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1cc0f4811dbf64a570275f907c60619a279c46aa | gheissari, ali (2013). “the u.s. coup of 1953 | gheissari, ali (2013). “the u.s. coup of 1953 in iran, sixty years on,” passport, the society for historians of american foreign relations review, 44/2, september 2013, pp. 23-26. https://shafr.org/sites/default/files/passport-09-2013_1.pdf | wikipedia |
6eeb5d5a9a0d6a13a581b2b227c70db852ce8018 | gheissari, ali (2015). “ khatt va rabt: the | gheissari, ali (2015). “ khatt va rabt: the significance of private papers for qajar historiography,” gingko library, news blog, originally posted on 5 august 2015. https://www.gingko.org.uk/essays/khatt-va-rabt-significance-private-papers-qajar-historiography/ archived 2021-09-09 at the wayback machine | wikipedia |
a30db62327202bb9dd17c51fb4ff41a75b8bd244 | gheissari, ali (2016). “constitutional revolution in iran.” encyclopedia | gheissari, ali (2016). “constitutional revolution in iran.” encyclopedia of islam and the muslim world, 2nd edition, editor-in-chief: richard c. martin, new york, ny: macmillan reference, 2016, pp. 253-256. | wikipedia |
1b7e458a71b49aa2c4f0963d1ecc2e3e69765f18 | gheissari, ali (2016). “authorial voices and the sense | gheissari, ali (2016). “authorial voices and the sense of an ending in persian diaries: notes on eʿtemād al-saltaneh and ʿalam,” iranian studies, 49/4, july 2016, pp. 693-723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2016.1142285 | wikipedia |
29e3884533a6fec60936c031eef1ca76fb885599 | gheissari, ali (2016). “iran's dialectic of enlightenment: constitutional | gheissari, ali (2016). “iran's dialectic of enlightenment: constitutional experience, transregional connections, and conflicting narratives of modernity,” in ali m. ansari (ed.), iran's constitutional revolution of 1906 and narratives of the enlightenment, university of chicago press (distributed for gingko library), 2016, pp. 15-47. http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/i/bo25077599.html | wikipedia |
5281202f11f4636f15b02fe9024df767798fe0bd | gheissari, ali (2019). “in memoriam: ehsan yarshater (3 | gheissari, ali (2019). “in memoriam: ehsan yarshater (3 april 1920-2 september 2018): doyen of iranian studies,” iranian studies, 52/1-2, 2019, pp. 283-286. https://doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2019.1576459 | wikipedia |
faf571281509732a73ef67394fa0f4751f9586f3 | gheissari, ali (2020). “in memoriam: khalil mostowfi (b. | gheissari, ali (2020). “in memoriam: khalil mostowfi (b. tabriz, 1941 – d. tehran, 20 february 2020): bookseller, assessor of manuscripts, lithographs, and rare titles in iranian studies,” iranian studies, 53/3-4, 2020, pp. 685–690. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00210862.2020.1770570 | wikipedia |
7b36a599c94aeb4d4ad91842eb1b5b78effe6c76 | gheissari, ali (2006).; nasr, vali (2006). democracy in | gheissari, ali (2006).; nasr, vali (2006). democracy in iran: history and the quest for liberty. oxford university press. isbn 978-0-19-804087-3. | wikipedia |
150de9898ce368111ba186016682fe0a40a93402 | gheissari, ali (2008). (ed.) tabriz and rasht in | gheissari, ali (2008). (ed.) tabriz and rasht in the iranian constitutional revolution, 1906-1911: memoirs of hājj mohammad-taqi jourābchi (harfi az hezārān ke-andar ʿebārat Āmad), complete text with additions, edited with an introduction by ali gheissari, tehran: nashr-e tārikh-e iran, (363 pp). https://www.gisoom.com/book/1474075/ | wikipedia |
74834653cdc8f118c43d953c9716e8ed61df35c2 | gheissari, ali (2009). (ed.) contemporary iran: economy, society, | gheissari, ali (2009). (ed.) contemporary iran: economy, society, politics. oxford university press. isbn 978-0-19-537849-8. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/contemporary-iran-9780195378498?cc=us&lang=en&# | wikipedia |
0f5165102701f5added700d3be209a1592434140 | gheissari, ali (2018).; walbridge, john; alwishah, ahmed (2017) | gheissari, ali (2018).; walbridge, john; alwishah, ahmed (2017) (eds.) illuminationist texts and textual studies: essays in memory of hossein ziai. brill. isbn 978-90-04-35658-0. | wikipedia |
9879141080a3aaf6528147c6838bd243f55c2fe3 | gheissari, ali (2019). (ed.) majalleh-ye estebdād (journal of | gheissari, ali (2019). (ed.) majalleh-ye estebdād (journal of despotism), complete set of a rare satirical periodical published in 1907-1908, during the iranian constitutional revolution, edited with an introduction and additions by ali gheissari, tehran: nashr-e tārikh-e iran, 2019, 744pp. | wikipedia |
26d8253ed3a2bbbb62203ac682b9cd91166fef1f | gheissari, ali (2019). (ed.) fruits of gardens by | gheissari, ali (2019). (ed.) fruits of gardens by hājj mirzā mohammad tehrāni: a philosophical miscellany in arabic and persian in late qajar iran, c. 1914 (fawāka al-basātin: montakhabāti falsafi, eʿteqādi, revāʾi dar avākher-e qājāriyeh, asar-e hājj mirzā mohammad tehrāni), complete arabic and persian text, in collaboration with ali-reza abāzari, with an introduction by ali gheissari, qom: nashr-e movarrekh, 2019, 431pp. | wikipedia |
055642f87bdde7f0f9d1a213ce1331f83d1d9cf6 | gheissari. ali (2020). (ed.) the american college of | gheissari. ali (2020). (ed.) the american college of tehran: a memorial album, 1932, prepared by morteza gheissari, edited with an introduction and notes by ali gheissari, irvine, ca: university of california, irvine (uci), jordan center for persian studies, 466pp. https://www.amazon.com/american-college-tehran-memorial-persian/dp/1949743225 | wikipedia |
53b060400dab904359f47205ee54fefa5b4904bb | gheissari, ali (2021). “recollections of the risbāf complex | gheissari, ali (2021). “recollections of the risbāf complex in qom” (“yādi-az majmuʿeh-ye risbāf-e qom”), in sad-sālegi-ye howzeh-ye qom (the centennial of the seminary center in qom), ed. rasul jaʿfariān, qom: nashr-e movarrekh, 1400 (2021), pp. 575-622. | wikipedia |
f600b203558cd65aa6be0e4e47f20bb36ea2e7ba | gheissari, ali (2021). “ resāle, maqāle, and ketāb: | gheissari, ali (2021). “ resāle, maqāle, and ketāb: an overview of persian expository and analytical prose,” in ehsan yarshater (founding editor), a history of persian literature, volume v: persian prose, edited by bo utas, london: i. b. tauris / bloomsbury, 2021, pp. 146-216. https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/persian-prose-9781845119065/ | wikipedia |
e557f11dc6ee1d74b89dd6913521f6ddd2e692e3 | ali gheissari (born 1954) is an iranian historian | ali gheissari (born 1954) is an iranian historian and sociologist. he is research associate of history at the university of san diego and has research interest in the intellectual history of modern iran and in modern philosophy and social theory. he has been visiting professor of religious studies at brown university, iranian studies at st. antony's college, oxford, and history of modern iran at the university of california, irvine. he is known for his works on the intellectual history and politics of modern iran. he is on the editorial board of iran studies book series published by brill, and has served as the editor-in-chief of the journal iranian studies. | wikipedia |
