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CS Cone Crushers are the earliest cone crushers, and also the most widely used crushers in the world today. The improved and refined CS Cone Crushers own a more reasonable structure and more advanced technocal parameters. CS Cone Crushers have excellent performance in manufacturing, installation, use and maintenance.
For higher productivity, better reliability and flexibility, long service life, and better final product quality, the CS Cone Crusher is absolutely your best choice. CS Cone Crusher offer several outstanding features such as excellent tramp release system, unique hydraulic lifting system, high crusher throw and reasonable cavity design .
CS Cone Crusher Application
The CS Cone Crusher has the advantage of reliable construction, high prod activity, easy adjustment and less cost in operation. The spring release system of crusher acts an overload protection system that allows tramp to pass through the crushing chamber without damage to the crusher, use dry soil, water, two kinds of sealed formation.
CS type cone crusher is the earliest cone crusher sand also the most widely used cone crusher in the world today. CS Cone Crusher is widely applied in cement making industry, building, sand making, metallurgical industry, etc. The cone crusher from China is suitable for both metallic minerals and non-metallic minerals, such as iron ore, nonferrous metal ore, granite, limestone, quartzite, sandstone, pebble, etc.
CS Cone Crusher Features
1. Higher capacity and less wear costs.
2. Dry oil seal system.SBM CS Cone Crusher has special seal structure, which extends the lubricants’ replacement cycle and the life of spare parts.
3. Special material is adopted on the key components of SBM CS Cone Crusher to support large crush power.
4. Wide range of application suitability.
5. Easy to maintain, reduce the downtime and maintenance costs.
CS Cone Crusher Working Principle
Cone crusher crushes materials by the working surface between the movable cone and fixed cone. The movable cone is supported by spherical bearing and fixed on a hanging erect shaft which is set in the eccentric sleeve, and the sleeve is set on the stopping and pushing bearing. The movable cone and erect shaft are driven by the eccentric shaft sleeve together.
The eccentric shaft sleeve is driven by horizontal shaft and fabricated gear, and the wheel of the conveyor belt is driven by motor through v-belts. The lower part of vertical shaft is installed in the eccentric sleeve. When the eccentric sleeve of cone crusher rotates, there is a conical surface lined out by the shaft. When the movable cone comes near the fixed cone, rocks are grinded into pieces, when the cone leaves, grinded materials is discharged from the discharge hole. The fixed cone can be ascended or descended by adjusting setting to adjust the width of discharge hole; consequently the output size is determined.
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Tyranny of the Alphabet
A new study explores how your last name influences how fast you buy stuff.
My surname falls almost precisely in the middle of the alphabet, N being the 14th of 26 letters. That may explain my previous indifference to the societal implications of alphabetization. Or perhaps I should say alphabetism, defined as discrimination against people whose last names fall near the end of the alphabet. We're talking about you, David Vitter, Reese Witherspoon, Carl Yastrzemski, and Fareed Zakaria (though it doesn't seem to have held any of them back). According to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research (registration required) by Kurt A. Carlson, assistant professor at Georgetown's McDonough School of Business, and Jacqueline M. Conard, assistant professor at Belmont University's Massey Graduate School of Business, the farther back in the alphabet the first letter of your surname falls, the quicker you're likely to chase some enticing new consumer offer. This response is rooted in childhood trauma.
To the extent I ever thought about this issue at all, I was inclined to believe that having your name at the end of the alphabet set you apart from the common herd in a good way. My Slate colleague and friend of 30 years, Emily Yoffe, has always been among the easiest people to find in what was, at various stages of my life, my address book, my Rolodex, my Palm Pilot, my PDA, and my bouquet of Apple devices (iTouch, iPhone, iPad). No matter what the platform, the way to find Emily was always the same: Go right to the end! Family members, by comparison, could be found only by stumbling around the middle, tempting me more than once not to send them Christmas cards. But Emily set me straight, confiding, for instance, that applause at her nephew Zachary Yoffe's graduation from the Naval Academy "was considerably less than for the kid whose last name was Anderson." She directed me to this survey in the Telegraph of London, in which readers with surnames at the start of the alphabet rated themselves more successful than readers with surnames at the end. Even in my address-book competition, Emily's advantage from being at the end is bested by that of my friend of 35 years, David Atkins, who resides at the beginning.
Less obviously anecdotal research methods yield the same result. A 2006 study by Liran Einav, an assistant professor of economics at Stanford, and Leeat Yariv, an associate professor of economics at CalTech, found that faculty members "with earlier surname initials are significantly more likely to receive tenure at top ten economics departments" in the United States and, "to a lesser extent, are more likely to receive the Clark Medal and the Nobel Prize." A likely reason is that academic papers by economists typically list the authors' names alphabetically. For comparison's sake, Einav and Yariv (or should I say Yariv and Einav?) looked at top psychology departments and found no such correlation; psychology papers, like papers in the medical and "hard" sciences, do not typically rank authors alphabetically, but instead rank them according to who did the most work, which does seem more logical. Even for economists, the correlation Einav and Yariv posited was not perfect. It diminished when they expanded their survey from the top ten economics departments to the top 35. (And it disappears entirely when applied to their own academic careers. Five years after they published their alphabetization study, Einav labors at Stanford as a mere associate professor of economics, while Yariv has become a full professor at CalTech!) But Einav and Yariv's findings were robust enough to prompt political scientists, who today collaborate more on academic papers than they did in years past, to begin debating whether they should stop alphabetizing authorship. Alphabetical ordering of political candidates on ballots has long been observed to confer a significant advantage to the name that comes first, and in 2004 a man named Tom Zych made "the tyranny of alphabetical order" a central issue in his write-in campaign for president. "I spent many years in the back right hand corner of classrooms," Zych said, "at the ends of lines."
Carlson and Conard break new ground by measuring not the immediate but rather the long-term effect of having a surname at the alphabet's end, and how that, in turn, affects buying patterns. Their working hypothesis is that "[R]epeated delays imposed on children whose last names are late in the alphabet create in those individuals a chronic expediency motive that is automatically activated" by limited-time offers to buy stuff. In effect, Carlson and Conard believe the R-to-Z set will prove easier prey for "act now!" marketing pitches than the A-to-I set.
Carlson and Conard tested their thesis four ways.
1.) Business school students were invited by e-mail to receive up to four free tickets to attend a basketball game. The students were told there was a limited supply and that tickets would be given away on a first-come, first-serve basis. Seventy-six students put in requests before all the tickets were spoken for. Average response time was 23 minutes (students love getting free stuff!). Response time correlated negatively with alphabetic rank. In other words, students at the end of the alphabet put their bids in, on average, earliest.
2.) E-mails were sent out to adults offering them $500 to participate in a survey. Average response time was between six and seven hours. The same negative correlation between response time and alphabetic rank was observed, but only when the researchers looked at the names the respondents were born with. When Carlson and Conard looked at married names or names changed for some other reason, the correlation dwindled to insignificance. This, they conclude, demonstrates that the "last name effect" derives from "a childhood response tendency." Only people who grew up with a name at the back of the alphabet demonstrated truly Pavlovian responses to the $500 offer.
3.) Students of drinking age in a wine-appreciation class were told, verbally, that they could receive $5 and a free bottle of wine if they participated in a wine survey. Average response time was about six hours. Again, a negative correlation was found between response time and alphabetic rank. The R-Zs responded, on average, about an hour faster than the A-Is. Carlson and Conard also compared the responders as a whole with the students who didn't respond. The R-Zs were more likely to be responders.
4.) Undergraduate students who were paid to participate in this and other studies were asked to imagine the following situation: You need a new backpack and as you pass a bookstore you see that it's selling brand-name backpacks for 20 percent off "while supplies last." But you don't have your wallet with you! It would take you 15 minutes to go home, get your wallet, and come back to the store. Do you do that right away? Yet again there was a negative correlation between (hypothetical) response time and alphabetic rank. The R-Zs were more likely to say they would trudge home and back to take advantage of the sale.
Timothy Noah is a former Slate staffer. His book about income inequality is The Great Divergence.
Illustration by Rob Donnelly.
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The Quelccaya glacier is at a similar latitude to Kilimanjaro and is also receding. It’s a logical point of comparison. Core 1 is 163.6 m deep (Summit Core- 154.8 m) and is attributed a start date of 470 AD (Summit Core: 744 AD). Annual dust layers are a guide to dating in the upper portions. In Core 1, the layer dated to 1800 AD is at 106 m in depth, the layer dated to 1590 AD at 130 m in depth (Summit – 120 m). It is both much younger and much thicker than Kilimanjaro. If you calculate accumulation rates at both glaciers according to a thickening model, it turns out that the assumed accumulation at Kilimanjaro is about 100 times lower than at Quelccaya, which is a young glacier. Precipitation levels appear to be comparable.
Glaciers become increasingly compressed with age. The usual equation linking the total thickness of the glacier H and the annual accumulation a to the age at a given depth z is as follows:
The main sensitivity in this equation is to a. For Quelccaya, the average accumulation is said to be 1.368 m. See footnote at ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/quelccaya/q83cor1.txt. There is an interesting aliasing artifact discussed by Hans Erren here.
Assuming that I’ve done this right – I’ve cross-checked it, but this is a new calculaiton for me – putting H at 165 m, the value of a needed to yield the 1800 AD layer at 106 m is 0.85 m; to yield AD1590 at 130 m is 0.65 cumulatively (i.e. a much lower rate from AD1800 to AD1590) and to yield AD500 at 160 m is cumulative 0.38 m. I’m unaware of any detailed discussion of the reasoning for this at Quelccaya. But, aside from this, the key point here is that the glacier is both much younger and much thicker than Kilimanjaro.
Here are the ages at 50 m under various accumulation rates a for H=55 m and H=80 m. Thompson does H=50 m, which leads to singularity in the equation, for which he does an odd coercion. Thompson concludes that the accumulation rate is 0.0128 m and that the basal layer is 11700 BP through this odd coercion. For the argument here, it doesn’t matter whether a=0.0128 m or a= 0.0067 m. The point here is just how sensitive this age calculation is to the accumulation rate a and just how low the Kilimanjaro accumulation rate is compared with Quelccaya where, in the well-measured period since AD1800, a=0.85.
|Accumulation Rate a (m)||Age (H=55 m)||Age (H=80 m)|
Thompson is saying that Kilimanjaro a is about 1% of the value at Quelccaya. Thompson says that precipitation occurs in all months at Kilimanjaro with monthly totals "typically" less than 100 mm. I’m looking for annual precipitation totals at Quelccaya; if the average accumulation is said to be about 1.268 m, it would appear that annual precipitation at both Quelccaya and Kilimanjaro are pretty similar. Ergo, the average annual ablation rate at Kilimanjaro must be pretty nearly equal to the average annual precipitation. Add in some autocorrelation and I cannot imagine how you can get a plausible age model resulting in Kilimanjaro being 11700 years old. I’m not even sure how you can prove that it’s as old as Quelccaya on the information proffered to date.
It would have been nice if Thompson had commented in the original publication on these astonishingly low accumulation rates and how they reconcile with (say) Quelccaya, where he had previously worked.
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David Vinjamuri, Contributor
A brand guy speaking truth to power and teaching at NYU
At midnight on Wednesday night, Google started working differently. If you pay attention to advertising, you may have seen some charming, pencil-figured ads entitled “Good to Know” about managing your privacy options. At midnight on March 1st, Google started linking your data across all of Google’s products. The theory is that this will make search results more personal. So if you write to your friend on gmail that you’re looking for a car and you visit the Car & Driver website from the Chrome browser then when you type “Jaguar” into Google search you’ll see the car, not the cat.
If it sounds helpful and unremarkable, that’s exactly the point of the advertising. The reality is somewhat different.
In fact, Google is making the boldest, brashest attack on Internet privacy since DoubleClick in 2000. In the process, Google is putting a bull’s-eye on its own brand, the same kind Microsoft wore in the nineties.
So what’s the big deal? After all, Google is not collecting any new information and it’s already doing some of what I described. The problem is a matter of scope. There’s a very big difference between using data discretely where you find it (like using cookies on web browsers to target advertising based on browsing behavior) and combining data from different sources. You might be fine with hearing more about cars when you’re in the market for one but how about pregnancy, cancer or impotence – especially on a shared computer?
I mentioned DoubleClick in 2000 because Google’s actions today bear a lot of similarity to what DoubleClick was trying to accomplish back then. DoubleClick wanted to combine the cookie data it had on consumers with the mail-order catalog data that it acquired when it bought a company called Abacus Direct in 1999. Abacus is a co-op service that mail order businesses use to share data. Any particular cataloger might only have a few transactions recorded per household it has done business with and no data whatever on the majority of prospects. By combining data, the catalogers get seven or more transactions per household for virtually the entire U.S. – enough data to predict who will order from a new catalog that appears in the mailbox. DoubleClick’s vision was to combine these real-world identities with the Internet cookies the company used to track online browsing and shopping. Google will have an even broader scope of information when they combine their e-mail, web, social and search data streams.
Why is this bad for Google as a brand? There is a delicate balance of intimacy and anonymity that companies who market to consumers must maintain. In reality, there’s a value exchange implicit in all data collection. Consumers agree to let companies collect more data on them in return for better offers, a more personalized experience and less of what they perceive as spam or junk mail.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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When educrats use the term proficient in relation to academic achievement, it means meets minimum requirements; it does not mean well advanced. This neologism is a misleading interpretation that directs public attention away from poor academic performance. Sadly, what is currently deemed proficient was recognized as failure in 1960. Today, low expectations are the norm. Nearly one-quarter of high school graduates who take the US Army qualification examination fail it.
People who are seeking employment in the Army are not future Rhodes Scholars. For many, the Army is an employer of last resort that keeps them from working dead-end jobs in fast food chains, retail outlets, or as unskilled laborers. However, scores on the tests required for graduation fail to reflect such a low level of competence.
Test scores have stagnated in the last 35 years, and the gaps in performance by demographic category have remained constant and in direct proportion to intelligence levels. In contrast, academic assessment has changed radically. Putting imaginary clothes on the educational emperor requires great creativity. Educational terminology reflects some of that creativity. One such term is to differentiate.
One might believe that it means to recognize or give expression to a difference. In academia, it means to segregate by demographic category. To differentiate instruction means to provide a different learning experience for every individual student in the class. This means that for Yan or Colin, earning an A grade—this begs the question as to whether grades are still earned—requires much greater effort than for Yashanda, Yolinda, or anyone else whom government classifies as Qualified Women and Minorities (QWAM's).
This academic welfare is the new inclusion, or equal pay for unequal work. It is because Multicultural, anti-Western, and feminist ideologies take precedence over any substantive or useful ideas about how to teach. One result is that an ESL student who has difficulty reading Dr. Seuss gets the same grade as someone who writes a concise and coherent explication of Waiting for Godot.
Ersatz education of this sort results from intellectually barren and ethically challenged education professors indoctrinating education students who, in turn, brainwash elementary school children. It is little wonder that education majors in college score lowest of all disciplines on standardized tests. Apparently, education colleges recruit people who are easily misled, yearn for approval, and are strongly inclined toward herd instincts. Teaching to the lowest level of potential achievement requires little intellectual vigor.
What is required is the gullibility needed to embrace educational fads. The different styles approach is but one example. It is predicated on the propaganda that no one is any more or less intelligent, productive, or motivated, despite the self-evident falsity of that claim. Students who will succeed in medical school or earn doctorates in astrophysics are forced into learning groups with lazy semi-literates, and all of the students receive the same grade, regardless of performance or productivity.
It is now unacceptable to simply teach a lesson to a class, and assess the students according to how well [each] demonstrates his knowledge of the content…providing 'differentiated instruction' to each of a teacher's 150 students is simply laughable. In high schools around the country, teachers only teach 20% of students, the top and bottom ten percent of achievers. The top ten are more gifted than many of the teachers, so their primary focus is to change D- students into C- students. Jobs are going to India and China because there are too few qualified Americans to fill them.
May your gods be with you.
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"Today, the cadres are the metamorphosis of the urban petty bourgeoisie of independent producers that has become salaried. These cadres are themselves very diversified as well, but the real stratum of upper cadres, which constitutes the model and the illusory goal for the others, is in fact held to the bourgeoisie by a thousand links, and integrates itself into that class more often than not. The vast majority of cadres are made up of middle and small cadres, whose real interests are even less separate from those of the proletariat than were the real interests of the petit bourgeoisie - for the cadre never possesses his [sic] instrument of work. But their social conceptions and promotional reveries are firmly attached to the values and perspectives of the modern bourgeoisie. Their economic function is essentially bound up with the tertiary sector, with the service sector, and particularly with the properly spectacular branch of sales, the maintenance and praise of commodities, counting among these commodity labor itself. The image of the lifestyle and the tastes that society expressly fabricates for them, its model sons, greatly influences the sectors of poor white-collar workers or petit bourgeois who aspire toward their reconversion as cadres, and is not without effect on a part of the current middle bourgeoisie... The cadre, always uncertain and always deceived, is at the center of modern false consciousness and social alienation. Contrary to the bourgeois, the worker, the serf and the feudal lord, the cadre always feels out of place. He always aspires to more than he is and can be. He pretends and, at the same time, he doubts. He is the man of malaise, never sure of himself, but hiding it. He is the absolutely dependent man, who believes that he must demand freedom itself, idealized in its semi-abundant consumption. He is ambitious and constantly turned towards his future - a miserable future, in any case - while he even doubts that he is occupying his current position as well...."
A last, a valid description of my job and role in capitalist society! Now to figure out what to do about it!
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Ellis Unit One by Steve Earle
I think the S. Earle’s point of view of the executioner in this song hits home when talking about executions (i.e capital punishment). Especially hits home on the remembrance of the day Jesus Christ was executed.
Good Friday had to happen in order to get the joy of Easter Sunday, but the account still drives a fist into the pit of your stomach, even after all these years and all the times I’ve heard the tale.
Pray for the imprisoned and condemned today. They need it.
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Based upon work done in the previous two Mexican Migration Mosaics (1998, 2003), the Community Studies Center is offering a Latino Mosaic for fall 2011 which expands our focus to Latinos in the U.S., and, in particular, to Latinos in Central Pennsylvania. This dynamic and interdisciplinary program involves a cluster of courses that engage students in in-depth fieldwork with a range of Latino communities in Central Pennsylvania, including Mexican migrant workers in Adams County. Students will have the opportunity to do internships and/or independent studies in day care centers for migrant children, teaching ESL in elementary schools, visiting and interpreting in health clinics for migrant workers, interviewing farmers and workers in the orchard camps, and investigating how immigration policy affects the lives of (im)migrant workers and their families in both sending and host communities. We will also focus on how Latino labor benefits U.S. employers and community reception. Courses offered: SPAN 239 Spanish for the Health Professions; HIST 315-01 Latino Immigration; AMST 200-01 Latinos in the U.S.; SOCI 313-01/HIST 315-02/ANTHRO 244 Fieldwork Practicum; SOCI/HIST 500 Independent Research Internship. Applications for the Latino Mosaic are due by March 22, 2011. If interested, please plan to attend the Info Session on Tuesday, February 15, at noon in the Community Studies Center. For more information, contact Professor Marcelo Borges (firstname.lastname@example.org).
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Performance in PCMark 2004
PCMark04 benchmarks drives in four different modes: Windows XP Startup is the typical disk subsystem load at system startup; Application Loading is the disk activity at sequential starting-up and closing of six popular applications; File Copying measures the HDD performance when copying a set of files; the Hard Disk Drive Usage parameter reflects the disk activity in a number of popular applications. These four parameters are used to calculate the overall performance rating.
We ran each test ten times and averaged the results.
It’s in this test that the SSDs can show their best in due to the low read access time. Apart from the i-RAM which is again far faster than the other drives, the 64GB SSD is the fastest of all. It is followed by the Fujitsu MBA3300RC and by the 32GB SSD. The 7200rpm HDDs are the slowest in this test.
The SSDs also cope well with loading applications, outperforming every HDD including the 15,000rpm model from Fujitsu.
The speed of writing is important at copying. That’s why the SSDs roll back to last places, being far slower even than the Hitachi 7K200. The Gigabyte i-RAM is still in the lead.
Read operations must be more frequent in general applications than write operations – that’s not surprising, though. As a result, we have the same overall picture as in the Windows XP boot-up test: the SSDs take second and fourth places, the Fujitsu MBA3300RC in between them.
The overall scores coincide with the first and last tests: the Gigabyte i-RAM is the winner, followed by the 64GB SSD. Next go the Fujitsu BMA3300RC, 32GB SSD and the 7200rpm HDDs.
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Tibet’s spiritual leader plans to step down as head of the Tibetan government-in-exile, his spokesman said.
The Dalai Lama, 75, has scaled back his duties leading Tibet since 2001, when the Tibetan movement first directly elected a political leader. Since then, his government role has been mainly ceremonial as he travels around the world giving speeches. His spokesman said he would discuss retiring with the next session of parliament in March. Though it might not be too easy to get away; the speaker of Tibet’s parliament said that a retirement requires consideration, since it would mean a sweeping political change.
“Retirement” would mainly mean stepping away from ceremonial duties as head of government, like signing resolutions. The Dalai Lama would still remain an advocate for the Tibetan movement and a Buddhist spiritual leader.
The Dalai Lama, who was born Tenzin Gyatso, is the highest-ranking Buddhist priest and seen as an incarnation of the original Dalai Lama from the 1300s. Finding a replacement requires a formal search party, though many expect the 26-year-old monk Karmapa to one day take his place.
Still, many worry the current Dalai Lama’s retirement would mean a weakening of the Tibetan struggle against Chinese rule. Many hope he will still be the main negotiator for independence from China.
“This [retirement] does not mean that he will withdraw from leading the political struggle,” said his spokesman, Tenzin Taklha. “He is the Dalai Lama, so he will always lead the Tibetan people.” (via AFP)
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Technology is a two edged sword. And a study done by the Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project attempts to prove that. According to the Washington-based think tank organization, in spite of the benefits of mobile technology, cellphone users are most likely facing four problems that are causing stress in our day to day lives. The center says that 88 percent of American adults have cellphones.
Out of those users, the research revealed that 72 percent of owners are experiencing dropped calls occasionally, with roughly 32 percent of them experiencing the problem at least a few times a week. The research also showed that 68 percent of cellphone users have received unwanted sales or marketing calls every now and then, with 25 percent of the users receiving them a few times in a week.
Furthermore, Pew claims that out of the 79 percent of cellphone owners using the text messaging service, 69 percent of them say that they are getting unwanted text messages or spam on a regular basis. And with 55 percent of cellphone owners using their phone to access the Internet, the center says that 77 percent of them are experiencing slow Internet speeds, which in my experience, can really cause a lot of stress.
“As mobile owners become fond of just-in-time access to others and as their expectations about getting real-time information rise, they depend on the cellphone’s technical reliability. Any problems that snag, stall, or stop users from connecting to the material and people they seek is at least a hassle to them and sometimes is even more disturbing than that in this networked world,” said Jan Lauren Boyles, a Pew Internet Project researcher.
Microsoft, Google Working Together On Windows Phone YouTube App
iPhone Repair Costs Rising Due To More Expensive Components
Android 4.3 Jelly Bean Spotted Running On Nexus 4 In Thailand
Sony Xperia S Android 4.1.2 Jelly Bean Update Rolling Out Now
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Existing Mindfulness Programs
A growing number of schools are using “mindfulness trainings” to combat increasing levels of anxiety, stress, social conflict, and attention disorder among their students. While the students of the Mindful Revolution plan to work with West Philly High School to eventually study the effects of the Youth Empowerment Seminar (YES!), there are a handful of other mindfulness programs for schools that are worth our consideration and these are highlighted below.
The Inner Kids Foundation came about because Steve Reidman, a teacher from Toluca Lake Elementary School, was concerned by the conflicts developing in his classroom and his difficulty managing these escalating problems. He confided in his personal friend Susan Kaiser about his concerns and she volunteered to teach mindfulness, a technique she’d taught to kids at a local boys and girls club, to his classroom. Reidman’s classroom had a very positive experience with the mindulness training and this initial success helped it spread to other classrooms at the school and helped launch Kaiser’s career as founder and director of InnerKids, a non-profit funded through private grants.
It’s mission is “to promote a more peaceful, harmonious, and compassionate society.” The Inner Kids Foundation has taught mindful awareness programs in under-served schools and neighborhoods in Los Angeles since 2000. Kaiser’s curriculum is inspired by the work of Jon Kabat-Zinn, the founder of Stress Reduction Programs at the University of Massachusetts. InnerKids has served hundreds of schools across the country. They have chosen to focus on children, teen, and family programs because “brain plasticity is greatest during the developmental periods of childhood, hence, nurturing social, emotional, physical and intellectual well-being early in the lifespan may yield the greatest impact on mental health and well-being.” While they are doing programs all over – New York, California, the Midwest, this organization focuses on Los Angeles, where it was founded in 2001, because they believe “that local people and groups are best equipped to respond to challenges within their communities, and this is our home.”
In the spring of 2006, InnerKids taught approximately 125 students in 4 separate facilities ages 3 through 12. With these students, InnerKids conducted a thorough internal evaluation of their program (using pre-and-post program student, teacher and parent questionnaires) and analysis of the data collected showed a significant benefit to the students and school communities that were served.
This program is geared towards pre-K to middle school-aged students; while it has received a lot of attention for its success, it would not be the most appropriate for West Philadelphia High School. Its self-directed games and activities are not as developmentally appropriate for high school students. However, given that the curriculum is based in the work of Jon Kabat-Zinn, perhaps in the future this program will extend into high schools.
Wellness Works in Schools was created and launched by Kinder Associates LLC in 2001. It offers mindfulness programming in the Lancaster and Reading Public School System – not too far away from Philadelphia!
According to Wellness Works program materials program materials, the program is “designed to motivate, educate, and support students, teachers and families in developing the mental, emotional, physical, and social competencies needed to handle life’s challenges healthfully, across school,home, work and community. Wellness Works presents mindful awareness practices and curriculums to promote positive nervous system function and behavioral expression” (Kinder Associates LLC, 2009, pp 1-2). Additional information about Wellness Works is available on their website: http://www.wellnessworksinschools.com/
According to the website listed above, the curriculum includes:
- Group discussion of selected mindbody health and wellness topics e.g. handling challenging emotions, mental fitness, strength (inner and outer), the nature of anger, resiliency, hope, courage and more.
- Mindfulness skills (focused awareness, attention and concentration) to shift one’s focus from external stimuli to internal awareness and sort out thoughts, emotions and impulses in a non-reactive way
- Healthy breathing promotes slowing down, calming and becoming present
- Mindful movements strengthen the mindbody connection by releasing tension and stress
- Relaxation promotes balance and stability
- Group reflection allows students an opportunity for inquiry and comment
These components are taught in a series of sessions (45-50 minutes in length)
Wellness works also offers teacher programs for professional development, which help teachers respond to their own stress and challenges, and programs for classroom integration teacher training, which will strengthen teachers’ mindfulness skills and deepen their understanding so that they can transfer these skills to their students and classroom environment.
Similar to InnerKids, Wellness Works is strongly influenced by training in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and a continuing connection with the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Center for Mindfulness in Medicine, Health Care and Society.
Wellness Works conducted an observational research study on the effects of their programming on six students. Here is a link to the study: The Effects of Mindful Awareness Teaching Practices in the Wellness Works in Schools TM Program on the Cognitive, Physical and Social Behaviors of Students with Learning and Emotional Disabilities in an Urban, Low Income Middle School.
This study concludes that the data collected strongly supports the positive effects of mindful awareness teaching on student cognitive, physical, and social behaviors for both learning support and emotional support students during mindful awareness lessons. A limitation of this study is that it did not investigate the transference of the positive changes in students’ behaviors to their regular classrooms. If we are able to study the YES! program at West Philadelphia High School, it will be important for us to do just that.
Kinder, M. (2008). Wellness Works in SchoolsTM. Lancaster, PA: Kinder Associates
Additional Programs to be discussed:
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ANNATTO, ANNATTO SEED
Annatto is a tropical American tree whose seeds are used to produce a food coloring used in cheese, margarine, butter, rice and smoked fish. Annatto is widely used in Latin America and the Caribbean cuisines as both a coloring agent and for flavoring. Central and South American Indians used the seeds to make a body paint, and as a lipstick. (also called achiote, and lipstick tree).
Annatto seeds were used extensively by the Caribs of the Caribbean region as body paint.
In the 17th century annatto was being used in Europe in chocolate recipes, and by the 18th century it was being used to color Cheshire Cheese and Leicester Cheese in England. It has practically no flavor so it is a preferred coloring agent. It is also used as a safforn substitute
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September 2, 1996
Ozzie Smith at bat for the last home run of his career with the Cardinals
A panoramic view in St. Louis - Photographer Rob Arra
Step into the old Busch Memorial Stadium, in the last years of a more innocent era! This spectacular print features a panoramic view inside St. Louis' old baseball palace, when the Cardinals' king was still a skinny, light-hitting shortstop Wizard. In what would prove to be both a historic moment, and a harbinger of things to come, the great Ozzie Smith stands at the plate against a future Cardinals star and tragic figure, Darryl Kyle - SNAP! The moment is preserved for all-time, and is now available for your wall!
With this poster, you are transported back to that late summer afternoon, when Ozzie went deep for the 28th and final time of his career. Like all prints in photographer Rob Arra's Everlasting Images series, every detail is in perfect focus, and as you pan across the image you feel like you are there in the Press Box, watching the game unfold. From the "Crown of Arches" above, to the scoreboards, the action on the field and the fans in the stands, it's all here, the classic old stadium, looking great for your wall. This is the perfect item for Cardinals fans, worthy of a nice frame and a prominent space at home or office. A beauty for your wall, and a valuable collector's item for years to come! Note: this poster is now out-of-print; limited quantity remains in our warehouse.
Publisher: Everlasting Images Inc., 1996
Size: 13.5" x 39" Panorama
Condition: Brand New! Printed on high-quality gallery stock.
Price: $44.95 USD
View other great associated items in the following collections:
Item Number: EI260
Busch Stadium "Home Run" (1996) Panorama - Everlasting Images
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Monthly Archives: February 2011
Our job as teachers is to take the mundane, tedious routines and transform them into positive, enriching, nurturing experiences for children. Taking the time to truly listen and make eye contact with that anxious little girl who just can’t keep quiet any longer about her princess movie. Authentically praising that 4 year old boy who just learned how to zip his coat… All by himself! Continue reading
Teachers know all about rules and why they need to be followed! Don’t be late!…Don’t be tardy!…Get your assignment completed on time!….Listen!…Answer!…Move!…Sit down!
Here’s what I like about my on-site courses in Omaha….We break the rules. Continue reading
My school lunches were abysmal. I can seriously still taste the peas (from high school) that were probably tinned when Sputnik orbited the Earth – preserved for the consumption of unsuspecting school children everywhere in the 1970′s. No wonder we plodded our way to a childhood obesity epidemic – even at my old school, many of my students ate muffins, chips and cookies for lunch. Continue reading
What were these two guys about and what was this company they had built from the basement up? I say that with a smile, because Learner’s Edge started in the basement of Joe’s home. Two guys in a basement – who knew? Continue reading
I just hate to see the institution of the Science Fair evaporate. All sorts of skills- interpersonal, presentation, research, source differentiation, even collaboration- are utilized in events that have or had different levels of competition, even. What’s next on the axe- Spelling Bees? Continue reading
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FAIRBANKS, Alaska — Alaska can be a tricky place to produce food. While it's been done for centuries in subsistence cultures, innovations have hindered and helped develop what’s known as Alaska's foodshed.
Two researchers from the University of Alaska Fairbanks on Monday talked what can be done to build the food production of Alaska and other northern lands during a presentation at 15th Annual International Congress of Circumpolar Health. The congress, held every three years, brings together health practitioners, researchers, indigenous leaders and other community representatives from Arctic regions around the globe to discuss research and the pressing health needs in the circumpolar north.
The researchers – Craig Gerlach and Philip Loring – presented an overview of Alaska food systems in both urban and rural areas. What they found is that Alaskans – and all Arctic people – need to diversify their “food portfolio,” particularly with climate change bearing down.
“How vulnerable are these regions?” Gerlach said. “And how may they be vulnerable to things coming down the line?”
Many Arctic regions can't plan to produce specific amounts of food each year, Gerlach noted, because of unpredictable weather and uncertain food supplies. Alaska has seen examples this summer:
- On the Kuskokwim River in western Alaska, villagers defied state regulations that prohibited fishing so minimum king salmon escapements could be met. Without salmon, villagers said, they might go hungry come winter.
- Anglers and commercial salmon fishing in other areas, including the Kenai Peninsula, have been shut down.
- Crops in the Mat-Su valley are weeks behind schedule after cold weather has kept plants from maturing on time.
But rural areas aren't alone in their food woes. Gerlach said 14.5 percent of all Alaskans are food insecure. Even urban areas only have about seven days worth of food on the shelf at any given time. In urban hubs like Fairbanks and Anchorage, food can cost 25 percent more than it does in the Lower 48. But that’s cheap compared to some rural areas, Gerlach said. The last time he was in Fort Yukon, a gallon of milk cost $15.
“I couldn't afford to live in Fort Yukon,” he said.
Expanding food portfolios would help offset some of the costs by diversifying what kind of food can be grown in a region and by looking beyond traditional sources. In both rural and urban Alaska, that means expanded farming and taking a hard look at the rest of Alaska's food supply.
But food portfolios aren’t just about filling bellies, Gerlach said. Food needs to be nutritious and applicable to the culture. When that happens, people can see a reduction of diseases associated with “nutrition transition,” such as diabetes, obesity and heart disease.
He used an example from a colleague in the Lower 48, who watched as members of the Hopi tribe were given food baskets filled with dairy products. Many Natives are lactose intolerant and products like powdered milk were used to mark baseball diamonds instead of being consumed.
Another issue facing food production is regulation. Certain food safety protocols designed for industrial farming operations can be impractical for small farmers, Gerlach said.
“If we want to make it economically viable, we've got to work through food safety,” he said.
In Alaska, where many foods are tricky to produce, Loring said it's important to encourage small-scale production, even in tough times. One year of bad crops in the Mat-Su might not mean there won't be crops next year. But successive years of instability can force producers out, deepening Alaska's food worries.
Contact Suzanna Caldwell at suzanna(at)alaskadispatch.com
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(Healthcare Debate 2007 - Australian for slugfest)
How the rest of the world views Health Care is pretty enlightening. If you get past the notion that the rest of the world thinks we're pretty strange, and that they are actually several years, if not decades ahead of us in the minutiae of Health issues.
During the 2007 elections in Australia, where Labor (center-Left) swept to power after an 11-year run with the Liberal Party (center-Right) falling out of favor with the electorate. I managed to run across a debate regarding the state of Health Care Down Under from October 31, 2007.
Special thanks to my colleague NonnyMouse, who steered me in several right directions in trying to sort out the issues.
This debate, which almost didn't happen, features Shadow Health Minister Nicola Roxon and incumbent Liberal Health Minister Tony Abbott. Abbott, it appeared, had finished delivering a series of Mea Culpas earlier in the day over a remark he made regarding an Asbestos related Cancer sufferer whom he chided for "publicity seeking".
After a 30 minute delay, Abbott appeared in the studio and the debate picked up.
Nicola Roxon (Labor Party): “The future challenges that are facing our health system are significant. We have a growing burden of chronic disease, we have an ageing population, we know that there are increasing costs of new technologies, and there is waste and inefficiency generated by the buck-passing and blame shifting that characterizes Commonwealth/State relations. Honestly, if the Commonwealth/State relationship were a marriage, the partners would be in counseling, the states would be seeking maintenance payment in the courts, and the parties would both have a strong case for divorce on the grounds of mental cruelty.”
Tony Abbott (Liberal Party): “The idea that the Prime Minister could personally run the public hospital system is bizarre. And only in a slightly surreal political contest could Kevin Rudd (Labor PM candidate) have got away with making this bizarre claim. But someone does have to be in charge, that’s absolutely essential. And that person should be responsible to and accountable to local people. Now I think every public hospital should have boards. I don’t say the public hospitals would work perfectly if they had boards, but I tell you what, they’d work a lot better if they had boards, particularly if they had boards with doctors and nurses and former patients on them. The Government will be announcing a major public hospital policy in the next week or so. The details will be revealed then. But I certainly think that every hospital should have a board, and you’ll see what the Governments precise policy is in just a week or so.”
Roxon: “Well, I think the Minister has shown that he really hasn’t got a clear plan at all for what these local boards will deliver for Public Hospitals. In fact, we spent quite a bit of the time on the phone yesterday dealing with the problems that the Minister has created in the takeover with the Mersey Hospital. I’m sure the Minister didn’t particularly want to talk with me, but the Caretaker Conventions require that he does, although he doesn’t need my agreement.”
After the debate it got nasty.
