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14
P31751
P56279
2
binding
up-regulates
0.547
Full-length tcl1 and its isoforms bind to akt / in in vitro kinase assays using gsk-3_ as a substrate, we found that the presence of any of the tcl1 family proteins (tcl1, mtcp1, or tcl1b) as gst fusion proteins significantly enhanced akt-induced gsk-3_ phosphorylation
SIGNOR-81683
P0DP24
P06213
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.352
The in vitro phosphorylation of calmodulin by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. Phosphorylated calmodulin does not exhibit the characteristic ca2+ shift normally observed with calmodulin in electrophoretic gels, an observation that is consistent with this modification affecting the biological activity of the molecule.
SIGNOR-266320
P28482
P41162
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.403
We have optimized a chemical genetic system using analog-sensitive ERK2, a form of ERK2 engineered to use an analog of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), to tag and isolate ERK2 substrates in vitro. This approach identified 80 proteins phosphorylated by ERK2, 13 of which are known ERK2 substrates. With this improved methodology, we detected 98 sites directly phosphorylated by ERK2 on 80 proteins from NIH 3T3-L1 fibroblasts. Thirteen of these proteins are known substrates and the rest represent previously unknown kinase/substrate interactions. Among the ERK2 substrates, we identified the E-twenty six (ETS) domain-containing protein ETV3. We determined that phosphorylation of this protein by ERK2 was functionally relevant, abrogating the DNA-binding activity of ETV3 at thousands of targets across the genome, thereby providing an additional mechanism for transcriptional regulation downstream of ERK2 activation.
SIGNOR-262758
O60503
P63092
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.628
Adenylyl cyclase 9 (AC9) is a membrane-bound enzyme that converts ATP into cAMP. The enzyme is weakly activated by forskolin, fully activated by the G protein Gαs subunit and is autoinhibited by the AC9 C-terminus.
SIGNOR-278883
Q9Y5K5
P84022
1
deubiquitination
up-regulates activity
0.397
Here, we report a novel interaction between smads and ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase uch37, a deubiquitinating enzyme that could potentially reverse smurf-mediated ubiquitination. In gst pull down experiments, uch37 bound weakly to smad2 and smad3, and bound very strongly to smad7 in a region that is distinct from the -py- motif in smad7 that interacts with smurf ubiquitin ligases
SIGNOR-232101
Q8IVT5
P27448
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.642
C-TAK1 phosphorylates KSR1 at S392, forming a 14-3-3 binding site.|In mammalian cells, C-TAK1 has been shown to negatively regulate KSR1 by phosphorylation of Ser392.
SIGNOR-279225
P24941
P55273
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.526
Cdk2 and pka were found to participate in p19ink4d phosphorylation process and that they would mediate serine 76 and threonine 141 modifications respectively. Nuclear translocation of p19ink4d induced by dna damage was shown to be dependent on serine 76 phosphorylation.
SIGNOR-197270
P01133
O14672
0
cleavage
up-regulates activity
0.566
Like ADAM17, ADAM10 has also been implicated in the activation of specific EGFR ligands, especially EGF and betacellulin
SIGNOR-259840
P04637
Q9UEE5
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.286
Genetic and biochemical studies have shown that ser20 phosphorylation in the transactivation domain of p53 mediates p300-catalyzed dna-dependent p53 acetylation and b-cell tumor suppression. a cell-free ser20 phosphorylation site assay was used to identify a broad range of calcium calmodulin kinase superfamily members, including chk2, chk1, dapk-1, dapk-3, drak-1, and ampk, as ser20 kinases.
SIGNOR-153532
P49841
Q16584
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.336
Further, investigation revealed that MLK3 was phosphorylated at two residues Ser789 and Ser793 by GSK3\u03b2 ( xref ).|When, these two sites on MLK3 were mutated to non-phosphorable Ala, the activation of MLK3 by GSK3\u03b2 was blocked, and neuronal cell death upon NGF withdrawal also prevented ( xref ).
SIGNOR-279615
P09619
P22681
0
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.629
 Overexpression of wild type Cbl in NIH3T3 cells led to an enhancement of the ligand-dependent ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the PDGFRbeta, as observed with PDGFRalpha.
SIGNOR-272549
P06213
Q12913
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates
0.304
Dephosphorylation of autophosphorylated insulin and epidermal-growth-factor receptors by two major subtypes of protein-tyrosine-phosphatase from human placenta.
SIGNOR-21295
P63000
P63096
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.47
These findings indicate that both G alpha(i) and G beta gamma stimulate Rac and Cdc42 pathways with lysophosphatidic acid-induced cell spreading on fibronectin
SIGNOR-256530
P10636
O15264
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.531
Phosphorylation of tau by SAPK3 and SAPK4 resulted in a marked reduction in the ability of tau to promote microtubule assembly.
