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Welcome to the Business Department
Business Courses, 2012-2013
BHS BUSINESS DEPARTMENT
2012-13 Business Department Goals
1. Provide more teamwork and collaboration opportunities for our students - - in both our lecture and computer classes.
2. To prepare our students for the world of work, we will work on including lessons on career guidance and exploration of job opportunities and requirements in business in all of our classes.
3. To instill a sense of professionalism in our students by continuing to stress document formatting and accuracy and good behavior.
4. To take turns in sharing resources and lesson ideas with each other during each department meeting.
5. To use our teacher web pages as an extension of our teaching as well as a way to better communicate with our students and parents.
6. Strengthen our sense of community by bringing back – “Tip of the Month” for the new Office 2010 software. Include tips from business teachers and business students.
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Science & Technology - Posted by Karene Booker-Cornell on Monday, July 18, 2011 14:41 - 0 Comments
Bilingual kids tune into right stuff
CORNELL (US) — Young children who learn a second language have a heightened ability to pay attention to what’s important and to ignore what’s not.
“Our study showed that bilingualism in young children strengthens what is known as executive attention, which helps orient individuals in the sea of information coming in,” says Sujin Yang, formerly a postdoctoral research associate at Cornell University and currently professor at Tyndale University College in Canada. “It helps them know what to pay attention to, what to ignore, and what action to take.”
The study is published in the July issue of Bilingualism: Language and Cognition.
Straight from the Source
“We were able to begin to separate out the effects of bilingualism from the effects of culture, which other studies had not done,” notes co-author Barbara Lust, professor of human development at Cornell University.
“Culture strongly influences parenting and child development. Emphasis on behavioral control and inhibition at an early age—a feature more often found in East Asian cultures—has been linked to improved attention in children. Western cultures, by contrast, tend to emphasize individuality and self expression.”
In the study of 56 4-year-olds with college-educated parents living in middle-class neighborhoods, researchers compared native English-only speaking U.S. children, bilingual children in the United States, Korean-only speaking children in the United States, and Korean-only speaking children in Korea.
The Korean and Korean-English speaking children from the United States had first generation native Korean parents; the bilingual children had about 11 months of formal exposure to English through a bilingual daycare program.
A child’s version of a computer-game test that is designed to assess various components of executive attention showed that the Korean-English bilingual children were significantly faster and more accurate compared with the other three groups.
The Korean-speaking children in Korea were more accurate than the Korean-only and English-only speaking children in the United States, indicating a sizable effect of culture. This accuracy, however, was accompanied by slower response times.
The results suggest not only that bilingualism is good for executive attention, but also that executive attention develops quite early in both cognitive development and in the process of gaining a second language.
“If executive attention is improved by bilingualism, then we should be able to detect and perhaps enhance improvements in academic skills,” Lust says.
“Ultimately, we want to understand how bilingualism is creating the advanced executive attention. Understanding this could potentially lead to other interventions to facilitate the development of this essential capacity.”
More news from Cornell University: www.news.cornell.edu
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Using this item and referring to it is encouraged, and please use it in presentations, web pages, newspapers, blogs and reports.
For any form of publication, please include the link to this page and give the creator credit (in this case Peter Prokosch)
Checking artificial nesting site, freshwater marsh, Copper River Delta, Alaska
The local Forest Service is checking the state of artificial nesting islands for Dusky Canada Geese, as they get frequently dismantled by bears. The Copper River rises out of the Copper Glacier, which lies on the northeast side of Mount Wrangell, in the Wrangell Mountains, within Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park. Brown Bears benefit from the river's famous salmon runs arising from the use of the river watershed by over 2 million salmon each year for spawning.
The Copper River Delta, which extends for 2,800 km2 is considered the largest contiguous wetlands - partly tidal flats - along the Pacific coast of North America. It is used annually by 16 million shorebirds, including the world's entire population of western sandpipers. The upper freshwater marshlands are also home to the world's largest population of nesting trumpeter swans and is the only known nesting site for the dusky Canada goose.
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People who keep things for themselves without sharing with their friends or loved ones
carry a considerable and unnecessary burden. Share your problems and concern with others.
Develop a support system of relatives, colleagues or friends to talk to when you are upset
or worried. When you are frustrated write it down. After you have vent the frustration,
destroy the writing so that it is forgotten. Rereading the journal will reawaken the
frustration and anger. So, do not keep it.
Seek social support. Studies have shown that close, positive relationships with others
facilitate good health and morale. One reason for this is that support from family and
friends serves as a buffer to cushion the impact of stressful events. Talking out problems
and expressing tensions can be incredibly helpful. If things really get bad, seek help
from a therapist, counselor, or clergyman.
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By TOM ODULA
NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) - South Sudan's president said its northern neighbor has "declared war" on the world's newest nation, just hours after Sudanese jets dropped eight bombs on his country.
President Salva Kiir's comments, made Tuesday during a trip to China, signal a rise in rhetoric between the rival nations, who spent decades at war with each other. Neither side has officially declared war.
Sudan and South Sudan have been drawing closer to a full-scale war in recent weeks over the unresolved issues of oil revenues and their disputed border. The violence has drawn alarm and condemnation from the international community, including from U.S. President Barack Obama.
South Sudan won independence from Sudan last year as part of a 2005 peace treaty that ended decades of war that killed 2 million people.
The U.N. Security Council was briefed on the situation late Tuesday and members demanded "an immediate halt to aerial bombardments by the Sudanese armed forces and urged an immediate cease-fire and return to the negotiating table," Susan Rice, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations and the current council president, told reporters at U.N. headquarters in New York.
Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir gave a fiery speech last week in which he said there will be no negotiations with the "poisonous insects" who are challenging Sudan's claim to disputed territory near the border.
Kiir, the southern president, arrived in China late Monday for a five-day visit to lobby for economic and diplomatic support. China's energy needs make it deeply vested in the future of the two Sudans. Beijing is uniquely positioned to exert influence in the conflict, given its deep trade ties to the resource-rich south and decades-long diplomatic ties with Sudan's government in the north.
Kiir told Chinese President Hu Jintao the visit comes at a "a very critical moment for the Republic of South Sudan because our neighbor in Khartoum has declared war on the Republic of South Sudan."
South Sudan's military spokesman Col. Philip Aguer said that Sudanese Antonov warplanes dropped eight bombs overnight in Panakuac, where he said there was ground fighting on Monday. Aguer said he did not know how many people were killed in the attack because of poor communication links with the remote area.
On Monday, Sudanese warplanes bombed a market and an oil field in South Sudan, killing at least two people, after Sudanese ground forces reportedly crossed into South Sudan with tanks and artillery.
The U.N. Mission in South Sudan confirmed that at least 16 civilians in South Sudan were killed and 34 injured in bombings by Sudanese aircraft in Unity State, ambassador Rice told reporters. She said the mission reported that the bombings also caused significant damage to infrastructure.
Talks over oil revenue and the border issues broke down this month after violence flared. South Sudan invaded the oil-rich border town of Heglig, which Sudan claims it controls.
Following international pressure, South Sudan announced that it withdrew all its soldiers from Heglig. Sudan claimed its troops forced them out.
Rice said the Security Council welcomed the withdrawal of South Sudan's forces from Heglig. She said many of the 15 council nations expressed concern about reports of extensive damage to oil infrastructure in Heglig.
Al-Bashir, the Sudanese president, has vowed to press ahead with his military campaign until all southern troops or affiliated forces are chased out of territory Sudan claims.
He also said he would never allow South Sudanese oil to pass through Sudan "even if they give us half the proceeds."
Landlocked South Sudan stopped pumping oil through Sudan in January, accusing the government in Khartoum of stealing hundreds of millions of dollars of oil revenue. Sudan responded by bombing the South's oil fields.
In Khartoum, the pro-government Sudanese Media Center said that two of Sudan's Darfur states began implementing a ban on shipping to South Sudan. The ban was imposed by Sudan's parliament.
Officials in the Darfur states said they warned merchants that "stern measures will be taken against any person found to be smuggling food supplies and other commodities into South Sudan," the SMC reported.
Sudanese officials said the measures were imposed in response to the invasion of Heglig.
South Sudan government spokesman Barnaba Marial Benjamin said earlier this month that Chinese and American investors want to build oil refineries in the South in the next six to seven months.
Benjamin said the refineries will help South Sudan process fuel for local consumption. South Sudan will also build a pipeline to the Kenyan coast and another to Djibouti through Ethiopia to be able to export its oil, he said. He said both projects were meant to make South Sudan independent of Sudan's fuel infrastructure and processing plants.
Don't look for the movie about Jodi Arias to be about her trial. (Video)
What can happen to you when you don't get enough sleep.
The U. of Oregon is cracking down on a fan favorite.
This U.S. city is buying $30M worth of iPads for its students.
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Three North American tribal leaders who have defended the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge from oil drilling, share the North American Goldman Environmental Prize this year.
Goldman Prize winners North America (from left) Sarah James, Norma Kassi, Jonathon Solomon (Photo by Robert Roll, all photos courtesy Goldman Foundation)
Gwich'in tribal leaders Jonathon Solomon and Sarah James of the United States, and Norma Kassi of Canada, have campaigned to show that the drilling promoted by the Bush administration would supply six months of oil but devastate the Porcupine Caribou herd that has sustained Gwich'in people for 20,000 years.
The largest award of its kind, the $125,000 Goldman Environmental Prize is given each year to people termed "grassroots environmental heroes." One person is chosen from six geographical areas: Africa, Asia, Europe, Islands and Island Nations, North America, and South and Central America.
San Francisco insurance executive Richard Goldman
Insurance executive Richard Goldman, founder of the Goldman Environmental Prize, said, "This year's winners exemplify how much can be accomplished by visionary leaders who have the courage to struggle for sustainable development for their communities and for the health of the planet. They are an inspiration to the thousands of everyday environmental heroes across the globe who are working with -- not fighting -- nature."
Jean La Rose of Guyana, 2002 Goldman Environmental Prize Winner, Central and South America
Another indigenous person has been awarded this year's Goldman Prize for South and Central America. Jean La Rose of Guyana has overcome harassment to protect Amerindian lands from mining. La Rose lives and works in Georgetown, Guyana. She is an indigenous Arawak and the program administrator of the Amerindian Peoples Association. La Rose and the association have filed Guyana's first ever indigenous land rights lawsuit, hoping to annul all mining concessions in their tribal region.
In the 1998 case, which remains undecided, the communities seek recognition of their aboriginal title to a territory of about 3,000 square miles, the rainforest home of 5,500 Amerindians. If successful, this court case will grant the Akawaio and Arekuna peoples the right to remove all miners from their lands and force the government of Guyana to annul all mining concessions on native lands in the Upper Mazaruni River Basin.
Alexis Massol-González of Puerto Rico, 2002 Goldman Environmental Prize winner, Islands
The Islands and Island Nations Goldman Prize has been handed to Alexis Massol-González of Puerto Rico, an entrepreneur who led his community in a successful fight to convert a mining zone into Puerto Rico's first community managed forest reserve.
To protect the land from future attempts to mine, Massol-González convinced the Puerto Rican government to create the successful People's Forest, the Puerto Rico's first community managed forest reserve.
Fatima Jibrell of Somalia, 2002 Goldman Environmental Prize Winner, Africa
The Goldman Prize for Africa goes to Fatima Jibrell of Somalia who saved the northeast region of Somalia from the massive logging of old growth acacia trees by persuading the regional government to create and enforce a ban on exports of charcoal to the Gulf States. She faces wars, harassment, and the current severe drought while working to build peace and promote careful use of fragile environmental resources in her country.
Two Ashoka Fellows -- one in Thailand and one in Poland -- have won the 2002 Goldman prizes for their regions. Headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, Ashoka is a global non-profit organization that searches the world for social entrepreneurs with innovative ideas for change in their communities. Ashoka helps emerging social entrepreneurs by electing them to an international Fellowship of their peers, and by providing financial support and non-financial services.
Pisit Charnsnoh of Thailand, 2002 Goldman Environmental Prize Winner, Asia (Photo by Alfredo Quarto)
Pisit Charnsnoh of Thailand was awarded the Goldman Prize for helping poor and marginalized Muslim fishing communities in the predominantly Buddhist Trang Province in southern Thailand to reclaim degraded coastal wetlands. In the 1980s, Charnsnoh, a Buddhist, went to live among the Muslim fishing families. His organization Yad Fon (the Raindrop) helps them organize to protect their fishing grounds and devise strategies to increase their earning power.
A respect for the fishermens' traditional knowledge and techniques is central to the strategy. "They are our teachers, they know more about the natural history of their environment than you will ever find in a textbook," Charnsnoh says.
Ashoka Fellow Jadwiga Lopata of Poland is the 2002 Goldman Prize winner for Europe. Lopata recognized that Poland's small family owned farms were ideal for conversion to organic farming methods to serve the emerging premium market for organic produce and livestock. Her eco-farm organization, European Centre for Ecological Agriculture and Tourism, links 120 farms. It provides families converting to organic farming with a steady stream of visitors who happily pay for the opportunity to stay, eat, and work on the farms.
Jadwiga Lopata of Poland, 2002 Goldman Environmental Prize Winner, Europe (Photo by Michal Sadowski)
Lopata says that Poland has a unique opportunity to become a world leader in the "sunrise industry" of organic farming. "This is our big treasure, the Polish countryside," she says, "this is what we can offer to our visitors, this really picturesque landscape still not so destroyed, nature not so poisoned, and good farmers who can in a very short time turn to organic production."
Goldman says the winners are chosen because they can inspire others. "Goldman Prize recipients are proof that ordinary people are capable of doing truly extraordinary things. Although the Prize winners represent a wide variety of nations and work on very different issues, they have much in common," he said. "All have shown conviction, commitment and courage."
This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
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By Cynthia L. Cooper
Tuesday, November 22, 2005
A case coming before the Supreme Court on Nov. 30 will consider whether advocates can continue to head off state anti-abortion laws on constitutional grounds. That means a legal wall of protections around abortion could crumble.
(WOMENSENEWS)--An abortion case coming before the U.S. Supreme Court on Nov. 30 from the State of New Hampshire could vastly reshape and curtail women's right to choose, according to legal reproductive rights advocates.
The key question before the Supreme Court is whether anti-abortion laws passed by states may be challenged in court as unconstitutional before they take effect. Bringing these challenges, as currently happens, prevents many restrictions passed by anti-abortion legislatures from interfering with a woman's right to choose, whether bans on abortion procedures, spousal notification and others.
By changing the legal standard for when an abortion restriction can be challenged in court, anti-abortion laws could quickly entangle women across the country, without directly overturning Roe v. Wade, the 1973 Supreme Court case that held that states could not criminalize abortion in all circumstances.
"This is an incredibly important case. Depending on how the court rules, this could be a really critical moment for the pro-choice movement," said Jennifer Dalven, deputy director of the New York-based Reproductive Freedom Project of the American Civil Liberties Union, which represents a doctor and three clinics challenging abortion restrictions passed in New Hampshire.
The case, Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of Northern New England, lies far below the radar of the general public and even many pro-choice activists. Those who are aware of it think of it as a case about parental notification on abortion. But its implications, said Dalven, go far beyond.
"Women seeking abortions would be forced to fight court battles while they are facing emergency medical needs," said Nancy Northup, president of the New York-based Center for Reproductive Rights, author of a friend-of-the-court brief on this point on behalf of 30 health, research and women's organizations.
A ruling against the pro-choice position could strip away a wall of judicial protection that has so far stopped numerous anti-abortion proposals from taking effect. States could enact rashes of anti-abortion laws, while severely limiting the ability of lawyers to get a hearing on whether the laws violated the constitution.
"Roe has been chipped away for years. If this goes the wrong way, it would permit states to enact more and more blatantly unconstitutional restrictions," said Dalven, who will argue the case in the U.S. Supreme Court.
The case is a stealth attack on Roe, said Dalven. By taking out the backbone of judicial protection, it could leave Roe as a spineless shell.
The name Ayotte in the case belongs to New Hampshire Attorney General Kelly A. Ayotte.
Joining with Ayotte, the Bush administration has asked the U.S. solicitor general to appear before the Supreme Court, arguing that the New Hampshire law is constitutional. Ayotte and the solicitor general argue that states should have the right to enact abortion restrictions without encountering head-on legal challenges to their constitutionality.
Under the approach proposed by Ayotte and the Bush administration an anti-abortion law could not be challenged as unacceptable on its face, or "facially invalid," except under the rarest circumstances.
Ayotte and the administration argue that a law should be brought into court only at the time that a woman suffers injury, for example, when the anti-abortion provision is applied to her situation and she is denied the service. (In legal terminology, this would be called an "as-applied" basis.) Only then could lawyers show that the law is unconstitutional.
If the Supreme Court agrees with Ayotte and the Bush administration, the case could gut the pro-choice provisions of a 1992 Supreme Court decision, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, which crafted a compromise on abortion.
In Casey, the court preserved the core principles of a woman's right to choose, but gave states much more leeway to pass anti-abortion restrictions so long as they provide protections for women's life and health and do not place an "undue burden" on women's ability to exercise their rights prior to the ability of a fetus to survive outside the womb.
In Casey, the justices permitted Pennsylvania to institute waiting periods before abortions could be performed and to mandate that doctors read a prepared statement, intended to discourage patients from an abortion.
But the court did not permit a provision requiring a married woman to notify her husband of a pending abortion because it might endanger some women who would encounter domestic violence or interference.
The current nominee for the court, Samuel A. Alito, wrote an opinion in the lower-court review of Casey that said the provision requiring married women to notify their spouses should be upheld.
In the years since Casey was decided, over 400 abortion restrictions have been passed by anti-abortion state lawmakers. Many are challenged in court before they take effect by doctors, who argue that the laws are unconstitutional invasions of the right to privacy and will harm future patients.
In the late 1990s, for example, over two dozen state laws banning certain abortion procedures were blocked by legal challenges from doctors, who argued that the laws were overreaching, would subject the doctors to arrest and interfered with women's health.
"After a law goes into effect, it's very hard to challenge it. Most women don't want to reveal they are seeking an abortion. There is a time pressure. It's very much more difficult," said Kathryn Kolbert, an attorney in Philadelphia who represented pro-choice groups in Casey.
The 2003 New Hampshire law at issue in Ayotte subjects doctors to criminal and civil penalties if they do not notify the parent of a teen 48 hours before performing an abortion. It never took effect. Instead, it was challenged in court by Dr. Wayne Goldner and several clinics.
"In an emergency, I need to be able to go to the hospital not a courthouse," Goldner said in a statement.
The validity of parental notification per se will not be considered by the Supreme Court.
Beyond the legal standard for when an abortion restriction can be challenged in court, a second question the court will review is whether the New Hampshire law must have an exception to parental notification if a young woman's health is in peril. The federal district court for New Hampshire and the First U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, based in Boston, found the law invalid for this reason.
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, a pivotal middle-ground vote on abortion cases, will be present for the oral argument but might not be part of the court's decision. She is slated to step down immediately upon the confirmation of a successor. If remaining justices are evenly divided, the court could call for new oral arguments with her replacement.
The Ayotte case will be one of the first abortion cases heard by new Chief Justice John Roberts.
Cynthia L. Cooper, an independent journalist in New York with a background as a lawyer, frequently writes on reproductive law and social justice issues.
Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood:
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The Fix is, admittedly, a creature of the Beltway. It’s where we work and where we live. Many of the people we talk to are also denizens of the nation’s capital.
And so we are always looking for ways to get beyond the Beltway conventional wisdom and figure out how major political events were consumed and perceived by the rest of the country.
The Internet generally and the good folks at Google specifically have made doing just that much, much easier. The behemoth search engine has taken to crunching their data in the aftermath of things like debates and presidential speeches to paint a picture of what people — or at least those who have or use computers during these events — are interested in.
What’s interesting about the chart is that it confirms what we have long known about television viewership of these big political events — which is that the beginning and the end tend to draw the most eyeballs and, therefore, matter more.
The same is also true when it comes to search interest in the speech with the highest peaks coming in the first and last 20 minutes of the address. After about the 9:20 pm mark, interest fades relatively consistently — though not precipitously — with smallish spikes around Obama’s call to redesign America’s high schools and his repeated urgings for Congress to vote on his gun control proposals.
One surprising thing — at least to us: There wasn’t a larger spike in search traffic following Obama’s “Gabby Giffords deserves a vote….The families of Newtown deserve a vote” which was quite clearly the emotional centerpiece of the address.
What Google tells us: The first 15 minutes and the last 15 minutes of these speeches are what really matters. The rest is sort of window dressing.
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by Courtney Sullivan
Your baby seemed keen on non-stop feedings and would try anything -- including lint from the floor. Now as a toddler, those eating preferences have changed. A typical day's menu includes two bites and a little sunshine. Remarkable how they survive on air, isn't it?
As an almost two-year-old, your child might have discovered that taste buds equal power. Does everything but cereal get two thumbs down? Perhaps your preschooler insists they only want to eat a cheese sandwich...for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Maybe your seven-year-old absolutely refuses to eat fruits -- ever!
At some point, most parents share a concern that their child may not be getting enough to eat or maybe not enough of the right balance of foods.
Whatever your child's personal quirk, the bottom line is that food pyramid you're aiming for has toppled to look more like a flat pancake. We've pulled together our member's favorite tips into an parent's "healthy and stealthy" food guide. The kids will never suspect a thing!
"My kids love veggies, but only with a dip. I make a healthy dip in the blender or food processor -- a block of silken tofu, greek yogurt, cottage cheese or hummus with spices or herbs to flavor. They love it and actually eat some of the vegetables along with the dip!" ~Nicole
"A successful breakfast standby is that she chooses the flavor! I put 1/3 of cup quick oats, 1/2 cup water in the microwave for 1 minute. Then I add "toddler choices." Today my 20-month-old daughter asked for unsweetened Mott's® fruit, little cinnamon and 1/2 teaspoon of my French vanilla creamer for the "oooh it's momma's" factor." ~natesangel
"The little girl I babysit loves anything small. Tiny cubes of cheese, small slices of celery with peanut butter and mini muffins are a huge hit. Basically anything she can easily eat with her fingers mades her happy. ~Annie"
"If it's on daddy's plate it must taste better. I ALWAYS give daddy an extra serving, especially peas. It doesn't matter if she sees me dish it all from the same container, daddy's plate tastes better." ~Mara
"My preschoolers willingly munch on raw cauliflower if I call it special popcorn. I wash a head a cauliflower and cut it into bite-sized pieces. Then I toss with sea salt, cracked black pepper, nutritional yeast, and a splash of olive oil." ~Flora
"If I seat my almost two-year-old son at the table with a plate, he eats three bites and it "all foo." Now I put a few healthy snacks -- like cubed cheese, cut up vegetables, hummus and pita bread in a muffin tin and leave them down at his level. In a couple hours the meal's gone." ~Denise
"I read that you can add pureed vegetables to most sauces and to cookies and muffins and the family doesn't notice the difference. I'm sneaking nutrition into their favorite food and we're all happy." ~Jessica
How do you try to insure your child gets the necessary nutrition? Share your secrets or ask for advice if you have a tough "nut" to crack (literally).
Copyright © Pregnancy.org.
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I don’t know who discovered water, but it certainly wasn’t a fish!” ~ Marshal Mcluhan
The point Mcluhan makes here is that some things are so common place to us, that we don’t even recognize they’re there. That is what the over-sexualization and objectification of women in media has become.
Our goal with the Teen Identity Network is to encourage professional photographers and filmmakers to help change the way females are portrayed in the media. We want to educate professionals and get them to think twice about the kind of photos or video they take of teen girls. We all are so bombarded by sexualized and objectified images of women every day, that it is easy for any of us to not even realize we could be contributing to the problem, instead of fixing it.
Example of Objectification
We will continue to provide education to help Network members understand and evaluate how the sexualization of girls and women happens in media. Our hope is that you can take away real and concrete ideas to implement into your studio.
The education and information we’re providing is being based on industry experts who have completed years (and in some cases, decades) of research on the topic. For instance, here were some findings recently reported at the S.P.A.R.K. Summit (Sexualization Protest: Action Resistance Knowledge). This was for a period of study from June 2006 to June 2010 and it dealt with the coding of sexualization in music video:
- provocative dance
- male gaze
- close ups on body parts (most common)
- provocative dress – sexual stereotype, sexy school girl, body glove, dominatrix, etc.
- 92.8% of music videos contained at least one measure of sexualization
- race differences: black artists twice as likely to be portrayed with provocative dress, similar in other 3 areas
- genre differences: country less than pop and r&b
As noted above, one of the key ways objectification happens is when you take a photograph that accentuates or focuses on just one body part, rather than the whole girl. The sexualization of the girl is worse if that body part is one of the five that are inherently the most sexual: legs/hips, buttocks, crotch, mid-drift, and bust. Any time any of these areas are accentuated or exclusively highlighted in a photograph, you run the risk of objectifying in a sexual way, that teen girl. (Especially if the body part is completely bare).
I know that some people will read this and think “How prude.” I don’t think it’s about being prude. It’s about addressing a real problem and issue in this country that has very REAL ramifications on the lives and esteem of teen girls. (We’ll blog a little later about those ramifications).
Killing Us Softly
Jean Kilbourne is a celebrated speaker and advocate for female self esteem and health issues. The objectification of women in media is a topic she has addressed, studied, and fought against for forty years. Much of the education and work we do with Teen Identity is inspired by her work. Take a look at this short excerpt from her latest DVD series, “Killing Us Softly.” After watching it, think about the kind of photos you’re taking of teen girls, and ask how much your work is influenced (in a positive or negative way) by the media.
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As citizens of the world, we are directly involved in the residential and transportation sectors of energy use (and associated emissions) through purchase and use of electricity, natural gas, heating oil, and gasoline,in the U.S., about half of all that is produced. Indirectly, we are involved in the commercial and industrial half through our consumption of everything else – alas, the bedrock of our economy. So it is kind of about us.
Living consciously and making these connections in our daily lives can be challenging, no doubt about it. But sometimes altering seemingly insignificant patterns/habits can result in money saved, smaller carbon footprints, and even less stress.
Driving (one of the stressful parts) – it takes 2 gallons of oil to make a gallon of gas. Every mile driven is about a pound of CO2 emitted, besides all that went into making and getting that
gallon of gas! So certainly using less is the ticket.
+ Spend less time trying to find a close parking spot.
+ Change routes to avoid intersections where you often need to wait to turn left. (UPS has saved 3 million gallons of gas in year and delivered things quicker by systematically doing this.)
+ Release your foot from the gas when you see a red light or stop sign ahead.
+ Drive 5 or 10 mph more slowly on the freeway. Driving 60 instead of 70mph uses about 17% less fuel.
+ If you know that an event will cause some parking stress, consider carpooling or public transit, if walking or biking is not an option.
+ One could be radical and choose days without driving at all.
At home, besides only using lights when needed, the same could be applied to equipment – computers, and associated devices like speakers and printers; also tv, video, and stereo equipment.
Even when off, phantom loads are drawing current all of the time. Having these things plugged into power strips that you turn off could cut electricity use by at least 6%, some say more than 10%.
Flying – non-stop flights are far better than multi-legged ones, if a choice is possible/affordable.
Buying carbon offsets help with the rest. And hey, they may be guilt easers, but who can have a problem with funding renewable energy and planting trees?!
^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ~
Barbara Hirsch, recording engineer, eco-nut, of sorts
“Unless someone like you cares a whole lot, nothing is going to get
better. It’s not.”
– The Lorax, Children’s book by Dr. Seuss
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The Eye of the Street
- Title: The Eye of the Street
- Author: Željko Šafar i Dragan Kujundžić / AFA, CIM
- Date: 25.05-01.06.
- Tags: community, education, visual arts, youth
The Eye of the Street project contributes in a new way to the social inclusion and affirmation of children who live and work on the streets.
We are launching the Eye of the Street project with a desire to introduce photography as a way of drawing the attention of the community to the children who live and/or work on the streets, and assume a new approach to the social inclusion of these children. The project is based on the idea of offering the beneficiaries of the social inclusion program a possibility to take a more active part, or actually a greater initiative in their inclusion in society. In that way, they as the end users of the program become its active participants, expressing themselves in a creative and efficient way, telling their life stories, showing their perception of the surroundings. Each workshop participant will be given the necessary equipment, a mobile phone with good camera features or a digital photo camera, which will help them take photos of their everyday life.
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Marginalized Students: New Directions for Community Colleges, Number 155
September 2011, Jossey-Bass
This price is valid for United States. Change location to view local pricing and availability.
Other Available Formats: Paperback
The editors and contributing authors examine various student groups as well as give voice to the marginalization felt by a group of faculty. Topics include:
- Examining the concept of student marginalization through a framework based on Dewey's 1916 work, Democracy and Education
- Experiences of Adult English as Second Language learners
- Seeing the community college environment through the eyes of student athletes
- Current research on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community college students and the need for more
- Student Veterans
- Underprepared college students
- and community College faculty in correctional institutions.
The volume concludes with key resources for anyone who works with or researches marginalized populations. The resources include sources for further reading, existing organizations serving various marginalized groups, and some possible funding opportunities.
This is the 155th volume of the Jossey-Bass quarterly report series New Directions for Community Colleges. Essential to the professional libraries of presidents, vice presidents, deans, and other leaders in today's open-door institutions, New Directions for Community Colleges provides expert guidance in meeting the challenges of their distinctive and expanding educational mission.
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Hayyim Nahman Bialik (9 January 1873 – 4 July 1934 / Radi, Volhynia)
Hayim Nahman Bialik, also Chaim or Haim, was a Jewish poet who wrote primarily in Hebrew but also in Yiddish. Bialik was one of the pioneers of modern Hebrew poetry and came to be recognized as Israel's national poet.
Bialik was born in the village of Radi, Volhynia in the Ukrainian part of the Russian Empire to Yitzhak Yosef Bialik, a scholar and businessman, and his wife Dinah (Priveh). Bialik's father died in 1880, when Bialik was 7 years old. In his poems, Bialik romanticized the misery of his childhood, describing seven orphans left behind—though modern biographers believe there were fewer children, including grown step-siblings who did not need to... more »
Click here to add this poet to your My Favorite Poets.
- A Long Bough
- A Twig Alighted
- After My Death
- I Didn’t Win Light In A Windfall
- In The City Of Slaughter (excerpt)
- On A Summer’s Day
- On The Slaughter
- One, Two
- Sabbath Queen
- Should You Wish To Know The Source
- Summer is dying
- Take Me Under Your Wing
Comments about Hayyim Nahman Bialik
World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development
celebrated on May 21st every year
Your Favorite Poets’ Favorite Books of Poetry
Daily Rituals of Famous Authors
Writers seem to be the most prone to unshakeable routines and elaborate superstitions.
Incredible Reading Rooms Around the World
Cozy, beautiful places to curl up with a good book...
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Merkel urges more far-reaching financial regulation
BERLIN (Reuters) - German Chancellor Angela Merkel urged the world's top economies to push ahead with further financial regulation, saying that not enough had been achieved so far.
The global financial crisis has prompted an overhaul of regulation in almost every part of the financial system from over-the-counter derivatives to bank capital requirements.
But Merkel said in her weekly podcast that more was needed.
"In my view, we are not where we ought to be yet," she said.
"We had planned to regulate every financial centre, every financial actor and every financial market product. Significant progress has been made but the rules have not yet been implemented everywhere and we are still missing further areas."
The chancellor pointed to "shadow banks", or non-bank financial institutions that are less regulated than banks, as an area where progress needed to be made.
"For instance the regulation of shadow banks will hopefully be concluded at the next G20 meeting," Merkel said.
Leaders of the world's top economies (G20) made recommendations for regulation a year ago that also include hedge funds, special investment vehicles and repurchase agreements.
Regulators worry that as traditional banks get more heavily regulated, risky credit activities will shift to shadow banks.
Merkel meets with the heads of the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, International Labour Organisation, the World Trade Organisation and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development in Berlin on Tuesday.
One of the topics of discussion will be the euro zone debt crisis. Merkel said tough steps were starting to show results.
"The structural reforms - despite being painful - are beginning to show effects in the individual countries, such as in Ireland and Portugal but also in Greece and Spain."
Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble said on Friday that, while he wanted Greece to stay in the euro zone, that was not yet a done deal.
"We want Greece to stay in the euro zone but Greece has a lot to do. That's not yet decided," Schaeuble told ZDF television.
Greece is due to receive almost 31 billion euros in the next tranche of emergency loans from the euro zone bailout fund, if international inspectors agree that it has implemented reforms set as a condition for aid.
(Reporting by Annika Breidthardt; Editing by Helen Massy-Beresford)
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College 101: Finding a dorm roommate
Picture of High school friends. (Don LaVange/Flickr.com)
Just as soon as she gets that response, "yes!" the fear is washed from not only Anderson's shaking hands, but from her mind as she wonders what the possibilities could have been if she went random.
Like most college-bound seniors, Anderson's biggest fear is her freshman year roommate. She will be attending the University of Missouri and had a chance to use the school's two-year-old social networking Web site, You@mizzou.
There are many possibilities for disaster in not having a say in the roommate selection process. And, many students feel they cannot let the choice of their future bunk buddy be determined by a housing office.
"I didn't want to take a chance on my freshman experience," said Anderson.
With social networking sites such as Facebook becoming more and more prevalent in everyday life, finding a roommate has become equally complicated. Many students question whether it's better to find their own roomie or just trust their 18-year-old luck and let their school choose.
Thankfully, the University of Missouri has created their own Facebook-esque site entitled You@mizzou to help future students meet others and find their roommates before they arrive on campus.
