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Freda Kelly was just a shy Liverpudlian teenager when she was asked to work for a local band hoping to make it big: The Beatles. History now notes that The Beatles were together for 10 years, but Freda worked for them for 11. Many people came in and out of the band's circle as they grew to international stardom, but Freda remained a staple because of her unfaltering loyalty and dedication.
In GOOD OL' FREDA, Freda tells her personal stories for the first time in 50 years. One of few films produced with the support of the living Beatles and featuring original Beatles music, the film offers an insider perspective on the beloved band that changed the world of music.
Official Selection SXSW Film Festival
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Historical climatology is the study of historical changes in climate and their effect on human history and development. This differs from paleoclimatology which encompasses climate change over the entire history of the earth. The study seeks to define periods in human history where temperature or precipitation varied from what is observed in the present day. The primary sources include written records such as sagas, chronicles, maps and local history literature as well as pictorial representations such as paintings, drawings and even rock art. The archaeological record is equally important in establishing evidence of settlement, water and land usage.
Techniques of historical climatology
In literate societies, historians may find written evidence of climatic variations over hundreds or thousands of years, such as phenological records of natural processes, for example viticultural records of grape harvest dates. In preliterate or non-literate societies, researchers must rely on other techniques to find evidence of historical climate differences.
Past population levels and habitable ranges of humans or plants and animals may be used to find evidence of past differences in climate for the region. Palynology, the study of pollens, can show not only the range of plants and to reconstruct possible ecology, but to estimate the amount of precipitation in a given time period, based on the abundance of pollen in that layer of sediment or ice.
Evidence of climatic variations
The eruption of the Toba supervolcano, 70,000 to 75,000 years ago reduced the average global temperature by 5 degrees Celsius for several years and may have triggered an ice age. It has been postulated that this created a bottleneck in human evolution. A much smaller but similar effect occurred after the eruption of Krakatoa in 1883, when global temperatures fell for about 5 years in a row.
Before the retreat of glaciers at the start of the Holocene (~9600 BC), ice sheets covered much of the northern latitudes and sea levels were much lower than they are today. The start of our present interglacial period appears to have helped spur the development of human civilization.
Human record
Evidence of a warm climate in Europe, for example, comes from archaeological studies of settlement and farming in the Early Bronze Age at altitudes now beyond cultivation, such as Dartmoor, Exmoor, the Lake district and the Pennines in England. The climate appears to have deteriorated towards the Late Bronze Age however. Settlements and field boundaries have been found at high altitude in these areas, which are now wild and uninhabitable. They include Dartmoor and Exmoor as well as the Pennines and Lake District in the United Kingdom. Grimspound on Dartmoor is well preserved and shows the standing remains of an extensive settlement in a now inhospitable environment.
The Medieval Warm Period was a time of warm weather between about AD 800–1300, during the European Medieval period. Archaeological evidence supports studies of the Norse sagas which describe the settlement of Greenland in the 9th century AD of land now quite unsuitable for cultivation. For example, excavations at one settlement site have shown the presence of birch trees during the early Viking period. The same period records the discovery of an area called Vinland, probably in North America, which may also have been warmer than at present, judging by the alleged presence of grape vines. The interlude is known as the Medieval Warm Period.
Little Ice Age
Later examples include the Little Ice Age, well documented by paintings, documents (such as diaries) and events such as the River Thames frost fairs held on frozen lakes and rivers in the 17th and 18th centuries. The River Thames was made more narrow and flowed faster after old London Bridge was demolished in 1831, and the river was embanked in stages during the 19th century, both of which made the river less liable to freezing. Among the earliest references to the coming climate change is an entry in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles dated 1046:
- "And in this same year after the 2nd of February came the severe winter with frost and snow, and with all kinds of bad weather, so that there was no man alive who could remember so severe a winter as that, both through mortality of men and disease of cattle; both birds and fishes perished through the great cold and hunger."
The Chronicle is the single most important historical source for the period in England between the departure of the Romans and the decades following the Norman Conquest. Much of the information given in the Chronicle is not recorded elsewhere.
The Little Ice Age brought colder winters to parts of Europe and North America. In the mid-17th century, glaciers in the Swiss Alps advanced, gradually engulfing farms and crushing entire villages. The River Thames and the canals and rivers of the Netherlands often froze over during the winter, and people skated and even held frost fairs on the ice. The first Thames frost fair was in 1607; the last in 1814, although changes to the bridges and the addition of an embankment affected the river flow and depth, diminishing the possibility of freezes. The freeze of the Golden Horn and the southern section of the Bosphorus took place in 1622. In 1658, a Swedish army marched across the Great Belt to Denmark to invade Copenhagen. The Baltic Sea froze over, enabling sledge rides from Poland to Sweden, with seasonal inns built on the way. The winter of 1794/1795 was particularly harsh when the French invasion army under Pichegru could march on the frozen rivers of the Netherlands, while the Dutch fleet was fixed in the ice in Den Helder harbour. In the winter of 1780, New York Harbour froze, allowing people to walk from Manhattan to Staten Island. Sea ice surrounding Iceland extended for miles in every direction, closing that island's harbours to shipping.
The severe winters affected human life in ways large and small. The population of Iceland fell by half, but this was perhaps also due to fluorosis caused by the eruption of the volcano Laki in 1783.Iceland also suffered failures of cereal crops and people moved away from a grain-based diet. The Norse colonies in Greenland starved and vanished (by the 15th century) as crops failed and livestock could not be maintained through increasingly harsh winters, though Jared Diamond noted that they had exceeded the agricultural carrying capacity before then. In North America, American Indians formed leagues in response to food shortages. In Southern Europe, in Portugal, snow storms were much more frequent while today they are rare. There are reports of heavy snowfalls in the winters of 1665, 1744 and 1886. In contrast to its uncertain beginning, there is a consensus that the Little Ice Age ended in the mid-19th century.
Evidence of anthropogenic climate change
Through deforestation and agriculture, some scientists have proposed a human component in some historical climatic changes. Human-started fires have been implicated in the transformation of much of Australia from grassland to desert. If true, this would show that even a primitive society could have a role in influencing regional climate. Deforestation, desertification and the salinization of soils may have contributed to or caused other climatic changes throughout human history.
For a discussion of recent human involvement in climatic changes, see Attribution of recent climate change.
See also
- Hubert Lamb
- Little Ice Age
- Medieval Warm Period
- Roman Warm Period
- Paleoclimatology, the pre-historical study of Earth's climate
- Global warming
- CLIWOC, Climatological database for the world's oceans (1750–1854)
- Temperature record
- Miller GH, Fogel ML, Magee JW, Gagan MK, Clarke SJ, Johnson BJ (July 2005). "Ecosystem Collapse in Pleistocene Australia and a Human Role in Megafaunal Extinction". Science 309 (5732): 287–290. Bibcode:2005Sci...309..287M. doi:10.1126/science.1111288. PMID 16002615.
- Climate History Network
- US Historical Climatology Network
- Historical climatology and the cultural memory of extreme weather events - Exploring Environmental History Podcast featuring Christian Pfister
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Filed under: Foreign Policy, Military, National Security, Terrorism, The United States | Tags: "Cut and Run Speech", Obama's Afghan Disaster, Way Forward in Afghanistan
President Obama’s “cut and run” Afghanistan speech has caused a blossoming of unintended consequences. “Can the last NATO ally out of Afghanistan please turn off the lights?” said the Wall Street Journal. By Thursday morning France’s Nicholas Sarkozy had endorsed the U.S. pullback and unveiled his own plans to withdraw a quarter of his own troops, starting next month.
Poland’s Prime Minister will conform their actions to the US strategy, and move their 2,560 soldiers from combat to training. Germany, Italy and Canada had already planned to reduce their troops. The U.S. does the bulk of the heavy fighting, and other NATO nations play a supporting role. If America says they’re heading out, their allies aren’t going to stick around.
The military leadership believes the decision is a mistake, especially the decision to withdraw the remainder of the surge troops by September 2012, but they have no choice but to endorse the president’s decision after giving him their best advice. The Chairman of the Joint chiefs said that they believe the decision will increase the risk to the troops and increase the chance that the mission will not succeed. The president’s decision is based on a political calculation, and he wants the troops out two months before the 2012 election, so he can brag about bringing our boys home.
Mr. Obama forgets that the Taliban will receive the news of his speech too, and will direct their efforts accordingly. he U.S made a huge mistake in turning its back on Afghanistan when the Soviets pulled out in 1989. Now Obama seems ready to make the same mistake.
Obama has been consistent in his opposition to the War in Iraq, calling it “a dumb war,” and indicating that the only real war was in Afghanistan to pursue Osama bin Laden. Clearly, his understanding of the military and what they do is unusually superficial. He doesn’t understand the language (corpse-man?), and I’d guess has never read a history of a war— any war. No Tom Clancy or Harold Coyle in his vacation reading either.
In both Iraq and Afghanistan he has made the mistake of telling our enemies there when we would leave, so they could make their plans accordingly. He is far more comfortable sending drones to kill the enemy than with military strategy, yet under Obama the U.S. casualty rate has increased 5-fold. The withdrawal plan signals to both our Afghan allies and enemy forces that the U.S. is more committed to withdrawing its forces than to the long-term go al of stabilizing the country. The words “win” or “victory” have never to my knowledge crossed his lips. Oh wait— there’s the ubiquitous “win the future.”
“Now,” he said, “we must unleash innovation that creates new jobs and industries, while living within our means. We must rebuild our infrastructure and find new and clean sources of energy. “
The man is obsessed with infrastructure (always crumbling), and maybe this time it will be “shovel-ready.” But did you notice that “living within our means.” Gosh, last year we spent a trillion dollars more than we received in revenue. Living within our means indeed!
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College students majoring in history traditionally follow a few select paths after graduation: teaching social studies in the K-12 school system...or continuing graduate study, aiming for a college/university professorship... or going on to law school. The Social Sciences Department at Marywood University has now added a new option for students intrigued by the relationship of our past to our present: Public History.
"It's a field where historians work with the public," says Alisha Hoffman-Mirilovich, history instructor at Marywood University. "They can work with documents, archives and museums."
After more than a year of planning, Mrs. Hoffman-Mirilovich says, the first public history courses were offered in the spring 2012 semester and the new social sciences concentration was well received. Previously, history students could choose political science, pre-law or education as their concentration. The new Public History option gives students more choices. It is the only program of its kind in the area.
But that is only the beginning....
Together with faculty member Jayashree Shamanna, Mrs. Hoffman-Mirilovich has been building contacts in the area and has already landed several public history projects for her students. In April, four students planned and organized an exhibit at the Everhart Museum in Scranton, PA, titled, "Titanic 2012: Explore the Legend and 100 Years of History." From the planning stages to the execution, students were directly involved with every aspect of the exhibit.
Through their research, the students discovered local ties to the Titanic, including local newspaper coverage just hours after its sinking as well as news of individuals from Northeastern Pennsylvania who traveled on the ship.
Marywood Public History students have also formed collaborations with the Waverly Community House, in Waverly, PA, and with the Steamtown National Historic Site.
"We have a lot of history here dealing with the collection and archives," says Pat McKnight, park historian and archivist at Steamtown. "The students will be doing some historical research and present a report about the equipment."
Over the years, Steamtown had acquired several train cars that are in dire condition. Hesitating to scrap the cars, McKnight decided to employ the help of Marywood's student historians to photograph, research and document the equipment with the aim of determining their historical value.
"When you're in school, everything is theoretical," says McKnight. "This will give them an opportunity to get some hands-on experience."
McKnight says he hopes to form more relationships with Marywood students in the future.
"Public history is a booming field, and it gives history majors options," Mrs. Hoffman-Mirilovich says. "We were convinced this would be a fantastic addition to our program."
With hands-on community experience and a strong theoretical foundation, Marywood public history students are making positive contributions to the community, helping to preserve the history, heritage and culture of the anthracite region.
"After our first semester, it has already exploded," explains Mrs. Hoffman-Mirilovich. "Now that we've started, it could keep growing."
Rate this news story:
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Young Comic Mines Ethnic Chinese Culture for Laughs
One of the youngest comedians scheduled to perform at the Jakarta International Fringe Festival next month, Dwika Putra, 23, launched his comedy career just last year. After performing at Stand Up Night Bandung, he appeared on local stand-up television shows “Open Mic,” “Stand Up Comedy Show” and “Sentilan Sentilun.”
The native Jakartan has bolstered his experience by performing at corporate events and appearing as the opening act for visiting international comedians.
At JakFringe, he will take to the stage on his own — a first for Dwika — followed by a performance by Australian musical comedian Sammy J.
Although Dwika has clocked up a significant number of performance hours in his brief career, it has not been easy.
“I feel that people usually take comedians lightly and say ‘Ah, it’s just a bunch of dumb people making other people laugh,’ ” he said. “But when you’re in it, it’s not that easy. We have to find techniques for presenting the material like public speaking, and the only weapon is your mic and your own body, so it’s really hard. Along with that, you need to make sure your content will make people laugh, because that is what they’re expecting.”
Speaking of his upcoming role at JakFringe, he said: “Having my own show is really frightening and scary, but exciting at the same time. What if no one shows up? What if no one likes my material? What if they hate me? But I have to try and this is a really good chance for me.”
Although stand-up comedy has only recently become popular in Indonesia, Dwika said he believes that the country has an abundant supply of comic material.
“Indonesia is very rich in the sense that there are a lot of things that we can incorporate into comedy, even traditional things like wayang,” he said. “It is a very harsh place to live, but we can always use some laughter and laughter is free. I hope stand-up will not disappear and is sustainable, because it is only now booming.”
Coming from a Chinese-Indonesian background, Dwika incorporates the humorous side of Chinese traditions into his comedy routine. He said he does this as a way of informing his fellow Indonesians about Chinese traditions and helping to stimulate discussion.
“I’m Chinese-Indo and we have some stupid traditions, like we are not allowed to take food before other people take their food because we would be stealing their luck,” he said. “It’s very trivial, funny and people just accept it. Also, people only see that I’m Chinese and they don’t know what the traditions are, they only see the surface of things.”
He added that his fellow Chinese-Indonesians so far haven’t taken offense at his comical portrait of Chinese customs. “They look at themselves and agree that it’s true,” he said.
JakFringe International Festival
To purchase tickets and to learn more about the festival, visit www.jakfringe.com.
The Jakarta International Fringe Festival, which will be held from Nov. 7-11, is organized by the Jakarta Comedy Club, beritasatu.com and thejakartaglobe.com.
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Lithuania is a republic on the east coast of the Baltic Sea and was formerly part of the Soviet Union. Missionaries preached in this land as early as 1937.
One of the first members of the Church from Lithuania was Irute Meskiene. She was baptized in Hungary in 1988. The first permanent missionaries were called to the republic in 1992.
On 20 May 1993, Elder M. Russell Ballard dedicated Lithuania for the preaching of the gospel. The service was attended by 27 people. Earlier he had said to the missionaries: “From this small beginning, you will see the Church grow and prosper here. There will be many branches and then a district and, in the Lord’s due time, there will be stakes. Who knows, if we could look out 50 years, perhaps a small temple” (“Four European Lands,” 7).
In 1996 the mission headquarters was moved from Latvia to Lithuania, and the mission was renamed the Lithuania Vilnius Mission. By the beginning of the year 2000 there were 499 members in 3 branches.
[Year-end 2005: Est. population, 3,596,000; Members, 791; Districts, 1; Branches, 4; Percent LDS, .02, or one in 4,763; Europe East Area; Baltic States Mission; Source: 2007 Church Almanac.]
“Four European Lands Dedicated.” Church News, 12 June 1993.
1999-2000 Church Almanac. Salt Lake City: Deseret News, 1998. 347-48.
DAVID R. CROCKETT
From Arnold K. Garr, Donald Q. Cannon, and Richard O. Cowan, eds., Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2000), 674. Used with the permission of the Deseret Book Company. Copies prohibited by law.
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Here is your chance to investigate the number 28 using shapes,
cubes ... in fact anything at all.
What could these drawings, found in a cave in Spain, represent?
Can you help the children in Mrs Trimmer's class make different
shapes out of a loop of string?
Can you find ways of joining cubes together so that 28 faces are
Investigate and explain the patterns that you see from recording
just the units digits of numbers in the times tables.
Choose a symbol to put into the number sentence.
In a square in which the houses are evenly spaced, numbers 3 and 10
are opposite each other. What is the smallest and what is the
largest possible number of houses in the square?
There are ten children in Becky's group. Can you find a set of
numbers for each of them? Are there any other sets?
Mathematicians are always looking for efficient methods for solving problems. How efficient can you be?
Can you find a way to identify times tables after they have been shifted up?
How could Penny, Tom and Matthew work out how many chocolates there
are in different sized boxes?
Many numbers can be expressed as the difference of two perfect
squares. What do you notice about the numbers you CANNOT make?
Use your skill and knowledge to place various scientific lengths in order of size. Can you judge the length of objects with sizes ranging from 1 Angstrom to 1 million km with no wrong attempts?
Can you explain the surprising results Jo found when she calculated
the difference between square numbers?
Use Farey sequences to obtain rational approximations to irrational
Investigate Farey sequences of ratios of Fibonacci numbers.
Can you find the maximum value of the curve defined by this
How do you choose your planting levels to minimise the total loss
at harvest time?
Small circles nestle under touching parent circles when they sit on
the axis at neighbouring points in a Farey sequence.
Investigate the effects of the half-lifes of the isotopes of cobalt
on the mass of a mystery lump of the element.
You found many different ways of finding the number on the reverse
of the hundred square.
Read the different justifications of the result of this problem.
This was a popular problem and many people have contributed to its
This problem was solved using visual techniques as well as proof by
In this article Jenny talks about Assessing Pupils' Progress and
the use of NRICH problems.
In this activity, the computer chooses a times table and shifts it.
Can you work out the table and the shift each time?
The first of three articles on the History of Trigonometry. This takes us from the Egyptians to early work on trigonometry in China.
A game that tests your understanding of remainders.
This article sets some puzzles and describes how Euclid's algorithm
and continued fractions are related.
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Image Number 4 for United States Patent #6251208.
A structure having fine ribs with a high dimensional precision is used as the rear panel of a plasma display or as a micro organism carrier for use in a chemical device. The present invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing such a structure at low cost. According to the invention, a composite sheet comprises a surface layer of silicone rubber and a base layer of a steel sheet. Grooves are formed in the surface layer, and filled with a paste material. The paste material is cured to form ribs. After a substrate is placed on the surface layer of the composite sheet, the composite sheet is pressed against the substrate from the base layer side, thereby compressing the ribs and adhering them to the substrate. Thereafter, the ribs and the substrate are removed from the composite sheet. As a result, a structure with fine ribs is obtained.
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Nelson, Petta awarded prestigious Packard Fellowships
Posted October 31, 2008; 11:38 a.m.
Celeste Nelson, an assistant professor of chemical engineering, and Jason Petta, an assistant professor of physics, have been chosen to receive the highly selective David and Lucile Packard Foundation's Fellowships for Science and Engineering.
The fellowship program was founded in 1988 to help promising early-career professors pursue science and engineering research with few restrictions and little paperwork. Each year a panel of distinguished scientists and engineers selects 20 researchers to receive $875,000 each over a period of five years.
Nelson received a Ph.D. in biomedical engineering from Johns Hopkins University in 2003. She conducted postdoctoral research at the Department of Cancer Biology at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, before joining the Princeton engineering faculty in 2007.
Her research focuses on understanding how the final architectures of living tissues and organs is determined, specifically focusing on how individual cells integrate complex biological signals (both biochemical and mechanical) dynamically and spatially within tissues to direct the development of organs.
Petta earned his Ph.D. in physics from Cornell University in 2003. He worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University before joining the Princeton faculty in 2007.
Petta is an experimental condensed matter physicist. His research group isolates single quantum states in semiconductor compounds by making super-small devices using advanced nanofabrication techniques. He is interested in controlling single quantum states in order to create "quantum bits," the elementary building blocks of a future quantum computer. In addition, he is performing experiments that will improve the understanding of how the fragile quantum states are destroyed due to interactions with the environment.
"The fellowship program provides significant funding for the fellows to advance their research to new levels at a critical period early in their careers," said Lynn Orr, a Packard Foundation trustee, the chair of the fellowship advisory panel and the Kellen and Carlton Beal Professor at Stanford University. "These talented scientists will use this funding to find innovative solutions to major scientific challenges."
The new class of fellows joins a distinguished group of researchers working across science and engineering disciplines, many of whom have gone on to win other distinguished awards. In the past 20 years, Packard fellows have contributed significantly in areas ranging from early universe observations to genetics of the human population, from quantum mechanics to ancient climates, and from cryptography to the rapid identification of viruses.
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Fact #420: April 17, 2006
Driving Less Due to Gasoline Prices
Nearly half of the respondents in a survey conducted March 10-12, 2006, said they had cut back significantly on the amount they drive due to the higher cost of gasoline. Fifty-nine percent of those in households earning less than $50,000 said they had cut back on driving; thirty-six percent of those in households earning $50,000 or more said the same. Also in this survey, 57% of the respondents indicated they would seriously consider buying or leasing a fuel-saving hybrid car.
|Share of respondents answering "yes"|
|Households earning less than $50,000||59%|
|Household earning more than $50,000||36%|
Source: CNN/USA Today/Gallup poll conducted March 10-12, N=1,001.
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This Will Have Been: Art, Love & Politics in the 1980s
Feb 11–Jun 3, 2012
Part ethnographic study, part personal narrative, Mary Kelly’s ambitious installation Interim examines historical constructions of femininity. One of four sections, Corpus (Latin for “body”) deals with the changes—both societal and psychological—experienced by women approaching middle age. Suspended in Plexiglas panels, photographs of small purses are paired with interviews Kelly conducted with middle-aged women. The word appel (French for “cry for help” or “appeal”), which labels each purse, was a term employed by French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (French, 1825–93), who used photographs of female patients to diagnose hysteria. In Kelly’s installation, the small purses—stereotypically seen as an object of desire for women—are pulled and twisted, showing signs of the inevitable passage of time. The artist’s decision to couple these images with text panels culled from personal interviews demonstrates how our culture’s desire for newness and youth affects both people and things.
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Laurie Bennett, Contributor
I examine the political, social & business networks of the rich.
City property records show that Marks and his wife, Nancy, paid $52.5 million to purchase the home from Courtney Sale Ross, widow of former Time Warner chairman Steve Ross.
The spread on the 12th and 13th floors includes eight bedrooms, 10 baths and six terraces.
The New York Observer reports that the sale sets a record for the most expensive co-op ever.
As Morgan Brennan of Forbes noted last month, 740 Park buyers pay cash.
Michael Gross wrote in “740 Park: The Story of the World’s Richest Apartment Building,” that residency here “offers what F. Scott Fitzgerald’s character Nick Carraway calls ‘the consoling proximity of millionaires.’ ”
It’s high time to change the m in millionaires to a b.
Other members of the Forbes 400 who have lived in the building include Henry Kravis and Ron Perelman.
One of the most storied addresses in the city, 740 Park was also home to Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis and John D. Rockefeller Jr.
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August 1, 2002 |
We followed the centuries old footprints in the sands of time in this land of blood and sand. Jaisalmer, spelt magic, and indeed magic it was. The desert, the inhospitable terrain, barren and desolate, added that extra flavour. The distances were long but exciting and thrilling. The desert, arid but fascinating. No wonder Rajasthanis were such a colourful lot to lend colour to the otherwise dry, colourless, hostile terrain. Jaisalmer fort appeared like something from the Arabian Nights.
April 14, 2011 |
Few Bengalis, at least in recent times, do not harbour a special feeling for Sonar Kella , the 'golden fort' made famous by Satyajit Ray's movie by that name. I am no exception. Thrilled by the film I saw as a child, I longed to make it to Jaisalmer fort one day... And one day, I did. As forts go, this one is more special than most, not only because it is made of the glowing yellow local stone that inspired Ray's moniker for it but because it is a 'living' one. Where but at Jaisalmer can a 21st century person stay in a medieval fort overnight?
April 27, 2012 |
JODHPUR: Reliance Power's photovoltaic solar power plant in Jaisalmer district, Rajasthan, has started commercial operations to provide electricity to thousands of households and businesses in Maharashtra . Under the power purchase agreement, the entire power generated by this plant would be supplied to Maharashtra. The plant is located, 180 km in the West of Jodhpur, and has one of the highest levels of solar irradiation in the country. "Reliance Power's Dahanu solar plant in Rajasthan has been connected with the national grid and started supplying power," Director of the Asian Development Bank's (ADB)
December 2, 2009 |
NEW DELHI: Two days after a Sukhoi fighter jet crashed, the second this year, the Indian Air Force has grounded its entire fleet of 100 SU-30 aircraft. "Following the crash at Jaisalmer in Rajasthan on Monday, the IAF has stopped flying all its Sukhoi planes and is conducting precautionary checks on each of the aircraft," an IAF official said on Wednesday. A Sukhoi fighter jet had crashed during a routine training sortie south-west of Pokharan firing ranges. The two pilots, Wing Commander Srivastava and Flight Lieutenant Arora had bailed out to safety.
June 15, 2003 |
JAISALMER: Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), exploring for hydrocarbons in Rajasthan, has found 'good quality heavy oil' from a well in Jaisalmer district. The oil contains high inflammatory contents whose vaporisation rate is almost zero, ONGC sources said. The heavy oil was struck in a well bored at Cheenwala Tibb in Kharapar area near the border in March, the sources said. The gas in the well contains 80 per cent hydrocarbons, they added. The oil, found at the depth of 1900 metres, is currently being analysed by scientists at the ONGC's laboratory in Dehra Dun. It is so thick that it does not vaporise even if kept in open, the sources said.
November 8, 2011 |
MUMBAI: Reliance Power has tied up loans of Rs 525 crore from US Exim Bank and Asian Development Bank to finance its 40-mw photovoltaic solar power project in Jaisalmer district in Rajasthan, company officials told ET. The Anil Ambani-led power generator, which has been facing fuelrelated issues in its coal and gasbased projects, is looking at expanding its renewable energy sources to reduce risks. The company aims to invest Rs 11,000 crore in the next three years to set up 500 mw of solar and 400 mw of wind energy capacity.
August 10, 2012 |
NEW DELHI: Mahindra Holidays & Resorts India today said it has acquired 'Royal Courts Jaisalmer', a 74-room resort from Divine Heritage Hotels for an undisclosed amount. The company has purchased "100 per cent equity share capital of Divine Heritage Hotels Pvt Ltd,", Mahindra Holidays & Resorts India (MHRIL) said a statement. Thirty five rooms of this 74-room property were already part of Club Mahindra network under an inventory arrangement, it added. Commenting on the acquisition, MHRIL Managing Director Rajiv Sawhney said: "Rajasthan is a key destination on India's tourism map and with Club Mahindra, Jaisalmer we strengthen our footprint....We will continue to add capacity in locations where Indians holiday.
January 17, 2013 |
KOLKATA: The company is setting up its second wind power plant at Ludarva in Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan with a capacity of 47.6 MW. The Rs 283-crore project will be executed through Gamesa Wind Turbines Private Ltd., which involves erection of 56 wind turbines, each of 850 KW rating. The project is scheduled to be completed in about eight months. The move is part of the diversification plans of National Aluminium Company Limited (Nalco), a navratna PSU, which has been foraying into other metals and energy sectors.
May 13, 2013 |
JAIPUR: Soaring petrol prices have forced the Army to look for other options in the SUV variant and it started summer trials of Mahindra Scorpio and Tata Safari in Thar desert in Rajasthan today. The vehicles are being driven by Army drivers to test their endurance, fuel consumption, temperature, cross country drive performance with and without load, power-to-wheel ratio among other factors, Army sources said. Two variants of Mahindra Scorpio and one variant of Tata Safari are under the trial on desert tracks in Jaisalmer in the western sector, they said.
March 19, 2013 |
JAISALMER: Pakistan's Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ( UAV) called 'Jasoos' have been spying on security arrangements and Army activities going on in the Indian side from the international border of Pakistan adjoining Rajasthan. In the recent past, activities of these UAVs have increased. These UAVs can be spotted at night as sparkling red lights and have become a subject of excitement and discussion among the security forces. They are active even during day time and can be recognized by the trail of smoke they leave behind.
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SPACE -- Life beyond Earth . . .
Techniques to find microbial life in the depths of our planet may be useful for determining whether there is life on Mars. At least that's the idea behind a five-year $5 million NASA project that taps the expertise of Tommy Phelps of Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Susan Pfiffner of the University of Tennessee. The project, headed by Indiana University, also takes advantage of ORNL's unique capabilities in genomics, material sciences and instrumentation. Phelps, Pfiffner and other scientists who are part of the 18-member team from eight research institutions have found evidence of microbial life from South African gold mine samples, which were up to 100 million years old at depths up to three kilometers. It's essential to explore water at those depths because it has not been affected by people. Because of the extreme conditions and the complexity involved in such an endeavor, researchers must develop indirect ways – such as methods to identify specific genes critical to survival of microbes – in their quest to determine the presence of life on Earth and beyond. [Contact: Ron Walli, 865-576-0226; firstname.lastname@example.org]
COMPUTING -- 10 trillion and counting . . .
With eight cabinets, 256 processors and 3.2 teraflops (3.2 trillion calculations per second) of computing power, Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Cray X1 is the largest of its type in the world. Add that total to the lab's IBM Cheetah with 4.5 teraflops, the SGI Ram with 1.5 teraflops and the IBM Eagle with 1 teraflop and the lab's Center for Computational Sciences boasts aggregate power of 10.2 teraflops. The Cray X1 has passed its acceptance test and is undergoing evaluation on a suite of scientific computer programs including global climate modeling, high-temperature superconductivity, astrophysics and fusion energy. ORNL is working with DOE to secure funds to expand the Cray X1 to 10 teraflops this year and to 100-plus teraflops in 2006. Meanwhile, the SGI system also has passed its acceptance test, and researchers plan to evaluate running the entire 256-processor system with just one copy of the operating system. If they're successful, it would push the limits and open new possibilities in the name of science. Finally, the IBM Cheetah is undergoing an upgrade that will quadruple the speed of messages inside the machine. The hope is that this could double the performance of some applications. [Contact: Ron Walli, 865-576-0226; email@example.com]
ASTROPHYSICS --Theory behind the spectacle . . .
New computer models have bolstered the case for a theory of what causes a white-dwarf supernova to occur. Under certain conditions, the massive stellar explosions happen when a white dwarf star in a binary system accretes material from its neighbor until, eventually, the big blast occurs. ORNL astrophysicists were among researchers who applied their computational and experimental support to work published in a paper by Arizona State University. The new models help explain why the white dwarf gathers the hydrogen from its companion instead of blowing off the material as it arrives. White-dwarf supernovae interest researchers because they are believed to be the stellar factories of the heavy elements such as iron, nickel and cobalt. They also have been used as "standard candles" for measuring astronomical distances. [Contact: Bill Cabage, 865-574-4399; firstname.lastname@example.org]
Source: Eurekalert & othersLast reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 21 Feb 2009
Published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.
Respect ... is appreciation of the separateness of the other person, of the ways in which he or she is unique.
-- Annie Gottlier
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Problem: You're tired first thing in the morning (upon waking)
Solution: This may indicate sleeping issues – inadequate hours, poor sleep quality or difficulties in getting to sleep and/or waking.
For a healthy sleep, look at the following:
- Aim for at least eight hours, or more if you're able to.
- Avoid stimulation such as computer work and the TV right before bed.
- Assess your bedroom environment. Make sure it's dark, quiet, well ventilated and that your bedding is comfortable.
- Consider a herbal sleep remedy such as valerian root to aid relaxation and improve sleep quality.
Or is it stress?
Stress and associated adrenal depletion may also account for a sluggish start to the day.
Include some dedicated relaxation practices such as meditation or tai chi, and consider herbs and nutrients that support the functioning of the body's adrenal glands (which produce our stress hormones).
Consider withania, Siberian ginseng, Korean ginseng or licorice and focus on the nutrients magnesium and vitamins C, B5 and B6.
A good multivitamin and mineral may be a great energy investment to cover your bases, with the added bonus of containing the full range of B complex vitamins, which assist your body in turning food into energy.
Problem: You slump at 10am
Solution: Consider what you had for breakfast as slumping at this time of day may be a sign of blood glucose level (BGL) imbalance, which can often require dietary intervention.
Start your day with a low glycaemic index (GI) meal, and be sure to include some protein. Pick one of the following to keep your BGLs on an even keel and avoid the mid-morning energy downturn:
- Wholemeal bread with egg, a nut spread such as Melrose's ‘ABC' (almond, Brazil nut and cashew) or ricotta and avocado
- Wholegrain cereal with milk, yoghurt, LSA (linseed, sunflower and almond) mix and fresh fruit
- Fresh fruit, yoghurt and LSA mix
Problem: You're slipping off your chair at 3:30pm
Solution: Resist the sugar and caffeine and choose something more sustainable to get off the slump/high-energy roller coaster. Hydrate yourself with a water (if it seems dull, add a slice or squirt of lemon or lime) or a herbal tea and snack on a palm-sized serve of mixed nuts or a few crackers with hommus or cheese. Consider the following, too:
- Avoid refined carbohydrates (biscuits, lollies, cakes, soft drinks etc) and make sure you include some protein in your lunch and a mid-morning snack if you have one (eg. egg, fish, chicken, tofu, lentils).
- Take regular breaks from your computer and/or work area.
- Get some movement – take a short walk outside during lunch, have some stretch breaks over the day and go over to your colleague's desk rather than sending an email to a destination five metres away. Sedentary lifestyles inhibit our health, so movement is a good way to pick up some energy.
Get outside for some fresh air and take a few deep breaths while you're there. Have an ‘airo' rather than a ‘smoko'.
- If this only happens at work, ask yourself this – are you happy with your job? Do you need something more challenging or perhaps less demanding?
Problem: Your eye-balls have hit the floor by 6pm
Solution: Do you get home and slump in the chair, transfixed by the TV and unable to pull together a decent dinner? Reflect on the following:
- Are you getting enough exercise (dedicated and incidental)? We've all experienced the challenge of exercising when we're tired and pushing through to feel our energy rise again.
- Is your schedule too hectic? Are you over-committed and without a moment to yourself? It's a tough one but we also know it's unsustainable, with poor energy often being the first sign of a problem. Get some support, take some time to reflect on your life priorities and get some you-time.
If letting go of the day's work is difficult, do something to mark the end of the work day and the transition into your home life. Consider a quick swim, take a walk, or have a park pit-stop for some time to refresh and refuel before going home.
Problem: You're drowsy at 8pm
Solution: Although drowsiness at night could be due to factors such as over-eating at dinner, some would argue that it's natural and normal to feel a tired around this time, so go with the flow. Many experts believe our ancestors slept 10 to 12 hours a night, working more with the cycles of daylight and dark. So perhaps we should connect to our ancestral wisdom, stop the stimulation, relax and prepare ourselves for a healthy and refreshing sleep. Turn off any unnecessary lights and/or switch them on to "low" and avoid mental stimulation from the TV, computer, mobile and so on.
