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Two new brown dwarf Solar neighbours discovered
False-colour images of the two brown dwarf discoveries WISE J0254+0223 and WISE J1741+2553. (Credit: AIP, NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive)
Scientists from the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP) have discovered two new brown dwarfs at estimated distances of only 15 and 18 light years from the Sun. For comparison: The next star to the Sun, Proxima, is located slightly more than 4 light years from the Sun, whereas the nearest known brown dwarfs, epsilon Indi Ba and Bb, also found at the AIP several years ago, are about 12 light years away.
Ralf-Dieter Scholz and his AIP colleagues used the recently published data of the NASA satellite WISE (Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer) for their discovery. The two new Solar neighbours, named WISE J0254+0223 and WISE J1741+2553, attracted attention by the extreme contrast between their strong brightness in the infrared and their almost invisible appearance in optical light. In addition, both objects move at comparably large speed across the sky (proper motion), i.e. their positions are remarkably different with respect to earlier observations. This was a first hint of their vicinity that was confirmed by the comparison of their colours and magnitudes with those of other similar objects. The brighter of the two objects was visible on the night sky at the time of its discovery so that the AIP team could use the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) in Arizona/USA for determining the spectral type and distance more accurately. Both objects belong to the coolest representatives of T-type brown dwarfs, just at the boundary to the predicted but not yet well-defined class of Y-type ultracool brown dwarfs.
Brown dwarfs are also called failed stars, since during their formation, they could not accumulate enough mass to ignite the natural nuclear fusion reactor in their core, that is the long-living energy source of stars. Therefore, their brightness decreases strongly with time. Presumably, most brown dwarfs have reached surface temperatures below the “oven temperature” of about 500 Kelvin (about 230 degrees Celsius), may be even as cool as the temperature at the surface of the Earth. The search for these elusive neighbours of the Sun is currently in full swing. It cannot be excluded that ultracool brown dwarfs surround us in similar high numbers as stars and that our nearest known neighbour will soon be a brown dwarf rather than Proxima Centauri.
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP): www.aip.de
Figure 01: The (un)known Solar neighbours. The stars are shown with symbols of different sizes and colours, roughly corresponding to their real sizes and spectral types. Most stars in the Solar neighbourhood are red dwarf stars of spectral type M (in the middle of the figure) with surface temperatures of slightly more than 2000 Kelvin. Proxima, our nearest known neighbour, also belongs to this class. The number of brown dwarf discoveries (almost all with spectral types L and T, and surface temperatures below 2000 K) is already higher than the number of white dwarfs (shown as small white dots at the top). The two nearest brown dwarfs, epsilon Indi Ba and Bb, the discovery of which was reported by the AIP in 2003 and 2004, and the newly found objects are marked. (Credit: AIP)
Figure 02: False-colour images of the two brown dwarf discoveries WISE J0254+0223 and WISE J1741+2553 (composite of three images taken by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) with different filters in the infrared). In the WISE colours, the extremely cool brown dwarfs appear as yellow-green objects. The positions of the objects as observed by a previous near-infrared sky survey about ten years before the WISE observations are also marked. Every image covers a sky field about 200 times smaller than the full moon. After 700 and 1200 years, respectively, the proper motions of the two objects lead to a shift in their position as large as the full moon diameter. (Credit: AIP, NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive)
Figure 03: The Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) with its two 8.4 meter mirrors located at the Mt Graham International Observatory in Arizona, USA. (Credit: AIP, LBT Observatory)
Dr. Ralf-Dieter Scholz, Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), email: email@example.com, Tel.: +49 331 7499 336
Madleen Köppen, Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), email: firstname.lastname@example.org Tel.: +49 331 7499 469
The key topics of the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics are cosmic magnetic fields and extragalactic astrophysics. A considerable part of the institute's efforts aim at the development of research technology in the fields of spectroscopy, robotic telescopes, and e-science. The AIP is the successor of the Berlin Observatory founded in 1700 and of the Astrophysical Observatory of Potsdam founded in 1874. The latter was the world's first observatory to emphasize explicitly the research area of astrophysics.The AIP is a foundation according to civil law and is a member of the Leibniz Association. The Leibniz Association is a network of 87 independent research institutes and scientific service facilities, which strive for scientific solutions for major social challenges.
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A Call for Action from the Child Protection Project in Colorado and the International Human Rights Clinic at the New York University School of Law asking us to urge the U.S authorities to take action against polygamous marriages. Polygamous marriages are practiced on a large scale especially in the State of Utah, but in neighbouring U.S. states as well.
After three days of the U.S. bombing campaign in Afghanistan, the United States has informed the Security Council
that attacks against other organisations and other countries may be necessary, a
move that would be a drastic stretch of the international law concept of self-defence and would serve to further intensify and escalate the ongoing violence.
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CNET: Disk encryption may not be secure enough, new research finds. It’s one thing to read about theoretical ways to get access to secure data, it’s another to watch it on a slide show.
For those that don’t want to read the article, the upshot is: a laptop thief who knows enough can pick the secret key used to encrypt a hard drive—using Apple’s FileVault, Microsoft’s BitLocker, or any other solution that uses known key-based encryption mechanisms. The particularly brilliant bit, the part that adds insult to injury, is when the research team (which includes usual suspects Ed Felten and Alex Halderman) demonstrates recovering the key after a reboot of the laptop. Yes, that’s right: even after rebooting the laptop, enough of the prior state of the machine remains in memory so that the key can be recovered. And by chilling the RAM using liquid nitrogen—or canned air—the time needed to recover the key can be extended indefinitely.
