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Your task is to write a program which reads a date (from 2004/1/1 to 2004/12/31) and prints the day of the date. Jan. 1, 2004, is Thursday. Note that 2004 is a leap year and we have Feb. 29.
Input
The input is a sequence of datasets. The end of the ... |
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Petya loves lucky numbers. Everybody knows that lucky numbers are positive integers whose decimal representation contains only the lucky digits 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.
Let next(x) be the minimum lucky ... |
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A: Alphabet block
Wakana Nakawa loves palindromes. Because my name is also a palindrome.
Wakana got a set with some alphabet blocks. An alphabet block is a block in which one lowercase alphabet is written for each block, and you can create your favori... |
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## The story you are about to hear is true
Our cat, Balor, sadly died of cancer in 2015.
While he was alive, the three neighborhood cats Lou, Mustache Cat, and Raoul all recognized our house and yard as Balor's territory, and would behave respectfully ... |
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Word $s$ of length $n$ is called $k$-complete if $s$ is a palindrome, i.e. $s_i=s_{n+1-i}$ for all $1 \le i \le n$; $s$ has a period of $k$, i.e. $s_i=s_{k+i}$ for all $1 \le i \le n-k$.
For example, "abaaba" is a $3$-complete word, while "abccba" ... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese, Russian and Vietnamese as well.
There are N students living in the dormitory of Berland State University. Each of them sometimes wants to use the kitchen, so the head of the dormitory came up with a timeta... |
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There are N children, numbered 1, 2, ..., N.
Snuke has decided to distribute x sweets among them. He needs to give out all the x sweets, but some of the children may get zero sweets.
For each i (1 \leq i \leq N), Child i will be happy if he/she gets e... |
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Each day in Berland consists of $n$ hours. Polycarp likes time management. That's why he has a fixed schedule for each day — it is a sequence $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ (each $a_i$ is either $0$ or $1$), where $a_i=0$ if Polycarp works during the $i$-th hou... |
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A prime number is an integer that is greater than 1 and can only be divided by itself or 1. For example, 2 is a prime number because it is divisible only by 2 and 1, but 12 is not a prime number because it is divisible by 2, 3, 4, 6 in addition to 12 an... |
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In this Kata you must convert integers numbers from and to a negative-base binary system.
Negative-base systems can accommodate all the same numbers as standard place-value systems, but both positive and negative numbers are represented without the use... |
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Implement a function that adds two numbers together and returns their sum in binary. The conversion can be done before, or after the addition.
The binary number returned should be a string.
Write your solution by modifying this code:
```python
def ad... |
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Given a string `s` of uppercase letters, your task is to determine how many strings `t` (also uppercase) with length equal to that of `s` satisfy the followng conditions:
* `t` is lexicographical larger than `s`, and
* when you write both `s` and `t` i... |
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One day alice and bob were playing with their old toys , they had moved all the rakes and drawers to in the pursuit of their childhood toys.
Finally they found bunch of cubes ,with letters and digits written on it ,which they recalled they used to mak... |
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Sort array by last character
Complete the function to sort a given array or list by last character of elements.
```if-not:haskell
Element can be an integer or a string.
```
### Example:
```
['acvd', 'bcc'] --> ['bcc', 'acvd']
```
The last charact... |
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Joisino wants to evaluate the formula "A op B".
Here, A and B are integers, and the binary operator op is either + or -.
Your task is to evaluate the formula instead of her.
-----Constraints-----
- 1≦A,B≦10^9
- op is either + or -.
-----Input-----
T... |
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You are given an array of `n+1` integers `1` through `n`. In addition there is a single duplicate integer.
The array is unsorted.
An example valid array would be `[3, 2, 5, 1, 3, 4]`. It has the integers `1` through `5` and `3` is duplicated. `[1, 2, ... |
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There are N rabbits on a number line. The rabbits are conveniently numbered 1 through N. The coordinate of the initial position of rabbit i is x_i.
The rabbits will now take exercise on the number line, by performing sets described below. A set consist... |
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You receive some random elements as a space-delimited string. Check if the elements are part of an ascending sequence of integers starting with 1, with an increment of 1 (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4).
Return:
* `0` if the elements can form such a sequence, and no... |
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Fangy the little walrus, as all the modern walruses, loves to communicate via text messaging. One day he faced the following problem: When he sends large texts, they are split into parts each containing n characters (which is the size of one text messag... |
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Little Petya likes permutations a lot. Recently his mom has presented him permutation q1, q2, ..., qn of length n.
A permutation a of length n is a sequence of integers a1, a2, ..., an (1 ≤ ai ≤ n), all integers there are distinct.
