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Taken from: The Cavalier Songs and Ballads of England from 1642 to 1684
Edited by Charles Mackay
With special thanks to: Project Gutenberg
The Cavalier Ballads of England, like the Jacobite Ballads of England and Scotland at a later period, are mines of wealth for the student of the history and social manners of our ancestors. The rude but often beautiful political lyrics of the early days of the Stuarts were far more interesting and important to the people who heard or repeated them, than any similar compositions can be in our time.
When the printing press was the mere vehicle of polemics for the educated minority, and when the daily journal was neither a luxury of the poor, a necessity of the rich, nor an appreciable power in the formation and guidance of public opinion, the song and the ballad appealed to the passion, if not to the intellect of the masses, and instructed them in all the leading events of the time.
In our day the people need no information of the kind, for they procure it from the more readily available and more copious if not more reliable, source of the daily and weekly press. The song and ballad have ceased to deal with public affairs. No new ones of the kind are made except as miserable parodies and burlesques that may amuse sober costermongers and half-drunken men about town, who frequent music saloons at midnight, but which are offensive to every one else. Such genuine old ballads as remain in the popular memory are either fast dying out, or relate exclusively to the never-to-be-superseded topics of love, war, and wine.
The people of our day have little heart or appreciation for song, except in Scotland and Ireland. England and America are too prosaic and too busy, and the masses, notwithstanding all their supposed advantages in education, are much too vulgar to delight in either song or ballad that rises to the dignity of poetry. They appreciate the buffooneries of the "Negro Minstrelsy," and the inanities and the vapidities of sentimental love songs, but the elegance of such writers as Thomas Moore, and the force of such vigorous thinkers and tender lyrists as Robert Burns, are above their sphere, and are left to scholars in their closets and ladies in their drawing- rooms.
The case was different among our ancestors in the memorable period of the struggle for liberty that commenced in the reign of Charles I. The Puritans had the pulpit on their side, and found it a powerful instrument. The Cavaliers had the song writers on theirs, and found them equally effective. And the song and ballad writers of that day were not always illiterate versifiers. Some of them were the choicest wits and most accomplished gentlemen of the nation. As they could not reach the ears of their countrymen by the printed book, the pamphlet, or the newspaper, nor mount the pulpit and dispute with Puritanism on its own ground and in its own precincts, they found the song, the ballad, and the epigram more available among a musical and song-loving people such as the English then were, and trusted to these to keep up the spirit of loyalty in the evil days of the royal cause, to teach courage in adversity, and cheerfulness in all circumstances, and to ridicule the hypocrites whom they could not shame, and the tyrants whom they could not overthrow.
Though many thousands of these have been preserved in the King's Pamphlets in the British Museum, and in other collections which have been freely ransacked for the materials of the following pages, as many thousands more have undoubtedly perished. Originally printed as broadsides, and sold for a halfpenny at country fairs, it used to be the fashion of the peasantry to paste them up in cupboards, or on the backs of doors, and farmers' wives, as well as servant girls and farm labourers, who were able to read, would often paste them on the lids of their trunks, as the best means of preserving them.
This is one reason why so many of them have been lost without recovery. To Sir W. C. Trevelyan literature is indebted for the restoration of a few of these waifs and strays, which he found pasted in an old trunk of the days of Cromwell, and which he carefully detached and presented to the British Museum. But a sufficient number of these flying leaves of satire, sentiment, and loyalty have reached our time, to throw a curious and instructive light upon the feelings of the men who resisted the progress of the English Revolution; and who made loyalty to the person of the monarch, even when the monarch was wrong, the first of the civic virtues.
In the superabundance of the materials at command, as will be seen from the appended list of books and MSS. which have been consulted and drawn upon to form this collection, the difficulty was to keep within bounds, and to select only such specimens as merited a place in a volume necessarily limited, by their celebrity, their wit, their beauty, their historical interest, or the light they might happen to throw on the obscure biography of the most remarkable actors in the scenes which they describe. It would be too much to claim for these ballads the exalted title of poetry. They are not poetical in the highest sense of the word, and possibly would not have been so effective for the purpose which they were intended to serve, if their writers had been more fanciful and imaginative, or less intent upon what they had to say than upon the manner of saying it.
But if not extremely poetical, they are extremely national, and racy of the soil; and some of them are certain to live as long as the language which produced them. For the convenience of reference and consultation they have been arranged chronologically; beginning with the discontents that inaugurated the reign of Charles I., and following regularly to the final, though short-lived, triumph of the Cavalier cause, in the accession of James II. After his ill-omened advent to the throne, the Cavalier became the Jacobite.
In this collection no Jacobite songs, properly so called, are included, it being the intention of the publishers to issue a companion volume, of the Jacobite Ballads of England, from the accession of James II. to the battle of Culloden, should the public receive the present volume with sufficient favour to justify the venture.
The Editor cannot, in justice to previous fellow-labourers, omit to record his obligation to the interesting volume, with its learned annotations, contributed by Mr Thomas Wright to the Percy Society; or to another and equally valuable collection, edited by Mr J. O. Halliwell.
| Song Index | Home Page |
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You may be familiar with Gladwell’s previous books, The Tipping Point, Blink, and Outliers; all on the best sellers lists. What the Dog Saw is a collection of his articles from The New Yorker magazine over the past decade. The articles are not overly long, generally 20 pages or so, which is nice if you’re looking for quick reading. Gladwell has arranged the articles in categories, but they do not need to be read in any order; each one stands on its own merit.
What I enjoy about Gladwell is that he can take a subject, perhaps something that you have never really thought about, like ketchup or hair color, and draw you in. He reveals the history and background of a subject to give you a glimpse of the story behind it. His tone is conversational; you feel as though you’re reading a fictional story, but these articles are actually well-researched works of non-fiction. Some of the articles may have been more apropos when they were first published, but most of them are timeless works that will appeal to anyone.
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Football and Higher Education
Football originated on American campuses, and its 150-year history reflects the vibrant, uneasy relation between sports and higher education. The first "big time" college sport, football became a media spectacle in the 1890s, and since then critics have debated the game's violence, educational merits, commercial trappings, and bearing on college admissions policies. The course will move from the 19th century to the present, tracing the sport's cultural meanings, its relation to class identity and gender roles, and its educational mission, including the sport's regulation by the NCAA. We will take an interdisciplinary approach to these issues, and readings will include literary and secondary works by William Bowen, Robert Lipsyte, Michael Oriard, and Murray Sperber.
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Want to call the lottery to see if your lucky numbers hit? From now on, it's going to cost you.
People dialing the Maryland Lottery for a recording of the winning numbers are being referred to a new 900 phone number. Calls to it cost 45 cents a minute; a typical call may last one to two minutes.
The lottery quietly replaced its toll-free local and 800 telephone numbers with a 900 line that operated for its first full day yesterday.
"It's outrageous, don't you think?" asked Lotto player Walter Holtz, a retired police officer from Severna Park. "You mean to tell me that people that play the lottery, who have been playing all their lives, got to pay on their phone bill to find out if they won?"
"Tacky," said state Sen. Barbara A. Hoffman, who learned of the 900 line from a reporter.
"The lottery takes in tons of money from these citizens, and I don't think they should have to pay 45 cents a minute for information," said Hoffman, a Baltimore Democrat and chairwoman of the Senate committee that oversees the lottery budget.
Players spend more than $1 billion a year on various lottery games, returning an estimated $459 million to state coffers.
Lottery spokesman Carroll H. Hynson Jr. said the agency ended its free phone service because it was costly and the 900 line offered an opportunity to make a profit.
"It was a pure business decision," he said. The "lottery administration" decided to make the switch, he said, and "probably" mentioned it to legislators during their last session.
The free phone numbers had cost the lottery from $70,000 to $80,000 a year, he said. But the 900 number is expected to earn from $500,000 to $750,000 for the state.
That profit estimate, which Hynson called "conservative," takes into account an expected 25 percent to 30 percent decline in calls. The lottery had been receiving an average of 1 million calls a month to its free lines, he said.
Although usually not shy about issuing news releases touting the latest about the lottery, the agency did not announce this change.
Hynson said he knew that players who used the free lines would find out about the 900 line when they dialed the old numbers.
On Thursday, players who called 800-678-9467 and, in the Baltimore area, 764-4528 for winning ticket information began hearing a recording that asked them to call 900-680-5555 at a charge of 45 cents a minute. The 900 number was beset by opening-day glitches and was not fully operational until yesterday.
The new line provides callers an option of current winning numbers, those that hit during the previous six months, and general lottery information.
Hynson said the lottery logged 50 to 100 complaints about the new line yesterday and 20 on Thursday. He did not know how many calls the 900 number received.
Players may continue to obtain the winning numbers for free by visiting stores that sell lottery tickets, listening to radio, watching drawings on WJZ-TV (Channel 13) or calling phone numbers set up by media organizations. (See box). Many newspapers, including The Sun, publish the winning numbers.
Maryland is following the lead of other state lotteries that have adopted 900 numbers for winning ticket information, Hynson said.
Pennsylvania launched its 900 number, which costs callers 50 cents a minute, three weeks ago, said Pennsylvania Lottery spokeswoman Sally Hamady. "We've had our share of complaints. People have called and said it's ridiculous," she said.
The Virginia lottery plans to install two 900 numbers in the future, said spokesman Edward A. Scarborough. That lottery is spending $1.5 million a year on its current toll-free number, which will be phased out.
Hynson said the Maryland Lottery did not seek bids for the 900 line. Instead, the agency asked its long-distance company -- AT&T -- to provide the service.
Get the numbers
Some media organizations provide free information on winning lottery numbers.
* The Baltimore Sun's Sundial 410-783-1800, code 6020
* The Washington Post Haste 202-334-9000, code 7000
* Frederick Sound Source 800-773-5587, code 6
* Delaware State News Phone 302-674-9999, code 5690
* Drawings on WJZ-TV (Channel 13) at 12: 28 p.m. and 7: 56 p.m.
Source: Maryland Lottery
Pub Date: 8/03/96
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Get flash to fully experience Pearltrees
STEM Resources for Teachers
NewSchools is pleased to share this K-12 education technology market map with the entrepreneurial, philanthropic, and education communities. This tool provides a visual representation of ventures currently operating in the education technology market. Funded by the Laura and John Arnold Foundation , NewSchools collaborated with leading experts Michael Horn ( Innosight Institute ) and Anthony Kim ( Education Elements ) to develop the map. NewSchools plans to find an organization that will take on the maintenance and updating of the market map. In the meantime, let us know if there are other organizations that should be added to the map or if you know of updates.
Activity: Robot Basketball Posted on March 18th, 2013 by Mary Lord In this activity, students in grades 5 to 12 learn about accuracy, precision, and simple machines by working in teams to design and build a robotic basketball “player” that can nail a free-throw shot three times in a row.
Hello, We launched Ta-da List back in January of 2005 so everyone could have a fast and free to-do list app in their web browser. There wasn't much out there that was good in 2005.
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Khalid was kept locked in a classroom in his old school in Syria, forced to stand on his feet for two days without food or water, when the men came for him.
He was hung from the ceiling by his wrists and beaten until he passed out.
“I passed out from the severe pain of hanging like that, and from the beating,” he said. “They took turns stubbing out their cigarettes on me.”
Khalid is 15 years old and his story is one of the horrific, first-hand accounts documented in a Save the Children report released Tuesday that calls for the “appalling violations against children” to stop.
The report is the latest by a list of human rights groups to document the abuse, torture and murder of children in the 18-month conflict that has killed more than 20,000 and displaced more than 1.5 million people. Groups like Amnesty International and UN investigators have reported abuses by the Assad regime, its allied militias, and to a lesser extent the rebels.
The 50-page report details the use of electric shocks to torture adults and children, concrete blocks dropped onto the heads of prisoners, and children as young as 11 being stabbed to death.
However, dates and who committed the violent acts aren’t included in the report, and many accounts don’t contain locations.
Human rights groups have repeatedly said the war has left many Syrians traumatized by the violence, and each of the accounts from children in the report includes pleas for the war to stop.
“Almost every child we’ve spoken to has seen family members killed,” the Save the Children report states. “They have seen and experienced things that no child should ever see, and many are deeply traumatized as a result.
“Every crime against children must be recorded to send a clear message to all sides in the conflict that these atrocities will not be tolerated.”
The report gives 18 detailed accounts from children 9 to 17 years old. Hassan, a 14-year-old now living at the Zaatari refugee camp in Jordan, recounted children being used as human shields.
“They know that the people in the town will not shoot their own children,” he told officials with Save the Children.
Hassan lost his cousin and uncle in a rocket attack when it exploded during a funeral they were attending. He said dead bodies were scattered all over the road, dozens by his account.
“Dogs were eating the dead bodies for two days after the massacre,” he said. “There were tons of people in the mosques, too. They were dead, all of them.”
Wael, a 16-year-old in the same refugee camp, said he was arrested along with a group of other children, including a 6-year-old boy who was beaten until he died — punishment against his father, a “wanted” man, for failing to turn himself in. They refused to give the boy food and water for days on end.
“He only survived for three days and then he simply died. They treated his body like a dog.”
A woman named Razan came across two soldiers making a bet “to use something for target practice.” Before she could realize what the bet was for, one of the soldiers shot an 8-year-old boy in the head.
He didn’t die instantly, but was left to suffer in the road while his mother screamed for him from inside their home.
“She wanted to reach her child, but the men kept firing into the street and taunting this mother,” Razan said.
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1. There came from Ch'û to T'ang one Hsü Hsing, who gave out that he acted according to the words of Shan-nang. Coming right to his gate, he addressed the duke Wan, saying, 'A man of a distant region, I have heard that you, Prince, are practising a benevolent government, and I wish to receive a site for a house, and to become one of your people.' The duke Wan gave him a dwelling-place. His disciples, amounting to several tens, all wore clothes of haircloth, and made sandals of hemp and wove mats for a living.
2. At the same time, Ch'an Hsiang, a disciple of Ch'an Liang, and his younger brother, Hsin, with their plough-handles and shares on their backs, came from Sung to T'ang, saying, 'We have heard that you, Prince, are putting into practice the government of the ancient sages, showing that you are likewise a sage. We wish to become the subjects of a sage.'
3. When Ch'an Hsiang saw Hsü Hsing, he was greatly pleased with him, and, abandoning entirely whatever he had learned, became his disciple. Having an interview with Mencius, he related to him with approbation the words of Hsü Hsing to the following effect:-- 'The prince of T'ang is indeed a worthy prince. He has not yet heard, however, the real doctrines of antiquity. Now, wise and able princes should cultivate the ground equally and along with their people, and eat the fruit of their labour. They should prepare their own meals, morning and evening, while at the same time they carry on their government. But now, the prince of T'ang has his granaries, treasuries, and arsenals, which is an oppressing of the people to nourish himself. How can he be deemed a real worthy prince?'
4. Mencius said,'I suppose that Hsü Hsing sows grain and eats the produce. Is it not so?' 'It is so,' was the answer. 'I suppose also he weaves cloth, and wears his own manufacture. Is it not so?' 'No. Hsü wears clothes of haircloth.' 'Does he wear a cap?' 'He wears a cap.' 'What kind of cap?' 'A plain cap.' 'Is it woven by himself?' 'No. He gets it in exchange for grain.' 'Why does Hsü not weave it himself?' 'That would injure his husbandry.' 'Does Hsü cook his food in boilers and earthenware pans, and does he plough with an iron share?' 'Yes.' 'Does he make those articles himself?' 'No. He gets them in exchange for grain.'
5. Mencius then said, 'The getting those various articles in exchange for grain, is not oppressive to the potter and the founder, and the potter and the founder in their turn, in exchanging their various articles for grain, are not oppressive to the husbandman. How should such a thing be supposed? And moreover, why does not Hsü act the potter and founder, supplying himself with the articles which he uses solely from his own establishment? Why does he go confusedly dealing and exchanging with the handicraftsmen? Why does he not spare himself so much trouble?' Ch'an Hsiang replied, 'The business of the handicraftsman can by no means be carried on along with the business of husbandry.'
6. Mencius resumed, 'Then, is it the government of the kingdom which alone can be carried on along with the practice of husbandry? Great men have their proper business, and little men have their proper business. Moreover, in the case of any single individual, whatever articles he can require are ready to his hand, being produced by the various handicraftsmen:-- if he must first make them for his own use, this way of doing would keep all the people running about upon the roads. Hence, there is the saying, "Some labour with their minds, and some labour with their strength. Those who labour with their minds govern others; those who labour with their strength are governed by others. Those who are governed by others support them; those who govern others are supported by them." This is a principle universally recognised.
7. 'In the time of Yâo, when the world had not yet been perfectly reduced to order, the vast waters, flowing out of their channels, made a universal inundation. Vegetation was luxuriant, and birds and beasts swarmed. The various kinds of grain could not be grown. The birds and beasts pressed upon men. The paths marked by the feet of beasts and prints of birds crossed one another throughout the Middle Kingdom. To Yâo alone this caused anxious sorrow. He raised Shun to office, and measures to regulate the disorder were set forth. Shun committed to Yî the direction of the fire to be employed, and Yî set fire to, and consumed, the forests and vegetation on the mountains and in the marshes, so that the birds and beasts fled away to hide themselves. Yü separated the nine streams, cleared the courses of the Tsî and T'â, and led them all to the sea. He opened a vent also for the Zû and Han, and regulated the course of the Hwâ'i and Sze, so that they all flowed into the Chiang. When this was done, it became possible for the people of the Middle Kingdom to cultivate the ground and get food for themselves. During that time, Yü was eight years away from his home, and though he thrice passed the door of it, he did not enter. Although he had wished to cultivate the ground, could he have done so?'
8. 'The Minister of Agriculture taught the people to sow and reap, cultivating the five kinds of grain. When the five kinds of grain were brought to maturity, the people all obtained a subsistence. But men possess a moral nature; and if they are well fed, warmly clad, and comfortably lodged, without being taught at the same time, they become almost like the beasts. This was a subject of anxious solicitude to the sage Shun, and he appointed Hsieh to be the Minister of Instruction, to teach the relations of humanity:-- how, between father and son, there should be affection; between sovereign and minister, righteousness; between husband and wife, attention to their separate functions; between old and young, a proper order; and between friends, fidelity. The high meritorious sovereign said to him, "Encourage them; lead them on; rectify them; straighten them; help them; give them wings:-- thus causing them to become possessors of themselves. Then follow this up by stimulating them, and conferring benefits on them." When the sages were exercising their solicitude for the people in this way, had they leisure to cultivate the ground?
9. 'What Yâo felt giving him anxiety was the not getting Shun. What Shun felt giving him anxiety was the not getting Yü and Kâo Yâo. But he whose anxiety is about his hundred mâu not being properly cultivated, is a mere husbandman.
10. 'The imparting by a man to others of his wealth, is called "kindness." The teaching others what is good, is called "the exercise of fidelity." The finding a man who shall benefit the kingdom, is called "benevolence." Hence to give the throne to another man would be easy; to find a man who shall benefit the kingdom is difficult.
11. 'Confucius said, "Great indeed was Yâo as a sovereign. It is only Heaven that is great, and only Yâo corresponded to it. How vast was his virtue! The people could find no name for it. Princely indeed was Shun! How majestic was he, having possession of the kingdom, and yet seeming as if it were nothing to him!" In their governing the kingdom, were there no subjects on which Yâo and Shun employed their minds? There were subjects, only they did not employ their minds on the cultivation of the ground.
12. 'I have heard of men using the doctrines of our great land to change barbarians, but I have never yet heard of any being changed by barbarians. Ch'an Liang was a native of Ch'û. Pleased with the doctrines of Châu-kung and Chung-nE, he came northwards to the Middle Kingdom and studied them. Among the scholars of the northern regions, there was perhaps no one who excelled him. He was what you call a scholar of high and distinguished qualities. You and your brother followed him some tens of years, and when your master died, you forthwith turned away from him.
13. 'Formerly, when Confucius died, after three vears had elapsed, his disciples collected their baggage, and prepared to return to their several homes. But on entering to take their leave of Tsze-kung, as they looked towards one another, they wailed, till they all lost their voices. After this they returned to their homes, but Tsze-kung went back, and built a house for himself on the altar-ground, where he lived alone other three years, before he returned home. On another occasion, Tsze-hsiâ, Tsze-chang, and Tsze-yû, thinking that Yû Zo resembled the sage, wished to render to him the same observances which they had rendered to Confucius. They tried to force the disciple Tsang to join with them, but he said, "This may not be done. What has been washed in the waters of the Chiang and Han, and bleached in the autumn sun:-- how glistening is it! Nothing can be added to it."
14. 'Now here is this shrike-tongued barbarian of the south, whose doctrines are not those of the ancient kings. You turn away from your master and become his disciple. Your conduct is different indeed from that of the philosopher Tsang.
15. 'I have heard of birds leaving dark valleys to remove to lofty trees, but I have not heard of their descending from lofty trees to enter into dark valleys.
16. 'In the Praise-songs of Lû it is said,
"He smote the barbarians of the west and the north,
He punished Ching and Shû."
Thus Châu-kung would be sure to smite them, and you become their disciple again; it appears that your change is not good.'
17. Ch'an Hsiang said, 'If Hsü's doctrines were followed, then there would not be two prices in the market, nor any deceit in the kingdom. If a boy of five cubits were sent to the market, no one would impose on him; linen and silk of the same length would be of the same price. So it would be with bundles of hemp and silk, being of the same weight; with the different kinds of grain, being the same in quantity; and with shoes which were of the same size.'
18. Mencius replied, 'It is the nature of things to be of unequal quality. Some are twice, some five times, some ten times, some a hundred times, some a thousand times, some ten thousand times as valuable as others. If you reduce them all to the same standard, that must throw the kingdom into confusion. If large shoes and small shoes were of the same price, who would make them? For people to follow the doctrines of Hsü, would be for them to lead one another on to practise deceit. How can they avail for the government of a State?'
1. The Mohist, Î Chih, sought, through Hsü Pî, to see Mencius. Mencius said, 'I indeed wish to see him, but at present I am still unwell. When I am better, I will myself go and see him. He need not come here again.'
2. Next day, Î Chih again sought to see Mencius. Mencius said, 'To-day I am able to see him. But if I do not correct his errors, the true principles will not be fully evident. Let me first correct him. I have heard that this Î is a Mohist. Now Mo considers that in the regulation of funeral matters a spare simplicity should be the rule. Î thinks with Mo's doctrines to change the customs of the kingdom;-- how does he regard them as if they were wrong, and not honour them? Notwithstanding his views, Î buried his parents in a sumptuous manner, and so he served them in the way which his doctrines discountenance.'
3. The disciple Hsü informed Î of these remarks. Î said, 'Even according to the principles of the learned, we find that the ancients acted towards the people "as if they were watching over an infant." What does this expression mean? To me it sounds that we are to love all without difference of degree; but the manifestation of love must begin with our parents.' Hsü reported this reply to Mencius, who said, 'Now, does Î really think that a man's affection for the child of his brother is merely like his affection for the infant of a neighbour? What is to be approved in that expression is simply this:-- that if an infant crawling about is likely to fall into a well, it is no crime in the infant. Moreover, Heaven gives birth to creatures in such a way that they have one root, and Î makes them to have two roots. This is the cause of his error.
4. 'And, in the most ancient times, there were some who did not inter their parents. When their parents died, they took them up and threw them into some water-channel. Afterwards, when passing by them, they saw foxes and wild-cats devouring them, and flies and gnats biting at them. The perspiration started out upon their foreheads, and they looked away, unable to bear the sight. It was not on account of other people that this perspiration flowed. The emotions of their hearts affected their faces and eyes, and instantly they went home, and came back with baskets and spades and covered the bodies. If the covering them thus was indeed right, you may see that the filial son and virtuous man, in interring in a handsome manner their parents, act according to a proper rule.'
5. The disciple Hsü informed Î of what Mencius had said. Î was thoughtful for a short time, and then said, 'He has instructed me.'
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“Until the lions have their own historian,
the tales of the hunt will always glorify the hunter.”
– Kenyan Proverb
Professor Edey-Rhodes’ training is in African and African-American History. She joined the department in 1976 as an adjunct lecturer in African-American History, later advancing to a full‑time position. In addition to teaching courses that were already part of the curriculum, she introduced History of the Civil Rights Movement, History of Blacks in New York, History and Philosophy of Malcolm X, and History of African-American Women. Although most of the courses she has developed and taught in the department have been more specific to the African American experience, a good deal of her research involves Africa. Her recent research focuses on the American Committee on Africa with special reference to its African-American participation and anti‑apartheid activity in South Africa.
Professor Edey‑Rhodes was a consultant to the Division of Museum Services, Nassau County Dept. of Recreation and Parks, for curatorial planning and exhibit coordination for the Museum's African-American programs. She was also a consultant for historical accuracy for the Lefferts Historical House in Brooklyn, New York. In addition, she conducted research on Sarah Smith Tompkins Garnet, an African‑American 19th century teacher. This research was used in support of the application for landmark status by the Weeksville Historical Society of Brooklyn.
Professor Edey‑Rhodes plays a major role in activities within the department. She serves as fieldwork coordinator, and organizer of Black Solidarity Day. She was the liaison between the Tavis Smiley Foundation and Hunter College in the planning and implementation of the New York City Youth 2 Leaders Conference in 2002. Professor Edey‑Rhodes was also one of the driving forces behind the revival of Black History Month at Hunter College. In cooperation with the President, Provost and Dean of Diversity, the Department has brought several nationally renowned speakers to Hunter College, attracting large sections of the Hunter and outside communities. Professor Edey‑Rhodes acts as advisor to the Black Students Union and advised the Haitian Students Association during their bi‑centennial celebrations. She is a member of the department’s curriculum committee and serves on the FDA. She currently serves as mentor to several CUNY‑BA students and has previously mentored both Mellon and McNair scholars.
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The holiday season is coming to a close and the 2012 year is nearing. This means that many individuals will begin deciding the age old tradition on new year’s resolutions. These resolutions are meant to help make our new year worth while. However, according to a recent poll, more than 54% of individuals drop their resolution after the second half of the year. What’s the common reason behind forgoing resolutions? Not planning on things to keep you committed for the long term. Today, we’ll offer a nice list of the top eight iPhone applications for helping you keep resolutions for the 2012 year.
The Locavore application is an ultimate application for the new years. Not only does it promote healthy eating, but you are also helping the environment and saving money. Locavore, which means someone who eats locally grown foods, encourages healthy eating and decrease carbon footprint due to the fact that the food you’re eating travels less distances, promoting a better environment. You are also helping out local businesses, a great way to boost your local economy.
Locavore (iTunes link)
2. Nike Training Club
A big resolution on the list of many individuals is a healthier 2011. This can be in the form of exercise for some people. However, without the added encouragement, it can be a lot harder to get the motivation to exercise continually. Nike Training Club is your free personal trainer in your iPhone. The application offers easy to learn routines, tips from celebrity trainers, and step by step exercises based on your weight loss goal. Nike Training Club shows you that you don’t need to spend a much to lose a lot.
Nike Training Club (iTunes link)
When resolving to eat healthier for 2012, you may choose to eat out less or cook healthier, but where does eating healthier begin? Eating healthier begins when shopping at the grocery store. There are so many products labeled healthy, whole grain, and organic, but what do these terms really mean? Fooducate is your personal Dietitian in your pocket. Simply scan the barcode of an item in the grocery store. Fooducate will then give you a letter grade, calories per serving, warnings, and even better alternatives. This application makes healthy eating not only easier, but also fun.
Fooducate (iTunes link)
4. Lose It!
Any iPhone user losing weight should not only know about Lose It!, but to also make the application their best friend. Lose It! for iPhone is not just a weight loss log, but a lifestyle log as well. The application has a food log feature that allows you to know what foods affect your caloric budget the most and how much exercise helps decrease your intake. The application also encourages more activity by providing badges for good, healthy activities and eating. To prevent falling off the wagon, Lose It! reminds you when to log in your meals or activities. Lose It! allows you to share your progress through social networking websites and even view reports online. Lose It! makes a healthy lifestyle easier to obtain.
Lose It! (iTunes link)
5. Learn a Language with Michel Thomas
A commonly broken resolution for New Year is learning something new. One of the most common things to learn for the year is a new language. Nothing impresses the significant other more than ordering in French at the hottest French restaurant in town. Learn a Language with Michel Thomas is a great application for staying committed to language learning. Michel Thomas, an acclaimed linguist, helps you to learn a language the natural way, not through repetition and memorization. The current languages available are French, Spanish, German, and Italian. While the application is free to download, you must pay per lesson, allowing you to learn at your own pace.
Learn a Language with Michel Thomas (iTunes link)
Quitting an addiction is not only an amazing resolution, but also a lifesaving one. Quitter for iPhone helps you to quit an addiction through motivation. Quitter offers motivation by showing how far you’ve gone and how much money you’ve saved from not indulging in your addiction. Quitter can help any addiction, from smoking to candy. To track how much you’ve saved and for how long, simply enter when you began your resolution, how many units of the addiction you used a day, and how much it costs per unit. Quitter helps you to see the benefits of quitting.
Quitter (iTunes link)
Most New Year’s resolutions are about helping us and having a better year for ourselves. However, the best resolution is one that can help other individuals. Catalista is the application that helps you to become a good Samaritan for the 2012 year. The application helps you find great non-profits near you to volunteer your time. Catalista bases your recommendations on what you enjoy doing, when you’re available, and where you are. You can also pass the gift on by sharing an opportunity on Facebook or through email. Catalista helps you to help others throughout the year.
Catalista (iTunes link)
With the current economic condition of the country, getting a better handle on your finances is the best resolution for many people. Mint for iPhone does this by asking you to add your financial information, including credit card information and bank accounts. The application automatically pushes information from these accounts and tracks your spending. But that’s not the best of the application.
Mint also bases what is left in your account to create a budget for you. You can also get reminders for paying bills, and track cash spending through manual additions.
Mint (iTunes link)
Which apps do you use to keep your New Year’s resolution in check?
Image credit: Big Stock Photo
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Wasting EU subsidies on harmful activities
The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) currently accounts for over 40% of the total EU Budget. In spite of the vast amount of taxpayers’ money involved, three quarters of the CAP budget continues to be spent without clear links to the delivery of public goods. In the UK alone, it is estimated that between EUR 1.3 – 3.8 billion (GBP 1 – 3 billion) a year is needed for environmental land management to pay for environmental policy commitments including biodiversity targets, Water Framework Directive requirements, climate change mitigation, and flood risk management. This is considerably more than the money currently available within the UK’s CAP Budget that is currently spent on the environment, but is comparable to the amount paid in direct payments each year.
The UK produces some of the safest drinking water in the world. However, it costs water companies at least EUR 163.9 million (GBP 129 million) in England and Wales alone to remove diffuse pollution from water – costs that are passed on to customers in higher water bills. Using CAP funds to reduce water pollution at the source would help cut these costs. Achieving good water quality by 2015 would bring economic benefits of EUR 1.3 – 4.8 billion (GBP 1 – 3.8 billion) a year to English and Welsh households.
Investing EU fund for Future Benefits
In 2000, the RSPB (Birdlife UK) purchased Hope Farm. It is a medium-sized profitable arable farm like any other. It is conventionally managed like 95% of all arable farms in England, with a typical rotation of winter sown wheat, oilseed rape, and spring sown beans. Yet, what makes it remarkable is the recovery of farmland bird numbers. The use of agri-environment schemes has led to the “farmland bird indicator”—the combined trend in numbers of a suite of farmland birds—rocketing by 200% over the last 10 years. This environmental improvement has been achieved while increasing food production and without affecting profits, proving that changes in farming practices can protect biodiversity and the farmer’s livelihood.
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The other day, for some inexplicable reason, a Web site that uses responses to personal questions as password protection stopped accepting one of my answers. “It just doesn’t seem to like this word anymore,” the tech assist told me.
But how many different ways can you answer a question like, “What was the first car you owned?” Obviously, I couldn’t change the first car I owned (unless my current car is a time-traveling DeLorean).
But she made a brilliant point. Since the Web site doesn’t know if my answer is correct, I could put in anything. In fact, she pointed out, a good security tip is to answer incorrectly.
Her reasoning was this: With so much information out there online, people can pretty easily find things like your mother’s maiden name, your pet’s name, your high school mascot and so forth — all of which are common security questions.
But wait — wouldn’t it be hard to recall the correct passwords if they had nothing to do with the prompts?
Not necessarily, she said. She gave an example of one gentleman who answered every question with his favorite flavor. So if a site asked him for his mother’s maiden name, he would enter something like “Butterscotch.” Favorite pet? Butterscotch. Elementary school he attended? Butterscotch.
It makes passwords easy to remember and hard to break. Of course, there is one glaring defect. If someone does get your password, that person has access to every Web site you use.
I know this is no substitute for a really strong password like one you would get from a random password generator, but realistically, how many of those jumbles can you remember? And as we know, writing them down is a bad practice.
So while a non sequitur as an answer may not be the ultimate defense, for many it would improve on what they have.
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The skill of relating experiences covers a broad area. Basically, it has to do with their ability to relay a story to you. For example "BubTar hit me!" or "KayTar go (went) outside." KayTar cannot do this, but she does something that almost mirrors it. Remember when we went on the walk the other day and I said she continued to talk about it? That was a true statement, but she was not talking about it to us, she was talking to herself. She wasn't trying to relate the experience, she was replaying it for herself, word for word as it happened. "I see cat! Where cat? Meow." and so on. An observer might say, "She's telling you she saw a cat! That counts!" but it doesn't actually count, because she is just rehearsing the exact same scene to herself. That falls under echolalia/scripting rather than relating experiences; my hearing about it the experience is just a by-product from watching her recreate the scene for herself. We are in no way involved in the equation, unless I had a part in the initial activity, then she will expect me to repeat my lines, or echo her lines. She never purposefully relates and experience to me. She doesn't know how to, and truly, she doesn't feel the need to do so.
Remember in the Party in My Crib post where KayTar conveyed to me what was happening? As in, "Fall down! Mama! Fall DOWN!" when her Chicken went MIA? What I didn't include write is that I went in her room due to her crying out "Chicken! WAAAAAAHHHHH! Chicken!" about 10 times before that exchange. I found Chicken on the floor and said, "Oh no. Did Chicken fall down? Yes, Chicken fall down. Can you say that? Say 'Chicken fall down.'" and had her copy me each time I went in. It eventually evolved into "Fall down! Mama! Fall down!" because she knew that is what I wanted her to say. She wasn't spontaneously telling me what happened, she was repeating what I taught her to say to elicit a response from me. If I had said, "Did Chicken fall down?" she couldn't and wouldn't respond with "Yes." she would parrot "Fall down." (which you will notice are the last two words I said, not a spontaneous reply either) because she doesn't understand what really happened, she just memorized what she is SUPPOSED to say. Much like when she says "A-gah ka-sanks." when she tries to give me something and I prompt, "What do you say?" she adjusts it to "Take it!" because that is the expected set of words for the occassion, not because she really grasps the meaning.
Another difference I've mentioned before is that she can't answer the questions, "What?" or "Why?" even with the aid of her scripting. She just can't fathom it at all. She just parrots the questions right back at us. It makes these conversations fun:
Me: Help what?
Her: Help PLEASE.
Me: No, help please WHAT? What do you want help with?
Her: Help please.
Me: What are you doing? What do you want me to do?
Me: Do you need help?
Me: Why do you need help?
Me: Do you want me to help you?
Her: Help you!
Me: No, Mommy help KayTar....what?
Her: Help KayTar.
Me: Help KayTar what?
Her: Help KayTar please.
Me: What do you need Mommy to do?
Me: Show me.
Her: Show me.
Me: I don't know, baby.
Her: *long pause* Help please!
Me: *pulling hair out at roots*
She has recently started to come up to us and say, "Walk!" and walk away expecting us to follow her. She glances over her shoulder to make sure we are following and then she takes us to what she needs or wants. She can't do it when asked, "Show me." or "What?" but she takes action of her own accord because of the deficits in her verbal skills. The action is not tied to any words, it just stems from her reaching her frustration level with the lack of communication and has learned that making us follow her is easier than trying to use words she doesn't truly understand. I'm trying to attach words to it for her, by saying, "Are you showing me?" (to which she replies, "Show-n me.") while we are walking or "What do you want help with? Oh! You want help with your puzzle. Say 'Help with puzzle!'" Eventually she will make the connections.
I know it sounds incredibly picky and perhaps like it shouldn't matter at all, but it extremely important when interacting with her. There is a forced/halted feel to our interactions. I have to say the exact same things to get a response. It feels like she and I are in a play everyday where the lines don't change. The action sequences change, but the same lines are applied no matter what. Or, like I've mentioned before, it is like talking to a foreigner who has a mental English translation dictionary full of "helpful phrases" that are used over and over. It is a huge list at this point, large enough to fool people into thinking it is fully understood, purposeful speech, but it is still largely regurgitation.
An example of a conversation she only understands one way:
Me: What is your name?
Me: Who are you?
Her: A-jou. (are you)
Me: *touching her chest with my pointer finger* Who is this?"
Her: TiTar! (KayTar!)
Explaining this makes me feel kind of neurotic, like I am looking for something to be wrong when there really isn't. BubandPie hit the nail on the head the other day in this post, "I feel vaguely embarrassed, as if I've been revealed as some sort of Munchhausen-by-proxy mother, seeking attention by obsessing over her child's minor quirks." But the truth is, there is something wrong, it just hides itself well. KayTar has mastered "Fake it 'til you make it." This causes problems in a myriad of ways, because unlike 6 months ago when she had only a few words and her delays were obvious, now they are subversive. It takes a very detailed and close look at her to realize what she is doing. Her echolalia is not the meaningless repetition of a word over and over for self-stimming purposes, it is intricate. She has hundreds of memorized scripts for various situations and has learned to use them well without really fully understanding them. She does understand certain things, I don't mean to imply she is completely clueless with her speech. However, for each thing she does understand there are two to three additional things that she can give the appearance of understanding without really grasping it. The biggest issue will be qualifying for district services, I'm going to have to push for a really thorough evaluation or it could easily be missed. The ST said if she doesn't continue to receive services it will definitely affect her academics. She also said that most people will continue to think KayTar is age appropriate and therefore have unrealistic expectations of her abilities. The girl puts on a good show! It reinforces how intelligent she is, because even though she really doesn't understand language, she has found a method to use it as a tool in spite of that. Most toddlers understand more than they can speak, KayTar speaks more than she understands.
