id stringlengths 2 8 | url stringlengths 31 174 | title stringlengths 1 110 | text stringlengths 10 288k |
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15862 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%206 | July 6 |
Events
Pre-1600
371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility.
640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt).
1253 – Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania.
1348 – Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull... |
15863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%207 | July 7 | The terms 7th July, July 7th, and 7/7 (pronounced "Seven-seven") have been widely used in the Western media as a shorthand for the 7 July 2005 bombings on London's transport system. In the Chinese language, this term is used to denote the Battle of Lugou Bridge started on July 7, 1937, marking the beginning of the Seco... |
15864 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June%208 | June 8 |
Events
Pre-1600
218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus.
452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces as he heads for Rome.
793 – Vikings raid the abbey at Lindisfarne in Northumbria, commonly... |
15865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June%209 | June 9 |
Events
Pre-1600
411 BC – The Athenian coup succeeds, forming a short-lived oligarchy.
53 – The Roman emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia.
68 – Nero commits suicide, after quoting Vergil's Aeneid, thus ending the Julio-Claudian dynasty and starting the civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors.
721 – Odo of A... |
15866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2027 | January 27 |
Events
Pre-1600
98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent.
945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to become monks by Constantine VII, who becomes sole emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1186 – Henry V... |
15870 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Lynch%20%28New%20Hampshire%20governor%29 | John Lynch (New Hampshire governor) | John Hayden Lynch (born November 25, 1952) is an American attorney, businessman, and politician who served as the 80th governor of New Hampshire from 2005 to 2013. Lynch was first elected governor in 2004, defeating first-term Republican incumbent Craig Benson – the first time a first-term incumbent New Hampshire gover... |
15872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20R.%20R.%20Tolkien | J. R. R. Tolkien | John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (; 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer, poet, philologist, and academic, best known as the author of the high fantasy works The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings.
From 1925-45, Tolkien was the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and a Fellow of Pembroke Colleg... |
15873 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2011 | July 11 |
Events
Pre-1600
472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athan... |
15874 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%208 | July 8 |
Events
Pre-1600
1099 – Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders watch.
1283 – Roger of Lauria, commanding the Aragonese fleet, defeats an Angevin fleet sent to put down a rebellion on Malta.
1497 – Vasco da Gama... |
15878 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2013 | July 13 |
Events
Pre-1600
587 BC – Babylon's siege of Jerusalem ends following the destruction of Solomon's Temple.
1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
1260 – The Livonian Order s... |
15879 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Branch%20Cabell | James Branch Cabell | James Branch Cabell (; April 14, 1879 – May 5, 1958) was an American author of fantasy fiction and belles-lettres. Cabell was well-regarded by his contemporaries, including H. L. Mencken, Edmund Wilson, and Sinclair Lewis. His works were considered escapist and fit well in the culture of the 1920s, when they were most... |
15881 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java%20%28programming%20language%29 | Java (programming language) | Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere (WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support... |
15883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%209 | July 9 |
Events
Pre-1600
118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year ago on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome.
381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I.
491 – Odoacer makes a night assault with his Heruli guardsmen, engaging Theoderic the Great... |
15885 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason | Jason | {{Infobox character
| name = Jason
| family = Aeson (father); Aeolus (ancestor); Hermes (maternal great-grandfather)
| affiliation = The Argonauts
| spouse = Medea
| image = Jason fresque romaine.jpg
| adapted_by =
| nickname = "Amechanos" (in... |
15888 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2024 | July 24 |
Events
Pre-1600
1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade.
1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle: King Edward I of England takes the stronghold using the War Wolf.
1411 – Battle of Har... |
15889 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judah%20ha-Nasi | Judah ha-Nasi | Judah ha-Nasi (, Yəhūḏā haNāsīʾ; Yehudah HaNasi or Judah the Prince) or Judah I, was a second-century rabbi (a tanna of the fifth generation) and chief redactor and editor of the Mishnah. He lived from approximately 135 to 217 CE. He was a key leader of the Jewish community during the Roman occupation of Judea.
