id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
medmcqa_9267 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a nonmetal is a chemical element that mostly lacks metallic properties. seventeen elements are generally considered nonmetals, though some authors recognize more or fewer depending on the properties considered most representative of metallic or nonmetallic character. some borderline elements further complicate th... | [
"Sodium",
"Manganese",
"Iron",
"Lead"
] | D | Lead Lead is not at all an essential mineral; rather it is toxic to the body. (Harrison I7/e Chapter e34. Heavy Metal Poisoning ) Harper gives a list of essential minerals along with their functions in the body. Essential minerals and their function Function Mineral Structural function Calcium, magnesium, phosphate Inv... |
aquarat_5954 | aquarat | <ctx>
##o, spot, and bianchi. the chromoly steel frames and forks are made by richard schwinn's waterford precision cycles in waterford, wisconsin. in addition to the bixby and the runwell, shinola produced two limited edition bicycles, including the wright brothers limited edition bicycle and the shinola runwell di2 l... | [
"A)10",
"B)19",
"C)04",
"D)12"
] | C | Add the numbers of watches.
2 + 1 + 1 =4.
Answer is C. |
aquarat_20712 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)40",
"B)42",
"C)44",
"D)48"
] | A | 2:3
2x + 10 : 3x + 10 = 5 : 7
7[2x + 10] = 5[3x + 10]
14x + 70 = 15x + 50
15x - 14x = 70 - 50
x = 20
Then the first number is = 2
2x = 40
A |
aquarat_40761 | aquarat | <ctx>
off. several conclusions are used for the game's strategy. firstly, the order in which the lights are pressed does not matter, as the result will be the same. secondly, in a minimal solution, each light needs to be pressed no more than once, because pressing a light twice is equivalent to not pressing it at all. ... | [
"A)83",
"B)85",
"C)87",
"D)79"
] | D | Editing my solution:
Number of switches = 172
Number of switches turned on by A: 3, 6, ... 171 = 57
Number of switches turned on by B: 5, 10, ....170 = 34
Few switches are turned on by A and later turned off by B: LCM(3,5) = 15x = 15, 30,....90 = 6.
Subtract the above 6 switches from both A and B as they are turned off... |
aquarat_21412 | aquarat | <ctx>
price and purchased for price, is the number of units stocked, and is the expectation operator. the solution to the optimal stocking quantity of the newsvendor which maximizes expected profit is : where denotes the generalized inverse cumulative distribution function of. intuitively, this ratio, referred to as th... | [
"A)4991",
"B)3435",
"C)2365",
"D)2443"
] | A | Total sale for 5 months = Rs. (6435 + 6927 + 6855 + 7230 + 6562) = Rs. 34009.
Required sale = Rs.[(6500 x 6) - 34009]
= Rs. (39000 - 34009)
= Rs. 4991.
Answer: A |
medmcqa_2522 | medmcqa | <ctx>
mostly in children. for low levels of radiation, the biological effects are so small they may not be detected in epidemiological studies. although radiation may cause cancer at high doses and high dose rates, public health data regarding lower levels of exposure, below about 10 msv ( 1, 000 mrem ), are harder to ... | [
"Seminoma",
"Malignant melanoma",
"Osteosarcoma",
"Chondrosarcoma"
] | A | Ans. Seminoma |
openbookqa_1940 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##board of the macdonalds'marital bed, the word " pig " was written in eight inch capital letters. the blood used to write this word was later determined to belong to colette. having received impromptu resuscitation, macdonald sat upright, then exclaimed : " jesus christ! look at my wife! i'm gonna kill those god... | [
"they were getting ice water injected so they would stay cool in the Amazon",
"they wanted to avoid contracting something",
"aliens performed experiments on them",
"they wanted to catch the flu"
] | B | |
aquarat_28530 | aquarat | <ctx>
0. 311 41. ( a ) 4. 61 ( b ) ( c ) to transfer, heat pump costs $ 1. 00, natural gas costs $ 1. 34. 43. 45. ( a ) ( b ) 40 cents ( c ) this cost seems quite realistic ; it says that running an air conditioner all day would cost $ 9. 59 ( if it ran continuously ). 47. ( a ) ( b ) in order to gain more energy, we m... | [
"A)75.6",
"B)85.6",
"C)85.7",
"D)95.7"
] | B | 2.6+34.4=37
for 5 days 1.06*5=5.3
37-5.3=31.7
now the required saving percentage is (31.7/37)*100=85.6
ANSWER:B |
mmlu_aux_3644 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
2. 00 h. ( c ) what is unreasonable about the results? ( d ) which premise is unreasonable, or which premises are inconsistent? 320 7 • problems & exercises access for free at openstax. org 67. construct your own problem consider a person climbing and descending stairs. construct a problem in which you calculate ... | [
"a child",
"the boy who has little schooling",
"everyone",
"a girl at middle school"
] | D | null |
aquarat_33413 | aquarat | <ctx>
, luke de biasi. her birthday is november 24, making her a sagittarius. minor characters tony costello - nesta's older half - brother, italian like his father. his mother died when he was only 6 months but nesta's mother has always been a mother to him. he is said to be a player, dating a different girl every wee... | [
"A)2.",
"B)6.",
"C)5.",
"D)7."
] | B | ad = (a+1) (d+1) -13
0= a+d-12
a+d = 12
a=d (as they are twin brothers)
a=d=6
B is the answer |
arc_easy_190 | arc_easy | <ctx>
fortschr. zool. 25 : 283 - 293. 1974 on the evolution of habitat selection. pr. first international congress of ecology, pp. 401 – 404. 1998 articles on predation in encyclopedia of ecology and environmental management ( p. calow, ed. ) blackwell scientific publications ltd., oxford, england. 1 ) paradox of enric... | [
"become decomposers",
"compete for food",
"produce their own food",
"mate with each other"
] | C | |
openbookqa_487 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, krausman pr. 2019. international wildlife management : conservation challenges in a changing world, johns hopkins university press, 248 pp. representative publications koprowski, j. l. 1993. alternative reproductive tactics in male eastern gray squirrels : " making the best of a bad job ". behavioral ecology 4 ... | [
"storing water",
"amassing pecans",
"planting flowers",
"sleeping late"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_2772 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
in the same - different discrimination task. two arrays of items were presented simultaneously in which the two sets of items were either identical or different from one another. pigeons were required to distinguish between the two arrays of items in which the level of difficulty was varied. pigeons were provided... | [
"Those that have more experience.",
"Those that can avoid potential risks.",
"Those that like to work independently.",
"Those that feel anxious about learning."
