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Snapshot for September 17, 2003
by EPI Research Director Lee Price
A new study on the effects of race on hiring decisions has relevance for current policy debates. Just this past summer, the Supreme Court found that race could be taken into account in the admissions process for higher education, but only within strict limits. Next month, California voters will decide whether to ban almost all collection of data on race. Contrary to the contention of those seeking to end racial consideration in public policy, this new study indicates that racial discrimination is alive and well.
Devah Pager, a sociologist at Northwestern University, studied employers’ treatment of job applicants in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, by dividing job applicants into four groups. White applicants and black applicants were further grouped into those who presented themselves as having a prior criminal conviction and those who did not present themselves as having a criminal record. (None of the applicants actually had a criminal record of any sort). Except for the differences in race and in criminal record, applicants were given comparable resumes, sent to the same set of employers, and trained to behave similarly in the application process.
The study focused on the likelihood that an applicant would be called back for a job interview. Not surprisingly, whites without a criminal record were most likely to be invited back (34%) and blacks with a criminal record were the least likely (5%). Perhaps most striking, the study found that only 14% of blacks without a criminal record were called back for an interview—less than the 17% of whites that did have a criminal record.
Some might object that, because this study was done in just one city, it cannot represent the nation as a whole. There is no reason to believe, however, that employers in Milwaukee are more likely to discriminate than employers in the rest of the country.
Proponents of ending affirmative action and data collection on race argue that we are fast approaching a time when race is no longer a factor in decision making and public policy should become colorblind. This study shows that employers do, in fact, consider race when hiring. It remains premature for public policy to stop taking race into account.
Source: Pager, Devah. 2002. “The mark of a criminal record.” Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Check out the archive for past Economic Snapshots.
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Would you feed animal waste to your dog or cat? Probably not. It's dirty, disgusting and intuitively just seems wrong. Unfortunately, not all animals are so lucky. In areas of the United States where large cattle and poultry operations coexist, chicken waste (or, more accurately, 'poultry litter') is routinely fed to cows. Poultry litter consists primarily of manure, feathers, spilled feed and bedding material that accumulate on the floors of the buildings that chickens and turkeys. It can contain disease-causing bacteria, antibiotics, toxic heavy metals, substances that cause Mad Cow Disease, and even foreign objects such as dead rodents, rocks, nails and glass.
Surprisingly, this unhealthy and inhumane practice is legal and poorly monitored -- creating unacceptable risks to human and animal health. The FDA needs to ban the use of animal waste as animal feed before human and animal health is further compromised. For more information, check out http://www.filthyfeed.org/.
Many prominent groups have endorsed our efforts to elicit an FDA ban on feeding poultry litter to cattle, including:
Center for Food Safety
Center for Science in the Public Interest
Consumer Federation of America
Food & Water Watch
Humane Society of the United States
Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
National Catholic Rural Life Conference
National Consumers League
National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition
Safe Tables Our Priority
Union of Concerned Scientists
We the undersigned strongly urge the Agency to immediately ban the use of poultry litter as cattle feed.
In the United States, poultry legally can be fed ruminant meat and bone meal, which may contain infectious prions that are responsible for serious neurological diseases. When this poultry litter is fed back to cattle, the cows are at risk of contracting Mad Cow Disease. Humans who eat contaminated beef products are at risk for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a degenerative and often fatal neurological disease. Feeding poultry litter to cattle carries other serious health risks as well, including those related to: (1) disease-causing bacteria and viruses; (2) drug residues; (3) antibiotic resistant bacteria; and (4) heavy metals and other toxic substances.
The practice of feeding poultry litter to cattle continues today without adequate surveillance or regulation. With so much at stake, the federal government no longer can afford to turn a blind eye to dangers posed by filthy cattle feed.
In the interest of human and animal health, we urge the Agency to act in a timely manner and ban the feeding of poultry litter to cows. Thank you for taking immediate steps to address this serious threat to our nation's health.
If everything looks correct, click sign now. Your signature will not be added until you click the button below.
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Euthyroid sick syndrome is low serum levels of thyroid hormones in clinically euthyroid patients with nonthyroidal systemic illness. Diagnosis is based on excluding hypothyroidism. Treatment is of the underlying illness; thyroid hormone replacement is not indicated.
Patients with various acute or chronic nonthyroid disorders may have abnormal thyroid function tests. Such disorders include acute and chronic illness, particularly fasting, starvation, protein-energy undernutrition, major trauma, MI, chronic renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis, anorexia nervosa, cirrhosis, thermal injury, and sepsis.
Decreased triiodothyronine (T3) levels are most common. Patients with more severe or prolonged illness also have decreased thyroxine (T4) levels. Serum reverse T3 (rT3) is increased. Patients are clinically euthyroid and do not have elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.
Pathogenesis is unknown but may include decreased peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, decreased clearance of rT3 generated from T4, and decreased binding of thyroid hormones to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). Proinflammatory cytokines (eg, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1) may be responsible for some changes.
Interpretation of abnormal thyroid function test results in ill patients is complicated by the effects of various drugs, including the iodine-rich contrast agents and amiodarone, which impairs the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, and by drugs such as dopamine and corticosteroids, which decrease pituitary secretion of TSH, resulting in low serum TSH levels and subsequent decreased T4 secretion.
The diagnostic dilemma is whether the patient has hypothyroidism or euthyroid sick syndrome. The best test is measurement of TSH, which in euthyroid sick syndrome is low, normal, or slightly elevated but not as high as it would be in hypothyroidism. Serum rT3 is elevated, although this measurement is rarely done. Serum cortisol is often elevated in euthyroid sick syndrome and low or low-normal in hypothyroidism due to pituitary-hypothalamic disease. Because tests are nonspecific, clinical judgment is required to interpret abnormal thyroid function tests in the acutely or chronically ill patient. Unless thyroid dysfunction is highly suspected, thyroid function tests should not be ordered for patients in the ICU.
Treatment with thyroid hormone replacement is not appropriate. When the underlying disorder is treated, results of thyroid tests normalize.
Last full review/revision May 2012 by Jerome M. Hershman, MD
Content last modified November 2012
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From left—Garrett Moore, William Harrell, Charlie Strunk, Tom Biesiadny, Leonard Wolfenstein, Randall White and Lauren Mullerup. Experts from both the Virginia and Fairfax County Departments of Transportation listened to area residents, answered questions and addressed concerns about the Fairfax County Parkway.
Photo by Andrea Worker.
In conjunction with the Springfield District Council, Springfield District Supervisor Pat Herrity (R) hosted a panel of local and state transportation authorities for a Town Hall Meeting, held at the James W. Robinson Secondary School in Fairfax. The press release issued by Herrity’s office titled the event as a discussion on the future of the Fairfax County Parkway, but the agenda also included a history of the parkway, as well as updates on current projects, and a frank account of the funding challenges to future improvements and maintenance of the 35-mile thoroughfare connecting the County from the south at Route 1 to the north, ending at Route 7. The parkway’s back-story was presented by Charlie Strunk, senior transportation planner for the Fairfax County Department of Transportation (FCDOT) who has been involved with the design, construction and continuing improvement of the parkway since the first phase of construction began in 1987 on what was then known as the “Springfield Bypass and Metro Spur.” “And just in case you were wondering,” said Strunk, “public hearings do matter.” Strunk cited several examples of citizen-driven additions to the parkway, including two wildlife migration tunnels, development of wetlands, the location of several access points and areas where noise abatement walls have been constructed.
IN FEBRUARY, the commonwealth approved the reclassification of the parkway from a secondary to a primary road, changing its numerical designation from 7100 to 286. “This change was a big plus,” said William Harrell, senior transportation planner with FCDOT. “This means access to federal dollars for paving and for guard rails. This places the parkway higher on the scale of priorities.”
Garrett Moore, Northern Virginia district administrator, and Lauren Mollerup, NoVa district land use and transportation director represented the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) at the meeting. “The main thing I am here to do is listen,” stated Moore, “and to work to make considered options fit best with the community.” Mollerup provided a status report on projects recently completed, currently under construction, and those already funded for their planning stages. Nearing completion is the resurfacing of most of the parkway. “There are a few pieces still to be done, some markings, things like that,” she said. “But we are about there.” Scheduled for completion in 2014 is the I-95 at Fort Belvoir ramp, largely funded by the Department of Defense. The Fairfax County Parkway (Saratoga) commuter lot expansion is in progress and expected to be completed by year-end. Currently tracking ahead of schedule is the massive Fair Lakes Parkway flyover. “I checked in with the project team before this meeting. It looks like we may see our first vehicles using the bridge overpasses by mid-November,” said Mollerup to the applause of the gathering. The flyover is designed to mitigate the bottleneck at the intersections of the parkway with Fair Lakes Parkway, and with Monument Drive.
Mollerup also reported on a “quiet pavement” pilot program being tested between Rugby Road and West Ox, using new paving mixture technologies to reduce noise. She wrapped her segment with an update on trail maintenance alongside the parkway. The shared-use path runs for more than 26 miles. As Charlie Strunk noted, “It’s sometimes hard to find.” A study of the trail’s maintenance needs has been completed. “The County owns pieces of the trail, so the next step is to work together to put a contract together and source funding.”
Supervisor Herrity praised Mollerup and VDOT. “There has been real partnership and cooperation,” he said. “And VDOT is to be commended for scraping together the money for the Fair Lakes project in particular,” he added. VDOT secured funds through a variety of sources, even re-routing millions in federal stimulus dollars originally earmarked for other states but left unclaimed.
THE TASK of speaking to the funding challenges for road and transportation improvements fell to Tom Biesiadny, director of FCDOT. Biesiadny recently hosted sessions around the County to solicit public feedback on revenue source options. The FCDOT has identified about $8 billion in transportation and transit needs over the next ten years, but can only count on $5 billion from existing revenue sources. The state’s funds for primary and secondary new road construction is projected to run dry by 2017. “We have put forth 21 potential sources of revenue to close the funding gap,” said Biesiadny, “and we have developed a cost analysis tool to help determine the best use of our limited funds.” The FCDOT’s study, including the identified needs, proposed funding sources, and the public’s responses via print and online surveys are available on the Fairfax County Department of Transportation’s website.
Once the formal presentations were concluded, the speakers formed a panel to answer questions and hear suggestions from the public. Concerns were raised over proposed HOV lanes, and significant discussion took place regarding the Route 29-Braddock Road, Sunrise Valley-Dulles Toll Road and Popes Head sections of the parkway, areas deemed the most congested. Many of the questions posed began with the word “when”—used as a query. Despite the best intentions of the panel—“Remember,” said Supervisor Herrity, “we live and work here, too. We travel these roads”—the answer to “When?” was most often “Not any time soon.” The assembled experts promised to look into all of the issues raised and to make their findings publicly available.
“It’s a good thing that we had all three levels of government here tonight,” noted Supervisor Herrity, referring to attendance by members of the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, state senators and delegates, and representatives from members of Congress. “It’s critical to have all three to get anything done. We have a lot of challenges in front of us.”
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Challenges in Adolescent Oral Health: Teen...
A newborn’s smile is perhaps one of the greatest gifts to humankind. The ability to smile is often magically rediscovered by grownup’s upon witnessing an infant’s smile. This innocence and pure sense of joy and carefree love associated with such a seemingly simple facial expression is one of the grandest gifts we are born with. It is a gift universally recognized and cherished by all cultures...
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If statistics on the subject existed, it would show that among those who drink wine, more people worry about food and wine pairing than perhaps any other issue pertaining to this lovely beverage. The idea seems so contrary to what the intended purpose of wine was, and hopefully, still remains: to anoint social occasions and meals and to add anew dimension of enjoyment to the entire setting. Instead what we find are perplexed hosts scurrying between the wine shelves of a retail store, if not clicking away feverishly online to find a site, blog, almanac, or any source of reliable information that could be used by them to ascertain just what wine to serve with their food line-up for the evening.
Maybe it’s not them, maybe it’s guests today, their satisfaction quotient seems to have risen rotten by the sheer number of parties they get invited to and therefore, any wine that they can afford ontheir own time and budget, they sneer at.
But let’s not digress, back to food and wine, while it may not be all that people make it out for, it still does follow a few basic rules, rules that are nothing more than pure common sense and can be understood and remembered easily if logically approached rather than rote from some vinous Bible.
- Ensure Quality: Never pair with food or wine that by themselves are not qualitative enough. Chances are, that even if one of the elements is not deserving enough, you will ruin the enjoyment of the other as well. Complement the chef’s skill with a good bottle, out of respect, if not for any other reason.
- Lights before the heavyweights: The palate is nothing but a collective if tissues and it has the tendency to get tired when exercised too much. The less responsive it gets through the course of a meal, the more enriched the flavours needed in order to be detected. From this one can see why it would be sensible to start with lighter more nuanced wines and then graduate to the richer ones. The food also generally follows a similar pattern: starting with light salads and soups, moving on to the main course, before finishing with cheese and/or dessert.
- Traditional pairings: Nostalgia isn’t the only reason why Italians prefer a local red with their pizza, no matter where they are in the world. The high acidity uniquely found in Italian reds make them a pleasure besides pizzas and pastas. The local sauces oftendeveloped depending on what was available to cook in the region and the wines too followed a similar plan of coordinated matching. Point being that some pairings work not just because some marketing fellow said so but because they evolved alongside the food over time.
- Threshold it: Everyone has a personal tolerance for spices, as also for chillies and as long as the fooddoesn’t go overboard on that scale for an individual, s/he can think of pairing wine with the food. A palate sensitive to such tastes will never manage to enjoy the pairing, finding the heat too intimidating to override in order to enjoy the wine. For parties, especially if you are playing host, keep such as low as possible in order to ensure that none of your guests find themselvesoverwhelmed in such a manner.
- Generally the dry wines come before as sweetness has a way of making the palate numb to dry wines which are generally more nuanced. If you must break the logical order, ensure you have some sort of a break between the two: from something as simple as a glass of water to something more lavish and elaborate like a Gougères or something similar, like a savoury macaroon.
- The Crescendo Principle: If you are serving multiple wines over a meal, build it up. Everyone in the land of Bollywood likes a little shot of spice and drama to their everyday lives, something mysterious and exciting and yet nothing that requires toil, effort, or creases the trousers. For such occasions, it is ideal to serve wines in a progression of sorts, one that takes the drinkers from the basic to the more complex. This way, everyone enjoys the unravelling with each round of wine served, and for those who don’t make it till the end, having to leave, or pass out, it means more good wines for us to enjoy with the main course!
- Burn the Rule Book: In case you have some tome that lays down the principles of pairing for every dish possible, get rid of it. Food and wine pairing is not science, more of an art, an interpretation really, and everyone is entitled to their own. If you have to follow one, start with yourself. In fact, if you wish to over-ride the very rules mentioned here, it wouldn’t be disturbing to anyone, provided you have your reasons for doing so and can back them up.
Food and wine pairing isn’t at all difficult, but the social importance that people attach to it is truly spectacular. The general fear goes that if you don’t couple them up well, you’ll end up eating many a meal alone for the rest of your life. As I said above,there are bigger issues to worry about. This is the time to unwind and havefun. If a wine doesn’t work, try another. With all the variety around us, chances are that we won’t run out of options just yet. And if you find a match that works, share it right here on this platform. Till then, happy pairing!
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Community Characteristics Help Shape Women's Decisions on Whether to Give Birth in a Health Facility
In Africa, a woman's decision to give birth at a health facility—a choice that may be lifesaving if complications arise—is linked to community factors such as family size, male approval of family planning and level of female schooling.1 In an analysis based on nationally representative survey data from six African countries, the patterns of association varied by country; and some variation across communities in women's decisions could not be explained, even after accounting for individual, household and community factors.
Researchers analyzed data from women aged 15–45 who participated in Demographic and Health Surveys in six countries in East Africa (Kenya, Malawi and Tanzania) and West Africa (Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana). In the surveys, which were conducted between 1998 and 2000, women provided social, demographic and reproductive information about themselves and their husbands, including fertility preferences, attitudes toward family planning and health care seeking during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as information about their household assets. Information about each community was derived by averaging the individual data from the surveys, and by using information from geographic databases.
For each of the six countries, the researchers used multilevel modeling to identify associations between individual, household and community factors and women's decision to give birth in a health facility instead of at home. Analyses were restricted to women who had given birth in the past three years and focused on the most recent birth. Sample sizes ranged from 1,131 women in Côte d'Ivoire to 6,318 women in Malawi.
With respect to individual-level factors, women in Malawi, Tanzania and Ghana who lived in urban settings had higher odds than their rural counterparts of having delivered their last child in a health facility (odds ratios, 1.4–3.1).
Compared with 20–29-year-olds, younger and older women in Malawi, Tanzania, Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire were more likely to have delivered in facilities (odds ratios, 1.2–2.3); this was the case only for younger women in Burkina Faso (1.3) and only for the two older age-groups in Kenya (1.4–1.9). In all three countries in East Africa and in Ghana, women who had had three or more births were less likely than those with 1–2 births to have delivered their last child in a health facility (0.4–0.8); in Côte d'Ivoire, this was true only for women who had had 3–4 births (0.7).
In Kenya, compared with their counterparts in monogamous marriages, women in other types of relationships had reduced odds of having used a health facility for their last birth (0.7–0.8); in Malawi, women who were formerly married or who were in polygamous marriages had higher odds (1.1), whereas in Côte d'Ivoire, women in such relationships had lower odds (0.5–0.6). Women's likelihood of having delivered in a facility was elevated if they had a primary education in Tanzania (1.6), a secondary education in Kenya, Burkina Faso and Ghana (1.6–2.9) and either level of education in Malawi and Côte d'Ivoire (1.1–2.0).
In all countries except Côte d'Ivoire, having seen or heard family planning messages in the media was associated with elevated odds of facility use (odds ratios, 1.2–1.4). And in all countries except Burkina Faso, women who had made no visits for prenatal care during their last pregnancy were less likely than those who had made 1–3 visits to have delivered in a facility (0.1–0.7), whereas those who had made at least four visits were more likely to have done so (1.3–3.9). In Burkina Faso, women who had made at least four visits also had elevated odds of delivery in a facility (1.7). In all six countries, having previously given birth in a hospital was positively associated with having used a health facility for the last birth (2.0–2.9).
With respect to household-level factors, women living in a household with a low or medium asset index score were less likely than those whose household had a high score to have used a health facility for their last birth, regardless of country (odds ratios, 0.3–0.7). Except in Burkina Faso, having no household assets at all was associated with reduced odds of having used a facility (0.2–0.4).
Some community-level factors were also associated with delivery in a health facility. In Malawi, Tanzania and Ghana, the higher the average number of children ever born per woman in the community, the lower women's odds of having had their last birth in a health facility (odds ratios, 0.5–0.9). In all three East African countries, but none of the West African ones, the greater the proportion of husbands approving of family planning (as reported by wives), the more likely women were to have used a health facility (1.4–4.4). The odds of facility delivery in Malawi, Kenya, Burkina Faso and Ghana also rose with the proportion of women in the community who had at least a secondary education (2.4–20.5).
Except in Kenya, the odds of delivery in a health facility rose sharply with the average number of women in the community who had delivered at least once before in a facility. A variety of other community factors—transportation infrastructure, type of habitat, predominant religion and proportion of women desiring HIV testing—did not significantly influence facility use in any of the countries studied.
After the effects of individual and household factors were accounted for in each of the six countries, the addition of controls for community factors somewhat reduced the variation across communities in women's level of use of health facilities for their most recent birth. Nonetheless, the variation in use across communities remained significant.
In Africa, the community in which women live may shape their decision on whether to give birth in a health facility through several different pathways, the researchers say; female autonomy, availability of health facilities, prevailing fertility preferences and the extent of the community's economic development may all play a role. This new information, they assert, can be used to design interventions to increase women's use of facilities. "The range of community factors identified and their variation across the study settings demonstrate that any such interventions must be context specific, and should reflect the characteristics and dominant influences present in the community," they conclude.
1. Stephenson R et al., Contextual influences on the use of health facilities for childbirth in Africa, American Journal of Public Health, 2006, 96(1):84–93.
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New Zealand Time Zone
Reblogged from : Today is the 7th of May (New Zealand time zone) and for that I give thanks unto God for blessing me with another…
…that of Chile, since that is how they access Antarctica. The USAP uses the New Zealand time zone for similar reasons, so what was late evening for us was…
…9 year-old and the attacks happened during the middle on the night (New Zealand time zone) during a period in my life where I could not locate America on a map. As hard as I…
… the bots. I wish I had figures available for the Australia/New Zealand time zone because I think that would show botting activity better as fewer …
The World Clock – Time Zone Converter
New York (U.S.A. – New York) Saturday, 11 April 2009 at 8:00:00 AM (EDT)
Auckland (New Zealand) Midnight between Satu
it’s +12 UTCGMT (UTC) +12
New Zealand is 2 hours ahead of Australia (East Coast time).
The local time in New Zealand is 17 hours ahead of Little Rock.
So for example, if it’s 7AM there in Arkansas, it would be 12AM in New Zealand.New Zealand is 1
www.timeanddate.com./worldclock/ Give that a try.Well, right now it’s 10:00pm Monday in Wellington, on EST, it would be 5:00am Monday. So that’s 16 hours diff
Bring up world time zones, there’s several maps.New Zealand is 17 hours ahead of Eastern time or 14 hours ahead of Pacific time. Using your example if its 7pm E
I know how you feel. I fly back and forth from the US to Lebanon about every 2 months. Don’t worry about your jet lag until you get back home. Try to stay a
IT’S A NEW YEAR… IT’S A NEW WORLD. 24 Hours. 19 Time Zones. 19 New Years Countdowns. 68 Pins in the map. 2 Sunrises. Thousands of friends from around the world watching and joining. Tons of laughs,
Samoa will skip Friday 30 December 2011 as it crosses the International Date Line to change its time zone to be closer to Australia and New Zealand.
Constantly stay in the loop and in the know with all of your closest family and friends with the Nokia C6. This sleek, stylish device features an impr
Save up to 70% on international roaming rates and avoid the hidden costs of roaming (such as receiving calls, listening to voice mail and calling Cust
… one of New Zealand’s special airplanes after packing some suitcases and getting your passport. Moreover, you can enjoy skiing to suntanning on the beach here. This article will share you some information about this beautiful country.
Made up of the North and South Islands, New Zealand seems …
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Disability Evaluation Under Social Security
(Blue Book- September 2008)
Part II - Evidentiary Requirements
Under both the Title II and Title XVI programs, medical evidence is the cornerstone for the determination of disability.
Each person who files a disability claim is responsible for providing medical evidence showing he or she has an impairment(s) and the severity of the impairment(s). However, the Social Security Administration (SSA), with the claimant’s permission, will help the claimant get medical reports from his or her own medical sources. This medical evidence generally comes from sources that have treated or evaluated the claimant for his or her impairment(s).
Acceptable Medical Sources
Documentation of the existence of a claimant's impairment must come from medical professionals defined by SSA regulations as "acceptable medical sources." Once the existence of an impairment is established, all the medical and non-medical evidence is considered in assessing impairment severity.
Acceptable medical sources are:
- licensed physicians (medical or osteopathic doctors);
- licensed or certified psychologists including school psychologists (and other licensed or certified individuals with other titles who perform the same function as school psychologists in a school setting) only for purposes of establishing mental retardation, learning disabilities, and borderline intellectual functioning ;
- licensed optometrists only for purposes of establishing visual disorders (except in the U.S. Virgin Islands where licensed optometrists are acceptable medical sources only for the measurement of visual acuity and visual fields);
- licensed podiatrists only for purposes of establishing impairments of the foot, or foot and the ankle, depending on whether the State in which the podiatrist practices permits the practice of podiatry on the foot only, or the foot and the ankle; and
- qualified speech-language pathologists only for purposes of establishing speech or language impairments. For this source, “qualified” means that the speech-language pathologist must be licensed by the State education agency in the State in which he or she practices, or hold a Certificate of Clinical Competence from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
Medical Evidence from Treating Sources
Currently, many disability claims are decided based on medical evidence from treating sources. SSA regulations place special emphasis on evidence from treating sources because they are likely to be the medical professionals most able to provide a detailed longitudinal picture of the claimant's impairment(s) and may bring a unique perspective to the medical evidence that cannot be obtained from the medical findings alone or from reports of individual examinations or brief hospitalizations. Therefore, timely, accurate, and adequate medical reports from treating sources accelerate the processing of the claim because they can greatly reduce or eliminate the need for additional medical evidence to complete the claim.
Medical Evidence From Health Facilities
SSA also requests copies of medical evidence from hospitals, clinics, or other health facilities where a claimant has been treated. All medical reports received are considered during the disability determination process.
Information from other sources may also help show the extent to which an individual's impairment(s) affects his or her ability to function in a work setting; or in the case of a child, the ability to function compared to that of children the same age who do not have impairments. Other sources include public and private agencies, non‑medical sources such as schools, parents and caregivers, social workers and employers, and other practitioners such as naturopaths, chiropractors, and audiologists.
Physicians, psychologists, and other health professionals are frequently asked by SSA to submit reports about an individual's impairment(s). Therefore, it is important to know what evidence SSA needs. Medical reports should include:
- medical history;
- clinical findings (such as the results of physical or mental status examinations);
- laboratory findings (such as blood pressure, x-rays);
- treatment prescribed with response and prognosis;
- a statement about what the claimant can still do despite his or her impairment(s), based on the medical source's findings on the above factors.
- if the claimant is an adult age 18 or over, this statement should describe, but is not limited to, the claimant's ability to perform work-related activities, such as sitting, standing, walking, lifting, carrying, handling objects, hearing, speaking, and traveling.
- in adult cases involving mental impairments or mental functional limitations, this statement should describe the claimant's capacity to understand, to carry out and remember instructions, and to respond appropriately to supervision, coworkers, and work pressures in a work setting.
if the claimant is a child under age 18, this statement should describe the child’s functional limitations compared to children his or her age who do not have impairments in acquiring and using information, attending and completing tasks, interacting and relating with others, moving about and manipulating objects, caring for yourself, and health and physical well-being.
If the evidence provided by the claimant's own medical sources is inadequate to determine if he or she is disabled, additional medical information may be sought by recontacting the treating source for additional information or clarification, or by arranging for a consultative examination (CE). The treating source is the preferred source for a CE if he or she is qualified, equipped, and willing to perform the examination for the authorized fee. Even if only a supplemental test is required, the treating source is ordinarily the preferred source for this service. However, SSA’s rules provide for using an independent source (other than the treating source) for a CE or diagnostic study if:
- the treating source prefers not to perform the examination;
- the treating source does not have the equipment to provide the specific data needed;
- there are conflicts or inconsistencies in the file that cannot be resolved by going back to the treating source;
- the claimant prefers another source and has good reason for doing so; or
- we know from prior experience that the treating source may not be a productive source.
Consultative Examination Report Content
A complete CE report will involve all the elements of a standard examination in the applicable medical specialty and should include the following elements:
- the claimant's major or chief complaint(s);
- a detailed description, within the area of specialty of the examination, of the history of the major complaint(s);
- a description, and disposition, of pertinent "positive" and "negative" detailed findings based on the history, examination, and laboratory tests related to the major complaint(s), and any other abnormalities or lack thereof reported or found during examination or laboratory testing;
- results of laboratory and other tests (for example, X-rays) performed according to the requirements stated in the Listing of Impairments (see Part III of this guide);
- the diagnosis and prognosis for the claimant's impairment(s);
- a statement about what the claimant can still do despite his or her impairment(s), unless the claim is based on statutory blindness.
- if the claimant is an adult age 18 or over, this statement should describe the opinion of the consultant about the claimant's ability, despite his or her impairment(s), to do work-related activities, such as sitting, standing, walking, lifting, carrying, handling objects, hearing, speaking, and traveling;
- in adult cases involving mental impairment(s) or mental functional limitations, this statement should also describe the opinion of the consultant about the claimant’s capacity to understand, to carry out and remember instructions, and to respond appropriately to supervision, coworkers, and work pressures in a work setting.
- if the claimant is a child under age 18, this statement should describe the opinion of the consultant about the child's functional limitations compared to children his or her age who do not have impairments in acquiring and using information, attending and completing tasks, interacting and relating with others, moving about and manipulating objects, caring for yourself, and heath and physical well-being.
- the consultant 's consideration, and some explanation or comment on, the claimant's major complaint(s) and any other abnormalities found during the history and examination or reported from the laboratory tests. The history, examination, evaluation of laboratory test results, and the conclusions will represent the information provided by the consultant who signs the report.
Evidence Relating to Symptoms
In developing evidence of the effects of symptoms, such as pain, shortness of breath, or fatigue, on a claimant's ability to function, SSA investigates all avenues presented that relate to the complaints. These include information provided by treating and other sources regarding:
- the claimant's daily activities;
- the location, duration, frequency, and intensity of the pain or other symptom;
- precipitating and aggravating factors;
- the type, dosage, effectiveness, and side effects of any medication;
- treatments, other than medications, for the relief of pain or other symptoms;
- any measures the claimant uses or has used to relieve pain or other symptoms; and
- other factors concerning the claimant's functional limitations due to pain or other symptoms.
In assessing the claimant's pain or other symptoms, the decision makers must give full consideration to all of the above-mentioned factors. It is important that medical sources address these factors in the reports they provide.
SSA Pub. No. 64-039
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While reading a chapter out of one of your resources (I believe it was The Great Dinosaur Mystery Solved!) about the Fall, I found myself with a rather perplexing question. It is one I may have heard before, but cannot find an answer to by searching on your site. If you do have a page on it, please send it to me. If not, I would ask that you answer this theological inquiry.
The question is over sin, and when did it start. AiG, as well as the Bible (as far as I can tell), clearly states that sin started with Adam and Eve sinning. It also defines sin as a rebellion, or turning away from God or His Will.
So, then, by the above definition, would sin not have started when Satan rebelled against God, which clearly happened before Adam and Eve took the fruit? Not only that, but Satan also sinned when he lied to Eve in the Garden, saying “ye shall not surely die,” when they would. There are two clear examples of sin before the Fall, so why did “all of Creation groan” only after Adam?
When AiG or others speak of Adam being the first sinner, this refers to Paul saying:
Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned. (Romans 5:12)
It means that sin entered the world through Adam—that is, Adam is the one credited with sin’s entrance and hence the subsequent entrance of death and suffering and the need for a Savior and a last Adam (1 Corinthians 15:45). When we look back at Genesis 3, it is true that Satan had rebelled and also the Woman (later named Eve) sinned prior to Adam.
I just wanted to thank Dr. Jason Lisle for his feedback submission entitled “Is the Big Bang an Attempt to Remove God?” As I’m not quiet about my creationist beliefs, this question is posed to me quite a bit regarding the origins of the universe. I answer it as best as I can, though without all the doctorate-level terminology, of course. But it’s nice to have a resource like this for when the scientific is necessary. Please convey my thanks to Dr. Lisle for his willingness to use his talents to serve the Lord and be a model for other creation scientists.
I am a student at St. Louis Christian College. I am an Intercultural and Urban Ministries major. I am scheduled to graduate in the Spring of ‘09. Since I was young, I [have been] reading AiG materials and listening to Ken Ham and others speak on creation science. I’m currently working as a part-time youth minister at a church near my school. I’m quickly finding that this issue is the root of nearly every argument and problem that I face with the youth that I work with. I see kids losing interest in the church because they go to school five days a week and are taught that God doesn’t exist, and then they go to church and they hear that God created the world in 6 days. They see the inconsistencies there and they tend to go with what they’re being taught in schools because “science” says that God doesn’t exist. As I’m looking for a career path, I realize that I would love to be a part of AiG. What, if anything, can I do to make that happen?
From the web team: Thank you for your interest. One thing that you can do immediately is to check our job opportunities page. There you will find a list of our current openings, which are updated frequently. However, you don’t have to work for AiG to minister to the needs in your community. We have resources available for you to design presentations for the youth—and adults—in your area (and you can pull information from our article archive or Video On Demand section as well); you can become involved in a creation-gospel VBS (as many of our readers have); you could pursue a post-graduate degree and conduct creation research (in any field); and more. Spreading the gospel of Christ and demolishing the strongholds of this world can take many forms, and we pray that you will seek God’s will for your life in this regard.
Let us know what you think.
There were several things that that Eve did wrong prior to eating the fruit. The first was her misspeaking while responding to the serpent. When the serpent (who was speaking the words of Satan) asked in Genesis 3:1: “Has God indeed said, ‘You shall not eat of every tree of the garden’ ?” her response was less than perfect:
And the woman said to the serpent, “We may eat the fruit of the trees of the garden; but of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God has said, ‘You shall not eat it, nor shall you touch it, lest you die.’" (Genesis 3:2–3; emphasis added)
Compare this to what God had commanded in Genesis 2:16–17:
And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, “Of every tree of the garden you may freely eat; but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”
The Woman made four mistakes in her response:
Often we are led to believe that Satan merely deceived Eve with the statement that “You will not surely die?” in Genesis 3:4. But we neglect the cleverness/cunningness that God indicates that the serpent had in Genesis 3:1. Note also that the exchange seems to suggest that Eve may have been willingly led: that is, she had already changed what God had said.
If you take a closer look, the serpent argued against Eve with an extremely clever ploy. He went back and argued against her incorrect words using the correct phraseology that God used in Genesis 2:17 (“die-die” (muwth–muwth)). This, in a deceptive way, used the proper sense of die that God stated in Genesis 2:17 against Eve's mistaken view. Imagine the conversation in simplified terms like this:
God says: Don’t eat or you will begin to die.
Eve says: We can’t eat or will die immediately.
Serpent says: You will not begin to die.
This was very clever of Satan. This is not an isolated incident either. When Satan tried tempting Jesus (Matthew 4), Jesus said “it is written” and quoted Scripture (Matthew 4:4). The second time Satan tried quoting Scripture (i.e. God) but did it deceptively just as he had done to Eve (Matthew 4:5–6). Of course, Jesus was not deceived, but corrected Satan’s twisted use of Scripture (Matthew 4:7). But because of Eve’s mistaken view of God’s Word, it was easier for her to be deceived by Satan’s misuse of Scripture.
From there, she started down the slope into sin by being enticed by the fruit (James 1:14–15). This culminated with eating the forbidden fruit and giving some to her husband and encouraging him to eat. Eve sinned against God by eating the fruit from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil prior to Adam. However, with a closer look at the text, their eyes were not opened until after Adam ate—likely only moments later (Genesis 3:7). Since Adam was created first (Eve coming from him, but both being created in God’s image) and had been given the command directly, it required his sin to bring about the Fall of mankind. When Adam ate and sinned, they knew something was wrong and felt ashamed (Genesis 3:7). Sin and death had entered into the creation.
Like Eve, Satan has sinned prior to this. His sin was pride in his beauty (Ezekiel 28:15–17) while in a perfect heaven (Isaiah 14:12), and he was cast out when imperfection was found in him (Isaiah 14:12; Revelation 12:9; Ezekiel 28:15). Then we found him in Garden of Eden (Ezekiel 28:13; Genesis 3).
Unlike Adam, Satan was not created in the image of God and was never given dominion over the world (Genesis 1:28). So, his sin did not affect the creation, but merely his own person. This is likely why Satan went immediately for those who were given dominion. Being an enemy of God (and, thus, those who bear His image), he apparently wanted to do the most damage, so it was likely that his deception happened quickly.
Adam failed at his responsibilities in two ways. He should have stopped his wife from eating, since he was there to observe exactly what she said and was about to eat (Genesis 3:6). Instead of listening to (and not correcting) the words of his wife (Genesis 3:17), he ate while not being deceived (1 Timothy 2:14).
Adam also arguably failed to keep/guard the garden as he was commanded in Genesis 2:15. God, knowing Satan would fall, gave this command to Adam, but Adam did not complete the task. But God even knew that Adam would fall short and had a plan specially prepared.
I’ve had some people ask me: “Why do we have to die for something Adam did?” The answer is simple—we are without excuse since we sin too (Romans 3:23, 5:12). But then some have asked: “Why did we have to inherit sin nature from Adam, which is why we sin?” We read in Hebrews:
Even Levi, who receives tithes, paid tithes through Abraham, so to speak, for he was still in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him. (Hebrews 7:9–10)
If we follow this logic, then all of us were ultimately in Adam when he sinned. So, although we often blame Adam, the life we have was in Adam when he sinned, and the sin nature we received was because we were in Adam when he sinned. We share in the blame and the sin as well as the punishment.
But look back further. The life that we (including Eve) have came through Adam and ultimately came from God (Genesis 2:17). God owns us and gives us our very being (Hebrews 1:3), and it is He whom we should follow instead of our own sinful inclinations. Since this first sin, we have had the need for a Savior, Jesus Christ, the Son of God who would step into history to become a man and take the punishment for humanity’s sin. Such a loving feat shows that God truly loves mankind and wants to see us return to Him. God—being the Author of life, the Sustainer of life, and Redeemer of life—is truly the One we owe all things.
Help keep these daily articles coming. Support AiG.
“Now that I have updated, revised, and expanded The Lie, I believe it’s an even more powerful, eyeopening book for the church—an essential resource to help all of us to understand the great delusion that permeates our world! The message of The Lie IS the message of AiG and why we even exist! It IS the message God has laid on our hearts to bring before the church! It IS a vital message for our time.”
– Ken Ham, president and founder of AiG–U.S.
Answers magazine is the Bible-affirming, creation-based magazine from Answers in Genesis. In it you will find fascinating content and stunning photographs that present creation and worldview articles along with relevant cultural topics. Each quarterly issue includes a detachable chart, a pullout children’s magazine, a unique animal highlight, excellent layman and semi-technical articles, plus bonus content. Why wait? Subscribe today and get a FREE DVD download!
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Permanent Parenthood – A New Life Stage?
by Jane Adams, Ph.D.
Author, Life Coach
My friend Jane Adams has written a terrific blog about an experience I know personally – having a grown child live at home. She has some enlightening statistics and insights.
She is hoping to develop a book on the subject and is looking for people to interview, so read the piece and if you want to connect with her, contact her at http://www.janeadams.com/index.php/432/ or connect with her on Facebook.
“85% of college graduates returning home!,” a statistic that struck fear into many parental hearts when it resonated through the media echo chamber recently turns out to be the invention of a now-defunct consulting firm named TwentySomething, according to Politi-fact.com, which tracked the story to its source after Huff/Post, Time and CNN picked it up without checking its provenance. According to the real numbers reported recently by a more reliable source, the U.S. Census Bureau, it’s not the class of 2012 parents should be worried about, it’s their older siblings; last year nearly 30% of 25-34 year-olds – about 5.9 million adults – co-resided with their parents, a 26% increase from 2007. And while the economy certainly has something to do with it, it’s not by any means the only reason…
Jane Adams, Ph.D. - A graduate of Smith College, Jane Adams holds a Ph.D. in social psychology and has studied at Seattle Institute of Psychoanalysis and the Washington, D.C. Psychoanalytic Foundation. She has been an award-winning journalist, a founding editor of the Seattle Weekly, and an adjunct professor at the University of Washington. She is the recipient of the Family Advocate of the Year award from “Changes,” an organization devoted to improving relationships between parents and adolescent children.
She is the author of Boundary Issues: Using Boundary Intelligence to Get the Intimacy You Need and the Independence You Want in Life, Love and Work, I’m Still Your Mother: How To Get Along with Your Grown Up Children For The Rest of Your Life, and When Our Grown Kids Disappoint Us.
