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7afb39ed863e69650ac052e1c6b054fe698d6dff | on 26 june 2020, after finishing his formation, | on 26 june 2020, after finishing his formation, sanz signed a new three-year contract with barça, being promoted to the reserves in segunda división b. he made his senior debut on 18 october, coming on as a late substitute in a 1–0 home win over gimnàstic de tarragona. | wikipedia |
4830b17663bd8c45f1486e2a19eecd0de4f759d8 | born in caspe, zaragoza, aragon, sanz started his | born in caspe, zaragoza, aragon, sanz started his career with cd caspe before joining real zaragoza 's youth setup. in 2015, aged 14, he moved to fc barcelona 's la masia. | wikipedia |
67d94af526061d6ebefdd49d6bac13a2feffedbb | hydrus is a suite of windows-based modeling software | hydrus is a suite of windows-based modeling software that can be used for analysis of water flow, heat and solute transport in variably saturated porous media. hydrus suite of software is supported by an interactive graphics-based interface for data-preprocessing, discretization of the soil profile, and graphic present... | wikipedia |
35f909fa335de705b27f98a73d1e9c2458b28547 | constructed wetlands (cws) are engineered water treatment systems | constructed wetlands (cws) are engineered water treatment systems that optimize the treatment processes found in natural environments. cws are popular systems which efficiently treat various types of polluted water and are therefore sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions. a large number of physical, chemical a... | wikipedia |
0c1b17ff91bc20ca21fab7cf0920006bae59d65e | both hydrus-1d and hydrus (2d/3d) has been used | both hydrus-1d and hydrus (2d/3d) has been used in hundreds, if not thousands of applications referenced in peer-reviewed journal articles and many technical reports. both software packages are also used in classrooms of many universities in courses covering soil physics, processes in the vadose zone, or vadose zone hy... | wikipedia |
a04496a0dfb8b583954adae12b8c697ab8567108 | hydrus model further include modules for simulating carbon | hydrus model further include modules for simulating carbon dioxide transport (only hydrus-1d) and major ion chemistry modules, adopted from the unsatchem program. hydrus-1d can thus be used in applications evaluating overall salinity, the concentration of individual soluble cations, as well as of the sodium adsorption ... | wikipedia |
921bb7eb6b73bd54a3ef72d54e571b8a55fe67fb | both hydrus models also consider various provisions for | both hydrus models also consider various provisions for simulating non-equilibrium flow and transport. the flow equation for the latter purpose can consider dual-porosity-type flow with a fraction of the water content being mobile, and a fraction immobile. the transport equations additionally were modified to allow con... | wikipedia |
7079695a3c42e5d55aa73191fedfa5cdc4bcb2ee | the hydrus packages use a microsoft windows-based graphical | the hydrus packages use a microsoft windows-based graphical user interface (gui) to manage the input data required to run the program, as well as for nodal discretization and editing, parameter allocation, problem execution, and visualization of results. all spatially distributed parameters, such as those for various s... | wikipedia |
f46d16e41c3998be25260b686ca201f0c4b44c5c | hydrus models may be used to analyze water | hydrus models may be used to analyze water and solute movement in unsaturated, partially saturated, or fully saturated homogeneous of layered media. the codes incorporates hysteresis by assuming that drying scanning curves are scaled from the main drying curve, and wetting scanning curves from the main wetting curve. r... | wikipedia |
cd3e5093327eedc0b6bbf10bfe21e2ad7e4b60ae | both hydrus models may be used to simulate | both hydrus models may be used to simulate movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media. both programs use linear finite elements to numerically solve the richards equation for saturated-unsaturated water flow and fickian-based advection dispersion equations for both heat and solute transpo... | wikipedia |
2036d3bde8e44d4ae8073d6ff64923d0d1c6674e | the hydrus (2d/3d) (version 1) software package (Šimůnek | the hydrus (2d/3d) (version 1) software package (Šimůnek et al., 2006; Šejna and Šimůnek, 2007) is an extension and replacement of hydrus-2d (version 2.0) and swms_3d (Šimůnek et al., 1995). this software package is a complete rewrite of hydrus-2d and its extensions for two- and three-dimensional geometries. in additio... | wikipedia |
72352e12ccf725801351b12a8f3fdce2d2b18362 | the swms_2d and chain_2d models formed the bases | the swms_2d and chain_2d models formed the bases of versions 1.0 (for 16-bit windows 3.1) and 2.0 (for 32-bit windows 95) of hydrus-2d (Šimůnek et al., 1999). a unique feature of hydrus-2d was that it used a microsoft windows-based graphics user interface (gui) to manage the input data required to run the program, as w... | wikipedia |