So yes, the feds have additional techniques that can be used to recover data from your laptop, if they come across it. So do identity thieves.
So the trick now would seem to be to identify a way to encrypt data that is less subject to key recovery. The only problem is, every method that depends on the hardware decrypting the storage is likely to leave the key in memory. I like the article’s suggestion of PGP-encrypted USB sticks, if only I didn’t lose thumb drives so easily. There are also some interesting suggestions regarding limiting remote booting and unmounting encrypted volumes; the problem is that they don’t get around the core issue. If the key is in memory, you can sniff it. So what to do?
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Controlling your car over WiFi is good, but mounting a webcam on it so you can actually see where you’re going is even better. [Michael] goes over how he made his wifi car with some great videos in the post about it.
The car used is a seemingly standard RC unit, which came with a speed controller that was recycled for network use. [Michael] removed the standard radio, but having this controller available kept him from having to engineer an H-bridge circuit. The radio was then replaced with a WiFi module from Sparkfun.
There were a few problems with the IP camera to begin with, as the lag was originally unbearable. After some tricks that would qualify as a good hack in itself, the camera was eventually able to perform on an acceptable level and output data to the FLTK app he used to control everything. Check out one of his videos below of this car in action.
If that wasn’t enough RC fun for you, check out how to control your tiny RC car with a computer.
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SPOILER ALERT! (It does not end!)
OK, so the Terminator series has never been too philosophically driven - at best, it could be said that the movies are character-driven pieces about hope and the human spirit. But they do play with philosophy sometimes, whether in an attempt to justify whatever major thing is going on, or to try saying something substantial in a summer shoot-'em-up. That said, there's plenty of philosophical material to be drawn from the series, which in itself isn't quite so special (you can find philosophy anywhere you look, after all), but the Terminator movies do give some interesting opportunities.
For example, Sarah Connor faces a formidable epistemological dilemma, not unlike a Cassandra complex, in that she is dead-sure of some very important facts about the future but cannot convince anyone that she is correct. How ought she to behave in order to best influence future events? How can she continue to perform checks upon her own sanity and provide herself with some assurance that she hasn't gone off the deep end? Given that the events of the movies happened as they did (what with the time travel and all that), what does that say about how "fate" works in that world? Since the war started because SkyNet considered human beings a threat, what could be done to reconcile humanity and AI so that they might live in peace? Since humanity is winning the war by the time Kyle Reese is an adult, how much of the future must SkyNet be aware of for its first strike to become an irrational action?
In Terminator Salvation, John Connor asks people to disobey direct orders from Resistance Command on the grounds that Command is asking them to carry out calculated but inhumane orders - to behave like machines - and if they're going to do that, then what's the point of surviving? This is what we in the industry call a "theory-laden question," or a "loaded question" in the common parlance. There's quite a bit of meaning packed into the question, and the most important parts are not explicitly outlined in the question itself. This can cause confusion and disagreement, as every respondent will color in the ambiguous but necessary values that give meaning to the question, but each respondent may have different values. Until these are explicitly drawn out, apparent disagreement can cause people to spend a lot of time talking past each other.
Human beings are machines, just very messy ones. As my friend Zach once put it, "I am a machine for turning meat into ideas!" (EDIT: As Zach points out in the comments below, the quote is actually from Dinosaur Comics, which comes highly recommended by everyone who reads it.) Our brains are crude, ad-hoc learning computers which store, access, and run various programs throughout our lives: etiquette programs, problem-solving programs, math programs, architecture programs, science programs, religion programs. Most of the time, we aren't consciously aware that these programs are running, we just get on with our lives and tell ourselves stories about the mystical "I" at the helm of consciousness.
The distinction between man and machine cannot be merely a functional one, for it does not hold up to scrutiny. We simply fit into the category all too well at some fundamental levels. No, the distinction that John Connor wishes to make must be a moral one - so what are the values that would inform such a moral system? We can't tell much, but in the context of the scene, we can tell that what Connor disvalues is the rigid, non-negotiable adherence to procedure. Within this system, a military chain of command, there is no flexibility to allow perceived errors in judgment to be addressed before mistakes are made. This is the problem that John Connor is running into, but it is a flaw that comes as a cost of what is typically a strength: a rigid chain of command, with experienced individuals giving direction from the top down, ought to result in rational decisions being carried out in the field by those who lack such experience but are able to take advantage of it by virtue of that very chain of command. Though individual soldiers may not benefit directly from this system all the time, the soldiers as a group are better off with this system than without it. The system provides organization and a clear structure of power, without which a military outfit would have a hard time functioning.
But what happens when the system breaks down? Due to the very nature of the power structure, mistakes at the top cannot be addressed in real-time. Only after they have been proven to be mistakes by direct experience can they be addressed, and by then it is too late to avoid the consequences of that mistake. All that can be done is to try to design a better system (or at least learn a valuable lesson) so that similar mistakes will not be made in similar situations. Unfortunately, Connor does not have the time for this - this particular mistake will ruin everything! It's one of those "end of the world" scenarios that simply doesn't happen in real life, but is excellent fuel for thought experiments. We can see, by Connor's course of actions, what it is that he values more than the system that has failed him.
