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Gone are the days when iPods were strictly limited to playing music. Since iTunes launched iTunes U in 2007, iTunes and iPods have become powerful tools for community college students, teachers, and lifelong learners of all ages. Students can select from a wide variety of video and audio lectures to download and then play these lectures on their computers, iPods, or other mp3 players.
Best of all, all iTunes U content is available to the public free of charge. You may not have realized it, but your iPod can become a learning resource that will improve your grades
at community college!
ITunes U, which Apple
describes as “possibly the world’s greatest collection of free educational media,” is a section of the iTunes store in which research universities, four-year colleges, and community colleges can post audio and video files. Apple’s website lists the current number of audio and video educational files at over 200,000, and the number continues to grow as more and more colleges begin podcasting their most popular courses.
iTunes U and Community Colleges
Community colleges are rapidly joining the ranks of iTunes U participating institutions – and with good reason. Community college students often work in addition to going to school, and the ability to make learning more mobile
is often highly coveted. A recent article in Community College Week
noted that although it is unlikely that a community college will have the funds to give every student an iPod as Duke University did in Fall 2004, some community colleges have begun stocking iPods in their libraries so that students can borrow them.
How Your iPod Can Make You Smarter
If your community college is one of the many institutions participating in iTunes U, you may be able to download audio or video versions of lectures you’ve attended so that you can review material at your own pace. You may even decide to preview lectures from courses for which you are considering registering. However, even if your community college is not yet a part of iTunes U, you can still use the power of iTunes and your iPod to supplement and enhance your educational experience.
Use Your Preferred Learning Style
Many students find that they learn better when they can see or hear information, rather than when they read it in a book. For such audio or visual learners, listening to or watching a lecture on iTunes U can be a valuable way to supplement the knowledge you gain from reading your course textbooks.
Gain a World-Class Education from the Comfort of Your Home
Some of the most prestigious universities in the world have thriving iTunes U websites. Anyone with an internet connection can download lectures and other course materials from schools such as Stanford, MIT, Yale, Duke, and Cornell. Try browsing around the iTunes U home pages for these institutions. Chances are that you’ll find a course that is related to your current studies and that can provide your education with an added boost.
Brush Up on the Basics
Many students also turn to iTunes U to find lectures on topics or skills in which they feel they need a refresher course. Pennsylvania’s Harrisburg Area Community College
, for example, offers a series of videos on grammatical issues, such as using commas appropriately and understanding the difference between commonly confused words. Students can pick and choose among these videos to target the areas of their writing that they want to improve.
Learn a Second Language
instructors often tell their students that the best way to learn a foreign language is to try to gain as much exposure to the language as possible. Search the iTunes podcast directory for free podcasts in the language you are learning. Many of these podcasts are only 10 or 15 minutes in length, and you can easily enhance your language learning during your morning commute.
Listen to Audiobooks
If there is a classic work of fiction that you’ve always meant to read, you may be able to find a free audio version of the text that you can download to your iPod and listen to at your convenience. LibriVox
is one of several websites that offers free audio versions of books that are in the public domain. Downloading one of these books to your iPod or other mp3 player can be a great way to broaden your literary horizons.
Stay Informed About Current Events
While you’re exploring iTunes and the many ways that it can help you achieve your academic and personal learning goals, make sure to check out the number of free, high-quality podcasts available through the iTunes store. The New York Times
, for example, offers a number of regularly updated podcasts
on current events, world news, book reviews, and the business world, among other topics.
There has never been a better time to be a student. No matter your educational background or life circumstances, if you have a computer with Internet access, you can gain access to a wealth of educational resources that will enhance your learning, boost your grades, and enrich your life.
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(NaturalNews) A paper published in the scientific journal PLOS One on October 17, 2007 titled, 'A Televised, Web-Based Randomised Trial of an Herbal Remedy (Valerian)for Insomnia', documents test results of valerian (valeriana officinalis). Valerian, a common herb, has been used to treat insomnia and has been suggested as useful in treating anxiety and depression as well. The trial was a joint collaboration between the Norwegian Center for Health Services and the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. The internet was the medium used to conduct the clinical trial.
The working definition of insomnia included difficulty falling asleep as well as remaining asleep. It included indication of daytime impairment as a result of difficulty with sleep. Many prior studies have shown that up to one third of a given population experiences difficulties with sleep and 9 to 21 per cent experience serious daytime impairment. Insomnia is associated with psychiatric problems but physical medical problems can be a cause as well.
Many who suffer from insomnia resort to herbal medications, and valerian has been used by many in Norway and other countries where it is generally available without a prescription. The Valerian is grown in North America, Asia and Europe. It is frequently combined with other herbal remedies when sold to consumers. It is a very commonly used herb.
The study, which took place in Norway, concluded that valerian was unlikely to reduce the time it takes to fall asleep but that it may have a small impact on the quality of sleep. Valerian is unlikely to ameliorate insomnia
in all but a small percentage of people. Testing indicated that valerian was generally safe but, at best, affords modest benefits to those suffering from insomnia.
The American Academy of Family Physicians, in providing information about valerian
, notes that in a prior study, involving 128 volunteers, the effects of valerian were evaluated with respect to sleep latency, sleep quality, sleepiness on awakening, night awakenings, and dream recall. Statistically significant improvement was observed for sleep
latency and sleep quality but not for the other parameters.
The National Institutes of Health, a U.S. government agency, cautions that some people should not take valerian. They include women who are pregnant or nursing and who take valerian without medical advice. There is insufficient data on risk to fetuses, infants and children younger than three years of age. Also cautioned are those, whose use of valerian, could have cumulative sedative effects when taken with alcohol or sedative drugs like barbiturates and benzodiazepines.
About the author
Paul is a science freelance writer.
Have comments on this article? Post them here:
people have commented on this article.
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Dark green leaves variegated with a network of striking white lines form a rosette up to three feet across; blue flowers. Young leaves make excellent greens; the roots are a vegetable similar to salsify. Self-sows. Research shows this seems to have potential for helping regenerate liver tissue.
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Science and pseudoscience in medicine
Today I was reading one of my favourite blogs, Science Based Medicine. A new post on there titled Stop Making Sense touched on just how much work goes into discovering new facts and theories in science, and how modern medicine has failed at allowing unscientific principles to spread while other scientific fields seem to dismiss them quite easily.
I came up for a few reasons this might be, based on what I have begun to learn of medicine and what effect I have seen alternative medicine have on those around me.
1. Most areas of science do not have a noticeable direct effect on your daily life and well being. Yes our understanding of things like electricity, chemistry and genetics have done amazing things to improve our quality of life, but few things so directly affects a person as a medical diagnosis that can drastically change that quality of life. A person confronted with that situation is going to do all they can to try and overcome or prevent illness, which leads to a personal vested interest in this particular field of science. It only makes sense that there is going to be more public interest in cancer than astronomy.
2. Everyone cares about health care, and everyone has a story or theory about what works to be healthy. This leads to millions of products, techniques or systems available for someone to try, and for science to systematically debunk each and every one of them would be a waste of resources on an epic scale! Of course every separate product or system has anecdotes or ‘science’ explaining why theirs is better than the others and will truly work. What really works… doing research and using critical thinking!
3. Money. Since there are millions of people disillusioned with science based medicine and how it works, there is an incredible money making opportunity there. Whether or not people actually believe what they are selling works, or are complete snake oil salesman, the money to be made by exploiting peoples misunderstanding or desperation for a treatment is huge!
4. Belief. Once you have tried one of these alternative therapies, and if you have had positive results, you are likely to believe it was the therapy. You are not as likely to admit it may have been the Placebo effect, having some relaxing time during the therapy or just having a practitioner give you a calming but ineffective treatment. If you are expecting a positive result you are more likely to get one, and once you believe in it and have resources and time invested in it, you are not as likely to be open to criticism as to what it actually is.
5. Distrust of science. People are more likely to trust those they know, a friend or someone you can actually meet. A scientist working in a lab developing a drug is about as far from personable as you can get! Whereas the energy healer or homeopath you can meet can engender much more trust. As well, the medical system is flawed. Of course it is, it is a human made and run system, but it is what we have. Science is still and will always be the best method for understanding the world around us and how it works.
Those are my ideas on why alternative medicine is so popular, I know there are plenty more out there, hopefully to be explored at a later time!
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As noted earlier in the week, the open-source AMD Radeon "R600g" driver that supports 3D acceleration on Radeon HD 2000 series graphics cards through the latest Radeon HD 6000 and Fusion graphics processors, is becoming quite fit. The driver is nearing a point of stability, is mature enough for most desktop users, and it is beginning to receive some performance optimizations and other improvements. Thanks to this recent work, plus the ongoing development of the Linux 3.0 kernel, here is a fresh set of AMD Gallium3D Linux driver benchmarks.
This article provides results for an AMD Radeon HD 4870 (RV770) graphics card using the stock Catalyst 11.4 driver on Ubuntu 11.04, the stock Ubuntu 11.04 open-source driver with Mesa 7.10.2 and Linux 2.6.38 kernel, and then using the very latest driver stack as of 10 June 2011. This very latest driver stack includes the Linux 3.0-rc2+ kernel, Mesa 7.11-devel (ECA3E91), xf86-video-ati 6.14.99, and the latest libdrm. These three configurations were all tested with their stock settings.
As we have not tested the non-default Radeon code-paths in a while, we also ran this latest driver stack (Linux 3.0 + Mesa 7.11-devel) when disabling Swapbufferswait and enabling color-tiling for this RV770 graphics processor. These two options are designed to deliver the best performance for the hardware on the open-source Radeon Linux driver. See these original benchmarks from January.
The Radeon HD 4870 graphics card was running on an AMD Opteron 2384 setup with a Tyan S2927 motherboard, 4GB of system memory, and 64GB OCZ Agility EX solid-state drive. Ubuntu 11.04 (x86_64) was the base operating system with the Unity desktop, X.Org Server 1.10.1, GCC 4.5.2, and an EXT4 file-system.
Benchmarking was done using the Phoronix Test Suite and several of the popular OpenGL tests that are capable of running on Mesa / Gallium3D.
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Energy Union is proud to announce a new collaboration: The RES Compass project. It is funded by the European Commission (Intelligent Energy Europe program) and aims to increase the number of qualified people available to meet the emerging demand for renewable energy professional in order to help ensure the success of renewable energy across Europe.
According to a recent study “Re-thinking 2050” by Energy Union partners EREC a lot of new jobs would be possible if the pathway of the study is followed: “The renewable energy sector will employ a total of more than 2.7 million people in 2020 and about 4.4 million in 2030 in the EU alone. This constitutes an average annual increase of gross employment of 36% and 30% respectively compared to 2009. By 2050, employment in the renewable energy sector is expected to exceed the mark of six million, bringing 6.1 million people into work .”
By the end of 2009, the renewable energy industry employed over 550,000 people in the European Union.
RES Compass' main tool is a multi-language website that offers guidance to pupils and students who may be interested in a career in the Renewable Energy Sector. The site allows the use of a decision tool (the compass) to help direct students. Furthermore the site has over 40 job profiles related to specific careers in the renewable energy sector and also includes a searchable database of over 700 vocational and higher education courses related to Renewable Energy across Europe.
Energy Union will feature RES Compass Information at all future Energy Union Tour Stops.
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As travelers ourselves, we know that traveling responsibly is important, and we work hard to give back to the places and people that have inspired our company from the very start. Their success is our success. This philosophy is built into our everyday operating standards, built into our partnerships and follows us in our independent sustainable projects. This means that each component of your trip has been researched and chosen to support our commitment to giving back and providing you with a great adventure.
There are different ways to travel responsibly. Some choose to participate directly by volunteering your time. This is why we carefully created community service project trips in the highlands of Ecuador and Peru. In some places, it is money that is needed for conservation and travelers choose direct donations. This is the case in the Galapagos Islands where Adventure Life and our travelers have together donated tens of thousands of dollars over the years to help with everything from beach cleanups to policing against shark fining.
As a company, we also dedicate money to supporting local grass-roots projects - small, independent programs without a voice or a source of funding outside their often rural locals. Over the years, we've provided ongoing support of a woman's shelter in Cusco, rebuilt irrigation for a village we've longed worked in, and stocked science labs, bought eye glasses, and a dozen other little projects. These things aren't about saving the world, but they are about giving back to the people and places that play host to us and our travelers.
One of our longest running partnerships is with Rainforest Alliance. Here we work together to provide our local partners the tools and training they need to become more environmentally and socially sound. This commitment to empowering locals has been with us since our very beginning as a company. By traveling with Adventure Life, you partner with Rainforest Alliance and ourselves to promote conservation of the precious environments and the rich cultures around the world that make travel so special. Responsible travel takes many forms, and as travelers, Adventure Life is committed to traveling well. We invite you to explore your world with vigor and compassion, respect and wonder, and to fully understand how good it feels to be responsible in your travels and adventures.
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The participation of civil society representatives at the World Bank and IMF’s Annual Meetings, which brings together the world’s finance ministers to discuss international development policy, has grown steadily over the past six years. The most recent Annual Meeting, held in October 2011, saw the largest CSO participation to date, with a total of 600 CSO representatives from 85 countries in attendance. They represented a variety of civil society constituencies: non-governmental organizations, youth groups, foundations, faith-based groups, and trade unions. They came to discuss a broad range of issues ranging from financial transactions tax and aid effectiveness, to energy policy. In order to ensure that Southern CSO voices are also heard, the Bank and Fund sponsored 60 CSO and Youth Leaders from developing countries to participate in the Meetings.
The recent democratic uprisings in the Middle East served as the backdrop for a major speech given by Bank President Robert Zoellick on the emerging role of civil society. The speech, The Middle East and North Africa: A New Social Contract for Development given at Washington’s Peterson Institute on April 6, may well mark a watershed in Bank – civil society relations. He stated that “now it may be time to invest in the private, not-for-profit sector – civil society -- to help strengthen the capacity of organizations working on transparency, accountability, and service delivery.” Mr. Zoellick further said that “in one way or the other, a modernized multilateralism needs to recognize that investments in civil society and social accountability will be as important to development in the Middle East and beyond as investments in infrastructure, firms, factories, or farms.”
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A history and statistical summary of dairying, 1860-1931.
By the early twentieth century, dairy farming had become the principle agricultural industry in Wisconsin. Over half of the state's farm income came from the sale of milk alone, in addition to the money derived from cattle and dairy by-products. This excerpt, from a bulletin prepared by the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture and Markets at the start of the Depression, provides a statistical summary of Wisconsin's dairying industry, 1860-1930. Nearly every page includes a map, chart or statistical table. Produced in 1931, the bulletin also discusses the decrease in prices and farm wages that plagued Wisconsin farmers during the depression. Its type font is often quite small; zoom in on any paragraph or chart by double-clicking on the area you want to enlarge. Move the cursor and click again to see other parts of the same page.
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President Obama is calling for a new tax break for businesses that he says will help boost the economy.
Speaking near Cleveland on Wednesday, Obama said all U.S. companies should be allowed to write off all of the investments they make through 2011.
"This will help small businesses upgrade their plants and equipment, and will encourage large corporations to get off the sidelines and start putting their profits to work in places like Cleveland and Toledo and Dayton," he said.
But some economists and business owners are skeptical. Some think the proposal will be another Cash-for-Clunkers-style tax break that probably won't have much of a long-term impact.
On the factory floor at Metal Works in Londonderry, N.H., you can hear the economy trying to chug along. Machines are stamping out metal parts for everything from solar panels to military computers to medical devices.
As the economy went into recession, Fred Pierce, the owner and CEO, had to lay off about 100 employees — more than half of his workforce. But he has started to hire people back over the past year. He definitely does not have a problem with this latest tax-cut proposal from the Obama administration.
"We're always in favor of tax proposals that will help small businesses," he says. "So it's a good thing."
But even with business doing better this month, Pierce says the workload has been erratic. It's hard to have enough confidence to invest a lot of money right now or hire back more people even if that new tax break goes through.
"At the end of the day, we don't need more equipment right now — we need more customers," Pierce says.
Still, some businesses probably would buy some more equipment. When the government throws free money at people through a tax break, it can definitely work.
Last year, the Obama administration's Cash for Clunkers program to stimulate the auto industry enticed many people to buy cars; same thing with the first-time homebuyer tax credit — people bought more houses. But in both cases, sales fell sharply after the tax break expired.
So that raises the question: Even if this tax credit did get some businesses to buy more equipment, would that really help the economy in the long run?
"There is a risk, as there was with Cash for Clunkers, that they'll spend now but won't spend later," says Nariman Behravesh, chief economist with the forecasting firm IHS Global Insight. "You're pulling spending forward, and then there's always the payback later on, as we're seeing now in housing, which did well for a while and then it dropped."
Behravesh is underwhelmed by the latest tax-cut proposal.
"We're very, very skeptical that this will have much effect on the economy or in terms of job creation," he says.
Other economists, though, say the temporary stimulus did make a difference in the case of housing. They say it interrupted the free-fall in the market, and things would have been much worse without it. Some are more enthusiastic about this latest business tax-break proposal.
"I think it could provide some real stimulus," says Glen Hubbard, an economist at Columbia University who previously served as the top economic adviser to President George W. Bush.
Hubbard says tax incentives like this one can help get more business moving.
"You're using it to jump-start the economy," he says. "If the president wants to go this route, he has done the nation a favor by pivoting the discussion toward business investment and away from consumption."
Still, there's another big tax issue facing businesses: those so-called Bush tax cuts that are due to expire at the end of the year.
Back at his factory, Pierce says if they do expire, that would raise taxes for many small businesses like his.
"It basically is going to raise our tax rate by 13 percent — so in a worldwide economy where we're competing with China and Mexico, we're going to be less competitive next year than we were this year.
"Our gross profit is going to decline by 13 percent — that's a much bigger deal."
So Pierce says it feels like the government is offering him a tax break with one hand but is about to raise his taxes sharply with the other.
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Drinking enough water to maintain your normal level of hydration is difficult on the playa. Remember when you were a child, playing with a hose in the heat of summer and the water disappeared really fast off the pavement after you sprayed it? Maybe you made sun-dried tomatoes with your mom or saw what happened to your garden if you went away for 4th of July weekend and no one watered it. On the playa, that’s you, you’re the tomato, your body is being rapidly depleted of water and if you don’t replenish it, you won’t have enough moisture in you to cry about how awful you feel.The effect of the Black Rock Desert environment on your body is like you’ve sprung a billion leaks from every sweat gland, eyeball and lubricated orifice and you’re steadily being turned into a piece of human jerky. Sound’s pleasant, doesn’t it? The truth is your body will get stripped of moisture almost as fast as you can absorb it. Even veteran burners can get heat stroke or severe dehydration. In fact, people who have been to the Burn several times are even more susceptible to dehydration because they have a false sense of security. They forget that the beer their drinking is teaming up with the heat, sun and dust to completely drain the water from their bodies. Dehydration cases made up 6.1% of 5,748 total patients receiving medical care at Burning Man last year. Many cases of dehydration go undocumented but leave suffers pretty miserable: lethargic, rapid breathing & heart rate, low blood pressure and confusion.
The preparation survival guide encourages over-hydrating before the Burn so that you get used to drinking that much water, but for some burners this proves to be a problem:
Over-hydrating trains your body to be water inefficient.
The body needs to maintain certain “balances” to function optimally. A human body needs to have a specific level of water and electrolytes to maintain normal optimal function…or homeostasis (this varies by individual). When a body starts consuming more water than normal, the body gets used to having a greater amount of water flushing through the system. To maintain homeostasis however, the body needs to dump the excess water through sweat and urine, and replace the electrolytes it looses along with it.
What this means for you: If your body is used to flushing all that extra water through its system, it becomes inefficient with water and natural water-conservation mechanisms within the body switch off. In the default world setting it isn’t that noticeable, but you want your body to be efficient with water on the playa. If you’re body gets used to higher water consumption in your natural environment (say a coastal city like San Francisco, Portland or Seattle) then it’s going to operate that way when you travel to the playa. You’re body isn’t going to automatically switch on its natural water conservation mechanisms. The end result is an uncomfortable acclimation process.
There’s a lot of information on hydration at BRC. If you’ve stumbled on this article because you’re doing your research, you’ve probably read other survival guides that recommend potential burners get their bodies used to drinking lots and lots of water before they go out to the playa. I’m not going to say this is wrong because you’re body DOES need lots of water in the desert, and you need to get used to drinking lots of water. The thing is, it’s a lot easier to keep the swimming pool filled if it doesn’t have any leaks. So before you go out to the playa, try a few things to make your body more water efficient:
Solution: Train your body to be more water efficient at home.
(If you’re a healthy individual, this should be no problem, but if you’re not, or are on some expensive meds, or have a pre-existing condition, consult your doctor first.)
I traveled in Egypt in 1998, it was the hottest summer for the last decade, with daily highs well over 100 degrees F in parts of the country. The most helpful advice I received in preparation for this journey was: Train your body to function affectively with less water before you get there. Sound counter intuitive?–Here’s how it works. I started back home by drinking LESS, not MORE, water about 8 weeks before we left. The idea is to acclimate yourself in your home environment to drinking less water by gradually decreasing your water consumption up to 1/3, but not to the point where you’re unhealthily dehydrated (i.e. if you’re normally drinking 8 glasses of water a day, gradually cut down to 5 glasses of water a day). Do this for at least a month before you go to Burning Man. The goal is to have your body be more efficient with the water you put into it while you’re on the playa by teaching it to be efficient at home.
Then the week before you go to BRC, start drinking more water, not gallons more, but enough so that your urine is clear. Once out on the playa, start drinking about double what you were at home during water training. The increased water consumption, plus your newly trained water-efficient body, should better prepare you for the high-altitude-arid environment by encouraging your body’s own natural water conservation mechanisms. The key thing to remember is do things gradually. Your body’s going to get a big shock going from whatever comfortable zipcode it calls default home to the playa which is one of the most inhospitable environments in North America. While you’re busy packing your bags with the most wonderful sparkly rainbow fur coat anyone has ever seen make sure to also drink some extra liters!
Love and Dust,
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[alsa-devel] Question about dmix?
fykcee1 at gmail.com
Sun Mar 21 02:58:12 CET 2010
2010/3/20 Colin Guthrie <gmane at colin.guthr.ie>:
> 'Twas brillig, and cee1 at 20/03/10 14:05 did gyre and gimble:
>> Hi all,
>> I know alsa support userspace software multi-playback by dmix plugin.
>> How does it realize? I expected a daemon accepting multi-streams which
>> then mixes these streams to a single one -- it seems not the case.
> I believe an older version of dmix used to act like a daemon, but the
> current version no longer does this and instead uses some magic spells
> that I don't even being to know about.
My soundcard is driven by an experimental alsa driver, it seems always
underrun the buffer and causes bad quality in playback. Disable dmix
will improve playback quality a little. I'm curious about what does
dmix do internally.
More information about the Alsa-devel
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Note: This message is displayed if (1) your browser is not standards-compliant or (2) you have you disabled CSS. Read our Policies for more information.
Procedures for Obtaining Code Books
The Fire Prevention and Building Safety Commission creates Indiana codes by adopting model codes and amending them to apply in Indiana. These model codes are copyrighted documents so they cannot be placed on our website. However, there are two primary sources from which these model codes may be purchased.
The Indiana amendments to all codes are available on-line at http://www.state.in.us/legislative/iac/title675.html. Title 675 contains the amendments for each of the model codes adopted by the Commission. A listing of all of the current codes is at thethis link.
Some libraries have code books among their reference materials. Please contact your local library for research on code. Code Services will continue to answer only those questions about interpretation of the codes.
Also, some libraries have code books among their reference materials. Please contact your local library for research on code.
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What is human security but the totality of all conditions that make a human being feel secure. Philosophers have debated this concept yet the sensible conclusion to be reached is that human security should be about empowering people to realise their full potential.
The concept of human security was first developed by the UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) in its 1994 Human Development Report (HDR) encompassing all the elements that constitute freedom from want and freedom from fear.
What a wonderful world it would be, yes that world that we all aspire to have but which actively remains a figment of our own imaginations. A world in which each individual experiences a totality in security.
A world in which every individual would be free from fear; fear of death, of terror, of hate and hate speech, of violence and all other threats to the physical and mental well being of the individual.
A world where the individual is free of want. Want of employment, of food, shelter, clean water, jobs and all other factors that make human lives more comfortable and enjoyable.
A world where the individual is free from poverty, disasters, injury and disease, pollution, climate change, environmental degradation, natural and man made hazards, famine, food shortages, terrorism, political repression, torture, conflict and warfare and such other vulnerabilities.
Is human security attainable?
Human security is a wonderful aspiration whose main objective is to protect people. It can not be understated however that it is certainly difficult to achieve in its entirety. But the truth is that world does not exist where there is no will for it to exist. It probably never will exist without real commitment for it to exist. We will continue to live in a world of deep insecurity. Hence the subject of human security finds its relevance as we seek to understand the challenges and conceive solutions to these challenges.
One striking note on the concept of human security came with the address by one speaker who, speaking to the concept of human security from a gendered perspective, said that women’s involvement in all discussions on human security is imperative.
As she aptly stated, how more so important could it be in discussions on human security than to involve the very individuals who worry about what their families shall eat, where they shall sleep, where they shall get water to drink, and the same people who care for the sick and the elderly.
Here is what happens when the world ignores women’s voices…
“She saw it when her husband started keeping a machete under the bed. She knew it when he started attending late night meetings on whose agenda, not a word was uttered in their home. She also knew when the machete under the bed became 20, then 30 and then heaps and heaps of them occupied their home. She later understood it all when hundreds of thousands of Tutsis had died in barely a 100 days.”
Above is an account of a Hutu woman who knew in advance the preparations that were being made by her husband and his colleagues to launch the genocide in Rwanda. However, her knowledge failed to save lives because her voice was never given a space in the whole discourse on peace and security in Rwanda. Had she spoken out, maybe some deaths could have been averted. Hence no talk of human security should ignore women, especially women at household level whose everyday experiences are the best informants of sustainable and desirable security strategies.
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What are Unmounted Stamps?:
Unmounted Stamps are the die part of the stamp. These then require mounting before use, however this is not a difficult task and there are many different techniques for doing this ranging from quick temporary fixes through to permanently mounting a stamp. Modern clear stamps are extremely simple to use as these self clinging stamps adhere without the need of adhesive to acrylic blocks.
Unmounted stamps are available in both traditional rubber and in clear polymer.
Features of Unmounted Stamps:
- Much cheaper to buy.
- Lighter and less bulky to post than traditional mounted stamps resulting in a saving in delivery rates (many unmounted stamps can be posted using US standard envelope rates).
- Stamp sheets are readily available where a number of related stamps are available on a single sheet. These represent excellent value for money, although stamps on sheets do require cutting into shape prior to use.
Some unmounted stamps come complete with a foam cushion which saves having to buy, cut and mount foam.
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As this may be new for some of you, let’s start with some definitions.
1. a traveling amusement show, having sideshows, rides, etc.
2. any merrymaking, revelry, or festival, as a program of sports or entertainment: a winter carnival.
1. a web site containing the writer’s or group of writers’ own experiences, observations, opinions, etc., and often having images and links to other Web sites.
1. a collection of various online journal postings on a specific topic
But definitions can only take you so far; to get further, you need…blogs. Here’s what the If:Book blog has to say about Blog Carnivals:
A blog carnival is like a roving journal, a rotating showcase of interesting writing from around the blogosphere within a particular discipline. Individual bloggers volunteer to host a carnival on their personal blog, acting as chief editor for that edition. It falls to them to collect noteworthy items, and to sort through suggestions from the community, many of which are direct submissions from authors. On the appointed date (carnivals generally keep to a regular schedule) the carnival gets published and the community is treated to a richly annotated feast of new writing in the field.
A richly annotated feast of new writing on the field. To see what this means, have a look at previous editions of the > Language > Place blog carnival, a traveling show – started by Dorothee Lang – that brings together “international perspectives on language and place”:
#1. Dorothee Lang at Virtual Notes
#2. Nicolette Wong at Meditations in an Emergency
#3. Michael J. Solender at Not From Here, Are You
#4. Jean Morris at Tasting Rhubarb
It’s a deceptively simple list, a collection of links. Behind it lies a rich compilation of stories and images, a box of assorted chocolates filled with nuggets of various colours, flavours, shapes and wrappings.
The next edition of this carnival will be hosted here, in these pages. Submissions are open until March 20th, and the edition will go online beginning of April. Do send your contribution, your little nugget, to me at langplace AT gmail DOT com. More details about the submission can be found here.
I’ll leave the last word to the author of the If:Book blog:
If blogs in cyberspace are like the single-cell organism in the primordial porridge, might the carnival be a form of multi-cell life?
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Health Care Concerns Loom over Micro-Businesses
Improving the performance of America's health care system is one the nation's most important challenges, the chairman of the Federal Reserve said today, shortly before a micro-business advocacy group released data showing that health care's high cost continues to be a significant barrier to growth.
Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke said challenges fall into three main areas: improving access to health care for the 47 million uninsured Americans -- which comprise about 16 percent of the population -- bolstering the quality of care and controlling costs. He spoke on Capitol Hill during a summit on health care reform.
The National Association for the Self-Employed released in a report today that the number of micro-businesses(pdf) that offered health plans to full-time employees dropped significantly from 46.2 percent in 2005 to 18.6 percent today. Meanwhile, more than 65 percent of the survey takers said cost was the most significant barrier to whether they offered health insurance to employees.
Additionally, companies with gross sales under $50,000 saw the greatest increase in access to health care coverage, with 40 percent currently offering insurance compared to only 13.8 percent in 2005. One in 10 of the 2008 respondents spent at least 25 percent of their gross revenue on health insurance, compared to 10.1 percent in 2005.
Kristie Darien, the association's executive director, noted that there were some bright spots in the new data.
Cost of health insurance increased an average of 14.7 percent this year, which is less than the 20.7 percent increase in 2005.
"The baker, the house painter and the 20 million other micro-businesses in the United States already are struggling to survive in this economy, could be further threatened if we cannot find a way to make insurance more affordable," Darien said.
More data from NASE's study will be available Tuesday.
By Sharon McLoone |
June 16, 2008; 4:41 PM ET
Previous: Small Business Owner Puts Technology in the Driver's Seat | Next: Entrepreneur Creates Workplace for the Disabled
Please email us to report offensive comments.
Posted by: Healthcare - a Luxury? | June 17, 2008 12:22 PM
Posted by: BlueCrossed | June 26, 2008 9:43 AM
The comments to this entry are closed.
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Blaeu Atlas of Scotland, 1654
|Name:||Blaeu, Joan, 1596-1673|
|Title:||Vera Sovtherlandiae Chorographica Descriptio ... Nova Sovtherlandiae Descriptio|
|Zoom Into Map:||Click on the image to view in greater detail|
Scroll through pages:
Translation of text:
for human use. Half of the wood of Dirimoir, which faces the north, today belongs to Donald Mackay lord of Reay. In the same wood there is a mountain, in the vernacular Arkle, where all the stags which are nourished here have forked tails, conspicuous with a length of three thumbs or inches, by which they are easily distinguished from the other stags of this region. In Durness where it faces west from Dirimoir, there is a place famous for hunting, in the vernacular the Parbh; and there is in Sletdale in the parish of Loth a great amount of wildlife: these two places are very famous through the whole kingdom for their pleasant hunting.