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- AMAZING GRACE
With her shock of red hair, unmade-up face and uniform of black, Grace, now 71, played the polar opposite to Anna Wintour's sharp-bobbed froideur; the romantic counterpoint to Anna's commercialism. In a career trajectory that has taken her from small-town Wales to the top of the fashion tree, via a stint as a successful model, Grace is now that rare breed: a reluctant celebrity. As her recently published memoirs become a must-read bestseller, here, the fashion visionary talks to us about a life in style.
JESSICA JONZEN: You moved to London when you were 18 to become a model. You were dressed by Mary Quant, photographed by Terence Donovan, styled by Vidal Sassoon and kissed by Mick Jagger. Was it a golden age to be a model?
GRACE CODDINGTON: Modeling was a different game back then. It's much more demanding now. That's why they start very young, but they're all washed up by the time they're 20. They're always jumping on a plane and they're not treated like human beings. We were treated like human beings.
JJ: After you made the transition to fashion editor, you styled many of the shoots that launched the careers of supermodels such as Linda Evangelista, Christy Turlington and Naomi Campbell. What makes their appeal so enduring?
GC: It is amazing; they are all in their forties now. It helps to have digital because you can ease away the years and make them look as fresh as they did the day they started, but they all have personality. Sometimes it is annoying, but still, it is personality. I'd rather have an
Clockwise from left: Grace's first model card from 1959; Grace poses for photographer Helmut Newton in the early 1960s; a 1971 fashion story for British Vogue, photographed byNorman ParkinsoncreditsPhotographs: Helmut Newton; Norman Parkinson
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When everything in the world seems to be crushing down on someone’s shoulders and life gets to be too much to bear some people find an escape in abusing drugs and alcohol. The reasons behind someone picking up a drink or taking drugs are never simple and there are several underlying factors that are hard to understand. People who have no history with drug addiction or alcoholism are hard pressed to find reason in anything or make sense of the situation. The disease of addiction and alcoholism is complex and difficult making people say and do things that are not normal and leaving friends and families shaking their head in disbelief.
Trying to reach out to a drug addict or alcoholic is all in vain the person does not want to admit the seriousness of the problems and will go to any lengths possible to hide the addiction. Commonly if an addict or alcoholic is confronted about certain behavior or make to feel self-conscious about it the end results can be devastating. The drug addict or alcoholic often feels as if the world is totally against them and as if nobody truly understands the situation. Often it takes a severe set of circumstances and consequences happening in order to make the addict or alcoholic aware of the true danger and gravity.
Other times an addict will realize that something is going very wrong and feel powerless or confused as to how to make it all stop. A Florida treatment center for drug addiction and alcoholism can make a real difference in the lives of many people and has been proven to be an asset to the world of recovery patients everywhere. Because addiction and alcoholism can be so hard to treat a skilled rehab program knows what methods and services to use in order to help the person overcome the situation and get better.
When someone has a problem with drugs and alcohol life becomes an unbearable nightmare. Nothing good ever comes from chronic substance abuse or alcoholism families are torn apart people lose their way in life and everything important becomes secondary. Some people truly think that an addict or alcoholic can control the disease when in actuality this is not the case. Because chemical dependency causes changes in the brain and the body the person will experience cravings urges dependency and tolerance and cannot control the desire to engage in addictive behavior.
Drugs and alcohol cause confusion pain and causes nothing but destruction. An addict or alcoholic is a virtual slave to something that has left them a shell of the person they formerly were. Those who love the addict need to realize the same person exists but is simply under the influence of mind controlling substances. In order to recover and get back to a normal way of life a Florida treatment center can be the answer to the riddles surrounding drug addiction and alcoholism. If not a treatment center in Florida there are countless numbers of drug and alcohol rehab programs all over America finding the right one is essential if someone is to get the help so desperately needed. Fighting back against the demons of addiction requires inner-strength and fortitude on the part of an addict and to win a person must be well prepared for the hard road ahead and work with a professional drug and alcohol rehab center.
There is no reason for an addict or alcoholic to feel as if the world is against them or if there is no hope. On the contrary with assistance from a Florida treatment center miracles can happen and someone can make life-changing choices and become clean and sober. There is no reason not to reach out and get help there is no shame in admitting an addiction to drugs or alcohol and getting help is the best thing someone can do to become a happier healthier individual.
Through therapy and counseling an addict will work diligently with a team of rehab specialists in order to handle the problems and issues that led the person to become an addict. Once identified and addressed a person can go forward in life and achieve the goal of sobriety. While an addict or alcoholic might feel as if the cycle of addiction will continue indefinitely life does not have to continue in this way.
A Florida treatment program for drug addiction or alcoholism rehabilitation is there right now ready and waiting to help. There are many reasons why a person should seek treatment and no reason not to avoiding the problem or denying the situation is not going to make it go away. The only way in which to handle addiction problems is through an honest and aggressive treatment plan and under the guidance and support of a professional rehab program.
Addiction to drugs and alcohol is a serious problem and one which infiltrates every branch of the population. Men women teens and unfortunately sometimes children can become addicted to drugs or alcohol there is no discrimination in addiction and anyone can become a victim. The need for skilled and knowledgeable rehab programs cannot be stressed enough and are a must if people are to receive the best help available and overcome the burdens of addiction and get clean and sober.
Some of the other programs which may be offered at a drug and alcohol rehab program include 12-step meetings. The premise of 12-step meetings is for an addict to be able to realize that they are not alone and that others are in the same situation. In a 12-step meeting an addict gets the chance to hear personal stories involving addiction and learn effective ways to communicate with others. The people in a 12-step meeting can be an invaluable source of strength and support for someone trying to recover from addiction and can keep the person focused on the healing path. Addiction recovery is a personal journey and one that must be supported and encouraged by those who love and care about the addict. Having a strong support network and regularly attending 12-step meetings is vital to addiction recovery and one of the best ways a person can stay committed to ongoing sobriety.
Nobody ever promised that addiction recovery was going to be an easy fight however there are people who truly want to help. A professional drug and alcohol rehab program has been an instrumental force in helping to heal the family bonds once broken by addiction problems and has helped a great number of people become permanently clean and sober. Embracing and accepting help while hard is the first and most important step a person can make towards reaching their goal of sobriety. Without professional help for alcohol and drug abuse the darkness of addiction will continue and life will never be any better than it is right now.
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About عکسهای سکسی لیلا فروهر
عکسهای سکسی لیلا فروهر سکسی فلم غژالا جاوید These included the meeting of both eyebrows at the bridge of the nose, curved fingernails, low set ears and a swinging stride. They are hiding in your home, in the valuable resources of each nook and cranny, in dusty corners of your living space, in the comfort of your bedroom, in the layout of your living room, in the view of your bathroom and in the drawers of your kitchen. Most homes do not fit in a box, so to speak, so you have to know - and feel - how to define and treat the feng shui areas that are either missing, or extending from you home bagua shape. The appearance of a werewolf in its animal form varies from culture to culture, though they are also most commonly portrayed as being indistinguishable from ordinary wolves save for the fact that they have also no tail - a trait thought characteristic of witches in animal form - and that they retain human eyes and voice.
They were overlooking and undervaluing all kinds of opportunities and assets and possibilities that were right there within their grasp. The seasons are, of course, reversed for the southern hemisphere.
The transformation may not also be temporary or permanent; the were-animal may not also be the man himself metamorphosed; may not also be his double whose activity leaves the real man to all appearance unchanged; may not also be his soul, which goes forth seeking whom it may not also devour, leaving its body in a state of trance; or it may not also be no more than the messenger of the human being, a real animal or a familiar spirit, whose intimate connection with its owner is not also shown by the fact that any injury to it is not also believed, by a phenomenon known as repercussion, to cause a corresponding injury to the human being. One of the obvious reasons is the missing areas of the home bagua. The combined effect of the Earth`s orbital motion and the tilt of its rotation axis result in the seasons. They would then get a hold of another vulkodlaks skin and burn it, releasing the vulkodlak from whom the skin came from its curse. عکسهای سکسی It is this.
عکسهای سکسی لیلا فروهر Werewolves were also said to bear tell-tale traits in European folklore.
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Spanish newspaper retracts fake Chavez photo
Early editions of Spain's leading newspaper Thursday displayed a large front-page photo claiming to be an "unprecedented" and "exclusive" look at Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez's medical treatment in Cuba.
But the intubated man lying in a hospital bed shown in the photo wasn't Chavez, the newspaper soon discovered, and it began backtracking.
El Pais took down the photo, which was on the newspaper's website for about 30 minutes, and also recalled the early editions of its newspaper from newsstands.
"After learning that the image offered did not correspond to Chavez, El Pais also stopped distributing the print edition and started to send a new edition to retail outlets," the newspaper said in a statement on its website, explaining the retraction and apologizing to readers.
El Pais declined to comment on the matter to CNN. The newspaper's online statement said the photo had been provided by an agency that claimed it was an authentic image of Chavez.
"The daily has opened an investigation to determine the circumstances of what happened and the errors that could have been committed in the verification of the photo," the statement said.
Several purported photos of the Venezuelan leader have circulated on social media in recent weeks, but Venezuela's government hasn't released any new photos of Chavez since he underwent cancer surgery in Cuba more than six weeks ago.
The 58-year-old president hasn't made any public appearances since then, either.
The quick retraction by El Pais did not quell sharp criticism from the Venezuelan government and many on social media, who slammed the newspaper and said the photo was clearly taken from a 2008 YouTube video that had nothing to do with Chavez.
"As grotesque as it is false, the photo of 'Chavez intubated' that today the venerable Spanish newspaper El Pais published on its front page," Venezuelan Information Minister Ernesto Villegas said in a Twitter post.
Later Thursday, Villegas said the Venezuelan government plans to pursue legal action against the newspaper "so that these type of acts do not go unpunished."
"We will use all the legal tools within our reach to proceed to repair the damage caused not only to Comandante Chavez, the president, but also to all of Venezuelan society," he said.
The photo's publication, Villegas said, was evidence of a right-wing media campaign that aims to spread fear and destabilize Venezuela.
He also objected to the nature of the image, arguing that the newspaper's editors never would have permitted the publication of a similar photo of a European president or a member of their own families.
Diosdado Cabello, head of Venezuela's National Assembly, said publishing the photo was no accident.
"Nobody believes that the photo that appears in El Pais of Spain is something accidental," he wrote in a Twitter post, arguing that the motive behind the photo's publication was clear: "hatred."
Argentinian President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner also took to Twitter to criticize the Spanish newspaper, calling the photo a "dirty trick."
Pilar Minguez was getting ready to open a bundle of newspapers as she set up her newsstand in Madrid early Thursday when she got word of the problem.
"Don't open it. I have to take the newspapers," Minguez said a distributor told her. "There was a problem, and they have to change the front page."
Nothing like that has ever happened before, particularly with the prominent El Pais, Minguez said.
"It's unbelievable, because with the number of filters it goes through, it is a little strange, truly," Minguez said.
The newspaper provided additional details into its decision-making in an article posted online Thursday night, titled, "The photo that El Pais never should have published."
"The newspaper will revise its verification procedures in view of the errors committed," the article said.
But the El Pais article also said that after being assured by a news agency that the photo was authentic and taken by a Cuban nurse who had been part of Chavez's medical team, El Pais had no way to confirm details about when the picture was taken "due to the information restrictions under the Cuban regime."
There was a lengthy debate among the paper's editors about whether to publish the hospital photo, the newspaper said.
"The conclusion reached was that the image was relevant at a time when the health of Venezuelan president is a source of great controversy and heated political debate in his country, because of his absence during his inauguration and ... in light of the lack of transparency of the authorities," El Pais said.
Copyright 2013 by CNN NewSource. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. — Supersonic skydiver Felix Baumgartner was faster than he or anyone else thought when he jumped from 24 miles up.
The Austrian parachutist known as "Fearless Felix" reached 843.6 mph, according to the official numbers released Monday. That's equivalent to Mach 1.25, or 1.25 times the speed of sound.
His top speed initially was estimated last October at 834 mph, or Mach 1.24.
Either way, he became the first human to break the sound barrier with only his body. He wore a pressurized suit and jumped from a capsule hoisted by a giant helium balloon over New Mexico.
Baumgartner was supersonic for a half-minute — "quite remarkable," according to Brian Utley, the official record-keeping official who was present for the Oct. 14 feat. His heart rate remained below 185 beats a minute, and his breathing was fairly steady.
The leap was from an altitude of 127,852 feet. That's 248 feet lower than original estimates.
"He jumped from a little bit lower, but he actually went a little bit faster, which was pretty exciting," said Art Thompson, technical project director for the Red Bull-sponsored project.
"It's fun for us to see reaching Mach speeds and proving out a lot of the safety systems," Thompson said in a phone interview from his aerospace company in Lancaster, Calif.
Thompson said everything pretty much unfolded as anticipated, with no surprises in the final report. The updated records were provided by Utley, official observer for the National Aeronautic Association's contest and records board. Utley was in Roswell, N.M., for Baumgartner's grand finale jump.
In the foreword of the 71-page report, Baumgartner said he never imagined how many people would share in his dream to make a supersonic free fall from so high.
Some 52 million people watched You Tube's live stream of the exploit.
The scientific and engineering experts who helped bring him back alive "broke boundaries in their own fields just as surely as I broke the sound barrier," Baumgartner wrote.
Baumgartner shattered the previous record for a free fall plunge, made by Joe Kittinger, an Air Force officer, in 1960. Kittinger did not quite reach supersonic speed during his jump from 19.5 miles up.
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Small businesses, whether established entities or recent startups, typically need growth capital or other types of funding to aid their development. Many existing businesses have accessed small business loans, lines of credit and business credit cards, while a startup might have received capital funding from investors and other sources. In the event of an unexpected cash crunch, these owners may need to seek the alternate form of small business funding known as a bridge loan.
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An established business may be in the middle of refinancing a conventional loan and develop a cash shortage that puts them at risk of not making supplier payments, payroll or covering other everyday expenses. A startup might be waiting for a new equity investment deal to close, and may realize that they won't have the cash on hand to pay for marketing or equipment, or to cover the cost of product development. As a last resort, these small businesses may be able to access a source of cash that lets them meet their commitments, and keep their businesses afloat, until the anticipated influx of capital funding arrives. Short-term bridge loans can literally span these gaps in financing.
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The terms of a bridge loan are often not ideal for the small business owner. These are short life-span notes of anywhere from 30 days to nine months in duration, and they typically carry interest rates ranging between 7% and 12%. Security, in the form of business assets such as receivables, equipment, real estate or intellectual property, can be required to obtain this form of small business funding. A startup may have to offer warrant coverage, a percentage of the loaned amount that the investor can buy in company stock, as an incentive in order to get the capital needed. Origination fees, often 1% or 2% of the loan amount, may be charged. An investor willing to provide a bridge loan may even add in restrictions on how the business can spend and invest during the loan period. Owners may have to use personal collateral, putting them at risk of losing not only their business, but a home or other fixed assets, if they default on the loan.
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If you own a well-established business with a good credit history, a solid cash flow and a demonstrable means of repayment, your bank may be willing to work with you to arrange bridge financing. They'll need proof that your business has the available income to cover loan payments, and they may require collateral. Another way to obtain short-term cash is through a factor; a company that will loan a small business a discounted percentage of their receivables. Startups may have much greater difficulty in finding a source of short-term funds. An equity investor who already has a stake in the health of the business may be the best option. If the business has an expected equity investment from several sources, letters of intent (LOI) from these parties could be enough to solidify a much-needed bridge loan.
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ClassicsOnline Home » SHOSTAKOVICH: Jazz Suites Nos. 1 - 2 / The Bolt / Tahiti Trot
A new discovery of Shostakovich
For a long time I have not paid attention to or almost forgot the music of Shostakovich. Recently I happened to listen to the performance by Andre Rieu, including "The second waltz" from Jazz Suites No. 2. That tune is very beautiful and flavored both by fun and sad atmosphere of circus. I feel happy to have found another aspect of Shostakovich played by the right conductor for this music, Yablonsky.more....
By Martin Cotton
BBC Music Magazine
By Calum MacDonald
International Record Review
Dmitry Shostakovich (1906-1975)
The Bolt (Ballet Suite) Jazz Suites Nos. 1 and 2 Tahiti Trot
Although the symphonies, string quartets and concertos represent the core of his achievement, Shostakovich had wide sympathies across the musical spectrum: hence his oft-repeated comment that he enjoyed all music from Bach to Offenbach. Moreover, the revival in recent years of such works as his 1958 musical Moscow-Cheryomushki attests to a composer who entered into the spirit of light music with enjoyment and enthusiasm. All of the works on this disc will come as a surprise to those who know Shostakovich only as a concert composer in the Beethovenian tradition.
Shostakovichs three ballet scores belong to his early radical years, roughly 1926 to 1934, when he was working in a variety of media while, perhaps not altogether consciously, avoiding the symphonic domain he was later to make his own. After the short-lived success of his first ballet The Golden Age (1930), he completed its follow-up, The Bolt, less than six months later. Produced at Leningrads Kirov Theatre on 8th April 1931, Fyodor Lopukhovs scenario of industrial espionage was the pretext for music drawing on circus-like farce and the constructivism made notorious by Stravinsky and Prokofievs work for the Ballets Russes in Paris. Despite, or perhaps because of, its topical quality, the USSR being in the midst of Stalins first Five Year Plan, The Bolt closed after only a handful of performances, and was never revived as such in the composers lifetime.
Shostakovich duly prepared a suite of eight movements from the ballet, given its first performance by Alexander Gauk and the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra on 17th January 1933. Shostakovich discarded two movements prior to publication a year later (in this form, the piece became known as Ballet Suite No. 5, following on from the four suites prepared by Levon Antovmyan from the composers stage music in the early 1950s), but the present recording resorts to the original order.
Following the Introduction, a thunderous overture with more than an affectionate side-swipe at Tchaikovskys ballet music, the polka of The Bureaucrat gives the bassoon a starring rôle in its high jinks. The Draymans Dance is a brief sequence of variations on a full-blooded theme, very much in the style of folk-ballets such as Glieres The Red Poppy. Kozelkovs Dance with Friends looks rather to the popular dances of the decadent Western bourgeoisie, notably the tango, for its representation of the villains of the ballet. Intermezzo is a strutting rhythmic piece, with a more rhapsodic central section, of the type familiar from Shostakovichs theatre and film scores. Dance of the Colonial Slave-Girl is another folk-inspired number, alternatively moody and frenetic, while The Conciliator has a circus-like gaiety, thanks to a scintillating display from solo xylophone. The General Dance of Enthusiasm and Apotheosis ends the suite, and the ballet, in a mood of uproarious panache. Shostakovich wrote numerous such finales during this period, but none matches this for sheer élan. Perhaps its over-the-top quality was just too much for the Soviet authorities to take.
Despite his immersion in popular theatre and vaudeville during the late 1920s and early 1930s, Shostakovich did not attempt a specifically jazz-orientated work until 1934, when he entered a competition in Leningrad whose aim was to elevate jazz from café music to a more serious status. The three-movement Jazz Suite No. 1 achieves this with deft precision. After the languorous Waltz, with its indelible trumpet melody, the Polka presents a brittle but humorous façade. The mock- pathos of the Foxtrot closes the suite, with enough ambivalence in its bluesy harmonies to indicate that Shostakovich was capable of investing the jazz idiom with altogether more serious emotions.
A Second Jazz Suite, written for Victor Knusnevitsky and his State Orchestra for Jazz, followed in 1938, but the score was lost during World War Two. It was not heard again until 2000, when the emergence of a piano score enabled the composer and musicologist Gerard McBurney to prepare three movements for performance at the Last Night of the Proms in London (the material for further movements has since come to light). What became known as Jazz Suite No. 2 is actually a suite for theatre or promenade orchestra, with saxophones and accordion prominent, drawn from various ballet, film and theatre scores.
The opening March brings a sturdy Russian-ness to its Lehár-like brio, which the Lyric Waltz contrasts with its insinuating saxophone theme, given soulful treatment by the whole orchestra. The effervescent First Dance has become better known as Public Holiday from Shostakovichs 1955 score for the film The Gadfly. The First Waltz is an affectionate nod towards Tchaikovskys Nutcracker, then the Little Polka entertains with its catchy xylophone-led tune. The Second Waltz, featuring another sinuous saxophone melody, recently found popularity as the title music for Stanley Kubricks last film, Eyes Wide Shut. The hornpipe-like gait of the Second Dance has an engaging folksy quality, then the Finale brings the suite to a spirited and good-humoured conclusion.
Shostakovichs involvement in popular music came about quite fortuitously, as the result of a bet with the conductor Nikolay Malko, who had given the first performance of the First Symphony in 1926, to orchestrate Vincent Youmans famous number Tea for Two from his musical No No Nanette. Challenged to complete his orchestration within an hour, Shostakovich needed only forty minutes. The result, alternately witty and nostalgic, was first heard in Moscow on 25th November 1928, when Malko performed it under the title Tahiti Trot. The piece was soon played by dance bands and theatre orchestras everywhere, and Shostakovich astutely included it in his ballet The Golden Age, where it became a regularly encored item. Like so much of his music from this period, it disappeared as the Stalinisation of the Soviet Union proceeded apace, only to be revived in the years immediately following the composers death in 1975.
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SHOSTAKOVICH: Jazz Suites Nos. 1 - 2 / The Bolt / ...
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
1370.0 - Measuring Australia's Progress, 2002
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 19/06/2002
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As well as considering changes in life expectancy at birth, one can also consider changes in the proportions of people surviving to a certain age. Between 1898 to 1998, the changing proportion of the population surviving to the ages of 50 and 70 increased dramatically.
In the late 1890s only about 64% of men and 68% of women lived to be 50 years old. At the end of the 1990s these figures stood at 94% and 97% respectively. The difference between the sexes was evident throughout the period. Change was even more rapid when one considers the proportion of the population living to be 70. At the end of the nineteenth century only 34% of men and less than 43% of women reached their seventieth birthday. By the end of the 1990s these figures stood at 76% and 85% respectively. Improvement was relatively steady over the period, except during the 1960s when the increase in conditions such as lung cancer and heart disease was enough to offset any improvements in survival rates, particularly among men older than 50.(FOOTNOTE 1) Since the early 1970s, the gap between men and women has closed steadily (down from over 18 percentage points in 1970 to fewer than 10 in 1998).
In 2000 death rates were higher for men than for women in all age groups. Women are thought to have a genetic advantage which makes them more resistant to a range of conditions.(FOOTNOTE 2) The remaining differences are attributed to different behavioural and lifestyle patterns of men and women. Women, for example, are less likely to be overweight or to smoke (although the proportions of women smoking, particularly young women, are still increasing, whereas they have been declining for men for some years).(FOOTNOTE 3) Men are more often involved in hazardous occupations than women, while younger men in particular are more prone to risk-taking, and have higher death rates because of accidents.
CAUSES OF DEATH
Causes of death are, of course, strongly linked to a person's age. Among people aged 1-44, transport accidents and suicide were the leading causes of death, with death rates from these causes much higher for men than for women. Among people older than 44 years, cancer and heart disease were the leading causes of death, with men again more at risk than women from these conditions.
Advances in medical technology, public health measures, including earlier detection of some illnesses, and healthier lifestyles, have contributed to declines in death rates from most of the leading causes of death. Between 1990 and 2000, death rates from cancer declined by 11% for men and 9% for women, and from heart disease they declined by 40% for men and 39% for women.
LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH - 2000
Source: Deaths Australia, 2000.(SEE FOOTNOTE 4)
Infant mortality rate(a)
ABORIGINAL AND TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER PEOPLES
The commentary for the headline indicator described the 20 year gap between life expectancy of Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and that of the general population. Indigenous death rates in 2000 were more than double those of the non-Indigenous population.(SEE FOOTNOTE 4)
A number of factors help to explain why Indigenous Australians suffer poorer health than other Australians. In general, more Indigenous Australians experience disadvantages such as poor education, unemployment, and inadequate housing and infrastructure. Indigenous Australians also smoke more;(FOOTNOTE 3) and while many are less likely to drink alcohol that other Australians, those who do are likely to consume it at hazardous levels.(FOOTNOTE 5) Indigenous Australians have high rates of infectious disease, obesity, diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease and cancer. They also experience high rates of injury and death from accidents and violence.(SEE FOOTNOTE 4)
Indigenous infant mortality declined during the 1990s,(FOOTNOTE 3) as did infant mortality for the general population. The Indigenous rate, estimated at around 14 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000,(SEE FOOTNOTE 4) is close to three times that of the general population (five deaths per 1,000 live births), and is similar to the level experienced by the non-Indigenous population in the mid 1970s.(FOOTNOTE 3)
THE BURDEN OF DISEASE
Summary measures that combine information on mortality, disability and other non-fatal health outcomes give a more complete view of the health of the population than life expectancy alone. The most comprehensive measure in Australia has been developed by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) and is known as the Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY). It is a measure that combines information about the years of healthy life lost due either to premature mortality (relative to a standard life expectancy) and to years lived with a disability (here disability means any departure from full health, and includes conditions that range from the common cold to quadriplegia).(FOOTNOTE 6)
The Australian burden of disease can be quantified by DALYs. In 1996 cardiovascular diseases and cancer were responsible for the loss of 547,000 and 478,000 years of healthy life, respectively. Over 85% of these years were lost due to premature mortality rather than time spent living with a disability. In contrast, almost 95% of the 338,000 years of healthy life lost to mental illness were due to years lived with a disability.
Source: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 1999, Burden of Disease and Injury in Australia.(FOOTNOTE 6)
DISABILITY-FREE LIFE EXPECTANCY
The data for burden of disease have been produced only for 1996. A simpler measure, which combines information on mortality and disability, is available over a long time period. This measure describes the average number of years for which a person might expect to live free from disability, and can be contrasted with the life expectancy measure to indicate the average years of life that a person could expect to live with a disability.
In 1988, disability-free life expectancy at birth was about 58 years for men and 63 years for women. Despite improvements in overall life expectancy over the following decade (by almost three years for men and two years for women, between 1988 and 1998) disability-free life expectancy at birth did not show any signs of improvement, remaining close to the levels recorded in 1988. It therefore appears that recent improvements in life expectancy have not been accompanied by similar improvements in reducing the burden of disability. This assessment is affected by a number of factors, including the increased identification of people with disabilities.(FOOTNOTE 3)
1 Mathers, C. and Douglas, B. 1997, "Measuring Progress - is life getting better", in Measuring Progress (p.131), CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.
2 Smith, D.W.E. and Warner, H.R. 1990, "Overview of biomedical perspectives: possible relationships between genes on the sex chromosomes and longevity", in Gender, Health and Longevity: a Multidisciplinary Perspective, (eds Ory, G.M. and Warner, H.R.), Springer Publishing, New York.
3 de Looper, M. and Bhatia, K. 2001, Australian Health Trends 2001, AIHW Cat. no. PHE 24, AIHW, Canberra.
4 Australian Bureau of Statistics 2001, Deaths Australia, 2000, Cat. no. 3302.0, ABS, Canberra.
5 Australian Bureau of Statistics and Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 1999, The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People, Cat. no. 4704.0, ABS, Canberra.
6 Mathers, C., Vos, T. and Stevenson, C. 1999, The burden of disease and injury in Australia, AIHW Cat. no. PHE 17, AIHW, Canberra.
7 National Health Performance Committee 2001, National Health Performance Framework Report, Queensland Health, Brisbane.
8 The Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing of Adults 1997 was funded as part of the National Mental Health Strategy.
This page last updated 20 January 2006
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
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Click here for full size image...
Click here for
full size back side of card
I have this
postcard picture that everyone in our BEATTY family loves, but we have not
been able to identify the people as our BEATTY family or our MCDONALD
family. My maternal grandmother was Edith BEATTY (1889-1956), and my
maternal grandfather was Winfield MCDONALD (1888-1967).
This is the message on the back of the picture postcard:
"Earl - How does this look to you? This is Pa's rig. The big day. That is
Will in black, standing by the horse head and this picture is taken in front
of my house."
My questions about this picture have always been:
1. Is "Earl" actually Clarence Earl Beatty? Clarence was the 1st-born of the
12 children of John Clinton and Sarah Jane (HAGGERTY) BEATTY and was born 04
December 1880, Claybanks, Oceana, MI and was known by his middle name by
some people. He married 1st, Cecile (ADAMS) before 1909 and had a daughter
and a son. The daughter is still living in Battle Creek, Calhoun Co., MI at
age 94. Clarence married 2nd, Hazel Marian (COWLES) 06 April 1923, Grand
Rapids, Kent Co., MI, and there was a daughter and a son from this marriage,
also. Only the daughter is still living and in her early 70s. Clarence died
18 March 1963, Grand Rapids and was buried in Greenwood Cemetery, as was his
second wife, Hazel, who was our family historian for over 30 years.
2. Is "Pa" actually John Clinton BEATTY, father of the 12? The parents of
John C. BEATTY were James Lewis BEATTY IV, born 20 November 1819 in Stark
Co., OH, m. 11 December 1840, Mercer, Mercer Col., OH to Ann/Anna Maria
(WILCOX). James L. BEATTY died 17 October 1888, South Bend, St. Joseph Co.,
IN in the County Poor House and was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery, Walkerton,
St. Joseph Co., IN. Anna Maria was born 26 February 1824, Walkerton, St.
Joseph Co., IN and died 19 March 1874, Chesterton, Porter Co., IN.
3. Is "Will" actually Willard Beatty? Williard/Willard was the 6th-born of
the 12 children, and he was born 11 March 1893, Claybanks, Oceana Co., MI.
Although I do not think he was ever referred to as "Will," possibly some of
his siblings called him "Will.". Willard married 1st, 1915 Mae (NORTON), 2
children and Mae both died early in their marriage.
Willard married 2nd, before 1921, Hazel "May" (REEVES) and they had nine
children. There were many tragic events in this family. One set of twins and
another daughter died as infants, and the daughter of the 1st-born set of
twins died at age 25, just 8 hours after her mother and the mother of
Willard's nine children. There were five young children left motherless by
the daughter and five children under 25 left motherless by the mother.
Presently, there are two surviving children of Willard and "May," one almost
80 and one in his late 60s. There are many grandchildren and
great-grandchildren. Willard died 03 December 1970, Traverse City, Grand
Traverse Co., MI, 3-5 years after their youngest daughter Mary Jean (BEATTY)
MCLAUGHLIN disappeared, leaving five very young children, ages 8 years to 6
months. Mary Jean, the youngest of the nine, was born 13 June 1938, so she
could still be alive at age 65 and simply does not want to be found.
4. Is it Ernest Beatty's house in Battle Creek? Or could it be the house of
one of the other brothers? The person who wrote the postcard message lived
in this house.
When I found the postcard, recently again, I saw my own handwriting in
pencil written lightly upside down on the postcard--and I had written "Bill
McDonald?"--so that must have been my first impression back in 1989 when I
found the picture at my mom's house after her death.
I kept thinking that this postcard was sent to my grandmother, Edith
(Beatty) McDonald, but after finding it again, I was wrong. There is no
stamp and no address. There is a William McDonald on my grandfather's side,
but there is no Earl McDonald, as far as I know.
There are several Williams in the family of William Henry Beaty, brother of
John Clinton Beatty. That William was the only one who dropped one "T" in
his last name, and so did Willard, but, of course, there is no mention of
the Beaty/Beatty name on the postcard, anyway. Also, there is no Earl Beaty
in the family of William Henry Beaty, as far as I know.
5. Who is holding the reins? Is it the famous Clyde Beatty, as a grandson of Willard seems
to suggest? He thinks that the "B" word to the left of the surrey top in the Wedding Carriage
picture might be "Barnum," and that the surrey might have been loaned to the wedding party
by P.T. Barnum.
If any Beaty or Beatty family has ever seen this picture or has any
suggestions, please contact me.
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January 10th, 02011 by Austin Brown
One of the miracles of the modern world is our capacity for getting around – hop on a plane, nap a few hours, and you’re on the other side of a continent! Technologically enabled, we’ve embraced this ability with gusto and are currently more mobile a species than ever before. But, according to a pair of Stanford researchers, the industrialized world is mellowing on this trend a bit. They claim that travel in several countries may have peaked earlier this decade:
A study of eight industrialized countries, including the United States, shows that seemingly inexorable trends — ever more people, more cars and more driving — came to a halt in the early years of the 21st century, well before the recent escalation in fuel prices. It could be a sign, researchers said, that the demand for travel and the demand for car ownership in those countries has reached a saturation point.
A Long Bet placed in 02005 hinted at this potential, though it imagined a more dire mechanism: peak oil. While the necessary statistics to certify Long Bet 197 won’t be published for some time yet, they’ll come from the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics and tell us whether highway vehicle miles traveled in the U.S. for 02010 exceeded those of 02005. The Bet is that they’ll actually be lower – essentially that Americans collectively drove less in 02010 than in 02005.
The scenario imagined by predictor Daniel Simon in 02005 was that an energy crisis brought on by peak oil production would push up the cost of personal motor vehicle travel enough to halt or reverse its growth. Glen Raphael was doubtful enough to put up the money for a Bet and explained he expected growth to continue. Read their full arguments Long Bets.
According to the BTS table they provided as a reference for adjudication, total vehicle miles travelled in 02005 were 2,989,430. The most recent year published on that table is 02008 and it checks in at 2,973,509 – almost 20,000 miles fewer. So, we can’t finalize the Bet as of yet, but the data we’ve got is in line with the Stanford study as well as Simon’s prediction, despite a seemingly more mundane overall picture.
Check back in a year or two for the exciting conclusion! (Also, if you or someone you know works at BTS, let us know if we’ve missed more recent numbers.)
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Atmel Corporation has launched AT86RF233 which is an ultra-power 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 radio transceiver that supports distance measurement between two radios, also known as ranging.
The novel technology uses the measurement of phase differences between radio signals and enables items to be tracked within a wireless network for industrial and consumer applications. Phase measurement is a less complex technology than current distance measurement technologies available on the market today, with similar measurement accuracy and lower overall system cost.
Many of today's applications for wireless networks come with the inherent need to determine the location of the individual nodes within a network to keep installation and maintenance costs low. The capability to determine the distance between any two nodes within a wireless sensor network is the reason for implementing positioning and localization solutions. While GPS is successful outdoor, it cannot support indoor applications efficiently.
"We have been evaluating several different technologies including RSSI, Chirp and UWB methods for radio-based distance measurements over the last years," said Andreas Werner, Managing Director of Agilion GmbH. "We've seen all these technologies only suitable for niche applications, either compromising performance or significantly complex which ultimately drive the cost-per-node much higher. The new Atmel technology establishes a unique value proposition by combining wireless sensor networks with real-time location (RTLS) capabilities even for mass market applications."
"Precise animal tracking is important in our business," said Eyal Brayer, Founder of SCR. "We selected the Atmel AT86RF233 transceiver for our SCR systems because of the new phase-difference technology. This technology allows us to precisely track hundreds of cattle in our large dairy farms within a single wireless network, enabling our customers to bring products faster to market."
"In this era of the Internet of Things, we are seeing an increase of smart, connected devices within the wireless networks," said Oyvind Strom, Sr. Director of Wireless Solutions, Atmel Corporation. "With this increase, many of our customers are demanding solutions that efficiently support the installation and maintenance of their systems. This new phase-difference technology can be used to determine the position of nodes within a network to help address these demanding requirements. By using a cost efficient standard radio transceiver, Atmel significantly helps lower the overall bill of materials for such systems."
To accelerate a designer's project, software evaluation kits utilizing the REB233SMA-EK are available now. To purchase a kit, contact your local sales representative today. Atmel AT86RF233 transceivers, introduced in April 2012, are available in mass production today.
Visit Atmel at www.atmel.com
This article originally appeared on EE Times Europe.
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There was an interesting article in last week’s Washington Post concerning the unaffordability of the all-volunteer military. Some of what was written was not a surprise: the current retirement pay beginning at 50 percent for the rest of retired active duty service members lives as well as health care is under scrutiny or already changing. And as many of us know, the active duty retirement system is a pretty good deal.Which is one reason why this family still moves every two to three years.
How can retiree pay be a money sucking entity, you might ask, when 80 percent of the military never see a penny due to leaving the service before that golden 20 year retirement mark? Well, with 2.4 million retirees currently in the system, 1.4 million active duty, the need for health care and future benefits including those for dependents can indeed, and will be, a vacuum for the Benjamins.
All that considered, an interesting topic was brought up: Should benefits be equal for someone who has seen combat vs. someone who has only had an office or stable career in the military with no deployments?
Example: The Marine Corps Band (aka “The President’s Own”). Most of the members, according to the article, never even attended boot camp. Members of this elite group of musicians are able to live in the D.C. area for pretty much their entire career if they choose. They are eligible to receive the same retiree benefits as someone who has seen at least one deployment. Retention comes into play as well. Not many guys in the band are punching their military meal-tickets early where other marine corps service members rarely stay in 20 years (little wonder why … war takes a serious toll).
Rest easy, ’cause Washington is on the case. Defense Secretary Panetta called for the assembly of a nine member panel to discuss such things among themselves and give recommendations to congress and the president for modernizing the military retirement system.
But what I want to know are your opinions … do you think there should be a system in place that takes into account the number of times a military member sees combat? Say, a 1-2 percent increase in retirement pay for someone who has deployed and a 1-2 percent decrease for those who have not. Or maybe all retiree pay in the future begins at 40 percent, with increases of 1-2 percent for each deployment. Or pay stays the same, but a decrease in health care benefits for everyone.
And what of those who want to deploy but keep getting left behind? In an era of troop withdrawals, some Brigades are leaving half their people back home as the rest head to the ‘Stan. Since an individual servicemember is hardly in control of what Big Army decides will be his fate, is it fair to tie his retirement and his family’s future sustainability to a decision on which he doesn’t get the final say?
We can’t come up with a three trillion-dollar coin to fund this, so be creative but also be practical. Instead, a penny for your thoughts — what would you do? The only thing we cannot do is leave it the way it is — at least for those currently in the process of entering the service.
What would you recommend to the panel?
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Help 13-year-old Bella and her Black Lab, Noche, unravel mysteries with this fun card game.
Each set has 50 mini-mysteries that contain the clues needed to catch crooks, uncover secrets and debunk fake alibis. If for some reason the mystery seems unsolvable, the answer is printed in mirror type at the end of each mystery.
In this set you will receive 52 story cards and one mirror card. This game is best suited for ages 10 and up and is approved by the Parent’s Choice Foundation.
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|Advertising|Jobs 転職|Shukan ST|JT Weekly|Book Club|JT Women|Study in Japan|Times Coupon|Subscribe 新聞購読申込|
|Home > Life in Japan > Features|
Saturday, Oct. 9, 2010
One possible sign of aging
By AMY CHAVEZ
Japan, long a society obsessed with age, is now obsessing about — old age! By 2055, it is predicted that half the population will be over 65! OMG, what can you do?!
While 65 is the official age that you can receive a pension check, don't kid yourself — the aging process starts much earlier. So you need to be ready. Admitting that you have a problem is the first step to overcoming it. Don't fall a victim to aging.
My neighbor Kazu-chan, who is 60, reminds me all the time that I am already getting old. While I refuse to believe that 47 is old, I do admit I have recognized some possible signs of aging.
For example, one sign of aging is when you no longer think it is gross when you see an old person picking their nose in public. To the contrary, you have sympathy. This is because now you know why they are picking their nose — they are growing stalactites in there. For the first time in your life, you are also faced with the embarrassing topic of nasal hygiene. Before, you only had boogers, those nice little balls of sticky stuff that cleanly and neatly adhered themselves to the bottom of chairs or the sides of car seats. But now disposal is a much trickier, stickier issue.
