gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-15300 | 572fc3f3947a6a140053cc79 | Hyderabad | During British rule, Secunderabad became a well-known sporting centre and many race courses, parade grounds and polo fields were built.:18 Many elite clubs formed by the Nizams and the British such as the Secunderabad Club, the Nizam Club and the Hyderabad Race Club, which is known for its horse racing especially the a... | Under whom did the Secunderabad Club and the Nizam Club form? | Under whom did the Secunderabad Club and the Nizam Club form? | [
"Under whom did the Secunderabad Club and the Nizam Club form?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Nizams and the British"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15301 | 572fc3f3947a6a140053cc7a | Hyderabad | During British rule, Secunderabad became a well-known sporting centre and many race courses, parade grounds and polo fields were built.:18 Many elite clubs formed by the Nizams and the British such as the Secunderabad Club, the Nizam Club and the Hyderabad Race Club, which is known for its horse racing especially the a... | Which annual derby is held at the Hyderabad Race Club? | Which annual derby is held at the Hyderabad Race Club? | [
"Which annual derby is held at the Hyderabad Race Club?"
] | {
"text": [
"Deccan derby"
],
"answer_start": [
326
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15302 | 572fc4f204bcaa1900d76cd5 | Hyderabad | International-level sportspeople from Hyderabad include: cricketers Ghulam Ahmed, M. L. Jaisimha, Mohammed Azharuddin, V. V. S. Laxman, Venkatapathy Raju, Shivlal Yadav, Arshad Ayub, Syed Abid Ali and Noel David; football players Syed Abdul Rahim, Syed Nayeemuddin and Shabbir Ali; tennis player Sania Mirza; badminton p... | Ghulam Ahmed and Shivlal Yadav are what kind of sportsmen? | Ghulam Ahmed and Shivlal Yadav are what kind of sportsmen? | [
"Ghulam Ahmed and Shivlal Yadav are what kind of sportsmen?"
] | {
"text": [
"cricketers"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15303 | 572fc4f204bcaa1900d76cd6 | Hyderabad | International-level sportspeople from Hyderabad include: cricketers Ghulam Ahmed, M. L. Jaisimha, Mohammed Azharuddin, V. V. S. Laxman, Venkatapathy Raju, Shivlal Yadav, Arshad Ayub, Syed Abid Ali and Noel David; football players Syed Abdul Rahim, Syed Nayeemuddin and Shabbir Ali; tennis player Sania Mirza; badminton p... | What sport does Sania Mirza play? | What sport does Sania Mirza play? | [
"What sport does Sania Mirza play?"
] | {
"text": [
"tennis"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15304 | 572fc4f204bcaa1900d76cd7 | Hyderabad | International-level sportspeople from Hyderabad include: cricketers Ghulam Ahmed, M. L. Jaisimha, Mohammed Azharuddin, V. V. S. Laxman, Venkatapathy Raju, Shivlal Yadav, Arshad Ayub, Syed Abid Ali and Noel David; football players Syed Abdul Rahim, Syed Nayeemuddin and Shabbir Ali; tennis player Sania Mirza; badminton p... | Gagan Narang does what sporting activity? | Gagan Narang does what sporting activity? | [
"Gagan Narang does what sporting activity?"
] | {
"text": [
"rifle shooters"
],
"answer_start": [
468
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15305 | 572fc4f204bcaa1900d76cd8 | Hyderabad | International-level sportspeople from Hyderabad include: cricketers Ghulam Ahmed, M. L. Jaisimha, Mohammed Azharuddin, V. V. S. Laxman, Venkatapathy Raju, Shivlal Yadav, Arshad Ayub, Syed Abid Ali and Noel David; football players Syed Abdul Rahim, Syed Nayeemuddin and Shabbir Ali; tennis player Sania Mirza; badminton p... | Who is a notable bodybuilder from Hyderabad? | Who is a notable bodybuilder from Hyderabad? | [
"Who is a notable bodybuilder from Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mir Mohtesham Ali Khan"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15306 | 572fc4f204bcaa1900d76cd9 | Hyderabad | International-level sportspeople from Hyderabad include: cricketers Ghulam Ahmed, M. L. Jaisimha, Mohammed Azharuddin, V. V. S. Laxman, Venkatapathy Raju, Shivlal Yadav, Arshad Ayub, Syed Abid Ali and Noel David; football players Syed Abdul Rahim, Syed Nayeemuddin and Shabbir Ali; tennis player Sania Mirza; badminton p... | Pullela Gopichand and Saina Nehwal are known in Hyderabad for being what? | Pullela Gopichand and Saina Nehwal are known in Hyderabad for being what? | [
"Pullela Gopichand and Saina Nehwal are known in Hyderabad for being what?"