The principal rivers are Uries or Fleet, Evelix, Brora, Loth, Helmsdale or Ullie, Shin and Cassley. There are two also on the edges, Portnaculter and Oykel, which separate Ross and Sutherland: and all are celebrated for catches of salmon and other fish. It also has harbours most suitable for taking in ships, which carry from here to various parts of the Kingdom grain, salt, coal, salmon, beef, wool, hides, skins, butter, cheese, tallow and other merchandise. In these rivers and on the whole sea-coast there is a large supply of seals, whales, sometimes shellfish of various (2) kinds, and sea-birds. There are valleys around these rivers, which here run over a long area from sea to mountains, and where they are close to the mountains, they are called in the native tongue ‘straths’. All are cultivated and full of people. Moreover in woods and groves, grass and grain, flocks and herds, and wild animals they are not only plentiful but delightful. Strath (or valley) Ullie extends from south to north; its length is twenty miles. Strath Brora, conterminous with Dirichat, spreads eighteen miles in length. Strath Sleitt or Strath Fleet from sea to mountains has a length of fourteen miles. There are many other valleys here, such as Strath Tirry, Strath na Seilge, Strath Skinidale, Strath-telleny, Strath-dailnarme, Strath-tolly, Strath-dail-nemeyin, Strath-ne-sin-ay.
In the parish of Criech there is a plain in the vernacular Slisly-chiles, also Ferincoscery [?], spreading eighteen miles in length, and having the rivers Portnaculter (or Tain) and Oykel lying to the south; here there are mountains of marble. There is also another part of Sutherland, in the vernacular Braechat, that is summit of Cattey, or Sutherland: it is all fertile with fruits and fish, pastures and trees; it is in the parish of Lairg. The length of Braechat is twenty-two miles, and the River Shin (which flow from a loch of the same name) divides it into two parts. The western part of this plain is in the vernacular named Baronia Gruids; in it is included Dirimeanach.
On the River Shin is a huge, sheer cliff, from which water pours with great force and noise and makes a very deep pool; here there is a profitable fishery of exceptionally large salmon. This river never freezes. In Sutherland there are more or less sixty fishing lochs; the largest of them all is Loch Shin, extending fourteen miles in length. In most lochs there are islands, well suited for habitation in the summer. In Loch Shin there are some islands which are rich in animals, swans and wild geese. There is an island in Loch Brora, appropriated to the habitation of the Earls of Sutherland, and pleasant for hunting deer, of which there is a great supply here in the woods which surround the loch on both sides. This island is three miles distant from the small town of Brora. In the lochs and rivers already mentioned pearls of great value are sometimes found in shells. In Sutherland there are some silver-mines and other underground riches, which still, because of the lack of interest, or rather of skill, of the inhabitants, have not yet been dug from the bowels of the earth.
The principal town of this province is Dornoch, notable for the castle of the Earls of Sutherland and the Cathedral church dedicated to the Holy Virgin. The founder of this church was Gilbert Bishop of Caithness, and for that reason it is designated by his name. On the right or south part of this church is the common tomb of the Earls of Sutherland. The parish church of this city was dedicated to St Barr. At the beginning of the Reformation it had long since been demolished. However this city is quite well known for the markets of St Barr, St Gilbert, St Bernard and St Margaret, to which each year gather a large number of men from the northern regions of Scotland; Lord Robert Gordon, Tutor of Sutherland, had the city erected into a royal and free burgh. In other towns too in this province there are frequent markets; the main one is that of St Andrew at Golspie, a town near Dornoch.
A quarry was recently discovered, from which [andulae] or layers of stone, suitable for building, are extracted. Here also plains stretch for long distances, very attractive for their flatness and closeness to the sea.
Where Dornoch faces the east, one may see a monument, in the form of a cross, in the vernacular Cras Worwair, that is, the Cross of the Thane or Earl. There is another one also not far from Embo, named Ri-Croiss, that is, Cross of the King; so called because a King or General of the Danes had been killed and buried there.
Beyond Dornoch, nine miles to the north-east, is situated Brora, at the mouth of the River Brora, for which John Earl of Sutherland, recently deceased, obtained from the King the rights and privileges of a Burgh of Barony. More or less half a mile from the mouth of this river, where it faces west, very good coal is dug, which is used in the salt-works to heat the salt; this not only supplies Sutherland and the neighbouring provinces, but also is exported to England and other regions.
Not far from the coal-works to the west is Latomia[?]; from here tufa is exported to other parts of the Kingdom. Mountains too of varied white marble are found in this province. Not far from Golspie Moir stones are found from which is made lime, for use in buildings. Here too in various places are iron-mines, where the very best iron is produced. In the whole region no dormice are to be seen; and if any happen to be conveyed here by ships, as soon as they have breathed in the air of this region, they perish. But, what is more amazing, in Caithness, conterminous with this province and not separated from it by either a river or the sea, there are infinite crowds of dormice. Sutherland is so cut into by estuaries of the Ocean and rivers, that there is in it no city, estate or farm which is not washed by sea or river water: hence it comes about that a huge supply of fish is available to the inhabitants. Creag Thoraraidh is about the highest mountain of this province, and almost impassable. It separates Sutherland from Caithness. Grain here (especially barley) is outstanding: so much so that it sells for more than the barley of Orkney, Caithness or the neighbouring regions. There are various castles here: the principal ones are Dornoch and Dunrobin, the main seat of the Earls of Sutherland; most commodious for its situation, gardens and orchards, full of varied flowers and trees, excellent saffron, a very deep fountain of sweet water, built from squared stone, and an enclosure stretching three miles in length and well stocked with rabbits.
There are also more or less twenty other castles here, for example [?] Skelbo, Skibo, Proncy, Polrossie, Invershin, Cuthill, Embo, Golspie Tower, Golspie Kirktoun, Aberscross, Ospisdale, Clyne Crakaig, Helmsdale, Torrisdale, Dun Creich, Caisteal nen Corr, Durness, Borve and Tongue; the last two are in Strathnaver. Dun Creich was built by one Paul Mactir.
The length of Sutherland, from west to east, is about fifty-five miles; and its width, twenty-two, from south to north: but if we include Strathnaver too, the width is thirty-three miles, from the sea in the south to the Northern Ocean. Assynt was once part of Sutherland, which the Lords of Kinnard owned with the barony of Skelbo.
OF SUTHERLAND (Section Note)
This province was once properly called Cattey and its inhabitants Catteigh; the name Sutherland is more recent. In antiquity however, under the name Cattey was recognised not only this province, but also the modern Caithness, Strathnaver, Eddrachillis and Assynt. The word Sutherland means southern land.
It is divided from Caithness, which is to its north and north-east, by a rough mountain called Creag Thoraraidh, which here plunges with steep edges to the sea, and in continuous ridges under various names crossing land towards the west, separates it also from Strathnaver; from Assynt three small lakes, and wilderness (3) beside them; it has Ross on the south and south-west, with that gulf which we have described thrust between; at its beginnings the River Cassley sets the boundary; above which the mountain areas which lie between the River Oykel and Loch Shin separate these provinces; the remaining parts are washed by the open Ocean.
This region rises in frequent inland mountains, which open into many valleys, fertile and suitable for pasture; from these very clear streams or rivers flow. These valleys have many attractive and commodious habitations, and also nourish innumerable kinds of all types of herds. An abundance also of game and woodland and domestic birds is present, so that where it touches the sea or the above-mentioned gulf, it is wonderfully fertile in fruits of the highest quality which ripen very quickly, and there is no scarcity of other things desired for good and sweet living. Proof of the goodness of the soil is that in the Earl’s garden at Dunrobin Castle, on the Ocean shore, saffron grows and ripens well, although that plant is late-ripening and dislikes cold soil.
There are three places in this county designated with the name of woods or forests, all in the mountain areas, apart from other groves and plantations scattered here and there. These woods are known by the names [?] Dirimore, Dirichat and Dirimeanach. In them as also in many other places there is pleasant and
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Progress Energy, a company that provides electric and gas utilities, recently received approval from the Public Service Commission to charge customers for repairs to its Crystal River nuclear power plant and the costs of a proposed nuclear power plant in Levy County.
However, because of an offset of costs due to a decline in natural gas prices, customers could see savings on their monthly bills, said Rob Sumner, spokesman for Progress Energy.
“The average customer’s bill, that’s on a 1,000 kilowatt hours per month, will go down almost $7,” he said.
In accordance with the recently approved rate settlement agreement, the charge for construction and repair of nuclear power plants will be a fixed cost of $3.43 on a regular customer bill through 2017, Sumner said.
Sumner said for the 1,000-killowatt household the bill would be $123, but due to these new changes the bill would be $116, which saves about $80 per year.
According to Bloomberg, the cost of natural gas is at a 3 percent decline.
“Because our fuel costs less now we pass that along to our customers because we don’t make any money off our fuel purchases,” Sumner said. “That’s just a complete pass through.”
The charges the Public Service Commission approved will finance the repairs and construction Progress Energy has planned in Levy County and Crystal River, he said.
Progress Energy expects to get a combined operating license for the Levy County nuclear project in 2013. Service will start on the first united in 2024 and on the second unit 18 months later.
In terms of the Crystal River nuclear project, Sumner said Progress Energy is on track to have the unit back in service in 2014.
Kelsey Meany wrote this story for online.
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Skin Growths and Pigmentation Disorders
Abnormal skin growths and abnormal pigmentation of the skin may be present at birth, or develop later in life. Although harmless in most cases, skin growth and pigmentation disorders should be monitored for any changes that may indicate a development of cancerous skin cells.
Many types of skin growths and pigmentation disorders require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some, for which we have provided a brief overview.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/skin_conditions/skin_growths_pigmentation/Pages/index.aspx
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PSA era sees improved overall survival rates in prostate cancer
Overall survival rates have improved for men with prostate cancer following the introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, particularly for African Americans, a new study indicates. However, researchers could not conclude that PSA monitoring alone is responsible for the increased survival.
The findings emerged from a comparison of overall survival in three sequential phase 3 trials of 3,096 men with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer who underwent androgen-deprivation therapy. Two of the trials took place before the introduction of PSA screening and one took place after. (The FDA approved the PSA test in 1986 for the monitoring of prostate cancer progression. In 1994, the agency granted approval for the use of the PSA test in conjunction with a digital rectal examination to test asymptomatic men for prostate cancer.)
Median overall survival was 30 months in pre-PSA-era trial #1, 33 months in pre-PSA-era trial #2, and 49 months in the post-PSA-era trial. Adjusting for risk factors, there was a 22% lower risk of death in the post-PSA trial than in pre-PSA trial #2.
“While not all of these welcome improvements can be attributed strictly to PSA testing, without a doubt it has played a role in extending many lives,” acknowledged lead investigator Ian M. Thompson, Jr., MD, in a statement issued by Elsevier Health Sciences, the publisher of The Journal of Urology, which carried Thompson's team's report. Thompson is the director of the Cancer Therapy and Research Center at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
The improvement in overall survival was greater in African American men, who had a median survival of 27 months in each of the pre-PSA trials, compared with 34 months for other men in pre-PSA trial #1 and 35 months for other men in pre-PSA trial #2. The racial differences disappeared in the post-PSA trial, with overall survival of 48 and 49 months in African Americans and non-African Americans, respectively.
With an evaluation of ZIP code summary information regarding income and education demonstrating no shift in socioeconomic status over time for African American study participants, “We hypothesize that [the improvement in overall survival] is based on greater awareness of prostate cancer and improved health-seeking behavior in African American men,” commented Thompson.
However, Thompson pointed out, African American men have a twofold to threefold greater incidence of newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer than do white men, which contributes to a similarly increased mortality rate. “A greater effort is needed to eliminate disparities in prostate cancer.”
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| 2
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Cardiac nuclear imaging measures the flow of blood in your heart at rest and then during exercise. The images are compared to determine whether there are any blockages in the arteries or if there has been a prior heart attack. It also measures how well the heart muscle squeezes and pumps. The test is also sometimes called a “perfusion scan” or a "SPECT MPI" (single photon emission computed tomography myocardia perfusion imaging). For the scan, a safe amount of radioactive matter called “tracer” is delivered into the bloodstream. A special camera then scans the tracer in the blood as it flows through the heart muscle. Areas of the heart that have good blood flow absorb the tracer. Areas that are not getting enough blood will not absorb the tracer. This can be a sign of a blocked artery or damage from a heart attack. The tracer leaves your body within hours. This test can be done in a hospital or test center.
The entire test will take a few hours. For best results, prepare for your test as directed.
When you schedule the test, be sure to tell your doctor about any medications you take. Ask if you should stop taking any of them the day of the test.
Before your test, stop smoking and avoid caffeine for as long as directed. This includes avoiding medications that have caffeine as an ingredient and all caffeine containing beverages and foods such as coffee, tea, and chocolate.
Don’t eat or drink for 4-6 hours before the test. Sips of water are okay.
On the day of the test, dress for comfort. Wear a two-piece outfit, top and bottoms. Be sure to wear walking shoes.
You may be asked to change into a hospital gown from the waist up.
You will be attached to EKG and blood pressure monitors. An IV (intravenous) line will be started in your arm.
At some point, scanning pictures will be taken while you rest. This may be done before you exercise or you may be asked to return for resting scans later that day or the next.
You will exercise on a treadmill or stationary bike for a few minutes. This increases the rate of blood flow to your heart muscle.
Speak up when you feel that you cannot exercise for even 1 more minute. At this point, the tracer is given to you through the IV.
If you cannot exercise, special medications can be used to increase heart rate.
After you have received the tracer, you will be positioned on the scanning bed.
You must lie very still for up to 30 minutes. During this time, a scanning camera will be taking pictures. The images will show where blood flows through your heart muscle.
Before going home, ask when you may eat. Also, find out when to resume taking any medications you were told to skip before the test. If you need to return for resting scans, follow any instructions. Most people can go back to their normal routine as soon as all parts of the test are finished.
What medicines you take.
If you have diabetes, knee or hip problems, arthritis, asthma, or chronic lung disease.
If you have had a stroke or have vascular disease of the leg.
If you are pregnant, think you might be, or are nursing.
Be sure to tell the doctor if you feel any of the following during the test:
Chest, arm, or jaw discomfort
Severe shortness of breath
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Leg cramps or pain
© Fort HealthCare 2013.
Vendor Program |
Social Media Guidelines611 Sherman Avenue East, Fort Atkinson, WI 53538 | (920) 568-5000
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| 0.939699
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by Alice Woodrome
Rap! A flash of brown feathers --
Retreat and strike again.
Her mate is perched nearby
And watches as she throws herself
At the reflection she sees in the window.
Strike - retreat - and rap again.
For days the war has not abated.
She flies from window to window
Finding the same intruder ready to do battle.
She courageously attacks.
Rap -- retreat and try again.
She strikes the bird on the beak
And feels the impact of its hard cold body. Rap.
In defense of her home she spends herself,
Growing thin as the frustrating days stretch on.
Rap -- retreat and strike again.
Her mate must know that the enemy is not real.
He can only watch the futile rapping.
As I watch and worry from inside the house.
Rap - rap - and rap again.
Strike -- retreat and rap again.
I've screamed against her stupidity.
But I, too, have fought reflections.
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| 0.927418
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| 1.71875
| 2
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In his paintings, drawings and wall texts, Gardar Eide Einarsson uses signs that circulate in contemporary society. These signs might come from mainstream culture, appropriating logos of corporations as well as from subcultures, using for example the forms and languages of graffiti.
Frankfurter Kunstverein: Gardar Eide Einarsson uses a great variety of media in his works: painting,
prints, photography as well as installation and video. The works of Gardar
Eide Einarsson are paradoxical and have a quality of low visual density.
That is, in the images and the spatial arrangements, all elements seem like
fragments of a bigger reality removed from the world outside and dragged
into the image and exhibition space. Using what at first sight looks like a
very depurated formalistic language the artist poses to the viewer the
question of what he really is looking at. By absorbing and then isolating
motifs from the so-called underground music and from literature scenes
and then weaving them together with political references, Gardar Eide
Einarsson forces us to reflect upon the difference between contemplating
an image and using it.
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http://www.the-artists.org/artist/Gardar-Eide-Einarsson/
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| 0.94036
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| 1.726563
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Is there any biblical evidence that suggests Jesus read or wrote anything, and was he literate?
Jesus read Isaiah 61 in a synagogue:
Jesus wrote on the ground:
In addition to the direct implications of these, we have less direct but still strong evidence in events such as his delivery of the Sermon on the Mount. (Matthew 5-7). Also, if you are a Christian, you believe he co-authored the entire Bible (Hebrews 1:1-2).
|show 1 more comment|
Times change, and the exact measure that defines "literacy" changes with them. The concept of an "essay" would have been unknown in Jesus' day, but it is quite clear from the record of we have of his interaction with other learned men that he was treated as if he was educated. As we learn from the verses quoted in parap's answer he was clearly able to read the Tanakh scrolls. These two factors are enough for us to label him as being literate. Living and ministering in a primarily oral culture, it is not surprising that Jesus chose not to sit and write books but rather preached with parables to the public and by reasoning from the Scriptures with those educated in them.
The verse here says that Jesus astonish them learned men of his day with his wisdom and he taught them. This is not the work of an unlearned man. Teaching from, reasoning from and accurately quoting the OT Scriptures (dozens of times) are clear signs of solid education and literacy skills.
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en
| 0.988936
| 313
| 2.65625
| 3
|
The smell of urine and sweat, simmering in 90-degree heat, wafts through an open window like poisonous perfume. A half-full plastic water bottle balances on the ledge below a dirty mesh curtain tied in a knot. More than 20 illegal immigrants live behind the window, in the four-bedroom apartment on Filis street in central Athens, sleeping in shifts to share the beds. They pay what they can, and are forced to give up their bed when someone can pay more. “It’s better than the street,” says a man when asked what it’s like inside. A few blocks up, the doors are half-open with bare lightbulbs above them. When the light is on, it means the brothels inside are open. Women of all ethnicities and ages peer from the windows. This is not the Athens that tourists flock to. But it is home to roughly 1 million estimated illegal immigrants who live and work in the city.
Being an immigrant—illegal or not—has become a risky way of life in Athens. Since May 6, when Greeks gave voice to extremist neo-Nazi anti-immigration party Golden Dawn, attacks on immigrants have doubled. On May 31, an Albanian man standing on the street in Athens’s Neos Kosmos neighborhood was stabbed with a sword by a masked motorcycle driver. Paramedics had to remove several ribs to dislodge the sword, which pierced his chest and was left sticking out of his back.
The same night, 20 minutes later, two Polish men were stabbed with knives in the same part of town. The next day men from Bangladesh and Pakistan were stabbed in the city’s subway stations. “Things have gotten worse since the elections,” Reza Gholami, who heads an association for immigrants from Afghanistan, told Greek Kathimerini newspaper after the May 6 election. “There are daily beatings.”
On June 17, Greeks again voted Golden Dawn into Parliament. The group won 6.92 percent of the vote, which will give them 18 seats in Parliament despite a platform hinged on kicking all immigrants out of Greece and setting up landmines on the borders. Polls consistently showed that a strong segment of Greeks supported the measures, even when party spokesman Ilias Kasidiari threw a glass of water on one female opponent and punched another on national television. After the election results, party faithful gathered at Golden Dawn headquarters at Larissa station in Athens, shouting nationalist slogans. "Today's vote proves that the nationalist movement is here to stay," the party's leader, Nikolaos Mihaloliakos, said in his postelection speech on Sunday night with a statue of a Naziesque eagle on his desk. "Golden Dawn represents the Greece of the future."
Since 2011, when Italy and Malta tightened their borders, Greece has become the primary gateway for migrants coming to Europe from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
Many Greeks resent the presence of so many illegal immigrants on the streets. Since 2011, when Italy and Malta tightened their borders, Greece has become the primary gateway for migrants coming to Europe from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. Nearly 90 percent of all irregular immigrants now enter Europe through Greece, according to international border-guard agency Frontex. Last year 130,000 people entered the country illegally. A spike in crime has been blamed on the wave, and even climbing jobless rates can be tied to illegal workers who are more willing than regular Greeks to take untaxed jobs in the growing black market. In April Greek authorities built the Amygdaleza detention center that can house up to 1,000 detainees who will eventually be deported back to their countries of origin. The rest live on the streets of Athens and smaller cities near the coastlines, working on farms and fishing boats to eke out a living. “There is not enough to go around and when what little social services there are go to immigrants, people are angry,” Athens retiree George Schinnachoritis told The Daily Beast. “There is not enough to share.”
The week before the election, a group of thugs stormed the house belonging to a 28-year-old third-generation Egyptian fisherman near Piraeus, breaking his jaw and nose. Authorities say the man was a legal resident who paid taxes. His three children attended the nearby school, and his wife works in a local pharmacy. The next day, Golden Dawn candidate Ilias Panagiotaros promised supporters that the war to take back Greece from the outsiders has just begun. “If Golden Dawn gets into Parliament, we will carry out raids on hospitals and kindergartens, and we will throw immigrants and their children out in the streets so Greeks can take their place.”
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http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/06/19/golden-dawn-s-violent-war-against-immigrants-in-greece.print.html
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| 0.966062
| 981
| 1.757813
| 2
|
Blue helmets seized in Golan safe but remain captive - UN peacekeeping chief
|Publisher||UN News Service|
|Publication Date||8 March 2013|
|Cite as||UN News Service, Blue helmets seized in Golan safe but remain captive - UN peacekeeping chief, 8 March 2013, available at: http://www.refworld.org/docid/513ef45f2.html [accessed 24 May 2013]|
|Disclaimer||This is not a UNHCR publication. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States.|
The head of United Nations peacekeeping operations said today that the blue helmets seized in the Golan Heights two days ago are all safe but remain detained, adding that the world body is working to secure their release as quickly as possible.
"Our 21 peacekeepers are detained in the village of Al Jamla. Apparently they are safe and they have been spread into 4 or 5 locations within that village in the basement of various houses," the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations, Hervé Ladsous, told reporters in New York.
"That particular village is subject to intense shelling by the Syrian armed forces. Of course we are working 24/7 in the area of operation, with people in the region, and here in the Secretariat, to secure their release under good conditions as quickly as possible."
On Wednesday, armed elements of the Syrian opposition detained a group of peacekeepers who are part of the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF), which monitors the 1974 disengagement accord between Syria and Israel after their 1973 war.
"As of now there is, perhaps, a hope – but I have to be extremely cautious because it is not done yet – but there is the possibility that a ceasefire of a few hours can intervene which will allow for people to be released," Mr. Ladsous said, after a closed-door briefing to the Security Council.
He stressed that if the ceasefire was to happen, there would be a strong expectation that there would be no retaliatory action by the Syrian armed forces over the village and its civilian population.
Mr. Ladsous added that in light of the situation, UNDOF had vacated two positions which were particularly exposed to gunfire, and the way the mission is operating is being examined due to the degraded safety and security conditions.
Ambassador Vitaly Churkin of Russia, which holds the Council's presidency this month, told reporters that UNDOF's activities have been greatly curtailed and some troop contributors have been pulling out their contingents from the mission.
"We expressed the hope that the situation can improve and that UNDOF can continue its operation to the best of its ability given the situation on the ground," he said, speaking on behalf of the 15-member body.
"The Council expressed its strong support for the efforts of the United Nations to have the UNDOF captured personnel released as quickly as possible," he added.
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| 0.969991
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Established in 1929, Central Association for the Blind and Visually Impaired (CABVI) is a not-for-profit agency that serves people who are blind or visually impaired, from newborns to the elderly, generally free of charge. Our staff of professionals offers comprehensive vision rehabilitation, employment, and technology services personally tailored to meet an individual’s needs.
Our comprehensive vision rehabilitation programs provide for more than 1,400 people who are blind or visually impaired in an eight county area of upstate New York (Oneida, Herkimer, Madison, Fulton, Lewis, Montgomery, Jefferson and northern Otsego Counties). We offer low vision examinations vision rehabilitation therapy, orientation and mobility, instruction in the use of assistive technology applications, employment training, adaptive recreation and sports and social work.
A unique aspect of our employment training is Central Industries, a component of CABVI’s employment program that helps to support agency services. We employ 189 people, 79 of whom are blind or visually impaired continually provide public education about blindness and protecting your vision.
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| 0.902197
| 219
| 1.648438
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|
ASIA/JORDAN - Imminent opening of a second refugee camp in Syria; the director of Caritas Jordan "in 2013 there is a risk of mass exodus"
Amman (Agenzia Fides) - In the coming days the second UN camp to welcome in Jordan territory refugees fleeing from Syria will be opened. This is confirmed to Fides Agency by the director of Caritas Jordan, Wael Suleiman. The new facility is located twenty kilometers from Zarqa and can accommodate 45 thousand people and priority will be given to women and children.
"The camp of Zarqa," explains Suleiman "will help relieve the situation that has arisen in the camp of Zaatari, located in the desert, where the cold and the promiscuous conditions worse day by day, the spread of diseases that primarily affect children and the elderly" . Even in the new camp Caritas will animate educational programs especially for children.
The number of Syrian refugees in Jordan is fast approaching the portion of 300 thousand. Every day, between 500 to one thousand fugitives cross the borders with the Hashemite Kingdom. And on the basis of what the Suleiman and other operators say, the worst is yet to come: "The situation in Syria worsens, and the conflict may soon involve massively densely populated area of Damascus and its suburbs. At the beginning of 2013 a mass exodus from those areas could erupt. And that with Jordan is the easiest border to reach for those who want to escape."
The director of Caritas Jordan recorded a symptomatic clue in this regard, the UN so far funded three-monthly assistance projects. Now, loans are calculated over a longer period, from six months to one year. "Everyone knows that the refugees cannot return soon in their country, even if the war ends. Syria is destroyed, and to reconstruct the conditions of a possible coexistence it will take years. Perhaps decades. "
Suleiman also confirms that in Jordan there is the phenomenon of rich Arabs from the Gulf Countries to recruit "child brides" among the ranks of the Syrian refugees. But points out that the prevailing culture in large sections of the population, this practice is perceived as a form of charity: "some time ago," says the director of Caritas "a wedding in the area of Zaatari was celebrated. The bride was a girl of no more than fifteen years of age. And everyone was happy. The rich stranger that married her was considered by all a benefactor."
Among the Syrian refugees, some of Christian faith have found work at the operational facilities of Caritas Jordan. "For them, Christmas is round the corner and many will live this moment with a broken heart," notes Suleiman. "Just yesterday," adds the director of Caritas Jordan, "one of them said to me: with the work I do with you, I find myself assisting some who supported the rebels. I was against the rebels. Because of them I was forced to flee and the lives of my whole family was devastated by suffering and hardship. But in doing so I feel I really live the Christmas season. Helping those who I should consider as enemies." (GV) (Agenzia Fides 21/12/2012)
- 2013-05-22 ASIA/JORDAN - March of prayer for the Syrian bishops kidnapped. "May the Almighty safeguard the stability in the Hashemite Kingdom"
- 2013-05-15 ASIA/JORDAN - A silent march of Christians to pray for the release of the kidnapped Syrian bishops
- 2013-03-26 ASIA/JORDAN - The president of Caritas: Syrian refugees are more than 500 thousand
- 2013-02-19 ASIA/JORDAN - Caritas Director says Cardinal's visit is proof of whole Church's concern for Syrian refugees
- 2013-02-01 ASIA/JORDAN - Exploitation, abuse, hard labor and underpaid workers for 50 000 children
- 2013-01-31 ASIA/JORDAN - The director of the Catholic Center for Studies and Media: sects jeopardize relations between Christians and Muslims
- 2013-01-22 ASIA/JORDAN - The Christian candidates in the elections do not go unnoticed
- 2013-01-21 ASIA/JORDAN - Archbishop Lahham: the Church prays for all the election candidates, but does not sponsor anyone
- 2013-01-12 ASIA/JORDAN - Archbishop Maroun Lahham: we open our churches to the Syrian refugees of the camp of Zaatari
- 2013-01-09 ASIA/JORDAN - The director of Caritas: revolt in the camp of Zaatari, devastated by the snowstorm; to escape the refugees chose to return to Syria
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ABOUT COCONUT WATER NATURALLY STERILE The coconut palm, the shell, husk and meat all serve as natural filters for the water processed through the tree. By the time it reaches the hollow of the coconut the water is clear than the purest water from any spring - it's 100% naturally sterile.
A SUBSTITUTE FOR PLASMA During World War II soldiers fighting in the Pacific were without blood plasma for transfusions. Because coconut water is in perfect ph and electrolyte balance with human blood and it's naturally sterile, it served as an ideal substitute thus helping to save thousands of lives.
Coconut water is the liquid inside a young, green coconut. It's not to be confused with coconut milk, which appears later when the coconut mature or coconut cream or paste, which are byproducts of the coconut meat. There is no other consumable substance in nature like coconut water, Gatorade and any other man made beverage. It cleans, refreshes and energize th body in a way no other beverage can.
Contains more potassium than bananas and sports drinks
Has significantly less sodium than sports and energy drinks
200% less sugars than sports or energy drinks and the sugars it does have are all natural as opposed to processed
Is high in chloride, magnesium and other vital minerals our body need to hydrate and re-energize.
Helps maintain proper body temperature
“Coconut water is the very stuff of nature, biologically pure, full of natural sugars, salts and vitamins to ward off fatigue and is the next wave of energy drinks only natural.” Mortin Satin, Head of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.
“Coconut water is a refreshing beverage that comes from coconuts. It's a powerhouse of nutrition containing a complex blend of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, carbohydrates, antioxidants, enzymes, health enhancing growth hormones, and other phytonutrients.
Because its electrolyte (ionic mineral) content is similar to human plasma, it has gained international acclaim as a natural sports drink for oral rehydration. As such, it has proven superior to commercial sports drinks.
Unlike other beverages, it is completely compatible with the human body, in so much that it can be infused directly into the bloodstream. In fact, doctors have used coconut water successfully as an intravenous fluid for over 60 years.
History and folklore credit coconut water with remarkable healing powers, which medical science is now confirming.”
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| 0.932689
| 513
| 2.40625
| 2
|
Nikon Corporation also known as Nikon or Nikon Corp., is a Japanese company specializing in optics and imaging. Its products include digital cameras (well known Nikon Coolpix), (Find out more)
Take your creativity further with the Coolpix P310 from Nikon, with its 16.1-megapixel sensor and 24 mm wide angle lens.Snap stunning portraits and group shots by bringing your subjects into sharp focus against a blurred background thanks to the 4.2x optical lens and short focus. Face detection, filters and special effects enhance photos for frame worthy results.The optically stabilised P310 is ideal for taking pictures in low lighting conditions, as it has a high sensitivity of 6400 ISO and an EXPEED C2 processor for the sharpest shots in all conditions.The Coolpix P310 also has a Full HD 1080p video mode and HDMI connectivity, so you can film all the action and play it back on a big screen.(More info)
The best in NIKON
Including Charger, Lithium battery
Get creative with the Nikon D5100! This digital camera features a 16.2-megapixel CMOS sensor to capture scenes and subjects with less blur. With the AF-S VR DX 18 - 105 mm lens and 3-inch LCD you...
