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Left Ventricular Pacing In Patients With Congestive Heart Failure | <p>Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) using biventricular (BIV) pacing has proved its effectiveness to correct myocardial asynchrony and improve clinical status of patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and widened QRS. Despite a different effect on left ventricular electrical dispersion, left univent... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Etienne</surname><given-names>Yves</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fatemi</surname><given-names>Marjaneh</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Blanc</... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Despite advances in drug treatment, congestive heart failure (CHF) remains a major health care problem associated with a poor quality of life and a high mortality rate. During the past decade, cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) using biventricular (BIV) pacing... |
Biological Pacemakers | <p>Genetically engineered pacemakers could be a possible alternative to implantable electronic devices for the treatment of bradyarrhythmias. The strategies include upregulation of beta adrenergic receptors, conversion of myocytes into pacemaker cells and stem cell therapy. Pacemaker activity in adult ventricular myocy... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rajesh</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name><degrees>MBBS, MD, DNB, DM</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Francis</surname><given-names>Johnson</given-names></name><degrees>MBBS, MD, DM, FCSI</degrees></contrib><aff> Department of Cardio... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Implantable electronic pacemakers remain the treatment of choice for high degree atrioventricular blocks and sinus node dysfunction. The shortcomings of electronic pacemakers include limited battery life, need for lead implantation into heart and lack of response t... |
P Wave Dispersion is Increased in Pulmonary Stenosis | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ozmen</surname><given-names>Namik</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cebeci</surname><given-names>Bekir Sitki</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-typ... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>P wave dispersion (PWD) indicates the spreading of the sinus stimulus in the atria. geneity in the depolarisation of the atria and thus causes atrial fibrillation. Stretching of the atria due to pressure and/or volume load, electrolyte imbalance or increase in sympathetic acti... |
Andersen-Tawil Syndrome | <p>Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) is a rare condition consisting of ventricular arrhythmias, periodic paralysis, and dysmorphic features. In 2001, mutations in KCNJ2, which encodes the a subunit of the potassium channel Kir2.1, were identified in patients with ATS. To date, KCNJ2 is the only gene implicated in ATS, ac... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Smith</surname><given-names>Andrew H</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fish</surname><given-names>Frank A</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kannanke... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Andersen-Tawil syndrome describes a rare condition consisting of ventricular arrhythmias, potassium-sensitive periodic paralysis, and developmental anomalies. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>] While two cases of famil... |
Cardiac Arrhythmia and Geomagnetic Activity | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stoupel</surname><given-names>E</given-names></name><degrees>FESC</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Geomagnetic activity (GMA) is part of the physical environment surrounding us. In last century many studies were published discussing different links between the level of GMA and human homeostasis. They include studies on cardiac arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death... |
Changing QRS Morphology: What is the mechanism? | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haghjoo</surname><given-names>Majid</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arya</surname><given-names>Arash</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dehghani</s... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>ECG in sinus rhythm with ventricular preexcitation and changing QRS morphology was seen that was initially interpreted as the multiple accessory pathway from elsewhere. (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1A</xref>).</p><p>The following mechanisms are potentially involved in the electrogenesis of changing QRS mor... |
The Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS): Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Management | <p>Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), characterized by orthostatic tachycardia in the absence of orthostatic hypotension, has been the focus of increasing clinical interest over the last 15 years 1. Patients with POTS complain of symptoms of tachycardia, exercise intolerance, lightheadedness, extreme fatigue, heada... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Raj</surname><given-names>Satish R</given-names></name><degrees>MD MSCI</degrees></contrib><aff>Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</aff> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), characterized by orthostatic tachycardia in the absence of orthostatic hypotension, has been the focus of increasing clinical interest over the last 15 years [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. Patients with POTS complai... |
An Approach to Catheter Ablation of Cavotricuspid Isthmus Dependent Atrial Flutter | <p>Much of our understanding of the mechanisms of macro re-entrant atrial tachycardia comes from study of cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) dependent atrial flutter. In the majority of cases, the diagnosis can be made from simple analysis of the surface ECG. Endocardial mapping during tachycardia allows confirmation of the... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>O’Neill</surname><given-names>Mark D</given-names></name><degrees>MB BCH DPhil</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jais</surname><given-names>Pierre</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name>... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Since the first description of atrial flutter in humans almost a century ago, electrophysiological techniques have evolved to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the arrhythmia mechanism which in turn, has led to a highly effective therapeutic strategy. Th... |
Gene Therapy in Cardiac Arrhythmias | <p>Gene therapy has progressed from a dream to a bedside reality in quite a few human diseases. From its first application in adenosine deaminase deficiency, through the years, its application has evolved to vascular angiogenesis and cardiac arrhythmias. Gene based biological pacemakers using viral vectors or mesen... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>V</surname><given-names>Praveen S</given-names></name><degrees>MBBS, MD, DNB</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Francis</surname><given-names>Johnson</given-names></name><degrees>MBBS, MD, DM, FCSI</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="auth... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Gene therapy is defined as the transfer of nucleic acids to somatic cells as therapeutically useful molecules. Genetic defects can be corrected or gene products be expressed by gene therapy. This approach has many potential applications, the most obvious being ... |
Electrophysiological Mechanisms of Atrial Flutter | <p>Atrial flutter (AFL) is a common arrhythmia in clinical practice. Several experimental models such as tricuspid regurgitation model, tricuspid ring model, sterile pericarditis model and atrial crush injury model have provided important information about reentrant circuit and can test the effect of antiarrhythmic dr... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tai</surname><given-names>Ching- Tai</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Shin-Ann</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><aff>Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, ... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Atrial flutter (AFL) is a frequent arrhythmia second only to atrial fibrillation in clinical practice. Since Jolly and Ritchie first recorded AFL in 1910, over the next several decades there was surprisingly little progress in understanding its mechanisms [<xref r... |
Exercise-induced left septal fascicular block: an expression of severe myocardial ischemia | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Uchida</surname><given-names>Augusto Hiroshi</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moffa</surname><given-names>Paulo Jorge</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><x... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>The electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria for the left septal fascicular block (LSFB) are not universally accepted and many other denominations can be seen in literature: focal septal block, septal focal block, left septal fascicular block, left anterior septal block, septal fascicular conduction disorder of the left bra... |
Concealed malfunction of the temporary pacemaker | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alasti</surname><given-names>Mohammad</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haghjoo</surname><given-names>Majid</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alizad... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>The 12-lead ECG shows sequential atrial and ventricular pacing (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1A</xref>). A tracing, obtained simultaneously during pacemaker interrogation, disclosed pacemaker functioning as VDD mode (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1B</xref>). The careful examination of this pacemaker t... |
Endocardial Pacemaker Implantation in Neonates and Infants | <p>Transvenous pacemaker lead implantation is the preferred method of pacing in adult patients. Lead performance and longevity are superior and the implantation approach can be performed under local anaesthetic with a very low morbidity. In children, and especially in neonates and infants, the epicardial route was trad... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ayabakan</surname><given-names>Canan</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rosenthal</surname><given-names>Eric</given-names></name><degrees>MD FRCP</degrees></contrib><aff>Evelina Children’s Hospital, Guy&#... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>Cardiac pacing in infants and children has evolved considerably since the initial implants over half a century ago. Pacemaker generators have become smaller and are now easily accommodated subcutaneously or submuscularly either in the chest or the abdominal wall in the smallest of infants. Improvements in lead techn... |
