Split (1)

train · 485k rows

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.

id stringlengths 40 40	title stringlengths 15 120	text stringlengths 41 3.14k	source stringclasses 2 values
82749cd78e042ad0159837466f0dab600abaf2eb	agaho station (英賀保駅, agaho-eki) is a passenger railway	agaho station (英賀保駅, agaho-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of himeji, hyōgo prefecture, japan, operated by the west japan railway company (jr west).	wikipedia
ff0021e9d4ab322d14c6ce6f085780f62dc28921	"ai no sono" is the first single of	"ai no sono" is the first single of the j-pop idol group morning musume subgroup morning musume otomegumi. in addition to the title song and its karaoke version, the single also contains a morning musume otomegumi version of the earlier morning musume song "dekkai uchū ni ai ga aru", which was originally a b-side on the single "the peace!". morning musume sakuragumi also did a version of "dekkai uchū ni ai ga aru" at the same time as morning musume otomegumi on the "hare ame nochi suki" single.	wikipedia
a049afbfc6daf14005397c8ed86d451b89825bde	" ai no sono (touch my heart!) "	" ai no sono (touch my heart!) " (愛の園～touch my heart!～, ai no sono ~tatchi mai hāto~, garden of love: touch my heart!) is the first single of the j-pop idol group morning musume subgroup morning musume otomegumi. in addition to the title song and its karaoke version, the single also contains a morning musume otomegumi version of the earlier morning musume song "dekkai uchū ni ai ga aru", which was originally a b-side on the single " the peace! ". morning musume sakuragumi also did a version of "dekkai uchū ni ai ga aru" at the same time as morning musume otomegumi on the " hare ame nochi suki " single.	wikipedia
855eade5ad2162b7eeac7071605deb6c5e004ab1	acoustic tags are small sound-emitting devices that allow	acoustic tags are small sound-emitting devices that allow the detection and/or remote tracking of organisms in aquatic ecosystems. acoustic tags are commonly used to monitor the behavior of fish. studies can be conducted in lakes, rivers, tributaries, estuaries or at sea. acoustic tag technology allows researchers to obtain locational data of tagged fish: depending on tag and receiver array configurations, researchers can receive simple presence/absence data, 2d positional data, or even 3d fish tracks in real-time with sub-meter resolutions. acoustic tags allow researchers to: conduct survival studies	wikipedia
e572ef9e8878e94de87b4ef9db3e963bc8a21880	at present, acoustic tags are most commonly used	at present, acoustic tags are most commonly used to monitor fish approaching diversion and guidance structures at hydropower dams. this allows hydropowered dam facilities, public utility districts, and municipalities to evaluate specific migration pathways used by the fish (most often salmon smolts), identify where fish mortality occurs and assess fish behavior in relation to hydrodynamic conditions and/or any other environmental parameters. ultimately, working to improve bypass effectiveness and protect fish populations, acoustic tag tracking systems are a significant breakthrough in the preservation of migrating salmon populations. for an example of acoustic tag tracking systems at work on the columbia river, see grant county's most recent application or chelan county's most recent application.	wikipedia
a59c17c9cbf1ccf26a6e525f8b2cd5d8a21a96e4	by determining the sound's time of arrival at	by determining the sound's time of arrival at each hydrophone, the 3d position of the fish can be calculated. the hydrophone receiver picks up the sound signal and converts it to data that researchers use to plot the resulting tag positions in three dimensions, in real-time. using a post processing software, such as marktags, takes that data and delivers the result, the 3d track.	wikipedia
d9467c64d6305f9693653ad8181a4f5c77d70242	several different types of methods are used to	several different types of methods are used to attach the tag to an organism. in fish, tags are frequently embedded into the individual by cutting a small incision in the abdominal cavity of the fish (surgical implantation), or put down the gullet to embed the acoustic tag in the stomach (gastric implantation). external attachment using adhesive compounds is typically not used for fish as scale fluids do not allow for any successful attachment to scale tissue. in other organisms tags are attached with heavy duty glues.	wikipedia
e63c11fab97bc97bab6a94704b7143f61e8f3001	acoustic tags are distinguished from other types of	acoustic tags are distinguished from other types of devices such as radio tags, or passive inductive transponder (pit) tags, in that they can work in either salt or freshwater (rf and pit tags perform poorly in saltwater) and do not depend on steering the fish in a particular path (pit tags require the fish to be routed through a restricted sensing area).	wikipedia
