id
string
dataset
string
question
string
options
list
answer
string
explanation
string
openbookqa_1912
openbookqa
<ctx> be good also when administered by trained dentists. other measures that may be useful include distraction, guided imagery, relaxation techniques, and music therapy. behavior techniques are believed to be sufficient for the majority of people with mild anxiety. the quality of the evidence to support this, however,...
[ "an air conditioner", "a boat", "a mountain", "an oven" ]
D
qasc_3403
qasc
<ctx> bacteria ( ; : bacterium ) are ubiquitous, mostly free - living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. they constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on earth, and are present in most of its habita...
[ "heterotrophs", "vomiting", "chickenpox", "healing" ]
B
medmcqa_9371
medmcqa
<ctx> use the air quality index ( aqi ) to check the level of pollution in the outside air before engaging in sporting activities. some common disease screenings include checking for hypertension ( high blood pressure ), hyperglycemia ( high blood sugar, a risk factor for diabetes mellitus ), hypercholesterolemia ( hig...
[ "Primordial", "Primary", "Secondary", "Tertiary" ]
B
Primary Level - Health Promotion and Specific Protection. Secondary Level - Early Diagnosis and Treatment. Tertiary Level - Disability Limitation and Rehabilitation.
pubmedqa_789
pubmedqa
<ctx> ##384. bratman, s. v., yang, s. y. c., iafolla, m. a. j. et al. personalized circulating tumor dna analysis as a predictive biomarker in solid tumor patients treated with pembrolizumab. nat cancer 1, 873 – 881 ( 2020 ). https : / / doi. org / 10. 1038 / s43018 - 020 - 0096 - 5 jelsema r, demko zp, billing, pr. re...
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
B
aquarat_45778
aquarat
<ctx> are indeed independent. consider the probability of typing the word banana on a typewriter with 50 keys. suppose that the keys are pressed randomly and independently, meaning that each key has an equal chance of being pressed regardless of what keys had been pressed previously. the chance that the first letter ty...
[ "A)408", "B)475", "C)550", "D)625" ]
A
Let Machine A produce A widgets per hour. B produce B widgets per hour and C produce C widgets per hour. 7A+11B=261 ---(1) 8A+22C=600 ---(2) Dividing (2) by 2 4A+11C=300.....(3) Adding (1)(3) 11A+11B+11C = 561 A+B+C=51 per hour So for eight hrs = 51*8 = 408 = Answer = A
medmcqa_6238
medmcqa
<ctx> branchial arch or gill arch of fish ), is the first of six pharyngeal arches that develops during the fourth week of development. it is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove. processes this arch divides into a maxillary process and a mandibular process, giving rise to structures including ...
[ "Meckel's cartilage", "Reinche's cartilage", "Third pharyngeal arch", "Second pharyngeal arch" ]
A
i.e. (Meckel's Cartilage): (316-109 IBS- Embryology 8th)* Malleus and Incus are derived from the dorsal end of the Meckel's cartilage (First arch)*** Stapes is formed from the dorsal end of the cartilage of second pharyngeal archNerves of pharyngeal arches and muscles supplied by themArchNerve of ArchMuscles of ArchCar...
openbookqa_1373
openbookqa
<ctx> the pacific coast of north america, of which about is located within the united states and is located within mexico. the rough midpoint of the bight is located about southeast of san clemente in san onofre state beach. coastal topology the coastal topology of the southern california bight is varied, featuring all...
[ "the bottom of a pond", "where water continuously moves sand and small rocks downstream", "a school play area", "a car manufacturing plant" ]
B
openbookqa_855
openbookqa
<ctx> noncentral hypergeometric distribution had previously been given the name extended hypergeometric distribution, but this name is rarely used in the scientific literature, except in handbooks that need to distinguish between the two distributions. wallenius'noncentral hypergeometric distribution wallenius'distribu...
[ "moon", "Earth", "pebble", "cat" ]
B
medmcqa_5928
medmcqa
<ctx> tensor fasciae latae, the knee may be brought medially across the body ( adducted ). if one leans against a wall with crossed legs ( externally / laterally rotated hips ) and pushes the pelvis away from the wall ( leaning the upper body towards it ) sidebending the lumbar spine ( i. e. : curving the spine to the ...