Name ... |
15890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Kerouac | Jack Kerouac | Jean-Louis Lebris de Kérouac (; March 12, 1922 – October 21, 1969), known as Jack Kerouac, was an American novelist and poet of French Canadian ancestry, who, alongside William S. Burroughs and Allen Ginsberg, was a pioneer of the Beat Generation.
Raised in a French-speaking home in Lowell, Massachusetts, Kerouac “lea... |
15892 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2026 | July 26 |
Events
Pre-1600
657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriously wounded.
920 – Rout of an alliance of Christian troops from Navarre and Léon against... |
15893 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff%20Mills | Jeff Mills | Jeff Mills (born June 18, 1963, in Detroit, Michigan) is an American DJ, record producer, and composer. Thanks to his technical abilities as a DJ, Mills became known as The Wizard in the early to mid 1980s. In the late 1980s Mills founded the techno collective Underground Resistance with fellow Detroit techno producers... |
15898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Major | John Major | Sir John Major (born 29 March 1943) is a British former politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1990 to 1997, and as Member of Parliament (MP) for Huntingdon, formerly Huntingdonshire, from 1979 to 2001. Prior to becoming Prime Minister, Major served as C... |
15904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz%20dance | Jazz dance | Jazz dance is a performance dance and style that arose in the United States in the mid 20th century. Jazz dance may allude to vernacular jazz about to Broadway or dramatic jazz. The two types expand on African American vernacular styles of dance that arose with jazz music. Vernacular jazz dance incorporates ragtime mov... |
15907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabberwocky | Jabberwocky | "Jabberwocky" is a nonsense poem written by Lewis Carroll about the killing of a creature named "the Jabberwock". It was included in his 1871 novel Through the Looking-Glass, the sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865). The book tells of Alice's adventures within the back-to-front world of Looking-Glass Land.... |
15908 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Sparrow%20David%20Thompson | John Sparrow David Thompson | Sir John Sparrow David Thompson (November 10, 1845 – December 12, 1894) was a Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician who served as the fourth prime minister of Canada, in office from 1892 until his death. He had previously been fifth premier of Nova Scotia for a brief period in 1882.
Thompson was born in Halifax, Nov... |
15910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20compositions%20by%20Johann%20Sebastian%20Bach | List of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach | Johann Sebastian Bach's vocal music includes cantatas, motets, masses, Magnificats, Passions, oratorios, four-part chorales, songs and arias. His instrumental music includes concertos, suites, sonatas, fugues, and other works for organ, harpsichord, lute, violin, viola da gamba, cello, flute, chamber ensemble and orche... |
15911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2030 | July 30 |
Events
Pre-1600
762 – Baghdad is founded.
1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
1601–1900
1609 – Beaver Wars: At Ticonderog... |
15912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20A.%20Macdonald | John A. Macdonald | Sir John Alexander Macdonald (January 10 or 11, 1815 – June 6, 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada, serving from 1867 to 1873 and from 1878 to 1891. The dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, he had a political career that spanned almost half a century.
Macdonald was born in Scotland; when he was a boy ... |
15915 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Diefenbaker | John Diefenbaker | John George Diefenbaker (; September 18, 1895 – August 16, 1979) was the 13th prime minister of Canada, serving from 1957 to 1963. He was the only Progressive Conservative party leader between 1930 and 1979 to lead the party to an election victory, doing so three times, although only once with a majority of the seats... |
15916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel%20Basquiat | Jean-Michel Basquiat | Jean-Michel Basquiat (; December 22, 1960 – August 12, 1988) was an American artist who rose to success during the 1980s as part of the Neo-expressionism movement.