] | {
"text": [
"badminton players"
],
"answer_start": [
309
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15307 | 572fc58204bcaa1900d76cdf | Hyderabad | The most commonly used forms of medium distance transport in Hyderabad include government owned services such as light railways and buses, as well as privately operated taxis and auto rickshaws. Bus services operate from the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station in the city centre and carry over 130 million passengers daily acros... | What type of transport that is not government owned is commonly used in Hyderabad? | What type of transport that is not government owned is commonly used in Hyderabad? | [
"What type of transport that is not government owned is commonly used in Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"taxis and auto rickshaws"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15308 | 572fc58204bcaa1900d76ce0 | Hyderabad | The most commonly used forms of medium distance transport in Hyderabad include government owned services such as light railways and buses, as well as privately operated taxis and auto rickshaws. Bus services operate from the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station in the city centre and carry over 130 million passengers daily acros... | How many people are carried each day by the bus service network in Hyderabad? | How many people are carried each day by the bus service network in Hyderabad? | [
"How many people are carried each day by the bus service network in Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"130 million"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15309 | 572fc58204bcaa1900d76ce1 | Hyderabad | The most commonly used forms of medium distance transport in Hyderabad include government owned services such as light railways and buses, as well as privately operated taxis and auto rickshaws. Bus services operate from the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station in the city centre and carry over 130 million passengers daily acros... | What is the light rail system in Hyderabad known as? | What is the light rail system in Hyderabad known as? | [
"What is the light rail system in Hyderabad known as?"
] | {
"text": [
"Multi-Modal Transport System (MMTS)"
],
"answer_start": [
395
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15310 | 572fc58204bcaa1900d76ce2 | Hyderabad | The most commonly used forms of medium distance transport in Hyderabad include government owned services such as light railways and buses, as well as privately operated taxis and auto rickshaws. Bus services operate from the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station in the city centre and carry over 130 million passengers daily acros... | How many passengers use the Hyderabad light rail system each day? | How many passengers use the Hyderabad light rail system each day? | [
"How many passengers use the Hyderabad light rail system each day?"
] | {
"text": [
"160,000"
],
"answer_start": [
483
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15311 | 572fc58204bcaa1900d76ce3 | Hyderabad | The most commonly used forms of medium distance transport in Hyderabad include government owned services such as light railways and buses, as well as privately operated taxis and auto rickshaws. Bus services operate from the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station in the city centre and carry over 130 million passengers daily acros... | What is Setwin otherwise known as? | What is Setwin otherwise known as? | [
"What is Setwin otherwise known as?"
] | {
"text": [
"Society for Employment Promotion & Training in Twin Cities"
],
"answer_start": [
588
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15312 | 572fc652a23a5019007fc9cb | Hyderabad | As of 2012[update], there are over 3.5 million vehicles operating in the city, of which 74% are two-wheelers, 15% cars and 3% three-wheelers. The remaining 8% include buses, goods vehicles and taxis. The large number of vehicles coupled with relatively low road coverage—roads occupy only 9.5% of the total city area:79—... | In 2012 how many vehicles were driving in Hyderabad? | In 2012 how many vehicles were driving in Hyderabad? | [
"In 2012 how many vehicles were driving in Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"3.5 million"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15313 | 572fc652a23a5019007fc9cc | Hyderabad | As of 2012[update], there are over 3.5 million vehicles operating in the city, of which 74% are two-wheelers, 15% cars and 3% three-wheelers. The remaining 8% include buses, goods vehicles and taxis. The large number of vehicles coupled with relatively low road coverage—roads occupy only 9.5% of the total city area:79—... | What percentage of the vehicles in Hyderabad were cars in 2012? | What percentage of the vehicles in Hyderabad were cars in 2012? | [
"What percentage of the vehicles in Hyderabad were cars in 2012?"
] | {
"text": [
"15%"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15314 | 572fc652a23a5019007fc9cd | Hyderabad | As of 2012[update], there are over 3.5 million vehicles operating in the city, of which 74% are two-wheelers, 15% cars and 3% three-wheelers. The remaining 8% include buses, goods vehicles and taxis. The large number of vehicles coupled with relatively low road coverage—roads occupy only 9.5% of the total city area:79—... | What percentage of Hyderabad city was covered by roads in 2012? | What percentage of Hyderabad city was covered by roads in 2012? | [
"What percentage of Hyderabad city was covered by roads in 2012?"
] | {
"text": [
"9.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
289
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15315 | 572fc652a23a5019007fc9ce | Hyderabad | As of 2012[update], there are over 3.5 million vehicles operating in the city, of which 74% are two-wheelers, 15% cars and 3% three-wheelers. The remaining 8% include buses, goods vehicles and taxis. The large number of vehicles coupled with relatively low road coverage—roads occupy only 9.5% of the total city area:79—... | In 2012 what percentage of Hyderabad freight was moved by road? | In 2012 what percentage of Hyderabad freight was moved by road? | [
"In 2012 what percentage of Hyderabad freight was moved by road?"
