gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-5000 | 56e13568cd28a01900c676b5 | Boston | Boston is sometimes called a "city of neighborhoods" because of the profusion of diverse subsections; the city government's Office of Neighborhood Services has officially designated 23 neighborhoods. | What s Boston sometimes called? | What s Boston sometimes called? | [
"What s Boston sometimes called?"
] | {
"text": [
"city of neighborhoods"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5001 | 56e13568cd28a01900c676b6 | Boston | Boston is sometimes called a "city of neighborhoods" because of the profusion of diverse subsections; the city government's Office of Neighborhood Services has officially designated 23 neighborhoods. | How many neighborhoods are in Boston? | How many neighborhoods are in Boston? | [
"How many neighborhoods are in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"23 neighborhoods"
],
"answer_start": [
182
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5002 | 56e13568cd28a01900c676b7 | Boston | Boston is sometimes called a "city of neighborhoods" because of the profusion of diverse subsections; the city government's Office of Neighborhood Services has officially designated 23 neighborhoods. | What division of the City Government designated the 23 neighborhoods? | What division of the City Government designated the 23 neighborhoods? | [
"What division of the City Government designated the 23 neighborhoods?"
] | {
"text": [
"Office of Neighborhood Services"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5003 | 56e136e7cd28a01900c676bb | Boston | More than two-thirds of inner Boston's modern land area did not exist when the city was founded, but was created via the gradual filling in of the surrounding tidal areas over the centuries, notably with earth from the leveling or lowering of Boston's three original hills (the "Trimountain", after which Tremont Street is named), and with gravel brought by train from Needham to fill the Back Bay. Downtown and its immediate surroundings consists largely of low-rise (often Federal style and Greek Revival) masonry buildings, interspersed with modern highrises, notably in the Financial District, Government Center, and South Boston. Back Bay includes many prominent landmarks, such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings—the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. Near the John Hancock Tower is the old John Hancock Building with its prominent illuminated beacon, the color of which forecasts the weather. Smaller commercial areas are interspersed among areas of single-family homes and wooden/brick multi-family row houses. The South End Historic District is the largest surviving contiguous Victorian-era neighborhood in the US. The geography of downtown and South Boston was particularly impacted by the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (known unofficially as the "Big Dig"), which allowed for the removal of the unsightly elevated Central Artery and the incorporation of new green spaces and open areas. | How much of Inner Bostons land area did not exist when the city was founded? | How much of Inner Bostons land area did not exist when the city was founded? | [
"How much of Inner Bostons land area did not exist when the city was founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"More than two-thirds"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5004 | 56e136e7cd28a01900c676bc | Boston | More than two-thirds of inner Boston's modern land area did not exist when the city was founded, but was created via the gradual filling in of the surrounding tidal areas over the centuries, notably with earth from the leveling or lowering of Boston's three original hills (the "Trimountain", after which Tremont Street is named), and with gravel brought by train from Needham to fill the Back Bay. Downtown and its immediate surroundings consists largely of low-rise (often Federal style and Greek Revival) masonry buildings, interspersed with modern highrises, notably in the Financial District, Government Center, and South Boston. Back Bay includes many prominent landmarks, such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings—the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. Near the John Hancock Tower is the old John Hancock Building with its prominent illuminated beacon, the color of which forecasts the weather. Smaller commercial areas are interspersed among areas of single-family homes and wooden/brick multi-family row houses. The South End Historic District is the largest surviving contiguous Victorian-era neighborhood in the US. The geography of downtown and South Boston was particularly impacted by the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (known unofficially as the "Big Dig"), which allowed for the removal of the unsightly elevated Central Artery and the incorporation of new green spaces and open areas. | The modern land area was created by the gradual filling in of surrounding what? | The modern land area was created by the gradual filling in of surrounding what? | [
"The modern land area was created by the gradual filling in of surrounding what?"
] | {
"text": [
"tidal areas"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5005 | 56e136e7cd28a01900c676bd | Boston | More than two-thirds of inner Boston's modern land area did not exist when the city was founded, but was created via the gradual filling in of the surrounding tidal areas over the centuries, notably with earth from the leveling or lowering of Boston's three original hills (the "Trimountain", after which Tremont Street is named), and with gravel brought by train from Needham to fill the Back Bay. Downtown and its immediate surroundings consists largely of low-rise (often Federal style and Greek Revival) masonry buildings, interspersed with modern highrises, notably in the Financial District, Government Center, and South Boston. Back Bay includes many prominent landmarks, such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings—the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. Near the John Hancock Tower is the old John Hancock Building with its prominent illuminated beacon, the color of which forecasts the weather. Smaller commercial areas are interspersed among areas of single-family homes and wooden/brick multi-family row houses. The South End Historic District is the largest surviving contiguous Victorian-era neighborhood in the US. The geography of downtown and South Boston was particularly impacted by the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (known unofficially as the "Big Dig"), which allowed for the removal of the unsightly elevated Central Artery and the incorporation of new green spaces and open areas. | Tremont Street is named after what original hill in Boston? | Tremont Street is named after what original hill in Boston? | [
"Tremont Street is named after what original hill in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"Trimountain"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5006 | 56e136e7cd28a01900c676be | Boston | More than two-thirds of inner Boston's modern land area did not exist when the city was founded, but was created via the gradual filling in of the surrounding tidal areas over the centuries, notably with earth from the leveling or lowering of Boston's three original hills (the "Trimountain", after which Tremont Street is named), and with gravel brought by train from Needham to fill the Back Bay. Downtown and its immediate surroundings consists largely of low-rise (often Federal style and Greek Revival) masonry buildings, interspersed with modern highrises, notably in the Financial District, Government Center, and South Boston. Back Bay includes many prominent landmarks, such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings—the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. Near the John Hancock Tower is the old John Hancock Building with its prominent illuminated beacon, the color of which forecasts the weather. Smaller commercial areas are interspersed among areas of single-family homes and wooden/brick multi-family row houses. The South End Historic District is the largest surviving contiguous Victorian-era neighborhood in the US. The geography of downtown and South Boston was particularly impacted by the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (known unofficially as the "Big Dig"), which allowed for the removal of the unsightly elevated Central Artery and the incorporation of new green spaces and open areas. | A train full of gravel came from Needham to fill what? | A train full of gravel came from Needham to fill what? | [
"A train full of gravel came from Needham to fill what?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Back Bay"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5007 | 56e136e7cd28a01900c676bf | Boston | More than two-thirds of inner Boston's modern land area did not exist when the city was founded, but was created via the gradual filling in of the surrounding tidal areas over the centuries, notably with earth from the leveling or lowering of Boston's three original hills (the "Trimountain", after which Tremont Street is named), and with gravel brought by train from Needham to fill the Back Bay. Downtown and its immediate surroundings consists largely of low-rise (often Federal style and Greek Revival) masonry buildings, interspersed with modern highrises, notably in the Financial District, Government Center, and South Boston. Back Bay includes many prominent landmarks, such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings—the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. Near the John Hancock Tower is the old John Hancock Building with its prominent illuminated beacon, the color of which forecasts the weather. Smaller commercial areas are interspersed among areas of single-family homes and wooden/brick multi-family row houses. The South End Historic District is the largest surviving contiguous Victorian-era neighborhood in the US. The geography of downtown and South Boston was particularly impacted by the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (known unofficially as the "Big Dig"), which allowed for the removal of the unsightly elevated Central Artery and the incorporation of new green spaces and open areas. | The Boston Public Library is located in what part of Boston? | The Boston Public Library is located in what part of Boston? | [
"The Boston Public Library is located in what part of Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Back Bay"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5008 | 56e13873cd28a01900c676c6 | Boston | Boston has a continental climate with some maritime influence, and using the −3 °C (27 °F) coldest month (January) isotherm, the city lies within the transition zone from a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), although the suburbs north and west of the city are significantly colder in winter and solidly fall under the latter categorization; the city lies at the transition between USDA plant hardiness zones 6b (most of the city) and 7a (Downtown, South Boston, and East Boston neighborhoods). Summers are typically warm to hot, rainy, and humid, while winters oscillate between periods of cold rain and snow, with cold temperatures. Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.4 °F (23.0 °C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.0 °F (−1.7 °C). Periods exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) in summer and below freezing in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 and 25 days per year seeing each, respectively. The most recent sub-0 °F (−18 °C) reading occurring on February 14, 2016 when the temperature dipped down to −9 °F (−23 °C), the coldest reading since 1957. In addition, several decades may pass between 100 °F (38 °C) readings, with the most recent such occurrence on July 22, 2011 when the temperature reached 103 °F (39 °C). The city's average window for freezing temperatures is November 9 through April 5.[c] Official temperature records have ranged from −18 °F (−28 °C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104 °F (40 °C) on July 4, 1911; the record cold daily maximum is 2 °F (−17 °C) on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 83 °F (28 °C) on August 2, 1975. | Most of the city lies in which USDA plant hardiness zone? | Most of the city lies in which USDA plant hardiness zone? | [
"Most of the city lies in which USDA plant hardiness zone?"