If you're concerned about an early slump hour, again look at factors such as over-working your body and mind during the day, and whether you're getting adequate sleep and exercise.
The Top-10 energy checklist
- Healthy sleep
- Restoration/relaxation – take time out to yourself
- Healthy diet – eat low GI, adequate protein and avoid refined carbohydrates
- Manage stress
- Do what you love and prioritise your passions
- Healthy work environment – take regular breaks and work reasonable hours
- Take time out to have fun – remember to laugh and be silly
- Healthy relationships
If you've re-evaluated the above and you're still tired, see your doctor to investigate possible medical reasons for your poor energy including anaemia, hypothyroidism (a low functioning thyroid) and sleep apnoea (a sleep disorder where breathing stops and starts).
Thank you to Blackmores' team of qualified naturopaths for their assistance compiling this article. To contact a naturopath for FREE health advice, ring free-toll: 1800 803 760
References available on request
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The stakes are high and the ramifications broad and clear as millions of Americans head to the polls Tuesday to elect a new president.
The candidates – incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and Republican challenger Mitt Romney – have made their sharply differing governing philosophies abundantly clear following months of campaign barnstorming, in acceptance speeches at their respective conventions and during three recent televised debates.
Polls have shown the two running neck and neck for weeks. A small percentage of undecided voters in swing states such as Ohio and Pennsylvania are viewed as the keys to turning the presidential election in favor of one candidate or the other.
Stock markets rallied Tuesday on optimism that the election might produce a clear victory for one candidate or the other, ending months of uncertainty that have weighed on financial markets and hindered economic growth as businesses have put expansion plans on hold until after the election.
Another theory making the rounds on Election Day was that a win by Obama would mean four more years of loose fiscal policy, a boon for stock markets. Romney has said he would not appoint Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke to another term. Bernanke is the architect of the loose monetary policies that have dominated the U.S. economy since the 2008 fiscal crisis.
The Dow Jones industrial average closed up 133.24 points, or 1.02%, at 13,245.68. The S&P 500 Index closed up 11.13 points, or 0.79%, at 1,428.39. The Nasdaq Composite Index rose 12.27 points, or 0.41%, at 3,011.93.
Candidates Seen As Polar Opposites on Business Views
By almost every measure throughout the campaign analysts have viewed the two candidates as practically polar opposites with respect to their views on business.
If there is one broad criticism of Obama held by the business community it’s that the president failed to recognize the uncertainty that would arise from his biggest regulation proposals, whether those proposals affected Wall Street or the nation’s vast health care system.
“Businesses know they’re going to be regulated. What they can’t deal with is uncertainty,” said Bill O’Grady, chief market strategist at Confluence Investment Management in St. Louis.
Businesses would likely expect more certainty from Romney, a former businessman.
Obama has based his bid for re-election on the premise that his broad policy of massive government intervention as a remedy for the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression has been successful.
The president has also made the argument that reform efforts marshaled under his administration -- notably the Dodd-Frank banking legislation signed into law in 2010 -- will provide a government-backed firewall against future financial collapses.
Obama and Romney Clash on Role of Government
The president’s signature piece of legislation -- the controversial 2010 health-care reform law that seeks to lower costs by requiring all Americans to purchase health insurance -- is viewed by many -- both Democrats and Republicans -- as a massive act of government intervention.
In sum, Obama would raise taxes on the wealthiest Americans to cover the costs of an active and expansive government that strives to care for its most vulnerable citizens.
Romney, a long-time businessman and former governor of Massachusetts, has relentlessly criticized many of the president’s interventionist policies, arguing that the government plays too large a role in American society and that the cost of maintaining that role has become unsustainable.
Romney has said he would cut wasteful government spending, reform bloated entitlement programs and make the sprawling U.S. tax code more equitable rather than raising taxes a a few to pay for necessary services.
In sum, he believes most Americans fare better when the government gets out of their way.
Specifically, the GOP challenger has argued that Obama’s interventionist policies have not been successful in the one area that concerns most Americans and the one issue on which the election has been focused from the beginning: creating jobs.
The fault line dividing the two candidates has been clear from a business standpoint since long before Romney emerged as the Republican candidate last summer after a bruising nomination process that included such high-profile Republicans as former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, Minnesota Congresswoman Michele Bachmann and Texas Governor Rick Perry.
Big business widely views Obama as a supporter of higher taxes and more burdensome and costly regulations. The president hasn’t been shy about publicly scolding Wall Street and other big business targets he feels have warranted his criticism. In response, nearly all of the big investment banks, notably Goldman Sachs (GS), that supported Obama’s candidacy in 2008 have since shifted their allegiances to GOP candidate Romney.
Romney, meanwhile, has portrayed himself as a friend of big business and someone who, as the former head of private equity firm Bain Capital, understands how big business contributes to the broader health of the economy.
Business leaders who support Romney believe his background in private equity make him familiar with how businesses operate and how government can support rather than hinder their operations.
Business Hopes Election Ends Uncertainty
“Either outcome could provide a ‘certainty’ dividend for markets looking for clarity, though a Romney win might be cheered more forcefully. But the economic reality is much more nuanced,” said IHS Global Insight US Economist Nigel Gault.
The president has been helped in recent months by monthly jobs reports that suggest long-dormant labor markets are stabilizing. Both the August and September reports saw the headline-grabbing unemployment rate fall unexpectedly. In September, the rate fell to 7.8%, the lowest since Obama took office in 2008. The rate edged higher in October, rising to 7.9%, but only because more people were looking for jobs again, a positive sign.
Romney and his supporters have looked deeper into the labor market numbers to note that the data hardly reveal a thriving, growing economy. Many of the jobs created in recent months fall under categories such as temporary or self-employed, jobs that don’t pay well and don’t contribute to helping the economy grow.
Besides, they argue, a U.S. unemployment rate of nearly 8% is unacceptable.
Whoever wins will step directly into the ticking time-bomb that is the so-called ‘fiscal cliff’ – the tax hikes and across-the-board budget cuts that will take effect in January if Congress can’t forge a compromise on government spending and the growing U.S. deficit.
The uncertainty over which candidate will win and which is better equipped to deal with the fiscal cliff -- among numerous other economic issues hovering on the horizon -- has stifled business growth in 2012 as employers put expansion and hiring on hold until after the election.
The wait is almost over.
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The death of a pet can hurt just as much as the loss of a friend or relative.
How long is it appropriate to grieve? How can one cope? These are questions many pet owners ask themselves.
Michelle Merritt and Pam George, both of Fort Wayne, are no strangers to these questions and the sadness that accompanies the loss of a furry friend.
Merritt, who lost a Siamese cat named Jewels two years ago, remembers the day she had to make the decision to euthanize her beloved cat. The cat was experiencing dementia and was too old to have tests performed.
The cat had been her faithful companion for 10 years — “a partner in crime” and a constant through break-ups, a divorce, and even a marriage. What made the parting especially painful was that Jewels was her “special pet.” Merritt had owned several pets in the past, but she felt this one was unique.
“At some point, you have to decide, 'My comfort isn't important,'” she said about the decision to euthanize her cat. She speaks highly of veterinarian Dr. Sunil Gupta of Aboite Animal Clinic, who respected her feelings and was a beacon of comfort in troubling times.
Now, a few years later, she has had time to process the loss and move on. Grief is a process which affects everyone differently, as Merritt experienced firsthand.
“There were people who acted like it wasn't a big deal,” she said. Conversely, she was pleasantly surprised by the outpouring of support from her Facebook community.
In addition to the support from friends and family, Merritt had her own coping mechanisms. She found comfort in knowing the cat was “in a better place.” She also made a conscious decision to remove the cat's toys and nostalgic items from the apartment within a reasonable amount of time.
Like Merritt, Pam George lost a pet and part of the family in August.
The dachshund was behaving erratically one day, George said. It seems he had a stroke or heart attack. The dire circumstances called for euthanasia.
“There was no choice; I had to go ahead with that,” she said, remembering the difficult decision.
George, age 70, followed a similar approach as Merritt. The first thing she did was clean out her dog's items to avoid “continuing to see him around,” she said. She also made a keepsake photo album to help remember the good times. The fact she volunteers with animals has also helped the grieving process.
George offers words of advice for those in her shoes: “As with any loss, time heals.”
Today's advancements in the veterinary field have prompted more decisions about end-of-life care, said Dr. Stephanie Lafarge, senior director of counseling services for the ASPCA (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals).
Lafarge, a psychologist and expert on pet loss grief, operates a 24-hour pet loss hotline on behalf of the ASPCA (1-877-GRIEF-10, or 1-877-474-3310), taking more than 3,000 calls a year.
“There are so many options for treatment,” Lafarge said. “It's harder to know when to say, 'Enough is enough.'”
And it doesn't get any easier after that decision to put the animal down is made.
Lafarge said it's perfectly normal to feel emotional pain at this time, as humans often have a “very intense bond with an animal.” Symptoms of grief can mimic depression, but the thing that distinguishes grief from depression is a timeline.
“We are able to grieve, but you can get stuck,” she said. Lafarge offers a rule of thumb: If the depression has lasted more than a month or two, it may be time to seek professional help.
Lafarge said there's no set time when it's appropriate to get another pet. But she cautions that substitution is not always helpful.
“You need to make room in your heart and mind before you start a new relationship (with another animal),” she advised.
Pet loss and children
And that pet-owner relationship can be particularly fragile when children are involved.
Cindy Maldonado-Schaefer, director of operations at Erin's House for Grieving Children in Fort Wayne, offers some tips for handling children's grief.
It is common for children to have a lot of questions following the loss of a pet. While it may be tempting to skirt around the issue, Maldonado-Schaefer recommends a straightforward approach.
“Answer what the children ask,” she said. Don't sugarcoat, and use specific terms like “death” and “dying.”
“It's honesty. With concrete terms, they'll start to pick that up,” she explained.
A pet death can also be an educational experience to help them understand death rituals, she added.
Of course, like adults, there is a healthy dose of grief, Maldonado-Schaefer said. In her words: “They're going to have to find a new normal.”
What does that new normal look like? It may be easier to define what it isn't. Red flags for depression in children can be not eating, nightmares and trouble in school. But unlike adults, children grieve in bursts, while adults will naturally show emotion right away.
You need to know your child to recognize signs he or she is struggling with grief, Maldonado-Schaefer said.
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The first document. The island was first mentioned by a 6th century lexicographer Stephen from Byzantium who called it Ladesta and Ladeston. His source was Theopompus, a 4th century BC Greek historian.
The beginning. The first traces of human presence on the island were found in the Rača cave where continuous evidence of habitation reaches as far as the late Neolithic Age.
Illirians and Greeks. In prehistoric times, the island was originally inhabited by the Illyrians. However, findings of Greek pottery show that the island was on one of the Greek trade routes on the Adriatic and probably a part of the Greek colony Issa.
Romans. When the Romans conquered the province of Dalmatia, they too settled on Lastovo. Impressed by Lastovo's beauty and agricultural potential, the Romans named the island Emperors Island (Augusta Insula). The Romans left very clear traces of their long rule on the island - the so called"villae rusticae" (residential farming units) and water wells known as "lokve" are amongst those monuments that remained. The Romans established a settlement on the location of today's village Ubli that flourished during the first centuries AD, only to become completely abandoned in later centuries.
Slavs. With the arrival of the Slavs to the Adriatic in the 7th century, Croats eventually settled in most of Dalmatia, which included Lastovo.
Around 950, the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitos mentions Lastovo in his De Administrando Imperio by its Slavic name Lastobon.
Ominous 998. In 998 the Venetian Doge Pietro Orseolo II launched large military operations against Croatian and Neretvian pirates along the Adriatic and its islands, which culminated with the destruction of the town of Lastovo. After this Lastovci decided to build a city on the inland hill, away from the coast, which made the city more defendable.
Agriculture and autonomy. During the next two centuries, inhabitants dedicated to concentrate more on agriculture and neglected their earlier naval tradition.
Scarcity of accurate historical documents and an almost complete silence covering the events on the island in the early Middle Ages are trustworthy signs of a great autonomy of Lastovo in that period.
Rulers. Lastovo may have at times come briefly under various rulers from the 7th until the 13th century, whether Byzantine, Dukljan or Neretvian, but it is accepted that Lastovo generally recognised Croatian kings as its nominal and natural rulers. In 1185, the Hvar diocese was formed and Lastovo is mentioned as having been part. A church synod held in Split that same year decreed that the diocese of Hvar should fall under the authority of the Archbishop of Split.
Republic of Ragusa (Dubrovnik)
Republic and autonomy. Later in the 13th century, the people of Lastovo voluntarily joined the Republic of Ragusa in 1252, after the republic promised that it would honour Lastovo's internal autonomy. This agreement was codified in the Ragusa Statute written in 1272.
The Statute of Lastovo. In 1310, Lastovo got its first written legislation, the Statute of Lastovo, which had all the characteristics of law. The supreme authority on the island had a council, consisting of 20 members, who held office for life. In 1486, authorities of the Council were passed in Parliament of the Republic and the island lost much of its autonomy.
Rebellion and fights for autonomy. Continuous limitation of the island's autonomy and higher taxes led to a short rebellion in 1602. On the appeal of the islanders, Venice occupied the island the following year and held it until 1606, when it was returned to Ragusa. The next attempt at rebellion was in 1652, which resulted in the loss of the island's autonomy.
Ottomans and pirates. During the Ottoman conquests, Lastovo was very often a target of pirates from Ulcinj, leading to the introduction of mandatory guard service. Guard service was abolished in the 18th century when pirates from Ulcinj became merchant sailors.
Outbreak of vampirism. The last reported outbreak of vampirism in Croatia was 'recorded' on Lastovo. The trial in Ragusa in 1737 took testimony from visitors to the island during an outbreak of severe diarrhoea which killed many locals. The islanders blamed this epidemic on vampires. This case included defendants from Lastovo who formed a band or group of vigilante style vampire hunters. Such cases were reported throughout all of Croatia and Europe in the Middle Ages.
French, Brits and Austro-Hungarians. In 1806 the French took control of the Republic of Ragusa. When they abolished the Republic in 1808, Lastovo became part of the French Empire. The French built a fortification on Glavica hill and mobilised islanders against the British. Between January 18 and February 3, 1813, the Royal Navy frigate HMS Apollo and its troops captured Lastovo and Korčula. The British held the island until 1815 when the Congress of Vienna awarded the island to the Habsburg Empire. After 1815, Lastovo was part of Dubrovnik county in the Austrian province of Dalmatia. Until 1829, it had its own court, but later the island fell under the jurisdiction of the court in Korčula.
Economic crisis. In the 1840s, the municipality fell into a deep economic crisis that resulted in its selling most of its forests to foreigners.
World War I. During World War I, the Austro-Hungarian Army established a military garrison on Glavica consisting mostly of Hungarian troops. The authorities ordered blackouts and forbade the ringing of church bells during the war.
French-Italian fightings. At the end of 1917, four French planes bombed Lastovo. French troops landed on the island to reconnoiter it. Italian forces soon followed and clashed with the garrison. Some members of the Austro-Hungarian garrison escaped. The Italians took those they caught to Italy as prisoners of war. A French plane dropping leaflets on the island on November 4 brought the news that the war was finally over.
Italian occupation. On November 11, 1918 Italian troops took hold of the island based on the 1915 Secret Treaty of London, which allocated much of Dalmatia to Italy upon Italy entering the war on the side of the Triple Alliance. The Italians based their claim upon the presence of ethnic Italians in all parts of maritime Dalmatia. However, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson, who was a supporter of the nationality principle, blocked the allocation.
World War II. In 1941 the Axis Powers attacked Yugoslavia, which collapsed in few days. Italy annexed part of Dalmatia; the remainder became part of the new Independent State of Croatia.
Liberation Army. Croatian citizens started organised fights against fascism on June 22, 1941 by organizing the first National Liberation Army unit - Sisak Brigade. Next 5 years were devastating. A cruel (ethnic and political) internal war combined with a war of resistance against the Axis Powers to devastate the former Yugoslavia.
People's Republic of Croatia and exodus. On September 8, 1943, after the declaration of the Armistice with Italy, the Italian Army collapsed and Josip Broz Tito's Partisans took over the island, incorporating it into Yugoslavia. The partisans executed Martin Tomasin, a friend of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, whom he had appointed governor. Lastovo became a part of the People's Republic of Croatia in 1945 — one of the six Republics of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. Latter the name was converted into the Socialist Republic of Croatia — one of the republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1953. At this time, almost all Italian citizens left the island. Simultaneously, significant amount of Croatians fled the country. Nowadays Lastovo has a population of 750 people and over 3000 Croatians with Lastovo roots live abroad: mainly in Australia, the UK and Italy.
Protected military island. After World War II, Lastovo experienced the same fate as the neighbouring island Vis. The island became a military region forbidden to foreign nationals. The barring of foreign nationals led to economic stagnation and the depopulation of the island. Simultaneously, that protected the historical and natural beauty of the island. In 1988 the ban was lifted and foreign tourists were again allowed to visit the island.
Independence. Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, but the Yugoslav People's Army only left its bases on Lastovo, one of its last footholds in Croatia, in July 1992.
Peace. The war in Croatia ended in 1995. Lastovo was fortunate to have escaped much of the devastation that swept across some parts of Croatia and most of neighbouring Bosnia. Despite that, depopulation of Lastovo continued - from 1205 inhabitants on 1991, to 835 inhabitants on 2001 and finally 816 inhabitants in 2011. The protection of Lastovo was specified in strategic documents of the Republic of Croatia in 1999. Not long after, this intention was supported by The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). Actually WWF has declared Lastovo as a priority for conservation of the Mediterranean biodiversity in 2003.
Protected Status - Nature Park. In 2006 the Croatian Government made the island and its archipelago a nature park -- and therefore committed the Republic of Croatia, all Croatian citizens and all visitors to special care of this region.
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Marbled or Tile Sea StarsAuthor: Bob Fenner
Marine aquarists often find echinoderms to be contradictions. On one hand, they’re known to be tough to the point of being able to regenerate limbs (or even whole bodies from just a limb), but on the other, they often die mysteriously from lethargy and erosion, or they just silently dissolve away when we try to keep them in captivity.
As in all groups of organisms, there is a variation in the relative hardiness and aquarium suitability within the sea stars, with some having dismal records in terms of incidental mortality (e.g., the members of the genus Linckia) and some being much better (though still not very good) for captive use. Of the tougher genera that make their way into commercial availability, my all-time favorites are the smaller species of the genus Fromia. They are small in size (about 6 inches maximum), gorgeous in coloration, and not too difficult for reef aquarists to feed. Note, however, that they are suitable only for advanced reefkeepers.
Of the eleven or so Fromia species, I’ve seen five for sale from time to time: F. elegans; F. ghardaqana, a red sea endemic; F. milleporella, a reddish star from eastern Africa to the South Pacific featuring pores visible on the upper surface and a flat appearance without tubercles; F. monilis, the necklace sea star, found in shallow waters in rocky habitats; and—also from such habitats—F. nodosa, the knobby fromia, from the Indo-West Pacific.
These invertebrates are not very energetic. They are quite sedentary, occasionally crawling over other sedentary invertebrates. The only reason to be alarmed is if a star doesn’t move at all day to day or frequents the surface, as these are sure signs that something is amiss in your system chemically or physically.
Be aware that these stars sometimes release bubbles or white and brownish matter from their leg tips and disks. These normal exudations should not be accidentally mistaken for evidence of necrosis.
As with most all starfish species, one can’t tell much just by looking at a Fromia star: They look fine, whether they are healthy or soon to be dead. You should leave newly arrived specimens at your dealer to harden and rest up for a week or more before taking them home. Be on the lookout for the usual indications of trouble with spiny-skinned animals: a total lack of movement, whitish or otherwise discolored patches on the body, and any outright depressions that are discharging fluid from the body. Seeing any of these should discourage a purchase.
Though almost all topics in reefkeeping cause differences of opinion, I’ve yet to hear anyone suggesting anything other than a very slow acclimation process for introducing new sea stars. An hour or more of slow drip is best, and if there is more than a 0.001 difference in specific gravity or any discernible difference in pH between the old system’s water and your own, it’s a very good idea to let the new specimens make the transition over several days’ time in a separate isolation system. Add water from the main tank on a daily basis to gradually bring the parameters in synch.
One of the unfortunate realities of the aquarium hobby is that many commonly available animals are not really suited for aquarium life. In the marine hobby are many species sold on the basis of their appearance, despite the fact that they almost never survive more than a few months in the home aquarium. There are fish and invertebrates that are sold so widely that people figure they must be good specimens to purchase.
Many sea stars, or starfish, are in this group. Unusual in shape and behavior, starfish are often brightly colored as well. Unfortunately many of these invertebrates are doomed to waste away when people take them home. The stars in the genus Fromia are a pleasant exception. While they’re still not for beginners or for most community tanks, reefkeepers can enjoy these invertebrates, whose needs are easily met in a typical reef tank.
Marbled sea stars are poster children for reef-safeness. They generally leave other life alone and in turn are usually left alone, except by the usual suspects—crabs, larger hermits, puffers, and triggers.
The aquarium for Fromia sea stars (and for the vast majority of marine invertebrates, actually) should be well established; a running time of six months or more would be a good minimum amount of time to wait before their introduction. This is not only to allow time for the water parameters to stabilize, but also so the system has time to culture food organisms useful to the starfish. The tank should also have excellent water quality, of course.
There is likewise a positive correlation with the size/volume of the systems and success in keeping echinoderms. The larger the better, with a good deal of healthy live rock helping even more. Fromias require a system of a minimum of 100 gallons. Furthermore, in keeping with the notion of providing optimized, stable water chemistry, all top-off and water-change water should be pre-mixed, stored, and matched to the chemical and physical parameters of the water in the tank. Supplements or additions of any kind should be diluted and added very slowly.
Fromia species are for the most part detritivores, mostly feeding on minute animals (microfauna) found in and among detritus. In captivity they benefit from occasional offerings of meaty foods (shrimp, krill, mussel, clam, etc.) cut up in small sizes and emulsified in a gel, or something similar in the way of a commercially made wafer, placed near them.
See the full article on TFH Digital http://www.tfhdigital.com/tfh/201004/#pg99
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Attre Castle is an exquisite 18th-century Dutch-style edifice, painted in white since 1911. It is located in the north of the province of Hainaut, near the town of Ath.
The Normands built a tower in Attre in the 10th century. However, the history of the present castle really starts with an Englishman, Mr. Frenel (or Freneau or Franeau), who purchased the seigneury of Attre in 1520.
His descendant, François-Philippe Franeau d'Hyon, count of Gomegnies, dismantled the old castle in 1752, to replace it with the present edifice. His son, François-Ferdinand, private counsellor and chamberlain to Austrain emperor Joseph II, completed the interior.
Between 1782 and 1788, the castle receives numerous visits of Maria-Christina of Austria, governor of the Austrian Netherlands, who also happened to be the sister of Joseph II and Queen Marie-Antointte of France.
Besides being one of the prettiest castle in the region, Attre charms visitors with its 17 ha fantasy park, with sheep and horses in the fields in one place, craggy tunnels in another, or a bath pavilion along the Dendre yet somewhere else... There is even a wooden chalet (built by a Swiss carpenter) on top of a hill, overlooking an artificial rock that reaches a height of 24 meter. In fact, the 8 years necessary to lay the park cost more to the owners than the construction of the castle itself !
The interior is a witness of the opulence of the rococo style of the period, tactfully conjugated with soberer classical elements. Take note of the rice wallpaper and hand-painted silk from China, and the porcelain from Saxony and nearby Tournai. The staircase has an amazing array of fine portraits.
Opening Hours & Admission
The castle is still inhabited and is only open on Sundays and public holidays, from 2:00 pm to 5:00 pm (to 6:00 pm for the park), between April and October. It is also open on Saturdays in July and August (from 1:00 pm). Visits are only by guided tours.
Entry to the castle is 5.50 € for adults, 4.50 € for students, 3.80 € for children (6 to 12). Access to the park alone will set you back 3.50 € or 3 € for children.
How to get there
The nearest train station from Attre is Ath (about 20min from Tournai, or 40min from Brussels), 5km away. From there you should take bus 100A toward St-Ghislain, and alight at the church in Attre. The castle is 1min walk from there.
By car, take the E429 (Brussels-Tournai) until exit 29 for Lessines, then head toward Ath (5km), then Attre (5 more km). If you are coming from Namur or Mons, take the E42 till exit 23 for Nimy, then follow the N56 for Ath (watch out not to take the N6 for Soignies just after the exit) and look for the signs for Attre (on the right) after about 10km.
View Larger Map
Ask your travel questions on the Benelux Travel Forum
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Foxtrot in the Fynbos
Willemiena was an orphaned wild puppy so tiny that Johanna and Dave Hodgson of a farm outside Uniondale had no idea what she was when they volunteered to raise her.
The little mite, named in honour of a helpful vet, slept in Johanna’s petite sheepskin slipper and ate ProNutro porridge. The first clue to her identity came when her ears started to grow and grow, as big as velvety radar dishes. The mystery was finally solved when she started pouncing on crickets and moths: Willemiena was a bat-eared fox.
With their fluffy tails, robber masks and satellite dish ears, bat-eared foxes make unusual predators.
They emerge from their burrows at dusk. On neat black legs, they trot past other small animals any other doggy creature would be delighted to devour, and pause only for insects.
With giant ears pricked forwards only centimetres from the still earth, they can hear every twitch and shift of dung beetle grubs, earthworms, beetles and crickets. A few swift scratches and the unwary gogga is exposed. A snuffle, some brisk crunches and then it’s gone. Next?
Most of all, bat-eared foxes love harvester termites, and in the worst kind of way. They lap them up like water. On hot summer evenings, they’ll leap like furry acrobats after flying ants erupting after thunderstorms. Shongololos (millipedes), spiders, scorpions and locusts; bat-eared foxes love ‘em all.
Johanna loved taking Willemiena for walks at dusk. But one day her little fox just didn’t come home. Her fluff-tailed baby had found herself a mate. But Willemiena sometimes brings her beau back to the old homestead. Johanna and Dave peep at them from their window as they dance the foxtrot by moonlight.
Category: Responsible Tourism
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Earl and Kim respond to the question: How do you manage the business imperatives versus the creative imperatives when developing a game? The decision makers at EA are people who really understand the creative side and have generally worked on the production side as well, says Earl, and are therefore able to make more informed decisions.
One of the world's leading universities, Stanford was founded in 1885 in what is now Stanford, California. It is comprised of seven schools, four of which are devoted exclusively to graduate education. Stanford's most renowned programs include the Graduate School of Business, Law School, School of Engineering, and School of Medicine. Notable alumni include author John Steinbeck, Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, and Google founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page.
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Maternal and neonatal health expenditure in mumbai slums (India)
BMC Public Health. 2011 Mar 8;11:150.
Maternal and neonatal health expenditure in mumbai slums (India): A cross sectional study.
Skordis-Worrall J, et al. UCL Centre for International Health and Development, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK. firstname.lastname@example.org.
BACKGROUND: The cost of maternity care can be a barrier to access that may increase maternal and neonatal mortality risk. We analyzed spending on maternity care in urban slum communities in Mumbai to better understand the equity of spending and the impact of spending on household poverty.
METHODS: We used expenditure data for maternal and neonatal care, collected during post-partum interviews. Interviews were conducted in 2005-2006, with a sample of 1200 slum residents in Mumbai (India). We analysed expenditure by socio-economic status (SES), calculating a Kakwani Index for a range of spending categories. We also calculated catastrophic health spending both with and without adjustment for coping strategies. This identified the level of catastrophic payments incurred by a household and the prevalence of catastrophic payments in this population. The analysis also gave an understanding of the protection from medical poverty afforded by coping strategies (for example saving and borrowing).
RESULTS: A high proportion of respondents spent catastrophically on care. Lower SES was associated with a higher proportion of informal payments. Indirect health expenditure was found to be (weakly) regressive as the poorest were more likely to use wage income to meet health expenses, while the less poor were more likely to use savings. Overall, the incidence of catastrophic maternity expenditure was 41%, or 15% when controlling for coping strategies. We found no significant difference in the incidence of catastrophic spending across wealth quintiles, nor could we conclude that total expenditure is regressive.
CONCLUSIONS: High expenditure as a proportion of household resources should alert policymakers to the burden of maternal spending in this context. Differences in informal payments, significantly regressive indirect spending and the use of savings versus wages to finance spending, all highlight the heavier burden borne by the most poor. If a policy objective is to increase institutional deliveries without forcing households deeper into poverty, these inequities will need to be addressed. Reducing out-of-pocket payments and better regulating informal payments should have direct benefits for the most poor. Alternatively, targeted schemes aimed at assisting the most poor in coping with maternal spending (including indirect spending) could reduce the household impact of high costs.
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Many students come to the Counseling Service when they are faced with general adjustment issues, perhaps marked by anxiety, depression, or homesickness. These are normative, often transitory states. Starting or returning to college either from home or abroad, brings with it a host of academic, athletic, interpersonal, and often cultural challenges. The Counseling Service is available to support students through this time of transition and to help introduce them to both student led and college organized programs on campus that might be of support.
Normative psychosocial development for college age students involves the growth of a coherent sense of self that can both work through challenges independently and develop trusting, non-exploitive relationships outside of the immediate family. The Counseling Service offers a space where students can work to develop their personal values, a sense of self-love, and the ability both to make choices and found relationships on a deepened knowledge of self. It can be difficult as a parent to watch your child struggle between depending on you and standing on their own. Invariably, family dynamics will change and everyone will have the opportunity to refine or even redefine their relationships within the family.
Parents are understandably concerned when they notice more dramatic changes in their child's demeanor or performance either academically, emotionally, or socially. The Counseling Service sees many students with more pronounced difficulties in the areas of social phobia, relationship problems, academic problems, and alcohol and substance abuse. In addition, we counsel students struggling with more serious problems such as clinical depression, eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and experienced trauma. We offer a strictly confidential service so that students will feel free to come to us with a wide range of concerns. We do not make any information available to anyone else, at the College or elsewhere, without a signed release from the student. Even the fact that a student is being seen in the Counseling Service is not conveyed to deans, faculty members, or others without the student's written consent.
Q & A
Whatever concerns you have for your child, we encourage you, first and foremost, to approach your child directly. The following Q & A is offered to help you to navigate our services and to support you in discussing with your child how to get the support they might need.
Recommended Reading for Parents
You're On Your Own (But I'm Here if You Need Me): Mentoring your Child during the College Years by Mary Savage
Letting Go: A Parents' Guide to Understanding the College Years by Karen Levin Coburn
The Launching Years: Strategies for Parenting from Senior Year to College Life by Laura Kastner
When Your Kid Goes to College: A Parent's Survival Guide by Carol Barkin
When Kids Go to College: A Parents Guide to Changing Relationships by Barbara Newman and Philip Newman
Some Thoughts for Parents by Robert Villas PhD
If you have any additional questions about the Counseling Service and/or other sources of support for your child both on and off campus, please look through the rest of this website and/or feel free to call us at 207-725-3145. While we can not discuss specific individuals without consent, the staff is available to answer your general questions and to talk about your concerns.
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I am generally averse to works of theatre that revolve around ideas about science or mathematics. I liked, but didn’t love Proof. I liked, but didn’t love Arcadia. Scientific metaphors that some authors find fecund – and obviously many audiences agree – seem sterile to me. I suspect it’s because, to my mind, scientific ideas can’t really serve as metaphors – rather, we use metaphors to understand scientific ideas because those ideas can’t really be grasped directly. When we say “light is a wave” we’re using our common experience understanding of waves to explain, by analogy, something about light. But that’s all the metaphor is. It doesn’t mean that light “is” a wave – and that, for example, there therefore must be some kind of medium (the ether, say) through which said waves propagate. The math – the ability to predict how light will actually behave – is all that’s real, and the metaphor’s truth derives from its utility in enabling us to pursue the math correctly.
So if a playwright or novelist runs the metaphor backward – says, for example, that life is like quantum mechanics because you can’t really observe it without participating in it – what I hear is a scientific idea is being reduced or misused. It doesn’t seem possible that somebody would understand quantum mechanics more intuitively than life, so what’s really happening is a metaphor to help somebody understand quantum mechanics is being repurposed, and transformed into something else, to say something about life; and as a consequence of the transformation, the metaphor becomes a poorer guide to the science, and may actually misinform.
So it was with trepidation that I approached The Little Years, a contemporary Canadian play by a mathematician (John Mighton) that, as I understood, used modern ideas about the physics of time to illuminate the tragic life of a girl, later a woman, who never quite “got” life. But my trepidation turned out to be somewhat misplaced. This isn’t really a play that uses these ideas about time as a metaphor. It’s a play about a person for whom those ideas about time become a powerful metaphor. And, whether the playwright intended this or not, to my mind becomes something of a victim of her own ideas.
The person in question is Kate, a bright if odd teenage girl in the 1950s at the start of the play (played with authentic innocence by Bethany Jillard), who has an interest in science of which her mother, Alice (a progressive revelation in the hands of Chick Reid), disapproves. Kate doesn’t really have friends – doesn’t really get people at all, in fact. She’s the kind of girl who is most comfortable alone with her journal, into which she writes not only the usual bookish girl wonderings but her speculations about the nature of time.
The play follows Kate from this point to late middle age, but by the time we see her next, a college dropout in her twenties (now and for the remainder of the drama played by Irene Poole in one of the best performances I’ve seen from her), it’s already all gone wrong, and nobody – or, at any rate, not her mother – can figure out what went wrong. She’s angry, bitter, actively working to alienate everyone around her. She’s bitter, in particular, about the preference everybody – especially her mother – shows for her exceptionally accomplished poet of a brother, William. But, interestingly, there’s never any suggestion that William doesn’t “deserve” that preference. He’s bright, accomplished, sociable – and, moreover, he doesn’t have any antipathy for his younger sister.
William doesn’t ever appear on stage – not living, anyway; his ashes appear in an urn in the second act – but his presence is felt in every scene. His mother glories in his accomplishments, initially, but as we see later, when she’s old and in a nursing home, living her life through her son has left her as bitter as her daughter. (It’s a triumph of performance as well as a sign of the strength of the writing that Ms. Reid, so perky and upbeat in her early scenes, yet so bitter and angry decades later, is very clearly the same woman.) William’s wife, Grace (there’s a pointed name choice for you – and Yanna McIntosh plays the role as a very human embodiment thereof) herself seems vaguely oppressed by her husband’s success; she reacts, on the one hand, by trying to take her troubled sister-in-law under her wing (Kate lets her spend her time, but shows her no affection or gratitude in return) and, on the other, seeking solace in an on-again, off-again love affair with a painter friend, Roger (played very finely by Evan Buliung – it can’t be easy to project both interiority and shallowness, which is precisely what is called for in the role).
