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With a friend we used to play the following game on a chessboard
(8, rows, 8 columns).
On the first row at the *bottom* we put numbers:
`1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6, 6/7, 7/8, 8/9`
On row 2 (2nd row from the bottom) we have:
`1/3, 2/4, 3/5, 4/6, 5/7, 6/8... |
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It is the middle of 2018 and Maria Stepanovna, who lives outside Krasnokamensk (a town in Zabaikalsky region), wants to rent three displays to highlight an important problem.
There are $n$ displays placed along a road, and the $i$-th of them can displa... |
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We need a function ```count_sel()``` that receives an array or list of integers (positive and negative) and may give us the following information in the order and structure presented bellow:
```[(1), (2), (3), [[(4)], 5]]```
(1) - Total amount of rec... |
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The Little Elephant from the Zoo of Lviv has an array A that consists of N positive integers. Let A[i] be the i-th number in this array (i = 1, 2, ..., N).
Find the minimal number x > 1 such that x is a divisor of all integers from array A. More formal... |
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Try guessing the statement from this picture: $3$
You are given a non-negative integer $d$. You have to find two non-negative real numbers $a$ and $b$ such that $a + b = d$ and $a \cdot b = d$.
-----Input-----
The first line contains $t$ ($1 \le t... |
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User ainta loves to play with cards. He has a cards containing letter "o" and b cards containing letter "x". He arranges the cards in a row, and calculates the score of the deck by the formula below. At first, the score is 0. For each block of contigu... |
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Compare given two sequence $A = \\{a_0, a_1, ..., a_{n-1}\\}$ and $B = \\{b_0, b_1, ..., b_{m-1}$ lexicographically.
Constraints
* $1 \leq n, m \leq 1,000$
* $0 \leq a_i, b_i \leq 1,000$
Input
The input is given in the following format.
$n$
$a_0 \... |
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Vasya is preparing a contest, and now he has written a statement for an easy problem. The statement is a string of length $n$ consisting of lowercase Latin latters. Vasya thinks that the statement can be considered hard if it contains a subsequence hard... |
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Let N be a positive odd number.
There are N coins, numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N. For each i (1 \leq i \leq N), when Coin i is tossed, it comes up heads with probability p_i and tails with probability 1 - p_i.
Taro has tossed all the N coins. Find the prob... |
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Everyone knows passphrases. One can choose passphrases from poems, songs, movies names and so on but frequently
they can be guessed due to common cultural references.
You can get your passphrases stronger by different means. One is the following:
choo... |
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Lesha plays the recently published new version of the legendary game hacknet. In this version character skill mechanism was introduced. Now, each player character has exactly n skills. Each skill is represented by a non-negative integer ai — the current... |
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The "Bulls and Cows" game needs two people to play. The thinker thinks of a number and the guesser tries to guess it.
The thinker thinks of a four-digit number in the decimal system. All the digits in the number are different and the number may have a ... |
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We say that a odd number N is similar to 2017 when both N and (N+1)/2 are prime.
You are given Q queries.
In the i-th query, given two odd numbers l_i and r_i, find the number of odd numbers x similar to 2017 such that l_i ≤ x ≤ r_i.
-----Constraints--... |
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Takahashi likes the sound when he buys a drink from a vending machine.
That sound can be heard by spending A yen (the currency of Japan) each time.
Takahashi has B yen. He will hear the sound as many times as he can with that money, but at most C times,... |
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Xenia the beginner mathematician is a third year student at elementary school. She is now learning the addition operation.
The teacher has written down the sum of multiple numbers. Pupils should calculate the sum. To make the calculation easier, the su... |
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The development of algae in a pond is as follows.
Let the total weight of the algae at the beginning of the year i be x_i gram. For i≥2000, the following formula holds:
- x_{i+1} = rx_i - D
You are given r, D and x_{2000}. Calculate x_{2001}, ..., x_{2... |
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Smeke has decided to participate in AtCoder Beginner Contest (ABC) if his current rating is less than 1200, and participate in AtCoder Regular Contest (ARC) otherwise.
You are given Smeke's current rating, x. Print ABC if Smeke will participate in ABC, ... |
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A checksum is an algorithm that scans a packet of data and returns a single number. The idea is that if the packet is changed, the checksum will also change, so checksums are often used for detecting
transmission errors, validating document contents, an... |
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After waking up at hh:mm, Andrew realised that he had forgotten to feed his only cat for yet another time (guess why there's only one cat). The cat's current hunger level is H points, moreover each minute without food increases his hunger by D points.
