IdA
string
IdB
string
labels
int64
mechanism
string
effect
string
score
float64
sentence
string
signor_id
string
P06748
O15111
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
S125A and a delta form lacking the aa 119-195 region completely abolished NPM phosphorylation by IKKalpha (XREF_FIG), suggesting that IKKalpha phosphorylates S125 of NPM.|We found that TNFalpha treatment induced IKKalpha phosphorylation and increased NPM hexamers, which were correlated with increased NPM phosphorylation (XREF_FIG).
SIGNOR-279405
P43405
Q8N884
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
Mechanistically, viral infection or foreign DNA transfection triggers recruitment of the spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and cGAS to the endosomal vacuolar H+ pump (V-ATPase), where SYK is activated and then phosphorylates human cGASY214/215 (mouse cGasY200/201) to prime its activation.
SIGNOR-277844
P48730
Q00987
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.345
Phosphorylation by casein kinase i promotes the turnover of the mdm2 oncoprotein via the scf(beta-trcp) ubiquitin ligase.
SIGNOR-167497
P62820
P06493
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.526
We now present biochemical evidence for a mitosis-specific p34cdc2 phosphorylation of RablAp and Rab4p.We also show that the distribution of RablAp and Rab4p between cytosolic and membrane-bound forms is different in interphase and mitotic cells.
SIGNOR-261284
P67775
P37840
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.332
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a key protein that accumulates as hyperphosphorylated aggregates in pathologic hallmark features of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Phosphorylation of this protein at serine 129 is believed to promote its aggregation and neurotoxicity, suggesting that this post-translational modification could be a therapeutic target. Here, we demonstrate that phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) dephosphorylates α-Syn at serine 129
SIGNOR-248635
O00410
Q8TD84
1
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.2
DSCAM and DSCAML1 specifically interacted with the importin beta IPO5, whereas deletion of the identified NLSs abolished this specific interaction and suppressed nuclear translocation of the DSCAM/L1 ICDs in cell lines and cultured neurons. This suggests a direct role of IPO5 in the nuclear import of the DSCAM/L1 ICDs.
SIGNOR-264274
Q13451
Q9NZQ7
1
catalytic activity
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.2
FKBP51s upregulated PD-L1 expression on the plasma membrane by catalysing the protein folding required for subsequent glycosylation. Inhibition of FKBP51s isomerase activity by SAFit decreased PD-L1 levels
SIGNOR-274973
P16220
Q9Y4H2
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.342
Taken together, these results indicate that the IRS2 gene is a direct target for CREB action in vivo
SIGNOR-278145
P43405
Q92835
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.418
An adaptor protein Dok-3 mediates the suppressive function of LYN. The Dok-3 phosphorylated by LYN upon BCR stimulation forms a complex with GRB2, which allows it to enter into the signalosome and associate with activation of SHIP protein. This translocation facilitates the efficient inhibition of PLCc2 and SYK from activation, subsequently resulting in the suppression of downstream Ca2+ signaling.
SIGNOR-268456
Q13950
Q9UNE7
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.407
Here, we show that CHIP promotes Runx2 ubiquitination and degradation and thereby negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation.
SIGNOR-278600
Q00535
Q9Y490
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.458
Cdk5 phosphorylated talin head at ser 425, inhibiting its binding to smurf1, thus preventing talin head ubiquitylation and degradation.
SIGNOR-185210
P19634
O00141
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.304
Phosphorylation of NHE1 Ser 703 by SGK1 is essential for the binding of 14-3-3 protein to NHE1 , ] which, in turn, is critical in the activation of this Na + / H + exchanger , ].|These data suggest that endothelial SGK1 activates NHE1 in response to MG treatment.
SIGNOR-280123
Q969S3
Q99683
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.487
Ask1 directly phosphorylated zpr9 at ser(314) and thr(318), suggesting that zpr9 can act as an ask1 substrate. Ask1-mediated phosphorylation of zpr9 at ser(314) and thr(318) was also responsible for zpr9-induced apoptosis.
SIGNOR-175113
Q9UJQ4
Q9BXF3
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.2
SALL4 activates Cecr2 by directly binging to its promotor region and CECR2 in turn promotes reprogramming through forming a SMARCA1-contained chromatin remodeling complex with its DTT domain. 