You may wonder why I am including this. It's another country with an established Public Healthcare system (in addition to a private one), and these issues may seemingly not apply to us. The deal is - Every country in the world has some form of Universal Healthcare and we are the only ones on the planet resisting it, mostly out of ignorance or fear brought on by interests not working on behalf of the people they are entrusted to care. To witness other debates from other places, and hear how problems are being solved from other perspectives casts a more informative light on the argument at hand.
And it doesn't hurt to know what other people are doing about it.
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Interim 2009: What’s for Dinner?January 14, 2009
Kohlrabi, swiss chard and celery root; parsnip, fennel and turnip: not a common course of study at most liberal arts colleges. But it’s interim, when the doors of the academy open to classes like What’s for Dinner?, Theory and Practice of Quilting, and Examining the Right to Die. During this shortened three-week term, Calvin students can turn their attention to a specialized topic, explore an interest far afield from their chosen discipline, or both.
In a smart classroom equipped with a video projector, wireless internet and computers, groups of students carefully examine winter vegetables. A projection screen at the front of the room lists basic questions: What is it? What can I do with it? Where and when does it grow? How do you cook it? With the help of Wikipedia and a small “foodie” library, the students decipher vegetables that many have never seen before, let alone eaten.
"So often people don’t eat vegetables because they don’t know what to do with them—they don’t know how to prepare them,” explains instructor Joy-Elizabeth Lawrence. Her goal is not only to demythologize winter veggies, but to prompt students to explore problems and solutions in North American eating habits and food systems. “I want them to ask, ‘How can Christian belief inform my personal decisions about what to eat?’” says Lawrence.
The course includes a guest lecture from a freegan student, readings from Wendell Berry and Michael Pollan and a documentary on Michigan’s asparagus industry. Students are also expected to reflect on their own relationship to food, interacting with all of these ideas in the context of Reformed worldview.
“It’s been really interesting to think about food as a gift,” says first-year student Alyssa Tammeling. “I hope to learn more about nutritious eating … [and] to change the ‘hate’ part of my ‘love-hate’ relationship with food.”
Adds student Rebecca Dorn: “I think sometimes we can end up turning to food rather than turning to God when we’re bored, or feeling sad. It can be a space-filler rather than something that’s good for you.
"I think women tend to have a different relationship with food,” Dorn continues. “I remember starting to feel guilty, or self-conscious, about what I ate towards the end of junior high. I started worrying about what others would think of me, or would think ‘Oh, I shouldn’t have eaten that much.’”
It’s precisely this kind of reflection and self-examination that Lawrence encourages through writing a “food memoir,” one of the course’s assignments.
Developing a Christian Mind
What’s for Dinner? is a “DCM,” or “Developing a Christian Mind” class, designed especially for first-year students to explore the central tenets of Reformed belief.
Alongside food journalism, cultural criticism and agrarian essays, the class reads Cornelius Plantinga Jr.’s Engaging God’s World and applies the concepts therein to issues of food and eating. The day I visited, the class was discussing the creation narrative, exploring Christ’s presence in creation and reading Genesis as a theological story that can tell us about the nature of God.
"Greens provide nutrients,” offers a student, when asked for concrete examples of Plantinga’s tenet creation has purpose. “But sometimes we fill our need for nutrients with vitamin supplements instead.” The class continues to work through themes from the creation account: responsibility and concern for others, loving the world without worshipping it, identifying our place within the created order.
“This is our response to climate change”
The course includes a visit from Anja Mast ’91, an ardent organic farmer who, with her husband, Mike VanderBrug, has created a thriving community-supported farm out of 50 acres of fertile muck in Jenison, Michigan.
At Trillium Haven Farm, Anja and Mike don’t just cultivate vegetables; they cultivate a way for urbanites to connect to their earth—and to their food. “Our members learn to rely on nature in a way they didn’t before,” she says. “After a big hailstorm, for instance, we’ll receive lots of emails—‘How does the farm look?’”
Students learn that members of Trillium Haven Farm receive a share of the harvest each week during the growing season. Many of the vegetables members receive, such as kohlrabi, are not a common part of the American diet, but Anja is quick to assist members by providing recipes for the more unusual produce. In fact, Anja and Mike plan to begin offering cooking classes at the farm in the coming months.
From Theory to Praxis
What’s for Dinner? students will also be entering the kitchen this month. “I wanted the course to be practical as well as theoretical,” says Lawrence. Together they will spend two classes in the kitchen cooking a dinner and introducing students to some simple, healthful, sustainable recipes. “Hopefully,” says Lawrence, “we'll enjoy the fellowship of cooking and eating together, too!”
~by Ashleigh Draft, communications and marketing
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PostgreSQL is designed to be easily extensible. For this reason, extensions loaded into the database can function just like features that are built in. The contrib/ directory shipped with the source code contains several extensions, which are described in Appendix F. Other extensions are developed independently, like PostGIS. Even PostgreSQL replication solutions can be developed externally. For example, Slony-I is a popular master/standby replication solution that is developed independently from the core project.
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The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) has formally standardized the "VC-1" advanced compression scheme that is already being used in new digital video products.
Formal standardization was proposed by Microsoft, who contributed decoder source code and other resources towards development of the process.
Microsoft's implementation of VC-1, called WMV9 or Windows Media Video 9, has been selected for diverse applications such as MovieBeam, the Disney-backed on-demand video service; Modeo, the proposed mobile TV service that Crown Castle plans to launch later this year; and high-definition optical disk formats---both the HD DVD and Blu-ray formats have chosen VC-1 as one of three formats studios can use to deliver their movies in high definition.
Licensing fees will still be required through the SMPTE, and Microsoft will receive royalties for the use of its patents.
"Standardization of VC-1 represents over two years of work by more that 120 individuals representing over 75 media and entertainment companies," says Ingo Hfntsch, Chair of SMPTE?s Video Compression Technology Committee, which oversaw development of the VC-1 standard, ?and many companies throughout the industry have been promoting VC-1 integration for some time now.?
The VC-1 documents are SMPTE 421M-2006, "VC-1 Compressed Video Bitstream Format and Decoding Process" - the Standard itself, as well as two supporting Recommended Practices, SMPTE RP227-2006 "VC-1 Bitstream Transport Encodings" and SMPTE RP228-2006 "VC-1 Decoder and Bitstream Conformance". All three documents can be purchased on the SMPTE website at www.smpte.org.
Microsoft's competitors RealNetworks and Apple have beaten down the path of standardization as well. Apple is pushing for MPEG-4, which forms the basis of its own QuickTime format, to dominate as the next generation multimedia standard. MPEG-4 will also be a supported format on both HD DVD and Blu-ray discs.
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Arctic Refuge 101: What is “ANWR?”
Learn about the place behind the lingo and why conservationists reject the term “ANWR.”
The Arctic Refuge Coastal Plain by Pamela A. Miller.
What is "ANWR"?
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) protects intact ecosystems and vibrant arctic life. Located in the northeast corner of Alaska, it is the only refuge specifically designed for wilderness purposes. It's habitats range from boreal forests, north over the Brooks Range, to sweep across rivers, tundra, lakes, wetlands to coastal lagoons, barrier lands and bays of the Arctic Ocean.
The Arctic Refuge is home to a rich diversity of over 250 species of wildlife and the Gwich'in and Inupiat people. Its spiritual, recreational, aesthetic, historical, cultural, and scientific values make the Arctic Refuge a place worth protecting with the strongest possible measures.
“ANWR” is a 4-letter word!
Places like the Arctic Refuge cannot be explained by acronyms. We find it more respectful and accurate to call the place by its full name.
“The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge should be referred to as such, not ANWR. The acronym is intimately associated with the refuge’s oil resources and, if it is referred to as simply ANWR, we are at risk of losing and discounting the greater values associated with this land.”
- Lynn Greenwalt, Former Director of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
What is Coastal Plain (“1002 Area”)?
Congress designated most of the original refuge as wilderness in 1980 but left out the critical Coastal Plain area-the Refuge’s biological heart. Since then, this area has been repeatedly threatened by dirty oil and gas development and exploration.
A prime value of the Arctic Refuge is its wholeness as a remarkable intact ecosystem connecting migratory pathways and sinuous rivers in watersheds from boreal forests to Brooks Range peaks to rivers flowing northward across tundra to Beaufort Sea coasts. The coastal plain is not an isolated bit of the Arctic Refuge, but a vital beating heart connecting caribou, clean air, pure water, and freedom across time and vast landscapes for future generations.
Our wilderness heritage is part of what makes us American. Wilderness bills pending in Congress will add stronger protection for the Coastal Plain of the Arctic Refuge to keep a promise for future generations and show our commitment to investments in a clean energy future.
History of Protection:
1960: President Eisenhower established the Arctic National Wildlife Range in 1960 “to preserve wilderness, wildlife, and recreation.”
1980: President Carter signed the Alaska Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) which expanded the Arctic Refuge's size, changed its name, and broadened its purposes to include to:
- Conserve fish and wildlife populations and habitats in their natural diversity.
- Fulfill international fish and wildlife treaty obligations of the United States of America.
- Provide the opportunity for continued subsistence uses by local residents.
- Ensure water quality and quantity within the refuge.
2010: The Arctic Refuge celebrated 50 years of bipartisan protection!
Alaskans have played a key role throughout the Refuge's 50-year history. Read more here.
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Re: address pair exploration, flooding and state loss
marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:
so the conclusion is that reboots and lost state have to be detected at
least as fast as what is available today
may be but it does constraint the possible heuristics used for
establishing shim sessions.
Maybe it would be enough to mention that the heuristics for establishing
shim sessions also are used for recover from those situations where the
context has been lost. However, i guess that need to take into account
where the heuristics for establsihing shim sessions are not useful for
recovering from lost state and provide a worst case recovery for this case.
Yes, it makes sense to describe this part of state recovery, and any
implications it has on the recommendations for the heuristics used to
determine when to establish shim state.
so, so far what we have is:
- before a rehoming event, packets may not be identified as belonging to
a shim session. If this is the case, the data packets associated to this
sessions are not useful to detect context loss, so alternative
mechanims, like using the heuristics for establishing shim sessions are
used for recover from this situations
- after a rehoming event, context loss is detected upon the reception of
any packet associated with the shim session, whether signalling packet
or data packet. for that, data packets need to carry at least one bit
that identifies them as belonging to a shim session.
Makes sense to me.
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Keep Britain Tidy NetworkForgotten Password
18 November 2009
Chewing gum is still a massive problem in England with results of a recent survey showing chewing gum related litter on 57% of streets.
13 November 2009
Keep Britain Tidy has been nominated for three awards for the way we communicate on twitter.
11 November 2009
With Children in Need fast approaching there is no doubt that a celebrity fronted charity song will take the charts by storm to raise money for this fantastic campaign, however, did you know that Keep Britain Tidy also has its very own charity record?
09 November 2009
People are just as concerned about the appearance of their street as they are about terrorism, according to a new report.
Eco-Schools received high recognition recently after Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) minister David Kidney cited the programme as key to making all schools sustainable by 2020.
04 November 2009
A hard-hitting poster campaign depicts towns in Oxfordshire drowning under a sea of cigarette butts.
Beautiful towns such as Banbury are portrayed dumped in giant ashtrays to highlight the problem of cigarette litter.
02 November 2009
Today we launch a brand new website for our Green Flag Award scheme for parks!
30 October 2009
The Prince of Wales is backing a campaign by 250,000 volunteers to save Britain's streets from mess and clutter.
29 October 2009
Many of you support our campaign by the work you do in your local community or the way you live your life but did you know that you can sign up to be an official supporter?
28 October 2009
Keep Britain Tidy was the talk of the morning on GMTV as presenter Richard Arnold spoke of his hate of litter.
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- Special Report: Syria's Islamists seize control as moderates dither
- Angelina Jolie stunt double sues News Corp over hacking
- Global shares firm, dollar steady before Fed decision
- Kanye West wins over critics with 'daring' new album 'Yeezus'
- Journalist who brought down U.S. general is killed in Los Angeles car crash
McCain urges Obama join him in town hall meetings
BATON ROUGE, Louisiana |
BATON ROUGE, Louisiana (Reuters) - Republican presidential candidate John McCain proposed on Wednesday that Democrat Barack Obama join him in at least 10 face-to-face encounters at town hall meetings this summer.
Obama's campaign reacted positively to the idea, but suggested a few tweaks.
McCain, a veteran Arizona senator, performs better in the "town hall" format of taking questions from an audience, rather than delivering the set-piece speeches at which Obama, a first-term senator from Illinois, excels.
McCain, whose invitation came the day after Obama clinched the Democratic Party's nomination for the November presidential election, suggested the first meeting be June 11 or 12 in New York's Federal Hall.
"I think the American people want a new kind of debate," he told reporters in Louisiana about his proposal.
"I think they want ... a real chance to express their hopes and dreams and aspirations for the future, and I think they'd like to hear directly from the candidates. So I hope that Senator Obama will quickly agree."
McCain suggested at least 10 of the meetings, to take place once a week, ending right before the Democratic nominating convention in late August, with locations to be determined by the two sides.
The Obama campaign said it was open to the possibility, but called for a slightly different format.
"The idea of joint town halls is appealing and one that would allow a great conversation to take place about the need to change the direction of this country," Obama campaign manager David Plouffe said in a statement.
"We would recommend a format that is less structured and lengthier than the McCain campaign suggests, one that more closely resembles the historic debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas," he said, referring to famous debates in 1858 before the Civil War.
A McCain spokeswoman said in a statement that the campaign managers for both candidates had talked on Wednesday and agreed "in spirit" to the joint appearances.
McCain insisted to reporters that the town hall format be maintained.
"If there is some way to modify the details of it, then I'll be glad to obviously discuss that. But I want a town hall meeting," he said, noting that he would not have won the New Hampshire primary -- the early nominating contest that saved his candidacy -- had he not conducted so many such events.
McCain also suggested the two candidates fly together to the meetings, joking that that would save energy and money.
"I even suggested we travel to them together on the same plane, probably help out on energy savings," he said to applause from an audience in Baton Rouge.
"I know my campaign would agree to it," he said. McCain's fund-raising trails Obama's by a wide margin.
McCain and Obama have both made fighting global warming and cutting down on foreign oil dependence themes of their White House bids.
(Writing by Steve Holland and Jeff Mason; editing by Patricia Zengerle)
(To read more about the U.S. political campaign, visit Reuters "Tales from the Trail: 2008" online at blogs.reuters.com/trail08/ )
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Friday, May 28, 2010
In retrospect, I should not have just posted a video link without actually giving my perspective on the matter and saying which specific arguments in the video convinced me. I should have also specified that my problems with GE organisms were largely outside the scope of the scientific issues you tackled in your original post. Finally, I should have re-viewed the video before posting it because I hadn't seen it in a few months and didn't recall the exact content. Hopefully this response will clear things up.
Allow me to summarize your first post: “all natural” and “organic” are scientifically meaningless, genetic engineering is more efficient than artificial selection; genetic engineering results in lower production costs, fewer pest problems, reduced use of pesticides, and better yields; we need to be vigilant about the over-use of certain pesticides; overall, GE crops are good for people and the planet. I agree with every single point you make except for the conclusion that you reach (good for people and planet). How is it possible that we agree on all these facts and yet reach different conclusions? The answer is that you left out some very important questions about implementation in your analysis.
Unsurprisingly, the same types of greedy corporations that build showers that electrocute soldiers in Iraq and drill for oil without adequate safety measures or contingency plans also do shady things with GE crops that don't show up in scientific studies about crop production and profitability.
For starters, some GE companies sell “terminator seeds”. These seeds only produce one generation of plants because the seeds produced by the first generation are sterile. This is very harmful for impoverished farmers in the third world because they rely on saving seeds from the previous year's crop. Terminator seeds force them to return to agriculture companies year after year in order to buy new seeds. The companies' goal is not to feed the world more efficiently; they are only motivated by profit.
GE crops are patented and many can only be sprayed with patented pesticides that are produced by the same companies that make the seeds. This has resulted in a reduction of competition between pesticide manufacturers which means that the price of pesticide goes up and farming becomes a less viable way to make a living.
Another problem with the patenting of life that occurs with GE crops is that it results in multinational corporations enforcing their patents by suing farmers. Through no fault of their own, these farmers have their crops contaminated by airborne seeds or pollen from neighbouring fields. A famous case of this sort occurred in Canada to a man named Percy Schmeiser. Even though Mr. Schmeiser won his case in the end, he still had to endure a lengthy and expensive legal battle. Other farmers have not been lucky enough to have the resources to wage legal warfare with the army of lawyers employed by the biotech industry.
When one company's GE crop dominates a region then there is a drastic loss of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is an important safe-guard against catastrophic crop failure due to disease, fungus or pests. Crop failure on a large enough scale could result in millions of deaths due to starvation.
GE crops have approximately the same nutritional value as conventional crops. Unfortunately, selective breeding in conventional crops is guilty of causing our food to be less nutritious than it once was. For the entire history of agriculture, plants have been bred for their resistance to environmental factors, quick growth, pleasing appearances and ease of transportation. The most important thing that genetic engineers should be worried about is making sure that the food we eat is more nutritious; not just heartier, bigger and more attractive.
I emphatically agree with you when you say, in summarizing the original post, that “science isn't the enemy.” You've outlined several arguments that demonstrate that there are clear advantages to using GE foods and that the labels 'all natural' and 'organic' rely on consumer ignorance of the naturalistic fallacy. However, while science isn't the enemy, it also isn't the panacea that some make it out to be. Science needs to be reigned in by sound legislation and rigorous regulation in order to protect the environment and future generations of humanity. Despite the fact that his rhetoric is a little over the top and many of his facts related to the science of GE crops are questionable at best, Mr. Smith's recommendations to only grow GE crops indoors and to end the practice of patenting life seem quite reasonable to me. He encourages us to be vigilant of both the scientific and economic dangers involved with GE crops. What better ways could there be to assure cautious progress?
P.S. Spider-goat FTW!
Friday, May 21, 2010
Re: Province to give tax credits for fertility treatments (May 18)
According to Paula Chorney of the Infertility Awareness Association of Canada , "Infertility is a life-stresser that is all-consuming." Is that sort of like the stress that comes with trying to feed a family of four while on welfare?
Instead of subsidizing the birth of more children to the tune of $800,000 per year, our tax dollars should go towards helping children who have already been born – for instance, those living in rural First Nations communities who don't even have access to fundamental essentials such as clean drinking water.
Infertile individuals who desperately want children should consider adoption. I understand that the adoption process is far from easy and the system is far from perfect. Yet, wouldn't it make more sense to spend $800,000 annually on improving the flawed system and making the adoption process less painful?
The government should not be in the business of helping families “do exactly what they've always dreamed of doing.” It should be focused on meeting the basic needs of its citizens. Once it has begun to do an adequate job of that, perhaps we can discuss the subsidization of expensive treatments that allow more rich old white women to get knocked-up.
Thursday, May 20, 2010
Jennifer (wearing a Snuggie):
Dearly beloved, we are gathered here today to join together in matrimony this man and this woman, united in their opposition to political and economic systems of repression and hierarchy; their dedication to class treason and civil disobedience; and their appreciation of the importance of good dental hygiene.
Theirs is a union founded upon a commitment to activism, anti-patriarchy, and the destruction of church and state. They share a kindred passion for egalitarianism, a disgust for heedless consumption, and a reluctance to further burden our already fragile ecosystem through reckless procreation. Today we celebrate their hopes, dreams and aspirations as they unite in a marriage of pragmatism and convenience, of possible monetary benefit, and of admitted probable impermanence.
Let us open this ceremony by inviting Amanda, the maid of honour, to come forward and read a passage that means a great deal to the happy couple. Amanda will be reading an excerpt from Emma Goldman's writings on love and marriage, found in her 1917 “Anarchism and Other Essays.”
Amanda (as a giant banana):
Free love? As if love is anything but free! Man has bought brains, but all the millions in the world have failed to buy love. Man has subdued bodies, but all the power on earth has been unable to subdue love. Man has conquered whole nations, but all his armies could not conquer love. Man has chained and fettered the spirit, but he has been utterly helpless before love. High on a throne, with all the splendour and pomp his gold can command, man is yet poor and desolate, if love passes him by. And if it stays, the poorest hovel is radiant with warmth, with life and colour. Thus love has the magic power to make of a beggar a king. Yes, love is free; it can dwell in no other atmosphere. In freedom it gives itself unreservedly, abundantly, completely. All the laws on the statutes, all the courts in the universe, cannot tear it from the soil, once love has taken root. If, however, the soil is sterile, how can marriage make it bear fruit? It is like the last desperate struggle of fleeting life against death.
Love, the strongest and deepest element in all life, the harbinger of hope, of joy, of ecstasy; love, the defier of all laws, of all conventions; love, the freest, the most powerful moulder of human destiny; how can such an all-compelling force be synonymous with that poor little State and Church-begotten weed, marriage?
Thank you, Amanda. And now I'd like to call forward the best man, Kelsey, who will be reading a passage from Deuteronomy, chapter 22, verses 13-30.
Kelsey (as Waldo):
Suppose a man marries a young woman, and later decides he doesn't want her. So he makes up false charges against her, accusing her of not being a virgin when they got married. If this happens, the young woman's parents are to take the bloodstained wedding sheet that proves she was a virgin, and they are to show it in court to the town leaders. Her father will say to them, “I gave my daughter to this man in marriage, and now he doesn't want her. He has made false charges against her, saying that she was not a virgin when he married her. But here is the proof that my daughter was a virgin; look at the bloodstains on this wedding sheet!” Then the town leaders are to take the husband and beat him. They are also to fine him a hundred pieces of silver and give the money to the young woman's father, because the man has brought disgrace on an Israelite woman. Moreover, she will continue to be his wife, and he can never divorce her for as long as he lives.
But if the charge is true and there is no proof that she was a virgin, then they are to take her out to the entrance of her father's house, where the men of the city are to stone her to death. She has done a shameful thing among our people by having intercourse before she was married, while she was still living in her father's house. In this way, you will get rid of this evil.
If a man is caught having intercourse with another man's wife, both of them are to be put to death. In this way, you will get rid of this evil.
Suppose a man is caught in a town having intercourse with a young woman who is engaged to someone else. You are to take them outside the town and stone them to death. She is to die because she did not cry out for help, although she was in a town, where she could have been heard. And the man is to die because he had intercourse with someone who was engaged. In this way you will get rid of this evil.
Suppose a young man out in the countryside rapes a young woman who is engaged to someone else. Then only the man is to be put to death; nothing is to be done to the woman, because she has not committed a sin worthy of death. This case is the same as when one man attacks another man and murders him. The man raped the engaged woman in the countryside, and although she cried for help, there was no one to help her.
Suppose a man is caught raping a young woman who is not engaged. He is to pay her father the bride price of fifty pieces of silver, and she is to become his wife, because he forced her to have intercourse with him. He can never divorce her as long as he lives.
No man is to disgrace his father by having intercourse with any of his father's wives.
Thank you, Kelsey. (To Jacquie and Rob) May those words from the Good Book provide you with comfort, direction and guidance as you embark on your life's journey together.
(To the camera/congregation) And now, the couple will read vows that they themselves have prepared. (Rob passes his bouquet to Kelsey)
Jacquie (as Rob Halford):
I, Jacquie, take you, Rob, to be my lawfully wedded husband, to have, to hold and to financially support from this day forward, for better or for worse, for richer or for poorer, in sickness and in health, until such a time as our political paradigms become incompatible and we amicably part, resolving to remain friends and to set each other up with other fellow radicals who could help us continue The Plan.
I promise to share with you my joy and my sorrows, my successes and failures, and also my access to health and dental benefits, including but not limited to 70% of eligible prescription drugs, 70% of paramedical services such as massage therapy and naturopathy, 100% of contact lens or eyeglass expenses up to a maximum of $125/year, and basic insurance coverage for accidental death or dismemberment.
I promise to love you, comfort you, and keep you, for as long as we both find the relationship sufficiently fulfilling to justify its continued existence. This is my solemn vow
Rob (wearing a white lace wedding dress):
I Robert, ask you, Jacquie, to be my lawfully wedded wife. I promise to give according to my abilities and take only according to my needs. I promise to be your equal partner and respect and nurture you without infringing upon your sense of personal identity. I promise that I will respect your agency and never demand any form of obedience from you. I promise to stay married to you for as long as our partnership continues to be mutually beneficial. I promise to save the world, bit by bit, every day, according to the tenets of The Plan. Finally, I promise to utilize a multi-systems analysis that encompasses radical perspectives on gender, sexuality, race and class when debating and theorizing about issues of pronounced political import. This is my solemn vow.
(To Amanda) May I have the rings, please?
In keeping with the declarations you have made, you give and you receive these rings. Jacquie, will you place this ring on Rob's finger and repeat after me: With this ring, I thee wed.
Jacquie: With this ring, I thee wed.
Rob, will you place this ring onto Jacquie's finger and repeat after me: With this ring, I thee wed.
Rob: With this ring, I thee wed.
I now call upon the wedding couple and their witnesses to make this legal as we sign the marriage registry. As we do so, Kelsey will serenade us with a song of great significance to the bride and groom, originally composed by the self-appointed gods of metal, Judas Priest.
(Jacquie and Rob sign the registry, followed by Amanda. Amanda takes the registry and pen over to Kelsey, who then signs it, and resumes playing “Breaking the Law”.)
Thank you, Kelsey. Jacquie and Rob, having witnessed your vows for each other with all who have assembled here, I now solemnize this marriage: by the power vested in me, however unwisely, by the Province of Manitoba, I now pronounce you husband and wife. You may kiss the bride.
Tuesday, May 4, 2010
"Yeah, yeah. We've heard it all before. What's your point? Why not tell us something new? Something novel? Something fun? Something entertaining?"
Because nothing matters quite as much as the fact that we are at war. Perhaps its main rival for the title of Shit You Should Put Down Your Latté and Think About for One Fucking Second is the fact that we are so numb to the war that we can carry out our lives without being bothered by it. When is the last time you talked to someone about the war? And I mean really talked about it, not just tsk tsking about the handful of Canadian Forces soldiers that died that week. An important topic of discussion could be the fact that dead Canadian soldiers get no less than seven articles about them whereas dozens of dead Afghans are lucky to get a one paragraph blurb. By 2011 (when Harper has pinkey swore that we'll leave Afghanistan), approximately $11.3 billion of our tax dollars will have been squandered on the war. People gripe about how much money was spent on the H1N1 pandemic scare, but that was only $1 billion! And it was meant to save lives!
Don't think it's any easier for me to talk about this war stuff than it is for you to read it. Every time I hear about another dead body (regardless of nationality) as a result of this completely unjustified clusterfuck of a war it hurts. I literally ache. My head pounds and my guts tie themselved in knots. Writing about it is even worse. The pain is worth it if I can shake a few people from complacency and make them as angry as I am.
Now that we're all good and pissed off, what can we do about it? You can march in the Peace Walk, or, better yet, help organize/promote it. That's a good place to start. You'll learn a little about the challenges we face on the road to achieving peace in Afghanistan and in the rest of the world. You'll meet your fellow bleeding-heart citizens and can cry on each other's shoulders or shout angrily in unison. Demonstrations of this type are largely symbolic acts, but it's a fine place to start.
Next, you can decide to never vote for a Liberal (they got us into the war) or a Conservative (they kept us there) for as long as you live. There's a whole hell of a lot wrong with both parties, but if you want to hang your hat on one issue then the war is a worthy choice.
Next, go to consciencecanada.ca and read about what else you can do to help stop the war.
Finally, talk about it. Bring it up in every day conversation with the people you would interact with anyways. Try it for a day. Try it for a week. Sure, it will be awkward. Maybe even embarassing. But shouldn't we feel awkward, embarassed and utterly ashamed of the blood that coats our conspicuously idle hands? To feel anything less would be inhuman.
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Imagine, for a moment, that you are a goalie. Make it one of the better high school goalies in the state. It’s an intense game and your defense has been burned by the opposing team, now rushing down the ice toward you. You rotate your shoulders and get set, remaining square to the puck in the middle of the net. You’re ready for the shooter. As the puck screams toward you, you reach out to grab it – without a hand.
Impossible? Not for Caitlin Tate, a goalie for Park High School in Cottage Grove. Born with only a portion of her right forearm, Caitlin wears a prosthesis that fits into a specially made goalie glove, with which she has become a high school star in the making. “She never seems self-conscious,” says her goalie coach, Mike Moline. “If you saw her on the ice, you wouldn’t even know.”
For her part, Caitlin has never known what it is like to have two hands. Her dad, Dirk Tate, recalls when she learned to tie her shoes. “I remember thinking, ‘I don’t think I could do it!’ She learned to do that quickly, and all the other tasks that we take for granted,” he says. “We don’t even think about it anymore – she pretty much does everything.”
Caitlin’s can-do attitude stems in part from strong family roots, out of which sprouts a competitive drive. Dirk and his wife Julie’s youngest child and only daughter grew up watching big brothers Daniel and Alex play hockey. When she was eight years old, Caitlin saw no reason why she couldn’t play, too.
What was logical thinking to young Caitlin required creativity on the part of her parents. “We had to think, ‘How are we going to make this work?’” says Dirk. The question was answered by the Minneapolis Shriner’s Hospital, which built Caitlin a special prosthesis, placing a hook on the end so she could loop it around her stick.
Not long after her start as a forward, Caitlin decided she wanted to play goalie like her big brother Daniel. Never ones to say never, the Tates returned to Shriner’s with a goalie glove in hand. Their response, says Dirk, was, “‘Wow, we’ve never done this before,’ and they figured it out.”
Caitlin was able to slide her forearm into the new prosthesis, which had two fingers that slid into a special goalie glove with the deepest pocket possible. Caitlin remembers the awkwardness of that first rendition. “It slid around on my arm and they were afraid it would fall off,” she says. To guard against that, a strap was added that went around Caitlin’s shoulder – and didn’t work very well.
Since then, Caitlin has been back to Shriner’s for many upgrades and fittings as she has grown. For the past three years she has enjoyed what she calls “the right fit,” as well as a sense of gratitude she and her parents share for Shriner’s Hospital, which has provided all of her orthopedic care free of charge.
While her prosthesis allows her to play hockey, Caitlin does not use one in her daily life. “When I was younger my parents had me wear one. I guess I hit my brothers with it,” she says with a laugh. She stores her gloved prosthesis along with her other equipment in her hockey bag. A practical, essential means to an end.
Practicality aside, Caitlin admits she went through a period when she was self-conscious about her uniqueness. “Growing up, I was embarrassed,” she says. “You just want to fit in, and I was different.”
Looking back, she sees how her struggles helped her become more tenacious, particularly when she began to excel at hockey. “People would ask, ‘How do you do that?’” she says. When kids marveled at the fact that she could play better with one hand than they could with two, she began to see herself in a new, more self-assured light.
“Caitlin would be the starting goalie at 90 percent of high schools if she wasn’t at Park. She’s that good. She’ll own the net when she’s a senior.”
She owes some of the credit to Moline, who has coached the girl he affectionately calls “Tater” and “Tater Tot” since she first started in the net. “She does an unbelievable job – she’s an inspirational kid,” he says.
A goalie trainer for the Cottage Grove Athletic Association and the Park girls’ hockey team’s goalie coach for the past seven years, Moline learned early on that Caitlin did not want special treatment. When he gave her permission to cut corners during a difficult drill, he remembers her politely but firmly saying, “No, Mike, I can do it.”
Using Caitlin’s prosthesis in the net requires anticipation. “I have to estimate where the puck is going to be and act like I have a hand there,” she says.
“I made a mistake singling her out. I treat her the same way I do the other goalies,” says Moline, who nevertheless focuses more diligently on certain aspects of Catilin’s game. “She has to work hard to overcome not being able to catch a puck,” he explains, equating the challenge to holding a ballpoint pen in the air, tossing up a tennis ball and trying to swipe at it with the pen, adding another several inches to account for the prosthesis and glove.
To compensate, says Moline, “She’s very quick in the rebound lane. She can get down and cover the puck quicker than most goalies I’ve seen. With training and thousands of pucks shot at her, she now minimizes the rebound and makes more bread-basket saves and catches more pucks. I think it makes her better.”
While repetition breeds muscle memory, all of the skills training in the world is useless if a player doesn’t have the drive to compete – something Caitlin has never lacked. “She’s got a competitive fire in her belly,” says Moline. “She never wants to quit.”
Other girls in her situation may have thrown in the towel long ago. Once again this year, Caitlin, a junior, is playing behind Allie Morse, a senior Moline calls “one of the best goalies in the country in her age group.” In 2009, Allie and Caitlin were two of only 12 goalies selected from throughout the state for the Minnesota Hockey Girls Advanced 15 National Development Camp in Mankato. “Caitlin would be the starting goalie at 90 percent of high schools if she wasn’t at Park. She’s that good. She’ll own the net when she’s a senior,” he says.
As for life after hockey – is there such a thing? – Moline is unwavering in his belief that Caitlin will be successful no matter what she does. “She wants to be an actress, and I have no doubt she will. She lights up a room when she walks in. Life’s all about having fun – she just lives it – and everybody loves her,” says Moline, adding that with Caitlin, “God touched that family in a special way.”
Her dad wholeheartedly agrees. “She is a very lovely girl,” he says. “It never ceases to amaze me what she has been able to accomplish.”
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<urn:uuid:23bb3074-73d8-43cc-bf93-dcdcd556d199>
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AKA Carlo Ponzi
Birthplace: Parma, Italy
Location of death: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Cause of death: Cerebral Hemorrhage
Remains: Buried, unmarked grave, Pauperís Cemetery, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Religion: Roman Catholic
Race or Ethnicity: White
Sexual orientation: Straight
Executive summary: Get-rich-quick schemes
Charles Ponzi, alias Charles Bianchi or Charles Borelli, was an Italian immigrant to Canada, where he was convicted of forgery in a scandal that brought down Zrossi & Company, a Montreal banking firm. He was sentenced to three years in prison, but served only twenty months before being released. Within weeks he was arrested again, this time for smuggling illegal aliens from Italy into the United States. He was jailed for two years in a federal prison in Georgia, and after serving his sentence he settled in Boston, where he operated the famous swindle that now bears his name -- the Ponzi scheme.
Ponzi established the Securities Exchange Company, a one-man operation that offered coupons reflecting a purported investment in international reply coupons (IRCs). IRCs are legitimately sold in the postal facilities of many nations, intended to be enclosed with international correspondence and redeemed for return postage from the recipient's nation. At the time, IRCs were sold for a fraction of a cent less than the price of the stamps they could be redeemed for, so the plan's profitability seemed plausible to investors. In reality, though, the profit margin was so slim it would take millions of IRCs to make just a few dollars, but Ponzi promised his customers a 50% profit on their investment, payable in ninety days.
His coupons sold so briskly that Ponzi was able to make his first few rounds of payment to investors in only 45 days instead of 90, so word about the coupons spread quickly, and more and more people invested. He had started his business with a loan of $200, but within months he had two offices in Boston with a staff of dozens of employees processing sales, and he bought a modest mansion for the then-staggering sum of $35,000. Of course, there were no actual profits -- Ponzi had not actually bought the IRCs, only promised to, and he paid early investors with the funds derived from later investors. By the time the scheme collapsed his income was estimated at $1M per week, and latecoming investors were defrauded of between $7-$15M. Most of Ponzi's ill-gotten gains were seized in an involuntary bankruptcy hearing, and what little remained was spent in his subsequent legal battles.
Ponzi was charged with 86 counts of mail fraud, tried, and sentenced to five years in federal prison, and while jailed on federal charges he was prosecuted again on state charges in Massachusetts. Ponzi claimed that this violated his protection against double jeopardy and took the case all the way to the US Supreme Court, which ruled that both the state and federal government had jurisdiction, thus allowing Ponzi's re-prosecution. In a state trial held while Ponzi was in federal prison, he was convicted again, and sentenced to seven to nine years in state prison. When released from federal prison, he sought bail to appeal his state conviction, and when bail was granted he fled to Florida -- where he launched another pyramid scheme, selling real estate that was literally underwater.
He then attempted to return to Italy, booking passage on a ship from Tampa to Rome, but when the ship made a scheduled stop in New Orleans, Ponzi was arrested -- kidnapped, essentially, by a Texas deputy acting outside his jurisdiction and without an arrest warrant. Ponzi was then taken to Texas and extradited to Massachusetts, where he was jailed until 1934. Upon release he was deported as an undesirable alien to Italy, where he wrote and self-published an autobiography. He later resettled in Brazil, where he worked as an English language teacher, and died with barely enough funds to pay for his burial.
Wife: Rose Guecco Ponzi (m. Feb-1918, div. 1937)
Forgery Montreal, Canada (1909)
Mail Fraud Boston, MA (1921)
Fraud Tampa, FL (1927)
Deported from United States to Italy (1934)
Securities Exchange Company Founder & President (1919-20)
Author of books:
Meet Mr. Ponzi (1935)
Do you know something we don't?