Pacemaker Prevention Therapy in Drug-refractory Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Reliability of Diagnostics and Effectiveness of Prevention Pacing Therapy in Vitatron<sup>™</sup> Selection<sup>®</sup> Device | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Terranova</surname><given-names>Paolo</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Valli</surname><given-names>Paolo</given-names></name><degr... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents one of the major clinical, social and economical medical challenge [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>]. Progressive ageing is associated with an inevitable rising in incidence and prevalence of t... |
Complications and Mortality of Single Versus Dual Chamber Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bagherzadeh</surname><given-names>Ataallah</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Emkanjoo</surname><given-names>Zahra</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>The implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are increasingly being used as a treatment modality for high risk survivors of life-threatening tachyarrhythmia [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>]. Major technological advances li... |
The Potential Benefit of 5% Sulfamylon Solution in the Treatment of <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic>–contaminated Traumatic War Wounds | <p><bold>Background:</bold> The recent report of high numbers of <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> bloodstream infections among service members injured in Iraq and Afghanistan during the period January 2002 through August 2004 has prompted an investigation into their etiology. A review of the current guidelines ... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kucan</surname><given-names>John O.</given-names></name><degrees>MD, FACS</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Heggers</surname><given-names>John P.</given-names></name>... | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <p>The recent report of an increasing number of <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> bloodstream infections among service members injured in Iraq/Afghanistan operations prompted this investigation.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> The number of such infections and the resistance of <italic>A baumannii</italic... |
Immunofluorescence Deconvolution Microscopy and Image Reconstruction of Human Defensins in Normal and Burned Skin | <p><bold>Objective:</bold> The aim of this study was visualization and localization of the human antimicrobials human beta defensins 1, 2, and 3, neutrophil defensin alpha (human neutrophil peptide), and the cathelicidin LL-37 in normal and burned skin, and determination of the cell types in which these antimicrobials ... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Poindexter</surname><given-names>Brian J.</given-names></name><degrees>MS</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff"/><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/></contrib> | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <p>The skin has many natural defenses against infection. Tight junctions between keratinocytes prevent the invasion of microbes, and the fatty acid–rich and lipid-rich environment in the epidermis is toxic not only to bacteria but also to fungi and viruses.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> <italic>Defensi... |
Comparison of Dermal Substitutes in Wound Healing Utilizing a Nude Mouse Model | <p><bold>Background:</bold> Dermal skin substitutes have become a standard of care in burn treatment. <bold>Objective:</bold> To compare and assess wound contracture reduction and histologic incorporation into the wound, dermal substitutes were implanted into full-thickness skin wounds in nude mice. <bold>Materials and... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Truong</surname><given-names>Anh-Tuan N.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kowal-Vern</surname><given-names>Areta</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref rid="aff2"... | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <p>Early excision of the burn eschar has greatly improved burn patients' survival. In some cases, the patient is left with extensive regions devoid of dermis and poor cosmesis. Currently, a variety of skin substitutes or artificial dermal replacements are used not only to decrease morbidity and wound contracture in sev... |
Wound Healing of Cutaneous Sulfur Mustard Injuries | <p>Sulfur mustard is an alkylating chemical warfare agent that primarily affects the eyes, skin, and airways. Sulfur mustard injuries can take several months to heal, necessitate lengthy hospitalizations, and result in significant cosmetic and/or functional deficits. Historically, blister aspiration and/or deroofing (e... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Graham</surname><given-names>John S.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chilcott</surname><given-names>Robert P.</given-names></name><... | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <sec id="S1"><title>HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF SULFUR MUSTARD USE</title><p>Sulfur mustard [bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide; or HD] is a potent vesicating (blistering) chemical warfare agent that was first used in the First World War by Germany against French troops at Ypres, Belgium (1917). Since then, there has been evidenc... |
Collagenase Promotes the Cellular Responses to Injury and Wound Healing In Vivo | <p><bold>Objective:</bold> This study focuses on the growth-promoting and migration-enhancing role that Clostridial collagenase plays in vitro and in vivo. <bold>Methods:</bold> For in vitro studies, biosynthesized extracellular matrices were treated with purified Clostridial collagenase, nonspecific proteases, or buff... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Riley</surname><given-names>Kathleen N.</given-names></name><degrees>BS</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Herman</surname><given-names>Ira M.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type=... | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <p>The keratinocyte basement membrane serves as a scaffold and a macromolecular signaling matrix responsible for regulating cell behavior during development, adult life, and wound healing. Synthesized and organized by keratinocytes, matrix components play a pivotal role in orchestrating epithelial proliferation,<xref r... |
Management of an Acute Thermal Injury With Subatmospheric Pressure | <p><bold>Objective:</bold> This article reports the first application of subatmospheric pressure management to a deep, partial-thickness human thermal burn. <bold>Methods:</bold> After cleaning the wound, the decision was made to treat the hand and distal forearm with subatmospheric pressure (V.A.C., KCI, Inc, San Anto... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Molnar</surname><given-names>Joseph A.</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD, FACS</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff"/><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Simpson</surname><given-names>Jordan L.</given-names></na... | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <p>Management of acute thermal injury is often frustrated by the phenomenon of burn wound progression. In this circumstance, heat-damaged tissue that is alive at presentation becomes progressively nonviable until the skin is found to be nonsalvageable and requires excision and grafting. The etiology of this process is ... |
The Role of Anabolic Hormones for Wound Healing in Catabolic States | <p><bold>Objective:</bold> The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the interrelationship between hormones, nutrition, and wound healing. <bold>Methods:</bold> The data on various hormones and their effects on specific elements of nutrition and wound healing are reviewed. <bold>Results:</bold> The key ana... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Demling</surname><given-names>Robert H.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff"/><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/></contrib> | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <p>There are a number of key hormones involved with energy production, anabolism or protein synthesis, and catabolism or protein breakdown. The balance of anabolic and catabolic hormones affects wound healing both indirectly by the status of overall net protein synthesis and directly by improving the wound healing proc... |
Case Studies | <p><bold>Objective:</bold> The purpose of this report is to present the results of a preliminary treatment regimen for hypertrophic scars combining topical 2% salicylic acid cream (Avosil) with an overlay of hydrogel dressing (Avogel). <bold>Methods:</bold> The study group consisted of 3 patients with symptomatic hyper... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Danielson</surname><given-names>John R.</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Walter</surname><given-names>Robert J.</given-names></n... | Journal of Burns and Wounds | <p>Thirty years ago, Larson et al observed that elastic pressure wrap dressings were effective in reducing scar hypertrophy in healing burn scars.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Since that report, 20 to 24 mm Hg pressure garments have become the mainstay of scar prevention. The mechanism of action of pressure d... |
International Journal of Integrated Care in PubMed Central | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schrijvers</surname><given-names>Guus</given-names></name><role>Editor-in-Chief of IJIC</role><aff>Head of the Julius Centre of the University of Utrecht Medical Centre</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Manten</surname><given-names>Erika</given-na... | International Journal of Integrated Care | <p>We are very proud to announce that starting June 2006, articles, editorials and book reviews published in this journal can also be found in the database of PubMed Central.</p><p>In addition, abstracts of the articles, with direct links to full text, can be found in the PubMed database.</p><p>PubMed Central (PMC) is ... |