£ 499 Inc. VAT
View all products : CAMERAS NIKON
Nikon JAA797DB Niko 18-AF PAGES G 55/3.5-5.6 DX II ED 4960759025234
Inc. VAT IN STOCK
View all products : Computing NIKON
More info ...
Nikon Corporation also known as Nikon or Nikon Corp., is a Japanese company specializing in optics and imaging. Its products include digital cameras (well known Nikon Coolpix), binoculars, microscopes, measurement instruments. The Nikon brand has won worldwide respect from both professionals and enthusiasts. The Imaging Division of Nikon has a strong following for its professional photographic products and in the last few years, has taken a leading role in the digital revolution, across both the professional and consumer markets. Nikon excels now in all sorts of digital cameras : SLR, Compact, Bridge cameras.
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| 0.922744
| 450
| 1.5
| 2
|
Now you see it, now you don't
To be truly successful, a complex technology needs to “disappear”
THERE has never been anything quite like information technology before, but there have certainly been other complex technologies that needed simplifying. Joe Corn, a history professor at Stanford University, believes that the first example of a complex consumer technology was clocks, which arrived in the 1820s. Clocks were sold with user manuals, which featured entries such as “How to erect and regulate your device”. When sewing machines appeared in the 1840s, they came with 40-page manuals full of detailed instructions. Discouragingly, it took two generations until a trade publication was able to declare in the 1880s that “every woman now knows how to use one.”
At about the same time, the increase in technological complexity gathered pace. With electricity came new appliances, such as the phonograph, invented in 1877 by Thomas Alva Edison. According to Mr Norman, the computer-design guru, despite Mr Edison's genius for engineering he was a marketing moron, and his first phonograph was all but unusable (in fact, initially he had no particular uses in mind for it). For decades, Mr Edison fiddled with his technology, always going for the most impressive engineering solution. For instance, he chose cylinders over discs as the recording medium. It took a generation and the entry of a new rival, Emile Berliner, to prepare the phonograph for the mass market by making it easier to use (introducing discs instead of cylinders) and giving it a purpose (playing music). Mr Edison's companies foundered whereas Mr Berliner's thrived, and phonographs became ubiquitous, first as “gramophones” or “Victrolas”, the name of Mr Berliner's model, and ultimately as “record players”.
Another complex technology, with an even bigger impact, was the car. The first cars, in the early 1900s, were “mostly a burden and a challenge”, says Mr Corn. Driving one required skill in lubricating various moving parts, sending oil manually to the transmission, adjusting the spark plug, setting the choke, opening the throttle, wielding the crank and knowing what to do when the car broke down, which it invariably did. People at the time hired chauffeurs, says Mr Corn, mostly because they needed to have a mechanic at hand to fix the car, just as firms today need IT staff and households need teenagers to sort out their computers.
By the 1930s, however, the car had become more user-friendly and ready for the mass market. Two things in particular had made this possible. The first was the rise, spread and eventual ubiquity of a support infrastructure for cars. This included a network of decent roads and motorways, and of petrol stations and garages for repair. The second was the makers' increasing skill at hiding the technology from drivers. Ford proved particularly good at this. Ironically, it meant that cars got hugely more complex on the inside, because most of the tasks that had previously been carried out by drivers now had to be done automatically. This presented drivers with a radically simplified surface, or “interface” in today's jargon, so that all they had to do was turn the ignition key, put their foot on the accelerator, brake, steer and change gear—and after 1940, when automatic transmissions were introduced, even gear-shifting became optional.
Another instructive technology is electricity. In its early days, those firms and households that could afford it had their own generators. Keeping these going soon became a full-time job. In the early 20th century, writes Nick Carr, the author of a book entitled “Does IT Matter?”, most companies had a senior management position called “vice-president of electricity”, a rough equivalent of today's “chief information officer” (CIO) and “chief technology officer” (CTO). Within a generation, however, the generators and vice-presidents disappeared as electricity became available through the grid, leaving users to deal only with the simplest of interfaces, the power socket.
Out with the nerds
The evolution of these technologies holds some lessons for the IT industry today. The first observation, according to Mr Norman, “is that in the early days of any technological revolution the engineers are in charge, and their customers are the early adopters. But the mass market is the late adopters. This is why Thomas Alva Edison, an engineering genius, failed miserably in business.” Similarly, in IT today, says Mr Papadopoulos of Sun Microsystems, “the biggest problem is that most of the people who create these artefacts are nerds. I want to see more artists create these things.”
The geekiness that predominates in the early stages of any new technology leads to a nasty affliction that Paul Saffo, a technology visionary at California's Institute for the Future, calls “featuritis”. For example, Microsoft in a recent survey found that most consumers use only 10% of the features on offer in Microsoft Word. In other words, some 90% of this software is clutter that obscures the few features people actually want. This violates a crucial principle of design. As Soetsu Yanagi wrote in “The Unknown Craftsman”, his classic 1972 book on folk art, “man is most free when his tools are proportionate to his needs.” The most immediate problem with IT today, as with other technologies at comparable stages, says Mr Saffo, is that “our gadgets are so disproportionate”.
A second lesson from history, however, is that a brute cull of features would be futile. As technologies, the sewing machine, the phonograph, the car and the electricity grid have only ever grown more complex over time. Today's cars, in fact, are mobile computers, containing dozens of microchips and sensors and other electronic sub-systems that Henry Ford would not recognise. Electricity grids today are as complex as they are invisible in everyday life. Consumers notice them only when things go wrong, as they did spectacularly during last year's power cuts in north-eastern America and Canada.
“You have to push all the complexity to the back end in order to make the front end very simple,” says Marc Benioff, the boss of Salesforce.com, a software firm that will be examined in a later article in this survey. This migration of complexity, says Mr Benioff, echoes the process of civilisation. Thus, every house initially has its own well and later its own generator. Civilisation turns houses into “nodes” on a public network that householders draw on. But the “interface”—the water tap, the toilet flush, the power switch—has to be “incredibly simple”. All the management of complexity now takes place within the network, so that consumers no longer even know when their electricity or water company upgrades its technology. Thus, from the user's point of view, says Mr Benioff, “technology goes through a gradual disappearance process.”
From the point of view of the vendors, the opposite is true. “Our experience is that for every mouse click we take out of the user experience, 20 things have to happen in our software behind the scenes,” says Brad Treat, the chief executive of SightSpeed, a company that wants to make video phone calls as easy for consumers as e-mailing. The same applies to corporate datacentres. “So don't expect some catharsis in eliminating layers of software,” says Mr Papadopoulos. “The way we get rid of complexity is by creating new layers of abstraction and sedimenting what is below.” This will take different forms for firms and for consumers. First, consider the firms.
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More powerful than guns
It is ideas and beliefs, says Nicholas Faraclas, that bind Melanesians (the people of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands) together to contest the orthodoxies of 'development'.
George used to be a member of a criminal gang in Port Moresby. Now he conducts theatre training throughout Papua New Guinea (PNG) for a network involved in popular education. Before joining the movement for critical literacy he never felt confident enough to speak out in public. Recently, however, George designed a piece of theatre to be enacted during a World Bank-funded seminar on 'Poverty Alleviation in PNG', which was held in one of the most exclusive hotels in the city.
During the session, where non-governmental organizations (NGOs) were supposed to put on a show of gratitude, George and some other activists presented the meeting with piles of food from local gardens, saying: 'We are not poor. The World Bank doesn't alleviate poverty, it creates it. The best thing that the World Bank could do to relieve the suffering of Papua New Guineans would be to cancel the debt and get out!'
When critics of 'globalization' confront the World Bank, they are immediately challenged to produce an alternative. The Bank is then asking them to replicate the relations of domination that keep communities from devising and implementing their own no real alternatives could ever be designed by the Bank, programed by governments, brainstormed in the headquarters of Big International NGOs (BINGOs) or even collectively formulated by local NGOs. The only real alternatives involve processes of critical, radical and transformational community awareness, analysis and mobilization not ready-made solutions to unanalysed problems.
Several NGOs with financial-management problems have put aside their scruples and taken money from the World Bank nonetheless. Most of the money that is not misused outright will go into 'alternative income generation', which usually means setting up individuals (mostly young men) as entre-preneurs, who will then become the local dispensers of beer, abusers of women and silencers of critics.
L O C A L
The most urgent issue isnt whether people eat oranges in cold climates or apples in hot ones, but whether food travels thousands of kilometres when it could be produced within a 50-kilometre radius. The goal of localization is not to eliminate trade but to encourage diversified local economies.
In the North, massive subsidies sponsor largely globalized corporate interests. Similar sums spent on local initiatives would create more jobs, improve the environment and distribute resources more equitably. Shifting subsidies away from industrial agriculture to smaller-scale, more diversified farming would promote biodiversity, healthier soils and better food.
In the South, a decentralized, renewable-energy infrastructure would strengthen the economies of villages and small towns. The best land is taken over by cash crops for export when diversified production for local consumption would improve food security and help to reduce absolute poverty. Enormous educational benefits flow from local-language and location-specific knowledge adapted to the bio-region and culture, reversing the sense of inferiority imposed by Westernization.
There is no country in the world where larger amounts of money are spent and raised by local rather than central government so theres plenty of room for improvement.
Source: Helena Norberg-Hodge, Shifting direction: from global dependence to local interdependence, in Jerry Mander and Edward Goldsmith (eds), The Case Against the Global Economy, Sierra Club Books, San Francisco, 1996.
For those who have managed to avoid the 'alternatives' trap the development establishment has reserved its last, desperate weapon. It claims that popular education has no basis in the present, only in some Utopian dream. Nothing could be further from the truth.
Drawing its strength from indigenous Melanesian ways of 'reading and writing the world' that is, analysing their realities and creating new ones this movement has played a leading role in mobilizing communities across the region to mount a significant challenge, from which the rest of the world could learn much if it cared to pay attention.
One of the 27 points in the 'policy matrix' which the World Bank and IMF are attempting to impose on Papua New Guinea requires that land registration be completed in two of its most populous provinces. In July 1995, a national coalition of community groups, women's organizations, human-rights activists, popular-education workers, labour unions, students and church groups arose to challenge the 27 points. Besides land registration, these 'points' require the ending of price controls, a freeze on wages, increases in health and education fees, and the abolition of the minimum wage (currently three dollars per day).
The unrest culminated in a massive march to Parliament House in Port Moresby. Government ministers were in disarray. The Minister for Lands promised to end all work on any new legislation regarding the registration of land. A public statement by the Prime Minister to this effect was published in all of the daily newspapers a few days later.
In Melanesia over 1,500 languages are spoken by at least that many different ethnic groups. Each of these groups constitutes a society distinct from the others in countless ways. But there are some things that unite them. In general, they have shunned the extreme accumulation of wealth, striven for collective decision making and recognized women's power over their own bodies. They have used an economy based on subsistence to create abundance. None has opted for the nuclear family, straightjacketed sexual roles or profit making.
Most importantly, they have maintained control over their own history, their means of dealing with problems in the present and their vision for the future. The critical and democratic resolution of problems by communities has been the norm rather than the exception. These incredibly significant achievements have been attained by each society in its own unique manner, without forced assimilation or conquest.
When people believe in themselves and the power that lies within them, nothing can stop them. Because it encourages people to 'read and write their lives' popular education and critical literacy are more dangerous than guns. Guns do not change relations of power beliefs do. Melanesians are powerful because they have never accepted domination and they, among all of the peoples of the world, still believe that they deserve to control their own lives. The battle over alternatives must be inspired by a reawakened memory that things do not have to be this way. Until we consider alternative pasts it is useless to talk about alternative futures.
When we remove the blinkers, a vast and almost limitless array of possibilities opens itself up before us. This is the sense of possibilities that has allowed the indigenous peoples in Melanesia to develop and practise thousands of different, equally effective systems of democratic decision making, of wealth redistribution and of negotiating equitable relations between the genders. This is the future that we can all reclaim, if we only dare. *
Nicholas Faraclas teaches at the University of Papua New Guinea.
This first appeared in our award-winning magazine - to read more, subscribe from just £7
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China defends curbs on rare earths
Tuesday - 6/19/2012, 11:04pm EDT
AP Business Writer
BEIJING (AP) - China on Wednesday defended its curbs on rare earths mining and exports amid a World Trade Organization challenge brought by the United States, Europe and Japan.
The government said its controls are meant to protect the environment and preserve dwindling resources and are in line with its WTO free-trade commitments.
China accounts for most of the world's production of rare earths, which are used in mobile phones and other high-tech products.
Global manufacturers were alarmed when China announced it would limit exports while trying to build up its own industry to manufacture products that use rare earths.
"All the measures taken by the government aim at protecting resources and the eco-environment," the government said in a statement issued with a report on its rare earths policies. "They are in line with the international practice and relevant regulations of the WTO."
The United States, the European Union and Japan filed complaints in March with the World Trade Organization charging that China is limiting its export of rare earths, minerals that are vital to the production of high-tech goods.
China accounts for more than 90 percent of global production of 17 rare earth minerals that are used to make goods including hybrid cars, weapons, flat-screen TVs, mobile phones, mercury-vapor lights, and camera lenses.
China has cut export quotas while it tries to build up its own industry to manufacture lightweight magnets and other products made with rare earths.
Senior U.S. administration officials have said Beijing's export restrictions give Chinese companies an advantage by giving them access to more rare earths at a cheaper price, while forcing U.S. companies to manage with a smaller, more costly supply.
China has about 30 percent of global rare earths deposits. The United States, Canada, Australia and other countries also have rare earths but most mining stopped in the 1990s as lower-cost Chinese ores came on the market.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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Many students are guilty of ignoring the law of diminishing utility when it comes to test prep. Stated more plainly, I mean that students often operate under the assumption that “studying more is always better”. This is simply not the case.
The final week before the test is a time that students commonly misuse or, in some egregious cases, actually regress. This is because, instead of treating the GRE as a performance, which it is, students treat it simply as a test of knowledge, which it most certainly is not. The top priority of any student during the last week before taking the test should be resting well and staying healthy. Resist the urge to take a full-length practice test, as it will most likely contribute to fatigue on the actual test day, and by all means, don’t study anything on the day before the test. Just take care of yourself, relax, and mentally prepare yourself for game day.
Students also ignore the law of diminishing utility during normal study hours. The number of hours that you can be actively engaged in absorbing and executing new information is limited; just because you put in the extra hours does not mean that your score will continue to improve. In order to perform optimally on the test, you should view taking care of yourself as an equally important part of your study as pouring vocabulary words into your brain.
How long can you productively study in each day? The answer is not infinite; during your studies try to take note of how productive your study is. If you are wasting time, or not making effective progress, or not feeling well, then STOP! Watching Dumb and Dumber, believe it or not, may be a more valuable use of your time. And it won’t make you as dumb as you think.
Developing a proper study/life balance is a vital part of your prep and should not be ignored. In addition to the number of hours that you can spend during each session, there is a limited amount of study time that you can put your body through each week. Ensuring that you are taking adequate time to exercise, eat well, and sleep sufficiently is an often undervalued but highly sensitive aspect of your test prep so take your mother’s advice and take care of yourself, darnit!
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In August, the National Institute of Standards and Technology published its final version of a step-by-step guide to help government agencies deal with computer security incidents.
The “NIST Computer Security Incident Handling Guide,” based on best practices from government, academic and business organizations, details instructions for incident response teams to create effective policies and plans for dynamically addressing cybersecurity threats originating from both inside and outside the organization.
The Guide rightfully recognizes the importance of rapid response in alerting other agencies of a security incident, and emphasizes the need for any plan to have a clearly defined mission statement, strategies and goals. These recommendations go hand-in-hand with efforts by agencies to identify and prevent attacks before they occur.
But also of significance in the NIST Guide is a recommendation to review each incident afterward to prepare for future attacks and to provide stronger protections of systems and data. This element is especially critical: The cause and source of up to 50 percent of known intrusions in the commercial sector remain unknown, according to 2011 data from the Identity Theft Research Center. This reinforces the need to conduct a thorough post-intrusion review -- an aspect of cyber response that is becoming harder to achieve as the volume of data packets flowing in and out of the agencies’ networks continues to rise.
Emerging tools to rapidly analyze massive volumes of data from disparate sources (i.e. big data) are playing a tangible role in helping intelligence and law enforcement agencies connect the dots to prevent attacks of both a physical and cyber nature. But there’s a hitch in the era of more sophisticated cyberattacks -- an unprecedented flow of network traffic that agencies must monitor.
Within this environment, there are a handful of technology and market forces impacting how agencies can respond to cyberattacks.
Exploding Network Traffic
Many agencies today are saddled with 1 gigabit monitoring solutions in a 10 gigabit world. Legacy solutions have been unable to keep up with exploding data packet traffic on today’s networks, to the point where only a fraction of network traffic can effectively be captured and analyzed after the fact to reconstruct an attack.
As large government agencies and commercial organizations deploy ever-faster networks, one of the greatest challenges they face is enabling their network and security monitoring infrastructure to keep up with the network itself. Legacy packet capture solutions with high rates of packet loss undermine the effectiveness of today’s powerful cybersecurity analysis tools, producing instead the cyber equivalent of a corrupted database. Today, cyber warriors require all the packets, all the flows, all the time.
The ability to manage big data is critical for effective incident response. Government agencies, in particular those involved with intelligence gathering, now expect to go back 30 to 60 days for full packet capture -- an enormous data storage requirement that means keeping 6-12 Petabytes of traffic history per 10 Gigabit-per-second (Gbps) link. This data volume can only be handled by storage solutions with massive scalability.
The importance of directing resources to technologies and manpower required to prevent cyberattacks from occurring cannot be understated. But there are limits to how far these efforts can go: A Bloomberg Government survey estimates companies would need to boost cybersecurity spending nine-fold to stop 95 percent of attacks (considered the highest attainable level).
The hard truth is that everyone understands intruders will get in. At some point, even the most impenetrable defenses will be penetrated. When an incident occurs, organizations must be able to answer several questions: How long has the attack been going on? Where else has this traffic pattern occurred on the network in the past month or year? What is the extent of the damage? How did the intruder get in?
Much as an investigator would seek to reconstruct a physical accident or crime, cybersecurity incidents must also be reconstructed. The capability to cost-effectively capture, store and query massive volumes of traffic history is critical to reconstructing cybersecurity incidents after the fact all the way down to the single data packet level (the DNA evidence).
It is increasingly common for a cyberattack to lurk inside a network for months before being discovered. An example of this is an Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attack, which places malware inside the perimeter defense of the network, where it can masquerade as an authorized user and hide itself while searching for desired data to steal.
In a recent cybersecurity survey of 100 IT executives responsible for security at companies with revenues exceeding $100 million earlier this year by CounterTack, 84 percent of respondents conceded some degree of vulnerability to APTs.
APT can be a loaded term, manipulated for a given firm’s product marketing purposes. NIST, in its FISMA guidelines, defines APT in terms of the attacker rather than the nature of the attack: “An adversary that possesses sophisticated levels of expertise and significant resources which allow it to create opportunities to achieve its objectives by using multiple attack vectors (e.g., cyber, physical, and deception).”
The volume of data traffic that can be recorded is a product of the underlying data storage space on the network that is available to the monitoring devices. Limited storage space severely restricts agencies when trying to decipher attacks that may have happened well in the past but only became apparent once the attacks start to exert damage. Thus, for agencies to recognize APTs and similar threats, they will require high-volume storage technology solutions that support high-performance file systems, bandwidth-intensive streaming applications, and transaction-intensive workloads.
The ability to reconstruct cyberattacks requires a tremendous amount of data and a framework to mine it. By going back, Agencies can in effect move forward to proactively defend against attacks of a similar or varying nature in the future.
Mark Weber is U.S. public sector president at NetApp and Tim Sullivan is president and CEO at nPulse Technologies.
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President Obama is scheduled to sign the monumental healthcare bill today. After a year of vigorous debate by the Democrats and Republicans, one might think the public is informed on the issue. Unfortunately, neither side has been forthcoming and the majority of people are confused by the rhetoric of both sides. The innuendo, spin and outright lies have left Americans in the dark.
As this is being written, there is no new light to shed on this mysterious legislation. The supposed motive of universal healthcare is admirable for an advanced nation like the USA. There are over 47 million Americans who do not have insurance and subsequently burden the system with gratis emergency room visits and unpaid hospital stays. It is widely accepted that these unpaid bills are passed on to those with medical coverage in the form of increased insurance and medical costs. Subsequently, bringing the uninsured into a managed care organization seems to make financial and moral sense.
The opposing argument suggests the American economy and those with insurance will be further harmed by the legislation. They claim that the onslaught of the newly insured would seriously curtail the ability of everyone to get reasonable healthcare. In addition, there is an issue of a reduction of benefits to the existing millions covered under Medicare or Medicaid. There are assertions that senior care might be regulated by so called death squads. Finally, there is the concern genuine reform has not been addressed and medical costs will continue to escalate in the future.
As always, the American people are denied access to the intent of the new legislation and the true motivations of both parties. The hopeful among us look for the redeeming features of an ambiguous plan. The skeptics remain wary watching for the telltale signs of corruption and the inevitable payoffs to the corporate giants who control America. And through it all, few can deny the American political system is hopelessly lost in a quagmire of self-interest. America can and must do better!
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With Vermillion's contract to receive electric power from East River Electric Cooperative scheduled to expire in less than five months, crews are quickly making progress on the construction of a new looped 115 kV power line from the Spirit Mound substation located north of Vermillion to the city.
"The actual physical construction work began in April. The crews worked along some of the roads that didn't have load limits on them first," said City Manager John Prescott.
Main contractor for the project is Karian Peterson Power Line Contracting of Montevideo, MN. The firm has set all of the poles in the west leg of the project, and had begun placing poles in place in the east leg of the project approximately three weeks ago.
"When we were talking with the public, we were looking at whether we would use steel or wood poles, depending on how the bids came out and the costs of everything, and we got some very favorable bids, so all of the poles that are being installed with this project are steel," Prescott said.
The project has not been without controversy. City leaders first proposed constructing the power line from the Spirit Mound substation in July 2008. For that to occur, however, the city needed permission from the Clay County Commission to place power poles for the new transmission lines along the right of way of several county roads.
Commissioners, after hearing from both city officials and people who live in the vicinity of where the proposed line would be located, decided to deny the city's request. That prompted the city to seek court action.
Citizens residing near the proposed lines' route listed a number of concerns — from traffic safety and the possible negative affect the lines could have on one's health, to the detrimental affect the lines would have on scenery and windbreaks in cases where trees would have to be trimmed. The negative feedback received compelled the county commission to refuse granting the use of the county road right-of-ways for the transmission line.
That lead to a day-long face-off in the summer of 2008 between the city and the county in a civil hearing brought heard by Circuit Judge Steven Jensen. Jensen eventually decided that Vermillion should be allowed to place the power lines in the right-of-ways of Clay County roads.
The center of the poles, he ordered, would be placed two feet from the public highway right-of-way so that they don't enter adjacent real property. The judge's decision included other factors designed to alleviate, as much as possible, any hardship on private property owners. He ordered that power poles be placed in such a way to avoid or reduce tree trimming in shelter belts as much as possible. The city also must place the power line poles from 230 feet to 300 feet apart, Jensen ordered, to minimize their view from residence dwelling structures.
The judge's stipulations weren't enough to stop opposition to this project. Petitions were circulated in the city, and enough signatures were collected to put this issue to a public vote in January 2009. Vermillion voters overwhelmingly approved the project.
The city's plan include the construction of approximately 20 total miles of a looped 115 kV power line from the Spirit Mound substation to the existing substation at the Municipal Service Center located at W. Duke Street.
At the time of the referendum, city leaders had estimated total cost of the project would be approximately $8 million.
"I think it's probably going to be closer to a $7 million project," Prescott said last week. "Maybe even less than that. There are always a few items that are based on quantity as you do the project, so we are looking at less than anticipated costs compared to what we thought in January 2009.
"Unless we run into unforeseen issues at this point in time, right now we are looking at a project that is going to be perhaps more than a half million dollars below the engineer's estimate," he said.
The city will pay for this project by using $2 million of Light & Power reserves, and the balance of the project will be bonded and repaid over 25 years.
In May 2008, MRES (Missouri River Energy Services) announced a new program which would benefit the Vermillion transmission line project. If member transmission facilities representing at least 300 MW are leased to MRES, they will make annual lease payments to Vermillion equal to 14 percent of the city's infrastructure investment, and approximately $7 million of the city's investment would qualify.
"Without this agreement, building the transmission lines still has a positive return to the community," Prescott said during a public meeting held in January 2009 shortly before the city referendum on the project, "of less than 15 years, There will be a positive return to the community over 40 years without the Missouri River Energy Services agreement, and if we have that agreement, it will be a $37 million savings to the community."
The looped system is designed to be more a more reliable way for Vermillion to receive electrical power. Currently, there is no redundancy of electric lines in the last quarter mile to the city, from South Dakota Highway 50 to the city's main substation.
The project currently being constructed includes two separate power lines built from the Spirit Mound substation to the city substation. The Spirit Mound substation also has two backup generators, and is fed from multiple sources. If for some reason there is a problem and the Spirit Mound substation wouldn't be receiving electricity, the substation would have the ability to generate their own through the backup generators at Spirit Mound.
"Largely, the project is being constructed as planned, including some cost savings," Prescott said. "Unless, of course, we run into unforeseen circumstances that we aren't aware of."
The exact time that electric power will be transmitted through the lines to the city from the Spirit Mound substation has not yet been determined. "Our agreement (with East River) expires at the end of this calendar year, but at this point in time, I don't have a switchover date, of when we might be utilizing those lines," he said.
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Practical Issues > Things to do > Religion and Animals
Ten Commandments for Animals from Christian Teaching
1. An animal that falls down must be raised with the same care as if it were a human being.
2. While an animal works to tread out corn it may not be muzzled, but must be allowed to eat from the grain.
3. Animals of different species, like an ox and an ass, must not be yoked together for work. Since they have different strengths, it is cruel to force them to work together under one yoke.
4. Animals must be allowed to rest from working on the Sabbath, just as the owner has to rest.
5. We are not allowed to sit down to a meal before feeding our animals or pets.
6. We are not allowed to give an animal a heavier load than it can bear.
7. We are not allowed to hit an animal if it is not necessary.
8. We may not buy any animal or bird unless we can provide enough food for it.
9. Killing animals or birds for sport is forbidden.
10. In slaughtering animals or birds for food, we must try not to cause unnecessary pain. The Jewish laws of Shechitah are designed to keep animals from suffering when meat is prepared for eating.
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As climate change threatens the state’s economy, resources, and quality of life, retrofitting buildings to make them more energy efficient is one of the easiest and most cost-effective steps that citizens can take to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change. Energy use from residential and commercial buildings releases 22 percent of the state’s total greenhouse gas emissions, as well as conventional air pollution in the form of smog and particulate matter.
Retrofitting existing buildings will also bring economic benefits: it will save owners money and create new jobs for idled construction workers. The California Air Resources Board estimates that household savings from energy retrofits, even with potential increases in energy rates, will be between $400 and $500 annually per homeowner, while businesses may gain even more.
Small businesses and residences present the best opportunities for retrofits because they produce the majority of greenhouse gas emissions from buildings and face similar challenges. One particular local and state government program, developed in California, shows promise in its ability to encourage building owners to undertake retrofits. The Property Assessed Clean Energy program (PACE) allows building owners to receive local and state government funds to cover, among other environmental improvements, the upfront costs of retrofits, which the owners then pay back through increased semiannual property assessments over twenty years.
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Sometimes the Ideas Flow Easily and the work is easy.
Writing can be a very difficult work sometimes, anyone who writes articles as a hobby or to earn money would surly agree on this one, sometimes day and even weeks would go by and you would find yourself struggling for ideas and topics to write on and then at other times the ideas just flow easily. I mean literally sometimes I would be able to sit down write close to 10 articles or even more in just about two hours or maybe even less and then at other time I find myself spending the whole day trying to write just two or three articles and these are the times as I writer I really do get frustrated. That’s why when I have the ideas flowing I do not like to stop write and would keep at it for hours if it could.
This is the important thing whenever you have the good ideas flowing in your directions try not to stop writing at all, even limit the breaks that you take in-between because you know how hard it is to get back in that train of though. A good thing to remember as well is when you are feeling tired and the ideas are not coming to you so easily give you self a little break, relax for a while sometimes this will help you to easy the stress and then you would see that the ideas will slowly start back to flow to you again. But remember even if you get some good ideas or topics and you can get to work writing it immediately you should try to at least write down the ideas or topics itself so when you get chance to start back writing then it will be very easy for you to get the ball rolling.
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Can you see the faces of millions of fathers and mothers of the faith of Israel preparing the Passover meal for their families over the past centuries? The gist of their time together occurs when the children ask "What do you mean by this observance?" (Exodus 12:26). Then the story is passed on, the story of God's great redemption of the people of Israel from the land of Egypt and bondage, the central feature of Israel's sacred history.
Don't you sometimes wish you were one of those two individuals who were walking to the town of Emmaus, recalling the sorrowful events of Jesus' execution? All of a sudden, another man joins the twosome. He listens to them. When they were done, he begins to pass on how the life of the crucified Messiah fits well within the teachings found in the books of Moses and the prophets (Luke 24:13-35).
The twosome next invite their friend into their home. They break bread with him as they speak together. And their eyes are "open." They now know who was with them. All is beginning to make sense as they share a meal with him. Luke notes that their hearts were "burning" as Jesus opened the Scriptures to them — and passed along what God has been accomplishing through these sacred events.
Think of the face of Mary sitting at the feet of the teacher, Jesus. Remember the face of Elijah handing his mantle to the one he has journeyed with, Elisha. Think of Paul mentoring young Timothy.
This issue zeros in on what I call the "Stewardship and Education of Leadership for Church Vocations and Laity." How are our leaders, both ordained and lay, passing on the gift of the gospel to others, both ordained and lay, so they can pass it on to others? We educate, we form faith, and we make disciples, baptizing them in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit and teaching them all what Jesus Christ has taught us.
In this print and online issue:
We are still called to "pass it on" and make disciples of all nations as we serve God's gospel and mission in Christ through the various vocational calls God has given us to serve our neighbors in the church and world.
The question is: what will our forms of education and discipleship look like in the years to come? What will it look like at the national and regional levels? What will it look like in our local congregations?
William Decker is editor of Lutheran Partners and Lutheran Partners Online, Chicago, Illinois.
The ELCA study on genetics, titled "Genetics and Faith: Power, Choice, and Responsibility
," is an important resource for congregational use. The study is part of the process of developing a social statement on genetics. The first draft of the social statement will be available late this coming Winter.Green Retreat
Diaconal Minister Kim Winchell will lead a retreat called "Greening our Spirits, Greening our World" set for June 28-July 4, 2010, at the Casa del Sol Spirituality & Retreat Center, Ghost Ranch Retreat Center, Abiquiu, New Mexico. Register online at www.ghostranch.org
. Click on the link for Casa del Sol and find instructor's name in the drop down listing.
This article appeard in the September / October issue of Lutheran Partners (vol. 25, no. 5).