SIGNOR-278313
P40424
P14653
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.807
Pbx1 and exd act as cofactors that enhance the DNA binding specificity of Hox proteins. The structure of the HoxB1–Pbx1–DNA ternary complex shows that HoxB1 and Pbx1 bind to overlapping binding sites located on opposite faces of the DNA.
SIGNOR-241219
P34947
P04637
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.37
Grk5, but not grk2 or grk6, phosphorylates p53 at thr-55, which promotes the degradation of p53, leading to inhibition of p53-dependent apoptotic response to genotoxic damage.
SIGNOR-163707
P21728
P63092
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.498
Here we systematically quantified ligand-induced interactions between 148 GPCRs and all 11 unique G alpha subunit C-termini. For each receptor, we probed chimeric G alpha subunit activation via a transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) shedding response in HEK293 cells lacking endogenous Gq/11- and G12/13- signaling. | We defined positive coupling if any member of the subfamily scored LogRAi ‚â• -1 and negative coupling if all of the members scored LogRAi < -1 (Figure 3A-B). ROC analysis gives AUC = 0.78 (Figure S4A) when considering high-confidence known coupling data and suggested a threshold of LogRAi ‚â• -1.0 for defining true couplings. | The score associated to this interaction has a LogRAi ‚â• -1.0.
SIGNOR-256796
P00519
Q9NRM7
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.362
 Inhibition of c-Abl by Lats2 was mediated through Lats2 interaction with and phosphorylation of c-Abl.  Lats2 phosphorylates c-Abl at Thr197 in vitro.
SIGNOR-276497
Q9H1J5
Q9NPG1
2
binding
up-regulates
0.621
Wnt proteins bind to the frizzled receptors and lrp5/6 co-receptors, and through stabilizing the critical mediator betBeta-catenin, initiate a complex signaling cascade that plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation.
SIGNOR-131984
P50148
P08912
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.452
Here we systematically quantified ligand-induced interactions between 148 GPCRs and all 11 unique G alpha subunit C-termini. For each receptor, we probed chimeric G alpha subunit activation via a transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) shedding response in HEK293 cells lacking endogenous Gq/11- and G12/13- signaling. | We defined positive coupling if any member of the subfamily scored LogRAi ≥ -1 and negative coupling if all of the members scored LogRAi < -1 (Figure 3A-B). ROC analysis gives AUC = 0.78 (Figure S4A) when considering high-confidence known coupling data and suggested a threshold of LogRAi ≥ -1.0 for defining true couplings. | The score associated to this interaction has a LogRAi ≥ -1.0.
SIGNOR-257217
O15169
O14640
2
binding
down-regulates activity
0.819
We have recently found that Dvl-1 directly binds to Axin and that the binding of Dvl-1 to Axin does not affect the interaction of GSK-3beta with Axin. It is possible that the binding of Dvl to Axin induces the structural change of the Axin complex; therefore GSK-3beta does not effectively phosphorylate Axin. This is the first demostration showing that Dvl inhibits the function of GSK-3beta directly.
SIGNOR-219356
P53350
Q14203
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.523
Plk1-mediated phosphorylation of p150(glued) at ser-179 positively regulates its accumulation at the nuclear envelope during prophase.
SIGNOR-167281
Q13563
Q9BZL6
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
Here, we report the identification of a previously unrecognized phosphorylation site within the polycystin-2 C terminus (Ser801), and we demonstrate that it is phosphorylated by protein kinase D. These results suggest that growth factor-stimulated, protein kinase D-mediated phosphorylation of polycystin-2 is essential for its ER channel function and links extracellular stimuli to its effects on cell growth and intracellular calcium regulation.
SIGNOR-276284
P15692
P17948
2
binding
up-regulates
0.843
Vegf exerts its action by binding to vegfr-1 and vegfr-2.
SIGNOR-121132
P16885
Q06187
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.778
By measuring the ability of human plcgamma2 to restore calcium responses to the b-cell receptor stimulation or oxidative stress in a b-cell line (dt40) deficient in plcgamma2, we have demonstrated that two tyrosine residues, tyr(753) and tyr(759), were important for the plcgamma2 signaling function.Of the two kinases that previously have been proposed to phosphorylate plcgamma2, btk, and syk, purified btk had much greater ability to phosphorylate recombinant plcgamma2 in vitro, whereas syk efficiently phosphorylated adapter protein blnk.
