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There is certain to be much soul-searching in newspapers everywhere following the exposure of a fabricated story that won a Pulitzer prize. The infuential Washington Post, which published the story about an 8-year-old heroin addict and submitted it for the coveted award, no doubt feels the embarrassment most keenly. But editors all across the counttry are examining their own standards, reflecting on whether they have on occasion failed to keep laxness and dishonesty from creeping into the profession of journalism.Skip to next paragraph
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The self-examination is important. It is no secret that the American public in general is critical of the press. Polls in recent years have shown journalism, like government and other institutions, losing public confidence. Yet the press is supposed to be -- and usually ism -- the watchdog and guardian of the nation's democratic way of life. If the news media have lost credibility with the public, this is a sad state of affairs which ought to concern every member of society. The nation needs a strong press. It also needs a responsible one. The fiassco of the "Jimmy" story merely underscores the obligation of newspapers and broadcasters to ask constantly: Are we accurate? Are we fair? Are we ojbective? Are we fulfilling our First Amendment rights responsibly -- or are we misuing them by coloring the truth in order to complete better?
It migt be said, however, that the press does not operate lin a moral vacuum. No less than any othe institution, it deals with the general attitudes of society. And while it may seek to help shape attitudes in constructive, informative, enlightened directions, it can also be the victim of slipped ethical standards and what seems to be the growing trend toward mental manipulation.
How much truth-telling is there in society at large? how much integrity in government, the business world, even religious institutions? How often is the truth shaded in the interest of entertainment, profit or personal ambition? One need not go far to descern the extent to which falsehood and fabrication are part and parcel of everyday life.
Think of the ubiquitous world of advertising, for instance, which inculates in adults and children alike the notion of a utopian life if they but use the right deodorant or eat the right cereal food.
Think of the shabby entertainment fare on television and in films which glorify the "thrills" of violence, horror, sex -- or, at the other end of the scale, prettify life unrealistically. Today many people must wonder where reality lies, so blurred has become the line between falsehood and truth, between fact and fantasy, between manipualation and freedom of thought.
Evem broadcast news reporting too often has fallen into the trap of shallow and deceptive entertainment.
It is the whole climate of society that needs wortking on. Parents should be asking how really honest they are with their children, or teachers with their students, or corporate executives with their stockholders, or government officals and politicians with the public. To the extent that falsehood is practiced --whether a petty cheating one's income tax, or an exaggeration of damages on an insurance claim, or a blatant fraud -- it all adds harmfully to the tone and quality of society, draggign it downward. If individuals tolerate dishonesty in their own lives, can they logically expect their intitutions to manifest integrety?
To say all this is not to call into question the basic integrity of America's citlizenry and institutions. It was, after all, honesty and con science which brought to light the hoax of the "Jimmy " story. Americans do care about the truth and about probity in private and public life. These do not come for the mere wishing of them, however. They come from hard work , from a commitment to those profound moral and spiritual principles which regenerate human nature and which, when lived, keep society truthful individually and collectively.
The press, in short, cannot be absolved of its accountability for truth-telling. Neither can the public
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How Can I Fight Depression With No Job, No Money?
It sounds like you’ve just started the process. You should contact your local community or county mental health agency to find out about what services are available in your area for people who need assistance with treatment.
Also, let me address your concerns about being “locked up.” If you seek help, a mental health professional can only seek involuntary hospitalization for you if there is clear indication of immediate danger (such as a suicide attempt or a definite plan). If you’re having suicidal thoughts, tell your doctor or therapist and reassure them that you’re ready to work on your problems.
Learn more in the Everyday Health Depression Center.
Need help for depression? Find a mental health professional in your area.
Last Updated: 10/13/2008 |
Last Reviewed: 10/13/2008
Dr. Michael Thase
is director of the Depression Treatment and Research Program at Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Pittsburgh.
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PORT CLINTON - In 2001, voters in the Port Clinton City Schools rejected a plan to replace three aging classroom buildings with two new structures, then turned down a scaled-down plan for a new middle school.
The district got the message: In the midst of a struggling economy, voters weren't ready to raise their taxes to pay for new schools.
The school system's new superintendent, Patrick Adkins, hopes they're ready now. The district's buildings aren't getting any younger, and maintenance costs are climbing.
"We have to do something, either in the way of a permanent improvement levy to keep everything going or with a bond issue to replace them," he said yesterday.
Mr. Adkins, who became the district's top official in August, is working with school board members and an advisory committee of residents on a revised building program.
This week the district began a phone survey to gauge whether residents would support a bond issue of roughly 4 mills to construct two elementary schools and turn a third, Bataan Elementary, into a newly renovated middle school. The plan would reduce the number of schools in the district from six to four and replace Catawba, Portage, and Jefferson elementaries, plus the middle school. Catawba, Portage, and the middle school are all more than 80 years old.
The survey results will play a key role in determining what type of building plan - if any - the district will pursue, Mr. Adkins said.
"I think it's really important that we talk to the community before we go on the ballot, to see if they're even ready," he said. "One of the things I want to avoid is . . . . putting something out there and having it blown out of the water."
That's more or less what happened four years ago. A 3.92-mill, 28-year bond issue to replace Catawba, Portage, and the middle school with two new buildings lost 57 percent to 43 percent in May, 2001, and a 2.31-mill bond issue for a new middle school alone was defeated in November, 56 to 44 percent.
Walter Wehenkel, a school board member who was chairman of the district's two building levy campaigns in 2001, said he and other volunteers thought they could persuade voters to back the bond issues despite survey results that showed majority opposition.
"I was one of the ones that was guilty of thinking we could overcome the initial deficit," he said. "If the community tells us this is not a go, we're not going to force it."
The district's preliminary plan, developed by the 25-person advisory committee, calls for a 29-year bond issue that would raise about $35 million, Mr. Adkins said. At 4 mills, the owner of a $100,000 house would pay $122 a year in extra property taxes.
The building projects would be entirely funded by district voters. Mr. Adkins said that under the state's funding system, Port Clinton is considered the 19th wealthiest district in Ohio because of its property valuation and so would qualify for little assistance from the Ohio School Facilities Commission.
"We are property-rich but not income-rich," he said. "So for us, we are almost completely dependent on our local community."
Mr. Adkins said replacing five old buildings with two new ones and one renovated school would save the district money on building upkeep, busing costs, and staffing. He said the district would go from having five building principals (Portage and Catawba elementaries share one) to four, and any other job cuts would be through attrition.
In addition, enrollment has been declining for several years, from 1,900 two years ago to about 1,800 this year, and the district doesn't need as many buildings, Mr. Adkins said.
"This plan not only makes good educational sense, it makes good business sense," he said.
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Parents have been asking me what the most important thing is that I could recommend to keep their children healthy.
Believe it or not, my answer is always hand-washing.
All day long, your child is exposed to all kinds of germs — whenever they touch a playmate, share toys, pet their dog or cat, and so on. If they touch their eyes, nose or mouth with "germy" hands, an infection that can last for days, weeks or even longer can result. But with hand-washing, the spread of these germs can stop, and your child can remain healthy.
How often should a child wash their hands?
Certainly before meals, after using the bathroom, when coming in from outdoors, after playing with the family pet, after sneezing or coughing, or after being with someone else who is doing the same thing.
What is the proper way to do this?
If you are using the soap-and-water method, you need to wash or lather up the hands for at least 10 to 15 seconds — the time it takes to sing the "Happy Birthday" song nice and slow, or two times if you sing it fast — rubbing and scrubbing between the fingers and under fingernails and on both sides of the hands and wrists. Dry the hands with a clean towel, ideally a disposable one, and if possible use a paper towel to turn off the faucet.
Don't use the same damp cloth or hand towel to wash or dry everyone's hands, or germs will spread from one child to another. If several children need to wash their hands at the same time, you may consider supervised use of an alcohol-based hand sanitizer instead, which is just as effective as hand-washing if used under adult supervision (so children don't lick or drink the potentially dangerous chemicals in the sanitizer).
If your child does have a cold, in addition to good hand-washing, don't forget to remind them to cough or sneeze onto their sleeve and throw away any tissues they use.
Hopefully tips like this will clean up any concerns you have when it comes to knowing more about keeping your children healthy through hand-washing.
Dr. Lewis First is chief of Pediatrics at Vermont Children's Hospital at Fletcher Allen Health Care and chair of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Vermont College of Medicine.
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April 19, 2013 | Bryan Samuels
A new report provides valuable information about what works for a particularly vulnerable population of our nation’s young people.
January 11, 2013 |
ACF is strengthening the coordination of human trafficking victim services within HHS and across federal agencies.
January 8, 2013 | Bryan Samuels
ACYF funds grants, cooperative agreements, and demonstration projects to promote social and emotional well-being, along with safety and permanency, for children and youth who come to the attention of the child welfare system.
December 12, 2012 | ACF Public Affairs
Work continues to coordinate efforts among federal, state and local agencies to focus on child maltreatment prevention.
August 22, 2012 | Jesus Garcia
Every month, more Administration for Children and Families programs are coming online and promoting their services on the Internet with social media tools. Have you subscribed or “friended” these pages yet?
April 17, 2012 | ACF Public Affairs
This week child welfare advocates from all sectors of society (social work, education and law enforcement) will converge in Washington, D.C., for the 18th National Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect. This conference is the nation’s leading training event for policy makers, practitioners and researchers involved in promote child safety and well-being.
February 22, 2012 | George Sheldon
You can’t always see the effects of child abuse. They go far beyond bruises and broken bones. Children who are beaten, sexually or emotionally abused or neglected suffer the consequences of adversity long after their outward wounds heal. Recent research suggests that children who endure “toxic stress”—sensing persistent threat but no protector—are at risk for a host of developmental, intellectual, emotional and behavioral problems as they grow up.
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Document Type Master's Dissertation Author Johnson, David Lloyd firstname.lastname@example.org URN etd-01232009-170259 Document Title Performance analysis of mesh networks in indoor and outdoor wireless testbeds Degree MEng Department Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering Supervisor
Advisor Name Title Prof G Hancke Supervisor Keywords
- rural wireless network
- ad hoc networking
- mesh networking
- wireless testbed
Date 2008-09-02 Availability unrestricted Abstract
Physical indoor wireless network testbeds as well as outdoor wireless testbeds have the potential to accelerate the pace of research in the field of wireless ad hoc and mesh networking. They form part of a critical chain of steps needed to develop and test ad hoc networking protocols from concept to eventual uptake by industry. Current research in this area makes use of simulations or mathematical models which oversimplify the physical and Medium Access Control layer.
In Africa specifically, wireless mesh networking has the potential to make a substantial impact on the lack of telecommunications infrastructure across the continent. A combination of good theoretical analysis, indoor test facilities and rural testbeds forms a perfect suite to carry out meaningful research in the field.
A 7x7 wireless grid of closely spaced computers was constructed, making use of highly attenuated 802.11 radios running in ad hoc mode. Modelling and analysis revealed that a suitably attenuated environment was created with variation in signal strength between node pairs following a Gaussian distribution. This emulates a real outdoor network with normal signal propagation issues such as multi-path fading and lack of Fresnel zone clearance.
This testbed was then used to evaluate 3 popular MANET ad hoc routing protocols, namely AODV, DYMO and OLSR. OLSR was tested with the standard hysteresis routing metric as well as the ETX routing metric. OLSR showed the best performance in terms of average throughput and packet loss for a medium size (21 node) and large (49 node) mesh network, with the hysteresis routing metric performing best in large networks and ETX performing best in medium sized networks. DYMO also performed very well, considering its low routing overhead, exhibiting the least amount of delay in a large mesh network (49 nodes). The AODV protocol showed the weakest performance in the grid with close to 60% of possible link pairs achieving no route in a 49-node grid. However, it did present the least amount of routing overhead compared with other routing protocols.
Finally, a medium-sized rural mesh network testbed consisting of 9 nodes was built in a mountainous area of about 15 square kilometers around an AIDS clinic using the OLSR routing protocol with ETX as the routing metric. The network provided a good service to the satellite-based Internet with throughput rates ranging between 300 kbps for 4 hops and 11000 kbps for 1 hop and an average throughput rate of 2324 kbps. To encourage fair sharing of Internet connectivity, features were installed to limit each user to 40 MB/month of free Internet traffic. A local web server offers cached pages of Wikipedia and Linux repositories to reduce the need for Internet access. VoIP services were also installed between clinic infrastructure to reduce the the need for making expensive GSM calls. It was shown that a mesh network of this size provides a very satisfactory level of broadband service for users accessing a satellite-based Internet facility as well as local VoIP services.
ŠUniversity of Pretoria 2007E1198/gm
Filename Size Approximate Download Time (Hours:Minutes:Seconds)
28.8 Modem 56K Modem ISDN (64 Kb) ISDN (128 Kb) Higher-speed Access dissertation.pdf 1.92 Mb 00:08:53 00:04:34 00:03:59 00:01:59 00:00:10
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|INTRODUCTION||GENERAL INFO||AUDIT||RESEARCH ACTIVITIES||BACKGROUND INFO|
The University of Wisconsin Oshkosh is located on 170.5 acres of land along the Fox River in the center of Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Oshkosh is a vibrant city with over 60,000 inhabitants and is located on the western shores of Lake Winnebago. Oshkosh is positioned in the middle of the Fox Valley, which is one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the state. Oshkosh was named after a Menominee Indian Chief and used to be a thriving trading post for the Great Lakes area.
The urban campus is surrounded by industrial, residential and commercial areas, and is trisected by two heavily traveled one-way streets. It has 28 major buildings and 10 minor structures comprising over 2.7 million gross square feet. The majority of the academic and residential campus is located on 115 acres on the east side of the river. An additional 36 acres of land on the west side of the Fox River houses the Titan Football Stadium and other athletic facilities. The balance of the land holdings are composed of miscellaneous properties located throughout the city.
The University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh has one of the older physical plants in the UW system. All but one of its academic buildings were constructed before 1970. The University’s oldest buildings date back to the 1920’s and have been adapted over the years to accommodate changing instructional needs.
The University has a total enrollment of 11,245 students, which makes it the third largest University in the state. You can dowload the student statistics for the University of Wisconsin System. You can also view the statistics regarding the number of employees on campus. There are eleven residence halls and one conference center. Approximately 3,411 students reside in these residence halls. Take a detailed look at residence hall occupancy.
The University of Wisconsin System is governed by the Board of Regents, a 17-member board, as established under Chapter 36 of the Wisconsin State Statutes. The Governor of Wisconsin appoints Board members to seven-year terms, except the students regent who is appointed to a two-year term. The Board appoints the President of the UW System, the chancellors of the 13 universities, the chancellor of Extension, the chancellor of UW Colleges and the deans of the 13 colleges. All appointees serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Board also sets admission standards, reviews and approves university budgets, and establishes the regulatory framework within which the individual units operate. The current Regent President is Toby Marcovich. View the names and affiliations of the Board of Regents.
of Wisconsin Oshkosh
Last update: October 10, 2003
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History of the Microscope -
What is a microscope?
First a definition .
"If we consider a microscope to be an instrument by which
we can observe objects or parts of objects which are too minute to be visible to
the naked eye, and which can be used to investigate minute structures of plants
or animals, and thus bring to our knowledge facts not otherwise
ascertainable, then the microscope is a comparatively modern invention and dates
back only to about the end of the sixteenth century.
(Clay and Court, 1975)
The Lens | Eye
glasses | The Telescope | The
however, we are to include the ability to magnify items that are already visible
to the naked eye, then we would have to go back to the Egyptians who knew and
practiced the art of cutting a polishing stones.
From the Egyptians this art was extended to the Greece and Italy.
artifacts include rock crystals in the from of convex lenses (~2600 B.C.E.)
Greeks and Romans continued with these types of lenses up to the end of the
Roman Empire (~31 C.E.)
and practiced the art of glass blowing
- Observed that objects placed in a bulb filled with water appeared magnified
The earliest writing describing the action of the lens appears in the
writings of the Arabian Alhazen (962-1038) described in his "Optics Thesaurus
Alhazeni Arabius Basil." It
was not until much later in the 13th Century references to lenses began to
appear on a regular basis.
Bacon (1214-1292), a monk in Oxford, wrote on the topic of Nature often
referenced the concepts and use of lenses.
Bacon knew of lenses and their abilities.
However the type of lenses he talked about would be laid on books or
held in the hand just above the printed text.
may have even known of, or predicted the invention of the telescope based on
his quote below.
it is easily seen that the greatest may appear the least and the contrary, and
far distant things may appear very near and conversely . So we may even make
the sun, moon and stars descend lower in appearance, and to be visible over the
heads of our enemies, and many things
of the like sort which persons unacquainted with such things would refuse to
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much of the history of optics, there are many reports about spectacles, but most
put the invention around 1285.
- The grave of Salvano d'Aramento degli Amati a nobleman of Florence has a
statement that he invented spectacles, but kept the process a secret.
della Spina of Pisa who died in 1317 had an inscription on his tomb that he
had discovered how to make spectacles (possibly from Amati) and had made the
- Yet another monk, Giordino da Rivalta, who died in 1305 said that making
glasses was one of the most useful arts and that it was only 20 years since
its invention. He also said he
knew the inventor (1285).
Why such a long delay between the development of lenses and the invention
and use of spectacles?
One answer is that church doctrine did not allow for man to alter what
God had created.
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The Telescope (1608)
Again, there are various accounts of people inventing the telescope.
Bacon's famous quote could lead one to believe that such an instrument was
available in the 1200's. In fact, there are several names that are listed as
possible inventors, Leonard Digges and William Bourne to name a few.
- The usually accepted date for the invention of the telescope is 1608.
It is based on a letter from Jacob Adriaanzoon (also called James
Metius) to the States General, in which he asked for exclusive rights to
sell an instrument he had invented by
which distant objects appeared larger and more distinct.
This date is further documented by Descartes in the first chapter of his
Lumine," (1637). He writes about Metius and his instrument that used convex
and concave glass positioned at the right distance at the ends of a tube to
What about Galileo?
Many people think of Galileo when talking about telescopes. In fact, in
1609 Galileo did hear about and designed his own telescope that included both
convex and concave lenses.
- Galileo made many astronomical discoveries including the moon of Jupiter
and the phases of Venus.
- Helped the Medici family to even more wealth with the use of his
telescope? Fact or fiction?
- Also got in trouble with the Church. It was to Christina of Lorraine
the granddaughter of Catherine de' Medici that Galileo wrote his letter on science and scripture, "Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of
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The Microscope (~1600)
Here the accounts are less hazy, but a cloud of controversy does still
exist. Based on the letters of William Boreel ( the Dutch envoy to the
Court of France) the father and son team of Hans and Zacharias Jansen are the
inventors of the microscope. At least they are the first to have any
documentation that substantiates such a claim. Their microscope design was
- It could only be used for opaque objects
- Had a magnification of about 20X
Bioimaging Takes off
- 1665 - Robert Hooke (the Secretary of the Royal Society) publishes "Microgphia"
a folio of thirty-eight copper-plate illustrations of objects drawn with the
aid of his microscope. First to describe and coin the phrase
"cell" when observing a slice of cork (bark from an oak tree)
using a microscope power of 30X.
- 1673 - Antony van Leeuwenhoek a tradesman of Delft, Holland with no formal
training made some of the most important discoveries in biology. He
discovered bacteria, free-living and parasitic microscopic protists, sperm cells, blood cells
and more. All of this from a very simple device that could magnify up to
It took until 1839 before cells were finally acknowledged as the basic
units of life. Nearly two centuries!
- 1823 - Achromatic lenses introduced now provide resolution of 1 micron or
- 1839 - Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden formally propose the
- 1840 - Donne' publishes the first micrographs in France.
This touches off a debate over the merit of micrographs versus microscope drawings.
- ~1880 - Microscope lamp with filters. August Kohler had worked
out light source and condenser position to obtain the best image
- 1873 - Ernst Abbe published his work on the theory of the
microscope. Up to this point, much of the design of microscopes had
been trial and error. He made clear the difference between
magnification and resolution and criticized the practice of using eye pieces
with too high a magnification as "empty magnification." His
widely used formula to calculate resolution is based on his wave light
It was at this time Abbe began to collaborate with Carl Zeiss which lasted
until his death. Also started one of the first medical insurance funds,
pension funds and introduced the 8 hour work day.
- 1873 - Ernst Leitz microscope is introduced with a revolving mount (turret)
for 5 objectives.
- 1879 - Walther Flemming discovers mitosis.
- 1878 - Introduced oil immersion lens (cedar oil) that resulted in a
homogeneous optical path.
- ~1880 - microtomes begin to appear for sample preparation. Up to the
point specimens were by sharp knives.
- 1886 - Ernst Abbe designs apochromatic objective that brings red, yellow
and blue into one focus. These lenses required 10 or more elements.
With this final advancement the theoretic limit of resolution for visible light
microscopes had been reached (2000 angstroms).
- 1880-1900 - Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch both become engaged in
microscopy and the study of bacteria.
- 1904 - The first commercial UV microscope by Zeiss. The resolution
based on Abbe's formula is twice that of a visible light microscope.
- 1930 - Fritz Zernike discovered he could view unstained cells using the
phase angle of rays. It took until 1941 to bring a commercial
microscope to market.
Zernike visited the Zeiss factory in 1932 to present his method.
After reviewing Zernike's method an older scientist said; "If this really
had any practical value, then we would have invented it a long time
ago." In 1953 Zernike was awarded the Nobel Prize for his phase
The Electron Microscope
- 1931 - Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska construct the first electron microscope.
- 1933 - Ruska builds the first electron microscope that exceeds the
resolution of the light microscope. It has an accelerating voltage of
- 1934 - First electron micrograph of a biological sample. long-leaved
sundew fixed with osmium.
- 1937 - First scanning electron microscope is built.
- 1939 - Siemens supplies the first commercially available electron
Ultimately the power of the electron microscope was not realized until the
1950's when ultra-microtomes were built.
- 1951 - First ultra-microtome built by Porter and Blum.
- 1954 - First diamond knife
These instruments could slice
(section) pieces of biological materials as thin as 500 angstroms
(angstroms = 10-10 meters).
- 1983 - Scanning laser confocal microscope is commercially available
- 1982 - Scanning Probe Microscope is invented and works by measuring
- 1986 - Atomic Force Microscope is invented and measures force instead of
- 1980? - Lasers are made commercially available
- 1968? - First silicon-based processing chip for computers is made.
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Three Centuries of Microscopes and Cell Biology. Catalogue
Clay, R., Court, T., The History of the Microscope. Holland Press, 1975.
Hartley, W.G., The Light Microscope: Its Use and Development. Senecio
Publishing Co., 1993.
Ford, Brian J., The Leeuwenhoek Legacy. Biopress and Farrand Press, 1991.
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"Tom set to work to think out the coat of arms. By and by he said he'd struck so many good ones he didn't hardly know which to take, but there was one which he reckoned he'd decide on. He says: ‘On the scutheon we'll have a bend OR in the dexter base, a saltire MURREY in the fess, with a dog, couchant, for common charge, and under his foot a chain embattled, for slavery, with a chevron VERT in a chief engrailed, and three invected lines on a field AZURE, with the nombril points rampant on a dancette indented; crest, a runaway [racial slur deleted], SABLE with his bundle over his shoulder on a bar sinister; and a couple of gules for supporters, which is you and me; motto, MAGGIORE FRETTA, MINORE ATTO. Got it out of a book--means the more haste the less speed.’
‘Geewhillikins,’ I says, ‘but what does the rest of it mean?’
‘We ain’t got no time to bother over that,’ he says; ‘we got to dig in like all git-out.’
‘Well, anyway,’ I says, ‘what’s SOME of it? What’s a fess?’
‘A fess - a fess is - YOU don’t need to know what a fess is. I’ll show him how to make it when he gets to it.’
‘Shucks, Tom,’ I says, ‘I think you might tell a person. What’s a bar sinister?’
‘Oh, I don’t know. But he’s got to have it. All the nobility does.’"
Has the blazon confused you yet? Yeah, me, too. Fortunately, there’s a drawing that was done that may – well, probably not – help you sort it all out. Proof once again, as if we needed it, that a little learning can be a dangerous, or at least confusing, thing. But what an amazing piece of American "heraldry."
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Setting up a policy consultation that doesn’t actually do any proper consulting seems to be a growing theme under Dave. A report by Rupert Darwall, the policy wonk who helped expose the Civil Service foul up over the Virgin West Coast train franchise, has laid into the Department of Health’s consultation on plain packaging. Darwall’s report finds:
- The consultation was deliberately framed to garner support for plain packaging, presenting policy-makers with a loaded question.
- Questionable evidence: no causal link between packaging and smoking.
- Department of Health admitted the consultation was biased but has done nothing about it.
- Consultation does not consider negative impacts such as reducing barriers to illegal tobacco.
- Overall the consultation creates a misleading impression that plain packaging will cut smoking.
That went well then. You can read Darwall’s report in full here…
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Sorry, no definitions found.
Sorry, no example sentences found.
These user-created lists contain the word ‘010842 - other’.
I've organized the words in the list according to the order of Russian letters located in our ABC one after another and added a digit to each English sound which makes analogy to the similar Russia...
The first letter of Russian alphabet is "Aa" as well as the first sign of this transcription used for reading words correctly.
Looking for tweets for 010842 - other.
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1. Let A be the family of all subsets A of the natural numbers N where A has the following properties: A is finite and the greatest common divisor of the elements of A is 1.
a. State whether or not each of the following subsets of N belongs to A: (2,3,8),(2,3,5,8),(2,5),2,3,4,5,...),(4,6,8) and (2,3).
b. Order A by set inclusion, that is, X precedes Y if X is a subset of Y, and let B be the subfamily of A which consists of the sets in (a) which belongs to A. Construct a diagram of B.
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Water / PRIVATIZATION
Ghana's most celebrated comedian, Ajax Bokana, once described the IMF as the International Monsters Fraternity and the World Bank as the World Bullies. He meant, of course, to make people laugh at their worries. But one particular worry just won't budge - the creeping privatization of Ghana's drinking water.
After two decades of structural adjustment imposed by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in which literally anything that could be sold was sold, Ghana still remains 'a highly indebted and poor country'. In May 2001 the then Minister for Works and Housing Kwamena Bartels, speaking on behalf of President John Agyekum Kufour, admitted what was common knowledge: 'After 20 years of implementing structural-adjustment programmes, our economy has remained weak and vulnerable and not sufficiently transformed to sustain accelerated growth and development. Poverty has become widespread, unemployment very high, manufacturing and agriculture in decline and our external and domestic debts much too heavy a burden to bear.'
For the 13.5 million Ghanaians who live in urban slums and rural areas and who represent 75 per cent of the population, even this rare honesty from a minister of state was an understatement. Since 1995 when the World Bank pushed the Ghanaian Government to develop specific options to privatize the country's water service, the poor have been systematically deprived of their right of access to safe water. The price of water has been increasing at an alarming rate, in order to set the stage for the Bank's treasured principle of 'full cost recovery'. Pro-privatization consultants hand-picked by the World Bank are peddling it for all they're worth, turning the Bank's involvement into a front for the transnational corporations interested in taking over Ghana's water. Leading the pack are the French companies Vivendi, Suez Lyonnaise and Saur. In hot pursuit is Biwater of Britain. In March 2002 the IMF stated that Ghana would get the next tranche of its loan under the so-called Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility only if it aimed for full cost recovery in all public utilities, including water.
The World Bank has protected the interest of the corporations from the onset by carefully designing a business framework that cherry-picked the lucrative urban water service for the incoming corporations, leaving the less tempting sewerage and sanitation bits and rural water provision for local authorities and communities to manage. The IMF complemented this by imposing an automatic tariff-adjustment formula that effectively indexed the price of water in Ghana to the US dollar. Susanna Mensah of Madina summed it up when she asked at a recent community meeting called to discuss water-rate increases: 'The rain does not fall only on the roofs of Vivendi, Suez, Saur and Biwater, neither does it fall only on the roofs of the World Bank and the IMF; it falls on everyone's roof. Why are they so greedy?'
Faced with dwindling revenues, increasing poverty and deeper cuts in social expenditure by the central government, local authorities have been unable to cope with the costs of managing wastewater and sanitation. Open sewers have become commonplace in all the cities of Ghana. Mountains of garbage compete with residential buildings for space. Typhoid and cholera have become leading killers in the cities. The Ministry of Health has estimated that 70 per cent of diseases in Ghana are water related. Yet projects to expand water services to the urban poor are being frustrated by the World Bank and the British Department for International Development who are withholding funding pending the signing of the deal giving the water transnationals the go-ahead. This despite the fact that privatization has already effectively begun through exorbitant pricing. Most bizarrely the proposed terms of the contract for privatization contains no obligation on the part of the incoming transnational corporations to provide water to urban low-income communities (in World Bank speak); that burden remains with the highly indebted Ghanaian Government and the communities themselves. The Bank and the corporations are only interested in supplying water to affluent communities who have the ability to pay so-called 'market tariffs'.
The plan for impoverished rural areas is even more absurd. The intended privatization has shifted responsibility for providing drinking water through the construction and maintenance of wells and boreholes from the national government to local communities. This is a master stroke of IMF/World Bank policy, intending to downsize the national budget in order to save some money for loan repayment. It's a radical departure in policy terms for Ghana. In the past the Government practised a needs-driven policy that targeted the most needy communities in order to promote public health. These were communities with a high prevalence of diseases such as guinea worm and were invariably very poor. This policy ensured that those with the least ability to provide for themselves had a right of access to safe water. Through open arm-twisting and naked bullying this policy was reversed in 1995 with the World Bank's insistence on full cost recovery. Water was transformed from a human right into a commodity to be traded on the open market. From that time onwards clean water became available only to those who could pay for it.
Today communities are required to pay 5 to 10 per cent of the capital costs upfront before wells or boreholes are constructed for them - and thereafter bear all the ongoing operation and maintenance costs. Because poor rural communities cannot afford to pay, several especially in the northern and central regions are without safe water. This is either due to the lack of clean wells and boreholes or because those installed earlier on are in disrepair. The result is that Ghana, which was on the way to eradicating guinea worm, has become the second most endemic country in the world, following only war-torn Sudan. The good news is that a critical mass has formed to contest water privatization.
Over the past year there has been a groundswell of resistance to the privatization agenda of the World Bank and their corporate allies. Nurses and doctors are frustrated and alarmed by the ever-increasing cases of typhoid, cholera and guinea worm. Teachers, students, NGOs, churches, farmers and the unemployed are increasingly unable to cope with escalating water rates. White-collar citizens, among whom are lawyers, accountants and community leaders, have also come together to form the National Coalition Against the Privatization of Water. Support is especially high in cities with large working-class populations. The Trades Union Congress, the largest unionized labour organization in Ghana, is at the forefront of the struggle. Pressure exerted by the Coalition has led to the bid documents being revised twice already. I understand the corporations interested in bidding are currently studying the third draft and are expected to provide comment to the Bank and the Ghanaian Government shortly. Even at this stage, despite the Bank's supposed commitment to full disclosure, bids which ought to be in the public domain are being treated as secret documents. My sense is that the reluctance of the Government and the Bank to make them public will only fuel the growing anger of the population and make the anti-water privatization movement more militant.
Dialogue with the Coalition and a preparedness to engage with the public may be the only avenues left for the Bank and the Government to bow out with dignity. The deal is not likely to be signed in 2003 given the degree of mobilization against it locally and internationally. Elections are also imminent and water will be high on the political agenda. An attempt to force issues could turn ugly. As Al-Hassan Adam of the Teachers and Educational Workers Union puts it: 'Water is our very life. Do they expect us to surrender our lives on a silver platter? They will be fighting for their expected profits; we will be fighting for our very lives.'
© Copyright 2003 New Internationalist
Publications Ltd. All rights reserved.
This first appeared in our award-winning magazine - to read more, subscribe from just £7
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Christmas snow statistics for the D.C. area
The chance for Christmastime snow in the D.C. area continues to look real. However, odds of a white Christmas in the D.C. area are fairly low historically. There is 1"+ on the ground only about 10-20 percent of the time on Christmas morning. The chance of having snow actually accumulate at any one place around here on Christmas is similar or perhaps slightly lower.
Of course, it has happened before. In fact, as recently as 2002 a few inches fell across the area. And while it did not snow on Christmas Eve or Christmas Day last year, there was plenty of snow left over from the Dec. 18-19 storm, at least to start the day.