[ "Teres minor", "Teres major", "Surgical neck of humerus", "Long head of biceps brachii" ]
D
Structures forming the boundaries of the quadrangular space from the posterior side are:Superiorly by teres minorInferiorly by teres majorLaterally by surgical neck of humerusMedially by long head of triceps brachiiContents of the quadrangular space are:Axillary nervePosterior circumflex humeral vesselsSagging pa of sh...
qasc_5668
qasc
<ctx> j. b. & westoby, m. ( 2005 ) a brief history of seed size. science, 307, 576 – 580. https : / / doi. org / 10. 1126 / science. 1104863 mcgill, b. j., enquist, b. j., weiher, e. & westoby, m. ( 2006 ) rebuilding community ecology from functional traits. trends in ecology & evolution, 21, 178 – 185. https : / / doi...
[ "plants", "Species", "animals", "coral" ]
A
arc_challenge_411
arc_challenge
<ctx> range to exploit and displaying active invasiveness. whether they leave readily and venture far, the ultimate criterion for success is longevity. persistence depends on their ability to establish themselves and reproduce reliably in the new environment. neither the duration nor the intensity with which a species ...
[ "produce more wool", "have a more restricted diet", "produce fewer offspring each year", "have a better chance of surviving and reproducing" ]
D
medmcqa_7843
medmcqa
<ctx> s cad risk roughly doubled ( relative risk of 1. 93, ci : 1. 43 to 2. 61 ) for each 2 % increase in trans fat calories consumed ( instead of carbohydrate calories ). by contrast, for each 5 % increase in saturated fat calories ( instead of carbohydrate calories ) there was a 17 % increase in risk ( relative risk ...
[ "Tendon xanthoma", "Planar xanthoma", "Lipemia retinalis", "Tuberoeruptive xanthoma" ]
A
A i.e. Tendon Xanthoma
mmlu_aux_2137
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> area. history of science october 21 – henry ford's edison institute is inaugurated at dearborn, michigan on the 50th anniversary of the invention of the incandescent light bulb, in the presence of president of the united states herbert hoover, thomas edison, walter chrysler, marie curie, george eastman and orvill...
[ "His wonderful will surely provided other scientists with a large sum of money.", "In leaving behind a wellmeant will, Nobel succeeded in setting up a permanent monument for his interests and ideals.", "Nobel made a glorious will so that he might be remembered and respected after his death.", "Nobel expressed...
B
null
aquarat_37823
aquarat
<ctx> 1. 50 km, and the distance traveled was 1. 50 km. discussion distance is a scalar. it has magnitude but no sign to indicate direction. example 2. 4 calculating acceleration : a subway train speeding up suppose the train in figure 2. 18 ( a ) accelerates from rest to 30. 0 km / h in the first 20. 0 s of its motion...
[ "A)11", "B)10", "C)9", "D)12" ]
C
Suppose they meet x hours after 6 a.m. Distance covered by A in x hours = 20x km. Distance covered by B in (x - 1) hours = 25(x - 1) km. Therefore 20x + 25(x - 1) = 110 45x = 135 x = 3. So, they meet at 9 a.m. Answer: C
mmlu_aux_4965
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> %. the probability goes down as orbits are refined with additional measurements. over 300 short - period comets pass near larger planets, such as saturn and jupiter, which can change the comets'trajectories and could potentially put them into an earth - crossing orbit. this could happen for long - period comets a...
[ "comets are different from planets", "comets travel in the sky", "comets are much bigger than the earth", "comets could hit the earth" ]
D
null
mmlu_aux_7266
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> the rib cage when people inhale, and the inside denotes that when people exhale. so the difference between the radius of that two cylinders represents the moving distance during breathing. the change of the signal phases can be expressed in the following equation : is the change of the signal phases ; is the wave...
[ "uses unusable byproduct", "lives in trash", "scraps unusable byproduct", "moves around frequently" ]
C
null
aquarat_44719
aquarat
<ctx> rsa was not issued to those under 25. the ppe, a tax credit supplementing low - wage incomes, however, reached between 95 % and 97 % of potential beneficiaries, but allocated relatively low amounts ( a monthly average of 33€ in 2014 ) with a one - year discrepancy in relation to employment. the prime d'activite c...
