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Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a grid of N rows and M columns. The square at the i-th row and j-th column will be denoted as (i,j). A nonnegative integer A_{i,j} is written for each square (i,j). You choose some of the squares so that each row and column contains at mo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Takahashi the Jumbo will practice golf. His objective is to get a carry distance that is a multiple of K, while he can only make a carry distance of between A and B (inclusive). If he can achieve the objective, print `OK`; if he cannot, print `NG`. C...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given is a tree T with N vertices. The i-th edge connects Vertex A_i and B_i (1 \leq A_i,B_i \leq N). Now, each vertex is painted black with probability 1/2 and white with probability 1/2, which is chosen independently from other vertices. Then, let S ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We have a sequence p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_N} which is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ N}. You can perform the following operation at most once: choose integers i and j (1 \leq i < j \leq N), and swap p_i and p_j. Note that you can also choose not to ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. In the Ancient Kingdom of Snuke, there was a pyramid to strengthen the authority of Takahashi, the president of AtCoder Inc. The pyramid had center coordinates (C_X, C_Y) and height H. The altitude of coordinates (X, Y) is max(H - |X - C_X| - |Y - C_Y|,...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Gotou just received a dictionary. However, he doesn't recognize the language used in the dictionary. He did some analysis on the dictionary and realizes that the dictionary contains all possible diverse words in lexicographical order. A word is called ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Find the largest square number not exceeding N. Here, a square number is an integer that can be represented as the square of an integer. Constraints * 1 \leq N \leq 10^9 * N is an integer. Input Input is given from Standard Input in the following fo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Based on some criterion, Snuke divided the integers from 1 through 12 into three groups as shown in the figure below. Given two integers x and y (1 ≤ x < y ≤ 12), determine whether they belong to the same group. b4ab979900ed647703389d4349eb84ee.png Co...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Takahashi and Aoki are going to together construct a sequence of integers. First, Takahashi will provide a sequence of integers a, satisfying all of the following conditions: * The length of a is N. * Each element in a is an integer between 1 and K, i...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Evi has N integers a_1,a_2,..,a_N. His objective is to have N equal integers by transforming some of them. He may transform each integer at most once. Transforming an integer x into another integer y costs him (x-y)^2 dollars. Even if a_i=a_j (i≠j), he...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Stellar history 2005.11.5. You are about to engage an enemy spacecraft as the captain of the UAZ Advance spacecraft. Fortunately, the enemy spaceship is still unnoticed. In addition, the space coordinates of the enemy are already known, and the "feather...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A witch named Marie lived deep in a remote forest. Since she is a witch, she magically covers everything she needs to live, such as food, water, and fuel. Her magic is activated by drawing a magic circle using some magical stones and strings. This magi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given a string consisting of only numbers from 0 to 9, consider the operation of creating a new string from that string according to the following rules. Read the given string one character at a time from the left end. Go, if the same number a continues...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Hierarchical Democracy The presidential election in Republic of Democratia is carried out through multiple stages as follows. 1. There are exactly two presidential candidates. 2. At the first stage, eligible voters go to the polls of his/her electoral...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Many cats live on the campus of a school. Natsume's daily routine is to pet those cats. However, the cats may be capricious and go for a walk off campus. The campus site is a rectangle with each side parallel to the x-axis or y-axis and is surrounded b...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Example Input 3 ()(()(( ))()()(() )())(()) Output Yes The input will be give Read the inputs from stdin solve the problem and write the answer to stdout (do not directly test on the sample inputs). Enclose your code within ```python delimiters.
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. D: Country In Distortion- story Alice was completely bored. This is because the White Rabbit, who is always playing with him, is out to Trump Castle. (Ah, I wish I had gone out with him in this case.) Alice thought. However, this is a country of disto...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. F: MOD Rush problem Given a positive integer sequence A of length N and a positive integer sequence B of length M. For all (i, j) (1 \ leq i \ leq N, 1 \ leq j \ leq M), find the remainder of A_i divided by B_j and output the sum of them. Input form...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Run, Twins E869120 You started running from home to school at a speed of $ P $ meters per minute. square1001 noticed E869120's forgotten thing $ A $ minutes after E869120 left home and chased at $ Q $ meters per minute. Then E869120 noticed something...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Write a program which manipulates a sequence $A$ = {$a_0, a_1, ..., a_{n-1}$} with the following operations: * $update(s, t, x)$: change $a_s, a_{s+1}, ..., a_t$ to $x$. * $getSum(s, t)$: print the sum of $a_s, a_{s+1}, ..., a_t$. Note that the init...