Basquiat first achieved fame as part of the graffiti duo SAMO, alongside Al Diaz, writing enigmatic epigrams in the cultural hotbed of Manhattan's Lower Ea... |
15918 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Graves%20Simcoe | John Graves Simcoe | John Graves Simcoe (25 February 1752 – 26 October 1806) was a British Army general and the first lieutenant governor of Upper Canada from 1791 until 1796 in southern Ontario and the watersheds of Georgian Bay and Lake Superior. He founded York (now Toronto) and was instrumental in introducing institutions such as court... |
15919 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Wilkes%20Booth | John Wilkes Booth | John Wilkes Booth (May 10, 1838 – April 26, 1865) was an American stage actor who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1865. A member of the prominent 19th-century Booth theatrical family from Maryland, he was a noted actor who was also a Confederate sympathizer; de... |
15920 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2017 | January 17 |
Events
Pre-1600
38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.
1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on the shores of the North Sea.
1377 – Pope Gregory XI reaches Rome, after deciding to move th... |
15922 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2027 | July 27 |
Events
Pre-1600
1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Stefan Nemanja, during the Third Crusade.
1202 – Georgian–Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basian the ... |
15923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan%20Quayle | Dan Quayle | James Danforth Quayle (; born February 4, 1947) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 44th vice president of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush. Before that, Quayle served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Indiana's 4th district from 1977 to 1981 an... |
15924 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius%20Caesar | Julius Caesar | Gaius Julius Caesar (; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator of Rome from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC. H... |
15925 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobitism | Jacobitism | Jacobitism (; , ; , ) was a largely 17th- and 18th-century movement that supported the restoration of the senior line of the House of Stuart to the British throne. The name is derived from Jacobus, the Latin version of James.
When James II and VII went into exile after the 1688 Glorious Revolution, the Parliament of E... |
15927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20G.%20Ballard | J. G. Ballard | James Graham Ballard (15 November 193019 April 2009) was an English novelist, short story writer, satirist, and essayist who first became associated with the New Wave of science fiction for his post-apocalyptic novels such as The Drowned World (1962). In the late 1960s, he produced a variety of experimental short stori... |
15928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journalism | Journalism | Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the "news of the day" and that informs society to at least some degree. The word applies to the occupation (professional or not), the methods of gathering information, and the organizing literary sty... |
15930 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Calvin | John Calvin | John Calvin (; Middle French: Jean Cauvin;
; 10 July 150927 May 1564) was a French theologian, pastor, and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism, including its doctrines of predestination and of God... |
15935 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June%2016 | June 16 |
Events
Pre-1600
363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king (shah) of the Persian Empire. He becomes the last ruler of the Sasanian dynasty (modern I... |
15936 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June%2015 | June 15 |
Events
Pre-1600
763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history.
844 – Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II.
923 – Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed and King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of D... |
15937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judit%20Polg%C3%A1r | Judit Polgár | Judit Polgár (born 23 July 1976) is a Hungarian chess grandmaster, generally considered the strongest female chess player of all time. In 1991, Polgár achieved the title of Grandmaster at the age of 15 years and 4 months, at the time the youngest to have done so, breaking the record previously held by former World Cham... |
15940 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2022 | January 22 |
Events
Pre-1600
613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (Caesar) by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vikings at Basing.
1506 – The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrives at the Vatican.
1517 –... |
15941 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques%20Rousseau | Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Jean-Jacques Rousseau (, ; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational thought.
His D... |
15942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20von%20Neumann | John von Neumann | John von Neumann (; , ; December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957) was a Hungarian-American mathematician, physicist, computer scientist, engineer and polymath. Von Neumann was regarded as perhaps the mathematician with the widest coverage of the subject in his time and was said to have been "the last representative of the ... |
15943 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Newton | John Newton | John Newton (; – 21 December 1807) was an English Anglican cleric, a captain of slave ships who later became an investor in the slave trade but subsequently became an abolitionist. He served as a sailor in the Royal Navy for a period after forced recruitment.
Newton went to sea at a young age and worked on slave ship... |
15944 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet%20engine | Jet engine | A jet engine is a type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this broad definition can include rocket, water jet, and hybrid propulsion, the term typically refers to an internal combustion airbreathing jet engine such as a turbojet, turbofan, ramjet, or pulse j... |
15947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2016 | July 16 |
Events
Pre-1600
622 – The beginning of the Islamic calendar.