... |
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Lesha plays the recently published new version of the legendary game hacknet. In this version character skill mechanism was introduced. Now, each player character has exactly n skills. Each skill is represented by a non-negative integer a_{i} — the curr... |
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The GCD table G of size n × n for an array of positive integers a of length n is defined by formula
<image>
Let us remind you that the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two positive integers x and y is the greatest integer that is divisor of both x an... |
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A new school year is approaching, which also means students will be taking tests.
The tests in this kata are to be graded in different ways. A certain number of points will be given for each correct answer and a certain number of points will be deduct... |
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There is a rectangular grid of size $n \times m$. Each cell has a number written on it; the number on the cell ($i, j$) is $a_{i, j}$. Your task is to calculate the number of paths from the upper-left cell ($1, 1$) to the bottom-right cell ($n, m$) meet... |
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«One dragon. Two dragon. Three dragon», — the princess was counting. She had trouble falling asleep, and she got bored of counting lambs when she was nine.
However, just counting dragons was boring as well, so she entertained herself at best she could.... |
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The `depth` of an integer `n` is defined to be how many multiples of `n` it is necessary to compute before all `10` digits have appeared at least once in some multiple.
example:
```
let see n=42
Multiple value digits comment
42*1 ... |
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Mr Keks is a typical white-collar in Byteland.
He has a bookshelf in his office with some books on it, each book has an integer positive price.
Mr Keks defines the value of a shelf as the sum of books prices on it.
Miraculously, Mr Keks was promoted... |
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In one school with Vasya there is a student Kostya. Kostya does not like physics, he likes different online games. Every day, having come home, Kostya throws his bag in the farthest corner and sits down at his beloved computer. Kostya even eats glued to... |
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Prime numbers are widely applied for cryptographic and communication technology. A twin prime is a prime number that differs from another prime number by 2. For example, (5, 7) and (11, 13) are twin prime pairs.
In this problem, we call the greater num... |
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DO YOU EXPECT ME TO FIND THIS OUT?
WHAT BASE AND/XOR LANGUAGE INCLUDES string?
DON'T BYTE OF MORE THAN YOU CAN CHEW
YOU CAN ONLY DISTORT THE LARGEST OF MATHEMATICS SO FAR
SAYING "ABRACADABRA" WITHOUT A MAGIC AND WON'T DO YOU ANY GOOD
THE LAST STACK... |
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In this Kata, you will implement the [Luhn Algorithm](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm), which is used to help validate credit card numbers.
Given a positive integer of up to 16 digits, return ```true``` if it is a valid credit card number, ... |
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Smith wakes up at the side of a dirty, disused bathroom, his ankle chained to pipes. Next to him is tape-player with a hand-written message "Play Me". He finds a tape in his own back pocket. After putting the tape in the tape-player, he sees a key hangi... |
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We define the "unfairness" of a list/array as the *minimal* difference between max(x1,x2,...xk) and min(x1,x2,...xk), for all possible combinations of k elements you can take from the list/array; both minimum and maximum of an empty list/array are consi... |
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## Find Mean
Find the mean (average) of a list of numbers in an array.
## Information
To find the mean (average) of a set of numbers add all of the numbers together and divide by the number of values in the list.
For an example list of `1, 3, 5, 7`
... |
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Make a program that filters a list of strings and returns a list with only your friends name in it.
If a name has exactly 4 letters in it, you can be sure that it has to be a friend of yours! Otherwise, you can be sure he's not...
Ex: Input = ["Ryan",... |
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Leha like all kinds of strange things. Recently he liked the function F(n, k). Consider all possible k-element subsets of the set [1, 2, ..., n]. For subset find minimal element in it. F(n, k) — mathematical expectation of the minimal element among all ... |
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Make a function **"add"** that will be able to sum elements of **list** continuously and return a new list of sums.
For example:
```
add [1,2,3,4,5] == [1, 3, 6, 10, 15], because it's calculated like
this : [1, 1 + 2, 1 + 2 + 3, 1 + 2 + 3 + 4, 1 + 2... |
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Write a program which computes the digit number of sum of two integers a and b.
Constraints
* 0 ≤ a, b ≤ 1,000,000
* The number of datasets ≤ 200
Input
There are several test cases. Each test case consists of two non-negative integers a and b which ... |
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Dothraki are planning an attack to usurp King Robert's throne. King Robert learns of this conspiracy from Raven and plans to lock the single door through which the enemy can enter his kingdom.
But, to lock the door he needs a key that is an anagram of ... |
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Takahashi has decided to distribute N AtCoder Crackers to K users of as evenly as possible.