] | D | null |
qasc_6484 | qasc | <ctx>
##in, pepsin ), extracellular proteinases ( matrix metalloproteinases, adamtss, cathepsins ) and antioxidant enzymes ( extracellular superoxide dismutase ). often, proteins present in the extracellular space are stored outside the cells by attaching to various extracellular matrix components ( collagens, proteogl... | [
"in the lymph nodes",
"in nerve cells",
"in the kidneys",
"on cancer cells"
] | D | |
medmcqa_4848 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##brous sheath at the optic disc ; not known to cause any visual disorders ; visualized as a linear, gray structure anterior to the optic disc. due to pfv ’ s close resemblance with retinoblastoma in particular, conclusively identifying pfv through advanced medical imaging is timely and crucial for an accurate di... | [
"Cavernous sinus thrombosis",
"Orbital cellulitis",
"Acute Ethmoidal sinusitis",
"Orbital apex syndrome"
] | A | Patient is suffering from cavernous venous thrombosis, as a complication of chronic ethmoidal sinusitis. The facial veins make clinically impoant connections with the cavernous sinus through the superior ophthalmic veins. Cavernous sinus thrombosis usually results from infections in the orbit, nasal sinuses, and superi... |
aquarat_40532 | aquarat | <ctx>
regular numbers are numbers that evenly divide powers of 60 ( or, equivalently, powers of 30 ). equivalently, they are the numbers whose only prime divisors are 2, 3, and 5. as an example, 602 = 3600 = 48 × 75, so as divisors of a power of 60 both 48 and 75 are regular. these numbers arise in several areas of mat... | [
"A)5",
"B)7",
"C)9",
"D)10"
] | A | 67/5 = 13.xx
We are not concerned about the exact value of 67/5 as we just need the integers.
Since the values are small, we can write down the integers.
The different integers between 9 and 67/5 would be 9, 10, 11, 12,13
Total number of integers = 5
Option A |
aquarat_17085 | aquarat | <ctx>
2 declines result in a 15 - minute trading halt unless they occur after 3 : 25pm, when no trading halts apply. a level 3 decline results in trading being suspended for the remainder of the day. circuit breakers are also in effect on the chicago mercantile exchange ( cme ) and all subsidiary exchanges where the sa... | [
"A)20%",
"B)16 4/3%",
"C)16 7/3%",
"D)16 6/3%"
] | A | Let the price of the article be Rs. 100.
25% of 100 = 25.
New price
= 100 + 25 = Rs. 125
Required percentage
= (125 - 100)/125 * 100
= 25/125 * 100
= 20%
Answer:A |
medmcqa_1007 | medmcqa | <ctx>
use the air quality index ( aqi ) to check the level of pollution in the outside air before engaging in sporting activities. some common disease screenings include checking for hypertension ( high blood pressure ), hyperglycemia ( high blood sugar, a risk factor for diabetes mellitus ), hypercholesterolemia ( hig... | [
"Primordial",
"Primary",
"Secondary",
"Tertiary"
] | A | (A) (Primordial) (39 - Park 22nd)PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION* Special attension is the prevention of chronic disease* Prevention of the emergence or development of risk factors in countries or population groups in which they have not yet appeared* For example, many adult health problems (eg obesity hypertension) have their e... |
medmcqa_7428 | medmcqa | <ctx>
to alcoholics for insomnia or anxiety management. initiating prescriptions of benzodiazepines or sedative - hypnotics in individuals in recovery has a high rate of relapse with one author reporting more than a quarter of people relapsed after being prescribed sedative - hypnotics. those who are long - term users ... | [
"Epilepsy",
"Cute mountain sickness",
"Cirrhosis",
"Glaucoma"
] | C | Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor USES: 1. Glaucoma: as an adjuvant to other ocular hypotensives 2. Epilepsy: increases co2 levels- inhibits seizures to some extent- used only for catamenial epilepsy- epilepsy during menses 3. Acute mountain sickness - by increasing co2 and stimulating the breathing cente... |
medmcqa_7528 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. “ nature ”, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"Secondary deposits",
"Multiple myeloma",
"Lymphoma",
"Hemangioma"
] | A | (A) Secondary deposits> Most common secondary deposits from visceral primary malignancy occurs in the site of vertebral spine.> Most common primary bone marrow malignancy is multiple myeloma> Most common primary malignant bone tumor is osteosarcoma. |
aquarat_38703 | aquarat | <ctx>
)? 11. a student drove to the university from their home and noted that the odometer reading of their car increased by 12. 0 km. the trip took 18. 0 min. ( a ) what was their average speed? ( b ) if the straight - line distance from their home to the university is
90. 0 m + 15. 0 m = 105 m when wet figure 2. 34 ... | [
"A)223",
"B)376",
"C)250",
"D)378"
] | C | Let xx be the distance between A and B. Since Susan covered 80 km in 2 hours, her speed was V=802=40V=802=40 km/hr.
If she continued at the same speed she would be 1515 minutes late, i.e. the planned time on the road is x40−1560x40−1560 hr. The rest of the distance is (x−80)(x−80) km. V=40+10=50V=40+10=50 km/hr.
So, sh... |
arc_easy_1270 | arc_easy | <ctx>
do not encode a protein. alternative splicing mechanisms can result in mature transcripts from the same gene having different sequences and thus coding for different proteins. this is a major form of regulation in eukaryotic cells and also occurs in some prokaryotes. translation translation is the process by whic... | [
"mitochondria",
"ribosomes",
"centrioles",
"lysosomes"
] | B | |
arc_easy_1945 | arc_easy | <ctx>
, and often the thyroid gland ( depending on local referral patterns ). they also deal with diseases involving the skin, breast, soft tissue, trauma, peripheral artery disease and hernias and perform endoscopic procedures such as gastroscopy and colonoscopy. genetics – is a branch of biology concerned with the st... | [
"testes",
"ovaries",
"scrotum",
"fallopian tube"
] | A | |
medmcqa_786 | medmcqa | <ctx>
jaundice can be caused by a few viruses that the human body can naturally clear, jaundice in the setting of an obstruction is usually caused by a cancer and can result in intolerable itching and a worsening of liver function that can be life - threatening. depending on a patient's condition, this type of obstruct... | [
"Serum acid phosphatase",
"Serum Calcium",
"Serum alkaline phosphatase",
"Serum electrophoresis"
] | A | pt. is suspected to have Ca Prostate as Prostatic Ca is the most common malignant tumor in men over 65 yrs. of age. Symptoms of Bladder outlet obstruction and back pains (due to bony metastasis in the pelvis & lumbar veebra) indicate towards prostate Ca. Serum acid phosphates is a tumor marker of prostate Ca. But now s... |
arc_easy_765 | arc_easy | <ctx>
the lunar six, that are preserved on tablet tu 11. the lunar six are a group of six time interval measurements used in babylonian astronomy, consisting of four intervals measured around the full moon in the middle of the babylonian lunar month, and two measured around the new moon. the four values measured in the... | [
"one",
"two",
"three",
"four"
] | A | |
aquarat_34630 | aquarat | <ctx>
points to the last person to touch the ball before a try was scored without awarding them a lucrative try assist ( 12 points ) if they weren ’ t deserving of one. worth four points, try contributions could be awarded to multiple players involved in a try - scoring play. in rare circumstances a player from the pre... | [
"A)84",
"B)66",
"C)78",
"D)76"
] | C | A particular players is never chosen, it means that 11 players are selected out of 14 players.