"It is a university sponsored moderated social networking site where students pick their rooms and roommates," said Frankie Minor, director of residential life at the University of Missouri.
This is the second year the school has used this site for incoming freshman. "New technology has improved [roommate selection] process in trying to create a sense of community for our school," said Minor.
The University of Missouri is not the only school to use the Internet to assist students in finding a roommate. The University of Georgia has a system called DAWG they suggest students use. It was created in response to the student government's push for a more in-depth involvement in the roommate selection process.
More colleges are beginning to realize the benefits to these Web sites. University of South Carolina has a system called, U-CHOOSE and Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, according to miamistudent.net, plans to alter their roommate selection process by creating a site similar to the others previously mentioned.
Yet, some students choose to find their roommates on Web sites not linked to the school. But, is that any less random than, well, going random? Just because you have a picture of someone can you really say he or she is quality roommate?
"I looked on Facebook because I'm really picky and I want to make sure I'm familiar with the people I'm going to be sharing a living space with before I go to school. I joined a group for the dorm I am going to be living in next year and people posted information about themselves. I looked for people with similar interests as mine to message," said Katie Yonover, an incoming freshman at the University of Illinois.
Yonover explained that the group had a survey students could fill out to further narrow down their selection for prospective roommates. The questions on the survey were helpful to her. They were very basic such as 'Are you night person or morning person?' and 'What types of classes did you take in high school?'
However, college housing officials worry about too much reliance on these types of social networking sites. "One reason I am concerned about the use of Facebook is if it is used as a way of screening out based on things like ethnicity, sexual orientation or political views. By prejudging their fellow students on these sites students can inadvertently isolate themselves," Minor said.
Although there are many incoming freshman like Yonover that do use Facebook or other sites, there are still some others who would rather take the risk and not declare a roommate.
"I wanted the typical college experience," Bryan Doyle, a sophomore at Indiana University, said. "So I went random in order to meet new people. We are not best friends but we get along great. I am glad I didn't use Facebook because I have friends who did it that way and now hate each other."
Bree Formentini, an incoming freshman at DePaul University in Chicago, is not declaring a roommate and hoping for the best. At DePaul, Formentini has filled out a questionnaire but is not guaranteed that her roommate will match any of her criteria. "I want someone who is similar to me, but not just like me because I want to be able to appreciate my roommate for who she is," Formentini said.
In fact some schools go as far as to require randomness. According to the Dartmouth College housing office's Web site, the school does not let any student choose or request a roommate.
Peter Collins, now a DePauw sophomore, decided early on that he would not use facebook to find a roommate. Collins decided to room with someone he knew from high school.
"A lot of people told me that it was a bad idea to room with a friend, but I thought everything worked out. I figured it was better to know your roommate and not take the chance of possibly ending up with someone really weird," Collins said.
It is true not everyone has a good experience when they room with someone they have previously met. Meghan Anderson, who will be a junior at Miami University, knew her roommate from orientation programs. After realizing her roommate was not exactly who she thought she was. Anderson agreed to a roommate swap. She still ended up with someone that didn't fit her personality.
DeeDee Selby, an Indiana University sophomore, also roomed with a friend, as opposed to going random or using Facebook. True with any roommate and not just if you are rooming with a friend from home, to make things work you need to communicate early and often, Selby explained.
"The best way to make it work is anything that's bothering you, you need to be upfront about it and be honest, or else it will all build up and that's when people go nuts with their roommates. We are still best friends to this day, Selby said.
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Celtic Tiger’s Fortune Reversed
By Jill Gambon
The spectacular flameout of the Irish economy has caused massive upheaval in the country – impacting everything from job opportunities to the housing market to its political leadership.
Prof. Gary Murphy of Dublin City University, one of UMass Lowell’s partner universities, visited campus March 8 to deliver a talk outlining how that upheaval and subsequent bailout by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and European Union (EU) have transformed Ireland’s economic and political landscape.
“Ireland is a country in receivership,” said Murphy, who is currently a visiting Fulbright Scholar at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Murphy’s campus visit was sponsored by the UMass Lowell’s Center for Irish Partnerships
From 1995 to 2007, Ireland had one of the fastest-growing economies in Europe, earning it the handle “Celtic Tiger.” Fueled by massive amounts of direct foreign investment, relatively low corporate taxes, easy credit and other factors, employment soared, the housing market boomed and disposable income swelled. However, that came to a halt in 2008. Similar to events in the United States, the deflation of the housing bubble had particularly catastrophic effects.
“It was lunacy. Housing prices were ludicrously overvalued and regulators had taken their eyes off the ball,” Murphy said.
As income and tax revenues flat-lined in Ireland, government spending was slashed. Salaries for public employees were trimmed and pensions and benefits pared back. Finally, in 2010, the Irish government sought a controversial 85 billion euro ($121 billion) bailout from the IMF and EU. As a condition of the bailout, the country has to adhere to a strict fiscal regime.
The economic turmoil also led to turnover in the country’s political leadership. Fianna Fail, the country’s dominant political party, was ousted in 2011, replaced by a coalition of the Fine Gael and Labour parties. “Fianna Fail was the most successful political party in Western Europe. It was in power for 60 out of its 84 years in existence,” Murphy said. “That collapse in 2011 was a political tsunami. It changed a century of Irish political culture.”
With government austerity programs still in effect and the private sector still struggling to regain its footing, the prospects for a sustained economic recovery are uncertain. “People are afraid to spend. That could undermine a recovery,” Murphy said.
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I always knew decoding the human genome would be good for humanity. I didn't know it the way scientists knew it, but I thought a lot of good things might flow from it. And, lo and behold!, I was right! Along with research into finding cures for kidney disease, cancer, and heart disease, scientists have also been able to understand what makes skin age. Cures for serious illnesses AND better skin! Woo!
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Manta rays spend their lives in the ocean, sweeping up microscopic animals. And yet scientists have found that their well-being depends on forests. Meadows in the northwestern United States are ecologically linked to salmon thousands of miles out at sea. Today, I’ve got a piece in Yale Environment 360 in which I explore the bonds that join land and sea together. Check it out.
Links to this Post
- Darwiniana » The Vital Chain: Why Manta Rays Need Forests | May 18, 2012
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This video production contains music that has been licensed to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This license allows for the free distribution of the finished video production, in its entirety, by video tape, Compact or Digital Video disc, or internet streaming and downloading. It is intended for the private, personal use the Public. Any non-private use by the Public of this video product containing licensed music requires that a separate license be obtained. You are responsible for any license requirement resulting from your use of the music. - - The presence of endangered wildlife, migratory waterfowl and songbirds, graceful wading water birds, and a variety of amphibians, reptiles and mammals offer visitors up-close wildlife observation, photography and environmental education opportunities. - A complex of lakes, streams and impoundments attracts large and small games species for outdoor sportsmen who enjoy hunting and fishing. Quiet country roads, accessible hiking trails and strategically located observation platforms allow spectacular views of diverse habitats and wildlife species for more than 125,000 visitors every year. - This 13-minute video provides just a sampling of nature’s wonders that awaits you when you visit Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge and experience firsthand, a truly magical Southern Serenade.
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.
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Happy Birthday, Dr. Seuss!
--by Hanje Richards
Theodor Seuss Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss, was born on March 2, 1904. During his lifetime, he published over 60 children's books, which were often characterized by imaginative characters and rhyme. He wrote and illustrated books that were truly for “children of all ages.”.
In 2000, Publishers Weekly compiled a list of the best-selling children’s books of all time. Of the top 100 hardcover books, 16 were written by Dr. Seuss, including Green Eggs and Ham at number 4, The Cat in the Hat at number 9, and One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish at number 13. Two of the books that he wrote for adults with the same style as his children’s books are Oh, The Places You’ll Go! and You’re Only Old Once!.
In 1937, while Geisel was returning from an ocean voyage to Europe, the rhythm of the ship's engines inspired the poem that became his first book, And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street..
Many of Geisel's books are thought to express his views on a myriad of social and political issues: The Lorax (1971), about environmentalism and anti-consumerism; The Sneetches (1961), about racial equality; The Butter Battle Book (1984), about the arms race; Yertle the Turtle (1958), about anti-fascism and anti-authoritarianism; How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1957), about anti-materialism; and Horton Hears a Who! (1954), about anti-isolationism and internationalism.
Dr.Seuss illustrated his books as well as writing them. His earlier artwork often employed the shaded texture of pencil drawings or watercolors, but in children's books of the postwar period, he generally employed the starker medium of pen and ink, normally using just black, white, and one or two colors. Later books used more colors..
In his distinctive artwork, Geisel's figures are often rounded and somewhat droopy. This is true, for instance, the faces of some of his characters. It is also true of virtually all buildings and machinery that he drew, although these objects abound in straight lines in real life.
Geisel enjoyed drawing architecturally elaborate objects. His endlessly varied (but never rectilinear) palaces, ramps, platforms, and free-standing stairways are among his most evocative creations. He also drew elaborate imaginary machines and liked drawing outlandish arrangements of feathers or fur..
Geisel's images often convey motion vividly. He was fond of a sort of voilà gesture, in which the hand flips outward, spreading the fingers slightly backward with the thumb up. He was also fond of drawing hands with interlocked fingers, which looked as though the characters were twiddling their thumbs. He also follows the cartoon tradition of showing motion with lines. He uses line to illustrate the action of the senses (sight, smell, and hearing) and even of thought..
If you or your children or grandchildren have ever enjoyed a book by Dr.Seuss, share one of his books with someone on his birthday -- or any day. And if, by some chance, you have managed to miss the joy that is Seuss, visit the Copper Queen Library, browse through the 60+ titles we own (books, audiobooks, and movies), and choose a few to take home and enjoy today! You'll be glad you did....u
Check back tomorrow for a special Dr. Seuss birthday poem!
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Your seemingly sturdy pipes throughout your house are actually quite vulnerable to dropping temperatures. Stagnant water inside pipes can freeze and expand, warping and cracking your pipes in the process. And those cracked pipes can lead to water damage, and costly repairs.
Avoid potential headaches by doing the following:
- Examine the pipes in the unheated parts of your home. If any need to be insulated, there are a variety of products to keep them cozy and warm such as pre-slit foam, glass wool and others. You might even consider wrapping pipes in electrical heating tape, but just be sure to safely follow the manufacturer’s directions.
- Spot-check the walls around your pipes for holes that could let in a chilling winter wind. If you find any trouble areas, just plug up the opening with a caulking gun.
- Every house reacts differently, but if you’re unsure about a safe temperature to set the thermostat, don’t go lower than 55 degrees. While you may be able to squeak by with a lower temperature, 55 degrees is the base level considered safe for pipes.
- Consider turning off and draining your outside hose bibs. These faucets are particularly vulnerable to freezing.
Don’t get caught out in the cold this season. Take the necessary measures to ensure that your pipes and house are safe from plummeting temperatures. That way you can all snuggle up next to a crackling fire with cups of hot cocoa knowing that your plumbing is out of harm’s way.
For some more winterizing tips, check out this cool infographic!
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I often talk about how lots of beauty products contain ingredients that may be very harmful to your health. You can work hard to increase your beauty, but it shouldn’t hurt you! Still, I was disturbed to read this report showing that lab tests of popular lipsticks contained lead 55 percent of the time! It’s particularly gross to me, considering how obviously, all of us women inevitably end up eating at least a portion of our lipstick every time we put it on.
How can this happen? According to the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, the FDA doesn’t regulate the amount of lead or other unsafe ingredients cosmetic can contain. Instead, the government relies largely on the industry to regulate itself. Unfortunately, the result is that more than half of the brands recently tested contained the dangerous ingredient.
This isn’t even the first time this year that lipstick has come under fire for containing lead. In February, an FDA analysis showed that 400 shades of lipstick contained at least trace amounts of lead, including those made by cosmetic industry giants such as L’Oreal, NARS, Cover Girl and Maybelline. Busted! A 2009 FDA study showed some lipsticks contained as high as 3.09 ppm of lead. No level of lead is considered safe for human consumption.
Lead Poisoning and Other Problems
Lead in lipstick is especially concerning given how likely women are to ingest at least a little bit of their lipstick every time they refresh it. There is no safe level for lead in the human body. For example, a 2006 study showed that people with as little as 2 mcg/dL of lead in their blood were more likely to die of a heart attack or stroke. Other health issues associated with lead in the human body include:
- Nervous system defects such as brain disease, convulsions, disrupted release of neurotransmitters, cerebral palsy, slowed nerve conduction, dizziness, decreased reaction time, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, tremor, numbness, tingling, and reduced touch sensitivity
- Cognitive and mental issues including decreased IQ, poor cognitive function, depression, learning disabilities, anxiety, poor concentration, changes in personality, decreased learning ability, loss of short-term memory, poor verbal function, and autism in genetically predisposed individuals.
- Growth and development issues including weight issues, osteoporosis, hampered neurodevelopment, and impaired endocrine function
- Sensory problems such as auditory sensitivity, hearing impairment, altered auditory processing, poor spatial relations, vision and hearing loss, and degenerating retinas
- Behavioral problems such as violence, lethargy, fatigue, irritability, aggression, inappropriate behaviors, hyperactivity, attention span problems, anti-social behaviors, and restlessness
- Digestive system disorders including vomiting, cramping, anorexia, impaired vitamin D metabolism, poor appetite, diarrhea, and constipation
- Kidney disorders kidney disease or failure, nephritis, gout, and renal hypertension
- Heart and lung function problems such as high blood pressure, anemia, coronary artery disease, electrolyte imbalance, and platelet dysfunction
- Skeletal dysfunction including joint pain, changes in bone marrow, lower extremity cramping, and increased risk of fracture
- Other problems such as headaches, poor hand-eye coordination, adrenal fatigue, paralysis, difficulty sleeping, aches and pains, muscular weakness, cell damage, loss of fine motor skills
Scary stuff! There is no good in getting shiny red lips at the sacrifice of these enormous potential health issues.
That being said…you can still get those shiny red lips with better, safe options! And not at the expense of looking great. These are my favorite natural lipsticks, which work wonderfully and have great color choices:
I love the Siren lipsticks by Vapour Beauty. I own like 5 colors, and keep them in my bathroom and purse both. Sometimes I wear them with gloss on top, and sometimes I don’t. They are luscious and long-lasting.
Sally B’s B Glossy Lip Gloss comes in four great shades, and it’s gluten-free, lead-free and made with 95 percent organic ingredients. Plus, I just love the way it makes my lips look and feel. It moisturizes and makes my lips very shiny and pretty. At $18 per 7 gram wand, B Glossy Lip Gloss makes a great stocking stuffer.
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Climbing for a cause
by Staff Writer
by Hugh Fisher
Ineke Van der Meulen has seen a lot of sights since moving to the U.S. from Holland as a teenager. She hasn’t stopped traveling since.
“I’ve been to the pyramids, I’ve been on the Great Wall of China,” Van der Meulen said.
In September, she will face her next big challenge: climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, the tallest mountain in Africa.
The trek up the 19,000-foot mountain will take 72 to 96 hours between Sept. 10 and 15.
But that doesn’t worry Van der Meulen, though she’s admittedly not an avid mountain climber.
Van der Meulen will join 19 other climbers from area Rotary clubs. Macon Dunnagan Jr., of Charlotte, who, according to his blog, has reached the summit 20 times, will lead the climb.
Rotarians plan to raise more than $60,000 to help end polio worldwide.
“There’s no mountain too high to climb,” Van der Meulen said, when it comes to helping children in parts of the world who still suffer the crippling effects of polio.
Polio, also known as infantile paralysis, is all but forgotten in the U.S., thanks to vaccines developed in the 1950s.
Today only three nations in the world – Afghanistan, Pakistan and Nigeria – still suffer from widespread polio infections, reports the World Health Organization.
Eradication efforts led by the WHO, Rotary International and other groups have turned the tide. India was once one of the most severely afflicted nations. Today the country is almost polio-free, with no cases reported since January 2011.
Van der Meulen said she is climbing to help raise not only funds, but also awareness that this disease is still a threat.
“As long as the polio virus is still alive, polio is only one plane-ride away from returning to our country,” she said.
The climb is a personal goal for Van der Meulen.
“It’s one of the things on my bucket list,” she said.
She and climbing partner Bob Wilson have been climbing ridges around North Carolina, but her training regimen is about to shift into high gear. Van der Meulen will be working with her personal trainer three times a week.
“You’ve got to be in good shape, but it’s also the altitude,” she said. “That’s not something you can train for.”
The Kilimanjaro climb will be a steep uphill walk, but oxygen thins at those heights. Climbers can suffer from dangerous medical problems if they aren’t acclimated properly.
Her fundraising efforts are also building steadily. To try to reach as many people as possible, Van der Meulen said she plans to ask 300 people for $10 each.
That small amount, she said, may be enough to save the lives of several children. Since 2005, Van der Meulen has operated The World In Our Backyard, an educational program providing cultural instruction and experiences.
“I’m motivated,” Van der Meulen said. “I know I can do it. I’m not even going to say ‘I’m going to try.’ I will do it.”
Want to help?
North Carolina Rotarians’ climb to end polio: www.Rotary7680.org.
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Copy & paste this link to your blog or website to reference this page
Quotation by Shakespeare
He does smile his face into more lines than is in the new map with the augmentation of the Indies.
William Shakespeare (1564–1616), British dramatist, poet. Maria, in Twelfth Night, act 3, sc. 2, l. 78-80.
On Malvolio, referring to the mew Mercator map of 1600, showing the East Indies in full.
Surprise me with a
The Columbia World of Quotations © 1996, Columbia University Press.
Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. Except as otherwise permitted by written agreement, the following are prohibited: copying substantial portions or the entirety of the work in machine readable form, making multiple printouts thereof, and other uses of the work inconsistent with U.S. and applicable foreign copyright and related laws.
Copyright © 2013 Dictionary.com, LLC. All rights reserved.
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Even before these Japanese plans were made, and long before Admiral Yamamoto sortied eastward, all U.S. military planners recognized the vulnerable position of the Midway Atoll.2 Especially was this position clear in the light of early Japanese successes elsewhere in the Pacific, and none was more keenly aware of the grim situation that the atoll's small garrison force. The 12 PBYs of VP-21 were soon withdrawn, and little help was expected from the crippled fleet. But on 17 December, while the 6th Marine Defense Battalion worked to improve existing defense installations, 17 SB2U-3s (Vindicators) of Marine Scout-Bomber Squadron 231 (VMSB-231) flew in unexpectedly from Hawaii. Led by Major Clarence J. Chappell, Jr., and assisted in over-water navigation by a PBY, the obsolescent craft made the 1,137-mile hop in nine hours and twenty minutes.3 Other reinforcements, including about 100 officers and men of Batteries A and C of the 4th Defense Battalion, left Pearl Harbor on 19 December with the old Navy 7-inch4 and the 3-inch guns which had been shipped to Pearl Harbor for Midway prior to the outset of war.
Chapter 3: Midway Girds for Battle1
This force, on board the USS Wright, arrived on Christmas Eve, and Lieutenant Colonel Harold D. Shannon, who commanded Marine defense forces on the atoll, turned over to Battery A (Captain Custis Burton, Jr.) the mission of installing and manning the 7-inch and 3-inch batteries to be emplaced on Eastern Island. Battery C (First Lieutenant Lewis A. Jones) was assigned the job of setting up its 3-inch battery on Sand Island.5
Next day Midway received another Christmas present: 14 Brewster F2A-3s, the air echelon of Marine Fighter Squadron 221 (VMF-221), flew in from the USS Saratoga which was retiring from the abortive attempt to relieve Wake Island. This squadron immediately began a daily schedule of air search and patrolling. On 26 December the USS Tangier brought in
Battery B of the 4th Defense Battalion (First Lieutenant Frank G. Umstead); additional machine gunners and 12 antiaircraft machine guns from the Special Weapons Group of that same battalion; an aviation contingent of three officers and 110 enlisted Marines constituting the ground echelon of VMF-221; aviation supplies; additional radar; and much-needed base-defense artillery material. Umstead's 5-inch battery, along with the island's other 7-inch battery, were set up south of the radio station on Sand Island. By New Year's Day of 1942 Midway was garrisoned by a strongly-reinforced defense battalion, and one fighter and one scout-bomber squadron.
A major air base took shape on Eastern Island under the direction of Lieutenant Colonel William J. Wallace who on 9 January became commanding officer of the Marine Aviation Detachment. Individual aircraft bunkers and underground personnel shelters were built, emergency fueling expedients devised, radars calibrated, and inexperienced operators trained to use them properly. Colonel Wallace was assisted by Major Walter L.J. Bayler, the Marine aviation officer who had been sent back from Wake with that atoll's last reports.6
The first test of this defense came on 25 January during twilight general quarters when a Japanese submarine surfaced abruptly and opened fire on Sand Island, apparently trying to knock out the radio station. Battery D opened up with its 3-inch guns and forced the enemy craft to crash-dive three minutes after it had surfaced. Sand Island and the adjacent lagoon had receive from 10 to 15 indiscriminate hits, and Captain Buckner's Battery D had expended 24 rounds.
The next action against the atoll came two weeks later, on 8 February, when another submarine appeared less than 1,000 yards south of Sand Island and opened fire on the radio towers. Captain Loren S. Fraser's Battery A opened fire on this boat, and it submerged after Marines had returned two rounds. The enemy had hit a concrete ammunition magazine, but fortunately the small arms ammunition was no detonated. Two days later another submarine--or the same one--surfaced almost directly below two Marine fighter planes flying the sunset antisubmarine patrol. The submarine got off two rounds before First Lieutenant John F. Carey and Second Lieutenant Philip R. White, the fliers, could launch a diving attack. Both rounds from the submarine splashed in the lagoon, and then the boat was driven under water by the air attack just as the batteries of the 6th Defense Battalion were going into action. This was the last time for a number of months that Midway was troubled by enemy submarines.
As the winter wore on, Midway's air arm began to profit from the general expansion of Marine Corps aviation, and the two squadrons and their small provisional headquarters on 1 March became Marine Aircraft Group 22 (MAG-22). On 20 April Lieutenant Colonel Wallace was succeeded in command by Major Ira L. Kimes, and at the same time Major Lofton R. Henderson took command of VMSB-241 (the new designation of former VMSB-231). This was a busy time for MAG-22, which was then converting Eastern Island from a small advanced air base to a major installation capable of handling as many squadrons and aircraft types as could
physically be accommodated and protected there.
On 10 March, during the work and reorganization, the Marine fliers got their first test against enemy aircraft. Radar picked up a Japanese four-engined "Mavis" (Kawanishi 97) approximately 45 miles west of Midway, and 12 fighters under Captain Robert M. Haynes vectored out to intercept. They made contact with the enemy flying boat at 10,000 feet and shot it down.
Although the enemy plane did as well as it could to fight off this attack, this contact was more important as intelligence for Nimitz' staff in Pearl Harbor than as a test for the Marine fliers. Two aircraft of this type had tumbled four bombs into the hills behind Honolulu on the night of 3-4 March, and Nimitz already believed that this portended an offensive toward Hawaii. Now this new sighting near Midway gave added weight to his estimate, and this information went into the CinCPac intelligence "hopper" which shortly thereafter reached the considered opinion that the Japanese attack would strike Midway. By this time the Japanese code had been broken, also.7 Thus were the fragments pieced together into Nimitz' May 1942 decision which caused him to wager nearly every ship he had in an early sortie from Pearl Harbor to the position 300 miles northeast of Midway from which the Japanese could be intercepted.
It was a bold, even though well-calculated, wager. The many ships on South Pacific convoy duty had to be left on their important jobs; Halsey's Enterprise and Hornet had rushed from the Doolittle launching area part way to the Coral Sea and back again to Pearl Harbor where they were placed under a new commander, Rear Admiral Raymond A. Spruance; Fletcher's Yorktown had just limped in from the Coral Sea needing an estimated 90 days of repair work; and all the Fleet's battleships were on the west coast where they could not be used (partly because Nimitz felt he did not have enough air strength to protect them, anyway). But Nimitz was convinced that his intelligence estimate was correct, and that the stand had to be made.
For the engagement Nimitz gave Fletcher, in over-all tactical charge,8 direct command of Task Force 17 which included the Yorktown (rushed into shape in two days rather than 90), two cruisers, and six destroyers. Spruance commanded Task Force 16 which included the Enterprise and Hornet, six cruisers, and nine destroyers. Four oilers and 19 submarines also were assigned to the area, and, in addition, a North Pacific Force was formed of five cruisers and ten destroyers to screen the Aleutians. The Japanese had him outnumbered on all counts, and Nimitz knew that the enemy would be gunning for the three U.S. carriers. But his carriers likewise were his only hope, and the admiral ordered his subordinates to apply the rule of calculated risk when they went in with their air groups to stop the Japanese.
While Nimitz readied this reception committee, the Japanese completed their Midway plans and polished the rough operational edges with carrier training and
rehearsals. By the last week of May, all Japanese fleet elements were underway, and on decks Imperial sailors sunbathed and sang songs--vocal eruptions of what has been described as the "Victory Disease."9
Meanwhile on Midway, the focal point for these vast efforts, Marines got their first inkling of all this attention when Nimitz flew in on 2 May to see their senior officer, Lieutenant Colonel Shannon, and the atoll commander, Commander Cyril T. Simard. The admiral inspected the installations, and then directed Shannon to submit a detailed list of all supplies and equipment he would need to defend the atoll against a strong attack. Nimitz promised that all available items requested would be forwarded immediately, and within less than a week men and material were being embarked in Hawaii to bolster the island's strength.
Three more 3-inch antiaircraft batteries totaling 12 guns, a 37mm antiaircraft battery of eight guns, and a 20mm antiaircraft battery of 18 guns were temporarily detached from the 3d Defense Battalion of Pearl Harbor; and two rifle companies of the 2d Marine Raider Battalion, together with a platoon of five light tanks, also were sent along to Midway. For MAG-22, still flying Brewster fighters and Vought Vindicator dive bombers, there would be 16 SBD-2 dive bombers and seven relatively new Grumman F4F-3 fighters.
Shortly after his return from Midway to Pearl Harbor, Nimitz arranged "spot" promotions to captain and colonel respectively for Simard and Shannon, and described to them in a joint personal letter the steps being taken to reinforce their atoll against the anticipated attack. Japanese D-Day, the admiral predicted would be about 28 May. On the day they received this letter, Simard and Shannon conferred on their final plans for defense, and that evening Colonel Shannon assembled his key subordinates and warned them of the impending enemy attack. Additional defensive measures and priorities of final efforts were outlined, and all recreational activities suspended. May 25 was set as the deadline for completion of the measures ordered.
On the 25th, however, came two welcomed changes for the picture. First, Nimitz passed the word that the Japanese attack was not expected until early June, and, second, the first reinforcements arrived. On this date the USS St. Louis came in with the 37mm antiaircraft battery of the 3d Defense Battalion plus the two companies of raiders. Four of the 37s were emplaced on each island while Raider Company C (Captain Donald H. Hastie) went to Sand Island, and Company D (First Lieutenant John Apergis) to Eastern Island.
Next day the aircraft tender Kittyhawk arrived with the 3d Defense Battalion's 3-inch antiaircraft group commanded by Major Chandler W. Johnson, the light tank platoon for the mobile reserve, and the SBD-2s and the F4F-3s. In the following week additional Army and Navy planes arrived, and by 31 May there were 107 aircraft on the island.10
For the ground forces and key civilian workers who had remained behind to help defend the island, the week was equally busy. Reinforcing weapons were installed, tanks tested in the sand, all defensive concentrations registered in, and the emplacing of an extensive system of obstacles, mines and demolitions completed. Sand Island now was surrounded with two double-apron barbed wire barriers, and all installations on both islands were ringed by protective wire. Antiboat mines of sealed sewer pipe, and obstacles of reinforcing steel lay offshore; the beaches were sown with homemade mines of ammunition boxes filled with dynamite and 20-penny nails; cigar box antitank mines covered likely beach exits; and bottles of Molotov cocktail stood ready at every position. A decoy mockup airplane (a JFU-Japanese fouler-upper) was spotted prominently on the seaplane apron, and all underground fuel storage areas on Sand Island were prepared for emergency destruction by demolition.11
Table of Contents ** Previous Chapter (2) * Next Chapter (4)
Editor's Note: Material contained in Chapters 3 and 4 is derived mainly from Chapters III and IV of the historical monograph Marines at Midway by Lieutenant Colonel Robert D. Heinl, Jr., published by Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1948, This has been extensively rewritten and checked against sources subsequently brought to light.
See Part II for a description of the geography and history of Midway.
This was then the longest massed flight of single engine landplanes on records, and it had been carried out with no surface rescue craft available. CO MAG-21 serial 1173 to MGC, 19Dec41. The flight took off from Hickam since Ewa's runways were too short for the heavily-laden planes to use with complete safety.
These 7-inch weapons had been removed from pre-World War I battleships and stored in reserve at naval yards. K.J. Bauer, "Ships of the Navy, 1775-1945", (MS available from the author).
Interview with LtCol C. Burton, Jr., 26Sep47, hereinafter cited as Burton. The two Eastern Island batteries were located side by side on the south shore of the island, near the western tip, and the San Island battery was set up along the north shore of Sand Island.
LtCol W.J. Wallace ltr to Col C.A. Larkin, 18Jan42.
Battle That Doomed Japan,, 131; U.S. & Sea Power, 686.
Fletcher was senior to Spruance, and thus became Officer in Tactical Command. But as it turned out, Spruance exercised practically an independent command during the critical days of 4-6 June, and this probably was fortunate because Fletcher had no aviation staff while Spruance had inherited Halsey's.
Battle That Doomed Japan, 245. "... the spread of the virus was so great," the authors say, "that its effect may be found on every level of the planning and execution of the Midway operation."
By this date the daily aviation gasoline consumption of planes based on Eastern Island was 65,000 gallons, and the following numbers of planes were based there; U.S. Army--four B-26s and 17 B-17s; U.S. Navy--16 PBY-5As and six TBFs; U.S. Marine Corps--19 SBD-2s, 17 SB2U-3s, 21 F2A-3s, and seven F4F-3s.
The demolition system worked, too. On 22 May a sailor threw the wrong switch and blew up a good portion of the aviation gasoline. The supply was so critical after this that the pilots who arrived on the Kittyhawk did not get a prebattle chance to check out in their SBD-2s. Pipe lines also were wrecked in the blast, and MAG-22 thereafter had to refuel all planes by hand from 55-gallon drums.
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MIAMI BEACHWith nearly 228 million people accessing the Internet worldwide, it has become impossible not to give at least some thought as to how it may be affecting physicians practices and whether you should jump onto the webpage bandwagon.
Speaking at the annual meeting of the Network for Oncology Communication and Research (NOCR), Chris Efessious said that 68% of the people accessing the Internet use it for news and information, 56% for travel, 50% for movies and entertainment, and 46% for health and medicine information.
Your patients are probably getting information before they walk into your office, said Mr. Efessious, of Boron LePore Digital Communications.
A webpage immediately sets a physicians office apart from others if it has some or all of the following elements: a welcome, practice information, education, patient support areas, and contact information. The latter is most important in Mr. Efessious view.
Many websites miss this fundamental issue of why they even exist, he said. A good website needs to put information out, but it also must get information back in.
Information can be brought back in through online patient surveys and digital scheduling whereby patients can make their own appointments electronically. Its not so difficult to keep control of the schedule, Mr. Efessious said, if certain times or days are blocked off for electronic scheduling.
Communicating With Others MDs
A webpage is also a good sales tool, as it can give referring physicians and colleagues access to information about their patients, Mr. Efessious said. A mailing distribution list called a ListServ can be used to inform referring physicians of news and practice updates.
He added that private, password-protected chat rooms can be set up where colleagues can meet for virtual morning rounds.
Using the webpage wisely can give a practice more presence and differentiate it from others. But, it cannot just be a billboard, he said. The webpage can be used for conducting online patient education classes, for example, or as an information and registration page where people can find out where and when the classes are being held.
Areas for patients to post questions such as bulletin boards or a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) area represent other ways to get information in.
The idea of an Ask the Doctor area gave the NOCR audience some pause. An oncologist with a large breast cancer practice asked about being inadvertently dragged into litigation if an answer given online were ever used in court.
Dr. Stan Winokur, director of the NOCR, which has its own webpage (www.nocr.com), put the question in a social context. What you and your patients discuss behind closed doors about their particular problem is far different from what you would say at a cocktail party, he said, or on the Internet. Both Dr. Winokur and Mr. Efessious said that answers to questions online should always be qualified and only stated in general terms.
I believe smart doctors are going to recognize this as an extension of what weve been doing for the last 25 years, Dr. Winokur said. Its a new tool; you may use it selectively, but you need to know that its out there and a lot of people are using it.
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Petrol cars cheaper to run than dieselDiesels could cost you more in the long term
18 July 2012
Despite superior fuel economy and usually lower car tax, a Which? investigation has found that diesel cars are often more expensive to run than petrol cars.
This year is set to be the first in which diesel cars will make up more than half the new car market. However, a Which? comparison of diesel and petrol versions of six popular car models has found that petrol engines can often be the more cost effective choice for drivers covering a typical annual mileage.
Diesel engines in the popular BMW 5 Series, Ford Fiesta, Vauxhall Astra and Volkswagen Tiguan may deliver cheaper fuel bills than their petrol counterparts initially, but it takes many years before they will actually save the average driver money*.