Brugada-Like Electrocardiographic Pattern | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Francis</surname><given-names>Johnson</given-names></name><degrees>MD, DM</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Antzelevitch</surname><given-names>Charles</given-names></name><degrees>PhD, FACC</degr... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>The Brugada syndrome is characterized by a ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads associated with right bundle branch block (RBBB) pattern and a propensity for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in the absence of structural heart disease [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. Mutations in a car... |
Surgical treatment of permanent atrial fibrillation during cardiac surgery using monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency ablation | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Geidel</surname><given-names>Stephan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ostermeyer</surname><given-names>Jorg</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contr... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>In cardiac surgery strategies to treat permanent atrial fibrillation (pAF) effectively are of greatest interest because pAF is a frequent problem that substantially deteriorates the prognosis [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>]. Th... |
The Lead Extractor's Toolbox: A Review Of Current Endovascular Pacemaker And ICD Lead Extraction Techniques | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bracke</surname><given-names>FA</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Recently introduced pacemaker leads float freely within the veins and myocardium. Later on, fibrous encapsulation of the lead develops [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. These adhesions not only occur at the lead tip but are commonly found anywhere along the whole leng... |
Sinoatrial Reentry Tachycardia: A Review | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Simmers</surname><given-names>TA</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sreeram</surname><given-names>N</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">†</xref></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>History and Electrophysiology</title><p>The concept of reentry within the sinus node is by no means new. In their 1943 report, Barker and co-workers postulated that “…a circus rhythm could be accommodated in auricular muscle and in one of the specialized nodes at known rates of condu... |
Factors Influencing Lesion Formation During Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation | <p> In radiofrequency (RF) ablation, the heating of cardiac tissue is mainly resistive. RF current heats cardiac tissue and in turn the catheter electrode is being heated. Consequently, the catheter tip temperature is always lower - or ideally equal - than the superficial tissue temperature. The lesion size is influenc... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eick</surname><given-names>Olaf J</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><sec id="s1a"><title>Lesion Generation due to Radiofrequency Energy Application - theoretical considerations</title><p>In RF ablation, the heating of cardiac tissue is mainly resistive. RF current is applied to the tissue via a metal electrode at the tip of the catheter, with a l... |
Cardiac Resynchroniztion Therapy In Heart Failure: Recent Advances And New Insights | <p>Newer non-pharmacological therapies for heart failure are being evaluated for patients of congestive heart failure (CHF). Mechanical support with left ventricular assist devices and heart transplantation are reserved for the minority of patients who have severely decompensated heart failure. Despite these therapeuti... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bhatia</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bhatia</surname><given-names>R</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Approximately 30 percent of patients with cardiomyopathy have IVCD such as left or right bundle-branch block, leading to loss of coordination of ventricular contraction [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>]. This dyssynchronous patte... |
Congenital Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia: Presentation And Outcome | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sarubbi</surname><given-names>Berardo</given-names></name><degrees>MD PhD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vergara</surname><given-names>Pasquale</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a rare type of supraventricular arrhythmia. Even if its management has improved in recent years, it remains a great challenge for the cardiologist. Two are the possible clinical presentations of this arrhythmia: as a primary idiopathic d... |
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">1</xref> | <p>Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is characterized by the patchy replacement of myocardium by fatty or fibrofatty tissue. These changes lead to structural abnormalities including right ventricular enlargement and wall motion abnormalities that can be detected by echocardiography, ang... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Indik</surname><given-names>Julia H</given-names></name><degrees>MD PhD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marcus</surname><given-names>Frank I</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Arhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomypathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is a disorder in which the right ventricular myocardium is interspersed with fatty or fibrofatty tissue. This pathological process principally affects the right ventricle, but in advanced cases can lead to bivent... |
Do All Children with Congenital Complete Atrioventricular Block Require Permanent Pacing ? | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Balmer</surname><given-names>Christian</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bauersfeld</surname><given-names>Urs</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>With an incidence of 1 in 20,000 live born infants [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>], congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) is a rare disease. The aetiology is not completely understood. However, CCAVB may be isolated or combined with congenital heart diseases in up to 53% of affected individual... |
Brugada-like Precordial ST Elevation on ECG by Anterior Mediastinal Infective Mass Lesion | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nakazato</surname><given-names>Yuji</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ohmura</surname><given-names>Takayasu</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shimada</surname><given-names>Issei</given-names... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>Several causes are known to induce the right precordial ST elevation mimicking Brugada syndrome. Right ventricular outflow area is assumed to be responsible for such ECG changes. We experienced a case of anterior mediastinal infective mass lesion with a Brugada-like ECG.</p><p>A 52-year-old female, who has pulmonary... |
The fallacies of QT correction | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lokhandwala</surname><given-names>Yash</given-names></name><degrees>MD, DM</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Toal</surname><given-names>SC</given-names></name><degrees>MD, DM</degrees><xref ref-t... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>“Not to correct QT, but how to, that is the question”. The QT interval is a reflection of the action potential in the cardiac cells. Homogenous or heterogenous changes in the action potential duration lead to alteration of QT interval (in addition to morphological changes of T & U waves) [<xr... |
Optical Mapping Of Cardiac Arrhythmias | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arora</surname><given-names>Rishi</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Das</surname><given-names>Mithilesh K</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zipes</s... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Recent Advances In Mapping Of Cardiac Arrhythmias</title><p>The concept of mapping rhythmic activation of the heart dates back to the beginning of last century, with initial descriptions of reentry in turtle hearts [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>], to the first systematic mapping of sinus r... |
Genetic basis and pathogenesis of Familial WPW Syndrome | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sidhu</surname><given-names>Jasvinder</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Roberts</surname><given-names>Robert</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>The Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome has been a known clinical entity for over fifty years. In 1967 Durrer et al postulated WPW syndrome was due to an accessory pathway, bypassing the AV node, from the atria to the ventricles [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. This... |
Transesophageal pacing : a versatile diagnostic and therapeutic tool | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Verbeet</surname><given-names>Thierry</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Castro</surname><given-names>José</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Transesophageal atrial pacing is feasible because of the proximity between the oesophagus and the posterior aspect of the atria [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. Atrial pacing is possible through the oesophagus in almost all patients and can yield important informatio... |
Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gauri</surname><given-names>Andre J</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Knight</surname><given-names>Bradley P</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia in adults, affects 1 in 25 people over the age of 60 years and 1 in 10 over the age of 80 years [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. There is considerable morbidity, mortality and economic burden associated with AF, all of which will increase with the expand... |
Role of Atrial Fibrillation Threshold Evaluation on Guiding Treatment | <p>Atrial fibrillation could be induced reproducibly by 50Hz rapid stimulation which was given through systolic and early diastolic phase of atrial excitation. Duration of atrial fibrillation induced in this way was roughly dependent on the current amplitude of the stimulation. The minimum current that could induce lon... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shirayama</surname><given-names>Takeshi</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Atrial fibrillation is a target of intensive research because fibrillation is the final frontier in the arrhythmology [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>]. Now we have several therapeutic modalities for this common arrhythmia, inclu... |
Brugada Disease: Chronology Of Discovery And Paternity.