Submit a correction or make a comment about this profile
Copyright ©2013 Soylent Communications
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“Sacrifice” is the surrender of a greater value for the sake of a lesser one or of a nonvalue. Thus, altruism gauges a man’s virtue by the degree to which he surrenders, renounces or betrays his values (since help to a stranger or an enemy is regarded as more virtuous, less “selfish,” than help to those one loves). The rational principle of conduct is the exact opposite: always act in accordance with the hierarchy of your values, and never sacrifice a greater value to a lesser one.
This applies to all choices, including one’s actions toward other men. It requires that one possess a defined hierarchy of rational values (values chosen and validated by a rational standard). Without such a hierarchy, neither rational conduct nor considered value judgments nor moral choices are possible.
“Sacrifice” does not mean the rejection of the worthless, but of the precious. “Sacrifice” does not mean the rejection of the evil for the sake of the good, but of the good for the sake of the evil. “Sacrifice” is the surrender of that which you value in favor of that which you don’t.
If you exchange a penny for a dollar, it is not a sacrifice; if you exchange a dollar for a penny, it is. If you achieve the career you wanted, after years of struggle, it is not a sacrifice; if you then renounce it for the sake of a rival, it is. If you own a bottle of milk and give it to your starving child, it is not a sacrifice; if you give it to your neighbor’s child and let your own die, it is.
If you give money to help a friend, it is not a sacrifice; if you give it to a worthless stranger, it is. If you give your friend a sum you can afford, it is not a sacrifice; if you give him money at the cost of your own discomfort, it is only a partial virtue, according to this sort of moral standard; if you give him money at the cost of disaster to yourself—that is the virtue of sacrifice in full.
If you renounce all personal desires and dedicate your life to those you love, you do not achieve full virtue: you still retain a value of your own, which is your love. If you devote your life to random strangers, it is an act of greater virtue. If you devote your life to serving men you hate—that is the greatest of the virtues you can practice.
A sacrifice is the surrender of a value. Full sacrifice is full surrender of all values. If you wish to achieve full virtue, you must seek no gratitude in return for your sacrifice, no praise, no love, no admiration, no self-esteem, not even the pride of being virtuous; the faintest trace of any gain dilutes your virtue. If you pursue a course of action that does not taint your life by any joy, that brings you no value in matter, no value in spirit, no gain, no profit, no reward—if you achieve this state of total zero, you have achieved the ideal of moral perfection.
You are told that moral perfection is impossible to man—and, by this standard, it is. You cannot achieve it so long as you live, but the value of your life and of your person is gauged by how closely you succeed in approaching that ideal zero which is death.
If you start, however, as a passionless blank, as a vegetable seeking to be eaten, with no values to reject and no wishes to renounce, you will not win the crown of sacrifice. It is not a sacrifice to renounce the unwanted. It is not a sacrifice to give your life for others, if death is your personal desire. To achieve the virtue of sacrifice, you must want to live, you must love it, you must burn with passion for this earth and for all the splendor it can give you—you must feel the twist of every knife as it slashes your desires away from your reach and drains your love out of your body. It is not mere death that the morality of sacrifice holds out to you as an ideal, but death by slow torture.
Do not remind me that it pertains only to this life on earth. I am concerned with no other. Neither are you.
If you wish to save the last of your dignity, do not call your best actions a “sacrifice”: that term brands you as immoral. If a mother buys food for her hungry child rather than a hat for herself, it is not a sacrifice: she values the child higher than the hat; but it is a sacrifice to the kind of mother whose higher value is the hat, who would prefer her child to starve and feeds him only from a sense of duty. If a man dies fighting for his own freedom, it is not a sacrifice: he is not willing to live as a slave; but it is a sacrifice to the kind of man who’s willing. If a man refuses to sell his convictions, it is not a sacrifice, unless he is the sort of man who has no convictions.
Sacrifice could be proper only for those who have nothing to sacrifice—no values, no standards, no judgment—those whose desires are irrational whims, blindly conceived and lightly surrendered. For a man of moral stature, whose desires are born of rational values, sacrifice is the surrender of the right to the wrong, of the good to the evil.
The creed of sacrifice is a morality for the immoral—a morality that declares its own bankruptcy by confessing that it can’t impart to men any personal stake in virtues or values, and that their souls are sewers of depravity, which they must be taught to sacrifice. By its own confession, it is impotent to teach men to be good and can only subject them to constant punishment.
Concern for the welfare of those one loves is a rational part of one’s selfish interests. If a man who is passionately in love with his wife spends a fortune to cure her of a dangerous illness, it would be absurd to claim that he does it as a “sacrifice” for her sake, not his own, and that it makes no difference to him, personally and selfishly, whether she lives or dies.
Any action that a man undertakes for the benefit of those he loves is not a sacrifice if, in the hierarchy of his values, in the total context of the choices open to him, it achieves that which is of greatest personal (and rational) importance to him. In the above example, his wife’s survival is of greater value to the husband than anything else that his money could buy, it is of greatest importance to his own happiness and, therefore, his action is not a sacrifice.
But suppose he let her die in order to spend his money on saving the lives of ten other women, none of whom meant anything to him—as the ethics of altruism would require. That would be a sacrifice. Here the difference between Objectivism and altruism can be seen most clearly: if sacrifice is the moral principle of action, then that husband should sacrifice his wife for the sake of ten other women. What distinguishes the wife from the ten others? Nothing but her value to the husband who has to make the choice—nothing but the fact that his happiness requires her survival.
The Objectivist ethics would tell him: your highest moral purpose is the achievement of your own happiness, your money is yours, use it to save your wife, that is your moral right and your rational, moral choice.
The failure to give to a man what had never belonged to him can hardly be described as “sacrificing his interests.”
It stands to reason that where there’s sacrifice, there’s someone collecting sacrificial offerings. Where there’s service, there’s someone being served. The man who speaks to you of sacrifice, speaks of slaves and masters. And intends to be the master.
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LOCK HAVEN, Pa. - The public is invited to attend a program at Lock Haven University focusing on the topic “Health Care in America: Is it Ethical or Sustainable?” The Forum on Health care will be held in the Hall of Flags on the LHU campus on Tuesday, September 15 at 7 p.m. There is no charge for this event.Lock Haven University is a member of the Pennsylvania State
System of Higher Education (PASSHE), the largest provider of higher education in
the commonwealth. Its 14 universities offer more than 250 degree and certificate
programs in more than 120 areas of study. Nearly 405,000 system alumni live and
work in Pennsylvania.
Drawing on 30 years of training and practice experience in five states and five countries, primary care physician Paul Simpson will discuss ethical considerations relating to the current state of American health care. He will consider the challenges Americans face in providing and accessing health care before suggesting solutions to some of the major problems we face.
Paul K. Simpson, M.D. is a primary care physician at Clinton Medical Associates in Mill Hall, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the University of Texas Medical School at San Antonio in 1979 and completed Internal Medicine training at Barnes Hospital in St Louis in 1982. Before moving to Pennsylvania in 2000 He had lived in Alaska, California, and Texas. His career has included work in small private practices, HMOs, hospital-owned groups, and corporate medical groups of 12-400 physicians.
The Forum on Health Care is sponsored by The Ethics Center and The Conversation on Issues Forum by the Sociology Program.
For more information, contact Dr. Joan Whitman Hoff (484-2642) or Dr. Zak Hossain (484-2133).
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Generally, soil conditions are very dry in Washington County. High winds early in the week of April 23, 2012, greatly stressed vine crops (melons).
Pastures are critically short of moisture and need rain, as do most fields undergoing land preparation. Several fields of wheat are diseased. Approximately 150 acres of Pioneer wheat didn’t vernalize and will be a total loss.
Also, two coastal bermuda hay fields are reported to have large numbers of large army worms and leaf-hoppers. Many producers are feeding this year’s ryegrass and oat hay while grass is short.
For the most part, planting has stopped until the next rain event. There is no appreciable moisture to a depth of 2 inches on most well drained sites. Submitted by Andy Andreasen, Washington County Extension Director
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By: ISU Communications and Marketing Staff
August 19, 2010
Without a major financial boost, a 2010 Indiana State alumnus admits it would have been difficult to present research at a Virginia university this summer.
Ryan Hancock, originally from Brook, Ind., received one of the Animal Behavior Society's Turner Awards, co-managed by Indiana University's Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior and funded by the National Science Foundation.
The nearly $1,000 gift offsets travel costs to the society's annual meeting, which was held this summer at William and Mary College in Williamsburg, Va., in hopes of increasing undergraduate participation. In July, Hancock and research mentor Diana Hews, Indiana State associate professor of biology, shared their findings about the patterns of brain size in tree lizards.
"It's a good place to meet a lot of different people and learn about different kinds of research," Hancock said.
This was the first year anyone from Indiana State applied for the award, said Emilia Martins, a biology professor at IU's Bloomington campus who oversees the program. The award is named after Charles Turner, one of the first African American animal behavior researchers.
Hews knew Hancock from class and said he was very dependable, a good quality in a research partner.
"I was very enthusiastic to have the opportunity to work with him because I already knew he was a reliable person," she said.
Hews co-wrote the research Hancock presented, titled "Hippocampal volumes differ between male morphs and females in the ornate tree lizard," along with David Kabelik, a professor at Rhodes College in Memphis, Tenn.
Their research found that, in tree lizards, two male "morphs" differ in the size of the hippocampus, suggesting differences in the way this brain region functions. The hippocampus is involved in spatial memory and learning. Morphs refers to the occurrence of two or more forms within a species. For instance, some male tree lizards are territorial and defend specific turfs, while others wander widely in no particular area.
The territorial lizards also have much greater muscle mass, which may aid in defending territories, according to Hews. She compared them to "an Arnold Schwarzenegger of the lizard world." In contrast, the wanderers are relatively "skinny." She speculated that moving a lighter body around may be less energetically costly for these roaming types.
Unexpectedly, they found that whole brain size differed between the male types. Specific to their original research aim, they also found that hippocampus size is larger in one morph than the other, even controlling for differences in overall brain size. Hews and Hancock did not expect to find a difference in whole brain size between the two males - the non-territorial's brains being larger.
While research presentations in local venues such as Indiana State usually draw fewer specialists within a research field, Hews said, national conferences provide opportunities for scientists to network with other researchers with the same interests.
"More broadly, the ‘national stage' is ‘the real thing,'" Hews said. "The overall caliber of discourse is extremely high, and the level of expectation that others have when interacting with the research partners at the conference is much higher than one might experience locally."
Hancock said he received mostly positive feedback. A few researchers offered other ideas on how to measure brain size.
He would like to increase the project sample size and continue research, but is now focused on medical school. Hancock is attending the Indiana University School of Medicine through the Rural Health Program offered by Indiana State.
Ryan Hancock and ISU Associate Professor of Biology Diana Hews present their research during Animal Behavior Society's annual meeting.
Contact: Diana Hews, associate professor of biology, Indiana State University, 812-237-8352 or Diana.Hews@indstate.edu
Writer: Nick Hedrick, media relations assistant, Indiana State University, Communications and Marketing, 812-237-3773 or email@example.com
Ryan Hancock received an Animal Behavior Society’s Turner Awards to present research.
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December 9, 2010
Cunard appoints its first woman Captain
Danish-born Inger Klein Olsen made history December 1 when she assumed command of Cunard Line's Queen Victoria, becoming Cunard's first woman Captain.
Captain Olsen's first task in her new role was to take the ship, without passengers, to the Blohm + Voss Elbe 17 dry dock in Hamburg for its planned refit. Next Wednesday, December 15, she will be on the bridge as the ship sets sail with a full complement of guests.
Forty-three-year-old Captain Olsen was raised in the Faroe Islands and joined Cunard in 1997 as First Officer on board Caronia. In 2001 she transferred to the Seabourn fleet, which at that time was part of Cunard. She sailed on Seabourn Sun and Seabourn Spirit before being promoted to the rank of Staff Captain on Seabourn Pride in 2003.
Following some years with other companies within the Carnival Corporation group, Captain Olsen returned to Cunard in August this year as Deputy Captain of Queen Victoria.
"While we are far from being the first shipping company to have a female captain, it is nonetheless noteworthy when such a long-established British institution as Cunard makes a break with its captaincy tradition," said Peter Shanks, president of Cunard.
Captain Olsen will helm Queen Victoria during the ship's first Americas season, commencing from New York to Los Angeles on January 13. During the first 17-day voyage, the ship will call on Ft. Lauderdale and Bonaire, transit the Panama Canal, and visit three ports in Mexico - Huatulco, Acapulco and Manzanillo - before arriving into Los Angeles on 30 January. Captain Olsen will take her leave on 13 February.
Queen Victoria's Americas season continues until March 18 and features several transits through the Panama Canal, four calls to Los Angeles, two roundtrip voyages from Los Angeles to Hawaii, and one Getaway voyage to Mexico.
Captain Olsen lives in Denmark.
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"The economy must serve people, not the other way around."
These words, from the USCCB's themes of Catholic social teaching, seemed to be at the heart of a letter the chairman of the U.S. Bishops' Committee on Domestic Justice and Human Development wrote today urging Congress to continue unemployment compensation and protect the jobless and their families. This message is especially resonant as Congress debates over extending federal unemployment benefits, which, without an extension, will expire for many people starting January 1.
"The U.S. Catholic bishops have long advocated that the most effective way to build a just economy is the availability of decent work at decent wages," Bishop Stephen Blaire wrote to the House of Representatives. "When the economy fails to generate sufficient jobs, there is a moral obligation to help protect the life and dignity of unemployed workers and their families."
Bishop Blaire also advised the House to "consider the moral and human consequences of your decisions on the most vulnerable among us, especially unemployed workers and their families."
A New York Times editorial today also cites the importance of continuing the benefits. Though the House has proposed a bill that will extend benefits for one year, the bill would likely cut social spending and call for many burdensome requirements on those applying for unemployment benefits.
“Curtailing jobless benefits makes sense once hiring is clearly on the rebound, which is not yet the case,” the editorial states. “Joblessness remains high, not because the unemployed are lazy or on drugs, but because there are too many applicants for too few jobs. Labor statistics show that if all the job openings in America were filled tomorrow, nearly 10 million people would still be unemployed. That works out to about four jobless workers for every opening. In a normal job market, the expected ratio would be about one to one.”
Under the House's bill, says the Times, cuts would prevent millions of struggling people from having money to spend. This lack of consumer spending would continue to weaken our still-fragile economy.
However, the Federal Reserve says that it won’t do anything new to expand the economy this year, saying that the country is slowly but surely making economic progress on its own.
The Federal Reserve doesn’t seem too concerned with boosting economic growth. Let’s hope then that the federal government will heed the bishops’ call and show some concern for those who continue to be affected by unemployment.
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Rendezvous (computer science)
in computer science designates a rendezvous a variant of the synchronous interprocess communication. A rendezvous is a edge contact between two concurrent processes for the delivery of data, whereby the sending process in a certain place of its program waits to the receiving process the data fetched. Turned around (blocked) the receiver, if he needs the data, waits so long, until the transmitter makes the data available.
This corresponds to a synchronous transmission of news with blocking receipt in a network, with which the receiver waits until he gets data, and the transmitter waits after sending the message away, until the receiver confirmed the receipt.
If the delivery does not take place after a given time, the process with an error (Timeout) can break off.
The name „rendezvous “ is due to the similarity with an appointment for the delivery of an object in the everyday life. The procedure corresponds to the behavior, which one observes for example with a key delivery: both persons must be present, so that the delivery can take place. Who comes first, must wait until also the other one is there. The Timeout corresponds to the situation, in which the waiting gives up, because the other one does not appear for longer time. Then the delivery failed.
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Last modified: 2011-05-13 by ivan sache
Keywords: ille-et-vilaine | cancale | ship: terre-neuva | oyster | eagle: double-headed (black) | cross (green) | letters: aplc (blue) | cross (blue) |
Links: FOTW homepage | search | disclaimer and copyright | write us | mirrors
Flag of Cancale - Image by Ivan Sache & Pascal Vagnat, 25 June 2001
The municipality of Cancale (5,293 inhabitants in 2007; 1,300 ha) is located 15 km east of Saint-Malo, at the western end of Mont-Saint-Michel Bay.
Cancale, allegedly founded in 545 by St. Méen (the Welsh monk Conald Mewen), was mentioned for the first time in 1032, as Cancavene, when Duke of Brittany Alan III transferred the domain of Cancavene, the port of Porz Pican and the St. Méen church to the abbey of Mont-Saint-Michel. The name of Cancavene was probably derived from two Breton words, conq, "a cove", and aven, "a river". In the Middle Ages, Cancale belonged to the lord of Plessis-Bertrand, whose castle, located in Saint-Coulomb, was destroyed at the end of the 16th century. The last lord of Cancale, Magon de la Lande, was beheaded in 1793.
At the end of the 17th century, Vauban, considering Cancale as the weakest point in the defense of Saint-Malo, ordered to build new batteries. In 1704, Siméon Garengeau planned to build a small fortress on the Rimains islet, located off Cancale, which was not done. On 4 June 1758, during the Seven Years' Wars, an English fleet made of 115 vessels bombed Cancale and the coastal defenses, allowing the landing of 20,000 soldiers commanded by the Duke of Marlborough, who besieged Saint-Malo and burned the privateers' ships moored in Saint- Sevran. Two weeks later, the assaulters withdrew short before the arrival of the French troops commanded by Duke d'Aiguillon. On 13 May 1779, following the failed French landing in Jersey, six English frigates shot more than 2,000 bullets again Cancale and burned three ships in the port. Following the latter attack, the States of Brittany decided to build a fortress on the Rimains islet. Much bigger than Garengeau's proposal, the fort, achieved in 1786, could house 200 men serving 26 cannons; the most powerful fort in the region, it dissuaded the English attempts of attack and was never involved in war acts.
Cancale is the cradle of the cancale oysters ("horse-foot" flat
oysters [Ostrea edulis]), originally picked up from deep-sea,
natural banks located off the town. In 1545, King Francis I, fond of
good food (and good women, too) granted to Cancale the titles of
town and of official oysters' supplier of the court; fresh oysters
were served at the Royal table twice a week. Francis I's successors,
Henry IV, Louis XIII and Louis XIV, maintained the privilege,
increasing the fame of Cancale.
The oyster resource became endangered, since more than 100 million oysters were extracted each year from the natural banks. In 1759, Louis XIV, also fond oy oysters, regulated oyster collect, which was forbidden during the summer months to allow reproduction and growth of the young oysters. The ban is the remote origin of the "r-month" urban legend, that claims that oysters are edible only during months having a "r" in their name, therefore not in May, June, July and August.
In modern times, oyster collect in Cancale was strictly regulated by the Maritime Affairs administration; on the April fishing day, the boats rally in the port of La Houle and rushed together to the banks, which was called the caravane. The local boats specifically designed to bring back the oysters to Cancale, were called bisquines, a name coined around 1820 in official marine registers. Improved all along the 19th century, especially after the organization of the first regatta on 31 August 1845, the bisquines were progressively abandoned when oyster fishing declined.
The small port of La Houle, often flooded until the building of a sea dyke in the 18th century, was a main center of trade of oysters, which were painfully washed and prepared by women (as recalled by the beautiful statute "The Oysters' Washers") and immediatly shipped, mostly to Paris and London.
In the 1920s, oyster fishing declined and was superseded by oyster- farming. In the same period, the oyster swimming larvae of the bay were all suppressed by a mysterious disease. Today, the larvae are imported from disease-free areas in South Brittany and "sown" in the parks set up close to the shore. Some 520 concession owners grow oysters on a 375-ha area dedicated to ostreiculture. Attempts of reintroduction of the flat oysters in the bay have been made since the 1980s, with some promising results.
In the middle of the 19th century, a fishing port developed in Cancale, where a fleet of some 50 terre-neuvas was registered, maintaining a tradition dating back to Jacques Cartier. The terre- neuvas, named from "Terre-Neuve", Newfoundland, were huge three- masters involved in the grande pêche (grand fishing) of cod on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. The joint fleets of Saint-Malo, Saint- Servan and Cancale represented one third of the French terre-neuvas. The local fisher Ernest Lamort (1890-1958), nicknamed "The Seamen's Friend", founded the first seamen' professional union in France.
Cancale is the birth town of St. Jeanne Jugan (b. Joucan; 1792-1879).
Raised in a very poor family, Jeanne refused marriage and moved to
Saint-Servan, when she started to collect money for the poors she
housed in her small room; her local group, named in 1842 "The Poors'
Servants", was renamed in 1849 "The Little Sisters of the Poor" and
approved as a congregation on 9 July 1854 by Pope Pius IX. The
congregation manages today 208 houses in 31 countries. Jeanne was
canonized on 11 October 2009 by Pope Benedict XVI.
The less-known Marguerite Le Pastour (1720-?) escaped her parents' house in Cancale dressed as a man and fought in the French and Austrian armies; she was appointed executioner in Lyon, where it took 27 months to find out she was a she-executioner. Jailed for a while, she married in Lyon and came back to Cancale for the rest of her life.
Source: Cancale unofficial website, by Fabrice Guilbert
Ivan Sache, 22 August 2010
The flag of Cancale is green with the municipal coat of arms in the middle, surmonted by the name of the town in white capital letters. Usually hoisted on the port's beacon, the flag can be seen, hoisted on boats, on photos taken during the 2010 Sea Pardon.
The arms of Cancale are D'azur à un trois-mâts d'or, équipé d'argent sur une mer de sinople, environné d'un orle de dix huîtres d'or; au franc-canton d'argent chargé d'une aigle bicéphale de sable ("Azure a
three-master or with masts argent on a sea vert orled by ten oysters
or a canton argent a double-headed eagle sable").
The ship and the oysters recall the main activities of the town. The canton is said to represent the arms of the Du Guesclin family, a senior branch of which was lord of Cancale in the 13th-15th centuries.
Ivan Sache, 22 August 2010
Association des Plaisanciers du Littoral Cancalais
Burgee of APLC - Image by Ivan Sache, 22 August 2010
The burgee of the Association des Plaisanciers du Littoral
Cancalais (APLC), the association of local, non-professional fishers,
as seen on photos shown on the APLC website, is white with a green cross and the letters "A", "P", "L" and "C" in the respective quarters of the flag.
The colours of the flag must have been taken from the coat of arms / flag of Cancale.
Ivan Sache, 22 August 2010
Club Nautique de Cancale
Burgee of CNC - Image by Ivan Sache, 31 October 2010
Club Nautique de Cancale (CNC) was founded in August 1959 by Dr. Albert Roellinger to organize regattas; in 1960, a sailing school was founded with the support of the Youth and Sports Service of the Department of Ille-et-Vilaine. The club was officially registered in November 1963 and opened its club house on the port of Port-Mer. The sailing school was subsequently transfered to the municipality; the club has today sections for catamarans, dinghies and cruise boats.
The burgee of the CNC, as shown graphically on the club's website, is light blue with a white-light blue-white cross.
Ivan Sache, 31 October 2010
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Frostburg State University invites volunteers from the community to join in for a campus tree planting. Volunteers will plant trees by the main entrance at the intersection of Midlothian Road and University Drive to commemorate the Global Day of Action on Sunday, Oct. 10, at 10 a.m.
The tree planting is part of the Global Work Party created by 350.org, a website dedicated to raising awareness and activism for reducing carbon emissions worldwide. “The goal of the day is not to solve the climate crisis one project at a time,” says the 350.org Invitation, “but to send a pointed political message” to leaders globally. 10/10/10 marks the day that people from various countries will join together in a single movement of small steps to show that we care about our planet.
Other countries have registered their own Global Work Parties on the 350.org website: People in Auckland, New Zealand, are hosting a bike fix-up, and citizens of Bolivia are installing solar stoves for a carbon neutral picnic. By planting trees, volunteers for the Global Work Party at FSU will show politicians that the environment is important, and requires faster action and more attention in legislation.
The event was registered by Kelly Martin and Adam Plourde of the nonprofit George’s Creek Watershed Association, which is partnering with FSU. To volunteer in advance for the tree planting, contact Kelly Martin at 240-522-2522 or firstname.lastname@example.org or Adam Plourde at 207-577-4675 or email@example.com.
FSU is committed to making all of its programs, services and activities accessible to persons with disabilities. To request accommodations through the ADA Compliance Office, call 301-687-4102 or use a Voice Relay Operator at 1-800-735-2258.
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France: US telecom titan AT&T will flip the switch on a high-speed "next-generation" network for smartphones and other wireless Internet gadgets in five cities.
The Long Term Evolution (LTE) network will begin whizzing data to and from handheld devices for subscribers in Atlanta and Chicago as well as the Texas cities of Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio, AT&T said on Friday.
The new network, sometimes referred to as 4G for "fourth-generation," reportedly moves data as much as 10 times faster than its predecessor.AT&T promised that LTE will launch in 10 more US cities by the end of the year.
The investment in making data flow faster to smartphones comes as telecom carriers compete for subscribers who increasingly turn to mobile devices to access data, services, and communications.
First Published: Saturday, September 17, 2011, 13:05
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- Buy a high-efficiency model with a power consumption of less than 0.9 kWh/washing cycle.
- Look for the energy star. The energy star means a product meets strict energy efficiency guidelines set by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the US Department of Energy.
- Consider a 'hot fill' model which connects directly to your efficient gas-fired water heater. Using gas to heat the water almost halves electricity consumption. Installing a hot fill appliance needs to be done correctly, so good advice is required.
The most efficient washing machines save some 396 gallons of water per year!
Traditional clothes dryers are very energy intensive. So-called 'condensation' models – without an exhaust tube – use even more energy.
- Consider drying the natural way (i.e. on a clothes line in/outdoors) if practical, this will save you 3-4 kWh/washing cycle.
- If line drying is not an option, first make sure that your washing machine can spin at 1600 or even 1800 rpm. This will almost halve the energy needed for drying. Drying through spinning is 20 times less energy intensive than with heat.
- There are two clothes-drying technologies that use far less energy: the gas-fired clothes dryer and the dryer with an electric heat pump. The gas-fired dryer is the best alternative, especially for more intensive use: it uses 60 percent less energy (including the gas) and dries 40 percent faster.
- If gas is not available, consider a dryer with a heat pump. A heat pump dryer will use half the electricity of a traditional dryer. However, heat pumps can be rather expensive.
Add 1/3 cup (80 ml) washing soda to water as the machine is filling. Add clothes. Then add 1 and a 1/2 cups (375 ml) of soap. If the water is hard, add 1/4 cup (60 ml) soda or 1/4 cup (60 ml) vinegar during the first rinse. For heavily soiled items, try presoaking in warm water with 1/2 cup (125 ml) washing soda for 30 minutes. Rub the soiled areas with liquid soap or a solution of 2 Tbsp (30ml) washing soda in 1 cup (250 ml) warm water.
Softening fabrics (including wool): Add 1/4 cup (60 ml) white vinegar to rinse water.
Wool de-shrinking: Dissolve 2 cups (500 ml) salt in hot water and allow to cool to lukewarm. Soak the garment for 3 hours.
Silk: Soak in approximately 1 cup (250 ml) pure soap and 2 to 3 Tbsp (30-45 ml) baking soda. Squeeze garment gently and rinse thoroughly.
Bleach Alternative: Try adding 1/2 cup (125 ml) washing soda to each load of wash to whiten whites and brighten colors. Or add lemon juice to the rinse cycle and hang your clothes outside in the sun which will bleach clothes naturally and will also save energy. You can also find non-chlorine bleaches in many health food stores.
Most dry cleaning solvents are toxic - including chlorine and formaldehyde which are highly toxic and carcinogenic. These chemicals can often remain in your clothes even after you bring them home. Try to buy clothes that you can wash rather than dry clean. Many of the clothes that are "dry clean only" are actually washable by hand with soap and cold water or can just be pressed or ironed.
If the item can't be washed by hand, call around for a cleaning service that practices wet or "green" cleaning. Wet cleaning uses heat, steam, vacuum, water and natural soaps to clean your clothes. Wet cleaning also emphasizes skilled laborers who inspect and clean each item of clothing individually.
- Only do full loads of laundry, use as little water as possible.
- Up to 90 percent of the energy used for washing clothes goes to heating the water. A warm wash and cold rinse will work just as well as a hot water wash and a warm rinse on nearly all clothes.
- Only wash clothes that need it. Outer layers of clothing like shirts, sweaters and pants can be worn more than once without laundering.
- Hang clothing outside to dry or inside in a dry, warm room and save energy.
- If you must use a machine to dry your clothes, clean your dryer's lint trap after every load to keep the air circulating efficiently. Lint build-up is also a fire hazard.
The first rule of thumb with stains is the sooner you treat them, the more likely you are to completely remove them. The second rule of thumb is to spot test any "remedy" on your fabric first. If the spot you are testing starts to discolor, you can stop it from leaving a stain by "neutralizing" the cleaning agent. For example, the effects of an acid like lemon juice or vinegar, will be neutralized or reversed by adding an alkaline like baking soda and vice versa. Remember to wash after the spot test.
Soiled Diapers: Pre-soak in 3 Tbsp (45 ml) baking soda dissolved in warm water in either a tub or washing machine.
Fruit and Wine: Immediately pour salt or cold soda water on the stain and soak in milk before washing. In general, it is a good idea to keep some soda water in the fridge as a stain remover.
Grease: Strain boiling water through white cottons and follow with dry baking soda or rub with washing soda in water. For other materials, blot with a towel, dampen stain with water, and rub with soap and baking soda. Follow by washing in water as hot as possible using extra soap. Note: Make sure to check washing instructions before using boiling water or washing in hot water.
Ink: Soak in milk or remove with hydrogen peroxide.
Blood: Immediately pour salt or cold soda water on the stain and soak in cold water before washing. For a more stubborn stain, mix cornstarch with either talcum powder or cornmeal in water and apply mixture. Allow to dry and brush away.
Coffee and chocolate: Mix egg yolk with lukewarm water and rub on stain.
Chewing gum: Rub with ice. Gum will flake off.
Lipstick: Rub with cold cream or shortening and wash with washing soda.
Rust: Saturate with sour milk (add 2 tsp/10 ml of vinegar to a cup of milk to make it sour) or lemon juice and rub with salt. Place in direct sunlight until dry, then wash.
Mildew: Pour strong soap and salt on the spots, or spray with vinegar and place in sunlight. Keep the spots moist and repeat as often as necessary.
Scorches: Gently boil scorched article in 1 cup (250 ml) soap and 2 quarts/liters milk.
Water marks on wood furniture: Using a dry cloth, rub the mark with vegetable oil or a mixture of butter and enough cigarette ashes to make the butter brown.
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A good painting is a pleasure to view. It can be relaxing, or it can be a study in trying to figure out what the artist is trying to say. These days, finding a message in a painting can be very difficult. But at today's FamSite, one can visit a gallery in England, and see some of the most pleasan... continue reading...
April 17, 1999 1 Comment
Tags: collage, england, gallery london, great britain, guildhall, guildhall art gallery, guildhall library, history of great britain, image database, painting, paintings, pleasure
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Below the surface world, lies a completely different realm.
A vast network of caves, caverns and tunnels runs under much of the lands occupied by the Eastern peoples and the Empire. Some tunnels run for hundreds of miles, connecting caverns big enough to hold cities. Underground lakes and rivers form vast water systems.
Much of the underworld has been formed naturally. The unique and mostly stable geology of the continent has allowed water to carve out spaces over millions of years. There are areas, particularly deeper in the underworld, that appear to have been made by vast, rock eating worms. What they were and where they went is unknown.
The Fay discovered the Underworld and used it extensively. All the industrial and magical processes they did not want polluting the surface world they buried underground. Either making use of the existing caverns or creating new ones. They also made new slaves, Dwarfs and Gnomes, specifically to construct there sub-terrain settlements.
Typically these mines and factories where run by a small number of Fay who lived in palatial apartments. Often with large gardens and parks to give them some semblance of the surface worlds. Doing all the hard work were gem slaves of many different races.
As the disease of life spread and the rebellion took hold, surface cities were no longer safe. Many of the underground settlements were quickly expanded to hold tens of thousands of refuges. The slaves could no longer be trusted and were replaced by the Goblinoid races. These living creatures with free will were carefully engineered to be spiteful and submissive to brute force. To apply that force, devils were created.
The goblinoid races proved a lot less efficient than the non-living, automaton like gem slaves and the fate of the Fay was sealed as production from their mines and factories steadily dropped. No longer did the Fay have the resources to maintain its people and fight a long war against the rebellion.
In the desperate last years of the Fay they bred many strange creatures. Magically merging horses, eagles, humans and lions to create centaurs, hippogriffs, owlbears and many other beasts. These grotesque cross-breeds were the tip of the iceberg and many, many strange and terrible monsters were conjured up by the great wizards of the Fay.
As each underground Fay settlement fell to the rebellion or collapsed from lack of food, the goblinoids and monsters broke loose. Many populating the vast underworld or operating around the junction between the surface and the underground. The old Fay settlements were shunned and slowly lost to time. Only the devils and a handful of the most perverse of the Fay creations are found in these ruins.
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Ritual abuse of children: a hidden and under-reported crime
Police in London have a special unit to probe this type of crime but believe they have only scratched the surface
Sandra Laville, crime correspondent
guardian.co.uk, Thursday 1 March 2012
Witchcraft-based abuse first came to national consciousness with the murder 12 years ago of Victoria Climbié by her guardians. After her death it emerged that the police and other authorities had missed several opportunities to step in and save the eight-year-old. Her death led to a public inquiry and produced major changes in child protection policies in England.
Since Climbié’s murder, agencies have learned a great deal more about the ritualised abuse and torture of children. But figures collated by the Metropolitan police merely scratch the surface, detectives believe, of a hidden crime that is still under-reported.
In the past 10 years police in greater London have investigated 83 incidents of child abuse and torture linked to witchcraft and other religious rituals. Of these children, four – including Kristy Bamu – were murdered during ritualised violence.
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One man’s cool is another man’s creepy.
When it comes to social media, and particularly when new platforms are introduced, or new features are added to existing platforms (or existing features changed), I generally hear two reactions. Either:
“Hey, that’s pretty cool!”
“Ew, that’s creepy…”
For some reason, social networks, and particularly Facebook, tend to prompt rather visceral reactions. Just yesterday I saw a post on Mashable about a new feature of the Facebook mobile app that allows you to find friends nearby. They ended the short piece with this rather loaded sentence:
Does this new feature seem useful or creepy?
For some reason, people who spend a lot of time on Facebook, and love it for all that it is, also often use words like “creepy” and “stalker” about the platform. Some have even dubbed it “Stalkerbook”. When I meet or talk to someone for the first time, I’ll often go to Facebook to see what more I can learn about them. After all, they put that information on there, and made it available to me. My kids think I’m being a stalker. I call it research.
Here’s the thing folks: Any social platform you use, you are there at their pleasure.
Facebook is free. You sign up and create an account, and by doing so, you agree to their rules. It’s the price we pay for deciding we want to use the platform.
So if you think it’s creepy that someone can hit a button to find out if you’re nearby, just make sure you don’t put that information out there. Just about every feature on Facebook can be turned off, or even set for any number of privacy levels. Remember when we used to spend time worrying about checking in some place on Foursquare because we were sure would-be burglars are watching our every move, just waiting to ransack our homes?
If you’re truly and honestly concerned about privacy and “creepers”, you have a few options:
a) Don’t go there – Seriously, if you’re that worried about it, no one says you have to be on Facebook or any other social platform. I mean, most of them didn’t even exist five or ten years ago. You lived without them before, you can certainly live without them again.
b) Filter yourself - I know that’s hard for some of us, but don’t just tell everyone things. You might have this false sense of security because you’re behind a computer screen, but we really can see what you’re writing. Remember those times you post things on Facebook and you get upset that no one notices or comments? Well, if you want us to see those things, we’ll also see the things you should probably keep to yourself. Status updates like:
“I’m going to the store and my house will be empty, with the key under the doormat, for the next four hours.”
“My husband just left on business and I’m an attractive young female. Whatever shall I do while I’m home all alone for the next three days?”
are probably not good choices. Use your head.
c) Understand the platforms and their capabilities – Every platform I’ve ever used has a wide variety of privacy settings. Heck, Facebook allows you to post status updates and information that only you can see and no one else. Not sure why that option is there, but the point is, there are privacy settings. Use them. It’s your job to play around with the settings so that you are safe and secure. Don’t expect Facebook to do it for you, or ask your friends to change their settings so they don’t see your posts. That’s like walking out the front door and yelling to the neighbors,
“Hey, turn your head the other way. Don’t look at me. I’m NAKED!”
So yeah, use those privacy settings. Put some clothes on and shut the curtains.
On the other side of things, if you’re using social media for business purposes, or are collecting user information on your website, go out of your way to explain to people what you are collecting, why you are collecting, and how you are going to use it. Even if you are offering something great through a loyalty program, make sure people understand what you’re getting out of the deal in return.