With drivers having to pay a premium for a diesel car – typically £1,000 to £2,000 extra on a new car - our tests reveal that it could take up to 14 years to recoup the upfront costs in fuel savings. Lower pump prices for petrol and advances in petrol-engine efficiency mean that petrol cars now often provide better value for money.
Which?’s own fuel-economy tests also often fell short of the manufacturers’ claims for both diesel and petrol cars, meaning that motorists shouldn’t place their faith in official miles per gallon (mpg) figures.
Which? executive director, Richard Lloyd, said:
“Fuel price rises have been hitting household budgets hard, so it’s important that consumers know they are getting value for money when they buy a car.
“Diesel cars are known for their fuel efficiency, but with lower pump prices for petrol and a premium price tag for diesel cars, it may make more financial sense for families to go for the petrol version.”
The Which? study also considered reliability, taking information directly from the 2012 Which? Car Survey, which found that petrol cars are generally more reliable than diesels – both in the first three years of their life (the typical warranty period), and even more so between four and eight years old.
*Which? tested popular cars from superminis to estates and 4x4s, looking at identical-spec petrol and diesel versions of the Ford Fiesta, Vauxhall Astra, Volkswagen Tiguan, Volkswagen Sharan, BMW 5 Series, and Peugeot 308 SW. We calculated the annual fuel bill for each based on a mileage of 10,672 (the average annual mileage in the 2012 Which? Car Survey).
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Johannes Kepler (IPA: kʰɛplɐ) (December 27, 1571 – November 15, 1630) was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer, and key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution. He is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astronomy. They also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation. (from Wikipedia)
In his Astronomia Nova 1609, Kepler pronounced (as quoted verbatim in Pair Spolter Graviational Forces of the Sun, ISBN 0-9638107-5-8)
1st Law - The orbit of a planet is elliptical and the Sun the source of motion is in one of the foci of this ellipse.
2nd Law - The apparent diurnal arcs of one eccentric are almost exactly proportional to the square of their distances from the Sun.
3rd Law - The periodic times of any two planets are to each other exactly as the cubes of the square roots of their mean distance.
Kepler's first book was entitled Mysterium Cosmographicum, or "The Secret of the Universe."
While teaching astronomy and mathematics in Graz, Kepler remained receptive to questions that would usually be ranked as philosophical. In particular, he wanted to know why there were six planets, why they were spaced as they were, and why they moved as they did. These were common questions for a natural philosopher to ask, but an astronomer was not usually reckoned responsible for these kinds of inquiries. Yet Kepler attempted not only to use Copernicus's heliocentric system, but to justify it as physically real. The theory based on the perfect solids, and published in the Mysterium, came to him, he claimed, in something approaching a revelation.
Kepler believed that his model using the five Platonic solids was perfect because it answered two of his three questions so elegantly. He proposed that the six planets moved in spaces defined by the spheres fitted around the five solids. These solids were the simplest, and therefore the most desirable, three-dimensional figures, and Kepler reasoned that God had based the solar system on them. This would account for that fact that there were exactly six planets, and also for the spaces between their orbs. The two images above are his own portrayals of this model, that on the right being a close-up view of the central planets. Kepler spent considerable time and money trying to get a real device made to these specifications, in hopes of presenting it to a courtly patron. But he never succeeded. Even so, and although he modified his theory slightly when he wrote the Harmonices Mundi, he continued to believe in its fundamental principles until he died. http://www.cco.caltech.edu/~winter/unilab/module1650/kepler/3d.html
Kepler Music of the Spheres
Kepler Music Theory
Kepler Theory of Harmony
Kepler's First Law
Kepler's Second Law
Kepler's Third Law
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WebMD Health News
Daniel J. DeNoon
Louise Chang, MD
April 26, 2007 -- An experimental blood test for prostate cancer seems to
work better than the current PSA test -- and can tell whether the cancer is
The new test looks for a protein called EPCA-2 -- or early prostate cancer
antigen 2. Unlike the PSA (prostate-specific antigen) protein on which the
current PSA test is based, this protein isn't found in normal prostate cells.
Instead, EPCA-2 occurs in relatively large amounts only in prostate cancer
The test is being developed by Robert H. Getzenberg, PhD, director of
urology research at Johns Hopkins University's Brady Urological Institute.
Getzenberg began the work while still at the University of Pittsburgh; the test
has been licensed to the Seattle biotech firm Onconome Inc.
"We wanted to find something that really identified people with prostate
cancer and not people with enlarged or infected prostates," Getzenberg
tells WebMD. "This is as close to cancer specific as we could find. We
found it is very unique. It is 97% specific, meaning that if you test positive
there's only a 3% chance you don't have prostate cancer."
Getzenberg has a financial interest in the test. But experts who do not
stand to gain from the test agree that it has enormous potential.
Otis Brawley, MD, chief of the solid tumor service at Emory University's
Winship Cancer Institute, calls the test "important" and predicts it
will be widely used.
Charles A. Coltman Jr., MD, associate chairman for cancer control and
prevention at San Antonio's Southwest Oncology Group, calls the findings
"striking" and "remarkable," although he warns that the test
has been tried out on only a small number of patients.
Ganesh Palapattu, MD, assistant professor of urology at the University of
Rochester, agrees that more studies must be done. But he tells WebMD that the
test is a big step toward the "Holy Grail of prostate cancer detection: not
so much identifying men with prostate cancer, but identifying men with prostate
cancer who have aggressive disease."
"This not only helps tell whether you have prostate cancer, but what
kind of prostate cancer you have," Getzenberg says.
Getzenberg and colleagues report early studies of the EPCA-2 test in the
April issue of the journal Urology.
Nobody is entirely happy with the current PSA test for prostate cancer. A
man without prostate cancer can have high PSA levels. A man with advanced
prostate cancer may have very low PSA levels.
Getzenberg's team tried out the EPCA-2 test on blood samples from several
different groups of people. Some were known to have early prostate cancer or
late prostate cancer, and some had other kinds of cancer. Some had enlarged
prostates, but not cancer. Some were women, who have no prostate gland. And
some were healthy men with normal PSA levels.
Both in terms of detecting cancer when it was actually there (sensitivity),
and in terms of not detecting cancer when it wasn't actually there
(specificity), the EPCA-2 test beat the PSA test.
More importantly, it beat the PSA test in predicting whether prostate cancer
already had spread outside the prostate gland. When that has happened, standard
treatments for prostate cancer -- radical prostatectomy (surgery to remove the
prostate) and brachytherapy (tiny radioactive seeds implanted in the prostate)
-- fail to cure.
"I predict that within the next year, this test is going to be widely
used to find the guy who has prostate cancer and who, if he got radical
prostatectomy, would relapse very quickly," Brawley tells WebMD. "It is
going to say to this guy, 'Skip the unnecessary surgery and get pelvic
radiation and hormone treatment now.'"
Getzenberg says it will be at least two years before the test is "out on
the street" with FDA approval. All of the experts who spoke to WebMD agree
that large-scale screening tests will be needed before it's known exactly how
well the test works.
"What we really need to know is how this test behaves in all comers --
when we don't already know whether the men being tested have prostate
cancer," Palapattu says. "It would also be important to identify men
with high risk of prostate cancer vs. low risk of prostate cancer, and to test
men after prostate surgery to see whether it can predict cancer
When -- and if -- the EPCA-2 test is approved, men will still need better
prostate cancer tests.
"At least a third, maybe two-thirds of guys with localized disease have
cancer that will never leave the prostate and never bother them," Brawley
says. "This new test is not going to help those guys who get treated for
prostate cancer but shouldn't. I hope there will be help for these men
SOURCES: Leman, E.S. Urology, April 2007; vol 69: pp 714-720. Robert
H. Getzenberg, PhD, director of urology research, Brady Urological Institute;
professor of urology, oncology, pharmacology, and molecular sciences, Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore. Otis Brawley, MD, professor of epidemiology,
Rollins School of Public Health; associate director for cancer control and
chief of the solid tumor service, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University,
Atlanta. Charles A. Coltman Jr., MD, associate chairman for cancer control and
prevention, Southwest Oncology Group, San Antonio. Ganesh Palapattu, MD,
assistant professor of urology, University of Rochester, N.Y.
Here are the most recent story comments.View All
The views expressed here do not necessarily represent those of WETM 18 Online
The Health News section does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.
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Test scores do not accurately assess the knowledge of a student. You can have an off day, and that will haunt you forever. For example, you didnt get enough sleep the night before the sat or act, and then boom. Your dream college wont accept you. All of this funnels down to pressured tests that stress students and decrease their potential.
Performance on a timed test demonstrates how an individual performs under pressure, but a portfolio demonstrates what a person is capable of when given time to perfect a project. A good portfolio can show growth and spotlight characteristics not obvious to a scantron.
ACTs should be used because there is so many student who want to go to school and dont have the knowledge to get to where there going and with the ACTs a person can prepare themselves to do what is best for there lifes and there future. I agree with emphasis on ACTs.
The traditional college assessment guidelines, including the ACT and SAT programs, should be routinely revised and updated to include more basic applications of real-life situations that reflect the current business and academic climate, as well as society. In most traditional colleges and universities, I feel that not enough educational principles are being taught that can be applied to everyday life which begins with the entrance assessment programs as most of their results only reflect a small percentage of an individual's overall personal and academic capabilities.
It is evident that through 4 ACT tests taken, subject scores varied from 4 to 6. Why can't you take the highest scores of multiple tests and make that your average. In school, I have 3.8 GPA and help others that get scores of 28 - 30. Understand the material. On the ACT I'm a 24, but my best of all scores could have made me a 27. Also, luck should never be allowed on a test of this magnitude. Scores would change dramatically if it were fill in the blank instead of picking a, b, c, or d.
I am an "adult" student. I haven't been in school for 9 years and haven't studied math in 10. I scored 90 on my English and missed the essay by a point. The math (college algebra) I didn't do as well in. I need to have college algebra, eng 101 and 102, bio 101, psych 101, a&p 101 and 102 for my major. I know myself, and I know if I tae the courses I need I will do fine because I am being taught. To throw someone into a test on something they haven't used in 9-10 years is just ignorance. Even the advisors of the school stated that they wouldn't have done as well as I did. My first argument is "it's my money, loan, or aid and I should be able to choose the courses I desire and feel I can accomplish." My second argument is "if the student hasn't attended school in the past 3 years, there should be some type of study classes prior to testing." I am truly frustrated because now a major that would have taken me 2 1/2 years will now take me at the least. 3-4 years!
There are many students who are good students that do not perform well on standardized tests, such as the ACT or SAT. My niece is one. She got almost all A's in school, but did horrible on the SAT. There are also people who perform well on the standardized tests that do not do well in college. I think colleges need to come up with other ways to assess students that are more accurate for all.
Tests like the ACT and the SAT are long and tedious, and provide no good assessment of student's academic ability. They ask mundane questions that don't pertain to anything related to college. It is unfair that students have to sit through these useless tasks, and on top of it all pay money for it.
When I took my SAT & ACT I had to retake it twice just to get a score good enough to get a full 100% scholarship, which is a 1260 SAT/28 ACT. To the SAT scorers, a 1260 is average...Well, these generalized test that test on vocabulary that you have to take a specific class (SAT PREP CLASS) just to pass. These test are a class in themselves! Students should have the opportunity to show what they are good at, not have the intelligence measured by a over-generalized test.
Not all students perform well on standardized exams. Furthermore, standardized tests aren't always the best way to asses students. Often, standardized tests focus on how well your test-taking skills are, as opposed to knowledge of the material.
A student's performance on the ACT and SAT is not a complete picture of the student. While both require a degree of critical thought, both cater to students who are inclined to "follow the rules and get a good grade," while proving a stumbling block for those who want to rewrite the rules. I think that teacher recommendations and essays which demand a high degree of critical thought will create a more complete picture of the student. It will also be a good indicator of whether a student is ready to meet the higher demands of higher education. Many I see in my introductory classes simply aren't ready to be there.
Majors relating to the performance of a given art (i.e. painting, photography, film, acting, sculpture, and so on) do not rely as heavily on ACT or SAT scores. Students can score badly on such tests and still be able to produce incredible pieces of art. Colleges accepting students into such majors should look more closely at their ability to perform such arts.
Kids living in impoverished communities have many other obligations that take away dedication from school work. Even the brightest, due to culture, family values etc, have limited resources and opportunity. Because those who truly aren't able to dedicate enough time to study end up with low SAT/ACT scores that put them in bad light. They aren't able to show their true potential therefore losing admittance to their dream colleges.
The ACT and SAT are standardize tests. Granted, these are tests of the basic knowledge an individual will need if he or she is going to be attending a college. Sometimes, however, students do poorly on these tests due to some circumstances that may have occurred at that particular time. How about a college entrance exam as an alternative?
I have personally known several people who have had stellar careers in college academically, while under-performing on the SAT. I outscored my own brother by almost 100 points on the SAT, and yet he earned an honors level degree, while I graduated with no honors. If the SAT had been the only evaluation tool, he would not have had the opportunity that he did.
You can't please everyone with one solution. Colleges use standardized tests like the ACT or SAT because it is a simple formula to compare all applicants. One problem is many people suffer from test anxiety and score lower when put into a highly monitored timed situation.
There are classes that claim to improve test scores for the price of a few classes. The test is suppose to show an accumulated wealth of knowledge over a school career. There has to be something lacking in the tests that a class can magically 'improve' that score.
Yes, colleges should look at a student as a package. There are poor students who do extremely well on standardized tests, and there are good students who do extremely poorly on standardized tests. Standardized tests are not the sum of a student. Other things, such as admissions essays, GPA, recommendation letters, and an interview, should be taken into consideration.
Examinations such as the ACT and SAT do not provide adequate information on the student. SAT and ACT scores are simply a reflection of how much a student knew their sophomore or junior year of high school. Students accumulate knowledge in preparation for college and there should be additional testing that could overrule their ACT/SAT scores.
The ACT and SAT are traditional and nationwide standards for high school students looking towards college to focus on. If colleges and universities started focusing on more assessments than those, it would be more difficult for aspiring secondary education students to know what to prepare for, in order to apply to the schools of their choice. High school is complicated enough.
Colleges need a standard way of assessing the academic abilities of students entering their institutions. The ACT and SAT offer that. That does not mean that they can not consider high school performance or portfolios. However, the standardized tests allow the institutions to assess which students will need remedial work in order before being allowed to take college level courses. There is no reason why a person entering college cannot do well on these exams. Students can go to preparatory classes for these exams, get practice books from bookstores, or practice on-line. Students need to be pro-active on their own behalf. If they are not, then maybe they are not yet ready for college. The ACT and SAT held determine a students' academic skills. If the student is entering a trade school, the assessment needs might be different.
No university can admit every student that applies, so clearly admittance exams are here to stay. They give the school the legal grounds to not admit people who do not have the culmination of knowledge they will need for success in an institution of higher learning. At the very least admittance exams should always play a part- but other talents should be considered if a student falls short on the exam metric.
Colleges rely on ACT and SAT scores for a simple reason, they are proven indicators of later success at college. Whereas grades can vary widely, depending on the school system, the ACT and SAT act as universal test that can reveal the intelligence of prospective students. Furthermore, most colleges already take into account a wide variety of other aspects, such as extracurricular activities, geography, wealth of parents, and, through affirmative action, even race and sex. Thus, there is no reason to further de-emphasize the ACT or SAT.
Everyone is saying we should use some "other" form of assessment but no one is suggesting what for that should be. If, as one person claims, ACT/SAT creates a "fuzzy" snapshop, then what would essays create? ACT/SAT accomplishes quite the opposite. It creates a black and white snapshop where essays create something fuzzy. Put yourself in the shoes of a college admissions counselor. How could you possible read, grade, and rank 8,000 essays? Could you imagine how subjective that would become? Presumably, that job of reading the essays would be divided between a number of people. That creates the opportunity for bias. Each grader is going to read each essay through a different lense. As a result, a student who should have been accepted might be denied admission just because the wrong person graded his essay. The reality is that we as people need to be graded. We, as working adults, are evaluated and graded in our jobs everyday. Having a clear understanding of what is expected of us is crucial if were going to meet those expectations. It's not different for ACT/SAT. Students need to know exactly what's expected of them (ACT/SAT) to get into the college they want. That allows them to set goals and do what's necessary to accomplish those goals. If it wasn't for that clarity, students would have more angst over exactly what's expected of them to be admitted to the college of their dreams.
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Chicago's architecture is famous throughout the world and one style is referred to as the Chicago School. The architecture of Chicago has influenced and reflected the history of American architecture. The style is also known as Commercial style. In the history of architecture, the Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago at the turn of the 20th century. The History of architecture traces the changes in the History of Architecture through various countries and dates An architect is a licensed individual who leads a design team in the Planning and Design of buildings and participates in oversight of Building Construction Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on They were among the first to promote the new technologies of steel-frame construction in commercial buildings, and developed a spatial aesthetic which co-evolved with, and then came to influence, parallel developments in European Modernism. This article is concerned with architectural aspects of Modernism; for the most recent developments in architecture see Contemporary architecture.
While the term "Chicago School" is widely used to describe buildings in the city during the 1880s and 1890s, this term has been disputed by scholars, in particular in reaction to Carl Condit's 1952 book The Chicago School of Architecture. Carl Condit (1914-1997 was an historian of urban and architectural history writer professor and teacher Historians such as H. Allen Brooks, Winston Weisman and Daniel Bluestone have pointed out that the phrase suggests a unified set of aesthetic or conceptual precepts, when, in fact, Chicago buildings of the era displayed a wide variety of styles and techniques. H Allen Brooks (b 6 November 1925 New Haven Connecticut) is an architectural historian and longtime professor at the University of Toronto. Other scholars have noted that the phrase implies that Chicago was the only locus of technical or aesthetic innovation in skyscraper design, when in fact developments in Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Cincinnati often paralleled or preceded similar work in Chicago. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Contemporary publications used the phrase "Commercial Style" to describe the innovative tall buildings of the era rather than proposing any sort of unified "school".
Some of the distinguishing features of the Chicago School are the use of steel-frame buildings with masonry cladding (usually terra cotta), allowing large plate-glass window areas and the use of limited amounts of exterior ornament. Terra cotta ( Italian: "baked earth" is a Ceramic. Its uses include vessels water & waste water pipes and surface embellishment in Building construction Sometimes elements of neoclassical architecture are used in Chicago School skyscrapers. Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century both as a reaction against the Rococo A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper Many Chicago School skyscrapers contain the three parts of a classical column. A column in Structural engineering is a vertical structural element that transmits through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural The first floor functions as the base, the middle stories, usually with little ornamental detail, act as the shaft of the column, and the last floor or so represent the capital, with more ornamental detail and capped with a cornice. The term cornice comes from Italian cornice, meaning “ledge
The "Chicago window" originated in this school. It is a three-part window consisting of a large fixed center panel flanked by two smaller double-hung sash windows. The arrangement of windows on the facade typically creates a grid pattern, with some projecting out from the facade forming bay windows. A bay window is a Window space projecting outward from the main Walls of a building and forming a bay in a room either square or Polygonal in plan The Chicago window combined the functions of light-gathering and natural ventilation; a single central pane was usually fixed, while the two surrounding panes were operable. These windows were often deployed in bays, known as oriel windows, that projected out over the street. Oriel windows are a form of Bay window commonly found in Gothic revival Architecture, which jut out from the main wall of the building but do not reach
Architects whose names are associated with the Chicago School include Henry Hobson Richardson, Dankmar Adler, Daniel Burnham, William Holabird, William LeBaron Jenney, Martin Roche, John Root, Solon S. Beman, and Louis Sullivan. Henry Hobson Richardson ( September 29, 1838 &ndash April 27, 1886) was a prominent American Architect of the 19th Dankmar Adler ( July 3, 1844 in Stadtlengsfeld, Germany – April 16, 1900 in Chicago Illinois, U Daniel Hudson Burnham, FAIA ( September 4, 1846 &ndash June 1, 1912) was an American Architect and Urban planner. William Holabird ( September 11, 1854 Amenia, New York - July 19, 1923 Evanston Illinois) was an American William Le Baron Jenney ( 25 September 1832 &mdash 14 June 1907) was an American Architect and Engineer who Martin Roche (1853–1927 was an American Architect. In partnership with William Holabird, Martin Roche designed buildings following the Chicago John Wellborn Root ( January 10, 1850 – January 15, 1891) was a significant American architect who worked out of Chicago Solon Spencer Beman (1853-1914 was an American architect born in Brooklyn New York, best known as the architect of the planned Pullman community Louis Henri Sullivan (September 4 1856 &ndash April 14 1924 was an American Architect, and has been called the "father of modernism. Frank Lloyd Wright started in the firm of Adler and Sullivan but created his own Prairie Style of architecture. Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8 1867 &ndash April 9 1959 was an American (of Welsh descent Architect, Interior designer, Writer, and educator who Prairie School was a late 19th and early 20th century architectural style most common to the Midwestern United States. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who had run the Bauhaus in Germany before coming to Chicago, is sometimes credited with the rise of a second "Chicago school" between 1939 and 1975. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (ˈlʊdvɪç miːs faːn dɛʀ ˈʀoːɐ born Maria Ludwig Michael Mies ( March 27, 1886 &ndash August 17, 1969 ("House of Building" or "Building School" is the common term for the, a school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts and was famous
The Home Insurance Building, which some regarded as the first skyscraper in the world, was built in Chicago in 1885 and was demolished in 1931. The Home Insurance Building was built in 1885 in Chicago, Illinois and demolished in 1931 to make way for the Field Building (now the The year 1885 in architecture involved some significant events The year 1931 in architecture involved some significant events Some of the more famous Chicago School buildings include:
Today, there are different styles of architecture all throughout the city, such as the Chicago School, neo-classical, art deco, modern, and postmodern. The Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University in Chicago Illinois is one of the best-known designs of Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan. The Sullivan Center (formerly known as the Carson Pirie Scott and Company Building or Carson Pirie Scott and Compnay Store) is a commercial building at 1 The Reliance Building is the first Skyscraper to have large Plate glass windows make up the majority of its surface area foreshadowing a feature of skyscrapers that The Gage Group Buildings consist of three buildings located at 18 24 and 30 S The Brooks Building in Chicago was built in 1909-1910 in the style of Chicago School. The Heyworth Building is a Chicago Landmark located at 29 E Madison Street, on the southwest corner of Madison Street and Wabash Avenue in Chicago Illinois The First Leiter building (or Leiter I) was a Chicago structure built in 1879 and demolished in 1972. The Second Leiter Building, also known as Leiter II Building and the Sears Building, is located at the northeast corner of South State Street and East Congress The Monadnock Building, also known as Monadnock Block, is a historic proto-skyscraper in the Loop district of downtown Chicago, Illinois The Montauk Building - also often referred to as Montauk Block - was a high-rise building in Chicago Illinois. The Wainwright Building is a 10-story red-brick landmark office building in downtown St Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century both as a reaction against the Rococo Art Deco was a popular international design movement from 1925 until 1939 affecting the decorative arts such as Architecture, Interior design, and Industrial The International style was a major Architectural style of the 1920s and 1930s Postmodernism literally means 'after the modernist movement' While " Modern " itself refers to something "related to the present" the movement of modernism
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You are hereWhen brothers attack
When brothers attack
Did Cain attack Abel because Abel was purposely trying to make Cain look bad? Did Joseph’s brothers attack him because he was teaching some outlandish doctrine? What would have happened had Cain simply asked his brother (or God for that matter) why Abel’s offering was favored? What would have happened if Joseph’s brothers had allowed for the possibility that God was about to use him for something special?For 11 years I more or less got along fine with my Christian “brothers” of the mainstream. Of course during those 11 years my “offerings” and “dreams” were no different than theirs. But this article isn’t really about me because I don’t want to lead the reader to think I’m seeking pity as a poor persecuted person, nor do I want someone to think I’m projecting a “holier than thou” attitude.
With those disclaimers out of the way let us move on. When Christians begin discussing doctrine there are usually a few types of reactions.
1. Adamant opposition
2. Silent treatment
You have even heard some brothers proclaim “doctrine divides” and thus we should avoid such disputes. They will further quote such passages as Colossians 2:8, Colossians 2:18, and 1 Timothy 6:19-21 claiming that all talk about doctrine is simply conjecture or “vain babbling” by philosophical intellectual Christians that don’t have a “loving heart”.
But what of our relationship with God? As Christians we all believe that we come to Christ as “little children”. The emphasis is not that we are completely ignorant but that we are trusting like little children, otherwise Jesus would not have constantly said to the masses; “You know the Scriptures say…”
A relationship does not remain in its infancy but a good relationship grows and blossoms. There is a tendency to desire the simplicity of our youth, to go back to those simple times. I believe the same is true in our Christian life. We may have been “saved” under the preaching of a humble street preacher with a fourth grade education and thus we are hesitant to move beyond the simple message of “Jesus loves you and has a wonderful plan for your life”. But is that the kind of relationship God wants to have with us, one that does not advance? Paul says:
“When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child: but when I became a man, I put away childish things. For now we see through a glass, darkly; but then face to face: now I know in part; but then shall I know even as also I am known.” -- 1 Corinthians 13:11-12
Does God want us to remain a body of milk drinkers? Certainly there is the possibility that some people may become “puffed up” in knowledge. (You can see this a lot from people with “Dr.” before their names) But if our Christian foundation is based on the humility of knowing we are nothing but grasshoppers then what is there to be vain about? What is almost laughable is that when I speak with common Christians about doctrinal issues they blame me for being too intellectual and when I speak with those Christians in leadership roles they blame me for being too common.
So what are we to do when our brothers attack? Should we try to “do unto them before they do unto us”? Should we put the “death knell” to their arguments? Should we label them with all sorts of labels?
“Marvel not, my brethren, if the world hate you. We know that we have passed from death unto life, because we love the brethren. He that loveth not his brother abideth in death. Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.” -- 1 John 3:13-15
Notice how this passage speaks of passing from death to life and that evidence of that transition is a Christian’s display of love. Jesus spoke constantly of people having life and never dying. Perhaps those who are unable to love have never even been alive but are still dead?
Ultimately the disputes over doctrines are important because if doctrine divides, it merely divides "milk drinkers" from the “meat eaters”. Those “meat eaters” need to be more compassionate than ever, and if they really allowed the doctrine (doctrine simply means “teaching”) of Christ to infuse them then they would almost effortlessly be able to love. Certainly the “milk drinkers” will continue to kick and scream, all along accusing others of cold intellectualism. Let us not forget that we were also young and be patient and perhaps others will be patient with us if and when we have difficulty relating to their youth.
So next time you are about to launch into a pointed retort, or next time you are about to give someone the cold shoulder think if what you are doing is loving in the Christian sense. Rather go to scripture together in prayer and both be ready to assent to God and His Word, even in the face of your long-standing traditions.
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From the Math Forum Newsletter: What are leap years?
2012 is a leap year, so this month ends on Wednesday, February 29th.
In the leap year of 1996, the Forum began a free ask-an-expert service for math students and their teachers. Since then, Ask Dr. Math has helped millions understand why some years have 366 days, plus lots more mathematics about calendars, including
Added by Kim Lightle on February 17, 2012 at 3:19pm — No Comments
Latest Report from the US Department of Education's "What Works Clearinghouse."…Continue
Added by Kim Lightle on February 17, 2012 at 1:59pm — No Comments
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Noble Energy, an independent energy company engaged in worldwide oil and gas exploration and production, has informed its partners, Delek Group, that on June 23, 2012, development of Noa North field offshore Israel was completed and gas began to flow from it.
Development of the Noa field, located offshore Ashkelon is geared to allow for additional supplies of natural gas to the Israeli market, until the start of natural gas supplies from the Tamar project in early 2013.
The gas field is situated in approximately 2,556ft of water (779m).
Noble Energy and Delek Group recently linked Noa andPinnacles offshore natural gas fields to the Mari B production platform. The Subsea Umbilical, Riser and Flowline (SURF) work was carried out by Helix Subsea Construction.
Gas from the nearby Pinnacles field started flowing on June 12, but the operator was forced to temporarily suspend the production on June 14 “due to an indication of a gas composition which does not match the specification for flow.”
Offshore Energy Today Staff, June 25, 2012
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A person that was born in Veracruz, Mexico. This isn't a degradatory name, people from Veracruz are proud to be Jarochos, unlike Chilangos (people born in Mexcico, D.F.) that is a term to define pretentious, filthy city rats.
The term jarocho in its literal meaning describes irreverent people, and perfectly describe people from Veracruz, because of their funny attitude and the strong language used in this state of Mexico. People outside Veracruz may find the language too strong because of the repeatedly use of obscenity, but once you understand beyond those words there are very funny, kind, straight, and .. respectfull people.
I'm big time jarocho for ever and ever... and I'm fucking proud of it.
p1: Are you jarocho?
p2: You can bet your mother fucking ass I am (transaltion: yes).
Jarocho designates someone or thing from southern Veracruz, Mexico. Many people who say they are Jarocho mean 100% hot, from Veracruz...
The city is known for its rich traditions of music, including marimba bands, danzonera and comparsa. A special kind of music called "son jarocho", a mix of Mexican folk music and Cuban son, was developed in southern Veracruz state, in and around Veracruz, Veracruz. La Bamba is the most famous example of son jarocho. An equally rich dance tradition parallels Veracruz's unique musical styles.
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Admiralty Courts in the colonial era dealt with maritime issues requiring adjudication, including both criminal and noncriminal matters. Although the royal Charters of 1663 and 1665 granted power to the Lords Proprietors to create courts of admiralty, they never did so. The Navigation Act of 1696, however, provided that the High Court of Admiralty in England could create vice-admiralty courts in the various colonies to enforce the act. One such court established in Virginia in 1697 claimed jurisdiction over North Carolina, but the assertion was successfully resisted by the latter's Governor Henderson Walker. The colony's governor and council thereafter appointed the court's judge, who tried cases without a jury and named the register and other officials. The judge also could designate surrogates for ports where he did not hold court in person. Although few records of the vice-admiralty courts survive for the colonial period or after, it is known that they tried several prize cases during wartime and libeled vessels for violation of the Navigation Acts. The courts also tried cases relating to mercantile activity, such as suits for wages.
In June 1776 the Council of Safety assumed the power of appointing vice-admiralty judges and other court officials for the various ports in North Carolina, a duty to which the General Assembly fell heir after independence. North Carolina's ratification of the U.S. Constitution in 1789 brought state control of admiralty courts to an end, since that document extended the judicial power of the United States to "all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction."
Carl W. Ubbelohde Jr., "The Vice-Admiralty Court of Royal North Carolina, 1729-1759," NCHR 31 (October 1954).
The Vice-Admiralty Court of Royal North Carolina 1729-1759, By Carl W. Ubbelohde, Jr., North Carolina Office of Archives & History: http://www.ncpublications.com/colonial/Nchr/Subjects/ubbelohde.htm.
1 January 2006 | Cain, Robert J.
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World leaders offered mixed reactions to the death of Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez. In the U.S., President Obama released a brief statement.
"At this challenging time of President Hugo Chavez's passing, the United States reaffirms its support for the Venezuelan people and its interest in developing a constructive relationship with the Venezuelan government," Obama said.
Chavez lost a two-year battle with cancer on Tuesday. He saw himself as a revolutionary, but his legacy will be much more complex.
J.D. Gordon, former Defense Department spokesman for the Western Hemisphere, discussed the national security implications with Capital Insider.
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On Jan. 25, the European construction and Infrastructure industry tradeshow Infratech 2013 (Rotterdam, The Netherlands) recognized bridge manufacturer FiberCore Europe (Rotterdam, The Netherlands), civil engineering firm Heijmans (Rosmalen, The Netherlands) and DSM Composite Resins (Schaffhausen, Switzerland) for their composite bridge, installed recently on the A27 highway, with an innovation award. The companies installed the 140m/460-ft long, lightweight bridge in 2012. It was designed for heavy traffic over one of the busiest roads in The Netherlands.
By giving the project partners Infratech's Halftime award, the competition jury praised the partners' innovative approach to bridge design and construction that enabled a high bridge installation speed with a turnaround of less than 48 hours. Interference with ongoing traffic was minimal during installation, which was eased by the low bridge weight, and traffic was able to run most of the time during the two-day period.
“Bridges made from composite materials have, inherently, a lower weight than their counterparts in steel and concrete,” says Robert Puyenbroek, chief technical officer of DSM Composite Resins. “Moreover, these materials require little maintenance and, therefore, can help to minimize bridge operating cost. This is good news for both bridge operators [and] the environment."
“DSM has been at the forefront of introducing composites technology in new markets and applications,” adds Fons Harbers, the European commercial director for DSM Composite Resins. “I am happy to see that DSM and its partners receive the recognition by the industry experts.”
An article on the bridge's installation, dated Nov. 15, 2012, can be accessed by clicking the article title under "Editor's Picks," at top right.
A video of the A27 composite bridge can be found at http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=62Cxvsm9vc4.
For more information about DSM, please visit www.dsm.com.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|Population:||200,452 (2005)Ranked 12th|
|Area:||2,714 km² |
(1,048 sq.mi.) Ranked 18th
|Density:||74 /km² |
|Number of municipalities:||25|
|Number of communities:||2|
|Postal codes:||85x xx|
|Licence plate code:||ΚΧ, ΡK, PO, PY|
|ISO 3166-2 code:||GR-81|
The Dodecanese (Greek: Δωδεκάνησα, Dodekánisa, IPA: [ðo̞ðe̞ˈkanisa], literally "twelve islands"; Italian: Dodecaneso) are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean Sea, off the southwest coast of Turkey, southward of the island of Samos and northeastward of the island of Crete. They have a rich history, and many of even the smallest inhabited islands boast dozens of Byzantine churches and medieval castles.