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Did you know that the yummy golden triangle was introduced in India as early as 13th century ? By the way, I'm referring to the popular South Asian snack, Samosa. I guess its hard to code while thinking of Samosa, especially if you are very hungry now ;...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given two strings a and b consisting of lowercase English letters, both of length n. The characters of both strings have indices from 1 to n, inclusive. You are allowed to do the following changes: * Choose any index i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) and swap...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. XXI Berland Annual Fair is coming really soon! Traditionally fair consists of n booths, arranged in a circle. The booths are numbered 1 through n clockwise with n being adjacent to 1. The i-th booths sells some candies for the price of a_i burles per it...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Three years have passes and nothing changed. It is still raining in London, and Mr. Black has to close all the doors in his home in order to not be flooded. Once, however, Mr. Black became so nervous that he opened one door, then another, then one more ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This problem is a version of problem D from the same contest with some additional constraints and tasks. There are n candies in a candy box. The type of the i-th candy is a_i (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n). You have to prepare a gift using some of these candies with ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an array a_1, a_2, …, a_n. In one operation you can choose two elements a_i and a_j (i ≠ j) and decrease each of them by one. You need to check whether it is possible to make all the elements equal to zero or not. Input The first line ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This problem is different from the hard version. In this version Ujan makes exactly one exchange. You can hack this problem only if you solve both problems. After struggling and failing many times, Ujan decided to try to clean up his house again. He de...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Recall that the permutation is an array consisting of n distinct integers from 1 to n in arbitrary order. For example, [2,3,1,5,4] is a permutation, but [1,2,2] is not a permutation (2 appears twice in the array) and [1,3,4] is also not a permutation (n...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a string s. You can build new string p from s using the following operation no more than two times: 1. choose any subsequence s_{i_1}, s_{i_2}, ..., s_{i_k} where 1 ≤ i_1 < i_2 < ... < i_k ≤ |s|; 2. erase the chosen subsequence from...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given three integers n, k, m and m conditions (l_1, r_1, x_1), (l_2, r_2, x_2), ..., (l_m, r_m, x_m). Calculate the number of distinct arrays a, consisting of n integers such that: * 0 ≤ a_i < 2^k for each 1 ≤ i ≤ n; * bitwise AND of num...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This is an interactive problem. John and his imaginary friend play a game. There are n lamps arranged in a circle. Lamps are numbered 1 through n in clockwise order, that is, lamps i and i + 1 are adjacent for any i = 1, …, n - 1, and also lamps n and ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vera adores poems. All the poems Vera knows are divided into quatrains (groups of four lines) and in each quatrain some lines contain rhymes. Let's consider that all lines in the poems consist of lowercase Latin letters (without spaces). Letters "a", "...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an undirected graph consisting of n vertices and n edges. It is guaranteed that the given graph is connected (i. e. it is possible to reach any vertex from any other vertex) and there are no self-loops and multiple edges in the graph. You...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Long time ago there was a symmetric array a_1,a_2,…,a_{2n} consisting of 2n distinct integers. Array a_1,a_2,…,a_{2n} is called symmetric if for each integer 1 ≤ i ≤ 2n, there exists an integer 1 ≤ j ≤ 2n such that a_i = -a_j. For each integer 1 ≤ i ≤ ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. <image> <image> *The two images are equivalent, feel free to use either one. Input The input contains a single integer a (-100 ≤ a ≤ 100). Output Output the result – an integer number. Example Input 1 Output 1 The input will be give Read ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Last summer Peter was at his granny's in the country, when a wolf attacked sheep in the nearby forest. Now he fears to walk through the forest, to walk round the forest, even to get out of the house. He explains this not by the fear of the wolf, but by ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Consider some square matrix A with side n consisting of zeros and ones. There are n rows numbered from 1 to n from top to bottom and n columns numbered from 1 to n from left to right in this matrix. We'll denote the element of the matrix which is locate...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Once at a team training Vasya, Petya and Sasha got a problem on implementing linear search in an array. According to the boys, linear search works as follows. The array elements in a pre-selected order are in turn compared with the number that you need...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Joe has been hurt on the Internet. Now he is storming around the house, destroying everything in his path. Joe's house has n floors, each floor is a segment of m cells. Each cell either contains nothing (it is an empty cell), or has a brick or a concre...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Having written another programming contest, three Rabbits decided to grab some lunch. The coach gave the team exactly k time units for the lunch break. The Rabbits have a list of n restaurants to lunch in: the i-th restaurant is characterized by two in...