Be open and transparent, and don’t abuse the privilege. Think about how you like to be treated as someone who uses social media.
And again, as a user, remember that you choose to be there. You are in control of what you share, with whom, and on which platform. Whether it be Twitter, Facebook, Foursquare, or any of them.
If you feel the need to share, but don’t want people knowing, there’s always MySpace!
- Demographic Separated Social Media – The ‘Who Likes What’ Infographic is an Interesting Divide (TrendHunter.com) (trendhunter.com)
- Social Media in Education: Privacy and Friending (professorjosh.wordpress.com)
- 8 Shocking New Social Media Facts (businessesgrow.com)
- Using Social Media to Make People Feel Special (waxingunlyrical.com)
- Facebook Unveils Comment Editing, Edit History (v3im.com)
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Classical Piano Pieces
Piano is one of the most popular instruments in the world that is why classical piano pieces also abound in the classical music genre. In ClassicsOnline's catalogue of more than 50,000 albums and over 1 Million tracks, classical piano pieces are definitely at hand. Classical piano pieces from composers such as Beethoven, Brahms, Chopin, Debussy, Liszt, Mozart and many more are available for download. Anyone can easily build a library of famous classical piano pieces especially with our Easy-Listening Piano Classics. You can also check one of our Exclusive Samplers - ClassicsOnline Exclusive: A Guide to Mozart Piano Concertos.
So don't go anywhere else because the classical piano pieces you've been looking for are right here at ClassicsOnline. Sign-up now and even get 5 tracks for free. Start searching for your most loved piano classical music, and visit us regularly for the latest releases and special offers on classical piano music.
SCHNITTKE, A.: Piano Concerto / Concerto for Piano and String Orchestra / Concerto for Piano 4-hands and Chamber Orchestra (Kupiec, Strobel)
SCHNITTKE, A.: Piano Concerto / Concerto for Piano and String Orchestra / Concerto for Piano 4-hands and Chamber Orchestra (Kupiec, Strobel)Phoenix103
Published Review (by Dan Morgan, MusicWeb International): These three concertos fit rather neatly into three decades of Schnittke’s life—they were composed in 1960, 1979 and 1988 respectively—but despite the intervening years they are unified by a distinctively trenchant musical style. As for the performers the Berlin orchestra is familiar enough but the pianist Ewa Kupiec is new to me. That said, she has performed widely in Europe and the UK and has attracted much praise from the Polish composer Witold Lutosławski... Read more
Other Classical Piano Piece Albums:
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A better way to visualize your empire/cities?
I wonder if some things about Civ V would be improved by providing certain information in a better way, without actually making changes to the game's mechanics.
For example, currently we only have "food" to represent growth. Mechanically this is fine, but some people miss health. The thing is, hospitals affect food because food is growth and health is growth, therefore food "is health".
This could be addressed by renaming "food" to "growth" and having a tooltip on the city screen explaining where the growth is coming from. X growth generated by farms. Y growth generated by health infrastructure. Z negative growth from unhappiness.
Happiness might also benefit from a name change, to something more like "stability". X stability from happiness (things like coliseums and stadiums), Y stability from loyalty (probably generated by policies and leader traits), Z stability from law (courthouses, policies like Police State), A negative stability from population, B negative stability from number of cities, C negative stability from occupation. This is basically how it already is, but it would be sorted under different headings and make more sense. (After all, an oppressive police state doesn't really make unhappiness disappear. I think we all understand the mechanics of it, but it's jarring to read "Police State reduces unhappiness." With a little name change it can be "Police State suppresses instability from occupation.")
Expansions and mods could later add functionality to the yield sources, but just to start with, it would help bring a civilization to life if yield sources came from different flavors and were written in a way that's pleasing to read.
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Initial version by Dario Andres (2010-03). Corrections by Lydia Pintscher
All this guide is based on my own experience (approximately 2 years) on the KDE bug tracker.
It may not work for you ;)
- Be polite: when you need to request information or feedback be clear and polite, and you will get more information in less time.
Often Bugzilla is a place which involves discussions (about implementations, or even about contributors). Try to be concise and polite, respecting the others position while describing your own.
- Don't try to do too many things at the same time; otherwise you will end up with a headache.
If you are not familiar with the Bugzilla (KDE bug tracker system) interface, you may find this guide useful: Quick Introduction to Bugzilla
About getting permissions to work in the bug tracker
Manpower is always needed in a bug tracker, but as any action taken on it may be potentially destructive to other people's work; or it may end up messing things up (and consuming the developers' or other triager's time) the tracker requires special permissions to perform changes in bug reports.
If you want to work in the bug tracker you need to prove that you know what you are doing.
Initially you will ask for support on #kde-bugs (on IRC) and add comments in the bug report (so other people will see and check them, perform the needed actions, and evaluate your work)
|adding comments in the bug report is allowed for every user|
Getting Started: Find what to work on (Different Approaches)
You could use different techniques or approaches to triage the reports according to your current mood or the amount of work you want to do for example.
Note: The two following techniques are complementary.
Check all the bug reports of the day
In this technique you check all the bug reports (of all the products) which were filed today (or some days ago).
You can focus on crash, normal or wish reports individually (recommended) or all of them together.
- You get a complete view of all the reports
- You can easily recognize possible duplicates if the report titles are appropriate
- You can choose any report
- You can quickly clean the bugs that were filed recently (keeping them from rotting)
- You can get quick feedback from the reporter
Not so Good:
- You don't focus on one product
- You may not pay too much attention to every report, as you are triaging different kinds of reports
- You need a lot of attention to handle the different reports (at the ~same~ time)
This technique could be used every week (or every day)
Bugzilla Links (TODO)
- All the bugs (any type) reported today or the last week
- All the crashes reported today or the last week
- All the normal bugs reported today or the last week
- All the feature requests reported today or the last week
Check bug reports of a product over a period of time
Choose a product (application or library). Then choose a period of time like 1 month or 1 or 2 years (or "from the beginning of the current year"). You can also choose which kind of reports you want to handle.
This technique is useful to audit old bugs or perform a deep clean (in case that the bugs weren't triaged on a daily basis previously).
- You focus only on one product / topic, so you don't need to pay too much attention (pay attention anyways!)
Not so Good:
- The reports of the other application may rot if they aren't checked
- You may not get feedback if the report is too old or the reporter is not accessible anymore
You can also filter out results (and be even more focused) if you select a custom component inside the product (a subsection of the application).
This technique could be used two times a month.
Bugzilla Links (ToDo)
- Template search for all the reports of any status, since 2008: any kind of report, crashes, normal bugs, feature requests
- Template search for all the open reports, since 2008: any kind of report, crashes, normal bugs, feature requests
Workflow of the bug triaging activity
Now that you have a list of bug reports, pick one !
Workflow Graphic (ToDo)
Handling reports: What to do with a bug report
Trying to reproduce the bugs
Getting bug triaging support
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Virginia Court Records
From Ancestry.com Wiki
This entry was originally written by Johni Cerny and Gareth L. Mark for Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources.
Most courts in America are courts of record, that is, they are required by law to keep a record of their proceedings. Virginia courts are no exception. Understanding Virginia’s court system is challenging; taken a step at a time, it can be unraveled. See Suzanne Smith Ray, Lyndon H. Hart III, and J. Christian Kolbe, comps., A Preliminary Guide to Pre-1904 County Records in the Archives Branch, Virginia State Library and Archives (Richmond, Va.: Virginia State Library and Archives, 1987) for a more detailed explanation of state courts.
County Court (1619–1902). County courts were the court of record used by most Virginians. In 1904, county courts ceased to exist, and their functions were taken over by the circuit courts.
County courts were established as the monthly court in the Great Charter of 1618. The monthly court was held in different precincts and heard petty civil and criminal cases. It served two primary functions: (1) it relieved the president and council of part of their duties as justices, and (2) it brought justice closer to all Virginians. When the eight original shires were formed in 1634, the monthly court was redesignated the court of shire, and by 1642 was called the county court. The county court was required to meet at least six times per year.
The justices, first known as commissioners, were appointed by the governor; in 1662 they were called justices of the peace. The court generally included eight to ten justices, with four justices appointed to the quorum. One member of the quorum in company with three other justices was sufficient to make up a valid court.
The county court also sat in special terms. These were well-publicized meetings of the court for specific functions. The orphans’ court, begun in 1642, reviewed annual accounts of orphans’ estates and ensured that guardians did not waste the estates or mistreat the orphans. Apprentices could appeal to the orphans’ court in cases of mistreatment or failure of masters to live up to their contracts. The court of claim was a special session for the county’s citizens to present monetary claims against the county before the levy was laid (see Virginia Tax Records). Beginning in 1645, the county court also sat as a court of probate, granting certificates of probate and administration, ordering inventories and appraisements, and settling estates.
President and Council (1607–19). Until 1619, the president and members of the council heard and decided all civil and criminal cases in Virginia. Unfortunately, no record of their proceedings has survived. When monthly courts were established in 1619, the president and council began to hear appeals of criminal and civil decisions made by those courts.
Quarter Court (1619–61). Starting in 1619, the president and council, and later the governor and council, sat as a quarter court in March, June, September, and December to handle major civil cases, chancery, and appellate matters. When they met in other months, they met as the Council. The quarter court was designated the general court in 1661.
General Court (1661–1851). This court had the responsibility of hearing county court appeals, major civil cases, capital crimes, and probate matters until 1851. Two other courts were established during the general court’s existence: (1) the high court of chancery, and (2) district courts. The high court of chancery took over appellate functions in county court chancery cases in 1777, and district courts took over appellate functions in county court common law cases in 1789.
The judges of the general court also sat on the district courts. They spent much of their time in the lower court until 1814, when the general court was made the supreme criminal tribunal in Virginia. The general court was abolished by the 1851 state constitution, and its functions were transferred to the state supreme court of appeals.
State Supreme Court of Appeals (1779-present). Since the state supreme court of appeals was created in 1779, it has had final jurisdiction in all civil cases. It has been the state’s only court of final appeals since the general court was abolished in 1851.
High Court of Chancery (1777–1802). At its creation in 1777, the high court of chancery assumed jurisdiction over all chancery cases in the state. It was abolished in 1802 and replaced by the superior courts of chancery.
Superior Courts of Chancery (1802–31). Originally, there were three chancery districts, with superior courts of chancery in Staunton, Richmond, and Williamsburg. Additional districts were added including Wythe County, Winchester, and Clarksburg in 1812, and Greenbrier County and Lynchburg in 1814. The Superior Courts of Chancery were abolished in 1831 and replaced by the nearest county’s circuit superior court of law and chancery.
District Courts (1789–1808). In 1789 Virginia was divided into eighteen districts, each including several counties. Courts were held twice each year, always in the same location. District courts were replaced by the superior courts of law in 1808.
The eighteen district courts were held at the courthouses in Charlottesville, Fredericksburg, Richmond, Williamsburg, Suffolk, Winchester, Staunton, Dumfries, Petersburg, and possibly others.
Superior Courts of Law (1808–31). Created in 1808, these courts met twice a year in each county and took over the functions of the district courts. They were sometimes called circuit courts because a general court judge rode a circuit throughout his district to hold these courts. These courts were replaced in 1831 by the circuit superior courts of law and chancery.
Circuit Superior Courts of Law and Chancery (1831–51). These courts were organized like the superior courts of law; sessions were held twice a year by a general court judge who rode a circuit. They assumed the functions of the superior courts of law and the superior courts of chancery. The state constitution of 1851 abolished these courts and replaced them with circuit courts.
Circuit Courts (1852-present). Courts were held twice a year in each county, and records were filed with the county. Originally, there were twenty-one judges who rode circuits to hold these courts.
The state constitution of 1902 did not include provisions for continuing county courts, and circuit courts took over their functions. The circuit courts are now the only court of record in Virginia’s counties.
Original court records are housed at the Library of Virginia; pre-1865 records are available on microfilm there and at the FHL. The Chancery Records Index at the Library of Virginia has extensive Chancery Court records scanned and available online at no charge. Many counties and cities are now available, though scanning is ongoing. Abstracts of early court records are being printed so rapidly that it is difficult to keep current. While it is always best to rely upon original documents for research, the condition of original court records varies considerably: some are still firmly bound and easy to read, some are faded and crumbling, some are torn or have missing pages, some have been restored, and many have been destroyed or lost. Because of these circumstances, printed transcripts can prove invaluable to researchers who know their limitations and use this resource wisely.
The Library of Virginia and the FHL have most published transcripts, while other libraries have fewer volumes. The best individual collection, published between 1937 and 1949, is Beverly Fleet’s thirty-four-volume series of Virginia Colonial Abstracts (1937–49; reprinted in 3 vols., Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2000). This work brings together a wealth of data from the records of the Tidewater region of Virginia—birth, marriage and death records, tax lists, court orders, militia lists, wills, and deeds. The result of extensive research in county courthouses, municipal and state archives, and private collections, most of the abstracts were based on the earliest records known to exist. The reprinted collection has been rearranged and consolidated in three volumes, each with its own master index.
A similar compilation for the land west of the mountains can be found in Lyman Chalkley, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish Settlement in Virginia, 3 vols. (1912; reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1999). Each volume is indexed separately.
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April 4th, 2011
03:27 PM ET
By Larry Shaughnessy, CNN Pentagon Producer
The top American military officer defended the Department of Defense policy of encouraging female troops to wear headscarves while on duty in Afghanistan, despite criticism the practice makes "second-class warriors."
"Those female service members ... do so as a personal choice," Adm. Mike Mullen wrote to Rep. James Langevin, D-Rhode Island, last week. "They feel this gesture helps them in accomplishing their mission by serving as a sign of courtesy and respect toward the locals."
For years, some American military women have worn headscarves, similar to traditional Afghan hijabs, when interacting with local civilians.
The policy has stirred up a new debate about whether female U.S. troops can or should wear headscarves while on duty in Afghanistan.
Lt. Col. Michael Lawhorn, a spokesman for U.S. Central Command, said servicewomen are "definitely not being ordered to wear headscarves."
Lawhorn, who has twice commanded troops in war, said women can wear the scarves under their helmets and that it is "unrealistic that any commander would trade the safety of any servicemember under their command for cultural consideration."
He compared it to other soldiers who are instructed to remove sunglasses and gloves as a sign of respect for Afghan culture when they greet a civilian.
The recent debate was stirred up by an opinion column in February in the Washington Post by Martha McSally, a retired U.S. Air Force colonel who made history as one of America's first female fighter pilots. She calls the current practice "inappropriate."
In her column, she wrote, "American servicewomen will continue to be viewed as second-class warriors if leaders push them to take up the customs of countries where women are second-class citizens."
McSally fought a battle like this before. While stationed in Saudi Arabia before the start of Operation Iraqi Freedom, female servicemembers were ordered to wear an abaya, a long black gown and a headscarf.
She sued the military and Congress eventually forced the Defense Department to get rid of the rule.
"I'm not trying to say that the abaya policy in Saudi Arabia and this policy in Afghanistan is the same," she told CNN Monday. "But still the same logic should be applied, that it's inappropriate."
McSally said she understands that some troops in Afghanistan choose to wear the headscarves in order to help them do their jobs better.
"I completely understand why women in the field having a choice, given a mission to engage with the local women or a variety of other missions that they're wearing the headscarves on," McSally said. "My position on this policy is that this wearing of the hijab should never have been on the table as an option for them in order for them to do this mission. That the leaders above them, at the general officer level or above, should not have allowed it to be on the table as an authorized adaptation of the uniform."
Strict Afghan culture forbids women from interacting with men who are not members of their family. So the U.S. has female troops interact with local women when necessary.
From around the web
About this blog
The CNN Belief Blog covers the faith angles of the day's biggest stories, from breaking news to politics to entertainment, fostering a global conversation about the role of religion and belief in readers' lives. It's edited by CNN's Daniel Burke and Eric Marrapodi with daily contributions from CNN's worldwide newsgathering team and frequent posts from religion scholar and author Stephen Prothero.
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Energy Saving Windows
Want to lower your carbon footprint and help combat climate change? Then there is no better place to start than with your windows.
One of the main exit points for heat to escape your home is through the windows. Installing new double glazed windows will help you reduce the amount of energy lost by as much as 90%, helping you to not only save on your heating bills but also the planet.
New Government regulations that are being put place will call for all homes to become energy efficient within the next five years – now is the time to act!
- Our Energy Saving Options -
All of Northern Scotland Joinery’s installations are carried out to the highest standards. We use the very best state of the art materials and installation techniques. This means that the windows we provide far exceed energy efficiency standards, keeping your home nice and warm and preventing cold draughts from getting in.
Having energy efficient windows means that you can turn the heat down in your home and still retain warmth, this will reduce your carbon footprint and energy you use as a whole. The same applies for all of our windows, whether it be timber, UPVC or aluminium frames.
- A Long lasting Solution -
Our windows are built to highest standards using the best materials giving you peace of mind that your windows are going to last. Our windows will continue to insulate and remain energy efficient for many years to come, reducing the need for costly maintenance work.
Our commitment to climate change also extends to our product range – we endeavor to use the most eco-friendly products on the market. Our frames are not only designed to be durable, low maintenance, well insulated and secure but they are also formulated using eco-friendly materials.
All our techniques used at Northern Scotland Joinery ensure that the heat in your property will constantly be reflected back into your home, whilst the cold air is kept out. Over time, the insulating properties of our windows will more than pay for themselves in terms of the savings you’ll enjoy.
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I can’t find any background detail to these graphs that might explain how the data was collected, but we can make some basic assumptions about the middle of the bell curve here. Namely that the introduction of the CD in 1984 created a false sales spike; we can assume that people who bought a CD player re-purchased a large amount of their existing vinyl album collections on CD. (And for the record, I hate assumptions but as I said I can’t find the data.)
It would be great to be able to look at the sales data for the period 1984 – 1999 broken out into areas such as: CDs as replacements for existing vinyl collections, the effect of the introduction of Soundscan in 1991 on Country music sales over Rock music sales, and the explosion of Hip Hop. Album sales drop off precipitously in 2001 and on and many observers will of course blame the Internet, but other issues were at play.
File-sharing is always rolled out as the reason for the decline in album sales (especially amongst musicians and labels) but I never see much credence around the fact that the Internet allowed music fans to listen first to an album (without downloading it that is..) and maybe, just maybe, music fans were able to say to themselves, “nah, that’s not doing it for me, at least not for $18.99.” And if some other factors were put in place, such as demographics, the Baby Boomer generation, the rise of massive stadium tours by older bands, MTV etc, and what effect those factors had in skewing sales that may not occur today, we might see a different reason for the sales drop off after 2000.
Whatever the reasons for the sales decline, and there are many, it is clear that the recording industry was hoist by its own petard the day that it introduced that shiny disc packed with ones and zeros. In an age of the personal computer they unwittingly created a new market for music fans, one that was packed with choices. The graph below shows what music fans mostly chose post-2003 – the purchase of single tracks, not to be mistaken with the “Single” which I believe the data in this graph shows. If I’m right, the Single section of the graph should have been two sets of data – one for what we historically have termed “the single” and one for showing the downloading of single tracks..
Even Apple slyly acknowledged this problem a while back with the introduction of a program to encourage those of us who owned certain tracks from an album, (you know, the ones we actually listen to..) to buy the rest of the album at a discount. Yeah, right.
So, in summary, people like to purchase single songs more than they purchase albums. It also has to be said that ironically people the industry calls “pirates” are the industry’s largest audience for digital sales – 2009 link – 2003 link. I saw data to this effect when I worked at Intel during 1999 – 2001.
I doubt we will ever see a return to the glory days of music sales as seen in the middle of that bell curve above. Music is consistently discounted and cheapened by the recording industry – think Spotify, Pandora, Rhapsody who offer free or cheap streaming of music, and think Amazon where labels routinely offer $3.99 – $5 MP3 albums (Lady Gaga’s latest was $1.99.)
There was also the little problem of the RIAA, the enforcement arm of the Recording Industry, suing its own customers. Smart move.
Hat tip to Andrew Sullivan.
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The International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) hosted a conference in Belgrade, Republic of Serbia from 28th to 30th November, where more than a hundred representatives of associations of families of missing persons, relevant government institutions from the region, as well as parliamentarians and human rights organisations met together for three days to discuss issues pertinent to determining the fate of missing persons from the armed conflicts of the 1990’s in South Eastern Europe.
Archive for November, 2008
A mutual determination to find resolution to the long-standing problem of people missing from the conflicts of the 1990s in the former Yugoslavia saw family associations, key representatives of regional governments, parliamentarians, diplomats and human rights organizations united at the three-day 11th annual ‘Regional Networking Conference on the Missing Persons Issues’ being held by the International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) in Belgrade, Republic of Serbia from 28th to 30th November.
The German Government continues its vital support to the work of the International Commission on Missing Persons with an important contribution this year of 600,000 Euros. This donation will support ICMP’s DNA-assisted identification program, which has already helped in accurately identifying almost 12,000 persons missing from the armed conflicts of the 1990’s in Bosnia and Herzegovina. (more…)
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Longtime readers of this column know that I usually wait until the end of the story to reveal the subject's full name. These stories also are usually about American subjects.
We don't have to wait until the end of the story this time because you know this subject by his nickname. His real name was Edward Teach, and he is also a character in a major movie that is currently playing in theaters. He lived from 1680 until he was defeated by the British navy in 1718. His birthplace is unknown, but it is believed that he was born in England, Jamaica or Philadelphia. That certainly narrows it down.
While he may not have been an American subject, most of his, uh, "customers" were. Teach was a pirate, and like a lot of pirates, he had a short career -- less than three years.
Early in his career, Teach served on a British privateer in the Caribbean. A privateer was a privately owned ship hired by the government -- in this case, the British government -- to attack enemy ships during wartime. Queen Anne allowed Teach to attack and steal from French and Spanish ships and keep the goods for himself. When he eventually ran his own pirate ship (which he stole himself), he named it Queen Anne's Revenge.
Pirates would sometimes determine a ship's nationality before attacking it. They would raise that country's flag so as to appear friendly and then replace it with their own pirate flag before attacking the unsuspecting victims.
Teach had one of the most vicious reputations of any pirate in history. He used this reputation, instead of force, to steal his bounty. He was so feared that people would often allow him to steal their valuables in return for their own safety as soon as they saw him coming. As part of his method of intimidation, he carried two swords in his waist, in addition to carrying numerous guns and knives on his body.
He would also light wicks laced with gunpowder and stick them in his black hair. He had a dark beard that covered most of his face. Despite his dark and evil demeanor, there is no record of him ever having killed anyone who wasn't trying to kill him first.
He is known by his nickname. As you probably remember in Piracy 101 in high school, many of the most notorious pirates had nicknames. Black Bart was the nickname of Bartholomew Roberts, while Captain Kidd was the nickname of, well, Captain William Kidd.
Despite Teach's reputation for ruthlessness, he captured "only" 45 ships in his seafaring career. By comparison, Black Bart captured more than 470 ships in his heyday.
Despite his short career, the pirate with the dark beard and black hair is one of the most well-known pirates of all time. You remember him as Blackbeard.
There is one other thing – besides a clever nickname – that Blackbeard had in common with Black Bart. His character is portrayed in the current Pirates of the Caribbean movie.
Black Bart, by the way, was the inspiration for Johnny Depp's leading character of Jack Sparrow in the series.
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Arts & Culture
The Source: The story of Marin County's namesake takes flight
In Marin, it’s been a rewarding year for author and academic, Betty Goerke. Back in February, she was recognized for her “significant contributions advancing the understanding of the past in Marin County.” This Sunday, October 21, she will be honored by the Mill Valley Art Commission, at their annual awards dinner. In this story from our archives, Goerke sat down with KALW’s Steven Short to discuss the subject of one her books, the namesake of Marin County. And here’s a hint: it has nothing to do with water.
Click the player above to listen to the complete interview.
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Anyone reading this article is probably a dog lover. I am a dog lover! I have always had bigger dogs. However, running a dog-friendly inn has proven that I am truly a dog lover! No matter the size, no matter the breed or mix, no matter the color, I love dogs! Some of the most endearing qualities of dogs are that they are so very giving, loving, caring, and empathic. Dogs want so much to please and love us, and they ask for so little in return. And yet, whether you are getting a pure breed or mix, a puppy or an older dog, have children, other pets, getting a dog requires commitment, work, and planning to do it right for both you and the dog. You want your dog to be part of the family. You want to love them, and you want the dog to be happy and content. So, do your homework and planning!
First of all, DO NOT GO TO A PET STORE, where you may be getting a puppy-mill dog and may be getting a dog with health issues that even the store owner is unaware of. Secondly, research the breed/mix rather than listen to rumor and innuendo. Know what the breed was bred to do – dig to hunt down rodents, kill snakes, herd, guard, pull or carry, etc. Unless you want your children, other pets, and friends to be herded – don’t get a herding breed. If you don’t want holes in your back yard, don’t get a digger breed/mix. If you are a couch potato, don’t get a dog that needs lots of activity. If you are an active, outdoor person, don’t get a dog that is a sofa ornament. And, remember, if you are rescuing a dog, whether a pure breed or mix, you are also saving a life. Whenever you adopt/rescue, be aware of any issues and problems you may have to work with.
If you want a loving, well behaved dog – plan, work, and reward! To avoid any number of problems, learn how to train your new dog in a positive, rewarding way. My father always used to say, “You can catch more bees with honey then vinegar!” Your dog will learn more, faster, if you train with understanding and a positive, loving approach. Reward the behaviors you want so as to encourage those behaviors. Remember, when you bring your new dog home, it’s all new for you and for the dog. Start right away, so your dog wants to be there with you and so you will want your dog to be there with you. Often people will say, “Dogs are a reflection of their owners.” Trained and treated with love, your dog will be a lover.
When you decide to get a dog – or any pet – you take on a responsibility to care for that pet properly. Don’t say, “Well, it’s just a dog,” because that dog will not only love you no matter what, but that dog is trusting you with its life.
The following was written by an unknown Doctor of Veterinary Medicine.
Just A Dog!!
From the Therapy Dog Inc. News Magazine (C.F.P. 11/10/07):
From time to time, people tell me, “lighten up, it’s just a dog,” or, “that’s a lot of money for just a dog.” They don’t understand the distance traveled, the time spent, or the costs involved for “just a dog.”
Some of my proudest moments have come about with “just a dog.” Many hours have passed and my only company was “just a dog,” but I did not once feel slighted.
Some of my saddest moments have been brought about by “just a dog,” and in those days of darkness, the gentle touch of “just a dog,” gave me comfort and reason to overcome the day.
If you, too, think it’s “just a dog,” then you will probably understand phrases like “just a friend,” “just a sunrise,” or “just a promise.”
“Just a dog” brings into my life the very essence of friendship, trust, and pure unbridled joy. “Just a dog” brings out the compassion and patience that make me a better person. Because of “just a dog,” I will rise early, take long walks, and look longingly to the future.
So, for me and folks like me, it’s not “just a dog,” but an embodiment of all the hopes and dreams of the future, the fond memories of the past, and the pure joy of the moment. “Just a dog” brings out what’s good in me and diverts my thoughts away from myself and the worries of the day.
I hope that someday they can understand that it’s not “just a dog,” but the living being that gives me humanity and keeps me from being “just a man or woman.”
So the next time you hear the phrase “just a dog,” just smile, because they “just don’t understand!”
This month’s GOOD READ will be a surprise; at least it was for me. A surprise, because I thought I knew about the information presented in the book and I learned I did not know as much as I thought.
And a surprise because of what I learned and how deeply it affected me. This month’s Good Read is truly a Must Read: The Lost Dogs – Michael Vick’s Dogs and Their Tale of Rescue and Redemption by Jim Gorant.
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A forced marriage occurs when an individual is forced, coerced, threatened, or tricked to marry without her informed consent.
In many cultures, it is customary for families to arrange meetings between their children in the hopes of fostering a voluntary relationship that will lead to a marriage. In such situations, while the initial meetings are arranged by the families and a marriage is encouraged, the ultimate decision regarding whether to marry remains with the couple and the choice to marry is strictly voluntary. In contrast, in a forced marriage, an individual is threatened and/or coerced by her family to enter into the marriage against her will and may suffer honor violence if she resists or refuses the marriage.
Does this happen in the United States?
Yes. Although this is generally treated as a private family matter that remains hidden from public view, there are numerous reports of girls being taken out of school in the United States in their early teenage years and returned to their parents’ home countries to be forcibly married. For example, in 2007, the New York Daily News reported that a number of girls were being forced to return to Pakistan to marry men chosen by their families. One woman recalled being tricked and drugged before being put on a plane to Pakistan and, once there, being forced at gunpoint to acquiesce to a marriage to a man chosen by her father.
The Tahirih Justice Center released survey results in September of 2011 that found as many as 3,000 known or suspected cases of forced marriage within immigrant communities in the United States in the two years preceding the survey. We believe the actual number of forced marriage cases in the United States to be much higher, as the survey was directed towards service providers and other professionals. Many more existing cases are likely hidden from the view of officials.
The United Kingdom has set up a hotline specifically to handle cases of forced marriage. In 2010, there were 1,735 cases of forced marriage reported to the hotline. Of those victims, 131 were British citizens who were rescued after having been taken to Pakistan for marriage against their will.
Read the rest: Forced Marriage
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I am having the same problem as Donna. Actually I was successfully sharing
the root drive (C
of my Vista machine up until about 2 weeks ago when the
share stopped working. I don't know the exact date but here is how I know it
stopped working about that time. I have a script (batch file) that runs on an
XP machine that backs up all my networked computers onto an external hard
drive. It is a simple script that uses "xcopy" to back up each networked
machine and copies only new or changed files. It has worked for years with
all my other machines which are running XP or NT. And it had worked with the
new Vista machine since I bought it earlier this year.
However, I discovered that the backup of my Vista drive C had stopped. I
tried to click on the share (from my XP machine) and get "Access denied"
errors. I had changed nothing on the Vista machine nor the XP machine. I am
guessing that an MS patch on the Vista machine somehow changed the way
sharing of drive C on Vista works. I know it is not a good idea to share the
root drive, but my simple backup scheme requires it.
I tried your suggestions but I got stumped when I got to the part about
the Group or user account which is to have access". I want my XP machine to
have access, but do not see how to specify that. Any help would be
"JRB Associates" wrote:
> You are actually raising several issues. For backup, depending on what you
> are doing you may need an agent to allow access to open files. On the other
> hand, if open file access is not an issue, then access to drive shares from
> the network is a different issue. Vista has more security features than
> previous operating systems, so it can potentially be more complex, due to
> the number of variables involved.
> Far and away the simplest scenario, is if Vista is joined to a domain,
> typically in a business setting. This typically involves having user
> accounts and passwords in effect. If this is the case, then sharing any part
> of the Vista hard disk is quite simple. Right-click the folder (or root) to
> be shared. Select Share. Choose Advanced Sharing, then select "Share this
> Folder". Select Permissions then Add. Select Advanced then Find Now. Select
> the Group or user account which is to have access. Then select OK. Select OK
> again. There should now be a list of users and/or groups which have
> permission to access the share. Choose which permissions to allow for the
> various users and groups. The important thing to do, is to remove Everyone.
> If Everyone remains, it will not work as expected. Now click OK, OK and
> Close. At this point the share should be accessable.
> The important thing to note is that the user accounts must have passwords in
> addition to removing Everyone. The process above has worked perfectly, and
> repeatably in a domain environment. I have never tried it in a workgroup
> setting so cannot comment for that scenario. If there are no passwords for
> the accounts, then from what I know there may be trouble.
> Sharing the root can be dangerous (security wise). This is is why a domain
> works well, if the groups and user accounts are carefully chosen.
> Best of luck,
> John Baker
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- Attorney/Advocate Resource Center
- Assisted Housing Preservation
- HUD Multifamily Housing Preservation
- RHS/RD Housing Preservation
- Basic Guides to Preservation Advocacy
- Public Housing
- Section 3 Program
- Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers
- Domestic Violence and Housing
- Foreclosure Crisis
- Language Access to Housing (LEP)
- Reasonable Accommodation for Persons w/ Disabilities
- Utility and Energy Issues
- Low Income Housing Tax Credit
- Resident Engagement
- Choice Neighborhoods Initiative
- Assisted Housing Preservation
- Publications, Trainings, and Webinars
- NHLP Store
- Housing Justice Network
- Help for Tenants, Homeowners, and Homeless
- Support NHLP
- About NHLP
Federal fair housing law imposes on the Department of Treasury and state housing finance agencies (HFAs) an obligation to promote racial and ethnic desegregation. Both the Treasury and state HFAs are required “affirmatively to further” fair housing.
While the IRS is generally responsible for the LIHTC program, in 2000 it entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) to enforce Fair Housing laws. HUD is generally charged with enforcing the Fair Housing Act, and may refer cases to the DOJ. The MOU explains that HUD and DOJ will provide technical assistance and training to the IRS and HFAs regarding fair housing laws.
Issues in LIHTC Fair Housing
Currently, the IRS and HUD do not view LIHTC properties as being federal financial assistance for the purposes of Section 504 and other civil rights laws. However, in the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act of 2009 (ARRA), Congress created two programs to address the current shortfall in usage of tax credits. American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, H.R. 1, 111th Cong. (1st Sess. 2009). First, Congress created a gap financing program using HOME funds, which fall under the scope of federal financial assistance. Second, it enacted a tax credit exchange program. In this program, an HFA is authorized to exchange 100% of unused 2007 and 2008 LIHTC and 40% of its2009 allocation to developers, and will receive 85 cents on the dollar. The exchange results in a direct up-front grant to the state housing finance agency from the Treasury Department to be used to make “subawards” to qualified low-income housing buildings whether or not they have otherwise received tax credits. Thus, these new programs subject LIHTC properties receiving such funds to Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Click here for a Housing Law Bulletin article regarding the application of Section 504 to ARRA-funded LIHTC projects.
Proposed Data Collection
HUD released proposed data collection methodology, in accordance with the Housing and Economic and Recovery Act of 2008, regarding the collection of certain demographic and economic information on households residing in LIHTC properties. The IRS released proposed regulations guiding the collection of such information.
Litigation: Inclusive Communities Project v. Texas Dep’t. of Hous. and Cmty. Affairs, No. 3:08-CV-0546-D (N.D. Tex.)
In the context of other housing programs, several courts of appeal have held that the “affirmatively to further” duty prohibits an agency from funding housing developments that will exacerbate racial concentration. Similarly, Treasury and state HFAs should be obligated to reject tax credit applications that would worsen racial concentration. Under this presumption, the Inclusive Communities Project brought a lawsuit against the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs The ICP filed an initial complaint on March 28, 2008, alleging that TDHCA had violated the Fair Housing Act (FHA), the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, and 42 U.S.C. § 1982 by using race as a consideration in siting LIHTC properties and disproportionately allocating tax credits in areas primarily comprised of people of color while denying credits in predominantly white neighborhoods, thus making housing unavailable based on race, color and national origin. The case survived an initial motion to dismiss. Click here for an article on the court’s ruling.
State QAPs and Fair Housing
Some state HFAs have implemented methods by which to comply with fair housing laws. The primary mechanism by which state HFAs have worked on fair housing is through including certain requirements in their QAPS. For example, some HFAs prioritize tax credits in areas with high economic opportunity. The Poverty & Race Research Action Council and Lawyers’ Committee For Civil Rights Under Law have prepared a more extensive study on best practices regarding fair housing.
|Proposed Regulations.pdf||47.38 KB|
|ICP Article January 2009.pdf||75.34 KB|
|0709acng a_LIHTC.TCAP.pdf||158.04 KB|
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Sep. 16, 1999 Scientists supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) have identified two chemicals in the brains of mice that appear to play a major role in the addiction process. Their study appears in the September 16 issue of Nature.
Cocaine users may take the drug anywhere from several times to several years before they become addicted. However, at a certain point, their use becomes compulsive and they have great difficulty quitting.
Determining what happens in the brain at this point has been a major goal for scientists seeking to understand the mechanisms of cocaine addiction.
"It seems that prolonged drug use eventually causes a 'switch' to be thrown in the brain, symbolizing the onset of addiction," says NIDA Director Dr. Alan I. Leshner. "With this new research, we are beginning to understand exactly what that switch is and how it works, and this should help us develop medications to turn the switch off."
One component of the switch appears to be the activation of a gene that codes for the production of a protein called delta-FosB. Researchers have known for several years that prolonged administration of cocaine or other drugs of abuse increases the production of this protein in the nucleus accumbens, an area important for the perception of pleasure. They also knew that delta-FosB belongs to a class of chemicals that turn on other genes. However, which genes delta-FosB was activating and how this contributed to addiction was a mystery.
To learn more about the role of delta-FosB in the addiction process, researchers at Yale University, Harvard Medical School, and Northwestern University developed mice with an extra delta-FosB gene that, when activated, produced large quantities of the chemical in the nucleus accumbens. They figured that studying the effects of high delta-FosB levels on the animals' responses to cocaine would shed light on its role in cocaine's effects and why long-term cocaine administration increases production of this protein.