=> Required number of ways = 13C11
= 13!/11!x2! = 78
C |
openbookqa_2190 | openbookqa | <ctx>
allows for comfortable living in most 608 14 • heat and heat transfer methods access for free at openstax. org parts of the united states with hot and humid summers and cold winters. figure 14. 29 this simple but effective solar cooker uses the greenhouse effect and reflective material to trap and retain solar en... | [
"melting ice",
"aluminium foil",
"blocks of ice",
"soft cheese"
] | B | |
aquarat_19433 | aquarat | <ctx>
, in a letter to sicherman, gardner mentioned that a magician he knew had anticipated sicherman's discovery. for generalizations of the sicherman dice to more than two dice and noncubical dice, see broline ( 1979 ), gallian and rusin ( 1979 ), brunson and swift ( 1997 / 1998 ), and fowler and swift ( 1999 ). math... | [
"A)13",
"B)3",
"C)5",
"D)12"
] | D | there are 3 pairs . consider it A,B,C
A-(1,6)
B-(3,4)
C-(2,5)
Now the possible combinations to place A B C is 6.
because for A - 3 possible place
B- 2 POSSIBLE PLACE
C-1 POSSIBLE PLACE
3*2*1=6
NOW A HAS TWO PAIR SO POSSIBLE COMBO FOR 1 AND 6 IS 2 ..SAME FOR B AND C
2+2+2=6
SO 6+6=12
ANSWER:D |
mmlu_aux_3976 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
to bring about positive change. project budburst project budburst is a national field campaign for citizen scientists designed to engage the public in the collection of important climate change data based on the timing of leafing and flowering of trees and flowers, and the project provides resources and opportuni... | [
"watching early spring blooms and changes in animals",
"studying the biological timing of earth",
"collecting data of the local weather",
"tracking the early spring blooms of some local plants"
] | D | null |
aquarat_11771 | aquarat | <ctx>
convention adopted throughout mathematics, science, technology and many computer programming languages. it is summarized as : parentheses exponentiation multiplication and division addition and subtraction this means that to evaluate an expression, one first evaluates any sub - expression inside parentheses, work... | [
"A)-4",
"B)-2",
"C)2",
"D)1 and -5"
] | D | A number x is multiplied with itself --> X^2
added to the product of 4 and x --> X^2+4X
If the result of these two operations is -4 --> X^2+4X=5
i.e X^2+4X-5=0 is the Quadratic equation which needs to be solved.
(X-1)(X+5) = 0
Hence X=1. C=-5
IMO D |
aquarat_35463 | aquarat | <ctx>
in student transport have a triangular sign on the roof. buses engaged in student transport are limited to driving at 80 km / h maximum speed. germany there're no special school buses in germany with a few exceptions. public transport timetables are often adapted to the needs of secondary schools. some german sta... | [
"A)4",
"B)8",
"C)16",
"D)24"
] | C | To find the number of vans, we divide 123 by 8.
123 *8 = 15 and remainder = 3
So 15 vans are needed to transport 15 ? 8 = 120 girls, and 1 van is needed to transport the 3 remaining girls. A total of 16 vans are needed.
correct answer C |
medmcqa_8045 | medmcqa | <ctx>
active when a person is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at wakeful rest because experiences such as mind - wandering and daydreaming are common in this state. it is also active when the individual is thinking about others, thinking about themselves, remembering the past, and planning for the fut... | [
"Mania",
"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder",
"Depression",
"Obsessive Compulsive Disorder"
] | A | Ans. A i.e. Mania |
medmcqa_3542 | medmcqa | <ctx>
mylohyoid, tensor tympani, and tensor veli palatini. second arch all of the pharyngeal muscles of the second pharyngeal arch are innervated by the facial nerve. these muscles include the muscles of facial expression, the posterior belly of the digastric, the stylohyoid muscle, the auricular muscle and the stapedi... | [
"Occipital",
"Posterior auricular",
"Thyrocervical trunk",
"Superior thyroid"
] | B | The Sternocleidomastoid muscle flap is used in reconstructive surgery of the neck. The exact knowledge of its blood supply helps to minimize the risk of flap necrosis after transposition.Blood supply of Sternocleidomastoid: Upper third - supplied by branches of the occipital aery. Middle third - supplied by a branch of... |
medmcqa_4495 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the glycocalyx can be triggered by inflammatory stimuli, such as tumor necrosis factor - alpha. whatever the stimulus is, however, shedding of the glycocalyx leads to a drastic increase in vascular permeability. vascular walls being permeable is disadvantageous, since that would enable passage of some macromolecu... | [
"Hypeensive retinopathy",
"Diabetic retinopathy",
"Exudative retinopathy of Coat's",
"Leukemic retinopathy"
] | D | Leukaemic retinopathy It is characterised by pale and orange fundus background with dilated and touous veins. In later stages, greyish white lines may be seen along the course of the veins (due to perivascular leukaemic infiltration). Aerioles become pale and narrow. Retinal haemorrhages with typical white centre (Roth... |
medmcqa_6965 | medmcqa | <ctx>
background and automatically analyzing medical imaging data, identifying urgent findings, and sparing radiologists from " drowning " in vast amounts of irrelevant data. aidoc's solutions cover medical conditions prevalent in all settings ( ed / inpatient / outpatient ), including level 1 trauma centers, outpatien... | [
"May be seen after head injury",
"Involves the right ventricular wall",
"Continuous pattern",
"Flame shaped hemorrhages"
] | B | Ans. Involves the right ventricular wall |
medmcqa_9319 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##b. the increase in blood - brain barrier and blood - spinal cord barrier permeability allows for more neutrophils to infiltrate the brain and spinal cord at the site of inflammation. neutrophils carry mmp - 9., which has also been shown to degrade occludin. this leads to further disruption of the bbb and bscb r... | [
"Most common source of infection is by direct spread from a contiguous cranial site of infection, such as paranasal sinusitis, otitis media, mastoiditis, or dental infection",
"Hematogenous abscesses are often multiple, and multiple abscesses often (50%) have a hematogenous origin.",
"Hematogenous abscesses sho... | D | Approximately one-third of brain abscesses are associated with otitis media and mastoiditis, often with an associated cholesteatoma. Otogenic abscesses occur predominantly in the temporal lobe (55-75%) and cerebellum (20-30%). In some series, up to 90% of cerebellar abscesses are otogenic. Abscesses that develop as a r... |
medmcqa_7137 | medmcqa | <ctx>
jaundice can be caused by a few viruses that the human body can naturally clear, jaundice in the setting of an obstruction is usually caused by a cancer and can result in intolerable itching and a worsening of liver function that can be life - threatening. depending on a patient's condition, this type of obstruct... | [
"Right and Left gastric aery",
"Right gastric and sho gastric aeries",
"Right gastroepiploic and sho gastric aeries",
"Right gastric and right gastroepiploic aery"
] | D | Rt. Gastric aeryarises from common hepatic aery andRt. Gastroepiploic aeryarises fromgastroduodenal aerywhich is a branch of common hepatic aery. Therefore,ligation of common hepatic aerywill lead to impaired blood supply inRt. Gastric aeryandRt. Gastroepiploic aery. Left gastric aery arises from CT. Sho gastric aeries... |
medmcqa_2063 | medmcqa | <ctx>
of the shunt may become too thick for the aqueous humor to filter through. this may require preventive measures using antifibrotic medications, such as 5 - fluorouracil or mitomycin - c ( during the procedure ), or other nonantifibrotic medication methods, such as collagen matrix implant, or biodegradable spacer,... | [
"Surgical excision",
"Removal of adjacent teeth",
"Irradiation of the Lesion",
"Conservative surgery"
] | D | |
aquarat_30030 | aquarat | <ctx>
in another currency. secondly, the sell side may price the cln based on the issued asset in usd. this, in turn, does not appropriately reflect the yield to maturity of the underlying asset as it approaches par value at maturity. thirdly, the underlying asset may be inflation linked, or have periodic paydowns that... | [
"A)6 2/3%",
"B)6 2/8%",
"C)6 4/3%",
"D)8 2/3%"
] | A | S.P. = 102% of Rs. 600 = 102 x 600 = Rs. 612.