There is only one ... |
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Let's denote correct match equation (we will denote it as CME) an equation $a + b = c$ there all integers $a$, $b$ and $c$ are greater than zero.
For example, equations $2 + 2 = 4$ (||+||=||||) and $1 + 2 = 3$ (|+||=|||) are CME but equations $1 + 2 = ... |
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This is the hard version of this problem. The only difference is the constraint on $k$ — the number of gifts in the offer. In this version: $2 \le k \le n$.
Vasya came to the store to buy goods for his friends for the New Year. It turned out that he wa... |
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Determine whether a text T includes a pattern P. Your program should answer for given queries consisting of P_i.
Constraints
* 1 ≤ length of T ≤ 1000000
* 1 ≤ length of P_i ≤ 1000
* 1 ≤ Q ≤ 10000
* The input consists of alphabetical characters and dig... |
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Create a function that takes a string and returns that
string with the first half lowercased and the last half uppercased.
eg: foobar == fooBAR
If it is an odd number then 'round' it up to find which letters to uppercase. See example below.
silly... |
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Recently, chef Ciel often hears about lucky numbers.
Everybody knows that lucky numbers are positive integers
whose decimal representation contains only the lucky digits 4 and 7.
For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.
Ciel d... |
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Little Petya likes to play very much. And most of all he likes to play the following game:
He is given a sequence of N integer numbers. At each step it is allowed to increase the value of any number by 1 or to decrease it by 1. The goal of the game is ... |
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Last year Bob earned by selling memory sticks. During each of n days of his work one of the two following events took place:
* A customer came to Bob and asked to sell him a 2x MB memory stick. If Bob had such a stick, he sold it and got 2x berllars... |
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Twilight Sparkle was playing Ludo with her friends Rainbow Dash, Apple Jack and Flutter Shy. But she kept losing. Having returned to the castle, Twilight Sparkle became interested in the dice that were used in the game.
The dice has m faces: the first ... |
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Complete the function that determines the score of a hand in the card game [Blackjack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackjack) (aka 21).
The function receives an array of strings that represent each card in the hand (`"2"`, `"3",` ..., `"10"`, `"J"`, ... |
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The Little Elephant from the Zoo of Lviv likes listening to music.
There are N songs, numbered from 1 to N, in his MP3-player. The song i is described by a pair of integers B_{i} and L_{i} - the band (represented as integer) that performed that song and... |
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Polycarpus is an amateur programmer. Now he is analyzing a friend's program. He has already found there the function rangeIncrement(l, r), that adds 1 to each element of some array a for all indexes in the segment [l, r]. In other words, this function d... |
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# Task
Your task is to find the sum for the range `0 ... m` for all powers from `0 ... n.
# Example
For `m = 2, n = 3`, the result should be `20`
`0^0+1^0+2^0 + 0^1+1^1+2^1 + 0^2+1^2+2^2 + 0^3+1^3+2^3 = 20`
Note, that no output ever exceeds 2e9... |
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You are given an integer $n$. You have to calculate the number of binary (consisting of characters 0 and/or 1) strings $s$ meeting the following constraints.
For every pair of integers $(i, j)$ such that $1 \le i \le j \le n$, an integer $a_{i,j}$ is g... |
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Vasya has got a magic matrix a of size n × m. The rows of the matrix are numbered from 1 to n from top to bottom, the columns are numbered from 1 to m from left to right. Let a_{ij} be the element in the intersection of the i-th row and the j-th column.... |
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To satisfy his love of matching socks, Phoenix has brought his $n$ socks ($n$ is even) to the sock store. Each of his socks has a color $c_i$ and is either a left sock or right sock.
Phoenix can pay one dollar to the sock store to either:
recolor a so... |
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Create a function which answers the question "Are you playing banjo?".
If your name starts with the letter "R" or lower case "r", you are playing banjo!
The function takes a name as its only argument, and returns one of the following strings:
```
nam... |
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In the good old Hachioji railroad station located in the west of Tokyo, there are several parking lines, and lots of freight trains come and go every day.
All freight trains travel at night, so these trains containing various types of cars are settled ... |
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Polycarpus got an internship in one well-known social network. His test task is to count the number of unique users who have visited a social network during the day. Polycarpus was provided with information on all user requests for this time period. For... |
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Takahashi has decided to make a Christmas Tree for the Christmas party in AtCoder, Inc.
A Christmas Tree is a tree with N vertices numbered 1 through N and N-1 edges, whose i-th edge (1\leq i\leq N-1) connects Vertex a_i and b_i.
