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You have N items and a bag of strength W. The i-th item has a weight of w_i and a value of v_i.
You will select some of the items and put them in the bag. Here, the total weight of the selected items needs to be at most W.
Your objective is to maximiz... |
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Johnny has recently found an ancient, broken computer. The machine has only one register, which allows one to put in there one variable. Then in one operation, you can shift its bits left or right by at most three positions. The right shift is forbidden... |
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Kirito is stuck on a level of the MMORPG he is playing now. To move on in the game, he's got to defeat all n dragons that live on this level. Kirito and the dragons have strength, which is represented by an integer. In the duel between two opponents the... |
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You are given an array $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ consisting of $n$ distinct integers. Count the number of pairs of indices $(i, j)$ such that $i < j$ and $a_i \cdot a_j = i + j$.
-----Input-----
The first line contains one integer $t$ ($1 \leq t \leq 10... |
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Our bear's forest has a checkered field. The checkered field is an n × n table, the rows are numbered from 1 to n from top to bottom, the columns are numbered from 1 to n from left to right. Let's denote a cell of the field on the intersection of row x ... |
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Little Dormi received a histogram with $n$ bars of height $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ for Christmas. However, the more he played with his new histogram, the more he realized its imperfections, so today he wanted to modify it to his liking.
To modify the hi... |
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A way to make a new task is to make it nondeterministic or probabilistic. For example, the hard task of Topcoder SRM 595, Constellation, is the probabilistic version of a convex hull.
Let's try to make a new task. Firstly we will use the following task... |
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Given are N pairwise distinct non-negative integers A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_N. Find the number of ways to choose a set of between 1 and K numbers (inclusive) from the given numbers so that the following two conditions are satisfied:
* The bitwise AND of the c... |
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Kenkoooo found a simple connected graph. The vertices are numbered 1 through n. The i-th edge connects Vertex u_i and v_i, and has a fixed integer s_i.
Kenkoooo is trying to write a positive integer in each vertex so that the following condition is sat... |
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Problem
I chose creature observation as the theme of my free study during the summer vacation and purchased a creature observation kit.
This creature prefers to live in a three-dimensional grid-like space. Only one animal can be placed in each cell. I... |
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wHAT DO WE NEED cAPS LOCK FOR?
Caps lock is a computer keyboard key. Pressing it sets an input mode in which typed letters are capital by default. If it is pressed by accident, it leads to accidents like the one we had in the first passage.
Let's con... |
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There are two small spaceship, surrounded by two groups of enemy larger spaceships. The space is a two-dimensional plane, and one group of the enemy spaceships is positioned in such a way that they all have integer $y$-coordinates, and their $x$-coordin... |
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Takahashi and Aoki will have a battle using their monsters.
The health and strength of Takahashi's monster are A and B, respectively, and those of Aoki's monster are C and D, respectively.
The two monsters will take turns attacking, in the order Takahas... |
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A stowaway and a controller play the following game.
The train is represented by n wagons which are numbered with positive integers from 1 to n from the head to the tail. The stowaway and the controller are initially in some two different wagons. Ever... |
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Volodya likes listening to heavy metal and (occasionally) reading. No wonder Volodya is especially interested in texts concerning his favourite music style.
Volodya calls a string powerful if it starts with "heavy" and ends with "metal". Finding all po... |
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In recent years John has very successfully settled at his new job at the office. But John doesn't like to idly sit around while his code is compiling, so he immediately found himself an interesting distraction. The point of his distraction was to mainta... |
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Now Serval is a junior high school student in Japari Middle School, and he is still thrilled on math as before.
As a talented boy in mathematics, he likes to play with numbers. This time, he wants to play with numbers on a rooted tree.
A tree is a co... |
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Takahashi is about to assemble a character figure, consisting of N parts called Part 1, Part 2, ..., Part N and N-1 connecting components. Parts are distinguishable, but connecting components are not.
Part i has d_i holes, called Hole 1, Hole 2, ..., Ho... |
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Find \displaystyle{\sum_{a=1}^{K}\sum_{b=1}^{K}\sum_{c=1}^{K} \gcd(a,b,c)}.
Here \gcd(a,b,c) denotes the greatest common divisor of a, b, and c.
-----Constraints-----
- 1 \leq K \leq 200
- K is an integer.
-----Input-----
Input is given from Standar... |
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In a small restaurant there are a tables for one person and b tables for two persons.
It it known that n groups of people come today, each consisting of one or two people.