] | {
"text": [
"6b"
],
"answer_start": [
457
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5009 | 56e13873cd28a01900c676c7 | Boston | Boston has a continental climate with some maritime influence, and using the −3 °C (27 °F) coldest month (January) isotherm, the city lies within the transition zone from a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), although the suburbs north and west of the city are significantly colder in winter and solidly fall under the latter categorization; the city lies at the transition between USDA plant hardiness zones 6b (most of the city) and 7a (Downtown, South Boston, and East Boston neighborhoods). Summers are typically warm to hot, rainy, and humid, while winters oscillate between periods of cold rain and snow, with cold temperatures. Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.4 °F (23.0 °C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.0 °F (−1.7 °C). Periods exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) in summer and below freezing in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 and 25 days per year seeing each, respectively. The most recent sub-0 °F (−18 °C) reading occurring on February 14, 2016 when the temperature dipped down to −9 °F (−23 °C), the coldest reading since 1957. In addition, several decades may pass between 100 °F (38 °C) readings, with the most recent such occurrence on July 22, 2011 when the temperature reached 103 °F (39 °C). The city's average window for freezing temperatures is November 9 through April 5.[c] Official temperature records have ranged from −18 °F (−28 °C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104 °F (40 °C) on July 4, 1911; the record cold daily maximum is 2 °F (−17 °C) on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 83 °F (28 °C) on August 2, 1975. | What minimizes the influence of the Atlantic ocean on Bostons weather? | What minimizes the influence of the Atlantic ocean on Bostons weather? | [
"What minimizes the influence of the Atlantic ocean on Bostons weather?"
] | {
"text": [
"Prevailing wind patterns"
],
"answer_start": [
797
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5010 | 56e13873cd28a01900c676c8 | Boston | Boston has a continental climate with some maritime influence, and using the −3 °C (27 °F) coldest month (January) isotherm, the city lies within the transition zone from a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), although the suburbs north and west of the city are significantly colder in winter and solidly fall under the latter categorization; the city lies at the transition between USDA plant hardiness zones 6b (most of the city) and 7a (Downtown, South Boston, and East Boston neighborhoods). Summers are typically warm to hot, rainy, and humid, while winters oscillate between periods of cold rain and snow, with cold temperatures. Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.4 °F (23.0 °C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.0 °F (−1.7 °C). Periods exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) in summer and below freezing in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 and 25 days per year seeing each, respectively. The most recent sub-0 °F (−18 °C) reading occurring on February 14, 2016 when the temperature dipped down to −9 °F (−23 °C), the coldest reading since 1957. In addition, several decades may pass between 100 °F (38 °C) readings, with the most recent such occurrence on July 22, 2011 when the temperature reached 103 °F (39 °C). The city's average window for freezing temperatures is November 9 through April 5.[c] Official temperature records have ranged from −18 °F (−28 °C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104 °F (40 °C) on July 4, 1911; the record cold daily maximum is 2 °F (−17 °C) on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 83 °F (28 °C) on August 2, 1975. | What is the hottest month in Boston? | What is the hottest month in Boston? | [
"What is the hottest month in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"July"
],
"answer_start": [
908
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5011 | 56e13873cd28a01900c676c9 | Boston | Boston has a continental climate with some maritime influence, and using the −3 °C (27 °F) coldest month (January) isotherm, the city lies within the transition zone from a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), although the suburbs north and west of the city are significantly colder in winter and solidly fall under the latter categorization; the city lies at the transition between USDA plant hardiness zones 6b (most of the city) and 7a (Downtown, South Boston, and East Boston neighborhoods). Summers are typically warm to hot, rainy, and humid, while winters oscillate between periods of cold rain and snow, with cold temperatures. Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.4 °F (23.0 °C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.0 °F (−1.7 °C). Periods exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) in summer and below freezing in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 and 25 days per year seeing each, respectively. The most recent sub-0 °F (−18 °C) reading occurring on February 14, 2016 when the temperature dipped down to −9 °F (−23 °C), the coldest reading since 1957. In addition, several decades may pass between 100 °F (38 °C) readings, with the most recent such occurrence on July 22, 2011 when the temperature reached 103 °F (39 °C). The city's average window for freezing temperatures is November 9 through April 5.[c] Official temperature records have ranged from −18 °F (−28 °C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104 °F (40 °C) on July 4, 1911; the record cold daily maximum is 2 °F (−17 °C) on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 83 °F (28 °C) on August 2, 1975. | What is the coldest month in Boston? | What is the coldest month in Boston? | [
"What is the coldest month in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"January"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5012 | 56e1399dcd28a01900c676cf | Boston | Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the moderating influence of the ocean. Most snowfall occurs from December through March, as most years see no measurable snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 2011–12 saw only 9.3 in (23.6 cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0 in (2.06 m).[d] | On what coast is Boston located? | On what coast is Boston located? | [
"On what coast is Boston located?"
] | {
"text": [
"the North Atlantic"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5013 | 56e1399dcd28a01900c676d0 | Boston | Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the moderating influence of the ocean. Most snowfall occurs from December through March, as most years see no measurable snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 2011–12 saw only 9.3 in (23.6 cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0 in (2.06 m).[d] | What type of weather systems in Boston can produce much snow and rain? | What type of weather systems in Boston can produce much snow and rain? | [
"What type of weather systems in Boston can produce much snow and rain?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nor'easter"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5014 | 56e1399dcd28a01900c676d1 | Boston | Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the moderating influence of the ocean. Most snowfall occurs from December through March, as most years see no measurable snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 2011–12 saw only 9.3 in (23.6 cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0 in (2.06 m).[d] | What is the average rainfall in the City of Boston per year? | What is the average rainfall in the City of Boston per year? | [
"What is the average rainfall in the City of Boston per year?"