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An anadromous, year-round creek fed by springs and runoff, Fauntleroy Creek is on the West
Seattle peninsula, across Elliott Bay from downtown Seattle, Washington, USA. It drops 300 feet
in elevation over its one-mile course from wetlands in Fauntleroy Park to Puget Sound, due north
of the ferry pier in Fauntleroy Cove. Thanks to Fauntleroy Park, smaller park spaces, and an
undeveloped city right-of-way, much of the creek corridor is in public ownership.
Water Volume and Quality
Discharge is typically .5 cubic feet per second. During heavy rain, it increases to as much as 4
cubic feet per second. Water temperature (about 50o F. year round) and dissolved oxygen are
healthy for salmonids and aquatic insects. As in other urban creeks, fecal coliform bacteria,
primarily from pet waste, are an ongoing pollution concern.
Historically a habitat for cutthroat trout, the creek has provided nurturing habitat for coho
salmon since 1991, when schoolchildren began releasing fry reared through the statewide Salmon
in the Classroom program. Coho have spawned in the lower creek between Halloween and
Thanksgiving since 1994; the number has ranged from 0 to nearly 200, principally dependent on
nearshore and ocean conditions, as well as predation.
Cove Park and Lincoln Park provide the public with glimpses of nearshore habitat in Fauntleroy
Cove, where juvenile salmon come from far and near for food and protection as they prepare for
their time in open water.
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How to fix a household crisis
Economics is a field in crisis. The failure to prevent or even predict the global financial meltdown is a sure sign of this fact. Over the last few decades, a number of body blows have dented the credibility of mainstream economists. But the utter failure to foresee the financial fiasco was like a Muhammad Ali knockout punch to the jaw. The crisis of credibility is due to the disconnect between what’s happening in the real world and what’s offered in the classroom and economics journals. For confirmation of the disconnect, witness the Dynamite Prize dished out by the Real-World Economics Review to “honor” those economists most responsible for blowing up the global economy.
Not to be outdone, ecology is also a field in crisis. This crisis, however, is not about credibility. Instead, ecology’s crisis stems from the seemingly insurmountable nature of the problems faced by its practitioners. Imagine going to work each day and having to confront mounds of malaise-inducing evidence of ecological decline, from species extinctions to habitat loss to climate destabilization (just to name a few). It’s a testament to their dedication that they even show up for work. Many who do show up tend to focus on localized problems or minor information gaps as entire ecological systems crumble around them. Who can blame them? It’s daunting and maybe even depressing to walk out on the tracks and try to stop a train that’s bearing down at full speed. So instead, they work on a small section of track, hoping to keep the train from derailing for a bit longer.
Wordsmiths will recognize that the names of these two crisis-riddled fields share a common root – oikos, the Greek word for household. So basically, our entire household is in a state of crisis, and it’s threatening the health of the family, the cat, the dog, the yard, and the whole neighborhood. When there’s a serious problem in your household, the best course of action is to figure out the cause of the problem, make a plan to address that cause, and take concrete steps to implement your plan.
Step 1 – Figure out the cause.
The cause of the crisis in our two “households” is the pursuit of perpetual economic growth. From the ecological perspective, the household cannot thrive if its support structure is always under pressure to provide increasing resources for a growing economy. Unsustainable liquidation of natural resources to produce ever more stuff is no way to run a household. From the economic perspective, the household will fall if it is built on a faulty financial foundation. In a financial system that requires exponential growth, claims on wealth (money) will inevitably surpass the availability of real wealth (actual goods and services), and a collapse is bound to follow. Societal commitment to growing a bigger economy, including the commitment to a financial system geared for such growth, is the root cause of the ecological and economic crisis.
Step 2 – Make a plan.
For their part, economists will have to recognize and accept the inevitable limits to growth, and get to work on the institutions and policies needed for a prosperous steady state. Ecologists will have to get more involved in economic affairs and be prepared to inform policy makers about the best scientific information on resource resilience. Such shifts within the disciplines of economics and ecology will require professors to teach different material, students to get a broader education, and practitioners to collaborate with one another. These are huge shifts that call for the two households to break down some walls and unite under one roof. Fortunately, Herman Daly, Robert Costanza, and plenty of other inspiring thinkers have given us a substantial start on building the combined household of ecological economics. There has been a tendency to think of ecological economics as a sub-discipline or specialty of economics, but that is entirely inadequate for addressing the root cause of the crises. We need to think of ecological economics as an evolution of the two disciplines – an integrative game-changer.
Step 3 – Take concrete steps.
Organizations that support ecological economics and the steady state are on the rise, but make no mistake – such groups can hardly be considered mainstream. CASSE is a tiny organization compared to the anachronistic Club for Growth. The U.S. Society for Ecological Economics doesn’t have the clout of the American Economic Association. Let’s make CASSE more influential than the Club for Growth. Let’s make the USSEE more influential that the AEA.
When we increase our members and solidify our base of support, we’ll have the political power to begin turning concepts from ecological economics into policies. Then we can commence the tough job of repairing our household. We’ll get the family into counseling. We’ll take the cat and dog to see the vet. We’ll tear up the ornamental grass in the yard, restore some habitat and plant a garden. Pretty soon the neighborhood will feel like a community shared by all who live there.
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LONG BEACH — Port officials agreed Tuesday to expand a green wall project to shield neighborhoods from the thousands of trucks and vehicles that travel along the Terminal Island (103) Freeway.
The Port of Long Beach Harbor Commission unanimously agreed to pay $180,000 toward the expansion and further study of the Terminal Island Freeway Green Wall Project championed by Long Beach City Councilman James Johnson, whose 7 th District includes the most affected neighborhoods.
Thousands of trucks carrying cargo from the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach pass by residential neighborhoods each day in west Long Beach and elsewhere.
"Every other freeway - the 710, the 405, the 22 - has had a barrier protecting surrounding neighborhoods for decades," Johnson said in a letter read by his Chief of Staff Mike Clements. "The time has come for West Long Beach to have a barrier protecting quality of life just as all of these other neighborhoods have long enjoyed."
The 103 Freeway, which spans from Willow Street to the ports, used to be a highway for those heading to the former Long Beach Naval Shipyard and naval housing.
But as cargo movement rose, so did the presence of trucks.
Johnson has been working on a project to build a mulch barrier along the freeway from Willow Street to Pacific Coast Highway, where mainly Long Beach neighborhoods and schools border the 103. Two fences stuffed with tree trimmings collected from throughout the city would
Last year, the councilman was able to garner funding to build a 30-foot long section of wall. The funding approved by the commission Tuesday would allow the pilot wall to be extended another 600 feet, which would buffer the freeway from Hudson Park.
After the extension is built - which should be done within the next 60 days - the port will then test and study the safety and effectiveness of the wall, according to the staff report.
"We really want to find out how well it works, because they need something over there," said Commissioner Nick Sramek, who lives on the Westside.
Commissioner Rich Dines also lent his support.
"It's time we do something to protect our community," he said, adding that he is committed to a long-term goal of zero emission trucks.
After hearing about the board's approval, Johnson praised the board's support for this project.
"There are thousands of diesel truck trips every day on the Terminal Island Freeway with no barrier between it and nearby schools, veteran's facilities, park space, and homes," Johnson said in a statement. "This is a cost effective and environmentally friendly way to remedy a situation that should have been corrected long ago."
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Ready for the switchover?
Sign up to the Radio and Telly Newsletter for updates about digital TV in the UK
Looking to record digital TV? Chances are you either have a VHS video recorder, a DVD recorder, or a hard-disk recorder (known as a PVR).
PVRs: These are set-top boxes that have a built-in hard disk. They record onto the disk, not onto tape. Most PVRs are digital-ready. Satellite viewers can use the Sky+ box or a Freesat PVR, and Cable viewers can use the Virgin V+ box. Otherwise, there are PVRs with built-in Freeview receivers.
Video recorders: Videotape is slowly being phased out. Most VHS video recorders don't have Freeview, so will only be able to record after the switchover if they're connected to a digital set-top box (Freeview, Sky, Virgin, BT Vision, etc) via a SCART lead. Help on using a Video recorder.
DVD recorders: These will have either an analogue or a digital tuner built-in. Ones with a digital receiver can record Freeview when connected to a TV aerial (provided you're in a Freeview coverage area). Regardless of whether your recorder has analogue or digital built-in, it will still be able to record from a connected digital set-top box (e.g. Freeview, Sky, Cable or BT Vision) via a SCART lead.
Connecting in this way can limit you to only being able to record whatever you're watching - not record one digital channel whilst watching another.
One other problem is timed recording. You have to make sure the set-top box is tuned to the right channel, so that when the recorder starts recording, it gets the right show.
One option is to get a separate set-top box to connect to your recorder - so you can record a different channel to the one you're watching. A better option may be to get yourself a PVR (hard-disk recorder) - see below.
Some Digital TV sets with a built-in Freeview tuner support sending the TV's Freeview output via SCART socket to a connected DVD or VHS recorder. You should check your digital TV's manual to see how to get the Freeview output connected to a recorder.
Assuming your Digital TV supports sending Freeview via SCART, here's how to record:
There is a limitation with this option - you'll only be able to record whatever TV channel the TV is set to. To record one channel to VHS/DVD while watching another, you may want to consider getting a Freeview set-top box for connection to your recorder.
The most flexible option for recording digital TV is to get yourself a PVR.
Hard-disk recorders (PVRs) are great, and with video tape now being phased out - they offer a great way of recording and watching telly.
Another option is to consider getting a DVD recorder with a built-in Freeview receiver at some point before the analogue service gets switched off, or to look at a hard-disk recorder that allows you to record one channel while watching another.
For help on choosing a DVD Recorder suitable for the Digital Switch, see the FrequencyCast DVD Recorder page.
|Answer unclear? Let us know!|
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Two Israeli groups set up training courses in Wikipedia editing with aims to 'show the other side' over borders and culture
An Israeli flag in the former Gaza Strip settlement of Neve DekalimTwo Israeli groups have set up 'Zionist editing' courses with aims to alter perceptions about Israel. Photograph: David Silverman/Getty Images
Since the earliest days of the worldwide web, the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians has seen its rhetorical counterpart fought out on the talkboards and chatrooms of the internet.
Now two Israeli groups seeking to gain the upper hand in the online debate have launched a course in "Zionist editing" for Wikipedia, the online reference site.
Yesha Council, representing the Jewish settler movement, and the rightwing IsraelSheli (My I srael) movement, ran their first workshop this week in Jerusalem, teaching participants how to rewrite and revise some of the most hotly disputed pages of the online reference site.
"We don't want to change Wikipedia or turn it into a propaganda arm," says Naftali Bennett, director of the Yesha Council. "We just want to show the other side. People think that Israelis are mean, evil people who only want to hurt Arabs all day."
Wikipedia is one of the world's most popular websites, and its 16m entries are open for anyone to edit, rewrite or even erase. The problem, according to Ayelet Shaked of Israel Sheli, is that online, pro-Israeli activists are vastly outnumbered by pro-Palestinian voices. "We don't want to give this arena to the other side," she said. "But we are so few and they are so many. People in the US and Europe never hear about Israel's side, with all the correct arguments and explanations."
Like others involved with this project, Shaked thinks that her government is "not doing a very good job" of explaining Israel to the world.
And on Wikipedia, they believe that there is much work to do.
Take the page on Israel, for a start: "The map of Israel is portrayed without the Golan heights or Judea and Samaria," said Bennett, referring to the annexed Syrian territory and the West Bank area occupied by Israel in 1967.
Another point of contention is the reference to Jerusalem as the capital of Israel – a status that is constantly altered on Wikipedia.
Other pages subject to constant re-editing include one titled Goods allowed/banned for import into Gaza – which is now being considered for deletion – and a page on thePalestinian territories.
Then there is the problem of what to call certain neighbourhoods. "Is Ariel a city or a settlement?" asks Shaked of the area currently described by Wikipedia as "an Israeli settlement and a city in the central West Bank." That question is the subject of several thousand words of heated debate on a Wikipedia discussion thread.
The idea, says Shaked and her colleauges, is not to storm in, cause havoc and get booted out – the Wikipedia editing community is sensitive, consensus-based and it takes time to build trust.
"We learned what not to do: don't jump into deep waters immediately, don't be argumentative, realise that there is a semi-democratic community out there, realise how not to get yourself banned," says Yisrael Medad, one of the course participants, from Shiloh.
Is that Shiloh in the occupied West Bank? "No," he sighs, patiently. "That's Shiloh in the Binyamin region across the Green Line, or in territories described as disputed."
One Jerusalem-based Wikipedia editor, who doesn't want to be named, said that publicising the initiative might not be such a good idea. "Going public in the past has had a bad effect," she says. "There is a war going on and unfortunately the way to fight it has to be underground."
In 2008, members of the hawkish pro-Israel watchdog Camera who secretly planned to edit Wikipedia were banned from the site by administrators.
Meanwhile, Yesha is building an information taskforce to engage with new media, by posting to sites such as Facebook and YouTube, and claims to have 12,000 active members, with up to 100 more signing up each month. "It turns out there is quite a thirst for this activity," says Bennett. "The Israeli public is frustrated with the way it is portrayed abroad."
The organisiers of the Wikipedia courses, are already planning a competition to find the "Best Zionist editor", with a prize of a hot-air balloon trip over Israel.
There are frequent flare-ups between competing volunteer editors and obsessives who run Wikipedia. As well as conflicts over editing bias and "astroturfing" PR attempts, articles are occasionally edited to catch out journalists; the Independent recently erroneously published that the Big Chill had started life as the Wanky Balls festival. In 2005 the founding editorial director of USA Today, John Seigenthaler, discovered his Wikipedia entry included the claim that he was involved in the assassination of JFK.
Editors can remain anonymous when changing content, but conflicts are passed to Wikipedia's arbitration committee. Scientology was a regular source of conflict until the committee blocked editing by the movement.
Critics cite the editing problems as proof of a flawed site that can be edited by almost anybody, but its defenders claim the issues are tiny compared with its scale. Wikipedia now has versions in 271 languages and 379 million users a month.
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Originating in Chile the Aracuana breed is characterised by tufts of feathers growing out on either side of the head like ‘mutton chops’. The Aracuana has a Small pea comb, very small bright red wattles and ear lobes. The ancestors of the modern Araucana chicken were purportedly first bred by the Araucanian Indians of Chile — hence the name “Araucana.” The Araucana is a hybrid of two South American breeds: the Collonca (a naturally blue-egg laying, rumpless, clean-faced chicken) and the Quetro (a pinkish-brown egg layer that is tailed and has ear-tufts). The Collonca male and female are very similar, with very few secondary sexual characteristics like comb, wattles or tail coverts to distinguish them. The European equivalent of the North American show standard variety Araucana is what one comes across in South American villages. Quechua and Mapuche do not have tufts and resemble the Ameraucana. The current world wide Araucana Standard (except North America) indicates a medium to large sized chicken with a tail that lays bluish-green eggs. Specific features are feather ear tufts, muffs and beards, with a very much reduced comb, a small feather crest and a complete absence of wattles. The current North American standard calls for a chicken that is rumpless (missing their last vertebrae and lacking a tail), possesses ear-tufts (feathers that grow out from near the birds’ ears), and lays blue eggs. In the United States and Canada, muffs, beards, and tails are all disqualifications.
The Aracuana comes in a wide variety of colours from black, white, lavender to blue – red.
|Hen||2.3 – 2.7 Kg|
Bantam Variety Aracuana
|Rooster||740g – 850 g|
Blue or green
This unique presentation shows the fundamental structure and anatomy of the chicken
Now released in the App Store. Developed by the Poultry CRC. Have fun while learning about what makes a good egg.
Download for free in Australia
These lists contain organisations and individuals associated with the Australian poultry industry
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We had the wonderful opportunity to meet Julia M. Usher in person last month at CookieCon. She was there as a sponsor and instructor, and did an awesome demonstration on cookie stenciling and 3D cookie design and construction. On top of that, she’s simply a very nice person. So when she told us she had some lessons available online, we were very excited to watch them.
Well, now that we’ve watched every second of each of her 16 video tutorials we can tell you that they are awesome!
The lessons are based off of her book “Ultimate Cookies”. But even if you have the book, it’s so useful to actually see the techniques she shows in video format. She covers a LOT of techniques too! She starts with the basics making icing, cutting out cookies, making parchment cones, her favorite tools, and then outlining and flooding. Then she gets into all sorts of fun stuff like marbling, stenciling, using rubber stamps on cookies, applique work, wafer paper, and more.
One of the coolest things about Julia and her decorating philosophy is that she’s a minimalist when it comes to tools. That means that she’ll show you how to get the very most out of very basic and inexpensive equipment. Seriously – you can spend a small fortune on tips, and bags, and couplers, and squeeze bottles… or check out all that Julia does with a sheet of parchment paper. It really is amazing – and VERY encouraging to anyone wanting to learn how to decorate. It really doesn’t take much to do some very beautiful work.
So these are videos you need to pay for to view, but they are WELL worth the very reasonable price. You can actually just pick and choose the individual lessons for a couple bucks a piece, but the price for the whole set is a meager $12.99. It gives you plenty of time to watch them too, so you can look back and review specific lessons at your leisure.
So yeah, this gets an easy two thumbs up from us. Karen’s Cookies has always been about being the best resource we can to budding cookie artists, so we simply cannot pass up the opportunity to give Julia M. Usher and her Ultimate Cookie Decorating Series our full endorsement and encourage you to check her out.
Julia’s video series can be purchased securely and viewed through Youreeeka.com. Click here or on the image below to check out a free preview.
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Entering the year 2012 many things to do, including trying to use alternative energy sources for electricity in your home or apartment. A study at the University of Notre Darme develop solar panels on the wall paint. A team of Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have made a major advance toward this vision by creating an inexpensive “solar paint” that uses semiconducting nano particles to Produce Energy.
“We want to do something transformative, to move beyond current silicon-based solar technology,” says Prashant Kamat, John A. Zahm Professor of Science in Chemistry and Biochemistry and an investigator in Notre Dame’s Center for Nano Science and Technology (NDnano), WHO leads the research.
“By incorporating power-producing nanoparticles, Called quantum dots, into a spreadable compound, we’ve made a one-coat paint That diesel can be applied to any conductive surface without special equipment.”
The team’s search for the new material, described in the journal ACS Nano, centered on nano-sized particles of titanium dioxide, coated with the which were the resource persons either cadmium sulfide or cadmium selenide. The particles were the resource persons then suspended in a water-alcohol mixture to create a paste.
When the paste was brushed onto a transparent conducting material and exposed to light, it created electricity.
“The best light-to-energy conversion efficiency we’ve reached so far is 1 percent, the which is well behind the usual 10 to 15 percent efficiency of commercial silicon solar cells,” explains Kamat.
“But this paint can be made cheaply and in large quantities. If We Can Improve the efficiency somewhat, We May be Able to Make a real difference in meeting energy needs in the future.”
“That’s why we’ve christened the new paint, Sun-Believable,” he adds.
Kamat and his team also plan to study Airways to Improve the stability of the new material.
ND nano is one of the leading nano technology centers in the world. Its mission is to study and Manipulate the properties of materials and devices, as well as Their interfaces with living systems, at the nano-scale.
If this product has been manufactured commercially then our dependence on electricity can be saved. Let’s wait the mass production of these paints.
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Everyday Food editor Sarah Carey teaches you the best techniques for scoring fluffy, delicious mashed potatoes.
In a large pot, cover potatoes by 2 inches with salted water. Bring to a boil; reduce to a simmer and cook until potatoes are tender, about 12 minutes. Drain thoroughly and pass potatoes through a ricer or food mill into pot.
Over low heat, add butter and stir until melted. Continue to cook, stirring constantly, until potatoes are stiff, about 1 minute. Gradually add cream, stirring constantly to combine. Using a rubber spatula, pass potatoes through a fine-mesh sieve. Season with salt and pepper.
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Susie Spindler is one of those names that those in the coffee industry “just know.” After a successful foray of marketing positions within the coffee industry, co-founding Cup of Excellence (CoE) and now serving as the Executive Director of The Alliance for Coffee Excellence, Inc.(ACE), Susie Spindler is perhaps one of the most influential people in the specialty coffee industry.
At this point, Spindler is probably best known for her work with CoE, “a competition-auction program which has fundamentally changed the discovery, reward and industry transparency for top specialty coffee micro lots” which is owned and managed by ACE a U.S. based non-profit organization.
The first competition for what became Cup of Excellence (which at that time was Best of Brazil) was held in 1999 to celebrate the individual producers of high quality Arabica coffee and introduce these high quality Brazilian coffees to the specialty market in the United States. However, the way to reward the winning farmer was still under debate. “An award certificate just doesn’t buy groceries; we really needed to put money into this” says Spindler. Therefore, they decided that the winning farmer would earn a financial reward.
To fund a monetary prize, CoE held an internet auction to sell the competition coffees despite initial doubt throughout the coffee chain. “The farmers also thought we were crazy, it wasn’t just everyone else who thought we were crazy. They didn’t think anybody was going to buy coffee on an internet auction, and they were wrong.”
In 1999, the winning Cup of Excellence coffee was auctioned off for $2.60/lb. In the most recent competition in 2010, the winning coffee went for $28.00, (although, historically a top coffee for Cup of Excellence has garnered almost four times this amount).
You may be thinking, “Wait, $28.00 for a pound of coffee or more? Will people really be willing to pay that much for coffee?”
Spindler responds, “I think that so often we are afraid of consumers and we don’t give them credit for being willing to pay more for better quality. I really don’t think consumers who are educated and love coffee would back away from price increases for great coffees with transparency and farm identification” says Spindler. “Moreover,” she adds “I think there is a huge move in the world for consumers to know where their food comes from and to build a relationship with farmers.”
According to Spindler, “if the money goes straight to the farmers, it benefits the entire community’s rural development. It’s bottom up economics, the farmers then send their kids to school or they increase their farm size, or they spend the money locally etc.”
Cup of Excellence, The Alliance for Coffee Excellence and The Global Coffee Quality Research Initiative (GCQRI), share this philosophy. To develop the specialty coffee industry it is imperative to provide farmers with the necessary resources to achieve a reasonable quality of life. This commitment to the farmer is reflected in the GCQRI Guiding Principles which state, “Everything we do MUST enhance the livelihoods of the producers who are the stewards of both quality and productivity. If we lose them, we lose the game and future of the industry.”
Spindler further explains that if we do not continue to reward the specialty coffee farmers for their labor as green prices rise; there is a real risk that the quality of coffee will start coming down. “Why would a farmer take the extra effort to create the kind of quality that the specialty roasters need when they can get a sufficient amount of money for coffees that are not so resource intensive? Why would they do that? I mean I am not sure I would” explains Spindler. “Although there are a lot of coffee farmers that I have met who would put in the extra effort just because they have so much pride in their farm, their work and in their family name. Coffee farmers are pretty amazing.”
More importantly, Spindler warns, “consumption follows quality.” She elucidates, “If you continue to dumb down quality because green prices are high, there is the risk that consumption might fall.” Therefore, for producers, roasters, researchers, consumers and the industry, the maintenance of quality coffee is the key to ensuring the strength of the coffee industry.
GCQRI has identified research as an essential component of improved quality and quantity of specialty coffee globally along with the livelihoods of the people that produce it. Spindler believes that by providing access to research, GCQRI can improve the lives of farmers, “by helping them make better decisions for their land and livelihood.”
“In the big picture, if with research and development we can level out these boom-bust (supply- demand) cycles it will alleviate stress for these farmers. They will have a better idea what their future is going to be, and they will have the tools and income to choose to make coffee a part of their family for the next ten years. In fact, this is probably true of the roasters and retailers as well” says Spindler.
“All we can do with good research is to provide solid information that helps everyone make better choices about what to do with their resources, their time and ultimately their lives” adds Spindler.
Susie Spindler is Executive Director of The Alliance for Coffee Excellence, Inc. (ACE) a global organization with membership and support from companies in over 50 countries. ACE is dedicated to projects that enhance the appreciation of top coffee and the farmers that produce them. She was the co-creator of the Cup of Excellence® (COE) competition-auction program which has fundamentally changed the discovery, reward and industry transparency for top specialty coffee micro lots.
She has years of coffee producer and consumer marketing related experience having worked for the ICO on consumer marketing projects and on several NGO projects at origin. She has managed marketing research programs, been president of a small advertising agency and was an executive of a grizzly bear facility. She holds a graduate degree from The Thunderbird Graduate School of International Management.
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US 20020069028 A1
The conditions to which objects are subjected to over a period of time are monitored by placing a sensing device in or near the object which is of concern. This sensing device senses a relevant environmental parameter (for example heat, humidity, light, radiation, acceleration, etc.) at periodic intervals and records an indication of the magnitude of the environmental parameter. The sensing device is read by a computer input device, and the logged environmental data is downloaded onto a computer connected with a computer data network having at least one web server. The log data from the computer is sent over the data network to the server and a script on the server converts the data into an appropriate format data file, and transmits it to a business computer.
1. A method of monitoring conditions to which an object is subjected over a period of time, said method comprising:
placing a sensing device in, on, or in the vicinity of the object for said period of time, said sensing device being movable with the object;
sensing an environmental parameter of the object with the sensing device for at least a plurality of moments in said period of time;
logging in a data recording component in the sensing device a record relating to magnitude of the environmental parameter for said sensing during said moments;
receiving in a computer system from said sensing device after the period of time log data from the logged records in the data recording component; and
creating on the computer a log data file containing said log data.
2. The method of
transmitting the log data file from the computer over a computer data network to a server thereon.
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22. A system for monitoring conditions to which an object is subjected by locating a sensing device located near or in the object and periodically sensing an environmental parameter to which the object is subjected, said sensing device having a data storage to which log data relating to said sensing is recorded, said system comprising:
a computer connected with a reading device that reads the log data from the sensor device, said computer downloading the log data from said sensing device and converting said log data to a data file; and
a record system communicating with the web server, said record system receiving the server log data file, storing the data therefrom and producing said data on request in a form to establish a history of environmental influences on the object.
23. The system of
the computer having a link connecting with a computer data network; and
the computer accessing a web server over the network so as to activate a script, said script converting the log data to a server log data file formatted for transmission over a data network.
24. The system of
25. The system of
said record system including an ERP system processing the data and transmitting display data derived therefrom.
26. The system of
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30. The system of
said display data including data derived from the data downloaded from said further sensing devices.
This invention relates to the field of monitoring products as they are processed or transported, and especially to a system for monitoring the environment that goods are subjected to during processing or transport.
As is well known, goods that are sensitive to environmental factors, e.g., temperature, are commonly processed within a facility or they are transported, sometimes substantial distances, between locations, especially between the seller and the buyer. Examples of such perishable goods are various types of food, medical materials which are vulnerable to changes in temperature, and also many chemicals which can easily deteriorate when conditions are not optimal.
Conventionally when goods are perishable or vulnerable to environmental influences, the seller has a transport specification which defines the nature and quality of transport which is appropriate for the goods. The seller provides with the goods that are shipped from his installation a quality certificate that represents that the goods were of acceptable quality when they left his control.
Subsequently, the buyer receives the goods, relying primarily on the carrier for having transported them appropriately. Unfortunately, even where the workers handling goods, or the carrier transporting them, are very careful, environmental factors such as sudden rises in temperature, physical shocks, leakage, humidity, etc., can harm the goods.
The prior art offers no way of monitoring what happens to vulnerable goods during their transport, except by fairly uninformative methods, such as the simple physical sealing of a door of a refrigerated railroad car, for instance.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide for a system of monitoring the conditions to which objects are subjected, particularly while they are being processed or transported.
According to the system of the present invention, the environmental conditions to which objects are subjected over a period of time are monitored by placing a sensing device in or near the object which is of concern. This sensing device is movable with the object and senses a relevant environmental parameter (for example heat, humidity, light, radiation, acceleration, etc.) at periodic intervals and records an indication of the magnitude of the environmental parameter sensed. This indication data is stored in a memory log in the sensing device, and then, at some point after processing (e.g., when the buyer receives the product), the sensing device is read by a computer input device, and the logged environmental data is downloaded onto a computer.
According to an aspect of the invention, the receiving computer is connected with a computer data network having at least one web server. When the log data is received, the computer accesses this web server so as to cause a script to run thereon. The log data from the computer is sent over the data network and the script on the server converts this data file into a suitable format for transmission over the network, preferably, a markup language format data file, such as an XML file. The web server then transmits the markup language format data file of the logged environmental data to a business computer that records or otherwise processes this information for appropriate administration of this object as part of its general data.
Preferably, the business system that receives the data transmitted from the web server comprises a business communications processor connected with an enterprise management system, e.g., a backend Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) business control system, which can efficiently process and store data for a large number of articles in process, and which can provide display information to a user relating to the type of material in the object, its environmental parameters, and information regarding associated articles, such as those in the same shipment.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the specification herein.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic of the overall system by which the environmental influences on a product can be monitored using the systems and methods of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor device as used in the preferred embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the cooperation of the various parts of the system.
FIG. 4 shows a sample display screen for data derived for an object processed according to the invention.
FIG. 5 shows a sample HTML display screen mode available from the server according to the present invention.
Handling and shipment of perishable, vulnerable or fragile goods presents a number of problems with respect to any damage thereto. Potentially, for example, a seller could be blamed for deterioration of goods which were actually damaged in transit by carrier who is responsible for the damage. The present system provides for “aware goods” in an intelligent supply chain which overcomes this potential problem.
According to the present invention, a number of objects, preferably a very large number of objects, are each to be processed for a respective period of time, and environmental data for these objects is to be monitored during those periods. Ideally, where the product is kept or transported in a box or container such as container 3 in FIG. 1, the box or container is provided with a sensing device 5 therein, or, when this is not practical, attached to the outside of the container or supported nearby so as to be essentially in the same environment as the object being monitored.
The sensing device 5 is preferably a sensing device such as is sold by ESYS GmbH, a company located in Berlin, Germany.
As can be seen in FIG. 2, the sensing device 5 of the preferred embodiment has an internal structure which comprises a sensor portion 7 connected with a processing circuit 9. The sensor 7 may detect any of a variety of environmental parameters. These can include, for example, temperature, motion, vibration or acceleration, light (whether visible or non-visible), radiation, or other types of waves of the environment such as RF signals or even sound waves. In addition, the sensor may detect the presence of one or more chemical substances, or may sense the humidity level in the environment of the sensing device 5. Most commonly, however, it is believed that this sensor will be a temperature sensor, because temperature is a particularly damaging factor to a large number of chemicals.
Circuitry 9 preferably runs a duty cycle so that it periodically accesses sensor 7 and determines the magnitude of whatever environmental parameter, such as temperature, is being monitored. The cycle interval may range from about once every second to once every several hours. The determination magnitude may be expressed in any variety of ways, although, a numerical value is particularly preferred.
Alternatively, other parameter-dependant logging methods might be used. For example, where a large amount of data is expected, the data stored may be a single bit derived by a test of whether the environmental parameter exceeds a preset threshold, e.g., when the temperature has exceeded a threshold temperature value, a “1” is logged, and to indicate that the temperature is below the threshold, a “0” is stored.