1e0713b5fdd7aff8f070e449445b7fa00a4e24c7 | adrian kent is a british theoretical physicist, professor | adrian kent is a british theoretical physicist, professor of quantum physics at the university of cambridge, member of the centre for quantum information and foundations, and distinguished visiting research chair at the perimeter institute for theoretical physics. his research areas are the foundations of quantum theory, quantum information science and quantum cryptography. he is known as the inventor of relativistic quantum cryptography. in 1999 he published the first unconditionally secure protocols for bit commitment and coin tossing, which were also the first relativistic cryptographic protocols. he is a co-inventor of quantum tagging, or quantum position authentication, providing the first schemes for position-based quantum cryptography. in 2005 he published with lucien hardy and jonathan barrett the first security proof of quantum key distribution based on the no-signalling principle. | wikipedia |
c4a75fa5d5f342ef7cc8142fea619f89cf329c18 | kent is a member of the advisory panel | kent is a member of the advisory panel for the cambridge centre for the study of existential risk. he has discussed the mathematics of risk assessments for global catastrophes. he has proposed a solution to fermi’s paradox, hypothesizing that various intelligent extra-terrestrial civilizations have existed, interacted and competed for resources, and have evolved to avoid advertising their existence. | wikipedia |
7c652fd5087bba355bb6c8d99c69c3d8a954a24b | kent is a critic of the many-worlds interpretation | kent is a critic of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, as well as the consistent histories interpretation. he has outlined a solution to the quantum reality problem, also called the quantum measurement problem, that is consistent with relativistic quantum theory, proposing that physical reality is described by a randomly chosen configuration of physical quantities (or beables) like the stress–energy tensor, whose sample space is mathematically well defined and respects lorentzian symmetry. he has proposed causal quantum theory as an extension of quantum theory, according to which local causality holds and the reduction of the quantum state is a well-defined physical process, claiming that current bell-type experiments have not completely ruled out this theory. he discovered the no-summoning theorem, which extends the no-cloning theorem of quantum information to minkowski spacetime. | wikipedia |
1a75b816d4cce551f92f0d04b5bde66c7c714812 | he published with lucien hardy and jonathan barrett | he published with lucien hardy and jonathan barrett the first security proof for quantum key distribution based on the no-signalling principle, where two parties can generate a secure secret key even if their devices are not trusted and they are not described by quantum theory, as long as they satisfy the no-signalling principle. with roger colbeck, he invented quantum randomness expansion, a task where an initial private random string is expanded into a larger private random string. | wikipedia |
4adaed8b04580fba563d8246638c6b31f9693959 | kent is inventor of the field of relativistic | kent is inventor of the field of relativistic quantum cryptography, where security of the cryptographic tasks is guaranteed from the properties of quantum information and from the relativistic physical principle stating that information cannot travel faster than the speed of light (no-signalling). in 1999 he published the first unconditionally secure protocols for bit commitment and strong coin tossing, relativistic protocols that evade no-go theorem by mayers, lo and chau, and by lo and chau, respectively. he is a co-inventor of quantum tagging, or quantum position authentication, where the properties of quantum information and the no-signalling principle are used to authenticate the location of an object. | wikipedia |
fcb1c1d012e65fa8640ac02098d9592fc4a90f6b | kent's early contributions to physics were on topics | kent's early contributions to physics were on topics related to conformal field theory. together with peter goddard and david olive, he devised the coset construction that classifies the unitary highest weight representations of the virasoro algebra, and he described the virasoro algebra's singular vectors. in addition, he investigated the representation theory of n = 2 {\displaystyle n=2} superconformal algebras. | wikipedia |
1e0713b5fdd7aff8f070e449445b7fa00a4e24c7 | adrian kent is a british theoretical physicist, professor | adrian kent is a british theoretical physicist, professor of quantum physics at the university of cambridge, member of the centre for quantum information and foundations, and distinguished visiting research chair at the perimeter institute for theoretical physics. his research areas are the foundations of quantum theory, quantum information science and quantum cryptography. he is known as the inventor of relativistic quantum cryptography. in 1999 he published the first unconditionally secure protocols for bit commitment and coin tossing, which were also the first relativistic cryptographic protocols. he is a co-inventor of quantum tagging, or quantum position authentication, providing the first schemes for position-based quantum cryptography. in 2005 he published with lucien hardy and jonathan barrett the first security proof of quantum key distribution based on the no-signalling principle. | wikipedia |
1b5e78ef65082dfa3f0ec3ab3fd3b9799f8c09bb | the annales wormatienses is an anonymous latin chronicle | the annales wormatienses is an anonymous latin chronicle of the city of worms for the years 1226–1278. it is a civic history, a relatively new genre in german kingdom at the time. it may be the earliest german example of the type, which originated in italian kingdom in the 11th century. the goal of such local histories was justify the city's autonomy and self-government. in the case of worms, independence from the bishop of worms and the status of a free city within the holy roman empire. the surviving annales is fragmentary. the original probably extended from the 4th century, when the city was christianized, until 1283 and the death of bishop frederick i. it was written in the late 13th century. as it stands, it begins with the establishment of the free city in 1226, against the opposition of bishop henry ii. the author was probably a layman who sat on the municipal council. he made extensive use of the municipal archives. he presents the wormsers as a unified community seeking to uphold their rights. he presents the jews as an integral part of this community. although they fight constantly for the rights, the wormsers are also portrayed as loyal to the empire in its contest with the papacy. the annales can be roughly divided into three sections. the first concerns the contest between the city and the bishopric. the second concerns the wars between kings frederick ii and conrad iv and the papacy between 1227 and 1254, in which the city took the side of the kings. the third concerns the great interregnum following the death of king william in 1256, a period during which worms established its own "foreign policy". the last two sections are exceptionally valuable sources for understanding the military resources of the city. the annales has a complicated manuscript and publication history. the work edited under the title annales wormatienses in the monumenta germaniae historica combines the annales proper and the chronicon wormatiense. the definitive edition was published by heinrich boos in 1893. there is an english translation by david bachrach. | wikipedia |
04e4b387e56265dd1f328acfbc57b0c05d98590d | the annales wormatienses is an anonymous latin chronicle | . the work edited under the title annales wormatienses in the monumenta germaniae historica combines the annales proper and the chronicon wormatiense. the definitive edition was published by heinrich boos in 1893. there is an english translation by david bachrach. | wikipedia |