SIGNOR-263893
O15297
Q9H0Z9
1
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.363
Interestingly, we showed that PPM1D directly interacts with and dephosphorylates RBM38 at serine 195.
SIGNOR-277020
O15169
P62136
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.333
The data suggest that PP1 controls Wnt signaling through interaction with, and regulated dephosphorylation of, axin| Axin phosphorylation markedly enhances the binding of glycogen synthase kinase 3, leading to a more active beta-catenin destruction complex. Wnt-regulated changes in axin phosphorylation, mediated by PP1, may therefore determine beta-catenin transcriptional activity| Four sites, S80, S82, S222, and S473, were identified to be PP1 regulated
SIGNOR-248551
P53350
Q12888
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.596
Here we show that 53BP1 is phosphorylated during mitosis on two residues, T1609 and S1618, located in its well-conserved ubiquitination-dependent recruitment (UDR) motif.|Dephosphorylation enables the recruitment of 53BP1 to double-strand DNA breaks |Addition of the inhibitors for PLK1 and the p38 MAPK leads to a complete loss of pT1609/pS1618 signal within 3 hr in mitotic cells
SIGNOR-264413
P01137
P14780
0
cleavage
up-regulates
0.592
We also demonstrate that mmp-9, as well as its relative, mmp-2, cleave latent transforming growth factor-_ (tgf-_), which constitutes a novel mechanism of tgf-_ activation.
SIGNOR-74461
P68400
Q9NQB0
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.358
We show here that Tcf-4 can be phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase CK2 stoichiometrically in amino acids Ser-58-Ser-59-Ser-60. Phosphorylation of these residues does not modify the interaction of Tcf-4 with beta-catenin but reduces its association to plakoglobin. | Experiments performed using a Tcf-4 mutant with decreased interaction to plakoglobin demonstrated that binding to this protein negatively affected the transcriptional activity of Tcf-4.
SIGNOR-250963
P52565
Q13153
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.611
Pak1 binds and phosphorylates rhogdi both in vitro and in vivo at ser101 and ser174. This resulted in dissociation of rac1-rhogdi, but not rhoa-rhogdi, complexes, as determined by in vitro assays of complexation and in vivo by coimmunoprecipitation analysis. We observed that cdc42-induced rac1 activation is inhibited by expression of pak1 autoinhibitory domain. The dissociation of rac1 from rhogdi and its subsequent activation stimulated by pdgf or egf is also attenuated by pak1 autoinhibitory domain, and this is dependent on the ability of rhogdi to be phosphorylated at ser101/174.
SIGNOR-126654
O00533
Q12955
1
relocalization
up-regulates quantity
0.412
Neurofascin, L1, NrCAM, NgCAM, and neuroglian are membrane-spanning cell adhesion molecules with conserved cytoplasmic domains that are believed to play important roles in development of the nervous system. This report presents biochemical evidence that the cytoplasmic domains of these molecules associate directly with ankyrins, a family of spectrin-binding proteins located on the cytoplasmic surface of specialized plasma membrane domains.
SIGNOR-266723
Q05397
P49841
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.365
Inhibition of FAK by its small molecule inhibitor attenuated IL-33-induced tyrosine 216 phosphorylation of GSK3beta in a both time- and dose dependent manner (XREF_FIG).|The current study indicates that FAK activated GSK3beta modulates ST2L internalization and signaling.
SIGNOR-278986
Q86Y13
P04908
1
monoubiquitination
up-regulates activity
0.2
 2A-HUB catalyzes monoubiquitination of H2A at lysine 119, functioning as a combinatoric component of the repression machinery required for specific gene regulation programs. Thus, 2A-HUB mediates a selective repression of a specific set of chemokine genes in macrophages, critically modulating migratory responses to TLR activation. H2A monoubiquitination acts to prevent FACT recruitment at the transcriptional promoter region, blocking RNA polymerase II release at the early stage of elongation.
SIGNOR-271747
P26447
O94916
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.478
 As expected, the depletion of NFAT5 decreased the S100A4 and LCN2 mRNA levels (Figure 3a). In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay using NFAT5 antibody indicated that NFAT5 was bound to the S100A4 and LCN2 promoters (Figure 3b, Supplementary Figure S3), as expected (Chen et al., 2009).