If a group consist of one person, it is seated at a vacant one-seater table. ... |
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Given an array (or list) of scores, return the array of _ranks_ for each value in the array. The largest value has rank 1, the second largest value has rank 2, and so on. Ties should be handled by assigning the same rank to all tied values. For example... |
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Sometimes it is hard to prepare tests for programming problems. Now Bob is preparing tests to new problem about strings — input data to his problem is one string. Bob has 3 wrong solutions to this problem. The first gives the wrong answer if the input d... |
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Vasya has found a piece of paper with a coordinate system written on it. There are n distinct squares drawn in this coordinate system. Let's number the squares with integers from 1 to n. It turned out that points with coordinates (0, 0) and (ai, ai) are... |
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Nauuo is a girl who loves playing cards.
One day she was playing cards but found that the cards were mixed with some empty ones.
There are $n$ cards numbered from $1$ to $n$, and they were mixed with another $n$ empty cards. She piled up the $2n$ card... |
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Write a function that accepts two arguments: an array/list of integers and another integer (`n`).
Determine the number of times where two integers in the array have a difference of `n`.
For example:
```
[1, 1, 5, 6, 9, 16, 27], n=4 --> 3 # (1,5), ... |
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At the start of each season, every player in a football team is assigned their own unique squad number. Due to superstition or their history certain numbers are more desirable than others.
Write a function generateNumber() that takes two arguments, an ... |
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Ancient Egyptians are known to have understood difficult concepts in mathematics. The ancient Egyptian mathematician Ahmes liked to write a kind of arithmetic expressions on papyrus paper which he called as Ahmes arithmetic expression.
An Ahmes arithme... |
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Ito joined the Kyudo club after entering high school. At first, I had a hard time because the arrow didn't reach the target, but in the fall of my first year of high school, I managed to improve to the point where the arrow reached the target.
One day,... |
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You are given n × m table. Each cell of the table is colored white or black. Find the number of non-empty sets of cells such that:
All cells in a set have the same color. Every two cells in a set share row or column.
-----Input-----
The first li... |
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We have a cord whose length is a positive integer. We will perform the following condition until the length of the cord becomes at most 2:
* Operation: Cut the rope at two positions to obtain three cords, each with a length of a positive integer. Among... |
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One day in the IT lesson Anna and Maria learned about the lexicographic order.
String x is lexicographically less than string y, if either x is a prefix of y (and x ≠ y), or there exists such i (1 ≤ i ≤ min(|x|, |y|)), that xi < yi, and for any j (1 ≤ ... |
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The only difference between easy and hard versions is the length of the string.
You are given a string $s$ and a string $t$, both consisting only of lowercase Latin letters. It is guaranteed that $t$ can be obtained from $s$ by removing some (possibly,... |
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A girl named Xenia has a cupboard that looks like an arc from ahead. The arc is made of a semicircle with radius r (the cupboard's top) and two walls of height h (the cupboard's sides). The cupboard's depth is r, that is, it looks like a rectangle with ... |
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Nathan O. Davis is challenging a kind of shooter game. In this game, enemies emit laser beams from outside of the screen. A laser beam is a straight line with a certain thickness. Nathan moves a circular-shaped machine within the screen, in such a way i... |
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Today on Informatics class Nastya learned about GCD and LCM (see links below). Nastya is very intelligent, so she solved all the tasks momentarily and now suggests you to solve one of them as well.
We define a pair of integers (a, b) good, if GCD(a, b)... |
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Polycarp has just invented a new binary protocol for data transmission. He is encoding positive integer decimal number to binary string using following algorithm:
Each digit is represented with number of '1' characters equal to the value of that digi... |
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There are n stones arranged on an axis. Initially the i-th stone is located at the coordinate s_i. There may be more than one stone in a single place.
You can perform zero or more operations of the following type:
* take two stones with indices i a... |
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You and your best friend Stripes have just landed your first high school jobs! You'll be delivering newspapers to your neighbourhood on weekends. For your services you'll be charging a set price depending on the quantity of the newspaper bundles.
The c... |
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Let's call the set of positive integers $S$ correct if the following two conditions are met:
$S \subseteq \{1, 2, \dots, n\}$;
if $a \in S$ and $b \in S$, then $|a-b| \neq x$ and $|a-b| \neq y$.
For the given values $n$, $x$, and $y$, you have to fin... |
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Vasya trains to compose crossword puzzles. He can only compose crosswords of a very simplе type so far. All of them consist of exactly six words; the words can be read only from top to bottom vertically and from the left to the right horizontally. The w... |
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There is unrest in the Galactic Senate. Several thousand solar systems have declared their intentions to leave the Republic. Master Heidi needs to select the Jedi Knights who will go on peacekeeping missions throughout the galaxy. It is well-known that ... |
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Everybody knows what an arithmetic progression is. Let us remind you just in case that an arithmetic progression is such sequence of numbers a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n} of length n, that the following condition fulfills: a_2 - a_1 = a_3 - a_2 = a_4 - a_3 = ...... |
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There are n walruses standing in a queue in an airport. They are numbered starting from the queue's tail: the 1-st walrus stands at the end of the queue and the n-th walrus stands at the beginning of the queue. The i-th walrus has the age equal to ai.