For lack of a better term, I will call it "messiness." Human beings, in a lot of important ways, are messier than the machines which seek to exterminate them. This messiness can be a liability, like the way that our bodies must grow from infancy to adulthood instead of being assembled in a factory, which puts constraints on our basic body plan as well as opening the door to all sorts of developmental mishaps and genetic defects. But, if harnessed correctly, it can also be a virtue: brains are not rationality machines or truth detectors, and so humans who possess them are by necessity fallible. If we recognize this fallibility, then we are able to doubt ourselves, and we can give the benefit of this doubt to others. While such good will may be taken advantage of (and it often is), it can also lead us to behave more humanely towards one another, to trust one another, and to get along with one another even when we aren't getting our way.
John Connor is appealing to the humanity of those who receive his transmission insofar as he is asking them to embrace their messiness: to doubt themselves and the system that has kept them alive thus far, to doubt enough to trust him and do something which they are told does not make sense by people who really ought to know so.
Or maybe I'm reading too much into it, and Connor was just taking the lead from the bottom up. After all, a leader doesn't always have to tell his followers what's true, he tells them what they need to hear. Maybe they just needed to hear some emotionally-charged mumbo-jumbo to do what he wanted them to do, in which case Connor was just using a dirty trick to "hack" their decision-making processes. And if that's the case, then he's full of shit and the humans already are no different from the machines, so whatever.
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U.S. Containerboard Production Down in August
Sept. 22, 2009 - Total U.S. containerboard paper production fell 9.0% in August compared to August 2008, according to the American Forest & Paper Association's August 2009 U.S. Containerboard Statistics Report. Total production was flat, dropping just 16,000 tons or 0.6% when compared to July 2009.
For the year to date, containerboard production was down 12.3% compared to 2008.
Linerboard production fell 8.0% in August '09 compared to August 2008. However, August linerboard production dropped just 0.7% compared to July 2009. For year-to-date, production decreased 11.9 % over last year.
Medium production was flat when compared to last month. August medium production was down just 2,000 tons from July 2009, and decreased by 11.4% over same month last year. Medium production fell 13.2% for the year to date.
SOURCE: American Forest & Paper Association
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The Hobart and William Smith Colleges' Honors Program makes possible the most sustained and sophisticated work available in the Colleges' curriculum.
Although "doing Honors" assists students in pursuing their professional ambitions after graduation, such preparation is not the only objective of the program. Its basic value is to afford students the opportunity to pursue skills and interests at an advanced level and grow in self-knowledge as the planned project develops.
Qualified students take two or three self-designed courses that concentrate on the same project and are sponsored by the same faculty adviser. While Honors is generally taken only in the context of a student's academic major, students wishing to do Honors outside their major may petition the Honors Committee.
Most or all of the work associated with an Honors project is done in the senior year, though it may be begun earlier, and culminates in a research or critical paper or its counterpart in the creative arts.
In addition to the Honors project, an Honors candidate takes a written examination in the Honors field and an oral examination that covers both the Honors project and the written examination. Each candidate has an Honors committee consisting of a field and faculty examiner from the Colleges' faculty and an outside examiner.
Students may receive Honors in their Honors work. Students who do not receive Honors or who withdraw from the program may receive course credit as recommended by their advisers.
Successful Honors students are listed in the Commencement program, together with their advisers, the titles of their projects, and the degree of Honors earned. Their achievement is also recorded on their transcripts.
Honors papers and their counterparts are catalogued and kept for reference in the Warren Hunting Smith Library. Each year the Hobart and William Smith Colleges' Catalogue lists the preceding year's student Honors projects, including advisers and outside examiners.
The rationale for the Honors Program is that sustained work on a project of a student's own choosing, with constantly available advice from a specialist, has educational benefits and personal gratifications that cannot be duplicated in regular, semester-length courses.
The reasons for the success of the program seem to be that its challenge is sound and realistic, its provisions are flexible but not shapeless, and its inclusion of outside examiners reinforces faculty and student standards of professionalism.
The many faculty members who participate in the program so do out of deep commitment to their subjects and their students. They do so over and beyond their regular teaching load and without extra remuneration. Without them, the program could not have maintained itself for nearly 60 years.
The outside examiners are chosen carefully for their expertise and sometimes come from considerable distances. They keep Honors work from being too campus-bound and add excitement to the oral examination, which many Honors students regard as the high point of their academic experience.
Informational Meeting for Juniors and Seniors
The Honors candidate completing honors in the Fall 2012 and his or her adviser agree on the date for a final reading of Fall Semester Honors Project.
Written Honors Exam for candidates completing Honors in Spring, 2013 must be taken this week. Alternate testing week can also be scheduled within the first three weeks of Spring Semester 2013 but must be completed by February 8, 2013.
Honors Candidates completing Honors in Fall 2012 must hand in their Honors projects, error free, and complete to the Honors Secretary in Gulick 201 by 12 noon. There will be no extension for this.
Nov. 26-Nov. 30
Oral examinations for Fall 2012 Semester candidates occur this week.
Informational Meeting for Sophomores and Juniors
The Honors candidate completing honors in the Spring 2013 and his or her adviser agree on the date for a final reading of Spring Semester Honors Project.
Written Honors Exam for candidates completing Honors in Fall, 2013 must be taken this week. Alternate testing week can also be scheduled within the first three weeks of Fall Semester 2013 but must be completed by September 14, 2013.