e254397cea5ecf8a1ff96bbd6d6c3d0b84fa3c65	a typical acoustic tag consists of a piezoceramic	a typical acoustic tag consists of a piezoceramic transducer, drive/timing electronics, and a battery power source. cylindrical or “tube” transducers are often used, which have metalization on the inner and outer walls of the structure. in normal operation, an alternating current (ac) electrical signal generated by the drive/timing electronics is impressed across the two metalization layers. this voltage creates stress in the material, which in turn cause the transducer to emit an acoustic signal or “ping”, which emanates outward from the surface of the tube. an acoustic “ping” can be detected by specialized receivers, and processed using advanced signal processing techniques to determine if a fish swimming into the reception area carries a specific acoustic tag.	wikipedia
1475ce5d0cafd71d490b4e293d9e329b83257924	acoustic tags are produced in many different shapes	acoustic tags are produced in many different shapes and sizes depending on the type of species being studied, or the type of environment in which the study is conducted. sound parameters such as frequency and modulation method are chosen for optimal detectability, and signal level. for oceanic environments, frequencies less than 100 khz range are often used, while frequencies of several hundreds of kilohertz are more common in for studies in rivers and lakes.	wikipedia
f7211639f1e5328407029b001fb8e9210661cf5a	acoustic tags transmit a signal made up of	acoustic tags transmit a signal made up of acoustic pulses or "pings" that sends location information about the tagged organism to the hydrophone receiver. by tying the received acoustic signature to the known type of programmed signal code, the specific tagged individual is identified. the transmitted signal can propagate up to 1 km (in freshwater). receivers can be actively held by a researcher ("active tracking") or affixed to specific locations ("passive tracking"). arrays of receivers can allow the triangulation of tagged individuals over many kilometers. acoustic tags can have very long battery life - some tags last up to four years.	wikipedia
9ec9c3aad37e74ecded9d5d592761c4e232d2f93	acoustic tags are small sound-emitting devices that allow	acoustic tags are small sound-emitting devices that allow the detection and/or remote tracking of organisms in aquatic ecosystems. acoustic tags are commonly used to monitor the behavior of fish. studies can be conducted in lakes, rivers, tributaries, estuaries or at sea. acoustic tag technology allows researchers to obtain locational data of tagged fish: depending on tag and receiver array configurations, researchers can receive simple presence/absence data, 2d positional data, or even 3d fish tracks in real-time with sub-meter resolutions.	wikipedia
080219ce68a11a4035133405ab3357cdf8db76a2	in enzymology, an adenosine-tetraphosphatase is an enzyme that	in enzymology, an adenosine-tetraphosphatase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate and h2o, whereas its two products are atp and phosphate. this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. the systematic name of this enzyme class is adenosine-tetraphosphate phosphohydrolase. this enzyme participates in purine metabolism.	wikipedia
e71bfae2ebbed7e74b9ed54405cbe8d8aefb69b1	this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases,	this enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. the systematic name of this enzyme class is adenosine-tetraphosphate phosphohydrolase. this enzyme participates in purine metabolism.	wikipedia
aef42610369e80d324be3c9118766b61e5160c5f	this number could be interpreted by a computer	this number could be interpreted by a computer as −1 if a programmer is not careful about which 8-bit values are signed and unsigned, and the two's complement representation of −1 in a signed byte is equal to that of 255 in an unsigned byte.	wikipedia
3fd38fc49cec7ca3e4bbbde3986f3cf0c029a269	the use of eight bits for storage in	the use of eight bits for storage in older video games has had the consequence of it appearing as a hard limit in many video games. for example, in the original the legend of zelda game, link can carry a maximum of 255 rupees. it was often used for numbers where casual gameplay would not cause anyone to exceed the number. however, in most situations it is reachable given enough time. this can cause many other peculiarities to appear when the number wraps back to 0, such as the infamous " kill screen " seen after clearing level 255 of pac-man.	wikipedia
e409028e44a58b013a674103c39630d6ed08299f	255 is a special number in some tasks	255 is a special number in some tasks having to do with computing. this is the maximum value representable by an eight-digit binary number, and therefore the maximum representable by an unsigned 8 -bit byte (the most common size of byte, also called an octet), the smallest common variable size used in high level programming languages (bit being smaller, but rarely used for value storage). the range is 0 to 255, which is 256 total values.	wikipedia