When all the crackers are distributed, find the minimum possible (absolute) difference between the largest number of crackers received by a user and the smallest... |
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You are given an integer K. Print the string obtained by repeating the string `ACL` K times and concatenating them.
For example, if K = 3, print `ACLACLACL`.
Constraints
* 1 \leq K \leq 5
* All values in input are integers.
Input
Input is given fro... |
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Hilbert's Hotel is a very unusual hotel since the number of rooms is infinite! In fact, there is exactly one room for every integer, including zero and negative integers. Even stranger, the hotel is currently at full capacity, meaning there is exactly o... |
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A tatami mat, a Japanese traditional floor cover, has a rectangular form with aspect ratio 1:2. When spreading tatami mats on a floor, it is prohibited to make a cross with the border of the tatami mats, because it is believed to bring bad luck.
Your t... |
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Brave Ponta and his best friend, Brave Gonta, have come to Luida's bar in search of friends to embark on an epic adventure. There are many warriors, monks and wizards in the tavern who are itching to go on an adventure.
Gonta, who is kind-hearted, care... |
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As meticulous Gerald sets the table, Alexander finished another post on Codeforces and begins to respond to New Year greetings from friends. Alexander has n friends, and each of them sends to Alexander exactly one e-card. Let us number his friends by nu... |
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You have a string $s$ and a chip, which you can place onto any character of this string.
After placing the chip, you move it to the right several (maybe zero) times, i. e. you perform the following operation several times: if the current position of th... |
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# Task
Get the digits sum of `n`th number from the [Look-and-Say sequence](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Look-and-say_sequence)(1-based).
`1, 11, 21, 1211, 111221, 312211, 13112221, 1113213211, ...`
# Input/Output
`[input]` integer `n`
`n`th number i... |
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You have A 500-yen coins, B 100-yen coins and C 50-yen coins (yen is the currency of Japan).
In how many ways can we select some of these coins so that they are X yen in total?
Coins of the same kind cannot be distinguished. Two ways to select coins are... |
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There are $n$ cities numbered from $1$ to $n$, and city $i$ has beauty $a_i$.
A salesman wants to start at city $1$, visit every city exactly once, and return to city $1$.
For all $i\ne j$, a flight from city $i$ to city $j$ costs $\max(c_i,a_j-a_i)$ ... |
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Example
Input
5 3
4
2
5
Output
5
2
4
1
3
Read the inputs from stdin solve the problem and write the answer to stdout (do not directly test on the sample inputs). Enclose your code within ```python delimiters. |
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Dima worked all day and wrote down on a long paper strip his favorite number $n$ consisting of $l$ digits. Unfortunately, the strip turned out to be so long that it didn't fit in the Dima's bookshelf.
To solve the issue, Dima decided to split the strip... |
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You have n distinct points on a plane, none of them lie on OY axis. Check that there is a point after removal of which the remaining points are located on one side of the OY axis.
-----Input-----
The first line contains a single positive integer n (2... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian.
A new school in Byteland is now in the process of renewing some classrooms with new, stronger and better chairs, so that the students can stay still and pay attention to class :)
However, du... |
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Write a function `getDrinkByProfession`/`get_drink_by_profession()` that receives as input parameter a string, and produces outputs according to the following table:
Input
Output
"Jabroni"
"Patron Tequila"
"School Counselor"
"Anything with Alcoh... |
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A superhero fights with a monster. The battle consists of rounds, each of which lasts exactly $n$ minutes. After a round ends, the next round starts immediately. This is repeated over and over again.
Each round has the same scenario. It is described by... |
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Ikta, who hates to lose, has recently been enthusiastic about playing games using the Go board. However, neither Go nor Gomoku can beat my friends at all, so I decided to give a special training to the lesser-known game Phutball.
This game is a difficu... |
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We have a string of letters 'a' and 'b'. We want to perform some operations on it. On each step we choose one of substrings "ab" in the string and replace it with the string "bba". If we have no "ab" as a substring, our job is done. Print the minimum nu... |
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There is a $n \times m$ grid. You are standing at cell $(1, 1)$ and your goal is to finish at cell $(n, m)$.
You can move to the neighboring cells to the right or down. In other words, suppose you are standing at cell $(x, y)$. You can:
move right to ... |
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Sum all the numbers of the array (in F# and Haskell you get a list) except the highest and the lowest element (the value, not the index!).
(The highest/lowest element is respectively only one element at each edge, even if there are more than one with th... |
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Bees Alice and Alesya gave beekeeper Polina famous card game "Set" as a Christmas present. The deck consists of cards that vary in four features across three options for each kind of feature: number of shapes, shape, shading, and color. In this game, so... |
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*** No Loops Allowed ***
You will be given an array (a) and a value (x). All you need to do is check whether the provided array contains the value, without using a loop.