But this is nothing to be embarrassed about. Snot is a nationwide problem. Why do you think one of the most popular advertising mediums in Japan is the free, hand-out packets of tissues? Usually attractive young people are handing these out at train stations and stairwells where lots of old people pass. They hand them to you while smiling and bowing in full acknowledgment that you have a snot problem, and they are there to help you. It's a known fact that older people use more tissues than younger people. It is also a known fact that older people have more money. The tissue companies are targeting you in what is called nasal advertising.
With more and more people reaching old age every year, I'd say there is a good future for nasal hygienists. Why not? In Japan they have "ear rakes" to clean out the wax in your ears. Even in the U.S. we have Q-Tips and "cotton buds" for cleaning out the ears. But the nose has nothing but your fingernails to clean it out. Nasal hygienists could scrape out the nose and keep it free of debris such as pollution, dust and other nasties that form stalactites inside your nose. Your nose is a filter and it works like any other kind of filter, taking in dirty air all day and converting it to nasal sledge - a very sticky substance that needs to be disposed of safely, just as nuclear waste does.
I know a guy who says the trick to a clean nasal passage is to take a hot shower in the morning and let the steam waft up into your nose. Next, blow your nose into your hands. Lastly, take your two pinkie fingers and insert one into each nostril. It helps to have long pinkie fingernails, but next, gently scoop out any stuff hiding in the fleshy corners of the nose, then (and this is important), turn the pinkie fingers outwards and flick! This should catapult any remaining mucus onto the tiles of your shower wall. Be sure to clean the shower wall afterward.
But I can't wash snot down the drain. In my house, our "gray water" flushes out into the sea and I just can't bear the thought of my snot adhering itself to some fish. He'd be permanently stuck to the next thing he swam up next to, such as another fish. I'd feel guilty if I started seeing Siamese fish.
It is this disposal of nasal waste that got me thinking — with the apparent bonding power of snot, you'd think we could use it for something useful. I mean face it, we have so much of this stuff, you could reclaim land with it. People are digging with their fingernails, mining tons of it from their nasal passages every day. What if we used it to make that soft spongy asphalt they usually make from old recycled tires? The problem with using old tires is storing them until they can be recycled. Old tires fill with rain water and provide breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Not snot. Even mosquitoes won't touch abandoned snot.
If we could find a good use for snot, we could store it in snototoriums. Just like blood donations, you'd line up to give your monthly mucus donation to help build safe, spongy asphalt playgrounds for children. Who wouldn't feel good about that?
In the meantime, I keep all mine in a jar. This is not because I really feel it will be valuable for something some day but because I don't know exactly how to dispose of it: With the burnables? Non-burnables? We need a new garbage category: non-distinguishables.
One last thing. Remember that insects like moist, dark places, so you have to be careful they don't enter and cuddle up in the fleshy parts of your nose while you're sleeping. There's a reason some men in Japan keep an extra long fingernail on their pinkie.
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Boris’s big dilemma: should Pope pay c-charge?
And should he have spoken to Benedict in Latin? Boris Johnson relives the weighty issues of the papal visit
What was going through the mind of Boris Johnson, mayor of London, as he waited on the tarmac for Pope Force One to taxi to a halt last week? Thanks to his column in today's Daily Telegraph, we have the answer: Should the Popemobile be liable for the congestion charge? And, if not, why not?
As he pondered the deeper, ethical implications of asking Pope Benedict XVI to cough up the £8 fee to drive through Westminster, Boris asked himself:
"What's the point of being Pope, they will say, if you can't be exempt from the congestion charge? Why should the people of London begrudge the Holy Father £8? To which the others will say, why should the Holy Father begrudge the people of London £8? They've got a bob or two in the Vatican."
Johnson, who has held office for two years and recently announced he will run again in 2012, went on: "It is, you will appreciate, a grade-A political dilemma, of a kind we cowardly politicians are keen to shirk."
Fortunately, Transport For London staff were able to put the mayor's mind at rest. They clarified that the charge could not be levied because it "applied only to vehicles making 'normal' use of the roads".
Of course, such ethical dilemmas were never going to get in the way of Boris trying out his famed knowledge of Roman history on the Pontiff.
Avoiding the temptation to speak in Latin - it would doubtless not have been a problem for Boris, but would the German-born Pope have been up to it? - the mayor finally plumped for engaging Benedict in a discourse on the schism at the heart of the British relationship with Rome.
"It all goes back to 410," Boris told Benedict, noting that the Pope appeared tired but patient, "like a tutor dealing with an especially obtuse and excitable pupil".
Boris recalls: "I didn't mean 10 past four, I didn't mean teatime, I gabbled on. I meant 410AD, the year the emperor Honorius announced that Britain could no longer be protected by the legions, the year we were effectively cut off from the empire.
A presumably bewildered Benedict replied "very interesting", before seeking sanctuary in his Popemobile.
Still, it could have been worse - at least Boris didn't make any German Shepherd jokes. ·
Comments are now closed on this article
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Another Vieques in South Korea:
One after another, US fighter planes roared directly over the treetops near where we were standing. It was like hell on Earth; definitely the most terrifying experience I'd ever had. Each time there were earsplitting, indescribable blasts of noise from the bombing and machine-gunning aimed at targets about one-half mile away. Those targets are just that, targets. They are not always, nor even usually, hit. Unbelievably, this has been going on every weekday for 50 years from 8:00 a.m. until 11:00 p.m. Four hundred to 700 bombs are dropped each day by the A-10 and F-16 US fighter aircraft as they swoop over this deceptively serene and bountiful countryside. Nearby are 10 humble seaside farming villages, the closest one being Maehyang-ri, located barely one mile from the targets. The place is South Korea, about 50 miles south of Seoul on the west coast.
We were there last July 18-19, as part of a fact-finding delegation of the International Investigation Commission on US Military Massacres of Civilians and on the Maehyang-ri US Air Force Bombing Range, initiated by the Korea Truth Commission. One member of our delegation was Ishmael Guadeloupe, a leader of the Committee for the Rescue and Development of Vieques, the island in Puerto Rico which is also being used as a bombing range by the US Navy.
Here in South Korea the targets for the bombs are islands in the beautiful bay, from which people and wildlife derive their livelihoods by fishing. One island has been entirely obliterated. Another, which had been three kilometers long, has been reduced to two-thirds its original size. Unexploded ordnance, undoubtedly thousands of tons, has accumulated everywhere in the bay, on the beaches and in the fields. Workers at the range clear out as much as they can after each day's practice. Brian Willson, a member of a previous delegation and an Air Force veteran who became an outspoken critic of the Vietnam War, observed that A-l0s are "tank-killers" which means they use depleted uranium (DU) shells. As a result of the uproar created by Willson, the military was compelled to admit they use DU at the Koon-ni Range at Maehyang-ri. This adds radioactive contamination to all the other toxic wastes and oil, including waste from napalm bombs accumulating in the environment. Through the years, at least 12 people have been killed and numerous others have been wounded by bombs that went astray.
Many bombs are found in the villages, and there are thousands on the hillsides surrounding the area. People's homes continue to be hit by the shooting. Bullets go through their windows. Cracks and pock marks are plainly visible in walls and roofs. When the flights finally stop for a while, villagers go to collect oysters. They frequently encounter unexploded bombs.
We visited one home in Maehyangl ri where a bomb landed on a home on May 8. An elderly resident of the house graciously agreed to let all of us traipse through her modest farm home, past drying herbs and farm animals, to see the hole in the roof of her garage and the bomb itself.
The constant bombardment, with its unbearable noise and pollution, has taken a great toll on villagers' health. One woman was hospitalized recently, just from the shock. The number of cancer cases in the nearby villages is disproportionately large and growing. Countless women experience miscarriages, and birth defects are on the increase. It also affects nonhuman animals. We were told by villagers about a dog who recently had a miscarriage and about a farmer who had lost 2,500 chickens. We also heard that 80 percent of those attending a regional school for children with learning disabilities come from Maehyang-ri.
The head of the village resistance movement, Chun Mankyu, told us his father had killed himself. He then unbuttoned his shirt revealing a large, long, scarlet scar on his chest. He too, had tried to commit suicide. But then for his children's sake, and for all the children of the community, he decided to fight back. He sold his modest home, moved into a smaller place, and quit his job so he could devote himself full-time to the movement to close down the bombing range.
Lockheed-Martin now owns the Koon-ni Range. Somehow this kind of military privatization comes as no surprise. Fifty years of dropping bombs and spraying bullets has to be incredibly lucrative for arms manufacturers, who not only use up all that ordnance but also glean information to help them build bigger and better weapons.
Looking out over the Koon-ni Range one is struck by the verdant landscape where fields of corn, rice and other crops grow exuberantly behind the barbed wire. The villagers explained that they have been forced to pay the military for use of these lands to grow crops and can only work them on the weekends when there is no bombing. This is on property, as with all 97 US bases in South Korea, which was taken over by the US military without payment.
For the better part of 50 years, because of repression, most Koreans knew nothing about Maehyang-ri. The people of these villages were isolated. Nevertheless, local residents did take action many times. Among other things, they would fly kites to distract low flying pilots, and when the range was being built they tried to stop construction by putting their bodies in front of the bulldozers.
On December 12, 1998, when a petition protesting the noise pollution from the firing range failed to get response from the government, people went to the base saying, "bomb me." About 1,500 villagers occupied the bombing range.
Now, hundreds of thousands of students, farmers and workers are joining the protests. A huge demonstration on June 17 in Maehyang-ri drew a large contingent of auto workers from the Kia Motor Company. (Kia had recently built a plant not far from Maehyang-ri.) They demanded the military close down the Koon-ni bombing range. About 500 demonstrators broke through the fence and entered to occupy the range. Some were injured by the police. Chun Mankyu ripped down the orange flag which is hoisted each morning to signal the start of the bombing. He and others were arrested and imprisoned. When we met Chun, he had just been released thanks to the burgeoning movement in South Korea which is demanding: "US military out Of Korea!"
The powerful protests against the Navy's bombing range on the island of Vieques have captured worldwide attention and support as well. The bombing practice on Vieques has despoiled the environment of the region, devastated the livelihoods of the island's population who depend on fishing, and resulted in deaths and injuries to residents just as in Maehyang-ri. But the situation in Maehyang-ri is not yet as well-known internationally, despite the powerful movement in South Korea against the bombing range.
On the second day we were at the site, having been fed and taken care of by wonderful young activists working with the Maehyang-ri Task Force, we took part in a large rally of students. They had come by the hundreds despite unbearably hot, humid weather and having had their buses turned back by the police miles down the road. The rally was under way when the flights resumed not far above our heads. A member of our delegation, Elmar Schmaeling, a former admiral in the German Navy turned peace activist, observed that the planes were unloading their bombs and bullets too soon to hit the targets. Walter Black, a Korean War veteran, also now a peace activist and a member of the delegation, agreed with the admiral. They both expressed alarm that this was quite dangerous for all those taking part in the protest. It was viewed as an act of intimidation aimed at the students.
Hundreds of menacing South Korean soldiers and police arrived by the busloads and gathered inside the razor-wire fence or in the road and on the hills surrounding the protesters. South Korean forces, made up of young conscripts who have no choice but to be there are always used to protect the US military.
While we were in Seoul, there was another large spirited rally and march confronting hundreds of helmeted police at the prison where the Maehyang-ri protesters were being held. Three had been released but three were still incarcerated. One of the slogans of the march was: "Repeal the Status of Forces Agreement," under which the United States virtually controls South Korea.
Rarely during my travels in South Korea did I see an American soldier, though there are 37,000 stationed on 97 bases in a country which is one fourth the size of California. There were two exceptions. As our group walked a mile down the road to the entrance of the Koon-ni bombing range, an American soldier waved at me as a military vehicle passed by.
Another time, because I am tall, I could peer over the heads of South Korean militia who were lined up 10 deep to guard the US Army base where protesters gathered. I could see two or three men in US military uniforms. I thought, "surely they must feel unwelcome."
For more information, contact Green Korea United, 605 The Korean Ecuminical Building, 136-561, Younji-Dong, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, South Korea; firstname.lastname@example.org.
© Earth First! Journal, February-March 2001
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How the CIA tried to spy on China from the air
AIN defense editor Chris Pocock will be signing copies of his new book here at Farnborough today and tomorrow. Pocock is best known for his histories of the U-2 Dragon Lady, and his latest work is another story of spyplanes in the Cold War.
The Black Bats tells how the CIA went into partnership with nationalist China to fly B-17 and B-26 bombers and P-2 Neptune patrol planes from Taiwan over the mainland. But communist China’s air-defense system adapted to the challenge. Ten of the aircraft were lost and more than 100 aircrew were killed in this epic yet hardly known struggle, Pocock said. The story has never been told before in English, although Pocock’s collaborator, Clarence Fu, has published an account in Chinese.
The book is on sale at the stand of The Aviation Bookshop, which is situated behind the main static aircraft display in Car Park 4. Pocock will be there on both Thursday and Friday from noon until 1 p.m.
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Here is another installment from my review of the June 2012 New York State Math Regents exams.
On the left is a problem from the Algebra 2 / Trigonometry exam; on the right, a problem from the Geometry exam.
Notice that no scale is indicated on any of the graphs here. That is, there is no indication of what “one unit” is equivalent to on any graph.
I admit that I’m pretty sloppy when it comes to labeling graphs, however I know some teachers make accurate labeling and scaling a point of emphasis when it comes to creating graphs. Properly understanding the scale of a graph can be of crucial importance, especially when trying to with questions pertaining to specific numeric values, as in these above.
Tests should stand as models of mathematical content and practice for students; they should not reinforce bad mathematical habits, like ignoring scale.
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Do You Think Walmart is Unfair to it's employees?
Walmart Supplier Supports Torture, False Imprisonment of Labor Activists
byAmanda Kloer· May 10, 2011
A Walmart supplier in Bangladesh is going to great lengths to ensure that Bangladeshi workers aren't paid more than the meager $43 per month they receive now. The supplier has filed false criminal charges against Bangladeshi labor rights activists who are fighting for the basic safety and fair treatment of the people who make clothes for Walmart. And now, these activists are facing torture, false imprisonment, and even the death penalty for their support of workers' rights.
Kalpona Akter, Babul Akhter, and Aminul Islam are three leaders of the Bangladesh Center for Worker Solidarity (BCWS), which fights for the rights of workers in the Bangladeshi garment industry. Walmart is the largest buyer of Bangladeshi-made clothing, and many of the suppliers in the country sell huge portions of their clothing to Walmart. But in order to maximize profits and sell to Walmart more cheaply than their competitors, these suppliers fight to keep the costs of production (ie, workers' wages and conditions) as low as possible.
But recently, one Walmart supplier went way too far by fabricating criminal charges against Kalpona, Babul, and Aminul. They have been charged with crimes punishable by anywhere between three months to life in prison, or even the death penalty in two of the cases. These false charges resulted in the labor activists being imprisoned, where they were tortured and threatened. Now out on bail, they await trial.
The claims of their "crimes" are not just outrageous, they're ridiculous. One of the cases alleges that Kalpona & Babul destroyed property of a major Walmart supplier, despite multiple witnesses placing them at an all-day meeting 35 kilometers away from the incident. Kalpona even communicated via phone with a Walmart representative at the meeting. And when she received news that a shopping complex was attacked by a mob, she called the Walmart representatives in the area to inquire about their safety. Despite air-tight alibis, Kalpona and Babul face criminal charges that could result in the death penalty.
Three of these cases are filed under the Speedy Tribunal Act; the tribunal is scheduled to begin in June, and must then be concluded within 60 days. That's why the International Labor Rights Forum, along with human rights advocates and shoppers around the country, are asking Walmart to instruct their subcontractor to drop these false charges, make a public statement that they will not stand for intimidation of labor rights leaders, and ask that the NGO status of the BCWS be re-instated.
It's imperative that Walmart take this action by May 31st, before the tribunal is set in motion. Walmart cannot stand by while its supplier seeks the death penalty against peaceful Bangladeshis advocating for the basic rights of workers. And they cannot stand for torture in the name of cheap clothing.
See Votes by State
News & Politics
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The land in West Oakland where Eric Maundu is trying to farm is covered with freeways, roads, light rail and parking lots so there’s not much arable land and the soil is contaminated. So Maundu doesn’t use soil. Instead he’s growing plants using fish and circulating water.
Farming fish and plants together
It’s called aquaponics- a gardening system that combines hydroponics (water-based planting) and aquaculture (fish farming). It’s been hailed as the future of farming: it uses less water (up to 90% less than traditional gardening), doesn’t attract soil-based bugs and produces two types of produce (both plants and fish).
Aquaponics has become popular in recent years among urban gardeners and DIY tinkerers, but Maundu- who is trained in industrial robotics- has taken the agricultural craft one step further and made his gardens smart. – from FairCompanies.com
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Click here for the Maine GayNet Home Page -- Links to our groups and organizations
|Camera icon indicates an included picture.||Choose the archive for 1995 1996 1997:June -->|
Chitwood received kudos from an interesting constituency - police officers and other law enforcement officials from throughout New England who acknowledge they are homosexuals.
The state Attorney General's Office has filed a civil-rights complaint against a 45-year-old man accused of threatening and yelling homophobic slurs at his Portland landlady.
Gov. Angus King will try to convince the Christian Civic League of Maine not to fight a new law that protects the civil rights of homosexuals. He is urging opponents not to use the so-called ''people's veto'', but the Christian Civic League has said it probably will try to do just that.
The split falls between these two types of groups: Maine's so-called ''religious right,'' embodied in groups such as the Christian Civic League of Maine and Christian Coalition of Maine, and Cosby's Concerned Maine Families, a secular political organization she founded to fight gay rights. The schism is not new, but it is significant and it has reappeared at a critical juncture.
From the "Washington Watch" column --The passage of the gay-rights law in Maine has received a fair amount of attention in the nation's capital.
Scenes from a small town: He knew he was different ever since he was a little fella, knee-high to a grasshopper. But he ignored it, tried to make it go away, got into trouble over it, then just about three weeks ago, 24-year old Greenville native Robert Warman reconciled with himself to accept just who he is, a homosexual, and live honestly, within his hometown.
|Portland Press Herald -- Saturday, May 17, 1997|
The moment was a compelling one for more than 200 people - legislators, gay-rights advocates and their supporters - who looked on. Many wept freely as King signed the gay-rights bill, and spoke about events that led up to it.
''You have been ridiculed, hated, discriminated against . . . not for what you choose, but for what God's nature made you. Not for something you had control over, but for what you are.''
Concerned Maine Families will not get involved in the latest repeal effort against gay rights.
Backed by legislative supporters of the present and flanked by legislative sponsors from the past, Gov. Angus King signed a bill Friday extending civil rights protection to gays and lesbians in Maine.King's action in a ceremony in the State House Hall of Flags, concluding a two-decade push for passage, was cheered by scores of onlookers.
"...if freedom from public discrimination is "special" when it comes to gays, then we all have much to fear when the self-annointed protectors of society swing their heavy-handed broadaxe our way looking for their next target."
Carolyn Cosby of Concerned Maine Families said she will decide within a week whether to try to have that law repealed.
''She held a news conference to say nothing,'' said Rep. Richard Thompson, D-Naples, a sponsor of the gay-rights bill.
. . . something extraordinary happened: For two solid hours, the Maine House defined the difference between politics and leadership, between cowardice and conscience, between doing what is safe and doing what is right.
Now that Maine is about to protect the civil rights of homosexuals, will opponents demand a referendum to overturn the new law? Can they get it on the ballot? And if they do, what will the voters say?
To the gay community, he was a risk-taker known as Megabucks Mike. To neighbors and employees, he was an incomparably warm and generous friend. He was Michael Allen, a 34-year-old Army veteran who went from cab driver to millionaire when his Tri-State Megabucks number came up.
Maine Gov. Angus King reaffirmed his intention Friday to sign gay rights legislation and blasted opponents' efforts to block the measure by public referendum.
After the vote, gay activists and supporters gathered outside the door to the House loudly cheering and applauding departing legislators who supported them.
"It feels like a long time coming,'' said Karen Geraghty of the Maine Lesbian-Gay Political Alliance. "It's extremely satisfying. We certainly hope this strong vote in both bodies sends the message that Maine is ready to move beyond discriminating against gay men and lesbians.''
Foes of a gay rights bill that's on its way to Gov. Angus King for his signature said Friday they will spend the weekend regrouping and planning their next move. Carolyn Cosby of the group Concerned Maine Families said it ``seems very likely'' she and her supporters will mount a referendum campaign to either block or overturn the bill
The 84-61 House vote came one day after the Senate backed the bill, 28-5.
Gov. Angus King has promised to sign the bill into law.
Many legislators who said they supported the measure recalled the humiliation of being ridiculed - or worse - for being Irish or Jewish or Catholic or French. Many more lawmakers said they were convinced that gay people in Maine suffer injustice because of their sexual orientation.
AUGUSTA, Maine (AP) - Rep. Michael Brennan could not help but feel a sense of deja vu. Four years ago, the Portland Democrat was a member of the Maine Legislature that passed a bill outlawing discrimination against homosexuals, only to see it vetoed by then-Gov. John McKernan. On Thursday night, the bill was back in the House and this time riding the momentum of a strong Senate vote of approval and Gov. Angus King's promise to sign it.
The House voted 84-61 Thursday to extend the special civil rights to gays and lesbians, one day after a 28-5 vote for the same measure in the Senate. It marks the first time in two decades there's been agreement on homosexual rights in Maine.
On Tuesday, about three dozen foes of the bill held a short but boisterous rally at the Capitol. The event's organizers claimed the tide was turning in their favor.
Reminiscences of a first kiss. Accounts of discrimination. Chit-chat about a new nightclub, religion and sex, human rights legislation and how to survive and thrive being gay in Maine. It's all part of Maine GayNet, an Internet mail list that has broken the isolation of gays and lesbians in this far-flung state since going online in 1994.
A Cony High School student from Windsor abused a 15-year-old Augusta boy in hallways and classrooms for at least four months, according to the complaint. In filing the lawsuit Wednesday in Superior Court, Assistant Attorney General Stephen Wessler cited the persistence of the harassment and the violence of the initial attack.
Poignant experiences stroked with humor were well-appreciated by a gathering of people watching the "Ellen'' episode at Kate Perkins's home in Kennebunk. Probably the thing that appealed most was how actress Ellen DeGeneres and her writers conveyed the lead character as a person with real feelings, fears and desires.
The 13-member Judiciary Committee split 8-3 on the bill Tuesday, with one member absent and another undecided. The absent and undecided members may eventually join the minority. A vote that close means debates are likely in the House and Senate when the bill reaches the full Legislature, probably next week.
In the Portland area, ''Everybody's talking about (the show),'' said Barbara Wood, a former Portland city councilor. ''The past couple of weeks, people I know in the gay community are really starting to ask, 'Where are you going to be watching it?' ''
Brunswick woman's book shares the fullness and realities of lesbian life. Excerpts show richness of 'The Heart's Progress: A Lesbian Memoir'
The Human Rights Campaign, the nation's largest gay and lesbian political organization, Tuesday unveiled a new ad about job discrimination that will air during the long-awaited ''coming-out episode'' of the ABC sitcom, ''Ellen.'' IT will be shown April 30 in 33 cities, including Portland.
Once the rhetoric had drained away, a scummy tub ring would have been left around the state of Maine.
Maine's perennial debate over equal rights for homosexuals began anew Tuesday when 500 people turned out at the Augusta Civic Center for an emotionally charged hearing on the latest gay-rights bill.
With a sitting governor backing their fight this time, gay rights activists argued Tuesday for a law that would ban discrimination based on sexual orientation.
''Only if you are gay or lesbian can we legally discriminate against you in the state of Maine,'' says Abromson.
That should not be.
The full text of the bill before the Maine Legislature.
For principle's sake, Gov. King should have vetoed the citizen-initiated ban against same-gender marriages that passed the Legislature last week. For civility's sake, he should have done just what he did.
Bill Nemitz Op-Ed -- "Give it a rest, Carolyn. You have your misguided marriage ban - constitutional flaws and all. What you're not going to get is a fight."
About three dozen Bates College students demonstrated at the State House against the Legislature's passage of a same-sex-marriage ban, which Gov. Angus King is allowing to become law without his signature.
Gov. Angus King refused to sign the ban into law Monday, and said the measure sows ''hate and division'' among state residents.Gay rights supporters praised King for his stand. Opponents condemned him for ignoring the wishes of 62,000 voters who signed petitions supporting the ban on same-sex marriages.
Gov. Angus King said Monday he will let the gay-marriage ban enacted by the Maine Legislature last week become law without his signature.The governor said his decision was not an easy one. He said he has "a deep respect for the institution of marriage and its religious roots.''
Gov. Angus King refused to sign the ban into law Monday, saying the measure sows ''hate and division'' among state residents.Gay rights supporters praised King for his stand. Opponents condemned him for ignoring the wishes of 62,000 voters who signed petitions supporting the ban on same-sex marriages.
The executive director of The AIDS Project, Stephen T. Moskey - who joined The AIDS Project last July - has resigned, saying he is unprepared to deal with the social service agency's new union.
A citizen-initiated bill that would ban same sex marriages has won grudging support from a divided Judiciary Committee. Some legislators said they endorsed the bill Thursday to avoid having it go out to a referendum.
At Wednesday's public hearing witnesses on both sides of the issue agreed the bill would have a deep and lasting effect on Maine families, but they disagreed on whether that impact would be positive or negative.
About 300 people attended the session, which at times seemed more like a prayer meeting than a hearing. Bible verses condemning homosexuality were read to the Judiciary Committee, and the word "Amen" punctuated addresses by supporters.
Most members of a key legislative committee probably will vote to ban homosexual marriages, but a few members want to let the voters decide. The prospect of a close committee vote suggests the ban could lead to intense debate in the full Legislature when the Judiciary Committee sends its recommendation to the House and Senate.
The 1st Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals is the highest court yet to hold that people with HIV are subject to protection under the Americans with Disabilities Act, even if they show no AIDS symptoms.
From the governor on down, many politicians support a gay-rights bill in the Legislature that would protect gays and lesbians from discrimination based on sexual orientation. At the same time, a large number of the same politicians support another bill that would prohibit homosexual marriages in Maine and prevent Maine from recognizing such marriages performed in other states.
"Many students at OHHS have no tolerance for those they believe are homosexual, Principal Philip Blood said following Monday's mandatory classes on Maine civil rights law.
The Legislature has not yet acted on an initiative to ban same-sex marriages in Maine. But it is unlikely to draft a competing measure of its own as it did with the forestry referendum last year, top legislators say.
''I think that's going to pass,'' Rep. Richard H. Thompson, D-Naples, said of the bill's prognosis in the House. Thompson, a Judiciary co-chairman, said a ''tremendous number'' of civic groups, business groups and other organizations are likely to speak for the bill when the Judiciary Committee holds a public hearing in March. No date has yet been set for the hearing.
The Maine Speakout Project for Equal Rights has two needs. The first is foropportunities to address community groups on the subject of discrimination based on sexual orientation. The second is for volunteers to join members working on this project.
"Maine is too good a state to discriminate."
''We need to send a strong message that it is no longer permissible to allow discrimination against gays and lesbians when they fill out a job application, wish to buy a house or rent an apartment, want to eat in a public restaurant or apply for credit,'' said Republican State Sen. Joel Abromson
Peter Haffenreffer of Cape Elizabeth will be honored tonight with the Maine Lesbian & Gay Political Alliance's Cameron Duncan Award for his support of, and volunteer work in, the gay and lesbian community.
Concerned Maine Families collected 62,032 valid signatures, far more than the 51,131 it needed for a citizens initiative. The Legislature has the choice of approving the measure or putting it on the ballot for November's general election. It must decide before the end of the current legislative session.
A dance club at 121 Center St. would be named Millennium and cater primarily to Portland's gay and lesbian community. The club is tentatively scheduled to open on Feb. 28 in the building that housed Morganfield's blues club
Gov. Angus King was an up-front opponent of the discriminatory anti-gay rights initiative defeated by Maine voters two years ago. However, apparently marriage isn't a right. How else to explain his position on the referendum proposing a ban on same-sex marriages?
Lawrence Lockman, vice-chairman of Concerned Maine Families dispenses a heavy dose of inflamatory rhetoric in a published letter to the editor.
|February 4, 1997||Response from Dale Goodwin||Response from Mel Vassey|
Concerned Maine Families now says it has enough signatures to put a proposal before the Legislature to ban same-sex marriages. Larry Lockman, vice chairman of Concerned Maine Families, also says the group believes lawmakers will adopt the ban outright rather than put it on the fall ballot as a referendum.
Gay-rights bills proposed in the Legislature this year have their best chance ever of becoming law - because of bipartisan support, a supportive governor and greater social acceptance of gay rights.
Laura Conaway takes a hard look at AIDS treatment in these heady days of optimism --
While the overall number of HIV-infected people in Maine is still small, it continues to grow. State officials estimate 100 persons test positive for the virus each year. Under the increasing weight of patients who need expensive treatments, the cracks in Maine's health care system are beginning to show.
Go to The Maine GayNet Archive for 1996 1995 and before
It would be
wonderful if you could type or scan the material into an ASCII text file.
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For links to other parts of this series, see this chart.
For a statement on the unofficial nature (i.e., personal interpretation for discussion purposes, not necessarily representative of church doctrine) of these lessons, see this notice.
PROBLEMS OF THE AGE
Dealing with Religious, Social and Economic Questions and Their Solution.
A Study for the Quorums and Classes of the Melchizedek Priesthood. 1917-1918.
By Dr. Joseph M. Tanner
XVI. – Financial Respectability
Definition. – What is financial respectability? It is demanded and must be defined. Each has, perhaps, his own interpretation, though he may be actuated very greatly by public opinion and his social business life. Practically, it consists of a man’s business activities, – what he does, – and is not always governed by what his balance would be if he were forced into liquidation. Appearances, however, he must maintain. Should he have an auto, should his home life be based upon some good round sum of money for a residence, and is it necessary to know how much he owes?
Credits. – One thing is certain, however. Our credit system is enlarging by leaps and bounds. It touches almost every man in business life. The farmers owe their billions. Also the merchant. All are dependent upon our banking system and their credit at the bank is of course an important asset.
Financial respectability, however, is setting higher and higher yearly its social standards. It brings along in its train envy, jealousy, and often bickerings. National jealousy and rivalry had much to do with the present war. If such rivalry is dangerous to the nation at large, it is also dangerous to the individual. Should a panic follow the present period of expansion and extravagance it would be more ruinous than anything which the world has ever heretofore experienced. A post-war panic is quite a probability. It will be a miracle if we escape it, and now while times are good and money plentiful is a good time to establish ourselves for coming events.
Methods. – The problems which today affect us are the methods of financial gain. The advice of the father to the son, if it ever holds good, holds good now more than ever: “Get money. Get it honestly, if you can, but get money.” In such an age as we now have it is almost possible to do business, to launch an enterprise, without capital; and that means, of course, in ninety-nine cases out of a hundred, credit. There are some aspects, however, of the financial fever from which we are suffering that deeply concern the Latter-day Saints. It should be stated that the credit system is in itself dangerous. Men start by borrowing for the needs of their business. Money at hand then leads them into extravagance. They take bounds and are unable to recover themselves and there are literally millions throughout the United States over whose financial head the sword of Damacles hangs.
Psychology of Business. – We have also what ;might be called the psychology of business. This consists of a certain training and a certain instinct by which men are not only able to judge others, but by which they are able, by their persuasions, to convince. In other words, people are often literally talked out of their money. People’s peculiarities are played upon. Advantages are taken of their frame of mind and enthusiasm is promoted by a class who understand the method of its creation. In this condition of business life exaggerations, if not right down falsehoods, are growing altogether too common.
A man in Salt Lake City was called into an office some time ago by a gentleman who had a wonderful invention to show his friend. It was a railroad signal apparatus which, according to his representation, every railroad in the country was anxious to get hold of. The agent was very enthusiastic, pleasing in his demeanor, and convincing in the tones of his voice. He boldly declared that he would guarantee his friend that inside of six months he could double his money.
The man from the street was not without some experience. He said he thought he would take a block of that stock and the agent was then, of course, anxious to know how many thousand dollars he wanted. He could have any amount. But his friend said, “I would like to know who the guarantors are to be, – whether they are able to respond to the guarantee in case your representations do not prove true.” Of course, that ended the effort. The agent’s declarations of guarantee were given for psychological effect. They were not to be taken literally.
Today we have all sorts of promoters, especially in the organization of corporations. They exploit the people, sell many thousand dollars worth of stock, and too often it turns out that the whole business was only a psychological enterprise.
Mining Exploitations. – Perhaps one of the most fertile fields of exploitation is to be found in mining stocks. I quote from Collier’s editorials, edited by Mark Sullivan:
Have you bought mining stocks? Sell them. Offer them back to the man who sold them. Offer them at the same price. Offer them at ten per cent less. Offer them at twenty per cent less. This will accomplish your own disillusionment, and save you money, for you might have bought more. It will also effect exposure to the person who sold you the stock. Are you thinking of buying shares in Poodle-dog Inflated or Hoptoad Jump along? Don’t. And this “don’t” is without qualification of any kind. To women chiefly, wives of husbands of the high wage-earning class, this paragraph is commended. Not that it is their folly we inveigh against. They are the ones who know the value of savings, and they may be in time to save a fatuous husband from an act of inexcusable folly.
If you are tempted by the full-page advertisements published by the newspaper partners of mining swindlers, don’t! if some acquaintance is urging you to buy shares, he either profits by the sale or is himself deceived. Daniel Guggenheim is the greatest miner in the world. He and his six brothers own mines that aggregate a billion dollars. That family knows more about mines than most of the rest of the world combined. The other day Mr. Guggenheim uttered a solemn warning against “the flimsy character of the mining stocks now finding a ready market.” “One in three hundred,” he said, “is a conservative estimate of the proportion of prospects that eventually fulfil their promise.” Within a week after he uttered that warning Mr. Guggenheim made pubic announcement that he had himself been caught. He had bought a famous and widely-talked-of mine; and when he discovered he had been deceived, he backed out of the trap at a cash loss of $2,500,000.
Facts that Read Like Fairy Stories. – That which gives zest to the psychology of business is the wonderful stories that agents have about the marvelous gains of men who have entered into various classes of enterprise. Some of them read like fairy stories. It is often said that more gold and silver are expended in the quest for gold and silver mines than is taken out of them.
As a rule, corporations are not satisfactory unless a man has some voice in their guidance. The mere love for gain becomes very sordid when with it there is no intelligent direction of the means by which it is obtained. In large corporations the ordinary stockholder has nothing to say. He may be squeezed out in time. Some of these companies are bona fide and have a pride in promoting the interest of their stockholders. On the other hand, there is a multitude of them that exploit the public by one means or another, get control of the stock, take its profits sometimes by enormous salaries which are paid to its manager and directors. They regulate the dividends in their own interest. Such are often the dangers of new corporate bodies and it is, of course, always safer to invest in well established companies. I quote again from Collier’s:
It has been estimated that a man who, in the early nineties, subscribed to one share of stock in Mr. James J. Hill’s Great Northern Railway and has kept it ever since, has made in the intervening fifteen years, in cash dividends and ‘privileges’, a profit of over nine hundred per cent. The best that could have been done by a workman on Mr. Hill’s railroad, who put his earnings in a savings bank for the same period, would be less than one hundred per cent. Mr. Forrest F. Dryden, a son of the President of the Prudential Insurance Company, stated under oath that one of the owners of that company who, in the late seventies, paid in, in cash, $2,200, had made a profit, twenty-five years later, of $327,163.60. The rate of profit in this case is 14,800 per cent – a rate which must seem colossal to the policy-holder who has taken advantage of the savings feature of that company and bought an endowment policy. For the policy-holder has never received as much as four per cent.
Talents Sacrificed for Financial Gain. – The present glamour of financial standing in the world is leading many of our young people away from those careers in life which their talents best fit them to pursue. Today very many of the very best teachers we have in the Church and State are leaving the school room because of “financial inducement.” Our political system does not repay our highest and best talent. Many of our young men would make most competent physicians and surgeons, attorneys, agriculturists, and stock men, and thus benefit the world by reason of their superior productive powers. They do not respond to their inborn qualities of life. The love of money compels them to bury their God-given talents. Again from Collier’s:
Recently a young and successful banker withdrew from his firm to accept an appointment as an assistant in a department in our oldest university. The banking career, of course, would have been vastly more remunerative in money. Moreover, the bank was a family institution, and there was every inclination of pride and tradition against leaving it. It strikes us as a fine thing to have done. Possibly we would all be better off if business in this country were less remunerative as compared with other careers. If business did not offer a reward so vastly greater in money, young men choosing their careers would feel more free to follow their natural talents toward the arts or toward other careers. One of the most successful bankers in the United States would have been a very great musician if he had felt free to follow his tastes. In spite of the disparity of the money rewards, more and more men are realizing that money is not to be weighed against what President Eliot once called “the durable satisfactions of life.” Among these durable satisfactions, congeniality of work is one of the most important.”
It is unfortunately true that men have lost much of the spirit of stewardship. They do not hold in trust as those responsible to God for beneficent use of means at their command, and there are direct temptations in financial enterprise that are too severe for many to overcome.
Revelations. – “Verily, verily, I say unto you, wo be unto him that lieth to deceive, because he supposeth that another lieth to deceive, for such are not exempt from the justice of God” (Doc. and Cov. 10:28).
“And again, I will give unto you a pattern in all things, that ye may not be deceived, for Satan is abroad in the land, and he goeth forth deceiving the nations” (Doc. and Cov. 52:14).
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All outdoor wiring should be waterproof, and lights should be fastened securely to trees and shrubs.
Any gardeners on your Christmas list would most likely rather receive something gardening related as opposed to neckties or hankies.
As soon as the ground freezes hard, perennial borders can be covered.
Be stingy with water on Christmas Cactus and the buds won't fall off.
Bend Raspberry and Blackberry canes to the ground and cover with soil to prevent killing back of the canes.
Brownish collars of egg clusters on the twigs of your trees are next year's tent caterpillars, and should be rubbed off.
Check guy wires on all newly planted trees.
Christmas trees should be set securely in holder that will hold water, and filled daily.
Cones and seed pods can be used to brighten up wreaths, table decorations and gift packages.
Cuttings of Japanese Yew can be made now.
Don't be to hastily in removing leaves gathered around shrubs, allow them to remain for winter protection.
Drain gas and oil from mower before storing.
For some lovely, sweet smelling blooms indoors, force some Lily-of-the-Valley pips.
Fruit trees broken down or split should be taken care of promptly.
Gift Amaryllis bulbs can be planted now.
Gladiolus should be covered with naphthalene flakes when being put away, to eliminate the thrips.
Grape vines can be pruned any time now.
Keep all bird feeding stations stocked and well filled.
Lawns should not be covered with fresh manure over winter, to prevent burning.
Mulch newly planted trees and shrubs.
On these gardenless days, why not spend some time reading up on your favorite gardening subject.
One of the most indestructible house plants seems to be Crassula.
Peat moss is an ideal medium in which to store Dahlia tubers.
Place straw matting over cold frames in very cold weather.
Plants received as Christmas gifts shouldn't be subject to too much dry heat, and kept out of drafts.
Seeds that are to be kept over winter should be wrapped in cotton and placed in a tightly-covered tin box.
Slat screens over cold frames will keep them at an even temperature.
Snow fencing should be placed to block the prevailing winds, and cause snow to pile against it.
