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You are playing a computer card game called Splay the Sire. Currently you are struggling to defeat the final boss of the game.
The boss battle consists of n turns. During each turn, you will get several cards. Each card has two parameters: its cost c_i... |
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This problem differs from the previous one only in the absence of the constraint on the equal length of all numbers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n.
A team of SIS students is going to make a trip on a submarine. Their target is an ancient treasure in a sunken ship ... |
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Alice is playing with some stones.
Now there are three numbered heaps of stones. The first of them contains a stones, the second of them contains b stones and the third of them contains c stones.
Each time she can do one of two operations:
1. take ... |
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Piet is one of the most known visual esoteric programming languages. The programs in Piet are constructed from colorful blocks of pixels and interpreted using pretty complicated rules. In this problem we will use a subset of Piet language with simplifie... |
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You are given two arrays of integers a_1,β¦,a_n and b_1,β¦,b_m.
Your task is to find a non-empty array c_1,β¦,c_k that is a subsequence of a_1,β¦,a_n, and also a subsequence of b_1,β¦,b_m. If there are multiple answers, find one of the smallest possible len... |
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Valeric and Valerko missed the last Euro football game, so they decided to watch the game's key moments on the Net. They want to start watching as soon as possible but the connection speed is too low. If they turn on the video right now, it will "hang u... |
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The black king is standing on a chess field consisting of 109 rows and 109 columns. We will consider the rows of the field numbered with integers from 1 to 109 from top to bottom. The columns are similarly numbered with integers from 1 to 109 from left ... |
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Manao works on a sports TV. He's spent much time watching the football games of some country. After a while he began to notice different patterns. For example, each team has two sets of uniforms: home uniform and guest uniform. When a team plays a game ... |
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<image>
Input
The first line of the input is a string (between 1 and 50 characters long, inclusive). Each character will be a letter of English alphabet, lowercase or uppercase.
The second line of the input is an integer between 0 and 26, inclusive.
... |
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In the rush of modern life, people often forget how beautiful the world is. The time to enjoy those around them is so little that some even stand in queues to several rooms at the same time in the clinic, running from one queue to another.
(Cultural no... |
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Xenia the beginner mathematician is a third year student at elementary school. She is now learning the addition operation.
The teacher has written down the sum of multiple numbers. Pupils should calculate the sum. To make the calculation easier, the su... |
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Levko loves array a1, a2, ... , an, consisting of integers, very much. That is why Levko is playing with array a, performing all sorts of operations with it. Each operation Levko performs is of one of two types:
1. Increase all elements from li to ri... |
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The bear decided to store some raspberry for the winter. He cunningly found out the price for a barrel of honey in kilos of raspberry for each of the following n days. According to the bear's data, on the i-th (1 β€ i β€ n) day, the price for one barrel o... |
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Little Chris is participating in a graph cutting contest. He's a pro. The time has come to test his skills to the fullest.
Chris is given a simple undirected connected graph with n vertices (numbered from 1 to n) and m edges. The problem is to cut it i... |
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There are five people playing a game called "Generosity". Each person gives some non-zero number of coins b as an initial bet. After all players make their bets of b coins, the following operation is repeated for several times: a coin is passed from one... |
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New Year is coming, and Jaehyun decided to read many books during 2015, unlike this year. He has n books numbered by integers from 1 to n. The weight of the i-th (1 β€ i β€ n) book is wi.
As Jaehyun's house is not large enough to have a bookshelf, he kee... |
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In this problem you will meet the simplified model of game King of Thieves.
In a new ZeptoLab game called "King of Thieves" your aim is to reach a chest with gold by controlling your character, avoiding traps and obstacles on your way.
<image>
An int... |
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You are given a sequence of n integers a1, a2, ..., an.
Determine a real number x such that the weakness of the sequence a1 - x, a2 - x, ..., an - x is as small as possible.
The weakness of a sequence is defined as the maximum value of the poorness o... |
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Polycarp is working on a new project called "Polychat". Following modern tendencies in IT, he decided, that this project should contain chat as well. To achieve this goal, Polycarp has spent several hours in front of his laptop and implemented a chat se... |
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Wet Shark asked Rat Kwesh to generate three positive real numbers x, y and z, from 0.1 to 200.0, inclusive. Wet Krash wants to impress Wet Shark, so all generated numbers will have exactly one digit after the decimal point.
Wet Shark knows Rat Kwesh wi... |
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Bearland has n cities, numbered 1 through n. Cities are connected via bidirectional roads. Each road connects two distinct cities. No two roads connect the same pair of cities.