100
Now, P.W. = Rs. 612 and sum = Rs. 688.50.
T.D. = Rs. (688.50 - 612) = Rs. 76.50.
Thus, S.I. on Rs. 612 for 9 months is Rs. 76.50.
Rate = 100 x 76.50 % = 16%
612 x 3
4
Answer: A |
aquarat_653 | aquarat | <ctx>
signed integer and p ( 6542 ) = 65521 for unsigned sixteen - bit integers. that would suffice to test primality for numbers up to 655372 = 4, 295, 098, 369. preparing such a table ( usually via the sieve of eratosthenes ) would only be worthwhile if many numbers were to be tested. if instead a variant is used wit... | [
"A)9000",
"B)9300",
"C)9400",
"D)9600"
] | A | Greatest number of 4-digits is 9999.
L.C.M. of 10, 20, 25 and 60 is 1500.
On dividing 9999 by 1500, the remainder is 999.
Required number (9999 - 999) = 9000.
ANSWER :A |
aquarat_8236 | aquarat | <ctx>
increasing absolute value of the imaginary part. note that the same sum over the trivial roots gives the last subtrahend in the formula. for we have a more complicated formula again, the formula is valid for x > 1, while ρ are the nontrivial zeros of the zeta function ordered according to their absolute value. th... | [
"A)48",
"B)28",
"C)36",
"D)72"
] | B | To improve his average by 8 runs per innings he has to contribute 14 x 8 = 112 runs for the previous 14 innings.
Thus, the average after the 15th innings
= 140 - 112 = 28.
ANSWER:B |
medmcqa_9789 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the exposure of human settlements to multiple hazards ( hydrological and agricultural drought, pluvial, fluvial and coastal floods ) is frequent and requires risk assessments on a regional, municipal, and sometimes individual human settlement scale. the multidisciplinary approach and the integration of local and ... | [
"Diabetes",
"Cancers",
"Coronary heart disease",
"Obesity"
] | C | |
medmcqa_8284 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ruginosa produces the pigments pyocyanin and pyoverdin, which give the colonies a greenish sheen. some specimens of serratia marcescens produce an orange - red pigment called prodigiosin. organisms with swarming motility, like proteus species, exhibit concentric waves of growth extending from the inoculation po... | [
"Catalase test",
"Modified Oxidase test",
"Gram staining",
"AFS"
] | B | Micrococci:Micrococci are gram-positive cocci which occur mostly in pairs, tetrads or irregular clusters. They are catalase and modified oxidase positive and aerobic. They are ordinarily non-pathogenic. The resemble Staphylococci, but in general, they are large in size and tetrads. The common laboratory test used to di... |
medmcqa_9335 | medmcqa | <ctx>
broad ligament of the uterus. for a short part, the uterine arteries travel on top for a short ( ) period. they then pass by the cervix, traveling inward towards the bladder. blood and lymphatic supply the arteries which supply the ureter vary along its course. the upper third of the ureter, closest to the kidney... | [
"Lumbar Ascending vein",
"Subcostal Vein",
"Intercostolumbar azygos vein",
"Right Bronchial Vein"
] | C | 1. Formative tributaries of Azygos Vein are Lumbar Ascending vein, Subcostal Vein and lumbar azygos vein.
2. Right Bronchial Vein is the last tributary of Azygos Vein |
mmlu_aux_3533 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##l, m., callaaghan, t. v., 2000. the arctic : environment, people, policy. harwood academic, uk. stirling, i., lunn, n. j., iacozza, j., 1999. long - term trends in the population ecology of polar bears in western hudson bay in relation to climate change. the arctic institute of north america. v. 52 no. 3, p. 29... | [
"on Princess Royal Island",
"on Gribbell Island",
"on the British Columbia mainland coast",
"on islands in the Great Bear Rainforest"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_3440 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the individual in agp necessitates an often more aggressive treatment approach, to halt further periodontal destruction and regain as much periodontal attachment as possible. the objective of treatment is to create a conducive clinical condition for retaining as many teeth, for as long as possible. cause related ... | [
"Nasal decongestants",
"Antibiotics",
"B-blockers",
"B2-agonists"
] | A | When symptoms are not marked, breathing exercises, decongestant nasal drops, and antihistaminics. When symptoms are marked adenoidectomy is done. (Ref: Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat, PL Dhingra; 7th edition, pg no. 276) |
medmcqa_9496 | medmcqa | <ctx>
growth. there are several maternal factors, which include age, nutritional status, alcohol use, smoking, and medical conditions. insufficient uteroplacental perfusion is an example of a placental factor. chromosomal abnormalities and genetic diseases are examples of fetal factors. complications for the infant inc... | [
"There is a sustained rise of BP > 140/90 mmHg",
"Blood pressure returns to normal within 6 weeks of delivery",
"It is associated with lower incidence of essential hypeension in the later life as compared to pre eclampsia",
"Perinatal moality remains unaffected"
] | C | Ans. is 'C i.e., It is associated with lower incidence of essential hypeension in the later life as compared to pre eclampsia Gestational hypeensionA sustained rise of blood pressure to 140/90 mm Hg or more on atleast 2 occasions 4 or more hours apa beyond the 20thweeks of pregnancyor during the first 24 hours after de... |
aquarat_27986 | aquarat | <ctx>
##lyphs, which were cast into a metal type element or elements ; this also encouraged a minimum set of glyphs. seven - bit ascii improved over prior five - and six - bit codes. of the 27 = 128 codes, 33 were used for controls, and 95 carefully selected printable characters ( 94 glyphs and one space ), which inclu... | [
"A)4",
"B)8",
"C)14",
"D)20"
] | B | We are told that all of the letters contain either a dot or a straight line or both, which implies that there are no letters without a dot and a line (no line/no dot box = 0).