This morning we had the following exchange:
Her: Tiny! Tiny duck.
Me: Is your duck tiny?
Her: Tiny duck.
Me: Is tiny big or little?
Me: Is tiny little or big?
And this one as well:
Me: KayTar, get the remote.
Her: A-mote. *mimicking button pushing with her thumb* (I don't know if this is an actual sign or not. LOL.)
Me: Can you get it? It is on the table. *pointing*
Her: Table *pointing in same direction, but at nothing*
Me: It is black, see it?
Her: See it.
Me: Can you get it?
Her: Get it.
BubTar: Here's the remote, Mom.
He gets tired of our jabbering at times and steps in to "help". The point of course was not my inability to get the remote, it was to see if KayTar could figure how to follow the command, even if I had to continue to give additional clues or even walk over and put my hand on it to help her find it.
The solution is of course, continued speech therapy, as well as continued work with her at home. The goal is now to teach her concepts rather than word absorption; instead of getting her to just say "Blue block." I need to ask, "Is the blue block INSIDE the box or outside the box?" or "Are the fish in the water or in the sky?" or "Do birds fly or swim?". When reading books, I need to ask, "Is the boy jumping or sleeping?" She also suggested taking a series of photographs when we are out and about and print them later for KayTar to look through with us while we give her words to describe the experience, "We went to the park. KayTar went down the slide. We saw a flower. We walked home." She said initially, she will regurgitate, but eventually the concepts will sink in and she will become competent in in her speech. Right now, if I had to give a percentage of her vocabulary she truly understands, I'd have a really hard time. She understands 100% of labeling...but concepts are much lower, definitely below 50%, maybe closer to 10% even at this moment in time. I'd say out of everything that comes out of her mouth in a day, she truly understands an average of 50% of it, maybe. These are super rough approximations, though...definitely not scientific in anyway.
In spite of this, she surprises me at times. Last night she had her half empty block crate and she said, "Fish-e-water! Splash splash!" clearly pretending her hand was a fish and the crate was a tank. Later she held her hand like a fishing pole and said "Fishing! Reeee big fish!" and held her hand up like she had caught something. And still later, she pretended the crate was some sort of trough and she pretended to eat out of it much like a pig...this one evolved into it being a box of sandwiches, "Mmmm. Sa-wich! Eat it." Whether the words are from something she has previously witnessed or not (I have no clue if they were), she came up with the imaginative situations all on her own, pretending that something clearly meant for one thing served several totally different purposes. She played out several different scenarios using the same prop, with no suggestion from anyone as to what it might be. This is the first 100% spontaneous imaginative play I've ever seen her engage in. It was pretty amazing. Today she did it again with Legos and the top of the toybox. The Legos were a car, and the toybox was the road. "I racing. Vroom vroom. Racing." She also called the living room a "playground" and pretended to go down a slide and swing on a swing, exclaiming "Wheee!". New things are emerging all the time for her.
Again, if you finished this, gold star! I don't know how much sense it made for people who haven't actually interacted with her, but it was the best summary I could give of what her verbal deficits are like and what they mean for us in day to day situations. It all still feels very jumbled and blurred, but I hope this made things a bit clearer. I didn't include examples of her accurate speech, because I was trying to represent the portions that stand out as abnormal. Her speech is not 100% abnormal, and I don't want to mislead anyone into thinking it is. I also don't mean for this to downplay her verbal explosion in any way, because that is extremely exciting and we couldn't be more thrilled about it. This is just the other side of the coin for her, what it means to have a vocabulary that exceeds her understanding and how it plays out in her daily life. It is important that I learn to explain these things, because soon, I'll be explaining it to the district evaluators and a new set of therapists and teachers. I hope by that time I've learned to say it in fewer words. ;)
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Fwd: Theo's presentation on exploit prevention
From: Bas Alberts (bas.alberts_at_immunitysec.com)
Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2004 20:55:37 -0400 To: firstname.lastname@example.org
Some interesting comments on pro-active security appeared on the daily
dave just now.
Pasted for your convenience:
[Dailydave] Theo's presentation on exploit prevention
pageexec at freemail.hu pageexec at freemail.hu
Theo's presentation on exploit prevention or the siren sang again.
lest we die in ignorance though, let's look at that song.
we're getting lured into the belief that something genuine is going to
happen here. we're about to learn how the OpenBSD project smartened up
finally and copied the intrusion prevention technologies that others had
developed in the previous few years and more! we're promised a much more
hostile system environment and backwards compatibility, no less.
one begins to suspect why the stupid greek sailors all died in the end.
here we learn in more detail about the noble goals of this effort. it's
not quite clear how one's supposed to not break behaviour that the apps
depend on while still prevent the exploits from making use of the same
behaviour... but let's not rush ahead so fast. we're going to follow
POSIX and still do nasty nasty things to those attackers - or so the
let's cut to the meat! buffer overflows. to add insult to injury, it's
the stack based ones. oh, not THEM again. we thought we'd been past that
for years now! while marveling at the beauty of the 1000th buffer overflow
depiction we keep wondering when the OpenBSD Team will eventually learn
about the clever attacker that is exploiting more than buffer overflows.
anyway, let's look at this old buddy again. we learn that the buffer is
ALWAYS at the same place. how nice. how secure. stuff like environment
strings, program arguments and whatnot surely have no role in the stack
pointer value. apparently not on OpenBSD. proactive insecurity, isn't it.
so what shall we do about it? shift the stack by a random amount! where,
how, how much? apparently on OpenBSD the top of the stack is what normal
mortals consider the bottom of it... honest to god mistake, we understand
where the real gap is. at the bottom. no pun intended.
and then look at those failures! all due to that unbelievable 15 bits of
randomness OpenBSD managed to cram into that space! and we learn that all
this costs us at most one physical page of RAM. what we don't learn is
that it also costs us 256 kB of virtual address space (or more precisely,
whatever our admin deemed acceptable for his sense of security), but we
have got plenty of that and as we'll see later, it's a drop in the water
only (we're sailors, don't miss the pun!) compared to what will follow
later. so, what is 15 bits of randomness worth really? at one attempt
a second, it's less than half a day on average (assuming we're actually
going for the full 15 bits and can't get away with less), for stuff that
forks only it's even guaranteed in that time. on localhost it's a matter
and you're wondering why other vendors haven't picked it up (one wonders
where OpenBSD picked it up from). maybe because they can count further
than 15. what about 24, or 32 or whatever the address space reasonably
allows? sounds better, doesn't it.
here we learn about the fantastic japanese stuff (great sailors of their
time) that many in the world, including OpenBSD, have blissfully ignored
for... a few years at least. but now they have rediscovered the precious,
and it's all theirs and theirs and... we get this stack overflow focus
again. the one ring that binds them all. and we forget about information
leaking bugs that render this and other randomization based approaches
pretty vulnerable to attack. we also forget about localhost where we get
unexpected help for this: the kernel (and the nice bugs in it). the best
use of SSP is in the kernel itself. having a single canary value sitting
like a duck for the uptime of the system is the best idea men, err, sirens
could come up with. having it change per process and syscall crosses only
the minds of mad sailors.
we can see that SSP found a few exploitable bugs. but where are the
advisories? surely not swept under the carpet, right?
W^X! no, we didn't want to curse at you, honest! this pearl is the OpenBSD
attempt at PaX a few years late (, ), and on the surface it actually
does what it promises: separate writable (not writeable) pages from
executable ones unless the program Wants Just That. problem is that as
any female reader can attest, a boy Wants Just That. including those
badass blackhats who dare to challenge the security of OpenBSD. and since
the OpenBSD Team made it the policy to obey the program's wishes, they
stand a chance to actually wish something very pleasant. no, not that
(that fish is thorny, not horny), just a r00t shell or the like. but
let's do things at their own pace.
we've got a bunch of messy diagrams here, no wonder no sailor has ever
found his way back from here. looks like the author got lost too and
confused things like ctors/dtors with the C++ language constructs
(__attribute__((constructor)) is not at all equivalent to C++ class
first we see that the black sheep in the family a.k.a. the stack (it
can't even identify its own bottom as we saw above) is executable. and
all that because someone put the signal trampoline there. so they
move it to its own page, adding a whole bunch of logic to the kernel
instead of figuring out that libc could very well host it in its own
.text, not unlike how any Linux system has been doing it for a few
then come other evil animals that also host writable and executable
pages. getting rid of them is a matter of splitting them up into their
own pages so they fall into either of the allowed categories. or change
between them. as the runtime linker or the application (read: attacker)
wish. not to mention that mprotect'ing the GOT/PLT on every lazily
resolved entry must surely be a huge performance benefit and clearly
superior to the PT_GNU_RELRO approach preferred by RedHat .
last but not least we get to hear about the sad story of i386 where
per-page non-executable rights are just an impossibility. they seriously
mean it. look at that monster address space layout. if you consider the
fragmentation and waste you realize that the 256 kB stack gap pales in
comparison. while not exactly the semantics one would expect under POSIX,
we'll happily forgive it because this implementation offers us a true
gem. the userland code segment comes in only two sizes, and while most
people learn early to not put all their eggs in one basket (both code
segment descriptors in the GDT), this old adage has apparently fallen
on the collective deaf ears of the OpenBSD Team. so what this allows our
hypothetical attacker to do is a simple return to a 'retf' instruction
that will further return to the injected shellcode in the all-executable
code segment... voila, proactive security at its best.
here we are told that i386 is not all that bad provided one uses its
64 bit cousin and learns to program in PAE mode. apparently the latter
is a serious challenge for the OpenBSD Team (read: they couldn't just
lift the code from FreeBSD). so the sirens are now trying to lure the
unsuspecting vendors into implementing yet another way of doing
non-executable pages, as if it wasn't already messy enough.
so what did W^X buy us? security! performance! compatibility! we! all!
believe! in! sirens! obviously something's wrong here. security concerns
were discussed above, performance numbers can be hardly argued without
actually having them... so let's see compatibility. nothing breaks. sure,
X didn't break either then. including its homegrown module loader that
every non-executable page implementation ran into over time. and there're
no OpenBSD specific defines for this reason in the X module loader code
either. 'cos nothing broke. honest. at least it's fixed now.
what about JIT engines like in Java? we are told that on split I-D cache
systems they would not have worked anyway without proper use of msync and
mprotect. weird, i386 has split caches yet it's never ever needed any of
these to generate code at runtime. obviously the problem is not the split
cache itself but that it's not coherent on every system (and some systems
offer simple userland accessible primitives for flushing the caches, no
need for expensive syscalls at all).
this one is a true gem as well: library order randomization. we are led
to believe that it's a worthwile effort. let's see... 'n' libraries can
be loaded in n! order, that's a nice exponential value in 'n' (one would
think of more than 'n' bits of extra randomness that an attacker has to
get right). question is whether that is its true security value as well
or not. considering that an attacker normally wants to use a single
library in a ret-to-libc style attack (libc... get it?), we can easily
conclude that for this purpose the load order will be 'right' once in
every 'n' attempt. that in turn means that all this gained is log(n)
bits of extra randomization... hardly worth a mention at all, not to
mention its cost in code complexity and performance impact in ld.so.
then we're shown the 'wee bit' of virtual address space that is wasted
in library base address randomization. heavily fragmented all 256 MB of
it. double that as the waste is mirrored above the executable limit as
well (most if not all libraries contain both code and data). that's
1/6th of the entire address space. a wee bit understated, indeed.
confused yet? rhetorical question but see, those dumb attackers really
are, no question about it. they're facing incredible amounts of entropy,
they can no longer execute their payload, and worst, they are stuck at
these classic buffer overflows! of course information leaking bugs are
unheard of in siren land, as are non-linear overflows. and the many
kinds of memory corruption bugs that the creative human mind comes up
good old mmap randomization (3+ years in PaX), except it doesn't only
depend on the presence of MAP_FIXED but also the address hint (non-0
hints above p_vmspace->vm_daddr won't be randomized).
there is hope! apparently someone did hear about heap overflows and
related exploits in the OpenBSD Team. a pity they haven't actually
delved in the fine details of it , else they would know that adding
randomization within a page gives only 2-8 bits of randomness, hardly
this is probably the most useless security feature one can ever come
up with. while making .rodata non-executable looks like good housekeeping
on the surface, it's pretty useless as a security measure. the readership
is challenged to find (or produce) a real-life bug that cannot be
exploited except when .rodata is executable. we have yet to see one.
we also learn the underlying concept of all these address space tweaks:
the noble goal of least privilege. except the security-challenged OpenBSD
Team doesn't know that memory protection rights come in pair: one set
defines the active permissions and another the attainable ones. restricting
the former only while leaving free reign over the latter means that it
is possible to circumvent the former. and it wasn't until 3.4 where one
could call mprotect() with random stack garbage as arguments and have
the kernel still accept the protection flags it knew about and ignore
besides the usual trashing of the quality of "Open Source" (one wonders
if it applies to OpenBSD as well then), we note that there is a reason
why ElectricFence is not used in production, it just kills performance
due to the heavy address space fragmentation. and this thing is at least
a decade old... does everything take this long to be 'discovered' in the
this is a cool hack! it's not quite clear though what advantage it has
over SSP given that they both detect the same kind of attacks. and we
are of course forever indebted for the reference to PaX , in those
hard days when the OpenBSD Team hadn't heard of us for another year or
two. seriously. they said so therefore it must be true.
least privilege again, this time of more mundane ones, not memory access
rights. of the two methods, privilege revocation does actually make sense
however privilege separation (not seperation) doesn't. for noone has a
bugfree kernel. especially not OpenBSD that wasn't written from scratch
by its maintainers who have often little idea what a given piece of code
does. examples like the improper use of the i386 GDT mentioned above and
other (sometimes not yet public) snafus clearly prove the point.
so what does a kernel bug do? a good one will allow the skilled attacker
to run his code with kernel privileges (say ring-0 on i386) and effectively
circumvent anything that the OpenBSD Team have dreamt up for protection.
in other words, it doesn't matter where you shift the buggy code, it can
already exploit any of the kernel bugs to gain whatever privileges the
attacker needs. put that into the second stage of a normal remote exploit
and you're back at square one, remote root, whatever way you look at it.
finally, we can see the difficulties facing the defenders:
- no clear concept let alone implementation against exploits of memory
corruption bugs (tree vs. forest problem), effectively you can never
be sure if a given bug is exploitable under these measures and what
kind of damage it can cause,
- performance and compatibility information is unreliable, you're still
best off by simply testing it yourself, that's especially important
for 3rd party apps that might break due to the unconventional address
space layout and memory protection semantics,
- exploitable bugs are fixed silently, how to learn to update then?
this concludes our odyssey and for the rest of you, happy sailing!
just don't forget the earplugs when the sirens begin to sing.
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A building refers to any independent structure permanently constructed or erected on its site. It has its own entrance and contains covered space intended for different purposes, usually enclosed within outer walls or walls separating it from other structures (buildings).
Caves and other subterranean spaces which are mainly enclosed within rock or similar walls and/or which do not contain structures comparable to the interior structures of buildings proper, for example underground oil tanks, are not buildings.
Stalls, kiosks, etc. that do not contain space separated by closed walls, and transportable caravans, ships, etc. are not classified as buildings.
The building stock statistics do not include:
The data on buildings come from the Population Information System of the Population Register Centre.
The building material refers to the material from which the vertical supporting structures of the building are mainly made. The classification is as follows:
A dwelling refers to a room or a suite of rooms which is intended for year-round habitation; is furnished with a kitchen, kitchenette or cooking area; and has a floor area of at least 7 square metres. Every dwelling must have its own entrance. A single-family house may be entered through an enclosed porch or veranda. If a dwelling is entered through the premises of another dwelling, it is not regarded as a separate dwelling but instead those two constitute one dwelling.
Data on the facilities of dwellings and buildings are derived from the dwelling and building data of the Population Information System of the Population Register Centre.
Facilities in a dwelling:
The data on dwelling facilities have been used in determining the standard of equipment of the dwelling.
Facilities in a building:
A free-time residence refers to a recreational building constructed permanently on the site of its location or to a residential building that is used as a holiday dwelling. Holiday cottages serving business purposes, buildings in holiday villages and allotment garden cottages are not counted as free-time residences.
Free-time residences comprise all buildings the intended use of which on 31 December was as a free-time residential building or which on the said date were used as holiday residences.
Free-time residences are not included in the building stock. The floor area of free-time residences refers to the gross floor area of the whole building.
The data on free-time residences are obtained of the Population Information System, maintained by building project notices from municipal building supervision authorities.
The gross floor area of a building comprises the floor areas of the different storeys and the area of attic or basement storeys in which there are dwelling or working rooms or other space conforming to the principal intended use of the building.
The gross floor area is the horizontal area enclosed by the outer surfaces of the walls of the storeys or their imagined continuation for openings and decorations on the surface of the outer walls.
Heating fuel or source of heat refers to the main fuel or energy source used in heating a building. There are also data on the heating fuel of dwellings. Data on the heating fuel have been obtained from the Population Information System, which receives them from municipal building supervision authorities.
Information about change in heating fuel is mainly transmitted to the Population Information System only if such alterations have been done to a building which require a building permit.
The classification is as follows:
Heating system refers to the main method of heating used in the heating of a building. There are also data on the heating fuel of dwellings. Data on the heating fuel have been obtained from the Population Information System, which receives them from municipal building supervision authorities by way of building project notices. Information about change in the heating system is only transmitted to the Population Information System if such alterations have been done to a building which require a building permit.
The classification is as follows:
In a water central heating system, the building is heated with circulating water, and in an air central heating system with circulating air. In direct electric heating the building is heated with the aid of a fixed radiator, etc. connected directly to the electricity network.
In stove heating, heating takes place by burning wood or other fuels in a fireplace (stove) that stores heat. Stove heating also includes electric heating reservoirs, separate fixed oil heaters and heatpreserving fireplaces. Stoves used for heating saunas are not regarded as heating equipment.
The number of holiday residents by municipality has been counted from the total number of persons in the household-dwelling units of the free-time residence owners. If the same person owns more than one freetime residence in the same municipality, the persons in that household-dwelling unit have been taken into account only once. If the household-dwelling unit owns a freetime residence in more than one municipality the said persons have been counted as holiday residents in both municipalities.
When counting the number of holiday residents it has not been possible to take account of the free-time residences owned by death estates or foreigners, or of those in joint ownership.
The intended use of a building is determined according to the purpose for which the largest part of the gross floor area of the building is used. The categories are as follows:
The classification of the intended use of buildings is given in Statistics Finland's Handbook Classification of Buildings 1994. Not all the classes in the building classification are included in the Statitics Finland's building stock.
An urban settlement is a cluster of dwellings with at least 200 inhabitants. The delimitation is based on the population information of the previous year. Urban settlements are defined and delimited in co-operation with the Finnish Environment Institute using geographic information methods that utilise the building and population data of Statistics Finland's 250 m x 250 m grid data. The population size of grids containing buildings and their neighbouring grids, as well as the number of buildings and their floor area, are reviewed in the definition. From the uniform clusters of dwellings generated in the defining stage, the ones with at least 200 inhabitants are selected.
The following network connections are identified for a building:
The number of storeys in a building consists of all storeys that are primarily above ground level and in which there are habitable rooms or office space or other space conforming to the intended use of the building. If the number of storeys varies in different parts of the building, the number usually refers to the largest number of storeys in the building.
For buildings completed after 1980, the number of storeys is expressed as an average number that takes into account the whole building if the share of the gross floor area of a certain storey out of the gross floor area of the main storeys is very small. For instance, if a large industrial unit is mainly a one-storey building, but office space is located on three storeys, then the number of storeys is given as one.
A house with at least three dwellings of which at least two are on top of each other.
As from 2005, only two categories are used to describe the standard of equipment:
In the previous years, three categories have been used to describe the standard of equipment in a dwelling:
Municipal sub-areas are formed of operationally functional wholes defined by the municipality itself, which are the basis of the municipality's regional planning and monitoring. Statistics Finland is responsible for digitising new sub-area boundaries and for maintaining name files. Municipalities have the opportunity to check their sub-area division once a year.
The division into sub-areas is a hierarchical three-level classification which has a 1-digit major area level, a 2-digit statistical area level and a 3-digit small area level. Sub-areas are numbered consecutively using these three hierarchical levels. The 6-digit sub-area code is bound to the 3-digit municipality code, so the sub-area code consists of a total of nine characters.
Residential buildings are classified according to type of building as follows:
Buildings are divided into the following categories by tenure status:
The year of construction refers to the year in which the building was completed and was ready for use. If the building was completed prior to 1980, the year of renovation may have been entered as the year of construction.
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Article by David Black Mastro
In the November/December ’08 issue of Archeology magazine, author Andrew Currey covered the recent findings by paleo-pathologist Karl Grossschmidt of Vienna, concerning the diet of ancient Roman gladiators. Grossschmidt and his colleague, Fabian Kanz, examined the bones of gladiators from a site in Western Turkey. Currey wrote:
But the biggest revelation to come out of the Ephesus cemetery is what kept the gladiators alive–a vegetarian diet rich in carbohydrates, with the occasional calcium supplement. Contemporary accounts of gladiator life sometimes refer to the warriors as hordearii–literally, “barley men.” Grossschmidt and collaborator Fabian Kanz subjected bits of the bone to isotopic analysis, a technique that measures trace chemical elements such as calcium, strontium, and zinc, to see if they could find out why. They turned up some surprising results. Compared to the average inhabitant of Ephesus, gladiators ate more plants and very little animal protein.
This in itself is not surprising, but Grossschmidt’s conclusion as to why the gladiators’ diet was predominantly vegetarian is problematic at best:
The vegetarian diet had nothing to do with poverty or animal rights. Gladiators, it seems, were fat. Consuming a lot of simple carbohydrates, such as barley, and legumes, like beans, was designed for survival in the arena. Packing in the carbs also packed on the pounds. “Gladiators needed subcutaneous fat,” Grossschmidt explains. “A fat cushion protects you from cut wounds and shields nerves and blood vessels in a fight.” Not only would a lean gladiator have been dead meat, he would have made for a bad show. Surface wounds “look more spectacular,” says Grossschmidt. “If I get wounded but just in the fatty layer, I can fight on,” he adds. “It doesn’t hurt much, and it looks great for the spectators.”
Grossschmidt’s assertion that gladiators purposely “packed on the pounds” with a carb-heavy diet poses several problems. For one thing, it ignores the devastating nature of ancient edged weapons. While a layer of subcutaneous fat can indeed give some amount of protection from the cuts of smaller knives, it is of no use against the types of weapons that gladiators typically had to cope with. Of the various gladiator types, many–as the very name “gladiator” indicates–were swordsmen. Of the sword-armed gladiators, most fought with the combination of the short sword (gladius) and the long shield (scutum)–in this category were the myrmillo, secutor, and provocator. The other main type of sword-armed gladiator was the Thracian, who fought with the curved sica and a small round or square buckler (parma). The gladius was a devastating weapon, capable of horrible, mortal wounds with both its point and edge. The original gladius was the gladius Hispaniensis, so-called because of its use by Iberian warriors. This early type of gladius featured a broad, slightly waisted, double-edged blade, that swelled at the COP (center of percussion), and then tapered to a long, acute point. A perfect example of “form following function”, the design of the gladius Hispaniensis was intended to provide a short weapon capable of fearsome cuts, as well as thrusts. In his book The Republican Roman Army 200-104 BC, archeologist Nicholas Sekunda noted that the ancient author Livy commented on how the Macedonians feared the cutting capacity of the gladius Hispaniensis–it was easily capable of shearing off limbs, or decapitating a foe. The gladius Hispaniensis was ultimately supplanted with a simpler form, featuring a shorter point, and parallel edged, and its broad blade could still cut very well. The sica of the Thracian could deliver slashing strokes with its convex edge, chopping blows with its concave edge, and wicked, hooking-style thrusts. Against such weapons, subcutaneous bodyfat would have served no genuinely beneficial purpose.
Another problem with Grossschmidt’s theory is that it runs contrary to what ancient sources say about the gladiator’s diet. In his classic work, Gladiators, author Michael Grant pointed out that no less an authority than the ancient physician Galen was, in fact, critical of the gladiators’ carb-heavy food:
The schools were also provided with resident medical consultants to check the men’s diet, and both Galen and a leading doctor of the preceding century, Scribonius Largus, concern themselves with this aspect. Gladiators were called hordearii, barley men, because of the amount of barley that they ate, a muscle-building food but (combined with beans as it was at Pergamum) criticized by Galen for making the flesh soft. (emphasis added)
Galen’s reservations about the preponderance of barley “making the flesh soft” suggests that gladiators would not have sought to purposely “pack on the pounds”. Gladiators, like any other fighting men, would not have gained any real advantage from excess bodyfat (and arguably, such extra weight could have actually been a liability).
The condemnation of excess bodyfat can also be seen in the late Roman writer Vegetius’s Epitoma Rei Militaris (Epitome of Military Science). Vegetius wrote specifically about ideal army recruits, but his requirements apply to fighting men in general:
So let the adolescent who is to be selected for martial activity have alert eyes, straight neck, broad chest, muscular shoulders, strong arms, long fingers, let him be small in the stomach, slender in the buttocks, and have calves and feet which are not swollen by surplus fat but firm with hard muscle. When you see these points in a recruit, you need not greatly regret the absence of tall stature. It is more useful that soldiers be strong than big. (emphasis added)
The final evidence which refutes Grossschmidt’s suggestion is ancient artwork. Period representations of gladiators typically show them to be lean & sinewy, like other warriors. Take, for example, the following relief, which shows bestiarii (animal fighters):
The fighters look lean, and the muscle development and definition is very much in evidence.
Given all of the above, it would appear that all those carbs were burned off in the daily toil of training, and in the arena. Grossschmidt’s theory frankly makes little sense.
So, why, then, did the gladiators subsist on a predominantly vegetarian diet? We know from archeological evidence that Roman soldiers (legionaries and auxiliaries), while also relying principally on grains like wheat and barley (they were, after all, from an agrarian society), also consumed a substantial amount of animal protein. In his excellent text, Warriors of Rome: An illustrated history of the Roman Legions, Michael Simkins noted modern archeological evidence “shows conclusively that meat was consumed in the forts, along with a great variety of other foodstuffs”.
And it was, indeed, a great variety. In her online article, “Did Roman Soldiers Eat Meat?”, N.S. Gill wrote:
Much of Davies’ work in “The Roman Military Diet” is interpretation, but some of it is scientific analysis of bones excavated from Roman British and German military sites dating from Augustus to the third century. From the analysis, we know the Romans ate ox, sheep, goat, pig, deer, boar, and hare, in most places and in some areas, elk, wolf, fox, badger, beaver, bear, vole, ibex, and otter. Broken beef bones suggest the extraction of marrow for soup. Alongside the animal bones, archaeologists found equipment for roasting and boiling the meat as well as for making cheese from the milk of domesticated animals. Fish and poultry were also popular, the latter especially for the sick.
For Gill’s full article, go here:
Why were things apparently different for the gladiators? I personally suspect it has to do with the gladiators’ place in ancient Roman society. Gladiators were slaves, and among their ranks were countless prisoners of war and condemned criminals. It was clearly more economical to feed them a predominantly vegetarian diet. Grains and beans and legumes could be combined, and they served not only for their carbohydrates, but also as a good source of protein (the combination makes for a better amino acid profile). Anyone who thinks that vegetarians and vegans cannot build muscle and be powerful has clearly never seen people like old-time strongman George Hackenschmidt (demi-vegetarian), bodybuilder Bill Pearl (vegetarian), MMA fighter Mac Danzig (vegan), strength coach Mike Mahler (vegan), or hardcore music legend & all-round hard guy John Joseph (vegan). Therefore, gladiators were fed a primarily vegetarian diet simply because it was comparatively cheap, and because it still worked to produce lean, fit fighters.
For Currey’s original article, go here:
Thanks go out to Marc Smith, for inspiring me to write this article, and to Carl Massaro and Alex Wilkie, who have both greatly helped me in exploring the sheer power of edged weapons, over the years.
Epitome of Military Science by Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus
The Rise of the Roman Empire by Polybius
Gladiators by Michael Grant
Gladiators 100BC-AD200 by Stephen Wisdom
Warriors of Rome: An illustrated history of the Roman Legions by Michael Simkins
Republican Roman Army 200-104 BC by Nicholas Sekunda
Greece and Rome at War by Peter Connolly
Swords and Hilt Weapons (esp. the chapter “Greece and Rome” by Peter Connolly)
The Warrior Diet by Ori Hofmekler and Diana Holtzberg
Strength Training Anatomy by Frederic Delavier
Evolution of a Cro-Magnon by John Joseph
“Did Roman Soldiers Eat Meat?” by N.S. Gill (http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/romanfood/a/RomeSoldierDiet.htm)
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William "Bill" Elkins
William "Bill" Elkins was Mayor Tom Bradley's political shadow, his chief assistant, his confidante and his go-to guy.
By Yussuf J. SimmondsSentinel Managing Editor
When the city of Los Angeles elected Tom Bradley as its first African American mayor, the voters did not realize that William "Bill" Elkins came with the package--he was the unelected mayor--they were Tom-and-Bill. He stayed with the Mayor throughout his five terms in office and remained with him after the Mayor left office. After Bradley died, Elkins focused on providing continuity to the legendary Mayor's legacy. He was always in the background working to make Tom Bradley look good and that will be Elkins' legacy.
Though Bradley was the first African American mayor of the city, his constituency covered a wide racial and ethnic spectrum. Elkins was his liaison to the African American community and the one responsible for helping the Mayor to alter the administration's landscape to reflect the diversity of the city.
"He was Mayor Tom Bradley's "buddy", right hand man and special assistant. Mayor Bradley's favorite words were "talk to Bill" and we did."
Mayor Tom Bradley and Bill ElkinsCongresswoman Diane E. Watson reflected on the role that Elkins played in the Bradley administration issuing the following statement:
"Los Angeles mourns the loss of Bill Elkins, our dear friend, lawyer and political advisor. He was Mayor Tom Bradley's 'buddy', right hand man and special assistant. Mayor Bradley's favorite words were 'talk to Bill' and we did. We owe Bill a debt of gratitude for the many years of counsel that he provided in an effort to elect qualified African American candidates. In addition, Bill was keenly aware of the struggles of Black teens and worked constantly to solve their problems. Bill's contributions to our community can not be measured in terms of a job well done, but a tremendous job and dedication to the community. Our hearts and prayers are extended to his wife Eleanor and sons, Bill and Larry. We will sorely miss him."
Oftentimes, Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa has reflected on how Mayor Bradley pioneered the path for others like himself, and as the city's current Mayor, he knows the importance of having a go-to guy at his side. Mayor Villaraigosa's statement is as follows:
"On behalf of the residents of Los Angeles, I want to extend our thoughts and prayers to the family and friends of William Elkins, Jr. Bill was a proud Angeleno who dedicated 20 years of his life in service to the City of Los Angeles alongside his childhood friend, Tom Bradley.
He was a strong voice in creating a more diverse city government and he advocated for and worked tirelessly on behalf of the people of Los Angeles. Though we mourn Bill's passing, we take comfort in the fact that his work will continue to benefit the people of Los Angeles. Bill's legacy will forever be embedded in the rich history of our City. He will truly be missed."
Other elected officials owe some of their good fortune in the political world to the trail that Mayor Bradley blazed in the city and the example he set throughout the state, and Elkins was always at his side. Senator Curren Price is one of those elected officials for whom Mayor Bradley laid the groundwork with the aid and assistance of Elkins. He stated: "Mr. Elkins helped pave the way for Black political empowerment in California," said Senator Price. "He was the dean of political strategists for African American politicians in Los Angeles and definitely Tom Bradley's right hand man. With his death, we have lost a courageous pioneer in public service who stood on the front line in the struggle for full participation for African Americans in this society."
Those who benefited from Mayor Bradley's leadership were inexplicably tied to Elkins for as Congresswoman Watson said, the Mayor would often say, 'talk to Bill.' And many in the community knew that to get to the Mayor, one had to go to and through Elkins. The Urban League was often on the Mayor's list of community institutions that 'had his ear.' Blair Taylor, the League's current president and CEO, had the following comments: "Bill Elkins was a key strategist to five-term Mayor of Los Angeles--Tom Bradley. He played a major role in the historic election of the first and to date only African American mayor of Los Angeles. Mr. Elkins was at Bradley's side throughout his 20 years in office, which marked the longest tenure by any mayor in the city's history. Mr. Elkins spearheaded the founding of the Tom Bradley Legacy Foundation, which served as the key community partner in the construction of the Tom Bradley International Hall, on the campus of the University of California Los Angeles, his alma mater."
Finally, Willis Edwards, who was a commissioner under Mayor Bradley, said, "While in office, Tom Bradley depended on Bill Elkins and Bill always looked out for the Mayor, and the rest of us. He was someone you could count on in the time of need and it was because of him, I became a commissioner."
Anyone who knew Mayor Tom Bradley also knew Bill Elkins.
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The Western world has no other realm quite like Mount Athos, a rugged tongue of land in northern Greece where 20 Orthodox monasteries rise in crescendo from the rocks and the forests. For the past millennium, the whole peninsula has been a site for monastic settlements, a secret chain of sprawling compounds and hundreds of smaller houses and hermits' hideaways.
The oldest buildings are virtual fortresses, with arsenals and defensive towers, the telltale marks of a time when the monks had to fight off pirates, Christian crusaders, Ottoman Turks. But the monks of the holy mountain have not only held on to their refuge, they have also kept alive an unbroken tradition of study and liturgy. Today, their abode survives as the spiritual focus for all of the Eastern Orthodox world.
Over the centuries, the monks have gathered a trove of priceless objects, including an estimated 20,000 icons and some 15,000 manuscripts, that rank among the world's most outstanding collections. Yet while Mount Athos has long sent out its men as theologians, bishops and patriarchs, it has always kept its extraordinary artwork to itself. Much is still uncatalogued. Even scholars have not seen many of the pieces; women have always been barred from the peninsula, and men need special permits from the community to enter the 140-square-mile theocracy.
This year, for the first time in their history, the monks have opened their vaults, churches and libraries and allowed part of their treasures to be displayed at the Museum of Byzantine Culture in Salonika, Greece's second largest city. The exhibition presents far from their full collection, and 4 of the 20 monasteries, while giving their blessing, declined to take part. But what was brought from the mountain is amazing: more than 1,500 objects that offer a mesmerizing glimpse of Athos's hidden sphere.
The exhibit sweeps from the 10th to the 19th century and includes exquisitely illustrated manuscripts, silver chalices and crosses, embroideries and vestments sparkling with gold. There are the humbler paraphernalia of the monks, like candlesticks, belt buckles, and aged jugs and dishes that they still use for meals.
But pride of place goes to the icons, the most revered of Orthodox art forms. They are omnipresent and compelling, 110 in all, made by monks, commissioned by them or received as gifts. Some tell stories from the Bible or the lives of saints; most are meant for prayer, and these are the classic, flattened figures, suspended on a gold background, yet vivid and direct and possessed almost with a magnetic force.
It is this emphasis on the spiritual rather than the historical that most distinguishes ''Treasures of Mount Athos'' from the ''Glory of Byzantium'' show at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York earlier this year. While that show focused on the apex of the Byzantine Empire between the 9th and the 13th centuries, it presented far fewer objects, gathered from 117 collections in 24 nations. The only items the Met obtained from Mount Athos were three illustrated books, a curator of the New York show said.
Preparations for the Salonika exhibition were far from easy. Talks began more than 10 years ago and heated up when it became known that Salonika would be designated this year's cultural capital of Europe.
''The monks did not see the point,'' said Dimitra Gouryioti, one of the show's designers. ''They made it clear that the entire holy mountain is a treasure for them. They felt the objects could not talk outside their own surroundings.''
In the end, historians, theologians and even politicians persuaded the monks that showing their way of life and spirituality was valuable for the Orthodox faith.
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Brain Tumor Reporting Training Materials
Note: Brain tumor reporting training materials are being reviewed and updated. Please remember to check back for current training materials.
Public Law 107-260, the Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act, [PDF-185KB] requires programs participating in the National Program for Cancer Registries (NPCR) to collect data on benign and borderline tumors of the central nervous system in addition to the previously required data on malignant tumors. In addition to NPCR, the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program and the American College of Surgeons' (ACoS) Commission on Cancer began requiring that these tumors be reported, starting with cases diagnosed on January 1, 2004.
NPCR is pleased to offer the following training materials covering data collection for benign, borderline, and malignant central nervous system tumors. All cancer registry standard-setting organizations have agreed to use these training materials to promote consistency in training. In addition to NPCR, these materials have been approved by the ACoS Commission on Cancer, NCI's SEER program, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR). The materials were pilot tested during a train-the-trainer program held in Atlanta in September 2003, and feedback from participants in that program was incorporated into these materials. Training instructors from NPCR and SEER cancer registries attended this program. The slide presentation was developed through a contract with NAACCR and reviewed by a NAACCR Registry Operations Committee's Brain Tumor subcommittee, which included representation from all cancer registry standard-setting organizations.
The publication Data Collection of Primary Central Nervous System Tumors [PDF-2.3MB] is no longer available in a printed version, but you can download this PDF file. For best results, we suggest you print it in color.
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by Rick Boyer
Although the home education movement has now had nearly three decades to demonstrate that parents are a child’s best teachers, there are still plenty of uninformed people around who cling to the old notion that only “professionals” can educate children. From time to time, you may be challenged on this point. So, in case you’re
- A new homeschooler who lacks the confidence of experience, or
by Susan K. Stewart
Some homeschoolers attend a conference solely to buy curriculum in the exhibit hall. The exhibit hall can daze even a veteran convention goer. There are so many bright and shiny new items for sale every year. So it is necessary to enter with a battle plan.
A shopping list is an absolute must. Know in advance what you need to purchase for the upcoming year. Usually the major publishers and sellers return each year. By using last year’s catalogs, you can plan your purchases and their cost (add about 10 percent to last year’s prices).
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New Delhi, Sept. 19: Delhi High Court today directed Jawaharlal Nehru University authorities and police to ensure that no beef and pork festival is held on the varsity campus.
A group of students had scheduled such a food festival for September 28 some four months ago. Since then, there have been protests by right-wing groups and political parties. To prevent further flare-ups, JNU authorities had on Monday warned students against holding it.
“JNU and Delhi police are directed to ensure that no such beef and pork festival takes place on September 28 or in the future,” a bench of acting Chief Justice A.K. Sikri and Justice Rajiv Sahai Endlaw ruled today.
