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id stringlengths 40 40	title stringlengths 15 120	text stringlengths 41 3.14k	source stringclasses 2 values
e9f655d3b63d081ce73d4c2b6c020d59c6f2ebbf	gerard jacob kleywegt (born 5 june 1962, in	gerard jacob kleywegt (born 5 june 1962, in rozenburg) is a dutch x-ray crystallographer and the former team leader of the protein data bank in europe at the ebi; a member of the worldwide protein data bank.	wikipedia
22969e00d837b99bfdb793b063e9b5b4686a47a4	hamden bridge is a wooden covered bridge over	hamden bridge is a wooden covered bridge over the west branch of the delaware river in the hamlet of hamden in delaware county, new york. it was built in 1859, and is a single span, timber and plan framed bridge. it measures 128 feet long and 18 feet wide. a supporting center pier was added in 1940. it was listed on th...	wikipedia
6f976765f307fb13fb2a8cfcde6ff74332b260cf	hamden bridge is a wooden covered bridge over	hamden bridge is a wooden covered bridge over the west branch of the delaware river in the hamlet of hamden in delaware county, new york. it was built in 1859, and is a single span, timber and plan framed bridge. it measures 128 feet long and 18 feet wide. a supporting center pier was added in 1940.	wikipedia
04df05b8f1e426471d1e53919d19ea5a7bc08749	for decades he lectured in yerevan state university	for decades he lectured in yerevan state university (theoretical astrophysics, celestial mechanics) and in yerevan polytechnic institute (precise mechanics). he is also known as an original painter and for his essays on philosophy of science and art.	wikipedia
9a44d00af07adfb8a60fb5c474ec7a163389f7ae	he predicted magnetic fields in planetary nebulae in	he predicted magnetic fields in planetary nebulae in 1960s, which were actually discovered in 2005 (jordan, werner, o’toole). he authored theoretical papers on flare stars (predicted negative infrared flares), interstellar matter, binary stars. in 1990s he developed the theory of common chromospheres (roundchromes) of ...	wikipedia
e4114309be756598bbb077dab5442a1fff63d8ce	then he moved to design space orbital observatories,	then he moved to design space orbital observatories, both on board automatic probes and crewed spacecraft. ultraviolet telescope procyon was on board kosmos 309 in 1969, and x-ray telescope altair on board meteor 1–16 in 1974; both were launched from plesetsk cosmodrome. orion 1 space observatory (see orion 1 and orion...	wikipedia
d6fd58f405b13160780f2eae3f6daf310edf1521	in 1960s and early 1970s he directed the	in 1960s and early 1970s he directed the uv and x-ray observations of the sun via rocket astrophysical observatories k-2, k-3 and k-4 by means of ballistic rockets r-5; the first launch being on 15 february 1961 from kapustin yar military base in russia. his paper in comm. armenian acad. sciences, xliii, 28, 1966, “ a ...	wikipedia
9366c0334a6397bf994cf4b6e37244ade15b01ff	gurzadyan was born in 1922 in baghdad, to	gurzadyan was born in 1922 in baghdad, to parents that survived the armenian genocide. upon graduating from the hydrotechnical and constructional department of yerevan polytechnic institute in 1944, he became a graduate student of victor ambartsumian, who had just moved to armenia. being in ambartsumian’s founding team...	wikipedia
7506a76c37f7dc5f742547a264c8e28d87227dcd	grigor gurzadyan (armenian: Գրիգոր Գուրզադյան) (15 october 1922	grigor gurzadyan (armenian: Գրիգոր Գուրզադյան) (15 october 1922 – 22 february 2014) was an armenian astronomer, and pioneer of space astronomy.	wikipedia
2ffc3e6bde0a86e6a34d16ccdbf252e1ec62c9d0	ferronickel platinum is a very rarely occurring minerals	ferronickel platinum is a very rarely occurring minerals from the mineral class of elements (including natural alloys, intermetallic compounds, carbides, nitrides, phosphides and silicides) with the chemical composition pt2feni and thus is chemically seen as a natural alloy, more precisely an intermetallic compound of ...	wikipedia
dae40bb14b4ea34913b3fe3f09a4a011c4edd45a	other sites known to date (as of 2018)	other sites known to date (as of 2018) are the loma peguera open pit nickel mine about 11 km northeast of bonao in the dominican republic, the bir bir river in the ethiopian region of oromia, the ophiolithe on Île ouen in the municipality of le mont-dore in new caledonia, the bushveld complex in south africa and an uns...	wikipedia
33dfda145bacf5bda04803905b18e19dbb3e30ec	in russia they found ferronickel platinum out of	in russia they found ferronickel platinum out of the river pekulnei still in koriak-kamchatka - folding zone in the far east and in kytlym complex and at the nearby platinum mine gosshakhta in the sverdlovsk oblast in the urals.	wikipedia
44385223fd7220d9ee146674828839ff4c3bb363	at its type locality on the pekulnei river,	at its type locality on the pekulnei river, the mineral was found in the heavy mineral concentrates of quaternary, alluvial deposits together with ultramafites in an ophiolite band. cherepanovite, chromite, cooperite, hollingworthite, irarsite, isoferroplatinum, laurite, olivine, rutheniridosmin, sperrylite and tetrafe...	wikipedia
9124bfbb6848e7602a66a50104dc3c39a2d6f5b0	ferronickel platinum crystallizes tetragonally in the space group	ferronickel platinum crystallizes tetragonally in the space group p4/mmm (space group no. 123) with the lattice parameters a = 2.73 Å and c = 3.64 Å and one formula unit per unit cell.	wikipedia