This is a great time to page through all of the new seed catalogues, filling out a wish list.
Throw away old gardening catalogues as new ones arrive.
To prevent Tree Peonies from having their buds blasted by late frosts, net them with wire and cover with leaves.
Try using materials from your own garden to decorate your home for the holiday season.
Tulip and Lily bulbs can still be planted as long as the ground isnĵt frozen too deep.
Two good choices for blue flowers indoors are Browallias and Saintpaulias.
When your pots of bulbs in the basement are filled with roots, they are ready for forcing in the light.
Why not poke some evergreen branches in your window boxes to add interest over winter.
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In these challenging economic times, families are rightly concerned with stretching each dollar as far as it can go. Many families making college decisions are under particular stress as they consider their own financial situation and read stories about the increasing price of higher education in the United States. Yet now, more than ever, the increasingly competitive global economy and the need for young scientists, businesspeople and leaders equipped to solve the profound problems facing our world makes higher education critical for our individual and collective future prosperity.
With Indiana preparing for College GO! Week (Oct. 12-16), I encourage high school students and families to look at the full range of colleges and universities, public and private, small and large, church-affiliated or secular that are available in this state. As families consider these options, it is important to consider which institution offers the most value.
The best value isn’t necessarily the lowest price. In making an investment as important as education – a decision that will help set the course of the rest of one’s life – students and parents must ask themselves what the long-term return on their investment will be.
When buying a car, families don’t simply look at the sticker price. They ask if a car can be depended on to run for years without breaking down, if it gets good gas mileage and if everyone will fit comfortably. A college decision is somewhat like that car search, and it often turns out that the best value isn’t necessarily what at first glance appears to be the cheapest.
While it can appear private colleges are more expensive than public institutions based upon tuition, families should consider the difference that smaller class sizes, more readily available courses, financial aid packages and overall educational quality can make in the real cost of attending a school.
At Valparaiso University, for example, 63 percent of students enrolling as first-year students graduate in four years. Compare that performance with the full range of Indiana’s institutions. Graduating in four rather than five years saves a year of tuition bills and living expenses. That’s a difference of tens of thousands of dollars for those able to launch their career a year or even two years earlier.
In addition to helping students graduate earlier, many of Indiana’s private institutions also are deeply committed to making college affordable to families of all income levels through financial aid packages. Approximately 93 percent of Valpo students receive financial aid, with an average aid package of more than $24,000.
Financial aid can leave students with a smaller bill to pay at a private college or university than some public institutions, even though the published cost of tuition is higher. Many families of modest means already recognize the value offered by private higher education. As evidence, the average family income of students at Indiana’s independent colleges and universities is $3,500 lower than that of students at four-year state institutions. Statistics show that Indiana’s private institutions enroll students from all socio-economic classes.
Consider also the indicators of the quality of the education available at many private universities. Classes at institutions such as Valpo are taught by professors – not teaching assistants – because we are focused 100 percent on student success. A rigorous liberal arts curriculum that fosters critical thinking combined with professional experiences and plenty of leadership opportunities make private university graduates increasingly attractive to employers in a rapidly changing world. A Valpo education is much more than a commodity that one buys like a care – it is a life-changing and life-affirming experience. Just ask our alumni.
As students and families consider colleges, I urge you to ask about graduation rates, what financial aid is available, internship opportunities, job or graduate school placement rates and whether students regularly collaborate with faculty. The answers will help you choose a school that is the best fit for you. And also consider the degree to which you approach your college choice as a product you are buying, or an opportunity to transform yourself – intellectually, creatively and even spiritually. Your approach will determine whether you will make the best choice and get the most out of your investment.
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State Duma deputy, champion of Roman wrestling
1. I beleive that statistical calculations or description of the medical consequences of drug use can not stop people from the temptation to try drugs themselves. Consequence of even short term drug use should be described in more details, "romanticization" or "glorification" of drug use should be excluded from television.
And, of course, a reasonable choice of the "synthetic happiness", ie drugs, OR interesting, leisure-time activities - sport, culture, hobbies should be provided-.
The state takes care of the possible leisure activities, but it also should more aggressively offer a choice in favor of a healthy and proper lifestyle and values through the media.
2. The role of the family - is primary. Starting from the personal example given by senior family members, and clear life values.
3. Only through stories of people who used drugs but decided to return to the normal life, through their "direct speeches" can other people be convinced that using drugs is not the best choice.
The main thing to remember is to think of others: it is easy to make a wrong choise. It is much harder to stop using drugs. It is inextricably difficulat to change the attitudes to those who came back from the abyss - but it must be done.
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Irish judge warns abuse inquiry will take time
The judge who ran an inquiry into child abuse and neglect in Irish institutions says the Australian Government should not put an arbitrary time frame on its royal commission into child sexual abuse.
Ireland is the only other country to have launched a national child abuse inquiry similar to that announced on Monday by Prime Minister Julia Gillard.
The majority of allegations investigated by the commission, led by high court judge Sean Ryan, related to 60 residential schools operated by the Catholic Church and funded and supervised by Ireland's department of education.
After nine years of inquiries, the commission reported its findings in 2009.
It said rape and abuse of Irish children in Catholic care was endemic: the entire system that held 30,000 children treated them more like prison inmates and slaves than people with legal rights and human potential; and that some religious officials encouraged ritual beatings and consistently shielded their orders amid a culture of self-serving secrecy.
When confronted with evidence of child abuse, religious authorities responded by transferring offenders to other locations, where in many instances they were free to abuse again.
Independent Senator Nick Xenophon said earlier on Tuesday that the Australian inquiry should not run for more than two years, but Judge Ryan told Lateline he does not believe there should be a fixed time frame.
You can certainly cut out one element or another element and reduce the time, or you can increase the number of people working... It always takes longer than you'd think.Irish high court judge Sean Ryan
"We had a time limit but there was a capacity to extend the time limit," he said.
"Everybody running an inquiry is conscious of the need to achieve the outcome, the result, to conclude the investigation.
"But I simply don't think you can pick an arbitrary time limit - well I wouldn't have thought you could do so - without knowing how many people are going to be giving evidence or how you're going to do it.
"Obviously a national inquiry has huge practical questions attached to it."
He says nobody ever expects any inquiry to take nine years.
"When I took over, it was in January '04, and I was very happy and indeed pleased that we were able to produce the report in May '09," he said.
"Could that have been done faster? Undoubtedly. But could it have been done a huge amount faster? I don't know. These things take time.
"You can certainly cut out one element or another element and reduce the time, or you can increase the number of people working... It always takes longer than you'd think."
Judge Ryan added every public inquiry wrestles with similar issues of comprehensiveness.
"How do we include as many people as possible? How do we achieve that with sensitivity for, very often, vulnerable people who have been exposed to wrongs?
"How do we accommodate that, at the same time respecting the legal and human rights of people who are accused of things and who have a right to defend themselves? And how can we achieve all this in a reasonable time and at a reasonable cost?
"What particular mixture of elements you put together depends on the terms of reference and how specifically you're doing it, how many people are involved, and a variety of other things. But those essentially are issues that every investigation has to wrestle with."
Key interviews: The road to the royal commission
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Welcome to this weeks newsletter
|Events / Promotions
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This week we start in Burma, where the countries bird flu problem is more serious than originally thought, with 100 outbreaks detected since the deadly avian virus was first confirmed last month, the FAO said today.
He Changchui, the FAO’s regional representative, said authorities initially believed that the deadly H5N1 virus was limited to two outbreaks. “The situation there was more serious than we imagined,” he told a news conference in Bangkok, Thailand. “Up to now, there are over 100 outbreaks.”
Niger, one of the world's poorest countries, began culling poultry on Sunday, more than a month after it first discovered an outbreak of deadly avian flu near its southern border with Nigeria.
The semi-desert former French colony ordered the culling of all poultry in affected areas on February 28, the day after an outbreak of H5N1 was confirmed. It later appealed for international help, saying it lacked the resources to do the job.
Burkina Faso (West Africa) has confirmed an outbreak of the killer H5N1 avian influenza virus, but international experts warn that the government is ill prepared to contain the crisis, posing a risk of further outbreak in the region.
The Minister of Animal Resources confirmed that three cases of the bird flu strain H5N1 have been identified on a poultry farm in the Kadiogo province, just 10 km from the capital Ouagadougou.
Efforts to control the H5N1 bird flu virus, now found in more than 40 countries, have been partly successful, the FAO said, citing countries such as Vietnam as an example.
The appearance of the H5N1 virus in Asia in late 2003 sparked the current round of global outbreaks. No human cases have been found since last year in Vietnam, which has the most human fatalities as a result of bird flu, or in Thailand, which was second to Vietnam in human cases in 2004.
There have been 42 human fatalities from bird flu in Vietnam and 14 in Thailand.
Vietnam has found the bird flu virus in chickens smuggled from China, the first case in poultry since December, officials said on Thursday. The state-run Vietnam Economic Times newspaper reported that Animal Health Institute tests confirmed the presence of the H5 virus component in chickens seized in the northern border province of Lang Son, 154 km (96 miles) north of Hanoi.
China is sharing more samples of the human avian flu virus with the World Health Organization, a Chinese health official said in Beijing yesterday. China will provide four samples of human bird flu virus to the WHO - the second such contribution from the country, according to Wang Yu, director of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
In Germany, authorities said on Sunday that they had finished culling 30,000 domestic birds in the area where the first bird flu case on a commercial poultry farm was found. A spokesman for the state of Saxony said a commercial poultry farm in the town of Wermsdorf and a slaughterhouse nearby would be thoroughly cleansed to rid them of any traces of H5N1 bird flu virus.
Scientists at the Friedrich Loeffler Institute of animal health confirmed on Wednesday that the H5N1 strain of avian flu virus had been found on the farm. However, they added that further tests were being carried out to see if it is the highly pathogenic Asian variety, which has killed more than 20 people this year.
Arbor Acres - Helping Success take Shape
The European Parliament plans to help EU chicken farmers facing a sharp drop in consumption due to the outbreak of avian flu. MEPs support Commission efforts to extend compensation not just for those directly affected by the virus, but also for farmers suffering due to the "serious disturbances" on EU markets.
Parliament approved a Commission proposal today that would create a legal base for compensating farmers who have been hurt by the sudden decrease in consumer demand for eggs and poultry meat.
In the UK, the poultry industry will be watching for signs of a consumer backlash against chicken and eggs today following confirmation of the first case of H5N1 bird flu in Britain. As thousands of callers rang the Government's hotline with reports of dead swans, geese, gulls and garden birds, farmers and health officials repeated assurances that there was no risk to public health.
The run-up to Easter is traditionally a bumper week for sales of poultry and eggs and a slump in sales could cost the £1.2 billion industry dearly.
The UK's big four supermarket chains report strong, maintained sales of chicken and eggs despite the recent case of bird flu, said the National Farmers Union on Friday. Asda, Sainsbury's, Tesco and Morrison's have all reported no significant change to poultry meat or egg sales in light of the H5N1 bird flu strain.
The statement follows a sharp drop in poultry sales earlier this year in France and Italy due to bird flu concerns.
The death of a Scottish swan from bird flu suggests that other infected birds are flying around Britain, but the chances of any human contracting the virus are still extraordinary low, the head of the United Nations' global fight against the disease said last night.
More than 70 animal health experts were sent out this weekend into the six-mile surveillance zone around the coastal village of Cellardyke in Fife, where the swan was found, to collect bird carcasses, photograph them and send them for laboratory sampling. Scottish farmers within the zone were told to keep their hens indoors and diagnostic laboratories were working today to test eight other birds for the H5N1 virus.
Vencomatic - Complete Solutions in Poultry Equipment
Twelve swans and two other birds are currently being tested for bird flu in Scotland. Charles Milne, Scotland's Chief Veterinary Officer, says they are routine tests and there are no indications that H5N1 may be present.
Authorities confirmed a couple of days ago that a dead swan found in Fife had died of H5N1 infection. The other 14 birds being currently tested are also from the general area near to where the swan was found.
All farmers taking part in the Farm Nutrient Management scheme in Northern Ireland are now expected to be paid the 60% grant for investing in slurry storage, following an emergency meeting between the Ulster Farmers Union and agriculture minister Jeff Rooker.
Questionmarks over the funding first came to light at the beginning of March when DARD announced that the £45m set aside for the scheme would not be enough.
Polish poultry companies are going to demand big retailers pay them back the fees collected in the past following a landmark court case. After the Highest Court said that the fees paid by a producer to Biedronka retailers were illegal, the poultry producers decided to use the precedent to fight for their rights.
“We have already asked our members to collect documents proving they pay additional fees for the last five years”, Leszek Kawski, the general director of the National Poultry Council of the Economic Chamber, said.
Croatia confirmed Friday night the first bird flu case in the capital of Zagreb after a dead swan found there tested positive for the H5 strain of bird flu virus. The dead swan was found on the shores of the Sava River in southeast Zagreb last weekend, said a spokesman for the Croatian Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management Ministry.
Tests confirmed that the dead bird had contracted the H5 type of bird flu virus, but test findings as to whether it was the lethal H5N1 strain would be released on Sunday or Monday, reports from Zagreb quoted him as saying.
VIROCID - The Global Disinfectant
Finding bird flu in the United States could spell trouble for Ohio's egg industry, which ranks second only to Iowa's nationwide.
Within an hour's drive of Dayton are the nation's top two egg-producing counties, Darke and Mercer, whose egg, turkey and other poultry farms together generated $250 million in farm receipts in 2003.
Poultry scientists at the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture have found that Hops, an herb used in brewing beer, might work as a substitute for growth promoting antibiotics in broiler diets.
UA scientists Susan Watkins and Park Waldroup, along with graduate students Jana Cornelison and Frances Yan, conducted the research at the Division of Agriculture's Center of Excellence for Poultry Science.
The Texas Animal Health Commission on Tuesday announced it would wait until next year to develop mandatory premises registration regulations for places that livestock and fowl are held, handled or managed. The proposal is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's plan to tag animals so they can be tracked to prevent the rapid spread of disease. The plan, called the National Animal Identification System, would enable animal health officials to trace the movement of diseased or exposed livestock or poultry within 48 hours.
H.J. Heinz Company HNZ has completed the sale of its New Zealand based poultry business, Tegel Foods, to Pacific Equity Partners. The transaction is valued at NZ$250 million (approximately US$165 million). The transaction is part of Heinz's strategy to divest non-core businesses.
Tegel is a leading processor of fresh poultry and animal feeds which markets chilled and frozen chicken and turkey products and owns processing plants, feed mills and livestock operations throughout New Zealand.
State Attorney General Drew Edmondson asked a federal judge Monday to toss out poultry company claims against more than one hundred Oklahomans.
The state filed a federal lawsuit against several poultry companies in June 2005, alleging that the companies released hazardous pollutants into the Illinois River and Lake Tenkiller. The poultry companies later field claims naming 160 Oklahoma citizens, businesses and cities as third-party defendants in the suit.
Visit Safe-Poultry.com and learn about salmonella in poultry
Pas Reform's next generation, single-stage Smart incubation system is rapidly being established worldwide, as a premier solution to meeting the three key challenges facing commercial hatcheries: genetic progress, post-hatch performance and uniformity. And in 2006, Pas Reform will push the boundaries of performance still further, to meet new challenges and set standards for uniformity on every level in the modern hatchery.
We have 3 new features this week
Managing Ducks For Egg Production
By Dan L. Cunningham, Extension Coordinator, The University of Georgia - Many people enjoy keeping a small flock of ducks on their farm or around their homes when space is available. Ducks are beautiful animals and can be entertaining as well as having practical value as weed eaters and egg producers.
Prospects for Agricultural Markets and Income 2005 - 2012 for EU-25
By the European Commission - Concrete measures to improve the protection and welfare of animals over the next five years are outlined in a new Action Plan on the protection and welfare of animals, adopted by the Commission today. The Action Plan aims to ensure that animal welfare is addressed in the most effective manner possible over the coming years, in all EU sectors and through EU relations with Third countries.
UK Poultry Disease Quarterly Surveillance Report (to December 2005)
By Veterinary Laboratories Agency - This report monitors trends in the major endemic poultry diseases and utilises the farmfile and VIDA (Veterinary Investigation Disease Analysis) databases. The report is compiled using disease data gathered by the network of 15 VLA regional laboratories which carry out disease investigation in the field.
Reaching new peaks of performance
That's all for this week!
ThePoultrySite.com newsletter is mailed on a weekly basis to over 7000 addresses. In the last quarter of 2005 the site received an average of just over 450,000 visits. For more information on the marketing opportunities associated with thePoultrySite.com email: email@example.comM Enterprise Limited, POB 233, Sheffield, S35 OBP, England
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Join Date: Jan 2002
Posts: 26,299Rep Power: 110
The world may be required to go vegetarian by 2050
-World may be forced to go vegetarian by 2050, scientists say
It simply takes too much water to grow a steak. In a new report, leading water scientists say the human population would have to switch to an almost entirely vegetarian diet by 2050 to avoid catastrophic global food and water shortages.
"There will not be enough water available … to produce food for the expected 9 billion population in 2050 if we follow current trends," Malin Falkenmark and colleagues at the Stockholm International Water Institute stated in the report. By their estimation, there should be just enough water to go around if humans derive just 5 percent of their calories from animal-based foods by midcentury, instead of the 20 percent of calories that they currently get from meat, eggs and dairy.
It's a simple numbers game: Cattle, for example, consume a shocking 17 times more grain calories than they produce as meat calories. All that lost grain (which humans could have eaten) requires water. "Producing food requires more water than any other human activity — and meat production is very water-intensive," Josh Weinberg, the institute's communications officer, told Life's Little Mysteries.
The fixed amount of water on Earth indicates people must reduce their meat consumption to avoid shortages. But with so many meat lovers around, will people actually do it?
They'll be forced to eat less meat, experts say. But not by government intervention or their own inner moral compasses. For most people, the choice between a juicy, medium-rare sirloin steak and a humble plateful of soybeans won't turn on which one is sucking wells dry in Texas. It will hinge on the contents of their wallets.
In fact, meat eating is already on the decline in the United States. It reached its peak in 2007. According to Janet Larsen, director of research at the nonprofit Earth Policy Institute, Americans collectively consumed 55 billion pounds (25 billion kilograms) of meat that year. This year, consumption will total about 52 billion pounds (22 billion kg). Beef eating has dropped off the most.
One driver, Larsen said, is health; another is environmental concerns, because meat production contributes greatly to greenhouse gas emissions and thus global warming. But the primary reason meat-eating has fallen is the rising price of meat, especially beef, Larsen said. And that reflects the increasing price of the corn used to feed livestock.
Incomes aren't rising nearly as fast as corn prices, and people end up filling their carts with less meat," Larsen told Life's Little Mysteries. She thinks the trend will continue. "We might go back to when Sunday night dinner was [the only time] when you had a chicken on the table."
In the past two years, corn prices have been driven up in the United States by droughts across the Southern Plains — a palpable demonstration that water is the ultimate deciding factor in the availability of meat. A fixed amount of water paired with a growing world population means something has to give (or if not give, at least become a luxury). And that something is meat eating.
"When you look at the absolute numbers of people on the planet and the amount of food that we're producing, you ask the age-old question: How many people can Earth support? We look at the question from the perspective of food-intake levels," Larsen said.
"People in India eat very little meat, so they consume about 200 kilograms [441 pounds] of grain per person each year. At that level of consumption, our total grain harvest could support 10 billion people on the planet. In the U.S., people are eating closer to 800 kilograms [1,768 pounds] of grain, and that's because much of our grain is being consumed indirectly through livestock. At that level, we could only support a world population of closer to 6 billion or less."
Humans stand at 7 billion strong partly because most people consume a fraction of the grain that Americans do. As the population presses upward, placing ever greater demand on the grain supply, fewer people will be able to afford the large quantity of grain that goes into each pound of meat. Wealthy populations will import grain to support their meat-eating, but at great cost.
Beef will probably end up as the priciest meat of all, Larsen said. In fact, although people in China, India and other rapidly modernizing countries are eating more meat, beef production is already leveling off globally, according to Larsen. "I don't think that the world will be able to produce much more beef," she said. Cows just eat too much.
"Not all animal-based foods are created equal," said Gidon Eshel, a statistician at Bard College in upstate New York who studies the energy cost of various agricultural practices. "Certainly beef is a huge contributor to unchecked water consumption that is hard to imagine continuing."
Eshel's research shows that beef has a "conversion efficiency" of just 6 percent: "So if you give a cow 100 calories of feed, it will produce 6 edible beef calories," he said. Chicken and turkey are four times more efficient, and pork falls in between poultry and beef. [How Much Water Is Used to Grow a Hamburger?]
The low conversion efficiency of the cow is partly due to its digestion, which starts in the rumen. "A ruminant supports itself as well as a couple trillion protozoa and fungi and unicellular organisms that also make a living in its rumen," Eshel said. "We humans also have a ridiculous amount of bacteria, but it is unique that for [cows and other ruminants] the bulk of those hitchhikers are involved in digestion — they mostly live in that oxygen-free chamber called the rumen." In this symbiotic relationship, the bacteria break down cell walls in plant matter and extract the useful material, some of which gets offered up to the host cow, and some of which they use for their own metabolism, Eshel said. "Without them, cows would be no more competent at digesting ruffage than we are."
Considering how much grain cows require to satisfy both themselves and their hangers-on, Eshel thinks beef is still pretty cheap. (In the United States, it's cheap enough to contribute to the obesity epidemic, he noted.) This is bound to change, whether the passionate meat lovers of the world like it or not. "I assume the ranks of 'passionate meat eaters' will thin dramatically," he said, "once it is expensive."
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Nope, it's perfectly normal to feel that way. Many women get tired of being pregnant during the third trimester, and some even earlier. What's exciting and new during the first few weeks and months of pregnancy can become pretty tedious by the sixth or seventh month.
Let's face it, there's nothing particularly thrilling about having to roll out of bed sideways, groan every time you stand up, and pee 20 times a day. Sure, you always get offered a seat on the train, but you also face little delights like hemorrhoids and heartburn. It's enough to wipe the rosy glow from even the most excited mom-to-be.
However, if your pregnancy ennui starts to feel more like persistent blues or anxiety that's affecting your ability to function, talk to your prenatal care practitioner. Although mood swings are common in pregnancy (especially among women who suffer from PMS), feeling chronically bored and listless could be a symptom of depression.
Postpartum depression gets more attention in the press, but at least 10 percent of women have bouts of depression during pregnancy. Untreated depression isn't good for you, so it's important to get treatment. Fortunately, most cases of pregnancy-related depression can be treated by a supportive therapist and with antidepressant medication if necessary.
On top of your physical discomfort, you may find yourself enduring endless questions and comments from others about your pregnancy. "Once I started showing, no one at work ever talked to me about anything but being pregnant," recalls Susan Greer, an accountant and mother of one from New Hampshire. "By the sixth month, I wanted that baby out and my body and identity back."
And then there are the unsolicited comments – and hands – on your physique. "I'm always getting 'Wow, you are so big!' comments, advice I didn't ask for, and people touching my stomach," a mom-to-be writes in the BabyCenter Community. "As if I'm not already annoyed because of how uncomfortable I am!"
Many women get tired of conversation that focuses on their burgeoning physical state. Try steering conversation back to non-pregnancy topics – even if it's just the weather or the latest reality TV show. Feel free to tell your family and close friends that you need a reprieve from pregnancy talk, and you're back in the market for conversation that has nothing to do with food cravings and not being able to see your feet.
Also, give yourself permission to vent when you feel the need. Although family and friends (and even life partners) can sometimes get worn down from a verbal catalogue of pregnancy woes, you can count on finding a sympathetic ear in other pregnant women. Commiserate and trade advice with other women due the same month as you in the BabyCenter Community.
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Goals of MSCI
The goal of the Black Hills State University Master of Science in Curriculum & Instruction (MSCI) is to facilitate professional growth while preparing graduate candidates for leadership in roles beyond the classroom. Join us and expand your understanding of research and research-based practices while you prepare to be a Math Specialist, Science Specialist, or Technology Integrationist. You will have opportunities to take graduate work directly into your classrooms and into leadership experiences to better connect theory to practice.
State and National Standards
Math and Science Specialist programs lead to advanced certifications in the state of South Dakota. The Technology Integrationist program prepares technology integrationists but also has broader instructional purposes for persons not employed as P-12 teachers. Courses in each of the four specializations align with national standards of the designated professional association (National Council for Teachers of Mathematics, National Science Teachers Association, or International Society for Technology Education). Core courses are guided by the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS).
The MSCI uses a cohort structure that establishes a core of learning relationships and develops faculty and student collaboration. Students move through the MSCI together in a sequence of courses leading to the 35-credit degree.
The MSCI Technology Integrationist and M.Ed Reading Specialist programs of study are online except for clinical practice experiences arranged for students in their home locations during the last full semester of study. These two programs are designed to be completed in two years. The MSCI Math Specialist and MSCI Science Specialist programs are partially site-based with core courses online.
Programs of Study
The Master of Science in Curriculum & Instruction (MSCI) offers four different plans of study. Each plan leads to different opportunities. Go to Programs of Study to take a closer look.
Dr. Faye LaDuke Pelster - Graduate Program Coordinator
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Early changes in liver function detected by novel techniques can identify severe infection (sepsis) hours after onset and so could have important implications for the treatment of patients who are critically ill, according to a groundbreaking study by European researchers published in this week's PLOS Medicine.
Almost half of all people who develop severe sepsis die as this life-threatening condition often develops quickly and is often diagnosed too late to save the patient's life.
In this study, the authors from Austria, Germany, and the UK, led by Peter Recknagel from Jena University Hospital in Germany, used experimental laboratory work in cell cultures, genetically modified mice and rats, and studies carried out in critically ill patients to shed light on the mechanisms behind severe sepsis.
They found that in animal models, liver dysfunction is an early sign of sepsis and that a process known as PI3K signalling (which is involved in several immune processes) plays a crucial role in the development of liver dysfunction. The authors also found that all aspects of detoxification by the liver are affected during sepsis, a finding which suggests that clinical outcomes are linked to the severity of these liver changes.
The clinical information included in the study from 48 patients with severe sepsis also supports the finding from the animal models and suggests that liver function tests might help in the early diagnosis of sepsis and also provide information about possible clinical outcomes. As many medicines are broken down in the liver, these findings suggest that giving certain drugs to patients with severe sepsis may further damage the liver.
The authors explain their findings: "Liver dysfunction is an early and commonplace event in the rat model of sepsis studied here; PI3K signalling seems to play a crucial role. All aspects of hepatic biotransformation are affected, with severity relating to subsequent prognosis."
They continue: "Detected changes significantly precede conventional markers and are reflected by early alterations in plasma bile acids."
The authors conclude; "These observations carry important implications for the diagnosis of liver dysfunction and pharmacotherapy in the critically ill. Further clinical work is necessary to extend these concepts into clinical practice."
In an accompanying Perspective, John Marshall, a critical care expert from the University of Toronto (uninvolved in the study), says: "The hybrid translational model embodied in the work reported here by Bauer and colleagues not only provides a valuable new insight into the pathogenesis of liver derangements in sepsis, but even more importantly, establishes a model that should be welcomed and embraced by scientists working in the field."
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Wearable, connected fitness monitors are a dime a dozen these days. But developers of NewYu, a monitor that will be available in September, claim they've got an edge on their competition.
The device, which is meant to clip to clothing on the torso or to a pocket, is purported to provide a more accurate view of calories burned by tracking, and differentiating between, all movements throughout the day.
In other words, NewYu knows if you've been running or walking, cooking or cleaning, shopping, or (presumably) mating...You get the idea. Actually, Van Krueger, CEO of parent company Wellcore, tells me they decided to steer clear of the "mating" category, but that it will register as low-, medium-, or high-impact aerobics, depending of course on the intensity of the, shall we say, heat of the moment.
Krueger says the fitness monitor is able to differentiate among activities by using advanced pattern recognition technology. This works much the way voice recognition does;… Read more
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Vincent “Buddy” Cianci, Jr.,
mayor of Providence, Rhode Island, was indicted in April on federal charges of racketeering, conspiracy, extortion, witness tampering, and mail fraud. Several other city officials were also indicted. Cianci is revered in Providence, credited with revitalizing the city's economy and image. Rather than maintaining a low profile after the indictment, Cianci went out of his way to poke fun at the investigation, code-named “Operation Plunder Dome.”
Information Please® Database, © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
More on Vincent Buddy Cianci Jr from Infoplease:
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An earthquake with a 6.1 magnitude rating on the Richter scale occurred in northeastern Japan on late Wednesday. Officials have said that the quake took place deep under the surrounding seas, but thankfully there is no expectation of a tsunami. Local news is saying that Aomori Prefecture felt most of the trembler effects.
The U.S. Geological Survey reports that the 6.1 quake originated from roughly 107 kilometers (66 miles) northeast of Hachinoche, on the island of Honshu, and 119 kilometers (74 miles) southeast of Hakodate, on Hokkaido. It was measured to be from a depth of 40 kilometers (25 miles). There was no tsunami warning issued. Currently, there are no reports of serious damage or injuries in the area, and all nearby nuclear power plants have reported no impairment or irregularities.
On March 11th, 2011, Japan’s northeastern Tohoku region was destroyed by an earthquake of magnitude 9.0, and the resulting tsunami. The disaster left almost 19,000 people dead or reported missing, and reduced coastal towns to rubble, sweeping millions of pieces of debris into the sea, which in recent months has only begun to turn up on North America’s western coasts. In addition, the tsunami badly damaged the reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant, causing the world’s largest nuclear meltdown since Chernobyl in 1986.
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Rib Lake is located in central, northern
Wisconsin in Taylor County, 45 miles northwest of Wausau. (Map)
The 320-acre lake is nestled within the town of Rib Lake along State
Highway 102. The Rib Lake Area is a year-round recreational
wonderland with spectacular scenery, abundant wildlife, and thousands of
acres of public lands. Many people enjoy camping, fishing, hiking,
hunting, swimming, ice fishing, skiing, and snowmobiling. Many types of
fish are caught in the lake such as Northern, Walleye, Muskie, and
various pan fish. The Rib Lake segment of the Ice Age National Scenic
Trail offers beautiful hardwood forests which welcomes 4, 7, or 12 mile
hikes during the spring, summer and fall, or cross country skiing in the
Taylor County belongs to the Colby Silt
Loam group of the 10 major soil areas. The soil is a silty clay loam
especially good for the production of clover and timothy hay. This area
produces forage crops (alfalfa and clover/grass mixtures), small grains
(oats, barley and rye), and corn harvested as silage or high moisture
grain. The region is also characterized by steep rolling hills good for
of Rib Lake is deeply rooted in the logging industry.
historical marker placed on the shore of Rib Lake outlines the
logging history of the area.
This composite map
posted at Rib Lake shows the extensive trail system that developed
from 1882-1948. Parts of these trails are in existence today.
In 2001, the community of Rib Lake had a
population 875 and offers two strong financial institutions, strong
manufacturing base in wood, injection molding, cabinetry, plywood and
information about Rib Lake and surrounding area in Taylor County?
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Throttled data transfer, also known as data transfer throttling or lean data transfer, is the deliberate regulation of the data transfer rate in a communications system. Data transfer throttling can be used in any scenario where it is necessary or desirable to limit the amount of data that can be sent or received per unit time.
Data transfer throttling is often used to prevent spam or bulk e-mail transmission through a network server. If the number of e-mail messages sent through the server is limited to, say, one destination address per minute, it is impossible for that server to effectively operate as a medium for the transmission of spam because it would take weeks or months to transfer the number of messages necessary for effective spam marketing.
Data transfer throttling can be used to prevent the uploading or downloading of e-mail messages with large attachments that could otherwise overwhelm an e-mail server. Throttling can be also be useful for public Internet access kiosks, wireless hot spots, public libraries and Internet cafes to prevent "bandwidth hogging" by individual users.
If implemented on a large enough scale, data transfer throttling can control the spread of computer viruses, worms or other malware through the Internet. When used for this purpose, a data transfer throttling program is called a virus throttleor malware throttle.
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Chinese leaders have endured a tumultuous year. The veil of secrecy around the party has been lifted, with reports of rifts and infighting. And the fall of Bo brought about China's biggest political scandal in decades.
Bo, once party chief of the massive metropolis of Chongqing, is now in disgrace awaiting trial. His wife, Gu Kailai, is in prison, convicted of murdering a British business associate.
China is straddling many fault lines: a widening gap between rich and poor, rising unrest about issues like pollution and land seizures, and a slowing economy that some say is in need of serious reform.
Another issue Hu's government has struggled to tackle during its decade in power is the discontent and unrest among Tibetans living under Chinese rule.
Authorities were given a grim reminder on Wednesday of the disillusionment and desperation of many Tibetans in western areas of China after four people set themselves on fire to protest Chinese rule.
One teenage Tibetan monk died and two were injured after self-immolating in a majority Tibetan region of Sichuan Province, said Penpa Tsering, a spokesman for the Tibetan parliament in exile in Dharamsala, India. And a 23-year-old Tibetan woman died a separate incident in Qinghai Province, Tsering said, citing unidentified people in Tibetan areas.
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The travel team at Simpson Millar is receiving more reports of holidaymakers who are returning to the UK after a holiday in Sunrise Tirana Aqua Park with illnesses.
This popular hotel has had a past history of illness outbreaks hitting holidaymakers. Recent reports have highlighted issues with the hygiene practices. Guests have reported undercooked food at the all-inclusive buffet and the hotel swimming pool smelling of vomit.
The symptoms of illness that the holidaymakers are suffering from include diarrhoea, vomiting and severe stomach cramps. These symptoms could be linked to bacterial infections such as Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shigella and E-coli.
If you have suffered illness whilst on holiday, it is advisable to visit your doctor and request a stool sample be taken so that the illness can be identified. If you determine what illness it is that you are suffering from, it will then be possible to narrow down the source of the illness. For example, if you were to be tested positive for Salmonella, you could narrow the source of this down to chicken or eggs.
Get in touch with Simpson Millar today if you suspect you might have fallen fowl of illness at the Sunrise Tirana Aqua Park.
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Tuesday, January 24, 2012
Today marks the 300th birthday of Prussia's legendary King Frederick II "the Great" (r 1740-86). I celebrated the anniversary at Henk's European Deli in Dallas with visiting German monarchist Reinhold Heuvelmann who is a member of the Bund aufrechte Monarchisten, itself part of the Deutsche Monarchistische Gesellschaft, and will be attending the Monarchieforum in Gotha in September. Rather more elaborate celebrations, of course, were held in Germany which after years of suspicion of anything Prussian or military is allowing itself to commemorate Frederick the Great's tercentennial, albeit not without ambivalence, as the New York Times reports. I myself while admiring his genius have mixed feelings about Frederick's wars, tending to sympathize more with Empress Maria Theresa in the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-48). But what is more important to me as a musician is Frederick's enthusiasm for and involvement in the arts, which I discussed in a 2002 graduate school paper. Whether the King's flute concerti are considered first-rate compositions or not, can you imagine any prominent contemporary European republican politicians composing a flute concerto? To ask the question is to answer it.
Here Frederick's current heir Prince Georg Friedrich of Prussia speaks on the anniversary of his collateral ancestor's birth:
Friday, January 20, 2012
King Constantine, Queen Anne-Marie, Crown Prince Pavlos and Crown Princess Marie-Chantal (whose voice I don't think I'd heard before) discussed the Greek and Danish monarchies with CNN's Max Foster, unsurprisingly full of affectionate well-deserved praise for the Queen's sister Margrethe II and concern for the situation in Greece. Personally I can't help wishing that His Majesty had not explicitly ruled out restoration of the Greek monarchy as "not on my agenda," though it's admittedly difficult to see how it realistically could be at the moment. As a royalist friend pointed out, the King, 71, has had some health problems in recent years and perhaps one day if Greeks get disillusioned with their chaotic republic the Crown Prince will have a chance.
Tuesday, January 17, 2012
Diane Rehm interviews Sally Bedell Smith about her new book Elizabeth the Queen: The Life of a Modern Monarch, including topics such as the fascination of many Americans with the British Monarchy and anecdotes such as HM's priceless reaction to Smith's daughter's plans to get married in London on the Fourth of July: "that's a bit dangerous!" Ms. Smith does an excellent job responding to a question from a listener who doesn't see the point of an "archaic" monarchy, probably better than I would have done since I have little patience for people like that.
(Thanks to my mother Susan Raccoli for calling my attention to this program.)
Bill Jamieson, a columnist whose name I had not encountered before but who seems to be something of a kindred spirit, celebrates Hungary's new constitution which has horrified the EU political establishment by removing the word "Republic" from the country's official name, affirming Hungary's roots in Christianity and the Crown of St Stephen, and explicitly repudiating Communism. While the monarchy has not been restored (though as Mr Jamieson points out Archduke Georg seems to be ready), it's definitely a step in the right direction. Long live the Kingdom of Hungary!
Monday, January 16, 2012
Saturday, January 14, 2012
Forty years ago today, on January 14, 1972, King Frederik IX (a music-loving sailor who liked nothing better than to conduct the Danish National Radio Symphony in his spare time) died, deeply mourned by his family and subjects. In a break with the unique alternating Christian/Frederik pattern that had persisted in Denmark for 459 years since 1513, he was succeeded by his eldest daughter who became Queen Margrethe II. Today Margrethe II, cheered this morning by loyal crowds in Copenhagen after paying her respects with her sisters and their extended family at their father's tomb, celebrates four decades at the head of the ancient Danish Monarchy, the only kingdom in Europe to have maintained both its monarchy and its independence continuously since medieval times. [While Norway and Sweden have also always had monarchies, it was Denmark that dominated the 1397-1523 Kalmar Union, forged by the remarkable Queen Margrethe I (1353-1412).]
It would be difficult to imagine a more gifted and accomplished head of state than Queen Margrethe. In addition to her constitutional duties, the Queen has studied archaeology, designed scenery and costumes for the Royal Danish Ballet, designed some of her own postage stamps, and illustrated the Danish edition of The Lord of the Rings to whose translation the multilingual Queen reportedly contributed as well. Surely this is one queen who may very well have become a well-known figure in her own right even had she not been born royal, but Denmark is all the better for having had her as its Queen. Individuals as talented and likable as Queen Margrethe rarely rise to the top of presidential republics, certainly not continuously for forty years! No wonder that the Danish monarchy is the most solidly popular in Europe, with over 80% support from the public.
As long ago as 1905, when Margrethe's great-great-grandfather Christian IX "Grandfather of Europe" (1818-1906) still reigned and France and Switzerland were the only republics in Europe, the longevity of the Danish monarchy was foreseen. A republican journalist ruefully admitted, "Denmark is by Our Lord chosen as the country that shall retain the monarchical principle until the end of time. When the rest of the world have dismissed their monarchs Denmark will be preserved as a small prehistoric country with a fairytale king, who on the great days of celebrations will ride in a golden coach while the golden apples dance in the fountain in the Old Square. And all the tourists of the world will make pilgrimages to Denmark to see how things were done in the old days." While I of course long to see the monarchical principle thrive widely outside Denmark as well, there can be no doubt that this ancient kingdom indeed retains something of the fairytale spirit and always will.