Mighton seems to be saying something about the nature of fame and glory, and the pursuit thereof. There’s a pointed scene on this theme relatively early in the play, when Grace brings Kate to a party, and introduces her to Roger (this is before the two have started their affair). Kate is belligerently hostile to Roger, but she doesn’t simply avoid him – she sets out to take him and his pretensions to significance down a number of pegs (one senses she’s really taking aim at her absent brother, or her mother, through him). She lectures him about time, how it could just as well run backwards as forwards, how we can’t actually experience it – all of this by way of mocking his desire to achieve some kind of permanence, something that lasts beyond his own life, through his art. Roger leaves her to get a drink, and to continue on the path of life he planned, but decades later he tells Kate that he never forgot what she said, that, in fact, she got him exactly right: his art was hollow, propelled by ambition rather than anything authentic, and as a consequence his whole career has been meaningless for him. (And even his fame was fleeting; he’s now known as the “Barry Manilow of painting.”)
But what struck me about the scene was the destructiveness of the metaphors that Kate had latched onto. What was truly important in what she was saying wasn’t anything about the nature of time, but about the nature of experience. She was cautioning Roger against living through imagined experience – ambition, she sensed, was a variety of just that, living through the imagined experience of achievement as from the outside, as her mother lived through the imagined experience of her famous son. If one isn’t to live through imaginary experience, one must live through reality. But this is one thing Kate never does – her whole life is a rejection of reality, out of anger and hurt that reality seemed to have rejected her. And she consoles herself by saying that, understanding the nature of time as she (thinks she) does, she is the only one who understands the folly of everyone else’s engagement with reality.
Now, I don’t actually think Kate’s life is ruined by her adolescent meditations on time. But I also don’t think her life is ruined by her mother’s preference for her brother, or by the casual discrimination against women that was just part of the 1950s landscape. As Ms. Poole plays her, Kate is a profoundly disordered person, someone who, on a very basic level, doesn’t understand how to relate to people. I’ve known a few people like that – some more functional than others. What they have in common is that they have always been “off.” They were born that way. Now, there’s still the question of how you – and your parents, your school, etc. – respond, all of which has bearing on the varied outcomes I’ve observed in these people. But I couldn’t quite tell whether the author recognized that Kate was one of these people. That while her anger and bitterness may be primarily due to the way she was treated (though not necessarily; I do know people who I’ve known from early childhood and who, for all I can tell, were just born angry and hostile), her strangeness is not. That’s just part of her, from the beginning.
Some years ago, I saw a production of The Glass Menagerie in which Laura was played as one of these people. Not as a very shy girl who narrowly misses the opportunity to break out of her self-imposed shell, but a woman who was fundamentally “off” – who may have briefly, even profoundly, connected with the gentleman caller, but who could never have sustained that connection no matter what he did. That’s not the only way to play the role, but I didn’t think it was an unrealistic choice – as I say, there are plenty of people like that. But the main consequence of that choice was to take the focus of the drama off of Laura, and put it more on Amanda and Tom, and how they are affected by her, and having to live with her. Similarly, in The Light in the Piazza – a very moving contemporary musical, about a young woman who, as a consequence of an accident, has been trapped, mentally, at around age ten, never to fully mature (other than physically, where her development is entirely normal) – the focus of the drama isn’t so much on the woman as on her mother, and what living with – and devoting herself to – this child has done to her life.
The Little Years is another drama about an “off” character, but we are with her for so much of the play that there is no way the drama can recenter on somebody else. And I appreciated how uncomfortable that made me. I didn’t want to identify with this woman, with someone I could see was in constant psychic pain, and who plainly could not understand the nature of that pain any better than could the people around her.
And I wonder how comfortable Mighton was with it either, because he concludes with the only unconvincing scene in the play. Kate comes to her niece, Tanya’s, graduation, and, meeting her, learns that Tanya has worshiped her for years, ever since she discovered Kate’s old notebooks where she wrote down her adolescent musings on time. These notebooks, it turns out, changed Tanya’s life – protected her, in some fashion, from the trials of adolescence. Kate finally makes a connection with another human being. And she weeps, her first and happiest tears of the play.
I say this was an unconvincing scene, and the reason is that Tanya is not a character; she’s a vehicle for the author to give a gift he wants to give to his protagonist. Tanya seems completely oblivious to how odd her aunt is. It’s not that she looks past it, much less that she seems drawn to it – she just doesn’t seem to notice. And that is just not how you would react if you worshiped someone for her writing, and then finally met her, and she was, well, really strange and off-putting. Tanya, moreover, was played by Ms. Jillard, the same actress as played the young Kate; the suggestion, plainly, is that Tanya is who Kate might have been were she born into a more accepting family and a more accepting time. And I just don’t believe that. Indeed, I think it reduces all the pain we’ve been through to a “message” about love or tolerance that isn’t even supported by the rest of the play – Grace, most obviously, does everything anyone could hope and more to welcome and accept Kate, over the course of decades, and it makes no apparent difference to Kate’s state of mental and emotional isolation.
Notwithstanding my objections to that last scene, I was impressed by this play. It was exquisitely realized – beyond the excellent work from every member of the cast who, on top of everything else, have to age forty years over the course of the play (and they do so), every piece of furniture in the set, every accessory in the costumes, is a perfectly chosen signifier for period and character. And, though I can’t exactly say I enjoyed it, I haven’t stopped thinking about it. Whether I wanted it to or not, it made a connection with me, a connection that lasted well beyond the time I spent in the theatre. Which, notwithstanding that I don’t even know what time is, seems to me to indicate that it was well-spent.
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Yesterday Justice Scalia spoke at the University of Wyoming at an event made possible by a member of the law school's FedSoc chapter. The Billings Gazette reported on his talk:
“You guys don’t get to see Supreme Court justices,” Scalia said Thursday to a packed audience at the UW Fine Arts Center that included U.S. Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., and all members of the Wyoming Supreme Court.
Scalia last visited the state in September 2008 when he spoke before the Wyoming State Bar in Cheyenne.
The hard-boiled constitutional "originalist," known for his linguistic austerity, showed his lighter side on Thursday. He was less a strident observer of the law and more of an entertainer, resembling Jackie Gleason with his jokes, slicked-back hair, baby-faced smile and New York attitude. Like any good performer, his campy side didn’t overshadow his message: the enormity of a “living Constitution.”
Scalia's ethos is that of many Wyomingites. The originalist moniker represents someone who believes the Constitution is an enduring document — not a flexible, living one that evolves with the standards of society.
“It doesn’t change,” he said.
The founding fathers feared a future generation that would misinterpret the Bill of Rights and wanted to restrain future societies from misconstruing the document, he said.
“A constitution that evolves isn’t worth a whole lot,” he said.
The Constitution is not something applicable to “whatever you care passionately about,” he said with a sardonic grin. A judge who believes in the living Constitution is a happy fellow, he said, because he goes home and tells his wife, “The Constitution means exactly what I thought I wanted it to be.”
Scalia denied that his approach always leads to the most conservative decisions. For example, he said he sided with the court majority in ruling that it's constitutional to allow burning of the U.S. flag. "If I were king," he said, "I'd throw that bearded, sandal-wearing weirdo in jail."
Scalia used the Eighth Amendment, which prohibits cruel and unusual punishments, as an example of the malleability some of the nation’s judges, lawyers and justices have applied to the Constitution.
The death penalty survived for 200 years without prior objection by states. But because of the flexible Constitution and its “evolving standards that mark the progress of a maturing society,” lawyers are turning the courts into legislators, he said.
“What do I know about revolving standards of decency?” he said. “You know who knows about revolving standards of decency? It’s Congress. Especially the House. I don’t even want to know what (the standards) are.”
The court is not an enforcer of the law and needs to abide by precedents, not by society’s interpretations, he said. A common misnomer, he said, is that a living Constitution gives people more freedoms.
He referred to the confrontation clause in the Sixth Amendment that had at one time taken the “right of confrontation away” from citizens. He helped to restore that right when he ruled in Crawford vs. Washington that statements from unavailable witnesses were not to be used in court.
Twenty years before the decision, it wasn’t heresy for testimony from an unavailable witness to be used in court, which prevented the accused from confronting the witness in a cross examination.
Scalia said adherence to the originalist philosophy is what helped overturn the flawed provision in the Sixth Amendment that had ignored hundreds of years of precedent.
"The Constitution will someday, at the end of the road, be destructed,” he said.
The Supreme Court is revising the Constitution “term by term,” and without an originalist philosophy, “what are you going to use?” he said.
He hinted that people would suggest “natural law” or the moralist ideals of John Rawles.
“Give me a break,” Scalia said.
Failing to stick to the original meaning of the Constitution only invites judges to decide on their own how to warp its meaning to fit their own reading, Scalia said. He said that explains the increasingly bitter contests over confirming Supreme Court justices, because senators all want one they believe will rule their way on hot-button issues.
"It's crazy, it's like a mini constitutional convention every time we confirm a new Supreme Court justice," Scalia said. He said he was unanimously confirmed with only two senators absent but probably couldn't get 60 votes today.
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The Internet should add convenience, not headaches. From step-by-step instructions to helpful tips, we'll help you install your equipment, troubleshoot problems, and get the most out of your online experience – minus the migraine.
About Fake Cox Emails
Last Updated: Wed, 20 Mar 2013 > Related Articles
Learn about emails that falsely claim to come from Cox, also known as phishing.
Cox High Speed Internet customers are occasionally targeted by fake emails that appear to be from Cox. These emails -- also known as phishing (pronounced 'fishing') schemes -- may appear in different forms. All will claim to be from Cox and some may even look very official. Cox has not and will not send any email to customers requesting them to verify any account information.
Should you receive such an email, Cox recommends you simply delete it. These emails are fraudulent and do not originate from Cox. In many cases, customers are being targeted in order to gain specific information:
- Information is requested due to a bogus system failure or other such "claim."
- This request usually includes:
- Your Name (current or maiden)
- Your Primary or Secondary email address
- Your account password
- Other personal or account information
Important: Do not provide this information under any circumstances.
View example phishing attempt: Phishing Sample
Frequently Asked Questions
Always remain vigilant when receiving emails from any company with which you do business. Treat any requests for personal information with suspicion. Cox offers an additional layer of protection in the form of email Spam Filtering. Spam Filtering is on by default; however, if you have turned off email Spam Filtering for your cox.net email addresses, you should consider turning it back on. This will allow the Cox filters the opportunity to stop these emails from reaching your inbox. Should you see an email that you suspect, below are some safety guidelines to follow.
Be on the look out for:
- Email that requires you to act quickly in order to avoid some negative consequences, such as account termination.
- Embedded links in email that take you to a site that may appear to be your service provider or bank. Examine the logo and other trademarks to ensure they are legitimate.
- Forms on these web sites that ask for personal information
- Spelling errors; these are typical of fake sites and are used to avoid being detected by spam filtering devices.
Dos and Don'ts:
- Do not click on links in unsolicited emails.
- Delete suspected fake email promptly
- Protect your personal information at all times
- Change your passwords frequently.
- Bookmark Cox.com, Cox.net, and Support.Cox.net. These are the valid Cox URLs.
- The thief will tell you that you must act quickly in order to avoid some negative consequence, like account termination.
- There are embedded links in the email that take you to a website that looks like that of your service provider or financial institution because it includes all or part of the company's name . There are forms on these web sites that ask you to provide personal information.
- Spelling errors are often used in the subject lines of the email to help avoid spam filtering by ISPs or your spam filtering provider.
- For more information on how to identify and avoid phishing sites and emails, refer to http://onguardonline.gov/phishing .
Note: All suspect phishing email must be forwarded as an attachment. Do not just forward the message. Refer to Forward Spam, Phishing, or Virus as an Attachment for detailed steps.
You can also notify the authorities by reporting the incident to the Federal Trade Commission at firstname.lastname@example.org, or calling them at 1-877-IDTHEFT.
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Wisdom of Solomon was written in Greek sometime in the late first century BCE or early first century CE to encourage the Jewish community, probably in Alexandria, to be confident of their God's governance in a particularly difficult time. Today's passage comes in the third part of this book. Part I described how wisdom, the hidden energy of the world, protects the child of God.
Part II showed what wisdom is and how to attain it. Part III shifts the perspective by speaking of God rather than of wisdom, and naming God as the one whose wisdom guides and protects Israel, the righteous child preeminently.
Part III also contains two excursus relevant to the theme of God’s governance, explaining how power and mercy are inextricably combined in God's rule, even with regard to nations and whose practices are abhorrent to Israel.
Today's passage gives the reason for God's power-with-lenience approach. It comes from God’s loving commitment to creation, and willingness to give human beings the opportunity to repent and be renewed (11:23-12:2). Not all religious thinkers of the time were so positive regarding God’s abiding commitment and the possibility of human renewal. Some Qumran sectarians, for example, viewed outsiders with harshness and suspicion and emphasized divine vengeance.
Romans 8:26-27 looks at divine governance in a more intimate and individual way. The powerful Spirit strengthens the Christian and makes it possible for their prayer to be heard. The Gospel passage from Matthew 13 combines something of both perspectives in comparing soil receiving a seed to an individual hearing the word. Divine rule is implied in that God waits patiently for the word to germinate in each person's heart.
Some Christians today are impatient with God's patience. Today's reading may help us see that God's power is exercised with compassion and restraint in view of human's capacity to change.
Richard J. Clifford, S.J., Boston College School of Theology and Ministry
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Christopher - Meaning of Christopher
[ 3 syll. (c)hris-top-her, ch-ristoph-er ] The baby boy name Christopher is pronounced as KRIHSTaaF-er- †. Christopher is used mostly in English and it is of Old Greek origin. Christopher is of the meaning bearing Christ. A biblical name, it is derived from the elements 'christos' which means sanctified, anointed ; 'pherein' to bear, to carry, to bring. Old forms of the name include Christophoros (Old Greek) and Christophorus (Latin). The name was popular among medieval Christians as a metaphorical expression of bearing Christ in their hearts, and later on, in tribute to the 3rd-century Saint Christopher, patron saint of travellers and one of the 14 Holy Helpers. According to legend, which originated from the literal translation of the name's meaning, the saint was a huge man who safely carried the infant Christ across a river. The name was also borne by various kings of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. It was first adopted by English speakers as early as the 13th century. It was later made famous by Cristoforo Columbo (1451-1506), the Italian explorer who discovered America while in the service of Spain; he was known as Christopher Columbus in England and Cristóbal Colon in Spain. The name is sometimes used in Scotland as the equivalent of the Gaelic Crìsdean.Christapher, Christipher, Christo, Christobal, Christobel, Christoffel, Christofor, Christoher, Christoper, Christoph (used in French and German as well), Christophe (used in French as well), Christophor, Christophoros, Christophr, Christophre, Christorpher, Christovao, Christpher, Chrystopher, Cristofer, Cristoval, Cristovano, Kriss (used in German and Latvian as well), Kristo (used in Greek as well), Kristofel, Kristoffer (used in Scandinavian as well), Kristoforos, Kristos, Krystofer, and Krystopher. Other English forms include the contracted forms Chris (used in Greek as well), Kris (used in German, and Scandinavian as well), and Topher (used in Greek as well), the pet forms Chip, Cris (used in Spanish as well), Kit (used in Greek as well), Kitt, and Topper, and the spelling variants Christofer (used in Czech and Russian as well), Christoffer (used in Scandinavian as well), Cristopher, Kristofer (used in Scandinavian as well), and Kristopher.
Derivatives of Christopher used in other languages include Christapor (Armenian), Christof (German and Russian), Christoff (German and Russian), Christofoor (Dutch), Christoforo (Italian), Christoforus (German), Christos (Greek), Christóbal (Spanish), Crisdean (Gaelic), Crisóforo (Spanish), Cristi (Spanish), Cristo (Spanish), Cristobal (Greek and Spanish), Cristofor (Romanian), Cristoforo (Italian), Criston (Spanish), Cristos (Spanish), Cristovao (Portuguese), Cristòfol (Catalan), Cristóbal (Spanish), Cristóvão (Portuguese), Críostóir (Gaelic and Irish), Hristo (Slavic), Kester (Gaelic and Scottish), Kristaps (Latvian), Kristof (Czech, Hungarian, and Scandinavian), Kristoff (Scandinavian), Kristofor (Scandinavian), Kristophoros (Greek), and Kristóf (Hungarian). Specific foreign variants include the contracted forms Risto (Finnish and Slavic), Stoffel (German), and Tobal (Spanish), and the pet forms Christie (Irish and Scottish), Christy (Irish and Scottish), and Crystal (Scottish).
See also the related form, the Scottish Crìsdean.
Christopher is a very popular baby name for boys. The name increased in popularity from the 1930s up to the 1980s. At the peak of its usage in 1984, 3.205% of baby boys were named Christopher. Its ranking then was #2. The baby name has since slipped in popularity. In 2011, its usage was 0.640% and its ranking #21, but it was nevertheless the most popular out of all boy names in its group. In 2011, Christopher was more widely used than the 2nd most popular name, Chris, by 22 times. The name Christopher has been predominantly given to baby boys, though it has also been used as a girl name in the past century. In 1990, baby boys named Christopher outnumbered girls by 265 times.
Baby names that sound like Christopher include Chrystopher, Kristopher, Krystopher, Christapher, Christapor, Christipher, Christofer, Christoffer, Christofoor, Christofor, Christoper, Christophor, Cristofer, Cristofor, Cristopher, Kristofer, Kristoffer, Kristofor, Krystofer, and Christoforo.
† Pronunciation for Christopher: K as in "key (K.IY)" ; R as in "race (R.EY.S)" ; IH as in "it (IH.T)" ; S as in "see (S.IY)" ; T as in "tee (T.IY)" ; AA as in "odd (AA.D)" ; F as in "fee (F.IY)" ; ER as in "hurt (HH.ER.T)"
Details of famous persons named Christopher:
Actor Ashton Kutcher, born Christopher Ashton Kutcher, 7 February 1978, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
Actor Christopher Lee, born Christopher Frank Caradini Lee, 27 May 1922, London, England.
Actor Christopher Reeve, born 25 September 1952 - 10 October 2004, New York, New York.
Actor Christopher Walken, born 31 March 1943, New York, New York.
Explorer Christopher Columbus, born 1451 - 20 May 1506, Genoa, Italy.
Rapper Ludacris, born Christopher Bridges, 11 September 1977, Champaign, Illinois.
Rapper Big Punisher, born Christopher Rios, 9 November 1971 - 7 February 2000, The Bronx, New York.
Singer Chris De Burgh, born Christopher John Davison, 15 October 1948, Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe Province, Argentina.
TV presenter Chris Tarrant, born Christopher John Tarrant, 10 October 1946, Reading, Berkshire, England.
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ISSUES IN FOCUS
Week of November 22, 1999
OUTLAW THE INITIATION OF FORCE
Statism is the notion that your life, money and property are not yours, but ultimately the property of the state. Under statism, your life is regulated, your money is forcibly taken from you and you must obtain permission from statists before you can use your property.
All law is backed by the threat of force or its actual use. In a free society, law only uses force in retaliation against those who initiate it.
In a statist society, such as we have today, most laws invoke the initiation of force against those who have not initiated force against anyone. The most notable instance, in recent history, is the antitrust action against Microsoft, which has not initiated force against anyone. The federal government and various states are seeking, through the initiation of force, to bring Microsoftand ultimately all computer- and Internet-related companiesunder their control. If statists can bring Microsoft to its knees, then they can bring any company down.
The initiation of force is the sine qua non of statism. Without this power, they would be impotent, unable to threaten or harm the life of another.
Many instances of the initiation of force do not involve actual physical contact between the initiator and his victim. If you are suddenly confronted by an armed robber, you fork over your money because of the threat of force, even though the robber never touches you. Nonetheless, the robber has initiated force against you. The same is true when statists enact regulations robbing you of your freedom. You comply under the threat of force by the state, out of the fear of being arrested and jailed for not obeying their regulations.
Statists are so fond of railing against guns, yet they are the biggest proponents and users of guns in the initiation of force by the state. Rather than personally mugging you on a street corner, they mug you every day with their legislationand if you do not comply, they have thousands of armed agents ready and willing to physically initiate force against you. They will haul you off to jail and/or take your money and property, even though you have not used force against anyone.
There are many disparate groups fighting against statisms advance in America: conservatives, libertarians, Objectivists and others. The wonder is most do not focus on statisms vulnerable underbelly: the initiation of force.
The initiation of force is the moral code of an armed thug. Let Al Gore and his statist buddies attempt to justify it. They cant. In my dreams, I would hope some journalistin a nationally televised news conferencewould ask Gore to justify it, to explain why the initiation of force by the state is somehow morally different than its use by an armed robber.
Exasperatingly, there is a wide disparity between most individuals private and public behavior. As private individuals, most reject statism and the initiation of force. I think most generally believe that your life, money and property are yours. And most would never dream of personally initiating force against you. Yet many, if not most, of these same individuals will publicly support statism and the states use of the initiation of force.
Most likely do not understand that statists are initiating force and that their actions are no different, in principle, from those of an armed thug . As long as most continue to remain blind to the actions of statists, as long as they continue to sanction the initiation of force, Americas freedom will continue its steady decline.
Force should only be used in self-defense and only in retaliation against those who initiate it. This goes double for the state since its powers of force are many times greater than any lone robber. Whats wrong for the robber is wrong for the state. The state should only be in the business of protecting you from the initiation of force. It should not be in the business of inflicting it upon you or anyone else.
There are many in this country who profess to believe in goodwill and peace among men. If these individuals are serious and sincere, then let them join in a campaign to outlaw the initiation of force by anyone and especially by the state. As long as the state is the aggressor, the initiator of force, it will be an instrument for the destruction of freedom, peace and goodwill.
November 22, 1999
© Copyright 1999 Fulton Huxtable
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SISTER CITY? A view of Baltimore Harbor.
This is not the only area in which Maryland and the Biggest Little are seeking synergy. Herb Weiss, from the City of Pawtucket's economic development office, recently alerted me to a study done by the Department of Urban Studies and Planning at the University of Maryland that looked at lessons Baltimore might learn from cities that have turned the arts into an economic development engine. A group of students in a master's program studio under the tutelage of Professor Sidney Brower studied Providence and Pawtucket as well as Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Worcester, Massachusetts.
Since the early 1970s, when I first became aware of the underground arts scene in Baltimore (thanks to my friends Mark Kehoe and David Byrne), I have found Charm City and the Biggest Little to share a fascinating symbiosis. At that time, John Waters and his "Dreamlanders" posse (Divine, Mary Vivian "Mink Stole" Pearce, Edith Massey, Vincent Peranio, Van Smith, et al) were the dominant and defining figures in Baltimore while, here in La Prov, it was the Fabulous Motels and our posse (Charles Rocket, Bonita Flanders, Simone Cuc, Dan Gosch, Jeff Thomas, et al) who were forging a brave new art vision that was goofy, silly, and generally X-rated. In short, somewhat like real life — or at least the "real life" we were living. I continue to find strong parallels in our respective cultures, but I'll discuss that at some other time. For now, back to the report.
What I took from reading parts of the document, "Arts Impact: Examining the Establishment of an Arts District on Baltimore's West Side," was that the experiences in art and economic development in Pawtucket seemed to be the most impressive — the model that the Baltimoreans are most interested in emulating. Pawtucket artists told the Baltimoreans that affordable work-live spaces are vital. Another urgent need, the artists explained, is a "consistent way to sell and display" work.
And, of course, the Pawtucket artists had lots of thoughtful and cool ideas. One of them described how "in the Penlands community of North Carolina . . . glassblowers have their studios in the basement so that the heat from their equipment can heat the entire building." The cleverness here is further support for a long-held proposition of mine: Let the artists run the world. They are the smartest (and truly, the holiest) people of our communities.
Some other valuable ideas from the U. of Maryland study: "Provide ways for artists to share large equipment such as hydraulic lifts, trucks and vans, etc., that they only need occasionally, so each studio doesn't have to purchase it." And, "establish a formal apprenticeship program that would allow young artists to attach themselves to a studio, learn the skills, work with the master artists on an ongoing basis and then become journeymen and women before striking out on their own."
The report also cites Pawtucket for its Riverfront Lofts development (kudos to Morris and Phyllis Nathanson) — the "most successful-looking of the mill revitalization projects" and the city's true "secret weapon" — and the aforementioned Herb Weiss, described in the report as "a dedicated person within city government to act as an advocate for artists" and described by "everyone we spoke with in both Pawtucket and Providence as an indispensable go-to person when an artist needs help with anything."
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As I watched coverage of the protests in Cairo I was astonished by the scenes of men riding camels into the crowd beating people all around them with sticks. Such scenes have been part of life in Cairo for centuries as the following excerpt from Spices, Saints, and Saracens shows. In this (2.87b-2.88a) passage, Felix Fabri describes a tour of the city he and his fellow pilgrims made under the escort of a Mamluk guard. He had remarked before that the streets in this thriving city were so crowded you could barely move, but he had not yet seen how the ruling clique made way for themselves. Like the Egyptian Security Forces and their supporters today, the Mamluks kept order and maintained their control through intimidation and violence. The lesson, however, is clearly that violence begets violence.
The pilgrims are probably traveling south on al-Muizz Street, one of the principal thoroughfares of medieval Cairo, and pass through Bab Zuwayla.
October 14 1483, the feast of Pope Callistus. In the morning Tanguardinus mounted his horse and as he rode out of the court forbade us from leaving the house. He returned after a little while and brought with him two Mamluk horsemen and Saracens with as many asses as there were pilgrims. We mounted the asses, left the house, and went down a long, crowded street. We came to an iron gate, large and very old, through which we entered another very crowded street—so much so that we could not cross or move forward on our asses. The Mamluks in front of us therefore raised their staffs and put the obstructing crowd to flight with shouts and threats in order to make way for us. This happened often, but sometimes there was such a commotion and crush of people that neither the shouts nor the threats of the Mamluks turned them. In such cases they began to strike and beat the crowd with their staffs, and a way was made through the people by the falling of blows and the push of horses. They rushed into the crowd with their horses and raised staffs, caring less about injuring a man than if they were going through a herd of swine. The Mamluks are the rectors of the city and of that people, as will be seen. Everyone trembles at their shouts and threats, and when they are struck, shoved, injured, or touched they dare not strike back or shout or murmur, or even frown.
Since the way was given like this, by injuring the people, and because the people made note that they were receiving this insult because of our passage, many of them came running after us, shouting, insulting, sticking their tongues out at us, and throwing dirt (since there are no stones there). Some tugged at our clothes, others pulled our asses’ tails and, running around us in circles, frequently knocked over the animal and its rider. We did not care about harmless insults, but if a pilgrim was injured by blows or dragged from his animal, his other companions shouted to the Mamluks in front who turned and put the attackers to flight. Thus we made our way through the crowd, there and in other places, with toil and danger.
As we proceeded, two Saracens got in our way—older and seemingly upstanding men, moving through the crowd on asses. Our two Mamluk guides attacked them, fell on them with their staffs, threw them from their asses to the ground, and had a lengthy row with them as a crowd of people gathered. We were amazed at this, since [2.88a] at first we did not understand the mystery of the deed. The reason why the two of them were knocked from their asses was that they had violated the law of the sultan’s court: there is a statute that when a Saracen meets a Mamluk knight of the court, the Saracen, if he is mounted on an ass or a horse, should take his feet from his stirrups and let them hang; if he does this, good; if not, he is immediately thrown from his ass.
It is truly remarkable to see scenes like this happening today, right in front of the cameras.
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Top American Chocolate Tours
A favorite sweet is now a sophisticated, eco-conscious confection, with producers who are eager to tell its story.
Of humankind’s many vices, chocolate is certainly the most delicious, if not the oldest. To the ancient Mayans of Central and South America, the cacao plant symbolized life and fertility, and they valued chocolate so highly that they often used the beans as currency. Later the Aztec believed that cacao inspired wisdom and power, which is why emperor Montezuma drank bitter, liquid chocolate—and why the plant’s scientific name, Theobroma cacao, literally means “food of the gods” in Greek.
Fast-forward thousands of years and chocolate is still considered nutritious and indulgently inspirational to people on almost every continent. The global demand for cacao forms the economic backbone of countries from Africa through the Amazon, but with that demand has come the mass production and inherent dilution—both in flavor and price—of this once-prized food.
Enter the recent luxury chocolate movement, whose champions do more than wrap Swiss or Belgian confections in expensive paper. Most of these chocolatiers emphasize a bean-to-bar philosophy, which includes hand-selecting cacao beans—often organic and sourced fairly or directly—then roasting them in-house and crafting small batches of single-origin chocolate bars, truffles and beverages.
If it sounds similar to microbrewing or Scotch distillation, it is. Just ask Jacques Torres, who has been doing this for more than a decade at his New York factories. He, like Theo Chocolates in Seattle and San Francisco’s TCHO, believes that making chocolate is a personal, creative process, demonstrated by unique flavor profiles (which include, respectively, fig, fennel and dark citrus).
And what better way to educate the public on this art form than by providing behind-the-scenes perspective. By inviting visitors to watch the painstaking process of roasting beans, tempering ganache and painting truffles, these chocolatiers’ tours are worthy stops for culinary travelers seeking intimate experiences (and, possibly, investment opportunities in eco-friendly companies). Some, like Lake Champlain Chocolates in Burlington, Vermont, and Askinosie in Springfield, Missouri, even donate proceeds from their tours to local environmental programs. But all of them sweeten the educational messages with plenty of samples. Taste away.
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Scheele's Green, also called Schloss Green, is chemically a cupric hydrogen arsenite (also called copper arsenite or acidic copper arsenite), CuHAsO3. It is chemically related to Paris Green. It is a yellowish-green pigment and in the past it was used in some paints, but has since fallen out of use because of its toxicity and the instability of its colour in the presence of sulphides and various chemical pollutants.
The pigment was originally prepared by making a solution of sodium carbonate at a temperature of around 90 °C, then slowly adding arsenious oxide, while constantly stirring until everything had dissolved. This produced a sodium arsenite solution. Added to a copper sulfate solution, it produced a green precipitate of effectively insoluble copper arsenite. After filtration the product was dried at about 43°C. To enhance the color, the salt was subsequently heated to 60-70 °C. The intensity of the color depends on the copper : arsenic ratio, which in turn was affected by ratio of the starting materials, as well as the temperature.
It has been found that Scheele's green was composed of a variety of different compounds, including copper metaarsenite (CuO•As2O3), copper arsenite salt (CuAsHO3 and Cu(AsO3)2•3H2O)), neutral copper orthoarsenite (3CuO•As2O3•2H2O), copper arsenate (CuAsO2 and Cu(AsO2)2), copper diarsenite (2CuO•As2O3•2H2O).
Scheele's Green was used as a color for paper, e.g., for wallpapers and paper hangings, and in paints, wax candles, and even on some children's toys. It was also used to dye cotton and linen. Scheele's Green is more brilliant and durable than the then-used copper carbonate pigments. However, because of its copper content it tends to fade and blacken when exposed to sulfides, whether in the form of atmospheric hydrogen sulfide or in pigment mixtures based on or containing sulfur.
Emerald green, also known as Paris Green, was developed later in attempt to improve Scheele's Green. It had the same tendency to blacken, but was more durable. By the end of 19th century, both greens were made obsolete by cobalt green, also known as zinc green, which is far less toxic.
Scheele's Green was used as an insecticide in the 1930s, together with Paris Green.
Despite evidence of its high toxicity, Scheele's Green was also used as a food dye for sweets such as green blancmange, a fondness of traders in 19th century Greenock, leading to a long-standing Scottish prejudice against green sweets.
In the 19th century the toxicity of arsenic compounds was not readily known. 19th century journals reported of children wasting away in bright green rooms, of ladies in green dresses swooning and newspaper printers being overcome by arsenic vapors. There is one example of an acute poisoning of children attending a Christmas party where dyed candles were burned.
Two main theories on the cause of wallpaper poisoning events have been proposed: dust particles caused by pigment and paper flaking, and toxic gas production. Tiny particles of the pigment can flake off and become airborne, and then are absorbed by the lungs. Alternatively, toxic gas can be released from compounds containing arsenic following certain chemical processes, such as heating, or metabolism by an organism. When the wallpaper becomes damp and moldy, the pigment may be metabolised, causing the release of poisonous arsine gas (AsH3). Fungi genera such as Scopulariopsis or Paecilomyces release arsine gas, when they are growing on a substance containing arsenic. In 1893 the Italian physician Bartolomeo Gosio published his results on "Gosio gas" that was subsequently shown to contain trimethylarsine. Under wet conditions, the mold Scopulariopsis brevicaulis produced significant amounts of methyl arsines via methylation of arsenic-containing inorganic pigments, especially Paris green and Scheele's Green.
In these compounds, the arsenic is either pentavalent or trivalent (arsenic is in group 15), depending on the compound. In humans, arsenic of these valences is readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, which accounts for its high toxicity. Pentavalent arsenic tends to be reduced to trivalent arsenic and trivalent arsenic tends to proceed via oxidative methylation in which the trivalent arsenic is made into mono, di and trimethylated products by methyltransferases and an S-adenosyl-methionine methyl donating cofactor. However, newer studies indicate that trimethylarsine has a low toxicity and could therefore not account for the death and the severe health problems observed in the 19th century.
Arsenic is not only toxic, but it also has carcinogenic effects.
Scheele's Green and Napoleon
During Napoleon's exile in St. Helena, he resided in a very luxurious room painted bright green, his favorite color. His cause of death is generally believed to be stomach cancer, and arsenic exposure has been linked to an increased risk of gastric carcinoma. Analysis of his hair samples revealed significant amounts of arsenic. As St. Helena has a rather damp climate, it is not unlikely that fungus grew on the walls. It has also been suggested that the presence of such abnormally high levels of arsenic might be due to attempts at preserving his body.
- StudioMara - History of Pigments
- Nicholas Eastaugh, Valentine Walsh, Tracey Chaplin, Ruth Sidall. Pigment Compodium: A Dictionary of Historical Pigments. p. 122.
- Pye Henry Chavasse (1998). Advice to a Mother on the Management of her Children. Toronto: Willing & Williamson. ISBN 0-659-99653-7.
- Timbrell, John (2005). "Butter Yellow and Scheele's Green". The Poison Paradox: Chemicals as Friends and Foes. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280495-2.
- Acute Poisoning
- Fungal Glossary
- Mold Types and Mold Species
- Frederick Challenger (1955). "Biological methylation". Q. Rev. Chem. Soc. 9 (3): 255–286. doi:10.1039/QR9550900255.
- Ronald Bentley and Thomas G. Chasteen (2002). "Microbial Methylation of Metalloids: Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 66 (2): 250–271. doi:10.1128/MMBR.66.2.250-271.2002. PMC 120786. PMID 12040126.
- PL Goering, HV Aposhian, MJ Mass, M Cebrian, BD Beck and MP Waalkes (1999). "The enigma of arsenic carcinogenesis: role of metabolism". Toxicological Sciences 49 (1): 5–14. doi:10.1093/toxsci/49.1.5. PMID 10367337.