Keep reading for more on the biggest daily snowfall totals for Dec. 24-26 in D.C. as well as other local observation points.
Since records have been kept*, there have been 15 distinct events with accumulating snow that impacted at least part of the 24th or the 25th in D.C. The 1960s as a decade were the snowiest around Christmastime, with 4 different events dropping snow on the 24th or 25th.
When examining both Christmas Eve (above) and Christmas Day (below) snowfall individually across all three major reporting stations in the area -- D.C. (labeled DCA in the above chart), Baltimore (BWI), and Dulles (IAD) -- we find 9 years with accumulating snow on the 24th and 14 years with accumulating snow on the 25th.
For D.C., the largest snowfall ended on Christmas Eve in 1966 when 6.5" of snow fell in the city; half an inch had fallen the previous day (12/23/66) for a storm total of 7". The largest snowfall on Christmas Day itself occurred in 1962 when 5.4" fell. The records for Dulles are 8.3" on the 24th (1966) and 6.0" on the 25th (1969). At Baltimore, a high of 8.4" fell on the 24th in 1966 and a high of 9.3" fell on Christmas Day 1909.
Since a potential snow event this weekend may run into the 26th, data for that day is shown above. 14 years brought snow somewhere to the region on the 26th, with a high of 10" in D.C. way back in 1890. The largest accumulation in more modern records at D.C. was 3.6" in 1947, though Dulles recorded 6.1" in 1969.
Finally, let's take a look at the snow cover metric -- which is the one typically used in calculating odds of a "white" Christmas. These are Christmases with over 1" of snow on the ground when observations are made in the morning. It has happened 13 times since snow cover records began. In addition, 14 days recorded a trace of snow on the ground. Just keep in mind... a storm that drops accumulation after the morning observation (on 12/25) is not counted.
The District has had over 1" snow cover on Christmas Day in back-to-back years on just two occasions: 1908 and 1909 as well as 1962 and 1963. The largest gap between white Christmases was the 23 year drought from 1967 to 1989. Then it took 20 years until the next White Christmas came in 2009. The most snow cover - 7" - was observed both in 1966 thanks to the storm noted above as well last year with remaining snow from Snowpocalypse that fully melted at DCA by the 26th.
*Note: Both Washington and Baltimore records go back into the 1800s while Dulles began during the winter of 1962-63.
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The comments to this entry are closed.
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The development makes it a "monumental day" in the future of health care nationwide, Dr. Michael Cropp, president and CEO of Independent Health, said in an afternoon news conference.
Cropp joining other health-care executives, including James Dunlop, executive vice president and CFO of Catholic Health, in the news conference at Sisters Hospital on Main Street in Buffalo.
"The future is based around the 'Triple Aim,' as Jim [Dunlop] described -- better health, better care, and more affordability," Cropp said.
Cropp says the Affordable Care Act -- also known as the health-care reform law -- serves as a "good first step" toward ensuring health coverage for all Americans. Cropp adding that health plans, hospitals, and other stakeholders are working toward better health-care delivery and more affordability.
Independent Health is one of the primary health-insurance providers serving customers in Western New York.
Cropp says the high court's decision just affirms a direction for the health-care system -- adding that health-care reform has to happen locally.
"You can set the table in Washington. You can set the table in Albany, but the sustainable solutions have to come from within because health care is like politics, it's local," Cropp said.
He went to outline some challenges the industry faces moving forward with most the law remaining in tact.
"How can we find ways to achieve the 'triple aim.' Most importantly, how can we find ways to lower the cost of care while improving the quality of the care that our community needs," Cropp said.
Cropp says other challenges include personal responsibility to avoid chronic conditions like diabetes and heart disease and more primary-care doctors for the Western New York region.
Moving forward, Cropp says local health-care executives have built a platform based on -- what he called "five pillars" that the industry thinks are essential to achieve the Triple Aim.
First, Cropp says people have to take personal responsibility for their own health. A percentage of today's health-care costs are driven by the chronic diseases that are tied to personal diseases.
"The heart disease, the high blood pressure, the strokes, some of the cancers that we see, diabetes, all relate back to people's choices about what we eat, whether or not we exercise, do we smoke, how do we handle stress," Cropp said.
The reality is, he says, that we could have the finest health-care system in the world, but if we continue to bring that disease burden forward, "it's going to be expensive."
Additionally, Cropp says the nation as a whole needs more primary-care providers, although the situation in Western New York is fine for the moment.
Cropp says a third element is payment reform -- noting the health-care system has been brought up on a "flawed system" that still has consumers paying for volume.
"We just pay for doing things, rather than paying for results," he says.
Cross says Catholic Medical Partners, Catholic Health, and Independent Health have "some really good experience" in making that transformation to "pay for performance."
"With the primary-care physicians we've been working with, it's incredible to see the results that we've achieved in helping them to manage diabetes, manage asthma, manage the other risk factors of heart disease by paying them for doing the right things and getting better results," Cropp says.
The fourth pillar, he says, has to do with the need for greater alignment of the diverse elements of the health-care system.
The last pillar targets health-information technology. Nowadays, doctors and hospitals are using electronic medical records to keep track of patient information and their medical history. The use of such records does require patient consent, Cropp says.
Cropp noting Healthy Link, an "electronic-information highway" that enables the connection of every health-care provider in the community.
"If a patient consents to have their information flow over this highway, their information can be wherever they are," Cropp says.
Such record keeping allows medical providers access to a patients' medical history -- if the patient allows it. The system can prevent repeated treatments for certain condition, and therefore, can reduce the cost of an individual's care.
Unions & More
|ON AIR FRIDAY MORNING: What's Next in Congress & NYS | Liveline Interviews with Independent Health, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Politico.com and more.|
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I’ve learned so little about this picture.
It was created in 1884 by Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowicz, a Polish painter who was known for doing portraits of women.
I do not know the name of the woman in this painting. Her eyes haunt me, though. A story still smoulders behind that faraway gaze.
Does anyone know anything more about her?
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South Africa: Women farmers succeed in spite of challenges (by Ndumiso Mlilo, for Farm Radio Weekly in South Africa)
Date Posted: March 5th, 2012
In 1989, Linda Nghatsane abandoned her work as a lecturer at a nursing college to pursue a career in farming. Ms. Nghatsane grew up in a farming environment. Her husband works as an agricultural extension officer. And now she’s a successful farmer in Mbombela, in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa.
Her story is likely to inspire other women in part because she started with only a backyard vegetable garden. Now she raises poultry and grows vegetables on a 10-hectare plot. Ms. Nghatsane sells her produce in Pretoria market and in Johannesburg. She helps support her family and dreams of becoming a commercial farmer.
When Mrs. Nghatsane bought her land, there was no water, electricity, or infrastructure. So she drilled a borehole, built chicken houses, and fenced the farm, with assistance from the Department of Agriculture and Land Administration.
Mrs. Nghatsane says she has succeeded because she is passionate about farming. She adds, “I encourage my fellow women to persevere, conquer fear, work hard and engage in farming.”
But being a woman farmer brings challenges. Mrs. Nghatsane explains that women farmers work more hours than men. There are several reasons for this, but in part it is because women do farming activities like weeding that are inherently time-consuming. Mrs. Nghatsane says that, when farm businesses are profitable, men are highly involved and tend to dominate decision-making. But when things are not going well, men migrate to cities and look for other work.
Despite these challenges, Mrs. Nghatsane has progressed from growing vegetables in a backyard to working a 10-hectare plot. In 2008, she won the award for National Female Farmer of the Year.
When she started farming, Mrs. Nghatsane made around R300 a week, or about $40 US. Now she raises 20,000 chickens and makes about R5000 per week, or more than $650 U.S.
Mrs. Nghatsane gives back to her community by conducting trainings on growing vegetables and raising poultry. She also cares for and supports orphans and vulnerable children.
Florence Mlimi is another woman who also persevered against the odds to become a respected farmer. She now owns more than 9,000 chickens and 40 cattle. Her 28-hectare farm is in South Africa’s Mpumulanga province, east of Johannesburg.
Ms. Mlimi learned vegetable farming and farm business skills at Johannesburg’s Early Bird Training Center. She now raises livestock and grows a variety of vegetables, plus strawberries and oyster mushrooms.
Trainings and interaction with other farmers have helped Ms. Mlimi become a better farmer. She says, “I started farming in 1997, and I would like to continue learning farming techniques so that in future I can diversify into other crops.”
But marketing remains a major challenge, as it is for many farmers in her community. She does not have a regular market for her goods, so sells her cattle to individuals who hold parties, weddings, and funerals. She sells her vegetables in regional markets where there is a lot of competition.
Ms. Mlimi is a member of the National Farmers Association in South Africa. The organization helps her find markets for her produce.
Ms. Mlimi feels that farming is difficult and requires hard work. She describes her road to success, saying, “I saved a little and started small and grew bit by bit. I love what I do. And that is what makes me successful.”
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Forward ho! PM gets her campaign moving
Kevin Rudd at Coorparoo State School in his electorate of Griffith on his first day of campaigning for the 2010 Federal Election. Picture: Paul Harris
JULIA Gillard promised an election campaign in which she and Australians would be ''moving forward''.
As slogans go, it is both bland and borrowed (British PM Margaret Thatcher used it in 1987, and it's a favourite in US President Barack Obama's vernacular).
But Ms Gillard, who hammered the slogan unmercifully at the start of the campaign, was making a critical point for a Prime Minister seeking a mandate only a few weeks after toppling the former leader.
No looking back; she had to be seen as moving forward.
As a second string to that bow, she wanted voters to understand that the alternative prime minister, Tony Abbott, was ''moving backwards''.
It is a simple message capable of being woven into numerous narratives, and Ms Gillard stuck to simple messages all week, each designed to distance herself from the Rudd period.
It turned out to be a difficult task, for Kevin Rudd kept inserting himself into the campaign from afar. He confirmed he had been offered a position with the United Nations, but it would require only a few days a year, allowing him to remain an MP and - as Ms Gillard had promised - to serve on the frontbench. He advised the media of his whereabouts campaigning in his Brisbane electorate, grandly posing for the cameras while pointedly refusing to discuss national issues. He dropped that pretence when he was forced to defend himself over accusations that he had deputised his young chief of staff to National Security Council meetings when he was PM. To the Gillard campaign, he became a distant, yet ever-present, pest.
Ms Gillard's principal theme was that she did not support a ''big'' Australia (as Mr Rudd had allowed himself to be portrayed). She wanted a ''sustainable Australia''.
To this end, she began her campaign in Brisbane cuddling babies. The subtext: here was the future, and she wanted those babies growing up in a nation that offered them opportunity and space.
Her first major speech an hour later punched home the epistle that Australia's population had doubled since she was a child, its suburbs were spreading remorselessly and congestion was making life harder. Alarm clocks had to be set earlier and earlier because peak hour was no longer limited to an hour. Is this how we want to live? she asked For a leader dedicated to moving forward, it hovered close to nostalgia.
Within a few days, her cry to the sprawling outer-metropolitan areas of the big cities (where the all-important marginal seats wait to deliver judgment) was wearing thin.
Ms Gillard denied she was talking about limiting immigration (''as the child of an immigrant family I would never turn my back on newcomers''). How, then, might she produce a ''sustainable'' Australia, commentators demanded.
Her major proposition was to divert growth to regional cities. She offered a modest $15 million to each of 15 regional cities to help provide planning and infrastructure for new communities. To underline the point, she flew to Townsville to meet a young family in a new housing estate.
She also used the suburban experience to drill the theme that her government would provide better health, education, infrastructure and other services, while arguing that Tony Abbott simply wanted to cut into these programs.
Ms Gillard was criticised for keeping her distance from ordinary voters as she trod a carefully planned and risk-averse style of campaigning from staged event to staged event. Her response was to lead her travelling party of journalists all the way from the far-flung Sydney western suburb of Blacktown to a cafe in the inner-west Sydney suburb of Leichhardt, where shoppers gave her a rousing welcome.
By week's end, Ms Gillard had shifted to climate change policy, trying to finesse Mr Rudd's ill-fated decision to back down on an emissions trading scheme by offering a ''citizens' assembly'' to discuss how the nation might move forward on the matter. A long way to go, in short.
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As we know that the Session is used to maintain the session between request. Session object is responsible to hold the conversational state across multiple requests.
The listener HttpSessionAttributeListener is an interface and extends the java.util.EventListener class. This listener will be called by the container whenever there there will be change to the attribute list on the servlet session of a web application. This listener is used when we want to know when a attribute has been added in a session, when a attribute has been removed and when it is replaced by another attribute. We can also say that this attribute is used when the developer is interested to be notified when the session attribute changes. Now you may be wondering what is an attribute. An attribute is an object set or you can simply say that it is name/value pair where the name refers to a String and a value refers to the Object.
javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener interface has following methods:
In the above methods you can see that we have used HttpSessionBindingEvent class as a parameter to the above methods. This class is a event class which is used for notifications when the changes are made to the attributes of in a session.
The class HttpSessionBindingEvent has two methods:
If you are facing any programming issue, such as compilation errors or not able to find the code you are looking for.
Ask your questions, our development team will try to give answers to your questions.
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Posted: Tuesday, September 4, 2012, 9:38 am
Recently, while going through some old files at the Library (librarians never throw anything away), we discovered something very interesting.
Twenty-five years ago in 1987, a community planning committee was convened to work on the library's next strategic plan. As part of the process, the committee outlined several possible scenarios for the library's future. Specifically, they attempted to envision what the Library would be like in 1993. Although most of their projections were not realized in that timeframe, they were amazingly accurate in predicting the library's future.
by Chuck Gibson
Although only Old Worthington Library existed at the time, they believed the community would be best served by three physical locations. This became a reality when Worthington Park Library opened in 2008 (Northwest Library opened in 1996). 1987 was a time when home computers were a rarity, but the committee predicted people would someday be able to use them to access information, contact a librarian and watch video of library programs. They also saw a future when barcodes would be used to scan and check out books, which, as you know, is exactly how it works today.
Librarians are very good at analyzing data and determining future trends. In order to provide residents with what they need, we have to evaluate new technology, services, materials and programs to determine what makes sense for our community and is the best use of limited library resources.
In 2000, I was asked to play prognosticator for the spring issue of Ohio Libraries. We had survived the Y2K apocalypse and the future of technology was looking bright. I was asked to write about reference services in 2015. I predicted that computers would become vastly more powerful, that e-books would become mainstream, many physical formats would disappear and that reference help would largely be delivered online instead of in person.
What did I get wrong? I thought e-books would easily overtake their print ancestors in terms of popularity and people would come to quickly prefer that format. While that may happen yet, many people, including those who are young, still prefer printed books.
Nobody's perfect, right? In 1987, that community planning committee also predicted robots would be seen buzzing around the Library, reshelving books and pulling reserved titles. What matters most is that we continue to look to the future, analyze trends and work to provide the best library service possible. We are currently working on our next strategic plan. If you have a vision for the Library or know of a trend we should be paying attention to, please let me know. You can e-mail me at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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Lily Beetle -
Pests - beasties
Diseases - fungal
natural is your garden? | ants
| aphids | blackspot
| botrytis -
grey mould | caterpillars
beetle larvae | fairy
rings | leatherjackets
beetle | mealybugs
| powdery mildew
| red spider mite
| rust | slugs
and snails | vine
weevils | whitefly
Unwelcome visitors: cats | foxes | frogs | moles Weeds: clearing a neglected area, general weeding
If you are growing lilies, you need to look out for them from the point that the shoots appear in the spring. Look at the leaves for cleanly cut holes. The easiest way to see the adults I find is to bend at the waist and turn your head upside down so you are looking up the stems and at the bottom of the leaves rather than down on the stems. If you find one lily beetle, you can bet you'll get lots more. The overwintering adults arrive first emerging from the soil to lay their eggs in early to mid spring once there are lilies to feed on. The larvae then appear and cause the real damage.
The larvae are very inconspicuous as they cover themselves with sticky black excreta which if you've never seen them before doesn't look anything like an insect that can devour your lovingly cared for lilies in next to no time.
The eggs are tiny, but are bright orange/red and laid in groups of up to 15, so they are surprisingly easy to see for their size - they are only laid on the underside of leaves.
pests can destroy your prize lilies in a very short time
Treatment - A two pronged attack, pick off and crush the adults underfoot and use a systemic insecticide which is most effective against the larvae.
As I said above, the adults are surprisingly good at hiding for a bright red 6-8mm long beetle. Look under the leaves, pick them off and tread on them, this may affect your sensibilities, but it is organic! Once you've had a favourite lily attacked by lily beetle though, you will happily pick them off and tread on them.
A systemic insecticide applied every 4-6 weeks according to instructions is the most effective means of combating lily beetle. This kind of insecticide is taken in by the leaves and distributed around the plant, when the adults or larvae eat the plant, they eat the insecticide and are killed, it is also residual within the plant for this time.
The lily beetle was a relatively localized pest in south east England, especially in and around London until about 2000. In the last decade it has spread throughout Britain and is now established as far north as Scotland and Northern Ireland.
While they can be a particularly devastating pest, they are readily dealt with as long as you are aware of them and are looking out.
If you grow lilies - you MUST be aware of this pest and look out for it - wherever you live
Garden Supplies Online
| Design |
Buy plants online |
Garden buildings |
Copyright © Paul Ward 2000 - 2013
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Parents of autistic children felt stress, guilt and frustration as a result of the controversy over the MMR vaccine, according to a study.
Uptake rates for MMR were hit by the scare
Doubts were raised over the safety of the vaccine after Dr Andrew Wakefield claimed he had found a link between it and autism.
His research, first published in 1998, has since been widely discredited.
The Medical Research Council in Glasgow said the controversy put parents of autistic children under great pressure.
During the early years of the decade concern about a possible link with the triple vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella was at its height and the number of children being vaccinated fell from 94% to 87%.
Research led by Dr Wakefield claimed the jab was linked to autism, but much larger studies have since ruled this out.
The MRC's social and public health sciences unit undertook 10 focus group discussions across the UK between 2003 and 2005 involving 38 parents of children with autism.
Dr Shona Hilton and her colleagues found that some parents had experienced "agonising uncertainty" over whether the MMR vaccine may have provoked their child's autism.
Many wondered whether they were to blame for their child's condition or felt they had "let their children down" by deciding to vaccinate.
Even those who felt that their child's autism was not linked to the MMR vaccine, either because of family history or because they had avoided vaccination, had suffered as a result of the ambiguous advice they felt that they had received.
Dr Hilton said: "It is clear from a review of the literature that there has been a lack of follow-up of the impact of this health scare on those likely to be most directly affected - those living day in and day out with children with autism.
"These parents in particular have been under a huge amount of stress about the possible impact of their decision to vaccinate or not."
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Most Active Stories
- Poll Shows Major Support for Medical Marijuana in Kentucky
- Recurring Trials for an Iranian Family – A Microcosm of the Persecution of the Baha’is in Iran
- TVA Eyes Closing Power Units at Shawnee Fossil Plant, Other Coal Facilities
- Boating Accident on Kentucky Lake Kills Fisherman
- IL State Workers Worried Over Pension Debate
Sun January 4, 2009
Sales Tax Holiday
By Stephanie Sanders
Owensboro, KY – An Owensboro legislator wants to declare a sales tax holiday for one week during this year in Kentucky. Democratic House Representative Jim Glenn says eliminating the state sales tax during the first week of August would help working families save money. The holiday would apply to clothing items that cost less than one-hundred dollars, and school supplies. Glenn says eliminating the six-percent tax would make a big difference for some households.
"If you take a look around, a lot of families are being squeezed. The food shelters are short of food because people don't have enough money, so I thought it would be helpful in that general area."
A similar bill filed by Glenn during the last regular legislative session didn't make it out of committee. The 2009 Kentucky General Assembly begins tomorrow.
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If foreclosures and high unemployment weren’t ample evidence of a recession, the animals coming into Foothills Animal Shelter might be.
Facing hard times, many pet parents are having trouble footing vet bills and keeping food bowls full. Consequently the shelter, which celebrated its first year of operation this month, is seeing more paws coming through the front door, and animals are overall in worse health than they were only a year ago.
“The economy, we believe, is affecting people, and they’re relinquishing their animals,” said Foothills executive director Heather Cameron. “We are seeing a lot of sad customers. … Some people have their cat of 16 years, and they just can’t afford to take care of them anymore.”
From January to July, the number of healthy animals brought into the shelter was slightly less than the number seen at the former Table Mountain Animal Shelter during the same time period in 2010. However, the number of adoptable older animals, sick animals and those with mild behavioral problems rose by more than 30 percent. The number of animals deemed unhealthy — having a bite history or severe health problems — increased by 4 percent.
“We’re just seeing higher treatment needs,” Cameron said. “Some of the animals are so unhealthy that the kindest thing to do is to euthanize them.”
But despite the overall condition of the animals arriving at the shelter, Foothills’ rate of live release, or animals adopted or transferred to another shelter, increased from 72 percent to 78 percent when comparing the seven-month period in 2010 and 2011. During that time frame in 2010, the shelter was operating in the TMAC building.
That puts the new shelter’s rate on par with that of the Denver Animal Shelter and Denver Dumb Friends League, both of which recorded live-release rates of 78 percent in 2010. During the entirety of 2010, Foothills’ rate was 75 percent.
Of the 3,997 adoptable animals taken into the shelter from January to July, including older special-needs animals, 344, or 8.6 percent, died via lethal injection, 1 percentage point less than during the same period in 2010. During 2008, 2009 and 2010, the rates were 12.6 percent, 12.4 percent and 9.59 percent, respectively. By contrast, Denver Animal Shelter’s rate in 2010 was 4.2 percent.
Though Foothills’ capacity is approximately equal to that of the former TMAC location, the new building’s capabilities have a better impact on animal health, Cameron said.
The room available for cats to roam, for example, is three times larger. And the new building’s air filtration and circulation system is vastly improved, leading fewer animals to contract illnesses from air-borne pathogens.
“What had changed was the kind of shelter we were able to provide for those animals. … We have healthier animals, honestly,” Cameron said. “Their rates of upper-respiratory infections were very high. … There’s no longer this stagnant, disease-ridden air in the shelter.”
The shelter’s capacity can fluctuate depending on the makeup of its population at a given time, Cameron said. Dogs take up more space than rabbits, for example, but the shelter’s available space is also somewhat flexible.
Typically, Foothills can hold about 530 animals. But on July 21, the shelter’s population skyrocketed to 724, after the Sheriff’s Office brought in 194 rabbits seized from an Arvada farm. Foothills initially kept the rabbits in a barn at the nearby Jefferson County Fairgrounds but later moved them into the shelter’s garage, Cameron said.
The new $9.7 million shelter was constructed after Jefferson County agreed to contribute $3 million, in addition to $5.2 million raised through dog-licensing revenue and $1.5 million in donations. Of the donations, which are projected to be reached by 2015, the Foothills Animal Foundation has so far raised $1.2 million in gifts and pledges. The building is expected to be paid off in 2029, Cameron said.
The shelter’s 2011 budget is $1.9 million, up substantially from the prior budget of $1.48 million at the TMAC site. Funding comes from animal-adoption fees, donations and municipal and county assessments.
Though revenue is largely down for counties and municipalities across the country, the Foothills 2012 budget could actually increase, Cameron said.
“If anything, our budget will go up, because the number of animals coming through our door continues to increase,” she said.
The 30,000-square-foot facility has a staff of 33, including one full-time and one part-time veterinarian. Foothills also has 511 volunteers.
The shelter doesn’t have a set time limit for any animal, and Foothills works with other locations to trade dogs and cats that haven’t had luck being adopted, Cameron said.
“You’re hoping that with the right amount of care and attention … those animals are going to do fine. … (But) it’s a very difficult living situation,” she said. “We’ve had animals here over a year. … We have no time limit. It’s all about the individual animal.”
But despite its resources, more animals come in every year than can find homes. Consequently, hundreds of potentially adoptable dogs, cats and small animals are put down.
“No one works in a shelter because they want to euthanize an animal. It’s the most heartbreaking part of the work,” Cameron said. “You don’t work in a shelter to get rich. You work in a shelter because you love animals.”
Foothills Animal Shelter
580 McIntyre St.
Monday through Friday from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Saturday and Sunday from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.
Dog adoptions range from $80 to $500 depending on age and breed.
Cat adoptions normally range from $35 to $150, though the shelter is currently adopting all cats seven months and older for only $25.
Rabbits, including those from the Arvada farm, can be adopted for $25, and the shelter is currently offering a two-for-one rate.
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- Places to Explore
- Fodor's Choice
- Spanish Phrases
At 55 degrees latitude south, Ushuaia (pronounced oo-swy-ah; the Argentines don't pronounce the "h") is closer to the South Pole than to Argentina's northern border with Bolivia. It is the capital and tourism base for Tierra del Fuego, the island at the southernmost tip of Argentina.
Although its stark physical beauty is striking, Tierra del Fuego's historical allure is based more on its mythical past than on rugged reality. The island was inhabited for 6,000 years by Yámana, Haush, Selk'nam, and Alakaluf Indians. But in 1902, Argentina, eager to populate Patagonia to bolster its territorial claims, moved to initiate an Ushuaian penal colony, establishing the permanent settlement of its most southern territories and, by implication, everything in between.
When the prison closed in 1947, Ushuaia had a population of about 3,000, made up mainly of former inmates and prison staff. Today, the Indians of Darwin's "missing link" theory are long gone—wiped out by diseases brought by settlers, and by indifference to their plight—and the 60,000 residents of Ushuaia are hitching their star to tourism. The city rightly (if perhaps too loudly) promotes itself as the southernmost city in the world (Puerto Williams, a few miles south on the Chilean side of the Beagle Channel, is a small town). Ushuaia feels like a frontier boomtown, at heart still a rugged, weather-beaten fishing village, but exhibiting the frayed edges of a city that quadrupled in size in the '70s and '80s. Unpaved portions of R3, the last stretch of the Pan-American Highway, which connects Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, are finally being paved. The summer months—December through March—draw 120,000 visitors, and dozens of cruise ships. The city is trying to extend those visits with events like March's Marathon at the End of the World.
A terrific trail winds through the town up to the Martial Glacier, where a ski-lift can help cut down a steep kilometer of your journey. The chaotic and contradictory urban landscape includes a handful of luxury hotels amid the concrete of public housing projects. Scores of "sled houses" (wooden shacks) sit precariously on upright piers, ready for speedy displacement to a different site. But there are also many small, picturesque homes with tiny, carefully tended gardens. Many of the newer homes are built in a Swiss-chalet style, reinforcing the idea that this is a town into which tourism has breathed new life. At the same time, the weather-worn pastel colors that dominate the town's landscape remind you that Ushuaia was once just a tiny fishing village, populated by criminals, snuggled at the end of the Earth.
As you stand on the banks of the Canal Beagle (Beagle Channel) near Ushuaia, the spirit of the farthest corner of the world takes hold. What stands out is the light: at sundown the landscape is cast in a subdued, sensual tone; everything feels closer, softer, and more human in dimension despite the vastness of the setting. The snowcapped mountains reflect the setting sun back onto a stream rolling into the channel, as nearby peaks echo their image—on a windless day—in the still waters.
Above the city, the last mountains of the Andean Cordillera rise, and just south and west of Ushuaia they finally vanish into the often stormy sea. Snow whitens the peaks well into summer. Nature is the principal attraction here, with trekking, fishing, horseback riding, and sailing among the most rewarding activities, especially in the Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego (Tierra del Fuego National Park).
As Ushuaia converts to a tourism-based economy, the city is seeking ways to utilize its 3,000 hotel rooms in the lonely winter season. Though most international tourists stay home to enjoy their own summer, the adventurous have the place to themselves for snowmobiling, dog sledding, and skiing at Cerro Castor.
Ushuaia at a Glance
- All Patagonia
- Antigua Casa Beben (Old Beben House)
- Canal Beagle
- Canal Fun
- Estancia Harberton (Harberton Ranch)
- Glaciar Martial
Elsewhere in Tierra del Fuego
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No. 54 Goshtasp slays the dragon
Timurid: Herat, c.1444
Patron: Mohammad Juki b. Shah Rokh
Opaque watercolour, ink and gold on paper
London, Royal Asiatic Society, Persian MS 239, fol. 250v
Goshtasp, son of Lohrasp of Iran, asked to succeed his father, but his wish was denied. He travelled to India and then to Rum (Rome or Byzantium), where he fell in love with and married a daughter of the Qeysar (Caesar). He helped two noblemen marry other daughters of the Qeysar by killing a karg (rhino-wolf) and – as seen here – a dragon in their place. Goshtasp is placed partially outside the pictorial space on a blue rock that bursts through the framed boundaries and enhances the dynamics of the scene. The dragon slithers across the page, its pinkish body paralleled by the curve of the large tree in the background.
Together with Nos. 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53 and 55, this illustration belonged to a copy of the Shahnameh made for Mohammad Juki b. Shah Rokh, brother of Ebrahim Soltan (the patron of Nos. 33, 34, 35, 36, 38 and 39). Mohammad Juki died before the manuscript was completed. In the early sixteenth century, it came into the possession of a later Timurid ruler, Babur, who took it to India when he founded the Mughal dynasty there.
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Proclaimed in 1854, Princes Park, which encompasses the Carlton Recreation Ground, became the home of the Carlton Football Club and the Carlton Cricket Club in 1864. Now 40 ha in area, the northern section of the park was initially swamp land, and some parts were used as a rubbish tip before 1897, when Carlton's desire for an enclosed football ground resulted in hasty improvements to the amenities in readiness for the first season of tenancy. A small stand opened in 1900, and further facilities for spectators were constructed in the 1930s. Victorian Football League Grand Finals were played at the venue in 1942, 1943 and 1945, the latter match a particularly violent affair, attracting a record attendance of 62 986. Princes Park hosted Sheffield Shield cricket in the 1945/46 season, and reconstruction of the oval and playing surface took place at the end of the decade.
While a redeveloped Princes Park had originally been announced as the main stadium for the 1956 Olympic Games, the Melbourne Cricket Ground was ultimately the key venue. Few improvements were made until the late 1960s, when the George H. Harris stand was opened. South Melbourne, Fitzroy, Hawthorn and the Western Bulldogs football clubs have all reluctantly shared tenancy at Princes Park at one time or another. Further construction plans, championed by the then Carlton Football Club president John Elliott, met with strong opposition from local residents, and while the increasing use of the facility for sports such as gridiron, Rugby League, test-match cricket and soccer, as well as for opera, has been important for the economic viability of the ground, the more passive recreational needs of park-users have been downplayed. The 'renaming' of the ground as 'Optus Oval' in 1994 was a particularly divisive decision, reflecting growing community concern over commercial use of public parks.
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Iran is not a rogue state, says Australia in WikiLeaks cable
In cables published today, Australia says the US should not see Iran as a rogue state, rather that Australian officials believe that Tehran sees a "grand bargain" with America as its best way to ensure national security.
Australia is at odds with its major security ally the United States over Iran, saying it is not a "rogue state" and its nuclear weapons programme is for deterrence, not attack, according to U.S. cables released by WikiLeaks.Skip to next paragraph
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The documents, published in the Sydney Morning Herald on Monday, also reveal that Australia's top security organisation believes Tehran sees a "grand bargain" with the United States as its best way to ensure national security.
But the Office of National Assessments (ONA) shared Washington's fears that Iran's pursuit of nuclear weapons could lead to conventional or nuclear war, noting a conflict between Israel and Iran was the greatest challenge to Middle East stability.
The ONA was also concerned that nuclear proliferation in the Middle East may drive Southeast Asian nations to pursue their own nuclear capabilities.
The cables said the ONA sought a balanced view of Tehran as a sophisticated diplomatic player rather than one liable to behave impulsively or irrationally.
WikiLeaks has provoked fury in Washington with its publications of secret U.S. cables and has vowed to make public details of the 250,000 secret U.S. documents it had obtained.
WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange is under arrest in Britain over accusations of sexual assault in Sweden. He has not been charged, but is wanted for questioning. (Editor's note: The original version of this story misstated Sweden's interest in Assange.)
TEHRAN SEEKS DETERRENCE
A U.S. diplomatic cable from Canberra in 2008 said the ONA believed Tehran's desire to develop nuclear weapons was probably driven by a desire to deter Israel and the United States from attack rather than to launch a Middle East strike.