Honors Candidates completing Honors in Spring 2013 must hand in their Honors projects, error free, and complete to the Honors Secretary in Gulick 201 by 12 noon. There will be no extension for this.
Informational Meeting for First Year Students
April 29-May 3
Oral examinations for Spring 2013 Semester candidates occur this week.
Provost’s Porch Party
**Alternate testing week for written exam can also be scheduled within the first three weeks of the following semester.
(315) 781- 3480
8:30 a.m. - noon
Professor John Vaughn Chair/Natural Sciences Representative
Professor Michael Bogin
Art and Architectural Studies Representative
Professor Iva Deutchman
Social Sciences Representative
Professor Steven Lee
Professor Beth Kinne
William Smith Representative
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These formal yet visceral exercises explore subjective point of view and motion as psychological metaphors. Shot with a hand-held camera at Coney Island, these studies are experienced by the viewer through Palestine's eyes and with his movement. He writes, "The perceiver is in as much danger, as much in the drama of the sequence as I am." He takes the viewer on three amusement park rides, each experienced with an increasing frenzy, as the camera rises and falls and spins. Each study becomes more abstract, conveying a vertiginous sense of hurtling, uncontrolled, into space. In the fourth and last study, Palestine transforms the moving landscape into a pure, abstract study of motion.
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WASHINGTON (CNN) -- A rifle-wielding white supremacist entered Washington's Holocaust museum on Wednesday afternoon, fatally shooting a security guard before being wounded himself by return fire from other guards, authorities said.
Stephen Tyrone Johns was shot and killed while working at the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum on Wednesday.
Stephen Tyrone Johns, a six-year veteran of the museum's security staff, later "died heroically in the line of duty," said Sara Bloomfield, museum director.
Law enforcement sources identified the suspect as James W. von Brunn, an 88-year-old white supremacist from Maryland.
He is a known Holocaust denier who created an anti-Semitic Web site called "The Holy Western Empire." He has repeatedly claimed "The Diary of Anne Frank," a widely read book about a teenage girl's experiences under Nazi rule, was a hoax.
The museum shooting occurred on a day the museum was to stage a play based on Anne Frank and two days before what would have her 80th birthday.
Investigators found a notebook in the suspect's car listing other locations in Washington, a federal official told CNN. It was unclear what purpose the list served.
Von Brunn allegedly entered the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum at 12:50 p.m. Wednesday and immediately shot Johns with a rifle, said Chief Cathy Lanier of the District of Columbia's Metropolitan Police Department. Two other security guards returned fire, according to Lanier and the museum statement.
Both Johns and Von Brunn were taken to George Washington University Hospital, said D.C. Mayor Adrian Fenty. Johns died at the hospital. Von Brunn was in critical condition, Fenty said.
Johns, 40, was a resident of Temple Hills, Maryland, according to a statement issued by Wackenhut Services Inc., which has provided security services at the museum since 2002.
"Obviously there are no words to express our grief and shock over the horrific event that took place at this museum today," Bloomfield, the museum director, said. Witnesses: 'Panic' inside museum »
She said the museum was closed for the remainder of the day and would remain closed Thursday in honor of Johns.
Brunn served six years in prison for trying in 1981 to kidnap Federal Reserve board members because of high interest rates. He blamed his prison term on a "Negro jury, Jew/Negro attorneys" and "a Jew judge," he said on his Web site, "Holy Western Empire."
The Southern Poverty Law Center, which focuses on human rights, said Brunn has "an extremely long history with neo-Nazis and white supremacists."
A place that stimulates visitors to confront hatred and promotes peace and human dignity, the Holocaust museum on Wednesday became the scene of everything that was opposite. See more photos from the scene »
Witnesses described blood on the floor and chaos within the museum's halls.
Visitor Maria Hernandez told CNN she heard five shots and saw the wounded security guard. Watch Maria describe what she saw »
"It was definitely a security guard; he was down bleeding on the floor," said Hernandez, 19. "He was face down. His back ... blood was coming out."
Sirens blared as emergency vehicles converged on the area, which is near the Washington Monument and other popular tourist attractions. The museum was full at the time, with a "couple of thousand" people inside, said William Parsons, chief of staff at the museum. See where the museum is located »
"Never take your guard force and security people for granted," he said. "They did exactly what they were supposed to do to protect people in the museum." Law enforcement analyst talks about how this could have happened »
Dave Pearson, a sixth-grade teacher in the Washington area, said he was on the museum's fourth floor when he heard a loud noise.
"At the time, we're visiting and all of a sudden there's like a boom, and all of a sudden they told us to stop where we're at," he told CNN. "Only thing we heard was a boom, and that was it." Watch another museum visitor tell what he saw »
An FBI official said there was no prior warning or threat against the museum. In a later statement, the FBI said members of its National Capital Response Squad and Joint Terrorism Task Force are taking part in the investigation.
Lanier said the area around the museum was checked by bomb-sniffing dogs as a matter of routine.
The shooting sent shock waves throughout the nation's capital and elsewhere.
"I am shocked and saddened by today's shooting at the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum," said President Obama, who just days earlier had spoken emotionally about the Holocaust when he visited Buchenwald, a former Nazi concentration camp with Holocaust survivor and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Elie Wiesel.
"This outrageous act reminds us that we must remain vigilant against anti-Semitism and prejudice in all its forms," Obama said Wednesday. "No American institution is more important to this effort than the Holocaust Museum, and no act of violence will diminish our determination to honor those who were lost by building a more peaceful and tolerant world."
