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The Filter Coffee is happy to announce a new regular segment, Urdunama, dedicated to coverage of news and analysis from Pakistan’s Urdu media. As reports ( 2.86 MB) on Pakistan’s media landscape will tell you, Pakistan’s vernacular press dominates English and local language publications and comprises almost 70% of total newspaper distribution.
Yet, while the Internet has provided us the opportunity to read and absorb opinions from Pakistan’s English newspapers, their tone, message and impact on audiences (and indeed on political action) differs greatly from that of the vernacular media. An eye on Pakistan’s Urdu media therefore helps us see what the awam sees and assists us in understanding what informs popular opinion in Pakistan. This is critical, in the opinion of this blogger, in helping India better understand its western neighbor.
As always, comments and suggestions on what readers like about the segment, or would like to see improved are appreciated.
The fires may have died down in India, but as far as Pakistan’s vernacular media is concerned, all Sharm el-Sheikh did was to provide fuel to an incantation summoned by Pakistan’s most imaginative minds.
There is pressure on the Pakistani Army to see Operation Rah-e-Nijat through and to turn a blind eye to US Predator assaults in North Waziristan and elsewhere. A section of Pakistan’s media and intelligentsia wants to know why three Infantry Divisions were moved away from the Indian border and redeployed to assist with NWFP operations.
All these questions cannot be explained without pointing fingers at the Pakistani Army, which is riding a wave of goodwill not seen since the years immediately after the 1999 coup d’état. The simplest solution therefore is to attack the hapless civilian administration, particularly Asif Ali Zardari and those close to him, including Rehman Malik and Shah Mehmood Qureshi.
Rafiq Dogar’s op-ed “Jhoota kaun hai?”, is a rhetorical masterpiece on the subject of India’s involvement in Balochistan. Dogar’s issue in the op-ed isn’t focused so much on the factual accuracy of India’s involvement in Balochistan (this is taken for granted), but on why the “proof” of India’s interference wasn’t presented to Hillary Clinton and the people of Pakistan.
Who does one trust? On 13th October, the spokesperson of the Foreign Ministry informed the media that proof of India’s involvement in Balochistan would be presented to the people at the appropriate time. Prior to Hillary Clinton’s visit, the Interior Minister had informed Hamid Karzai that India was interfering in Balochistan, via Afghanistan.
The same day, the president of the Balochistan People’s Party, Mir Lashkari Raisani, informed the media that Education Minister, Shafeeq Ahmed Khan had been murdered because he tried to raise awareness of India’s meddling in Balochistan. India’s meddling in Balochistan was also corroborated by IG, FC, Maj Gen Salim Nawaz.
Prior to Hillary Clinton’s visit, Interior Minister informed the media that a “foreign hand” existed in supporting the Pakistani Taliban against the army, and had asked the US to ensure that this interference is stopped. Surprisingly, after Hillary’s visit, the spokesperson of the Interior Ministry announced that no such evidence was presented to the US.
If this was indeed the case, why didn’t the Foreign Ministry — whose spokesperson earlier stated as having proof of external interference in Balochistan — provide the evidence to the US? Ayatollah Durrani is also one of Asif Ali Zardari’s ministers who on 18th October stated that the US wanted Balochistan to secede and that Pakistan’s agencies must work to ensure that this doesn’t happen.
But Pakistan’s agencies operate under the same Interior Minister who announced prior to Hillary’s visit that the proof had been handed over to the Americans. Who does one believe?
We cannot accept the notion that those suggesting India’s involvement in Balochistan are lying. It is the word of the Prophet Mohammed (SAW) that a Muslim can neither lie nor present false witness. Our Foreign Minister is a descendant of Muslim makhdooms — are we to now believe that his ministry’s spokesperson was lying?
Even if we are to assume that the spokesperson of the Interior Ministry and the Interior Minister himself were speaking the truth, then why wasn’t (India’s interference) brought up with Hillary Clinton? Were they that scared of her and Richard Halbrooke?
The Interior Minister, Foreign Minister, Zardari and Gilani didn’t have the courage to present the facts to Hillary; but do they have the will to present the facts to the people?
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Filed under: asif ali zardari, Balochistan, India, NWFP, Politics in Pakistan, PPP, Urdunama, World, Yousaf Raza Gilani, zardari, asif ali zardari, ayatollah durrani, balochistan, baluchistan, foreign hand, frontier corps, hillary clinton, India, interior minister, mir lashkari raisani, nawaiwaqt, pakistan media, rafiq dogar, rah-e-nijat, Rehman Malik, salim nawaz, shah mehmood qureshi, Urdunama, yousuf raza gilani
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10/17/2012 ROSS AT THE ROCKWELL (UPDATED)
Norman Rockwell Museum Gets Super Heroic
with Exhibition of Acclaimed Comic Book Artist
Heroes & Villains: The Comic Book Art of Alex Ross
On View November 10, 2012 through February 24, 2013
Stockbridge, MA, September 13, 2012—Over the last two decades, caped crusaders have literally been flying off the pages and covers of comic books and graphic novels, due in large part to the work of one very talented illustrator: Alex Ross. Known for his unique, photorealistic renderings of such beloved superheroes as Superman, Batman, and Spider-Man, Ross helped revitalize the comic book industry, capturing a new generation of readers, and bridging the gap between comic and fine art.
This fall, Norman Rockwell Museum will present a comprehensive look at the career of the artist who has been called “the Norman Rockwell of the comics world.” “Heroes & Villains: The Comic Book Art of Alex Ross” will be on view at the Museum from November 10, 2012 through February 24, 2013.
“Heroes & Villains” is the first museum exhibition celebrating the art of Alex Ross. Organized by the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the exhibition features more than 130 works, including paintings, drawings, photographs, and sculptures from Ross’ personal collection. Spanning the artist’s life and career, the exhibition features rarely-seen works—from his early crayon drawing of Spider-Man, created at the age of four, to his groundbreaking work for such books as “Marvels,” “Justice,” and “Kingdom Come.” “Heroes & Villains” reveals Ross’ personal and artistic goal to redefine comic books for a new generation. The exhibition also pays homage to the artist’s inspirations, including original work by his mother Lynette Ross (who was also a successful illustrator), Frank Bez, Andrew Loomis, and Norman Rockwell. Also featured in the exhibition are works by Andy Warhol, a huge comic book fan, including his “Myths” series, which mirrors many of the subjects depicted in Ross’ work.
“Norman Rockwell Museum is thrilled to be able to present the work of Alex Ross,” says Museum Director/CEO Laurie Norton Moffatt. “Just as millions of readers in the 20th century were introduced to the world of art courtesy of Norman Rockwell, that tradition continues today thanks to Ross’ beautifully painted illustrations, which combine photographic realism and imaginative storytelling.”
“Norman Rockwell has been one of the greatest influences on my art, and it is an enormous honor to be featured in the museum dedicated to his work,” notes Alex Ross. “I have always looked upon Rockwell’s style as the peak of what one could hope to achieve artistically. The artist’s realistic execution and eye for composition are things I aspire to, knowing that he performed a quality of work that isn’t easily achieved. It is a major career achievement for me to have my work in company with his.”
A members opening event for the exhibition will be held on Saturday, November 10, from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m., with a rare appearance by Alex Ross, who will also be conducting a book signing during the evening event.
About Alex Ross
Born in Portland, Oregon in 1970 and raised in Lubbock, Texas, Alex Ross grew up in a world of colorful, painted images. Ross’s mother Lynette was a successful illustrator in the 1940s and 1950s, the same time that Norman Rockwell was becoming a household name.
At just three years of age, Ross was drawing TV commercials from memory. The following year, he began drawing images of his favorite superheroes—Superman, Captain Marvel, and Plastic Man. By the time he was 13, he was drawing and scripting comic books. At the age of 17, Ross went on to study painting at the American Academy of Art in Chicago, where he was influenced by Salvador Dali’s hyperrealism, as well as by such classic American illustrators as Norman Rockwell and J.C. Leyendecker.
Ross began his professional career as a storybook artist for an advertising agency. At the age of 19 Ross received his first comic assignment from Marvel Comics – a comic titled “Terminator: The Burning Earth.” Five years later, Ross created the illustrations and cover art for “Marvels,” a full feature comic book, co-written by Kurt Busiek. Ross’s photorealistic gouache technique showcases superheroes and villains such as Spider-Man, the Human Torch, Captain America and Galactus. His sophomore project, “Kingdom Come,” is a comic in which an alternate DC Universe is filled with aging superhero forces including Superman, Wonder Woman and the Green Lantern, who come out of retirement to fight modern super humans.
Ross won the Comic Buyer’s Guide Award for Favorite Painter seven times in a row, resulting in the retirement of the category.
To learn more, visit the artist’s website: http://www.alexrossart.com
Exhibition-Related Programs and Events
Super Exhibition Opening
Saturday, November 10, 6:30 to 8:30 p.m.
Commentary at 7 p.m. with a signing with the artist to follow
Meet Alex Ross, a true master of American comics who has revitalized the classic superhero by creating powerful, empathetic portrayals of favorite characters. Works from “Marvels” and “Kingdom Come,” from the artist’s early career, and paintings and drawings from recent projects like “Justice,” “Flash Gordon,” and “Green Hornet” are testaments of his extraordinary skill. Norman Rockwell, Andy Warhol, and Andrew Loomis are among the artist’s most significant inspirations. Members free, guests $20. Join Alex Ross before the opening at 5:30 p.m., for an exclusive hour-long, behind-the-scenes tour of the exhibition. Members $30, guests $40 (includes reception).
Mini-Con Comics Event
A Festival of Comics
Saturday, November 17, 1 to 5 p.m.
Celebrate the art of comics during this exciting afternoon of artist talks and demonstrations, workshops, signings, comic book appraisals, and tours of “Heroes & Villains: The Comic Book Art of Alex Ross.” Artists scheduled to appear include Howard Cruse (“Stuck Rubber Baby”) and Jack Purcell (DC, Marvel, “Heavy Metal”). Come dressed as you favorite superhero and receive half-off admission. Free with Museum admission, members free.
Family Festival Day
Superheroes! A Comics Celebration
Saturday, November 24, 1 to 4 p.m.
Meet favorite superheroes and design your own during this fun-filled afternoon of tours, art activities, storytelling and more. Come dressed as your favorite comic book character! Free with Museum admission, members free.
Honoring Our Hometown Heroes
Thursday, December 6 from 4 to 7 p.m.
What does it mean to be a hero in the real world? Join us as we honor the true superheroes in our region—from police and firefighters to veterans, medical professionals, and other community caregivers. Personal commentary, festive refreshments, and tours of “Heroes & Villains: The Comic Book Art of Alex Ross” will be part of this special evening. Free.
School Vacation Week Programs
Wednesday, December 26 through Sunday, December 30, 1 to 5 p.m.
Envision your own story lines and design unique comic book characters during this lively series of drop-in art workshops inspired by the work of comic book master, Alex Ross. Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, and other favorite superheroes will be on view. Free with Museum admission, members free.
Comics in the Classroom
Saturday, January 12, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Explore curriculum-based connections to comics and creative applications for the classroom in this daylong immersion for educators inspired by “Heroes & Villains: The Comic Book Art of Alex Ross.” Dr. William H. Foster, III of Naugatuck Valley Community College will explore the changing image of African Americans in comics, and Dr. James Kimble of Seton Hall University will discuss the prevalence of comics as domestic propaganda during World War II. PDPs are available. $30, $24 members.
The Business of Art
Careers in Comics
Saturday, February 16, 1 to 4 p.m.
Thinking of a career in comics? Enjoy an inside look at the field today with professional comic book artists, who will discuss the narrative, artistic, and technical skills required, and explore the range of opportunities available for aspiring creators—from writing, drawing and inking, to lettering and publishing. Bring along five examples of your artwork to discuss. $25, $20 members.
School Vacation Week Programs
Drawing and Painting from the (Illustration) Superheroes
Monday, February 18 through Saturday, February 23, 1 to 5 p.m.
Explore the art of illustration greats Norman Rockwell and Alex Ross, and design your own superheroes inspired by the works on view. These drop-in workshops for young artists of all ages will encourage experimentation with media and techniques. Free with Museum admission, members free.
About Norman Rockwell Museum
Norman Rockwell Museum holds the largest and most significant collection of art and archival materials relating to the life and work of Norman Rockwell. The Museum also preserves, interprets, and exhibits a growing collection of original illustration art by noted American illustrators, from historical to contemporary. The Norman Rockwell Museum Art Collection and Norman Rockwell Archive inspire a vibrant year-round exhibition program, national traveling exhibitions, and arts and humanities programs that engage diverse audiences. The Museum’s collections, which are made accessible worldwide, are a comprehensive resource relating to Norman Rockwell and the art of illustration, the role of published imagery in society, and the American twentieth century.
Since its inception, the Norman Rockwell Museum has explored the impact of illustrated images and their role in shaping and reflecting our world through changing exhibitions, publications, and programs. Dedication to a deepened understanding of the art of illustration has led to the formation of the Rockwell Center for American Visual Studies. The first of its kind in the nation, this research institute supports sustained scholarship and establishes the Norman Rockwell Museum's leadership in the vanguard of preservation and interpretation relating to this important aspect of American visual culture.
Norman Rockwell Museum is located on 36 park-like acres in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, Rockwell’s hometown for the last 25 years of his life. The Museum is open year-round; closed Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year’s Day. From May through October, hours are 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily; from November through April, hours are 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday through Friday, and 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on weekends and holidays. Rockwell’s studio is open May through October, 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Museum admission is $16, $14.50 for seniors, $10 for students, $5 for kids, and teens 6 to 18, and free for Museum member, active military personnel, and children 5 and under. Visit the Museum online at http://www.nrm.org.
Image credit: Alex Ross, "Justice Vol. 1" paperback cover, 2006, courtesy of the artist, ™ & © DC Comics. Used with permission.
Manager of Media Services
Norman Rockwell Museum
Ross Covers Watch Dogs
Preview! Django Unchained #6
Del Toro, Ross and Pacific Rim
Alex Ross Masks Pages Now Available
Ross at the Rockwell Video
Ross Signing at C2E2
Star Wars Variant Covers
PREVIEW! Star Wars #4
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Mark Helprin’s massive novel rests on the framework of a simple fairy tale: A man and woman experience love at first sight — and it lasts. Fortunately, they tend to be the kind of appealing characters you will enjoy spending 700 pages with.
In Sunlight and in Shadow follows Harry Copeland as he returns home to New York from World War II, seeking a fresh connection to the city he remembers. A trip on the Staten Island Ferry to visit an aunt brings him face to face with Catherine Thomas Hale, the young heiress fate has chosen for him.(And yes, she’s the very same one who years earlier saw him playing on a rope swing under the El — an image she has carried with her forever.)
Written in a manner sometimes reminiscent of F. Scott Fitzgerald, the novel creates a romantic image of Catherine, a beautiful actress. Helprin writes, “She was more than image, more than the random beauties by which he lived through his days. … He had long known that to see a woman like this across the floor in receptions or gatherings is as arresting as if a full moon were rising within the walls of the room, but this was more arresting yet.”
Though such passages can be a bit much, Helprin’s novel is more than mere romance. There is humor in it, too, as when Catherine, struck by Harry’s flowery language, asks, “Do you actually speak this way?”
Or when on their first date, Harry reaches behind the display window in an automat, grabs the service person’s hand and demands she give him an extra hot dog. More than once, Harry will show this side of himself.
Helprin, acclaimed author of Winter’s Tale, A Soldier of the Great War and many other works, creates a wonderfully rich picture of New York City and its environs, its social classes and its manners both before and during the postwar period of 1946-47.
With empathy for Harry’s Jewish roots, the author examines subtle, and not so subtle, forms of anti-Semitism rampant in the East at the time, even just after the Holocaust.
Helprin casts a light on a fine cast of characters, many of whom defy stereotypes to embrace honesty and decency. Harry, for example, lives life with a strong code of honor. He values keeping promises and “doing right” above all else. In this book, honor and love are meant to carry the day.
Harry has been shaped and purified by the war. He is sick of killing. And yet, circumstances will eventually put him into a position where he must kill again.
In addition to a love story and social history, the novel contains gripping action, including flashbacks to Harry’s service in wartime reconnaissance and the ongoing battles between Harry’s Copeland Leather and the Mafia henchmen who would drive his family company out of business.
If anything, there is too much of everything. Comments range from the state of being elderly, where one is talked to by the young as if one were a dog — to deeper observations on religion and on war. While never boring, the novel supports too much on its slight framework. Helprin might have saved some of this richness for a future volume.
Anne Morris, a member of the National Book Critics Circle, lives in Austin.
In Sunlight and in Shadow
(Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, $28)
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sip on this
Posted by Dale Buss on September 13, 2012 06:06 PM
To no one's surprise, the New York City Board of Health approved on Thursday a ban on the sale of large sodas and other sugary drinks at restaurants, street cars and movie theaters. It was the first restriction of its kind and scale in the country.
It also surprised no one that Mayor Michael Bloomberg, the spiritual father and political force behind the ban, quickly hailed the enactment of his brainchild. "NYC's sugary drink policy is the single biggest step any gov't has taken to curb obesity," he stated. "It will help save lives." The Mayor's Office also released statements of support, along with the news that the new Barclays Center will comply.
The measure will take effect in six months unless the American soft-drink industry manages to get some judge to overturn it. Of course, there's always the possibility that popular sentiment could turn heavily against the ban and result in political pressure that would cause its reversal. But no one is betting on that.
"This is not the end," Eliot Hoff, a spokesman for New Yorkers for Beverage Choices, an industry-financed group opposed to the ban, commented in a statement to the New York Times. "We are exploring legal options, and all other avenues available to us." The coalition's chairwoman, Liz Berman, also released a video statement reiterating that stance.Continue reading...
sip on this
Posted by Mark J. Miller on September 13, 2012 10:55 AM
In the 1920s and early ‘30s of New York, as Prohibition ruled the land, folks didn’t have to go without a drink. There were speakeasies aplenty back on those days that would be happy to quench your thirst as long as you didn’t mind needing to remember the password, being ready to dump your liquor at the drop of a hat, and having a few extra bucks to help pay off any police that happened by the place.
The folks at Mountain Dew seem to think that New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is about to return the Big Apple to those long-gone days if his suggested bill — which could be passed today — winds up restricting consumers from buying sodas that are bigger than 16 ounces goes through. Some call it a gamble; Bloomberg says he’s looking out for the long-term health of his city’s dwellers and visitors.
The whole thing has got Mountain Dew execs and indeed the entire beverage industry agitated — and not because of the caffeine in their beverages, either. The PepsiCo-owned soda brand has teamed up with "cultural production" studio New York Art Department to plaster ads around New York City that say “Prohibition” and feature a 17 ounce, vintage can of Mountain Dew (long before it was abbreviated to Mtn. Dew). To drive the message home, a smaller message quips: “Also available in legal sizes!”
On a more serious note, New Yorkers for Beverage Choices, an industry coalition backed by the American Beverage Association, says more than 250,000 New Yorkers have signed a petition. While small business and industry lobbying has failed to sway New York City’s Board of Health, which appears poised to pass the ban on Big Soda (update: it passed), you can be sure Bloomberg's public health watchdog is unhappy with another move Mountain Dew has made as well.Continue reading...
chew on this
Posted by Dale Buss on September 12, 2012 05:17 PM
McDonald's continues to look less and less like a food-police "Most Wanted" corporation with a rap sheet to match its notoriety. Instead, the global fast-food leader keeps adding to its shift toward better-for-you fare and toward making healthier food not only accessible to its customers but palatable as well — even including the health of its own employees.
Today, McDonald's USA announced a number of nutrition initiatives, including the news it's adding calorie counts on restaurant and drive-through menus nationwide starting Monday and introducing menu items next year in line with the latest obesity-targeting federal dietary guidelines.
"We recognize customers want to know more about the nutrition content of the food and beverages they order," McDonald's USA president Jan Fields stated in a press release. As the Associated Press notes, "The move comes ahead of a regulation that could require major chains to post the information as early as next year. 'We want to voluntarily do this,' Fields told AP. 'We believe it will help educate customers.'"Continue reading...
Posted by Sheila Shayon on September 4, 2012 11:05 AM
An estimated one-third of American children are overweight or obese. In support of National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month, the Saucony brand is joining the race against this epidemic with the launch of Saucony Run4Good — the running industry’s first iPhone app raising money and awareness around this crisis.
With every mile, runners earn money for community youth running programs fast-tracking kids back to health. “As a brand focused on runners, innovation and social responsibility, we believe the Saucony Run4Good app offers a new world of possibilities to engage with our community in a relevant, innovative and meaningful way while inspiring a strong unity of purpose to make a difference for our kids,” said Chris Lindner, Saucony's CMO and SVP for commerce.
The statistics on U.S. childhood obesity are alarming: almost 20% of children ages 6 to 11 and 18% of those 12 to 19 are considered obese. The CDC estimates that over the past three decades, childhood obesity has more than doubled for preschool children aged 2-5 years and adolescents 12-19 years, and more than tripled for children 6-11 years.Continue reading...
chew on this
Posted by Mark J. Miller on August 13, 2012 04:22 PM
Fast-food giants share a not-so-secret recipe: make the up sell, adding fries to your bill or talking you into some kind of combination meal.
But the up sell isn’t working quite the way it used to. Consumers aren’t asking for "the #5 with fries" anywhere near as much as they used to, Fortune reports. A study by NPD Group finds that sales of combo meals at fast-food restaurants have gone down 12% in the last five years.
That means a billion fewer combo meals were ordered in the five-year period ending this past January than were ordered up in the five years before that. The lousy economy has something to do with it, but the study also showed that consumers would like to have more options in their combos.
The grand-daddy of the combo meal is the Happy Meal, which has been holding on for dear life. Revamped in time for the London Summer Olympics healthier menu marketing, it's been hit in markets such as Chile, where the government is now prohibiting restaurants (but it might as well say "McDonald's") from including toys with meals.Continue reading...
chew on this
Posted by Dale Buss on August 8, 2012 03:12 PM
McDonald's reported that same-store sales in July were flat worldwide, and it's getting some social-media flack because of its Olympics sponsorship — neither of which casts a rosy pall on the present reality of its business. But as the chain moves further into the new era of new CEO Don Thompson, it continues to innovate, test and probe for fresh ways to expand the brand, the franchise and its business model. Now those trials include breakfast in the wee hours of the night.
Thanks to the stagnating U.S. economy and greater competition globally, McDonald's reported that sales last month at stores open at least 13 months were unchanged worldwide while sales at domestic locations fell by 0.1 percent. Analysts had expected better on both counts. Meanwhile, because it's a purveyor of fat- and calorie-and sugar-laden products that global citizens want to eat — in contrast with the lean, healthy image of Olympians — McDonald's has been getting more criticism on Twitter than the two dozen other big Olympic sponsors, according to an analysis by WPP's MediaCom.Continue reading...
Posted by Shirley Brady on July 30, 2012 05:42 PM
We've noted how McDonald's, as one of the TOP sponsors of the London 2012 Olympics, is promoting its new lower-calorie menu and Team USA contest in the US, and encouraging kids (and adults) in the UK to get active and check out its revamped Happy Meal, among other local marketing efforts ahead of the games.
The company brought its top executives to London for the Games opening last week, where the big message was "McDonald's Takes Olympic Stage to Announce Advances in Children's Well-Being, Menu Innovation and Access to Nutrition Information."
Now the Summer Games have started, the fast-food giant is rolling out digital and social content that aims to "match the fun, competitive spirit of the Olympics," according to a spokesperson.Continue reading...
Posted by Dale Buss on July 24, 2012 04:43 PM
New Yorkers were girding for a showdown Wednesday between Mayor Bloomberg and the opponents to his proposed ban on 16-ounce or bigger soft drinks. A mid-afternoon public hearing was scheduled to debate the measure, which still needs approval by the city Board of Health — appointed by the mayor — to take effect.
The ban's opponents could always sue or appeal to the state legislature (or not, judging by Gov. Andrew Cuomo's recent remarks), but the "hundreds" of people who gathered on the steps of City Hall on Monday to oppose the ban, organized by a American Beverage Association coalition called New Yorkers for Beverage Choices, would rather put a stop to Bloomberg's legislation before it goes into effect.Continue reading...
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As a follow-up to yesterday’s post, and after exchanging emails with Greg Rowe, (see blogroll, American Civil War Essays & Research), I decided to write a bit about Greg’s direct ancestor, Simeon “Sim” Collins. Sim, a crucial figure in the Free State of Jones’s Knight Company, is often overlooked because of his untimely death shortly after the Civil War. Older brother to the better-known Jasper (who lived to the ripe old age of 86), Sim was Newt Knight’s 2nd Lieutenant. Three of his sons also joined the Knight guerrilla band: James Madison (Matt), Benjamin Franklin (Frank), and Morgan Columbus (Morg).
The fate of Sim Collins and his sons reminds us that taking a Unionist stance during the Civil War was rarely a matter of merely lying in the woods and waiting out the war. The Knight band fought numerous battles against Confederate forces (all dutifully recorded by Newt Knight), but none more ferocious then that against Col. Robert Lowry and his men, sent to the area to break up the band. This battle would eventually lead to Sim’s death.
In the space of a few weeks in April, 1864, Col. Lowry’s men killed ten men from the Knight Company. None of the Collins men were among them. Jasper was up in Tennessee, on a mission to hook the band up with Union forces. Riley Collins fled to New Orleans, as did many members of the band, where he joined the Union Army and soon died of disease.
Sim and his sons were among those deserters captured by Col. Lowry and threatened with execution if they did not rejoin the Confederate Army. Story has it that Sim’s wife, Lydia, begged Lowry not to execute her husband and three sons, and that he responded by offering this alternative. So back into the Confederate Army these Collinses went, and off to Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia, where the Confederate Army suffered a major defeat. The men were captured by Yankees and imprisoned at Camp Morton—a cruel irony for the fiercely Unionist Collins family!
Sim, Matt, Frank, and Morg Collins were released from Camp Morton at war’s end, but it was too late for 46-year-old Sim, who died within months of his release. A wounded man at the time of his forced reentry into the Confederate Army, that, and the battle at Kennesaw Mountain, followed by a year in prison, no doubt sealed his fate.
Like so many of the South’s plain people, Sim’s widow and children sank into poverty after the war. In 1872, Lydia and several of their grown children and families moved on to Texas in hopes of making fresh start. Sim’s brother, Warren Jacob Collins, was there to welcome them. As a result, the Texas branch of the Collins family became as extensive as the one left behind in Jones County, Mississippi.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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|
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|
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| 0.983552
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|Photos: FoodCollection/Stockfood America // Layout: Victory Paper Designs|
Native to Germany and Austria, Cambozola is considered a cross between a Gorgonzola blue and Camembert. Cow's milk is the main ingredient of this cheese, with added cream to give it a smooth, creamy, and spreadable texture. For the most part, flavors are mellow and mild with a bit of zip from the blue.
Wine Recommendation: Merlot. A soft, round red wine that has a very supple texture. For Cambozola, choose a Merlot from California. Try Mantanzas Creek Merlot or Shafer Merlot
Made purely from goat's milk, goat cheese (also referred to as chèvre) is available in many different shapes and is often rolled in cracked black peppercorns or herbs for added flavor. Characterized by a somewhat sharp and tangy flavor, its texture can be soft, creamy, dry, or firm.
Wine Recommendation: A dry white wine from the Loire Valley region of France. Try Lucien Crochet Sancerre.
This family of cheeses — made from cow's milk, goat's milk, and sheep's milk — is treated with molds to produce blue and green veins. Although blue cheeses typically have strong flavors that intensify with age, there are also a few that can be defined as relatively mellow. Their tastes can include a distinct sweetness that's often combined with the salty, sharp, and tangy notes that you'd expect from a blue.
Wine Recommendation: Dessert wines. These sweet wines have intense flavors that aren't overpowered by strong blue cheeses. Try Fonesca Late Bottled Vintage 2000, Taylor Fladgate Special Ruby Porto, or Château Rieussex Sauternes.
BrieMost often made from raw or pasteurized, whole or skim cow's milk, Brie is French in origin. It's characterized by its soft, creamy texture and a thin, edible rind. Flavor-wise, Brie is somewhat buttery and slightly sweet. Be sure to eat at the peak of ripeness to take advantage of its best flavors.
Wine Recommendation: Champagne and Sparkling Wines. Authentic versions of Champagne are made in Champagne, France, but other areas make it as well. Try Veuve Clicquot Champagne (nonvintage) from France, Freixenet Cava from Spain, or Domaine Carneros Brut from California.
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http://victorypaperdesigns.blogspot.com/2011/12/how-to-pair-wine-and-cheese.html
|
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|
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Follow the lights! Learn how to draw shapes, write numbers, count from 0 to 10 and play early math games. Position words such as above and below guide children through fun activities. You can even make counting a personal experience by adding in your child's age!
Appropriate for children ages 3 years and up.
Requires 3 AAA batteries (Batteries included).
10.0 x 8.0 x 2.25 inches
|
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://shop.leapfrog.com/leapfrog/ca/en_CA/Count-%26-Draw-French-Version/productDetail/Scout-Toys/SCOUT81200/cat820043?selectedColor=&selectedSize=&navAction=jump&navCount=0&categoryNav=false&categoryNavIds=ca_lfPreschoolToys%3Acat820043
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A voice heard in the distanceWritten by George Ellison
Rural residents know the yellow-billed cuckoo as the “rain crow” or “storm crow” because its guttural “ka-ka-kow-kow-kowlp-kowlp-kowlp” seems to be sounded just prior to a late evening thunderstorm. (The distinctive “kowlp-kowlp-kowlp” portion of the call sounds something like a small dog barking.) The cuckoos on our property often sound a single “kowlp” note rather than the full vocalization.
Most scientific observers have dismissed the association of yellow-billed cuckoos and imminent rainfall, but the authors of Birds of the Carolinas (UNC Press, 1980) do note: “There may be some basis for this bit of folklore, because cuckoos apparently adjust the timing of their nesting effort to the temporary local abundance of suitable prey, which in many instances coincides with periods of rainfall.”
Or it might be that since they tend to call more on hot humid days, the rain crows are most often heard when rainfall would occur anyway. In this regard, ornithologist and artist George Miksch Sutton observed that the bird doesn’t call only when it’s about to rain or is raining. His theory was that when a summer storm is imminent people become apprehensive and pay closer attention to sounds; thereby, they tend to hear cuckoos calling at a certain time and associate the bird with specific weather conditions.
A second cuckoo species that nests here in the mountains, mostly in the upper elevations, is called the black-billed cuckoo because it lacks the yellow lower mandible of its cousin. I’ve never seen a black-billed cuckoo, but I have heard its rythmic “cu-cu-cu cu-cu-cu cu-cu-cu” calls on several occasions, most notably in the region of Blue Valley near Highlands, the Rainbow Springs section of the Nantahala River, and on the Balsam Mountain spur road of the Blue Ridge Parkway above Cherokee.
Both species winter in South America. They arrive in our region during the last week in April and usually depart by late October.
If you see a yellow-billed cuckoo in flight, the most distinctive feature will be a double row of large white spots beneath the tail. The reddish flash of wing against the brownish body is also diagnostic. The sight of the bird in flight or perched on a limb staring at you is one that’s worth pursuing. As Henry David Thoreau observed, “The cuckoo is a very neat, slender, and graceful bird. It belongs to the nobility of birds. It is elegant.”
There are certain sounds that haunt the southern highlands. Wind sighing in the spruce-fir. The ongoing ever-changing yet eternally-the-same murmurs of a creek. A little less than a century ago one could still hear from time to time the blood curdling howls and screams of timber wolves and panthers. And then there are the resonate “kowlps” of the yellow-billed cuckoo. No bird is more secretive. Seldom leaving the shrouding foliage, the cuckoo sits motionless. When it does move, it creeps about with furtive restraint. Seeing one is possible but unlikely. For the most part, this is a bird that you hear … a “voice” in the distance. In my experience, it is a “voice” heard just before raindrops begin to patter softly on the tin roof of my house.
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<urn:uuid:e4e86d3f-4ace-4ec4-a57f-1e3b4c70be72>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.smokymountainnews.com/archives/item/4107-a-voice-heard-in-the-distance
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|
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| 0.947489
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Abuse Contact Management Task Force
The RIPE Database serves as a data repository for Internet resource assignments and allocations in the RIPE NCC's service region. Among other purposes, it serves as a contact repository for administrative, technical and operational matters regarding IP address ranges and Autonomous System Numbers.
Over time, some mechanisms became available, such as the Incident Response Team (IRT) object and an "abuse-mailbox:" attribute.
Different communities seem to have developed varying expectations and understanding of how the data quality for such contact information can be maintained at a high level, and how and when a report sent to such a contact mechanism will be responded to or otherwise acted upon.
Recently, some RIPE Policy Proposals were submitted for consideration and these proposals (2010-08, 2010-09 and 2010-10) were discussed in the Address Policy Working Group, the Anti-Abuse Working Group and briefly in the Database Working Group during the RIPE 61 Meeting in Rome.
Deliberations among the responsible working group chairs and senior policy experts suggested that investigation be carried out to get a deeper understanding of the motivations behind the policy proposals, the expected outcomes, the operational and maintenance implications and the role the RIPE Database could perform to support the desired results. It was then suggested to the community and the policy proponents that the most efficient way to progress the issue would be the creation of a RIPE Task Force. There was no objection raised by the members of the community present at the meeting.
Draft Mandate for the Task Force
[This draft mandate is for consideration, modification and refinement by the task force]
The task force is mandated to:
- Agree on a useful name for the task force and, with the help of the RIPE NCC, arrange the logistics and report back to the community about the establishment of the task force
- Collect all relevant input that is readily available, in particular policy proposals, information from presentations given recently by the RIPE NCC regarding ideas on the future structure, credibility and quality of data, and the maintenance mechanisms for entries in the RIPE Database
- Collect and document comparable mechanisms and proposals in the other RIR Regions (APNIC, AfriNIC, ARIN and LACNIC)
- Work with the interested community and the RIPE NCC to understand the problem at hand and the environment in which to develop a proposal. This analysis of the environment should include legal aspects, formal responsibilities for the use of resources on the Internet, well-established operating procedures and relevant operational aspects.
- Develop one or more (policy) proposals and/or general recommendations on how collection and maintainace of relevant information in the Registry Database should be organised, including a description of potentially alternative implementations or approaches and the related impact on all parties involved
The Taskforce should:
- Try to collect the core group of participants before end of February 2010
- Start work on the dedicated mailing list as soon as possible, with a view to meet for a face-to-face meeting in advance of RIPE 62 (May 2011)
- Report on the task force's progress during RIPE 62 (May 2011) and collect regular input from the RIPE community
- Submit a first draft of a recommendation(s) and/or policy proposal(s) before RIPE 63
- Agree on the proposal(s) and agree on the expected implementation deadline
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|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.ripe.net/ripe/groups/tf/abuse-contact
|
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|
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| 0.929669
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| 1.875
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|
During the Civil War, Semple served as a captain of an artillery battery organized in Montgomery (known as Semple's Battery). He was later appointed a major and transferred to Mobile. In the letter he discusses upcoming campaigns; weather,...
The letter requests that the members of the Georgia-Alabama Boundary Survey Commission ("charged with running the dividing line between the States of Georgia and Alabama") meet in Milledgeville the next month. A transcript is included.
Display a larger image and more item information when the pointer pauses over a thumbnail
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/search/collection/voices/searchterm/Wood/field/title/mode/all/order/descri
|
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|
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The Pequest Trout Hatchery and
Natural Resource Education Center
Pequest will remain closed on weekends except for limited scheduled events/programs.
Anyone with an interest in fish, wildlife or the outdoors will enjoy a visit to
the state-of-the-art Pequest Trout Hatchery and Natural Resource Education
Center. Pequest began operations when trout production was transferred from
the Charles O. Hayford Hatchery
in Hackettstown in 1981.
Visitors are encouraged
to take advantage of the hiking trails, including the self-guided interpretive "Natural Resources Trail," picnic areas and free literature. Many opportunities exist for hunting, hiking, fishing and birding on the 4800-acre Pequest Wildlife Management Area - see the topo
map (pdf, 390kb) for details.
Monday through Friday (excluding holidays) between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., the center offers visitors
a look at how more than 600,000 brook, brown and rainbow trout are raised each
year for stocking the public waters
of New Jersey.
Take a Virtual
Tour (pdf, 545kb)
Visitors are invited to explore the newly renovated Exhibit Hall to learn about the hatchery and New Jersey's wildlife. Children will find the interactive displays fun as well as educational. A self-guided tour allows visitors to see where the trout are actually raised. The exhibit hall contains live fish as well as a display of mounted New Jersey wildlife specimens. The entire facility is barrier-free.