9ed9230a01f4d6b4c6859835b3de171e421e2cc0 | on the octave of st. john the baptist | on the octave of st. john the baptist 1260, the citizens of worms advanced with numerous territorial lords to destroy that den of thieves, alzey. this expedition cost the citizens of worms more than 1,000 marks. the jews provided a subsidy of 400 pounds of the money of halle to this enterprise in july.... all of the men of worms were there as a powerful force with their battle flag and their battle wagon. they undertook very heavy expenses on account of their engines, their equipment, and their archers. they also brought considerable quantities of food from worms. during the siege, the old steward werner was captured along with two of his knights. the men of worms presented the knights and the steward to lord e the count of leiningen, who led him off to leiningen and received 400 marks from him. lord philip of hohenfels was the only one in alzey to help the people there with his men against all of the lords of the province. soon afterward the matter was settled through the mediating efforts of bishop werner of mainz. the lords and the cities were permitted to destroy the walls and moat around alzey. | wikipedia |
e4a4f7ef544c5347a7e9a2d890b8a5fdca7b687d | the annales has a complicated manuscript and publication | the annales has a complicated manuscript and publication history. the work edited under the title annales wormatienses in the monumenta germaniae historica combines the annales proper and the chronicon wormatiense. the definitive edition was published by heinrich boos in 1893. there is an english translation by david bachrach. | wikipedia |
7fa8999fad5cdaeb0b12dafeff517b1c4d2af292 | the author was probably a layman who sat | the author was probably a layman who sat on the municipal council. he made extensive use of the municipal archives. he presents the wormsers as a unified community seeking to uphold their rights. he presents the jews as an integral part of this community. although they fight constantly for the rights, the wormsers are also portrayed as loyal to the empire in its contest with the papacy. the annales can be roughly divided into three sections. the first concerns the contest between the city and the bishopric. the second concerns the wars between kings frederick ii and conrad iv and the papacy between 1227 and 1254, in which the city took the side of the kings. the third concerns the great interregnum following the death of king william in 1256, a period during which worms established its own "foreign policy". the last two sections are exceptionally valuable sources for understanding the military resources of the city. | wikipedia |
29fa1c3ab1ae22edb56c8e956a2a6b22f5b07f23 | the surviving annales is fragmentary. the original probably | the surviving annales is fragmentary. the original probably extended from the 4th century, when the city was christianized, until 1283 and the death of bishop frederick i. it was written in the late 13th century. as it stands, it begins with the establishment of the free city in 1226, against the opposition of bishop henry ii. | wikipedia |
2e23e2013dbfa4112ac7049fa23dd9689e5adbb9 | the annales wormatienses (or annals of worms, german: | the annales wormatienses (or annals of worms, german: wormser annalen) is an anonymous latin chronicle of the city of worms for the years 1226–1278. it is a civic history, a relatively new genre in german kingdom at the time. it may be the earliest german example of the type, which originated in italian kingdom in the 11th century. the goal of such local histories was justify the city's autonomy and self-government. in the case of worms, independence from the bishop of worms and the status of a free city within the holy roman empire. | wikipedia |
9bd163ceae3605e3c9ae0cd734b1053d57cb0a5c | antrafenine (stakane) is a phenylpiperazine derivative drug invented | antrafenine (stakane) is a phenylpiperazine derivative drug invented in 1979. it acts as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug with similar efficacy to naproxen, but is not widely used as it has largely been replaced by newer drugs. | wikipedia |
99d5fc3a06618d9a522944b3cf668fccdb85752d | method e: the reaction between 2--1-piperazinyl]ethanol (1) and | method e: the reaction between 2--1-piperazinyl]ethanol (1) and isatoic anhydride (2) goes on to give 4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazine-1-ethyl 2-aminobenzoate (3). | wikipedia |
9bd163ceae3605e3c9ae0cd734b1053d57cb0a5c | antrafenine (stakane) is a phenylpiperazine derivative drug invented | antrafenine (stakane) is a phenylpiperazine derivative drug invented in 1979. it acts as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug with similar efficacy to naproxen, but is not widely used as it has largely been replaced by newer drugs. | wikipedia |
b429b751cb0daa8db6bb92868a41f8738416c456 | andrew berry is a british evolutionary biologist and | andrew berry is a british evolutionary biologist and historian of science with a particular interest in alfred russel wallace. previously, he was a junior fellow at the harvard society of fellows and he is currently a lecturer in organismic and evolutionary biology at harvard university. | wikipedia |
ecac7777d909f9b5f3ba9d28eac7f6e4ce856c17 | berry has worked on the script development for | berry has worked on the script development for several major tv shows: race, the power of an illusion in 2003 by pbs, the 5-part channel 4 dna, and nova 's lord of the ants. in 2013, along with george beccaloni, curator with a special interest in orthopteroidea and the alfred russel wallace collections at the natural history museum, london, berry narrated a short animated film for the new york times to celebrate the alfred russel wallace's centenary. | wikipedia |
611205ae28285fe5766a760727e8bfd04ba6f525 | berry's research combined field and laboratory methods to | berry's research combined field and laboratory methods to detect positive darwinian selection (i.e. adaptive evolution) at the molecular level in natural populations. in addition to technical articles, he has published in the london review of books, slate, and elsewhere. he has published two books: infinite tropics: an alfred russel wallace anthology, 2003, with a foreword written by stephen jay gould, and dna: the secret of life with james watson, 2003. in addition to lecturing at harvard, he also leads a harvard summer study abroad program at queen's college, oxford on the history of evolutionary biology and on current ideas in the field. he teaches evolutionary biology regularly at sabancı university in istanbul, turkey, and is accordingly targeted by turkish creationist organizations. | wikipedia |
3dfb711665195cdac3b006cdc7256f152cec4302 | andrew berry was born in 1963 in london. | andrew berry was born in 1963 in london. his father is biologist r. j. berry. he was educated at shrewsbury school and then studied zoology at st john's college, oxford. he did his phd under martin kreitman in evolutionary genetics at princeton university. at harvard, he did post-doctoral work in richard lewontin 's lab. | wikipedia |
212f6844018d2e047ca8e88ebf39548d46707fd2 | andrew berry (born 1963) is a british evolutionary | andrew berry (born 1963) is a british evolutionary biologist and historian of science with a particular interest in alfred russel wallace. previously, he was a junior fellow at the harvard society of fellows and he is currently a lecturer in organismic and evolutionary biology at harvard university. | wikipedia |