Israel issued a statement through its embassy, expressing sadness and condemning the attack.
Fenty called the shooting "an extremely isolated incident" in the nation's capital, which is a major tourist destination.
"In these days and times, you never know when someone is going to grab a gun and use it in an inappropriate way," he said.
The museum canceled a performance scheduled for Wednesday night of a play about racism and anti-Semitism, based on a fictional meeting between Anne Frank and Emmett Till, the teenage victim of a racist killing in the United States.
U.S. Attorney Gen. Eric Holder and Rep. Steve Cohen, D-Tennessee, were among those planning to attend the play, which was written by Janet Langhart Cohen, the wife of former Defense Secretary and U.S. Sen. William Cohen.
Langhart Cohen told CNN that Anne Frank's young life was ended by people filled with hate. She said it was hard to see that same hate manifest itself at this place of remembrance.
CNN's Lindy Royce contributed to this report
All About United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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John McIntyre, whom James Wolcott calls "the Dave Brubeck of the art and craft of copy editing," writes on language, editing, journalism, and other manifestations of human frailty. Comments welcome. Identifying his errors relieves him of the burden of omniscience. Write to firstname.lastname@example.org, befriend at Facebook, or follow at Twitter: @johnemcintyre. Back 2009-2012 at the original site, http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/news/mcintyre/blog/ and now at www.baltimoresun.com/news/language-blog/.
Tuesday, August 25, 2009
Musée des Peevologies
In 1710, for example, Jonathan Swift complained in The Spectator about “the deplorable ignorance that for some years hath reigned among our English writers, the great depravity of our taste, and the continual corruption of our style.” Two years later he published “A Proposal for Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English Tongue,” in which he advocated formation of an English Academy of notables, based on the French model, to superintend the language. The proposal had no legs then, and it has none now.
The estimable Jan Freeman of The Boston Globe is bringing out an edition — soon to be examined here — of Ambrose Bierce’s style guide, Write It Right, annotating Bierce’s quirky advice, often based on minute distinctions that no modern eye can discern.
In 1962 — 1962, one of the last of the Good Years, in which the echoes of the Fifties sounded in all ears — Dwight Macdonald published Against the American Grain: Essays on the Effects of Mass Culture. My crumbling paperback copy includes “Updating the Bible,” a jeremiad about the Revised Standard Version of the English Bible of 1952; “The String Untuned,” an examination of the descriptivist wickedness of the third edition of Webster’s New International Dictionary (Unabridged); and “The Decline and Fall of English,” a fusillade at the wanton perversity of linguists and pedagogues.
Not on the shelves but in the garage with the other books from my former office at The Sun, is The State of the Language, an anthology edited thirty or so years ago by Christopher Ricks. You may recall some of the menaces of the Seventies — hopefully used as a sentence adverb, and the Episcopal Church’s carelessness in revising the Book of Common Prayer into texts comprehensible to worshipers.
All of these works grow increasingly quaint with the passage of time. More to the point, all illustrate components of the peevologist personality, a subject to which I plan to return in a future post. For now, as it occurs to you what exhibits you would like to see displayed in the musée, by all means suggest them.
*peevology (n.) An analysis of faults, often imaginary, in language usage, arbitrarily pronounced by self-anointed experts, the analysis typically revealing rank prejudice and cultural bias.
**When I see the plaint “I want my America back” at rallies against health care reform, I tend to think that it is the Fifties the loss of which is so keenly felt — that blessed age when blacks were at the back of the bus, gays in the closet, women in the kitchen, and white men in the White House. But I digress.
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Other natural compounds that may be helpful include glucosamine 1500 to 2000 mg a day (this compound was found to be helpful in a small study of 10 patients over 4 to 6 weeks). Coenzyme Q10, 150-200 mg daily, decreased the average number of migraine attacks per month from 4.8 to 2.8 in an open study.
All this suggests that many, if not most, migraines can be prevented naturally. I would begin by taking the Energy Revitalization System vitamin powder plus 300 mg of Vitamin B 2 in the morning, plus 200 mg of magnesium at night. If the cost is not prohibitive, I would add butterbur as well. Also check for food allergies, as noted below, and follow the advice in my Pain Free 1-2-3! Book for hormones if the migraines are predominately around your periods or associated with taking estrogen. I have seen this approach commonly eliminate frequent and horribly severe migraine problems, but remember that it may take 3 months to see the effect.
What Else Can I Do to Eliminate the Underlying Cause of the Migraines?
Acupuncture is another option to consider for chronic migraine and tension headaches. It results in reduced pain, reduced frequency of headaches, and improved function, energy, and health. In two studies conducted in New York City and London, acupuncture was found to be cost-effective. In a randomized controlled study of 401 patients with chronic headaches (the majority having migraines), patients received up to 12 acupuncture treatments over a 3-month period vs. a control group that received standard care. The acupuncture patients had 22 fewer headache days per year, 15 percent fewer sick days, and 25 percent fewer visits to the doctor.