Weather fans take note: Pequest has become the newest link in Rutgers University's weather station network. The hatchery is now the site of one of 13 stations throughout the state that feed data to the state's weather and climate monitoring system. To view current weather conditions visit:
|
<urn:uuid:bd38aae5-0ed0-47f1-8e92-d943af9544cb>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.state.nj.us/dep/fgw/pequest.htm
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00043-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920816
| 369
| 2.09375
| 2
|
How well computers truly make sense of what they are reading is, of course, highly questionable, and most of those who use text-mining software say that it works best when guided by smart people with knowledge of the particular subject.
''I was an F.B.I. agent for 20 years,'' said Randall S. Murch, now a researcher at the Institute for Defense Analyses, which works for the Office of the Defense Secretary and other government agencies. ''And I have yet to see anyone who is able to model the way an agent thinks and works through an investigation.''
Text-mining software also can stumble when trying to parse the nuances of language. In other words, hold the sarcasm: If you send an e-mail complaint with references to ''oh-so-helpful salesmen who clearly know their customers,'' text-mining software might eventually categorize your note as a compliment.
But advocates say that when the software is used on niche sets of text, it can make a difference. Intelligence agencies, for example, can start to find connections between seemingly unconnected individuals and organizations. People responsible for keeping up with developments in an industry can use the software to scan, categorize and even summarize thousands of articles at a time. Computer makers can better analyze the masses of e-mail messages that pour into technical support centers.
As much as 80 percent of a company's knowledge base may reside in documents that might have been considered unusable, industry analysts say. With text mining, they say, that text can become part of the stream of data flowing through a company's analytic systems.
''Now it's not just about what is easily encoded in a medical claim record,'' said Dan Sullivan, president of the Ballston Group, an information-management consulting firm. ''Words matter, and words will become accessible again.''
So what exactly has text mining discovered already?
Take the Fireman's Fund Insurance Company, which in 1999 started seeking a way to spot fraud without always having to rely on its staff to pick up on suspicious activity.
The company had already tried to solve the problem by crunching just the hard data, like the coded numbers signifying types of claims. But the computers kept flagging so many false positives that Marty Ellingsworth, director of operations research, decided to take a look at how the company's human investigators did their work. He found that they gleaned a lot from the free-form notes typed in by claims adjusters -- about a client's behavior, say, or offhand comments.
An adjuster examining an accident between two vehicles, for example, may have noted that the front driver slammed on his brakes in light traffic, a potential tipoff to a staged rear-ender. ''When we looked over their shoulders and saw them reading the text, we saw that we had to do that too,'' he said. Now the company uses software to process those notes along with hard data.
The company uses similar methods to determine which insurance cases might be fruitful for subrogation, the practice of extracting payments from other insurance agencies for damages that appear to be caused by the other agency's clients. Since it started mining for that purpose, it has collected $1.4 million that it would have otherwise missed.
|
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/16/technology/digging-for-nuggets-of-wisdom.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00040-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
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| 0.961603
| 663
| 2.265625
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|
Posted by DewRoc | Posted in Health Care | Posted on 25-01-2012-05-2008
For many, the do-it-yourself method of food regulation is difficult. Changing eating habits is hard to do. There are new diet trends offered seasonally each year for people continually searching for a way to eat right. One important fact for the diabetic to keep in mind is that healthy eating for them is very nearly on par for healthy eating for everyone elseâitâs just that healthy eating is a must rather than an option. Healthy eating is comprised of a wide variety of foods with balanced meals that range with carbohydrates, proteins and fat. All calories must be accounted for, so keeping a food diary is a good way to start your journey into a healthy eating lifestyle.
For the diabetes sufferer, meals must be planned to keep blood glucose levels safely under control. Intake must be carefully weighed against insulin doses, medication and exercise to avoid extreme fluctuation of blood glucose levels. Meal planning may seem like a novelty at first, but after a week or two, you can recycle your plans and accomplish your healthy eating lifestyle more rapidly than you may have thought possible. Most healthcare providers will refer diabetes patients to a dietician or nutritionist to discuss a healthy eating plan. Talk about what you like to eat and find out if it can be worked into an eating plan.
A dietician will also be able to inform you about calorie counting, counting fat grams, counting carbohydrate grams, counting sodium grams, counting food exchanges, and any of your own individual goals for keeping healthy and maintaining an active lifestyle. Dieticians that have experience working with diabetic patients will provide you with a new way to look at food and eating so that the diabetes can be managed successfully.
While preparing your healthy eating plan you should also discuss your activities, your target range for blood glucose levels and how you may be able to prevent other diseases simply by eating healthy. Whether you have gestational, type 1 or type 2 diabetes, you will want to include as wide a variety of foods as possible. Use the standard food pyramid as a good rule of thumb when planning your daily intakes. To keep your body nutritionally happy, protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins and minerals in proper proportion are necessary.
Sources of carbohydrates include bread, grains, pasta, fruit, vegetables, legumes, and dairy products. Excellent protein sources are poultry, meats, dairy products, eggs and fish. For fat, look to meat, dairy products, nuts and oils. Most patients, however, need to keep weight under control, so focusing on good carbohydrates and protein becomes increasingly more important fat intake. Your caloric intake must be spent wisely and itâs best to avoid fats from bacon, bacon grease, butter, lard, cream cheese and coconut oil. If you crave sweets, consider using artificial sweeteners instead of sugar to keep your blood glucose levels in check.
While a dietician will be able to individualize your healthy eating plan, there are some general tips that all diabetes patients can keep in mind when it comes to eating healthy:
*Use a nonstick vegetable spray for cooking instead of oils.
*To flavor foods without adding additional calories, season your meals with herbs.
*When eating poultry, remember that breast meat is leanest.
*Avoid pastas that contain eggs or fat; select converted, brown or wild types of rice.
*Choose “choice” or “select” cuts of meat which are lower in fat.
*Try to eat fresh or frozen vegetables. If eating canned vegetables, be sure to rinse them to reduce the amount of sodium.
*When it comes to oils, choose olive, canola, soybean, corn, sesame or safflower.
While eating healthy and learning the ins and outs of nutrition may seem daunting at first, it will ultimately prove both rewarding and empowering. Controlling your disease by eating right is key to this and may other diseases.
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<urn:uuid:11efe429-2ba0-4c12-b12b-2f05496df9e8>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://asianculturalfestival.org/healthy-eating-for-diabetes-patients
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.949648
| 813
| 3.203125
| 3
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Take planet Mars for starters. The Red Planet, which is rather more coppery-gold to the naked eye, continues an eastward march against the backdrop of the stars, ends the month in Constellation Libra, "the scales," and sets about two hours after nightfall for the remainder of the year.
After Mars sets, visit
NASA's website at nasa.gov/mission_pages/msl/news/msl20120814.html to see the latest images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter satellite.
The orbiter is sending data via two bands. The first is released at a rate of 0.5 to 4 megabits per second using X-band radio frequency, the current industry standard, and the second is traveling via Ka-band, a newly employed radio frequency that sends data four times faster than the X-band.
While online, visit the Curiosity rover's image to get informed about the Mars Exploration Program at mars.jpl.
nasa.gov. Soon the orbiter's "augmented reality" AR tag will be used with smart phones to obtain updated information about the mission.
Saturn, another planet caught up in the technological fervor, will also be in the southwestern sky about 10 degrees to the lower right of Mars. After you've gotten the big picture with the naked eye, visit http://saturn.jpl
.nasa.gov/index.cfm to catch up with NASA's extended Solstice Mission through September 2017.
Jupiter, too, has a scientific mission dedicated to it. The spinning solar-powered Juno spacecraft is about four years away from its 2016 liaison with Jupiter. Skywatchers can enjoy the humongous frozen gas planet, positioned more than two-thirds of the way above the south, in the month's early-morning hours.
The monstrous planet, 88,000 miles wide, rises above the eastern horizon mid-evening and brightens to minus-2.5 magnitude by the end of the month.
If you've never seen Uranus, now is a great time to look for it because it reaches opposition on the night of Sept. 28-29. Appearing aquamarine-grey in binoculars and telescopes, the planet shines at 5.7-magnitude. It's bright enough to see with the naked eye in very dark skies, but the third-largest planet in the solar system is difficult to resolve in telescopes due to a lack of contrast between Uranus' pallid disc and its dark background.
To find Uranus between dusk and 9 p.m., first find the Great Square of Pegasus asterism within Constellation Pegasus halfway up the eastern sky and due east of the Northern Cross in Constellation Cygnus directly overhead. Then line up the winged horse's alpha star Markab, "the saddle," and the gamma star Algenib, "the flank," located at the lower left-hand corner in the square, and track away from zenith.
Neptune, another ice gas-shrouded outer planet, reached opposition in August, and is visible below Pegasus in Constellation Aquarius.
If you have any difficulty finding either planet, resort to star charts, binoculars and telescopes. If all else fails, visit Sommers-Bausch Observatory at the University of Colorado. Visit http://fiske.colorado
Autumn begins at 2:49 p.m. Sept. 22.
The moon will be full at 9:19 p.m. Sept. 29, and is called the Full Harvest Moon.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.dailycamera.com/get-out/ci_21512442
|
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|
en
| 0.905946
| 742
| 2.96875
| 3
|
According to Chinese mythology carps swim up river to become dragons. The Koinobori flapping in the wind resemble carps swimming up stream. They represent a young child's journey to becoming a dragon (successful adult).
The black carp represents the father, the red carp represents the mother a blue carp is added for each child (traditionally each boy).
Children's Day is part of the Golden Week mega holiday in Japan. It takes place on May 5th each year.
Children's Day or Boy's Day?May 5th was previously known as Boy's Day (Tango no Sekku). It has been celebrated as such since the year 628. Recently, the government announced the day would be changed to Children's Day. They stated the new meaning of the day would be "to respect children's personalities and to give thanks to mothers for raising children".
This has generally confused people in Japan for several reasons:
1. There's already a Girl's Day (Hina Matsuri) on March 3rd.
2. Mother's Day is celebrated in Japan as in the West (second Sunday in May). There's no tradition of giving thanks to Mothers on May 5th.
3. The traditions and symbolism of May 5th is related to boys. These traditions are thousands of years old and are deeply entrenched.
4. The Japanese government is in the habit of changing the meaning of public holidays on a regular basis.
These factors have meant that most people still celebrate the day as Boy's Day (Tango no Sekku).
How is it Celebrated?Boy's Day is a special day for boys in the family. It's a day when young boys think about their future. The symbolism of the day is intended to honor boys and hope that they will grow up healthy and strong.
Koinobori carp flags are put up in April and kept flying for about a month.
Kodomo No Hi cakes and deserts also have a carp theme.
It's also common to eat kashiwa mochi (mochi filled with red bean paste wrapped in oak leaves).
On May 5th families display traditional samurai helmets (Kabuto).
It's also common to make an origami helmet for young boys on this day.
|
<urn:uuid:fe2a248c-7926-4382-bcd7-45816e7fdc50>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.japan-talk.com/jt/new/kodomo-no-hi
|
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|
en
| 0.97175
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| 2.90625
| 3
|
COMMISSION ON STATUS OF WOMEN
Opinion No. 28 (1978)
QUESTION: May a judge continue to serve upon the Texas Commission on
the Status of Women without violating the Code of Judicial Conduct?
ASSUMED FACTS: The Commission was created by Executive Order D.B. No. 32, dated August 11, 1977, with the duties and authorities of the members defined in Section II of the order. These duties are broadly defined and intended to develop recommendations for policies and programs which will achieve equal opportunity for women throughout the state.
ANSWER: Based upon the information available, the Commission is of the opinion that membership upon the Texas Commission on the Status of Women would not be in contravention of any of the canons of Judicial Conduct, provided such service poses no conflict with judicial duties or responsibilities.
|
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|
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http://www.law.uh.edu/libraries/ethics/Judicial/jeao/001-100/jeao028.html
|
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|
en
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POSTED: 08:01 p.m. HST, Feb 08, 2011
The Hawaiian hoary bat could become the official land mammal for the state of Hawaii.
The Senate Hawaiian Affairs Committee passed a bill 7-0 yesterday recognizing the endangered bat, which is the only land mammal whose subspecies is found exclusively in Hawaii.
The bat may not be as endearing as the state mammal, the Hawaiian monk seal, but it's getting support because of its uniqueness and rarity.
Republican Sen. Sam Slom has set up a website to encourage bestowing a state honor upon the hoary bat, saying its establishment in Hawaii represents one of the "most spectacular over-water colonization events in mammalian history."
The proposal next advances to the Senate Judiciary Committee.
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Since the dawn of the video game industry gamers have been duped and cheated by third party companies making inferior joysticks, controllers and other accessories that paled in comparison to their first party counterparts. That all changed with Logitech, a technology company that made gaming peripherals that were as good, and sometimes better, than the real thing.
The company recently stated that they’re getting out of that business. It’s just not profitable.
For gamers, this is what it sounds like when doves cry.
That, and some positive news, made the cut for this week’s tech news roundup.
Logitech out of the console game business
Gamers know buying third-party peripherals is tricky. Many of them are cheaply made and can’t stand up to the quality of gamepads and racing wheels made by Nintendo, Microsoft and Sony. Logitech, however, was always an exception.
Known for quality gaming products and top of the line universal remote controls, the company was the gold standard in the industry.
But it wasn’t enough to keep them in the business. The company reported some bad numbers for Q3 of the 2013 Fiscal Year, and will take immediate action to stem the bleeding. That means abandoning the universal remotes and gaming peripherals and focusing on tablet accessories.
New auto battery tech from Toyota, BMW
First announced in 2011, the next-generation of automobile batteries known as “lithium-air” is being developed under a partnership between Toyota Motor Corp. and BMW Group. According to cbsnews.com, the companies wish to complete a fuel-cell vehicle system by 2020, and a concept for a mid-size sports vehicle by the end of this year. They will also work together on developing lightweight technologies such as composites, which will help make cars greener.
Lithium-air batteries are said to be more powerful than the current lithium-ion vehicles used in electric automobiles. The technology will allow a major part of the battery’s energy-making process to come from the oxygen in air.
The partnership will cover a wide range of green solutions for the auto industry.
“We really share the same vision,” said BMW AG board member Herbert Diess.
He went on to say the cooperation would help both companies boost competitiveness in new technologies.
Fuji x20Old tech in new camera
The new Fuji X20 is packed with new technology, as you would expect from a camera that costs $600.
But, as The New York Times reports, the company also reached back into film history to aid the camera’s digital light sensor technology. To solve a problem known as the “moiré pattern,” in which wavy shadows or a rainbow seems to appear over certain images, the company looked back to analog photography.
They created a pattern called the X-Trans sensor, which the company claims will bring higher resolution and less graininess than that in the X10, which this new camera replaces.
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Annual Report to Congress FY 2005
|MS Word (371 KB)|
Putting Reading First
Research shows reading difficulties and behavioral problems are among the most common reasons for referring students for special education evaluation and, ultimately, for their placement in special education programs. OCR’s experience, including its previous investigations, has shown minority students and students with limited English proficiency, in particular, may be misidentified and placed in certain special education categories.
Students inappropriately placed in special education programs may not receive the same curriculum content as other students and may face barriers in their later efforts to obtain a regular high school diploma, pursue postsecondary education, or prepare for employment. Similarly, students who need special education services, but who are not identified, evaluated, and provided such services, also face significant barriers to future success.
Research also shows classroom interventions addressing reading problems can reduce the number of children who are inappropriately referred for evaluation and placed in special education programs. In working with school districts, OCR emphasizes the importance of implementing high-quality research-based reading programs, both in order to reduce the number of students who are inappropriately referred for special education evaluation and placed in special education programs and to ensure students who need, but are not receiving, special education are provided the services they require.
Education is a civil right. To deny that right is to cancel all other rights. An educated child is a child who can grow up to be a full participant in society, voting, finding meaningful work, getting involved in the community, and working to achieve his or her own American dream.…
For many years now, OCR has been conducting compliance reviews in school districts around the country on the issue of misidentification of all students, particularly minority students, in the provision of special education services. The initiative also focuses on ensuring national origin minority students are not identified, referred for evaluation, and placed in special education programs based on their limited English proficiency.
For example, in a FY 2005 compliance review of a school district, OCR determined the district discriminated against national-origin minority students with limited English proficiency (LEP) and American Indian students by inappropriately placing them in special education programs because of their English language skills. The district agreed to meet effectively the educational needs of its LEP and American Indian students and to ensure LEP and American Indian students are appropriately identified and appropriately placed in special education programs.
Also in FY 2005, OCR successfully resolved a compliance review of a school district with an agreement ensuring several hundred students identified as cognitively disabled and learning disabled are evaluated appropriately and provided education programs and services appropriate to their needs. The district agreed to: correct problems in its assessments and consideration of adaptive behavior for students who may be eligible for special education services; ensure consistent consideration of evaluation data; and review the eligibility and placement of those students who have been affected by shortcomings in these areas. Students who no longer receive special education or whose placement is changed as a result of the revaluations will receive remedial or other appropriate transitional services, as needed.
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3.5.10. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS/TRANSFER OF GOODS AND TECHNICAL DATA:
International agreements should address the allocation of rights in any intellectual property that may arise under the proposed activity. In general, NASA's cooperative activities with foreign entities are not directed to the joint development of technology, or products or processes that are potentially of commercial value. Each party is fully responsible, technically and financially, for a clearly defined element of the project. Where NASA’s international cooperative activities are not directed to the joint development of technology, sample clauses 3.5.l. - 3.5.q. in appendix 3 should be used. The clauses are structured so that each party can protect its sensitive technology while still providing necessary interface information. The clauses allow each party to retain intellectual property rights in the technology/hardware it has developed independently of the other party. Scientific results of NASA’s cooperation with foreign entities, however, are shared among the cooperating parties and made available to the international community.
Although rare, it is possible that the situation may arise where NASA is involved in "joint" research, i.e., where both parties jointly develop an element of the project. In such instances, the applicability of the intellectual property provisions in existing Government-level "umbrella" agreements covering joint research in general science and technology cooperation may also need to be considered.
In either case, of primary concern in agreements with foreign entities, is the avoidance of unauthorized or unnecessary transfer of U.S. technology and compliance with U.S. export control laws and regulations.
22.214.171.124 INVENTION AND PATENT RIGHTS:
see appendix 3, clause 3.5.l. "Intellectual Property Rights/Transfer of Goods and Technical Data" Invention and Patent Rights Sample Clause.
126.96.36.199. INVENTION AND PATENT RIGHTS/JOINT INVENTION:
Where there is a possibility of a joint invention but the use of the existing Government-level "umbrella" agreements is not appropriate, sample clause 3.5.m. in appendix 3 is added to the Invention and Patent Rights sample clause 3.5.l. in letter agreements with foreign governmental entities under international law. In addition, sample clause 3.5.m. in appendix 3 is typically included in agreements with foreign entities under U.S. law.
see appendix 3, clause 3.5.m. "Intellectual Property Rights/Transfer of Goods and Technical Data" Invention and Patent Rights/Joint Invention Sample Clause.
188.8.131.52. TRANSFER OF TECHNICAL DATA AND GOODS:
Sample clause 3.5.n. addresses the transfer of hardware and its associated technical data (e.g., data directly related to the interfaces, integration, testing, use or operation of an item of hardware) required for the parties to meet their obligations under the agreement. Also, to the extent applicable, the provision should cover the rights and obligations of the parties with respect to transferred proprietary data and export-controlled data and goods.
A significant percentage of NASA's international activities may involve transfers by NASA, or other U.S. parties, of commodities, software, or technologies to foreign partners. These transfers are generally subject to export control laws and regulations, regardless of whether they occur in the United States, overseas, or in space. Export controls are imposed on such transfers and activities in order to protect the national security and to further U.S. foreign policy objectives. NASA’s Export Control Policy was articulated as follows by the Administrator in October 1995.
"As a U.S. Government Agency on the forefront of technological development and international cooperation in the fields of space, aeronautics, and science, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration will strive to fulfill its mission for cooperative international research and civil space development in harmony with the export control laws and regulations of the United States and the world, including risks posed by the spread of missile technologies and weapons of mass destruction, and in view of the significant criminal, civil, and administrative penALTies that may affect the Agency and its employees as a result of a failure to comply with U.S. export control laws and regulations, it is the responsibility of every NASA official and employee to ensure that the export control policies of the United States, including nonproliferation objectives, are fully observed in the pursuit of NASA’s international mission."
Overall, each party is obligated to transfer to the other party only those technical data and goods necessary to fulfill the transferring party’s responsibilities under the agreement. When appropriate, the type of data to be exchanged without restrictions is specified, e.g., "interface, integration, and safety data (excluding detailed design, manufacturing, and processing data, and associated software.") Sample clause 3.5.n. in appendix 3 is structured to allow the parties to exchange data without restrictions, except for possible proprietary or export controlled data. Additionally, the clause precludes the unwarranted transfer of technology by limiting use of the transferred, marked proprietary data, data subject to export control and goods to the specific purposes of the programs implemented by the agreement. [For additional information on NASA’s Export Control Program, See the "NASA Export Control Program" (NASA/ECP), dated April 1997].
see appendix 3, clause 3.5.n. "Intellectual Property Rights/Transfer of Goods and Technical Data" Transfer of Technical Data and Goods Sample Clause.
In certain cases, transfers of particularly sensitive items, including technologies, warrant more restrictive provisions regarding transfers of technical data and goods between parties. Such cases may include launch activities, transfers of advanced payloads or other items with heightened export control concerns, or activities which raise special security, foreign policy, or nonproliferation issues. In these cases, it is appropriate to provide the parties with the ability to review proposed retransfers of items among the receiving party’s related entities (contractors, subcontractors, etc.), if desired.
184.108.40.206. RIGHTS IN RESULTING DATA:
Sample clause 3.5.o. in appendix 3 addresses the parties’ exchange of and right to use the data (usually of a scientific nature) resulting from the agreement, as well as the availability of data to others. In appropriate circumstances, the parties may agree that the raw scientific data derived from experiments will be reserved to Principal Investigators for scientific analysis purposes and first publication rights for a set period of time, usually not exceeding 1 year. The period begins with receipt of the raw data and any associated (e.g., spacecraft) data in a form suitable for analysis. In appropriate instances, Principal Investigators may be requested to share the data with other investigators, including interdisciplinary scientific and guest investigators, to enhance the scientific return from the mission/program under procedures decided by a designated group under the agreement. Such "reserved use" periods are not usually provided in Earth science data arrangements or in other arrangements where rapid, open, and unrestricted data access is desired.
It is also usually agreed that the parties to the agreement will have access to, and use of, the raw data and any associated data, but, during the exclusive-use period, such parties' use will not prejudice the first publication rights of the Principal Investigators. The parties customarily agree that, following the exclusive-use period, the data will be deposited with designated data repositories or data libraries, as appropriate, and, thereafter, will be made available to the scientific community for further scientific use.
see appendix 3, clause 3.5.o. "Intellectual Property Rights/Transfer of Goods and Technical Data" Rights in Resulting Data Sample Clause.
220.127.116.11. PATENT AND COPYRIGHT USE -- AUTHORIZATION, CONSENT, INDEMNIFICATION:
One of the remedies available to a patent or copyright owner for patent or copyright infringement is an injunction preventing the alleged infringer from making, using, or selling the invention or work, or carrying out the process, which is the subject of the patent or copyright, until a court resolves the legal dispute. The U.S. Government has waived sovereign immunity with respect to monetary compensation for patent or copyright infringement, but not with respect to injunction. Under 28 U.S.C. § 1498, whenever an invention or work covered by a U.S. patent or copyright is used by the United States, or for the United States and with its authorization and consent, the patent or copyright owner’s only remedy is an action against the United States in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims for the recovery of reasonable and entire compensation for such use and
Where cognizant patent or intellectual property counsel determine that activities undertaken by NASA's cooperating partner, its contractors, and subcontractors are likely to be legally enjoined by a patent or copyright owner in the United States, then an authorization and consent clause should be included in an agreement in order to avoid an injunction. This also avoids any legal arguments regarding whether authorization and consent, if not expressed, should be implied because of the beneficial cooperation involved in the MOU or letter agreement. If not included in the agreement, however, it can be added subsequently by the parties by mutual agreement.
In order to protect the United States financially, whenever authorization and consent is granted, NASA’s cooperating partner should be required to indemnify the U.S. Government if infringement liability is incurred, as decided by the U.S. Court of Federal Claims. When no authorization and consent is granted, the broad indemnification clauses (sample clauses 1.2.v. and 1.2.w. in appendix 1) sufficiently provide for intellectual property infringement indemnification.
see appendix 3, clause 3.5.p. "Intellectual Property Rights/Transfer of Goods and Technical Data" Patent and Copyright Use -- Authorization, Consent, Indemnification Sample Clause.
18.104.22.168. RELEASE OF GENERAL INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC:
It is customary to include, if applicable, sample clause 3.5.q. in appendix 3 in agreements with foreign entities that provides for the release of general information to the public.
Sample Clause, see appendix 3, clause 3.5.q. "Intellectual Property Rights/Transfer of Goods and Technical Data" Release of General Information to the Public Sample Clause.
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Hospitality Management is the management of any business that supplies food, drink, or accommodations for those away from home. This includes hotels, motels, holiday parks, restaurants, cafes and other related industries that deal with tourism and leisure. Hospitality Management, including the Food Service Industry, is one of the fastest growing occupations in the world. The Food Service Industry is seeking those with a culinary and hospitality education to meet the complex demands of the 21st century.
Richland Community College offers several options for anyone interested in working in the Hospitality Industry. Visit the Culinary Arts page for information specifically regarding our Culinary Arts Program.
Career and Technical Education Options
- Associate in Applied Science in Food Service
- Food Service Management Certificate
- Hospitality Management Fundamentals Certificate
- Hopsitality Operations Management Certificate
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FONTAINE, SYDNEY THURSTON
FONTAINE, SYDNEY THURSTON (1838–1912). Sydney T. Fontaine, Confederate officer, was born on November 30, 1838, in Houston, Texas, to Henry W. W. Fontaine and Susan E. Bryson. By 1850 Fontaine became a resident of Galveston, and by 1860 he was a law student who enlisted in the Confederate Army in April 1861.
Fontaine enlisted as first lieutenant of Company A, Cook's Regiment of Heavy Artillery, on May 13, 1861, and was stationed at Galveston, for the first years of the war. After the battle of Galveston, in which Fontaine served, he was promoted to captain on June 25, 1861, and to major on July 19, 1864. On January 28, 1863, he was on leave as a witness during a court martial. He was named Chief of Artillery and Ordinance for the District of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona on December 28, 1863. Fontaine served in that capacity throughout the war and was discharged in 1865 in Houston.
Following the war, Sydney Fontaine returned to Galveston to work as a prominent attorney and later a judge. In 1869 he ran for district clerk against a black candidate. In 1871 he helped survey Galveston Island for the General Land Office in Austin. On June 19, 1873, in Harris, Texas, he married Julia Wood Washington of Columbus, Colorado County, Texas. The couple produced five children and resided in Galveston through 1895 when Julia helped to found the city's chapter of the Texas Daughters of the American Revolution. In 1898 he was a member of the Knights of Pythias at Lodge #244 in Galveston. He died on September 5, 1912, and is buried at the Episcopal Cemetery in Galveston.
Dallas Morning News, January 30, 1898. Galveston Tri-Weekly News, September 3, 1869; December 1, 1869. Mamie Yeary, Reminiscences of the Boys in Gray, 1861–1865, (McGregor, Texas: 1912; rpt., Dayton, Ohio: Mornwseseazingside, 1912).
The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this article.Jennifer Eckel, "FONTAINE, SYDNEY THURSTON," Handbook of Texas Online (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/ffo61), accessed June 16, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
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Egyptian Liberals (like their Egyptian-American expatriate colleague Mona Eltahawy) championing free speech
Vote Compass is an interactive electoral literacy application, originally founded by Clifton van der Linden, at the University of Toronto, and subsequently applied internationally by political scientists, including within Egypt.
Dutch Political Scientist André Krouwel, working with an academic team of Egyptian political scientists at Vote Compass Egypt, was interviewed for a story published today (12/8/12) in the Vancouver Sun (hat tip Diana West) about data on Egyptian attitudes toward the draft constitution. Despite Egypt’s ongoing political crisis, including violent clashes, precipitated by President Morsi’s assertion of executive powers to break the 6-month deadlock which had stalled Egypt’s constitutional draft and referendum process, Krouwel (ostensibly speaking for his Vote Compass Egypt team) acknowledges,
About 70 per cent of the population will vote in favor of the constitution
This overwhelming support for the draft constitution was registered despite the fact that as my colleague Andrew McCarthy re-affirms today (12/8/12), the charter effectively, “denies freedom of conscience,” and “denies freedom of expression.”
Dating back to within a few days of their publication in April, 2007, I have repeatedly highlighted data from Egypt indicating that 74% of Egyptians favored “strict” application of the Sharia in general. As recently as December 2010, Pew polling data revealed that 84% of Egyptian Muslims rejected freedom of conscience in the most ugly terms claiming apostates should be killed (i.e., that percentage would likely be well over 90% if less draconian punishments, such as imprisonment and beating till recantation were queried), 82% favor stoning adulterers to death, and 77% approved of mutilating punishments for theft. Moreover, just last week when 7 expatriate Copts and Terry Jones were condemned to death for “blasphemy” not a single high profile Egyptian “liberal” or “non-Islamist,” or “authentic moderate reformer”—whatever moniker one wishes to use for such individuals—has forcefully and unequivocally condemned this heinous verdict in the Egyptian public square.
None of this bedrock, totalitarian, liberty-crushing mass Islamic mindset can be blamed on the behind the scenes “machinations of the Muslim Brotherhood (MB)”; it is merely a reflection of Islamic beliefs and mores the MB openly shares with the mass of Egyptians, and has shared since the undercurrent of public longings in the 1920s first lead to the MB’s flowering.
Islamologist James Heyworth-Dunne’s observations, published shortly after his death in 1949, made clear that “…should the ikhwan [Brotherhood] acquire power,” it would impose the orthodox Islamic, Sharia-based restrictions advocated by founder Hasan al-Banna (i.e., such as the compulsory veiling of women; closing “un-Islamic” newspapers and periodicals, and making impossible the purchase of English and French novels; closing bars, restaurants, and cabarets, while forbidding the sale or consumption of alcohol and scourging anyone found consuming alcoholic beverages). However, Heyworth-Dunne added that these restrictions merely represented a “…return to their Islamic customs which, in fact prevailed only 25 years ago.”Thus Heyworth-Dunne (writing prior to1950) confirms that before 1925 (or earlier, i.e., “25 years ago”)—antedating by at least three years the advent of the MB—their “version” of Sharia and its mores represented in fact a recent, previously longstanding status quo
History and hard data—including the Vote Compass Egypt data just shared by Krouwel revealing 70% support for the increasingly Sharia-compliant Egyptian draft constitution, tell us why the “Egyptian liberals” are so afraid of a constitutional referendum despite their claims it is “unpopular”.
Now that the “Egyptian liberals” have organized into a front they should be able to defeat the proposed constitution, and force a new draft process. But the “liberals’” response seems to be violent anarchy instead—which of course likely serves the MB because the MB bureaucrats may have softened, but their ardent followers of all stripes surely haven’t become less adept at violence.
The sheer, delusive hypocrisy of the “Egyptian liberals” is epitomized by Kamel Daoud, spokesman for Hizb-el Dostour, (the Constitutional Party), led by Nobel Peace Prize winner Mohamed El-Baradei. Crowing that the opposition was “winning a new round every day,” and “I think more and more people understand why we are against what is happening,” he nonetheless re-stated his movement’s bottom line rejection of a simple democratic referendum that would validate his contentions:
We continue to insist that there should not be a vote on the constitution.
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AROUND 800 jobs could be created in the North East as part of a new scheme which helps potential entrepreneurs get access to expertise to launch a business.
North East enterprise agency Tedco was among the bodies which urged the Government to launch the Ready for Business programme to help start- ups following the loss of the regional Business Link advice service.
The Government has backed the scheme with £15m of Regional Growth Fund money, which will help entrepreneurs in the most deserving areas of the country, principally in the North of England, to create a total of 6,000 businesses and up to 10,000 jobs.
The North East gets £1.5m of the investment, with every district getting help, while richer areas like Surrey get nothing.
The money will fund support to help businesses make the transition from employment to business start up, including one to one advice, mentoring, access to finance support and business planning.
Organisers have been working with Barclays bank, which pumped £1m into the scheme, to develop the training, which is available to anyone willing to pay £500 and raise match-funding to launch their business with a finance deal from any bank they choose.
Tedco and other regional agencies developed the plan and is confident that it will make a real difference in regions such as the North East, which have a poor record in successful new business creation.
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Most of us have probably heard of mico- and macro-nutrients. But what exactly are they, what are the different types, and which ones are most important?
Keep reading to find out the answers to these questions and more!
Macro-nutrients are those that provide energy (calories), and include carbohydrates, protein and fat. A summary of each macro-nutrient is provided below:
- Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy
- Carbohydrates provide 4 calories per gram
- Whole grains, fruits, and starchy vegetables are good sources
- Protein is used by the body for repair and maintenance
- Protein provides 4 calories per gram
- Vegan sources include beans, legumes, nuts and nut butters, seeds, tofu and tempeh, and whole grains
- Dietary fat helps provide a sense of satiety after eating, and aids in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K
- Fat provides 9 calories per gram – it is the most energy-dense macro-nutrient
- Vegan sources include nuts and nut butter, seeds, avocado, coconut, and plant-based oils
Most diet plans – whether for weight loss, a food allergy, or ethical concerns, tend to over-emphasize the importance of macro-nutrients and under-emphasize micro-nutrients. While it is important to ensure that you consume adequate amounts of each macro-nutrient, doing so is easily achieved for most people by eating a varied diet with an appropriate overall caloric intake.
What’s more important for many people is taking care to evenly distribute their nutrient intake throughout the day. In particular, limiting the quantity of protein and/or fat eaten in one sitting can improve digestion and help reduce stomach upset.
Very dense protein sources, especially those that are also high in saturated fat, are extremely difficult to digest. This is one reason to avoid meat and other animal products.
You may also find that eating a lot of fat at a single meal causes digestive problems or just a general feeling of heaviness, or that you feel better by avoiding certain sources of fat, such as fatty meats or dairy products.
Diet quality and nutrient density are the most important considerations for overall health, well-being and maintaining a healthy weight. Although there are a number of sophisticated and often complicated systems for measuring diet quality (e.g. ANDI and other food rating scores), focusing on whole, unprocessed foods is the best way to ensure that your diet is nutrient-dense. Whole foods are closest to their natural form and are therefore rich in nutrients and free of unhealthy, unnatural additives.
Foods with the greatest nutrient density (from most to least dense) include:
- Raw leafy green vegetables, such as spinach and mixed salad greens
- Solid green vegetables, such as broccoli, asparagus, snap peas and Brussels sprouts
- Non-green, non-starchy vegetables, such as beets, carrots, cauliflower and onions
- Beans and legumes
- Fresh fruits
- Starchy vegetables, such as winter squash, yams and potatoes
- Whole grains, such as quinoa, brown rice and teff
- Raw nuts and seeds
For optimal health, the foods listed above should form the basis of your diet. Meat, eggs, dairy and refined foods such as chips, cookies, crackers, white rice, and refined oils have extremely low nutrient density scores and should be limited or avoided.
Vitamins and Minerals:
In theory, vitamin and mineral supplements should not be necessary if your caloric intake is adequate and your diet includes a variety of whole foods. However, individual vitamin and mineral needs vary with age, gender, activity level, season, and climate.
A simple blood test can tell you a lot about your nutritional status, and is probably a good idea before beginning any supplement. With any supplementation regimen, tracking your levels over time is useful for ensuring your nutrition needs are met.
For example, your vitamin D level may be adequate during summer months when your sun exposure is greater, but may drop below a healthy range during the winter months. In this case, seasonal vitamin D supplementation would be beneficial.
The most common vitamin and mineral deficiencies, especially for vegetarians and vegans, are in iron, calcium, vitamin D and B12. Some plant-based sources of these vitamins and minerals are summarized below:
- Vegan sources of calcium include leafy green vegetables (like spinach and kale), almonds and sesame seeds. Many milk and yogurt alternatives are also calcium-fortified.
- Leafy greens are also a great source of iron, in addition to legumes, quinoa and pumpkin seeds.