When the sensor data is processed by the circuitry 9, a record of the indication of magnitude reading of the sensor 7 is logged in data log memory 11 in the sensing device 5. Memory 11 in the preferred embodiment is a data storage area or cache in the device 5 with approximately 32 KB of usable memory, which is a suitable amount of storage for most applications.
As best seen in FIG. 1, when the product reaches the user, the sensing device 5 is removed from the container or from the vicinity of the object 3 for processing by an input computer generally indicated at 13. Computer 13 preferably includes an input device 15 which interrogates the sensing device 5, and the environmental log data from the logged records of the memory component 11 is downloaded to the computer 13.
The computer has a communications link 17 to computer data network 20. The computer data network 20 connects with a number of servers thereon including a web server 21 as well as a business system for data processing relating to the products in question generally indicated at 23. This business management system preferably comprises a business communications processor 25, also connected with the computer data network 20, and a management system such as an ERP back-end system 27 connected with the business communications processor 25 for receiving and processing the data that the communications processor 25 receives.
The reading device 15 is preferably an infrared reader. This reading device 15 transmits an infrared signal which is received by sensing device 5 and causes the sensing device 5 to send the stored environmental data log by wireless infrared transmission back to the reading device 15. This may take several seconds, especially if the entire memory of 32 KB or larger is being downloaded.
The sensing device 5 preferably has a unique respective identification number which is read as part of the downloaded data, or before or after the download, to identify exactly which sensing device 5 is being read, for the purposes of identifying the precise shipment the specific sensing device was assigned to.
The flow of data among the components of the overall system is illustrated in the schematic flowchart of FIG. 3. Measurements are accumulated in the sensing device 5 (step 31) and downloaded wirelessly by infrared to computer 13. Alternatively, another wireless protocol, such as, e.g., Bluetooth data link, may be used for downloading the environmental data log.
The data log is downloaded into the computer 13, which converts the data log into a format which can be efficiently transmitted over network 20. Particularly preferred for this transmission is a markup language format such as an XML file. In this format, a fairly large file can be more readily transmitted over a local area network or another computer data network. Also, the markup language XML provides a data format that can easily be interpreted by human beings, and also is configured to be readable as a business-to-business (“B2B”) exchange standard by other third-party software. Because markup language files, including XML files, are transferable by the standard internet protocol http, these files can be easily distributed as desired through the network.
The web server 21 has a script that it runs responsive to being accessed by the computer 13 in step 34. This script is preferably a CGI script written in Perl, and, when run, it cooperates with computer 13 to receive the data log file which the computer has prepared from the data log downloaded from device 5, and if the file is not already in such a format, converts or maps it into a more appropriate format for transmission to the business system 23 (step 35).
The format of this file is also preferably a markup language format file, and most preferably a XML file. Again, this allows for flexibility in transmitting the data through a data network to the business processing system 23. The business processing system 23 translates the open and non-proprietory *ML data formate into ERP specific format and allows full bi-directional communication.
The web server 21 script also preferably prepares a HTML page containing a summary of the recorded environmental parameters, identifying numbers, business data, and any other information relating to the article. This HTML page can be accessed by any computer with browser on the network 20, and the user can view the HTML summary on a web page on his or her browser. An example of such a summary that would be expressed in the HTML is shown in FIG. 5.
When the web server 21 has converted the data to an appropriate XML or *ML data file, the data is transmitted over a network to the business communications processor 25. Most preferably, the incoming ML file is converted by the business communications processor into parameters of a remote function call which is transmitted to the ERP back-end system 27.
The data network connecting the server 21 to the business processing system 23 may be network 20 that connects the computer 13 to server 21, or it may be a separate network.
Alternatively, the function of web server 21 and the business connector 25 actions can be contained in a single computer system instead of two systems connected by the network. Where a single system is used, the computer downloads data from the sensor 5 and converts this data directly to a markup language file, preferable an XML file using software internal to the single computer, and consequently, no CGI script is necessary. This file is then sent over the network 20 directly to business connector 25. The computer 13 can also generate the HTML summary page to be accessed thereon over network 20. This arrangement increases the computational load on the read-out computer 13, but also eliminates the delay of communication with separate server 21 over network 20 and the attendant data conversion.
Preferably, the management system is an ERP backend system 27 such as the R/3 system sold by SAP AG of Walldorf, Germany, and the business communications processor is the Business Connector, also provided by SAP AG as part of the R/3 system.
The ERP backend system 27 records the data which is transmitted thereto in an appropriate mass storage device. In addition, the ERP system 27 accesses any records relating to the shipment of goods, such as, e.g., other containers shipped at the same time as container 3, and produces from this data a report, such as the one shown in FIG. 4, which is transmitted back through the system for display on the monitor of computer 13, or on any other computer monitor communicating with the ERP system.
The report preferably includes details identifying the product in field 41, which, in the exemplary display, is the temperature sensitive product Beriglobin. Additional information is also provided in the display relating to the environmental parameter monitored (field 43), and the stability and environmental requirements of the given product (field 45). The display also preferably shows a summary of results for all related containers of a given group processed or shipped together. In addition, the report contains the actual environmental history in tabular and graph form (fields 48 and 49) with respect to the environmental parameter that was detected by the sensor 5, for review by a human operator where appropriate.
It will, of course, be understood that a wide range of reports may be configured which disply information of particular interest depending on the specific product and environmental parameter.
It will also be understood that the data may be used in a number of management contexts, such as inventory control. One of the primary applications of the system of the invention, however, is to allow a shipper and a buyer to assess responsibility for damaged goods, and various verification systems and certificates incorporating data from the sensor may be used.
The terms used herein should be considered as terms of description, not limitation, as those of skill in the art with this disclosure before then will be able to make changes and modivications therein without departing from the spirit of the invention.
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The battle of Würzburg (3 September 1796) was the biggest victory won by the Archduke Charles in his successful campaign against the French invasion of Germany in 1796, and prevented General Jourdan from making a stand at any significant distance to the east of the Rhine. Over the course of the summer of 1796 General Jourdan and the Army of the Sambre-and-Meuse had advanced east from the Rhine, up the line of the Main, and by 20 August had reached the Naab, where they occupied the west bank while an Austrian army under General Wartensleben occupied the east bank. Further south the Army of the Rhine-and-Moselle under General Moreau had also advanced far into Germany, and on 24 August won a victory at Freidberg that allowed them to cross the River Lech and advance into Bavaria.
On the same day that Moreau won at Friedberg, Jourdan suffered a defeat at Amberg. The overall Austrian commander in Germany, the Archduke Charles, had decided to conduct a fighting retreat in the face of the two French armies, combine his own forces somewhere close to the Danube, and then turn on whichever French army was most vulnerable. In early August he decided that Jourdan would be his first target, and by 22 August he was approaching Jourdan's right-rear from the south-west. Jourdan attempted to retreat towards Nuremburg, but the Austrians intercepted him at Amberg, and he was forced to move north-west across the Franconian Switzerland (an upland area bounded on its south and east by the River Pegnitz) to reach the Main valley. The Archduke missed a number of chances to trap Jourdan in the hills, and on the Main around Bamberg, and on 31 August Joudran reached Schweinfurt.
At this point Jourdan was safe. West of Schweinfurt the Main runs through two massive loops, each one twenty miles long from north to south. The Archduke was approaching the southern end of the first of those loops, around Würzburg. A good route led west from Schweinfurt across the open northern ends of the two loops, passing through Gemünder am Main on its way to Hanau, just to the east of Frankfort. If Jourdan had followed that route then the Archduke would have been unable to prevent him from joining up with the French forces besieging Mainz, and potentially retrieving the entire French campaign in Germany.
Instead of moving west Jourdan decided to remain on the upper Main, and attempt to defeat the Archduke in battle. Although this decision ended in failure, Jourdan did have two good reasons for making it. As he retreated west he received orders from the French Directory to remain on the Rednitz. Although he had already retreated some way west from that river, the orders did make it clear that Jourdan was not to retreat to the Rhine. Jourdan had also received a message from Moreau in which he had promised to conduct a campaign in Bavaria in an attempt to force the Archduke to send reinforcements south. This was a perfectly credible plan, for in the aftermath of his victory at Amberg and Moreau's victory at Friedburg the Archduke had sent a large contingent south to support General Latour. If Moreau's move was to have any chance of success, then Jourdan had to remain as far east as possible.
When Jourdan decided to move south he didn't expect to fight a major battle at Würzburg. He knew that Hotz had reached the bridge over the Main at Kitzingen, but didn't know that he had advanced west to Würzburg in some strength, or that the French garrison of the city had been forced to take refuge in the citadel. Hotz had six infantry battalions and nine cavalry squadrons at Würzburg. Two battalions and four squadrons were blockading the citadel, and the rest of his force was posted on the Galgenberg, a hill to the east of the city. As the French advanced south they found another Austrian force, under General Sztaray, at Kürnach, and forced them to retreat. Jourdan was so confident that he left General Lefebvre's division in Schweinfurt, to watch a small Austrian force further east up the Main.
By the end of 2 September the French were in position to the north of Würzburg. Bernadotte's division, under the temporary command of General Simon, was at Lengfeld, just outside the city, with some troops in a ravine that covers the village. Championnet was next, on the heights in front of Kürnach, four miles to the north-east. Grenier was another few miles to the north-east at Unterpleichfeld. Bonnaud with the cavalry reserve was behind the main French line, at Maidbronn. Collaud's division was dissolved and its men incorporated into the other divisions to bring them up to strength.
When he realised that the French were advancing south towards Würzburg, the Archduke Charles rushed reinforcements to the potential battlefield. On 2 September the Austrians threw a bridge across the Main at Schwarzach, six miles to the north of the existing bridge at Kitzinger. On the night of 2-3 September General Kray's division crossed the Main, and during the day General Wartensleben followed him. The Austrians were thus at least twice a strong as Jourdan believed when he planned his attack. The Austrian troops already across the Main had also moved into a strong position, with Holz on the Galgenberg, Sztaray to his east at Rottendorf and Lichtenstein a little further to the east.
Unaware of the reinforcements flooding towards him from the east, Jourdan prepared to attack Hotz and Sztaray. The French line ran north-east from the edge of Würzburg up to Unterpleichfeld. On the right Bernadotte's division, under General Simon, was to guard against any attack from Hotz. General Bonnaud, with the cavalry reserve, was to attack support the right, and also to move against the Prince of Lichtenstein. In the French centre Championnet, from the heights between Lengfeld and Kürnach, was to capture the woods of Estenfeld (north of Sztaray's position at Rottendorf). On the left Grenier was to advance south-east from Unterpleichfeld towards Seligenstadt, advance around what Jourdan believed was the Austrians' right wing and threaten their communications with the bridge at Kitzingen.
The battlefield was covering in fog from three in the morning until eleven o'clock, hiding Charles's reinforcements from Jourdan for even longer. The battle began with an Austrian attack. Sztaray and Hotz advanced into the ravines around Lengfeld, and drove the French out of the village. Simon counterattacked, and by noon had restored the situation.
The overall course of the battle was simple. Jourdan advanced south-west towards Würzburg, expecting to overwhelm the small Austrian force he believed was in the city. By the time the fighting started the Austrians actually had most of their army on or close to the battlefield, and their line stretched east from Würzburg, across the toe of the loop in the Main to Dettelbach and the bridge at Schwarzach, and it would later extend north from Dettelbach. Not only did the Austrians outnumber the French, but they were also concentrated on the French left. The French held their ground for some time, but late in the afternoon their line was finally broken and Jourdan was forced to order the retreat.
The battle was decided on the French left. When Jourdan saw that Championnet was in trouble in the centre, he ordered Gernier to attack south to support him. The Archduke moved Kray's cavalry to counter this, and Ney, at Oberpleichfeld at the extreme left of the French line was soon in danger of being outflanked. Jourdan realised a crisis was developing, and moved Bonnaud with the cavalry reserve and Klein with the light cavalry to his left. At about the same time the Archduke moved General Wartensleben's heavy cavalry to his right.
When Bonnaud arrived on the left he discovered that he was outnumbered by the Austrian cavalry, and decided to try and fight his way out of the danger. At first the French had some success, but the Austrian numbers soon told. They were able to mass their reserves against Bonnaud's centre, and make a charge that swept away the French lines.
Jourdan was forced to order a retreat. Grenier's division, on the left, was ordered to act as a rearguard, and made a stand on a line a little to the north of Oberpleichfeld. This gave Simon and Championnet time to escape, but Grenier's division suffered heavy losses in the fighting. General Kray caught up with them at Dipbach and Heiligenthal, and overwhelmed their left flank. Grenier was forced to retreat west into Gramschatz forest, six miles to the west, but four of his companies were caught half way at Opferbaum. They formed squares, but were eventually overwhelmed by the Austrian cavalry.
The Archduke had won a famous victory. The French lost around 6,000 men, four times as many as the Austrians, but the Archduke missed the chance to complete the destruction of Jourdan's army. Rather than send his cavalry on a vigorous pursuit of the retreating French he wasted time forming his army into two lines of battle, a move which gave Jourdan time to make good his escape.
The Archduke was able to block Jourdan's best line of retreat to the Main, preventing him from moving to Hanau. The French were instead forced to retreat to Schluchtern, close to Fulda, and then to the Lahn. On 9 September the French crossed the Lahn at Wetzlar and Giessen, where Jourdan decided to make another unsuccessful stand.
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To ensure your cleansing experience is a positive one and that detoxification is truly effective, a personalized approach is of most importance. With the proper interpretation of your unique potential predispositions and understanding which organs are most likely to be involved in your toxicity status, your program recommendations will be based on factors such as:
Patient experience with cleansing and detoxifying
Past and current eating habits
Current health conditions and lifestyle
Patient potential strengths and weaknesses
Past and current patterns of elimination
In today’s fast-paced society, the refined foods we eat lack the bulk and fiber to create the cleansing and peristaltic motion to facilitate the movement of the food through the colon. Refined flour, hardened fats, high intake of sugar, lack of water, caffeine, antibiotics, and stress all contribute to poor colon health.
This type of lifestyle encourages plaque to adhere to the intestinal walls and covers over the villi, which are the feeder mouths that pick up nourishment from the food you eat. When these are covered over for many years the plaque becomes putrid and releases toxic, foul poisons back into the portal vein, which takes it to the liver. This poison is circulated throughout the entire system, weakening all the main organs of the body.
Upon the completion of an herbal cleansing program with colonics, you may experience the following physical changes:
Fewer reactions to foods
Less mucous discharge
Improved sinus conditions
Improved bowel elimination
Improved detoxification mechanism
Less headaches, backaches, joint and muscle aches
Less body odor
You will be able to confidently embark on a program along with guidelines on how to take the products (and how much), as well as to what food choices will help support the effectiveness of the cleanse.
Maintaining a professional relationship with you to ensure that the right cleanse is chosen is necessary to help meet your individual needs. Proper guidance before, during, and after a cleanse for optimum effectiveness will empower your experience.
Dr Bernard Jensen, DC, ND, Ph.D.
Many health problems may be associated with prolonged exposure to various toxic agents that our bodies may not be able to rid of completely. During periods of detoxification, certain nutrients are in increased demand to help transform toxic substances into harmless by-products for elimination from the body.
Based on the findings during the consultation, the nutritional products recommended and specifically formulated to assist the body with these important nutrients, are intended as a complement to an elimination diet (discovering your food sensitivities) to promote healthy detoxification processes. Their functions are far more involved than herbal cleansing formulas.
The nutritional formulas utilized in this program address all 3 phases of detoxification (2 from the liver, 1 from the kidneys), transforming fat-soluble toxic substances into water-soluble molecules which can then be excreted out of the body. This program will address liver detoxification and kidney pathways support and protection against free radical damage.
Depending on your specific needs, you may be recommended a 10-day or 28-day detox program along with other specific nutritional guidelines.
Prices vary based on specific program designed for patient needs.
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Flying V Faded
A certain aura of mystique surrounds the Gibson Flying V. A guitar well ahead of its time when it was introduced in 1958, the Flying V’s intense magnetic appeal, powerful sound, and unusually familiar shape have made it one of the most instantly recognizable guitars in the world. Legendary Gibson President Ted McCarty was looking to add a futuristic aspect to the company’s image when he introduced the Flying V, and he nailed it. And while some of the greatest guitar players of all-time—including Lonnie Mack and Albert King—immediately embraced the Flying V, it wasn’t until Gibson reintroduced the guitar in 1967 that the rest of the world caught on. Guitar Gods like Jimi Hendrix, Johnny Winter, Billy Gibbons, Michael Schenker, and Lenny Kravitz have all succumbed to the Flying V’s fascinating allure.
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Here is the entire Wikipedia article on this phrase:
"Dictated But Not Read" is a phrase used at the end of a text to warn that the written material has not been personally written or verified by the author. The material may have been dictated to a secretary when the author had no time to proofread or edit it.
This practice is more common within the medical community, though its appropriateness is still debated.
• BMJ (British Medical Journal)
If we turn back the clock
to 1 March 2007
(oh man, check out the maelstrom in that daynode), we can see the page as originally created. The creating user, whose only contribution to Wikipedia
was this single new page on that date, did so with the comment: "I have started this asrticle
as a stub. It's my first try at editing, sorry." I was taught never to apologize right off the bat
. That forgiven, you can see how similar yet watered down the current page is compared to the E1-ish glory of the original, despite the latter's lack of an exact definition of the phrase. Comparing the two, you can feel the slime in the nooks of the current version, rubbing off on your hands as you turn it over and examine it.
"Dictated but not read" is a phrase commonly used to sign off on correspondence where formality takes a backseat to speedy communications, or where such correspondence is routine. When this is not the case, it is a discourtesy to the recipient of the letter.1
This practice is used often within the medical community, though it's appropriateness is still under debate.2
1How to Win Friends and Influence People, by Dale Carnegie
2BMJ (British Medical Journal)
Don't get me wrong, I love Wikipedia, but in this case it failed.
Okay but who cares? This is the internet.
None of us, I presume, have secretaries to whom we dictate our nodes. So what good is DBNR to us? It isn't. But we have LBNR/LBNW: Linked But Not Read/Watched. LNBR is the more heinous of the two, and is used when an article is linked which was chosen for its title alone, but the linker has not read it. (If you just skimmed it, you could say LBNRE or LBNRT or LBNRC or ETC.) LBNW is a much more acceptable usage, and is employed with a YouTube (aut alia) video to indicate it was chosen based on its title (likely for the musical content) but that the user linking it has not watched the video. But don't take my word for it, because I just made up these abbreviations.
Love and peace,
(dictated but not read)
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Black chiffon evening dress with silver lace bodice, c. 1920. The dress has a fashionable low waist and a stunning long train. The asymmetrical neckline is ornamented with applied pearls; the skirt is slit up the side to the lace and is trimmed with silver metallic braid. It was worn by the donor’s mother, Ethel Sanford (1873-1924, Mrs. John Sanford), international socialite, or possibly by the donor. The one-shouldered styling and the long train are probably the work of one of the period’s top designers, however the dress is unlabeled.
Gift of Gertrude Sanford Legendre in 1979
At the time of the Legendre collection donation to The Charleston Museum, Cora Ginsburg was hired to appraise and identify the articles. Mrs. Ginsburg was one of the most respected authorities on antique textiles and clothing. Even after her death in 2003, the firm of Cora Ginsburg LLC is still one of the top in this field. Her comments on value and date of these items was most helpful to us for cataloging purposes. Regarding today’s black chiffon evening dress, Mrs. Ginsburg said “1920, unique”.
This gown is currently on exhibit in Charleston Couture.
TEXTILE TUESDAYS: Each Tuesday we post a piece from our textile collection. Some items have been on exhibit, some will eventually be shown in our new Historic Textiles Gallery and some may be just too fragile to display. We hope you enjoy our selection each week – do let us know if there’s something in particular you’d like to see on TEXTILE TUESDAY! #TextileTuesday
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The history of Danish ice core science
The birth of a new research field
The fundamental idea of using ice cores to study past climate was conceived by Willi Dansgaard in the early 1950s in the very same building where Centre for Ice and Climate is located today. In 1952, Willi Dansgaard had discovered that the amount of heavy oxygen isotopes in precipitation correlates with the temperature at the location where the precipitation is formed.
Realizing that the technique could be used to derive information on past climate conditions from layers of old precipitation stored in ice caps, Willi Dansgaard made the following statement in 1954:
In certain areas on the Greenland Ice Cap is a distinct layer formation
caused by melting in the summer season. On the supposition that the
character of the circulatory processes, in all essentials, have not varied
over a long period of time, the above, in the opinion of this author,
offers the possibility by measurements of the af (i.e. the amount of the
heavy oxygen isotope) in these layers of ice to determine climatic
changes over a period of time of several hundred years of the past. ...
An investigation will be undertaken as soon as the opportunity offers.
Willi Dansgaard, The O18-abundance in fresh water, Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta 6, 1954
Little did he expect that this idea would be the foundation of an entire branch of climate physics, leading to several ice core drilling projects that determined climatic changes not hundreds, but hundred thousands years of the past.
Testing the idea
During the 1950s and early 1960s, Willi Dansgaard made experiments with ice from icebergs picked up at the Greenland coast and precipitation samples from a global network of meteorological stations. He also obtained snow samples from the EGIG expedition that traversed the Greenland ice cap during the 2nd Polar Year 1957-58. All these measurements confirmed that the amount of heavy oxygen isotopes in precipitation samples correlates with temperature.
An opportunity offers
The final line of the quote above contains a good portion of wishful thinking, for how often does an opportunity to study layers of old ice in the Greenland ice cap show up?
Well, in this case, it actually did show up 12 years later! In 1964, Willi Dansgaard visited the American Camp Century base, build into the ice 100 miles from the Thule Air Base in NW Greenland. The purpose of the visit was to sample deep layers of snow for measurement of the 32Si content, but during the visit he learned that the US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) was drilling through the Greenland ice cap at Camp Century. However, he did not get to see the drilling, that was considered a military secret. Upon completion of the drilling, Willi Dansgaard applied for permission to perform oxygen isotope measurements on the Camp Century core. With the support of Dr. Chester C. Langway, Jr., from CRREL, permission was granted, and a long and fruitful scientific and logistical cooperation between Danish and American groups was thereby initiated.
The first climate curve from an ice core
Results from the analysis of the Camp Century ice core showed that past climate conditions could indeed be derived from ice cores.
The graph to the left shows the amount of heavy isotopes (given as a δ18O value) as a function of depth and age along the 1390 meter long ice core.
Low δ18O values are associated with low temperatures and vice versa, and the shift of δ18O values at 11-1200 m / 11,000 years is the shift from the glacial to the current interglacial.
Different episodes of past climate could be identified (red and black labels).
Although the results were impressive, the most important outcome from the analysis of the Camp Century ice core probably was the demonstration of the fact that ice core drilling and the oxygen isotope method were indeed viable ways of reconstructing past climate.
More ice coring
Backed up by the successful Camp Century results, Willi Dansgaard obtained access to the DYE-3 radar station on the ice cap in South Greenland, where the first purely scientifically motivated deep ice core drilling project was carried out from 1979 by an American-Swiss-Danish consortium. With the completion of the DYE-3 drilling in 1981 and the subsequent analysis of the core, ice core science was established as a cornerstone in the study of the climate of the past.
New centre, old traditions
Willi Dansgaard's research group has changed name several times, and Willi Dansgaard himself retired in 1992. The research group is now led by Professor Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, and turned into Centre for Ice and Climate following the 2007 grant from the Danish National Research Foundation.
- Willi Dansgaard's autobiographic book Frozen Annals.
- Chester C. Langway, Jr., tells his story in The history of early polar ice cores
- Lolck, M. 2005, Danish Ice Core Research 1952 - 1982, in Proceedings of the ICHM Conference From Beaufort to Bjerknes and Beyond: Critical Perspectives on the History of Meteorology, International Commission on the History of Meteorology.
- The booklet CRREL's first 25 years by Edmund A. Wright tells the background story of the Camp Century project and other of CRREL's activities.
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Parents of children with undiagnosed learning disorders, developmental deficits and congenital abnormalities face a host of psychological and social challenges.
These challenges are explored in detail in a reflective article in Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers, a peer-reviewed journal published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. (www.liebertpub.com). The article is available free online ahead of print at www.liebertpub.com/gtmb
An interview-based study of parents of children with undiagnosed disorders describes the parental experience as a "journey" comprised of an inner, emotional journey and an outer-world, sociological experience. Celine Lewis, from Genetic Alliance UK (London) and Heather Skirton and Ray Jones, from the University of Plymouth (UK), identify the primary components of this multifaceted journey in the article entitled "Living Without a Diagnosis: The Parental Experience." A commonly expressed theme among the study participants was the sense of frustration that is present throughout their experiences.
Many of the experiences described during the interviews are similar to those expressed by parents of children with known disabilities. These include the initial recognition and acceptance of the disorder and the process of pursuing a diagnosis, which are components of the inner journey. Additionally, shared social or outer-world experiences might include the interaction with members of the child's healthcare team and dealing with issues such as education and housing. The questioning and uncertainty associated with undiagnosed disorders in children adds another layer of complexity to the challenges these parents face, conclude the authors of the study.
"The article is a vivid illustration of the impact of a genetic disease, the benefit of a diagnosis, and the ongoing challenge of care to the patient and family after the diagnosis," says Kenneth I. Berns, MD, PhD, Editor-in-Chief of Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers, and Director of the University of Florida's Genetics Institute, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL.
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In mid-September, Brooks sent the atlas to Mississippi with a delegation from the Seattle chapter of the American Institute of Architects, which had been asked to help do damage assessment. The architects spent a week posting color-coded placards on public buildings—green, yellow or red, depending on the probable safety of each structure. Rachel Minnery, a member of the group, says that the atlas’s wind map was particularly useful. “You could definitely see Katrina’s path, and which buildings were damaged and which were not,” she says. “I think there’s a lot to be learned from what GIS has to offer.”While she was down there, Minnery says, she spent more time than she would have liked in her car, studying street maps on her laptop. Told of the fieldworker-friendly device that Randy Kemp hopes to design, she suggested an additional feature. “A compass would’ve been extremely helpful,” she says. “Because after a hurricane, you don’t have street signs, and your landmarks are half-destroyed. Even people that were familiar with the area had a really hard time navigating.”
In the coming months, Brooks and his volunteers will also be furnishing maps to teams of researchers from throughout the University—the recipients of small grants from the National Science Foundation. Immediately after Katrina, the foundation set aside some money for hurricane-related research to quickly capture valuable “ephemeral data.” The guidelines made it clear that only multidisciplinary proposals would be considered.
Professor Mark Haselkorn. Photo by Mary Levin.
Haselkorn saw this as an opportunity for the new humanitarian-relief program and convened two brainstorming sessions in early September. He also set up a list serve to help bring research teams together. Professors began posting their calls for collaborators; some simply offered their services: “I would be interested in working with you to any degree possible on the ethical, legal and health policy issues.” “My area of expertise is affordable housing policy in the U.S.” “My individual research interest is in coastal and nearshore ecosystem restoration.”
What emerged was a package of interrelated proposals covering everything from those half-submerged school buses to disease risk to the development of hurricane-resistant housing to issues of race, safety and politics.
“It’s just amazing,” says Sanjeev Khagram, the newly appointed director of the Lindenberg Center, “to think that we have a proposal with the director of the civil engineering department as the lead principal investigator and a social work junior faculty member as one of the team. I mean, that’s just phenomenal.”
The University of Washington, says Khagram, isn’t the only place where academics are beginning to take disaster relief seriously. But it may be the only place where they’re approaching it so cooperatively. And that’s vital, he says, because humanitarian crises “are by their very nature interdisciplinary.”
“The research problem” posed by a tsunami or a Katrina, says Haselkorn, “is that data in isolation, data from a single perspective, are inherently flawed. Because it’s such an interdependent system. It doesn’t matter where you approach it from. As soon as you go in, you run into everything else.”
He recalls the first time he and an engineering colleague met with Elaine Chang at the Evans School to discuss humanitarian relief. “It was just this instant realization,” he says, “on everyone’s part: ‘Of course, you need these multiple perspectives. Of course you can’t do this alone.’”
Eric McHenry is the associate editor of Columns.
- Return to December 2005 Table of Contents
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LONDON: British police have been nabbing criminals based on their gloveprints with the help of a significant breakthrough technique developed in the
field of forensic science.
Database consisting of thousands of gloveprints, collected by forensics officers, compiled by Liane Marsh, of Derbyshire police, had helped police solve at least 10 crimes in the past year.
The method formed by the police scientist assisted detectives in matching a set of prints found on one crime to those found at another scene, making it simpler for the officers to identify those who had left their gloveprints on surfaces.
Marsch said another database for hundreds of types and makes of glove could further help to identify the type of glove used in a crime since, like fingerprints, no two gloves were identical. "This is a very exciting innovation. Police officers wish someone had thought of it years ago," she said. "Earlier, whenever glove marks were found at the scene of the crime their hearts used to sink, because it meant the culprit had covered their hands and left no identifying fingerprints".
6 months ago
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About applying online
We strongly encourage you to take your time filling out the application.
Be sure to have all the information you need close at hand. Review your responses and check for accuracy.
Still, we know mistakes can happen. If after applying you discover an error, you can make changes to your application.
What you'll need
It's a good idea to have everything prepared before you start your application so you're not trying to track down information at the last minute.
Here's what you'll need:
- Transcripts. You don't need to submit your transcripts to UC at this point, but you must refer to them as you fill out the application to ensure the information you enter is accurate.
- Test scores. If you're a freshman or sophomore applicant, you'll have to include your scores from the ACT Plus Writing or the SAT Reasoning Test. (If you're applying for fall, be sure to complete these tests by December.) All applicants should report scores for any SAT Subject Tests, Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate, TOEFL or IELTS exams they have taken.
- Annual income for 2011 and 2012 (your parents' if you're a dependent; your income if you're independent.) This is optional unless you're applying for a fee waiver or for the Educational Opportunity Program.
- Social Security number, if you have one. We use this to match your application to things like your test score report, final transcript(s) and, if you're applying for financial aid, your Free Application for Federal Student Aid.
- Citizenship status. You must enter your country of citizenship (or "No Selection"). If your country of citizenship is outside the United States, you'll need to provide your immigration status and your visa type.
- California Statewide Student ID (optional). Each K-12 student in California public schools is assigned an ID number. If it's not printed on your transcript, ask your counselor or registrar.
- Credit card. If you prefer to pay by check, you can mail your payment.
Remember, you shouldn't submit letters of recommendation for the UC application. However, some campuses or majors may require letters of recommendation as part of a supplemental application review, so be sure to check your email and respond in a timely manner.
The UC online application functions with versions of Firefox, Internet Explorer 8 or higher, Chrome 6 or higher and Safari 5 or higher. You can download one of these browsers from the list below.
Because it's important to protect the information you provide, the online application is extremely secure — so secure, in fact, that older browsers are not equipped to handle our level of encryption. Please download one of the browser versions listed above to ensure maximum security.
If students have a question about the application process, call the application center at (800) 207-1710 (within the U.S.) or (661) 336-5723 (outside the U.S.) during normal business hours, or e-mail email@example.com.
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AfriGeneas Heritage Arts & Crafts Forum
[QUILTMAKING] Quilt Discovery Day...Lecture & Appraisals
African American Genealogy Group of the Miami Valley (AAGGMV) is planning their 27 Oct 2008 around Quiltmaking & the Afircan American Experience.
