gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-11800 | 56fae8008f12f31900630297 | Somalis | In the martial arts, Faisal Jeylani Aweys and Mohamed Deq Abdulle also took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup in Tongeren. The Somali National Olympic committee has devised a special support program to ensure continued success in future tournaments. Additionally, Mohamed Jama has won both world and European titles in K1 and Thai Boxing. | Who came in fourth in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup? | Who came in fourth in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup? | [
"Who came in fourth in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mohamed Deq Abdulle"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11801 | 56fae8008f12f31900630298 | Somalis | In the martial arts, Faisal Jeylani Aweys and Mohamed Deq Abdulle also took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup in Tongeren. The Somali National Olympic committee has devised a special support program to ensure continued success in future tournaments. Additionally, Mohamed Jama has won both world and European titles in K1 and Thai Boxing. | What medal did Faisal Jeylani Aweys win in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup? | What medal did Faisal Jeylani Aweys win in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup? | [
"What medal did Faisal Jeylani Aweys win in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup?"
] | {
"text": [
"silver"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11802 | 56fae8008f12f31900630299 | Somalis | In the martial arts, Faisal Jeylani Aweys and Mohamed Deq Abdulle also took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup in Tongeren. The Somali National Olympic committee has devised a special support program to ensure continued success in future tournaments. Additionally, Mohamed Jama has won both world and European titles in K1 and Thai Boxing. | Where did the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup take place? | Where did the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup take place? | [
"Where did the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup take place?"
] | {
"text": [
"Tongeren"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11803 | 56fae8008f12f3190063029a | Somalis | In the martial arts, Faisal Jeylani Aweys and Mohamed Deq Abdulle also took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup in Tongeren. The Somali National Olympic committee has devised a special support program to ensure continued success in future tournaments. Additionally, Mohamed Jama has won both world and European titles in K1 and Thai Boxing. | Along with Thai Boxing, in what has Mohamed Jama won a European title? | Along with Thai Boxing, in what has Mohamed Jama won a European title? | [
"Along with Thai Boxing, in what has Mohamed Jama won a European title?"
] | {
"text": [
"K1"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11804 | 56fae8528f12f3190063029f | Somalis | When not dressed in Westernized clothing such as jeans and t-shirts, Somali men typically wear the macawis, which is a sarong-like garment worn around the waist. On their heads, they often wrap a colorful turban or wear the koofiyad, an embroidered fez. | What is a koofiyad? | What is a koofiyad? | [
"What is a koofiyad?"
] | {
"text": [
"an embroidered fez"
],
"answer_start": [
234
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11805 | 56fae8528f12f319006302a0 | Somalis | When not dressed in Westernized clothing such as jeans and t-shirts, Somali men typically wear the macawis, which is a sarong-like garment worn around the waist. On their heads, they often wrap a colorful turban or wear the koofiyad, an embroidered fez. | What do Somali men wear when they aren't wearing Western clothing? | What do Somali men wear when they aren't wearing Western clothing? | [
"What do Somali men wear when they aren't wearing Western clothing?"
] | {
"text": [
"the macawis"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11806 | 56fae8528f12f319006302a1 | Somalis | When not dressed in Westernized clothing such as jeans and t-shirts, Somali men typically wear the macawis, which is a sarong-like garment worn around the waist. On their heads, they often wrap a colorful turban or wear the koofiyad, an embroidered fez. | Where is the macawis worn? | Where is the macawis worn? | [
"Where is the macawis worn?"
] | {
"text": [
"around the waist"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11807 | 56fae8528f12f319006302a2 | Somalis | When not dressed in Westernized clothing such as jeans and t-shirts, Somali men typically wear the macawis, which is a sarong-like garment worn around the waist. On their heads, they often wrap a colorful turban or wear the koofiyad, an embroidered fez. | What piece of clothing is the macawis similar to? | What piece of clothing is the macawis similar to? | [
"What piece of clothing is the macawis similar to?"
] | {
"text": [
"sarong"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11808 | 56fae8528f12f319006302a3 | Somalis | When not dressed in Westernized clothing such as jeans and t-shirts, Somali men typically wear the macawis, which is a sarong-like garment worn around the waist. On their heads, they often wrap a colorful turban or wear the koofiyad, an embroidered fez. | Aside from the koofiyad, what do Somali men wear on their head? | Aside from the koofiyad, what do Somali men wear on their head? | [
"Aside from the koofiyad, what do Somali men wear on their head?"
] | {
"text": [
"turban"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11809 | 56fae8b88f12f319006302a9 | Somalis | Due to Somalia's proximity to and close ties with the Arabian Peninsula, many Somali men also wear the jellabiya (jellabiyad or qamiis in Somali), a long white garment common in the Arab world. | What is the jellabiya? | What is the jellabiya? | [
"What is the jellabiya?"
] | {
"text": [
"a long white garment"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11810 | 56fae8b88f12f319006302aa | Somalis | Due to Somalia's proximity to and close ties with the Arabian Peninsula, many Somali men also wear the jellabiya (jellabiyad or qamiis in Somali), a long white garment common in the Arab world. | Along with jellabiyad, what is the jellabiya called in Somali? | Along with jellabiyad, what is the jellabiya called in Somali? | [
"Along with jellabiyad, what is the jellabiya called in Somali?"
] | {
"text": [
"qamiis"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11811 | 56fae8b88f12f319006302ab | Somalis | Due to Somalia's proximity to and close ties with the Arabian Peninsula, many Somali men also wear the jellabiya (jellabiyad or qamiis in Somali), a long white garment common in the Arab world. | In what region do men commonly wear the jellabiya? | In what region do men commonly wear the jellabiya? | [
"In what region do men commonly wear the jellabiya?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Arab world"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11812 | 56fae9108f12f319006302af | Somalis | During regular, day-to-day activities, Somali women usually wear the guntiino, a long stretch of cloth tied over the shoulder and draped around the waist. It is usually made out of alandi, which is a textile common in the Horn region and some parts of North Africa. The garment can be worn in different styles. It can also be made with other fabrics, including white cloth with gold borders. For more formal settings, such as at weddings or religious celebrations like Eid, women wear the dirac. It is a long, light, diaphanous voile dress made of silk, chiffon, taffeta or saree fabric. The gown is worn over a full-length half-slip and a brassiere. Known as the gorgorad, the underskirt is made out of silk and serves as a key part of the overall outfit. The dirac is usually sparkly and very colorful, the most popular styles being those with gilded borders or threads. The fabric is typically acquired from Somali clothing stores in tandem with the gorgorad. In the past, dirac fabric was also frequently purchased from South Asian merchandisers. | What is the regular garment of Somali women? | What is the regular garment of Somali women? | [
"What is the regular garment of Somali women?"