SIGNOR-111069
P43405
P07948
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.61
Lyn phosphorylates and activates Syk and LAT.
SIGNOR-279415
Q13315
Q14694
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.252
The translocation and stabilization of USP10 is regulated by ATM -mediated phosphorylation of USP10 at Thr42 and Ser337. 
SIGNOR-276276
O00327
P04275
1
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.324
We also show that major circadian transcriptional regulators CLOCK and Bmal1 directly regulate the activity of vWF promoter and that lack of Bmal1 results in upregulation of vWF both at mRNA and protein level. Here we report a direct regulation of vWF expression in endothelial cells by biological clock gene Bmal1. This study establishes a mechanistic connection between Bmal1 and cardiovascular phenotype.
SIGNOR-253704
Q15021
P51955
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.269
Nek2 phosphorylates C-Nap1, rootletin and beta-catenin to regulate centrosome separation.
SIGNOR-279234
Q96RK0
P28482
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.372
Specifically, 14-3-3 binds to p90(rsk)-phosphorylated ser?_??_ Of capic?_A thereby modulating dna binding to its hmg (high-mobility group) box, whereas erk phosphorylations prevent binding of a c-terminal nls (nuclear localization sequence) to importin ?4 (kpna3))[...] These results suggest that erk phosphorylation of ser1382 and ser1409 masks the nls and prevents its binding to kpna3
SIGNOR-169875
P35680
P18846
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.307
The mammalian two-hybrid system showed that the region aa 393 to 476 of LFB3 is involved in the interaction with CREB or ATF1. The importance of this region for mediating cAMP induction was confirmed in transient transfection assays.
SIGNOR-241320
Q6ZNA4
Q96CW1
1
ubiquitination
up-regulates
0.2
Arkadia ubiquitylated the _?2 Subunit at lys130. In addition, arkadia interacted with the ap2 complex, and modified endocytosis of epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) induced by egf. Arkadia thus appears to regulate egf signalling by modulating endocytosis of egfr through interaction with ap2 complex.
SIGNOR-168931
P29353
P04629
2
binding
up-regulates
0.844
Autophosphorylated trka binds directly to plc?, Abl, and shc.
SIGNOR-75408
Q05655
P78357
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
Inhibition of PKCdelta increased p190 activity, while PKCdelta overexpression diminished p190 activity.|We further show that PKC\u03b4 was able to phosphorylate and bind distinct domains of p190.
SIGNOR-279260
P11388
P68400
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.595
 This study also reports the novel finding that topoIIα may be a target of GSK3β phosphorylation. Evidence suggests that CK2 serves as a priming kinase, through phosphorylation at Ser1365, for GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation at Ser1361.
SIGNOR-276300
Q99608
O75925
2
binding
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.297
Necdin bound to PIAS1 central domains that are highly conserved among PIAS family proteins and suppressed PIAS1-dependent sumoylation of the substrates STAT1 and PML (promyelocytic leukemia protein). Remarkably, necdin promoted degradation of PIAS1 via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In transfected HEK293A cells, amino- and carboxyl-terminally truncated mutants of PIAS1 bound to necdin but failed to undergo necdin-dependent ubiquitination.
SIGNOR-253387
Q13546
Q13490
0
polyubiquitination
up-regulates activity
0.768
CIAP1/2 are direct E3 ligases conjugating diverse types of ubiquitin chains to receptor interacting proteins kinases 1 to 4 (RIP1-4).Together, our results demonstrate that depleting cIAP1/2 inhibits RIP1-4 mediated NF-kB activation without affecting RIP auto-phosphorylation.
SIGNOR-272710
P20827
Q9UF33
2
binding
up-regulates
0.811
Ephrin-a1 binds and activates the tyrosine kinase activity of eph-a2, and has a dissociation constant of 20_30 nm. ephrin-a1 interacts with all the other epha subclass receptors as well, although with different affinity
SIGNOR-56962
P30291
O43660
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
These results indicate that WEE1 promotes PRL1 phosphorylation.|WEE1 promotes PRL1 degradation .
SIGNOR-279579
P30291
Q93096
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
In this study , we found that WEE1 phosphorylates PRL1 and promotes PRL1 degradation .|In this study, we demonstrated that WEE1 phosphorylates and inhibits PRL1 to regulate alternative splicing of CYCD1;1 and CYCD3;1 , which may represent a new cell cycle control mechanism.