[ "A)5500", "B)2999", "C)2878", "D)2990" ]
A
Income = Rs. 100 Expenditure = Rs. 80 Savings = Rs. 20 Present Expenditure 80*(20/100) = Rs. 96 Present Savings = 100 Γ’β‚¬β€œ 96 =Rs. 4 100 ------ 4 ? --------- 220 => 5500 Answer: A
aquarat_46027
aquarat
<ctx> total number of objects observed, can be found from calculation the first step in the calculation is to estimate the probability that a future observed individual ( or the next observed individual ) is a member of a thus far unseen species. this estimate is : the next step is to estimate the probability that the ...
[ "A)9", "B)8", "C)7", "D)6" ]
A
1 to 9 = 9 * 9 = 81 1 to 5 = 5 * 10 = 50 5 to 9 = 5 * 8 = 40 5th = 50 + 40 = 90 – 81 = 9 Answer: A
medmcqa_5582
medmcqa
<ctx> ##ugliani, r., munoz rojas, v., martins, a., valadares, e., clarke, j., goes, j., kakkis, e., worden, m., sidman, m., cox, g. : a dose - optimization trial of laronidase ( aldurazyme ) in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis i. molecular genetics and metabolism, 96 ( 1 ) ; 13 - 19, 2009. clarke, l. a., wraith, j. ...
[ "Amoxicillin", "Vancomycin", "Metronidazole", "Clotrimazole" ]
C
Ans. C. MetronidazoleTriple drug regimen given for H. Pylori include- clarithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole. Out of all these drugs metronidazole is drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis.
mmlu_aux_2732
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> milky way " of which " at least 500 million " are in the habitable zone. in analyzing which environments are likely to support life, a distinction is usually made between simple, unicellular organisms such as bacteria and archaea and complex metazoans ( animals ). unicellularity necessarily precedes multicellular...
[ "far enough from the center of our solar system not to be affected by dust", "infinitely more powerful than even the very successful Hubble", "orbiting in a different solar system along way away from our own", "on the planet Jupiter, on the edge of our solar system" ]
A
null
aquarat_16261
aquarat
<ctx> reciprocal length or inverse length is a quantity or measurement used in several branches of science and mathematics, defined as the reciprocal of length. common units used for this measurement include the reciprocal metre or inverse metre ( symbol : mβˆ’1 ), the reciprocal centimetre or inverse centimetre ( symbol...
[ "A)25cm", "B)101cm", "C)56cm", "D)42cm" ]
A
Required length = H.C.F of 500cm, 725cm, 125cm = 25cm Answer is A
mmlu_aux_2352
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> , it would be the first time that two women were in space together. the mission lifted off from the ksc in challenger on october 5, 1984. the rookie astronauts on the flight were cautious about moving about too soon, lest they suffer from space adaptation syndrome, but ride was now a veteran astronaut, one who kn...
[ "everything went as smoothly as expected", "the students had pinpointed exactly the reason", "something important had been learned", "the students had succeeded in the experiment" ]
C
null
aquarat_47561
aquarat
<ctx> is, entering this into the expression above, we get 21. 34 21. 35 21. 36 21. 37 21. 38 21. 39 21. 40 8. 79 8. 80 8. 81 8. 82 out : solving for, we find that 5. 10 2. 14597 = 40. 99862 | align = " right " | 40 | | 0. 89123 | | align = " right " | 41 | | 0. 90315 | - - - - - | 0. 95 | | 2. 44775 = 46. 76414 | al...
[ "A)680", "B)620", "C)652", "D)520" ]
A
(20/100) * X – (40/100) * 140= 80 1/5 X = 136 X = 680 Answer:A
pubmedqa_325
pubmedqa
<ctx> the university of western ontario in london, canada has teamed up with other researchers at the robarts research institute to implement aras towards the goal of improving repairs to the heart's mitral valve and replacement of the aortic valve. in an interview for the medical augmented reality blog, peters stated ...
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
A
aquarat_30958
aquarat
<ctx> word ( counting the left most digit as place 0 ). repeat the previous steps, substituting the remainder for n, until a remainder of 0 is reached. place an additional 1 after the rightmost digit in the code word. to decode a code word, remove the final " 1 ", assign the remaining the values 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13... ( ...