] | {
"text": [
"60%"
],
"answer_start": [
400
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15316 | 572fc652a23a5019007fc9cf | Hyderabad | As of 2012[update], there are over 3.5 million vehicles operating in the city, of which 74% are two-wheelers, 15% cars and 3% three-wheelers. The remaining 8% include buses, goods vehicles and taxis. The large number of vehicles coupled with relatively low road coverage—roads occupy only 9.5% of the total city area:79—... | What is the maximum speed for buses in Hyderabad? | What is the maximum speed for buses in Hyderabad? | [
"What is the maximum speed for buses in Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"40 km/h (25 mph)"
],
"answer_start": [
762
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15317 | 572fc6fbb2c2fd1400568451 | Hyderabad | Hyderabad sits at the junction of three National Highways linking it to six other states: NH-7 runs 2,369 km (1,472 mi) from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, in the north to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, in the south; NH-9, runs 841 km (523 mi) east-west between Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, and Pune, Maharashtra; and the 280 km (... | How many national highways form a junction in Hyderabad? | How many national highways form a junction in Hyderabad? | [
"How many national highways form a junction in Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15318 | 572fc6fbb2c2fd1400568452 | Hyderabad | Hyderabad sits at the junction of three National Highways linking it to six other states: NH-7 runs 2,369 km (1,472 mi) from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, in the north to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, in the south; NH-9, runs 841 km (523 mi) east-west between Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, and Pune, Maharashtra; and the 280 km (... | How many states are linked to from highways in Hyderabad? | How many states are linked to from highways in Hyderabad? | [
"How many states are linked to from highways in Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"six"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15319 | 572fc6fbb2c2fd1400568453 | Hyderabad | Hyderabad sits at the junction of three National Highways linking it to six other states: NH-7 runs 2,369 km (1,472 mi) from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, in the north to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, in the south; NH-9, runs 841 km (523 mi) east-west between Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, and Pune, Maharashtra; and the 280 km (... | How many miles long is NH-7? | How many miles long is NH-7? | [
"How many miles long is NH-7?"
] | {
"text": [
"1,472 mi"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15320 | 572fc6fbb2c2fd1400568454 | Hyderabad | Hyderabad sits at the junction of three National Highways linking it to six other states: NH-7 runs 2,369 km (1,472 mi) from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, in the north to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, in the south; NH-9, runs 841 km (523 mi) east-west between Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, and Pune, Maharashtra; and the 280 km (... | How many state highways pass through or begin in Hyderabad? | How many state highways pass through or begin in Hyderabad? | [
"How many state highways pass through or begin in Hyderabad?"
] | {
"text": [
"Five"
],
"answer_start": [
418
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15321 | 572fc6fbb2c2fd1400568455 | Hyderabad | Hyderabad sits at the junction of three National Highways linking it to six other states: NH-7 runs 2,369 km (1,472 mi) from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, in the north to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, in the south; NH-9, runs 841 km (523 mi) east-west between Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, and Pune, Maharashtra; and the 280 km (... | What road connects Hyderabad to Bhopalpatnam? | What road connects Hyderabad to Bhopalpatnam? | [
"What road connects Hyderabad to Bhopalpatnam?"
] | {
"text": [
"NH-163"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15322 | 5705ca3352bb89140068962e | Black_people | Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations. As such, the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends si... | Do some countries have negative feelings towards the word "black"? | Do some countries have negative feelings towards the word "black"? | [
"Do some countries have negative feelings towards the word \"black\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"communities and countries, \"black\" is also perceived as a derogatory,"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15323 | 5705ca3352bb89140068962f | Black_people | Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations. As such, the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends si... | What is "black people" a term for? | What is "black people" a term for? | [
"What is \"black people\" a term for?"
] | {
"text": [
"racial classification or of ethnicity"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15324 | 5705ca3352bb891400689630 | Black_people | Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations. As such, the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends si... | Do all regions perceive that term "black people" the same? | Do all regions perceive that term "black people" the same? | [
"Do all regions perceive that term \"black people\" the same?"
] | {
"text": [
"the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies"
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15325 | 5705ca3352bb891400689631 | Black_people | Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations. As such, the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends si... | Do some cultures not use the term "Black people"? | Do some cultures not use the term "Black people"? | [
"Do some cultures not use the term \"Black people\"?"
] | {
"text": [
", \"black\" is also perceived as a derogatory, outdated, reductive or otherwise unrepresentative label,"
],
"answer_start": [
397
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15326 | 5705ca3352bb891400689632 | Black_people | Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations. As such, the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends si... | Can the term "black people" have different meanings? | Can the term "black people" have different meanings? | [
"Can the term \"black people\" have different meanings?"
] | {
"text": [
"the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends significantly on context."
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15327 | 5706477d75f01819005e7af4 | Black_people | Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black", and these social constructs have also changed over time. In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for "blackness" vary. For example, in North America the term bla... | Do all societies use the term "black" the same? | Do all societies use the term "black" the same? | [
"Do all societies use the term \"black\" the same?"
] | {
"text": [
"Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as \"black\""
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15328 | 5706477d75f01819005e7af5 | Black_people | Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black", and these social constructs have also changed over time. In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for "blackness" vary. For example, in North America the term bla... | What factors can affect the classification of "blackness"? | What factors can affect the classification of "blackness"? | [
"What factors can affect the classification of \"blackness\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"societal variables"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15329 | 5706477d75f01819005e7af6 | Black_people | Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black", and these social constructs have also changed over time. In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for "blackness" vary. For example, in North America the term bla... | Are mixed race people classified as black? | Are mixed race people classified as black? | [
"Are mixed race people classified as black?"
] | {
"text": [
"mixed-race people are generally not classified as \"black.\""
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15330 | 5706477d75f01819005e7af7 | Black_people | Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black", and these social constructs have also changed over time. In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for "blackness" vary. For example, in North America the term bla... | How is the term "black" defined in the United States? | How is the term "black" defined in the United States? | [
"How is the term \"black\" defined in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"it is instead a socially based racial classification related to being African American, with a family history associated with institutionalized slavery."