Preliminary Observations And Historical Aspects | <p>The Brugada disease, the last clinico-cardiologic entity described in the 20th century, initially called right bundle branch block syndrome with ST segment elevation from V1 to V2 or V3 and sudden cardiac death, is genetically determined in a dominant autosomal mode, and it affects the alpha subunit of the Na<sup>+<... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Riera</surname><given-names>Andres Ricardo Perez</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schapachnik</surname><given-names>Edgardo</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degre... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Preliminary Observations: "Prehistory"</title><p>Halfway through the 20th century (1953), Osher and Woff noticed the right bundle branch block (RBBB) electrocardiographic pattern, associated to ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads. These were considered at the time as normal variants, ... |
Selecting Dual Chamber or Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillators: What is the Golden Rule? | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Santini</surname><given-names>Massimo</given-names></name><degrees>MD, FESC, FACC</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ricci</surname><given-names>Renato</given-names></name><degrees>MD, FESC</degrees></contrib> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>During the last years, the implantation rate of dual chamber defibrillators (ICD) significantly increased worldwide. In 1999, the proportion of dual chamber ICD implants reached 30% in Europe and 50% in U.S.A. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. According to manufacture... |
Nearly Fatal Torsade de Pointes with Sotalol | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Strohmer</surname><given-names>Bernhard</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schernthaner</surname><given-names>Christiana</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><su... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>A 75-year-old woman with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) experienced recurrent seizures at home. Holter monitoring (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1</xref>) (each line 50 sec) showed repetitive runs of torsade de pointes (TdP), degenerating into ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia (VT). Ab... |
Intra-atrial Re-entrant Tachycardia
with Wenckebach Periodicity | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sarubbi</surname><given-names>Berardo</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vergara</surname><given-names>Pasquale</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surnam... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>A 15-year-old girl, previously asymptomatic for palpitations, underwent a successful atrial septal defect (ASD) device closure. Twelve weeks after the procedure, the patient was admitted complaining of dyspnoea on effort and palpitations. The twelve-lead ECG showed a narrow QRS tachycardia with slight heart rate irr... |
Trends in Cardiac Pacemaker Batteries | <p>Batteries used in Implantable cardiac pacemakers-present unique challenges to their developers and manufacturers in terms of high levels of safety and reliability. In addition, the batteries must have longevity to avoid frequent replacements. Technological advances in leads/electrodes have reduced energy requirement... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mallela</surname><given-names>Venkateswara Sarma</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ilankumaran</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xr... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><sec id="s1a"><title>Cardiac Pacemaker</title><p>The pacemaker unit delivers an electrical pulse with the proper intensity to the proper location to stimulate the heart at a desired rate. The cardiac pacemaker comprises of a pulse generator and a lead system. The puls... |
New Concepts in Pacemaker Syndrome | <p>After implantation of a permanent pacemaker, patients may experience severe symptoms of dyspnea, palpitations, malaise, and syncope resulting from pacemaker syndrome. Although pacemaker syndrome is most often ascribed to the loss of atrioventricular (A-V) synchrony, more recent data may also implicate left ventricu... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Farmer</surname><given-names>D. Michael</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Estes</surname><given-names>NA. Mark</given-names><suffix>III</suffix></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Pacemaker syndrome consists of the cardiovascular signs and symptoms of heart failure and hypotension induced by right ventricular (RV) pacing. The reported incidence of pacemaker syndrome likely approaches 20% in rate modulated ventricular-based (VVIR) pacing [<x... |
A Rare, Late Complication after Automated Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement | <p>This article describes an interesting case of automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) extrusion fifteen months after implantation. The case report is followed by a discussion of the causes and treatment of skin erosion following pacemaker/AICD insertion.</p> | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shapiro</surname><given-names>Michael</given-names></name><degrees>DO</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hanon</surname><given-names>Sam</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schweitzer... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Case report</title><p> The patient is a 65 year old man with a history of chronic renal insufficiency, dyslipidemia, hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, and coronary artery disease status post myocardial infarction in 1994. He was revascularized with 3-vessel coronary artery bypa... |
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia: It Is Not Always As It Is Expected | <p>Observation of Coincident arrhythmias is not uncommon but the co-existence of idiopathic verapamil sensitive left ventricular tachycardia (ILVT) with other arrhythmias is very rare. We hereby presented a 30 year old male patient with a history of frequent episodes of palpitations and sustained narrow complex tachyca... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arya</surname><given-names>Arash</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haghjoo</surname><given-names>Majid</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zahra</surn... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Idiopathic sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) accounts for 10-20% of patients with sustained monomorphic VT [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. More than a half of idiopathic VTs originates from right ventricle especially from the right ventricular outfl... |
Issues in QT interval measurement | <p>The QT interval, apart from clinical implications is crucial for safety assessment of new drugs under development. A QTc prolongation of even 10 msec in a study group is a warning signal for a new drug.</p><p>There are various issues involved in the measurement of the QT interval especially regarding the ending of t... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lanjewar</surname><given-names>Pallavi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pathak</surname><given-names>Vaishali</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></con... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p> The QT interval represents the time required for completion of both ventricular depolarization and repolarisation and has been a parameter of particular interest [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. Certain drugs have the ability to delay cardiac repolarization manifested as QT interval prolongation. This cre... |
Electrical Storms in Brugada Syndrome: Review of Pharmacologic and Ablative Therapeutic Options | <p>Electrical storm occurring in a patient with the Brugada syndrome is an exceptional but malignant and potentially lethal event. Efficient therapeutic solutions should be known and urgently applied because of the inability of usual antiarrhythmic means in preventing multiple recurrences of ventricular arrhythmias. Is... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>P</surname><given-names>Maury</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>M</surname><given-names>Hocini</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>The Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac electrical disorder occurring in the absence of obvious structural heart disease, initially defined by the association of right bundle branch block, ST elevation in right precordial leads and sudden cardiac death related to polymorphic ventricular tachycardias [<xref ref-... |
Electrophysiological Mechanisms of Ventricular Fibrillation Induction | <p>Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is known as a main responsible cause of sudden cardiac death which claims thousands of lives each year. Although the mechanism of VF induction has been investigated for over a century, its definite mechanism is still unclear. In the past few decades, the development of new advance tec... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chattipakorn</surname><given-names>Nipon</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shinlapawittayatorn</surname><given-names>Kirkwit</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was first described by Erichsen in 1842 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. It is known as a fatal cardiac arrhythmia that can cause sudden death. This life-threatening VF has drawn the strong attention of a number of investig... |
U wave: an Important Noninvasive Electrocardiographic Diagnostic Marker | <p>Study of U waves exemplifies important clinical role of noninvasive electrocardiography in modern cardiology. Present article highlights significance of U waves with a clinical case and also summarizes in brief the history of the same</p> | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>P</surname><given-names>Girish M</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gupta</surname><given-names>Mohit Dayal</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mukhopadhyay</surname><given-names>Saibal</given-... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>Study of U waves has been more of academic importance rather than clinical application. Negative U waves when present may be of immense clinical importance. We describe here one such case where U waves were not only an early noninvasive marker for acute ischemia but they also disappeared after successful revasculari... |
Pacemapping | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moreno</surname><given-names>Mauricio</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Perez-Castellano</surname><given-names>Nicasio</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>Pacemapping (PM) is an electrophysiologic technique designed to help locating tachycardia sources by stimulating at different endocardial sites in order to reproduce the clinical tachycardia characteristics. A recorded electrocardiogram (ECG) during the clinical tachycardia has been conventionally used as reference.... |