[ "A)356,580", "B)358,680", "C)360,780", "D)362,880" ]
D
9! = 362,880 The answer is D.
medmcqa_2258
medmcqa
<ctx> nutritional immunology is a field of immunology that focuses on studying the influence of nutrition on the immune system and its protective functions. part of nutritional immunology involves studying the possible effects of diet on the prevention and management on developing autoimmune diseases, chronic diseases,...
[ "Autoimmune hemolytic anemia", "Anaphylaxis", "Extrinsic asthma", "Hay fever" ]
A
Ans. (a) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia HSN involving blood components are usually Type II HSN.
medmcqa_1102
medmcqa
<ctx> at low consolidation pressures, both the viscous and elastic characteristics of the prepreg must be tuned to the specific processing parameters encountered during cure, and ultimately ensure that a majority of the applied pressure is transferred to the resin. altogether, the rheological evolution of vbo resins mu...
[ "Increased vocal resonance", "Dull Percussion note", "Bronchial Breath sounds", "Tracheal shift to side of consolidation" ]
D
Answer is D (Tracheal shift to side of consolidation): Trachea stays in midline in consolidation (no mediastinal shift). Consolidation is usually caused by pneumonia. In this situation alveoli are full of inflammatory exudates but the size of the lung is unaffected so the trachea remains in its normal midline position.
qasc_5001
qasc
<ctx> sporangia on the underside of the leaf. species of the albuginaceae deform the branches and flower parts of many host species. host species include most if not all plants in the family brassicaceae, common agricultural weeds, and those specified below. disease cycle white rust is an obligate parasite. this means ...
[ "The area was once underwater", "peachleaf willow", "It helps them survive", "Asexual reproduction" ]
D
aquarat_22752
aquarat
<ctx> poker dice are dice which, instead of having number pips, have representations of playing cards upon them. poker dice have six sides, one each of an ace, king, queen, jack, 10, and 9, and are used to form a poker hand. each variety of poker dice varies slightly in regard to suits, though the ace of spades is almo...
[ "A)1/52", "B)1/26", "C)1/13", "D)1/4" ]
C
There are 13 spades, the probability that the spade we already have is an ace is therefore 1/13. Answer: C.
mmlu_aux_2425
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> ##trator plant in sardinia. the company claim a round trip efficiency of 75 % and a projected cost of eur220 / kwh of storage capacity, which is half that of li - ion batteries. batteries battery storage was used in the early days of direct current electric power. where ac grid power was not readily available, is...
[ "The plugin hybrids will use electricity completely as driving power.", "The new technology will contribute to the protection of our environment.", "The technology of using electricity as driving is quite mature now.", "The biggest challenge of the new technology is that it will cost us more money." ]
B
null
qasc_3797
qasc
<ctx> the most essential elements like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus - - elements needed for plant growth. they also can gather soil particles from differing depths of soil and deposit them in other places, leading to the mixing of soil so it is richer with nutrients and other elements. vertebrates the soil is also ...
[ "health", "survive", "moves", "energy" ]
B
qasc_880
qasc
<ctx> 11. 5 β€’ colloids 583 however, colloidal particles are small enough that they do not settle out upon standing. figure 11. 29 ( a ) a solution is a homogeneous mixture that appears clear, such as the saltwater in this aquarium. ( b ) in a colloid, such as milk, the particles are much larger but remain dispersed and...
[ "riding a bike", "driving a car", "influenza", "monotremes" ]
A
medmcqa_3401
medmcqa
<ctx> granulation tissue is new connective tissue and microscopic blood vessels that form on the surfaces of a wound during the healing process. granulation tissue typically grows from the base of a wound and is able to fill wounds of almost any size. examples of granulation tissue can be seen in pyogenic granulomas an...
[ "Gastric ulcer", "Ca stomach", "Duodenal ulcer", "None of the above" ]
B
Linitis plastica is a subtype of gastric cancer that is characterized by diffuse infiltrating adenocarcinoma without obvious caers and ulcers. It is thought to originate from parietal cell poion of gastric mucosa. Because of its diffuse nature ,this form of gastric cancer ususally involves the whole stomach. Ref : Clin...
aquarat_11044
aquarat
<ctx> numbers. for example, let pn be the n - th prime, and for any integer r > 1, define the real number Ξ± by the sum then a similar result is that there is a number ΞΈ = 1. 3064... ( mills'constant ) with the property that are all prime. there is also a number Ο‰ = 1. 9287800... with the property that are all prime. le...