33a4cc7de134c1351a10c4ac31b76ef3544ab930	on the basis of six grains in a	on the basis of six grains in a polished area, the analysis with the aid of the electron microprobe showed the chemical composition of 75.7–77.6% platinum, 10.4–11.0% iron, 10.2–11.7% nickel, 0, 27-0.69% iridium and 0.33-0.36 copper (98.41-100.76% in total), which corresponds to an empirical composition of (pt ir)fe (n...	wikipedia
a1fbffc3266ac0a58cc0c740e19eb66da5d3b008	the systematics of minerals according to dana, which	the systematics of minerals according to dana, which is mainly used in the english-speaking world, also assigns ferronickel platinum to the class and there in the department of the same name of "elements". here it is also together with tetraferroplatinum, tulameenite and potarite in the " tetraferroplatinum group (spac...	wikipedia
6b949305e780da42e8304ddf0675608c77497f36	the 9th edition of strunz's mineral systematics, which	the 9th edition of strunz's mineral systematics, which has been in effect since 2001 and is used by the ima, also assigns isoferroplatinum to the “ metals and intermetallic compounds ” section. however, this is further subdivided according to the predominant metals in the compound, which have been divided into metal fa...	wikipedia
d53fff59853aa956a29a113ae76b63c243fa5674	as per 8th edition of the mineral classification	as per 8th edition of the mineral classification by strunz of ferronickel platinum belonged to the mineral class of " elements " and then to the department of "metals and intermetallic alloys (semimetals)" where he collaborated with chengdeit, isoferroplatin, nielsenit, tetraferroplatinum and tulameenite formed the unn...	wikipedia
84222540a99b7bf9981c503a85bded779772f1e8	the mineral description and chosen name were submitted	the mineral description and chosen name were submitted to the international mineralogical association (ima) for examination in 1982 (internal register no. 1982-071). this recognized the mineral as independent in the same year. the publication of the new discovery followed the following year in the russian scientific ma...	wikipedia
0874a8d3034bd65c1bb439336f9511a3d6538b92	ferronickel platinum was discovered for the first time	ferronickel platinum was discovered for the first time in a soap deposit on the pekulney river in the pekulney mountains of the same name in the chukotka autonomous okrug belonging to russia. the mineral was described by n. s. rudashevsky, a. g. mochalov, yu. p. men'shikov and n. i. shumskaya, who named it based on its...	wikipedia
7d88606d92002364d11cec013e4c0993966da0b0	ferronickel platinum crystallizes in the tetragonal crystal system,	ferronickel platinum crystallizes in the tetragonal crystal system, but has so far only been found in microcrystalline form. ferronickel platinum occurs together with other platinum group minerals as irregular, slightly rounded or grape-like grains of up to 4.5 millimetres (180 mils) in size, with the mono-mineral area...	wikipedia
4b8c191f651efa5ea5d32d08b964af6631b9ff05	ferronickel platinum is a very rarely occurring minerals	ferronickel platinum is a very rarely occurring minerals from the mineral class of elements (including natural alloys, intermetallic compounds, carbides, nitrides, phosphides and silicides) with the chemical composition pt feni and thus is chemically seen as a natural alloy, more precisely an intermetallic compound of ...	wikipedia
fa970400ae52bb8d4eccea5e5d265cae64d16569	field station la gamba, in the “rainforest of	field station la gamba, in the “rainforest of the austrians” in costa rica, is an austrian research, teaching and continuing-education institution, whose mission is to contribute to research on tropical rainforests, to generate interest in conservation and in rainforest research, and to give interested persons an oppor...	wikipedia
bc25e45b685b2386e59220a6f1ccf3c7003e3d24	field station la gamba, in the “rainforest of	cutters were trained as national park rangers and conservationists. at first, the station was staffed predominantly by ara members and was managed in conjunction with the university of vienna. by 2002, the station had grown significantly and gained much notoriety, while the ara wanted to refocus on its core mission of ...	wikipedia
35e18708d55e0639e5509483ec074ad44624a753	as of july 2007, field station la gamba	as of july 2007, field station la gamba is a recognized service tour with the austrian service abroad (Österreichischer auslandsdienst). a 10-month tour with the austrian service abroad may be served in lieu of nine months of service in the austrian zivildienst (national civilian service), itself an alternative to mili...	wikipedia
2f9ddad5a199f805509260ed988a87e8fc0b541f	at first, the station was staffed predominantly by	at first, the station was staffed predominantly by ara members and was managed in conjunction with the university of vienna. by 2002, the station had grown significantly and gained much notoriety, while the ara wanted to refocus on its core mission of saving the forest; therefore, the “field station la gamba foundation...	wikipedia
