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Sereja loves number sequences very much. That's why he decided to make himself a new one following a certain algorithm.
Sereja takes a blank piece of paper. Then he starts writing out the sequence in m stages. Each time he either adds a new number to t... |
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Iahub is very proud of his recent discovery, propagating trees. Right now, he invented a new tree, called xor-tree. After this new revolutionary discovery, he invented a game for kids which uses xor-trees.
The game is played on a tree having n nodes, n... |
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Jzzhu is the president of country A. There are n cities numbered from 1 to n in his country. City 1 is the capital of A. Also there are m roads connecting the cities. One can go from city ui to vi (and vise versa) using the i-th road, the length of this... |
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One way to create task is to learn from game. You should pick a game and focus on part of the mechanic of that game, then it might be a good task.
Let's have a try. Puzzle and Dragon was a popular game in Japan, we focus on the puzzle part of that game... |
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Vasya became interested in bioinformatics. He's going to write an article about similar cyclic DNA sequences, so he invented a new method for determining the similarity of cyclic sequences.
Let's assume that strings s and t have the same length n, then... |
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Do you know a story about the three musketeers? Anyway, you will learn about its origins now.
Richelimakieu is a cardinal in the city of Bearis. He is tired of dealing with crime by himself. He needs three brave warriors to help him to fight against ba... |
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Edo has got a collection of n refrigerator magnets!
He decided to buy a refrigerator and hang the magnets on the door. The shop can make the refrigerator with any size of the door that meets the following restrictions: the refrigerator door must be rec... |
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During a New Year special offer the "Sudislavl Bars" offered n promo codes. Each promo code consists of exactly six digits and gives right to one free cocktail at the bar "Mosquito Shelter". Of course, all the promocodes differ.
As the "Mosquito Shelte... |
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zscoder loves simple strings! A string t is called simple if every pair of adjacent characters are distinct. For example ab, aba, zscoder are simple whereas aa, add are not simple.
zscoder is given a string s. He wants to change a minimum number of cha... |
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ZS the Coder and Chris the Baboon has explored Udayland for quite some time. They realize that it consists of n towns numbered from 1 to n.
There are n directed roads in the Udayland. i-th of them goes from town i to some other town ai (ai β i). ZS th... |
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Vasiliy has an exam period which will continue for n days. He has to pass exams on m subjects. Subjects are numbered from 1 to m.
About every day we know exam for which one of m subjects can be passed on that day. Perhaps, some day you can't pass any e... |
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Little Nastya has a hobby, she likes to remove some letters from word, to obtain another word. But it turns out to be pretty hard for her, because she is too young. Therefore, her brother Sergey always helps her.
Sergey gives Nastya the word t and want... |
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In the evening Polycarp decided to analyze his today's travel expenses on public transport.
The bus system in the capital of Berland is arranged in such a way that each bus runs along the route between two stops. Each bus has no intermediate stops. So ... |
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As Will is stuck in the Upside Down, he can still communicate with his mom, Joyce, through the Christmas lights (he can turn them on and off with his mind). He can't directly tell his mom where he is, because the monster that took him to the Upside Down... |
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Throughout Igor K.'s life he has had many situations worthy of attention. We remember the story with the virus, the story of his mathematical career and of course, his famous programming achievements. However, one does not always adopt new hobbies, one ... |
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A lot of frogs want to cross a river. A river is w units width, but frogs can only jump l units long, where l < w. Frogs can also jump on lengths shorter than l. but can't jump longer. Hopefully, there are some stones in the river to help them.
The sto... |
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Nastya received one more array on her birthday, this array can be used to play a traditional Byteland game on it. However, to play the game the players should first select such a subsegment of the array that <image>, where p is the product of all intege... |
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Several drivers had lined up for the Drag Racing Competition at the Tokyo Drift Street. Dom had organized the competition, but he was not available during all the races and hence he did not know their results. In the drag race match, 2 drivers race agai... |
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Everyone who is involved with HackerEarth in what so ever form knows who Little Kuldeep is. He's not so little, but he's called that. (No one knows why!) He's pretty efficient at organizing, mentoring, managing various hiring challenges, contests happen... |
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Betty had invited her friends over for breakfast. Being great at tongue twisters, Betty decides to have some fun with the others by making them repeat one of her tongue twisters while she made the sandwich.
Betty bought a bit of butter, but the butter ... |
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Fatal Eagle has decided to do something to save his favorite city against the attack of Mr. XYZ, since no one else surprisingly seems bothered about it, and are just suffering through various attacks by various different creatures.
