id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_aux_2376 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##ing sediments. this hypothesis is supported by a groundwater model and by sulfates discovered in a wide area. at first, by examining surface materials with opportunity rover, scientists discovered that groundwater had repeatedly risen and deposited sulfates. later studies with instruments on board the mars reco... | [
"lava and energy",
"water and radiation from space",
"gases and lava",
"water and protection from radiation"
] | D | null |
medmcqa_2907 | medmcqa | <ctx>
jaundice can be caused by a few viruses that the human body can naturally clear, jaundice in the setting of an obstruction is usually caused by a cancer and can result in intolerable itching and a worsening of liver function that can be life - threatening. depending on a patient's condition, this type of obstruct... | [
"Posteriorly related to 1st pa of duodenum",
"Related posteriorly to the tunnel of pancreatic head",
"Anteriorly related to 1st pa of duodenum",
"Related to IVC posteriorly"
] | C | Bile duct : Anatomy It lies in front of the poal vein and to the right of the hepatic aery Common hepatic duct is 1-4cm in length and has a diameter of approx. 4mm CBD is about 7-11 cm in length and 5-10 mm in diameter A fibroareolar tissue containing scant smooth muscle surround the mucosa (a distinct muscle layer is ... |
qasc_538 | qasc | <ctx>
23. 4 torr distillation of solutions solutions whose components have significantly different vapor pressures may be separated by a selective vaporization process known as distillation. consider the simple case of a mixture of two volatile liquids, a and b, with a being the more volatile liquid. raoult β s law can... | [
"an electron lens",
"simple",
"evaporation",
"heat energy"
] | C | |
aquarat_32295 | aquarat | <ctx>
##h glossy ibis gouldian finch great cormorant green - winged macaw helmeted guineafowl little pied cormorant magpie goose noisy pitta pacific emerald dove pied imperial pigeon radjah shelduck rainbow lorikeet red - browed finch red - collared lorikeet red - tailed black cockatoo rose - crowned fruit dove sacred ... | [
"A)91",
"B)87",
"C)90",
"D)17"
] | C | 200*2 = 400
580
-----
180
1----2
?----180 = 90
Answer: C |
medmcqa_5996 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##s, especially in aged dogs, can appear similar to mf or non - epidermotropic cutaneous lymphoma ( necl ). multiple histiocytomas may look like cutaneous histiocytosis, although morphologically histiocytomas are consistently epidermotropic and commonly epidermally invasive, these are not features of cutaneous hi... | [
"Churg Straus disease",
"Takayasu's aeris",
"Wegener's granulomatosis",
"Buerger's disease"
] | D | . |
medmcqa_8444 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a 2015 study, cary stothart, walter boot, and daniel simons attempted to replicate and extend the findings from both graham and burke's 2011 study and steven most and colleague's 2000 study on amazon mechanical turk using a sample of 515 participants that varied in age. in this study, participants were tasked wit... | [
"Thicker lens, contraction of ciliary muscle",
"Thicker lens, relaxation of ciliary muscle",
"Thinner lens, contraction of ciliary muscle",
"Thinner lens, relaxation of ciliary muscle"
] | D | Light rays from distant objects do not require as much refraction (bending) as do light rays from objects close at hand. Therefore, a thinner lens with less curvature is required for viewing distant objects. The process of accommodation adjusts the thickness of the lens for near and far vision by contracting or relaxin... |
qasc_2031 | qasc | <ctx>
. the growth of speleology is directly linked with that of the sport of caving, both because of the stimulation of public interest and awareness, and the fact that most speleological field - work has been conducted by sport cavers. cave geology, hydrogeology and biology karst is a landscape that has limestone und... | [
"calcite",
"craters",
"deposition",
"tornadoes"
] | C | |
aquarat_12661 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 20 m / s to the right. refer to figure 3. 43, which shows a boat trying to go straight across the river. let us calculate the magnitude and direction of the boat β s velocity relative to an observer on the shore,. the velocity of the boat,, is 0. 75 m / s in the - direction relative to the river and the veloci... | [
"A)4 km",
"B)8 km",
"C)6 km",
"D)12 km"
] | D | Let D is the distance travelled. Then,
D/(9+3) + D/(9-3) = 3 => D = 12
Answer: D |
aquarat_13849 | aquarat | <ctx>
and bob. at the very start of the game, alice and bob are separated. after they are separated, communication between them is not possible. the game requires that alice fill in one row, and bob one column, of a 3Γ3 table with plus and minus signs. before the game begins, alice does not know which row of the table ... | [
"A)1/11",
"B)1/9",
"C)1/6",
"D)2/7"
] | C | After 2 cards have been selected, there are 42 cards remaining.
P(third card has a picture of fruit) = 7/42 = 1/6
The answer is C. |
qasc_2218 | qasc | <ctx>
mutations and selection. advantages multicellularity allows an organism to exceed the size limits normally imposed by diffusion : single cells with increased size have a decreased surface - to - volume ratio and have difficulty absorbing sufficient nutrients and transporting them throughout the cell. multicellula... | [
"allow growth",
"sensory neurons",
"Chlorophyll",
"organelles"
] | D | |
arc_challenge_717 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
variations in their temperature during production, transport, storage, preparation and consumption, e. g., pasteurization, sterilization, evaporation, cooking, freezing, chilling, etc. temperature changes cause alterations in the physical and chemical properties of food components which influence the overall prop... | [
"the addition of acids to create a ball of food",
"the secretion of pepsin to change proteins to peptides",
"the breakdown of food substances by digestive juices",
"the squeezing of food through the intestines"
] | D | |
openbookqa_962 | openbookqa | <ctx>
of free energy changes are possible. exercises
to reduce back pain. prolonged muscle action produces muscle strain. note that the cg of the entire body is still directly above the base of support in part ( b ) of figure 9. 26. this is compulsory ; otherwise the person would not be in equilibrium. we lean forward... | [
"dead-lifting",
"thinking",
"sleeping",
"singing"
] | A | |
arc_easy_552 | arc_easy | <ctx>
1. 2 phases and classification of matter matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. the basic building block of matter is the atom, the smallest unit of an element that can enter into combinations with atoms of the same or other elements. in many substances, atoms are combined into molecules. on earth, ... | [
"All matter gives off light.",
"All matter is attracted by magnets.",
"All matter is made of atoms.",
"All matter dissolves in water."