He would like to make... |
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Sasha likes programming. Once, during a very long contest, Sasha decided that he was a bit tired and needed to relax. So he did. But since Sasha isn't an ordinary guy, he prefers to relax unusually. During leisure time Sasha likes to upsolve unsolved pr... |
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Laura really hates people using acronyms in her office and wants to force her colleagues to remove all acronyms before emailing her. She wants you to build a system that will edit out all known acronyms or else will notify the sender if unknown acronyms... |
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Innokenty is a president of a new football league in Byteland. The first task he should do is to assign short names to all clubs to be shown on TV next to the score. Of course, the short names should be distinct, and Innokenty wants that all short names... |
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Write a function that calculates the *least common multiple* of its arguments; each argument is assumed to be a non-negative integer. In the case that there are no arguments (or the provided array in compiled languages is empty), return `1`.
~~~if:objc... |
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Short Phrase
A Short Phrase (aka. Tanku) is a fixed verse, inspired by Japanese poetry Tanka and Haiku. It is a sequence of words, each consisting of lowercase letters 'a' to 'z', and must satisfy the following condition:
> (The Condition for a Short ... |
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You will receive 5 points for solving this problem.
Manao has invented a new operation on strings that is called folding. Each fold happens between a pair of consecutive letters and places the second part of the string above first part, running in the ... |
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Takahashi has an N \times M grid, with N horizontal rows and M vertical columns. Determine if we can place A 1 \times 2 tiles (1 vertical, 2 horizontal) and B 2 \times 1 tiles (2 vertical, 1 horizontal) satisfying the following conditions, and construct... |
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You are given a n × m field consisting only of periods ('.') and asterisks ('*'). Your task is to count all right triangles with two sides parallel to the square sides, whose vertices are in the centers of '*'-cells. A right triangle is a triangle in wh... |
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You are given two integers $a$ and $m$. Calculate the number of integers $x$ such that $0 \le x < m$ and $\gcd(a, m) = \gcd(a + x, m)$.
Note: $\gcd(a, b)$ is the greatest common divisor of $a$ and $b$.
-----Input-----
The first line contains the sin... |
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Melody Pond was stolen from her parents as a newborn baby by Madame Kovarian, to become a weapon of the Silence in their crusade against the Doctor. Madame Kovarian changed Melody's name to River Song, giving her a new identity that allowed her to kill ... |
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This problem is different with hard version only by constraints on total answers length
It is an interactive problem
Venya joined a tour to the madhouse, in which orderlies play with patients the following game. Orderlies pick a string s of length n, ... |
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Everyone knows that computers become faster and faster. Recently Berland scientists have built a machine that can move itself back in time!
More specifically, it works as follows. It has an infinite grid and a robot which stands on one of the cells. Ea... |
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A camera you have accidentally left in a desert has taken an interesting photo. The photo has a resolution of n pixels width, and each column of this photo is all white or all black. Thus, we can represent the photo as a sequence of n zeros and ones, wh... |
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There are $n$ benches in the Berland Central park. It is known that $a_i$ people are currently sitting on the $i$-th bench. Another $m$ people are coming to the park and each of them is going to have a seat on some bench out of $n$ available.
Let $k$ b... |
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On his trip to Luxor and Aswan, Sagheer went to a Nubian market to buy some souvenirs for his friends and relatives. The market has some strange rules. It contains n different items numbered from 1 to n. The i-th item has base cost a_{i} Egyptian pounds... |
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There are many anime that are about "love triangles": Alice loves Bob, and Charlie loves Bob as well, but Alice hates Charlie. You are thinking about an anime which has n characters. The characters are labeled from 1 to n. Every pair of two characters c... |
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Little Petya loves looking for numbers' divisors. One day Petya came across the following problem:
You are given n queries in the form "xi yi". For each query Petya should count how many divisors of number xi divide none of the numbers xi - yi, xi - yi... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian.
Once Chef decided to divide the tangerine into several parts. At first, he numbered tangerine's segments from 1 to n in the clockwise order starting from some segment. Then he intended to divi... |
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Vasya has a beautiful garden where wonderful fruit trees grow and yield fantastic harvest every year. But lately thieves started to sneak into the garden at nights and steal the fruit too often. Vasya can’t spend the nights in the garden and guard the f... |
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In this Kata, you will be given two positive integers `a` and `b` and your task will be to apply the following operations:
```
i) If a = 0 or b = 0, return [a,b]. Otherwise, go to step (ii);
ii) If a ≥ 2*b, set a = a - 2*b, and repeat step (i). Otherwi... |
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You are given a string $s$ of length $n$, which consists only of the first $k$ letters of the Latin alphabet. All letters in string $s$ are uppercase.