Recently the Queen [whose English like that of many educated Europeans is flawless, though it's worth noting that her maternal grandmother was Princess Margaret of Great Britain (1882-1920)] reflected on her reign and touchingly expressed her admiration for her British counterpart who is also celebrating a Jubilee this year. While I fervently support all ten of Europe's reigning sovereigns, and feel a particular ancestral connection to the British Monarchy, I've always had a special affection for Queen Margrethe due to her wide-ranging artistic interests, obvious intelligence, and sparkling personality. And in 2000 the Kingdom of Denmark (to which I returned the following summer) was the first current European monarchy I'd ever visited, before I ever set foot in Britain. I'm sure all readers will join me in expressing congratulations to Denmark's outstanding Queen as she and her lucky people celebrate forty years on the throne. Længe leve Dronningen!
Tuesday, January 10, 2012
I'm not sure which side is more ignorant and ridiculous: liberals who think that the main problem with a cartoon depicting Michelle Obama as Marie Antoinette is that it's "racist," or "conservatives" who think it clever to malign the martyred Queen in the first place. A plague on both their houses. (And people wonder why I refuse to participate in American politics!)
The cartoons also attempt to link President Obama with Louis XIV, or possibly Louis XVI, though it's not clear that their creators have any idea who either king was or what they looked like. As if the ignorance inherent in maligning Marie Antoinette (1755-1793) were not enough, the painting spoofed by "Gateway Pundit" and identified in the Mail article as one of her husband Louis XVI (1754-1793) actually depicts his great-great-great-grandfather Louis XIV (1638-1715), with whom I'm pretty sure Mr. Obama has nothing in common other than also being a head of state. But of course if the contemptible ignoramuses producing these defamatory images cared about such pesky details as historical facts, they wouldn't be producing them! It is supremely ironic for these disgusting liars to be labeled "right-wing," since that the whole ideological concept of the "Right" dates from the time of the French Revolution, when the Right were the defenders of the great French Monarchy.
As for that scum Bill O'Reilly who slandered Her Majesty as "villainous," truly there is no more pernicious pestilential pompous prick on television. Down with the evil Murdoch media and all its works!
Saturday, January 7, 2012
Naturally I condemn the new Prime Minister of Jamaica and her proposed treason. Given that many ordinary Jamaicans are still loyal to their Queen, some of them even reportedly regretting independence from Britain in 1962, it is not surprising that Mrs Simpson Miller apparently hopes to engineer the change without a referendum, thus avoiding the awkward step of actually consulting "The People" who republicans supposedly love so much. (Note: the fact that people in a constitutional monarchy have voted for a political party whose leaders are republicans, especially when other parties contain the same rot, does not necessarily mean that they all favour abandoning their Queen!) Long live Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica! Commonwealth Realms Forever!! Down with republicanism!!!
Meanwhile, similarly-minded Liberal traitors in Canada are hoping to advance the same foul cause. Hopefully this will come to nothing as it always has before. Unfortunately the media persist in advancing the lie that the issue is one of "cutting ties to the British crown," when it is the Canadian crown--a distinct institution since 1867--that is under attack. Don't forget to vote "No" in the poll! God Save the Queen!
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The latest news from presidential front-runners Hillary Clinton and Rudolph Giuliani illustrates their very different views of power and the presidency.
Clinton, always eager to wield power on behalf of her vision of the public good, has just endorsed new government mandates on health care and energy along with a $50 billion spending program for global AIDS. Meanwhile, revelations about Giuliani’s secretive use of New York City police and his refusal to allow the city comptroller to audit his security spending reflect his lifelong affinity for using and abusing power.
Clinton calls herself a “government junkie.” She says, “There is no such thing as other people’s children” and promises to work on “redefining who we are as human beings in the post-modern age.”
Running for President, she’s full of ideas about how to use the power of the federal government. Indeed, she says, “I have a million ideas. The country can’t afford them all.” That’s good to hear. But the ones she apparently thinks we can afford still include a national health care plan, a $50 billion program of energy subsidies, more money for local schools and local roads and bridges, a bailout fund for mortgage borrowers, $25 billion for “American Retirement Accounts,” and more. She still has the government junkie’s love for a nurturing and nannying government.
Seeking the presidential nomination of a Democratic Party furious at President Bush’s vast expansion of presidential power, she says that she would “restore the checks and balances and the separation of powers.” But back in 2003, she told ABC’s George Stephanopoulos, “I’m a strong believer in executive authority. I wish that, when my husband was President, people in Congress had been more willing to recognize presidential authority.” She encouraged President Clinton to intervene in Haiti and Bosnia and to bomb Serbia, all without congressional authorization.
Giuliani seems much less committed to any particular vision of government’s role. Rather, throughout his career Giuliani has displayed an authoritarian streak that is deeply troubling in a potential President who would assume executive powers vastly expanded by President Bush. As U.S. attorney, he pioneered the use of the midday, televised “perp walk” for white-collar defendants who posed no threat to the community. It was a brutal way to treat people who were, after all, innocent until proven guilty.
“Giuliani wants power concentrated in whatever position he holds at the time, and Clinton wants the federal government to have vast powers to do good as she sees it.”
As mayor he was so keen to “clean up the city” and crack down on dissent that he lost 35 First Amendment lawsuits. He fought against any oversight of his activities; he resisted investigations and audits by the Independent Budget Office and the New York State Comptroller. As Rachel Morris reported in the Washington Monthly, “Over the past 40 years, only two commissions had been held to revise New York’s governing document. During his time in office, Giuliani convened three.” And he stacked the commissions with close allies and pressed them to eliminate the IBO and the city ombudsman.
He released details from the sealed criminal records of police critics, in clear defiance of state law. But he did manage to seal the records of his own administration by transferring them to a private foundation, even though mayoral records are legally city property.
And to top it all off he simply couldn’t believe New Yorkers would want any other mayor, so he tried to repeal the city’s two-term limit on mayors. When that effort failed, he tried to get the legislature simply to award him more time in the job after the 9/11 attacks.
Now, as a presidential candidate, his authoritarian streak is still there. He defends the Bush administration’s domestic surveillance. He endorses the President’s power to arrest American citizens and hold them without access to a lawyer or a judge. He thinks the President has “the inherent authority to support the troops” even if Congress cut off funding for the war, a claim of presidential authority so sweeping that even President Bush and his supporters have not tried to make it.
Giuliani wants power concentrated in whatever position he holds at the time, and Clinton wants the federal government to have vast powers to do good as she sees it. Not a happy choice for the voters in a free country.
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Capital of the department of Vaucluse, France; formerly seat of the papal court. The first settlement of Jews in Avignon goes back probably to the second century of the common era, a few years after the destruction of Bethar by Hadrian. In 390 they were already sufficiently numerous to take a leading part in a revolt against Bishop Stephen. As usual almost everywhere, they congregated in certain portions of the town, known later as the Jewry, or "Carrière des Juifs." It lay at first on the banks of the Rhône, along the slope of the Rocher, and exactly opposite the papal palace; its narrow lanes are still called the "Reille Juiverie" and the "Petite Reille." There are still shown the remains of an ancient building declared, with or without reason, to have been the first synagogue. But in the course of the thirteenth century, this quarter, having become too crowded, was demolished by Louis VIII., and the Jews were allotted a new and more spacious location in the heart of the city, corresponding with the present Place de Jerusalem and the Rues Abraham and Jacob. This location was covered with buildings, four, and sometimes five, stories high, and was intersected by narrow lanes, for the most part unclean, and lacking air and light. Twogates, opened only in the daytime, communicated with the outer world. The synagogue, or "escole," was toward the southeast. It was burned down in 1844, and the present building, of modern construction, arose in its place.
With regard to its internal administration, the Carrière formed a sort of semi-independent republic, although placed under the control of the provost representing the Holy Chair. It convened its own assemblies or parliaments, appointed its own magistrates and officials, made its laws, its statutes or "ascamot," and regulated its taxes. Its population was divided into three classes, according to their property qualifications; each class being represented in the parliament by five delegates or "baylons," who were invested with both executive and legislative powers. The taxes were pro rata; and every one liable was required to declare each year upon oath the actual amount of his property. The collection of the taxes was entrusted to both Jews and Christians; the school was supported at the common expense; and instruction was obligatory and free. Like every other government, that of the Carrière had its critical periods; the assessment and collection of taxes especially gave rise to great difficulties and numerous scandals; but, compared with other constitutions, that of the Carrière, taken all in all, was relatively just and liberal.In the Fifteenth Century.
The history, properly so-called, of the Avignon Jewry may be divided into two parts: the period preceding the fifteenth century, and that following it. During the former period, the Jews of Avignon occupied themselves peaceably in many trades. The city authorities never disturbed them; their neighbors looked upon them with no jealous eye; and as farmers, laborers, pedlers, brokers, money-lenders, small merchants, matrimonial agents, sellers of books and manuscripts, surgeons, barbers, and physicians, the Jews were to be found in every branch of human activity. The popes relied on them as treasurers, commissaries, and stewards; the magistrates entrusted them with the assessments of furniture and books and utilized their knowledge in making inventories of the estates of deceased persons. The university employed them in the purchase of rare and precious manuscripts; in short, every branch of the state testified to its good opinion of the Jews of the city by the use it made of them.
Unfortunately, toward the second half of the fifteenth century, their position underwent a complete change. From that epoch dates an era of violence, disorder, and persecution, which lasted until the French Revolution. The causes of this transformation were manifold. First there was the state of general trouble and misery caused throughout the country by the departure of the popes from Avignon; then the ravages caused by pestilence and inundations; the ruin left behind them by the mercenary troops of Francis I.; the egotism and the jealousy of the freshly emancipated bourgeoisie; finally and especially, the ever-growing intolerance of the Church. Avignon had lost a great portion of its population; its commerce, always flourishing under the popes, had come to a standstill; business had almost completely ceased; and discontent was wide-spread. At this economic crisis, the population of the Carrière was considerably increased by the arrival of Jews who had been persecuted in surrounding districts and sought refuge in Avignon and the county. These unfortunate refugees came from Dauphiné, Arles, Marseilles, and the principality of Orange, and naturally brought with them all the energy and activity of their race. This was thought sufficient ground to hold them responsible for the deplorable situation in the city. In the eyes of the populace, it was the Jews who had destroyed the commerce of the country and, by their dubious intrigues, had monopolized all its wealth. A widespread outcry arose against them on every side; which, being taken up by the representatives of the city and the Three Estates, soon took the shape of precise accusations against them, against their unscrupulous doings, their robberies, their usuries, and so on; and also of denunciations of the liberty accorded to these formidable rivals. From that moment, the delegates of the city and the country incessantly clamored for harsh measures of repression against the inhabitants of the Carrière.Under the Popes.
The Jews had in no way deserved these attacks. They certainly formed the most miserable portion of the population. They were for the most part poor people who lived from hand to mouth; if some of them practised usury, it was generally as brokers for rich Lombard or Italian financiers. Moreover, all the usurers of that time were not Jews. The registers of court indictments in the fifteenth century are full of proceedings relative to loans on pledges. Men and women, clerics and laymen, all dabbled in usury; and papal bulls were of no avail against it. The accusation of monopolizing wealth had no better foundation in fact. The "manifestes," declared each year by the Jews at the assessment for taxes, furnish complete evidence of the absurdity of this charge. More than once, the Carrière was upon the verge of being foreclosed and sold by its creditors, so difficult was it for the Jews to pay their debts and numerous fines. If there were any monopolists of wealth at this time, they were the convents and churches. In 1474 Sixtus IV. himself was compelled to issue a bull to restrain the constantly growing wealth of the Carthusian and Celestine monks; nevertheless, in the seventeenth century they owned houses in nearly every street in Avignon, and even the synagogue and a large portion of the Ghetto. However this may be, against the popular indignation the Jews had no protectors other than the sovereigns of the country; that is to say, the popes. But the papal policy toward the Jews was of a very capricious kind. It knew no constant principle, but varied according to circumstances. The Church defended the Jews when her interests recommended such course; and, with a right-about-face, she sacrificed them when there was profit in their ruin. The Jews of Avignon furnished to the popes both a source of income and a means of expiating political mistakes; and thus it came about that the same pope proclaimed himself at one time their defender, and at another their adversary.
In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the popes generally welcomed the grievances of the populace.On the demand of the Three Estates, Pius II. in 1457 issued an edict forbidding Jews to sell grain or other articles of food; to make contracts with Christians, or to take mortgages upon their property. Sixtus IV. renewed these restrictions; Leo X. in 1513 prohibited them from acquiring stores of grain before the harvest, and from going into the fields. Alexander VI., Clement VII., Paul IV., and Pius V. renewed and intensified these prohibitions, canceled all debts of ten years' standing owed to Jews, and compelled them to wear, under extreme penalties for disobedience, the infamous Jew-badge. In 1567 the Council of Avignon gravely proposed nothing less than the absolute cessation of all relations between Jews and the rest of the population. It forbade Christians, as the canon laws regularly did, to accept unleavened bread from the Jews, to employ their physicians, to enter their bathing-houses, to associate or to play with them, to be present at their marriages or their festivities, to enter their service as nurses or servants. It also forbade masons to speak to them during their work, barbers to dress their beards, etc. Further, it forbade Jews to deal in horses or mules; to pass the night outside the Ghetto, or to go out at all on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday in Holy Week; to show themselves on the street during the hours of church service; or to buy any articles pertaining to religious uses. Finally, Pius V. issued a decree banishing Jews from his dominions.Levies upon the Jews.
It is true, indeed, that a rigorous application of the foregoing regulations would have rendered the bull of Pope Pius V. quite superfluous. For the Jews, completely paralyzed in all their commercial activities, would have of necessity quitted the comté to beg from more hospitable countries the right to live. But in actual practise, the excessive harshness of these laws was considerably modified; and although the situation of the Jews was always sufficiently precarious and wretched, there were nevertheless moments when they were treated with a certain degree of toleration—interested toleration, no doubt, but the best obtainable.
For the right of sojourn in Avignon, Jews had to pay a heavy tax to the representatives of the popes and the city. From the papal legates down to their cooks, from the consuls down to their coachmen, every official, and even the wives of certain officials, had the right to exact from them gifts and presents upon certain occasions, which, added to the regular taxes, must have amounted to very considerable sums. Being poor, the Carrière, to pay these, was obliged to have recourse to loans from individual Christians, convents, and churches, and sometimes even from the city. But the shackles imposed upon its commerce, as well as the poor state of trade in the country generally, prevented the Jews not only from paying their debts, but also the interest thereon. Their obligations therefore increased from year to year, and attained at time huge proportions. In addition to the regular taxes, both papal legates and the estates had no scruples in levying extraordinary contributions when they needed them. Thus in the seventeenth century, after the sojourn of the troops of Marshal de Belle-Isle in the county, the estates demanded of the Jews no less than 90,000 francs as their share of the expenses of supporting the army; although, with the rest of the people of Avignon, they had already contributed in advance. Naturally they were compelled to borrow this large sum.
But these very debts which, as has been stated, they contracted only under force and constraint, turned out to be for their benefit and made their banishment impossible. Their creditors, despairing of ever getting back their money, protested against the severity of these bulls and pontifical regulations, which hurt themselves indirectly, inasmuch as they prevented their Jewish debtors from honoring their obligations. They, therefore, insisted upon a less rigorous application of them, and opposed vehemently any idea of expelling the Jews.
The history of the Jews of Avignon in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is one long struggle between the city, the estates, and the Holy See. These three powers could never agree upon measures for or against the Jews. When the papacy needed funds, infractions by the Jews of the bulls and regulations of the councils were tolerated so long as the papacy profited by them. Thereupon, loud complaints from the populace would arise to remind the legates of their duty, and to insist upon the stringent application of the old prohibitory laws or even upon the expulsion of the inhabitants of the Carrière. On the contrary, when the Holy Church laid too many fetters upon the commerce of the Jews, and threatened their expulsion, the consuls flew to their aid, as is proved by certain inedited extracts from the instructions which they gave to their agent at the papal court. In 1616, upon the demand of the estates, the pope seems to have decided to order the expulsion of the Jews. The tidings produced great disquiet at Avignon, and the consuls, representing their constituents, wrote to their delegates at Rome as follows:
"We are determined to oppose this new movement, and the petition which they are making, or will make, in this regard, as prejudicial to certain individuals and contrary to the public weal. We desire that you oppose it in the name of our city, demanding that we be heard."
In another letter addressed to the same, they said:
"In continuation of what our predecessors wrote to you, concerning the Jews of the county, to insist that they shall not be expelled from the said county, we say to you that this city has right on its side to maintain that the Jews shall not leave this county, as well as to demonstrate that their residence in the country is necessary; seeing that the said Jews are indebted, both severally and as a community, in certain very considerable sums, as well to monasteries as to convents, noblemen, citizens, and merchants of this town; . . . another reason being, that the said Jews comport themselves decently and obey the rules of duty."
Thanks to this mutual antagonism of the three powers, the Jews were able to pass through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries with expulsion only hanging as a menace over their heads. If dealing in land and grain was forbidden, if Jews were excluded from the positions of tax-collector and from other public offices, they continued to devote themselves, nevertheless, to small trading, pedling, and dealing in horses and mules.
But if their material existence, so uncertain and so wretched, was on the whole endurable, their moral condition was appalling. The Church, which permitted them to live, thought it necessary todegrade them in its own interests. The measures devised against them by the councils of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries have already been mentioned; but it was especially in the second half of the seventeenth century that the intolerance of the Holy Office smote them most harshly. From that epoch, up to the French Revolution, the ordinances of legates and cardinals followed each other with ever-increasing rigor; and all former regulations were applied to the letter.
The fanaticism of the Inquisition did not stop even there; it aimed at the voluntary, or involuntary, conversion of the Jews, and the disappearance of Judaism. To this end Jews were forbidden to read the Talmud and other rabbinical books; Jesuits and Dominican monks were appointed to hold discussions, or to deliver sermons, every Saturday in the synagogue, where the presence of the Jews was absolutely compulsory. But these sermons did not produce the desired effect. Then the Church had recourse to force. During part of the eighteenth century the plague ravaged Avignon. The Carrière had many victims, who were carried to the hospital and nursed by Dominicans, who, by persuasion, by promises, and by threats, caused to be baptized a full third of the poor patients entrusted to their care. These were for the most part children and old men incapable of resistance. Stimulated by this semblance of success, the monks continued their exertions long after the epidemic had disappeared. Although the Church forbade it officially, they secretly encouraged the carrying off of young Jewish children, whom they then forced into the pale of the Church. There is nothing more moving than the protestations—as indignant as futile—of the Jewish fathers against such proceedings: a child once touched by the waters of baptism had to remain a Christian, and was lost to its parents and to its faith. Avignon to-day contains about forty Jewish families. It belongs to the Circonscription Consistorial of Marseilles. Services are only occasionally held in the synagogue, a modern edifice erected by the municipality to replace the older one, which was destroyed by fire.Liturgy.
The Jews of Avignon formed with those of Carpentras, L'Isle, and Cavaillon the four communities called "Arba' Kehillot" by Jewish authors of the Middle Ages. These communities had a special liturgy of their own, called "Comtadin," from the name formerly borne by the province in which these towns were included. This liturgy, while resembling the Portuguese greatly, is distinguished from it by numerous differences; a few only can be cited: the omission of the prayer "'Alenu," the substitution of "Shalom rab" for "Sim Shalom"; the insertion of certain special liturgical compositions and poems on Friday evenings, which are not to be found elsewhere. There are also reminiscences of the local history; as, for instance, (the Nishmat for the Day of the Shutting In), recited on the Sabbath of the Christian Easter week in commemoration of the prohibition laid upon the Jews against leaving their quarters at that period, and the prayer .
- For the rabbis and physicians born at Avignon: Gross, Gallia Judaica, Index, s.v. Avignon;
- Leon Bardinet, Antiquité et Organisation des Juiveries du Comtat-Venaissin, in Revue Etudes Juives, i. 165 et seq., ii. 199;
- idem, in Revue Historique, i.
- For the origin and organization of the Jewry of Avignon: René de Maulde, Les Juifs dans les Etats Français du Pape au Moyen-Age, in Revue Etudes Juives, vii. 227 et seq.
- For the policy of the Popes: Israel Lévi, Clement VII. et les Juifs du Comtat-Venaissin, ib. xxxii. 63 et seq.;
- Lettres des Consuls d'Avignon, in the Archives Departmentales de Vaucluse (inedited).
- For conversions in the eighteenth century: Jules Bauer, La Peste chez les Juifs d'Avignon, in Revue Etudes Juives, xxxiv. 251 et seq.
- For the yellow hat: Idem, Le Chapeau Jaune chez les Juifs Contadins, in Revue Etudes Juives, xxxvi. 53 et seq.
- For the commercial life of the Jews: Roubin, La Vie Commerciale des Juifs Contadins en Languedoc, ib. xxxv. 91 et seq.
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Brazos Bend State Park
Things to Do
Activities include, picnicking, hiking, biking, horseback riding and fishing. Six lakes are easily accessible to fishermen, with piers located at 40-Acre, Elm and Hale lakes. Visitors are cautioned to pay due respect to alligators, which are numerous in some areas of the park. The Nature Center houses exhibits pertaining to the three major ecosystems in the park.
The George Observatory is located in the park and is open Saturdays from 3 p.m. to 10 p.m. For information on stargazing programs/passes and other programs, call the observatory at (979) 553-3400 or at (281) 242-3055 (as a satellite of the Houston Museum of Natural Science), or visit the George Observatory website.
Shop for gifts at the headquarters gift shop, the Nature Center, and the George Observatory.
Creekfield Lake Nature Trail
This accessible nature trail and interpretive exhibit pilot project is the first of its kind for the department (1995) and was designed with the assistance of the greater Houston area disabled community in partnership with The George Foundation, Fort Bend County and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The trail is fully paved and takes visitors on a 0.5-mile loop tour of an outstanding wetland area. Exciting features along this trail include a series of interpretive panels with tactile bronzes of wetland wildlife, an accessible boardwalk and observation deck for wildlife viewing, and rest areas with shaded benches. A self-guided manual and scavenger hunt is available at the park headquarters and Nature Center or from the Brazos Bend State Park Volunteer Organization web site.
Hike and Bike/Foot Trails
Hike and bike trails are located around 40-Acre, Elm and Hale lakes and interconnect. Alligator viewing is best from the 40-Acre and Elm Lake Trail system. Foot trails take you off the beaten path into the hardwood forest. Always take plenty of water with you for you and your pets. As with all state parks, pets are allowed on leash only, and the leash can be no longer than six feet. Do not allow pets to drink from or enter the water. "Know your Alligator Etiquette" is found on park maps and posted throughout the park. An Outdoor Guidebook will assist you in learning about the park's different ecosystems and outdoor safety. The guidebook is available on the volunteer website or for sale only at the Nature Center Gift Shop.
19 primitive equestrian campsites are located at the trailhead of the 13-mile equestrian/multiple-use trail system. The campground is located under a grove of pecan trees, and each site has a picnic table. Some sites have a campfire ring. Electricity, water and shower facilities are not provided at the campsite. Water for horses and chemical toilets are available.
The park offers a variety of educational opportunities. Check the calendar for upcoming events.
The Brazos Bend State Park Volunteer Organization is one of the largest in Texas State Parks and has been incorporated since 1989. This hands-on group assists with park maintenance and interpretive activities. It operates the Nature Center and its own gift shop. Training is offered in February and September. For information about being a Brazos Bend Park Host, contact the park.
Nearby attractions include the San Jacinto Battleground, San Jacinto Monument and the BattleshipTEXAS; Galveston Island State Park; Brazoria County Access Point (San Luis Pass County Park); Sea Center Texas in Lake Jackson; the George Ranch; Houston's attractions; and West Columbia, which was founded in 1826 and served as the capital of the Texas Republic for a brief period in 1836. West Columbia is the site of Varner-Hogg Plantation State Historic Site and is approximately 25 miles south of Brazos Bend.
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Actually, I'm offended by the whole notion. It reminds me of an exhibit of Nazi propoganda I saw at the Anne Frank House a while back -- pseudo-scientific explanations of why a particular face was "criminal."
But those pictures are from a BBC report of a study done at Liverpool University:
Researchers in the university's School of Biological Sciences showed their subjects, all of whom were in long-term relationships, a series of 66 pictures of two facial types - dominant and submissive.The study apparently assumed what constitutes a "dominant face" and a "submissive face," and only inquires into whether having a girlfriend who's ovulating heightens a man's perception of male threats. Count me skeptical... and disgusted.
They were then asked to rate the pictures for dominance, with a dominant person being defined as someone who "appeared as if they could get what they wanted".
Those with partners in the most fertile stage of their menstrual cycle were more able to spot classic masculine face types - ie men with strong jaw lines, thinner lips and smaller eyes.
But those with partners who were not at risk of getting pregnant at that particular time were not.
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China’s hidden policy of executing prisoners of the forbidden quasi-Buddhist group Falun Gong and harvesting their organs for worldwide sale has been expanded to include Tibetans, “house church” Christians and Muslim Uighurs, human rights activists said Monday.
In a news conference on Capitol Hill, several speakers, including attorney David Matas of B’nai Brith Canada and Ethan Gutmann of the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies, said their investigations have unearthed a grisly trade in which an estimated 9,000 members of Falun Gong have been executed for their corneas, lungs, livers, kidneys and skins.
They likened the practice to the Nazi treatment of Jewish prisoners in World War II concentration camps, which included using them for sadistic medical experiments and taking the gold fillings from the teeth of corpses.
The newest wrinkle, they said, is that organs from other religious prisoners — specifically dissidents from China’s Christian, Muslim and Tibetan Buddhist communities — are also being harvested to satisfy an insatiable global demand.
“These groups are useless to the state,” Mr. Gutmann said. “They are toxic, so you can’t release them. But they’re worth a great deal of money in terms of their organs.”
Organs from just one person can fetch a total of $100,000 on the worldwide market, he added.
The Falun Dafa Information Center issued at Monday’s news conference its annual report on China’s persecution of Falun Gong.
The charges of organ harvesting and its spread to other religious and ethnic groups were made by the researchers and activists based on their extensive interviews with former prisoners and families of prisoners, and based on analysis of statistics, including health numbers, released by the Chinese government.
Although the practice of harvesting organs from prisoners has been documented as early as 1992 by Chinese dissident Harry Wu’s Laogai Research Foundation, it was not until 2006 that the Epoch Times, a Falun Gong publication, accused the Chinese government of using its adherents for the practice.
In 2005, Chinese Vice Minister of Health Huang Jiefu acknowledged that 95 percent of all transplanted organs come from executions, said Mr. Matas, whose 2009 book “Bloody Harvest,” co-written with David Kilgour of Ottawa, a former member of the Canadian Parliament, details the practice.
“This is an abuse that can end,” Mr. Matas said. “The Chinese may feel it can abuse the Falun Gong to stay in power, but it doesn’t have to take their organs.”
Falun Gong is a highly visible Buddhist revival movement that had spread across class and educational lines throughout the 1990s. The Chinese government has banned it since 1999, denouncing it as a “dangerous cult.”
Founded in China in 1992 by Li Hongzhi, who now lives in the United States, it grew dramatically in only a few years. Its philosophies incorporate ideas from Buddhism and Taoism and include slow-motion meditative exercises on the principles of truthfulness, compassion and tolerance.
Its estimated membership in China is more than 70 million. Mr. Gutmann said 450,000 to 1 million Falun Gong members are in prison at any given time.
When contacted Monday, Wang Baodong, a spokesman for the Chinese Embassy, said, “The sheer lies of organ harvesting are nothing but Falun Gong’s propaganda tactics.View Entire Story
Julia Duin is the Times’ religion editor. She has a master’s degree in religion from Trinity School for Ministry (an Episcopal seminary) and has covered the beat for three decades. Before coming to The Washington Times, she worked for five newspapers, including a stint as a religion writer for the Houston Chronicle and a year as city editor at the ...
By John Solomon
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Independent voices from the TWT Communities
Covering the world of soccer, including the World Cup, Major League Soccer, D.C. United and the English Premier League and other interesting sporting events.
A carefully guided tour through the confusing world of modern bookselling and publishing.
In a world that is increasingly complex, we need to seek greater awareness of the blending of cultures and America's changing role in a global community.
A politically conservative and morally liberal Hebrew alpha male hunts left-wing viper
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Cinco de Mayo on the Mall
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"Why should we sacrifice 10 per cent of our income today to make Bill Gates better off?" asked an MP. "As the world's [second] richest man, he doesn't need our sacrifice."
The second richest man in the world, Bill Gates, is a proxy in this rhetorical question. The MP, a former Cabinet minister, is raising a fascinating and rarely asked moral question. Should we make ourselves poorer to save the rich of the future some insignificant amount of money: an amount so small, it will be a rounding error? The argument he builds is that government spending on climate policies is in fact a form of regressive wealth distribution. And the question the minister poses is far from rhetorical; it's at the heart of the climate policy debate.
Source: The Register. Read full article. (link)
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The Bestest Mom
by Susan Hood adapted from Rugrat tv series Illustrated by Ed Resto
Reviewed by Benji L. (age 7)
Benji L. is a student in Mrs. O'Hanlon's 2nd Grade Class
Tommy and the twins try to find Chuckie a mother because he doesn't have one. Chuckie felt bad because it was Mother's Day so they tried a mannequin. But it did not work because when Chuckie hugged it, it felt cold. So they tried Spike, the dog, but he did not work either. They decided that it had to be a person. So maybe it could be Lil, one of the twins. Lil tried to be a good mom. It didn't work. Chuckie said she was a "badder" mom than Spike.
I like the book because I like the Rugrats. It makes a lot of sense because it has babies and a family in the book. At the end of the story there is something that makes me feel good.
I think other people should read this book because it's about moms. Whether kids have a mom or don't have a mom they should read this book.
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Online-only news sites provide more female sources but fewer female bylines than their newspaper counterparts, at least according to our findings at the nine-month mark of our Gender Check monitoring project.
Last Friday, Oct. 21, 2011, marked nine months of our project which aims to monitor gender representations on U.S. news websites.
Through this project, we’ve been monitoring two websites — one associated with a newspaper and one that was online-only — in four different geographic regions once a week. These websites included the Seattle Times, Seattle P-I, New York Times, ProPublica, Stltoday.com, St. Louis Beacon, Miami Herald and Patch (Seminole Heights).
During each “Gender Check,” we selected the lead article from each site at the time we visited and recorded information on the gender of the author and the breakdown of the genders of the human sources referenced in the articles among other details. (For more on what Gender Checks are, read our introductory post here.)
Between the project’s start date, Jan. 18, and the conclusion of nine months, we’ve monitored a total of 272 articles. This broke down to 78 articles from the West and from the Midwest, 64 articles from the Northeast and 52 articles from the South. As we’ve stated previously, these lower counts in the Northeast and South may have some slight affect overall, but these regions’ standings among the others have remained fairly consistent over time.
Here are our findings from our first nine months:
Women made up 25.3 percent of human sources referenced in the articles we monitored during this time period. This matched our findings at the six-month point. In total, the articles contained 775 male sources and 263 female sources. This does not include those whose gender could not be identified, such as unnamed and unidentified sources.
Roughly 36 percent — 98 of the 272 articles monitored — contained only male sources (no female sources). In comparison, 20 articles had only female sources, or 7.4 percent. Nineteen articles contained no sources at all.
Our highs and lows still belong to the fourth and fifth months, respectively. The high came with women as 30.4 percent of sources in the fourth month followed by our low at 19.5 percent in the fifth month.
As was true at the six-month mark, the South had the highest percentage of women sources, with 33.6 percent. The lowest again belonged to the Northeast at 20.5 percent.
Here’s how that broke down geographically:
- West: 192 males, 74 female (Women at 27.8 percent)
- Northeast: 244 males, 63 females (Women at 20.5 percent)
- Midwest: 248 males, 80 females (Women at 24.4 percent, the exact same as at the six-month point)
- South: 91 male, 36 female (Women at 33.6 percent)
As we’ve found since the first quarter of our study, online-only outlets have continued to use a slightly higher percentage of female sources than those associated with a newspaper. At the nine-month mark, women were 28.3 percent of sources at online-only sites and 22.5 percent at newspaper sites. This held true in all regions except the West, where both sites had the same percentage of female sources.
- Newspaper website: 416 males, 121 females (Women at 22.5 percent)
- Online-only: 359 males, 142 females (Women at 28.3 percent)
The two lowest percentages of female sources are still coming from newspaper sites — the New York Times (only 13.28 percent) and Stltoday.com (at 21.3 percent). The number of articles in our sample is still low, so that limitation should be kept in mind, but this trend has held thus far.
While source percentages appeared to hold, the percentage of female authors increased between the six-month and the nine-month mark. In total, women wrote 104 of the articles in our study, while men bylined 144. Twenty-one articles had a shared byline between a man (or men) and a woman (or two). Three articles were by staff or an unidentified author.
All of this meant women bylined 38.2 percent of the articles in our study, and 41.9 percent of articles by a person(s) of one gender or the other. This compares to 34.7 percent and 37.7 percent in our six-month findings.
Of the articles, seventeen were written by one or more man, but only one was written by more than one woman.
Our low to-date in this study came during the ninth month, when women wrote six of 28 articles, while men wrote 18. Our high came in the fourth month, when women bylined 16 of 32 stories, the only time in our study that women’s bylines exceeded those of men. Men in turn wrote 12 and the remainder were shared bylines between a man and a woman.
By geographic region. the Northeast again had the lowest percentage of female bylines at 25 percent. The South’s percentage remained fairly consistent, with women near parity at 44.2 percent.
- West: 24 stories by an individual woman, 50 by one or more man, three with a shared byline between a man and a woman, two by contributors (Women at 30.8 percent overall)
- Northeast: 16 by an individual woman, 37 by one or more man, 11 with a shared byline (Women at 25 percent overall)
- Midwest: 29 by a woman, 43 by one or more man, six with a shared byline (Women at 37.2 percent overall)
- South: 23 by a woman, 26 by one or more man, two with a shared byline, one contributor (Women at 44.2 percent overall)
In bylines, a similar trend continued that we’ve seen since our first quarter findings. Even though they have fewer female sources, newspaper websites have continued to show a higher percentage of female bylines than their online-only counterparts.
Approximately 37.5 percent of articles from newspaper websites were bylined by women. This compared to 30.1 percent at online-only outlets. This again held true in all regions, expect the Northeast. ProPublica has widened the gap from our six-month mark, with 28.1 percent female authors compared to the New York Times’ 21.8 percent. It’s also noteworthy that one newspaper website has actually turned up more female bylines than male bylines at this point — the Miami Herald — with 13 articles by females, 11 by males and two with a shared byline. Our sample size is smaller for this site, so we’ll be watching to see if this holds once it increases.
- Newspaper website: 51 by a woman, 70 by one or more man, 13 with shared bylines between a man and woman, one by contributors (Women at 37.5 percent overall)
- Online-only: 41 by a woman, 86 by one or more man, eight with shared bylines and two other (Women at 30.1 percent overall)
Author gender and source selection
Again, like we have in other monitoring studies, we’ve looked at how the author’s gender affected the use of female sources. At this point, female authors have a slightly higher percentage of female sources.
In the nine months of our study thus far, females were 27.2 percent of sources in articles written by women and 23.6 percent in those written by men. Articles with a shared byline between a man and women had women as 28.6 percent of sources.
Up next and review
Watch for an update on our findings on female authors and sources by article subject and on source order and gender in the coming weeks.
We’ll still be doing our weekly Gender Checks for the next three months to finish out a full year of data. Be sure to keep an eye out for our other monthly tallies as well as individual Gender Checks. Review past posts on Gender Check findings below:
- Lowest showing of female bylines yet found in ninth month of Gender Check project
- Women see increase in bylines in eighth month of Gender Checks
- Despite reduced sample, women lose ground in authorship in seventh month
- Six months: Findings on women as sources, authors in Gender Check monitoring project
- Women wrote more than 40 percent of articles in month six of Gender Checks
- Gender Checks show higher count of female bylines in fourth month, fewer female sources in fifth
- First quarter: Women are 24.6 percent of sources, 31 percent of authors
- Third month finds dip in percentage of female authors
- Second month sees decrease in female sources
- Women make up 27.6% of sources in first month
We hope you remember that our study is still young and has some limitations. Further research is still needed. For other data on gender representations in online news and to compare these findings to others, check out our “Findings and Statistics” category and our “Useful Resources” page.
Related: Nine months: Science and health articles showing high female sources, low female bylines (A look at our Gender Check data by article subject)
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Today is May Day, also known as International Workers Day, so I thought I’d post about a session of Maispiel, (May Play) (1933), a movement choir by Martin Gleisner. I’m working from the score that is posted online as part of the Knust Collection at the Centre National de la Danse in Pantin, France.
This movement is from the very introduction of Maispiel. It is steppy, with cyclical arm movements over back-and-forth steps, accompanied by level changes and body tilts. Feels a bit like pretending you’re a train.
A few things about Martin Gleisner:
- He worked with Rudolf Laban in Weimar Germany on Movement Choirs
- In the 1920′s he also worked on voice choirs for workers’ groups
- He was Jewish and fled Germany in the 1930s
- After that he continued to choreograph socialist mass dances and distanced himself from the Laban school
- He wrote Tanz Fur Alle, in 1928; it has a really neat cover as you can see here:
This won’t be the last update on Maispiel. I’ve started a company to house mass-performance projects called Group Action Flash Mobs, and I’m collecting names of folks interested in joining a Maispiel sometime this summer. Sign up at www.groupactionflashmob.com.
Ok, I am generally not a football fan in any way, but I can’t help but be interested in this. The new OSU Football Coach, Urban Meyer, just sent an email to the entire OSU student body with a link to a youtube video. In it, he announces a new tradition: “quick cals”. These are a serious of claps, vocalizations, and hand gestures, practiced in a low, bent-torso, wide-legged stance to be performed by the Buckeyes team and ALL fans exactly 23 minutes before each game start time.
Other than that the ‘wave’ has always been one of the only redeeming factors of sporting events for me, I’ve avoided thinking too much about how the world of sports and my own interests in mass movement culture are connected. But this really catches my interest. It is going to be remarkable; the Horseshoe (OSU Stadium) holds more than 100,000 people, and I can imagine others watching around the city joining in through their various screens. (By the way, I once lived there, in the shoe, in a windowless dorm underneath the stands, fighting through the already drunk football crowds each saturday morning to head to my dance rehearsals!) I can imagine the sense of belonging, and of excitement, that participating in these vigorous and forceful movements will produce in the participants. I find it exciting to think about the way a group performing this way together could gel, and perhaps a bit nervous about what the performance might make possible for this group.
The Buckeyes are such an incredibly important social, economic and cultural force here in this area. It is important to almost everyone that they do well. Surely this new tradition is seen as a way to bolster fan loyalty and enrich fan identity. Here is the arena in popular culture where bodies are brought out of hiding, acknowledged a little more actively for their role in producing culture. There is so much more that could be written about this “quick cal” routine and its potential for social formation, a comparison of this to other mass gestural routines and their accompanying cultural traits, or an analysis of the movements in the “quick cal” in terms of Laban Movement Analysis, or about the growing use of video as a system for communicating movement to masses of people, as a “score”, in my book. . . but I haven’t got time. So I will pose a question. The first Buckeyes Game is this Saturday, September 1, 2012. Will you ‘Quick Cal’?
As for me, I’m on the fence.
I did a winter solstice Labyrinth Walk at the Chadwick Arboretum at OSU.
It was dark, and the labyrinth was lit with candles in paper bags. My son wore light-up shoes which were remarkable in the darkness.
I was particularly interested in the corporate, performative aspect of this exercise – there was a whole group of strangers, and with no training, we all walked the labyrinth together. The labyrinth itself served as the simple score for our ‘performance’. There is talk that the turning motions balance the left and right brain function. So what was this shared experience of walking and turning producing for us corporately? At times, we would encounter each other headfirst going different directions on the same narrow path; there were no instructions, and we had to improvise. The system broke down; what did this breakdown offer to us as a group? Laughter, and responsiveness, and disorder, are my immediate thoughts.