] | C | |
medmcqa_5211 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a cardiac arrhythmia or alternating mris or mammograms every six months if a patient is found to be at increased risk for breast cancer. predictive medicine is intended for both healthy individuals ( " predictive health " ) and for those with diseases ( " predictive medicine " ), its purpose being to predict susc... | [
"Lactose malabsorption",
"Fatty acid malabsorption",
"Amino acid malabsorption",
"Cobalamin malabsorption"
] | D | |
medmcqa_9016 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. β nature β, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"Common in female",
"Causes sensory neural deafness",
"It is a disease of infancy",
"It invades labyrinth, petrous pyramid and mastoid"
] | C | Ans. C It is a disease of infancyLet us see each option separatelyOption a - Common in femalesIt is correct as females are affected five times more than males.Option b - Causes sensorineural deafnessThis is paially correct as glomus tumor leads to mainly conductive type hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss is uncom... |
aquarat_12010 | aquarat | <ctx>
money between two accounts in a same bank is mostly free ( for some banks may incur a small charge of irr 250 ) but between different banks costs from 5, 000 to 39, 600 ( for amounts of 10, 000 to 150, 000, 000 ) for instant transactions, irr 2, 000 to 25, 000 for " paya " transactions, and checking the account b... | [
"A)Rs. 4250",
"B)Rs. 4228",
"C)Rs. 4128",
"D)Rs. 4988"
] | A | Amithab's total expenditure for Jan - June = 4200 x 6 = 25200
Expenditure for Feb - June = 25200-1200 = 24000
Expenditure for the months of Feb - July = 24000 + 1500 =25500
The average expenditure = {25500}/{6}=4250
Answer: A |
aquarat_9075 | aquarat | <ctx>
gives because we are working in inches, we need to convert square yards to square inches : this conversion gives us for the area of the field. ( note that we are using only one significant figure in these calculations. ) ( 4 ) calculate the total volume of the bills. the volume of all the - bill stacks is 1. 14 1... | [
"A)2pie",
"B)11pie",
"C)178 pie",
"D)711 pie"
] | C | radius of barrel, R=80
radius of model, r=80/16=5
surface area of the model =2βpiβr(r+h)=80βpi
which gives h=3 and H=3β16=48
So, volume of the barrel =piβR2βH=piβ(80)2β(48) in cubic inches
Converting in cubic ft results: volume =piβ(80)2β(48)/(12)3=178pi cubic ft approximately
Answer [C] |
openbookqa_2506 | openbookqa | <ctx>
cuttings taken from the base of a tree will form roots much more readily than cuttings originating from the mid to upper crown. flowering close to the base of a tree is absent or less profuse than flowering in the higher branches especially when a young tree first reaches flowering age. the transition from early ... | [
"a logger chops the shrub down",
"a fire ravages the shrub and its local ecosystem",
"a human makes a smoothie out of some raspberries",
"a hare eats its berries and deposits leftovers far away"
] | D | |
medmcqa_6358 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cocktail β vaccine against neisseria meninitidis that uses five antigens to promote immunity. similar approaches have been used for a variety of other human pathogens, such as streptococcus pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, bacillus anthracis, porphyromonas gingivalis, mycobacterium tuberculosis, helicobacter pyl... | [
"Staphylococcus",
"Leptospira",
"Campylobactor",
"M. tuberculosis"
] | D | Ans. is. 'd' i. e., M. tuberculosis |
aquarat_25672 | aquarat | <ctx>
mr. jones has two children. the older child is a girl. what is the probability that both children are girls? under the aforementioned assumptions, in this problem, a random family is selected. in this sample space, there are four equally probable events : only two of these possible events meet the criteria specif... | [
"A)20",
"B)31",
"C)9",
"D)31"
] | B | Total people eat veg = only veg + both veg and non veg
Total= 19+12= 31
Answer = B |
mmlu_aux_4734 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
an antifreeze is an additive which lowers the freezing point of a water - based liquid. an antifreeze mixture is used to achieve freezing - point depression for cold environments. common antifreezes also increase the boiling point of the liquid, allowing higher coolant temperature. however, all common antifreeze ... | [
"water",
"ethylene glycol",
"any chemical",
"any mixture"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_9545 | medmcqa | <ctx>
observe tissue impressions, noting that the printed fabric are different dimensions, i. e. size and shape, inferring that the cloth was of different thickness. waste coal was observed and vegetal remains in clay, in some fragments could see varied pigmentation probably due to the temperature at which the utensils... | [
"Forehead",
"Hand",
"Thorax",
"Abdomen"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., forehead LACERATIONS (Tear or Rupture)o Lacerations are tears or splits of skin, mucous membrane and underlying tissue (e.g., muscle or internal organs). Lacerations are produced by application of blunt force to broad area of the body, which crush or stretch tissues beyond the limits of their elastici... |
aquarat_33709 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 β p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)16 years 8 months",
"B)12 years",
"C)10 years 7 months 4 days",
"D)15 years"
] | A | Solution: simple interest question
B=A[1+ (tr/100)]; where A is principal amount, B final amount, t time in years and r interest rate
after putting the values 12
3= [1+(12t/100)]
t= 50/3 which is (48+2)/3= 16 + 2/3 means 16 years and (12*2)/3 = 8 months.
Answer is A |
openbookqa_1095 | openbookqa | <ctx>
99 β 159. robert k. crane. " digestion and absorption : water - soluble organics ". international review of physiology, gastrointestinal physiology ii, vol. 12, robert k. crane, ed., university park press, 1977, pp. 325 β 365. robert k. crane. " intestinal structure and function related to toxicity ". environment... | [
"enter through the ears and exit through the toes",
"be breathed in through the lungs and expelled through the eyes",
"enter the rectum and be excreted out the mouth",
"enter the mouth and be expelled out the rectum"
] | D | |
aquarat_24055 | aquarat | <ctx>
##h glossy ibis gouldian finch great cormorant green - winged macaw helmeted guineafowl little pied cormorant magpie goose noisy pitta pacific emerald dove pied imperial pigeon radjah shelduck rainbow lorikeet red - browed finch red - collared lorikeet red - tailed black cockatoo rose - crowned fruit dove sacred ... | [
"A)400",
"B)360",
"C)270",
"D)180"
] | B | Total birds = 450 = 5 * Other Animals (X)
or X = 90.
So, Difference in Birds and X = 450-90 = 360.