The meeting will be held at the National African American Museum & Cultral Center located in Wilberforce, Ohio. The meeting is in conjunction with the current African American Quilting display at the Museum.
Below is a communication for the proposed meeting agenda from AAGGMV member Valena Randolph of the NAAM&CC.
Thank you for your quick response. Quilt Discovery Day is when you bring your old family quilts from home to have them appraised. I would like the program to be from 1-5 p.m. That way, you will have time to:
While you all are having your meeting, Dr. Maz will be working on the appraisals. There might not be time for the people to share their stories, so I would ask that they return the following week for "Quilt Circle Stories".
Ask those who want to participate to make certain that they have pinned their names to their family quilts.
Hope this sounds alright to you. Let me know soon so that I can email Dr. Maz the details.
Messages In This Thread
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Different parents have different standards, and the same parents are likely to have different standards for different children, depending on their age, maturity and personality. Because of this diversity, policies that aim to bolster parental authority by restricting minors' access to material the government deems inappropriate, such as the California video game law that the Supreme Court overturned this week, would be doomed to fail even if they did not violate the First Amendment.
California's law made selling or renting a "violent video game" to a minor a civil offense punishable by a $1,000 fine. It covered games "in which the range of options available to a player includes killing, maiming, dismembering, or sexually assaulting an image of a human being," depicted in a way that "a reasonable person, considering the game as a whole, would find appeals to a deviant or morbid interest of minors," that is "patently offensive to prevailing standards in the community as to what is suitable for minors" and that "causes the game, as a whole, to lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value for minors."
The thing about reasonable people, of course, is that they may disagree, especially on such abstruse issues as whether a video game appeals to a minor's "deviant or morbid interest," whatever that might be. "Prevailing standards in the community," which determine what is "patently offensive," are likewise a matter of dispute. Pretending that everyone in California agrees about "what is suitable for minors," or sees eye to eye on the redeeming value of violent entertainment, does not make it so.
The one thing all parents probably do agree on is that teenagers should not be treated like toddlers. Yet that is what California's legislators decided to do, decreeing one (indeterminate) standard for everyone under 18. The industry's game ratings, by contrast, draw six distinctions based on age and use 30 "content descriptors" to indicate the nature of potentially objectionable material.
Since parents can use these ratings to regulate what their children play (and can even use system settings to block games with certain ratings), what was the motivation for California's law? "California cannot show that the Act's restrictions meet a substantial need of parents who wish to restrict their children's access to violent video games but cannot do so," the Supreme Court concluded.
"Not all of the children who are forbidden to purchase violent video games on their own have parents who care whether they purchase violent video games," Justice Antonin Scalia noted in the majority opinion, questioning the premise that "punishing third parties for conveying protected speech to children just in case their parents disapprove of that speech is a proper governmental means of aiding parental authority." He suggested that the main effect of the law was to enforce "what the State thinks parents ought to want" -- the opposite of respecting parental authority.
On the same day the Court overturned California's video game law, it agreed to consider a First Amendment challenge to the federal ban on broadcast indecency, another policy that imposes government-determined standards of propriety in the name of helping parents protect their children. It features the same sort of constitutionally problematic vagueness and subjectivity, yet applies to adults as well as minors, banning "patently offensive" material related to sex or excretion between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m.
Like California's law, which arbitrarily distinguished between video games and other forms of violent entertainment, the indecency ban is "wildly underinclusive," applying to broadcast TV and radio but not to programming carried by cable, satellite or the Internet. In both cases the solution is not to expand the government's cultural regulations but to privatize them by letting people raise their own children.
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People are often asking us how we are adjusting to being back in Canada. I feel like we are doing great. But there are things the kids say that remind me that we live in a different part of the world while in the Philippines.
It’s Spring in Ontario and one of the best parts of springtime is seeing all the birds come back to Ontario. We have watched flocks of geese in the air many days when the weather was really warm. We are so blessed by having many bird feeders in the back yard that we can watch the blue jays, and robins come to eat. We even have charts by the back window to help us identify some of the many birds that come our way.
We have also noticed the many seagulls here. Just a couple days after we arrived, Jenna saw a bird flying in the sky and said, “chicken!” It reminded me that we don’t see seagulls in the Philippines. I then thought of how few birds we do see.
A normal day in the village starts and ends with the sounds of roosters crowing. Actually those sounds only end when I finally fall asleep. Many nights I will wake to hearing the roosters crowing even in the dark. And the sun being up doesn’t stop them from crowing either. We sure don’t miss the sounds of those roosters.
Every day we see many hens and their chicks wandering around looking for something to eat. It is fun to watch the chicks grow as the weeks go on.
The only other birds we see are the odd bird that someone had killed to eat. We don’t see fancy parrots or birds flying from tree to tree.
So this spring we will take time to enjoy all the birds we can see.
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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Media Contact: Krystin Dean
(706) 379-5310, email@example.com
Young Harris College Celebrated Earth Day April 16-23
YOUNG HARRIS, Ga. - Young Harris College hosted a special week of service, April 16-23, to celebrate Earth Day, which was Sunday, April 22. The event was co-sponsored by the YHC Sustainability Committee, the YHC Student Government Association (SGA) and Sodexo.
“The College’s Sustainability Committee chose to focus our Earth Day efforts on recycling this year because we wanted to continue to help educate the campus community regarding how to best use our comprehensive recycling program with ReMix Atlanta,” said Academic Service Learning Program Coordinator, Bonner Leaders Program Coordinator and Sustainability Committee Co-Chair Rob Campbell. “By drawing on the creativity of YHC students, as well as local students from Towns County, we also called attention to how recycled materials can be used in other ways, such as creating art.”
Throughout the week, SGA members collected clothing as part of “oneSHIRT,” a national collegiate clothing drive organized by SustainU, a leading producer of university-related apparel that uses fabrics made from 100 percent recycled materials manufactured in the United States. YHC students encouraged students, faculty, staff and community members to donate used clothing that was presented to Support in Abusive Family Emergencies, Inc. (S.A.F.E).
On April 20, SGA members hosted a recycling demonstration on campus and awarded environmentally friendly prizes to members of the campus community who proved knowledgeable regarding the College’s recycling program. Students also collected recyclable electronics on campus throughout the day.
“SGA’s Sustainability Committee worked very hard this year to spread student-led green initiatives across campus, and we were excited to end the semester with a clothing drive,” said Student Government Association President and Sustainability Chair Ashley Cross, a junior biology major from Murphy, N.C. “Through this event and our recycling demonstration, we were able to educate the campus community and show students that all types of items can be reused and recycled.”
Sodexo, the College’s food service provider, hosted a “Weigh the Waste” event on April 23 that encouraged diners to weigh food discarded after each meal to raise awareness about food waste.
Also in conjunction with the Earth Day celebration, three large pieces of artwork made from recycled materials were featured on the Young Harris College campus. The art was created by students in Art Department Chair and Associate Professor of Art Ted Whisenhunt’s design course, as well as members of Towns County High School’s environmental club.
About Young Harris College
Young Harris College is a private, baccalaureate degree-granting college located in the beautiful mountains of north Georgia. Founded in 1886 and historically affiliated with The United Methodist Church, Young Harris College educates, inspires and empowers students through the highest quality liberal arts education. Long known for nurturing students during the first two years of college, Young Harris College received accreditation in 2008 to grant bachelor’s degrees. The College currently has approximately 900 students across four divisions—Fine Arts, Humanities, Mathematics and Science, and Social and Behavioral Sciences—and plans to increase enrollment to 1,200 over the next few years. The historic campus in Young Harris, Ga., is currently undergoing major campus improvements to accommodate the College’s growth, including recent completion of a 200-bed, LEED Silver-certified residence hall, Georgia’s first higher education facility north of Atlanta to achieve this certification, a 57,000-square-foot, LEED-certified recreation center, the second higher educational recreation facility in Georgia to achieve this certification, and a 148-bed, apartment-style residential village. In 2011, the College was granted candidacy for NCAA Division II athletics. For more information, visit www.yhc.edu.
Young Harris College student Morgan “Tex” Fambrough, a sophomore art major from Hiawassee, Ga., stands next to a piece of recycled art she co-created that was displayed on the YHC campus as part of the Earth Day festivities.
Members of Young Harris College’s Student Government Association host a recycling demonstration in front of Grace Rollins Dining Hall on the YHC campus.
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There are many issues that we need to concern ourselves with in Carbon County: Land use, crime, drug use and Highway 6 are some of those that come to mind to most people. But one that doesn't and may be of most importance of all is water, and our supply of it.
Recently the Bureau of Reclamation issued a supplemental environmental impact statement on building the Gooseberry Narrows dam in Sanpete County. The idea of the construction of this dam has been bantered back and forth for almost 80 years. Now it seems the Sanpete Water Conservency District think they have a winning combination to do it.
The dam would capture water from melted snow that falls in Sanpete County and trap it in a 17,000 acre foot reservoir. For some this may seem innocuous. But the natural drainage for the water is down Gooseberry and Fish Creek where it ends up in Scofield Reservoir and then through the rest of the system finally flowing into the Colorado River.
So basically this dam would take water away from Carbon County.
No one argues that Sanpete is due 5,400 acre feet of water per year from that drainage. In fact they get that every year through a tunnel that was constructed over 100 years ago. But Sanpete doesn't like the way it flows; it mostly comes in the spring and early summer leaving their agriculture drier in later summer. They want the reservoir as a valve to use the water when they want, and as a reserve for years when there is drought. The problem is that the water to fill that reservoir and keep it filled takes water from Carbon County.
Transbasin diversions are always one sided, with someone losing. In this case it would be Carbon County. In drought years Scofield could well look more like a puddle than a reservoir if this happens. If you are in doubt about what transbasin diversions do take a look at the Owens Valley in northern California. Once lush and green it is now a desert because southern California took most of its water for its growing megolopolis 100 years ago.
We need industrial diversification in this area to get ourselves away from depending so much on coal for our employment. Yet one of the first things a company that may want to relocate here asks when they are investigating our area is about the availability of water. Up to this point it has sometimes been a hangup on getting them here. But if there is even less water than we now have good jobs beyond energy will never happen.
This dam, if built, will affect every man, woman and child that lives in Carbon County. This is not just about farmers and ranchers, it is about everyone.
You have a chance to fight this project and everyone needs to do that. Jim Matheson opposes this dam, but the rest of your congressional delegation favors it. Apparently the governor also favors its construction. We need to send them a message by calling and writing them. We also need to make comments on the study itself to the Bureau of Reclamation.
You also have a chance to comment on what this means in a meeting that will be held at the Price Civic Auditorium on April 29 from 6 to 9 p.m. The BOR will be there to listen. They said in their announcement they would do that, but that they wouldn't reply in the meeting to those comments. Local people need to pack that building and give them a piece of our mind about a dam that could damage our area unrepairably.
If ever there was a time we need to stand united against something, this is it.
And stay tuned to the Sun Advocate for more details.
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Dr. Sudhakar Jamkhandi, Director of the Center for International Understanding at Bluefield State College, has been reappointed to the Northeast Regional Panel of the Department of Defense's National Security Education Scholarship Program (NSEP) for Undergraduate Study Abroad.
The program is designed "to lead in developing the national capacity to educate U.S. citizens about cultures and languages and, in the process, strengthen U.S. economic competitiveness and enhance international cooperation and security," according to a NSEP guidelines.
Created in 1991, the NSEP awards undergraduate study abroad, graduate fellowships, and institutional grants to promote the program's goal of "improving U.S. capacity for international leadership through increased knowledge of less commonly studied languages and world regions." It focuses on countries identified as critical to U.S. national security, and reflects a commitment to supporting the development of long term political and economic stability.
"Beginning in 1997," Jamkhandi said, "The NSEP has identified specific countries critical to U.S. national security. These include selected countries in Latin America, the NIS, Eastern Europe, Egypt, South Africa, the PRC, and selected Asian countries."
"The qualifications of the applicants and their diverse backgrounds reflect the attractiveness of NSEP scholarships," he continued. "To ensure a return on the dollars invested in these future international relations personnel, the NSEP requires candidates selected to receive a scholarship to work at a federal or higher educational institution in the field of international relations within eight years, upon completion of the study abroad project."
NSEP's northeastern regional review panel will evaluate more than 200 applications from undergraduates at institutions of higher education in 17 states, including West Virginia, and the District of Columbia.
Additional information on the NSEP may be obtained by calling the Center for International Understanding at Bluefield State College, (304) 327-4036.
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Thanks to America’s largest employer a considerable amount of people may soon be without health care. Walmart employees revealed on Friday that the company would be jacking up health care premiums by as much as 40% while eliminating coverage completely for many of their part-time workers.
Speaking about their decision Walmart told the New York Times that their decision was made because of the rising costs associated with health care. According to one spokesman:
“The decisions made were not easy,” while they added, “but they strike a balance between managing costs and providing quality care.”
Under the new plan employees who work less than 24 hours per week will not be eligible for coverage. New hires who work 24 to 33 hours will be able to receive benefits but they won’t be able to add their spouse to the plan, although children can be added.
One employee in Placerville, California told The Times that her premiums will increase from $260 annually to $468. That same employee also revealed that her deductible will now jump from $1,000 to $5,000. When you consider that the employee who revealed their premium increase only earns $19,000 per year from Walmart it’s a considerable chunk of income that’s being taken away.
The company will also require that employees who smoke pay a significant penalty to begin receiving health insurance, a penalty that ranges anywhere from $260 to $2,340.
The fact that Walmart is slashing coverage comes just a few years after they initially expanded their health care coverage to more part-time employees. Walmart initially extended coverage after pressure from various states who no longer wanted Walmart employees using their Medicaid programs.
Do you think this is another example of Walmart taking advantage of their employees? This would be the perfect time for Walmart employees to form that union their company keeps busting.
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May 25, 2011
— A woman's attempt to sell a purported $1.7 million moon rock was thwarted last week when the buyer she met with turned out to be an undercover agent working for NASA.
The sting, which according to the Riverside County (Calif.) Sheriff's Dept. came after several months of investigation, took place at a Denny's restaurant in Lake Elsinore, Calif., about 70 miles southeast of Los Angeles.
The woman, who authorities did not identify, was detained but not arrested pending the "moon rock" being verified as being of lunar origin.
"It's possible this is a moon rock
, but it has to be tested first," Gail Robinson, deputy inspector general at NASA, told the Los Angeles Times.
According to a statement released by the sheriff's office, the undercover meeting took place on Thursday, May 19. After the undercover agent with the NASA Office of the Inspector General (OIG) agreed to purchase the specimen for approximately $1.7 million, the woman produced the rock inside the restaurant.
Several local police officers and NASA OIG agents then moved in on the suspect, took possession of the alleged moon rock and detained the woman for questioning.
Neither the sheriff's office nor NASA has released further information about the investigation, although some media reports have suggested the rock was originally listed for sale on the auction website eBay.
Stealing the moon
This isn't the first time NASA agents have stepped in to recover moon rocks — both real and fake.
In December 1995, NASA officials thought they may have found a bit of lost material from the second lunar landing after a lunar rock was advertised for sale by a New York auction house. The sample the space agency had been looking for went missing in 1970 when the registered and certified mail shipment it had been part of was stolen.
Instead, what NASA found was a fraud. Two brothers had claimed their "moon rock" was gifted to their father by former Mercury astronaut/senator John Glenn. In reality, the rock was of earthly-origin and the brothers, Brian and Ronald Trochelmann of Atlanta, plead guilty to wire fraud.
NASA sting operations led to the recovery of at least two bona fide lunar samples.
A small piece of an Apollo 17-recovered moon rock
, which in 1973 had been presented as a goodwill gift to the nation of Honduras, was recovered in Florida in 1998 after the Miami businessman who had purchased the rock from a retired Honduran military officer responded to a classified ad for buying pieces of the moon.
Alan Rosen replied to the ad, offering his acrylic-encased sample for $5 million. Unbeknownst to him, the newspaper listing had been placed by NASA, which had been looking for fraudulent offers like the Trochelmann's.
A subsequent court case found that under Honduran law, the rock still legally belonged to the country and as such, it was returned in 2004.
In July 2002, four students working at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas carried out the heist
of a 600-pound office safe holding lunar and martian samples. Now the subject of an upcoming book and feature film in development by the author and producers behind 2010's "The Social Network," the student thieves were busted when the Belgian rock collector they contacted to buy the moon material contacted the FBI.
In the students' case, a federal court set the value of the moon rocks at $50,800 per gram based on how much it cost the U.S. government to retrieve the samples between 1969 and 1972.
In total, a dozen moonwalking astronauts returned 2,415 samples weighing a total of 842 pounds (382 kilograms). The lunar material is considered a National Treasure, and with the exception of two sets of goodwill gifts
presented to 135 nations, the 50 states, and the U.S. provinces, NASA maintains it has never gifted or otherwise provided any individual with a piece of the moon.
Even the astronauts were not permitted to keep a rock for themselves. Instead, the space agency has recently been presenting moon rocks in name-only
to the early Mercury, Gemini and Apollo crew members to be put on permanent public display.
Outside of lunar meteorites and a few ounces of the moon returned by Soviet robotic probes, all other moon rocks are considered the property of the United States. As such, according to the NASA Office of the Inspector General, those found in possession of samples can be prosecuted for theft of government property, for which there is no statute of limitations.
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Network Attached Storage (NAS) / Storage Area Network (SAN)
What is the Difference
A NAS is a storage device operating on data files, while a SAN is a network of devices operating on disk blocks. Usually, a SAN uses Fiber Channel interconnects, while a NAS connects through Ethernet TCP/IP. When installing more than a few NAS devices becomes impractical, larger structural organizations will use SAN for improved scalability and performance.
Users can now find affordable controllers for IDE/ATA/SATA drives, which provide increased security and performance. Many of the high performance external drives that are available on the market are self-contained RAID 0 systems. They are preconfigured for performance rather than data security. Good examples of that are Buffalo Tera Station, Maxtor Shared Storage, Netgear, Lacie, and Quantum Snap Servers.
The complexity of recovering NAS / SAS devices does not lie in the way the raid is configured, which is generally standard, or in the number of drives involved. The complexity arises from the proprietary Linux-based file systems which are used by these devices.
X Files Recovery is capable of recovering data from:
- All types of RAID configurations
- Any server make, model or brand
- Any operating systems (Microsoft Windows Server, Linux, UNIX, etc.)
- All Network Attached Storage devices
- Any cause of data loss
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“Republicans hate the poor and love big business.”
“Republicans want the gays to suffer because they can’t get married! Homophobe.”
“WHAT? How can you possibly suggest that abortion and birth control not be available to every single woman for free? Woman-hater!”
“You want poor people to die from lack of health care because they can’t pay for it.”
“Cutting money from education is intolerable – no matter what reason you may have.”
Remember, this blog is focused on the political perspectives of young people. We can’t tell you how often we hear these sorts of things from young liberals. EVERY WEEK I have discussions with several people over these false statements that they wholeheartedly believe. Forget reading facts, arguing with teachers, or understanding both sides of the spectrum before making a decision.
I was once a liberal. I often said many of the aforementioned quotes. But, after Hillary lost the nomination, I reassessed myself. I started reading McCain’s platform. I dove into the world of politics – I haven’t looked back since. I’m an ardent young conservative because I believe people should earn their money, then keep and spend it at their own will. The majority shouldn’t have to pay for the failures of the minority – enough entitlements and handouts; that’s called socialism.
I believe that we should tax everyone equally, not at tiered rates (remember, only 47% of the country pays income tax anyways). If you get lucky in the stock market or work hard to make your small business grow larger, why should you have to pay more in taxes? To lower your net profits? When that happens, there’s no incentive to innovate, create, or make money because, at the end of every fiscal year, you won’t have any more money than someone who works for only 9 bucks an hour managing the drive-thru at Wendy’s.
Capitalism is based on playing to your individual strengths – not everyone is good at math, and so not everyone is an engineer. The same analogy works with history … curator, politics … lobbyist, science … microbiologist. Based off the three examples I just gave you, here’s how capitalism works: A student tries hard in school and wins a merit scholarship for the university she wants to attend (which was designed by an engineer working with an architect). She’s got her mind set on having her own research firm when she graduates, so she works a job to earn money for her future instead of getting drunk and doing nothing all day. After she graduates, she sets out with her money and starts a firm with her friends. Eventually, they all go on a diving trip to discover why some tuna are dying like never before. Let’s say that they find and bring back some water samples to their firm’s lab. They find a new parasite that is killing the profitable tuna. They then publish their findings and appeal to a lobbyist to find a solution within Congress. When a solution is found and the crisis is resolved, she ends up having her picture in a museum that the curator is in charge of. That’s capitalism. Conservative ideals of working hard, keeping earned money, and individualism all support capitalism – aka, OUR system.
I believe that abortion should not be a form of contraception because life starts at the joining of a sperm cell and an egg cell – it has a full set of human DNA, and it is a Homo Sapiens. Birth is not required to become human.
I believe that we should not be dividing anyone by race, and that “there is no room for hyphenated Americans.” You’re American, or you’re an alien. No middle ground. Permanent resident? You ain’t one of us yet.
I believe that offering a certain ethnic or religious minority group a scholarship opportunity or “affirmative action” without factoring in income, environment, or other factors is wrong. Offer scholarships to the poor, and foster advancement for struggling students – who cares if they’re Hispanic or 1/16th Cherokee? Intelligence or motivation to succeed has nothing to do with your race, right?. Funny how liberals claim to be proponents of the “plight of minorities,” – all they emphasize is which minority is this week’s “Flavor of Suffering.”
I believe that national guidelines should be set up for education, but by no means should all states and schools be forced to follow these guidelines or a national curriculum. No one cares more about local schools than the local residents, teachers, and parents themselves. The more power local people have in changing their own schools, the more growth and competition we will see between our schools. Bottom-up, not top-down. There’s a reason grassroots works better – local people care more than some bureaucrat who has to oversee the problems of a massive amount of people.
There’s a reason why it’s called “commonsense conservatism.”
I have yet to hear “commonsense liberalism.”
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Insect glands are responsible for producing a host of secretions that allow bees to sting and ants to lay down trails to and from their nests. New research from Carnegie scientists focuses on secretions from glands in the reproductive tract that help sperm survive and guide the sperm on the trip to fertilize an egg. The gene that controls the development of these glands in fruit flies provides important information about gland development in all insects, as well as potential clues to similar human reproductive glands. Their work is published this month in Current Biology.
- Insect glands may illuminate human fertilization processThu, 3 May 2012, 21:33:07 EDT
- Disabling mouse enzyme increases fertilityFri, 16 May 2008, 12:28:39 EDT
- The wasp that never cries wolfMon, 20 Aug 2012, 1:53:02 EDT
- Mammary gland development of blueberry-fed lab animals studiedTue, 7 Jun 2011, 11:35:44 EDT
- Cancers of sweat glands, other skin-related structures may be increasing in United StatesMon, 21 Jun 2010, 17:05:39 EDT
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1908 Fiat SB4 Eldridge "Mephistoles" – Click above for high-res image gallery
Way in the back of the Fiat booth at this year's Geneva Motor Show, behind all of the shiny modern machinery with their tiny, fuel-sipping engines, sat a car that looks like one of those wood-carved models you see at every knick-knack store. Curious though it was, we knew right off the bat there is something far more significant to this car than met the eye. And indeed there is.
Nicknamed "Mephistoles" by the French public in the 1920s, this 1908 Fiat SB4 racer was, at the time, the fastest car in the world. Sir Ernest Eldridge bought it on the cheap after it crashed in a race at Brooklands in the UK, thereafter setting about turning it into a land speed record car. To get there, Sir Ernest and company replaced the engine with a 22-liter(!) inline six-cylinder aircraft engine that delivered 320 horsepower to the rear wheels via chain drive – a combination (hardly) kept in check by a single brake on the rear differential.
Mephistoles set a top speed of 143.26 miles per hour over a flying kilometer in Arpajob, France in 1924, but was later disqualified because the regulations stipulated the necessity of a reverse gear, which the Fiat lacked. Sir Ernest developed a system and came back, regulations satisfied, just days later to set a new record of 146 mph... the last such record achieved on a public road. To this day, according to the lore, nobody knows how Eldridge got the thing to go in reverse, but after over three years of restoration, Fiat is proudly exhibiting Mephistoles in Geneva, and we snapped a few photos to help you ponder the mystery and majesty for yourself.
Related Gallery1908 Fiat SB4 Eldridge "Mephistoles": Geneva 2011
Photos copyright ©2011 Noah Joseph / AOL
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[Rabban Yochanon] said to [his students]: Go and see which is a bad way that a person should avoid.
Rabbi Eliezer said: A bad eye. Rabbi Yehoshua said: A bad friend. Rabbi Yossi said: A bad neighbor. Rabbi Shimon said: One who borrows and does not pay back. One who borrows from a person is as one who borrows from God, as it says, 'A wicked person borrows and does not repay, but the Righteous One is gracious and gives' (Psalms 37:21). Rabbi Elazar said: A bad heart.
[Rabban Yochanon] said to them: I prefer the words of Elazar ben Arach over your words, for included in his words are all of yours. (Ethics of the Fathers, 2:14)
After having explained in our previous mishna the five opinions concerning the "good path," we find this mishna seemingly superfluous. Once the students of Rabban Yochanon have identified the good path, is it not obvious that the opposite is the bad path?
Furthermore, once their master declared his preference for Elazar ben Arach's answer of "a good heart," why do the other students seem to persist in their earlier interpretations? Finally, since four of the students answer this second question in simple opposites from their earlier answers, how do we understand Rabbi Shimon, who apparently departs completely from his previous answer, "to foresee consequences"?
Although most people find it convenient to see the world in simple black and white, a true perspective of reality requires us to appreciate that life is not so clear cut. Whereas a person who is generous may be good, a person who lacks generosity is not necessarily evil. Whereas a teacher possessing a dynamic personality may be described as "good," another teacher who is soft-spoken but quietly engaging may be equally "good."
If so, Rabban Yochanon's second question becomes clear. Granted that a "good heart" describes the "good path" that a person should follow, can we automatically assume that a "bad heart" describes the "bad path" that a person should avoid? Or is the key to avoidance of evil distinct from the key for adherence to good?
GRASPING FOR TRUTH
Rabbi Paysach Krohn tells the story of an Israeli fighter pilot assigned as an attack leader. His job required him to enter into a steep dive, site each target for the assault planes behind him, then pull sharply up and away from the glide path of the missiles that followed him in.
On one occasion, under the tension of precipitous descents and multiple force recoveries, the pilot's mind became confused by the effects of vertigo. Unknown to him, his plane had become turned upside down as he led another attack.
The pilot sited the target and, as he pulled back on his controls, his eyes locked in disbelief on his instrument panel, which showed that he was rapidly losing altitude and within seconds would plummet into the ground. His back-up instruments confirmed the reading, but his mind refused to accept what his senses refused to register as the effects of vertigo denied the information on his panel.
He pushed his controls forward, convinced with every ounce of intuition that he was committing suicide by driving his plane into the ground.
With lightning reflexes, the pilot radioed his pursuit plane, asking for an evaluation of his position. Yes, came the voice over his radio: you are in steep descent and only moments away from impact.
The pilot faced a dilemma, with literally no time to contemplate his options. Which should he trust: his interior senses or external objective information?
The pilot later described how what he did next as being the hardest thing he ever did in his life. He pushed his controls forward, convinced with every ounce of intuition that he was committing suicide by driving his plane into the ground. Instead, he pulled safely out of his dive and survived.
Rabbi Krohn concludes his story suggesting that we all suffer from spiritual vertigo, often believing our senses even when they are clearly contradicted by objective external reality. Similarly, as much as the students of Rabban Yochanon recognized in the previous mishna the necessity for spiritual clarity, so too did they now appreciate the dangers of spiritual myopia.
Even though Elazar ben Arach had received his master's approval for his answer of a "good heart" -- that spiritual clarity is a process in which no step is complete without all the others -- nevertheless, the first four students each focused on the single step they believed most disruptive to that process.
Thus Rabbi Eliezer says a "bad eye," meaning not only the inability to perceive God's spiritual light, but the predisposition to misinterpret the light of spirituality. Such a defect, asserts Rabbi Eliezer, can only result in spiritual vertigo, the conviction that one is walking the "good path" when in fact he is on the road to spiritual devastation.
Rabbi Yehoshua, however, declares that the answer is a "bad friend." Since we are all at time subject to spiritual blindness and vertigo, our greatest danger lies in not receiving sound advice from those in whom we place our trust at moments of crisis.
No, says Rabbi Yossi, the greatest danger lies in a "bad neighbor," one who does not recognize or respect the boundaries between advice and intrusion, who seeks to impose his own perception of the spiritual light into situations that he himself does not fully understand, creating confusion and uncertainty where there might otherwise have been clarity and confidence.
Whereas Rabbi Shimon previously asserted that walking the "good path" depended upon looking ahead toward the future and anticipating the consequences of action, now he answered that the "bad path" lies before the one who "borrows and does not pay back."
A closer look, however, reveals that Rabbi Shimon is answering in kind, for the one who borrows without knowing how he will repay creates for himself the situation wherein he fails to honor his debt and repays the lender's good with evil. According to Jewish philosophy, ingratitude is among the most reprehensible of all character traits. Indeed, the Hebrew for gratitude is haKorat haTov, literally recognition of the good. Such recognition truly requires a "good eye" and, in the case of the borrower, requires that he foresee the outcome of his actions before he borrows so that he does not, through negligence, fail to recognize the good.
Once again, however, it is Rabbi Elazar alone who sees the whole picture. All of his fellow students are correct in their insights. Nevertheless, it is ultimately the synthesis and integration of all the qualities and stages they described that will protect a person from embarking down the "bad path." The dangers of spiritual vertigo are many, and the spiritual eye can be deceived by many tricks of the light. If we allow our attention to stray even for a moment, if we lose our focus even for an instant, we risk straying into spiritual darkness. By accustoming our inner eye to the light of the Torah we provide ourselves with the surest chance of staying true to the "good path."
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Earl Scruggs, bluegrass legend, died at 88, and fans are remembering him the best way they can — through revisiting some of his exuberant performances.
Terence McArdle wrote about Scruggs’s legacy in his Post obituary:
Mr. Scruggs’s flashy, three-fingered banjo style was a new sound to most audiences when he joined the popular band Bill Monroe and the Bluegrass Boys in 1946. Mr. Scruggs’s technique expanded the melodic possibilities of the instrument, putting it on equal footing with the fiddle and mandolin. He also succeeded in changing the reputation of banjo players as comic relief — they had often been portrayed as clowns — to that of skillful soloists.
Scruggs went from self-taught musician to 2008 Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award-winner. Some of his most famous works include “The Ballad of Jed Clampett,” the theme song for “The Beverly Hillbillies,” and “Foggy Mountain Breakdown,” the theme from the film “Bonnie and Clyde,” which won a Grammy in 1968.
Scruggs won a Grammy for re-recording “Foggy Mountain Breakdown” in 2001 with actor Steve Martin, among other musicians.