Bear Limak was once in a city a and he wanted to go to a city b. There was ... |
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In late autumn evening n robots gathered in the cheerful company of friends. Each robot has a unique identifier β an integer from 1 to 109.
At some moment, robots decided to play the game "Snowball". Below there are the rules of this game. First, all r... |
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You are given a permutation of the numbers 1, 2, ..., n and m pairs of positions (aj, bj).
At each step you can choose a pair from the given positions and swap the numbers in that positions. What is the lexicographically maximal permutation one can get... |
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ZS the Coder has drawn an undirected graph of n vertices numbered from 0 to n - 1 and m edges between them. Each edge of the graph is weighted, each weight is a positive integer.
The next day, ZS the Coder realized that some of the weights were erased!... |
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Vasya is currently at a car rental service, and he wants to reach cinema. The film he has bought a ticket for starts in t minutes. There is a straight road of length s from the service to the cinema. Let's introduce a coordinate system so that the car r... |
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Programmers' kids solve this riddle in 5-10 minutes. How fast can you do it?
Input
The input contains a single integer n (0 β€ n β€ 2000000000).
Output
Output a single integer.
Examples
Input
11
Output
2
Input
14
Output
0
Input
61441
... |
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Arpa is taking a geometry exam. Here is the last problem of the exam.
You are given three points a, b, c.
Find a point and an angle such that if we rotate the page around the point by the angle, the new position of a is the same as the old position of... |
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Disclaimer: there are lots of untranslateable puns in the Russian version of the statement, so there is one more reason for you to learn Russian :)
Rick and Morty like to go to the ridge High Cry for crying loudly β there is an extraordinary echo. Rece... |
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You are given an undirected graph consisting of n vertices and <image> edges. Instead of giving you the edges that exist in the graph, we give you m unordered pairs (x, y) such that there is no edge between x and y, and if some pair of vertices is not l... |
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Two-gram is an ordered pair (i.e. string of length two) of capital Latin letters. For example, "AZ", "AA", "ZA" β three distinct two-grams.
You are given a string s consisting of n capital Latin letters. Your task is to find any two-gram contained in t... |
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Allen and Bessie are playing a simple number game. They both know a function f: \{0, 1\}^n β R, i. e. the function takes n binary arguments and returns a real value. At the start of the game, the variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n are all set to -1. Each roun... |
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The bloodiest battle of World War II has started. Germany and its allies have attacked the Soviet union army to gain control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in the south-western Soviet Union.The war has become intensive and the soviet union's ... |
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Professor Sharma gives the following problem to his students: given two integers X( β₯ 2) and Y( β₯ 2)
and tells them to find the smallest positive integral exponent E such that the decimal expansion of X^E begins with Y.
For example, if X = 8 and Y= 51,... |
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PowerShell had N natural numbers. He wanted to test Xenny's speed in finding the sum and difference of several numbers.
He decided to ask Xenny several questions. In each question, he gave him two positive integers L and R. He asked him to find the sum... |
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Find the number of integers between 1 and N (inclusive) that contains exactly K non-zero digits when written in base ten.
Constraints
* 1 \leq N < 10^{100}
* 1 \leq K \leq 3
Input
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N
K
O... |
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Takahashi went to an all-you-can-eat buffet with N kinds of dishes and ate all of them (Dish 1, Dish 2, \ldots, Dish N) once.
The i-th dish (1 \leq i \leq N) he ate was Dish A_i.
When he eats Dish i (1 \leq i \leq N), he gains B_i satisfaction points.... |
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There are N integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_N not less than 1. The values of a_1, a_2, ..., a_N are not known, but it is known that a_1 \times a_2 \times ... \times a_N = P.
Find the maximum possible greatest common divisor of a_1, a_2, ..., a_N.
Constraint... |
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You are given an integer sequence A of length N and an integer K. You will perform the following operation on this sequence Q times:
* Choose a contiguous subsequence of length K, then remove the smallest element among the K elements contained in the c... |
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Joisino is planning to open a shop in a shopping street.
Each of the five weekdays is divided into two periods, the morning and the evening. For each of those ten periods, a shop must be either open during the whole period, or closed during the whole p... |
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Mole decided to live in an abandoned mine. The structure of the mine is represented by a simple connected undirected graph which consists of N vertices numbered 1 through N and M edges. The i-th edge connects Vertices a_i and b_i, and it costs c_i yen (... |
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Snuke has decided to play a game, where the player runs a railway company. There are M+1 stations on Snuke Line, numbered 0 through M. A train on Snuke Line stops at station 0 and every d-th station thereafter, where d is a predetermined constant for ea... |
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We have a string X, which has an even number of characters. Half the characters are `S`, and the other half are `T`.