Food allergies are also very important to consider. Approximately 30 to 50 percent of migraine patients get marked improvement by avoiding certain foods, and most people with migraines are not aware of what foods are triggering their headaches. This has now been demonstrated in at least four placebo-controlled studies. Food sensitivities are an even bigger problem in children with migraines. To determine if foods are playing a role in causing your headache, it is helpful to do an elimination diet. This requires eating a very limited diet for five days. Eat only pears and lamb, and drink only bottled spring or distilled water. This kind of strict elimination diet will make it easier to tell if food allergies/sensitivities are present and triggering your migraines when you reintroduce foods into your diet. In one study, by avoiding the ten most common food triggers, subjects exhibited a dramatic reduction in the number of headaches per month, with 85 percent becoming headache free. Twenty-five percent of the patients with high blood pressure also had their blood pressure reduce to normal. The most common reactive foods were wheat in 78 percent of patients, oranges in 65 percent, eggs in 45 percent, tea and coffee in 40 percent each, chocolate and milk in 37 percent each, beef in 35 percent, and corn, cane sugar, and yeast in 33 percent each. Some studies also suggest that the artificial sweetener aspartame (NutraSweet®) can trigger migraines and other headaches, although this is controversial. If you have severe and frequent migraines, it is definitely worth exploring food sensitivities. You may find that instead of avoiding foods that trigger your migraines for the rest of your life, you can eliminate the sensitivities/allergies using a powerfully effective acupressure technique called NAET (see www.NAET.com).
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A fellow Blogger, Frangipani Singaporenicum, submitted an excellent article, “Mom is Back,” about the hurdles experienced when her mother traveled by airplane back home after a visit with one of her daughters. Frangipani’s siblings weren’t fully aware of the breadth of their mother’s disease so they thought that the mother would be in good hands at the airport because they had arranged for an airport escort to get the mother to her airplane destination.
Unfortunately, what could go wrong did go wrong. “Frangipani’s” mother has mixed dementia, Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia, and found herself in unfamiliar surroundings when she became separated from the airport employee – a stranger in the mother’s eyes – who was supposed to assist her. Getting lost in an unfamiliar environment is something that comes quite naturally to those with any type of dementia. And as often happens when a person is lost, we try to get un-lost. That attempt brought her mother to another airline terminal where a kind gentleman, noticing her distress, found the assistance she needed to get on the correct plane at the right time.
Those of us who have children – and please bear with me while I make this comparison – know how easily a child can wander away from our purview. We make a quarter turn at the grocery store to get a box of cereal off the top shelf and “POOF!” our child is nowhere to be found. I’m very familiar with this feeling because it happened to me many years ago when my adventurous daughter wandered away – causing me near cardiac arrest – and was subsequently prevented from exiting the grocery store by a Good Samaritan grandmother who knew better than to let my daughter run out into the parking lot. “But I only turned away for a second!” That’s all it takes.
So too can a person with dementia wander away because of something that attracted him; or more likely, with your back to him, he didn’t recognize you any more and walked away to try to find you. “But how can I keep my eye on him at all times?” You just have to.
SOME TIPS OF THE TRADE.
Public restroom challenges. If you or your loved one needs to use the bathroom, find one of the family bathrooms that now exist in many public places so that your environment is controlled, and everyone’s needs are met. Don’t think for a second that you can say to your husband, “George, you stay here while I run into the ladies’ room. I’ll just be a minute.” Be prepared to call security when you come out of the ladies’ restroom because in George’s mind, you disappeared, and the time frame of a minute means absolutely nothing to him. And forget about sending your husband into the mens’ room by himself to meet his potty needs. You’ll be waiting, and waiting, and waiting, and he just a) may not do his business; and b) may not come out on his own. If no family bathrooms are available, stand at the entrance to the public restroom and announce yourself: “Woman entering with husband who needs assistance!” You’ll find that those within will cover up what needs covering and not call security on you.
Medic-Alert jewelry. The Alzheimer’s Association strongly recommends purchasing a Medic-Alert/Safe Return device which provides 24/7 emergency response service. At least if your loved one gets lost, they will be reunited with you sooner. This service is available in 50 countries, and in 140 languages. The service speaks for itself so please check the link attached to research the many benefits of this membership service that, quite frankly, brings priceless peace of mind and provides a healthy dose of safety for your loved one.
Now they see you – now they don’t. The examples cited above would not be complete if I didn’t add a personal experience from my days of being my father’s primary long-distance caregiver. My dad lived in a Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) in Southern Oregon. When first diagnosed with Alzheimer’s he was very functional and remained in the assisted living apartment on campus that he had shared with his wife prior to her death in January 2007.
I stayed at a nearby hotel when I visited my father but spent most of the day with him on outings and/or spending time with him in his one-bedroom, one-bathroom apartment. At one point during an apartment visit, I announced to him that I was slipping into the bathroom, 10-feet away, and would be just a minute or two.
I was glad to have locked the bathroom door because partway during my “sit” dad was frantically jiggling the doorknob from the bedroom side of the door shouting, “Irene! Where are you?! Are you o.k.? What’s going on?!!” I was less understanding at the time and returned my own crazed shout of “Dad!!! Leave me be! I’m just going to the bathroom!!!” Knowing what I know now, I would have exited the bathroom and apologized for frightening him, and made every attempt to make him feel safe again. As Oprah Winfrey often says, “We do better when we know better.”
This unintended “peek-a-boo” event proved to me that my father did not have an understanding of the passing of time, but more importantly, that if he couldn’t see me, I wasn’t there. Back to the example of children, but this time, you’re the child.