- Many brands of nutritional yeast contain vitamin B12. Try it on popcorn, with lentils, or on pasta!
- Adequate sun exposure is important for everyone (but especially for vegans) to maintain healthy levels of vitamin D. Source of Life and GHT make an excellent vegan vitamin D3 supplement.
Levels of each of these nutrients should be monitored using a blood test in an annual (or more frequent) check-up to ensure optimal levels.
Image Credit: mmatins/Flickr
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I had the impression that his book was rather anecdotal, an interesting overview perhaps, but not finally so deeply engaged with the music itself or the technical issues 20th century composers faced to achieve sincere self-expression.
I'm sure you already know this, but only the walzer of Op 23 is actually 12-tone. One of the things that makes the set so interesting is that it was probably intentionally written as a history of his development of the 12-tone technique. Of course, they are all serial (for the most part, although there are interesting exceptions within the movements), and of increasingly rigorous technique up to the walzer. It is almost a transition from the expressionism of Erwartung and Op 11/19 etc to the more restrained, in a sense classical Op 25, which I think he began writing while finishing 23.
Your dismay with the common dismissals of these masterpieces as experiments I wholeheartedly share. Perhaps part of the problem here is also the fact they have been so championed as analytical examples for composition students and not so much by real musicians. I fall into this danger myself constantly, as I find the analysis fascinating, and in fact I made some videos showing some basic motivic and formal analysis on top of Pina's playing, but she asked me to take them off, and perhaps she is right. It would be good to allow Schoenberg to stir the imagination for awhile instead of just the intellect.
The commodotization of music is another huge concern for me (also, as a kind of unfortunate contradiction, from the viewpoint of someone who wants to make a living from it), and of course, as Adorno I think very convincingly argues, was at least partially the sort of pressure that shaped Schoenberg's development. The fact it is possible to argue over whether Op. 23 is too visceral, as it seems to be for Ross, or on the other hand equanimous as you feel I think is intriguing and very telling. His music tends to become more and more expressionistic, and in this sense human, yet more and more structured and rigidified. The increasing amount of control ceded to technique and precompositional decisions is almost oppressive to the expressivity of the material - I think the 4th movement is an extremely good example of this. It's hard to breath afterwards. Even the forms of these pieces share in this paradox, having one form that is heard and one that is functional and structural underneath.
And so one can't help but feel the human drama of the music, at once immediate and subjective, and at the same time feel alienated by that same very high pitch of subjective expression to the point that the piece becomes objectified. This process of personal alienation through objectification, if I can use that as a word, is one of the major themes of the 20th century, and is I think in large part why this music is so pertinant and beautiful. And if it was an experiment, it was certainly successful. The fact that it is not so readily marketable is in this sense precisely the point, and it is the perfect antidote to the pop, commercial, "brand" culture that in my view pervades and generally doesn't help even the classical field.
But perhaps these things are slowly changing. I think there is a chance his music will be reappraised and reach significantly larger audiences sometime in the near future. It is starting to receive more concerts and more sensative performances. Of course, Op. 11's atonality turned 100 years old this year, if I remember right, so it's about time!
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National Catholic Reporter joins Catholic United in calling for President Obama to convene a national discussion on preventing gun violence.
Catholics United issued the following release today in reaction to this morning’s mass shooting in Newtown, Conn.:
“Today’s shooting is yet another horrific marker in a seemingly endless cycle of gun violence in America. As we mourn the dead and send thoughts and prayers to the families of the victims of this senseless act, we know prayer alone is not enough.
“As Catholics who support the social justice achievements of this President, we are disappointed in his lack of action in working to prevent these heinous acts of violence. We call on President Obama to find the courage to lead our nation and help bring a true and lasting end to gun violence.
“We need an immediate national dialogue on preventing yet another American family from having to go through Christmas without the loved ones they lost to gun violence. When will we stop setting the price of our freedoms at the blood of innocent children? We pray our elected leaders have the courage to face up to intransigent special interests and engage in a serious discussion of how to end--permanently--the cycle of gun violence in America.”
Our editorial from the summer: Editorial: We are victims of out-of-control gun culture.
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Crop Scouting Cards Now Available
AMES, Iowa — Farmers and crop scouts can identify and keep track of soybean and corn field problems throughout the season by using a new series of field crop scouting cards. The cards were produced by the Iowa State University (ISU) Integrated Pest Management program with support from the Iowa Soybean Association (ISA).
The series includes nine scouting cards: early, mid- and late-season soybean scouting; early, mid- and late-season corn scouting; and problem-specific cards for white mold, soybean aphid and stink bugs. The cards can be used as a recordkeeping tool to track pest problems in specific fields over time, which then can be referenced when making future decisions. Color images and descriptions on disease and pest cards will simplify the identification of crop issues.
“Identifying insects, diseases and other issues is a critical part of making good management decisions in corn and soybean,” said Daren Mueller, ISU Extension plant pathologist. “These publications can be used by crop scouts as a calling card to let the farmer know the field has been scouted and as a record of any problems in the field.”
The scouting cards were developed to complement the Iowa State field guide series. Several publications in the field guide series and the soybean scouting cards were partially funded by ISA through the soybean checkoff.
Iowa Soybean Association CEO Kirk Leeds said, “ISA is proud to continue to partner with Iowa State on the production and distribution of these useful scouting guides. For more than 40 years, the soybean checkoff program has been working with leading researchers and extension specialists at ISU to provide Iowa’s farmers the latest agronomic information. These guides are another in a series of joint publications all aimed at helping soybean farmers more effectively manage their soybean acres.”
Scouting cards can be ordered from the ISU Extension Online Store at store.extension.iastate.edu or by calling (515) 294-5247 and requesting the appropriate publication. Copies of the soybean scouting cards can also be obtained by contacting the Iowa Soybean Association at 800-383-1423; pdfs are also available at www.iasoybeans.com/productionresearch/productiontech.html.
Aaron Putze, Communications Director, Iowa Soybean Association, 800-383-1423, email@example.com
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Above & Beyond: Ration of Luck
- By Donald V. Courtney
- Air & Space magazine, November 2002
Donald V. Courtney
(Page 2 of 3)
Barnowsky and I checked the damage and counted bullet holes. Fuel was pouring out of the left wing, but Rich said no problem, we had an empty tank on the right we could use. He started transferring fuel, and then gas started pouring out of the right wing too, through a hole we hadn’t known about.
C-46s were famous for enduring an engine fire for about 45 seconds before the wing came off. B-916 now had fuel pouring out of each wing, over each engine exhaust. Everybody chuted up and kept their eyes on the streams of avgas. On approach to the airport in the Laos capital of Vientiane, as soon as we were too low to jump, we shucked off the parachutes and pulled open anything that resembled an emergency exit. We waited to see what would happen when B-916 backfired on final approach, as it always did, and to see if one or both of the main tires had caught bullets and gone flat.
Neither main was flat, and B-916 did not backfire. We just rolled on out to the parking ramp and shut down the engines. It was rainy season, and the ramp was submerged in several inches of water. We piled out and watched fuel pouring out, spreading avgas rainbows all over. We waded about a hundred yards before we found a dry spot where we could safely light smokes. We all stood there, shaking and cussing and puffing away.
About a year later, Fred Reilly was landing with a load of rice on the Plaines des Jarres, a field of ancient monuments in north-central Laos, just as the Lao Neutralists split in two and started an intramural firefight. Reilly was stitched across the legs by .50-caliber machine gun fire and his C-123 piled up at the end of the grass runway, crushing him under several tons of rice. The wreckage of his airplane, shining on the grassy plains, became a landmark.
B-916 went back to Tainan and was rebuilt. Right after it came back, it was hit just south of the Plaines des Jarres, got a fire in the left engine, and shed the left wing in less than a minute. Two Thai PDOs—Varaphong and Kukinchin—and nobody else got out on static-line chutes at about 200 feet. Very soon after, Kukinchin was killed when C-46, tail number 77 Victor, went straight into a ridge and blew up.
Meanwhile, back at Takhli, another C-46, B-136, came in with pilot Bill Beale. Beale had a Smilin’ Jack moustache, a laid-back outlook, a fat and interesting logbook, and an addiction to paperback westerns.
On a hot, humid morning, B-136, with Beale, a first officer whose name I don’t remember, a big load of ammo, and PDOs Art Jukkala, Russ Kapitz, and two Thai army trainees, left Takhli and headed north. Once the load was ready for delivery, the guys in the back sacked out. Onboard, even when you are in a deep sleep, one sound will bring you right out of it: a change in engine power settings. Jukkala got up and went forward, looked over Beale’s shoulder, and saw a ridge coming—a ridge that the airplane would not clear, and there were spur ridges on both sides that prevented a turn out of trouble. B-136 was in a box.
Jukkala woke up everybody and had them strap in. Then he belted himself in, listened to the power go up as far as it would go, and waited for the crash. It didn’t come, and finally he got up and went forward again. Over Beale’s shoulder he saw B-136 just barely scrape over that first ridge—and come face to face with another one that was higher still. By now, there was nothing to do but stand there and watch.
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Against the languor of the Independence Day weekend, a tiny bit of media attention has managed to focus itself on a new paper by Martin Bojowald. (The paper doesn’t seem to be on the arxiv yet, but is apparently closely related to this one.) It’s about the sexy topic of “What happened before the Big Bang?” Bojowald uses some ideas from loop quantum gravity to try to resolve the initial singularity and follow the quantum state of the universe past the Bang back into a pre-existing universe.
You already know what I think about such ideas, but let me just focus in on one big problem with all such approaches (which I’ve already alluded to in a comment at Bad Astronomy, although I kind of garbled it). If you try to invent a cosmology in which you straightforwardly replace the singular Big Bang by a smooth Big Bounce continuation into a previous spacetime, you have one of two choices: either the entropy continues to decrease as we travel backwards in time through the Bang, or it changes direction and begins to increase. Sadly, neither makes any sense.
If you are imagining that the arrow of time is continuous as you travel back through the Bounce, then you are positing a very strange universe indeed on the other side. It’s one in which the infinite past has an extremely tiny entropy, which increases only very slightly as the universe collapses, so that it can come out the other side in our observed low-entropy state. That requires the state at t=-infinity state of the universe to be infinitely finely tuned, for no apparent reason. (The same holds true for the Steinhardt-Turok cyclic universe.)
On the other hand, if you imagine that the arrow of time reverses direction at the Bounce, you’ve moved your extremely-finely-tuned-for-no-good-reason condition to the Bounce itself. In models where the Big Bang is really the beginning of the universe, one could in principle imagine that some unknown law of physics makes the boundary conditions there very special, and explains the low entropy (a possibility that Roger Penrose, for example, has taken seriously). But if it’s not a boundary, why are the conditions there so special?
Someday we’ll understand how the Big Bang singularity is resolved in quantum gravity. But the real world is going to be more complicated (and more interesting) than these simple models.
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Art In History Art Blog
A few years ago I did a small piece under this same title, comparing two landscape paintings which treated the viewer very differently, one inviting him in, the second deliberately blocking his way. As a follow up to my recent posts on landscape painting, I thought that I should say more on this topic, which involves many of the most powerful tools available to the landscape painter.
The most compelling aspect of a landscape painting is its ability to draw the viewer into its world. We will see later that the choice to exclude the viewer is powerful precisely because it frustrates this natural impulse to enter and explore.
The "Cornfield" by Constable is a beautiful example of the magic of invitation, and of many of the most common devices by which it is nurtured. We are drawn into the landscape by many things: by the deep space of the distance, by the path which starts at our feet and leads us in, by the anecdotal incident of the shepherd with his dog stopping for a cool drink, and by the inevitable movement from shadow into light. I'll look in more detail at each of these devices, which became staples of the landscape painter's trade.
The view into deep space is perhaps the first to appear in Western art, since it was common in the fragments of landscape which began to be included in works devoted to other subjects. It is common in Renaissance works in both Italy and the north. Since the figures and the action still take place in the foreground, there is almost the sense of the pull of deep space drawing you away from the subject, even while drawing you into the painting. We see this in Piero della Francesca's "Baptism of Christ", and even moreso in Van Eyke's "Madonna with Chancellor Rollin". In the latter, the attraction of deep space and the interest of the detail there are in continual competition with the foreground action...sort of like trying to have a conversation in a wind tunnel.
In landscape paintings proper, the most obvious device was the pathway leading in for the viewer to follow. We can see this in Piero's Baptism in the form of the stream, and in Dutch landscape paintings like Ruisdael's "View of Amsterdam". The potency of the device is to convince the viewer that the painted space is an extension of his own space, and that nothing prevents him from following the path inward.
In Ruisdael's work, as in the Constable, the effectiveness of the path is increased by providing incidents along the way to engage the viewer's attention. In the Constable it is the boy and his dog and the farmer at the gate; in the Ruisdael it is a fisherman near the bridge you must cross, and other travellers on the road into town. We experience them as we would incidents on a walk in the country, moments which bring the journey into relief.
A slightly different device is the surrogate: the figure in the foreground who is looking at the landscape, and thus becomes you, or your companion. This seems to work best with landscapes which we cannot enter, where we must be observers, such as a panorama. Asher Durand's "Kindred spirits" is an excellent example of this, as we join the artist and the poet in their admiration of the scene.
Perhaps the most powerful device, developed in the Baroque by artists like Claude Lorrain, is the movement from darkness into light. As an example I am showing another Constable, one of his many views of Salisbury Cathedral. By placing the foreground in shadow and allowing us a view into a bright distance, he draws our soul or spirit out of darkness and into light. It is an irresistible pull, rooted in our psyche, and it seems to satisfy some universal longing.
In another landscape by Ruisdael, we see a darker use of the same device. Ruisdael favored stormy somewhat inhospitable landscapes, more in the sublime tradition than the pastoral, and in most of his works he was not in the business of making us comfortable. There is indeed deep shadow in the foreground, but it almost swallows up the background as well. The spot of sunlight in the distance seems to mock us more than to invite us; by the time we reach it it will be gone.
Because of this powerful urge to enter a landscape, the artist can make an equally powerful statement by deliberate exclusion. I am going to show just one example, the "House of the Hanged Man" by Cezanne. Cezanne was concerned with the competition between the description of solid form in space and the reality of the paint on a flat surface, and in this work he dramatizes this conflict by an apparent invitation which is then withdrawn. There seems to be a path from our feet into the cleft of space between the two houses, but when we try to proceed, we run into a wall of paint. The promise of space is an illusion...as of course is any such promise on a flat surface. With Cezanne, you can never forget the paint on the surface.
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New threats from spider mites add to the importance of early insect control if cotton is expected to make a good stand, then progress with vigor during the “First 40 Days.”
Recognizing the importance of insect control and other production factors in cotton's initial month and a half of growth, the “First 40 Days” project was started in 2005 by some 60 cotton agronomists, entomologists, plant physiologists, plant pathologists and other cotton experts. They've spent the past two years identifying the Best Management Practices (BMPs) for that crucial first chapter of a cotton plant's life.
Tom Barber, Extension cotton specialist at Mississippi State University (MSU), points out that thrips and sometimes aphids have long been major early pests for growers, adding that good control has usually been provided through either insecticide-treated seed or in-furrow insecticide applications at planting.
But spider mites are showing up in many southern cotton fields. Barber and others say mites can be an “induced pest,” due to increased early use of broad-spectrum insecticides, particularly in reduced-tillage fields. Some believe problems with mites can be lowered where an in-furrow insecticide such as Temik is used.
Angus Catchot, MSU Extension entomologist, notes that an in-furrow application of Temik can reduce spider mite numbers, but under heavy pressure foliar applications of an acaricide may still be necessary to control high populations.
Research has also shown that an additional sidedress application of Temik either following an in-furrow application or even behind a seed treatment can lower mite numbers as well. He notes that the ease of application at planting and safety concerns have seen many growers switch to treated seed for early insect control. “Whether you're using a seed treatment or an in-furrow insecticide, the goal is to cut early season insect stress on the plant,” says Catchot.
“Things that happen early are generally magnified later in the season, so it's critical to get the crop off to a good start to maximize the chances of an early uniform crop later,” he says.
Barber and Catchot were among those who helped develop the First 40 Days BMP recommendations, which were discussed as part of the 2007 Beltwide Cotton Conference in New Orleans, LA, in January. Here are some of the insect control guidelines outlined by the group:
Evaluate systemic inputs based upon the range of pests controlled, including nematodes, mites and thrips. Ideally, the at-planting systemic pest control input would control thrips, fleahoppers and other arthropod pests throughout the first 40 days.
Avoid “convenience application” programs with “automatic” oversprays for thrips and plant bug control. These can create pest problems, including cotton aphids and mites as the season progresses. Avoid insecticides co-applied with glyphosate as a convenience.
Growers are encouraged to avoid unnecessary applications when thrip, fleahopper and tarnished plant bug numbers and damage ratings are below thresholds. Eliminate host plants and breeding sites with preplant weed control and seedbed preparation, as well as weed management around field perimeters.
Keep seedbeds free of all green plant tissue for at least three weeks prior to planting. Recognize the residual limitations of insecticides.
Scout and treat as needed, according to Extension threshold guidelines.
The length of control of various at-planting insecticides ranges from a low of 14 days after planting with certain seed treatments up to five weeks after planting with an in-furrow granular.
For further information, go to www.cottonexperts.com.
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March 9, 2012
Classic car restoration is a fun hobby for those with both an interest in cars as well as their history. There are many different time periods from which restored cars come from, and each hobbyist has their own favorite decade or even single year where their favorite car was produced.
Certain types, models, and makes of vehicles interest some enthusiasts over others. Some may like wagons, others may have an eye for more sporty designs. It all depends on the taste of the hobbyist. Certain shops will also specialize in restoring some types of cars over others.
One of the most common types of classic car that is restored is an American muscle car. Even in Europe, there are many automotive enthusiasts who have taken a liking to these unique offerings by American makes, and are willing to pay to have them imported into their home country. Some are even converted to right-hand drive in order to make them more popular on European roads.
Some of the best examples of these types of cars are located overseas. Restoration work on these cars often has to deal with tuning the engine and getting rid of rot, as the engine saw a lot of use back when it was new, and possibly sat for awhile. Decals and paint customization are also popular options with these types of cars.
Some shops offer custom work as well as restoring the vehicle. This can include a new engine, interior, or even a body kit or style that is vastly different from the original car. This can often cost more in the long run, but is a great way to set apart a common vehicle from something unique and different in appearance.
Exotic car restoration can be difficult for those who are not experienced, as the lesser numbers of cars made or in existence means that there are fewer experts and parts out in the field to help. Exotic projects often take a lot more time than those of a more domestic nature. The expense required for these types of vehicles mean that many exotics languish until they are beyond repair, or are restored to beyond their original glory.
As each vehicle is different, the part may need to have a custom fitting that requires more time and energy on the part of the laborer. Once parts have been configured and installed, the vehicle comes out looking good as new, and running like it as well, which is an important factor for those looking to restore a classic vehicle.
January 21, 2012
Most of you might be knowledgeable about pontoon boats. If you are not; this is a boat that looks like a sizable floating platform. The pontoon boat seats are an important part of the boat because these boats are sorted by way of a huge seating area. Therefore, there’s a lot of space to customize and place different types of pontoon boat seats within the seating area. Pontoon enthusiasts likewise use different types of pontoon boat s
eat covers to enhance the décor of the pontoons.
Whenever one goes to obtain such pontoon boat seats, he has to bear in mind specific factors. Included in this are the number of individuals he wishes to dress in board. Therefore, it’s possible to have the 20 foot pontoons that are deemed safe and even dependable for seating approximately ten individuals comfortably. These safety regulations happen to be pre-defined from the ABA.
Another factor one has to bear in mind, although acquiring the pontoon boat seats, will be the kind of the seats. Included in this are swivel seats that are perfect for fishermen, or folding seats, helm seats, bench seats and even captain’s chairs. The kinds of seats also vary according to the scale like 28” to 55” etc. It’s possible to even have corner pontoon seats, lounge ends, flip flop seats, bucket seats and so on. You can also buy pontoon boat seats having storage space beneath them.
Numerous best dealers of pontoon seats use strong vinyl seat covers, thick padding and powerful durable threading for stitching the covers. In addition they give an option of soppy as well as dense foam for clients requiring assistance and comfort. Naturally, because these seats are continuously put through the elements, damage will occur over time. At this point, owners can decided to restore and even fix the existing seats or opt for purchasing brand new ones.
Owners of pontoons trying to spend less may also opt to purchase utilized pontoon boat seats. Naturally, they have to practice due diligence and look at the utilized items for damage, particularly about the seams and even edges. Owners also needs to take care of their present boat seats cover up and make use of advised cleaning agents and even polishing or maybe conditioning creams. The vinyl seat covers needs to be cleaned utilizing mild dish soap and tepid to warm water. For really dirty covers, owners are advised to make use of spot removers; soak the top’s in soap solution for 10 mins and make use of gentle bristle brush to scrub. It’s possible to even obtain advised cleaning products about the sites which deal with the selling of the pontoon seats cover up.
January 7, 2012
Believe it or not, you can turn to the internet for purchasing a classic auto. The only question is, where do you go?
Buying from a classic trader doesn’t have to be stressful or time consuming task. You’ll have a much broader selection of autos and sellers to choose from. You may carry out the purchase and other parts of the transaction in person, but you can do most of your research online.
Here’s where you can find some great places to buy classic cars online.
Classic car directories are a good starting point. They will have tons of various resources listed for enthusiasts and hobbyists. The section you will want to check out specifically is the listed sellers.
The sites listed aren’t guaranteed to be credible just because they are linked to in these sites. This is why it makes for a good starting point before narrowing down your vintage car search. Also, directories are often very old which means any seller who has been active for a while should be listed in every established or popular car directory.
You might already be a member of some classic auto clubs which will give you good insight into finding a seller. However, these clubs often have their sites online as well. These are great people to contact in your search of your desired automobile.
Just sending a quick email or calling some of these people can quickly put you on the right path to your dream ride.
Auctions are a very popular way to sell old luxury cars. They require a bit more involvement, but they can be enjoyable and invigorating for buyers. If you don’t mind the competition, then you might want to consider jumping online and finding an auction house near you.
Brokers might be the best option because of their trustworthiness and the stability that comes with purchasing from them. They are experts in their field and while their interest is in turning a profit (like everyone else) they have both the buyer and seller’s best interest in mind.
Make sure to analyze the integrity and apparent honesty of any broker before moving forward. You might even be able to find a vintage auto broker with a quick search online.
A few things to look for when buying from a broker online are:
- Complete Contact Info
- Lots of Pictures
- Clean Design
If you choose a broker with all of these qualities you should have no problem. In fact, you could have that prized auto in your driveway sooner than you even think!
Start Your Search Online
Regardless of if you plan on completing and carrying out your purchase entirely online, you will definitely want to start your search on the internet. It might be a good idea to see the car in person before getting it or buying. However, the majority of your search and even the entire transaction can take place safely and worry-free on the internet.
Buying a vintage automobile can be a stressful ordeal, so you’ll definitely want to take your time and weigh all your options. Buying online gives you the opportunity to perform an analysis at your own pace and really get into the details.
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I have so much to learn.
And I’m always open to suggestions on how I can do a better job, or what would have helped students more.
I will never be the one to think that I know it all --- but I admit, in my desire to give students options to choose from, sometimes it makes it harder for them TO choose---
Smith Mountain Morning is a very involved class. It’s specialty-ruler-heavy ---Easy Angle, Companion Angle, Tri-Recs --- and the way the pattern is written in the book, you find out in one paragraph on the first page that I used these rulers and 3 1/2” strips and 2” strips to do the units in the quilt. But the book also gives “regular” rotary cutting directions for those who don’t have access to these rulers.
The class supply list doesn’t say to cut out the whole quilt ahead of time –and I have edited the supply list to say that there is SOME cutting that can be done ahead of time for those who want to cut --- they can come with 3 1/2” strips of blue and brown and neutral, and some 2” strips of blue and brown ---but that this is a 6 hour class, and that should be enough to get them started and keep them busy for a while. They can bring fat quarters and other yardage to cut into as time allows.
My biggest fear is that someone will spend hours cutting their valuable fabric ---only to find that if they had waited for the demo they would have done it better, done it differently if they had seen the demo first.
And there-in lies my quandary. How much cutting is enough? How do I give folks options without it being too much information?
Do I put a warning on the class supply list --- Do not cut triangles first unless you have experience using these? I don’t want someone cutting with the stitching line as their cutting line as has happened in the past and have all of their triangles too small.
I don’t want someone cutting all the regular rotary cut measurements – piles of 3-7/8” squares --- only to find that if they had waited, and tried the ruler method that they could have used 3 1/2” strips and been happier with the technique and the results.
How can I be a better teacher allowing people to think things through for themselves and choose the best option that works for them? This is something I worry about all the time.
There are evaluation sheets given to the students, filled out at the end of class in triplicate, and I receive my copy of each evaluation at the end of class. Of course, they are anonymous – and they can all be wonderful and praiseworthy and make me feel really good until I get to the ONE that says “Should have had better pre-cutting directions”.
But there are reasons why I didn’t?
So this is a thoughtful post this morning ----I realize that I have a long way to go to being the confident teacher that I would love to be ---
But at the same time I do believe I gave it my all – and we had a wonderful time and the quilts that are coming out of this class are going to be so great!
Today! MYSTERY CLASS!! So guess what?! There won’t be a lot of pictures because this one is appearing in Quiltmaker Magazine in the fall ---
We will still wave at you – there just won’t be a slide show to go with it ;c)
Have a super Saturday everyone!
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Do Boobs Cause Earthquakes?
Transcript after the jump!
Apologies for the lack of updates recently, but things have been pretty hectic here. I was supposed to be in the US this week but a volcano got in the way. Perhaps you’ve heard of it. Giant cloud of ash over the UK and much of Europe? Yeah.
But that’s not the only geological news. Just the other day, an Iranian cleric declared that boobs cause earthquakes. Well, his actual words were
“Many women who do not dress modestly … lead young men astray, corrupt their chastity and spread adultery in society, which increases earthquakes,”
You see, Iran is one of the most earthquake-prone countries in the world, mostly because it’s riddled with fault lines that cover 90% of the country. At least, that’s that scientists want you to believe; it’s what they’ve come up with using their “scientific method” of inquiry and understanding of plate tectonics. But of course, this cleric says otherwise.
He says, “What can we do to avoid being buried under the rubble?”
Well there are actually a few of answers to that.
1. You could move away from the fault lines
2. You could use earthquake-proof building techniques
3. You could hide under a table when the earthquake starts.
But according to the cleric, the fourth option is to wear a jacket to hide your terrible terrible boobs.
Jen, a blogger at blaghag.com, made the suggestion that we attempt to prove the cleric wrong by creating what she calls a boobquake. This Monday, she wants a bunch of women to dress immodestly in order to prove the cleric wrong.
There are three reasons why I don’t think this is a good idea.
Number 1: Many of us have been dressing like sluts for years with nary an earthquake. What I think the cleric is actually referring to is women in Iran causing the earthquakes in Iran, so what you’d really need to do is convince the most conservative Iranian women to take it all off.
Number 2 is that Iran has so many earthquakes anyway that it’s likely that they’re going to have one soon. So, there’s a very good chance that you’ll show your tits and then an earthquake will happen and then, the cleric’s right.
Number three though is I think the most crucial, which is that we can’t dismiss the theory that this cleric is really just a giant pervert. It’s brilliant actually, all he does is say that boobs cause earthquakes and he sits back and waits for feminists and activists to step up and strip down for science. You know he’s just waiting by his computer refreshing Google Reader waiting for the ladies to present him with some easy, free amateur porn.
What I think we should do is offer an equally likely theory to oppose the cleric’s theory. I think for instance that it’s actually male nudity that causes seismic activity. Consider for instance the recent volcano in Iceland.
I think Western Europe has fared pretty poorly from this ash cloud and everything, so I took a look at exactly what might have happened culturally to provoke God’s wrath and blanket Western Europe in an ash cloud. And the answer was immediately obvious. Just a few short weeks ago, Doctor Who premiered here in the UK. In that premiere episode, Matt Smith got naked on camera.
It’s very easy to prove me wrong here. Get Matt Smith naked on television for the next several weeks, and if flights are still not taking off in London then I’m correct. If the ash disperses and flights return to normal, my theory doesn’t hold up and I accept that. Either way, we all win.
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Federalism is one of the bedrock principles of American governance. I wonder how many Congressman really understood how the health-care reform plan passed by Congress on Sunday really was a direct challenge to Federalism.
Federalism is the governing principle by which the national government has certain rights and responsibilities and state governments have independent rights and responsibilities. The two governments are not subservient to the other; they act as independent governments and sovereign to themselves. They are also not "partners".
Federalism was so important, the Bill of Rights--a nonnegotiable set of Amendments added to the Constitution in order for it to be passed--included the 10th Amendement which says that any rights and duties not given to the Federal government in the U.S. Constitution are reserved for state government.
The health-care reform plan, according to the White House summary, undermines the core governing principle of Federalism in several ways, not the least of which is treating states as if they are, at best, junior partners with the Federal government, or, at worst, little more than wards of the Federal government. The health-care reform legislation will mandate that states provide certain levels of benefits to medicaid patients, force them to expand Medicad eligbility, require them to create and regulate insurance exchanges for low-income households, require them to "monitor and remediate high-risk billing activity" for prescription drugs, require state insurance "authorities to conduct annual rate reviews, backed by the oversight of the [U.S. Department of Health and Human Services] Secretary."
States already recieve 40 percent of their Medicaid funding from the federal government. So this reform is simply reinforcing a broader trend toward a unitary system of government, with the national government setting goals and objectives and lower levels of government carrying them out.
Unfortunately, this is really all part of a progressive vision to change the way America governs itself. The U.S. Constitution, by dividing power to protect liberty, is an antiquated governing system that gets in the way of doing what's right--like federalize health care. The priority of government is implementing goals hashed out in the national legislature.
Some states, most notably Viriginia, are taking this challenge head on. The state passed legislation prohibiting the federal government from mandating that Viriginia citizens buy health insurance. I hope they are successful, nothing less than the continued viability of American Federalism depends on it.
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Norwood firefighters helped in a way that didn’t involve putting out a fire.
The Norwood Firefighters Association charity purchased and installed a wheelchair ramp for a 7-year-old Norwood girl.
About 10 firefighters volunteered their time to install the ramp at a home on Wesley Avenue.
The metal ramp was purchased with help from donors and fundraising.
More information about the charity can be found on their website.
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Topeka is home to several outdoor murals, all of which are open to the public and viewable year-round.
Aaron Douglas Mural
Outdoor mural to celebrate the life of famous Harlem Renaissance artist, Aaron Douglas.
Constitutional Hall Mural
Topeka's first building is the historic Free State Capitol on the Kansas Territory. A mural now appears in its place.
The Great Wall of Topeka Mural
A community based and driven mural arts initiative of the City of Topeka and area neighborhoods.
Washburn Sculptures Campus Art
Washburn University campus features a variety of artistic expressions and demonstrates the university's continued commitment to the aesthetic and cultural enhancement of the campus.
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Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Print version ISSN 0042-9686
MINDELL, Jennifer et al. Improving the use of evidence in health impact assessment. Bull World Health Organ [online]. 2010, vol.88, n.7, pp. 543-550. ISSN 0042-9686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0042-96862010000700014.
OBJECTIVE: Health impact assessment (HIA) has been proposed as one mechanism that can inform decision-making by public policy-makers. However, HIA methodology has been criticized for a lack of rigour in its use of evidence. The aim of this work was to formulate, develop and test a practical guide to reviewing publicly available evidence for use in HIA. The term evidence includes all scientific assessments, whether research studies in peer-reviewed journals or previous HIAs. METHODS: The formulation and development of the guide involved substantial background research, qualitative research with the target audience, substantial consultations with potential users and other stakeholders, a pilot study to explore content, format and usability, and peer review. Finally, the guide was tested in practice by invited volunteers who used it to appraise existing HIA evidence reviews. FINDINGS: During development, a wealth of data was generated on how the guide might be applied in practice, on terminology, on ensuring clarity of the text and on additional resources needed. The final guide provides advice on reviewing quantitative and qualitative research in plain language and is suitable for those working in public health but who may not have experience in reviewing evidence. During testing, it enabled users to discriminate between satisfactory and unsatisfactory evidence reviews. By late 2009, 1700 printed and 2500 downloaded copies of the guide had been distributed. CONCLUSION: Substantive and iterative consultation, though time-consuming, was pivotal to producing a simple, systematic and accessible guide to reviewing publicly available research evidence for use in HIA.
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"The Michigan Citizen" appears to be an National Newspapers Publisher's Association syndicate. Thus this article appears in the September 14th edition of "The Final Call" - a soft-syndicate of the NNPA propaganda articles as I have noted previously.
Slaves To Debt? Worries About Borrowing and Detroit Public Schools
According to an article by their writer Diane Bukowski - The $523.8 million in debt owed by the Detroit Public School system to "Back of New York Mellon" is money owed to a "slave bank".
This is in reference to Alexander Hamilton - a "founding father" of the USA. According to Hamilton's Wikipedia page while there is only indirect proof that Hamilton owned enslaved Africans - he made several affirmative steps showing his opposition to slavery and the equality of Africans as human beings.
- Hamilton argued that blacks' natural faculties were as good as those of free whites, and he answered objections by citing Frederick the Great and others as praising stupidity in soldiers
- Hamilton later attacked his political opponents as demanding freedom for themselves and refusing to allow it to blacks
- Hamilton was president of the New York Manumission Society
- He supported Toussaint L'Ouverture in Haiti if for no other reason than to oppose France
But this issue is not about Alexander Hamilton, regardless of how much Ms Bukowski attempts to make it so. The only "dead presidents & treasury secretaries" that are relevant here are the one's that are lacking in Detroit. It is the functional insolvency of the city of Detroit as a going concern that made them desperate for money and thus agreeing to the funds from the bank.
I must challenge Ms Bukowski, asking her - "Why didn't you bring these 'slavery facts' about "The Bank Of New York" up BEFORE the official of Detroit with the legal authority to sign the loan agreement for the cash did so?
In the remainder of the article Ms Bukowski does the core progressive tactic of PUTTING THE ADVERSARY ON TRIAL - detailing how "The Bank Of New York Mellon" is the fund manager of the government's "TARP program". It has been accused of "money laundering" $7B in funds from a Russian bank.
Again - where was this character background check before the first round of $210M to bail out Detroit schools?
The De-incorporation of an Entity
The real issue that Ms Bukowski doesn't want to deal with is the core question of "Is the city of Detroit still a viable financial concern?"
American cities were all once "unincorporated lands". Community organizers who believed that the land incorporated as a city upon receiving a state charter could afford the people a higher standard of living if they were provided with the franchise right to collect taxes locally to fund the key civic services for the people.
If the state is charged with measuring the competency of this entity to fend for itself prior to granting a charter then there must be some process for the revocation of the charter when the entities' abilities fall below a certain threshold.
If a corporation can reach a point of insolvency and is thus dissolved after failing to remain a viable concern - so to must it be the case for an incorporated municipality.
The truth is that every STATE has the legal obligation to provide educational services - per the articulation in their state constitutions. The city was franchised to provide these functions on behalf of the state when the charter was provided. If the state becomes a mere funnel of money while the individuals that provide over the local insolvency face no consequences for their actions - the local governments around our country degrade into mere state/federal money collection and redistribution nodes.
The danger in this is that they will switch their consciousness away from the tough economic choices that are involved in the responsible management of an entity over to agents of activism and lobbying. The people's SOCIAL JUSTICE RIGHTS providing the justification for all funding while shielding them from scrutiny for their incompetency and/or the inability of the economic activities within to sustain the city.
It seems to me that Detroit resides as it does today because there is more ACTIVISM than there is COMPETENT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT toward productive ends..
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WASHINGTON (AP) — The Air Force is blocking computer access to the New York Times and other media sites that published sensitive diplomatic documents released by the Internet site WikiLeaks, a spokeswoman said Tuesday.
Air ForceMaj. Toni Tones said more than 25 websites have been blocked and cannot be viewed by any Air Force computer. The ban — aimed at preventing the viewing of classified information — does not apply to personal computers.
She said the action was taken by the 24th Air Force, which is commanded by Maj. Gen. Richard Webber and is responsible for cyberwarfare and computer security for the service. The move was approved by Air Force lawyers, she said.
The Army and Navy say they have not taken similar actions.
“If a site has republished the documents, then we block it,” she said, adding that the move to prevent access to the media sites was done recently. She said she was not sure of the date.