bf35b359060ee726a241b46659d0dc506c003311	its factorization makes it a sphenic number. since	its factorization makes it a sphenic number. since 255 = 2 – 1, it is a mersenne number (though not a pernicious one), and the fourth such number not to be a prime number. it is a perfect totient number, the smallest such number to be neither a power of three nor thrice a prime.	wikipedia
149b6fedbfd203cbb19e776ccf028e9603417dfe	it is the twenty-sixth number such that its	it is the twenty-sixth number such that its euler totient (288) is equal to the totient value of its sum-of-divisors: φ (555) = φ (σ (555)) {\displaystyle \varphi (555)=\varphi (\sigma (555))}.	wikipedia
251f8df52098d940dffbb8ea73933f85eece24bc	555 is a sphenic number. in base 10,	555 is a sphenic number. in base 10, it is a repdigit, and because it is divisible by the sum of its digits, it is a harshad number. it is also a harshad number in binary, base 11, base 13 and hexadecimal.	wikipedia
444cc22739f30f97848d06358efe3ac7e6034fae	amalendu chandra is an indian theoretical physical chemist,	amalendu chandra is an indian theoretical physical chemist, a professor and the head of the department of chemistry at the indian institute of technology, kanpur. he is known for his microscopic theories and simulations on liquids, interface and clusters. he is an elected fellow of the indian academy of sciences and the indian national science academy. the council of scientific and industrial research, the apex agency of the government of india for scientific research, awarded him the shanti swarup bhatnagar prize for science and technology, one of the highest indian science awards, in 2007, for his contributions to chemical sciences.	wikipedia
763fe00ae2fdeb5f6570286bed906dab59545626	chandra was selected by the indian academy of	chandra was selected by the indian academy of sciences in 1993 as an associate of the academy with the tenure running from 1994 to 1998. in 1995, the indian national science academy awarded him the young scientist medal and followed it up with the anil kumar bose memorial award in 1997. he received the bronze medal of the chemical research society of india in 2006; the society would honor him again 2015 with the silver medal. the council of scientific and industrial research awarded him the shanti swarup bhatnagar prize, one of the highest indian science awards, in 2007. he was elected as a fellow by the indian academy of sciences in 2009 and he became an elected fellow of the indian national science academy in 2015. he has held several other research fellowships including the alexander von humboldt fellowship (2002–03) and the ramanna fellowship (2006–09 and 2010–13), and j. c. bose national fellowship of the department of science and technology (2013).	wikipedia
1ba2b4ff6f89dd01859e17a6c5c843ed1922a9e0	chandra's researches are based on the simulations of	chandra's researches are based on the simulations of liquids, interface and clusters and he is known to have contributed to develop microscopic theories and predictions. he has conducted reportedly extensive studies on the equilibrium and dynamical behaviour of complex molecular liquids and bulk ionic solutions as well as on the structure of molecular clusters using theoretical and computational methodologies. he has documented his researches in several peer-reviewed articles; researchgate, an online repository of scientific articles has listed 118 of them.	wikipedia
0673cbf0ad1264a689ed054fb809a0188ad7635f	amalendu chandra, born on 6 october 1963 in	amalendu chandra, born on 6 october 1963 in the indian state of west bengal, graduated in chemistry from the university of burdwan in 1984 and completed his master's degree from the same university in 1986. his doctoral studies were at the indian institute of science and after securing a phd in 1991, he moved to canada for his post-doctoral studies at the university of british columbia on an izaac walton killam fellowship. on his return to india in 1993, he joined iit kanpur where he serves as a professor of the department of chemistry and also the head of the department. he held two chair professorships during this period viz. rahul and namita gautam chair professorship (2008–11) and sajani kumar roy memorial chair professorship (2011). he is also associated with biman bagchi and assists the research group headed by the latter in their studies.	wikipedia