You’re at play in your bedroom, having just left your mommy gleefully singing in the kitchen while she did the dishes. Your dolls are lined up on your bed, you’re engaging them in discussion, and all of a sudden you notice that mommy isn’t singing any more. You toddle out to the kitchen, and mommy isn’t where you left her!!! “Mommy! Where are you?! Mommy – I’m scared!!! Help me Mommy!!!!!” Your mother steps out of the adjoined laundry room and calms you down – “Irene, I was just five feet away; I didn’t go anywhere, I’m right here!” You run into your mommy’s arms and feel safe again.
Alzheimer’s and other dementia are very unpredictable diseases. What can be predicted, however, is that the onus will always rest on us to compensate for our loved one’s challenges. As I’ve mentioned in previous articles addressing dementia, we have the ability to adjust to the diseased person’s reality; not the other way around. It’s hard work for us, but it’s an impossible task for them.
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© St. Petersburg Times, published February 10, 2002
Cornhusker Motor Lines in Omaha, Neb., would like to forget the word Enron.
The trucking company signed a deal to put trucks and trailers in Houston to run 16 loads of goods each day for Enron's new freight brokerage business. It was one of Enron's many ambitious plans to expand well beyond its core energy business.
Enron barged into the highly competitive trucking industry with a novel approach. Instead of arranging long hauls load by load, Enron wanted to put a truck line under contract, paying the carrier a preset amount regardless of how many loads it carried.
Tom Trout, whose family-owned Cornhusker has been in business for more than 30 years, finally agreed to Enron's terms.
"It wasn't a huge moneymaker, but it was good volume," said Trout, who said it was the company's first attempt to run lines outside its hometown. "The attraction was Enron's guaranteed freight."
But in its eagerness to stake a claim of the freight business, Enron contracted with the trucks before it got the products to fill them. Trout, who got paid under the Enron contract regardless of how few trips were made, started collecting checks for empty trucks that never moved a mile.
Enron was so desperate for customers, it took the lunacy one step further: It billed the people with freight less than it paid the carrier.
"Ultimately, Enron may have been able to figure this out, but it would have taken a long time," Trout said. "As it was, this thing was a loser."
Three weeks after Cornhusker signed the contract, Enron filed for bankruptcy. Trout had no choice but to lay off the Houston drivers and try to turn back the rigs he had leased. He figures total loss from the Enron deal will be about $300,000.
"It was a huge hit at a time when trucking can't take it," said Trout, who had to trim salaries to stay afloat. "It was horrible."
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Q: Is epilepsy something you are born with or is it something that can be caught like the flu or inflicted upon another person?
Thank You for your time.
A: Although some epilepsies may be the result of inherited genes, epilepsy does not occur in all persons who have these genes. Most persons with epilepsy probably also have additional factors that causes their epilepsy. Epilepsy is not contagious. This is a myth that has been perpetrated over centuries and has caused unfair predjudice to persons with epilepsy. You simply cannot "catch" epilepsy from another person.
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We live in the information age. Everything is always just a few clicks or taps away, and most functions of your home computer can now be done from a pocket-sized device that has an always-on connection to the Internet. With this has come seemingly endless ways to stay connected and in touch with former friends and family members that may live across the nation ... or world even. Social networks have sprouted up left and right for the past several years, creating new and innovative ways to stay in touch.
But where do you draw the line? How connected is too connected?
Years ago, only a few of my friends and family members had text messaging. In fact, only a few of them had cell phones. If someone wanted to get in touch with me, they would call me from their house phone, or the few friends with cell phones would use them to call or text me. That, or they would simply come find me at home, work, etc.
Now just about everyone I know has a smartphone. The ways in which they can get in touch with me are limitless; they can text message or email me, or they can find me on Facebook, Twitter, Google+ or one of the many instant messaging services I use. Oh, there is also voice calling. Most of my friends know I carry multiple phones, so if I miss a call, I better start digging for the other phone.
I truly love the integration and how deeply nested all of this is in our lives. It's great that when I need to contact someone but I don't know their number, I can just message them on Facebook (because who isn't on Facebook?). Or, if they list their phone number on their profile, I can just give them a call. (I try not to do that unless absolutely necessary because most of them never remember that their number is openly available to all of their Facebook friends and act like you've wronged them by calling.)
But sometimes it just gets to be too much – there is no real escape. Even if you take the time to disconnect from it all once per week or during the holidays, it stacks up like your email inbox while you are away.
Friends and family members know just how connected I am. They know if and when I'm ignoring them. If I don't answer a call or text message, they know I'm probably working and can send me a message on Facebook. They know they can probably get in touch with me faster through Twitter than anything else. And if I just walk away from it all and never reply, I will never hear the end of it ... literally. Between all of the phones and tablets on my desk, the buzzing never ends. If I never answer, it only gets worse – they will find me elsewhere.
I've invested myself in social media, so much so that it is a vital part of my life. Sure, I could post to Twitter less or uninstall Facebook from my phone. But it's going to catch me one way or another. Social media is integrated deeply into everything we do, especially in my work life. And it's the best way for most people to get in touch with me.
I guess what I'm trying to say is that it no longer boils down to simply turning off my phone. Almost everything I do is Internet-related. If I turn off my phone, they can still reach me from my computer. Even a simple disconnect is not as simple as it once was.
The worst part is that I love it all: social media, smartphones, tablets and generally all technology. I'm a fiend, an early adopter and a nerd to the nth degree. And I'm not alone. A lot of you guys and gals are just the same. You're on the front lines of technology and always in the first round of beta testers for a new product or network – a fanboy (or fangirl) of all things new, if you will. Too connected or not, it's impossible to walk away. It's the new way of life.