],
"answer_start": [
409
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15331 | 5706477d75f01819005e7af8 | Black_people | Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black", and these social constructs have also changed over time. In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for "blackness" vary. For example, in North America the term bla... | How did European Colonists use the term "Black"? | How did European Colonists use the term "Black"? | [
"How did European Colonists use the term \"Black\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"European colonists applied the term \"black\" or it was used by populations with different histories and ethnic origin."
],
"answer_start": [
728
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15332 | 5706480975f01819005e7afe | Black_people | The Romans interacted with and later conquered parts of Mauretania, an early state that covered modern Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla during the classical period. The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as Mauri, which was subsequently rendered as Moors in English... | What made up Mauretania? | What made up Mauretania? | [
"What made up Mauretania?"
] | {
"text": [
"Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15333 | 5706480975f01819005e7aff | Black_people | The Romans interacted with and later conquered parts of Mauretania, an early state that covered modern Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla during the classical period. The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as Mauri, which was subsequently rendered as Moors in English... | Who conquered parts of Mauretania? | Who conquered parts of Mauretania? | [
"Who conquered parts of Mauretania?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Romans"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15334 | 5706480975f01819005e7b00 | Black_people | The Romans interacted with and later conquered parts of Mauretania, an early state that covered modern Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla during the classical period. The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as Mauri, which was subsequently rendered as Moors in English... | During what period did Mauretania exist? | During what period did Mauretania exist? | [
"During what period did Mauretania exist? "
] | {
"text": [
"the classical period."
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15335 | 5706480975f01819005e7b01 | Black_people | The Romans interacted with and later conquered parts of Mauretania, an early state that covered modern Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla during the classical period. The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as Mauri, which was subsequently rendered as Moors in English... | Where were the people of the region noted? | Where were the people of the region noted? | [
"Where were the people of the region noted? "
] | {
"text": [
"in Classical literature"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15336 | 5706480975f01819005e7b02 | Black_people | The Romans interacted with and later conquered parts of Mauretania, an early state that covered modern Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla during the classical period. The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as Mauri, which was subsequently rendered as Moors in English... | What is Mauri in English? | What is Mauri in English? | [
"What is Mauri in English? "
] | {
"text": [
"Moors"
],
"answer_start": [
304
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15337 | 5706498475f01819005e7b08 | Black_people | Numerous communities of dark-skinned peoples are present in North Africa, some dating from prehistoric communities. Others are descendants of the historical Trans-Saharan trade in peoples and/or, and after the Arab invasions of North Africa in the 7th century, descendants of slaves from the Arab Slave Trade in North Af... | Where was the Arab Slave Trade? | Where was the Arab Slave Trade? | [
"Where was the Arab Slave Trade?"
] | {
"text": [
"North Africa"
],
"answer_start": [
312
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15338 | 5706498475f01819005e7b09 | Black_people | Numerous communities of dark-skinned peoples are present in North Africa, some dating from prehistoric communities. Others are descendants of the historical Trans-Saharan trade in peoples and/or, and after the Arab invasions of North Africa in the 7th century, descendants of slaves from the Arab Slave Trade in North Af... | When were the Arab Invasions? | When were the Arab Invasions? | [
"When were the Arab Invasions?"
] | {
"text": [
"the 7th century"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15339 | 5706498475f01819005e7b0a | Black_people | Numerous communities of dark-skinned peoples are present in North Africa, some dating from prehistoric communities. Others are descendants of the historical Trans-Saharan trade in peoples and/or, and after the Arab invasions of North Africa in the 7th century, descendants of slaves from the Arab Slave Trade in North Af... | Where were numerous dark-skinned communities? | Where were numerous dark-skinned communities? | [
"Where were numerous dark-skinned communities? "
] | {
"text": [
"North Africa"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15340 | 5706498475f01819005e7b0b | Black_people | Numerous communities of dark-skinned peoples are present in North Africa, some dating from prehistoric communities. Others are descendants of the historical Trans-Saharan trade in peoples and/or, and after the Arab invasions of North Africa in the 7th century, descendants of slaves from the Arab Slave Trade in North Af... | When did these communities begin? | When did these communities begin? | [
"When did these communities begin?"
] | {
"text": [
"some dating from prehistoric communities."
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15341 | 5706498475f01819005e7b0c | Black_people | Numerous communities of dark-skinned peoples are present in North Africa, some dating from prehistoric communities. Others are descendants of the historical Trans-Saharan trade in peoples and/or, and after the Arab invasions of North Africa in the 7th century, descendants of slaves from the Arab Slave Trade in North Af... | Who are they descendants of? | Who are they descendants of? | [
"Who are they descendants of?"
] | {
"text": [
"Trans-Saharan trade in peoples"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15342 | 57064c4575f01819005e7b1a | Black_people | In the 18th century, the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail "the Bloodthirsty" (1672–1727) raised a corps of 150,000 black slaves, called his Black Guard, who coerced the country into submission. | When did Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail live? | When did Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail live? | [
"When did Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail live?"
] | {
"text": [
"(1672–1727)"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15343 | 57064c4575f01819005e7b1b | Black_people | In the 18th century, the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail "the Bloodthirsty" (1672–1727) raised a corps of 150,000 black slaves, called his Black Guard, who coerced the country into submission. | How many black slaves did he own? | How many black slaves did he own? | [
"How many black slaves did he own?"
