gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-35500 | 5ad0f778645df0001a2d08e7 | Gothic_architecture | Romanesque architecture in Germany, Poland, the Czech Lands and Austria is characterised by its massive and modular nature. This is expressed in the Gothic architecture of Central Europe in the huge size of the towers and spires, often projected, but not always completed. The west front generally follows the French for... | What are hall churches in German cathedrals no longer known as? | What are hall churches in German cathedrals no longer known as? | [
"What are hall churches in German cathedrals no longer known as?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35501 | 5726cac1dd62a815002e9068 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula? | What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula? | [
"What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula? "
] | {
"text": [
"their spatial complexity"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35502 | 5726cac1dd62a815002e9069 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What size are the arcades of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula? | What size are the arcades of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula? | [
"What size are the arcades of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula?"
] | {
"text": [
"very tall arcades"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35503 | 5726cac1dd62a815002e906a | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What type of architecture is a prominent influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula? | What type of architecture is a prominent influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula? | [
"What type of architecture is a prominent influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula? "
] | {
"text": [
"Islamic architecture"
],
"answer_start": [
691
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35504 | 5726cac1dd62a815002e906b | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resemble? | What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resemble? | [
"What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resemble?"
] | {
"text": [
"a French west front"
],
"answer_start": [
876
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35505 | 5726cac1dd62a815002e906c | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What style are the spires at Burgos Cathedral? | What style are the spires at Burgos Cathedral? | [
"What style are the spires at Burgos Cathedral?"
] | {
"text": [
"German style"
],
"answer_start": [
1081
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35506 | 5ad0f821645df0001a2d0900 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian continent? | What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian continent? | [
"What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian continent?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35507 | 5ad0f821645df0001a2d0901 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What size are the arcades of Gothic malls of the Iberian Peninsula? | What size are the arcades of Gothic malls of the Iberian Peninsula? | [
"What size are the arcades of Gothic malls of the Iberian Peninsula?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35508 | 5ad0f821645df0001a2d0902 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resent? | What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resent? | [
"What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resent?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35509 | 5ad0f821645df0001a2d0903 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What style are the spirals at Burgos Cathedral? | What style are the spirals at Burgos Cathedral? | [
"What style are the spirals at Burgos Cathedral?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35510 | 5ad0f821645df0001a2d0904 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o... | What type of architecture lost influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula? | What type of architecture lost influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula? | [
"What type of architecture lost influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35511 | 5726cc61708984140094d1a5 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What is the unique characteristic of Italian Gothic design? | What is the unique characteristic of Italian Gothic design? | [
"What is the unique characteristic of Italian Gothic design?"
] | {
"text": [
"the use of polychrome decoration"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35512 | 5726cc61708984140094d1a6 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals often painted? | What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals often painted? | [
"What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals often painted?"
] | {
"text": [
"the columns may be painted red"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35513 | 5726cc61708984140094d1a7 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What type of arches do they love to use in Venice? | What type of arches do they love to use in Venice? | [
"What type of arches do they love to use in Venice?"
] | {
"text": [
"they loved flamboyant arches"
],
"answer_start": [
570
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35514 | 5726cc61708984140094d1a8 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | Instead of rose windows, what type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually feature? | Instead of rose windows, what type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually feature? | [
"Instead of rose windows, what type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually feature?"
] | {
"text": [
"occular or wheel windows"
],
"answer_start": [
869
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35515 | 5726cc61708984140094d1a9 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cathedrals? | What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cathedrals? | [
"What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cathedrals?"