"ONA viewed Tehran's nuclear program within the paradigm of 'the laws of deterrence', noting that Iran's ability to produce a weapon may be 'enough' to meet its security objectives,'' the U.S. embassy reported to Washington.
"Nevertheless, Australian intelligence viewed Tehran's pursuit of full self-sufficiency in the nuclear fuel cycle, long-standing covert weapons program, and continued work on delivery systems as strong indicators that Tehran's preferred end state included a nuclear arsenal."
The ONA believed "Iran's acquisition of nuclear weapons as inevitable" and the Australian government was concerned that such a move could see nuclear proliferation in Southeast Asia.
A U.S. embassy report in March 2009 told Washington that Australia was "concerned about the potential for renewed nuclear proliferation in the Middle East driving Southeast Asian states to abandon the (nuclear non-proliferation treaty) and pursue their own nuclear capabilities, which could introduce a direct threat to the Australian homeland".
But Australian intelligence analysts believe "that 20 years of hostility (towards Washington) and associated rhetoric aside, (Tehran) regime attitudes "have fairly shallow roots".
"The most effective means by which Tehran could ensure its national security would be a strategic relationship with the U.S. via some 'grand bargain'," said Australia's security agency.
(Reporting by Michael Perry, editing by Miral Fahmy)
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Adam Kirsch is a poet, which makes it likely that his imagination will be at work when it comes to describing and assessing the merits of his subject. So it proves in his small book about Lionel Trilling that fits neatly in the series "Why X Matters." In a series of linked essays, Mr. Kirsch shows the literary critic at work on his own personality over the course of his life, molding and remolding himself into the kind of man he wanted to be in order to accomplish the work he thought necessary in the present state of literary affairs. As Mr. Kirsch puts it in "Why Trilling Matters," "Trilling was the rare kind of writer for whom an idea is itself an experience."
Why Trilling Matters
By Adam Kirsch
Yale, 185 pages, $24
Mr. Kirsch values the original form that Trilling developed for putting together in one very short statement the intellectual, social and spiritual elements he had perceived. These—I will not say capsules, because that sounds mechanical, but I may call them visions—resembled in effect the rose window of a cathedral. He was so adept at creating such summaries and so much enjoyed making them that once in a while I doubted some of their contents and wanted to shout, "Evidence, please!" like a heckler at a public meeting. This was but a rare occasion in the midst of ever-renewed agreement and admiration.
This is an attractive account of a powerful critic. This said, it must be added that what we have is half a book or half a man. For it leaves out of account the genesis of the medium of which he, and by now every writer, philosopher, businessman, thief or street urchin is a constituent part. I refer to culture, our culture.
The word, the idea, is not an ancient discovery. It was a new conception born of long discussions between Trilling and me: cultural criticism for his use, cultural history for mine. For some 16 years neither of us delivered or published a paper that had not been vetted by the other for errors of tone or treatment—the kind of high editing that publishers and editors such as Maxwell Perkins often gave. We had been graduate students together and had a good working relationship matching a lifelong and cloudless friendship. We borrowed the notion of culture from anthropology, where it means the entire set of elements in a primitive society, from their gods to their pots and pans.
Man in the Western world could take the pots and pans for granted; the remainder of the world became his culture, thanks to the spread of the public high school from the first decade of the 20th century. As earlier it was politics that governed the literary life: In the 18th century the Edinburgh Review and the Quarterly were partisan opponents; so in the 19th, with the onset of democracy, this conflict was social—Karl Marx occupying a large part of the ground. It is now cultural, which is also to say it has no set limits.
Nor is the new term culture applied solely to large areas. Big corporations are said to have a culture and within them the casual talk is of the culture of the seventh floor not jibing with the culture of the fifth—A dose of managerial lubricant is needed to ease the grinding of the gears. Or again, physicians disagree about acupuncture, each group taking a different view of that procedure, so that reliance on it and reliance on drugs form opposed medical cultures. In short, the word has become a catchall for any group of things or persons that one wants to link together for the purpose of discussion.
Now, an unsolicited comment on the name of the series of books "Why X Matters." X doesn't, or only secondarily—as our practice shows. What matters is the work. It is Homer. It is Sophocles. When we say Dante, we do not think of the perpetual fugitive Il Signor Alighieri, but of "Nel mezzo del camin di nostra vita" ("In the middle of the journey of our life").—Mr. Barzun was on the faculty of Columbia University from 1932 to 1975 and is the author of, most recently, "From Dawn to Decadence."
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FREE MOBILE CLOUD
COMPUTING CONCEPTS - TRAINING_MODULES_WITH_TONS_OF_VIDEOS
Post by Yancy Hollis with Palo Alto IT Pro Group and Coders
The use of virtualization and multi-core processors has made cloud computing an option for many
The ability to buy cloud time as you need it and not purchase hardware is certainly attractive
from a financial standpoint.
The concept is not new and has its roots in time shared mainframes and grid computing.
One might assume the the vast amount of computing
resources in clouds may make them ideal candidates for HPC (high performance computing) clustering. Unfortunately, it is not
as simple as collecting cores.......
One of the issues facing clouds is I/O. Basically, I/O is often not predictable
or repeatable. From a storage standpoint read and write times can be fast, but not always fast. In terms of messages between
servers, most clouds do not support high performance interconnects and similarly make no guarantees as to latency or bandwidth
consistency. While grids paid attention to certain HPC performance guarantees in terms of I/O, clouds, in order to offer ease
of use, have declined such guarantees.
Unless a cloud has been specifically designed for HPC, the user cannot
expect consistent and/or high performance. There are two papers which discuss this very idea.
The first paper
looks at Benchmarking Amazon
EC2 for High-performance Scientific Computing and the second paper asks, Can Cloud Computing Reach The TOP500?. Both papers conclude that the cloud is not mature enough for HPC (high performance computing) applications.
of the cloud become more apparent when one looks a little deeper at HPC applications. First, many applications rely on user
space communication (i.e. high performance MPI programs transfer data directly from one node to another without using
Such a close to the wire operation runs counter to the virtualization model. Secondly,
as reported in the first paper (above), the performance of OpenMP applications was reduced by 7-21% when running in the EC2
Computing began offering POD (Penguin on Demand) for HPC cloud computing.
The POD cloud offers both Ethernet and InfiniBand connections between nodes thus providing a dedicated high performance computing
environment. This service can be considered a specialized HPC cloud.
There are some other other important issues to consider with cloud
computing -- security and reliability.
When data leaves your domain over the Internet it is virtually impossible
to guarantee 100% security. If your organization can live with this situation, using the cloud may be an option. If on the
other hand, you need to keep a tight reign on your data, then you may not want to be injecting it into the cloud.
The other issue is reliability. If your day to day operations are based on using a cloud, then a contingency plan is a must.
Interruptions in Internet traffic due to congestion or hardware failures can be common in some areas. In addition,
the cloud provider may have issues (even go out of business) and thus not meet the service requirements.
I believe the cloud is an interesting
model, but it is not a real solution for HPC (in its current form).
My issue with clouds is that they are often
categorized as "grid like" and then are somehow (incorrectly) considered "HPC like." Cloud offers utility
computing like grid promised, but has pushed the application layer further away from the hardware.
spend a lot of time making sure the application is as close to the hardware as possible. At this point in time, HPC in the
cloud is more of a curiosity than a solution. When examining HPC benchmarks it becomes clear that clouds are not the best
means to provide HPC cycles.
Whether efforts like POD can meet the HPC users needs in the cloud is still unknown.
To be fair,
there are some HPC applications that lend themselves to clouds quite well. Keep in mind they have been designed to work in a robust distributed fashion
and are not virtualized. Clouds can be enticing and even enabling for some applications, but remember a collection of servers
(in the cloud or in a rack) does not a cluster make.....................
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The global ambitions of Research In Motion Ltd. have known few bounds since the company began signing up scores of major carriers, from Iceland to Turkey. But the maker of BlackBerry devices is facing an entirely new challenge as it tries to penetrate the biggest emerging market of all. In China, the launch of RIM’s wireless service has been quietly delayed, in part because of government concerns over its inability to control the communications technology.
China is worried that the high-level encryption technology in the BlackBerrys could make it difficult for security authorities there to gain access to e-mail messages, a source said Tuesday. Agents routinely monitor e-mail messages on China’s Internet servers, which are all state-controlled.
RIM received some high-level political assistance Tuesday when Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty showcased the BlackBerry, and the company’s case, to a Chinese cabinet minister. A senior RIM executive would not confirm whether BlackBerry’s launch has been delayed because of problems with the government. However, Mr. McGuinty said the company told him that “some prerequisites†from the government are not yet satisfied. With almost 400 million users, China is the world’s biggest cellphone market, and RIM expects it to become a key market for its BlackBerry handheld devices.
Read the rest …
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German spies are executed by a firing squad and Germans who killed American prisoners of war are hanged, at end of World War II
Bruchsal Germany Date:1945, May 20 Duration:1 min 21 sec Sound:Yes
Three German soldiers, who were captured in American uniforms, spying behind the American lines, in the Fall of 1944, are executed by a firing squad. In a separate sequence, one of several German civilians is marched toward gallows at Bruchsal prison near Karlsruhe, Germany. They were condemned by a military tribunal for killing six United States Army Air Force aviators who were being held as prisoners of war after crash landing their airplane near the end of the war. A hangman makes preparations. The German criminals are hanged.
This historic stock footage available in HD and SD video. View pricing in lower left of video player.
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GIS Emissaries Build Communities of Harmony
This article is part of an ongoing series honoring individuals who have made a difference in the world by applying a GIS solution to challenges or needs within conservation or their communities. Since these unique individuals have been selected for their innovations or special achievements in a particular field, the series is appropriately named GIS Heroes. Esri recognizes Prashant Hedao and Lata Iyer as GIS heroes.
"All problems of existence are essentially a problem of harmony," said Sri Aurobindo, an early 20th-century philosopher from India. Indian couple Prashant Hedao and Lata Iyer's lifework has been about resolving problems of harmony on our planet. They have traveled the world performing environmental work, studying ecosystems, and building communities. In the aftermath of the infamous tsunami of 2004, Hedao and Iyer adapted their skills and talents to aid the rehabilitation efforts for those in and around their community who were ravaged by the disaster. In the course of their lives, Hedao and Iyer have become ambassadors of GIS to the nation of India.
Today, Hedao and Iyer reside in Auroville, India, an intentional community where people from around the world have gathered to live in human unity. Auroville is a place where people can do what they aspire to do rather than what they are forced to do. Owned by no one, the community widely embraces diversity, greatly respects continued learning, and idealistically endeavors to build the community of the future. Hedao and Iyer contribute their enthusiasm and skill to the community by working on landscape and city planning projects.
The road that eventually led the couple to this utopian township has wound around the globe. In the early 1990s, after finishing bachelor's degrees in India and completing graduate degrees in the United States, the couple entered ecological work. Hedao, a landscape architect, got a job at the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), United States, an international nongovernmental organization (NGO) for conservation, research, and restoration of the environment. Iyer, who is skilled in regional planning, was hired by Conservation International whose mission is to conserve the earth's living heritage and global diversity. They moved to Washington, D.C., and began careers, which sent them to many parts of the world.
A World of Conservation
World environmental funds are limited, and program administrators ask, "Where should we prioritize our efforts?" Determining the location of earth's most critical needs for funding was a prioritization task that was greatly aided by GIS.
WWF had listed more than 200 ecoregions as globally significant. Identifying these helped direct the efforts of the organization and aided in gaining funding for conservation. Hedao says, "We used GIS to support scientific analysis about regions and bring attention to environmental needs. A map can effectively make a point. It can educate people, define areas of concern, or show best options for conservation."
Meanwhile, at Conservation International, Iyer was using GIS in preserving forested areas. She was involved with setting priorities and traveled throughout the world to develop consensus among different stakeholders about environmental needs and policies. Her team supported workshops of scientists and policy makers who considered what regions needed to be preserved because they had the greatest biological importance. Iyer worked on projects in Madagascar, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, and Guyana.
A variety of maps brought success when securing conservation projects. GIS was used to assess vegetation and locate species. It would be brought to a given country's workshop where scientists and policy makers could visualize ecological data about their country and decide on courses of action. The layering capabilities of GIS provided dramatic insight to the interrelationships of topography, soils, climate, and species.
"In most places where we visited, GIS was a relatively new technology," Iyer explains. "We created workshops and materials to help people build databases. Our GIS team used GIS to plot this data onto maps."
Their GIS work strengthened the couple's ties with the Esri Conservation Program (ECP) and the Society for Conservation GIS (SCGIS). Between 1999 and 2003, Hedao and Iyer came to work at the company's U.S. headquarters, where they further honed their GIS skills and knowledge of GIS applications. Remaining involved with SCGIS, they participated in fund-raising to bring together scholars from different parts of the world to the annual conferences of Esri and SCGIS. They worked with the program to help people get GIS software and training and acquire hardware, such as laptops and GPS units, that would help them in their local environmental projects.
Return to India
Having come to the United States with the intent of eventually returning to their native country, in 2003, at long last, the couple headed home. They settled in Auroville, which has a population of about 1,700 people and is near Puducherry in southern India, not far from the coastline of the Bay of Bengal. Both of them joined the planning office of Auroville and worked toward addressing environmental concerns of Auroville and its bioregion. During this period, they also organized training workshops and seminars, made presentations in different forums on GIS, and conducted specific projects using GIS.
In addition to their newfound citizen duties, Hedao and Iyer continued their conservation efforts in the country, participating in a grassland mapping project. Up to this point, the couple had been ensconced in pursuing their interests, but the forces of nature changed the immediate direction of their lives.
An undersea earthquake off the coast of Indonesia set off the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 that killed more than 225,000 people. Many people living in communities around Auroville lost their lives, and others lost their houses, possessions, and means of making an income. Soils and water sources were inundated with seawater, leaving land worthless and water unusable.
Auroville citizens rallied, instantaneously forming relief teams. Soon, these teams came together to form the Auroville Tsunami Relief and Rehabilitation Project. Hedao and Iyer immediately got involved.
GIS proved very useful to the project, especially when NGOs and government officials came onto the scene to assist. A familiar-sounding question was raised, "Where should we prioritize our efforts?" GIS provided answers. Maps were used to direct volunteer cleanup work. Using data from the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the GIS team depicted the border of the tsunami inundation line, showing what farms and land parcels were affected and which water sources were most likely contaminated.
When it was time to rebuild, the project's focus changed. Accordingly, the Auroville Tsunami Relief and Rehabilitation Project became the Auroville Coastal Development Center. "We provided government officials with criteria to help them choose the best sites for rehabitation," explains Hedao. "Using GIS, we produced maps showing vulnerable areas where building should not occur. They showed areas prone to flooding, low-lying areas, steep slopes, and backwater areas."
Unfortunately, conservative government officials were skeptical about the practicality of such criteria that would delay the rehabilitation process and therefore did not pay much attention to the center's rehabitation site selection criteria. Just eight months after the tsunami, the torrential monsoon rains flooded many areas the government had designated for rehabilitation. Realizing the value of GIS for analysis, officials returned to the center seeking help. The center gladly provided it.
The Indian government has yet to adopt GIS fully as part of its national disaster response system. The lack or unavailability of geographic data is a hurdle to the development of a nationwide GIS program. In many countries, certain map data is under high security and inaccessible. For India, the lack of data and GIS analysis tools makes it particularly challenging to perform disaster response functions from planning mitigation to assessing damage levels to directing relief activities.
Hedao and Iyer are working with their district and state officials, making them aware of GIS and the value of shared information systems. Although the body of work the couple has generated offers indisputable evidence of the benefits of geographic technologies, these two ambassadors of GIS in India still have a long road ahead of them.
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The Economy Cream Separator represented the first major
brand-name product promotion for Sears, Roebuck and Co. Sears
eventually put the Economy brand name on iceboxes, fountain
pens, a sewing machine cabinet, gasoline engines, portable saw
rigs, and a variety of farm equipment. It was the cream
separator, however, that became the product most identified with
The cream separator, invented in 1890 by C.G.P. Delavai, was
an ingenious mechanical device for separating the cream from
milk. In the late 19th century, milk cows produced on average
5,500 pounds of milk containing 200 pounds of cream each year.
Before the invention of the cream separator, there were mostly
unsatisfactory and unhealthy—not to mention
expensive—methods for separating the cream from the whole
Cream separators first appeared in the Sears catalog in 1896.
Legend has it that while on a hunting trip in North Dakota with
other company officials, founder Richard W. Sears stopped at a
dairy farm and noticed a man using one of the new centrifugal
cream separators. Sears spoke with the farmer and found out that
the machine worked very well, but that it cost him more than
$100. Richard Sears knew he could sell one for less.
He rushed back to Chicago to look for a manufacturer. In
1902, Sears introduced the line of "Economy Cream
Separators," with the least-expensive model priced at
$24.95. To promote the new Economy Cream Separators, Richard
Sears proclaimed, "We will give $1,000.00 in Gold to the
separator manufacturer who can produce a machine that will
outskim the Improved Economy." No one accepted the
The Economy Cream Separator quickly became one of Sears'
best-selling products. The simple, efficient, and affordable
Economy Cream Separator remained a mainstay of the Sears product
mix until 1947.
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| 0.92262
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|
Research House Prices
WANT to know what your home is worth? The answer is simple: it's worth what the market is willing to pay for it.
The key to correctly pricing your home is to do your research and listen to what the current market is telling you.
Most buyers have done their research, so they have a fair idea of what your property is worth.
If you price it too high, you won't attract much interest, resulting in a longer selling time and lower sale price.
However, if you underprice your property you'll be inundated with buyers keen to nab a bargain at your expense.
So, what is the best way to accurately gauge the price of your home?
Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com
Publication information: Article title: Research House Prices. Contributors: Not available. Newspaper title: The Daily Mercury (Mackay, Australia). Publication date: August 7, 2009. Page number: 9. © 2009 APN Newspapers Pty Ltd. COPYRIGHT 2009 Gale Group.
This material is protected by copyright and, with the exception of fair use, may not be further copied, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means.
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A Muslim people whose kingdom dominated the Malaccan Straits when the first Europeans arrived in the 13th century, the Acehnese fiercely resisted the Dutch and later the Indonesians. Hundreds of thousands of people turned out to demand independence at a rally in Aceh Monday, and the guerrillas of the Free Aceh movement remain at large, underlining simmering Acehnese resentment at their impoverishment despite the territory's wealth of resources. The stakes are high for Wahid: Jakarta can't afford to have the resource-rich region destabilized by political turmoil, and the very future of the Indonesian state may depend on its ability to keep Aceh from bolting, which might cause a rush for the door by the secessionist peoples of Irian Jaya and Ambon, too. The Suharto regime depended on military force to keep the Indonesian family together; Wahid is hoping to rely on persuasion and material incentives.
Indonesia may have learned a lesson from East Timor. Recently elected president Abdurrahman Wahid said Tuesday he would grant an independence referendum to the rebellious province of Aceh, and would abide by the result. He underlined his good intentions by withdrawing Indonesian troops from a decades-long counterinsurgency operation there, and promised the Acehnese the sweetest of deals if they vote to remain inside the Indonesian federation full autonomy and control over 75 percent of the revenues generated there. After decades of repression failed to keep East Timor in Indonesia, Wahid is hoping that loosening the seams presents the best chance of maintaining the unity of a patchwork nation stitched together by Dutch colonialism. And unlike the situation with East Timor, there is an economic rationale in making nice with Aceh: The region is rich in natural resources and generates 13 percent of Jakarta’s budget, even though its people make up only 2 percent of Indonesia’s population.
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| 0.946008
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| 2.4375
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|
Aside from making your dinner table look festive, eating a rainbow has amazing health perks! Here are some of our favorite foods of every color, and the health benefits they offer:
Red: Raspberries, cherries, pomegranate, strawberries
Lycopene and anthocyanins provide fruits & vegetables with their red hue, and also may help prevent certain cancers, in addition to being rich sources of antioxidants. Tip: Lycopene mixed with a little fat (i.e. in a tomato-based spaghetti sauce) may actually absorb into the body better than lycopene from raw tomatoes.
Orange: Pumpkins, apricots, carrots, mangoes, papaya
Caretonoids are the natural color source for orange fruits and vegetables, and are converted to Vitamin A by your body. Citrus fruits, however, are usually rich sources of Vitamin C and pholate, rather than caretonoids.
Yellow: Lemons, squash, pineapple, grapefruit
Many yellow fruits have similar properties to the orange fruits. When picking foods to eat, consider both yellow and orange to be your sources of caretonoids.
Green: Cucumber, lime, pears, green apples, zucchini
Chlorophyll and lutein are both sources of the green coloration, and provide nutrients to keep the eyes healthy. Green vegetables also include cruciferus vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage, that may also help prevent cancer. Finally, many green vegetables are a rich source of folate.
Blue/purple: Eggplant, blackberries, blueberries
Like red foods, blue & purple foods contain anthocyanins, a nutrient that has been linked to prevention of strokes, cancer and heart disease.
These foods are fabulous in your belly, but can also be beneficial for your skin! Order before June 30th to receive a rainbow sampler pack. Mention, “Eat a rainbow” in the comments of your order over $30.
For more information on this topic, please visit North Dakota State University’s webpage.
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✈ Royal Air Freight Flight 988 crashes on approach to Chicago Executive
Royal Air Freight Flight 988 crashes on approach to Chicago Executive
dinsdag, 5 januari 2010 15:05
Last updated 3 years ago.
FlightAware has received confirmed word that Royal Air Flight #988 crashed into a river in a wooded area while on a visual approach to Chicago Executive Airport at approximately 1:24pm CST.
The flight was operated with a Learjet 35 (N720RA) from Pontiac, Michigan to Chicago. It departed the Eastern Michigan airport at 1:47pm EST (2:47pm CST at the destination airport).
It is believed that the two pilots were the only occupants of the aircraft.
Weather in Chicago at the time of the accident was reported to be few clouds at 6000, visibility unlimited, temperature -6C/21F, dew point -11C/11F. Wind out of the Northwest at 9kts.
The Learjet 35 is a multi-purpose jet aircraft used for private transport, cargo, as well as military transport. It has a crew of one or two and can carry up to 8 passengers or 3,200lbs of cargo. It has a range of approximately 2,000 nautical miles. The first Learjet 35 aircraft flew in 1973 and over 700 have been delivered to customers.
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| 0.939376
| 282
| 1.65625
| 2
|
lanceArticle Free Pass
lance, spear used by cavalry for mounted combat. It usually consisted of a long wooden shaft with a sharp metal point. Its employment can be traced to the ancient Assyrians and Egyptians, and it was widely used by the Greeks and Romans, despite their lack of the stirrup, which did not appear until the 6th century ad.
The combination of lance and stirrup gave the armoured knights of the European Middle Ages tremendous shock potential in battle and led to the development of the tournament joust, in which single knights sought to unhorse each other by holding their lances level and charging headlong at each other. The butt end of the shaft was couched in a leather rest attached to the saddle. Medieval battles usually disintegrated into hundreds of such single combats.
The introduction of firearms at once outmoded the lance, yet various factors prevented its being discarded and even brought it a surprising vogue lasting well into modern times. For one thing, the lance was a cheap weapon; for another, it did not require a constant renewal of ammunition. Russia and eastern Europe led a revival of the lance in the late 18th century, and a regiment of Polish lancers formed by Napoleon in 1807 was so successful that it was followed by the conversion of several other French cavalry regiments. The Prussians, British, and others organized lancer regiments.
The lance was carried by the cavalry of all the principal European armies through the 19th century, largely because there was no rigorous test of its effectiveness in the face of long-range musket or rifle fire. Part of its appeal lay in its contribution to peacetime military pageantry. In 1889, despite the indifferent success of lancers in the Franco-German War, Germany converted all of its remaining cavalry regiments into lancers known as Uhlans. In 1914 they briefly carried their antique weapons into a machine-gun war, as did the British and French—men were run through with lances at the first Battle of the Marne. Through hard experience, the general staffs of Europe eventually (and reluctantly) conceded that a charge of lancers or any other cavalry contingent could easily be mowed down by machine-gun fire before reaching the defenders’ lines. And so by the 1920s the lance had quietly faded out of the Western armory. The lance made an anachronistic battlefield appearance in the hands of Polish cavalrymen who charged German columns in September 1939, at the beginning of World War II, with some success.
What made you want to look up "lance"? Please share what surprised you most...
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ABOARD USS HARRY S. TRUMAN, At Sea (NNS) -- USS Harry S. Truman (CVN 75) launched a Mind, Body and Spirit Campaign June 25 to help crew members find healthy ways to tend to their personal growth during deployment.
The campaign was an all-day event held in the ship's hangar bay. Several booths were set up to educate crew members on topics as diverse as religious services and programs, healthy eating and exercise habits, physical therapy, mental health and professional development. Many Sailors and Marines stopped by to see what the booths had to offer.
"The whole purpose of this campaign is to educate individuals about the number of resources available on board the ship," said Hospital Corpsman 1st Class (SW/FMF) Justin G. Pearce, Truman's psychiatric technician.
From his booth, Pearce instructed Sailors and Marines about personal hygiene and proper hydration techniques, an issue of critical importance as temperatures continue to rise.
At the next booth, Cmdr. Denise Milton, Truman's physical therapist, showed a Sailor some exercises to help align his spine, strengthen his back and improve the quality of sleep he was getting.
Senior Chief Navy Counselor (SW/EXW/AW) Ernest Andrew Jackson, Truman's command career counselor, said crew members can become so focused on mission accomplishment that they sometimes forget about taking care of their own physical and spiritual well-being.
"Having this information gives us more of an outlook on life outside our jobs," said Operations Specialist Seaman (SW) Noal White, one of the Sailors who attended the seminar. "Sometimes we get so absorbed in our work centers that we don't take time to think about anything else. Seminars like this help keep our morale up and allow us to focus on the other important aspects of our lives, such as our health."
In addition to picking up information packets, Sailors had the opportunity to obtain signatures for their enlisted air and surface warfare specialist personnel qualification standards (PQS) at the career booth and talk with career counselors on how to chart their military career.
Pearce said the visitors walked away with a lot of information, as well as a better sense of the programs that exist to help take care of their needs.
"The Sailors and Marines who came down seem to have gotten a lot out of the campaign," said Jackson. "The different booths always had visitors, and we've been taking down their questions so we can follow through with them and give them the information they need."
Jackson said another Mind, Body and Spirit seminar will be scheduled for the crew mid-deployment.
For more news from USS Harry S. Truman (CVN 75), visit www.navy.mil/local/cvn75/.
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March 16, 2008
The Rev. David R. Hackett
“Hosanna in the highest! Blessed is he who comes
in the name of the Lord!”
We join the rest of the Christian world this day in rejoicing over the
Lord’s entrance in the holy city. For a brief time we are with the
crowds who lined the streets of Jerusalem to greet the prophet, the messiah,
the prince of peace. But, really, what kind of a farce is this? We know
that the cheers of this day will be turned into the jeers and sneers of
Good Friday. This is a manic-depressive sort of day. We begin with hosannas
and then we read the long passion narrative: the account of the suffering
and death of Jesus. We really get jerked around liturgically on Palm Sunday,
don’t we? Let me suggest to you that is because we get jerked around
in reality. And our liturgy is, if it is true, a reflection of our life.
The cheers turned to jeers because the people of Jerusalem were like
us. The Liturgy of the Palms and the passion story help us enter into
the drama of redemption in a most uncomfortable way. We celebrate with
the people who welcomed Jesus that day. We can imagine what it must have
been like. It feels good. We like a parade. It’s like standing on
the edge of a new era. Change is in the air. Jesus will be our new leader.
He will take up our cause.
But our cheers turn to jeers because we want Jesus to be on our side,
but we discover something for which we weren’t prepared. Jesus didn’t
come to be on our side. He came to be on the side of everyone; even on
the side of our enemies. And he can’t do that in this world! We
want him to be on our side, but we don’t want him to be on their
side! You know who I’m talking about: the ubiquitous them!
Jesus refused to fight against the Romans. “Render unto Caesar
the thing that are Caesar’s”, he said. Well, Judas would have
none of that. So he’ll force Jesus to fight; and then Judas and
Jesus will join the Zealot revolution against Rome. Can’t you just
hear Judas tell Jesus, “You’ve got to take a stand!”,
“You must do the right thing!” But Jesus wouldn’t join
Judas. He said he was depending only on God. But Judas knew God helps
those who help themselves. Instead of leading them toward the new and
glorious kingdom of Israel, Jesus took them into a dark garden to pray.
You know what Jesus’ problem was? He simply would not lead. He
tried to be on the side of everyone and you can’t do that. That
first Palm Sunday the crowds were ready to make him king, but he just
wouldn’t lead. He could have rallied the whole population in a minute,
but he did nothing. He even rebuked Peter who tried to fight for him.
He wouldn’t even take the lead in his own defense. Pilate was ready,
even eager, to help him. But how can you help someone who won’t
help himself? You can’t get along in this world if you won’t
choose sides. If you are for everybody, you end up with nobody.
One of my favorite acquaintances from the 1960s is a man named Will
Campbell. He’s a Baptist preacher who drives people up the wall.
He doesn’t have a church. No congregation could put up with for
long. He preaches and pastors whenever he feels called. He writes books,
sometimes teaches at Vanderbilt University, and lectures around the country.
He lives just outside of Nashville. Now he’s getting old and is
in ill health.
He’s originally from Mississippi. And in the ‘60s he was
an outcast because of his belief in integration and his association with
those “outside agitators.” One of those agitators, a young
Episcopal seminarian named Jonathan Daniels, was killed by Tom Coleman
of Hayneville, Alabama. An all-white jury found Coleman not guilty. Will
Campbell shocked and alienated many of his civil rights friends by standing
by Coleman. Campbell explained his actions by saying, “Jonathan
can never have died in vain because he loved his killer – by his
own words. And since he loved his murderer, his death is its own meaning.
And what it means is that Tom Coleman, this man who pulled the trigger
is forgiven. If Jonathan forgives, then it is not for me to condemn him.”
Jesus came to unite us into a fellowship of love, a love so great that
it will lay down its life for the beloved. But to this day we have refused
to be united into that fellowship of love.
Liberal minded Episcopalians think that Jesus is on their side, but when
they see him sitting down with conservative evangelical Christians they
turn away. Evangelical Christians think Jesus is on their side, but when
they hear he is sitting down with Jews, they pull away from him. Straight
Christians think Jesus is on their side, but they are shocked and draw
back when they see him move over to be with gay Christians. White supremacists
think Jesus is on their side, and cannot believe his willing presence
with people of color. Arab Christians think Jesus is on their side, but
when they hear he is sitting down with Muslims, they draw back from him.
We all want Jesus to join our parade, to take up our
cause, and lead us where we want to go. But Jesus came, not to
join in our parade, but to teach us to take up our cross and
join in his parade. It is a parade that celebrates the Father’s
love for all.
In Rudy Wiebe’s book, The Blue Mountain of China, are
“Jesus says I his society there is a new way
for people to live:
You show wisdom by trusting people;
You handle leadership, by serving;
You handle offenders, by forgiving;
You handle money, by sharing;
You handle enemies, by loving;
And you handle violence, by suffering.
In fact, you have a new attitude toward everything, toward
everybody. Toward slaves, toward all and every single
thing. Because this is a Jesus society and you repent not
by feeling bad, but by thinking differently.”
Now, there is a description of who we, as Christians, are called to
be. Jesus, that first Holy Week, revealed a new reality. So different
than that which was expected that the cheers changed to jeers. But the
new reality, the new covenant, is ours if we will but embrace it.
As we walk the way of the cross this week may God help us to repent,
not by feeling bad, but by thinking differently. Amen.
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Samba in Debian, smb.conf: smb passwd file = ??????????
I am trying to configure smb.conf. I've read that Samba has its own userdatabase where usernames and encrypted passwords are stored. In smb.conf I should write:
smb passwd file = [path to the database file]
How do I know the path to the samba database file?
I have got a suggestion, but I cannot find the file on my computer on this location:
I do have the file /usr/bin/smbpasswd but I have understood that this is a program file, and not a database file???
Thanks for help!
You can use the 'locate command to find any file or directory. For it to work effectivley, you need to switch to su and run the command 'updatedb' ( without the quotes first. If you have never run updatedb, it may take a few minutes to complete. It will build a data base of all files and directories on your system. Once that completes once, try 'locate smbpasswd' ( no quotes ). If you have the file it will spit back the path to the file very quickly.