The judgment came in response to a plea by a registered society, Rashtriya Goraksha Sena, seeking to block the September 28 food fest.
Appearing for the Centre, additional solicitor-general Rajeev Mehra placed on record a circular issued by the JNU registrar. The circular warned students against the possession, consumption or cooking of beef on campus, citing the Delhi Agricultural Cattle Prevention Act, 1994, that prohibits cow slaughter.
The act provides for five years of imprisonment plus a fine of Rs 10,000 for storing or serving beef.
“While I believe that in a democracy everyone has the right to express his or her opinion and eat, wear or say what they want, it is imperative that they do not break the law of the land,” said former JNU students’ union president Sandeep Singh
“Instead of making statements and getting physical, students who want to hold the festival should demand changes in the law to accommodate their culture or eating habits.”
The Rashtriya Goraksha Sena plea had dubbed the JNU Foremention Committee for Beef and Pork Festival “a group of Maoists and anti-national forces” and claimed it was disrupting the “peace and educational atmosphere of the institution” under the pretext of right to eat.
The plea also urged the court to direct “authorities not to permit serving of beef or pork or anything which will hurt the religious sentiments of the people in general”.
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Web applications, by definition, work in conjunction with a Web server to perform a variety of tasks, ranging from displaying basic customized greetings to performing complex transactions. Most complex Web applications also make use of a database to store information.
While none of the above are radically different when developing a traditional standalone application, a Web application developer might think CVS is designed for working on traditional offline applications. I know I thought like this until I realized how applicable CVS is to Web development and how useful it really is.
One of the more important differences between the two types of applications is the notion of a "working copy." A standalone application developer can usually transfer a set of source files to his own development machine, compile it, and expect it to work. There's usually minimal configuration required each time a new version of the source is used. On a Web development environment, however, there are differences, stemming from the client/server nature of Web applications. These applications usually require the presence of a certain environment. The environment can consist of the environment variables on the server, variables specific to the Web server application, and the database that is being used. Again, some of these also apply to standalone applications, but are more visible when programming for the Web.
It is possible to increase productivity and speed up Web development by making use of facilities that CVS provides.
This is a case study on how to make the most of CVS in a Web-application development context. What I will describe here is the environment that I have set up to satisfy our particular needs and, as such, does not cover all possible scenarios, nor does it go into depth about how to set up a CVS server or use CVS commands, for which there's a lot of documentation available (see links below).
Here is our scenario:
A Windows & Unix shop developing PHP and MySQL Web applications. Each employee has access to either Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, or all of the above.
Some developers are more familiar with Windows tools such as advanced text editors and graphical diff viewers, and they usually want to test their code on a Windows-only Web browser. These people should still be able to use their favorite development environment. On the other hand, if others choose to develop on Unix systems, they should also be able to do it without a problem. It is also desired that people can work from home or other offices with minimal hassle.
After initially toying with the idea of having one development environment on which all developers would work and test their changes, I've decided to create a separate working environment for each developer. My reasoning was: it is very easy to create a separate virtual host on the Web server and keep one developer's working copy separate from that of another's.
By its nature, Web development requires a lot of testing at each step. Even getting a page to display right might require an extensive amount of coding, testing, and recoding. Having a separate environment gives the developer the freedom to do whatever he wants, without causing other developers any trouble.
On our project, we opted for using the same instance of the database, because the code is not very dependent on the actual data in the database. As long as the database structure is the same, we can share the same database without a problem, since the actual data in it is test data anyway. If we need to, we can easily get the latest state of the database from whoever made the change by inspecting differences in the MySQL structure dump for the two databases.
The repository can be on a separate server that doesn't have a Web server installed or it, can be on the development server itself. We have opted to run the development server and the CVS server on the same machine. Since the CVS repository is a separate entity, it will not be affected at all by this.
Although some of our developers work on the development server, I have placed my working directory on my Linux desktop, which I am also able to access via SAMBA from my Windows desktop. This way I have a self-contained development system and native access to both Windows and Linux tools. I have also set up a MySQL database and Apache with PHP on my Linux desktop.
If you're working on the same server as the CVS server, everything is straightforward. All you have to do is check out the source code into your working directory once. After that, you can update, add, and commit source code locally by running the appropriate CVS commands.
However, if you'll be placing your working directory on a different server like I've done, there are a few more configuration changes you have to make before you can successfully use CVS.
The optimum solution I came up with was to use SSH to talk to and transfer files to and from the CVS server. In order to do this, you should first install the SSH clients on your desktop. This will work both on Windows and on Linux, but I will talk about setting up Linux here. After installing the SSH clients, you'll need to set up a few environment variables so you don't have to enter the CVS server info every time you initiate a CVS command.
The first environment variable to be set is the
CVS_RSH variable that determines the transfer protocol to be used by CVS.
On a system using a BASH shell, this would look like:
The next setting is the
CVSROOT variable, which takes care of all the CVS server information, including the username, host, and the path to the CVS repository on the CVS server.
You can put the above in an initialization script such as
rc.local or a per-user login script such as
The same environment variables also apply to Windows systems (see links below).
After the SSH client and the above environment variables are set, all you have to do is go to the directory on your development server where you would like to place your working copy of the source code and run:
cvs checkout module_name
At this step, you will be asked for a password unless you set up a host-based authentication mechanism to the SSH server.
Introduction to CVS -- Jennifer Vesperman explains CVS, the Concurrent Versioning System, which is a popular system for storing and version-controlling files. This first article is intended for folks who will be using CVS already installed on a system. Jennifer explains check-out, update, adding, merging, and other functions.
CVS Administration -- Jennifer Vesperman explains how to create and manage a CVS repository.
Setting up host-based SSH authentication is easy. All you have to do is generate a key for yourself using the
ssh-keygen command, making sure not to specify a passphrase or a password, and append the public key created to the appropriate
authorized_keys file on the CVS server. The
authorized_keys2 (depending on which SSH protocol you're using) file will be in the
~username/.ssh/ on the CVS server.
After the environment settings and the host-based authentication is in place, remotely using CVS is absolutely the same as using it locally on the CVS server itself, which is a real blessing.
If you've set up your working environment as above, you can edit your code on Windows or Linux, commit your changes to the CVS repository using the same commands as you would on a local CVS server, regardless of where you're executing the commands. You can also run the development environment on a Windows machine, but I'd rather not do that, since our production server is running FreeBSD. (Well, this is not the only reason but
You might be thinking "Why bother?, why not just keep developing without CVS?" Here are some real-world answers to these questions.
Any number of developers can be working on any file at any time. If more than one developer makes changes on the same file, CVS will either merge the changes or, in the case of changes that were made on the same file, it will prompt you to merge the changes manually. You will never overwrite somebody else's changes like you would if you were using regular FTP.
All changes made to any file are logged and you can revert to any state of the code.
If you decide you want to work from home, all you have to do is set up a similar working environment (maybe on an old computer lying around) and run
cvs update to get the latest version of the code as it was uploaded to the CVS repository by all other developers. You can submit your changes just as easily. You do not have to transfer files manually using FTP.
Since you'll be setting up SSH to access the repository, your transactions will always be secure.
You will code a lot more freely, because mistakes will not affect other developers; others won't be causing you any trouble, either. Furthermore, if either of these happens, you can easily recover the code from a clean state in the repository.
It will be a lot more convenient and fun to code. There's nothing more fullfilling than running
cvs commit and adding the log entry for the changes you have made. I have observed this positive effect on myself and others.
It will be much easier to publish your code. You can publish your Web applications by running native CVS commands.
You do not have to leave your native development environment. You can make use of SAMBA, FTP, SSH, SFTP, or any other method to edit your code on your working copy, and any of a number of different methods (such as SSH described above) to transfer files between the CVS repository and your working copy.
CVS eliminates the need to divide tasks between developers by page and allows developers to work on any file without notifying others to not touch that file in the meantime.
Here are some relevant links if you would like to go into the details of CVS:
Setting Up and Using CVS:
Setting up CVS with SSH Access on Windows:
Oktay Altunergil works for a national web hosting company as a developer concentrating on web applications on the Unix platform.
Return to the Linux DevCenter.
Copyright © 2009 O'Reilly Media, Inc.
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Your Pregnancy Week 40
Download our BUMPWATCH Pregnancy Tracker. Everything there is to know week by week. FREE
By this time, you probably don't care an awful lot about how much you measure. You feel you're as big as you could ever be, and you're ready to have your baby. You may continue to grow and even to get a little bit bigger until you have your baby. But don't be discouraged - only 5 per cent of babies are born on their due date, so don't be too disheartened you are still pregnant, take advantage of this time and rest. Also, finish any last minute projects before the hectic pace of life with a newborn settles in.
If you have older children, spend some extra time with them to reassure them you haven't forgotten about them. This may help to settle future jealousies in those first few weeks when baby comes home. Extra rest is very important, balance your bouts of energy with naps.
- Siblings and a new baby
- Check out our reviews for best books for mums
- You and your baby after birth
- Understanding his new-dad fears
Labouring at homeIf you are waiting to go to the hospital and are experiencing pain, there are a few things you can do at home. The following actions may help you manage your pain.
- At the beginning of each contraction, take a deep breath. Exhale slowly. At the end of the contraction, again breathe deeply.
- Get up and move! It helps distract you and may relieve back pain.
- Ask your partner to massage your shoulders, neck, back and feet. It helps ease tension, and it feels good.
- Hot and/or cold compresses can help reduce cramping and various aches and pains. A warm shower or bath can feel very good.
- When a contraction begins, try to distract yourself with mental pictures of pleasant or soothing images.
- Coping with contractions
- Your labour pain relief options
- Labour first stage
- Labour second stage
- Labour third stage
Baby is 51.2 cm long and weighs 3.5kg. Your baby has probably settled in to the birth canal and is awaiting final approach. He is taking regular naps and moving less, but ready and able to live outside of your uterus.
His immune system is still immature and he receives antibodies from the placenta and after birth he will receive antibodies continually from your breast milk. Most of the lanugo has fallen off his body, although you may still find some hidden spots, particularly in the creases, and around the shoulders or ears when you finally meet him.
- Check you've got your baby equipment organised
- Choosing a baby name
- Best baby care books
- Baby nursery checklist
Baby checklists and tools
- Baby Name Finder
- Best baby products mums recommend
- Connect with other expectant mums through Kidspot Social
- View our complete baby care and development resource.
Read next week: Your Pregnancy Week 41
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Connect to share and comment
Barack Obama's re-election reverberates far beyond US borders — so much so that citizens of some distant nations, like Pakistan and Turkey, say they too should have been able to vote. To give them a voice, GlobalPost interviewed people around the world for their views on the United States and who they hoped would win the election.
However, the country's leaders may find Mitt Romney’s confrontational stance more useful.
MOSCOW, Russia — Experts say the Kremlin would like to see President Barack Obama beat Mitt Romney in the US election next month — although you may be hard-pressed to divine that from recent developments.
On Monday last week, the US Agency for International Development, USAID, wrapped up its 20 years of work in Russia on orders from the Kremlin.
Two days later, Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov took a swipe at Obama’s policy of improving ties with Russia by warning that perpetually “reset” relations would constitute a “program failure.”
Later the same day, the US Justice Department charged 11 alleged Russian agents with stealing electronic technology for Moscow through a front company based in the United States.
Those were only the latest installments in four years of “reset” relations that have been strained by disagreement over American missile defense plans in Europe, an impasse on Syria, Vladimir Putin’s return as president and generally fractious politics in Russia and the United States.
Hawkish American presidents have previously helped the Kremlin exploit animosity toward the United States by portraying homegrown problems as the work of meddling foreign powers.
Even so, analysts say Moscow would prefer to continue dealing with Obama, with whose support Russia joined the World Trade Organization and signed a new START nuclear arms treaty with Washington.
Fyodor Lukyanov, editor of the journal Russia in Global Affairs, says the Kremlin sees Obama as someone who understands international affairs better. “It would be easier to discuss complicated issues with him because he’s less tied down by old approaches and ideological frameworks,” he said.
“Nonetheless, the hypothetical election of Mitt Romney would not be a disaster because Russia is ready to work — or to not work — with anybody after the [Republican President George W.] Bush years [2000-08],” he added, referring to the post-Cold War-low relations prior to Obama’s tenure.
Romney has accused Obama of being soft on Russia and ceding too much room to the former US Cold War foe on issues such as missile defense without winning reciprocal concessions. He’s described Russia as "without question our No. 1 geopolitical foe."
More from GlobalPost: Putin turns 60, Russia goes crazy (top 10 gifts)
He’s promised to “reset the reset” by reviewing START, decreasing Europe’s energy dependence on Russia and building stronger ties with authoritarian countries in Central Asia, which Moscow considers to be in its backyard.
The confrontational rhetoric prompted Putin — who has alleged that street protests in Russia are sponsored by the West — to ironically thank Romney for being “direct and candid.”
In what many saw as a clear endorsement, Putin said of Obama that “he is a very honest man and that he sincerely wants to make many good changes.
The official statements echo public opinion. More than 40 percent of Russians who are aware of the US elections set for Nov. 6 said Obama’s re-election would favor Russia, while only 4 percent said the same of Romney, according to a poll by the polling agency VTsIOM last month.
Alexander Konovalov, president of the Institute of Strategic Analysis, pointed to improved dialogue between Washington and Moscow as a success of Washington’s current Russia policy. Last month, the Kremlin opened a transit airbase for NATO supplies near the city of Ulyanovsk, 500 miles east of Moscow, to assist the mission in Afghanistan. Russia has also allowed overflight supply routes.
Still, he said although Moscow traditionally favors Democratic leaders over Republicans, the logic of that approach doesn’t stand up to retrospective scrutiny.
“Russia really wants Obama to win because of Romney’s fairly stupid comments about Russia being its top geopolitical rival, although of course it recognizes it's all electioneering,” Konovalov said. “At the same time, I don’t think Russia expects any dramatic change of course with the election of either.”
Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov warned on Wednesday that relations need new substance to develop. "If we talk about the 'reset,' it is clear that, using computer terminology, it cannot last forever,” he told Kommersant newspaper. “Otherwise it would not be a 'reset,' but a program failure. To continue using computer specialists' terminology, we should update the software."
Lukyanov said although Russia’s “semi-authoritarian regime would use the picture of an external threat to its advantage” at will, Romney’s election nevertheless could be a “gift.”
“You don't even need to add anything to what he says.”
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The Tigers fell to a depressing 1-9 in what was probably their best chance to earn their first win over a Division I school.
To read a report on the game from the Orlando perspective, go here.
John McEnroe, one of the greatest tennis players in history, had an on-court meltdown in Memphis that nearly cost him an eye. In a losing match with Wayne Ferriera in the Stanford Championships, a seniors event at the Racquet Club, McEnroe bent over and smashed a ball on the court in anger during the tiebreaker after the players had split the first two sets. The ball bounced up and hit McEnroe in the face, either on or near his eye. He remained bent over for about a minute holding his eye as the crowd hushed and Ferriera walked around to McEnroes side of the court to see if he was all right. For all the flashes of his famous temper, McEnroe also demonstrated the brilliance that made him the number-one player in the world for part of the 1980s.
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The old Gaol of Downpatrick, now Down County Museum, was built under the supervision of the Marquis of Downshire, the Earl of Hillsborough, the Hon Edward Ward and Charles Lilly, architect, between 1789 and 1796. The prison complex covers one acre and contains three main structures. These comprise a cell block to the rear, a central Governor's Residence and two gatehouses flanking the main entrance, all set within a high perimeter wall.
Phase 1 of the restoration - the gatehouse
The Governor's Residence housed chapels, stores, debtor's cells and rooms for use by the gaol staff. An inscribed stone inserted behind the front entrance of the Governor's Residence bears the initials MI and the date 1794, and may have been carved by one of the masons who worked on the building.
Phase 2 of the restoration - The Governor's Residence
The buildings of the old Gaol appear on a map of 1833, reproduced for the Downpatrick edition of the Irish Historic Town Atlas series. The gaol is known to have had a treadmill by 1823, possibly located at the rear of the complex, and a number of exercise yards and courtyards surrounded the main buildings.
Phase 3 of the restoration - The cell block
In January 1831 the old Gaol's prisoners were transferred to the New Gaol, which was built on the former common behind the courthouse, and is also shown on the map of 1833 (see article in Down Survey 2001 for museum collections relating to the New Gaol).
In 1832 the old Gaol was used as a temporary cholera hospital, and in the same year it passed into private hands. By 1833 the east wall of the old Gaol had been dismantled and shifted to the west in order to accommodate a road between the old Gaol and the courthouse. By 1838, the old Gaol had become an infantry barrack, and it is recorded as having this function in 1859 and 1901, when a hand ball alley was also recorded on the site. Part of this alley still survives at the south-west corner of the site, where a layer of Roman cement on the interior of the perimeter wall shows its location.
The South Down Militia used the site as a barracks in the later nineteenth and early twentieth century, and the Royal Irish Rifles are also known to have used the site during the First World War. The well-defended site was again used by the Welsh Fusiliers and U.S. Forces during the Second World War. Evidence of huts constructed for occupying U.S. troops still survives on the west perimeter wall below the remains of the hand ball alley.
A newly arrived GI Stands guard at the old Gaol next to the remains of the huts built for them late in the Second World War.
Important features of the old Gaol still survive today, including original cells, doors and fittings, preserved on the ground floor of the three-storey cell block. Original roofing slates from the cell block also survive in the collections and are displayed inside the entrance to the building.
Most of the original window bars were removed although the chiselled grooves still survive as evidence of their removal from the Governor's Residence. A reconstructed image of the old Gaol as it might have appeared during its use as a prison has been painted by Nigel Hughes in 1992 and donated to the museum. An enlarged image can be seen in the museum's entrance vestibule in the west gatehouse.
The site has been restored to show how the buildings may have appeared externally in the late eighteenth century. However, new ground floor galleries have been added to the cell block and, with the exception of the cells, the building interiors have been adapted for modern museum use.
Former use of the site
When the site was first assessed in 1980 with a view to its suitability as a possible museum, it was derelict. For many years parts of the site had been used as accommodation for various activities such as furniture auctions, Christmas turkey rearing, Girl Guide rooms, typing classes, postal sorting, an Ordnance Survey local office, PSV test centre and a butcher's fridge, to name only a few. By 1980 it was being used only as a store for DOE Roads Service, and to garage the Down High School minibus.
Planning the restoration
From the requirement for the building was to house a modern county museum, not simply to restore it as an eighteenth century gaol. Even if the latter had been possible, too many of the interior courtyard divisions, and internal cells, had already been removed to make this a realistic option.
Nevertheless the evidence showed that the core buildings represented the most complete surviving Irish county gaol of its type and period.
The only part of the obvious 'gaol' interior which survived unaltered was the ground floor of the cell block. This was to be restored as it had been built, to be used as an authentic artefact. Original exterior cut stone window and door cases were restored, and later openings refilled. The original pedestrian doorways on either side of the main entrance from the Mall, which had been walled up for many years, were reopened. All the surviving brick vaulting was preserved as part of the basic interest of the building. This included the original eighteenth century arch carrying the entrance steps to the Governor's House.
The original surface of the courtyards was mainly gravel with some stone sections, including stone setts at the entrance. For practical purposes areas of the courtyard were surfaced with square setts.
The perimeter walls
By 1980 the only perimeter wall which survived in its entirety was the south western one, next to the Judges' Lodgings. The front wall was repointed first, paying careful attention to the appropriateness of the mix. The rare Irish Alpine, which is such a feature of the stone walls in the immediate area, quickly re-established itself, as it would not be able to do on most modern walls.
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Weakened by an election upheaval at home, US President George W. Bush sought to reassure nervous Asian allies yesterday that the US will remain a reliable partner in liberalizing trade, confronting North Korea's nuclear threat and fighting terrorism.
The president delivered his message in meetings with J.Y. Pillay, Singapore's acting president, and Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong. The talks took place at the white-columned Istana palace, which houses the offices of the president, prime minister and other senior officials.
"Singapore is very happy that America has a stake in the region and is growing its stake in the region," Lee said.
For his part, Bush praised Singapore as a model for the rest of Asia. He said the prime minister's advice makes it "easier to conduct wise foreign policy."
In Bush's first overseas trip since Republicans lost the House and Senate, world leaders are looking for any sign of change since the election repudiation of his Iraq policy.
In an early embarrassment for Bush, the House failed to approve normalized trade relations with Vietnam -- a move Bush wanted completed this week. Instead, Congress probably will consider it next month.
Bush's first stop in Singapore was the Asian Civilizations Museum.
The president and his wife, Laura Bush, were treated to a performance of Asian fusion music by a group which played a classical Javanese piece and a Singapore folk song. The musicians, seated on an oriental carpet, played brass and string instruments, gongs and a saron -- an Asian-style xylophone.
"Very good," said Bush, who had been nodding his head and tapping his toes in time with the music.
Pressed to play himself, Bush kneeled on the carpet, briefly banged the saron with a rubber mallet, and then said: "I'm going to quite while I'm ahead."
In another room, the Bushes watched school children perform dances representing Chinese, Indian and Malaysian culture.
The president arrived in Singapore yesterday morning to an understated welcome from the country's ambassador and deputy prime minister.
Bush's eight-day journey takes him to Singapore, Vietnam and Indonesia. The president planned to outline the themes of his trip with a speech in Singapore, emphasizing how the US and Asian nations can work together.
"The Asian leaders will be looking at President Bush's body language," said Mike Green, who until earlier this year was senior director for Asia at the National Security Council. "They know he's the commander in chief. They know that he has two years left, but they're going to be all looking to see how he plays the game after this political setback."
En route to Singapore, Air Force One stopped in Moscow for refueling. Russian President Vladimir Putin and his wife, Lyudmila, came out to the airport to greet Bush and the first lady on a red carpet. Bush's stop was a pointed gesture of friendship toward Putin, whose support Bush needs in dealing with North Korea and Iran. Typically, US presidents heading for Asia fly west, not east, and refuel in Alaska.
National Security Adviser Stephen Hadley, talking to reporters aboard Air Force One after Bush left, said the presidents "talked a little bit about proliferation generally" with regard to Iran and North Korea.
Russian news agencies quoted Kremlin spokesman Alexei Gromov as confirming that a bilateral agreement on Russia's accession to the WTO was being readied for signing in Hanoi.
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Emails from out-of-state public relations firms working on behalf of a variety of organizations and event sponsors arrive daily and, as a rule, I quickly scan them to see whether there is anything that would apply to us here in Maine.
The majority do not, but this one really grabbed my attention.
Have you ever heard of National Costume Swap Day?
I hadn’t, but what a great idea this is.
Anyone who has been in any store lately and looked at the prices of costumes for kids surely must agree that swapping far and away beats purchasing, especially in these difficult economic times.
Here’s the information I was provided.
National Costume Swap Day was established in 2010 by Swap.com and the nonprofit Green Halloween.
On this day, we are asked to go green for Halloween by organizing local costume swap events where the opportunity is offered to swap princess gowns and superhero capes, perhaps, for something newer, which not only will help parents and guardians save money but will help reduce waste at the same time.
According to the release promoting this event, swapping the costumes of only half of the children who celebrate Halloween would reduce annual landfill waste by 6,250 tons, which is equivalent to the waste of 2,500 midsize cars.
I learned that in its first year, 77 events were registered at Swap.com and that more than 100 are registered this year throughout the country, with three in Maine: Brewer, Turner and Durham.
I searched the Swap.com website for National Costume Swap Day, scanned down to Maine and clicked on all three information sites.
Here’s what I found out about the Brewer Swap.
It is planned for noon-5 p.m. Saturday, Oct. 8, at SNAP Fitness on State Street. This swap is open to everyone up to 21 and will be held no matter what the weather.
The most information, however, was available on the sites for Turner and Durham.
The Turner Swap is 1-3 p.m. Saturday, Oct. 8, at Boofy Quimby Memorial Hall, Howes Corner Road, which is Route 219.
The contact site for that event is turner.macaronikid.com and it helps if you add “costume swap” to your search terms.
The Durham information is available by contacting Sarah at http://durhammemacaronikid.com.
This event is 1-3 p.m. Saturday, Oct. 8, at the Durham Eureka Center on the corner of routes 9 and 136.
According to the site, this is how this site works: You bring your clean, gently worn costumes to a drop-off site during scheduled days and times. For each costume you drop off, you receive a ticket to use on SWAP Day. On SWAP Day, you trade your tickets for new-to-you costumes. One ticket equals one costume.
At the end of this event, any leftover costumes will be donated to Goodwill.
As of Oct. 5, the only remaining drop-off time for this swap is 3:30 to 4:30 p.m. Thursday, Oct. 6, at Durham Community School.
If you can’t make it to the drop site, email firstname.lastname@example.org. If you’d like to help collect costumes or volunteer on the day of the event, email her.
According to information about its origins provided on its website, Swap.com started as a passion project to help connect people interested in swapping everything from books and movies to music and video games.
Today, the site has widely expanded its user opportunities.
“Whether you want to swap, online, with people across the world, through your mobile phone, in your neighborhood or at one of our local swap events, we make it easy for you to connect with your friends to swap,” the site states.
“And the best part is, the only cost is for shipping your item to your swap partner, if applicable.
“No catch. We truly believe swapping should be free. So it is.”
You can learn more at Swap.com.
So, if you’re not into swapping movies or music, think about swapping costumes for your kids this Halloween. It sounds like it would be a lot of fun for everyone.
I understand, from the PR person I spoke with who provided the initial information, Swap.com would like folks to register their swaps for National Costume Swap Day, but that’s not necessary and you are certainly welcome just to organize one for your friends, your neighborhood or your community.
So gather up all those costumes the kids (and you) have outgrown and start swapping.
Save a little green, in the form of cash, and go green, environmentally, this Halloween.
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Can’t get little Johnny to do his chores? Try using a virtual
world as a parenting tool to instill the Protestant work ethic in
A California-based company, Handipoints, just launched an
online community to make work fun. Targeting kids aged 4-12, the
community already has 140,000 users. Parents can set up online
chore charts and an allowance program, and kids earn points for
completing real world tasks. They can then use those points to
unlock characters and games in the virtual world, called HandiLand,
or save up points in exchange for whatever rewards the parents have
Virtual worlds aren’t just about games anymore. Now kids can be
motivated to do their chores, learn economics, and understand that
nothing in life is free.
It’s all part of an emerging trend as virtual
worlds are being used as platforms for all kinds of
Chris Martenson has created a series of videos called The Crash Course 'to provide you with a baseline understanding of the economy so that you can better appreciate the risks that we all face.'
Martenson shows how important it is for us to understand the enormous implications of exponential growth, debt-deficits, wealth creation, asset bubbles and demographic shifts, resource production plateaus, hedonic models, fuzzy numbers of GDP, et al.
Martenson is not necessarily trying to sell a vision of inevitable collapse. Rather he makes a strong case to highlight the observable fundamental flaws in our current economic behavior and models, and the dire consequences of what might happen if we do nothing to change our course.
This is a must watch set of videos for thinking about the future.
“As GM goes, so goes America.” – Let’s all hope that famous maxim doesn’t apply now.
Yesterday General Motors stock closed below $6 for the first time since the 1950s. Then last night, the financial woes worsened as most foreign stock markets plunged between 4% and 9%. Now this morning we’re all left wondering, “Just how bad will this get? Are we nearing the worst of this crisis?”
Here’s a CNN summary of the action:
Some economists are optimistic that we’re nearing the bottom, but many others are bracing for another Great Depression.
With the Obama administration gearing up for action, the Fall stock market crash fading from memory, and a new year underway many economists (especially most of the folks I regularly watch on CNBC and Bloomberg) are predicting recovery to commence in the second half of 2009. Having noted the slow spread of the mortgage crisis, which some predicted several years before it ever began to look serious, I am more than a bit skeptical about their underlying assumptions and the likelihood of a near-term turn-around.
Fortunately there are some economists like Condé Nast Portfolio contributing editor John Cassidy who agree that economists may not be the best predictors of things economic. Pointing out their poor track record in 2008 (live by the Greenspan, die by the Greenspan), Cassidy now contrasts their 2009 forecasts against those of the general public and of finance professionals, revealing that the economists are far more optimistic than the rest.
He then asks the obvious question:
So who are we to believe: the experts who failed to predict the current crisis or the great American public? With due respect to my fellow dabblers in the dismal science [economics], I share Joe the Plumber’s queasy feeling. Unless something miraculous happens in the next few weeks, the new inhabitant of the Oval Office will inherit an economy flailing under the weight of record debts and rising unemployment. If a depression is defined as a deep, extended recession of a severity that nobody under the age of 75 can recall, then it is quite likely that we are already in one.
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“You are so motivated to make sure the trip goes smoothly, because you know that the organs of these two kids are now going to save the lives of more than just a handful of other kids.”
The major airplane manufacturers at a glance
Although the rate of growth of the business aircraft manufacturing industry has slowed, it continues to generate billions in economic output each year and supports tens of thousands of jobs. Here are the key facts about each of the major aircraft manufacturers:
Airbus entered the bizliner market in 1997 with the Airbus Corporate Jet (ACJ), an executive version of its A319 airliner that sold initially for $35 million. Early on, ACJ sales lagged those of the Boeing Business Jet, which had been introduced to the market the year before. More recently, ACJ annual sales have eclipsed Boeing's. Encouraged by orders from the Middle East and Asia-Pacific regions, Airbus has added the longer-fuselage A320 Prestige and a shorter variant, the A318 Elite, to its executive lineup. For VVIP, government and other customers requiring the ultimate in space and long-distance capability, Airbus also offers executive versions of its A330, A340, A350 and A380 widebody jetliners.
BOEING BUSINESS JETS
A partnership between Boeing and General Electric (maker of the CFM-56 series of engines for newer-generation 737s) spawned the BBJ, which in 1996 combined components of the 737-700 series airframe and the larger 737-800 series wing, landing gear and center fuselage section. As many as 10 auxiliary fuel tanks can be installed in the airplane's belly, giving the BBJ an unrefueled range of 6,196 nautical miles with eight passengers. A larger, stretched version called the BBJ2 boasts 25 percent more cabin capacity, but at the price of slightly reduced range. In 2005, Boeing announced the even larger BBJ3, based on the 737-900ER. All Boeing jets from the 737 to its largest and newest 747-8 and the soon-to-be certified 787 are available in VIP versions.
Bombardier started out as a snowmobile manufacturer in 1942 and has grown into one of the world's largest producers of business jets and regional airliners. Over the years, the company has expanded its aircraft business mainly through acquisitions, buying brands such as Canadair, De Havilland, Learjet and Shorts.
In the last 15 years, the Montreal-based company has introduced several business jet models, including the Learjet 40 and 45, Challenger 300 and 605 and Global 5000 and Express XRS. The forthcoming Learjet 85 will be the first all-composite business jet. The ultra-long-range Global 7000 and 8000 models will join the fleet in 2016 and 2017, respectively.
Cessna is arguably the best-known brand in all of aviation. The Wichita company built its first airplane in 1927 and has rolled out more than 190,000 in the eight decades since.
Of the roughly 16,000 business jets in operation worldwide, Cessna has produced a third of them. The company's 10 business jet models range from the Mustang very light jet to the world's fastest business jet, the Mach 0.92 Citation X, which will soon spawn the upgraded and faster Citation Ten.
Cessna had planned to target the large-cabin market with the Citation Columbus, but canceled that program soon after the country's financial crisis began.
Dassault was already renowned for its Mirage fighter jets when it introduced the Falcon 20 business twinjet in the U.S. in 1963. Today Dassault Industries, EADS and a group of private investors own Dassault Aviation, of which Dassault Falcon Jet is its marketing and support subsidiary in the U.S. The company builds airframes at its factory in southwest France. Aircraft destined for U.S. buyers are then flown to Dassault's Little Rock, Ark. maintenance and completion center to receive avionics, paint and interiors. Dassault offers the Falcon 900 and 2000 family of business jets, as well as the Falcon 7X trijet, featuring the latest in fly-by-wire flight-control technology and fighter-jet-style sidesticks in the cockpit. The next Falcon–tentatively called the SMS–will be a twin-engine jet, but no details have been released on that aircraft.
Embraer has been building airplanes for more than 30 years, but it wasn't until 1994 when the Brazilian government privatized the company that the business took off. Today, Embraer is the world's fourth-largest commercial aircraft manufacturer. Its ERJ 135/145 airframe served as the foundation for the company's first business jet, the Legacy 600, which was introduced in 1999. In the past decade, Embraer has laid the foundation for a strong push into the business jet market by developing the Phenom 100 and 300 small-cabin jets, the Legacy 450 and 500 midsize jets and the Lineage 1000 bizliner. The longer-range Legacy 650 was certified last year.
Large-cabin Gulfstreams are instantly recognizable for their big oval windows and bullet noses. Today, Gulfstream's line of business jets also includes the midsize G150 and super-midsize G200, built in Israel by partner IAI. Gulfstream is developing the G250, which will be an updated and improved G200, and the G650. The flagship G650 will have a larger and wider cabin than the G550, the Savannah, Ga. manufacturer's current top model, and be able to fly 7,000 nautical miles unrefueled. The G650 will have a maximum operating speed of Mach 0.925, making it the world's fastest civil airplane.
Hawker Beechcraft combines two of aviation's most storied names. In 1937, Walter Beech introduced the Model 18, arguably the first cabin-class twin-engine business airplane. In 1964, Beech debuted the twin-turboprop King Air, which remains in production to this day. Raytheon bought Beech in 1980 and added the UK's Hawker brand to the fold. It sold the company in 2007 to an investment group led by Goldman Sachs. Hawker Beechcraft pioneered the use of composites in business aircraft construction, including in the current Premier 1A and Hawker 4000 business jets.
PIAGGIO AERO INDUSTRIES
The sleek, pusher-turboprop Piaggio Avanti was developed in response to the energy crisis of the 1970s. Italian airframe maker Piaggio teamed with Learjet on a design that eventually became the P.180 Avanti. Learjet, then awash in financial difficulties, dropped out of the program, but Piaggio soldiered on, delivering the first Avanti in 1990. In 2005, it updated the aircraft with the Rockwell Collins Pro Line 21 avionics system, gave it slightly more powerful Pratt & Whitney engines and branded it the Avanti II. Piaggio has confirmed development of a business jet but has revealed few details about the product so far.
PILATUS BUSINESS AIRCRAFT
Nestled among the Alps in Stans, Switzerland, Pilatus has been building airplanes since 1939. Today it is the world's largest manufacturer of single-engine turboprops. The company's top-selling model, the PC-12, was certified in 1994 and became an instant hit, thanks to its ruggedness, spacious cabin and unmatched performance. Today, more than 1,000 PC-12s are in service. The newest version, the PC-12NG, features a more powerful Pratt & Whitney Canada engine and modern Honeywell Primus Apex avionics. Pilatus engineers are now designing the Pilatus PC-24, but the company has released no details on this model, which likely will be a twin-engine turboprop.
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(Promotional Movie :
In order to promote preventive measures for global warming that are adopted by countries all over the world, it is imperative to learn the behavior of greenhouse gases that cause global warming on earth. The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite "IBUKI" (GOSAT) is a collaborative project by JAXA, the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES,) and the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) to provide the world's first satellite to observe global greenhouse gasses from space. Data acquired by the "IBUKI" will be utilized to learn the "current" status of the earth concerning global warming and to contribute to a better future for all mankind.
To monitor global warming and protect our future
The impact of greenhouse gases has been dramatically more obvious in the last few decades. If the situation is left to continue unchecked, the temperature is said to increase by 6 degrees Celsius by 2100, and the risk of more extreme climate phenomena such as droughts, heat waves, and floods is expected to increase. The IBUKI's mission is to carefully monitor changes in the effects of greenhouse gasses without overlooking minute changes so that it can contribute to our future. The development of the IBUKI has been progressing well with a proud determination to contribute to measures to tackle global warming.
To precisely measure greenhouse gases
The IBUKI, whose strength is its high precision sensor and about 56,000 observation points, can accurately acquire detailed data on greenhouse gases that have not previously been accurately measured. By establishing the precise observing methods for not only emissions but also the movement and absorption of greenhouse gases, we will make a huge leap forward in controlling global warming. The IBUKI project is an essential mission for the future of the earth.
IBUKI to establish "commonly shared criteria" for measuring greenhouses gases
In our efforts to tackle global warming, there is a loophole. That is, we don’t have a common method to precisely measure greenhouse gases.The IBUKI is the world's first satellite that can establish a "commonly shared criteria" for greenhouse gases.
Free distribution of data for global community
When the IBUKI's operations start, updated data will be acquired every three days from many observation points on earth. This data will be distributed free to scientists. Through the IBUKI, our contributions to solve global warming will extend beyond financial and human resources to cover information provision. Therefore, the IBUKI will be very useful as a new tool to provide data on global warming.
Up to 56,000 observation points!
The IBUKI will fly around the earth in about 100 minutes while measuring greenhouse gases almost all over the surface of the earth through its sensor. This means that the IBUKI can acquire data from a staggering number of observation points compared to observations from ground stations or by air planes. The number of observation points is as many as 56,000! Therefore the satellite can measure the increase and decrease of greenhouse gases with high precision in every region of the world.
Diagram of global observation points
Observation points of GOSAT
(56,000 points in standard mode)
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What is the purpose of the Land Information Office?
Many of the County's most basic services rely on accurate and up-to-date land information. Emergency response, resource conservation, infrastructure planning, facility maintenance, economic development, regulatory inspection and many other county functions involve the storage of, access to, and analysis of various land records. Efficient access to information about addresses, buildings, roads, utilities, elevation, floodplains, response districts, voting wards, zoning, land use, parcels, and other combinations of land information is critical for various functions of government. This information is very beneficial to private companies as well.
A Geographic Information System (GIS) has the unique ability to combine land information into a comprehensive system that can be shared throughout each County department. Businesses and private citizens who use land records and maps also benefit from these services. GIS has emerged as the best framework for storing, identifying, searching, and analyzing massive volumes of data, maps, documents, and other data. GIS has proven to be a very powerful way to combine text search and geographic search to allow analysts and decision makers to quickly find relevant information.
How the LIO benefits the County (click here for a PDF)
The mission of the Land Information Office (LIO) is to implement the Brown County Land Records Modernization Plan. This plan addresses the technological and organizational issues associated with storing, sharing, and depicting information and records related to land. The integration of mapping, geographic information systems (GIS), document imaging, databases, and computer networking are among the topics addressed in the plan. The overall goal of this plan is to ensure key program functions of the County are supported. The plan also provides county and municipal officials, private businesses, and other interested parties with basic knowlege of the County's effort in land information and GIS.