] | {
"text": [
"the fresco"
],
"answer_start": [
1268
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35516 | 5ad0f8b2645df0001a2d0914 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What is the worst characteristic of Italian Gothic design? | What is the worst characteristic of Italian Gothic design? | [
"What is the worst characteristic of Italian Gothic design?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35517 | 5ad0f8b2645df0001a2d0915 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals always painted? | What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals always painted? | [
"What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals always painted?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35518 | 5ad0f8b2645df0001a2d0916 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What type of arches do they never use in Venice? | What type of arches do they never use in Venice? | [
"What type of arches do they never use in Venice?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35519 | 5ad0f8b2645df0001a2d0917 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually forbid? | What type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually forbid? | [
"What type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually forbid?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35520 | 5ad0f8b2645df0001a2d0918 | Gothic_architecture | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cinemas? | What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cinemas? | [
"What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cinemas?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35521 | 5726cda3708984140094d1c1 | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | Who was the Royal palace of Olite built for? | Who was the Royal palace of Olite built for? | [
"Who was the Royal palace of Olite built for?"
] | {
"text": [
"the kings of Navarre"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35522 | 5726cda3708984140094d1c2 | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | Who was the Malbork Castle built for? | Who was the Malbork Castle built for? | [
"Who was the Malbork Castle built for?"
] | {
"text": [
"the master of the Teutonic order"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35523 | 5726cda3708984140094d1c3 | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | What type of Gothic architecture is the Malbork Castle an example of? | What type of Gothic architecture is the Malbork Castle an example of? | [
"What type of Gothic architecture is the Malbork Castle an example of?"
] | {
"text": [
"Brick Gothic architecture"
],
"answer_start": [
256
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35524 | 5726cda3708984140094d1c4 | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | What is the name of the royal residence built for the kings of France in Paris? | What is the name of the royal residence built for the kings of France in Paris? | [
"What is the name of the royal residence built for the kings of France in Paris?"
] | {
"text": [
"the famous Conciergerie"
],
"answer_start": [
461
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35525 | 5726cda3708984140094d1c5 | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | When was the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona constructed? | When was the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona constructed? | [
"When was the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona constructed?"
] | {
"text": [
"built in the 15th century"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35526 | 5ad0f932645df0001a2d0928 | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | Who was the Royal palace of Olite pillaged for? | Who was the Royal palace of Olite pillaged for? | [
"Who was the Royal palace of Olite pillaged for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35527 | 5ad0f932645df0001a2d0929 | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | Who was the Malbork Castle burned for? | Who was the Malbork Castle burned for? | [
"Who was the Malbork Castle burned for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35528 | 5ad0f932645df0001a2d092a | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | What type of Gothic architecture is the Malbork Castle a poor example of? | What type of Gothic architecture is the Malbork Castle a poor example of? | [
"What type of Gothic architecture is the Malbork Castle a poor example of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35529 | 5ad0f932645df0001a2d092b | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | When was the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona deconstructed? | When was the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona deconstructed? | [
"When was the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona deconstructed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35530 | 5ad0f932645df0001a2d092c | Gothic_architecture | The Palais des Papes in Avignon is the best complete large royal palace, alongside the Royal palace of Olite, built during the 13th and 14th centuries for the kings of Navarre. The Malbork Castle built for the master of the Teutonic order is an example of Brick Gothic architecture. Partial survivals of former royal res... | What is the name of the special residence built for the citizens of France in Paris? | What is the name of the special residence built for the citizens of France in Paris? | [
"What is the name of the special residence built for the citizens of France in Paris?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35531 | 5726cf16dd62a815002e90ec | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 14th century? | What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 14th century? | [
"What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 14th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"Stralsund town halls"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35532 | 5726cf16dd62a815002e90ed | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | When was Brussels Town Hall built? | When was Brussels Town Hall built? | [
"When was Brussels Town Hall built?"
] | {
"text": [
"built during the 15th century"
],
"answer_start": [
306
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35533 | 5726cf16dd62a815002e90ee | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | What is the name of the secular building in Spain which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange? | What is the name of the secular building in Spain which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange? | [
"What is the name of the secular building in Spain which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Llotja de la Seda of Valencia"
],
"answer_start": [
765
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35534 | 5726cf16dd62a815002e90ef | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | What is the name of the 13th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena? | What is the name of the 13th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena? | [
"What is the name of the 13th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Palazzo Pubblico"
],
"answer_start": [
952
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35535 | 5726cf16dd62a815002e90f0 | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | Impressive public secular architecture can also be found in what other Italian city? | Impressive public secular architecture can also be found in what other Italian city? | [
"Impressive public secular architecture can also be found in what other Italian city?"