7c04a9f7153c07ddca4d514d8d46399be4708ede | anjulie is the debut studio album by the | anjulie is the debut studio album by the canadian recording artist anjulie, released by starbucks record label hear music on august 4, 2009, in canada and the united states. it was produced by john burk, jon levine, the transcenders and colin wolfe and reached number two on the us billboard heatseekers albums chart. the album received generally positive reviews from critics, with allmusic noting that "while the record's not without its rough patches, dully derivative moments, and false notes, anjulie is quite impressive as an opening salvo from a talented musical collagist whose minor flurry of hype is well-warranted." | wikipedia |
380656117e6b54ff0a3316f124e5276a471c6310 | the album received generally positive reviews from critics, | the album received generally positive reviews from critics, with allmusic noting that "while the record's not without its rough patches, dully derivative moments, and false notes, anjulie is quite impressive as an opening salvo from a talented musical collagist whose minor flurry of hype is well-warranted." | wikipedia |
708ac3eec868549ec44e0f744ca0f4da5249aa8e | anjulie is the debut studio album by the | anjulie is the debut studio album by the canadian recording artist anjulie, released by starbucks record label hear music on august 4, 2009, in canada and the united states. it was produced by john burk, jon levine, the transcenders and colin wolfe and reached number two on the us billboard heatseekers albums chart. | wikipedia |
bf4ccd15160e010d35235fd9b7c2c26ced0764f4 | andy johnson-laird is an english-american computer scientist. he | andy johnson-laird is an english-american computer scientist. he was the president of digital forensics firm johnson-laird inc. in portland, oregon, where he lived with his wife, kay kitagawa. | wikipedia |
6008739b1d1132d01ae1d5a893d0c0c16cedb202 | johnson-laird is a photographer and a documentary film | johnson-laird is a photographer and a documentary film maker. in 2005 he implemented a variant of a technique known as streak photography, that used computer software to create computer-generated images. his techniques of computational photography create photographs that are compositions of color and line that appear realistic, but are not. in 2010, in collaboration with kay kitagawa and dina gomez, johnson-laird directed, produced, and edited "emma: unplugged," a 90-minute documentary of the 2010 emma international collaboration, an artists' retreat in the saskatchewan boreal forest hosted by the saskatchewan craft council. he has also directed, produced, and edited other video projects. | wikipedia |
a26c701edd60243a7059f9383c35c1d0e68c187f | because of johnson-laird's experience with writing the software | because of johnson-laird's experience with writing the software drivers for the basic input/output system (bios) for various microcomputers, john katsaros of digital research engaged him to create bios drivers for cp/m-86 for the first ibm personal computer. working in conditions of considerable ibm-imposed secrecy in digital research's pacific grove offices, johnson-laird discovered a microsoft employee's name, bob o'rear, in the boot sector of the pc dos diskette. he reported this and the numerous similarities in the application programming interface of pc dos and cp/m to gary kildall. kildall was stunned to see the similarities. "there were some shallow changes, but it was essentially the same program," johnson-laird reported in an interview with businessweek. it later turned out that microsoft had licensed a program called 86-dos from seattle computer products. tim paterson had created 86-dos, which he originally called qdos, by copying the functional application programming interface from the cp/m manuals. 86-dos became microsoft's ms-dos and ibm 's pc dos. | wikipedia |
b2a90a628006410cdf04930751fb2b9fd272e8b7 | in 1994, the honorable marvin j. garbis, in | in 1994, the honorable marvin j. garbis, in the u.s. district court for the district of maryland appointed johnson-laird as a court-appointed expert in the matter of vaughn v. amprey, civil action no. mjg-84-1911. additionally, in 2007 johnson-laird was appointed as special master by judge stephen v. wilson, central district of california, in the mgm studios, inc. v. grokster, ltd. case. his appointment on remand encompassed recommending appropriate actions to impose by permanent injunction on defendant streamcast that would "cope with the copyright infringement" caused by peer-to-peer file sharing systems, while "preserving non-infringing uses" of the system. in 2010, he was appointed special master in datasci v. medidata, a case before the honorable marvin j. garbis, in the u.s. district court for the district of maryland. his role was to resolve discovery disputes relating to the production of computer source code. | wikipedia |
eab11344384dcf478afaeff5f410cd851e50f7ae | in addition to serving as a technical expert | in addition to serving as a technical expert in high-profile and significant litigation, johnson-laird's published writings have been cited by the united states court of appeals for the ninth circuit, first in sega enterprises ltd., v. accolade inc., no. 92-15665, d. c. no. cv-91-3871-bac, as authority for practical necessity to make intermediary copies to understand protected expression in software. later the court cited johnson-laird's article "software reverse engineering in the real world," university of dayton law review, volume 19, november 3, spring 1994, in the case sony v. connectix, no. 99-15852, d.c. no. cv-99-00390-cal, as authority for the need to reverse engineer when developing compatible products and therefore the intermediary copies created in such reverse engineering should be considered fair use under u.s. copyright law. | wikipedia |
1f0af4899bb61378a9eae7b596afb2ed017fe4d1 | johnson-laird developed techniques for computerized source code analysis | johnson-laird developed techniques for computerized source code analysis and the presentation of computer-based evidence that have helped to bring digital forensics into the courtroom. he has served as a special master to federal district court judges, and has served as an expert witness and provided litigation testimony in many intellectual property cases in the united states and singapore. he also has published numerous articles on topics related to digital forensics and the legal challenges posed by emerging technologies. | wikipedia |
aec54af553201cd6ebdc25cee66fb114fd8ab434 | johnson-laird is one of the early pioneers in | johnson-laird is one of the early pioneers in the field of digital forensics. his specialty, developed in 1987, is forensic software analysis of computer and internet-based evidence for copyright, patent, and trade-secret litigation. he is also an expert on software reverse engineering, software development, and developing software in a clean-room environment. | wikipedia |
559299c6d43c833fe78ac1f7c64ebc6b795ea971 | on arriving in the us in 1979, johnson-laird | on arriving in the us in 1979, johnson-laird wrote the software drivers to permit the cp/m operating system to run on an onyx computer—this was the first commercial cp/m microcomputer with a hard disk and a data cartridge tape drive. | wikipedia |
27c2c79b7aac65c16571200920ae263fcadd9cf8 | johnson-laird's 1979 immigration to the united states resulted | johnson-laird's 1979 immigration to the united states resulted in litigation over "a legal issue of first impression" concerning "the proper interpretation of section 101(a)(15)(l) of the immigration and nationality act, 8 u.s.c. s 1101(a)(15)(l), which allows 'a firm or corporation or other legal entity' to petition for the granting of 'non-immigrant' status to employees which it wishes to transfer to corporate posts in this country". johnson-laird was successful in his challenge to the agency's interpretation of this rule to not permit a petition for an "l" visa by a sole proprietorship. johnson-laird was represented by portland immigration attorney, gerald h. robinson esq. united states district court judge james redden ruled that "congress intended that the legal status of the petitioning business not be a dispositive consideration in immigration proceedings". | wikipedia |