- Was Napoleon Murdered?[dead link]
- William R. Cullen, Ronald Bentley (2005). "The toxicity of trimethylarsine: an urban myth". J. Environ. Monit. 7 (1): 11–15. doi:10.1039/b413752n. PMID 15693178.
- Frederick Challenger, Constance Higginbottom, Louis Ellis (1933). "The formation of organo-metalloidal compounds by microorganisms. Part I. Trimethylarsine and dimethylethylarsine". J. Chem. Soc.: 95–101. doi:10.1039/JR9330000095.
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Featured Actionist®: Girls Gone Green
Hayden Panettiere, Mischa Barton, Ellen Page- everyone's going green these days, but saving the environment is a large task for anyone to take on, especially a teenager. Yet the everyday green girls profiled here have a passion-to do just that. They've stepped up, taken the initiative, and made their voices heard, and in doing so, they have helped to effect change- from creating a cosmetics line free of toxic chemicals to trying to conquer global warming to encouraging the use of wind power. Filled with stories from real girls who made a difference, plus lots of celebrity green girls who are doing their part to help out, Girls Gone Green gives girls everywhere the inspiration to do something to help their world. It doesn't matter how small the change is- it only matters that you make the effort to bring about that change.
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$pending This Christmas or Spending It Well
- Monday, December 05, 2011
The Christmas season is once again upon us and with it overwhelming encouragement from Madison Avenue to spend what we have not earned to buy what we cannot afford. The day after Thanksgiving, known as Black Friday (indicating the point at which retailers are in the black — or at least hope to be), signaled the start of the “holiday shopping season.” That phrase in and of itself reveals the commercialized emphasis that has unfortunately come to define Christmas for many Americans.
The thrust of this consumerist message is that the holiday is best enjoyed or most fully realized through the acquisition of “things.” Advertisements bombard us with images of bountiful Christmas scenes in which beautiful packages surround the tree, and “happiness” is realized upon the receipt of this or that consumer product. Credit card issuers alone (those most interested in seeing you spend what you don’t have) spend more than $150 million on holiday advertising and promotions. Evidence that these messages work is found in the fact that, according to financial advisor Dave Ramsey, “over 50 percent of Christmas shoppers will spend well over what they planned to and will go further into debt.”
As to the severity of this debt, Ramsey points out that “more than $70 billion, over half of what was charged last year, ended up as revolving debt and the interest on last year’s gifts are still being paid today.” On average, “two-thirds (65 percent) of shoppers overspent their budget by $100–$500 and 75 percent overspent by $50–$100.”
Of course this consumerist philosophy — rooted in the notion that making more money, which enables you to buy more things, will necessarily result in greater life satisfaction and happiness — is a pervasive message year-round in America. Recent studies show that most Americans believe they would be “perfectly happy” with just 20 percent more income. And according to Boston College sociologist Juliet Schor’s 1998 best seller The Overspent American, “one-quarter of Americans making $100,000 believe they don’t have enough cash.” (In 2010, the US median income was $49,445.)
However, renowned economist and USC professor, Richard Easterlin observed that “once a society’s basic needs — food, shelter, employment — are satisfied, the accumulation of greater and greater wealth does not generate greater collective or personal happiness over the long run” (USC Trojan Family Magazine). This has become known as the Easterlin Paradox.
In the early seventies “Easterlin sifted through numerous surveys asking Americans how happy they were. The explosion in wealth created by the postwar boom had not made a dent, he discovered. Although the average family was 60 percent richer in 1974, levels of contentment remained unchanged from 1945.” These findings “flew in the face of the assumption held by most economists and politicians that populations get happier as national wealth increases.” Also according to the article “today, no one disputes the truth of the Easterlin Paradox.”
Despite our present economic challenges, the United States is still far richer in 2011 than it was 1974 and yet our levels of life satisfaction and personal contentment haven’t improved one iota. In fact, every measurement of personal well being — psychological, emotional, and spiritual — demonstrates that despite our increased abundance we are less satisfied and more depressed than ever.
A joint study recently conducted by the World Health Organization and Harvard Medical School revealed that the US has the highest rate of depression among a survey group of fourteen countries. Conversely the poorest nations reported the lowest levels of depression. Researchers suggest that this may be due to differing expectations. Precisely! Americans — saturated with consumerism — have been conditioned to expect that happiness and satisfaction naturally flow from prosperity and the acquisition of things. That is the whole point of consumer advertising: to make you discontent with what you have by offering the expectation of an improved life through the purchase of the latest product — an expectation that very quickly evaporates after we have purchased said product.
Recently on Christmas and Advent
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Mild winter affected wheat disease development
Above-normal temperatures during the winter and spring of 2011-2012 influenced the development of wheat diseases in Nebraska. Temperature is a component of environment, one of three factors that must be present for disease to occur. These three factors form what in plant pathology is popularly known as the disease triangle: a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen (capable of causing disease), and a favorable environment. Of the three factors, environment is the most important determinant of disease development and spread. Environmental components include temperature, moisture, humidity, wind, and sunlight.
Over the last several years, environmental conditions unique to a given year have favored epidemics of specific diseases in winter wheat. Notable among these are the leaf rust and barley yellow dwarf epidemics of 2007 (Figures 1 and 2), the barley yellow dwarf epidemics of 2011 and 2012, the Fusarium head blight epidemics of 2007 and 2008 (Figure 3), the stripe rust epidemic of 2010 (Figure 4), and the wheat streak mosaic epidemics of 2011 and 2012 (Figure 5). Leaf spot diseases, mainly tan spot and Septoria leaf blotch, occur each year and therefore do not usually stand out as much as the less frequent diseases when epidemics occur.
In Nebraska, propagules (e.g. spores, mycelia) of many fungal pathogens are killed during the winter due to cold temperatures. Unseasonably warm temperatures during the winter can enable these pathogens to survive and cause disease earlier than normal during the growing season. In addition, during warm winters the southern overwintering zone for the rust and powdery mildew pathogens extends further north, increasing the potential for spores blowing into the northern wheat-growing areas earlier than normal in the spring. When diseases develop early in the growing season, the potential for yield loss is increased because damage can occur over a longer period.
Warm winter temperatures also favor the survival of soilborne fungal pathogens which cause root and crown rot diseases. During warm winters, soil water may not freeze deep enough to kill these pathogens. This can lead to buildup of larger pathogen populations and, subsequently, increased disease levels during the growing season. If winter temperatures are too warm, soilborne pathogens can infect the fall-sown crop during the winter or early spring. Hence the period during which the crop is damaged is longer, resulting in more severe symptom expression and greater yield loss.
Warm fall, winter, and spring temperatures can increase the prevalence, incidence, and severity of wheat virus diseases by favoring the survival and reproduction of both the viruses and their vectors. They also lengthen the period during which the viruses can damage the wheat crop.
This was the case in 2012 when wheat streak mosaic and barley yellow dwarf were detected in most fields surveyed, with some fields showing very severe symptoms (Figure 5). Wheat soilborne mosaic (Figure 6) was also observed at higher than normal levels of severity due to the warm fall and winter temperatures.
2012 Conditions Lead to Increase in Wheat Diseases
In conclusion, the potential for more disease and therefore greater yield loss is increased during a growing season that follows a warm winter; however, the extent of disease prevalence, incidence, and severity largely depends on environmental conditions, especially moisture. In the 2012 growing season, dry conditions slowed down or prevented the development of some fungal diseases. Despite the dry conditions, the early onset of disease due to above normal winter and spring temperatures and intermittent periods of wet weather are likely to result in greater winter wheat yield loss in 2012 than in a normal year. Some farmers have baled their wheat into hay or plowed it under in order to plant an alternative crop.
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Before they can speak, babies make friends: study
Babies still too small to speak know how to make jokes and form friendships, say researchers at an Australian university who have spent two years filming the behaviour of young children.
Academics at Charles Sturt University are studying how children interact with other infants while in childcare using footage obtained from tiny cameras strapped to their heads.
The study affords a "baby's eye view" of the world in which even simple objects such as spoons appear oversized, said Jennifer Sumsion, foundation professor of early childhood at the university.
But it also shows that children aged from six months to 18 months use sophisticated but subtle non-verbal means to make friends and make each other laugh.
"We were very, very surprised to see just how sophisticated they were in terms of their social skills, their helping skills, in making sure they were inviting other children to be part of their group," Sumsion told AFP.
Sumsion said babies interacted with each other by making eye contact and with hand gestures and humour. They used "little social games that you wouldn't necessarily see unless you were looking very closely", she said.
Examples of this included children pretending to hand another child a toy, only to snatch it away at the last minute, or babies sitting close to each other in highchairs playfully switching their drink bottles around.
In another instance caught on camera, a one-year-old girl tried to comfort a baby when she was frightened by gently placing a piece of see-through fabric over her so she could see out but feel protected.
The researchers, who analysed the baby-cam footage alongside other video shot of the children at the same time, did not force the babies to wear the cameras and they were only attached for 10 to 15 minutes at a time.
They hope the research will shed light on the secret world of babies and their experience in childcare.
"What surprised us though was the games that they were playing with each other, even at that age. It's really very positive to see," Sumsion said.
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Search for music by typing a word or phrase in the box below or by selecting one or more categories from the list on the side.
Duration: 04' 00" Year: 2008
for soprano and oboe
Dramatic contrasts are depicted in the sounds of soprano voice and oboe in Ubi Eum Crucifixerunt (There they crucified him).
The soprano sings in both Latin and English, the latter softly while the oboe supports the voice as well as weaving an expressive melodic line.
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I have learnt to delete the email every time without reading it. Now I discover that I was right to do so, thanks to the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution’s commonsensical report, Novel Materials in the Environment: the Case of Nanotechnology.
As the people who earn money by getting us to worry about it know, calling something nanotechnology makes us far more likely to worry than if it were called dust.
Just like other supposedly new trends that people want us to be alarmed about, such as globalisation, working with vanishingly small particles is not so novel either. It has been going on since ancient times.
The Lycurgus cup, shown on the cover of the Royal Commission’s report, is thought to have been made in 4th-century AD Rome.
It is the only complete example of a special kind of glass, known as dichroic, which changes colour from opaque green to translucent red when held up to the light.
This property is caused by tiny amounts of colloidal gold and silver contained in the glass.
So far, so unalarming. The Royal Commission makes the sane point that there is nothing inherently alarming about nanoparticles because of their scale, only because of what some of them have been engineered to do.
We already know alarming things about dust. For example, prolonged exposure to coal dust causes lung diseases and some forms of asbestos cause cancer.
But is the world about to be dissolved into grey goo because of some new agent attacking cell walls? The Royal Commission would appear to think not.
They do point out that a growing number of nanoparticles, called carbon nanotubes, are used in tyres and as anti-static agents in fuels, and things called Buckminsterfullerenes, or Buckyballs, are manufactured in increasing quantities.
Sir John Lawton, chairman of the commission, says he would not wear sportswear coated with minute silver particles, which fight smell and grime, because they might behave in the same malign way as asbestos dust - though they might not. We simply don’t know.
So, as the Royal Commission says, it makes sense to research what particles do when they are ingested or discharged willy-nilly into the environment. It also makes sense to amend regulations, so companies have to report any adverse effect on health or the environment.
On the other hand, potential uses of nanotechnology are likely to benefit mankind considerably - for example in water treatment, in fuel cells, batteries and in energy?efficient materials. So it would be mad to write off whole technologies without further research.
All this sounds like profound common sense - the kind that has sadly often not been listened to when the commission has offered advice before, for example, on reducing the emissions from aircraft into the stratosphere.
You wonder why we can’t look at GM technology in the same measured way.
• WE have no chance now of meeting the target the Government has, perhaps foolishly, imposed on itself of halting the loss of Britain’s species and habitats by 2010, a Commons select committee reported this week.
MPs say the problem is simply that government fails to consider the consequences of its own policies, for example those on biofuels, planning, housebuilding – or the removal of set-aside.
• SOMETHING funny goes on, though, when accounting for the loss of species.
My friend Guy Smith, Essex farmer and barn owl lover, points out that the government’s Farmland Bird Index, one of its indicators of sustainability, is based on an absurdly small number of species, 19 in fact, when a more reasonable number for the birds inhabiting farmland would be in the 40s.
The index excludes sparrowhawks, buzzards, magpies – all of which have increased. It even leaves out barn owls, which have doubled in numbers in the past 10 years.
Could it be that the decline of smaller birds, such as the skylark and starling, has to do not only with changes in farming, as environmentalists are fond of pointing out, but also with an increase in predatory species? Interesting thought.
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On April 7, 1993, at approximately 1255 central daylight time, a Boeing 757 200, Canadian registration CF00A, declared an emergency following a loss of control after encountering extreme turbulence while in cruise flight at FL 420, approximately 30 miles south of the Houston Intercontinental Airport (IAH), near Houston, Texas. The airplane, operating as Elite Flight 833, was owned and operated by Canada 3000 Airline Limited, as a charter flight from Vancouver, Canada, to San Jose, Costa Rica. There were no injuries to the 31 passengers or 9 crewmembers aboard the airplane. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed throughout the area at the time of the incident. Use your browsers 'back' function to return to synopsisReturn to Query Page
The captain had turned the fasten seat belt light on and ordered the cabin crew to secure the cabin as the airplane approached an area of forecasted convective activity. Radar vectors were provided around weather and traffic. The captain stated that their airborne weather radar was not displaying severe weather along their route of flight as the airplane encountered light to occasionally moderate turbulence. The airplane was configured for turbulence penetration with engine igniters on "continuous", and manual control of the throttles. A cell appeared ahead of their route of flight, and a 10 degree deviation was requested from ATC and granted.
According to the captain, as the turn was initiated to comply with the requested deviation, severe turbulence was encountered, as the airspeed was observed decreasing below .68 MACH. The first officer, who was flying the airplane, "disconnected the auto pilot as both pilots pushed the nose down to prevent the airplane from stalling." The captain estimated a negative 2G force resulted as the attitude of the airplane was changed to an estimated 7 degree below the horizon. As the airplane continued in "moderate heavy" turbulence, both generators came off line and power was lost to all the flight, navigation, and engine instruments. The captain took over the controls and continued to fly the airplane by means of the emergency standby instruments, as he declared an emergency.
The first officer started the APU and completed the emergency procedures to attempt to regain electrical power. The flight crew reported a strong electrical fire odor, and an "equipment overheat" message appeared on the ECAS. Approximately 5 minutes after losing the generators, they both came back on line. The airplane was vectored for an ILS approach to runway 14 at the Houston Intercontinental Airport. (breaking out of the weather at 600 feet AGL.) A post incident inspection of the airframe and engines failed to find any anomalies or damage.
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President Obama / SAUL LOEB, AFP/Getty Images
Well, North Korea found a way to get a bigger spot in President Obama's State of the Union Address.
Obama will condemn the regime's latest nuclear test in his speech Tuesday night to a joint session of Congress, aides said.
The Office of the Director of National Intelligence issued this statement on the blast: "The U.S. Intelligence Community assesses that North Korea probably conducted an underground nuclear explosion in the vicinity of P'unggye on February 12, 2013. The explosion yield was approximately several kilotons. Analysis of the event continues."
The president is also likely to discuss nuclear non-proliferation plans, including efforts to reduce nuclear stockpiles across the globe.
"The president will say that the only way North Korea will rejoin the world community is if they stop these threats and live up to their international obligations," said Tommy Vietor, a spokesman for the National Security Council.
The North Korean nuke text won't change the president's speech much, aides said.
"He was always prepared to address North Korea in the speech," said senior adviser Dan Pfeiffer on MSNBC.
Some congressional Republicans said they will be looking to see what Obama's comments about North Korea might say about another potential nuclear threat: Iran.
"I'm sure the Iranians are watching closely," tweeted Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., Obama's opponent in the 2008 election.
The State of the Union speech is scheduled for 9 p.m. ET.
In the meantime, Obama issued a statement condemning the test:.
"North Korea announced today that it conducted a third nuclear test. This is a highly provocative act that, following its December 12 ballistic missile launch, undermines regional stability, violates North Korea's obligations under numerous United Nations Security Council resolutions, contravenes its commitments under the September 19, 2005 Joint Statement of the Six-Party Talks, and increases the risk of proliferation. North Korea's nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs constitute a threat to U.S. national security and to international peace and security.
"The United States remains vigilant in the face of North Korean provocations and steadfast in our defense commitments to allies in the region.
"These provocations do not make North Korea more secure. Far from achieving its stated goal of becoming a strong and prosperous nation, North Korea has instead increasingly isolated and impoverished its people through its ill-advised pursuit of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery.
"The danger posed by North Korea's threatening activities warrants further swift and credible action by the international community. The United States will also continue to take steps necessary to defend ourselves and our allies. We will strengthen close coordination with allies and partners and work with our Six-Party partners, the United Nations Security Council, and other UN member states to pursue firm action."
Copyright 2013 USATODAY.com
Read the original story: Obama to cite N. Korea nuke test in SOTU
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The long awaited eruption of Mexico's collosal volcano Popocatepetl ( name that means " Smoking Mountain" in old nahuatl language) that took place last monday 18, brought not only fear and uncertainty but also a unexpected event captured by merely accident. Today the main headlines of local newspapers Milenio and Extramex present a photograph of an unknown luminous flying object over the erupting volcano Popocatepetl located near from Mexico City and Puebla. The spectacular photograph taken by reporter Alfonso Reyes last tuesday 19 at 6:10 AM while making a report of the gigant violent awakening present a bright luminous object that contrast with the black clouds of smoke emanated from the volcano crater. The photo was taken in a 20 seconds exposure time and a 24 mm angular lens according to Mr. Reyes testimony. However he did'nt saw actually the flying object and was until the development of the film that he discovered what the camera captured. Due to the long exposure time the camera captured the luminous descending trayectory of the object that seems to make a quick turn into the crater direction. The possibility of a meteor was discarded considering the described trayectory of the object and also no airplane or helicopter were present in that place for obvious reasons.
This is not the first time that strange unknown objects have been seen flying over this volcano. In June 29, 1999 the surveillance camera of the CENAPRED, the goverment agency for disasters prevention was monitoring Mount Popo taking pictures at time intervals. At 1:20PM the camera captured a strange disk shape dark object very near from the volcano crater and emerging among the smoke clouds. No explanation was given by the agency at the time but researchers continued gathering photographic and video evidences of continuous objects present over the smoking volcano. Certainly the photograph taken by Alfonso Reyes deserves a serious and dedicated analysis. Meanwhile this event as well as the others still remain unexplained.
Santiago Yturria Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
FAIR USE NOTICE: This page may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. This website distributes this material without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. We believe this constitutes a fair use of any such copyrighted material as provided for in 17 U.S.C § 107.
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(PhysOrg.com) -- Australian astronomers have released the first set of data from the first project to look at the effects of "dark energy" halfway back in the Universe's lifetime.
Called WiggleZ (“wiggles”), the project is being done with the Anglo-Australian Telescope in NSW and is led by Professor Michael Drinkwater of UQ's School of Mathematics and Physics.
Dark Energy is an unidentified component of the Universe that is causing the expansion of the Universe to speed up.
Determining its nature is one of the key problems of physics today, and will lead to a "new understanding of physics," Professor Drinkwater said.
WiggleZ will get a handle on Dark Energy by measuring “wiggles” in the distribution of distant galaxies.
Because light takes time to travel through the Universe, looking far out is equivalent to looking back in time, and WiggleZ is observing galaxies that existed when the Universe was half its present age.
“By observing the size of the pattern at different times in the Universe's history, we can track the history of the expansion of the Universe, and thus determine the effects of Dark Energy,” Professor Warrick Couch of Swinburne University, a member of the WiggleZ team, said.
The “wiggles” pattern in galaxies in today's Universe was discovered in 2004 by two teams, one of which had used the Anglo-Australian Telescope for its galaxy survey.
WiggleZ will measure the redshifts (distances) of 240,000 galaxies, allowing astronomers to create a 3D map of galaxies stretching over a thousand square degrees on the sky and look for a pattern in the way they are clustered on large scales.
These galaxies are about halfway back in the Universe's history (4 to 8 billion years ago, corresponding to redshifts of between 0.2 and 1).
WiggleZ started in 2006 and, when finished in 2010, will be the largest galaxy redshift survey made to that time in terms of the volume of space it covers at such remote distances in the universe.
More than a dozen ground-based Dark Energy projects are proposed or under way, and at least four space-based missions, each of the order of a billion dollars, are at the design concept stage.
While the exact nature of Dark Energy is still unknown, there are only a few candidates.
A favoured one is the energy of empty space itself. But it could also be that Einstein's general theory of relativity, our current theory of gravity, is wrong on large scales.
Another approach to tracking the effects of Dark Energy is to look at the brightness of distant supernovae (exploding stars), and compare them with the brightness predicted for that time in the Universe's history. This is how Dark Energy was discovered in the first place.
However, there are uncertainties associated with the supernova approach related to how close in brightness all the supernovae are.
“The galaxy clustering method also has uncertainties, but completely independent ones, so the two methods provide a powerful cross-check to each other,” Dr Sarah Brough, a WiggleZ team member at the Anglo-Australian Observatory in Sydney, said.
The first WiggleZ data release, of 100,000 galaxies, is published in association with a paper in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
More information: Michael J. Drinkwater et al. “The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: Survey Design and First Data Release.” Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. On astro-ph at http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/0911.4246
Provided by University of Queensland (news : web)
Explore further: Galaxy's Ring of Fire
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“I have made this helmet with my own hands in the shape of a fish’s head, covering it with the skin of a seal. To make it more terrible I have put on it the horns of a bull and I have given it a boar’s jaws; I have hung from it a horse’s tail dyed vermilion.”
“Her cheeks were of the oval kind; and in her right she had a dimple, which the least smile discovered. Her chin had certainly its share in forming the beauty of her face; but it was difficult to say it was either large or small, though perhaps it was rather of the former kind. Her complexion had rather more of the lily than of the rose; but when exercise or modesty increased her natural colour, no vermilion could equal it.”
“The young man smiled,- whether in resignation or contempt, it would have been difficult to tell. “Look!” said he; “I have in that Japanese vase two roses gathered yesterday evening in the bud from the governor’s garden. This morning they have blown and spread their vermilion chalices beneath my gaze; with every opening petal they unfold the treasures of their perfume, filling my chamber with fragrance. Look now on these two roses; even among roses these are beautiful, and the rose is the most beautiful of flowers. Why, then, do you bid me desire other flowers when I possess the loveliest of all?”
Order: NEUROPTERA.- Little need here be said, except as to colour. In the Ephemeridae the sexes often differ slightly in their obscure tints; but it is not probable that the males are thus rendered attractive to the females. The Libellulidae, or dragon-flies, are ornamented with splendid green, blue, yellow, and vermilion metallic tints; and the sexes often differ.
Thus, as Prof. Westwood remarks, the males of some of the Agrionidae, “are of a rich blue with black wings, whilst the females are fine green with colourless wings.” But in Agrion ramburii these colours are exactly reversed in the two sexes. In the extensive N. American genus of Hetaerina, the males alone have a beautiful carmine spot at the base of each wing. In Anax junius the basal part of the abdomen in the male is a vivid ultramarine blue, and in the female grass-green.
In all the cases hitherto given the male is more strongly or brighter coloured than the female, and differs from the young of both sexes. But as with some few birds it is the female which is brighter coloured than the male, so with the rhesus monkey (Macacus rhesus), the female has a large surface of naked skin round the tail, of a brilliant carmine red, which, as I was assured by the keepers in the Zoological Gardens, periodically becomes even yet more vivid, and her face also is pale red.
Mr. Trimen has given me a description of a S. African moth (Gynanisa isis), allied to our emperor moth, in which a magnificent ocellus occupies nearly the whole surface of each hinder wing; it consists of a black centre, including a semi-transparent crescent-shaped mark, surrounded by successive, ochre-yellow, black, ochre-yellow, pink, white, pink, brown, and whitish zones.
Having made these preliminary remarks on the admiration felt by savages for various ornaments, and for deformities most unsightly in our eyes, let us see how far the men are attracted by the appearance of their women, and what are their ideas of beauty. I have heard it maintained that savages are quite indifferent about the beauty of their women, valuing them solely as slaves; it may therefore be well to observe that this conclusion does not at all agree with the care which the women take in ornamenting themselves, or with their vanity. Burchell gives an amusing account of a bush-woman who used as much grease, red ochre, and shining powder “as would have ruined any but a very rich husband.” She displayed also “much vanity and too evident a consciousness of her superiority”
“The Master said, “I hate the manner in which purple takes away the lustre of vermilion. I hate the way in which the songs of Chang confound the music of the Ya. I hate those who with their sharp mouths overthrow kingdoms and families.”
“Sir Knight,” replied the trader, “I entreat your worship in the name of this present company of princes, that, to save us from charging our consciences with the confession of a thing we have never seen or heard of, and one moreover so much to the prejudice of the Empresses and Queens of the Alcarria and Estremadura, your worship will be pleased to show us some portrait of this lady, though it be no bigger than a grain of wheat; for by the thread one gets at the ball, and in this way we shall be satisfied and easy, and you will be content and pleased; nay, I believe we are already so far agreed with you that even though her portrait should show her blind of one eye, and distilling vermilion and sulphur from the other, we would nevertheless, to gratify your worship, say all in her favour that you desire.”
“Your worship,” replied Sancho, “had better mark it with ruddle, like the inscriptions on the walls of class rooms, that those who see it may see it plain.”
“Adjured in that way,” replied the duenna, “I cannot help answering the question and telling the whole truth. Senor Don Quixote, have you observed the comeliness of my lady the duchess, that smooth complexion of hers like a burnished polished sword, those two cheeks of milk and carmine, that gay lively step with which she treads or rather seems to spurn the earth, so that one would fancy she went radiating health wherever she passed?
He says, therefore, that on the model of another head, the work of an image maker, which he had seen at Madrid, Don Antonio made this one at home for his own amusement and to astonish ignorant people; and its mechanism was as follows. The table was of wood painted and varnished to imitate jasper, and the pedestal on which it stood was of the same material, with four eagles’ claws projecting from it to support the weight more steadily.
They quartered him in a room on the ground floor, where in place of leather hangings there were pieces of painted serge such as they commonly use in villages. On one of them was painted by some very poor hand the Rape of Helen, when the bold guest carried her off from Menelaus, and on the other was the story of Dido and Aeneas, she on a high tower, as though she were making signals with a half sheet to her fugitive guest who was out at sea flying in a frigate or brigantine.”
This note was written upon gilt-edged paper
With a neat little crow-quill, slight and new:
Her small white hand could hardly reach the taper,
It trembled as magnetic needles do,
And yet she did not let one tear escape her;
The seal a sun-flower; ‘Elle vous suit partout,’
The motto cut upon a white cornelian;
The wax was superfine, its hue vermilion.
The airy child of vapour and the sun,
Brought forth in purple, cradled in vermilion,
Baptized in molten gold, and swathed in dun,
Glittering like crescents o’er a Turk’s pavilion,
And blending every colour into one,
Just like a black eye in a recent scuffle
(For sometimes we must box without the muffle).
Or like an opiate, which brings troubled rest,”
Or none; or like- like nothing that I know
Except itself;- such is the human breast;
A thing, of which similitudes can show
No real likeness,- like the old Tyrian vest
Dyed purple, none at present can tell how,
If from a shell-fish or from cochineal.
So perish every tyrant’s robe piece-meal!
“Rinaldo, who saw Isolier fall, and thought that his life was reft, darted towards the horse, and, with his fist, gave him such a blow on the jaws that the blood tinged his mouth with vermilion. Quicker than an arrow leaves the bow the horse turned upon him, and tried to seize his arm with his teeth.”
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This year our local library has chosen T.C. Boyle‘s When the Killing’s Done as its One City, One Book read. That’s for that adults among us. [Ok, we have to say it: Awful, awful throw-back to the schlock mystery 1940s genre of covers -- unless they were shooting for that?].
It’s a good choice for this community. It’s by a California-based author, about an area in California that’s near and familiar to us, about SoCal-type issues (the environment), and has main characters who are female (being that women read more than men). T.C. Boyle is also known for writing Baby Boomer books, which is a large demographic (over 20%) in this area.
The children have a separate event, One City, One Book for Kids, designed to specifically address 4th, 5th, and 6th graders. This year their selection is James Preller‘s Along Came Spider, a tale of friendship and the fifth grade. [Ok, we have to say it: the displayed cover here is not our favorite cover of the 3 different versions this book has had.]
Although Boyle’s book is probably well worth reading, we’ll be checking out Along Came Spider instead. Why? Because we believe, one city, one book should be about one book for everyone and maybe if more adults read with their children or what children were reading, the world be a better place. Also, it’s a third the size of Boyle’s!
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The Pacific Islands Development Program (PIDP) conducts a broad range of activities to enhance the quality of life in the Pacific islands. The founding mission of PIDP, established in 1980, is to assist Pacific islands leaders in advancing their collective efforts to achieve and sustain equitable social and economic development consistent with the goals of the Pacific islands region's people. PIDP began as a forum through which island leaders could discuss critical issues of development with a wide spectrum of interested countries, donors, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector. Today, PIDP's role as a regional organization has expanded to include the following five major activity areas:
As PIDP was formed at the specific request and for the benefit of the island leaders, the program is unique within the East-West Center as it responds to both the needs of the island leaders and can draw on the resources of the entire Center if PIDP lacks expertise in a specific area. The Standing Committee, composed of seventeen island leaders, annually reviews PIDP's work in the foregoing areas to ensure that it is responsive to the issues and challenges facing the Pacific islands region.
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By Michael Goldstein
By Dennis Romero
By Sarah Fenske
By Matthew Mullins
By Patrick Range McDonald
By LA Weekly
By Dennis Romero
By Simone Wilson
”Back in the 1980s, we basically used kids [for speaking to patients],” says Ofri. “Because the kids were the ones who were bilingual. Which is completely inappropriate.”
Surprisingly, it wouldn’t be impossible for Julia to end up with a new heart, even as an illegal immigrant. But it wouldn’t be easy, either.
”Being undocumented, by itself, does not make a person ineligible for transplant,” says Stuart Katz at NYU’s Division of Cardiology. In a telephone interview, he explains that, in a case like Julia’s, insurance coverage is crucial. He says that even if a heart transplant were performed, there are costs associated with post-transplant care that can overwhelm patients without insurance. “More than anything, we have to access how sick a person is,” and base a transplant on blood type, body size, and urgency. Katz has advised a number of undocumented patients who can’t afford the costs of a heart transplant. “I tell them, when they aren’t too sick, ‘You have to get documentation.’ Sometimes, I tell them to hire a lawyer. I mean, unfortunately, a medical plea to the State Department falls on deaf ears.”
Documentation, Ofri says, can help in gaining insurance. “You have to have the wherewithal in all respects—and part of that is financial. If she can get insurance, that will help her tremendously.”
As this week began, there were 324 patients waiting for heart transplants in New York. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), which controls the policies associated with transplants, says it doesn’t disqualify transplant patients based on immigration status. But, UNOS spokesman Joel Newman writes in an e-mail, “The presumption is that most non-resident foreign nationals have legal documentation—a visa or a work permit—and I believe that’s true for the vast majority of non-residents listed for a transplant. That said, we have no mechanism to track or enforce legal residency status.”
Undocumented immigrants have received transplants—the best known was 17-year-old Jesica Santillan from Mexico, who died in 2003 when her heart-lung transplant at Duke University Medical Center failed because doctors gave her organs from someone with a different blood type. It’s assumed that transplants to illegal immigrants are rare, but UNOS does take note of hospitals that perform transplants to non-residents. “If a transplant program happens to transplant more than 5 percent of its recipients in a year who are non-residents, they will get a review letter from UNOS asking them to provide more information about the circumstances. If a transplant program appears to have a pattern of listing and transplanting an undue number of non-residents, we could issue a membership sanction, but the two most serious and public sanctions we can give have never been applied for this issue.” Newman also states there is no hierarchy on the transplant list when it comes to legal status.
Julia is trying to get her name on the list. She and her husband—a legal resident in the U.S.—are working with a social services lawyer at Bellevue to get the necessary paperwork processed. But it has already been nine months since they began the effort.
”Look, what isn’t rare is that, as an immigrant, all your organs can be harvested. But you can’t receive any? We don’t have the statistics, but a lot of our patients end up being donors,” he says. “I think there’s controversy: Why should undocumented patients give an organ, when they can’t they get an organ?”
Her doctors are not certain that she’ll live out another year without a transplant.
Danielle Ofri’s weekly schedule frightens some of the physicians in her department.
She rarely has a moment to spare, between delivering lectures on the changing demographics of patients and seeing the patients in her clinic, raising three young children, touring recently for a book (Medicine in Translation: Journeys With My Patients), and serving as the editor and co-founder of the Bellevue Literary Review. It’s probably fortunate that only a couple blocks from the hospital is her home, where she relaxes each night with cello practice.
Born a New Yorker, Ofri graduated from NYU, completing a seven-year PhD and MD program while still finding time to travel. In her book, she writes about the challenge of serving patients from around the world who speak many different languages. Bellevue is known for its ability to handle New York’s immigrant population and has an interpretation services department that takes up half of the hospital’s fifth floor. The in-house staff can handle eight different languages, and telephone interpreters allow them to handle 73, at last count.
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A scorpion had to go to the the other side of a pond and noticed a Turtle, swiming merrily in the water. The scorpion said to the frog, “Please carry me across the pond.”
The Turtle, said, “You crazy? What’s to stop you from stinging me when we’re in the middle of the pond? I would drown and die.”
The Turtle, listened and as this made perfect sense said, “Jump on my back I’ll carry you across the pond .”
So the scorpion walked onto the Turtle,’s back and the frog started swimming across the pond. The the scorpion was sitting on top and enjoyed the sunshine. But when they got to the middle of the pond, the scorpion suddenly stung the Turtle.
As the dieing frog was sinking, he said with his last breath, “You have doomed both os us. I’m dying but you’ll join me soon. You’re drowning. Why did you do that?”
The scorpion replied nonchalantly, “I’m a scorpion. It’s my essence to sting. I cannot help myself.”
The above story comes from the great Iranian mystic and poet, Mullana Jallal-E-Din Balkhi known as Rumi.
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Early Medieval - National Museum Cardiff
[image: Shaft of Eiudon Cross, Llanfynydd, Carmarthenshire (900s)]
AD 410 – AD 1070s
What happened when Roman Imperial rule came to an end?
In Wales, small British kingdoms emerged to fill the power vacuum. Each competed to control people, land and resources.
People experienced great changes in society, politics and religion in the Early Medieval period. Regional loyalties and power dominated all aspects of their lives. These changes shaped a Welsh cultural identity differently from that of the rest of the British Isles.
[image: Smalls Sword Guard]
The Smalls Sword Guard is the lower guard from a prized sword, and is one of the finest examples of the late Viking ‘Urnes-style’ metalwork from England and Wales.