Takahashi, who hates the string `ST`, will perform the following operation 10^{10000} times:
* Among the occurrences of `ST` in X as (... |
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There is a 120 minute videotape with standard recording. When I set the VCR counter to 00:00:00 with the tape completely rewound and recorded in standard recording mode, I got a certain counter value. Enter this counter value (hours, minutes, seconds), ... |
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You want to go on a trip with a friend. However, friends who have a habit of spending money cannot easily save travel expenses. I don't know when my friends will go on a trip if they continue their current lives. So, if you want to travel early, you dec... |
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A trick of fate caused Hatsumi and Taku to come to know each other. To keep the encounter in memory, they decided to calculate the difference between their ages. But the difference in ages varies depending on the day it is calculated. While trying again... |
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A new type of mobile robot has been developed for environmental earth observation. It moves around on the ground, acquiring and recording various sorts of observational data using high precision sensors. Robots of this type have short range wireless com... |
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Two coordinates (a1, a2) and (b1, b2) on a two-dimensional grid of r Γ c are given. The cost of moving from a cell (e, f) to one of the cells (e + 1, f), (e-1, f), (e, f + 1), (e, f-1) is 1. And. You can also move between (e, c-1) and (e, 0), and betwee... |
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KM country has N kinds of coins and each coin has its value a_i.
The king of the country, Kita_masa, thought that the current currency system is poor, and he decided to make it beautiful by changing the values of some (possibly no) coins.
A currency s... |
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For a given polygon g, print "1" if g is a convex polygon, "0" otherwise. Here, in a convex polygon, all interior angles are less than or equal to 180 degrees.
g is represented by a sequence of points p1, p2,..., pn where line segments connecting pi an... |
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Write a program which reads a sequence of integers $A = \\{a_0, a_1, ..., a_{n-1}\\}$ and swap specified elements by a list of the following operation:
* swapRange($b, e, t$): For each integer $k$ ($0 \leq k < (e - b)$, swap element $(b + k)$ and eleme... |
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Innopolis University scientists continue to investigate the periodic table. There are nΒ·m known elements and they form a periodic table: a rectangle with n rows and m columns. Each element can be described by its coordinates (r, c) (1 β€ r β€ n, 1 β€ c β€ m... |
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You are given an array a of n integers and an integer s. It is guaranteed that n is odd.
In one operation you can either increase or decrease any single element by one. Calculate the minimum number of operations required to make the median of the array... |
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Each item in the game has a level. The higher the level is, the higher basic parameters the item has. We shall consider only the following basic parameters: attack (atk), defense (def) and resistance to different types of impact (res).
Each item belong... |
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Chouti was tired of the tedious homework, so he opened up an old programming problem he created years ago.
You are given a connected undirected graph with n vertices and m weighted edges. There are k special vertices: x_1, x_2, β¦, x_k.
Let's define th... |
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During the archaeological research in the Middle East you found the traces of three ancient religions: First religion, Second religion and Third religion. You compiled the information on the evolution of each of these beliefs, and you now wonder if the ... |
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Cengiz recently learned Fibonacci numbers and now he is studying different algorithms to find them. After getting bored of reading them, he came with his own new type of numbers that he named XORinacci numbers. He defined them as follows:
* f(0) = a... |
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Your math teacher gave you the following problem:
There are n segments on the x-axis, [l_1; r_1], [l_2; r_2], β¦, [l_n; r_n]. The segment [l; r] includes the bounds, i.e. it is a set of such x that l β€ x β€ r. The length of the segment [l; r] is equal to... |
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You're given an array a_1, β¦, a_n of n non-negative integers.
Let's call it sharpened if and only if there exists an integer 1 β€ k β€ n such that a_1 < a_2 < β¦ < a_k and a_k > a_{k+1} > β¦ > a_n. In particular, any strictly increasing or strictly decreas... |
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You want to perform the combo on your opponent in one popular fighting game. The combo is the string s consisting of n lowercase Latin letters. To perform the combo, you have to press all buttons in the order they appear in s. I.e. if s="abca" then you ... |
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Polycarp has recently created a new level in this cool new game Berlio Maker 85 and uploaded it online. Now players from all over the world can try his level.
All levels in this game have two stats to them: the number of plays and the number of clears.... |
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The statement of this problem is the same as the statement of problem C1. The only difference is that, in problem C1, n is always even, and in C2, n is always odd.