] | {
"text": [
"43.8 inches"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5015 | 56e1399dcd28a01900c676d2 | Boston | Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the moderating influence of the ocean. Most snowfall occurs from December through March, as most years see no measurable snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 2011–12 saw only 9.3 in (23.6 cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0 in (2.06 m).[d] | What is the average snowfall per year in the City of Boston? | What is the average snowfall per year in the City of Boston? | [
"What is the average snowfall per year in the City of Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"43.8 inches"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5016 | 56e1399dcd28a01900c676d3 | Boston | Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the moderating influence of the ocean. Most snowfall occurs from December through March, as most years see no measurable snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 2011–12 saw only 9.3 in (23.6 cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0 in (2.06 m).[d] | When does most snowfall occur? | When does most snowfall occur? | [
"When does most snowfall occur?"
] | {
"text": [
"December through March"
],
"answer_start": [
473
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5017 | 56e13b0ae3433e1400422ce6 | Boston | Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in late summer and early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 °F (11 °C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday. Thunderstorms occur from May to September, that are occasionally severe with large hail, damaging winds and heavy downpours. Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has experienced many tornado warnings. Damaging storms are more common to areas north, west, and northwest of the city. Boston has a relatively sunny climate for a coastal city at its latitude, averaging over 2,600 hours of sunshine per annum. | During what seasons is fog common in Boston? | During what seasons is fog common in Boston? | [
"During what seasons is fog common in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"spring and early summer"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5018 | 56e13b0ae3433e1400422ce7 | Boston | Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in late summer and early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 °F (11 °C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday. Thunderstorms occur from May to September, that are occasionally severe with large hail, damaging winds and heavy downpours. Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has experienced many tornado warnings. Damaging storms are more common to areas north, west, and northwest of the city. Boston has a relatively sunny climate for a coastal city at its latitude, averaging over 2,600 hours of sunshine per annum. | When can tropical storms and hurricanes threaten Boston? | When can tropical storms and hurricanes threaten Boston? | [
"When can tropical storms and hurricanes threaten Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"late summer and early autumn"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5019 | 56e13b0ae3433e1400422ce8 | Boston | Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in late summer and early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 °F (11 °C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday. Thunderstorms occur from May to September, that are occasionally severe with large hail, damaging winds and heavy downpours. Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has experienced many tornado warnings. Damaging storms are more common to areas north, west, and northwest of the city. Boston has a relatively sunny climate for a coastal city at its latitude, averaging over 2,600 hours of sunshine per annum. | Sea breezes occur during what season? | Sea breezes occur during what season? | [
"Sea breezes occur during what season?"
] | {
"text": [
"late spring"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5020 | 56e13b0ae3433e1400422ce9 | Boston | Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in late summer and early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 °F (11 °C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday. Thunderstorms occur from May to September, that are occasionally severe with large hail, damaging winds and heavy downpours. Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has experienced many tornado warnings. Damaging storms are more common to areas north, west, and northwest of the city. Boston has a relatively sunny climate for a coastal city at its latitude, averaging over 2,600 hours of sunshine per annum. | What months do thunderstorms occur in Boston? | What months do thunderstorms occur in Boston? | [
"What months do thunderstorms occur in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"May to September"
],
"answer_start": [
504
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5021 | 56e13b0ae3433e1400422cea | Boston | Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in late summer and early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 °F (11 °C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday. Thunderstorms occur from May to September, that are occasionally severe with large hail, damaging winds and heavy downpours. Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has experienced many tornado warnings. Damaging storms are more common to areas north, west, and northwest of the city. Boston has a relatively sunny climate for a coastal city at its latitude, averaging over 2,600 hours of sunshine per annum. | What is the average hours of sunshine per year in Boston? | What is the average hours of sunshine per year in Boston? | [
"What is the average hours of sunshine per year in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"2,600"
],
"answer_start": [
898
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5022 | 56e13c5ee3433e1400422cf0 | Boston | In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events. | About what was the population of Boston in 2010? | About what was the population of Boston in 2010? | [
"About what was the population of Boston in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"617,594"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5023 | 56e13c5ee3433e1400422cf1 | Boston | In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events. | How many housing units were there in Boston in 2010? | How many housing units were there in Boston in 2010? | [
"How many housing units were there in Boston in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"272,481"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5024 | 56e13c5ee3433e1400422cf2 | Boston | In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events. | How many people are in Boston during work hours? | How many people are in Boston during work hours? | [
"How many people are in Boston during work hours?"
] | {
"text": [
"1.2 million"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5025 | 56e13c5ee3433e1400422cf3 | Boston | In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events. | What can the population of Boston rech during special events? | What can the population of Boston rech during special events? | [
"What can the population of Boston rech during special events?"
] | {
"text": [
"2 million"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5026 | 56e13c5ee3433e1400422cf4 | Boston | In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events. | What is the density of Boston's population? | What is the density of Boston's population? | [
"What is the density of Boston's population?"
] | {
"text": [
"12,200 persons/sq mile"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5027 | 56e13daccd28a01900c676e3 | Boston | In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% at age 19 and under, 14.3% from 20 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males. There were 252,699 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 25.5% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.0% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.08. | What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 19 and under? | What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 19 and under? | [
"What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 19 and under?"
] | {
"text": [
"21.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5028 | 56e13daccd28a01900c676e4 | Boston | In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% at age 19 and under, 14.3% from 20 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males. There were 252,699 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 25.5% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.0% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.08. | What percentage of the City of Boston's population is 20 to 24? | What percentage of the City of Boston's population is 20 to 24? | [
"What percentage of the City of Boston's population is 20 to 24?"
] | {
"text": [
"14.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5029 | 56e13daccd28a01900c676e5 | Boston | In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% at age 19 and under, 14.3% from 20 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males. There were 252,699 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 25.5% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.0% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.08. | What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 25 to 44? | What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 25 to 44? | [
"What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 25 to 44?"
] | {
"text": [
"33.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5030 | 56e13daccd28a01900c676e6 | Boston | In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% at age 19 and under, 14.3% from 20 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males. There were 252,699 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 25.5% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.0% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.08. | What percentage of the City of Bostons residents are 45 to 64? | What percentage of the City of Bostons residents are 45 to 64? | [
"What percentage of the City of Bostons residents are 45 to 64?"
] | {
"text": [
"20.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5031 | 56e13daccd28a01900c676e7 | Boston | In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% at age 19 and under, 14.3% from 20 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males. There were 252,699 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 25.5% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.0% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.08. | What percentage of the City of Boston's residents are over 65? | What percentage of the City of Boston's residents are over 65? | [
"What percentage of the City of Boston's residents are over 65?"
] | {
"text": [
"10.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5032 | 56e13eb6cd28a01900c676ed | Boston | The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 28.8% of those under the age of 18 and 20.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. | What is the average household income in Boston? | What is the average household income in Boston? | [
"What is the average household income in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"$51,739"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5033 | 56e13eb6cd28a01900c676ee | Boston | The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 28.8% of those under the age of 18 and 20.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. | What is the average family income in Boston? | What is the average family income in Boston? | [
"What is the average family income in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"$61,035"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5034 | 56e13eb6cd28a01900c676ef | Boston | The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 28.8% of those under the age of 18 and 20.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. | What is the average income for a full time male worker? | What is the average income for a full time male worker? | [
"What is the average income for a full time male worker?"
] | {
"text": [
"$52,544"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5035 | 56e13eb6cd28a01900c676f0 | Boston | The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 28.8% of those under the age of 18 and 20.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. | What is the average income for a full time female worker? | What is the average income for a full time female worker? | [
"What is the average income for a full time female worker?"