50f5375abc7c5e9ee058cfe1167d39813cdb4600 | in the late 1970s, johnson-laird applied his knowledge | in the late 1970s, johnson-laird applied his knowledge of mainframe computers to the emerging hobbyist personal computer market. he purchased and hand-built a sol-20 personal computer from processor technology, and a cromemco z-2 as test platforms. | wikipedia |
18e57858a2266779fdf39116c4b1b45315a147ab | johnson-laird's computer career started in 1963 at national | johnson-laird's computer career started in 1963 at national cash register company's london offices where he worked as a computer operator and taught himself to program the ncr 315 mainframe computer during the night shift. he was then invited to teach as a lecturer in ncr's computer education department, teaching ncr customers how to program. subsequently, he wrote system software for the ncr-elliott 4100 mainframe computer. johnson-laird also worked as a systems programmer for control data corporation in ferney-voltaire in support of supercomputer installations at cern. and various universities in europe. he transferred to control data corporation's toronto development facility in 1977. | wikipedia |
b8337f38cca71157ff268049331ded8139a255a4 | johnson-laird was born in sheffield in england in | johnson-laird was born in sheffield in england in february 1945. he was educated at culford school and then attended the regent street polytechnic, now known as the university of westminster. johnson-laird also has lived in ferney-voltaire (france), toronto (canada), and san jose, (northern california). | wikipedia |
400c0baf74ac568d4faed69a93835c104c07027a | andy johnson-laird (born february 1945) is an english-american | andy johnson-laird (born february 1945) is an english-american computer scientist. he was the president of digital forensics firm johnson-laird inc. in portland, oregon, where he lived with his wife, kay kitagawa. | wikipedia |
e57481dae301879132b734388473fc5ca0479df9 | after his unexpected death in the mendoza earthquake | after his unexpected death in the mendoza earthquake of 1861, his remarkable collection of fossils disappeared. at the turn of the twentieth century, an auction of unclaimed crates by the buenos aires customs office revealed the collection, which was handed over to the museo nacional de ciencias naturales, buenos aires. | wikipedia |
101f68172d8d79245c02c93ddf1cc812d1ad5edb | from buenos aires, he explored in bahía blanca, | from buenos aires, he explored in bahía blanca, resulting in his mapa geológico y topográfico de los alrededores de bahía blanca, buenos aires (1857). he also explored the paraná basin and the pampas. | wikipedia |
51ea858584e8f4cd38f932d161f610effd7f228e | bravard emigrated to argentina in the winter of | bravard emigrated to argentina in the winter of 1852-53 and was a long-term resident in buenos aires. he unearthed and studied mammalian fossils, some of which, like the skull of mesotherium, were sent back to the muséum d'histoire naturelle, paris. pleistocene mammal fossils purchased from bravard are also in the museum of natural history, south kensington, london, transferred from the british museum, which had purchased them from bravard in 1854. bravard, who became director of the natural history museum in paraná, upheld geological theories contrary to those of charles darwin. | wikipedia |
ee745651298d18f73ad373665b800b51d0762b3e | (pierre joseph) auguste bravard (18 june 1803 – | (pierre joseph) auguste bravard (18 june 1803 – 28 march 1861) was a french mining engineer turned palaeontologist. he hunted fossils in the vaucluse, allier and his native puy de dôme. | wikipedia |
73907c0c7e93475cb6fae961ba1fa884801dfd45 | anna petronella van heerden (1887–1975), was the first | anna petronella van heerden (1887–1975), was the first afrikaner woman to qualify as a medical doctor. her thesis, for which she obtained a doctorate in 1923, was the first medical thesis written in afrikaans. she practiced as a gynecologist, retiring in 1942. she also served in the south african medical corps during world war ii. | wikipedia |
a215eae46971eff61f1af73670bb9d7006423a37 | van heerden spent some of her later life | van heerden spent some of her later life after retirement working on a farm where she raised cattle. she was often seen at cattle auctions, actively participating, which was unheard of for a woman at that time in south africa. van heerden never married and she died in cape town on 10 january 1975. | wikipedia |
a3dcffcff8e5e76f3ec861060e48cac5a01adf86 | van heerden's memoirs received little academic attention until | van heerden's memoirs received little academic attention until after 2000. since then some studies have been made of her limited works. lizelle smit presented a masters dissertation on "south african women’s life writing" in 2015 and some of the points relating to van heerden covered in this research are: 1) her subtle manipulations of the autobiographical content to convey important issues to afrikaner-youth of the time; 2) her changing presentation of feminist issues and her lesbian sexual identity, especially in light of the fact that south africa didn't accept the existence of lesbians for most of van heerden's life; and 3) her critique of gender inequality. | wikipedia |
a7e26c8239460e7487b7ffbfa3f7af84159c6a08 | van heerden published two autobiographical texts, kerssnuitsels (1962) | van heerden published two autobiographical texts, kerssnuitsels (1962) (candle snuffings) and die sestiende koppie (1965) (the sixteenth cup), and other works, including: waarom ek ‘n sosialis is (1938) (why i'm as socialist), geslagsregister van die familie van heerden (1969) (family tree of the van heerden family) and dames xvii (1969) (ladies xvii). | wikipedia |
272ac92f520f59a186951d1b640da328ca8cbd36 | she was educated at the huguenot seminary in | she was educated at the huguenot seminary in wellington and victoria college in stellenbosch. she studied at the university of amsterdam from 1908 to 1915 where she completed her medical degree. van heerden served as an intern at the volkshuishospitaal in bloemfontein in 1916 and had her own practice in harrismith from 1917.she specialised in gynaecology in london from 1921 before returning to amsterdam to complete her phd. after obtaining her doctorate in 1923 with a thesis entitled, die sogenamde adenioma van die ovarium (in english: the so-called adenoma of the ovary), she moved to cape town where she practiced as a gynaecologist. van heerden served in the south african medical corps during world war ii and in 1942 she retired from her practice. | wikipedia |
6ea1508ec3a6d77e3b237bac67b11a0b65d47b13 | van heerden was born on 26 april 1887 | van heerden was born on 26 april 1887 in bethlehem, orange free state. her parents were francois willem van heerden and josephine ryneva beck horak. she was the middle child with an older brother alexander charles and a younger brother frankie. | wikipedia |
73907c0c7e93475cb6fae961ba1fa884801dfd45 | anna petronella van heerden (1887–1975), was the first | anna petronella van heerden (1887–1975), was the first afrikaner woman to qualify as a medical doctor. her thesis, for which she obtained a doctorate in 1923, was the first medical thesis written in afrikaans. she practiced as a gynecologist, retiring in 1942. she also served in the south african medical corps during world war ii. | wikipedia |