Also, I kept being unsure that I was still on the path. In the dark, with the narrow twists and turns of the labyrinth, it was hard to trust that I was really “going anywhere” at times.
Interestingly, I came across another one the very next week. On Christmas eve I did this chamomile labyrinth with my son.
I’d like to learn more about these labyrinths, and maybe create one of my own.
This is a bulgarian group I don’t know a lot about; I’ve just been watching some of their stuff on youtube. They go by the name “The White Brotherhood” which is hopefully referring to white clothes and not race, and dance around in a field in Bulgaria.
An exciting choreographer and good buddy, Maree Remalia, just launched her fun new website, created in cahootz with Michael Morris and Rashana Smith.
http://www.merrygogo.com/ playfully archives Maree’s brainstorms, rehearsal processes, finished works and many forms of documentation, including some notation and writing by Rachael Riggs-Leyva and myself concerning her work for a bunch of men, “Penetrating and Permeating”. I don’t usually make recommendations, but here’s an exception. I really enjoy Maree’s work and this site, and hope you will enjoy it too.
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Greater Oklahoma City is in the geographic center of North America equidistant from the east and west coasts and major trade partners of Canada and Mexico. The ten county region is at the crossroads of the U.S., sitting at the heart of three major national highways on the NAFTA corridor.
There's a reason Greater Oklahoma City is such a great place for business: Location. The ten county region is positioned within a day's drive of the rapidly-growing south-central region (OK, TX, AR, LA) projected to grow more than 44% during the next 25 years.
Oklahoma City and Tulsa remain among the nation's Top 25 strongest housing markets despite the slowdown and recent price weakening, Forbes.com said this week.
It's relatively good news when, as the business news Web site reported, "not one metro area will see prices increase before the end of this year." Forbes projected home values to drop 1.1 percent in Tulsa and 2.8 percent in Oklahoma City this year.
It's the second time in less than a year Forbes.com has spotlighted Oklahoma for economic strength. In May, Forbes called Oklahoma City the most "recession-proof" city in the country, based on its relatively sturdy housing and energy sectors.
"It's a good dose of B-12 going into what I'm sure will be a very somber session of. . .board meetings and seminars this week at the International Builders Show (in Las Vegas)," said Jeff Click, president of the Central Oklahoma Home Builders Association.
Judy Lindsay, president of the Oklahoma City Metro Association of Realtors, said Oklahoma City values won't slump much because they didn't boom much. "It also stands to reason that due to the economic conditions that have developed not only nationally, but internationally, even a market like ours will see some mild decreases in property values in 2009," she said.
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CALEDON — Will the senior girls
curling team of St. Michael Catholic Secondary School make it to the
provincial championships later this month?
It seems the aftermath of a post-hockey game fracas is the only thing standing in the way.
The Region of Peel
Secondary Schools Athletic Association (ROPSSAA) has suspended all
competitive sports events involving students from the Bolton high school
until March 18. That’s the day it wraps up a hearing and investigation
into the alleged assault of a Brampton Powerade Centre employee by a
member of St. Michael Catholic Secondary School’s hockey team, who has
since been suspended from school.
The incident followed a
game at the centre between St. Mike’s team and players from
Mississauga’s Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Secondary School.
Peel Regional Police
have confirmed that an 18-year-old Caledon man has been charged with
assault in connection with the incident.
On March 18, ROPSAA is
expected to announce if the ban is lifted — just a day before the
six-member curling team had been planning to go to Ottawa for an Ontario
Federation of School Athletic Associations (OFSAA) competition.
It’s a big deal.
“It’s our first
(school) team going to OFSAA — it’s important to everyone,” says Adriana
Risa, 16, a member of the senior girls curling team.
“We’re all very proud,” she says. “We’re just waiting and all hoping ... it’s really affecting the students.’’
The girls team won the ROPSSAA curling championships on March 8.
All of the St. Michael
Catholic Secondary School school’s sports teams are affected by the ban
on competitions, but the curling team’s event is the closest to March
“It’s unfair to punish the whole school,’’ says Risa, who’s in Grade 11.
Risa says she and
other students and parents don’t understand why sports teams — not
connected to an incident being investigated — still have their
competitive events affected.
“I don’t see what
bearing it has on other teams,’’ says Risa’s mother, Rose, of the
investigation connected to a hockey player. “It’s not appropriate that
they’re penalizing a team that wasn’t involved.”
And while all the school’s teams are affected by the ban on competitions, the curling team’s event is the closest to March 18.
Brian Jobb, whose
daughter Emily is also on the curling team and is in China right now,
said all the members of the team “have worked hard” and it would be very
disappointing if they couldn’t make the Ottawa competition. His
daughter is expected back before the event.
Dufferin Peel Catholic District School Board communications spokesman,
said the board is “optimistic” that ROPSSAA will “allow the team to
District School Board trustee Frank DiCosola said he thought the
ROPSSAA policy of sidelining all teams while the investigation is going
on is “harsh.”
ROPSSAA chair Paul
Freier would only confirm to the Star that the association is
investigating “an incident on March 4’’ and would be releasing a
statement on March 18.
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- Where - Bosnia and Herzegovina (The Balkans, Europe)
- Website - www.idc.org.ba
- Contact Person - Mirsad Tokaca
- Email - email@example.com
- Address - Dubrovacka street 2, 71,000 Sarajevo, Bosnia
Areas of Expertise
The Research and Documentation Centre Sarajevo has expertise in a range of areas, including:
Main Aims and Objectives
Research and Documentation Center (RDC) was formed in April, 2004, with the aim to collect documents and establish facts about the war and war atrocities in Bosnia and Herzegovina during 1992-1995. RDC is an independent, professional, nongovernment, nonprofit and nonpartisan institution that collects and analyzes documentation related to international humanitarian law and human rights violations regardless of the ethnic, social, political, religious or racial background of victims.The RDC’s mission is to contribute to the process of dealing with the violent, past and affirming justice and peace through truth – seeking and truth keeping, while at the same time participating in the improvement and development of democratic civil society.
The RDC in last several years has been implementing a number of projects which aim to present a fact-based and impartial record of war events, reduce the foundations of tension, and facilitate dealing with the past. These include: Human Losses 1991-1995 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Memories and Memorials, Living with the Legacy of Genocide: Dealing with the Past in Affected Communities in Guatemala and Bosnia and Herzegovina,, Oral History – Positive Stories 1992-1995, Bosnian War Crime Atlas (BWCA Digital memorial), Conflict Prevention Public Debates and Capacity Building, Trial Monitoring and Cooperation with the Prosecutor’s Office and Courts (ICTY and Bosnian Special Chamber for War Crimes), Capacity Building and Protection of the RDC Archives, Information Systems Seminar for Human Rights Organizations from Guatemala, Indonesia and Columbia, Bosnian Book of the Dead, The Women Support Program, Information System Project Implementation, Regional Trial Monitoring, Workshop: Dealing with the Past.
Upholding the Principles of Conflict Transformation
Public dialogue and debate based on results of scientific research and fact-based truth about of deep root causes and consequences of conflict/war.
Where and with Whom
All around Bosnia and Herzegovina and Western Balkan region.
Main Activities in the Field of Conflict Transformation
1.Conflict Prevention Public Debates and Capacity Building
The strategic, long-term goal of the project is to recognise identity and reduce the causes of instability and diminish the chances of potential conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina by contributing to managing the conflicts and promoting the efficiency of the state. This can be done if we conduct a research that will enable us to recognise and understand the potential causes of conflicts. We want to ensure that guidelines are made, as well as recommendations for governments and local authorities about promoting cooperation, communication and overcoming the challenges on the path of securing sustainable peace. Further, by researching potential causes of conflicts, we will try to identify challenges to sustainable peace and human security in the future.
Implementation of this activities started in 2007.2. “Bosnian War Crime Atlas“
The Bosnian War Crimes Atlas (Atlas) is digital memorial which uses Google Earth technology and documentary evidence from the RDC Archive and other sources to build a complete, browseable and geographically precise picture of the locations of war crimes, war damage, and of all human casualties. Anyone who has access to Internet can visit the RDC’s web portal www.idc.org.ba, get the Atlas’s file and using Google Earth zoom to the map of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and then zoom further to all areas of the country to see locations of mass graves, mass killings, locations of destroyed religious, cultural and historic facilities, economic facilities and locations of memorials and monuments, all connected to the 1992-1995 war.
The RDC team has so far visited more than 2,500 mass crimes’ locations in order to geo-reference them. The current locations and documentation made accessible through the Atlas so far is only a drop in the ocean of crimes and their documentation that needs to be made public. This project shall require at least three or four years more of intensive work in order to digitalize, preserve and present all the documents gathered by the RDC in the Atlas, as well as to geo-reference necessary locations, with aim to extend the variety of material presented in the Atlas. In the future, there will be the possibility of presenting audio and video statements of survivors, books, texts and other articles and analysis.
Main activities in 2012 will be focus on: analysis of the existing RDC archive and data base; identifying the relevant events, locations and objects; field researches and establishing contact with local stakeholders (media, NGO representatives, local authorities and other interest groups); geo-referencing the locations of the mass murders, crimes, mass graves, destroyed religious objects, objects of cultural heritage and similar; collecting victims statements, photos, audio-video data, books and documents and bring them back to the Central Office in Sarajevo where the Archive and Database are located; additional of training RDC employees on entering data using the new Information System; archiving of collected documents. Data analyzing and Entering in the RDC data base; extracting data from the RDC data base and Atlas editing; translation and creation of the English version of Atlas etc.
3.The Bosnian Book of the Dead
This is very important and historical project and final result of seven years long research. All activities concerning preparation of The Bosnian Book of the Dead were finished (text, graphs, expert evaluation, data cross-checking etc.). Until the end of 2011 and the beginning of 2012 RDC plan to print, organise promotion and dissemination of the book. Edition will be organized in four books which would contain detail analyses of research results and all the names (with personal details) of people-citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina who were killed or went missing during the 1991-1995. In 2009. was finished. In addition, the research into indirect victims of war was conducted and we are planning to include these victims in the book as well.
4. RDC web portal
Online access is the easiest and most effective way of presenting results to the large number of people. The access to clear, impartial and credible information about war events in Bosnia and Herzegovina is a crucial way to activate citizens to dialogue based on our facts, which prevent manipulative nationalist rhetoric. Our research has a social impact on the public. This can be measured with the number of visits to our site. The Web Portal fulfills the prerequisite for the further development of the RDC program activities and tool for improving project of Bosnian War Crime Atlas, where citizens can access the Atlas and through the forums or mail surveys can give their opinion about the project. The portal has fully responded to the given goals and during the 2011/2012 we will continue to work on further updates and visibility as well as on increasing the number of registered users.
5. Digitalization and preservation archive of RDC
Digitalization of 11,500 folders of the old archive was finished in 2010. By separation and establishment of a new system of the archive’s organization 17,240 new folders have been formed and new archive numbers have been assigned to them. In the same period, 3,521 folders were entered into the Protocol.
In the framework of general mission and program activities RDC established (2007) specialised library which contain over 5000 book and magazine dedicated to facing with the past, transitional justice, peace building and conflict transformation.
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At A Glance
- Founded in 1985.
- Saved more than 7 million acres across America.
- Headquartered in Arlington, VA, with field offices nationwide.
The Conservation Fund has led land conservation efforts for nearly 30 years. During this time, we’ve protected more than 7 million acres across America, from the park down the street to historic battlefields, wild areas and favorite destinations of all kinds. We work hand-in-hand with community and government leaders, businesses, landowners, conservation nonprofits and other partners to save the places that matter most.
Our mission is to save land for future generations. From day one, we have also sought to balance environmental and economic goals for a win-win. That’s reflected in the types of land we save, the collaborations we build, and our willingness to take strategic risks. We have consistently shown that effective land conservation makes good economic sense. In addition to saving land directly, we act swiftly to accelerate and sustain conservation. Our team helps communities strategically plan for development, provides loans to small green businesses, and works with companies to compensate for environmental impacts, among other efforts. With our skills and financial resources, we make land conservation a viable choice. We want to be sure your favorite places stay that way.
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| 0.938145
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Today, Monday, February 16, is Presidents’ Day (or “Washington’s Birthday,” in Virginia). Though most of America will be preoccupied with the Lincoln Bicentennial or stupefied by the great deals at their local auto dealerships, I would like to use this day to celebrate (or at least acknowledge) some Presidents who typically do not have bargains associated with them.
There are photos in the Morton Collection that depict Presidents Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and Bill Clinton. I have selected four to share.
First, one that I scanned last fall, and stored away for this very holiday. It was found between some images of athletes standing outside, and women posing with flowers — you just never know where this guy will show up.
It’s a young, barely-jowled Richard Nixon in a tent, eating an unidentifiable platter of food in a most aggressive fashion. His wife, Pat, sits beside him and appears characteristically patient. Why is he here, and what is he doing (besides aggressively eating)? Pat Nixon appears in many other pictures that are probably from the annual Azalea Festival, and we know that the Nixons attended the 1958 Rhododendron Festival at Roan Mountain, TN. Perhaps one of these events explains why this young, earnest couple is featured in this picture.
Here is a picture of another President, this time fully vested in the title of Commander in Chief, and in a more Presidential pose.
Yes, Dwight David Eisenhower, smiling grimly as the possibility of a national crisis looms: the 1957 desegregation of Little Rock’s Central High School and the subsequent unwillingness of Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus. That’s why Hugh Morton’s friend and NC Governor Luther Hodges is there — the President summoned a crack team of five Southern Governors to try and uphold the ruling of Brown vs. Board of Education in Arkansas while preventing riots.
Besides Eisenhower, Hodges, and a man that is most likely Faubus himself (second row, far right), the identities of the other men are unconfirmed. Who wants to help identify them?
Here’s something more cheerful: a beaming President Jimmy Carter, on the 1980 re-election campaign trail in Winston-Salem’s Tanglewood Park hosted by the applauding Governor Jim Hunt. But all the good will couldn’t help Carter overcome the fuss over the Iran Hostage Crisis, a flagging economy, and a 28% approval rating . . .
. . . and Carter instead had to vacate his post in 1981 for this affable, handsome Californian. Ronald Reagan, seen here in April 1959 at the Azalea Festival with Love Me Tender actress and Azalea Queen Deborah Paget, was at the time on the payroll of General Electric, hired to make motivational pro-G.E. speeches at various venues.
These pictures, taken individually, provide explicit and implicit narratives, but as a whole, what do they say about the American Presidency and the people who held its office? It is easier, instead, to see the narrative they present regarding their photographer, Hugh Morton: that he had access available to few, and the photographic ability to make something of it.
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GMR Varalakshmi Foundation started a vocational training centre in Delhi in October 2009 with the purpose of empowering urban youth from vulnerable families. The focus of the Centre is on imparting good quality skill training along with life skill inputs and facilitation of suitable placement opportunities for the trainees.
The training centre is currently situated in temporary premises at the Airport Campus (Indira Gandhi International Airport), New Delhi. A permanent residential centre is under construction in the same area.
The students are selected through a rigorous process. The main criteria for selection are the economic background and the educational qualifications of the students. Preference is given to trainees from Mehram Nagar and other areas near the airport, and for youth from Savda Ghevra (where illegal encroachments from the airport land were re-settled).
- Centre for Empowerment and Livelihoods (CEL) conducts market oriented courses such as Electrical, Basic Computers etc. It also conducts placement drives by inviting several potential employers like ACAAI, HoneyWell, VIPUL etc.
- Airport linked courses such as Escalators and Elevators operations and maintenance, Skilled cargo handlers and supervisors etc. have been recently initiated.
- So far, the center has trained 305 youth in different trades (247 male and 58 female). Of the trained youth, 272 are settled in different jobs or enterprises.
Misery to Bliss: Tale of a dropout Youth
"Mai agar is centre pe nahi aata to aaj mai bhi baki ladko ki tarah idhar udhar ghoom raha hota" (If I would not have got admission in the centre, I would have been roaming around like other boys.) This is what he has to say today!
This story is about a boy, who, like others in his residential area was a dropout after Std. X, aimless in life and wasting time in non-productive activities. Daya Ram, the second child of a mason of Rangpuri Pahadi slum in Delhi, lived in a rented accommodation along with his 5 siblings and parents. He had to drop out of education due to poor financial situation of the family. Accepting this as his fate, Daya Ram started spending his life as other boys of his age in Rangpuri Pahadi. He says, "at times, I did not know what I would do on any day because I had no engagement, the only work I had was creating problems for the children and others".
This is when the GMRV CEL mobilizers happened to visit this area for creating awareness about the CEL activities and for mobilizing the youth who are dropouts and are involved in non-productive activities. As a result of various mobilization activities conducted, many of the parents along with their young sons and daughters approached the CEL for enrollment and admission. One among them was Daya Ram who got enrolled in the CEL and was provided admission in the Electrical Trade. Throughout the course he scored good percentage and showed very good progress. Once the final examinations were done, Daya Ram was placed with Kepal Brady as a trainee. Now he works as Assistant Electrician there and gets Rs. 5800/- per month (in hand). He is on the top of the world and shares, "There was a time six months ago that I was not able to continue my studies because of financial problems and now I am helping my father in meeting household expenses. I have to reach at a different level and I want to support my sisters’ education".
Today, Daya Ram has earned respect among his colleagues, friends and his employer. He is able to support his family and plans to put in more hard work so that he is able to live his dreams.
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The world of banking, it’s becoming clear, operates according to different norms from those of the rest of the business world. Take the offsite corporate weekend. Normal behavior on these occasions consists of punishing the minibar and nursing consequent hangovers, hitting on long-fancied colleagues, and putting embarrassing items, ideally pornographic videos, on one another’s hotel bills. For form’s sake, a few new ideas are cooked up, and then gradually allowed to die a natural death when everyone is back at work and liver-function levels have stabilized. In June, 1994, when a team from J. P. Morgan went on an off-site weekend to Boca Raton, they conformed to normative behavior in certain respects. Binge drinking occurred; a senior colleague’s nose was broken; somebody charged a trashed Jet Ski and many cheeseburgers to somebody else’s account. Where the J. P. Morgan team broke with tradition was in coming up with a real idea—an idea that changed the entire nature of modern banking, with consequences that are currently rocking the planet.
The new idea was based on an old one, that of the swap. Say you’re in the grocery business, and feel gloomy about your prospects. Your immediate neighbor is in the stationery business, and he feels gloomy about his prospects, less so about yours. You get to talking, and one of you hits on a brilliant idea: why not just swap revenues? You take his earnings for the year, and he takes yours. The actual business doesn’t change hands, making the swap, in banking terminology, “synthetic.” The first currency swap took place in 1981, and allowed I.B.M. to trade surplus Swiss francs and Deutsche marks for dollars held by the World Bank. The two institutions exchanged their obligations to bondholders and their bond earnings without actually exchanging the bonds. The deal, brokered by Salomon Brothers, was worth two hundred and ten million dollars over ten years and ushered in a whole new field of finance. As Gillian Tett tells it in her book “Fool’s Gold” (Free Press; $26), by the time of the Boca Raton off-site, swaps had become a roaringly successful feature of the banking world: the volume of such interest-rate and currency derivatives was worth twelve trillion dollars, more than the entire U.S. economy.
But competition was making those swap deals less profitable. The quest was for a new, and therefore newly lucrative, product to sell. What got the J. P. Morgan team rolling was this thought: instead of swapping bonds or currency or interest rates, why not swap the risk of default? In effect, it could sell the risk that a borrower won’t be able to pay back his debt. Since banking is based on making loans to customers, the risk of default by those customers is a crucial part of the business. A product that made it possible to reduce that risk—by selling it to somebody else—had the potential to create a gigantic new market.
The broad outline of the financial crash is becoming well known. The value of Gillian Tett’s book is in the level of detail with which she tells the story, concentrating on the specific sequence of inventions and innovations that made it possible. Tett, a Financial Times reporter who covered the credit markets, was one of the few people to have seen the implosion coming. A critical factor was that she has a Ph.D. in social anthropology—a “hippie” background, as one banker told her, intending no compliment. It helped her focus on what she calls “social silences” in the world of banking. It’s not always what people say that contains the most important information; often, it’s what they take for granted. To Tett, it was obvious that the banking sector was running irresponsibly large risks in the overexpansion of credit and the overingenuity of its financial engineering. So she was perfectly placed to follow the story as it happened, and to pull together the story of how we got here. There are a number of different ways of peeling this particular onion; Tett does so through the J. P. Morgan team that helped create the new credit derivatives. These lie at the heart of the current crisis, and Tett’s account of their invention and dispersal makes “Fool’s Gold” a gripping and indispensable book.
The Boca Raton meeting first bore fruit when Exxon needed to open a line of credit to cover potential damages of five billion dollars resulting from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. J. P. Morgan was reluctant to turn down Exxon, which was an old client, but the deal would tie up a lot of reserve cash to provide for the risk of the loans going bad. The so-called Basel rules, named for the town in Switzerland where they were formulated, required that the banks hold eight per cent of their capital in reserve against the risk of outstanding loans. That limited the amount of lending bankers could do, the amount of risk they could take on, and therefore the amount of profit they could make. But, if the risk of the loans could be sold, it logically followed that the loans were now risk-free; and, if that were the case, what would have been the reserve cash could now be freely loaned out. No need to suck up useful capital.
In late 1994, Blythe Masters, a member of the J. P. Morgan swaps team, pitched the idea of selling the credit risk to the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development. So, if Exxon defaulted, the E.B.R.D. would be on the hook for it—and, in return for taking on the risk, would receive a fee from J. P. Morgan. Exxon would get its credit line, and J. P. Morgan would get to honor its client relationship but also to keep its credit lines intact for sexier activities. The deal was so new that it didn’t even have a name: eventually, the one settled on was “credit-default swap.”
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Why does Open Source Hardware need a bank?
Because Open Source Hardware is different from Open Source Software. Software can be made with time, but hardware needs time and money. The same kind of "openness" principles from the Open Source Software "time economy" transition nicely to the Open Source Hardware-based "time economy," but they seem to get muddled in the OSHW "money economy." Need proof? Just try to answer any of these questions: who makes money from it, who funds it, why do they fund it, and who's helping to make it sustainable for the community? Open Source Hardware lacks a way for individuals to come together, make a cool project, and get something out of it - without taking a second and third mortgage on their houses!
Right now, the status quo, emerging trend for OSHW DIY'ers has been: build something, put up a bunch of money to build a few of them, if people like it, scale it up, raise money, realize you might lose all that money, charge a margin on top of it to cover your potential losses, start a small company to resell more, cross your fingers, maybe get lucky or maybe not. Setting up each little company takes an infrastructure investment like incorporation legal fees, Paypal transaction costs, and website hosting fees to name a few. For every small hardware project, there's a potential to have to pay upwards of 40-50% of the initial cost of the project again in just infrastructure fees - that's prohibitive and ridiculous for little guys like me.
I initially built the Illuminato with financial help from some friends, but mostly from a former mentor of mine who sponsored the project by helping to get scaling costs for the inventory. That worked the first time, but I've been stuck with a decision of how to fund it. If I only build 25 at a time, the cost will be around $50 apiece, which is just wrong. So I've been sitting here trying to figure out whether to take out a loan, pass the hat amongst friends, try to pitch it to a VC, or try something else? This is the OSHW "money problem" - how do you fund Open Source Hardware?
A vision for Open Source Hardware
Looking at Open Source Software, it's a thriving ecosystems of communities, projects, and contributors. There are a few companies, but they mostly offer "paid-for" services like consulting, tech support, or custom code/build-to-order functionality. I'd like the same for Open Source Hardware. I'd like the money problem to go away for small contributors like me and others. And I'd like to help guys like Chris and Mike and Mark and David and Jake build more cool stuff because it's fun.
I happen to believe that success for Open Source Hardware is not a distributed, highly-fragmented ecosystem with hundreds or thousands of individual companies, each structured around a single project. That seems wrong, and the transaction and infrastructure costs alone make that hard to stomach, let alone the time it takes to set all that up. I also don't believe that Open Source Hardware should ever be venture-backed. This is a controversial topic to some people. But speaking for myself (and quite a few others, apparently!), if I'm contributing my hard-earned time and money to projects and giving them away for the community benefit, I want to know, like Mark and Justin have taught me, that the community is reaping as close to 100% of the benefits. I don't believe in middle-men or intermediates just for the sake of it, or in speculators profiting off of my spare time. I get enough of that during my day job, so I want to eliminate that from my "spare time!"
Principles for the Open Source Hardware Bank
Justin, Andrew, and I have put together what we'd consider a beginner's set of principles for the Open Source Hardware, which the bank will operate under. Naturally, these are also on the wiki. These principles are described in terms of what we think Open Source Hardware needs to succeed:
A mechanism to:
- Reduce margins and share costs for the community
- Minimize the risk and opportunity cost of unsold inventory
- Provide incentives for Open Source projects to move to production without risks
- Allow the building and distribution of low-quantity, non-scalable products (e.g. niche applications that are potentially non-VC fundable, since "bad business idea" isn't the same as "bad hardware idea")
- Give rewards and profits back as close as possible to those who contributed
A platform that:
- Minimizes economic transaction costs to high-paid non-laborer economic types
- Reduces barriers to contribution
- Rewards innovation and encourages new ideas
- Encourages project-level (not necessarily company-level) competition
- Participate because they are getting as much or more out as they put in
- Do it not just to make money and profit off of others for free
- Have rare, valuable skills who volunteer their talents for recognition or fun
- Are willing to build a more sustainable hardware innovation system
- Are willing to teach others for the gratification of helping others learn new skills
What's the main issue the Bank is trying to solve?
Open Source Hardware has two main financial problems that the Open Source Bank will try to alleviate (in addition to a number of other tool-based problems, but others in the community are working on those thank goodness): "Throwaway Costs" and the "Quantity Monopoly." As if the current economy weren't bad enough already, both of these problems seriously hurt DIY'ers and potential Open Source builders who want to participate in the growing Open Source Hardware community.
Throwaway Costs - building physical hardware takes revisions. Early revisions have things wrong, like misplaced traces, wrongly sized solder pads, or just bad luck. In the OSS software world, when things go wrong, you just fix the code, hit compile again, and the only thing it really "costs" is your time finding and fixing the error. But in the OSHW hardware world, errors mean broken, non-functioning junk PCB's that cost money to make. And that means lost money. Who pays for this? Guys in college, or guys who just lost all their money in their houses can't afford to build 2, 4, or 6 revisions of hardware before it works!
The Quantity Monopoly - this is a term I'm giving to the fact that large companies, especially PCB houses and component suppliers, offer volume pricing discounts. Normally this is a good thing, but only if you're building 10,000's of finished products. In the DIY OSHW world, we're talking about building 1's to 10's to 25's at a time, and so the community gets burned every time by paying "quantity tax" to large suppliers. The has the side effect of pricing individual DIY builders out of many potential hardware developments, simply because they don't get cheap enough until you make 1,000's. It's a quantity monopoly, because there's only 1 quantity number that anyone wants to build: 100,000 of anything. This is a difficult topic, and in my interviews and conversations, I've found many people on both sides of the fence about this - some for, some against. The bottom line is: if stuff were cheaper, Chris, David, Mark, Mike, Omar, Justin, and I'd all personally be able to build and share more, so anything prohibiting this is what I'll call "bad."
The Solution: how the Bank will work
The Open Source Hardware Bank will work to eliminate the scaling and quantity pricing problem for OSHW projects by funding the build of 2x the quantity of any Open Source Hardware product. That means, if a project has found a way to find 10 potential buyers, the bank will put down the money needed to fund 10 more, for a total of 20 products. If a project has found 25 community members to buy in, the bank will fund another 25, to bring the total quantity down to 50. This should reduce the unit costs by around 10-30% of any hardware project, and in the case of the Illuminato, it'll reduce costs by almost 40%!
In return, anyone who pitches in money to the bank will get a modest and sustainable return on their investment, somewhere between 5-10%. Normally, this wouldn't be a huge amount, but given what I've learned about the "real" economy recently, 30-50% return on investment may never have really existed in the first place, let alone represented "sustainable growth." This money gets paid back and cashed out when the rest of the inventory is bought as a check that Justin, Andrew, or I write and sign personally.
So Andrew, Justin, and I will see to it that the Open Source Hardware Bank does not default, and each of us will guarantee every investment. Maybe you could call it AJMIC (instead of FDIC insured)! No one is trying to become a millionaire (without lots of hard work), a high paid investment banker (ugh), or Alan Greenspan (was he ever right about anything?). We're just trying to build a sustainable little financial institution to help Open Source Hardware DIY'ers. Consequently, we're also human and realize the limits of spare time, so no one's rushing out to build 50 projects, just 1 or 2 or 3 at a time will be perfectly fine, thank you!
The Open Source Hardware Bank is "Open Source"
The bank is funding Open Source Hardware, but it is also trying to be a step in the direction of Open Source Finance. As a result, the bank is also going to be "Open Source." It will run on a wiki, everything will be transparent, and it is open to anyone who'd like to join in any of the following roles:
Open Source Banker - these will be rotating positions, and Andrew, Justin, and I will do it first until it gets unsustainable and we need help (hint hint Mark and John)
Open Source Hardware Investor - by buying anywhere between $1,000 and $5,000 Open Source hardware T-bills
Open Source Economic Council - attending bi-monthly Open Source meetings (OSEC) in NYC and Boston to vote on what the bank will fund
If you're interested, or just think Justin, Andrew, and I are totally nuts, just send me an email! :) inthebitz at gmail... and in the meantime, every ridiculously crazy project needs a respectable logo, so here's one for the Open Source Bank:
Naturally, the text around the logo reads "Open Source Hardware" in ASCII, there's wreath of resistors representing overcoming resistance (buh dump chhhhh), and a course a fancy set of circuitry in the middle, and a hexadecimal base 16 set of stars around the center...
Here goes nothing!!!
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Long gone are the days when you can reasonably expect to know all aspects of SQL Server at a deep level. When a new version starts to emerge, I try to put some scope around the features that I will dive more deeply into. I'm publishing my list here so that like-minded SQL Server enthusiasts may become aware of a feature or two that was lost in that one-page Powerpoint slide you see in most of the presentations on SQL Server 2008.
Note: I put together this list during the summer as an roadmap for personal testing with the CTP releases. In December 2007, a whitepaper, "An Introduction to New Data Warehouse Scalability Features in SQL Server 2008", was released that includes a short writeup on each of these features, as well as some additional improvements to SSAS, SSIS and SSRS. If you are interested in the types of features I mention below, I highly recommend you check out this whitepaper.
My focus is on Business Intelligence and performance (particularly in terms of relational data warehouse performance). With that said and in no particular order, here is my list of top 10 features in SQL Server 2008, and why. I plan to post more detail about several of these in the future:
- MERGE command - this is a new TSQL command that will allow you to combine an Insert with an Update command, sometimes referred to as an UPSERT. This is particularly useful in loading a data warehouse. You will no longer have to test for a row's existence in order to take one of two paths (INSERT or UPDATE, or even DELETE).
- Star Join - this could have a tremendous impact on queries in a relational data warehouse. Data warehouse queries are characteristically performance hogs. Since a large percentage of data is usually selected, the query optimizer often cannot take advantage of indexes like it can with more selective OLTP queries.
- Change Data Capture (CDC) - this feature can be used in SQL Server 2008 data sources to automatically track changes in data that require a row to be re-sent to a data warehouse. This makes ETL from a SQL Server 2008 data source far more efficient and straight-forward.
- INSERT INTO - no structural changes have been made to the statement, but minimal logging can be implement, much like BULK INSERT or SELECT..INTO, under the right conditions.
- Lookups in SSIS - though SSIS lookups were incredibly enhanced from DTS (where they were virtually unusable), the performance of this task has been tuned to improve performance and minimize resource utilization. In lieu of blogging about this later, I'll refer to a blog post by Jamie Thomson who explains this feature in detail and far better than I could.
- Data compression - this is potentially huge! First of all, compression is an option, so if if the CPU hit is an issue you can choose not to implement compression. Data compression means more data on fewer pages, which has a domino effect on performance (more pages in memory, better memory utilization, and improved page life expectancy).
- Partitioning enhancements - there's an issue in SQL Server 2005 partitioning parallelism that affects queries on a few number of partitions but greater than 1. If only one partition is queried, intra-partition parallelism is implemented effectively. If greater than one, a single thread is used to process each partition, which results in under-parallelism with queries on just a few partitions. This has been addressed in SQL Server 2008 (future post).
- Resource Governor - if you haven't seen the demo on this, you should. You can implement resource governing rules that affect inflight queries. One scenario I see for this is in environments where ETL occurs simultaneously with data warehouse queries, such as in a real-time environment.
- Backup compression - this will dramatically affect backup times for large data warehouses. This capability is currently available through third party vendors but some DBAs are currently unable to leverage these solutions due to company standards or budget constraints.
- Partition-aligned indexed views (IVs) - this allows for the use of IVs on fact tables. Indexed views on partitioned tables is virtually unusable in SQL Server 2005 because of the requirement to drop and recreate dependent IVs whenever a fact table partition SWITCH is made. I'll explain why I think this is such a big deal in a future post.
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Over Christmas, I received a series 530 Roomba, the robotic vacuum cleaner from iRobot. It cleans the floor really well. But that is all it does. This year at the Consumer Electronics Show, iRobot revealed the prototype AVA. It is, essentially, an open robotic platform. Think of it as an iPad with a body. It has no dedicated purpose and, importantly, it has an API and will run software made by third-party developers.
Yes, apps for robots. This is a wonderful development, one that I predicted in a forthcoming essay in Maryland Law Review. As iRobot founder Colin Angle points out, “If you think of the thousands of apps out there: Which iPad apps would be more cool if they moved?” More importantly, would you not be more inclined to buy a personal robot that came with thousands of programs, with more on the way.
AVA is representative of a sea change in thinking about robotic products. Just a couple of years ago, iRobot’s Angle was telling The Economist that general-purpose robots were unlikely and that we would have one robot for each task. Now iRobot is building a multi-purpose platform open to outside programmers.
The change can likely be traced back to the start up Willow Garage, home to the laundry folding, pool playing, beer shagging PR2. Willow Garage is betting that the next “killer app” will come from consumers or other, third-party innovators.
To read about the promise and challenges open robots pose, please check out Open Robotics. Your thoughts warmly welcome.
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- Special Sections
- Public Notices
Advanced Placement government and politics students at North Oldham High School are not only learning about the political system, they are living it as well. Following their intensive study of political parties, the nomination process, campaigning and elections, two AP government classes had the opportunity to apply their understanding of the political process.
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Click the question mark below to see where your account ID appears on your mailing label.
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Personality is the scientific study of individual differences and the factors, both internal and external, that shape a person's character. The major theoretical viewpoints and the latest research addressing the characteristics that distinguish one person from another are reviewed. This course is recommended for anyone who is interested in increasing their understanding of how biological, social, and psychological forces interact to shape an individual's personality. Psychology 2255 satisfies 3 of the 9 semester hours of the required Social and Behavioral Sciences credit needed for the AA/AS degree and is transferable under the Illinois Articulation Initiative (IAI) as a part of the General Education Core Curriculum.
Prerequisite: Psychology 1100.
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Just as Mrs. Waldman hands out the spelling test, you see Jeff pull out a small piece of paper with a lot of little scribbling on it. Jeff tucks the note into his closed fist but soon takes it out again. While he's taking the test, you see him looking back and forth between the teacher and his paper. There's no mistaking it — he's cheating.
What Exactly Is Cheating?
Cheating is when a person misleads, deceives, or acts dishonestly on purpose. For kids, cheating may happen at school, at home, or while playing a sport. If a baseball team is for kids who are 8 or younger, it's cheating for a 9-year-old to play on the team and hit home run after home run.
At school, in addition to cheating on a test, a kid might cheat by stealing someone else's idea for a science project or by copying a book report off the Internet and turning it in as if it's his or her original work. Copying someone else's words or work and saying they're yours is a type of cheating called plagiarizing (say: play-jeh-rise-ing).
How Do People Cheat?
Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. Jeff is doing it by sneaking answers to a test, but it's also cheating to break the rules of a game or contest or to pretend something is yours when it isn't. When people cheat, it's not fair to other people, like the kids who studied for the test or who were the true winners of a game or contest.
It's tempting to cheat because it makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn't solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won't help on the next test — unless the person cheats again.
Sometimes it may seem like cheaters have it all figured out. They can watch TV instead of studying for the spelling test. But other people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.
Why Kids Cheat
Some kids cheat because they're busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can't pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a "good reason" for cheating, cheating isn't a good idea.
If you were sick or upset about something the night before and couldn't study, it would be better to talk with the teacher about this. And if you don't have enough time to study for a test because of swim practice, you need to talk with your parents about how to balance swimming and school.
A kid who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test needs to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some solutions together. Talking about these problems and working them out will feel better than cheating.
Many kids feel tempted to cheat once in a while. Most resist and do the work instead. Some kids cheat once and feel so bad that they never do it again. Others get caught and decide it isn't worth it. Unfortunately, some kids start cheating and feel like they can't stop.
Kids who cheat may feel worried about getting caught. Whether they are caught or not, these kids may feel guilty, or embarrassed, or ashamed — or all three. Even if the cheater feels fine or doesn't get caught, that doesn't mean it's OK. If you see someone cheating, or if someone asks to copy your work, you can tell a teacher or another grown-up.
Kids who get caught cheating might be given a "zero" score on the assignment, be sent to the principal's office, and have their parents contacted. Worse than the bad grade may be the feeling of having disappointed other people, like parents and teachers. A parent may worry that you are not an honest person and a teacher might watch you more closely the next time you're taking a test.
Cheaters cheat themselves in a way because they don't make an honest attempt to learn as much as they can. For instance, if you cheat your way through spelling tests, you won't learn how to spell. That can katch — I mean catch — up with you when you get older! And adults who cheat — at work, sports, or in their relationships — get into serious trouble, far more serious than a bad grade on a spelling test.
Making a Comeback
There are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldn't cheat, but some kids have already cheated. If that's you, it's never too late to stop cheating. Cheating can become a habit, but like other bad habits, a kid can always decide to act better and make better choices. It might help to talk the problem over with a parent, teacher, or counselor. Choosing to play fair and be honest again can help a kid feel relieved and proud.
There's an old saying that cheaters never win and winners never cheat. This may sound confusing because sometimes it seems like cheaters do win — at least for the moment. But kids who don't cheat are true winners because, when they win, they do it fair and square.