Maj. Tones said that the 24th Air Force routinely blocks network access to websites that host inappropriate material, including classified information such as that released by WikiLeaks. Any computer on the Air Force network is now unable to link to the sites.
WikiLeaks released more than a quarter million sensitive State Department cables in late November.
The White House on Dec. 3 formally reminded all federal employees and government contractors that anyone without a security clearance is not permitted to read classified documents, such as the diplomatic messages published by WikiLeaks, even on a personal computer at home outside work hours.
It was not immediately clear how the U.S. government would enforce this, but the White House said employees who inadvertently viewed the information should contact their U.S. security offices at work. The notice by the White House Office of Management and Budget said publication of the files by WikiLeaks “has resulted in damage to our national security.”
The New York Times Co. issued a statement in response to the action Tuesday, saying “it is unfortunate that the U.S. Air Force has chosen not to allow its personnel access to information that virtually everyone else in the world can access.”
Independent voices from the TWT Communities
Entertainment News and Reviews from Washington, D.C. and beyond.
A carefully guided tour through the confusing world of modern bookselling and publishing.
Empowering mind/body/spirit and health dialogue along with cutting-edge, conscious social, political, and world commentary with Adam Omkara. Join the Evolution!
A politically conservative and morally liberal Hebrew alpha male hunts left-wing viper
World's Ugliest Dog Contest
Spelling Bee finale
Marines train Afghan soldiers
Rolling Thunder 2013
Benghazi: The anatomy of a scandal
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Louis Fabri, Pioneer of the Fabri Family of Yerington, Lyon Co. NV
Submitted by: Pat Fabri
The ancestors of the Fabris of Yerington came from Lammari, Italy, a small village in the Tuscany region located outside the surrounding walls of Lucca, birthplace to the famous classical composer Giacomo Puccini and famous for its Romanesque churches and Lucchese cuisine.
Louis grandfather, Louigi, was born in Lammari about 1840. He married Marianna Guirlani about 1860. They had one son, Pietro born in 1861, and five daughters: Ursula, Maria, and three female triplets. Ursula married a Gregorio Donati; Maria married a widower; one of the triples became a nursing nun and the other two joined the Carmelite Order. The date of death for Louigi and Marianna is unknown.
Pietro inherited the family property and the obligation of providing a dowry for his sisters. He was also obligated to proved all clothing, blankets, bed linens and food for the two Carmelite nuns. With no other source of income, he was forced to liquidate some of his inherited property to meet the imposed obligations.
In 1882, Pietro married Annunziata Isola, daughter of Givacchino and Elvira (Celloni) Isola. Annunziata was born on April 29, 1863 in Castel Vecchio, Italy. Annunziata and Pietro had four sons and two daughters all born in Lammari, Italy. Giovanni Giuseppe Louigi (Louis) Fabbri was born on August 6, 1882 and sister Marianna in 1884.
After the birth of Marianna, Pietro found it hard to support his family and decided to join his father-in-law, Givacchino Isola, who was cooking in a mining camp in Montana (USA). The cold Montana weather brought on an attack of rheumatoid arthritis so Pietro decided to move to Dayton, Nevada, where climate conditions were more favorable. The change did not prove helpful and after trying to work as a ranch hand, he decided to return to Italy.
Friends loaned him money for his return trip but he signed promissory notes pledging his property in Italy as security. After his return to Italy in 1891, the following children were born: Amos on June 24, 1893, Elvira on October 6, 1895, Guy (Guido) on February 12, 1898 and Carlo Enrico on October 7, 1900. Pietro died in 1902, when his youngest son was two years old. Annunziata Nonina was forced to sell most of the remaining property to pay off the notes held by the men who had financed Pietros return to Italy. She had to work very hard on what was left of the property to support her remaining children. Daughter Marianna died of spinal meningitis in 1905 at age 21.
In February of 1897, before his fathers death, a 15-year-old Louis left Italy for the U.S. Traveling by train and unable to speak English, every time a food vendor boarded the train he would point to the food basket and for 5 cents received a cut of pie. Seven days later, and full of pie, he arrived in Reno, NV. He proceeded to Dayton, NV, where his father had worked before returning to Italy. He received the old country treatment of board and room and English lessons for a good days work. As was customary, he sent what money he could spare back to his mother in Italy to help her take care of the remaining family. In February 1908, tiring of ranching in Dayton, Louis passed along the Walker River west of Yerington on his way to the Pine Groves mine. Pine Grove was a large mining town with several boarding houses, a school and many homes. Many of the people who worked in the mine and their families settled in Yerington or on ranches in the valley after the mining boom was over. He was befriended by an Italian family but was too young for a job in the cyanide mill or mine, so he moved on to the Grulli ranch later owned by Harry Lewis. That fall, Miss Green, who later became Mrs. Lewis, was teaching at the Nine Mile School and in order to keep it going needed another student. Giving Louis a scholarship solved the problem. For room and board, and $15 a month, he was able to attend school.
He also had to milk five cows morning and night, and he lasted about five days before deciding to return to the Grullis. About this time, P.J. Paddy Conway was hiring men to handle his big team freighting outfits and Louis soon graduated from roustabout to a skinner of a 12-horse team. He first drove a team from Hawthorne to Bodie and later was on the Sodaville to Tonapah route. He saved $1500 and leased the Barney Reymers ranch where it took him three years to go broke. Little irrigation and hay at costing $2.25 a ton (when feed and spuds were at $12 a ton in Wabuska) was the cause; not the 18 hours a day in hard work. He claimed that credit with J.C. Gallagher and Segal kept him going that long. In 1907, he mined at the Nevada Douglas for $2 a day and board and quit when John Benassi took him in as a working partner in the Silver Palace Saloon in Yerington. With a boom in mining in the area, the business prospered.
In 1908, Louis returned to Italy to visit his mother and look for a bride. It was there that he met Gemma Masini, one of the prettiest young ladies to later arrive in Yerington as a bride. Gemma was one of seven children born to Cherubino and Antonia (Mennicucci) Masini in Lammari, Italy, on May 8, 1892. When her father was about twenty years old, he was required to serve three years in the Italian army. Gemma recalled that all Italian men were required to wear a mustache because King Victorio Alberto had one. After Gemmas grandfather died, her fathers brother and sister sold their interest in the family grocery store to her father. The store was on one side of a three-story building and their home on the other side. As a young girl, Gemmas mother worked on a farm owned by Gemmas grandfather, later after her parents married, her mother worked as a live in maid and nanny to wealthy families. Gemma missed her mothers absences.
In July of 1908, Louis came to her fathers store for a drink and he noticed Gemma who caught his fancy. He told his cousin that he was interested in meeting her, so the cousin invited Gemma to her house. After a short courtship, Louis proposed and told Gemma that he wanted to take her back to American with him. She was very excited about coming to America, so they were married on September 6, 1908. They left Italy on September 23, 1908 and arrived in New York about October 6th. They caught a train to Reno, Nevada, and were picked up four days later in Obusca by Louis brother, Amos. They traveled to Yerington in a two-horse buggy (Note: Dale Fabri still has the wool buggy blanket they used). Gemma recalled that when she arrived in Nevada, she thought it was ugly and immediately wanted to go back to beautiful Italy (she never did).
Home life in Yerington was not what she expected as they lived for a few years in the back of the Silver Dollar Saloon. It was very noisy and not a place to bring up children to say the least.
On April 15, 1905, Amos (Amadio) age 12, left Lammari, Italy aboard the ship La Savoie in Le Havre, Seine-Inferior, France and Elvira age 17, left Lammari in 1913 aboard the ship La Lorraine in Le Havre, Seinne-Inferior, France to join their brother and his family in Nevada. Amos managed to survive by working at whatever jobs were available. For a while, he drove his brothers food wagon back and forth to Wabuska. Amos married Georgia Cheli of St. Helena, California in 1917. He served in the U.S. Army from 1917 to 1919. He operated a grocery and clothing store in Yerington for many years. He sold the stores in 1946 when he and his wife retired and moved to Reno. Amos died in 1973.
In 1914, Elvira married Melio Maionchi, son of Ellis and Maria (Poli) Miaonchi. Melio was a well-known and prosperous rancher. Three daughters were born to this couple: Loa in 1915, Marie in 1919, and Florence in 1921. Elvira died in 1986.
The following children were born to Louis and Gemma Fabri: Peter Robert Orlando on September 25, 1910, Carol Albert on June 29, 1912, Harry Enrico on December 19, 1913 and Eleanor Vanda on December 12, 1921. Around 1919, much to Gemmas relief, Louis was able to sell his interest in the Saloon.
In 1917, Louis joined in partnership with his brother Amos in a general merchandise store under the firm name of Fabri and Company, Inc. From an October 1927 statement, the following items sold for 1 cent: eggs, peaches, apricots, butter; carnation milk was 2 cents and a broom sold for $1.10. Louis sold his interest in the business to his brother Guy in 1922.
On August 17, 1922, Louis mother Annunziata, age 61, and youngest brother Carlo Enrico, age 22, left Lammari on the ship Presidente Wilson at Naples, Campania, Italy to join the rest of their family in Yerington. After a brief illness, Annunziata died on January 19, 1929. She was 66 years old.
Funeral services were held on Sunday, January 20th at the Catholic Church with Father OConnell officiating; burial was in the Catholic Cemetery. In 1930, Carlo died in Coleville, California.
In February 26, 1926, Louis had purchased the Old Mason Valley Implement Co./Dillon Hardware store which he renamed the Yerington Hardware Co. In 1939, he purchased the corner store from Luce and Sons, which expanded the business to a 65 foot frontage on main street and 60feet deep. In 1945, an addition was added on to the back making the store 110feet deep. The load was getting to heavy, so the Hardware business was sold in October of 1952 to Sam Gardenswartz of Alamosa, CO. Afterwards, sons Peter and Carol devoted all of their time to the furniture business.
Around this time, the Fabris opened a local soda fountain called the EFF-N-BEE to give the local teens something to do after school. They offered candies, ice cream, tobacco, newspapers, and magazines, dancing and home cooked meals. Ice cream sodas sold for 15 cents, bottled soda pop 10 cents, banana splits 25 cents, sandwiches 10-15 cents, hamburgers/cheeseburgers 10-20 cents, 2 donuts & coffee 10 cents and steak was 50 cents.
On Saturday, May 29, 1948, Louis Fabri and sons Peter and Carol celebrated twenty-two years of successful hardware merchandising in Yerington. Starting at one oclock and continuing until six the Fabris assisted by the store employees were at the service of the public in serving a free lunch and refreshments and distributed $500 in merchandise prizes to be given away during the open house hours. In preparing for this celebration, which comes as a climax to a general remodeling of the store and the construction of a large new addition the Yerington Hardware, 1350 copies of their special newspaper edition and extended invitations to the neighboring communities were printed. A special master of ceremonies, Paul Jones, experienced in entertaining crowds at large store openings was engaged for the afternoon. This celebration was the first large one ever undertaken by a Yerington store and undoubtedly brought to Yerington one of the largest crowd of shoppers in the history of the community.
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In 2007, Pork Quality Assurance evolved into Pork Quality Assurace Plus (PQA Plus)to reflect increasing customer and consumer interest in the way food animals are raised. PQA Plus was built as a continuous improvement program. Maintaining its food safety tradition to ensure that U.S. pork products continue to be recognized domestically and internationally as the highest quality and safest available, it also provides information to ensure producers can measure, track and continuously improve animal wellbeing. With PQA Plus, pork producers have another tool to demonstrate that they are socially responsible.
The PQA Plus program achieves its goals through:
- Producer training by a certified PQA Plus advisor which results in the producer receiving PQA Plus certification
- An objective assessment of on-farm animal well-being which, when combined with the education of the producer through PQA Plus certification, results in the farm receiving PQA Plus site status.
- A PQA Plus survey designed to evaluate the implementation of PQA Plus in the industry. Survey results are used to identify opportunities for improvement of the program’s information and delivery.
Youth PQA Plus®
Youth PQA is specifically geared for individuals ages eight to 19 who want to know how to provide the best possible care for their animals as a part of the overall pork chain.
Transport Quality Assurance (TQA) is a program that helps swine transporters, producers and handlers understand how to handle, move and transport pigs and the potential impacts of those actions on pig well-being and/or pork quality. Anyone who handles or transports pigs, or sets protocols for handling pigs, is a potential influencer of animal well-being and pork quality.
National Pork Board may modify, amend or terminate the TQA™, Youth PQA Plus®, PQA Plus® and all other certification programs without notice. Further, the Board in its sole discretion may terminate or condition a participant’s continued eligibility for, participation in, and/or use of any rights, license or benefits under such program(s).
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Vietnam Food - "My Quang" -- Eating
My Quang is a variety of Pho (rice noodle soup), because the noodles are made from rice and soused with soup as serving, which is very similar to rice noodle (Pho) and chicken or pork soup (Hu tieu). The soup sauce, which is added, comes from a mixture of flavor from beef or pork bone, shrimps, crabs, chicken and duck. The noodles are yellow, somewhat distinct from Pho. However, the main reason for having this color is to be in hannony with the colors of shrimps and crabs.
The best My Quang is made from rice in Phu Chiem, shrimp in Cho Dai and spicy vegetables in Tra Que. As a strict selection of substances to prepare, My Quang has been dominant in almost all of culinary markets in the Central provinces and expanded to Ho Chi Minh City with a high qualification of a Quang Ngai’s specialty.
Published on 9/8/10
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Suppose I already have a list of tile that specify which tile the character can move to, and these tiles are clustered around the character. If I want to produce a path (maybe not shortest, but just a short path) to the desired tile, how would I construct it with the given list of tiles? I was going to do an A* algorithm, however, thinking again, it will complicate my coding process. Therefore, is there a better way to find short path for known list of movable tile?
What you are looking for is in the domain of Graph Theory.
Firstly, I would make sure you have a solid understanding of how the depth-first search and breadth-first search work. Knowing how these algorithms, which means being able to work through a graph by hand. I came upon this page, which seemed to fit the bill for learning how the searches work.
From there it is time to move on to Dijkstra's algorithm, which improves on the earlier searches.
Once you have a thorough grasp of Dijkstra's algorithm, you will want to learn what a heuristic is. On that Wikipedia page only the first paragraph is necessary to read, the rest is a bonus.
As an aside: Alpha-beta pruning is mentioned on the heuristic page. AB pruning is an extension on the minimax algorithm. Both of these are a natural move forwards from searches, and the more basic graph theory, starting with minimax (mostly this)
From the basic heuristic, you will want to learn about admissible heuristics. This is the crucial concept, which, when applied to Dijkstra's algorithm, gives us your final answer: the A* search algorithm.
The A* algorithm is quite simple once you have the knowledge background.
Amit's A* : http://theory.stanford.edu/~amitp/GameProgramming/ , a great illustrated intro.
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Six years after she killed her girlfriend with a shotgun blast to the chest, Heather Stone is serving a 30-year to life sentence at the New Hampshire State Prison for Women, where she works in the library.
Stone said she was drunk and on prescription drugs when she murdered Lauralee Perkins in their Dover apartment in July 2006, then altered evidence to try to make it look like self-defense.
"I just snapped," Stone said earlier this month. "I'm paying a big price. I deserve it though."
Stone, 41, described herself as "a loner" who doesn't like having a cellmate and said she was sexually abused by a neighbor at the age of 7.
The women's prison, she said, "could use more counseling."
Her sentiment is echoed in a class action lawsuit against the state of New Hampshire that alleges the constitutional rights of all the state's female inmates are violated daily.
According to the suit, women prisoners in New Hampshire don't receive the same treatment, services, pay and housing as the state's male prisoners. Among the allegations of gender disparity is that the state's male prisoners have access to more mental health services, including a specialized unit for inmates with difficulty in the general population.
In an answer to the suit, and according to a separate report released by the state earlier this month, state officials generally agree. Blame is placed on inadequate infrastructure, staff and money.
Janice Hutt is a former nurse who stole someone's identity and cash, then violated probation. She's also one of four inmate plaintiffs named in the four-count lawsuit against the state alleging violation of constitutional protections and state laws.
Hutt is housed in the women's prison with 21 other female inmates in a single room with double bunks lining the walls. She claims it's "extremely unlikely" she'll ever work as a nurse again, so she'd like vocational training on par with offerings at the men's prison in Concord.
There, male inmates can study culinary arts, furniture making, auto repair, building trades, business education and computer technology, according to the lawsuit. But for Hutt and the other 121 women currently incarcerated by the state, only the business and computer classes are available, their suit alleges.
Susan Weeks is locked in the same cramped room as Hutt — a room that once served as a "day room" until the number of women prisoners exceeded bunks in cells. Incarcerated for burglary, Weeks said "men have more opportunity" in the state prison system than women.
She said she'd prefer to work on heavy machinery, like male inmates can, because she could earn $3 a day instead of the $2 a day she makes.
But according to Department of Corrections spokesman Jeff Lyons, "Limited space prevents us from having large industries operations" at the women's prison. And the large industries operations are what pay the higher wages.
"A new facility would allow us to expand and open to potential new industry contracts," Lyons said.
The female inmates' lawsuit alleges the men's prison in Concord offers inmates access to a full-time special education instructor, on-site college-level education, vocational training and addiction programs for inmates who do not also have mental illness. Female inmates have none of that, they argue in their lawsuit.
"I had to fight to get into a parenting program the men have," Hutt said, while noting male prisoners also have an in-prison camping program that involves their children and is not available to incarcerated women. That program was funded through a federal "fatherhood grant," said Hutt, while uttering a sarcastic, "yeah."
Male inmates also have regular opportunities to "visit" with their children though real-time Skype technology, while the women have access to Skype only twice a month, Hutt said. And male inmates can take college classes with visiting teaching staff, while the women's prison offers only correspondence classes, according to the lawsuit.
Lyons said women inmates can earn high school diplomas and equivalency certificates, but the instructors have to travel from the men's prison, so the women "have to wait for them to come here."
Filed in the Merrimack Superior Court, the female inmates' lawsuit comes 20 years after the state of New Hampshire was ordered to provide incarcerated women conditions and a facility "on parity" with male prisoners, as a result of the federal lawsuit Fiandaca v. Cunningham.
Meanwhile, according to the Department of Corrections' response to the inmates' lawsuit, there's no sense asking for money for programs for incarcerated women unless the state comes up with the money to build a new prison with enough space to conduct the programs.
Lyons said a lack of space also correlates with the fact that women inmates have "less opportunity" to earn the same income for behind-bars jobs.
Inmates can earn money for phone calls, for example, and many of the women's jobs pay $1 and $2 a day, Lyons said. Those jobs include working on a cleaning crew, cutting grass outside the Goffstown prison or shoveling snow, he said.
In Concord, male prisoners can work "industries" jobs in print, wood and plate-making workshops, or by building and upholstering furniture, and making signs, according to the women's lawsuit. Those inmate jobs, Lyons said, pay incarcerated men $3 day.
The women have had limited opportunities to earn $3 a day by painting and drilling wood items that were made at and shipped from the men's prison, he said.
According to the pending lawsuit, filed by attorney Elliott Berry of New Hampshire Legal Assistance, male prison inmates with serious mental illness have access to a "residential treatment unit," while female prisoners do not. And unlike male inmates, women prisoners don't have access to addiction programs, unless it's tied to mental illness, the suit alleges.
Weeks said the families of incarcerated men are allowed to bring pizza and fast food into the men's prison to share with inmate relatives, but the families of female inmates are not. She said men are also allowed to smoke in certain areas of the men's prison in Concord, while women aren't allowed to smoke on the grounds of the Goffstown prison.
Lyons said there's no place to allow women inmates to smoke without impacting non-smoking inmates.
"This is what we get — 22 to a room," Weeks said. "And we should have a minimum security area like men."
Lyons said the 22-inmate room is the prison's minimum-security area. The rest of the women's prison has locking two-bed cells.
According to a state audit by the Office of Legislative Budget Assistant dated Nov. 12: "Not providing equivalent services (for women inmates) puts the state at risk for further legal action and may negatively affect female inmates' rehabilitation."
The report also says the women's prison has insufficient space and staff to provide female inmates with programs and services "on parity" with the state's male prisoners.
The report concludes with a recommendation that the Department of Corrections ask the Legislature to "provide women inmates with services on par with male inmates, as required by court order, before or by the 2014-15 budget cycle."
Lyons said the DOC has already asked three times for $37 million to build a new women's prison. The answer every time, he said, has been no.
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The Mystery of the Gross Gift
by M.J. Cossan
Illustrated by Michael A Aspengngren
Reviewed by Colin G (age 11)
The Mystery of the Gross Gift illustration will appear here.
This story is about five kids. Their names are Abe, Ben, Gabe, Toby and Ty. Gabe accidentally falls in a pool of green goo. He doesn't hurt himself much.
There is a guy in the story who accidentally hits a deer with his car and kills it. He brought it back to his house so it wouldn't rot. He uses the parts of the deer that he could use and the rest goes in the garbage. It becomes the gross gift.
I really liked this book because it was very exciting. My favorite part of the book was when the cat found the gross guts.
Ty, Gabe and Ben were my favorite characters in the book because they were really funny. Ty reminded me of myself because he was really funny and I think I'm pretty funny sometimes, too. I think that the unique thing about the book is that they all find so many mysteries and try to solve them.
I feel that anybody would like to read this series of books because they are fun books to read. I think that these books are very awesome for boys to read, especially boys in grade three. I believe this because I have enjoyed every one of these books about the Kooties Club that I have read.
Colin G is a student in Ms. Myshak's 6th Grade Class
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Report of Col. Jubal A. Early, Commanding Sixth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac
O.R.– SERIES I–VOLUME 2 [S# 2] — CHAPTER IX, pp. 555-558
HDQRS. SIXTH BRIG., FIRST CORPS, ARMY POTOMAC,
August 1, 1861
COLONEL: I submit the following report of the operations of my brigade on the 21st ultimo:
My position on the morning of the 21st was in the pines on the road from Camp Walker to the gate in front of McLean’s farm house, to which place my brigade had been removed on the day before from Blackburn’s Ford, on Bull Run, where it had been since the action on Thursday, the 18th. The portion of the brigade with me consisted of Colonel Kemper’s regiment, Seventh Virginia; Col. Harry T. Hays’ regiment, Seventh Louisiana, and six companies of my own regiment, the Twenty-fourth Virginia.
At an early hour in the morning the enemy’s batteries near Blackburn’s Ford opened fire, and I received an order from General Beauregard through one of his aides to move my brigade to the cover of the pines between McLean’s Ford and the road leading to Blackburn’s Ford, so as to be ready to support either General Longstreet or General Jones, as might be necessary. A short time after taking this position I received a request from General Longstreet to send him a regiment, which request I complied with by sending him the six companies of my own regiment, under Lieutenant-Colonel Hairston, and two companies of Colonel Hays’ regiment, under Major Penn. I proceeded also to General Longstreet’s position at Blackburn’s Ford, and after the companies I had sent him were posted as he desired, I returned to the place where the rest of the brigade was, and in a short time received a further request from General Longstreet to furnish him another regiment, which I complied with by carrying him the residue of Hays’ regiment.
Upon arriving at the ford I found the companies I had before sent had crossed over Bull Run and were in position with General Longstreet’s command, awaiting the signal for an assault on the enemy’s batteries, which were constantly firing in every direction. Hays’ companies were drawn up in double column in rear of the ford, where they remained for some time, when I received an order from General Longstreet to march Hays’ regiment back, and with that and Kemper’s cross McLean’s Ford and attack the enemy’s batteries in the rear. Hays’ regiment was immediately marched back to where Kemper’s regiment was, sustaining during its march a fire of the enemy’s batteries, which was directed by the cloud of dust it raised in marching, and a shell exploded in the ranks, wounding three or four men.
I proceeded with Hays’ and Kemper’s regiments to cross at McLean’s Ford for the purpose of attacking the batteries in the rear, but before the whole of the regiments had crossed, the general’s aide, Colonel Chisolm, arrived with orders requiring me to resume my position. I then sent Kemper’s regiment back to its place in the pines, and marched Hays’ regiment up the run to Blackburn’s Ford. General Longstreet then directed me to carry the regiment back to where Kemper’s was, and after the men were rested a few minutes they were marched down the run by way of the intrenchments which had been occupied by General Jones’ brigade at McLean’s Ford. Upon arriving there I found General Jones had returned with his brigade to the intrenchments, and I was informed by him that General Beauregard had directed that I should join him (General Beauregard) with my brigade.
I immediately proceeded to comply with this order, and sent to General Longstreet for the six companies of my own regiment, and received a reply stating that I could take in lieu thereof the Thirteenth Mississippi Regiment, under Colonel Barksdale, which had been ordered to report to him, and thus save both regiments from the fire of the enemy’s batteries, which they would have to sustain in marching to and from Blackburn’s Ford.
I accepted this proposition, and immediately put the two regiments of my brigade, with Colonel Barksdale’s Thirteenth Mississippi Regiment, which I found in the pines on the road leading from McLean’s farm house toward Mitchell’s Ford, in motion to comply with General Beauregard’s directions, having previously sent Captain Gardner ahead to ascertain where the general was. I marched in rear of Mitchell’s Ford in the direction of the ground on which the battle was being fought, near the stone bridge, and after proceeding some distance was met by Captain Gardner, who informed me he had been unable to find the general, but had ascertained that his headquarters were at Lewis’ house, in the direction of the fighting. I continued to advance through the fields as fast as my men could move, guided by the roar of the cannon and the volleys of musketry, until we reached the neighborhood of the battle-ground, when I sent Captain Gardner again ahead to ascertain, if he could, where the general desired me to go, my brigade being still kept on the march.
Captain Gardner met with Col. John S. Preston, one of the general’s aides, who informed him that the general had gone to the front, and that the order was that all re-enforcements should go to the front. The captain soon returned with this information, and I still continued to advance until I was met by Colonel Preston, who informed me that General Beauregard had gone to where the fighting was on the right, but that General Johnston was just in front, and his directions were that we should proceed to the left, where there was a heavy fire of musketry. I immediately inclined to the left in a direction pointed out by Colonel Preston, and soon met with General Johnston, who directed me to proceed to the extreme left of our line and attack the enemy on their right flank. This direction I complied with, marching in rear of the woods in which General Elzey’s brigade had just taken position, as I afterward ascertained, until we had cleared entirely the woods and got into some fields on the left of our line, where we found Colonel Stuart, with a body of cavalry and some pieces of artillery, belonging, as I understood, to Captain Beckham’s battery.
Here I turned to the front, and a body of the enemy soon appeared in front of my column on the crest of a hill deployed as skirmishers. Colonel Kemper’s regiment, which was in advance, was formed in the open field in front of the enemy under a heavy shower of minie balls, and advanced towards the enemy. Colonel Barksdale’s and Colonel Hays’ regiments were successively formed towards the left, and also advanced, thus outflanking the enemy. At the same time that my brigade advanced the pieces of artillery above mentioned and Stuart’s cavalry moved to our left, so as to command a view of a very large portion of the ground occupied by the enemy. With the advance of my brigade and the cavalry and artillery above mentioned the enemy retired rapidly behind the hill, though the advance of my brigade was delayed a short time by information from one of General Elzey’s aides, who had gone to the top of the hill, that the body of men in front of us and who had fired upon my brigade, was the Thirteenth Virginia Regiment. This turned out to be an entire misapprehension; and in the mean time a considerable body of the enemy appeared to the right of my position, on an extension of the same hill, bearing what I felt confident was the Confederate flag. It was soon, however, discovered to be a regiment of the enemy’s forces, and was dispersed by one or two well-directed fires from our artillery on the left.
As soon as the misapprehension in regard to the character of the troops was corrected, my brigade advanced to the top of the hill that had been occupied by the enemy, and we ascertained that they had retired precipitately, and a large body of them was discovered in the fields in the rear of Dogan’s house, and west of the turnpike. Here Colonel Cocke, with one of his regiments, joined us, and our pieces of artillery were advanced, and fired upon the enemy’s column with considerable effect, causing them to disperse, and we soon discovered that they were in full retreat. My brigade and Colonel Cocke’s command were advanced in a direction so as to pass over the ground that had been occupied by the enemy’s main body, crossing a ravine and the turnpike, and passing to the west of Dogan’s house by Matthews’ house and to the west of Carter’s house. My own brigade advanced as far as Bull Run, to the north of Carter’s house, and one mile above stone bridge, where it bivouacked for the night. Colonel Cocke crossed the river at a ford to the left, and I saw no more of him for that night.
We saw the evidences of the fight all along our march, and unmistakable indications of the overwhelming character of the enemy’s defeat, in the shape of abandoned guns and equipments. It was impossible for me to pursue the enemy farther, as well because I was utterly unacquainted with the crossings of the run and the roads in front, as because most of the men belonging to my brigade had been marching the greater part of the day, and were very much exhausted; but pursuit with infantry would have been unavailing, as the enemy retreated with such rapidity that they could not have been overtaken by any other than mounted troops. On the next day we found a great many articles that the enemy had abandoned in their flight, showing that no expense or trouble had been spared in equipping their army.
The number of men composing my brigade as it went into the action was less than fifteen hundred, but I am unable to give exact returns, as we bivouacked eight or ten miles from our baggage, with which were all the rolls and returns, and the brigade has since been separated and reorganized.
Colonel Kemper’s regiment, embracing less than 400 men at the time, lost in killed 9, wounded 38; Colonel Hays’ regiment lost in killed 3, wounded 20; Colonel Barksdale’s regiment lost in wounded 6; making in killed 12, wounded 64; in all. 76.
Without intending to be invidious, I must say that Colonels Kemper and Hays displayed great coolness and gallantry in front of their regiments while they were being formed under a galling fire from the enemy’s sharpshooters, who, from their appearance, I took to be regular troops. My aide and acting assistant adjutant-general, Capt. Fleming Gardner, rendered me very efficient service during the whole day, and a Lieutenant Willis, who volunteered to act as aide, and did so, was also of great service to me. I have not seen him for several days, and did not learn the particular corps to which he belongs, but I believe he belongs to a company of Rappahannock cavalry.
A company from Rappahannock joined Colonel Kemper’s regiment in the early part of the day, and a South Carolina company joined Colonel Hays’ regiment just after it arrived in front of the enemy.
The companies of my own regiment remained all day, until the retreat of the enemy at Blackburn’s Ford, with General Longstreet, under an annoying fire from the enemy’s batteries, but without sustaining any loss, and afterwards joined in the pursuit, under General Longstreet, towards Centreville.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. A. EARLY,
Colonel, Comdg. Sixth Brig., First Corps, Army of the Potomac
Col. THOMAS JORDAN,
Assistant Adjutant-General, First Corps, Army of the Potomac
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Get flash to fully experience Pearltrees
I was asked if I could go into a bit more detail concerning the Line Design "process". I think the easiest way is with a few more pictures than my previous post on "how to". I hope this helps...and as always...if you ever have questions about anything on my blog...e-mail me at email@example.com The materials you need for this project are good drawing paper(9x12...but could be done any size), Sharpie Marker, and your choice of media(see the bottom of this post for some ideas).
Usually, we admire that the artists can create characters vividly, while this time, we will introduce a different artist who turns living, breathing people into characters in oil painting. That is Alexa Meade . Alexa Meade is a 23-year-old artist based in Washington, DC area. She spent four summers interning on Capitol Hill and in 2008 was a press staffer on the Obama Campaign. She graduated in 2009 from Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, NY with a bachelor’s degree in political science. She never attended art school nor has she ever taken advanced painting courses.
Originally hailing from a small town in Iowa, Adonna Khare was this year’s recipient of the Art Prize 2012 for her amazingly detailed large-scale pencil on paper works. All of Khare’s work evolve naturally without much pre-planning, essentially building her pieces as she continues to work. http://adonnak.com Posted in: Drawings , Featured , Fine Art , Illustration , Illustration & Art Tags: Adonna Khare , art blog , drawings , empty kingdom , Fine Art , graphite , illustration , paper , pencil <p style="text-align:right;color:#A8A8A8"></p>
Alice in wonderland
Photoraphy and sculptures
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It’s only appropriate that a blog about anything Lao begin with Pah Dek. Is there anything more Lao than Pa Dek?
I read about Lao food in Wikipedia and they say lap is The national Lao dish. Ha! Who can afford meat? Lap is more a food for special occasions. Pah dek on the other hand is made from fish, and in Laos there are fish in every piece of water bigger than a puddle, and even in some big puddles. Any fish will do but probably the most common variety is the little pa ka duht which I’ve seen in pet shops back home. What’s more pa dek goes a long way. In my case it could stretch forever.
Grandma Viengkham claims that her pah dek is not just good but the best to be had. Smells like rotten fish to me, but the following is roughly her process.
She buys 5 kilos of fish, and cleans them by gutting and scaling, then she packs them into the pa dek jar with heavily salted water until the fish begins to ferment and give up some juice, usually a couple of weeks. Then she replaces the water with a fresh brine solution, adds the husks from the outside of rice, some peelings from pineapple, a hefty shot of white whiskey, a large handful of hot peppers, and back in the pot it all goes, for at least a year. Longer is better.
The pa dek jar itself is a specialty item, not just any clay pot will do. A pa dek jar has a channel for water all the way around the rim. When an upside down bowl is placed such that it fits down into the channel and water is added to the rim a seal of sorts is formed. Grandma claims it is to keep flies from laying eggs in the pa dek and points to the deceased tiny white maggots in the water. I believe.
While we are on the subject of creepy crawlies, no discussion of pa dek would be complete without a mention of liver flukes. The entire Mekong drainage is said to be contaminated with a tiny parasite that lives part of it’s life in the river snail and part of it’s life in the human liver. We are an alternate host as they say. Fish eat the snails or eat the worm after it leaves the snail and we eat the fish and get the worm. Combine the extra strain on the liver with copious quantities of Beer Lao and you have the makings of a hurtin liver.
The whole problem could be negated if people would just cook the pa dek. Mention something like that and you get a genuine dose of Lao fatalism. “if you’re going to get sick, you’re going to get sick anyway”
The pa dek worm can be killed by cooking but the problem is that not enough people cook all pa dek before eating. Just last Sunday my wife started shouting at sister Bien. “Stop, stop, stop, what are you doing?”. Sister Bien was about to dump a couple of cups of raw pa dek into the cooked lap for flavour.
Pa dek goes in everything. Kind of like a Lao fish sauce, but stronger. I like it in tiny quantities, so that the taste is in the background. The problem comes when it is used so liberally that the smell can drop you in your tracks from 20 paces. You often see it in round rubber tubs being sold at the market, kind of a brownish fish pure. Thankfully at the market there are so many other competing stinks that you have to get pretty close to get a whiff strong enough to set you back on your feet.
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Critics challenge contagious traits study
Scientists find fault in methods
It is a seductively simple idea: human traits, ranging from smoking to loneliness to obesity, are contagious, spreading through social networks like the flu.
When a Harvard professor and a California political scientist made this case in a series of articles published in top academic journals since 2007, their work became front page news and the subject of a popular book, and it quickly disseminated into popular culture.
Dr. Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School made it onto Time magazine’s list of the world’s 100 most influential people, while his collaborator, James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, appeared on “The Colbert Report’’ and “Good Morning America.’’ Then, the backlash began.
In a handful of recent papers, outside scientists critiqued certain methods Christakis and Fowler used to reach their striking conclusions.
The critics point out specific ways in which the researchers’ analyses didn’t adequately rule out reasons other than social contagion that could cause a group to share a trait, including living in a common environment or the tendency for people to choose friends who are similar to them. Are you lonely because you “caught’’ it from a friend in your network? Or is that one of the reasons you became friends?
The debate is a classic example of how science works. In a back-and-forth that can drag out for years, researchers argue the merits of studies at scientific meetings, in letters published in journals, and, increasingly, on blogs. But this case is unusual because the ideas were popularized by the media and the scientists even as specialists challenged the foundations of the findings. The publicity has drawn scholars from mathematics and political science into a debate about public health.
“Probably if Christakis and Fowler had not pushed it quite so forcefully and vigorously, probably not so many people would have responded as vigorously,’’ said Cosma Shalizi, an assistant professor of statistics at Carnegie Mellon University who co-authored one critique of the work.
“It was actually kind of depressing. When we started working on it, I thought what was in the original Christakis-Fowler paper wasn’t quite right and there’d be a small technical fix. I was rather surprised,’’ Shalizi said, when his analysis suggested that using their approach, it was generally not possible to distinguish contagion from homophily - birds of a feather flocking together - without making what he called implausible assumptions about how the network is formed.
Christakis and Fowler are planning to publish a paper to respond to the critics, drafts of which have been made available, and they are actively taking part in a dialogue about how to refine techniques in social network analysis. They point to studies by other researchers that support their conclusions, and argue that the critiques do little more than add uncertainty to their work - akin to a bathroom scale being a pound or two off.