Catheter Ablation of Tachyarrhythmias in Small Children | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Blaufox</surname><given-names>Andrew D</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><aff>Children’s Heart Program of South Carolina – MUSC</aff> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>An estimated 80,000-100,000 radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedures are performed in the United States each year [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. Approximately 1% of these are performed on pediatric patients at centers that contribute data to the Pediatr... |
Multiple Arrhythmogenic Substrate for Tachycardia in a Patient with Frequent Palpitations | <p>We report a 26-year-old woman with frequent episodes of palpitation and dizziness. Resting electrocardiography showed no evidence of ventricular preexcitation. During electrophysiologic study, a concealed right posteroseptal accessory pathway was detected and orthodromic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia incorp... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haghjoo</surname><given-names>Majid</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arya</surname><given-names>Arash</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dehghani</s... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Several reports demonstrated the existence of double tachycardia such as atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>], or AVN... |
Role of Biatrial Pacing in Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eslami</surname><given-names>Massoud</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mirkhani</surname><given-names>Hamid S.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-t... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="intro" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) constitutes the most common sustained arrhythmia [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>]. Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurs in 10% to 40% of ... |
Cryothermal Energy Ablation Of Cardiac Arrhythmias 2005: State Of The Art | <p>At the time of antiarrhythmic surgery, cryothermal energy application by a hand-held probe was used to complement dissections and resections and permanently abolish the arrhythmogenic substrate. Over the last decade, significant engineering advances allowed percutaneous cryoablation based on catheters, apparently no... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>De Ponti</surname><given-names>Roberto</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><aff>Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy</aff> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>From surgical to catheter-based cryoablation</title><p>In the 80’s, epicardial cryoablation was introduced in antiarrhythmic surgery for ablation of accessory pathways by Klein et al [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. A hand-held cryoprobe was applied at the site where i... |
May Fever Trigger Ventricular Fibrillation? | <p>The clinical precipitants of ventricular fibrillation (VF) remain poorly understood. Clinical factors such as hypoxemia, acidosis or electrolyte imbalance, drug-related toxicity, autonomic nervous system disorders as well as viral myocarditis have been proposed to be associated with sudden cardiac death particularly... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pasquié</surname><given-names>Jean Luc</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib><aff>Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France</aff> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the main mechanism of sudden cardiac death. Clinical factors such as hypoxemia, acidosis or electrolyte imbalance, drug-related toxicity, autonomic nervous system disorders as well as viral myocarditis have been proposed to be assoc... |
Brugada-type Electrocardiographic Pattern Induced by Fever | <p>ST-segment elevation in Brugada syndrome is caused by a shift in the ionic current balance and the creation of a voltage gradient between the epicardium and the endocardium. This ionic mechanism have been shown to be temperature dependent. We describe a 33-year-old man who presented with fever with the dynamic elect... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ozeke</surname><given-names>Ozcan</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Aras</surname><given-names>Dursun</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Geyik</surna... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Case Report</title><p>A 33-year-old man with fever due to common cold was referred to our hospital with suspicion of having an acute coronary syndrome. Three hours before admission, the patient with complaints of fever, chills, sore throat, was admitted to a local hospital, where the tem... |
Naxos Disease<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">1</xref> | <p>Since 1995, according to the World Health Organisation’s classification of cardiomyopathies, Naxos disease has been considered as the recessive form of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). It is a stereotype association of ARVD/C with a cutaneous phenotype, characterised by woo... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Protonotarios</surname><given-names>Nikos</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tsatsopoulou</surname><given-names>Adalena</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><aff>Yannis Protonotarios Medical Center,... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Definition</title><p>Since 1995, according to the World Health Organisation’s classification of cardiomyopathies, Naxos disease has been considered as the recessive form of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>... |
Role of Catheter Ablation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">1</xref> | <p>Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy is a disorder characterized by frequent ventricular tachycardia originating from the right ventricle and fibro-fatty replacement of right ventricular myocardium. Though the disorder was originally described during surgical ablation of refractory ventricular t... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Francis</surname><given-names>Johnson</given-names></name><degrees>MBBS, MD, DM</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fontaine</surname><given-names>Guy</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD, FACC, FA... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD) is a disorder characterized by fibro-fatty replacement of the right ventricular myocardium, frequent ventricular tachycardia originating from the right ventricle and right heart failure. It was origin... |
Idiopathic Epicardial Ventricular Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Ablation Technique from the Aortic Sinus of Valsalva | <p>Idiopathic outflow tract arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardias or symptomatic premature ventricular contractions; OT-VT/PVCs) can originate from the left ventricular (LV) epicardium (Epi-VT/PVCs), and radiofrequency (RF) energy applications from the aortic sinus of Valsalva can eliminate Epi-VT/PVCs in selected pati... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tada</surname><given-names>Hiroshi</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><aff>Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Gunma Japan</aff> | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation has been established as an effective and curative therapy for ventricular tachycardias (VTs) or symptomatic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) originating from the outflow tract (OT-VT/PVCs) in structurally normal hearts... |
Coexistence of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia and Idiopathic Left Ventricular Outflow-Tract Tachycardia | <p>Double tachycardia is a relatively rare condition. We describe a 21 year old woman with history of frequent palpitations. In one of these episodes, she had wide complex tachycardia with right bundle branch and inferior axis morphology. A typical atrioventricular nodal tachycardia was induced during electrophysiologi... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haghjoo</surname><given-names>Majid</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arya</surname><given-names>Arash</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dehghani</s... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Double tachycardia, defined as the simultaneous occurrence of atrial and ventricular [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>] or junctional and ventricular tachycardia (VT) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>], has been... |
Bundle Branch Reentrant Ventricular Tachycardia | <p>Bundle branch reentrant (BBR) tachycardia is an uncommon form of ventricular tachycardia (VT) incorporating both bundle branches into the reentry circuit. The arrhythmia is usually seen in patients with an acquired heart disease and significant conduction system impairment, although patients with structurally normal... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mazur</surname><given-names>Alexander</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kusniec</surname><given-names>Jairo</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Strasb... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Bundle branch reentrant (BBR) tachycardia is a form of ventricular tachycardia (VT) incorporating both bundle branches into the reentry circuit. Another variant of the His-Purkinje macro-reentry utilizing ramifications of the left bundle branch is referred to as in... |
Ventricular Tachycardia in the Absence of Structural Heart Disease | <p>In up to 10% of patients who present with ventricular tachycardia (VT), obvious structural heart disease is not identified. In such patients, causes of ventricular arrhythmia include right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) VT, extrasystoles, idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia (ILVT), idiopathic propranolol-sensi... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Srivathsan</surname><given-names>Komandoor</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lester</surname><given-names>Steven J</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="a... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <sec sec-type="" id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>It is estimated that 10% of patients who present with ventricular tachycardia (VT) have no obvious structural heart disease [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>]. An absence of structural heart disease is usually suggested if an electrocardiogram (ECG) (except ... |