My smbpasswd file is located at /etc/samba/smbpasswd.
If at dought about what type of file a file is, use the 'file' command. A simple example is:
|All times are GMT -5. The time now is 12:19 PM.|
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Ahead of the inaugural meeting of the Neuroethics Society, on Nov. 13 and 14 in Washington, D.C., Dana Press writer Aalok Mehta quizzed some of the experts in the field about the implications of neuroscience and its relevance to everyday life. Judy Illes, a professor of neurology and Canada Research Chair in Neuroethics at the University of British Columbia, will moderate a session on deep brain stimulation during the meeting. She also is an expert on how to deal with unintentional discoveries of medical conditions in volunteer subjects when such discoveries crop up during neuroscience research.
What are incidental findings, and why are they a concern in neuroethics?
|Judy Illes |
Incidental findings are unexpected clinical findings that are identified in research. My work has to do with these kinds of anomalies on brain imaging scans.
What’s really important about these kinds of findings is that when we’re doing research, we’re not doing clinical medicine. We have scans that are optimized for research, not optimized for clinical discovery. We also have people who are acquiring these images for research purposes, not for medical purposes, and are, more often than not, not medical personnel. So we have created a gigantic matrix of brain anomalies, for which we don’t know the clinical significance, that are being noticed on research scans by research people.
In the clinical environment, when we have medical findings that occur apart from what the physician is looking for clinically, there is a duty to report that to the patient. But when we began our research, there was no such protocol or professional guideline for knowing what to do with this kind of discovery in the research setting.
We began by rigorously trying to understand the nature of this challenge—how often are these things identified, how significant are they (that is, how many are medically significant), how are different laboratories dealing with them, was there an accepted standard or were people just winging it, and what participants themselves expect in terms of being informed about these findings.
Then I brought together an interdisciplinary group of people for a consensus meeting to see if we could establish a first pass of recommendations for people to adopt and for laboratories to adopt.
What were some of the conclusions reached at that meeting?
The conclusion on which we literally had consensus is that laboratories must acknowledge the possibility that there will be incidental findings in their brain imaging research and acknowledge that possibility in their research planning, and they should inform their respective institutional review boards of their intended plan for handling findings as well as the subjects themselves. That includes the option to acknowledge that these findings exist but the right to opt out of dealing with them.
Our recommended pathway at the time of the consensus meeting—the majority suggestion—was that when an anomaly is noticed, the scans should be shown to a specialist for a recommendation as to whether it should be followed up medically. We also acknowledged that there are other options that are morally acceptable, given the researchers’ goals and the research setting—for example, the researcher might be in a psychology department with no access to medical personnel. Some of our group even urged that subjects have the right to forgo being told about a finding even if there is one.
Are these decisions to be made with the knowledge of research subjects or in the background?
Our further work from that consensus meeting, work by my colleague Susan Wolf at the University of Minnesota and myself and others, added a layer of what we call returning results. That group urged that only findings that would have a meaningful impact on participants be given to them, but that, again, in the consent form subjects are told what the process will be.
So it’s not like something’s going on in the background that subjects weren’t informed about. They’re made aware of how the researcher will deal with these kinds of findings.
What’s next? Will there be further consensus meetings? Should there be governmental regulation?
I like to think more in terms of professional self-regulation than government regulation. We hope to gather a group to look at incidental findings in banks of data, data that are put into giant archives. How to handle that has not at all been sorted out.
In addition, we here at the University of British Columbia are also looking at a cost-benefit analysis of different strategies for handling incidental findings. That is, what is the cost to a researcher if he or she were to send all of the research scans to a radiologist. What is the cost-benefit to individuals and to their quality of life of being told on the one hand of a finding that has no medical significance or on the other of a finding that does have medical significance—can it be treated, can it not be treated, and so forth.
What are some of the ethical concerns being raised over deep brain stimulation, and what conclusions have you come to about when it should be used and when it shouldn’t be used?
I don’t think any hard conclusions exist yet. I think things are still very much in an exploration phase, an experimental phase, with some clinical applications of great promise. We’re definitely still learning about where how to optimize the technique—how to optimize by disease and by patient, keeping patient benefit foremost in mind.
As to the ethics considerations, we always start with safety at the very top. Then we think about optimizing for different kinds of pathology and for different kinds of people with different value systems in the clinical domain. Then of course we think about off-label uses of technology, particularly one that is invasive. Those are always challenging.
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Stanford Achievement Test Series, Tenth Edition
Stanford Achievement Tests are available in two formats:
• Paper Booklets (Grade Levels K-12)
• Online Testing (Grade Levels 4-12)
Customers outside the United States, contact your local distributor for availability.
Accelerated Christian Education® offers one of the finest achievement and aptitude test combinations available, the Stanford Achievement Test Series, Tenth Edition Complete Battery (Stanford 10), and the Otis-Lennon School Ability Test, Eighth Edition (OLSAT 8). The Stanford 10 is a technically advanced assessment tool that can provide valid and reliable data to evaluate and guide students' progress toward meeting academic standards. The OLSAT 8 measures those abilities that relate to a student's ability to learn in school. When the two tests are taken together, the scores are a valuable tool, relating a student's actual achievement with his or her school ability, and providing a wealth of information that parents and school staff can use. The OLSAT 8 is administered in Grade Levels 2, 5, and 8.
Standardized tests serve two primary functions:
- Helping schools objectively assess students’ academic progress and potential from year to year with quantifiable test data based on accepted models of student academic development. This multiple-choice assessment will help your school administration find out what students know and are able to do. Administrators will obtain reliable data to evaluate each student’s progress toward meeting content standards for each grade level. Supervisors will identify and help children who have gaps in their learning experience. Parents will understand what their child knows, his knowledge and abilities, and how they as parents can help. The standardized test results can reveal strengths and weaknesses in the child’s knowledge.
- Providing schools, government entities, and other interested parties with data on academic performance whereby a comparison can be made on various levels including comparisons between schools, school districts, and states.
Stanford 10 tests can only be administered during specific times in campus-based schools using the A.C.E. curriculum and cannot be purchased by individual homeschool families. However, these assessment tests are FREE for students who are enrolled in our distance education program, Lighthouse Christian Academy. For more details, visit www.lcaed.com.
Fall testing for new enrollments must be conducted at the beginning of the school year for accurate results. Please refer to the chart below for dates and deadlines. Testing a new student at the beginning of the school year and again at the end of the year gives school administration the ability to show the growth level he achieved during his first year of attendance. Spring testing is always administered in late April or early May.
Stanford 10 testing is comprised of thirteen complete battery levels that measure academic achievement in the areas of reading, mathematics, language arts, science, and social science for students from Kindergarten through Grade Level 12. These tests take from two to four mornings to administer, depending on the grade level being tested. If you have any questions, contact A.C.E. at email@example.com.
The Stanford 10 is based on chronological grade and should be administered to students based on their actual chronological grade level at the time of testing. Use caution to ensure that the proper test is ordered and given to each student. Since there is a year of education difference between fall and spring testing, different tests are administered to the students in the beginning of the year compared to the end of the year in Levels 1-8.
|Order Dates for Test Materials||Deadline to Submit Tests to Pearson|
|Fall Testing||June 30-September 30||October 15|
|Spring Testing||November 30-April 20||June 15|
Below is a list of tests to be administered based on chronological grade for both fall and spring testing.
Stanford 10/OLSAT 8 Testing Levels
|Fall Testing||Spring Testing|
(Kindergarten with Ace and Christi—
(Kindergarten with Ace and Christi—
(ABCs with Ace and Christi—Reading Students)
|2||Primary 1||2||Primary 2/OLSAT 8 Level C|
|3||Primary 2/OLSAT 8 Level C||3||Primary 3|
|4||Primary 3||4||Intermediate 1|
|5||Intermediate 1||5||Intermediate 2/OLSAT 8 Level E|
|6||Intermediate 2/OLSAT 8 Level E||6||Intermediate 3|
|7||Intermediate 3||7||Advanced 1|
|8||Advanced 1||8||Advanced 2/OLSAT 8 Level F|
|9||Task 1||9||Task 1|
|10||Task 2||10||Task 2|
|11 and 12||Task 3||11 and 12||Task 3|
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25 January 2012
The "crooked forest" of Gryfino (Poland) - updated
The link for the embedded photo was sent to me by Jennifer Fox, with a request for an explanation, since her web search had not proved satisfactory.
Several possibilities come to mind. It's obvious that the trees were bent when very young, then recovered. Those who live near large lakes with prominent ice heaves will have seen trees affected in this manner, and a similiar effect could occur after a blowdown by straightline winds.
I get the sense that this forest is a tree farm, because of the uniformity of age of the trees, and I suspect this is a man-made curvature, because of the similarity of all the trees involved. If that's true, then my best explanation would be that these trees were trained as "compass timbers" for shipbuilding or as material for other woodworking. See this post from last fall on that subject.
This blog gets about 500 visits a month from readers in Poland; perhaps someone can offer a definitive answer.
Photo credit: tapenade.
Addendum January 2012. One of the curious aspects of blogging is that you never know which posts will be popular or produce sustained interest. I posted the above about a year ago, and it has continued to accumulate hits (40,000 so far!) and comments, so I thought a repost with an update was warranted.
One of the early comments included a link to Discovery News, with a map showing the location of this forest:
The bent trees are in a small suburban area, surrounded by normal trees (evident in some of the photos in the gallery at this link).
Re the etiology, my original postulate was that they were bent by humans for shipbuilding timbers or other woodworking. Others chimed in with suggestions of "gravity anomalies," crop circles, the Tunguska Event (!!), "evil," and tank maneuvers.
I favor the later suggestion that the trees were intended to be used for furniture making in the "German Jugendstil style (1900/30), which is noted for its numerous curvilinear features." Another reader offered a link to this photo of a sledge with curved wooden runners:
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Replace Zipper in Your Favorite Jeans
To replace a zipper in a pair of jeans looks very challenging. If you take it step by step, though, you will get the hang of it. It will definitely take a little practice. The directions are involved and since the steps are numerous, I have divided them into four separate charts:
A Note About Terms I've Used ...
- Ripping Out the Old Zipper
- Installing New Zipper Left
- Installing New Zipper Right
- Topstitching Jeans
I've made some assumptions in labeling the different parts of the zipper area.
First of all, the flap that is between the zipper tape and the front fabric of the jeans is the fly extension. I assume the pants you are sewing have the fly extension located on the left side, as you're wearing them. We'll call that the top zipper half. It has the buttonhole
The other part will then be called the bottom zipper half. It is on the right side. It has the button
sewn at the waistband.
One last note. If your zipper size is not available, buy the zipper longer than you need. I'll show you how to make it fit!
Here's What You'll Need ...
|Scissors||Zipper Foot||Jean Thread||Heavy Duty Jean Zipper|
Chart One: Rip Out the Broken Zipper
|STEP ONE: OBSERVEAs always, check out the zipper and how it has been inserted in your garment. Take some digital pictures so you have something to refer back to. Begin by removing the stitches that attach the waistband to the pants.|
Rip out about 3"of stitching where the waistband meets the pants. You'll remove all the stitches along that fly extension that holds the zipper in place.
|STEP THREERip out the remaining topstitching that connects that fly extension to the jeans front. If you turn the jeans right side out, you'll see it is the double row of topstitching, including two bar tacks.|
|STEP FOURUse caution around the bar tacks that you have to remove. Turn the jeans inside out and remove the stitches from the inside if you need to. Then pick the loose threads from the front.|
The inside of the jeans should now look like this. The topstitching is gone and the waistband is separated from the pants front
|STEP SIXRemove the stitches where the bottom zipper is attached to the jeans. There is only one line of stitching here, unless the under side is serged. If so, remove the serging too. The zipper is now free.|
Chart Two: Replace Zipper Right
|STEP SEVENLine up the base of the zipper with the bottom of the opening. You may have to cut part of the zipper tape, as I have here. Pin in place through top, zipper and extension that is underneath.|
Sometimes you can see, on the extension,the ridges left by the previous zipper. Try to line up the teeth of the new zipper with these indentations.
|STEP NINE:Align zipper from beginning of opening to waistband. It is sandwiched between the extension on the bottom and the jean front on the top. Estimate where you will have to cut, if necessary.|
Cut the zipper so that a little bit of it will slip under the waistband opening. Use regular scissors, but be careful to cut between the teeth.
Here is a close up of the newly shortened zipper. I've left about 3/4" extra to be hidden in the waistband.
|STEP TWELVE:Stick the excess zipper in between the waistband layers. Adjust the zipper so that only the teeth are peeking out from the pants front. Check that the extension is flat and smoothed into place. Pin.|
|STEP THIRTEEN:Since the machine is going from waistband to crotch, be certain that the area is lying flat. Otherwise, you'll get a bubble at the end. Use as many pins as necessary to secure.|
|STEP FOURTEEN:Here is what it looks like on the inside of the jeans. The stitching on the extension may look a little off line, but it is fine, as long as the right side looks good.|
Here is the right side after stitching
|STEP SIXTEEN:Now stitch the waistband back into place. Using the zipper foot, put your needle in the left position and stitch in the line left by the old seam. Use care going over the zipper teeth. You may have to walk your machine over this area using the hand wheel.|
Here is the finished right side. Clip the threads close to the seam.
Chart Three: Replace Zipper Left
Chart Four: Topstitching
|STEP THIRTY ONE:Once the extension and the zipper is flat and aligned properly, you can topstitch the waistband seam. Again, be careful when your needle sews over the teeth. You may need to walk it along using your hand wheel.|
|STEP THIRTY TWO:Here you see the inside ot the waistband. This shows that I had to walk my machine over that zipper tooth, making a slightly longer stitch. It is hardly noticeable.|
|STEP THIRTY THREE:|
Here is the outside of the waistband. See how that bigger stitch doesn't really show?
|STEP THIRTY FOUR:With zipper open and sewing through all thicknesses, stitch a line of topstitching parallel to the opening, ending at the waistband. Do this agian, a scant ¼" from the first line.|
|STEP THIRTY FIVE:Close the zipper. Examine the jeans for the mark left behind when you removed the original stitches. Stitch this curve twice. Join your stitches when they reach the two straight lines. Backstitch here.|
|STEP THIRTY SIX:Now add your bar tacks. One goes at the base of the zipper opening. The other goes here, where your two lines of stitches met. Use a medium zigzag with stitches very close together.|
|STEP THIRTY SEVEN:Here is what the finished bottom should look like. Your curved stitches might not be right in the same spot as those you have removed. Don't worry if they are not exact.|
|STEP THIRTY EIGHT:|
Here is the finished product! The two rows of stitches should be evenly spaced, bartacks are clean and uniform and everything lies flat.
|STEP THIRTY NINE:|
And this is the inside of the crotch area. The extensions are also flat. The zipper is quite secure.
Whew. That is a very involved set of instructions. Steps 21,22 and 23 are confusing, I'll admit. But I promise once you get the hang of it, replacing a zipper will take you much less time than it did for me to write these directions! Depending on the time it take to rip out the old one, I can usually do this alteration in less than 30 minutes.
So give it a try. You can't really mess it up. The worst you can do is sew the opening shut. Then what? Just rip it out and start over.
Return from Replace Zipper to Home Page
Click Photo for My Background
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Visualization: FreshBooks code-base over time
For more technical insight and API help with FreshBooks, head on over to the FreshBooks Developer blog.
One of our newest developers, Anton, created this amazing visualization (using a code swarm) of how the FreshBooks code-base has changed over time. He found a visual way of representing all the updates to the application over the course of its life to see how it all works in unison. Cool!
If you’re not familiar with a Code Swarm, Anton explains it on the FreshBooks Developer blog:
Code swarms are a fascinating way to visualize the thousands of interactions between a project’s developers and its files. Developers and files are represented as moving elements. So when a developer makes changes to a file, it will briefly light up and fly towards that developer. The code swarm will only show files that have been changed recently and developers who’ve made a recent change. Conversely, when a file or developer has not been active for a while, they will fade away.
PS: FreshBooks is always on the lookout for new talent, come join the team!
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Who came up with the name of the USS Kearsarge, and which New Hampshire mountain does it honor? This is another of those enduring Mysteries of History (the fact that few people today know the matter was ever in question, and even fewer people care about a resolution notwithstanding). I had read about the controversy, but it held no particular interest for me. That is, at least, it didn't until I discovered that a distant relative of mine arguably deserves the credit. Now I'm ready to defend the honor of that remote cousin, and to denigrate the pretenders who would elbow in on my family's glory.
There have been four United States naval vessels named the Kearsarge. Civil War and history buffs, upon hearing the name, will picture the original sloop of War, launched in 1861, which did battle with the infamous Confederate vessel, CSS Alabama, and sent the raider to the bottom of the sea. Interestingly, while the Kearsarges in the U.S. Navy were named for a mountain in New Hampshire, there is a mountain in California named by miners for the Civil War-era sloop itself, commemorating the victory over the Alabama. The naming of the California mountain soon prompted Confederate-sympathizing miners to name a range of Sierra foothills the Alabama Hills (most famous as the backdrop for television and movie westerns). So what we have is a mountain giving its name to a ship, which in turn gave its name to another mountain, which inspired the naming of a range of hills for yet another ship.
A strong case can be made that the name Kearsarge was suggested by the wife of Assistant Secretary of the Navy Gustavus Fox, Virginia Woodbury Fox, daughter of the supreme over-achiever in my family tree, Levi Woodbury [I wanted to include a photo of Virginia here, but am having trouble locating one]. Levi was, like me, descended from our first ancestor in this country, John Woodbury -- one of the original “Old Planters” of Beverly, Massachusetts -- though my line comes off of one son and Levi’s another. Unlike me, Levi served as a governor (New Hampshire), a senator (New Hampshire), as Secretary of the Navy under Andrew Jackson, as Secretary of the Treasury under two presidents, and as a justice of the United States Supreme Court (nominated by James K. Polk). He tried twice to win the Democratic Party nomination for president, and fell short. My only elective office was a two-or-so year stint as president of a local Civil War Round Table.
My recent Civil War-related revelation was that two of Levi Woodbury's daughters were neck deep in Washington political families during the administration of Abraham Lincoln. As mentioned, Virginia was married to Gustavus Fox, described as the de facto chief of naval operations and a major proponent of ironclad technology. Virginia's sister Mary Elizabeth Woodbury was wed to Montgomery Blair, Lincoln’s Postmaster General and brother of Major General Frank Blair. Mary Elizabeth’s father-in-law was Francis Preston Blair, a political juggernaut who founded Silver Spring, Maryland and the man who arranged the Hampton Roads Peace Conference.
According to Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles, Virginia Fox Woodbury, a native of New Hampshire, recommended that one of the navy's new warships bear the name of a well known mountain in her home state's Carroll County. Turns out there were two mountains in the state bearing roughly the same Abenaki Indian name, with various spellings, and controversy ensued when a newspaperman in Concord—Mr. Henry McFarland—insisted that the idea for naming the ship was his, and that it was in honor of a smaller Merrimack County peak. McFarland claimed to have made the suggestion in a letter to Secretary Welles, who subsequently disavowed any knowledge of the missive and said he recalled speaking only to Assistant Secretary Fox about the matter.
William Marvel addresses the naming controversy in Appendix 1 of his book, The Alabama and the Kearsarge, the Sailor’s Civil War. When, in 1875, McFarland endeavored to refresh Welles’s memory and gain corroboration for his claim, Welles told him it would be “meet and gallant to commemorate” the Carroll County mountain “in accordance with the suggestions of a lady.”
Nothing doing, said McFarland. The credit-seeking newspaperman soon recruited the president of the state historical society, Nathaniel Bouton, who was also a state legislator, and an effort was launched to change the name of the Carroll County mountain.
William Marvel adds, “Gustavus Fox spared no expense in defense of his late wife’s claim. He hired researchers in London to examine colonial maps, engaged a Catholic priest who was fluent in the Abenaki dialect to demonstrate how the two mountains could have derived the same name from different Indian words, and he interviewed dozens of Carroll County residents who had never known their mountain as anything but Kearsarge, including one who had been born there early in the Revolution.”
Fox presented his assembled evidence to a three-person historical society committee, assembled by Bouton, which summarily rejected his argument and officially called for giving a new name to the Carroll County eminence -- “Mount Pequawket.” McFarland rejoiced in the decision. Years later he endeavored to seal his claim by publishing a book relating his version of the naming of the U.S.S. Kearsarge.
The sheer weight and breadth of McFarland’s crusade to claim credit appeared to have ended the matter, particularly as all of the principals in the naming controversy passed away (Fox and Welles were gone by the time Fox mounted a victory lap with the publication of his “proof”).
The story doesn’t end there, however. Late in the game an elderly Baptist minister. Joseph Gilmore, trumpeted his claim to have named the Kearsarge. His father was the governor of New Hampshire at the time, he said, and when the Navy Department requested some New Hampshire Indian names for the christening of new vessels, the governor assigned the task to his boy. The minister, it turns out, was either feeble-minded, or a liar. Writes Marvel, “Reverend Gilmore’s reputation as a theologian appears to have prevented anyone from pointing out that his father did not take office as governor until 1863 – two years after the Kearsarge was first named.
|Kearsarge Mountain North|
Fifty years after the end of the Civil War, the U.S. Geographic Board resolved to settle the confusion over the names of the respective New Hampshire mountains. Siding with the preponderance of McFarland’s spurious “evidence,” the Board concluded that Fox’s mountain should be called Pequawket, reserving the name “Kearsarge” solely for McFarland’s Merrimack County peak. Locals ignored the pronouncement – they had always known the mountain by one name and it was going to take more than the proceedings of an obscure government board to change that.
Finally, in 1958, after 43 years of residents refusing to abide by the Geographic Board’s decision, the government changed its mind and sought a compromise, assigning the name “Kearsarge North” to the peak. Needless to say, the locals still simply called it Kearsarge.
Marvel is careful to point out that all of the machinations of McFarland, and the government’s decision to determine the proper designations of the two mountains, tell us nothing about which of the two mountains gave the U.S.S. Kearsarge her name. It was enough to establish that, at the time the warship was christened, Kearsarge North/Pequawket was known to Virginia Fox and others as Kearsarge.
That just leaves the question of who suggested the name to the Navy. Marvel nails it. “The only credible candidates are Henry McFarland and Mrs. Fox. The only evidence that McFarland thought of the name is his own insistence on it . . . . [and his claim to have sent a letter to Welles. Later, in his booklet, he claimed to have sent the letter to Fox, intimating that the assistant secretary stole the idea on behalf of his wife.] Whether or not McFarland submitted such a letter, Mrs. Fox had the better opportunity to influence the secretary of the navy, who could not remember talking about it with anyone but her husband.”
As intriguing as the idea is to me that a relative gave the name to the famous warship, doubly intriguing to me is the likelihood that a relative was a crewman on the Kearsarge during the duel with the Alabama. There was a John C. Woodbury from Massachusetts aboard, and Massachusetts is where it all started for Woodburys in this country -- at Salem, and Beverly, and Cape Ann where they went down to the see in ships. More on that later, if I can connect the lines.
Left: John C. Woodbury, detail from a photo in Marvel's book, page 145, showing the sailor at a reunion of Kearsarge survivors in 1915.
|Fisherman's Memorial Statue, Gloucester, MA|
"They that go down to the sea in ships,
That do business in great waters;
These see the works of the Lord,
And his wonders in the deep."
|USS Kearsarge, 1862-1894|
|USS Kearsarge (BB-5), 1900-1920, the only U.S. battleship not named for a state.|
|USS Kearsarge (LHD-3), commissioned 1993|
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Thu April 12, 2012
Freeze warning for most of region; more crop damage
The National Weather Service has issued a freeze warning for much of the region. It is posted for Erie, Niagara, Chautauqua, Genesee and Orleans counties from midnight Thursday to 9 a.m. Friday.
The greatest coverage of freezing and subfreezing temperatures is expected overnight. Temperatures will dip into the upper 20’s away from the Lakes to the lower 30’s along the Lake Shores.
This will once again have an impact only the already budding fruit trees and other sensitive vegetation.
The milder weather that forced an early spring, with cooler night time temperatures, has endangered the local cherry crop.
This again will have an impact on the already budding fruit trees from early spring weather.
Jim Bittner of Singer Farms in the Niagara County town of Appleton explains that the damaging temperatures are destroying early buds on cherry trees.
"If the flower is frozen, where the seed would be developed in the flower, if that is frozen and dies, it won't produce fruit," said Bittner. "Most of the fruit that we produce in this area has to have a seed, and what you are basically doing is the frost kills the seed before it has a chance to get growing. That would mean there would be no crop for this year."
On tree fruit, there is only one set of flower buds.
"On tree fruit, you have one set of flower buds, and if you loose them, you are done for this year," said Bittner.
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WASHINGTON, DC—Forced to take desperate measures in a last-minute attempt to avert disaster and save the free world, President Clinton ordered top military scientists to inject his body with a highly unstable experimental growth serum Monday.
"Earth is threatened on every side by danger. We must act now to save humanity," Clinton said in a prepared statement prior to receiving the untested super-serum. "Our rapidly fragmenting societal infrastructure faces myriad crises: drugs in our streets, guns in our schools, economic collapse in Asia, military aggression in Europe, and global environmental destruction creating an unstoppable army of six-legged mutant frogs. If nothing is done, disaster is imminent."
"This experiment, risky as it is, is a gamble I cannot afford not to take," Clinton said. "It may be our only hope."
The serum, still considered "extremely dangerous" by Pentagon researchers, was originally developed as a means of creating the ultimate fighting machine of the future, but rejected when initial readings indicated that it was too unstable to test on human beings. Despite being warned of the potentially disastrous consequences, Clinton demanded to undergo the controversial procedure.
"It's the only way," Clinton said. "Someone has got to take the risk."
Strapped into a chair and surrounded by bleeping equipment and digital displays in a laboratory located beneath the city, at exactly midnight Clinton was injected with the serum known outside of Department Of Defense high command only by the code name "Project Proteus."
The injection took place as scheduled, despite the 11th-hour protests of the serum's creator, Dr. Emilio Zardoz.
"Don't do it, Mr. President! It hasn't been properly tested!" Zardoz shouted, bursting into the lab just as technicians moved toward Clinton with a syringe. "In the name of science, man—stop before it's too late!"
In the confusion, the military scientists hesitated, unsure of whether to proceed, but Clinton countermanded Zardoz's urgings.
"Inject the drug!" Clinton said. "That is a direct order from the president of the United States!" When his command was not immediately obeyed—exhibiting what the scientists later called "heroic determination against all odds"—the president struggled free of one of the straps, grabbed the syringe from a technician, and administered the injection himself.
"I tried to warn him," Zardoz later told reporters, wiping his brow with the sleeve of his lab coat. "God help me, what have I done? Has science birthed a benevolent superhuman champion to save us all—or an inhuman mutation?"
White House spokespersons acknowledge the great risk undertaken by Clinton, but insist that he made the decision because "he had no other choice."
"We admit that the Project Proteus superserum was extremely unstable, and still required extensive research before it could be ruled safe," press secretary Stephen Drachler said Tuesday morning. "Yet, as the president himself pointed out, that could have taken months, and there simply wasn't time. Our situation grows more grim with each passing moment."
Drachler continued: "The interest on the national debt continues to swell, causing Earth to spiral ever closer to the sun. Baron Milosevic, although defeated for now, may return unexpectedly in future episodes, augmented by a powerful new missile-equipped Serbi-Suit. Clinton had to act now, before his enemies in Congress, working in conjunction with the Squadron Of Evil, finally complete work on the dreaded Bureauchronic Ray."
Several White House associates, including Zardoz himself, had begged to undergo the injection in Clinton's place in order to protect the office of the president from potential side effects of bioplasmorphic mutation. They report that Clinton refused, maintaining a courageous, patriotic stoicism in the face of their emotional pleas.
"The people of this country elected me to do a job, and I can't turn my back on them," Clinton said. "This is my fight. I am the president, and the responsibility must come down to me and me alone."
The second Clinton injected himself with the glowing, bright-green substance, chaos and confusion engulfed the lab. Clinton began to uncontrollably convulse, bolts of electricity shot out of his eyes, and his head jerked backwards, every muscle in his body straining.
"Power! Power beyond all imagining!" Clinton shouted. "The tortures of the damned! The swirling abyss of the void! I gaze into the very eye of God!" All the computers in the room then simultaneously exploded, showering the president in sparks as he collapsed, unconscious.
Many political analysts have come forward to denounce Clinton's move as a "rash action."
"This scenario leaves many unanswered questions," said Harvard political-science professor F. Jacob Hinden. "Will the president mutate and become an evil 'Anti-Clinton'? Will his controversial environmental-clean-up and tax-reform initiatives continue to be blocked in the Senate? And meanwhile, back at H.Q., will Buddy's malfunctioning Negato-Collar render him permanently invisible?"
Clinton is currently under 24-hour supervision, with doctors waiting to see if the serum will infuse him with superpowers or kill him.
If all goes well, doctors say, the president is expected to develop supergenius brain capacity, enhanced reflexes and agility, and the power of flight. In the event the serum drives Clinton mad and he escapes to wreak havoc on innocents, the National Guard unit mobilized on the White House lawn has been ordered to shoot him on sight.
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Writers are often a bit neurotic, especially newbie writers who are still building their writing habits and developing their writing style.
We start by following the golden rule of writing: write. Write every day.
It’s not long before “writing every day” turns into “writing x amount of words every day”. That’s where sh** hits the fan. We stress ourselves out because we’re not writing as prolifically as other writers. I have a friend (great, great friend – love her lots) who can write thousands of words a day without breaking a sweat. There are some days where she will write almost 10K in a day.
Then there’s me.
I struggle to write 10K in a month, let alone in a day.
Surrounding ourselves with such amazing writers who can write a lot every day is a good thing. We strive to be at their level, to write thousands of words a day. However, there is a downside too. Sometimes, surrounding ourselves with these uber-writers makes us feel pretty bad about the pittance of words we struggled to get out.
Here’s the thing (and it’s easier said than done) – it is not about quantity.
STOP worrying about your word count. Don’t even look at it. If you can’t help but look at it, write in a program that doesn’t show you a word count or write in a notebook.
I promise you, you’ll write more than you’re used to when you learn to stop looking at the word count.
Your word count doesn’t matter – finishing the story is all that matters. You can add/delete words when you revise.
Speaking of revision…
Stop revising as you go.
Whether we like to admit it or not, a lot of writers (myself included) struggle with this. Those damn little red/green wiggles taunt us. We get ideas to change scenes we wrote 50 pages ago. We hit a wall in writing new stuff, so we go back to revise, hoping that in revising we will be inspired to write something new.
Sorry, but that’s rarely how it works.
Whatever program you use to write, there is probably a setting to turn off edits. Those squiggles will haunt you and taunt you until you gave and add dozens of new words/names to your dictionary fix all the spelling and change sentence structures.
Ignore the word count. Ignore the grammar. JUST WRITE.
It doesn’t matter if you write 50 words and they are all misspelled, as long as you write. And while you’re writing, write every day. Five minutes, twenty minutes or an hour – doesn’t matter how long, how much or how bad – just write.
Writing is the only way our stories will get finished. Worrying about our word counts and grammatical problems isn’t going to finish our story. Click-clacking at our keyboards, however…
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Mothers and daughters have a lot to talk about. That's how God designed it. A mother is her daughter's first role model, teacher, and friend, and she carries the responsibility of passing on to her daughter a legacy of biblical womanhood. Join mother-daughter team Carolyn Mahaney and Nicole Whitacre as they give you insights and suggestions on how to talk-really talk-to each other about what it means to become a godly woman. Tips and study questions make it easy for moms and their pre-teen and teenage daughters to read, share, discuss, and grow.
- Type: Paperback ()
- Category: Books > Family Concerns
- ISBN / UPC: 9781581345100/1581345100
- Publish Date: 3/1/2005
- Item No: 116087
- Vendor: Crossway Books/ Good News Publishers
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« Submission Guide for Online Law Review Supplements, Version 2.0 (9/30/2009), Now Available On SSRN | Main | Avoiding The Google Mistrial: Story Reveals Measures Oklahoma Judge Has Taken In Light Of New Technologies »
September 30, 2009
Analog Rules In A Digital Age: Nigeria Seeks To Amend Its Evidence Act To Allow Admissibility Of Electronic Evidence
Here in the United States, there have been several major amendments to the Federal Rules of Evidence since they were became effective in 1975. Conversely, since its enactment 64 years ago, Nigeria's Evidence Act has only been subject to three minor amendments. The Nigerian government recently realized that, without more significant amendments, some of its evidentiary rules have become analog rules in a digital age. That might be about to change.