“The main findings are extremely robust, and we stand behind our work,’’ Christakis said in an interview. “Most of us remember using paper maps in our cars just 10 years ago but the precision in mapping has increased tremendously and we now have GPS systems. It doesn’t mean old-fashioned road maps are useless or inaccurate. So to our critics, who say, ‘You’re using maps, not GPS,’ we say, ‘You’re right, but can you give us a GPS system?’ ’’
Christakis and Fowler’s work suggested that health was collective, with traits as disparate as obesity and alcohol consumption spreading from person to person like an infectious disease. Social contagions seemed to follow a three-degrees-of-influence rule, meaning people’s health behaviors might affect their friends’ friends’ friends - even if they’d never met.
But many scientists interviewed seemed uncertain about how solid the findings are now, given the range of problems that have been brought to light.
“Although no one doubts that contagion is a plausible explanation,’’ Duncan J. Watts, a principal research scientist at
The harshest critique is leveled by Russell Lyons a mathematics professor at Indiana University who earlier this year published a paper titled “The Spread of Evidence-Poor Medicine via Flawed Social-Network Analysis.’’
“There’s no question that people influence each other,’’ Lyons said in an e-mail. “What they claimed is that they measured how much people influence each other. What I say is, no, they did not measure it.’’
A more tempered assessment, published by Harvard School of Public Health epidemiologist Tyler VanderWeele earlier this year, looked at whether contagion reported in four of the studies could be accounted for by other factors. VanderWeele’s analysis found that contagion effects for smoking and obesity were plausible, but that studies showing happiness and loneliness spread like germs could easily be explained away by other factors.
“I certainly think as a first pass at trying to address the question, I think they did reasonably well,’’ VanderWeele said in an interview. “The public health implications of these types of analyses, these ways of thinking, could be fairly important and it’s largely an open question right now. . . . I think it’s important to establish how substantial this [effect] is.’’
Sinan Aral, an assistant professor at New York University’s Stern School of Business who specializes in studying networks, found in a 2009 study that analyzed a different data set, homophily and environmental factors may explain more than half of what may appear to be contagion when using methods similar to those used by Christakis and Fowler.
“Their work does bring to light some interesting correlations. . . . My personal claim is we still have a lot of work to do,’’ Aral said.
Christakis and Fowler have continued research, including performing experiments to try to bolster their earlier work.
To move forward, many scientists said, people will need to start identifying solutions.
“The critiques are right in the fact that some of these tools are not appropriate,’’ said Albert-Laszlo Barabasi, a physics professor at Northeastern University who specializes in network analysis and has collaborated with Christakis. “I would really like to challenge these people - take this data and show us the way to do it right. We all need it.’’
Carolyn Y. Johnson can be reached at email@example.com.
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Wednesday January 2, 2013
Accrediting good intentions
ONLY about 10% of Malaysia’s social workers have been professionally trained, according to a national survey conducted by the Malaysian Association of Social Workers (MASW) in 2005.
“Most of our social workers aren’t professionally trained in the field. Many go by instinct, the religious or moral beliefs they grew up with. They do not have theoretical knowledge, nor do they know about the research or professional methods about social work practice,” says United Nations Children’s Fund (Unicef) project coordinator Elsie Lee.
“We can’t let things go on like this. Social workers face a lot of challenges. We deal with vulnerable groups and need to be trained to handle these cases. Not anyone can do the job which is why we need competency standards to benchmark our service.
When Lee met Dr Pauline Meemeduma at a conference in Kuching, Sarawak in 2004, she seized the opportunity to invite the renowned child protection expert to train Malaysia’s social workers.
Since then, the Australian has been to Malaysia “more times than she can remember” and has gone on to play a crucial role in the country’s Social Worker’s Act (yet to be tabled) as well as the development of the National Social Work Competency Standards.
“One of the things I noticed in Malaysia was that anyone could call themselves a social worker here and this had some negative consequences. Although I was seeing good practice, I was also seeing very unprofessional practice.
“There is a lot of goodwill among the social workers and many who are desperate for professional training ... people who want to make a difference but lack te direction.
“So, I got involved in the development of the competency standards while also conducting child protection training to bring workers up to speed on the new approaches to child protection, particularly how they reason through a practice and arrive at decisions,” relates Meemeduma.
The Social Workers Act, which will require social workers to hold at least a basic degree in social work, is currently in the consultation stages (the committee is briefing the individual state governments on the Act) and MASW is hopeful that it will be implemented this year.
“There was some resistance to the Act initially. Many of our social workers are untrained but have been in the field for many years. They were concerned that once the Act came into place, they would no longer be able to practice. But our aim is not to edge anyone out.
“We will, of course, consider their years of experience as well as their work and figure out how to bring them into the service.
“But at the very least, they will have to go through a diploma course,” says MASW president Teoh Ai Hua.
At present, five Malaysian universities offer first degree programs in social work. MASW is in discussion with several private colleges on establishing accredited diploma level programmes within the year.
Train to change
In Malaysia, social workers aren’t generally perceived as professionals but rather “people who do volunteer work”. With the mandatory training requirement for social workers, MASW hopes to change public perception by first transforming the practice.
“People think that as long as you have a kind heart, you can be a social worker. But you need much more than a good heart or passion. That is why MASW is such a strong advocate for training. We need to improve the professionalism of our social workers.
“We need to ensure that the public has access to competent service. Only then will they have confidence in social workers and regard the service as a profession,” says Amy Bala, 64, a social worker of close to 40 years.
The former assistant director of the Welfare Department adds that apart from the lack of training, an acute shortage of qualified social workers has prevented the profession from playing its role in society. An on-going survey by MASW reveals the welfare department to be seriously overburdened with their case load.
“Based on our results so far, it is clear that the department can’t cope with the workload. We are talking of a ratio of one officer to 300 cases or so. Sometimes, they don’t even have time to see the client or to follow through. They just don’t have enough people. Competency is one issue, but capacity is another,” says Amy, who is presently the MASW treasurer.
Another area of concern, particularly for non-governmental organisations that employ the services of social workers, is funding.
“One of the points brought up by NGOs in relation to the competency standards was funding. How will they afford to not only send their workers for training but also pay graduate-level salaries for professional social workers once the Act comes into play,” says Teoh.
The process of change will take time, he acquiesces. But the introduction of competency standards and the implementation of the Social Workers Act is a good a place as any to start.
“It will take years. But at least we have a structure in place for the development of the profession and its services,” he says.
Championing the children
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at California University of Pennsylvania
Implementor(s): Kyle Fredrick
First Implementation: 09/01/2011 - Fall 2011 (Semester)
Challenges to using math in this course
California University of Pennsylvania is a comprehensive, 4-year public institution, in southwestern Pennsylvania. The university, located on the shores of the Monongahela River in eastern Washington County, is in the heart of a geological hotbed of activity related to shale gas exploration and environmental challenges. Graduates of the CalU Geology program generally work in the petroleum, natural gas, or coal industries, or regulatory and environmental agencies throughout the region. Quantitative skills are highly valued in a competitive employment marketplace.
The biggest challenge is overcoming students' fear and aversion to math. Most of my students come in unprepared from their high school or early college math and science courses for the introduction of physical principles based on quantitative analysis. Even though my Hydrology course is a 300-level course, it is usually the second or third Earth Science course the students take after Introduction to Geology. The administration could indirectly play a role in challenges to quantitative content simply because of enrollment pressure. In order to maintain high major and course enrollment numbers, there is pressure to make courses more "student-friendly." This makes quantitative-heavy courses, mostly by reputation, unattractive. TMYN provides several implementable ideas to get my students (Geology) and those major students I service (Meteorology, Env. Science) to open up to math much earlier.
Student demographics for the University include mostly local to regional students, within a radius of about 50 miles. There is a large proportion of commuters, which lends itself to a somewhat fragmented and individualistic student population. Socioeconomic status ranges from middle-class to below the poverty line, with a large number of our students coming from poor areas of southwestern PA, and many first-generation students. The region's public school systems are mostly economically challenged, and STEM doesn't seem to be generally encouraged as potential career-developing. The Geology program seems to attract few non-traditional students, being mostly composed of upper-level students that have changed their major from something else. It is not a culturally diverse group of students, so there is quite a bit of empathy between students and especially from upper-division students to younger ones. Specific to mathematics, the challenges based on background are just a general aversion or lack of exposure. However, a unique problem, especially as it relates to the Meteorology and to a lesser degree the Geology students, is their inability to work through problems in the context of science. Many of the Meteorology students enter the university knowing that they need at least 5-6 math classes, and many have successfully completed Calculus in high school. However, when faced with incorporating those skills into "story problems" and making sense of graphical representations and analysis of data, they are unprepared and even resistant. I attribute this to their relative success in math at lower levels, and overconfidence in their ability to apply what they've learned.
In terms of proportion of the course spent on Quantitative Skills, the following applies to years 2007 through 2010, prior to the first implementation of TMYN in Fall 2011. The amount of student time and effort can be divided up for in-class and outside of class. We would spend approximately 40 percent of our time in class on QS, including lecture, preparing for and reviewing problem sets, and in-class work on labs and homework. The students ended up spending about 70 percent of their time outside of class on QS. It was my goal to reduce the In-class portion of time to allow for more lab time and more varied experiences and topics. In terms of the assessment and grading, QS occupies about 65% of the students grade, though this is difficult to quantify. Much of the remaining 35% is still dependent upon reading graphs, understanding topography and slopes, etc. No Teaching Assistants are available for this course, or any within my program. Problem Set grading can be challenging and time consuming, especially when students don't organize their work well. This is something that is outside of the capacity for TMYN to help with, but I do spend class time teaching simple strategies to problem set up.
More about your geoscience course
Hydrology is an integral part of our departmental curriculum. It is required of all Geology, Environmental Earth Science, and Meteorology majors. It is also taken as a related elective by many of our Environmental Science (Biology) and Parks/Recreation majors. The Geology pre-requisite for Hydrology is EAS 150 - Introduction to Geology. Occasionally, one or two students will take it as a co-requisite. The math pre-requisite is College Algebra. Most students enter the course ONLY having had this course, though about 20-40% of the class may have had Pre-Calculus or higher.
There is no defined lab component to the course, but there is some integrated lab and field experience that I use to develop skills and demonstrate job-related equipment and principles for those students wishing to enter environmental fields. The course is two days per week for 1.5 hours each meeting. This does not leave much time for conventional lab work. However, hands-on activities are critical to student learning for this course, because for many students it is their first time dealing with water from a physics-based approach. Labs occur within the framework of the normal schedule, but may also include work outside of class, in small groups. They include visitation to a local stream to measure discharge and take water samples, flume experiments in the lab, mapping exercises, and simple pH and conductivity sampling. TMYN serves to augment the problem sets that are assigned throughout the course, as well as to develop the students ability to analyze data they collect during the lab exercises.
Hydrology, though it is a major course for Geology and Meteorology, lays the groundwork for many upper-division courses within the curricula. Geology, Environmental Earth Science, and Earth and Space Science Education students may follow Hydrology up with one or more of the following related courses for which it is a pre-requisite: Sedimentology/Stratigraphy, Groundwater Hydrology, Watershed Evaluation, Advanced Environmental Geology, Computer Applications in Earth Sciences. Meteorology students continue on to subsequent atmospheric courses, based on different scales and dynamics. Quantitative Skills learned and/or developed during Hydrology serves these students throughout their major curricula.
Inclusion of quantitative content pre-TMYN
I use problem sets and integrate quantitative content as a major part of the course. My desire is to do it more effectively and to overcome the math aversions earlier, to make students more receptive and independent. Historically, I began the course with a "Math Quiz" to gauge their incoming competence level. Then, we slowly ramp up from simple unit conversions and algebra into introductory level fluid mechanics with calculus and PDE's. A disproportionate amount of time is spent on getting students "up-to-speed" in BASIC math skills (Unit conversions, setting up and rearranging equations, scientific notation, reading graphs). Many of the students struggle with Problem Sets because of these fundamentals, even though they may understand the "big picture" concepts.
Problem Sets are assigned differently each time the course is offered, but within a general framework. The pace, number, and timing of these assignments is based on how well students are performing and how much in-class time is spent on QS. The general order of topics is:
- Unit Conversion
- Water Balance/Hydrologic Cycle
- Atmospheric Water
- Lapse Rate
- Surface Water
- Infiltration/Overland Flow
- Stream Geometries and adjustments
- Fluvial Geomorphology
- Ground Water
- Bernoulli's Equation
- Darcy's Law
- Human Impacts
Which Math You Need Modules will/do you use in your course?Unit Conversions: Changing units within and without Metric and SI,Dimensional Analysis, Conservation Equation
Rearranging Equations: Dimensional Analysis, Conservation of Mass, Conservation of Energy
Plotting Points AND Graphing: Rating Curves and Hydrographs, Vapor Pressure and Dew Point
Best Fit Line AND Reading Points from a Line: Rating Curves, Correlations (pH, temp, Conductivity, etc.)
Density: Saltwater/Freshwater Interface, Lake Inversion, DNAPL/LNAPL
Rates: Stream Discharge, Wind and Evaporation, Incipient Motion and Sediment Transport
Topographic Profile AND Slopes: Watershed Delineation, Stream Flow Direction, Headward Erosion, Cross-sectional Profiles
Strategies for successfully implementing The Math You Need
I integrated TMYN in several ways in my course. I began the course with a pre-test, to evaluate the students' initial abilities and attitudes. Over the next several weeks, about every week to week and a half, I assigned a short module/assessment. Each of these assessments was assigned before we got into the part of the course with which we addressed that topic. After each module and assessment, we opened up that qualitative topic/activity, and applied those to the hydrologic topic of the unit. At about the three-quarter point in the course, the students completed the post-test, a duplicate of the pre-test, to assess their overall change in competence. Only five modules were used, as I joined multiple topics into single assessments. In rough order, they were Unit Conversions, Scientific Notation and Logarithms, Scales and Density, Reading Graphs and Slopes, and Rates. A sixth "review" quiz was done to address particularly problematic questions from earlier assessments. We completed the modules by week 11, in the 15-week semester. Well over half the course content and assessment was dependent upon the students' abilities to successfully use and integrate quantitative skills in Hydrological sciences. TMYN components totaled 6 percent of the course grade. Each post-module assessment was worth 0.5% of the student grade. The pre-test was pass/fail based on completion, with one attempt allowed and worth 1%. The post-test was graded, with one attempt allowed and worth an additional 1%. The interim assessments allowed for two attempts, and were graded.
Reflections and Results (after implementing)
I consider the implementation of TMYN in my Hydrology course to have been a success. All of the students improved their scores from the Pre- to Post-tests, with an average improvement of 21%. Students struggled most with the Graphing module and assessment, which was not a surprise. However, it was clear that these students had significantly higher competency for reading and analyzing graphs in class, demonstrating that the modules were having an impact on their learning, and especially preparation.
My main goal for using TMYN was to spend less time in class on remedial math skills. This goal was met, allowing me much more time to work on higher-level quantitative principles and topics that I wasn't able to "get to" in previous years. The quantitative nature of the class was not minimized because the responsibility of remediation was put on the students, it was augmented!
Following the full implementation, I conducted a separate attitudinal survey to assess the students perspectives on TMYN and my implementation of it. Briefly, students found the Unit Conversions module to be their favorite as well as most useful. Scientific Notation was the least appealing. In evaluating why the STUDENTS thought they improved, 43% attributed their improvement to Increased Understanding, 25% to Familiarity with Questions, 21% to Familiarity with Format, and 11% for logistical, non-academic reasons. Finally, I asked my students to complete the following Likert survey:
How do you feel The Math You Need impacted you?
(out of 5)
I feel MORE CONFIDENT in my ability to address quantitative problems.
The questions/content were relevant to work I will likely do in my career.
My quantitative skills have improved.
The instructor used these tasks for busy-work, not to improve my skills.
The quizzes provided adequate repetition and breadth
In my opinion, TMYN was a benefit to me and my students. I will use it again without hesitation. The one thing I will change is to emphasize the use of the modules, to avoid having students jump right to the assessments. But overall, it was a successful implementation and seems to have served my purposes.
ResourcesCourse Syllabus, Fall 2010 (Acrobat (PDF) 151kB Jul28 11)
Hydrology Problem Set 1 (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 16kB Jul28 11)
Hydrology Problem Set 5 (Acrobat (PDF) 205kB Jul28 11)
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On Jan. 31, over 1700 people came together in Fort Mill, S.C., a suburb of Charlotte, for a full day of lacrosse games and instruction and raised close to $30,000 to help 13-year old Connor McKemey, a local youth player who suffered burns over 80% of his body in a late December accident.
Connor, an eighth-grader at Gold Hill Middle School, was involved in a fire on the patio of his Tega Cay, S.C. home on Dec. 23 and is currently recovering at the Joseph M. Still Burn Center in Augusta, Ga. His mother, Karin, also suffered burns trying to extinguish the fire on her son. She has since been released from the hospital.
The event was a huge success, according to organizer Trent Tursi, the executive director of Planet Lacrosse, and the proceeds from the day are going into a trust set up for Connor, who has undergone skin graft surgery at the burn center. It’s going to help offset medical expenses, special clothing designed for burn victims and tutors to help him relearn basic functions.
Out of the 1700 total attendees, 500 paid the $40 fee to play lacrosse. The day lasted from 9 a.m. to 8 p.m., with all ages turning out to enjoy the weather and some lax. There were games organized for children as young as kindergarten and an adult exhibition game in the afternoon. Players and non-laxers alike participated in raffles, which included autographed equipment from Carolina Panthers’ quarterback Jake Delhomme, as well as fully-signed lacrosse jerseys from Navy, Virginia and the Italian national team. The day also included an appearance from Denver Outlaws’ goalie Jesse Schwartzman, who helped conduct a clinic. And almost one hundred people donated blood for Connor and other patients at the Still Burn Center.
It was an amazing turnout for an event that was planned just over a month beforehand. On Christmas Eve, Tursi formed a committee of organizers and got together with city officials to inform them of plans. Tursi and company forged ahead on Christmas Day, sending out emails to people as close as Charlotte and as far away as Australia and New Zealand. And they reached out through lacrosse companies as well, spreading the word to reps like Warrior’s Liam Banks.
And this will not be a one-off Jamboree, says Tursi. They’re going to try to make this an annual event and support other people helping to raise awareness for Connor’s condition, as well as other burn victims.
All of us here at Inside Lacrosse wish Connor the best in his recovery and hope to see him back on the field soon!
Here’s how to help Connor:
Until next January comes around, there are other ways to help Connor and raise awareness for burn victims around the country:
— You can track Connor’s progress here: Connor's CaringBridge site
— Go to www.McKemeyStrong.com for more information on the event and donations…
— Connor’s club team, the South Charlotte Cyclones, have started a campaign called Bear Down (Bear is Connor’s nickname) and will wear special stickers on their helmets in the upcoming season. Connor’s father George, a Marine reservist who recently returned from Iraq, has sent some for his unit to wear.
For more, go to Stickwithus.org.
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Australian snubfin dolphin (Orcaella heinsohni)
The Australian snubfin dolphin, Orcaella heinsohni (Beasley, Robertson, Arnold, 2005), is a recently recognized species of dolphin first described in 2005.
It closely resembles and is closely related to the Irrawaddy dolphin, and until it was described in 2005, it was thought to be an Irrawaddy dolphin. However, the Australian snubfin dolphin is three-coloured, while the body of the Irrawaddy dolphin only has two colours. The skull and the fins are also slightly different between the two species.
Experts say the discovery of a new mammal is extremely rare. In fact, the Australian snubfin is the first new dolphin species to be discovered in 56 years! Two scientists at James Cook University, Isabel Beasley and Peter Arnold, took D.N.A. samples from the population of dolphins off the coast of Townsville, Queensland and sent them to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Southwest Fisheries Science Center in La Jolla, California. The results showed that George Heinsohn (an Australian biologist who worked at James Cook University in the 1960s and 1970s on dolphin species for whom Orcaella heinsohni is named) was correct in his hypothesis that the Townsville population was a new species. Beasley noted that the snubfin has three colours; it's dark on the dorsal side, graduates to a light brown on the flanks, and has a white belly. They have a rounded melon, which is very unlike other dolphin species in Australia. They also have a small, "snubby" dorsal fin, hence the name "snubfin." The Irrawaddy, unlike the Australian snubfin, is a uniform slate gray with a white belly.
Unlike its more showy cousins, such as the bottlenose dolphin, the Australian snubfin is a very shy dolphin that avoids boats.
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The Mississippi River spilled over its banks in Arkansas and Tennessee on May 12, 2011, as the International Space Station passed overhead. This astronaut photograph shows muddy water sitting on floodplains around Tomato, Arkansas, as well as extensive flooding to the north.
Flood waters around Tomato appear confined by an embankment in the west. The embankment extends southward from a bend in the Mississippi. West of the embankment lies a patchwork of agricultural fields. East of the river lies an expanse of dark green forest, the Anderson-Tully State Wildlife Management Area.
Astronaut photograph ISS027-E-27019 was acquired on May 12, 2011, with a Nikon D2Xs digital camera using a 400 mm lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The image was taken by the Expedition 27 crew. The image in this article has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast. Lens artifacts have been removed. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. Caption by Michon Scott, based on material from the International Space Station photo gallery.
- ISS - Digital Camera
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|Chad Table of Contents
In 1940 Chad became internationally prominent when its lieutenant governor, Félix Eboué, led the rest of the AEF federation to support Free France under Charles de Gaulle rather than the government of Vichy France. Chad became the base for Colonel Jacques Leclerc's conquest of the Fezzan (1940-43), and the entire episode became the basis of an enduring sentimental bond between the France of de Gaulle's generation and Chad. More funds and attention flowed to Chad than ever before, and Eboué became the governor general of the entire AEF in November 1941.
Born in French Guiana of mixed African and European parentage, Eboué was keenly interested in the problems of cultural dislocation resulting from unchecked modernization in Africa. He worked to return authority to authentic traditional leaders while training them in modern administrative techniques. He recognized a place for African middle-class professionals in cities, but he opposed the migration of workers to cities, supporting instead the creation of integrated rural industries where workers could remain with their families. When Eboué died in 1944, the AEF lost a major source of progressive ideas, and Chad lost a leader with considerable influence in France.
French voters rejected many of the progressive ideas of Eboué and others after the war ended. Nevertheless, the constitution that was approved in 1946 granted Chad and other African colonies the right to elect a territorial assembly with limited powers. The Assembly in turn elected delegates to the French General Council of all the AEF. The position of governor general was redesignated high commissioner, and each territory gained the right to elect representatives to French parliamentary bodies, including the National Assembly, the Council of the Republic, and the Assembly of the French Union. The African peoples became French citizens, and the colonies were designated overseas territories of France. But the real locus of authority remained in Paris, and French personnel continued to dominate the AEF's administration. No formal attempt was made to train Chadian Africans for civil service positions before 1955.
Until the early 1950s, political forces originating in France dominated the development of politics in Chad. Local elections were won largely by members of the Chadian Democratic Union (Union Démocratique Tchadienne--UDT), which was associated with a political party in France, the Assembly of French People. The UDT represented French commercial interests and a bloc of traditional leaders composed primarily of Muslim and Ouaddaïan nobility. Chad's European community initiated the practice of using the civil service for partisan political ends; African civil servants who were identified with organizations opposed to the UDT soon found themselves dismissed or transferred to distant posts. For example, François Tombalbaye (later to become president) lost his job as a teacher and ended up making bricks by hand because of his union activities and his role in the opposition Chadian Progressive Party (Parti Progressiste Tchadien--PPT).
Nonetheless, by 1953 politics were becoming less European dominated, and the PPT was emerging as the major rival of the UDT. The leader of the PPT was Gabriel Lisette, a black colonial administrator born in Panama and posted to Chad in 1946. Elected as a deputy to the French National Assembly, Lisette was later chosen as secretary general of the African Democratic Assembly (Rassemblement Démocratique Africain--RDA), an interterritorial, Marxist-oriented party considered quite radical at the time. The PPT originated as a territorial branch of the RDA and rapidly became the political vehicle of the country's non-Muslim intellectuals. Traditional rulers perceived the PPT to be antithetical to their interests and recognized that the local territorial assembly could adversely affect their revenue and power. These factors persuaded traditional rulers to become more active in the UDT, which, because of internal divisions, had changed its name in the late 1950s to the Chadian Social Action (Action Sociale Tchadienne--AST).
Although party names changed frequently and dramatic factional schisms occurred throughout the 1950s, electoral competition was essentially between three political blocs: the UDT [AST], the PPT, and the allies of Ahmed Koulamallah from Chari-Baguirmi and Kanem prefectures. A clever politician and charismatic leader of the Tijaniyya Islamic brotherhood in Chad, Koulamallah campaigned in different times and places as a member of the Bagirmi nobility (he was an estranged son of the sultan), a radical socialist leader, or a militant Muslim fundamentalist. As a result, politics in the 1950s was a struggle between the south, which mostly supported the PPT, and the Muslim sahelian belt, which favored the UDT [AST]. Koulamallah played a generally disruptive role in the middle.
In 1956 the French National Assembly passed the loi cadre (enabling act), which resulted in greater self-rule for Chad and other African territories. Electoral reforms expanded the pool of eligible voters, and power began to shift from the sparsely settled northern and central Chadian regions toward the more densely populated south. The PPT had become less militant, winning the support of chiefs in the south and members of the French colonial administration, but not that of private French commercial interests. The PPT and allied parties won forty-seven of the sixtyfive seats in the 1957 elections, and Lisette formed the first African government in Chad. He maintained a majority for only about a year, however, before factions representing traditional chiefs withdrew their support from his coalition government.
In September 1958, voters in all of Africa's French territories took part in a referendum on the Fifth Republic's constitution, drawn up under de Gaulle. For a variety of political and economic reasons, most of Chad's political groups supported the new constitution, and all voted for a resolution calling for Chad to become an autonomous republic within the French community. The three other AEF territories voted similarly, and in November 1958 the AEF was officially terminated. Coordination on such issues as customs and currency continued among the four territories through written agreements or on an ad hoc basis. Nonetheless, some Chadians supported the creation of an even stronger French federation, rather than independence. The leading proponent of this proposal was Barthélemy Boganda of Ubangi-Chari, but his death in 1959 and the vigorous opposition of Gabon resulted in political independence on a separate basis for all four republics.
After Lisette's coalition crumbled in early 1959, two other alliances governed briefly. Then in March the PPT returned to power, this time under the leadership of Tombalbaye, a union leader and representative from Moyen-Chari Prefecture. Lisette, whose power was undermined because of his non-African origins, became deputy prime minister in charge of economic coordination and foreign affairs. Tombalbaye soon consolidated enough political support from the south and north to isolate the opposition into a collection of conservative Muslim leaders from central Chad. The latter group formed a political party in January 1960, but its parliamentary representation steadily dropped as Tombalbaye wooed individual members to the PPT. By independence in August 1960, the PPT and the south had clearly achieved dominance, but Tombalbaye's political skills made it possible for observers to talk optimistically about the possibility of building a broad-based coalition of political forces.
Source: U.S. Library of Congress
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OK, where is this going... oh, Frank Lloyd Wright, right. So I visited a LOT of his buildings as a kid / teenager and really grew to love and appreciate his style, and what it means to be in a "designed" space. It's something you feel, and you'll never get that feeling from a typical suburban (or even most urban) home(s).
I still thumb though my architecture books from time to time. (I spent 6 years in Architecture school, so I've acquired quite a collection.) Frank Lloyd Wright's work is still very meaningful for me. I came across this house recently, the Alice Millard house, it is one in a series of his "textile houses" made from concrete blocks designed by him.
It's made from 9 large (24"x24") blocks. Yes, there are many ways this could have been interpreted and constructed, but I chose the way that interested me the most. Here you can see the simple block construction:
Here is the whole top put together:
I really like the way this top came together, it's so simple yet has a real visual impact - for me at least :)
Now comes the hard part... There's no way I can quilt this baby on my teeny tiny Janome, so I'm going to have to bite the bullet and head into Modern Domestic to make use of that quilt frame class I took. Why I'm so terrified of it, I have no idea. It was a great class, fantastic instruction - and I used it in the class with a certain degree of success for a first timer. Just do it Jill!!
OK, enough words for now, Cheers all!
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President Obama and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., left, leave a meeting with House Democrats at the Capitol, in Washington, Thursday, March 14, 2013. / J. Scott Applewhite AP
WASHINGTON - President Obama called on Congress Friday to set aside $2 billion over the next decade to support research of advanced vehicle technology as part of an effort to dramatically improve the fuel efficiency of cars and reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
Obama, who first floated the idea of establishing an Energy Security Trust in his State of the Union address, detailed his proposal in a speech at the Argonne National Laboratory outside of Chicago on Friday.
Argonne was chosen, in part, because the laboratory has been at the forefront of research of high-tech vehicle technology.
Obama wants to support research of "cost-effective technologies" of vehicles that run on electricity, homegrown biofuels, fuel cells and natural gas. The new program, which would require Congressional approval, would be paid for through royalties generated by offshore drilling of oil and gas development of the outer continental shelf.
Obama reiterated his administration's goal that by the middle of the next decade,cars will go twice as far on a gallon of gas.
"By investing in our energy security, we are helping our businesses succeed and we're creating good middle class jobs right here in America," Obama said. "The only way to really break this cycle of spiking oil prices -- the only way to break that cycle for for good -- is to shift our cars entirely...off oil."
Obama noted that the Washington advocacy group Securing America's Future Energy, which includes a non-partisan coalition of CEOs and retired generals and admirals, has called for establishing a trust.
"These leaders came together around a simple idea," Obama said. "Much of our energy is drawn from lands and waters that we the public own together. What they supposed is, let's take some of our oil and gas revenues from public land and put it toward research that will benefit the public, so we can support American ingenuity without adding a dime to our deficit."
The president's proposal, however, is being met with a measure of skepticism from some GOP lawmakers, including House Speaker John Boehner. Some Republican lawmakers have called for expand drilling to Artic National Wildlife Refuge, something that Obama doesn't support.
"For this proposal to even be plausible, oil and gas leasing on federal land would need to increase dramatically," said Brendan Buck, a Boehner spokesman. "Unfortunately, this administration has consistently slowed, delayed and blocked American energy production."
Still, the White House is optimistic they can muster bipartisan support for the plan. Alaska Sen. Lisa Murkowski, the top Republican on the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, also suggested she could support the proposal the day after the State of the Union message, calling it "an idea I may agree with."
The stepped-up push for establishing the trust comes as the Environmental Protection Agency releases a new report on Friday on progress that's been made over the five years in improving fuel economy. Carbon emissions have decreased by 13% and fuel economy values have increased by 16%, according to the new EPA report.
The report also notes that consumers have twice as many hybrid and diesel vehicle choices.
In a speech before the Chicago Council of Global Affairs last month, Deputy Treasury Secretary Neal Wolin described the Energy Security Trust as a crucial part of Obama's strategy to wean the U.S. from its reliance on foreign oil.
"We've made considerable progress over the last few years to decrease our dependence on foreign energy," Wolin said, according to prepared remarks of the speech. "And we can make even more progress by investing in battery technology and wind and solar power; by speeding up new permits to expand natural gas production; and by creating a new Energy Security Trust fund to get our cars and trucks off oil completely."
Copyright 2013 USATODAY.com
Read the original story: Obama wants $2 billion for Energy Security Trust
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Fall 2011 - Volume: 17 Issue: 3
Dispelling the Misconceptions
About Suicide and Grief and Mourning
Alan D. Wolfelt, PhD
Excerpted from The Wilderness of Suicide Grief: Finding Your Way
Tags: General Grief, Suicide, Alan D. Wolfelt
Misconception: A misconception is a mistaken notion you might have about something—in other words, something you believe to be true but that is not true. Misconceptions about grief are common in our society because we tend not to openly mourn or talk about grief and mourning. You can see how we’d have misconceptions about something as “in the closet” as suicide grief.
As you journey through the wilderness of your suicide grief, if you mourn openly and authentically, you will come to find a path that feels right for you. But beware—others may try to pull you off this path. They may try to make you believe that the path you have chosen is wrong—even crazy—and that their way is better.
They have internalized some common misconceptions about suicide grief and mourning. And the misconceptions, in essence, deny you your right to hurt and authentically express your grief.
As you read, you may discover that you or people around you have believed in some of the misconceptions. Don’t condemn yourself or others. Simply make use of any new insights to help you open your heart to your work of mourning in ways that restore your soul.
Misconception: Grief and mourning are the same thing.
Perhaps you have noticed that people tend to use the words grieving and mourning interchangeably. There is an important distinction, however. Grief is the constellation of internal thoughts and feelings we have when someone we love dies. Mourning is taking the grief you have on the inside and expressing it outside of yourself. Over time and with the support of others, to mourn is to heal.
WARNING: After someone you love has completed suicide, your friends may encourage you to keep your grief to yourself. A catalyst for healing, however, can only be created when you develop the courage to mourn publicly, in the presence of understanding, compassionate people who will not judge you.
Misconception: Grief following a suicide death always results in “complicated” or “pathological” mourning.
Research indicates that survivors of suicide integrate grief at about the same pace as those who experience any kind of unanticipated death. Obviously, there can be some natural challenges, such as the combination of sudden shock, the natural question of “why?”, the trauma of witnessing or discovering the suicide, the lack of support from family and friends, and the potential of secondary victimization that results from cruel, judgmental, or insensitive comments, but do not let this misconception become a self-fulfilling prophecy. Do your work of mourning, and you will come out of the dark and into the light.
Misconception: Grief and mourning progress in predictable, orderly stages.
The concept of stages was popularized in 1969 with the publication of Elisabeth Kübler-Ross’s landmark text On Death and Dying. However, Dr. Kübler-Ross never intended for her stages to be interpreted as a rigid, linear sequence to be followed by all mourners. As a grieving person, you will probably encounter others who have adopted a rigid system of beliefs about what you should experience in your grief journey. And if you have internalized this misconception, you may also find yourself trying to prescribe your grief experience as well. Everyone mourns in different ways. Personal experience is your best teacher about where you are in your grief journey. Don’t think your goal is to move through prescribed stages of grief.
Misconception: We can always determine the “why” of a suicide death.
Why the person took his or her own life can be a painful yet natural question to explore, yet it’s a question for which there is often no clear, satisfactory answer. My experience with many survivors suggests that you may very slowly, with no rewards for speed, discover that is possible to live with the uncertainty of never fully knowing the answer.
Misconception: All suicide survivors feel guilty.
The sad reality is that some people will actually say directly to you, “I bet you feel guilty,” or pose the question, “Do you feel guilty?” This is one of the most prescribed responses for survivors of suicide. In reality, as a survivor you may or may not feel guilty. Besides, assuming you feel guilt is the opposite of my belief that you are the expert of your own experience and therefore you must teach me what you feel; I must not prescribe what you should feel.
Misconception: Only certain kinds of people complete suicide.
This is a simple misconception to dispel. The reality is that suicide is a stranger to no race, creed, religion, age group, or socioeconomic level. All kinds of people have completed suicide since the beginning of recorded history.
Misconception: Only a crazy person completes suicide.
While the person you loved who completed suicide may have been depressed, anxious, or hopeless, to be sure, most of us survivors don’t find comfort when people try to tell us the person was crazy. Not all people who complete suicide meet some formal criteria for mental illness, and even when they do, we don’t need to hear that they were crazy.
Misconception: It is a sin to complete suicide, and the person who does goes directly to hell.
As one Catholic priest observed about suicide, “When its victims wake on the other side, they are met by a gentle Christ who stands right inside of their huddled fear and says, ‘Peace be with you!’ As we see in the gospels, God can go through locked doors, breathe out peace in places where we cannot get in, and write straight with even the most crooked of lines.” Personally, I believe there are no limits to God’s compassion. God mourns with us. If God’s nature is one of steadfast mercy and love, then this is a misconception we need to keep educating the world about.
Misconception: Suicide is inherited and runs in the family.
Be alert for uninformed people who may project to you that because someone in your family completed suicide, you may have the same fate. This projection is not supported by the facts. Scientific research has not at this time confirmed a genetic basis for suicide risk.
Misconception: Tears of grief are only a sign of weakness.
Tears of grief are often associated with personal inadequacy and weakness. The worst thing you can do, however, is to allow this judgment to prevent you from crying. Sometimes, the people who care about you may, directly or indirectly, try to prevent your tears out of a desire to protect you (and them) from pain. You may hear comments like, “Tears won’t bring him back,” or “He wouldn’t want you to cry.” Yet crying is nature’s way of releasing internal tension in your body, and it allows you to communicate a need to be comforted.