Answer is B. |
aquarat_49940 | aquarat | <ctx>
that is non - negative and minimal. for the fourth line of the following example this means that has to be chosen β and not nor for example, to convert 146 in decimal to negaternary : reading the remainders backward we obtain the negaternary representation of 14610 : 21102 β 3. proof : ( ( ( 2 Β· ( β 3 ) + 1 ) Β· (... | [
"A)48",
"B)50",
"C)52",
"D)56"
] | A | When A1/A2, Remainder = A3 = 6 --> A1 = xA2 + 6
When A2/A3, Remainder = A4 = 0 --> A2 = yA3
A1 = xyA3 + 6 = kA3 + 6 = 6(k + 1) --> A1 must be a multiple of 6
Only option A is a multiple of 6
Answer: A |
qasc_2975 | qasc | <ctx>
##ijs l ( 2002 ) il - 2 and related cytokines can promote t cell survival by activating akt. journal of immunology 168 ( 2 ) : 597 - 603 ( 15 january ). ; open access. kelly e, won a, refaeli y, and van parijs l ( 2007 ) erratum : il - 2 and related cytokines... journal of immunology 179 ( 12 ) : 8569 ( 15 decemb... | [
"tissues",
"anemia",
"antibodies",
"cigarettes"
] | C | |
medmcqa_6647 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##6 : 509 - 515. pmid 32967005. persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in aerosol suspensions ( 2020 ). emerging infectious diseases, 26 ( 9 ), 2168. needle - free delivery of measles virus vaccine to the lower respiratory tract of non - human primates elicits optimal immunity and protecti... | [
"b",
"ac",
"ab",
"bd"
] | B | |
aquarat_18881 | aquarat | <ctx>
gave two hundred to the sentry and three hundred to the jew. " at that time the two walked in to receive what had been promised to them - and each received the allotted blows. the soldier, being used to such treatment took them well. but the jew piteously cried out, " oh my, oh my, these thalers are hard! " the k... | [
"A)$31.63",
"B)$35.63",
"C)$32.63",
"D)$37.63"
] | A | A
$31.63
The amount must have been $31.63. He received $63.31. After he had spent a nickel there would remain the sum of $63.26, which is twice the amount of the check. |
aquarat_39563 | aquarat | <ctx>
we are in effect finding the contributions of all individuals of age up to t. we need not consider individuals born before the start of this analysis since we can just set the base point low enough to incorporate all of them. let us then guess an exponential solution of the form b ( t ) = qert. plugging this into... | [
"A)17",
"B)21",
"C)22",
"D)24"
] | B | Average of 22 numbers = 0.
Sum of 22 numbers (0 x 22) = 0.
It is quite possible that 21 of these numbers may be positive and if their sum is a then 22nd number is (-a)
Answer is 21 (B) |
medmcqa_5426 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. w. 1986. the trichomycetes : fungal associates of arthropods. springer - verlag, new york. 343 pp. lichtwardt, r. w., and williams, m. c. 1988. discovery of sexual reproduction in an unusual new species of stachylina ( trichomycetes ). mycologia 80 : 400 β 405. lichtwardt, r. w., and williams, m. c. 1990. trich... | [
"Epidermophyton",
"Microsporum",
"Trichophyton",
"Trichosporon"
] | A | trichophyton- hair, skin and nail. microsporum- hair and skin. epidermophyton- skin and nail. REF:Baveja textbook of microbiology 4th edition. |
aquarat_7324 | aquarat | <ctx>
then 4, and so on, ending with - 5, using counting for loops?
yields c, 5 yields d and 6, 7 or 8 yield e. thus we have a monkey at a typewriter hitting five keys with various probabilities ( 37, 56, 70, 56, 37 over 256 ). there are 55 possible 5 - letter words, and from a string of 256000 ( overlapping ) 5 - let... | [
"A)A)11",
"B)B)18",
"C)C)20",
"D)D)21"
] | D | Explanation:
Explanation:
Clearly, from 1 to 100, there are ten numbers with 1 as the unit's digit- 1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81, 91; and ten numbers with 1 as the ten's digit - 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 100
So, required number = 10 + 11 = 21.
Answer: D |
qasc_1190 | qasc | <ctx>
, beland, s. l. & hellerstein, m. ( 2004 ). " changing odor hedonic perception through emotional associations in humans. " international journal of comparative psychology, 17, 315 β 339. herz, r. s., schankler, c. & beland, s. ( 2004 ). " olfaction, emotion and associative learning : effects on motivated behavior... | [
"h2o",
"salamanders",
"plants",
"elephants"
] | B | |
openbookqa_1740 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##s of the external ear selectively boost sound pressure with frequency in the range 2 β 5 khz. the pinna as a result of its asymmetrical structure is able to provide further cues about the elevation from which the sound originated. the vertical asymmetry of the pinna selectively amplifies sounds of higher freque... | [
"ear aches",
"radio stations",
"Brain cancer",
"direct current"
] | D | |
aquarat_39781 | aquarat | <ctx>
area is the measure of a region's size on a surface. the area of a plane region or plane area refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while surface area refers to the area of an open surface or the boundary of a three - dimensional object. area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thic... | [
"A)I alone sufficient while II alone not sufficient to answer",
"B)II alone sufficient while I alone not sufficient to answer",
"C)Either I or II alone sufficient to answer",
"D)Both I and II are not sufficient to answer"
] | A | EXPLANATION
I. A = 20 x B β1-div-1by2 x B x H = 20 x BβH = 40.
I alone gives the answer.
II gives, perimeter of the triangle = 40 cm.
This does not give the height of the triangle.
answer is (A). |
medmcqa_2660 | medmcqa | <ctx>
in nitric oxide is likely the cause of the decreased ovulation rates. awards and honors 1987 - 1991 pew scholar in the biomedical sciences 1978 elected membership in the american chemical society 1989 elected membership in american society for biochemistry and molecular biology 1997 university of cincinnati facul... | [
"Lipoprotein lipase",
"Plasminogen activator",
"Thrombin",
"Factor X"
] | D | |
qasc_2896 | qasc | <ctx>
the operator follows the signal, checking the direction of the signal frequently until he or she reaches the tagged animal. triangulation is often used when an animal is on private or inaccessible property because it allows the operator to remotely determine the location of the tagged animal. the operator obtains... | [
"babies",
"food",
"warmth",
"air"
] | B | |
openbookqa_2222 | openbookqa | <ctx>
transition from crusts to branched form depends on environmental conditions. crusts may also become detached and form calcareous nodules known as rhodoliths. their growth may be also disrupted by local environmental factors. while coralline algae are present in most hard substrate marine communities in photic dep... | [
"love",
"dating advice",
"happiness",
"vibrance"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_7130 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds, most often by an animal or by wind. pollinating agents can be animals such as insects, birds, and bats ; water ; wind ; and even plants themselves, when self - pollin... | [
"bear",
"spider",
"Anthophila",
"crocodile"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_9773 | medmcqa | <ctx>
defect ( s ) or multiple congenital anomalies ( cleft lip / palate, heart defects, spina bifida ) intellectual disability of unknown cause, learning disabilities, or autism sensory impairments ( vision, hearing ) metabolic disorders ( pku, galactosemia, inborn errors of metabolism ) known / suspected genetic diso... | [
"Long bones limb defect",
"Cranial malformation",
"Cardiovascular malformation",
"Chondrodysplasia Punctata"
] | D | Warfarin is an anticoagulant drug.