Currently, Nigeria's Evidence Act "does not recognize any computer generated document as either primary or secondary evidence in court." This is contrary to the practice in many countries, such as the United States, which have recognized the indispensability and ubiquity of computer technology and made computer generated documents admissible under their rules of evidence. This, and other evidentiary anachronisms led Senator Sola Akinyede to claim that "the bottom line is that today our evidence law is anachronistic and obsolete and totally out of touch with global reality."
That may, however, all change soon. A bill seeking to amend the Evidence Act to allow the admissibility of electronic evidence in Nigerian courts passed through its second reading at the Senate yesterday. Under that bill, inter alia, the word "document" would include electronic records, the phrase "bankers books" would include electronic records, writings and recordings, and the word "original" would include computer printouts. It will be interesting to see whether Nigeria ends up enacting these changes in whole or in part as there might be some changes that would be beneficial to add to our own rules of evidence.
September 30, 2009 | Permalink
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Listed below are links to weblogs that reference Analog Rules In A Digital Age: Nigeria Seeks To Amend Its Evidence Act To Allow Admissibility Of Electronic Evidence:
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Austrian manufacturing town, in the province of Moravia. Probably its earliest Jewish settlement dated from the latter half of the fifteenth century, when exiles from Olmütz found a refuge there (1454). Up to the time when the restriction on the freedom of residence of Jews in Austria was removed, Prossnitz was the second largest congregation in Moravia, numbering 328 families (see Familianten Gesetz). The congregation first emerged from obscurity in the beginning of the seventeenth century, when Simḥah ben Gershon Rapoport printed there a collection of Sabbath hymns ("Ḳol Simḥah," 1602). The printing-press, however, did not exist very long, nor did it produce any works of consequence. Of the rabbis who have officiated in Prossnitz the following are known: Gershon Ashkenazi (c. 1650); Meïr Eisenstadt (Ash; c. 1700); Nahum (Nehemias) Trebitsch (until 1830); Löw Schwab (1830-36); Hirsch B. Fassel (1836-53); Adolf Schmiedl (1853-69); Emil Hoff (1870-97); L. Goldschmied (since 1897).
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries Prossnitz was the center of the Shabbethaian heresy, notably because of the influence of Löbele of Prossnitz. In the first half of the nineteenth century the town became the center of the educational and Reform movement in the province. Löw Schwab was the first German preacher in Moravia, and his successor, Hirsch B. Fassel, worked for the progress of education, the reform of religious services, and the encouragement of manual industry. He also petitioned Emperor Ferdinand in the interest of the political emancipation of the Jews. Through the activity of the Jews Prossnitz has become an industrial center for the manufacture of clothing and calico. The fact that the Jews have always sided with the small German minority of the city's population against the Slavic majority has often produced friction.
Prossnitz had many Talmudic scholars. Moses Sofer, who lived there about 1790, conducted a yeshibah; and during the first half of the nineteenth century Moses Katz Wannefried presided over a large yeshibah which numbered Adolf Jellinck among its pupils. Of Jewish scholars and other well-known persons born in Prossnitz, Moritz Steinschneider, Moritz Eisler, Gideon Brecher, and Louis Schnabel of New York may be mentioned. Among the prominent Orthodox rabbis who were natives of Prossnitz were Daniel Prosṭiẓ Steinschneider of Presburg, and Menahem Katz, rabbi of Deutsch-Kreuz, for years the recognized leader of Hungarian Orthodoxy. A number of artists and scholars were born at Prossnitz, as the pianist Brüll.
Prossnitz has a synagogue, dedicated in 1904, a bet ha-midrash, founded by Veit Ehrenstamm, and numerous foundations for charitable purposes. The former Jewish school was made a public school in 1868, but is still largely attended by Jewish pupils. The town of Prossnitz has a population of 24,000, of whom 1,680 are Jews (1900).
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Embroidered banner borders (Textiles - Room 98, Case 3)
Late Tang to Five dynasties, 800-900 AD
Twill damask in silk, satin and couching embroidery
Width 4.9 cm x height 17.5 cm
Museum no. LOAN:STEIN.600 (Ch.00347)
On loan from Government of India and the Archaeological Survey of India
Four fragments of this embroidered black twill damask were found in Cave 17, of which one is now in the British Museum. The main motifs of half-florets are properly finished and follow the original folding. They are arranged alternately along the sides of the band, those on one side being edged with a 0.1 cm wide paper strip covered with gold leaf. Those on the opposite side are treated similarly, but with silver instead of gold leaf. It is clear that the embroidery was designed for specific use as the motifs form a band, and it is likely that they once formed part of a banner head.
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It is not often that a sermon gets to me. This could be because most sermons, while they may be very well written and passionately delivered, have topics that hit my snooze button. Occasionally though I hear a sermon that does resonate. Even more rarely, I hear one that chimes all my bells. Such was the case last Sunday when the Reverend Dennis Daniel (co-minister at the Unitarian Universalist Church in Reston that I attend) gave a sermon entitled Footprints, Bootprints and Tireprints… If you have the time, please read it. It deserves a much wider audience than the couple hundred people who heard it in person.
Rev. Daniel articulated the real tradeoffs required to seriously address global warming. I am all for replacing incandescent lights with fluorescent or LED lights. Nevertheless, if this is how we intend to respond to global warming we might as well try to bail out the Titanic with a teacup. Not only is global warming a real problem, it is much, much worse of a problem than we are really prepared to think about.
Perhaps it is best to stay in denial. At least if you stay in denial you can leverage hope. I do not wish to sound like the problem is completely hopeless. However, given our current culture and our human dynamics, to soberly address global warming it will take a seismic shift in attitudes the likes of which have never occurred in human history. Perhaps all it will take is to have a few atolls submerged by rising seas for the worldwide consensus to become overwhelming. However, given our human history it is much more likely that the challenges of global warming will be manifest in massive migrations, war and pestilence. I suppose that if we were to engage in enough global genocide we could seriously reduce our carbon footprint. Dead men are carbon neutral.
The Rev. Daniel nailed it. In his sermon, he suggests that if we could regress our lifestyle to 1950 (with its requisite population) then maybe we could get a handle on global warming. In 1950 because our expectations and salaries were modest, instead of having two or three cars, we felt fortunate to have one. That was all most families could afford. Our electricity needs were similarly downsized. Lacking air conditioning, we got by on fans. Books and a radio were our entertainment. We got most of our produce locally because it was too expensive to ship it from far away places. It was easier to survive without a car because we tended to live either in well-connected cities or in smaller villages.
Could Americans revert to such a lifestyle again? I am dubious but I notice one other telling statistic. In 1950, the population in the United States was about 150 million. In a little more than fifty years, we have doubled our population. To have the same carbon footprint we had in 1950 not only would we have to radically downsize our lives, but also we would have to kill one out of every two of us. Umm, you first.
That is not going to happen of course. We will address global warming by tackling the relatively easy stuff first. Changing out light bulbs is the easiest. We will work at creating more energy efficient cars and appliances, and there is a lot we can do to make our homes more insulated. Solar energy and wind power is there for the taking too. There is promising research that suggests that solar panels can be made as cheap per kilowatt-hour as power generated from coal burning power plants. All this will require a massive amount of reinvestment and research. Instead of using teacups to bail water out of the Titanic, we might be using pails instead. The ship though will still go down rather quickly.
Many of us think we can resolve our guilt by being “carbon neutral”. In case you are not familiar with the term, some speciously claim they can buy enough offsets to compensate for their carbon addicted modern lifestyles. Typical offsets include funding organizations that plant new trees. As the Rev. Daniel points out, this really does little to address global warming either. It is not that we cannot replace the carbon dioxide for our jet trip to Portugal elsewhere. It is just that our real carbon footprint is far bigger than this.
Consider the carbon burned just to get a newspaper to your door. The whole newsprint supply chain is carbon intensive. Of course, it is but one example. Every convenience of modern society brings with it its carbon footprint. Just writing this blog entry, I am consuming carbon, because my computer is using something like 200 watts of power. In some coal-burning power plant a couple hundred miles from here, some chunk of coal is being incinerated so I can post this online.
To be carbon neutral as a society, massive changes are required. Everything in our supply chain must be reengineered to minimize its carbon footprint. Of course we are unlikely to get rid of the carbon altogether. If we are extraordinarily lucky, we may squeeze 30% to 50% of the carbon out of our manufacturing and distribution processes over the next 50 years.
However, all this efficiency reduces, but does not eliminate, the carbon required to run our modern society. Yet this alone means nothing as long as population growth increases. I have seen a number of studies that say the Earth can sustain no more than a billion humans without it having a negative carbon impact on the planet. In short, 5 out of 6 of us need to be planted six feet under, and arguably those of us in first world countries should be the first to be planted.
What we need is for all countries to reduce their population growth, but especially in first world countries, which produce a disproportionate amount of the carbon causing climate change. China seemed to be on the right track when it limited family sizes to three. However, it is currently engaged in its own frantic plan to become a first world nation, and its carbon footprint is becoming huge. It is hardly alone.
What is the likelihood that humanity can peacefully come together, agree to reduce its population, aggressively move toward carbon neutral technologies, end deforestation and peacefully figure out how to spend generations in a negative growth cycle? Sure, it can be done with enough will. Will we get that kind of will? If past behavior is a predictor of the future, our chances are slim to none.
To end global warming means that each generation should expect to have fewer opportunities and less comfort than the previous generation. It is a depressing prospect, and hardly the sort of scenario that inspires us toward hope. Instead, we will likely choose selfishness and convenience. We will choose it because we can. Let someone else be carbon neutral, is what we will decide. We will take measured steps toward being carbon neutral, but if it involves more than a modicum of pain (and God forbid that it raises our taxes), it will become politically unacceptable.
I have a fantasy that I am carbon neutral. My roof and backyard are covered with solar cells. I have an enormously tall windmill in my backyard that generates electricity too. With these steps, my energy efficient windows and my insulated walls I am all set and guilt free.
Except that I still would need to get to market to buy food. I could not grow it all in my backyard. I would still need to see doctors. I would still need to get to my job. I am fortunate enough where I can bike to work and I could even walk to work if required. I doubt all these things would be enough. I would still need someone to haul away my garbage. If I still had a child in school, she would need a way to get there. I would still need to buy clothes and appliances. All of that takes infrastructure. If it can all be made carbon neutral, it is many generations away.
For me what it comes down to is that at some level to be an environmentalist you have to hate your own species. The reality is that modern man is incompatible with the Earth. We are driven to destroy it. Our selfishness may in turn destroy us and much of life as we know it on this planet. When we go the way of the dinosaurs, perhaps the Earth will become carbon neutral again.
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Sunday, in excavating my desk in search of a lost object, I found, not the lost object (that came later) but an unopened envelope that had been buried under the detritus for more than a week, maybe two. In the envelope were notes written by hand, in ink, with a pen on the kind of paper you want to rub softly between your thumb and forefinger, even sniff. It is not the kind of paper that your printer or copying machine spits out.
It’s a small band, those of us who care about paper and fountain pens, but it is large enough to have kept Fahrney’s, which sells both, in business in Washington, DC, for more than eighty years. Of course, eighty years ago there were no ballpoint, felt-tip, roller-ball or any other such pens that I know of. If you needed to use a pen, and most everyone did, it was either a metal-nibbed version of the quill or a fountain pen. The alternative was a pencil, and that was used for arithmetic.
In college I and many others took notes with an Esterbrook, a good, cheap pen that disappeared in an avalanche of Bics some years back. But Fahrney’s didn’t. It adapted to changing times and now is nationally known for its fine pens (at fine prices, one might add) and for its pen doctor, who repairs the precious objects they sell. If you ever visit the shop, you’ll understand what I mean by “precious objects.” It looks a lot more like Tiffany’s than Office Depot and gives off that high-end hush usually reserved for old churches and the salons of purveyors of rare gems.
Many years ago I bought a Mont Blanc there, when it was a small shop and before George Will appeared in Newsweek with one in his pocket, for a small fraction of the price they sell for today. If I remember correctly, it cost me less than forty dollars. I still have it. When I read the note uncovered in my dig, its luxuriously leisurely quality—the pen, the paper, the ink, the hand, and the words, of course—told me that a reply in kind would be only fitting and proper.
So I searched for an appropriate note paper. I found something I’d picked up in Italy when I could afford to go to Italy and buy their papers, which cost an arm and a leg, by the way. The box had never been opened. I must have been operating under the same principle as those women (they were always women; it was not a man’s business) who never used the “good” china because it was too good to use. It’s comparable to keeping the cellophane on the lampshades but a notch or two above on the social ladder.
Boldly I broke the seal, picked up my pen, redolent of the wealth and power I so sorely lack, and responded in kind. I hadn’t written a note like that in years, partly to spare the recipient the pain of my handwriting but also because e-mail and the computer have replaced notes and tangible letters-in-the-hand in my life. I use a pen for condolence notes, of which there have been blessedly few lately, and for writing in my notebooks, nothing else. (I used to use it for signing books but there hasn’t been one of those in a long time. Soon though.)
I call them notebooks because “journal” sounds too grand, too important (and when used as a verb sets my teeth on edge) and they’re more than a “diary.” I associate “diary” with high school girls writing “Dear Diary” in one of those little books that locked. They probably don’t do that any more, texting and tweeting having taken over their world and the concept of privacy a quaint and distant memory.
I got started with my notebooks when the lilting Irish writer and the New Yorker’s “Long-Winded Lady” Maeve Brennan sent me an Eye-Ease National 53-210 notebook the day after lunch with her and Howard Moss, poetry editor at the magazine, in the Algonquin one hot summer day in 1968. “Use it,” she said. The tone was imperative. I took it home, put it on a shelf.
The notebook stared at me, unopened, for a year until at the end of another hot day the following summer I did finally open it and write, with a ball-point pen, I might add. And I’ve been doing it ever since, not every day—there’ve been lapses, some long, some short—but enough days to fill thirty-two of them. (I’ll write about that another time.) I tried but failed to find another Eye-Ease National 53-210. I moved on to other notebooks, and other pens until I found the Mont Blanc, an anachronism, perhaps, but I like it.
I remain grateful to Maeve Brennan for starting me on the notebook thing and to Howard Moss for bringing us together. I’m grateful to Fahrney’s, too, for putting the pen in my hand.
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- FOCUS ON REGIONS
- ACTIVIST IMAGES
Written by Andrew Puhanic
Published on Tuesday, February 5th, 2013
However, eight months since the carbon tax was introduced, it has been revealed that the Australian carbon tax is now responsible for a 14.5 per cent increase in energy costs for Australian businesses.
Unfortunately though, the food producers of Australia are the ones who have suffered the most since the carbon tax was introduced. Since the carbon tax was introduced, 90 per cent of food manufacturers have reported a cost increase.
In fact, a survey of 500 firms by the Australian Industry Group revealed that half of the respondents experienced an immediate impact on the cost of production inputs when the carbon tax was introduced on July 1, with 61 per cent of manufacturing businesses noting rising prices.
The survey conducted by the Australian Industry Group also revealed:
The Australian carbon tax has impacted directly on the energy costs of Australian businesses by an average of 14.5 per cent since July 2012.
57 per cent of clothing and footwear manufacturers have reported an increase in energy costs, however only 33 per cent have passed the additional costs onto consumers.
Pressures from a strong Australian dollar, rising labour costs and the direct and indirect impacts of the prolonged contraction in construction will eventually lead to high prices for consumers in Australia.
This latest evidence of how carbon taxes are impacting on the cost of doing business comes at a time when the United States government is considering to implement a carbon tax.
Al Gore, climate change advocate and supporter of population reduction, has added fuel to the debate by praising the Australian Government for its efforts to force Australian taxpayers to succumb to paying carbon taxes.
Mr Gore praised the Australian Governments “courage and vision”. Also, the Washington Post recently stated that the best action that the United States Government could take to tackle climate change was via a carbon tax.
For Australia, the good news is that there is still a chance that the carbon tax could be revoked. Recently, the leader of the Opposition revealed that his party promised to scrap the carbon tax if his party were to be elected at the coming September 2013 election.
Unfortunately though, In the United States, 93% of Democrats and 66% of Republican voters now support a carbon tax.
However, In light of the emerging facts from Australia about how carbon taxes impact on the cost of doing business and the cost of living, more needs to be done to expose the pro-carbon tax lobbyists and their propaganda.
To read the full report published by the Australian Industry Group, click here.
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For Patients: Medical Imaging Safety
Medical X-rays are used in many types of examinations and procedures. Some examples include
- X-ray radiography (to find orthopedic damage, tumors, pneumonias, foreign objects, etc);
- Mammography (to image the internal structures of breasts)
- CT (computed tomography) (to produce cross-sectional images of the body)
- Fluoroscopy (to dynamically visualize the body for example to see where to remove plaque from coronary arteries or where to place stents to keep those arteries open)
- Radiation therapy in cancer treatment.
In addition, many industries and institutions use X-rays:
- To examine constructed materials.
- To conduct sample analyses.
- For security purposes such as baggage screening.
Risks of X-Rays
X-rays can help detect diseases and health conditions but they also have a small potential to harm living tissue. The most significant risks are:
- A small increase in the possibility that a person exposed to X-rays will develop cancer later in life; and
- Cataracts and skin burns at very high levels of radiation exposure.
The risk of developing cancer from radiation exposure is generally small and depends on at least three factors — the amount of radiation dose, the age at exposure, and the sex of the person exposed:
- The lifetime risk of cancer increases the larger the dose and the more X-ray exams a patient undergoes.
- The lifetime risk of cancer is larger for a patient who received X-rays at a younger age than for one who receives them at an older age.
- Women are at a somewhat higher lifetime risk than men for developing radiation-associated cancer after receiving the same exposures at the same ages.
Help Protect Your Health
To help protect your health:
- Be sure to tell the doctor or technologist if you are, or might be, pregnant before having an exam.
- Don’t insist on an imaging exam if the doctor explains there is no need for it.
- Don’t refuse an imaging exam if there’s a clear need for it and the clinical benefit outweighs the small radiation risk.
- My Medical Imaging History (U.S. Food and Drug Administration - FDA): Use this handy record to track your medical imaging history.
- X-Rays, Pregnancy and You (U.S. Food and Drug Administration - FDA)
- Radiation and Pregnancy: A Fact Sheet for the Public (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC)
- For Parents: Image Gently Website (The Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging)
- Nuclear Scans (Medline Plus: National Institutes of Health - NIH)
For more information, please contact us at (803) 545-4400.
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Since beginning his career in 1983, Spike Lee has produced 35 films that focus on race relations, poverty and other cultural and political issues. His film "Do the Right Thing" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay in 1989. In 1997, Lee's documentary "4 Little Girls" was nominated for the Best Feature Documentary Academy Award. —XFINITY Entertainment Staff
(AP Photo/Henny Ray Abrams)
The opinions expressed are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Comcast.
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Historic Scotland is contributing to the government’s strategy to tackle climate change and reduce Scotland’s carbon footprint whilst maintaining prosperity.
We are playing an important part in the government’s Greener Scotland strategic objective to improve Scotland’s natural and built environment and the sustainable use and enjoyment of it.
Our role in climate change
How climate change is affecting the historic environment
A Climate Change Action Plan for Historic Scotland 2012-2017.
What do you believe are the most important green issues? What you would like from a climate change website?
Please email us your suggestions.
Read and follow our Climate Change Blog with Ewan Hyslop
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|Introduction | Nikon AF Nikkor 20mm f/2.8D | Nikon AF Nikkor 28mm f/2.8D | Nikon AF Nikkor 35mm f/2D | Nikon AF Nikkor 85mm f/1.8D|
“Nikonists” still highly appreciate the AF-D-series lenses, all of which appeared in 1994. (Nikon usually adds the “D” after the aperture, as in “50mm f/1.4D AF,” rather than “50mm f/1.4 AF-D,” but both refer to the same lenses.)
One of the main limitation of these lenses is the absence of an integrated motorized autofocus. But they are compatible with motor-equipped Nikon DSLRs, such as the Nikon D3x. Further, in contrast to the more recent AF-G-series lenses, the AF-Ds have an aperture ring.
Out of curiosity as to why they remain popular to this day, let’s just take a quick look at a performance analysis of the following lenses and see what kinds of DxOMark scores they achieve:
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Automated Weather Alerts Roll Out to Cell Phones
May 16, 2012
Starting this month, a new type of text message may be delivered to your phone and it’s not one you want to ignore.
The Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) service is free and will be rolled out to more than 97% of wireless users this month.
|Beginning this month, most cell phone users will begin receiving special text messages warning them of life threatening weather conditions, Amber Alerts, and Presidential Alerts for national emergencies.
Alerts will be issued for life-threatening events such as tornadoes, hurricanes, flash floods, tsunamis, dust storms, high winds, blizzards, and ice storms.
The best thing about this service is the text messages are location based – not based on your billing address – so if you’re travelling and a weather threat is imminent, you’ll still receive the warning based on the location of your phone.
According to a report from USA Today
, a National Weather Service
spokesperson described the reports as “very brief, under 90 characters.” The alerts are “intended to prompt people to immediately seek additional information through the wide range of weather alert communications available to them,” the spokesperson added, “such as the Internet, television, radio, or NOAA Weather Radio.”
The alerts will be used specifically for weather warnings, where threatening weather is occurring or imminent. Alerts will not be issued under the WEA service for watches or advisories.
WEA can also be used for urgent alerts such as Amber Alerts and Presidential Alerts for national emergencies.
According to USA Today, Amy Storey, spokeswoman for CTIA – The Wireless Associataion, said wireless carriers participating in the program include: AT&T, Cellcom, Cricket, Sprint-NEXTEL, T-Mobile, US Cellular, and Verizon Wireless.
According to the CTIA, the WEA service uses a different technology that is not subject to congestion or wireless network delays. Messages are distributed to a targeted, geographic area, which are then transmitted using cellular towers within the targeted area.
|The new Wireless Emergency Alerts will be geographically based, meaning you'll receive timely warnings based on your current location. Photo credit: istockphoto
Under previously available commercial applications, cell phone users could subscribe to alert notifications; however, they were often subject to pre-determined locations or a billing address.
Under the WEA service, a cell phone user from Pennsylvania could receive a tornado warning for Kansas if he or she were in the targeted area.
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Msheireb Properties, Qatar’s leading sustainable real estate developer, is introducing more environmentally responsible concrete in the construction of its flagship development, the QR20 billion Msheireb Downtown Doha project.
The project now operates an on-site concrete batching plant, which is one of the most environmentally efficient of its type in the region, using cement mixes that consume significantly less energy and produce fewer harmful emissions.
The ‘green concrete’ produced at Msheireb’s now fully operational batching plant reduces emissions by using recycled materials as a substitute for cement. Ground-granulated blast-furnace slag, known as GGBS or ‘fly ash’, a by-product of iron and steel making, replaces up to 70 per cent of conventional cement in the concrete mixing process. GGBS-based concrete is also stronger than ordinary concrete and emits less heatwhile curing.
With construction of Msheireb Downtown Doha now well underway and concrete being poured around the clock, the environmental benefits of the new batching plant are considerable.
“Msheireb Downtown Doha aims to be sustainable both in its construction and operation. That is why we are prioritising investments in the most advanced and environmentally friendly building techniques,” said Mohammed Al-Marri, Chief Officer – Design and Delivery at Msheireb Properties.
“The project’s new batching facility is another example of the stringent environmental standards we are applying to the development of one of the world’s largest urban sustainable regeneration projects.”
Cement manufacture is generally energy intensive producing large amounts of carbon dioxide. Cement production globally is responsible for around five per cent of all greenhouse gas emissions, a figure set to rise in line with dramatic population growth and urban development.
Locating the new batching plant at the Msheireb Downtown Doha construction site also saves fuel in the transportation of labour and raw materials, and reduces the need for cooling to maintain concrete at a stable temperature during summertime transportation and pouring.
Compared with making 100 round trips per day to the nearest concrete batching plant, located 25 kilometres from Doha, the new facility will slash the distance travelled by supply trucks by nearly half, from 3.9million kilometres per year to 1.4 million kilometres per year, and reducing vehicle CO2 emissions by 4,551 metric tonnes per year or equivalent to 750 passenger vehicles consuming 1,759,470 litres of gasoline.
Preliminary calculation indicate that upon completion, expected energy and water reduction in the Msheireb Downtown Doha project will reduce carbon dioxide emissions by as much as 110,000 metric tons of CO2 per year compared with the carbon emissions of a conventional urban development of a similar size. That is equal to the annual greenhouse gas emissions of 18,277 passenger vehicles consuming 42,877,121 litres of gasoline.
You must be logged in to post a comment.
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Your body has a great deal to do during pregnancy. Sometimes the changes taking place will cause irritation or discomfort, and on occasions they may seem quite alarming. There is rarely any need for alarm but you should mention anything that is worrying you to your maternity team.
If you think something may be seriously wrong, trust your own judgement and get in touch with your midwife or doctor straight away. This page offers information on some of the more common problems – click on the links below.
You may become constipated very early in pregnancy because of the hormonal changes in your body. Constipation can mean that you are not passing stools (faeces) as often as you normally do, you have to strain more than usual or you are unable to completely empty your bowels.
Constipation can also cause your stools to be unusually hard, lumpy, large or small.
There are a few things you can do to help prevent constipation. These include:
- eat foods that are high in fibre, such as wholemeal breads, wholegrain cereals, fruit and vegetables, and pulses such as beans and lentils (find out more about healthy eating in pregnancy)
- exercise regularly to keep your muscles toned (find out more about exercise in pregnancy)
- drink plenty of water
- avoid iron supplements as they can make you constipated – ask your doctor if you can manage without them or change to a different type
You can find out more about the symptoms of constipation and treatment of constipation, including the safe use of laxatives during pregnancy.
Cramp in pregnancy
Cramp is a sudden, sharp pain, usually in your calf muscles or feet. It is most common at night. Nobody really knows what causes it, but there are some ideas about causes of cramp and why it can occur in pregnancy.
Regular, gentle exercise in pregnancy, particularly ankle and leg movements, will improve your circulation and may help to prevent cramp occurring. Try these foot exercises:
- bend and stretch your foot vigorously up and down 30 times
- rotate your foot eight times one way and eight times the other way
- repeat with the other foot
How to ease cramp
It usually helps if you pull your toes hard up towards your ankle or rub the muscle hard. You can find out more about treatment of cramp, but remember always to consult your midwife, GP or pharmacist before taking painkillers in pregnancy. See Can I take paracetamol when I'm pregnant?
Faintness in pregnancy
Pregnant women often feel faint. This is because of hormonal changes occurring in your body during pregnancy. Fainting happens if your brain is not getting enough blood and therefore not enough oxygen.
You are most likely to feel faint if you stand too quickly from a chair or out of a bath, but it can also happen when you are lying on your back. You can find out more about causes of fainting.
Avoiding feeling faint
Here are some tips to help you cope:
- try to get up slowly after sitting or lying down
- if you feel faint when standing still, find a seat quickly and the faintness should pass – if it doesn’t, lie down on your side
- if you feel faint while lying on your back, turn on your side
It’s better not to lie flat on your back in later pregnancy or during labour. Find out more about the symptoms that might mean you're going to faint, such as a sudden, clammy sweat, ringing in your ears and fast, deep breathing. You can also find out about treating faintness, including what to do to help someone who is about to faint.
Feeling hot in pregnancy
During pregnancy you’re likely to feel warmer than normal. This is due to hormonal changes and an increase in blood supply to the skin. You’re also likely to sweat more. It helps if you:
- wear loose clothing made of natural fibres, as these are more absorbent and breathe more than synthetic fibres
- keep your room cool – you could use an electric fan to cool it down
- wash frequently to help you feel fresh
You can find the answers to lots of common pregnancy questions, such as can I take paracetamol during pregnancy?
Incontinence is a common problem, and it can affect you during and after pregnancy. Sometimes pregnant women are unable to prevent a sudden spurt of urine or a small leak when they cough, laugh or sneeze, or when they move suddenly, or just get up from a sitting position. This may be temporary, because the pelvic floor muscles (the muscles around the bladder) relax slightly to prepare for the baby's delivery. You can find out more about the causes of incontinence and preventing incontinence. You can help to prevent incontinence by doing pelvic floor exercises.
Some women have more severe incontinence and find that they cannot help wetting themselves.
When to get help
In many cases incontinence is curable. If you have got a problem, talk to your midwife, doctor or health visitor. You could also call the confidential Bladder and Bowel Foundation helpline on 0845 345 0165, Monday to Friday, 9.30am to 1pm. The Bladder and Bowel Foundation provides a factsheet on how to do pelvic floor exercises (PDF, 663kb).
Urinating a lot in pregnancy
Needing to urinate (pass water, or pee) often may start in early pregnancy. Sometimes it continues throughout pregnancy. In later pregnancy it is the result of the baby’s head pressing on your bladder.
How to reduce the need to pass urine
If you find that you need to get up in the night to pass urine, try cutting out drinks in the late evening. But make sure you drink plenty of non-alcoholic, caffeine-free drinks during the day. Later in pregnancy, some women find it helps to rock backwards and forwards while they are on the toilet. This lessens the pressure of the womb on the bladder so that you can empty it properly.
When to get help
If you have any pain while passing water or you pass any blood in your urine, you may have a urine infection, which will need treatment. Drink plenty of water to dilute your urine and reduce pain. You should contact your GP within 24 hours of first noticing these symptoms. You can find out more about:
Don't take any medicines without asking your midwife, doctor or pharmacist whether they are safe in pregnancy.
Skin and hair changes
Hormonal changes taking place in pregnancy will make your nipples and the area around them go darker. Your skin colour may also darken a little, either in patches or all over.
Birthmarks, moles and freckles may also darken. Some women develop a dark line down the middle of their stomach. These changes will gradually fade after the baby is born, although your nipples may remain a little darker.
If you sunbathe while you are pregnant, you may find you burn more easily. Protect your skin with a high-factor sunscreen and don’t stay in the sun for a long time. Find out more about keeping skin safe in the sun.
Sunlight is a source of vitamin D. Find out more about vitamin D in pregnancy.
Hair growth can also increase in pregnancy, and your hair may be greasier. After the baby is born, it may seem as if you are losing a lot of hair but you are simply losing the extra hair.
Varicose veins are veins that have become swollen. The veins in the legs are most commonly affected. You can also get varicose veins in the vulva (vaginal opening). They usually get better after the birth.
If you have varicose veins you should:
- try to avoid standing for long periods of time
- try not to sit with your legs crossed
- try not to put on too much weight as this increases the pressure
- sit with your legs up as often as you can, to ease the discomfort
- try support tights, which may also help to support your leg muscles – you can buy them at most pharmacies
- try sleeping with your legs higher than the rest of your body – use pillows under your ankles or put books under the foot of your bed
- do foot exercises and other antenatal exercises, such as walking and swimming, which will all help your circulation
Try these foot exercises:
- bend and stretch your foot up and down 30 times
- rotate your foot eight times one way and eight times the other
- repeat with the other foot
Find out more about preventing varicose veins.
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White Lion cub portrait.
White LIon Cub.
Canon 500D and Zoom lens.
The white lion is occasionally found in wildlife reserves in South Africa and is a rare colour mutation of the Kruger subspecies of lion (Panthera leo krugeri). It has been perpetuated by selective breeding in zoos around the world. White lions are not yet a separate subspecies and they have been said to be indigenous to the Timbavati region of South Africa for centuries, although the earliest recorded sighting in this region was 1938. Regarded as divine by locals, white lions first came to public attention in the 1970s in Chris McBride’s book “The White Lions of Timbavati”. Up until 2009, when the first pride of white lions was reintroduced to the wild, it was widely believed that the white lion could not survive in the wild. It is for this reason that, now, a large part of the population of white lions are in zoos. Another large part, however, are bred in camps, for canned hunting trophies.
It is hard to determine exactly how many white lions there are today, because they are held in captive breeding and hunting operations which don’t keep adequate records. Based on available evidence, The Global White Lion Protection Trust estimate there are 500 White Lions world-wide.