] | {
"text": [
"the guntiino"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11813 | 56fae9108f12f319006302b0 | Somalis | During regular, day-to-day activities, Somali women usually wear the guntiino, a long stretch of cloth tied over the shoulder and draped around the waist. It is usually made out of alandi, which is a textile common in the Horn region and some parts of North Africa. The garment can be worn in different styles. It can also be made with other fabrics, including white cloth with gold borders. For more formal settings, such as at weddings or religious celebrations like Eid, women wear the dirac. It is a long, light, diaphanous voile dress made of silk, chiffon, taffeta or saree fabric. The gown is worn over a full-length half-slip and a brassiere. Known as the gorgorad, the underskirt is made out of silk and serves as a key part of the overall outfit. The dirac is usually sparkly and very colorful, the most popular styles being those with gilded borders or threads. The fabric is typically acquired from Somali clothing stores in tandem with the gorgorad. In the past, dirac fabric was also frequently purchased from South Asian merchandisers. | What is the guntiino normally made from? | What is the guntiino normally made from? | [
"What is the guntiino normally made from?"
] | {
"text": [
"alandi"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11814 | 56fae9108f12f319006302b1 | Somalis | During regular, day-to-day activities, Somali women usually wear the guntiino, a long stretch of cloth tied over the shoulder and draped around the waist. It is usually made out of alandi, which is a textile common in the Horn region and some parts of North Africa. The garment can be worn in different styles. It can also be made with other fabrics, including white cloth with gold borders. For more formal settings, such as at weddings or religious celebrations like Eid, women wear the dirac. It is a long, light, diaphanous voile dress made of silk, chiffon, taffeta or saree fabric. The gown is worn over a full-length half-slip and a brassiere. Known as the gorgorad, the underskirt is made out of silk and serves as a key part of the overall outfit. The dirac is usually sparkly and very colorful, the most popular styles being those with gilded borders or threads. The fabric is typically acquired from Somali clothing stores in tandem with the gorgorad. In the past, dirac fabric was also frequently purchased from South Asian merchandisers. | What is the usual formal attire for Somali women? | What is the usual formal attire for Somali women? | [
"What is the usual formal attire for Somali women?"
] | {
"text": [
"the dirac"
],
"answer_start": [
485
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11815 | 56fae9108f12f319006302b2 | Somalis | During regular, day-to-day activities, Somali women usually wear the guntiino, a long stretch of cloth tied over the shoulder and draped around the waist. It is usually made out of alandi, which is a textile common in the Horn region and some parts of North Africa. The garment can be worn in different styles. It can also be made with other fabrics, including white cloth with gold borders. For more formal settings, such as at weddings or religious celebrations like Eid, women wear the dirac. It is a long, light, diaphanous voile dress made of silk, chiffon, taffeta or saree fabric. The gown is worn over a full-length half-slip and a brassiere. Known as the gorgorad, the underskirt is made out of silk and serves as a key part of the overall outfit. The dirac is usually sparkly and very colorful, the most popular styles being those with gilded borders or threads. The fabric is typically acquired from Somali clothing stores in tandem with the gorgorad. In the past, dirac fabric was also frequently purchased from South Asian merchandisers. | Along with silk, saree fabric or chiffon, what might the dirac be made out of? | Along with silk, saree fabric or chiffon, what might the dirac be made out of? | [
"Along with silk, saree fabric or chiffon, what might the dirac be made out of?"
] | {
"text": [
"taffeta"
],
"answer_start": [
563
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11816 | 56fae9108f12f319006302b3 | Somalis | During regular, day-to-day activities, Somali women usually wear the guntiino, a long stretch of cloth tied over the shoulder and draped around the waist. It is usually made out of alandi, which is a textile common in the Horn region and some parts of North Africa. The garment can be worn in different styles. It can also be made with other fabrics, including white cloth with gold borders. For more formal settings, such as at weddings or religious celebrations like Eid, women wear the dirac. It is a long, light, diaphanous voile dress made of silk, chiffon, taffeta or saree fabric. The gown is worn over a full-length half-slip and a brassiere. Known as the gorgorad, the underskirt is made out of silk and serves as a key part of the overall outfit. The dirac is usually sparkly and very colorful, the most popular styles being those with gilded borders or threads. The fabric is typically acquired from Somali clothing stores in tandem with the gorgorad. In the past, dirac fabric was also frequently purchased from South Asian merchandisers. | What is the underskirt of the dirac called? | What is the underskirt of the dirac called? | [
"What is the underskirt of the dirac called?"
] | {
"text": [
"the gorgorad"
],
"answer_start": [
660
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11817 | 56fae9bd8f12f319006302b9 | Somalis | Married women tend to sport headscarves referred to as shaash. They also often cover their upper body with a shawl, which is known as garbasaar. Unmarried or young women, however, do not always cover their heads. Traditional Arabian garb, such as the jilbab and abaya, is also commonly worn. | What is the name of the headscarf worn by married women? | What is the name of the headscarf worn by married women? | [
"What is the name of the headscarf worn by married women?"
] | {
"text": [
"shaash"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11818 | 56fae9bd8f12f319006302ba | Somalis | Married women tend to sport headscarves referred to as shaash. They also often cover their upper body with a shawl, which is known as garbasaar. Unmarried or young women, however, do not always cover their heads. Traditional Arabian garb, such as the jilbab and abaya, is also commonly worn. | What is the name of the shawl that married women wear on their upper bodies? | What is the name of the shawl that married women wear on their upper bodies? | [
"What is the name of the shawl that married women wear on their upper bodies?"