SIGNOR-278434
P01106
P09651
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.456
We also demonstrate that the oncogenic transcription factor c-Myc upregulates transcription of PTB, hnRNPA1 and hnRNPA2,
SIGNOR-268690
P29474
Q04759
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
The phosphorylation of both S617 and S635 have also been shown to promote increased eNOS-derived NO release (Michell et al., 2002). The phosphorylaiton of S617 can be induced by PKA or Akt activity, and may serve to sensitize eNOS to calmodulin binding and modulate the phosphorylation of other eNOS sites
SIGNOR-251636
Q14790
Q5T447
0
polyubiquitination
down-regulates activity
0.336
HECTD3, a new E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacts with caspase-8 death effector domains and ubiquitinates caspase-8 with K63-linked polyubiquitin chains that do not target caspase-8 for degradation but decrease the caspase-8 activation. HECTD3 ubiquitinates caspase-8 with K63-linked polyubiquitin chains at K215.
SIGNOR-272077
P27361
Q86U44
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.271
Mass spectrometry analysis showed that ERK phosphorylates METTL3 at three highly conserved residues: S43, S50, and S525 (Figures 2D and 2E). Mutational analysis further confirmed these three sites as main ERK phosphorylation sites (Figure 2F). Phosphorylation of METTL3 increases interaction with USP5, decreasing ubiquitination to stabilize the m6 A methyltransferase complex.
SIGNOR-265949
O15111
P04637
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.429
In the nucleus, IKKalpha enhances p53 mediated GADD45 and BAD gene expressions by phosphorylating p53 at Ser20 and stabilizing p53 protein levels , leading to the induction of apoptosis in response to ROS exposure.|PKC-activated nuclear I\u03baB kinase\u03b1 promotes the stability of p53 protein and mediates reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis [ ].
SIGNOR-280231
P63279
P35227
2
binding
down-regulates activity
0.608
Based on this finding of interaction between MEL-18 and UBC9, we envisioned a mechanism in which MEL-18 bound to HSF2 inhibits its sumoylation by binding to and inhibiting the activity of UBC9 enzymes that approach HSF2.
SIGNOR-226248
P51532
P15172
2
binding
up-regulates
0.528
Myod targets brg1 to the myogenin promoter during the initiation of myogenesis in tissue culture models for skeletal muscle differentiation /initiation of myogenin transcription is dependent upon myod, the pbx homeodomain factor, and swi/snf chromatin-remodeling enzymes
SIGNOR-151685
Q9BZI1
P27361
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
To identify the phosphorylated residue, we introduced a serine-to-alanine substitution at residues 294 and 326 and a threonine-to-alanine substitution at residue 331 in Irx2(291–356). Erk1 phosphorylated S294A and T331A, but not S326A (Fig. 4b), indicating that Ser326 is the bona fide MAP kinase target.
SIGNOR-263061
O95136
P08754
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.387
Here we systematically quantified ligand-induced interactions between 148 GPCRs and all 11 unique G alpha subunit C-termini. For each receptor, we probed chimeric G alpha subunit activation via a transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) shedding response in HEK293 cells lacking endogenous Gq/11- and G12/13- signaling. | We defined positive coupling if any member of the subfamily scored LogRAi ≥ -1 and negative coupling if all of the members scored LogRAi < -1 (Figure 3A-B). ROC analysis gives AUC = 0.78 (Figure S4A) when considering high-confidence known coupling data and suggested a threshold of LogRAi ≥ -1.0 for defining true couplings. | The score associated to this interaction has a LogRAi ≥ -1.0.
SIGNOR-256871
O95863
Q05513
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.2
APKC kinases phosphorylate S249 of SNAI1, which leads to protein degradation.
SIGNOR-277437
Q16827
P40763
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.376
In addition, this group found that PTPRO dephosphorylated STAT3 at Y705 and S727 then attenuated STAT3 signalling.
SIGNOR-277062
P07858
P02818
1
cleavage
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.33
This study has been undertaken to compare the degradation of BGP by the cysteine proteinases cathepsins L, B, H, S, and the aspartic proteinase cathepsin D. Cathepsins B, L, H, and S readily cleave BGP at the G7-A8 bond; cathepsin L also cleaves at R43-R44; cathepsin B also cleaves at R44-F45; and cathepsin D cleaves only at A41-Y42.
SIGNOR-256318
Q9UKP6
P09471
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.265
Here we systematically quantified ligand-induced interactions between 148 GPCRs and all 11 unique G alpha subunit C-termini. For each receptor, we probed chimeric G alpha subunit activation via a transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) shedding response in HEK293 cells lacking endogenous Gq/11- and G12/13- signaling. | We defined positive coupling if any member of the subfamily scored LogRAi ≥ -1 and negative coupling if all of the members scored LogRAi < -1 (Figure 3A-B). ROC analysis gives AUC = 0.78 (Figure S4A) when considering high-confidence known coupling data and suggested a threshold of LogRAi ≥ -1.0 for defining true couplings. | The score associated to this interaction has a LogRAi ≥ -1.0.
