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id stringlengths 40 40	title stringlengths 15 120	text stringlengths 41 3.14k	source stringclasses 2 values
389b9e25bac8cb28dd62a9bdc0906c8e5714b3d0	gitau is the director of research capacity strengthening	gitau is the director of research capacity strengthening at the african population and health research center, contributing to its signature programme: the consortium for the advancement of research training in africa (carta). she serves on numerous advisory boards including the independent scientific advisory board (i...	wikipedia
a19783399af07d9d99ff145f125dd0119b4c4fc3	gitau served as the african academy of science	gitau served as the african academy of science 's programme manager for the alliance for accelerating excellence in science in african (aesa). in this capacity, she set up the grand challenges africa initiative, raising over $11 million, and oversaw the implementation. the initiative, supported by the bill and melinda ...	wikipedia
8139f71fd60245fb427b8145f27d6aa3f84817ac	gitau's research emphasised how severe malnutrition often overlapped	gitau's research emphasised how severe malnutrition often overlapped with severe malaria and other childhood infections: children who were severely undernourished were more likely to die from preventable infections. in 2013, as a postdoctoral researcher at the kemri-wellcome trust research programme (kwtp), she receive...	wikipedia
8242e0a421348097a0396fbab93091934e135212	gitau returned to kenya in 2007 to work	gitau returned to kenya in 2007 to work as a post-doctoral assistant in kilifi. there, she investigated the cellular immune responses to the p. falciparum malaria. gitau's research examines how cerebral malaria affects cells, specifically in children, and has led internationally competitive research on the subject. sam...	wikipedia
e36a7899328c7fd6d20118993240e8eda299d1cb	in 2002, gitau, joined the kemri-wellcome trust programme	in 2002, gitau, joined the kemri-wellcome trust programme as a research assistant in pharmacology. the kemri-wellcome trust programme-kenya then sponsored her doctoral degree in cellular immunology at the open university in the uk, in collaboration with the liverpool school of tropical medicine. gitau's doctoral resear...	wikipedia
ac52384d864681fcc36174791bf74aaae14a09ca	gitau grew up in the dagoretti area of	gitau grew up in the dagoretti area of nairobi, kenya. she attended the kenya high school from 1990 to 1993, where she developed a passion for chemistry, and would spend her free time at the chemistry lab at the university of nairobi where her best friend's father was the head of the chemistry department. after graduat...	wikipedia
dd0b7237b6c4eb96b1b7cb86bb429e2c0a8e422b	azobenzene reductase also known as azoreductase is an	azobenzene reductase also known as azoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: the 3 substrates of this enzyme are n,n-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, aniline, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ion, whereas its 3 products are 4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotid...	wikipedia
22e386e86cb5e365af1ea117143a95d826a765da	as of late 2007, 3 structures have been	as of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with pdb accession codes 1nni, 1v4b, and 2d5i. please check the last updated data on rcsb pdb site.	wikipedia
1835a763c81eb8c61f1414088248f44bdfba67d6	most azoreductase isoenzymes can reduce methyl red, but	most azoreductase isoenzymes can reduce methyl red, but are not able to reduce sulfonated azo dyes. the unique azoreductase isozyme from bacillus sp. b29 has the ability to reduce sulfonated azo dyes however.	wikipedia
23afc48a4fa093d49a9363bbacc51f7c1ccf82c7	the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme proceeds via	the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme proceeds via a ping-pong mechanism by using 2 equivalents of nad(p)h to reduce one equivalent of the azo compound substrate (for example methyl red where ar = p - dimethylaniline and ar' = o - benzoic acid) into two equivalents of aniline product:	wikipedia
31a5daeb9ad6cf3af08db3a53b793f08b1e2877e	the 3 substrates of this enzyme are n,n-dimethyl-	the 3 substrates of this enzyme are n,n-dimethyl- 1,4-phenylenediamine, aniline, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ion, whereas its 3 products are 4-(dimethylamino) azobenzene, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and hydrogen ion.	wikipedia
b4ad176a40a55dccc1d813bf53d0603216e175a8	the einstein prize for laser science was a	the einstein prize for laser science was a recognition awarded by the former society for optical and quantum electronics and sponsored by the eastman kodak company. the prize, awarded in the 1988–1999 period, consisted of a 3-inch brass medal including einstein's image and a depiction of a two-level transition includin...	wikipedia
5fd8bf48a5071e24d83007ea975d771c50c18678	paul corkum, 1999 in retrospect, the prize was	paul corkum, 1999 in retrospect, the prize was mainly awarded for significant contributions in quantum optics. two recipients of the einstein prize for laser science were already nobel laureates in physics and five other recipients went on to win the nobel prize in physics. presentation of the prize was done at the las...	wikipedia