fa69bbff54f898bc1c1c129029facc440a3998c2 | the first major upgrade of swms_2d was released | the first major upgrade of swms_2d was released under the name chain_2d (Šimůnek et al., 1994b). this model greatly expanded upon the capabilities of swms_2d by including, among other things, sequential first-order solute decay chains and heat transport. the temperature dependence of the soil hydraulic properties was i... | wikipedia |
e8384879f89f58b221f7007cafd68d89055ef45e | the swms_2d model (Šimůnek et al., 1992) considerably | the swms_2d model (Šimůnek et al., 1992) considerably extended the capabilities of swmii by including provisions for solute transport. solute transport was described using the standard advection-dispersion equation that included linear sorption, first-order degradation in both the liquid and solid phases, and zero-orde... | wikipedia |
213075796f832cd510a0e17b116f18e7b0763398 | this last version of unsat formed the basis | this last version of unsat formed the basis of the swmii model developed by vogel (1987) during his stay at wageningen university, the netherlands. swmii significantly extended the capabilities and ease of use of unsat. the code simulated variably-saturated water flow in two-dimensional transport domains, implemented t... | wikipedia |
c3e439c60cacb2bb7ac38fe3b73544787ba9e84b | the current hydrus (2d/3d) suite of software and | the current hydrus (2d/3d) suite of software and their predecessors have a long history. the origin of these models can be traced back to the early work of dr. shlomo neuman and collaborators (e.g., neuman, 1972) who developed their unsat model at the hydraulic engineering laboratory of technion – israel institute of t... | wikipedia |
ad857677c31d69ea1b8dc6d82da3a6b6a1cc9551 | version 3 included the unsatchem module (suarez and | version 3 included the unsatchem module (suarez and Šimůnek, 1997) for simulating carbon dioxide transport as well as the multi-component transport of major ions. the unsatchem major ion module was recently included also in version 2 of hydrus (2d/3d) (Šimůnek et al., 2011). version 4 of hydrus-1d includes now not only... | wikipedia |
d0ce1e63bb7348f344b94792d77ad027b680c648 | while the standard modules of hydrus-1d can simulate | while the standard modules of hydrus-1d can simulate the transport of solutes that are either fully independent or involved in the sequential first-order degradation chains, the two new modules can consider mutual interactions between multiple solutes, such as cation exchange and precipitation/dissolution. | wikipedia |
d009129ae67f51e9a5fe9ce75d287227ae084451 | various features of these four early models were | various features of these four early models were combined first in the dos-based swmi_st model (Šimůnek et al., 1993), and later in the windows-based hydrus-1d simulator (Šimůnek et al., 1998). after releasing versions 1 (for 16-bit windows 3.1) and 2 (for 32-bit windows 95), the next two major updates (versions 3 and ... | wikipedia |
6599d835789e0d79e6b9d0a9517bdfc8acb453db | hydrus-1d traces its roots to the early work | hydrus-1d traces its roots to the early work of van genuchten and his sumatra and worm models, as well as later work by vogel (1987) and kool and van genuchten (1989) and their swmi and hydrus models, respectively. while hermitian cubic finite element numerical schemes were used in sumatra and linear finite elements in... | wikipedia |
fd53f9fb324c1ccb4907cb2fcb36ac82aa8ab180 | hydrus is a suite of windows -based modeling | hydrus is a suite of windows -based modeling software that can be used for analysis of water flow, heat and solute transport in variably saturated porous media (e.g., soils). hydrus suite of software is supported by an interactive graphics-based interface for data-preprocessing, discretization of the soil profile, and ... | wikipedia |
130f33b6de8af8315184006d673dde44a475e3b0 | on september 6, during the epidemic period, changchun | on september 6, during the epidemic period, changchun city and relevant departments and units failed to implement the "quartet responsibilities" for epidemic prevention and control, and committed dereliction of duty in terms of nosocomial infection prevention and control, nucleic acid testing, and closed-loop managemen... | wikipedia |
ee5a347fbfea0bee061ba845d6b7d093b8d3f0b9 | in may, a citizen of siping city, jilin | in may, a citizen of siping city, jilin province, missed the 25th round of nucleic acid testing on may 19. although he had retested on may 20, he was required to pay the cost of the previous 24 nucleic acid tests. the local government stated that it was an "attitude problem" for the citizen to miss the test. as of may ... | wikipedia |
73b912b1d4f86a953fd73e42ccac26cee5949a33 | on april 28, the office of the leading | on april 28, the office of the leading group for the prevention and control of new coronavirus pneumonia in changchun city issued a notice: after research by the leading group for epidemic prevention and control in changchun city, on april 28 (april 29 for kuancheng district), would gradually restore the normal order o... | wikipedia |
20fb530ccf8beed8ee349e9044a8f67296c09c37 | on march 19, the jilin provincial committee of | on march 19, the jilin provincial committee of the ccp made lu qinglong secretary of the changyi district committee of jilin city and removed liu gefeng from the post; liu huijun became the secretary of the chuanying district committee. | wikipedia |