On the song “Flint Hill Special,” McArdle writes that Scruggs “created a slurring effect like a steel guitar by turning the string’s tuning peg. The trick became part of the song’s melody, and Mr. Scruggs later added extra tuning pegs to the banjo to make the de-tuning easier.”
Scruggs won a Grammy for best country instrumental performance in 2004 for “Earl’s Breakdown.”
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Axolotls have the unique ability to regenerate most body parts. In a period of months, they can grow entire new limbs and even portions of the brain and spine.
When I use the word happiness, I do not mean the brief and superficial pleasure that comes from money, sex, power, and the conditional approval we earn from others when we behave as they want. Nor do I mean the temporary feeling of satisfaction we experience in the absence of immediate conflict or disaster. Real happiness is not the feeling we get from being entertained or making people do what we want. It’s a profound and lasting sense of peace and fulfillment that deeply satisfies and enlarges the soul. It doesn’t go away when circumstances are difficult. It survives and even grows during hardship and struggle. True happiness is our entire reason to live, and it can only be obtained as we find Real Love and share it with others. With Real Love, nothing else matters; without it, nothing else is enough.
— YangTea (via yangtea)
There is a reason I said I’d be happy alone. It wasn’t because I thought I would be happy alone. It was because I thought if I loved someone and then it fell apart, I might not make it. It’s easier to be alone. Because what if you learn that you need love? And then you don’t have it. What if you like it? And lean on it? What if you shape your life around it? And then it falls apart? Can you even survive that kind of pain? Losing love is like organ damage. It’s like dying. The only difference is, death ends. This? It could go on forever.
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- How is liver cancer treated?
- Liver cancer surgery
- Tumor ablation for liver cancer
- Embolization therapy for liver cancer
- Radiation therapy for liver cancer
- Targeted therapy for liver cancer
- Chemotherapy for liver cancer
- Clinical trials for liver cancer
- Complementary and alternative therapies for liver cancer
- Treatment of liver cancer by stage
- More treatment information about liver cancer
Embolization therapy for liver cancer
Embolization is the injection of substances to try to block or reduce the blood flow to cancer cells in the liver.
The liver is unusual in that it has 2 blood supplies. Most normal liver cells are fed by branches of the portal vein, whereas cancer cells in the liver are usually fed by branches of the hepatic artery. Doctors can exploit this difference to treat the cancer. Blocking the branch of the hepatic artery feeding the tumor helps kill off the cancer cells, but it leaves most of the healthy liver cells unharmed because they get their blood supply from the portal vein.
Embolization is an option for some patients with tumors that cannot be removed by surgery. It can be used for tumors that are too large to be treated with ablation (usually larger than 5 cm across). For some tumors (typically in the 3 to 5 cm range), these treatments may be used together. Embolization does reduce some of the blood supply to the normal liver tissue, so it may not be a good option for some patients whose liver has been damaged by diseases such as hepatitis or cirrhosis.
This type of treatment typically does not require a hospital stay.
Arterial embolization is also known as trans-arterial embolization (or TAE). In this procedure a catheter (a thin, flexible tube) is put into an artery through a small cut in the inner thigh and threaded up into the hepatic artery in the liver. A dye is usually injected into the bloodstream at this time to help the doctor monitor the path of the catheter via angiography, a special type of x-ray. Once the catheter is in place, small particles are injected into the artery to plug it up.
This approach, also known as trans-arterial chemoembolization (or TACE) combines embolization with chemotherapy. This is done either by coating the small particles with chemotherapy drugs before injection, or by giving chemotherapy through the catheter directly into the artery, then plugging up the artery. Studies are looking to see if chemoembolization is more effective than embolization alone.
This newer technique combines embolization with radiation therapy.
In the United States, this is done by injecting small radioactive beads (called microspheres) into the hepatic artery. Brand names for these beads include TheraSphere® and SIR-Spheres®. Once infused, the beads lodge in the blood vessels near the tumor, where they give off small amounts of radiation to the tumor site for several days. The radiation travels a very short distance, so its effects are limited mainly to the tumor. Long-term data on this treatment isn't yet available, but it has been shown to help tumors shrink.
Side effects of embolization
Possible complications after embolization include abdominal pain, fever, nausea, infection in the liver, gallbladder inflammation, and blood clots in the main blood vessels of the liver. Serious complications are not common, but they are possible.
Last Medical Review: 06/21/2012
Last Revised: 01/18/2013
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Economists have been puzzling over whether a three-year slowdown in the growth of health-care spending, prompted by the economy, portends a permanent change. Federal projections indicate that isn't the case.
A forecast released Tuesday said the growth rate for U.S. health spending of all types would stay historically low the next two years. But it would increase if most of the federal health-care overhaul takes effect in 2014. After that, the rate would drop, but spending still would grow at a higher rate than that of the past few years, according to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
The figures, published in the trade journal Health Affairs, suggest the current soft spending is a short-term trend. Consumers have been cutting back on doctors' visits and employers have trimmed insurance since the U.S. first fell into a recession.
National health-care spending growth was 3.8% in 2009, the smallest increase on record, and was followed by a similar 3.9% in 2010. Economists in the new report projected similar rises averaging 4% annually for 2011, 2012 and 2013. (Actual 2011 spending hasn't yet been calculated.)
Spending would jump 7.4% in 2014 when the health-care law is scheduled to be fully implemented, the analysts predict, as millions of Americans gain coverage through subsidized insurance plans purchased through government-run exchanges or through Medicaid, the federal-state program for low-income people.
The fate of the law is uncertain. The Supreme Court could strike down part or all of it this month, and Republicans—including likely presidential candidate Mitt Romney— have pledged to repeal it. Democrats have said they believe the law will be upheld and that they expect to continue to carry it out.
The federal analysts said their projections could be affected by changes in the law or economy.
The analysts said most spending increases projected for 2014 would be due to routine doctors' visits and prescription drugs, as the majority of newly insured people are expected to be young and relatively healthy. They also predicted greater spending on health insurance and government administration if the law takes full effect that year.
Spending growth would slow again starting in 2015 and average 6.2% each year through 2021, the analysts said.
Overall, the new health-care law would have only a small impact on total health-care expenditures, they said, because the new outlays would be offset by provisions expected to reduce spending on Medicare and on some high-cost health plans.
In all, only 0.1 percentage point of the expected annual average growth could be attributed to the law, the analysts said, although that comes to about $478 billion by 2021.
A bigger reason for projected spending growth is the aging of baby boomers as they make greater use of Medicare, the federal insurance program for the elderly, the analysts said.
By 2021, health-care spending is likely to be nearly a fifth of the U.S. economy, at 19.6% of gross domestic product, up from 17.9%, or roughly a sixth, in 2010. The government share of the spending also would be greater, at nearly 50%, up from 46%, mostly because of the anticipated growth in Medicare enrollment.
Write to Louise Radnofsky at email@example.com
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Our team of more than 30 clinicians provides evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment for children with established or suspected autism diagnoses.
Currently 1 in 88 children in the United States is suspected of being on the autism spectrum, and it is our mission to help diagnose, and work to improve the quality of life for individuals on the autism spectrum and their families.
Through partnerships with families, professionals, and the autism community, we hope to find ways for these patients to be active participants in their homes, communities, and families.
Autism Treatment Network
Sponsored by Autism Speaks, OHSU and 16 other sites across the country work together to improve the availability, quality, and effectiveness of medical care for individuals with autism and their families. In support of these efforts, we have established a Family Advisory Committee to help direct our programmatic goals.
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ITTO Releases Report on Tropical Forest Management
7 June 2011: The International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) has released a report titled "Status of Tropical Forest Management 2011," which states that the area of tropical forests under sustainable management has increased by 50% since 2005. It also warns that over 90% of tropical forests globally are poorly managed or not at all.
The report provides a comprehensive assessment of progress being made towards sustainable forest management (SFM) in each ITTO producer member country and identifies remaining challenges. It notes that the area of timber production forests subject to at least some sort of management plan has increased by one third since 2005, but that less than 10% of all forests are sustainably managed. Andy White, Rights and Resources Initiative, stated that "reforming tenure and supporting community forestry are needed to prevent the continued loss of tropical forests."
The report also notes that 26 of 33 surveyed countries are participating in at least one initiative related to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD). Emmanuel Ze Meka, ITTO's Executive Director stated, “we fully support the emergence of new markets for ‘green' timber and the recent push to include forests in a climate change accord, but in many countries these developments alone may not be transformational.”
The report further reviews the progress of third-party certified forests in Africa, but notes that certification still remains expensive and generates little financial award, questioning whether certification can provide a return on investment sufficient to be a strong driver of sustainability in tropical forests. [Publication: Status of Tropical Forest Management 2011] [ITTO Press Release]
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7. Linked tables and relationships
The previous page has a picture showing two tables with related fields. These are depicted graphically as a line between them.
The line between the fields has a '1' on one side and the infinity sign on the other. In Access this indicates a 'one-to-many' relationship. This is described in more detail on the Entity Relationship Diagram mini-web.
A small relational database may only contain two tables whilst a large corporate database could contain hundreds of tables.
Challenge see if you can find out one extra fact on this topic that we haven't already told you
Click on this link: database diagrams
Copyright © www.teach-ict.com
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From OSGeo Wiki
This is an informal FAQ mostly drawn from conversations on the committee email list where we help projects through the OSGeo incubation process.
Projects Joining the Foundation
This is a working draft of the the OSGeo FAQ section for projects joining the foundation.
- What software projects are currently part of the foundation?
- On its formation, the GDAL/OGR, GeoTools, GRASS GIS, Mapbender, MapBuilder, MapGuide Open Source, MapServer and OSSIM projects declared their support, and joined as projects in incubation. Since then all of these projets have successfully graduated as full projects from this list. Further projects have entered incubation and some have also graduated. See the OSGeo Projects on the foundation website for an official list.
- What does a project need to do to join?
- Projects need to go through the Incubation process to join the foundation. Details on how to apply, and how the process works are available on the Incubator web page.
- So when can my project join?
- The Incubator is now accepting applications to join the foundation. Only a limited number of projects can be effectively handled in the incubation process at a time, so please be patient.
- Do foundation projects need to sign over copyright to the foundation?
- No. Copyright to individual contributions in foundation projects is expected to remain with the original developer. However, assigning copyright to the foundation is an available option.
- Do project developers need to sign a legal agreement?
- No. Generally speaking this is not required, but some specific projects may require developers or their employers to sign a contributor agreement.
- Do foundation projects need to turn over project control to the foundation?
- No. The foundation is not interested in controlling foundation projects. However, foundation projects are expected to follow some foundation rules, mostly around the need to ensure that project code is not legally encumbered (e.g., not stolen, or improperly contributed), and that appropriate controls are in place to ensure code is properly contributed. Some additional expectations may exist around projects operating in an open and accountable fashion, handling foundation-provided funding appropriately and not taking actions that will cause legal problems or negative goodwill for the foundation. The foundation also encourages, but does not require, projects to support foundation goals, such as implementing standards-based interoperability.
- Can my project operate as a benevolent dictatorship?
- No. OSGeo projects are typically governed by a Project Steering Committee (PSC). The PSC should operate openly and with a consensus based approach. While the PSC may delegate specific responsibilities to particular project members it is ultimately intended to be the governing body for the project. A benevolent dictatorship is not considered a suitable open and consensus based approach to governance.
- Do I have to use mandated source control / web system / bug system / mailing list from the foundation?
- No. Projects joining the foundation can continue to use their traditional source control system, web site system, bug tracker and mailing list software. However, the foundation does offer these infrastructural components, and encourages their use to provide a more consistent way for users and developers to interact with the different foundation projects.
- Does the foundation mandate a particular license for software?
- The foundation only accepts projects that use Open Source Initiative certified licenses for their software, and requires that projects stick to OSI-certified licenses. This includes common licenses such as MIT/X, BSD, GPL, and LGPL. The foundation encourages library projects to use the LGPL or a more permissive license (such as MIT/X or BSD) rather than the GPL so that the libraries can be reused by non-GPL projects, but does not require it. The foundation also discourages a proliferation of new and incompatible licenses.
- Does the foundation mandate a particular license for content other than software, such as geodata, educational materials, documentation, etc.?
- The foundation accepts non-software projects that use Creative Commons or similar licenses for their public geodata, educational material, or promotional material. The foundation also discourages a proliferation of new and incompatible licenses.
- What happens to projects that have fallen out of use or stop to be developed?
- Projects that have passed a state of maturity and have fallen out of use are expected to retire themselves. The project MapBuilder has gone through this process and created an exemplary way of going about it.
- What happens to graduated projects that fail to operate under the criteria set forth by OSGeo?
- So far this has not happened yet but there is continuous interaction with all projects through the OSGeo Live project which is a good meter to understand the internal workings of a project. Should a project chose to change course and deviate considerably from the criteria set forth by OSGeo then the community will have to decide how to proceed. Being a healthy, open an collaborative environment OSGeo will eventually find a solution.
- How does the Incubation Committee operate?
- The rough guideline is that anything about the functioning of this committee is fair game for the email list. By the same token we encourage projects to push back on the incubation committee early and often (we can take it).
- What crosses the line and requires privacy?
- Sensitive discussions of a legal/license nature are best bounced off a project's mentor, who could arrange for you to speak with a project's PSC if needed. If it has a chance of shutting down a project best have a sanity check first - often you will find the project/mentor are already on the job.
- What is the tone on the Incubation list.
- We try to be fair but as everywhere this is just a group of individuals, many of whom have never met in real life before. Therefore please bear with us and, citing our current Chair, Australia has a kind expression: "Eat some concrete and harden up". By all means the incubation committee can be a supportive environment for some "tough love".
Q: What is incubation
Incubation in a process used to add projects to the Open Source Geospaital foundation. It is design as a quick safety check prior to a project being recognised as part of the foundation.
For more details see the main web page: http://www.osgeo.org/incubator
Q: Why have a mentor
The Incubation Committee committee asks for a mentor to assist each project through incubation for a number of reasons.
We are making available a member of the committee on your developer email list as an out reach effort to your community. It is often easier to have discussions (on open source basics, or incubation checks) on the project email where everyone is comfortable
Not all questions are suitable for public discussion. The incubation process can touch on a few subjects that should be handled with care (such as code ownership, code distribution, license questions and so forth). Having a mentor to talk (and arrange suitable help) can be very useful to collection the required information to continue.
Q: What about long term viability?
A: The incubation process really wants to check that a project is not going to suddenly disappear:
- That a project has a high bus number and will not suddenly end if a central key developer leaves or is no longer available
- That a project draws on several organisations (and thus sources of funding) for its health and well being
Q: What about existing projects
A: Existing projects answer to the board
Incubation is a dynamic process reflecting the needs of the foundation today. The incubation process and checklists are updated to reflect these changes and are adjusted as the foundation priorities change.
Existing projects are not expected revisit the incubation process they are answerable directly to the board via a "project officer". If the board requires any additional information or policy change suitable arrangements can be made.
Open Source Basics
Q: Open Source License?
A: Recognised by Open Source Initiative
It is not enough to give the source code away for free - projects are expected to be open source in license.
For the purposes of incubation that amounts to the projects being distributed under a license recognised here:
Q: Attribution and Agreement
A: Record who wrote it and check they agree to let you distribute it
On the face of it this is a real easy check to understand - but a very hard one to get correct. Projects receive input in large part through contributors and committers; supplemented by patches submitted via issue trackers.
Some projects allow contributors to keep their own (c) and simply ask that all contributions be provided under a common license. Other projects ask that copyright be assigned to a common organisation this allows the project to change license in the future if needed.
- It is common for projects to get in trouble with individuals contributing fixes; while working as an employee. In these cases the employees often owns the contribution and a separate code contribution agreement must be filled in by the employer.
- It is common from working code to be picked up from one project and used to fix an issue in another. Care must be taken to ensure the licenses compatible or suitable arrangements have been made.
This is often checked against file headers and verified using version control history, issue tracker history and any written records such as code contribution agreements.
- PostGIS contributions are made under a common license with no copyright assignment
- GeoTools contributions are made after a developer has signed a code contribution to the OSGeo Foundation
- GeoServer contributions are assigned to the Open Planning Project
- GeoTools has a standing arrangement with GeoServer allowing code to be contributed; in each case an email request is made and formally responded to prior to a fix being back ported to GeoTools. This is a case of a procedure being established allowing the license of the code to be changed from GPL to LGPL.
Q: Is a code contribution agreement required
A: A code contribution agreement is not required, but we do ask projects to make a decision either way (to be clear on how they operate)
- No agreement: The PostGIS project RFC-5: PostGIS Committer Guidelines asks developer to respect the coding standards, and tracks a name of the committers so the can be credited with the work
- The GDAL commiter guidelines has a legal section stressing the responsibility to ensure the code is appropriately contributed. GDAL expects new commiters to publically acknowledge that they have read the guidelines and will endevour to adhere to them (on public mailing list).
- The GeoTools project Comitters roles and responsibilities documents expectations on committter behaviour and links to a formal GeoToolsAssignmentToOSGeo.pdf which must be printed out, and mailed to the OSGeo Foundation.
Q: What is needed for Open Development
A: A procedure for several organisations to collaborate, open to new organisations becoming involved
This is perhaps the most important indicattor of long term viability is how well a project practices open development.
We are really looking for two things:
- Evidence that the procedures are in place allowing the project to be run by several organisations as a collaboration
- Ensuring new groups can take part
While this is sometimes considered a tall order, what we are really asking is that projects write down how they are functioning today. As long as new volunteers can take part the project is considered open.
- OSSIM makes key decisions made over breakfast in a monthly face to face meeting.
- The direction for GeoNetwork was often set by key stakeholders meeting face to face each year.
- MapServer Request for Change procedure has been adopted by several projects for public participation.
- GeoTools Request for Change procedure
- GeoServer has a GeoServer Improvement Proposal procedure
- The original Apache Voting Process is here
Several of these procedures make use of a project steering committee, in each case there is a procedure for new members to be added to the project steering committee.
Q: Why check Email List Activity
A: Confirm open communication
Mentors sign up to the developer and email lists to look for a healthy interaction between developers and users. We are especially looking for evidence of collaboration between organisations.
A: Confirm open decision making
A key component of open development is ensuring that the project procedures are applicable to all groups taking part in the project. This is often really illustrated around accepting new contributors, planning future development and making new releases.
- We do expect gaps (and understanding) around the careful balance between meeting paying customers expectations while still maintaining open communication with the community. As such we are used to see pending work proposed (and checked with the community) and then withdrawn if the appropriate funding was not obtained.
Q: What to look for in headers
A: That they exist and that the correctly attribute the code and establish the project is allowed to distribute
Headers are your life lifeline if any legal questions are asked around your project. At a minimum they should provided copywriter and license information.
- (FAIL) Missing header
- (FAIL) Header indicating the file was copied and pasted from the Sun JRE source code
- (SUCCESS) GeoTools User Guide listing both source and documentation licenses. Mix of licenses discovered during incubation - highlights include how to handle "one off" licenses (SOSNOKILLLICENSE and Happy Fun Ball License)
- (SUCCESS) GeoTools Developer Guide Examples showing how to attribute prior work; adjust code when changing license and more
Q: Sample data licensing?
You should double check that you have permission to distribute the sample data included with your application or documentation. Even it is just toy data included with your source code for test cases.
A: If you are unsure where the data came from
You can mention that the sample data is of unknown license; raise an issue in your issue tracker to sort out, and proceed to graduation.
A: If you know where the data came from.
Other projects (in their review) tend write down where the data came from - often taking steps to thank the organisation that provided the data.
- (FAIL) Early uDig included some sample data from an ESRI product (simply because that was the data used for testing). The project pulled those releases when the problem was noticed.
- (SUCCESS) The live DVD is distribution the natural earth dataset and mention that the license is public domain.
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4/18 in Yankee History
The red-letter days -
1929: At the Stadium, the Yankees take the field with uniform numbers for the first time. The numbers are assigned according to the player’s spot in the batting order: Combs‚ 1; Koenig‚ 2; Ruth‚ 3; Gehrig‚ 4; Meusel‚ 5; Lazzeri 6; Durocher 7; Grabowski‚ 8.
After two cancellations of their season start, the Yankees open against the Red Sox before 40‚000 at the Stadium‚ winning 7-3. Judge
Landis presents diamond-studded watches to the New York players in honour of their championship season in 1928. New York starter George Pipgras allows just 3 hits in 5 1/3 innings‚ but walks 9. Reliever Fred Heimach then pitches hitless ball to preserve the win. In his first at bat against Boston’s Red Ruffing‚ the newly wed Babe Ruth hits a homer and as he rounds 2nd base‚ he doffs his cap to his bride Claire in the stands. Gehrig adds a round tripper in the 6th‚ off Milt Gaston. The win goes to George Pipgras (# 14)‚ with Fred Heimach (#17) picking up the save.
1923: On a balmy spring day‚ the debut of Yankee Stadium I is a huge success, with an announced attendance of 74‚217. Another 25‚000 are turned away. Police arrest two scalpers: one man for trying to sell a $1.10 grandstand ticket for $1.25‚ while another tries to get $1.50. Governor Al Smith throws out the first ball. Bob Shawkey‚ aided by Babe Ruth’s 3-run homer (the venue’s first) in the 3rd inning‚ beats Howard Ehmke and the Red Sox 4-1. Ruth also makes the Stadium’s first error. Shawkey allows 3 hits‚ including an RBI triple in the 7th by former Yank Norm McMillan.
On other 18ths of April…
2010: The Yankees beat the Texas Rangers 5-2 at the Stadium behind the four-hit, eight-inning pitching of Andy Pettitte and home runs by Mark Teixera and Jorge Posada. Recovering from a bout with cancer, longtime Yankee trainer Gene Monahan throws out the first pitch.
2009: Getting the ball against Cleveland at the new Stadium, Chien-Ming Wang’s problems with injuries and shoulder weakness become apparent from the start of the second inning, and rather than stretch an already spent bullpen, Joe Girardi replaces him him eight runs into the frame with newly promoted (that very day) Anthony Claggett. Somehow surviving the 14-run inning, the rookie righthander will eventually be charged with eight runs of his own, and the home team fall 22-4.
2005: The Yankees score an AL record-tying (for the inning) 13 runs in the 2nd frame on their way to a 19-8 thrashing of the Devil Rays. Alex Rodriguez leads the 20-hit barrage with 5 safeties‚ including 2 doubles and a pair of HRs‚ and 6 RBI. He scores 5 runs. Tino Martinez also drives home 6 runs for NY. The last time the Yankees scored 13 runs in an inning was in 1945; the team record of 14 in an inning was set in 1920 against the Senators.
After the game, Yankee reliever Tanyon Sturtze is placed on the 15-day disabled list with a strained left oblique muscle. Injuries will plague the hurler for the remainder of his tenure with the team.
2003: The Yankees beat the Twins‚ 11-4, as Roger Clemens goes 6 innings before giving way to the bullpen. New York starting pitchers have a combined 11-0 record‚ tying the 1990 Milwaukee Brewers for the best start by a rotation in the last 50 years.
1998: The Yankees set a team record for the longest win streak in Detroit as they win their 12th straight‚ beating the Tigers‚ 8-3. It is
their 8th straight win overall and David Cone’s first of the year. Greg Keagle takes the loss. The Tigers will beat the Yanks tomorrow‚ 2-1.
1959: ’80s Yankee lefty Dennis Rasmussen is born. Happy 53rd, D.R.!
1955: Mickey Mantle’s 2-run homer in the 3rd off Harry Byrd provides all the scoring Whitey Ford needs‚ as the lefty tosses a 3-hitter
against the Orioles. New York top the O’s‚ 6-0.
1953: Harry Niles, starting second baseman for the 1908 Highlanders (the first of four Yankee teams to finish in last place, and the first to lose 100 or more games), dies at the age of 72.
1951: Southpaw Eddie Lopat 2-hits the Red Sox‚ as the Yankees win, 6-1.
1950: At Fenway‚ Happy Chandler gives Ted Williams his MVP Award‚ and then Governor Paul Dever tosses out the first ball. To the delight of 31‚822 fans‚ Boston rip Yankee starter Allie Reynolds with a five-run 4th inning to drive the Chief from the game and take a 9-0 lead. But the Yanks answer with four in the 6th off Mel Parnell and then‚ down 10-4‚ New York unload for nine runs in the 8th. Billy Martin (2-for-2) becomes the first player in history to get two base hits in one inning in his major league debut. He doubles against Mel Parnell on his first at bat in the 8th‚ and singles off Al Papai. Walt Masterson gives up Tommy Henrich’s 2nd triple of the game before giving way to four more Sox hurlers. Boo Ferriss‚ pitching in his last game‚ allows the last two runs in the 9th inning as the Yanks chalk up a 15-10 win. The game marks the biggest lead the Sox have ever blown at Fenway to date (on June 4‚ 1989‚ they’ll blow a 10-run lead at home). Joe DiMaggio‚ Yogi Berra‚ Vern Stephens‚ and Bobby Doerr each have three hits. Don Johnson is the winner‚ his last one for New York‚ with Joe Page pitching a perfect 8th and 9th in relief.
1948: Yankee Stadium I accommodates its largest crowd ever for an exhibition game, as 62,369 fans watch the Dodgers edge the home side 5-3.
1944: At Fenway Park‚ Hank Borowy of the Yankees shuts out the Red Sox 3-0 on five hits‚ as New York’s Johnny Lindell hits the first home run of 1944‚ an opposite field shot in the 2nd inning. Lance ‘Yank’ Terry allows 7 hits in 7 innings to take the loss for Boston.
1938: At Fenway Park‚ Boston’s Jim Bagby‚ Jr. becomes the 7th pitcher this century to make his ML debut as an Opening Day starter.
Bagby gives up 4 runs to the Yankees in 6 innings of work‚ leaving with a 4-2 deficit. But in the bottom of the 6th‚ the Sox pound Red Ruffing and reliever Joe Vance for six runs‚ all charged to Red‚ to win‚ 8-4. Bagby is given the win‚ with Ruffing the loser. Archie McKain pitches the last 3 innings allowing just one Yankee hit. Ben Chapman has the game’s only homer in the 2nd inning.
1909: In an exhibition game between the New York Highlanders and the Jersey City Skeeters‚ the 2 teams are concerned about violating the Sunday “Blue Laws.” Worried about arrests‚ the Jersey management pass out cards to spectators asking them to keep quiet.
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The Ritz Theatre opened 10 years ago this month, at least the most recent version. Part of the building actually dates to 1929, when the Ritz movie theater opened on North Davis Street at a time when the LaVilla neighborhood was the entertainment and cultural center of African-American life in Jacksonville.
Two of the original walls were kept when the Ritz went through a $4.2 million rebuilding in the late 1990s. On Sept. 21, 1999, the ribbon was cut, and the Ritz Theatre and LaVilla Museum opened.
Since then, it's been home to concerts, amateur nights and exhibits reflecting African-Americans in Northeast Florida.
Today, the theater begins the celebration of those past 10 years. Here's the schedule.
- Noon Tuesday: Mayor John Peyton will attend a news conference to kick off the celebration.
- 6 p.m. Tuesday: "Legends: The Legacy of Black Coaching in Jacksonville." Those who coached during segregation will talk about those days. Free.
- 7:30 p.m. Thursday: "Poets of the New Revolution: An Evening with Sonia Sanchez." Sanchez, a member of the Black Arts Movement, is the author of more than a dozen books of poetry as well as plays and children's books. $20.
- 2-8 p.m. Saturday: Ritz Block Party. Davis Street will be closed, and the party will take place inside and outside the theater. Outside, Dwele and Roy Ayers will perform, and vendors will sell food. Inside, old movies and cartoons from the Ritz's heyday will be shown. Free.
- 3 p.m. Tuesday, Sept. 22: A traditional high tea social will honor community supporters. $10.
- 7 p.m. Wednesday, Sept. 23: A film on Harry T. Moore, founder of the first branch of the NAACP in Brevard County, will be shown chronicling his life and the sacrifices during the Civil Rights Era, and a panel discussion will be held. Free.
- 8 p.m. Friday, Sept. 25: Ritz Rent Party. A fundraiser for the Ritz will feature actor, director, singer, choreographer and Tony nominee Maurice Hines presenting his "Harlem Showcase" and the debut of the Ritz Jazz Orchestra in auditorium. The old Two Spot Ballroom will be re-created in the lobby; the LaVilla Supper Club will be under a tent outside; and the museum will be a speakeasy. $50.
Admission to the LaVilla Museum will be free through Friday, Sept. 25.
firstname.lastname@example.org, (904) 359-4296
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Parish priest in Silao, Mexico noted for his zeal as a pastor to his parishioners. During the Mexican Revolution, laws were enacted that required priests to register with the government; Jose did not register, and in 1927 went into hiding in León. In April 1927 Father Rangel went to secretly celebrate Holy Week with the Minims in San Francisco del Rincón where he administered the sacraments and visisted the sick in hospital. Discovered by authorities on 22 April 1927, Father Jose admitted to being a priest; he was arrested, interrogated, tortured, and shot. Martyr.
- 20 November 2005 by Pope Benedict XVI
- recognition celebrated by Cardinal Saraiva Martins in Guadalajara, Mexico
- if you have information relevant to the canonization of Blessed Jose, contact
20 de Enero, 208, Zona Centro
37000 Leon, Gto., MEXICO
- “Blessed José Trinidad Rangel y Montaño“. Saints.SQPN.com. 24 April 2013. Web. 24 May 2013. <>
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WXYZ, the local Detroit ABC affiliate, reports that there has been an explosion at a battery lab facility on the campus of GM's Technical Center in Warren. Two people have been injured and were taken to nearby hospitals and all employees have been evacuated from that building.
The Warren Fire Department reports that there was a lithium battery explosion at a lab on campus — no word yet on whether it was a Chevy Volt battery but the risk of battery fires in post-crash Chevrolet Volts was recently investigated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and GM Chairman and CEO Dan Akerson testified before the federal agency. But, NHTSA closed the investigation in January and released a finding showing no safety issues.
The Detroit News has the following statement from GM:
"We're aware of an incident this morning at one of our labs at the GM Tech Center that required a fire and emergency response," said GM spokesman Greg Martin. "All employees are accounted for, and we're trying to learn more details and we'll share them when we can."
UPDATE: One Jalopnik commenter tells us:
This is the same building where I work. The explosion was down the hall from my lab about 200 feet. I have a friend that works in the battery lab, hopefully he's alright and not one of the injured ones. I will provide details as I learn them.
But thanks to the sheer size of the mile-long complex, some, like those in design, didn't hear a thing, as another Jalopnik commenter replied back:
damn, im in design, didn't even hear about it.....is this the building where they do weather testing also?
If you were also on scene at GM's Warren Tech Center at the time of the explosion, share your stories in the comments below and we'll pull them up here to highlight what you saw, heard and experienced.
UPDATE 2: The Detroit Free Press now says:
A woman working in a battery research laboratory was taken to St. John Hospital and Medical Center in Detroit, Warren Fire Commissioner Wilburt (Skip) McAdams said.
"She is conscious; she's in a lot of pain. She's a ‘Priority 2,' which means she has life-threatening injuries," McAdams said.
GM said in a statement that five people were "being evaluated on scene by medical personnel." GM spokesman Greg Martin declined to call it an explosion.