Action : Interferes with the synthesis of the vitamin K dependent factors like II, VII, IX and X.
Side effects:
Hemorrhage
It leads to:
β Contradiβs syndrome : skeletal and facial anomalies in the fetus
β Chondrodysplasia punctata in the fetus.
Miscarriage, IUGR and stillbirths acc... |
medmcqa_6902 | medmcqa | <ctx>
helium is used for filling balloons and lighter - than - air craft because it does not burn, making it safer to use than hydrogen. helium at high pressures is not a narcotic like nitrogen. thus, mixtures of oxygen and helium are important for divers working under high pressures. using a helium - oxygen mixture av... | [
"Slow induction and slow recovery",
"Minimal cardiovascular side effects",
"Low solubility in blood",
"Explosive in nature"
] | B | It has been shown that, compared to other anesthetic regimens, Xenon anesthesia produces the highest regional blood flow in the brain, liver, kidney and intestine. In conclusion, the most impoant positive effectsof Xenon are cardiovascular stability, cerebral protection and ourable pharmacokinetics. Ref ganong's review... |
aquarat_39704 | aquarat | <ctx>
2. 956 Γ 10β2 l example 1. 10 computing quantities from measurement results and known mathematical relations while being driven from philadelphia to atlanta, a distance of about 1250 km, a 2014 lamborghini aventador roadster uses 213 l gasoline. ( a ) what ( average ) fuel economy, in miles per gallon, did the ro... | [
"A)13",
"B)13.5",
"C)14.4",
"D)14.5"
] | C | Ans is C
Given d_ab = 2*d_bc
let d_ab = d and d_bc = x so d=2x
for average miles per gallon = (d+x)/((d/12)+(x/16)) = 14.4 (formula avg speed = total distance/ total time) |
aquarat_7854 | aquarat | <ctx>
is at most b. the set of configurations is c. x is a vector of size c. each element xc of x represents the number of times configuration c is used. example : suppose the item sizes are 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, and b = 12. then there are c = 10 possible configurations : 3333 ; 333 ; 33, 334 ; 3, 34, 344 ; 4, ... | [
"A)6",
"B)18",
"C)20",
"D)120"
] | D | 1st member can be selected in 10 ways
2nd can be selected in 9 ways
3rd can be selected in 8 ways
So total ways : 720
But to avoid the similar scenarios 720/3!=120
ANS:D |
medmcqa_1780 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the point where the laser beam enters the eye. most of the light is absorbed by melanin pigments in the pigment epithelium just behind the photoreceptors, and causes burns in the retina. ultraviolet light with wavelengths shorter than 400 nm tends to be absorbed by lens and 300 nm in the cornea, where it can prod... | [
"Quinine",
"Chloroquine",
"Mefloquine",
"Atovaquone"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Chloroquine * Chloroquine is a 1st line anti malarial drug, which is an erythrocytic schizonticide.* However, its prolonged use of high doses (as in DLE, rheumatoid arthritis) may cause loss of vision due to retinal damage in the form of retinal pigmentation.* Chloroquine may also cause corneal deposi... |
aquarat_34084 | aquarat | <ctx>
plan would provide an interest credit of say 6 % of the prior year's balance in each worker's " hypothetical account " so that the current year's balance would be the sum of the prior year's balance and the current year's pay credit and an interest credit on prior year's balance. for a worker who starts at age 25... | [
"A)Rs. 1600",
"B)Rs. 1650",
"C)Rs. 1750",
"D)Rs. 1800"
] | C | C.I.
= Rs. 4000 x 1 + 10 2 - 4000
100
= Rs. 4000 x 11 x 11 - 4000
10 10
= Rs. 840.
Sum = Rs. 420 x 100 = Rs. 1750.
3 x 8
C |
medmcqa_6854 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the ureters have been resited as a result of surgery, for example due to a kidney transplant or due to past surgery for vesicoureteric reflux, that site may also become narrowed. a narrowed ureter may lead to ureteric enlargement ( ) and cause swelling of the kidneys ( hydronephrosis ). associated symptoms may in... | [
"Aneurysmal bone cyst",
"Static bone cavity",
"Hemorrhagic bone cyst",
"Ameloblastoma"
] | C | |
aquarat_36233 | aquarat | <ctx>
corresponding to the weight 0. 3, which is 4. the weights on each side of the pivot add up to 0. 45 and 0. 25, satisfying the general condition that each side be as even as possible. any other weight would result in a greater difference between each side of the pivot. consider the set of numbers with each number ... | [
"A)2.6",
"B)14.23",
"C)22.14",
"D)8.6"
] | C | set {1, 2, 4,6,8,10,12}
Mean = (1+2+4+6+8+10+12)/7 = 6.14
Meadian = Middle term = 6
Range = Highest - Lowest = 12-1 = 10
Mean+Median+Range = 6.14+6+10 = 22.14
Answer: Option C |
openbookqa_2348 | openbookqa | <ctx>
wildlife refuges and national parks can decrease or stop all together due to the decrease of surface and groundwater, the california water science center is a part of a team trying to restore and maintain water flow in these at risk areas. with reduction of water flow and increased windy or dry weather, wildfire ... | [
"die",
"move in",
"join together",
"dig wells"
] | A | |
medmcqa_9253 | medmcqa | <ctx>
branchial arch or gill arch of fish ), is the first of six pharyngeal arches that develops during the fourth week of development. it is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove. processes this arch divides into a maxillary process and a mandibular process, giving rise to structures including ... | [
"Dorsal part of II pharyngeal pouches",
"Ventral part of II pharyngeal pouches",
"Dorsal part of III pharyngeal pouches",
"Ventral part of I pharyngeal pouches"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_4528 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
lionfish, kentucky silver carp, georgia cannonball jellyfish, and invasive edible plants such as japanese knotweed and autumn olive. joe roman, a harvard and university of vermont conservation biologist who is the recipient of the rachel carson environmental award, is the editor and chief of eat the invaders, a w... | [
"By analyzing causes.",
"By providing figures.",
"By raising questions.",
"By expressing opinions."