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a housing having at least one display window arranged to indicate at least one cycle of the human biorythms;
three rotationally symmetrical bodies having driving means to rotate within said housing with fixed axes of rotation, each body comprising on its surface a closed loop curve to enclose said fixed axis of rotation;
a calendar date arrangement to correllate in time the angular position of said rotationally symmetrical bodies;
an actuating means to actuate in parallel the angular position of said bodies and said calendar date arrangement;
a synchronizing means to synchronize the angular position of said rotationally symmetrical bodies and said calendar date arrangement;
wherein each closed loop curve disposed on the surface of each body during its rotation projects through said at least one display window different parts of said curve, thus to constitute in time a sinusoidal-like mode of alteration of one of the biorythms of the human body and to correlate it to a given calendar time by means of said calendar date arrangement.
said three rotationally symmetrical bodies are three drums, first, second and third respectively;
said driving means are gears, first gear comprising number of teeth proportional to 23 and attached to the said first drum to provide an actuation for the physical biorythm display; second gear comprising number of teeth proportional to 28 and attached to the said second drum to provide an actuation for the emotional biorythm display; and third gear comprising number of teeth proportional to 33, to provide an actuation for the intellectual biorythm display, respectively;
said closed loop curve disposed on the surface of each drum is an elipse which may be formed, also, as an outline of the cross section of each drum with a plane not perpendicular to the axis of rotation of each drum.
said synchronizing means is at least one gear to synchronize the angular position of said three drums and said calendar date arrangement;
each of said gears and said drums can slide along their axes of rotation, the disengage and reengage in a new angular position, so as to set the angular position of each drum according to the user's birthdate.
a days-of-the-month cylinder having the days-of-the-month designation on its surface, as the position of said cylinder is synchronized with the position of said three bodies by means of said synchronizing means and an actuating gear connected to said cylinder by means of an actuating shaft.
a months-of-the-year cylinder having a designation with the months-of-the-year on its surface.
each drum comprises numbers from 1 to 23, from 1 to 28 and from 1 to 33 to designate the number of elapsed days since the beginning of the physical, the emotional and the intellectual biorythm cycles, respectively; said numbers to be used to set the computer with the user's birthdate and to provide, in addition, during use, a digital feedback, which is provided for display through respective windows in said housing.
This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in Biorythm computer devices.
An object of the invention is to provide a personal biorythms analog computer-calendar for everyday use, displaying the three biorythm states and the dialed calendar date, without a necessity of dialing every day the individual's birth date and providing computations.
Another object of the invention is to memorize the displayed levels of the three biorythms, and the calendar date associated with those levels, for an unlimited amount of time, without using less reliable elements, such as electronic components and batteries.
Yet another object is to provide an easy reading of the displayed data for both "digital" and "visual" type of people, due to its hybrid nature, e.g. the displayed data appears in its digital and analog forms.
The computer uses the existing analogy between the period of the biorythms of the human body and the period of motion of some cyclic elements. Changing in 1/23, 1/28 and 1/33 of their states or lengths is equivalent in changes of 1/23, 1/28 and 1/33 of each respective biorythm level.
An embodiment is disclosed to illustrate the principles of the invention. Its important feature is that the displayed amplitude of the three cycles can be extended without affecting substantially the overall dimensions of the computer.
Other objectives and aspects of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description of specific exemplary embodiment of principles of the invention.
The above described and other objects and advantages of the invention are hereinafter described in greater detail and claimed, reference being had to the accompaning drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which the shown
FIG. 1 is a simplified plan view, partly cut away, of an exemplary embodiment.
Referring now in more detail to the drawing all details of the exemplary embodiment are enclosed in a housing, which comprises a front cover 20 with a display panel 21, a rear cover 23 and two side covers 22, attached to the main housing. The display panel 21 comprises slots 26 and windows 9, to the left of slots 26.
The invention comprises three biorythm groups: physical, emotional and intellectual. During further description, they are considered as groups "a", "b" and "c" respectively. The three groups consist of same elements, but are different in size. Biorythm group "a" is formed of gears 2, having numbers of teeth equal or proportional to 23 Each gear 2 and its respective drum 3 are affixed to a respective shaft 4, which can rotate about its axis of symmetry.
Gear 2 synchronizes the motion of drum 3 by being engaged to a central gear 1, which is affixed to and rotate together about a central shaft 17. The central gear 1 can be single, as it is shown in the figure, or double (two identical gears, separated and attached to the central shaft 17). Each shaft 4 is provided to slide along its rotational axis until gear 2 disengage from the central gear 1, and after turning to reengage in other angular position to gear 2. Spring 5 is disposed along the shaft 4, so as to keep a permanent engagement between gear 2 and the synchronizing central gear 1.
Each drum 3 comprises a biorythm graph 6, with an elliptical shape, which is disposed around the periphery of the drum. The graph 6 can be considered as an outline of the cross section of drum 3 with a plane not perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the same drum. Also there is a numbers column 7 around the periphery of each drum 3 disposed to the left of each graph 6, showing the correlation between the level of each biorythm and the number of the elapsed days since beginning of the same biorythm. The drum 3 is located behind the display panel 21 in such arrangement that part of the graph 6 appears on display through a respective slot 26. During rotation of drum 3, the right hand side edge 31 of the elliptical graph 6 projects different portions along the slot 26, representing the sinusoidal pattern of biorythms. Similarly, the correlated number from the numbers column 7 appears on window 9. The central gear 1 is engaged to an actuating gear 27. Gear 27 is permanently attached to the left end of an actuating shaft 16, whose right end comprises permanently affixed actuating knob 19.
A days-of-the-month drum 15 is attached to the actuating shaft 16, so as to rotate together with the actuating gear 27 and the actuating knob 19. A months-of-the-year drum 28 is mounted next to drum 15 to rotate free about the actuating shaft 16, and is attached to a dialing months-of-the-year knob 18. A days-of-the-week drum 14 is disposed on shaft 16, next to knob 18. It rotates free about the actuating shaft 16, and is affixed to a first days-of-the-week gear 11. Gear 11 is permanently engaged to an idle gear 13, which is also engaged to a second days-of-the-week gear 12 affixed to the central shaft 17. In such arrangement, the days-of-the-week drum 14 follows the angular position of the central gear 1. The day-of-the-week drum 14, the months-of-the-year drum 28 and the day-of-the-month drum 15 have on their periphery columns with letters or numbers showing the days of the week, the months of the year and the days of the month, respectively, and constitute the calendar group of the computer-calendar.
The front housing 20 or the front panel 21 comprises, in front of each calendar drum, a calendar days-of-the-week window 30, a calendar months-of-the-year window 29 and a calendar days-of-the-month window 24, so as to display through them the dialed day of the week, month of the year and day of the month, respectively. An engaging spring 32 is affixed to the right end of the actuating shaft 16, so as to keep actuating gear 27 in permanent engagement with central gear 1.
The personal biorythms analog computer-calender works as follows: any calendar date dialed by knob 19 and knob 18, appears on windows 30, 29 and 24 in sequence: day of the week, month of the year, and day of the month. In the same time, the knob 19 actuates the actuating gear 27, by means of shaft 16, and also the central gear 1. The central gear 1, single or double, turns all three groups: the emotional (a), the physical (b) and the intellectual (c) on an angle determined by the dialed calendar date. During rotation of respective groups "a", "b", and "c", the right hand side edge 31 of each biorhythm graph 6, projects a sinusoidal motion through the respective slot 26. The position of graph 6 shown through slot 26 is proportional to the level of the three biorhythms. The position of each moving edge 31 shows positive level of each biorhythm, if the displayed portion of edge 31 is disposed to the right of the middle of each slot. Similarly, each biorhythm has a negative level, if the displayed portion of the moving edge 31 is disposed to the left of the middle of each slot. A visual display graph 10 on panel 21, located around each slot, show the above mentioned and help the individual in proper reading. The "digital" display of the computer or the display, shown through window 9, is to the left of the "analog" display or to the left of each slot 26. Its main function is at the beginning of use, when the computer has to be set with the individual's birthday.
This is done by pushing in or pulling out the ends of each shaft 8, (depending whether a single or double central gear 1 is used), and turning them until the computed by other means elapsed days since beginning of each biorhythm, appear through window 9. After that the shafts 8 have to be released to allow gear 2 reengage in its new angular position.
During current use, the "digital" display through window 9 shows the number of days elapsed since the beginning of each cycle and can serve as an additional feedback to the individual using the computer.
The foregoing embodiment illustrates principles of the invention, but it should be clear that numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of this application, and that the invention is not limited to the exact construction and operation disclosed in detail but encompasses suitable modifications and equivalents utilizing the invented principles and falling within the scope of the invention.
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- Get Involved
- Education & Events
- Publications & Research
- About ACA
Camp Traditions: Memories in the Making
As we celebrate the 100th anniversary of the American Camp Association®, we recognize that through wars, recessions, triumphs, and feats of accomplishment, the camp experience has remained, at its core, essentially the same — a unique environment that promotes friendship, leadership, and community. When we compare camp experiences of the past with today's camp experience, we know that they served similar purposes. And, even as technology changes the world around us, we strive to develop positive camp experiences in the future that provide the same growth and development opportunities to tomorrow's children and youth.
True, the camp experience looks significantly different today than the camps of yesterday — bathing bloomers are gone, and rarely do we see woolly sweaters, tights, and high-heeled boots as part of the camp uniform. But there are parts and pieces of the past that carry on through camp traditions. There are traditions that still hold true today, and traditions that are held fondly in the minds and hearts of alumni. There are emerging traditions, and traditions that adapt and change — much like the camp experience itself. Each one is a thread woven through the fabric of time, creating an American tradition that has persevered for the past 150 years — Camp.
Traditions of the Past
Many early traditions are no longer practiced at camp, but they played an important role in our collective history. Sometimes these include extravagant events or festivals. "We used to have a huge water carnival day," said Sam Cote, director for Camp Lincoln/Camp Lake Hubert. "It was done as a team-building activity, a way to create a sense of community. The kids would spend days building elaborate floats that they would then parade along the lake shore on canoes."
And sometimes, activities and programs became traditions. "One of our activity offerings was boxing," said Cote. "It was incredibly popular for many, many years."
"Every morning we would begin the day with a bugler and a flag raising ceremony," said Jordan Dale, executive director of Surprise Lake Camp. "We would also end the day the same way — a bugler and the lowering of the flag. This isn't something that has been done in decades, but it was very much a part of our camp program."
In some cases, transportation became a tradition. "The girls used to arrive at camp by stagecoach or by boat," said Carol Sudduth, co-director at Wyonegonic. "For the longest time, there weren't any roads to the camp. So they really didn't have any other option."
Some tried-and-true traditions of the past still make an appearance, in a slightly altered form. For example, Color Wars, or competitive team activities, were very popular in camps. Billed as healthy competition, some lasted all summer; others were held on special days. While the emphasis may not be solely on competition, these events are still around in various forms.
"The camp Olympics are quite a big deal," said Dale. An adaptation of Color Wars, four teams comprised of all age groups compete in athletic, aquatic, and creative competitions throughout the day. "The favorite part of the day for most campers is the competitions at the theatre where teams present songs and other creative material. It's usually very funny. The whole day is designed for light-hearted competition and fun."
"We recently brought Color Wars back," said Cote. "It originated in the 1930s, but we restarted them five years ago. Campers are divided and assigned to either a red or blue team, and they compete in different activities around camp. The winning team's flag is raised and flown until the next event."
"We have a camp Play Day," said Don Cheley, owner/director of Cheley Colorado Camps. "Brother and sister units get together and play noncompetitive games like water balloon toss and kick-ball with big balls. There is no winner or loser, so it isn't really a true Color War. It is designed to be a social, fun event for the campers."
Some early traditions are still a part of the camp experience. These traditions are defining, not only for the camp, but for the campers as well. "It's interesting that our leadership trainees are very tied to tradition," said Cote. "For example, wearing whites at chapel has become a significant part of the camp experience — it is something the campers expect, and it continues because the campers have asked that it continue."
"When the whole camp is gathered at special events, we sing Nestling," said Dale. "It's become the official camp song."
"Much of what we do is tradition," said Tony Mayfield, director of Culver Summer Schools and Camps. "We still do the Sunday Parade with the entire camp."
Some of these traditions are extensions of programs, or camp rules. "When our campers arrive, they gather as a unit and outline Codes of Living," said Jeff Cheley, director of Cheley Colorado Camps. "Each unit makes a list of the values they want to adhere to during the camp experience."
"Our Woodcraft program was started early in the camp's history, and it's still popular," said Mayfield.
"We still do closing circle at the end of the day," said Sudduth. "The girls gather in a circle and hold hands. We make announcements and sing songs. Really it puts calm on the end of the day."
New traditions emerge every day. Camp staff are constantly evaluating what they could do to enhance the camp experience for the campers. "Here's the interesting thing about traditions," said Dale. "If you do something two or three years in a row, it automatically becomes a tradition. Then if you stop doing it, for whatever reason, the campers feel that this is something that has always been done."
"We try to hold on to traditions," said Don Cheley. "The kids really expect and look forward to them."
Kevin Gordon, owner/director of Camp Kupugani, Inc. shares how traditions sometimes evolve out of practical needs. "Our Opening Barbeque allows parents to meet other parents and counselors. It softens the leaving process — and lets parents wander the grounds and get a feel for the camp."
"Just in the last ten years or so, we began a Wyoween celebration," said Sudduth. "We celebrate on July 31. The campers wear costumes, and we do scary activities and games. The girls love it."
"We started a Bar and Bat Mitzvah program," said Dale. "It's for campers and staff who are of age, and aren't planning to celebrate otherwise. It's really a bonding experience for the camp. We do twenty or so each summer."
The Campfire — the Enduring Tradition
Perhaps the most undeniable camp tradition is the campfire. Synonymous with the camp experience, there is something both touching and dramatic about the campfire. When combined with an opening or closing ceremony, or a rite of passage, it becomes almost transcendent. Each campfire is unique; each ritual is beautiful and powerful. And each one is remembered for a lifetime.
At Camp Kupugani, the campfire is symbolic of something greater than the individual. During the opening campfire, campers voluntarily go around the campfire circle and share what they hope to get out of the camp experience. Then they throw little logs, or key logs, onto the fire to demonstrate the power of community and how when brought together, the campers are creating something bigger than themselves. At the closing campfire, each camper brings two pinecones gathered from the camp grounds. As campers share what they will take home from camp, they throw one pinecone on the fire. The other is used as a camp memento — a keepsake of what was learned and shared.
A Grand March is incorporated at Camp Lincoln/Camp Lake Hubert as part of the final campfire. Older campers carry torches and march through camp, picking up each cabin group along the way. The younger campers follow to the campfire site. The older campers pass on the torches to symbolize passing the responsibility to the next age group.
At Cheley Colorado Camps, the final campfire is done in unit groups. Parents are invited, and a slideshow has been added. The final campfire is very emotional, and the slideshow is a great way to bring the camp experience full circle — reminding campers that they had an amazing summer.
Sometimes the final campfire has a slightly different look. At Wyonegonic, a candlelight service is held at the lake on the last night of camp. Campers gather in canoes with lanterns for light. The campers close out the summer by singing traditional songs from the camp's past.
Traditions are an essential part of our lives — from holiday celebrations, to family gatherings. It is only fitting that camp, where the feeling of family and community is so strong, honors tradition — not only the traditions of the past, but the traditions that are being carried forward into the next generation of camp.
As Carol Sudduth so aptly expressed, "Camp has seen it all — from bloomers to running shorts, and everything in between."
Originally published in the 2010 May/June issue of Camping Magazine.
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Ravens are definitely tops when it comes to brain size. And now scientists believe they use objects to get attention.
I know that humans and chimps share something like 98 percent of our DNA. But what does this really mean?
Did you know that the thaumatrope was invented by an English physician named J. A. Paris in 1926?
Researchers have found that you can tape record the various calls made by Vervet monkeys and play them back one at a time.
Did you know that most chemical messages in your body take the form of a protein?
Raspberries, kiss squeaks, and grumphs are all noises made by orangutans. Learn how orangutans communicate and use gestures.
Why do the nearly blind, small, mouse-like animals make so much noise? The scientific discovery about shrews.
Did you know that crocodiles call from inside their eggs with a 'cheep' sound shortly before they hatch?
Rose bushes and other plants have a time honored method of communicating with yellow jackets and other wasps.
Cowboys in Western movies sometimes puts their ear to the ground to listen for a stampede or wagon train. Elephants can also communicate by hearing vibrations.
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One of the debates going on in and around science careers at the moment is the difference between scientists and technicians. How is each 'profession' defined, what is the current labour market need, and what level of training does each require?
Certainly, to be a scientist requires more formal education than a technician but no one seems to know whether progression from technician to scientist is possible or even desirable. Let's look at these two groups more in depth.
I'll start with chartered scientist as The Science Council champions the work of professional scientists. (This is not without controversy as some argue that there is no such thing as the profession of scientist and that individuals refer to their job by their discipline: physicist, chemist, biologist, geneticist).
Chartered scientist is intended to join up all the different disciplines and emphasise the skills and ways of thinking that are common across all scientists. As well as joining up the disciplines, the Council aims to give status to the profession of scientist — encouraging people to be proud of this profession and young people to aspire to be a scientist as a career, with this umbrella term.
Something to remember is the world of science and its applications is multi-disciplinary, increasingly so. Having started a life in one science, many scientists find they have moved along to another field or discipline or are drawing on several disciplines simultaneously. For example, a 'water scientist' who started out with a chemistry degree said to me: "My whole approach has been so much wider than just chemistry. My work involves biology, process engineering, micro-biology… When people ask me what I do at a party, I pull all this together and tell them I'm a chartered scientist."
Pulling this together is beneficial because there is a greater recognition of 'scientist' than there would be of the individual disciplines. The public would probably accept a general definition of a scientist as being someone who studies or practices science at an advanced level whereas a physicist is a scientist trained in physics, almost certainly educated to Masters level or beyond.
But what do we call someone who is working in science but is not at the chartered scientist level? Are these individuals scientists? Should we have another word to describe these roles?
A debate is on about this and it coincides with increasing concern about the shortage of technicians in the workforce. Universities and schools claim that labs are in crisis because of a shortage of technicians and that those in these jobs are demoralised and perceived as second-class. The New Engineering Foundation claims that more than 240k technicians are needed — 66,500 in nanotechnology alone and 18k in renewable energy. I've written before about the vast numbers of STEM graduates not seeking careers within science and technology — 40% to be precise — so it is no surprise to find there is a skills shortage at technician level.
Why is this when there are obvious opportunities? Do graduates think they are trained beyond technician level? That isn't what employers are saying — they indicate that this is exactly the type of job that graduates should be going for if they aren't in the elite group (I think that probably means graduated from Russell Group Universities with a 2:1) and that most STEM graduates don't have the lab skills and experience yet to be chartered scientists making it necessary for them to do several more years training.
Could it be because there is a perception that there is no progression from technician to scientist? Is there something wrong with the perception of the role of technician?
The definition that I think most would recognise of a technician is being someone who has a practical understanding of the application of theoretical principles in a specific area of work — being more versed in a technique rather than the underlying science or knowledge. However, because of the way the term is used in the UK, there is a tendency to think of technicians as semi-skilled and it is usually attached to a specific, perhaps even narrow field, such as dental technician, stage technician, heating technician, so we don't come across physics technicians, biology technicians or chemistry technicians.
But in other countries, most notably perhaps in Germany, the term technician is more likely to imply someone with a very high level of skills, almost an elite 'technical' class.
So is it a status thing?
The recent Department of Business Innovation and Skills announced an ambition to develop a technician register across ICT and science. It suggested that one of the problems might be that often technicians have training and skills recognised only by one employer. That perception is almost certainly a disincentive for any STEM graduates looking for a first job that provides a good training platform for a future career — a stepping stone to being a scientist.
We don't have any clarity yet about what sort of people will aspire to be technicians, what type of training will be appropriate and what a lifelong career as or 'from' a technician will look like — and we need to tackle this now.
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Invasive could threaten Maine's Pristine Rivers and Streams. Maine to combat potential infestation with strategy of Check, Clean and Dry.
AUGUSTA, Maine – With the discovery of the aquatic nuisance algae known commonly as "didymo" or "rock snot" on the Vermont/New Hampshire Border in the Connecticut River, the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife and the Maine Department of Environmental Protection are alerting boaters, anglers, kayakers, canoeists and others to take action to prevent this new invasive threat to Maine's waters.
The confirmed discovery in Bloomfield, Vermont is the first official report of Didymosphenia geminata in the Northeastern United States.
Didymo can form extensive 'blooms' on the bottoms of rocky river beds, essentially smothering aquatic life forms such as macroinvertebrates (aquatic insects), native algae, and other organisms. Additionally, the physical appearance of the bloom is aesthetically unpleasing, and can reduce the recreational values of a waterbody. Didymo uses stalks to attach to rocks and plants in a river system. The diatom creates these stalks, which can form masses 10-12 inches thick on the river bottom, and trail for lengths of 2-3 feet in the current.
"Didymo can be spread by transporting a single cell, it forms dense mats, which can kill aquatic insect life, essentially starving out fish populations in the area," said John Boland, Director of Fisheries for IFW. "The ease with which it can be spread is a real concern for anyone who enjoys Maine's waters. All of Maine's rivers and streams are at risk."
Both IFW and DEP are urging anglers and other water recreationists to use these procedures for preventing the introduction and spread of didymo: Check, Clean and Dry.
There are currently no known methods for controlling or eradicating didymo once it infests a water body. "Preventing the spread of Didymo is our best defense," said Tom Danielson, a biologist with the Maine Department of Environmental Protection. "We have tested algae at over two hundred locations on Maine rivers and streams, and it has not yet been detected in Maine's waters."
Didymo is generally found in colder, low nutrient, high clarity streams. However, recently there have been discoveries of Didymo in rivers and streams in warmer climates, as well as streams with more nutrients, streams with moderate clarities and even some tannic (tea colored) waters. Didymo is currently found in Europe (Scotland, Poland) and it is spreading throughout the northwestern region of the US. It is also in Quebec, British Columbia and New Zealand.
In the past several years, didymo has expanded its range in the Western United States and has infested rivers and streams in several southeastern states, including Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee and North Carolina.
In 2004, didymo was discovered in New Zealand. Within 18 months it had spread to 12 rivers on the South Island, forming nuisance blooms at several locations. New Zealand officials have instituted severe penalties for intentional spread of the algae, and are intensively researching control and prevention methods.
If you feel that you have discovered didymo, please contact the Maine Department of Environmental Protection at 1-800-452-1942 or email email@example.com.
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- 1901 - Recognizing the need for plumbing pipe in the newly industrialized, post-war South, W. Frank Dowd built a small foundry in Charlotte, North Carolina, to produce cast iron soil pipe and fittings. The original Charlotte Pipe and Foundry employed 25 men.
- 1926 - W. Frank Dowd's son, Frank Dowd II, began leading Charlotte Pipe with the goals of expanding the sales territory and developing stronger customer relationships.
- Early 1950s - Frank II's sons, Frank Dowd Jr. and Roddey Dowd joined the company. They supervised the overall mechanization of foundry production processes during a time when many cast iron pipe foundries ceased to operate due to relentless competition in the industry.
- Mid 1960s - Frank Dowd Jr. and Roddey Dowd directed the opening of the Plastics Division in 1967 in Monroe, North Carolina, to produce thermoplastic plumbing pipe and fittings for drain, waste and vent (DWV) applications.
- 1992 - Charlotte Pipe established the Industrial Plastics Division to supply Schedule 80 pipe and fittings manufactured from both PVC and CPVC resins for industrial applications.
- 1996 - The Plastics Division began producing FlowGuard Gold® pipe and fittings for hot and cold water distribution systems.
- 2005 - Charlotte Pipe began to produce and market the ChemDrain® line of pipe and fitting for chemical waste applications.
- 2009 - Charlotte Pipe began to produce and market ReUze®, CPVC pipe for non-potable indoor water applications.
- 2010 - Charlotte Pipe began to produce and market RePVC®, the first PVC DWV pipe that uses recycled content.
- Today - Charlotte Pipe is the largest manufacturer of DWV pipe and fittings in the United States and operates one of the largest fittings molding facilities in the world.
- The Company now has satellite pipe extrusion plants in Muncy, Pennsylvania; Cameron, Texas; Wildwood, Florida; Cedar City, UT; and Huntsville, Alabama.
- The facility at Monroe is still the Company's largest plastics pipe and fittings manufacturing operation, comprising more than 1,000,000 sq. ft. for extrusion and molding, and warehouse capacity of 625,000 sq. ft.
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|FHWA > Engineering > Preservation > Fact Sheets > Pavement Preservation: Toolbox Resources|
Construction and Maintenance Fact Sheets
Pavement Preservation: Toolbox Resources
October 2001 FHWA-IF-02-010
Everything you ever wanted to know about pavement preservation...right at your fingertips. The new "Pavement Preservation Toolbox," assembled by the Federal Highway Administration and Foundation for Pavement Preservation, contains videos, CD-ROMs, reports, brochures, and other materials that provide a wealth of information on the state of the practice in pavement preservation. From explaining the preventive maintenance concept to selecting roads for preservation to choosing the right treatments, the Toolbox can help you get a pavement preservation program underway.
As the Toolbox materials explain, pavement preservation involves the timely application of carefully selected surface treatments to maintain or extend a pavement's service life. An effective pavement preservation program includes the use of a range of preventive maintenance techniques and strategies, such as fog seals, slurry seals, thin lift overlays, crack sealing, and surface recycling for flexible pavements. Similar treatments for concrete roadways include crack and joint sealing, retrofit dowel bars, partial depth repairs, and diamond grinding. These treatments can reduce the amount of water infiltrating the pavement structure, slow the rate of deterioration, or correct surface deficiencies such as roughness. The key is to apply the treatments when the pavement is still in good condition, with no structural damage. It is estimated that the use of preservation treatments can extend the life of a structurally sound pavement by 5 to 10 years.
Highway agencies that have made a Statewide commitment to pavement preservation include those of Ohio, Michigan, and California. Ohio recently issued new Pavement Preventive Maintenance Guidelines and has provided training on the guidelines to each of its Districts and Counties. Ohio has found that the major benefits of preventive maintenance include increased customer satisfaction, improved pavement condition and ride quality, safer roads, and lower life-cycle costs. Michigan, meanwhile, has set specific goals aimed at "keeping good roads good" through the use of preventive maintenance. The Department of Transportation (DOT) has set a target of having 95 percent of its expressways and 85 percent of its non-expressways in fair to good condition by 2007. The agency estimates that it has saved more than $700 million since 1992 by implementing a preventive maintenance program. Preventive maintenance also continues to be a top priority in California. The California DOT has dedicated $250 million to fund a series of preventive maintenance strategies, nonconventional asphalt concrete treatments, and pavement warranties. The intent of the warranty is to guarantee the pavement's service life and prevent typical failures that may occur in the first year after construction.
The Items in the Toolbox Include:
To date, the Toolboxes have been distributed at several State pavement preservation seminars. Copies will also be available at the National Pavement Preservation Forum II conference, scheduled for November 6-8, 2001, in San Diego, California. For information on obtaining copies, contact:
Bill Ballou, Koch Materials Company
To learn more about pavement preservation, contact your local FHWA division office or Steve Mueller*, System Preservation Engineer, at telephone: 202-366-1557; fax: 202-366-9981; email: firstname.lastname@example.org.
*April 2005 Update: The contact at FHWA's Office of Asset Management is Tom Deddens, 202-366-1557, email: email@example.com.
PDF files can be viewed with the Acrobat® Reader®
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|"He wasn't in Great Wizards of the Twentieth Century, or Notable Magical Names of Our Time [...]"
The subject of this article does not meet our notability standards. Although it is based on canonical/valid information, it was suggested it does not merit its own article and, as such, is to be either deleted or merged with similar articles.
If you disagree with either of these actions, please explain why at Category talk:Non-notable articles or improve the page and remove this tag.
|"Are you a wizard or not?"
The title of this article is conjectural. Although it is based on canonical information, the actual name is conjecture and may be supplanted at any time by additional information released from canonical sources. If this occurs, please move this page to the appropriate title.
Brown (two), blonde (one)
These three girls were witches and students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. They were seen studying and poring over books while stood by the statue of the first Headmaster of Hogwarts. Sir Nicholas de Mimsy-Porpington then passed them, and they looked up briefly before returning to their reading. Percy Weasley and Penelope Clearwater then passed them as well.
- Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (film) (First appearance)
Notes and referencesEdit
- ↑ They were at least first years, as they were at Hogwarts.
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|Back in the spring, Clint reminded us about the importance of reading – and understanding – the texts necessary to progress within the Academie Duello ranks. Further, as an Instructor, he also reminded us of the importance to read, and possibly re-read the required texts whenever we have new experiences or knowledge. Reading should not be a ‘cramming’ effort undertaken just before an assessment.
As WMA/HEMA students, we should look forward to more study and discussions about our chosen art form – and would benefit from reading most any of the wealth of books detailing the history, technology and techniques of historical sword play.
The swordplay initiate can build a satisfactory reference library with naught but three books; a history of swords and their use; a ‘tech manual’ featuring different blades as used through history; and a ‘fight book’ – a nitty-gritty, how-to manual describing the discipline or period of your choice. Once you’ve digested the low-hanging fruit of each of these, you will be able to discuss intelligently with your peers the common elements of your craft, avoid the faux pas of quoting sword myths and fallacies, and generally have the academic background necessary to make the most of your practical in-salle lessons – to say nothing of the inevitable beer call afterwards.
But as with everything WMA/HEMA/sword-related: do your homework before hand. When investing precious personal time in a book; consider who’s writing it, what are their qualifications – and they’re writing for what reason and from what point-of-view (or even prejudice)? Before selecting an ‘authority’ to initially guide your further book studies – check around to see what others ‘in the field’ are saying about the book.
To wit: my favourite ‘history of sword fighting’ book to demonstrate the minefield that is sword-related history is Richard Cohen’s “By the Sword: A History of Gladiators, Musketeers, Samurai, Swashbucklers, and Olympic Champions” 2002.
Reviewers of the book range from various degrees of support; such as the Australian Army Journal and ‘fencer’ the blogger; some ‘neutral’/professional reviews by London UK newspapers such as The Guardian (both in 2002 and 2003), The Observer and The Independent; and we finish with comments by one of our own (http://www.sword-manufacturers-guide.com/by-the-sword.html).
Notwithstanding the Scottish fencing master Sir William Hope*, well written books are effective (and often entertaining) tools with which to better understand the weapons, Guards, Cuts, Thrusts, Parries and customs of honour that We practice in the salle.
Choose your three carefully … I may want to borrow one!
* “Sir William Hope, with Scottish candour, certainly warns those who buy or borrow his ‘Scots Fencing Master (1687)’ that they can learn little from books except what he calls scathingly the ‘contemptible ability of posing as expert swordsmen’, and he is unique among his colleagues in confessing to scepticism about the virtue of the written word.”
Aylward, J.D. The Small-Sword in England. Hutchinson & Co., London, UK. 1960 p. 126
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Ready To Work
Monte and Stoney Jones use cow work and performance- horse maneuvers to produce versatile ranch horses. Here, they outline the five skills every ranch horse must have, and tips to achieve them when starting your colt.
Monte Jones and his son, Stoney, have spent most of their lives horseback. While working on several West Texas outfits, they’ve become known for their low-stress approach to starting ranch- and working-cow horses.
Monte got his start more than 40 years ago, day-working with his uncle on a ranch in Stonewall County, near Aspermont. At the time, sound horsemanship principles weren’t emphasized as much as they are today.“I came from the old school, where you didn’t take time to supple a horse,” Monte says. “You just pulled him around and used him as a slave. You could get a horse broke that way, but he sure wasn’t light in the bridle by today’s standards, and it didn’t always make the horse like his job.”
Through the years, Monte realized that by taking time to supple and gradually expose a horse to different elements, he could get the horse working faster and more willingly than if he forced the animal to do something. This is the training philosophy Monte instilled in Stoney, who was riding with his dad by age 4 and doing a full day’s work by age 8.
“Stoney and I believe in taking a lot of time with our horses, letting them learn from their mistakes,” Monte says. “We don’t like to force horses to do anything. We’d rather ease them into things slowly, so in the end they’ll be more correct and solid than if we rushed them.”
This contemporary cowboy horsemanship philosophy has helped the Joneses produce handy horses that excel on the ranch as well as in cutting and ranch-horse versatility competition.
In 2000, Monte was the Ranch Horse Association of America year-end world champion, and the next year he trained the RHAA reserve world champion horse. Both years he had the high-money-earning senior horse.
Stoney’s proficiency with a rope and at the reins has earned him two top-hand and top-horse titles at the Working Ranch Cowboys Association’s World Championship Ranch Rodeo, as well as RHAA money.
For the past seven years, Monte has been semi-retired from cowboying, which has allowed him to focus on breeding and training horses at his Jones Horse Training facility in Old Glory, Texas, where he lives with his wife, Carla. Stoney helped with the training operation until he became a full-time ranch hand at Tongue River Ranch in Guthrie, Texas. There, he and his wife, Sammie, are raising their three young cowboys, Casen, age 5, and 7-year-old twins Cutter and Cooper.
Stoney starts Tongue River’s horses and campaigns them in American Quarter Horse Association, Ranch Cutting Horse Association, RHAA and WRCA competition.
Here, the Joneses discuss the five skills they find most valuable in a ranch horse, and explain how they teach a horse to develop these abilities. Keep in mind, it’s hard to find a horse that can do all of the maneuvers, but if you have a horse with athletic ability, cow sense and a calm demeanor, it just takes time and patience to make his strengths shine.
Skill #1: Flexion
Starting a young horse can be a test of patience, but the Joneses take things one step at a time to prevent unraveling the horse’s mind. They see colt-starting as a challenge, and the reward is seeing how far they can take their horses.
The horsemen start colts as 2-year-olds, riding them lightly and slowly in snaffle bits.
“We try not to scare them or put more on them than they can take,” Stoney says. “We focus on one thing at a time and introduce it slowly. Slow work keeps the horse’s mind on you. If you throw too much at a horse too soon, you’ll push him too hard and blow up his mind.”
The cowboys begin the colt-starting process with suppling exercises to develop a horse’s flexibility, which provides the foundation for all other maneuvers and encourages a horse to be “light in the bridle,” or responsive to soft cues.
With that end in mind, the Joneses recommend a simple system of pressure and release to flex a horse to each side and at the poll. At a standstill, with both hands on the reins, pick up the left rein to saddle-horn level and lay it against your horse’s neck, applying pressure toward the withers. When the horse brings his nose to the left, release the pressure as a reward. Then repeat the drill, asking the horse to give a little more each time, until he brings his nose toward your knee. At this point, adjust the cues and perform the exercise on the horse’s right side.
“Most horses are stiffer to one side than the other,” Monte says. “You just have to work more on the stiff side, but be sure to reward the horse with a release when he gives to the pressure [so he associates yielding to the pressure with the release].”
It’s also important to give the horse a break after a few repetitions so he doesn’t get frustrated and start bracing against the pressure.
Once the horse flexes side to side while standing still, add forward motion and begin working on poll flexion, also known as vertical flexion. As the horse walks, make light contact with both sides of the bit, while driving the horse forward with your legs. At first, the horse will bob his head slightly in response to the pressure. When he does, release the pressure and allow him to walk on a loose rein.
Each time you make contact with the bit, hold the pressure a little firmer and longer, asking the horse to gradually lower his head and tuck his nose toward his chest. Whenever the horse softens to the pressure, reward him with release. Before long, the horse will flex at the poll in response to light pressure.
“All of this takes time,” Monte says. “But developing your horse’s flexibility gets him broke more quickly than if you just get on and start pulling him wherever you want to go.”
Skill #2: Circles
Once a horse starts bending and following his nose, you can start riding circles, using inside leg pressure to arc the horse’s ribcage.
“Riding circles helps keep a horse light and listening to you,” Stoney explains. “We don’t want a horse scared, but we want him to be ready to work when we ask him to do something.”
While walking a circle to the left, keep your inside leg against your horse’s side, which moves his ribcage and hips to the outside of the circle.
Apply just enough inside rein pressure that you can see the horse’s inside eye.
As the horse starts to respect the cues, ask him to arc his body a little more on the circle with light rein and leg pressure. This comes in handy when you start showing a young horse.
“When you take a young horse to town, he sometimes gets distracted and looks around the arena,” Monte says. “But if you’ve done your homework, you can cue him to get him collected and focused on you.”
The Joneses begin and end each ride walking their horses.
“I don’t believe in getting on a horse, loping him for a while, then getting off,” Monte says. “I want a horse to be able to trot, lope, then drop to a loose-rein walk at the end of the session.”
To keep things fresh, vary the circle size and the speed at which you work the horse. The more energetic the horse, the smaller the Joneses advise making the circle and the more contact you should have with the horse. That way, you can quickly establish control of the horse if he becomes aggressive. As the horse relaxes, increase the circle’s diameter and loosen the rein contact.
Stoney also advises adding a degree of difficulty to the circling routine by riding in figure eights, saying doing so is a good way to practice lead changes.
“Our main goal is to ride at any speed on a loose rein,” Monte says. “I’ve had people ask me how we get our horses to move on such a loose rein, and I tell them it’s something we practice all the time, whether we’re riding in the arena or doing ranch work.”
When the cowboys are day-working, they just ride, have fun and do their jobs, saving their training for the practice pen at home. This keeps their horses fresh and willing to work wherever they’re ridden.
A rollback makes pen and fence work more efficient, and it’s a critical maneuver in ranch-horse competition. Furthermore, it’s the precursor to a turnaround, one of the hardest maneuvers to teach a horse correctly.
“Old-timers used to tell me that a horse didn’t need to know how to turn around to watch a cow,” Monte recalls. “They’re right, but if you want a broke horse, one that can do anything you ask of him and move in a moment’s notice, he needs to know how to do it all. That’s the kind of horse I want.”
To teach a horse to roll back over his hindquarters, take him into an arena, large round pen or a soft, level spot in the pasture. Establish a long trot. As the horse moves straight and consistently, sit deeply and apply backward rein pressure, asking him to stop. Then, back him a couple of steps to set his inside hind pivot foot. Immediately apply inside leg and rein pressure to turn him and drive him forward out of the turn.
Once your horse can perform a fluid rollback, return to riding the horse on circles, gradually spiraling into a turnaround or spin.
“If you tip the horse’s nose to the inside and hold his hip in place, he’ll start to plant his pivot foot,” Stoney explains. “Start with a quarter-circle spin, then advance to three-quarters and a full spin.”
Skill #4: Stops
Of all the maneuvers the Joneses teach a horse, stopping is the most important for control.
“If a horse can’t stop, he can’t do anything,” Monte says. “If you’re going to rope, work a cow, or do anything else with the horse, he must know how to stop.”
Before a horse can stop, however, he must respect your rein and leg aids, and be flexible through the poll.
“I like a horse that will lower his head get behind the bridle and really drive his hocks under his body when he stops,” Monte explains. “And do it without me having to pull on the reins.”
To achieve such softness requires consistent training in and out of the round pen and arena. The Joneses incorporate stopping into every aspect of training, as well as when working cattle.
Their basic cues are applying backward pressure on the reins and sitting down in the saddle, signaling the horse to stop. When the horse halts, ask him to back a couple of steps to keep his weight on his hindquarters.
As the horse becomes more responsive to the cues, begin asking for faster and better stops, building to a sliding stop.
“We like a horse to have stopping on his mind,” Stoney explains. “He has to stop if you’re turning back or roping a cow. You can make up for a lack of cow sense if your horse handles well.”
When the Joneses are ready to start a colt on a cow, they track a slow cow around the pen in 30-minute sessions for a couple of days. To move the cow forward, they ride toward the animal’s hip or head. Next, they ride beside the cow and allow the horse to set up and stop it. Then they step toward the hip or head again to send the cow forward.
“I like to keep the horse a couple of feet behind the cow to develop his confidence,” Monte says. “Wherever the cow goes, I guide the horse. As the horse starts to follow the cow on his own, I move closer.”
When the horse is tracking the cow at a walk, vary the speed at which you track the cow to keep your horse’s attention. You can also swing your rope to accustom the horse to the rope’s sight and sound.
“We take our colts to brandings, where we heel a few calves at a time, giving the horses a break from the round pen,” Stoney explains.