64c94e794b2f26851c2394649bec2f161e9179b4 | on march 10, zhang lifeng, secretary of the | on march 10, zhang lifeng, secretary of the party committee of jilin institute of agricultural science and technology, which had clustered infections, was dismissed due to poor epidemic prevention work. the jilin provincial committee of the chinese communist party (ccp) decided that yue qiang, the chief inspector of th... | wikipedia |
ba519b14ab3f3caf3e67e4056a4c609ae05a78ae | from march 4, all enclosed spaces in yanji | from march 4, all enclosed spaces in yanji city were closed, off-campus training institutions suspended offline education, daycare institutions suspended offline services, religious places suspended services and collective religious activities, and activity venues suspended entertainment, singing and dancing, and perfo... | wikipedia |
bc80c21c14b96422f0a3e4fb5b1a65b8d7f0d239 | on february 20, many communities were assessed as | on february 20, many communities were assessed as low-risk areas; dongchang district had no new confirmed cases for 14 consecutive days, and the whole area had been judged low-risk simultaneously. at the time, no medium or high risk areas existed in jilin province. | wikipedia |
133b642ba16ed844ac07a4157aac1abfadac4c61 | in mid-february, the cdcp published a paper in | in mid-february, the cdcp published a paper in its official english journal, disclosing the details of the epidemic. during promotional activities, at least 141 related cases of infection were uncovered. according to the paper, despite muscle pain and other symptoms, lin went to a pharmacy to buy medicine and then gave... | wikipedia |
86db5b7e6688a7f50f4dd2cf3cb16db0ab1bec31 | on january 25, the changchun municipal commission for | on january 25, the changchun municipal commission for discipline inspection and supervision held accountable eight party members and cadres who failed to perform their duties, neglected supervision, and neglected duties in the prevention and control of the epidemic in gongzhuling city. | wikipedia |
681141f228d1a3efb552c0ab9a9bad8491d10e81 | on january 23, tonghua city announced that 14 | on january 23, tonghua city announced that 14 party members and cadres, including the director of the municipal health and health commission, the director of the municipal center for disease control and prevention, and the deputy director of the municipal transportation bureau, were held accountable for failing to moni... | wikipedia |
c79c23c5dec23cf3e0878289ee8fb05be617950e | on january 16, many areas were made medium-risk | on january 16, many areas were made medium-risk areas. health care centers in changchun and tonghua organized training and teaching activities to sell products. liu shunchang, deputy director of the jilin provincial department of market supervision, said that the relevant departments of the two places had launched a jo... | wikipedia |
c27ac614f47cd83cf107857395e49bf3fa6c44f2 | as of july 27, jilin province had had | as of july 27, jilin province had had no new imported confirmed cases for 86 consecutive days. the province had reported a total of 19 confirmed cases imported from abroad, and a total of 19 cases had been cured and discharged. on july 26, 2 newly imported confirmed cases appeared in dalian (2 cases in siping city) acr... | wikipedia |
ed26aadf4ef811eec884332d4fc169631dbe125c | on june 7, all road checkpoints in the | on june 7, all road checkpoints in the urban area of jilin city were cancelled and expressway checkpoints resumed normal traffic. at the same time, communities with no confirmed cases or those with confirmed cases that had been closed for more than 28 days were allowed to reopen; communities with confirmed cases that h... | wikipedia |
72a76a296f48b38b6572199ffacbe2964b16656b | the steering group of the national health and | the steering group of the national health and medical commission and the china center for disease control and prevention arrived in jilin city and shulan city on the same day to supervise prevention activities and take control; before may 8, the vice governor of jilin province, an lijia, the executive deputy head of th... | wikipedia |
f4df3ba0ae1491598d3c781c2a7946053df63fca | students in the third grade would switch to | students in the third grade would switch to online teaching. at jilin provincial epidemic prevention and control video conference, bayin chaolu, secretary of the jilin provincial party committee and leader of the provincial epidemic prevention and control leading group, said that it is necessary to learn from the lesso... | wikipedia |
383f15c2328de9c0bfb92e6cfe2f64d2e61e5bb2 | on may 9, in response to a new | on may 9, in response to a new domestic primary case in shulan city, the pandemic grade in shulan city was raised from low to medium; the next day, due to 11 new confirmed cases in shulan city, the risk level of lanzhou city was raised again, from medium to high. shulan city adopted strict control measures. some local ... | wikipedia |
e57f241829bed82e813134b8948443c225c800b2 | on february 24, the spokesperson of the yanbian | on february 24, the spokesperson of the yanbian county government stated that it would strengthen the joint prevention and control of customs, disease control, and public security inspections at the airport. arrivals from south korea would be separated and detained by county and city. scenic spots in yanbian prefecture... | wikipedia |