You are given a regular polygon with 2 β
n vertices (it's convex and has equal sides and... |
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You are given an integer n. In one move, you can either multiply n by two or divide n by 6 (if it is divisible by 6 without the remainder).
Your task is to find the minimum number of moves needed to obtain 1 from n or determine if it's impossible to do... |
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You are given an array a of n integers.
You want to make all elements of a equal to zero by doing the following operation exactly three times:
* Select a segment, for each number in this segment we can add a multiple of len to it, where len is the l... |
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Ori and Sein have overcome many difficult challenges. They finally lit the Shrouded Lantern and found Gumon Seal, the key to the Forlorn Ruins. When they tried to open the door to the ruins... nothing happened.
Ori was very surprised, but Sein gave the... |
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After his wife's tragic death, Eurydice, Orpheus descended to the realm of death to see her. Reaching its gates was uneasy, but passing through them proved to be even more challenging. Mostly because of Cerberus, the three-headed hound of Hades.
Orphe... |
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A permutation β is a sequence of length n integers from 1 to n, in which all the numbers occur exactly once. For example, [1], [3, 5, 2, 1, 4], [1, 3, 2] β permutations, and [2, 3, 2], [4, 3, 1], [0] β no.
Polycarp was recently gifted a permutation a[1... |
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In some country live wizards. They love playing with numbers.
The blackboard has two numbers written on it β a and b. The order of the numbers is not important. Let's consider a β€ b for the sake of definiteness. The players can cast one of the two spe... |
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Flatland is inhabited by pixels of three colors: red, green and blue. We know that if two pixels of different colors meet in a violent fight, only one of them survives the fight (that is, the total number of pixels decreases by one). Besides, if pixels ... |
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Some days ago, I learned the concept of LCM (least common multiple). I've played with it for several times and I want to make a big number with it.
But I also don't want to use many numbers, so I'll choose three positive integers (they don't have to be... |
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Berland Government decided to improve relations with neighboring countries. First of all, it was decided to build new roads so that from each city of Berland and neighboring countries it became possible to reach all the others. There are n cities in Ber... |
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Polycarpus is sure that his life fits the description: "first there is a white stripe, then a black one, then a white one again". So, Polycarpus is sure that this rule is going to fulfill during the next n days. Polycarpus knows that he is in for w good... |
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Pavel loves grid mazes. A grid maze is an n Γ m rectangle maze where each cell is either empty, or is a wall. You can go from one cell to another only if both cells are empty and have a common side.
Pavel drew a grid maze with all empty cells forming a... |
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You all know the Dirichlet principle, the point of which is that if n boxes have no less than n + 1 items, that leads to the existence of a box in which there are at least two items.
Having heard of that principle, but having not mastered the technique... |
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Jzzhu have n non-negative integers a1, a2, ..., an. We will call a sequence of indexes i1, i2, ..., ik (1 β€ i1 < i2 < ... < ik β€ n) a group of size k.
Jzzhu wonders, how many groups exists such that ai1 & ai2 & ... & aik = 0 (1 β€ k β€ n)? Help him and ... |
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After bracket sequences Arthur took up number theory. He has got a new favorite sequence of length n (a1, a2, ..., an), consisting of integers and integer k, not exceeding n.
This sequence had the following property: if you write out the sums of all it... |
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You've got array A, consisting of n integers and a positive integer k. Array A is indexed by integers from 1 to n.
You need to permute the array elements so that value
<image> became minimal possible. In particular, it is allowed not to change order ... |
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Peter got a new snow blower as a New Year present. Of course, Peter decided to try it immediately. After reading the instructions he realized that it does not work like regular snow blowing machines. In order to make it work, you need to tie it to some ... |
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Recently, Pari and Arya did some research about NP-Hard problems and they found the minimum vertex cover problem very interesting.
Suppose the graph G is given. Subset A of its vertices is called a vertex cover of this graph, if for each edge uv there ... |
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Polycarp starts his own business. Tomorrow will be the first working day of his car repair shop. For now the car repair shop is very small and only one car can be repaired at a given time.
Polycarp is good at marketing, so he has already collected n re... |
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Ilya is an experienced player in tic-tac-toe on the 4 Γ 4 field. He always starts and plays with Xs. He played a lot of games today with his friend Arseny. The friends became tired and didn't finish the last game. It was Ilya's turn in the game when the... |
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Stepan likes to repeat vowel letters when he writes words. For example, instead of the word "pobeda" he can write "pobeeeedaaaaa".