Risk Stratification for Sudden Cardiac Death In Patients With Non-ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy | <p>Non ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) is a disorder of myocardium. It has varying etiologies. Albeit the varying etiologies of this heart muscle disorder, it presents with symptoms of heart failure, and rarely as sudden cardiac death (SCD). Manifestations of this disorder are in many ways similar to its counte... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shekha</surname><given-names>Karthik</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ghosh</surname><given-names>Joydeep</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thekkoo... | Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | <p>Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) is a primary disease of the myocardium, characterized by dilatation of all four chambers of the heart, but primarily the left ventricle, with associated systolic dysfunction. The incidence of dilated cardiomyopathy is 5 - 8 / 100,000 / year [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">... |
A statistical method for predicting splice variants between two groups of samples using GeneChip<sup>® </sup>expression array data | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNA results in RNA variants with combinations of selected exons. It is one of the essential biological functions and regulatory components in higher eukaryotic cells. Some of these variants are detectable with the Affymetrix GeneChip<sup>® <... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fan</surname><given-names>Wenhong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>wfan@fhcrc.org</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Khalid</surname><given-names>Najma</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="... | Theoretical Biology & Medical Modelling | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNA is an essential biological functional and regulatory component in higher eukaryotic cells. It increases the complexity of biological processes and gives the cells enhanced capability to respond to various factors, such as developmental changes a... |
Premature ovarian failure | <p>Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a primary ovarian defect characterized by absent menarche (primary amenorrhea) or premature depletion of ovarian follicles before the age of 40 years (secondary amenorrhea). It is a heterogeneous disorder affecting approximately 1% of women <40 years, 1:10,000 women by age ... | <contrib id="A1" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Beck-Peccoz</surname><given-names>Paolo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>paolo.beckpeccoz@unimi.it</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Persani</surname><given-names>Luca</given-names></... | Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases | <sec><title>Disease name and synonyms</title><p>Premature ovarian failure (POF; POF1: OMIM 311360); Hypergonadotropic ovarian failure; Menopausa precoce.</p><sec><title>Included diseases</title><p>POF2 (OMIM #300511); POF3 (OMIM #608996)</p></sec></sec><sec><title>Definition</title><p>Premature ovarian failure is defin... |
Effect of Ebola virus proteins GP, NP and VP35 on VP40 VLP morphology | <p>Recently we described a role for Ebola virus proteins, NP, GP, and VP35 in enhancement of VP40 VLP budding. To explore the possibility that VLP structure was altered by co-expression of EBOV proteins leading to the observed enhancement of VP40 VLP budding, we performed density gradient analysis as well as electron m... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Johnson</surname><given-names>Reed F</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>rfj@vet.upenn.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bell</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" r... | Virology Journal | <sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Ebola and Marburg viruses are members of the <italic>Filoviridae </italic>family of the order <italic>Mononegavirales</italic>. Both viruses are associated with recurrent outbreaks of deadly hemorrhagic fevers with mortality rates as high as 90% [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref... |
Violent crime exposure classification and adverse birth outcomes: a geographically-defined cohort study | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Area-level socioeconomic disparities have long been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Crime is an important element of the neighborhood environment inadequately investigated in the reproductive and public health literature. When crime has been used in research, it has been var... | <contrib id="A1" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Messer</surname><given-names>Lynne C</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>lmesser@email.unc.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" equal-contrib="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kaufman</surname><given-names>Jay S</... | International Journal of Health Geographics | <sec><title>Background</title><p>The literature related to area-level effects, particularly socioeconomic disadvantage, on public health outcomes has grown substantially in recent years [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>]. Research in perinatal health has demonstrated mod... |
Apolipoprotein E-specific innate immune response in astrocytes from targeted replacement mice | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Inheritance of the three different alleles of the human apolipoprotein (apo) E gene (<italic>APOE</italic>) are associated with varying risk or clinical outcome from a variety of neurologic diseases. ApoE isoform-specific modulation of several pathogenic processes, in addition to amyloi... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maezawa</surname><given-names>Izumi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>imaezawa@u.washington.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maeda</surname><given-names>Nobuyo</given-names></name><xref ref-typ... | Journal of Neuroinflammation | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Humans are different from other mammals in that we have 3 common alleles of the apolipoprotein E gene (<italic>APOE</italic>): the ε2 (<italic>APOE2</italic>), ε3 (<italic>APOE3</italic>), and ε4 (<italic>APOE4</italic>) alleles [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1<... |
Antibiotic resistance as a global threat: Evidence from China, Kuwait and the United States | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Antimicrobial resistance is an under-appreciated threat to public health in nations around the globe. With globalization booming, it is important to understand international patterns of resistance. If countries already experience similar patterns of resistance, it may be too late to wor... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Ruifang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>ruifang.zhang@gs.com</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eggleston</surname><given-names>Karen</given-names></name><... | Globalization and Health | <sec><title/><p>In 1942, the first U.S. patient with streptococcal infection was miraculously cured with a small dose of penicillin. Sixty years later, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus is widespread. Such antimicrobial resistance threatens the health of many throughout the world, since both old and new infectious dis... |
Impaired germ cell development due to compromised cell cycle progression in Skp2-deficient mice | <sec><title>Background</title><p>The gonads are responsible for the production of germ cells through both mitosis and meiosis. Skp2 is the receptor subunit of an SCF-type ubiquitin ligase and is a major regulator of the progression of cells into S phase of the cell cycle, which it promotes by mediating the ubiquitin-de... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fotovati</surname><given-names>Abbas</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">2</xref><email>abbas@med.kurume-u.ac.jp</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nakayama</surname><given-names... | Cell Division | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Infertility affects 10 to 15% of couples with up to half of fertility problems having a genetic etiology [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. A major type of infertility is characterized by impaired production of germ cells. Germ cell development begins with the appearance of prim... |
Neuroactive substances specifically modulate rhythmic body contractions in the nerveless metazoon <italic>Tethya wilhelma </italic>(Demospongiae, Porifera) | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Sponges (Porifera) are nerve- and muscleless metazoa, but display coordinated motor reactions. Therefore, they represent a valuable phylum to investigate coordination systems, which evolved in a hypothetical Urmetazoon prior to the central nervous system (CNS) of later metazoa. We have ... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ellwanger</surname><given-names>Kornelia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>kornelia.ellwanger@izi.uni-stuttgart.de</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nickel</surname><given-names>Michae... | Frontiers in Zoology | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Sponges are nerveless and muscleless multicellular animals, which emerged early during the evolution of the metazoa [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. Therefore, sponges represent valuable model systems to conclude upon a hypothetical Urmetazoa, from which the metazoan bodyplan ... |
Active Stat3 is required for survival of human squamous cell carcinoma cells in serum-free conditions | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is the most aggressive form of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), and is the single most commonly diagnosed cancer in the U.S., with over one million new cases reported each year. Recent studies have revealed an oncogenic role of activated signal ... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yin</surname><given-names>Weihong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>wyin@lsuhsc.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cheepala</surname><given-names>Satish</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" r... | Molecular Cancer | <sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer in the U.S., with over a million new cases of the two most common forms, squamous and basal cell carcinoma, anticipated in 2004 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. The more clinically aggressive form, squamous cell carci... |
Efficacy of topical cobalt chelate CTC-96 against adenovirus in a cell culture model and against adenovirus keratoconjunctivitis in a rabbit model | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Adenovirus (Ad), associated with significant morbidity, has no topical treatment. A leading CTC compound (CTC-96), a Co<sup>III </sup>chelate, was found to have potent <italic>in vitro </italic>and <italic>in vivo </italic>antiviral efficacy against herpes viruses. In this study CTC-96 ... | <contrib id="A1" equal-contrib="yes" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Epstein</surname><given-names>Seth P</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>seth.epstein@mssm.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" equal-contrib="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pashinsky</surnam... | BMC Ophthalmology | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Adenovirus is the most common external ocular viral infection worldwide[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. Although not permanently blinding, ocular adenoviral infections are associated with significant patient morbidity, including symptomatic distress, and corneal changes causin... |