fa483f6e7c564487b32c4600103b9e14d4001c99 | in enzymology, an aspartate 4-decarboxylase is an enzyme | in enzymology, an aspartate 4-decarboxylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction hence, this enzyme has one substrate, l-aspartate, and two products, l-alanine and co2. this reaction is the basis of the industrial synthesis of l-alanine. this enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. the systematic name of this enzyme class is l-aspartate 4-carboxy-lyase (l-alanine-forming). other names in common use include desulfinase, aminomalonic decarboxylase, aspartate beta-decarboxylase, aspartate omega-decarboxylase, aspartic omega-decarboxylase, aspartic beta-decarboxylase, l-aspartate beta-decarboxylase, cysteine sulfinic desulfinase, l-cysteine sulfinate acid desulfinase, and l-aspartate 4-carboxy-lyase. this enzyme participates in alanine and aspartate metabolism and cysteine metabolism. it employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. | wikipedia |
5b05b5bf1908f60597a799e2a28adde11a365975 | this enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, | this enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. the systematic name of this enzyme class is l-aspartate 4-carboxy-lyase (l-alanine-forming). other names in common use include desulfinase, aminomalonic decarboxylase, aspartate beta-decarboxylase, aspartate omega-decarboxylase, aspartic omega-decarboxylase, aspartic beta-decarboxylase, l-aspartate beta-decarboxylase, cysteine sulfinic desulfinase, l-cysteine sulfinate acid desulfinase, and l-aspartate 4-carboxy-lyase. this enzyme participates in alanine and aspartate metabolism and cysteine metabolism. it employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. | wikipedia |
9adef985400d27c8c0637124962dd44fc4599572 | ampera bridge, formerly bung karno bridge between its | ampera bridge, formerly bung karno bridge between its opening and the 1966 de-sukarnoization campaign, is a vertical-lift bridge in the city of palembang, south sumatra, indonesia. it connects seberang ulu and seberang ilir, two regions of palembang. it can no longer be opened to allow ships to pass. the bridge was planned during the era of indonesia's first president, sukarno, who wanted a bridge that could open and be a match for london's tower bridge. the funds for the construction came from japanese war reparations, with fuji heavy industries being given responsibility for design and construction. however, at the time, japan had no bridges of this type, and fuji heavy industries had no bridge-building experience. the official opening was carried out by governor of south sumatra, abujazid bustomi, on 10 november 1965. at first, the bridge was known as the bung karno bridge, after the president, but following his fall, it was renamed the ampera bridge. for a few years after it was opened, the centre span could be lifted at a speed of approximately 10 metres per minute (33 ft/min) to allow ships of up to 44.5 metres (146 ft) in height to pass underneath. however, this only occurred a few times, and after 1970 it could no longer be opened. the official reason for this was that the 30 minutes needed to raise the bridge was causing unacceptable delays, and that in any case silting of the river had made it impassable for large ships. however, according to architect wiratman, who acted as a consultant before the construction, the design of the bridge was flawed from the outset because of the soft mud on which it was built. he maintains that his concerns were ignored for political reasons, and that as the towers' foundations shifted, the bridge deformed to the extent that it could no longer be opened. the ballast weights needed to balance the weight of the bridge were removed in 1990 to prevent possible accidents were they to fall. the bridge's colour has been changed three times. at first it was grey, but it was changed to be yellow in 1992. and in 2002, when indonesia was led by megawati sukarnoputri as president, the colour was changed again to red. | wikipedia |
4195c3a9a10c95dfdca3d17041487068162d932a | ampera bridge, formerly bung karno bridge between its | his concerns were ignored for political reasons, and that as the towers' foundations shifted, the bridge deformed to the extent that it could no longer be opened. the ballast weights needed to balance the weight of the bridge were removed in 1990 to prevent possible accidents were they to fall. the bridge's colour has been changed three times. at first it was grey, but it was changed to be yellow in 1992. and in 2002, when indonesia was led by megawati sukarnoputri as president, the colour was changed again to red. | wikipedia |
20ab020e5b1227352769a95b850cc815d49d3820 | the bridge's colour has been changed three times. | the bridge's colour has been changed three times. at first it was grey, but it was changed to be yellow in 1992. and in 2002, when indonesia was led by megawati sukarnoputri as president, the colour was changed again to red. | wikipedia |
2752e18ebff8de984654278cd1c041326d84bf1c | for a few years after it was opened, | for a few years after it was opened, the centre span could be lifted at a speed of approximately 10 metres per minute (33 ft/min) to allow ships of up to 44.5 metres (146 ft) in height to pass underneath. however, this only occurred a few times, and after 1970 it could no longer be opened. the official reason for this was that the 30 minutes needed to raise the bridge was causing unacceptable delays, and that in any case silting of the river had made it impassable for large ships. however, according to architect wiratman, who acted as a consultant before the construction, the design of the bridge was flawed from the outset because of the soft mud on which it was built. he maintains that his concerns were ignored for political reasons, and that as the towers' foundations shifted, the bridge deformed to the extent that it could no longer be opened. the ballast weights needed to balance the weight of the bridge were removed in 1990 to prevent possible accidents were they to fall. | wikipedia |
59aafca4fc67ae6857472946539531ad77715e06 | the bridge was planned during the era of | the bridge was planned during the era of indonesia's first president, sukarno, who wanted a bridge that could open and be a match for london's tower bridge. the funds for the construction came from japanese war reparations, with fuji heavy industries being given responsibility for design and construction. however, at the time, japan had no bridges of this type, and fuji heavy industries had no bridge-building experience. the official opening was carried out by governor of south sumatra, abujazid bustomi, on 10 november 1965. at first, the bridge was known as the bung karno bridge, after the president, but following his fall, it was renamed the ampera bridge. | wikipedia |
43c76eab216c5a729dffc8bfa48f74329c994d3a | ampera bridge (indonesian: jembatan ampera, for amanat penderitaan | ampera bridge (indonesian: jembatan ampera, for amanat penderitaan rakyat, a now-rarely used colloquial name for the preamble of the constitution of indonesia), formerly bung karno bridge (indonesian: jembatan bung karno, after president sukarno) between its opening and the 1966 de-sukarnoization campaign, is a vertical-lift bridge in the city of palembang, south sumatra, indonesia. it connects seberang ulu and seberang ilir, two regions of palembang. it can no longer be opened to allow ships to pass. | wikipedia |