White lions are not albinos. Their white colour is caused by a recessive gene known as the chutiya or color inhibitor gene, distinct from the albinism gene. They vary from blonde through near-white. This coloration, however, does not appear to disadvantage their survival. The white lions of the Global White Lion Protection Trust (GWLPT) have been reintroduced into their natural habitat and have been hunting and breeding successfully without human intervention for a significant amount of time. White lions in South Africa are currently being bred almost exclusively for hunting, but Linda Tucker (the founder of GWLP) and author of “The Mystery of the White Lions” and her team are trying to change the South African hunting laws.
These cubs were photographed in a reserve just out of Johannesburg, South Africa.
All lions are classified as endangered.
(Featured in Amazing Challenge Entertainment.)
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This page will provide links to a variety of website types ranging from bibliographies, to digital collections and on-line documents, to agricultural context and digitized state surveys. The following are merely samples of the sorts of entries that will be included.The links are not yet operational but will be made so in the near future.
Full-Text Agricultural Collections
Cornell University Core Historic Literature of Agriculture.
This collection of books and periodicals, digitized from the incomparable collections of Mann Library, is the best on-line full-text source of historic agricultural literature. Due to copyright restrictions, downloaded of entire publications is not permitted.
Kansas State University Extension Service.
KSU maintains a large collection of historic agricultural extension publications on the Web.
National Agricultural Library.
The federal agricultural library, located in Beltsville, Maryland, maintains a very useful website including some full-text sources (largely historic USDA publications).
University of North Texas Digital Collections.
As part of a larger effort to digitize all of its historic federal government publications in its library, UNT has digitized most of the USDA Farmers' Bulletins (a very useful source). Unfortunately, as with Cornell, the entire document may not be downloaded.
State Agricultural Contexts
This context, prepared under contract by New South Associates, Inc., is available for download on the Georgia State Historic Preservation Office website.
The most comprehensive available state context, this multi-volume study was prepared under contract with the Minnesota State historic Preservataion Office and the Minnesota Department of Transportation.
This on-line context is based on a study of Pennsylvania agriculture undertaken by Penn State faculty member Sally McMurry. It is arranged by region.
Agricultural Building Plans
North Dakota State University
NDSU has the most comprehensive collection of agricultural building plans for download incliuding large numbers prepared by the Midwest Plan Service.
Midwest Plan Service
Because older MWPS building plans are available on other websites, this website concentrates on more current plans.
University of Tennessee
. A large collection of plans, many from MWPS.
Digitized Collections of Agricultural Photographs
Virginia Tech Image Base.
Large number of historic photos, many from the VT Extension Service.
HABS Collection from the Library of Congress.
Subject searching in this incomparable collection will yield large numbers of large format photos of barns and other outbuildings available for high-resolution download.
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Hi, while I was getting his older brother ready for preschool yesterday morning, my 19 month old fell and hit his face really hard on the train table. His upper lip was swollen and bleeding, and when I lifted it up, I saw to my horror a deep horizontal cut right above his top two teeth, which tore through his upper frenulum in a very messy way. The cut was so deep it looked like a chunk of flesh was missing. It was bleeding a lot and I immediately took him to the dentist. The dentist told me that his teeth looked intact, were not loose, and that there was nothing that could be done with the cut other than to let it heal on its own. He reassured me that it was very unlikely any nerves were damaged given the tightness of the teeth and to just come back in a week for followup. Last night, instead of brushing his teeth, I lifted up his still swollen upper lip gently and with a syringe filled with water and xylitol, flushed out the cut area before putting him to sleep (he cried when I did this). My heart sank all over again when I saw just how deep the cut was and how mutilated the area looked right above his teeth. I just can't imagine the area healing up fully since it looks like such a gaping wound with deep indentation. Do any of you have any experience with this type of damage to the gums? Did it fully heal? What you did you do, if anything, to help it heal properly? Thank you so much.
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Gingrich Makes Prejudice Suggestion for Black People on Food Stamps to "Demand Paychecks," is Blasted by NAACP
The GOP presidential candidates are becoming more comfortable trafficking in stereotypes when it comes to African-Americans and welfare benefits. Surprise Iowa frontrunner Rick Santorum recently declared (and later denied) that “I don’t want to make black people’s lives better by giving them somebody else’s money; I want to give them the opportunity to go out and earn the money.” The NAACP blasted Santorum for “inaccurate and outrageous” remarks that “lifts up old race-based stereotypes about public assistance.”
Yesterday in New Hampshire, another GOP presidential hopeful offered his own take. Consistently slamming President Obama as “the best food stamp president in history,” Newt Gingrich tried to paint himself as a more desirable alternative to town hall attendees, insisting he’d be “the best paycheck president in American history.” Singling out African-Americans, Gingrich declared that he’d attend the NAACP just to tell African-Americans why they should “not be satisfied with food stamps”:
GINGRICH: More people are on food stamps today because of Obama’s policies than ever in history. I would like to be the best paycheck president in American history. Now, there’s no neighborhood I know of in America where if you went around and asked people, “Would you rather your children had food stamps or paychecks,” you wouldn’t [SIC] end up with a majority saying they’d rather have a paycheck.
And so I’m prepared, if the NAACP invites me, I’ll go to their convention and talk about why the African-American community should demand paychecks and not be satisfied with food stamps. And I’ll go to them and explain a brand new Social Security opportunity for young people, which should be particularly good for African-American males — because they’re the group that gets the smallest return on Social Security because they have the shortest life span.
Not only is his perception of food stamp beneficiaries prejudicial, it’s false. The majority of people who participate in the food stamp program, known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), are white. Most of the participants are also either children (who can’t earn a paycheck unless Gingrich gets his way) or seniors who are of retirement age. In 2010, working-women represented only 28 percent of SNAP beneficiaries, and working-age men represented only 17 percent.
What’s more, an increasing number of SNAP beneficiaries actually do have jobs and receive paychecks that are the primary source of their income. Unfortunately, only 15 percent of those incomes are above the poverty line. Thus, SNAP benefits provide a necessary safety net to families trying to stay afloat in a sluggish economy. But rather than seeing America’s most vulnerable populations as deserving of aid, Gingrich prefers to see them as lazy drug-users who prefer to put their benefits towards a Hawaii vacation.
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bed breakfast birmingham
bed breakfast birmingham accommodation uk holiday nec holiday guest house, short breaks hotels, houses, bed bed breakfast birmingham accommodation uk holiday nec holiday guest house, short breaks hotels, houses, lodgings, hotelamp; breakfasts, lodgings, bed breakfast birmingham
Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands county of England. It is the most populous British city outside London with a population of 1,016,800 (2008 estimate), and lies at the heart of the West Midlands conurbation, the United Kingdom's second most populous Urban Area with a population of 2,284,093 (2001 census). Birmingham's metropolitan area, which includes surrounding towns to which it is closely tied through commuting, is the United Kingdom's second most populous with a population of 3,683,000.
Birmingham was a powerhouse of the Industrial Revolution in England, a fact which led to it being known as "the workshop of the world" or the "city of a thousand trades". Although Birmingham's industrial importance has declined, it has developed into a national commercial centre, being named as the second-best place in the United Kingdom to locate a business, and the 14th best in Europe by Cushman & Wakefield in 2009. It is also the fourth-most visited city by foreign visitors in the UK.
In 2007, Birmingham was ranked as the 55th-most livable city in the world and the second most livable in the UK, according to the Mercer Index of worldwide standards of living. Birmingham was also one of the founding cities for the Eurocities group and is also sitting as chair. Birmingham has the second-largest city economy in the UK, and was ranked 72nd in the world in 2008.
People from Birmingham are known as 'Brummies', a term derived from the city's nickname of 'Brum'. This comes in turn from the city's dialect name, Brummagem, which may have been derived from one of the city's earlier names, 'Bromwicham'. There is a distinctive Brummie dialect and accent, both of which differ from the adjacent Black Country.
Some of the earliest evidence of settlement in Birmingham are artefacts dating back 10,400 years discovered near Curzon Street in the city centre.
In the early 7th century, Birmingham was an Anglo-Saxon farming hamlet on the banks of the River Rea. It is commonly believed that the name 'Birmingham' comes from "Beorma ingas ham", meaning home of the sons (or descendants) of Beorma. Birmingham was first recorded in written documents by the Domesday Book of 1086 as a small village, worth only 20 shillings. There were many variations on this name. Bermingeham is another version.
In 1166 the holder of the manor of Birmingham, Peter de Birmingham, was granted a royal charter to hold a market in his castle, which in time became known as the Bull Ring, transforming Birmingham from a village to a market town. The de Birmingham family continued to be Lords of Birmingham until the 1530s when Edward de Birmingham was cheated out of its lordship by the traitor John Dudley.
As early as the 16th century, Birmingham's access to supplies of iron ore and coal meant that metalworking industries became established.
By the time of the English Civil War in the 17th century, Birmingham had become an important manufacturing town with a reputation for producing small arms. Arms manufacture in Birmingham became a staple trade and was concentrated in the area known as the Gun Quarter. During the Industrial Revolution (from the mid-18th century onwards), Birmingham grew rapidly into a major industrial centre and the town prospered. Birmingham’s population grew from 15,000 in the late 17th century to 70,000 a century later. During the 18th century, Birmingham was home to the Lunar Society, an important gathering of local thinkers and industrialists.
Birmingham rose to national political prominence in the campaign for political reform in the early nineteenth century, with Thomas Attwood's Birmingham Political Union bringing the country to the brink of civil war and back during the Days of May that preceded the passing of the Great Reform Act in 1832. The Union's meetings on Newhall Hill in 1831 and 1832 were the largest political assemblies Britain had ever seen. Lord Durham, who drafted the act, wrote that "the country owed Reform to Birmingham, and its salvation from revolution".
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19 May 2010
The new legal ethics
Paul Gilbert, chief executive of consultancy LBC Wise Counsel, argues that the way the world has changed and will do in the future means lawyers need to reassess their ethical norms. LBC Wise Counsel is a Legal Futures Associate
Carbon footprint: should lawyers ask clients about their environmental responsibility?
A good friend of mine was somewhat nonplussed some years ago to discover that the Law Society had set up an “Essex Helpline”. “What on earth,” he opined “does the Law Society think it is doing spending our money on something just for Essex? And what is going on in Essex that they need their own helpline?” He was so wound up that I did not have the heart to tell him immediately that it was in fact the Ethics Helpline.
Professional ethics have, of course, been part and parcel of the legal profession for hundreds of years; without wanting to sound at all arrogant or self-serving, this is one of the great strengths of the profession. Clients, whether they are the humblest of individuals or the mightiest of corporations, can rely on their lawyers acting in their best interests.
Students who come to study the law learn quickly how it is possible to represent even the most reprehensible individual, never to lie or to deceive the courts, but because in the end the strength of a democratic society is judged by ensuring the fairness of the trial and protection from an overbearing state.
Trainee lawyers learn that confidentiality is not just about keeping commercial secrets safe, but a fundamental tenet of their integrity and personal credibility.
Junior lawyers come to understand that privileged advice is not a misnomer; it is indeed a privilege to be able to fearlessly advise a client on their rights, their responsibilities and their plans.
And yet in the second decade of a new century, the centuries-old traditions look like they might have lost their lustre just a little. I do not mean that the profession is less professional or that access to justice, confidentiality and privilege (etc) are less valued, but I do wonder if it is enough and whether we need to do even more.
In the last ten years we have seen Enron, the near collapse of the banking system, an adrenalin-fuelled tech bubble, what many consider to be an illegal war in Iraq, endemic corruption in some states and a legal profession that looks increasingly uncertain as to whether it is a consumer-driven, branded and commoditised service or an independent, bespoke and hands-off advisory service.
In this last turbulent decade I do not want to pretend that the lawyers could have (should have) done more in a sort of faux heroic role acting as protector of the common good, but I do want to challenge whether the old precepts of professionalism have adapted enough to cope with the demands of 21st century living, commerce and politics.
It is not just the world that has changed, but the profession has changed too. Look at how many lawyers are now employed by institutions and businesses to be in-house legal advisers; consider how transformatory the Internet and e-mail have been in the way lawyers communicate with their clients and with each other; and reflect as well on how this has also been influential in opening up new markets and new territories.
I see all these things as very positive; the legal profession has become a globalised phenomenon that has, in less than a generation, moved from being seen as Dickensian in its practices to something that influences millions and millions of lives every day by supporting everything from governments and international trade on the one hand, to the lease of the corner shop and the arrested shoplifter on the other.
Do we need a new norm?
So, given all this change externally and within the profession, should we examine whether what “professionalism” means today is enough? Are we still adequately protecting our fellow citizens? Do we in fact need a new normal for what ethics should mean today? My emphatic answer is that yes we do, but I am not going to pretend to have answers to such complex and important issues as these. I do think, however, that we need to have the most informed debate we can.
There are two crucial factors as to why we must do so and why there is not a moment to waste.
- First, because our world has changed so much and modernisation does not always go hand in hand with simultaneously developing an up-to-date ethical code that supports innovation and change;
- Second because in an ultra-competitive and de-regulating world where services might in future be provided by all and sundry and where being a fully qualified lawyer might become less and less meaningful, we need try to re-assert the values of the profession.
So what might the new ethics look like? Perhaps a responsibility not just to see that business decisions are made within the tight definition of statute or regulation, but a duty to at least ask the question of whether an action is in the interests of shareholders and employees as well? Or an obligation to ensure that companies and institutions demonstrate a serious, proportionate and competent commitment to regulatory compliance? Or a responsibility to enquire whether the policies and practices of an organisation are environmentally sustainable? Perhaps, finally, a requirement to sign-off deals, trading statements and accounts as having been achieved without corruption or any lack of transparency?
More grandly, should there be a duty on every lawyer to protect the rule of law and to proactively promote access to justice?
I am, of course, aware that within the confines of such a short article, précised ideas can look foolish and crazily simplistic, but at the heart of this concern for what ethics should look like today, is I think a legitimate and very real concern for lawyers. Frankly what is the point of lawyers if all legal knowledge, wisdom and insight is apparently capable of being synthesised to a few bytes of digital information?
For the sake of the profession, I believe lawyers themselves must at least be prepared to explore what being a lawyer means today and therefore to re-establish an ethical code that supports our modern, diverse and multicultural profession. Not just an Essex helpline, but one for all of us to reassert our value and our values in such a busy, crowed and impatient world.
Leave a comment
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ScienceDaily Botany News
Botany news. Read full text botany new, articles, images, updated daily.
Updated: 17 hours 17 min ago
A new global-scale modeling study that takes into account nitrogen -- a key nutrient for plants -- estimates that carbon emissions from human activities on land were 40 percent higher in the 1990s than in studies that did not account for nitrogen. Plant regrowth -- and therefore carbon assimilation by plants -- is limited by nitrogen availability, causing other studies to overestimate regrowth and underestimate net emissions from the harvest-regrowth cycle.
Biocontrol programs use an invasive plant's natural enemies (insects and pathogens) to reduce its population. Most biocontrol programs combine many different enemies. Some combinations of enemy species can actually end up competing or interfering with each other, instead of attacking the weed.
Hydrogen sulfide greatly enhances plant growth: Key ingredient in mass extinctions could boost food, biofuel production
In low doses, hydrogen sulfide, a substance implicated in several mass extinctions, could greatly enhance plant growth, leading to a sharp increase in global food supplies and plentiful stock for biofuel production, new research shows.
Showing a range of peculiar habits and difficult to be discovered and collected, Ypsolophid moths present an exciting catch for scientists. Russian entomologists have discovered and described two species of these engaging moths, coming from the southernmost areas of the Russian Far East.
A team of researchers has succeeded in transforming cellulose into starch, a process that has the potential to provide a previously untapped nutrient source from plants not traditionally though of as food crops.
Researchers believe they have solved a puzzle that has long vexed science. The researchers provide the first three-dimensional model of an enzyme that links a simple sugar, glucose, into long-chain cellulose, the basic building block within plant cell walls that gives plants structure. Cellulose is nature's most abundant renewable biomaterial and an important resource for production of biofuels that represent alternatives to fossil fuels.
New research fuels hope of efficient hydrogen production with green algae may be possible in the future, despite the prevailing scepticism based on previous research.
The extraordinary level of conservation of the tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) mitochondrial genome has redefined our interpretation of evolution of the angiosperms (flowering plants). This beautiful ‘molecular fossil’ has a remarkably slow mutation rate meaning that its mitochondrial genome has remained largely unchanged since the dinosaurs were roaming Earth.
Stepping into unexplored territory in efforts to use corn stalks, grass and other non-food plants to make biofuels, scientists have now described the discovery of a potential treasure-trove of candidate enzymes in fungi thriving in the feces and intestinal tracts of horses.
Some plants, such as succulents, have managed to grow very plump leaves. For that to happen, according to a new study, plants had to evolve three-dimensional arrangements of their leaf veins. That's how they could maintain adequately efficient hydraulics for photosynthesis.
Proteomics is a powerful technique for examining the structure and function of the proteome. Proteomics can uncover the relationship between DNA, RNA, and the production of proteins -- enabling the comparison of the genome to the proteome. For organisms that have not yet been sequenced, proteomics facilitates the discovery and identification of proteins. A new study demonstrates the suitability of proteomics in determining the composition of gymnosperm pollination drops.
Fruit-eating animals are known to use their spatial memory to relocate fruit, yet, it is unclear how they manage to find fruit in the first place. Researchers have now investigated which strategies chimpanzees in the Taï National Park in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa, use in order to find fruit in the rain forest. The result: Chimpanzees know that trees of certain species produce fruit simultaneously and use this botanical knowledge during their daily search for fruit.
Rising temperatures will lead to a massive "greening" of the Arctic by mid-century, as a result of marked increases in plant cover, according to new research.
A new discovery about the malaria-related parasite Toxoplasma gondii -- which can threaten babies, AIDS patients, the elderly and others with weakened immune systems -- may help solve the mystery of how this single-celled parasite establishes life-long infections in people. The study places the blame squarely on a family of plant proteins, known as AP2 factors.
Taking an approach similar to that used for discovering new therapeutic drugs, chemists have found several compounds that can boost oil production by green microscopic algae, a potential source of biodiesel and other "green" fuels.
Scientists have found that the plant species making up an ecosystem are better predictors of ecosystem chemistry than environmental conditions such as terrain, geology, or altitude. This is the first study using a new, high-resolution airborne, chemical-detecting instrument to map multiple ecosystem chemicals.
Enormous amounts of energy are wasted in greenhouses where our food is grown as a result of the plants receiving too much and the wrong kind of light. This can also stress and damage the plants. Researchers are working on a globally unique method to measure how much and what type of light plants want.
Scientists have described technology that accelerates microalgae’s ability to produce many different types of renewable oils for fuels, chemicals, foods and personal-care products within days using standard industrial fermentation.
Genes from the family of bacteria that produce vinegar, Kombucha tea and nata de coco have become stars in a project -- which scientists today said has reached an advanced stage -- that would turn algae into solar-powered factories for producing the "wonder material" nanocellulose. They have now reported on advances in getting those genes to produce fully functional nanocellulose.
The Snakelocks Anemone, a marine species prized in cooking, has been bred for the first time in captivity
Researchers have managed to breed for the first time in captivity a marine animal known as the snakelocks anemone and have also begun breeding a species of sea cucumber although this process is still in its initial stages. Both species have great culinary potential and possess excellent nutritional properties.
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The 2014 Chevrolet Spark EV will have a $27,495 price tag when it goes on sale in...
Expert: Fisker Karma's engine packaging, not batteries, likely caused fire
Update: Fisker responds to expert's assessment of Fisker Karma fire
A garage fire last week in suburban Houston has been linked to a Fisker Karma plug-in hybrid, but the company quickly noted that the battery remained intact and unplugged -- and did not appear to be the cause.
But if not the battery, then what?
More likely, poor packaging in the engine compartment and exhaust routing generated excess heat. When combined with a fluid leak, that would be enough to create a fire, said Jon Bereisa, CEO of consultancy Auto Lectrification.
Bereisa was chief engineer of General Motors' EV1 and was the systems architect for the Chevrolet Volt, so he knows his way around these sorts of complex problems.
Bereisa has driven the Karma and has nosed around the car's inner workings. When he saw the cramped engine compartment of his test car, he was immediately alarmed.
"That engine is shoehorned into that bay, because they had to use a larger engine, because it was too heavy a car. As a result, there's no room for exhaust routing and heat shielding to route the heat away," Bereisa said in an interview.
The Karma is "using the hell out of that motor-generator," Bereisa said. As a result, a "thermal condition" would be created under the hood or along the tightly packed exhaust routing path. With that sort of heat, an oil, fuel or coolant leak can cause a risk of fire. A major ingredient in coolant is glycol, itself flammable.
Jeremy Gutierrez, the owner of the Fisker Karma, said he smelled rubber when the fire started, according to an account published by Autoweek.
Bereisa said: "You don't smell rubber with batteries, but you will if it's something on the engine."
Why else wouldn't it be the battery?
Bereisa said the battery pack's state of charge likely was mostly used up during its errand run, so it would take a lot of energy and heat to make a heavy battery pack hot enough to ignite. The compartment would have had to been breached -- unlikely for a car that showed no faults during its drive.
By contrast, the recent Chevrolet Volt crash-test battery pack fires were started when engine coolant splashed across a printed circuit board with live voltage, Bereisa said. When a coolant leak runs across a printed circuit board, it makes a conduction path and creates its own short circuit, making the board hot enough to ignite, Bereisa said. But no such event should have happened with the Karma.
"If the pack were to burn down the car, you would see where it started and reached the [battery] case," Bereisa said.
Like the rest of us, Bereisa is awaiting the fire department's official report, but he says, "There's more odds that it's a conventional, heat-related problem in packaging and heat-related leaks."
So far, Fisker is denying that its battery pack is at fault for the fire, but has dispatched its own squadron of engineers to reach a conclusion.
Fisker spokesman Roger Ormisher said Thursday the cause of the fire still "has yet to be ascertained."
"There are myriad combustible materials that could be in the garage, in the wheel arch, or picked up on the roadside. They think the source is around the Karma, but they have not determined any cause yet. We have investigative teams, three insurance companies and the local fire chief all with their opinions. There are some question marks," Ormisher said.
Ormisher said he did not want to debate Bereisa's theories, but he said that, "The Karma has been through all regulatory and certification checks."
Robert Baker, the chief fire inspector for Fort Bend County, Texas, told Autoweek that the fire started in the Karma, not elsewhere in the garage.
"Yes, the Karma was the origin of the fire," Baker said. "But what exactly caused that we don't know at this time."
This article was originally published in Automotive News.
Update: Fisker fires back, refutes expert's theory on garage blaze
So what caused the Sugar Land, Texas, garage fire this week that destroyed a Fisker Karma plug-in hybrid and two other cars?
The local fire inspector told Autoweek that the fire started in the Karma, but said he didn't know the exact cause. On Thursday, EV expert Jon Bereisa suggested to me that the Karma's cramped engine-bay packaging could have created conditions that led to the blaze.
Now Fisker Automotive has fired back, refuting Bereisa's speculation in a detailed statement to Automotive News.
As I noted in a Friday blog, Bereisa said the Karma's tight engine compartment packaging could result in a "thermal condition" and the car's possible inability to diffuse heat away from the engine bay and exhaust system.
Bereisa -- formerly chief engineer of the GM EV1 and systems architect of the Chevrolet Volt, and currently CEO of Auto Letrification LLC -- said: "That engine is shoehorned into that bay, because they had to use a larger engine, because it was too heavy a car. As a result, there's no room for exhaust routing and heat-shielding to route the heat away."
But Fisker says the thermal management of its Karma plug-in hybrid adequately diffuses heat in hot-weather and high-load conditions.
The company says the Karma passed safety certification following, "extreme testing of the vehicle, involving laboratory simulations of thermal incidents and on-the-road tests in extreme climate conditions… No incidents of any kind involving engine systems were found."
In the statement, Paul Boskovitch, Fisker director of powertrain, said: "Our technologies and engine design have been fully tested and certified at the highest level."
"It is irresponsible and ill-informed for technology pundits to suggest otherwise in order to secure media attention for unfounded claims," he said.
Bereisa said he doubted that the battery pack was to blame for the fire that burned the garage and house of Karma owner Jeremy Gutierrez.
But Fisker says: "Cooling algorithms have been developed to ensure that, at power off and under certain conditions, the vehicle cooling fan maintains circulation in the engine compartment in order to remove any excess heat.
"Packaging of the engine and surrounding components has been done within competitive benchmark standards and heat protection sleeves are placed on and around all hoses in or near high heat zones. All exhaust components have properly engineered heat shields and maintain the recommended separation distance between the shield, shielded components and affected components."
Bereisa suggested that a fluid leak of gasoline, oil or coolant could have ignited under such hot operating conditions. But while many coolants contain glycol, a flammable compound, Fisker says it is "using DEX-COOL 50/50 coolant with a zero flammability rating, according to the Chevron Manufacturers Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) #10445."
As for the engine compartment layout, Fisker says: "The brake system booster which contains the brake system fluid is in a protected region behind the fender on the 'cold'side of the engine. The power steering pump and fluid are also located on the 'cold'side of the engine, near the front of the vehicle."
In addition, the cooling system of the Karma has been over-engineered to account for potential high-load situations, the company says.
"The engine power required at 125 mph (top speed) is less than 115 kw, well below the maximum capability of the engine for continuous operation. In addition the engine controls maintain a thermal watch of the engine and at a temperature of 117 [degrees Celcius] begins to limit power in order to maintain coolant temperature below this point. This is well below the engine manufacturer's recommended maximum temperature rating of 127 [degrees Celcius]."
The company also said that the engine was designed "using the latest Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software packages."
"Evaluations of the results were performed both by the Fisker Thermal team and external consultants. Testing involved thorough road and lab exercises, including multiple hot weather trips over thousands of miles of incident-free operation in Death Valley and Palm Springs, Calif. Additional testing was also performed successfully at maximum and sustained speeds [125mph] on the Autobahn in Germany."
Wind-tunnel testing also mimicked conditions in the Middle East and Africa, according to Fisker.
This article was originally published in Automotive News
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Attorneys for death row inmate have made a final request for the Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles to commute the death sentence of Troy Davis. Davis is scheduled to be executed today, September 23, 2008, at 7pm. Last year, the board granted Davis a temporary reprieve less than 24 hours before his scheduled execution, when serious questions were raised about his case.
Davis’ case, like many others its predecessor, too, implicates the fairness and objectivity of our criminal justice system, particularly in relation to sentencing black defendants for murdering white victims. But, beyond the black/white paradigm, Davis’ fight for justice is worsened because his victim was an off-duty police officer – a fact that produces certain legal anxieties in relation to issues surrounding a fair police investigation of the case.
Beyond the fact that Davis’ is an African American has been on death row for seventeen years for a crime that he possibly did not commit, several other legal ironies exist. First, I cannot help but mention that Davis’ sentencing occurred in a state known for its progressive legal precedents on the death penalty. From, Coker v. Georgia, through Furman v. Georgia, to McKlesky v. Kemp, the Georgia judiciary has a long record of taking notice of racial disparities in death sentencing, particularly in relation to the black/white punishment dialectic. Second, Davis’ fight for justice presents serious questions about innocence and the legal futility of relying solely on witnesses in capital murder cases. A case built largely on witness testimony, seven of the nine non-police witnesses said they were coerced and have recanted their testimony. Of the remaining two, one identified a left-handed assailant, while Davis is right-handed. And the final witness against Davis is the man that others claim actually committed the murder. Third, Davis’ case reveals the speed and manner in which the black body is captured, dispossessed, and then disposed through the criminal justice system. There exists no direct physical evidence linking Davis to the crime, no murder weapon was ever found, and there’s no DNA or fingerprint evidence that establishes his guilt – yet the board is so convinced of his guilt that they are willing to let his death sentence stand.
As I prepare to attend the 10 Annual Critical Resistance Conference in Oakland, California, to abolish the ever expanding prison industrial complex, I am reminded of the importance of my work as a lawyer, activist, scholar, and critical voice to serve the cause of justice -- particularly on problems associated with our wholesale reliance on punishment/death as cure for our social ills.
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Add color and curb appeal to your home with a statement-making front landscape
Sprawling and beautifully manicured front yards line the streets of Metro Atlanta, no doubt about it. A well-landscaped yard creates curb appeal and helps your property retain maximum value. The walkway to your front door is one of the most important elements of the overall landscape because it greets guests to your home even before you do!
So whether you prefer something simple to fit into your traditional exterior or crave something extraordinary for a grand estate, there’s a perfect landscape scheme for every front walk. Below are a few tips and tricks, as well as shining examples of how to spruce up your outdoor spaces.
Green up the grass
If your house has a front yard, make sure it‘s neat and green. You don’t want bare spots, sprawling weeds, or an untrimmed appearance.
“It’s so simple to go to Home Depot, buy fertilizer, apply it every six weeks, and water it,” says Mitch Kalamian, a landscape designer. “It will green up.”
If the yard looks really scruffy, you may decide to invest in some sod. According to the National Gardening Association, the average cost of sod is 15 to 35 cents per sq. ft. If you hire a landscaper to sod your yard for you, labor will add 30% to 50% to the total cost of the project.
Add colorful planting beds
Flower beds add color and help enliven otherwise plain areas, such as along driveways and the edges of walkways. In general, annual flowers are a bit cheaper but must be replaced every year. Perennials cost a bit more but come back annually and usually get larger or spread with each growing season.
If you’re not sure what to plant, inquire at your local garden center. Often, they’ll have a display of bedding plants chosen for their adaptability to your area. Also, they‘ll be inexpensive because they’re in season, says Peter Mezitt, president of Weston Nurseries in Hopkinton, Mass. Try pansies in the summer, and asters and mums in the fall to add vibrant color. “That’s what we do around the entrance to our garden center,” Mezitt says.
Line it up
A row of simple shrubbery flanking the walkway to your front door feels clean and classic. Boxwoods are a great choice for imitating the look of one cohesive hedge.
For longer front walks, try incorporating shrubbery with different layers of height. Multiple heights add depth to a landscape and tall shrubs can mimic the effect of a beautiful gate.
Add landscape lighting
For homeowners who have made a sizeable investment in landscaping, it makes sense to think about adding another 10% to 15% to the bill for professional lighting. “You can’t see landscaping after dark,“ says Brandon Stephens, vice president of marketing for a landscape lighting firm in Lubbock, Texas, “and buyers are not always looking at houses on a Saturday afternoon.”
The cost of a system runs from $200 for a DIY installation to more than $4,000 for a professional job. If you‘re doing it on your own, the key is to light what you want people to see, such as mature trees and flowering shrubs.
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News Releases > Indiana Reports Confirmed Case of North American Human Influenza A (H1N1)
INDIANAPOLIS---State health officials report test results from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have confirmed a case of North American Human Influenza A (H1N1) in northern Indiana.
"We advise Hoosiers to practice normal precautions to avoid influenza and other respiratory diseases, such as frequent hand washing and covering your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze," said State Health Commissioner Judy Monroe M.D.
Dr. Monroe reminds the public to follow basic precautionary measures to prevent the spread of a cold, influenza, or any infectious disease, including:
- Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it. Cough or sneeze into your sleeve, rather than your hands, if a tissue is not available.
- Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol-based hands cleaners are also effective.
- Try to avoid close contact with sick people.
- If you get sick, stay home from work or school and limit contact with others to keep from infecting them.
The symptoms of North American human influenza A (H1N1) are similar to the symptoms of regular seasonal influenza and include fever, lethargy, lack of appetite and coughing. Some people have also reported runny nose, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
Dr. Monroe recommends individuals with mild symptoms of influenza should stay home and call their health care provider for advice. If symptoms become severe, such as high fever, trouble breathing, or inability to keep down fluids, they should seek medical care.
Parents are also reminded they should not give aspirin to children with flu symptoms to alleviate fever, as it can put them at risk for Reye syndrome, a potentially fatal disease that causes numerous detrimental effects to many organs, especially the brain and liver.
"This is a novel human virus, which means we do not have a vaccine to prevent it," said Dr. Monroe. "Individuals aged 65 and older or those with chronic diseases and immune deficiencies are at higher risk for severe complications from influenza, including pneumonia. If these individuals have not received the pneumococcal vaccine, they should discuss with their physician getting the vaccine."