] | {
"text": [
"garbasaar"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11819 | 56fae9bd8f12f319006302bb | Somalis | Married women tend to sport headscarves referred to as shaash. They also often cover their upper body with a shawl, which is known as garbasaar. Unmarried or young women, however, do not always cover their heads. Traditional Arabian garb, such as the jilbab and abaya, is also commonly worn. | Along with abaya, what is a traditional Arab garment sometimes worn by Somali women? | Along with abaya, what is a traditional Arab garment sometimes worn by Somali women? | [
"Along with abaya, what is a traditional Arab garment sometimes worn by Somali women?"
] | {
"text": [
"the jilbab"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11820 | 56faea268f12f319006302bf | Somalis | Additionally, Somali women have a long tradition of wearing gold jewelry, particularly bangles. During weddings, the bride is frequently adorned in gold. Many Somali women by tradition also wear gold necklaces and anklets. | What is the jewelry worn by Somali women commonly made from? | What is the jewelry worn by Somali women commonly made from? | [
"What is the jewelry worn by Somali women commonly made from?"
] | {
"text": [
"gold"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11821 | 56faea268f12f319006302c0 | Somalis | Additionally, Somali women have a long tradition of wearing gold jewelry, particularly bangles. During weddings, the bride is frequently adorned in gold. Many Somali women by tradition also wear gold necklaces and anklets. | Along with anklets, what pieces of jewelry are traditionally worn by Somali women? | Along with anklets, what pieces of jewelry are traditionally worn by Somali women? | [
"Along with anklets, what pieces of jewelry are traditionally worn by Somali women?"
] | {
"text": [
"necklaces"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11822 | 56faea268f12f319006302c1 | Somalis | Additionally, Somali women have a long tradition of wearing gold jewelry, particularly bangles. During weddings, the bride is frequently adorned in gold. Many Somali women by tradition also wear gold necklaces and anklets. | What type of jewelry do Somali women wear at their weddings? | What type of jewelry do Somali women wear at their weddings? | [
"What type of jewelry do Somali women wear at their weddings?"
] | {
"text": [
"gold"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11823 | 56faea72f34c681400b0c18d | Somalis | The Somali flag is an ethnic flag conceived to represent ethnic Somalis. It was created in 1954 by the Somali scholar Mohammed Awale Liban, after he had been selected by the labour trade union of the Trust Territory of Somalia to come up with a design. Upon independence in 1960, the flag was adopted as the national flag of the nascent Somali Republic. The five-pointed Star of Unity in the flag's center represents the Somali ethnic group inhabiting the five territories in Greater Somalia. | In what year was the Somali flag invented? | In what year was the Somali flag invented? | [
"In what year was the Somali flag invented?"
] | {
"text": [
"1954"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11824 | 56faea72f34c681400b0c18e | Somalis | The Somali flag is an ethnic flag conceived to represent ethnic Somalis. It was created in 1954 by the Somali scholar Mohammed Awale Liban, after he had been selected by the labour trade union of the Trust Territory of Somalia to come up with a design. Upon independence in 1960, the flag was adopted as the national flag of the nascent Somali Republic. The five-pointed Star of Unity in the flag's center represents the Somali ethnic group inhabiting the five territories in Greater Somalia. | Who devised the Somali flag? | Who devised the Somali flag? | [
"Who devised the Somali flag?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mohammed Awale Liban"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11825 | 56faea72f34c681400b0c18f | Somalis | The Somali flag is an ethnic flag conceived to represent ethnic Somalis. It was created in 1954 by the Somali scholar Mohammed Awale Liban, after he had been selected by the labour trade union of the Trust Territory of Somalia to come up with a design. Upon independence in 1960, the flag was adopted as the national flag of the nascent Somali Republic. The five-pointed Star of Unity in the flag's center represents the Somali ethnic group inhabiting the five territories in Greater Somalia. | What was Mohammed Awale Liban by profession? | What was Mohammed Awale Liban by profession? | [
"What was Mohammed Awale Liban by profession?"
] | {
"text": [
"scholar"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11826 | 56faea72f34c681400b0c190 | Somalis | The Somali flag is an ethnic flag conceived to represent ethnic Somalis. It was created in 1954 by the Somali scholar Mohammed Awale Liban, after he had been selected by the labour trade union of the Trust Territory of Somalia to come up with a design. Upon independence in 1960, the flag was adopted as the national flag of the nascent Somali Republic. The five-pointed Star of Unity in the flag's center represents the Somali ethnic group inhabiting the five territories in Greater Somalia. | What is the star at the center of the Somali flag called? | What is the star at the center of the Somali flag called? | [
"What is the star at the center of the Somali flag called?"
] | {
"text": [
"Star of Unity"
],
"answer_start": [
371
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11827 | 56faea72f34c681400b0c191 | Somalis | The Somali flag is an ethnic flag conceived to represent ethnic Somalis. It was created in 1954 by the Somali scholar Mohammed Awale Liban, after he had been selected by the labour trade union of the Trust Territory of Somalia to come up with a design. Upon independence in 1960, the flag was adopted as the national flag of the nascent Somali Republic. The five-pointed Star of Unity in the flag's center represents the Somali ethnic group inhabiting the five territories in Greater Somalia. | How many points does the Star of Unity have? | How many points does the Star of Unity have? | [
"How many points does the Star of Unity have?"
] | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11828 | 56faeae4f34c681400b0c197 | Somalis | Somali cuisine varies from region to region and consists of a fusion of diverse culinary influences. It is the product of Somalia's rich tradition of trade and commerce. Despite the variety, there remains one thing that unites the various regional cuisines: all food is served halal. There are therefore no pork dishes, alcohol is not served, nothing that died on its own is eaten, and no blood is incorporated. | What is the one culinary tradition that is present among all Somali regional cuisines? | What is the one culinary tradition that is present among all Somali regional cuisines? | [
"What is the one culinary tradition that is present among all Somali regional cuisines?"
] | {
"text": [
"all food is served halal"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11829 | 56faeae4f34c681400b0c198 | Somalis | Somali cuisine varies from region to region and consists of a fusion of diverse culinary influences. It is the product of Somalia's rich tradition of trade and commerce. Despite the variety, there remains one thing that unites the various regional cuisines: all food is served halal. There are therefore no pork dishes, alcohol is not served, nothing that died on its own is eaten, and no blood is incorporated. | What type of meat is never present in halal dishes? | What type of meat is never present in halal dishes? | [
"What type of meat is never present in halal dishes?"