] | {
"text": [
"$46,540"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5036 | 56e13eb6cd28a01900c676f1 | Boston | The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 28.8% of those under the age of 18 and 20.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. | What percent of families fall below the poverty line? | What percent of families fall below the poverty line? | [
"What percent of families fall below the poverty line?"
] | {
"text": [
"16.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
298
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5037 | 56e140e5cd28a01900c676f7 | Boston | In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures). | What percent of Boston's population was white in 1950? | What percent of Boston's population was white in 1950? | [
"What percent of Boston's population was white in 1950?"
] | {
"text": [
"94.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5038 | 56e140e5cd28a01900c676f8 | Boston | In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures). | In 2000, what percen tof the population were non hispanic and white? | In 2000, what percen tof the population were non hispanic and white? | [
"In 2000, what percen tof the population were non hispanic and white?"
] | {
"text": [
"49.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5039 | 56e140e5cd28a01900c676f9 | Boston | In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures). | What year did minorities become the majority of the population for the first time? | What year did minorities become the majority of the population for the first time? | [
"What year did minorities become the majority of the population for the first time?"
] | {
"text": [
"2000"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5040 | 56e140e5cd28a01900c676fa | Boston | In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures). | In recent years, the whote population has begun to move where? | In recent years, the whote population has begun to move where? | [
"In recent years, the whote population has begun to move where?"
] | {
"text": [
"formerly non-white areas"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5041 | 56e140e5cd28a01900c676fb | Boston | In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures). | What year did non hispanic whites once again become the majority of the population? | What year did non hispanic whites once again become the majority of the population? | [
"What year did non hispanic whites once again become the majority of the population?"
] | {
"text": [
"2006"
],
"answer_start": [
436
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5042 | 56e141e2e3433e1400422d04 | Boston | People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Americans made their home in Boston city proper in 2013, and the city hosts a growing Chinatown accommodating heavily traveled Chinese-owned bus lines to and from Chinatown, Manhattan. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a growing immigrant population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country. | What people form the largest ethnic group in the city? | What people form the largest ethnic group in the city? | [
"What people form the largest ethnic group in the city?"
] | {
"text": [
"People of Irish descent"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5043 | 56e141e2e3433e1400422d05 | Boston | People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Americans made their home in Boston city proper in 2013, and the city hosts a growing Chinatown accommodating heavily traveled Chinese-owned bus lines to and from Chinatown, Manhattan. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a growing immigrant population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country. | What percentage of the city's population is Irish? | What percentage of the city's population is Irish? | [
"What percentage of the city's population is Irish?"
] | {
"text": [
"15.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5044 | 56e141e2e3433e1400422d06 | Boston | People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Americans made their home in Boston city proper in 2013, and the city hosts a growing Chinatown accommodating heavily traveled Chinese-owned bus lines to and from Chinatown, Manhattan. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a growing immigrant population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country. | What is the second largest ethnic group in the city? | What is the second largest ethnic group in the city? | [
"What is the second largest ethnic group in the city?"
] | {
"text": [
"Italians"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5045 | 56e141e2e3433e1400422d07 | Boston | People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Americans made their home in Boston city proper in 2013, and the city hosts a growing Chinatown accommodating heavily traveled Chinese-owned bus lines to and from Chinatown, Manhattan. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a growing immigrant population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country. | What percentage of the citys population is italian? | What percentage of the citys population is italian? | [
"What percentage of the citys population is italian?"
] | {
"text": [
"8.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5046 | 56e141e2e3433e1400422d08 | Boston | People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Americans made their home in Boston city proper in 2013, and the city hosts a growing Chinatown accommodating heavily traveled Chinese-owned bus lines to and from Chinatown, Manhattan. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a growing immigrant population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country. | How many Chinese Americans lived in Boston City proper in 2013? | How many Chinese Americans lived in Boston City proper in 2013? | [
"How many Chinese Americans lived in Boston City proper in 2013?"
] | {
"text": [
"Over 27,000"
],
"answer_start": [
295
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5047 | 56e142e6e3433e1400422d0e | Boston | The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish. | How many Jewish people live in the City of Boston? | How many Jewish people live in the City of Boston? | [
"How many Jewish people live in the City of Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"25,000"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5048 | 56e142e6e3433e1400422d0f | Boston | The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish. | How many Jewish people live in the Boston Metro area? | How many Jewish people live in the Boston Metro area? | [
"How many Jewish people live in the Boston Metro area?"
] | {
"text": [
"227,000"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5049 | 56e142e6e3433e1400422d10 | Boston | The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish. | What is the total number of congregations in Boston? | What is the total number of congregations in Boston? | [
"What is the total number of congregations in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"22"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5050 | 56e142e6e3433e1400422d11 | Boston | The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish. | What adjascent communities also hold a high Jewish population? | What adjascent communities also hold a high Jewish population? | [
"What adjascent communities also hold a high Jewish population?"
] | {
"text": [
"Brookline and Newton"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5051 | 56e142e6e3433e1400422d12 | Boston | The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish. | What is the estimated percentage of the population of Brookline and newton that are jewish? | What is the estimated percentage of the population of Brookline and newton that are jewish? | [
"What is the estimated percentage of the population of Brookline and newton that are jewish?"
] | {
"text": [
"one-third"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5052 | 56e1441acd28a01900c67701 | Boston | The city, especially the East Boston neighborhood, has a significant Hispanic community. Hispanics in Boston are mostly of Puerto Rican (30,506 or 4.9% of total city population), Dominican (25,648 or 4.2% of total city population), Salvadoran (10,850 or 1.8% of city population), Colombian (6,649 or 1.1% of total city population), Mexican (5,961 or 1.0% of total city population), and Guatemalan (4,451 or 0.7% of total city population) ethnic origin. When including all Hispanic national origins, they number 107,917. In Greater Boston, these numbers grow significantly with Puerto Ricans numbering 175,000+, Dominicans 95,000+, Salvadorans 40,000+, Guatemalans 31,000+, Mexicans 25,000+, and Colombians numbering 22,000+. | What neighborhoos has a high rate of hispanics? | What neighborhoos has a high rate of hispanics? | [
"What neighborhoos has a high rate of hispanics?"