The Indiana Department of Homeland Security announced the state's Emergency Operations Center (EOC) became active this morning.
Media will be able to contact a public information officer at the EOC at (317) 234-6713.
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As early as the 16th century, agents to produce seizures were used to treat psychiatric conditions.
In 1785, the therapeutic use of seizure induction was documented in the London Medical Journal.
Within three years metrazol convulsive therapy was being used worldwide.
In 1937, the first international meeting on convulsive therapy was held in Switzerland by the Swiss psychiatrist Muller.
The proceedings were published in the American Journal of Psychiatry and, within three years, cardiazol convulsive therapy was being used worldwide.
ECT soon replaced metrazol therapy all over the world because it was cheaper, less frightening and more convenient. Cerletti and Bini were nominated for a Nobel Prize but did not receive one.
By 1940, the procedure was introduced to both England and the US. Through the 1940s and 1950s the use of ECT became widespread.
ECT is the only form of shock treatment still performed by modern medicine.
In the early 1940s, in an attempt to reduce the memory disturbance and confusion associated with treatment, two modifications were introduced: the use of unilateral electrode placement and the replacement of sinusoidal current with brief pulse.
It took many years for brief-pulse equipment to be widely adopted Unilateral ECT has never been popular with psychiatrists and is still only given to a minority of ECT patients.
The New York Times described the public's negative perception of ECT as being caused mainly by one movie, "For Big Nurse in ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest,'' it was a tool of terror, and in the public mind ''shock therapy'' has retained the tarnished image given it by Ken Kesey's novel: dangerous, inhumane and overused".
Specifically critics pointed to shortcomings such as noted side effects, the procedure being used as a form of abuse, and uneven application of ECT.
The use of ECT declined until the 1980s, "when use began to increase amid growing awareness of its benefits and cost-effectiveness for treating severe depression".
Due to the backlash noted previously, national institutions reviewed past practices and set new standards.
In 1978, The American Psychiatric Association released its first task force report in which new standards for consent were introduced and the use of unilateral electrode placement was recommended.
The 1985 NIMH Consensus Conference confirmed the therapeutic role of ECT in certain circumstances.
The American Psychiatric Association released its second task force report in 1990 where specific details on the delivery, education, and training of ECT were documented.
Finally in 2001 the American Psychiatric Association released its latest task force report. This report emphasizes the importance of informed consent, and the expanded role that the procedure has in modern medicine.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.
It uses material from the Wikipedia article on
All material adapted used from Wikipedia is available under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.
Wikipedia® itself is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.
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NAMIBIA – The dog-headed pig monster is once again terrorizing rural populations.
Local citizens are living in fear – travelling in groups and arming themselves before venturing out.
The creature is said to be white with a dog’s head and a giant pig-like body. It has a broad, round and hairless back and the shoulders of a giant pig or hog.
Many residents have seen it attacking dogs, horses, goats, cats and hyenas.
“This is an alien animal that the people have not seen before,” said a local official. “We are living in fear, but we are hunting for him. We will kill him.”
There is great superstition about the beast that actually makes locals act up and – attack each other.
“This dog-headed pig monster is the source of black magic,” said an official in the Peshonana region of northern Namibia.
Superstitions have serious consequences in Namibia and throughout sub-Saharan African where elderly people are often accused of practicing the “old ways,” or witchcraft. Thousands have been forced to flee for their lives, and many do not survive. Across the continent, there are frequent reports of people accused of witchcraft being murdered by family members, neighbors or frenzied mobs.
A young man from Oshana tried to fight off the dog-headed pig monster, but unfortunately, he was shredded to pieces.
The United Nations is sending witch doctors to Namibia to held rid the country of the “black magic.”
Check out this video from 1992 – the last time beast reared his ugly head.
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Compare Dry Cleaning Solvents
Although various perc alternatives are available, many pose varying degrees of health and environmental concerns in spite of being marketed as "eco-friendly". Professional wet cleaning has been identified as a truly environmentally friendly, non-smog forming technology that minimizes environmental and health concerns. Professional wet cleaning uses specialized equipment to clean garments with water and soaps.
Another garment cleaning technology thought to minimize environmental hazards is CO2 dry cleaning. CO2 dry cleaning uses pressurized liquid carbon dioxide harvested from other industrial processes to clean garments. Due to the lack of commercial availability at this time and limited use by cleaners, there is insufficient information to fully assess CO2 technology.
Here are the four most commonly used methods in San Francisco:
- Professional Wet Cleaning: Preferred Cleaning Method
1. Professional Wet Cleaning: Wet cleaning is a cleaning technology that uses specialized washers and dryers that control revolutions, temperature and moisture content of the clothes. Controlling these factors eliminates problems with damage to garments or shrinkage, concerns which are often associated with cleaning specialized garments in normal home washers. New professional wet cleaning machines allow us to go back to using water and soap.
- Health Effects to workers: Given that the workers are mostly using only soap and water, the health effects do not vary much from the ones of doing laundry at home. In addition the detergents can be odorless, biodegradable and low-toxic. As is the case with other professional garment cleaning technologies, cleaners will need to select spotting chemicals carefully to minimize potential hazards.
- Impacts to consumers: Consumers that use wet cleaning know that the clothes they send to the cleaners do not return home with any chemicals that might be harmful to themselves or their families. All of the clothes that can be washed in a dry cleaning system can be professionally wet cleaned, giving the consumer an option that provides the same quality in an environmentally sound fashion.
- Environmental Effects: There have been several studies that further verify that the environmental impact of wet cleaning is minimal. Multiple studies examining the wastewater leaving a wet cleaning plant have shown that wastewater from wet cleaning facilities is of little to no concern. Furthermore, cleaners that have switched to wet cleaning from traditional dry cleaning have found reductions in their energy bills and in many cases their water bills as well.
2. Hydrocarbon: The first dry cleaning chemicals were hydrocarbon solvents. However, due to flammability issues, they became less common and gave way to perc. As the use of perc is gradually being phased out, most cleaners are choosing hydrocarbon solvents as a replacement. However, the hydrocarbon solvents have their own health and environmental effects. Hydrocarbon solvents include DF-2000 (ExxonMobil), EcoSolv (Chevron Philipps), Shell Sol (Shell), and Pure Dry (Niran).
- Health Effects to workers : One of the most alarming aspects of the hydrocarbon solvents is the great lack of toxicity data. There are very few studies exploring carcinogenicity, toxicity or effects of long-term exposure. However, existing studies indicate that inhalation exposure can depress the central nervous system. High vapor concentrations, as can happen in small spaces, may cause headaches, dizziness, anesthesia, drowsiness, unconsciousness and other central nervous system effects, including death. Exposure can cause irritation to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Furthermore, these chemicals pose significant fire hazards given that they are all combustible liquids and are thus regulated by the fire department.
- Impacts to consumers: The lack of toxicity information about common hydrocarbon solvents makes it very difficult to judge how safe they are. However, hydrocarbon solvents are volatile organic chemicals that contribute to smog formation, which is known to cause and aggravate asthma. As Class IIIA combustible solvents, the flammability of hydrocarbon solvents may present a potential fire hazard for adjacent residents and businesses.
- Environmental Effects: The use of hydrocarbon solvents promotes yet another petroleum based technology, which increases our dependence on limited fossil fuels. Hydrocarbon solvents also emit smog and contribute to global warming.
3. GreenEarth®: A dry cleaning solvent called GreenEarth® was introduced as an alternative to perc in the last decade. The chemical present in the dry cleaning solvent sold under the Green Earth ® trademark is decamethylyclopentasiloxane or D5. Although this solvent is not widely used in San Francisco currently, it may become more available. D5 has been reviewed extensively by OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, a California state agency) as well as the Canadian government. Below is a summary of their findings on human health and environmental impacts of D5.
- Health Effects to workers : In a 2007 report, OEHHA stated “a statistically significant increase in a malignant tumor (uterine adenocarcinoma) due to D5, a chemical that may be bioconcentrated and is a candidate to replace perchloroethylene in dry cleaning, indicates a potential hazard for workers in the dry cleaning industry and perhaps for the general public.” Based on available science, OEHHA concluded that D5 poses a concern for potential carcinogenicity relevant to humans. Potential non-carcinogenic effects of D5 include impacts to the nervous system, fat tissue, the liver (bile formation), and the immune system. Exposure to D5 is known to aggravate liver disorders and cause liver weight changes in rats exposed to it. Should this combustible solvent ignite and start a fire, one of the resulting products is formaldehyde, an acute respiratory and nervous system toxicant and cancer hazard.
- Impacts to consumers: As with perc, the use of GreenEarth® introduces another unnecessary chemical to our household. Furthermore, GreenEarth® is a Class IIIA combustible solvent that is regulated by the fire department, and its flammability may present a potential fire hazard for adjacent residents and businesses.
- Environmental Effects2: D5 persistence in the environment and in animal and human tissues is a concern. D5, which is highly lipophilic, has been measured in aquatic species in a number of environments and has a long half-life in human tissues. Canada recently concluded that D5 is persistent in the environment, consistent with OEHHA’s evaluations. Concerns about D5 as an environmental contaminant is based primarily on environmental sampling which has indicated accumulation in wildlife, including fish. More widespread and intensive use of D5 could therefore result in human exposure via the consumption of fish.
4. Perchloroethylene: Since World War II, perchloroethylene (“perc”) became the solvent of choice for use in garment cleaning and is used by many “dry” cleaners in San Francisco. Perc has a particular odor that is commonly associated with dry cleaner shops or dry cleaned clothes.
- Health Effects to workers : Perc is listed by the state of California as a chemical known to cause cancer (bladder, esophageal, stomach, intestinal and pancreatic cancers) and reproductive toxicity. Reproductive effects such as reduced fertility and spontaneous abortions have been reported from occupational exposure to perc. Long-term exposure can result in neurological effects, such as dizziness and diminished cognitive ability, as well as damage to the liver and kidneys. High levels of exposure in enclosed spaces, even for short periods of time, can cause respiratory failure and even death.
- Impacts to consumers: Perc off-gases from clothes dry cleaned using this chemical. Short-term exposure to perc (such as in a dry cleaning shop) can cause dizziness, rapid heartbeat, fatigue, headaches, confusion, nausea, and skin, eye and respiratory tract irritation. In addition, if the dry cleaning machine using perc is not properly insulated, perc can seep through walls and expose residents and businesses adjacent to the cleaner. Such exposure can cause long-term health effects to residents, similar to those found in workers.
- Environmental Effects: Perc has been shown to contaminate soil, water and air. It is quite volatile and so pollutes indoor and outdoor air. Perc spills are considered severe environmental accidents as perc can seep down into the soil and reach drinking water aquifers.
San Francisco is habitat for 800,000 people – meeting needs for space to work, play, and learn; for food, water, and air; for community with local flora and fauna. SF Environment provides support for urban agriculture and forestry and green buildings, helping residents and businesses harness environmental opportunities.
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Does this test have other names?
Rotavirus test, Nucleic acid detection test, Isolation in cell culture
What is this test?
The rotavirus test is a stool test used to diagnose a rotavirus infection. Rotavirus affects the intestines and causes vomiting and diarrhea. This infection is especially common in young children, but it can affect adults, too. A rotavirus infection causes a condition called viral gastroenteritis.
A rotavirus vaccine is available for children, but it's possible to get infected even after vaccination. There are many different strains of rotavirus, and the vaccine doesn't protect against all of them. You can also get rotavirus more than once, even if you've had the vaccine.
Rotavirus passes easily from person to person, and can be picked up by touching a surface contaminated by someone with rotavirus. Sharing food or drink with an infected person can also spread it. Rotavirus can be dangerous, especially in children, because it can cause dehydration. Dehydration happens when the body doesn't have enough fluids, as can happen with frequent diarrhea and vomiting. Most people don't need treatment for rotavirus, but it's still important to diagnose the infection and watch for signs of dehydration.
Why do I need this test?
You may need this test if you have symptoms of a rotavirus infection. Symptoms usually start about two days after coming into contact with the virus and include:
Nausea and vomiting
Abdominal (belly) pain or cramping
Loss of appetite
What other tests might I have along with this test?
You may have other tests to diagnose rotavirus or check for dehydration, including urine tests and blood tests.
What do my test results mean?
Many things may affect your lab test results. These include the method each lab uses to do the test. Even if your test results are different from the normal value, you may not have a problem. To learn what the results mean for you, talk with your health care provider.
The laboratory technician looks for the wheel-shaped rotavirus in the sample. If the test results show rotavirus in your stool sample, you have the infection.
How is this test done?
It's best to do this test one to four days after symptoms start, but definitely within eight days of when you first notice symptoms.
You must collect a stool sample for this test. Your doctor will tell you how to collect a sample in a disposable specimen container with a lid. Do not collect stool from the toilet bowl or put toilet paper into the specimen container.
Give your sample to a health care provider or laboratory technician. At the lab, your stool sample will be tested for the rotavirus.
Does this test pose any risks?
This test only involves having a normal bowel movement, so there are no risks from this test.
What might affect my test results?
Only having the rotavirus in your digestive tract can cause rotavirus in your stool. Medicines, diet, or lifestyle habits will not affect your results. Be careful not to contaminate the sample with urine or water from the toilet.
How do I get ready for this test?
You don't need to prepare for this test.
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I stumbled upon this game while looking up some info for my next campaign and thought I had found some lost treasure. All the information showed this game called Mazes and Minotaurs from 1972 ,very much like D&D except that it was based on Greek Mythology and not Tolkien fantasy. The site has links so that you can download the original 1972 game books as pdfs, or you can download the revised 1987 books, all for free.
I scanned the books and though they were pretty bare bones, the game did seem to be pretty good and I became even more curious about why I had never heard of it. So back to the internet I went.
You remember the Sentry hoax that Marvel pulled on us some years ago. The one where they claimed their version of Superman, Sentry, was created in the 60's and had been "lost", but it turned out to be a publicity stunt. That is what this is.
Mazes and Minotaurs was made a few years ago and apparently stemmed from an article about what if game designers had gotten their inspiration from Jason and the Argonauts instead of Lord of the Rings. The 1972 version was actually released in 2006. The revised 1987 version in 2007. Both versions are actually pretty good, though the books are pretty short running under 50 pages for the most part. It is basically a simple D&D based on Greek instead of European fantasy. There is even an ezine for the game called Minotaur Quarterly with 2 issues available for download, Fall 07 and Spring 08.
Thanks to the internet I wasn't fooled by this for long, but I still don't feel cheated. I may not have have discovered a long lost game, but I did find a pretty interesting little rpg. I think my group may be going Greek in the near future.
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It's All Politics
Tue November 6, 2012
Voters To Settle Tight And Turbulent Presidential Battle
Originally published on Tue November 6, 2012 8:08 am
As Americans go to the polls, one of the closest presidential races in years may be determined by a state in the Midwest and a hurricane named Sandy.
After a campaign that has cost some $6 billion, the two candidates are in the same place they started: with President Obama a smidgen ahead of challenger Mitt Romney, so close that differences are in most cases statistically insignificant.
Obama seems to have regained his footing after his sleepy performance in the first debate last month. According to a Pew Research Center poll over the weekend, Obama is leading Romney 48 percent to 45 percent among likely voters, thanks in part to how he handled the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy. In battleground states, too, the president appears to have the momentum.
And yet, Pew Research Center President Andrew Kohut is bracing for a surprise.
"People are conflicted, especially swing voters and moderate voters," Kohut says. "They look at Obama and say, 'He's underperformed.' And they look at Romney and say, 'We don't trust him and we don't know if he's for us.' "
In one way, the conflict is refreshing, says Larry Sabato, director of the University of Virginia's Center for Politics. The two candidates are "presenting diametrically opposed visions, and that is interesting because often it isn't the case. You have two very different visions on the economy, on social issues, on some aspects of foreign policy."
One thing everyone agrees on: The fate of the presidency will be determined by a handful of battleground states, and perhaps only one: Ohio.
The president has the advantage because there are several routes that would lead him to the 270 electoral college votes he needs to win, says Lee Miringoff, director of the Marist College Institute for Public Opinion, which conducts polls for NBC and the Wall Street Journal. Romney, the former Massachusetts governor, starts from a weaker position in the projected electoral vote count and must win more battleground states.
"So, in a sense, Romney is playing more for an inside straight," Miringoff says.
The Battleground States
Florida: 29 electoral votes; Real Clear Politics average, Romney up 1.5 percentage points.
Florida is a must-win for Romney. The state has three political identities: The south, including Miami, is diverse and, with the exception of an aging and shrinking Cuban population, leans heavily Democratic. The north, including the Panhandle, is socially and religiously conservative, with a strong military presence. People in the central part of the state — the Tampa-Orlando-Daytona Beach-I-4 corridor — are the definition of swing voters.
Ohio: 18 electoral votes; Real Clear Politics average, Obama up by 2.9 percentage points.
Ohio may be in 2012 what Florida was in 2000 — the most contested of the states. Here we have two strains of working-class voters with opposite motivations. In the north, the auto industry bailout has driven the unemployment rate below the national average, and voters are rewarding the president. The southern part of the state is more socially and religiously conservative; it has been hard-hit economically, particularly the coal industry, and workers lean Republican. Watch for a fight over ballots in this state. Ohio law requires a recount if one candidate wins by a quarter of 1 percent or less, which is a possibility. Moreover, more than 200,000 voters are expected to cast provisional ballots because they don't have a photo ID or for other reasons, and those votes would not be counted until Nov. 16.
Virginia: 13 electoral votes; Real Clear Politics average, Obama up by 0.3 percentage points.
The fight here is between fast-growing northern Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C., with its young urbanites who vote Democratic, versus the rest of the state: rural pro-gun conservatives. Obama won this historically Republican state in 2008, but Republicans came roaring back in subsequent races. Virginia is critical to a Romney win.
Wisconsin: 10 electoral votes; Real Clear Politics average, Obama up by 4.2 percentage points.
Romney wants to make this a battleground state, but it is an uphill fight. Wisconsin has not voted for a Republican presidential candidate since 1984. Romney briefly had some traction when he selected a favorite son, Paul Ryan, to be his running mate. However, that enthusiasm has ebbed, and Wisconsin was one of the few states that did not give Romney a bump after the first presidential debate in October.
Colorado: 9 electoral votes; Real Clear Politics average, Obama up by 1.5 percentage points.
Obama carried Colorado by 9 percentage points in 2008, but in the preceding three elections, the state went red. Three ingredients make Colorado a swing state. The urban areas of Denver and Boulder are typically Democratic. The growing Latino population favors Obama. But the Colorado Springs area is considered the mecca for conservative evangelicals.
Iowa: 6 electoral votes; Real Clear Politics average, Obama up by 2.4 percentage points.
Since 1998, Iowa has voted for the Democrat, with the exception of George W. Bush in 2004. Obama can count on its growing Latino vote and strong unions for support. But Iowa has turned more conservative of late and elected Republican Terry Branstad as governor in 2010.
New Hampshire: 4 electoral votes; Real Clear Politics average, Obama up by 2 percentage points.
Ages ago, New Hampshire was a reliably red state, but it has turned decidedly purple in recent years. The White House has paid close attention to the state, sending Vice President Joe Biden there several times. But Romney has a foothold there, as well as a vacation house; the voters have an independent streak and generally dislike government intrusion — a sentiment that Romney has capitalized on.
Ups And Downs
If the presidential race has people on pins and needles, it wasn't that way six months ago. Democrats said they were disappointed with Obama's performance, smarting from the desultory economy, and frustrated that he seemed to have forgotten the poor in favor of the middle class. Republicans, too, were tepid about their candidate. In fact, until springtime, evangelicals, who make up a large part of the Republican base, flirted with a number of candidates whose chief characteristic seemed to be that they were not Mitt Romney.
But the past two months have turned into a "roller coaster ride," Sabato says. Each candidate made strategic errors.
The first bit of excitement arrived in mid-September, in the form of a leaked tape of Romney saying that 47 percent of Americans "will vote for the president no matter what," are "dependent upon government, who believe they are victims" and do not pay taxes.
But then, two weeks later, Obama stumbled throughout the first debate. The president looked like a boxer on the ropes taking blows from an aggressive Romney; he even failed to land a punch on Romney with an attack on Romney's 47 percent comment. This erased the president's yawning lead in the polls, and we had a horse race.
"Before the first debate, President Obama was on his way to a landslide re-election victory," says Thomas Riehl, a senior vice president of YouGov, an online polling firm. But after the debate, not only were Obama supporters deflated, but independents and undecided voters took a hard look at Romney — and liked what they saw.
"What Romney accomplished in the first debate was that he stood up on a stage with President Obama and made it clear he was at least his equal," Riehl says. "You could imagine a Romney presidency, and there wasn't much that was very threatening about that."
For the first time, more people told pollsters they would vote for Romney and not just against Obama. According to polls by Pew Research, 36 percent of likely voters said they had a better opinion of Romney after the debate, and his favorability rating shot up to 50 percent — about the same as the president.
But Romney's good fortunes were arrested by the weather. Hurricane Sandy served as a circuit breaker that cut into whatever momentum Romney had generated.
"This was kind of an October surprise," says Alan Abramowitz, a political scientist at Emory University. "It gave the president an opportunity to act presidential, to act like a commander in chief."
As Obama visited devastated parts of New Jersey and New York — as he received glowing praise from New Jersey Republican Gov. Chris Christie, and then an endorsement from New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg — Romney was forced to the sidelines, at least temporarily. Those television shots of the president impressed voters: The Pew poll found that nearly seven in 10 likely voters — and 63 percent of swing voters — approved of the way the president handled the disaster.
How The Vote Falls
In the final moments of the race, each candidate has advantages and disadvantages that could tip the scale.
Romney has a clear edge among men, especially white working-class men who make up much of the vote in battleground states such as Ohio and Wisconsin. He's leading among older voters — who are bigger in number and more reliable than the young people, who overwhelmingly support the president. Independents are expected to break Republican, as they have in every presidential race since 1952, with the exception of 1964 and 2008, when Obama swept them in a wave of hope and change. Finally, Romney has generated great enthusiasm among Republicans: Romney supporters are more engaged in the contest, and say they are more likely to vote, than Obama supporters. This could mean a larger turnout for Romney on Tuesday night.
The president, however, has plenty of arrows in his quiver. As to enthusiasm, many more voters strongly support Obama than Romney — an indicator that has predicted the popular vote winner in nine of the past 12 elections, says Kohut. Moreover, after cooling to the president last month, female voters have come roaring back to the president's side. Minorities — and especially Latinos, who factor large in swing states such as Florida, Colorado and Nevada — are firmly in the president's camp, as are young people.
Undecided voters remain a big question mark. Republicans hope that 2012 will look like 1980, when undecideds moved en masse in Ronald Reagan's direction.
"But from what we've seen this time around, there isn't that big chunk of undecided voters almost anywhere to be able to make that massive move at the end," says Dennis Goldford, a political scientist at Drake University. "On the other hand, if the election is really close, even a feather on the scale can make a difference."
Close Elections 'The New Normal'
Abramowitz at Emory University has developed a model for predicting elections, which he calls the "time for change" model. He looks at presidential approval ratings and GDP in June, as well as incumbency.
Typically, he says, "voters are reluctant to change parties after only one term. When you get to second term or later, they're more willing to make that change."
Using this model, Obama should be poised to win the popular vote by 1 percent, Abramowitz says. But Abramowitz has noticed another development of late: partisanship.
"The advantage of incumbency has gotten smaller, because voters are less willing to cross party lines now," he says. "So when there's a Democratic president like now, Republicans are less willing to cross party lines to vote for him. As a result, the advantage is about half what it used to be."
Abramowitz and others are bracing for a nightmare scenario, similar to 2000, when George W. Bush won the electoral vote and Al Gore won the popular vote. That's a real possibility, says Goldford at Drake, particularly since Hurricane Sandy could suppress the popular vote in New York and New Jersey, even as these states go blue. If that happens, Goldford says, "this past four years will seem like a picnic compared to the next four years."
He pauses, remembering the chaos of 2000, the hanging chads and Supreme Court decision. "One thing I hope more than anything else," he says, "is that this is actually over on Tuesday night."
It may be a vain hope. Lawyers representing both sides are in place, ready to litigate and demand recounts in every close state.
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FORT WAYNE, Ind. (www.incnow.tv) - The National MIlitary History Center is seeing the benefits and downside of auctioning off pieces of World War Two history.
The museum was about $2.5 million dollars in debt. In order to save the building and some of the artifacts inside, hundreds of vehicles and other pieces of memorabilia were auctioned off Saturday. The auction raised $2,976,605.
A 1935-45 Daimler-Benz DB10 SdKfz 8 brought in $200,000 and was the top seller.
Bidders from around the world joined in at the museum, online and by phone and looked at 182 lots.
Auctions of America will be posting a full list of the results early in the week at www.auctionsamerica.com.
What are your thoughts CLICK HERE to leave us a "Your2Cents” comment.
© Copyright 2013 A Granite Broadcasting Station. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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SCV Outdoor Report: Scattered Near And Far...
Who has not stopped to observed wind-bourn seeds? As a child growing up in Wisconsin, I watched my father carefully break open dry milkweed pods.
I remember laughing with delight as a gust of wind picked up and carried away those silky, parachute-like seeds. Some seeds landed near my feet, but others travelled further than my eye could see. As a child, I was enchanted by the spectacle; I gave no thought to what exactly was happening.
Living things are constantly moving into new territory. Drifting, or being carried by the wind - is one of the five ways seeds travel into new territory. The other four are: (1) hitchhikers, (2) floaters, (3) spitters, and (4) droppers. And among the drifters, there are more than 7 different ways of taking advantage of the wind.
• Gliders (some tropical plants)
• Parachutes (Milkweed seeds)
• Helicopters (Maple seeds)
• Flutterers (Jacaranda seeds)
• Cottony (Cottonwood, cattails)
• Tumbleweed (Russian thistle)
• Miscellaneous (some native grasses)
Milkweed seeds are "Parachuters"; each seed has an almost weightless, silky tuft of hair that catches the wind and carries the seed downwind, sometimes a long way.
Sometimes a seed can be carried further than the eye can see. Sometimes as far as California. Happy Thanksgiving, Dad.
Upcoming Outdoor Events:
Saturday, November 21, 8-10 AM. Bird walk in Towsley Canyon. All year round, the habitats of Towsley Canyon attract a wealth of bird-life. Beginners are welcome. Bring your binoculars. 2 hours, easy walk. For a map, go here.
Friday, November 27, 9-11 AM. After Thanksgiving Hike at East and Rice Canyon. Come work off that pumpkin pie while you learn about the many ways the Native Americans used our local plants to meet their need. For a map, go here.
You can listen to stories like this every Friday morning at 7:10 a.m. on "The Hike Report", brought to you by your hometown radio station KHTS (AM1220) and by the Mountains Recreation and Conservation Authority.
For the complete MRCA hike and activity schedule and for trail maps, go to www.LAMountains.com.
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Figures released today reveal smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in every local government area in the State, claiming the lives of almost 4000 Victorians annually.
The data, prepared by The Cancer Council Victoria covering the period 2002-2005, details lives lost to smoking in every local government area throughout Victoria showing smoking-caused deaths outstrip deaths caused by illicit drugs, alcohol, and road deaths.
On average out of every 1000 deaths in Victoria:
- 119 are caused by smoking
- 24 are caused by alcohol
- 12 are caused by road deaths
- 3 are caused by other drugs, including heroin.
The data includes deaths caused by lung cancer and other smoking-caused cancers, heart disease, stroke, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Victoria's peak health bodies including The Cancer Council Victoria, the Heart Foundation (Victoria), Quit Victoria, the Australian Medical Association (Victoria), Asthma Victoria, Diabetes Australia (Victoria), the National Stroke Foundation, SIDS and Kids Victoria, the Centre for Adolescent Health, Optometrists Association Victoria, Australian Dental Association (Victorian Branch) and the Nossal Institute for Global Health today expressed their concerns about the devastating toll of smoking in Victorian communities
In a letter sent to all Victorian parliamentarians, the coalition of health groups urged MPs to consider the impact of smoking in their own communities and take further steps to reduce the overwhelming harms of tobacco, including offering support for a complete ban on the display of cigarette packets at retail outlets.
Epidemiologist at The Cancer Council of Victoria's Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Dr Dallas English, said the data shows smoking consistently remains the leading cause of preventable death in every local government area and provides a unique snapshot into the human tragedy associated of tobacco.
"Each number in the data released today represents a Victorian who has died, on average, 13 years before their time, leaving behind family and friends. While we have seen a lot of progress in the recent years in relation to tobacco control, these figures show there is still more to be done."
Quit Victoria's Executive Director, Ms Fiona Sharkie, said smoking deaths exceed those caused by illicit drugs, alcohol, and road deaths so every conceivable effort must be made to prevent children from taking up the deadly and addictive habit and to help those who do smoke to quit.
"Smoking is our biggest killer, yet the sad fact remains that each of the 11 deaths a day caused by smoking in Victoria could have been prevented."
"Half of long-term smokers will end up dying of a smoking-caused disease, but the good news is that it's never too late to quit and start feeling the immediate health benefits of being smokefree. Unfortunately, however, we are still dealing with a tobacco industry adept at making it hard for smokers to quit."
Victorian President of the Australian Medical Association, Dr Doug Travis, also expressed concern about the number of lives lost to smoking and called for more to be done to prevent children from taking up the habit.
"Every day, medical practitioners across the state are at the coalface of smoking-caused disease, dealing with the health effects of tobacco. Tobacco kills almost 4000 Victorians every year, and the fact is that most of these deaths will occur in people who started smoking before the age of 18 years."
"The State Government has proposed a range of reforms to protect young people from tobacco, and this data is a timely reminder of why the Government must stand strong in the face of pressure from the tobacco industry and their front groups who wish to block initiatives such as a complete ban on tobacco displays in shops.
"With so many Victorians losing the battle with smoking-caused disease every year there is simply no excuse to cave into the tobacco industry's expectations rather than continuing to protect the health of future generations."
The Heart Foundation Victoria's Executive Director, Kathy Bell, particularly encouraged the Government, who have flagged a ban on the display of cigarettes as a key proposal, to follow the lead of the New South Wales and enact a complete and comprehensive ban of cigarettes displays within a twelve-month period.
"Getting cigarettes out of sight in shops helps dismantle the idea that cigarette smoking is normal behaviour, and will reduce the rate of young people taking up smoking."
"By reducing the uptake of smoking in children we will reduce the immense toll of smoking in Victoria in future years, but to move forward in that process we must get cigarettes completely out off sight within one year so they can be out of mind sooner rather than later," said Ms Bell.
ph: (03) 9635 5400
mob: 0417 303 811
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U.S. Centers Begin CoreValve Clinical Trial Implants
December 22, 2010 – The first implants of the Medtronic CoreValve transcatheter aortic valve were made this week in the pivotal U.S. clinical trial.
The first CoreValve transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedure was performed by David H. Adams, M.D., and Samin K. Sharma, M.D., at The Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. A second CoreValve case took place this week at El Camino Hospital in Mountain View, Calif.; St. Francis Hospital, The Heart Center in Roslyn, N.Y., also has been activated in the trial and is screening patients.
CoreValve is a new treatment alternative to open‐heart surgery for patients with severe aortic stenosis. It will be investigated in more than 1,200 patients at up to 40 U.S. clinical trial sites.
“Through this trial, we are investigating a minimally invasive, nonsurgical alternative to open‐heart surgery for valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis,” said Adams, who is chair of the department of cardiothoracic surgery at Mount Sinai and is a national co‐principal investigator of the CoreValve U.S. clinical trial. “This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of the CoreValve system for use in the United States, where many thousands of patients are diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis every year.”
The CoreValve System is designed with self‐expandable technology to replace a diseased aortic valve percutaneously, usually through the femoral artery, without open‐heart surgery or surgical removal of the native valve. The CoreValve device is delivered through a controlled deployment delivery system.
“We are very excited with this first step in bringing this important transformational therapy to patients in the United States with life‐threatening aortic valve disease, particularly those patients who have limited surgical options,” said Jeffrey Popma, M.D., national co‐principal investigator of the CoreValve U.S. pivotal trial and director, interventional cardiology at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston.