Sergey does not like such behavior, so he wants to write a program to format the words written by Stepan. This program mu... |
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Mister B once received a gift: it was a book about aliens, which he started read immediately. This book had c pages.
At first day Mister B read v0 pages, but after that he started to speed up. Every day, starting from the second, he read a pages more t... |
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Alex, Bob and Carl will soon participate in a team chess tournament. Since they are all in the same team, they have decided to practise really hard before the tournament. But it's a bit difficult for them because chess is a game for two players, not thr... |
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Petya and Vasya arranged a game. The game runs by the following rules. Players have a directed graph consisting of n vertices and m edges. One of the vertices contains a chip. Initially the chip is located at vertex s. Players take turns moving the chip... |
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Roy is looking for Wobbly Numbers.
An N-length wobbly number is of the form "ababababab..." and so on of length N, where a != b.
A 3-length wobbly number would be of form "aba".
Eg: 101, 121, 131, 252, 646 etc
But 111, 222, 999 etc are not 3-len... |
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In code world all genders are considered equal ( It means their is nothing like male or female). Now their are N distinct persons living in this hypothetical world. Each person can pair up with any other person or can even remain single. One day Vbhu ... |
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Print the K-th element of the following sequence of length 32:
1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 5, 2, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 14, 1, 5, 1, 5, 2, 2, 1, 15, 2, 2, 5, 4, 1, 4, 1, 51
Constraints
* 1 \leq K \leq 32
* All values in input are integers.
Input
Input is give... |
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We have N balance beams numbered 1 to N. The length of each beam is 1 meters. Snuke walks on Beam i at a speed of 1/A_i meters per second, and Ringo walks on Beam i at a speed of 1/B_i meters per second.
Snuke and Ringo will play the following game:
*... |
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Diverta City is a new city consisting of N towns numbered 1, 2, ..., N.
The mayor Ringo is planning to connect every pair of two different towns with a bidirectional road. The length of each road is undecided.
A Hamiltonian path is a path that starts ... |
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A string is called a KEYENCE string when it can be changed to `keyence` by removing its contiguous substring (possibly empty) only once.
Given a string S consisting of lowercase English letters, determine if S is a KEYENCE string.
Constraints
* The l... |
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You are given N positive integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_N.
For a non-negative integer m, let f(m) = (m\ mod\ a_1) + (m\ mod\ a_2) + ... + (m\ mod\ a_N).
Here, X\ mod\ Y denotes the remainder of the division of X by Y.
Find the maximum value of f.
Constra... |
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You are given a permutation p_1,p_2,...,p_N consisting of 1,2,..,N. You can perform the following operation any number of times (possibly zero):
Operation: Swap two adjacent elements in the permutation.
You want to have p_i β i for all 1β€iβ€N. Find the... |
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Imagine a game played on a line. Initially, the player is located at position 0 with N candies in his possession, and the exit is at position E. There are also N bears in the game. The i-th bear is located at x_i. The maximum moving speed of the player ... |
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In 20XX, the Aizu Chuo Road, which has a total distance of 58km and 6 sections from Atsushiokanomachi, Kitakata City to Minamiaizucho, is scheduled to be completed and opened.
For half a year after opening, the toll will be halved for vehicles that pas... |
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problem
Chairman K is a regular customer of the JOI pizza shop in the center of JOI city. For some reason, he decided to start a life-saving life this month. So he wanted to order the pizza with the highest calories per dollar among the pizzas he could... |
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Problem
KND is a student programmer at the University of Aizu. His chest is known to be very sexy.
<image>
For simplicity, the part of the skin that can be seen from the chest is represented by the isosceles triangle ABC in the figure. However, due ... |
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The King of a little Kingdom on a little island in the Pacific Ocean frequently has childish ideas. One day he said, βYou shall make use of a message relaying game when you inform me of something.β In response to the Kingβs statement, six servants were ... |
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Example
Input
ACM
Output
0
The input will be give
Read the inputs from stdin solve the problem and write the answer to stdout (do not directly test on the sample inputs). Enclose your code within ```python delimiters. |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
A rabbit is playing a role-playing game. Just before entering the castle, he was ambushed by an enemy!
It was a battle between one hero operated by a rabbit and n enemies. Each character has four stats, health hi, attack power ai, defense power di, and... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
D: The Diversity of Prime Factorization
Problem
Ebi-chan has the FACTORIZATION MACHINE, which can factorize natural numbers M (greater than 1) in O ($ \ log $ M) time! But unfortunately, the machine could display only digits and white spaces.
In gene... |
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