] | {
"text": [
"the East Boston neighborhood"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5053 | 56e1441acd28a01900c67702 | Boston | The city, especially the East Boston neighborhood, has a significant Hispanic community. Hispanics in Boston are mostly of Puerto Rican (30,506 or 4.9% of total city population), Dominican (25,648 or 4.2% of total city population), Salvadoran (10,850 or 1.8% of city population), Colombian (6,649 or 1.1% of total city population), Mexican (5,961 or 1.0% of total city population), and Guatemalan (4,451 or 0.7% of total city population) ethnic origin. When including all Hispanic national origins, they number 107,917. In Greater Boston, these numbers grow significantly with Puerto Ricans numbering 175,000+, Dominicans 95,000+, Salvadorans 40,000+, Guatemalans 31,000+, Mexicans 25,000+, and Colombians numbering 22,000+. | How many hispanics live in the City of Boston? | How many hispanics live in the City of Boston? | [
"How many hispanics live in the City of Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"107,917"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5054 | 56e1441acd28a01900c67703 | Boston | The city, especially the East Boston neighborhood, has a significant Hispanic community. Hispanics in Boston are mostly of Puerto Rican (30,506 or 4.9% of total city population), Dominican (25,648 or 4.2% of total city population), Salvadoran (10,850 or 1.8% of city population), Colombian (6,649 or 1.1% of total city population), Mexican (5,961 or 1.0% of total city population), and Guatemalan (4,451 or 0.7% of total city population) ethnic origin. When including all Hispanic national origins, they number 107,917. In Greater Boston, these numbers grow significantly with Puerto Ricans numbering 175,000+, Dominicans 95,000+, Salvadorans 40,000+, Guatemalans 31,000+, Mexicans 25,000+, and Colombians numbering 22,000+. | How many Puerto Rican hispanics live in greater Boston? | How many Puerto Rican hispanics live in greater Boston? | [
"How many Puerto Rican hispanics live in greater Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"175,000+"
],
"answer_start": [
601
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5055 | 56e1441acd28a01900c67704 | Boston | The city, especially the East Boston neighborhood, has a significant Hispanic community. Hispanics in Boston are mostly of Puerto Rican (30,506 or 4.9% of total city population), Dominican (25,648 or 4.2% of total city population), Salvadoran (10,850 or 1.8% of city population), Colombian (6,649 or 1.1% of total city population), Mexican (5,961 or 1.0% of total city population), and Guatemalan (4,451 or 0.7% of total city population) ethnic origin. When including all Hispanic national origins, they number 107,917. In Greater Boston, these numbers grow significantly with Puerto Ricans numbering 175,000+, Dominicans 95,000+, Salvadorans 40,000+, Guatemalans 31,000+, Mexicans 25,000+, and Colombians numbering 22,000+. | How many Mexican hispanics live in greater Boston? | How many Mexican hispanics live in greater Boston? | [
"How many Mexican hispanics live in greater Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"25,000+"
],
"answer_start": [
682
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5056 | 56e1441acd28a01900c67705 | Boston | The city, especially the East Boston neighborhood, has a significant Hispanic community. Hispanics in Boston are mostly of Puerto Rican (30,506 or 4.9% of total city population), Dominican (25,648 or 4.2% of total city population), Salvadoran (10,850 or 1.8% of city population), Colombian (6,649 or 1.1% of total city population), Mexican (5,961 or 1.0% of total city population), and Guatemalan (4,451 or 0.7% of total city population) ethnic origin. When including all Hispanic national origins, they number 107,917. In Greater Boston, these numbers grow significantly with Puerto Ricans numbering 175,000+, Dominicans 95,000+, Salvadorans 40,000+, Guatemalans 31,000+, Mexicans 25,000+, and Colombians numbering 22,000+. | How many Colombians live in greater Boston? | How many Colombians live in greater Boston? | [
"How many Colombians live in greater Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"22,000+"
],
"answer_start": [
716
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5057 | 56e145b6e3433e1400422d28 | Boston | According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study says that other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively make up about 10% of the population. | In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Christian? | In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Christian? | [
"In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Christian?"
] | {
"text": [
"57%"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5058 | 56e145b6e3433e1400422d29 | Boston | According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study says that other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively make up about 10% of the population. | In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Protestant? | In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Protestant? | [
"In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Protestant?"
] | {
"text": [
"25%"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5059 | 56e145b6e3433e1400422d2a | Boston | According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study says that other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively make up about 10% of the population. | In 2014, what percent of the City of Boston was Catholic? | In 2014, what percent of the City of Boston was Catholic? | [
"In 2014, what percent of the City of Boston was Catholic?"
] | {
"text": [
"29%"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5060 | 56e145b6e3433e1400422d2b | Boston | According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study says that other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively make up about 10% of the population. | In 2014, what percentage of Bostons residents did not claim to belong to any religion? | In 2014, what percentage of Bostons residents did not claim to belong to any religion? | [
"In 2014, what percentage of Bostons residents did not claim to belong to any religion?"
] | {
"text": [
"33%"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5061 | 56e145b6e3433e1400422d2c | Boston | According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study says that other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively make up about 10% of the population. | In 2014, other religions mad eup what percentage of the citys population? | In 2014, other religions mad eup what percentage of the citys population? | [
"In 2014, other religions mad eup what percentage of the citys population?"
] | {
"text": [
"10%"
],
"answer_start": [
422
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5062 | 56e14735cd28a01900c6771d | Boston | As of 2010 the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton Metro area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. The United Church of Christ had 55,000 members and 213 churches. The UCC is the successor of the city's Puritan religious traditions. Old South Church in Boston is one of the oldest congregations in the United States. It was organized in 1669 by dissenters from the First Church in Boston (1630). Notable past members include Samuel Adams, William Dawes, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Sewall, and Phillis Wheatley. In 1773, Adams gave the signals from the Old South Meeting House that started the Boston Tea Party. | How many member attended the Catholic Church in the Boston area in 2010? | How many member attended the Catholic Church in the Boston area in 2010? | [
"How many member attended the Catholic Church in the Boston area in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"two million"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5063 | 56e14735cd28a01900c6771e | Boston | As of 2010 the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton Metro area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. The United Church of Christ had 55,000 members and 213 churches. The UCC is the successor of the city's Puritan religious traditions. Old South Church in Boston is one of the oldest congregations in the United States. It was organized in 1669 by dissenters from the First Church in Boston (1630). Notable past members include Samuel Adams, William Dawes, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Sewall, and Phillis Wheatley. In 1773, Adams gave the signals from the Old South Meeting House that started the Boston Tea Party. | How many Catholic churches were in the Boston area in 2010? | How many Catholic churches were in the Boston area in 2010? | [
"How many Catholic churches were in the Boston area in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"339"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5064 | 56e14735cd28a01900c6771f | Boston | As of 2010 the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton Metro area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. The United Church of Christ had 55,000 members and 213 churches. The UCC is the successor of the city's Puritan religious traditions. Old South Church in Boston is one of the oldest congregations in the United States. It was organized in 1669 by dissenters from the First Church in Boston (1630). Notable past members include Samuel Adams, William Dawes, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Sewall, and Phillis Wheatley. In 1773, Adams gave the signals from the Old South Meeting House that started the Boston Tea Party. | How many Episcopal churches were in the Boston Metro area in 2010? | How many Episcopal churches were in the Boston Metro area in 2010? | [
"How many Episcopal churches were in the Boston Metro area in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"160"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5065 | 56e14735cd28a01900c67720 | Boston | As of 2010 the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton Metro area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. The United Church of Christ had 55,000 members and 213 churches. The UCC is the successor of the city's Puritan religious traditions. Old South Church in Boston is one of the oldest congregations in the United States. It was organized in 1669 by dissenters from the First Church in Boston (1630). Notable past members include Samuel Adams, William Dawes, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Sewall, and Phillis Wheatley. In 1773, Adams gave the signals from the Old South Meeting House that started the Boston Tea Party. | What Boston church is one of the oldest congregations in the US? | What Boston church is one of the oldest congregations in the US? | [
"What Boston church is one of the oldest congregations in the US?"
] | {
"text": [
"Old South Church"
],
"answer_start": [
394
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5066 | 56e14735cd28a01900c67721 | Boston | As of 2010 the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton Metro area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. The United Church of Christ had 55,000 members and 213 churches. The UCC is the successor of the city's Puritan religious traditions. Old South Church in Boston is one of the oldest congregations in the United States. It was organized in 1669 by dissenters from the First Church in Boston (1630). Notable past members include Samuel Adams, William Dawes, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Sewall, and Phillis Wheatley. In 1773, Adams gave the signals from the Old South Meeting House that started the Boston Tea Party. | What year was Old South Church organized? | What year was Old South Church organized? | [
"What year was Old South Church organized?"