Array can contain numbers or strings. X can be either. Return true if the array c... |
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You've got a list of program warning logs. Each record of a log stream is a string in this format: "2012-MM-DD HH:MM:SS:MESSAGE" (without the quotes).
String "MESSAGE" consists of spaces, uppercase and lowercase English letters and characters "!", ".... |
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We have N dice arranged in a line from left to right. The i-th die from the left shows p_i numbers from 1 to p_i with equal probability when thrown.
We will choose K adjacent dice, throw each of them independently, and compute the sum of the numbers sho... |
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There are N towns in JOI, which are connected by M bidirectional roads. There are shopping malls in K towns, and the people go to one of those towns through the road to shop.
Depending on the location of your home, you may have to travel long distances... |
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If the strings are consecutive, you can replace the characters with a rule to shorten the string. For example, for the string AAAA, the expression @ 4A will compress one character. Create a program that restores the character string compressed by this r... |
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Facetook is a well known social network website, and it will launch a new feature called Facetook Priority Wall. This feature will sort all posts from your friends according to the priority factor (it will be described).
This priority factor will be af... |
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You are given two non-negative integers L and R.
We will choose two integers i and j such that L \leq i < j \leq R.
Find the minimum possible value of (i \times j) \mbox{ mod } 2019.
-----Constraints-----
- All values in input are integers.
- 0 \leq ... |
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Advanced Creative Mobile (ACM) has decided to develop a GUI application to be installed in a new portable computer.
As shown in the figure below, the GUI has a nested structure in which it has one main panel, several panels are arranged on it, and some... |
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Welcome! Everything is fine.
You have arrived in The Medium Place, the place between The Good Place and The Bad Place. You are assigned a task that will either make people happier or torture them for eternity.
You have a list of $k$ pairs of people wh... |
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Alice and Bob are decorating a Christmas Tree.
Alice wants only $3$ types of ornaments to be used on the Christmas Tree: yellow, blue and red. They have $y$ yellow ornaments, $b$ blue ornaments and $r$ red ornaments.
In Bob's opinion, a Christmas Tre... |
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# Story&Task
The capital of Berland has n multifloor buildings. The architect who built up the capital was very creative, so all houses in the city were built in one row.
Let's enumerate all the houses from left to right, starting with 0. A house is ... |
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New Year is coming and you are excited to know how many minutes remain before the New Year. You know that currently the clock shows $h$ hours and $m$ minutes, where $0 \le hh < 24$ and $0 \le mm < 60$. We use 24-hour time format!
Your task is to find t... |
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You are given a rooted tree. Each vertex contains a_i tons of gold, which costs c_i per one ton. Initially, the tree consists only a root numbered 0 with a_0 tons of gold and price c_0 per ton.
There are q queries. Each query has one of two types:
... |
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Bajtek, known for his unusual gifts, recently got an integer array $x_0, x_1, \ldots, x_{k-1}$.
Unfortunately, after a huge array-party with his extraordinary friends, he realized that he'd lost it. After hours spent on searching for a new toy, Bajtek ... |
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You are given an integer array $a$ of length $n$.
Does there exist an array $b$ consisting of $n+1$ positive integers such that $a_i=\gcd (b_i,b_{i+1})$ for all $i$ ($1 \leq i \leq n$)?
Note that $\gcd(x, y)$ denotes the greatest common divisor (GCD) ... |
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Eudokimus, a system administrator is in trouble again. As a result of an error in some script, a list of names of very important files has been damaged. Since they were files in the BerFS file system, it is known that each file name has a form "name.ext... |
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Consider the sequence `a(1) = 7, a(n) = a(n-1) + gcd(n, a(n-1)) for n >= 2`:
`7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 69, 72, 73...`.
Let us take the differences between successive elements of the sequence... |
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This is a simplified version of the task Toy Train. These two versions differ only in the constraints. Hacks for this version are disabled.
Alice received a set of Toy Train™ from Bob. It consists of one train and a connected railway network of n stati... |
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Lot of junior developer can be stuck when they need to change the access permission to a file or a directory in an Unix-like operating systems.
To do that they can use the `chmod` command and with some magic trick they can change the permissionof a fil... |
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### Longest Palindrome
Find the length of the longest substring in the given string `s` that is the same in reverse.
As an example, if the input was “I like racecars that go fast”, the substring (`racecar`) length would be `7`.
If the length... |
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Let us denote by f(x, m) the remainder of the Euclidean division of x by m.
Let A be the sequence that is defined by the initial value A_1=X and the recurrence relation A_{n+1} = f(A_n^2, M).