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Yaroslav, Andrey and Roman can play cubes for hours and hours. But the game is for three, so when Roman doesn't show up, Yaroslav and Andrey play another game. Roman leaves a word for each of them. Each word consists of 2·n binary characters "0" or "1...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Mashmokh's boss, Bimokh, didn't like Mashmokh. So he fired him. Mashmokh decided to go to university and participate in ACM instead of finding a new job. He wants to become a member of Bamokh's team. In order to join he was given some programming tasks ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Valera is a collector. Once he wanted to expand his collection with exactly one antique item. Valera knows n sellers of antiques, the i-th of them auctioned ki items. Currently the auction price of the j-th object of the i-th seller is sij. Valera gets...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Caisa solved the problem with the sugar and now he is on the way back to home. Caisa is playing a mobile game during his path. There are (n + 1) pylons numbered from 0 to n in this game. The pylon with number 0 has zero height, the pylon with number i...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A monster is attacking the Cyberland! Master Yang, a braver, is going to beat the monster. Yang and the monster each have 3 attributes: hitpoints (HP), offensive power (ATK) and defensive power (DEF). During the battle, every second the monster's HP d...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Today Tavas got his test result as an integer score and he wants to share it with his girlfriend, Nafas. His phone operating system is Tavdroid, and its keyboard doesn't have any digits! He wants to share his score with Nafas via text, so he has no cho...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Recently, Vladimir got bad mark in algebra again. To avoid such unpleasant events in future he decided to train his arithmetic skills. He wrote four integer numbers a, b, c, d on the blackboard. During each of the next three minutes he took two numbers ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. On vacations n pupils decided to go on excursion and gather all together. They need to overcome the path with the length l meters. Each of the pupils will go with the speed equal to v1. To get to the excursion quickly, it was decided to rent a bus, whic...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Tarly has two different type of items, food boxes and wine barrels. There are f food boxes and w wine barrels. Tarly stores them in various stacks and each stack can consist of either food boxes or wine barrels but not both. The stacks are placed in a l...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are n boxes with colored balls on the table. Colors are numbered from 1 to n. i-th box contains ai balls, all of which have color i. You have to write a program that will divide all balls into sets such that: * each ball belongs to exactly one ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Unlucky year in Berland is such a year that its number n can be represented as n = xa + yb, where a and b are non-negative integer numbers. For example, if x = 2 and y = 3 then the years 4 and 17 are unlucky (4 = 20 + 31, 17 = 23 + 32 = 24 + 30) and y...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Bran and his older sister Arya are from the same house. Bran like candies so much, so Arya is going to give him some Candies. At first, Arya and Bran have 0 Candies. There are n days, at the i-th day, Arya finds ai candies in a box, that is given by th...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The annual college sports-ball tournament is approaching, which for trademark reasons we'll refer to as Third Month Insanity. There are a total of 2N teams participating in the tournament, numbered from 1 to 2N. The tournament lasts N rounds, with each ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The construction of subway in Bertown is almost finished! The President of Berland will visit this city soon to look at the new subway himself. There are n stations in the subway. It was built according to the Bertown Transport Law: 1. For each stat...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an integer m. Let M = 2m - 1. You are also given a set of n integers denoted as the set T. The integers will be provided in base 2 as n binary strings of length m. A set of integers S is called "good" if the following hold. 1. If <i...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are n walruses standing in a queue in an airport. They are numbered starting from the queue's tail: the 1-st walrus stands at the end of the queue and the n-th walrus stands at the beginning of the queue. The i-th walrus has the age equal to ai. ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Resistance is trying to take control over as many planets of a particular solar system as possible. Princess Heidi is in charge of the fleet, and she must send ships to some planets in order to maximize the number of controlled planets. The Galaxy ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Paul was the most famous character in Tekken-3. Of course he went to college and stuff. In one of the exams he wasn't able to answer a question which asked to check if a tuple of 3 non negative integers constituted a Primitive Pythagorian Triplet or not...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ed, Edd and Eddy are given an art homework. They have to prepare a banner and print a single line of text on it. They can print any text they want. Ed has decided the text that he wants to put on his banner. Lets call it string s1. But he is too lazy ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Milly loves to eat chocolates. She buys only those food items which contain some amount or percentage of chocolate in it. She has purchased N such food items and now she is planning to make a new food item by her own. She will take equal proportions of...