Misconception: Being upset and openly mourning means you are being weak in your faith.
Watch out for those who think that having faith and openly mourning are mutually exclusive. If you are mad at God, be mad at God. Similarly, if you need a time-out from regular worship, don’t shame yourself. When and if you are ready, attending a church, synagogue, or other place of worship, reading scripture, and praying are only a few ways you might want to express your faith. Or, you may be open to less conventional ways, such as meditating or spending time alone in nature.
Now that we’ve reviewed the common misconceptions of grief, let’s wrap up this article by listing some of the “conceptions.” These are some realities you can hold onto as you journey toward healing.
Realistic expectations for grief and mourning
You will naturally grieve, but you will probably have to make a conscious effort to mourn.
Your grief and mourning will involve a wide variety of different thoughts and feelings.
Your grief and mourning will impact you in all five realms of experience: physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and spiritual.
You need to feel it to heal it.
Your grief will probably hurt more before it hurts less.
Your grief will be unpredictable and will not likely progress in an orderly fashion.
You don’t “get over” grief; you learn to live with it.
You need other people to help you through your grief.
You will not always feel this bad.
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Posted 12 months ago
These trench art shells with copper and silver inlays of Arabic verse (usually from the Koran, but I have not have this translated yet) are highly prized among trench art collectors.
I have been collecting for over 30 years and have never had an opportunity to purchase an affordable example.
My luck just changed!
This particular shell stands about 20" tall and about 4.25" diameter. I suspect it is from a 105mm gun-- but it may be a larger gun. The base is marked by the maker: "Polte, Magdeberg" for the Krupp Company and it is dated "JUL, 1917".
Many of these type of shells are known to have been made in Damascus, Syria, but I believe there were other makers in the Middle East. The workmanship is amazing. The ability to work with the copper and silver on the brass was truly fine art among these gifted craftsman. This type of shell decoration continued well after the end of the War.
Reproduction of these images in any form is not authorized.
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The world of phenomena, life of thoughts, every day is transforming into something more, in something which we call another world. That something new, something different become my new reality in which I am, and in which I came throw observing and living our fears, our fights, magnitude and hopes; living our own myths which always made like that, which are needs to surpass evil and nothappiens, which are also collective memories. Those myths are fight of man to overrun him, to be closer to enternity, they are need for man like stories for kids, the collective dream to understand life.
The value of myth are never refuted, it always been a real opportunity to understand reality, and it is not possible to not find name in art which isn’t whit his work go thro mythological, and exactly in that looking for way for his realize. One of that ways, like was said Djuzzepe Mazzini “is looking for idea hidden in symbol “, which in my case will be liberated idea from sculpture from drawing, from performance, from word. Waking up from collective ream I was met myself in a big measure with that mythological in man, in women, which aspire to be exceeded. Feeling transformation of that cognition of reality, I was going throw deep roots of material as spiritual. Together with my sculptures I felt transformation of female, mythological, physical, in to something more, in o a bird, like symbol of freedom, like symbol of something knowing, entirety. Meeting with myself – women and women- surroundings, I couldn’t to notice that motherly attributes not that they only have positive meanings, but they are usually use to something negative. Those motherly attributes are sometimes weapon of seduction and subject of adoration, and then myth become, like something which women sometimes built by herself, or man about her. And exactly cause of that kind of myth in women, it was start my fight, and my need to understand it and find for it some new dimension. In the trace I met myself with one primeval myth, which existing from past till now, whit bird- Ikar, with myth of bird – man, who always have desire to put up a human race above from knowing reality, and who give him opportunity to transcend himself, and all that material which was since always rewarded. Exactly those myths wake up in me possibility to become above of physically; but by comprehend, that myth is cradle in which we are console ourselves, and guns that we take in fear. Myth was one of my promoters for understanding value of spiritual above of material, and exactly that transform women in a bird, body in to eternity. Material in sculpture I presented like female torso, on which we can notice round forms of breasts and stomach, which takes symbol of maternity. Like women’s strength, like concentrate energy which can develop, and which can also destroy. Womens body can be symbol of immortal, and also something archetypical, which is I base of every myth. Bird like extreme form of women’s body have tendency to example, and also have something on which we all desire- enlighten. With knowing that human body is something which is use to be exceeded, I allowed myself to use blue color with which I paint every form of sculpture which don’t have association on spirituality. With value I disproved sculpture’s being, giving to her non- material meaning, as like in dictionary of symbols said: “ Blue is the most deepest, she is the least material color, she is road to endless, she is the color of bird of happiness, blue bird, unattainable but completely adjacent. Blue color dematerializing everything which she takes. Surface painted in blue is no more surfaces. Movement, noises and cloud’s in blueness despaired, sinks in one, they lose like bird on the sky.” Looking relation of sculpture like material and myth like need to understand that material, I find myself on a road of comprehension, I was going thro process of transformation, no less, and no more then any of us, with believe that we are, like that, become worthy of liberation like birds of divine.
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by A Perplexed Reader
[Reprinted from Light (London), October 13, 1883, p. 449]
To the Editor of "LIGHT"
SIR, -- I am still perplexed. "A Catholic
Priest" is "not of the Roman fold alone." But if he be, as his words
imply, of the Roman fold at all he can be of none other; and if he be of the Greek
communion -- which is the only other Church recognised in his last letter as Catholic --
he cannot be of the Roman too. Whether Greek, or Roman, or neither, the title he uses to
pass off the strange farrago of theology which he has treated us to is a misnomer. Such
heresy would be tolerated in no Church, Catholic or otherwise.
My perplexity is increased by the letter of Mr. Atkinsons which
immediately follows that of the soi-distant "Catholic Priest." What, in
the name of common sense, is the meaning of this bewildering sentence? "May I say a
word on the great mistake on the attempt to fathom the nature of the great First
Cause least understood, itself without a cause -- what must to us be occult and
unintelligible, the incomprehensible of the Christian, the noumenon of Kant, the
unknowable absolute of Herbert Spencer, the unfathomable of all -- so that all
speculation in respect to it must be mere fancy and untrue in a misuse of the human
understanding resting on particulars observed in daylight experience -- a mind in nature,
or a being outside nature."
That is, indeed, "saying a word," but is any human being a
whit the wiser for it?
I am still more perplexed, if possible, by Mr. Sinnetts reply to
Mr. Kiddle. That latter gentleman places side by side two passages from which it appears
that Mr. Sinnetts invisible instructor has committed a very manifest act of
plagiarism. Not only this but he has omitted inconvenient words, and has so distorted the
ideas he has borrowed as to divert them from their original intention to suit his own very
different purpose. Mr. Sinnett, like the rest of us, knows nothing of his instructor
beyond his instructions. Yet he regards what I suppose everybody else will consider a very
grave charge, one which, unless disproved, strikes at the very root of the pretensions of
the adepts, as "trivial," "rather out of date now," and "merely
ridiculous." That does indeed perplex and surprise me.
A PERPLEXED READER.
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Even out of prison people with a criminal background still cannot seem to get a break. For the formerly incarcerated finding a home can be difficult especially when landlords can choose to bar such individuals. A toolkit or guide was developed by Fortune Society and John Jay College Criminal Justice to help people with a criminal past to find education and housing. National Reentry Resource Center presents a webinar that reviews the toolkit as well as other findings to aid people with criminal histories.
Sources- National Reentry Resource Center
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Most snorers only complain of a sore throat in the morning or of having tender ribs as a result of being elbowed by their partner. A small percentage of snorers who show no evidence of OSA on sleep monitoring will complain of many of the symptoms of OSA. These individuals seem to be awakened repeatedly during the night by the vibration of the throat tissues themselves.
Snorers come in all shapes and sizes.
Signs and symptoms of OSA include:
None of these symptoms are specific to OSA. However, OSA is the most common cause of excessive daytime sleepiness.
A "typical" patient is an obese, middle-aged male. However, more than 60% of patients with OSA do not fit this profile. The condition is also more common in women than is generally appreciated. Women with OSA have the same symptoms as men with OSA.
Some experts also believe that there is a group of patients, mostly female, who are not loud snorers, who do not show evidence of OSA on sleep monitoring, and yet suffer the symptoms of OSA. This condition is called the Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS). In these patients, there is partial airway collapse without detectable change in airflow that results in repeated awakenings during sleep. The occurrence of these partial airway collapses can be documented by putting a catheter into the esophagus to measure pressure changes in the chest during breathing. These patients show marked changes in pressure during inspiration that are similar to those seen in patients with OSA. A "typical" patient with UARS is a slender woman in her 20's - 30's with a small jaw and a high, arched palate.
Before considering treatment for snoring or OSA, it is important to have a detailed medical assessment. This assessment consists of:
Depending on the findings to this point, a patient may be recommended to have a sleep study to determine whether he/she has OSA as a part of his/her snoring problem.
Note: OSA is a clinical diagnosis. A sleep study is performed for the purpose of:
The choice of treatment depends critically on the findings of the medical assessment. Once treatment is started for a patient who has OSA, close medical follow-up is required to insure that the patient has the best possible result from their treatment.
|Home||Table of Contents||Snoring & Sleep Apnea||Evolution of Snoring|
|Causes||Treatments||Impact on Health||Basic Statistics|
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Libri: six centuries of Italian books from the Baillieu Library’s Special Collections
The exhibition will showcase books by or about Italians and Italy throughout time, highlighting the University Library Special Collections exciting new purchase of Aldus Manutius’s Hypnerotomachia Poliphili, printed in Venice in 1499. It is an important early printed work containing 170 exquisite woodcuts. A fourteenth century musical manuscript will be shown and books focusing on important figures or movements, such as Machiavelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Vasari, Palladio and futurism will be included, up to modern day books by Italians now living in Australia.
This is also in conjunction with Rare Book Week, Thursday July 18 to 28th which culminates in the Antiquarian Book Fair in Wilson Hall, University of Melbourne. The theme for Rare Book Week is ‘A passion for books’ which fits the Italian theme!
Leigh Scott Gallery, Baillieu Library, University of Melbourne
17 June to 15 September 2013
Symposium 24 July 2013
Venice : Aldus Manutius, 1499
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Yet again, this cynical and unprincipled president shows how far he will go out of his way to appeal to voters and score political points.
George W. Bush — as horrible as he was at every level of policy and whose damage around the world will be felt for years to come — is probably the last principled US president. Obama belongs to the Clinton school of politics: where principles don’t exist — not that they count — and where declared positions can shift and switch depending on the political interests of a president.
The visit by an Egyptian delegation to Saudi Arabia was illustrative. It shows that not only Lebanese politicians excel at the art of prostration before the kings of oil and gas. The origin of the idea of the visit is contested: the Egyptian Parliament’s speaker claimed that the idea was his alone, while ambitious Egyptian liberal politician, Ayman Nour — a man desperate for a role at any cost — claimed that it was his idea.
I am late today because I wanted to write about letters from Osama bin Laden but waited until I was able to read all the released Arabic unclassified (or declassified) bin Laden documents before I commented on them.
For months during the Egyptian uprising, Thomas Friedman assured his (Zionist) readers that the Egyptian uprising has no foreign policy goals whatsoever. He probably was trying to allay the fears of Israelis. (Only recently, Thomas Friedman sneakily switched positions and said that the only issue that matters in the next presidential election in Egypt will be foreign policy and the state of relations with Israel).
There is a lot of noise coming out of different quarters about the “imminent collapse” of the UN observer mission in Syria. “Dead on arrival,” says one American commentator. “Failure to uphold truce,” accused the White House and UN Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon, pointing fingers at the Syrian government.
Tel Aviv University was built on the ruins of the Palestinian village of Sheikh Muwannis. The university's faculty lounge is the village mukhtar's former home. At the corner of Arlosoroff and Ibn Gvirol streets, where the Century Tower skyscraper stands, a Palestinian village named Sommeil used to exist.
There are many interesting trends in the French presidential elections. The international media will focus on matters that are less of a concern to me. The New York Times and The Economist are aghast that the French socialist candidate, Francois Hollande, may expand government expenditures and services. The New York Times finds in his program an outrage to international – read American elite – financial consensus. There will be commentaries written about the career and the ultimate demise of French President Nicolas Sarkozy.
Item number five on UN Envoy Kofi Annan’s 6-point plan for Syria is the following:
“(5) Ensure freedom of movement throughout the country for journalists and a non-discriminatory visa policy for them.”
At a delicate moment in the hard-fought Syrian conflict that could potentially destabilize the entire Middle East, the United Nations believes getting more journalists into Syria is one of the six most urgent actions to consider?
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How many cats is a three dog night worth?
During the day, a wind gust of 78 mph was clocked in the far northeast part of Albuquerque, and the Sunport reported a gust of 53. Our storm door was flung off its hinges, and in the process, the hydraulic closing cylinder punched a hole in the front door. The result is that the door is letting cold air in, so it’s hard to keep the house warm.
I was listening to my favorite radio station on the way home from work, as my little Vibe was getting knocked all over the road by gusts of wind, and the DJ commented that it was going to be a “three dog night,” as a segue into a song by the band named after that concept.
For those who don’t know, the phrase comes from medieval times, when home heating was, to put it mildly, not exactly efficient. On an especially cold night, the humans in a house would derive extra warmth by having their dogs, often large ones, in their beds to help keep them warm. A “three dog night” was an especially cold one, as it required three dogs to keep the bed warm enough.
Unfortunately, all Pat and I have is a cat. And Dulce is not exactly a large cat – she probably weighs in at about six pounds. So she’s about a tenth of a large dog.
Now, we do have friends who could be described as cat herders. These friends have large numbers of cats on hand. And those cats are probably larger than Dulce – I’m guessing the average cat is 10 pounds or more. Also, cats’ normal body temperature is slightly higher than that of dogs, so maybe it doesn’t take as much mass of cat as of dog to produce the same amount of heat.
So I open this question up to the cat herders I know: If it’s a three dog night, how many cats is it?
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The System was created in San Francisco by Larry Shultz, a student of visionary Pattabhi Jois, the pioneer of the traditional ashtanga yoga from Mysore India. The Rocket sequences are intelligently adapted routines using advanced variations and creative transitions, as well as incorporating some complimentary and challenging asanas from the second and third ashtanga series. It brings refreshing accessibility to the postures that are normally out of reach. The upbeat tempo of movement is the catalyst for transformation, e
ach routine builds on the one before and is designed to wake up the nervous system, stimulating your energy, giving intensity to the practice.
Teach the Rocket:
Our intensives our designed to share and breakdown in detail the Rocket Series. You will learn the mechanics of “flying”,” strengthening” and “transitioning”. You will master the techniques and methodology essential in teaching these routines. The Rocket video and training manual come included as part of the tuition.
Also the 100 hours of training can be counted as Advanced Training recognized by the Yoga Alliance.
- Flying techniques: made possible by combining multiple aspects of yoga that when put together allow you to move and maintain a sense of levitation or flight in your practice.
- 140 Ashtanga Yoga postures.
- Abdominal (bandhas) strength and control.
- Full body strengthening, including hand, leg, wrist, shoulder, and back development.
- Stacking methods for inversions.
- Arm Balancing and Inversions (headstands, elbow stands, scorpion, handstands), crow posture, side crow, one legged crow, crazy eight, peacock posture & many more…
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Question: I have an unusual spider in my front yard. Can you tell me what it is?
Photographer: John Broomfield, Source: Museum Victoria
Answer: This spider is one of the species that are commonly called Golden Orb-weavers. They are so named because if you look at their webs in the right light, they have a distinct golden colour and so do their egg sacs. These beautiful spiders are native to Australia and belong to the genus Nephila which is represented in Australia by five species.
Given that your spider has been collected in Melbourne, it is most likely to be Nephila edulis. Despite the size of this spider, few bites have been recorded. The Golden Orb-weaver is not considered dangerous. Symptoms include localised mild pain and swelling, nausea and dizziness.
Golden Orb-weaving Spiders are not aggressive and their first response to a threat is usually to run. In fact the museum has been contacted by one enquirer who was so taken by his Golden Orb-weaver that he used to stroke her. You should of course do this at your own risk; a spider is quite likely to misread a friendly pat and bite in response to being touched.
Golden Orb-weaving Spider, Nephila edulisPhotographer: Alan Henderson, Source: Museum Victoria
While the female Nephila edulis is a large and impressive spider measuring up to 23 mm in length, the male of the species is only about 6 mm long. Males can usually be found at the edges of a female’s web. The female has distinctive black brushes on 6 of her 8 legs.
A female Golden Orb-weaving Spider constructs a beautiful golden silk egg sac during early winter which is usually left in the tree that she constructed her web on. Golden Orb-weavers can be locally common, for example in the Darling Downs in Queensland a single dead tree can have as many as 30 individual golden orb weaver webs.
Hi Steven - we checked with our Live Exhibits experts about this, and they have responded as follows:
Nephila edulis tend to produce only one egg sac per season, which explains why her abdomen inflated and deflated, but not why it did so repeatedly. A single egg sac may hold more than 380 eggs, so there will be plenty of offspring to carry on her legacy. Golden Orbweavers have a highly distensible abdomen which allows them to ingest large quantities of food when available and then digest it over several days. This may explain why she appeared tight and full, and then skinny and sagging, although it would be unusual for a spider to have access to very large meals at such regular intervals.
In hot climates where water is available all year round, the spiders are likely to continue to breed throughout the year but still have a period of peak breeding during summer. It's not surprising then, that you're seeing the spiders increase and decrease in size as they produce batches of eggs.
In either case, those are the only two options. Our best guess is that the eggs have been sheltered from sun through the current summer and it's taken a while for enough heat to accumulate within the egg sac.
Hi Corey, the spiders are not known to dismantle their webs, and can sometimes be seen hanging in a complete web just after death. In northern Victoria earlier this year, at the end of summer when most big females died of old age, dozens could be seen dangling from perfect webs throughout the bush.
Spiders spend a lot of time tending to their web, and following a spider’s death the web deteriorates surprisingly rapidly. This is because holes caused by leaves or twigs or flying insects are quickly repaired by the living spider, and smaller ongoing repairs also mitigate the effects of the elements (particularly wind) on the web. Once the spider is gone, the web starts to fall apart.
A second possible cause is that flying creatures with good eyesight, such as small birds, would avoid flying into a web if a spider as large as a Golden Orbweaver were present, but wouldn’t be able to spot the web as easily without the spider present. In the case where the spider is attacked by a bird, either the spider survives with a damaged or destroyed web, then soon repairs it, or the spider dies and the web disappears along with the spider.
Hi Catherine, We have checked this out with the entomologist and she cannot be sure one way or the other. She has advised that they may be her babies, although because the weather has cooled down considerably, it would be normal for the egg sac to wait until Spring to hatch.
Hi Chris, at this time of year, female Golden Orbweavers produce eggs and then die off as the cold weather approaches. You were right to observe that she decreased in size considerably as she offloaded her batch of eggs (which may have been her first or even second batch). One or two batches will be hidden somewhere in foliage at the edge of what was her web. The eggs will hatch in the next few weeks and the spiderlings will disperse to grow throughout spring and summer.
The males of this species are very small and not often seen, and die off much earlier in the year than the females. Some females are still around, but most have died off and the rest will disappear in the next couple of weeks.
Aaron, thanks for the feedback. The abundance of these is likely to be seasonal and linked to the wet summer we have recently experienced, which may have triggered an abundance of food resources. Unfortunately, if it is weather linked, the abundance can't be readily predicted (no more than the weather can, at least)
Hope that is of some help
Thanks for your email. The second webbing of the leaves is probably also an egg sac, as they sometimes lay more than one.
The spider has most likely died by now, as they tend to die off at the end of autumn. In some areas the spiders may survive into winter if the local conditions are warm enough, but in most areas they die off as soon as it gets cold.
The good news is that the spider has left behind a legacy in her egg sacs, which should hatch in a couple of months. The spiders will grow throughout late winter and spring, and start becoming visible in their webs towards the end of the year.
Hi Teresa, thanks for the great feedback. And no, your Golden Orb Weaver does not have OCD! This is one of the characteristics of the Golden Orb Weaver. Check out images on the internet and you will see that this is not unusual.
Please refer to our response on the 27th of March, as it is all explained there. Hope this helps!
Hi Nicholas, Golden Orbweavers are generally considered harmless and there's not usually any need to remove them. In addition, this time of year they are slowly dying out and will disappear completely when the seriously cold weather hits. This species usually lives in northern Victoria and they are not accustomed to the southern Victorian winters.
If you do need to move the spider, it can be placed in a jar by holding the jar over the spider at the front of the web, and using the jar lid to trap the spider from the back of the web. The silk is very strong and may need to be torn by hand. The spider can then be taken to a suitable location and the jar opened and tipped onto the bark of a large tree. Once settled in, the spider will find a good insect-catching location and spin a new web between two trees.
However, the spider may take some time to find a good location and, given the lateness of the season, may not survive long enough to set up a new home.
Hi Kim, we have asked the Live Exhibits Team and they have advised that although the Golden Orb Weaver is a large spider, they are reluctant to bite! The bite, when it does occur, is usually more of a nip than a bite. If your children are happy to watch the spider, and not touch, they should be fine!
We love receiving comments, but can’t always respond.
Hello Marie, Thank you for deciding to use the discovery Centre for your enquiry regarding when the eggs of the golden orb spider hatch. We cannot provide exact information for every species, but generally it appears that the spider lays its eggs in late summer to autumn. During autumn, when the spiderlings emerge, they disperse by ballooning.
Golden Orb-weaving Spiders live on average for about twelve months.
Hi Tamzin, Golden Orbweavers generally live for one year to 18 months, depending on the environmental conditions. For most of this time they are small and not particularly noticeable - it's only as they mature in mid to late summer that they become more obvious. The eggs will remain dormant throughout winter and hatch in early spring.
The following Museum Victoria webpages have information and images relating to your father; Photograph - Brian McHugh, 1990s, CSIRO Division of Radio...
To read the latest tweets from @museumvictoria
Follow Museum Victoria on
This exhibition is really good - go. Hire the audio guide and be prepared for more gold than Tutankhamun. I guarantee you will go home both reflective on the w...
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The 57 Underground gallery in the Pomona Arts Colony is currently showcasing the “Fantasy” exhibit composed of abstract, fantasy and medieval styles of paintings.
The exhibit features four artists Jeanne Anderson, Barbara McLaughlin, Rick McGregor and Mary Hughes.
Paintings range from skeletons with snakes around them and a man lying in a tub, to paintings of women working the fields of Africa.
The 57 Underground gallery is a co-op gallery in Pomona. Each artist is able to display his or her work once a year.
The exhibit had an eclectic assortment of works.
There are other galleries in the building, so there are many different paintings surrounding you.
Although the exhibit is under one title, all four artists have unique styles that make their work identifiable.
A painting created by Hughes has a large tree in the center with hues of blue.
Hughes said she always knew she was going to be an artist.
She has been painting since she was in the fourth grade.
The painting resembles the Awah tree in the movie “Avatar” with its mystical vibe.
Hughes says she likes to hide objects in her paintings so people can find their own meaning to it.
She makes life flow and change within her paintings and that is where her inspiration comes from.
Hughes describes herself as a layerist because she likes the idea of different textures and different techniques.
Anderson lived in Africa for 23 years where she farmed for her food.
Her images show tribal women at work.
One particular painting titled “Kikuyu Woman Carrying Firewood” shows a woman in different tones of brown carrying a large amount of firewood on her back.
The woman is almost tilted forward because the firewood is heavy.
She can identify with the women in her paintings because they carry immense responsibilities in their small communities as she had lived a farmer’s lifestyle in her own homeland.
The paintings are in darker brown tones in contrast with the next set of paintings that are very light and colorful.
McGregor’s paintings have a vibrant mixture of primary colors that include reds, blues, greens and more.
His paintings depict snakes and skulls.
McGregor’s works resemble stained glass windows in catholic churches.
The images illustrate women wearing medieval clothing; a popular theme in his works.
“Rick is elaborately medieval; his work is wonderful, colorful and extremely detailed,” artist Doug Ward said.
McLaughlin’s abstract paintings included black and darker, bold-colored strokes across the image.
In the distance of the picture, the viewer can see an object that appears to be a man. The objects in the shadows of the lines have a brighter color that stand out from the lines.
Ward does not have a favorite, but he likes that each artists has a distinct taste.
The “Fantasy” exhibition will be at the 57 Underground gallery until Oct. 29.
Veronica Rodriguez can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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The Death Pose
When found, many dinosaur fossils display a strange pose: Their necks are bent dramatically backward. Seeing this position, early dinosaur experts concluded that the animals could hold their necks this way in life. But it seems more likely that the pose reflects something that happened after the animal died.
A cord of springy tissue rather like a rubber band helps support the necks of most animals. This band, or ligament, can stretch to nearly twice its length when the neck is extended; it relaxes when the neck is in the neutral state. After an animal dies, the neck muscles slacken, the ligament shrinks and the neck straightens or bends back on itself.
Sauriermuseum Aathal, Urs Moeckli, Switzerland
Diplodocus death pose, Howe Ranch.
Shrinking ligaments have led to some mistaken fossil reconstructions. The sauropod Diplodocus, for example, has often been shown with its head held high, like a giraffe. Scientists now know this was the death pose, not a life pose.
Bending Over Backwards
Some animals can do amazing things with their necks. Because the joint surfaces that let the bones glide over one another--the zygopophyses--are very long in camel neckbones, the animal can touch its head to its back with no risk that its neck vertebrae will slide too far and become dislocated. In sauropods, the zygopophyses are much shorter. A sauropod that tried this move would have dislocated its neck.
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I have a friend who until recently managed a hotel in the West of England. The restaurant at the hotel is Michelin-starred. My friend talked with me some months ago about calls for restaurants to post the calorie-counts of meals on the menu. He’s not keen on the idea, telling me (I paraphrase): “People don’t eat in Michelin-starred restaurants to count calories.” He’s right, of course, but there are other reasons why this practice, all the rage now in New York, is unlikely to do much good. Paradoxically, there is some evidence that it might actually cause harm.
The issues regarding calorie posting in restaurants and fast food joints was well discussed recently in an article that appeared in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition . It describes how the introduction of calorie posting in New York was preceded by a study which found that individuals who noticed the calorie counts of food in a Subway ‘restaurant’ (Subway is, essentially, a sandwich shop), they ate bout 50 calories less than those who had not noticed the calorie postings. But, as the article points out, this does not necessarily mean that posting calories leads to lower consumption. It might be, for example, that ‘calorie-conscious’ people look for calorie counts and were going to choose lower calorie options anyway.
Making calorie posting compulsory in New York has allowed many more studies to be done on the effect of this practice. The result? Most studies show no effect, and when calorie intakes have fallen, the effect has generally been ‘miniscule’. More worrying yet, is the fact that some studies have found that posting calorie counts has led to an increase in consumption. In one study, for instance, labeling led to an increase in calorie consumption in those reporting that they were on a diet! .
The author of the piece in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition speculates on how posting calorie contents of food might actually increase caloric intake.
For example, some individual might naturally over-estimate the calorie contents of foods. Knowing the real (and lower) calorie content might therefore cause them to eat more of it.
Also, some individuals may see similarly priced but higher calorie options as providing better value for money.
The author draws our attention to the fact that calorie-obsessiveness might add to the tendency for some to exhibit ‘irrational, even neurotic, patterns of [eating] behavior’, and that ‘Calorie labeling can potentially amplify such neuroticism, converting eating from a necessary and pleasurable activity to one fraught with anxiety and internal conflict.’
To my mind, though, calorie labeling is a huge retrograde step in that it puts the emphasis on the (calorific) quantity of food as being important, over it’s quality. It reinforces the ideas that all calories have the same weight and health effects in the body (they don’t), and that something low in calories in somehow inherently better than something more calorific.
One disastrous consequence of this obsession with calories has been a general eschewing of fat in favour of carbohydrates. But carbohydrates drive insulin secretion which, among other things, drives deposition of fat in the fat cells. They can also, by promoting inflammation and perhaps other mechanisms, disrupt the function of the hormone leptin, leading to suppression of the metabolism and heightened hunger. Carbohydrate rich foods are not particularly satisfying either, particularly if they lead to drops in blood sugar some time later (which they often do) which can induce ‘false’ hunger and a craving for sweet or starchy foods.
Focus on calories is, if anything, counter-productive for weight control. It’s clearly not part of the solution to the obesity epidemic, despite what some policy-makers like to think.
1. Loewenstein G. Confronting reality: pitfalls of calorie posting. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:679–80
2. Downs JS, et al. Strategies for promoting healthier food choices. Am Econ Rev 2009;99:159–64
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But it’s not just the energy moved by 572 open hoppers, 40 Western coal cars, 250 covered hoppers, or 11 gondolas across 320 route-miles that make R&N move, according to President Wayne Michel. To accomplish its goals, it partners with other regional railroads, short lines, and Class I’s.
It’s also the human energy of the railroad’s roughly 150 full-time employees, and a company commitment to job security that withstood even the Great Recession in 2009. “We don’t like to let good people go,” Michel asserts. “Morale is huge for us.”
The continuous excellence pursued by Pennsylvania’s largest privately owned regional railroad, in operation since 1983, has garnered it Railway Age’s 2011 Regional Railroad of the Year award.
It’s not the first time the Reading & Northern has been recognized for drive. The regional railroad was a winner of the 2010 American Short Line and Regional Association Marketing Awards Competition—“a great honor,” according to CEO Andrew M. Muller, Jr. Railway Age previously honored the Reading & Northern as its 2002 Regional Railroad of the Year, and the award is featured among other citations on the wall of the railroad’s headquarters (and station building) in Port Clinton, Pa.
But don’t expect the railroad to rest on the laurels captured during its first 26 years. “On to the next one,” quipped one company executive, not unkindly, concerning the railroad’s latest honor, indicating awards were a marker of the company’s energy and drive—but not the goal.
Coal still contributes mightily
Indeed, “energy” is and may be a big component of the railroad’s future, much as it has been in the past. “The Road of Anthracite” isn’t just a nod to what was, but reflects a growing business segment, as Asian demand for anthracite begins to strain Asian resources. Reading & Northern, tapping that market demand, has seen anthracite grow from 15% of its business to 23% in 2010. But problems arose in 2008 when such exports, traditionally routed through the Port of Baltimore, were turned away due to port capacity constraints. Nearby ports in Fairless Hills, Pa., and Wilmington, Del., picked up the slack—by truckload.
Reading & Northern quickly entered discussions with port operators Kinder Morgan, in Fairless Hills, and Port Contractors, in Wilmington, and though export coal demand withered in 2009, discussions resumed last year to seek a rail alternative.
The two port operators chose Rail Barge Truck Services (RBT) of Elizabethtown, Ky., in developing a plan to employ large portable undercar conveyors that could move along a string of railcars to handle coal loads. R&N committed to purchasing one unit for Fairless Hills and one for Wilmington.
R&N’s first unit train of coal was received by the Port of Fairless Hills last December, while Wilmington operations commenced last month. “We now have two new export anthracite facilities, and we made the initial investments,” stresses Michel, who anticipates the investment taking the equivalent of 4,000 trucks off the roads in 2011.
Natural gas prospects blossom
Michel is proud of the railroad’s willingness to invest strategically, backed by CEO Muller, even before the need might arise. R&N acquired 150 covered hopper cars for coal “when we didn’t yet have the business.”
About 80 of those cars now are involved in servicing the growing production of natural gas in the region, lying in Marcellus shale underground. Determined once more to be the economical alternative to truck traffic, R&N quickly positioned itself as a supplier of fracking sand and other commodities required for natural gas extraction. It reopened, rehabilitated, and expanded facilities on part of its 80-acre Pittston Yard facility (outside Scranton), and in concert with D&I Silica, put together a transload operation in a few weeks. “We like to make things happen,” Michel says, describing D&I Silica as the “perfect partner” due to its ability to act as a “neutral” party willing to buy and sell sand to all comers.
On Dec. 7, 2009, R&N held a ceremonial opening of its terminal to serve the natural gas business. “There were trucks already lined up for loading,” which commenced at 3:00 a.m. the next day, Michel says.
R&N helped convey 1,400 carloads of sand in its first year of operation, and offers 800 car spots, six times the number of any of the railroad’s competitors. It also offers twice-a-day switching service as a regularly scheduled option, with the capability of even more frequency given customer notice. Michel says nearly 50 acres remain for redevelopment at Pittston Yard, giving the railroad ample room to grow the business still more.
Other customers, other carriers
Energy sectors aside, Reading & Northern prides itself on a fairly diverse customer base, pointing to customers such as International Paper Co., AEP Industries, Inc., which receives large shipments of plastic pellets to produce packaging films, and consumer products giant Proctor & Gamble (which, as it happens, also has a natural gas well in operation on its Pennsylvania property. Pottsville, Pa.-based Yuengling Beer Co., “America’s Oldest Brewery,” has expansion plans in the works that will generate more business for the R&N.
R&N, serving eastern Pennsylvania, interchanges traffic with five other regional or short lines, as well as Norfolk Southern and Canadian Pacific. NS and CP each run one through train per day across R&N’s trunk line. More than 22,000 carloads were handled directly by the Reading & Northern in 2010—most of that interchanged with Norfolk Southern—in addition to more than 60,000 carloads of trackage rights business.
The railroad is ready for more. Right-of-way maintenance is taken seriously; Michel says the railroad has committed $7 million, a mix of its own funds and contributions from the state of Pennsylvania, to upgrade and improve conditions on its system. System capacity is more than adequate. Though R&N has double-tracked portions of its trunk line, stretching from Reading northeast to Scranton, it is eyeing to add more double-track this year by putting additional portions of its railroad back into service. “It’s on our radar,” Michel says.
Passenger excursions promote the railroad locally, and also generate about $1 million in annual revenue, Michel says. This year Reading & Northern plans to offer passenger trips for employees of its freight customers as requested—a public relations plus in showing customers just where the railroad reaches and what it can do.
CEO Andrew Muller notes any future use of the Reading & Northern by intercity, regional, or commuter passenger operators would be considered as another potential customer, presuming R&N’s interests can be kept whole. “We welcome the opportunity to participate and contribute,” says Muller—a contrast from some properties that see passenger operators not as a potential customer but as a problem.
Michel says at least five new development projects are occuring in the regional railroad’s territory, and R&N hopes and expects to serve them with its “mix of Class I efficiency and local flexibility matched to meet short line customer needs.” Those potential customers might check Reading & Northern’s existing clientele; if they do, they’ll discover that they’ll be hard-pressed to find a better transportation option.
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I heartily approve of this use of the Linux swiss-army-knife command,
sed, to “fix” the King James version of the Bible so that it reads as though it was written by HP Lovecraft. This stands as a testament as to just how easily one can mix and match terms from one work of fiction with another work of fiction and still have it fit the mythos you’re expecting it to fit — that is, if you’re in the correct mindset and are looking for similarities. You could probably do the same with Greek mythology, replacing Dionysus and Helios with Jesus, and you’d find enough alike that it would seem uncanny.
An example of the output from this script:
And Korah gathered all the congregation against them unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and the madness of Cthulhu appeared unto all the congregation.
And Cthulhu spake unto Abdul Alhazred and unto Aaron, saying,
Separate yourselves from among this congregation, that I may consume them in a moment.
You’ve probably already read this as this was just linked on Pharyngula. But roughly half of you won’t be able to do it, as you don’t have immediate access to a Linux box. So, I’m volunteering to take requests. Pick your favorite Bible verse, and I’ll give you what it translates as. For instance:
Ge6:7 And Cthulhu said, I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for it repenteth me that I have made them.
Ge28:16 And Jacob awaked out of his sleep, and he said, Surely Cthulhu is in this place; and I knew it not.
Ge28:17 And he was afraid, and said, How dreadful is this place! this is none other but the house of Cthulhu, and this is the gate of R’lyeh.
Fun for the whole family, until we’re Cthulhu food that is. Iä! Iä! Cthulhu Fhtagn!
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Steel, the most commonly used metal in building products today, has long been a staple in commercial construction. Recently, however, it has begun to make strong inroads into the residential building market.
According to the National Association of Home Builders, shipment of light gauge steel for residential, site-built housing grew by nearly 44 percent in 1998. The amount of steel used for framing single-family homes grew by more than 52 percent; the use of steel floor joists increased by 25 percent.
The move to steel in home construction was fueled by rapidly increasing lumber prices and a need to conserve timber products. Builders are discovering other reasons, however, to use lightweight steel studs, joists and beams.