SIGNOR-274115
P01024
P08311
0
cleavage
up-regulates activity
0.599
Plasma membrane elastase and cathepsin G from U937 cells cleave C3 into C3a- and C3b-like fragments; further incubation leads to C3c- and C3dg-like fragments, as judged from SDS-PAGE analysis of the digests. Sequencing of the C3b-like fragment purified by reverse phase chromatography indicates that initial cleavage of C3 by purified cathepsin G occurs at two positions in the amino-terminal part of the alpha-chain, at a Arg-Ser bond located between residues 748 and 749 and at a Leu-Asp bond between residues 751 and 752.
SIGNOR-256348
Q92831
Q6NXT2
1
acetylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
The HAT module within the SAGA and ADA complexes acetylates histone H3, mainly on residues K9 and K14.
SIGNOR-269617
P18031
Q13882
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.575
Using a variety of PTEN mutant constructs, we show that protein phosphatase activity of PTEN targets PTK6, with efficiency similar to PTP1B, a phosphatase that directly dephosphorylates PTK6 Y342.
SIGNOR-277082
O15111
Q92905
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.325
Overexpression of IKKalpha or IKKbeta leads to enhanced phosphorylation of CSN5, the catalytic subunit for CSN deneddylase activity. Mutational analyses have revealed that phosphorylation at serine 201 and threonine 205 of CSN5 impairs CSN-mediated deneddylation activity in vitro.
SIGNOR-275507
O43395
Q9UMS4
0
polyubiquitination
up-regulates activity
0.754
Here, we report that the spliceosomal Prp19 complex modifies Prp3, a component of the U4 snRNP, with nonproteolytic K63-linked ubiquitin chains. The K63-linked chains increase the affinity of Prp3 for the U5 snRNP component Prp8, thereby allowing for the stabilization of the U4/U6.U5 snRNP. 
SIGNOR-271966
Q04759
Q9UEW8
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.487
Recombinant SPAK was phosphorylated on Ser-311 in its kinase domain by PKCtheta, but not by PKCalpha. This synergistic activity, as well as the receptor-induced SPAK activation, required the PKCtheta-interacting region of SPAK, and Ser-311 mutation greatly reduced these activities of SPAK.
SIGNOR-276007
P67775
O14757
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.496
Phosphorylation of Chk1 by ATR is antagonized by a Chk1-regulated protein phosphatase 2A circuit|In response to genotoxic stress, Chk1 is phosphorylated on serines 317 (S317) and 345 (S345) by the ataxia-telangiectasia-related (ATR) protein kinase. Phosphorylation of Chk1 on these C-terminal serine residues is used as an indicator of Chk1 activation in vivo.
SIGNOR-248615
P04792
Q05655
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.515
Radioactive kinase assays confirmed that PKC\u03b4 phosphorylated Hsp27 at Ser78 and Ser82 ( Fig. 3 B).
SIGNOR-278425
Q00987
P37231
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.389
 Here, we found that nuclear EGFR induced phosphorylation of PPARγ at Tyr-74 leading to PPARγ ubiquitination and degradation by mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) ubiquitin ligase. 
SIGNOR-277191
Q9UI09
P06493
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
Here, we show that a fraction of cyclin B1/Cdk1 proteins localizes to the matrix of mitochondria and phosphorylates a cluster of mitochondrial proteins, including the complex I (CI) subunits in the respiratory chain. Cyclin B1/Cdk1-mediated CI phosphorylation enhances CI activity, whereas deficiency of such phosphorylation in each of the relevant CI subunits results in impairment of CI function.|These results were confirmed by generating phosphorylation defective forms of the five CI subunits through substitutions of S/T residues with Alanine (A) on either Cdk1 optimal or minimal consensus motifs (T383 on NDUFV1, S105 on NDUFV3, S364 on NDUFS2, S55/S29/T5 on NDUFB6, and T142/T120 on NDUFA12). The mutation of Cdk1 consensus motifs severely diminished their phosphorylation
SIGNOR-275587
P32121
P32248
0
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.377
B-Arrestin-2 is recruited to CCR7 following stimulation with CCL19, but not CCL21.
SIGNOR-278124
P05067
Q86TM6
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.339
Thus, HRD1 ubiquitinates and degrades denaturated APP as well as unfolded proteins, suggesting that HRD1 affects APP-A\u03b2 dynamics in the brains of AD patients.
SIGNOR-278616
P43405
Q9NRF2
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
SHP-1 is recruited by the phosphorylated ITIM-bearing receptors such as CD22 and it dephosphorylates proximal BCR signaling molecules such as CD79, SYK, BLNK.