Seeing Fatal Eagle'... |
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Takahashi has a string S consisting of lowercase English letters.
Starting with this string, he will produce a new one in the procedure given as follows.
The procedure consists of Q operations. In Operation i (1 \leq i \leq Q), an integer T_i is provi... |
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You are given a tree with N vertices 1,2,\ldots,N, and positive integers c_1,c_2,\ldots,c_N. The i-th edge in the tree (1 \leq i \leq N-1) connects Vertex a_i and Vertex b_i.
We will write a positive integer on each vertex in T and calculate our score ... |
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There is a grid with H horizontal rows and W vertical columns. Let (i, j) denote the square at the i-th row from the top and the j-th column from the left.
For each i and j (1 \leq i \leq H, 1 \leq j \leq W), Square (i, j) is described by a character a... |
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Snuke has an integer sequence A of length N.
He will make three cuts in A and divide it into four (non-empty) contiguous subsequences B, C, D and E. The positions of the cuts can be freely chosen.
Let P,Q,R,S be the sums of the elements in B,C,D,E, re... |
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On some day in January 2018, Takaki is writing a document. The document has a column where the current date is written in `yyyy/mm/dd` format. For example, January 23, 2018 should be written as `2018/01/23`.
After finishing the document, she noticed th... |
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You are given a three-digit positive integer N.
Determine whether N is a palindromic number.
Here, a palindromic number is an integer that reads the same backward as forward in decimal notation.
Constraints
* 100β€Nβ€999
* N is an integer.
Input
Input... |
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We will call a non-negative integer increasing if, for any two adjacent digits in its decimal representation, the digit to the right is greater than or equal to the digit to the left. For example, 1558, 11, 3 and 0 are all increasing; 10 and 20170312 ar... |
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This contest is `CODEFESTIVAL`, which can be shortened to the string `CF` by deleting some characters.
Mr. Takahashi, full of curiosity, wondered if he could obtain `CF` from other strings in the same way.
You are given a string s consisting of upperc... |
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Create a program that reads the attendance numbers of students in a class and the data that stores the ABO blood group and outputs the number of people for each blood type. There are four types of ABO blood types: A, B, AB, and O.
Input
A comma-sepa... |
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Dr. A of the Aizu Institute of Biological Research discovered a mysterious insect on a certain southern island. The shape is elongated like a hornworm, but since one segment is shaped like a ball, it looks like a beaded ball connected by a thread. What ... |
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At the pancake shop you work for, pancake dough is lined up in a row on an elongated iron plate and baked. Pancakes can be completed by turning them over with a spatula several times. How many times you turn it over to complete it depends on the pancake... |
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Illumination
Illuminations are displayed in the corridors every year at the JOI High School Cultural Festival. The illuminations consist of N light bulbs, which are lined up in a row from the west side to the east side of the corridor. Each light bulb ... |
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In the good old days, the Internet was free from fears and terrorism. People did not have to worry about any cyber criminals or mad computer scientists. Today, however, you are facing atrocious crackers wherever you are, unless being disconnected. You h... |
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In the year 2xxx, an expedition team landing on a planet found strange objects made by an ancient species living on that planet. They are transparent boxes containing opaque solid spheres (Figure 1). There are also many lithographs which seem to contain... |
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Problem J String Puzzle
Amazing Coding Magazine is popular among young programmers for its puzzle solving contests offering catchy digital gadgets as the prizes. The magazine for programmers naturally encourages the readers to solve the puzzles by writ... |
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International Christmas Present Company (ICPC) is a company to employ Santa and deliver presents on Christmas. Many parents request ICPC to deliver presents to their children at specified time of December 24. Although same Santa can deliver two or more ... |
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Now I have a card with n numbers on it. Consider arranging some or all of these appropriately to make numbers. Find the number obtained by adding all the numbers created at this time.
For example, if you have 1 and 2, you will get 4 numbers 1, 2, 12, 2... |
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Problem Statement
JAG Kingdom is a strange kingdom such that its $N$ cities are connected only by one-way roads. The $N$ cities are numbered $1$ through $N$. ICPC (International Characteristic Product Corporation) transports its products from the facto... |
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Write a program which reads an integer n and draws a Koch curve based on recursive calles of depth n.
The Koch curve is well known as a kind of fractals.
You can draw a Koch curve in the following algorithm:
* Divide a given segment (p1, p2) into thr... |
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In Conway's Game of Life, cells in a grid are used to simulate biological cells.
Each cell is considered to be either alive or dead.