] | {
"text": [
"1669"
],
"answer_start": [
498
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5067 | 56e14848cd28a01900c67739 | Boston | A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world. | What rank does Boston hold as far as being an economically powerful city in the world? | What rank does Boston hold as far as being an economically powerful city in the world? | [
"What rank does Boston hold as far as being an economically powerful city in the world?"
] | {
"text": [
"among the top 30"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5068 | 56e14848cd28a01900c6773a | Boston | A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world. | What is the economy of Boston? | What is the economy of Boston? | [
"What is the economy of Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"$363 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5069 | 56e14848cd28a01900c6773b | Boston | A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world. | What ranking in the country does Greater Boston metro hold as far as economy? | What ranking in the country does Greater Boston metro hold as far as economy? | [
"What ranking in the country does Greater Boston metro hold as far as economy?"
] | {
"text": [
"sixth-largest"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5070 | 56e14848cd28a01900c6773c | Boston | A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world. | What ranking in the world does greater Boston metro hold as far as economy? | What ranking in the world does greater Boston metro hold as far as economy? | [
"What ranking in the world does greater Boston metro hold as far as economy?"
] | {
"text": [
"12th-largest"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5071 | 56e149c7cd28a01900c67741 | Boston | Boston's colleges and universities have a significant effect on the regional economy. Boston attracts more than 350,000 college students from around the world, who contribute more than $4.8 billion annually to the city's economy. The area's schools are major employers and attract industries to the city and surrounding region. The city is home to a number of technology companies and is a hub for biotechnology, with the Milken Institute rating Boston as the top life sciences cluster in the country. Boston receives the highest absolute amount of annual funding from the National Institutes of Health of all cities in the United States. | How many college students does Boston attract? | How many college students does Boston attract? | [
"How many college students does Boston attract?"
] | {
"text": [
"more than 350,000"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5072 | 56e149c7cd28a01900c67742 | Boston | Boston's colleges and universities have a significant effect on the regional economy. Boston attracts more than 350,000 college students from around the world, who contribute more than $4.8 billion annually to the city's economy. The area's schools are major employers and attract industries to the city and surrounding region. The city is home to a number of technology companies and is a hub for biotechnology, with the Milken Institute rating Boston as the top life sciences cluster in the country. Boston receives the highest absolute amount of annual funding from the National Institutes of Health of all cities in the United States. | Students from around the world contribute how much a year to Bostons economy? | Students from around the world contribute how much a year to Bostons economy? | [
"Students from around the world contribute how much a year to Bostons economy?"
] | {
"text": [
"$4.8 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5073 | 56e149c7cd28a01900c67743 | Boston | Boston's colleges and universities have a significant effect on the regional economy. Boston attracts more than 350,000 college students from around the world, who contribute more than $4.8 billion annually to the city's economy. The area's schools are major employers and attract industries to the city and surrounding region. The city is home to a number of technology companies and is a hub for biotechnology, with the Milken Institute rating Boston as the top life sciences cluster in the country. Boston receives the highest absolute amount of annual funding from the National Institutes of Health of all cities in the United States. | Because of the number of tech companies, the city is a hub for what? | Because of the number of tech companies, the city is a hub for what? | [
"Because of the number of tech companies, the city is a hub for what?"
] | {
"text": [
"biotechnology"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5074 | 56e149c7cd28a01900c67744 | Boston | Boston's colleges and universities have a significant effect on the regional economy. Boston attracts more than 350,000 college students from around the world, who contribute more than $4.8 billion annually to the city's economy. The area's schools are major employers and attract industries to the city and surrounding region. The city is home to a number of technology companies and is a hub for biotechnology, with the Milken Institute rating Boston as the top life sciences cluster in the country. Boston receives the highest absolute amount of annual funding from the National Institutes of Health of all cities in the United States. | The Milken Institute rated Boston as the top what in the country? | The Milken Institute rated Boston as the top what in the country? | [
"The Milken Institute rated Boston as the top what in the country?"
] | {
"text": [
"life sciences cluster"
],
"answer_start": [
464
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5075 | 56e149c7cd28a01900c67745 | Boston | Boston's colleges and universities have a significant effect on the regional economy. Boston attracts more than 350,000 college students from around the world, who contribute more than $4.8 billion annually to the city's economy. The area's schools are major employers and attract industries to the city and surrounding region. The city is home to a number of technology companies and is a hub for biotechnology, with the Milken Institute rating Boston as the top life sciences cluster in the country. Boston receives the highest absolute amount of annual funding from the National Institutes of Health of all cities in the United States. | Of all cities in the US, Boston received the highest amount of funding from where? | Of all cities in the US, Boston received the highest amount of funding from where? | [
"Of all cities in the US, Boston received the highest amount of funding from where?"
] | {
"text": [
"the National Institutes of Health"
],
"answer_start": [
569
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5076 | 56e14ae1e3433e1400422d6c | Boston | The city is considered highly innovative for a variety of reasons, including the presence of academia, access to venture capital, and the presence of many high-tech companies. The Route 128 corridor and Greater Boston continue to be a major center for venture capital investment, and high technology remains an important sector. | The city is innovative becaus eit has access to what type of capital? | The city is innovative becaus eit has access to what type of capital? | [
"The city is innovative becaus eit has access to what type of capital?"
] | {
"text": [
"venture capital"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5077 | 56e14ae1e3433e1400422d6d | Boston | The city is considered highly innovative for a variety of reasons, including the presence of academia, access to venture capital, and the presence of many high-tech companies. The Route 128 corridor and Greater Boston continue to be a major center for venture capital investment, and high technology remains an important sector. | There is a high presence of what type of company in the city? | There is a high presence of what type of company in the city? | [
"There is a high presence of what type of company in the city?"
] | {
"text": [
"high-tech companies"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5078 | 56e14ae1e3433e1400422d6e | Boston | The city is considered highly innovative for a variety of reasons, including the presence of academia, access to venture capital, and the presence of many high-tech companies. The Route 128 corridor and Greater Boston continue to be a major center for venture capital investment, and high technology remains an important sector. | Route 128 and Greater Boston are centers for what type of investment? | Route 128 and Greater Boston are centers for what type of investment? | [
"Route 128 and Greater Boston are centers for what type of investment?"
] | {
"text": [
"venture capital investment"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5079 | 56e14ae1e3433e1400422d6f | Boston | The city is considered highly innovative for a variety of reasons, including the presence of academia, access to venture capital, and the presence of many high-tech companies. The Route 128 corridor and Greater Boston continue to be a major center for venture capital investment, and high technology remains an important sector. | What remains an important sector? | What remains an important sector? | [
"What remains an important sector?"
] | {
"text": [
"high technology"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5080 | 56e14c63e3433e1400422d74 | Boston | Tourism also composes a large part of Boston's economy, with 21.2 million domestic and international visitors spending $8.3 billion in 2011; excluding visitors from Canada and Mexico, over 1.4 million international tourists visited Boston in 2014, with those from China and the United Kingdom leading the list. Boston's status as a state capital as well as the regional home of federal agencies has rendered law and government to be another major component of the city's economy. The city is a major seaport along the United States' East Coast and the oldest continuously operated industrial and fishing port in the Western Hemisphere. | A large part of Boston's economy is made up of what? | A large part of Boston's economy is made up of what? | [
"A large part of Boston's economy is made up of what?"