The CoreValve System with the AccuTrak stability layer will be investigated in two independent studies, evaluating patients who have been deemed at high risk for aortic valve surgery and those who have been deemed at extreme risk for aortic valve surgery (i.e., inoperable). Clinical sites across the U.S. will be identified on www.clinicaltrials.gov.
For more information: www.aorticstenosistrial.com
More like this
- CoreValve Trial Revised, Patients Not Randomized to Medical Therapy
- Medtronic Completes Enrollment of Extreme Risk Patient Group in CoreValve U.S. Pivotal Trial
- Medtronic Completes High-Risk Patient Enrollment in CoreValve U.S. Pivotal Trial
- CoreValve Transcatheter Valve Trial Receives FDA Approval
- Enhanced Transcatheter Valve Delivery System Gains European Approval
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I have done extensive research on my Loiselle ancestry and found absolutely everything I could hope for. While doing that research I remember seeing a Joseph Loiselle and a Malvina Larocque in the several marriage registries I researched. However, I cannot remember now but I am suspicious we come from the same Loiselle branch, which comes from the Loiselle pioneer who settled in Montreal as distinct from the other Louis Loiselle pioneer who settled near Quebec City in the 1670's.
So, I will address you other interest: the Roots in France
Source: I have been lucky to find two priceless books, one of them an antique book. First, the book 'Nos Ancêtres' found in the Saint Anne de Bellevue shrine (half and hour east of Quebec City) This publication comprises several volumes, each relating the origins of a group of pioneer families, of which, the Loiselles. I believe vol. No. 21 or 23 contains info. on the Loiselle pioneer. According to this publication Louis Loiselle who married and settled in Montreal came from the region of Caen in France, that is in Normandie. Loiselle is supposed to be an old Normand name.
He came from precisely Saint Germain de la Blanche Herbe near Caen. So, if you descend from the Montreal pioneer this is it. I do not have anything about the Loiselle pioneer who settled in Charlebourg near Quebec City giving origin to a different branch of Loiselles.
The second very, very priceless book is ' Généalogies des Principales Familles du Richelieu' published in 1927, that is, it is an antique book only found in the National Archives or the Quebec Archives in Quebec City or Montreal. I was lucky to find it in an antique book sale in Montreal a few years ago. The author is: G.A. de Jordy,prêtre There you will find the most complete old genealogy of the Loiselle marriages in the region of the river Richelieu. This is the region where the first generations of the Loiselles from the Montreal branch settled and progressively some of them continue towards the states of New England (Massachusetts, Vermont, Rhode Island, Main). In this book, there is also a foot note which indicates Louis Loiselle our pioneer came from Saint Germain, Normandie.
I am a Loiselle from Chile. My Quebec ancestor Moise Loiselle went to the West with missionaries and then travelled to Chile, he married there and settled there. He had children and I am one of his third generation. I do have letters and pictures of his family in Quebec, some of them went to the West and some went to the New England states. Moise Loiselle's father was Prudent Loiselle from Saint Marc-sur-Richelieu and his mother Julie Tetrault-Ducharme. Prudent married again to Veronique Poulet and have more children of which Mathilde Loiselle who wrote the letters I have. HOpe to hear from you.
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For Maglev, I created a generic magnetism component that could be placed on any physics actor within a level. These magnets acted on top of Unreal’s physics system to create magnetic forces between objects. Working within Unreal’s physics system provided interesting challenges to overcome. I also worked extensively on camera and controls.
- In the following video you can see the magnetism implementation functioning.
- I did 95% of the total magnetism code, the camera and input systems.
- I did not do the pick up and throw mechanic or any art.
- Keep in mind this is within Unreal and done entirely through UnrealScript.
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Backyard Telescopes for New Planets
Is it Possible?
|Dr. Timothy Brown installing one of the telescopes that is part of the TrES network. These 4-inch-diameter telescopes have shown that even modest equipment can be used to discover new worlds.
Fifteen years ago, the largest telescopes in the world had yet to locate a planet orbiting another star. Today telescopes no larger than those available in department stores are proving capable of spotting previously unknown worlds. A newfound planet detected by a small, 4-inch-diameter telescope demonstrates that we are at the cusp of a new age of planet discovery. Soon, new worlds may be located at an accelerating pace, bringing the detection of the first Earth-sized world one step closer.
"This discovery demonstrates that even humble telescopes can make huge contributions to planet searches," says Guillermo Torres of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), a co-author on the study.
This is the first extrasolar planet discovery made by a dedicated survey of many thousands of relatively bright stars in large regions of the sky. It was made using the Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey (TrES), a network of small, relatively inexpensive telescopes designed to look specifically for planets orbiting bright stars. A team of scientists co-led by Edward Dunham of Lowell Observatory, Timothy Brown of NCAR, and David Charbonneau (CfA), developed the TrES network. The network's telescopes are located in Palomar Observatory (California, USA), Lowell Observatory (Arizona, USA), and the Canary Islands (Spain).
"The advantage of working as a network is that we can 'stretch the night' and monitor our fields for a longer time, increasing our chance of discovering a planet," says Georgi Mandushev (Lowell Observatory), a co-author of the paper.
This research study is posted online and will appear in an upcoming issue of The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
|Combining the light from the twin giant Mauna Kea telescopes will produce images capable of resolving Jupiter-size planets orbiting nearby stars.
"It took several Ph.D. scientists working full-time to develop the data analysis methods for this search program, but the equipment itself uses simple, off-the-shelf components," says co-author David Charbonneau (CfA/Caltech).
Although the small telescopes of the TrES network made the initial discovery, follow-up observations at other facilities were required. Observations at the W. M. Keck Observatory which operates the world's two largest telescopes in Hawaii for the University of California, Caltech, and NASA, were particularly crucial in confirming the planet's existence.
The newfound planet is a Jupiter-sized gas giant orbiting a star located about 500 light years from the Earth in the constellation Lyra. This world circles its star every 3.03 days at a distance of only 4 million miles (6 million kilometers), much closer and faster than the planet Mercury in our solar system.
Although such planets are relatively common, astronomers used an uncommon technique to discover it. This world was found by the "transit method," which looks for a dip in a star's brightness when a planet crosses directly in front of the star and casts a shadow. A Jupiter-sized planet blocks only about 1/100th of the light from a Sun-like star, but that is enough to make it detectable.
"This Jupiter-sized planet was observed doing the same thing that happened in June when Venus moved across (or transited) the face of our Sun," says Mandushev. The difference is that this planet is outside of our solar system, roughly 500 light years away."
To be successful, transit searches must examine many stars because we only see a transit if a planetary system is located nearly edge-on to our line of sight. A number of different transit searches currently are underway. Most examine limited areas of the sky and focus on fainter stars because they are more common, thereby increasing the chances of finding a transiting system. However the TrES network concentrates on searching brighter stars in larger swaths of the sky because planets orbiting bright stars are easier to study directly.
"All that we have to work with is the light that comes from the star," says Tim Brown (NCAR), a study co-author. "It's much harder to learn anything when the stars are faint."
|SIM, scheduled for launch in 2009, will determine the positions and distances of stars several hundred times more accurately than any previous program.
Credit: NASA / JPL
Most known extrasolar planets were found using the "Doppler method," which detects a planet's gravitational effect on its star by looking for motions in the star's spectrum, or rainbow of colors. However, the information that can be gleaned about a planet using the Doppler method is limited. For example, only a lower limit to the mass can be determined because the angle at which we view the system is unknown. A high-mass brown dwarf whose orbit is highly inclined to our line of sight produces the same signal as a low-mass planet that is nearly edge-on.
"When astronomers find a transiting planet, we know that its orbit is essentially edge-on, so we can calculate its exact mass. From the amount of light it blocks, we learn its physical size. In one instance, we've even been able to detect and study a giant planet's atmosphere," says Charbonneau.
|The Terestrial Planet Finder will search for Earth-like planets orbiting 250 of the closest stars.
The TrES survey examined approximately 12,000 stars in 36 square degrees of the sky (about half of the size of the bowl of the Big Dipper) in the constellation Lyra. Roi Alonso (IAC), a graduate student of Brown's, identified 16 possible candidates for planet transits. "The TrES survey gave us our initial line-up of suspects. Then, we had to make a lot of follow-up observations to eliminate the imposters," says co-author Alessandro Sozzetti (University of Pittsburgh/CfA).
After compiling the list of candidates in late April, the researchers used telescopes at CfA's Whipple Observatory in Arizona, Oak Ridge Observatory in Massachusetts, and Lowell Observatory in Arizona to obtain additional photometric (brightness) observations, as well as spectroscopic observations that eliminated eclipsing binary stars.
|HD 28185 b is the first exoplanet discovered with a circular orbit within its star's habitable zone. Credit: STScI Digitized Sky Survey
In a matter of two month's time, the team had zeroed in on the most promising candidate. High-resolution spectroscopic observations by Torres and Sozzetti using time provided by NASA on the 10-meter-diameter Keck I telescope in Hawaii clinched the case.
"Without this follow-up work the photometric surveys can't tell which of their candidates are actually planets. The proof of the pudding is a spectroscopic orbit for the parent star. That's why the Keck observations of this star were so important in proving that we had found a true planetary system," says co-author David Latham (CfA).
The planet, called TrES-1, is much like Jupiter in mass and size. It is likely to be a gas giant composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, the most common elements in the Universe. But unlike Jupiter, it orbits very close to its star, giving it a temperature of around 1500 degrees F.
Astronomers are particularly interested in TrES-1 because its structure agrees so well with theory, in contrast to the first discovered transiting planet, HD 209458b. The latter world contains about the same mass as TrES-1, yet is around 30% larger in size. Even its proximity to its star and the accompanying heat don't explain such a large size.
|Scene from a moon orbiting the extra-solar planet in orbit around the star HD70642.
Credit:David A. Hardy, astroart.org (c) pparc.ac.uk
"Finding TrES-1 and seeing how normal it is makes us suspect that HD 209458b is an 'oddball' planet," says Charbonneau.
TrES-1 orbits its star every 72 hours, placing it among a group of similar planets known as "hot Jupiters." Such worlds likely formed much further away from their stars and then migrated inward, sweeping away any other planets in the process. The many planetary systems found to contain hot Jupiters indicate that our solar system may be unusual for its relatively quiet history.
Both the close orbit of TrES-1 and its migration history make it unlikely to possess any moons or rings. Nevertheless, astronomers will continue to examine this system closely because precise photometric observations may detect moons or rings if they exist. In addition, detailed spectroscopic observations may give clues to the presence and composition of the planet's atmosphere.
The paper, "TrES-1: The Transiting Planet of a Bright K0V Star," describing these results is authored by: Roi Alonso (IAC); Timothy M. Brown (NCAR); Guillermo Torres and David W. Latham (CfA); Alessandro Sozzetti (University of Pittsburgh/CfA); Georgi Mandushev (Lowell Observatory), Juan A. Belmonte (IAC); David Charbonneau (CfA/Caltech); Hans J. Deeg (IAC); Edward W. Dunham (Lowell Observatory); Francis T. O'Donovan (Caltech); and Robert Stefanik (CfA). The W.M. Keck Observatory is operated by the California Association for Research in Astronomy, a scientific partnership of the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Funding for the research that led to this planet's discovery was provided by NASA's Origins of Solar Systems Program.
Related Web Pages
The University of California Planet Search Project
Astrobiology Magazine New Planets
Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia
Planet Quest (JPL)
Space Interferometry Mission
Three Tough Questions
Frequent Wet Earths?
Habitability: Betting on 37 Gem
Discovering New Worlds
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Every semester I take my Roosevelt University undergraduate students on field trips — hands-on learning experiences that allow us to put some of the academic ideas we’ve studied into practice, work together in teams, and create a sense of community. That’s especially important in online classes, where virtual interaction is intense and sustained, but face to face action is rare or nonexistent.
This fall at RU’s Schaumburg Campus, my Sustainability Studies 220 Water course’s hybrid format (a combination of occasional Saturday sessions plus weekly online interaction) is ideal for scheduling field trips to likely sites of interest. Normally I would wait until one-third of the way through the semester before venturing on a trip with a group of students — but since SUST 220 had a long Saturday campus session to kick off the semester and early September is usually a good time to be outside in the Chicago area, we decided to get right to it.
So after two hours of morning lecture and discussion on September 10th and meeting each other for the first time, my students and I enjoyed a picnic lunch in the campus courtyard and then headed over to Busse Woods, one of the largest holdings within the Cook County Forest Preserve system (at 3,700 acres), for field-based introduction to water quality sampling techniques.
Busse Woods, aka the Ned Brown Forest Preserve, is a massive and multi-functional piece of green infrastructure in the northwest suburban region, a culturally significant recreation site for the many communities it serves, and a fascinatingly complex mosaic of northern Illinois ecosystems — riverine, woodland, wetland, and prairie. The preserve directly borders the suburbs of Rolling Meadows, Arlington Heights, Elk Grove Village, and Schaumburg; but within a short drive or even bike ride are numerous other communities, including Palatine, Prospect Heights, Mount Prospect, Des Plaines, Wood Dale, Itasca, Roselle, Hoffman Estates, and Inverness. People in these suburbs and beyond converge on Busse Woods year-round to boat, bike, hike, rollerblade, picnic, fly model airplanes, visit the elk herd (yes, elk!), and more, making it one of the most-heavily used forest preserve units in Cook County. Fortunately, the preserve’s sheer size and diverse offerings of groves, parking areas, meadows, and trails enable it to accommodate all this activity and still provide much needed open space for the region and the chance of someone to roam within an extensive natural area. The Cook County Forest Preserve and the Friends of Busse Woods actively work on conservation and restoration projects in the preserve.
Just to the southeast is O’Hare Airport, which at approximately the same size as the preserve represents a completely different way of using land — the concrete and asphalt “hardscape” of O’Hare strongly contrasts with the verdant landscape of Busse Woods. Besides recreational opportunities and open space for its human visitors, Busse harbors a significant amount of regional biodiversity:
the 440-acre Busse Forest Nature Preserve, located in the northeast section of the Forest Preserve unit, is not only a state-designed nature preserve (the third one so dedicated, in 1965) but also a National Natural Landmark. This protected area harbors bottomland flatwoods, extensive wetlands, and upland forest, some of which are in the process of restoration.
Busse Woods is home to a couple of significant water features including Salt Creek, which was the first stop on our trip. After hiking through a forest-and-wetland path along the northern border of the woods, we came to the Golf Road overpass of Salt Creek, where the river south into the preserve before it empties into Busse Lake, a sprawling artificial reservoir created by a dam structure at the south end of the preserve. Using a couple of different water quality field testing kits, we sampled the creek and measured a range of physical/chemical water quality indicators: chlorine, copper, dissolved oxygen, hardness, iron, nitrate, pH (acidity), phosphate, temperature, turbidity, and total coliform bacteria. In doing so, we not only took the ecological pulse of Salt Creek at one point in time, we also learned how to use our sampling equipment, compared test results from different measurement procedures, assessed the possible sources of error in our data collection, and analyzed the impact of the surrounding landscape upon the water quality of Salt Creek.
You can see our tabulated results here: Water Quality Data and Results for Salt Creek and Busse Lake 10 Sept 2011 (pdf).
The entire Busse Woods preserve is a significant green space within the Salt Creek Upper Watershed, as it receives stormwater run-off from the eastern half of Schaumburg via the main channel of Salt Creek as well as the Creek’s West Branch. That tributary is important for another reason, as it flows through the heart of Schaumburg before passing around the periphery of the John Egan Wastewater Treatment plant of the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District.
The Egan plant’s treated effluent is piped into the West Branch, which then flows east under I-290 to empty into the South Pool of Busse Reservoir. Partly for that reason, we chose to sample water from the shoreline of the South Pool as our second sampling site of the day. (Interestingly, the data from that site were quite comparable to those we gathered much farther north at Salt Creek.)
In this sense, then, Busse Lake is a giant detention pond for stormwater run-off from several suburban communities (either directly or via Salt Creek) and treated wastewater from Schaumburg. As such, it is a flood control structure for Salt Creek, which runs south/southeast out of the preserve and drains several western suburban communities before joining the Des Plaines River near Brookfield.
Effective water retention in Busse Lake means reduced flooding in downstream communities, though the persistence of flooding in the western suburbs means the reservoir as currently configured is only a partial solution. Nevertheless, the larger forest preserve complex of wetlands, prairies, and woodlands — of which the lake is but a part — act like a giant sponge for the surrounding towns and villages, absorbing precipitation and run-off from a wide area and releasing it slowly to the atmosphere and to Salt Creek.
In short, Busse Woods are a vital component of the hydro-ecology of the Upper Salt Creek Watershed. In turn, as a stream that winds through a score of suburban communities and which is a major tributary of the Des Plaines River, Salt Creek is a waterway that displays the impacts of urbanization on natural systems, even as it provides vital green space for half a million citizens in the Chicago area. It’s also an ideal ecosystem in which to explore and assess the need for sustainable water management as a means of improving the quality of our region’s surface waters and minimizing the risk of pollution and flooding within the watershed.
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Close is Perfect
The only gift we can all afford this holiday season
We look to the holiday season to lift our spirits and yet come January we are sometimes utterly depressed because our expectations were not met. There is reason to hope despite our engagement in two wars (or, to be more exact, one war and one occupation); facing global financial insecurity because of corporate greed; people losing their homes to foreclosure; millions of others who have no medical safety net; still more who are homeless, hungry or living under brutal and repressive regimes in Africa and around the world. Despite all this and more, there is reason to hope as we embark on the holiday season. In the center of all of this, in the center of our lives as families, faith communities, neighborhoods — our life together on planet earth — dwells the Prince of Peace. At the very center of who we are dwells the nonviolent One, Jesus the Christ. Our greatest power and our greatest gift come from a manger in Bethlehem and a cross on Calvary: the gift of nonviolence.
The occupying Roman army surrounded the manger; the Cross resulted from the rich and powerful brought to their knees by a nonviolent love they had to kill. Only death of the innocent would keep their pride and prestige from being tarnished, or, God forbid, keep them from acting justly and compassionately toward others. If our greatest gift were the sword, the power to make war and subdue enemies, the Gospels would be completely different from how they are written. People say that the Gospel message is impractical and they are absolutely correct; but it is the ideal to which we are called by the Gospel. Rather than engage the Gospel, people run away, seeking safety in rules, regulations and rituals; marks of respect and places of honor. In our flight, we flee from meeting the needs of others and we flee from any possibility of experiencing in our lives the indwelling peace of Christ. It is only by living impractically, doing what seems impossible, that we will know the nonviolent peace of Jesus the Christ and the fullness of the Holy Spirit dwelling within us, as individuals and as a faith community.
So the question is, how do we walk from the here and now into January without getting overwhelmed or completely depressed? We do it by walking more slowly, with greater attention and awareness. We do it by simply not engaging in disputes about how the turkey ought to be stuffed, the lights hung or the hymns sung. We do it by not engaging our anger, resentments and unreasonable expectations. We do it by doing each small thing in front of us with care; doing the best we can without trying to be perfect or expecting perfection from others. My dad has always said, and I am beginning to believe it, “close is perfect.” We do it by lightening up on ourselves and others; relying not on our own power but on the Word of God and its power at work within us.
Time and money are often in short supply but the greatest gift we can give, and can all afford, is the gift of peace, offering a haven of nonviolence in a violent world, being truly present to one another in an isolating world; being the very gift of peace for others that Jesus came to give us.
[This article was originally published on December 19, 2008.]
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Natural selection has nothing to with that, although it is a common misconception. Natural selection is a key concept in evolution that refers to biological traits either becoming more or less common in an organism based on their functionality.
Like the first creature to develop primitive lungs, for example.
Plus, I am pretty sure hunting stopped being a challenge when we invented the snipe rifle, so i'm not really we need to determine if we are dominant or not over a tiny cat.
What you are thinking of is called "survival of the fittest".
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The R3 thrust area is focused on subsurface sensing and imaging challenges, that can be addressed by pursuing research in a number of computing disciplines. First, we have clearly identified a number of problems where the sheer number of computations performed on multi-dimensional data sets presents considerable computational barriers. The second area of focus involves the development and delivery of software engineered SSI toolboxes. Our goal here is to capture much of the algorithm development ongoing in the R2 thrust, and produce a set of software tools that can be used by both researchers and educators. Another area of focus of the R3 thrust addresses the issue of how to effectively manage the volumes of data that are being generated across the Center on a daily basis.
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Technology Review: Keeping Tabs
Here's a fascinating history of a small but influential idea that's touched the lives of every librarian, accountant, office supply fetishist, and web surfer: **the tab**.
The original tab signaled an information storage revolution and helped enable everything from management consulting to electronic data processing.
The tab's story begins in the Middle Ages, when the only cards were gambling paraphernalia. Starting in the late 14th century, scribes began to leave pieces of leather at the edges of manuscripts for ready reference. But with the introduction of page numbering in the Renaissance, they went out of fashion.
Apparently, the modern index card really hit its stride after file cards -- and the "randomly accessible, infinitely modifiable arrangement of data" they afforded -- became the province of a company founded by Melvil Dewey (yes, that Dewey):
His cards were made to last, made from linen recycled from the shirt factories of Troy, NY. His card cabinets were so sturdy that I have found at least one set still in use, in excellent order. Dewey also standardized the dimension of the catalogue card, at three inches by five inches, or rather 75 millimeters by 125 millimeters. (He was a tireless advocate of the metric system.)
And for this magical mashup of index cards and the little popup dividers that separate and organize them, we can apparently thank the ingenuity of one James Gunn.
The tab was the idea of a young man named James Newton Gunn (1867–1927), who started using file cards to achieve savings in cost accounting while working for a manufacturer of portable forges. After further experience as a railroad cashier, Gunn developed a new way to access the contents of a set of index cards, separating them with other cards distinguished by projections marked with letters of the alphabet, dates, or other information.
I'd love to see James Burke do a whole series just on information, media, and the physical inventions that brought us to where we are. I'm a total dork for stuff like this.
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Divide into teams. One student comes up and teacher hands him a SM card. He must draw a picture to represent that SM while his team guesses the reference. (Can be timed if needed.)
Cannot draw words or numbers, no making sounds or hand gestures.
If you want to take this to a new level, then have the student roll a dice and do accordingly:
#1 or #4 Draw the clue
#2 or #5 Mold the clue out of clay
#3 or #6 Act out the clue (Charades)
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Keep Them Busy: Christmas Crafts for Kids
Keep active little minds and bodies engaged this winter break with some clever crafts for kids. Simple supplies and scraps of fabric come together to create colorful Finger Puppets (adding a small screw eye to the top turns them into insta-ornaments too!) Keep younger kids busy making pretend cookies and baked goods with Gingerbread Playdough. It smells delicious, looks like the real thing but is purely for play. Is your little one a decorator in the making? Have them create their own Hanging Paper Tree accents from patterned papers and trinkets – they look adorable suspended from curtain rods as holiday decor. To finish off the day, help them whip up a batch of Marshmallow Sugarplums to share with friends!
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Apollo Sharkminnow (Luciosoma spilopleura)
From The Aquarium Wiki
|This page requires additional images.|
Click here for details about uploading pictures to The Aquarium Wiki.
283,905.884 mL 283.9 Litres (75 US G.)
9.843 in 20-25 cm (7.9-9.8")
6.5 - 7.0
534.87 °R 300.15 K
540.27 °R24 -27 °C (75.2-80.6°F)
- Apollo Sharkminnow, Apollo Shark
- Mature females will be thicker and rounder in the body than males. Can be tricky to sex.
- A large and active fish that may bully one another of their own kind if not kept in large enough surroundings. Should only be kept with robust similar sized fish as smaller fish may be viewed as food, such as Tinfoil Barbs and Bala Sharks.
- Is naturally a predator, and will eat live fish smaller than itself. They do accept frozen and dry foods and can be kept on a diet excluding live fish. Most food that reaches the tank floor may be ignored by the Apollo Shark.
- Either feed once a day with a larger amount of food or twice daily with less food. If being fed with messy foods (frozen fish, beefheart etc.), feed only every 2 to 3 days.
- The tank itself should be rather long and wide as to provide as much swimming room as possible for the active fish. The tank décor doesn't really matter as far as these fish are concerned; the only thing to take into consideration is that these fish need space, and decorations should not clutter the upper tank layers. Provide some form of water flow from either a powerhead or a power filter.
- A fast and active fish that should only be kept in groups in larger tanks. Specimens being housed together in smaller tanks may pick on each other to the point where the smaller/weaker ones may starve.
- Will eat smaller fish if given the chance, and may harass other fish of the upper tank layers.
- Will normally cruise the tanks upper and middle levels, and may occasionally swim near the bottom, should there be food there or if they are stressed.
- Has a long, cylindrical body with a pointed snout. The dorsal fin is set far back and the caudal fin is forked. Healthy specimens may display a greenish colour.
- Has a very different shape to other Cyprinids, but is very similar to other Luciosoma spp. However, this is the most commonly occurring species in the hobby, so differentiation methods won't be necessary.
- Fishbase (Mirrors: )
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AUGUSTA (AP) — A proposal to ban text messaging while driving is emerging as a likely issue before the next session of the Maine Legislature.
Maine lawmakers passed a law last year that attempted to deal with all forms of distracted driving. But some lawmakers say it doesn't go far enough.
State Sen. Bill Diamond, who sponsored the distracted driving law and is running for re-election, says he'd introduce a bill to ban texting while driving. The Windham Democrat says evidence continues to grow that as mobile phone technology expands, more and more people are texting and taking advantage of other mobile Internet technologies while driving.
Congress is considering legislation to push all states to ban texting by drivers. Some states and cities have passed or are considering similar laws.
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Joe Friedman, who wrote the excellent Inside New York: Discovering the Classic Interiors of New York, describes Brooklyn’s Williamsburgh Savings Bank Building on Ashland and Hanson Place as ‘the tallest and most Priapic commercial building in Brooklyn.’
Pause while I let you look up ‘priapic’.
The ‘Willie’ was built by the architectural firm Halsey, McCormack and Helmer from 1927-1929. It is 512 feet tall, and can be seen from Brooklyn housetops as far away as Bay Ridge and Dyker Heights. It is the tallest building in Brooklyn and one of the two tallest buildings on Long Island. Its four-faced clock was the largest in the world in 1929, and held the title until 1962, when it was surpassed by the clocks on the Allen Bradley Building in Milwaukee. The ground-floor banking room boasts a 63-foot ceiling, and windows overlooking Hanson Place are 40 feet high.
The crowning dome was built as a homage to the other Brooklyn Williamsburgh Bank building, on Broadway in Williamsburg (the bank has an h, the neighborhood does not). Since 1987, the two buildings have been a part of the Republic National Bank and subsequently, the Hong Kong Shanghai Banking Corporation.
So far, so NOT Forgotten. Every Brooklyn resident pretty much knows about the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Building. But, since 1977, you haven’t been able to see Brooklyn from the Williamsburgh Savings Bank. Forgotten Fan Doug Douglass had the opportunity to do just that from the usually closed observation deck on the 26th floor in 2000.
From Seth Robbins and Robert Neuwirth’s Time Out New York article of April 22, 1999:
Once upon a time, in the swellest city around, a guy could take a date to the tops of the jazziest roosts in the burg. You might impress her at the 500-foot high hangout overlooking Times Square. Or you could snag lunch and sit atop your pick of four slick spires way downtown. You could even walk into uptown buildings so fancy you felt like Croesus himself, catch an elevator and walk outside a thousand feet up, the whole never-sleepin’ shebang at your feet.
This was New York during the golden age of public observation decks. In the 1880s, nearly all of our highest towers’ tops were open top the public; by the 1930s, there were 11 skyscraping public observation decks. Higher than 800 feet were the downtown decks at 22 William Street, 70 Pine Street and 40 Wall Street. Almost as high was the deck at the Woolworth Building, the “Cathedral of Commerce”. Times Square had the Paramount, the corner of 42nd and Lex flaunted both the Chrysler and the Chanin. And who could forget the RCA, the Empire State and Riverside Church’s tower? Even Brooklyn weighed in, with the highest structure between Manhattan and Paris, the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower.
While no one was looking, though, New York’s once-public skies were gradually declared off-limits. Only the Empire State Building, 2 World Trade Center and Riverside Church (Sundays only) are open now. And while glorious, they are reminders of all lost panoramas.
While the Williamsburgh Savings Bank was the tallest building in Brooklyn until the opening of the Brooklyner Tower, it wasn’t the tallest structure. That distinction went to the 597-foot tall radio/TV tower at Brooklyn Tech High School on Fort Greene Place (foreground).
Beyond Brooklyn Tech can be seen Fort Greene Park and the Williamsburg Bridge.
The tall, white column seen just below the radio tower in the center of the picture is the 1908 Prison Ship Martyr’s Monument, designed by McKim, Mead and White. It was erected in honor of the over 11,000 Americans who died in eleven British prison ships anchored in Wallabout Bay (where the Navy Yard is now) between 1776 and 1783. Remains of the prisoners were still washing up on the shore well into the 1800s.
This closeup shot of the same scene emphasizes the Citibank Tower in Long Island City. The 45-story building on Jackson Avenue can be seen at ground level from as far away as downtown Brooklyn and indeed from most points around the city.
Brooklyn’s downtown towers are in the foreground, Manhattan’s in the background. The most recognizable structures are the twin World Trade Center towers. The V at the bottom of the shot is Flatbush Avenue on the right and Schermerhorn Street on the left.
The red brick building at the bottom left is the 1894 Baptist Temple. The confluence of Flatbush, Lafayette and Third Avenues is known as Temple Square.
The dome at the extreme right is the Dime Savings Bank on DeKalb Avenue and Fulton Street. It was built in a Greek Temple revival style in 1907. A visit to its lobby is a highlight of any shopping trip to the Fulton Mall. Look for the giant Mercury dimes at the top of the Corinthian columns!
The now-destroyed Twin World Trade Center Towers loom at the rear.
Fourth Avenue, the link from downtown to Sunset Park and Bay Ridge, stretches off into the distance.
In that distance, through the haze on a hot sticky May day, can be seen the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, there since 1964. On the right is Upper New York Bay.
The Long Island Rail Road has seen service from downtown Brooklyn to eastern Long Island since 1834. This is a large LIRR train yard between Flatbush and Vanderbilt Avenues along Atlantic Ave. The reverse-L-shaped building in the foreground is the new Atlantic Commons shopping center which opened in 1995. Pacific Street, to the north of the trainyard, featured a New York Daily News printing plant until the 1980s.
On the right, Flatbush Avenue marches southeast to Grand Army Plaza, the patch of green in the upper right.
Until the end of the 1970s, the area directly to the east of the Long Island Railroad terminal along Atlantic Avenue was devoted mainly to meatpacking businesses and slaughterhouses. These have vanished now, and the area is being converted to residential and commercial purposes, as new buildings are springing up along Atlantic Avenue and the streets north of it.
In 2012 the Barclays Center, home of the Brooklyn Nets, was under construction in the foreground. A furious battle between developer Bruce Ratner and residents of the buildings displaced by the Atlantic Yards project was waged for years.
Above photos by Doug Douglass.
The bank tower was converted to pricey residences in the late 2000s. The building’s observation deck, with historic vistas denoted by these plaques dating to 1976, is no longer open to the public but still there. Photos: Moses Gates/Mike Epstein
Inside New York, Discovering the Classic Interiors of New York City, Joe Friedman, 1998 Phaidon.
BUY this book at Amazon.COM
The Landmarks Of New York City, Barbaralee Diamondstein, 1998 Harry N. Abrams.
BUY this book at Amazon.COM
New York From The Air, Yann-Arthus Bertrand and John Tauranac, 1998 Harry N. Abrams.
BUY this book at Amazon.COM
5/13/2000; rev 2012
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Sustainability adds to profit for one-third of companies
One-third of companies making changes for sustainability report an increase in profit.
More than a third of U.S. companies say their efforts to boost sustainability have, in turn, generated profits for their businesses, according to a report from Bloomberg.
Roughly 37 percent of the executives and managers surveyed for an annual study by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Boston Consulting Group said eco-friendly initiatives have resulted in financial gains for their companies. That's up from 31 percent from the 2012 study.
Almost half — 48 percent — of the 2,600 survey respondents said they have implemented measures to improve sustainability, according to the report.
The study found that firms in developing countries are more likely to adapt their business models for sustainability, possibly due to starker challenges presented by resource scarcity and climate change.
North America had the lowest percentage of companies changing their business models as a result of sustainability.
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