] | {
"text": [
"150,000"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15344 | 57064c4575f01819005e7b1c | Black_people | In the 18th century, the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail "the Bloodthirsty" (1672–1727) raised a corps of 150,000 black slaves, called his Black Guard, who coerced the country into submission. | What did he call his slave army? | What did he call his slave army? | [
"What did he call his slave army?"
] | {
"text": [
"Black Guard"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15345 | 57064c4575f01819005e7b1d | Black_people | In the 18th century, the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail "the Bloodthirsty" (1672–1727) raised a corps of 150,000 black slaves, called his Black Guard, who coerced the country into submission. | What did the Black Guard do? | What did the Black Guard do? | [
"What did the Black Guard do?"
] | {
"text": [
"coerced the country into submission."
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15346 | 57064c4575f01819005e7b1e | Black_people | In the 18th century, the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail "the Bloodthirsty" (1672–1727) raised a corps of 150,000 black slaves, called his Black Guard, who coerced the country into submission. | When did the Black Guard exist? | When did the Black Guard exist? | [
"When did the Black Guard exist?"
] | {
"text": [
"In the 18th century"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15347 | 57064d0675f01819005e7b24 | Black_people | According to Dr. Carlos Moore, resident scholar at Brazil's University of the State of Bahia, in the 21st century Afro-multiracials in the Arab world, including Arabs in North Africa, self-identify in ways that resemble multi-racials in Latin America. He claims that black-looking Arabs, much like black-looking Latin Am... | Why would a black-looking Arab consider himself white? | Why would a black-looking Arab consider himself white? | [
"Why would a black-looking Arab consider himself white?"
] | {
"text": [
"because they have some distant white ancestry."
],
"answer_start": [
355
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15348 | 57064d0675f01819005e7b25 | Black_people | According to Dr. Carlos Moore, resident scholar at Brazil's University of the State of Bahia, in the 21st century Afro-multiracials in the Arab world, including Arabs in North Africa, self-identify in ways that resemble multi-racials in Latin America. He claims that black-looking Arabs, much like black-looking Latin Am... | Where does Dr. Carlos Moore work? | Where does Dr. Carlos Moore work? | [
"Where does Dr. Carlos Moore work?"
] | {
"text": [
"Brazil's University of the State of Bahia"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15349 | 57064d0675f01819005e7b26 | Black_people | According to Dr. Carlos Moore, resident scholar at Brazil's University of the State of Bahia, in the 21st century Afro-multiracials in the Arab world, including Arabs in North Africa, self-identify in ways that resemble multi-racials in Latin America. He claims that black-looking Arabs, much like black-looking Latin Am... | How do Afro-multiracials identify in the 21st century? | How do Afro-multiracials identify in the 21st century? | [
"How do Afro-multiracials identify in the 21st century?"
] | {
"text": [
"in ways that resemble multi-racials"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15350 | 57064d8c52bb8914006899ce | Black_people | Egyptian President Anwar Sadat had a mother who was a dark-skinned Nubian Sudanese woman and a father who was a lighter-skinned Egyptian. In response to an advertisement for an acting position, as a young man he said, "I am not white but I am not exactly black either. My blackness is tending to reddish". | Who was the Egyptian President? | Who was the Egyptian President? | [
"Who was the Egyptian President?"
] | {
"text": [
"Anwar Sadat"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15351 | 57064d8c52bb8914006899d0 | Black_people | Egyptian President Anwar Sadat had a mother who was a dark-skinned Nubian Sudanese woman and a father who was a lighter-skinned Egyptian. In response to an advertisement for an acting position, as a young man he said, "I am not white but I am not exactly black either. My blackness is tending to reddish". | What ethnicity was his father? | What ethnicity was his father? | [
"What ethnicity was his father?"
] | {
"text": [
"Egyptian"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15352 | 57064d8c52bb8914006899d1 | Black_people | Egyptian President Anwar Sadat had a mother who was a dark-skinned Nubian Sudanese woman and a father who was a lighter-skinned Egyptian. In response to an advertisement for an acting position, as a young man he said, "I am not white but I am not exactly black either. My blackness is tending to reddish". | What color did he refer to himself as? | What color did he refer to himself as? | [
"What color did he refer to himself as?"
] | {
"text": [
"reddish"
],
"answer_start": [
296
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15353 | 57064fb952bb8914006899d6 | Black_people | Due to the patriarchal nature of Arab society, Arab men, including during the slave trade in North Africa, enslaved more black women than men. They used more black female slaves in domestic service and agriculture than males. The men interpreted the Qur'an to permit sexual relations between a male master and his female... | Who was enslaved more often? | Who was enslaved more often? | [
"Who was enslaved more often?"
] | {
"text": [
"black women"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15354 | 57064fb952bb8914006899d7 | Black_people | Due to the patriarchal nature of Arab society, Arab men, including during the slave trade in North Africa, enslaved more black women than men. They used more black female slaves in domestic service and agriculture than males. The men interpreted the Qur'an to permit sexual relations between a male master and his female... | What were female slaves used for? | What were female slaves used for? | [
"What were female slaves used for?"
] | {
"text": [
"domestic service and agriculture"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15355 | 57064fb952bb8914006899d8 | Black_people | Due to the patriarchal nature of Arab society, Arab men, including during the slave trade in North Africa, enslaved more black women than men. They used more black female slaves in domestic service and agriculture than males. The men interpreted the Qur'an to permit sexual relations between a male master and his female... | What did the Qur'an permit? | What did the Qur'an permit? | [
"What did the Qur'an permit?"