The modern prefecture of the Dodecanese, a subdivision of the South Aegean periphery, consists of 163 islands in total, of which 26 are inhabited. Twelve of these are major, giving the chain its name. The most historically important and well-known is Rhodes (Rodos), which for millennia has been the island from which the region is controlled. Of the others, Kos and Patmos are historically more important; the remaining nine are Astipalea, Kalimnos, Karpathos, Kasos, Leros, Nisyros, Symi, Tilos and Kastelorizo (which actually lies in the eastern Mediterranean sea).
Pre-history and the Archaic Period
The Dodecanese have been inhabited since prehistoric times. In the Neopalatial period on Crete, the islands were heavily Minoanized (contact beginning in the second millennium BC). Following the downfall of the Minoans, the islands were ruled by the Achaeans from circa 1400 BC, until the arrival of the Dorians circa 1100 BC. It is in the Dorian period that they began to prosper as an independent entity, developing a thriving economy and culture through the following centuries. By the early Archaic Period Rhodes and Kos emerged as the major islands in the group, and in the 6th century BC the Dorians founded three major cities on Rhodes (Lindos, Kameiros and Ialyssos). Together with the island of Kos and the cities of Knidos and Halicarnassos on the mainland of Asia Minor, these made up the Dorian Hexapolis.
This development was interrupted around 499 BC by the Persian Wars, during which the islands were captured by the Persians for a brief period. Following the defeat of the Persians by the Athenians in 478 BC, the cities joined the Athenian-dominated Delian League. When the Peloponnesian War broke out in 431 BC, they remained largely neutral although they were still members of the League.
By the time the Peloponnesian War ended in 404 BC, the Dodecanese were mostly removed from the larger Aegean conflicts, and had begun a period of relative quiet and prosperity. In 408 BC, the three cities of Rhodes had united to form one state, which built a new capital on the northern end of the island, also named Rhodes; this united Rhodes was to dominate the region for the coming millennia. Other islands in the Dodecanese also developed into significant economic and cultural centers; most notably, Kos served as the site of the school of medicine founded by Hippocrates.
However, the Peloponnesian War had so weakened the entire Greek civilization's military strength that it lay open to invasion. In 357 BC, the islands were conquered by the king Mausolus of Caria, then in 340 BC by the Persians. But this second period of Persian rule proved to be nearly as short as the first, and the islands became part of the rapidly growing Macedonian Empire as Alexander the Great swept through and defeated the Persians in 332 BC, to the great relief of the islands' inhabitants.
Following the death of Alexander, the islands, and even Rhodes itself, were split up among the many generals who contended to succeed him. The islands formed strong commercial ties with the Ptolemies in Egypt, and together they formed the Rhodo-Egyptian alliance which controlled trade throughout the Aegean in the 3rd century BC. Led by Rhodes, the islands developed into maritime, commercial and cultural centers: coins of Rhodes circulated almost everywhere in the Mediterranean, and the islands' schools of philosophy, literature and rhetoric were famous. The Colossus of Rhodes, built in 304 BC, perhaps best symbolized their wealth and power.
In 164 BC, Rhodes signed a treaty with Rome, and the islands became aligned to greater or lesser extent with the Roman Empire while mostly maintaining their autonomy. Rhodes quickly became a major schooling center for Roman noble families, and, as the islands (and particularly Rhodes) were important allies of Rome, they enjoyed numerous privileges and generally friendly relations. These were eventually lost in 42 BC, in the turmoil following the assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 BC, after which Cassius invaded and sacked the islands. Thereafter, they became part of the Roman Empire proper. Titus made Rhodes capital of the Provincia Insularum, and eventually the islands were joined with Crete as part of the 18th Province of the Roman Empire.
In the 1st century, Saint Paul visited the islands twice, and Saint John visited numerous times; they succeeded in converting the islands to Christianity, placing them among the first dominantly Christian regions. Saint John eventually came to reside among them, being exiled to Patmos, where he wrote his famous Revelation.
As the Roman Empire split in 395 AD into Eastern and Western halves, the islands became part of the Eastern part, which later evolved into the Byzantine Empire. They would remain there for nearly a thousand years, though these were punctuated by numerous invasions. It was during this period that they began to re-emerge as an independent entity, and the term Dodecanese itself dates to around the 8th century. Copious evidence of the Byzantine period remains on the islands today, most notably in hundreds of churches from the period which can be seen in various states of preservation.
In the 13th century, with the Fourth Crusade, Italians began invading portions of the Dodecanese, which had remained under the nominal power of the Empire of Nicea; Venetians (Querini, Cornaro) and Genoese families (Vignoli) each held some islands for brief periods, while Basilian monks ruled on Patmos and Leros. Finally, in the 14th century, the Byzantine era came to an end when the islands were taken by forces of the Knights Hospitaller (Knights of St. John): Rhodes was conquered in 1309, and the rest of the islands fell gradually over the next few decades. The Knights made Rhodes their stronghold, transforming its capital into a grandiose medieval city dominated by an impressive fortress, and scattered fortresses and citadels through the rest of the islands as well.
These massive fortifications proved sufficient to repel invasions by the Sultan of Egypt in 1444 and Mehmed II in 1480. Finally, however, the citadel at Rhodes fell to the large army of Suleiman the Magnificent in 1522, and the other islands were overrun within the year. The few remaining Knights fled to Malta.
Thus began a period of several hundred years in the Ottoman Empire. The Dodecanese formed the Vilayet of the islands. The population was allowed to retain a number of privileges provided it submitted to Ottoman rule. By Suleiman's edict, they paid a special tax in return for a special autonomous status that prohibited Ottoman generals from interfering in their civil affairs or mistreating the population. These guarantees, combined with a strategic location at the crossroads of Mediterranean shipping, allowed the islands to prosper. Although sympathies of the overwhelmingly Greek population (only Rhodes and Kos had Turkish communities) leaned heavily towards Greece following its declaration of independence in 1822, the islanders did not join the Greek War of Independence, continuing instead a semi-autonomous existence as an archipelago of Greek merchants within the Ottoman Empire. Indeed, the 19th century turned out to be one of the islands' most prosperous, and a number of mansions date from this era.
After the outbreak of the Italian-Turkish war over nearby Libya, the islands finally declared independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, proclaiming an independent state as the Federation of the Dodecanese Islands. This nascent state was quashed almost immediately by the invasion of Italy, which wanted the islands, and particularly the fortress of Rhodes, to control communication between Turkey and Libya. The Italians occupied all the Dodecanese except for Kastelorizo, which was later temporarily seized by France.
After the end of the war, according to the First Treaty of Lausanne, Italy maintained the occupation of the islands, as guarantee for the execution of the treaty. Following the declaration of War of Italy against the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915), the war occupation of the islands started again.
During World War I, with Italy allied to France and Britain, the islands became an important British and French naval base, used as a staging area for numerous campaigns, most famously the one at Gallipoli. During the war, some of the smaller islands were occupied by the French and British, with Rhodes continuing as Italian-occupied.
Following the war, the Tittoni - Venizelos agreement, signed on July 29, 1919 called for the smaller islands to join with Greece, with Rhodes remaining Italian. Italy should have got in exchange southwest Anatolia with Antalya. The Greek defeat in the Greco-Turkish War and the foundation of modern Turkey made this solution impossible. With the Treaty of Lausanne the Dodecanese was then formally annexed by Italy, as the Possedimenti Italiani dell'Egeo.
Mussolini embarked on a program of Italianization, hoping to make Rhodes a modern transportation hub that would serve as a focal point for the spread of Italian culture in the Levant. The islands were overwhelmingly Greek-speaking, with Turkish-speaking minority and even smaller Ladino-speaking Jewish minority (with only a few immigrant Italian speakers).
The Fascist program did have some positive effects in its attempts to modernize the islands, resulting in the eradication of malaria, the construction of hospitals, aqueducts, a power plant to provide Rhodes' capital with electric lighting and the establishment of the Dodecanese Cadastre. The main castle of the Knights of St. John was also rebuilt. The concrete-dominated Fascist architectural style detracted significantly from the islands' picturesque scenery (and also reminded the inhabitants of Italian rule), and has consequently been largely demolished or remodeled, apart from the famous example of the Leros town of Lakki, which remains a prime example of the architecture.
From 1936 to 1940 Cesare Maria De Vecchi acted as governor of the Italian Aegean Islands promoting the official use of the Italian language and favoring a process of italianization, interrupted by the beginning of WWII. In the 1936 Italian census of the Dodecanese islands, the total population was 129,135, of which 7,015 were Italians.
During World War II, Italy joined the Axis Powers, and used the Dodecanese as a naval staging area for its invasion of Crete in 1940. After the surrender of Italy in September 1943, the islands briefly became a battleground between the Germans and Allied forces, including the Italians (see Battle of Leros). The Germans prevailed in the Dodecanese Campaign, and although they were driven out of mainland Greece in 1944, the Dodecanese remained occupied until the end of the war in 1945, during which time nearly the entire Jewish population of 6,000 was deported and killed. Only 1200 of these Ladino speaking Jews survived, thanks to their lucky escape to the nearby coast of Turkey.
Post-World War II
Following the war, the islands became a British military protectorate, and were almost immediately allowed to run their own civil affairs, upon which the islands became informally united with Greece, though under separate sovereignty and military control. Despite objections from Turkey, which desired the islands as well, they were formally united with Greece by the 1947 Peace Treaty with Italy, ending 740 years of foreign rule over the islands. As a legacy of its former status as a jurisdiction separate from Greece, it is still considered a separate "entity" for amateur radio purposes, essentially maintaining its status as an independent country "on the air." Radio call signs in the Dodecanese begin with the prefix SV5.
Today, Rhodes and the Dodecanese are popular travel destinations.
Municipalities and communities
|Municipality||YPES code||Seat (if different)||Postal code||Area code|
|Afantou||1205||851 03||22410-50 through 53, 56, 57|
|Ialysos||1208||851 01||22410-90 through 98|
|Kallithea||1209||Kalythies||851 05||22410-6, 84 through 87|
|Kalymnos||1210||852 00||22430-2, 50, 59|
|Kameiros||1211||Soroni||851 06||22410-40 through 42|
|Petaloudes||1223||Kremasti||851 04||22410-90 through 98|
|South Rhodes||1220||Gennadi||851 09||22440-4|
|Symi||1225||856 00||22460-70 through 72|
|Community||YPES code||Seat (if different)||Postal code||Area code|
- Province of Patmos - Patmos
- Province of Kalymnos - Kalymnos
- Province of Kos - Kos
- Province of Rhodes - Rhodes City
- Province of Karpathos & Kasos - Karpathos
Note: Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece.
- ^ The Dodecanese and the East Aegean ... - Google Books. Books.google.com. p. 436. http://books.google.com/books?id=fJ3gVGqB1uQC&pg=PA436&lpg=PA436&dq=de+vecchi+dodecanese+italian+language&source=web&ots=gIgR81ZYv9&sig=2gIp1imYJUVYZH6iSY9gfq0KXck#PPA436,M1. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
- Doumanis, Nicholas. "Italians as "Good" Colonizers: Speaking Subalterns and the Politics of Memory in the Dodecanese," in Ruth Ben-Ghiat and Mia Fuller, ed.s, Italian Colonialism. New York: Palgarve Macmillian. 2005. ISBN 0312236492.
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[< Gallery Home | Latest Images | Top 100 | Submit Picture >]
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| Son Serra de Marina |
[640 x 385 JPG]
Unless otherwise stated, this image is the copyright of the submitter. Contact them for permission to reproduce it.
|Description ||This talaiotic habitation sits right next to the road, and is one we thought we would have had to miss. Spending a large time at Son Real in the morning and early afternoon, then rushing to Arta to get to Ses Paisses in good time, we failed to realise this sits next to the road. We noticed it heading back to base at Can Picafort, and made a split second decision to stop. Thankfully there is a wide area to park on the right a couple hundred metres north.|
The remains consist of a square structure at the highest part of the immediate area. Sadly it has fallen inward - so although the lintel and doorway still stand, the infill behind it block any access. Climbing on top yields some idea of a plan with a once circular interior and entrance passage stones.
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2nd Degree Sunburn When School Requires Doctor's Note for Sunscreen: Blame School?
Fef 2012/06/25 22:48:19
Schools have to cover themselves from over-litigious parents. However, sometimes over-protecting students can lead to under-protecting them. Consider this case of a two girls Violet, 11, and Zoe, 9, in Tacoma, Washington. The girls suffer from a form of albinism and require sunscreen lotion when going in the sun. The school, however, requires a doctor's note for sunscreen. Who deserves the blame for the girls suffering 2nd degree sunburns.
A Tacoma, Wash., mom is seeing red after her fair-skinned daughters returned home from school severely sunburned. Michener says she did not give the girls sunscreen because it appeared to be an overcast day, but says that school officials should have been able to let them apply sunscreen when the sun came out--especially since both Violet, 11, and Zoe, 9, suffer from a form of albinism.
Read more: http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/06/25/sisters-suffer-sever...
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Progress on constitution; attack kills 30
Suicide bomber kills dozens in Tal Afar
Men prepare ballot boxes in Baghdad on Wednesday three days before a constitution referendum.
IRAQI ISLAMIC PARTY DEAL
YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS
BAGHDAD, Iraq (CNN) -- As an insurgent attack killed 30 Iraqis on Wednesday, a powerful Sunni Arab group and the nation's Kurdish-Shiite coalition reached an agreement that may aid passage of Iraq's first constitution, President Jalal Talabani said.
The deal would make the proposed constitution -- to be voted on Saturday by the Iraqi people -- only temporary, said a spokesman for the Sunni group, the Iraqi Islamic Party.
Iraq's constitutional referendum is the critical next step in a U.S.-fostered plan aimed at developing an Iraqi democracy, which would be one of few such self-governing nations in the region. (Watch U.S. troops risk their lives on 'most dangerous Iraqi road' -- 2:31)
The Iraqi Islamic Party spokesman said the agreement will next go to Iraq's National Assembly for consideration.
It's unknown what overall effect the agreement may have on Iraqi Sunnis, who have been urged for weeks to reject the proposed constitution, which Iraq's constitutional committee approved in August. (Full story)
The deal is an effort to avoid rejection of the constitution during Saturday's referendum. If two-thirds of voters in three of Iraq's 18 provinces reject it, a new government must be formed and the constitution process would have to begin all over again.
Wednesday's agreement, the Iraqi Islamic Party spokesman said, would make the constitution temporary -- if voters approve it.
Then, following general elections on December 15, a committee of Iraqi National Assembly members would re-evaluate the approved constitution.
Within two months after that, a new constitution would have to be written, and by the end of that period -- roughly six months after the general elections -- a new referendum would take place.
The Iraqi Islamic Party, however, is the only Sunni party to back this agreement. Notably missing is the approval of the Association of Muslim Scholars and the Iraqi National Dialogue Council.
Much of the nation's minority Sunni population, which dominated under Saddam Hussein's rule, boycotted January's vote for a transitional National Assembly. U.S. officials have said they believe Iraq's insurgents are planning to increase attacks as the referendum approaches.
Time a factor
It's unclear whether the deal, made with only three days before Saturday's vote, has occurred too late to have an impact. Sunnis have been told for weeks to reject the constitution. The deal may lead to dissension among Sunnis.
A spokesman for the Iraqi General Conference, a coalition of Sunni groups, said they have not wavered from their position urging Sunnis to reject the constitution. Sheikh Imad al-Deen said the parties might agree if this weekend's vote were canceled and the current constitution declared valid for one year only.
The Association of Muslim Scholars, meanwhile, said it was still asking Sunnis not to participate in the political process.
De-Baathification an issue
Earlier, sources involved in the talks told CNN the deal would involve changing the constitution to remove the de-Baathification process -- the effort to rid Iraq of vestiges of Saddam's Baath party.
In return, the Iraqi Islamic Party indicated it would withdraw its opposition to the document, the sources said.
According to details of the deal, the sources said, the National Assembly would take up the de-Baathification issue after the referendum.
Syria's leader: 'We should re-evaluate'
In an exclusive interview with CNN on Wednesday, Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad said, "We should re-evaluate what's going on in Iraq." (Watch rare interview with Syrian leader and his message for the people of the U.S. -- 1:51)
Al-Assad told CNN's Christiane Amanpour the war in Iraq poses questions:
"What did we achieve, what did they achieve from that war in Iraq? It's a very simple question," Al-Assad said. "What did they achieve economically, politically, fighting terrorism? We didn't achieve anything. This is one example." (Full story)
When Amanpour said the U.S.-led war toppled Saddam, Al-Assad replied, "Yeah, but what did you lose [in] return? The hope of the people, the stability, no better democracy, no better economy, no services, no stability in the region, more terrorism -- so is that the prize you've won for getting rid of a dictator? That's not a goal."
President Bush on Wednesday again accused Syria of failing to secure its border against terrorists crossing into neighboring Iraq.
"We expect Syria to do everything in her power to shut down the transshipment of suiciders and killers into Iraq," Bush told reporters at the White House. "We expect Syria to be a good neighbor to Iraq."
Al-Assad likened the situation on Syria's border with Iraq to accusations that the United States fails to control its border with Mexico. He said it's "impossible" to control the Syrian-Iraqi border and implied that neither Iraqi nor U.S. authorities were watching the Iraqi side.
"We'd like to invite any delegation from the world or from the United States to come and see our borders, to see the steps that we took, and to look at the other side to see nothing," Al-Assad said. "There is nobody on the other side, American or Iraqi."
Al-Assad said he was opposed to certain kinds of fighters in Iraq.
"We should differentiate between insurgency and the Iraqis who fight against the American and British troops," he said. "This is something different. I'm talking about the people who killed the Iraqis, those who will call them terrorists. We are against them completely."
He said Syria has asked Washington for technical support to better monitor the border but has recently ended its security cooperation with the United States because of repeated verbal attacks from the Bush administration.
Dozens killed near Sunni city
A suicide bomber killed 30 people and wounded 40 others on Wednesday outside an army-police recruitment center near the predominantly Sunni city of Tal Afar, said Dr. Salih Qadu, director of the city's hospital. Earlier, a U.S. military source said 24 were killed and 30 wounded in the attack. (Full story)
The blast came a day after a suicide bomber drove a car painted to look like a taxi into a crowded vegetable market in Tal Afar.
At least 30 people were killed and another 45 wounded in that attack, according to Khasro Goran, deputy governor of Nineveh province.
CNN's Aneesh Raman, Mohammed Tawfeeq, Arwa Damon, Enes Dulami and Cal Perry contributed to this report.
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Read our privacy guidelines. Contact us. Site Map.
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SANTIAGO, Cuba (AP) -- This sun-scorched city is accustomed to playing second fiddle to Havana at the other end of Cuba. On Monday, though, Santiago comes first as Pope Benedict XVI has arrived, bringing the world's gaze with him.
Authorities have raised huge steel arches in the shape of a papal miter above a blue-and-white altar where Benedict will celebrate Mass on Monday and urge residents of this communist-run country to seek salvation in faith.
Roman Catholic youth held a prayer vigil Sunday night to celebrate the pontiff's arrival, and workers buzzed about Revolution Square putting final touches on the stage, testing power cables and setting out chairs under the direction of priests. Some people hung welcome posters for the pope in their windows.
"As a Santiagan, I am very proud to be able to receive him with joy," said 35-year-old Luzmilka Barza. Although she described herself as only "a little bit Catholic," she said that "it will be something that moves us all for a person such as him to visit."
Cuba's second city has been overshadowed by the more-storied Havana ever since the Spaniards moved the colonial capital there, even though Santiago is considered the cradle of the revolution and was an intellectual and artistic center long before Fidel and Raul Castro were born.
Fidel Castro proclaimed the triumph of his 1959 revolution from the balcony of Santiago's city hall on Jan. 1, 1959, but promptly set out for the capital to claim power. Havana now dominates Cuban industry and politics and occupies a singular space in the imaginations of people around the world, even those who have never strolled its famed seafront.
Pope John Paul II visited Santiago 14 years ago, but he began and ended his Cuban journey in Havana.
While Cuba is Latin America's least Roman Catholic country, the faithful in Santiago have eagerly awaited the arrival of the city's most prominent visitor since the last time a pontiff came calling.
"I hope that after this visit the Cuban people have more faith," said an emotional Mayra Corona, 63, who along with a dozen other people worked for weeks readying the ornaments, vestments and sacred utensils to be used by priests during the Mass.
Benedict will bring "peace, tranquility, forgiveness," she said.
The pope chose Santiago as his first stop because of the nearby sanctuary of the Virgin of Charity of El Cobre, dedicated to Cuba's patron saint. Benedict has cited the 400th anniversary of the icon's discovery as the main reason for his trip to the island.
Cuban authorities have given the sanctuary a $236,000 makeover of everything from its drainage system to the stained glass. Workers even built a humble but air-conditioned house where the pope will spend the night. It is made with reinforced concrete designed to withstand a magnitude-8 earthquake.
But most of the action ahead of the pope's visit has centered on Revolution Square, which Catholic Church officials say can hold as many as 100,000 people.
The pope's backdrop there will be a a 50-foot (16-meter) statue of independence hero Antonio Maceo on horseback, arm outstretched as if beckoning his countrymen to follow him to battle. Twenty-three rust-colored machetes spike into the air commemorating the 23rd of March, 1878, an important date in Cuba's struggle to break free from Spanish colonial rule.
Havana at the western end of Cuba has also been busy sprucing up to host Benedict after he leaves Santiago.
A huge altar on the capital's own Revolution Square is finished, and workers have been making eleventh-hour touch-ups to deteriorating streets. Prominent avenues were resurfaced, and potholes filled. Workers repainted faded curbs, and many streets got fresh striping over the weekend.
Authorities put on a show of lights, music and slides projected onto the facade of the cathedral in colonial Old Havana on Sunday evening. They also took down the scaffolding that for months shrouded a Christ statue overlooking the bay.
Officials say 797 journalists for 295 media outlets in 33 countries have been granted visas to cover the visit.
"It is a great privilege to have the pope visit us," said Graciela Hernandez, a 59-year-old retiree in the capital. "For me, as a Catholic, it's something that moves me, and the most important thing is that the pope comes with a message of love, peace and brotherhood."
Associated Press writer Anne-Marie Garcia in Havana contributed to this report.
Andrea Rodriguez on Twitter: www.twitter.com/ARodriguezAP
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Concept Of Environmental Accounting
There is growing awareness and concern on the impact of human activity on the ecosystem. This concern at global level about the impact of the human activities on the environment and the need for mitigating the effects led to codification of ‘soft law’ on environment which began with the United Nations Stockholm Conference on Human Environment and the launch of UN environmental programme in 1972. The principles such as Polluter Pays, Absolute Liability, No Fault Liability, Precautionary Principle, Inter-generational equity and ‘good neighbourliness’ began to take roots into international and national environmental regulations.
Increasing danger to environment, extinction of many species of plants and animals, depletion of the ozone layer and global warming due to indiscriminate use of fossil fuels emitting Green House Gas has become a reality. States which are considered as trustees of the environment for future generations are increasingly adopting the path of sustainable development in their planning process and formulating tougher regulations for industry based on the soft law developed internationally.
The Brundtland Commission report states “humanity has the ability to make development sustainable -- to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”
There is an increasing trend to judge an enterprise in relation to the community in which it operates, just as a responsible citizen is judged by his actions in relation to the community in which he lives. The impact of the activities of the organizations on the environment w.r.t to pollution of water, air, land and abuse of natural resources are coming under the scrutiny of governments, shareholders and citizens.
Unless proper accounting work is done either by the individual organization or by the Government itself, it cannot be determined that both have been fulfilling their responsibilities towards environment. Therefore, the need of environmental accounting has emerged. In the early 90’s, the UNEP and the World Bank set out to examine the feasibility of physical and monetary accounting in the area of natural resources and the environment and to develop alternative macro indicators of environmentally adjusted and sustainable income and product. Simultaneously, the statistical division of the United Nations (UNSTAT) also developed methodologies for a system of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting (SEEA) and issued as an SNA handbook on Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting.
Environmental accounting at organization level, the focus of this article, aims to address the needs of organization to measure the economic efficiency of their environmental conservation and the business activities of the company as a whole.
Forms of Environmental Accounting
a. Environmental Management Accounting (EMA)
In EMA there is a particular focus on material and energy balance aspects and environmental cost information. This type of accounting is further classified into:
- Segment Environmental Accounting: This is an internal environmental accounting tool to select an investment activity, or a project, related to environmental conservation from among all processes of operations, and to evaluate environmental effects for a specified period.
- Eco Balance Environmental Accounting: This is an internal environmental accounting tool to support PDCA for sustainable environmental management activities.
- Corporate Environmental Accounting: This is a tool to inform the public of relevant information compiled in accordance with the Environmental Accounting. This could be referred to as Corporate Environmental Reporting. For this purpose the cost and effect (in quantity and monetary value) of its environmental conservation activities are used.
b. Environmental Financial Accounting (EFA):
Environmental Financial accounting concentrates on reporting environmental liability costs and other significant environmental costs.
c. Environmental National Accounting (ENA):
In national level accounting the particular focus is on natural resources stocks & flows, environmental costs & externality costs, etc.
Need for Environmental Accounting at Corporate Level
The environmental accounting at the corporate level helps the management to know whether corporate has been discharging its responsibilities towards sustainable development while meeting business objectives. Environmental accounting addresses the following:
- Meeting regulatory requirements;
- Operate its factory in a way that environmental damages do not occur;
- Promote a culture and attitude of environmentally safe working amongst its employees;
- Disclosure to shareholders the amount and nature of the preventative measures taken by the management;
- Ensures safe handling and disposal of hazardous waste;
Scope of Environment Accounting
The scope of Environmental Accounting (EA) is extensive and includes corporate, national & international level.
The following aspects are included in environmental accounting:
1.The direct investments made by a corporate for minimization of losses to environment. It includes investment made into the equipment/devices that help in reducing potential losses to the environment. This can be easily monetized.
2.Indirect losses due to business operation. It mainly includes
- Degradation and destruction such as loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution, hazardous waste including bio medical waste, coastal marine pollution etc.
- Depletion of non-renewable natural resources
- Deforestation and land uses (measuring and monetizing them can be complex)
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What We Do For Municipalities
Water is an essential part of every community, and we understand that every municipality has different water-related issues and challenges. Anticipating and addressing those challenges is what we do, across the country, every day.
Our expertise and knowledge of the industry allow us to consolidate the efforts that go into building a new or updating an existing facility. We help by managing the design and building process, and then operate and maintain the project once it is complete. We also develop infrastructure plans, make upgrades to existing infrastructure, and operate and maintain water and wastewater systems and treatment plants that treat water from rivers, lakes, and reservoirs.
The Communities That We Serve
Our teams work in partnership with the communities we serve. We plan hydrant and fire protection system upgrades with local fire departments. We extend water lines to meet new commercial and industrial facilities and work closely with local public works officials to upgrade water lines in conjunction with local street improvement projects. Every day we renew our commitment to communication and collaboration with the cities we serve. As a local business, we also pay taxes and contribute to the economy through the jobs we provide and the investment we make in ongoing infrastructure upgrades. You'll find our company and employees actively involved in local civic and charitable activities. We're good neighbors in the communities we serve.
In the communities where we supply water service, we can also include local sewer, waste hauling and other services on our water bill. Customers like the convenience of paying only one bill. Communities like the increased collection rate.
Services We Offer
High-Quality Water Service and Delivery
Bulk Water Sales
Safe Treatment and Release of Wastewater
In addition to our more standard services like operations, maintenance, planning and engineering, we are also able to create public private partnerships, help with infrastructure upgrades and create concession relationships. All of our programs are customized to fit the unique needs of the municipality's water and wastewater needs.
For more information on any of the above services, or to find out how we may be able to help your community, please call Mark Strauss, Senior Vice President of Business Development, at 856-346-8250 or visit our Products & Servicessite.
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Dartmouth composts about 263 tons of food waste each year. Composting sites are mainly in the dining areas, including Courtyard Café, Thayer Dining Hall, and the Hanover Inn. There are also composting sites in McKenzie Hall, Gilman Biological Sciences Building, and in the Mid Mass residence hall kitchen. As Dartmouth improves its recycling and composting rate, it diverts more trash from the landfill.
Food waste is collected by Dartmouth Dining Services and FO&M custodians, and the Dartmouth Recycles crew transports it to Dartmouth's composting facility nearby. There, food waste is mixed with used horse bedding, manure, and yard waste also generated at Dartmouth. The items are then allowed to decompose for about 60 days to make the compost that is used solely on Dartmouth grounds. Dartmouth does not have a license to sell the compost, nor can the Dartmouth facility accept items from other sources.
If you want to establish a compost pickup in your building, contact Dartmouth Recycles at 646-2050 or email Dartmouth.Recycles@Dartmouth.EDU.
Last Updated: 5/26/10
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Rails performance and caching
While it may not be all that obvious, this entire website is built within a Ruby on Rails application. One of the main reasons I did this was to get some real-world deployment experience, and while it’s only been a few days since launch, I’m learning fast. Today, I added caching to help some performance issues; here is what I’ve learned: caching rocks!
When I first launched the site last Saturday it was without caching, and it showed. I had Remote Desktop set up on one screen watching the CPU usage of Zelda (the Mac mini that runs this site) and was using my other computer to browse. Every time I would request a page, CPU on Zelda would hit 100% for approximately three seconds. This is three seconds under Apache+FastCGI mind you. Ouch.
So what on earth am I doing that would peg the processor like that? Nothing too crazy (at least I don’t think so). For many pages I’m just using an internal helper that takes
.markdown plain-text files in a folder called
content that mirrors the site hierarchy, processing them and then displaying the page. Examples include home, services, rate and about. I do suspect that the Ruby implementation of Markdown isn’t as fast as others I’ve used, but by itself I don’t think it’s the lone cause. For the blog, we are doing database fetches, initializing
entries that own
comments and then laying it all out. Blog entries are written in Markdown too, so again there is a conversion process.
While I was proud of my new site, I dared not tell people to visit it for fear of crushing poor little Zelda. Thus caching was my number one to do.
Turns out caching in Rails is a mixed bag. There are basically three flavors: cache the entire page, the action or fragments that you manually define. I’m now using page caching for those plain static pages (home, services, rate and so on…) and it works well. When you ask it to cache the page, Rails creates a static html file inside of
/public, and when a visitor asks for the page, they never even hit the Rails environment; Apache just gives them the static html file.
For the blog and its subsections, I’m using fragment caching. Here, Rails will cache sections of the template and allow you to give the caches names. Then, you look in your controller to see if a cache of that name exists. If so, skip over the database and other expensive calls in the controller. The application will continue to render the template and will substitute some static html that is sitting on the file system for the area where you would have used the result of the expensive calls you skipped. Finally, you’ll want to be sure to invalidate certain caches when you edit a blog entry or when someone adds a comment and so on. This is where my current code base gets really clunky. I have cache invalidators all over the place. What I really need to do is set up some sweepers. These are objects that observe models for significant changes and invalidate caches accordingly. It’s explained in the Rails book - I just haven’t had an opportunity to play with them yet.
So, while not perfectly implemented (yet) the caches are helping:
- Plain pages before caching => ~0.18 seconds
- Plain pages after caching (as fast as Apache can serve a static file)
- Blog pages before caching => ~0.50 seconds
- Blog pages after caching => ~0.02 seconds (25 times faster)
- RSS feeds before caching => ~0.50 seconds
- RSS feeds after caching => 0.009 seconds (55 times faster)
My next big performance bottle neck is Markdown. I don’t care as much about Markdown speed on the server , but I’m allowing people to use Markdown in blog comments and then showing live previews of what their comment will look like. In development, I was refreshing the preview per second and it felt very nice. In production, the server can’t keep up, so I’ve been forced to throttle the live preview to a 5-second update rate, which just isn’t as fast as I’d like it to be.
Posted on: December 15, 2005 – 4:04 PM
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I was talking to a laymember the other day who was very excited about a sermon he had heard. The member gave me all four of the points of the sermon and was excited about applying the sermon to his daily life. Interestingly enough, he searched on the internet to try to find this sermon and other sermons by the same preacher.
The preacher was a white American preacher. This preacher didn’t yell. His voice did keep a pleasant rising and lowering due to a natural conversational tone. The preacher didn’t whoop or use any other “stylistic” components of the African American Preaching Tradition. So What did the preacher do?
The preacher did three things that I have written on in other posts that can help any preacher’s sermons. The first thing he did was had clear and easily identifiable points. The people did not have to guess about what was important, the preacher simply told them. The preacher clearly defined the points and clearly defined what he meant by the points. We as preachers cannot expect anyone to remember our points if they don’t even know what they are.
Illustrate Point Well
The second thing the preacher did was clearly illustrated the points with stories. Each and every main point had a story connected to it. These stories were memorable and clearly connected to the point. Sometimes we tell stories that are only tangentially related to the point. Stop doing that. It takes away from your message. However, if you have a clear point and a relevant memorable story, you are well on the way to a sermon that people will remember.
Each Point Stronger than Previous One
Finally, the preacher’s stories were more intense as the sermon continued. The layperson told me that each story and point was “stronger” than the other one. Please note that I am not talking about yelling to manufacture intensity, I am talking about the content being stronger. So point two was stronger than point one, and point three was stronger than point two, and point four was stronger than point three. Here was a use of the “whooping curve” without necessarily whooping. We must leave people with the strongest content at the end, and that content should be related to the point illustrated and the main point of the sermon.