997 – Battle of Spercheios: Bulgarian forces of Tsar Samuel are defeated by a Byzantine army under general Nikephoros Ouranos at the Spercheios River in Greece.
1054 – Three Roman legates break relations between Western and Eastern Christian Churches throu... |
15948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20L.%20Chalker | Jack L. Chalker | Jack Laurence Chalker (December 17, 1944 – February 11, 2005) was an American science fiction author. Chalker was also a Baltimore City Schools history teacher in Maryland for 12 years, retiring during 1978 to write full-time. He also was a member of the Washington Science Fiction Association and was involved in the fo... |
15949 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Blish | James Blish | James Benjamin Blish () was an American science fiction and fantasy writer. He is best known for his Cities in Flight novels, and his series of Star Trek novelizations written with his wife, J. A. Lawrence. He is credited with creating the term "gas giant" to refer to large planetary bodies.
Blish was a member of the ... |
15950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Madison | James Madison | James Madison Jr. (March 16, 1751June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, diplomat, expansionist, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the 4th president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. He is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the Constitution of ... |
15954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2024 | January 24 |
Events
Pre-1600
41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
1438 – The Council of Basel suspends Pope Eugene IV.
1458 – Matthias Corvinus is elected King of Hungary.
1536 – Kin... |
15956 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20the%20Travellers%20Aid%20Society | Journal of the Travellers Aid Society | Journal of the Travellers Aid Society is a role-playing game magazine devoted to Traveller, commonly abbreviated JTAS.
History
In 1979 Loren K. Wiseman created a magazine to support Traveller, which resulted in Game Designers' Workshop'sThe Journal of the Travellers' Aid Society (JTAS), which Wiseman would further dev... |
15960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial%20Committee%20of%20the%20Privy%20Council | Judicial Committee of the Privy Council | The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) is the highest court of appeal for certain British territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few UK bodies. Established on 13 August 1833 to hear appeals formerly heard by the King-in-Council, the Privy Council formerly acted as the court of last resort for the en... |
15962 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6tunheimr | Jötunheimr | In Norse cosmology, Jötunheimr (or in Old Norse orthography: Jǫtunheimr ; often anglicized as Jotunheim) is a location associated with the Jötnar, entities in Norse mythology, which are often translated as "giants".
Legend
From Jötunheimr, the jötnar menace the human race in Midgard and the gods in Asgard. The river Í... |
15963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Friedrich%20Agricola | Johann Friedrich Agricola | Johann Friedrich Agricola (4 January 1720 – 2 December 1774) was a German composer, organist, singer, pedagogue, and writer on music. He sometimes wrote under the pseudonym Flavio Anicio Olibrio.
Biography
Agricola was born in Dobitschen, Thuringia.
Leipzig
While a student of law at Leipzig (1738–41) he studied music... |
15965 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hutton | James Hutton | James Hutton (; 3 June 1726 – 26 March 1797) was a Scottish geologist, agriculturalist, chemical manufacturer, naturalist and physician. Often referred to as the ‘father’ of modern geology, he played a key role in establishing geology as a modern science.
Hutton advanced the idea that the physical world's remote hist... |
15966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakob%20Abbadie | Jakob Abbadie | Jakob Abbadie (; 25 September 1727), also known as Jacques or James Abbadie, was a French Protestant minister and writer. He became Dean of Killaloe, in Ireland.
Life
Jacques Abbadie was born at Nay, Béarn, probably in 1654, although 1657 and 1658 have been given; he is "most probably the Jacques Abbadie who was the ... |
15967 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry%20Lewis | Jerry Lewis | Jerry Lewis (born Joseph Levitch; March 16, 1926 – August 20, 2017) was an American comedian, director, actor, screenwriter, singer, humanitarian and producer. Nicknamed "The King of Comedy", Lewis is regarded as one of the most significant American cultural figures of the 20th century, was widely known for his "kid" a... |
15968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2029 | July 29 |
Events
Pre-1600
587 BC – The Neo-Babylonian Empire sacks Jerusalem and destroys the First Temple.
238 – The Praetorian Guard storm the palace and capture Pupienus and Balbinus. They are dragged through the streets of Rome and executed. On the same day, Gordian III, age 13, is proclaimed emperor, the sixth emperor ... |
15970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes%20Agricola | Johannes Agricola | Johann or Johannes Agricola (originally Schneider, then Schnitter; 20 April 1494 – 22 September 1566) was a German Protestant Reformer during the Protestant Reformation. He was a follower and friend of Martin Luther, who became his antagonist in the matter of the binding obligation of the law on Christians.