] | {
"text": [
"pork"
],
"answer_start": [
307
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11830 | 56faeae4f34c681400b0c199 | Somalis | Somali cuisine varies from region to region and consists of a fusion of diverse culinary influences. It is the product of Somalia's rich tradition of trade and commerce. Despite the variety, there remains one thing that unites the various regional cuisines: all food is served halal. There are therefore no pork dishes, alcohol is not served, nothing that died on its own is eaten, and no blood is incorporated. | What beverage is not halal? | What beverage is not halal? | [
"What beverage is not halal?"
] | {
"text": [
"alcohol"
],
"answer_start": [
320
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11831 | 56faeae4f34c681400b0c19a | Somalis | Somali cuisine varies from region to region and consists of a fusion of diverse culinary influences. It is the product of Somalia's rich tradition of trade and commerce. Despite the variety, there remains one thing that unites the various regional cuisines: all food is served halal. There are therefore no pork dishes, alcohol is not served, nothing that died on its own is eaten, and no blood is incorporated. | Along with alcohol, what liquid is never present in halal food? | Along with alcohol, what liquid is never present in halal food? | [
"Along with alcohol, what liquid is never present in halal food?"
] | {
"text": [
"blood"
],
"answer_start": [
389
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11832 | 56faeb28f34c681400b0c19f | Somalis | Qado or lunch is often elaborate. Varieties of bariis (rice), the most popular probably being basmati, usually serve as the main dish. Spices like cumin, cardamom, cloves, cinnamon, and garden sage are used to aromatize these different rice delicacies. Somalis eat dinner as late as 9 pm. During Ramadan, supper is often served after Tarawih prayers; sometimes as late as 11 pm. | What is the English word for qado? | What is the English word for qado? | [
"What is the English word for qado?"
] | {
"text": [
"lunch"
],
"answer_start": [
8
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11833 | 56faeb28f34c681400b0c1a0 | Somalis | Qado or lunch is often elaborate. Varieties of bariis (rice), the most popular probably being basmati, usually serve as the main dish. Spices like cumin, cardamom, cloves, cinnamon, and garden sage are used to aromatize these different rice delicacies. Somalis eat dinner as late as 9 pm. During Ramadan, supper is often served after Tarawih prayers; sometimes as late as 11 pm. | What is bariis in English? | What is bariis in English? | [
"What is bariis in English?"
] | {
"text": [
"rice"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11834 | 56faeb28f34c681400b0c1a1 | Somalis | Qado or lunch is often elaborate. Varieties of bariis (rice), the most popular probably being basmati, usually serve as the main dish. Spices like cumin, cardamom, cloves, cinnamon, and garden sage are used to aromatize these different rice delicacies. Somalis eat dinner as late as 9 pm. During Ramadan, supper is often served after Tarawih prayers; sometimes as late as 11 pm. | What is the most popular variety of bariis? | What is the most popular variety of bariis? | [
"What is the most popular variety of bariis?"
] | {
"text": [
"basmati"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11835 | 56faeb28f34c681400b0c1a2 | Somalis | Qado or lunch is often elaborate. Varieties of bariis (rice), the most popular probably being basmati, usually serve as the main dish. Spices like cumin, cardamom, cloves, cinnamon, and garden sage are used to aromatize these different rice delicacies. Somalis eat dinner as late as 9 pm. During Ramadan, supper is often served after Tarawih prayers; sometimes as late as 11 pm. | When is the latest a Somali might eat dinner during Ramadan? | When is the latest a Somali might eat dinner during Ramadan? | [
"When is the latest a Somali might eat dinner during Ramadan?"
] | {
"text": [
"11 pm"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11836 | 56faeb28f34c681400b0c1a3 | Somalis | Qado or lunch is often elaborate. Varieties of bariis (rice), the most popular probably being basmati, usually serve as the main dish. Spices like cumin, cardamom, cloves, cinnamon, and garden sage are used to aromatize these different rice delicacies. Somalis eat dinner as late as 9 pm. During Ramadan, supper is often served after Tarawih prayers; sometimes as late as 11 pm. | After what event during Ramadan is dinner served? | After what event during Ramadan is dinner served? | [
"After what event during Ramadan is dinner served?"
] | {
"text": [
"Tarawih prayers"
],
"answer_start": [
334
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11837 | 56faeb678f12f319006302c5 | Somalis | Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad. | What is another term for xalwo? | What is another term for xalwo? | [
"What is another term for xalwo?"
] | {
"text": [
"halva"
],
"answer_start": [
7
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11838 | 56faeb678f12f319006302c6 | Somalis | Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad. | Along with wedding receptions, when is xalwo often consumed? | Along with wedding receptions, when is xalwo often consumed? | [
"Along with wedding receptions, when is xalwo often consumed?"
] | {
"text": [
"Eid celebrations"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11839 | 56faeb678f12f319006302c7 | Somalis | Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad. | What do the Somalis call frankincense? | What do the Somalis call frankincense? | [
"What do the Somalis call frankincense?"
] | {
"text": [
"lubaan"
],
"answer_start": [
325
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11840 | 56faeb678f12f319006302c8 | Somalis | Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad. | What is the English word for cunnsi? | What is the English word for cunnsi? | [
"What is the English word for cunnsi?"
] | {
"text": [
"incense"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11841 | 56faeb678f12f319006302c9 | Somalis | Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad. | What do the Somalis call incense burners? | What do the Somalis call incense burners? | [
"What do the Somalis call incense burners?"
] | {
"text": [
"dabqaad"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11842 | 56faebc18f12f319006302cf | Somalis | Somali scholars have for centuries produced many notable examples of Islamic literature ranging from poetry to Hadith. With the adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1972 to transcribe the Somali language, numerous contemporary Somali authors have also released novels, some of which have gone on to receive worldwide acclaim. Of these modern writers, Nuruddin Farah is probably the most celebrated. Books such as From a Crooked Rib and Links are considered important literary achievements, works which have earned Farah, among other accolades, the 1998 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. Farah Mohamed Jama Awl is another prominent Somali writer who is perhaps best known for his Dervish era novel, Ignorance is the enemy of love. Young upstart Nadifa Mohamed was also awarded the 2010 Betty Trask Prize. Additionally, Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi' is considered by many to be the greatest living Somali poet, and several of his works have been translated internationally. | When did Somalis begin to render their language using the Latin alphabet? | When did Somalis begin to render their language using the Latin alphabet? | [
"When did Somalis begin to render their language using the Latin alphabet?"