The researchers found that adding the extra delta-FosB gene caused the mice to become more sensitive to the pleasurable, or rewarding, effects of cocaine, a change that is thought to play an important role in the development of cocaine craving and addiction. This suggested that the increase in delta-FosB levels that occurs during long-term cocaine administration may be at least partially responsible for the increase in cocaine reward.
But how does delta-FosB make cocaine more rewarding? The researchers speculated that delta-FosB might be activating one of the genes that produces components, or subunits, of brain chemicals called glutamate receptors. Glutamate is one of the compounds that carries messages among neurons (nerve cells) in the brain. After being released by certain neurons, glutamate binds to glutamate receptors on the surface of receiving neurons, thereby affecting their activity, which in turn affects brain function. Studies have suggested that changes in glutamate receptors, perhaps involving changes in individual components or subunits of the receptors, may be important in cocaine addiction.
The scientists found that switching on the delta-FosB gene increased the production of one glutamate receptor subunit designated GluR2. Furthermore, this increase occurred specifically in the nucleus accumbens.
To determine whether an increase in GluR2 production might increase sensitivity to cocaine reward, the researchers used viral vectors to transfer a GluR2 gene directly into the nucleus accumbens of one group of mice, which increased GluR2 production in this region. For comparison, they also transferred genes for other glutamate receptor subunits and other proteins into other groups of mice.
They found that inserting the GluR2 gene but not the other genes dramatically enhanced sensitivity to cocaine reward. This suggested that changes in glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens may be the second component in the addiction switch. The next step, according to the scientists, is to determine how these changes lead to the abnormal brain responses to cocaine that constitute addiction.
Note: The full text of the paper, "Expression of the Transcription Factor delta-FosB in the Brain Controls Sensitivity to Cocaine," can be found in Nature, Volume 401, Number 6750, Pages 272-276.
NIDA supports more than 85 percent of the world's research on the health aspects of drug abuse and addiction. The Institute also carries out a large variety of programs to ensure the rapid dissemination of research information and its implementation in policy and practice. Fact sheets on health effects of drugs of abuse and other topics can be ordered free of charge in English and Spanish, by calling NIDA Infofax at 1-888-NIH-NIDA (-644-6432) or 1-888-TTY-NIDA (-889-6432) for the deaf. These fact sheets and further information on NIDA research and other activities can be found on the NIDA home page at http://www.nida.nih.gov/.
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
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4 December 2009
The McMurdo Dry Valleys are a row of valleys west of McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, so named because of their extremely low humidity and lack of snow and ice cover. Photosynthetic bacteria have been found living in the relatively moist interior of rocks. Scientists consider the Dry Valleys to be the closest of any terrestrial environment to Mars.
With its 14 spectral bands from the visible to the thermal infrared wavelength region and its high spatial resolution of about 50 to 300 feet, ASTER images Earth to map and monitor the changing surface of our planet. ASTER is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched Dec. 18, 1999, on NASA's Terra satellite. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for validation and calibration of the instrument and the data products.
The broad spectral coverage and high spectral resolution of ASTER provides scientists with critical information for surface mapping and monitoring of dynamic conditions and temporal change.
The McMurdo Dry Valleys are a row of valleys in Antarctica located within Victoria Land west of McMurdo Sound. The region is one of the world's most extreme deserts, and includes many interesting features including Lake Vida and the Onyx River, Antarctica's longest river.
This image was acquired by Landsat 7’s Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) instrument on December 18, 1999.
Credit: Image by Robert Simmon, based on data provided by the NASA GSFC Oceans and Ice Branch and the Landsat 7 Science Team
One of the few areas of Antarctica not covered by thousands of meters of ice, the McMurdo Dry Valleys stand out in this satellite image. For a few weeks each summer temperatures are warm enough to melt glacial ice, creating streams that feed freshwater lakes that lie at the bottom of the valleys. Beneath a cap of ice these lakes remains unfrozen year-round, supporting colonies of bacteria and phytoplankton. Over the past 14 years, however, summers have been colder than usual, and the lakes are becoming more and more frozen. If the trend continues, the biological communities they support may go into hibernation.
Most of Antarctica has cooled along with the Dry Valleys, in contrast to much of the rest of the Earth, which has warmed over the past 100 years. No one knows if the trend is related to global climate, or just a quirk in the weather.
The unique conditions in the Dry Valleys are caused, in part, by katabatic winds: these occur when cold, dense air is pulled downhill by the force of gravity. The winds can reach speeds of 320 km/h (200 mph), evaporating all water, ice and snow.
Unusual bacteria have been found in Blood Falls at the tongue of the Taylor Glacier, above the ice-covered surface of Lake Bonney in Taylor Valley.
The image is a scan of my old print. The image was taken by Mila Zinkova
Part of the Valleys was designated an environmentally protected area in 2004.
Major geographic features
|The Dry Valleys of Antarctica
Pictures © 1977 Thierry Cappelle and © 1996 Billy, Laura Connor and Effie Jarret; used with permission.
"Sure, the lion is king of the jungle, but airdrop him into Antarctica, and he's just a penguin's bitch." — Dennis Miller.On this page:
Images by Billy, Laura Connor and Effie Jarret
The dry valleys are strange: except for a few steep rocks they are the only continental part of Antarctica devoid of ice. Located in the Trans-Antarctic Range, they correspond to a mountain area where evaporation (or rather, sublimation) is more important than snowfall, thus all the ice disappears, leaving dry barren land.
Here a glacier coming from the continental ice field flows down the valley and just dries out. In summer there can be rivers in the Dry Valleys. Moss and some other form of vegetation grow. Some lakes have strange characteristics, like lake Vanda, always covered with ice, but with salt-saturated liquid water underneath and very mysterious biology. Mummified bodies of seals have been found in those parts, hundreds of kilometers from the sea.
The Dry Valleys are a favorite
exploration spot for geologists and microbiologists. I've never been there,
those pictures were taken by Laura Connor and Effie Jarret who flew over
them several times during their remote sensing missions.
Images by Thierry Cappelle
Height of the ice: 30 to 50 meters.
If you want more info on the Dry Valleys, there's an excellent site.
SOURCE: The Dry Valleys of Antarctica
|FAIR USE NOTICE: This page contains copyrighted material the use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. Pegasus Research Consortium distributes this material without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. We believe this constitutes a fair use of any such copyrighted material as provided for in 17 U.S.C § 107. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond fair use, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.|
Webpages © 2001-2010
Blue Knight Productions
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The Supreme Court has ordered the DGCA to explain why the new norms for rationalising the flying hours for pilots were not implemented.
The North American Punjabi Association (NAPA) in a statement has asked the Indian government to increase the limit to Rs 3 lakh from the current Rs 1.5 lakh.
The rule has been amended for Indian passenger who has been residing abroad for over an year or a person who is transferring his residence to India.
Flights will soon take straight routes from Chennai to Mumbai,Delhi and Kolkata and save time and fuel as pilots will not have to take detours to avoid military airspace.
The EU's trade chief will recommend placing punitive import duties on billions of euros of solar panels from China, people close to the matter say, in a protectionist move that risks upsetting Beijing.
A show cause notice raising a demand of Rs 252 crore has been served on confectionery major Cadbury India Limited for alleged excise duty evasion.
The system can resolve depth on the millimetre scale over long distances using a detector that can "count" individual photons.
Experienced flight attendants or fresh graduates are also eligible, an offer that provides a ray of hope for cabin crew of grounded Kingfisher Airlines.
Minister of Civil Aviation Ajit Singh has directed Air India to immediately implement the Guidelines of Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA)/ Civil Aviation Requirements (CAR) on Flight Duty Time Limitations (FDTL) for its pilots and crew members. After a comparative study was done of FDTL of other private airlines with AI pilots , the analysis... more
I'm honored to help host New Hampshire's law enforcement officers during National Police Week ... This year's ceremonies will hold special meaning for our state as Greenland Police Chief Michael Maloney's name is added to the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial at Judiciary Square.
We ride for those who died
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Tuesday 18 October 2011
A large portion of synthetic biology research is concerned with making tools. They apply complementary informatics, design, and genetic engineering approaches to the problem of genetic circuits.
Also, databases such as the Parts Registry encourage cataloguing such data. Finding enough genetic parts there for a novel function, however, is still a long way away.
Tools such as GenoCAD, ProMoT, and others allow user-friendly design of circuits, SynBioSS allows in silico chemical simulation of genetic circuits, and Clotho permits versatile data management.
The software projects are exciting because of what they would permit in the future; wet lab projects are exciting for what they allow now.
Labs are working on not only the characterization of basic parts—promoters, repressors, activators, and so on—but also advanced components: bistable switches, scaffolds, and metabolic pathways.
Though this research may seem purely foundational, it is done with numerous industrial uses in mind—these are engineers we’re talking about, after all.
Protein scaffolding was demonstrated in optimizing the mevalonate pathway, which is three steps in the synthesis of artemisinin, an antimalarial drug.
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Dairy farmers face ruin amid supermarket milk war
Written on the 14th of February 2013 by ABC
Dairy farmers say they are struggling to survive as major supermarkets wage a milk war offering prices as low as $1 a litre.
With the industry gripped by crisis, 500 dairy farmers and local business people flocked to a meeting in Tongala, in northern Victoria, on Wednesday to try and work out a way to challenge the huge chains.
They came in the hope of finding some answers from politicians and business leaders.
Businessman Dick Smith, Nationals Senate leader Barnaby Joyce and Independent MP Bob Katter were among the speakers.
"Milk is cheaper than water, we have to do something about it," Senator Joyce told the crowd.
It's like a slow cancer eating away, before long we won't be here.
Dairy farmer Pete Middlebrook is one of those whose livelihood is under threat because he is selling milk at just 35 cents a litre.
"For the sake of the consumer, paying an extra 10 to 15 cents a litre, that's all we need. Ten to 15 cents litre on all our domestic milk and it's a simple solution, but no one's got enough guts," he said.
Fellow dairy farmer, 48-year-old Nigel Hicks says he is selling his milk for even less.
"At the moment the milk price we've been getting is 25 or 26 cents a litre. The cost of production does vary from farm to farm, but for us it's around 43 cents a litre," he said.
He has increased his borrowings from the bank to stay afloat, but he cannot make the farm pay.
At sunrise and sunset seven days a week, Mr Hicks brings his cows in to be milked.
Three days a week he works a 20-hour day, milking his 150 cows morning and night as well as working on a neighbouring farm to get some cash income.
"The days I'm working off farm it's a 3:30 in morning start, then I get home at 11:00 most nights," he said.
He has worked in the dairy industry for 30 years and survived the decade-long drought.
But he says today things are tougher than ever.
There are now 6,700 dairy farmers in Australia, down from almost 12,000 just over a decade ago.
Mr Hicks says he has watched many neighbouring farmers shut the farm gate for the last time.
"Just in this block there were 12 or 13 farms. [It's] down to three now. It's like a slow cancer eating away, before long we won't be here," he said.
Down the road, Phil and Tania McKenna have put their dairy farm on the market.
The McKennas cannot see a future for them or their two boys in dairying.
For Mr McKenna, a fourth generation dairy farmer, it is a bitter pill.
"In our situation, we've built what we've got over generations. We keep chewing up our equity. We can't go back to the bank all the time," he said.
"There comes a time when you've got to stop. That's why we're getting out because I don't want to walk away with nothing."
The McKennas battled through the drought by borrowing money against the farm, then they were hit by last year's flood, losing newly planted crops and equipment.
In recent years, the cost of buying fuel, feed, water and power have skyrocketed.
Tania McKenna says when their milk cheque comes in on the 15th of each month, the phone starts ringing with businesses keen to be paid.
"The phone will ring: 'Are you able to pay off that bill this month?' You get to the point I just don't want to answer it," she said.
Two years ago Coles discounted its home brand milk to $1 a litre.
There comes a time when you've got to stop. That's why we're getting out because I don't want to walk away with nothing.
Its decision sparked a milk war as the other supermarket chains followed suit.
Farmers claim that has driven down the farm gate milk price, especially in Queensland, New South Wales and Western Australia, where most of Australia's drinking milk is produced.
Peak industry group, Australian Dairy Farmers, says it has been lobbying supermarkets to lift the retail price.
But Coles argues the milk war is not to blame, launching an online PR campaign two weeks ago, painting theirs as a small role in the bigger picture.
They say they only buy 4 per cent of the total milk produced in Australia and much more is exported, where the high Australian dollar is having an impact.
However, Coles actually buys 20 per cent of the total volume of white milk produced for the domestic market.
Dairy Farmers president Noel Campbell says Coles' spin is misleading.
"Part of the reason why people are so angry with the Coles situation is, whether you supply domestic or the export market, people think milk being sold for $1 a litre is just wrong," he said.
"The amount of capital expended on farm, the amount of labour expended on the farm, long hours etcetera, people just see it as a slap in the face."
Coles is owned by Wesfarmers, a company that began life as a farmers co-operative.
It declined 7.30's request for an interview, saying none of its executives were available.
Farmers attending the meeting in northern Victoria on Wednesday have formed a protest group, called Farmer Power.
The group says it is prepared to blockade supermarkets to highlight the retailers' chase for profits at the expense of primary industries.
One of Farmer Power's demands is a possible return to a floor price for domestic milk.
Independent MP Bob Katter says when the industry was deregulated the price went from 57 cents to 42 cents a litre overnight.
In an election year, the discontent in the industry has been a lightning rod for politicians competing for votes in the bush.
"Are any of those things going to change if you keep voting the way you've been voting? No they won't change," Mr Katter told the crowd at Tongala.
But for Phil McKenna, the meeting came too late.
After four generations of dairying he is devastated to be at the end of the line, but he has maintained a sense of humour.
"My great great-grandfather was the first one out from Ireland here in Nathalia. He was the sanitary disposal man in there," he said.
"I said to my Mum: 'It's ironic but we started in the shit and now we're finishing in it'."
Extracted in full from: www.abc.net.au
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The HELPS One-on-One Program was developed by integrating eight separate instructional strategies shown in previous research to meaningfully improve students' reading fluency. With many of these strategies, students' reading comprehension also improved as a result of the strategy. Equally important, more recent research has shown that the effects of these strategies are most effective when used in combination with one another. As such, the HELPS One-on-One Program was designed to integrate each of the most scientifically-supported strategies within a single instructional program. Throughout its development, HELPS was also designed so it could be (a) feasibly learned and implemented by numerous teachers, (b) fun and appropriate for students of varying reading-ability levels, and (c) educationally meaningful for both students and teachers.
Given the previous research supporting the effectiveness of the eight aforementioned strategies, the integration of these strategies into the HELPS Program makes it a strongly evidence-based program for improving students' reading fluency. The HELPS Program Teacher's Manual provides additional information about the development of this Program and how it is unique compared to other reading programs.
Another critical feature in the development of the HELPS One-on-One Program was to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of the Program in school settings. As of September 2009, seven separate studies have evaluated this particular HELPS Program. Methodological characteristics of most of these studies were as follows: (a) most studies involved comparisons of one or more groups against a "treatment-as-usual" control group; (b) assessments of reading improvement included multiple standardized measures of fluency, comprehension, and basic reading skills; and (c) participants included mostly first through fourth grade students.
The overall findings from this research revealed the following:
1. Students who received the HELPS Program usually improved their reading abilities more than students who did not receive the program.
2. Students receiving the HELPS Program often improved both their fluency and comprehension.
3. First and second grade students of varying reading abilities generally benefitted from the Program, including students with reading difficulties.
4. Preliminary evidence suggests that HELPS also shows promise as a valid method of progress monitoring in reading.
5. Initial evidence shows that HELPS can meaningfully improve students' reading skills when used as part of an after-school program for low-income students with reading difficulties.
Given these findings, the HELPS One-on-One Program has strong preliminary evidence as being research-validated, in addition to being evidence-based. The HELPS Program Teacher's Manual summarizes the first seven research studies conducted with the One-on-One Program and further describes how the HELPS Program can be considered research-validated and evidence-based.
Of the studies summarized above, a full-length report of each study is in the process of being submitted, reviewed, and/or published in peer-reviewed professional journals. Click here for information and updates about published research related to HELPS. In addition, research with all HELPS Programs (e.g., the one-on-one program, the program for small groups, the program for Spanish speakers) continues. As additional research studies create new knowledge and information about the effects of HELPS Programs, this information will be summarized on this website and eventually appear in scholarly journals.
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This video is called John McCain Flip Flops on Gay Marriage.
John McCain Sells His Soul to the Right: Backs Off on Torture Ban
Has there ever been a more repugnant example of political pandering than John McCain’s decision to vote against a bill banning waterboarding, putting hoods on prisoners, forcing them to perform sex acts, subjecting them to mock executions, or depriving them of food, water, and medical treatment?
That’s right, John McCain, the former POW who has long been an outspoken critic of the Bush administration’s disturbing embrace of extreme interrogation techniques.
But that was before his desperate attempt to win over the lunatic fringe that is running the Grand Old Party.
Earlier this week, I showed how outdated the image of McCain as an independent-thinking maverick had become — and called on the media and independent voters to snap out of their 2000 reverie and see the 2008 McCain for what he has turned into: a Rove-embracing Bush clone, willing to jettison his principles in his hunger for the presidency.
And now comes this latest unconscionable capitulation, which should drive a stake through the heart of the McCain-as-straight-talker meme once and for all.
McCain the maverick had been unequivocal in his condemnation of torture, and eloquent in expressing why. “We’ve sent a message to the world that the United States is not like the terrorists,” he said at an Oval Office appearance in December 2005, after he had forced the president to endorse an earlier torture ban McCain had authored and pushed through (a ban the president quickly subverted with a signing statement). “What we are is a nation that upholds values and standards of behavior and treatment of all people, no matter how evil or bad they are. And I think this will help us enormously in winning the war for the hearts and minds of people throughout the world in the war on terror.”
He made a similar case on the campaign trail in Iowa in October 2007: “When I was imprisoned, I took heart from the fact that I knew my North Vietnamese captors would never be treated like I was treated by them. There are much better and more effective ways to get information. You torture someone long enough, he’ll tell you whatever he thinks you want to know.”
And there was this pithy and powerful summation of why torture should never be an option: “It’s not about who they are, it’s about who we are.”
Of course, all that was before he put his conscience in leg irons — and before caving to the would-be Torquemadas on the Right became his campaign strategy.
Now we get tortured logic instead. Taking to the Senate floor to justify his vote against the torture ban yesterday, McCain twisted himself in knots trying to explain how he could sponsor a bill — the 2006 Detainee Treatment Act — that prohibits the use of any cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment by the military while voting against a bill that would extend that ban to the CIA and other intelligence agencies: “It is important to the war on terror that the CIA have the ability to [detain and interrogate terrorists]. At the same time the CIA’s interrogation program has to abide by the rules, including the standards of the Detainee Treatment Act.”
Got that? The CIA has to abide by rules prohibiting torture but we can’t tie the CIA’s hands by making it abide by rules prohibiting torture. Straight talk, RIP.
What’s more, McCain said he voted against the bill because it would be a mistake to “tie the CIA to the Army Field Manual” — a Manual he gave a ringing endorsement to in a November debate: “I just came back from visiting a prison in Iraq. The army general there said that techniques under the Army Field Manual are working and working effectively, and he didn’t think they need to do anything else. My friends, this is what America is all about.”
But not apparently once you have the White House in your sights. Then all bets — and deeply held convictions — are off.
The media and independent voters need to stop offering McCain valentines, and start interrogating him — humanely, of course — about the Faustian bargain he has struck.
McCain Flip Flops on Ethics Reform – Pandering: video here.
McCain flip flops on Social Security: here.
Bush defends torture: here.
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Empathy for others is a trait that must be learned -- and parents are the best people to teach it. Volunteering together is an excellent way to increase your child's social and emotional growth while spending quality time together.
Halloween is the biggest night of the year for kids -- and for accidents involving kids. Here are some tips to ensure your trick-or-treaters are running to ring doorbells and not racing to the emergency room.More >>
In the mood to clown around with your kids? Step right up! Grab a kazoo and some face paint, and create your own magical circus -- no tickets required!More >>
By Gail Belsky
When temperatures soar, families hit the beach. In 2009, an estimated 300 million Americans spread out their towels and smelled the sea air, according to the United States Lifesaving Association (USLA).
But while beach outings are one of the highlights of summer, they also present serious hazards -- from sunburn and jellyfish stings to riptides and lightning. Here's how to protect your family:
Some experts believe that just one blistering sunburn can double your risk for getting skin cancer, which is why the American Cancer Society recommends avoiding prolonged exposure to the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when the sun's ultraviolet rays are strongest. Make a firm rule that kids sit under a beach umbrella whenever they're not swimming. Have them wear a hat, sunglasses and a shirt or cover up when they're walking around or playing in the sand. And of course, slather on the sunscreen and SPF lip balm.
Tip: Choose a sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and use approximately 2 tablespoons of it to cover your entire body. Apply a half hour before heading out, and reapply every two hours or right after swimming or heavy sweating.
When you spend too much time in the sun and heat or have a severe sunburn that gives off heat, it's easy to become dehydrated. Dehydration occurs when your body loses too much water and essential salts, and the symptoms include dizziness, thirst and fatigue. Children and adults over age 60 are most -- and are at greater risk of developing life-threatening complications if they don't replace lost fluids. The key to preventing and treating mild dehydration is simple: Drink plenty of fluids, including sports drinks, which restore body fluids, salt and electrolytes.
Tip: In addition to drinks, pack your cooler with fruit, which has a high liquid content. Cold watermelon chunks or frozen grapes are summertime favorites.
Nearly 80 percent of beach lifeguard rescues are due to riptides -- strong currents of water that pull away from the shore -- according to the USLA. The worst thing you can do if you're caught in a riptide is try to fight the currents and swim to shore. Remember to stay calm and swim parallel to the shore until the current relaxes -- which usually doesn't take long -- and then swim to shore. Or just float or tread water until you're out of the current. Teach your kids to do the same if they get caught too.
Tip: Swim near a lifeguard. The chance of drowning is five times higher at a beach that doesn't have one, according to the USLA.
Jellyfish are a pain -- literally -- to swimmers in every ocean of the world. Some are harmless, but others are poisonous, with barbed tentacles that inflict pain and irritation on people who come in contact with them. Mild to moderate stings can produce immediate burning pain, itching, blisters, numbness and tingling. They can also leave painful red marks that may take one or two months to go away. But prevention is easy: Don't swim, play or sit anywhere near them! (Note: If you feel sick or have trouble breathing after a jellyfish sting or if the stings cover a large area, seek emergency treatment.)
Tip: Soothe the discomfort with ice packs and skin creams.
Lightning kills about 60 Americans a year, according to the National Weather Service, and injures more than 300, often leaving them with debilitating long-term conditions such as memory loss, dizziness, chronic pain and muscle spasms. Lightning can strike as far as 10 miles from where it's raining. As soon as you hear thunder, leave the beach and take shelter in an enclosed vehicle or building. (Open-sided beach pavilions or snack shacks won't protect you.) Stay off the beach for 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder.
Tip: When you get to the beach, scope out a safe shelter in case there's thunder. Make sure your kids know to come out of the water at the first rumble.
Copyright (c) 2010 Studio One Networks. All rights reserved.
Gail Belskyhas worked on a variety of women's publications, including Parents, Working Mother and All You, and she recently wrote a book for women, entitled The List: 100 Ways to Shake Up Your Life. She is the managing editor of Your Family Today.
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Western Pennsylvanians increasingly work outside the counties they call home, Census Bureau data released Tuesday show.
"People are more likely than ever to cross county lines for work," said Harold D. Miller, president of Future Strategies, a Downtown management and policy consulting firm.
Although most commute to Allegheny County from one of nine surrounding counties, a growing number of Allegheny County residents go elsewhere for work, particularly Butler, Washington and Westmoreland counties.
The American Community Survey found 23.9 percent of the 1.2 million workers in the 10-county region surrounding Pittsburgh held jobs outside their home counties between 2006 and 2010, up from 22.7 percent in the 2000 Census.
Nationally, about 27.4 percent of all workers traveled outside their home counties for jobs, compared with 26.7 percent in 2000.
The census said 8.1 percent of workers have commutes of at least one hour. About 23 percent of them use public transportation, while 61.1 percent drive alone, data show.
"People have been moving farther and farther out (of Pittsburgh) for decades, to get more property and access to lower taxes," said Rebecca Miller, 27, of New Brighton, who uses her car and a mix of Port Authority of Allegheny County routes to get to and from her job in the University of Pittsburgh's registrar's office.
Allegheny County residents are the least likely Western Pennsylvanians to cross a county line for a job. About 9.3 percent of the county's 582,386 workers did so between 2006 and 2010, compared with 7.8 percent in 2000.
The census shows that 11,125 Allegheny County residents commuted to Butler County for work, a 41 percent jump over 2000. Since the last census, business development soared in Butler County, particularly its southern half.
Although Miller said "manufacturing jobs tend to be disproportionately based outside Allegheny County," much of Butler County's growth occurred in business and professional services sectors, punctuated most notably by Westinghouse Electric Co.'s decision to move its corporate headquarters to Cranberry from Monroeville. Today, Westinghouse employs about 4,300 people in Cranberry.
The survey found that 12,529 people from Allegheny County commuted to Washington County, a 36 percent increase from 2000; 14,011 commuted to Westmoreland County, a 16 percent jump.
About 38.1 percent of workers from the other nine counties crossed county lines for work between 2006 and 2010, up 1 percentage point from 2000.
Allegheny County Executive Rich Fitzgerald said the figures strengthen his case for creating a regional public transit agency to replace at least some of the 10 agencies that operate in the region.
"Many people no longer live in the county where they work, and transit needs to reflect that," Fitzgerald said.
Gov. Tom Corbett's 2013 budget proposal would require transit agencies to complete consolidation studies if they want more money from Harrisburg.
Staff writer Brian Bowling contributed to this report. Tom Fontaine is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. He can be reached at 412-320-7847 or email@example.com.
Copyright 2013 - The Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
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Death penalty acquittal recharges capital punishment debate listen12/28/12 Janelle Irwin
WMNF Drive-Time News Friday | Listen to this entire show:
A South Florida death row inmate was acquitted last week of a 1994 triple murder. Seth Penalver, is now a free man after being also acquitted of armed robbery and armed burglary.
Mark Elliot is the director of Floridians for Alternatives to the Death Penalty. I spoke with him today about what the acquittal means for the future of the death penalty in Florida.
"Florida has, by far, the most exonerated [sic] death row inmates with 24. No state comes close. Since the 1970's we've exonerated those 24 innocent people from death row and we've executed 74 people. We've had 1 exoneration for every 3 executions. Frank Lee Smith was exonerated after he died of cancer on death row after he was there 15 years. He was the only one not freed, every one else was freed."
What would you like to see happen? Is this something where you'd like to see legislative action, perhaps changes to the justice system itself? Where do we go from here?
"The number of death sentences nationally has fallen dramatically in the last few years. In Florida it's ramped up. And while these other states are reducing their death sentences mostly due to the high cost of the system and the risk of executing innocent people we're condemning the most people to death of any state and releasing record numbers of innocent people from death row so it just doesn't add up. It's time for Governor Scott to act and call a halt to executions in Florida to prevent the possible execution of other wrongfully convicted people."
He (Seth Palver) has spent more than half of his life in jail for a crime that he was exonerated of, is he going to get any kind of compensation for that? Is he entitled to any kind of legal recourse, maybe a civil action any thing like that that you know of?
"The recourse, the paths that are open for compensation are difficult and take years to have any chance of success. It's really a cumbersome program in Florida and very, very few people are compensated to any degree. When a person is exonerated from death row, like Seth Palver, they essentially get the pair of jeans they have on and the shirt and the shoes and maybe a bus ticket. And that's it. And it's 'see you later'. No counseling, no funds for anything, no help whatsoever. They actually get less resources than someone who is guilty and served their time."
Is there any speculation and concerns that perhaps there are people that have been executed or that are still sitting on death row, that aren't going to get exonerated that perhaps should be?
"The state fights tooth and nail against these exonerations and it's likely there's more innocent people on death row. It's anybody's guess how many innocent people have been executed in Florida. There's at least half a dozen people who've been executed that there are serious doubts about their guilt."
That was Mark Elliot, director of Floridians for Alternatives to the Death Penalty talking about the acquittal of Seth Penalver in South Florida.
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A digest of important news from sources selected by our local editors. Delivered weekday mornings.
Xcel Energy’s local subsidiary will buy 252 megawatts of power from a northeastern Colorado wind farm planned by Renewable Energy Systems Americas Inc.
The two companies reached a 20-year deal for Public Service Co. of Colorado to buy the electricity from the Cedar Point wind farm that Broomfield-based RES Americas plans to start building this summer and have operating in 2011.
“The power purchase agreement with [Xcel’s Colorado unit] Public Service Company of Colorado represents a major milestone in the development and construction of Cedar Point Wind, said Craig Mataczynski, president of RES Americas, in a press release. “With the agreement in place, RES Americas is one step closer to bringing clean power and jobs to the state of Colorado.”
Cedar Point, located in Lincoln and Elbert counties, will be the second-largest wind farm in the state once completed. RES Americas will also build and own a 42-mile transmission line connecting the wind farm to a Public Service Co. substation.
Construction of the wind farm is expected to generate 100 to 200 jobs during construction.
RES Americas will be using Vestas wind turbines built in Colorado.
Cedar Point helps Xcel Energy meet renewable energy goals it set in response to state standards demanding alternative energy sources comprise 20 percent of the power generated in the state.
“Not only will this project help us meet our renewable energy standard for Colorado in, it will be our first wind energy purchase from a facility constructed in Colorado using turbines built in Colorado,” said Tom Imbler, Xcel Energy vice president for commercial operations.
The 252 megawatts deal is the entire capacity of what the wind farm is expected to produce during normal conditions. It’s enough electricity to power 68,000 homes.
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Summa Theologica, by St. Thomas Aquinas, , at sacred-texts.com
We must now consider Christ's prayer; and under this head there are four points of inquiry:
(1) Whether it is becoming that Christ should pray?
(2) Whether it pertains to Him in respect of His sensuality?
(3) Whether it is becoming to Him to pray for Himself or only for others?
(4) Whether every prayer of His was heard?
Objection 1: It would seem unbecoming that Christ should pray. For, as Damascene says (De Fide Orth. iii, 24), "prayer is the asking for becoming things from God." But since Christ could do all things, it does not seem becoming to Him to ask anything from anyone. Therefore it does not seem fitting that Christ should pray.
Objection 2: Further, we need not ask in prayer for what we know for certain will happen; thus, we do not pray that the sun may rise tomorrow. Nor is it fitting that anyone should ask in prayer for what he knows will not happen. But Christ in all things knew what would happen. Therefore it was not fitting that He should ask anything in prayer.
Objection 3: Further, Damascene says (De Fide Orth. iii, 24) that "prayer is the raising up of the mind to God." Now Christ's mind needed no uplifting to God, since His mind was always united to God, not only by the union of the hypostasis, but by the fruition of beatitude. Therefore it was not fitting that Christ should pray.
On the contrary, It is written (Lk. 6:12): "And it came to pass in those days, that He went out into a mountain, and He passed the whole night in the prayer of God."
I answer that, As was said in the SS, Q, AA,2, prayer is the unfolding of our will to God, that He may fulfill it. If, therefore, there had been but one will in Christ, viz. the Divine, it would nowise belong to Him to pray, since the Divine will of itself is effective of whatever He wishes by it, according to Ps. 134:6: "Whatsoever the Lord pleased, He hath done." But because the Divine and the human wills are distinct in Christ, and the human will of itself is not efficacious enough to do what it wishes, except by Divine power, hence to pray belongs to Christ as man and as having a human will.
Reply to Objection 1: Christ as God and not as man was able to carry out all He wished, since as man He was not omnipotent, as stated above (Q, A ). Nevertheless being both God and man, He wished to offer prayers to the Father, not as though He were incompetent, but for our instruction. First, that He might show Himself to be from the Father; hence He says (Jn. 11:42): "Because of the people who stand about I have said it" (i.e. the words of the prayer) "that they may believe that Thou hast sent Me." Hence Hilary says (De Trin. x): "He did not need prayer. It was for us He prayed, lest the Son should be unknown." Secondly, to give us an example of prayer; hence Ambrose says (on Lk. 6:12): "Be not deceived, nor think that the Son of God prays as a weakling, in order to beseech what He cannot effect. For the Author of power, the Master of obedience persuades us to the precepts of virtue by His example." Hence Augustine says (Tract. civ in Joan.): "Our Lord in the form of a servant could have prayed in silence, if need be, but He wished to show Himself a suppliant of the Father, in such sort as to bear in mind that He was our Teacher."
Reply to Objection 2: Amongst the other things which He knew would happen, He knew that some would be brought about by His prayer; and for these He not unbecomingly besought God.
Reply to Objection 3: To rise is nothing more than to move towards what is above. Now movement is taken in two ways, as is said De Anima iii, 7; first, strictly, according as it implies the passing from potentiality to act, inasmuch as it is the act of something imperfect, and thus to rise pertains to what is potentially and not actually above. Now in this sense, as Damascene says (De Fide Orth. iii, 24), "the human mind of Christ did not need to rise to God, since it was ever united to God both by personal being and by the blessed vision." Secondly, movement signifies the act of something perfect, i.e. something existing in act, as to understand and to feel are called movements; and in this sense the mind of Christ was always raised up to God, since He was always contemplating Him as existing above Himself.
Objection 1: It would seem that it pertains to Christ to pray according to His sensuality. For it is written (Ps. 83:3) in the person of Christ: "My heart and My flesh have rejoiced in the Living God." Now sensuality is called the appetite of the flesh. Hence Christ's sensuality could ascend to the Living God by rejoicing; and with equal reason by praying.
Objection 2: Further, prayer would seem to pertain to that which desires what is besought. Now Christ besought something that His sensuality desired when He said (Mat. 26:39): "Let this chalice pass from Me." Therefore Christ's sensuality prayed.
Objection 3: Further, it is a greater thing to be united to God in person than to mount to Him in prayer. But the sensuality was assumed by God to the unity of Person, even as every other part of human nature. Much more, therefore, could it mount to God by prayer.
On the contrary, It is written (Phil. 2:7) that the Son of God in the nature that He assumed was "made in the likeness of men." But the rest of men do not pray with their sensuality. Therefore, neither did Christ pray according to His sensuality.
I answer that, To pray according to sensuality may be understood in two ways. First as if prayer itself were an act of the sensuality; and in this sense Christ did not pray with His sensuality, since His sensuality was of the same nature and species in Christ as in us. Now in us the sensuality cannot pray for two reasons; first because the movement of the sensuality cannot transcend sensible things, and, consequently, it cannot mount to God, which is required for prayer; secondly, because prayer implies a certain ordering inasmuch as we desire something to be fulfilled by God; and this is the work of reason alone. Hence prayer is an act of the reason, as was said in the SS, Q, A.
Secondly, we may be said to pray according to the sensuality when our prayer lays before God what is in our appetite of sensuality; and in this sense Christ prayed with His sensuality inasmuch as His prayer expressed the desire of His sensuality, as if it were the advocate of the sensuality---and this, that He might teach us three things. First, to show that He had taken a true human nature, with all its natural affections: secondly, to show that a man may wish with his natural desire what God does not wish: thirdly, to show that man should subject his own will to the Divine will. Hence Augustine says in the Enchiridion (Serm. 1 in Ps. 32): "Christ acting as a man, shows the proper will of a man when He says 'Let this chalice pass from Me'; for this was the human will desiring something proper to itself and, so to say, private. But because He wishes man to be righteous and to be directed to God, He adds: 'Nevertheless not as I will but as Thou wilt,' as if to say, 'See thyself in Me, for thou canst desire something proper to thee, even though God wishes something else.'"
Reply to Objection 1: The flesh rejoices in the Living God, not by the act of the flesh mounting to God, but by the outpouring of the heart into the flesh, inasmuch as the sensitive appetite follows the movement of the rational appetite.
Reply to Objection 2: Although the sensuality wished what the reason besought, it did not belong to the sensuality to seek this by praying, but to the reason, as stated above.
Reply to Objection 3: The union in person is according to the personal being, which pertains to every part of the human nature; but the uplifting of prayer is by an act which pertains only to the reason, as stated above. Hence there is no parity.
Objection 1: It would seem that it was not fitting that Christ should pray for Himself. For Hilary says (De Trin. x): "Although His word of beseeching did not benefit Himself, yet He spoke for the profit of our faith." Hence it seems that Christ prayed not for Himself but for us.
Objection 2: Further, no one prays save for what He wishes, because, as was said (A), prayer is an unfolding of our will to God that He may fulfil it. Now Christ wished to suffer what He suffered. For Augustine says (Contra Faust. xxvi): "A man, though unwilling, is often angry; though unwilling, is sad; though unwilling, sleeps; though unwilling, hungers and thirsts. But He" (i.e. Christ) "did all these things, because He wished." Therefore it was not fitting that He should pray for Himself.