ee5323de8c91c758de339b2e7b0a9feeaf220456 | armand romeo "dutch" delmonte was a canadian professional | armand romeo "dutch" delmonte was a canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played in one national hockey league game for the boston bruins during the 1945–46 season, on january 6, 1946 against the new york rangers. del monte also played for the st. catharines falcons from 1943 to 1945, boston olympics from 1945 to 1948, los angeles monarchs from 1946 to 1947, st. paul saints from 1947 to 1951, tacoma rockets from 1951 to 1952, cleveland barons from 1952 to 1953, ottawa senators from 1953 to 1954, and the marion barons from 1953 to 1954. | wikipedia |
adbd479347bcb76988f3712f22b11539c3acd249 | del monte also played for the st. catharines | del monte also played for the st. catharines falcons from 1943 to 1945, boston olympics from 1945 to 1948, los angeles monarchs from 1946 to 1947, st. paul saints from 1947 to 1951, tacoma rockets from 1951 to 1952, cleveland barons from 1952 to 1953, ottawa senators from 1953 to 1954, and the marion barons from 1953 to 1954. | wikipedia |
43f89fd08aefe3231ed221119a5c6064ea546cc9 | armand romeo "dutch" delmonte (june 3, 1927 – | armand romeo "dutch" delmonte (june 3, 1927 – april 7, 1981) was a canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played in one national hockey league game for the boston bruins during the 1945–46 season, on january 6, 1946 against the new york rangers. | wikipedia |
c3266d1f68ccc56f008d82e48df64212886a2c37 | akram emmanuel is a former iraqi football striker | akram emmanuel is a former iraqi football striker who played for iraq in the 1994 fifa world cup qualification. he played for the national team between 1992 and 1993. he scored the winning goal in the 1991–92 iraqi national league to earn al-quwa al-jawiya the league title. | wikipedia |
a702f630f89ee8803a3e2df9de706dd38c374eac | akram emmanuel (born 1 july 1967) is a | akram emmanuel (born 1 july 1967) is a former iraqi football striker who played for iraq in the 1994 fifa world cup qualification. he played for the national team between 1992 and 1993. | wikipedia |
c97606addf1cdea166143d33b00d14bd53920f14 | andrew welsh is a former australian rules footballer | andrew welsh is a former australian rules footballer in the australian football league. he was selected by essendon with the 47th selection in the 2001 afl draft. he was a backline player who played halfback or back pocket for much of his career. however, later in his career he developed his game to play as a tagging-defensive midfielder. he was a very quick player and runs off half back very well. a knee injury in 2005 sidetracked his career a little, but made a strong comeback in defence during 2006. in 2007 and 2008 his role changed, and he played primarily as a defensive forward and defensive midfielder respectively. in october 2011, welsh retired from essendon football club due to several injury setbacks after playing 162 games with the club. he then moved to the united states to attempt to become an actor. in 2013, he became a boundary rider for the seven network. | wikipedia |
3f886139d6c46ae85c6d321f9ae6038e08bd5c48 | he was a very quick player and runs | he was a very quick player and runs off half back very well. a knee injury in 2005 sidetracked his career a little, but made a strong comeback in defence during 2006. in 2007 and 2008 his role changed, and he played primarily as a defensive forward and defensive midfielder respectively. | wikipedia |
751810b30a4d5f38d8a3d3c9f672ed308b40f67f | he was selected by essendon with the 47th | he was selected by essendon with the 47th selection in the 2001 afl draft. he was a backline player who played halfback or back pocket for much of his career. however, later in his career he developed his game to play as a tagging-defensive midfielder. | wikipedia |
28c96310df74661b41e5f23d74eb016a50bf0b79 | he turned his attention to the superbike world | he turned his attention to the superbike world championship from 1998 to 2001 and then in 2003 and 2005. in 2004 he won the italian superbike championship with the yamaha team 391 racing team. | wikipedia |
d01c2e07abffa8432089d821e3c9cc0bb464f6b3 | in 1992, he edged out italian fausto gresini | in 1992, he edged out italian fausto gresini to win the 125cc world championship, with wins in malaysia and hungary. gramigni moved up to the 250cc class in next season, first with the gilera team before switching back to aprilia. it was a disappointing season, as he scored only 2 points. he competed two more seasons in the 250 class, 1994 with the aprilia, and in 1995 with honda. after a two-year sabbatical, he entered one race in the 500cc class at the 1997 malaysian grand prix before ending his grand prix career. | wikipedia |
1fc2872c29fa4d364aa2f2a7788043bef75643f5 | gramigni was born in florence, italy. after a | gramigni was born in florence, italy. after a succession of good results as an amateur, he made his grand prix debut in 1990 riding an aprilia in the 125cc class, ending the season in ninth position. he won his first race at the 1991 czechoslovakian grand prix and finished the season ranked seventh in the championship with 90 points. his victory in czechoslovakia also marked the first grand prix victory in world championship competition for the aprilia factory. | wikipedia |
5fcd6afa1ca782a533b6869a4f6ab91240713bd4 | alessandro gramigni (born 29 december 1968) is an | alessandro gramigni (born 29 december 1968) is an italian former professional motorcycle racer. he competed in grand prix motorcycle racing from 1990 to 1997 and in the superbike world championship from 1998 to 2003.gramigni is notable for winning the 1992 f.i.m. 125cc world championship. | wikipedia |
df3a19d51595afa3db0a4c566242f5788f1b441e | king was a member of the committee on | king was a member of the committee on standards in public life and the royal commission on the reform of the house of lords (the wakeham commission). in 2010, he was elected as a fellow of the british academy. he also served as an associate at the institute for government, a non-partisan charity that aims to improve the effectiveness of central government in the uk. during the latter part of his life, his research focused on: the changing british constitution; the british prime ministership; american politics and government and the history of democracy. | wikipedia |
bd13e332dd0e0600a20b71b4b32198bb66b2a3b9 | king was co-author with david butler of two | king was co-author with david butler of two nuffield college election studies (those for 1964 and 1966) and author of britain says yes: the 1975 referendum on the common market and running scared: why america's politicians campaign too much and govern too little. he was also co-author with ivor crewe of the semi-official sdp: the birth, life and death of the social democratic party and the blunders of our governments. he edited the new american political system, new labour triumphs: britain at the polls 1997, britain at the polls 2001 and britain at the polls 2005. | wikipedia |
65311c2920494cd6d6faac4c1c5dfdfce9ca48b8 | he regularly appeared on election results programming and | he regularly appeared on election results programming and analysed their implications. for each uk general election from 1983 to 2005, he was bbc television's analyst on their election night programming. on a monthly basis, he analysed political opinion polls on voting intentions for the daily telegraph. he also wrote many books on politics and was co-editor of the britain at the polls series of essays and, in 2008, the british constitution. | wikipedia |