Although made around AD 1100-25, after the first Norman incursions, it represented the last of the Viking-age art styles.
Each side is decorated with a pair of animals in profile, interwoven with snake-like beasts. Two further animals on the top bit the grip (handle).
Vikings began raiding Wales from the 850s, and soon dominated the seaways. Until the 700s, some Welsh kingdoms traded through links to France, the Mediterranean and North Africa, as well as Ireland.
[image: Facial reconstructions of Viking-age people, excavated at Llanbedrgoch, Anglesey]
Christianity had freedom to expand in Roman Britain after its adoption from AD 313 as an official state cult. Pagan beliefs continued for some time, not least among the powerful and rich. By 600, Christianity was central to the lives of most people in Wales.
Inscriptions and sculpture are of enormous importance for understanding early medieval society in Wales. Little else survives. The stones can tell us about individuals, their beliefs and burial practices, languages, art and technology – and exchanges between cultures.
They are by no means silent witnesses. Try reading the evidence.
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Date of Broadcast: 24 June 2012
Land conflict in Pailin (Feature)
400 hectares of protected forest land in Pailin province are in the middle of a dispute involving local authorities, residents and a well-known citizen from the Province. We will show how the issue started and how the authorities are planning to transfer the villagers from their present homes and keep that area for the protected forest.
Increase in the number of Traffic Accidents (Main Story)
Traffic accidents are a major concern among Cambodians. The road accident rate has been rising year after year and it is now at a point where more people are killed on the roads in Cambodia than in bigger countries with a much larger population and many more vehicles on the road. In her two-part report Equity Weekly's Khek Khemrath took to Phnom Penh's congested roads to find out the causes of this alarming trend.
It seems that more and more young people around Cambodia are committing suicide and the preferred method is jumping off bridges. Heartbreak seems to be one of the most common reasons behind this trend. What can be done to prevent this?
Politics and society
This week, countries around the world marked the World Day Against Child Labour. We spoke to the International Labour Organization committed to putting an end to this practice.
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January 11, 2012 | 10
Classical conditioning is one of those introductory psychology terms that gets thrown around. Many people have a general idea that it is one of the most basic forms of associative learning, and people often know that Ivan Pavlov’s 1927 experiment with dogs has something to do with it, but that is often where it ends.
Classical Conditioning, Explained
The most important thing to remember is that classical conditioning involves automatic or reflexive responses, and not voluntary behavior (that’s operant conditioning, and that is a different post). What does this mean? For one thing, that means that the only responses that can be elicited out of a classical conditioning paradigm are ones that rely on responses that are naturally made by the animal (or human) that is being trained. Also, it means that the response you hope to elicit must occur below the level of conscious awareness – for example, salivation, nausea, increased or decreased heartrate, pupil dilation or constriction, or even a reflexive motor response (such as recoiling from a painful stimulus). In other words, these sorts of responses are involuntary.
The basic classical conditioning procedure goes like this: a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditional stimulus (UCS). The neutral stimulus can be anything, as long as it does not provoke any sort of response in the organism. On the other hand, the unconditional stimulus is something that reliably results in a natural response. For example, if you shine a light into a human eye, the pupil will automatically constrict (you can actually see this happen if you watch your eyes in a mirror as you turn on and off a light). Pavlov called this the “unconditional response.” (UCR)
As soon as the neutral stimulus is presented with the UCS, it becomes a conditional stimulus (CS). If the CS and UCS always occur together, then the two stimuli would become associated over time. The response that was initially produced in response to the UCS would also be produced in response to the CS, even if it was presented alone. Pavlov called this the “conditional response.” (CR)
To make this a bit more concrete, we’ll use Pavlov’s dogs as an example. Before learning took place, the dogs would reliably salivate (UCR) when given meat powder (UCS), but they gave no response to the ringing of a bell (neutral). Then Pavlov would always ring a bell just before he would present the dogs with some meat powder. Pretty soon, the dogs began to associate the sound of the bell with the impending presence of meat powder. As a result, they would begin to salivate (CR) as soon as they heard the bell (CS), even if it was not immediately followed by the meat powder (UCS). In other words, they learned that the bell was a reliable predictor of meat powder. In this way, Pavlov was able to elicit an involuntary, automatic, reflexive response to a previously neutral stimulus.
Note that most English-language textbooks use the terms “unconditioned stimulus,” “unconditioned response,” and so on. This is due to a translation error from Pavlov’s Russian to English. The better translation would be “conditional.”
Want an infographic? Of course you do:
Real-world Examples of Classical Conditioning
Classical conditioning can help us understand how some forms of addiction, or drug dependence, work. For example, the repeated use of a drug could cause the body to compensate for it, in an effort to counterbalance the effects of the drug. This causes the user to require more of the substance in order to get the equivalent effect (this is called tolerance). However, the development of tolerance also takes into account other environmental variables (the conditional variables) – this is called the situational specificity of tolerance. For example, alcohol tends to taste a certain way, and when alcohol is consumed in the usual way, the body responds in an effort to counteract the effect. But, if the alcohol is delivered in a novel way (such as in Four Loko), the individual could overdose. This effect has also been observed among those who have become tolerant to otherwise lethal amounts of opiates: they may experience an overdose if they take their typical dose in an atypical setting. These results have been found in species ranging from rats and mice to humans.
In these examples, it’s the environmental context (conditional stimuli) that prompts the body to prepare for the drug (the conditional response). But if the conditional stimuli are absent, the body is not able to adequately prepare itself for the drug, and bad things could happen.
Another example of classical conditioning is known as the appetizer effect. If there are otherwise neutral stimuli that consistently predict a meal, they could cause people to become hungry, because those stimuli induce involuntary changes in the body, as a preparation for digestion. There’s a reason it’s called the “dinner bell,” after all.
Classical conditioning is also being used in wildlife conservation efforts! At Extinction Countdown, John Platt pointed out last month that taste aversion, which is a form of classical conditioning, is being used to keep lions from preying on cattle. This should, in turn, prevent farmers from killing the lions.
Given and his team of researchers gave eight of the cats meals of beef treated with the deworming agent thiabendazole in doses large enough to make them temporarily sick to their stomachs. “It basically causes a bad case of indigestion,” WildiZe founder Eli Weiss told The Aspen Times.
After a few meals of treated beef, the lions were once again offered untreated meat. Seven of the eight refused to eat it, while an eighth actually refused to eat at all for a short period.
In this example, the meat is actually the neutral stimulus, when paired with the deworming agent (UCS). The unconditional response is the feeling of being sick. Thus, the feeling of being sick (CR) was associated with the beef (CS), resulting in aversion to beef.
Finally, following a conversation on twitter recently, cartoonist Joseph Hewitt pointed out another example of classical conditioning:
Can you think of other real-world examples of classical conditioning? Leave them in the comments!
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While some digital photographers will use noise for creative effects, most prefer to keep it to an absolute minimum. Noise in digital files can be produced by higher ISO settings, long exposure times, and under-exposure, or any combination of these. Avoid them when you can. It’s best to reduce noise at the point of capture, rather than using software in the computer after capture. But, when an image contains noise, you can reduce it in your computer, sometimes dramatically.
A little testing makes reducing noise after capture easier, something you can automate in many cases.
Do you really know what to expect from your camera in different situations? If you run some tests to see how much digital noise your camera generates at different settings, you’ll be much better equipped to make decisions when you’re photographing actual subjects. Keep in mind that different digital camera models, even from the same brand, will often generate different levels of noise. So if you own different camera models, it’s advisable to test each one, and be familiar with their differences.
In your test subject, include a smooth field of color where noise will readily be displayed (texture may camouflage noise). Include a contour along an area of contrasting color. A horizon against a blue sky may do. Two sheets of colored paper certainly will. As noise produced by sensors is typically red, green or blue, non-primary colors such as yellow, orange or purple may display noise more readily, but a neutral value, such as a gray card, is a sure bet.
Test all three factors that influence noise
1) ISO Settings
The first and perhaps most obvious variable to be in control of is your digital camera’s ISO settings. Shoot the same subject at different ISOs, from the lowest to the highest. You can generally use full-step ISO increments, such as 100-200-400, this will be sufficient to give you a sense of how ISO affects noise in your files.
2) Slow Shutter Speeds (long exposure times):
Test what happens during long exposures. Photograph the same subject, making exposures with a wide variety of slow shutter speeds. You’ll probably need to do this in low light or at night to effectively extend exposure times. Start with exposures about 1 full second, and double each exposure from there. Be sure to adjust your lens aperture as you lengthen shutter speeds, to keep final exposures constant.
After the 30-second limit of most digital cameras, use an electronic remote switch and the Bulb setting, and keep doubling exposure times (1 minute, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, etc). Some digital cameras begin to pick up noise when exposures exceed a few seconds while others won’t display significant noise until exposure time extends beyond several minutes. Many digital cameras generate noise dramatically after a specific threshold has been met. Find the duration required to meet this threshold on the camera you are using. Avoid making exposures longer than this whenever possible.
Test how much noise is generated if you under-expose an image. Smooth mid-tone areas and deep shadows are especially susceptible to noise build-up, especially if you under-expose. This is because they are produced with fewer photons from each pixel, and recorded with fewer bits of data. Find a subject with smooth, non-textured middle tones and some shadow areas, and shoot it at normal exposure levels and then deliberately under-expose the scene to determine the point at which significant noise becomes present in shadows. Make a note of how the tones appear in your images’ histograms, and whenever possible weight histograms above this level, but do not create a bigger problem by intentionally over-exposing and clipping highlights in an effort to avoid shadow noise. To be thorough, test this for all full-step ISO settings (ISO 100-200-400, etc), which also impacts noise.
Viewing the Results:
Don’t judge results by simply viewing the image on your camera’s LCD monitor; you’ll need to actually view the file on your computer to begin to appreciate the results. For RAW files, be sure to actually process the RAW image and view it in an image-editing program such as Adobe Photoshop™ or similar — don’t rely on an enlarged preview in the software you use to actually process your RAW files. The preview is based on a low-resolution, embedded JPEG image that’s actually part of the RAW camera file, and isn’t a reliable indicator of noise effects.
There are two kinds of noise to be mindful of: Luminance (light/dark) and Chrominance (colored)
Luminance noise is the gray-to-black noise you see in a magnified view of an image with visible digital noise. Its “salt and pepper” look actually contributes to the detail in the subject. Therefore, tread lightly — be cautious when correcting luminance noise. All routines for reducing luminance noise compromise sharpness, some less than others. A little luminance noise reduction can be accomplished with most RAW converters. A lot of luminance noise reduction is best accomplished with third-party software programs dedicated to this function, such as Noiseware™, Noise Ninja™, and others.
Chrominance noise, which can occur simultaneously with luminance noise, is the pastel-colored specks of noise you may see in a magnified view of a subject. It’s often most visible in smooth, mid-tone areas (such as smooth sections of skin in a portrait). Reducing chrominance noise can be accomplished without compromising image sharpness. Chrominance noise is easily corrected with most RAW converters. It can be tempting to over correct for noise, so be conservative. In particular look for a reduction of saturation — too much chrominance noise reduction can begin to produce color shifts and changes in color saturation levels. Areas that are most susceptible are found along contours with a relatively high degree of contrast, particularly in hue. If chrominance noise is over-corrected, clearly seen bands of reduced saturation may be produced along contours.
Recent Canon EOS cameras, such as the EOS Rebel XSi, EOS 40D, and Mark III series models have a built-in setting to reduce chrominance noise, called High ISO Noise Reduction. It’s especially effective for users who shoot JPEG images. Other brands of digital SLRs sometimes have similar features built-in.
Reducing digital noise in the computer with RAW conversion software:
If you shoot RAW images, a number of options are available after the shot is taken to further reduce digital noise levels. Most RAW file converters, such as Adobe’s Camera Raw™ software (part of Adobe Photoshop CS3 and Photoshop Elements v. 6), as well as Canon’s Digital Photo Professional software, have tools to reduce the effect of noise in your files.
Open the files and viewing them at 100% magnification, determine noise reduction settings in the RAW converter of your choice.
These settings can easily be saved for future use, with what Adobe calls “Presets”. In Adobe’s Camera Raw™ (ACR), look for the tiny folded page icon under “Presets”, click on it, and in the New Preset dialog box that appears, check any adjustments you’ve made, including Luminance Noise Reduction and/or Color Noise Reduction.
In Adobe’s Lightroom™ software, click the + sign in the Presets palette (left side of the screen), and check Noise Reduction > Luminance and/or Color. With either Adobe software package, give the new Preset an appropriate name, save the Preset file, and now you can apply those same changes to future images.
Canon’s Digital Photo Professional (versions 3.2 or higher) offers similar capabilities.
Any adjustments you save are called “recipes”, and you can apply them to any subsequent Canon RAW files you process in DPP. After you make your adjustments and any noise reductions, choose Edit > Save recipe in File…. Give the adjustments a meaningful name, and pick a destination to store the “recipe” in (a folder on your desktop should be fine). Then, you can apply it to future images using the Edit > Read and Paste Recipe from File… command. (You can save as many different recipes as you like, to cope with various types of RAW processing needs.)
Photographers who prefer Adobe’s RAW conversion software will find these settings can be easily applied to other images made with the same camera and lens combination. In Adobe’s Camera RAW or Lightroom, any memorized Presets will be listed on-screen; simply select the appropriate one for the image(s) you’re working on. As just mentioned, Canon’s high-end Digital Photo Professional software lets you easily apply saved settings to new images as well.
A little testing initially will save a lot of time later; your testing might even save someone else time!
John Paul Caponigro is an internationally respected fine artist, a member of the Photoshop Hall of Fame, author of Adobe Photoshop Masterclass, the DVD series R/Evolution, and a renowned Canon Explorer of Light. Learn more about him and his work at The Canon Digital Learning Center, or at www.johnpaulcaponigro.com
The CDLC contributors are compensated spokespersons and actual users of the Canon products that they promote.
All images are copyright JP caponigro, Erika Silverstein
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December 13, 2006
World AIDS Day was earlier this month on December 1st. Martha Jefferson Hospital used this as an opportunity to inform the community more about the disease. Dr. Bruce Clemons discussed their next step, which is screening for the HIV virus as a form of prevention. This year there are some different recommendations as to who should be tested.
In past years, screenings focused on people who were at high risk, such as those involved in IV drug use. Now, hospitals want to screen all people between the age of 14 and 64, regardless of lifestyle.
One of the main purposes of these screenings is to identify those that have HIV and are unaware of it, and get them help before their disease gets too severe. Tests range from saliva tests, finger stick blood tests, and of course full blood tests.
To hear more about this new view on screenings, click the video link above.
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Old Cotter Dam wall to be gone within days
The original Cotter Dam wall, to the right, will soon be submerged as work continues on the new wall, to the left. File photo: Rohan Thomson
Canberra's 101-year-old original Cotter Dam will disappear beneath the water forever this week following the closure of the 3.4 metre high river diversion construction gate that has channelled the Cotter River around the new dam site until now.
"Closing the gate allows the mighty [new] dam wall to start doing its job, storing raw water to protect the Canberra community from the threat of severe and prolonged water restrictions such as those that have affected our city for much of the last decade," an ACTEW Water spokesman said.
ACTEW Water general manager Mark Sullivan said the old dam, built in 1912 and enlarged in 1950, could be gone in the next few days and certainly before the end of the week.
It will be the second time the 30 metre dam has been submerged in just over a year following freak weather on March 1, 2012.
This time the inundation is deliberate and permanent.
Given the enlarged dam is Canberra's water storage of last resort, the city will be in dire straits if the water level ever drops low enough to expose the old structure, located about 100 metres upstream from the new dam, in future.
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From corporate companies to small town elementary schools, diversity is considered a crucial aspect to any organization. Diversity promotes cultural acceptance and better prepares us to work beyond our own borders. Not to mention, learning about others lifestyles is enjoyable. As a former International Baccalaureate (IB) student, I’ve grown to love cultures that are completely different than my own. However, lately America’s acceptance of diversity has been transformed. Some have even gone as far as calling it a form of discrimination.
Let’s examine the case of a high school graduate who was turned down by the University of Texas at Austin. Abigail Fisher, the graduate, claims that “she was denied because of her race” (New States Man). She believes that other students were granted acceptance because they’re minorities and the school wanted to increase diversity. According to Richard Kahlenberg ”universities [in states in which race-conscious admissions are prohibited] have implemented creative methods of assuring diversity.” In some cases this assurance of diversity seems like thinly veiled discrimination.
However, I don’t think we can label Fisher’s rejection as discrimination just yet. First, we have to take into account other factors that influenced the university’s decision. Grades are the most important factor and Abigail was not in the top ten percent of her class. Also extracurricular activities, community service need to be acknowledged. Although Fisher did participate in math competitions and volunteered at Habitat for Humanity,there is a possibility that Abigail Fisher just wasn’t a right fit for the university.
Hypothetically, let’s say that Fisher was rejected based on race. Is it appropriate to pick students based on race to give minority students a better chance? On one hand, picking students by the color of their skin instead of the content of their character is wrong. However, minorities, particularly African Americans, have been oppressed for far too long and deserve more of a chance at an education than they have been granted in the past. Simply, we need a way to encourage diversity, while eschewing discrimination.
Personally, I believe we can achieve both these goals. First, we need to realize that this problem is based primarily on economic status. Financially stressed families, whether they are minorities or not, need to be aware of the financial aid available to them. If students can expect aid from the government, then they are more likely to do well in school and consider college. In spite of my belief that universities should look beyond race when accepting students, I think scholarships for minorities should remain. This is because white students received about 76% of merit based scholarships in 2011.(Kantrowitz 2011) By providing more private scholarships for minorities we will be able to encourage diversity in colleges. Additionally, schools can promote diversity by establishing more study abroad exchange trips and requiring students to take a foreign language. We can have the benefits of diversity and eliminate discrimination from our system.
COMMENT BELOW PLEASE
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Over the decades, advances in computer power would allow an image to take less time to render. However, the increased computation is instead used to meet demands to achieve state-of-the-art image quality. While simple images can be produced rapidly, more realistic, more complicated, and higher-resolution images can now be produced in more reasonable amounts of time. The time spent producing images can be limited by production timelines and deadlines, and the desire to create high-quality work drives the need for increased computing power, rather than simply wanting the same images created faster.
To manage large farms, one must introduce a queue manager that automatically distributes processes to the many processors. Each "process" could be the rendering of one full image, a few images, or even a sub-section (or tile) of an image. The software is typically a client-server package that facilitates communication between the processors and the queue manager, although some queues have no central manager. Some common features of queue managers are: re-prioritization of the queue, management of software licenses, and algorithms to best optimize throughput based on various types of hardware in the farm.
A tongue-in-cheek job title for systems engineers who work primarily in the maintenance and monitoring of a render farm is a render wrangler to further the "farm" theme. This job title can be seen in film credits.
Recent research has explored the feasibility of reprogramming modern video cards to do rendering in the card's hardware.
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Oil seals are fitted to the valve stems or the guides on both intake and exhaust valves. They prevent too much oil passing down into the combustion chamber.
The coil spring on the outside holds the sealing edge against the valve stem. The angle at the top of the seal forms a small reservoir of oil to lubricate the stem and guide. If there is too much oil there, carbon deposits form in the port and on the valve head.
Umbrella seals shed the oil and keep it away from the end of the valve guide. Worn seals or guides or too much valve-guide clearance will let oil pass the intake valve.
The inlet valve is more likely to pass oil through its guide than the exhaust valve. This is because of the low pressure in the inlet port that draws in the oil.
The exhaust valve can still have problems because of exhaust pulsing. This creates a low pressure area behind the gases, which can cause oil to pass down the valve guide.
Some engines however don’t use oil seals on their exhaust valves.
Valves are normally held on their seats by 1 or 2 coil springs that are compressed between the cylinder head and a retainer on the valve stem.
The spring retainer is held on the end of the valve stem by conical shaped collets. Collets are also known as cotters, keepers or keys. The springs usually have their coils closer at the bottom than the top. This makes different parts of the spring vibrate at different frequencies, and prevents wasteful valve spring vibration. They can also be made of wire with an especially shaped strong section that limits valve bounce.
Unless the valve is held on its seat, it also allows leakage from the combustion chamber. Carbon builds up on the valve stem.
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Defined as "a Beowulf clusterof Raspberry Pi devices"
It's not useful except as an academic exercise, as, despite the fact that the RPi has excellent GPU capabilities, it's CPU is mediocre and it has very limited IO capabilities (which are critical to any cluster). This is because ethernet and USB share same bandwidth and so sustaining high bitrate transfers between pis is likely to be very difficult.
You can make a processing cluster with anything that has a CPU and a network interface, and it will be effective for a range of applications that lend easily to loosely-coupled parallel tasks. For learning about parallel computing and the problems involved, R-Pi could be suitable, and you have always got 64 R-Pis which can be re-used afterwards. Thus, in a school or university environment, it might be doable.
For practical applications, the R-pi is a cheap, but not the best MIPS/$. Putting together 64 R-Pis might cost around £2,500, so you might think twice about spending that much.
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St. Pete Pier design proposal: "The Lens" by Michael Maltzan Architecture (image courtesy City of St. Petersburg)
St. Petersburg, Florida -- After years of debates and proposals, St. Pete is set to approve the contract build a new pier based on the "Lens" design. But some in the public will push against it.
Expect members of the St. Petersburg City Council to confirm they can cap the cost of the new pier project at the budgeted $50 million before they sign off on a contract to build it.
The council has been nearly unanimous in its support of moving forward with demolishing the city's decades-old inverted pyramid pier, then designing and building a new pier based on the contest-winning "Lens" concept.
Photos: St. Pete pier finalists' design proposals
But many members of the public continue to want something else: keeping the existing design or removing the pier and leaving nothing in its place.
Several people are expected to weigh in at Thursday's 3 p.m. City Council meeting at City Hall.
The proposed cost to build the new pier isn't set in the contract that council members will consider Thursday. The new project and its price tag will be scaled up or down depending on what's left in the budget after the existing pier is removed.
Designers and city planners say the new pier is still much more of a concept than a blueprint, and the final details will be shaped by several sessions of public input over the next several months.
The undersea garden that was a highlight of the initial plan is not included in this contract. Some marine scientists have come forward and said the idea wouldn't work. It could be added back in later at an added cost.
The contract does include fees to designer Michael Maltzan Architecture of $4.7 m, spread across five phases of work. There will also be an independent construction manager who will watch the work and keep it within its $50 m budget.
There is evidence the many people in the city are not convinced the sweeping walkways of the Lens design are the best plan for the pier. At the start of May, a poll by stpetepolls.org of 2,670 registered voters in the city asked:
Do you support the new Maltzan Lens Pier design, do you support remodeling the existing inverted pyramid pier or do you think the city does not need a pier at all?
Build Lens Design: 29.6%
Remodel Inverted Pyramid: 58.6%
No Pier: 11.8%
Keeping the existing design would be extraordinarily expensive, according to city staff. The building is in a decaying state structurally. Just replacing the wide pier that leads out to the building would take the whole $50 m budget.
And the current pier loses money -- costing taxpayers hundreds of thousands of dollars a year.
There's also an ongoing petition drive to put the question of what to do with the pier as a referendum on a ballot for city voters to weigh in. That drive is organized by voteonthepier.com.
The city's timetable for the pier project calls for closing the existing pier a year from now, and starting construction on the Lens in 2014.
Grayson Kamm, 10 News
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Over the last few years, long-needed evaluation of our military for Migraine and other headache disorders exacerbated or caused by event and / or circumstances of being deployed have been conducted and the results published.
Additionally, more attention has been paid to head and neck trauma and traumatic brain injury (TBI).
A new study shows nearly half of U.S. soldiers returning home from combat with headaches problematic enough to require specialized care also have a history of mild head trauma.
"To determine the incidence and types of head or neck trauma and headache characteristics among US Army soldiers evaluated for chronic headaches at a military neurology clinic following a combat tour in Iraq."2
- Conducted with 81 (73 male and 8 female) U. S. Army soldiers who had served in the same brigade.
- All were evaluated at the same military neurology clinic for the complaint of recurrent headaches following a combat tour in Iraq of one-year.
Soldiers were eligible to participate in the study if
- they experienced headaches during deployment and
- continued to experience headaches for 3 or more months after returning from Iraq.
- All were evaluated using a standardized interview and evaluation to determine if the had experienced head or neck trauma during their deployment, the type of trauma, and the type and characteristics of their headaches.
- 33 of 81 (41%) of the soldiers in the study reported head or neck trauma while deployed to Iraq.
- 18 (22%) of the study participants had concussion without loss of consciousness; 15 (19%) had concussion with loss of consciousness.
- 10 study participants also had an accompanying traumatic neck injury.
- None of the study participants had moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
- 67% of the head and neck injuries were attributable to exposure to blasts; 15% attributed to blunt trauma; 18% attributed to other explosive causes.
- In 12 of 33 (36%) of the participants with head or neck injury, headaches began within one week of the reported trauma.
- 12 (36%) of study participants reported worsening of pre-existing headaches following trauma.
- In 78% of the participants with neck or head trauma, headaches were classified as "Migraine-type."
- The types of headache, severity, duration, and the disability caused by the headaches were similar in participants with and without reported head or neck trauma.
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By Tony Perry, Los Angeles Times
5:24 PM PDT, August 30, 2010
Reporting from Landstuhl, Germany
Before Marine Cpl. Corey Griggs went on his last patrol in
Afghanistan's restive Helmand province, he had a premonition of sorts.
"I was joking with my buddies that it was going to be a bad night," said Griggs, 23, of Portland, Ore.
He was right.
As darkness settled on a recent Saturday over the desert village of Sangin, someone threw a bomb over a mud wall at Griggs and his squad. The blast shattered his right forearm and embedded jagged shrapnel in his left.
After emergency surgery at a military outpost, Griggs, who is also being monitored for possible brain injuries, was placed aboard a specially outfitted cargo plane airlifting him to the Landstuhl Regional Medical Center next to the U.S. air base at Ramstein, Germany.
Since 2004, nearly 13,000 U.S. service personnel wounded in Afghanistan and Iraq have been evacuated to Landstuhl, the largest American-run medical facility outside the U.S.
Some of the wounded are patched up and sent back to frontline duty. Many others are taken to the U.S. for advanced treatment at military hospitals in Washington, D.C.; Bethesda, Md.; San Antonio; or San Diego.
As the U.S. troop buildup in Afghanistan continues, Landstuhl is experiencing an increase in wounded patients to levels unseen since the 2004 battles in the Iraqi city of Fallouja.
The complexity and severity of wounds are also increasing, said Army Col. John M. Cho, a chest surgeon who is the hospital's commander. On a medical rating scale, the number of patients above a level considered extremely critical has increased 190% in the last two months, he said.
On the day Griggs arrived, the hospital was caring for patients wounded by gunfire, roadside bombs and rocket-propelled grenades, including a Marine with shrapnel in his back and bowels, and other troops with concussions, back injuries and a crushed hand.
On some occasions, a wounded soldier or Marine on life support will be brought to Landstuhl. Life is sustained long enough for family members to arrive from the U.S.
Navy Cmdr. Joseph Sheldon, one of nine chaplains at the hospital, meets them and guides them through the emotional process of saying farewell. It is not uncommon, he said, for them to ask the unanswerable question: How could a merciful God have let this happen?
"I tell them truthfully that I don't know the answer," said Sheldon, who deployed with the Marines during the assault on Baghdad in 2003. "I just know that I continue to believe God is good because I see so much of his goodness."
With 3,000-plus employees and an annual budget of $180 million, Landstuhl provides care primarily for 245,000 U.S. military personnel and family members based in Europe and Africa.
More than 64,000 military personnel have been brought to Landstuhl from Iraq and Afghanistan since 2004, most for noncombat injuries or illnesses.
Griggs, assigned to the Twentynine Palms-based 3rd Battalion, 7th Marine Regiment, will leave soon to be reunited with his pregnant wife and their 2-year-old son. The Iraq veteran hopes to become a welder when his service ends soon.
Initial screening did not show any sign of traumatic brain injury, the so-called signature wound of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. But medical specialists have found that such signs often show up months after an incident. For that reason, Griggs' medical chart will call for periodic follow-up exams once he returns home.
For many here, the first thought is to return to duty.
Lance Cpl. Demon Bowles, 23, of Leavenworth, Kan., was brought to Landstuhl after he blacked out and banged his head while deployed in the sweltering Helmand heat.
A battery of tests has not uncovered a cause. Follow-up exams will be done by Navy doctors after he returns to base at Delaram in the southern Afghan province of Nimruz.
"I just want to get back to my unit," Bowles said.
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30 pythons killed so far in Florida's python hunt
Published: Friday, January 25, 2013 at 10:13 a.m.
Last Modified: Friday, January 25, 2013 at 10:13 a.m.
MIAMI — More than 1,000 people signed up to hunt Burmese pythons in the Florida Everglades, but just a fraction of them have been successful so far.
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission said Friday that 30 of the invasive snakes have been killed in the competition that began Jan. 12.
Wildlife officials say eradicating pythons from the Everglades was never the goal of the monthlong "Python Challenge." Instead, they hoped to raise awareness about the snake's threat to native wildlife and the fragile Everglades ecosystem. The snake faces both state and federal bans.
No one knows for sure how many pythons live in the Everglades. Researchers say the hunt is helping them collect more information about the pythons' habits.
The competition ends Feb. 10.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
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Infectious Diseases and Biodefense Research at UVA provide rich interdisciplinary experiences in infectious diseases research. Research themes encompass the molecular biology, immunology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of infectious diseases as well as vaccine development, therapeutics and diagnostic technologies for agents of potential bioterrorism.
The centerpiece of the Infectious Diseases (ID) Training Program is the side-by-side education of predoctoral students, M.D.s, and Ph.D. postdoctoral fellows. Training is enriched by graduate coursework in infectious diseases, research-in-progress sessions, seminar series, and journal clubs that integrate both clinical and basic research aspects of infectious diseases. It is supported in part by an NIH training grant currently in its 4th decade of consecutive NIH funding.
The Biodefense Research Training and Career Development (BioD) Program was originally developed in response to the NIAID Blue Ribbon Panel on Bioterrorism. The BioD Program goal is to prepare pre- and postdoctoral students for careers in biodefense. Research projects are consistent with the NIH/NIAID Biodefense strategic plan (www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/biodefenserelated/biodefense), and include the biology of, and host response to, priority pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis, Burkholderia mallei, food and water-borne pathogens, and influenza viruses. Special activities of the BioD Program include graduate courses in biodefense pathogens and policy, microbial pathogenesis, and advanced immunology, research-in-progress and seminar series, and a journal club. State-of-the-art BSL3 and ABSL3 facilities are available to carry out biosafety level three work.
Trainees in ID and BioD have opportunities to conduct research with over 30 different mentors from seven different departments.
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Scientists have known for more than 10 years that a certain extract from leaves of the ancient eastern tree, Ginkgo biloba, can somewhat ease symptoms of memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease patients.
Now, researchers at the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy are learning how the popular extract actually works in Alzheimer’s patients.
Understanding the biochemical workings of the ginkgo extract could help doctors expand treatment options for other medical conditions. A synergy, or the combination of separate actions by the Ginkgo extract, common in herbal remedies, may be the key to its effectiveness, says Yuan Luo, PhD, associate professor at the School of Pharmacy.
In ongoing studies, a research team led by Luo found that giving mice with the human Alzheimer’s gene the ginkgo extract called Egb 761 improved the process of making new nerve cells in part of the brain much affected by the disease.
The team found evidence that the protective effect of the extract also could be due to decreasing senile plaques or the clumping of beta-amyloid in the brain tissues. Amyloid is part of a protein and a central factor in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
Currently Alzheimer’s disease is causing progressive dementia and sometimes death in about four million Americans, mostly people older than 70. In the U.S., the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease has steadily increased as the average life span has lengthened.
Currently, there are no drugs with disease-modifying or preventive properties. However, the School of Pharmacy study and others are now suggesting that many of the symptoms can be avoided or significantly reduced.
The disease starts with loss of nerve connections and broken circuitry of nerve signals in synapses. Modern neuropathology studies beginning in the 1960’s revealed that adults create new nerve cells continually in learning regions of the brain.
One of the regions of neurogenesis is in the hippocampus, important to memory and cognition. Luo’s study demonstrated the dual effect of Ginkgo extract in the hippocampus—enhanced making of nerve cells and decreased clumping in brain tissue.
“By finding out how it works, it might help drug discovery researchers and doctors learn how other herbal and conventional drugs work on in multiple ways,” said Luo. When herbal medicines are effective, she said, it’s often because of a synergy of different biological effects.
“Alzheimer’s disease is caused by multiple factors, not just one thing that has gone wrong.”
Therefore, drugs that target multiple sites would be most efficacious, she added.
Results from the School of Pharmacy experiments, slated to continue for at least another year, provide a rationale for future medicinal chemistry and for identifying other potentially efficacious compounds with desirable activity as potential therapeutic agents to prevent and/or treat Alzheimer’s disease, according to Luo.
Meanwhile, to confirm or refute the theory that medicine made from Ginkgo biloba can prevent or delay changes in memory, thinking, and personality as people get older, researchers are currently analyzing data from a five-year clinical trial, The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. About 3,000 people at four clinics, including one in Hagerstown, Md., participated.
Luo’s research team is focused on aging, age-related neurodegenerative diseases, and neuroprotective mechanisms. While disease prevention theories associated with herbal medicine have the potential to both increase quality of life and reduce health care costs, ways that extracts of herbs work in the body are still poorly understood, she says.
Source: University of Maryland Baltimore
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Scan of St. Helens seeks slide risks
Flying survey measures wetness of slopes
Sunday, September 4, 2011
A helicopter, trailing an instrument that a scientist said resembles “a big orange Hula Hoop,” is opening a new research chapter on Mount St. Helens.
The U.S. Geological Survey is using a low-flying helicopter to collect water-saturation data that will help identify potential hazards.
Carol Finn, a USGS geophysicist based in Denver, said the project will help scientists better understand landslide potential on the volcano.
Did you know?
Helicopter pilots specially trained for low-level flying can use “see and avoid” techniques to minimize their interference with people and animals encountered during the survey.
The actual testing began Friday following Thursday’s calibration flights.
The USGS issued a news release a few days ago so climbers and hikers would not be alarmed by the low-flying helicopter trailing equipment on a 100-foot-long cable, making repeated passes over the crater and the volcano’s flanks.
Finn said the survey measures the rocks’ resistance to electricity, because “electricity goes through water easier,” telling scientists the amount of water in the volcano.
The measurements are made with a time-domain electromagnetic and magnetic survey instrument.
“It’s like a big orange Hula Hoop,” Finn said.
It does its job about 100 feet over the ground — midway between the terrain and the helicopter, which flies at about 200 feet.
“The current goes through the hoop, creating a magnetic field,” she said. “The magnetic field creates a secondary electrical field that goes into the earth and comes back and gets recovered in the hoop. The timing of the return tells you about the resistivity.”