SIGNOR-268445
P19237
Q969Q1
0
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.36
We used MuRF1 as the E3 as it functions with all these E2s to ubiquitinate one of its typical substrates, troponin I Although UbcH1 and UbcH13/Uev1a support ubiquitination of troponin I by MuRF1, these E2s do not support ubiquitination of S5a, unlike Class I E2s.
SIGNOR-272736
Q6GQQ9
Q13546
1
deubiquitination
down-regulates activity
0.538
NF-kappaB Suppression by the Deubiquitinating Enzyme Cezanne|Our study provides several lines of evidence to suggest that Cezanne suppresses TNFR signaling to NF-κB by targeting RIP1 for deubiquitination.
SIGNOR-268411
Q9UNQ0
P11309
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.36
Pim-1 kinase phosphorylates BCRP/ABCG2 and thereby promotes its multimerization and drug-resistant activity in human prostate cancer cells|This is further corroborated by our finding that the plasma membrane localization and drug-resistant activity of BCRP were compromised by T362A mutation.
SIGNOR-264420
P35711
Q8IYA7
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.295
MKX is a meniscus-enriched transcription factor. In human meniscus cells, MKX regulates the expression of meniscus marker genes, OA-related genes, and other transcription factors, including Scleraxis (SCX), SRY Box 5 (SOX5), and Runt domain-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2).
SIGNOR-267214
P11233
O14965
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.45
Specifically, the mitotic kinase Aurora A phosphorylates Ser 194 of RALA, relocalizing it to the mitochondria, where it concentrates RALBP1 and DRP1.|These data suggest that Aurora A promotes mitochondrial fission at mitosis through RalA and RalBP1.
SIGNOR-278351
Q96GD4
P56524
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.264
We define the precise site of aurb-mediated phosphorylation as a conserved serine within the nuclear localization signals of hdac4, hdac5, and hdac9 at ser265, ser278, and ser242, respectivelyduring mitosis, aurb-mediated phosphorylation may localize class iia hdacs to a phosphorylation gradient at the spindle midzone, permitting temporal and spatial regulatory mechanisms altering hdac protein interactions
SIGNOR-198646
O15294
P17858
1
glycosylation
down-regulates activity
0.277
O-GlcNAcylation was induced at serine 529 of phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1) in response to hypoxia. Glycosylation inhibited PFK1 activity and redirected glucose flux through the pentose phosphate pathway| O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) to serine or threonine residues
SIGNOR-267585
Q13043
P04406
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.279
Interestingly, GAPDH is phosphorylated by Mst1 to a comparable extent as its known substrate MBP, suggesting that GAPDH is a good substrate of Mst1 at least in vitro.|Moreover, interaction of Mst1 with GAPDH caused a robust phosphorylation of GAPDH and markedly increased the Mst1 activity in cells.
SIGNOR-279295
Q99250
P49841
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3beta) phosphorylates the Nav1.2C-terminal tail at T1966, suppressing Na+ currents and channel trafficking to the plasma membrane
SIGNOR-275748
Q92519
P23443
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.356
Furthermore, Smurf1-mediated ubiquitination required phosphorylation of TRIB2 by p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) via another domain (amino acids 69-85) that is also essential for correct TRIB2 subcellular localization. Mutation of Ser-83 diminished p70S6K-induced phosphorylation of TRIB2.
SIGNOR-275433
P49841
P27361
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.294
We demonstrate that insulin-mediated activation of ERK1/2 results in phosphorylation of GSK3β at S9 independently of Akt/mTORC1 activity in Tsc2 null mouse embryonic fibroblasts. In addition, we show that inhibition of ERK1/2 rescues GSK3β activity and restores protein synthesis in Tsc2 −/− MEFs to normal levels
SIGNOR-262523
P54753
P46527
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
In accord with this concept are the findings of Vlach et al. , who have studied point mutants of p27 deficient in their interactions with EK2, and have found that T187 phosphorylation of p27 by EK2 requires an interaction of p27 with the cyclin E subunit, while inhibition of the kinase activity requires an additional interaction with the CDK2 subunit.|The question considered here is the theoretical question whether deactivation of p27 by EK2 can produce binary EK2 release, and if so what biochemical kinetic features are required for this behavior.