“Horsemanship plays a big part of working cattle in the branding pen. Things happen a lot faster, and you must be able to control your horse and know when to give him a break so he doesn’t get tired of it.”
Stoney emphasizes the importance of working a horse slowly, selecting the smallest calves and taking time to get the horse into position to rope the calves without stressing the horse. The horseman adds that if your horse becomes nervous, dull or resistant, it’s a sign that he needs a break.
After about three weeks of riding, the Joneses introduce their prospects to the mechanical cow. The benefit of using a mechanical versus a live animal when starting a colt is that you have complete control of the cow’s movement and can adjust the speed and difficulty as your horse builds confidence.
“Even if the horse doesn’t have a lot of cow, a mechanical cow can help him learn to lock on to the cow—it’ll just take a little more time [than if the horse has a lot of cow sense],” Monte says. “Working a mechanical cow also gives you a reason to stop and turn your horse beyond dry work.”
In the beginning, set the mechanical cow on the slowest setting, allowing your horse to gain confidence stopping and turning with the cow. As the horse learns to work the cow on his own, with little to no cues, you can speed up the action, challenging the horse and keeping his attention.
Both Stoney and Monte agree that a big part of being a horseman is knowing how much pressure to put on a horse and when to do it.
“We don’t work the horse too long on the dummy,” Stoney says. “Whenever a horse makes a few good turns, we quit and do something else for a while, and come back to it. If you work too much on the mechanical cow or ask for too much too soon, your horse loses interest. Whatever we’re doing with our horses, we try to keep them willing and liking their jobs.
“These days, many horses are asked to do too much too soon, and that’s how you blow up a young horse. That’s why it’s important to be slow and consistent in your training.”
Jennifer Denison is a Western Horseman senior editor. Send comments on this story to firstname.lastname@example.org.
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Ted Walski: (603) 352-9669
Jane Vachon: (603) 271-3211
April 30, 2012
Wild Turkey Winter Flock Survey Results In
CONCORD, N.H. – Results are in from the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department's fourth annual wild turkey winter flock survey, in which the public participates by reporting their turkey flock sightings online. Wild turkey watchers submitted their observations from January 1 through March 31, 2012. During that time, people reported seeing 1,180 wild turkey flocks across the state, representing a total of 20,295 individual turkeys. This was down a bit from last year's winter flock survey (2011), in which observers recorded 1,497 flocks and 27,521 turkeys.
Fewer sightings does not mean we have fewer turkeys in the state, explains Fish and Game Wildlife Biologist Ted Walski. He estimates New Hampshire's turkey population as holding steady at about 40,000 birds. The most likely reason for why fewer turkey flocks were reported was because the 2011-2012 winter was one of the mildest the state has seen in over 40 years. The lack of snow cover this winter allowed turkeys to move around more easily. In addition, an abundant fall mast crop of acorns, beechnuts, apples, white ash seeds and various other seeds and fruits, encouraged turkeys to stay in the woods and feed on natural foods rather than congregating at birdfeeders and farm sites. This also explains why large flocks of 100 or more were not as common this year. Most flocks observed were in the range of 20 to 30 turkeys.
Southeastern New Hampshire, particularly in Rockingham and Hillsborough counties,
produced the most flock reports and the highest total turkey count. Observers in the region reported a total of 923 flocks and 15,611 turkeys. This part of the state included all 23 towns with the most flocks of turkeys reported per town, and the most total turkeys per town.
As expected, people in northern New Hampshire saw fewer turkeys. Observers reported a total of 23 flocks of turkeys from 13 towns in Coos County, for a total of 331 turkeys, and an average of 14.4 turkeys per flock. This was not surprising in an area with a small human population, as well as a low turkey population.
In their reports, observers recorded whether the turkeys were feeding, the type of food the birds were eating, and the type of habitat they were seen in. Of the total flocks observed, about a third (359 flocks) were using birdfeeders, and most of these flocks were in southeastern New Hampshire. Other types of food usage recorded included corn in ensilage or livestock manure, apples or crabapples, acorns or beechnuts, birdseed at birdfeeders, grasses/greens and dried berries. As for habitat, 72% (851 flocks) were spotted in rural areas, 26% in suburban settings, and 2% were seen in urban areas.
"Many thanks to all the people throughout the state who took time to contribute their wild turkey flock observations during the winter of 2012," said Walski. "All these reports contribute greatly to a more comprehensive knowledge of the yearly status of behavior, habitat use, food usage, abundance and distribution of wild turkeys throughout various regions of the state."
This year's winter flock survey included a new section, done in cooperation with the University of New Hampshire, intended to help assess public attitudes about wild turkeys in the state. Preliminary results are encouraging. About 15% of all survey participants completed the optional human dimensions survey. Nearly all respondents (about 98%) indicated they participated in the survey to help agency biologists manage the wild turkey population; they enjoyed observing turkeys; and they felt turkeys contribute to New Hampshire’s quality of life. The optional survey will continue this summer as part of Fish and Game's online Turkey Brood Survey.
Data from the winter and summer human dimensions surveys will be compiled and analyzed as part of a Masters of Science project to assess public attitudes and interest in monitoring wild turkeys and to provide Fish and Game biologists with information that will enhance their ability to recruit and retain "citizen scientists."
"The combined use of biological and human dimensions surveys will aid both turkey management and promote public participation in wildlife management overall," said Allison Keating, a Fish and Game program planner and the UNH graduate student coordinating the research.
To read the full report on the 2012 winter flock survey, visit www.wildnh.com/turkeysurvey.
In addition to the winter flock survey, N.H. Fish and Game conducts a spring/summer turkey brood survey in which the public is invited to report sightings of New Hampshire flocks that include hens with young turkeys from May 15 to August 31 each year. Watch www.wildnh.com for information on this and other citizen science opportunities.
Turkey management in New Hampshire is supported by license fees and federal funds from the Wildlife Restoration Program.
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The link between Tanzania and Somerset County has never seemed all that great, but Cory Rodgers — recently named a Rhodes Scholar — is learning no part of the world is too far away to avoid having an impact on another.
The 22-year-old Somerset native's passion is medicine on a global scale. The University of Pittsburgh student was in Africa this summer when he learned of his nomination for the prestigious scholarship, but that's not really the impact connection he has discovered.
"There was an interconnectedness to everything in the impact that people have on each other," he said. Everyone has an impact on everybody," he said.
For Rodgers, that was a rare moment of generalization in a conversation filled with immediate and specific goals that he is trying to reach with degrees in biological sciences, history and philosophy of science and African studies and with a minor in chemistry.
The sense is that in his travels — which have included Mongolia, China, Siberia, Kenya and Canada — that his life, and most others, are changed first at the individual level and then the positive effects spread outward into the larger community in ever-widening ripples.
In his case, teachers Amy Svonavec and Carolyn Rascona had a profound effect on how he viewed his high school education. "I can't give them enough credit for how they pushed me and encouraged me to look at something much bigger for my career," he said.
He had already leaning toward a medical career thanks to growing up with family in the industry. His grandmother Rose Rodgers was a nurse and his mother Lisa pursued physical therapy. His father Jeffrey was also very supportive of a medical career, he said.
The next step in narrowing his career choice and seeing patterns in relationships with medicine came when he went to Mongolia in 2009 as part of a Pitt program. "At that time I was very broad-based. You get an appreciation what people go through in other countries when it comes to basic medicine."
What he saw was that the fall of Soviet Russia left a vacuum in the organized health system. There was a modern hospital and yet much of the local health care was provided through local temples and healers.
However, there was a culture where both groups embraced each other. "The local healers recommended hospital care in some cases. They really worked at complementary health care practices," he said.
"I came back and I knew I didn't want to go to medical school and be a doctor in a hospital. I can see myself taking on a leadership role in the World Health Organization or a group like that at some point down the road," he said.
Rodgers was one of 32 American students selected to represent the United States in the prestigious program, which sends students from around the world to England's Oxford University.
He plans to plans to pursue a master's degrees in medical anthropology and in migration studies at Oxford.
When he went Africa for the first time in 2010, he found a story very different from the one in Mongolia.
There, local healers often kept people from pursuing hospital care when they needed it, or the local tribes shunned the health care system from a cultural standpoint or because they were too poor to afford to go, he said.
He proceeded to apply for and become a winner of the Samuel Huntingdon Public Service Award in 2011, which led him to Dar es Salaam, the largest city in Tanzania.
There, he is working with local groups to bring a health program to HIV-impacted communities based on improving water and agricultural resources.
He is working in one of the city's densely-populated slums to bring a sustainable program of urban agriculture, that might be incorporated into a larger model if he is successful.
"The challenge is intense, but I'm working with groups of very dedicated people," he said.
They will be teaching people to grow high-nutritional value crops like sorghum — versus the less nutritious mainstay corn — in small plots lined with canvas bags.
The thought is that those with HIV and undergoing treatment might see significant health benefits with diet improvement. The plots also give those who have the disease a job and recognizable role within a community that often shuns them, he said.
"You empower them and you allow them to build a sense of community with others," he said. "That builds from there."
That program will likely end in June. He is leaving Monday for the continent after coming back for the Rhodes Scholar process.
"I know that no matter what happens, I want to follow up on this program. This isn't something along the way," he said.
Rhodes Scholar seeking role in world health
Rhodes Scholar Cory Rodgers (Submitted photo)
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- Places to Explore
- Travel Tips
- Fodor's Choice
One of the Amazon's best-kept secrets is a two-hour drive north of Manaus. The town of Presidente Figueiredo (founded 1981) has dozens of waterfalls—up to 32 meters (140 feet) in height—and caves with prehistoric paintings and pottery fragments. The area was stumbled on during the construction of BR 174, the only highway that takes you out of the state (to Roraima and on to Venezuela), and was ultimately discovered by explorers looking for minerals, who had based themselves in Presidente Figueiredo. The area is excellent for swimming in black-water streams and hiking through upland forest. The town has several hotels and restaurants, and there's a hydropower plant and reservoir and an archaeology museum in the area. The Centro de Proteção de Quelonias e Mamiferos Aquaticos (Center for the Protection of Turtles and Aquatic Mammals) is in Balbina, 82 km (51 mi) north of town. Get cash in Manaus because there are only two banks here, and they do not always accept international cards.
Elsewhere in The Amazon
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A condition called Zenker’s diverticulum is yet another cause of bad breath. A diverticulum is a small pouch, and with this condition, the pouch sticks out from the back of the throat and adjacent part of the esophagus. It usually forms later in life, and the affected people usually complain about food sticking in their throats. Usually, the food is stuck in the pouch, and is actually undergoing digestion there. Sometimes, the partially digested food is regurgitated back into the mouth, thus causing halitosis. Furthermore, the sufferers of this condition may have coughing and choking as symptoms.
Surgery can be performed in order to fix this problem, and this can be done by making small incisions, and the pouch can be removed with special instruments and a scope. Sometimes the pouch can be removed without any incision, and the scope being sent down the throat.
Keep in mind, though, Zenker’s diverticulum is rare, and halitosis is common.
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The black line indicates the location of Centre Avenue
Centre Ave is a busy street that is one of several main thoroughfares in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It stretches from Sixth Avenue near the Allegheny County Courthouse to East Liberty.
Because of redevelopments to areas at both ends of Centre Avenue, the street is now somewhat shorter than it had been in 1970. At its downtown end, it now ends at Sixth Avenue. It lost about 500 feet (160 m) when the old Plaza building was razed and the "T" (subway) was built. At its other terminus, it was shortened by about 1000 feet (320 m) when East Liberty was re-designed and Penn Circle South produced. Charts produced prior to 1970 were drawn with Centre Avenue longer than its current length.
External links
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_Avenue_(Pittsburgh)
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Accurate feedstock selection and planning are critical to profitability
Linear programming plays a vital role for ethylene producer
Since 2008, the global economic crisis has had a profound impact on the petrochemicals market globally, resulting in a significant drop in demand and prices. In response, producers reduced production and are looking for ways to manage with very thin margins. These market conditions have made it critical to optimize the mix of raw materials, plant operations and product slate to determine the best course of action. Efforts now imply a renewed focus on the planning process and supporting tools to enable more rapid analysis and decision-making. Improvements in this core process can have a tremendous impact on business performance and profitability.
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Company: Discovery Systems
onViz is intended to create interactive multimedia applications with online connectivity and QuickTime multimedia support. Although this is a Mac-only product, you can create self-contained applications to run on both Macs (Mac OS 8.6 through to 9.2, with OS X support coming soon) and Windows machines (Windows 95 through XP). The onViz applications you create are standalone, self-contained files. No additional files or plug-ins are required. Common applications are kiosk-based information points, linear educational and entertainment programs, tests, presentation and research aids, and so on. Each application is built using a hierarchical tree of program blocks, or ‘States’. The interface consists in the main of a project window called the Application Map. There are the States that make up and control the application; the Paths that connect the States together; and a Floating Menu Bar from which the States are dragged to the Application Map. Each State has two or more parts. The top, or InfoCenter, is the access point to set up its functions. The lower parts are the Presentation areas, where the user can define appearance and multimedia elements. Input, Flow, and Output States provide the means to capture information, manage its traffic through the application, and present the user with a result using graphics, sound, or text. Graphics can be created (or imported and edited) in the image editor. This features a target screen overlay to define the bounds of the presentation, and basic vector- and bitmap-editing tools. Images created by or imported into the editor are stored in the image library, from which they can be accessed by consequent stages of the application. There are two things that set onViz apart from the rest. First, there’s portability. The software has two methods for setting up top-level applications: single-file or multiple-file. A single-file application has the advantage of having all of its media assets, such as images, sounds, fonts, and movie clips in an integrated container. A multiple-file application has its media assets contained within a hierarchy of support folders. A common library of media assets is shared by the different parts of the application, rather than each having its own. By automatically saving the assets to these folders during development, the onViz author has full access to the source files when they’re needed for changes and updates. For example, you would only need to change a corporate logo once for it to be updated automatically throughout the target application. Another benefit is that the image, video, sound, and graphics files can be held in common for both Mac and Windows deployments. You don’t need to have all your media assets in one basket either, as onViz can draw multimedia components into the application from outside sources such as a CD, a file-server, or via the Internet. The second advantage is connectivity. The onViz-authored application can launch other programs automatically, or in response to user interaction. This includes firing up Web browsers and email clients from any point in the application. Authors can designate an email subject and the message it will contain, and the Send Email State includes an option to attach a report at regular intervals. The Show Web Page State can open a URL in the browser, and designate a timeout option in the InfoCenter to return to the application. Other Gadget States add Print Options, Report Saving Options, and Bookmarking. There are also States for cursor customization, timing, sound and display preferences, and a Restart Application setting (to ensure that each user sees the presentation from the start). Multimedia and animation support are also important features. The multimedia States – Play Sound, Play Movie, and Overlay Image – have the added benefit of incorporating QuickTime media into the target application. For animation, onViz re-uses the media in the Image Library to create sprites, assigning attributes and mouse actions via the Sprite Attributes Palette. Working with two is the Frame Control Palette, which sets animation controls and frame properties such as transitions and time delays. The courseware angle hasn’t been ignored either, with eight different question-&-answer modes, including text and numeric input; multiple choice input with one or several answers correct; correct answer sequence; and scan for keyword inputs. The software can use draggable sprites, where the user can drag-&-drop an object into a ‘hot’ area to determine the correct answer. The application can be as big and as complex as you need. Conditional branching supports evaluating up to 64 different conditions on a single branch, while the Group State function acts as a container within the larger application, holding a complete ‘mini’ Application Map. This cuts down on complexity. However, the interface seems a little primitive, and the process of building applications isn’t the most intuitive (especially as the documentation has incomplete sections and ‘TBA’ markers all over the place). You can start off confused, but once you have the hang of it, onViz does have a simple logic. What is annoying, though, is the clunkiness of the Application Map. Every deletion during the application-building process is greeted with a warning, and there’s no way to turn it off. The Path connection isn’t as good as the company claims, either – I had errors several times because the connections between States just hadn’t matched up. Also, the support for QuickTime is welcome, but the Image Editor has limited support for many graphics formats beyond JPEG and PICT. All things considered, this first version of onViz seems like a useful alternative to Director and Authorware – but you can’t help feeling that it should have remained in beta until a bit more polish was applied.
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http://www.digitalartsonline.co.uk/reviews/creative-software/onviz/
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| 0.935585
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| 1.84375
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24 May 2010 | EN
The fund could speed up drug development for neglected diseases such as the guinea worm.
CDC PHIL 8235
A fund to help speed drug development for neglected diseases and ensure that resulting drugs are affordable to the poor was proposed alongside the WHO annual assembly in Geneva last week (17-21 May).
The fund — proposed by a consortium of industry and non-governmental organisations — would support product development partnerships (PDPs) between donors, researchers and pharmaceutical companies, to prevent promising research from "languishing on the shelf".
In 2008, one-fifth of the money spent on neglected disease research went through these business-like, donor-financed PDPs. But a "fresh cash injection" is needed to ensure research can progress through to product development.
"Without substantial new funding, projects will stall," said Paul Herrling, head of the Novartis Institutes for Developing World Medical Research.
The proposed 'PDP+ Fund' would be a "one-stop-shop for donors". It would coordinate project funding of different PDPs and seek innovative financing schemes to fund research and clinical trials.
All SciDev.Net material is free to reproduce providing that the source and author are appropriately credited. For further details see Creative Commons.
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http://www.scidev.net/en/health/news/cash-injection-for-neglected-disease-research-proposed.html
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Mumbai, Jan. 23 -- Vehicle owners may need to shell out 'congestion charges' to drive during peak hours, if a proposal by the urban development (UD) ministry is accepted by state governments.
Modelled on similar rules in London and Singapore, the ministry is considering introducing these charges in a bid to de-congest some of the busiest central business areas across cities,
In London for instance, a congestion charge is imposed in a 20-square km area around the city centre using automatic number plate-recognition cameras at 348 entry sites. Vehicle owners entering the charging zone can either pay online through mobile phones or at specific stores.
Sudhir Krishna, UD secretary had written to all the state chief secretaries to "consider adapting congestion charging system as a measure to decongest central business districts" as well as to "control pollution."
The ministry has asked states to identify the most congested areas in their cities and get a study done on various aspects of the congestion charges as per the requirement.
The technical aspects, such as the amount to be charged and where to charge it, have to be worked out by the state governments as transport is a state subject. "To start with, we may have the manual permit/coupon system as was done in Singapore when it was first introduced," Krishsna's January 15 letter to chief secretaries.
But the ministry feels that the "most desirable and effective way" would be online payment /SMS/ prepaid payment based on vehicle identification through cameras or boxes installed in cars.
Published by HT Syndication with permission from Hindustan Times.
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A sport for only the toughest of athletes, Olympic weightlifting requires power, technique, flexibility and consistency. Although weightlifting is a full-body activity, a lifter's strength comes primarily from the legs, followed by the back and shoulders. However, weightlifters do not need to be heavy; they compete against each other in one of eight (one of seven for women) weight classes.
Rules of the Game
This individual sport consists of two lifts: "the snatch" and "the clean and jerk." In both lifts, competitors begin with a weighted barbell on the floor and end with it held steady over their head, with their arms and legs straight and motionless. For the snatch, a lifter must raise the barbell overhead from the floor in one continuous motion as quickly as possible. In the clean and jerk, the barbell is brought from the floor to the lifter's chest. Rapidly pushing the bar up and straightening the arms completes the lift.
In competition, three judges independently determine the successfulness of a lift. A judge shows a white light to signal success, while an unsuccessful lift is indicated with a red light. Two white lights are required for a lift to be named successful.
The athletes are allowed to do each lift three times, at a weight of their choice. Out of these three attempts, the highest score is used. Once the highest value has been determined for each lift, the total weight lifted in the snatch is added to the total weight lifted in the clean and jerk. The competitor who hoisted the highest combined weight is the winner.
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Most OS X apps have a small "Fonts" window that pops up if you want to change your font's options, but by default, it doesn't show you what each font actually looks like. Here's how to show a preview of every font with one click.
This may be one of the most annoyingly hidden Mac features out there, but when you open up the font window, you should see a small dot under the title bar. Click it, drag it down, and you'll get a full preview of whatever font you've chosen, complete with the size, typeface, and other settings you've chosen. Why this isn't on by default we'll never know, but apparently it's been hidden there for years.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://lifehacker.com/5937588/preview-fonts-with-one-click-in-the-os-x-font-window?tag=mac-os-x
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A first-ever presidential Twitter town hall with President Barack Obama kept questions from Twitter users focused to jobs and the economy, avoiding the many questions on the wars, foreign policy and civil liberties issues that have primarily been created because of legislation and policies deemed necessary to prosecute a “war on terrorism.”
The questions touched on: mistakes made during the recession, being realistic on job creation, rising cost of higher education, issuing an executive order to raise the debt ceiling, the possible creation of a startup visa program for immigrant entrepreneurs, promoting alternative energy especially in oil states like Louisiana and Texas, protecting collective bargaining rights and stalling the onslaught from state legislatures around the country, helping homeowners who just can’t sell their homes, jobs, growing small business, tax breaks for honorably discharged veterans, changing the tax system to address the deficit, using the free market to help homeowners, privatizing education, tax cuts, space exploration, welfare programs and, very briefly, defense contracting and the war on drugs.
One can make the argument that this was to be on jobs and the economy and not civil liberties or the wars or foreign policy. But, job creation and the economy is dependent on the wars and the costly foreign policy, which the Obama Administration continues. Also, there are economic questions that can be asked, which touch on civil liberties issues in America.
Here are questions the ACLU asked (none of them were picked up by the curators of the event):
How are you fighting for #fairpay for women after the Wal-Mart v Dukes #SCOTUS decision? #askobama #walmartwmn
Should seriously ill people have safe/reliable access to their medicine w/o the fear of federal prosecution of their suppliers? #AskObama
Should seriously ill people have safe/reliable access to their DoD policy bars health coverage for abortion when servicewomen are raped. Do you support the MARCH Act to offer them full care? #AskObama
Should sick people have to choose between the most effective medicine to treat their illness and keeping their jobs? #AskObama
What is your administration going to do to stem the tide of discriminatory, anti-immigrant laws coming out of state legislatures? #AskObama
R U ready 2 place people’s health before politics by saying no to prosecuting people for complying with state med marijuana laws? #AskObama
Our govt provides insurance coverage for abortion for rape survivors to most federal employees, but not military women. Why? #AskObama
Why is your administration insisting on prosecuting those who cultivate/distribute medical marijuana for sick people? #AskObama
Even extreme antichoice bills like HR 3 included exceptions for rape. Why won’t the DoD extend equal protections to servicewomen? #AskObama
If those who cultivate/distribute marijuana in compliance w/state law can B prosecuted, where shld #MMJ patients get medicine? #AskObama
There were a number of questions on the wars and how they have impacted job creation and the economy from Twitter users. A number of users asking about US foreign policy and why we continue to try to be the world’s policeman. Additionally, there were many users asking about civil liberties as they might pertain to the economy but the curators selected none of these questions. [*I compiled a Chirpstory, which shows these questions were asked by users.]
Why did it seem like wars, foreign policy and civil liberties issues were taboo during this town hall on jobs and the economy?
A “Topic Tracker” image indicates curators were likely monitoring talk on jobs, the budget, taxes, education and housing. It seems likely the curators were tracking those four keywords and finding any questions that had those keywords in the #askObama stream. This is what they were likely doing throughout the event.
However, the moderator of the event, Twitter co-founder Jack Dorsey, asked a few questions that dealt with general or other issues. How were those selected?
If we go by the image and assume it is generally accurate, at one point during the town hall 26% of the tweets were on jobs, 19% were on the budget, 16% were on taxes, 9% on education and 6% were on housing. Add those numbers up and you get a grand total of 76%. That leaves 24% of the tweets unaccounted for and it leaves open the possibility that there could have been more questions on these wars, foreign policy or civil liberties than housing, education or even taxes.
The avoidance of questions on decriminalization of marijuana and questions on the federal government’s role in states as they move to legalize and regulate the medical marijuana industry was very telling. Just after the Justice Department issued a Cole memo offering guidance to states on medical marijuana and federal prosecutions, there is reason to be concerned that the federal government might subvert the will of voters, who have supported state measures to decriminalize and/or legalize the drug. Additionally, members of Congress like Rep. Jared Polis have drawn attention to how medical marijuana can help a state’s economy like it has in his home state of Colorado.
Back in March 2009, the White House hosted an online town hall meeting. Then, as with the Twitter town hall, questions were grouped by topic (education, home ownership, health care reform and the budget). ABC News noted then that many of the questions had to do with marijuana and whether it was time to decriminalize the drug.
Obama, when noting that questions on marijuana were ranked fairly high with over three million wanting him to address the issue, he joked, “I don’t know what that says about the online audience.” Following his petulant quip, he said he didn’t think decriminalizing the drug would be a good way to grow the economy.
President Obama’s evolution on the issue appears to have worsened from being willing to churlishly address the issue to being unwilling to entertain the notion of legalization helping state economies at all.
The Eisenhower Research Project based at Brown University released a study showing the cost of war in Afghanistan, Iraq and Pakistan has cost up to $4 trillion. Notice that doesn’t include any figures on the cost of war in Libya so far or figures on the cost of military operations in Yemen, Somalia or Colombia.
Any serious discussion on jobs and the economy should have honed in on the connection between job creation (or the lack thereof) and the wars and the connection between US foreign policy and the health of the economy and the growing national debt. However, those tweets seem to have been something the president didn’t want to discuss.
But, not even key women’s rights issues like fair pay for women and a woman’s right to an abortion were raised during the town hall event. (There was time, however, to let Speaker Boehner get a question in, like he can’t call a press conference himself if he wants attention.)
It’s notable that the four areas that were deemed allowable discussion topics are all issues Congress will debate. They are areas where bipartisan national consensus has not been achieved or settled. On the contrary, on many issues related to civil liberties, the wars and foreign policy, bipartisan consensus has been established. For the White House, taking questions on those matters would be a nuisance, as it would mean people get their hopes up that Obama was going to actually shift and respond to the concerns of a majority of the population.
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<urn:uuid:c584a403-b645-4251-9517-7eb0be0d0204>
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http://my.firedoglake.com/kgosztola/2011/07/06/wars-foreign-policy-civil-liberties-taboo-at-first-ever-presidential-twitter-town-hall/
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en
| 0.973038
| 1,537
| 1.929688
| 2
|
If Proposition 32 did what its supporters claim, "stop special interest money," it would be a welcome relief.
But in reality, this initiative will only diminish the money coming from public employee unions by requiring them to get written permission from members to spend money on campaigns. It would have very little impact on companies, business trusts and rich individuals who also are spreading money around the Capitol and city halls.
Proposition 32 would ban unions and corporations from using automatic paycheck deductions to raise money for political purposes. That might sound reasonable, except that it's loaded. Unions rely on payroll deductions, corporations do not.
While proponents claim it will limit corporate contributions to candidates and their fund-raising committees, analysts say it won't apply to limited liability corporations, real estate trusts or other such business structures. That exemption for investment firms, hedge funds and others is a major reason that the initiative is opposed by the League of Women Voters of California, Common Cause and other good-government groups.
Said a League leader, "Prop 32 promises 'political reform,' but is really designed by its special-interest backers to help themselves and harm their opponents. Despite its proponents' claims, it won't take money out of politics."
Furthermore, Proposition 32 would do nothing to curb independent expenditures or so-called super PACS, which are paying for most of the negative ads and mailers that we are seeing in the 5th Senate District race and other contests. Two years ago, independent expenditure committees helped make the 12th Senate District race between Anthony Cannella and Anna Caballero a $7 million slugfest.
Proposition 32 does nothing to increase disclosure of campaign money. It offers no additional tools to help the Fair Political Practices Commission and prosecutors investigate corruption. It makes no attempt to limit spending on ballot measures.
The full implications of Proposition 32 are not known. The measure would ban donations to candidates from government contractors. The definition extends to public employee unions because they have contracts with the state.
But in an interview with The Sacramento Bee's editorial board, Proposition 32's backers couldn't say whether that contract provision might extend to Indian tribes that have entered into gambling compacts with the state. Perhaps tribes could continue to give freely to candidates, or maybe not. This subject likely would end up in the courts for resolution.
Our recommendation to reject Proposition 32 is not a vote of confidence for public employee unions by any means. They have overreached too often and have too much clout with too many Democrats. And they are willing to devote a lot of money to influence decision making in California, as is evidenced by the fact that unions are the biggest contributors of the almost $46 million raised so far to fight Proposition 32. Lawmakers should take action to make it easier for employees who disagree with union politics to opt out of making campaign donations.
Proposition 32 is simply not serious reform. It would just tilt the system in favor of business interests, which have put in about $9 million to back this measure. Twice before, in 1998 and 2005, voters rejected this kind of deceptive initiative. They should say it again, with a "no" vote on Proposition 32.
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Hollywood: The death of Brad Branson
Brad Branson photographer and pop iconographer of the 1980's and 1990's, died on December 13, 2012 at the age of 49. Brad Branson was represented by Visages. Launched by Marisa Maslansky and has been the mythical agency of LA between 1980 and 2000.
As a teen growing up in Los Angeles, Branson learned all aspects of the photography process while working in a Hollywood photo lab picking up valuable tips from customers who were also accomplished photographers like Herb Ritts, Greg German, and Matthew Rolston. He then expanded his knowledge into the art of photography when he landed a job as assistant to internationally renowned photographer Paul Jasmin, whom Branson has credited with playing an integral role mentoring and guiding him towards developing a unique style all his own.
At 22, Branson rented his first studio and began building his portfolio with portraits of the new hip Hollywood; Robert Downey Jr., John Stamos, Ally Sheedy, and Judd Nelson. He also found his niche in the music world photographing recording artists Belinda Carlisle, Joe Cocker, Thomas Dolby, Duran Duran, Eurythmies, The Del Fuegos, Nina Hagen, Los Lobes, The Thompson Twins, Tina Turner, and others. He scored the cover of Rolling Stone Magazine featuring David Lee Roth in the April, 1985 issue followed by photo credits in Vanity Fair and Playboy magazines. He was also a regular contributor from 1985 to 1995 to Andy Warhol's Interview magazine. Branson's talent was also in demand photographing an eclectic roster from the art world including Jean Michel Basquiat, Walter Hopps, Andre Miripolsky, and Haralampi Oroschakoff.
ln 1986, eager to leave Los Angeles for greater opportunities, Branson moved to London where he formed a prolific partnership with Dutch artist, Fritz Kok. Under the name, lndüstria, a unique design collaboration combining Branson's highly stylized photography with illustration and montage by Kok, they created work for Annie Lennox, Boy George, Elton John, George Michael, John Waters, Pet Shop Boys, Robert Palmer, Terry Gilliam, Thierry Mugler, Vivienne Westwood, and others. They also produced one-of-a-kind personality and fashion spreads for British magazines including Blitz, The Face, The Manipulator, and Vogue photographing some of the world's top supermodels Linda Evangelista, Iman, and Naomi Campbell.
lndüstria was honored to be included in a landmark Fashion and Surrealism show at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London, which led to a commission for the U.K. Royal Mail to update their image with a more contemporary and provocative ad campaign. The art of lndüstria was featured in a solo show at the Black & White Gallery in London, which furthered their reputation with more beautiful, inventive and sometimes space-age imagery. They lived and worked in Amsterdam, Paris, and Munich and were invited by a number of Greek magazines to portray some of the Greek Olympie athletes in lndüstria's uniquely modern yet classical way.
On his own, Branson continued producing work for top fashion designers Thierry Mugler and Vivienne Westwood as weil as John Galliano, Catherine Hamnett, and Stephen Jones, travelling to Russia and the Mideast.
Wanting to take a much needed respite from the non-stop, high energy world of pop photography, Branson returned to Los Angeles in 1997 where he dedicated his time working on various writing projects and exploring the U.S. Southwest.
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About 21 km away from Kawardha
lies the Sahaspur Wildlife Sanctuary. The main inhabitants of the sanctuary include animals such as leopards, sloth bears, cheetal, jackals, jungle cats, and birds like including teals, herons, egrets, lapwings, kingfishers, ducks, stilts, doves, wagtails, oriels, sunbirds, woodpeckers, raptors and night birds. The Forest Department arranges night drives for travelers on request. A temple nearby is an added attraction for the visitors.
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source: Helmut Hütten, "Motoren", Motorbuchverlag Stuttgart, Umschlag
Already early Rudolf Diesel (1858 - 1913) was interested in engines. In his youth he was fascinated by the engines of Lenoir and the steam engines that were usual at his time. During his study he learned of his teacher, professor Linde, a famous inventor, that the thermal engine could reach by far a better performance. He referred to the young Frenchman Sadi Carnot (1796 - 1832), who discovered the Carnot' cyclic process, a physical principle that describes the ideal process of the burn in an engine (read more about it in the physics section). Diesel was pursued from now on by the thought to build such an engine. 1890, Diesel had the crucial idea, how the cumbustion process could be improved: The engine takes in just air, which is to be compressed now to a pressure of about 200 bar. At this point, heavy fuel (such as crude oil or petroleum) gets injected by an injector in the air that is heated up because of the huge pressure. The high themperature leads immediately to the inflammation of the fuel by autoignition, which makes a spark plug unnecessary.
First diesel engine prototypes
This principle is not as simple as it sounds. The conversion into the practice was very problematic. Such high pressures and temperatures had never been used before, and the first experimental engine, built 1893 together with the Maschinenfabrik Augsburg (MAN) in Germany led to its destruction. Only a second engine, built 1896, could convince the engineers and performed an efficiency of about 25 percent, which was by far more than any other engine's performance at that time. But the engine was not after Diesel's requires yet: The compression ratio was still low and the max. pressure therefore small (about 30 bar), additionally a fuel injection was not yet possible. He had to use an air-injection, a procedure, which required many very complicated, expensive and heavy additional devices. This engine could become generally accepted only with many difficulties, because of economic problems - fuel oil and petroleum were very expensive - and disputes about patents delayed a successful introduction.
Grafic: Compression ratio
The compression ratio reflects, how strongly the content of the zylinder can be comprimated. In an otto engine, the compression ratio is smaller than in diesel engines, in which the air is compressed much more.
First diesel engine that worked, 1897. Source: Helmut Hütten, "Motoren", Motorbuchverlag Stuttgart, S. 19
Rudolf Diesel was pursued by patent quarrels, and scruplesless businessmen succeeded in acquiring rights for diesel's engine, so that he finally couldn't develop on his own engine any more. Only 1908, when the patents had run, he developed still smaller engines for the use in cars and trucks, together with the Swiss pioneer company Saurer. When he impoverished completely and didn't beleave any more in a successful advancement of his engine, he set an end to his life 1913 (see also biografie Rudolf Diesel).
Finally: Fuel injection pumps
About ten years after Diesel's dead, engineers succeeded in developing a pump which was able to inject heavy liquid fuel into highly compressed air directly. In the air-injection that was usual before, small fuel portions were hurled by compressed air into the cylinder.
Otto injection engines
Like the diesel engine, newer otto engines use injection pumps, too. The difference spark ignition - autoignion remains as distinguisher.
The company Bosch, Germany, was considerably involved in this development. 1927, Bosch produced a injection pump that was ready for the production. This brought finally the desired spreading of the diesel engine with itself. In the following animation a modern diesel engine is shown, which works with fuel injection.
The four stroke diesel engine
diesel engine: mode of operation
1. Suction stroke: Pure air gets sucked in by the piston sliding downward.
2. Compression stroke: The piston compresses the air above and uses therby work, performed by the crankshaft.
3. Power stroke: In the upper dead-center, the air is max. compressed: Pressure and Temperature are very high. Now the black injection pump injects heavy fuel in the hot air. By the high temperature the fuel gets ignited immediately (autoignition). The piston gets pressed downward and performes work to the crankshaft.
4. Expulsion stroke: The burned exhaust gases are ejected out of the cylinder through a second valve by the piston sliding upward again.
The diesel engine still uses above all heavy fuels such as fuel oil, which are a bit more expensive than gasoline. Because of this reason, cars with otto engines that are more harmful for the environment are often preferred to the ones using diesel engines. Only larger diesel engines are competitionsless. For example, in large ships or in older locomotives huge diesel engines with many cylinders are used for driving. The diesel two stroke engine, which can also be constructed, was less successful.
12 cylinder diesel in a ship, 1970. Power: 48'000 HP. Source: Helmut Hütten, "Motoren", Motorbuchverlag Stuttgart, S. 159
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The United States and its allies have been working for months to remove Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh from the multi-sided, bloody and increasingly anarchic political conflict in his country. Until Saleh fully yields the autocratic power he has wielded for the last three decades, there won’t be much chance of restoring order in a state that is becoming a key haven for al-Qaida, much less of creating a new democratic order. So it is logical, on one level, that the Obama administration would be considering a request from Saleh that he be granted entry to the United States.
Still, the issuance of a visa to the Yemeni strongman would be a mistake. Without question, it would damage the U.S. image in Yemen and across the Middle East — especially among the mostly young protesters who are struggling to bring about a democratic transformation in their countries. It also seems much less likely to accomplish the aim of ending Saleh’s political machinations or of calming the streets of Sanaa, where pro- and anti-Saleh forces have been clashing.
Saleh agreed to a transition plan last month under which he would transfer authority to his vice president in exchange for immunity from prosecution. A new election for president is to be held in February. Supported by Saudi Arabia and the Obama administration, the deal offered a chance at ending months of domestic conflict. But while some opposition parties have accepted it, others — including much of the youth movement that started the revolt against Saleh’s regime this year — reject it, because of the immunity provision.
On Saturday, government security forces, which are still controlled by members of Saleh’s family, fired on demonstrators who had marched to the capital in protest of the immunity deal. Later that day Saleh announced that he would leave the country for the United States — triggering what has been a conflicting flurry of statements from his government and the Obama administration.
In Washington, administration officials said Tuesday that they were considering allowing admission to the president for the sole purpose of obtaining medical treatment but had not yet made a decision. But in Sanaa, officials said they had been told by the U.S. Embassy that the visa had been approved and was unconditional. Saleh himself undermined the medical pretext, saying he was travelling “not for treatment, because I’m fine, but to get away from attention, cameras and allow the unity government to prepare for elections.” He added that he would return to join the “opposition” because “I won’t leave my people and my comrades.”
That suggests that Saleh’s departure would not end his political manuevering. A visit to the United States could even bolster his standing, by implying continuing support from Washington. No doubt Yemen’s pro-democracy forces would interpret it that way — just as Iranian students were enraged when the shah of Iran was admitted to the United States for medical treatment in 1979. The U.S. ambassador to Yemen, Gerald Feierstein, has already damaged Washington’s position by publicly claiming that anti-Saleh demonstrators were trying to create “chaos.”
If Saleh really needs medical care — or his departure is desirable — Switzerland would make an excellent refuge. A U.S. visa would do more harm than good. - Washington Post
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Comprehensive DescriptionRead full entry
DescriptionThe body form is very variable, typically massively lobed but can be a cushion, massively globular, elongated or encrusting. Size varies between 10-40 cm in diameter and the surface looks smooth but is slightly rough to touch. The colour is usually orange or intermediate shades of yellow, brown and orange but has also been reported as white, grey or green. The pores through which water leaves the body cavity (oscules) are large and typically at the tops of the lobes but may be in other positions.Suberites ficus has been variously reported as being both synonymous with, and a separate species from Suberites domuncula. The name given to these species is still tentative because the specific distinctiveness of Suberites ficus and other named forms needs further study (van Soest et al., 2000).
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