] | {
"text": [
"1972"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11843 | 56faebc18f12f319006302d0 | Somalis | Somali scholars have for centuries produced many notable examples of Islamic literature ranging from poetry to Hadith. With the adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1972 to transcribe the Somali language, numerous contemporary Somali authors have also released novels, some of which have gone on to receive worldwide acclaim. Of these modern writers, Nuruddin Farah is probably the most celebrated. Books such as From a Crooked Rib and Links are considered important literary achievements, works which have earned Farah, among other accolades, the 1998 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. Farah Mohamed Jama Awl is another prominent Somali writer who is perhaps best known for his Dervish era novel, Ignorance is the enemy of love. Young upstart Nadifa Mohamed was also awarded the 2010 Betty Trask Prize. Additionally, Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi' is considered by many to be the greatest living Somali poet, and several of his works have been translated internationally. | Who is the most well-known modern Somali writer? | Who is the most well-known modern Somali writer? | [
"Who is the most well-known modern Somali writer?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nuruddin Farah"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11844 | 56faebc18f12f319006302d1 | Somalis | Somali scholars have for centuries produced many notable examples of Islamic literature ranging from poetry to Hadith. With the adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1972 to transcribe the Somali language, numerous contemporary Somali authors have also released novels, some of which have gone on to receive worldwide acclaim. Of these modern writers, Nuruddin Farah is probably the most celebrated. Books such as From a Crooked Rib and Links are considered important literary achievements, works which have earned Farah, among other accolades, the 1998 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. Farah Mohamed Jama Awl is another prominent Somali writer who is perhaps best known for his Dervish era novel, Ignorance is the enemy of love. Young upstart Nadifa Mohamed was also awarded the 2010 Betty Trask Prize. Additionally, Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi' is considered by many to be the greatest living Somali poet, and several of his works have been translated internationally. | In what year did Nuruddin Farah win the Neustadt International Prize for Literature? | In what year did Nuruddin Farah win the Neustadt International Prize for Literature? | [
"In what year did Nuruddin Farah win the Neustadt International Prize for Literature?"
] | {
"text": [
"1998"
],
"answer_start": [
545
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11845 | 56faebc18f12f319006302d2 | Somalis | Somali scholars have for centuries produced many notable examples of Islamic literature ranging from poetry to Hadith. With the adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1972 to transcribe the Somali language, numerous contemporary Somali authors have also released novels, some of which have gone on to receive worldwide acclaim. Of these modern writers, Nuruddin Farah is probably the most celebrated. Books such as From a Crooked Rib and Links are considered important literary achievements, works which have earned Farah, among other accolades, the 1998 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. Farah Mohamed Jama Awl is another prominent Somali writer who is perhaps best known for his Dervish era novel, Ignorance is the enemy of love. Young upstart Nadifa Mohamed was also awarded the 2010 Betty Trask Prize. Additionally, Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi' is considered by many to be the greatest living Somali poet, and several of his works have been translated internationally. | Who wrote Ignorance is the enemy of love? | Who wrote Ignorance is the enemy of love? | [
"Who wrote Ignorance is the enemy of love?"
] | {
"text": [
"Farah Mohamed Jama Awl"
],
"answer_start": [
595
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11846 | 56faebc18f12f319006302d3 | Somalis | Somali scholars have for centuries produced many notable examples of Islamic literature ranging from poetry to Hadith. With the adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1972 to transcribe the Somali language, numerous contemporary Somali authors have also released novels, some of which have gone on to receive worldwide acclaim. Of these modern writers, Nuruddin Farah is probably the most celebrated. Books such as From a Crooked Rib and Links are considered important literary achievements, works which have earned Farah, among other accolades, the 1998 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. Farah Mohamed Jama Awl is another prominent Somali writer who is perhaps best known for his Dervish era novel, Ignorance is the enemy of love. Young upstart Nadifa Mohamed was also awarded the 2010 Betty Trask Prize. Additionally, Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi' is considered by many to be the greatest living Somali poet, and several of his works have been translated internationally. | Who won the 2010 Betty Trask Prize? | Who won the 2010 Betty Trask Prize? | [
"Who won the 2010 Betty Trask Prize?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nadifa Mohamed"
],
"answer_start": [
752
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11847 | 56faec218f12f319006302d9 | Somalis | Somalis for centuries have practiced a form of customary law, which they call Xeer. Xeer is a polycentric legal system where there is no monopolistic agent that determines what the law should be or how it should be interpreted. | What is the Somali system of customary law? | What is the Somali system of customary law? | [
"What is the Somali system of customary law?"
] | {
"text": [
"Xeer"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11848 | 56faec8b8f12f319006302db | Somalis | The Xeer legal system is assumed to have developed exclusively in the Horn of Africa since approximately the 7th century. There is no evidence that it developed elsewhere or was greatly influenced by any foreign legal system. The fact that Somali legal terminology is practically devoid of loan words from foreign languages suggests that Xeer is truly indigenous. | In what century did the Xeer system begin? | In what century did the Xeer system begin? | [
"In what century did the Xeer system begin?"
] | {
"text": [
"7th"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11849 | 56faec8b8f12f319006302dc | Somalis | The Xeer legal system is assumed to have developed exclusively in the Horn of Africa since approximately the 7th century. There is no evidence that it developed elsewhere or was greatly influenced by any foreign legal system. The fact that Somali legal terminology is practically devoid of loan words from foreign languages suggests that Xeer is truly indigenous. | In what region did the Xeer system develop? | In what region did the Xeer system develop? | [
"In what region did the Xeer system develop?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Horn of Africa"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11850 | 56faec8b8f12f319006302dd | Somalis | The Xeer legal system is assumed to have developed exclusively in the Horn of Africa since approximately the 7th century. There is no evidence that it developed elsewhere or was greatly influenced by any foreign legal system. The fact that Somali legal terminology is practically devoid of loan words from foreign languages suggests that Xeer is truly indigenous. | What fact about Somali legal terms implies that Xeer developed locally? | What fact about Somali legal terms implies that Xeer developed locally? | [
"What fact about Somali legal terms implies that Xeer developed locally?"