SIGNOR-279406
Q05655
P04637
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.677
Here, we show that the pro-apoptotic kinase, protein kinase c delta (pkcdelta), is involved in phosphorylation of p53 on ser(46). pkcdelta potentiates p53-dependent apoptosis by ser(46) phosphorylation in response to genotoxic stress.
SIGNOR-143382
P49715
Q13547
0
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates
0.436
These data suggest that c/ebp beta activates a single unified pathway of adipogenesis involving its stimulation of ppargamma expression, which then activates c/ebp alpha expression by dislodging hdac1 from the promoter for degradation in the proteasome
SIGNOR-210013
P62841
Q5S007
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.485
Taken together, these results suggest that phosphorylation of s15 on T136 by LRRK2 mediates enhanced cap-dependent and cap-independent reporter translation and that a stimulatory effect of LRRK2 on mRNA translation contributes to LRRK2 toxicity.
SIGNOR-279058
Q96M02
P04637
1
polyubiquitination
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.459
The E3 activity of FATS is required for promoting p53 stability and activation in response to DNA damage.FATS is an E2-independent ubiquitin ligase that stabilizes p53 and promotes its activation in response to DNA damage. Here, we show that FATS acts as a p53 activator by inhibiting Mdm2 binding to p53 and stimulating non-proteolytic polyubiquitination of p53.
SIGNOR-272142
Q9BR01
P27361
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.2
The phosphorylation of sult4a1 allows interaction with pin1, which then promotes degradation of the sulfotransferase.
SIGNOR-168248
Q9H2X6
Q92793
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.424
Moreover, we show that HIPK2 strongly potentiates the transcriptional activity of CREB-binding protein.|We show that HIPK2 interacts with and phosphorylates several regions of CBP.
SIGNOR-279191
Q76I76
P23528
1
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.732
Differential activities, subcellular distribution and tissue expression patterns of three members of Slingshot family phosphatases that dephosphorylate cofilin.|Cofilin, a key regulator of actin filament dynamics, is inactivated by phosphorylation at Ser-3 by LIM-kinases and is reactivated by dephosphorylation by a family of protein phosphatases, termed Slingshot (SSH).
SIGNOR-248733
P40763
O14543
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.709
We also found that the wild type SOCS-3 promoter construct has significantly greater activity in non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines than in normal cells in accordance with STAT3 disregulation in these cells
SIGNOR-253583
P30307
P14635
1
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.832
Cdc25C is an activator of Cdc2 kinase and dephosphorylates and activates the CyclinB-Cdc2 complex shortly before the entry into the mitosis.
SIGNOR-277099
Q00987
Q02878
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.432
Furthermore, we also demonstrated that RPL6 is a substrate for HDM2-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.|The interaction of RPL6 and HDM2 drives HDM2 mediated RPL6 polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.
SIGNOR-278630
Q9UPP1
P28482
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
Upon IFNgamma treatment, PHF8 is phosphorylated by ERK2 and evicted from the promoters, which correlates with an increase in H4K20me1 and H3K4me3 levels.
SIGNOR-279745
Q9UIG0
P27361
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
Wstf, a specific component of two chromatin remodeling complexes (swi/snf-type winac and iswi-type wich), was phosphorylated by the stimulation of mapk cascades in vitro and in vivo. Ser-158 residue in the wac (wstf/acf1/cbpq46) domain, located close to the n terminus of wstf, was identified as a major phosphorylation target
SIGNOR-188164
Q08379
P06493
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.674
Cdc2 kinase directly phosphorylates the cis-golgi matrix protein gm130 and is required for golgi fragmentation in mitosis. Mitotic fragmentation of the golgi apparatus can be largely explained by disruption of the interaction between gm130 and the vesicle-docking protein p115. Here we identify a single serine (ser-25) in gm130 as the key phosphorylated target and cdc2 as the responsible kinase
SIGNOR-60281
P30291
Q9UNH5
0
dephosphorylation
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.545
In particular, we found that Cdc14A inhibits Wee1 degradation through the dephosphorylation of Ser-123 and Ser-139 residues. 
SIGNOR-267470
O60260
Q99497
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.2
Together, these results demonstrate that parkin selectively recognizes and ubiquitinates misfolded DJ-1 in vivo.