Here was an effective preacher who had content that the people remembered. And the people were ready to apply it to their daily lives. If we are to learn from this preacher, we must clearly define our points, illustrate them well with stories, and make each point progressively intense. Then the people will understand and be ready to apply the sermon.
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NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- California lawmakers will forfeit their pay until they pass a balanced budget, the state controller said Tuesday.
Legislators raced to approve a balanced budget last week to meet a deadline imposed by voters in November. The ballot measure required that the Senate and Assembly pass a balanced spending plan by June 15 or lose their salary and per diem.
Lawmakers agreed on a budget that they said met the requirement. But Governor Jerry Brown swiftly vetoed it as unbalanced. Controller John Chiang agreed, saying the vetoed budget committed the state to $89.75 billion in spending, but only provided $87.9 billion in revenues.
"My office's careful review of the recently-passed budget found components that were miscalculated, miscounted or unfinished," said Chiang. "The numbers simply did not add up, and the legislature will forfeit their pay until a balanced budget is sent to the governor."
California lawmakers have the highest salaries in the nation, according to the National Conference of State Legislators. They earn $95,291 a year, as well as $142 per diem for each day they are in session.
Democratic lawmakers, who control both chambers, quickly defended their actions last week, saying that the controller was wrong.
"We carried out our responsibility to pass a budget reflecting all the options available to close the deficit without new revenues and without cuts so deep as to cost the state jobs and jeopardize our economic recovery," said Assembly Speaker John A. Perez.
Perez said lawmakers will be "taking additional budget action informed by the controller's analysis" in coming days.
California officials have struggled with closing a $26 billion gap since the start of the year. Brown has spent months trying to woo Republican lawmakers to approve his proposal to put a tax extension on the ballot.
Republican leaders, who blasted last week's budget that was pushed through by the Democrats, have refused to put the extension before the voters unless it is accompanied by a spending cap, as well as pension and regulatory reform.
The legislature approved several measures in March that closed $14 billion of the gap. Their job was also made somewhat easier because tax revenues are coming in several billion dollars higher than forecast.
But lawmakers had been unable to solve the remaining budget deficit of more than $9 billion. Facing the loss of their pay, the Democrats' solution was to quickly pass a budget that relied on spending cuts, fund transfers and optimistic assumptions to eliminate that shortfall.
Brown, who has repeatedly said he would not sign a budget that contained gimmicks, vetoed the legislators' plan.
"It continues big deficits for years to come and adds billions of dollars of new debt. It also contains legally questionable maneuvers, costly borrowing and unrealistic savings," said Brown last week, adding that he will continue to negotiate with the Republicans. "We can -- and must -- do better."
His Democratic counterparts in the legislature, however, assailed the governor for not outlining a detailed plan for solving the state's budget mess before the fiscal year ends on June 30. They said his talks with the GOP on extending personal income and sales tax hikes from 2009 have gone nowhere.
"We are too far down the road for the governor to continue avoiding a specific set of proposals of what he intends to do or wants to be done if he can't gain those Republican votes," Senate President Pro Tem Darrell Steinberg said last week.
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Today's featured rates:
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(This is a guest post from an old friend, Kathryn. Looks like so much fun!)
Dinosaurs. Everyone loves dinosaurs. My nine year daughter, Brianna, dreams of becoming a paleontologist, consequently this has become her five year old brother Billy’s newest career choice as well. My son is spending the month of February learning about these Jurassic giants with his kindergarten class. As a volunteer for “centers” every Thursday, I wanted to come up with a great learning activity that would be fun and engaging. I came up with an idea that was inspired by the kiddo’s favorite restaurant, T-Rex in Kansas City, KS, a treat they only get to enjoy when visiting Nana. T-Rex has a “Dinosaur Dig” area where they have a life size fossil replica bolted to the bottom of a giant sand box. The kids take provided paint brushes and uncover the fossil to get a feel for what it might be like to work out in the field. My mini dig site turned out so well, I wanted to share so every child can have their very own. Unless you purchase the sand, this craft comes in at less than $10.00!
Here is the How-To.
Plastic tub at least 10”x13”x3”(I used a 11.5”x15”x3.5”) with a secure lid (for mess free storage) – $3.00
Small nylon paint brushes – $1.00 each
Oven bake clay – $3.00
Sand from the beach, sand box, or playground. You can also purchase a bag from a DIY store for around – $10.00
Any brown paints you may have on hand for “aging” the bones. (optional)
First, research the fossil you want to model yours after. I found this one online. It’s a “Tiny T-rex”, or Raptorex
Next, prepare your work surface. I did this by putting tinfoil on a baking sheet. Sounds tough, right? Then start modeling your fossil out of the clay. It doesn’t have to be perfect, trust me when I tell you, YOUR KIDS WON’T CARE!
Bake the “bones” for 15 minutes at 275 degrees for every ¼” thick of clay. I went a few extra minutes to be safe. Let cool.
Those little balls in the lower left hand corner are fossilized dinosaur eggs.
You can chose to dry brush some color onto the fossil to age it if you so chose.
Place the bones at the bottom of the container or tub and fill with sand to about the half way point. (Just enough to cover the “bones” and then some, this limits the sand from becoming a very messy situation.)
I printed out a picture of the fossil, so as the children found and cleaned the bones they could put the fossil back together like a puzzle. Again, this is an optional step.
Give each child a brush and start searching! You can also use this for pirate treasure or mini sand castle building.
The whole project took me less than 3 hours to make, this includes the brainstorming and shopping for the right materials. It’s storable, making your dig site reusable fun for hours of entertainment. As far as mess goes, it’s no worse than say play-doh, moon sand, or coming home from a day at the beach. Happing digging!!!
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What is in this article?:
- Vets on front line of global disease fight
- Nothing is foreign
- Veterinarians will be on the first line of defense against infectious agents that can have deadly and economically devastating consequences.
- Global travel, changing weather patterns and growing populations contribute to the advance of harmful diseases that spread between animals and humans or are transmitted from animal to animal.
Nothing is foreign
Last month in Atlanta, veterinarians sat alongside doctors, biologists and virologists at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control’s (CDC) Eighth International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases. Increasingly, veterinarians are experts in disease surveillance and prevention and in diagnosing and reporting unusual illnesses before they become epidemics, said WSU associate professor Mushtaq Memon, who teaches Emerging and Exotic Diseases of Animals and invited Eldridge to speak to his class.
These days, all it takes is a slip in agricultural sanitation or a traveler from another country with a microbe on the bottom of his shoe to set off an outbreak, Memon said.
"Nothing is foreign anymore, which means we’re all in this together,” he said. "By the time our students become veterinarians, we want them to be able to identify emerging diseases and know how to respond to them.”
Q fever, for example, is caused by a bacterium that can pass to humans mostly from goats, cattle and sheep. In animals, it can go unnoticed until pregnant females abort or deliver stillborns.
But in humans, it causes flu-like symptoms and, in rare cases, can be fatal, Eldridge told the students.
First recognized in Australia in the mid-1930s, Q fever appeared in the U.S. just a few years later. Last spring, seven ill people in Washington state were diagnosed with it.
"It’s here, folks,” said Eldridge, while holding his index finger in the air. "All it takes is one organism to make an animal or person sick.”
Working closely with the CDC and WSU, Eldridge traced the outbreak’s source to a Grant County ranch that breeds and sells goats; he then moved quickly to quarantine the animals at the 13 farms where they were sold. The people infected were treated with antibiotics and recovered.
Influenza in flight
So far, no birds in North America have tested positive for the deadly form of avian influenza, A-H5N1, but milder strains are showing up in migratory birds such as the northern pintail, Eldridge told the class. Though not dangerous, the virus is being closely monitored in case it mutates into something more virulent.
"We know from studying their migration patterns that our birds, namely pintails, associate with wild birds in Eurasia,” where H5N1 is most prevalent, he said.
Since 2003, H5N1has killed more than 50 percent of the 602 people infected with it in Asia, Europe and Africa, according to the World Health Organization.
Eldridge made it clear to students that when it comes to disease-causing pathogens, veterinarians can’t play chicken.
"Always remember,” he said, "Early identification; quick containment.”
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USDA Small Business Innovation Research Program Awards Forest Concepts $350,000 to Advance Biomass Reprocessing Technologies for Cellulosic Ethanol Production
Date Posted: August 19, 2009
Auburn, WA—The USDA Small Business Innovation Research program awarded Forest Concepts with a two-year $350,000 Phase II contract to advance the development of their technologies for reprocessing hog fuel and other chipped woody biomass to create clean streams of wood fiber and bark, while removing dirt, rock and other contaminants.
The cost and yield of most cellulosic biofuels processes is dependent on the quality and uniformity of feedstocks.
Clean wood fiber is the material of choice for most biochemical processes.
Bark has higher energy content for thermal energy production, and reportedly produces higher yield in some gasification systems.
The chip beneficiation process (a fancy term for sorting the wood from the wood) being developed by Forest Concepts can be optimized to produce precision feedstocks for bioconversion or thermochemical processing.
The organic co-products can then be directed to other solid biofuels, soil amendments and other uses.
We are very pleased that USDA is backing this development program that will benefit just about everyone in the cellulosic bioenergy industry,” said Forest Concepts’ Chief Technology Officer Dr. Jim Dooley.
“Regardless of which conversion technologies become the commercial winners in the future, they all are dependent upon clean, high yielding feedstocks.
"We believe that our technology will be key to ensuring cellulosic feedstock quality at the front end of biorefineries.”
“This is our fourth Phase II SBIR contract from USDA, and the second to be directly related to bioenergy feedstock supply technologies,” said Forest Concepts CEO Mike Perry.
“Our research and engineering team applied their sound science and disciplined design approach to bring the past three projects to successful outcomes.
"This project has several significant technical challenges, all of which we fully expect to solve during the next two years.”
For more information, call 253-333-9663.
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Latest update: July 3rd, 2012
With the 4th of July approaching, here’s a little Jewish Identity Quiz to help explain my point that our sense of Jewish identity gets all messed up in the Diaspora.
Many Jews make the mistake of thinking they are Jewish because they are members, in one form or another, of the Jewish religion. To their way of thinking, their main identity is as Americans, or Englishman, or Frenchmen, or Canadians, and they also belong to the Jewish religion, just like there are Americans who are Protestant, Catholic, or Baptist. But this isn’t the case at all. Being Jewish is a nationality, not merely a religion. We Jews are the Children of Israel. We are members of the Nation of Israel. It doesn’t matter where we live. Only because of having been exiled from our own Jewish Land and scattered to foreign countries for the last 2000 years do we mistakenly think we are members of those foreign, gentile nationalities. Yes, a Jew may have citizenship in the United States or France, but he is still, first and foremost a Jew. Without going into the deeper, spiritual explanation of our unique Jewish souls, this is a simple, basic truth that we have learned the hard way throughout our history, again and again and again. Wherever we wandered, whenever we thought we were good Yeminites, or good Spaniards, or loyal Germans, or dedicated Russians, or faithful Poles, sooner or later, the gentiles always reminded us that we were tragically mistaken – we were Jews – dirty stinking Jews.
All Jews are the People of Israel. For a time, we may reside in foreign lands, holding foreign passports, but in our fundamental essence, we are always Israelites – people whose ancestors came from the Land of Israel.
Let me give you an approximate example. Suppose a Chinese man, whose family has lived in China for 4000 years, comes to America and becomes an American citizen. Technically, he is an American, because he has all the proper papers in order, but he is still a Chinaman – that hasn’t changed. Looking at him, you instantly see that he is a Chinaman. Maybe after a few generations of marrying American blonds, his offspring will become to look more and more like regular Americans and one day they will be homogenized totally. But this gradual generational transformation from a Chinaman to an American can never happen with a Jew as long as he marries a Jew and has Jewish children who also marry real Jews. His offspring can be in America 500 years and they will still be, first and foremost, Jews. Because their nationality remains being members of the Children of Israel, who have temporarily been outcast from their Land.
That’s why being in the Diaspora so long has screwed up our thinking. Over the long years of exile, we mistakenly came to identify with the places where we lived. This is a natural phenomenon. But just like a leopard can’t change his spots, we cannot stop being Jews – which is derived from the word “Judah” or the people who were exiled from the Land of Judah – meaning Israel. You may think you are American, but that’s only your passport and birth certificate. Inside, you have an Israelite soul that you can never exchange for another. All you have to do is splash freezing cold water on your face, take off your Purim costume as an American or Frenchmen, abandon the masquerade, and face the fact that you are really an Israelite whose ancestors were dispersed from their Land.
To help you understand how terribly distorted our true Jewish-Israelite identity can be in the exile, here’s a simple pre-Fourth of July, Jewish Identity Quiz for your enjoyment.
While we have chosen the example of America as our sample Diaspora, Jews living in other countries can substitute pictures from the countries of their exile, whether it be England, France, Australia, or the North Pole. Choose only one answer to each question.
Which flag is the flag of your nation?
About the Author: Tzvi Fishman was awarded the Israel Ministry of Education Prize for Creativity and Jewish Culture for his novel "Tevye in the Promised Land." For the past several years, he has written a popular and controversial blog at Arutz 7. A wide selection of his books are available at Amazon. The views expressed in this blog are solely those of the author and do not represent the views of The Jewish Press
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Making a Difference
Oroville Hospital Team Dedicated to Community Health
Eating fresh foods is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. That is why Oroville Hospital hosts a weekly farmers’ market from June through September every Wednesday. We want to provide an easy way for the community to have access to fresh foods. Employees volunteer their time to answer questions and provide healthy tips on incorporating fresh foods into your diet.
Annual Health Fair
Every year Oroville Hospital hosts a health fair for the community. The health fair is a way patients and community members can interact with and ask questions to representatives of all the hospital departments. The hospital provides free educational information, free healthcare advice, and free health screenings. The health fair gives you a chance to see what services and resources are available from our hospital.
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Am I right in saying a Master Pentultimate will also be made before then?
Might it be that you are referring to a post that is somewhere in this forum where someone said that the Pentultimate is a bandaged version of the master Pentultimate?
Because I recall that somehow and never really understood.
Now I don't know anything about designing mechanism. I only always take my bought puzzles apart and try to understand how it works. (At least with most of my puzzles.)
But I think when comming from the Starminx there is no reason why the Master Pentultimate comes first.
I got the idea that you can imagine it like a Master Skewb: Look at the mass produced version. It's not a buildup with added functionality to a normal skewb. Instead there is a Dino Cube inside and the edges are connected to it.
You COULD however also make a Master Skewb from a normal one by adding layers. I think that's how Drew made his higher order Skewbs.
So I guess there is another way to approach the Master Pentultimate too. One that is not build up on the normal one but somehow recieved on a different way. I can't even close imagine what that could be. In that case the normal version would be shell above the master version.
I still believe that when comming from a Starminx though, the Pentultimate is a shell that comes before the master version.
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Facts, Features & Specs
ULTRA RIGID BODY
Torsional Rigidity. More than just a great name for a rock band, it's something that makes MINIs truly unique. The chassis design of a MINI Convertible provides reduced body torque so the suspension can concentrate on its job - providing great handling - instead of compensating for a flexing frame. It also means less squeaks and rattles, noise in the cabin, and overall vibration.
And in the event of a crash, the rigid body is able to withstand great forces. Which means increased protection for you and your MINI's passengers.
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Put a Stop to Nerve Injuries Called Stingers
Body-jarring moves are part of the game for football players, wrestlers, and others who play contact sports. They're also the most common cause of stingers, painful electrical sensations radiating through one of the arms. These painful injuries affect the nerves in the neck and shoulders, or those in the neck that branch off from the spinal cord, according to the North American Spine Society (NASS).
Stingers occur when the shoulder and head go in opposite directions, the head is moved quickly to one side, or the area above the collarbone is hit. The injury occurs when a spinal nerve in the neck is compressed as the head accelerates backward and the neck is forced toward the affected side. Stingers may also be caused when the head accelerates sideways, away from the shoulder, which overstretches the nerves in the neck and shoulder region.
You may feel a sudden burning or stinging pain in your arm or between your neck and shoulder. Your shoulder or arm may be tingly, weak, or numb. It also may feel like electrical sensations are radiating down one of your arms. Symptoms rarely last more than a few seconds or minutes.
If you have any of these symptoms, see your doctor right away, the NASS says. Untreated stingers can get better, but nerve damage and muscle weakness can linger. After you have a stinger, another similar injury is more likely. Multiple stingers cause permanent nerve damage and weakness.
Typically, stingers affect only one side of the body, although multiple injuries can affect both sides. Pain that occurs simultaneously in both arms after a neck injury may reflect damage to the spinal cord. These symptoms need further medical evaluation to address the extent of injury.
The pain and muscle weakness caused by stingers typically are treated with ice, then with anti-inflammatory medication and heat. You also need to rest until symptoms go away. If the pain lasts more than a few weeks, your doctor may order further tests to assess nerve damage. You may need a cervical collar to prevent more nerve irritation, traction to relieve pressure on nerves, or injections of cortisone to reduce inflammation.
Surgery is only considered if the injured nerve is severely compressed by a herniated disk or bone spur and there is severe, lasting pain or worsening weakness.
You shouldn't play again until:
The pain is gone
You have full range of motion in your neck
Testing does not show nerve damage or nerve compression
You have been reconditioned for play
Your playing technique and equipment should be reviewed to see if improvements can protect you from further injury. If you've had a stinger, don't get "burned" again. Strengthening your neck muscles or correcting chronic problems with your posture is the best way to help prevent future injury.
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We are not a militaristic nation, we Kiwis. However we have a proud fighting tradition, standing up for democracy and human rights all over the world. We lost many men and women in the World Wars and on many other fronts such as Viet Nam and Korea. Once a year on ANZAC Day, we remember them and those who have fallen since, in Afghanistan, East Timor and other fronts. In RSA Clubs around the country the dwindling numbers of vets and their families have a beer, share a yarn, have a dance and a sausage roll and club sandwich and share the ANZAC Prayer.
“They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old. Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun and in the morning, we will remember them.”
Then they play the last post, we stand proud and we remember.
My late father in law was a few months from his final rest after a terrible fight with cancer. He served in the Air Force in Guadal Canal and other locations during World War II and my mother in law was a Wren. You should have seen her march in the parade, as erect as she would have been in her youth. Now we are left with photos and memories, not only of our people, but of their reunions with their fellow service people, remembering the fun times and remembering the fallen and the horror as the nights went on. The things that they could only discuss with those who had shared the experiences. The things we civilians can’t appreciate because we weren’t there. The trenches, the mud, the desert, the beaches, the waiting, the camaraderie, the fear, the relief, the moments of respite, the people in the countries where they served, who looked at them with gratitude and relief, coming home with their cobbers, coming home without their mates.
Today is ANZAC Day and we remember our lost and respect those who remain. I’m proud to be a Kiwi, even though I am an import. In some ways more so because, while I haven’t experienced war first hand, I was born in Holland and the Allies rescued our country from the ravages of 5 years of occupation.
When I was in the USA again last year, I was humbled by the respect shown to all veterans in all places. Everywhere I went, I met and shook hands with people who had served. Everywhere I went, people thanked them for their service. Every concert I went to, we stood and people were thanked for their service. Of course the numbers of people who have served in the USA are so many more on a ratio than in New Zealand. They are more visible as well. While there is a lot of negativity towards US involvement around the world, I have to wonder with a shudder what our world would be like if they weren’t there. I also think about the fact that we are talking about individual people, with partners, children, parents, who are stepping outside of their lives to do the right thing for their country. They all have their own stories.
That’s what motivated me, after 6 months of research, to write the song Another Stretch in Iraq, my Christmas song for 2007. I remember performing it in a ‘biker friendly’ bar in Florida, seeing a couple of 6 foot something men coming to the stage and thinking “I’m going to get beaten to a pulp” as the came towards me with tears in their eyes. But no, they came to thank me and welcome me into the arms of their Desert Storm ‘family’, saying that I had taken them straight back to their Bradleys and MRE‘s.
Yet, as I sit here in my lounge and watch the ANZAC commemorations in New Zealand, I am reminded that we, at the bottom of the planet, far removed from all the fronts and global politics, do serve. We tend to be in peacekeeping forces these days rather than at the front lines, but you will find Kiwis in most countries where there is freedom to be preserved. We fight for human rights. We take global responsibility as we can and we care fiercely about freedom and democracy. To a large degree we do that because of those who lead by example, who took arms and piled onto planes and ships and those who didn’t come back.
We will remember them. We do remember them. Even if our eyes aren’t wet every day as they are this morning. We remember them and we honor them by trying to do the right thing for the future of our children.
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Waikiki legend, world wayfarerBy Harold Morse
Babe' Woollett dies at 92
Sophisticated and witty, Walter Babe Woollett, was a legend in Waikiki and a popular wayfarer around the world.
Woollett, 92, longtime aviator and Canadian Airlines executive, died Monday at his Colony Surf residence.
He was born in Rochester, Kent, England, and was a Hawaii resident nearly 40 years. His son, Charles Chips Woollett, here from Vancouver, Canada, described his father as a person of humor and humility. He was loved by many here in the travel industry, he said.
Walter Woollett had a myriad of interests and countless friends.
He was a man who walked among common men and royalty, his son recalled. He was very instrumental in putting together the British polo team.
His long service to Canadian Airlines earned him a reputation of helping build an airline that tied together the world from Europe to Australia.
Woollett joined the Royal Air Force in 1924, resigning his commission in 1929 to become a bush pilot in Canada. He was involved
with mining exploration and mapping in northern Quebec and Labrador and also made mail runs.
He joined Canadian Airways in 1932. Later, he completed an instrument flying course at a Royal Canadian Air Force base, then joined Dominion Skyways as operations manager.
In World War II, he and a partner organized air observer schools across Canada. For that wartime service, British King George VI awarded him the Order of the British Empire.
After the war, Woollett became manager of Canadian Pacific Airlines, Eastern Canada, transferring to Australia in 1949. He later worked to expand its service to Southern Europe. Among awards received, one from Spain recognized his help in developing trade between that nation and Canada.
Woollett served the airline in Hawaii from 1954 to 1957 as superintendent of South Pacific operations. He again came to Hawaii in 1962 as district sales manager, after service as assistant to the vice president in Montreal.
Woollett stayed with the carrier -- which over the years changed names from Canadian Pacific to CP Air to Canadian Airlines -- until his 70th birthday in 1976, retiring as director of community affairs.
He also is survived by an older sister, Nora Woollett, 97, in England, and a grandchild.
Services will be private. In lieu of flowers, donations may be made to Hospice Hawaii.
Carter Nott helped writeStar-Bulletin
R. Alex Anderson song
Carter Nott, of Ginger Hill, Kealakekua, Hawaii, a retired jewelry designer with Nott Co. who with songwriter R. Alex Anderson helped write the song I Will Remember You, died May 22 in Kona Hospital. He was 78.
Harry B. Soria Jr., long an aficionado of Hawaiian music, said the song first was sung and recorded in 1941 by Napua Stevens.
It is not the same song as the I'll
Remember You written and recorded much later by Kui Lee, and also recorded by Don Ho.
Nott was born in Honolulu to parents Eloise Wichman and F. Dickson Nott, both of kamaaina families.
He attended Stanford University and was an Army officer in World War II.
His wife, Barbara, preceded him in death.
He is survived by sister Gretchen Gould and brothers Frederick D.K. Nott and Robin Olds.
Services will be private.
Donations in his memory may be made to an organization or charity of the donor's choice.
Tofi T. Ah Van Jr.,82, of Waianae died May 21 in St. Francis Hospital. He was born in Leauvaa, Western Samoa. He is survived by wife Sialavai; sons Tovio and Tanuli; daughters Sue Penitusi, Lina Tau, Lucy Penn, Matalega Tuinei, Atoniga Faafiti and Rosalina Lafua; brothers Paulo and Meni; sisters Mata Mapuana, Anna Gray, Matalega Hodges, Sami William, Mena Kerr and Anastasia Sharland, 36 grandchildren and 37 great-grandchildren. Services: 3 p.m. Sunday at Waianae Samoan Congregational Church, 86-130 Puhawai Road. Services: 10:30 a.m. Monday at the church. Burial: Sunset Memorial Park. Casual attire.
Benjael C. Benny Carino,78, of Ewa Beach, a retired heavy equipment mechanic for Dole Cannery, died May 26 in Kaiser Hospital. He was born in the Philippines. He is survived by wife Isabel P.; sons Daniel, Roland, Reynaldo and Ben Carino Jr. and Dominador Cabantog; daughters Lorraine Dapar, Rebecca Donaldson, Rowena and Evelyn Tano, Elizabeth Locquiao, Lourdes Barbieto and Eustacia Madeira; brothers Antonio and Julio; sisters Pauline Ballesteros, Edralin Austria and Aurora Blaza, 41 grandchildren and six great-grandchildren. Wake services: 7 p.m. Sunday at Mililani Mortuary-Waipio, mauka chapel. Call from 6 to 9 p.m. Services: 10:30 a.m. Monday at the mortuary. Call after 8:30 a.m. Burial: Mililani Memorial Park. Casual attire.
Anita Chun Choi,94, of Wahiawa died Saturday. She was born in Korea. She is survived by daughters Mary Ann Choy, Evelyn Choi-Shon, Barbara Takashige and Eugenie Higuchi; sister Nina Chun-Lau, nine grandchildren and 16 great-grandchildren. Private services.
Robert F. Ensminger, 75, of Honolulu, also known as Bobby Roberts, a retired railroad engineer, died April 19 in Honolulu. He was born in Pennsylvania. He is survived by sons Robert Ensminger Jr. and Thomas Edward; daughters Carolyn Jean and Alicia Wenner, and sister June Taverna. Private services.
Hatsuyo Funamoto,83, of Honolulu, a retired self-employed doll maker, died Friday in Kapiolani Hospital at Pali Momi. She was born in Fukui Ken, Japan. She is survived by husband Thomas T. and son Raymond T. Services: 6 p.m. Monday at Hosoi Garden Mortuary. Call after 5 p.m. Cremation to follow. Casual attire. No flowers.
Mary T. Hata,79, of Honolulu, an employee of Carol & Mary and InterPacific Hawaii Retail Group, died Wednesday in Kuakini Hospital. She was Born in Pasadena, Calif. She is survived by husband James G. Morihara; daughters Susan O'Connor and Marylou Foley; son Peter H. Hata; stepdaughters Karen Chow and Liane Konn; stepson Sonny Morihara; sister Midori S. Onaga, 10 grandchildren and five great-grandchildren. Celebration of life: 6 p.m. Tuesday at St. Clement's Episcopal Church, 1515 Wilder Ave. Aloha attire.
Wai Chew Lee,87, of Honolulu died May 28. He was born in Honolulu. He is survived by wife Katherine; son Wayne; daughters Anita Silva and Janice Santos; sister Alice Lum, nine grandchildren and a great-grandchild. Services: 1:45 p.m. Monday at Diamond Head Mortuary. Call after noon. Burial: Diamond Head Mortuary.
Edward Leong,92, of Honolulu, a retired city worker, died Wednesday in Kaiser Hospital. He was born in Honolulu. He is survived by brothers Herbert and Ahnee, and sisters Mabel Abili and AhQuon McElrath. Private services.
Rebecca Mahoe,71, of Waianae died last Friday in Wahiawa General Hospital. She was born in Honolulu. She is survived by sons Charles Jr. and Charles III; daughters Charlotte Matapua, Agnes and Susan Mahoe, Frances and Rose Molioo, Julia Baclaan, Joan Hillen, Linda Segovia and Renee Scandlin; brother Henry Luka, 28 grandchildren and 11 great-grandchildren. Services held.
James Marr,31, of Kona, Hawaii died last Friday in St. Francis Hospital. He was born in California. He is survived by mother Linda; father Dale Hersh; grandmother Christine Blomo, and sister Cynthia Dahlberg. Memorial services: 4 p.m. Sunday at Hawaii Big Game Fishing Club at Honokohau Harbor. Scattering of ashes to follow. Aloha attire. Flowers welcome.
Sylvia C. Medeiros,69, a professional pianist, died May 28 in Santa Rosa, Calif. She was born in Honolulu. She is survived by son Alexander M.; daughters Patti Bickford, Maureen Cruze and Georgia Cruz; sisters Gwenfred L. Aken, Thelma Copp and Loretta Silva, seven grandchildren and a great-granddaughter. Private services.
Virginia N. Nazer,85, of Honolulu died May 23 in Hale Nani. She was born in New Hampshire. Memorial services: noon Aug. 2 at First Methodist Church. Donations suggested to the church.
Ernesto Quevido,81, of Aiea, who retired from Pearl Harbor Naval Supply Center, died May 28 in Kapiolani Hospital at Pali Momi. He was born in the Philippines. He is survived by wife Florence; sons Ernie, Alan and Gary; daughters Nina Burkert, Ivy Abafo, Rita Newcom, Charlotte Pagaduan and Lorene Alexander, 25 grandchildren and 21 great-grandchildren. Mass: 7 p.m. Monday at St. Elizabeth Church, 99-312 Moanalua Road. Call from 6 to 9 p.m. Prayer services: 10:30 a.m. Tuesday at Mililani Mortuary-Waipio, mauka chapel. Call after 8:30 a.m. Burial: Mililani Memorial Park. Casual attire.
Carl S. Robertson,67, of Makakilo, a retired employee at Hickam Air Force Base, died Tuesday at home. He was born in Oakland, Calif. He is survived by wife Abbey; sons Curtis, Carl Jr., William and Elton; brothers Charles, Miles and Donald; sisters Nellie Robertson and Elizabeth Botelho, and seven grandchildren. Services: 7 p.m. Monday at Borthwick Mortuary. Call from 6 to 9 p.m. Services: 11:30 a.m. Tuesday at the mortuary. Call from 9 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Burial: Hawaii State Veterans Cemetery. Casual attire.
Thomas Rosa,81, of Aiea died May 21. He was born in Hilo. He is survived by wife Pajita; daughters Sharon Moy, Elaine Ablog and Nadialyn Rosa; sisters Nora and Jane Jenks, and two grandchildren. Services: 7:30 p.m. Monday at Nuuanu Mortuary. Call from 6 to 9 p.m. Mass: 11 a.m. Tuesday at Our Lady of Good Counsel Church in Pearl City. Call after 9 a.m. Burial: Sunset Memorial Park.
Hua Da Ruan,37, of Honolulu, an auto mechanic, died Friday in St. Francis Hospital. He was born in China. He is survived by wife Rui Zhi; son Edward Jun Xian, and daughter Melissa Jie Tong. Buddhist services: 9 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Monday at Borthwick Mortuary. Burial: Hawaiian Memorial Park.
Joseph Big Joe Santos,71, of Haiku, Maui, who retired from Kahului Trucking and Storage, died Monday in Maui Memorial Hospital. He was born in Olinda, Maui. He is
survived by wife H. Harriet; sons Jordan and Michael; daughters Charlene Sakamoto, Joanne Santos and Donna Pico; brother Herbert; sisters Marie Tavares, Eva Vares, Dorothy Pastana and Myrna Santos, and 13 grandchildren. Services: 7:30 p.m. Wednesday at St. Joseph's Catholic Church. Call from 6 to 9 p.m. Mass: 10 a.m. Thursday at the church. Call after 8 a.m. Burial: Makawao Veterans Cemetery.
Mildred Y. Shiraki,83, of Honolulu, a retired store manager for Kuni Dry Goods, died Saturday at home. She was born in Honolulu. She is survived by husband Raymond N.; sons Michael N. and Reed T.; daughter Susan C. Hoe, eight grandchildren and two great-grandchildren. Services: 8 p.m. Monday at Hosoi Garden Mortuary. Call after 7 p.m.
Janet Simon,82, of Aiea died May 25 in St. Francis Hospital. She was born in New York. She is survived by daughter Leslie Hayashi. Private services. Donations suggested to the Hawaii State Library Foundation.
John E. Steele Jr., 71, of Honolulu, a retired merchant seaman, died Sunday in Queen's Hospital. He was born in Luzerne, Pa. He is survived by wife Caroline; daughters Hope Goodwin and Heather Steele, and brothers Robert and Gilbert. Graveside services: 9:30 a.m. Monday at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, Punchbowl. Casual attire. No flowers.
William E. Stimmel,75, of Kailua, president of Stimmel Architects Ltd., died May 25. He is survived by companion Sheila; son Christopher; daughter Catherine; brother C. Howard, and sister Marjorie Forrey. Private services. No flowers. Donations in his memory suggested to a charity.
Chieko Tarumoto,90, of Honolulu is also survived by brother George Yamanaga. The additional information for an obituary published Tuesday was provided by the mortuary.
Leo A. Wolfe,60, of Waipahu, a retired auto mechanic, died Sunday at home. He was born in La Rue, Ohio. He is survived by former wife Nani; sons Christopher L. and Jerry J.; mother Helen; brothers Ron and John, and sisters Agnes Rose, Ann Cantrell and Linda White. Memorial services on the mainland at a later date.
Raymond A.S. Ah Chow Yap,68, of Paia, Hawaii, manager of Yamaha of Hawaii, died Tuesday in Maui Memorial Hospital. He was born in Haiku, Maui. He is survived by wife Alice H.; sons Raymond A.S. Jr. and Richard D.; stepson Richard Goles Jr.; daughters Delilah Mae Yap and Sheri Lee Franco; stepdaughters Rosalind Canite and Bernadette Knight; sisters Rose Mark, Maud Hee, Mew Lang Pickford and Lorraine Brown; 19 grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. Services: 7:30 p.m. Wednesday at Nakamura Mortuary. Call from 6 to 9 p.m. Casual attire. No flowers.