] | {
"text": [
"Florence"
],
"answer_start": [
1112
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35536 | 5ad0f9d0645df0001a2d0932 | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 12th century? | What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 12th century? | [
"What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 12th century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35537 | 5ad0f9d0645df0001a2d0933 | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | When was Brussels Town Hall hidden? | When was Brussels Town Hall hidden? | [
"When was Brussels Town Hall hidden?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35538 | 5ad0f9d0645df0001a2d0934 | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | What is the name of the secular building in space which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange? | What is the name of the secular building in space which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange? | [
"What is the name of the secular building in space which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35539 | 5ad0f9d0645df0001a2d0935 | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | What is the name of the 18th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena? | What is the name of the 18th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena? | [
"What is the name of the 18th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35540 | 5ad0f9d0645df0001a2d0936 | Gothic_architecture | Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during t... | What is the only Italian city with public secular architecture? | What is the only Italian city with public secular architecture? | [
"What is the only Italian city with public secular architecture?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35541 | 5726d047f1498d1400e8ec06 | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | In what era had university towns grown in wealth and importance? | In what era had university towns grown in wealth and importance? | [
"In what era had university towns grown in wealth and importance?"
] | {
"text": [
"the late Middle Ages"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35542 | 5726d047f1498d1400e8ec07 | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 15th centuries? | What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 15th centuries? | [
"What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 15th centuries?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Collegio di Spagna"
],
"answer_start": [
232
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35543 | 5726d047f1498d1400e8ec08 | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bohemia? | What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bohemia? | [
"What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bohemia?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Collegium Carolinum"
],
"answer_start": [
327
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35544 | 5726d047f1498d1400e8ec09 | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What is the name of the secular building at the University of Salamanca in Spain? | What is the name of the secular building at the University of Salamanca in Spain? | [
"What is the name of the secular building at the University of Salamanca in Spain? "
] | {
"text": [
"the Escuelas mayores"
],
"answer_start": [
391
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35545 | 5726d047f1498d1400e8ec0a | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What is the name of the secular building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland? | What is the name of the secular building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland? | [
"What is the name of the secular building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Collegium Maius"
],
"answer_start": [
497
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35546 | 5ad0fabd645df0001a2d093c | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What era had university towns lost wealth and importance? | What era had university towns lost wealth and importance? | [
"What era had university towns lost wealth and importance?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35547 | 5ad0fabd645df0001a2d093d | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 17th centuries? | What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 17th centuries? | [
"What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 17th centuries?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35548 | 5ad0fabd645df0001a2d093e | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bahamas? | What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bahamas? | [
"What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bahamas?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35549 | 5ad0fabd645df0001a2d093f | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | When was the Escuelas mayores building of the University of Salamanca in Spain destroyed? | When was the Escuelas mayores building of the University of Salamanca in Spain destroyed? | [
"When was the Escuelas mayores building of the University of Salamanca in Spain destroyed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35550 | 5ad0fabd645df0001a2d0940 | Gothic_architecture | By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th cent... | What is no longer the name of the building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland? | What is no longer the name of the building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland? | [
"What is no longer the name of the building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35551 | 5726d18a708984140094d22d | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | What is one city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? | What is one city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? | [
"What is one city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? "
] | {
"text": [
"Bruges"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35552 | 5726d18a708984140094d22e | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | What is another city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? | What is another city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? | [
"What is another city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? "
] | {
"text": [
"Siena"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35553 | 5726d18a708984140094d22f | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | What style are most windows on secular Gothic structures? | What style are most windows on secular Gothic structures? | [
"What style are most windows on secular Gothic structures?"