At each step of the simulation
each cell's current status and number of living neighbors is used to determine the status... |
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Astronaut Natasha arrived on Mars. She knows that the Martians are very poor aliens. To ensure a better life for the Mars citizens, their emperor decided to take tax from every tourist who visited the planet. Natasha is the inhabitant of Earth, therefor... |
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Petya loves lucky numbers. We all know that lucky numbers are the positive integers whose decimal representations contain only the lucky digits 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.
One day Petya encountered a tree ... |
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The circle line of the Roflanpolis subway has n stations.
There are two parallel routes in the subway. The first one visits stations in order 1 β 2 β β¦ β n β 1 β 2 β β¦ (so the next stop after station x is equal to (x+1) if x < n and 1 otherwise). The s... |
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Vasya has an array a_1, a_2, ..., a_n.
You don't know this array, but he told you m facts about this array. The i-th fact is a triple of numbers t_i, l_i and r_i (0 β€ t_i β€ 1, 1 β€ l_i < r_i β€ n) and it means:
* if t_i=1 then subbarray a_{l_i}, a_{l_... |
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You are given n numbers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n. With a cost of one coin you can perform the following operation:
Choose one of these numbers and add or subtract 1 from it.
In particular, we can apply this operation to the same number several times.
We wa... |
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The only difference between easy and hard versions is constraints.
There are n kids, each of them is reading a unique book. At the end of any day, the i-th kid will give his book to the p_i-th kid (in case of i = p_i the kid will give his book to himse... |
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One day in the IT lesson Anna and Maria learned about the lexicographic order.
String x is lexicographically less than string y, if either x is a prefix of y (and x β y), or there exists such i (1 β€ i β€ min(|x|, |y|)), that xi < yi, and for any j (1 β€ ... |
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Word s of length n is called k-complete if
* s is a palindrome, i.e. s_i=s_{n+1-i} for all 1 β€ i β€ n;
* s has a period of k, i.e. s_i=s_{k+i} for all 1 β€ i β€ n-k.
For example, "abaaba" is a 3-complete word, while "abccba" is not.
Bob is give... |
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For some binary string s (i.e. each character s_i is either '0' or '1'), all pairs of consecutive (adjacent) characters were written. In other words, all substrings of length 2 were written. For each pair (substring of length 2), the number of '1' (ones... |
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Danny, the local Math Maniac, is fascinated by circles, Omkar's most recent creation. Help him solve this circle problem!
You are given n nonnegative integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n arranged in a circle, where n must be odd (ie. n-1 is divisible by 2). For... |
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n fishermen have just returned from a fishing vacation. The i-th fisherman has caught a fish of weight a_i.
Fishermen are going to show off the fish they caught to each other. To do so, they firstly choose an order in which they show their fish (each f... |
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Polycarp was given an array of a[1 ... n] of n integers. He can perform the following operation with the array a no more than n times:
* Polycarp selects the index i and adds the value a_i to one of his choice of its neighbors. More formally, Polycar... |
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Ivan wants to have a good dinner. A good dinner should consist of a first course, a second course, a drink, and a dessert.
There are n_1 different types of first courses Ivan can buy (the i-th of them costs a_i coins), n_2 different types of second cou... |
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You are given three integers a, b and c.
Find two positive integers x and y (x > 0, y > 0) such that:
* the decimal representation of x without leading zeroes consists of a digits;
* the decimal representation of y without leading zeroes consist... |
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Polycarp has x of red and y of blue candies. Using them, he wants to make gift sets. Each gift set contains either a red candies and b blue candies, or a blue candies and b red candies. Any candy can belong to at most one gift set.
Help Polycarp to fin... |
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You are given two rectangles on a plane. The centers of both rectangles are located in the origin of coordinates (meaning the center of the rectangle's symmetry). The first rectangle's sides are parallel to the coordinate axes: the length of the side th... |
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Calendars in widespread use today include the Gregorian calendar, which is the de facto international standard, and is used almost everywhere in the world for civil purposes. The Gregorian reform modified the Julian calendar's scheme of leap years as fo... |
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You are an adventurer currently journeying inside an evil temple. After defeating a couple of weak zombies, you arrived at a square room consisting of tiles forming an n Γ n grid. The rows are numbered 1 through n from top to bottom, and the columns are... |
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Jeff's got n cards, each card contains either digit 0, or digit 5. Jeff can choose several cards and put them in a line so that he gets some number. What is the largest possible number divisible by 90 Jeff can make from the cards he's got?