f814faebab2dd9f40f2d0e16d15f8018720ca7d5 | the ford powershift is a six- or seven-speed | the ford powershift is a six- or seven-speed dual-clutch automatic transmission, produced by the ford motor company. the older ford powershift gearboxes were built by getrag ford transmissions, a joint-venture with getrag, however it is unknown who exactly makes the newer 7-speed models. powershift improves fuel effici... | wikipedia |
28274953e387977cc34dee8d8e3c7a10bb33d7c1 | ford thailand agreed to buy back about 200 | ford thailand agreed to buy back about 200 ford fiesta and focus models with faulty powershift transmissions. ford brazil extended the warranty of the transmission to 10 years or 240.000 km. ford usa extended the warranty of the transmission to 7 years or 100,000 miles depending on the model year of the vehicle. ford a... | wikipedia |
fd1b53381b39202d9a3234e526669f96e47a56a5 | however, subsequent journalistic investigations conducted after the focus | however, subsequent journalistic investigations conducted after the focus and fiesta models were succeeded, has revealed that ford engineers and executives were aware of the problems before and after the release of it, with developmental engineers even stating in company e-mails that there was "no driveable calibration... | wikipedia |
a498b6acc1132f09d332e414c6e36db9b3cb9395 | ford has claimed that the defects were caused | ford has claimed that the defects were caused by either a faulty throwout bearing or input shaft and rear main seals that leak fluid onto the clutch causing it to slip even while supposedly fully engaged. ford has released fixes of the seals and updated clutch kits. there were also issues with the transmission control ... | wikipedia |
afa8085ccba868cfe664fca3fdfcb7b8b18a6423 | ford has faced class-action lawsuits and fraud investigations | ford has faced class-action lawsuits and fraud investigations in the united states, australia and canada over the powershift gearbox as being defective and potentially dangerous in the ford focus, ford fiesta and ford ecosport. the lawsuits allege that vehicles equipped with the powershift gearbox "continue to experien... | wikipedia |
3569b9b44680bcaa4cfe61d1c467cc4ac3a8082f | the gearboxes with dry clutch packs were used | the gearboxes with dry clutch packs were used in the fiesta, focus and ecosport. dry clutches are designed to be used in manual transmissions, and are known to have very peculiar engagement properties, unlike wet (oil-bathed) clutches which are much smoother in operation, and have a higher tolerance for slipping the cl... | wikipedia |
ccd8ad37925e8f2c3d66bb566b81e11e0e438e4f | while p3 volvo models using the ecoboost engine | while p3 volvo models using the ecoboost engine in 1.6t derivatives are equipped with the 6-speed powershift, some older p3 platform cars feature the 6-speed powershift in 2.0t derivatives (badged t3 (1.6t), t4 (1.6t), and 2.0t). | wikipedia |
4daea75bbb131d457c00a56adcc2eca6e012ef9c | the operation of a dual-clutch transmission is analogous | the operation of a dual-clutch transmission is analogous to two traditional manual transmissions, each with its own clutch, operating in parallel and alternating shifts. the ford unit is a six-speed with one clutch acting on reverse, first, third, and fifth gears, and the other used for second, fourth, sixth gears. as ... | wikipedia |
4b2569f4d655f97a33db24e5953a1ab526b54094 | the ford powershift is a six- or seven-speed | the ford powershift is a six- or seven-speed dual-clutch automatic transmission, produced by the ford motor company. the older ford powershift gearboxes were built by getrag ford transmissions, a joint-venture with getrag, however it is unknown who exactly makes the newer 7-speed models. powershift improves fuel effici... | wikipedia |
113f0297316daf04b5b3e7dac302f61a3a11cff6 | he has received many awards for his work, | he has received many awards for his work, including the best paper award at ieee visual languages 1998 (co-authored with polle zellweger, bay-wei chang, and takeo igarashi). in 2005, mackinlay won dmreview's data visualization competition. in 2009, he received the visualization technical achievement award from the ieee... | wikipedia |
e98d3db87517349f08ba148f2a3b01169533d3ec | mackinlay has been an active member of the | mackinlay has been an active member of the academic research community since the late 1980s. he was uist'91 program chair and uist'92 conference chair, and was papers co-chair for chi'96. he was also on the editorial boards for acm tochi (1997-2003) and ieee cg&a (2004-6). | wikipedia |
17ec656360138024d3eab5512d085325e91d85d9 | in 2003, mackinlay was on chris stolte's dissertation | in 2003, mackinlay was on chris stolte's dissertation committee at stanford along with professor pat hanrahan. stolte and hanrahan had extended mackinlay's dissertation to a formal specification language that combines query, analysis, and visualization into a single framework. they went on to found tableau software aft... | wikipedia |