Biography
... |
15971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2012 | July 12 |
Events
Pre-1600
70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.
927 – King Constantine II of Scotland, King Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, Ealdred of Bamburgh and King Owain of the Cumbrians accep... |
15974 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Georg%20Albrechtsberger | Johann Georg Albrechtsberger | Johann George Albrechtsberger (3 February 1736 – 7 March 1809) was an Austrian composer, organist, and music theorist, and one of the teachers of Ludwig van Beethoven. He was friendly with Haydn and Mozart.
Biography
Albrechtsberger was born at Klosterneuburg, near Vienna. He originally studied music at Melk Abbey and... |
15975 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Alden | John Alden | John Alden ( 1598 – 1687) was a crew member on the historic 1620 voyage of the Mayflower which brought the English settlers commonly known as Pilgrims to Plymouth Colony in present-day Massachusetts, US. He was hired in Southampton, England, as the ship's cooper, responsible for maintaining the ship's barrels. Although... |
15976 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20cuisine | Japanese cuisine | Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of political, economic, and social changes. The traditional cuisine of Japan (Japanese: ) is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients. Side dishes often con... |
15978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Monroe | James Monroe | James Monroe (; April 28, 1758July 4, 1831) was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat and Founding Father who served as the 5th president of the United States from 1817 to 1825. A member of the Democratic-Republican Party, Monroe was the last president of the Virginia dynasty and the Republican Generation; his presid... |
15980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20K.%20Polk | James K. Polk | James Knox Polk (November 2, 1795 – June 15, 1849) was the 11th president of the United States, serving from 1845 to 1849. He previously was the 13th Speaker of the House of Representatives (1835–1839) and ninth governor of Tennessee (1839–1841). A protégé of Andrew Jackson, he was a member of the Democratic Party and ... |
15982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%204 | January 4 |
Events
Pre-1600
46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina.
871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army.
1601–1900
1649 – English Civil War: The Rump Parliament votes to put Charles I on trial.
1717 – The Netherlands, Great Bri... |
15986 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%206 | January 6 |
Events
Pre-1600
1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eventually lead to the Norman conquest of England.
1205 – Philip of Swabia undergoes a... |
15987 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%207 | January 7 |
Events
Pre-1600
49 BC –The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting.
1325 – Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal.
1558 – French troops, led by Francis, Duke of Guise, take Calais,... |
15988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%208 | January 8 |
Events
Pre-1600
307 – Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying.
871 – Æthelred I and Alfred the Great lead a West Saxon army to repel an invasion by Danelaw Vikings.
1297 – François Grimaldi, disguised as a monk, leads his men to capt... |
15990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2023 | January 23 |
Events
Pre-1600
393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor.
971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao.
1264 – In the conflict between King Henry III of England and his rebellious barons led by Simon de Mont... |
15992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy%20Carter | Jimmy Carter | James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American former politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975 and as a Georgia state senator from 1963 to 1967. Since leaving ... |
15993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Napier | John Napier | John Napier of Merchiston (; 1 February 1550 – 4 April 1617), nicknamed Marvellous Merchiston, was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer. He was the 8th Laird of Merchiston. His Latinized name was Ioannes Neper.
John Napier is best known as the discoverer of logarithms. He also inve... |
15995 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Heinrich%20Alsted | Johann Heinrich Alsted | Johann Heinrich Alsted (March 1588 – November 9, 1638), "the true parent of all the Encyclopædias", was a German-born Transylvanian Saxon Calvinist minister and academic, known for his varied interests: in Ramism and Lullism, pedagogy and encyclopedias, theology and millenarianism. His contemporaries noted that an anag... |
15996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2022 | July 22 |
Events
Pre-1600
838 – Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids.