The 2010-2015 Strategic Plan can be viewed by clicking this link.
The success of the efforts of the LIO hinge on the successful cooperation of a number of departments within Brown County as well as other local governments, state agencies, businesses, utilities, public stakeholders and the Wisconsin Land Information Program
. Through a web of formal and informal institutional arrangements and policies, we will develop a community-wide understanding of custodial responsibilities, implementation priorities, and standards to realize our vision of a countywide multi-participant geographic / land information system.
QUICK LINKS: Click on a button below to quickly get to our most popular maps:
The GIS Map (multi-purpose) is our most popular service. It includes map layers such as:
Much more (click here to learn how to use it)
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Editor’s Note: This is a guest post that first ran on the website of NC State’s College of Engineering.
Research that produced the world’s first message sent using tiny neutrino particles — a project led in part by NC State engineers — has been named one of Physics World magazine’s top 10 breakthroughs for 2012.
Earlier this year, the team of researchers successfully sent a beam of neutrinos through 240 meters of earth with a message in binary code that read, “neutrino.” The communication marked the first time information had been transmitted with the particles, which can pass through almost anything because they have no electrical charge and very little mass.
The story was featured on the Physics World website in March. The magazine made its selections from a pool of more than 350 news articles about advances in the physical sciences published on its site in 2012.
Neutrinos have long held promise for communications. As the Physics World story notes: “For ease of transmission through any material, nothing beats the neutrino. The ghostly particle is affected only by the weak nuclear force and, very faintly, by gravity. As a result, it can pass through almost everything and interacts with virtually nothing.”
But, the story says, one problem makes neutrino-based messaging difficult.
“Although neutrino-based systems have been proposed since the 1970s, they have all come up against the same problem: how to detect the neutrinos at the receiving end when the vast majority of the particles will pass straight through any detector. To detect enough neutrinos to transmit information at a reasonable rate, either an extremely intense neutrino source or a very large detector (or both) would be needed.”
About three years ago, the story continues, Dr. Daniel Stancil, head of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at NC State, was thinking about possibilities for communicating using axions — hypothetical particles that pique researchers’ interest because they might be part of dark matter. From a communications perspective, axions are interesting because, if they exist, they could pass through any material. A former student pointed out that the concept could be tested with neutrinos at the Fermi National Accelerator Lab (FermiLab) outside of Chicago, where researchers were conducting a neutrino scattering experiment called MINERvA.
Physicists with the experiment agreed to collaborate with the engineers, so the lab’s high-energy neutrino beam and multi-ton MINERvA detector were employed to send and receive the word “neutrino,” which was spelled out in binary code as 1s and 0s.
Given the huge amount of technological muscle needed to send and receive one word, neutrinos won’t be carrying messages for millions of people anytime soon. But the work does open up possibilities for future advances, including sending messages through the center of the earth and inter-stellar communications.
The research team was led in part by Stancil and Dr. Brian Hughes, professor and associate head of electrical and computer engineering at NC State. The team also included researchers from the University of Rochester and the NASA Glenn Research Center.
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We propose a new mathematical engine for reasoning with abstraction to support engineering design. The new Qua,|i|y Lattice (qL) will built on the foundation of the existing Quantity Lattice by Reid Simmons [Simmons, 1986], the Bounder inequality reasoner by Elisha Sacks [Sacks, 1987], and the Minima hybrid real/sign algebra by Brian Williams [Williams, 1991]. The new qL supports representation and manipulation of evolving designs that involve abstraction at any of several levels, including "qualitative" (signs only), "semi-quantitative" (bounded quantities), and fully quantitative (real numbers). The qL seamless, allowing abstraction levels to be mixed freely aa needed within a single design. The qL also is tunable, allowing trade-offs between solution time and solution quality, so that effort can be applied where it is most needed or effective in an evolving design. Supporting mixed abstraction levels and localised computational effort enables a design methodology including iterstive refinement and tight control over the exploration of design alternatives. The qL is applicable to design problems which can be modeled using systems of linear and nonlinear equations and inequalities, including any differential equations which can be solved or approximated to yield such relations. This is appropriate for a wide range of problem domains, including both synthetic and analytical tasks.
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Posted Wednesday, May 2, 2012, at 5:29 PM
People have been very excited about MITx, the upcoming first instance of a prestigious brand-name university offering an online open enrollment class that comes with a branded credit. To be sure, they won't say you passed an "MIT" class, but the classes will have the same content as the MIT courses and the label says "MITx" which is really very similar to "MIT".
And now Harvard's hopping on the bandwagon:
The EdX platform will be open-source, “so it can be used by other universities and organizations who wish to host the platform themselves,” according to the release. While EdX will initially host adapted versions of courses from MIT and Harvard, the institutions expect it to become a clearinghouse for open courses offered by various institutions.
“MIT and Harvard expect that over time other universities will join them in offering courses on the edX platform,” the universities said. “The gathering of many universities’ educational content together on one site will enable learners worldwide to access the course content of any participating university from a single website, and to use a set of online educational tools shared by all participating universities.”
I think it really can't be emphasized enough that names and brands matter here. Harvard sells a bundle of goods to undergraduates. Some of that is actual classroom learning and education. Some of it is a college experience. And some of it is a branded credential from America's oldest and most famous university. You can potentially do a lot of teaching over the internet, but it's really when the brands come into play that you start to make a difference to the overall structure of the industry.
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Eating for Two
Eating a well-balanced diet is even more vital when you are pregnant. Pregnant women need extra iron and folic acid, and should eat a balanced diet of grains, veggies, fruit, oils, milk, meat and beans. Drinking six to eight glasses of water, milk or juice daily is also advised. Check with your doctor about any dietary rules you should follow based on your own personal health status.
Foods to avoid when pregnant:
- Raw or undercooked seafood, meats or poultry
- Prepared meats, such as hot dogs or deli meats, unless they are steaming hot
- Refrigerated pate or meat spreads
- Fish with high mercury levels, such as shark, swordfish, king mackerel and tuna
- Smoked seafood, such as lox, nova style, kippered or jerky
- Foods with raw eggs because of salmonella, such as mayonnaise, ice cream, and custards
- Imported soft cheeses such as brie, camembert, feta, gorgonzola and Mexican-style cheeses, unless the label says that they are made from pasteurized milk
- Unpasteurized milk
- Unwashed fruits and vegetables
You should always be careful when eating out and ask that your meat and fish be well cooked. Also, ask about the use of raw eggs and unpasteurized food products in your meal.
Members can log in to their Blue Access for MembersSM account for more healthy pregnancy information.
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MORITZ – The beer of Barcelona
This ‘local brand’ is steeped in the history of Barcelona. Louis Moritz arrived in Barcelona from Alsace in 1851. After teaching beer making to others for 5 years he decided to purchase a small brewery. His beer went on to win many awards including the gold medal at the Universal Expo of Barcelona in 1888. During the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) the brewery became state controlled. The family regained control after the war but faced a challenging economic climate during this period and due to financial difficulties was forced to stop production in 1978.
In 2004 the descendants of Louis Moritz restarted the oldest beer brand in Barcelona at the same location as the initial brewery, Ronda de Sant Antoni in the Raval. It has returned to its position as a leading gastronomic beer being served at Spain’s top restaurants including El Bulli and El Celler de Can Roca.
Louis Moritz started with the philosophy that if 90% of a product is water, then you should invest in excellent water.
The water used to make Moritz is 100% natural spring water sourced from the Font d’Or in Montseny – Guilleries National Park, north of Barcelona. Hops flowers are used instead of extract, making the beer more pure and aromatic.
As for the taste: this lager is clean and pale, a hint of sweet malt with delicate citric hops. It has a lovely balance of sweet and bitter and is very drinkable. Often described as sunshine in a bottle.
330ml Bottles and Cans
Moritz Epidor Dark Lager
Moritz Epidor can best be described as a Bock style lager. Traditionally, a Bock is a lager, amber to dark coloured, stronger in alcohol and coming from Germany. Epidor has a darkish copper colour with an off white head. The nose displays caramel, malt and subtle citrus as a result of the hops. Dominated by a strong malt character, Epidor has some pleasant hop bitterness and a dry lingering finish. It is medium weight and also has medium carbonation making this beer very easy to drink Epidor is great drinking all year round; sip at a slightly warmer temperature in the winter months or ice cold during summer for a full flavoured Bock style. Works well with strong hard cheese and charcuterie.
Moritz 0.0 (Aigua de Moritz)
Aigua de Moritz is a premium non-alcoholic beer made with mineral water.
It is the only non-alcoholic beer made entirely with natural mineral water. Like Moritz Lager, the water is sourced from the Font d’Or springs in Montseny and hops flowers go through cold extraction to produce the intense aroma and perfume.
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Today I want to talk about what I call “Facebook bands”. This isn’t a term, of course, for every artist on Facebook (some are fully professional and use the site extremely well), but rather a term to describe those who misuse Facebook in predictable and typical ways, dooming themselves to stay on Facebook permanently without any outside exposure. Self-imposed social media prison.
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Entries in facebook (25)
This article was co-written by Jon Ostrow and Ariel Hyatt
Last week, we discussed some major obstacles that are stopping your effective growth on your Facebook fan page.
Facebook is making it almost impossible for the non-advertiser to create effective engagement, but there is no doubt that there is also human error involved as well. Take a look at last week’s article for a full breakdown.
The reaction from that article made us realize something…
Do you used Linkedin? If so, Linkedin Groups is a great feature to network and get to know professionals in industries beyond your current circle. It’s also a great way to promote your own professional skills, whether those are in music, marketing, movie making, or anything else.
As a member of nearly two dozen Linkedin Groups, I almost always see the same top post in every group: a callout for members to post their social media sites in a discussion group and to encourage those individuals to follow one another. The reality is that it doesn’t work.
How often do you see people posting, maybe even posted something yourself and then followed through by looking at each of the few hundred comments to check out each person’s page? Even the people who start these groups don’t see a substantial increase in their numbers (they usually have far less followers than comments on that thread).
So how do you get real followers?
Last week I explored the answers the all-to-commonly asked question of ‘why do I need a Facebook fan page if I already have a Facebook personal profile?’. And while I hope that got through to some of you who hadn’t yet made the move to a fan page, there is still another question that needs to be addressed, which is: “Once I have a fan page and have invited all of my friends to join me there, how to I continue to convert fans, and ultimately the engagement, from my personal profile (that has hundreds, if not thousands of friends engaging with me) to a fan page with little-to-no existing engagement?” This is an incredibly valid question, but in all honestly isn’t an easy one to answer (especially with FB changing their own rules on a monthly basis for how posts are seen by your friends and fans), so let’s take a look at a few simple ways that can become an important part of a long-term strategy to convert fans and engagement from your personal profile to your fan page:
Quite often, we at Cyber PR® have musicians who approach us with the same questions: “I don’t have a Facebook fan page, but I DO have a personal profile and everyone tells me I need to get a fan page. Why do I need a fan page if I already have hundreds of friends on my personal page?” This is a very common scenario for independent musicians and unfortunately a personal profile just won’t cut it as an asset in your overall arsenal of marketing tools. While I’m sure we could come up with dozens of reasons to avoid using a personal profile as a marketing tool rather than a fan page, there are 3 critical comments to a fan page that I’d like to shine a light on:
There is a fabulous feature that will help you highlight the things that happen throughout your life an career that you would like to post onto your Facebook Page.
This is a phenomenal tool for going back in time and recording important things in the history of your personal life, your band life, or anything you would like to have highlighted.
For artists that have histories with other bands this is doubly amazing because you can go back and create milestones for practically anything, and really build your story.
The Facebook timeline requirement for pages has been looming for a while and now that it is a requirement, many artists have been wondering how to take advantage of the new features. While I won’t go into the detailed steps about it (there are plenty of other blogs that do that), I did want to offer some unconventional advice. Creating a niche marketing approach through a unique experience for your fans is the best way to grow your audience organically.
Here are some of my tips:
I live in my inbox. Don’t you?
It’s like this. I sit down at my computer, or I pick up my smartphone. First thing I do? I check my email. There I go. I just went into my inbox. I’m at home and I’m greeting people or sending them away.
I like to keep my inbox clean and tidy, just like my real home. Okay, there’s a bit of dust and some dirty socks kicking around. But generally, I keep the place in order because I live there.
The Music Industry
Thinks Out Loud
- Bas Grasmayer: The Next Music Format Case-Study: Twisted Music
- Dave Cool: The Four P’s of Playing Live Shows: Promotion
- Brian Thompson: The Twitter Trolls: How to Deal with Criticism Online
- Ariel Hyatt: Musician’s Arsenal: Killer Apps, Tools & Sites - Facebook’s Timeline
- Jamie Leger: What Can We Learn From Indie Band Pomplamoose?
It’s a big day today, folks, and the office is all a buzz about the exciting new Facebook developments. What Facebook developments, you ask? What!? You haven’t heard??? Timeline has arrived in full force and is now available for brands! Timeline has been received with resistance by some users (but what Facebook update isn’t?), so this may not be music to everyone’s ears. But as far as bands and brands are concerned, this is a powerful move. I tend ramble on a lot at the beginning of these posts, but I’m pretty excited about Timeline, so I’m jumping right in here.
Running a Facebook ad campaign is confusing. You bid for ad placement, but the price you pay bears little relation to your bid. What’s the difference between reach and social reach, connections and clicks, CPC and CPM? More importantly, is there any way to tell how many people played, downloaded, and shared your song, or signed up for your mailing list? (answer: no, there’s not)ReverbNation’s new Promote It tool addresses those shortcomings, and then some. You pick a song, photo, and budget, and it automatically generates dozens of optimized Facebook ads based on past Promote It campaigns, and continually optimizes your campaign based on the performance of those ads. New fans click through to customized landing pages that track not just clicks and likes, but plays, downloads, shares, wall posts, and mailing list signups. As I’m quoted as saying in the press release, “It’s the ultimate ‘set it and forget it’ fan-making machine!” I was invited to try it out and provide feedback during the beta period, and I’m flattered that some of my suggestions made it into the final product. So far I’ve run six campaigns. Let’s walk through the creation and performance of my latest and most successful one.
I’m continuing the Music Marketing Experts FAQs where my favorite gods and goddesses of online marketing and Social Media promotion share with me the questions they get asked the most by musicians.
What’s most important as a promotional tool; Facebook, Twitter, or YouTube?
This past week — completely by accident — I discovered a surprising way to use Facebook to share and sell music. I’m sure some of the more astute Music Think Tank readers already know about this, but I bet most of the musicians who browse these pages have no clue. So as an author, teacher and fellow musician, I feel a duty to pass on this valuable tip. What’s this all about? Well, if you’ve used Facebook at all, you know that the site allows users to easily upload and share photos and videos. That’s great. But there’s no built-in mechanism to easily share audio files — meaning your music!
You can’t live without it.
And you can’t live with it, either.
In the past week, if you have been trying to access the Facebook page for The 1861 Project and wonder why you keep winding up at your own homepage, I have a tale of woe for you. Bear with me here, it’s a bit of a shaggy dog story…
Two weeks ago I created a Facebook “Fan” page for The 1861 Project. Within the “page,” I added some features using a service called DamnTheRadio (DTR), which adds audio and video to a Facebook page, along with the option to lock some of the content behind the “Like” button.
Recent Popular Content
(Updated May 3)
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21 September 2012
178 teachers from 40 countries around the world gathered at Robinson College in Cambridge this week to learn how to hone their leadership skills from experts in the field. Cambridge International Examinations hosted its annual teachers conference entitled, 'Confident learners, confident teachers: new ways of looking at leadership.'
The conference provided an opportunity for teachers from around the world to share best practice, progress teaching methods and develop staff and student leadership skills.
Keynote addresses from education experts around the world revealed cutting edge research and leadership theories. Speeches were followed by workshops which enabled participants to discuss new approaches with fellow teachers. The conference included keynote addresses from:
· Dr Karen Edge, London Centre for Leadership in Learning, Institute of Education, on 'what is leadership?'
· Dr David Frost, Educational Leadership and School Improvement, University of Cambridge, addressing ‘leadership for learning’ with a particular emphasis on teacher leadership
· Susan Douglas, Director, Forter Partnership Ltd, leading a session on 'The student as a leader'
· Professor Geoff Southworth OBE, University of London and University of Cambridge, focusing on 'the future of leadership'
Dr Tristian Stobie, Director of Education for Cambridge International Examinations said: "At first impression, the word 'leadership' might suggest relevance only to school principals and administrators. One of the fundamental ideas of this conference is that leadership should be distributed. Schools who strive for excellence understand this and are constantly striving for school improvement based on everyone playing their part. Having strong leadership is a necessary condition for educational excellence and must concern all educators – classroom teachers and principals alike."
Snehal Pinto, Head of Ryan Group of Schools, India said: "The conference has definitely broadened my own understanding of leadership as a teacher. The key note speakers and workshops have been excellent. The key thing I will take away is the importance of teachers understanding their roles as leaders and how they can act as change agents within the frameworks they have."
Leslie Palmer, Examinations Coordinator for Rotterdam International Secondary School said: "This conference has worked extremely well because it has led with a strong theme, which is fundamentally important for teachers but also challenging to get right. It’s therefore been great to share ideas and learn from colleagues from around the world."
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Lice shampoos containing lindane continue to be allowed in the U.S., despite being slated for a global ban due to the organochlorine pesticide's persistence and toxicity. Last week, Representative Edward J. Markey (D-MA) urged the Obama Administration to pull these products from the U.S. market once and for all.
In 2009, more than 160 nations agreed to ban the agricultural uses of lindane, and to phase out pharmaceutical uses around the world by 2014. Lindane shampoos and lotions have been banned in California since 2002, and several other states have moved to severely restrict the use of these products.
Rep. Markey released a press statement outlining his concern:
In the case of lindane, the cure is worse than disease. There is not a nit of scientific evidence to support the FDA’s decision to continue to allow the use of this toxic chemical for treatment used predominantly on children.
Not only is evidence of the harmful health and environmental effects of lindane strong, studies have shown it is one of the least effective lice control products on the market. Yet the U.S. distributor of lindane shampoos and lotions, Wockhardt USA, continues to aggressively promote its products and resist any restrictions.
Rep. Markey asked the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to respond to a number of specific questions, including:
PAN applauds Markey's efforts to press for action on lindane, and also the long-time efforts of our colleagues at the National Pediculosis Association to highlight the harmful health effects of lindane and promote the adoption of safer alternatives.
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CARTER, SAMUEL FAIN
CARTER, SAMUEL FAIN (1857–1928). Samuel Fain Carter, lumberman and businessman, son of John Quincy Adams and Mildred Ann (Richards) Carter, was born near Huntsville, Alabama, on September 14, 1857. In 1858 the family moved to Sherman, Texas, where in 1870 Samuel began work on the Sherman Courier as printer's devil, compositor, and typesetter. From 1876 to 1881 he worked on the Galveston News. He married Carrie E. Banks of Galveston on June 23, 1882. Carter entered the lumber business in 1881 as bookkeeper for the Texas Train and Lumber Company in Beaumont; he became so familiar with the industry that he was soon managing the sawmill plant at Village Mills. Subsequently, he returned to Beaumont, where he was made manager of the business and bought a stock interest in 1883. He moved in 1892 to Houston, where he and M. T. Jones organized the Emporia Lumber Company, which Carter managed until the sale of his lumber interests in 1906. In 1907 he organized the Lumberman's National Bank (later the Second National Bank) of Houston, of which he was president until January 1, 1927, when he became chairman of the board. He was president of the Houston Building Company and director of the American Maid Flour Mills, the First Texas Joint Stock Land Bank, and the Houston and Texas Central Railway. Carter died in Houston on March 1, 1928, and was buried in Glenwood Cemetery.
Hugh Nugent Fitzgerald, ed., Texans and Their State: A Newspaper Reference Work (2 vols., Houston: Texas Biographical Association, 1918). Houston Post-Dispatch, March 2, 1928. Clarence R. Wharton, ed., Texas under Many Flags (5 vols., Chicago: American Historical Society, 1930).
The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this article.Jeanette H. Flachmeier, "CARTER, SAMUEL FAIN," Handbook of Texas Online (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fca73), accessed May 26, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
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On September 16, the 4th International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of Tuberculosis Drugs was held adjacent to the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) which was held from September 17 to 19. Between the two meetings, there were many updates related to TB drug development. Additional links to TB R&D are included.
In this week’s article, potential cellular biomarkers are explored in the mouse model with three potential markers: PD-1 and TIM-3 on CD8 T cells and KIRG-1 on both CD4 and CD8 T cells. The search for validated biomarkers that can predict treatment success has been a difficult one. The focus of much of the research on biomarkers has been on serum markers, because of practical reasons and considerations of use in resource-limited settings. Henao-Tamayo, et al., took a different focus looking at markers on the surface of lung T cells. Additional links to TB R&D News are included.
This week, we feature an interview with Dr. Edward Nardell who is a pulmonologist with a special interest in tuberculosis. His principal academic appointment is as associate professor of medicine, Harvard Medical School. In 2002 he joined Partners In Health as Director of Tuberculosis Research. During the interview, we discuss with Dr. Nardell his background and interest in TB, the Airbourne Infections Research (AIR) Facility, his thoughts on the MDR-TB epidemic, and his current research focus. Additional links to TB R&D News are included.
The WGND had the opportunity to interview three researchers (Lalita Ramakrishnan, Paul Edelstein, and Christine Cosma) involved in the groundbreaking research on the role of efflux pumps in contributing to drug tolerance during TB treatment which was published in the April 1 issue of Cell. Additional links to TB R&D News are included.
In this week”s TB R&D update, the WGND had the opportunity to talk with Dr. Nuermberger on a recent article entitled “PA-824 exhibits time-dependent activity in a murine model of tuberculosis” that we covered in a previous TB R&D Weekly Update. In the interview, Dr. Nuermberger provides an overview of his present research, key results presented in the article, and in vitro and preclinical testing of TB drug regimens. Also, links to additional news in TB R&D are included.
In this week”s TB R&D update, the WGND had the opportunity to talk with Dr. Lenaerts on a recent article published ahead of print in the Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy journal in December 2010. Dr. Anne Lenaerts is an associate professor at Colorado State University”s College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology. In the interview, Dr. Lenaerts provides an overview of her present research and the article, key recommendations for use of mouse models for testing TB drugs and the issue of relapse studies. Also, links to additional news in TB R&D are included.
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When will the government wake up and stop trying to fix things that aren’t broken? Why stop at separating the sexes in school? Why not separate the students by their race, size, hair color, education level, personalities, or by attractiveness. Then students will look over at the next desk and see themselves. There will be no diversity, no challenges, and definitely no distractions. Children learn from the interaction with one another, and taking away half of the population can only hold them back from reality.
When I think back on high school, I don’t think of math equations, chemistry formulas, or even my lessons in English grammar. In reality when I think of high school I think about falling asleep during boring lectures, memorizing pointless information only to forget it the second I walked out the door, and waiting 45 minutes just to see my friends for five. I know my high school experience wasn’t like this because it was co-ed; it’s inevitable for teenagers to act this way. Responsibility isn’t ranked high on most teenagers’ priority list. Kids are already being forced into an education, therefore they should get more privileges added, not taken away.
Children should get a chance to live their lives to the fullest. They should have fun with their friends, and high school is the perfect place to build relationships. High school was a blast for me, and I guarantee that 3rd period geography and the basic Spanish words I learned weren’t the reason for that. The important skills to learn in high school aren’t taught from a textbook. Building relationships with the opposite sex is a necessity in life. In high school it’s only normal to go on a first date, have a first kiss, and maybe even a first heartbreak. It’s all a part of growing up.
In high school, students are supposed to learn basic skills that will eventually help them find a career and surpass day to day obstacles that life entails. Yes, students need to take full advantage of this opportunity, and Americans wouldn’t pay high tax dollars if they didn’t agree that a good education was necessary. But if a child was adept to only their sex, how will they feel when they are thrown into the real world, a world full of people most parent’s won’t approve of. America can’t shelter their children forever, and the bubble parents and higher authorities are trying to build for today’s children, will eventually burst.
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Welcome to the board!
Another good site for info is Fly Anglers OnLine, Your Complete Internet Flyfishing Resource.
. It has a great beginner's section entitled "flyfishing basics".
I'm not to far from being a newbie myself, so I won't try to give you a lot of technical information. There are people who are much more knowedgeable on the board than I am. What I will do is summarize the mountain of advice given to beginners. I've necessarily read a lot of it recently.
I'll say it very simply, then explain. Floating, weightforward line in a size that matches the rod.
It's very important to match the line weight to the rod weight (it should be written on the rod). What is the weight of the fly rod?
As far as line type, virtually every piece of beginner's advice I've seen suggests a floating line as an initial set-up. It is indeed coated and is considerably thicker than a piece of monofilament. You can get sinking lines, or sink-tip lines, but they are for getting the fly down. They are something people tend to graduate to as they learn/get more into flyfishing (if you're like the rest us, you'll be an addict in no time
). A floating line will handle the bulk of your fishing situations. If you're going after bass, bluegills, trout, etc. that's what I'd get.
Most beginner's advice suggests a weight forward design. That is simply a way of saying the taper of the fly line is such that it places a greater percentage of the line's mass toward the business end. It is easier to cast, and that is good for beginners. Once a while some book or article will suggest starting with a double taper for a beginner, but they are in a small minority. I fish bass, bluegills, crappies, and an occassional trout. Floating, weight forward has been just fine.
If you have a flyshop nearby, this is the place to go. They can explain it to you and show you how to get everything tied together (knots are very important in flyfishing). Frank's suggestion to get a book is a good one. I'd add this: be sure it has a good section on knots. When I started flyfishing a couple of years ago, it was easy to forget how to tie a particular knot. With a book, you can take that information streamside. That's a plus over websites.
A few leaders are also important to have, but people will need to know more about the type of fish you are trying to catch.
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My beloved brothers and sisters and friends, I ask for your faith and prayers this afternoon as I feel moved upon to discuss a subject which I have chosen to call the greatest challenge in the world. It has to do with the privilege and responsibility of being good parents. On this subject there are about as many opinions as there are parents, yet there are few who claim to have all of the answers. I am certainly not one of them.
I feel that there are more outstanding young men and women among our people at present than at any other moment in my lifetime. This presupposes that most of these fine young people have come from good homes and have committed, caring parents. Even so, the most conscientious parents feel that they may have made some mistakes. One time, when I did a thoughtless thing, I remember my own mother exclaiming, “Where did I fail?”
The Lord has directed, “Bring up your children in light and truth.” (D&C 93:40.) To me, there is no more important human effort.
Being a father or a mother is not only a great challenge, it is a divine calling. It is an effort requiring consecration. President David O. McKay stated that being parents is “the greatest trust that has been given to human beings.” (The Responsibility of Parents to Their Children, pamphlet, Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, n.d., p. 1.)
While few human challenges are greater than that of being good parents, few opportunities offer greater potential for joy. Surely no more important work is to be done in this world than preparing our children to be God-fearing, happy, honorable, and productive. Parents will find no more fulfilling happiness than to have their children honor them and their teachings. It is the glory of parenthood. John testified, “I have no greater joy than to hear that my children walk in truth.” (3 Jn. 1:4.) In my opinion, the teaching, rearing, and training of children requires more intelligence, intuitive understanding, humility, strength, wisdom, spirituality, perseverance, and hard work than any other challenge we might have in life. This is especially so when moral foundations of honor and decency are eroding around us. To have successful homes, values must be taught, and there must be rules, there must be standards, and there must be absolutes. Many societies give parents very little support in teaching and honoring moral values. A number of cultures are becoming essentially valueless, and many of the younger people in those societies are becoming moral cynics.
As societies as a whole have decayed and lost their moral identity and so many homes are broken, the best hope is to turn greater attention and effort to the teaching of the next generation—our children. In order to do this, we must first reinforce the primary teachers of children. Chief among these are the parents and other family members, and the best environment should be in the home. Somehow, some way, we must try harder to make our homes stronger so that they will stand as sanctuaries against the unwholesome, pervasive moral dry rot around us. Harmony, happiness, peace, and love in the home can help give children the required inner strength to cope with life’s challenges. Barbara Bush, wife of President George Bush, a few months ago said to the graduates of Wellesley College:
“But whatever the era, whatever the times, one thing will never change: Fathers and mothers, if you have children, they must come first. You must read to your children and you must hug your children and you must love your children. Your success as a family, our success as a society, depends not on what happens in the White House but on what happens inside your house.” (Washington Post, 2 June 1990, p. 2.)
To be a good father and mother requires that the parents defer many of their own needs and desires in favor of the needs of their children. As a consequence of this sacrifice, conscientious parents develop a nobility of character and learn to put into practice the selfless truths taught by the Savior Himself.
I have the greatest respect for single parents who struggle and sacrifice, trying against almost superhuman odds to hold the family together. They should be honored and helped in their heroic efforts. But any mother’s or father’s task is much easier where there are two functioning parents in the home. Children often challenge and tax the strength and wisdom of both parents.
A few years ago, Bishop Stanley Smoot was interviewed by President Spencer W. Kimball. President Kimball asked, “How often do you have family prayer?”
Bishop Smoot answered, “We try to have family prayer twice a day, but we average about once.”
President Kimball answered, “In the past, having family prayer once a day may have been all right. But in the future it will not be enough if we are going to save our families.”
I wonder if having casual and infrequent family home evening will be enough in the future to fortify our children with sufficient moral strength. In the future, infrequent family scripture study may be inadequate to arm our children with the virtue necessary to withstand the moral decay of the environment in which they will live. Where in the world will the children learn chastity, integrity, honesty, and basic human decency if not at home? These values will, of course, be reinforced at church, but parental teaching is more constant.
When parents try to teach their children to avoid danger, it is no answer for parents to say to their children, “We are experienced and wise in the ways of the world, and we can get closer to the edge of the cliff than you.” Parental hypocrisy can make children cynical and unbelieving of what they are taught in the home. For instance, when parents attend movies they forbid their children to see, parental credibility is diminished. If children are expected to be honest, parents must be honest. If children are expected to be virtuous, parents must be virtuous. If you expect your children to be honorable, you must be honorable.
Among the other values children should be taught are respect for others, beginning with the child’s own parents and family; respect for the symbols of faith and patriotic beliefs of others; respect for law and order; respect for the property of others; respect for authority. Paul reminds us that children should “learn first to shew piety at home.” (1 Tim. 5:4.)
One of the most difficult parental challenges is to appropriately discipline children. Child rearing is so individualistic. Every child is different and unique. What works with one may not work with another. I do not know who is wise enough to say what discipline is too harsh or what is too lenient except the parents of the children themselves, who love them most. It is a matter of prayerful discernment for the parents. Certainly the overarching and undergirding principle is that the discipline of children must be motivated more by love than by punishment. Brigham Young counseled, “If you are ever called upon to chasten a person, never chasten beyond the balm you have within you to bind up.” (In Journal of Discourses, 9:124–25.) Direction and discipline are, however, certainly an indispensable part of child rearing. If parents do not discipline their children, then the public will discipline them in a way the parents do not like. Without discipline, children will not respect either the rules of the home or of society.
A principal purpose for discipline is to teach obedience. President David O. McKay stated, “Parents who fail to teach obedience to their children, if [their] homes do not develop obedience society will demand it and get it. It is therefore better for the home, with its kindliness, sympathy and understanding to train the child in obedience rather than callously to leave him to the brutal and unsympathetic discipline that society will impose if the home has not already fulfilled its obligation.” (The Responsibility of Parents to Their Children, p. 3.)
An essential part of teaching children to be disciplined and responsible is to have them learn to work. As we grow up, many of us are like the man who said, “I like work; it fascinates me. I can sit and look at it for hours.” (Jerome Klapka Jerome, in The International Dictionary of Thoughts, comp. John P. Bradley, Leo F. Daniels, and Thomas C. Jones Chicago: J. G. Ferguson Publishing Co., 1969, p. 782.) Again, the best teachers of the principle of work are the parents themselves. For me, work became a joy when I first worked alongside my father, grandfather, uncles, and brothers. I am sure that I was often more of an aggravation than a help, but the memories are sweet and the lessons learned are valuable. Children need to learn responsibility and independence. Are the parents personally taking the time to show and demonstrate and explain so that children can, as Lehi taught, “act for themselves and not … be acted upon”? (2 Ne. 2:26.)
Luther Burbank, one of the world’s greatest horticulturists, said, “If we had paid no more attention to our plants than we have to our children, we would now be living in a jungle of weeds.” (In Elbert Hubbard’s Scrap Book, New York: Wm. H. Wise and Co., 1923, p. 227.)
Children are also beneficiaries of moral agency by which we are all afforded the opportunity to progress, grow, and develop. That agency also permits children to pursue the alternate choice of selfishness, wastefulness, self-indulgence, and self-destruction. Children often express this agency when very young.
Let parents who have been conscientious, loving, and concerned and who have lived the principles of righteousness as best they could be comforted in knowing that they are good parents despite the actions of some of their children. The children themselves have a responsibility to listen, obey, and, having been taught, to learn. Parents cannot always answer for all their children’s misconduct because they cannot ensure the children’s good behavior. Some few children could tax even Solomon’s wisdom and Job’s patience.
There is often a special challenge for those parents who are affluent or overly indulgent. In a sense, some children in those circumstances hold their parents hostage by withholding their support of parental rules unless the parents acquiesce to the children’s demands. Elder Neal A. Maxwell has said, “Those who do too much for their children will soon find they can do nothing with their children. So many children have been so much done for they are almost done in.” (Ensign, May 1975, p. 101.) It seems to be human nature that we do not fully appreciate material things we have not ourselves earned.
There is a certain irony in the fact that some parents are so anxious for their children to be accepted by and be popular with their peers; yet these same parents fear that their children may be doing the things their peers are doing.
Generally, those children who make the decision and have the resolve to abstain from drugs, alcohol, and illicit sex are those who have adopted and internalized the strong values of their homes as lived by their parents. In times of difficult decisions they are most likely to follow the teachings of their parents rather than the example of their peers or the sophistries of the media which glamorize alcohol consumption, illicit sex, infidelity, dishonesty, and other vices. They are like Helaman’s two thousand young men who “had been taught by their mothers, that if they did not doubt, God would deliver them” from death. “And they rehearsed … the words of their mothers, saying: We do not doubt our mothers knew it.” (Alma 56:47–48.)
What seems to help cement parental teachings and values in place in children’s lives is a firm belief in Deity. When this belief becomes part of their very souls, they have inner strength. So, of all that is important to be taught, what should parents teach? The scriptures tell us that parents are to teach their children “faith in Christ the Son of the living God, and of baptism and the gift of the Holy Ghost,” and “the doctrine of repentance.” (D&C 68:25.) These truths must be taught in the home. They cannot be taught in the public schools, nor will they be fostered by the government or by society. Of course, Church programs can help, but the most effective teaching takes place in the home.
Parental teaching moments need not be big or dramatic or powerful. We learn this from the Master Teacher. Charles Henry Parkhurst said:
“The completed beauty of Christ’s life is only the added beauty of little inconspicuous acts of beauty—talking with the woman at the well; showing the young ruler the stealthy ambition laid away in his heart that kept him out of the Kingdom of Heaven; … teaching a little knot of followers how to pray; kindling a fire and broiling fish that his disciples might have a breakfast waiting for them when they came ashore from a night of fishing, cold, tired, and discouraged. All of these things, you see, let us in so easily into the real quality and tone of [Christ’s] interests, so specific, so narrowed down, so enlisted in what is small, so engrossed with what is minute.” (“Kindness and Love,” in Leaves of Gold, Honesdale, Pa.: Coslet Publishing Co., 1938, p. 177.)
And so it is with being parents. The little things are the big things sewn into the family tapestry by a thousand threads of love, faith, discipline, sacrifice, patience, and work.
There are some great spiritual promises which may help faithful parents in this church. Children of eternal sealings may have visited upon them the divine promises made to their valiant forebears who nobly kept their covenants. Covenants remembered by parents will be remembered by God. The children may thus become the beneficiaries and inheritors of these great covenants and promises. This is because they are the children of the covenant. (See Orson F. Whitney, in Conference Report, Apr. 1929, pp. 110–11.)
God bless the struggling, sacrificing, honorable parents of this world. May He especially honor the covenants kept by faithful parents among our people and watch over these children of the covenant. I pray that this may be so in the sacred name of Jesus Christ, amen.
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Below you'll find the description of the training offered to Perl developers and QA departments by Gabor Szabo.
In addition to this three or four day long training on how to use Perl in test automation I am also offering on-site consulting service to kick-start the test automation system by setting up the framework and coaching the developers.
Training: QA Test Automation using Perl
Perl has been used for years in QA for various tasks such as preparing configuration files before the tests run and parsing log files after the test. In the past few years lots of extensions have been added to Perl. Now, in addition to the above tasks Perl can already be used in all parts of the automatic test environment.
The regular length of the course is 32 academic hours including about 50% time for hands-on exercises. It is usually given in 4 days (9:00-17:00 or 10:00-18:00) but it can be spread to a longer period.
At least 6 month experience as a Perl programmer or taking an introductory Perl course prior to this class. (We can arrange to offer those classes as well, if needed.)
After the training attendees will be able to setup their own testing framework and start writing unit tests to their applications. They will also be able to develop their own specific test modules similar to those found in the Test:: name space on CPAN. Those who already have unit testing in their application will be able to extend it with the solid knowledge they get on how and why things work the way they work in TAP.
About Gabor Szabo
Gabor - born in Hungary and living in Israel - has been programming since high-school. He has been using Perl since 1995 and teaching it both in Israel and overseas since 2000.
He is also providing consulting in Perl development with a focus on test and build automation to companies such as Cisco and Checkpoint.
Gabor is a CPAN author and has contributed
tests to many other CPAN modules. He is the developer and maintainer of
CPAN::Forum and that of the
Perl Community AdServer
Gabor is the organizer of the Perl mongers in Israel
and he has been organizing the YAPC and OSDC
conferences in Israel since 2003.
For his work in the Perl community, Gabor has received the White Camel award in 2008.
An old version of the slides can be found here:Published on 2006-07-19 by Gabor Szabo blog comments powered by Disqus
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BEYONDBLUE will sponsor the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras, with organisers inviting the national depression agency's chairman Jeff Kennett to march in the parade.