... |
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Training is indispensable for achieving good results at ICPC. Rabbit wants to win at ICPC, so he decided to practice today as well.
Today's training is to perform a very large number of calculations to improve the calculation power and raise awareness.... |
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Two tortoises named ***A*** and ***B*** must run a race. ***A*** starts with an average speed of ```720 feet per hour```.
Young ***B*** knows she runs faster than ***A***, and furthermore has not finished her cabbage.
When she starts, at last, she can ... |
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Given are integer sequences A and B of length 3N. Each of these two sequences contains three copies of each of 1, 2, \dots, N. In other words, A and B are both arrangements of (1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, \dots, N, N, N).
Tak can perform the following operation ... |
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There are $n$ districts in the town, the $i$-th district belongs to the $a_i$-th bandit gang. Initially, no districts are connected to each other.
You are the mayor of the city and want to build $n-1$ two-way roads to connect all districts (two distric... |
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For a non-negative integer N, define S(N) as the sum of the odd digits of N
plus twice the sum of the even digits of N.
For example, S(5)=5, S(456)=2*4+5+2*6=25, and S(314159)=3+1+2*4+1+5+9=27.
Define D(N) as the last digit of S(N).
So D(5)=5, D(456)=5,... |
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It is a holiday season, and Koala is decorating his house with cool lights! He owns $n$ lights, all of which flash periodically.
After taking a quick glance at them, Koala realizes that each of his lights can be described with two parameters $a_i$ and ... |
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Takahashi has many red balls and blue balls. Now, he will place them in a row.
Initially, there is no ball placed.
Takahashi, who is very patient, will do the following operation 10^{100} times:
- Place A blue balls at the end of the row of balls alrea... |
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A ski base is planned to be built in Walrusland. Recently, however, the project is still in the constructing phase. A large land lot was chosen for the construction. It contains n ski junctions, numbered from 1 to n. Initially the junctions aren't conne... |
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Ibis is fighting with a monster.
The health of the monster is H.
Ibis can cast N kinds of spells. Casting the i-th spell decreases the monster's health by A_i, at the cost of B_i Magic Points.
The same spell can be cast multiple times. There is no way o... |
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# Making Change
Complete the method that will determine the minimum number of coins needed to make change for a given amount in American currency.
Coins used will be half-dollars, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, worth 50¢, 25¢, 10¢, 5¢ and 1¢, ... |
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Write a program which reverses a given string str.
Input
str (the size of str ≤ 20) is given in a line.
Output
Print the reversed str in a line.
Example
Input
w32nimda
Output
admin23w
Read the inputs from stdin solve the problem and write t... |
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Joe has been hurt on the Internet. Now he is storming around the house, destroying everything in his path.
Joe's house has n floors, each floor is a segment of m cells. Each cell either contains nothing (it is an empty cell), or has a brick or a concre... |
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There are $n + 2$ towns located on a coordinate line, numbered from $0$ to $n + 1$. The $i$-th town is located at the point $i$.
You build a radio tower in each of the towns $1, 2, \dots, n$ with probability $\frac{1}{2}$ (these events are independent)... |
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Introduction
It's been more than 20 minutes since the negligent waiter has taken your order for the house special prime tofu steak with a side of chili fries.
Out of boredom, you start fiddling around with the condiments tray. To be efficient, you wan... |
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A sequence a=\{a_1,a_2,a_3,......\} is determined as follows:
- The first term s is given as input.
- Let f(n) be the following function: f(n) = n/2 if n is even, and f(n) = 3n+1 if n is odd.
- a_i = s when i = 1, and a_i = f(a_{i-1}) when i > 1.
Fin... |
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At the beginning of the new semester there is new schedule in the Berland State University. According to this schedule, n groups have lessons at the room 31. For each group the starting time of the lesson and the finishing time of the lesson are known. ... |
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You are given two strings x and y, both consist only of lowercase Latin letters. Let |s| be the length of string s.
Let's call a sequence a a merging sequence if it consists of exactly |x| zeros and exactly |y| ones in some order.