Jeff must ma... |
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Imagine that there is a group of three friends: A, B and Π‘. A owes B 20 rubles and B owes C 20 rubles. The total sum of the debts is 40 rubles. You can see that the debts are not organized in a very optimal manner. Let's rearrange them like that: assume... |
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Little X has n distinct integers: p1, p2, ..., pn. He wants to divide all of them into two sets A and B. The following two conditions must be satisfied:
* If number x belongs to set A, then number a - x must also belong to set A.
* If number x bel... |
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Vova and Marina love offering puzzles to each other. Today Marina offered Vova to cope with the following task.
Vova has a non-directed graph consisting of n vertices and m edges without loops and multiple edges. Let's define the operation of contracti... |
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According to Berland laws it is only allowed to sell alcohol to people not younger than 18 years. Vasya's job is to monitor the law's enforcement. Tonight he entered a bar and saw n people sitting there. For every one of them Vasya happened to determine... |
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You are given string s consists of opening and closing brackets of four kinds <>, {}, [], (). There are two types of brackets: opening and closing. You can replace any bracket by another of the same type. For example, you can replace < by the bracket {,... |
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You're given a list of n strings a1, a2, ..., an. You'd like to concatenate them together in some order such that the resulting string would be lexicographically smallest.
Given the list of strings, output the lexicographically smallest concatenation.
... |
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In this problem we assume the Earth to be a completely round ball and its surface a perfect sphere. The length of the equator and any meridian is considered to be exactly 40 000 kilometers. Thus, travelling from North Pole to South Pole or vice versa ta... |
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Author note: I think some of you might remember the problem "Two Melodies" from Eductational Codeforces Round 22. Now it's time to make it a bit more difficult!
Alice is a composer, and recently she had recorded two tracks that became very popular. Now... |
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You are given a sequence a1, a2, ..., an consisting of different integers. It is required to split this sequence into the maximum number of subsequences such that after sorting integers in each of them in increasing order, the total sequence also will b... |
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A New Year party is not a New Year party without lemonade! As usual, you are expecting a lot of guests, and buying lemonade has already become a pleasant necessity.
Your favorite store sells lemonade in bottles of n different volumes at different costs... |
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Your friend Mishka and you attend a calculus lecture. Lecture lasts n minutes. Lecturer tells ai theorems during the i-th minute.
Mishka is really interested in calculus, though it is so hard to stay awake for all the time of lecture. You are given an ... |
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When the curtains are opened, a canvas unfolds outside. Kanno marvels at all the blonde colours along the riverside β not tangerines, but blossoms instead.
"What a pity it's already late spring," sighs Mino with regret, "one more drizzling night and th... |
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HackerMan loves playing Age of Empire. A few days ago, he discovered a variant of that game which is equally adventurous. Here, he has to capture a castle before his enemy.
The map consists of several interconnected paths in a grid pattern. He starts a... |
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The Monk is trying to explain to its users that even a single unit of time can be extremely important and to demonstrate this particular fact he gives them a challenging task.
There are N processes to be completed by you, the chosen one, since you're... |
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Its Diwali time and there are LED series lights everywhere. Little Roy got curious about how LED lights work.
He noticed that in one single LED Bulb there are 3 LED lights, namely Red, Green and Blue.
State of the bulb at any moment is the sum of Red,... |
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Prof. M went to unknown world where words are considered to be powerful according to their weights. But Prof. M doesn't know how to calculate weight of words. He will tell you a word and you have to tell its weight.
You know that weight of a word is eq... |
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Siddharth is a math geek. His only work in free time is to think of a new math problem and keep working on that. Siddharth's latest problem is to sum up digits of a number till the result is a single digit. It goes this way..
Ex: for number 123
Β Β Β Β it... |
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We have N colored balls arranged in a row from left to right; the color of the i-th ball from the left is c_i.
You are given Q queries. The i-th query is as follows: how many different colors do the l_i-th through r_i-th balls from the left have?
Cons... |
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A string S of an odd length is said to be a strong palindrome if and only if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
* S is a palindrome.
* Let N be the length of S. The string formed by the 1-st through ((N-1)/2)-th characters of S is a palindr... |
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Takahashi is at an all-you-can-eat restaurant.
The restaurant offers N kinds of dishes. It takes A_i minutes to eat the i-th dish, whose deliciousness is B_i.
The restaurant has the following rules:
* You can only order one dish at a time. The dish o... |
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There are N dots in a two-dimensional plane. The coordinates of the i-th dot are (x_i, y_i).