SIGNOR-257252
O95295
P17612
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.307
PKA-phosphorylation of Snapin significantly increases its binding to synaptosomal-associated protein-25 (SNAP-25). Mutation of Snapin serine 50 to aspartic acid (S50D) mimics this effect of PKA phosphorylation
SIGNOR-250053
Q96LB1
P63092
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.2
Here we systematically quantified ligand-induced interactions between 148 GPCRs and all 11 unique G alpha subunit C-termini. For each receptor, we probed chimeric G alpha subunit activation via a transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) shedding response in HEK293 cells lacking endogenous Gq/11- and G12/13- signaling. | We defined positive coupling if any member of the subfamily scored LogRAi ‚â• -1 and negative coupling if all of the members scored LogRAi < -1 (Figure 3A-B). ROC analysis gives AUC = 0.78 (Figure S4A) when considering high-confidence known coupling data and suggested a threshold of LogRAi ‚â• -1.0 for defining true couplings. | The score associated to this interaction has a LogRAi ‚â• -1.0.
SIGNOR-256787
P15923
P27361
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.372
Notch-induced degradation requires phosphorylation of E47 by p42/p44 MAP kinases. |Wild_type E47 but not the Mm mutant reacted to the antibodies, suggesting that E47 is at least phosphorylated at the M2 site (Figure 3A)|anti_phospho_M2 peptide (SSPSpTPVGSPQG)
SIGNOR-249117
Q96PD2
P00519
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
SFKs and Abl differentially phosphorylate DCBLD1 and DCBLD2 at distinct tyrosine phosphorylation sites.|We report that Src family kinases and Abl differentially promote the interaction between the CRKL-SH2 domain and DCBLD1 and DCBLD2, and while Src family kinases and Abl each promote DCBLD1 and DCBLD2 binding to the CRKL-SH2 domain, the effect of Abl is more pronounced for DCBLD1. 45999997={Domain=45999998 LikeProtein=1399} 45999998="sh2 domain" 45999999="sh2 domain"}
SIGNOR-280167
O75901
O43318
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
As expected, increased expression of TAK1 induced by LV-TAK1 stimulated p-RASSF9, whereas p-MEK and p-ERK were reduced.|We further identified RASSF9 as a downstream target of TAK1 which phosphorylates RASSF9 at S284.
SIGNOR-279534
P60953
Q9C0H5
0
gtpase-activating protein
down-regulates activity
0.577
We therefore developed a screening-compatible live-cell imaging assay, using FRET-based biosensors for the prototype GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC4215,19,20 (Extended Data Fig. 2 and Supplementary Note 1)|We found catalytic activities for 45/75 RhoGEFs and 48/63 RhoGAPs| Our data thus not only reveal extensive promiscuity among regulators, but also that the inactivating RhoGAPs are less selective than the activating RhoGEFs (p-value=0.02)(Supplementary Table 2).
SIGNOR-260495
Q9P212
P09341
2
binding
up-regulates
0.2
In the non-canonical wnt pathway, frizzled uses galfaq or galfai and gbetagamma dimers to activate phospholipase c (plc), resulting in protein kinase c (pkc) activation and calcium mobilization that regulates the transcription factor nfat, and frizzled also signals through the small gtpases rho and rac to c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk), which activates the ap1 transcription factor.
SIGNOR-152591
Q8IVM8
P20823
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.2
Luciferase reporter gene constructs containing the OAT5 (SLC22A10) and OAT7 (SLC22A9) promoter regions were transactivated by HNF-1 in HepG2 cells.
SIGNOR-268982
P31749
Q8N9L9
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.2
HSPA1A was found to associate with ACOT4. Furthermore, we found that phosphorylation of ACOT4 at S392 by AKT decreased the binding of ACOT4 to HSPA1A, resulting in ACOT4 accumulation. |AKT phosphorylates ACOT4 at S392 and promotes ACOT4 stability
SIGNOR-271820
Q9Y2I6
P53350
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.7
Here, we identify a centrosomal plk1 substrate, termed nlp (ninein-like protein), whose properties suggest an important role in microtubule organization. Nlp interacts with two components of the gamma-tubulin ring complex and stimulates microtubule nucleation. Plk1 phosphorylates nlp and disrupts both its centrosome association and its gamma-tubulin interaction
SIGNOR-103356
P48436
P49841
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.444
(E) The SOX9 K2 domain is phosphorylated by GSK3\u03b2 at T236.|Based on our findings that inhibition of GSK3\u03b2 prevents DNA damage-induced SOX9 degradation, and that FBW7 targets SOX9 for degradation after DNA damage, we reasoned that phosphorylation of SOX9 by GSK3\u03b2 is required for FBW7-mediated SOX9 degradation.