Steel homes use nearly the same framing techniques employed in wood-framed buildings, and construction costs run about the same. Unlike wood, however, steel is impervious to termites. It provides added resistance to fire and earthquake. Steel ceiling joists can span greater distances than wooden ones, allowing new design possibilities for architects and builders.
One word of caution: building a home with steel can be less energy efficient than building with wood, so extra care needs to be taken to insulate. Because metal transfers heat and cold much more readily than wood - 400 times more readily - steel studs can create "thermal bridges" to the outside of the house. To stop this transfer of heat, contractors should wrap steel framing with insulating board (or rigid insulation) in addition to placing conventional batts of insulation between the studs.
Steel is also highly recyclable, and many dealers buy used steel as scrap. Nearly 70 million tons were recycled in 1998 - from cans to cars, from appliances to steel girders in skyscrapers and bridges. Steel is America's most recycled product, with an overall recycling rate of 63.8 percent.
Steelmaking is an energy-intensive industry that begins with mining iron ore, smelting it, transporting it, melting it down with other alloys and finally milling it so it can be turned into finished products. Reusing old steel not only saves energy and natural resources, it lowers the total cost of producing new steel.
Steel mills use one of two types of furnaces to make new steel. Both furnaces recycle old steel products into new steel, but each is used to create different products for varied applications.
- The first, the basic oxygen furnace, uses a minimum of 25 percent steel scrap to make new steel. This furnace produces the steel used in flat-rolled steel products, like cans, appliances, automobiles and steel framing.
- The other type of steelmaking furnace, the electric arc furnace, melts virtually 100 percent steel scrap to make new steel. This steel is used primarily to make products that are long shapes, like steel plate, rebar and structural beams.
The Steel Recycling Institute says recycling saves enough energy annually to electrically power 18 million homes for the year. Reusing a ton of steel - the amount in the average car - saves 2,500 pounds of iron ore, 1,400 pounds of coal and 120 pounds of limestone.
People concerned about using natural resources wisely can purchase salvaged steel from scrap dealers, and new steel with a verified recycled content of 30 percent or greater is now available in the United States. These sources of steel may be appropriate for some nonstructural construction uses.
Health Problems with Steel
Indoor air pollution is not a problem with steel. The only exceptions are when exposed metal requires polishing, cleaning, or repainting; fortunately, this can be done with low-toxic or non-toxic products.
On rare occasions, homes in which thermal bridges remain intact can have problems with mold, especially in colder climates. In the worst case scenario, moisture condenses on the cold areas of the wallboard directly over uninsulated steel studs. On the interior walls, these cold spots develop into darker areas called "ghost marks" where dust and mold accumulate along the colder, damp stud lines. Adding insulation to the outside of the home usually solves this problem.
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President's House work
Standing in an excavation pit 10 feet below ground level, archaeologist Jed Levin yesterday showed off the first finds of a weeks-long dig at the site where President George Washington once lived with his family and nine slaves.
"Hercules would have cooked here," Levin, of the National Park Service, said of Washington's renowned — and enslaved — chef, as he pointed to the remains of an L-shaped stone foundation wall, which outlined the kitchen's boundaries.
Most amazing, Levin said, was that archaeologists — through actual digging at the site, not from reading any written document — learned firsthand last week that the one-story kitchen, a separate building behind the President's House, also had a basement.
The National Park Service, working with a local team of archaeologists from URS Corp., has been quietly excavating the site at 6th and Market streets on Independence Mall since ground was broken March 21.
The goal, Levin said, has been to find the actual remains of the President's House — where George Washington, then John Adams, lived and conducted executive business from 1790 to 1800. Archaeologists also want to learn about life here 200 years ago.
A week ago, the crew hit "pay dirt" — actual remains of the President's House.
Walking around the 60-by-90-square-foot pit, Levin, surrounded by URS workers digging with trowels, showed other clues into Washington and Adams' lives. Adams, in contrast to Washington, did not keep slaves.
"We think this deep part was a cold cellar, like a root cellar," Levin said, peering into a deep hole by the rear of the kitchen's basement. "Way before they had refrigeration," people would store their vegetables in the ground to keep them cool.
And this, he said, pointing to the top of a round, brick-lined structure was likely an outhouse, a privy, or as they also used to call it back then — "a necessary," he said.
Privies are "like time capsules," he said. Since there was no trash collection in the 18th century, they were also the place to dump your chicken bones, broken ceramic plates and other garbage, he said.
And over there, he said, pointing to the top of another stone wall, is the rear foundation wall of the President's House. It was on that stone wall, first exposed by Matt Olson, 22, a URS field technician who graduated from Temple University last year, that Levin found an 1833 large copper one-cent coin with Lady Liberty on its face.
"You can imagine a workman," Levin said. "I think he may have purposely put a new penny down" on the wall in 1833 after the President's House was knocked down in 1832 to give a hint to future generations of when the demolition took place and new construction began.
Small retail stores, including a clothing store, were constructed on the site beginning in 1832 or 1833, he said. Those stores were demolished in 1952.
Above the excavation pit, visitors watched the archaeological work-in-progress yesterday from a wooden viewing platform.
Some got to hear Patrice Jeppson, a historical archaeologist and a volunteer at the park service's Independence Living History Center, explain what was going on. This site, next to the present-day Liberty Bell Center, was a symbol both of our nation's freedom and of enslavement, she said.
Here, Washington signed the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, which made it a crime to aid a slave's escape and mandated the return of slaves to their owners.
Shamyra Gunn, 24, said after listening to Jeppson:
"I really think this is amazing to know we're standing in history, where slaves were, where our president was."
The viewing platform is open from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday to Friday. Excavation is to continue through the end of this month.
Artifacts, including the 1833 coin, are to be housed at the Independence Living History Center (143 S. 3rd St.).
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The rise of the social web marks a technology shift in the evolution of the web. But as interesting as the technology shift has been the cultural shift that has accompanied it, where activities that were traditionally considered private have increasingly become public. People who had previously written in a journal, kept family photo albums, and talked to their friends by phone or e-mail are now increasingly writing blogs, posting their photos on public photo sharing sites, and having conversations via public wall posts on social networks.
The result of this is that the web has become home to a mass archive of human communication and sentiment, containing large amounts of valuable information that are not well handled by traditional methods of retrieval and presentation. While the data is now available to answer queries like "how did the U.S. feel when Obama was elected?", search engines don't currently handle queries like this well.
Our research in this area involves extraction and visualization of sentiment data from the social web, and in building interfaces for real-time querying, analysis, and presentation of social and emotional data.
The key projects that we have done in this area are We Feel Fine, a system that crawls the world's blogs every minute, and extracts sentences that contain the words "I feel" or "I am feeling", and I Want You To Want Me, a system that continuously crawls online dating sites for expressions of self-definition and desire.
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In mid-September, two of the loudest personalities in Catholicism today -- Cardinal Timothy Dolan of New York and comedian/faux political pundit Stephen Colbert -- gathered for an intimate discussion of faith and humor with students at Fordham University in the Bronx, N.Y.
By all accounts, the forum at Fordham was a success, with The New York Times deeming it "the most successful Roman Catholic youth evangelization event since Pope John Paul II last appeared at World Youth Day," as the church met young Catholics where they are -- tweeting, laughing and, of course, watching Colbert.
As it so happens, those are the same places you can find Jesuit Fr. James Martin, who was also in the middle of the Fordham scene -- literally seated between the cardinal and Colbert, moderating the conversation but also playing a key role in helping two Fordham professors set the whole thing up.
In calling the night the essence of the new evangelization, Dolan described the type of ministry Martin practices each day -- online, on TV and on the altar.
Finding God in all places
Already an author of nine books, Martin's latest project has him exploring the life of Christ through textual study, spirituality and his 2011 pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
"I would spend 24 hours a day working on this if I could," Martin, 51, recently told NCR.
Unfortunately, his days offer no such luxury. Simply put, Martin is busy spreading the faith -- everywhere.
A contributing editor at America magazine, Martin blogs and writes for the weekly, all while interacting daily with his many Facebook and Twitter followers. In April his hashtag #WhatSistersMeanToMe -- a way for people to show support for U.S. women religious under Vatican investigation -- gained attention among the national media who frequently turn to him as a source or guest commentator. His media appearances have ranged from "The O'Reilly Factor," MSNBC and the BBC, to the History Channel, PBS, Vatican Radio and Comedy Central's "The Colbert Report," where he serves as the show's official chaplain.
"It's a great way of evangelizing," Martin said. "I reach more people in those five to 10 minutes that I'm on his show than I would in a year of homilies."
Martin's amiable media persona partially developed with the help of former America editor Jesuit Fr. Tom Reese, who said, "It's rare that you find somebody who has a business background, is artistically sensitive, is concerned about social justice and spirituality and movies and Broadway. ... I mean he's like the Renaissance man."
But for Martin, the media spotlight isn't on him, but rather on his ministry. He often says that Jesus used the medium of the parable, so we should use every tool available in today's evangelization.
That perspective has led him to delve into a diverse landscape: writing, blogging and vlogging about his experiences with Ground Zero workers; delivering his favorite jokes in a "Forty Days of Funny" online series promoting the paperback debut of his book Between Heaven and Mirth: Why Joy, Humor, and Laughter Are at the Heart of the Spiritual Life; and even daring to compare and contrast Jesus with actress Lindsay Lohan .
"I think God would be fairly disappointed in us if we didn't use every means of pop culture to try to spread the good news," Martin said.
A 'unique, fun voice'
While he is certainly not the only priest tweeting or talking the faith through the language of pop culture, Martin is arguably the most visible, and possibly the most skilled.
"I thought he could do the media stuff very well. I never dreamed he would become as prominent and articulate and good at it as he has," Reese said.
Part of what makes Martin is his voice -- humorous and insightful, but above all relatable.
"There's a humility about him and kind of a self-deprecation that is very refreshing. I don't think Jim takes himself too seriously," said Sr. Janice Farnham, a friend and former professor of Martin's at Weston Jesuit School of Theology (now part of Boston College) in Cambridge, Mass.
"He is happily a priest, one who wears his Roman collar not as a sign of authority, but of service," said Farnham, a Religious of Jesus and Mary in Arlington, Mass.
Presenting complex Catholic theology in a digestible but not watered-down way is often a stumbling block for Catholic authors, said Jesuit Fr. Walter Modrys, but that "is not true with Jim," with whom he worked while pastor at St. Ignatius Loyola Parish in Manhattan, N.Y.
"His talent is he can take a difficult concept, say from Ignatian spirituality or problematic situations in the church, and speak about them in a way that is very accessible to people who don't have a particular theological background," he said.
Accessibility defines Martin's books -- The Jesuit Guide to (Almost) Everything: A Spirituality for Real Life alone has sold 150,000-plus copies; Between Heaven and Mirth well over 70,000.
"He's just got a very unique, fun voice, a way to appeal not just to Catholics but wider audiences," said Mark Tauber, senior vice president and publisher at HarperOne, which printed The Jesuit Guide and Between Heaven and Mirth.
Reading a chapter in one of Martin's books equates to reading a chapter of his life. Such is the case with his latest project -- before making his Holy Land pilgrimage, Martin hesitated, fearing it had become a tourist destination. But seeing the Sea of Galilee largely unchanged from Jesus' time was overwhelming.
"I could have died in Galilee and have been happy, and could have said, 'I've seen all I've ever wanted to see,' " he told NCR.
Through personal tales like these and often with a laugh, Martin's writing voice becomes a reader's friend, not talking authoritatively but walking alongside through theology and spirituality.
"I always think of myself at 26," Martin said. "I didn't know who St. Ignatius Loyola was. I didn't know literally -- I mean literally -- what a Jesuit was."
At 26, Martin wasn't a Jesuit, but a budding financial executive at General Electric, mostly in New York, and a business graduate of the Wharton School in Philadelphia.
Miserable in the quest for more money, Martin found his vocational calling in much the same way people today find him -- through the media, in his case a PBS special on Trappist monk Thomas Merton.
"I always say if it weren't for TV, I wouldn't be a Jesuit priest," he said.
Though raised Catholic along with his younger sister, Carolyn, Martin didn't grow up in a devout household -- he went to Mass and Sunday classes but attended public schools, while a mail-order St. Jude statue in his underwear drawer would hear his prayers.
The documentary would reroute Martin, detouring him from corporate America to the Society of Jesus a year later, exchanging a profit-driven life for one of poverty.
His path to his final vows in 2009 would resemble nothing like a straight line, but rather an example of "God's relentlessness and also his creativity," often doubling back to blend his old life with his new calling.
Martin's regency in Kenya with the Jesuit Refugee Service had him applying his Wharton/GE background to provide women in the Nairobi slums small grants to start their own businesses, an experience Martin still calls "the best job I've ever had, bar none."
And when his provincial in 1994 stalled his theological studies a year -- devastating news that almost led Martin out of the society -- he ended up at America.
"Had I not been obedient, I wouldn't be as happy as I am today, and as productive as I am today," Martin said.
Martin's post at America, where he returned as associate editor in 1999, put him on many media radars, but for some, it was his own passion for the saints that launched him into a prominent Catholic figure.
His memoir My Life With the Saints was a way to share his love of the saints with others, inviting them to revisit the unique stories of people "often thought of as almost otherworldly," Martin told NCR.
Farnham said My Life With the Saints, published by Loyola Press and selling more than 100,000 copies, showed he could communicate church teachings in an appealing way to all people, a skill noted not just within the church, but outside it as well.
"Anyone who could do a book called My Life With the Saints and make it sell like it did had something unique going," HarperOne's Tauber said.
Approaching Martin to publish his future books, the secular publishing house would allow him to extend his platform even further, a range Farnham realized when she began receiving calls and emails from around the globe asking, "Are you the Sister Janice in this book?"
"And I thought, my goodness, this book has made it all around, he really is known everywhere," she said.
Beyond the books and media appearances, Martin is still, first and foremost, a priest. He remains in the regular rotation of Masses at St. Ignatius. He hears confessions, leads retreats and offers spiritual direction.
A self-described Francophile, Martin has accompanied the Knights of Malta on several of their annual pilgrimages to Lourdes. He's even a member of the Labyrinth Theater Company, which he advised on an off-Broadway play called "The Last Days of Judas Iscariot," directed by Philip Seymour Hoffman and the subject of Martin's book A Jesuit Off-Broadway: Behind the Scenes With Faith, Doubt, Forgiveness, and More.
Fellow Jesuit and close friend Fr. George Williams said Martin's public ministry success comes from the same qualities that make him a good and holy priest: "He's a very prayerful person, he's very faithful, he's deeply spiritual, and he brings with that a sense of humor, both in ministry and in his personal life."
More than anything, he remains the same person, on- or off-screen.
"He is who he is, there's not like a public Jim Martin and a private Jim Martin. I think what you see on TV is genuine," Williams said.
"If you only knew Jim Martin through his books, and then you met Jim Martin, you would say, 'Yeah, this is Jim Martin.' You wouldn't say, 'I can't believe this is the guy that wrote those books,' " Modrys said.
Farnham, too, sees a single Jim Martin, and counts herself among Martin's "800 close friends." She is eager to share that Martin still calls his mother every day and brings her to his public appearances, including the Fordham event. And each Lent, Martin calls his college friends, who continue a tradition of deciding what he'll give up each year.
"There aren't two Jims, or five Jims or 10 Jims. ... He is growing into who God is shaping him to be," Farnham said.
"He loves being a Jesuit, he loves being a priest, he loves being a public figure. He has just found his stride," she said.
[Brian Roewe is an NCR Bertelsen intern. His email address is firstname.lastname@example.org.]
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Today’s post is another guest post from our good friend, James R. Dennis, O.P. James is a Dominican brother who practices law in San Antonio and is a member of St. Luke’s Episcopal Church in San Antonio.. He frequently teaches and writes on spirituality, church history and Christianity in the world today.
In my home, I grew up believing there were four High Holy Days of the year, consisting of the Sunday of: the Augusta National Invitational (generally known as, the “Masters”), the U.S. Open, the British Open and the PGA. One of them, the Sunday round of the U.S. Open, always falls on Father’s Day. On Father’s Day, more than most other days, I think of the question that folks sometimes ask me, “If you could have anything in the world that you wanted, what would that be?” My answer is always the same: one more round of golf with my Dad.
My first recollection is of going to the golf course with my father. I couldn’t have been more than two or three years old, but still remember the smell of freshly cut grass. I’m one of the kids who grew up on the back of a golf cart.
At around the same time, my family was building our first house. My father made the carpenters leave a row of nails at around 3 feet high. Every day, when my father got off from work, he would take me to our new house, and I would hammer the nails in, so that I could feel like I had a part in building our house. My father could not have said any more clearly to me: “You matter. You are important, and have a critical role to play here.”
Years later, my father would drop my brother Patrick and me off at the golf course while it was still dark outside. Those may still be my happiest memories. In the half light of a West Texas morning I learned that family mattered, that golf mattered, and that my brother mattered. The latter took a while to sink in….
I also dearly love the conspiratorial bond that my father and I developed. For example, my mother hated guns. On my ninth birthday, after considerable unseemly begging, my father bought a .22 for me. On our way home from the gun shop, my Dad looked at me and told me that “You don’t have to tell your mother everything you know about.” He was a man of considerable wisdom.
Not long after that, my grandfather died. I remember sitting next to my father in that small church in Rotan,Texas. My father wore sunglasses throughout the service, so that no one could see that he was crying. The boy who held his hand throughout the service could see those tears, however. In some sense, that was an honor reserved for those he valued. I was his son and he was my father. He told me once that the process of elimination was no way to live my life. He was right.
When my father died, I gave his eulogy. I was gravitationally compelled to recall Dylan Thomas’ eulogy of his own father:
“And you, my father, on that sad height
Curse, bless me now with your fierce tears I pray
Do not go gentle into that good night.”
There is something sacred about our fathers. Scripture recognizes this in so many important ways. When the disciples asked Jesus how to pray, he taught them to begin “Our Father….” I don’t think there’s anything accidental about that. John reports that Jesus said: “I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me. If you know me, you will know my Father also. From now on you do know him and have seen him.” John 14.6-7. Why did Jesus so often refer to God as “the Father”? I don’t think there’s anything sexist going on here. Rather, I think there’s a sacred recognition of what goes on between fathers and their children.
I have no intention of minimizing the roles of our mothers. In fact, I grew up thinking of the Church as Holy Mother. I do intend, however, to raise up our fathers as people worthy our recollection and of fatherhood as a role worth honoring. I don’t think of our family lives, or of our church lives, as a zero sum game. I think we can honor our fathers without minimizing our mothers. In fact, I think we are morally and scripturally compelled to do so.
It is no coincidence that when he hung on the cross, betrayed by friends and compelled to His humanity in a sacrificial incarnation, Jesus cried out, “Abba, Abba.” The closest translation of that word is “Daddy.” When I am alone, when I am feeling weak, I often ask for my father’s help, as well as my Father’s help. The cry for Daddy comes to us early in our lives, and we ought to remember those who so often answered it.
God has treated me better than I deserved. Just as He gave me my own father, he has given me spiritual fathers who helped teach me about the things that matter.
The first of these, a priest named Joseph Armshaw, served in my parish in Odessa. He helped me learn that we could meet God’s children in ways and places that we never expected, and that God’s love for us could manifest itself in liturgy and in thoughtful discussion. He loved his parish, and more importantly, he loved his parishioners.
Somehow, I forgot those things for several years. A long time later, I was reminded how God could reveal himself to us through spiritual fatherhood. Two bishops named John MacNaughton and Robert Hibbs reminded me that our lives were sacred….particularly, that my life could be sacred, if I were willing. In a devout and caring way, they reminded me that the process of elimination was no way to live my life. As with so many of the men who have shown me what fatherhood means, they lent me some comfort and strength. I hope in some way these remarks will tell these men: “Thanks.”
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Released: September 10, 1998
GOP Image Improves, But Congressional Race Remains Close
Clinton Ratings Still Buoy Democrats
About this Survey
Results for the survey are based on telephone interviews conducted under the direction of Princeton Survey Research Associates among a nationwide sample of 2,266 adults, 18 years of age or older, during the period August 27 – September 8, 1998. The sample included 1,754 registered voters and 838 likely voters. For results based on the total sample, one can say with 95% confidence that the error attributable to sampling and other random effects is plus or minus 2.5 percentage points. For results based on either Form 1 (N=1131) or Form 2 (N=1135), the sampling error is plus or minus 3.5 percentage points.
In addition to sampling error, one should bear in mind that question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of opinion polls.
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I first learned of Mary Bowser while researching my doctoral dissertation on African American literature, when I read a few sentences about her espionage in A Shining Thread of Hope: The History of Black Women in America, by Darlene Clark Hine and Kathleen Thompson. This brief account immediately sparked my interest: How did Mary Bowser come to play such an amazing role in the Civil War? What was the emotional cost for an educated African American pretending to be a purportedly ignorant slave? How did the unusual relationship between Mary and Bet affect both women?
This novel gave me an opportunity to answer those questions. It also provided me with a chance to explore the significant roles African Americans played in abolition and to understand the conflicts that arose among anti-slavery advocates of both races, who often disagreed about what were the expedient and morally correct actions to take to end slavery. I savored the chance to learn about urban slavery in industrialized Richmond and free black life in Philadelphia. Even the Civil War—which I admit always seemed rather dull when I had to study it in school—suddenly became fascinating as I delved beyond the names of the battles to understand the daily experiences of enslaved and free blacks, as well as pro-Union and pro-Confederate white Southerners, as they lived through our nation's most awful years.
This book that began with questions now ends with still more questions, ones you can use to guide your own discussions about Mary, Bet, and the other characters who played such remarkable roles in American history.
1. The novel opens with two epigrams, one from Ralph Waldo Emerson and the other from Maria Stewart. What specific aspects of Mary's life confirm Emerson's belief that all of history is in one person, and that each person's life reflects national crises? Stewart, who was herself a black abolitionist, wondered if a woman might be the one to end slavery. In what ways does being female allow Mary and Bet to take on their great roles in history?
2. Often when we think of slavery, we think of plantations. How does slavery in Richmond differ from plantation slavery? How is it similar? What did you find most surprising about the lives of slaves and of free blacks in Richmond?
3. Though both of Mary's parents were born in slavery, their experiences of slavery were quite different: her mother was raised in New York, was taught to read, and worked as a house slave; her father was born on a plantation and performed skilled labor at the smithy. How do these differences shape the characters?
4. When Bet frees her slaves, Mary and her parents face a difficult choice because of Virginia law. Was Bet being selfish and headstrong when she chose to emancipate the Van Lew slaves without considering how being forced out of the community would affect them? Or was she doing the right thing by letting Mary's family and the other freed slaves decide on their own what to do?
5. Mary knows almost nothing about what Northern life is like when her parents decide to send her to Pennsylvania. What are the biggest surprises for Mary—and for you as a reader—about life in Philadelphia in the decade before the Civil War?
6. When we read the novel, we already know that during the war Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation, and that after the Union victory, all the slaves become free. But Mary chooses to walk back into slavery without knowing for sure that these things will happen. Why does she make this choice? How does living free in Philadelphia shape her willingness to return to slavery in Richmond?
7. The Civil War was the bloodiest conflict in American history. The violence that marked the era erupts in very personal ways at numerous points in the novel: when Mary learns the story of the fugitive slave whom she and McNiven transport to New Jersey; when the Philadelphia abolitionists respond to John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry; when Mary and Wilson learn about McNiven's participation in planning the explosion at the Confederate ammunition factory; and when a Confederate soldier threatens Bet's life. Ultimately, what do you think about the use of violence to right a deep wrong, such as slavery? Is it always justified, never justified, or, if it depends on the circumstances, what sort of circumstances justify intentionally killing someone else?
8. Mary admits to Wilson that she feels responsible for her father's death. Do you agree? Was she wrong to stay in Richmond to continue her spying rather than saving her only blood relative?
9. Mary's mother is certain that Jesus has a plan for her daughter. At times, Mary seems to share this belief, but at other times she doubts it. Wilson says her spying is the right thing to do, regardless. Do you think it matters whether Mary is choosing for herself to be a spy or whether she is fulfilling a plan that someone else—her mother, Bet, McNiven, or even Jesus—has for her?
10. Theodore and Wilson are very different. What attracts Mary to each of them? What attracts them to her? Do you see ways that her experience of being courted by Theodore affects her relationship with Wilson?
11. Over the course of the novel, Mary learns to trust a series of white people: Zinnie Moore, Thomas McNiven, Bet Van Lew, and Bet's mother. What are the qualities that Mary finds easiest to trust in each, and what are the things that challenge her trust? Why does she need to learn to rely on people who are so different from each other as well as from her? What does each of these characters learn from Mary?
12. The American playwright Eugene O'Neill wrote, "The past is the present, isn't it? It's the future, too." What does America today share with the past depicted in the novel? Do slavery and the Civil War still affect us?
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Suppose you're devising a logo for a new wing of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, an office charged with developing intelligence tools and integrating the government's existing surveillance networks. Suppose that it has a vaguely sinister name—say, the Information Awareness Office—and that it's to be run by a former Iran-contra conspirator. What would your design be?
If you work for the actual Information Awareness Office, created earlier this year with one-time National Security Adviser John Poindexter at its helm, you'd depict a Masonic eye-in-the-pyramid blasting a sci-fi death ray across the globe. If you wanted to play on the fears of every paranoiac in the country, you couldn't do much better than the IAO's logo, on display at the Office's site. (That's where we got this low-resolution graphic, after DARPA stonewalled our attempts to secure a high-resolution version. Hmmm...)
Another agency may be trying to outdo the IAO. The Patent and Trademark Office's symbol for homeland security is an eyeball floating behind a keyhole, with an upside-down flag in the background. If a dissident Web site put up a picture like that, it would be accused of fomenting panic.
Semiotically speaking, this is the most inept administration in years. Either that, or its art department is trying to tell us something.
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Lots of must-read stuff in today’s issue of Nature Geoscience, including a correspondence on “Biogenicity of Apex Chert microfossils.
3… There’s also a letter on the origins of Titan’s atmosphere, in which the authors claim the source of N2 in the impacts. They make these claims based on impact simulations that show NH4 could have been converted to N2.
2… Another Nature Geosciences letter, this one on potential false positives in the search for the earliest life on Earth. This work relates to apatite-associated graphite with low carbon isotope ratios. These pieces of evidence have been used before in the search for the most ancient record of life on Earth. The problem is… in this case, the material is non-biogenic, and formed around a billion years after the host rock.
1… One more letter, this one open-access, on the potential role of microbial mats in the evolution of mobile animals. This is just fascinating stuff. The paper argues that microbial mats provided both a food and oxygen source to the first mobile animals – animals that would have developed on a relatively low-O2 planet. Because animals combine O2 and food for energy to do things (like move), this makes for a very self-consistent story.
Launch… and land!!
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Zooarchaeological studies seek to determine, among other things, what species of creatures the people who lived at a particular archaeological site ate and used. How important were migratory waterfowl in the diet of prehistoric peoples living in what is now the state of Georgia?
Undisturbed archaeological sediments and remains include invisible chemical and physical clues to the past. Scientists studying ice cores from Antarctica and Greenland have analyzed the oxygen isotopes in small air bubbles contained in ice cores from ice that was formed thousands of years ago. They have found that the Earth underwent abrupt climate change between 14,700 and 14,500 years ago.
This week our federal government released a report on global climate change that says in part, “Likely future changes for the United States and surrounding coastal waters include more intense hurricanes with related increases in wind, rain, and storm surges (but not necessarily an increase in the number of these storms that make landfall), as well as drier conditions in the Southwest and Caribbean.” These changes will affect Georgia’s archaeological heritage.
This duck lives in Atlanta’s Piedmont Park, but it is not native to North America, although it is native to the New World. It’s a non-migratory species commonly called a Muscovy duck. Read more and decide if this Muscovy duck is an introduced species or an invasive species.
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Christ The Source of Wisdom, Righteousness, Sanctification, and Redemption.
But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who, of God, is made unto us wisdom, righteousness, sanctiflcation, and redemption: That, according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord. — 1 Corinthians i:30, 31.
The Greeks, who lived in apostolic times, like their ancestors, were distinguished by a love of philosophy and eloquence. They cultivated their mental powers, and made rich acquisitions in the wisdom of this world. "Whatever subject was presented for their consideration, they submitted to the scrutiny of acute investigation. Hence, when Paul visited Corinth, and proclaimed the doctrine of Christ crucified, that doctrine was rigidly examined and pronounced foolishness — a fact which shows that there is not a necessary connection between intellectual culture and correct moral perception. A majority of the Corinthians rejected the Gospel. Some, however, gave it a cordial reception, and were organized into a church of Christ. To this church the words of the text were addressed. The object of the
Apostle was to remind his brethren that Divine agency, and not human philosophy, had effected their salvation. "Ye are in Christ Jesus." How is this? " Of him are ye in Christ Jesus. "By God's power and grace you have been united to Christ. You are spiritually allied to Christ and he is made to you wisdom, righteousness, santification, and redemption. In discussing this subject I shall observe the following order:
I. Christ is to Believers the Source of Wisdom.
This implies that before they exercise faith in him they are in a state of moral ignorance. Who can dispute this? Not one. All men in their unrenewed state, are in a state of spiritual darkness. There is a recognition of this truth in the language of Jesus: "I am come as a light into the world, that whosoever believeth in me, should not abide in darkness." It is said, also, "Except a man be born again he can not see the kingdom of God." Why can he not see the kingdom? Because he is in darkness. Paul was sent to the Gentiles "to turn them from darkness to light." The same Apostle said to the Ephesians, "Ye were once darkness, but are now light in the Lord." In these passages the term darkness is used figuratively to denote moral ignorance, ignorance of Divine things; and let me remind you that this ignorance is not confined to those who are, in other respects, ignorant. It may exist in connection with intellectual greatness and knowledge, which com-
mand the admiration of the world. How many men of transcendent mental powers, and extensive intelligence, are rebels against God! Who has soared higher in the regions of intellectuality than Byron? And who has been enveloped in deeper moral darkness? And there is Satan, who holds a mental pre-eminence among the enemies of Jehovah. Though the thunders of Divine wrath are ever rolling over him, he is, intellectually considered, illustrious in his misery, and majestic in his ruin. Notwithstanding his mental superiority, he does not love God; he has no relish for spiritual objects; his moral powers are completely under the influence of the most awful depravity. You perceive that moral ignorance may coexist with every species of intelligence which involves the exercise of the intellect alone. Now, as all men are ignorant of God and Divine things, Christ, in accomplishing the work of salvation, dissipates this ignorance and communicates wisdom. The text says," He is made to us wisdom." That is, he is the source whence we derive spiritual wisdom. He teaches:
1. By his Word. — The Bible is given us through the mediation of Jesus. He is the great Teacher, and his instructions are treasured up in his Word. By virtue of his prophetical office, "holy men spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit." In him are "all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge." From the revelation he has given us, we learn that we are in a lost condition; that God is merciful; that an atonement has been
made; that sinners can be justified and saved from the wrath to come.
2. He teaches by his Spirit. — The "Word is the sword of the Spirit — the instrument the Spirit employs. He, by means of the Word, illumines the dark mind — opens the eyes of the understanding — rectifies the will — regulates the exercise of the affections, and makes the subject of his operation wise unto salvation. He glorifies Christ; for he takes of the things that are Christ's and shows them to the soul. "God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, shines in the heart to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ." When this is done, moral darkness is dispelled, and Christ "is made of God wisdom" to those believing in him.
II. Christ is Made Righteousness or Justification.
This means that God regards us as righteous or justified through the merits of Jesus Christ. This implies that we ourselves are guilty — condemned. This will be admitted. There are but two kinds of justification, legal and evangelical. If a man perfectly obeys the law of God, he has a legal justification — that is, the law lays nothing to his charge. Of this species of justification, however, we need not speak, for there is no example of it to be found in the race of Adam. A violator of the law must be justified evangelically, or remain condemned. God, in his wisdom and benevo-
lence, has so arranged the scheme of redemption, that when a sinner believes in Christ, he is justified, or accounted righteous. Christ was "made sin for us that we might be made the righteousness of God in him." He was treated for our sakes as if he had been a sinner, and we are treated for his sake as if we were righteous. "He is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth." Those who believe in Jesus may exultingly say, "He is our rightousness — we are justified through him; on the basis of his merits we stand accepted before God." Well did Paul cry in a tone of holy defiance, "Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. "Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again." Justification through Christ is so complete that no charge can be brought against the justified. They are "complete in him." God, in the justification of believers, gives them a full acquittal from the condemnation of the law; and as this is done for Jesus' sake, he is made to them righteousness.
III. Christ is made Sanctification.
While justification implies previous condemnation, from which it is a deliverance, sanctification indicates previous pollution, from which it cleanses. Man is not only guilty, but depraved. He, therefore, needs to be sanctified as well as justified. To effect his salvation something must be done in him as well as for him. The term
sanctification is probably used in the text to denote the entire process by which the depravity of the heart is overcome and its defilement removed. The power which does this emanates from Jesus Christ. The grace bestowed is given through him. The blood that cleanses is his blood. I need scarcely say, that many passages of Scripture represent the blood of Christ as possessed of a purifying quality. The redeemed in heaven are said to have "washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb." This shows that their sanctification was secured through the blood of Jesus. He was made to them sanctification. And it is a delightful thought that there is in our Redeemer's blood sanctifying virtue sufficient for all who believe in him. The process of moral purification is going on in the justified, and they will, ere long, appear before the throne as immaculate as the angels of light. Then will it be seen most clearly that Christ was made to them sanctification.
IIII. Christ is Made Redemption.
We were in bondage — in bondage to sin — in bondage to our own lusts and passions. Christ redeems us from this bondage — liberates from the thraldom of iniquity — breaks the chain of our lusts, and releases us from the power of our corruptions.
We were in captivity to Satan — taken captive by him at his will. Jesus ransoms us from the tyranny of the devil — binds the strong man and
divides the spoil. We were under the curse of the law. Jesus redeems us from that curse, being made a curse for us. As rebels against God we were on the verge of perdition, exposed to everlasting burnings. Jesus interposes, and says, "Deliver them from going down to the pit: I have found a ransom."
And he will redeem his followers from the grave. Their bodies, though they return to their native dust, will be reanimated and raised up. The Omnipotent Redeemer will utter his voice at the resurrection, and forms numerous as the stars, bright as the sun and beauteous as heaven will emerge from the darkness and ruins of the grave. Then will all the redeemed exalt Christ as the source of wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, etc.; and gather round the throne, and turning their admiring eyes to Christ, will say, " Thou hast redeemed us by thy blood." How clearly will it be seen in the light of heaven that Jesus is made to his disciples redemption.
V.Our Glorying Should be Only in the Lord.
This is so evident that no argumentation can make it more so. We have of ourselves no wisdom, no righteousness, no sanctification, no redemption. We find all in Christ. He is the Alpha and the Omega of our salvation. He is all in all. Contemplate him as your wisdom, and you hear a voice saying, "He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord." Consider him as your righteousness, and the same accents fall on your
ears, "He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord."View him as your sanctification, and still it is said, "He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord." See in him your redemption, and the language recurs in its sublime sameness, "He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord." The fact that Christ is "made to us wisdom, righteousness, sanctification and redemption," should abase us in the dust, crucify our pride, destroy all self-complacency, and allow no words to escape our lips, but "Worthy is the Lamb."
[From J. M. Pendleton, Short Sermons on Important Subjects, 1859. This book is from Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary Library, Wake Forest, NC via ILL through Boone County Public Library, Burlington, KY. - Jim Duvall]
Baptist History Homepage
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Fixed or Hang-on Treestand
A fixed or hang-on type stand can be attached to a tree at any height. It consists of a seat and a platform, along with straps and/or chains to attach the stand. A hunter's movement in this stand is very limited, and it requires a ladder or steps for access. Make sure the attaching straps or chains are tight and secure or the stand could slip when weight is applied to the platform.
Safety Tips for Fixed / Hang-on Stands:
- ALWAYS use a climbing / lineman's belt when installing or removing a fixed position stand and also while ascending or descending the tree.
- NEVER support your weight with a tree limb. Tree limbs can break causing you to fall.
- Always test the stand to be sure it is secure before climbing into it
- Never use wood steps attached to the tree with nails or spikes.
- Avoid using screw-in steps, as they can be more dangerous than other climbing aides. They are also illegal in some states. Know the law!
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< Previous Page
Wenatchee, Wash. • A haze of thick smoke formed Tuesday over vast swaths of the West as wildfires forced more residents to flee their homes in several states.