] | B | null |
medmcqa_3549 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. β nature β, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"More common in men",
"50% are malignant",
"95% cure rate following treatment",
"Arise from arachnoid layer"
] | C | Meningiomas are predominantly benign tumors that arise from arachnoid meningothelial cells. They usually occur in adults and are often attached to the dura. Meningiomas may be found along any of the external surfaces of the brain as well as within the ventricular system, where they arise from the stromal arachnoid cell... |
medmcqa_4532 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. cirrhosis is often preceded by hepatitis and fatty liver ( steatosis ), independent of the cause. if the cause is removed at this stage, the changes are fully reversible. the pathological hallmark of cirrhosis is the development of scar tissue that replaces normal tissu... | [
"Active hepatitis",
"Chronic active hepatitis",
"Chronic persistent hepatitis",
"Acoholic heaptitis"
] | C | Intact limiting membrane with inflammation confined to portal area is seen in chronic persistent hepatitis. |
arc_easy_2177 | arc_easy | <ctx>
are three main ingredients in a meringue recipe that interact to form the foam structure : egg whites, sugar, and cream of tartar or acid. the backbone of the foam structure is made up of proteins, amino acid chains. egg whites provide the meringue with necessary proteins that form the meringue foam. the proteins... | [
"result in DNA.",
"are carried by DNA.",
"result in amino acids.",
"are carried by amino acids."
] | B | |
arc_easy_442 | arc_easy | <ctx>
illustrations show the molecular structures of fructose, a five - carbon monosaccharide, and of lactose, a disaccharide composed of two isomeric, six - carbon sugars. organisms use carbohydrates for a variety of functions. carbohydrates can store energy, such as the polysaccharides glycogen in animals or starch i... | [
"Both are a source of energy.",
"Both are replicated during meiosis.",
"Both lower the activation energy of reactions.",
"Both dissolve nutrients in the digestive system."
] | A | |
pubmedqa_79 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
de quebec, quebec city, qc iwk health centre, halifax, ns women's health program, eastern health, st. john's, nl saint john regional hospital, saint john, nb hopital sainte - justine, montreal, qc st. boniface general hospital, winnipeg, mb windsor regional hospital, windsor, on dr. everett chalmers regional hosp... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
aquarat_37504 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 50 km, and the distance traveled was 1. 50 km. discussion distance is a scalar. it has magnitude but no sign to indicate direction. example 2. 4 calculating acceleration : a subway train speeding up suppose the train in figure 2. 18 ( a ) accelerates from rest to 30. 0 km / h in the first 20. 0 s of its motion... | [
"A)5:40 PM",
"B)6:00 PM",
"C)7:20 PM",
"D)11:00 PM"
] | D | This question tests your concepts of relative speed:
If two trains are moving in opposite direction, then distance will reduce at a rate of (Speed of 1 + Speed of 2)
If two trains are moving in same direction, then distance will reduce at a rate of (Speed of 1 - Speed of 2)
Here the trains are moving towards each other... |
medmcqa_751 | medmcqa | <ctx>
work with jocelyn laporte has led to the identification of the mutated mtm1 gene in x - linked myotubular myopathy ( laporte et al nat genet 1996 ) and more recently the mutated bin1 gene in autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy ( nicot et al, nature genet, 2007 ). for several years, jean - louis mandel has ... | [
"Autosomal dominant",
"No family history",
"Beaten bronze appearance fundus",
"ERG and EOG both are normal"
] | A | Stagardt's disease is autosomal recessive. |
aquarat_3338 | aquarat | <ctx>
this list contains selected positive numbers in increasing order, including counts of things, dimensionless quantities and probabilities. each number is given a name in the short scale, which is used in english - speaking countries, as well as a name in the long scale, which is used in some of the countries that ... | [
"A)31/41",
"B)1041",
"C)14/41",
"D)16/51"
] | D | If tens digi is 6 ---> ones digit : 0
If tens digi is 5 ---> ones digit : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
If tens digi is 4 ---> ones digit : 0, 1, 2, 3
If tens digi is 3 ---> ones digit : 0, 1, 2
If tens digi is 2 ---> ones digit : 0, 1
If tens digi is 1 ---> ones digit : 0
So the number of numbers whose tens digit is greater than ones... |
openbookqa_1622 | openbookqa | <ctx>
tracking in hunting and ecology is the science and art of observing animal tracks and other signs, with the goal of gaining understanding of the landscape and the animal being tracked ( the " quarry " ). a further goal of tracking is the deeper understanding of the systems and patterns that make up the environmen... | [
"building office buildings",
"pollution",
"transporting seeds",
"hunting bears"
] | C | |
arc_easy_1217 | arc_easy | <ctx>
or plants. as long as this scheme remained dominant, the protozoa were understood to be animals and studied in departments of zoology, while photosynthetic microorganisms and microscopic fungi β the so - called protophyta β were assigned to the plants, and studied in departments of botany. criticism of this syste... | [
"sponge",
"liverwort",
"mushroom",
"paramecium"
] | D | |
aquarat_23225 | aquarat | <ctx>
2019. on 7 september santos pledged to divert 30 petajoules of gas from its queensland - based gladstone lng plant slated for export into australia's east coast market in 2018 and 2019. on 26 october 2017, aplng agreed to increase gas to origin energy by 41 petajoules over 14 months, increasing aplng's total comm... | [
"A)A)8%",
"B)B)7%",
"C)C)10%",
"D)D)6%"
] | A | Explanation:
Assume that the initial price of 1 Litre petrol = Rs.100 ,Bill spends Rs.100 for petrol,
such that Bill buys 1 litre of petrol
After the increase by 25%, price of 1 Litre petrol = 100 Γ (100+25)/100 = Rs.125
Since Bill spends additional 15% on petrol,
amount spent by Bill = 100Γ (100+15)/100 = Rs.115
Hence... |
aquarat_38313 | aquarat | <ctx>
, i. e. the larger, the smaller the area of the integral, and the circumference is a linear function of ( ). so we seek an expression for the area under the involute. first, the area a1 is a half circle of radius so next, find the angle which will be used in the limits of the integrals below. let. is complementar... | [
"A)11",
"B)88",
"C)93",
"D)266"
] | C | 22/7 r2 = 684 => r = 14.8
2 * 22/7 * 14.8 = 93 Answer: C |
medmcqa_5095 | medmcqa | <ctx>
ncats advisory council. he serves as a commissioner for the global commission to end the diagnostic odyssey for children with a rare disease. he is on the steering committee of the black women's health imperative rare disease diversity coalition and co - chairs the research committee. summar serves on the board o... | [
"X Ray",
"CT scan",
"MRI",
"Ultrasound"
] | D | Ans. (d) UltrasoundRef: SRB Manual of Surgery 4th ed. 1877* Ultrasound abdomen is the investigation of choice for diagnosing hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.* It is reliable, highly sensitive, highly specific, and easily performed.* The mandatory measurements include pyloric muscle thickness and pyloric channel length.* ... |