9a23b6e776c7fa8ed79852b2ced2726b381d5ab5 | he initially taught at magdalen college, oxford, before | he initially taught at magdalen college, oxford, before transferring to essex, from which he never officially retired. from 1969, he was professor of government at essex, where he also led a wednesday brainstorming class of selected bright students from the department of government. king taught the course gv100 – introduction to politics. he also taught at princeton and the university of wisconsin–madison, in the united states. | wikipedia |
4b56f7024f32f38110703251f9d999bdcbad2b79 | king was born in canada on 17 november | king was born in canada on 17 november 1934, the son of marjorie and harold king. he gained a b.a. in history and economics at queen's university, ontario. in the 1950s, he moved to uk as a rhodes scholar to study philosophy, politics and economics at the university of oxford, after which he gained a d.phil. with thesis titled "some aspects of the history of the liberal party in britain, 1906–1914". | wikipedia |
c0e999f2be591a48f4926667562cf9b77a63743a | anthony stephen king fba (17 november 1934 – | anthony stephen king fba (17 november 1934 – 12 january 2017) was a canadian-british professor of government, psephologist and commentator. he taught at the department of government at the university of essex for many years. | wikipedia |
f2bd6d91dd7212982237f4f17088d5c59df70d88 | applied epistemology refers to the study that determines | applied epistemology refers to the study that determines whether the systems of investigation that seek the truth lead to true beliefs about the world. a specific conceptualization cites that it attempts to reveal whether these systems contribute to epistemic aims. it is applied in practices outside of philosophy like science and mathematics. once applied epistemology is described as a method in an epistemological search, it implies that the methodology is supported by an epistemological foundation. | wikipedia |
6264855251f3b3fc8baffde6ef7a0877143434e0 | applied epistemology is also significant in cybernetics, which | applied epistemology is also significant in cybernetics, which involves the control and communication of living and man-made systems. modern cybernetics, particularly, is considered an applied epistemology for its focus on how the process of the construction of models of the systems is influenced by the living and man-made systems in its goal of understanding the similarities and differences of the inner workings of the organic and machine processes. once applied to cybernetics, applied epistemology also contributes in shaping responses to global and local issues since it helps construct a type of political epistemology that can lead to a holistic and socially responsible discourse and practice. | wikipedia |
ba2b3cce1e7a7c5a80ac977705c0678ed9c44a27 | applied epistemology is also used in evaluating philosophical | applied epistemology is also used in evaluating philosophical issues. this is the case when empirical perspective is applied to test philosophical theories. while this approach does not eliminate analytic and conceptual issues, it can make them clearer. it also increases the probability of theorists to examine evidences that tend to be overlooked. | wikipedia |
cb18992a6d2c5348932f8e0eb079e6a2b9d72ef4 | legal epistemology is considered a form of applied | legal epistemology is considered a form of applied epistemology for its evaluation of whether legal systems of investigation that seeks the truth are structured in a manner that actually lead to justified and true beliefs. applied epistemics allows the legal system to draw from philosophy. for instance, david hume stated that, "we entertain a suspicion concerning any matter of fact, when the witnesses contradict each other; when they are but few, or a doubtful character; when they have an interest in what they affirm; when they deliver their testimony with hesitation, or on the contrary, with too violent asseverations." this generic view is said to allow legal procedure the effective evaluation of testimonies. | wikipedia |
60903477d1532b04af5d68b84a2fb27c6d086f6e | applied epistemology is relevant to the field of | applied epistemology is relevant to the field of psychology and cognitive science as it focuses on the study of particular epistemic problems and processes and is characterized as part of an empirical field. it addresses how cognitive agents go about constructing epistemically adequate representations of the world. the content of the psychological experts or therapists' cognitive organization or "knowing" processes has also been described as applied epistemology. this system of knowing allows a better understanding of a patient's problems. it also represents part of the knowledge system in which interventions that facilitate change can be drawn. | wikipedia |
9a951d55aec73c53d25026784b57d2fa6d0f3297 | according to tim gorichanaz, applied epistemology allows information | according to tim gorichanaz, applied epistemology allows information studies to benefit from the field of philosophy particularly since it rarely focuses on the evaluation of epistemic concepts. it is also suggested that applying the concept to information system can bridge the information processing models of cognition and constructivist perspectives on knowledge. applied epistemology can be prominent in the "schema" or the cognitive organization of meaningful information. specifically, it is the information structure that can be modified to represent knowledge of interrelationships between events, objects, and situations that we encounter. | wikipedia |
4e99b8b602be214199b9fa0b4b8d9e8ef237bc16 | it has been suggested by scholars such as | it has been suggested by scholars such as jennifer lackey that applied epistemology provides the tools in contemporary epistemology's evaluation of the issues of social concern. it is relevant to issues affecting social groups since it helps in answering the recurring practical question, "what to believe now". applied epistemology is also considered capable of unmasking the contribution of the features of public deliberation to a group's reliability and provide a basis for a reliabilist rationale for democracy in the process. applied epistemology has also been employed in examining feminism, particularly with respect to the evaluation of the agency of women and what is the relevance of giving it authorial primacy within studies of knowledge. | wikipedia |
3194860acaccce7a708e8396278821581cdd50fa | according to mark battersby, the method of critical | according to mark battersby, the method of critical thinking or informal logic can be considered a form of applied epistemology. this method involves the assessment of the strength of evidences that afford conclusions can only be made if the domain within which the argument is presented is taken into account. for battersby, this constitutes applied epistemology, since it is about grounding assessments of arguments as they occur within them. mark weinstein maintained that a focus on the account of how acceptability is transmitted from premises to conclusion show close theoretical parallel between informal logic and applied epistemology. it is argued that rather than rules of logic, epistemological norms constitute the philosophical core of informal logic and that there is a close parallel between informal logic and applied ethics. based on these factors, scholars such as battersby and weinstein maintain that informal logic should be classified as applied epistemology instead of logic. | wikipedia |
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