f698e049b5634acd06d094609ca0b00e372b45b8 | in 2000, mackinlay took a year-long sabbatical from | in 2000, mackinlay took a year-long sabbatical from xerox parc to work as a visiting professor at aarhus university in denmark, where he taught courses in information visualization and user interfaces of mobile devices (co-taught with polle zellweger). | wikipedia |
28afb0e954754c938ce2af7275462c40e30888d3 | in 1976, mackinlay started working as a systems | in 1976, mackinlay started working as a systems analyst for the bank of america in san francisco. in 1977 he became a systems analyst at minimax research corporation. from 1979 to 1986 he was a research assistant at stanford university while getting his phd. in 1986 he joined xerox parc, where he collaborated with the ... | wikipedia |
7f7a374c3a0cdf1f8e6861f4281fc7deb518f506 | jock mackinlay was born in nuremberg, germany, and | jock mackinlay was born in nuremberg, germany, and received his ba in mathematics and computer science from uc berkeley in 1975 and his phd in computer science from stanford university in 1986, where he pioneered the automatic design of graphical presentations of relational information. | wikipedia |
53866071196ca1e43278de4c96c9c5a28536609a | jock d. mackinlay (born august 16, 1952) is | jock d. mackinlay (born august 16, 1952) is an american information visualization expert and vice president of research and design at tableau software. with stuart card, george g. robertson and others he invented a number of information visualization techniques. | wikipedia |
d838464002a914e5f2f80c1d13dfb93f6f9c9470 | alassane ouattara stadium, commonly known as the olympic | alassane ouattara stadium, commonly known as the olympic stadium of ebimpé and formerly as the national stadium of the ivory coast, is a multi-purpose stadium in ebimpé and anyama, in northern abidjan. it opened in 2020. the stadium hosts major football matches including home matches of the ivory coast national footbal... | wikipedia |
0195925b4ad350d578f83267a84618e07dce4d2d | alassane ouattara stadium, commonly known as the olympic | because of delays in the construction of stadiums and other necessary infrastructure; it was relocated to egypt. then-caf president ahmad ahmad said that cameroon had agreed to host the 2021 tournament instead. consequently, ivory coast, the original hosts of 2021, hosted the 2023 africa cup of nations. on 30 january ... | wikipedia |
f6011b3baa830fad96c2832e8a507f998c05999d | the stadium was inaugurated on 3 october 2020 | the stadium was inaugurated on 3 october 2020 and was named after president alassane ouattara. many officials and the chinese ambassador in ivory coast were also present at a party in the stadium which contained a show of dance and music. a friendly match was also played after the show between the two most popular club... | wikipedia |
85115e57532728093334aef92864d7c486527e9c | official construction activities commenced on december 22, 2016, | official construction activities commenced on december 22, 2016, with an initial delivery deadline set for october 2019, totaling 34 months for completion. at its peak, the construction site saw around 1,500 individuals working, with approximately 400 of them being chinese personnel. however, the project experienced si... | wikipedia |
ea0e92a8176d3d62fd14251499f37bddeefb6b31 | the ground was broken for the stadium on | the ground was broken for the stadium on 22 december 2016 by prime minister daniel kablan duncan, with the presence of a china embassy representative. in keeping with the common practice in chinese – african partnerships, most of the work on the stadium was carried out by chinese companies, with an array of chinese bra... | wikipedia |
acc6fceeab06d223be65a7eb8581990fd6c76f5a | the stadium was primarily designed and its construction | the stadium was primarily designed and its construction was initiated with the intention of hosting the 2021 africa cup of nations, under the leadership of prime minister daniel kablan duncan, but on 30 november 2018, caf stripped cameroon of hosting the 2019 africa cup of nations because of delays in the construction ... | wikipedia |
e12cb9ba5d9c3f7776305bc82a83ec9af703bea1 | designed by the beijing institute architectural design the | designed by the beijing institute architectural design the new national stadium of ivory coast was strategically situated away from abidjan, positioned between the communes of ebimpé and anyama. in a direct distance, it stands approximately 20 km north of central abidjan. the decision to relocate the country's sporting... | wikipedia |
d6b44d5e808f350e85d49fd45b28a836183eca3a | alassane ouattara stadium, commonly known as the olympic | alassane ouattara stadium, commonly known as the olympic stadium of ebimpé and formerly as the national stadium of the ivory coast, is a multi-purpose stadium in ebimpé and anyama, in northern abidjan. it opened in 2020. the stadium hosts major football matches including home matches of the ivory coast national footbal... | wikipedia |
97beecf329150dd2eb1e14091d9beeb94744c572 | the 2019 ncaa division i men's soccer season | the 2019 ncaa division i men's soccer season was the 61st season of ncaa championship men's college soccer. the regular season began on august 30, 2019 and continued into the third weekend of november 2019. the season culminated with the four-team college cup at wakemed soccer park in cary, north carolina, december 13–... | wikipedia |