4ff5a32096994488d2eca4918a5312ec5663ca5e	field station la gamba is an important vehicle	field station la gamba is an important vehicle for the conservation of the esquinas forest, one of the last rainforests still under conservation in the lowlands of the central american pacific coast. it offers students, scientists and others, an excellent base for biological research and for learning about nature. a th...	wikipedia
39e0a4979884cbc6bd98d1f731533f8cc16a61ce	field station la gamba is situated in southern	field station la gamba is situated in southern costa rica, on the edge of the parque nacional piedras blancas (“white stones” national park, formerly known as “esquinas national park,” previously known simply as “section ii,” an extension of corcovado national park). yet another name for piedras blancas is “ rainforest...	wikipedia
bebcddfc0ca404beb55843ef8f37755993fcfedb	field station la gamba, in the “rainforest of	field station la gamba, in the “rainforest of the austrians” in costa rica, is an austrian research, teaching and continuing-education institution, whose mission is to contribute to research on tropical rainforests, to generate interest in conservation and in rainforest research, and to give interested persons an oppor...	wikipedia
2539cb12912898289de6950ea15da470a6a336c4	karel johan gustav hartlaub was a german physician	karel johan gustav hartlaub was a german physician and ornithologist. hartlaub was born in bremen, and studied at bonn and berlin before graduating in medicine at göttingen. in 1840, he began to study and collect exotic birds, which he donated to the bremen natural history museum. he described some of these species for...	wikipedia
83f7eef4691a3538c5201ae5dbb7a3ce3769eba7	hartlaub was born in bremen, and studied at	hartlaub was born in bremen, and studied at bonn and berlin before graduating in medicine at göttingen. in 1840, he began to study and collect exotic birds, which he donated to the bremen natural history museum. he described some of these species for the first time. in 1852, he set up a new journal with jean cabanis, t...	wikipedia
da7ebc8bc4d7e4f502568514f26fef8b1fef6ad8	elvet bridge is a medieval masonry arch bridge	elvet bridge is a medieval masonry arch bridge across the river wear in the city of durham, in county durham, england. it links the peninsula in central durham and the elvet area of the city, and is a grade i listed building.	wikipedia
4148c2ff3b28c91666b4609f42bdc41aa3b79ba0	the chapel on the eastern, elvet, side of	the chapel on the eastern, elvet, side of the bridge has partially survived and is particularly visible from the riverbanks to the south. a number of buildings incorporate part of the bridge, and 18 elvet bridge is also grade i listed as a result.	wikipedia
967615339fdec98715dea5148cdd247f07d71f90	in the middle ages elvet bridge was guarded	in the middle ages elvet bridge was guarded by a gate and towers, and there was a number of buildings on the bridge. they included a chapel at either end: st james' at the western end and st andrew's on a pier at the eastern end. st andrew's may have been the larger of the two, as an inventory compiled in 1549 in the e...	wikipedia
466329c331594b1516a56734d324ba284fcd8402	the bridge was repaired extensively in the time	the bridge was repaired extensively in the time of bishop foxe between 1495 and 1501, and again in 1601. a flood in 1771 badly damaged the bridge and the three central arches were renewed. the bridge was 15 feet (4.6 m) wide until 1804–05, when it was widened by 18 feet (5.5 m) on its upstream (northern) side.	wikipedia
ae9303df75d3a23881479766d9d2b091384d1dcf	the bridge has 10 visible arches, but there	the bridge has 10 visible arches, but there is some dispute over how many arches exist in total. the early 16th-century antiquary john leland believed there were 14 arches, but this has never been proven. the river flows through four full arches – the remaining are dry or partly so. the early 19th-century antiquary rob...	wikipedia
2cc7c5555b162da662352234cd5db8afe80cc495	building of the bridge began in ad 1160	building of the bridge began in ad 1160 in the time of bishop hugh de puiset (1153–95). de puiset, also known as "bishop pudsey" was a powerful prince bishop who instigated a significant amount of building work in northern england. a key reason for building the bridge was the urban development taking place in what was ...	wikipedia
da7ebc8bc4d7e4f502568514f26fef8b1fef6ad8	elvet bridge is a medieval masonry arch bridge	elvet bridge is a medieval masonry arch bridge across the river wear in the city of durham, in county durham, england. it links the peninsula in central durham and the elvet area of the city, and is a grade i listed building.	wikipedia
2b57070e5bb715ba3a54bf90ac906581970e4069	on 29 january 2017, alivodić made his international	on 29 january 2017, alivodić made his international debut for serbia, coming on as a second-half substitute for saša jovanović in a goalless draw against the united states in san diego. he thus became the oldest player to make his debut for serbia at 32 years, one month, and two days.	wikipedia
59a60e04cf2474c34dccc960b3e1f447fe555178	after the retirement, alivodić moved to denmark with	after the retirement, alivodić moved to denmark with his family, because his wife and children had danish passports, since his wife was raised in the country. in 2020, alivodić played for danish amateur club horsens fs, while he moved to another danish amateur club, horsens united, in march 2021.	wikipedia