a76082eb2172931d020fefc9f43a550523478c8c	in retrospect, the prize was mainly awarded for	in retrospect, the prize was mainly awarded for significant contributions in quantum optics. two recipients of the einstein prize for laser science were already nobel laureates in physics (w. e. lamb and n. f. ramsey) and five other recipients went on to win the nobel prize in physics (s. haroche, j. l. hall, t. w. hän...	wikipedia
1a669d34e02fab9531d67d75473b6d57009d7e08	the einstein prize for laser science was a	the einstein prize for laser science was a recognition awarded by the former society for optical and quantum electronics and sponsored by the eastman kodak company. the prize, awarded in the 1988–1999 period, consisted of a 3-inch brass medal including einstein's image and a depiction of a two-level transition includin...	wikipedia
64f795b7015c20f9dbef1a53727bcbfc33a1e96c	face space is a theoretical idea in psychology	face space is a theoretical idea in psychology such that it is a multidimensional space in which recognizable faces are stored. the representation of faces within this space are according to invariant features of the face itself. however, recently it was theoretically demonstrated that faces can be stored in the face s...	wikipedia
e2541912ada8c00a0c896e4bfe13578eb14159ab	in a police lineup, choosing the sole suspect	in a police lineup, choosing the sole suspect that has a distinguishing feature described by the eyewitness (such as a piercing) on the basis of that feature alone, is not fair to that potentially innocent suspect. to correct for this partiality, you can either cover up the feature on the individual, or replicate the f...	wikipedia
67a45659864996967bc868dd0ee35849737dd535	face-space puts an emphasis on facial identification according	face-space puts an emphasis on facial identification according to similarities or differences between whole faces, rather than individual facial features. accordingly, principal component analysis is used to derive certain dimensions or ‘eigenfaces’ from sample faces, which can be combined and encoded upon to construct...	wikipedia
52aaefb971e713742473e7d7119c1959aa030717	norm-based face-space on the other hand explains the	norm-based face-space on the other hand explains the own-race bias as a consequence of distance from the ‘norm face’. own-race faces are located nearer the norm, whereas other-race faces are grouped further from it, making own-race faces quicker to process and recognise.	wikipedia
ed3e8aaad2294371c061591550bee7802a913400	an interpretation of the location of faces within	an interpretation of the location of faces within face-space using multidimensional scaling, reveals that other-race faces are densely packed within a more distant area of face-space, while own-race faces are more unbiasedly distributed around the origin. this is explained in terms of the difference in exemplar density...	wikipedia
c48cc683aa431d416072c841fdf42f441b495478	a caricature effect denotes the finding that caricatured	a caricature effect denotes the finding that caricatured faces are more easily recognised than veridical (original) ones. caricatures compare individual faces with an ‘average’ face (simplified version of original) and exaggerate the facial differences that are found, thus giving the original face more distinctive feat...	wikipedia
fbdc11b4c1ea9a15cd4f2288f86a398005c52b50	multiple studies have found that faces with distinctive	multiple studies have found that faces with distinctive features are recognised more easily than typical faces. the face-space framework is able to explain this finding as it assumes that faces are distributed normally across its dimensions. therefore, numerous typical faces are found at the origin of the model, with i...	wikipedia
c659b5ba1a982aac522f35ba96ffef56ec96a754	in the norm-based model, the encoding of faces	in the norm-based model, the encoding of faces is relative to a central face at the origin: a ‘norm face’. faces are arranged using vectors from this norm, with the vector’s parameters of length and direction determined by the distinctiveness and features of the face respectively.	wikipedia
a103c1fc1e38d03ccd29484c556b2da52bebfdeb	two slightly different models of face-space are standard:	two slightly different models of face-space are standard: norm and exemplar-based face-spaces. both models encode faces in a multidimensional psychological space and account for factors like race and inversion. however, they differ in terms of their explanation of a face’s location in the space; either as a vector from...	wikipedia
b6c968ac8b77d63a28d27df1e00dd152a0cf3a0a	storing a face in a specific location within	storing a face in a specific location within face-space involves the encoding of facial data into the dimensions of the framework. however, encoding is never perfect; any factor that hinders face recognition can induce encoding error. factors like negative colours, minimal viewing time and inversion (seen upside-down) ...	wikipedia
1de7fd8a6c59fcb7603f0e69ffc3145b75a4bef9	mathematical assumptions are also necessary to explain the	mathematical assumptions are also necessary to explain the features of face-space. the central point of face-space (i.e. the origin) represents the central tendency of all the dimensions of facial features, with stored faces assumed to have a normal distribution in each of these dimensions. as such, faces are arranged ...	wikipedia