Hideko Betty Yoshimura,82, of Honolulu, who retired from Hawaiian Telephone Co., died April 26 in Queen's Hospital. She was born in Hilo, Hawaii. She is survived by brothers Shingo and Howard N., and sisters Mitsuko Yoshimura and Carol K. Nakamura. Private services.
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What's that old saying? An apple a day keeps the doctor away? How about if you add a pear too?? This bread has equal parts of both apples and pears as well as equal parts of white and wheat flours.
It's so hard to get kids to eat healthy. My son asks for french fries at least a couple times a week. I have to explain to him that french fries only make it onto the "menu" about once a week! The mornings during the school and work week are pretty hectic in our house. I always make sure I have a breakfast bread made, so my family can grab it quickly and eat something nutritious first thing to get them going. This bread is also great as an after school snack as my daughter and one of her friends found out yesterday! When making this recipe, use a tart apple, like a granny smith and a firm pear like an anjou.
Cathy has been "retired" from the paid workforce since 1996 to raise her family which includes one husband, one second grader, one teen and one stepson. She has been cooking and baking for as far back as she can remember for her family and friends in "Cathy's Kitchen." She is excited to be able to share her recipes as well as her cooking and baking hints with other home cooks. Please feel free to comment or ask a question about her recipes or about cooking and baking in general.
1 1/2 cups white flour
1 1/2 cups wheat flour
1 cup white sugar
2 large eggs
1/2 cup canola oil
1 teaspoon baking soda
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/2 teaspoon baking powder
1/2 teaspoon nutmeg
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
1 cup peeled and shredded apple
1 cup peeled and shredded pear
Preheat oven to 375 degrees and lightly grease a 9 x 5 x 3-inch loaf pan. Put all ingredients into large mixing bowl in the order above and mix by hand until well blended. The batter will be a little stiff. Pour mixture into loaf pan and bake about 55 minutes or until toothpick inserted into the middle comes out clean. Cool on rack 15 minutes and then remove from loaf pan.
To read more from Cathy, visit onthemenutodayatcathyskitchen.blogspot.com/
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|The Acacia Valley Trail|
Located just 13 kilometers south of the Town of Digby along the Ridge Road in Hillgrove is one of this area’s most unknown natural attractions, the Acacia Valley Trail.
To find this trail take the Mill Road to a parking area at the starting point for the wheelchair path. This trail is one of only two in the province that has wheelchair access to brook fishing, and also provides an opportunity for all ages to experience an important ecosystem. During an interview with Project Leader, Martin Kaye, he stated, “In 1997, the Digby East Fish and Game started a restoration project which revitalized part of the Acacia Valley Brook to make it more habitable for wildlife. The second phase of the project involved the creation of the wheelchair trail. This one and a half kilometer trek is covered with slate and offers access over boggy areas and large platforms over the brook, so wheelchairs can easily maneuver. Each platform has benches and tables that are wheelchair accessible.”
In addition, there are 18 kilometers of trails that have been surveyed but not yet developed for use. This unique trail, when completed, would guide the hiker through a natural watershed system from the headwaters to a salt-water estuary. The different ecosystems and plant life would give an education and appreciation for how important and fascinating watershed environments can be.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Acacia Valley Brook was home to a gristmill, a tannery, a barrel mill, a hotel and even a mine. The name Acacia comes from a tree that grows in the area and resembles an Acacia tree. This tree was used in the tannery process and the valley was named after the abundant tree. The 18-kilometer trail contains a huge granite rock that can be climbed to provide a view above the trees. There are also old growth areas with trees over 150 years old.
In 1998, the Digby East Fish and Game received the Gulf of Maine Visionary Award for being one of the first to develop such a project in the region. The Digby East Fish and Game hope to continue developing the trail in the near future and provide more access to this important ecosystem.
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On Monday, the organizers of the Beijing Olympics issued “legal guidance” covering 57 issues relevant to foreigners planning to attend this summer’s Games (see WSJ story here). Some excerpts from these rules, presented in the original Q&A format:
No. 22: Is it possible to sleep out in the city?
In order to protect the urban public hygiene and a civilized appearance, it is prohibited to sleep in public places, including airports, train stations, piers, pedestrian crossings (both sky bridges and underground passages) and grassy areas.
No. 32: Is China entirely open to foreign tourists?
China is not currently fully open to foreigners, foreigners who have not obtained permits should not enter areas that are not open to the outside.
No. 36: How are the business hours of entertainment venues regulated?
Entertainment venues may not do business between the hours of 2 a.m. and 8 a.m.
No. 45: Must foreigners carry documentation?
Foreigners should carry documentation. In carrying out their duties, the foreign affairs police at the county level or above have the right to examine the passports and other papers of foreigners.
No. 47: At cultural, sports and other large-scale mass activities, is it possible to display slogans, banners and other articles?
China prohibits the display of insulting slogans, banners and other articles at sports grounds, and prohibits the display at Games venues of any religious, political or ethnic slogans, banners and other items.
No. 50: How are drunk people handled?
When appearing drunk, if a drunk person poses a threat of danger to himself/herself or to other persons, property or the public safety, public security organs should take protective measures toward [the drunk person] until he/she is sober.
No. 56: What regulations does China have on behavior that insults the national flag or national emblems?
Criminal liability will be pursued according to the law for the following acts: willful burning, damaging, soiling, defacing, trampling and other methods of insulting the national flag and national emblems on public occasions.
For even more Q&A (in Chinese) visit this page.
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The World of Testing
I recently taught a seminar on assessment for the Graduate Program of Teton Science Schools. To engage the students, I began with a series of slides with comical solutions to standardized exam questions. For example, on a traditional multiple choice test, a question showed a triangle with one side labeled with the variable x and the other two sides identified with numbers. The question asked, “Find x.” The student responded by circling the x and writing, “here it is.” A correct answer, but not the “right” answer.
Standardized tests: the word evokes joy in some (those that excel at these tests and policy makers who find an easy data point to use for measurement) and pain in others (those that are taking the tests or schools that are penalized by the results). The week before break, all Journeys School students in grades 3-8 took an exam called the CTP-4 created by the Educational Records Bureau. Students spend four mornings filling in bubbles (either on paper for the younger students or on the computer for the older students). Due to our independence as a school, we do not have to follow the guidelines of No Child Left Behind, the federal law that mandates testing for all public school students. This freedom allows us to use these assessments as they have been designed – to help watch students grow over time and to help inform our teaching. Teachers will use the data from the test, along with hundreds of other data points, and paint a picture of a student over the course of the year. As we distribute results to parents, I know that they will be looked at with more scrutiny than the in-class essay, performance, project, or unit test by some parents. Every year, I preach caution about the interpretation of these scores. Most research suggests that results of large scale norm referenced tests are to be interpreted carefully and with limitations. Scores are heavily dependent on the timing of the taught curriculum, the comfort level of the test-taker, and the linkages between the content on the test and the content taught in the school.
As more weight is put into standardized testing in the United States (contrary to the rest of the world), the public curriculum moves further from a liberal arts education to a narrow curriculum teaching only a small fraction of the knowledge and skills necessary for an adult to succeed in a thriving democracy. This is no way to create an innovative, intelligent, and thoughtful society. Organizations like fairtest.org promote changes in how the tests are being used and how the tests are constructed. At the university level, more and more highly selective schools are test optional for admissions which acknowledges that the success of a student is not predicted by test scores alone. Even the ERB organization itself cautions against any interpretation of changes in norms. Increases in scores are normal and expected but norm scores have larger errors (greater than one stanine (all norms are broken into nine stanines)).
So where does this leave Journeys School? We analyze the results of the tests as we do any other assessment. We look for deviations from expected results in individual students and we investigate patterns in the larger content areas. These investigations allow us to determine how well our students performed on the content areas assessed by the exams and how well they take standardized tests. As most high school students have been told, there is a skill to taking a standardized test that has nothing to do with the content on the test. The large scale industry around test prep is an indicator of this (luckily Journeys School offers free test prep to all of our high school students – outside of class hours). We also are beginning a project to closely analyze the content on the CTP-4 and compare it to the content in our classes. It is not our intent to teach to the test, but to better understand how this test can help inform how to better teach our students. As I reviewed the scores this week, I was reminded of another test response from my presentation. The question asked, “How far will a ball roll down a hill before stopping?” The student responded by drawing a dragon in the middle of the hill and stating “the ball will stop when it hits the dragon.” This question would have been marked wrong, but certainly is a measure of some level of creativity. (For a good review of the literature on standardized testing, please see http://jalt.org/test/edw_1.htm. )
Your comment must be approved before it will be added.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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|"Santa Maria della Neve" - 1760|
This was because dialects were mostly spoken in the towns and the Italian language as we know it did not really exist. In spite of this, we noticed that often Latin names also had minor variations in spelling from Church to Church. Some names are easier to recognize than others such as IJosephina -Josephine and Philippus-Philip.
The image on the left is taken from the Cosenza Exchange and the record is copied from Santa Maria della Neve from the frazione of Santa Maria La Castagna in Montalto Uffugo.
More interesting Latin Surname sites:
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Treats infections. This medicine is an antibiotic.
There may be other brand names for this medicine.
When This Medicine Should Not Be Used
You should not receive this medicine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to kanamycin. You might not be able to receive this medicine if you have had an allergic reaction to any other antibiotic such as gentamicin, tobramycin or Amikin®. This medicine is not for long-term use. Do not use this medicine if you are pregnant.
How to Use This Medicine
- Your doctor will prescribe your exact dose and tell you how often it should be given. This medicine is given through a needle placed in one of your veins. This medicine can also be given as a shot into one of your muscles.
- A nurse or other trained health professional will give you this medicine.
- Keep using this medicine for the full treatment time, even if you feel better after the first few doses. Your infection may not clear up if you stop using the medicine too soon.
Drugs and Foods to Avoid
Ask your doctor or pharmacist before using any other medicine, including over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.
- There are many other medicines that you should not use together with kanamycin. This includes nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines. Make sure your doctor knows about all other medicines you are using, especially diuretics ("water pills") and other antibiotics.
Warnings While Using This Medicine
- Using this medicine while you are pregnant can harm your unborn baby. Use an effective form of birth control to keep from getting pregnant. If you think you have become pregnant while using the medicine, tell your doctor right away.
- Make sure your doctor knows if you are breast feeding, or if you have kidney disease, Parkinson's disease, or myasthenia gravis. Tell your doctor if you have asthma or other breathing problems, or if you have had an allergic reaction to sulfites (preservatives). Be sure to tell your doctor if you have a history of kidney problems or if you have ever received dialysis.
- This medicine may cause hearing loss. Call your doctor right away if you notice any changes in your hearing or if you have dizziness, nausea, or vomiting.
- Your doctor may want to test your hearing regularly while you are receiving kanamycin. Tell your doctor if you already have hearing problems before you are given this medicine.
- Your doctor will also need to check your blood and urine on a regular basis while you are receiving this medicine. This is to make sure your kidneys are working properly.
Possible Side Effects While Using This Medicine
Call your doctor right away if you notice any of these side effects:
- Allergic reaction: Itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, trouble breathing
- Decrease in how much or how often you urinate.
- Eye movements that you cannot control.
- Muscle weakness or twitching.
- Ringing or roaring sounds in your ears.
- Skin rash, or numbness and tingling.
- Wheezing or breathing problems.
If you notice these less serious side effects, talk with your doctor:
- Mild diarrhea.
- Pain where the IM shot was given.
If you notice other side effects that you think are caused by this medicine, tell your doctor
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088
- The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition.
- A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.
- Call 911 for all medical emergencies.
- Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites.
©1997 - A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
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Unfortunately, I wasn't able to find any more Dagbani language learning videos than the ones that Allison already links in her blog post (and it looks like you watched in class this week).
UCLA phonetics lab has an audio archive entry for Dagbani, but it is geared toward documenting the language not teaching a non-speaker.
I did find print resources that might be helpful... with the hefty caveat that since Dagbani, like many sub-saharan African languages, is tonal you really need to physically hear the spoken pronunciations to make progress with the language. In any case, here they are:
Sorry I wasn't able to locate more!
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Colombia's 'Operation Bethlehem' Guides Guerrilla Fighters Out of Jungle
Following Titanium-Winning Campaign 'Rivers of Light,' Lowe SSP3's New Christmas Effort Shines a BeaconBy: Laurel Wentz, Published: Dec 12, 2012
In Colombia's ongoing effort to persuade guerrilla fighters hidden deep in the jungle to defect from the armed struggle, Bogota agency Lowe SSP3 is using the holiday season to literally light a path for them to follow in "Operation Bethlehem."
A year ago, the agency's "Rivers of Light" Christmas campaign floated LED-lit plastic balls filled with hopeful messages and small gifts down the rivers the guerrilla fighters use to get around. That effort, which won a Titanium Lion at this year's Cannes Lions festival, prompted 180 insurgents to leave the jungle. That included one senior commandant who defected with his whole group and brought along its entire arsenal, including guns, mortars and grenades, said Jose Miguel Sokoloff, Lowe & Partner's chief creative officer.
His agency Lowe SSP3 has been working with the Colombian government for several years to persuade fighters from groups such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, better known as FARC, to "demobilize." This year, the agency learned from military intelligence reports that the guerrilla fighters were being shuffled around the region in an effort to prevent desertion. No longer in familiar terrain, even if they wanted to leave, it was harder to find their way to the nearest town to surrender.
"If they wanted to get out, they can't," Mr. Sokoloff said.
So this year's holiday campaign had to literally show them a path to a safe place, and "Operation Bethlehem" was born. After the army identified five strategic areas, powerful beacons were placed in key town plazas or other safe places. Starting Dec. 17, the beacons will illuminate the sky every night as guiding lights to give guerrillas a destination to head toward when they escape from their camps at night.
The agency brainstormed ways to illuminate the route through the jungle, and used all of them. On Dec. 7, a Colombian holiday when children light candles, military helicopters dropped thousands of lights along paths traveled by the insurgents. By dropping them from the sky, the lights would get tangled too high in the trees to be removed by guerrilla leaders. And since rivers are the jungle's highways, glow-in-the-dark billboards have been installed along the rivers with the message "Guerrilla, follow the light." Glow-in-the-dark stickers were attached to vehicles believed to be carrying food to the insurgents.
Fighters are often in touch with their families, especially around the holidays, so to spread the message, radio spots are running in the form of rewritten Christmas carols that end, "This Christmas, follow the light. Demobilize."
A TV and online spot shows "Operation Bethlehem," from the helicopters dropping lights into the jungle to local people switching on the beacon in their town. The spot concludes, "Follow the light that will guide you to your family and friends. Demobilize. At Christmas, everything is possible."
The goal is for escaping insurgents not to have to walk more than 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) to reach their beacon and place of safety, although that can take several days in rough jungle terrain, Mr. Sokoloff said.
The guerrilla forces are a shifting population, because they are always recruiting new members, but he estimates about 16,000 have defected since the demobilization effort began in 2009, when Colombia's current president, Juan Miguel Santos, was the minister of defense.
"Operation Bethlehem" is particularly appropriate now because the armed fighters are aware that their leaders are holding peace talks in Havana while they're in the jungle under attack. Or, as Mr. Sokoloff said, "If this is going to end anyway, don't be the last one dead."
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<urn:uuid:c97df5a5-30c4-4f7a-8a63-3898df7cf6bb>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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Cape Wind, the proposed and hotly debated wind farm off the coast of Massachusetts in Nantucket Sound, was approved by the Obama administration in April 2010. While opponents voiced concerns about potential damage to the fishing and tourism industry and to coastal and marine ecosystems, others say the project is a much-needed first step in the development of offshore wind in the United States, which has the potential to be an excellent source of clean energy for the East Coast.
The Cape Wind farm is projected to produce up to 468 megawatts of wind power, which would be about 50 percent as much power as a typical nuclear plant would produce. According to Jim Gordon, president of Cape Wind Associates, coastal states use 73 percent of the nation’s electricity, and the construction of Cape Wind will allow some of these states to obtain more of their energy from a local, renewable resource. Cape Wind Associates predicts the 130 turbines, which will be 440 feet tall from the surface of the water and 16 feet in diameter at the base, will produce enough energy to offset 113 million gallons of oil per year.
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Posted by Larry Hoover on January 29, 2003, at 18:25:54
In reply to How do I know which fish oil is safe from mercury?, posted by Lawrence S. on January 29, 2003, at 1:25:09
> I have worked in an environment full of heavy metal for 25 years. I don't need any more exposure to lead, PCB's and worst of all mercury. Can anyone give me a little more evidence that there is a EPA supplement out there that is safe or safer than the rest. Some brands claim to be molecularly distilled etc. I do not fully trust any of them.
The process that concentrates fish oil also purifies it. There are no detectable heavy metals in pure fish oil. Metals partition into the flesh, as they bind irreversibly to protein. Pure fish oil contains no protein, and thus, no metals. Independent lab results verify this. See:
All fish oil products which use the phrase "molecularly distilled" (a frightful misuse of the language, to any chemist) come from a single wholesale jobber in New Brunswick.
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Gold hit a new high in euros today on the back of fresh uncertainties in Europe, particularly in Spain.
As you know money market funds are savings vehicles with a fixed unit price that pay dividends, like a savings account. They arose as alternatives to bank deposit accounts because they were able to present higher returns than the regulated banks.
The Banks, and their regulatory friends who have been mostly among the Republicans want the money markets to have a floating price like a stock, opening the possibility for negative returns on savings. Turbo Timmy G. came out today calling for reforms in the money market funds, and a 'floating price' for the money market fund.
Et tu Timmy? All day long. The young man is getting ready to leave Washington after the election and take a lucrative trip through the crony capitalist revolving door, and probably into the banking sector.
The increased uncertainty, the chance of negative returns on your savings if the funds are allowed to fluctuate below one dollar per unit, is sure to drive quite a bit of risk adverse money out of the money market funds. And it opens the door to price manipulation and fraud, doing nothing to help promote transparency and confidence.
The Banks have always hated the money market funds, and are hoping capital will move out of the funds to them in the form of cheap, insured deposits.
I think quite a bit will go into gold and silver as people sicken of the financial repression of the Banks and their friends.
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Since statehood in 1859, the Land Board has been composed of the Governor (chair), Secretary of State and State Treasurer. Gov. John Kitzhaber, who served on the Land Board during his previous eight-year tenure (1995 - 2003), began his third term as Governor on Jan. 10, 2011. Secretary of State Kate Brown has served since 2009, and State Treasurer Ted Wheeler began his service in 2010.
Gov. Kitzhaber, a former emergency room doctor, is the first Governor to be elected to the office three times. He began his political career in 1979 when he was elected to the Oregon House of Representatives, then served as a state senator from 1981 to 1993, and Senate president from 1985 to 1993. Secretary of State Brown served in the Oregon Legislature for 17 years (1991 - 2008), where she became Oregon's first woman to serve as the Senate Majority Leader. Treasurer Wheeler served as Multnomah County chair from November 2006 - March 2010, and worked previously in the financial industry with Bank of America and the Copper Mountain Trust.
Oregon's Constitution directs the Land Board to manage lands under its jurisdiction to obtain the greatest benefit for the people of Oregon, consistent with resource conservation and sound land management. The board oversees the Common School Fund and state lands dedicated to providing revenue for the fund.
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Beware! Lions, tigers and bears have been found in the Rare Book Department at the Free Library of Philadelphia. Before making this discovery several weeks ago I wouldn’t have believed it either, but there really are lions, tigers, and bears in the Borneman Pennsylvania German Manuscript Collection. I’ve only really met one lion so far, but I predict I’ll soon be meeting tigers and bears as well. The lion who greeted me was wearing a crown; holding an upraised sword in his right paw; and a sheaf of arrows in his left. None too friendly mind you! However, he was looking to his left, and safely enclosed in a shield, surmounted with a fleur-de-lis crown. He had lost part of his face, and tail, which made me none too happy because it’s always important to see a lion’s face. I asked myself how long he had been living in the Borneman Manuscript 1, Hymnal of the Pietists of the Wissahickon, where I had found him. This king of the beasts wasn’t about to tell me, and I totally understood because you see, he was in two pieces. The bookbinder must have cut him in two before binding the blank leaves of paper into a narrow format. While paging through the manuscript I also found a lily on a shield, surmounted by a fleur-de-lis crown. The lily I had rather expected because someone had noted in pencil on the front pastedown (the leaf of an endpaper that is pasted to the inside of the front or back cover of a book) that one might find one. No one, however, had ever said anything about a lion! Both the lion and the lily are watermarks, and there are, indeed, lions, tigers, bears, other animals, flowers, and symbols used by papermakers as watermarks.
So, what is a watermark? A watermark is a figure or design impressed in paper as it is being made. Take one of your bank checks and hold it to the light: You should be able to see a “security” watermark , which guarantees the check’s authenticity. Paper manufactured today, as in the 18th and 19th century, bears a watermark, which is unique to the producer of that paper. It is his/her trademark.
Most paper made prior to circa 1817 is marked with finely and evenly spaced sieve-like line impressions left by the thin strands of brass wire that were fixed horizontally to a rigid rectangular wooden frame a bit larger than the intended paper size, and with vertical chain line impressions that were left in the paper by the slightly thicker brass wires laid at about one inch intervals across, and perpendicular to the finer horizontal wires. Paper handmade on these types of moulds is known as laid paper, and is easily distinguished from wove paper, which, when held to the light will appear uniformly translucent, exhibiting no pattern whatsoever. Although there were wove paper moulds in use as early as about 1788, this type of paper did not begin to replace laid paper until after ca. 1817.
In the 18th and 19th century, watermarks were formed by hand from fine wire, and then sewn—also with fine wire—to the upper surface of the laid paper mould’s wire sieve. Most early American watermarks were simple in design, such as initials or a name on one half of the mould and a symbol or device, i.e. the countermark, on the other half. Individual characteristics are always evident in both the design and execution, as well as in their positions relative to the chain and laid lines. Paper and its watermarks are an integral part of a manuscript or book, and a vital tool in document identification. They help establish approximate dates for undated manuscripts. Often there are no dates given at all for a particular manuscript, or there are a whole lot of different dates, and names appended to excerpts with notations identifying the original author and when he wrote the piece, but no mention of the scrivener and when he copied the piece into that particular manuscript. In those instances where several people have made different entries over a period of time, the watermark is instrumental in setting time and geographical parameters.
Records show that many American mills were in business for only relatively short periods of time, so a date before which and after which a watermark would have been less likely in use can be determined with relative certainty. However, because a mill may have held the paper for further seasoning (further aging of paper), or a printer may have delayed using the paper he had intended for immediate use, the interval between the production of a sheet of paper and its use is not so easily ascertained. Interestingly enough, research does indicate that approximately 94% of all paper featuring a date in the watermark was used within six years of the watermark date.
So far we’ve been able to look at about 20 manuscripts from the Borneman Pennsylvania German Manuscript collection, and have found 16 watermarks of which four have their countermarks. Of those, we have five digital images obtained by using a backlit scan to capture the image. The cooperation of conservators such as Jim Hinz, Rebecca Smyrl, Mary Broadway, and Keith Jameson at the Conservation Center for Art & Historic Artifacts (CCAHA) has made it possible to do the backlit scans when the manuscripts are disbound for conservation.
A few examples will show you how these watermark images are helping us determine when and where the manuscripts were created.
Borneman Ms. 1, The Hymnal of the Pietists of the Wissahickon, is a commonplace book containing select copies of religious works, hymns, descriptions of religious ecstatic experiences, and poetry. We do not know who the scrivener was or when he created the work. However, we do know that the copy he made of Madame Guyon’s Short and Easie Method of Prayer was an English translation "done out of French, and printed in the year 1704" (excerpted from title page of work). We also know from a note to hymn #188 Der einsamen Turtel=Tauben…that it was sung by Johann Gottfried Selig (1668-1745) on July 24, 1709. Selig was one of the leaders of the Johannes Kelpius Community along the Wissahickon.
Thomas’s Gravell’s American Watermarks 1690-1835 (New Castle, Delaware: Oak Knoll Press, 2002), has an example from 1709 (Fig. 619, 134) of our fleur-de-lis watermark, which belongs to Wintherthur Museum in Wilmington, Delaware. Per Jeanne Solensky, librarian for the Joseph Downs Collection of Manuscripts and Printed Ephemera at Winterthur Museum, this 1709 document (55.759) is part of their Legal Documents collection, Collection 268. The record refers to a suit brought by Joseph Growden of Philadelphia for damages sustained (not specified), and is on paper made by the Rittenhouse Papermill, the oldest papermill in America (1690).
William Algernon Churchill was an avid collector of watermarks, and includes in his important work Watermarks in Paper in Holland, England, France, etc. in the XVII and XVIII Centuries and Their Interconnection (Amsterdam: M. Hertzberger, 1935; repr. 1967, 1985, and 1990) an illustration of our lion from his collection. It was found on paper used in 1707 by the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, a republic in Europe existing from 1581-1795. It is the watermark of the famous French papermaker Jean Villedary (1668-1758). Should we be concerned that we’ve found a European papermaker’s watermark? Prior to the American Revolution almost all paper was imported from Europe, so it’s not unusual to find European watermarks on paper used in the colonies predating 1775. Both watermarks help us place the date of the Borneman Ms. 1 to ca. 1709, and the Rittenhouse watermark suggests that it had to have been written on this side of the Atlantic.
Borneman Ms. 98, Charles F. Egelmann's Commonplace Book of Remedies Along with Notes on Sundry Mechanical and Scientific Topics is undated. A watermark PB in outline in the center of one of the Ms. pages identifies the papermaker Peter Bechtel, a native of Germany, who owned and operated mills in Germantown, PA, and who is known to have ordered moulds watermarked PB on an annual basis from 1798 until 1820 from Nathan Sellers, America’s first large-scale maker of paper moulds. Our PB watermark matches a PB watermark in a document dated 1806 from the Delaware Historical Society Collection (Thomas Gravell’s American Watermarks (Fig. 749, 163). This information helps us estimate that Egelmann started writing the manuscript in America ca.1806. Without the watermark, we would have no way to approximate the date of Borneman Ms. 98.
It is important to record paper and watermark information when cataloguing a book or manuscript: Both are essential tools in determining the age of a document, and are an integral and added dimension to the work. Dr. Keith Arbour, noted author, and bibliographer has this to say on page xv of his Foreword to Thomas Gravell’s American Watermarks : “It is now up to bibliographers and institutional cataloguers of early American imprints to act on the widespread—and widely ignored—recognition that records for books under their scrutiny are unacceptably inadequate unless they include paper and watermark descriptions.”
We have begun to record the watermarks we’re finding in the Borneman Pennsylvania German Manuscript collection. Their digitization and availability online will provide a global audience unlimited instantaneous access to a resource, valuable not only to us, but also to the public-at-large. Please be sure to visit our Facebook gallery for more watermark digital images.
Preservation of the Free Library of Philadelphia's Pennsylvania German manuscript collection has been made possible in part by a major grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities: Because democracy demands wisdom. Any views, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this post do not necessarily represent those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Pennsylvania German Collection,
Rare Book Department
Laid Paper Mould with Watermark and Countermark in Henk Voorn, De papiermolens in de provincie Gelderland...(Haarlem, Holland: Vereniging van Nederlandse Papier- en Kartonfabricken,1985), 57.
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The CAENTI is a European research action that aims at integrating the research activities that are led by fifteen partners on the territorial intelligence tools so as to give them a European dimension.
The CAENTI, “Coordination Action of the European Network of Territorial Intelligence” is a research action that is funded by the Sixth Framework Program of Research and Technological Development of the European Union in the specific program “Integrate and Strengthen the European Research Area” and in the Seventh thematic priority “Citizens and Governance in a knowledge-based society”. It gathered fifteen partners which belong to eight countries. It started on March, the 1st 2006 for three-year duration.
It leads three research activities that contribute to the integration of the research activities on the territorial intelligence tools so as to give them a European dimension:
- The activity Tools is about the design and making of professional tools to help the actors drafting sustainable development projects, and then to manage and valuate them.
- Upstream, the activity Methods identifies the protocols of scientific research activities and the generic instruments that are used to analyse the territorial information and that will provide technological solutions to design tools.
- In parallel, the activity Governance takes inventory of the uses and principles that will guarantee the respect of the sustainable development ethics by these tools, in particular their ability to improve participation, global approach and partnership.
The organization of an annual international conference of territorial intelligence and the territorial intelligence portal are the two dissemination activities of these research activities results.
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Introduction of European standards to help Ukraine become important international player - Hryshchenko
Vice-Premier Kostyantyn Hryshchenko, ex-Foreign Minister of Ukraine, believes that Ukraine's progress in introducing European principles and standards will help it become an important player in Eastern Europe.
"Today is the 416th birth anniversary of Petro Mohyla, the great Ukrainian political, church and educational figure. It is a good opportunity to recall that Ukraine was not only the first country in Eastern Europe to open its own university. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries it was the major source and promoter of humanist ideas in the entire continent," Hryshchenko said at a commemorative event in Kyiv on Friday. "Paying the tribute of memory and respect to Petro Mohyla, we should take a deeper look at Ukraine's mission in the region and the continent. Our success on the path of the introduction of European principles and standards in all areas of life will allow Ukraine to regain its important role in Eastern Europe," Hryschenko said.
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With temperatures finally feeling like winter this past week, it’s time to dream and plan for next spring’s garden. With many spring catalogs already available, in print and online, it’s easy to plan ahead. Whether looking for vegetables, herbs, perennials or annuals, the new season will be here before we know it.
To warm up on these dreary winter days, try thinking about heat-loving tropicals. Here’s one that I purchased about three years ago when it was only about 4 inches tall. It took three seasons to reach maturity and bloom at about 6 feet tall.
Caesalpinia gilliesii, or bird-of-paradise shrub, is not the orange bird-of-paradise plant (Strelitzia reginae) that is native to the subtropical coasts of southern Africa and common in warm areas such as Florida, California and Hawaii. That evergreen perennial resembles the head of a brightly colored tropical bird, according to the University of Hawaii Cooperative Extension Service and is also called crane flower.
The tropical shrub Caesalpinia gilliesii, which is semi-evergreen in warmer-winter areas, sports clusters of large yellow flowers with eye-catching long red stamens. The open shrub, which originated in Argentina and Uruguay, is in the legume family with the typical finely textured leaves.
Once established, Caesalpinia gilliesii needs only occasional watering — tolerating cold, heat and drought. It is considered a good specimen for water-wise and fire-wise gardening, which we’ve been hearing a lot about lately.
The cold hardiness is rated from zones 6b to 10. A prolonged cold snap could kill it to the ground, but it should resprout from the roots. I purchased mine from the Stillwater nursery Bustani Plant Farm, and they report some specimens in Stillwater are 50 years old.
Plant bird-of-paradise shrub in full sun in well-drained soil.
For horticulture information, call the Oklahoma State University Extension Center in Dewey at 918-534-2216.
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I grew up in Breckenridge, Colorado. I have many memories of grabbing large icicles off of the roofs as I walked to school. The ice was so clear and clean. I have always thought about how I can use nature in my cooking. I have made pine needle caramel and buried potatoes in the earth to cook them. What about a flavored icicle. My kids eat flavor pops, a kind of man made icicle. How could I make one in nature. My own Cloudy with a Chance of Meat Balls?
An icicle forms when snow or ice melts and continuously drips off something sloped, such as a roof or a bridge. The thin layer of water draws heat away from the ice inside, through diffusion, and transfers it to the air next to the icicle. This thin blanket of slightly warmer air, called the boundary layer, rises and is replaced with colder air. The cold air further cools the icicle and turns some of the liquid water into a layer of ice, and the icicle becomes thicker and longer.
If I take a flavored liquid and put in a large 20 gallon bucket with a small hole in the bottom, I can mimic a natural thaw. I will have to make a heat source towards where the liquid comes out so the hole does not freeze shut. What if you could walk out of the Inventing Room and pick your favorite flavor off our candy roof for the ride home.
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A log cabin is a house built from logs. It is a fairly simple type of log house. A distinction should be drawn between the traditional meanings of "log cabin" and "log house." Historically most "Log cabins" were a simple one- or 1½-story structures, somewhat impermanent, and less finished or less architecturally sophisticated. A "log cabin" was usually constructed with round rather than hewn, or hand-worked, logs, and often it was the first generation home building erected quickly for frontier shelter.
European history of log cabins
Construction with logs was described by Roman architect Vitruvius Pollio in his architectural treatise De Architectura. He noted that in Pontus (modern-day Romania, former Roman Empire province Dacia) dwellings were constructed by laying logs horizontally overtop of each other and filling in the gaps with "chips and mud".
Historically log cabin construction has its roots in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. Although their origin is uncertain, the first log structures were probably built in Northern Europe in the Bronze Age (about 3500 BC). By the time Europeans began to settle in North America, they had a long tradition of using logs for houses, barns, and other outbuildings in the Scandinavian countries, Germany, Northern Russia and Ukraine.