5012bce17c6b02fd71e7f01624c9e2c086febcfc | this was also the final season for four | this was also the final season for four schools in their then-current conferences. the cal state bakersfield roadrunners and kansas city roos both left their then-current home of the western athletic conference, with the roadrunners joining the big west conference and the roos returning to the summit league in july 202... | wikipedia |
160669b6d31024b04eebbe4df3821b282b108926 | despite the program's many successes, the university of | despite the program's many successes, the university of new mexico 's board of regents voted, for economic reasons, to discontinue the men's soccer program and three other sports teams at the conclusion of their 2018–19 seasons. | wikipedia |
8c60c1560d6f019ac077a22b5d6401ab4155ca0a | three schools that sponsor men's soccer began transitions | three schools that sponsor men's soccer began transitions from division ii in the 2020–21 school year. bellarmine will join the asun conference, dixie state will join the western athletic conference, and uc san diego will join the big west conference. | wikipedia |
42d16616cf3533e083601fd8b9994f6b2609ba58 | in addition to liu, one other division i | in addition to liu, one other division i men's soccer program assumed a new athletic identity during the 2018–19 offseason. on july 1, 2019, the university of missouri–kansas city (umkc) announced that its athletic program, previously known as the umkc kangaroos, would henceforth be known as the kansas city roos. | wikipedia |
8aeb0d414ad9e198e1f5a1da592675938960279e | long island university announced in october 2018 that | long island university announced in october 2018 that its two current athletic programs—the division i liu brooklyn blackbirds and the division ii liu post pioneers —would merge into a single division i athletic program under the liu name after the 2018–19 school year. the unified program, which maintains liu brooklyn'... | wikipedia |
97beecf329150dd2eb1e14091d9beeb94744c572 | the 2019 ncaa division i men's soccer season | the 2019 ncaa division i men's soccer season was the 61st season of ncaa championship men's college soccer. the regular season began on august 30, 2019 and continued into the third weekend of november 2019. the season culminated with the four-team college cup at wakemed soccer park in cary, north carolina, december 13–... | wikipedia |
39bfbc4fe762f38c2ce2839cf929fab01c9568fb | sequential quadratic programming (sqp) is an iterative method | sequential quadratic programming (sqp) is an iterative method for constrained nonlinear optimization which may be considered a quasi-newton method. sqp methods are used on mathematical problems for which the objective function and the constraints are twice continuously differentiable, but not necessarily convex. sqp me... | wikipedia |
7e667e7c927019b68d25196ce6c1b9f7d86ebf53 | together, the sqp algorithm starts by first choosing | together, the sqp algorithm starts by first choosing the initial iterate (x 0, λ 0, σ 0) {\displaystyle (x_{0},\lambda _{0},\sigma _{0})}, then calculating ∇ 2 l (x 0, λ 0, σ 0) {\displaystyle \nabla ^{2}{\mathcal {l}}(x_{0},\lambda _{0},\sigma _{0})} and ∇ l (x 0, λ 0, σ 0) {\displaystyle \nabla {\mathcal {l}}(x_{0},\... | wikipedia |
dcd461930dc02fef746ee680c23981310c2b0829 | where the quadratic form is formed with the | where the quadratic form is formed with the hessian of the lagrangian.note that the term f (x k) {\displaystyle f(x_{k})} in the expression above may be left out for the minimization problem, since it is constant under the min d {\displaystyle \min \limits _{d}} operator. | wikipedia |
a09b4d47bf1724ec46c38c71691cb0eb12c1aeb6 | however, because the matrix ∇ 2 l {\displaystyle | however, because the matrix ∇ 2 l {\displaystyle \nabla ^{2}{\mathcal {l}}} is generally singular (and therefore non- invertible), the newton step d k = (∇ x x 2 l) − 1 ∇ l {\displaystyle d_{k}=\left(\nabla _{xx}^{2}{\mathcal {l}}\right)^{-1}\nabla {\mathcal {l}}} cannot be calculated directly. instead the basic sequen... | wikipedia |
775f18fb1fd630f34e8fa0043f75c37933f51540 | = − − 1 ⏟ ∇ 2 l | = − − 1 ⏟ ∇ 2 l ⏟ ∇ l {\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}x_{k+1}\\\lambda _{k+1}\\\sigma _{k+1}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}x_{k}\\\lambda _{k}\\\sigma _{k}\end{bmatrix}}-\underbrace {{\begin{bmatrix}\nabla _{xx}^{2}{\mathcal {l}}&\nabla h&\nabla g\\\nabla h^{t}&0&0\\\nabla g^{t}&0&0\end{bmatrix}}^{-1}} _{\nabla ^{2}{\ma... | wikipedia |
db45cd6b91b96ed2a1908208dd9bebef098928c6 | the standard newton's method searches for the solution | the standard newton's method searches for the solution ∇ l (x, λ, σ) = 0 {\displaystyle \nabla {\mathcal {l}}(x,\lambda,\sigma)=0} by iterating the following equation, where ∇ x x 2 {\displaystyle \nabla _{xx}^{2}} denotes the hessian matrix: | wikipedia |