It's the first time the mental health organisation has teamed up with the 18-day gay pride celebration, which includes drag queen races and a parade with lavish floats.
The partnership with February's festival is significant for beyondblue, which has been criticised in the past for being slow to act on tackling high rates of depression in the gay community.
Mr Kennett, last year claimed that "happy heterosexual marriages are the best environment for the mental health of children", but has since changed his mind and called for same-sex marriage to be legalised.
Earlier this month, beyondblue launched a widely lauded $1 million national advertising campaign to stamp out homophobia.
Mardi Gras co-chair Peter Urmson said beyondblue's involvement was a major partnership and despite his previous views, Mr Kennett would be embraced by the gay community.
"I think it's a real sign of leadership when somebody can acknowledge that they can change their position," he said.
"He's probably the highest-ranked [former] Liberal politician that has shown such strong advocacy for our community and I really feel as though Jeff is coming from a very genuine position and this isn't some orchestrated campaign that he doesn't believe in."
While beyondblue will have a float in the Mardi Gras and volunteers and staff including chief executive Kate Carnell will march in the parade, it is unclear yet if Mr Kennett will take part as he was unavailable for comment.
Mr Urmson joked that anyone who marched would be expected to be "extreme and flamboyant and fabulous".
"We'd love to see Jeff in a pink tutu and his Hawthorn shirt and I'm sure he would be up for it as well. He's not one to shy away from controversy," he said.
Ms Carnell said Mr Kennett was passionate about improving the mental health of the GLBTI (gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and intersex) community.
"There is lots of research to show that discrimination is solidly linked to greater incidence of depression and anxiety and even suicide among GLBTI people, so if people are discriminated against just for being who they are, that's not acceptable, and Jeff is an absolute advocate of that concept," Ms Carnell said.
"Mardi Gras is a great opportunity for us to get that message to one of our target audiences on a mass scale."
Mr Kennett has become an unlikely champion of gay rights in recent times.
Earlier this month when Prime Minister Julia Gillard pulled out of speaking engagement at an Australian Christian Lobby conference after managing director Jim Wallace made homophobic comments, Mr Kennett offered to take her place to debate the religious leader.
He also backed gay country footballer Jason Ball in his successful campaign to persuade the AFL to show anti-homophobia adverts during the finals series.
Mr Kennett is now working with the AFL and Mr Ball to help the league develop more inclusive policies and investigate a gay pride round next season.
Dean Beck, presenter with gay radio station JOY said he felt Mr Kennett's appearance on the station last year was a pivotal moment in his thinking on the same-sex issues.
'I think he gained a real understanding of the difficulties that gay and lesbian people have and how they continue to battle on under all sorts of pressures," Mr Beck said.
"What I admire about him is not only has he taken all that on board but he's willing to express his change of heart publicly, that's a really powerful thing.
"We'd love to see Jeff march in the Mardi Gras parade but he doesn't have to dress up. I'd be happy for him to just wear a pink tie."
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Requests: If you need specific information on this remedy - e.g. a proving or a case info on toxicology or whatsoever, please post a message in the Request area www.homeovision.org/forum/ so that all users may contribute.
According to the Chinese legend, the Emperor Chen Nung – called the “Divine Raper “ – because of the great impulse given to agriculture, was so maniac about hygiene that he never drank but boiled water and had ordered his citizens to keep to the same practice. Once, in the year 2737 B.C., while he was seated relaxing under the shadow of a wild tea-tree, a light breeze made some tea leaves fall into some boiling water which turned into an inviting golden colour. Curiosity prevailed and the Great Emperor sipped for the first time the delicious drink called tea.
After he had drunk it he was pervaded with an indescribable sense of pleasant well-being. He wanted to learn more about the tree that had produced the leaves causing such wonderful effects , and thus started promoting its use and cultivation. That is how the use of Tea originated.
Japanese Buddhists introduced a particular variation on this legend. They tell that Bodhidarma, after three long years of uninterrupted waking , eventually fell asleep and dreamt of some women he had fallen in love with in his youth. But when he woke up he was so furious because of his weakness that to punish himself he cut his eyelids and buried them. After some years, passing by the same place, he noticed that on the very same spot where he had buried his eyelids a wild shrub had grown whose leaves produced a wonderful drink giving vigour and being the best remedy to keep eyes wide-open during the long nights of vigil meditation. He recommended it to his friends and disciples and that is how the use and cultivation of tea originated.
The voyage of Prince Bodidharma in China is registered in the Chinese reports during the reign of Vu Yu in 543 A.C..
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Is this who we are, now? On Wednesday, a horse was found dead in Darndale Park. The horse had been tortured, disembowelled, its ears and anus gone. A reward has been offered for information.
Did no one hear anything? That horse would have screamed. There would have been panic, hooves drumming the ground for escape from the thing that held – him? her? – by the halter. It would have taken more than one person to subdue the frantic animal for the mutilation. Whatever else that cruel assault may have been, it would not have been silent.
A thing that struck me about the rescue of the kidnapped women in Ohio, earlier this month, was that it was lucky for Amanda Berry that the man who heard her scream and came to break his neighbour’s door down to get her out was the type to get involved. There are many who would have looked the other way, many who might have re-considered later, who might even have made an anonymous call to the police – but there’s no telling if such a delayed call would have led to the release of the women, or to more beatings, or even to murder. There was a moment for action, one single moment, to be seized or lost. Those moments pass quickly.
We live on a fold of rock at the city’s edge. We hear things, at night, especially in summer, when the dark is thin and sounds seep through. Night terrors. Small animals being taken. The eerie, stolen-baby cries of vixens, the screams of frogs. In summer, there are parties on the beaches and on the hills as well as in the gardens. There are cycles of destructiveness – to cars, to houses, to trees. There are rows. Accusation. Challenge. Weeping. It can be difficult to pinpoint the exact place where these things are happening – did that glass break one street away? Two? But they spend themselves, the arguments. Friends intervene. The young people go home. Every time, I listen and wonder, is this the time to intervene? To do what? Am I missing something that may turn out, later, to be a clue?
In a local murder, many years ago, a neighbour heard a scream, and dismissed it. Later, the timing of that scream became a feature of the pleas for information. It was an anchor, of sorts, in the investigation, one known thing in a violent fog of confusion. The thing is, if that was you, how would you live with it, the doing nothing? Would you have been brave enough to admit to it, after?
There’s an instant when a scream leaps inside us, a creature calling to be saved. An echo marks the place where it was taken. Sometimes we’re powerless, sometimes we don’t recognize what we hear until too late. We might be indifferent, for reasons of our own. We’d do well to remember that, left unchallenged, whatever’s out there doing its lethal work – the thing we turn away from – sooner or later, that thing will come for us.
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Rapid disappearance of Polylepis forests in the high Andes of Peru and Bolivia endangers many forest birds that inhabit these woodlands. Andean peoples living near Polylepis woodlands depend on these dwindling forests for fuel wood, medicine, and ritual purposes. These forests are threatened by cutting trees for firewood, clearing for pastures, and overgrazing cattle which prevent natural regeneration. These native forests act like sponges, holding water for longer periods than pastures. Their disappearance has negative consequences on the watersheds, ecosystems, and people living downstream. The goal of this project is to work with local communities protect and restore Polylepis forests.
Three globally threatened birds: the Ash-breasted Tit-tyrant, Royal Cinclodes, and the White-browed Tit-spinetail and many other endemic birds.
YouTube - Royal Cinclodes by ABC
Reduce the demand for Polylepis as a fuel wood by supplying fuel-efficient stoves to local residents and make sustainable sources of wood such as eucalyptus available as an alternative to cutting Polylepis. Restore, fence, and protect Polylepis habitat. Work with local communities to establish private conservation areas on community land.
In Peru’s Vilcanota Mountains, ABC and ECOAN established seven Private Conservation Areas on community-owned lands. The reserves span more than 15,600 acres and are recognized by the Peruvian National Government as part of the country's official system of protected areas. They protect vital wetlands, Polylepis forests, and watersheds for downstream communities.
Between 2002 and early 2012, ABC and ECOAN planted over 650,000 Polylepis seedlings on more than 870 acres to restore and expand Polylepis woodlands. Participating communities helped establish tree nurseries.
ABC and ECOAN have helped reduce Polylepis woodland degradation in the vicinity of protected areas in the Vilcanota Mountains by providing communities with hundreds of fuel-efficient stoves and many tons of alternative fuel-wood. ABC and ECOAN helped erect miles of fencing to exclude grazing cattle and encourage natural regeneration in Polylepis woodlands.
48,000 alders and other native trees have been planted alongside 142,000 eucalyptus and pines for fuelwood plantations, providing communities with alternatives to Polylepis.
ABC funded construction of visitor centers, guard houses, and other infrastructure at multiple Vilcanota reserves to aid communities in managing their reserves and hosting tourists, who provide income through entrance fees and the purchase of locally produced textiles.
ABC and partners established a $2 million endowment fund in 2011 to sustain and improve management of the Vilcanota reserves and project activities. This fund will begin supporting project activities in 2012.
In exchange for land protection, tree planting, and other conservation efforts by participating communities in the Vilcanota Mountains, ABC and ECOAN have provided benefits to these communities including technical assistance to improve grazing practices and textile marketing, health campaigns, training in tourism and management of protected areas, vegetable greenhouses to improve nutrition, and solar panels to provide electricity and heat water.
Establish additional private conservation areas.
Bird population monitoring.
Develop and market ecotourism packages for the private conservation areas.
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Posted April 24, 2007 Atlanta
Communications and Marketing
Contact David Terraso
When a person's under stress or injured, the adrenal gland releases cortisol to help restore the body's functions to normal. But the hormone's effects are many and varied, lowering the activity of the immune system, helping create memories with short-term exposure, while impairing learning if there's too much for too long. Given the variety of its effects,understanding how cortisol is made is essential to producing medications that can alter its production.
Scientists at the Georgia Institute of Technology have discovered an important step in cortisol production, finding that although the output of the hormone is continuous, the molecular production is cyclic in nature - involving a rhythmic binding and unbinding of a protein essential to its production. The research, which increases understanding of how the brain and the endocrine system work together to regulate health, appears in the February issue of the journal Molecular Endocrinology.
Turning cholesterol into the stress hormone cortisol involves many reactions and begins when the hypothalamus sends a signal to the adrenal glands. Proteins then flood into the nucleus to bind to the DNA, creating the gene CYP 17. What happens next is well understood; CYP 17, along with a battery of other enzymes, transforms cholesterol into cortisol. But what isn't understood is how this protein binding creates CYP 17, or which proteins are important. So, graduate students Eric Dammer and Adam Leon, along with Marion Sewer, assistant professor in Georgia Tech's School of Biology, decided to model the events that occur after the adrenal gland receives the signal.
One of the things the signal does is cause adrenal cells to increase their production of cyclic AMP (cAMP), a chemical that encourages proteins to interact. So they began by causing the cells to make more cAMP. Then as the proteins assembled on the DNA, they tested the cells at different intervals in order to get a snapshot of which proteins were interacting, both with each other and the DNA and in which order this occurred. Then they mutated the proteins to stop them from fulfilling their roles.
"One of the best ways to try and figure out the function of a protein or a gene is to get rid of it or mutate it so that it's not acting normally. Then you compare it with one that is acting normally," said Sewer.
In this study, they focused on a protein known as steriodogenic factor 1 (SF-1), which is essential for making all steroid hormones. Researchers were interested in discovering what events have to occur in order for SF-1 to bind to DNA.
The first thing they found was that because DNA is so tightly packed in the nucleus, SF-1 can't bind to it until it's unpacked by a group of proteins. Once that happens, SF-1 binds to the genes, beginning the process that makes CYP 17 and ultimately cortisol. But it's not a continuous process, they found.
"Once SF-1 binds, it leaves. A few minutes later other proteins come in and condense the DNA," said Sewer. "After that SF-1 binds again, then leaves, and the proteins cause the DNA to contract again."
This cycle goes on as long as the adrenal gland is receiving the signal.
"Even though you get a sustained production of cortisol, the actual molecular events that happen in the nucleus are dynamic," said Sewer. "It's an extremely complex series of events that starts within minutes of the adrenal gland receiving the signal. Without all these transient binding events, the adrenal gland fails to produce optimal levels of cortisol."
Next the team will investigate how small molecules - ligands - regulate cortisol production by binding to SF-1 and controlling the receptor's ability to bind to DNA.
This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation and the Georgia Cancer Coalition.
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Let me propose a way to balance the federal budget -- slash it and the taxes sent to feed it, in half, starting in 2013.
Granted, such a suggestion sounds a bit radical. After all, in spite of what we like to tell ourselves, we have become increasingly dependent on "mothering" by Uncle Sam, which takes money. The federal budget will never be balanced until we Americans take adult authority over their own responsibilities rather than behaving like we are entitled to the fruits of others' labors.
Naturally, such suggestion to return to American founding values will be met with the charge of not only radical but racist, Nazi, mean, and any of a number of other unflattering -- and untrue -- insults. There are none more vicious than those defending the right to benefit from what others accomplished. The decision as to whom gets my money or how it should be spent is not within my right to decide.
How much of the federal government's own money makes up its budget? None. The federal government only has money when it takes from the producers of this nation. How much control do we have over the way the government spends the money we send them?
In practical terms, none. How much of the federal government's spending do we approve of? If we are like most people, very little. Given the answers to just these three questions, the idea of cutting the federal budget in half is not really a very radical idea at all.
Our nation was set up under a federalist design. The Constitution states that the federal government is limited to those things required of it in the Constitution and all else is the responsibility of the states. So if some Americans want to be mothered why not leave the money in the states and have government originate there? Then at least the federal government will not have the ability to create policy that will affect the entire population.
Consider the housing crisis: If Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were not federally backed mortgage houses, would it have been possible for them to overheat, then collapse the entire housing market by lending to those who could not afford the overpriced houses their policies created? By applying its practices across the entire housing market, it created a nation-sized disaster, and have obligated every taxpayer to pay for these bad loans.
If the federal government were not block-granting money for education would every state be trying to push their education program toward federal levels of mediocrity instead of trying to use their own funds to the greatest advantage for the benefit of their citizens? If the result of cutting the federal budget was that the federal Department of Education was shuttered, and the people of Utah wanted to have a state Department of Education, doesn't it stand to reason that the result would be more effective than the federal department? After all, the closer the tax dollars are spent to where they are collected, the more control those whose pockets are being picked have over how the money is spent.
If the federal budget was cut in half, how much of the land the federal government now controls would they be forced to return to the states? If Utah had control of all the land the federal government now controls within our state borders, how much better for Utah would the decisions about its stewardship be made by state legislators? How much might these decisions help the economy of Utah?
As for entitlements, if the federal budget was cut in half, wouldn't we be able to create our own retirement accounts or medical savings accounts that Washington D.C. politicians could not spend whenever they see something shiny they want? We are currently enjoying a (federal) payroll tax holiday.
Do you know that the payroll tax is money used to pay Social Security benefits, and at some point we will have to pay back the taxes that were not collected for the past year, and however much longer the tax holiday lasts?
Why should politicians be able to monkey with what is supposed to be your retirement safety net?
At some point in the near future, Americas will need to overcome their fear to of being free, of defending their constitutional liberties and responsibilities, and make some tough decisions in order to not become Greece or most of Europe. If we don't the American economy will take a back seat to Pacific Rim countries, or India, or South America. Without the will to take back control of their own responsibilities, and the money it takes to do so, there is little chance that the prosperity America has known will continue.
Mitchell is a blue-collar, public-school educated resident of North Ogden and a former resident of several other states, including Arizona.
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Peer Effects in Education
In other words, there are three findings. You should want your kids to be in a class with (1) high-achieving kids and (2) low variance in achievement. And (3) you should care more if you have a smart kid.
We find that students benefit from having higher achieving schoolmates and from having less variation in the quality of peers in their schools.... The marginal effect of a one percent increase in the quality of peers on student achievement is equivalent to between 8−15% of a one percent increase in one’s own earlier achievement.
We find that peer effects operate in a heterogeneous manner. High ability students benefit more from having higher achieving schoolmates and from having less variation in peer quality than students of lower ability.
Effect (2) suggests that ability tracking is generally beneficial, because it puts all kids in low-variance environments. However, because tracking raises the average peer for high-ability kids and lowers the average peer for low-ability kids, effect (1) makes high-ability kids achieve more and low-ability kids achieve less. Effect (3) then compounds the increased inequality.
In short, ability tracking appears to be a policy that increases efficiency and decreases equality--another example of the Big Trade-off.
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Over the past quarter century, the field of genealogy has developed its own vocabulary to describe the evolving standards. Unfortunately, some of these terms are used in other fields with slightly different meanings. Here, in no particular order, are the top five most misused words and phrases in modern genealogy.
Especially to beginning genealogists, the term “research” is equivalent to “looking for records.” The more experience one gains, the more one becomes aware of how little of the research process is actually involved in physically looking for records. Far more research is conducted after a document has been located. Research also includes
- learning more about the record itself–its creation, background, and purpose;
- identifying the information the record holds;
- determining how this information applies to our research problem;
- assessing the reliability of the information;
- correlating the information with that held in other records previously located;
- and deducing what clues in the record point to potential sources for more information.
In all, I would estimate that about 20% of all research is actually conducted in the physical search for records. The remaining 80% involves the forming of conclusions based on the information turned up in that physical search.
2. “Primary” and “Secondary”:
You will often hear researchers in other fields refer to primary and secondary documents or records. In genealogy, we differentiate between original records and derivative records. These terms generally correspond with what other fields call primary (original) and secondary (derivative). Since many of us learned these terms in these other fields (or even in genealogy years ago, before the current definitions evolved), it is common to hear genealogists refer to “primary” and “secondary” records.
In current usage, reliable eyewitness testimony is considered primary, while information provided by someone who was not a witness or participant is considered secondary. Experienced genealogists, who always strive to review the original record rather than a derivative source, understand that any single record can contain information of different natures. A death certificate might provide both birth and death information, for example. In most cases, while the information about the death may be primary, the birth information is secondary. This is why we discuss primary and secondary information, as opposed to primary and secondary documents.
The term “evidence” refers to how we apply information to our research problem. There are two kinds of evidence, as defined in modern genealogy: direct and indirect.
Direct evidence refers to information that directly answers our research question. For example, if our research question asks, “when was John born?,” then a record containing the information, explicitly stated, that John was born on 4 July 1826, would be considered as containing direct evidence.
Indirect evidence refers to information that is relevant to our question but does not directly answer it. For example, using the same question about John’s birth, we examine a series of annual tax lists. John does not appear on any tax list until 1847. We then review the tax laws of that time period, and discover that men were required to pay taxes beginning at the age of 21. The tax records do not explicitly state John’s date of birth, but we can infer that he was at least 21 years of age at this time. This appearance on the tax lists therefore constitutes indirect evidence of his date of birth.
The term “evidence” is not synonymous with either the terms “information” or “proof,” but this is how it is most often used by many genealogists. Information is held by records. Evidence is how we apply this information to our research problem. And proof is …
We often hear from other genealogists that a certain record proves a certain fact. This is a common misunderstanding of the concept of “proof.” No record contains proof. Records contain information.
As genealogists, we identify, evaluate, and correlate the information in these records, through which process we discern each piece of information’s individual value as evidence. Eventually, we hope to reach a soundly reasoned conclusion. ”Proof” refers to the documented summary of the evidence that leads to our conclusion.
The Genealogical Proof Standard, itself an often-misunderstood concept, is the measure by which we judge our proof arguments. In its most common phrasing, the Standard contains five parts: conduct a reasonably exhaustive (or extensive) search for all relevant records, completely and accurately cite all sources used, correlate and evaluate all evidence, reconcile all contradictory evidence, and form a soundly reasoned, written conclusion. The extent to which each of these parts is demonstrated and documented in the written proof argument helps to determine the probable reliability of the conclusions.
Because it is most often phrased as five “parts,” many researchers begin to think of the Genealogical Proof Standard as a five-step process: first we do a search, then cite, then correlate, etc. On the contrary, in the course of our research, these “steps” are rarely completed in order. While searching for relevant records, we must cite and evaluate each individual record as we find it. Certainly, one begins by searching for relevant records and ends with the written conclusion, but the rest of the Standard is an ongoing process. How we define relevant itself evolves with each new record located.
As we begin to form conclusions, we should honestly assess our research against the Genealogical Proof Standard to determine whether or not our conclusion is warranted by our research.
This is a dangerously misused and misunderstood term for aspiring professional genealogists. Unfortunately, the misunderstanding stems most often from genealogical software programs, which are using the same term in a different context.
When one inputs one’s information and conclusions in a genealogy database program, it is common (and recommended) practice to periodically print out this information. In all database software, the output of data into a readable format based on specific parameters is called a report. Genealogy software most often includes the ability to print this data out into a rudimentary compiled genealogy in either NGSQ or Register formats, or compiled pedigree in Sosa-Stradonitz format. These are called, by the database, “reports.”
The research report provided by a professional genealogist–and even those reports one writes for one’s personal research files–are generally not in the form of a compiled genealogy or pedigree. A compiled genealogy or pedigree may be part of the research report, but not necessarily. In my reports, genealogies or pedigrees are most often used as a system of organization or summary of conclusions rather than the body of the report itself.
A professional research report, in general terms, is a detailed, documented report of the research conducted. This would include discussions of all of the processes described above under “Research,” as well as the formation of proof arguments and full conclusions. It also includes all negative searches conducted, that is, those indexes, databases, and record groups searched where no relevant results were located. All of these would be contained in the body of a report.
Professional genealogist’s research reports also contain other sections: a reiteration of the stated goals (both long-term and short-term, if applicable), a summary of all information provided or known at the beginning of the research, a brief summary of the conclusions reached within the report usually located before the main body, and suggestions for further research.
In other words, a research report simply does not resemble the reports printed by database software. The two terms are not synonymous at all–and given the very different contexts of their usage, should not be misunderstood to be so.
These are the words and phrases I see and hear misused most often by other genealogists. What are some other terms that are commonly misused?
If you would like to cite this post: Michael Hait, “The 5 Most Misused Words and Phrases in Genealogy,” Planting the Seeds: Genealogy as a Profession blog, posted 19 Aug 2011 (
: accessed [access date]). [Please also feel free to include a hyperlink to the specific article if you are citing this post in an online forum.]
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Injured Iraq Vet Becomes Symbol For Occupy Oakland
The bloodied face of a 24-year-old Iraq veteran has become a symbol for protesters in Oakland, Calif., drawing attention to the level of force used by police and sparking criticism of the mayor's handling of the Occupy movement.
Scott Olsen came to Occupy Oakland after work Tuesday night to support the protesters. Witnesses say that when clashes broke out, he was struck in the head by a projectile fired by police — either a rubber bullet or a tear gas canister. He was hospitalized with a fractured skull.
"When he was getting carried away, his hat fell off," said 20-year-old Claire Chadwick, who came to Highland Hospital in Oakland on Thursday to check on Olsen. "I ran back and grabbed it. His military hat, I thought he would want it back."
Chadwick was one of the protesters who carried Olsen away from the scene. She says she screamed for medical help, but it never came.
"I held his face in my hands while he was bleeding out of the mouth, unconscious, while his eyes were rolling in the back of his head," she said.
Olsen's friends say protesters rushed him to the hospital. Images of his injuries spread quickly on social media sites, which is how fellow veterans and friends like Matt Howard heard what happened. Like Olsen, Howard is a member of IVAW, Iraq Veterans Against the War.
"I woke up in the morning and checked my Facebook page, and realized that a picture that had a Marine veteran was in fact Scott," he said. "You know, I was shocked, the fact that one of our own guys, a veteran or an IVAW member, that something like that happened to him was a little bit unbelievable."
Chief surgeon Dr. Alden Harken reported Thursday night that Olsen was breathing on his own and capable of moving his body.
"He clearly understands what we are saying — huge neurological improvements over what he was when he got here," he said. "He's still having trouble articulating words. I anticipate that that will improve."
Oakland Mayor Jean Quan also came to visit Olsen. Highland's spokesperson, Vintage Foster, said the mayor said she was sorry for what happened, and that the city was investigating. Earlier in the week, Oakland's Police Chief Howard Jordan told reporters Olsen's injury is being treated as a lethal force incident.
As of Thursday night, Occupy Oakland protesters re-occupied the plaza in front of City Hall. Many veterans gathered with protesters to pay tribute to Olsen. On Friday, the hospital reported that Olsen is in fair condition and expected to make a full recovery.
Denise Tejada is a reporter for Turnstylenews.com, a project of Youth Radio.
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Archive for May, 2012
In the LSCI Skills for Parents trainings, we teach parents and caregivers skills for preventing power struggles and declining invitations to arguments. I like this honest account from bestselling author, Rosaline Wiseman–both for her showing how easily we all can get drawn into conflict and how the simplest of moves can de-escalate situations effectively.
Rachel Simmons is one of the first people to inspire me to work in the field of girl bullying. I love what she says here to girls–encouraging them to own their feelings and accept their imperfections. I also love the practical skill set she encourages: giving girls a framework for analyzing what they can do better and what they did well in particular aspects of their lives.
While you are checking out Rachel’s video, be sure to browse around the Toward the Stars site–it’s a brand new initiative launched by the visionary Ines Almeida. Her “tribe’s” purpose is to help reduce the threats to girlhood that crush girls ‘ true nature and potential. Her dream is to create a unique marketplace focused on changing gender stereotypes that cause girls to obsess over body image, keep them from taking leadership roles, and limit girls’ interests in sciences and math.
Check out these great excerpts from a recent interview about bullying with bestselling children’s author, Trudy Ludwig. She is the author of My Secret Bully, which I recommend most highly and center one of my chapters around in Friendship & Other Weapons.
I especially love the definitions of rude vs. mean vs. bullying and her highlighting of issues such as the power of allies and the importance of restorative justice.
A good friend just let me know that last week, this article that I wrote for the Huffington Post was featured on AOL’s home page–very exciting! I hope it provides some helpful tips and strategies for parents, as they help a very tech-savvy generation become bully-savvy as well. Here’s an excerpt:
At not-quite-nine, I am still amazed everyday at how natural and intuitive technology usage is to my daughter and to all of her peers who have grown up with computers, cell phones, tablets and texting as part of their everyday lives. I am also aware, however, that things like Internet Safety, Cyberbullying and “Netiquette” may not register on her radar the same way they do on mine.
When she was very young, I worried about the unknown: online predators who could try to trick her into revealing personal information so that they could cause her physical harm. Now, in her tween years, I know that “stranger danger” is still a threat, but I spend more of my time worrying about the known: frenemies from her daily life who may use taunting texts, humiliating social media posts and viral videos to cause her emotional harm. It’s no wonder that when she begs me (at least once daily) for a cell phone, I feel chills run up and down my spine.
No matter how tech-savvy my daughter becomes, I am constantly aware that she is young and that it is up to me to monitor her safety and well-being with technology in the same consistent, diligent way that I ensure her well-being on a playground. These basic rules are our first line of defense in minimizing (I’m too wise to think that “preventing” is realistic) cyberbullying and using technology in safe, respectful ways:
To read about the six strategies I suggest to parents, please visit the HuffingtonPost or click this link:
This week, two new reviews of How to Be Angry were posted on amazon.com by two new readers–both Moms–one a therapist, one a manager. I am completely honored to get this feedback from both of them:
Leslie TenBroeck writes:
As a licensed therapist (a good one) and a parent (a so-so one), I found this book helpful in all realms. I’m always on the lookout for good group therapy curriculum, at the same time, trying to help my very emotional and rigid son find new ways to manage his anger. The book is written without a lot of jargon, which I find to be a plus. This would be great for schools as well.
PA Mom writes:
I am not a therapist or a teacher. I am a mom and a manager of a large team. WOW – this book is an AMAZING tool. As soon as I started reading it, I became instantly aware of how I express anger, and how my son expresses it. But what I learned also applied to my management role. I’ve already started applying some of the principles and techniques at home and at work, and I’m amazed at the results. A little awareness goes a LONG way. And I must agree with one of the other reviewers – the confirmation that anger is healthy is really refreshing. What this book does, is help us — ALL of us — to learn how to express anger in a healthy way. Highly recommend this book!
Check out these and other reviews at:
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If you are having trouble with the NLR website, please provide details here, and we will try to improve the site accordingly.
All athletes who competed in the Games of the New Emerging Forces at Jakarta last year have been indefinitely suspended by the iaaf. This means that they will not be able to take part in the Tokyo Olympics.
The ban includes athletes from 47 countries. Their fault was to go ahead and compete at Jakarta after they had been warned that ganefo infringed iaaf laws, because Indonesia had not invited Israel and Taiwan to send teams. The laws in question are those designed to do the impossible, ‘to keep politics out of sport’; whatever one thinks of the exclusion of Israel, their effect has been to reduce the Olympics into a European-North American rump, firmly entrenching politics in sport. The ban has not attracted much notice in Britain because it is felt that the banned ganefo athletes were hardly serious competitors anyway, at best picturesque participants in the opening march-past. In fact, of course, the ban has utterly destroyed the point of the Olympics and turned them into an arena for the narcissism of the advanced nations. The gap in athletic ‘standards’ between the Olympics and ganefo reflects the gap between riches and poverty, between health and disease, between exploiters and exploited. The obverse of the Olympic athletes, spangled with gold and silver medals, is the under-nourished and diseased masses of the 47 ganefo nations. ganefo represents an important moment in their struggle for independence and dignity. The Olympics no longer represent anything, despite the aureole of high ideals which still embellishes them.
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Sophomore Jake Galloway drew a portrait of Chirac for the Regional Foreign Language Fair, which was at Murray State University on March 8. He entered it in the frameable art contest and won second place, while Trigg student Lindsey Darnall won first place.
As the students boarded the bus to head home, Galloway offered French teacher Matthew Lindsey the portrait as a gift. After Lindsey accepted it, the gears in his mind started turning. On a whim, he decided to go to the presidential palace Web site and look up the contact information for Chirac’s office. He then wrote a letter in French to the office asking if the president would be interested in receiving the portrait and enclosed a photograph of it and Galloway.
Lindsey said he hadn’t necessarily expected to hear back from the president’s office, so he didn’t even mention to Galloway that he sent the letter. He couldn’t resist mentioning it to his other classes, though. By the time Lindsey told him he had received a letter of response, everyone seemed to know about it except for Galloway.
“Even my sister (Sarah) knew before I did,” Galloway said.
In the letter, Marchand wrote that the president was “very moved” by the portrait and touched by Galloway’s show of “l’esteem” (respect). He told Lindsey in the letter that he should contact the French Embassy in Washington, D.C. and that they would act as “par l’intermediaire,” a term Lindsey had not heard before. It meant that he could send it to the president through the embassy with them acting as a go-between.
For the rest of this story, read this week's Cadiz Record.
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PENSACOLA NAVAL AIR STATION — Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Martin Dempsey said Wednesday that relationships and understandings between NATO forces and Afghans are key to resolving tensions surrounding the burning of Muslim holy books at a U.S. military base.
Dempsey told reporters at Pensacola Naval Air Station in the Florida Panhandle that the Quran burnings were done by mistake and not “an act of malice.”
Dempsey answered media questions after spending nearly an hour holding an open forum with about 400 sailors and Marines.
The U.S. apologized on Tuesday for burning the copies of the Quran, which had been pulled from a detention facility because detainees had put extremist messages in them.
Protests over the burnings at Bagram Air Field spread on Wednesday across four provinces of Afghanistan and some clashes between Afghan police and protesters turned deadly.
“Emotions go very high but I think over time people realize that it wasn’t willful, purposeful,” he said. “It wasn’t intended in anyway to be an act of malice toward a particular religion or its practices.”
The longer-term consequences on NATO’s mission in Afghanistan, depend largely on how NATO and local Afghan leadership on scene react, he said.
“That is why relationships are so important so that there is a certain trust on which to build to help these issues get resolved.”
Earlier Wednesday, Dempsey answered questions ranging from the ethical constraints of using unmanned drones in combat to child care and child custody issues.
Navy Ensign Thomas Dugan, an aspiring flight student, asked about drones.
“Any time we deploy that capability we only do so with a very serious discussion about the legality, the authorized use of military force,” Dempsey said. “This is not a bunch of Nintendo generation kids sitting somewhere with a little joy stick.”
Dugan said he was inspired to ask the question because of course he’d taken that his senior year at Notre Dame that touched on the issue.
Gunnery Sgt. Hope Booth, a 16-year veteran Marine, asked if there is anything the military can do to support service members who have lost custody of their children in divorce cases. Booth told Dempsey that her frequent moves because of her military service appeared to count against her in her custody dispute and contributed to her losing custody of her child.
Dempsey said he received a similar comment at another forum and promised to investigate the issue.
“I was nervous,” Booth said after the forum. “But it was important to me and I wanted to get the question out there. I think it he will look into it.”
Also Wednesday, Dempsey told the sailors and Marines that he likes the possibility of consolidating some services between the military branches such as medicine. Each of the branches and the Veterans Administration has different systems for ordering prescriptions and record keeping, he said.
“It just makes sense for effectives and efficiency to collapse the system,” he said.
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The capital of Romania lies in the south, or Wallachia as it is sometimes called (in Romanian it is known simply as “Romanian Country”). The name in Romanian (Bucureşti) means “City of Joy”, named after a shepherd who is the legendary founder of the city. It is true that it really is a bustling city - Romania currently has the highest growth in car ownership in Europe – although the people of Bucharest say that the problem is not too many cars, just not enough roads! The city has survived the attempt to turn it into a show-piece communist capital.
Even with the lightening fast arrival of a secularising culture from the west, a great respect for the church remains, as witnessed by the people who stop to venerate a church as they pass in front of it. Brother Alois took up this theme in one of the meditations he gave during the visit:
“Today we must face up to a great challenge. Modernity is accelerating the rhythm of life, deeply changing society and our ways of being. The new opportunities that it brings are extraordinary. It is not a question of us turning our back on this. But a deeper grounding of ourselves is essential so that technological and economic progress can go hand in hand with more humanity. Where can we put down our roots? Which source do we live from? Here we are gathered to go together to that source. It is in a personal communion with Christ Jesus, in trust and in his love.”
Many historic churches and monasteries were destroyed during the redevelopment of the city in the 1980s, but many beautiful, tiny churches remain. Some were saved by being moved on rails for up to 500m out of the way of the bulldozers preparing the way for the “blocks” and the infamous “House of the People” (now the Palace of Parliament). Bucharest is the seat of the Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church. His Beatitude Daniel, the recently elected Patriarch, visited Taizé when he was younger and teaching in Switzerland. During the visit to Bucharest brother Alois was welcomed very warmly at the Patriarchate and also by the Roman Catholic Archbishop.
Brother Roger was able to make a brief visit to Bucharest in January 1990, when he met Father Galeriu and Father Stăniloae, Orthodox priests who had spent many years resisting the dictatorship. This year the brothers were able to return to Fr. Galeriu’s church, St. Silvester, for a celebration of Orthodox vespers which brought together young people from across the city and beyond.
There was a feeling that this visit had been prepared by many people over several decades. Fr. Bordasiu, current parish priest of St. Silvester, who began sending groups to Taizé from Bucharest in 1990, remembered the visits of Brother Grégoire already in the 1970s. At that time, this kind of activity was dangerous and they had to be careful to make sure their story about what he was doing in Romania was the same for the police. A senior priest at the Patriarchate told us about meeting two brothers from Taizé by chance in the street when he was a student in the early 1980s. They were a bit lost, looking for a monastery they wanted to visit. He showed them the way and afterwards they left him with a Taizé dove-cross, which he still keeps to this day.
Iaşi is the principle city of Romanian Moldavia (Moldova in Romanian). About half of historical Moldova now lies in Romania, the other half forming the Republic of Moldova, and parts of Ukraine. It is a beautiful land of relaxed friendly people. Moldova has always been the spiritual heart of the Romanian people. Hundreds of thousands of people make their way to Iaşi each October for the Saint Parascheva pilgrimage. The medieval painted monasteries of the region are famous throughout the world. They have a unity of Gothic and Byzantine architecture which underlines the fact that this is where east meets west, and that these two parts of the church belong together. The monks and nuns kept the faith alive throughout the times of persecution and today the monasteries are once again full of life.
The brothers were very warmly welcomed in Iaşi by the Catholic Bishop; the new Orthodox Metropolitan has not yet arrived in the city. A vigil prayer led by the young people of the diocese took place in the Cathedral. People from other cities in Moldova and a group of young people from one of the Orthodox churches in Iaşi who have been to Taizé also took part.
The next day the brothers were able to visit the mother of Luminiţa Solcan, the young woman who so tragically ended Brother Roger’s life in August 2005. Accompanied by a priest who knows her well, the brothers were able to express their sympathy with this mother whose life has been shattered by what happened to her daughter.
During the evening prayer at the cathedral, Brother Alois repeated the prayer that he said during Brother Roger’s funeral. “God of goodness, we confide to your forgiveness Luminiţa Solcan, who in an act of illness put an end to the life of our Brother Roger. With Christ on the cross we say: Father, forgive her, she does not know what she has done. Holy Spirit, we pray to you for the people of Romania and for the young Romanians who are so well loved in Taizé.”
Journeying by train through the spectacular scenery of the Carpathian mountains the brothers finally arrived in Cluj, one of the largest cities and university centres of Transylvania, basking in the roasting heat of a very early summer.
The region has a long history of multiculturalism, being home to Romanians, Hungarians, Saxons (Germans), Romany and others. Its links with central Europe give it a different flavour to the rest of Romania south and east of the Carpathians. Transylvania was also one of the earliest lands to proclaim freedom of conscience of religion and today many churches exist side by side. Those who come to Taizé have a tradition of working closely together across the different confessional boundaries.
Brother Alois was invited to come to Cluj by His Eminence Bartolomeu, the Orthodox Metropolitan, who welcomed the brothers and surprised them by showing them an article he had written about Taizé in 1957 in the journal of the Patriarchate - the first person in Romania to write about Taizé. While working at the Patriarchal Library in Bucharest he had access to western periodicals which no one else was allowed to see.
A whole weekend was planned in Cluj, with young people coming from throughout Transylvania, from other parts of Romania, from Hungary, Austria and even further afield. On Friday a simple prayer with a family atmosphere took place in the Reformed Church. It was there that the young pastor first started bringing groups of young people to Taizé in the early 1990s. They had started to meet together - Hungarians and Romanians - preparing vigils of reconciliation, until they decided it was important not just to organise in this one place, but to go and pray in other churches too and so they began to rotate the place where the prayer took place.