A subsequence of string $s$ is a string that can be derived from $s$ by deleting some of its symbols ... |
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In Morse code, an letter of English alphabet is represented as a string of some length from $1$ to $4$. Moreover, each Morse code representation of an English letter contains only dots and dashes. In this task, we will represent a dot with a "0" and a d... |
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Create a program that reads the attendance numbers of students in a class and the data that stores the ABO blood group and outputs the number of people for each blood type. There are four types of ABO blood types: A, B, AB, and O.
Input
A comma-sepa... |
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Complete the function to determine the number of bits required to convert integer `A` to integer `B` (where `A` and `B` >= 0)
The upper limit for `A` and `B` is 2^(16), `int.MaxValue` or similar.
For example, you can change 31 to 14 by flipping the 4t... |
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## Witamy!
You are in Poland and want to order a drink. You need to ask "One beer please": "Jedno piwo poprosze"
``` java
Translator.orderingBeers(1) = "Jedno piwo poprosze"
```
But let's say you are really thirsty and want several beers. Then you ne... |
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Problem statement
Meatishi can increase or decrease the number of fingers.
There are n buns in front of Nikunishi-kun.
Meatishi is trying to count the number of steamed buns by breaking his finger.
There are only two shapes that Nishikun's fingers can ... |
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As we all know Barney's job is "PLEASE" and he has not much to do at work. That's why he started playing "cups and key". In this game there are three identical cups arranged in a line from left to right. Initially key to Barney's heart is under the midd... |
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There is an ice cream shop named Ten Ice Cream. At this store, we always have 10 types of ice cream on the shelves. The store manager creates a daily graph showing how well ice cream is selling for reference in product development.
For such a store man... |
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A string is called square if it is some string written twice in a row. For example, the strings "aa", "abcabc", "abab" and "baabaa" are square. But the strings "aaa", "abaaab" and "abcdabc" are not square.
For a given string $s$ determine if it is squa... |
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You have to write two methods to *encrypt* and *decrypt* strings.
Both methods have two parameters:
```
1. The string to encrypt/decrypt
2. The Qwerty-Encryption-Key (000-999)
```
The rules are very easy:
```
The crypting-regions are these 3 lines fro... |
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Recently, Dima met with Sasha in a philatelic store, and since then they are collecting coins together. Their favorite occupation is to sort collections of coins. Sasha likes having things in order, that is why he wants his coins to be arranged in a row... |
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A robber has attempted to rob a bank but failed to complete his task. However, he had managed to open all the safes.
Oleg the bank client loves money (who doesn't), and decides to take advantage of this failed robbery and steal some money from the safe... |
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Monocarp is playing yet another computer game. In this game, his character has to kill a dragon. The battle with the dragon lasts $100^{500}$ seconds, during which Monocarp attacks the dragon with a poisoned dagger. The $i$-th attack is performed at the... |
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Champernown constant is an irrational number represented in decimal by "0." followed by concatenation of all positive integers in the increasing order. The first few digits of this constant are: 0.123456789101112...
Your task is to write a program that... |
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Alice and Bob love playing one-dimensional battle ships. They play on the field in the form of a line consisting of n square cells (that is, on a 1 × n table).
At the beginning of the game Alice puts k ships on the field without telling their positions... |
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The whole world got obsessed with robots,and to keep pace with the progress, great Berland's programmer Draude decided to build his own robot. He was working hard at the robot. He taught it to walk the shortest path from one point to another, to record ... |
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There is a bookshelf which can fit $n$ books. The $i$-th position of bookshelf is $a_i = 1$ if there is a book on this position and $a_i = 0$ otherwise. It is guaranteed that there is at least one book on the bookshelf.
In one move, you can choose some... |
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Polycarp took $n$ videos, the duration of the $i$-th video is $a_i$ seconds. The videos are listed in the chronological order, i.e. the $1$-st video is the earliest, the $2$-nd video is the next, ..., the $n$-th video is the last.
Now Polycarp wants to... |
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Vasya writes his own library for building graphical user interface. Vasya called his creation VTK (VasyaToolKit). One of the interesting aspects of this library is that widgets are packed in each other.
A widget is some element of graphical interface.... |
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Mikhail the Freelancer dreams of two things: to become a cool programmer and to buy a flat in Moscow. To become a cool programmer, he needs at least p experience points, and a desired flat in Moscow costs q dollars. Mikhail is determined to follow his d... |
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Well, the series which Stepan watched for a very long time, ended. In total, the series had n episodes. For each of them, Stepan remembers either that he definitely has watched it, or that he definitely hasn't watched it, or he is unsure, has he watched... |
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Let $LCM(x, y)$ be the minimum positive integer that is divisible by both $x$ and $y$. For example, $LCM(13, 37) = 481$, $LCM(9, 6) = 18$.