0693cede79e025f3990ecf9091179c2d964be121 | sqp methods solve a sequence of optimization subproblems, | sqp methods solve a sequence of optimization subproblems, each of which optimizes a quadratic model of the objective subject to a linearization of the constraints. if the problem is unconstrained, then the method reduces to newton's method for finding a point where the gradient of the objective vanishes. if the problem... | wikipedia |
5942d66aed47166e9c4c291d64b700918c6d00dc | sequential quadratic programming (sqp) is an iterative method | sequential quadratic programming (sqp) is an iterative method for constrained nonlinear optimization which may be considered a quasi-newton method. sqp methods are used on mathematical problems for which the objective function and the constraints are twice continuously differentiable, but not necessarily convex. | wikipedia |
caba3b5d319d71fad2d0be07f23e902c94ec4f75 | a trapped-ion quantum computer is one proposed approach | a trapped-ion quantum computer is one proposed approach to a large-scale quantum computer. ions, or charged atomic particles, can be confined and suspended in free space using electromagnetic fields. qubits are stored in stable electronic states of each ion, and quantum information can be transferred through the collec... | wikipedia |
4ba593c3b27a646427385c00ba7db0438322ba51 | the next component of a cnot gate is | the next component of a cnot gate is the controlled phase-flip gate, or the controlled- x gate (see quantum logic gate). in a trapped-ion quantum computer, the state of the center of mass phonon functions as the control qubit, and the internal atomic spin state of the ion is the working qubit. the phase of the working ... | wikipedia |
273b6b41d43e3c1b84c7895da556ed40ade01fe3 | the controlled not gate is a crucial component | the controlled not gate is a crucial component for quantum computing, as any quantum gate can be created by a combination of cnot gates and single-qubit rotations. it is therefore important that a trapped-ion quantum computer can perform this operation by meeting the following three requirements. | wikipedia |
eb6cd0ee58e4c7b6be1a8db1aeed68c7f5e979ce | trapped-ion quantum computers theoretically meet all of divincenzo's | trapped-ion quantum computers theoretically meet all of divincenzo's criteria for quantum computing, but implementation of the system can be quite difficult. the main challenges facing trapped-ion quantum computing are the initialization of the ion's motional states, and the relatively brief lifetimes of the phonon sta... | wikipedia |
143764b24832eff28be7e982c1400e9f8c821612 | one way to combat decoherence is to represent | one way to combat decoherence is to represent the quantum state in a new basis called the decoherence-free subspaces, or dfs., with basis states | ↑ ↓ ⟩ {\displaystyle \left|\uparrow \downarrow \right\rangle } and | ↓ ↑ ⟩ {\displaystyle \left|\downarrow \uparrow \right\rangle }. the dfs is actually the subspace of two ... | wikipedia |
0798729b85d305820c8704c5b281b3c26741ebc1 | additional relative phases could arise from physical movements | additional relative phases could arise from physical movements of the trap or the presence of unintended electric fields. if the user could determine the parameter α, accounting for this decoherence would be relatively simple, as known quantum information processes exist for correcting a relative phase. however, since ... | wikipedia |
a1fe2e55328d860b0bf47936814d0e3277922ad4 | | ↑ ⟩ + | ↓ ⟩ ⟶ | | ↑ ⟩ + | ↓ ⟩ ⟶ exp (i α) | ↑ ⟩ + | ↓ ⟩ {\displaystyle \left|\uparrow \right\rangle +\left|\downarrow \right\rangle \longrightarrow \exp(i\alpha)\left|\uparrow \right\rangle +\left|\downarrow \right\rangle } | wikipedia |
ad5cc81b14ae520489a90dd6dad1d430152367a0 | when an ion is being transported between regions | when an ion is being transported between regions in an interconnected trap and is subjected to a nonuniform magnetic field, decoherence can occur in the form of the equation below (see zeeman effect). this effectively changes the relative phase of the quantum state. the up and down arrows correspond to a general superp... | wikipedia |
40ec8e56a8955fbeab424b1708e47914c7072d65 | the variable electric potential created by the electrodes | the variable electric potential created by the electrodes can both trap ions in specific regions and move them through the transport channels, which negates the necessity of containing all ions in a single trap. ions in the qccd's memory region are isolated from any operations and therefore the information contained in... | wikipedia |
a24910d0f6183ad9fde98a43a28545af5fa231b7 | quantum computers must be capable of initializing, storing, | quantum computers must be capable of initializing, storing, and manipulating many qubits at once in order to solve difficult computational problems. however, as previously discussed, a finite number of qubits can be stored in each trap while still maintaining their computational abilities. it is therefore necessary to ... | wikipedia |
623377b63b5bc9e92589090463e554e7eb6d2734 | besides the controlled-not gate proposed by cirac and | besides the controlled-not gate proposed by cirac and zoller in 1995, many equivalent, but more robust, schemes have been proposed and implemented experimentally since. recent theoretical work by jj. garcia-ripoll, cirac, and zoller have shown that there are no fundamental limitations to the speed of entangling gates, ... | wikipedia |