] | {
"text": [
"flat-topped with mullions"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35554 | 5726d18a708984140094d230 | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings found on most secular Gothic structures? | Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings found on most secular Gothic structures? | [
"Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings found on most secular Gothic structures?"
] | {
"text": [
"a few focal points"
],
"answer_start": [
264
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35555 | 5726d18a708984140094d231 | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | What is the name of the surviving monastic building in England? | What is the name of the surviving monastic building in England? | [
"What is the name of the surviving monastic building in England? "
] | {
"text": [
"Mont Saint-Michel"
],
"answer_start": [
540
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35556 | 5ad0fc08645df0001a2d0964 | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | What is the only city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? | What is the only city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures? | [
"What is the only city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35557 | 5ad0fc08645df0001a2d0965 | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | What style are all windows on secular Gothic structures? | What style are all windows on secular Gothic structures? | [
"What style are all windows on secular Gothic structures?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35558 | 5ad0fc08645df0001a2d0966 | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings concealed on most secular Gothic structures? | Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings concealed on most secular Gothic structures? | [
"Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings concealed on most secular Gothic structures?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35559 | 5ad0fc08645df0001a2d0967 | Gothic_architecture | Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility w... | What is the name of the surviving monastic building in Egypt? | What is the name of the surviving monastic building in Egypt? | [
"What is the name of the surviving monastic building in Egypt?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35560 | 5726d2ce5951b619008f7f17 | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | What is the name of the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence? | What is the name of the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence? | [
"What is the name of the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lambeth Palace"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35561 | 5726d2ce5951b619008f7f18 | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | In what year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof installed on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence? | In what year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof installed on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence? | [
"In what year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof installed on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence?"
] | {
"text": [
"In 1663"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35562 | 5726d2ce5951b619008f7f19 | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | In what century were distinct Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Cambridge? | In what century were distinct Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Cambridge? | [
"In what century were distinct Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Cambridge?"
] | {
"text": [
"the late 17th century"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35563 | 5726d2ce5951b619008f7f1a | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | Who used Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford? | Who used Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford? | [
"Who used Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford?"
] | {
"text": [
"Christopher Wren"
],
"answer_start": [
375
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35564 | 5ad0fc8f645df0001a2d0976 | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | What is the location of the Archbishop of Canterbury's dentist? | What is the location of the Archbishop of Canterbury's dentist? | [
"What is the location of the Archbishop of Canterbury's dentist?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35565 | 5ad0fc8f645df0001a2d0977 | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | What year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof stolen on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence? | What year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof stolen on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence? | [
"What year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof stolen on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35566 | 5ad0fc8f645df0001a2d0978 | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | What century were vague Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Yale? | What century were vague Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Yale? | [
"What century were vague Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Yale?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35567 | 5ad0fc8f645df0001a2d0979 | Gothic_architecture | In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge Univers... | Who avoided Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford? | Who avoided Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford? | [
"Who avoided Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35568 | 5726d4dfdd62a815002e919a | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | When was neo-Gothic popularized by influential figures? | When was neo-Gothic popularized by influential figures? | [
"When was neo-Gothic popularized by influential figures?"
] | {
"text": [
"during the second quarter of the 19th century"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35569 | 5726d4dfdd62a815002e919b | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | In Britain after 1837, what was the Gothic revival known as? | In Britain after 1837, what was the Gothic revival known as? | [
"In Britain after 1837, what was the Gothic revival known as?"
] | {
"text": [
"Victorian Gothic"
],
"answer_start": [
456
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35570 | 5726d4dfdd62a815002e919c | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | During what years was the High Victorian Gothic period in Britain? | During what years was the High Victorian Gothic period in Britain? | [
"During what years was the High Victorian Gothic period in Britain?"