SIGNOR-279725
P78527
P23508
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
MCC is phosphorylated at the ATM/ATR consensus sites Ser118 and Ser120.  Finally, mutation of S118/120 to alanine did not affect MCC nuclear shuttling following UV but did impair MCC G2/M checkpoint activity.
SIGNOR-273530
P15056
Q8IVT5
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.63
In mammals, RAF family kinases include three catalytically competent enzymes (ARAF, BRAF and CRAF) and two pseudokinases (KSR1 and KSR2) that have been described as scaffolds owing to their apparent ability to bridge RAF isoforms and their substrate, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK).Kinase suppressor of Ras (KSR) pseudokinases were also shown to dimerize with kinase-competent RAFs to stimulate catalysis allosterically.
SIGNOR-273878
O14641
P60484
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.318
This showed that while both PTEN WT and the lipid phosphatase-inactive G129E mutant suppressed phosphorylation of DVL2 on serine 143 that accumulated upon PTEN knockdown, the C124S and Y138L mutants did not .|Finally, it is important to point out that while our studies show that PTEN can directly dephosphorylate DVL2 in vitro, it is possible that regulation of serine 143 phosphorylation of DVL2 by PTEN in cells may require additional protein factors, or post-translational modifications.
SIGNOR-277035
P05771
P49768
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
A phosphorylation site at serine residue 346 was identified that is selectively phosphorylated by PKC but not by PKA. This site is localized within a recognition motif for caspases, and phosphorylation strongly inhibits proteolytic processing of PS1 by caspase activity during apoptosis.
SIGNOR-249237
O15552
P09471
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.307
Here we systematically quantified ligand-induced interactions between 148 GPCRs and all 11 unique G alpha subunit C-termini. For each receptor, we probed chimeric G alpha subunit activation via a transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) shedding response in HEK293 cells lacking endogenous Gq/11- and G12/13- signaling. | We defined positive coupling if any member of the subfamily scored LogRAi ≥ -1 and negative coupling if all of the members scored LogRAi < -1 (Figure 3A-B). ROC analysis gives AUC = 0.78 (Figure S4A) when considering high-confidence known coupling data and suggested a threshold of LogRAi ≥ -1.0 for defining true couplings. | The score associated to this interaction has a LogRAi ≥ -1.0.
SIGNOR-257075
P01106
O75592
2
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.415
We identified several E3 ligases as strong candidates responsible for AR and MYC protein loss as HECTD4, MYCBP2, and TRIM49. HECTD4 and MYCBP2 target AR and MYC for degradation while TRIM49 appears to promote AR and MYC stability. We have shown that these E3 ligases in turn are directly regulated by MYC. MYC in turn represses the expression of ubiquitin ligases, HECTD4 and MYCBP2 that promote AR and MYC protein degradation, further suppressing MYC and AR in a feed forward loop.
SIGNOR-267145
Q9UMX1
Q9UMX1
2
binding
up-regulates
0.2
Hsu(fu) associated with itself / homo- or heterodimers of hsu(fu) might function to bring together other effector proteins
SIGNOR-72311
Q9H5J4
Q9NP71
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.398
In this study, we clearly show that mouse and human Elovl6 are direct targets of ChREBP. 
SIGNOR-267945
P09341
Q9NPG1
2
binding
up-regulates
0.2
In the non-canonical wnt pathway, frizzled uses galfaq or galfai and gbetagamma dimers to activate phospholipase c (plc), resulting in protein kinase c (pkc) activation and calcium mobilization that regulates the transcription factor nfat, and frizzled also signals through the small gtpases rho and rac to c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk), which activates the ap1 transcription factor gpcrs signal through four relatively small families of galfa proteins (galfas, galfai/o, galfaq, and galfa12/13), and if fzd receptors are classic gpcrs, they should signal through one of these four galfa families.
SIGNOR-152597
Q8N653
Q13618
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.273
Leucine zipper-like transcriptional regulator 1 (LZTR1) encodes a member of the BTB-Kelch superfamily, which interacts with the Cullin3 (CUL3)-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.
SIGNOR-269070
Q13114
Q99836
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.694
Using MyD88 as a prototypical adaptor, we identified TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) as a new component of TIR signalling complexes that is recruited along with TRAF6.