SIGNOR-278526
P54829
Q16611
1
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
In this study, we report that on apoptotic stimulation Bak undergoes dephosphorylation at tyrosine residue 108 (Y108), a critical event that is necessary but not sufficient for Bak activation, but is required both for early exposure of the occluded N-terminal domain and multimerisation.
SIGNOR-248542
P24666
P14618
1
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.279
Indeed, it is evident that LMW-PTP, hydrolyzing phosphotyrosine residues, contributes to maintain PKM2 in its active form.|We speculate that this effect is in large part due to LMW-PTP inhibition, which leads a fast PKM2 phosphorylation and inactivation.|we demonstrate that in melanoma cells the overexpression of LMW-PTP is functional to maintain PKM2 in its dephosphorylate status – the tetrameric, “full active” form - which is retained in the cytoplasm
SIGNOR-277134
Q92793
Q00978
1
acetylation
up-regulates activity
0.361
CBP was also the most effective one among the acetyltransferases tested for catalyzing IRF9 acetylation in 293T cells. [²] Figure 5 (F) K81 acetylation is required for IRF9 dimerization between the N-terminal 1-118 and the C-terminal 340-393 regions. In the left panel, Myc-DBD (1- 118) of IRF9 was cotransfected with 118-393, 118-339, or 1-393 (FL) of IRF9 in 293T cells. Anti-IRF9 (C-terminal region) precipitates were analyzed with anti-Myc or anti-IRF9. Anti-IRF9 precipitates, prepared from 293T cells cotransfected with the C-terminal fragment 118-393 of IRF9 and Myctagged DBD of different forms, were analyzed with anti-Myc or anti-IRF9 (right panel).
SIGNOR-217787
Q9C0C7
Q7Z6Z7
1
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.2
AMBRA1 regulates mitophagy at two critical steps. Upon mitophagy stimulation, AMBRA1 mediates the HUWE1 E3 ubiquitin ligase translocation from cytosol to mitochondria (light blue). AMBRA1 acts as a cofactor for HUWE1 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, favouring its binding to its substrate MFN2 (and maybe other OMM substrates) and targeting it to the proteasome
SIGNOR-272962
P78527
Q13535
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.31
Finally, in vitro atr-mediated phosphorylation at the t2609 cluster was further confirmed by western blot analysis using phosphospecific antibodies against t2647 (fig. ?(Fig.7e),7e), suggesting that dna-pkcs could be the direct target of atr kinase.
SIGNOR-148722
P08123
Q8IYK4
0
glycosylation
up-regulates activity
0.4
Recombinant GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 enzymes showed a strong galactosyltransferase activity toward various types of collagen and toward the serum mannose-binding lectin MBL, which contains a collagen domain. Amino acid analysis of the products of GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 reactions confirmed the transfer of galactose to hydroxylysine residues.
SIGNOR-261157
Q16659
Q9UNH5
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates
0.641
Using ms analysis, we identified four novel phosphorylation sites, ser684, ser688, thr698 and ser705, located at the extreme c-terminus of erk3.alanine substitution of the four c-terminal phosphorylation sites markedly decreased the half-life of erk3 in mitosis, thereby linking phosphorylation to the stabilization of the kinase.we found that the phosphatases cdc14a and cdc14b (cdc is cell-division cycle) bind to erk3 and reverse its c-terminal phosphorylation in mitosis.
SIGNOR-164412
Q16236
P00441
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.408
BTG2 was found to up-regulate expression of antioxidant enzymes known to be regulated by NFE2L2, including catalase, SOD1, and SOD2
SIGNOR-254653
P35568
P23443
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.788
In this report, we identified insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), a critical mediator of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling, as a proteolytic target of the CUL7 E3 ligase in a manner that depends on mammalian target of rapamycin and the p70 S6 kinase activities.Elimination of phosphorylation at S307/S312/S527/S636/S639 renders V5-IRS-1 partially resistant to degradation by Fbw8
SIGNOR-236599
Q9BYB0
Q9P1A6
0
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.2
SHANK proteins are ‘master’ scaffolding proteins that tether and organize intermediate scaffolding proteins. They are located at excitatory synapses, where they are crucial for proper synaptic development and function. SAPAP proteins subsequently bind to the PDZ domain of members of the SHANK protein family. SHANK proteins then bind to the actin cytoskeleton and to Homer protein, which in turn interacts with mGluRs. Through these extended links, PSD95, SAPAP, SHANK and Homer proteins form a quaternary complex that brings together mGluR and NMDAR complexes in the PSD (FIG. 3).