First we find the total # of letters with lines: 8 +24 = 32;
Next, we find the total # of letters without line: 40 - 32= 8;
Finally, we find the... |
aquarat_13706 | aquarat | <ctx>
##678814 7850601132077287172819942445113232019492229554237898606631074891074722425617 39680319169243814676235712934292299974411361 rsa - 617 rsa - 617 has 617 decimal digits ( 2, 048 bits ) and has not been factored so far. rsa - 617 = 2270180129378501419358040512020458674106123596276658390709402187921517148311 9... | [
"A)0",
"B)2",
"C)3",
"D)5"
] | A | Explanation:
Unit digit in (6374)1793 = Unit digit in (4)1793
= Unit digit in [(42)896 x 4]
= Unit digit in (6 x 4) = 4
Unit digit in (625)317 = Unit digit in (5)317 = 5
Unit digit in (341)491 = Unit digit in (1)491 = 1
Required digit = Unit digit in (4 x 5 x 1) = 0.
ANSWER IS A |
arc_challenge_451 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
are being made to improve processes for government run labs, but there is no unifying regulatory authority for all labs. biosafety is related to several fields : in ecology ( referring to imported life forms from beyond ecoregion borders ), in agriculture ( reducing the risk of alien viral or transgenic genes, ge... | [
"tying back long hair.",
"wearing safety goggles.",
"performing each step quickly.",
"wiping up spills immediately."
] | C | |
openbookqa_1683 | openbookqa | <ctx>
and represent it as simply as possible. for example, if we use an input resistance to represent the load, the complete circuit looks like this : whereas the voltage source by itself was an open circuit, adding the load makes a closed circuit and allows charge to flow. this current places a voltage drop across, so... | [
"is turned off",
"is uninterrupted",
"has multiple paths",
"incomplete"
] | B | |
aquarat_38118 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)5",
"B)2",
"C)10",
"D)5"
] | C | 6250
= D(100/4)2
D = 10
Answer: C |
aquarat_49546 | aquarat | <ctx>
, x being walls, s being the start, o being the finish and _ being open spaces, the numbers along the top and right edges are the column and row numbers : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x x x x x x x x x x x _ _ _ x x _ x _ x 1 x _ x _ _ x _ _ _ x 2 x s x x _ _ _ x _ x 3 x _ x _ _ x _ _ _ x 4 x _ _ _ x x _ x _ x 5 x _ x _ _ x _... | [
"A)all are equal",
"B)B,A.C",
"C)A,B,C",
"D)A,C,B"
] | D | Explanation :
if you see option B...you can easily say it is the lowest value. Now about A and C you can see the sum of the values on both side is equal on this type of cases the side which as more number of values closer than other side and to the maximum value among given numbers will be the biggest value..If you cou... |
medmcqa_4204 | medmcqa | <ctx>
front of the sacroiliac joint, one on either side, and each bifurcates into the external and internal iliac arteries. iliac artery, external – the external iliac arteries are two major arteries which bifurcate off the common iliac arteries anterior to the sacroiliac joint of the pelvis. they proceed anterior and ... | [
"Pyriformis",
"Superior gluteal nerve",
"Inferior gluteal nerve",
"Obturator internus tendon"
] | D | Structure passing through lesser sciatic notch Tendon of obturator internus Pudendal nerve Nerve to obturator internus Internal pudendal aery |
medmcqa_9924 | medmcqa | <ctx>
multi - casualty events, age estimation in living and deceased persons, interpreting injuries in the oral and perioral regions, bite mark analysis and comparison, and assisting forensic pathologists in determining the cause of death if there is a possible contributing dental condition. dental evidence is useful i... | [
"Aniline dye",
"Carbon dioxide",
"Hydrocyanic acid",
"Phosphorus"
] | D | PHOSPHORUS(P4) There are two varieties: (1) White or crystalline. (2) Red or amorphous Postmoem Appearances:- In acute poisoning, the body usually shows signs of jaundice. The gastric and intestinal contents may smell of garlic and be luminous. The mucous membranes of the stomach and intestine are yellowish or greyish-... |
medmcqa_4059 | medmcqa | <ctx>
as urea, molecular chaperones for protein folding at lower temperatures and hydrogenases associated with heavy - metal tolerance, located with other tolerance genes on a single gi. these sets of genes are not exclusive to a. mediterranea, as they are exchanged between different populations of alteromonas species ... | [
"2-4 hours",
"4-8 hours",
"8-12 hours",
"1-2 days"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 1-2 days * The usual media employed for cultivation of diphtheria bacillus are:-1) Loeffler's serum slope# It is used for rapid diagnosis as growth is shown within 4-8 hours.2) Tellurite blood agar (Tinsdale medium)# It acts as selective media, as tellurite inhibits growth of most other bacteria.# Gro... |
medmcqa_7773 | medmcqa | <ctx>
of corticosteroids given from gestational ages of 24 weeks 0 days to 33 weeks 6 days has been shown in several studies to reduce the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in the neonatal period. head positioning in very preterm infants has been suggested as an approach to prevent germinal matrix haemorrhage ; howev... | [
"Suction evacuation",
"Intra -amniotic saline followed by oxytocin",
"Evacuation by misoprostol and Mifepristone",
"Methotrexate administration"
] | A | Management of vesicular mole/complete mole Suction evacuation (also do a gentle curettage with a sharp curette) Do USG after a week to rule out retained bits Do CXR to rule out metastasis HCG follow up |
medmcqa_650 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dissection ( from latin " to cut to pieces " ; also called anatomization ) is the dismembering of the body of a deceased animal or plant to study its anatomical structure. autopsy is used in pathology and forensic medicine to determine the cause of death in humans. less extensive dissection of plants and smaller ... | [
"Obduction",
"Necropsy",
"Biopsy",
"Postmoem examination"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Biopsy An autopsy (also known as a post-moem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia cadaverum) is a highly specialized surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause and manner of death and to evaluate any disease or injury that may b... |
medmcqa_7301 | medmcqa | <ctx>
rodents at that location should be purchased. serologic testing is not recommended for pet rodents, as it has been unreliable in detecting antibodies in animals with active infections. for laboratory purposes, immunohistochemistry staining of tissues and virus isolation are used for more accurate testing, but thi... | [
"abd",
"acd",
"cde",
"ade"
] | C | |
aquarat_5036 | aquarat | <ctx>
/ all x's odd y's if n mod 60 ∈ { 1, 13, 17, 29, 37, 41, 49, 53 } : is _ prime ( n ) ← ¬is _ prime ( n ) / / toggle state / / algorithm step 3. 2 : for n ≤ limit, n ← 3x² + y² where x ∈ { 1, 3,... } and y ∈ { 2, 4,... } / / only odd x's if n mod 60 ∈ { 7, 19, 31, 43 } : / / and even y's is _ prime ( n ) ← ¬is _ p... | [
"A)2",
"B)3",
"C)4",
"D)5"
] | A | 2 + 3 + 5 + 7 +11 + 13 + 17 + 23 + 29 = 100 ( sum is even)
Least number = 2
A |
qasc_479 | qasc | <ctx>
most common families of desert plants are the cacti, which are covered in sharp spines or bristles for defence against herbivory. the bristles on certain cacti also have the ability to reflect sunlight, such as those of the old man cactus. certain xerophytes, like oleander, feature stomata that are recessed as a ... | [
"lightning strike",
"fire",
"growth",
"drought"
] | D | |
openbookqa_1656 | openbookqa | <ctx>
across two channels. at 7 : 00 p. m., one channel airs public affairs program a current affair, while another airs an australian soap, home and away, and the third airs a light news / talk show. primetime is officially, in terms of ratings figure designations, from 6 : 00 p. m. until midnight, however the peak au... | [
"glow longer",
"end sooner",
"last longer",
"stay later"
] | B | |
medmcqa_6091 | medmcqa | <ctx>
in medicine, a prosthesis ( : prostheses ; from ), or a prosthetic implant, is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part, which may be lost through trauma, disease, or a condition present at birth ( congenital disorder ). prostheses are intended to restore the normal functions of the missing body par... | [
"It is difficult to remove prosthesis when cemented with cement having maximum compressive strength and low tensile strength",
"It is difficult to remove prosthesis when cemented with cement having maximum compressive strength and low shear strength",
"Cement is weakest phase in fixed prosthesis",
"Increased ... | C | |
aquarat_39469 | aquarat | <ctx>
. normally it takes about 40, 000 sq ft of grazing land for 1 cow / steer ( for milk / meat ) or 2 goats ( for milk / meat / wool ), or 2 sheep ( for milk / meat / wool ). [ in contrast ] with [ biointensive farming ] and maximizing the edible calorie output in your vegan diet design, one person ’ s complete bala... | [
"A)11236",
"B)11025",
"C)14400",
"D)12696"
] | A | Explanatory Answer
The shape of the area used for growing cabbages has remained a square in both the years.