e683705dcc49d3d0f26f6444e365af5147ac7492	the face-space framework is a psychological model that	the face-space framework is a psychological model that explains how (adult) humans process and store facial information, which we use for facial recognition. it is multidimensional, with each dimension categorised by certain facial features, some of which may be: face shape, hair colour and length, distance between the...	wikipedia
9263277ef67975141b877d70e79fe633672f0a73	face space is useful for accounting various aspects	face space is useful for accounting various aspects of face recognition including, the own-race bias, distinctiveness and caricature effects. the framework has also provided useful applications in the design of forensic techniques for eyewitness identification, such as facial composites and police lineups.	wikipedia
d7136ffb4d34b6aff3cdf567f23ab9cb1bf1fc90	the face space framework has been highly influential	the face space framework has been highly influential in recent face processing theory; cited in almost 1000 scientific articles and recently revisited in a special edition of the journal quarterly journal of experimental psychology featuring the top 10 ideas that have appeared in the journal's pages.	wikipedia
558fae4f879d4dbe3034c54c336d6bbe1292fbee	face space is a theoretical idea in psychology	face space is a theoretical idea in psychology such that it is a multidimensional space in which recognizable faces are stored. the representation of faces within this space are according to invariant features of the face itself. however, recently it was theoretically demonstrated that faces can be stored in the face s...	wikipedia
7eac1056c4f44e0a6c2b752b49d827f40b29e48b	asahi-mae station was opened on april 2, 1905,	asahi-mae station was opened on april 2, 1905, as tsunboishi station (聾石) on the privately operated seto electric railway. the seto electric railway was absorbed into the meitetsu group on september 1, 1939. the station was renamed to its present name in 1942. a new station building was completed in april 1985. the sta...	wikipedia
baf8851951d7f69a08df818da75938e5153115f2	the yukon river bridge, officially known as the	the yukon river bridge, officially known as the e. l. patton bridge, is a girder bridge spanning the yukon river in yukon-koyukuk census area, alaska, united states. the bridge carries both the dalton highway and the alaska pipeline in connecting fairbanks with deadhorse near the arctic ocean and the prudhoe bay oil fi...	wikipedia
280c0ca9f2ec9286a9d21364c97a50d46c36f67c	the bridge has a length of 2,295 feet	the bridge has a length of 2,295 feet (700 m) and a width of 30 feet (9.1 m). the driving surface of the span is of timber construction supported by a steel deck attached to a pair of steel box girders. the wooden deck has been replaced in 1981, 1992, 1999 and 2007.	wikipedia
a6d37bb425aa1381ff0696c9831a2b7c162a8486	after both debate and litigation as to who	after both debate and litigation as to who would be allowed to use the haul road and bridge crossing, in october 1978 both were turned over to the state. in march 1982, the state officially named the bridge in honor of edward patton, former president of the alyeska pipeline service company during construction of the pi...	wikipedia
9b01373cbe2d8ef3f4e6143eb95353dfa9d3a06e	although still not yet complete at the time,	although still not yet complete at the time, the bridge celebrated its ceremonial ribbon-cutting on october 10, 1975. this allowed alyeska to start using the span, thus eliminating the need to construct an ice bridge that winter to transport materials across the river. the bridge would remain under the control of alyes...	wikipedia
29ef97e1d7b23847bca44811d875bab3c08d2345	with construction commencing in may 1974, in the	with construction commencing in may 1974, in the following august the project suffered its only major construction delay with the failure of a cofferdam. the cofferdam failed at its base where workers were working to set one of the concrete and steel bridge piers. the dams themselves had dimensions of 54 feet (16 m) wi...	wikipedia
7a48ba9f63b8af6d337c8d628be7fc6852b5328c	as part of construction of the trans-alaska pipeline	as part of construction of the trans-alaska pipeline system, a permanent crossing of the yukon river became necessary in order to complete the project. in december 1973, the state announced that it would begin accepting bids for the construction of the span. to be constructed as joint venture between the alyeska pipeli...	wikipedia
baf8851951d7f69a08df818da75938e5153115f2	the yukon river bridge, officially known as the	the yukon river bridge, officially known as the e. l. patton bridge, is a girder bridge spanning the yukon river in yukon-koyukuk census area, alaska, united states. the bridge carries both the dalton highway and the alaska pipeline in connecting fairbanks with deadhorse near the arctic ocean and the prudhoe bay oil fi...	wikipedia
e97a6d7f2d85a97d8e420f56bf0899b0d9732b3c	the duisburg–hochfeld railway bridge spans the rhine in	the duisburg–hochfeld railway bridge spans the rhine in the german city of duisburg on the duisburg-ruhrort–mönchengladbach line. the first bridge was built by the rhenish railway company and put into operation at the end of 1873. it was replaced by a new bridge in 1927, which was badly damaged during the second world ...	wikipedia
e3dc5c898f1ab76a9f977abca34166a7abcb6528	in addition to freight trains, the bridge is	in addition to freight trains, the bridge is used by regionalbahn services rb 31, der niederrheiner, and rb 33, rhein-niers-bahn, and regional-express service re 2, rhein-haard-express.	wikipedia