] | {
"text": [
"sexual relations between a male master and his female slave"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15356 | 57064fb952bb8914006899d9 | Black_people | Due to the patriarchal nature of Arab society, Arab men, including during the slave trade in North Africa, enslaved more black women than men. They used more black female slaves in domestic service and agriculture than males. The men interpreted the Qur'an to permit sexual relations between a male master and his female... | What is the term for a pregnant slave? | What is the term for a pregnant slave? | [
"What is the term for a pregnant slave?"
] | {
"text": [
"umm walad"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15357 | 57064fb952bb8914006899da | Black_people | Due to the patriarchal nature of Arab society, Arab men, including during the slave trade in North Africa, enslaved more black women than men. They used more black female slaves in domestic service and agriculture than males. The men interpreted the Qur'an to permit sexual relations between a male master and his female... | What does umm walad mean? | What does umm walad mean? | [
"What does umm walad mean?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"mother of a child\""
],
"answer_start": [
524
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15358 | 5706511d52bb8914006899e0 | Black_people | Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Moroc... | Who was the ruler in Morocco? | Who was the ruler in Morocco? | [
"Who was the ruler in Morocco?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15359 | 5706511d52bb8914006899e1 | Black_people | Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Moroc... | When did Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur rule? | When did Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur rule? | [
"When did Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur rule?"
] | {
"text": [
"from 1578 to 1608"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15360 | 5706511d52bb8914006899e2 | Black_people | Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Moroc... | What ethnicity was his mother? | What ethnicity was his mother? | [
"What ethnicity was his mother?"
] | {
"text": [
"Fulani"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15361 | 5706511d52bb8914006899e3 | Black_people | Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Moroc... | What Arabic term is still used for black people? | What Arabic term is still used for black people? | [
"What Arabic term is still used for black people?"
] | {
"text": [
"(Arabic: عبد,) (meaning \"slave\")"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15362 | 5706511d52bb8914006899e4 | Black_people | Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Moroc... | Who still had the term "slave" used in reference to them? | Who still had the term "slave" used in reference to them? | [
"Who still had the term \"slave\" used in reference to them?"
] | {
"text": [
"sub-Saharan peoples"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15363 | 570652ab75f01819005e7b46 | Black_people | In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against ... | When did the Arab apartheid intensify? | When did the Arab apartheid intensify? | [
"When did the Arab apartheid intensify? "
] | {
"text": [
"early 1991"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15364 | 570652ab75f01819005e7b47 | Black_people | In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against ... | Who felt persecuted due to the apartheid? | Who felt persecuted due to the apartheid? | [
"Who felt persecuted due to the apartheid?"
] | {
"text": [
"non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15365 | 570652ab75f01819005e7b48 | Black_people | In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against ... | Where did these people live? | Where did these people live? | [
"Where did these people live?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sudan"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15366 | 570652ab75f01819005e7b49 | Black_people | In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against ... | Who controlled the government? | Who controlled the government? | [
"Who controlled the government?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sudanese Arabs"
],
"answer_start": [
217
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15367 | 570652ab75f01819005e7b4a | Black_people | In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against ... | What was the government being accused of? | What was the government being accused of? | [
"What was the government being accused of?"
] | {
"text": [
"deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity\" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing."
],
"answer_start": [
378
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15368 | 5706602375f01819005e7b88 | Black_people | American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, "In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid." Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apart... | Who accused the Arab government of practicing acts of racism? | Who accused the Arab government of practicing acts of racism? | [
"Who accused the Arab government of practicing acts of racism?"
] | {
"text": [
"George Ayittey"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15369 | 5706602375f01819005e7b89 | Black_people | American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, "In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid." Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apart... | Who executed the apartheid? | Who executed the apartheid? | [
"Who executed the apartheid?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Arab government"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15370 | 5706602375f01819005e7b8a | Black_people | American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, "In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid." Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apart... | Who was excluded? | Who was excluded? | [
"Who was excluded?"
] | {
"text": [
"blacks"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15371 | 5706602375f01819005e7b8b | Black_people | American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, "In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid." Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apart... | Where were they? | Where were they? | [
"Where were they?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sudan"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15372 | 5706602375f01819005e7b8c | Black_people | American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, "In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid." Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apart... | What is George Ayittey's profession? | What is George Ayittey's profession? | [
"What is George Ayittey's profession? "
] | {
"text": [
"economist"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15373 | 5706621052bb891400689a04 | Black_people | Alan Dershowitz described Sudan as an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid." Former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler echoed the accusation. | Who was the Canadian Minister of Justice? | Who was the Canadian Minister of Justice? | [
"Who was the Canadian Minister of Justice?"
] | {
"text": [
"Irwin Cotler"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15374 | 5706621052bb891400689a05 | Black_people | Alan Dershowitz described Sudan as an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid." Former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler echoed the accusation. | How did Alan Dershozitz describe the Sudan? | How did Alan Dershozitz describe the Sudan? | [
"How did Alan Dershozitz describe the Sudan?"
] | {
"text": [
"an example of a government that \"actually deserve(s)\" the appellation \"apartheid.\""
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15375 | 5706621052bb891400689a06 | Black_people | Alan Dershowitz described Sudan as an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid." Former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler echoed the accusation. | Who argeed with Dershowitz? | Who argeed with Dershowitz? | [
"Who argeed with Dershowitz?"