According to C. A. Weslager, whose book on log cabins is considered a classic, the Finns had a "close attunement" with the forests, and both groups had well-developed forest industries. Weslager goes on to say:
The Finns were accomplished in building several forms of log housing, having different methods of corner timbering, and they utilized both round and hewn logs. Their log building had undergone an evolutionary process from the crude "pirtti"...a small gabled-roof cabin of round logs with an opening in the roof to vent smoke, to more sophisticated squared logs with interlocking double-notch joints, the timber extending beyond the corners. Log saunas or bathhouses of this type are still found in rural Finland.By stacking tree trunks one on top of another and overlapping the logs at the corners, people made the "log cabin". They developed interlocking corners by notching the logs at the ends, resulting in strong structures that were easier to make weather-tight by inserting moss or other soft material into the joints. As the original coniferous forest extended over the coldest parts of the world, there was a prime need to keep these houses warm. The insulating properties of the solid wood were a great advantage over a timber frame construction covered with animal skins, felt, boards or shingles. Over the decades, increasingly complex joints were developed to ensure more weather tight joints between the logs, but the profiles were still largely based on the round log.—C. A. Weslager,
The Wood Museum in Trondheim, Norway, displays fourteen different traditional profiles, but a basic form of log construction was used all over North Europe and Asia. Early settlers used such methods of log building in North America. It became a popular form of construction for pioneers' settling in the far north and the more mountainous parts of United States and Canada, where winter conditions were often extreme.
Log construction has been especially popular in Scandinavia, where straight tall tree trunks (pine and spruce) are readily available. With suitable tools, a log cabin can be erected from scratch in days by a family. As no chemical reaction is involved, such as hardening of mortar, a log cabin can be erected in any weather or season. Many older towns in Northern Scandinavia have been built exclusively out of log houses, which have been decorated by board paneling and wood cuttings. Today construction of modern log cabins as leisure homes is a fully developed industry in Finland and Sweden.
European settlers in the United States
In the present-day United States, settlers may have first constructed log cabins in 1638. Historians believe that the first log cabins built in North America were in the Swedish colony of Nya Sverige (New Sweden) in the Delaware River and Brandywine River valleys. Many of its colonists were actually Forest Finns, because Finland was controlled by Sweden at that time. The Swedish colony only lasted a couple of decades before it was absorbed by the Dutch colony of New Netherland, which was soon absorbed by the English. Most of the descendants of the Swedish-Finnish colony are believed to have stayed in North America.
Later German and Ukrainian immigrants also used this technique. The Scots and Scots-Irish had no tradition of building with logs, but they quickly adopted the method. The first English settlers did not widely use log cabins, building in forms more traditional to them. Few log cabins dating from the 18th century still stand, but they were not intended as permanent dwellings. Possibly the oldest surviving log house in the United States is the C. A. Nothnagle Log House (ca. 1640) in New Jersey. When settlers built their larger, more formal houses, they often converted the first log cabins to outbuildings, such as chicken coops, animal shelters, or other utilitarian purposes.
When cabins were built with the intention of applying siding, the logs were usually hewed on the outside to facilitate the application of the siding. When logs were hewed on the inside as well, they were often covered with a variety of materials, ranging from plaster over lath to wallpaper.
Traditional log buildings in North America
Log cabins were built from logs laid horizontally and interlocked on the ends with notches (British English cog joints). Some log cabins were built without notches and simply nailed together, but this was not as structurally sound. Modern building methods allow this shortcut.
The most important aspect of cabin building is the site upon which the cabin was built. Site selection was aimed at providing the cabin inhabitants with both sunlight and drainage to make them better able to cope with the rigors of frontier life. Proper site selection placed the home in a location best suited to manage the farm or ranch. When the first pioneers built cabins, they were able to "cherry pick" the best logs for cabins. These were old-growth trees with few limbs (knots) and straight with little taper. Such logs did not need to be hewn to fit well together. Careful notching minimized the size of the gap between the logs and reduced the amount of chinking (sticks or rocks) or daubing (mud) needed to fill the gap. The length of one log was generally the length of one wall, although this was not a limitation for most good cabin builders.
Decisions had to be made about the type of cabin. Styles varied greatly from one part of the US to another: the size of the cabin, the number of stories, type of roof, the orientation of doors and windows all needed to be taken into account when the cabin was designed. In addition, the source of the logs, the source of stone and available labor, either human or animal, had to be considered. If timber sources were further away from the site, the cabin size might be limited.
Cabin corners were often set on large stones; if the cabin was large, other stones were used at other points along the sill (bottom log). Since they were usually cut into the sill, thresholds were supported with rock as well. These stones are found below the corners of many 18th-century cabins as they are restored. Cabins were set on foundations to keep them out of damp soil but also to allow for storage or basements to be constructed below the cabin. Cabins with earth floors had no need for foundations.
Cabins were constructed using a variety of notches. Notches can vary within ethnic groups as well as between them. Notches often varied on a single building, so their styles were not conclusive. One method common in the Ohio River Valley in southwestern Ohio and southeastern Indiana is the Block House End Method an example of this is found in the David Brown House.
Some older buildings in the United States Midwest and the Canadian Prairies are log structures covered with clapboards or other materials. Nineteenth-century cabins used as dwellings were occasionally plastered on the interior. The O'Farrell Cabin (ca. 1865) in Boise, Idaho had backed wallpaper used over newspaper. The C.C.A. Christenson Cabin in Ephraim, Utah (ca. 1880) was plastered over willow lath.
Log cabins reached their peak of complexity and elaboration with the Adirondack-style cabins of the mid-19th century. This style was the inspiration for many United States Park Service lodges built at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Log cabin building never died out or fell out of favor. It was surpassed by the needs of a growing urban United States. During the 1930s and the Great Depression, the Roosevelt Administration directed the Civilian Conservation Corps to build log lodges throughout the west for use by the Forest Service and the National Park Service. Timberline Lodge on Mount Hood in Oregon was such a log structure, and it was dedicated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
The modern version of a log cabin is the log home, which is a house built usually from milled logs. The logs are visible on the exterior and sometimes interior of the house. These cabins are mass manufactured, traditionally in Scandinavian countries and increasingly in eastern Europe. Squared milled logs are precut for easy assembly. Log homes are popular in rural areas, and even in some suburban locations. In many resort communities in the United States West, homes of log and stone measuring over 3,000 sq ft (280 m2) are not uncommon. These "kit" log homes are one of the largest consumers of logs in the Western United States.
Crib barns were a popular type of barn found throughout the U.S. south and southeast regions. Crib barns were especially ubiquitous in the Appalachian and Ozark Mountain states of North Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and Arkansas.
In Europe, modern log cabins are often built in gardens and used as summerhouses, home offices or as an additional room in the garden. Summer houses and cottages are often built from logs in northern Europe.
Chinking refers to the mortar/infill material between the logs in the construction of log cabins and other log-walled structures. Traditionally, dried mosses, such as Pleurozium schreberi or Hylocomium splendens, were used in the Nordic countries as an insulator between logs.
The Patsy Cline House in Winchester, Virginia is an example of a log cabin with the logs covered by siding.
Log cabins were constructed with either a purlin roof structure or a rafter roof structure. A purlin roof consists of horizontal logs that are notched into the gable-wall logs. The latter are progressively shortened to form the characteristic triangular gable end. The steepness of the roof was determined by the reduction in size of each gable-wall log as well as the total number of gable-wall logs. Flatter roofed cabins might have had only 2 or 3 gable-wall logs while steeply pitched roofs might have had as many gable-wall logs as a full story. Issues related to eave overhang and a porch also influenced the layout of the cabin.
The decision about roof type often was based on the material for roofing like bark. Milled lumber was usually the most popular choice for rafter roofs in areas where it was available. These roofs typify many log cabins built in the 20th century, having full-cut 2×4 rafters covered with pine and cedar shingles. The purlin roofs found in rural settings and locations, where milled lumber was not available, often were covered with long hand-split shingles.
The log cabin has been a symbol of humble origins in US politics since the early 19th century. Seven United States Presidents were born in log cabins, including Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Jackson, and James Buchanan. Although William Henry Harrison was not one of them, he and the Whigs during the 1840 presidential election were the first to use a log cabin as a symbol to show North Americans that he was a man of the people. Other candidates followed Harrison's example, making the idea of a log cabin—and, more generally, a non-wealthy background—a recurring theme in campaign biographies.
More than a century after Harrison, Adlai Stevenson acknowledged: "I wasn’t born in a log cabin. I didn’t work my way through school nor did I rise from rags to riches, and there’s no use trying to pretend I did." Stevenson lost the 1952 presidential election in a landslide to Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Medford Lakes, New Jersey, a former resort town founded in 1929, claims to have the highest concentration of log cabins in the world[dubious ]. 150 out of 1500 homes are considered to be log cabins.
A popular children's toy in the US is Lincoln Logs, consisting of various notched dowel rods that can be fitted together to build scale miniature-sized structures. Lincoln Logs are said to have been named after Abraham Lincoln, who was born in a log cabin in rural Kentucky. He grew up in another log cabin in Indiana.
See also
- Cabin (disambiguation)
- Log house
- Magoffin County Pioneer Village and Museum, Kentucky
- German Wikipedia has two articles on log cabins, one links from the sidebar and this one to blockbau
- Bomberger D., "The Preservation and Repair of Historic Log Buildings", National Park Service, 1991, accessed 6 Dec 2008
- Pollio, Vitruvius (1914). Ten Books on Architecture. Harvard University Press. p. 39.
- Log Cabins in America:The Finnish Experience, National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places Lesson Plan, accessed 2 Jul 2008
- David J. Wishart (2004). Encyclopedia of the Great Plains. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-4787-1.
- Weslager, C. A. (1969), The Log Cabin in America, New Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers University Press,
- Thépaut R. Round timber in construction: An introduction Report prepared for the UK Forestry Commission, TRADA Technology Ltd 2003
- "President's Park (White House)", National Park Service, accessed 2 July 2008
- Lepore, Jill. "BOUND FOR GLORY: Writing campaign lives", The New Yorker, 20 October 2008.
- The Cabins of Medford Lakes - SouthJersey.com
- O'Neill, Brian (May 15, 2011). "Passions stirred anew for an old log house". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
Further reading
- Weslager, C. A. (1969), The Log Cabin in America, New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
- McRaven, Charles (1994), Building and Restoring the Hewn Log House, Cincinnati: Betterway Books, ISBN 978-1-55870-325-4.
- Gudmundson, Wayne (1991), Testaments in Wood, St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, ISBN 978-0-87351-268-8.
- Fickes, Clyde P. & Groben, W. Ellis (2005), Building with Logs & Log Cabin Construction, Almonte, Ontario: Algrove Publishing, ISBN 978-1-897030-22-6.
- Phleps, Hermann (1982), The Craft of Log Building, Roger Macgregor, translator, Ottawa, Ontario: Lee Valley Tools, ISBN 978-0-9691019-2-5.
- Aldrich, Chilson D. (1946), The Real Log Cabin, MacMillan.
- Holan, Jerri (1990), Norwegian Wood (First American ed.), New York: Rizzoli, ISBN 978-0-8478-0954-7.
- Bealer, Alex (1978), The Log Cabin, Crown Publishers, ISBN 0-517-53379-0
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Log cabins|
- Log Cabins in America:The Finnish Experience, National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places Lesson Plan
- Log Cabins of Missouri, from the Missouri Folklore Society
- Log Cabin Guide, A complete guide to all aspects of log cabins.
- Short radio episode "Our Redwood Cabin," poem (modeled on "The Old Oaken Bucket") by W.S. Walker from Glimpses of Hungryland, or California Sketches, 1880, from California Legacy Project.
- Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions Digital Image Collection at Marquette University; keyword: log cabin.
- Old Appalachian Log Cabin - Franklin County Virginia Restored Appalachian Log Cabin - video
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Join our mailing list to receive the latest announcements,
schedule changes and programs sponsored by other vegetarian groups.
To add your name to the list you have to join our group,
"Vegetarian-Society-of-South-Jersey" hosted by Yahoo.com.
As a Yahoo! Group member you will also have access to our Calendar
listing upcoming events.
I'm a Vegetarian Because...
There are many good reasons to be a vegetarian and
we'll discuss some of them here. We'll begin with what 99%
of the 1996 survey respondents list as the major reason for their
being vegetarian - health.
Americans cannot escape the information coming from
research regarding diet and health. The media, medical professionals,
and experiences relayed by friends and associates tell us that
diet is a factor in heart disease, osteoporosis, stroke, obesity,
diabetes, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, dental disease,
cancer, and gastrointestinal diseases.
Saturated fats and cholesterol originating from animal
products promote the development of diseases because the body
has a difficult time moving fat and cholesterol through the bloodstream.
The bloodstream is the avenue for getting nutrients throughout
the body. Some imagery may help to understand how this works.
Think of your veins and arteries as roads by which
nutrients enter and wastes exit the body. Think of meat as a slow
moving vehicle within your system. It runs hot and slow, spewing
black smoke from the muffler. Faster, sleeker vehicles (nutrients
without fat and cholesterol) have to pass it to get where they
have to go. Each time you eat, you contribute to the traffic on
your body's roadways. When you ingest meat, you not only put a
"lemon" on the road, slowing up the traffic, but the
"lemon" takes its toll on the road itself. The body
works harder to digest meat. It takes what nutrients can be
used and pushes the remains on. These remains leave debris
(plaque) on the road (arterial walls).
Some people put so many lemons on their internal
road systems, they have major traffic jams - disease. Sometimes
roads have to close and alternate routes bear increased nutrient
traffic. So, why are you a vegetarian? Maybe to prevent so
much stress on the body's roadways. Health experts recommend
you increase your intake of vegetables, fruit, and whole grains
for optimum health. Plant-based diets are lower in total fat than
animal-based diets. The bodies of vegetarians who adhere to a
balanced diet seem to absorb vital nutrients better than others.
They generally have lower rates of the above-mentioned diseases
and higher energy levels. The body doesn't send out flares when
its roads begin to deteriorate. It sends in repair cell crews.
It rides around the lemons and deposits of fat sludge on the side
of the road stoically and successfully for years. But as the traffic
becomes dense, and the roads continue to deteriorate, good cell
crews cannot reach areas in need and a major illness develops.
Disease doesn't have to be the great awakener to a healthy diet.
Learning to nourish your body without meat is a great start.
Being a member of VSSJ puts you in the company of
others who care about their health. If you need information,
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Please roll over a state to learn more about the most recent outbreaks.
In January 2011, President Obama signed the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) into law, signaling the first major update to our nation’s food safety framework since the Great Depression. Despite bipartisan support, and a coalition of food safety advocates and industry representatives working for its enactment, the administration still has not issued the proposed rules needed to begin implementing this law. This interactive graphic represents the ten most widespread multistate foodborne illness outbreaks linked to FDA-regulated products since FSMA was enacted, which constitute a small fraction of total foodborne illnesses reported during that period. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that one in six Americans (48 million people) suffer from a foodborne illness each year, resulting in more than 120,000 hospitalizations and 3,000 deaths.
What defines an outbreak?
- An outbreak is defined as an incident in which two or more persons experience a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a common food.
- Sporadic cases, illnesses that are not part of an outbreak, make up the overwhelming majority of foodborne illnesses reported annually.
- A number of events must occur for an illness to be appropriately diagnosed and reported: a sample must be submitted for testing, the test must identify the pathogen, and the illness must be reported to state public health authorities. In order to accurately estimate the number of illnesses caused by pathogens, CDC determines the number of confirmed illnesses and adjusted for underdiagnosis and, if necessary, for underreporting by using a series of component multipliers.
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|the distance traversed by light in one mean solar year, about 5.88 trillion mi. (9.46 trillion km)|
|the partial or imperfect shadow outside the complete shadow of an opaque body, such as a planet, where the light from the source of illumination is only partly cut off|
|1.||an object in space so dense that its escape velocity exceeds the speed of light|
|2.||any place regarded as resembling a black hole in that items or information entering it cannot be retrieved|
(click for larger image in new window)
An extremely dense celestial object whose gravitational field is so strong that not even light can escape from its vicinity. Black holes are believed to form in the aftermath of a supernova with the collapse of the star's core. See also event horizon, See more at star.
Our Living Language : When a very massive star ends its life in a supernova explosion, the remaining matter collapses in upon itself. If there is enough mass in this collapsed star, it becomes a black hole. A black hole is so dense that its gravitational forces are strong enough to prevent anything that comes close enough to the region known as the event horizon from escaping. Even light cannot escape, since the escape velocity (the velocity needed for an object to escape some larger object's gravitational field) necessary to escape a black hole is greater than the speed of light. Black holes are extremely dense: for the Sun, which has a diameter of about 1,390,000 kilometers (862,000 miles), to be as dense as a black hole, its entire mass would have to be squeezed down to a ball fewer than 3 kilometers (5 miles) across. Some theorists postulate that the material in a black hole may be compressed to a single point of infinite density called a singularity. Because astronomers cannot directly observe a black hole, they infer its existence from the effects of its gravitational pull. For example, when a black hole results from the collapse of one star in a binary star system, it attracts material from the remaining star. This material forms an accretion disk, which compresses and heats up until it emits detectable x-rays. Black holes are thought to reside in the centers of many galaxies, including our own Milky Way.
In astronomy, an object so massive that nothing, not even light, can escape its gravitation. Black holes were given their name because they absorb all the light that falls on them. The existence of black holes was first predicted by the general theory of relativity. Supermassive black holes have been found in the centers of many galaxies. Stellar black holes are thought to arise from the death of very massive stars. Astronomers expect to find many stellar black holes in the Milky Way.
Note: Figuratively, the term black hole is used to refer to a total disappearance: “They never saw the man again — he might as well have fallen into a black hole.”
black holen.,vt. [common] What data (a piece of email or netnews, or a stream of TCP/IP packets) has fallen into if it disappears mysteriously between its origin and destination sites (that is, without returning a bounce message). "I think there's a black hole at foovax!" conveys suspicion that site foovax has been dropping a lot of stuff on the floor lately (see drop on the floor). The implied metaphor of email as interstellar travel is interesting in itself. Readily verbed as `blackhole': "That router is blackholing IDP packets." Compare bit bucket aand see RBL.
A wretched prison cell or other place of confinement. For example, The punishment is solitary confinement, known as the black hole. This term acquired its meaning in 1756 with the event known as the Black Hole of Calcutta. On the night of June 20, the ruler of Bengal confined 146 Europeans in a prison space of only 14 by 18 feet. By morning all but 23 of them had suffocated to death. Although historians since have questioned the truth of the story, it survives in this usage.
A great void or abyss. For example, Running a single small newspaper ad to launch a major campaign is useless; it amounts to throwing our money into a black hole. This usage alludes to a region, so named by astronomers, whose gravitational field is so intense that no electromagnetic radiation can escape from it. [Late 1970s]
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Kampala — PROSSY Nalubwama was under siege. Her belongings were in ruins after the floods poured into the house as she slept. She held on to a floating empty jerrycan until she was rescued.
Her ordeal is not strange to the neighbours. They know that her house is one of those that are worst hit by floods.
This scene in Kalerwe is common in Kampala's suburbs, which are prone to floods. As the rainy season approaches, the tenants shift to escape the menacing floods. New unsuspecting tenants usually replace them in the dry season.
More than half a million people in Kampala, especially the low-income earners, have been suffering quietly as a result of floods.
"We know about the plight of the people, but it is their fault," says Robert Wabunoha, a senior environmental lawyer of the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA).
Wabunoha says many people in Kampala have over the years built houses in the valleys where water naturally flows. Because the water has nowhere else to go, it floods people's homes.
Wabunoha says government has come up with new environmental laws to protect the ecologically sensitive areas such as wetlands.
As the wetlands, which used to hold enormous quantities of water become no more, the city has begun witnessing a catastrophe.
"It is becoming a routine to lose lives when floods hit the city," says Paul Mafabi, the assistant commissioner in charge of wetlands in the Ministry of Water, Lands and Environment.
Mafabi says most wetlands in Kampala have been cleared for human settlement and industries.
In a recent tour organised by Shelter and Settlements, an NGO, the low-lying Kifumbira slum that separates Mulago hill from Bukoto was found to have countless pools of water. The pools provide a breeding ground for mosquitoes and create a dirty environment that favours cholera. The area suffered most from past cholera outbreaks.
This is because the latrines are built above water streams. During rains the area residents usually open a hole to release faeces from the latrines. The rain then washes away the faeces to streams, from where they fetch water.
However, not many people have access to toilet facilities. Some defecate in polythene bags, which they throw into the stream. This has earned buveera the name: "flying toilet."
There are also heaps of unclaimed garbage because the crowded houses leave only tiny passages, which can not be accessed by garbage collectors.
Rwandume Mugizi, the KCC environment inspector, says Kampala has swallowed up the greenery that once covered the empty hills and valleys.
"We have a concrete jungle, which does not allow water filtration in the soil and most of the water runs above the ground," he says.
Mugizi points out that most of the land in Kampala belongs to individuals. This makes it difficult for the city council to plan and ensure that houses are built to the required standards.
"The authorities plan for land that is not in their hands."
He says the lack of policies on housing has led to haphazard development in Kampala and its suburbs. Mugizi also blames old laws that did not recognise wetlands as important ecological areas. It is only in 1995 that a law was put in place to protect wetlands. Henceforth it became illegal to encroach on a wetland.
When the floods hit Kampala early this year, the former minister of environment, Dr. Kezimbira Miyingo, issued a directive that all houses in wetlands should be demolished.
But Phoebe Gubya, the KCC environment officer, complains about the directive saying there is need for compensation. He says landowners claim that they did not know they were building on wetlands.
However, Mafabi says there is no need for compensation for the houses built after 1995 when a law was put in place to protect wetlands.
Mafabi says some of the wetlands such as the Nakivubo swamp, purify waste water before it enters Lake Victoria. In so doing they protect the lake from pollution.
"Soon the authorities will be mining water from filth as the mouth of the lake is located a stone's throw away from Ggaba Water Works," he says.
He says efforts are in advanced stages to gazette the Nakivubo wetland as a protected area, and to stop fresh encroachment on it.
He says that after gazetting the Nakivubo swamp, the team will move in to save Kinawataka wetland.
The war to protect wetlands has seen government taking contradictory positions. As the government prepares to evict over 10,000 yam growers from the Nakivubo wetland, a few rich owners of houses in Bugolobi who should be evicted, have been left intact.
In a special report in The New Vision of April 25, it was reported that the new proposed boundaries were being changed to favour the rich owners of the houses.
Even the recent directive by Kezimbira came at a time when a controversial shopping mall, Shoprite, was being put up at Lugogo play grounds, which is a water way.
Mafabi says some politicians have abdicated from the noble cause of protecting wetlands because they fear to make unpopular decisions.
"We are making a new law on wetlands to close the pitfalls," says a source in the ministry of environment.
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It was a fine moment for museums and for the arts in San Diego: In May 2008, the New Children’s Museum opened in its impressive new quarters downtown.
But only months later, the worst economic crisis since the 1930s hit all museums hard.
“It’s absolutely a fact,” says director Rachel Teagle, “that the Children’s Museum has been affected, like every other cultural institution.”
The museum has been unable to raise money for an endowment, and it had to cut its budget by about 25 percent. It stands at approximately $3 million.
But Teagle, formerly of the Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego, is still happy she made the transition in 2007 from a well-established curator to first-time museum director.
“I always say that on good days, this is great. Kids will always tell you what they think, which is wonderful. And on difficult days, when we’re dealing with thorny budget issues, I am still learning a lot.”
She brought to the museum a view that an arts-based children’s museum would be a highly appealing place for children and adults alike — a conviction that Teagle shares with the board. And she believes that attendance and membership numbers support that premise.
The New Children’s Museum, named as such because the institution had been dormant since 2002, has gone from zero to 4,000 members. And in its first 16 months, through September, the museum has attracted 247,000 viewers.
Some of those visitors have been children on school field trips. To date, the museum has served 553 schools, Teagle says.
She is troubled that school trips are way down this year, a sign of reduced budgets for cultural events and arts education. Teagle points out that only Title 1 schools can visit free of cost, so she is working on raising funds to make all school field trips free.
Despite the poor economy, the museum has managed to improve its financial state as a whole, she says.
An anonymous matching challenge of $5 million, from a group of donors, was announced when the museum opened, and the museum has generated $3 million, mostly from small gifts. It has until next year to raise the additional $2 million.
The museum has also managed to reduce its construction loan from $10 million to $4 million.
With the current show, “Animal Art,” and the inaugural one, Teagle says artists have consistently risen to the challenge of making work that is approachable and meaningful to children. She is also quick to praise the San Diego Zoo’s education department for collaborating on the wall texts in the new show.
More than anything else, it is watching what children do in the museum that inspires Teagle. She recalls a moment from the first exhibition, “childsplay,” when children took the shadow puppets they made, in conjunction with a puppet theater by artist Mark Mulroney, into the video space for Diana Thater’s work.
“They did something the artists never expected or anticipated. They were projecting mermaids 8 feet tall and giant sea monsters. It took the works by both artists to a whole new level.”
— ROBERT L. PINCUS
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When we talk about "whole child learning" we are talking about more than sitting still & listening while learning math, reading, social studies and other subjects. These skills while important, are not enough to prepare a child for long term success.
Whole child learning does not just engage a students' ears. It engages all of the senses, the body & brain, the attention as well as the imagination. By actively engaging and supporting the whole child in their own learning process, they learn to communicate more clearly, form mutually supportive friendships, retain information longer & are better prepared to think critically as they evaluate & creatively solve problems. From a biological position, the brain forms more connections and branches, which increases its capacity to learn and understand more.
"Whole child" means we put students first, and adapt to a student's unique needs. We engage in a more natural approach to learning. When subjects and lessons are presented in a compartmentalized manner, the student feels the disconnect and disengages because the lessons simply do not hold any real meaning for him. In a whole child approach, all the different elements of education work together. Keep children engaged & challenged will better prepare them for building on their education, work, social and civic life.
So, how can we easily adapt lessons & curriculum's to be engaging & challenging, allowing the whole student the opportunity to move, communicate, be creative & develop positive character? How can we incorporate visual, auditory, olfactory, proprioceptive and tactile stimulation to improve the way our students take in and process, understand and utilize information?
This is a question I am asked often by parents, educators and therapists. There are a variety of ways to do this that will not interrupt your schedule or be costly. Here are afew ideas:
1. Make learning more hands-on by having your students dream up, name & create their own dinosaur, planet or constellation.
2. Let your students make their own tactile sensory boxes using shoe box lids and rice, sand, beans or other material. Have them "write" the alphabet, their names, numbers or play tic-tac-toe as a transition to the next class or activity.
3. Adapt the sensory box activity from #2 to be a relaxation activity to make a table top sand garden. Play some soft, instrumental, harp or Native American flute music, and have the students draw circles or shapes to the music. To deepen the self-calming effect, have them do this with their eyes closed. Great for test-taking and other stressful days.
4. Create a "Vanishing Slate" using individual slates and water. Use paint brushes to "paint" a positive word, their name or a design on the slate with the water and watch it slowly disappear. Can be done to low frequency, slow tempo music, when other work is complete.
5. Create a labyrinth (a maze) in the classroom with masking tape or rope, or with sidewalk chalk outdoors. Have the children slowly walk the path, and walk back out. (A labyrinth differs from a maze in that there is only one way in and one way out.) This brings concentration and calm to the brain and body.
6. If you don't have room to make a large labyrinth, here are 4 different labyrinth designs students can print out & use while sitting at a desk or lying on the belly on the floor. Use index finger to slowly trace the path inward and outward. Use non-dominant finger as well.
7. Play relevant interactive & technology games between lessons and during transitions between classes. Encourage the students to solve puzzles and meet challenges as if they were their favorite video game character: ( Dora, Mario, Zelda, Angry Birds, Etc.)
8. Use photos, art, journals and literature to help your students create a timeline that highlights people's lives during significant historical or personal events: ( The Crusades, Christopher Columbus sailing to America, The first Thanksgiving, The Civil War or the day they were born, made the basketball team, etc.)
9. Guess what substances are in boxes or jars by smelling only. You can use a blindfold and do one or two "Mystery Smells" a day. (Use ONLY natural substances such as coffee, vanilla bean, cloves, sage leaves, lemon tea bags, peppermints, etc.)*(Do not use fragrance oil or perfume as it can have a toxic or allergic effect on the nervous system of some children. Be sure to ask parents about allergies before you do this activity! )
10. Have children each bring in a fruit or vegetable and take them through the steps to make a salad together for the class to share. (Please check with parents for food allergies and special diets.)
11. Play the 'Pizza Game'. Improve body awareness and deep muscle input by using pool noodles as "rolling pins" and the students as "dough" (Directions at this link.) To make this an activity that children can do for themselves, see this link here on how to stimulate pressure points for self-calming.
12. Adaptive Yoga is being used successfully in classrooms all over the world. Take a few minutes to put on some music and stretch, move and breathe! You don't have to know the 'poses' or the Sanskrit names. Just ask the students: "What would my body look like if it were a [fill in the animal, natural or transportation object]"
Younger children will have fun taking turns moving and imitating and older kids will enjoy the creative movement.
What are some of the creative ways that you incorporate sensory, social & self-care lessons into your daily classroom work? We would love to hear your ideas! Please leave a comment below.
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- Campus Life
- Cost & Aid
- News & Events
- About Plattsburgh
Having trouble figuring out where to start? Unsure of what is expected of you in a course? Or worse, what you should realistically expect of yourself? Wonder how to better manage your time, set academic goals, learn new strategies for taking notes or study better for exams?
If you answered yes to any of the above questions - or would simply like to learn new strategies for academic success - then meeting with an Academic Personal Trainer is a step in the right direction. Academic Personal Trainers work with you on an individual basis to help you gain your own toolbox of academic skills.
An Academic Personal Trainer is a specially trained peer tutor who can help you address general concerns about your academic success.
In order to become an Academic Personal Trainer (APT), a peer tutor must have completed at least one semester as a content tutor, maintain a required 3.0 or higher GPA and have completed TTR 101 and/or ENG 390 as well as additional training with the Learning Center professional staff.
Working as a peer tutor helps the APT understand the Learning Center's services and operation so he/she can guide you in your quest for academic support. Working closely with the professional staff of the Learning Center insures that the APT acquires the skills necessary to be an effective academic coach.
And that's an important distinction. Although APTs are trained first as tutors, they are peer coaches. Your APT's role in your meeting is to provide a solid foundation for your academic success through conversations on creating study schedules, setting academic goals, balancing your academic and social life, referring you to other services on campus when necessary, etc. Your APT will provide helpful hints for taking notes or studying for a class, but a session with an APT does not cover course content. Instead, APTs are trained in how to coach you in the necessary tools for your academic success. If you do require assistance with specific course material, your APT will help you connect with a Learning Center content or writing tutor.
First, all meetings with Academic Personal Trainers are individual. An APT may come to your dorm or class to present information on the Learning Center or lead a workshop. But if you would like to work with an APT, you must make an individual appointment. Please stop by the LC Frontdesk to schedule an individual appointment with an APT.
Second, meeting with an APT is not a one-shot deal. You should plan on meeting with your APT several times throughout the semester. Both you and your APT make a commitment to work with each other at your first meeting.
During the first meeting, you and your APT will spend some time getting to know each other. We have a detailed first session questionnaire that you and your APT will complete together. While we do not require you to answer all of the questions, we do ask that the questions you do answer are answered honestly. And remember, this is a conversation. Feel free to discuss your answers with your APT and ask him or her questions as well.
At your next meeting, you and your APT will discuss the obstacles to your academic success. You will most likely start with goal setting and time management, but remember that your concerns drive the session. The APT is here to guide you in acquiring the skills necessary for your academic success. Please be prepared to bring your syllabi and a planner, if available, to your APT session. The first step to academic success is getting organized.
You should also meet with your APT throughout the semester. By the end of the first or second meeting, the two of you should come up with a schedule that meets your needs. Again by honestly and openly discussing your concerns with your APT, the two of you can come up with a realistic idea of your strengths as well as your obstacles to success.
Essentially, your relationship with your APT is built on respect and trust. The APT will treat you with respect and expects the same. The APT trusts that you will be honest with him or her and you can expect the APT to be honest with you.
In order for your first few meetings with your APT to be effective, you should bring all of your course syllabi to the first and second meeting. At later meetings, the APT may ask you to bring specific course work, like a textbook or course notes, so the two of you can reinforce the skills that you are using and share new ideas for studying with you.
Since you make an appointment with an APT, it is important to remember to be on time for your meeting and understand that the APT can only meet with you for one hour once a week. The Learning Center Cancellation and No Show policy applies to appointments with APTs as well. So remember three cancellations or two no-shows will mean dismissal from the program for the remainder of the semester.
Since you must complete the "Contract for Tutorial Services" all appointments must be made in person at our Learning Center Front Desk. Our schedule changes with each semester so please see this semester's times under Hours .
If you would like to make an appointment but are unable to stop by the Learning Center during our normal hours of operation, please contact the Learning Center at firstname.lastname@example.org .
At the end of your first appointment with your APT, you should make your next appointment by stopping by the Learning Center Front Desk as you leave.
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Serving all who love Hawai`i
Crosses line the row of monkey pod trees scheduled to be destroyed to make way for a shopping center in Kōloa, Kaua`i.
Photo by Mizu Sugimura
I moved to Seattle from Hawaii in September of 1985, back when Woodinville was wooded, Kent was more warehouse than strip mall, and a guy could get into the UW with a 2.7 grade point average and light brown skin.
It’s that time of year again, where everyone with any interest in Hawaiian music gathers to either (a) celebrate that the recording industry recognizes the distinct, unique and valuable genre of Hawaiian music enough to award it a prestigious trophy, or (b) complain how the Mainland folks just don’t “get it,” and keep selecting winners (or even nominees) who don’t deserve to represent the Hawaiian music scene.
The mo‘olelo tells of the loyal support among the Ali‘i for Kīwala‘ō. But there was also support for his cousin Kamehameha whose core supporters were initially his uncle Kaha‘i (half-brother of Keōuakupuapaikalaninui, Kamehameha’s father) and Kānekoa, a well-known Ali‘i of Waimea.