SIGNOR-256079
P18031
P53350
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.354
Cdk1-cyclin B1 directly phosphorylates PTP1B at serine 386 in a kinase assay. Recombinant Plk1 phosphorylates PTP1B on serine 286 and 393 in vitro, however, it requires a priming phosphorylation by Cdk1 at serine 386 highlighting a novel co-operation between Cdk1 and Plk1 in the regulation of PTP1B.|Finally, phosphorylation on serine 286 enhanced PTP1B phosphatase activity.
SIGNOR-272990
Q13115
P45983
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates
0.714
Jnk1 phosphorylation and activation was inhibited by expression of both mkp1 and mkp2
SIGNOR-27756
P52565
Q9ULL4
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.251
Here, we report the expression of plexin-B3 in glioma cells, which upon stimulation by its ligand Sema5A results in significant inhibition of cell migration and invasion. A search for the underlying mechanism revealed direct interaction of plexin-B3 with RhoGDP dissociation inhibitor α (RhoGDIα), a negative regulator of RhoGTPases that blocks guanine nucleotide exchange and sequesters them away from the plasma membrane. direct interaction of RhoGDIα and the cytoplasmic domain of plexin-B3 (plexin-B3CD) was confirmed by GST pulldown assays.
SIGNOR-268435
P30304
P01106
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.627
Expression of Cdc25A is transcriptionally regulated by Myc and E2F-1 , both of which are expressed in MCF-7 cells in response to estrogen
SIGNOR-245465
P60953
Q70Z35
0
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
up-regulates activity
0.423
We therefore developed a screening-compatible live-cell imaging assay, using FRET-based biosensors for the prototype GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC4215,19,20 (Extended Data Fig. 2 and Supplementary Note 1)|We found catalytic activities for 45/75 RhoGEFs and 48/63 RhoGAPs| Our data thus not only reveal extensive promiscuity among regulators, but also that the inactivating RhoGAPs are less selective than the activating RhoGEFs (p-value=0.02)(Supplementary Table 2).
SIGNOR-260572
P27361
Q01094
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.292
Erk also undergoes rapid translocation into the nucleus, where it phosphorylates and activates a variety of transcription factor targets, including sp1, e2f, elk-1, and ap1
SIGNOR-121991
Q9Y3R0
O60282
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.324
HAP1 and GRIP1 are kinesin-1 adaptors that have been implicated individually in the transport of vesicular cargoes in the dendrites of neurons. We find that HAP1a and GRIP1 form a protein complex in the brain, and co-operate to activate the kinesin-1 subunit KIF5C in vitro
SIGNOR-264061
Q9NQU5
Q00987
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
We also showed that PAK6 phosphorylates Mdm2 on Thr-158 and Ser-186, which is critical for AR ubiquitin-mediated degradation.
SIGNOR-276428
P05556
Q9Y5H6
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.2
The clustered protocadherins comprise the largest subfamily of the cadherin superfamily and are predominantly expressed in the nervous system. Pcdh-alpha proteins interact with beta1-integrin to promote cell adhesion.
SIGNOR-265671
P31323
P31323
2
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
Ser114 (the autophosphorylation site) of human RII beta. Point mutation of the autophosphorylation site or in the nuclear location signal causes protein kinase A RII beta regulatory subunit to lose its ability to revert transformed fibroblasts.
SIGNOR-250076
P27361
Q9NYV6
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
Erk-dependent phosphorylation of the transcription initiation factor tif-ia is required for rna polymerase i transcription and cell growth. phosphopeptide mapping and mutational analysis reveals two serine residues (s633 and s649) that are phosphorylated by erk and rsk kinases. Replacement of s649 by alanine inactivates tif-ia, inhibits pre-rrna synthesis, and retards cell growth.
SIGNOR-98984
Q96LA5
Q86YJ5
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.2
MARCH9, a member of the RING-CH family of transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligases, down-regulates CD4, major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC), and ICAM-1 in lymphoid cells. To identify novel MARCH9 substrates, we used high throughput flow cytometry and quantitative mass spectrometry by stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) to determine the differential expression of plasma membrane proteins in a MARCH9-expressing B cell line. This combined approach identified 13 potential new MARCH9 targets. 
SIGNOR-271543
Q16763
P12956
0
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.347
As shown in Figure 4, we found that Ku70 (Figure 4b) and Ku80 (Figure 4c) co-immunoprecipitated with UBE2S.>Taken together, these results demonstrate that ETO enhances the UBE2S–Ku70 interaction, and UBE2S can be recruited to the same sites of DSBs with Ku70 upon ETO treatment.