Find \displaystyle{\sum_{i=1}^N A_i}.
-----Constraints-----
... |
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A string $s$ of length $n$ can be encrypted by the following algorithm: iterate over all divisors of $n$ in decreasing order (i.e. from $n$ to $1$), for each divisor $d$, reverse the substring $s[1 \dots d]$ (i.e. the substring which starts at positio... |
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Jack really likes his number five: the trick here is that you have to multiply each number by 5 raised to the number of digits of each numbers, so, for example:
```python
multiply(3)==15
multiply(10)==250
multiply(200)==25000
multiply(0)==0
multiply(-3)... |
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Chef Palin, as his name suggests, is always very interested in palindromic strings. Recently, he made a pretty interesting discovery on palindromes and that made him feel really Lucky. He came across something known as Lucky Palindromes. He defines a st... |
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Create a function that takes a Roman numeral as its argument and returns its value as a numeric decimal integer. You don't need to validate the form of the Roman numeral.
Modern Roman numerals are written by expressing each decimal digit of the number ... |
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William has an array of $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$. In one move he can swap two neighboring items. Two items $a_i$ and $a_j$ are considered neighboring if the condition $|i - j| = 1$ is satisfied.
William wants you to calculate the minimal num... |
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Famous Brazil city Rio de Janeiro holds a tennis tournament and Ostap Bender doesn't want to miss this event. There will be n players participating, and the tournament will follow knockout rules from the very first game. That means, that if someone lose... |
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There are N students in a school.
We will divide these students into some groups, and in each group they will discuss some themes.
You think that groups consisting of two or less students cannot have an effective discussion, so you want to have as many ... |
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Have you ever used the chat application QQ? Well, in a chat group of QQ, administrators can muzzle a user for days.
In Boboniu's chat group, there's a person called Du Yi who likes to make fun of Boboniu every day.
Du will chat in the group for n days... |
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The only difference between problems C1 and C2 is that all values in input of problem C1 are distinct (this condition may be false for problem C2).
You are given a sequence $a$ consisting of $n$ integers.
You are making a sequence of moves. During eac... |
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Read problems statements in Russian here
Polo, the Penguin, has a lot of tests tomorrow at the university.
He knows that there are N different questions that will be on the tests. For each question i (i = 1..N), he knows C[i] - the number of tests that... |
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There are N computers and N sockets in a one-dimensional world. The coordinate of the i-th computer is a_i, and the coordinate of the i-th socket is b_i. It is guaranteed that these 2N coordinates are pairwise distinct.
Snuke wants to connect each comp... |
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You love coffee and want to know what beans you can afford to buy it.
The first argument to your search function will be a number which represents your budget.
The second argument will be an array of coffee bean prices.
Your 'search' function should ... |
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For a positive integer n
* If n is even, divide by 2.
* If n is odd, multiply by 3 and add 1.
If you repeat the above operation, the result will be 1. A problem called "Colatz conjecture" is that repeating this operation for any positive integer n w... |
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Your task is to find the first element of an array that is not consecutive.
By not consecutive we mean not exactly 1 larger than the previous element of the array.
E.g. If we have an array `[1,2,3,4,6,7,8]` then `1` then `2` then `3` then `4` are all ... |
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Baby is getting his frst tooth. This means more sleepless nights, but with the fun of feeling round his gums and trying to guess which will be first out!
Probably best have a sweepstake with your friends - because you have the best chance of knowing. ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Your master went to the town for a day. You could have a relaxed day without hearing his scolding. But he ordered you to make donuts dough by the evening. Loving donuts so much, he can't live without eating tens of donuts everyday. What a chore for such... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Let's define $p_i(n)$ as the following permutation: $[i, 1, 2, \dots, i - 1, i + 1, \dots, n]$. This means that the $i$-th permutation is almost identity (i.e. which maps every element to itself) permutation but the element $i$ is on the first position.... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Aizuwakamatsu City is known as the "City of History". About 400 years ago, the skeleton of the castle town was created by Gamo Ujisato, but after that, it became the central city of the Aizu clan 230,000 stones, whose ancestor was Hoshina Masayuki, the ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Takahashi is practicing shiritori alone again today.
Shiritori is a game as follows:
- In the first turn, a player announces any one word.
- In the subsequent turns, a player announces a word that satisfies the following conditions:
- That word is no... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
The Little Elephant very much loves sums on intervals.
This time he has a pair of integers l and r (l ≤ r). The Little Elephant has to find the number of such integers x (l ≤ x ≤ r), that the first digit of integer x equals the last one (in decimal not... |
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