SIGNOR-264591
Q8WZ60
P24941
1
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.2
We confirmed the formation of ubiquitin and CDK2 by different systems and further identified the E3 ligase KLHL6 as a mediator of the ubiquitination and degradation of CDK2. 
SIGNOR-272310
P19784
P08575
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.434
Mutational analysis of CK2 consensus sites showed that the target for CK2 was in an acidic insert of 19 amino acids in the D2 domain, and Ser to Ala mutations at amino acids 965, 968, 969, and 973 abrogated CK2 phosphorylation of CD45. CK2 phosphorylation increased CD45 activity 3-fold toward phosphorylated myelin basic protein, and this increase was reversible by PP2A treatment. 
SIGNOR-251031
Q9UQM7
Q9P0L9
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
CaM inhibits the function of TRPP3 through promoting CaMK2's phosphorylation towards T591 on TRPP3.
SIGNOR-277812
P38435
Q14393
1
carboxylation
up-regulates activity
0.525
Thus, vitamin K acts as a cofactor for GGCX via the vitamin K cycle and exerts physiological effects through its regulation of VKDPs [29]. More than 20 VKDPs have been found. Osteocalcin promotes bone formation, and blood coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X activate blood coagulation. Matrix Gla protein suppresses cardiovascular calcification, and brain-expressed Gas 6 promotes neural differentiation [29]. GGCX is an enzyme that converts glutamic acid (Glu) residues to Gla residues, so that the Gla-containing proteins can exert various physiological actions such as blood coagulation and bone formation.
SIGNOR-265923
O14965
Q5FBB7
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
Loss of INCENP/Aurora B in Mitosis Correlates with Delocalization of MEI-S332|MEI-S332 Is Phosphorylated by Aurora B In Vitro|Of these, MEI-S332S124,125,126A was a poor substrate for Aurora B kinase in vitro
SIGNOR-252046
P63000
Q7Z6B7
0
gtpase-activating protein
down-regulates activity
0.56
We therefore developed a screening-compatible live-cell imaging assay, using FRET-based biosensors for the prototype GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC4215,19,20 (Extended Data Fig. 2 and Supplementary Note 1)|We found catalytic activities for 45/75 RhoGEFs and 48/63 RhoGAPs| Our data thus not only reveal extensive promiscuity among regulators, but also that the inactivating RhoGAPs are less selective than the activating RhoGEFs (p-value=0.02)(Supplementary Table 2).
SIGNOR-260515
P52564
Q13233
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.454
Both wild type and kinase-inactive mutant rip immunoprecipitates can active mkk6 in vitrohe sapks are activated by at least two meks, sapk/erk kinase-1 (sek1, also called mapk-kinase (mkk)) and mkk7
SIGNOR-59679
P06493
P33316-2
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity
0.386
DUTPase Is Phosphorylated at a Consensus Cyclin-dependent Protein Kinase Site: in Vitro Phosphorylation of Ser-11 by p34cdc2. It is conceivable that the exclusive phosphorylation of DUT-N may play a role in nuclear targeting of this protein. Taken a step further, Ser-11 may confer the ability of DUT-N to localize in specific regions of the nucleus where the dUTPase function is required. The Ser-11 Ala mutant should aid in the testing of these hypotheses.
SIGNOR-262693
P45984
P50616
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.34
Biochemical analyses have then shown that erk mapk (erk2) and jnk/sapk (jnk2) bind to and phosphorylate tob in vitro.
SIGNOR-91067
O14965
P14635
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.576
A second wave of Cyclin B1-CDK1 phosphorylation by AurA occurs in late prophase.|Simultaneously, AurA activates and targets the Cyclin B1-CDK1 complex at centrosomes [ xref ].
SIGNOR-280186
P06241
P31995
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
Fyn and Blk definitely phosphorylate Y-282 in the ITAM of FcgRIIa/c, whereas the non-ITAM tyrosine residue (Y-275) becomes phosphorylated by Syk, as the phosphorylation of double point mutants shows. In addition to these tyrosine residues, Fyn, Blk, and Syk might phosphorylate the most C-terminal tyrosine residue (Y-298) because altering this tyrosine residue together with one of the tyrosine residues clearly shown to be phosphorylated by the respective PTK results in the abrogation of phosphorylation
SIGNOR-262677
Q14790
P55210
1
cleavage
up-regulates
0.742
Casp8 can activate downstream caspases like caspase-6, and caspase-7 by directly cleaving them.