A merge z is produce... |
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The educational program (AHK Education) of the Aiz Broadcasting Association broadcasts a handicraft program for children, "Play with Tsukuro". This time I will make a box with sticks, but I would like to see if I can make a rectangular parallelepiped us... |
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# Definition
A number is a **_Special Number_** *if it’s digits only consist 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5*
**_Given_** a number *determine if it special number or not* .
# Warm-up (Highly recommended)
# [Playing With Numbers Series](https://www.codewars.... |
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There is a n × n grid D where each cell contains either 1 or 0.
Your task is to create a program that takes the gird data as input and computes the greatest number of consecutive 1s in either vertical, horizontal, or diagonal direction.
For example, t... |
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You are given an array $a$ consisting of $n$ positive integers.
Initially, you have an integer $x = 0$. During one move, you can do one of the following two operations: Choose exactly one $i$ from $1$ to $n$ and increase $a_i$ by $x$ ($a_i := a_i + x$... |
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A queen is the strongest chess piece. In modern chess the queen can move any number of squares in any horizontal, vertical or diagonal direction (considering that there're no other pieces on its way). The queen combines the options given to the rook and... |
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When new students come to the Specialized Educational and Scientific Centre (SESC) they need to start many things from the beginning. Sometimes the teachers say (not always unfairly) that we cannot even count. So our teachers decided to teach us arithme... |
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Print all the integers that satisfies the following in ascending order:
- Among the integers between A and B (inclusive), it is either within the K smallest integers or within the K largest integers.
-----Constraints-----
- 1 \leq A \leq B \leq 10^9
... |
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You are given an array a of length n. We define f_{a} the following way:
Initially f_{a} = 0, M = 1; for every 2 ≤ i ≤ n if a_{M} < a_{i} then we set f_{a} = f_{a} + a_{M} and then set M = i.
Calculate the sum of f_{a} over all n! permutations of ... |
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A line on the plane is described by an equation Ax + By + C = 0. You are to find any point on this line, whose coordinates are integer numbers from - 5·1018 to 5·1018 inclusive, or to find out that such points do not exist.
Input
The first line conta... |
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You are given three integers k, p_{a} and p_{b}.
You will construct a sequence with the following algorithm: Initially, start with the empty sequence. Each second, you do the following. With probability p_{a} / (p_{a} + p_{b}), add 'a' to the end of th... |
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In an embassy of a well-known kingdom an electronic queue is organised. Every person who comes to the embassy, needs to make the following three actions: show the ID, pay money to the cashier and be fingerprinted. Besides, the actions should be performe... |
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A holiday weekend is coming up,
and Hotel Bytelandia needs to find out if it has enough rooms to accommodate all potential guests.
A number of guests have made reservations.
Each reservation consists of an arrival time, and a departure time.
The hotel m... |
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The Holmes children are fighting over who amongst them is the cleverest.
Mycroft asked Sherlock and Eurus to find value of f(n), where f(1) = 1 and for n ≥ 2, f(n) is the number of distinct ordered positive integer pairs (x, y) that satisfy x + y = n a... |
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Recently Lynyrd and Skynyrd went to a shop where Lynyrd bought a permutation $p$ of length $n$, and Skynyrd bought an array $a$ of length $m$, consisting of integers from $1$ to $n$.
Lynyrd and Skynyrd became bored, so they asked you $q$ queries, each... |
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This kata is part of the collection [Mary's Puzzle Books](https://www.codewars.com/collections/marys-puzzle-books).
Mary brought home a "spot the differences" book. The book is full of a bunch of problems, and each problem consists of two strings that ... |
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Heidi and Doctor Who hopped out of the TARDIS and found themselves at EPFL in 2018. They were surrounded by stormtroopers and Darth Vader was approaching. Miraculously, they managed to escape to a nearby rebel base but the Doctor was very confused. Heid... |
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# Summation Of Primes
The sum of the primes below or equal to 10 is **2 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 17**. Find the sum of all the primes **_below or equal to the number passed in_**.
From Project Euler's [Problem #10](https://projecteuler.net/problem=10 "Project Eu... |
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Write a program which judges wheather given length of three side form a right triangle. Print "YES" if the given sides (integers) form a right triangle, "NO" if not so.
Constraints
* 1 ≤ length of the side ≤ 1,000
* N ≤ 1,000
Input
Input consists of... |
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# Task
Mr.Nam has `n` candies, he wants to put one candy in each cell of a table-box. The table-box has `r` rows and `c` columns.
Each candy was labeled by its cell number. The cell numbers are in range from 1 to N and the direction begins from right... |
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Let's call a positive integer extremely round if it has only one non-zero digit. For example, $5000$, $4$, $1$, $10$, $200$ are extremely round integers; $42$, $13$, $666$, $77$, $101$ are not.