You are given two integers $l$ and $r$. Find two integers $x$ and $y$ such that $l \le x < y \le r$ and $l \le LC... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian.
You are given an array A of N integers. You are to fulfill M queries. Each query has one of the following three types:
C d : Rotate the array A clockwise by d units.
A d : Rotate the array A ... |
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Valera's lifelong ambition was to be a photographer, so he bought a new camera. Every day he got more and more clients asking for photos, and one day Valera needed a program that would determine the maximum number of people he can serve.
The camera's m... |
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Take an integer `n (n >= 0)` and a digit `d (0 <= d <= 9)` as an integer. Square all numbers `k (0 <= k <= n)` between 0 and n. Count the numbers of
digits `d` used in the writing of all the `k**2`. Call `nb_dig` (or nbDig or ...) the function taking `... |
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Andrey thinks he is truly a successful developer, but in reality he didn't know about the binary search algorithm until recently. After reading some literature Andrey understood that this algorithm allows to quickly find a certain number $x$ in an array... |
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Gardener Alexey teaches competitive programming to high school students. To congratulate Alexey on the Teacher's Day, the students have gifted him a collection of wooden sticks, where every stick has an integer length. Now Alexey wants to grow a tree fr... |
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Each month Blake gets the report containing main economic indicators of the company "Blake Technologies". There are n commodities produced by the company. For each of them there is exactly one integer in the final report, that denotes corresponding reve... |
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<image>
The International Clown and Pierrot Competition (ICPC), is one of the most distinguished and also the most popular events on earth in the show business.
One of the unique features of this contest is the great number of judges that sometimes co... |
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You have integer $n$. Calculate how many ways are there to fully cover belt-like area of $4n-2$ triangles with diamond shapes.
Diamond shape consists of two triangles. You can move, rotate or flip the shape, but you cannot scale it.
$2$ coverings ar... |
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It's that time of the year, Felicity is around the corner and you can see people celebrating all around the Himalayan region. The Himalayan region has n gyms. The i-th gym has g_{i} Pokemon in it. There are m distinct Pokemon types in the Himalayan regi... |
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Write a function which reduces fractions to their simplest form! Fractions will be presented as an array/tuple (depending on the language), and the reduced fraction must be returned as an array/tuple:
```
input: [numerator, denominator]
output: [new... |
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One way to create a task is to learn from life. You can choose some experience in real life, formalize it and then you will get a new task.
Let's think about a scene in real life: there are lots of people waiting in front of the elevator, each person w... |
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A girl named Sonya is studying in the scientific lyceum of the Kingdom of Kremland. The teacher of computer science (Sonya's favorite subject!) invented a task for her.
Given an array $a$ of length $n$, consisting only of the numbers $0$ and $1$, and t... |
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Winter is here at the North and the White Walkers are close. John Snow has an army consisting of n soldiers. While the rest of the world is fighting for the Iron Throne, he is going to get ready for the attack of the White Walkers.
He has created a met... |
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Constraints
* 1 ≤ |V| ≤ 100
* 0 ≤ |E| ≤ 9900
* -2 × 107 ≤ di ≤ 2 × 107
* There are no parallel edges
* There are no self-loops
Input
An edge-weighted graph G (V, E).
|V| |E|
s0 t0 d0
s1 t1 d1
:
s|E|-1 t|E|-1 d|E|-1
|V| is the number of vertices a... |
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There is an infinite 2-dimensional grid. The robot stands in cell $(0, 0)$ and wants to reach cell $(x, y)$. Here is a list of possible commands the robot can execute:
move north from cell $(i, j)$ to $(i, j + 1)$;
move east from cell $(i, j)$ to $(i ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Let's define logical OR as an operation on two logical values (i. e. values that belong to the set {0, 1}) that is equal to 1 if either or both of the logical values is set to 1, otherwise it is 0. We can define logical OR of three or more logical value... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
$n$ heroes fight against each other in the Arena. Initially, the $i$-th hero has level $a_i$.
Each minute, a fight between two different heroes occurs. These heroes can be chosen arbitrarily (it's even possible that it is the same two heroes that were ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Lee was cleaning his house for the party when he found a messy string under the carpets. Now he'd like to make it clean accurately and in a stylish way...
The string $s$ he found is a binary string of length $n$ (i. e. string consists only of 0-s and 1... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Let's imagine we have a popular online RPG. A player begins with a score of 0 in class E5. A1 is the highest level a player can achieve.
Now let's say the players wants to rank up to class E4. To do so the player needs to achieve at least 100 points to... |
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