Objection 3: Further, Cyprian says (De Orat. Dom.): "The Doctor of Peace and Master of Unity did not wish prayers to be offered individually and privately, lest when we prayed we should pray for ourselves alone." Now Christ did what He taught, according to Acts 1:1: "Jesus began to do and to teach." Therefore Christ never prayed for Himself alone.
On the contrary, our Lord Himself said while praying (Jn. 17:1): "Glorify Thy Son."
I answer that, Christ prayed for Himself in two ways. First, by expressing the desire of His sensuality, as stated above (A); or also of His simple will, considered as a nature; as when He prayed that the chalice of His Passion might pass from Him (Mat. 26:39). Secondly, by expressing the desire of His deliberate will, which is considered as reason; as when He prayed for the glory of His Resurrection (Jn. 17:1). And this is reasonable. For as we have said above (A, ad 1) Christ wished to pray to His Father in order to give us an example of praying; and also to show that His Father is the author both of His eternal procession in the Divine Nature, and of all the good that He possesses in the human nature. Now just as in His human nature He had already received certain gifts from His Father. so there were other gifts which He had not yet received, but which He expected to receive. And therefore, as He gave thanks to the Father for gifts already received in His human nature, by acknowledging Him as the author thereof, as we read (Mat. 26:27; Jn. 11:41): so also, in recognition of His Father, He besought Him in prayer for those gifts still due to Him in His human nature, such as the glory of His body, and the like. And in this He gave us an example, that we should give thanks for benefits received, and ask in prayer for those we have not as yet.
Reply to Objection 1: Hilary is speaking of vocal prayer, which was not necessary to Him for His own sake, but only for ours. Whence he says pointedly that "His word of beseeching did not benefit Himself." For if "the Lord hears the desire of the poor," as is said in the Ps. 9:38, much more the mere will of Christ has the force of a prayer with the Father: wherefore He said (Jn. 11:42): "I know that Thou hearest Me always, but because of the people who stand about have I said it, that they may believe that Thou hast sent Me."
Reply to Objection 2: Christ wished indeed to suffer what He suffered, at that particular time: nevertheless He wished to obtain, after His passion, the glory of His body, which as yet He had not. This glory He expected to receive from His Father as the author thereof, and therefore it was fitting that He should pray to Him for it.
Reply to Objection 3: This very glory which Christ, while praying, besought for Himself, pertained to the salvation of others according to Rom. 4:25: "He rose again for our justification." Consequently the prayer which He offered for Himself was also in a manner offered for others. So also anyone that asks a boon of God that he may use it for the good of others, prays not only for himself, but also for others.
Objection 1: It would seem that Christ's prayer was not always heard. For He besought that the chalice of His passion might be taken from Him, as we read (Mat. 26:39): and yet it was not taken from Him. Therefore it seems that not every prayer of His was heard.
Objection 2: Further, He prayed that the sin of those who crucified Him might be forgiven, as is related (Lk. 23:34). Yet not all were pardoned this sin, since the Jews were punished on account thereof. Therefore it seems that not every prayer of His was heard.
Objection 3: Further, our Lord prayed for them "who would believe in Him through the word" of the apostles, that they "might all be one in Him," and that they might attain to being with Him (John 17:20, 21, 24). But not all attain to this. Therefore not every prayer of His was heard.
Objection 4: Further, it is said (Ps. 21:3) in the person of Christ: "I shall cry by day, and Thou wilt not hear." Not every prayer of His, therefore, was heard.
On the contrary, The Apostle says (Heb. 5:7): "With a strong cry and tears offering up prayers . . . He was heard for His reverence."
I answer that, As stated above (A), prayer is a certain manifestation of the human will. Wherefore, then is the request of one who prays granted, when his will is fulfilled. Now absolutely speaking the will of man is the will of reason; for we will absolutely that which we will in accordance with reason's deliberation. Whereas what we will in accordance with the movement of sensuality, or even of the simple will, which is considered as nature is willed not absolutely but conditionally [secundum quid]---that is, provided no obstacle be discovered by reason's deliberation. Wherefore such a will should rather be called a "velleity" than an absolute will; because one would will [vellet] if there were no obstacle.
But according to the will of reason, Christ willed nothing but what He knew God to will. Wherefore every absolute will of Christ, even human, was fulfilled, because it was in conformity with God; and consequently His every prayer was fulfilled. For in this respect also is it that other men's prayers are fulfilled, in that their will is in conformity with God, according to Rom. 8:27: "And He that searcheth the hearts knoweth," that is, approves of, "what the Spirit desireth," that is, what the Spirit makes the saints to desire: "because He asketh for the saints according to God," that is, in conformity with the Divine will.
Reply to Objection 1: This prayer for the passing of the chalice is variously explained by the Saints. For Hilary (Super Matth. 31) says: "When He asks that this may pass from Him, He does not pray that it may pass by Him, but that others may share in that which passes on from Him to them; So that the sense is: As I am partaking of the chalice of the passion, so may others drink of it, with unfailing hope, with unflinching anguish, without fear of death."
Or according to Jerome (on Mat. 26:39): "He says pointedly, 'This chalice,' that is of the Jewish people, who cannot allege ignorance as an excuse for putting Me to death, since they have the Law and the Prophets, who foretold concerning Me."
Or, according to Dionysius of Alexandria (De Martyr. ad Origen 7): "When He says 'Remove this chalice from Me,' He does not mean, 'Let it not come to Me'; for if it come not, it cannot be removed. But, as that which passes is neither untouched nor yet permanent, so the Saviour beseeches, that a slightly pressing trial may be repulsed."
Lastly, Ambrose, Origen and Chrysostom say that He prayed thus "as man," being reluctant to die according to His natural will.
Thus, therefore, whether we understand, according to Hilary, that He thus prayed that other martyrs might be imitators of His Passion, or that He prayed that the fear of drinking His chalice might not trouble Him, or that death might not withhold Him, His prayer was entirely fulfilled. But if we understand that He prayed that He might not drink the chalice of His passion and death; or that He might not drink it at the hands of the Jews; what He besought was not indeed fulfilled, because His reason which formed the petition did not desire its fulfilment, but for our instruction, it was His will to make known to us His natural will, and the movement of His sensuality, which was His as man.
Reply to Objection 2: Our Lord did not pray for all those who crucified Him, as neither did He for all those who would believe in Him; but for those only who were predestinated to obtain eternal life through Him.
Wherefore the reply to the third objection is also manifest.
Reply to Objection 4: When He says: "I shall cry and Thou wilt not hear," we must take this as referring to the desire of sensuality, which shunned death. But He is heard as to the desire of His reason, as stated above.
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Nothing Lasts Forever
Fans of poetry and art will really dig the work of Anatol Knotek. His creations weave his words into work that is first and formost visual. While that’s nothing new in the art community, for poetry, it is a much needed breath of fresh air. Poetry is a dichotomy of rules and creativity, often at odds with one another. We are taught to be creative as possible with our words and with what we choose to spill forth onto paper, but when it comes to form, rhyme, and the visual, too many times is a format pushed on writers. Poetry can be expressed in so many ways, but very few of them are seen as acceptable and beautiful, especially to academics. Knotek’s work breaks the mold in some astonishing ways.
We’ve seen plenty of work in typeface, but none so clever as Anatol Knotek’s. The artist, who got his start over ten years ago after meeting an Austrian poet, may have actually helped set the trend for other to follow. He is not the first to create visual poetry, not by far, but his fascination with painting and the fine arts shaped his work into something wholly different and new. His work ranges from intricate and detailed portraits made entirely from written words by the artist, the visually stunning pieces made of newspaper (words not his own, transformed into new images), and pieces that break down words themselves.
In fact, some of his most popular pieces are very simple in what they present. They are clever puns or deconstructions of one word or phrase against a plain backdrop. Words fall apart to create new ideas or come together in a way that’s refreshing or telling. They are still poignant and sometimes humorous at the way language is used, presented, or taken apart to create a new meaning. They're visually arresting and cool and so different from Knotek's other work, which is a wonderful things. Their stark contrast with the handwritten, intricate, and crowded potraits he creates are wonderful. Check out a ton of his work in the slideshow below and so much more on his website
[via My Modern Met]
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New Zealand has been ranked as among the fattest nations in the world, but our Pacific neighbours are faring far worse on the scales.
Micronesia and Tonga are at the top of the league table of 177 nations, followed by the US where the average adult weight is 82.1kg, according to the ranking by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
New Zealand was ranked 29th, with an average adult weighing 71.78kg. Australia was ranked the sixth fattest, with an average of 77.52kg. Both New Zealand and Australia are well over the world adult average of 62kg.
Using data from the United Nations and World Health Organisation, researchers estimated that the adult human population of the world weighs 287 million tonnes - 15 million of which is due to the overweight and 3.5 million due to obesity.
And while the US makes up only 5 per cent of the world's population, it accounts for almost a third of the world's weight due to obesity.
In comparison, Asia has 61 per cent of the world's people but only 13 per cent of the world's weight.
While the average weights may appear low, researchers say that data used was incomplete and calculations used complex methodology. The study was based on 2005 data and is an underestimate of today's situation. However, the league table is similar to previous studies on the fattest nations.
The study was published in the journal BMC Public Health and launched at the UN conference Rio+20.
Researchers said the survey shows that obesity as well as population levels put a strain on the environment.
Lead researcher Professor Ian Roberts said: "Everyone accepts that population growth threatens global environmental sustainability - our study shows that population fatness is also a major threat.
"Unless we tackle both population and fatness our chances are slim."
The study stated that increasing fatness could have the same implications for world food energy demands as an extra half a billion people.
- Staff reporter
1. Micronesia: 87.58kg
2. Tonga: 87.53kg
3. United States: 82.1kg
4. Samoa: 78.71kg
5. Kuwait: 77.95kg
6. Australia: 77.52kg
7. Malta: 77.12kg
8. Qatar: 77.03kg
9. Croatia: 76.57kg
10. UK: 75.95kg
29. New Zealand: 71.78kg
177. Bangladesh: 49.7kg
Outline report at http://goo.gl/lJI6R
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JURIST Columnist Paul Johnson, Anniversary Reader at the University of York, in the first of two pieces on laws pertaining to homosexual acts in Dependencies of the UK, argues that male, homosexual-specific criminal offenses in Guernsey should be modernized to parallel the laws of the UK...
The Sexual Offences Act 2003 and the Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009 repealed the homosexual specific offenses of "buggery" and "gross indecency" from the criminal law of the United Kingdom (UK). As a consequence, there are no longer any sexual offenses that relate solely to, what the Sexual Offences Act 1967 once termed, "homosexual acts" committed between adult men in Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Even the retention of a specific legal provision dealing with "sexual activity in a public lavatory" is now written as a gender-neutral offense, although it continues to be disproportionately enforced in respect to male, homosexual sex.
In the states of Guernsey a different legal situation applies, since it retains criminal offenses relating specifically to homosexual acts. Guernsey is a Crown dependency and is not constitutionally part of the UK. Although not a sovereign state, Guernsey passes its own primary legislation which receives royal assent directly from the British Crown rather than from the UK Parliament. Guernsey is not, therefore, ordinarily subject to UK law such as the Human Rights Act 1998. However, Guernsey is connected with the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) [PDF] through its relationship with the UK and, furthermore, Guernsey has incorporated the ECHR into its domestic law through the Human Rights (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law 2000.
Given the close relationship between Guernsey and the UK, as well as Guernsey's domestic commitment to human rights, it is worth considering the continued existence of criminal law that relates only to homosexual acts.
The Law in Guernsey
The Sexual Offences (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law 1983 [PDF] partially decriminalized male homosexual acts between consenting adults over the age of 21. The "age of consent" for homosexual acts was subsequently amended to 18 in 2000, and to 16 by the Sexual Offences (Bailiwick of Guernsey) (Amendment) Law 2011. This change only came into force on November 5, 2012, when the law was registered by the Royal Court. Therefore, the minimum age for sexual acts has been equalized in Guernsey with respect to homosexual and heterosexual sex.
However, despite this change in the minimum age for homosexual acts, the Sexual Offences (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law 1983 still retains specific criminal offenses relating to homosexual acts. Section 1 of the 1983 act states that "a homosexual act in private shall not be an offense provided that the parties consent thereto and have attained the age of 16." The homosexual acts of buggery and gross indecency are therefore only partially decriminalized insofar as they are committed between consenting adults "in private." Section 3 of the 1983 act provides particular punishments for homosexual acts, including those committed by consenting adults over the age of 16. Section 4 of the act contains a specific provision for dealing with "[a] man who procures another man to commit with a third man an act of buggery."
Perhaps the most surprising homosexual specific provision in Guernsey law relates to merchant shipping. Section 2 of the 1983 act previously contained an absolute ban on all homosexual acts committed on a merchant ship regardless of whether they were between consenting adults. The Sexual Offences (Amendment) (Guernsey) Law 2000 repealed that provision but, in doing so, included a permissive saving provision in respect of homosexual acts constituting a ground for dismissal if committed on board a merchant ship. This saving provision was further reiterated when the Sexual Offences (Bailiwick of Guernsey) (Amendment) Law 2011 came into force on November 5, 2012. This law repealed the ban on homosexual acts on merchant ships "to the extent that it is still in force anywhere in the Bailiwick...[but] shall not be taken to prevent a homosexual act from constituting a ground for dismissing a member of the crew of a Guernsey ship from his ship."
The saving provision relating to merchant shipping is similar to that found in Section 146(4) of the Criminal Justice Act 1994 in the UK, which states that nothing "shall prevent a homosexual act (with or without other acts or circumstances) from constituting a ground for discharging a member of Her Majesty's armed forces from the service or dismissing a member of the crew of a United Kingdom merchant ship from his ship." Although this provision has seemingly not been repealed in the UK, (it was last subject to amendment by the Armed Forces Act 2006) it has been rendered obsolete by the removal of all statutory references to "homosexual acts" as well as by the raft of legislation prohibiting discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation in employment that culminated in the Equality Act 2010.
It is not difficult to find ECHR jurisprudence that makes the law in Guernsey appear very problematic.
In respect to retaining the specific adult homosexual offenses of buggery and gross indecency, there is ample case law which states that differentiation on the basis of sexual orientation amounts to discrimination contrary to Article 14 of the ECHR. For example, in Kozak v Poland the European Court of Human Rights stated:
[W]hen [a] distinction [...]; operates in this intimate and vulnerable sphere of an individual's private life, particularly weighty reasons need to be advanced before the Court to justify the measure complained of. Where a difference of treatment is based on sex or sexual orientation the margin of appreciation afforded to the State is narrow and in such situations the principle of proportionality does not merely require that the measure chosen is in general suited for realising [sic] the aim sought but it must also be shown that it was necessary in the circumstances. Indeed, if the reasons advanced for a difference in treatment were based solely on the applicant's sexual orientation, this would amount to discrimination under the Convention.Singling out male homosexual acts for specific legal regulation is most certainly an interference with an "intimate and vulnerable sphere" of private life and is unquestionably based solely on sexual orientation.
ECHR jurisprudence also makes problematic the specification that homosexual acts are illegal if they are not done "in private." This is because such a specification singles out a particular form of consensual adult sexual conduct on the grounds of sexual orientation and subjects it to a particular form of social control. The Sexual Offences (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law 1983 specifies that "the prosecutor shall have the burden of providing that the act was done otherwise than in private" and no longer provides a statutory definition of "private." But the specification that homosexual acts are only legal when done "in private" allows a wider scope for prosecution to be brought in respect to male homosexual activities as opposed to heterosexual activities that are not subject to this provision.
With regard to allowing a person to be dismissed from employment on a merchant ship if they engage in specific homosexual acts, this is contrary to the ECHR's interpretation of Article 8 of the ECHR. It supports, in effect, a prohibition of homosexuality in the workplace. Making homosexual acts grounds for dismissal was deemed a violation of Article 8 of the ECHR in Smith and Grady v. The United Kingdom.
Because Guernsey is not constitutionally part of the UK, but is a self-governing possession of the British Crown, it is not subject to UK human rights or equalities law in respect to sexual orientation. However, Crown dependencies are subject to the jurisprudence of the ECHR on sexual orientation. Furthermore, since Guernsey law relies on royal assent from the British Crown, the fact that the UK has repealed all male homosexual specific offenses should be a catalyst for change. The Home Department of Guernsey has stated their intention to "modernise and reform the sexual offences legislation" and, in a letter dated May 10, 2011 [PDF], the chief minister stated that changes would be made to address "some inconsistencies based on gender and sexuality [...] where an activity is only criminalised on the basis of the sexuality of those involved." It is hoped that, in "modernizing" the law, Guernsey removes all references to "homosexual acts," "buggery," and "gross indecency" from its sexual offenses provisions rather than take the approach of its neighboring Crown dependency, Jersey, which retains the gender-neutral offense of "sodomie". If Guernsey does retain specific male homosexual offenses in the future, then it should be compared with other states around the world, which are condemned for continuing to single out homosexual acts for special criminal sanction.
Paul Johnson is Anniversary Reader in Sociology at the University of York, UK. His most recent book is Homosexuality and the European Court of Human Rights (Routledge, 2012).
Suggested citation: Paul Johnson, Homosexual Offences and Human Rights in Guernsey, JURIST - Hotline, November 29, 2012, http://jurist.org/hotline/2012/11/paul-johnson-guernsey-homosexuality.php
This article was prepared for publication by Theresa Donovan, an assistant editor and Stephanie Kogut, an associate editor with JURIST's professional commentary service. Please direct any questions or comments to them at email@example.com
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For the past few years, public health officials and anti-smoking activists have been pushing a false equation between cigars and cigarettes. Are reporters wising up?
From the Print Edition:
J.P. Morgan, Mar/Apr 00
In 1997, The New York Times claimed that cigars pose "higher risks" than cigarettes. A year later it reported that "smoking cigars can be just as deadly as smoking cigarettes." Last June it said "the disease risks are not as high as they are for cigarette smokers because cigar smokers usually do not inhale the smoke." Are cigars getting safer? No, but reporters may be getting smarter. Once easily misled by the scare tactics of public health officials and anti-smoking activists, the mainstream press is starting to acknowledge something that medical studies have been finding for decades: the typical cigar smoker faces hazards far less serious than the typical cigarette smoker does. Data compiled by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in its 1998 monograph on cigars made this fact clear. Overall, the NCI reported that daily cigar smokers get oral and esophageal cancers almost as often as cigarette smokers did. But they face much lower risks of lung cancer, coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive lung disease--the three main smoking-related causes of death. The upshot can be seen in mortality figures. In a 1985 American Cancer Society study cited by the NCI, men who smoked one or two cigars a day were only 2 percent more likely to die during a 12-year period than nonsmokers, a difference that was not statistically significant. By contrast, the mortality rate was 69 percent higher for men who smoked a pack of cigarettes a day. The only really bad news for cigar smokers in the NCI report applied to a small minority. The NCI emphasized that the health risk from cigars increases with the frequency of smoking and the degree of inhalation. Cigar smokers who inhale deeply face measurably higher risks of heart disease and emphysema (though still not as high as those faced by cigarette smokers), and the risk of lung cancer for a five-cigar-a-day smoker who inhales approaches the risk for a pack-a-day cigarette smoker. That sort of cigar smoker is quite unusual, however. "As many as three-quarters of cigar smokers smoke only occasionally," the NCI said, and "the majority of cigar smokers do not inhale." Since the data cited in the report apply only to people who smoke at least one cigar a day, "the health risks of occasional cigar smokers...are not known." In other words, there is no evidence that smoking cigars in moderation--which is how most aficionados enjoy cigars--poses a measurable health risk. That point was lost on many reporters. "In its fiercest indictment of cigars yet," reported Alec Klein in the Baltimore Sun, "the U.S. government concludes in a long-awaited report that they can be just as lethal as cigarettes." (Emphasis added.) This phrase and variations on it have appeared again and again in newspaper stories about cigars during the past few years. Though literally true, it tells us almost nothing about the risks associated with cigar smoking. It is like saying that taking a bath "can be just as lethal" as swimming over Niagara Falls. Both activities can kill you, but that does not mean they are equally dangerous. Klein gave no indication that cigar smoking is less hazardous than cigarette smoking. In fact, he erroneously reported that "the difference between cigarette and cigar smokers is not whether one gets cancer more frequently than the other, but where the malignancy occurs." A few months before, Klein had written an article in which he asserted, without qualification, that "cigars are just as deadly" as cigarettes, citing unnamed "health authorities" as his source. A month after the NCI monograph appeared, Klein reported that insurers once believed "cigars were not as hazardous as cigarettes," but "that myth has been dispelled." These statements are not simply misleading; they are flat-out wrong. Klein, now a reporter at The Wall Street Journal, declined to be interviewed for this article, saying it would be inappropriate because he had written a review of my book on the anti-smoking movement. (It was not a positive review. One of the statements from the book that Klein cited as clearly absurd was my observation that all tobacco products are not equally hazardous.) Other reporters wrote more or less accurate stories about the NCI monograph, only to be undone by headlines. "Cancer Institute's Warning on Cigars: Just As Bad As Cigarettes," the San Francisco Chronicle announced. "Cancer Institute Calls Cigars As Hazardous As Cigarettes," declared The Washington Post. John Schwartz, who wrote the Post article, says the headline "inaccurately reflected the story, which was carefully written." Still, Schwartz did write that "cigars can be as hazardous to health as cigarettes"--technically true but not very informative. In retrospect, Schwartz says he wishes he had made the difference between cigars and cigarettes clearer. "The problem is that peanut butter can also be as deadly as cigarettes, if injected directly into the bloodstream," he says. "The distinction that was rarely made and should have been made [is] that cigars smoked the way they are generally smoked by most people are not nearly as hazardous as cigarettes." By way of explanation for the press's mistakes in covering the NCI report, Schwartz notes that the monograph was released suddenly, late in the day, because a copy had already been leaked to the Sun's Klein. "You have to understand what that day was like," he says. "The NCI called in the afternoon and said, 'Somebody else has got it. We're releasing it broadly. We had planned to have briefings and walk people through the whole thing. And now, here it is. We're dumping it in your lap.' " Then, too, the NCI report downplayed the differences between cigars and cigarettes. Calling the increase in cigar smoking since 1993 "disturbing" and "alarming," NCI Director Richard Klausner emphasized that "cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes." The issue, of course, was not whether smoking cigars is completely risk-free but whether, on average, it is less risky than smoking cigarettes--something no reasonable person could deny after looking at the evidence. But the NCI's spin seemed designed to obscure that point, so much so that the Associated Press concluded that the report was "intended to equate dangers posed by the two products." Anti-smoking activists encouraged this interpretation. The day the monograph came out, John Banzhaf, executive director of Action on Smoking and Health, issued a press release in which he said that regulation of cigars by the Food and Drug Administration was imperative "now that we know cigars are as dangerous as cigarettes." John Garrison, the chief executive officer of the American Lung Association, told the Los Angeles Times that cigars "are simply a more malodorous version of cigarettes." Even before the NCI report was published, reporters were primed to believe that cigars are as dangerous as cigarettes, if not more so. Consider how Michael Eriksen, director of the Office on Smoking and Health at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, described the hazards of cigars in a May 1997 New York Times story: "Tobacco is tobacco is tobacco." In January 1998, former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop told the Baltimore Sun, "The health hazards of smoking cigars are the same as those of smoking cigarettes." A month later, Jack Henningfield, a specialist on addiction who contributed to the NCI report, told The Wall Street Journal "it will help explode some of the myths about cigars," including the idea "that they are relatively safe." Later in the story, the Journal referred to "the widespread misconception that cigars are safer than cigarettes." That same month, the NCI's Donald Shopland told USA Today, "You're smoking a whole pack of cigarettes" when you smoke a cigar. "Cigar smoking indeed may be safer than cigarettes in some circumstances," the newspaper reported, "but overall the health risks are the same or worse." Around the time the monograph came out, the California Department of Health Services started running a TV spot likening one cigar to three and a half packs of cigarettes. The ad showed a young man in a dark suit holding a cigar while sitting in a big leather chair. "Say, Chad," the narrator asked him, "any idea how many cigarettes you'd need to equal the nicotine in that big fat stogie?" After Chad repeatedly guessed wrong, the narrator said, "No, Chad, you'd have to smoke more than 70." Seventy cigarettes appeared in poor Chad's mouth as a slogan was displayed at the bottom of the screen: "CIGARS. The Big New Trend in Cancer." When the Chad ad was unveiled in March 1998, the Los Angeles Times described it as "comparing the effects of one cigar to smoking the equivalent of 70 cigarettes." According to the Sacramento Bee, "the television spot...points out that smoking cigars poses the same health risks as smoking cigarettes." Ostensibly, the ad was talking about nicotine. But according to the NCI report, a premium cigar typically yields about as much nicotine as a dozen cigarettes, not 70. What's more, there is little evidence that nicotine contributes to smoking-related diseases (which is why pharmaceutical companies can sell nicotine gum and patches as safe alternatives to cigarettes). Yet the California spot clearly implied that a cigar's nicotine yield is something to worry about, and the tag line insinuated that nicotine, which is not a carcinogen, has something to do with cancer. There are signs that journalists are beginning to see through such misleading messages. The clear difference in risk between cigars and cigarettes was confirmed again in a study published by The New England Journal of Medicine last June. This time, reporters paid closer attention. In the study, researchers led by Carlos Iribarren, an epidemiologist with the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in California, tracked nearly 18,000 men--1,546 cigar smokers and 16,228 nonsmokers--from 1971 through 1995. Overall, the cigar smokers were about twice as likely as nonsmokers to develop cancers of the mouth, throat and lungs; 1.45 times as likely to develop chronic obstructive lung disease; and 1.27 times as likely to develop coronary heart disease. As Iribarren and his colleagues noted, these risks are modest compared to those seen in cigarette smokers. Depending upon the study, cigarette smokers are 4 to 12 times as likely as nonsmokers to develop mouth and throat cancers; 8 to 24 times as likely to develop lung cancer; 9 to 25 times as likely to develop chronic obstructive lung disease; and 1.5 to 3 times as likely to develop coronary heart disease. Furthermore, smoking-related diseases were concentrated among the heaviest cigar smokers in the Kaiser Permanente study. For those smoking fewer than five cigars a day--three-quarters of the sample--only the difference in heart disease risk (20 percent) was statistically significant. The researchers did not ask the subjects about inhalation, which has been linked to higher risks in other studies, and they did not consider men who smoke less often than daily--who represent about nine out of 10 cigar smokers, according to recent survey data--as a separate category. Probably because the researchers themselves made it clear that cigars are not nearly as hazardous as cigarettes, the press coverage of this study was more accurate than the coverage of the NCI monograph. Stories in The New York Times, the New York Post, The Washington Post and Time noted the difference in risk. But the most refreshing story ran in The Hartford Courant in Connecticut, under the appropriately reassuring headline "Cigars' Dangers Relatively Low: Moderate Users Face Only Slightly More Health Risks Than Nonsmokers." The Courant's Hilary Waldman, who is completing a master's degree in public health and therefore knows something about statistics and epidemiology, reported the risks found in the study but was careful to put them into perspective. For example, she quoted a local cardiologist who said: "If someone tells me they're smoking one cigar a day, it would be hard for me to jump up and down and say you're killing yourself and be intellectually honest. You are increasing your risk a little bit." Waldman says the Courant received complaints from readers who thought the story (especially the headline) was "irresponsible," but her colleagues were supportive. Though she has no particular interest in cigars, she says the study was an opportunity to show how the paper could improve its health coverage by calmly and accurately reporting research findings instead of hyping them. "I knew the minute I saw the study exactly how it would be spun," she says. " 'Cigars are as deadly as cigarettes'; I heard the TV news do that. The [New England Journal of Medicine] article didn't say that; the article said specifically that cigars are not as bad as cigarettes, although they contain the same toxins. And then they [the TV news] went ahead and said that cigars were as dangerous as cigarettes. That was just wrong." In a similar vein, UPI reported that "new findings give more weight to warnings that cigars can be at least as hazardous as cigarettes." Elizabeth Manning, the stringer who wrote the UPI brief, says she did not spend much time on it and probably relied on press material from the Journal or from Kaiser, rather than the study itself. But The New England Journal of Medicine does not issue press releases, and the Q&A sheet that Kaiser distributed to reporters explicitly notes that cigars are less dangerous than cigarettes. Manning says her gloss on the study was "consistent with what I've seen in the press. What the press seems to be reporting is that cigars are as dangerous as cigarettes." At one point, Robert Pitofsky, the chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, seemed to believe this, too. In an April 1998 comment to The Washington Post, he misinterpreted the NCI monograph as saying that "regular cigar smoking is roughly as dangerous as cigarette smoking." By contrast, when the FTC issued its recommendations for federal warning labels on cigars last July, he said, "We now know, based on the findings of the National Cancer Institute, that cigars, like other tobacco products, pose serious health risks." The significance of Pitofsky's backpedaling did not register with everyone. "Federal regulators say they want to correct misperceptions that cigars are less dangerous than cigarettes," the Associated Press reported. Similarly, New York Times reporter Stephen Labaton cited "a widespread misperception that cigars are safer than cigarettes." And in case you didn't get the point, Labaton added that "studies by the National Cancer Institute and others" have shown that "cigar smokers face increased risks of heart and lung diseases and that cigars are therefore not safer than cigarettes." These errors represented backsliding for AP and the Times, since the Times had run an accurate AP story about the Kaiser study the previous month. On the other hand, the Reuters and Washington Post stories about the FTC's recommendations noted the lack of evidence that occasional cigar smoking is harmful. It's not surprising that some reporters continue to overstate the hazards of cigars, since their sources have not made much of an effort to clear up the matter. One of the cigar warnings proposed by the FTC nicely illustrates the artful evasiveness of public health officials who seek to shape people's behavior rather than inform them: "Cigars are not a safe alternative to cigarettes." This warning, which was also the NCI's take-home message when it released its monograph, assumes that people think cigars are risk-free. Yet the FTC itself reports, based on survey data, that "consumers generally are aware that cigar smoking poses health risks." Meanwhile, public health officials continue to exaggerate those risks. "It's a very dangerous habit," surgeon general David Satcher told Reuters in August. By any reasonable definition of "very dangerous," this is simply not true of cigar smoking as it is commonly practiced. Satcher has also complained that the absence of federal warning labels "implies cigars are different [than cigarettes] and don't carry the same risk." They are, and they don't. Jacob Sullum, a syndicated columnist and a senior editor at Reason magazine, is the author of For Your Own Good: The Anti-Smoking Crusade and the Tyranny of Public Health (The Free Press).
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Health Cares About Domestic Violence Day (HCADV Day) is a nationally recognized awareness-raising day that takes place annually on the second Wednesday of October. Sponsored by Futures Without Violence, HCADV Day aims to reach members of the health care community and educate them about the critical importance of assessing for domestic violence, as well as the long term health implications of domestic violence and lifetime exposure to violence. There are many ways that you can provide leadership in your community on HCADV Day. Futures Without Violence is committed to helping you craft activities that best meet your interests, resources and time availability. Examples of past participation include hanging posters in waiting rooms that advertise local resource numbers; writing a newsletter article or an op ed for a local paper; committing to try routine assessment for one week; and inviting a speaker to conduct a brown bag lunch on domestic violence for staff. We encourage you to be creative! To learn more about HCADV Day or to order free materials, visit: www.futureswithoutviolence.org/hcadvd.
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English Bible Survey
Topic: English Survey
Author: Rick Norris
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 18:17:44 EDT
Subject: ANSWERS TO SURVEY QUESTIONS and then the ANSWERS to the SURVEY
A Brief Survey by Rick Norris which was mailed 06-10-98 about Bible Translations with some brief explanations.
True or False Questions:
QUESTION 1. The King James Version became the official version of the Church of England, replacing the Bishops' Bible.
QUESTION 2. The KJV was the first English Bible to be published without the Apocrypha.
False - The first English Bible published without the Apocrypha was a 1599 edition of the Geneva Bible.
QUESTION 3. There were two different editions of the KJV published in 1611.
True - (the famous "He" and "She" Bibles plus other differences)
QUESTION 4. Some of the translators of the KJV were involved in persecuting believers, even to the point of burning two men at the stake for their religious beliefs.
QUESTION 5. Some of the KJV translators claimed that one man, Archbishop Richard Bancroft, made fourteen changes in their translation without their approval.
QUESTION 6. Some of the translators of the KJV were Presbyterians, Baptists, Methodists, and Independents while the rest were Anglicans.
False - All the translators of the KJV were Anglicans (i.e.) members of the Church of England. A few were Puritan members of the Church of England.
QUESTION 7. One of the KJV translators had a brother who was one of the translators of the earlier Roman Catholic Douay-Rheims Bible.
True - (John Reynolds - KJV; William Reynolds - Douay-Rheims)
QUESTION 8. The publishing of English-language Bibles including the KJV was permitted in America before the Revolutionary War.
False - No English Bibles were permitted to be published in America before Revolutionary War.
QUESTION 9. The KJV did not update or revise any of the words in the earlier English Bibles.
False - The KJV did make very limited revisions and updates to the earlier Bibles.
QUESTION 10. Tyndale's Old Testament used the rendering "Jehovah" at least fifteen times where the KJV does not.
QUESTION 11. The 1611 KJV has "seek good" at Psalm 69:32 while present KJV's have "seek God."
QUESTION 12. In the book of Acts, the Great Bible has over 100 words that are not found in the KJV.
True - The Great Bible has over 100 additional words from the Latin Vulgate in the book of Acts.
QUESTION 13. The 1535 Coverdale Bible does not have the rendering "penance," which was sometimes used in the earlier 1389 Wycliffe Bible from the Latin Vulgate.
False - Coverdale's Bible does have "penance" a few times.
QUESTION 14. The KJV NT was the seventh English translation of the whole New Testament.
False - Wycliffe's, Tyndale's, Coverdale's, Matthew's, 1538 Coverdale's Latin-English NT, Great, Taverner's, Whittingham's, Geneva, Bishops', 1551 Bishop Becke's Bible, 1552 Richard Jugge's NT, KJV.
QUESTION 15. Erasmus was a Reformer like Martin Luther.
False - Erasmus remained a Roman Catholic.
QUESTION 16. Charles Thomson, a signer of the Declaration of Independence and secretary of the Continental Congress, made the first English translation from the Septuagint and the first complete English translation by an American.
QUESTION 17. The KJV updated some archaic uses of "quick" with "living" at some verses in the earlier English Bibles.
QUESTION 18. The earlier English Bibles such as Tyndale's, Coverdale's, and Matthew's do not have any missing verses and phrases when compared to the KJV.
False - Tyndale's, Coverdale's, Matthew's did not have Mark 11:26 and Luke 17:36 because they were not in Erasmus's Greek NT plus many phrases.
QUESTION 19. Erasmus admired Jerome, translator of the Vulgate.
QUESTION 20. King James was a great, godly king, who loved the Puritans.
False - James hated the Puritans, and he was guilty of many ungodly actions such as persecuting believers.
QUESTION 21. The KJV became authorized version number ? of the Church of England.
ANSWER - C. Three - [The Great was first, Bishops' second, and the KJV third.
QUESTION 22. The most popular and best loved English Bible of the common people in the early 1600's in England was the:
A. Bishops' Bible
B. Geneva Bible
D. The Great Bible
ANSWER - B the Geneva Bible.
QUESTION 23. In terms of human influence, the majority of renderings or translations in the KJV should be credited to:
A. L. Andrews
C. G. Abbott
ANSWER - D Tyndale.
QUESTION 24. Erasmus, editor of the Greek NT was a/an:
B. Roman Catholic
ANSWER - B Roman Catholic
QUESTION 25. The first English translation to have only "Lord Jesus" at Acts 16:31 instead of "Lord Jesus Christ" as in the KJV was:
C. Revised Version, 1881
ANSWER - B Tyndale's.
Return To Main Index
This Page Last Updated: 11/08/08 A. Allison Lewis email@example.com
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Is there anything better than fresh cinnamon rolls right out of the oven? These cinnamon rolls are so delicious that I have a very hard time eating just one… In fact, I don’t know if that’s ever happened!
Making your own yeast breads should not be something to be scared of. As long as you are a patient person, you’ll be fine! One of the easiest mistakes to make is to not let the dough rise as much as it should. Plan ahead, and it will all work out. Also, be sure that you are using fresh yeast. If it has been sitting for 6 months, it may still work, but you’ll be waiting forever for the dough to rise.
Last spring, I made caramel rolls with a fairly detailed description and tips for making great cinnamon rolls. Check it out for some extra tips and tricks, as well as detailed pictures of each step! Definitely check it out if you’ve never heard of slicing cinnamon rolls with dental floss, which is by far the easiest way.