You are given an integer $n$. You have to calculate the nu... |
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Seen from above, there is a grid-like square shaped like Figure 1. The presence or absence of "walls" on each side of this grid is represented by a sequence of 0s and 1s. Create a program that stands at point A, puts your right hand on the wall, keeps w... |
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Two children are playing tag on a number line. (In the game of tag, the child called "it" tries to catch the other child.) The child who is "it" is now at coordinate A, and he can travel the distance of V per second. The other child is now at coordinate... |
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After a long party Petya decided to return home, but he turned out to be at the opposite end of the town from his home. There are $n$ crossroads in the line in the town, and there is either the bus or the tram station at each crossroad.
The crossroads ... |
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Highway 201 is the most busy street in Rockport. Traffic cars cause a lot of hindrances to races, especially when there are a lot of them. The track which passes through this highway can be divided into $n$ sub-tracks. You are given an array $a$ where $... |
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Petya loves lucky numbers very much. Everybody knows that lucky numbers are positive integers whose decimal record contains only the lucky digits 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.
Petya has two strings a and b o... |
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Create a program that inputs the test result data of the visual acuity test and outputs the number of people who apply to each judgment based on the following visual acuity judgment table for each of the left and right eyesight.
Judgment | Sight
--- | ... |
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The Little Elephant loves numbers.
He has a positive integer x. The Little Elephant wants to find the number of positive integers d, such that d is the divisor of x, and x and d have at least one common (the same) digit in their decimal representation... |
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Recently, you found a bot to play "Rock paper scissors" with. Unfortunately, the bot uses quite a simple algorithm to play: he has a string $s = s_1 s_2 \dots s_{n}$ of length $n$ where each letter is either R, S or P.
While initializing, the bot is ch... |
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You are given an array consisting of $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$, and a positive integer $m$. It is guaranteed that $m$ is a divisor of $n$.
In a single move, you can choose any position $i$ between $1$ and $n$ and increase $a_i$ by $1$.
Let's... |
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Recently in Divanovo, a huge river locks system was built. There are now $n$ locks, the $i$-th of them has the volume of $v_i$ liters, so that it can contain any amount of water between $0$ and $v_i$ liters. Each lock has a pipe attached to it. When the... |
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There are N monsters, numbered 1, 2, ..., N.
Initially, the health of Monster i is A_i.
Below, a monster with at least 1 health is called alive.
Until there is only one alive monster, the following is repeated:
- A random alive monster attacks another ... |
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Pak Chanek plans to build a garage. He wants the garage to consist of a square and a right triangle that are arranged like the following illustration.
Define $a$ and $b$ as the lengths of two of the sides in the right triangle as shown in the illustrat... |
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problem
There are $ N $ islands numbered from $ 1 $ to $ N $.
Each island has $ N-1 $ bridges, allowing any $ 2 $ island to move to each other across several bridges.
Each bridge has durability, and the durability of the $ i $ th bridge given the input... |
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Vasya's birthday is approaching and Lena decided to sew a patterned handkerchief to him as a present. Lena chose digits from 0 to n as the pattern. The digits will form a rhombus. The largest digit n should be located in the centre. The digits should de... |
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The Super Duper Secret Meeting of the Super Duper Secret Military Squad takes place in a Super Duper Secret Place. The place is an infinite plane with introduced Cartesian coordinate system. The meeting table is represented as a rectangle whose sides ar... |
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You have m = n·k wooden staves. The i-th stave has length a_{i}. You have to assemble n barrels consisting of k staves each, you can use any k staves to construct a barrel. Each stave must belong to exactly one barrel.
Let volume v_{j} of barrel j be e... |
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People in the Tomskaya region like magic formulas very much. You can see some of them below.
Imagine you are given a sequence of positive integer numbers p_1, p_2, ..., p_{n}. Lets write down some magic formulas:$q_{i} = p_{i} \oplus(i \operatorname{mo... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
You are given two very long integers a, b (leading zeroes are allowed). You should check what number a or b is greater or determine that they are equal.
The input size is very large so don't use the reading of symbols one by one. Instead of that use th... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Today, Wet Shark is given n bishops on a 1000 by 1000 grid. Both rows and columns of the grid are numbered from 1 to 1000. Rows are numbered from top to bottom, while columns are numbered from left to right.
Wet Shark thinks that two bishops attack eac... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Vasya has recently found out what a digital root of a number is and he decided to share his knowledge with you.
Let's assume that S(n) is the sum of digits of number n, for example, S(4098) = 4 + 0 + 9 + 8 = 21. Then the digital root of number n equals... |
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