The helicopter flies at a ground speed of 50 to 60 mph, back and forth across the entire volcano along equally spaced lines.
Finn said the Mount St. Helens survey was inspired by similar research on Mount Rainier, Mount Adams and Mount Baker.
“We’re finding new ways of looking at volcanoes,” Finn said.
On those peaks, the survey was looking for what she called “rotten rock.” Volcanic eruptions produce gases that can mix with water from glaciers.
“That makes sulfuric acid, which eats rocks, and makes things more unstable in case of a landslide,” she said.
“We also discovered water in the rocks,” she said. “It’s fairly wet. That was a surprise. We could see it even in places that were not rotten.”
That’s when, “We wondered about seeing (water) at Mount St. Helens,” she said.
Whether it’s rotten rock or saturated terrain, “It makes things more unstable in case of a landslide,” she said.
Slide opened eruption
Landslides have played a significant role in the history of Mount St. Helens.
On the morning of May 18, 1980, a 5.1-magnitude earthquake under the volcano triggered the biggest landslide in recorded history.
The slide uncorked a gas-charged reservoir of magma that flattened 230 square miles of forest, snapping old-growth firs like matchsticks; jetted a 15-mile-high plume of ash that eventually circled the globe; and buried the Toutle River valley beneath 150 to 200 feet of eviscerated mountaintop.
Tom Vogt: 360-735-4558 or firstname.lastname@example.org.
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We all know about the current historic low mortgage rates. Today’s report from Freddie Mac survey indicated a 3.55 percent average on a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. Sometimes it is worth reviewing past data, particularly for the younger generation, to check just how low the rates are today.
The average rate for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage hit another all-time low last week according to Freddie Mac. Last week’s average rate was 3.49 percent, breaking the 3.5 percent threshold and more than a full point below the 4.55 percent average from a year ago at this time. While the historic rate means great things for affordability, it also appears to be historically difficult to qualify for these record low rates.
The administration introduced HARP 2.0 in the fall, which among other things eliminated the loan-to-value limits on certain loans refinanced by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Those changes were put in place in March and appear to have made an impact, though that impact is muted. A robust HARP could reduce the cost of homeownership for roughly 3 to 4 million borrowers, thereby prevent some foreclosures in areas experiencing a fledgling recovery, boost confidence in the housing market and help to modestly stimulate the economy.
With a win by the socialist party in France’s presidential election, bond investors will be shifting money into U.S., U.K. and Germany. That means lower mortgage rates, at least temporarily, for U.S. consumers.
The 10-year borrowing rate for German bonds fell and now stands at 1.58%. By contrast, the French government has to pay a 2.78% interest rate. The comparable U.S. and U.K. borrowing rates are 1.86% and 2.00%, respectively.
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The Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility
to Schaumburg’s Future Sustainability
by Tom Okurut
Corporate social responsibility is about how companies manage their business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. Many corporations have gotten involved in CSR efforts such as environmental stewardship, donation to charities like the Global Aids Fund to help suffering communities, and other activities. These initiatives produce positive impacts on members of society who are disadvantaged. Such help fosters sustainability in the sense that people who benefit from these programs can become productive for themselves and for the communities in which they live.
Global warming is today’s watchword, as carbon dioxide levels rise and the protective upper ozone layer degrades from the greenhouse gasses being emitted everyday into the atmosphere. Because of land degradation, the environment has become a victim — and as a result of poor land ethics, the negative impacts have bounced back to us as we witness many floods and severe storms occur worldwide. Resource-intensive agricultural practices have also resulted in famine in many parts of the world because land is not properly used and conserved. CSR is only one of many public and private efforts that must be undertaken to address these immense challenges posed by climate change and other environmental problems. But it is one practical way that businesses can engage in more ethical and environmentally-sound practices as a way of helping meet some of these challenges.
Next page: Schaumburg as Business Hub
Banner photo credit: The Schaumburg IKEA, as viewed from Roosevelt University’s Campus (M. Bryson)
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The St. Johns County School Board is wisely injecting itself in the statewide discussion of whether evolution should be taught as the fundamental concept of biology in public schools. The board's goal is to persuade the State Board of Education to reject a portion of the proposed Sunshine State Standards for Science Education in which evolution is described as "the fundamental concept underlying all of biology supported in multiple forms of scientific evidence."
The state board meets on Feb. 19 in Tallahassee to act on the new standards.
The School Board wants flexibility in the instruction of students in evolution.
It adopted a resolution on Jan. 15 calling for the state board to direct the Florida Department of Education to revise the new standards to allow for "balanced, objective and intellectually open instruction in regard to evolution, teaching the scientific strengths and weaknesses of the theory rather than teaching evolution as dogmatic fact."
We agree with our board's stand. Our board has a clear understanding of what public education is all about.
School Board member Tommy Allen was on point when he said, that while he supported the teaching of evolution, he said he was apprehensive about the state declaring it "the only theory."
Public education, in addition to schooling students in reading and arithmetic, is about teachers helping students explore the world in which they live and how they will cope with it as adults.
The better equipped students are, the more productive they will be as adults.
The state board should ask the committee that developed the proposed Sunshine State Standards for Science to revise the standard on teaching evolution to allow for the flexibility our board suggests.
We believe that self-motivated students will probe information on evolution, pro and con, on their own. The World Wide Web is open 24/7. Why leave their education to chance or deprive them of the opportunity to discuss evolution in the classrooms, pros and cons? Students don't learn in a vacuum.
School Board members are elected to make the tough calls. This call for flexibility in the teaching of evolution is one of those tough calls. Our School Board made the right decision. Now it's up to the State Board of Education to follow our School Board's lead.
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For the overwhelming majority of people with gout (90%), gout is a genetic disease. These cases are called primary gout. In this article will talk about the other 10% – what is called secondary gout. There is a very long list of causes of secondary gout. Here I will talk about the most common and the most serious.
The single most common cause of secondary gout are lifestyle issues. Lifestyle covers a lot of different areas. Unfortunately, one of the most common is obesity. About 60% of Americans are now considered obese and the number is still growing and is the leading reason why the incidence of gout continues to rise. Being overweight causes the body to create more uric acid but also reduces the bodies ability to eliminate uric acid. If you have gout and are overweight, the single best thing you can do for your gout, and for your overall health, is to eat a healthy, well balanced, reduced calorie diet, lose weight and exercise regularly (See “The ‘Skinny’ on Gout Diets”). Of course everyone that is overweight wants to do this but few people are actually successful, myself included.
Another lifestyle factor is alcohol consumption. Alcohol also causes the body to produce more uric acid and reduces the body’s ability to remove it but alcohol is also a diuretic, which means that it causes the body to lose water. This results in an increase in the concentration of uric acid in the body and an increase in the risk of gout. You should know by now that beer is very bad for gout. On top of the alcohol, there is something else in beer that causes uric acid to rise.
Historically it was thought that the purines in beer where the culprit but modern beers have very low purine levels compared to other foods with a low gout risk so there is something else in beer that makes it so bad. As a side note, if happen to own a brewery, you could make a fortune if you found out what what it is in beer that causes gout and create a “gout friendly” beer. There is nothing that inspires grumbling from a gout sufferer more than telling them that they can’t drink beer.
Interestingly, wine has been shown to slightly lower the risk of gout if you drink one glass per day. This suggests that there is something in wine that causes uric acid levels to go down. However, after two glasses per day the alcohol over powers this effect and the risk goes back up.
Another possible cause of secondary gout is a poor diet. If you live on a diet of fast food and soft drinks you are asking for trouble. High intakes of meat proteins have been shown to increase the risk of gout. But high-fructose corn syrup and other sugars, are probably one of the most powerful means of increasing uric acid levels. There is a fascinating and complex relationship between sugar and uric acid. Unfortunately, it seems everything we eat has sugar or high-fructose corn syrup added particularly drinks such as soft drinks.
If you have been reading my other posts, you might be thinking, “hey, you said diet doesn’t cause gout.” Well, actually, what I said was that for most of us, you cannot control gout with diet alone. If your gout is caused by genetic, then changing your diet will will usually not fix the problem. However, if your gout is the result of obesity, abuse of alcohol or abuse of high-fructose corn syrup or other sweets, then you are in the very small minority of “curable” gout cases. That is, if you can make the changes to your diet and lifestyle that are needed…
Metabolic Syndrome is not a disease but a set of conditions that are a catalyst for diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, stroke and several types of cancer. It is defined as having three or more of the following conditions:
- Elevated Waist Circumference: If your waist line is more than 40 inches (102cm) for man or 35 inches (88cm) for woman, you have an “elevated waist circumference”.
- Elevated Triglycerides: If your triglycerides are more than 150md/dL (8.33mmols/L) or you are on medication to control them, then they are elevated.
- Reduced HDL or “Good” Cholesterol: If your HDL cholesterol is less than 40mg/dL (2.22mmol/L) for men or 50mg/dL (2.77mmols/L) for woman or you are on medication to treat low HDL cholesterol, you’ve got this one.
- Elevated Blood Pressure: If your blood pressure is over 130/85 or you are on medication to control your blood pressure, you can put a check next to this one. Also, keep reading, some high blood pressure medications can increase uric acid levels.
- Elevated Fasting Glucose: If your fasting glucose level is more than 100mg/dL (5.55mmols/L) or you are on medication to reduce glucose levels, then this is another strike.
The connection between Metabolic syndrome and gout is not fully understood but we do know is that 75% of people with gout also have Metabolic syndrome compared to 25% that do not have gout. It seems that they work hand in hand and result in a much higher risk of a lot of very dangerous diseases. To prevent Metabolic syndrome, you need to use a system that should sound very familiar by now: eat a healthy, balanced and reduced calorie diet (For a diet designed specifically for Metabolic syndrome, See “The ‘Skinny’ on Gout Diets”), reduce your weight to a health level and exercise regularly. Sound familiar?
About two thirds of the uric acid that is removed from the body is removed by the kidneys. Therefore, if you have kidney problems, there is a good chance that you will not be able to filter out uric acid quickly enough to avoid it building up. Any decent doctor will check your kidney function on a regular basis, but if you have recently been diagnosed with gout, it wouldn’t be a bad idea to ask your doctor to give you kidneys a closer look. Also, if you have primary gout, uric acid is very hard on the kidneys. One study showed that 99% of people with gout had significant kidney damage at the time of death. Take care of your kidneys.
Medications and Vitamins
Diuretics, which are commonly used to treat high blood pressure, can significantly raise uric acid levels. Also medications to used with organ transplants, to treat psoriasis, heart failure, tuberculosis and Parkinson’s disease can increase uric acid levels. Niacin, more commonly known as vitamin B3 can also increase uric acid levels. Lastly, low-dose aspirin therapy can also increase uric acid levels and the risk of gout.
Psoriasis is a condition where the immune system attacks the skin and joints. We know that cell death causes the release of many substances that the body metabolizes into uric acid so when the body attacks the skin and other tissues as in psoriasis, many cells are killed and uric acid levels rise. Effectively managing the psoriasis should allow uric acid levels to return to normal. Also, the drug ciclosporin is often used to treat psoriasis however, this medication can significantly increase uric acid levels and the risk of gout.
Sleep Associated Hypoxemia or Sleep Apnea
Sleep apnea causes a deprivation of oxygen which can result in cell death and raised uric acid levels. Unfortunately, there is little research on this topic and none that looks at the relationship between sleep apnea and gout directly. Regardless, this may be a common and unrecognized secondary cause of hyperuricemia and gout.
Some types of cancer have been associated with hyperuricemia and gout, particularly cancers of the bone or bone marrow. If you have recently been diagnosed with gout and have none of the risk factors and have no family history of gout, then you might want to ask your doctor about this as a possible secondary cause. Though rare, this is probably one of the most deadly secondary causes of gout.
If you live in an old house with peeling paint, work in a trade that regularly exposes you to lead or just think paint chips are just so darn tasty, then your gout might be caused by lead poisoning. Lead poisoning targets the kidneys and as you should know by now that the kidneys are the major route out of the body for uric acid. If you suspect lead poisoning, there are effective treatments and you should discuss this with your doctor.
This common complication of pregnancy can result in a spike in uric acid levels and result in gout. It is extremely uncommon for women to have hyperuricemia or gout before menopause because estrogen plays a powerful role in controlling uric acid levels. So if and you are pregnant and develop gout, then you should discuss this with your doctor right away. If you are a man and are pregnant, you should call the media right way.
Other Causes of Secondary Gout
There is a long list of other reasons. In my book, Beating Gout, I give a nearly two page long list and even that list is not complete. If you have no family history of gout or any of the lifestyle factors described above but still have hyperuricemia, then you should have a long talk with your doctor about possible secondary causes.
If you liked this post, you will love the book, Beating Gout: A Sufferer’s Guide to Living Pain Free. Get the whole story in one easy-to-understand book, get your copy of Beating Gout: A Sufferer’s Guide to Living Pain Free now. Over 500 research articles and texts where studied and dozens of world class experts on gout were interviews for this book yet it is written for the non-expert. No other book on gout is more up-to-date, comprehensive or easy-to-understand – guaranteed!
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Most often, this process results in high-quality materials. Occasionally, problems arise and the final product may not meet required specification. To define the nature and extent of the problem, a series of tests must be performed. Routine adhesive testing-such as coating weight/consistency, peel adhesion, tack, and/or shear-can identify adhesive performance issues. However, these tests alone may not lead to the source of the problem and the eventual resolution of a quality issue.
It is up to the investigator to isolate the root cause to a physical/surface-related issue (e.g., contamination) or a bulk adhesive chemistry problem (e.g., improper formulation) while using knowledge of the process and application to solve a problem.
Coupled with common physical tests, certain analytical techniques can be run to form a "roadmap" to identify quality issues. Two of the many possible techniques that can be used are presented in this article: infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). These techniques, among others, are good starting points for analytical testing.
IR is one of the most frequently used analytical tools for quality analysis. Most applications compare lots of the same material or compare unknown material to database spectra. An example to illustrate this involves comparison of IR spectra of a rubber-based adhesive to an acrylic adhesive (see Figure 1).
As can be seen from the overlaid spectra, there are different frequencies of IR energy that are absorbed in a rubber-based adhesive as opposed to an acrylic adhesive due to the different functionalities present.
A powerful feature of IR is that it is an additive technique. In other words, if a sample contains three IR-active components, the IR spectrum of the sample will appear like an overlay of the spectra of the three separate IR-active components. Therein lies the ability to ascertain presence or lack thereof of IR-active components or impurities in a sample. An attractive feature of IR spectroscopy for the adhesives/coatings industry is the ability to analyze the surface of a material (up to 2 x 10-6 meters deep). The apparatus to make this possible involves a crystal with proper refractive index properties (zinc selenide is most common). The sample is placed on the surface of the crystal with minimal pressure to ensure good contact. IR light is then used to probe the sample surface in one or multiple spots.
IR can be used for qualitative comparisons of different lots of the same material (or unknown materials) to databases, and to detect the presence (or lack thereof) of components or impurities in a sample. Disadvantages of IR spectroscopy are detection limit, non-IR active components and the possibility of samples possessing similar IR spectra. Examples of the last disadvantage include comparing IR spectra of n-octane to n-nonane, or comparing spectra of different molecular weights to the same polymer.
TGA can be used to investigate presence (or lack thereof) of components and/or impurities, as well as present quantitative information. Example of TGA profiles of various polymers is presented in Figure 2. The two techniques described herein offer different types of information about pressure-sensitive products and materials. There are many more advanced analytical techniques available to study PSAs and coatings. These two techniques offer a good starting point for coupling to physical data. It is easy to see how information relating to the structural makeup or physical proportions of ingredients can point to possible reasons for lack of product performance. While routine peel, tack and shear can expose a problem, it is the analytical work that shows what may have gone wrong.For more information on analytical testing, visit www.chemsultants.com.
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The short description on the Food & Drug Administration website says that the contraceptive pill Introvale is being recalled due to a “packaging flaw.” Well, that’s true, but that flaw is that the pills are in the wrong order. A three-month pack contains 84 “active” pills and seven placebo or “hey, it’s time for your period” pills. Some packs have the placebo pills in week 9 instead of week 13. Manufacturer Sandoz is recalling the affected lots, but since the pills are different colors, it’s not hard to tell whether your pills have been scrambled.
The recalled lots were distributed in the United States between January 2011 and May 2012, and have one of these lot numbers:
LF00478C, LF00479C, LF00551C, LF00552C, LF00687C, LF00688C, LF00763C, LF00764C, LF00765C and LF01261C
Oh, and if you feel like you’ve heard this story before…well, this isn’t the first case of scrambled pills in recent months.
- Birth Control Pills Recalled: Tablets Are Out Of Order In Blister Packs
- Pfizer Recalls Birth Control Pills For Being Potentially Unable To Prevent Pregnancy
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Neohapsis is currently accepting applications for employment. For more information, please visit our website www.neohapsis.com or email email@example.com
From: Eric Rostetter (eric.rostetter_at_physics.utexas.edu)
Date: Mon Sep 02 2002 - 22:11:23 CDT
Quoting Dan Kaminsky <dandoxpara.com>:
> Mozilla will occasionally render downloads from a scripted backend as
> plain text. It's really pretty annoying, correct behavior or not.
Granted. And the solution is to either fix the backend (best) or prompt
the user if they would like to take a non-standard action.
> All things being equal, I'll go with correct behavior being first that
> which matches what is presented to the user in the title bar, using
> standard (Microsoftian!) in-band filename notation, then if nothing
> usable is there, use the MIME-type as a hint. In such a circumstance:
This is just plain wrong. Just because it works for microsoft users
doesn't mean it works for the rest of the world. At least until microsoft
really does take over the world and the rest of us go away.
> foobar.txt is always read as text.
Okay. So what is foobar.text read as?
> foobar.html is always read as html.
But what if I don't want it read as html?
> foobar.php and foobar.php, which really *should* be foobar.html because
> -- dear god, they contain html -- can use the MIME-type to hint
> themselves into HTML parsing.
But what if -- dear god -- it contains php and not html?
> foobar.gif is always read as gif.
> parsed as a gif(foo.gif).
But what if I don't want it parsed at all?
> Importantly, I cannot concieve of a circumstance in which this can be
> described incorrect behavior.
Okay, here's the crux of the problem. Microsoft MSIE thinks that when a web
page wants to download a file called sample.com it must be an Microsoft (DOS)
executable and tries to execute it as such, even though I told it that it
was a text/plain or application/octet-stream file. The problem is, it is
really a OpenVMS command file, which is a text/plain file, or at best
an OpenVMS executable, and Microsoft/MSIE file. So executing it (which MSIE
does) is not only inappropriate/undesirable, but it could be totally
Same for Microsoft thinking that *.doc is a word document, when other
operating systems have been using *.doc for other purposes for years.
Same for *.dir, *.exe, etc.
Point is, not all OS platforms use the same file extensions, so if one decides
to force its file extensions on the user, it will cause problems with people
who use multiple OS platforms.
> to view the previous format, not the latter. GIFs can't exploit your
> system. Flash files can, just like any executable.
That is pure fud.
> We're seeing a reasonably steady stream of "x posing as y to get around
> z restriction" attacks made available specifically because filetype
> handling is being hidden behind a user-opaque format standard that
> places the type of a file far outside the file itself.
So? How is this different that the exploits/viruses/restriction-bypasses
by using filename extensions (like something.xls.txt or something.exe.txt)?
> I expect the exploit stream will eventually lead to MIME-type
I seriously doubt it. And it surely won't be replaced by file extensions
which suffer most all the same problems and additional problems also.
> Yours Truly,
> Dan Kaminsky
> DoxPara Research
-- Eric Rostetter The Department of Physics The University of Texas at Austin
"TAD (Technology Attachment Disorder) is an unshakable, impractical devotion to a brand, platform, product line, or programming language. It's relatively harmless among the rank and file, but when management is afflicted the damage can be measured in dollars. It's also contagious -- someone with sufficient political clout can infect an entire organization."
--"Enterprise Strategies" columnist Tom Yager.
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I got an email the other day in which a reader asked me what tools I thought she needed to have on hand before she started jewelry making. She wanted a list of items she needed that would be used for most of her basic jewelry making needs. I replied, and then I thought, “That’s a great topic for a blog post”.
If it’s helpful to her then maybe YOU will find it helpful too!
And we KNOW how I like to be helpful.
I’m also really good at being a pain in the butt but we’ll stick with the helpful story. OK?
1. Wire Cutters
Wire cutters allow you to cut headpins, eyepins and jewelry stringing wire. Always put the flat side of the cutters closest to the work for a closer cut.
Don’t cut memory wire with your wire cutters though as it will put dents in your cutting edges making the wire cutters fairly useless. If you are going to be cutting memory wire I recommend buying memory wire cutters. Yes, there is a tool made specifically for cutting memory wire.
2. Round Nose Pliers
Round nose pliers, as you can see, are rounded and perfect for making simple loops and other rounded wire elements.
The jaws of round nose pliers taper towards the point which allows you to position your wire along the jaw to get the size of loop that you want. For a large loop place your wire near the handles and for a smaller loop place your wire towards the tip of the pliers.
The key to making consistent sized loops it is to mark the pliers with a permanent marker so that you always place your wire in the same place. When you are finished with the project simply wipe the marker away with a bit of alcohol.
3. Chain Nose Pliers
Chain nose pliers are similar to round nose pliers except that the inside of the jaws are flat. They are better for gripping wire with their flat surface. I recommend chain nose pliers that are smooth on the inside so that they don’t mark your wire like the chain nose pliers with ridges do.
Chain nose pliers are used for opening and closing jump rings or for gripping wire. Like round nose pliers, they taper towards the tip, which makes them useful for getting into small spaces.
4. Flat Nose Pliers
Flat Nose Pliers are similar to chain nose pliers but the jaws do not taper towards the tip. This wider surface makes it easier to grip jewelry wire.
Flat nose pliers may not be as essential to a basic jewelry making toolbox as chain nose pliers but you WILL need a second pair of flat nose type pliers for holding wire while you shape it. You’ll either need two pair of chain nose pliers OR a pair of chain nose pliers AND a pair of flat nose pliers.
5. Crimp Tool
Also called Crimpers and Crimping Pliers this tool is used used with crimp beads or crimp tubes to secure a clasp on the end of beading wire or to keep beads in position on projects where the wire shows between beaded segments (ie an “illusion” necklace).
The crimp tool has two notches in the jaws. Use the first notch nearest the handles to slightly flatten and round your crimp bead onto the wire. This turns it into a ‘C’ shape (ideally with one piece of wire in each side of the ‘C’). Then use the notch near the end of the pliers to shape this ‘C’ shaped bead into a round.
You may have seen some jewelry makers use flat nose or chain nose pliers to smash the crimp bead or tube flat onto the jewelry wire. This is not a process I teach or recommend and I’m kind of a stickler about it. Smashing the metal creates a sharp edge that is 1) NOT pretty and 2) NOT comfortable on your delicate skin.
If you have it in your budget when you are setting up your basic jewelry making tools, and you plan on stringing beads, I would strongly suggest a few Bead Stops. They are the simplest little gadgets but can save you TONS of time. All you do is squeeze the little loops on either end, spreading the springs apart, then insert your bead wire and release the loops. The bead stop stays on the wire keeping your beads in place.
There is nothing like picking up one end of the project you are working on and having the beads slide right off the other end.
Ask me how I know this.
So there you have my answer to the email question “What Basic Jewelry Making Tools Do I Need to Get Started”.
Plus you got to see pictures.
Pictures make it WAY better. :)
What do you think? Did I leave any MUST HAVES off the list? Is there something I listed that you would swap for another item?
PS. If you are looking for a great beginner project I might have just the ticket for you!
I have just listed THREE Swarovski Crystal Christmas Tree Earring Kits in my Etsy shop and they are a great project to start you on your jewelry making journey.
In the interest of helping my friends (YOU) out I’ve searched amazon.com and created a “shopping list” of the above mentioned items. You know, because I’m awesome like that.
And because if you buy a couple of items from the list I’ll earn a few pennies so I can buy MORE BEADS! :)
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So far what I have learned is that since Europeans thought Australia was England and when you cut down lots of trees in England salt does not come up. If the European settlement knew what we do now they would not have cut down so many trees. But they didn’t know, so we need to find some way to reverse it.
The places most affected are ‘‘Western Australia, South Australia and in the Murray-Darling Basin”
Go to this link for more information. http://www.csiro.au/files/files/pmyj.pdf
I think parliament should stop fighting like 3 year olds and actually do their job properly for once. Because I’m sure there is someone who needs a bit of help as they probably have answers but can’t let people know about them.
All in all we need to fix the problem soon before it gets any worse.
These are all the websites I used.
1. Go out side.
2. Go get the axe.
3. Go to the wood pile.
4. Select a piece of wood.
5. Swing axe down onto log.
6. Repeat for the next log.
7. When you think that you have a enough wood stop.
8. Put the axe away.
9. Go back to the wood pile.
10. Pick up as much wood as you can.
11. Put wood under cover or in house.
12. Put the wood in the fire.
13. You now know how to chop wood and have a nice warm house.
Well I never have made a story before because I never had a interest in it. So I’m hoping I get this right. . My first one is ” living in QLD” I lived in QLD for 18 month’s, before moving back. The second one is ”something with gaming which will be fiction”. My third thing is ”Where I have lived” because I have lived in about 15 different homes. . But I haven’t decided which one yet.
The story is about Joe. The reason I like it is because is funny and true. I would like to make a funny and true story. What kind of story do you like?
This wordle was fun to make, and now I do not know what to say so .
Well this is my employability skills I’m hoping I got it right. So thanks for having a look .
Well about a week ago I made my ToonDoo, and I went with a gaming theme. When I was making it I didn’t realise that I could make my own dude, so I went with him. I hope you enjoy it and please have a look around.
Well I thought my normal voice would be boring so I made one up. . Making a speaking avatar was a bit of a pain because I couldn’t find exactly what I was looking for other than that it was fun.
Well with my COD MW3 pic it was way too big. So when I put it in the Photo Filtre I wasn’t to sure what to do, and I forgot to look at Lina’s Blog . So I went and started looking at everything, about 10 minuets later I figured it out . All could have been avoided if I just remember to look at the blog.
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Ó Chrann Go Crann (From Tree to Tree) is a new bi-lingual story app told in English and Gaeilge within the one app. Because it is rare to see any apps in the Irish language, I was interested to see what this app was like. Written by Caitríona Hastings, the story is narrated in both English and Gaeilge by Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh, better known as a singer with the folk group Altan.
The app tells the story of a young girl called Nia, whose world is about to be turned upside down when her father gets a new job, forcing the family to move house from the idyllic countryside to a new house in the city. Nia is going to miss many things about her life in the countryside, but she is especially going to miss her friends the crows who live in the oak tree at the bottom of the garden. However, the crows enlist the help of other crow friends to help ease the transition for Nia to her new life in the city.
This app is beautifully illustrated by Andrew Whitson and looks particularly well on an iPad. It has background music to assist in the telling of the story but this can be turned off if desired. There are interactive elements on most pages of the book where the reader can tap an object to hear a sound effect or create some movement on screen.
There were a couple of drawbacks for me with the app. Firstly, it seems a simple expectation, but you cannot get to the next page of the book with a finger swipe, instead a button at the bottom of the screen has to be touched. The Gaeilge version of the story, narrated by Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh, is in a Donegal dialect which may not suit all pupils. Lastly, I found that the text in places was quite small and spidery and I wondered if pupils would have difficulty in reading it, especially if it was projected onto an IWB. I’d also like to have the option of having the text highlighted as it is being read so that it is easier for pupils, especially younger pupils, to follow and learn new sight vocabulary. These are all just small observations and things that could be considered if there is to be a future app update.
It’s great to see a new book app for children that is geared towards the Irish market so the developers are to be commended for making this available. This story is also available as a book and it has been nominated in the CBI Book of the Year Awards, to be announced in May. More information on the book/app can be got from the Ó Chrann Go Crann website. The app costs €3.99 and is available in the iTunes Store.
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It all started with a call to the Post-Intelligencer, about a different sort of home delivery. Could an epic basketball game land on Seattle's doorstep and be put together in just a handful of days?
As history has demonstrated, the answer was a resounding yes.
Fifty years ago tonight, on Jan. 21, 1952, also a Monday, the city was treated to one of its most endearing sports memories -- Seattle University's 84-81 upset victory over the Harlem Globetrotters at Hec Edmundson Pavilion. Every seat was filled that evening, with the $1.50 tickets snatched up in 48 hours. Celebrities were trotted out. The town was mesmerized.
This was a pairing taken far more seriously than planned, intended as a fund-raiser that would provide a few laughs, supposedly a mismatch of local collegians against professional athletes who doubled as comedians and magicians. Amusement soon gave way to awe. The moment was punctuated by wizardry, but from an unexpected source -- a 43-point scoring binge by the Chieftains' 5-foot-9 Johnny O'Brien, a midget manning the post.
A classic contest was played. Realizing this, crazed fans rushed the floor at the end, one sneaking off with a cherished game ball.
"It has to be one of the top five sports events held in Seattle," local historian Russ Dille maintains, "for the outcome, spectacle and promotion."
Said Rod Belcher, retired TV and radio broadcaster who once played against the Globetrotters himself, "It's still the greatest thrill I've had in basketball -- watching that little son of a (bleep) play the big man's game."
Edmundson Pavilion will be dark this evening, its seats empty, the building silent. But five decades ago, the place came alive, filled to its 12,500 capacity and worked into a frenzy, largely because Royal Brougham said so.
The beauty of this sporting era was a game or event of almost any kind could be orchestrated overnight, culled from someone's imagination, without agents and contracts getting in the way, and spun so brilliantly that people just had to be there, even if they weren't quite sure why.
The late Brougham, the P-I's longtime sports editor, columnist and self-appointed civic leader, did this better than anyone.
Five days before the game would be held, Brougham received a call from Howard Hobson, Yale basketball coach and United States Olympic Committee member. Money was needed to support the country's Olympic effort that summer in Helsinki, Finland. The Globetrotters had agreed to a three-game fund-raiser against college teams in the West, Midwest and East.
Could Seattle help? Provide guarantees? Get ready on short notice?
Done, done and done, Brougham responded without hesitation.
Seattle U. was a willing alternative. "Those days, we'd play anyone," said Eddie O'Brien, Johnny's identical twin brother and the Chieftains' point guard.
Brougham promised the use of Hec Ed, the city's biggest gym. Trouble was, he couldn't reach Harvey Cassill, the UW athletic director, to obtain permission. Cassill was returning from a meeting in Minneapolis by train. The P-I leader brazenly agreed to the deal without him.
"Brougham announced it in the paper the next day," said Bill Sears, former Seattle U. sports information director. "Cassill didn't know anything about it until he got off the train and read it. He was incensed. But nobody was going to buck Brougham. He was Mr. Big in those days."
No laughing matter
With the NBA still in its formative stages, the Globetrotters represented marquee entertainment. In 1952, they were celebrating their silver anniversary, engaged in a 108-game tour nationwide. Center Reece "Goose" Tatum and guard Marques Haynes were touted as the highest-paid basketball players anywhere, with annual salaries of $25,000.
Seattle U. had Johnny O'Brien, the nation's leading NCAA scorer at the time (27 points per game) and a program on the rise. Still, the small, Catholic school was considered a poor second cousin in basketball to the more established UW.
Entering the game, the Globetrotters had played 3,571 games, winning 93 percent. Their schtick was this: They warmed up doing tricks, played serious until building a comfortable lead and resorted to lighter fare once again while finishing off an opponent.
They often used a second, or road, team to meet scheduling demands. Not this time. The Globetrotters, with the exception of Haynes, who was left behind to fulfill a draft-board obligation, were bringing their best.
There was reason to think this pairing was ill-advised, even among the overeager Seattle U. camp.
"I remember when (coach) Al Brightman told us we were going to play them, we thought he was kind of off his rocker," said Chieftains starting center Bill Higlin, 72, who now lives in Bend, Ore. "I really thought they were going to make donkeys out of us."
The braying was supposed to begin at 8 p.m., following a preliminary game. College rules would be used, except for fouls; that night, Higlin became the only player in Seattle U. history to foul out with six personals. A college ball was used one half, a pro ball in the other.
Globetrotters owner-coach Abe Saperstein was smug about the prospects. He didn't try to hide it. He should have.
"Before the game, we were under the north stands and the Globetrotters were on the other side," recalled Johnny O'Brien, 71, who lives on Capitol Hill. "Saperstein came over, looked at us and said, 'Is this all you got?' That's where we won the ballgame."
In familiar red, white and blue uniforms, the Globetrotters took the floor and went into their antics. The band played "Sweet Georgia Brown," their signature song. Players stood in the "Magic Circle," cleverly whipping the ball around. The Chieftains tried not to watch.
"At midcourt, they did their thing," Johnny O'Brien said, "but we weren't that interested."
Actress Joan Caulfield was brought to midcourt for a ceremonial opening tip. The Chieftains snuck a few looks at her. Then things got serious. O'Brien scored his team's first three baskets.
The Globetrotters were taller, older and more physical, but they had no one who could contend with O'Brien. He was quick and uncanny around the basket. He banked in feathery hooks with both hands. He had his way with Tatum, seven inches taller.
"One time, I had the ball in the three-second lane and had to get rid of it, but everybody was covered," O'Brien said. "I flipped it through Goose's arms and into the hoop. He came running down the floor and said, 'Knock that off, little guy, that's my shot.' I started laughing, and he started laughing."
Otherwise, chuckles were minimal. The Chieftains led throughout the first two quarters. Forward Wayne Sanford was a demon on the boards, ultimately totaling a game-high 14 rebounds. Eddie O'Brien's buzzer-beating shot from halfcourt ended the half, bringing people out of their seats and giving Seattle U. a 46-36 lead.
Intermission was a show within itself. Legendary trumpet player Louis Armstrong and singer Velma Middleton performed a riveting duet; they happened to be town, playing at the since-closed Palomar. The Globetrotters provided a dribbling specialist and French unicyclist. Not everyone was entertained by it.
"Brightman was mad," Eddie O'Brien said. "He wanted us back out there, and it was an extra-long halftime."
The Chieftains shouldn't have been in any hurry. Johnny O'Brien had suffered a broken nose earlier in the game and sat out most of the third quarter. In his absence, the Globetrotters made a run, grabbing their only lead of the evening, 55-54.
Seattle U. and its scoring ace regrouped. With Johnny O'Brien filling the hoop again, the Chieftains pushed ahead by 10 early in the fourth quarter. Then it was a race to the end.
With nine seconds to play and Seattle U. up 83-81, a jump ball was called. The Globetrotters made a fateful mistake -- they called time out, and didn't have any left. A technical was whistled.
Johnny O'Brien hit the free throw for his 43rd point, an Edmundson Pavilion record. The Chieftains inbounded the ball and ran out the clock, with forward Jack Doherty heaving the ball into the rafters as fans streamed onto the floor. No one saw the ball come down. No one saw much of anything -- except happy faces.