qasc_5547 | qasc | <ctx>
p. 7 " how is genetic variation maintained in populations " in sadava, d. et al. life : the science of biology, p. 456 nevo, e. ; beiles, a. " genetic variation in nature ". scholarpedia, 6 ( 7 ) : 8821. doi : 10. 4249 / scholarpedia. 8821 hedrick p. ( 2011 ) : genetics of populations. jones & bartlett learning,.... | [
"rare",
"four",
"Summer",
"years"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2169 | medmcqa | <ctx>
collagen fibrils, buckling of the collagen fascicles in the tendon extracellular matrix, and buckling of the tenocyte cells and their nuclei. diagnosis symptoms can vary from aches or pains and local joint stiffness, to a burning that surrounds the whole joint around the inflamed tendon. in some cases, swelling o... | [
"Deltoid Ligament",
"Anterior talofibular ligament",
"Spring ligament",
"Tendo Achilles"
] | A | Answer- A. Deltoid LigamentDeltoid ligament injuries involve the deltoid ligament that forms the medial pa of the anHe joint.It attaches the medial malleolus to multiple tarsal bones.It occurs due to eversion and/orpronation injury, or can be associated with lateral ankle fractures. |
qasc_1537 | qasc | <ctx>
in hydrology, there are two similar but distinct definitions in use for the word drawdown : in subsurface hydrogeology, drawdown is the reduction in hydraulic head observed at a well in an aquifer, typically due to pumping a well as part of an aquifer test or well test. in surface water hydrology and civil engine... | [
"precipitation",
"visibility",
"fog",
"sound"
] | A | |
arc_easy_2130 | arc_easy | <ctx>
1. 1 β’ physics : an introduction 11 figure 1. 10 what is a model? this planetary model of the atom shows electrons orbiting the nucleus. it is a drawing that we use to form a mental image of the atom that we cannot see directly with our eyes because it is too small. the models, theories, and laws we devise someti... | [
"a Punnett square",
"the Periodic Table",
"a pedigree chart",
"the rock cycle"
] | C | |
medmcqa_5874 | medmcqa | <ctx>
hemangioma is large it can cause abdominal pain, a sense of fullness in right upper abdominal area, heart problems, and coagulation dysfunction. cavernous hemangiomas are diagnosed with medical imaging ( do not usually need biopsy to confirm diagnosis ). given their benign course and often asymptomatic nature, ca... | [
"Esophageal varices",
"Erosive gastritis",
"Peptic ulcer disease",
"Trauma"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Peptic ulcer disease o Upper G1 bleed refers to GI bleed refers to GI bleed occuringproximal to the ligament ofTreitz (.Ligament ofTreitz is a fibromuscular band extending from the right crus of diaphragm to the duodeno-jejunal flexure)Causes of upper GI bleed (in descending order)o Peptic ulcery Duod... |
arc_easy_35 | arc_easy | <ctx>
plant - pollinator interactions leading to major conservation implications within this group. destruction of populations habitat fragmentation has a major impact on animal specie populations because it deprives species of what they are naturally accustomed to. this makes the species isolated, reduces the area whe... | [
"birds with long, probing beaks",
"birds with thick, strong beaks",
"birds with thin, short beaks",
"birds with large, pouch beaks"
] | B | |
medmcqa_6485 | medmcqa | <ctx>
as seen on g banding, which is the appearance of the chromosomes after treatment with trypsin ( to partially digest the chromosomes ) and staining with giemsa stain. compared to darker regions, the lighter regions are generally more transcriptionally active, with a greater ratio of coding dna versus non - coding ... | [
"Trisomy 21",
"Trisomy 18",
"Trisomy 16",
"Trisomy 13"
] | C | Most common Trisomy overall is Trisomy 16. Most common Trisomy in live birth is Trisomy 21. |
medmcqa_7895 | medmcqa | <ctx>
density lipoproteins ( hdl ) are considered'good'lipoproteins as they search for excess cholesterol in the body and transport it back to the liver for disposal. trans fats also " increase ldl levels whilst decreasing hdl levels within the body, significantly raising blood cholesterol levels ". high levels of chol... | [
"LDH 1>2",
"LDH 2> 1",
"LDH 3>4",
"LDH 5> 4"
] | A | In normal person, LDH-2 is more than LDH-1 in serum. BUT in myocardial infarction, LDH-1>>LDH-2. This is known as Flipped ratio of LDH in Myocardial Infarction. ADDITIONAL EDGE ON ISOENZYMES OF LDH: LDH-2 is raised in haemolytic anemia. (LDH-2 is mainly found in blood (Both WBC and RBC; WBC conc. > RBC conc.) |
mmlu_aux_4671 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
of other objects in the sky, though varying thicknesses of cloud cover have differing effects. a very thin cirrus cloud in front of the moon might produce a rainbow - colored ring around the moon. stars and planets are too small or dim to take on this effect and are instead only dimmed ( often to the point of inv... | [
"your eyes are close to it",
"it reflects some of the light",
"it has light of its own",
"it is big enough to be seen"
] | B | null |
aquarat_29247 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 β p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)Rs. 12655/-",
"B)Rs. 13,000/-",
"C)Rs. 9000/-",
"D)Rs. 10800/-"
] | B | Explanation:
Suppose A, B, C invest Rs. X, Rs. 2x and Rs. 3x respectively
A : B : C = (x * 12) : (2x * 6) : (3x * 4)
= 12x : 12x : 12x = 1: 1: 1
Cβ Share = Rs. (39000 * 1/3) =Rs. 13000/-
Answer: Option B |
qasc_2720 | qasc | <ctx>
output from wind farms, which poses difficulties incorporating wind power into an integrated power system. wind turbines are driven by boundary layer winds, those that occur near the surface of the earth, at around 300 feet. boundary layer winds are controlled by wind in the higher free atmosphere and have turbul... | [
"the respiratory system",
"agriculture",
"most organisms",
"members of their own species"
] | A | |
medmcqa_4415 | medmcqa | <ctx>
space and time are understood as independent dimensions that are absolute and can be measured and analyzed separately from each other. in modern physics, space and time are seen as interdependent dimensions that form a unified continuum whose curvature is affected by the presence of mass and energy. by structural... | [
"Centric relation is a bone to bone relationship. Centric occlusion is the relationship of upper and lower teeth to each other.",
"Centric relation is for denture occlusion, whereas centric occlusion is present in natural dentition.",
"For denture patients CR=CO. For natural dentition CRβ CO.",
"In natural den... | D | Centric relation is present behind centric occlusion in natural dentition. |
qasc_1901 | qasc | <ctx>
part, to ozone. figure 18. 42 the image shows the bent ozone ( o3 ) molecule and the resonance structures necessary to describe its bonding. ozone forms naturally in the upper atmosphere by the action of ultraviolet light from the sun on the oxygen there. most atmospheric ozone occurs in the stratosphere, a layer... | [
"oxygen",
"gas",
"dangerous",
"Energy"
] | A | |
medmcqa_3036 | medmcqa | <ctx>