1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem.
1209 – Massacre at Béziers: The first major military action of the Albigensian Cr... |
15997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean%20Joseph%20Marie%20Amiot | Jean Joseph Marie Amiot | Jean Joseph Marie Amiot (sometimes Amyot; ; February 1718October 9, 1793) was a French Jesuit missionary in Qing China, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.
Life
Joseph Marie Amiot was born at Toulon. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1737 and was sent in 1750 as a missionary to China. He soon won the confidenc... |
15998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques%20Amp%C3%A8re | Jean-Jacques Ampère | Jean-Jacques Ampère (12 August 1800 – 27 March 1864) was a French philologist and man of letters.
Born in Lyon, he was the only son of the physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836). Jean-Jacques' mother died while he was an infant. (But André-Marie Ampère had a daughter – Albine (1807–1842) – with his second wife.) On ... |
15999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob%20Anatoli | Jacob Anatoli | Jacob ben Abba Mari ben Simson Anatoli (c. 1194 – 1256) was a translator of Arabic texts to Hebrew. He was invited to Naples by Frederick II. Under this royal patronage, and in association with Michael Scot, Anatoli made Arabic learning accessible to Western readers. Among his most important works were translations of ... |
16001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyula%20Andr%C3%A1ssy | Gyula Andrássy | Count Gyula Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka (8 March 1823 – 18 February 1890) was a Hungarian statesman, who served as Prime Minister of Hungary (1867–1871) and subsequently as Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary (1871–1879). Andrássy was a conservative; his foreign policies looked to expanding the Empire... |
16003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Weizenbaum | Joseph Weizenbaum | Joseph Weizenbaum (8 January 1923 – 5 March 2008) was a German American computer scientist and a professor at MIT. The Weizenbaum Award is named after him. He is considered one of the fathers of modern artificial intelligence.
Life and career
Born in Berlin, Germany to Jewish parents, he escaped Nazi Germany in Januar... |
16005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome | Jerome | Jerome (; ; ; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian priest, confessor, theologian, and historian; he is commonly known as Saint Jerome.
Jerome was born at Stridon, a village near Emona on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia. He is best known for his translation of most of the Bible int... |
16009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG | JPEG | JPEG ( ) is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and image quality. JPEG typically achieves 10:1 compression with little perceptible lo... |
16010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Severn | Joseph Severn | Joseph Severn (7 December 1793 – 3 August 1879) was an English portrait and subject painter and a personal friend of the famous English poet John Keats. He exhibited portraits, Italian genre, literary and biblical subjects, and a selection of his paintings can today be found in some of the most important museums in Lo... |
16011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2019 | January 19 |
Events
Pre-1600
379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to Augustus, and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender after a forty-day siege led by Tang dynasty general Ashina She'er, establishing Tang control o... |
16014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetsprint | Jetsprint | Jetsprint or sprint boat racing is a form of motorboat racing in which jetboats, with a crew of two, race individually against the clock through a twisting series of channels in less than a metre of water.
Tracks are typically designed for spectators, and racing is fast and loud, with boat motors usually powered by V8... |
16016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism | Jainism | Jainism () is an ancient Indian religion that forecasts that its ontology, soteriology, and epistemology are true. The three main pillars of Jainism are ahiṃsā (non-violence), anekāntavāda (non-absolutism), and aparigraha (ascetism).
Jain monks take five main vows: ahiṃsā (non-violence), satya (truth), asteya (not ste... |
16017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanna%20Russ | Joanna Russ | Joanna Russ (February 22, 1937 – April 29, 2011) was an American writer, academic and radical feminist. She is the author of a number of works of science fiction, fantasy and feminist literary criticism such as How to Suppress Women's Writing, as well as a contemporary novel, On Strike Against God, and one children's b... |
16018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July%2014 | July 14 | The date is most famously associated with the Storming of the Bastille in Paris, the event which escalated widespread unrest into the French Revolution. Bastille Day (Fr. Fête nationale) remains a day of national celebration in France.