SIGNOR-58118
P17612
Q01970
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.26
These data indicate that pkc and pka act similarly in that they inhibit galpha(q)-stimulated plcbeta(3) as a result of phosphorylation of ser(1105).
SIGNOR-79148
Q03112
P15976
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.319
We finally observed that the forced expression of Evi1 induced GATA-2 expression in a hematopoietic cell line, EML C1, along with GATA-1, Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie2 
SIGNOR-266061
Q16566
P49593
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.348
Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase phosphatase (CaMKP) dephosphorylates and concomitantly deactivates multifunctional Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases , such as CaMKI, CaMKII, and CaMKIV.
SIGNOR-277157
Q9UD71
P19784
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.375
Study of [Plphosphate release during manual Edman degradation confirmed that the phosphorylated residues in rat DARPP-32 were Ser45 and Ser102. | Phosphorylation by casein kinase II did not affect the potency of DARPP-32 as an inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1, which depended only on phosphorylation of Thr34 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. However, phosphorylation of DARPP-32 by casein kinase II facilitated phosphorylation of Thr34 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase
SIGNOR-251018
P57078
Q13490
0
polyubiquitination
up-regulates activity
0.355
CIAP1/2 are direct E3 ligases conjugating diverse types of ubiquitin chains to receptor interacting proteins kinases 1 to 4 (RIP1-4).Together, our results demonstrate that depleting cIAP1/2 inhibits RIP1-4 mediated NF-kB activation without affecting RIP auto-phosphorylation.Lysine residues K51 and K145 of RIP4 are critical for cIAP1-mediated ubiquitination and NF-kB activation.
SIGNOR-272708
P09429
Q16566
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.285
Collectively, our results demonstrate that CaMKIV promotes the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HMGB1 and suggest that the process may be mediated through CaMKIV-dependent serine phosphorylation of HMGB1.
SIGNOR-278510
P28482
P50616
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.354
Tob is rapidly phosphorylated at ser 152, ser 154, and ser 164 by erk1 and erk2 upon growth-factor stimulation.
SIGNOR-88720
P29122
P06213
1
cleavage
up-regulates activity
0.2
Here we demonstrate that the two IR isoforms are similarly cleaved by furin, but when this furin-dependent maturation is inefficient, IR proforms move to the cell surface where the proprotein convertase PACE4 selectively supports IRB maturation.
SIGNOR-260366
P39900
P00748
1
cleavage
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.33
The data presented in this study show for the first time the degradation of Factor XII of the blood clotting system by matrix metalloproteinases. MMP-12, MMP-13, and MMP-14 cleave at Gly376Leu377|However, no activity of Factor XII can be observed after MMPinduced cleavage.
SIGNOR-263611
P27361
Q15418
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.718
Phosphorylation of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) regulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase docking and RSK activity.Erk-activates the rsk family of serine/threonine kinases,rsk1, rsk2, and rsk3.
SIGNOR-102648
P41091
Q9UI10
0
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
up-regulates activity
0.698
EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity.
SIGNOR-269137
P04637
Q9HCM9
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.351
Furthermore, we show here that the Trim39 can directly bind and ubiquitylate p53 in vitro and in vivo, leading to p53 degradation.
SIGNOR-272020
P51812
O15297
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.361
RSK2 (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase 2) is activated via the ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) pathway by phosphorylation on four sites: Ser227 in the activation loop of the N-terminal kinase domain, Ser369 in the linker, Ser386 in the hydrophobic motif and Thr577 in the C-terminal kinase domain of RSK2. In the present study, we demonstrate that RSK2 is associated in vivo with PP2Cdelta (protein phosphatase 2Cdelta). In epidermal growth factorstimulated cells, RSK2 is partially dephosphorylated on all four sites in an Mn2+-dependent manner, leading to reduced protein kinase activity
SIGNOR-248322
Q92565
P62834
1
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
up-regulates activity
0.648
We found here that cAMP-dependent activation of Epac1 and Rap1 but not PKA is able to activate CaMKI to mediate Ser47 (S47) phosphorylation in GCM1. Epac1 and Epac2 proteins were identified as cAMP-binding proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activities for the small GTPases, Rap1 and Rap2
SIGNOR-262682