] | {
"text": [
"1855–1885"
],
"answer_start": [
600
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35571 | 5726d4dfdd62a815002e919d | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | What movement was responsible for the philosophy which led to the revival of Anglo Catholic ideas? | What movement was responsible for the philosophy which led to the revival of Anglo Catholic ideas? | [
"What movement was responsible for the philosophy which led to the revival of Anglo Catholic ideas? "
] | {
"text": [
"the Oxford Movement"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35572 | 5726d4dfdd62a815002e919e | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | Besides ecclesiastical and civic architecture, what other style of architecture did influential figures of the 19th century prefer to use Victorian Gothic for? | Besides ecclesiastical and civic architecture, what other style of architecture did influential figures of the 19th century prefer to use Victorian Gothic for? | [
"Besides ecclesiastical and civic architecture, what other style of architecture did influential figures of the 19th century prefer to use Victorian Gothic for?"
] | {
"text": [
"institutional architecture"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35573 | 5ad0fd74645df0001a2d0988 | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | When was neo-Gothic forgotten by influential figures? | When was neo-Gothic forgotten by influential figures? | [
"When was neo-Gothic forgotten by influential figures?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35574 | 5ad0fd74645df0001a2d0989 | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | What was the Gothic death known as in Britain after 1827? | What was the Gothic death known as in Britain after 1827? | [
"What was the Gothic death known as in Britain after 1827?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35575 | 5ad0fd74645df0001a2d098a | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | What year was the High Victorian Gothic period in Africa? | What year was the High Victorian Gothic period in Africa? | [
"What year was the High Victorian Gothic period in Africa?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35576 | 5ad0fd74645df0001a2d098b | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | What movement was responsible for the philosophy which led to the end of Anglo Catholic ideas? | What movement was responsible for the philosophy which led to the end of Anglo Catholic ideas? | [
"What movement was responsible for the philosophy which led to the end of Anglo Catholic ideas?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35577 | 5ad0fd74645df0001a2d098c | Gothic_architecture | In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecc... | What other style of architecture did influential figures of the 14th century prefer to use Victorian Gothic for? | What other style of architecture did influential figures of the 14th century prefer to use Victorian Gothic for? | [
"What other style of architecture did influential figures of the 14th century prefer to use Victorian Gothic for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35578 | 5726d5d3708984140094d2d3 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who was the exterior architect of the Houses of Parliament? | Who was the exterior architect of the Houses of Parliament? | [
"Who was the exterior architect of the Houses of Parliament?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sir Charles Barry"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35579 | 5726d5d3708984140094d2d4 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who was the interior architect of the Houses of Parliament? | Who was the interior architect of the Houses of Parliament? | [
"Who was the interior architect of the Houses of Parliament?"
] | {
"text": [
"Augustus Welby Pugin"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35580 | 5726d5d3708984140094d2d5 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament exemplify? | What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament exemplify? | [
"What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament exemplify?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Gothic revival style"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35581 | 5726d5d3708984140094d2d6 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who designed the Albert Memorial in London? | Who designed the Albert Memorial in London? | [
"Who designed the Albert Memorial in London?"
] | {
"text": [
"George Gilbert Scott"
],
"answer_start": [
306
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35582 | 5726d5d3708984140094d2d7 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who designed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford? | Who designed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford? | [
"Who designed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford?"
] | {
"text": [
"William Butterfield"
],
"answer_start": [
375
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35583 | 5ad0fded645df0001a2d0992 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who was the failed architect of the Houses of Parliament? | Who was the failed architect of the Houses of Parliament? | [
"Who was the failed architect of the Houses of Parliament?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35584 | 5ad0fded645df0001a2d0993 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who was the cook of the Houses of Parliament? | Who was the cook of the Houses of Parliament? | [
"Who was the cook of the Houses of Parliament?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35585 | 5ad0fded645df0001a2d0994 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament mock? | What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament mock? | [
"What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament mock?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35586 | 5ad0fded645df0001a2d0995 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who designed the Albert Memorial in Germany? | Who designed the Albert Memorial in Germany? | [
"Who designed the Albert Memorial in Germany?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35587 | 5ad0fded645df0001a2d0996 | Gothic_architecture | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who destroyed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford? | Who destroyed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford? | [
"Who destroyed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35588 | 5726d73d708984140094d30f | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | Who was the main figure of the Gothic Revival in France? | Who was the main figure of the Gothic Revival in France? | [
"Who was the main figure of the Gothic Revival in France?"