] | {
"text": [
"Irwin Cotler"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15376 | 5706621052bb891400689a07 | Black_people | Alan Dershowitz described Sudan as an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid." Former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler echoed the accusation. | Where did Irwin Cotler live? | Where did Irwin Cotler live? | [
"Where did Irwin Cotler live?"
] | {
"text": [
"Canadian"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15377 | 5706931c52bb891400689a8a | Black_people | In South Africa, the period of colonization resulted in many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes, resulting in mixed-race children. As the Europeans acquired territory and imposed rule over the Africans, they generally pushed mixed-race and Africans into second-class status. ... | What did the colonization of South Africa result in? | What did the colonization of South Africa result in? | [
"What did the colonization of South Africa result in?"
] | {
"text": [
"many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15378 | 5706931c52bb891400689a8b | Black_people | In South Africa, the period of colonization resulted in many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes, resulting in mixed-race children. As the Europeans acquired territory and imposed rule over the Africans, they generally pushed mixed-race and Africans into second-class status. ... | What was a result of these marriages? | What was a result of these marriages? | [
"What was a result of these marriages?"
] | {
"text": [
"mixed-race children"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15379 | 5706931c52bb891400689a8c | Black_people | In South Africa, the period of colonization resulted in many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes, resulting in mixed-race children. As the Europeans acquired territory and imposed rule over the Africans, they generally pushed mixed-race and Africans into second-class status. ... | What class were Africans and Mixed Race children considered? | What class were Africans and Mixed Race children considered? | [
"What class were Africans and Mixed Race children considered?"
] | {
"text": [
"second-class"
],
"answer_start": [
299
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15380 | 5706931c52bb891400689a8d | Black_people | In South Africa, the period of colonization resulted in many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes, resulting in mixed-race children. As the Europeans acquired territory and imposed rule over the Africans, they generally pushed mixed-race and Africans into second-class status. ... | Who was included in the Coloured group? | Who was included in the Coloured group? | [
"Who was included in the Coloured group?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bantu, Khoisan, and European descent"
],
"answer_start": [
558
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15381 | 5706931c52bb891400689a8e | Black_people | In South Africa, the period of colonization resulted in many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes, resulting in mixed-race children. As the Europeans acquired territory and imposed rule over the Africans, they generally pushed mixed-race and Africans into second-class status. ... | What does apartheid mean? | What does apartheid mean? | [
"What does apartheid mean?"
] | {
"text": [
"a system of legal racial segregation"
],
"answer_start": [
791
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15382 | 5706939352bb891400689a94 | Black_people | The apartheid bureaucracy devised complex (and often arbitrary) criteria in the Population Registration Act of 1945 to determine who belonged in which group. Minor officials administered tests to enforce the classifications. When it was unclear from a person's physical appearance whether the individual should be consid... | What act determined what class a citizen belonged to? | What act determined what class a citizen belonged to? | [
"What act determined what class a citizen belonged to?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Population Registration Act of 1945"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15383 | 5706939352bb891400689a95 | Black_people | The apartheid bureaucracy devised complex (and often arbitrary) criteria in the Population Registration Act of 1945 to determine who belonged in which group. Minor officials administered tests to enforce the classifications. When it was unclear from a person's physical appearance whether the individual should be consid... | What test was used to determine if someone was coloured or black? | What test was used to determine if someone was coloured or black? | [
"What test was used to determine if someone was coloured or black?"
] | {
"text": [
"pencil test"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15384 | 5706939352bb891400689a96 | Black_people | The apartheid bureaucracy devised complex (and often arbitrary) criteria in the Population Registration Act of 1945 to determine who belonged in which group. Minor officials administered tests to enforce the classifications. When it was unclear from a person's physical appearance whether the individual should be consid... | How did the pencil test work? | How did the pencil test work? | [
"How did the pencil test work?"
] | {
"text": [
"A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15385 | 5706939352bb891400689a97 | Black_people | The apartheid bureaucracy devised complex (and often arbitrary) criteria in the Population Registration Act of 1945 to determine who belonged in which group. Minor officials administered tests to enforce the classifications. When it was unclear from a person's physical appearance whether the individual should be consid... | Who administered the "Pencil Test"? | Who administered the "Pencil Test"? | [
"Who administered the \"Pencil Test\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"Minor officials"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15386 | 57069d2c75f01819005e7c4a | Black_people | Sandra Laing is a South African woman who was classified as Coloured by authorities during the apartheid era, due to her skin colour and hair texture, although her parents could prove at least three generations of European ancestors. At age 10, she was expelled from her all-white school. The officials' decisions based ... | Who was featured in the movie "Skin"? | Who was featured in the movie "Skin"? | [
"Who was featured in the movie \"Skin\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sandra Laing"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15387 | 57069d2c75f01819005e7c4b | Black_people | Sandra Laing is a South African woman who was classified as Coloured by authorities during the apartheid era, due to her skin colour and hair texture, although her parents could prove at least three generations of European ancestors. At age 10, she was expelled from her all-white school. The officials' decisions based ... | What year was the movie "Skin" made? | What year was the movie "Skin" made? | [
"What year was the movie \"Skin\" made?"