As this recipe calls for a lot of butter, you can alternatively use the Refrigerator Rolls recipe I have. It uses shortening instead, and still produces quite the yummy cinnamon roll!
Begin by making the dough. Proof the yeast in water with a little sugar. This will help you know if the yeast is still active and good for bread making.
Mix the other dough ingredients (minus the flour) in a mixing bowl and stir well. Add the proofed yeast and stir some more.
Add the flour a little at a time until you have a slightly stiff, sticky dough. Now, it’s time to knead!
Make sure the counter is well-floured, and that you have more nearby. Knead the dough for about 5 minutes or so.
Place it in a well-buttered dish and let it rise until doubled. Here’s a trick for the rise stage: heat 1 cup of water in the microwave for about 2 minutes. Do not remove the water, and place the dough in the microwave also. Close the door and walk away; don’t turn the microwave back on. This provides a warm, slightly moist place for the dough to rise. It may even cut down on the rise time.
Once the dough has doubled, turn out onto a floured surface and punch down. Let it rest for about 5 minutes.
Roll out the dough into a big rectangle, a little over 1/4 inch thick. Spread the dough with butter and sprinkle with cinnamon and sugar.
Roll up the dough lengthwise for smaller rolls, or width-wise for larger rolls. I almost always roll mine up lengthwise to make more, smaller rolls.
Butter and sugar the baking dish. Slice rolls using dental floss (see this post for tips) and place into the prepared pan, leaving space for rolls to rise.
Let the rolls rise again until doubled, about another 45 minutes to an hour.
Bake in a preheated oven until light golden brown.
While they are cooling, make the icing. Mix everything but the water together. Then, add the water about a teaspoon at a time until you get the right consistency. Just keep in mind… you can always add a little more water, but you can’t take it back out!
After the rolls have cooled, spread the icing on top. Or, be like me and impatiently go ahead and spread the icing on the rolls while they’re still a little warm. Then, it’s time to devour them! I won’t tell if you have more than one!
From my mother’s recipe box
1 1/4 oz package (2 1/4 teaspoons) active dry yeast
1/2 cup warm water (105-115 degrees F)
1/3 cup + 1/2 teaspoon sugar, divided
1/2 cup warm milk
1/3 cup butter, melted
1 teaspoon salt
1 egg, lightly beaten
3 1/2 to 4 cups all-purpose flour
1/2 cup butter, melted
3/4 cup white sugar, divided
1 1/2 tablespoons ground cinnamon
1/3 cup butter, melted
2 cups powdered sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
2 to 4 tablespoons hot water
In a small bowl, mix warm water and 1/2 teaspoon sugar until sugar is dissolved. Add yeast and stir; set aside. In a large mixing bowl, mix together milk, remaining 1/3 cup sugar, butter, salt, and egg. Stir well and add yeast mixture. Add half the flour and beat until smooth. Stir in enough remaining flour to make a slightly stiff, sticky dough. Turn onto a well-floured surface and knead for 5 to 8 minutes. Place in a well-buttered glass bowl and let rise in a warm place until doubled (about 1 to 1 1/2 hours).
While dough is rising, mix together all but 2 tablespoons sugar and cinnamon. Punch down dough, and let rest for 5 minutes. Roll out into a large rectangle. Spread dough with about 1/4 cup melted butter. Sprinkle dough with cinnamon sugar, and roll up lengthwise. Butter a 13″x9″ pan with remaining melted butter, and sprinkle with remaining sugar. Cut dough into slices and place in the greased and sugared pan. Let rolls rise in a warm place until doubled, about 45 minutes to 1 hour.
Bake in a preheated 350 degree F oven for about 25 to 30 minutes, until light golden brown. Make icing by combining ingredients, adding water 1 teaspoon at a time, until desired consistency is reached. Spread icing on cooled rolls.
Makes 1 to 1 1/2 dozen rolls.
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It's a population that moves in and out of schools as their parents are stationed around the world.
"She took the time with me a lot because I had to come in for tutoring day in and day out and she took the time to help me and eventually I got the hang of it. She helped me a lot," said 11th grader Jordan Pruitt.
She has found her students on this military post bring something more to the classroom and greets them with understanding and encouragement.
Chacón has distinguished herself as not only an exceptional teacher, but a true leader on the campus and in the district. She serves on the district Design Team where she helped develop a list of beliefs for Fort Sam Houston ISD.
The beliefs are very important as they guide all decisions made in the district.
As the campus celebrates diversity, Jo Chacón has taken the lead by coordinating the annual Hispanic Heritage Celebration, with each year being better than the one before. Chacón encourages the recognition of all the different cultures and her students take a major role in planning and then in participating in the celebration.
The love that Chacón has for her students, for her school and for her community, is so very apparent in the way she works to meet the needs of individual students.
"She helped me overall be a better person and open up just be more outgoing.” Said 11th grader Kelsey Lowery.
“At the beginning of the year I was shy but now I'm opening up,"
Chacón is always available for tutoring and with work and encouragement, her students excel. She has a way of letting each student know how important they are to her and to the school.
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The shortest good Halloween poem I’ve found is John Ciardi’s limerick, “The Halloween House,” an amusing send-up of children’s tendency to pretend they’re not afraid of haunted houses. It begins:
I’m told there’s a Green Thing in there.
And the sign on the gate says BEWARE!
For copyright reasons, I can’t quote all five lines of the poem. But you can find “The Halloween House” in Ciardi’s The Hopeful Trout and Other Limericks (Houghton Mifflin, 1992), illustrated by Susan Meddaugh, which is out of print but on the shelves of many libraries. You can also find “The Halloween House” in Scared Silly! A Halloween Book for the Brave: An Arthur Adventure (Little, Brown, 64 pp., $7.95, paperback), illustrated by Marc Brown, which is in print and available through online and other booksellers. The Hopeful Trout is used in grades 2 and up in schools. Scared Silly! has gentle not-so-scary poems, jokes and more for preschoolers, written by a variety of authors.
© 2008 Janice Harayda. All rights reserved.
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The ‘born versus bred’ or ‘nature vs nurture’ question dates back to the 1800s, and the theory of Sir Francis Galton which posited that mental capacities are limited by hereditary factors (Galton 1869, (1). The Galtonian model proposed that practice and training would lead to improvements in performance, but that a ceiling existed for each person, influenced by heritable characteristics (1). In contrast, Ericsson and others (1-3) have suggested that performance is constrained not by genetic or innate factors, but by engagement in deliberate practice and training during optimal periods of development.
Individuals who coach or train tennis athletes are very interested in how much influence a coach actually has on improving an athlete’s performance compared to the athlete’s genetic capabilities. This improvement requires a multitude of factors to contribute to success. Unfortunately, the mass media has jumped on singular statements and have either overemphasized or underemphasized certain research studies or concepts without taking into account the uniqueness of the human spirit, human biology, family and social support, and a number of other factors (including genetics) in the determination of elite athletic performance. It is important to stipulate that becoming an expert in a certain skill (think 10,000 hours/10 year rule that has been credited to the work of Ericsson) is not the same as becoming a highly paid professional athlete. Thousands of people (possibly even hundreds of thousands of people) can become experts in a field; only a few hundred can actually become a highly paid professional tennis player. This is where most people misunderstand the bulk of the research surrounding deliberate practice. Just because the athlete puts in the appropriate hours and years of deliberate practice does not mean the athlete will be a successful professional tennis player. However, the athlete will become an expert at his/her craft (tennis). Therefore, it is important to think of deliberate practice as a required component to be successful as an elite tennis athlete, but this is just the starting point. The physical training component and the genetic ceiling that the athlete has is also vitally important for the athlete to become a true elite professional athlete. These factors all need to be part of the equation, as it is very challenging to become a professional tennis athlete. Therefore, like most long term debates in life - the answer lies somewhere in between both perspectives. Great genetics are required (physical, mental and emotional) but the daily deliberate practice combined with the right family/social support and resources (financial and otherwise) are very much required to achieve elite athletic performance on the tennis court. For more information the iTPA has provided a number of research studies related to genetics and talent in elite athletes:
Talent identification and promotion programmes of Olympic athletes.
Talent identification and deliberate programming in skeleton: ice novice to Winter Olympian in 14 months.
Genes and human elite athletic performance.
Genetics of athletic performance.
Genes and elite athletes: a roadmap for future research.
Elite athletes: are the genes the champions?
What makes a champion? Explaining variation in human athletic performance.
(1) Ericsson KA, Nandagopal K, Roring RW. Toward a science of exceptional achievement: attaining superior performance through deliberate practice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009;1172:199–217
(2) Ericsson K, Krampe R. The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance. Psychol Rev 1993;100:363–406.
(3) Duffy L, Baluch B. Dart performance as a function of facets of practice amongst professional and amateur men ana women players. Int J Sport Psychol 2004;35:232–45
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Sumario: January 12, 2005: José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission. Intervention in Plenary session of European Parliament on aftermath of earthquake and Tsunami. Session of the European Parliament (Strasbourg)
My trip to Jakarta last week brought home to me the full scale of the tragedy caused by the Asian earthquake and tsunami. And it confirmed for me that the international community - including the Commission - was right to respond quickly with very substantial pledges of aid and other support.
What Commissioner Michel saw when he went on the ground in Aceh was shocking. The tidal wave literally erased civilisation along 500 kilometres of coastline, destroying all that was in its path as it crashed inland, reaching in places a depth of five kilometres. And the tragedy is that the majority of the population lives on that very coastal belt which was so devastated.
Similarly harrowing stories have been recounted from Sri Lanka, Thailand, India and the Maldives. And the damage on other less accessible countries such as Somalia is only now emerging.
This awesome act of nature has left in its wake over 150,000 people dead with some five more million people without home and shelter, traumatised and now facing the task of reuniting what is left of their devastated families and of rebuilding their homes and businesses.
Explaining and approving the EC pledge
The scale of the disaster and the shocking images plastered on our televisions and newspapers sparked massive sympathy among our European citizens who rightly demanded a very quick and large response.
In other emergency situations, the Commission has had more time to discuss and prepare its response beforehand with Parliament and the Council, our budgetary authorities. In this case, we did not. Within nine days of the wave striking the coastlines of Asia and Africa, the heads of government from the affected countries and the major donors were gathering in Jakarta to agree how we would repair the damage and what funds we would make available.
To prepare the ground within the limited time we had, I discussed with President Borrell and Prime Minister Juncker the Commission's proposal to pledge €450 million before leaving for Jakarta. They were both very positive and supportive of the approach I proposed. But without having had the chance for detailed discussion in Parliament plenary and Council, I indicated to the Jakarta pledging conference that the Commission's €450 million pledge was conditional on approval with the budgetary authorities.
This is my first priority today - to listen to your views, answer your questions and agree on how we can best tackle the two main tasks we now face - how to rapidly turn our "conditional" pledge into concrete money on the budget and then to turn those funds into effective reconstruction programmes on the ground that help the people rebuild their shattered lives.
Detailing the Commission's proposal
While this is still early days, I'd like to explain in more detail what I have in mind on how best to use the Commission pledge, if you and Council agree to the funding.
On the humanitarian side, the Commission has responded fast and very efficiently. We were first on the ground and first in delivering on our promises. The first support package was announced on the day that the tsunami struck and we have now committed through ECHO 23 million euro. However, as Kofi Annan has underlined, a billion US dollars will be needed immediately. In answer to this, I propose as part of the pledge that €100 million further is allocated from the emergency reserve to assist in this effort. I understand your committees have been discussing this proposal favourably.
In this regard, I fully support the Parliament's approach of underlining the coordination role of the UN.
On the reconstruction side, I propose that €350 million is made available. I had envisioned that part of this would come from fresh funds and part from a reprogramming of funds already planned for the affected countries. Although reconstruction task will take up several years, the financing this reconstruction effort should be provided in this and next year.
I understand the reprogramming part of my proposal has caused some concern in Parliament. So why am I proposing this? The main reason is speed - the funds for projects planned for 2005 are already on the table and can be used for the urgent immediate reconstruction work. Waiting for fresh funds to come on stream will take up to six months - we need to move with reconstruction funds now. All donors are responding in the same way - including the World Bank - to leverage funds for tsunami as fast as possible.
I also do not believe this approach will have any negative side effects. Will this lead to a cancellation of already planned projects? No - if governments decide with us that a tsunami related project takes immediate priority, the originally planned project can be taken up in 2006 or 2007, under the new financial perspective.
Will this lead to Asia robbing other regions of their funds? No. Any projects that would be reprioritised and delayed in this way will be within the Asia envelope which if necessary will need to be readapted and I count on your support in this regard. Quoting from a draft resolution I have seen from Parliament, I can assure you that "the poor across the world will not pay the price of this disaster."
Let me give you some specific examples of how this reprogramming approach can be of immediate value. In Indonesia, the Commission has a 35 million euro programme which aims to improve access and quality of health care at the community level. If government agrees, this can be extended quickly to help rebuild and strengthen health care facilities damaged by the tsunami. Alternatively, in Sri Lanka, we are planning to cooperate with the World Bank on a housing programme to help resettlement of internally displaced persons. Similarly, this could be broadened quickly to help rehouse families displaced by the tsunami.
Whatever the level of new funding, I stress that the Commission needs to look at how planned projects can be reprogrammed in this way to ensure that we can respond on reconstruction within the critical first months.
But the Commission's pledge was provisional and could be revisited once final costings are in. We already know needs are huge and there could be room even for a higher contribution of fresh funds if both Parliament and Council would agree to it.
Affected countries lead on reconstruction
I fully support the line agreed in Jakarta that the affected countries must lead the needs assessments and create their own national tsunami reconstruction plans that will identify the priority projects and the means to implement them. This is a matter of basic principle - responsibilise the countries and ensure they lead to coordinate all the generous commitments made. We should not flood the countries with tens of different facilities and instruments cooked up beforehand with donors or international financial institutions.
Let us look at another principle all donors and countries agreed in Jakarta - we must deliver our support rapidly. I emphasised in Jakarta that the Commission would seek to explore all means at its disposal to turn our pledge into effective programmes as fast as possible. The General Affairs Council further lent its support to this commitment. This means accelerating our procedures as much as possible, within the confines of the financial regulation, so unnecessarily heavy bureaucracy does not slow us down.
I saw how rapidly and efficiently the countries have already moved in helping their citizens - it is impressive. As such, we should provide the bulk of our aid as budget support, giving the countries the tools to rebuild their destroyed infrastructure and to restore the livelihoods of their shattered communities.
This approach is the only way that the affected countries can coordinate the aid efficiently. It would be an impossible task for them if the hundreds of donors give their aid separately and each demand that their own procedures be followed.
Of course, we will ensure that budget support will be properly overseen so we have the comfort of sound financial management of our funds.
However, the Commission will need to also address punctual and particular projects that will be better delivered by direct implementation rather than passing through the national budgets. For example, there may be some specific work that is started in the humanitarian phase that can be usefully continued under the initial reconstruction phase. Alternatively, there may be specific conditions that prevent easy access for the national budget to certain geographic regions or indeed to the poorest communities who must benefit from this tsunami reconstruction. Such cases would also warrant the continued channelling of a part of our funds through NGOs.
Reporting to Parliament
In every successful emergency programme organised by the Commission, the Parliament has played a pivotal role. In this regard, I think of Afghanistan or the Balkans. And this role is not simply to agree on funding but to follow the programme and to lend political weight when needed to ensure the programme's political goals remain on track.
I am confident that you will play a similar role in facilitating the Commission's programme of reconstruction after the tsunami. To this end, I will undertake that the Commission will report to you regularly on progress both in plenary and committees.
My colleague Mrs Benita Ferrero-Waldner will go down to the region in the coming weeks to further assess the needs and to put more flesh on this proposal. I would propose that she reports to the Parliament on her return.
I recognise the importance placed by parliament on additional measures beyond aid that the EU can provide to further help the countries affected by the tsunami.
You can rest assured that all Commission departments are mobilised to investigate in their particular areas what can be done in this regard. This includes support to G8 debt moratorium initiatives, investigation of possible trade initiatives ease trade access to the Union for the countries' concerned and work with the governments in seeking to facilitate the implementation of the European Investment Bank's "Indian Ocean Tsunami Facility".
The member states and Commission agreed in the General Affairs Council to offer direct support to the countries in their efforts to develop early warning systems so they will be better able to respond to future natural disasters.
The Commission is also considering proposals for a new EU approach to reinforce capacity for disaster prevention. I welcome proposals for the development of a rapid response humanitarian capacity for the European Union which would permit it to enhance its assistance in future disasters and humanitarian crises.
I noted with interest the ideas being floated on the possibility of supplying fishing vessels from decommissioned EU fleets to the fishing communities in the affected countries. The idea is very appealing - we have all seen pictures of boats wrecked by the tsunami and our own fishing industry is about to destroy boats from its own fleet in line with fishery limits. My services are currently exploring whether vessels are available, what state of repair they are in and, if they meet the needs of the fishing communities in the tsunami affected areas, how they could be made available to fishermen in the tsunami affected areas. I hope that this initiative will work and will report back to you with the results of our work.
New Opportunities for peace process
Last but not least we must recognise the political dimension of the tsunami crisis on the political problems in Aceh and in the north and east of Sri Lanka. The international community must impress on the players involved that the tsunami crisis must not lead to a drift back towards conflict but that instead it is recognised as an opportunity to reinvigorate the search for peaceful and long term solutions to these problems. In doing that, we will of course pay due attention to the sensitivities of the two countries concerned.
We have set ourselves high targets both in Jakarta and in the UN Geneva meeting. Your debates so far show your commitment to see action. Similarly the General Affairs Council showed the commitment of the European Union.
The outpouring of support from our private citizens for this crisis further show their support for the full commitment of all the EU's institutions to deliver on the promises we have made.
The questions are already being posed - can we deliver or will our response to the tsunami go the way of past less successful responses to natural disasters. We must now give the answers. I count on your support in helping the Commission deliver. And I give you my promise to work closely with you in this massive task ahead of us.
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Sport is an important part of the culture of Western Australia.
Two separate important sports awards are given each year:
Along with cricket, Australian Rules football is one of the main sports. Australian rules football in Western Australia is the most popular winter Sport in the state Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Western Australia has two teams in the Australian Football League (AFL): the West Coast Eagles and the Fremantle Football Club (the "Fremantle Dockers"). The Australian Football League (AFL is both the professional Australian national competition in the Sport of Australian Rules Football and its highest West Coast Eagles Football Club is an Australian rules football club competing in the Australian Football League. Fremantle Football Club, unofficially nicknamed The Dockers and known informally as "Freo" is one of 16 teams in the Australian Football League (AFL The "home" of Australian Rules football in Perth is Subiaco Oval. Subiaco Oval, known colloquially as Subi, is the highest capacity sports Stadium in Perth, Western Australia. There is also a local West Australian Football League with nine clubs representing metropolitan regions. Current teams The teams currently playing in the WAFL are Salary Cap The WAFL is classed as a Semi-professional competition and has a Salary Australian rules football is the most popular football code in Western Australia with over 1,030,000 spectators attending WAFL and AFL matches in 2004. Australian (rules football, or simply known as football, footy or Aussie rules, is a Team sport played between two teams of 18 players
Cricket is one of the main sports in Western Australia. Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Western Australia has a state cricket team, the Retravision Western Warriors, based at the WACA Ground. The Western Warriors (referred to as Retravison Warriors for sponsorship reasons are an Australian first class cricket team based in Perth, Western Australia The WACA (pronounced wakka) is a sports Stadium in Perth Western Australia. They play in the Ford Ranger One Day Cup, the Pura Cup, and the Twenty20 Big Bash domestic competitions. The KFC Twenty20 Big Bash is the domestic Twenty20 Cricket competition in Australia. The WACA also hosts international Test and One Day International cricket matches. Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations Note Most of the information here pertains to men's cricket ODI matches are also played in Women's cricket.
Western Australia has a football (soccer) team, Perth Glory FC, which is a part of the newly re-formed national competition (first season in 2005-06) known as the A-League. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Perth Glory FC is an association football (soccer club from Perth Western Australia, playing in the A-League. The A-League is the premier Australasian domestic Association football competition In the past Perth Glory has been a relatively successful team by winning the last two NSL (National Soccer League) seasons (2002-03 & 2003-04). This page is on the former Australian soccer league For the former Canadian league see Canadian National Soccer League. Perth Glory's home games are played at Members Equity Stadium, although they have previously played semi and grand-finals at Subiaco Oval. Members Equity Stadium is a Sports stadium in Perth, Australia.
Western Australia is the home of the Western Force, a new franchise in the Super 14 rugby union competition (formerly the Super 12 before the addition of the Force and a team in South Africa for the 2006 season). Western Force is a Rugby union team based in Perth, Western Australia playing in the international Super 14 competition The Super 14 is the largest Rugby union football club championship in the Southern hemisphere, consisting of four state teams from Australia (Queensland/Reds Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Their home ground is Subiaco Oval. Subiaco Oval, known colloquially as Subi, is the highest capacity sports Stadium in Perth, Western Australia.
Western Australia has a team in the National Basketball League, the Perth Wildcats, who are one of the most successful teams in the league's history. The National Basketball League is Australia 's top-level professional Basketball competition History The 1980s Formed in 1982 as the Westate Wildcats, the Wildcats became the first and so far only Western Australian club to compete in the NBL However, the popularity of basketball as a spectator sport in Australia has sharply declined since the early 1990s. Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m
Western Australia's first rugby league team to play in a national competition were the Western Reds, who played in the 1995 and 1996 seasons of the Australian Rugby League. The 1995 Australian Rugby League premiership was the 88th season of professional Rugby league football in Australia and the first to be run by the Australian Rugby The Australian Rugby League 's 1996 premiership was the 89th season of professional Rugby league football in Australia and the second to be run by the Australian The Australian Rugby League (ARL is the governing body for the Sport of Rugby league in Australia In 1997 they changed their name to the Perth Reds and joined the Super League as inaugural members. This article details the Super League half of 1997's split club competition This article details the year of rugby league run by Super League (Australia.
Despite showing some promise (particularly in the underage competitions) the Reds were not invited to join the National Rugby League in 1998 as part of the agreement to end the Super League war. 1998 saw the inaugural season of the reunited National Rugby League premiership the 91st season of professional Rugby league football in Australia This article details what is commonly referred to as the Super League war, which was fought in and out of court during the mid-1990s by
In 2007 the Western Australia Rugby League re-formed the team as the WA Reds. The Western Australia Rugby League (WARL is responsible for administering the game of Rugby league in Western Australia They will compete in the Jim Beam Cup from 2008, with a view to entering the National Rugby League competition in 2012. Current Ladder History The Jim Beam Cup is the latest in a succession Sydney-based second tier semi-professional Rugby League competitions 2012 ( MMXII) will be a Leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Their home ground is Members Equity Stadium. Members Equity Stadium is a Sports stadium in Perth, Australia.
Horse racing is very popular with race meeting every Saturday, fortnightly mid week meetings and weekly meetings at one of the major country centres. This article is about the sport For other uses see Horserace (drinking game or Horse race (politics. The Perth Cup is the premier race held each New Years Day at [[Ascot Racecourse, Western Australia|Ascot Racecourse]]. The Perth Cup is Western Australia 's premier Thoroughbred horse race and is held at Ascot Racecourse on New Year's Day each year New Year's Day is the first day of the Year. On the modern Gregorian calendar, it is celebrated on January 1, as it was also in ancient Rome (though The metropolitan tracks are Ascot Racecourse for the Spring and Summer months, Belmont Park is used for during wetter Autum and Winter months. Ascot Racecourse is an English racecourse located in the village of Ascot, Berkshire used for Thoroughbred horse racing. Belmont Park Western Australia is one of the two major horse racing venues within the Perth Western Australia metropolitan area the other being Ascot Racecourse
Harness racing is held all year round at Gloucester Park, with additional meeting in country areas. Harness racing is a form of Horse-racing in which the horses race in a specified gait Gloucester Park is a Harness racing course in Perth, Western Australia. Greyhound racing is at Cannington Raceway and Mandurah. Greyhound racing is the Sport of Racing Greyhounds The Dogs chase a lure (traditionally an artificial Hare or Rabbit Cannington is a southern suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Canning. Mandurah is a city in Western Australia located approximately south of the state capital Perth, Western Australia.
Most country towns have a racecourse and have a major race day each year, these meeting are normally the centre piece of the communities activities, coinciding with other local events.
Western Australia also hosts the annual Hopman Cup mixed tennis tournament at the Burswood Dome. The Hopman Cup is an annual international team Tennis Tournament founded by Paul McNamee and Charlie Fancutt, and held in Perth The Burswood Entertainment Complex is located on the Swan River some five minutes from the city of Perth Western Australia, and is owned by Crown Limited
Telstra Rally Australia, which is a part of the World Rally Championship (WRC) was held each year on the gravel roads in the south-west jarrah forests as well as special stages held in central Perth at either Gloucester Park or on Langley Park. Rally Australia is an automobile rally event which was held in and around Perth, Western Australia between 1988 and 2006 History Early The World Rally Championship was formed from well-known international rallies nine of which were previously part of the International Championship Gloucester Park is a Harness racing course in Perth, Western Australia. Langley Park is an open space in the central business district of Perth, Western Australia. The final running of the event in WA occurred in October 2006.
Normally at least one international golf tournament is held in WA each year, with the Johnnie Walker Classic at The Vines Resort & Country Club in Jan 2006 as part of both the European Tour and PGA Tour of Australasia. The Johnnie Walker Classic is a European Tour Golf tournament which is played in the Asia Pacific region The PGA European Tour is an organisation which operates the three leading men's professional Golf tours in Europe the elite European Tour, the European The PGA Tour of Australasia is a professional Golf tour for men In past years international tournaments have also been held at the Karrinyup Country Club. The Heineken Classic was held in WA throughout the 1990s and was at times the richest tournament held in Australia. The Heineken Classic was a men's professional Golf tournament played in Australia from 1993 to 2005 as part of the PGA Tour of Australasia.
Interestingly, Perth has the strongest regional (State/County/Province) field hockey competition in the world. There are many field hockey clubs for children, men, women and veterans (over 40 year of age). Western Australia (especially given it only has 10% of Australia's population) hugely contributes to the national Australian men's and ladies' hockey teams which have both been winners of Olympic Gold Medals.
Perth also has and is currently home to numerous state and international sporting events such as:
The Swan River's large surface area with expansive ski zones are used by many Surface Water Sports such as Skurfing, Wakeboarding, Kiteboarding, Skiing, Biscuiting for local, national and international events. The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. The following is a list of surface water sports; these are sports which are performed atop a body of water "Skurfing" has two common uses Surfboard Water-skiing In this instance skurfing is used to describe a popular surface watersport in which the participant Wakeboarding is a surface Water sport which involves riding a wakeboard over the surface of a body of water behind a boat Water skiing is a Sport where an individual (or more than one individual is pulled behind a Motor boat or a cable ski installation on a body of water wearing Tubing, also known as inner tubing or even toobing, is a recreational activity of riding an Inner tube, either on water Snow, or through
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Lumbar Epidural Injection: Recovery at Home
You don’t need to stay in bed when you get home. In fact, it’s best to walk around if you feel up to it. Just be careful about being too active. Even if you feel better right away, avoid activities that may strain your back. And follow up on all treatment with your doctor.
What to Know About Pain Relief
Keep in mind that some patients feel increased pain at first. It usually goes away within a few days. You may also have headaches or trouble sleeping. These should also go away within a few days. In general:
An injection to reduce inflammation takes a day or two to work. There may even be more pain at first.
An injection to help locate the source of pain may give only brief pain relief. Later, you’ll feel the same as you did before the injection.
Tips for Recovery
Whether you were injected for pain relief or diagnosis, these tips will help you recover:
Take walks when you feel up to it.
Rest if needed, but get up and move around after sitting for half an hour.
Don’t exercise vigorously.
Don’t drive the day of the procedure or until your doctor says it’s OK.
Return to work or other activities when your doctor says you’re ready.
When to Call Your Doctor
Call right away if you notice any of the following symptoms:
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news & tips
A collection of helpful articles on teachers and teaching
The Fun Theory
I have been ranting about technology for the last several blogs, so it only seems fair that I should share a very cool website that showcases how technology can be used creatively to entice people to do the right thing. Visit www.thefuntheory.com and check out what the innovative thinkers at Volkswagen have been doing.
This is technology at its best- motivating human behavior in the right direction, and not just for corporate profit. The technology used in the experiments also centers around people having FUN!! Imagine that- having fun doing the right thing! This is technology being used to its greatest advantage- not with an iPhone in every pocket, or a new laptop every six months, but as a tool for the most creative thinkers to inspire creativity and free thinking in others. This is how technology should be used in classrooms- as a way to enhance thinking and talent, not replace them. It is of no surprise to me that all of the experiments shown in the videos take place in Europe, which is decades ahead of us in terms of inspiring creative thought. While we tie ourselves in knots regarding standardized assessments, Europe continues to inspire creativity and innovation in everyday practices. As for the website, my favorite is the piano stairs, what ‘s yours?
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Senator voices concern over proposed weapons program cuts
Senate Defense Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Daniel Inouye, D-Hawaii, Tuesday raised concerns over the Obama administration's proposals to cut many of the military's top weapons programs, suggesting, for example, that they could harm the U.S. government's ability to deter potential adversaries.
But during a hearing with Pentagon leaders on the Defense Department's fiscal 2010 budget request, Inouye did not signal how he would address these concerns as his panel prepares to mark up the Defense spending bill later this summer. He said after the hearing that his subcommittee will continue to discuss the concerns with the administration.
"I hope it doesn't send the wrong signal to our potential enemies or our friends that we are reducing our capabilities," said Inouye, who also heads the full Appropriations Committee. "I also hope it will not diminish our military industrial base. I hope that it will not diminish our deterrence posture and the strength that we provide to our allies."
During the hearing, Defense Secretary Robert Gates and Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Michael Mullen defended their budget request, which calls for major changes and terminations for dozens of military programs, including the Army's Future Combat Systems and the Navy's DDG-1000 destroyer.
The request also would end production of several programs that are popular with lawmakers, including the F-22 Raptor fighter jet and the C-17 Globemaster III cargo plane. Still, Mullen said, 35 percent of the $534 billion Defense spending request will pay for modernization programs.
Gates argued that the request balances capabilities needed for conventional warfare against other countries and the types of equipment and skills needed for counterinsurgency operations. Gates also pledged to do "everything in my power" to prevent major cuts in defense spending as long as he is at the helm of the Pentagon.
Meanwhile, Gates said he plans to make a decision within the next 10 days on how to proceed with the new competition for Air Force aerial refueling tankers. Included in those decisions are whether the Air Force or his office will oversee the competition, as well as what mechanisms will be in place to ensure a fair, open and transparent process. Gates added that he plans to ask Deputy Defense Secretary William Lynn "to take a very close interest in this process."
Last year, a team led by Northrop Grumman Corp. and EADS, the European consortium behind Airbus, beat out Boeing Co. for the contract to build the tankers, worth an estimated $35 billion.
But the Government Accountability Office upheld Boeing's protest of the award and the Pentagon canceled the contract. A request for proposals, which officially launches the new competition, is expected sometime this summer.
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Now that the debate over what dog ought to move into the White House has been resolved, new anxieties sprout up in the national dog community.
Animal advocates were disappointed that the president hadn't adopted a shelter mutt, and instead opted for Bo, a purebred Portuguese Water Dog.
Fans of that breed are worried that the "101 Dalmatians" effect will kick in, raising demand for the breed to such a level that puppy mills start churning out the up-to-now rare specimens.
The former complaint hardly merits a response, seeing as Bo is a rescued dog. Bo never spent time in a shelter, but was returned to his breeder after the 6-month-old turned out to be "not a good fit" for the family who'd purchased him, an AP article in the Washington Post stated yesterday. Sen. Kennedy, owner of two Porties - as they are known - from that same breeder, gave Bo to the Obamas. Bo, then, was second-hand, so to speak.
The concern that the president's choice of dog will have an effect on the breed's popularity, however, is valid. Already, breeders with upcoming litters have seen interest in the puppies surge. And that could be a problem.
The Obamas chose this breed after long deliberation, and after being around Sen. Kennedy's dogs. Let's hope anyone wanting to jump on the presidential bandwagon will be equally scrupulous in making the decision. Porties can be high-maintanence. If prospective buyers don't have time, energy and discipline to spend on these dogs, members of the now-trendy breed may soon end up in shelters.
Porties tend to have a lot of energy and can be very headstrong, said Mary Harkins, national rescue coordinator of the Portuguese Water Dog Club of America.
"We definitely recommend obedience training for anyone getting one," she said.
They are beloved because they're very loyal and devoted to the family, she said. But they can be so to a fault.
"These dogs live to be with their families and need someone to be with them," Harkins said.
If they are simply put out in the yard while mom and dad are at work, they will become problematic,she said.
For now, the breed's numbers are small enough to where breeders take them back if things don't work, as Bo's breeder did. But with rising popularity, this may change, especially if less-than-honorable breeders get into the Portie business.
Let's hope the Portie-breeding sector of the economy stays right where it is under the president's guidance.
-- Jacques Von Lunen; email@example.com
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June 19, 2013
Christian Appy on ‘Mekong Diaries’
Posted on Jan 16, 2009
“We lost the war because the Vietnamese just flat out beat us. And we lost the war because we didn’t understand that they were poets.” I was offered this Delphic explanation of American defeat in Vietnam by Larry Heinemann, a novelist who survived some of the war’s fiercest fighting in 1967 and 1968 as a soldier with the 25th Infantry Division near the Cambodian border in Tay Ninh province. The inspiration for his enigmatic comment came years later when he revisited Vietnam and met a professor of literature whose wartime service included lectures on American writers to Vietnamese troops as they traveled down the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Professor Lien told the young soldiers about Walt Whitman and Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner.
“Now what Vietnamese literature did the American military teach to you?” Lien asked in all sincerity. “I laughed so hard I almost squirted beer up my nose,” Heinemann recalls. He explained that American military training did not place a premium on the prose or poetry of any culture, even its own.
But how could poetry, or any kind of art, help explain one of history’s most astonishing victories? I think what Heinemann meant was that the Communist-led cause in Vietnam mobilized not just bodies, but souls. How else to explain the will of millions of Vietnamese to fight for years under unimaginably difficult conditions—under the most massive bombing in world history, in jungle camps and tunnels, on a diet of rice and cassava, for year after year after year. It was common for people to fight for five or even 10 years if they lived long enough. I met one man who was away from home for 29 years fighting the French and then the Americans. When he finally returned, his mother insisted that he show her a familiar mole on the back of his head to confirm that he was, in fact, her son.
To maintain morale, the government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) deployed hundreds of artists, writers, actors, singers, photographers, puppeteers and dancers. These members of the “Literature and Arts” section of the military (Van Nghe) did not just visit combat troops, or lecture to them; they lived with them, moved with them, camped with them, and sometimes fought along with them. They were military artists in residence, only the residence was a war zone, not a campus. When combat was imminent they might move to the rear, but, when necessary, they picked up arms and fought, and died.
What a contrast to the morale-boosting efforts of the U.S. military. In his memoir, commander William Westmoreland, sounding very much like a corporate personnel manager, claimed that the morale of his troops remained high because they had a one-year tour of duty, a one-week R & R in an Asian capital like Bangkok, well-stocked PXs and other “creature comforts.” That, and an occasional USO show featuring Bob Hope and young starlets like Joey Heatherton and Ann-Margret, pretty much exhausted the command’s prescription for morale. Of course, the strongest morale is built on an enduring commitment to a clear and convincing underlying moral purpose, a cause, and the military was no more successful than U.S. policymakers at identifying a cause in Vietnam that could sustain the faith of its citizens and its soldiers.
Sherry Buchanan’s new book, “Mekong Diaries: Viet Cong Drawings & Stories, 1964-1975,” gives us a stunning look at some of the wartime art produced by the Vietnamese soldier-artists who served in the “American War” to drive out the U.S., topple the American-backed government in Saigon and reunite Vietnam. The book’s title is a bit misleading. This is not a collection of diaries. There are a few scraps of moving wartime correspondence and some wartime poems by Nguyen Duy, but this is, primarily, a collection of watercolors and sketches created during the war by soldier-artists.
To provide some context for the images, Buchanan has included several introductory essays and reminiscences from each of the 10 featured artists. The essays are written by Buchanan, a former features editor at The Wall Street Journal who now works independently on Asian art and culture, and two of her collaborators—Nam Nguyen (a Vietnamese-American who left Vietnam as a refugee in 1975 at age 7), and Nguyen Toan Thi, a war artist who was, until 2005, the director of the Ho Chi Minh City Fine Arts Museum.