[ "A)2", "B)3", "C)5", "D)10" ]
A
We want to know the smallest x that will make 500x a CUBE of some number. Let's call that number y. Let's first figure out what we're working with. The prime factorization of 500 can be visualized: ...........500 ......../.......\ ......50.......10 ...../..\....../...\ ...25...2...2.....5 .../..\ ..5....5 So, we have 5...
aquarat_29945
aquarat
<ctx> yields c, 5 yields d and 6, 7 or 8 yield e. thus we have a monkey at a typewriter hitting five keys with various probabilities ( 37, 56, 70, 56, 37 over 256 ). there are 55 possible 5 - letter words, and from a string of 256000 ( overlapping ) 5 - letter words, counts are made on the frequencies for each word. th...
[ "A)70", "B)86", "C)82", "D)77" ]
B
B 86 In this series, 5 is added to the previous number; the number 70 is inserted as every third number.
medmcqa_3986
medmcqa
<ctx> system, as mediated by local metabolism within the brain. testosterone can be metabolized to estradiol by the enzyme aromatase, or to dihydrotestosterone ( dht ) by 5Ξ± - reductase. aromatase is highly expressed in regions involved in the regulation of aggressive behavior, such as the amygdala and hypothalamus. in...
[ "Estriol", "Estrone", "Estradiol", "Androstenedione" ]
B
.
aquarat_18206
aquarat
<ctx> - specific representation of member and company - related interests ". the divisions determine their own inner structures and have their own statutes, which must be approved by the trade union council. verdi currently has five divisions ( fachbereiche ), formerly 13 divisions : a : financial services, communicati...
[ "A)75", "B)152", "C)175", "D)560" ]
D
(3 men out 8) and (2 ladies out of 5) are to be chosen Required number of ways = (8C3 * 5C2) = 560 Answer is D
qasc_68
qasc
<ctx> precipitation hardening, also called age hardening or particle hardening, is a heat treatment technique used to increase the yield strength of malleable materials, including most structural alloys of aluminium, magnesium, nickel, titanium, and some steels, stainless steels, and duplex stainless steel. in superall...
[ "Sand dollars", "calcite", "homogenous", "Sediment" ]
D
openbookqa_2845
openbookqa
<ctx> arabians. sabinos have also been described as " roan " by clydesdale, shire, and tennessee walking horse registries. rabicano is another type of " roaning " or ticking characterized by scattered white hairs centered on the flanks, barrel and white hairs at the base of the tail. it is unknown if the roaning charac...
[ "its parents", "the water", "the sun", "its siblings" ]
A
medmcqa_4866
medmcqa
<ctx> the other is positive for pulmonary stenosis. perhaps emanating from diffuse laryngotracheal calcification, patients often present with recurrent respiratory infection, otitis media, and sinusitis. cardiovascular effects apart from diffuse abnormal cartilaginous calcification in pulmonary and : wikt : otic system...
[ "Hyperparathyroidism", "Sarcoidosis", "Milk alkali syndrome", "Celiac disease" ]
D
Answer is D (Celiac disease): Celiac disease is not a cause for hypercalcemia. Hyperparatlzyroidism, Sarcoidosis and Milk alkali syndrome, may all lead to hypercalcemia.
openbookqa_2399
openbookqa
<ctx> ##s such as sculpture. studio potters can be referred to as ceramic artists, ceramists, ceramicists or as an artist who uses clay as a medium. much studio pottery is tableware or cookware but an increasing number of studio potters produce non - functional or sculptural items. some studio potters now prefer to cal...
[ "classifying", "weighing", "clarifying", "justifying" ]
A
openbookqa_1061
openbookqa
<ctx> startle response will not occur. as the threatening stimuli moves forward and decreases the flight zone, the dog will exhibit behaviors that fall into a startle or avoidance response. avoidance response the avoidance response is a form of negative reinforcement which is learned through operant conditioning. this ...