Combined IL-21 and Low-Dose IL-2 therapy induces anti-tumor immunity and long-term curative effects in a murine melanoma tumor model | <sec><title>Background</title><p>In vivo studies have recently demonstrated that interleukin 21 (IL-21) enhances the anti-tumor function of T-cells and NK cells in murine tumor models, and the combined use of IL-21 and IL-15 has resulted in prolonged tumor regression and survival in mice with previously established tum... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>He</surname><given-names>Hong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>hong.he@providence.org</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wisner</surname><given-names>Preya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" r... | Journal of Translational Medicine | <sec><title>Background</title><p>IL-21 has potent immunomodulatory effects on T cells and NK cells [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. However, the current understanding of the effects of IL-21 on the regulation of both antigen-independent homeostatic and antigen-stimulated proliferation and activation of naive ... |
Integrated biclustering of heterogeneous genome-wide datasets for the inference of global regulatory networks | <sec><title>Background</title><p>The learning of global genetic regulatory networks from expression data is a severely under-constrained problem that is aided by reducing the dimensionality of the search space by means of clustering genes into putatively <italic>co-regulated </italic>groups, as opposed to those that ar... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reiss</surname><given-names>David J</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>dreiss@systemsbiology.org</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baliga</surname><given-names>Nitin S</given-names></na... | BMC Bioinformatics | <sec><title>Background</title><p>The statistical elucidation of genetic regulatory networks from experimental data (commonly mRNA expression levels) is an important problem that has been the center of a large body of work [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B43">43</xref>]. Because thi... |
Repression of Smoothened by Patched-Dependent (Pro-)Vitamin D3 Secretion | <p>The developmentally important hedgehog (Hh) pathway is activated by binding of Hh to patched (Ptch1), releasing smoothened (Smo) and the downstream transcription factor glioma associated (Gli) from inhibition. The mechanism behind Ptch1-dependent Smo inhibition remains unresolved. We now show that by mixing Ptch1-tr... | <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Bijlsma</surname><given-names>Maarten F</given-names></name><email>m.f.bijlsma@amc.uva.nl</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Spek</surname><given-names>C. Arnold</given-names></na... | PLoS Biology | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Signal transduction of the morphogen hedgehog (Hh) is highly unusual, with many features unique to this signalling system, many of which are only partly understood [
<xref rid="pbio-0040232-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>]. For instance, Hh signalling is mediated by two membran... |
Inhibiting Hedgehog: New Insights into a Developmentally Important Signaling Pathway | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hoff</surname><given-names>Mary</given-names></name></contrib> | PLoS Biology | <p>What transforms a ball of undifferentiated cells into an organism with a nervous system, digestive tract, and other specialized body parts? Among the proteins that play an important role is one with the unlikely name of hedgehog (Hh). When Hh attaches to a transmembrane protein known as patched (Ptch1), it initiates... |
Wnt Sets the Stage for Spinal Cord Patterning in the Chick | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chanut</surname><given-names>Françoise</given-names></name></contrib> | PLoS Biology | <p>The spinal cord and brain harbor a variety of motor neurons that innervate limbs, thorax, neck, or face. Different classes of motor neurons reside at different locations along the head-to-tail (rostrocaudal) axis of the nervous system, reflecting a patterning that arises early in embryonic development, when the nerv... |
An Early Role for Wnt Signaling in Specifying Neural Patterns of
<italic>Cdx</italic> and
<italic>Hox</italic> Gene Expression and Motor Neuron Subtype Identity
| <p>The link between extrinsic signaling, progenitor cell specification and neuronal subtype identity is central to the developmental organization of the vertebrate central nervous system. In the hindbrain and spinal cord, distinctions in the rostrocaudal identity of progenitor cells are associated with the generation o... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nordström</surname><given-names>Ulrika</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maier</surname><given-names>Esther</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</su... | PLoS Biology | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>During the early development of the vertebrate central nervous system, the position of generation of post-mitotic neurons depends on the patterning of progenitor cells along the dorsoventral and rostrocaudal axes of the neural tube [
<xref rid="pbio-0040252-b001" ref-type="bib... |
Accelerated Growth following Poor Early Nutrition Impairs Later Learning | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gross</surname><given-names>Liza</given-names></name></contrib> | PLoS Biology | <p>The conditions an organism experiences early in life can have critical impacts on its subsequent health and well being, both over the short and long term. Aside from facing a greater risk of death, low birth weight human babies (5.5 pounds and under) have increased risk of developmental disabilities throughout life.... |
Compensatory Growth Impairs Adult Cognitive Performance | <p>Several studies have demonstrated that poor early nutrition, followed by growth compensation, can have negative consequences later in life. However, it remains unclear whether this is attributable to the nutritional deficit itself or a cost of compensatory growth. This distinction is important to our understanding b... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fisher</surname><given-names>Michael O</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nager</surname><given-names>Ruedi G</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xr... | PLoS Biology | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>It has recently been recognised that many organisms are capable of adjusting their phenotypic development to mitigate at least some of the potentially negative effects of poor early nutrition [
<xref rid="pbio-0040251-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>,
<xref rid="pbio-0040251-b00... |
The “Ultimate Prize” for Big Tobacco: Opening the Chinese Cigarette Market by Cigarette Smuggling | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Novotny</surname><given-names>Thomas E</given-names></name></contrib> | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>The Prize</title><p>China has long been identified as the most important international cigarette market, now and in the future—O'Sullivan and Chapman called China the “ultimate prize” among the world's emerging tobacco markets [
<xref rid="pmed-0030279-b1" ref-type="bibr">1</... |
Insensitivity of Paediatric HIV-1 Subtype C Viruses to Broadly Neutralising Monoclonal Antibodies Raised against Subtype B | <sec id="st1"><title>Background</title><p>A Phase I clinical trial has been proposed that uses neutralising monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) as passive immunoprophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in South Africa. To assess the suitability of such an approach, we determined the sensitivity of paediatr... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gray</surname><given-names>Elin Solomonovna</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Meyers</surname><given-names>Tammy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
... | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Only four broadly neutralising monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against HIV-1 have been generated to date, all of which were derived from patients with HIV-1 subtype B infection. IgG1b12 recognizes an epitope overlapping the CD4 binding site in the envelope glycoprotein complex [
... |
Routine HIV Testing in Botswana: A Population-Based Study on Attitudes, Practices, and Human Rights Concerns | <sec id="st1"><title>Background</title><p>The Botswana government recently implemented a policy of routine or “opt-out” HIV testing in response to the high prevalence of HIV infection, estimated at 37% of adults.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Methods and Findings</title><p>We conducted a cross-s... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Weiser</surname><given-names>Sheri D</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></cont... | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>There has been widespread concern about the slow uptake of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa [
<xref rid="pmed-0030261-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>,
<xref rid="pmed-0030261-b002" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>]. VCT is a cornerstone of cost... |
<italic>MPLW515L</italic> Is a Novel Somatic Activating Mutation in Myelofibrosis with Myeloid Metaplasia
| <sec id="st1"><title>Background</title><p>The
<italic>JAK2V617F</italic> allele has recently been identified in patients with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MF). Subsequent analysis has shown that constitutive activation of the JAK-STAT signal transduct... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pikman</surname><given-names>Yana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Benjamin H</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref><... | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>The BCR-ABL negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MF) [
<xref rid="pmed-0030270-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>]. Although clonal hematopoiesis was observed i... |
Core Verbal Autopsy Procedures with Comparative Validation Results from Two Countries | <sec id="st1"><title>Background</title><p>Cause-specific mortality statistics remain scarce for the majority of low-income countries, where the highest disease burdens are experienced. Neither facility-based information systems nor vital registration provide adequate or representative data. The expansion of sample vita... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Setel</surname><given-names>Philip W</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rao</surname><given-names>Cha... | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Globally, only about a third of all deaths are registered with age, sex, and cause [<xref rid="pmed-0030268-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>]. The vast majority of these are in developed countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, where premature mortality accounts for about 80% o... |