] | {
"text": [
"devoid of loan words"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11851 | 56faeccbf34c681400b0c1a9 | Somalis | The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework. Thus, one can find odayal (judges), xeer boggeyaal (jurists), guurtiyaal (detectives), garxajiyaal (attorneys), murkhaatiyal (witnesses) and waranle (police officers) to enforce the law. | In the Xeer system, what are judges called? | In the Xeer system, what are judges called? | [
"In the Xeer system, what are judges called?"
] | {
"text": [
"odayal"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11852 | 56faeccbf34c681400b0c1aa | Somalis | The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework. Thus, one can find odayal (judges), xeer boggeyaal (jurists), guurtiyaal (detectives), garxajiyaal (attorneys), murkhaatiyal (witnesses) and waranle (police officers) to enforce the law. | What does xeer boggeyaal mean in English? | What does xeer boggeyaal mean in English? | [
"What does xeer boggeyaal mean in English?"
] | {
"text": [
"jurists"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11853 | 56faeccbf34c681400b0c1ab | Somalis | The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework. Thus, one can find odayal (judges), xeer boggeyaal (jurists), guurtiyaal (detectives), garxajiyaal (attorneys), murkhaatiyal (witnesses) and waranle (police officers) to enforce the law. | What does the Xeer system call attorneys? | What does the Xeer system call attorneys? | [
"What does the Xeer system call attorneys?"
] | {
"text": [
"garxajiyaal"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11854 | 56faeccbf34c681400b0c1ac | Somalis | The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework. Thus, one can find odayal (judges), xeer boggeyaal (jurists), guurtiyaal (detectives), garxajiyaal (attorneys), murkhaatiyal (witnesses) and waranle (police officers) to enforce the law. | By what term are witnesses known in the Xeer system? | By what term are witnesses known in the Xeer system? | [
"By what term are witnesses known in the Xeer system?"
] | {
"text": [
"murkhaatiyal"
],
"answer_start": [
234
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11855 | 56faeccbf34c681400b0c1ad | Somalis | The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework. Thus, one can find odayal (judges), xeer boggeyaal (jurists), guurtiyaal (detectives), garxajiyaal (attorneys), murkhaatiyal (witnesses) and waranle (police officers) to enforce the law. | What does the Xeer system call cops? | What does the Xeer system call cops? | [
"What does the Xeer system call cops?"
] | {
"text": [
"waranle"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11856 | 56faed40f34c681400b0c1b3 | Somalis | Somali architecture is a rich and diverse tradition of engineering and designing. It involves multiple different construction types, such as stone cities, castles, citadels, fortresses, mosques, mausoleums, towers, tombs, tumuli, cairns, megaliths, menhirs, stelae, dolmens, stone circles, monuments, temples, enclosures, cisterns, aqueducts, and lighthouses. Spanning the ancient, medieval and early modern periods in Greater Somalia, it also includes the fusion of Somalo-Islamic architecture with Western designs in contemporary times. | Along with Somalo-Islamic architecture, what influences modern Somali architecture? | Along with Somalo-Islamic architecture, what influences modern Somali architecture? | [
"Along with Somalo-Islamic architecture, what influences modern Somali architecture?"
] | {
"text": [
"Western designs"
],
"answer_start": [
500
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11857 | 56faed40f34c681400b0c1b4 | Somalis | Somali architecture is a rich and diverse tradition of engineering and designing. It involves multiple different construction types, such as stone cities, castles, citadels, fortresses, mosques, mausoleums, towers, tombs, tumuli, cairns, megaliths, menhirs, stelae, dolmens, stone circles, monuments, temples, enclosures, cisterns, aqueducts, and lighthouses. Spanning the ancient, medieval and early modern periods in Greater Somalia, it also includes the fusion of Somalo-Islamic architecture with Western designs in contemporary times. | Along with the early modern and ancient, during what period did Somali architecture exist? | Along with the early modern and ancient, during what period did Somali architecture exist? | [
"Along with the early modern and ancient, during what period did Somali architecture exist?"
] | {
"text": [
"medieval"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11858 | 56faed40f34c681400b0c1b5 | Somalis | Somali architecture is a rich and diverse tradition of engineering and designing. It involves multiple different construction types, such as stone cities, castles, citadels, fortresses, mosques, mausoleums, towers, tombs, tumuli, cairns, megaliths, menhirs, stelae, dolmens, stone circles, monuments, temples, enclosures, cisterns, aqueducts, and lighthouses. Spanning the ancient, medieval and early modern periods in Greater Somalia, it also includes the fusion of Somalo-Islamic architecture with Western designs in contemporary times. | What material was used to make Somali cities? | What material was used to make Somali cities? | [
"What material was used to make Somali cities?"
] | {
"text": [
"stone"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11859 | 56faed86f34c681400b0c1b9 | Somalis | In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall. | What do Somalis call their ancient pyramids? | What do Somalis call their ancient pyramids? | [
"What do Somalis call their ancient pyramids?"
] | {
"text": [
"taalo"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11860 | 56faed86f34c681400b0c1ba | Somalis | In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall. | What were taalo used for? | What were taalo used for? | [
"What were taalo used for?"
] | {
"text": [
"burial"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11861 | 56faed86f34c681400b0c1bb | Somalis | In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall. | What were ancient Somali houses made out of? | What were ancient Somali houses made out of? | [
"What were ancient Somali houses made out of?"
] | {
"text": [
"dressed stone"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11862 | 56faed86f34c681400b0c1bc | Somalis | In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall. | Ancient Somali houses were similar to houses in what country? | Ancient Somali houses were similar to houses in what country? | [
"Ancient Somali houses were similar to houses in what country?"
] | {
"text": [
"Egypt"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11863 | 56faed86f34c681400b0c1bd | Somalis | In ancient Somalia, pyramidical structures known in Somali as taalo were a popular burial style, with hundreds of these dry stone monuments scattered around the country today. Houses were built of dressed stone similar to the ones in Ancient Egypt. There are also examples of courtyards and large stone walls enclosing settlements, such as the Wargaade Wall. | What is a notable stone wall built in ancient Somalia? | What is a notable stone wall built in ancient Somalia? | [
"What is a notable stone wall built in ancient Somalia?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Wargaade Wall"
],
"answer_start": [
340
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11864 | 56faedf8f34c681400b0c1c3 | Somalis | The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries. | During what period was the Muslim faith introduced to Somalia? | During what period was the Muslim faith introduced to Somalia? | [
"During what period was the Muslim faith introduced to Somalia?"