Most of the featured artists were born in southern Vietnam, and a number of them served in the war of resistance to French rule (1946-1954)—the First Indochina War—as well as the American War. After the Geneva Accords divided Vietnam in 1954, they “regrouped” to the North, where they received training at the Hanoi School of Fine Arts; a few trained in the Soviet Union as well. As the United States escalated its military intervention to prevent the collapse of the government it had backed in South Vietnam since 1954, Hanoi began to send artists on the four-month trip down the Ho Chi Minh Trail to the southern “Front.” During the course of the American War, about 100 soldier-artists served with units of the People’s Liberation Armed Forces (the southern guerrillas known to Americans as the Viet Cong) and units of the People’s Army of Vietnam (the North Vietnamese army). Sixty-two of them died in the war.
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With more than $5,000 earned at the Soup Bowl Supper fund-raiser, Yampa Valley Recycles plans to build a fourth pedestrian recycling unit in Steamboat Springs.
The existing recycling containers hold vending boxes for local and statewide newspapers, along with a slot for recycling those publications. Three bins already are in place at Seventh Street and Lincoln Avenue, Fifth Street and Lincoln Avenue, and on Third Street near the post office. The location of the next one has to be determined.
Yampa Valley Recycles was chosen from 14 nonprofit organizations that applied to the Steamboat Clay Artisans to be recipients of proceeds from this year's Soup Bowl Supper. Steamboat Clay Artisans donates the clay, time and resulting bowls to the fund-raiser. The nonprofit must provide the food for the fund-raiser. The nonprofit also is in charge of set-up, serving and clean-up for the fund-raiser.
The Oct. 2 event was the third annual Soup Bowl Supper. Between tickets sales and silent auction items, $5,840 was raised.
The dinner was held in two seatings. The first seating sold out, and more than 100 people came to the second seating.
"It was an absolute ball," organizer Deb Babcock said. "On a per person basis, this was the highest amount we raised in the three years of the event. A lot of people said this was they had come every year. That made all the potters feel really good."
For the 2003 event, the Steamboat Clay Artisans made 300 bowls and hosted three seatings.
"It was a stretch for us," Babcock said. "People were rushed in and out. This year, we limited it to two seatings. It worked out well. It was relaxing and comfortable. That's how we'll do it from now on."
This year's event, through the efforts of Yampa Valley Recycles, was "zero waste." Members of the nonprofit group brought pieces of cloth to be used as napkins and gave out recycled plastic mugs with the Yampa Valley Recycles logo that attendees could take home with their ceramic bowls. Diners used soup spoons that were donated by Colorado Mountain College in the first year of the event.
Steamboat Clay Artisans will host the Soup Bowl Supper again in 2005 and will accept applications for recipients in January.
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How we find healing through sports
Do the games we watch have the power to help us heal?
On Sept. 21, 2001, the New York Mets played the Atlanta Braves at Shea Stadium. It was the first major sporting event in New York since the Twin Towers went down. Our hearts were still pinned under the rubble.
Two firefighters, an EMT and a cop threw out the first pitches. Liza Minnelli sang "New York, New York" for the seventh-inning stretch. And in the bottom of the eighth, with the Mets down 2-1 and a runner on base, Mike Piazza launched one over the wall in left-center. The Mets were up 3-2, and that's how it stayed.
Do sports heal?
Tommy Tomlinson and Richard Lapchick join Bob Ley in an "Outside the Lines" discussion about the healing power of sports. Watch
The crowd let out this huge bellow of release, and everybody waved American flags, and all over the country people wept at the highlights. But here, 10 years later, I'll be honest. I've been a Braves fan all my life. And as a Braves fan, that moment kind of sucked.
In an essay for ESPN.com in 2002, the late David Halberstam dismissed the healing power of sports after Sept. 11. I'd like to gently suggest that sports does heal, and in fact did heal on that very night when Piazza hit that home run. And not only did it heal those Mets fans, and all those people just rooting for New York, but it also healed people like me, who couldn't help but wonder, on that magic night, what this all meant for the race in the National League East.
Let's be clear. Watching a ballgame couldn't fix what happened on Sept. 11. Hell, killing Osama bin Laden didn't fix it. The hurt went too deep. As a nation, though we are back up and moving, we will always walk with a bit of a limp.
Even now the attacks cause our fears to boil up. Some sad soul tries to play martyr, or some politician tries to scare votes out of us, and without even thinking we pick at the scabs.
Halberstam, in his essay, said being "strong, wise and patient" would get us through. He said sports don't bring any true emotional balance; "we must get it from our loved ones, family, friends, co-workers."
It's sound advice. But I think, for all his reasoned comments about what sports can't do, the great Mr. Halberstam forgot about what they can.
The sports we love are not a dip into the waters of Lourdes. They're a bandage, a salve, a plaster cast on a broken arm. They don't heal us by themselves. They give us protection and time so we can heal on our own.
You know how a great book can consume you so fully that you get lost in the world between the covers? A great game -- or even just a great sports moment -- can do the same thing. It becomes its own little universe. And it puts you in the center of it.
Gordon Hayward of Butler grabs the rebound with 3.6 seconds left in last year's NCAA basketball final, down by two to Duke. Four quick dribbles and he's at half court. He takes the shot. If it goes in, it's the greatest moment in basketball history. The ball arcs through the air. The universe slows to a heartbeat. And for that brief pulse of time, millions of people forget about the jobless rate and the price of gas and the terrorists trying to kill us.
The ball hits the rim, and only then do we breathe.
Tell us your story
Can we really say that a game played with a bat and ball, stick and puck, or pigskin and pads can help heal our emotional scars? Especially for something as devastating as the loss of a loved one?
ESPN The Magazine and SportsNation asked sports fans to share their opinions on how much sports help us heal. Share
You could call that a diversion, as Halberstam did, but it's not quite the right word. We talk about getting absorbed by the games. Turn that into active voice and what happens is more clear. The games absorb us. And sometimes that's what we need. We need something to soak us up. We need to get carried away.
Movies can do that too, and books and paintings and music and sex and long days out on the water. None of those things is essential. Sports aren't essential. But they help make the difference between living and being alive.
Of course some people take it too far -- the "obsessive superfans" (Halberstam's phrase) who detach from the rest of the world, and pay more attention to their teams than their families. Too much medicine can turn into poison.
But most of us aren't like that. We're strong enough to deal with whatever life hurls at us -- the ordinary terrors of our daily lives, or the profound shock of a day like Sept. 11.
Still, our hearts can't lift the load forever. We have to put it down once in a while, and find a place where we can gather our strength.
Hey, look. There's a game on.
My favorite thing about that Piazza game is that the Braves pitcher got tossed. Reliever Steve Karsay gave up a walk just before the home run, and he thought plate ump Wally Bell had squeezed the strike zone. Karsay was so mad that he rushed Bell after the inning and had to be held back by teammates.
And you know what? The ump did squeeze the strike zone. At least that's what I thought at the time. In that moment, as a fan, what mattered was that my team got jobbed. Forget Liza and Mayor Giuliani and Diana Ross singing "God Bless America." Forget the Pentagon and those people on that plane in Pennsylvania and that hole in the ground in Manhattan.
Forget it all, just for a second, and think about balls and strikes.
Sept. 11, 2001, won't ever go away. We remember it on anniversaries, of course, but also at the oddest times. Maybe you flip past a movie one night and there's a shot of the Twin Towers, tall and strong. Maybe you drive by a brush fire and something in the smoke switches on a memory. Maybe your mind wanders back through the years on its own, still trying to make sense of it all.
But after a while, if you're like me, maybe you start thinking about whether Oklahoma's got the goods this year, or if Serena will ever come all the way back, or if the Packers have a chance to repeat.
Or maybe you think about the Miracle on Ice, or Lorenzo Charles' dunk at the buzzer, or Jack on the back nine in '86.
You might even think about a Mets-Braves game that lives in the same place as all those solemn memorials, all those days of fear and panic. It belongs in that place. It played a part.
This is the blessing of sports. They help you remember when you want to remember, and they help you forget when you need to forget.
They heal us an inning at a time, quarter after quarter, play by play.
Not all the way. But enough.
Tommy Tomlinson, a columnist for The Charlotte (N.C.) Observer, was a finalist for the 2005 Pulitzer Prize for commentary. He can be reached at email@example.com.
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If NASA's Satellite Falls on Your Home, Who Pays for Repairs?
An artist's concept of the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) satellite in space. The 6 1/2-ton satellite was deployed from space shuttle Discovery in 1991 and decommissioned in December 2005. CREDIT: NASA
As of 10:30 a.m. EDT (1430 GMT) today (Sept. 23), NASA's Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) is projected to fall to Earth, and could land somewhere in the United States.
Let us be clear: There's an extremely remote chance that UARS will fall on you . But, for good measure, if UARS, or some other spacecraft, did fall on your property, could you keep it? And, if the bus-size satellite flattened your house, who would be on the hook for the repair bill?
First off, UARS is the property of the U.S. government, and remains so even after it comes back to Earth. To keep a piece, or to try to sell it, would be illegal unless NASA relinquishes ownership of the debris. When people tried to sell pieces of the Space Shuttle Columbia, for example, the government shut them down, pulled their auctions from eBay and reclaimed the debris. But that was a special case because the Columbia accident was under investigation at the time. When parts of the space station Skylab landed in Australia in 1979, NASA did not reclaim them. In the present case, NASA may or may not ask for UARS debris back.
The good news is that if the satellite, or even just sizable chunks of it, did in fact slam into your house, you wouldn't need to sell your new space souvenir to pay for repairs. By international law, NASA would have to foot the bill.
Liability for damage caused by objects falling from space is regulated by the 1972 Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects, according to NASA public affairs officer Beth Dickey. When the U.S. signed the pact, it agreed to be "absolutely liable to pay compensation for damage caused by its space object on the surface of the Earth or to aircraft in flight." That goes if UARS, or anything else NASA has put into orbit, crashes down in Kansas, France or Zimbabwe. [Huge Tumbling Satellite Could Fall to Earth Over US Tonight or Saturday, NASA Says]
The terms cover just about everything. In this case, "damage" is defined as loss of life, personal injury or other impairment of health; or loss of or damage to property of states or of persons, natural or juridical, or property of international intergovernmental organizations.
And the payout is fairly good. Again, quoting the treaty: "The compensation which the launching State shall be liable to pay for damage under this Convention shall be determined in accordance with international law and the principles of justice and equity, in order to provide such reparation in respect of the damage as will restore the person, natural or juridical, State or international organization on whose behalf the claim is presented to the condition which would have existed if the damage had not occurred."
One slight hitch in the treaty is that you have to present your claim no later than one year following the incident (or discovery of the damage). If you've got a bus-size satellite sitting in your living room, however, we suspect that satisfying this condition would not be an issue.
- When Space Attacks: The 6 Craziest Meteor Impacts
- 6 Everyday Things that Happen Strangely in Space
- Complete coverage of NASA's falling satellite
MORE FROM LiveScience.com
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Often taking the form of a woman, Death is the personification of death. She came into existence with Eternity, Infinity, and Oblivion at the start of all existence. Like her "siblings" she is nearly omnipotent.
Death rarely speaks, usually deploying servants to speak for her. She can release a soul from its body and send them to their final destination. She can also bring souls back, if not already in the possession of another (for instance, a god would have rightful ownership to a devout worshiper). In fact, the only souls out of the reach by death are those claimed by others, such as those who have contracted their souls to Mephisto.
There are also others who have a level of immunity to Death's "gift", such as immortals. Still others have been refused Death's gift personally, like the Elders of the Universe; one of their own, the Grandmaster swindled her in a contest.
Major Story Arcs
Death has also garnered her own followers, notably Thanos. She brought Thanos back to life because she sensed an imbalance in the universe and because of Eternity and Galactus trying to override her power and the actions of the In-Betweener. She believed that if the populations of the universe continue to climb that they will all end in disaster, giving her more souls than her power can handle. She tells Thanos to kill fifty percent of the universe's population. He eventually becomes infatuated with her.
Thanos gains the permission of Death to seek out the Infinity Gems to help him achieve his task. Through this she is able to get her revenge on the In-Betweener, when Thanos steals the soul gem from him and leaves him at the further mercy of his enraged masters. He obtains the final five gems and returns to Death. He claims his love for her and believes that they can rule at each others side now. She creates him a throne next to her, but she will still not speak with him. When he questions this, he is told that he is now her superior and they are not equals.
When Thanos gets the Infinity Gauntlet he planned to rule all the universe with Death by his side. Yet no matter what he did, she was not impressed. With a snap of his fingers he killed half the life in the universe. She still did not show any interest. Thanos finally becomes angry and sends a devastating shockwave across the universe. To spite her further, Thanos creates a companion for himself named Terraxia and tells Death he does not require her love any longer. This is just a plot for his love for her is undying.
Death eventually turns on Thanos and joins the cosmic beings in their attack on him. Thanos is deeply hurt by this. He still cannot obtain her love even with all the power in the universe.
The Silver Surfer
Death soon found what she didn't see in Thanos in the Silver Surfer. She had chosen him for his ability to bring death to untold billions. She plagued his mind with dreams of the deaths he had caused. She tried to make him her consort by force, but her minions were no match for the Surfer. Seeking information, the Surfer sought an unlikely ally - Thanos. Thanos agreed to help the Surfer but was outraged that the Surfer would be chosen as consort instead of himself. Through trust, he captured the Surfer and took him to Death's realm.
Thanos made his last appeal to be by Death's side and offered the Surfer to her. She accepted, but Thanos wished to be her love in exchange for his gift. Once again he has shown Death that he does not wish to serve her but to barter with her. She refuses Thanos once again. Angry, Thanos frees the Surfer and they work together to defeat Death's minions. Before they escape, Death lets it be known that Thanos is forever barred from entering her realm ever again and he shall live forever.
Lady Death was then met by a death god of another galaxy known as the Walker. He courted Death and she accepted him, much to the dismay of Thanos. As a gift to her, the Walker took the lives of all those in his galaxy into himself to offer to Lady Death. This gift disgusted her and she refused him, causing the Walker to become extremely angry. He decided that he would kill her for what she had done. This would cause utter chaos to the universe.
Thanos would easily forgive Death for her actions and protect her. He hid her while he could take out the Walker. Death hid herself in Marlo Jones while Thanos teamed up with Captain Marvel and Thor to defeat the Walker. In fact, the reason Marlo was even brought back to life was the fact that Death was inside of her, causing her to see ghosts of the dead who were drawn to her. After they successfully slowed the Walker down, Thanos and the others led him to Purgatory, where none could die including Death.
Walker saw through Marlo and realized the truth of where Death was hidden. Since Death cannot handle suffering, Walker used Marlo's love for Rick Jones in an attempt to get her to end her own life. But this backfired on Walker. Death would have given her life to end the suffering but being in a human host changed her traits to those more human, and far less forgiving. Death attacked Walker and removed the billions of souls from him, causing him immense pain and an eternity of agony.
Death returned Marlo to life, but as a result of Walker's torture, Rick Jones remained in an aged state and lost one of his arms.
When Thanos went on a pilgrimage to the Kyln, a prison on the edge of the universe known as the Crunch, Death appeared before him as a human girl. This is the moment she chose to finally speak to the Mad Titan, who at this point had given up on his desire to impress her. She claimed that she had desires beyond her essence and that she needed more than just death. She tells Thanos that she has always loved him as much as she is capable of such an emotion and asks for Thanos to find a way to love her the way she has always wanted.
Before Annihilation, Death came to bear witness to the coming of the Annihilation Wave, describing the coming of something "wonderful".
Death, who usually avoids the temporal affairs, shows an unusual interest in Deadpool, the merc with a mouth. He is one of the few - if not the only - sane mortals that can see and interact with her. During his torture after his failure in Department K, she would often distract him with fantasy worlds for the two, such as dancing together or having a picnic. She was the reason he wanted to die during that time, so he could be with her. However, when Deadpool activated his healing power through his need for vengeance, he could no longer see or hear her which upset the plans she had for him. While they had a flirtatious relationship, she made it clear that they would never so much as kiss until after he died.
Thanos, jealous of her attention and affections toward Deadpool, makes sure they can never be together. In his efforts to keep them apart, he gives Deadpool's worst enemy, T-Ray, the power to bring Deadpool back to life after he was killed by Weapon X. Thanos also gives T-Ray a cosmic item, the Gemini Star, which would split Deadpool's personalities apart from him, leaving him nothing but a boring shell, unappealing to Death. Even though the plan failed, Thanos cursed Deadpool with a worse fate than death; with life, preventing Deadpool from ever enjoying Death's embrace.
Thanos Imperative and Chaos War
After the invasion of Lord Mar-Vell and his deathless minions of the Cancerverse during the Thanos Imperative, Death appears when Thanos is to be sacrificed by Mar-Vell. Instead of taking Thanos, she destroys Mar-Vell, who had already cheated death once in his reality. She had allowed Thanos' return from the dead to set the trap. After killing Mar-Vell, Death destroyed the entire Cancerverse.
During the Chaos War, the evil entity known as Mikaboshi begins attacking all the underworlds of the universe and taking the dead into his army. In response to this, Death leaves the reality, causing all those that are dead to a deathless state of limbo.
In What If ...? #49 " What If the Silver Surfer possessed the Infinity Gauntlet? Before the surfer is corrupted by the gauntlet he changes Death into a beautiful being. She became an "alluring guide to a higher plane." "cherished not feared."
Silver Surfer (1998)
In the Silver Surfer animated series, Death is called 'Lady Chaos,' most likely to tone it down since the market for the show was children. Her appearance differs greatly from her comic book counterpart. She remains the target of Thanos' obsession.
Lady Chaos is voiced by Lally Cadeau, who also provided the voice of Moira MacTaggart in the X-Men animated series.
Deadpool (360, PS3)
Death is slated to appear in the upcoming game.
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I found myself in Bulgaria last week (and very beautiful it was too). I was giving a new talk (as requested) about the impact of the digital world in language teaching. I started by showing the following photo (taken in 2007 and used in a recent book of mine) and asking the audience to reflect on what technology they could see. Hell, you can imagine all those teacher training sessions 2000 years ago on ‘the impact of chalk in language teaching’.
The first time I did the presentation I then showed the following video clip about the Plan Ceibal (the one-laptop-per-child project in Uruguay). It takes a full 5 minutes, but it’s well worth watching.
And various questions are posed by these two ‘extremes’ – and suddenly became immediately relevant in the context of ITC access in Bulgaria. And that’s what this blog is all about. Here goes:
1 If you can ‘teach with a stick in the desert’ why do you need fancy technology?
2 If you were able to get the money to equip a whole country with free broadband and one-laptop-per-child, would you do it? And if so what would you do with it? How suspicious are you when (as in a country – not Uruguay – recently) governments hand out tablets or IWBs as a mark of progress?
3 How relevant is discussion of the digital age when, as in Bulgaria, very very few schools have access to the kind of technology. Would I have been better off talking about desert & stick techniques?
4 And just because kids are completely familiar with (and use) digital technology, does that mean we need to (or that they want us to)?
5 And (a question I posed at the IATEFL conference in Glasgow) does being a good teacher automatically include (in 2012) being IT-competent?
(for the record, in the talk last week I referenced Vicky Saumell’s digital storytelling blog, talked about Bruno Andrade’s use of Skype (and talked about how @TEFLpet uses it too), pinched a lovely idea from @feedtheteacher and then referred teachers to Eduardo Santos’ lovely use of QR codes, took them through one of Jamie Keddie’s Youtube ideas, showed mini video interviews with various teachers (incl @little_miss-glo), told them about the work of Languagelab in Second Life, showed theme videos from Essential Teacher Knowledge etc etc etc)
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History as Romantic Art: Bancroft, Prescott, Motley, and Parkman. By David Levin. [Stanford Studies in Language and Literature, XX.] (Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1959. Pp. x, 260. $5.50.)
Sunday supplement journalists, publishers, popular historians, and even elder statesmen of the historical profession are fond of lecturing the modern historian on his inability to write. Certainly a writer as witty and urbane as Carl Becker is a rarity, and he came like rain to a desert of self-styled "scientific" historians. Yet Henry Adams, who spent a lifetime in the service of a speculative ideal of "scientific" history, commanded a style that even a devotee of Henry James can admire. I can think of a large handful of our most sophisticated modern historians who write with genuine artfulness, do well in paperback, and even make the book-clubs, despite the fact that nobody, least of all themselves, eagerly awaits the day when the "new criticism" will perform reverent dissection on the body of their work. Perhaps the complainers only wish to remind us of the golden days when Boston Unitarian gentlemen-historians were proud to call themselves "men of letters." Mr. Levin, playing the demanding double role of historian and literary critic, has turned an analytic eye, trained in American Studies, on the four giants of this tradition who still stir such nostalgic and vague memories of past glories.
As historian, Mr. Levin establishes convincingly for the first time the unity of this group as participants in the American Romantic movement with allies in more familiar types of literature. These are the Coopers of American historiography. They share a view of the past as a vivid spectacle of moral drama, in which the reader is invited to participate. They all see the course of history as a spiralling progress towards the modern world of democracy, commerce, and individualistic religion. They celebrate together the superior "natural" morality of the man of self- reliant vigor, generous sympathy, and simple piety. Their histories exalt "Representative Men" of the People, like Bancroft's Washington, Prescott's Corés, Motley's William of Orange, and Parkman's La Salle, who embody the "natural" virtues, while they condemn the stock villains of priests and monks, emissaries of a despotic Old-World Church. With a common ambiguity of vision they respond to the Indian as a part-"natural," part-savage sentimental victim of progress. Whereas American historians have generally discovered the cult of the "Anglo-Saxon" theory of liberty as a Teutonic inheritance in the writings of a later generation, Mr. Levin finds the germs of the "germ-theory of politics" in these romantic historians.
For these valuable insights students of the literature of history and of the Romantic movement in American culture can thank Mr. Levin's discriminating exposition. The historian of philosophical turn of mind will be less satisfied since the problem remains of examining more thoroughly the advantages and disadvantages for history of this particular romantic attitude. This line of inquiry may be limited, if not foreclosed, by the author's commitment to the idea, shared by his subjects, of history as a literary art. He believes that the development of themes and the portrayal of character demand literary techniques, and he analyzes The Conquest of Mexico,The Rise of the Dutch Republic, and Montcalm and Wolfe from this point of view. Here I found myself less enlightened and persuaded, though a much more intimate knowledge than I have of the texts might have made it easier going. His critical conscience, keen to detect paste gems and false rhetoric, will, at least, unsettle the more breathless admirers of these powerful writers.
Mr. Levin sensibly admits that literary and historical questions cannot be separated in a work of history, for "no serious student of history or literature will actually read Motley or Prescott 'for his style,' although some people talk of doing so." Yet the effect on me of his analysis of the structure, characterizations, and styles of these examples of "romantic art" was perilously close to the formalistic hollowness he rightly condemns. Both art and history have, for the modern mind, a hard-won autonomy not easily relinquished. Serious readers of history, despite all the common complaints about Mr. Dryasdust, will, I suspect, go on reading historians for their historical insights and taking good style and imaginative structure as gracious blessings. Literary force is more than that, of course, so long as narration and characterization are intrinsic to the historical enterprise, but if we continue to read these classic historians it will finally be because of the quality of their historical imaginations. The difficulty is that already these instruments of the heroically productive Bostonian gentlemen increasingly appear to modern taste to be badly blunted by the literary romantic conventions Mr Levin has so clearly illuminated.
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Medical Detection Dogs trains dogs to help people with life threatening health conditions, giving these people greater independence and a higher quality of life. Having been taught to identify the odour changes that are associated with certain medical events, the dogs alert their ‘owners’; bring any necessary medical supplies such as glucose and blood testing kits, and get help if necessary.
Andy Cattigan, Waste King’s operations director, commented: “Of course, this pledge is in addition to the company’s continuing practical and monetary support for other charities.”
That practical and monetary support has included raising over £300 so far for ‘Movember’
“All of Waste King’s ‘Mo Bros’, as they’re known, began the month with a clean-shaven face and, ever since then, they’ve been encouraging their moustaches to grow,” said the company’s managing director, Glenn Currie.
“In recent days, there’s also been some grooming and trimming of these burgeoning appendages. I’m sure some of the team won’t want to shave their moustaches off when the end of the month arrives.”
Movember began in Australia, in 2003, to increase the public’s awareness of prostate cancer, and since then over 1.1m people have taken part.
Currie explained: “These charitable activities and donations are just part of Waste King’s on-going corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy.
“Being a company which specialises in collections, clearance and recycling, Waste King also wants to help look after the environment – and it does that by promoting the benefits of recycling, both in environmental terms and also in terms of directly benefiting people, through the work of its chosen charities. These charities include the British Heart Foundation and the Salvation Army – which benefit from the tonnes of recycled clothes, books, CDs and DVDs that we collect as part of our business.
“We’re pleased to be able to give something back to the local and wider community – especially to those who’re in need,” he said.
Formed in 2007 by Andy Cattigan and Glenn Currie, Waste King focuses not only on providing a friendly, efficient, cost-effective service but also one which is environmentally friendly. In particular, Waste King's Environment Agency-licensed staff ensure that the maximum amount of waste can be recycled and that all the waste collected is disposed of in an environmentally friendly way.
About Waste King Ltd
A specialist collections, clearance and recycling company, Waste King serves the domestic and commercial markets. It focuses not only on providing a friendly, efficient, cost-effective service but also one which is environmentally friendly. In particular, Waste King’s uniformed, Environment Agency-licensed staff take time to ensure that the maximum amount of waste can be recycled and that all the waste it collects is disposed of in an environmentally friendly way.
Waste King was formed, in 2007, by Glenn Currie and Andy Cattigan, who had experience in sales and IT respectively and were keen to ‘do something to help the environment’
Further information from:
Waste King Ltd, 0800 234 3657 / 07761 577001; glenn.currie@
Bob Little Press & PR, 01727 860405; firstname.lastname@example.org
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Ask Marilyn: More 20/20 Vision Explanation
Jo Conti of Tucson, Arizona, writes:
Marilyn: Is it possible that in your column about 20/20 vision, you meant to say that 20/30 vision means that you need to stand at 30 feet in order to see what is normally viewed at 20 feet? (October 7, 2012) Instead of the other way around? If one sees at 30 feet what ordinary people see at 20 feet, isn't one's vision worse, not better than 20/20? Please clarify this.
Other readers asked similar questions, and no wonder. I think that Snellen fractions are inherently confusing, and I believe the concept should be replaced. Anyway, you write, "If one sees at 30 feet what ordinary people see at 20 feet..." For the top number in the Snellen fraction, you always stands at 20 feet, not 30 feet. That's the standard Snellen chose.
So when you stand 20 feet from the eye chart, and you see clearly what eyes normally see at 20 feet, your vision is called normal. That's 20/20 vision. But when you stand 20 feet from the chart and can't see clearly what normal eyes see at that distance, your vision is less sharp. When you stand 20 feet from the chart and can see what normal eyes can see clearly at, say, 30 feet, your vision is 20/30. That's not as good as 20/20 vision.
But let's go back to your example, "If one sees at 30 feet what ordinary people see at 20 feet..." If this were indeed the case (forget Snellen fractions for a moment), your vision would be better then normal, not worse. You can see an object clearly at 30 feet, but ordinary people can't. They must move closer—up to 20 feet—before they can see it in focus.
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To the Editor:
May 2 was the 2012 Day to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. This month is a great time for teens and adults to learn to prevent unplanned pregnancy.
Teens HELP, a project of the St. Lawrence Health Initiative, works year round to help teens, parents, educators and medical providers improve reproductive healthcare and sexuality education. Staff and peer educators from Teens HELP listen to teens and share prevention education with many teens in St. Lawrence County. Everyone can make a difference!
Teens want to talk to their parents, but most feel they can’t. Teens worry their parents will think they are sexually active if teens ask about how the human body works. Adults, please listen without judging so teens will keep talking and asking questions.
Teens want privacy. The main theme of growing up is gathering knowledge and skills to become independent. Teens are just as secretive about what they haven’t done as what they have done! Both teens and adults can find ways to build trust.
Teens want to talk to their doctor but most won’t if their parents are in the room. Pediatricians and Family Doctors should follow best practice guidelines from the Center for Disease Control and American Academy of Pediatrics. Doctors who ask parents to step out of the room create the privacy needed to meet the needs of their patients.
Teens want to receive the confidential family planning care that NY law allows them. Medical providers, if you provide confidential reproductive health care to teens, please make that information available publicly so teens know where they can get services.
Teens will skip contraception when their concerns about confidentiality are not satisfied. Research shows that lack of available birth control has little effect on delaying sex. So teens risk pregnancy just so their parents won’t know they want family planning services. Educators and youth workers can help teens learn communication skills and how to locate family planning services.
This month, and every month, Teens HELP wants to encourage you to improve the lives of teens by reducing risks of sexual activity. We welcome invitations to speak to groups of parents, educators, medical staff, and faith communities.
Teens in St. Lawrence County are empowering themselves to reduce the risks of sexual activity. If you would like to support them call Kelly at Teens HELP 261-4760 ext 234.
Kelly Johnson-Eilola, Teens HELP Coordinator
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Ethopian Airlines President Protests FSF Crash Conclusion
The president of Ethiopian Airlines, Tewolde Gebremariam, said in a recent letter to the Flight Safety Foundation (FSF) that the loss of his airline’s Flight 409 on January 25, 2010, shortly after takeoff from Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport (OLBA), was not due to pilot error, but to a surface-to-air missile, a lightning strike or some form of sabotage.
Gebremariam took the foundation to task in a letter over an FSF story (“Spiral Dive,” AeroSafety World, March 2012) highlighting the Lebanese Ministry of Public Works and Transportation’s accident report about Ethiopian 409, which he claimed was riddled with “numerous factual inaccuracies, internal contradictions and hypothetical statements that are not supported by relevant evidence.”
The Lebanese accident report and the FSF story, both following 409’s cockpit voice and fight data recorder information, said the two Ethiopian pilots lost control of the Boeing 737-8 after a series of inconsistent flight control inputs while the captain attempted to hand fly the aircraft around a series of scattered thunderstorms over the Mediterranean Sea.
After listening to the same CVR, the airline president interpreted the story much differently, claiming the Lebanese authorities did not conduct a thorough investigation and made their decision to blame the pilots before all the evidence had been collected. Gebremariam said his explanation for the crash is born out by, “The significant eyewitness accounts, including the ATC controllers and pilots from other flights in the area, that contained statements regarding a ‘fire ball’ at altitude in the sky.”
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Robert F. Kennedy Jr explains how solar energy can help counter the ‘corruption’ of the fossil fuel industry while also helping to ‘democratise’ the energy industry – one rooftop at a time.
The next million rooftops won’t come as quickly as the first. But Queensland continue to dominate solar hot spots, despite removal of tariffs.
Predictions for the demise of solar PV in 2012 may be premature. The China market may quadruple, the US may double and even Germany looks set to make gains, despite tariff changes. Plus: the big predictions for clean-tech this year, and how the US military, post nuclear Japan and building refits will influence the market.
New report says solar arrays necessary to meet all the world’s projected energy needs in 2050 would cover under one percent of land area.
Rooftop solar generators could fundamentally change the nature of the electricity business, and there is an urgent need to re-think the national electricity market and infrastructure.
After a slow start, Australia is now claimed to be the most advanced market for solar PV in the world. What changed? Plus: A cute graphic on how solar PV is delivering a more efficient fuel source than coal and gas.
An Illinois-based company has created a business model that provides affordable, hassle-free solar for those who might not otherwise consider it.
Suntech CEO says China may deploy 4GW of solar in 2012, will be cheaper than fossil fuels in half the world.
Investment in solar has surged to unprecedented levels due to interest from large Wall Street banks, investors like Warren Buffett, and technology firms like Google.
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Step 1. Questions
Research a European who explored the America’s in the 1500’s or 1600’s. Here are some questions to help you think about your research.
To begin, visit the Internet sites in Step 2. You may also choose to visit a library, read your local newspaper, or interview an adult. Then follow Step 3 to write your report.
- Why did the explorer come here?
- What did the explorer do?
- What is the explorer best known for?
Step 2. Research
Research answers for the questions you were asked in Step 1. Visit these Web sites. Take notes about them on this page, too!
|Toolbox Tip: Click here for information on how to move from one Web page to another.|
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Humans have always had the capacity for self destruction ever since the Chinese experimented with gunpowder. But we’re still here.
Science nowadays is so heavily regulated by ethical bodies that the idea of going ‘too far’ – a wonderfully subjective concept, is somewhat tempered.
If, however, you are referring to the potential scenario of ‘self annihilation’ then isn’t this the ultimate state of regulation? :D
Mistakes made allow us to decide what is too far. History is a great teacher.
We test, we evaluate and then we re-evaluate.
I’d better stop here. My philosophy meter is showing a 7.5 monads on the Nietzsche-Schopenhauer scale
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The Spiritual Side of Sloth
In many faiths, sloth is more than just laziness--though couch potatoes are frowned upon, too.
The Gospel of Matthew's parable of a man who entrusts his servants with money is often interpreted as a warning against sloth. A master gives each of his three servants a certain amount of money. Two return more than they were given, while one buries the money and returns only the original amount. The Master denounces the servant for not doing anything to increase his wealth: "You wicked, lazy slave,...at my coming I should have received what was my own with interest (Matthew 25:26-27 )."
Catholicism condemns spiritual sloth (acedia
) as not wanting to work or exert oneself for spiritual goods. It is considered a sin because slothful people refuse to expend the energy necessary for leading a virtuous life. St. Thomas Aquinas defined sloth as "sluggishness of the mind which neglects to begin good."
Orthodox Christians similarly view sloth as a spiritual idleness. This story from the Desert Fathers explains this view: "A beginning monk, who went to a certain elder to confess, posed, among others, this question: 'Why, Father, do I fall so often into sloth?'
"'You lack the faith which makes you see God everywhere; for this reason you can be careless and lazy about your salva-tion,' the discerning elder wisely explained."
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints also condemns sloth. The Mormon Doctrine & Covenant states, " Set in order your houses; keep slothfulness and uncleanness far from you (90:18)."
Hindu philosophy urges Hindus to put effort into their lives. Human endeavor is seen as the opposite of sloth. Sloth is considered one of the fivevighnas
, troubles or obstacles. The Yogatattva Upanishad, one of the minor Upanishads, lists sloth among other obstacles, including grief, anger, greed, boastfulness, and bad company. Unless these obstacles are overcome, the text warns, a person may lead a life of despair.
The Maitri Upanishad, a later text than the classical Upanishads, explains that one cannot reach the ultimate realization by leading a life of sloth. "When a man, having freed his mind from sloth, distraction, and vacillation, becomes as it were delivered from his mind, that is the highest point."
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GRANTS PASS -- Supporters of a local ban on genetically modified crops filed signatures with the Jackson County clerk on Wednesday in Medford to put a measure on the county ballot.
Supporters carried signs and drove a tractor outside the Jackson County Courthouse before filing 6,710 signatures with the county clerk. To get on the ballot, 4,662 will have to be certified. Barring a special election, the next ballot it could get on would be May, 2014.
The measure would ban anyone from raising genetically engineered plants in Jackson County, with exemptions for scientific research. It also calls for the county to conduct inspections and allows enforcement through citizen lawsuits.
Chief petitioner Brian Comnes, a retiree from Ashland, said they want to protect organic farmers whose crops could be contaminated by pollen from genetically engineered crops, such as sugar beets and alfalfa.
"If someone is growing GMO alfalfa next to your organic alfalfa, the whole burden is on you not to get cross-pollinated," he said. "The guy who grows the GMO stuff doesn't have to do a thing."
Noting genetically modified canola and sugar beets have been an issue in the Willamette Valley, State Rep. Peter Buckley, D-Ashland, said he has drafted bills to require compensation for farmers who suffer losses from contamination by genetically modified crops, and to assure that if a county enacts a ban, it would be able to enforce it.
"We have our Right to Farm Law in Oregon," he said. "It's a question, and I want to make sure we are on solid legal footing."
Buckley added he expected strong opposition from the genetically engineered crops industry.
Co-petitioner Chris Hardy, an Ashland organic farmer, said certified organic seeds grown in the Rogue Valley are sold all over the country through various cooperatives. Since the U.S. Department of Agriculture deregulated sugar beets genetically modified to withstand the weed killer Roundup last July, they can be planted anywhere, and are grown all over the Rogue Valley, including a location across the road from his farm.
"We're pretty much surrounded here," he said.
Jackson County Farm Bureau President Ron Bjork says he thinks most farmers in the county believe in coexistence and would oppose an outright ban.
"This ballot measure they have, as far as I'm concerned, they should be talking about coexistence with the other farmers, and not trying to separate everybody," he said. "We believe in coexistence, the county Farm Bureau does."
Comnes said the owners of 90 farms, 230 businesses and four granges in the area have signed a statement in support of the ban.
Organic seed producer Chuck Burr of Ashland said he had to destroy his chard seed crop after learning that genetically engineered sugar beets were growing near enough to have cross-pollinated with his chard.
"I can't legally sell a seed I cannot guarantee would grow true to type," he said. "I have an absolute right to conduct commerce on my farm in my county where I live."
-- The Associated Press
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