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You want to repaint your house entirely for an upcoming occasion. The total area of your house is D units. There are a total of N workers. The i^th worker has his available time Ti, hiring cost Xi and speed Yi. This means that he is available for hiring...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an array a_0, a_1, ..., a_{N-1} of length N. Process Q queries of the following types. The type of i-th query is represented by T_i. * T_i=1: You are given two integers X_i,V_i. Replace the value of A_{X_i} with V_i. * T_i=2: You are giv...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We have a tree with N vertices, whose i-th edge connects Vertex u_i and Vertex v_i. Vertex i has an integer a_i written on it. For every integer k from 1 through N, solve the following problem: * We will make a sequence by lining up the integers writte...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We have a sequence of N \times K integers: X=(X_0,X_1,\cdots,X_{N \times K-1}). Its elements are represented by another sequence of N integers: A=(A_0,A_1,\cdots,A_{N-1}). For each pair i, j (0 \leq i \leq K-1,\ 0 \leq j \leq N-1), X_{i \times N + j}=A_...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A museum exhibits N jewels, Jewel 1, 2, ..., N. The coordinates of Jewel i are (x_i, y_i) (the museum can be regarded as a two-dimensional plane), and the value of that jewel is v_i. Snuke the thief will steal some of these jewels. There are M conditi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Takahashi is a user of a site that hosts programming contests. When a user competes in a contest, the rating of the user (not necessarily an integer) changes according to the performance of the user, as follows: * Let the current rating of the user be ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There is a pond with a rectangular shape. The pond is divided into a grid with H rows and W columns of squares. We will denote the square at the i-th row from the top and j-th column from the left by (i,\ j). Some of the squares in the pond contains a ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are N computers and N sockets in a one-dimensional world. The coordinate of the i-th computer is a_i, and the coordinate of the i-th socket is b_i. It is guaranteed that these 2N coordinates are pairwise distinct. Snuke wants to connect each comp...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Iroha is very particular about numbers. There are K digits that she dislikes: D_1, D_2, ..., D_K. She is shopping, and now paying at the cashier. Her total is N yen (the currency of Japan), thus she has to hand at least N yen to the cashier (and possib...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. I decided to plant vegetables in the vegetable garden. There were n seeds, so I sown n seeds one by one a day over n days. All seeds sprout and grow quickly. I can't wait for the harvest time. One day, when I was watering the seedlings as usual, I noti...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. problem Given a sequence of n integers a1, a2, ..., an and a positive integer k (1 ≤ k ≤ n), then the sum of k consecutive integers Si = ai + ai + Create a program that outputs the maximum value of 1 + ... + ai + k-1 (1 ≤ i ≤ n --k + 1). input The ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. When naming identifiers (variables and functions) in programming, compound words that concatenate words are used. However, if you concatenate them as they are, you will not be able to understand the word breaks, so in general, select and apply the one t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Chain Disappearance Puzzle We are playing a puzzle. An upright board with H rows by 5 columns of cells, as shown in the figure below, is used in this puzzle. A stone engraved with a digit, one of 1 through 9, is placed in each of the cells. When three ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Stylish is a programming language whose syntax comprises names, that are sequences of Latin alphabet letters, three types of grouping symbols, periods ('.'), and newlines. Grouping symbols, namely round brackets ('(' and ')'), curly brackets ('{' and '}...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are a teacher at a cram school for elementary school pupils. One day, you showed your students how to calculate division of fraction in a class of mathematics. Your lesson was kind and fluent, and it seemed everything was going so well - except for...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. An angel lives in the clouds above the city where Natsume lives. The angel, like Natsume, loves cats and often comes down to the ground to play with cats. To get down to the ground, the angel made a long, long staircase leading from the clouds to the gr...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. coastline Waves rush to the beach every second. There is data that observes and records how many meters the wave rushed beyond the reference point P every second for only T seconds. The data consists of T integers x1, ..., xT, and for each i (1 ≤ i ≤ T...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. C: Short-circuit evaluation problem Naodai-kun and Hokkaido University-kun are playing games. Hokkaido University first generates the following logical formula represented by BNF. <formula> :: = <or-expr> <or-expr> :: = <and-expr> | <or-expr> "|" <a...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given a set of $N$ axis-aligned rectangles in the plane, find the area of regions which are covered by at least one rectangle. Constraints * $ 1 \leq N \leq 2000 $ * $ −10^9 \leq x1_i < x2_i\leq 10^9 $ * $ −10^9 \leq y1_i < y2_i\leq 10^9 $ Input The...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There is an array with n elements a1, a2, ..., an and the number x. In one operation you can select some i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) and replace element ai with ai & x, where & denotes the [bitwise and](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#AND) operation....