SIGNOR-265079
Q9P1A6
Q9Y566
1
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.756
SHANK proteins are ‘master’ scaffolding proteins that tether and organize intermediate scaffolding proteins. They are located at excitatory synapses, where they are crucial for proper synaptic development and function. SAPAP proteins subsequently bind to the PDZ domain of members of the SHANK protein family. SHANK proteins then bind to the actin cytoskeleton and to Homer protein, which in turn interacts with mGluRs. Through these extended links, PSD95, SAPAP, SHANK and Homer proteins form a quaternary complex that brings together mGluR and NMDAR complexes in the PSD (FIG. 3).
SIGNOR-264589
P43004
Q03135
2
binding
down-regulates activity
0.248
EAAT3 has previously been shown to form complexes with caveolin-1, a major component of caveolae, which participate in the regulation of transport proteins. The present study explored the impact of caveolin-1 on electrogenic transport by excitatory amino acid transporter isoforms EAAT1-4. caveolin-1 is a powerful negative regulator of the excitatory glutamate transporters EAAT1, EAAT2, EAAT3, and EAAT4. Caveolin-1 has been shown to form complexes with the excitatory amino acid transporter EAAT3 (EAAC1) (Gonzalez et al. 2007) and may thus modify the EAAT isoforms by direct interaction with the carriers.
SIGNOR-264809
Q09472
O75116
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.297
Nuclear Rho kinase, ROCK2, targets p300 acetyltransferase.|p300 acetyltransferase activity is dependent on its phosphorylation status in cells, and p300 phosphorylation by ROCK2 results in an increase in its acetyltransferase activity in vitro.
SIGNOR-279482
Q9UKV8
P48729
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.369
Our experiments demonstrated that target engagement by AGO2 stimulates its hierarchical, multi-site phosphorylation by CSNK1A1 on a series of highly conserved residues (S824-S834).Although this impairs target binding, dephosphorylation by ANKRD52-PPP6C allows AGO2 to engage new targets. Inactivation of this cycle strongly inhibits global miRNA-mediated repression.
SIGNOR-276510
Q8NER5
Q96S42
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.636
Human activin receptor-like kinase 7 (ALK7), a type I receptor for Nodal. activation of the Nodal-ALK7 signaling pathway leads to induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation.
SIGNOR-251936
O60381
Q15759
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.428
A mutation of the p38 map kinase phosphorylation site at aa 401 [(s-a)401hbp1] also triggered hbp1 protein instability. While protein stability was compromised by mutation, the specific activities of (s-a)401hbp1 and of wild-type hbp1 appeared comparable for transcriptional repression.
SIGNOR-119134
Q99705
P38405
2
binding
up-regulates activity
0.25
Here we systematically quantified ligand-induced interactions between 148 GPCRs and all 11 unique G alpha subunit C-termini. For each receptor, we probed chimeric G alpha subunit activation via a transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) shedding response in HEK293 cells lacking endogenous Gq/11- and G12/13- signaling. | We defined positive coupling if any member of the subfamily scored LogRAi ≥ -1 and negative coupling if all of the members scored LogRAi < -1 (Figure 3A-B). ROC analysis gives AUC = 0.78 (Figure S4A) when considering high-confidence known coupling data and suggested a threshold of LogRAi ≥ -1.0 for defining true couplings. | The score associated to this interaction has a LogRAi ≥ -1.0.
SIGNOR-256905
Q96J02
P08151
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates
0.578
The consequent activation of_ itch, together with the recruitment of gli1 through direct binding with_ numb, allows gli1 to enter into the complex, resulting in gli1 ubiquitination and degradation. we demonstrate that the hedgehog transcription factor gli1 is targeted by numb for itch-dependent ubiquitination, which suppresses hedgehog signals, thus arresting growth and promoting cell differentiation
SIGNOR-150847
P34925
P56704
2
binding
up-regulates
0.763
Here, we report that ryk directly binds wnt-1 and wnt-3a via its wif domain and is required for the tcf.
SIGNOR-129580
P53350
Q9Y6D9
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.464
These findings indicate mechanistic roles contributed by protein phosphorylation and Plk1 to the SAC activity of Mad1.Here, we have studied the phosphorylation of Mad1 and mapped using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry several phosphorylated amino acids in this protein. One phosphorylated residue, Thr680, was characterized to be important for the kinetochore localization of Mad1 and its SAC function.
SIGNOR-276173
P55199
Q96JC9
2
binding
up-regulates
0.847
Positive regulation of ell elongation activity depends on stable binding of eaf1 to the ell n terminus
SIGNOR-138516
P17252
P15172
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.363
FGF inactivates myogenic helix-loop-helix proteins through phosphorylation of a conserved protein kinase C site in their DNA-binding domains.
SIGNOR-248845