] | {
"text": [
"Eugène Viollet-le-Duc"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35589 | 5726d73d708984140094d310 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | What famous French cathedral was restored and reconstructed by Viollet-le-Duc? | What famous French cathedral was restored and reconstructed by Viollet-le-Duc? | [
"What famous French cathedral was restored and reconstructed by Viollet-le-Duc?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Abbey of Saint-Denis"
],
"answer_start": [
541
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35590 | 5726d73d708984140094d311 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to work with? | What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to work with? | [
"What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to work with?"
] | {
"text": [
"cast iron"
],
"answer_start": [
799
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35591 | 5726d73d708984140094d312 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | In what fortified city in Southern France did Viollet-le-Duc recreate historical Gothic constructions? | In what fortified city in Southern France did Viollet-le-Duc recreate historical Gothic constructions? | [
"In what fortified city in Southern France did Viollet-le-Duc recreate historical Gothic constructions?"
] | {
"text": [
"Carcassonne"
],
"answer_start": [
217
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35592 | 5726d73d708984140094d313 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | What other famous French cathedral did Viollet-le-Duc work on? | What other famous French cathedral did Viollet-le-Duc work on? | [
"What other famous French cathedral did Viollet-le-Duc work on?"
] | {
"text": [
"Notre Dame de Paris"
],
"answer_start": [
582
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35593 | 5ad0fe89645df0001a2d09a4 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | Who was the villain of the Gothic Revival in France? | Who was the villain of the Gothic Revival in France? | [
"Who was the villain of the Gothic Revival in France?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35594 | 5ad0fe89645df0001a2d09a5 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | What famous French cathedral was ruined by Viollet-le-Duc? | What famous French cathedral was ruined by Viollet-le-Duc? | [
"What famous French cathedral was ruined by Viollet-le-Duc?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35595 | 5ad0fe89645df0001a2d09a6 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to avoid? | What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to avoid? | [
"What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to avoid?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35596 | 5ad0fe89645df0001a2d09a7 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | What other famous American cathedral did Viollet-le-Duc work on? | What other famous American cathedral did Viollet-le-Duc work on? | [
"What other famous American cathedral did Viollet-le-Duc work on?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35597 | 5ad0fe89645df0001a2d09a8 | Gothic_architecture | In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-... | What empty city in Northern France did Viollet-le-Duc recreate historical Gothic constructions? | What empty city in Northern France did Viollet-le-Duc recreate historical Gothic constructions? | [
"What empty city in Northern France did Viollet-le-Duc recreate historical Gothic constructions?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35598 | 5709d00a6d058f1900182bb8 | Imperial_College_London | The Royal College of Chemistry was established by private subscription in 1845 as there was a growing awareness that practical aspects of the experimental sciences were not well taught and that in the United Kingdom the teaching of chemistry in particular had fallen behind that in Germany. As a result of a movement ear... | When was the Royal College of Chemistry established? | When was the Royal College of Chemistry established? | [
"When was the Royal College of Chemistry established?"
] | {
"text": [
"1845"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35599 | 5709d00a6d058f1900182bb9 | Imperial_College_London | The Royal College of Chemistry was established by private subscription in 1845 as there was a growing awareness that practical aspects of the experimental sciences were not well taught and that in the United Kingdom the teaching of chemistry in particular had fallen behind that in Germany. As a result of a movement ear... | Which politicians donated funds to establish the Royal College of Chemistry? | Which politicians donated funds to establish the Royal College of Chemistry? | [
"Which politicians donated funds to establish the Royal College of Chemistry?"
] | {
"text": [
"Benjamin Disraeli, William Gladstone and Robert Peel"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} |
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