] | {
"text": [
"early medieval"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11865 | 56faedf8f34c681400b0c1c4 | Somalis | The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries. | Along with Arabian influences, where did architectural influences come from in the medieval period? | Along with Arabian influences, where did architectural influences come from in the medieval period? | [
"Along with Arabian influences, where did architectural influences come from in the medieval period?"
] | {
"text": [
"Persia"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11866 | 56faedf8f34c681400b0c1c5 | Somalis | The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries. | In the medieval period, what buildings were notably built atop older ruins? | In the medieval period, what buildings were notably built atop older ruins? | [
"In the medieval period, what buildings were notably built atop older ruins?"
] | {
"text": [
"mosques"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11867 | 56faedf8f34c681400b0c1c6 | Somalis | The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries. | Along with sundried bricks and coral stone, what construction material was widely used after the introduction of Islam? | Along with sundried bricks and coral stone, what construction material was widely used after the introduction of Islam? | [
"Along with sundried bricks and coral stone, what construction material was widely used after the introduction of Islam?"
] | {
"text": [
"limestone"
],
"answer_start": [
307
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11868 | 56faedf8f34c681400b0c1c7 | Somalis | The peaceful introduction of Islam in the early medieval era of Somalia's history brought Islamic architectural influences from Arabia and Persia. This had the effect of stimulating a shift in construction from drystone and other related materials to coral stone, sundried bricks, and the widespread use of limestone in Somali architecture. Many of the new architectural designs, such as mosques, were built on the ruins of older structures. This practice would continue over and over again throughout the following centuries. | Before Islam was introduced, what was a common building material in Somalia? | Before Islam was introduced, what was a common building material in Somalia? | [
"Before Islam was introduced, what was a common building material in Somalia?"
] | {
"text": [
"drystone"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11869 | 56faee55f34c681400b0c1cd | Somalis | The scholarly term for research concerning Somalis and Greater Somalia is known as Somali Studies. It consists of several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology. The field draws from old Somali chronicles, records and oral literature, in addition to written accounts and traditions about Somalis from explorers and geographers in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. Since 1980, prominent Somalist scholars from around the world have also gathered annually to hold the International Congress of Somali Studies. | What is the academic study of the Somali people called? | What is the academic study of the Somali people called? | [
"What is the academic study of the Somali people called?"
] | {
"text": [
"Somali Studies"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11870 | 56faee55f34c681400b0c1ce | Somalis | The scholarly term for research concerning Somalis and Greater Somalia is known as Somali Studies. It consists of several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology. The field draws from old Somali chronicles, records and oral literature, in addition to written accounts and traditions about Somalis from explorers and geographers in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. Since 1980, prominent Somalist scholars from around the world have also gathered annually to hold the International Congress of Somali Studies. | Along with sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology, what field is part of Somali Studies? | Along with sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology, what field is part of Somali Studies? | [
"Along with sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology, what field is part of Somali Studies?"
] | {
"text": [
"anthropology"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11871 | 56faee55f34c681400b0c1cf | Somalis | The scholarly term for research concerning Somalis and Greater Somalia is known as Somali Studies. It consists of several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology. The field draws from old Somali chronicles, records and oral literature, in addition to written accounts and traditions about Somalis from explorers and geographers in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. Since 1980, prominent Somalist scholars from around the world have also gathered annually to hold the International Congress of Somali Studies. | Along with chronicles and records, what indigenous sources are used in Somali Studies? | Along with chronicles and records, what indigenous sources are used in Somali Studies? | [
"Along with chronicles and records, what indigenous sources are used in Somali Studies?"
] | {
"text": [
"oral literature"
],
"answer_start": [
268
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11872 | 56faee55f34c681400b0c1d0 | Somalis | The scholarly term for research concerning Somalis and Greater Somalia is known as Somali Studies. It consists of several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology. The field draws from old Somali chronicles, records and oral literature, in addition to written accounts and traditions about Somalis from explorers and geographers in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. Since 1980, prominent Somalist scholars from around the world have also gathered annually to hold the International Congress of Somali Studies. | What is the name of the annual gathering of Somali Studies scholars? | What is the name of the annual gathering of Somali Studies scholars? | [
"What is the name of the annual gathering of Somali Studies scholars?"
] | {
"text": [
"the International Congress of Somali Studies"
],
"answer_start": [
518
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11873 | 56faee55f34c681400b0c1d1 | Somalis | The scholarly term for research concerning Somalis and Greater Somalia is known as Somali Studies. It consists of several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology. The field draws from old Somali chronicles, records and oral literature, in addition to written accounts and traditions about Somalis from explorers and geographers in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. Since 1980, prominent Somalist scholars from around the world have also gathered annually to hold the International Congress of Somali Studies. | When did the International Congress of Somali Studies begin? | When did the International Congress of Somali Studies begin? | [
"When did the International Congress of Somali Studies begin?"
] | {
"text": [
"1980"
],
"answer_start": [
426
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11874 | 56e144b0cd28a01900c6770b | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | What is another name for Universal Studios Inc.? | What is another name for Universal Studios Inc.? | [
"What is another name for Universal Studios Inc.?"
] | {
"text": [
"Universal Pictures"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11875 | 56e144b0cd28a01900c6770c | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | Who is the ultimate owner of Universal Studios? | Who is the ultimate owner of Universal Studios? | [
"Who is the ultimate owner of Universal Studios?"
] | {
"text": [
"Comcast"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11876 | 56e144b0cd28a01900c6770d | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | What is the street address of Universal Studios' production studios? | What is the street address of Universal Studios' production studios? | [
"What is the street address of Universal Studios' production studios?"
] | {
"text": [
"100 Universal City Plaza Drive"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11877 | 56e144b0cd28a01900c6770e | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | In what city and state are its production studios located? | In what city and state are its production studios located? | [
"In what city and state are its production studios located?"
] | {
"text": [
"Universal City, California"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11878 | 56e144b0cd28a01900c6770f | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | In what city are Universal Studios' corporate offices located? | In what city are Universal Studios' corporate offices located? | [
"In what city are Universal Studios' corporate offices located?"