] | {
"text": [
"Tourism"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5081 | 56e14c63e3433e1400422d75 | Boston | Tourism also composes a large part of Boston's economy, with 21.2 million domestic and international visitors spending $8.3 billion in 2011; excluding visitors from Canada and Mexico, over 1.4 million international tourists visited Boston in 2014, with those from China and the United Kingdom leading the list. Boston's status as a state capital as well as the regional home of federal agencies has rendered law and government to be another major component of the city's economy. The city is a major seaport along the United States' East Coast and the oldest continuously operated industrial and fishing port in the Western Hemisphere. | How many tourists visited Boston in 2011? | How many tourists visited Boston in 2011? | [
"How many tourists visited Boston in 2011?"
] | {
"text": [
"21.2 million"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5082 | 56e14c63e3433e1400422d76 | Boston | Tourism also composes a large part of Boston's economy, with 21.2 million domestic and international visitors spending $8.3 billion in 2011; excluding visitors from Canada and Mexico, over 1.4 million international tourists visited Boston in 2014, with those from China and the United Kingdom leading the list. Boston's status as a state capital as well as the regional home of federal agencies has rendered law and government to be another major component of the city's economy. The city is a major seaport along the United States' East Coast and the oldest continuously operated industrial and fishing port in the Western Hemisphere. | How much did tourists spend in Boston in 2011? | How much did tourists spend in Boston in 2011? | [
"How much did tourists spend in Boston in 2011?"
] | {
"text": [
"$8.3 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5083 | 56e14c63e3433e1400422d77 | Boston | Tourism also composes a large part of Boston's economy, with 21.2 million domestic and international visitors spending $8.3 billion in 2011; excluding visitors from Canada and Mexico, over 1.4 million international tourists visited Boston in 2014, with those from China and the United Kingdom leading the list. Boston's status as a state capital as well as the regional home of federal agencies has rendered law and government to be another major component of the city's economy. The city is a major seaport along the United States' East Coast and the oldest continuously operated industrial and fishing port in the Western Hemisphere. | What year did the number of Tourists from china and the UK top the list? | What year did the number of Tourists from china and the UK top the list? | [
"What year did the number of Tourists from china and the UK top the list?"
] | {
"text": [
"2014"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5084 | 56e14e04cd28a01900c67779 | Boston | Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the headquarters of Santander Bank, and Boston is a center for venture capital firms. State Street Corporation, which specializes in asset management and custody services, is based in the city. Boston is a printing and publishing center — Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is headquartered within the city, along with Bedford-St. Martin's Press and Beacon Press. Pearson PLC publishing units also employ several hundred people in Boston. The city is home to three major convention centers—the Hynes Convention Center in the Back Bay, and the Seaport World Trade Center and Boston Convention and Exhibition Center on the South Boston waterfront. The General Electric Corporation announced in January 2016 its decision to move the company's global headquarters to the Seaport District in Boston, from Fairfield, Connecticut, citing factors including Boston's preeminence in the realm of higher education. | Mutual funds and insurance are what type of industry? | Mutual funds and insurance are what type of industry? | [
"Mutual funds and insurance are what type of industry?"
] | {
"text": [
"financial services"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5085 | 56e14e04cd28a01900c6777a | Boston | Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the headquarters of Santander Bank, and Boston is a center for venture capital firms. State Street Corporation, which specializes in asset management and custody services, is based in the city. Boston is a printing and publishing center — Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is headquartered within the city, along with Bedford-St. Martin's Press and Beacon Press. Pearson PLC publishing units also employ several hundred people in Boston. The city is home to three major convention centers—the Hynes Convention Center in the Back Bay, and the Seaport World Trade Center and Boston Convention and Exhibition Center on the South Boston waterfront. The General Electric Corporation announced in January 2016 its decision to move the company's global headquarters to the Seaport District in Boston, from Fairfield, Connecticut, citing factors including Boston's preeminence in the realm of higher education. | What Boston investment firm helped make mutual funds popular in the 1980's? | What Boston investment firm helped make mutual funds popular in the 1980's? | [
"What Boston investment firm helped make mutual funds popular in the 1980's?"
] | {
"text": [
"Fidelity Investments"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5086 | 56e14e04cd28a01900c6777b | Boston | Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the headquarters of Santander Bank, and Boston is a center for venture capital firms. State Street Corporation, which specializes in asset management and custody services, is based in the city. Boston is a printing and publishing center — Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is headquartered within the city, along with Bedford-St. Martin's Press and Beacon Press. Pearson PLC publishing units also employ several hundred people in Boston. The city is home to three major convention centers—the Hynes Convention Center in the Back Bay, and the Seaport World Trade Center and Boston Convention and Exhibition Center on the South Boston waterfront. The General Electric Corporation announced in January 2016 its decision to move the company's global headquarters to the Seaport District in Boston, from Fairfield, Connecticut, citing factors including Boston's preeminence in the realm of higher education. | What helped make Boston one of the top financial cities in the US? | What helped make Boston one of the top financial cities in the US? | [
"What helped make Boston one of the top financial cities in the US?"
] | {
"text": [
"Fidelity Investments"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5087 | 56e14e04cd28a01900c6777c | Boston | Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the headquarters of Santander Bank, and Boston is a center for venture capital firms. State Street Corporation, which specializes in asset management and custody services, is based in the city. Boston is a printing and publishing center — Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is headquartered within the city, along with Bedford-St. Martin's Press and Beacon Press. Pearson PLC publishing units also employ several hundred people in Boston. The city is home to three major convention centers—the Hynes Convention Center in the Back Bay, and the Seaport World Trade Center and Boston Convention and Exhibition Center on the South Boston waterfront. The General Electric Corporation announced in January 2016 its decision to move the company's global headquarters to the Seaport District in Boston, from Fairfield, Connecticut, citing factors including Boston's preeminence in the realm of higher education. | Boston is the center for what type of capital firms? | Boston is the center for what type of capital firms? | [
"Boston is the center for what type of capital firms?"
] | {
"text": [
"venture capital"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5088 | 56e14e04cd28a01900c6777d | Boston | Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the headquarters of Santander Bank, and Boston is a center for venture capital firms. State Street Corporation, which specializes in asset management and custody services, is based in the city. Boston is a printing and publishing center — Houghton Mifflin Harcourt is headquartered within the city, along with Bedford-St. Martin's Press and Beacon Press. Pearson PLC publishing units also employ several hundred people in Boston. The city is home to three major convention centers—the Hynes Convention Center in the Back Bay, and the Seaport World Trade Center and Boston Convention and Exhibition Center on the South Boston waterfront. The General Electric Corporation announced in January 2016 its decision to move the company's global headquarters to the Seaport District in Boston, from Fairfield, Connecticut, citing factors including Boston's preeminence in the realm of higher education. | In 2016, GE Corporation decided to move its global headquarters to where? | In 2016, GE Corporation decided to move its global headquarters to where? | [
"In 2016, GE Corporation decided to move its global headquarters to where?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Seaport District in Boston"
],
"answer_start": [
1019
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5089 | 56e14eddcd28a01900c6778d | Boston | The Boston Public Schools enrolls 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. The Boston Latin School, established 1635, is the oldest public high school in the US; Boston also operates the United States' second oldest public high school, and its oldest public elementary school. The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian. There are private, parochial, and charter schools as well, and approximately 3,300 minority students attend participating suburban schools through the Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council. | How many students are in Boston Public schools? | How many students are in Boston Public schools? | [
"How many students are in Boston Public schools?"