[ "its ink", "flying", "yelling", "crying" ]
A
mmlu_aux_8046
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> errors and therefore are subject to drift, but because the phase can be measured continuously they are able to generate high data rates. omega ( navigation system ) is an example. direct field sensing direct field sensing systems use a known field to derive orientation or position : a simple compass uses the eart...
[ "the world is positive", "the world is wet", "the Earth is fat", "the Earth yanks it" ]
D
null
arc_challenge_1012
arc_challenge
<ctx> motor control is the regulation of movement in organisms that possess a nervous system. motor control includes reflexes as well as directed movement. to control movement, the nervous system must integrate multimodal sensory information ( both from the external world as well as proprioception ) and elicit the nece...
[ "to directly apply force to the skeletal system", "to gather information about the stimuli", "to transmit messages from the brain to the body", "to directly control the action of muscles" ]
D
qasc_6615
qasc
<ctx> of cells, surrounded by a characteristic extracellular matrix composed of collagen and elastic glycoproteins. during development, the animal extracellular matrix forms a relatively flexible framework upon which cells can move about and be reorganised, making the formation of complex structures possible. this may ...
[ "Plant reproduction", "simple zygote", "spread flower seeds", "diploid zygote" ]
D
aquarat_35294
aquarat
<ctx> closest pair of a point and a line through two other points. report the time for this closest - pair search as, based on a brute - force search of all triples of points, but an algorithm to find the closest given point to each line through two given points, in time, was given earlier by, as a subroutine for findi...
[ "A)91", "B)5", "C)196", "D)21" ]
B
assuming that the top line can have either 2 points or 1 point... 5! / 1!4! - 5! / 2! 3! yields 5. B
mmlu_aux_8308
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> dam was already destroyed at 2 : 46. cit asserted that the nyt analysis did not address how the gates being only open on one side for eight consecutive months affected the integrity of the dam and the formation of hydraulic jumps, nor whether the velocity of the water flow exceeded the non - eroding velocity. acc...
[ "experienced only good things", "was always perfectly safe", "fell in harms way", "died in a natural way" ]
C
null
arc_easy_680
arc_easy
<ctx> r devinney, m stein, dj reinscheid, ea frey, bb finlay. cell 91 ( 4 ), 511 - 520 exploitation of mammalian host cell functions by bacterial pathogens. bb finlay, p cossart. science 276 ( 5313 ), 718 - 725 molecular mechanisms of escherichia coli pathogenicity. ma croxen, bb finlay. nature reviews microbiology 8 (...
[ "red blood cells", "liver cells", "white blood cells", "brain cells" ]
C
medmcqa_2653
medmcqa
<ctx> , c., & valladares, b. ( 2005 ). enterocytozoon bieneusi ( microsporidia ) in clinical samples from immunocompetent individuals in tenerife, canary islands, spain. transactions of the royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene, 99 ( 11 ), 848 - 855. breitenmoser, a. c., mathis, a., burgi, e., weber, r., & dep...
[ "Pl vivax", "Pl falciparum", "Pl malariae", "Pl ovale" ]
A
The features are consistent with the diagnosis of Pl vivax .yellow brown pigment-vivax Dark brown pigment-falciparum Ref: D.R. Arora. Medical parasitology 4th ed pg. 77
mmlu_aux_3715
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> individuals by 1935. as it became clear that hunting right whales was unsustainable, international protection for right whales came into effect, as the practice was banned globally in 1937. the ban was largely successful, although violations continued for several decades. madeira took its last two right whales in...
[ "more slowly than that of humpback whales", "faster than that of humpback whales", "as slowly as that of humpback whales", "as fast as that of humpback whales" ]
B
null
qasc_833
qasc
<ctx> typically north ) recede and the opposite ( southern ) shores sink. this causes the formation of new rapids and rivers. for example, lake pielinen in finland, which is large ( 90 x 30 km ) and oriented perpendicularly to the former ice margin, originally drained through an outlet in the middle of the lake near nu...
[ "light", "sun", "Energy.", "rain" ]
A
openbookqa_1103
openbookqa
<ctx> loss of habitat and redundancy of farming methods. avermectin kills off insect larvae and thus a decrease in the abundance of food for the horseshoes, causing them to travel farther and face increased dangers. habitat loss is primarily due to the lack of established hedgerows and deciduous woodland - pasture ecot...