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You invited n guests to dinner! You plan to arrange one or more circles of chairs. Each chair is going to be either occupied by one guest, or be empty. You can make any number of circles. Your guests happen to be a little bit shy, so the i-th guest wa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vova has won n trophies in different competitions. Each trophy is either golden or silver. The trophies are arranged in a row. The beauty of the arrangement is the length of the longest subsegment consisting of golden trophies. Vova wants to swap two t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a tree consisting of n vertices. A number is written on each vertex; the number on vertex i is equal to a_i. Let's denote the function g(x, y) as the greatest common divisor of the numbers written on the vertices belonging to the simple p...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Petya got interested in grammar on his third year in school. He invented his own language called Petya's. Petya wanted to create a maximally simple language that would be enough to chat with friends, that's why all the language's grammar can be describe...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Let's call beauty of an array b_1, b_2, …, b_n (n > 1) — min_{1 ≤ i < j ≤ n} |b_i - b_j|. You're given an array a_1, a_2, … a_n and a number k. Calculate the sum of beauty over all subsequences of the array of length exactly k. As this number can be ve...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Your program fails again. This time it gets "Wrong answer on test 233" . This is the easier version of the problem. In this version 1 ≤ n ≤ 2000. You can hack this problem only if you solve and lock both problems. The problem is about a test containi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. [THE SxPLAY & KIVΛ - 漂流](https://soundcloud.com/kivawu/hyouryu) [KIVΛ & Nikki Simmons - Perspectives](https://soundcloud.com/kivawu/perspectives) With a new body, our idol Aroma White (or should we call her Kaori Minamiya?) begins to uncover her lost ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Suppose you are performing the following algorithm. There is an array v_1, v_2, ..., v_n filled with zeroes at start. The following operation is applied to the array several times — at i-th step (0-indexed) you can: * either choose position pos (1 ≤...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Young wilderness explorers set off to their first expedition led by senior explorer Russell. Explorers went into a forest, set up a camp and decided to split into groups to explore as much interesting locations as possible. Russell was trying to form gr...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. While playing yet another strategy game, Mans has recruited n [Swedish heroes](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5sGOwFVUU0I), whose powers which can be represented as an array a. Unfortunately, not all of those mighty heroes were created as capable as h...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Once upon a time in the Kingdom of Far Far Away lived Sir Lancelot, the chief Royal General. He was very proud of his men and he liked to invite the King to come and watch drill exercises which demonstrated the fighting techniques and tactics of the squ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There is a trampoline park with n trampolines in a line. The i-th of which has strength S_i. Pekora can jump on trampolines in multiple passes. She starts the pass by jumping on any trampoline of her choice. If at the moment Pekora jumps on trampolin...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given 2 arrays a and b, both of size n. You can swap two elements in b at most once (or leave it as it is), and you are required to minimize the value $$$∑_{i}|a_{i}-b_{i}|.$$$ Find the minimum possible value of this sum. Input The first line...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. One must train much to do well on wizardry contests. So, there are numerous wizardry schools and magic fees. One of such magic schools consists of n tours. A winner of each tour gets a huge prize. The school is organised quite far away, so one will hav...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Let's denote d(n) as the number of divisors of a positive integer n. You are given three integers a, b and c. Your task is to calculate the following sum: <image> Find the sum modulo 1073741824 (230). Input The first line contains three space-separa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya has n items lying in a line. The items are consecutively numbered by numbers from 1 to n in such a way that the leftmost item has number 1, the rightmost item has number n. Each item has a weight, the i-th item weights wi kilograms. Vasya needs t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Many countries have such a New Year or Christmas tradition as writing a letter to Santa including a wish list for presents. Vasya is an ordinary programmer boy. Like all ordinary boys, he is going to write the letter to Santa on the New Year Eve (we Rus...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Let's assume that we are given a matrix b of size x × y, let's determine the operation of mirroring matrix b. The mirroring of matrix b is a 2x × y matrix c which has the following properties: * the upper half of matrix c (rows with numbers from 1 to...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Anfisa the monkey learns to type. She is yet unfamiliar with the "space" key and can only type in lower-case Latin letters. Having typed for a fairly long line, Anfisa understood that it would be great to divide what she has written into k lines not sho...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Last week, Hamed learned about a new type of equations in his math class called Modular Equations. Lets define i modulo j as the remainder of division of i by j and denote it by <image>. A Modular Equation, as Hamed's teacher described, is an equation o...