Events
Pre-1600
982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army were defeated by the Mus... |
16020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson%2C%20Michigan | Jackson, Michigan | Jackson is the only city and county seat of Jackson County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 33,534, down from 36,316 at the 2000 census. Located along Interstate 94 and U.S. Route 127, it is approximately west of Ann Arbor and south of Lansing. Jackson is the core city of... |
16021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Irving | John Irving | John Winslow Irving (born John Wallace Blunt Jr.; March 2, 1942) is an American-Canadian novelist and screenwriter.
Irving achieved critical and popular acclaim after the international success of The World According to Garp in 1978. Many of Irving's novels, including The Hotel New Hampshire (1981), The Cider House Rul... |
16022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2016 | January 16 |
Events
Pre-1600
27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire.
378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spearthrower Owl of Teotihuacán.
550 – Gothic War: The Ostrogoths, under King Totila, conquer R... |
16023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno | Juno | Juno commonly refers to:
Juno (mythology), the Roman goddess of marriage and queen of the gods
Juno (film), 2007
Juno may also refer to:
Arts, entertainment and media
Fictional characters
Juno, in the film Jenny, Juno
Juno, in the film Beetlejuice
Juno, in the manga series Beastars
Sailor Juno, a character in the ma... |
16024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justus%20von%20Liebig | Justus von Liebig | Justus Freiherr von Liebig (12 May 1803 – 20 April 1873) was a German scientist who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry, and is considered one of the principal founders of organic chemistry. As a professor at the University of Giessen, he devised the modern laboratory-oriented teaching met... |
16025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%2020 | January 20 |
Events
Pre-1600
250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution.
649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
1156 – Finnish peasant Lalli kills English clergyman Henry, the Bishop of Turku, on the ice of Lake Kö... |
16027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20K.%20Rowling | J. K. Rowling | Joanne Rowling, ( ; born 31 July 1965), known by her pen name J. K. Rowling, is a British author, philanthropist, film producer, and screenwriter. She is the author of the Harry Potter series, which has won multiple awards and sold more than 500 million copies as of 2018, and in 2008 became the best-selling book child... |
16028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan%20Hus | Jan Hus | Jan Hus (; ; – 6 July 1415), sometimes anglicized as John Hus or John Huss, and referred to in historical texts as Iohannes Hus or Johannes Huss, was a Czech theologian and philosopher who became a Church reformer and the inspiration of Hussitism, a key predecessor to Protestantism, and a seminal figure in the Bohemia... |
16030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juru%C3%A1%20River | Juruá River | The Juruá River (Portuguese Rio Juruá; Spanish Río Yuruá) is a southern affluent river of the Amazon River west of the Purus River, sharing with this the bottom of the immense inland Amazon depression, and having all the characteristics of the Purus as regards curvature, sluggishness and general features of the low, ha... |
16031 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javary%20River | Javary River | The Javary River, Javari River or Yavarí River (; ) is a tributary of the Amazon that forms the boundary between Brazil and Peru for more than . It is navigable by canoe for from above its mouth to its source in the Ucayali highlands, but only 260 were found suitable for steam navigation.
The Brazilian Boundary Comm... |
16032 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julio-Claudian%20dynasty | Julio-Claudian dynasty | The Julio-Claudian dynasty comprised the first five Roman emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.
This line of emperors ruled the Roman Empire, from its formation (under Augustus, in 27 BC) until the last of the line, emperor Nero, committed suicide (in 68 AD).
The name Julio-Claudian is a histori... |
16034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson%20solid | Johnson solid | In geometry, a Johnson solid is a strictly convex polyhedron each face of which is a regular polygon. There is no requirement that each face must be the same polygon, or that the same polygons join around each vertex. An example of a Johnson solid is the square-based pyramid with equilateral sides (J1); it has 1 square... |
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