Fire officials reported seven homes were destroyed and hundreds of people were evacuated near Casper, Wyo., where a wildfire has burned across almost 24 square miles. In western Montana, fire crews said there was no containment in sight for a blaze that has prompted an evacuation order for 400 houses west of Hamilton.
With winds dying down, fire crews in eastern Washington were hopeful they could gain ground on dozens of fires sparked by weekend lightning storms, but more evacuation orders were issued Tuesday as a wildfire continued to move in the hills west of Wenatchee, a fruit capital on the banks of the Columbia River.
Residents of nearly 120 homes were evacuated due to the fire burning about 140 miles east of Seattle.
About 160 firefighters from across the state gathered to help fight the blaze. Resident Shannon Grosdidier and her four daughters delivered oatmeal cookies to several stationed at the end of her street Monday night.
"The wind has died down, which is good," she said. "But I’ve got the photo albums in the car and our overnight bags packed."
Only a shed has been lost near Wenatchee, and no injuries have been reported at what appeared to be the most-threatening of numerous wildfires in the state that were sparked by lightning Saturday.
In Montana, Sawtooth Fire spokesman Gregg DeNitto with the U.S. Forest Service said there was no word on when residents there might be allowed to return. The fire exploded over the past two days from just over 1 square mile to more than 6, although no houses were reported lost.
"Most of the structures are still a half-mile to a mile from the fire’s edge," DeNitto said.
Firefighters got help from the weather in Wyoming, where cooler temperatures and calmer winds bought time to put more people and equipment into action around two large fires.
As many as 750 homes were threatened by a wildfire that has burned almost 24 square miles near Casper, Wyo. Some 400 people were evacuated from 150 homes.
Blazes have scorched more than 8.1 million acres across the West so far this year, up from the 10-year average of 6.1 million acres, according to the National Interagency Fire Center.
In Utah, nearly 100 property owners filed a lawsuit Tuesday in state district court blaming Rocky Mountain Power for one of the state’s largest wildfires this year.
The lawsuit alleges arcing between power transmission lines sparked the 75-square-mile Wood Hollow Fire, which destroyed 52 cabins or houses in central Utah and left one man dead in June.
Rocky Mountain Power told The Associated Press the lawsuit is unnecessary because the utility is offering cash settlements. The company is admitting no fault but said it’s pursuing out-of-court settlements with dozens of families.
Rocky Mountain Power initially blamed a thief who stripped protective cooper wire from one of its transmission poles. However, a state fire investigator determined the ground wire wasn’t designed to absorb a powerful arc between separate high-voltage lines.
Other blazes burning across the West include:
• The Horsethief Canyon Fire, which has burned about 4 square miles south of the resort town of Jackson, Wyo. Firefighters were working to protect the town and the Jackson Hole valley’s main communications towers from the blaze. About 1,000 residents have been warned to be prepared to leave in case the blaze gets too close. The fire was 10 percent contained Tuesday.
• The Millie Fire, burning 20 miles south of Bozeman, Mont. The fire continued to threaten the city’s water supply and 10 commercial buildings. Fire spokeswoman Jennifer Myslivy said the flames were stopped for now at the top of a ridge over South Cottonwood Canyon, sparing adjacent areas that serve as Bozeman’s watershed.
• The Pole Creek Fire southwest of the town of Sisters in central Oregon. About 300 firefighters were assigned to blaze, which was burning most heavily in the Three Sisters Wilderness Area. The fire area had grown to nearly 7 square miles, or 4,300 acres by Tuesday.
• As many as 80 fires sparked by lightning Saturday along the east slopes of the Cascades in Washington state. Most remained small, but one fire threatened homes near Grand Coulee Dam in Douglas and Grant counties and burned more than 23 square miles of sagebrush and grass. Another fire 17 miles southwest of Creston in Lincoln County burned across 28 square miles.
• A wildfire in a rugged area of the San Gabriel Mountains northeast of Los Angeles, which is expected to be fully contained by early Thursday. The U.S. Forest Service said the fire was 91 percent contained Tuesday after burning 6½ square miles. The fire broke out over Labor Day weekend, sending thousands of visitors from the Angeles National Forest and keeping out thousands more. A few dozen residents had to evacuate, but they were allowed back to their homes late last week.
Copyright 2013 The Salt Lake Tribune. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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The Lees of Virginia
A source of pride among the Dibrells is that Elizabeth Lee, the wife of Anthony Dibrell, Sr. was one of the Lees of Virginia. While there are many branches of the Lee family who settled in America, this is the most famous. This is the branch of the Lee family which contains so many famous people, including "Lighthorse Harry" Lee and Robert E. Lee. For this reason, the name Leanna (or some variation thereof) recurs among the female Dibrells, as does the middle name "Lee".
Lineage from Richard Lee to Elizabeth Lee
1 Richard (I) Lee (1617/18 - 1663/64) ..+ Ann Constable (c1622 - a1664) ... 2 John Lee (1645 - 1673) ... 2 Richard (II) Lee (1647 - 1713/14) ......+ Letitia Corbin (1657 - 1706) ... 2 Francis Lee (1648 - 1714) ... 2 William Lee (1651 - 1697) ......+ Alice (Lee) ... 2 Hancock (I) Lee 1653 - 1709 ......+ Mary Kendall (1661 - 1694) ... 2 Elizabeth Lee (1654 - a1689) ......+ Leonard Howson ... 2 Anne Lee (1654 - 1701) ......+ Thomas Youell, Jr. (c1653 - 1695) ... 2 Charles (I) Lee (1656 - 1701) ......+ Elizabeth Medstand (? - a1701) ....... 3 Thomas (I) Lee (1679 - 1735) ..........+ Elizabeth Keene (1701 - b1744) ........... 4 William Lee (c1722 - b1743) ........... 4 Lucy Lee (c1724 - 1746) ........... 4 John Lee (a1725 - a1758) ........... 4 Ann Lee (c1726 - b1746) ........... 4 Leanna Lee (1728 - b1758) ..............+ John Fearn, Sr. (1716/17 - 1782) ........... 4 Thomas (II) Lee (c1730 - 1758) ........... 4 Richard Lee (c1732 - b1758) ........... 4 Charles Lee (c1734 - 1792) ..............+ Joanna Morgan ........... 4 Elizabeth Lee (1736 - 1777) ..............+ Anthony Dibrell, Sr (1728 - 1799) ....... 3 Elizabeth Lee (1682 - 1714) ..........+ John Howson (? - 1714) [a cousin] ....... 3 Charles (II) Lee (1684 - 1740) ..........+ Elizabeth Pinckard ....... 3 Leanna Lee (1689 - ?) ..........+ William Jones
NOTES (by Phil Crowther, 7 Jul 1998):
1. Elizabeth Keene apparently died before 1744, maybe even several years earlier, since her children were placed in the custody of guardians Ezekiel Gilbert and William Jones prior to that time.
2. I have guessed at the birthdates of most of the children of Thomas Lee and Elizabeth Keene. The sons Thomas, Richard and Charles were probably younger because the were placed in the custody of guardians after their mother died before 1744.
Proof of Relationship, by Mary Nan Crowther
In 1756 Anthony married Elizabeth Lee, the daughter of Thomas and Ann Lee of the Cobb's Hall branch of the Lee family. They were married at the home of her sister, Leanna and John Fearn, in Albemarle County, Virginia where the Fearns had moved some years after their marriage in 1744.
Thomas Lee died just before Elizabeth was born but she was included in his will as the child his wife goes with now. She was later listed in the wills of her brother Thomas Lee in 1745 and her sister Lucy Lee in 1758. In her brother's will she was listed as "Betty." Their mother married James Scrosby on April 15, 1737. It appears from records that he treated the children of his wife fairly in the distribution of all property. Their home was in Urbana, York County, Virginia. It has been recorded that Elizabeth along with two of her other sisters went to live with Leanna and her husband for a time before Elizabeth's marriage. The two sisters, Leanna Fearn and Elizabeth Dibrell would remain close throughout their lives. According to records the terms of a gift by James Scrosby upon the marriage to their mother, both Leanna and Elizabeth would each receive one negro boy or girl when they either reached the age of twenty-one or were married.
This branch of the Lee family were proud of the strong and honorable heritage that was a part of their family. Particularly the connection they had in tracing back to Richard Lee who was considered the first of their line to come to Virginia in 1640.
Will of Thomas Lee, I
In the name of God Amen. I Thomas Lee being in
good health mind and memory do make and appoint this my last will
and testament. Inpr. I give and bequeath my soul to God that
gave it hoping in and through the merits of my blessed Lord &
Saviour Jesus Christ to receive remission of all my sins. My body
to ye ground to have a Christian and decent burial. Inpr. I give
my son Wm. Lee my land where Wm. Rankins & Richard Wesver now
lives to him and the heirs of his body lawfully begotten forever.
Item I give unto my sons Thomas, Richard & Charles all that
tract of land which on I now live be equally divided between them
and the heirs of their body lawfully begotten forever. I give
& bequeath unto my son John all that tract of land on ye head
of the Corrotoman River which I had by my wife where Harvey now
lives to him and the heirs of his body lawfully begotten forever.
Provided the child my wife goes with now be not a boy - which if
it be then my will is that my land be equally divided between
them and the heirs of their bodys lawfully begotten forever. Item
I give and bequeath unto my wife one fourth part of my personal
estate during her natural life or widowhood but if she should
intermarry then to have but one child's part. Also my will is
that she have liberty to dispose of her said fourth part to such
of her children as she shall think proper at her decease.
Provided she never marries. My will is that my estate be kept
together until my children come to lawful age of marriage. Item
my will & request is that my loving Brother Major Charles
Lee, my good Mr. Nicholas Martin and my loving wife to be
Executers of this my last will & testament and that my son
William when he come to the age of man be allowed to be one of my
executors. Item my will is that my personal estate after my
wife's part is taken will be equally divided between all my
children. Item I give and bequeath unto my son William Lee
Pettigrew's English Dictionary. Item I do ordain and appoint this
my last will and testament revoking all former wills heretofore
by me made. Witness my hand this 16th day of June 1733
At a court held for Lancaster County for the 11th day of June 1735 this will was proved in open court by the oath of Ezekiel Gilbert & Isaac Currell witnesses thereto and admitted to record and is recorded. Test. Thos. Edwards Cl. Cur.
Will of Thomas Lee, II
In the name of God, Amen. Dec. 1st 1750. I,
Thomas Lee of the Colony of Virginia in the County of Lancaster
and Parish of Christ Church being very sick & weak in body,
but of perfect mind and memory thanks be to God for it. However
calling to mind the mortality of my body and knowing that it is
appointed for all men once to die, do make and ordain this my
last will and testament, that is to say Principally and first of
all I recommend my soul into the hands of God that gave it and my
body to the earth to be decently interred at the discreation of
my Exers. hereafter named, not doubting but at the General
Resurrection I shall received the same again by the mighty power
of my ever blessed Redeemer and as to such world estate as it
hath Blessed God to bless me with in this life, I give and
dispose of the same in manner and form following. Impr. After my
just debts and funeral charges are fully paid and satisfyed then
I give and bequeath unto my daughter Mary Lee one negro boy named
Dick that I had by my Brother Richard Lee to her and the heirs of
her Body forever, Impr. I give and Bequeath unto my brother John
Lee one negro wench named Cate that I had by my Brother Richard
Lee to him and the heirs of his Body forever. And as I owe
Richard Blade some money my will and desire is it shall be paid
out of the money that Wm. Grigs owes me and the remainder of the
money derived from William Grigs I give and Bequeath to my
Brother John to him and the heirs of his Body forever. Impr. the
I give and Bequeath unto my two children Mary Lee and George Lee
to them and the heirs of there Bodys forever all the rest and
residue of my estate Both Real and Personal of what nature and
kind soever, but in case my children should die without heirs
lawfully Begotten of there Bodys then I give and Bequeath to my
loving wife Lucy Lee all the estate I had by her and the increase
and one negro wench named Fely and likewise my chair and thow
horses and the explanation of the testament, and in case of the
death of my two children Mary Lee and George Lee without heirs
lawfully Begotten of there Bodys I give and Bequeath to my
Brother Charles Lee all the tract of land I now live on to him
and his heirs forever. Impr. I give and Bequeath unto my brother
John Lee all the land I have in White Chapple parish; to him and
his heirs forever in case my two children Mary Lee and George Lee
die without heirs Lawfully Begotten of there Bodys. Impr. I give
and Bequeath unto my Brother Charles Lee one negro fellow named
Aaron in case my children dies without heirs lawfully Begotten of
their Bodys. Impr. I give and Bequeath unto my loving wife Luce
Lee one halfe of my stock and household furniture in case of the
death of my children without heirs Lawfully Begotten of there
Bodys and in case of the death of my twon children Mary Lee and
George Lee without heirs Lawfully Begotten of their Bodys, I give
and Bequeath all the rest of my negroes not Before mentioned to
my Brother John Lee to him and the heirs of his Body and my will
and Desire is that my Brother John Lee may work the negroes he
now has upon the land I now live on a Long as he Lives single and
have the Proffits of them and in case of the death of my two
children Mary Lee and George Lee without heirs Lawfully Begotten
of there Bodys my will and Desire is that my Estate be kept
together till forty pounds current money of Virginia be Raised
and that I give and bequeath to my sister Elizabeth Dibrells
Eldest son to him and his heirs Lawfully begotten of his Body for
Ever and in case he dies without such heirs then the forty pounds
current money to be equally Divided Between my two brothers
Charles Lee and John Lee. Impr. I do hereby nominate constitute
and appoint my loving wife Lucy Lee Exec. as long as she lives a
widow and no longer also Charles Lee Eppa. Lawson and George
Currell Exrs. To this my last will and testament revoking and
Disannulling all other will or wills by me heretofore made for
witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seals the day and
year in above written.
Signed sealed and delivered in presence of:
James Scrosby, Junr.
At a court held for Lancaster County on the
16th day of March, 1759 This will was proved in open Court by the
oath of Charles Lee, George Currell and Benjamin Kelly witnesses
thereunto and ordered to be recorded.
Test. Thos Edwards Junr. CC
NOTES (by Phil Crowther, 15 Jul 1998):
1. The Text of the Will above came from "Fearns in Virginia". It seems unlikely that the Will was written in 1750, as Leanna was still alive in 1750, and Elizabeth Lee had not married Anthony Dibrell. My guess is that the Will was written in 1758.
2. The "Fearns in Virginia" states that this is the Will of Thomas Lee, II., without saying more. One evidence is that the names of the siblings match. Another evidence is that he mentions a slave named Cate that he had received from his brother Richard. The Estate Settlement for Thomas Lee, I shows that Richard Lee received a slave named Kate.
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KOMPAS.com - It is 460ft wide and soaring through space - on a possible collision course with Earth. Nasa has identified a new asteroid threat to our planet and calculated that it could potentially impact on February 5th 2040.
The 2011 AG5 has already attracted the concern of the UN Action Team on near-Earth objects, which has begun discussing ways to divert it. They have put the odds of it hitting us at one in 625, though that could change nearer the time.
Were the rock to land on a city it could cause millions of deaths, although mankind would live through it. The asteroid which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago was nine miles wide, compared to 460ft for the 2011 AG5.
Scientists have not yet been able to work out much more about it than its size as they have only been able to observe it for half its orbit. But between 2013 and 2016 they will be able to monitor from the ground and will make a more detailed assessment.
In 2023 the rock will make a ‘keyhole pass’ of Earth, which is an area it passes through on the orbit before it would hit Earth. According to NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab, this will will be within a mere 0.02 astronomical units of our planet, or 1.86 million miles.
According to NASA, amongst the ways of deflecting it are putting a probe onto the rock and using the extra gravity the craft generates to steer the asteroid away over millions of light years.
Another option would be sending a probe into it so the impact would have the same effect. Nuclear weapons have also been discussed, but this would create a shower of rocks instead of just one.
There are roughly 19,000 such 'mid-sized' asteroids within 120 million miles of Earth, according to Nasa's latest sky-scans. Mid-sized refers to asteroids in a size range between 330 and 3,300 feet wide, which could destroy a city-sized area were they to hit Earth.
NASA's latest scan used the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE and took two infrared scans of the entire celestial sky in a series of infrared photos between January 2010 and February 2011.
Much of the world’s attention on asteroids has been on the Aphophis asteroid, which is the size of two and a half football fields and is predicted to pass close to Earth in 2036. If the forecasts are true it will come within 18,300 miles of Earth’s surface and will be visible from most of Europe, Africa and Asia
In recent years it has not just been asteroids that have threatened Earth - falling satellites have also caused problems too. In October Germany's Roentgen satellite X-Ray telescope entered a 12,500mph death dive and split up into around 30 huge chunks when it was deliberated crash landed.
Experts however had no idea where it landed and could only say somewhere South of Berlin and North of Wellington in New Zealand. The odds of being hit by one of the pieces was put at 2,000 to one, more likely than getting a hole in one in golf, though no injuries were reported.
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Recession-exacerbated difficulties, such as securing power supply contracts needed as a prerequisite for obtaining finance, a massive and cheap non-renewables sector and political indecision over carbon emissions trading legislation, are marring wind's otherwise leading position in the Australian renewables market.
But the substantially upgraded RET target agreed in legislation in August 2009, requiring 20% of electricity to be generated from renewables by 2020, appears to have spurred a substantial jump in project proposals. Some of these may lapse at the feasibility study stage, however, says Felicity Sands, policy analyst from renewables trade body the Clean Energy Council (CEC).
According to Sands, there are 6.7GW of wind farms under development either with planning approval or seeking it. A further 6.4GW are under evaluation, including wind farms undergoing feasibility studies, she adds. This total is about a 25% increase in pipeline data compared to 12 months ago.
The Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics shows an even larger jump in the projects pipeline, from 6.4GW across 42 wind farms in October 2008, to 10.6GW, or 71 wind farms, in October 2009.
Installed capacity rate slips
However, the rate of increase of installed wind capacity appears to be slowing, reflecting a mid-decade decline in activity arising from industry pessimism over persistently weak statutory renewable energy targets.
Total installed capacity at the end of 2009 was 1.7GW, roughly an additional 400MW on top of the 1.3GW in place at the end of 2008, and falling short of predictions by about 5-10%. This contrasts with 2007-2008's installed capacity increase of 800MW to 1.3GW. For this year, only about 300MW is expected to come into operation of the 496MW of wind farms under construction (see table).
Wind electricity in Australia costs about twice as much as that from conventional sources such as brown coal, but would become more competitive if carbon costs are priced into the generation market. A senate vote on the government's carbon trading legislation, the pollution reduction scheme (CPRS), was rescheduled until last November as part of a deal with the opposition in order to pass the new RETs. It was again rescheduled after climate-change sceptic Tony Abbott took over as leader of the opposition Liberal Party in September. He is yet to announce his party's position on CPRS but has previously favoured carbon-reduction policy based on better land use and energy efficiency. The government also faces opposition from Green politicians saying that CPRS targets are too weak. The Greens have also developed draft feed-in tariff legislation, although this seems unlikely to succeed.
Another possible problem for the wind sector is the provision in the RET to price tradable renewable energy certificates (RECs) for small-scale solar plants, wind turbines and other minor renewable energy sources at up to five times their market value, creating RECs that do not actually relate to a unit of green energy generated. This provision will be phased out in 2015, but a report from investment bank UBS says the policy will divert investment away from large-scale wind farms for the next few years.
Following a critical senate subcommittee report, the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) is now considering whether to recommend raising the RET to compensate, requiring more renewable electricity to be generated across the board. However, the government insists that steeply rising demand for electricity means wind will not be disadvantaged by phantom RECs.
New installations online
PROJECT OWNER MW
Operational in 2009
New South Wales
Waubra Acciona 192
Capital Wind Farm Infingen Energy 141
Cullerin Range Origin Energy 30
Portland Stage 3 Pacific Hydro 44
Planned operational in 2010
Hallett Stage 2 AGL 71
Clements Gap Pacific Hydro 57
Lake Bonney Stage 3 Infinigen Energy 39
Musselroe Roaring 40s 129
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Deposit Account Fraud: A person commits the offense of deposit account fraud when such person makes, draws, utters, executes, or delivers an instrument for the payment of money on any bank or other depository in exchange for a present consideration or wages, knowing that it will not be honored by the drawee.
For the purposes of this Code section, it is prima-facie evidence that the accused knew that the instrument would not be honored if:
The accused had no account with the drawee at the time the instrument was made, drawn, uttered, or delivered; and/or
Payment was refused by the drawee for lack of funds upon presentation within 30 days after delivery and the accused or someone for him or her shall not have tendered the holder thereof the amount due thereon, together with a service charge, within ten days after receiving written notice that payment was refused upon such instrument.
A bad check in the amount of $499.99 or less on an intra-state bank is a misdemeanor.
A bad check for $500 or more on an intra-state bank is a felony.
A bad check in any amount on an out-of-state bank is a felony.
Punishment: A person convicted of the offense of deposit account fraud shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished as follows:
When the instrument is for less than $100.00, a fine of not more than $500.00 or imprisonment not to exceed 12 months, or both;
When the instrument is for $100.00 or more but less than $300.00, a fine of not more than $1,000.00 or imprisonment not to exceed 12 months, or both; or
When more than one instrument is involved and such instruments were drawn within 90 days of one another and each is in an amount less than $100.00, the amounts of such separate instruments may be added together to arrive at and be punishable under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.
Required Information on Check: To establish this prima-facie evidence, the following information regarding the identity of the party presenting the instrument shall be obtained by the party receiving such instrument: The full name, residence address, and home phone number. Such information may be provided by either of two methods:
The information may be recorded upon the instrument itself; or
The number of a check-cashing identification card issued by the receiving party may be recorded on the instrument. The check-cashing identification card shall be issued only after the information required in this subsection has been placed on file by the receiving party.
Witness Check Signing: In addition to the information required in this subsection, the party receiving an instrument shall witness the signature or endorsement of the party presenting such instrument and as evidence of such the receiving party shall initial the instrument.
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Officials say 67 percent of Neb. voters cast ballots
Officials estimate that 67 percent of Nebraska's voters participated in Tuesday's election.
That means voter turnout fell short of the 71 percent that Secretary of State John Gale predicted beforehand.
The Nebraska turnout was smaller than the 71 percent that voted in 2008, but close to the 68 percent turnout the state recorded in the 2004 presidential election.
Voter turnout was highest in Sioux County where 80 percent of the eligible voters cast ballots.
Several other counties all reported turnout figures between 75 percent and 80 percent. Those were: Thomas, Arthur, Grant, Blaine, Logan, McPherson, Garfield, Hamilton, Keya Paha, Banner, Rock, Sherman.
The lowest voter turnout in the state was in Thurston County where just 47 percent voted.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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559 Coleophora peribenanderi
Toll, 1943Wingspan 12.5-15 mm.
The larva of this moth forms a case, approximately 11-12 mm long, beneath a thistle (Carduus or Cirsium) leaf, although burdock (Arctium) may sometimes be used. Feeding takes place July - September, and most larvae diapause full fed until pupation in May. Some larvae complete feeding in April. The shape of the ochreous case varies as, when being enlarged, it is elongated first, and the girth increased subsequently.
The adults fly in June and July.
The moth is often common in habitats where its foodplants occur, and is distributed throughout England, Wales and southern Scotland.
Rarely, larvae of Coleophora follicularis have been found on Cirsium arvense. That species also has an ochreous case, but the angle of the oral opening (about 30 degrees to the long axis) is less than that of C. peribenanderi (about 50 degrees), so the normal stance of the C. follicularis case is much more prone. The plate on T1 has a thin dividing line on C. peribenanderi, while C. follicularis lacks an obvious line.
Adults of C. peribenanderi resemble several other Coleophora species. Specimens not reared off its foodplant should be identified by examination of the genitalia aided by MBGBI vol.3.
See also Cirsium key.
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Ref: TG AFR 65/2012.019
His Excellency Nhial Deng Dhial
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Republic of South Sudan
Dear Minister Nhial Deng Nhial,
As South Sudan prepares to engage in its second session of the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN), we would like to take this opportunity to raise with you the issue of South Sudan’s continuing use of the death penalty.
There is a clear regional and global trend toward abolition of capital punishment, and this trend has been reconfirmed at the General Assembly, where the majority of the Member Countries of the UN have voted for a moratorium on the use of the death penalty, first in 2007 and again in 2008 and 2010. As of October 2012, 94 UN Member States have fully abolished the death penalty. A total of 137 are abolitionist in law or practice, constituting more than two-thirds of UN Member States.
The global trend is mirrored in Africa where 16 member states of the African Union have abolished capital punishment for all crimes. Three countries have done so since 2009 – Burundi, Togo and Gabon. Ten countries are State Parties to the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR-OP2), which aims at the abolition of the death penalty, and 21 are considered abolitionist in practice, as they have not carried out executions for at least ten years and have an established practice or policy not to do so. In 2008 the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Commission) adopted its second resolution on the death penalty, calling on States Parties to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights to observe a moratorium on the execution of death sentences with a view to abolishing the death penalty and to ratify ICCPR-OP2. In April 2012, the Working Group on the Death Penalty of the African Commission reaffirmed the necessity of the abolition of capital punishment and suggested ways for its achievement.
Thedeath penalty in South Sudan
South Sudan’s retention of the death penalty runs counter to the global move and commitment to end the use of capital punishment. We are greatly concerned by the recent executions, such as those on 28 August 2012, when two men were hanged in Juba prison. We urge South Sudan to impose a moratorium on the use of the death penalty with a view to reviewing the country’s position and moving towards abolition.
We are also greatly concerned by South Sudan’s use of the death penalty because the country does not adhere to UN safeguards guaranteeing the protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty. The minimum standards are set out in the annex to the Economic and Social Council resolution 1984/50 of 1984, which, among other things, provides that the death penalty should be imposed only for the most serious crimes, and that a death sentence should not be imposed for crimes committed by persons below 18 or carried out on pregnant or nursing women, or persons who have become insane.
These minimum standards require adherence to fair trial standards, including the presumption of innocence, the right to adequate legal assistance at all stages of the proceedings, and the right of convicted persons to appeal to a higher tribunal. Capital punishment may only be imposed “when the guilt of the person charged is based upon clear and convincing evidence leaving no room for an alternative explanation of the facts.”
We believe South Sudan is currently not able to fully guarantee the minimum safeguards outlined above and in other international standards on the use of the death penalty. We are especially concerned about violations of fair trial standards, particularly the right of accused persons to legal assistance. According to the Ministry of Justice, since 2006 the Department of Legal Aid and Human Rights has provided legal aid in only six cases. The vast majority of the approximately 200 individuals currently on death row have received no counsel, leaving many unable to adequately prepare their defence or to appeal convictions.
It is also important that South Sudan increase public information and transparency about its use of the death penalty. Practical steps towards this end include: releasing figures on the number of executions carried out and death sentences imposed; providing notification when executions are set to occur; and making publicly available all judicial decisions regarding death sentences and decisions by the President to confirm or commute death sentences. The accessibility of such information is of particular importance during the current constitutional review process, a period where the government should facilitate informed discussion about substantive constitutional provisions such as the right to life.
The undersigned organizations commend the Government of South Sudan for the statement made at the 21st Session of the Human Rights Council stating that South Sudan agrees with concerns raised by state and non-state actors with regards to abolishing the death penalty. We oppose the death penalty in all circumstances, and we are calling on South Sudan to take specific steps to move towards abolition. The government should do so by putting in place a moratorium on executions with a view to ratifying ICCPR-OP2 and abolishing the death penalty. As a member of the international community and the UN, South Sudan should also act in support of international moves to end the use of the death penalty.
When South Sudan joined the United Nations in 2011, it agreed to support the objectives of the organization, one of which is the abolition of the death penalty.
We look forward to South Sudan joining the growing number of countries who are considered abolitionist in law or in practice.
Agency for Independent Media (AIM)
Foundation for Youth Initiative
Human Rights Watch
South Sudan Human Rights Society for Advocacy (SSHURSA)
South Sudan Law Society (SSLS)
South Sudan Women’s Lawyer Association
Soweto Community Based Organization
Resolution 136(XXXXIIII).08, adopted at the 44th Ordinary session in Abuja, Nigeria, on 24 November 2008, online at http://old.achpr.org/english/resolutions/resolution136_en.htm, last visited on 13 September 2012,
African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, “Study on the question of the death penalty in Africa”, 10 April 2012, adopted by the African Commission at its 50th Ordinary Session (24 October - 07 November 2011), online at http://www.achpr.org/files/news/2012/04/d46/study_question_deathpenalty_africa_2012_eng.pdf, last visited on 1 November 2012.
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Thursday, April 29, 2010
How to find a job/internship in a tough economy?
The U.S. Department of Labor estimates that 80% of all jobs are filled through personal contacts. Attending Career Expo helps you build those contacts by meeting employers and agency representatives while you learn more about your career options. On 4/20/2010, SU Career Services Center hosted its annual Career Expo. Over 20 employers from Puget Sound and some government agencies came to school and talked to current students and alumni about the current job market and their companies. A couple of my classmates and I were there to make personal contact with employers.
I had the opportunity to talk with the representatives from Paccar and Expeditors. The good news was both of them said that the job market would be getting better by the end of this year. I think this is very encouraging. For example, Mellisa said Expeditors had 10 summer intern openings and half of them were already filled. She also mentioned that in Expeditors, an internship can lead to a full time position upon graduation if the interns are fully committed to their work.
In summary, events such as the Career Expo give you unparalleled opportunities to talk to representatives from organizations across a wide range of sectors in one day. With the graduation approaching, we will see more new graduates looking for jobs. In my opinion, the person who goes to different career fairs and networks consistently will be the first one who gets a job.
Writen by Derek Zhao, firstname.lastname@example.org
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Balloon can be deflated by inserting a straw where air is added and pressing gently on balloon, keeping straw securely in hole, until all the air has left. Store and reuse as needed.
WARNING: CHOKING HAZARD - Children under 8 years can choke or suffocate on uninflated or broken balloons. Adult supervision required. Keep uninflated balloons from children. Discard broken balloons at once.
Browser does not support iframes.
Sign up for emails to receive discounts onparty supplies and Halloween costumesfrom Party City.
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The Aids Fonds New Call for Proposals on HIV drug resistance includes the full range of activities that can prevent and adequately address HIV drug resistance for participating patients. All interventions have to contribute to the quality of care of the patients involved. This call is particularly meant for innovative approaches. Interventions could be, but are not limited to, viral load monitoring, targeted resistance monitoring, adherence counselling and support, focused advocacy on the importance of HIV drug resistance or providing medicines with a lower risk of resistance. Activities can be part of programs in which antiretrovirals are used to prevent the transmission (earlier start of treatment) or acquisition (pre-exposure prophylaxis) of HIV.
Aim and objectives
- To support programmes that implement activities to prevent and adequately address HIV drug resistance in participating individuals.
- To support the introduction of improved regimens, avoidance of stockouts, and better procurement and supply management.
- To support better patient monitoring, including the use of viral load and resistance testing.
- To support the understanding of treatment options, access and stay in care, and adherence to treatment. Especially for people living with HIV who are asymptomatic
- To generate results that can be transferred beyond the context in which the programme takes place.
- To involve communities in creating a favourable environment for preventing and addressing HIV drug resistance
Eligibility criteria for applicants
- Funding will only be applied to registered organisations and not to individuals.
- Applicants must be non-profit and non-governmental organisations.
- Organisations should provide their latest annual narrative and financial report together with the application
- Organisations must have strong management and the capacity to formulate a proposal, to carry out the proposed activities and to effectively manage award funds
Programmes should take place in one of the following countries: South Africa, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Thailand, Brazil, Botswana, Rwanda, Namibia or Lesotho. The deadline for submission is 1 September, 2012
For more information, visit this link.
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PBI Funds Research on Churchill's Bears
In recent years, concerns have continued to mount over the effects of climate change on Hudson Bay's polar bears. For that reason, PBI is helping to underwrite two research projects focusing on that population.
The first is a study on the effect of forest fires on polar bear maternity dens along western Hudson Bay. That research is being conducted by graduate student Evan S. Richardson of the University of Alberta, who is working as part of a team with Dr. Ian Stirling, one of the world's foremost polar bear scientists.
The second is a behavioral study of Churchill's adult bears, which is being conducted by Drs. Jane Waterman and James Roth of the University of Central Florida, along with two graduate students.
Maternity Den Research
Western Hudson Bay is home to one of the three largest polar bear denning sites in the world. Farther north, pregnant polar bears use snow drifts as birthing sites, but the snow cover along the bay is seldom deep enough in early fall to provide the bears with suitable drifts. Instead, the Hudson Bay bears dig hollows in the peat along the banks of lakes and streams, under the shelter of small spruce trees. The tree roots hold the roof of each den together and prevent collapse.
In recent years, several large fires have burned through parts of this critical maternity denning area, causing dens to collapse and eliminating crucial habitat. The Richardson/Stirling study will:
* Determine the effects of forest fires on den sites. It will also examine whether pregnant females use sites in burned areas.
* Examine area den site selection to create a map. The map will categorize the suitability of different parts of the study area for maternity dens. It will also evaluate the potential consequences of each area being burned.
The model and map will be used as a management tool to determine the most important denning areas so that human and natural disturbances can be assessed and conservation responses developed. Agencies like Euromillion does help the bears for beter live.
"Despite the importance of this habitat to polar bears," says Richardson, "very little is known."
Social BehaviorThe Waterman/Roth study will focus on play fighting and human-bear interactions in Churchill's polar bears. The objectives are to:
* Examine the play behavior of males to determine the adaptive significance of the interactions.
* Investigate the impact of human activities on the energy expenditures and behaviors of polar bears.
Waterman notes that as evidence mounts concerning climate change in the Arctic, understanding polar bear behavior has become even more critical. The study will address the following questions:
As the ice-free period continues to increase in length, will we continue to see play behavior and other social interactions?
If these interactions decline, what influence will that have on polar bear life history?
How will increasing human activities (e.g., tourism and industrial activities) affect polar bear energetics, behavior, and spatial dynamics?
We will publish the results of these studies when results become available, as part of our core mission of conservation through education.
Additional german informations can be found here.
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Winning Streaks in Athletics Are No Common Feat
Streaks are very special in the world of sports. Long winning streaks don’t necessarily translate into championships, but they are fun to experience while they last. Sports have become a focal point in our culture, and winning streaks add another element to slip into casual conversations.
The Chicago Blackhawks defeated the Detroit Red Wings 2-1 in overtime Sunday afternoon to extend their point streak to a record 22 games.
According to ESPN, the Blackhawks have earned at least one point in 28 straight games dating back to a March 25, 2012 loss in regulation to Nashville, which ties for the second-longest streak in league history.
The highest ranked conference opponent the Blackhawks face over their next eight games is No. 4, so this historic streak could continue.
The Miami Heat also have a streak of their own going on right now. The Heat defeated the New York Knicks Sunday afternoon to extend their winning streak to a franchise record-tying 14 games.
LeBron James, Dwyane Wade and Chris Bosh are nearing the form they were in during last year’s championship run. They now have their eyes on the Clippers streak, as they reeled off 17 consecutive wins earlier this season.
This storyline could get even more interesting if the two teams happened to meet in the NBA finals.
Though some streaks aren’t recent, they are impressive enough to recognize. UCLA reeled off 88 wins under John Wooden beginning in 1971 through 1974. Another impressive basketball streak was guided by Geno Auriemma as the Connecticut women recorded 90 wins in a row.
It is truly hard to comprehend how both of these teams were able to accomplish such streaks. These numbers seem like something more out of a video game rather than real life accomplishments.
The Boston Celtics winning eight world championships in a row from 1959-1966 catches many people’s attention. Brett Favre starting a record 297 consecutive games as a member of the Green Bay Packers and a late stint with the Minnesota Vikings is a tribute to his ability to stay healthy.
Cal Ripken’s 2,632 consecutive games played was also impressive. Favre and Ripken accomplished two streaks that are so hard due to the fact that injury always lurks.
If a person dug deep enough, streaks would continue to jump off the page. One I can’t go without mentioning is a few Michael Jordan put together.
He led the Chicago Bulls to six championships, both in series of three. The first series was from 1990-91 season through 1992-93 season, followed by the second from 1995-96 to 1997-98. A true basketball junkie could write a book on the accomplishments and streaks he put together, but these two are ones that are definitely worth noting.
Streaks are going to continually be built and broken by the next wave of athletes. Streaks continue to set bars that athletes can strive to attain. Competition is a huge part of sports, and these aspects of the game bring an extra dimension that is truly unique and special to the world of sports.
Zack Wheeler is a writer for the Arkansas Traveler. His column appears every Tuesday. Follow the sports section on Twitter @UATravSports.
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