[ "prepared", "having renovations done", "being built", "demolished" ]
D
mmlu_aux_7218
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> then may be reflectively scattered to produce a higher depth of field, and refracted. the technique is used to produce a unique rendering style and can be used to limit overexposure of objects. games such as team fortress 2 use the rendering technique to create a cartoon cel shaded stylized look. lighting interac...
[ "never reaches it", "illuminates the backside", "goes above it", "redirected from it" ]
D
null
medmcqa_1516
medmcqa
<ctx> ##phaloliths. calculi are usually asymptomatic, and large calculi may have required many years to grow to their large size. cause from an underlying abnormal excess of the mineral, e. g., with elevated levels of calcium ( hypercalcaemia ) that may cause kidney stones, dietary factors for gallstones. local conditi...
[ "Estrogen", "OCP", "Diabetes mellitus", "Obesity" ]
C
acalculous cholecystitis is not an uncommon entity, but can be commonly missed.* It is common in patients who have undergone major surgeries, trauma, burns, or any other stress or in cases of cholecystoses. * Common in ICU patients. ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS * Commonly it occurs in a patient with pre-existing chronic cholecy...
qasc_4473
qasc
<ctx> some cases an equipment manufacturer might choose a connector specifically because it is not compatible with those from other sources, allowing control of what may be connected. no single connector has all the ideal properties for every application ; the proliferation of types is a result of the diverse yet speci...
[ "stainless steel", "energy", "gold", "fibers" ]
C
qasc_5963
qasc
<ctx> the blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. it includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels ( from greek kardia meaning he...
[ "three", "Closed", "organ", "complex" ]
B
mmlu_aux_4373
mmlu_auxiliary
<ctx> volcanic dykes. he examined beds high on the hill that had been taken as seashells showing that st. helena had risen from the ocean in recent times, but darwin identified them as extinct species of land - shells. he noted that woodland had been destroyed by goats and hogs that had run wild since being introduced ...
[ "how an island rose up in the sea", "how soil was formed on a new island", "how life began on a volcano-produced island.", "how an undersea volcano broke out" ]
C
null
medmcqa_4493
medmcqa
<ctx> tensor fasciae latae, the knee may be brought medially across the body ( adducted ). if one leans against a wall with crossed legs ( externally / laterally rotated hips ) and pushes the pelvis away from the wall ( leaning the upper body towards it ) sidebending the lumbar spine ( i. e. : curving the spine to the ...
[ "Pudendal nerve", "Internal pudendal vessels", "Nerve to obturatorinternus", "Inferior gluteal vessels" ]
B
Internal pudendal vessels
aquarat_40647
aquarat
<ctx> the first 99 values of are given here : { | class = " wikitable " style = " text - align : center ; " | -! scope = " row " | | 1 – 2 | | 3 – 5 | | 6 – 9 | | 10 – 16 | | 17 – 23 | | 24 – 32 | | 33 – 42 | | 43 – 54 | | 55 – 68 | | 69 – 82 | | 83 – 99 | -! scope = " row " | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | | 8 | ...
[ "A)3", "B)4", "C)6", "D)5" ]
C
Explanation : We have to find the number of ways in which 4 toys can be distributed to 3 children so that each child receives at the most 2 toys.There are two possible cases:Case 1: Two of them receive 2 toys each and one of them doesn’t get any toy.There are 3 possible ways to distribute the toys in this case i.e., th...
medmcqa_5452
medmcqa
<ctx> a fly, it only has two wings whereas bees have four wings. there are short brownish - yellow hairs on the thorax and the first segment of the abdomen. the adult drone - fly's body is dark brown to black in color, with yellow - orange marks on the side of the second section of the abdomen. there is a yellow - oran...
[ "5 days", "10 days", "1 month", "1 year" ]
C
The complete life cycle from egg to adult may take 5 to 6 days during summer in India, but at other times it may take 8 to 20 days. Flies do not generally live longer than 15 days in summer and 25 days during winter Eggs - 8 to 24 hours, Larvae - 2 to 7 days, Pupae - 3 to 6 days, Adults 5-20 says. Park's Textbook of Pr...