Wars are Hell........there is no simpler way to say it! And all of us who have been or are still involved, whether as the military serviceman or woman going off to fight the battles or as the family left behind, are impacted in various ways by Wars!
Kent Bowman was best known in the Islands as pidgin storyteller K.K. Ka`umanua who re-told popular fairy tales Hawaiian style: “Goldie the Blonde Malihini and the Three Wild Pua`a,” “Rumple Dakineskin,” “Little Lei Puahi,” among others. He also poked fun at local politics which inspired his stage name. (Say “Ka`umanua” but think in English.)
Aloha Pepeluali which I’m sure you’ve guessed means February. It’s the birth month of Kamehameha IV, whose short life is recounted by Roy Alameida. It’s also the death month of Captain James Cook, first Westerner to document contact with the Hawaiians in 1778 and subsequently killed at Ka`awaloa, on Kealakekua Bay on February 14th.
Vernie Watson was born and raised in Honolulu but now lives in Port Orchard, Washington. She comes from a family who she says, “lives to eat!” Vernie honors the cold Pacific Northwest with some recipes for salmon and cod, fish not found in warm, Hawaiian waters but often appear canned or salted in Island dishes. She also throws in a Korean noodle favorite and true to island form, ends with a spectacular dessert.
Au-we! The University of Hawai`i football program sure went through some warp-speed changes during the first fifteen days of January. There is an island/Pacific Northwest connection with new Warrior head coach Greg McMackin.
Barack Obama, born in Honolulu and a graduate of Punahou, is in a hotly contested race with Hillary Clinton for the Democratic Party’s nomination for President of the United States. He also supports the Akaka Bill, also known as the Native Hawaiian Government Reorganization Act.
This photo of Old Hawai`i is not so old, but definitely from the past. Kaimū, the famous black sand beach rimmed with coconut trees, was at Kalapana on the island of Hawai`i. The much-photographed landmark is now completely gone, covered with lava from Pu`u O`o in 1990. Mahalo to Lisa Perin who sent in this picture and wrote, "It was taken at the Black Sand Beach, one of our favorite places to go." Lisa lived in Hawai`i from 1970-1979 and now resides in Bothell, Washington.
Photo Courtesty Lisa Perin
Northwest Hawai`i Times is a free, monthly newpaper published at the beginning of every month. If you have any leads for stories, call (206) 599-6326, mail to NWHIT, P.O. Box 14376, Seattle, WA 98114 or send an email to firstname.lastname@example.org.
For comments or questions about the website, email email@example.com.
For advertising in the paper, click here.
Copies are available at many locations around Puget Sound. To find a copy near you, call (206) 599-6326 or email firstname.lastname@example.org.
Copyright © 2004-2009 by Northwest Hawai`i Times
All Rights Reserved
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According to a survey by market researcher Forrester
, online music sales are set to grow rapidly
over the next five years. Traditional music sales are expected to make up almost two thirds of revenues in 2011, though; the old means of buying music are not going to die out any time soon. There will, however, be a 30 percent decline in European sales of traditional music formats like CDs and DVDs, with the gap being filled by services like iTunes
Online sales are seen growing more than tenfold to 3.9 billion euros ($4.70 billion) in 2011 from 279 million euros ($335.17 million) in 2006.
The total music sales market will grow to nearly 11 billion euros ($13.21 billion) by 2011, up from less than 9.5 billion euros ($11.41 billion) now, as the new sales channels will boost demand.
A shift to online music will mean more sales of single tracks, as opposed to whole albums. Mobile technology firms, as well as services companies like mBlox
and NewVisions have recently announced innovations in online music.
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The conversion therapy center being sued by gay men who paid the counselors to make them straight vowed it would continue to "assist those with unwanted same-sex attractions."
"The lawsuit is without merit, and is designed to create a chilling effect upon speech and programs that assist people in overcoming unwanted same-sex attractions," a statement from JONAH -- Jews Offering New Alternatives for Healing -- said Thursday.
Four former JONAH clients, who were teens when they signed up for help, filed a consumer fraud lawsuit against JONAH and two of its counselors Tuesday, saying they were defrauded by JONAH's claim that "being gay is a mental disorder" that could be reversed by conversion therapy -- "a position rejected by the American Psychiatric Association four decades ago," the lawsuit said.
"This is the first time that plaintiffs have sought to hold conversion therapists liable in a court of law," said Samuel Wolfe, a lawyer with the Southern Poverty Law Center. The SPLC, an Alabama-based civil rights group, is providing legal aid to the plaintiffs.
Their lawsuit should put all conversion therapists on notice that they can be held accountable, Wolfe said.
The SPLC has identified 70 conversion therapy providers across the United States. A California law signed by Gov. Jerry Brown last month made it illegal for licensed counselors to use the therapy with clients under 18.
JONAH co-director Arthur Goldberg said the position that people's sexual orientation can be changed by therapy is not contradicted by the latest statements from the American Psychiatric Association, but he did not give any examples.
"We remain steadfast in our commitment to assist those with unwanted same-sex attractions," Goldberg said in a statement to CNN Thursday. "There are thousands of people who have shed their unwanted same-sex attractions, not only through our programs, but also through other similar programs."
In an interview Thursday with the Family Research Council's Washington Watch Radio, Goldberg said he was optimistic that JONAH has "a very strong case and we should be able to emerge victorious."
The lawsuit, filed in Hudson County, New Jersey, Superior Court, said conversion therapy, which can cost up to $10,000 a year, can put patients at risk of "depression, anxiety and self-destructive behavior," while giving them no benefits.
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.- An analysis of Catholic women during the 2012 election season shows significant levels of agreement with Church teaching on contraception, as well as unity with other Americans in being concerned about the economy.
“I think the data here paint an interesting picture of Catholic women, in that Catholic women are more likely to agree with the Catholic Church hierarchy on both the social justice issues and also the social issues such as abortion,” said Melissa Deckman, political science professor at Washington College.
In an Oct. 22 panel discussion at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C., Deckman analyzed how Catholics fit into “the gender gap in American presidential elections.”
The women’s vote is historically important, she said, noting that there are more women registered to vote and likely to vote than men in the U.S.
For decades, women have preferred Democratic candidates, she explained, and this held true in the 2008 election, in which Obama received 56 percent of the women’s vote while only receiving 49 percent of the men’s vote. In contrast, Republican candidate John McCain received only 43 percent of the women’s vote.
“This summer, it looked as though Obama was likely to maintain a double digit advantage among women voters come November, but polls in recent weeks demonstrate that the race for women voters is tightening,” Deckman said.
Despite the recent focus on the “women’s issues” of abortion and free employer-funded contraception, she observed that “women have been more likely to vote Democratic not because of reproductive rights issues, historically, but because of their attitudes about the social safety net.”
Polls indicate that women are more supportive of government providing benefits to those in need than men are, she explained.
Recently released polls by the Public Religion Research Institute show that among all Americans – men and women, Catholics and non-Catholics – the economy is the most important factor in determining one’s choice of presidential candidate, Deckman said.
The second most prominent issue is health care, which American women are more likely than men to pick as their most influencing factor in voting for president.
And while only four percent of Americans list abortion as the most important issue in determining their choice of presidential candidate, Deckman pointed out that Catholic women are more than twice as likely as men to choose it as their primary consideration.
Many of these women are pro-life, she added, as Catholic women are the most likely group of poll respondents to say that abortion should be illegal in all cases.
Catholic women are also more likely to oppose the federal contraception mandate when it is applied to religious hospitals and similar institutions, she said.
Deckman acknowledged that “in recent weeks, the Romney campaign has been able to close the gap” that exists between the genders.
In a campaign with a heavy economic focus, this may be the result of “the Romney campaign’s emphasis on how the economy’s affecting women – namely that there are more women in poverty under the Obama administration, and the recession has hit women harder in terms of job loss,” she said.
Other speakers on the panel explained that while the Catholic vote has long been considered an important swing vote in determining the outcome of elections, it is white Catholics who identify as politically moderate and are the true swing group within the Catholic community.
In such a tight race, predictions are difficult to make, the panelists said, but Catholics who fit into this swing category – including the women whose vote is being emphatically pursued by both candidates – could make a difference on Nov. 6.
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The water is starting to stabilize on Roosevelt Lake at 100 percent of capacity, which is good news for the future of warm water fishing. Longer days mean more solar heating as the temperature of the water is rising to the low 60s, and that creates perfect spawning conditions for the largemouth bass. All sizes of bass will be cruising the shallows looking for the right location to make the nest where the female will lay the eggs that will soon be fertilized by the male fish.
This springtime phenomenon creates fantastic fishing for the lunker largemouth in the four-pound and larger category. As the clarity of the water improves along the shoreline, it is possible to see these fish cruising the shallows or guarding a nest. In either case, they can be lured into biting bait, which can be a terrific fight on a medium weight bait casting or spinning outfit.
Seeing the bass before it sees you can be a real challenge, but it can be done by peering into the distant water with a good pair of polarized yellow lens sunglasses. Reducing the glare and concentrating on looking for shadows or the outline of an unsuspecting bass is extremely important. If there are logs and other debris, look to the shadow side where the fish will often be suspended in the reduced light.
Long casts with some degree of accuracy are necessary not to spook the fish. This takes practice, which is a good excuse to be on the water a few extra days in the spring when the fish are biting. It is valuable to know your equipment and have the correct line strength for the habitat you are fishing. When there is submerged timber and floating logs, heavier line is needed to successfully land a giant largemouth.
Excellent springtime bait is a soft plastic swimbait in the four- to six-inch category in one of the many shad color patterns. A white or silver colored shad has been very effective on Roosevelt Lake this past week, and will probably continue for the rest of the spring. Sometimes it is important to change color patterns depending on the time of day and the brightness of the sun. A general “rule of thumb” is: on sunny days, use light colors; with cloud cover or reduced light, a darker color will give the best results.
There are many swimbaits on the market, but the Berkley Hollowbelly and the “Lil Chunk” made by Kirk Russell have a proven successful track record on Roosevelt Lake. The Hollowbelly can be found in most tackle stores and sporting goods departments, while the “Lil Chunk” is hand-poured by Kirk Russell of Payson and you can purchase them by a phone call to (928) 978-0441.
Fishing a swimbait with a slow retrieve and watching the approaching wake of a trophy largemouth is a bit unnerving, even to the most seasoned anglers.
Now is the time to be on Roosevelt Lake if trophy largemouth are the goal. If you catch one of those big fish, take a picture or two and return it to the water for another angler’s enjoyment.
There are plenty of unders, which is a fish less than the 13-inch slot; and they will make perfect fillets for the frying pan.
Take a friend fishing on Roosevelt Lake and enjoy God’s creation.
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Pediatric Diabetic Counseling and Education
Diabetes is a serious illness, and finding out your child has diabetes can be frightening. But children with diabetes can live long, happy lives. Good management of the disease is the key. Our certified diabetes educators will help you and your child learn how to live well with diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes
A condition in which your child’s pancreas no longer produces the insulin he or she needs to survive. It used to be called juvenile diabetes, because it is usually found in children and young adults. Learn more about type 1 diabetes in children.
Children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes will get help from our certified diabetes educators. Diabetes educators can provide handouts written for different ages. Children will learn how to check blood sugar levels, administer insulin and keep good records. They will learn what to do if blood sugars are too high or too low. And they will learn how to deal with “sick days,” to make sure a case of the flu doesn’t disrupt good diabetes management. Children living with diabetes will get a “refresher course” to help them get back on track with managing their disease.
Type 2 Diabetes
A chronic condition that affects the way your child’s body uses sugar (glucose) for energy. Type 2 diabetes is more commonly found among adults, but more and more children are getting the disease. Learn more about type 2 diabetes in children.
Children diagnosed with type 2 diabetes will learn how different kinds of foods affect their body and how to manage diabetes with healthy eating. They will learn how exercise and weight control can help them manage their disease. They will also learn about insulin or other medications prescribed for them. Over time, as your child’s control of blood sugars improves, he or she may be able to manage diabetes with oral medications or even just diet and exercise.
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Since the recession began there has been a 27 per cent increase in the number of British graduates who find their first job abroad. Business leaders have predictably branded the figures as ‘worrying’, fretting over a ‘brain drain’ that will damage British business and global competitiveness.
But why all the doom and gloom? An increase in the number of graduates finding their first job abroad should not be a concern. On the contrary, we should be celebrating the fact that British graduates have the confidence to work abroad.
Never mind that the actual number is much lower than you might expect – a mere 5,175 out of 760,000 graduates in 2011 – or that many are only temporarily posted overseas by British-based multinationals.
An international experience is incredibly valuable for a graduate’s career. They are able to learn the local language, create an international network of contacts, and gain an intimate understanding of another culture.
I was lucky enough to spend a year abroad as part of my degree, and now run a company which uses students’ international experiences to inspire others to spend a year abroad. Through working with international employers to help our students find jobs once they've finished university, we’ve found that their skills and intercultural experience make them excellent candidates.
They are already equipped with the skills and experience to liaise with foreign clients and work in international teams. A first job abroad will quickly teach these skills and mindsets, which are immeasurably valuable to UK businesses wanting to expand or trade overseas.
From my own experience, there's nothing like arriving alone and having to get by in a foreign language in a foreign country to teach you that any problem can be solved through sheer determination. I have no doubt that my experience has certainly made me happier, more focused and ambitious. It gave me the confidence to start my own business while I was still at university, and to approach new foreign clients in their native language.
And I'm not alone. According to the recent University Council of Modern Languages report, a foreign placement also makes those involved more confident, independent and motivated. As one student told the survey, the experience "boosts your self esteem as you're forced to meet new people and make friends of all nationalities.”
Interestingly, the rise in students finding their first job overseas has coincided with an increase in the number of students who have had the opportunity to study or work abroad during their degree. The number of UK Erasmus students has increased by approximately 1,000 every academic year since 2008/09.
I wouldn't be surprised if these students’ foreign experience gave them a taste of freedom and opportunity – the idea of living abroad is less of a hurdle if they have already done so.
And for those students who didn’t spend a year of their degree course working or studying overseas due to expense, fear or degree course restrictions, working abroad after graduation might be their only feasible opportunity to live abroad.
Either way, it’s an exciting and inspiring opportunity to see more of the world and open your mind at the start of your career. The sooner business leaders recognise this, the better.
Lizzie Fane is founder of ThirdYearAbroad.com
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Think About It
Ian Peacock dons his thinking cap for this new series examining how we think.
|01||01||How Babies Think||20030623||In this first programme he finds out how babies think and whether we can do anything to help them become little Einsteins.|
|01||02||What Is The Name Of This Programme?||20030630||Ian Peacock puts some great modern day thinkers to the test in a mission to come up with a title for his programme.|
He talks to a Chess Grand Master about strategic thinking, brainstorms with an advertising creative team, mind maps with a brain guru and even meditates with a Buddhist in a bid to come up with the title.
Along the way he discovers how different people think, and whether you can teach someone a new thinking style.
Or is the answer to thinking through a problem to not think at all? ".
|01||03 LAST||Lifelong Thinking||20030707||In the final part of this series, Ian Peacock investigates what he can do to keep the brain cells ticking as he gets older.|
Is it a case of 'use it or lose it'? Ian visits the set of Countdown to find out why so many pensioners tune in everyday and whether their interest in conundrums is actually helping keep their minds fit and active.
Are Crosswords and scrabble the key to a long life of thinking? As well as other well known older thinkers, Tony Benn thinks through thinking with Ian and ponders how his thinking has changed over time.
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It can happen to any dog, but it usually happens to big dogs. It strikes males more than females, and if not treated, can kill within hours.
No one knows what causes it and no one is sure how to prevent it; there are a lot of opinions all based on anecdotal evidence, but no hard facts to go on.
Bloat, as it is commonly called, is a condition technically known as gastric dilation/volvolus, or GDV, which at first seems and is, similar to stomach gas. The abdomen becomes enlarged and distended, and the dog shows signs of discomfort – pacing, salivating, whining and trying to throw up. At this stage, a dose of Mylanta Gas, Gas-X, or any product containing simethicone may help by breaking up any gas bubbles. Not every case is extreme, and the problem may go away, but if it does not, or gets worse, it becomes a medical emergency. If the abdomen continues to swell, the pressure on the organs, especially the heart and lungs, can reduce the blood flow to the heart and spleen, damaging both organs and leading to cardiac arrest. In some cases the stomach can burst, causing peritonitis. A vet can insert a tube into the stomach to relieve the pressure, but you have to get the dog there fast. And that assumes the stomach has not flipped.
In the most serious stage, the stomach rotates partially or a full 360° on the ligaments that support it. Now the clock is really ticking. The esophagus is closed off, as is the duodenum, the upper intestine, and there is no way to release the pressure. A major vein that passes through the stomach is pinched, cutting off blood to the stomach and other organs, leading to tissue damage and destruction. Worse, blood to the heart is reduced drastically, and a heart attack is imminent if surgery to correct the problem and repair the damage is not done soon. At this point, even surgery may not save the dog.
Bloat, also called stomach torsion or twisted stomach, is the number two killer of dogs, after cancer, yet many, if not most dog owners are not familiar with it or aware how serious a problem it is. There is no direct cause and affect with this problem, such as a bacteria or virus that a vet can treat with antibiotics or vaccinate against. Bloat is usually the result of a combination of factors that might have no affect on most dogs, but can bring about a life-threatening situation in others. Owner awareness of the problem is the first step in preventing its occurrence.
Purdue University Veterinary college has done the most extensive study of bloat and the factors involved. Dogs that seem to be most at risk are large dogs with a deep chest and a small waist. There are some indications that a deep, narrow chest is a higher risk than a deep, wide chest. Among purebred dogs, the Great Dane has the highest incidence of bloat, followed by the Saint Bernard, Weimaraner, Irish Setter and Standard Poodle. Any dog that fits the profile, purebred or mixed breed, may be at risk.
Researchers have found similarities in dogs that experience bloat, some of which include-
Eating one large meal a day of dry food. It is recommended that dogs at risk be fed 2 or 3 smaller portions at various times during the day. Dogs fed once a day are twice as likely to develop GDV Being a fast eater, gulping down the food as quickly as possible. Dogs that eat fast tend to swallow a lot of air while eating.
Drinking a large amount of water after eating. Most dry foods expand when water is added, some more so than others. It is thought that drinking a large amount of water after ingesting a large meal may cause the dry food to expand in the stomach to a mass that the stomach was not intended to hold. Add to this the air that was swallowed and the stomach can swell to a dangerous size. Water may also dilute the digestive juices in the stomach to a point that they cannot do their job, which may cause gas to build up.
Playing vigorously after eating. Running, jumping and especially rolling over after eating increase the risk of stomach twist. A leisurely walk around the neighborhood is fine and may aid digestion, but more active exercise should be restricted for one hour before and two hours after eating.
Dogs that are under stress are thought to be more at risk than those that are calm and relaxed. Boarding, change in routine, and a new dog in the home are situations that can increase stress in a dog. Temperament can also be a factor. Dogs that are more nervous, anxious or fearful appear to have an increased risk of developing GVD.
Food and exercise are not always the problem. Some dogs experience bloat with none of the risk factors being present. The most common age at which dogs get bloat is between 4 and 7 years; younger dogs have a lower risk and older dogs a somewhat higher one. The most common time that dogs get bloat is between 2:00 and 6:00 AM, 7 to 10 hours after eating and while the owner is sleeping.
What should a dog owner do? First and foremost – be aware. Know the risk factors, and if your dog fits the profile for higher risk, make the changes that will reduce the risk. Know the symptoms of bloat so that you will recognize them if they are present. And most important, know what to do if you suspect that your dog may be experiencing bloat.
If you have a large male dog that gulps his food, drinks lots of water after eating, and likes to play actively after eating, you may want to make some changes in his routine. Feed smaller portions two or three times a day, limit water after eating, and prevent vigorous activity for at least two hours after eating, crating the dog if necessary. If you are not already using a premium food, consider switching to one.
The higher nutrient content of these foods allows you to feed smaller portions while still meeting all of your dog’s nutritional needs. Do a ‘kibble test’ with your dog’s food. Place a cup of dry food in a bowl, add water and let it sit overnight. Over time the food will expand, some more than others, and what you see in the morning is representative of what is in your dog’s stomach. If the food expands excessively, you might want to switch foods. Some other ideas are to put water on the food prior to feeding, allowing it to expand before it is eaten, or to mix dry and canned food together.
The first sign that something is wrong is usually swelling of the abdomen. It may be accompanied by an appearance of discomfort often seen on people who insist on getting their money’s worth at the all-you-can-eat buffet. The dog may attempt to vomit or burp in an effort to remedy the problem. If successful, everything should be all right, but often nothing comes out, and the pressure builds. A product containing simethicone, such as Mylanta-Gas or Gas-X, may help if given at this time, and should always be kept available. Simethicone breaks up gas bubbles in the stomach and may relieve the pressure. If it does not, the dog needs to get to the vet now. Waiting can be fatal.
Even if the problem is resolved this time, it will almost certainly happen again. Your dog is predisposed to gastric dilation, which can lead to torsion, a partial twist, or volvolus, a complete 360° flip of the stomach. If this occurs, immediate surgery is needed to save the dog’s life, and unfortunately, in many cases it is already too late. Returning the stomach to its normal position is the first concern, to relieve pressure on the vein that is pinched and return blood flow to the heart. If too much stomach tissue has died from lack of blood, the dog will probably have to be euthanized.
Again, owner awareness and preparation is the most important factor in preventing this problem from occurring, and in treating it quickly and properly if it happens. Bloat, like many emergencies, often happens when the regular vet is closed. Know where the nearest emergency clinic is located, and how to get there. Trying to find a place you have never been on a dark, rainy night during a medical emergency can be tricky. There is a lot of information available about bloat, most of it conjecture, and some of it changes over time. A few years back, it was suggested that high risk dogs be fed from elevated dishes. After observation of the results, it is now thought that raised dishes increase the risk of bloat and should not be used. Type “bloat in dogs” on a search engine and you will have enough reading material to last a long time.
This is dedicated to Dylan, a great dog who died too young, largely because I did not know enough to recognize the symptoms, all of which were there. If even one dog is spared from a horrible death by this article, maybe he will not have died in vain.
We would like to hear from any readers who have had experience with this topic, or just have thoughts on the subject. If you care to send us your comments, we will share them with others. E-mail us at
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Report of the Panel on the Ecological Integrity of Canada's National Parks
"Unimpaired for Future Generations"
A Definition of Ecological Integrity
The Panel proposes the following definition of ecological integrity: "An ecosystem has integrity when it is deemed characteristic for its natural region, including the composition and abundance of native species and biological communities, rates of change and supporting processes." In plain language, ecosystems have integrity when they have their native components (plants, animals and other organisms) and processes (such as growth and reproduction) intact.
The Panel on Ecological Integrity was struck in November 1998 by the Minister of Canadian Heritage, the Hon. Sheila Copps, to identify issues, examine Parks Canada's approach for maintaining ecological integrity and provide recommendations for improvement. The Panel members travelled to a series of representative national parks to speak with park staff and other interested Canadians, to see first-hand the problems and stresses that threaten our national parks, and to develop a sense of how to address these problems.
The result of that journey is this detailed report, with specific recommendations addressed to the Minister and to the Parks Canada Agency. The Panel also wanted to share with a broader audience the fundamental substance of their findings and the thrust of their recommendations.
Thus, the Panel's report has two volumes:
Volume I: A Call to Action is an umbrella document that describes the serious threats that beset our national parks, presents an overview of values that may be lost if the threats are not resolved and identifies roles and key actions for all Canadians, and particularly for Parks Canada, to help resolve these threats.
Volume II: Setting a New Direction for Canada's National Parks identifies specific issues and problems and makes equally specific recommendations to the Minister and to Parks Canada on how these issues could be addressed. While there are branches of the Parks Canada Agency concerned with national historic canals, national historic sites, and other locations or structures, in this report the term "Parks Canada" is used specifically with reference to those branches of the Parks Canada Agency with jurisdiction over national parks.
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Teachers in Tanzania are absent 23 percent of the time; doctors in Senegal spend an average of 39 minutes a day seeing patients; in Chad, 99 percent of non-wage public spending in health disappears before reaching the clinics.
These and other service delivery failures have been widely documented since the 2004 World Development Report, Making Services Work for Poor People.
But why do these failures persist? Because they represent a political equilibrium where politicians and service providers (teachers, doctors, bureaucrats) benefit from the status quo and will therefore resist attempts at improving services. For instance, teachers are often the campaign managers for local politicians. They work to get the politician elected, in return for which they get a job from which they can be absent. Powerful medical unions ensure that their members can work in the private sector and neglect their salaried government jobs. The losers are the poor, whose children don't learn to read and write, or get sick and die because the public clinic is empty.
The plenary session of the AERC's biannual workshop, on Institutions and Service Delivery, corroborated this political equilibrium and suggested some ways of disrupting it. Tessa Bold and Jakob Svensson's paper described a randomized control trial where a program of contract teachers in Kenya was implemented by both NGOs and government. The improvement in learning outcomes was only in schools where the program was introduced by NGOs. When the government ran the program, there was no discernible improvement--probably linked to the strong protest from the (permanent) teachers unions.
In another experiment, they provided teachers with more resources, but subjected some to monitoring by the local community. Only when the additional resources were accompanied by community monitoring was there a significant improvement in student learning.
These and other examples illustrate a fundamental point. We can think of several "gimmicks" to make service providers accountable, but unless the underlying politics is conducive to those innovations, they are unlikely to work.
A bonus to doctors for performance seems to improve health outcomes in Rwanda, but a program to introduce time-stamp machines to monitor health workers' presence in another country failed: the night before the program was to start all the machines were vandalized.
How can we disrupt this equilibrium to improve services for poor people? One possibility is to provide them with information. We saw that community monitoring (poor people obtaining the information directly) had an effect on teacher performance. But more broadly, poor people do vote. If, with information, they vote along service delivery lines--rather than for politicians from their own ethnic or religious group, or who promise them private goods such as a job building roads--then it would be more difficult for politicians to ignore service delivery failures.
You might ask why we need to inform poor people. Don't they already know that the teacher or doctor is absent? Life is so difficult when you're poor that you may not associate absentee doctors or ill-equipped classrooms with public policy failures. As part of a village immersion program, I spent time with a poor woman in Gujarat, India. One day, her kid was sick. She took him to a private doctor whose qualifications were suspect. When I asked her why she didn't take him to the free, public clinic, she said (rolling her eyes), "because the doctor's not there." I then asked her why she thought the doctor wasn't in. "Because the rains didn't come," she replied.
If we want to inform poor people so they can vote for programs in their own interest, how do we do so? We know very little about what types of information campaigns work (link to my blog post about critiques of information campaigns). This is an area that is ripe for randomized control trials, such as this one in Benin.
Information may not be the only solution. The underlying problem is that politicians are behaving "clientelistically"--more interested in handing out private goods to their "clients" rather than public goods that benefit society, especially the poor--and getting away with it (they get elected). And if most politicians behave this way, it's in every politician's interest to follow suit. How can we move from clientelism being the norm to one where it is the exception?
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Anyone who has ever cooked on a stove top has likely been burned in some way shape or form. Whether it’s touching a burner you thought had already cooled down, or oil popping out of the pan and onto your hand, it usually happens at least once. Long kitchen utensils help deter injury, but they’re not exactly a shield for your hand.
If you want to make sure your fingers aren’t going to get scorched off when flipping food, then you might want to get the Fingertongs. It’s a wearable set of tongs made out of silicone, and it will provide a barrier for some of your hand. It can withstand temperatures up to 675 degrees Fahrenheit, and can be tossed in the dishwasher when you’re done with it. This is a $12 purchase that looks like it might be worth its weight if it will save you a couple of burn scars.
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News Stories relating to "cigarettes"
Thursday, March 7, 2013
The number of smokers has gone down--fewer than one in five adults now smoke in the US, which is about half as many smokers as there were 50 years ago. Despite this, cigarettes kill more than 400,000 Americans every year. But the solution is at hand: make nicotine less addictive.
Most of us don't realize it, but the Family Smoking...
Friday, September 7, 2012
Most of us assume that cigarettes are simply tobacco rolled up in paper, but that FAR from the truth: many OTHER ingredients
--many of them SECRET--are added to the mix.
Friday, May 11, 2012
Smoking is not sexy
: Exposure to second hand smoke is bad for a fetus
and it's bad for teenagers too: Researchers report that exposure to tobacco smoke nearly doubles the risk of hearing loss among...
Wednesday, January 18, 2012
Most of us now realize that smoking leads to lung cancer (and other diseases), but not everyone realizes that tobacco companies HID this data for years. A new analysis of tobacco industry documents shows that Philip Morris manipulated data on the effects of additives in cigarettes, including...
Tuesday, November 1, 2011
Why do some older women smoke (when they surely know better by now)? It may make them feel sexy: a recent study discovered that postmenopausal women who smoke have higher androgen and estrogen levels than non-smoking women, with sex hormone levels being highest in heavy smokers.
Friday, September 30, 2011
This was kept as a deep, dark secret for almost 40 years, from its discovery in 1959 through 1998, when it was revealed as part of a legal settlement. According to a new study, tobacco companies knew that cigarette smoke contained radioactive alpha particles for more than four decades and developed "deep and intimate" knowledge of these...
Friday, January 28, 2011
In research described as "a stark warning" to those tempted to start smoking, scientists are reporting that cigarette smoke begins to cause genetic damage within MINUTES--not years--after inhalation into the lungs.
And there is growing evidence that exposure to a group of chemicals known as type-2 alkenes--found in many...
Wednesday, October 26, 2005
Recently, the book "Why French Women Don't Get Fat" was exposed as a fraud because critics said that all French women smoke and smoking elevates your metabolism, as well as being a substitute for food, causing you to stay slim. Now we know this isn't true. But what about nonsmokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke? New studies show that...
Monday, August 22, 2005
Lower-class "bad guys" smoke more often in movies than wealthy movie heroes. But maybe this is just an imitation of life: New evidence shows that the same genes may foster two harmful proclivities--nicotine addiction and aggressively hostile behavior.
Smoking is not more common in movies than in the general US population. Dr. Karan...
Tuesday, December 23, 2003
It's been discovered that nonsmokers who spent only four hours in a smoky Las Vegas casino had elevated levels of a cancer-causing agent called NNAL in their urine. Their urine also contained elevated levels of cotinine, which is a byproduct of nicotine. Both these chemicals only come from tobacco.
In abcnews.com, Marc Lallanilla quotes...
Sunday, June 1, 2003
Marlboros are the world's best selling cigarettes and also contain much higher levels of the cancer-causing agents called nitrosamines (TSNAs) than other cigarette brands sold in 11 of 13 other countries. In 10 of these countries, including Japan and Germany, Marlboros had at least twice the amount of TSNAs.
Philip Morris, the maker of...
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Often when I need cards, I find myself making them from paper and scraps of supplies I have around my office instead of purchasing them. But for some reason I usually purchase envelopes for these cards. I have plenty of paper that usually gets put in the recycle bin, and I wondered why I was buying more paper in the form of an envelope? So I worked up a template to make easy envelopes from a standard size piece of paper, therefore envelopes can me made from most magazines that would usually be placed in the recycling bin.
- 2-3 pieces of magazine or newspaper approx. 8.5” x 11”
- Scissors and/or exacto knife
- Paper glue
- Printer (to print templates)
- Bonefolder or butter knife
1. Download the Envelopetemplate and print it out full size (a scale has been placed on each jpg to help with printing at the correct proportions).
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Accessibility takes many forms. While many if not most people have a fixed concept of accessibility that revolves around screen-reader compatibility with published content, the reality is that each product, be it an application, a document, a device or a protocol, has its own capabilities and limitations. And when we review our product teams’ work, sometimes we find unexpected ways to improve the user experience for people of all types.
A recent example is one of our newer products, Adobe Edge Inspect—one of a host of apps we’re working on to make HTML-based development easier for developers, designers and testers. Edge Inspect has three components: a desktop application that runs in the System Tray on Windows or the Menu Bar on OSX, which connects mobile apps running on iOS and Android to a Google Chrome extension, allowing testers to browse and debug the same mobile site across numerous devices simultaneously. It’s one of those apps that you don’t know you need until you know you could have it.
When I saw this demo last year, once I picked my jaw up off of the floor, I grabbed their demonstration iPad and turned on VoiceOver, the screen reader that’s built into iOS. This is usually how I shame mobile engineers. (Who says accessibility people can’t have hobbies?) But to my surprise, most of what was there already worked. Before they’d done any custom work, the Edge Inspect team had built a tool that would let me test mobile accessibility use cases alongside the visual layout.
Adobe Accessibility’s Michael Jordan worked with the Edge Inspect team to complete the job, both by tying up loose ends (like naming buttons and ordering controls), and by introducing accessibility features into the Chrome extension. That work is shipping in the latest version of Edge Inspect—which, by the way, you can get just by signing up for a free Adobe Creative Cloud account.
It’s important to remember that it’s not just the end user of a mobile site who may have a disability; your developers and testers may make use of that support as well. We talk a lot with our colleagues at all levels within Adobe about the role accessibility plays in what we create, and how people build upon our work. We can talk about how this or that is required by law, or by policy, but sometimes, as with Edge Inspect, we find a great opportunity to expand both the audience and the capabilities of a tool, with just a little polish. We have even more improvements coming soon, but more importantly, by working together, we have another product team that’s taking a broader view when it comes to designing for their users.
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