Let the side of the square area used for growing cabbages this year be X ft.
Therefore, the area of the ground used for cultivation this year = X2 sq.ft.
Let the side of the square area used for growing cabbages ... |
medmcqa_2572 | medmcqa | <ctx>
v decrease = shift left ; ( b ) t increase = shift right, v = no effect ; ( c ) t increase = shift left, v decrease = shift left ; ( d ) t increase = shift left, v decrease = shift right. 40. ( a ) ( b ) [ h2 ] increases, [ co ] decreases, [ ch3oh ] increases ; ( c ), [ h2 ] increases, [ co ] decreases, [ ch3oh ]... | [
"Anemia",
"Hypoxia",
"Inosine",
"Hypoxanthine"
] | D | |
qasc_8092 | qasc | <ctx>
the coping of households is dependent on contextual factors, such as where an individual is settled, namely rural, urban or marginal environments. the ways households respond to food insecurity influences health aspects such as infectious and chronic diseases, nutritional status, and mental health. it is essentia... | [
"food and shelter",
"A Low Carb Diet",
"Pictures of rice",
"Yukon Gold potatoes"
] | D | |
medmcqa_1160 | medmcqa | <ctx>
( pui ), who would be given tests ; and " persons under monitoring " ( pum ), who would not be tested, but would be told to go into a 14 - day self quarantine. puis are individuals with symptoms ( fever, respiratory infection, or both ) with a history of travel to china in the past 14 days and / or exposure to an... | [
"Pregnant women",
"Old people",
"Children above 6 years",
"Children below 6 years"
] | D | Ans. (d) Children below 6 yearsRef: K. Park 23rd ed. /182-84* About national TB program, if a person is smear positive for TB:# All the family who is in close contact with the patient is given prophylaxis# Children under age 6 is given prophylaxisNote: India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) rec... |
aquarat_26188 | aquarat | <ctx>
implies that the ring of integers of k is precisely so the denominators of a and b are at worst equal to 2. since q = 2, we may safely multiply a and b by 2, and assume that where now a and b are in z. in this case we have so however, q cannot divide b, since then also q divides a, which contradicts our choice of... | [
"A)10",
"B)B.13",
"C)18",
"D)26"
] | B | The prompt gives us a couple of facts to work with:
1) A and B are positive INTEGERS
2) A/B = 2.86
We can use these facts to figure out POSSIBLE values of A and B. The prompt asks us for what MUST be a divisor of A. Since we're dealing with a fraction, A and B could be an infinite number of different integers, so we ha... |
openbookqa_2256 | openbookqa | <ctx>
to a court of law. palaeoanthropology paleoanthropology combines the disciplines of paleontology and physical anthropology. it is the study of ancient humans, as found in fossil hominid evidence such as petrifacted bones and footprints. genetics and morphology of specimens are crucially important to this field. m... | [
"water",
"sky",
"air",
"hard stones"
] | D | |
medmcqa_8251 | medmcqa | <ctx>
infections. biology studies cells, the brain, and the body. this focuses on brain development and includes the autism tissue program discussed further below. diagnosis includes epidemiology, early diagnosis, and biomarkers. autism therapies include medication, behavioral, and psychological interventions. it inclu... | [
"Salivary gland involvement is limited to the parotids",
"The patient is not infectious prior to clinical parotid enlargement",
"Menigoencephalitis can precede parotitis",
"Mumps orchitis frequently leads to infeility"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Meningoencephalitis can precede parotitis "Aseptic meningitis may develop before, during, after or in the absence of parotitis." About other options o Mainly parotid glands are involved, but sublingual and submaxillary glands may also be involved. o Patient is infectious 4-6 days before the onset of s... |
mmlu_aux_3168 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##i's group reported a hybrid cell combining a silicon solar cell with a water - droplet - harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator. this hybrid cell had the capacity to harvest both solar and raindrop energies. harvesting energy from human body motion since there is abundant mechanical energy generated on human bo... | [
"it is flexible",
"it is more efficient",
"it is cheaper",
"it uses clean energy"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_1580 | medmcqa | <ctx>
been observed in the precuneus and pcc, while hypoactivation has been observed in the pallidum, ventral anterior thalamus and posterior caudate. an older meta analysis found hyperactivity in the ofc and acc. an ale meta analysis of various functional neuroimaging paradigms observed various abnormalities during go... | [
"Alexander disease",
"Canavan disease",
"Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis",
"Adrenoleukodystrophy"
] | C | Gray matter diseases White matter diseases Clinical features Seizures, impaired vision, dementia Motor problems Examples Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis Biotinidase deficiency Pyridoxine deficiency Mitochondrial disorders Alexander disease Canavan disease Adrenoleukodystrophy Metachromatic leukodystrophy Krabbe disease |
mmlu_aux_1616 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
wallow holes used. the quantity and quality of food intake were variable among rhinoceroses and over time. overall energy consumption was related to the size of the animal, while the digestibility of plants consumed appeared to be influenced by individual age and habitat conditions. in may 2017, director of the b... | [
"they wanted to get rhinos' horns for medical use",
"rhinos ate natural grass and trees on their farmland",
"get rid of the threat of rhinos from their life",
"they wanted to do researches on producing young for rhinos"
] | A | null |
aquarat_5847 | aquarat | <ctx>
manufacturing once it has been received. the time it takes a company to unload a product from a truck, inspect it, and move it into storage ( " put - away time " ) is not trivial. with tight manufacturing constraints or when a company is using just in time manufacturing, it is important for supply chain to know h... | [
"A)4 (2/7) days",
"B)1/ 8 days",
"C)2 (2/5) days",
"D)6 (3/ 8) days"
] | A | EXPLANATION:
Hint:
We are given that, A,B, & C together complete the work in 4 days.