c408260ea0d3a9d46c20460673ccfe2dc42abe4b | to obtain the hamiltonian for the ion-laser interaction, | to obtain the hamiltonian for the ion-laser interaction, apply the jaynes–cummings model. once the hamiltonian is found, the formula for the unitary operation performed on the qubit can be derived using the principles of quantum time evolution. although this model utilizes the rotating wave approximation, it proves to ... | wikipedia |
0f47d4c5fd06b67eb1eae8c2057d4e7d435b2ea5 | the rotation operators r x (θ) {\displaystyle r_{x}(\theta)} | the rotation operators r x (θ) {\displaystyle r_{x}(\theta)} and r y (θ) {\displaystyle r_{y}(\theta)} can be applied to individual ions by manipulating the frequency of an external electromagnetic field from and exposing the ions to the field for specific amounts of time. these controls create a hamiltonian of the for... | wikipedia |
04374736430091daaa53f9c64c191a1dcea9bdc2 | one of the requirements of universal quantum computing | one of the requirements of universal quantum computing is to coherently change the state of a single qubit. for example, this can transform a qubit starting out in 0 into any arbitrary superposition of 0 and 1 defined by the user. in a trapped-ion system, this is often done using magnetic dipole transitions or stimulat... | wikipedia |
ee2c4171bb325e5a8d602ec37e8cd2af292b6131 | measuring the state of the qubit stored in | measuring the state of the qubit stored in an ion is quite simple. typically, a laser is applied to the ion that couples only one of the qubit states. when the ion collapses into this state during the measurement process, the laser will excite it, resulting in a photon being released when the ion decays from the excite... | wikipedia |
fd2ece591c9e5690826a0fc6c2fae999b4300784 | the system's initial state for quantum computation can | the system's initial state for quantum computation can therefore be described by the ions in their hyperfine and motional ground states, resulting in an initial center of mass phonon state of | 0 ⟩ {\displaystyle |0\rangle } (zero phonons). | wikipedia |
c895cfc068cd4d45a4bfdbcd54cc203a5c79f7c1 | ionic qubit states can be prepared in a | ionic qubit states can be prepared in a specific qubit state using a process called optical pumping. in this process, a laser couples the ion to some excited states which eventually decay to one state which is not coupled to the laser. once the ion reaches that state, it has no excited levels to couple to in the presen... | wikipedia |
41d8290dafcfd0320d48f4f3462096e32786ff25 | hyperfine qubits are extremely long-lived (decay time of | hyperfine qubits are extremely long-lived (decay time of the order of thousands to millions of years) and phase/frequency stable (traditionally used for atomic frequency standards). optical qubits are also relatively long-lived (with a decay time of the order of a second), compared to the logic gate operation time (whi... | wikipedia |
b8bccb95c1a0d7beb4ef85087ff4478c0f877c41 | once trapped, the ions should be cooled such | once trapped, the ions should be cooled such that k b t ≪ ℏ ω z {\displaystyle k_{\rm {b}}t\ll \hbar \omega _{z}} (see lamb dicke regime). this can be achieved by a combination of doppler cooling and resolved sideband cooling. at this very low temperature, vibrational energy in the ion trap is quantized into phonons by... | wikipedia |
213f1bb4ab892173b4d6af02e570a8dad60ae378 | this saddle point is the point of minimized | this saddle point is the point of minimized energy magnitude, | e (x) | {\displaystyle |e(\mathbf {x})|}, for the ions in the potential field. the paul trap is often described as a harmonic potential well that traps ions in two dimensions (assume x ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {x}}} and y ^ {\displaystyle {\widehat {y}}} wit... | wikipedia |
10f18fa1150d3f0e36aa5520865b599b9138d7f0 | the electrodynamic quadrupole ion trap currently used in | the electrodynamic quadrupole ion trap currently used in trapped-ion quantum computing research was invented in the 1950s by wolfgang paul (who received the nobel prize for his work in 1989). charged particles cannot be trapped in 3d by just electrostatic forces because of earnshaw's theorem. instead, an electric field... | wikipedia |
c704c1e3c696e08dd4b37b04eb86060fe038a397 | the first implementation scheme for a controlled-not quantum | the first implementation scheme for a controlled-not quantum gate was proposed by ignacio cirac and peter zoller in 1995, specifically for the trapped-ion system. the same year, a key step in the controlled-not gate was experimentally realized at nist ion storage group, and research in quantum computing began to take o... | wikipedia |
1917eb92896d9ba2bc03aa7948b71ea9913164a5 | the fundamental operations of a quantum computer have | the fundamental operations of a quantum computer have been demonstrated experimentally with the currently highest accuracy in trapped-ion systems. promising schemes in development to scale the system to arbitrarily large numbers of qubits include transporting ions to spatially distinct locations in an array of ion trap... | wikipedia |
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