] | {
"text": [
"New York City"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11879 | 5ad127e6645df0001a2d0fb0 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | What does MAAP stand for? | What does MAAP stand for? | [
"What does MAAP stand for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11880 | 5ad127e6645df0001a2d0fb1 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | What was founded in 1921? | What was founded in 1921? | [
"What was founded in 1921?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11881 | 5ad127e6645df0001a2d0fb2 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | Who founded Universal Studios in 1921? | Who founded Universal Studios in 1921? | [
"Who founded Universal Studios in 1921?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11882 | 5ad127e6645df0001a2d0fb3 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | Who owns Comcast? | Who owns Comcast? | [
"Who owns Comcast?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11883 | 5ad127e6645df0001a2d0fb4 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour. | Where in Universal City are the corporate offices located? | Where in Universal City are the corporate offices located? | [
"Where in Universal City are the corporate offices located?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11884 | 56e14515e3433e1400422d18 | Universal_Studios | It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company. | What is the nationality of Pathé? | What is the nationality of Pathé? | [
"What is the nationality of Pathé?"
] | {
"text": [
"French"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11885 | 56e14515e3433e1400422d19 | Universal_Studios | It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company. | Along with Pathé and the Gaumont Film Company, what major film studio is older then Universal Studios? | Along with Pathé and the Gaumont Film Company, what major film studio is older then Universal Studios? | [
"Along with Pathé and the Gaumont Film Company, what major film studio is older then Universal Studios?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nordisk Film company"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11886 | 56e14515e3433e1400422d1a | Universal_Studios | It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company. | Among major film studies, where does Universal Studios rank in terms of age? | Among major film studies, where does Universal Studios rank in terms of age? | [
"Among major film studies, where does Universal Studios rank in terms of age?"
] | {
"text": [
"fourth"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11887 | 5ad128e7645df0001a2d0ff0 | Universal_Studios | It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company. | What studios follow Universal for being the oldest? | What studios follow Universal for being the oldest? | [
"What studios follow Universal for being the oldest?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11888 | 5ad128e7645df0001a2d0ff1 | Universal_Studios | It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company. | Who does the Pathe Film Company belong to? | Who does the Pathe Film Company belong to? | [
"Who does the Pathe Film Company belong to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11889 | 5ad128e7645df0001a2d0ff2 | Universal_Studios | It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company. | Who does the Danish Film Company belong to? | Who does the Danish Film Company belong to? | [
"Who does the Danish Film Company belong to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11890 | 56e14623cd28a01900c67715 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | After a trip to what city did Carl Laemmle leave the dry goods business? | After a trip to what city did Carl Laemmle leave the dry goods business? | [
"After a trip to what city did Carl Laemmle leave the dry goods business?"
] | {
"text": [
"Chicago"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11891 | 56e14623cd28a01900c67716 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | In what year was the Motion Picture Trust created? | In what year was the Motion Picture Trust created? | [
"In what year was the Motion Picture Trust created?"
] | {
"text": [
"1908"
],
"answer_start": [
448
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11892 | 56e14623cd28a01900c67717 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | What notable historical figure was involved in the Motion Picture Trust? | What notable historical figure was involved in the Motion Picture Trust? | [
"What notable historical figure was involved in the Motion Picture Trust?"
] | {
"text": [
"Edison"
],
"answer_start": [
460
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11893 | 56e14623cd28a01900c67718 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | For what part of a motion picture projector did the Motion Picture Trust hold a patent? | For what part of a motion picture projector did the Motion Picture Trust hold a patent? | [
"For what part of a motion picture projector did the Motion Picture Trust hold a patent?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Latham Loop"
],
"answer_start": [
590
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11894 | 5ad129c4645df0001a2d1016 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | Who founded Universal Studios in Chicago? | Who founded Universal Studios in Chicago? | [
"Who founded Universal Studios in Chicago?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11895 | 5ad129c4645df0001a2d1017 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | What was created in 1980? | What was created in 1980? | [
"What was created in 1980?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11896 | 5ad129c4645df0001a2d1018 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | Who back the Motion Trust Picture? | Who back the Motion Trust Picture? | [
"Who back the Motion Trust Picture?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11897 | 5ad129c4645df0001a2d1019 | Universal_Studios | Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. | Who attempted to enforce a monopoly on cameras and projectors? | Who attempted to enforce a monopoly on cameras and projectors? | [
"Who attempted to enforce a monopoly on cameras and projectors?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11898 | 56e146bde3433e1400422d32 | Universal_Studios | Soon, Laemmle and other disgruntled nickelodeon owners decided to avoid paying Edison by producing their own pictures. In June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with partners Abe Stern and Julius Stern. That company quickly evolved into the Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), with studios in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where many early films in America's first motion picture industry were produced in the early 20th century. Laemmle broke with Edison's custom of refusing to give billing and screen credits to performers. By naming the movie stars, he attracted many of the leading players of the time, contributing to the creation of the star system. In 1910, he promoted Florence Lawrence, formerly known as "The Biograph Girl", and actor King Baggot, in what may be the first instance of a studio using stars in its marketing. | What company did Laemmle found in June 1909? | What company did Laemmle found in June 1909? | [
"What company did Laemmle found in June 1909?"
] | {
"text": [
"Yankee Film Company"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11899 | 56e146bde3433e1400422d33 | Universal_Studios | Soon, Laemmle and other disgruntled nickelodeon owners decided to avoid paying Edison by producing their own pictures. In June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with partners Abe Stern and Julius Stern. That company quickly evolved into the Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), with studios in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where many early films in America's first motion picture industry were produced in the early 20th century. Laemmle broke with Edison's custom of refusing to give billing and screen credits to performers. By naming the movie stars, he attracted many of the leading players of the time, contributing to the creation of the star system. In 1910, he promoted Florence Lawrence, formerly known as "The Biograph Girl", and actor King Baggot, in what may be the first instance of a studio using stars in its marketing. | Who were Laemmle's business partners in the Yankee Film Company? | Who were Laemmle's business partners in the Yankee Film Company? | [
"Who were Laemmle's business partners in the Yankee Film Company?"
] | {
"text": [
"Abe Stern and Julius Stern"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.