We can write, (A+B+C) 's 1 day work = 1/4
Similarly, (A+B) 's 1 day work = 1/6 days & (B+C)'s 1 day work = 1/10
Since the work is divided in combination and we are asked to find out the combined work of (A + C), so we can find out,
(A ... |
medmcqa_1597 | medmcqa | <ctx>
types atm can build virtual circuits and virtual paths either statically or dynamically. static circuits ( permanent virtual circuits or pvcs ) or paths ( permanent virtual paths or pvps ) require that the circuit is composed of a series of segments, one for each pair of interfaces through which it passes. pvps a... | [
"Supracardiac",
"Cardiac",
"Infracardiac",
"Mixed"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' Supracardiac * Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is characterized by abnormal drainage of pulmonary veins into the right heart either by direct connection into the right atrium or into its tributaries.* According to the site or level of connection of the pulmonary veins to the systemic ven... |
aquarat_3630 | aquarat | <ctx>
sum of the digits of 6721 is 16. hint : there are 10 base cases, which can be checked easily with the right condition. access multimedia content ( https : / / openstax. org / books / introduction - python - programming / pages / 12 - 2 - simple - math - recursion )
##s, round up or down, whichever yields an even... | [
"A)24",
"B)54",
"C)60",
"D)84"
] | C | TOTAL PERMUTATIONS POSSIBLE = 18+16+14+12 = 60
ANSWER:C |
mmlu_aux_3106 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
of other objects in the sky, though varying thicknesses of cloud cover have differing effects. a very thin cirrus cloud in front of the moon might produce a rainbow - colored ring around the moon. stars and planets are too small or dim to take on this effect and are instead only dimmed ( often to the point of inv... | [
"your eyes are close to it",
"it reflects some of the sunlight",
"it has light of its own",
"your eyesight can get to it"
] | B | null |
qasc_7754 | qasc | <ctx>
in biology, evolution is the process of change in all forms of life over generations, and evolutionary biology is the study of how evolution occurs. biological populations evolve through genetic changes that correspond to changes in the organisms'observable traits. genetic changes include mutations, which are cau... | [
"Plants growth",
"by adaptation",
"vitalism",
"Plant reproduction"
] | B | |
aquarat_10252 | aquarat | <ctx>
strategy for ( b ) the efficiency can be calculated with since is given and work was found in the first part of this example. solution for ( b ) efficiency is given by :. the work was just found to be, and is given, so the efficiency is 15. 26 15. 27 15. 28 × × 15. 29 15. 30
stock under different stock valuation... | [
"A)1928",
"B)1900",
"C)1927",
"D)1919"
] | B | 65 * 6 : 84 * 5 : 100 * 3
26:28:20
C share = 74000 * 95/100 = 7030 * 20/74 => 1900
Answer: B |
medmcqa_1505 | medmcqa | <ctx>
loci for the majority of functionally distinct bmc types encode regulator proteins that can provide information about bmc function. pdu bmcs in salmonella enterica are induced by the presence of propanediol or glycerol under anaerobic conditions, and only propanediol under aerobic conditions. this induction is me... | [
"H. pylori",
"P. mirabilis",
"K. rhinomatis",
"Ureaplasma"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_8156 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
their cloacae in close proximity while facing in opposite directions and then release eggs and sperm simultaneously. the tailed frog ( ascaphus truei ) exhibits internal fertilisation. the " tail " is only possessed by the male and is an extension of the cloaca and used to inseminate the female. this frog lives i... | [
"in space",
"in fire",
"in ice",
"in their interiors"
] | D | null |
mmlu_aux_1803 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
an ac motor - generator, also having a permanent magnet rotor, used as the primary drive motor and as a generator ( alternator ), which regeneration power is directed to the high voltage battery. mg2 is generally the more powerful of the two motor - generators power electronics, including three dc - ac inverters ... | [
"They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.",
"They are much quieter than traditional cars.",
"They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.",
"They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones."
] | A | null |
mmlu_aux_1594 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
9. 3 • stoichiometry of gaseous substances, mixtures, and reactions 447 figure 9. 24 greenhouse gases trap enough of the sun ’ s energy to make the planet habitable — this is known as the greenhouse effect. human activities are increasing greenhouse gas levels, warming the planet and causing more extreme weather ... | [
"solar activity",
"volcanic activity",
"the Earth's going around the sun",
"human activity"
] | D | null |
arc_easy_1705 | arc_easy | <ctx>
their cloacae in close proximity while facing in opposite directions and then release eggs and sperm simultaneously. the tailed frog ( ascaphus truei ) exhibits internal fertilisation. the " tail " is only possessed by the male and is an extension of the cloaca and used to inseminate the female. this frog lives i... | [
"eyes",
"heart",
"lungs",
"tail"
] | C | |
medmcqa_2020 | medmcqa | <ctx>
resistance to current antimalarials. epidemiology p. knowlesi is the most common cause of malaria in malaysia, and cases of p. knowlesi malaria have been reported in most countries of southeast asia as well as travelers from the region. infection with p. knowlesi is associated with socioeconomic and lifestyle fac... | [
"Microabscess formation",
"Kupffer's cell hyperplasia with macrophage infiltration around periportal area laden with pigments.",
"Non caseating granuloma",
"Non specific finding of neutrophilic infiltratio"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Kupffer's cell hyperplasia with macrophage infiltration around periportal area laden with pigments * In severe infections with plasmodium falciparum, the vital organs are packed with erythrocytes containing mature form of the parasite.* There is abundant intra and extraerythrocytic pigment and organs s... |
pubmedqa_917 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
for prolonged periods is associated with higher mortality from breast cancer. the risk is not negated by regular exercise, though it is lowered. breast feeding reduces the risk of several types of cancers, including breast cancer. in the 1980s, the abortion – breast cancer hypothesis posited that induced abortion... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
medmcqa_48 | medmcqa | <ctx>
enzyme catalysis is the increase in the rate of a process by a biological molecule, an " enzyme ". most enzymes are proteins, and most such processes are chemical reactions. within the enzyme, generally catalysis occurs at a localized site, called the active site. most enzymes are made predominantly of proteins, ... | [
"NADP",
"NAD+",
"NADPH",
"FADH"
] | B | Ans : B (NAD+) & C (NADPH) In chronic alcoholism rate limiting component for alcohol metabolism is NAD* & NADPHOxidation of ethanol by alcohol dehydrogenaseQ & NADQ leads to excess production of NADHSome metabolism of ethanol takes place via a cytochrome P450 dependent microsomal ethanol oxidising systme (MEOS) Q invol... |
medmcqa_3805 | medmcqa | <ctx>
tonsils are fully removed, any bleeding that occurs at the back of the throat is stopped and the patient is woken up using medical drugs. then the breathing tubes are completely removed and the patient is moved to the post - anesthesia care unit to recover and wake up. recovery from surgery after the coblation to... | [
"Within 24 hours",
"After 2 weeks",
"5-10 post operative days",
"After a month"
] | C | After tonsillectomy primary haemorrhage occurs during surgery reactionary bleeding with in 24 hrs, secondary haemorrhage between 5-10 days Secondary haemorrhage is the result of sepsis and premature separation of the membrane Simple measures like removal of clots, application of adrenaline or hydrogen peroxide usually ... |
openbookqa_1903 | openbookqa | <ctx>
pingu nods his head. mother then comes in and tells father that she needs a new hat, so they go out to get one, and leave pingu and pinga alone at home again. pingu touches the control stick, and the parcel moves. pinga comes over to watch, as pingu pushes the stick on the remote control full forward. the parcel ... | [
"nearly an arm and a leg",
"the same number limbs",
"their left arms only",
"one right leg each"
] | B | |
aquarat_26961 | aquarat | <ctx>
themselves on a specific random numbering of the drawers, provided that the director does not overhear this or does not bother to respond by replacing numbers in the boxes before the prisoners are let in. one prisoner may make one change in the case that one prisoner may enter the room first, inspect all boxes, a... | [
"A)10 minutes.",
"B)12 minutes.",
"C)11 minutes.",
"D)13 minutes."