"It took 20 minutes to get off the floor and into that locker room," said Johnny O'Brien, still none too concerned.
Possession, Johnny O'Brien
That night, the Globetrotters were gracious in defeat, lauding Johnny O'Brien for his unique offensive skills. Said forward Louis Pressley, who took an unsuccessful turn at guarding the high scorer, "I don't think it's possible to completely check O'Brien without using a net."
It was clear Saperstein wasn't happy with the outcome. Most teams went easy on the Globetrotters, not for the throat like Seattle U. did. The master promoter promptly canceled the rest of the collegiate fund-raisers, a game with Notre Dame and another with either Army or Navy.
Saperstein gradually eased his team away from competitive matches, choosing to play staged games with staged opponents, such as the Washington Generals.
The Chieftains were local heroes. A week later, Brougham presented the team with a trophy and individual gold medals.
Years later, Johnny O'Brien received an added gift. He was working as a radio broadcaster for Seattle U. games, teaming with Keith Jackson, when a fan sheepishly approached him one night. The stranger was holding a bag.
The man explained how he had grabbed the game ball during the bedlam after the Globetrotters game and took it home. He wanted Johnny O'Brien to have it.
Temporarily, he did.
"Me and my big mouth," Johnny O'Brien said. "I mentioned it to Royal and he said, "I've got to have that in my museum.'"
Reluctantly, Johnny O'Brien handed it over. The prized basketball was displayed with other sporting artifacts at the P-I, then the Kingdome. Much like the game, the ball took on a life of its own.
After Brougham passed away in 1978, the standout player had a startling thought: That leather keepsake might be lost forever.
"He ups and dies on me, and I didn't have any paperwork that said the ball was mine," Johnny O'Brien said. "No way to prove it."
Still, he knew where the ball was. Three years ago, when the Kingdome was headed for demolition and the contents of the Brougham museum were headed for charity, Johnny O'Brien got on the phone and claimed ownership. There were no protests.
Today, the Globetrotters ball sits in a display case in Johnny O'Brien's basement, fully inflated, a reminder of a magical night.
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I would like to address the so-called “war on coal.”
If this “war” actually exists, it was started by then-Vice President Dick Cheney and his oil- and gas-drilling buddies.
They saw to it that the nicknamed “Halliburton loophole” was put into place. This provision exempted oil and gas drillers from the environmental regulations of the federal Clean Air and Water acts. This is a great competitive advantage of gas over coal.
Next, we have Republican Gov. Tom Corbett and the state Republican House and Senate refusing to enact a proper severance tax on the gas, as do many other states. This tax could help all of Pennsylvania cure its financial woes.
Again, a great competitive advantage of gas over coal.
In another letter I will try to explain why the mine owners favor union-busting polluters over labor-favoring environment protectors.
People are actors, not the nations
The presidential candidates and news accounts referred to nations as actors by attributing to their opinions, motivations, decisions and actions. Those references are not intelligible. Nations cannot think, decide or act.
Many years ago, during warmer months, I ate my brown-bag lunch on the porch of a Quaker meeting house that was next door to the office building where I was employed. I was often joined by an elderly black man who was employed by the Quakers as a groundskeeper.
We never exchanged names but we had interesting conversations about personal matters and current events, including the then-ongoing and controversial Vietnam War.
For him, this war was a large-scale city gang fight. He did not see ideologies, nations or economics. He saw individuals contesting for turf.
At that time, I dismissed his opinions.
Now, I believe that he had a clearer view than I did. Perhaps, as my lunch companion believed, military conflicts are the result of interplay and actions of individuals who conceal their own ambitions, motives, desires and interests.
Using his eyes, one sees contesting individuals who are distributing money and weapons, threatening, acting and reacting, waving flags, making speeches and fighting, all while calling themselves nations or ideologic organizations. They fight by proxy. They cause suffering and destruction. They are not responsible leaders.
My seeing-eye companion would see the individuals who are now serving the Middle East not as especially dangerous.
He would see them playing the child’s game of King of the Hill with deadly violence. He would note that their ornaments include nuclear weapons.
He believed that these individuals found their fighting exciting and profitable.
Fox News balances the liberal media
I enjoyed the editorial page on Oct. 30, especially the Readers’ Forum and the column by Stephen Verotsky on Fox News.
I enjoy PBS, but I don’t believe the taxpayers should pay for it; the station gets enough through donations.
If it wasn’t for Fox News and talk radio, we would have a total liberal media in this country.
He should read the book “Arrogance” by Bernard Goldberg, who worked for the liberal mainstream CBS news for many years. Goldberg punctures the bubble in which the media live and work, a culture of denial when country views are not welcome.
Does he remember the CBS scandal involving Dan Rather, who was fired because of his false accusations about President George Bush?
An Associated Press article published Oct. 28, “Majority harbor prejudice against blacks, poll finds,” revealed that most Americans express anti-Hispanic sentiments. This just before a presidential election! Shame on this liberal news network.
I’m happy to see the “silent majority” spoke up in our Readers’ Forum. I think they woke up when they saw how badly our country is being run. There were many new writers who showed we still have people with common sense, something lacking in the politically corrupt elite news networks.
I would like to address the so-called “war on coal.”
No excuses for not voting
What happens today could go a long way toward determining whether or not Westmont’s taxes go up next year, what steps the city of Johnstown takes to curb crime and which direction Northern Cambria School District takes in the coming year.
Readers' Forum 5-21 | Gun laws, former inmates and 2nd chances
Regarding John Skubak’s letter of April 30, “A change of heart on background checks,” about Second Amendment rights: I want to go beyond that scope.
Jim Scofield | War on terror has claimed many victims
We Americans are not the sole victims we seem to picture ourselves in the various terrorist attacks that have occurred here, as if these were purely the acts of some gratuitous, demented Islamic conspiracy.
- Readers' Forum 5-20 | House bill would add jobs, revenue
Looking out for client must be taken literally
Andre Staton can’t have many people on his side – convicted murderers sitting on death row rarely do – and he would be wise to appreciate and make use of the precious few that he has.
Belated respect, appreciation | Korean War vets feted at dinner
Korean War veterans in Cambria and Somerset counties are forgotten no more.
Bill Shuster | Obamacare will severely impact seniors
As we approach summer, we get closer to 2014 and the dreaded launch of Obamacare.
Methamphetamine awareness | Program will educate public about drug
It’s a substance that is highly addictive, toxic and inexpensive.
Methamphetamine already is in our backyard and its use is on the rise.
Readers' Forum 5-19 | Preserve the 'million man' Army
The current guidance from the Department of Defense is that the United States will no longer conduct long-term stability operations despite 50 years of operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo, Vietnam and Korea.
Michael Young and Terry Madonna | Not your grandfather's Pennsylvania anymore
When asked to describe Pennsylvania, Washington political consultant James Carville, who helped elect Pennsylvania Gov. Bob Casey and U.S. Sen. Harris Wofford, once declared that the state was “Philadelphia and Pittsburgh with Alabama in between.”
- More Editorials Headlines
- No excuses for not voting
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MSU Extension Online Crop and Forage Highlights Scheduled for March 14th and 21st
Producers and agribusiness professionals who haven’t been able to travel to Michigan State University Extension’s recent winter programs have no need to worry. On Thursday evenings March 14th and 21st MSUE will offer Online Crop and Forage Highlights addressing key production points for 2013 in a condensed virtual format. These programs will run from 7:00 pm until 9:00 pm EST and can be viewed independently online at no cost over a high-speed internet connection. Those unable to access the programs online can attend one of several group viewing sites throughout the state for $10 per person.
The March 14th program will focus on enhancing corn and small grain systems in the coming season by addressing emerging production and pest management issues. Presentations will include tips for maximizing corn production from Purdue University corn specialist Dr. Bob Nielsen, small grain production pointers from MSUE educators Martin Nagelkirk and Jim Isleib, a weed management report from Dr. Christy Sprague of MSU, and an insect pest update by MSU Extension’s Bruce MacKellar. Viewing sites for this event will be available in Bellaire, Benton Harbor, Escanaba, Grand Rapids, Monroe, Ontonagon, Rogers City, Sault Ste. Marie, St. Johns, Tustin, and West Branch.
The March 21st program will address agronomic, economic and environmental aspects of forage systems. Purdue’s Dr. Bob Nielsen will give a presentation on corn silage production, followed by Dr. Kim Cassida of MSU Extension and her discussion of drought recovery management for forages, a presentation on cost of production by MSU Extension’s Phil Kaatz, and an introduction to MAEAP verification for forage and livestock systems by Josh Appleby. Viewing sites for March 21st will be available in Bellaire, Benton Harbor, Escanaba, Grand Rapids, Ionia, L’Anse, Monroe, Rogers City, Sault Ste. Marie, St. Johns, Tustin, and West Branch.
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Graphic Journos: The State of the Graphic Journalism Art
Annie Graham is a sophomore at Stanford University who may or may not declare herself an English major this year. She is from Phoenix, Arizona, and is interested in education reform, farming, and, most recently, graphic novels.
A picture is worth a thousand words. By this math, the artists I just interviewed are creating more words than their peers in journalism. Indeed they are artists, but their brand of art has not exactly developed to the degree of a cohesive label. Each one documents real-world events through the combination of words and illustrations. I first became interested in their work when Dan Archer, comics journalist, visited our Nonfiction Graphic Novel class at Stanford. “Nonfiction graphic novels?” you may scoff, “I knew the universities were up to some funny business with that tuition money!” Let me reassure you that this funny business is going to change the way the world sees news, and Dan Archer is part of that. He visited our class one day—abounding with a cool British accent and infectious energy—to show us his work.
Archer draws the news. No, no. Archer draws the news with perfect lines of ink, expert shading, and tremendous attention to the human form. One page of comic panels can take hours of work, which wouldn’t be perfectly evident as he eagerly laid out the draft of his newest project, Alcatraz—putting it within our potentially-smudging reach. Almost simultaneously he presented a PowerPoint presentation about his other work in comics journalism. The man is a multimedia machine. Then again, he is a multitasker by trade. A person who illustrates the news must be a journalist and an artist. This one happens to tell the nonfiction stories, past and present, in the form of comics.
As I researched Archer on his website, I was led to questions about the form of illustrated documentary. Who else is doing it and what other forms does it take? Within a few curious clicks, I was on the website of Graphic Journos, a collective of artists united in spreading “the good word of graphic-based narrative.” Within a few more clicks, I had the contact information of collective members Archer, Jen Sorenson, and Wendy MacNaugton. Each was willing to share the story of how they came to the work and the future they see for it.
Each member also mentioned Susie Cagle, who brought the collective together. Cagle is a journalist and illustrator, sick of people emphasizing the latter in exclusion of the former. Can an illustrator be a serious journalist? She is dedicated enough to reporting that she was recently arrested in Occupy Oakland protests, while sporting her bright orange press pass, for failure to leave the scene of a riot. She was unable for interview when I began the project due to a 15-hour stint in county jail. If not a “serious” journalist, then surely a badass dedicated journalist. Cagle formed the collective Graphic Journos to bring together other artistically inclined storytellers and prove that this form is compelling and important.
All three storytellers I interviewed began illustrating at early ages, but the jump to graphic-based narrative was later in life. In fact, Sorenson is still delving into the art of nonfiction graphic narrative. Her practiced art form is the political cartoon, a sometimes fictional and humorous lens to look at real events. She draws the comic Slowpoke weekly, illustrates for various publications, and has illustrated a small biography of Cynthia Heimel as well as a trip through Whitefish, Montana. Sorenson never expected to be doing this type of work, essentially meaning she never thought she could make a living with her drawing skills. Even with an anthropology degree from the University of Virginia and the belief that comics could not be a career, Sorenson ultimately made it work.
MacNaughton hadn’t planned on a career of creating graphic-based narrative either. Today she illustrates real life in many forms. One of her current projects is “Meanwhile,” a series published on TheRumpus.net where she visits and illustrates different sites in San Francisco. The most recent installment is a depiction of 6th and Mission—a collection of pictures and short descriptions that feels personal, as if you’re talking to the portraits yourself. MacNaughton was trained as a social worker at Columbia University, and she has a knack for bringing stories out of people. Even during my phone interview with her, the first question came from the interested MacNaughton, “How did you get interested in this?” The degree in social work came after graduation from the Art Center College of Design and writing copy for an ad firm.
“Art school kicks the drawing out of you,” MacNaughton says of her years there, where the curriculum was focused more on conceptual art than illustration. Immediately after graduating from art school, MacNaughton became a copywriter for an advertising firm. Though she reflects on the stint as a “dream job” to land right out of school, she hated it. Soon she was presented with the opportunity to illustrate promotions for democratic elections in Rwanda. Her reaction at the dream job: “I’m outta here.” Such is the impulse of all three of these storytellers: to illustrate and inform the stories that might otherwise go untold. MacNaughton can go to a place such as 6th and Mission and find people to tell their stories. Then she can bring them to life with illustration.
If this article had bigger pictures you might keep reading. As of now, I can’t be sure. Are you still reading? An audience tends to pay attention to pictures, and click on the articles with pictures on the Internet. It’s the same impulse that may cause us to turn to the comics page of the newspaper first, or look through photographs until our eye is caught by a special image. The news is often easier to digest in the form of pictures. The work of MacNaughton, Sorenson, Archer, and other graphic journalists shows it’s possible to create informative and important pictures by hand. The Graphic Journos website states, “Readers are bombarded with more information than ever before, but art has a unique power to make those readers stop instead of flipping the page or clicking away.” In my interview with Sorenson, she firmly echoed this statement. Her piece about Whitefish, Montana, in which she put her travels into comic form, received tons of positive feedback. Sorenson sensed a very eager audience for more of this type of work. Like any worthwhile vocation, though, graphic narrative has its difficulties.
As conventional forms of journalism may be reduced to a heap of ill-funded reportage, the niche of comics and graphic journalism experiences much of the same. There is less space for comics to be printed, and some editors are less willing to take risks on new material, or pay more for the work of a person who draws the news. Thankfully for the artists, illustrated narratives also stretch beyond the genre of journalism and into their own nameless genre that even this article has failed to determine. But how do they get paid after all? MacNaughtion’s work is published online, and she illustrates for magazines and other small jobs. Archer has worked the academic angle of his work as a Knight Journalism Fellow at Stanford and is currently working on a commissioned project called Alcatraz. His work is also published online by different media outlets and consistently on his website. Sorenson draws syndicated weeklies for alternative newspapers plus illustrations for magazine and a great deal of work online. Archer has even created full-length stories, shorter than Joe Sacco’s but still sizable, though it takes a great deal of time. Sorenson says she would think about dedicating herself to one longer work, but the time it takes to illustrate such a thing is a deterrent. All three artists agree that the Internet is an extremely important and quality vehicle to spread their work. On one hand, the Internet always pays in exposure, but on the other, it’s hard to pay the rent with exposure. Many different outlets accept the work of these three artists, but some are less willing to pay for the time and effort it takes.
All three of these artists seem satisfied with their line of work—that was the vibe I got from talking with them. They have found a way to do what they love and tell the stories of others. Though you can see clear differences in the style of each, all three are dedicated to this particular form of documenting life. I asked all three for advice for young comics artists or any people who may consider getting into this semi-undefined field. Archer welcomes everyone (“The more the merrier!”) while admitting you must have the skill to draw and write up a story pretty quickly. I asked MacNaughton about getting into her line of work, and even at the end of the interview, it was hard to rest upon a term for her particular form of graphic documentation. We decided on “the field.” Her advice was perhaps the opposite of every child-lecturing parent in the world: “Don’t be shy. Talk to strangers a lot. Draw everything.” Sorenson is more involved in political cartooning; she admits it’s hard to get your foot in the newspaper door now—one that’s been quietly closing with the arrival of online journalism and other forms of news. However, going to comic conventions is a good start to meet editors. As she says, “Something always seems to come of going to these things,” and you shouldn’t be shy to pitch ideas to editors or at least talk to them—the more people you know, the easier it will become.
Although it can be hard to get involved in, the verdict from these three artists is that the work of graphic documentation is satisfying. They are following the news and the lives of other people, and drawing. As we face a deluge, an onslaught, a superlative of information from the news sources everyday, graphic journalism provides an eye-catching way to direct people to certain stories. The institution of journalism is rapidly changing and welcoming new ways of communicating with people. Artists such as Sorenson, Archer, and MacNaugton are adding a new perspective to the news that could make more people care and understand.
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Federal report says paperless electronic voting machines cannot be made secure Ned Mulcahy at 2:55 PM ET
[JURIST] Software-dependent electronic voting machines, "are not viable for future voting systems" and "in practical terms cannot be made secure," according to a draft report [PDF text; press release] prepared by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [official website] and the Election Assistance Commission (EAC) [official website]. The NIST report instead strongly favored what they called software-independent systems. Those systems do not rely on software alone for vote-tallying and often have a paper back-up system. The most common version of this independent system is use of a paper ballot that is electronically scanned and tallied. Such a system permits an accurate audit.
Errors with these touch-screen-only systems are the basis for several lawsuits filed in Florida regarding vote-tallying irregularities [JURIST report] after the November elections. A coalition of advocacy groups filed a lawsuit [complaint, PDF] on November 21 claiming that officials in Sarasota County failed to investigate or report various alleged malfunctions with the touch-screen voting machines and are calling for a re-vote in Florida's hotly-contested 13th Congressional District. This was only one of many instances of voting machine malfunction on election day [JURIST report]. AP has more.
Paper Chase is JURIST's real-time legal news service, powered by a team of 30 law student reporters and editors led by law professor Bernard Hibbitts at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law. As an educational service, Paper Chase is dedicated to presenting important legal news and materials rapidly, objectively and intelligibly in an accessible, ad-free format.
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Lord Nicholas Windsor
|Lord Nicholas Windsor|
25 July 1970 |
University College Hospital, London
|Other names||Nicholas Charles Edward Jonathan Windsor|
|Spouse(s)||Lady Nicholas Windsor|
|Children||Albert Windsor (born 2007)
Leopold Windsor (born 2009)
|Parents||Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
Katharine, Duchess of Kent
The Lord Nicholas Charles Edward Jonathan Windsor (born 25 July 1970) is the youngest child of the Duke and Duchess of Kent, a great-grandson of King George V of the United Kingdom. He is a first cousin once removed of Queen Elizabeth II.
Early years
Lord Nicholas Windsor was born in 1970 at University College Hospital, London, and was the first member of the British Royal Family to be born in a hospital. He was styled as the younger son of a duke from birth, like all great-grandsons of British sovereigns in the male line. He has an older brother, the Earl of St Andrews, and a sister, Lady Helen Taylor. He was baptised on 11 September 1970 at Windsor Castle. His godparents included Charles, Prince of Wales and Donald Coggan, at the time Archbishop of York and later Archbishop of Canterbury.
In a private ceremony in 2001 he was received into the Roman Catholic Church, and therefore forfeited his right of succession to the British throne. The Act of Settlement bars past or present Roman Catholics, and those who marry Roman Catholics, from the succession. Windsor became the first male blood Royal to convert to Catholicism since Charles II on his deathbed in 1685.
Windsor met his future wife, Paola Doimi de Lupis Frankopan, at a party in New York City in 1999 to mark the Millennium. He became engaged to her in July 2006. They married on 4 November 2006 in the Church of St Stephen of the Abyssinians in the Vatican following a civil ceremony on 19 October 2006 in a London register office and she became Lady Nicholas Windsor. This is the first time a member of the British Royal Family has married in the Vatican. As required by the Royal Marriages Act 1772, the Privy Council of the United Kingdom consented to the marriage.
Lord and Lady Nicholas Windsor had their first child, a son, Albert Louis Philip Edward Windsor, on 22 September 2007 at the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London. Albert is the eighth grandchild for the Duke and Duchess of Kent. The child is the first Windsor to carry the name Albert since King George VI, but the couple has said he was actually named after Saint Albert the Great, according to some reports, while his middle name Philip was given in honour of Saint Philip Neri. The names Louis and Edward are after his maternal and paternal grandfathers, respectively. Lady Nicholas gave birth to the couple's second child, Leopold Ernest Augustus Guelph Windsor, on 8 September 2009 at the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital.
Both Albert and Leopold were baptised as Roman Catholics. Albert was baptised in the Queen's Chapel in St. James's Palace and Leopold was baptised by Angelo Cardinal Comastri in St. Peter's in the Vatican on 29 May 2010.
Royal Family role
Lord Nicholas has no official or state role. As a close blood relative of the royal family, he is invited to family events such as royal weddings and birthdays. He was in the Royal Box at the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee concert in June 2012.
Work for charity
In 2007 Lord Nicholas accepted the invitation to become Patron of Bromley Mind. The position is a public statement of his support for its work, and he makes a practical contribution from time to time by supporting special events and fundraising campaigns.
Lord Nicholas has worked for the Refugee Council in London, the DePaul Trust for the homeless and in a school for autistic children. He was a Visiting Fellow at the Ethics and Public Policy Centre in Washington DC at the invitation of George Weigel in 2008. He is a Trustee of the Catholic National Library and The Right to Life Charitable Trust, an educational body whose goal is the full protection of the unborn child.
In 2011 Lord Nicholas was appointed to the Pontifical Academy for Life. He is co-signatory of the San José Articles considering protection of the unborn child. He was rumoured to be considered for the post of UK Ambassador to the Holy See in 2010.
Lord Nicholas has also recently been appointed Director of the Rome-based Dignitatis Humanae Institute.
- "Member of Royal Family to marry at the Vatican". Independent Catholic News. 31 October 2006.
- Paola de Frankopan, My Royal Wedding: Paola de Frankopan Remembers Her Own Marriage into the British Royal Family Vogue Daily, 28 April 2011.
- "Royal News". Paul Theroff. 28 October 2006.[dead link]
- "Privy Council" (Microsoft Document). Privy Council. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- Kay, Richard (3 October 2007). "Paola's a new royal mum". Daily Mail (London).
- Royal News, 2007 (Paul Theroff). 8 March 2007 http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/2007_1.html
|url=missing title (help).[dead link]
- "Lord and Lady Nicholas Windsor and family: July 2005 - Page 7". The Royal Forums. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- Royal news September 2009[dead link]
- "A Windsor tot (section)". Daily Mail. 10 September 2009.
- La Casata dei Lupi
- Rob Preece (5 June 2012). "The princes, princesses, knights of the realm (and a cook): So who WAS who in the Royal Box at the Diamond Jubilee Concert?". Daily Mail.
- "Patrons and Trustees | RTLCT". Righttolifetrust.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- Lord Nicholas Windsor. "Article". First Things. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- "Lord Nicholas Windsor Urges New Abolitionism". nrlc.org. 2010-12-22. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- "Rep. Chris Smith: Lord Windsor's article a "must read" for pro-life, human rights advocates". LifeSiteNews.com. 2010-12-22. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- "Nomination of New Corresponding Members". academiavita.org. 1994-02-11. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- "SanJoseArticles". SanJoseArticles. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
- "www.italianinsider.it". www.italianinsider.it. Retrieved 2012-01-19.
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The subject of intentional breeding or meat rabbits is prohibited. The answers provided on this board are for general guideline purposes only. The information is not intended to diagnose or treat your pet. It is your responsibility to assess the information being given and seek professional advice/second opinion from your veterinarian and/or qualified behaviorist.
LEADERS: Beka27 BinkyBunny Elrohwen KokaneeandKahlua LittlePuffyTail Peppypoo RabbitPam Sarita
I have a total of three rabbits, but one (Daisy) seems to be very scared of people. My friend had a rabbit that was pregnant when she got her and had to move, so I took the mom in and the baby. I already spayed them both after. Daisy is almost 2 years old now and still very nervous around people. I never try to grab her or anything. The other two rabbits are fine with me.
When Daisy is out of her cage, she isn't afraid to climb on me or eat food from my hand. However, when she's in her cage she runs away when anyone is near. When i do need to get her out for exercise, nail clippings, or hair brushing, it's a very difficult task to get her out.
For the longest time I had to leave the cage door open and wait for her to come out. The other two just walks out , but she sits in her cage for an hour or sometimes two to walk out. Giving her treats doesn't really encourage her either. Is there anyway I can get her out more easily? or help with her nervousness around me and my family?
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Merrill Garbus, the woman behind the experimental folk-rock band tUnE-yArDs, wrote her song "My Country" with the state of the union on her mind. The melody resembles "My Country, 'Tis of Thee" at first but quickly veers into more chaotic territory.
" 'My Country,' first of all, does this thing of playing with the original patriotic melody," Garbus says. "It lands on this really weird, unexpected note, and that's something that musically says, 'There's something suspect here; let's investigate this more.' "
Garbus says she hopes the song will entice listeners to examine the notion of the American dream — an idea she finds disingenuous.
"We cannot all have it," Garbus says. "You know, that's the whole idea of the American dream, that we can all have it as long we work hard — and that is untrue. There are so many ways in our country where we are not giving the same opportunities to everybody."
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Kingdoms of Teoryran (Teoryran World Supplement)
From D&D Wiki
The terrors and perils of Teoryran are no less severe to the Kingdoms than they are to parties of brave adventurers. From all directions are all shorelines taken by greedy Dukes and swords playing with iron and gold.
The Red Shogunate
The Shogunate where once vassal states of Kared but they rebelled at the triple Isle of Yazami and imprisoned a living god possessing Kared XV. The gods of the skies removed the Sun for the rebels and tried to starve them. The mortal rebels gained a ransom for freeing the God. The Gods created created a series isles called the Eight Plains of Lotus Buds and the kingdom called itself The Red Shogunate. To protect their lands the Samurai where created and imbued with divine powers. In return the Shogunate should rule in the name of the gods and the will of the Shogun shall be the voice of the gods.
Recently the gods have become more active in the Red Shogunate and convinced the Shogun to start a war against the Kingdom of Kared.
The Shogunate is mostly populated by Orcs, then by elves and humans. The Shogunate have no kings, instead a government consisting of experienced generals rules the state. The Shogun is the ultimate General, ruler and arch priest. The present Shogun is an orc.
Read More about The Red Shogunate.
The Kingdom of Kared
- The Kingdom of Kared is a Kindom, founded by the Kared Dynasty
- with the magical Crown of Wisdom which enhance the Kings wisdom
- and link him to the gods.
- The last Kared, Kared XXV has died by Mazekene evil founder the lizard witch king Ma-Ra-kai.
- The Kingdom is now dying and the capital city
- Kared is overwhelmed by the terrible Lizardmen killing everything in their way.
- The Crown of Wisdom was lost under the battle
- so now The Dukes of Kared have fled to Teoryran.
- Kareds new capital is Rebirth, build in a river delta at Vilethrone Isle.
- A few castles and harbour remain on Aeoryran.
- Aeoryran baronies are not yet lost but the earthquakes and flood makes trade and crops impossible
- Disloyal serfs are killed by the thousandths for trying to
- leave Aeoryran.
- (contains all previus information)
Mazakeen Empire
M. is a great civilisation on Aeoryran that is collapsing into oblivion with everything else. The Mazakeen pyramid cities is located on the mountain tops and secret dales of the tropical forests of the land. Mazakeen is Teocracy and Monarchy under a Priest King. All royalties or noble families are descendants from the original Mazakeen tribe that is retroactive considered divine. They worship the Sun god Golden Frog who protect them from their hell called The Swarm of the Smoked Hive. The empire practice ritual sacrifice on a massive scale to hold off the Smoked Hive. They have a strong tradition of accepted religious cannibalism. They build stairway Pyramids to their gods and practice mummification. They also create countless guardian Mummies and leches.
This also provide the Mazakeen Empire with spells. Mazakeen lizardmen are very educated but a have an religious taboo against iron technology. They only use stone based technology. The The Golden Frog, the mazakeen Sun god and told them that the gods had selected them to protect the world from the Swarm of the Smooked Hive and to teach morality and religion to all other races. Too Mazakeen gave them a egg from which a lizardman was hatched. Ma-Ra-kai, the great Priest-King grew up and so the Mazakeen Imperium was hatched. The Imperium has many humans and elves but orcs are the next numerous race second to Lizardmen.
Barony of Icondri
The Barony of Icondry is a small isle where everyone are vampires. Humanoids are bought from tradors. There is no sun in Icondri and nothing grows there. The only thing the living knows is that it is a crime to be alive in Icondri and murder is legal.
The Legacy of Emerald Snow and Red Shadow
The land of Emerald Snow and Red Shadow is an kingdom populated by Nietzschean. Its devided between thausands of clans,tribes that makes up larger prides and the prides makes up the Legacy. The Land of Emerald Snow and Red Shadow amounts sixteen Legacies. No other races are accepted and few join any other society.
Barony of Gutsnatcher
Gutsnatcher is an underground cave realm around Aeoryran. Shaven are the elite and Ratfolk are their slaves.
The Horde of the Golden Bull
The Empire of Han Tanaar. Han Tanaar is an genocidial nomad war lord. He was a rouge traitor samurai who was cursed by the sun to fear a burned face for kidnapping the Korad God. When the gods forgave all other rebels Han tanaar was still left with his curse and so he chose the path of evil.
Now he wears a golden horned helmet in which he has preserved a fraction of the sun gods power.
His Horde worship chaos, life and death. Han tanar is human but most of his horde are Minotaur, Centaur, Beastmen, humans and orc. Han Tanaar is a master of the art of war and his wars are so brutal and are of such a sort that Teoryan never have seen the like before. Even the weaker of the gods must bow to him. The psycic energy of his total wars and genocidial sacrifices has created a god of war that adore him. Back to Main Page → 3.5e Homebrew → Campaign Settings → Teoryran World Campaign Setting
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Since 2002 Perimeter Institute has been recording seminars, conference talks, and public outreach events using video cameras installed in our lecture theatres. Perimeter now has 7 formal presentation spaces for its many scientific conferences, seminars, workshops and educational outreach activities, all with advanced audio-visual technical capabilities. Recordings of events in these areas are all available On-Demand from this Video Library and on Perimeter Institute Recorded Seminar Archive (PIRSA).
PIRSA is a permanent, free, searchable, and citable archive of recorded seminars from relevant bodies in physics. This resource has been partially modelled after Cornell University's arXiv.org.
I will review recent work in our group using Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) to search for and study quantum spin liquid and topologically ordered states in two dimensional model Hamiltonians. This proves an efficient way to study these phases in semi-realistic situations. I will try to draw lessons from several studies and theoretical considerations.
Theorists have been studying and classifying entanglement in many-particle quantum states for many years. In the past few years, experiments on such states have finally appeared, generating much excitement. I will describe experimental observations on magnetic insulators, ultracold atoms, and high temperature superconductors, and their invigorating influence on our theoretical understanding.
We discuss the general features of charge transport of quantum critical points described by CFTs in 2+1D. Our main tool is the AdS/CFT correspondence, but we will make connections to standard field theory results and to recent quantum Monte Carlo data. We emphasize the importance of poles and zeros of the response functions. In the holographic setting, these are the discrete quasinormal modes of a black hole/brane; they map to the excitations of the CFT. We further describe the role of particle-vortex or S-duality on the conductivity, which is argued to obey two powerful sum rules.
In this talk, I will discuss about the notion of quantum renormalization group, and explain how (D+1)-dimensional gravitational theories naturally emerge as dual descriptions for D-dimensional quantum field theories. It will be argued that the dynamical gravitational field in the bulk encodes the entanglement between low energy modes and high energy modes of the corresponding quantum field theory.
We will point out that there is a universal thermodynamical property of entanglement entropy for excited states. We will derive this by using the AdS/CFT correspondence in any dimension. We will also directly confirm this property from direct field theoretic calculations in two dimensions. We will define a new quantity called entanglement density by taking derivatives of entanglement entropy with respect to the shape of subsystem.
In quantum systems with symmetry, the same topological phase can be enriched by symmetry in different ways, resulting in different symmetry transformations of the superselection sectors in the phase. However, not all symmetry transformations are allowed on the superselection sectors in topological phases in purely 2D systems. In this talk, I will discuss some examples of such symmetry enrichment of topological phases, which seem to be consistent with the fusion and braiding rules of the superselection sectors in the theory but are nonetheless impossible to realize in 2D.
"psi-epistemic" view is that the quantum state does not represent a
state of the world, but a state of knowledge about the world. It is
motivated, in part, by the observation of qualitative similarities between
characteristic properties of non-orthogonal quantum wavefunctions and between
overlapping classical probability distributions. It might be suggested
that this gives a natural explanation for these properties, which seem puzzling
for the alternative "psi-ontic" view. I will examine two such
I will discuss a family of solvable 3D lattice models that have a ``trivial" bulk, in which all excitations are confined, but exhibit topologically ordered surface states. I will discuss perturbations to these models that can drive a phase transition in which some of these excitations become deconfined, driving the system into a phase with bulk topological order.
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Gas rationing and shortage fray nerves in New York City
NEW YORK – A gasoline shortage caused by superstorm Sandy forced 1970s-era rationing on New Yorkers Friday, adding a fuel-gauge obsession to their frayed nerves and dwindling patience.
“I take passenger, I look at gas. I take another passenger, I look at gas,” said New York City taxi driver Shi Shir K. Roy. “Tension all the time.”
Though rationing that allowed private motorists to fill up only every other day seemed to help with gas lines, it didn’t answer motorists’ questions about why they had been waiting for days in hourslong lines to fuel up. The confusion led some, like Angel Ventura, to panic.
If you have any technical difficulties, either with your username and password or with the payment options, please contact us by e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.org
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CHICAGO – September 19, 2010. Governor Pat Quinn today encouraged residents across Illinois to save money and go green by taking advantage of $3 million in rebates available on Sept. 24 for the ENERGY STAR Replacement Appliance Rebate Program. The program builds on last spring’s popular appliance rebate sale and is designed to help Illinoisans reduce their energy consumption while boosting the state’s economy.
“This is another great chance to take advantage of a program that boosts business throughout Illinois and helps our environment by reducing energy consumption,” said Governor Quinn. “Now is the time to go out and replace your aging and inefficient appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, clothes washers and dishwashers.”
At 8 a.m. on Friday, Sept. 24, consumers upgrading to more energy-efficient appliances will be able to take advantage of a 15 percent point-of-sale rebate (up to $250 per appliance) at participating retail stores for as long as funds are available. The rebate may be used on ENERGY STAR qualified refrigerators, freezers, clothes washers and dishwashers purchased at participating retail stores. The rebates are intended for consumers replacing an old unit; customers must certify that they are purchasing a replacement appliance at the time of purchase.
There are approximately $3 million in appliance rebate funds available for the final round of the program. Based on the success of the first appliance rebate offer, organizers expect funds to run out the same day (Sept. 24). While most rebates will be given out at the counter, retailers are also making them available by phone to people with disabilities.
“The first round of the ENERGY STAR rebate program helped people save money on nearly 47,000 energy-efficient water heaters, HVAC systems and appliances,” said Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity (DCEO) Director Warren Ribley. “Our goal is to encourage more people to get rid of old, inefficient appliances and replace them with more efficient models that will lower energy bills and reduce the state's environmental footprint.”