On the Saturday there were workshops: a bible meditation by Brother Alois about the disciples on the road to Emmaus, at the new Greek Catholic cathedral, still under construction; a visit to four landmark churches of the city; discovering icons with a local priest whose passion is sacred art – both modern and ancient. Father Bizau told the young people: “Taizé has played a very important role in the rediscovery of icons, in the west, but also here in the east. Some young people see a reproduction of an authentic icon for the first time on visiting Taizé: The Trinity of Rublëv, The Coptic (Egyptian) icon of Jesus and the Believer (The Abbot Menas), the Mother of God of Vladimir ...
The beautiful, powerful celebration of Orthodox Vespers in the Metropolitan Cathedral was followed in the late evening by a vigil prayer with the songs of Taizé in the historic church of St. Michael in the centre of the city – the eastern-most Gothic church in Europe. In one hour, after the end of the evening Eucharist, the church was transformed very simply by a large and enthusiastic team of helpers with some icons and a few candles. The readings were read by priests and pastors from the different churches and young people filled the church with joyful singing as they prayed around the icon of the cross and lit candles to celebrate the risen Christ who unites us.
In his meditation Brother Alois sought to encourage those present:
“At a time when many are tempted to be discouraged or sceptical, we would like to let ourselves be carried by the dynamism of the resurrection! The resurrection of Christ is like a light which illuminates the meaning of our lives and which lights a hope for the world. Risen, Christ accompanies each person and he never stops looking for our friendship. It’s given to each one of us to live a friendship with him. It’s not for nothing that he says to us in the Gospel: ‘I no longer call you servants, I call you friends.’
“We also live this friendship among ourselves. Christ unites us in a single communion, the Church. He puts us together with people who are so different that at first sight we might sometimes find it hard to choose them as friends. And yet, through Christ, a deeper friendship is forged than with spontaneous affinities.
Together we make up the Church. And we need to discover that, together, as Church, we can help our societies to find a more human face, to be marked more by trust than by distrust. If only our parishes, our youth groups could be first of all places of goodness of heart and of trust! Welcoming places where we try to support each other, places where are attentive to the weakest.”
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United flight crew prior to biofuel flight
Mon 7 Nov 2011 – United Continental subsidiary Continental Airlines today operated the first US commercial flight to be powered by a sustainable biofuel blend. The Boeing 737-800 aircraft made the two-and-a-half flight 1403 from Houston to Chicago using a blend, believed to be 40/60, of algae-derived biofuel and conventional jet kerosene. Although commercial jet biofuel flights have already taken place in Europe, China and South America since certification in July, this is the first time algae has been used as the sole source of the biofuel, which is considered a major next generation advance on crop-based fuels. The algae oil was supplied by San Francisco-based Solazyme and was refined into jet fuel in Houston by Honeywell UOP’s process technology. In another landmark, United announced it has signed a Letter of Intent with Solazyme to negotiate the purchase of 20 million gallons per year of the company’s Solajet fuel, with delivery slated for as early as 2014.
In January 2009, Continental was the also the first airline in the United States to operate a demonstration flight that used a sustainable biofuel blend and the same aircraft was used on today’s flight (see story).
The fuel on that occasion was made up of jatropha and a small amount of algae, which marked the first airline use of an algae-derived fuel. For that flight the algae fuel was supplied by Sapphire Energy but this is the first commercial airline roll out of Solazyme’s Solajet fuel, produced using a proprietary fermentation process, which has so far been supplied only to the US Navy for testing and certification purposes.
Solajet is derived from a tailored oil production process using microbial algae that grow in fermenters by feeding on sugars from plants that have already harnessed the sun’s energy. Solazyme says its technology is biomass feedstock flexible and can therefore be tailored according to local geographic conditions throughout the world, therefore enabling cost parity, commercial scale and lifecycle environmental impact reduction.
“United is taking a significant step forward to advance the use of environmentally responsible and cost-efficient alternative fuels,” said Pete McDonald, Executive Vice President and COO of United. “Sustainable biofuels, produced on a large scale at an economically viable price, can one day play a meaningful role in powering everyone’s trip on an airline.”
The flight marks a major milestone in United’s Eco-Skies “commitment to leading commercial aviation as an environmentally responsible company by taking actions today that shape an environmentally sustainable future,” said the airline.
United and Continental already operate more than 3,600 alternatively fuelled or zero-emission ground service equipment vehicles.
United’s Managing Director of Global Environmental Affairs, Jimmy Samartzis, commented: “Advancing a greener, more diverse fuel supply for the future is a top priority for United. Our environmental actions and commitment extend beyond that – we are reducing our impact on the environment in the air and on the ground with our business partners and across our communities.”
United – Eco-Skies
Continental – Eco-Skies
United Boeing 737-800 commercial biofuel flight takes off from Houston:
Copyright © 2013 GreenAir Communications
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If you aren't planning a trip down south to play some golf, you can help your upcoming spring game by doing some swing exercises now. Use a club and take some easy practice swings. This will help keep your muscles in "golf shape" and you will be less prone to injury when you do start playing in the spring.
Begin by taking slow small swings for about two minutes and then slowly increase the speed and the length of your swing. If you can do this even a few times a week for 10 minutes, it will make you feel less uncomfortable when you step onto the first tee in the spring.
All golfers hit bad shots and have bad rounds – even with years of practice. Remember, thinking positively can go a long way toward improving your ball striking and lowering your scores. Think one shot at a time and do not let a few bad shots shake your confidence.
Step 1 - Start the round with a positive attitude. Clear your head of any poor performances. You’re on a golf course to have fun playing a game outdoors where you’ll spend time with friends, meet new people or get the opportunity to think by yourself.
Step 2 – Envision the shot you want to hit before you swing. Don’t pay attention the narrow fairway, the water hazard or the sand trap. Instead, think about making the perfect swing and imagine watching the ball soar into the air and then fall perfectly in the centre of the fairway or on the green.
Step 3 – Avoid being too aggressive on your shots. Take each shot slowly and reduce the power you swing with. This may cause your shots to fly a little shorter, but they will be more accurate, setting you up for easier second shots.
Step 4 – Avoid discouragement. Everyone, event the top-ranked players in the world, hit horrible shots. Golf is a challenging game for all players. Some of your shots might end up in the rough or a hazard. Look at the next shot as a chance to redeem yourself, instead of getting discouraged. Adding pressure and disappointment while playing will result in more bad shots. The next great shot will more than make up for any bad shot.
For more details or to book lessons this season, e-mail email@example.com or call 613.822.4653.
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Rep. Jared Polis discusses plans to improve ESEA and public education
CEA tele-town hall meeting attracts more than 500 Colorado citizens
Polis, who sits on the House Education and Labor Committee, fielded questions last night from educators, community group representatives and citizens concerned about public schools via a telephone town hall meeting. The call, sponsored by the Colorado Education Association and the National Education Association, attracted more than 500 participants from Polis’ congressional district.
Polis answered questions on a variety of subjects related to public education—including reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA).
“This is a very important year for education and for policy,” said Polis. “We know a lot more now than we did 10 years ago. With the reauthorization of ESEA just around the corner, Congress has a historic opportunity to get it right this time around and help improve our nation’s schools and close the achievement gap.
“We must support, engage and listen to the hard-working teachers who are the backbone of our education system. Events, such as today’s tele-town hall, that allow us to exchange ideas, concerns and suggestions directly with teachers, are critical if we are to achieve our shared goal of a high quality public education for all children, regardless of their background.”
The call also gave Polis the opportunity to talk about collective bargaining rights and collaboration under a new version of ESEA. Polis stressed the value of collaboration and said he wants more input from educators throughout the reauthorization process.
“If you want a recipe for failure, it’s imposing something on someone,” he said. “By changing federal law, we can encourage districts to do the right thing.”
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Preschool / Pre SchoolChild Preschool, Education Preschool, Jobs Preschool, Preschool development, Preschool education, Preschool kindergarten, Preschool learning, , Preschool program, Preschool schools, Preschool teacher education, Preschool teacher jobs, Preschool teachers, Pre school programs, Pre school teacher
Pre school teacher jobs
Teaching in a preschool involves action-based activities to make children attentive and occupied in class. In a preschool you can find children of age, ranging from 2 years onwards, to be constantly in motion, directing their energy on interesting tasks assigned to them by the preschool teacher. Art, drama, puppetry, rhymes, songs, dance, verbal expression, language development, finger plays and role plays are parts of preschool activities.
In a child preschool, the teacher modified various ideas to meet the needs of young learners, as a part of child preschool teaching. The main motive of child preschool is to establish the cognitive ability in children followed by physical, social and emotional advancement.
Language acquisition is an essential segment of education preschool. Children learn and get a grip over the vocabulary expansion through education preschool.
Eligible teachers seeking jobs preschool would find innumerable opportunities in India and abroad with handsome pay packages. Jobs preschool necessitates the acquisition of a teachers' training license by the applicant.
Preschool development proposes to foster child independence and physical and mental establishment at a preliminary stage. The phases and ways of preschool development vary from one country to another.
Preschool education teaches a child to learn and assimilate information rapidly by means of a structured preschool education program. Preschool education is compulsory for every child for gaining knowledge and having a clear understanding of the world.A preschool kindergarten provides everything that is necessary for the first step of a child and creates a solid base of the child. Problem solving by preschool kindergarten teachers encourage and stimulate reasoning skills of children.
Interactive teaching session is the crux of preschool learning. Through a communicative and highly interactive teaching process, preschool learning nurtures a child's ability to understand easily.
Preschool program consists of group activities like, drama, games, drills, sports, etc involving active participation of children and captivates a child's attention. A comprehensive preschool program enables a child to learn fast and retain the learnt without much effort.
Preschool programs refer to curriculums that combine theory with practice. The practical application of preschool programs is taught to children by supervising and training them.
Countless preschool schools have developed all around the world due to the increasing demand of Montessori teaching jobs. Due to dearth of teachers, these preschool schools have huge vacancies and are in huge need for nursery teachers.
Preschool teacher /education is necessary before shaping young minds as the mentor needs to be properly trained first prior to guiding children. Various preschool teacher/ education courses are available today via which an aspiring teacher can become well equipped and certified with teaching skills and techniques.
A preschool teacher job is a responsible and humungous task as the teacher is saddled with the duty of preparing a child's future by educating and training him in the right direction. A preschool teacher job is an attractive career option for those who love to be amongst toddlers and young learners.
The wide expansion of pre and primary schools all over the world has made preschool teacher jobs a hot career option amongst ambitious people. Young aspirants with good educational background, from all across the globe are turning to childcare and education and the preschool teacher jobs act as perfect platforms for them.
The job of handling young learners and controlling them is not that easy a task for preschool teachers as it may sound to be. Preschool teachers devote themselves unconditionally to govern and educate young children contributing to the betterment of their future.
The hands-on activities play significant role in stimulating a child's curiosity and creativity through pre school programs. Pre school programs are made up of activities that can be adapted as per the needs of a child.
A pre school teacher has to be extremely flexible with the curriculum of a Montessori program. A pre school teacher is responsible for shaping the education, professional and personal development in the early years of their lives.
Before applying for pre school teacher jobs, one must keep in mind that the credentials required by schools vary from state to state and country to country. All pre school teacher jobs require the applicant to be well informed and properly trained in mainly classroom management & behavior, child development, devising curriculum, establishing parent-child relationship amongst others.
Elementary School- Elementary School Teacher, Elementary School Teacher Salary
Kindergarten- Kindergarten Program, How to become a Kindergarten Teacher
Montessori- Montessori Education, Montessori Jobs, Montessori Method
Preschool- Preschool teacher education, Preschool teacher jobs, Pre school teacher
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Programs & Services
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- Benefit of Taking YL TT Course
- Teaching YL Courses
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- TEFL Blog
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- THE MAGAZINE
At the end of the Bayer Process, a waste material called red mud is separated from the sodium alumina solution. This byproduct contains iron, titanium oxides and undissolved sodium alumina, and, depending on the nature of the starting raw material, may also contain elements such as Ca, Mg, V, Zr, Th, U, La and Se.
Approximately 35% to 40% per ton of bauxite treated using the Bayer Process ends up as red mud waste. In other words, for each ton of alumina or half ton of aluminum, approximately one ton of red mud (based on dry weight) is produced. Disposal of the red mud is a major problem due to the large amounts that are created1-in Seydisehir, Turkey, for example, more than 3 million tons of red mud have accumulated over the past few decades. Dust from the red mud, which contains caustic soda, pollutes the air and creates severe environmental problems.
Many researchers have examined this issue. Most of the studies so far have focused on dehydrating the red mud waste to reduce its detrimental effects on the environment, or on extracting all or some of the compounds present in the red mud for use in the civil engineering, metallurgy and chemical industries (see Figure 1).3 However, many of these processes have proved uneconomical, and research in this field continues.4-12
Meanwhile, a different approach may hold the answer: using the red mud as a raw material in the manufacture of brick and structural clay products.
What About Quality?Quality is a logical question when using a waste product to manufacture other products-one that several researchers have endeavored to answer. Studies examining the mechanical properties of structural brick and clay products made with red mud had three different starting points in terms of the raw material used. In one group of studies, red mud was used with no additives or extraction from the as-received state.6 A firing temperature range between 1000-1100°C was used. This method generally gave higher porosity and lower strength values compared to the other methods.
A greater number of studies used red mud that contained mineral additions, such as sand, calcium carbonate or fly ash;7 slag, volcanic ash, refractory clay, brick clay, amorphous silicic acid or boric acid;8 caolinitic clay;9,10 or serpantine, wolastonite, silimanite, zirconia, fosterite, ortoclas or anortite.11 In these studies, a somewhat wider firing temperature range, between 950-1400°C, was used, and considerably higher strength and lower porosity values were achieved.
The third approach to manufacturing construction materials from red mud required the extraction of Na2O from the raw material before it was processed. This regeneration treatment enhanced the resulting mechanical properties and gave the lowest water absorption ratios.12
However, adding and extracting minerals adds to the cost of the material, making it less desirable for use in brick manufacturing. For this reason, some of the researchers decided to try to improve upon the first method, using the red mud without additives or extractions.
Experiments: Round 1The Etibank Aluminum Plant in Seydieshir, Turkey, supplied the red mud samples for the experiments in this study. The samples were taken from the pulp as it came out of the thickener, before it was pumped into the waste storage facility. The chemical analysis of the samples is shown in Table 1.
To remove the organic matter and other undesirable residues, the red mud, in the form of pulp, was "washed"-i.e., diluted with water, sieved through a 45-mm sieve, precipitated, decantated, and finally dried. Bar specimens with dimensions of 5 x 10 x 60 mm were compacted in a laboratory-scale steel die. The samples were molded at room temperature using a uniaxial hydraulic press at a constant pressure of 32 kg/cm2, and were fired in an electric furnace at 950-1150°C, at a heating rate of 300°C per hour.
Experiments: Round 2In the second set of experiments, the red mud samples were molded at various pressures (20 to 60 kg/cm2) and were fired at 1150°C, the temperature that gave the highest strength values in the previous set of experiments. The mechanical properties and water absorption ratios of these samples are shown in Figure 5.
In many applications, a maximum 18% water absorption ratio is required for porous and non-porous bricks. When molding pressures higher than 30 kg/cm2 are used, water absorption values generally lower than 18% have been achieved with washed red mud.
High-Strength BricksWith the correct molding pressure and firing temperature, red mud-a waste product-can be successfully used to make quality bricks. These experiments showed that the bricks made from washed red mud have higher strength values than red mud that has not undergone the washing process. To reduce costs even further, it is possible to make bricks using the red mud as-received, without washing. In either case, the achievable compressive strength levels are higher than those in the related Turkish standards of bricks (on average 5-15 MPa and 30 MPa, respectively13). Moreover, the water absorption ratios are lower (18%) than those given in the related Turkish standards.13
It may also be possible to make high-strength ceramic materials from red mud. However, further research is needed on this issue.
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May 10, 1994 |
Prosecutors dropped all World Trade Center bombing charges against a Jordanian on Monday, admitting they lacked evidence to convict him. He pleaded guilty to a lesser count of lying on an immigration form. Bilal Alkaisi, 29, will not cooperate with prosecutors under the deal, his lawyer, Robert L. Ellis, said after a hearing in federal court. He continues to be held without bail pending his sentencing July 13. Alkaisi was one of seven Muslim fundamentalists charged in the Feb. 26, 1993, bombing.
August 5, 1993 |
A new defendant was named Wednesday in the World Trade Center bombing in an indictment in which authorities charged that he helped mix explosives used in the February blast that killed six people and injured more than 1,000. Abdul Rahman Yasin, the latest suspect, is believed to be in Iraq where he traveled the day after the FBI made its first arrest in the case, seizing Mohammed A.
March 27, 1993 |
Three weeks after determining that money from overseas flowed to some suspects in the World Trade Center bombing, federal investigators have been frustrated at their inability to find the source of the funds. "We've been a little bit stymied on the money trail," one of them acknowledged Friday, explaining that at least several thousand dollars has been traced from a doctor in Germany to a New Jersey account held by Mohammed A. Salameh and Nidal Ayyad, the first two suspects arrested by the FBI.
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(May 30, 2002) Bethesda, Md. Scientists have long believed that in all animals (including humans), innate physiological ability exists to seek out sources of nutrients (minerals) deficient in the major food source available to them. Their beliefs originate from a series of studies in which test animals were allowed to choose from one container of each nutrient leading to the identification of "nutritional wisdom. These tests proved that there is a natural disposition to select a balanced diet with all necessary nutrients and suitable for the respective environment.
Unfortunately, the nations soaring obesity rate offers evidence that in the animal kingdom, humans are flunking in their nutritional wisdom. Where nature fails to reduce weight, human ingenuity (and marketing) takes over with a billion dollar industry advancing programs that entreat Americans to modify their habits and regain their nutritional wisdom and return to their normal and slimmer weight.
This may not be so easy and overweight Americans may be throwing their money away. New study findings suggest that nutritional wisdom goes out the window when unhealthy food choices are more available than healthier nutrients. Tests with rodents found that the number of containers of each nutrient provided markedly influenced consumption rates. Most rats given a choice from separate sources of protein, carbohydrate, and fat thrived if given one cup of each but half failed to thrive if given one cup of each and three extra cups of carbohydrate or fat. Rats given five bottles of sucrose solution and one bottle of water became fatter than rats given five bottles of water and one of sucrose.
These studies in rats may point to a model for human obesity, in which the availability of the wrong food can override physiological controls of ingestion. The author of "Obesity by choice: the powerful influence of nutrient availability on nutrient intake," is Michael G. Tordoff, Mon
Contact: Donna Krupa
American Physiological Society
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When I dare to be powerful, to use my strength in the service of my vision, then it becomes less and less important whether I am afraid.
I have come to believe over and over again that what is most important to me must be spoken, made verbal and shared, even at the risk of having it bruised or misunderstood.
We have evidence that Iran makes a reactor to possess nuclear weapons.- Ariel Sharon
Israel is a wonderful country. It's a beautiful country. It is ours. But it is a country w...- Ariel Sharon
But if I don’t think about love, I will be nothing.- Paulo Coelho
Myself, first of all, I am a Jew. And that is the most important thing for me.- Ariel Sharon
I'm a friend of Colin Powell. We talk quite often.- Ariel Sharon
Comments on: "Audre Lorde Quotes: I have come to believe over and over again that what is most..."
|Birth:||18th February, 1934|
|Death:||17th November, 1992|
Quote of the day
Our mission is to motivate, boost self confiedence and inspire people to Love life, live life and surf life with words.
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Best Local Landmark - 2001
Henry Morrison Flagler Museum
Put simply, South Florida as we know it today probably wouldn't even exist if it weren't for a retired millionaire named Henry Flagler and his vision of linking the state's entire east coast, from Jacksonville to Key West, by rail. And his Palm Beach estate, Whitehall, now known as the Flagler Museum, is the ultimate monument to the man who paved the way for a Florida economy dominated by agriculture and tourism. When he embarked on the project that would make him the father of Florida development, Flagler had already amassed a fortune through his Standard Oil partnership with, among others, John D. Rockefeller. As if a second career as a railroad magnate weren't enough, Flagler also constructed a series of spectacular buildings as he made his way down the peninsula: St. Augustine's Hotel Ponce de Leon, Palm Beach's Royal Poinciana and the Breakers hotels, and of course Whitehall. The 60,000-square-foot, 55-room "Taj Mahal of North America" became the winter home of Flagler and his wife, Mary Lily Kenan, and today it's preserved in all the glory that led the New York Herald in 1902 to characterize it as "more wonderful than any palace in Europe, grander and more magnificent than any other private dwelling in the world...." Wander among the trappings of Flagler's lavish lifestyle (including his own personal railcar), and praise him -- or curse him -- for making South Florida possible.
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2006 Open Source Product of the Year
The open source movement continues to take the software industry by storm. In 2005, corporations such as Oracle and BEA joined IBM in contributing significant source code to open source projects. Smaller companies, such as Mergere and Collabnet, have built viable businesses that directly support open source software through open source code contributions and professional services.
What makes the open source movement so significant that corporations world wide recognize that they must embrace it? The answer is simple: Innovative, quality software that provides real solutions to real problems.
Five products were selected as finalists for the 2006 Open Source Tool of the Year award. Traditionally, nominees in this category have targeted technical audiences—most commonly developers—as their primary user base. Frameworks such as Hibernate, tools such as CVS, and development environments such as NetBeans have long ruled the open source world. In 2006, two nominations broke this mold: Firefox and Open Office.
This shift seems to suggest that the open source community is becoming more mature. Development tools target tech-savvy individuals who are often willing to put up with clumsy interfaces, strange nuances, and little support. End user tools, on the other hand, must provide a polished finish, significant documentation, and reliability. Each of the tools nominated for this year's 2006 Open Source Tool of the Year award has displayed this type of maturity.
Second to None!
Functional regression testing has traditionally been difficult to automate. Functional testing tools traditionally use record-and-play–style tests that compare recorded Web page request results to the test responses to determine test failure or success. In this approach, tests often fail upon encountering even the most minor changes to page markup. These failures render traditional tools almost useless for functional regression testing—testing that assumes a certain level of change.
Selenium tests are functional tests that run within the browser. Instead of retrieving and comparing content, the Selenium test runner executes scripts within the browser; they imitate the actions a user may take when using an application. Whereas these tests are not immune to unrelated change-induced failures, they are more reliable than record-and-play–style tests.
Perhaps this year was a little too early for Selenium to take home the product of the year award, but developers and testers familiar with Selenium will attest to the fact that its approach to Web testing is revolutionary. As Selenium matures, look for it to capture a wider audience and become a more viable testing solution. Selenium is truly one of this year's biggest innovations.
When the stated goal of a project is to "provide a compelling replacement" for software that has a 20 year history and millions of users (CVS), your first reaction may be to question the viability of such lofty goals. Subversion is now considered not only a compelling replacement for CVS, but a significantly better alternative.
Revision Control Systems (RCS) are used to track multiple versions of a document. Typically, RCSs are utilized in software development projects to track source code. They provide features such as automated storage and retrieval of document revisions, logging and identification of changes between revisions, and merging of these differences. Over the past 20 years, CVS has become the defacto standard for Revision Control Systems in the software development community.
Subversion boasts most of the features of CVS, but is valued as much more user and administration friendly. Subversion provides atomic commits, directories and meta-data versioning, HTTP access, offline diff utilities, and many more enhancements. These features have prompted Subversion's popularity to grow rapidly.
Organizations such as the Apache Software Foundation have migrated millions of lines of code from CVS to Subversion. Successes like these will continue to drive Subversion as the leading Revision Control System.
After winning last year's Development Tool of the Year award, Eclipse has replaced last year's winner, NetBeans, as the lone IDE nominated for the Open Source Product of the Year Award. Interestingly, it may not be Eclipse's progress as an IDE, but rather its strength as a plug-in oriented development platform that has pushed it into the spotlight.
The Eclipse platform provides a "multi-language, multi-platform, multi-vendor environment" upon which development tools can be quickly created and integrated. Eclipse's greatest strength is the fact that everything, even core functionality, within Eclipse is developed as a plug-in. This provides a level playing field for all extensions and has forced the plug-in API to mature quickly.
Eclipse IDEs are available for languages ranging from Java and Ruby to C/C++ and COBOL. Hundreds of open source plugins and many more commercial ones have been written for Eclipse. The diversity of these plugins ensures developers the ability to find tools that integrate seamlessly into their development environment.
Top Notch Winners!
Congratulations to Mozilla's Firefox and Open Office, the two projects that share this year's Open Source Product of the Year Award. Perhaps even more interesting than the fact both of our winners target end users (and not a more technical audience) is the fact that both applications provide viable alternatives to widely deployed Microsoft products.
Some reports indicate that Firefox, From Mozilla Foundation, has captured almost 10% of the browser market. Considering that over the past several years, Microsoft's Internet Explorer has held over 90% of the browser market, this jump is substantial.
Mozilla-based browsers have been considered second class citizens in the browser space since 1997. 1997 was the year Internet Explorer 4.0 was released—the event that many consider the turning point at which Internet Explorer became the browser of choice, uprooting Netscape Navigato—a Mozilla-based browser—as the leading browser.
The Mozilla Foundation has overcome this history of playing second fiddle through new innovation. New features such as Tabbed Browsing, integrated search, live bookmarks, and integrated popup blocking have attracted new users. Firefox's commitment to being a lightweight and fast browser has ensured its success is not temporary. The extension mechanism Firefox provides has allowed developers to supply add ins that users can easily download and install. These extensions provide additional bells and whistles to the core browser, allowing users to customize their experience while maintaining core product's vision of remaining a lightweight and fast browser.
Open Office 2.0
Breaking the grasp of Microsoft's hold on the browser market may seem daunting, but OpenOffice.org is in the midst of charting new territory in competing with Microsoft's Office Suite.
In 2000, Sun Microsystems open sourced StarOffice as under the name Open Office. After five years of development, the suite is beginning to make waves as a viable option to the Microsoft Office Suite. In 2005, OpenOffice 2.0 Beta was released. The suite includes a word processor, spreadsheet application, presentation tool, and more. Advanced tools such as mail merge, the ability to read and write Microsoft office documents, macro recorders, and Macromedia flash integration are just some of the innovations that have users thinking Open Office is ready for prime time.
The recent decision of the Massachusetts government to standardize their office documents on the OpenDocument standard (implemented by OpenOffice) has undoubtedly provided an opportunity for OpenOffice to build on its recent success. Corporations are beginning to follow suit. Although it may come as a surprise to many that OpenOffice shared the title of Developer.com Open Source Product of the Year, OpenOffice is undoubtedly a worthy recipient of the award.
What can we expect from open source communities in 2006? If last year's successes are any indication, end user applications and productivity tools seem to be the trend of the future. It seems reasonable to expect Firefox and OpenOffice to gain momentum. Will these successes prompt more Open Source developers to target a wider audience for future development efforts? Only time will tell, but if this year is any indication of things to come, the answer is a resounding YES!
About the Author
David DeWolf is a Senior Architect and Agile Coach at Digital Focus, and an active member of many Open Source communities. He speaks and writes on technical topics, open source, and agile software development. David is a member of the Apache Portals Project Management Committee and an active commiter to Apache Pluto.
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Mukasey Bid Survives Division on Senate Panel
VIDEO | Judiciary Panel Approves Mukasey
Wednesday, November 7, 2007
The Senate Judiciary Committee narrowly approved the nomination of Michael B. Mukasey as attorney general yesterday, moving him a step closer to virtually assured confirmation on the Senate floor as the new head of the troubled Justice Department.
The committee's 11 to 8 vote in favor of Mukasey was accompanied by an impassioned exchange of views between his supporters and opponents, who divided principally over of his refusal to say whether an aggressive interrogation tactic that mimics drowning amounts to illegal torture under U.S. law.
Two prominent Democrats, Sens. Dianne Feinstein (Calif.) and Charles E. Schumer (N.Y.), joined nine Republicans in voting for Mukasey, arguing that the former federal judge was the best candidate they could expect as the Bush administration's replacement for Alberto R. Gonzales, who resigned as attorney general in September under a cloud of scandal.
Schumer, who has found himself in a politically perilous situation after recommending Mukasey to the White House as a consensus candidate, said rejecting him would lessen the chances of reform at the Justice Department by allowing President Bush to leave in place a "caretaker" acting attorney general.
"All the work we have done to pressure Attorney General Gonzales to resign would be undone in a moment," Schumer said. ". . . No one questions that Judge Mukasey would do much to remove the stench of politics from the Justice Department. I believe we should give him that chance."
The split decision capped an unexpected uproar over Mukasey, who until three weeks ago had attracted bipartisan support as a qualified and relatively nonpolitical replacement for Gonzales.
Mukasey angered lawmakers in both parties by repeatedly declining to answer questions about the interrogation technique known as waterboarding, saying he found the technique "repugnant" but could not determine its legality without access to classified information. Some Democrats also said they were troubled by Mukasey's views of expansive presidential powers in wartime.
Schumer and Feinstein said they took solace in Mukasey's assurances that he would enforce any future waterboarding ban passed by Congress. That argument prompted a robust retort from Sen. Edward M. Kennedy (D-Mass.).
"He will, in fact, enforce the laws that we pass in the future? Can our standards have really sunk so low?" Kennedy said. "Enforcing the law is the job of the attorney general. It's a prerequisite, not a virtue."
Although Senate Majority Leader Harry M. Reid (D-Nev.) announced his opposition to Mukasey yesterday, the nomination is likely to squeak through the full Senate by next week with support from all 49 Republicans, Sen. Joseph I. Lieberman (I-Conn.) and a sprinkling of conservative and moderate Democrats. Reid and his top deputy, Majority Whip Richard J. Durbin (D-Ill.), oppose the nomination, but no leadership-led filibuster effort is expected.
One of the most emotional moments yesterday came from Sen. Lindsey O. Graham (R-S.C.), a military lawyer who supported Mukasey but criticized his answers on waterboarding. Graham, who has frequently clashed with the Bush administration on interrogation and detention policies, said Mukasey is "a good man of the law" but also urged Congress to pass legislation specifically outlawing the use of waterboarding by all government entities, including the CIA.
"The world is not short of people and countries who will waterboard you. There's not a shortage of people who will cut your heads off in the name of religion," Graham said. "There is a shortage of people who believe in justice, not vengeance."
Graham's speech prompted Chairman Patrick J. Leahy (D-Vt.) and then Kennedy to leave their chairs and walk over to thank him, despite his support for Mukasey's nomination.
Nan Aron, executive director of the Alliance for Justice, a liberal advocacy group, said the "notion that Mukasey is an improvement on Alberto Gonzales is a woefully inadequate reason to vote to confirm him. It sets the bar far, far too low for this important office."
Numerous other liberal and human rights groups have urged Congress to reject Mukasey over the waterboarding issue. Some are also encouraging their members to punish any Democrat who supports the nomination.
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Source - Many people are now thankfully talking about "Self Organization" as our future. But underneath much of the clamour is a bias to an image of self organization that has not structure other than somehow we are all connected.
But Nature keeps reminding us that what appears the most chaotic on the surface ALWAYS has deep structure. Here we see this again withy Irene. On the ground, chaos. But see it from another perspective and we see the key math behind Natural Systems - the Fibonacci Sequence.
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Just getting home today from our annual Wisconsin Society of Science Teacher’s Convention, I am quite invigorated to get back into the classroom to try out some new ideas. It’s amazing how re-energizing it can be to be around people who are passionate about education, and are willing to share their ideas to everyone (what one of my colleagues calls ‘peer poaching’). But one of the first destinations in the building Monday morning will be to my principal’s office to thank him for allowing me the opportunity to attend this professional development event. I think it’s important for us as educators to show what we’ve learned from these opportunities, and how we’ll share them with our colleagues.
My focus in this convention was to see how other teachers are using technology in the classroom, so I first attended a session where I was able to practice using Windows MovieMaker. The teacher offering the session showed how he uses short clips that his students record in his middle school science classes. Primarily, they used clips from labs and demonstrations to later be edited in MovieMaker. I could easily see how these homegrown clips can be enhanced with ones from United Streaming for students to really get into a topic. As I haven’t used this software much at all, I am eager to incorporate it into my curriculum.
Another session that peaked my interest was done by Vernier Software & Technology. This company is very freindly to education, and are sensitive to the needs and budgets of science and math teachers. Their central software product is Logger Pro 3, which allows for data capture and graphical analysis. This is an extremely useful tool that costs $159 for a site license (allows a school to install Logger Pro on every school computer, all instructor computers, AND the students’ home computers). A few new products, such as the Wireless Dynamic Sensor System, allows a cord-free option for data collection in physics classes. Their new Spectrometer (powered by ocean optics) has a variety of uses in a number of different disciplines – most notably in teaching waves, light and color.
But perhaps the neatest treat of all was the keynote speaker – Sean Carroll. Dr. Carroll teaches in the Genetics and Molecular Biology Department at the University of Wisconsin. Carroll discused the new science of Evo-Devo, as described in his recent book Endless Forms Most Beautiful. Using genetic, embryological and molecular techniques, Carroll eloquently describes the process of body pattern evolution.
Beyond the sheer genius of his work, we were in awe of the technology that’s employed in his research. Stunning videos and pictures were used to illustrate his speech. Some can be found on his website Simply click on Images and Movies to access them.
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In psychology there are six scientific thinking principles that we can use to help us overcome our own biases. For this claim, I will first be using the first scientific principle, ruling out hypothesis. With this principle, we can ask ourselves is this the only good explanation for this finding? We need to think about other explanations and not rule them out right away. Do we really believe that pouring salt water into a vending machine will give us free product? Wouldn't we see a lot more people walking around with free soda and goodies if that were a true statement? With this claim, we can also use the fourth principle, replicability. Someone may get lucky if they try and pour in salt water and miraculously get free food, but could someone somewhere else have the same luck with this test? We can use replicability to see if the experiment can be duplicated, if it can't, then it increases the odds that the claim is false. The last principle that I will use for this claim is the sixth one, occam's razor. This principle state that with claims, we should generally pick the simpler one. In this case the two claims you can choose from are that salt water will give you free product, or it will not. If we would apply occam's razor, the simpler or more logical claim would be that salt water would not do this for us. We use these claims to help us generate the real claims vs. the false ones. In psychology this is a very useful tool to have because we are faced with these claims on a day to day basis. If we apply these principles, we may be able to decipher scientific claims and also ones from everyday life.
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Microsoft released its latest anti-exploit tool designed to add security for various software programs running on Windows systems, even those programs that lack much protection at all.
Plus: PHP script error gets a security update for faulty security update, 10 security mistakes you're still making.
Microsoft's May security update includes three bulletin items classified "critical" and four "important."
Microsoft's May Patch Tuesday offering will feature three "critical" and four "important" bulletin items targeting 23 vulnerabilities.
Plus: Best practices for employee online monitoring, Playstation hacker visits Sony.
Version 4 comes with improved detection capabilities, automatic remediation and a streamlined interface.
The Conficker worm should continue to be a top concern in enterprise security -- even though there hasn't been a new variant seen in the wild in over two years -- according to Microsoft.
Plus: U.S. drops to second on "dirty dozen" of spam list, is privacy a thing of the past?
Devices running Windows RT (or Windows 8 on ARM hardware) can be used for both personal and business purposes.
Plus: Google facing fines for Apple Safari privacy issues, young hacker goes on attack spree.
Plus: End of support for Vista, China has the best hackers.
Six bulletins patching 11 flaws is the order for this month's Microsoft update.
This month marks the passing of a few Windows and Office product lifecycle milestones.
Microsoft will release six bulletin items in its April security update, according to the Microsoft Security Bulletin Advance Notification.
Plus: Your credit card information may be ripe for the plucking if you've ever sold a used Xbox 360.
Plus, the return of LulzSec.
Usernames and passwords of 170,937 subscribers to a military online dating service leaked online Sunday. A group calling itself "LulzSec Reborn" has claimed responsibility.
Windows 8 beta testers who are also looking at IE 10 will eventually run into a new feature, called "enhanced protected mode."
Verizon found that 97 percent of breaches it studied could have been avoided by "simple and intermediate controls," according to a security report released today.
Plus: App makers go in front of the judge, Web app security guidelines.
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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Tuesday, March 6, 2007
Contact: HHS Press Office
Acting Surgeon General Issues National Call to Action on Underage Drinking
In its first Call to Action against underage drinking, the U.S. Surgeon General's Office appealed today to Americans to do more to stop America's 11 million current underage drinkers from using alcohol, and to keep other young people from starting.
Acting Surgeon General Kenneth Moritsugu, M.D., M.P.H., laid out recommendations for government and school officials, parents, other adults and the young people.
"Too many Americans consider underage drinking a rite of passage to adulthood," said Dr. Moritsugu. "Research shows that young people who start drinking before the age of 15 are five times more likely to have alcohol-related problems later in life. New research also indicates that alcohol may harm the developing adolescent brain. The availability of this research provides more reasons than ever before for parents and other adults to protect the health and safety of our nation's children."
Although there has been a significant decline in tobacco and illicit drug use among teens, underage drinking has remained at consistently high levels. The 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health estimates there are 11 million underage drinkers in the United States. Nearly 7.2 million are considered binge drinkers, typically meaning they drank more than five drinks on occasion, and more than two million are classified as heavy drinkers.
Developed in collaboration with the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Call to Action identifies six goals:
- Foster changes in society that facilitate healthy adolescent development and that help prevent and reduce underage drinking.
- Engage parents, schools, communities, all levels of government, all social systems that interface with youth, and youth themselves in a coordinated national effort to prevent and reduce underage drinking and its consequences.
- Promote an understanding of underage alcohol consumption in the context of human development and maturation that takes into account individual adolescent characteristics as well as environmental, ethnic, cultural, and gender differences.
- Conduct additional research on adolescent alcohol use and its relationship to development.
- Work to improve public health surveillance on underage drinking and on population-based risk factors for this behavior.
- Work to ensure that policies at all levels are consistent with the national goal of preventing and reducing underage alcohol consumption.
"Alcohol remains the most heavily abused substance by America's youth," said Dr. Moritsugu. "This Call to Action is attempting to change the culture and attitudes toward drinking in America. We can no longer ignore what alcohol is doing to our children."