] | {
"text": [
"57,000"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5090 | 56e14eddcd28a01900c6778e | Boston | The Boston Public Schools enrolls 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. The Boston Latin School, established 1635, is the oldest public high school in the US; Boston also operates the United States' second oldest public high school, and its oldest public elementary school. The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian. There are private, parochial, and charter schools as well, and approximately 3,300 minority students attend participating suburban schools through the Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council. | How many schools are in Boston? | How many schools are in Boston? | [
"How many schools are in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"145 schools"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5091 | 56e14eddcd28a01900c6778f | Boston | The Boston Public Schools enrolls 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. The Boston Latin School, established 1635, is the oldest public high school in the US; Boston also operates the United States' second oldest public high school, and its oldest public elementary school. The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian. There are private, parochial, and charter schools as well, and approximately 3,300 minority students attend participating suburban schools through the Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council. | What is the oldest public high school in the US? | What is the oldest public high school in the US? | [
"What is the oldest public high school in the US?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Boston Latin School"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5092 | 56e14eddcd28a01900c67791 | Boston | The Boston Public Schools enrolls 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. The Boston Latin School, established 1635, is the oldest public high school in the US; Boston also operates the United States' second oldest public high school, and its oldest public elementary school. The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian. There are private, parochial, and charter schools as well, and approximately 3,300 minority students attend participating suburban schools through the Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council. | What percentage of Bostons public students are African American? | What percentage of Bostons public students are African American? | [
"What percentage of Bostons public students are African American?"
] | {
"text": [
"35%"
],
"answer_start": [
438
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5093 | 56e1500fcd28a01900c677a1 | Boston | Some of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in the world are located in the Boston area. Four members of the Association of American Universities are in Greater Boston (more than any other metropolitan area): Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston University, and Brandeis University. Hospitals, universities, and research institutions in Greater Boston received more than $1.77 billion in National Institutes of Health grants in 2013, more money than any other American metropolitan area. Greater Boston has more than 100 colleges and universities, with 250,000 students enrolled in Boston and Cambridge alone. Its largest private universities include Boston University (the city's fourth-largest employer) with its main campus along Commonwealth Avenue and a medical campus in the South End; Northeastern University in the Fenway area; Suffolk University near Beacon Hill, which includes law school and business school; and Boston College, which straddles the Boston (Brighton)–Newton border. Boston's only public university is the University of Massachusetts Boston, on Columbia Point in Dorchester. Roxbury Community College and Bunker Hill Community College are the city's two public community colleges. Altogether, Boston's colleges and universities employ over 42,600 people, accounting for nearly 7 percent of the city's workforce. | How many member of the Association of American Universities are in Boston? | How many member of the Association of American Universities are in Boston? | [
"How many member of the Association of American Universities are in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
727
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5094 | 56e1500fcd28a01900c677a4 | Boston | Some of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in the world are located in the Boston area. Four members of the Association of American Universities are in Greater Boston (more than any other metropolitan area): Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston University, and Brandeis University. Hospitals, universities, and research institutions in Greater Boston received more than $1.77 billion in National Institutes of Health grants in 2013, more money than any other American metropolitan area. Greater Boston has more than 100 colleges and universities, with 250,000 students enrolled in Boston and Cambridge alone. Its largest private universities include Boston University (the city's fourth-largest employer) with its main campus along Commonwealth Avenue and a medical campus in the South End; Northeastern University in the Fenway area; Suffolk University near Beacon Hill, which includes law school and business school; and Boston College, which straddles the Boston (Brighton)–Newton border. Boston's only public university is the University of Massachusetts Boston, on Columbia Point in Dorchester. Roxbury Community College and Bunker Hill Community College are the city's two public community colleges. Altogether, Boston's colleges and universities employ over 42,600 people, accounting for nearly 7 percent of the city's workforce. | How many students are enrolled in boston and Cambridge? | How many students are enrolled in boston and Cambridge? | [
"How many students are enrolled in boston and Cambridge?"
] | {
"text": [
"250,000"
],
"answer_start": [
599
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5095 | 56e1500fcd28a01900c677a5 | Boston | Some of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in the world are located in the Boston area. Four members of the Association of American Universities are in Greater Boston (more than any other metropolitan area): Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston University, and Brandeis University. Hospitals, universities, and research institutions in Greater Boston received more than $1.77 billion in National Institutes of Health grants in 2013, more money than any other American metropolitan area. Greater Boston has more than 100 colleges and universities, with 250,000 students enrolled in Boston and Cambridge alone. Its largest private universities include Boston University (the city's fourth-largest employer) with its main campus along Commonwealth Avenue and a medical campus in the South End; Northeastern University in the Fenway area; Suffolk University near Beacon Hill, which includes law school and business school; and Boston College, which straddles the Boston (Brighton)–Newton border. Boston's only public university is the University of Massachusetts Boston, on Columbia Point in Dorchester. Roxbury Community College and Bunker Hill Community College are the city's two public community colleges. Altogether, Boston's colleges and universities employ over 42,600 people, accounting for nearly 7 percent of the city's workforce. | Who is the citys fourth largest employer? | Who is the citys fourth largest employer? | [
"Who is the citys fourth largest employer?"
] | {
"text": [
"Boston University"
],
"answer_start": [
285
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5096 | 56e150c4e3433e1400422db4 | Boston | Smaller private schools include Babson College, Bentley University, Boston Architectural College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wellesley College, Wheelock College, Wentworth Institute of Technology, New England School of Law (originally established as America's first all female law school), and Emerson College. | Babson College is what type of institution? | Babson College is what type of institution? | [
"Babson College is what type of institution?"
] | {
"text": [
"Smaller private schools"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5097 | 56e150c4e3433e1400422db5 | Boston | Smaller private schools include Babson College, Bentley University, Boston Architectural College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wellesley College, Wheelock College, Wentworth Institute of Technology, New England School of Law (originally established as America's first all female law school), and Emerson College. | What small private law school is located in Boston? | What small private law school is located in Boston? | [
"What small private law school is located in Boston?"
] | {
"text": [
"New England School of Law"
],
"answer_start": [
313
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5098 | 56e150c4e3433e1400422db6 | Boston | Smaller private schools include Babson College, Bentley University, Boston Architectural College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wellesley College, Wheelock College, Wentworth Institute of Technology, New England School of Law (originally established as America's first all female law school), and Emerson College. | What was the name of Americas first all female law school? | What was the name of Americas first all female law school? | [
"What was the name of Americas first all female law school?"
] | {
"text": [
"New England School of Law"
],
"answer_start": [
313
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5099 | 56e151c2cd28a01900c677bf | Boston | Metropolitan Boston is home to several conservatories and art schools, including Lesley University College of Art and Design, Massachusetts College of Art, the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, New England Institute of Art, New England School of Art and Design (Suffolk University), Longy School of Music of Bard College, and the New England Conservatory (the oldest independent conservatory in the United States). Other conservatories include the Boston Conservatory and Berklee College of Music, which has made Boston an important city for jazz music. | Wher e is Lesley University College of Art and Desighn located? | Wher e is Lesley University College of Art and Desighn located? | [
"Wher e is Lesley University College of Art and Desighn located?"
] | {
"text": [
"Metropolitan Boston"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
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