branchial arch or gill arch of fish ), is the first of six pharyngeal arches that develops during the fourth week of development. it is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove. processes this arch divides into a maxillary process and a mandibular process, giving rise to structures including ... | [
"Beclard's",
"Bochdaleks",
"Blandin's",
"Berger's"
] | D | Beclard's hernia β is the femoral hernia through the opening of the saphenous vein (named after Pierre Augustin Beclard). |
aquarat_14007 | aquarat | <ctx>
well. angles are right angles, so the four points lie on a circle, and ( by the intersecting secants theorem ) that is, proof 2 : let this implies that according to the vector triple product formula, then when the line passes the origin with direction. if the line has direction ; the plane that includes the origi... | [
"A)-5",
"B)-8",
"C)2",
"D)-4"
] | D | the slope= k/2
the line perpendicular to x=2y+5 or y=1/2x-5/2 has
a slope= -1/ (1/2) =-2 --->k/2=-2 --> k=-4
Answer is D |
aquarat_45122 | aquarat | <ctx>
been improving, most notably among the young and the poor. demographic statistics according to the world population review. one birth every 1 minute one death every 1. 4 minutes one net migrant every 111 minutes net gain of one person every 3 minutes demographic statistics according to the cia world factbook, unl... | [
"A)80",
"B)100",
"C)160",
"D)240"
] | C | Since the population increases at the rate of 1 person every 15 seconds, it increases by 4 people every 60 seconds, that is, by 4 people every minute. Thus, in 40 minutes the population increases by 40 x 4 = 160 people.
Answer. C. |
aquarat_3785 | aquarat | <ctx>
2. 4 floating - point errors 1. b. an overflow error occurs because the value is larger than the upper limit of the floating - point range. 2. a. the digits starting from the eighteenth place after the decimal are inaccurate due to approximation, so a round - off error occurs. 3. c. round ( 6. 6 ) = 7 as 7 is the... | [
"A)97.959%",
"B)98.959%",
"C)99.959%",
"D)96.959%"
] | A | let the number be x
the right number is 7x
the wrong number is x/7
error is(7x-x/7)=48x/7
percentage of error is((48x/7)/7x)*100=97.959%
ANSWER:A |
medmcqa_1037 | medmcqa | <ctx>
hemangioma is large it can cause abdominal pain, a sense of fullness in right upper abdominal area, heart problems, and coagulation dysfunction. cavernous hemangiomas are diagnosed with medical imaging ( do not usually need biopsy to confirm diagnosis ). given their benign course and often asymptomatic nature, ca... | [
"Lymphangiosarcoma",
"Recurrence",
"Hemangioma",
"Cellulitis"
] | A | Answer- A. LymphangiosarcomaAngiosarcoma is a vascular tumor which may arise de novo in the breast or as a complication of the radiation therapy. |
mmlu_aux_3147 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
and usb connector. power bank a power or battery bank is a portable device that stores energy in its built - in battery. power banks are made in various sizes and typically based on lithium ion batteries. a power bank contains battery cells and a voltage converter circuitry. the internal dc - dc converter manages... | [
"Designer Patrick Hyland",
"Nokia Concept Phone on Sale",
"Charging Your Phone from Pockets",
"Benefiting from Phone Technology"
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_3376 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
by ultraviolet light to release chlorine atoms. the chlorine atoms act as a catalyst, and each can break down tens of thousands of ozone molecules before being removed from the stratosphere. given the longevity of cfc molecules, recovery times are measured in decades. it is calculated that a cfc molecule takes an... | [
"Some are surely produced by the development of agriculture.",
"The CFCs will have a long impact once they are released.",
"They gather together in the atmosphere at a medium speed.",
"Their amounts are not large enough to cause damage to us."
] | B | null |
medmcqa_2379 | medmcqa | <ctx>
intestinal infections ( dysentery and diarrhoea ) multicellular organisms and intestinal worms ( helminths ) such as schistosoma spp., wuchereria bancrofti, necator americanus ( hookworm ) and taenia spp. ( tapeworm ) ectoparasites such as ticks, scabies and lice medical parasitology can involve drug development,... | [
"Jejunum",
"ileum",
"Colon",
"Duodenum"
] | A | The adult worms live in the small intestine of infected persons mostly in the jejunum,less often in the duodenum, and infrequently in the ileum Ref : panikers textbook of Medical parasitology 8th edition page 187 |
arc_challenge_107 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
also " isotopic marker " or " isotopic label " ), is used in chemistry and biochemistry to help understand chemical reactions and interactions. in this technique, one or more of the atoms of the molecule of interest is substituted for an atom of the same chemical element, but of a different isotope ( like a radio... | [
"Uranium - Lead",
"Rubidium - Strontium",
"Potassium - Argon",
"Uranium - Strontium"
] | A | |
medmcqa_4643 | medmcqa | <ctx>
directly creating maps, but used in a systematic manner they can be a useful tool in archaeological research. sometimes external data loggers are attached to such detectors which collect information about detected materials and corresponding gps coordinates for further processing. misuse of these instruments on a... | [
"Salter's spring balance",
"Electronic weighing scale",
"Mass produced balance scale",
"Roberval balance"
] | A | - Field instrument to measure bih weight is Salter's Spring balance (kind of sling balance on which child is hung) - Average bih weight = 2.8kg - According to WHO, Low bih weight = < 2.5kg Very Low bih weight = < 1.5 Kg Extremely Low bih weight = < 1 Kg - Bih weight Doubles by 5 months Triples by 12 months Quadruples b... |
medmcqa_5231 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. there is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. treatment involves the same measures as prevention... | [
"Fusion beat",
"Narrow QRS complex",
"AV Dissociation",
"Wide QRS complex"
] | D | PVCs are characterized by premature and bizarrely shaped QRS complexes that are unusually long (typically >120 msec) and appear wide on the electrocardiogram (ECG). These complexes are not preceded by a P wave, and the T wave is usually large and oriented in a direction opposite the major deflection of the QRS. pvc is ... |
openbookqa_157 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##s also cannot be banded on their legs because they urinate onto their legs, causing corrosion of the bands into a powdery oxide that sticks to the vulture's leg and injures the bird. dippers are also dangerously handicapped by ringing because the rings induce drag that makes it extremely difficult for them to c... | [
"climbing, cracking nuts and peeling fruit skins.",
"courtship and looking for food",
"killing prey, preening and feeding young",
"staying weatherproof, flexible and free of bacteria"
] | D | |
aquarat_45051 | aquarat | <ctx>
railway electrification is the use of electric power for the propulsion of rail transport. electric railways use either electric locomotives ( hauling passengers or freight in separate cars ), electric multiple units ( passenger cars with their own motors ) or both. electricity is typically generated in large and... | [
"A)12 sec",
"B)15 sec",
"C)16 sec",
"D)20 sec"
] | C | Sol.