Copies of The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent and Reduce Underage Drinking and other related materials are available at www.surgeongeneral.gov or by calling the National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information at 1-800-729-6686.
Note: All HHS press releases, fact sheets and other press materials are available at http://www.hhs.gov/news.
Last revised: January 20, 2009
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Obama: US Doing Everything to Protect Americans
President says a full investigation has been launched into attempted Christmas Day attack on an American airliner
Last updated on: December 30, 2009 8:51 AM
U.S. President Barack Obama says those responsible for the attempted Christmas Day attack on an American airliner will be held to account. In his first public comments on the incident, Mr. Obama also outlined additional steps to improve air safety.
The president said many questions surround the attempted attack and that the search for answers is well underway. "A full investigation has been launched into this attempted act of terrorism. And we will not rest until we find all who were involved and hold them accountable," he said.
A Nigerian man, Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, has been charged with trying to destroy the aircraft by igniting explosives as it was landing. The president noted that if he had succeeded, nearly 300 Americans on board the plane would have died. "This was a serious reminder of the dangers that we face and the nature of those who threaten our homeland," he said.
The president's demeanor was serious as he faced reporters in Hawaii, where he is vacationing with his family. He talked about the steps that have been taken to improve airline safety since the attempted attack. And he sought to reassure the American people, saying that the government is doing all it can to keep the public safe and secure.
He said extra law enforcement officers will be put on many flights, and that the passenger screening process is being reviewed - including revising the computerized lists used to detect high risk individuals.
The president added that he is conferring with his national security team. He spoke of their determination to deal with the terrorist threat. "We will continue to use every element of our national power to disrupt, to dismantle and defeat the violent extremists who threaten us - whether they are from Afghanistan or Pakistan, Yemen or Somalia or anywhere where they are plotting attacks against the U.S. homeland," he said.
President Obama urged Americans to be vigilant but confident as they travel during the current holiday season and throughout the coming year.
He noted that the would-be bomber on the Northwest Airlines flight from Amsterdam to Detroit was thwarted by others on board the plane. He called their actions quick and heroic.
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“We were nervous as hell,” said Kevin Curtis, vice president of National Environmental Trust, describing the sentiment leading up to last Thursday’s Senate vote that defeated the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, 43 to 55. “But it’s a great start. This may seem to be a defeat now, but in the end, it’s a victory.”
Photo: U.S. Senate.
The victory lies in the gamesmanship surrounding the landmark bill, which was the first serious congressional attempt to rein in global warming. Three weeks ago, the bill reportedly had only 32 votes firmly in support of it; more than a dozen senators were on the fence. “Our fear was that if the bill pulled in fewer than 40 votes, we’d have screwed ourselves,” said Curtis. “But a majority of the undecided senators broke in favor of McCain-Lieberman.”
Translation: Even though the Senate didn’t pass the Climate Stewardship Act, which would cap carbon dioxide emissions from industries and create an emissions-trading system, the votes that the bill did attract sent a resounding message to the political machine. “The magic number in the current political climate is 40,” said Curtis: A bill that gets at least 40 votes has a fair chance of passing if it’s reintroduced, but a bill that gets fewer than 40 is as good as doomed for the foreseeable future.
At a time when the White House refuses to recognize global warming as scientific fact and the chair of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, Sen. James Inhofe (R-Okla.), refers to climate change as “the greatest hoax ever perpetrated on the American people,” it is something of a shock that the McCain-Lieberman bill garnered so much support. “We were thrilled — and a bit surprised — that we broke 40,” said Casey Aden-Wansbery, press secretary for Sen. Joe Lieberman (D-Conn.). So buoyed by the results was Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.) that after the vote he told reporters he would consider reintroducing the bill as early as next spring.
Even more surprising than breaking 40 is the fact that the outstanding votes necessary to win seem to be within reach. “We’ve heard that the opposition was surprised and intimidated by the results, especially given that in the days before the vote it looked awfully close to passing,” said a staffer at the Environment and Public Works Committee. “There were about five or six more swing votes that we thought might go in our favor, but then, literally the day before the vote, the rural electric co-ops got very busy. As did the car guys. And the National Mining Association was everywhere.”
Those who buckled under the formidable lobbying forces included, according to Beltway scuttlebutt, Kent Conrad (D-N.D.), Byron Dorgan (D-N.D.), Carl Levin (D-Mich.), and Blanche Lincoln (D-Ark.). A few other senators, such as Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.), Robert Byrd (D-W.Va.), Norm Coleman (R-Minn.), and Gordon Smith (R-Ore.), are also rumored to have been on the fence. (Check out how all senators voted in Is That a Lawmaker in Your Pocket?) Most of the fence-sitters who ended up voting no were presumably concerned about spurious claims advanced during the debate by Inhofe and other GOP senators that mandatory CO2 limits would substantially damage the economy.
But in the coming months, environmental organizations will be barraging those on the fence with ample evidence to the contrary. In addition to an MIT study estimating that the McCain-Lieberman bill would cost a mere $20 annually per household to implement over 10 years, a second study by the Boston-based Tellus Institute predicted that the bill would save Americans $48 billion by 2020 due to reduced energy demand.
In the meantime, an immediate benefit may emerge from the narrow vote on the McCain-Lieberman bill: It may go a long way toward undercutting the Bush administration’s air-pollution proposals. “Now that more than 40 senators have cast a vote supporting mandatory regulation of carbon dioxide, it will be much harder for the president to move ahead with his Clear Skies plan, which is a 3-P [three-pollutant] power plant clean-up program rather than a 4-P [four-pollutant] plan that includes carbon dioxide — the plan he initially promised the public during his 2000 campaign,” said NET’s Curtis. So, at the very least, the Lieberman-McCain victorious defeat will remind the Bush administration to mind its 4-Ps and Qs.
Ethanol Talk — And No Action
As its fall session winds down, the Senate is encountering no shortage of 11th-hour dustups — not just over global warming, but over Medicare, defense spending, and everybody’s least favorite topic, the energy bill. In the past several weeks, both chambers of Congress have been engaged in highly public fisticuffs over the final version of the energy bill — a brawl that even President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney were not able to prevent, despite efforts last week to make peace between the warring Republican chairs of the House Ways and Means Committee and the Senate Finance Committee, who are overseeing negotiations on the tax-related aspects of the energy bill.
Photo: U.S. House.
The pugilists make for an interesting matchup: Rep. Bill Thomas (R-Calif.), head of the House Ways and Means Committee (widely regarded as one of the most brilliant and short-fused politicians on the Hill), versus Sen. Charles Grassley (R-Iowa), chair of the Senate Finance Committee (well known for being nearly unflappable). While the negotiations have become extravagantly emotional — Thomas reportedly ripped to shreds one version of Grassley’s energy bill proposal — the source of the tension appears on the face of it somewhat trifling: ethanol.
This is no trivial issue to Iowa, however, which is the Saudi Arabia of ethanol, a corn-derived fuel additive. On behalf of his home state, Grassley wants the energy bill to secure an excise-tax exemption for ethanol, part of a complex plan estimated to cost the federal government about $2 billion a year.
A bullish Thomas, however, represents much of Kern County and adjacent areas in California, a district that, if it were a state, would be the fourth largest oil producer in the nation (behind Alaska, Texas, and Louisiana). Thomas also has support in the House from Republicans Billy Tauzin of Louisiana and Tom DeLay of Texas, both of whom are died-in-the-wool oil guys responsible for overseeing conference-committee negotiations on other parts of the energy bill.
“This is not a red state versus blue state or a liberal versus conservative debate,” said a staff member of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee. “The Republican Party is being divided by clashing regional interests: a powerful Midwestern corn-state Republican versus West Coast and Gulf Coast oil-state Republicans.” Another committee staffer told Muckraker: “This skirmish is definitely about politics, not policy. And the funniest part of it all is that, finally, the Republicans are acting like Democrats — engaging in the kind of infighting that usually undermines the Democrats’ larger political agenda.”
Sure enough, Democrats and environmentalists couldn’t be more delighted by the scuffle: “If the infighting causes this backward-looking energy bill to stall out, so much the better,” said Ashok Gupta, chief energy economist at the Natural Resources Defense Council. “At this point, given the shape of the bill, it would be best to start all over again.”
With only two days officially left in this year’s congressional session, there seems to be little time to come to consensus. But while the Democrats hope the energy bill conference negotiations will roll over to next year and eventually be dropped, the pugilists themselves are more optimistic. “I predict that this congressional session will get extended considerably, certainly until after Thanksgiving, which will give us more time to reach a consensus and see this through,” said Christin Tinsworth, spokesperson for the Ways and Means Committee that Thomas heads.
And if it does? All those Senate Democrats who promised to filibuster any bill that proposes opening up Alaska’s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil and gas grilling — including some Democratic candidates for president — may finally have their opportunity to take a stand.
Off-Road to Ruin
Whoever expected a controversy over off-road vehicles (ORVs) to wind its way — over bumpy legal hills and streams — to the Supreme Court? On Monday, the high court agreed to consider the Interior Department’s argument that it should not be sued for allowing off-road vehicles on public land being studied for wilderness designation, even after the department admitted that the vehicular activity was causing environmental damage.
The case began its journey to the Supreme Court in 1999, when the Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance and other environmental groups sued the Interior Department, claiming it had failed to protect five areas that, according to congressional decree, had to be maintained “with wilderness qualities.” The groups charged that ORVs — which have proliferated in Utah over the last decade — were causing severe erosion and damage to waterways and wildlife habitat.
But that damage, although troubling, is the smallest of the potatoes that have emerged in the off-road brouhaha. Far more alarming is the larger claim by the Interior Department that none of the activities of its agencies — including the management of federal land — should be open to challenge in court. What that means in the ORV case is that while the Interior Department’s Bureau of Land Management acknowledges that off-road vehicle activity has damaged federal wildlands, it denies that the public should have any legal recourse to change that situation. “What they are fighting is not whether the law is being broken, but whether the public has the right to force the BLM to comply with law,” said Earthjustice attorney Jim Angell.
Angell sees the move as analogous to the Bush administration’s efforts to eliminate judicial review in terrorism-related cases. “This is in perfect keeping with this administration’s intent to eliminate judicial review in any number of areas — including terrorism and efforts to retrieve agency documents,” such as those pertaining to Cheney’s energy task force. “In each case, it robs the public of its right to question federal actions.”
Angell’s greatest concern is that if the Interior Department is victorious, this same argument could be used by other agencies to justify their own exemption from judicial checks and balances. “There is nothing about this case that would limit it to the environmental realm at all,” he said. In other words, erosion caused by weekend joyrides in the wilderness could lead to the wearing-down of the nation’s entire democratic framework.
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Islamabad: Describing industrial buildings as "death traps" and "concentration camps", Pakistani dailies Thursday sought regular inspections of factories as well as rigorous application of the law following the deaths of over 300 workers at two factories in the country.
Dawn said the horrific tragedy had taken the entire country in an asphyxiating grip of grief mixed with rage, while the News International noted that industrial accidents were becoming increasingly common across the country.
As many as 314 people were killed in the Karachi blaze while 25 people died in the Lahore inferno.
"Clearly the country's worst industrial disaster, the factory blaze in Karachi will be seared in memory as the Pakistani worker's 9/11. Like the factory fire that struck Lahore on the same day killing over 20 people, it had long been building up in the casinos of government officials who make their fortune gambling on the lives of the hapless millions," said an editorial in the Dawn.
"The tragedy that began to unfold Tuesday has taken the entire country in an asphyxiating grip of grief mixed with rage," it added.
It said that it was imperative for all factories in the country to undergo regular inspections and a thorough cleanup.
"Anything short of that will be an insult to the hundreds who over the years have paid with their lives for a system that is rotten to the core. Changing the system will be a challenge to stranded workers looking for an exit from the virtual hell that still must erupt into an inferno to get noticed - a challenge which others in civil society must help the workers take on," it said.
Calling factories in Pakistan as "kingdoms unto themselves", the daily said: "They are concentration camps where workers are denied their basic rights enshrined in the constitution, in the country's labour laws and in international conventions."
"Even a proper appointment letter is more often than not a favour, and not a rule, and those who are not employed as per the regulations have no claim to privileges, not even compensation in accident cases."
The News International bluntly said that appalling as the toll is, "we should not be surprised that these incidents happened".
"Industrial accidents such as these are becoming increasingly common across the country; a collapsing building here or a fire there, a few dead and injured and a footnote in the news," it said.
"Building regulations are openly flouted, and building and factory inspectors handsomely bribed to look the other way. Many industrial buildings are designed as deathtraps from the outset - the building in Karachi certainly was."
It went on to ask: "How many of the newly-arising multi-storey housing blocks have fire escapes or sprinkler systems? How many of the large modern private schools have fire drills and how many parents question this as they hand over fat fees?"
"...Life is cheap, and the lamentable standard of health and safety at work practices is reflective of this," it said.
"...the only way forward is enforcement. There must be a rigorous application of the law via a system of inspections proofed against corruption and political interference. Otherwise nothing is going to change as a result of either incident, and in another week or another month the media will be reporting another tragedy," it added.
First Published: Thursday, September 13, 2012, 11:26
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Google seems to classify self as potentially malign
Blogspot bother evokes inadvertent homepage self-hate
Casual observers may have concluded that Google has defined a portion of its own search page as potentially malign this morning.
In reality, the warning that users visiting a particular page might become exposed to drive-by download attacks involves blogspot.com. Blogspot was caught serving content from a hacker-controlled domain, hence the health warning.
A screenshot of the snafu was captured by security researcher Mikko Hyppönen of F-Secure here.
"The warning about google.com was shown by the browser when accessing a page on Blogspot by clicking a link in Google search results," Hyppönen told El Reg. "The problem was on blogspot.com, not on google.com - it just looked that way."
The snag coincided with the expansion of Google's vulnerability rewards program to include bugs in its web services, such as search, Gmail and blogger.com. ®
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School shootings are uncommon and unpredictable. As such, they might be classified as “Black Swans”, events which are random yet produce extreme impacts. It is perhaps more productive to focus on what is known about such attacks and direct mitigation measures accordingly. ONLINE EXCLUSIVE
I was originally going to write this article in the summer of 2012, after the Aurora shootings. I was gathering data for that piece when the Sandy Hook shootings occurred. I listened, in numbed sadness with the rest of the country while the pundits opined upon the reasons 20 children and six adults had their lives ended, suddenly, violently and without apparent reason. The more liberal media discussed gun control . Others stressed the mental state of the shooter. All were searching, if not for a reason, then a solution. Both are tragically, elusive. The answer may lie not in traditional risk assessment models but in a modified methodology that takes into account the unpredictable nature of such events, likely targets (vulnerabilities) and application of appropriate mitigation measures.
The truth of the matter is that there is no facile way to solve the problem of random school shootings. Data is sketchy, trends inconclusive. Although such events seem to have proliferated in the last decade or so, the truth is that schools are safe. Despite a rise of 50 percent in people who reported being fearful of school violence, there was a 40 percent decrease on school-related deaths during the same period. Still another report pointed out that “during the school year 2008/2009 there were 38 school-associated violent deaths — in a population of about 55.6 million students in grades prekindergarten through 12.” According to the National Center of Educational Statistics, in fall 2012, more than 49.8 million students will attend public elementary and secondary schools. Of these, 35.1 million will be in pre-kindergarten through 8th grade and 14.8 million will be in grades 9 through 12. Statistically then, the ratio of deaths by school shootings to overall student population is extremely small. They are, in risk parlance, low probability events.
Risk is often expressed as the probability that an event will occur. More specifically, it is defined as the probability that a certain outcome will follow a certain event . The Department of Homeland Security uses the equation
R (risk) = T x V x C, where T = threat, V = vulnerability and C = consequence. Thus, risk is viewed as the product of three variables that are dependant on one another. Given the impossibility of eliminating risk entirely, the issue becomes one of deciding how much risk to accept, given budgetary constraints, probabilities and occasionally, political and social considerations.
As applied to school shootings however this model, as one study pointed out, has inherent limitations. Although it holds up reasonably well in predicting risk from natural hazards, “…defining the threat and estimating probabilities are inherently challenging because of the lack of experience with such events…” It is challenging to adequately define the threat of a school shooting incident. Data is scarce (i.e., there haven’t been enough of these events to produce reliable data, despite around-the-clock media focus when such events occur). Variables are endless. Methods, equipment and approaches to the target available to an attacker are almost unlimited. Threat, moreover, is sometimes characterized through an assessment of capability, intent, history and targeting, among others . Given the availability of guns, the muddled mental states of many of these shooters and a wide spectrum of opportunity, characterizing threat in the context of a school shooting incident is virtually impossible. What then, are we to do? We can’t protect everything, always. Also, more indirect approaches to the problem, such as behavioral analysis have limited applicability in a school setting.
It is arguably in the area of consequence where school shootings are most influential. Also referred to as impact, the after-effects of school shootings are undeniably dramatic and long term. The media, who bemoan the “evil” deed while interviewing 8-year old “eyewitnesses” , add immeasurably to the level of impact involved in these events. One article, recommending changes in our approach to school shooting incidents, makes the point that “…media coverage following school shootings can be extreme in both scope and intensity ” .
The recent media frenzy at Sandy Hook underscores this issue: unrelenting press coverage of a deeply emotional and tragic event increases impact exponentially. A 24/7 news cycle and the intrinsic news value of the Sandy Hook shootings only added to the shock and sadness felt across the United States and the world. Thus, although school shootings are themselves intrinsically high-impact events, a ubiquitous press greatly exacerbates their consequences.
In sum then, school shootings are inherently high impact events, driven by threats that are often difficult to characterize, predict or mitigate. They are, in fact, Black Swans.
The Black Swan Event
Nassim Taleb, in his book The Black Swan (Second Edition), refers to events that are characterized by three attributes. First, the event is what Taleb refers to as an outlier, in that it “…lies outside the realm of regular expectations.” Next, such events carry with them extreme consequences. Finally, although improbable (or precisely because they are improbable) human nature demands that these events be predictable and explicated. As such, Black Swans are retrospectively explained and thereby considered predictable. But as Taleb goes on to note, they are not. “Black Swans being unpredictable (italics added), we need to adjust to their existence (rather than naively try to predict them)…There are so many things we can do if we focus on…what we do not know.” Dealing with a Black Swan problem is made easier, Taleb suggests, when we “…focus on robustness to errors rather than improving predictions.” “The bottom line:” he goes on to say, is to “…be prepared!...Be prepared for all relevant eventualities.”
The Sandy Hook Problem
If Taleb is correct, the “experts” will look back upon the Sandy Hook shootings and attempt to understand how such a horrific event occurred; what we missed that might have permitted us to somehow prevent, or at least mitigate the tragedy. The shooting will be “explained”, rendered knowable within the realm of predictive experience and added to other Black Swans that we have turned into the white ones with whom we’re more comfortable. Taleb refers to this habit as “the retrospective distortion”. “Police searching for motive” the headlines read this morning. They were referring to the Sandy Hook shootings, trying to ascertain why Adam Lanza, a 20-year old “quiet” and “withdrawn” youth would kill 20 children and six adults at a Connecticut elementary school.
This begs a question: How is this helpful? What does this information bring to the tragedy that might help mitigate other such incidents? Why do we continue to attempt to close loops with data which provide little, if any assistance to the issue of school shootings? And since we believe that events such as this demand some solution, what do we do? How do we mitigate risk where the threat is fundamentally unpredictable and impact is very high? In risk terminology, the low-probability, high-consequence event. Sandy Hook.
Asking the right question
One possible approach (there are no answers) might lie in concentrating on the areas where we do have some data; where there is some measure of predictability. If we examine vulnerability in the risk equation R = T x V x C, some useful information becomes available. If meaningful threat characterization is impossible (e.g., who will mount the next attack, where will it occur, what weapons will be used, etc.), and the impact will be high, (due to the nature of school shootings and the frenzied media coverage that inevitably ensues), perhaps the answer lies elsewhere. As Socrates pointed out, wisdom lies not in knowing answers but in asking the right questions. We may not know who, when or even why, but we can make an education guess as to where. Not “where” in terms of the next school, but where in terms of target. Regardless of who the next school shooter is, he/she will attack a school: college, elementary/high school, private school, etc. And the areas within the school will be similar; administrative offices, classrooms, the cafeteria/student center, libraries – wherever the targets (students, teachers and administrative staff) congregate. This being the case, perhaps hardening likely areas within schools would be the most productive mitigation strategy.
I teach a course in risk analysis for a small university. Every semester, my students conduct a risk analysis on the school itself. Sometimes the threat they are given involves a school shooting incident. In these cases, the risk mitigation measures their teams apply to the university produce very similar results. Some illustrative examples follow:
• Classrooms are constructed without windows or exit doors. In some schools, classrooms walls are glass.
• Classrooms have one door, which opens in and cannot be locked from the inside.
• Doors all contain glass which enables anyone on the outside to look (or shoot) into the classroom.
• Interior walls are constructed of plasterboard. A shot from a 9mm handgun (Lanza had two of these) would travel through most (if not all) of the building before being stopped.
• Outer school perimeters are seldom contiguous; nor are they usually monitored, either by staff or cameras.
• Day-to-day protocols, even if understood and disseminated appropriately are often not observed.
• Importantly, emergency measures with regard to school shooting incidents are seldom briefed down to those who may actually need to know them and are (even less often) practiced.
• Administrative procedures (supported by classes, lectures, etc.) designed to identify and act upon certain student behaviors might be implemented and carried forward.
• Security guards/police and even teacher volunteers might be armed and placed in the school.
• On a higher plane, appropriate legislation in response to legal issues. These might range from availability of weapons to information-sharing among health professionals .
• Especially in the case of elementary schools, students need to be taught to both recognize and communicate dangerous behavior to school authorities.
It is again important to note that these are illustrative examples, not meant to be considered all-inclusive or universally applied across the spectrum of school campuses – college, public or private - in the U.S. They provide a measure of what Nissan Taleb refers to as “prevention” and “robustness”. In their totality, addressing vulnerabilities such as the ones above provide a level of resiliency to school operations. Moreover, they are areas where data, albeit sparse, do exist. Attempts to “explain” school shooting events, even if successful (i.e., we discover what drove Adam Lanza to kill 27 people) are seldom instructive. Likewise, our ability to predict such events is limited, if it exists at all. What we are left with then, is a focus on those areas we know experientially or can deduce logically. These may involve the physical vulnerabilities of schools and classrooms, administrative and/or emergency procedures and targets. Applying mitigation measures to these “known” weaknesses results in a net gain; a hardening of the targets attractive to the school shooter. This approach is far more likely to achieve results than endless discussions about “motive” (the why) or personal characteristics (the who) or choice of location and weapons (the where and what) of people who perpetrate such atrocities. It is rather, a focus, as Nassim Taleb says, on the “relevant eventualities”.
School shootings, although occurring at an increasing rate, are uncommon and unpredictable. As such, they might be classified as “Black Swans”, events which are random yet produce extreme impacts. To the extent that this is so, traditional risk assessment methods are of limited usefulness. It is perhaps more productive to focus on what is known about such attacks (i.e., physical, administrative and procedural vulnerabilities, targets) and direct mitigation measures accordingly. Lacking a predictive capability, our focus should be on prevention, robustness and resiliency.
Bob Raffel is an associate professor in the homeland security program at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. For the last six years he's been teaching a course he developed on critical infrastructure protection and risk analysis.
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Yesterday we talked about the “7 Steps” to achieve financial independence, or really to achieve ANY type of independence with a new skill.
Today, however, I’d like to get more specific with you, and show you exactly what you need to do to achieve true financial independence.
I warn you, it is not easy (nothing worthwhile ever is), but given our current global economic mess and the continued reduction in our standard of living, it is now more important than ever for you to take charge of your own financial future!
And the great news is that it is possible for you to achieve financial independence, and to do it in a relatively short period of time! But it’s not without work…remember, kung fu refers to “any skill achieved through hard work and practice…” (But I’m pretty sure we can make it fun, too).
So let’s get started…it’s time to earn your Kung Fu Finance White Belt:
Level 1 – White Belt: Vision and Commitment
The very first step on your journey to financial independence is to define what exactly financial independence means to YOU.
Before you write this off as just “crazy new-age woo-woo” stuff, consider this from Bruce Lee:
“Probably, people will say I’m too conscious of success. Well, I am not. Success comes to those who become success-conscious. If you don’t aim at an object, how the heck on earth do you think you can get it?” — Bruce Lee, Striking Thoughts
It is important to create your vision of financial independence at the very outset, so that like Bruce you can “aim at it” and then attain it! If you don’t know where you are going, I can assure you that you will never get there.
It’s not enough to sit around and “hope” you will vaguely “have more money” somehow, someday (believe me, I’ve tried this and it’s one thing that doesn’t work!). You need to spend some time deciding exactly what you want your life to “look like” when you’ve achieved financial independence.
Then, once you know where you are going, I (and others in our community) can help you get there.
Defining Your Vision
Here are some questions to help you get started creating your vision, and tomorrow I will share my own personal vision with you. So grab your favorite beverage and a pen and write down the answers to these questions:
And remember to have fun with it! One more quote from Bruce tells us,
“Enjoy yourself—Remember my friend to enjoy your planning as well as your accomplishment, for life is too short for negative energy.”
Wise words from a wise man.
1. What excites you?
It is important to distinguish between mere “happiness” or “contentment” and true, honest excitement. Most people when creating a vision for their life or their business tend to focus on what will make them “happy”. (If this works for you then by all means, go for it, but personally I have found that “happy” is just not motivating enough for me.)
“Excitement” motivates me to act whereas “happiness” and “contentment” are just…nice.
You want to focus on what truly excites you– what will cause you to spring out of bed in the morning completely excited about the day ahead?
2. What does an exciting financially independent future look and feel like to you? What will you be doing during the day? During the evenings?
3. Where will you live? In the US or another country? If in the US, which state? City or country? Can you describe your ideal home/apartment/living space?
4. Whom will you hang out with? People are so important to our happiness! Whom do you want to spend your time with and why will they want to spend time with YOU?
5. What will you eat (and drink if you are a wino like me)? Are you a “foodie”? Will you grow your own organic vegetables and entertain your friends? Or do you hate to cook and want to eat out all of the time instead? Or is “food” just not that important to you and not even a factor to consider?
6. What type of activities will you engage in? Will you travel? Golf? Swim? Read? Paint? Ski? Surf?
7. What will you do to create value for other people? (Assuming you don’t want to simply waste away in quiet misery doing nothing for no one for the rest of your life…) Do you want to work at all? Volunteer? Write a book? Write a song? Create something of some sort for others?
Many financial gurus will try to sell you on the idea of a “retirement paradise” where you “never have to work at all, ever” (and if you are reading this while currently buried at a 60-80 hour per week job I am sure that sounds fantastic to you right now!)
But I have to break it to you….Most people, after taking a much-needed break from their hectic “pre-financially independent” life, really do want to “be useful” and create value for other people (and of course feel valued in return!).
This can take on many forms, and can be for money or just for the sheer pleasure derived from helping other people. Two extreme examples that I can think of are Warren Buffett, who continues to run Berkshire Hathaway in his eighties although he certainly doesn’t need the money, and my mother-in-law, who creates special paintings and poems for our entire family just because she loves to make us smile. Both are doing something they love, one is compensated financially and one isn’t, and both are creating lots of value for other people.
Why is this vision important to you?
As you are fleshing out your vision, you also need to ask yourself why this is important to you. Why does financial independence matter to you? Why is your vision so important to your future that you are willing to change what you are doing now to achieve it?
We all know the definition of insanity (doing the same things over and over and expecting different results), and in order to become financially independent you will need to do some things differently and get out of your comfort zone.
So ask yourself why achieving your vision will be “worth it” to you…Do you work 80 hours per week and dream of spending more time with your family? Do you lose 2-3 hours per day commuting? Are you worried that Social Security won’t be “enough” for you (or worse, that it won’t even exist!) by the time you retire?
All of these reasons “why” will help you get through the necessary rough patches and succeed.
What will happen if you do nothing?
Finally, you have to make the risk of sticking with your current status quo and doing nothing more painful than the risk of going after your vision.
Capture your fears, and then set up your environment and your mind so that there is no other option for you except success.
You must want to achieve your vision in your heart of hearts, and you must understand what’s at stake if you don’t try. Otherwise, when the inevitable difficulties and roadblocks arise (and believe me, they will, that is just the way life works!), you will do the worst-possible thing: quit.
And that is the only way you can fail…by quitting.
But instead, if when the going gets tough, you can hold your vision in front of you and remember why it is so important to you, you will persevere and win.
Which brings us to the final test for your white belt…
Final White Belt Test: Are You Ready to COMMIT?
This is where the rubber meets the road. By now, you should have a crystal clear vision of where you want to go, a deep understanding of why it is so important to you, and knowledge of what is at stake for you if you instead choose to do nothing and stick with your status quo.
Are you ready to commit to your financial independence?
Then congratulations grasshopper! You have just earned your Kung Fu Finance White Belt!
Tomorrow I will share my personal vision with you.
Thank you as always for reading and being a part of our Kung Fu Finance community!
To your financial success,
—Kung Fu Girl
Want to master your finances? Join us now.
Why don't you join our community on your journey to financial mastery.
Sign up below for the FREE Kung Fu Finance newsletter.
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Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts
The Museum partners with Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts in Dallas on various projects with students and teachers that focus on the relationships among the arts and the integration of works of art into all subject areas. As neighbors in the Dallas Arts District, the Museum and Booker T. Washington collaborate often.
Arts & Letters Live
Students enrolled in the Portfolio Class create two-dimensional works in response to short stories featured in the Texas Bound program.
World History teacher Carolyn Reitz brings her classes to the Museum monthly to use the galleries as an extension of her classroom. The main goal for this class is to focus on works of art as primary resources for understanding culture and history.
The Dallas Museum of Art hosts numerous performing, visual, and literary artists for short- and long-term collaborative projects and programs. Conversations and workshops with these artists are designed for students, offering opportunities to learn about the careers of professional artists.
Students participating in the afterschool Video Club meet with local filmmakers, discuss and learn techniques, and create film shorts using the Museum's collections, building, and programs as inspiration. In 2009, students created film shorts inspired by works of art in the Museum's collections. In 2010 students created short documentaries featuring schools participating in the Young Artists Program for The Art Ball.
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Ready for the weekend? To help you pass your Friday here are the highlights of what distracted me this week online, what I bookmarked that I hope to one day eat, and a picture.
"Well, what does eat correctly mean, you know? That's really what we're talking about here, is what does eat correctly mean? What I say in the book is that the two things that every successful diet share in common: low sugar, high fiber. So what's a low-sugar, high-fiber diet called? It's called real food." Robert Lustig, endocrinologist and obesity doc and author of Fat Chance: Beating the Odds Against Sugar, Processed Food, Obesity, and Disease. (via The Fallacies Of Fat an NPR interview with him)
My Mother Gives Me Her Recipe by Marge Piercy
Sarah Hallacher's Beef Stakes project, "a [visual] data representation of the amount of beef produced in 2011." Her styrofoam packaged "steaks" represent steak production scaled by state size for the 4 top producers in the US: Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska and Texas; their labels provide information about steak processing. (via NPR)
Neil deGrasse Tyson's life philosophies highlighted at Jay Parkinson + MD + MPH
Eggs Boiled in a Pressure Cooker at Hip Pressure Cooking
Ginger-Lamb Coconut Curry at NPR's Open Window
Moroccan Kale Salad adapted from Robyn Youkilis, Your Healthiest You, NYC
New Yeah, Yeah, Yeahs in April?! Can't wait.
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FloridaVoices.com posts JMI Resident Fellow Bill Mattox’s opinion editorial: “Is Mitt Romney the Second Coming of Calvin Coolidge?”
Text of Column:
When Chris Christie gave his keynote address at the Republican National Convention, I couldn’t help but notice that he bears a curious resemblance to all three major candidates from the 1912 presidential election.
In girth, Christie looks like a William Howard Taft Republican. In style, he uses the bully pulpit like that pugnacious Bull Moose, Theodore Roosevelt. And in position, he serves as Governor of New Jersey, just as Woodrow Wilson did.
When I think of which president GOP nominee Mitt Romney most resembles, there’s little question that it is Calvin Coolidge, a former Massachusetts governor often described as stiff, reticent and socially awkward. In fact, Alice Roosevelt Longworth once said that Coolidge looked “as though he had been weaned on a pickle.” And Dorothy Parker, upon learning that “Silent Cal” had died, reportedly asked, “How can they tell?”
Interestingly, Coolidge often played along with his critics. When Parker announced at a dinner party that she had bet someone she could get more than two words out of Coolidge, Silent Cal responded, “You lose.” Similarly, Coolidge once observed, “I think the American people want a solemn ass as a President – and I think I will go along with them.”
Romney would probably benefit from displaying a similar self-deprecating wit. He might also help himself by mimicking Coolidge’s famous line, “Don’t expect to build up the weak by pulling down the strong.” Romney almost surely would benefit from pledging to govern like Coolidge.
During his time as mayor of Northampton, Mass., Coolidge somehow managed to cut taxes, increase teachers’ salaries and retire some of the city’s debts. He produced a similar record as governor of Massachusetts. And as president, Coolidge reduced federal spending, cut income taxes and helped generate enough economic growth to enable the U.S. Treasury to retire one-quarter of its debt.
Coolidge is often derided for saying, “The chief business of the American people is business.” Yet, interestingly, the context for this Romney-like “gaffe” was a 1925 speech before the American Society of Newspaper Editors in which Coolidge exhorted the “mainstream media” of his day to do a better job covering the concerns of ordinary Americans striving to climb the economic ladder and make a better life for themselves.
Similarly, historian Robert Sobel believes that those who criticize Coolidge for being too “laissez-faire” fail to understand his fidelity to the constitutional principle that Romney has invoked in health policy: federalism. Sobel notes that when Coolidge was governor of Massachusetts, he supported measures (like reducing the work week from 54 hours to 48 hours) that he refused to nationalize as president because “such matters were considered the responsibilities of state and local governments.”
Whatever one makes of Romney’s policy prescriptions, I suspect many Americans would welcome a Coolidge-like commitment from the GOP nominee (and from President Obama) to avoid the politics of personal destruction in favor of substantive campaign speeches focused on one’s philosophy of governing. That sort of strategy is not only high-minded, but it also increases the likelihood that Americans will elect the candidate who best reflects their beliefs about government.
In the 1920s, Coolidge’s view of limited government fit the times. As Walter Lippmann once noted, Silent Cal’s political genius lay in his talent for embodying the growing belief that “government in this country has become dangerously complicated and top-heavy.”
Nearly 100 years later, many Republicans are no doubt hoping that Mitt Romney will somehow manage to do the same.
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|Make Your Own Snow!|
|If you don't have the real thing!|
cups warm water
1 cup pure laundry soap or soap flakes
Food Coloring (optional)
Put water and soap in a large bowl and beat with an electric mixer until very fluffy. Add color if desired. If you like, separate the mixture into a number of bowls, and tint each a different color. Have your child mold the fluff into shapes and allow the shapes to dry.
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Photography with cameras
Nikon D3x, Nikon D300, Canon 50D
Image editing with Photoshop
|Seite 1 von 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 |
|The upper section of the body (prosoma) has dark edges and is a glassy, yellow to light brown colour. On the upper side is a black marking which resembles a "Y". The sternum is dark brown.
The rear section of the body (opisthosoma) is oblong. The basic colours of the upper side are white , yellow , green or reddish-brown. . At the upper section of the opisthosoma is the characteristic leaf-shaped marking (folium) , which varies in colour (often in highly-contrasting red tones). The underside is yellow to brown in colour, with one dark and two bright stripes in the middle.
The legs of the autumn spider are yellow to light brown in colour and have indistinct dark spots and rings. The midfoot (metatarsal) of the first leg pair is (on...|
...o brown in colour, with one dark and two bright stripes in the middle.
The legs of the autumn spider are yellow to light brown in colour and have indistinct dark spots and rings. The midfoot (metatarsal) of the first leg pair is (on the ventral side) slightly hairy, ( on the ventral side).
Due to its appearance, the autumn spider can easily can confused with the small autumn spider (Metellina mengei), which is similar in colour. . The species can be told apart by the shape of their genitals, their body size and the hair on the l...
...m August to October.
The autumn spider is diurnal and feeds on insects. It builds a relatively small orb-web which is often close to the ground, The web is not more than about 1.5 metres from the ground. The autumn spider is usually found upside down in the centre of its web or near the edge , waiting for prey. In case of danger or disturbance, the spider falls back into the vegetation and adopts a special posture as camouflage. At to the soil the autumn spider can often be found in the...
|Water scavenger beetles reach body lengths of 4-9 mm. Their bodies are oval-shaped, with a very flat underside. They have a slightly metallic sheen, are deep black in colour and shimmer slightly bronze when seen in light.
Adults have short, club-shaped antennae. Their mouthparts (maxillary palpi) are elongated, yellowish to reddish-brown in colour an...|
...water (mixture of river and sea water). The adults eat rotten plant debris. They surface for air head first and trap air to breath under their wing covers (elytra) and "row" themselves along by alternating the hind legs, wiggling from side to side as they swim. Their eyesight is not very developed. Therefore, it is possible for the beetles to land on? reflective surfaces (wet or shiny car roofs, windows, etc.) having confused them with open waters.
After mating, the oviposition of the fe...
|The orange tip has a wingspan of 35-50 mm. The upper sides of the wings of both sexes are white. The outermost part of the forewings is grey to black-grey in the females, and orange in the males. This orange mark is characteristic of the species hence their name In the centre of the upper side of the forewings is a black spot, which is somewhat smaller on the males. The colouring of the underside of the forewings is roughly the same as the upper side.|
|The bug is oval in shape and can reach lengths of 3.8 to 5 mm. Their antennae are about the same length as their bodies, and are bright and clearly segmented. The upper side of the body is bare and shiny. Half blankets and neck shield have a dark brown to black hue and the centre and tips of the wings bear patches of yellowy - red. On the upper side of the insect is a yellow mark in the shape of a small heart. These bugs have large complex eyes. The head and legs are lighter in colour than the rest of the body. There are dark patches on the legs.|
|... of 3-5 mm, males, 3-4. 5mm. The sexes are similar in shape and are light brown, reddish-brown or dark brown in colour. The front part of the body (cephalothorax) is pale yellowish brown to reddish brown in colour and without markings. The weak dark side edges are often difficult to recognize. On the surface of the back are dark-brown stripes which widen in the direction of the eyes without touching them. The front eyes and rear side eyes are close together. Sometimes they even touch. The deep black fangs (chelicera) are compared with the enlarged eyes. Their poison claws are long and thin. |
|The legs of honey bees are segmented, the hind legs play an important role in pollen collection. The first sector of the hind legs is greatly widened. On the inner side of this, is a thick line of hair which the bee uses to brush off pollen remains. Pollen is transported to the hive in "baskets" made out of an arrangement of hairs, also located on the hind legs. Like all bees, the honey bee has mouth p...|
|Marmelade Fly Episyrphus balteatus from the side|
|black spider with grey oval on back (2)|
|Brown spider with oval shape on back (2)|
|spider oval on back (2)|
|fly with hairy face (1)|
|black hairy quick spider (1)|
|geen and yellow oval shape spider (1)|
|uper hairy women (1)|
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The world has changed. The only two faces, the only names of people of substance that seem to compete with Mickey Mouse or Ronald McDonald or a Pokemon figure for instant awareness among children are Black: Barack Obama and Martin Luther King. The world does change. And, it can change for the better.