] | {
"text": [
"2008"
],
"answer_start": [
412
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15388 | 57069d2c75f01819005e7c4c | Black_people | Sandra Laing is a South African woman who was classified as Coloured by authorities during the apartheid era, due to her skin colour and hair texture, although her parents could prove at least three generations of European ancestors. At age 10, she was expelled from her all-white school. The officials' decisions based ... | At was age was Sandra Laing expelled from school? | At was age was Sandra Laing expelled from school? | [
"At was age was Sandra Laing expelled from school?"
] | {
"text": [
"age 10"
],
"answer_start": [
237
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15389 | 57069d2c75f01819005e7c4d | Black_people | Sandra Laing is a South African woman who was classified as Coloured by authorities during the apartheid era, due to her skin colour and hair texture, although her parents could prove at least three generations of European ancestors. At age 10, she was expelled from her all-white school. The officials' decisions based ... | What is Sandra Laing's ethnicity? | What is Sandra Laing's ethnicity? | [
"What is Sandra Laing's ethnicity? "
] | {
"text": [
"South African"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15390 | 57069d2c75f01819005e7c4e | Black_people | Sandra Laing is a South African woman who was classified as Coloured by authorities during the apartheid era, due to her skin colour and hair texture, although her parents could prove at least three generations of European ancestors. At age 10, she was expelled from her all-white school. The officials' decisions based ... | How many generations of European Ancestors does Sandra Laing have? | How many generations of European Ancestors does Sandra Laing have? | [
"How many generations of European Ancestors does Sandra Laing have?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
193
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15391 | 57069fe575f01819005e7c68 | Black_people | During the apartheid era, those classed as "Coloured" were oppressed and discriminated against. But, they had limited rights and overall had slightly better socioeconomic conditions than those classed as "Black". The government required that Blacks and Coloureds live in areas separate from Whites, creating large townsh... | Who was oppressed and discriminated against? | Who was oppressed and discriminated against? | [
"Who was oppressed and discriminated against?"
] | {
"text": [
"those classed as \"Coloured\""
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15392 | 57069fe575f01819005e7c69 | Black_people | During the apartheid era, those classed as "Coloured" were oppressed and discriminated against. But, they had limited rights and overall had slightly better socioeconomic conditions than those classed as "Black". The government required that Blacks and Coloureds live in areas separate from Whites, creating large townsh... | What era did this discrimination take place? | What era did this discrimination take place? | [
"What era did this discrimination take place?"
] | {
"text": [
"During the apartheid era"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15393 | 57069fe575f01819005e7c6a | Black_people | During the apartheid era, those classed as "Coloured" were oppressed and discriminated against. But, they had limited rights and overall had slightly better socioeconomic conditions than those classed as "Black". The government required that Blacks and Coloureds live in areas separate from Whites, creating large townsh... | Who were "Coloured" people above in the class system? | Who were "Coloured" people above in the class system? | [
"Who were \"Coloured\" people above in the class system?"
] | {
"text": [
"those classed as \"Black\""
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15394 | 57069fe575f01819005e7c6b | Black_people | During the apartheid era, those classed as "Coloured" were oppressed and discriminated against. But, they had limited rights and overall had slightly better socioeconomic conditions than those classed as "Black". The government required that Blacks and Coloureds live in areas separate from Whites, creating large townsh... | Where were the "black" areas? | Where were the "black" areas? | [
"Where were the \"black\" areas?"
] | {
"text": [
"large townships located away from the cities"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15395 | 5706a30b75f01819005e7c8e | Black_people | In the post-apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a "Non-racial democracy". In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define "Black" people to include "Africans", "Colour... | What did South Africa's Constitution Declare to be? | What did South Africa's Constitution Declare to be? | [
"What did South Africa's Constitution Declare to be?"
] | {
"text": [
"a \"Non-racial democracy\""
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15396 | 5706a30b75f01819005e7c8f | Black_people | In the post-apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a "Non-racial democracy". In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define "Black" people to include "Africans", "Colour... | What laws did they introduce to support blacks? | What laws did they introduce to support blacks? | [
"What laws did they introduce to support blacks?"
] | {
"text": [
"affirmative action policies"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15397 | 5706a30b75f01819005e7c90 | Black_people | In the post-apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a "Non-racial democracy". In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define "Black" people to include "Africans", "Colour... | Who does the term "black" people include? | Who does the term "black" people include? | [
"Who does the term \"black\" people include?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Africans\", \"Coloureds\" and \"Asians\""
],
"answer_start": [
301
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15398 | 5706a30b75f01819005e7c91 | Black_people | In the post-apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a "Non-racial democracy". In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define "Black" people to include "Africans", "Colour... | Who makes the "Coloured" people feel "Not black enough"? | Who makes the "Coloured" people feel "Not black enough"? | [
"Who makes the \"Coloured\" people feel \"Not black enough\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"ANC (African National Congress)"
],
"answer_start": [
729
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15399 | 5706a30b75f01819005e7c92 | Black_people | In the post-apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a "Non-racial democracy". In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define "Black" people to include "Africans", "Colour... | Who is favored more under the affirmative action policies? | Who is favored more under the affirmative action policies? | [
"Who is favored more under the affirmative action policies? "
] | {
"text": [
"\"Africans"
],
"answer_start": [
378
]
} |
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