] | B | Solution:
12 minutes
Explanation:
Yes, surely they can all make it out of the cave.
First, father and mother will go. Time taken = 2 minutes.
Father comes back. Time taken = 2 + 1 = 3 minutes.
Both children go. Time taken = 3 + 5 = 8 minutes.
Mother comes back. Time taken = 8 + 2 = 10 minutes.
Mother and Father go. Tim... |
medmcqa_6302 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##hosis. proteomics clin appl. 2007 jun ; 1 ( 6 ) : 545 - 54. faria lc, gigou m, roque - afonso am, sebagh m, roche b, fallot g, ferrari tc, guettier c, dussaix e, castaing d, brechot c, samuel d. hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with an increased risk of hepatitis b virus recurrence after liver transplanta... | [
"Calretinin",
"Vimentin",
"Cytokeratin",
"GGT"
] | C | Cytokeratin |
openbookqa_943 | openbookqa | <ctx>
recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. this concept often includes the recovery of energy from waste materials. the recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in its original state. it is an alternative to " conventional " ... | [
"commodity",
"lubricant",
"revenue",
"treasure"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_2713 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
by firmly pinching the apical meristem ( s ) so as to substantially damage vascular and structural cells but without totally breaking the stem. this causes lower limbs to grow more rapidly while the pinched tissue heals, after which time the stem resumes apical dominance. hydroponics hydroponic cultivation genera... | [
"g-fiber cells on both sides of stem, forcing the stem to bend and coil",
"g-fiber cells on side of stem shrink, forcing the stem to bend and coil",
"g-fiber cells on the stem start to stretch, forcing the stem to bend and coil",
"there are more g-fiber cells on the stems"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_8180 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diseases. in addition, the overwhelming majority of disease - causing mutations in mendelian loci can be found within the coding region. with the goal of finding methods to best detect harmful mutations and successfully diagnose patients, researchers are looking to the exome for clues to aid in this process. whol... | [
"Renal Aery stenosis",
"Primary Hyperaldosteronism {Conn's syndrome}",
"Addison's disease",
"Cushing's syndrome"
] | A | Answer- A. Renal Aery stenosisThe association of High aldosterone and High Renin levels in a hypeensive patient with hypokalemia suggests a diagnosis ofSecondary Hyperaldosteronism of from Renal Aery Stenosis. |
openbookqa_903 | openbookqa | <ctx>
rule by executive decree. " murray energy v. epa. on june 25, 2014, morrisey and other attorneys general submitted an amicus brief in murray energy v. epa before the u. s. court of appeals, d. c. circuit this lawsuit was prematurely filed before epa had issued the final standards, which were not due until june 1,... | [
"web design course",
"hard drive manufacturer",
"math class",
"computer programming course"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_1765 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##ipient flightlessness of the extinct auckland islands merganser. wilson bulletin 101 : 410 – 435. 1990. evolutionary morphology of flightlessness in the auckland islands teal. condor 92 : 639 – 673. 1991. a phylogenetic analysis and classification of recent dabbling ducks ( tribe anatini ) based on comparative ... | [
"Its long beak.",
"Its eyes.",
"The nostrils.",
"Its tail"
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_5262 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
occasionally joining mixed - species foraging flocks. breeding on the malay peninsula, breeding in the banded broadbill usually takes place in the dry season following the east asian monsoon. the only recorded nest from myanmar was observed in tenasserim on 21 march. in peninsular malaysia, nests have been seen i... | [
"a good place",
"some trees",
"to sit on eggs",
"to make a bird net"
] | A | null |
medmcqa_7918 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is treated with granulocyte colony - stimulating factor in order to increase the number of stem cells and improve the harvest ; after that but prior to reinfusion, the person is treated with busulfan or melphalan to kill as many of the person's existing hscs to increase the chances of the new cells'survival. side... | [
"Insomnia.",
"Vomiting.",
"Hypertension.",
"Diarrhea."
] | A | These medications can cause diarrhea, vomiting, sepsis, back pain, neutropenia and hypertension. |
medmcqa_1720 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##brous sheath at the optic disc ; not known to cause any visual disorders ; visualized as a linear, gray structure anterior to the optic disc. due to pfv ’ s close resemblance with retinoblastoma in particular, conclusively identifying pfv through advanced medical imaging is timely and crucial for an accurate di... | [
"Central retinal aery occlusion",
"Central retinal vein occlusion",
"Macular choroiditis with infective endocarditis",
"Central serous retinopathy"
] | A | A i.e. Central retinal aery occlusion All the above can lead to sudden painless loss of vision, but Cherry-Red Spot is seen only in CRAO Sudden Painful Painless * Acute * Macular edema congestive * CRAO Q (central retinal aery (angle occlusion) closure) * CRVO Q (central retinal vein occlusion) glaucoma Q * Central ser... |
openbookqa_2337 | openbookqa | <ctx>
fortschr. zool. 25 : 283 - 293. 1974 on the evolution of habitat selection. pr. first international congress of ecology, pp. 401 – 404. 1998 articles on predation in encyclopedia of ecology and environmental management ( p. calow, ed. ) blackwell scientific publications ltd., oxford, england. 1 ) paradox of enric... | [
"sunrise",
"daylight",
"sleepy time",
"summer"
] | C |
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