Speed = (63 x 5/18) m/sec.
= 35 /2 m / sec.
Time taken = (280 x 2/35) sec = 16 sec
Answer C |
openbookqa_1632 | openbookqa | <ctx>
spirit. such wet specimens have special value in physiological and anatomical study, apart from providing better quality of dna for molecular studies. freeze drying of specimens is another technique that has the advantage of preserving stomach contents and anatomy, although it tends to shrink, making it less reli... | [
"skinny beats are best for sucking blood, fat beaks eat only eggs",
"skinny beaks work in only large spaces, fat beaks can only fit in narrow spaces",
"skinny beaks work to reach small spaces, fat beaks crack nuts",
"skinny beaks work to filet fish, fat beaks are useless"
] | C | |
qasc_2714 | qasc | <ctx>
cancer and asbestosis. cadmium : is found in batteries and plastics. it can be inhaled through cigarette smoke or digested when included as a pigment in food. exposure leads to lung damage, irritation of the digestive tract, and kidney disease. chromium : is used as brick lining for high - temperature industrial ... | [
"unpolluted air",
"healthy atmosphere",
"mold spore",
"smoking"
] | C | |
medmcqa_482 | medmcqa | <ctx>
muscle specific variants of vinculin in human aorta smooth muscle cells july 1987 immunoreactive forms of caldesmon in cultivated human vascular smooth muscle cells feb 1987 identification of smooth muscle - derived foam cells in the atherosclerotic plaque of human aorta with monoclonal antibody iig10 nov 1986 me... | [
"Anti-centromere",
"Anti-DNA topoisomerase l",
"Anti-double-stranded DNA",
"Anti-Golgi"
] | A | All forms of scleroderma are thought to have a strong autoimmune component, and glucocoicoids and azathioprine are used to suppress the inflammatory complications of scleroderma. (Other drugs that can be used in therapy include penicillamine, which inhibits collagen cross-linking, NSAIDS for pain, and ACE inhibitors to... |
medmcqa_7510 | medmcqa | <ctx>
disease. archaeological significance dental calculus has been shown to contain well preserved microparticles, dna and protein in archaeological samples. the information these molecules contain can reveal information about the oral microbiome of the host and the presence of pathogens. it is also possible to identi... | [
"Lower true occlusal",
"Lower topographic occlusal",
"Lower oblique occlusal Vertex occlusal",
"Vertex occlusal"
] | A | |
qasc_6011 | qasc | <ctx>
, which would otherwise go shooting off into space. if the sun's pull is considered an action, then earth simultaneously exerts a reaction as a gravitational pull on the sun. earth's pull has the same amplitude as the sun but in the opposite direction. since the sun's mass is so much larger than earth's, the sun ... | [
"holds objects to its surface",
"deadly and devastating",
"a tree falling",
"principals of aerodynamics"
] | A | |
openbookqa_1779 | openbookqa | <ctx>
off occurrence of ltp by pre - and postsynaptic mechanisms and the other proposes only presynaptic changes, graded ability, and age - dependence. these theories do agree on one element of ltp, namely, that it must occur through physical changes to the synaptic membrane / s, i. e. synaptic plasticity. perceptual c... | [
"may be very uncomfortable at first",
"take very little time",
"are without learning from others and past experiences",
"are without goals and commitment"
] | A | |
openbookqa_1991 | openbookqa | <ctx>
when cold, the shrunken balloon has a small amount of light blue liquid in it, as well as some snow - like crystals. as it warms up, the liquid boils, and part of the crystals sublimate, with some crystals lingering for awhile and then producing a liquid. identify the blue liquid and the two solids in the cold ba... | [
"a gift from the heavens",
"a cloud is crying",
"it is an anomaly",
"it is ice precipitation"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_4824 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
few in number, and the embryos have enough food to go through full fetal development in most groups. macrolecithal eggs are only found in selected representatives of two groups : cephalopods and vertebrates. macrolecithal eggs go through a different type of development than other eggs. due to the large size of th... | [
"make eggs more beautiful",
"make eggs more tasty",
"let the young animals dry",
"protect the young animals"
] | D | null |
qasc_4035 | qasc | <ctx>
change ) creates the final pattern signaled by large scale change in species caused by significant enough changes in the environment on a global scale. when the increasing environmental stress reaches a certain threshold, it causes widespread extinction and speciation, alongside migration. this pattern includes w... | [
"speciation",
"forces",
"relocation",
"animals"
] | A | |
qasc_1186 | qasc | <ctx>
nuzzling and biting the necks of females, and on occasion, changing color. once a female chooses a male, he straddles the female and holds her in place by biting onto her shoulder, which sometimes leaves scars on females. after copulation, eggs are laid within several nests and allowed to incubate. this low level... | [
"taste",
"arrange their nest",
"noise",
"measure prey length"
] | A | |
medmcqa_3943 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the most widely reported neurological disorders. approximately 12, 000 infants each year are diagnosed with germinal matrix haemorrhage or intraventricular haemorrhage in the united states. research in 2002, a dutch retrospective study analysed cases where neonatologists had intervened and drained csf by lumbar o... | [
"EBG",
"Assess development milestones",
"Bilateral evoked auditory response",
"Refer for physiotherapy"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bilateral evoked auditory response o Nontypable H. influenzae is one of the three most common causes of childhood otitis media.o The other two beingStreptococcus pneumoniae andMoraxella catarrhaliso The diagnosis is made by pneumatic otoscopyAn etiologic diagnosis, although not routinely sought, can b... |
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