Smoke throughout the multi-lab building forced the evacuation of about 80 workers. A Free Press reporter this morning was denied access to the facility, which is subject to intense security due to the proprietary nature of product development.
GM released a statement at 11 a.m. saying the incident was "unrelated to the Chevrolet Volt or any other production vehicle."
Photo Credit: Local 4 News
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Well, I'd say you've had just about enough prelude and general fooling around by now. In these first three chapters, you've learned what the Internet is, what hardware and software you need to get on the Internet, how to find and choose your Internet provider, and how to get connected.
That's all the preparation you need ”it's time to start browsing. You'll do that in Chapter 4, "Basic Browsing."
Chapter 4. Basic Browsing
Whew. You've made it through the first three chapters, which are full of all the necessary ”yet occasionally mundane ”details that provide the background of Internet usage. Alas, you can now rest assured that the remainder of this book will be nothing but fun, fun, fun!
Well, that might be stretching it a bit. But the fact of the matter is that with this chapter, you begin to get into the meat of why you wanted to get on the Internet in the first place ”browsing the World Wide Web. The Web is one of the two biggest reasons that the average Joe hops online; the other is email (which is covered in Chapter 5, "Sending and Receiving Email").
Over the last six
About Your "Home Page"
Most Web browsers are configured to go automatically to a particular Web page as soon as you
. A Web page a browser is configured to go to automatically when you open it, to provide a starting point for your Web
Note that "home page" has two meanings in Web parlance: It also describes a Web page that serves as the main information resource for a particular person or organization. For example, www.toyota.com may be described as Toyota's "home page."
For example, if you get Internet Explorer directly from Microsoft, it opens at the Microsoft Network's home page at www.msn.com (see Figure 4.1). If you get Netscape Navigator directly from Netscape, it opens automatically to a similar startup page at Netscape.
Figure 4.1. Your browser goes automatically to its home page. The home page might have been selected by the browser maker or by your Internet provider.
However, if you get your software from your Internet provider, your browser might have been reconfigured with a new home page, one that's set up by your provider as a starting point for its subscribers. This home page also serves as a source of news and information about the provider and its services.
You don't have to do anything with your home page. You can just ignore it, and jump from it to
Often, you'll find a great selection of links on your home page to other fun or useful pages. If your home page happens to be one set up by your local ISP, the page might even contain local news, weather, and links to other pages with information about your community. Now and then, before striking out onto the Web, be sure to give your home page a glance to check out what it has to offer.
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This is the third and final set in the cycle of postal values dedicated to animals living in our fields and forests. Designed by Belgian wildlife artist Johan de Crem, the stamps depict the following subjects:
The roe-deer (Réi)
The roe-deer is recognizable by its brown-red fur in summer and gray-brown fur in winter, it has an area of white fur on the buttocks. Only the male, called a buck, has antlers.
An animal that prefers the forest, the roe-deer nevertheless can adapt to different surroundings and one can sometimes encounter the animal in parks and even close to villages. Its preferred areas, however, remain the edges of forests and the prairies (undergrowth beneath stands of trees).
Nervous yet curious animals, the best time to encounter them is at dawn or dusk, most often at the edge of a forest. However, it is not unusual to see them in broad daylight near a highway or in the middle of a field.
|Price of the series:||2,80 + 0,50 = 3,30 €|
|Artwork:||Johan de Crem, Thoricourt (B)|
|Printing:||Multicoloured photogravure by the Imprimerie du Timbre, La Poste; Malines (B)|
|Size:||27.66 x 40.20 mm, 20 stamps per sheet|
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You are hereHome ›
9/10/2007 Health Notes
*WHAT IS UNCONDITIONAL LOVE?*
*REAL LOVE: The Love We’ve All Been Looking For*
We've heard songs about it, seen it in the movies, heard it talked about on Oprah by relationship experts, and read about it in thousands of self help books. But, what is unconditional love? We all want to feel loved. We think about it, hope for it, fantasize about it, go to great lengths to achieve it, and feel that our lives are incomplete without it. The lack of unconditional love is the cause of most of our anger and confusion. It is no exaggeration to say that our emotional need for unconditional love is just as great as our physical need for air and food.
September 10, 2007
KFAI Web Exclusive
Can't get enough of the programs you hear on the air? Then check out KFAI's Web Exclusive programming for the no-holds-barred, uncut content that you won't find anywhere else! New episodes are uploaded every Thursday, so look beyond the radio-dial!
Listen to News podcasts
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Why is that the final variable has to be initialized as soon as it is declare?
Answered by: r.praveenkumar
View all answers by r.praveenkumar
Member Since Oct-2007 |
Answered On : Aug 1st, 2008
when a variable is declared as final we cant change its value again. we use final variable to declare a constant so when we declare a variable as final and if we were allowed to not to give its value at the time of declaration it would not make sense so people who designed java made mandatory to give the value when we declare a final variable. then only it will be sensible.final PI=3.14;then we cant change PI's value. think if the above statement do not contain a vl it would not make sense.
final keyword can be applied on:-
2.member functions(only non-static)
3.data-members(both static and non-static)
1.by making a class final ,that class cannot be inherited....
Like any variable, a final variable can also be first declared and then assigned a value. But it can be only assigned a value once and only once ( as its final variable ).
for example :-
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Apr. 17, 2012 Violence in men can be explained by traditional theories of sexual selection. In a review of the literature, Professor John Archer from the University of Central Lancashire, a Fellow of the British Psychological Society, points to a range of evidence that suggests that high rates of physical aggression and assaults in men are rooted in inter-male competition.
These findings are presented April 18 at the British Psychological Society Annual Conference held at the Grand Connaught Rooms, London (18-20 April).
Professor Archer describes evidence showing that differences between men and women in the use of physical aggression peak when men and women are in their twenties. In their twenties, men are more likely to report themselves as high in physical aggression, and to be arrested for engaging in assaults and the use of weapons, than at any other age. They also engage in these activities at a phenomenally higher rate than women.
Professor Archer highlights that sex differences in aggression are not observed in relation to indirect forms of aggression but become larger with the severity of violence. Indeed, at the extreme end of violence, there are a minimal number of female-female homicides in the face of a high male-male homicide rate. Interestingly, men are also much more likely to engage in risky behaviour in the presence of other men.
Professor Archer says that a range of male features that develop during adolescence arising from hormonal changes in testosterone accentuate aggressive behaviour. Examples include the growth of facial hair, voice pitch and facial changes such as brow ridge and chin size. He implicates height, weight and strength differences between men and women as further evidence of male adaptation to engage in fighting.
How does the environment influence aggression and violence? Professor Archer suggests there are two key principles -- unequal wealth and a high ratio of sexually active men to women -- that may increase physical aggression and violence in young men.
Professor Archer says: "The research evidence highlights that societal issues such as inequality of wealth and competition between males may contribute to the violence we see in today's society."
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Live Earth Run for Water 'Timely' Says Maori Leader
Ngapuhi leader David Rankin has stated that the Live Earth Run for Water, which takes place on Sunday 18 April, is a timely reminder for Maori that the water situation in New Zealand needs more attention.
"For decades, we have been using water without much consideration for its sustainability", says Mr Rankin, "and we are now seeing the consequences of that in the form of shortages that are spreading throughout the country"
"This is a particular issue for Maori, because in our culture, water has its own mauri - its own life force - and so when that is depleted, so are the people".
Mr Rankin will be attending the Auckland leg of the run on Sunday 18 April as kaumatua for the event ad says he feels honoured by the role he has been asked to fulfil:
"This is a worthy cause, and I am committed to doing everything possible to raise awareness among our people for environmental issues of this nature".
Auckland will be the first location in this global event where the run will take place.
Originally published in Scoop
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Bird Species Discovered, and Promptly Marked for Drowning
Posted by Richard Conniff on September 5, 2012
Take a look, and hear it sing.
It’s relatively rare to find a new species of bird, like this one in Colombia. But it’s apparent fate is not so rare. Having been described for the first time in July, it’s already facing extinction with its habitat scheduled to be submerged by a new hydroelectric project.
Here’s the press release from the American Bird Conservancy:
(Washington, D.C., September 5, 2012) Celebrations over the discovery in Colombia of a new species of bird were short lived when it was revealed that much of its habitat – also the habitat for a threatened macaw – is in danger of being flooded by a new hydro-electric dam project.
The July edition of The Auk – a leading, peer-reviewed ornithology journal – announcing the discovery of the Antioquia Wren (Thryophilus sernai) in the Central Andes of Colombia, came one year into a seven-year construction project for what is to become the largest power station in the country. The nearly $5.5 billion, 738 foot tall Pescadero-Ituango hydroelectric dam will flood 15 square miles of habitat, drowning all six locations where the newly identified bird has been confirmed so far.
Of equal concern is the likely flooding by the dam of habitat for the last colony in the region of the threatened Military Macaw. This spectacular green, red, and turquoise parrot has scattered, sparse populations throughout Central and South America, including one colony 15 miles (25 km) upstream from the dam—well within area targeted for flooding.
“The timing of this discovery of a new species seemingly couldn’t have been worse, especially given the dam project has been in the pipeline for decades and just recently has gotten a green light. Despite the seriousness of the threat to these birds posed by this massive engineering project, here is still some hope to mitigate impacts to the birds,” said Benjamin Skolnik, Conservation Project Specialist for American Bird Conservancy, who oversees the organization’s conservation work in Colombia. “This region of Colombia is a world-class birding tourism destination, and the government understands how valuable birds are to the economy. This may help in the survival of the new wren and the macaw.”
One potential mitigation action that could be taken by the government to aid the new wren is the protection of non-flooded habitat upstream of the dam. If enough suitable habitat is protected as a new protected area, it may be possible to safeguard viable populations of the macaw and wren populations against loss to logging, cattle grazing, and agriculture. Detailed environmental impact studies should explore these possibilities as well as other measures to conserve remaining habitat.
Colombia is home to 1,890 bird species, over 100 of which are threatened globally and 70 of which are endemic to the country. Some of the key species that are threatened are the Santa Marta Parakeet, Dusky Starfrontlet, Gorgeted Puffleg, Chestnut-capped Piha, and Blue-billed Curassow. In addition, the country boasts extensive birding infrastructure such as reserves and lodges. ABC has worked with Fundación ProAves, a leading Colombian environmental group, to establish fourteen such reserves encompassing around 50,000 acres.
“Bird conservation efforts have a history of giving back to local communities for the long haul in a fashion that has been a win-win for all concerned. The conservation programs are helping to not only protect and rehabilitate the land and forests but they also provide improved habitat for birds and other wildlife that ultimately bring in tourism dollars. And we’ve demonstrated a variety of conservation and farming techniques that benefit wildlife while at the same time offer equal or even higher farming returns,” said Lina Daza Rojas, Executive Director from ProAves.
The new wren is predominantly brown and white, and differs from similar species in several ways, including, plumage coloration of the upper parts, the pattern of barring on the wings and tail, overall smaller body size, and unique vocalizations. It prefers patches of dry forest at 820-2,800 feet (250-850 meters) in elevation in the dry Cauca River Canyon, a narrow inter-Andean valley enclosed by the rainforests of the Nechí Refuge and the northern sectors of the Western and Central Andes of Colombia.
According to The Auk, the resultant flooding from the dam would lead to the loss of an important area for the conservation ofthenew wren, precisely in the sector with the least-disturbed dry forests of the region, and where other bird species of conservation concern occur. This new wren is presently known from six localities within an estimated total area of about 650 square miles (1,700 km2), and the extent and quality of its habitat are expected to decline. Thus, the species would be classified at least as “vulnerable” under IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List Criteria.
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Become a Partner in this ministry!
Jewish Awareness Ministries
P.O. BOX 1808
ANGIER, NC 27501
by Stan Rosenthal
The phrase “apple of the eye” refers to the pupil of the eye. It is round, black and located in the center of the eye. The pupil is the opening into the eye that permits light to pass through, which in turn enables us to see. It is one of the most sensitive parts of the human anatomy. It is why God in His wisdom created man with lots of protection around the eye and especially its pupil. Just consider the socket in which it is embedded, the eyelid and eyelashes and even the eyebrows. Let’s not forget the ability the eye has to keep itself well watered to wash away potential harmful debris.
In examining the few scriptural passages where this phrase is used, it becomes obvious that the term is to be understood figuratively. It speaks to how one perceives or interprets something, rather than what one literally sees. It speaks primarily of endearment, care and protection. It conveys the concept of value and importance that one perceives concerning someone or something (cf. Deuteronomy 32:10; Proverbs 7:2; Psalms 17:8 & Zechariah 2:8).
Israel’s National Beginning
It was God in His sovereignty and wisdom that brought into existence the Jewish people from the loins of Abraham. He miraculously enabled this man of faith and his wife Sarah to give birth to Isaac (Genesis 21:2-3). It was not Ishmael, the son of Hagar, but rather Isaac the son of Abraham and Sarah that God had chosen to be the line from which the Messiah, the Redeemer, would enter the mainstream of humanity (Genesis 15:4). Once again Jehovah sovereignly intervened in establishing this unique people group. He laid His hand upon Abraham’s grandson Jacob, the son of Isaac, while he was yet still in his mother’s womb. God unmistakably identified him to be the one to bring forth this special predestined people group (Genesis 28:10-15). God’s sovereign choice was not his twin brother Esau, but rather Jacob. It was he who God renamed Israel, for he was to become the father of the nation bearing his new name. Jacob was that patriarch who fathered twelve sons who developed into the twelve tribes of Israel (Genesis 34:10-11). “For the LORD’S portion is his people; Jacob is the lot of his inheritance…the apple of his eye” (Deuteronomy 32:9, 10b).
It wasn’t until the sovereign, omnipotent Jehovah God redeemed and delivered these sons of the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob from their bondage in the land of Egypt that they entered into nationhood. Israel was created and formed by God. In the grand scheme of things He gave birth to them (Exodus 6:6-8). They have Jehovah as their father (Deuteronomy 32:6-8). From a purely human perspective, Jehovah God was both Israel’s father and mother. Not only did He create them, but nurtured and molded them into a nation belonging to Himself (Deuteronomy 32:9-11). They were indeed the “apple of His eye”.
Israel Preserved During Her Years of Apostasy
The sons of Jacob lost their way. This is stating the problem mildly. Consider the scathing description from the pen of Moses: “They have corrupted themselves, their spot is not the spot of his children: they are a perverse and crooked generation” (Deuteronomy 32:5). A continued reading of Deuteronomy 32:15-18 provides a short but devastating list of sins that can be summed up as both sins of commission and omission. They were guilty of not doing what God commanded of them, as well as doing those things that were abhorrent in the sight of God. In any case they were guilty of abandoning their beliefs and teachings which came from God through His prophet Moses. Jehovah was disheartened and angered, to say the least, over Israel’s apostasy (see Deuteronomy 32:18-26).
This theme repeats itself throughout much of the Scriptures and is found in both the Tenach (Old Testament) as well as the B’rit Hadashah (New Testament). The prophet Daniel in his inspired writings shares with his readers his prayerful plea to God relating to the restoration of Israel from the Babylonian captivity. As he pours out his heart for his people Israel and the holy city Jerusalem, he acknowledges his brethren’s sins, transgressions and iniquities, imploring God to keep His word, as found in Jeremiah chapters 25 and 29, despite their apostasy (Daniel 9:1-16, 24a).
Approximately half a millennium later, Jesus the Messiah likewise wept over His countryman for their guilt of apostasy. He surely did not mince words with them; His rebuke was severe. He claimed that they were rejecting Him as the promised Messiah just as they had denied and rejected their prophets which God sent to them during the previous fifteen hundred years. Jesus furthermore stated that this apostate condition would remain until He comes back out of heaven to establish the Messianic Kingdom on Earth. There is, however, a “catch twenty two” provisional or conditional clause for Him to return. Israel must have a genuine repentant heart; they must be ready to embrace Him. To say, “Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord” (Matthew 23:37-39).
For The Sake of God’s Glory
God’s glory, which involves His dignity, honor and reputation, is at stake with Israel. His very attributes, character and resolve lay in the balance. For that reason He would never allow His omnipotence or His sovereignty to become questionable. He would never be found guilty of breaking His word, covenants, or promises made with Israel, or for that matter to anyone. He would never act in any way which was not harmonious with His nature, i.e. character and varied attributes, for they are His very essence.
It is precisely for this reason that God began the process of returning the Jewish people back to the land of promise in May 1948. Because God scattered the Jewish people throughout the world due to their apostasy, they became a poor testimony among the nations who in turn believed Israel’s God was impotent, non-trustworthy or fickle, and perhaps even all of the above. Hence, He thus becomes inconsequential, not worthy of interest or concern to the nations of the world. He is seen as nothing more than another god amongst the unlimited, meaningless “gods” of this world. The end result of Israel’s profaning Jehovah would be depriving Him of His honor, praise, worship and recognition as the one and only true living God. Therefore, He is acting to sanctify His holy name by evidencing to the world that He is indeed the one and only true God, not only of Israel, but the entire universe (see Ezekiel 36:16-24).
Israel’s Messianic Kingdom Age
Despite Jehovah’s indignation concerning the sons of Jacob because of their apostasy, He would never allow the ultimate destruction of His inheritance, Israel. In fact, the days are coming when Israel’s period of discipline will be utterly and totally non-existent. It will be replaced with a millennial period of time referred to as the Messianic Kingdom (cf. Isaiah 2, 9:6-7, 11, 65; Jeremiah 23:5-6, 31:31-34; Daniel 9:24; Zechariah 2, 13, 14).
Israel, the “apple of God’s eye,” will receive the blessings He has promised them. This will also be the time when Israel experiences what it will be like to be the LORD’S inheritance (Zechariah 2:8-12).
The time is coming when God’s desire, plan and program for Israel will finally be fulfilled. For the most part of the last 3,500 years (from the days of Moses until today) the majority of Jewish people have missed the opportunity to experience what can only be dreamt about or imagined from afar. What bliss and joy lies ahead for those who will be able to say we (Israel) are His (Jehovah’s) people and He is our God.
Israel’s “Catch Twenty-Two”
It was Jesus the Messiah who said to His brethren according to the flesh, you are spiritually blind and deaf for you paid no heed to the prophets God sent to you for centuries. So likewise you have rebelled and rejected the very Son of God, your Messiah and Redeemer. To make matters even worse, if possible, He further said that the Temple (house of God) in Jerusalem would be destroyed. Since they failed to embrace Jesus their Messiah, they soon would not even have the priesthood or Temple rituals to cling to. Jesus however, did hold out some hope for them when He told them that He was going away (ascending to Heaven) and that they would not see Him again until they (Israel) call out “Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD” (Matthew 23:37-39).
Here is the rub or problem – the catch 22. In order for the Kingdom Age to arrive, the Messiah must first appear, for it is He that will establish and sustain it (Isaiah 9:6-7). It is Israel’s continued stubbornness, an outgrowth of their spiritual blindness, which is keeping them from embracing Jesus. Without doing so, Israel is caught between the proverbial rock and hard place – no Messiah, no Kingdom Age.
The unwavering promise of the God who can’t lie is that Israel will be prepared to have a repentant heart to embrace their Messiah. It will take seven years of horrific Tribulation period judgments, but the end result will be a nation willing to accept Jesus as their Messiah and LORD. The prophet Zechariah clearly spoke of this coming day.
“And I (Jehovah God) will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they (Israel) shall look upon me (Jehovah) whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him (Jesus their Messiah), as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn… And I (Jehovah) will bring the third part (of living Israel) through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined, and will try them as gold is tried: they (Israel) shall call on my name (Jehovah/Jesus), and I will hear them: I will say, It (Israel) is my people: and they shall say, The LORD is my God” (Zechariah 12:10 & 13:9 – parentheses and bold added).
What a day this will be! God’s promises to Israel will be fulfilled! He will vindicate His glory and holiness!
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Congratulations, you’ve sent in the last of your applications and you are ready to lie back and relax. Wrong. For you and all the other seniors in your position, the college application process is still going. Yes, the hard part is over, but there are still more essays that will require you to conjure up “life-changing experiences” and more teachers that you’ll have to pull a recommendation from. So what else do you still need to do?
1. Scholarships. Although most private schools will provide scholarships along with their acceptance letters, you may still be in need of extra money. Most scholarships have deadlines in February or March, but you’re going to have to do sufficient research to make sure you get your application in on time. Although one scholarship of $1,500 might not seem like enough to pay off pre-law school, multiple scholarships will help put a dent in your college bills. Also, do some research into the schools you applied to and see if they have a separate application for some of the more prestigious scholarships.
2. Fill out the FAFSA. You and your parents can fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. Even if you don’t think you qualify for financial aid, it is strongly recommended that you fill out the FAFSA. It seems like a pain (and it probably will be), but it’s free and many students get a lot of financial aid. By filling out the FAFSA, you become eligible for many government loans, grants and scholarships.
3. Keep those grades up. Although now might seem like the best time to stop trying as hard in school, it is actually imperative that you keep getting the same grades as you have been. After being accepted into college, the university will expect a mid-year and final report of your grades. If they see that your grades dropped dramatically, they can, and will, cancel your acceptance to their institution. Although senioritis is inevitably setting in, you have to keep your grades at least constant.
4. Interview. Although I am not up to date on the policies regarding every single college, I do know that many universities offer interviews for prospective students. It is strongly recommended that you go to an interview. A good impression can make or break a “maybe” application. If nothing else, the interview provides good practice for future ones. If you get an interview, remember to dress nicely, smile and be honest. Don’t say things that you think the interviewer wants to hear. You want to make a good impression, but they’ll know if you are exaggerating. Try to be interesting and engaging, but don’t overdo it. You don’t want to be known as the applicant who gave an interpretive dance as an interview.
It may seem difficult now, but in just a few short months, we will be free, free at last! If you can do this, chances are you can survive college.
Eileen Bennett is a senior at Clarence High School.
Although senioritis is inevitably setting in, you have to keep your grades at least constant.
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The pain in the stomach
Thursday June 04, 2009
Dear Dr. Miller,
It seems when my past comes up to be processed - it often comes as pain in my stomach. I think this is what is going on anyway. I just try to feel it consciously and know it for what I think it is - the pain that was too much too feel when I was a child.
Does this happen ? That the past hurt comes up as body pain instead of as emotions such as rage and sadness? And if so do you think it best to not to abandon that pain or try to get rid of it but to feel it consciously. Other ideas? Have you experienced this? Other people? It can be confusing trying to understand what is going on.
AM: You write "And if so do you think it best to not to abandon that pain or try to get rid of it but to feel it consciously." Yes, this is what I think. If you dare to feel the EMOTIONAL pain and can understand its reason the pain in the stomach usually disappears.
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The past year has been a bad one for democracy, and the Republic that once was the United States seems to live in name only. Because of the extreme abuses of power the Federal government has exercised just in the past year, the people of the Nation have been broken, discouraged and must now only be controlled.
A recent report in the state-run Russia Today cites an instructional military book, Non-Lethal Weapons Reference Book (leaked by PublicIntelligence.net) to outline the coming “high-tech crackdown” that may soon befall citizens of the United States deemed unruly.
If you have ever seen a farmer persuade his livestock to bend to his will with less-than-lethal methods such as cattle prods, whips and electric fences, you know how incredibly persuasive they can be to the animals. The U.S.
government also knows a thing or two about controlling groups; unfortunately, the target isn’t unruly livestock, but U.S. citizens.
The report references one device that has already made a military debut in Afghanistan and that will likely become commonplace for domestic crowd control as law enforcement agencies throughout the country become increasingly militarized. The Active Denial System, which is described as a “long range, directed energy, vehicle mounted system that projects an invisible electromagnetic millimeter-wave energy beam beyond small arms range,” can be used as a non-lethal way to create extreme discomfort and quell group dissent.
Other military implements that may soon see use within U.S. borders include Acoustic Hailing Devices that provide “scalable, directional warning tones” causing “auditory damage” and the Distributed Sound and Light Array which “uses a combined laser, non-coherent light, and acoustics to produce a synergistic engagement system.” Other systems can completely disable motor vehicles and emit acoustic waves that make it impossible for crowds to shout without discomfort and nausea.
While many Americans deny that the U.S. government will ever use such weapons on a widespread basis against dissenters, recent developments in the country appear to indicate otherwise. The crackdowns on OWS camps carried out by police in riot/military gear, armed with tear gas canisters and rubber bullets, indicate that when large masses of people cry out, no matter what the political agenda, they will be quieted by local, State and/or Federal officials.
Before the crackdowns on the OWS camps, the Federal government demonstrated its willingness to bypass the judiciary system anytime an individual poses a threat to its agenda. In September, the Administration of Barack Obama executed U.S. citizen Anwar al-Awlaki in the mountains of Yemen with a drone strike. Though he often spoke on behalf of al-Qaida, it could be reasonably assumed that al-Awlaki’s citizenship status gave him the right to trial before execution. The Administration disagrees: Pentagon lawyer Jeh Johnson said of the execution that only the executive branch, not the courts, is equipped to make military battlefield targeting decisions about who qualifies as an enemy.
Johnson’s statement would be less alarming if the Administration — with the help of hawkish neoconservatives like Senator John McCain (R-Ariz.) — had not recently passed a military spending bill with provisions that effectively designate American soil a battlefield and every American a possible enemy. The bill gives the President the ability to indefinitely detain terror suspects, but this comes at a time when the lines of what constitutes “terror” are becoming increasingly blurry. The Federal government is currently in active negotiations with members of the Taliban, and Obama has made it clear that anyone who rejects his agenda is considered a “right-wing domestic terrorist.”
How long will it take for Federal government to decide it necessary to carry out al-Awlaki style executions on those deemed “domestic terrorists” as they sit in their homes in the United States? With the increasing use of military drones in U.S. airspace, the idea is not so far-fetched. The same Federal agencies that carried out fatally-flawed operations like those in Waco, Texas, and Ruby Ridge, Idaho, in the 1990s now have aerial drones and a license to kill in the name of Homeland Security. Some people may think that the agencies have refined their methods since those days; others have been following news about Operation Fast and Furious, the most recent endeavor by the Department of Justice, and know better.
Those people who do not believe the Federal government is out to harm them by breaking their will, dehumanizing them and bending them to be the subservient masses that will keep it afloat should simply take a flight. If being prodded, poked and virtually stripped naked by poorly trained agents of the Transportation Security Administration is not bad enough, how about having very personal belongings fondled, food stolen and grandmothers groped by the TSA? All are tactics of dehumanization to create subservient masses, and all are things that happened to American travelers last year.
Aside from quashing unruly masses and making problems disappear, the Federal government wants to keep tabs on the information being put out by journalists and bloggers throughout the Nation with a new Homeland Security initiative. According to Russia Today, in a new report, the Department reserves the right to collect personal information from news anchors, journalists, reporters or anyone who may use “traditional and/or social media in real time to keep their audience situationally aware and informed.”
And while Homeland Security is busy putting together a plan to rid the country of any bad press, Congress has been working to sanitize the Internet. Pending legislation like SOPA and the Protect IP Act will effectively give American citizens about as much online freedom as citizens of China.
Some Americans may think that if they are not in the public eye, don’t regularly protest and are not members of al-Qaida, they are not subject to government intrusion. But a recent decision by Magistrate Judge David Noce in United States v. Robinson says that as long as you park your vehicle in public parking lots or use public roadways, law enforcement has the ability to install a GPS tracking device with no warrant to log where you travel if they believe you “may be involved in criminal activities.”
When the First Congress enacted the original Crimes Act in 1790, with only 17 recognized Federal crimes, it may have been reasonable to assume that as long as a person was a law-abiding citizen, he was not at risk of intrusion. Today, though, there are more than 4,500 Federal crimes — and many are so obscure that they are nearly indecipherable. In addition to the 4,500 Federal crimes, there are tens of thousands of Federal regulations. Many people commit criminal acts daily without even knowing they are doing so.
Last year was a very busy one for all of those interested in ending American life as it is and has been known. The United States that was a Republic has already collapsed and has very quietly become a totalitarian regime, complete with a dictator named Obama and a Congress that bends to his will and continually legislates in such a way that would make any totalitarian regime proud. Together they have done everything in their power to undermine the Constitution and name themselves as the all-powerful ruling class. And with the undoing of the ideas of the Founders and the ruination of but a few more checks and balances, they will effectively claim their supremacy.
So what have Americans lost and why does the ruling class have to do away with the Constitution and the rights it gives to every American citizen? It is explained by James Madison, who contended that there was no way American lawmakers could declare themselves a ruling class under the provisions of the Constitution, in the 57th volume of the Federalist Papers:
If it be asked, what is to restrain the House of Representatives from making legal discriminations in favor of themselves and a particular class of the society? I answer: the genius of the whole system; the nature of just and constitutional laws; and above all, the vigilant and manly spirit which actuates the people of America — a spirit which nourishes freedom, and in return is nourished by it.
Those who are working so hard to claim themselves a ruling class know that their goal cannot be achieved if there is such a thing as a population that holds dear its “vigilant and manly spirit.” And they know how to slowly break that spirit without alarm by dehumanizing populations — luring people into accepting tyrannical rule in the guise of laws claimed to exist for public safety, homeland security or the better good of humanity. Unlike Madison, they always leave out words like freedom and never discuss the great threats government poses to the people, but contrarily advise vigilance to combat the people’s threat to the government.
Republican Presidential candidate Ron Paul has been warning the public of many of these frightening developments for more than 35 years. Now, as he vies for the Nation’s highest office, many of his predictions have come true. Maybe it is time Americans listened to the “kook,” because those things he said would happen — predictions Americans once considered to be crazy and far-fetched — are now reality. He may be the Nation’s last hope to a path back to some semblance of the Constitutional Republic created by the Founders.
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An app named Carma won Onstar‘s second Student Developer Challenge. Developed by Vineet Gopal, Joshua Ma, and Max Kolysh, three students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Carma attempts to solve the ever-growing problem of motor vehicle pooling.
In a nuthsell, Carma lets drivers of OnStar-equipped vehicles accept ride sharing requests from stranded students on a website, where drivers can connect with those in need of a ride (by sharing their routes in hopes of finding someone to ride alone with); those without transportation are able to submit ride requests that an OnStar driver can accept or decline. In effect, Carma would replace, reduce, or greatly streamline the process of posting pleas for rides in college residence halls (and elsewhere).
During the Developer Challenge, students had six weeks (starting in May) to create “”the next cool voice-based app” using OnStar’s data model and could freely pick their choice of voice platform while using OnStar’s API (Application Programming Interface) that was announced at CES in January. Their submissions were reviewed by a panel of executives that judged each of the entries on the factors of responsible connectivity, informed driving and location-based data. The winning team received a $10,000 OnStar Student Developer Dream package.
Recently, OnStar announced a partnership with RelayRides — a firm that enables owners of OnStar-equipped vehicles to rent their cars using the telematics system — giving them the ability to potentially earn rental money on a monthly basis.
The GM Authority Take
By building a cellular connection as well as GPS module into each vehicle, GM and OnStar have a monumental competitive advantage compared to competitors that, by far and large, skimp building the equipment into the car itself (read: Ford). Carma may seem like a small and insignificant step, but we can already see a future where systems such as OnStar and third-party apps like Carma play an increasingly important role in using vehicles to meet the transpiration needs of current and future generations.Google+
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