27271ed43cb56a598a7297fd34f97a99f60f0850	amalendu chandra (born 1963) is an indian theoretical	amalendu chandra (born 1963) is an indian theoretical physical chemist, a professor and the head of the department of chemistry at the indian institute of technology, kanpur. he is known for his microscopic theories and simulations on liquids, interface and clusters. he is an elected fellow of the indian academy of sciences and the indian national science academy. the council of scientific and industrial research, the apex agency of the government of india for scientific research, awarded him the shanti swarup bhatnagar prize for science and technology, one of the highest indian science awards, in 2007, for his contributions to chemical sciences.	wikipedia
5678ea4400d7bb3b2880cef1452cb0a897a50554	day was the son of daniel p. and	day was the son of daniel p. and fanie (hobbs) day. in 1900, he married helen kohlrausch, daughter of physicist friedrich kohlrausch. day and his wife had four children: margaret, dorothy, helen and ralph. in 1933, he married ruth sarah easling. they had no children together.	wikipedia
4289c96f6b172111983318206046a71d4cf22666	in 1948, day established the arthur l. day	in 1948, day established the arthur l. day medal through the geological society of america. the medal is for "outstanding distinction in contributing to geologic knowledge through the application of physics and chemistry to the solution of geologic problems".	wikipedia
253c16cd3a4bb9e03836d85ca945b4439b9561bd	he worked with the u.s. geological survey from	he worked with the u.s. geological survey from 1900 to 1907 studying the properties of rocks and minerals at very high and low temperatures. day served as the director of the geophysical laboratory of the carnegie institution for science from 1907 until his retirement in 1936. from 1933 to 1941 he served as vice president of the national academy of sciences. he was president of the geological society of america in 1938.	wikipedia
12c4d08060619823d15892de7b73ea4fa6e2d697	in 1894 and 1895 he worked with german	in 1894 and 1895 he worked with german physicist friedrich kohlrausch studying the conductive properties of electrolytes. from 1897 to 1900 he worked at physikalisch-technische bundesanstalt in berlin and began his study of thermometry.	wikipedia
44fb945209e6d4508cf45e8977e4d25f8beffd8f	day was born in brookfield, massachusetts and received	day was born in brookfield, massachusetts and received his a.b. from sheffield scientific school at yale university in 1892. he earn his ph.d from sheffield in 1894, and taught at yale until 1897. day received an honorary doctorate from the university of groningen (the netherlands) on july 1, 1914.	wikipedia
09a73e12357b25219cbef30427ce4faeb8009152	alfons maria jakob was a german neurologist who	alfons maria jakob was a german neurologist who worked in the field of neuropathology. he was born in aschaffenburg, bavaria and educated in medicine at the universities of munich, berlin, and strasbourg, where he received his doctorate in 1908. during the following year, he began clinical work under the psychiatrist emil kraepelin and did laboratory work with franz nissl and alois alzheimer in munich. in 1911, by way of an invitation from wilhelm weygandt, he relocated to hamburg, where he worked with theodor kaes and eventually became head of the laboratory of anatomical pathology at the psychiatric state hospital hamburg-friedrichsberg. following the death of kaes in 1913, jakob succeeded him as prosector. during world war i he served as an army physician in belgium, and afterwards returned to hamburg. in 1919, he obtained his habilitation for neurology and in 1924 became a professor of neurology. under jakob's guidance the department grew rapidly. he made significant contributions to knowledge on concussion and secondary nerve degeneration and became a doyen of neuropathology. jakob was the author of five monographs and nearly 80 scientific papers. his neuropathological research contributed greatly to the delineation of several diseases, including multiple sclerosis and friedreich's ataxia. he first recognised and described alper's disease and creutzfeldt–jakob disease. he gained experience in neurosyphilis, having a 200-bed ward devoted entirely to that disorder. jakob made a lecture tour of the united states (1924) and south america (1928), of which, he wrote a paper on the neuropathology of yellow fever. he suffered from chronic osteomyelitis for the last seven years of his life. this eventually caused a retroperitoneal abscess and paralytic ileus from which he died following operation.	wikipedia
ed5404619088334fcd3edb5cd5a26e2ba2fd7591	jakob was the author of five monographs and	jakob was the author of five monographs and nearly 80 scientific papers. his neuropathological research contributed greatly to the delineation of several diseases, including multiple sclerosis and friedreich's ataxia. he first recognised and described alper's disease and creutzfeldt–jakob disease (named along with munich neuropathologist hans gerhard creutzfeldt). he gained experience in neurosyphilis, having a 200-bed ward devoted entirely to that disorder. jakob made a lecture tour of the united states (1924) and south america (1928), of which, he wrote a paper on the neuropathology of yellow fever.	wikipedia