We will repeat the following operation as long as possible:
* Choose four integers a, b, c, d (a \neq c, b \neq d) such that there are dots at exactly three o... |
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We conducted a survey on newspaper subscriptions. More specifically, we asked each of the N respondents the following two questions:
* Question 1: Are you subscribing to Newspaper X?
* Question 2: Are you subscribing to Newspaper Y?
As the result, A... |
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In Takahashi Kingdom, there is a east-west railroad and N cities along it, numbered 1, 2, 3, ..., N from west to east. A company called AtCoder Express possesses M trains, and the train i runs from City L_i to City R_i (it is possible that L_i = R_i). T... |
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We have an N \times N square grid.
We will paint each square in the grid either black or white.
If we paint exactly A squares white, how many squares will be painted black?
Constraints
* 1 \leq N \leq 100
* 0 \leq A \leq N^2
Inputs
Input is given ... |
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There are four points: $A(x_1, y_1)$, $B(x_2, y_2)$, $C(x_3, y_3)$, and $D(x_4, y_4)$. Write a program which determines whether the line $AB$ and the line $CD$ are parallel. If those two lines are parallel, your program should prints "YES" and if not pr... |
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I decided to do bowling as a recreation of the class. Create a program that inputs the pitching information for each participant and outputs the grade information in descending order of score. If there is a tie, output in ascending order of student ID n... |
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There is the word heuristics. It's a relatively simple approach that usually works, although there is no guarantee that it will work. The world is full of heuristics because it is simple and powerful.
Some examples of heuristics include: In an anime pr... |
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Problem
Gaccho owns a field separated by W horizontal x H vertical squares. The cell in the x-th column and the y-th row is called the cell (x, y). Only one plant with a height of 0 cm is planted on the land of some trout, and nothing is planted on the... |
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Problem Statement
"Everlasting -One-" is an award-winning online game launched this year. This game has rapidly become famous for its large number of characters you can play.
In this game, a character is characterized by attributes. There are $N$ attr... |
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Example
Input
2 2 2 1
0 0 0
Output
24
The input will be give
Read the inputs from stdin solve the problem and write the answer to stdout (do not directly test on the sample inputs). Enclose your code within ```python delimiters. |
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Write a program which reads three integers a, b and c, and prints "Yes" if a < b < c, otherwise "No".
Constraints
* 0 β€ a, b, c β€ 100
Input
Three integers a, b and c separated by a single space are given in a line.
Output
Print "Yes" or "No" in a ... |
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You are given a bracket sequence s (not necessarily a regular one). A bracket sequence is a string containing only characters '(' and ')'.
A regular bracket sequence is a bracket sequence that can be transformed into a correct arithmetic expression by ... |
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JATC and his friend Giraffe are currently in their room, solving some problems. Giraffe has written on the board an array a_1, a_2, ..., a_n of integers, such that 1 β€ a_1 < a_2 < β¦ < a_n β€ 10^3, and then went to the bathroom.
JATC decided to prank his... |
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This is an interactive problem.
Vasya and Petya are going to play the following game: Petya has some positive integer number a. After that Vasya should guess this number using the following questions. He can say a pair of non-negative integer numbers (... |
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You still have partial information about the score during the historic football match. You are given a set of pairs (a_i, b_i), indicating that at some point during the match the score was "a_i: b_i". It is known that if the current score is Β«x:yΒ», then... |
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During a break in the buffet of the scientific lyceum of the Kingdom of Kremland, there was formed a queue of n high school students numbered from 1 to n. Initially, each student i is on position i. Each student i is characterized by two numbers β a_i a... |
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A palindrome is a string t which reads the same backward as forward (formally, t[i] = t[|t| + 1 - i] for all i β [1, |t|]). Here |t| denotes the length of a string t. For example, the strings 010, 1001 and 0 are palindromes.
You have n binary strings s... |
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Polycarp has three sisters: Alice, Barbara, and Cerene. They're collecting coins. Currently, Alice has a coins, Barbara has b coins and Cerene has c coins. Recently Polycarp has returned from the trip around the world and brought n coins.
He wants to d... |
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Screen resolution of Polycarp's monitor is a Γ b pixels. Unfortunately, there is one dead pixel at his screen. It has coordinates (x, y) (0 β€ x < a, 0 β€ y < b). You can consider columns of pixels to be numbered from 0 to a-1, and rows β from 0 to b-1.
... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
The game of Berland poker is played with a deck of n cards, m of which are jokers. k players play this game (n is divisible by k).
At the beginning of the game, each player takes n/k cards from the deck (so each card is taken by exactly one player). Th... |
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