Aberrant Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis of <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> Glycoproteins on Host Lipoproteins | <sec id="st1"><title>Background</title><p>Bilharzia is one of the major parasitic infections affecting the public health and socioeconomic circumstances in (sub) tropical areas. Its causative agents are schistosomes. Since these worms remain in their host for decades, they have developed mechanisms to evade or resist t... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sprong</surname><given-names>Hein</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Suchanek</surname><given-names>Monika</given-names></name><xref ref-type... | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a chronic disease caused by parasitic <italic>Schistosoma</italic> flatworm species [<xref rid="pmed-0030253-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>] that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. The schistosome is a prime example of ... |
IL-32: An Emerging Player in the Immune Response Network against Tuberculosis? | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kundu</surname><given-names>Manikuntala</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Basu</surname><given-names>Joyoti</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib> | PLoS Medicine | <p>Interleukin-32 (IL-32), which was previously called natural killer cell transcript 4, has recently been recognized as a proinflammatory cytokine (see Glossary) [<xref rid="pmed-0030274-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>]. The main sources of IL-32 are natural killer cells, T cells, epithelial cells, and blood monocytes.... |
Inflammatory Manifestations of Experimental Lymphatic Insufficiency | <sec id="st1"><title>Background</title><p>Sustained lymph stagnation engenders a pathological response that is complex and not well characterized. Tissue inflammation in lymphedema may reflect either an active or passive consequence of impaired immune traffic.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Methods and Findings</title><... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tabibiazar</surname><given-names>Raymond</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cheung</surname><given-names>Lauren</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</... | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Acquired lymphedema is a common, important, and often devastating consequence of successful surgical and adjuvant therapy of breast cancer and other malignancies [
<xref rid="pmed-0030254-b001" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>,
<xref rid="pmed-0030254-b002" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>]. ... |
Evaluating Health Research Capacity Building: An Evidence-Based Tool | Could not extract abstract | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bates</surname><given-names>Imelda</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Akoto</surname><given-names>Alex Yaw Osei</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><s... | PLoS Medicine | <p>An increasingly important goal of governments and external agencies in developing countries is the need for “capacity building” in health research. Although a poorly defined and understood concept, capacity building would essentially enable de novo health research programmes to be facilitated and exi... |
“Key to the Future”: British American Tobacco and Cigarette Smuggling in China | <sec id="st1"><title>Background</title><p>Cigarette smuggling is a major public health issue, stimulating increased tobacco consumption and undermining tobacco control measures. China is the ultimate prize among tobacco's emerging markets, and is also believed to have the world's largest cigarette smuggling problem. Pr... | <contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Kelley</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Collin</surname><given-names>Jeff</given-names></name><xref ... | PLoS Medicine | <sec id="s1"><title>Introduction</title><p>Cigarette smuggling has emerged as a critical public health issue. As well as being the source of huge losses in government revenues, smuggling makes cigarettes more affordable, thus stimulating consumption and undermining control measures, most notably among youth and low-inc... |
Free radical theory of autoimmunity | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Despite great advances in clinical oncology, the molecular mechanisms underlying the failure of chemotherapeutic intervention in treating lymphoproliferative and related disorders are not well understood.</p></sec><sec><title>Hypothesis</title><p>A hypothetical scheme to explain the dam... | <contrib id="A1" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kannan</surname><given-names>Subburaj</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>skannan22@hotmail.com</email></contrib> | Theoretical Biology & Medical Modelling | <sec><title>Background: review of the literature</title><sec><title>Multi-drug resistance: <italic>a multi-step process</italic></title><p>After exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs, lymphoid cells develop along two distinct pathways. First, a cell population susceptible to the drugs dies by apoptosis or necrosis, depend... |
Identification of novel functional sequence variants in the gene for peptidase inhibitor 3 | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Peptidase inhibitor 3 (PI3) inhibits neutrophil elastase and proteinase-3, and has a potential role in skin and lung diseases as well as in cancer. Genome-wide expression profiling of chorioamniotic membranes revealed decreased expression of PI3 in women with preterm premature rupture o... | <contrib id="A1" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chowdhury</surname><given-names>Mahboob A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>mchowdh@med.wayne.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kuivaniemi</surname><given-names>Helena</given-names></name><xref ... | BMC Medical Genetics | <sec><title>Background</title><p>PI3 [Gene ID: 5266] is a member of the 'trappin' gene family [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>]. The trappin gene family members are defined by an amino-terminal transglutaminase substrate domain consisting of hexapeptide repeats with the consensus sequence of GQDPVK and a carbox... |
Do distribution volumes and clearances relate to tissue volumes and blood flows? A computer simulation | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Kinetics of inhaled agents are often described by physiological models. However, many pharmacokinetic concepts, such as context-sensitive half-times, have been developed for drugs described by classical compartmental models. We derived classical compartmental models that describe the co... | <contrib id="A1" equal-contrib="yes" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hendrickx</surname><given-names>Jan FA</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>jcnwahendrickx@yahoo.com</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" equal-contrib="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lemmens</sur... | BMC Anesthesiology | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Like intravenous anesthetics, inhaled anesthetic agents can and are being safely administered without the knowledge of any pharmacokinetic model. In addition, the MAC and MAC awake concept link the end-expired concentrations (F<sub>A</sub>) with the clinically two most relevant endpoint... |
Heterogeneous dermatitis complaints after change in drinking water treatment: a case report | <sec><title>Background</title><p>The disinfectant monochloramine minimizes the formation of potentially hazardous and regulated byproducts, and many drinking water utilities are shifting to its use.</p></sec><sec><title>Case presentation</title><p>After a drinking water utility serving 2.4 million people switched to mo... | <contrib id="A1" equal-contrib="yes" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Weintraub</surname><given-names>June M</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>june.weintraub@sfdph.org</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" equal-contrib="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Berger</surn... | Environmental Health | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Disinfection of public water supplies protects public health by inactivating microbial pathogens. Byproducts of disinfection with chlorine have been associated with bladder and rectal cancers and to adverse reproductive outcomes [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="b... |
Shoulder muscle EMG activity during push up variations on and off a Swiss ball | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Surface instability is a common addition to traditional rehabilitation and strength exercises with the aim of increasing muscle activity, increasing exercise difficulty and improving joint proprioception. The aim of the current study was to determine if performing upper body closed kine... | <contrib id="A1" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lehman</surname><given-names>Gregory J</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>glehman@cmcc.ca</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>MacMillan</surname><given-names>Brandon</given-names></name><... | Dynamic Medicine | <sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Exercise balls, wobble boards and other labile surfaces commonly replace stable surfaces during the performance of resistance training exercises for both injury management and performance improvement. A common assumption is that an unstable surface places an increased demand on the ne... |
Assessing effects of a media campaign on HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention in Nigeria: results from the VISION Project | <sec><title>Background</title><p>In response to the growing HIV epidemic in Nigeria, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) initiated the VISION Project, which aimed to increase use of family planning, child survival, and HIV/AIDS services. The VISION Project used a mass-media campaign that focused on re... | <contrib id="A1" corresp="yes" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Keating</surname><given-names>Joseph</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref><email>jkeating@tulane.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="A2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Meekers</surname><given-names>Dominique</given-names></name... | BMC Public Health | <sec><title>Background</title><p>Like many African countries, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a serious concern in Nigeria. By the turn of the century it was estimated that the HIV prevalence in Nigeria had exceeded 5%, which corresponds with approximately four million infe... |