0a06b41dbc54d2a6081e1c810ac146fdca697ff5	in 1911, by way of an invitation from	in 1911, by way of an invitation from wilhelm weygandt, he relocated to hamburg, where he worked with theodor kaes and eventually became head of the laboratory of anatomical pathology at the psychiatric state hospital hamburg-friedrichsberg. following the death of kaes in 1913, jakob succeeded him as prosector. during world war i he served as an army physician in belgium, and afterwards returned to hamburg. in 1919, he obtained his habilitation for neurology and in 1924 became a professor of neurology. under jakob's guidance the department grew rapidly. he made significant contributions to knowledge on concussion and secondary nerve degeneration and became a doyen of neuropathology.	wikipedia
86c3b01dbfd02e9b3f019d4a269177051dafe854	he was born in aschaffenburg, bavaria and educated	he was born in aschaffenburg, bavaria and educated in medicine at the universities of munich, berlin, and strasbourg, where he received his doctorate in 1908. during the following year, he began clinical work under the psychiatrist emil kraepelin and did laboratory work with franz nissl and alois alzheimer in munich.	wikipedia
90e5b203918568f995662793a31b12fb82460b04	she is a fellow of various different scientific	she is a fellow of various different scientific organizations namely; the world innovation foundation (from 2002), ghana academy of arts and sciences (from 2003), and the institute of physics (from 2004). she was the president of the ghana academy of arts and sciences (2017-2019), the second woman to hold this position.	wikipedia
da3e865b8d6fa55f0fa80d77948b8b1989bb113c	since september 2019, she has held the position	since september 2019, she has held the position of president at the ghana institute of physics. she has also served as a member of the commission on physics and development (c13) of the international union of pure and applied physics (iupap) since 2018. additionally, she has been a member of the committee on the proposed african light source since 2020. in her extensive career, she has held key roles such as foundation chairman for the council of the university of energy and natural resources, ghana (2012-2015), and foundation chairman for the council of koforidua polytechnic, ghana (1997-2002). furthermore, she has contributed significantly as a member of the governing board of the ghana atomic energy commission (1997-2001, then 2002-2008). she is also recognized as a foundation member of the first iupap working group on women in physics and has led the ghana team of the iupap conferences on women in physics to date.	wikipedia
995e8b4ca5c6ef4ef5b7e8f1baeaa5a7fdc22f00	prof. aba andam has been a member of	prof. aba andam has been a member of the national council for tertiary education and has been honored with awards from various entities including obaa mbo, a television program, as well as the women of excellence award from the ministry of gender. additionally, recognition has been bestowed upon her by the council for scientific and industrial research (csir) and the chartered institute of supply chain management of ghana.	wikipedia
1be4ff1481406d6b1ce4ca733502752e60de41eb	andam has been a professor at the kwame	andam has been a professor at the kwame nkrumah university of science and technology since 1981. she has headed the physics department since the mid 2000s, and from 2005 has been the wilkado chair of science and technology. she conducts research in applied nuclear physics at kumasi's nuclear research laboratory. she also was a part-time lecturer at the university of cape coast. she has served as the unesco chair of the women in science and technology in africa's west african region between 1996 and 2002.	wikipedia
232155fab0d48b36ca14aa6ce61081486223cf02	beginning in 1987, she participated in the ghana	beginning in 1987, she participated in the ghana science clinics for girls, where female students and scientists met. the scientists then acted as role models to the students. these clinics led to increased performance in the students who took part, and the retention rates from primary to university considerably increased. andam is passionate about sharing her love of science with young women and encouraging them to take up science.	wikipedia
c7ad5abda2a25a819d4f537c92f1cba2314d7b18	in 1986 and 1987 she studied charmed mesons	in 1986 and 1987 she studied charmed mesons at the german research station desy (deutsches elektronen-synchrotron). later, her research focused on radon and surveyed human exposure levels of the radioactive gas in ghana. andam was interested in determining how much radiation from radon ghanaians were exposed to, and how she can reduce radon radiation exposure. she is also interested in radiation-based safety measures, such as working out a safety standard for x-ray scans.	wikipedia