I have a dream …
Thus, my young children know who MLK is without even needing prompting from their parents. He is, even for my 4-year old, a hero, a name of excitement and power.
Thus, they paid attention when I took them to hear the man who I told them might be, hopefully will be the Martin Luther King of the 21st Century: Van Jones.
For those who follow my blogging, my focus is clear: energy and global warming challenges. I blog as part of my efforts to help us (US) chart and sail a course through the perfect storm created by Peak Oil, Global Warming, Peak Water, Population Growth, and the myriad other intertwined challenges to a good future for your, my, our children and all of us (and all for the U.S.).
Through my path of discovery, through my engagement on these issues, I have had a chance to find real heroes and Van Jones is truly a hero. He speaks with power, with insight, with passion, with eloquence to the challenges and opportunities of combining “green” issues with dealing with the challenges of equity in our society and across the globe.
A decade ago, Van created the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights
JUSTICE + OPPORTUNITY + PEACE
Working for justice in the system, opportunity in our cities, and peace in our streets.
One of the four initiatives within the center, the Green Collar Jobs Campaign:
The “green wave” is coming.
A new, multi-billion dollar economic sector is emerging, bringing new opportunities in green construction, clean technology, urban agriculture and energy. Our goal: ensure that this green economy is strong enough to lift people out of poverty.
Green-Collar Jobs Campaign creates opportunities in the green economy for poor people and people of color through policy advocacy, public outreach, and an employment pipeline - the Green Jobs Corps.
And, from this effort emerged Green For All which “has a simple but ambitious mission: to help build a green economy strong enough to lift people out of poverty.”
“It’s time the African American community had a part in the discussion on climate change,” said Jones. “We’re not going to solve global warming just with expensive consumer choices like buying hybrid cars and shopping for organic food. People need to realize that you don’t have to be white or wealthy to benefit from going green.”
Van Jones (the Ella Baker Center, Green For All), working with partners like the Apollo Alliance and 1 Sky, has had an impact. One of the bright lights of the 2007 Energy Bill was the $125 million for green-collar job training opportunities which provides enough resources for training about 30,000 workers a year in “green-collar” jobs. And, 20 percent of that is targeted for “a green Pathways Out of Poverty Program” to specifically get this taining to low-income Americans “who have the greatest need for training and career pathways in the clean-energy economy.” This $125 million is simply a beginning, a downpayment on what is required and the opportunities before us. But, that $125 million occurred in no small part because of Van Jones passion, eloquence, and strength.
The Green Collar Economy
Earlier this year, Van published The Green Collar Economy: How one solution can fix our two biggest problems. To be clear, this is a book that should be in every library in the nation and, preferably, required reading in high schools and universities across the country. (And, well, I’ve recommended it into multiple ‘book clubs’ … and recommend it highly to everyone reading this.)
Green Collar Economy is a thoughtful, impassioned, and inspiring merging of ‘environmentalism’ and ’social justice’ into a vision to rescue the economy, save the environment, and enrich our society. In addition to providing a language for and striving to bridge different constituencies to create a new alliance to fight ‘poverty and pollution’ at the same time. And, in his lectures and in this book, he provides a language for discussing understanding “waste” in a much more holistic form. We can’t afford “waste” and “wasteful” practices: whether this is inefficient and polluting use of fossil fuels or economic practices that marginalized (and shatter) entire communities.
While the Stimulus Package is far from perfect and can be strengthened in many ways, many of the jobs to be created are “green jobs”. The power of his voice and the power of his advocacy are, in no small part, responsible for this. (And, note that the new Secretary of Labor, Hilda Solis, is a close ‘ally’ of Van’s …)
On this Martin Luther King Day, “I have a dream …” I have a dream that we, in the United States and Globally, find a path to combine the fostering of a climate-friendly economy with the path toward an equitable society. Eco-Equity. True sustainability requires this combination. As I look around at my Pantheon of Heroes, Van Jones stands out as a man who is playing a major role in fostering that dream.
We can all help make
Are you doing your part to
to a prosperous and climate-friendly future?
- Today is a day of National Service and if you are looking for a last minute opportunity to ’serve’ the greater good, you might not need to look farther than your own home and your own life. You can take steps to Make Energy CENTS from the Home to the Globe. ReCharge America provides material for a “Home Energy Saving Tune Up Kit” as well as material to then use to encourage and help your neighbors and friends tune up the home. And, if you find it beyond your own skills, hiring someone to help you do it is helping propel and move forward the very green jobs and the green economy that Van Jones is helping enunciate.
- This is a reprise of a 2008 MLK post which I reposted in 2009 with some joy looking to Van’s increased voice (as per a NYTimes bestselling author) and influence (as a soon to be White House staff member). Sadly, the knives went out and he fell victim to hate attacks (and, regretfully, there was not a full thottled defense of one of America’s greatest strengths: the potential for people (and society) to learn and transform and make something greater of ourselves and all of U.S.). Van remains a powerful voice — one that creates fear in those seeking to turn U.S. backwards rather than move U.S. forwards to a stronger and more prosperous society. He is impassioned, knowledgeable, and compassionate — his eloquence can speak to any who will listen with an open mind. Knowledge, passion, and eloquence are powerful … as Martin Luther King showed us all.
On MLK’s speech in relation to the challenge of communicating climate / energy issues, I recommend Joe Romm’s “I Have a Dream”.
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- New SUSY searches from ATLAS and CMS.
Searches in several new channels have been presented: jets+MET+b-tags (relevant for sbottom production), trileptons (relevant for gauge mediated models), e-mu resonance (relevant for certain R-parity violating scenarios), and so on. No excess has been seen, and the parameter space of SUSY has been further constrained. Later I may write something more about the significance of these results, but actually the most striking observation here is how both experiments illustrated their analyses. CMS showed a series of cartoons that pretty accurately summarizes the evolution of SUSY from the early 90s till today:
Impossible Mission, a computer game from the 80s. Those who grew up on ZX Spectrum remember well that the game was long, frustrating, and actually impossible to complete ;-)
- New Higgs combination from the Tevatron.
In the last couple of years we got used to Tevatron shrinking the available range for the Higgs mass. This time the 95 percent exclusion range is actually slightly worse than in summer 2010 due to an upward background fluctuation. This may be a sign that the Tevatron Higgs searches are approaching the end of the line, and the full data set that will be analyzed next year may not bring significant improvements. See Tommaso's blog for more comments.
- First exciting Higgs results from the LHC.
The ATLAS and CMS searches for Higgs-like scalars in the tau-tau final state chops off a new portion the MSSM Higgs parameter space. See this post for more details.
- LHC measurements of top quark properties.
Top is at the moment the hottest issue in particle theory due to the anomaly in the forward-backward asymmetry of the top quark production measured by Tevatron's CDF. Most new physics explanations predict new phenomena that should affect various top quark properties measured at the LHC. CMS flashed some plots the very important distribution of the differential top pair production cross section as a function of the pair invariant mass.Nothing unusual can be seen there, except for a small glitch near 700 GeV. This measurement should severely constrain some explanations of the CDF anomaly, for example those involving the heavy gluon partner.
- CMS observation of single top.
It took 8 years of the Tevatron Run-2 to pinpoint the single top production, and even now it cannot be extracted from the background without some neural network hocus pocus. On the other hand, CMS was able to observe that process with just 35 fb-1 of data. As new physics often modifies the coupling of the top quark to W and b, which in turn affects the cross section for the single top production, single top may provide important constraints or discoveries in the near future. See also this post on Symmetry Breaking.
- LHCb limits Bs → μμ.
This is supposed to be the flag measurement of the LHCb experiment. The importance of this rare decay process stems from the fact that the branching fraction is very suppressed in the Standard Model whereas it can easily be enhanced in many theories beyond the Standard Model, in particular in the MSSM. The first LHCb limit is already close to that from the Tevatron, so that LHCb should take over already this summer. See Collider Blog for more details on the measurement.
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This is a masterful account of how people in the United States and around the world worked to abolish war as a legitimate act of state policy and won in 1928, outlawing war with a treaty that is still on the books. Swanson's account of the successful work of those who came before us to insist that war be outlawed points us toward new ways of thinking about both war and political activism.
Number Of Pages: 174
Published: 19th October 2011
Dimensions (cm): 20.3 x 12.7 x 0.9
Weight (kg): 0.181
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The map drawn below shows eleven colonial plats surveyed at the head of Four Hole Swamp over a period of thirty-two years. I have inserted the modern names of two roads to help viewers orient themselves to this location. What is now called the Belleville Road was actually shown as a “broad path” on several of these early surveys (plats 6, 7, 8, and 9). There is actually also a hint of what is now US Highway 176 shown as a path on plat 10.
From the time these lands were granted until the first federal census in 1790 much of this property changed hands through various methods such as sales, marriages and inheritance. Most of the records that would detail these events were lost in the destruction of the courthouse records of Orangeburgh District. A few records have survived, though, because they were filed in Charleston or are still held in private collections. Some of those records can give us an idea of who lived in this vicinity at the time of that first enumeration.
On May 3, 1764, Joshua Lockwood, watchmaker of Charleston, sold the two tracts (plats 2 and 3) that his father, Joshua Lockwood had acquired in 1736. In one of the deeds, Joshua the watchmaker refers to his father as a trader of Orangeburgh Township. Given the location of one of the elder Lockwood’s plats (number 2) on the broad path (that led from Orangeburgh Township to Amelia Township), this would make sense. Joshua sold this plat to Melchior Smith, who already owned plat number 7 at the time and would later acquire plat number 11.
On the same day Joshua sold his father’s other tract (plat number 3) to Martin Zimmerman. Martin died before July 14, 1770 when his eldest son John sold 100 acres of this tract to Nicholas Shuler. (This 100 acres is shown as plat 3A on the next map.)
Melchior Smith had 300 acres surveyed in April 1767 (plat 11) but waited until June 5, 1770 to get his grant for it. Shortly thereafter, Melchior sold 200 acres of this tract to Barnard Smith. Barnard’s wife, Sovia Buckert, sold this same 200 acres on September 27, 1770 to Adam Buckert. On October 9, 1770 Melchior sold the other 100 acres of this tract to Paul Shirer.
In 1784 Jacob Moorer purchased the Bruck tract (plat number 6) from Jacob Bruck’s son, William. On December 24, 1785 Daniel Kemmerlin had a survey done for 150 acres in this same area (but not shown on this map).
By the time the census enumerator came through this area some of the property boundaries had changed from the initial surveys because of changes in ownership. There are also no known documentary clues that indicate where the various home sites were located. With what records are available though, we can at least approximate where two of the households may have been located in 1790.
Daniel Kemmerlin had several plats surveyed in this area before 1790 but I have not mapped all of them yet. If any of my readers are aware of any connections between the Sovia Buckert (who married Melchior Smith), the Adam Buckert to whom she sold the land and the John Burchard of this census, I would be delighted to hear from you.
Clara A. Langley, South Carolina Deed Abstracts, 1719-1772, 4 volumes (Easley, South Carolina: Southern Historical Press, 1983-1984), 3: 365.
Martin Zimmerman memorial, 1768, Memorial Books (Copy Series), 1731-1778, volume 9, page 464, item 1; Auditor General’s Office Series S111001; South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia.
John Zimmerman to Nicholas Shuler, Release, 14 July 1770; original, family copy, Jackson Family Papers; photographed by Margaret Waters, May 2011.
Langley, South Carolina Deed Abstracts, 1719-1772, 4: 170.
Brent H. Holcomb, South Carolina Deed Abstracts, 1773-1778 (Columbia: SCMAR, 1993), page 62.
Jacob and Polly Moorer to Henry Moorer, Title to Land, 22 August 1808; original, family copy, Jackson Family Papers; photographed by Margaret Waters, May 2011. This deed explains how Jacob’s father, Jacob, acquired the land from the Bruck family.
Daniel Kimmerlin plat, 24 December 1785, State Plat Books (Charleston Series), 1784-1860, volume 16, page 319, item 1; Surveyor General’s Office Series S213190; SCDAH, Columbia.
Lynn S. Teague, “The Early Moorers: Part 1,” Orangeburgh German-Swiss Newsletter 14 (Fall 2011), 91.
Carolyn Luttrell, Honoring Adair K. Whetstone, M.D., Citizen, Physician, Humanitarian, Christian (privately published, 1953), page 77. Luttrell gives the source of this information as loose papers from a family Bible owned by an elderly Whetstone descendant.
Orangeburgh District was created in 1769 as one of the seven original districts of South Carolina. It covered a huge part of the state, encompassing 4,540 of South Carolina’s 31,189 square miles. When the first Federal census was taken in 1790 the district was divided into a north part and a south part, each covered by one enumerator. The dividing line between the two areas followed no designated jurisdictional lines but ran along the North Fork of the Edisto River (where the North and South Fork came together) to the village of Orangeburg. From there it crossed the North Edisto and followed the road that ran to Ninety Six between the North and South Forks of the Edisto.
So, if your ancestor appeared in the 1790 census of Orangeburgh District, how can you tell more specifically where he lived? This is the first in a series of postings I will be doing about household locations in the 1790 census, similar to those I am doing for other early enumerations. I have assigned household numbers for this first census, similar to what I’ve used for the 1800 through 1820 and 1840 Orangeburgh District enumerations. I have not yet published a listing of the 1790 census with the household numbers but plan to do so once I identify the areas that later became Barnwell and Lexington Districts. Bear with me; this is a big task but I have to start somewhere!
The household locations shown on the drawing below are based on plats that were located relative to the 1845 survey shown on my blog entry of February 20, 2012. Other survey plats in the neighborhood confirm the locations of these but have not been included in the drawing to keep it easier to read.
Note: Polk Swamp was originally called Poke Swamp, through at least 1825 when Mill’s Atlas was published. The name evolved to Polk Swamp by the early twentieth century (Bowman 1921 15 minute quadrangle topographic map).
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What does the Bible say about ecology, or how we should relate to nature?
closed as not a real question by warren, Robert Cartaino♦ Aug 31 '11 at 3:17
It's difficult to tell what is being asked here. This question is ambiguous, vague, incomplete, overly broad, or rhetorical and cannot be reasonably answered in its current form. For help clarifying this question so that it can be reopened, see the FAQ.
In advance: Neiter the Old nor the New Testament contains consistent statement regarding ecology.
Nevertheless, three interesting passages:*
The dominium terrae in Gen 1:28
The passage in it's context (Gen 1:26-1:28):
The ideal world in the first chapter can be called a "Utopie of Nonviolence"1 The seeds, fruits and green plants are sufficient as a food base and neither a human nor an animal has to kill another creature for food procurement (cf. Gen 1:29). A harmony between human, animal and plant world is possible.
Only in the eary modern period (Francis Bacon, Rene Descartes), the "subdue it" (Vers 28) was interpreted as exploitation of the nature. Note that today's interpretations don't think of it as an invation for violent trampling but rather as a passage, that highlights the aspect of colonization and livestock2: The humans shall make the earth habitable by their work and tame the forces of nature.
The confrontation with the reality in Gen 9:1-7
God's blessing is still given. But here breaks through: The actual human experience of imperfection and the possibility of human error – the paradisical state of nonviolence is reduced.
Erich Zenger calls the force by which the man is equipped necessary to keep things in order. In order to prevent that the living space becomes a place of death, the man got the capability to protect threatened lives.3
In conclusion we can say …
… that the humans, as the preservers of life, received the order to deal with that in a responsibile way.
The sufferings of this present world (Rom 8:18-23)
In these passage a new eschatological dimension is added.
The eary Christian community was familiar with the thought of the World's imperfection. Paulus names that the suffering which is by the people and in the creation. By the fall of men every human-being and the whole creation is subjected to futility. But by Jesus Christ the humans and the world around is enlightend.
Ofcourse eschatology isn't interesting for ecology at all. But nevertheless this passage is to be noted from an ecological view of point because it states the close relatedness between humans and the creation.
*: Simone Birkle, Zukunft wagen, Ökologisch handeln (2002)
In regards to conservation, I believe there is a good warning in Revelation 11:18.
(emphasis added by me)
When this subject is raised, I always think of three passages. First is mankind being given dominion over the Earth and everything that's in it, as cited by Karl von Moor already. And the others are the Parable of the Pounds (Luke 19: 12-26), and the Parable of the Talents (Matthew 25: 14-30).
These parables have slightly different setups and several details are different between the two, but in both, Jesus explains that we will be held responsible for what we do with what God gives us to take care of. Remember that the Earth is not ours, it is His; we were given temporary stewardship over it just as the servants in the parables were given stewardship over their Master's money, and expected to take good care of it, and when the Judgment comes around, an accounting of our stewardship will be required at our hands.
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Editor's note: Soledad O'Brien reports on a Latina boxer about to face the fight of her life as she attempts to make her Olympic dream a reality. Watch "Latino In America: In Her Corner " at 8 p.m. ET/PT Saturday.
(CNN) -- When Ana María Tekina-eirú Maynard filled out her census form last year, she checked the box for Latino, and for the first time, she also checked the box for Native American.
It had taken her more than 30 years -- plus research and genetic testing -- to discover her ties to the indigenous Taínos of Puerto Rico, to claim her identity and re-learn what she thought she knew of her history.
She's not the only one. Since 2000, the number of Hispanics who identified themselves as Native American grew from 407,073 to 685,150, according to the 2010 census.
Some attribute the increase to immigration from parts of North and South America where there are large indigenous populations. In some cases, it's because of recently discovered ties to native cultures.
Growing up in the Bronx, New York, and spending summers in Puerto Rico, Maynard said she had no words to identify who she was. She just felt "different."
"It is one thing to know that you have indigenous blood," Maynard said. "And I have always known it. I look at the faces of my mother and grandmother, and that reality is undeniable."
But Maynard had long been taught that Taíno Indians, the indigenous people of Puerto Rico, were "gone, dead and buried" for centuries, decimated by Spaniards who arrived on the island in the 16th century.
"Why would you question what you have always been taught and what was considered as common knowledge?" she asked.
Still, 14 years ago, Maynard founded the Puerto Rican Folkloric Dance & Cultural Center in Austin, Texas, to preserve the culture of indiginous Puerto Ricans. Today, Maynard gives dance and singing classes as a volunteer at the center, in addition to her full-time job as an engineer with IBM.
Four years ago, Maynard heard about the work of Dr. Juan Carlos Martinez Cruzado, a geneticist from the University of Puerto Rico. In an island-wide genetic study, he found that at least 61.1% of those surveyed had mitochondrial DNA of indigenous origin.
Cruzado's findings eventually cast doubt upon the notion that the Taínos of Puerto Rico had been completely extinguished but suggested that they assimilated.
"When I learned about (Cruzado's) work, my life changed," Maynard said. "It was an awakening that the Taíno heritage was not extinct."
For Maynard, this was a living heritage to reclaim. Months later, she took a DNA test that confirmed she was Taíno via her mother's ancestry.
"I walked through that door and for the first time had a deep understanding of who I was," she said.
Despite diminished numbers -- the Taíno population decreased from 8 million in 1492 to 20,000 in 1520 to 200 in 1560 -- the Taíno culture has survived and is still present in the language today, said Jose Barreiro, assistant director for research at the National Museum of the American Indian.
"I am originally from Cuba, and I like to say to my fellow Cubans that Cuba is a Taíno word," Barreiro said. "They have no idea that when they say the word Cuba, they are speaking Taíno. It means 'big land, well-planted.' "
Mario Garza created the Indigenous Cultures Institute in 2005, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the research and preservation of indigenous cultures. It tries to educate people with indigenous roots who label themselves "Hispanic," Garza said.
The increasing number of people who identified as Latino and Native American in 2010 give him hope.
"The Spaniards tried to destroy our civilization and history, outlawed our ceremonies, yet we are still here," Garza said. "With a bigger group of Native Americans, we have a better chance of getting federal recognition and grants."
But for Maynard, it wasn't about gaining political power; it was a way to acknowledge her newly discovered Taíno heritage. Her Census form showed that the culture was still alive.
In a sacred ceremony, Maynard's priest gave her a consecrated Taíno name: "Tekina-eirú." It means "sweet teacher."
The name is apt, Maynard said, as she wants to teach the Taíno culture to those that come to her cultural center. Her two children will need to learn their own lessons about identity. She wants her children to know about what she yearned for: their roots.
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President offers few ideas for cutting long-term debt
Published: Friday, February 15, 2013 at 5:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Thursday, February 14, 2013 at 5:51 p.m.
President Barack Obama didn't pay much attention to the elephant in the chamber of the U.S. House of Representatives on Tuesday night.
No, the elephant wasn't the Republican majority in the House, although most Republicans in the audience for the State of the Union speech responded coolly to the president's proposals. By far the biggest elephant in the room was invisible but still a palpable presence: the $16.4 trillion national debt.
The massive federal debt, large annual budget deficits extending as far as the eye can see and the Republican House all had an influence on the modest spending increases Obama proposed. But the president was still determined to tell Americans what Washington could do for them — not what we all can do to reduce the debt and put the federal government on a fiscally responsible course.
Of course, everyone has an interest in shrinking the national debt. Each citizen's share of that debt now tops $52,000. But Obama's message offered little hope, over the long term, of the nation coming to grips with the looming debt crisis.
Oh, the president did say his proposals — by some estimates, around $80 billion in new spending — wouldn't increase the deficit "by a single dime." However, he didn't spell out how he was going to cover the higher costs.
As for actually cutting the deficit, Obama said members of Congress had worked together to reduce the deficit by more than $2.5 trillion through a combination of spending cuts and the president's favorite deficit remedy, tax hikes on the wealthy.
That's basically true, as far as it goes, but few economists believe the measures adopted by Congress go nearly far enough to control the long-term accumulation of debt.
The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office recently issued a report on the federal budget outlook. Here's a succinct summary: the long-term outlook is not good.
According to CBO analysts, the budget deficit will decline to $845 billion this year — the first time in five years the deficit has dipped below $1 trillion. If the federal government continues on its current course, deficits will fall until later in the decade, when they will begin an inexorable rise as a result, the CBO said, "of the pressures of an aging population, rising health care costs, an expansion of federal subsidies for health insurance and growing interest payments on the federal debt."
The CBO projects that deficits from 2014 to 2023 will total $7 trillion. Obama didn't mention that in his State of the Union address. To be fair, he said that the "biggest driver of our long-term debt is the rising cost of health care for an aging population." But he embraced only "modest reforms" for health-care programs like Medicare, and he didn't provide details on what those reforms would be or how only "modest" changes would head off a long-term reckoning on the debt.
Instead, he served up happy talk about investment tax credits, infrastructure projects and early childhood education. That's all well and good, but what will the future hold for our children if federal debt grows into a huge burden weighing down the economy?
Obama needs to join Republicans in a search for real solutions to the debt crisis. The cost of entitlement programs and interest on the debt are eventually going to consume the budget, leaving little on the table for working families. And as the CBO noted, rising debt could bring on a fiscal crisis in which investors lose confidence in the federal government and the cost of government borrowing soars to an unsustainable level.
Modest changes in entitlements are not enough to stop the country from going off a real fiscal cliff sometime in the next decade. The long-term state of the union will look bleak until the president and Congress tackle automatic federal spending on entitlements.
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FAQ: I've heard there will be a change in the make-up of voting members on county Farm Service Agency committees. Please explain.
Answer: U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced in June he intends to appoint voting members from socially disadvantaged or SDA communities to serve on county USDA committees in county jurisdictions that lack fair SDA representation. USDA's Farm Service Agency or FSA, which works collaboratively with county committees, published an interim rule June 4 in the Federal Register open for public comment for 60 days.
County committees have served as a direct link between the farm community and USDA for more than 75 years, helping deliver FSA farm programs at the local level. Eligible farmers serving on committees provide feedback to USDA on the types of FSA ag programs that best serve the needs of local producers.
"As we continue to build a USDA that's responsive to the needs of an evolving, 21st century agricultural economy, we must ensure a strong and sustainable future for these important committees," said Vilsack. "Appointing new voting members to committees that lack representation will help ensure that county committees continue to play a vital and relevant role in delivering important federal farm programs to citizens of rural communities across our nation."
Appointments would add SDA voting members to some county FSA committees
County committees were formed in the 1930s to oversee federal farm programs, a tool for grassroots engagement whereby locally elected committees give farmers effective self-government authority. That authority continues today, making farmers the primary stewards of farm programs passed by Congress, including administration and outreach to all farmers and ranchers in their area.
Secretarial appointments would add SDA voting members to county jurisdictional areas where representation is lacking, according to a statistical review conducted by USDA. The appointments will supplement the existing election process where currently there are 7,700 elected county committee members representing 2,244 county jurisdictions.
"We are proud of the great diversity that makes up our rural communities," says FSA administrator Bruce Nelson, "and appointing voting members to committees that lack representation is an important step in helping to maintain a robust county committee system for all producers."
Authority to appoint these members is provided by 2002 Farm Bill
Authority to appoint voting SDA members was granted in the 2002 Farm Bill passed by Congress. The interim rule allows the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture to ensure fair representation on county committees by appointing a voting member in areas identified under-representing the diversity of area producers. Each year, USDA will conduct a fresh statistical analysis, and appointments with voting authority will continue to occur in areas identified under-representing the diversity of area producers.
A copy of this interim rule is in the Federal Register. To submit comments, use any of the following methods:
- Federal eRulemaking portal: Go to www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting comments.
- Mail: Barbara Boyd, Field Operations Program Manager, FSA, USDA, Mail Stop 0542, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-0542.
- Hand delivery or courier: Deliver comments to the above address.
Under the leadership of USDA Secretary Vilsack, USDA is ushering in "a new era of civil rights" for the Department. In May 2011, USDA released its Civil Rights Assessment, which includes support for appointing voting SDA members. For more information about FSA County Committee elections, visit the FSA website at www.fsa.usda.gov.
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Welcome to the homepage of the Classics Department at Union College. Here at Union, we believe that by examining the literature, history and philosophy of the ancient Greeks and Romans, we can better appreciate our own, present-day societies. Not only did the ancients lay the foundations for Western civilization, but they also grappled with many of the issues that continue to confront us today: the conflicts between a free society and an orderly one, between unity and diversity, between tradition and innovation.
The study of Classics embraces the totality of the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome: language, history, politics, economics, law, mythology, literature, religion, philosophy, science, art and architecture, daily life. Classics is thus the original interdisciplinary studies program, and our faculty bring to bear on the study of the ancient world all of these contemporary scholarly approaches. In the Department of Classics at Union, students can undertake coursework in the ancient languages leading to study of ancient texts in the original Greek or Latin; we also offer a full range of General Education courses in the history, literature, and civilization of the Greeks and Romans. Many of our courses go beyond the traditional "classical" realm to examine aspects of other ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern civilizations: Sumerian and Babylonian, Egyptian, Hebrew, Hittite, Persian.
But study of the ancient Greeks and Romans is also great fun! We enjoy their works of art, we marvel at their buildings, we laugh at their jokes and are moved by their drama. On this website we hope to provide a glimpse of the many aspects of the civilizations of the ancient Mediterranean that we study here at Union. We've included information on the requirements for the classics major and the classics minor for students in our department. Students are encouraged to study abroad by spending Fall Term in Athens, and there is an active classics club that organizes trips to see plays on classical themes and promotes lectures on campus about the ancient world. You can also learn more about the faculty and our interests.
Thanks for visiting our website, and please send us a message to let us know what you think of the site, or if you'd like more information about Classics at Union College.
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The Enduring Appeal of Emerald Rings
When Pantone, the color authority in the design world, broke the news that emerald is the 2013 color of the year, the effects of the announcement could almost immediately be seen on the runway. Recently, we’ve seen this color trend appear increasingly often at big events like President Obama’s Inauguration and the Academy Awards.
But the deep, rich greens of emeralds have been entrancing men and women since the time of Ancient Egypt. Emerald rings in particular are bold, vibrant, and distinctive, just like the women who wear them. Cleopatra wore her most prized emerald rings when greeting Roman dignitaries, and modern-day celebrities wear show-stopping emerald rings when they want to wow on the red carpet.
The reason? Emerald rings have a classic elegance that never goes out of style.
What to Know about Emeralds
The emerald is the most prized of the green gemstones. It originates from the beryl family of minerals and ranges in color from light to deep green. The emerald is universally believed to symbolize hope, rebirth, faithfulness and continuity. Certain cultures believe that the gemstone rewards its wearers with love, intelligence, and wealth.
The world’s finest emeralds are found in Colombia, where vividly green emeralds result from unusual chemistry in remote areas of the Andes Mountains. Coveted Colombian emeralds are blue-green and have strong saturation with no smoky overtones. Our ethical origin Colombian emeralds are sourced under strict environmental protection and fair trade labor practices.
Famous Emerald Admirers, from Ancient Egypt to Hollywood
Many famously strong and celebrated women have fallen in love with emeralds over the years – women like Cleopatra, Jackie Kennedy, and Elizabeth Taylor – to name a few.
Cleopatra: The Original Green Goddess
The Ancient Egyptians revered emeralds long before Cleopatra’s time. Proof was found in Egyptian mines, which contained the fossils of royalty along with the emeralds they’d been buried with. A lifelong lover of the prized gemstone, Cleopatra claimed the mines and the emeralds they contained as her own.
Jackie Kennedy: America’s Iconic First Lady & Her Emerald Ring
Sixty years later, and the engagement ring JFK presented to Jackie Bouvier is still drawing crowds of admirers for its rare and intense beauty. Jackie’s dazzling emerald and diamond engagement ring remains the essence of her signature sophisticated style.
Emerald Rings in Hollywood
Among Hollywood celebrities, the more daring, fashion-forward celebrities have adorned themselves with ravishing emeralds in recent years.
Angelina Jolie has ignited an emerald ring trend several times with baubles worn on the red carpet. The green jewels stand out vividly against her signature all-black or all-white ensembles.
Most recently, it was Kelly Osbourne who dazzled the red carpet with her emerald ring and earrings at the 2013 Oscars.
Newly engaged movie star Halle Berry was presented with an engagement ring that broke away from the traditional diamond center stone. Her ring highlights a stunning square cut emerald as the center stone.
Always the edgy fashionista, Mary-Kate Olsen wears a glamorous and sizable antique emerald and gold ring with both dressy and casual attire.
Beyoncé Knowles also selected emerald earrings and a matching ring to stand out against a black dress for her performance at President Obama’s 2013 inauguration.
Antique Emerald Rings
And, because emeralds have been adored throughout history, there is an unusually wide range of antique emerald rings from all of the romantic eras of the past. Love these vintage looks? Bookmark our New Antique Jewelry Arrivals page to get a first look at our one-of-a-kind antique rings as they arrive.
Custom Designed Emerald Rings
If you have your heart set on an emerald ring but can’t seem to find the one you want, consider designing your own! Whether you lean towards the more traditional three-stone engagement ring with a playful flash of green, a vintage-inspired band with emeralds integrated into the design, or an unconventional, colorful twist on the popular halo design, let our master jewelry designers bring your unique vision to life.
Final Considerations for Emerald Rings
At Brilliant Earth, we offer only the finest ethically sourced Colombian emeralds. Whether it’s a one-of-a-kind antique or a custom designed style, an emerald ring makes a beautiful style statement.
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This article was originally distributed via PRWeb. PRWeb, WorldNow and this Site make no warranties or representations in connection therewith.
SOURCE: ChildCare Education Institute
During American Heart Month, CCEI's child care training trial course is "Motor Development & Physical Fitness in Early Childhood."
Duluth, GA (PRWEB) February 01, 2013
ChildCare Education Institute (CCEI), an online child care training institution, offers the trial course CCEI121: Motor Development and Physical Fitness in Early Childhood at no cost in February to provide new users the opportunity to try quality, online child care training in recognition of American Heart Month.
As our nation continues to struggle with high obesity rates and heart disease remains a leading cause of death annually, we cannot stress enough the importance of instilling healthy fitness habits in early child care programs. While some contributors to heart disease, such as genetics, cannot be avoided, a variety of risk factors can be combated with proper nutrition and fitness choices. Motor development also needs to be taught at any early age to aid children as they learn to walk, dress, grasp, and feed themselves. This course provides an understanding of the importance of motor development and physical fitness in the early childhood years and the ways in which they can become part of the curriculum. Participants will be able to define physical fitness as it applies to young children, identify five health related fitness factors, physical activity recommendations for young children and fundamental motor skills. Upon successful completion of the course, students will earn 0.1 IACET CEU and receive access to their Certificate of Completion for documentation.
"Including the course mentioned here, child care practitioners have a variety of resources to assist with overturning our nation's alarming rates of heart disease," says Maria C. Taylor, President and CEO of CCEI. "With the promotion of motor development and physical fitness, we have the opportunity to improve the long-term health of children."
CCEI121 is available to new users as a trial course awarded upon CCEI account creation during February. Account holders without an active, annual professional development individual or center-based training subscription may purchase courses through online enrollment now.
ChildCare Education Institute provides affordable, online professional development courses and programs for educators in a range of child care settings, including family child care, preschool centers, prekindergarten, nanny care, and more. Over 100 English and Spanish child care courses are available to meet licensing, recognition program, and Head Start requirements for training online. Additionally, CCEI offers online certificate programs, such as the Online Child Development Associate (CDA), Online Director Credentials, Early Childhood Credential, and more. CCEI is accredited by the Accrediting Commission of the Distance Education and Training Council (DETC), approved by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training to award IACET Continuing Education Units (CEUs), and authorized under the Nonpublic Postsecondary Educational Institutions Act of 1990, license number 837.
For more information, visit http://www.cceionline.edu or call 1.800.499.9907.
For the original version on PRWeb visit: http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2013/2/prweb10383869.htm
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I have had AN Wilson’s biography of Hilaire Belloc on my shelves for a long time now, and I have just got round to reading it. Belloc is one of those writers who exists on the periphery of my imagination. I have a very strong picture of him in my mind, and feel that I know quite a bit about him, but, apart from some of his verse, which I have come across in anthologies, I have never read anything substantial by Belloc.
This, in a way, sums up Belloc’s great success: he is a character everyone knows about, even without reading what he wrote; just as a lot of people know who Jeeves is without every having read a single book by PG Wodehouse. I have visited his grave, which is in the cemetery attached to the shrine church at West Grinstead in Sussex, and have been powerfully aware of this mighty beast in the Catholic jungle; my godfather was very much given to quoting the Cautionary Tales, which must be amongst the best comic verse in the language; I once lived with a priest who loved to preach on the subject of “Europe is the faith, and the faith is Europe”; and yet Belloc himself is nowadays neglected.
Mr Wilson’s excellent biography tells us why in terms that are rapidly understandable. Belloc was cursed with the necessity of making money all his life, and consequently wrote far too many books, most of which were hurried productions, indeed not written at all, but dictated. In this he sounds like that other most prolific author, Dame Barbara Cartland. Belloc could turn out a book in a week. He was a constant traveller too, and how he got any time to do any reading remains unclear. His history books are very thin on fact and solid research, and long on argument, and the arguments, one gets the impression, are repeated again and again.
Having read the biography I then searched my shelves for some Belloc books and found The Path to Rome – a book much recommended by the priest mentioned above. I hate to say this, but I find it utterly unreadable. It is florid, orotund, long-winded and just plain dull. Of course, that is a personal judgement. There may be some around still who love it. But it struck me as dated; and great literature never goes out of date.
I wonder if Belloc has any value nowadays apart from as a minor poet. Is he best forgotten? As Wilson makes clear, he was an obsessive character, and at least one of his obsessions is very embarrassing nowadays. Belloc’s reputation is overshadowed, as it was in his own lifetime, by his attitude to the Jews. He probably wasn’t an anti-Semite in the usual sense of the word, but much of what Wilson quotes leaves you feeling that Belloc really should have exercised more restraint and more Christian charity.
Belloc’s Wikipedia entry is remarkably favourable, especially on the charge of anti-Semitism, and it also introduces another matter that Wilson, who was writing in 1984, does not mention, namely Belloc’s writings about Islam. These sound interesting, and, unlike his ideas about Distributism, rather more in tune with our times. But, and it is a huge but, how much did Belloc really know about Islam or the Islamic world? He was certainly not short on opinions, but opinions that are not underpinned by real knowledge of a subject strike me as hollow.
One last thing: Wilson’s biography is sympathetic to Belloc, and it is hard not to like Belloc as a man. The Cautionary Tales, which can be read here, are the work of a merry kindly soul, even if Belloc himself was, as Wilson tells us, frequently melancholy.
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When you access the San Diego Sheriff's Who is in Jail website, you are asked to
type in a series of letters that you see in an image. The image contains letters
only and no numbers. If you can read the letters in the image, the web server
assumes you are human because computers presumably cannot read image text. This
feature is known as "CAPTCHA". It is an acronym that stands for "Completely
Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart". We use CAPTCHA
to prevent outside automated systems from blocking your use of the website and
commercially exploiting our data.
We appreciate your understanding.
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Solitary confinement in U.S. prisons and jails is one of the nation's most pressing domestic human rights issues—and also one of the most invisible. Solitary Watch is a web-based project aimed at bringing the widespread use of solitary confinement out of the shadows and into the light of the public square. Our mission is to provide the public—as well as practicing attorneys, legal scholars, law enforcement and corrections officers, policymakers, educators, advocates, people in prison and their families—with the first centralized source of unfolding news, original reporting, firsthand accounts, and background research on solitary confinement in the United States.
SUPPORT SOLITARY WATCH
Please click here to learn how you can support the project.
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