Illinois has received a total of $12.4 million through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act for the ENERGY STAR rebate program. The first round of the program distributed $9.4 million in rebates, which generated more than $75 million in sales and 1.3 trillion BTUs in lifetime energy savings - the equivalent of taking 1,712 passenger vehicles off the road for one year.
The Illinois ENERGY STAR Appliance Rebate Program is being managed by the Midwest Energy Efficiency Alliance on behalf of DCEO. The state also partnered with the Illinois Retail Merchants Association to enroll and coordinate the retailers in the program. More than 420 retailers are participating in the program. For more information, including a list of participating retailers, visit www.IllinoisEnergy.org/appliances.
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Radiation therapies available through Lakeshore Area Radiation Oncology Center include:
- External beam radiation—This is the most common type of radiation therapy used for cancer treatment. Much like a X-ray, the procedure is completely painless. A large machine aims the energy beams at the affected area, and each treatment lasts only a few minutes. Radiation therapy is typically given 5 days a week for five to six weeks.
- Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)
- Image Guided Radiation Therapy
- 4D respiratory gated treatment
- Onboard Imaging (OBI)
- Brachytherapy—Also known as internal radiation or implant therapy, this type of radiation therapy is performed by placing radioactive seeds or pellets into the tissues around the cancer. It may be used alone or in conjunction with external beam radiation.
Sometime CAT scans (CTs) will be needed before the first treatment begins. The radiation oncologist, nurse or radiation therapist will explain each step in the process and answer any questions. Once treatment begins, each treatment is painless and lasts only a few minutes. Generally sessions are scheduled at the same time and same day(s).
Common side effects of radiation therapy may include:
- red, sunburn-like rash
- minor swelling.
Rare side effects of radiation therapy may include:
- arm swelling (lymphedema)
- broken ribs
- damage to the lungs or nerves
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The proposal by a dozen Republican lawmakers would prohibit abortions for "sex selection or genetic abnormalities."
BISMARCK, N.D. (AP) - North Dakota lawmakers are considering further restrictions to the state's anti-abortion laws.
The proposal by a dozen Republican lawmakers would prohibit abortions for ``sex selection or genetic abnormalities.''
Rep. Bette Grande of Fargo was one of the bill's sponsors. She says allowing abortions for the purpose of sex selection or genetic abnormalities "have no place in civilized society.''
North Dakota Women's Network director Renee Stomme spoke in opposition of the measure. She says the bill does not include exemptions for genetic disorders that may be fatal.
Testimony before the House Human Services Committee on Tuesday came on the 40th anniversary of the U.S. Supreme Court decision that declared abortion legal.
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When it comes to dieting there are very few organizations that have achieved the lasting success of Weight Watchers. They have been around quite a while and show no signs of stopping. More importantly, their success stories speak volumes for those who join and stick with the program. So what makes this program so successful when many others come and go?
Weight Watchers Community
Believe it or not, one of the most important things about Weight Watchers secret to success, so to speak, is the sense of community that is forged between the men and women who are trying to lose weight. There is something humbling and exciting about standing in front of the scale week after week and sharing not only your personal successes and failures but also the failures and successes of others.
Far too often we those who are dieting simply do not have an adequate support system at home. The bonding that is done during the Weight Watchers meeting is a strong bond of men and women who may come from different backgrounds and walks of life but who share a common goal for their futures-weight loss and better health. That is not a bond to be taken lightly particularly when they laugh and cry together. They are in their own way going through the trenches together and the success of this type of program for motivating and encouraging is nothing short of phenomenal.
Weight Watchers Evolution
Weight Watchers has a pattern for success but they are not beyond evolving with the needs of the time. While they will be the first to state that the most successful participants typically attend the meetings, Weight Watchers also offers alternatives for those with busy schedules and even those that are simply too afraid to go to the meetings. For these people there is the anonymity of online forums, message boards, and support groups.
Weight Watchers hasn’t limited its evolutionary process to this alone, they’ve also in recent years added a points system that allows dieters participating in their program to more easily gauge how well they are doing by their dietary standards and requirements without needing to count every single calorie or weighing their food. We live in a world of busy people and it is often more hassle than many dieters find to be worth the effort to count every single calorie (particularly when dining out).
The Weight Watchers website is another example of their commitment to evolve and accommodate the diverse needs of the men and women participating in their program. If you haven’t checked it out in a while you really should take a look and see what amazing insights and information they have to offer.
Weight Watchers Commitment to Fitness
Weight Watchers knows that it isn’t just diet that gets results. When you combine diet with exercise the results are much more immediate and more profound. The fact that Weight Watchers stresses the importance of exercise and physical fitness in addition to proper nutrition and changing your way of thinking when it comes to food is yet another reason for their widely known success.
Weight Watchers is just one of many different weight loss and dieting programs in the market today. The fact that they have made a name for themselves and stand out above the rest in many ways is nothing to take lightly. It seems that there is a new weight loss program cropping up every other month or so and yet Weight Watchers continues to achieve visible and sustainable results in those who really work the program. Very few programs can make that claim for as long as Weight Watchers has been able to.
When you combine all of the things mentioned above with the pre packaged foods that are offered by Weight Watchers, the extensive recipes that are available for Weight Watcher’s participants, and a solid track record for success you would be robbing yourself of the potential for lasting success if you didn’t at least see what the plan has to offer you.
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Some of Our Accomplishments
Recycling Benefits Habitat for Humanity
Thinking about painting the inside of your home? Why not do it in the vibrant colors of the Upstate Golisano Children’s Hospital.
Upstate Medical University has donated approximately 120 gallons of paint—in such colors as Austin Orchid, Friendly Yellow, Rosy Apple and Buttermint—to Habitat for Humanity. The paint was all that was left over from the original construction project. Read More >
Coronary Care Unit
Despite the signs to the contrary posted throughout the coronary care unit in Upstate University Hospital, staff members believe it's "easy to be green."
Nurses on the unit (8E) have been encouraging greater vigilance in the recycling of paper, cardboard and plastic, and they have set up a centralized location to make recycling … yes, easy. Read More >
Willie White, Steve Egan and the rest of the Receiving Department in the Campus West Building have plenty of work to do as it is.
But if additional work comes in the form of more recyclable inkjet and laser cartridges, cell phones and PDAs, they are fine with that. Read More >
Recycling is second nature to SUNY Upstate students who live in Clark Tower.
The residence hall has had a recycling program for about six years, said Assistant Director of College Housing Sharon Huard. Read More >
Coffee lovers in the Department of Radiation Oncology in University Hospital have gone green.
The 35-member department has done away with disposable polystyrene cups, and has switched to real mugs. The savings? Almost $400 a year.
Read More >
'I Hate Throwing Anything Out.'
This is recycling on a grand scale, and it's all SUNY Upstate stuff.
Paul Hrybinczak of SUNY Upstate's Property Management department presides over a 10,000 square foot warehouse filled with recycled – and recyclable – office equipment, furniture and electronic components.
Read More >
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"Every living-room contains – much like a museum in this respect – remnants of past functions, which have become manifest."
Martin Warnke, Die Situation der Couchecke, 1979
Are you still sitting or already lying down? It's bit of a tricky thing, the couch: Observed from a purely practical perspective it can serve the one or other pleasurable occupation – sometimes sitting upright, sometimes semi or totally recumbent, as you like. As such, it seems advisable to begin by examining this central typology of relaxed and communicative sitting not solely with regard to functional or aesthetic criteria. Whether with a steep or flat, high or flexible backrest, whether with firm or soft upholstery, with or without cushions that can be draped at will, scrunched up or arranged tidily, whether elongated or truncated, whether deep enough to seat giants or low enough to accommodate midgets – the sofa is the universal piece of furniture of civilized homely comfort. Yet it has a history that is as long as it is meandering, and full of surprises. So let's put the couch itself on the couch. After all, you can probably say: As you make your bed, so you must sit on it. Or: As you sit, so you must make your bed. Or expressed more seriously in the words of art historian Martin Warnke: "We find in the sofa corner the main content of this century's living culture: enabling comfort and security against and for the outside world."
Put on the couch
But let's not fool ourselves. With the sofa it's not just a trivial matter of sitting or reclining comfortably on a piece of furniture. It is about attitude, or rather attitudes – towards the world outside, yourself, your interlocutor, close friends and loved ones, guests and friends, dogs and cats, things and media. In short, it is about attitudes to relaxation just as much as it is to orientation and knowledge. And at least on Freud's couch it is evidently also about a compulsion to tell all, if the recumbent positioning of the person under analysis in a room ideally protected against all external influences is to permit by way of a verbal, seemingly unstructured exchange with the analyst the revelation of suppressed wishes and desires, assigning them an interpretation and working through them. In the same way that Freud's divan – and with it the entire setting of the therapeutic "sitting" – reveals something about psychoanalysis, every couch and every modular seating ensemble speaks volumes about the psycho-physical disposition of its designer and its "owner".
Anyone who thinks about psychoanalysis immediately has a picture of Freud's couch before their inner eye. It's not for nothing that if someone is suffering emotionally and not functioning properly we say they need to go "on the couch". However, in this context this not only refers to that of Dr. Freud. What we associate with this adage is moreover the emotional and physical necessity to occasionally remove ourselves from functioning in the work process in order to recharge our batteries for continued functioning and making ourselves fit by way of relaxation.
As such, Sigmund Freud's couch covered by a carpet from Smyrna (now Izmir) has become more than an emblem or trademark of Freudian work on the soul. But how could a vital element of the living room prove its worth as a successful therapeutic instrument? Put differently: Why do we ascribe to the horizontal position of the body the ability to promote self-knowledge? Did the hysterical woman in Vienna at the turn of the 20th century rely on the recumbent position in order to work through her traumata and unravel her emotional confusion successfully?
As a piece of furniture the couch creates a whole series of exemplary connections between the middle-class interior (including family talk) and access to the emotional interior. After all, even before Freud developed psychoanalysis it was the therapeutic place on which without too much effort a host of more of less efficient methods can be applied, emotional disturbances treated, and states of exhaustion countered. While methods such as hydrotherapy require extensive premises such as spas and sanatoriums, which were primarily frequented by members of the upper class, electrotherapy and hypnosis could also be performed in the living room on the divan.
The salon with its decor, wooden paneling, voluminous fabric draperies and upholstered furniture decked out with carpets effectively becomes a projection surface for emotional states. In the dreams of patients suffering from multiple physical reactions it becomes a bestiary, an awful vision, which not infrequently has the furniture appear as bizarre animal creatures. In other words, the body's passive position on the couch corresponds with the experience of complete powerlessness – and the disappearance of all certainties triggers a "mental tempest".
Moreover, Freud's treatment room corresponds with the contemporary standard even though his model of such a room – including the "universal examination couch" covered with an oriental rug had at the end of the 19th century already been replaced by white ordination rooms, which were equipped with aseptic tubular steel furniture that was easy to clean. The rug with its oriental pile cast over the divan not only obstructed the view of the expected intrusions into body or soul. It calmed, and as a camouflage for the mobile couch also connected with one another two otherwise separate spheres: on the one hand the physiological, which evolves in a technical world; on the other the psychological, which drew on the equipment of the middle-class living room so as to reduce fear of the former.
The semi-recumbent, semi-upright position that Freud expected of his patients also refers to an alteration in the general sitting habits. Towards the end of the 19th century the onetime aristocratic pose had largely lost its standing as socially acceptable and prestigious while there was more of an emphasis on the intimate aspect, the proximity to sleep and sexuality.
In other words, couch and sofa became the vehicles of a self-communication geared towards the model of the dream, while likewise being assigned the task of structuring the relationship between analyst and patient. The communication situation did not correspond to that of a casual chat in the sofa corner but rather that of a telephone call while reclining, in which the analyst functioned as the receiver.
Relaxation of the sitting positions
As we can see, furniture not only has functional and stylistic dimensions, but equally plays a key role when it comes to communication. The placing of seats in a room centers it, defines the distances between those engaged in conversation, encourages or discourages exchange, and as such creates a radius within which communication is either limited or can unfold freely. A decisive factor is your own attitude – to other people, your body, and the world. Whether ottomans, larger-than-life upholstered stools or pseudo-Turkish sofas – none of these demand a clear sitting position any longer. The division between sitting and lying has become more fluid and furniture invites occupants to adopt a pose of their own choosing. (Anyone who as a student used grandmother's old mattresses as seats not only knows how an oriental bench works but is equally familiar with the anti-middle class potential of the associated lying, sprawling and lounging around.) Moreover, the criticism that upholstered items promote an existential looseness can also be interpreted as a suspicious response to the attempt to incorporate oriental elements into the Western home culture, especially as the relaxation in the rigid regime of the chair moves the sofa very close to idleness and sexual activities.
In other words, the sofa designed in the West as an item of communicative furniture for the Enlightenment salon, in the 19th century increasingly appeared to be a risky place and shaky foundation for middle-class morals. While the Orient understood the cushion as an amorphous surface on which the occupant generated comfort by virtue of a position he adopted himself, the West by adapting furniture to the body sought to assist it in performing its functions. Mechanical adjustment features, intended to relieve the body of all activity and accordingly help it relax, placed people in a given position. This still more or less applies today – and by no means only in the office with its ergonomic, technical seating elements. Put differently, furniture for sitting and reclining responds to man's increasing emotional unrest by installing mechanisms with a flexible interior. For Sigfried Giedion, the 19th-century posture also derives from passive relaxation, which produced new types of furniture adapted to the body. Not only the bed but also the sofa functioned as a refuge from what were seen to be the harmful influences of our surroundings.
Anyone who deals with sofa and couch from the perspective of morally bolstered attitudes will inevitably have to address questions of standardization. Not necessarily going as far as Procrustes, the giant from Greek mythology, who offered lost walkers his hospitality and an iron bed and, according to the legend, either chopped off what extended over the end or, if the guests were too short, stretched them to size. The brutal business of standardization demonstrates that the bed or the sofa is not standardized as such, but that standardization is derived by adapting the body to fit them. As such, standardizing the couch and being standardized by the couch are inextricably connected.
The beds of the Cardinal
In addition to standardized adaptation we also have the division between public and private sphere and connected with this the distinction between individual living areas. The inventory of the estate of the deceased Cardinal Mazarin from the year 1661 includes a large number of beds. They were installed in different places, and their location was by no means just restricted to the bedroom, but they would adorn even in prestigious rooms. Moreover, in keeping with the practices of the courtly-aristocratic interior furnishings, which in the 17th century did not yet distinguish between the private and public, the rooms were extremely spartanly furnished at the time and entirely devoid of a homely atmosphere in today's sense.
The separation of the public, representative area from the private space prompted a change not only in the contours and proportions, but also in the coloring of the furniture and its positioning in the room. New types of furniture evolved and were advanced, while the unity of representation and function was lost. The new role of furniture was to satisfy individual needs and provide greater home comfort. In the course of this transformation this newly gained comfort was transferred from the bed to seating furniture, with the latter becoming smaller and more mobile, and gradually conquering the center of the room. Also, because less servants were in attendance things had to be to hand rather than being fetched when needed. Around 1750, this reorientation reached a first climax with sofas featuring a rounded backrest catering to greater comfort. Now the functional radius of the couch was between waking and dreaming, creating space for both. Yet the decision for one over the other remained in the balance.
From "Sopha" to lounging bed
Whether divan, ottoman, sofa or seating ensemble, all of these items are ultimately furniture on the brink – both in terms of human geography, but also regarding the connection between physical and moral position. It is hardly surprising that from the 18th to the early 20th century they were described in dictionaries as oriental furniture. For example, Grimm's dictionary defines "Sofa" or "Sopha" as a "resting bed" and an "upholstered bed" but also an "Oriental word" from the Persian "sofah" and Arabic "suffa", which "along with the item became known in the late 17th century and in the West in general, and as such also in Germany and was described as Oriental: "sofa", amongst the Orientals, is a kind of bed, which lines the walls and windows of the rooms and chambers and extends from one wall to another, for sitting or lying on". After the mid-18th century the word "Sofa" was also transferred to the German "Lotterbett" (literally lazy bed), which was also given the foreign name "canapé". And although the West has in the Greek "kline", a lounger with a turned up head rest, and the Roman "lectulus" its own tradition of a resting bed going back to classical antiquity the career of the sofa very much reflects the interest and influence connected with the Ottoman empire that starts in the 18th century with the translation of the tales of the "Thousand and One Nights" by the French Orientalist Antoine Galland, the "Recueil Ferriol", a picture archive of peoples of the Levant, and Lady Montagu's letters from the Orient of 1763. In other words, the imagination of the non-European coincided with the adaptation of a piece of furniture, and the Orient of the imagination gave birth to one of the home. From now onwards Johannes, the seducer in Sören Kierkegaard's "Diary of a Seducer", is not the only one to sit on a sofa, from which he lets his imagination roam, he also sits in the midst of his imagination.
Today, the wealthy middle-classes continue to furnish their homes with the sofa, in other words a collective dream, which is associated with bygone epochs and distant countries and plays with the ambivalence between representation and intimacy. But while relaxed resting is considered a universal sitting pose in the Orient, the West differentiates between sitting and lying, with lying or lolling around always referred to as an exception to sitting upright. Only those who become too infatuated in dreams and illusions and can no longer distinguish between the different positions will have to move from the sofa in their home and on to the psychoanalyst's couch. And for those that do not feel at ease on either all that remains for sitting, lying or dreaming is the floor. With or without an Oriental rug.
Find a comprehensive overview of sofas here:
› Sofas at Stylepark
Already published in our series on product-typologies:
› "Everything that is furniture" by Thomas Wagner
› "Do not lean back!" on stools by Nina Reetzke
› "On tranquility and comfort" on lounge chairs by Mathias Remmele
› "Foam meadow, stays fresh for longer" by Markus Frenzl
› "In Chair World" by Sandra Hofmeister
› "All the things chair can be" by Claus Richter
› "The shelf – furniture for public order" by Thomas Edelmann
› "How the armchair got its wings…" by Knuth Hornbogen
› "Pillar of society" by Thomas Edelmann
› "The rocking chair as a phenomenon for the arcades" by Annette Tietenberg
› "The small world of multi-functional furniture" by Nancy Jehmlich
› "Now stop jumping on the bed! The bed as a place for work, rest and play" by Annette Tietenberg
› "It's set" on tables by Sandra Hofmeister
The Couch. A psychoanalytical fantasy
by Thomas Wagner | 29 Ноябрь 2011 г.
“The Siesta” by Arthur Frederick Bridgman, 19th or early 20th century, Spanierman Gallery, New York
“Berthe Morisot on a divan” by Édouard Manet, 1872/73
„Madame Monet on a divan“ by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, 1872
„Lady on a Pink Divan” by Julius LeBlanc Stewart, 1877
„Jove decadent” by Ramon Casas, 1899
“Portrait de Monsieur Levett et Mademoiselle Glavani assis sur un divan en costume turc” by Jean-Etienne Liotard, 1738-1741, Louvre Museum, Paris
„Sofa" by Alexandr Onishenko, 1999
Lionel Logue’ couch from the movie “The King's Speech”
Student reading in the Shaw Library, 1964, Foto: Library of the London School of Economics and Political Science
Schlafsofa Nr. 1 by Thonet, 1884, Courtesy of Patrick Kovacs, Kunsthandel GmbH
Image above: Freud’s Couch in the Freud Museum in London, photo: Konstantin Binder; Image below: Sigmund Freud
„Portrait of the artist’s wife, Marie Fargues (ca.1718-1784), in Turkish dress“ by Jean-Étienne Liotard, 1756 - 1758
„Portrait of Mustapha Aga Emissary to the Swedish Court“ by George Engelhardt Schroeder, about 1727-1732
“The toilet” by Frédéric Bazille, 1869-70, Musee Fabre, Montpellier
“Lady on a divan” by Emil Orlik, 1916
“Portrait of Maria Adelaide of France in Turkish-style clothes” by Jean-Étienne Liotard, 1753
“Madame Manet on the blue canapee“ by Edouard Manet, 1874
„Sonnige Stube” by Vilhelm Hammershoi, 1901
Reception room in Palais Eynard in Genf, Switzerland
International Sand Sculpture Festival in Portugal, here Sigmund Freud has a session with a patient, Foto: R.Haworth
Sofa “Freud“ by Todd Bracher for Zanotta, photo © Zanotta
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The first time you purchase your first LTE-capable smartphone, the biggest shocker of the device isn’t how wicked fast LTE download speeds are, it’s how sinisterly expensive it is to pay for all that super-fast LTE data. Just like 3G data plans, LTE is expensive. In fact, according to to the GSM Association, Americans are being charged too much for LTE data.
The GSM Association — a group based in London that represents mobile operators — set out to find if there are any price disparities in the LTE markets of the world. What they discovered is that while Americans have been the first to widely adopt LTE, they’re also paying three times as much for each gigabyte of data compared to Europeans.
According to the study, customers of Verizon Wireless are charged $7.50 for each gigabyte of data over LTE, while the average European is charged about $2.50 per gigabyte. The disparity is even larger in countries like Sweden where consumers pay as little as 63 cents per gigabyte.
One analyst claims that the higher LTE prices in the United States come from operators selling LTE as part of a larger mobile package, while European operators sell it as a stand-alone service at a lower price. As U.S. operators phase out their unlimited data plans, they’ve caused the price of LTE data to increase above European operators.
The other big difference for the data-price disparity is that there is simply more competition in Europe. With 38 operators selling LTE data, Europe as the greatest numbers of operators capable of selling LTE in one region. Small markets like Austria, Finland and Portugal all have at least three LTE operators.
With an absense of competition in the U.S. consumers shouldn’t expect to see LTE data prices dropping anytime soon. Verizon and AT&T command most of the mobile market in the U.S. as competitors like T-Mobile and Sprint struggle to keep up.
- Source New York Times
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MCF today released its Giving in Minnesota, 2012 Edition research, the most comprehensive analysis of charitable giving in the state.
The report shows giving by individuals, foundations and corporate giving programs totaled $5.2 billion for the 2010 research year, a modest 2.6% increase over 2009.
The 2010 research year, the most recent time period for which complete data are available, includes financial information from foundations and corporate giving programs with fiscal years ending between June 1, 2010, and May 31, 2011.
Individual giving grew 3.4% to $3.8 billion and accounted for most of the overall increase. The majority of the state’s charitable giving — 73% in 2010 — comes from individuals.
Grantmaking accounted for 27% — $1.41 billion — of total 2010 giving, an increase of less than 1% over 2009. The total includes grantmaking by MCF member Greater Twin Cities United Way, which was included in the research for the first time to create a more comprehensive picture of charitable giving in Minnesota. Without that addition, total 2010 grantmaking would have declined 4.1% from 2009.
Foundation Assets Growing
While grantmaking has not fully recovered from the economic downturn, foundation assets are beginning to rise. Assets grew 3.8% to $16.9 billion in 2010, but are still slightly below the pre-recession 2007 level of $17 billion.
Corporate Grantmakers Lead Giving
The Giving in Minnesota research indicates that corporate foundations and giving programs, which comprise 9% of the 1,467 grantmakers in the state, gave 45% of all 2010 grant dollars. Private foundations — 85% of Minnesota’s grantmakers — gave 38% of grant dollars. Community/public foundations accounted for the remaining 17%.
Education Received Largest Share of Grant Dollars
The three subject areas receiving the largest shares of Minnesota’s grant dollars were education (27%), human services (23%) and public affairs/society benefit (16%).
Funding for arts, culture and humanities rose 20% to $129 million, while giving to education, human services, environment/animals and religion was up more modestly – between 3 and 6% each.
Subject area information is based on analysis of grants of $2,000 or more made by a sample of 100 of Minnesota’s top grantmakers. These grants represented about two-thirds of the state’s philanthropic giving for the year. Overall, grantmaking by the sample increased 3% from 2009 to 2010.
Trends for Geographies, Beneficiaries & Types of Support
In 2010 51% of dollars given by Minnesota grantmakers went to organizations and programs serving Minnesota. The Twin Cities metro area received 31% of the total grant dollars, with Greater Minnesota and Minnesota statewide each receiving 10%.
Organizations serving other parts of the country and world received 49% of grant dollars. A majority (67%) of corporate grant dollars went out-of-state, reflecting businesses’ goals of distributing support between Minnesota, where they are headquartered, and other parts of the nation and world where they have facilities and customers.
Based on available data, 55% of the sample’s grants could be coded to a specific beneficiary group. Of those, the largest share of dollars — nearly 25% — went to organizations serving children and youth.
Grantmakers continued to devote the largest share of their giving — 62% in 2010 — to program support. Twenty percent of grant dollars went to general operating support and 9% to capital projects.
MCF conducts Giving in Minnesota research annually to examine long-term trends in charitable giving. For the Giving in Minnesota, 2012 Edition summary and full report, see www.mcf.org/research/giving.
- Susan Stehling, MCF communications associate
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The pride of homeownership
I recently learned that buying a home is terrifying. And expensive. But that feeling when you first walk in the door of your new home, knowing that it really does belong to you, is truly incredible.
Mr. Speedy and I were so proud, and still are, to give our friends home tours, pointing out the things we love and those we want to change.
And, apparently, we're not the only first-time buyers who find a real emotional payoff in home ownership, according to a recent survey by Genworth Financial Canada.
Genworth's First-Time Homebuyer Monitor, released this week, found that 80 per cent of Torontonians said they feel the value of owning a home goes beyond the financial value. Nationally, among the 2,521 Canadians surveyed between April 24 and May 4, 84 per cent shared this view.
And 83 per cent of Torontonians surveyed agree that "Owning a home provides a greater sense of emotional well-being and security," compared to 84 per cent of Canadians.
Additionally, 77 per cent of Torontonians said they consider a house/condo they own more of a 'home' than a rental property, compared to 80 per cent nationally. An equal per cent of respondents said that owning a home made them feel more personally fulfilled.
The survey also found 81 per cent of Torontonians (compared to 85 per cent nationally) believe that even though home ownership may mean more work and effort, they'd rather own than rent.
There's also a sense of security that comes with home ownership, the survey found, with 85 per cent of Torontonians and 88 per cent of Canadians saying they would feel more financially secure owning their own home than renting.
"The survey results show Canadians have a deep emotional attachment to home ownership," said Peter Vukanovich, President of Genworth Financial Canada, in a release. "Most people closely associate financial security and emotional well being with home ownership. That's particularly true among first-time homebuyers."
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Canadian day trippers to the U.S. in the Thousand Islands region are on the rise, according Statistics Canadas latest border crossings breakdown.
Compared with 2011, some 30,551 more Canadians in the Thousand Islands area made day visits to the U.S. last year from January through November, a 9 percent increase, according to Statistics Canada.
Furthermore, border data show that one-night stays increased by an even larger margin a good sign not only for area lodging operations but for retailers, restaurants and other tourism-related businesses.
From January through November, one overnights went up by approximately 38 percent over 2011 to an estimated 109,708 people.
Gary S. DeYoung, executive director of the 1000 Islands International Tourism Council, said he suspects most of the increase comes from Canadian shoppers to the greater Watertown and Syracuse areas who have more spare cash to spend as North Americas economy improves.
The favorable exchange rate, which puts the value of Canadian and U.S. dollars roughly on par, certainly doesnt hurt either, he said.
I dont think were going to see the same rate of growth in following years. But hopefully, well be able to hold the numbers were getting, Mr. DeYoung said.
The challenge in the years to come would be to get more of these Canadian shoppers to spend time at local restaurants, wineries, ski slopes and other tourist attractions, he said.
Mr. DeYoung said the Tourism Council has been promoting the region heavily in Ottawa and eastern Ontario. In addition to its regular summer promotions, the council has been making a greater effort to attract more visitors in the fall since 2009.
The number of Thousand Islands region Canadians who spent two or more nights on the U.S. side of the border also grew by 7 percent, to 677,133 people. However, Mr. DeYoung said, its hard to determine whether these travelers ended up staying in Northern New York or were simply en route to somewhere else.
Overall visitation increased 10 percent from roughly 1.1 million to 1.2 million. On the flip side, the number of Americans arriving in Canada went up by only 3,659 people, a 1 percent increase over 2011.
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Ethnic Media Reporting
With nearly one in four Australians born overseas, ethnic media play a unique and important role in capturing information, viewpoints and opportunities within the growing multicultural community of Australia. However, ethnic media are not always readily available and accessible to the general public due to language differences or limited circulation.
MediaLink makes non-English contents in ethnic newspapers available in English through MediaLink reports. MediaLink uses a custom-built system that enables you to search based on language, publication, date of publication and keywords.
MediaLink reports are newsworthy as they are made available within one working day of the publication of the ethnic newspaper. Reports cover over 100 issues of major publications in eleven language groups in Australia per week namely Arabic, Bosnian, Chinese, Croatian, Greek, Italian, Korean, Serbian, Spanish, Turkish and Vietnamese.
MediaLink offers a broad range of reports including news, editorial comments and opinions, business features, political cartoons, community events, announcements of community events, media releases and advertisements of government agencies, parliamentarians and political parties.
Subscription to MediaLink is available on a long term or short term basis.
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Lymphatic metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Methodology: This case series included twenty patients specimens with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. They were evaluated for lymphangiogenesis by using Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 3 and KI67 immunohistochemical markers and then the data was correlated with clinicopatological criterias.
Results: High intratumoral and peritumoral lymphatic densities were both found significantly associated with the poor histological differentiation (Exact test p= 0.023). There was no association between intratumoral lymphatic density, peritumoral lymphatic density and the presence of lymph node metastasis, location of the tumor, age, and sex. There was however a significant association between intratumoral lymphatic density and peritumoral lymphatic density (Fisher exact test p=0.001).
Conclusions: This study reveals the existence of intratumoral and peritumoral proliferating lymphatics, but these lymphatics have no correlation with the lymph node metastasis in all the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cases such as larynx and oral cavity.
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In Turkey, a law dating back to the 1920′s bans the use of the letters Q, W and X. The law was created for Turkey’s transition from the Arabic alphabet to the Latin one. But today, it’s used against Turkey’s ethnic Kurds. Matthew Brunwasser reports from Istanbul.
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MARCO WERMAN: In Turkey, using the letters Q, W and X can land you in jail.
They’re considered “non-Turkish letters” and article 222 of the Turkish penal code bans their use.
The measure is based on a law from the 1920s when Turkey switched its language from the Arabic alphabet to the Latin one. The law was meant to stop the use of the old Arabic script. But today, it’s being used against Turkey’s ethnic Kurdish minority. Matthew Brunwasser reports from Istanbul.
WOMAN: [reciting Turkish alphabet to music]
MATTHEW BRUNWASSER: This is the Turkish alphabet. It has a few letters English doesn’t have and it’s missing three that English does have: Q, W and X. Authorities in Turkey like it that way. If someone were to use one of the missing letters, they could be arrested. Just ask Kurdish political leader Mahmut Alinak. He wrote an angry letter to the Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan in Kurdish. That letter got him an 18 month prison sentence because it contained Q, W and X.
MAHMUT ALINAK: [speaking Kurdish]
BRUNWASSER: Alinak says that people should be able to use Q, W and X without the threat of criminal prosecution. Better yet, he says, the letters should be added to the Turkish alphabet. That way, Turks would understand the letters when Kurds use them. In Turkey, language laws are not simply a matter of linguistic debate. Twenty-five years ago, Kurdish separatists began fighting for an independent Kurdistan in southeast Turkey. The government crushed all expressions of Kurdish identity, especially the Kurdish language. But today, the government is promoting reconciliation including Kurdish language rights. Kurdish would be allowed in political campaigning and convicts could speak Kurdish while relatives visit them in prison. But “Kurdifying” the Turkish language may be a step too far for public opinion. Henri Barkey, with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, says those three letters are unlikely to make it into the Turkish alphabet.
HENRI BARKEY: Formal inclusion is anathema to Turkish nationalists who for many years, and maybe to this day, still believe that Kurds do not exist and they do not have a right to have their language recognized.
BRUNWASSER: Like most important matters in Turkey, Q, W and X are discussed over glasses of strong black tea. We’re in the meeting place of the Grey Wolves, a far right Turkish nationalist group. The young men gathered here oppose what the government calls its Kurdish initiative. Mirach Karakalukchu [PH] is a soldier stationed in the restive southeast. He says Kurds who use their own alphabet should be prosecuted.
MIRACH KARAKALUKCHU: [speaking Turkish] Of course they deserve to be in jail. This is a type of separatism. We have letters from A to Z and if a Q or a W is used that’s not there, they should suffer the full consequences of that.
BRUNWASSER: Osman Baydemir, the Kurdish Mayor of the city of Diyarbakir, certainly did. He used a W in a greeting card for the Kurdish New Year, Nowruz. In Turkish, it’s Novruz. During the trial, Mayor Baydemir asked questions about the court’s staffers’ use of the internet, according to his lawyer Murharrem Erbey.
MUHARREM ERBEY: [speaking Turkish]
BRUNWASSER: Erbey said his client asked everyone, “Do you log onto the justice ministry’s website?” The judge and the prosecutors said yes. Then he asked “What do you type when you go there?” The answer was something like “www dot gov dot TR. Then the mayor said, “Aren’t you breaking the law? Every time you type W three times and you go to the site hundreds of times a day. But when W is used in the Kurdish context it’s a crime.” The case is still making its way through the courts, and while the mayor still faces some 60 other criminal charges in unrelated cases, big changes appear to be in store for what it means to be a Turkish citizen. With encouragement from the European Union, which Turkey wants to join, the government is only reluctantly backing language rights. Henri Barkey of the Carnegie Endowment says the government must maintain its resolve.
BARKEY: The danger for the government is not in following through, but in not following through, because the government has gone out on a limb now, saying they want to introduce a new package of reforms, and they have, as a result, created a huge set of expectations on the part of the Kurdish population. If they go back now on their promise, I think mayhem will ensue. It will be serious, serious divisions in society, and it will be felt at every level
BRUNWASSER: However, expanding the Turkish alphabet is not a solution, according to some grammar specialists here. Turkish and Kurdish, they say, are different languages and their differences cannot be bridged. It would be like adding Chinese characters to American English, they say, just because there are ethnic Chinese US citizens. Turkey doesn’t have a language problem, the experts say. It has a democracy problem.
MAN: [reciting Kurdish alphabet to music]
BRUNWASSER: Kurds are hoping that teaching aids like this one for the Kurdish alphabet will be more readily available in schools. And, that at the very least, using these letters won’t be a criminal offense. For The World, I’m Matthew Brunwasser in Istanbul.
WERMAN: For more items on language, check out our weekly podcast The World in Words. Just go to The World dot org slash language.
Copyright ©2009 PRI’s THE WORLD. All rights reserved. No quotes from the materials contained herein may be used in any media without attribution to PRI’s THE WORLD. This transcript may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, without prior written permission. For further information, please email The World’s Permissions Coordinator at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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