Tell me, readers. Do you ever feel too connected? Do you wish social media wasn't such a major part of our lives? Or do you embrace it all? Do you wish there were more networks and ways to connect?
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Do: Turn to wild salmon
Last updated by Kurtis Hiatt | January 02, 2013
The Mayo Clinic diet plan focuses on lifelong healthy eating. It's rated high in nutrition, safety, and diabetes, but only moderately effective for weight loss.
Nutrisystem determines portions, prepares and delivers your meals, and tells you what to eat and when.
The macrobiotic diet mimics vegetarian and vegan eating approaches. Dieters can expect to eat lots of organic, whole foods on this diet.
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Did you know?
The earthquake that hit Haiti’s capital, Port au Prince, and nearby communities on 12 January 2010 measured 7.0 on the Richter scale. Two hundred and thirty thousand people were killed and damages and losses were evaluated at around USD 8 billion – 120% of the nation’s GDP.1
Two years after the disaster, Haiti’s reconstruction is gaining momentum. People are moving from temporary shelters into repaired neighbourhoods. Despite the many challenges facing the poorest in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti’s economy shows signs of recovering from the earthquake, with a forecast of 7.5% growth in 2012.2
1. www.worldbank.org/en/country/haiti/overview
(1): CIA factbook
(2): WHO 2008
(3): IDF Diabetes Atlas, 5th edition annual update, 2012
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Record snowfall in Alaska and DC
Valdez, Alaska got more than four inches per hour at the height of the snowstorm that began there Monday and ran through the week. By the time the citizens of Alaska’s only oil port finally caught a break, the snow was piled 5 feet, 8 inches deep.
Yes, you read right.
Five feet, 8 inches; over the head of your average American woman, up the nose of your average American man. The National Weather Service called it record.
History has been made in Washington, DC also. The snow has already broken the 1 day record for DC. The old record of 11.5″ on December 17,1932 is now in 2nd place since National Airport has over 15″ with snow still falling. This storm is now in 6th place all-time and the February 1983 storm total of 16.6″ may yet be eclipsed.
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Britain has a wide range of National Parks which can provide a wilderness experience for people from all walks of life. However none come closer to the sheer scale of the Cairngorms in northeast Scotland. Here you can wander for days leaving the outside world to its hectic ways. The Cairngorm National Park is Britainís largest national park and is 40% larger than the Lake District. It is therefore no wonder that it is a favourite choice for the dedicated outdoor enthusiast.
This two-day route is truly a ďMunro baggerĒ taking in the Devilís Point, Cairn Toul, Sgor an Lochain Uaine and Braeriach along with four Corbettís. The approach is via the Lairig Ghru valley and will involve camping for one night. It is essential that you have mastered basic backpacking skills in the outdoors. The route also covers some tough ground and is not a walk for the inexperienced. Remember you will be without contact from the modern world for at least 20 hours, therefore be aware of your capabilities. The best time of the year to attempt this route would be between May and August.
As with walks 1721 and 3299, this route starts at Coylumbridge in the heart of Rothiemurchus Forest near Aviemore where a large campsite is situated at grid ref. NH915107. The best option is to pitch here for a few days leaving the car safe, although a large hotel is within reach over the road. Leave the campsite and head south on the raised bank into the forest passing the campsite grounds. When the path splits take the left fork signed Lairig Ghru and follow for 3km to the Cairngorm Club footbridge. Cross here and continue on to a junction (grid ref. NH938075). Turn hard right here signed Lairig Ghru as the path starts to climb out of the forest providing some fine views.
Once the forest is finally cleared comes a long trudge across open moorland to reach the start of the Lairig Ghru valley, which seems to never arrive. But after an hour or so you find yourself crossing the River Allt Druidh, which makes a great place to take your first serious break. It is also worth noting this will be your last chance for 6 hours to make use of a clean water supply. Once rested and on the way, join the main path. As you enter the Lairig Ghru it almost feels like youíre on a film set somewhere in the Grand Canyon as this place is huge by British standards. A hard 9km journey across hostile terrain to base camp by the Corrour Bothy now awaits you as the track slowly winds its way into the valley.
In some sections, the valley floor is crammed with large boulders and these can be a real Ďsoul testerí at times without much ground being covered. After some considerable time the Valley opens out into a massive bowl 5km across and the fist glimpse of Cairn Toul comes into view. This amazing looking mountain seems to spur you on with not only tomorrowís thought of walking the summit, but also knowing base camp is slowly getting within reach. At NH974006 make sure to bear left at the pools of Dee, to get this wrong would cause huge problems later as the river widens quickly with heavy flows from the corries on either sides of the valley. The going is now spectacular as you walk downhill in this huge valley, the slopes of Ben Macdui tower overhead to your left with the awesome summit of the Devilís Point straight ahead in the distance which lies above base camp for the night.
After a very long day base camp is reached. The Corrour Bothy is a great choice but in summer expect not to be alone as the Aviemore to Lynn of Dee traffic can be very busy so camping is a better option. I chose a grass patch where the river bends (grid ref. NH984961), this not only provided a water supply but stable moor grass with good cold insulation properties. Donít forget you are only 2km from the coldest ever recorded temperature in the British Isles! The walk to this base camp takes around 8 to 9 hours from Coylumbridge.
After a deafeningly quiet black night, it is soon time to hit the road. This should be done by 7am at the very latest to stay on schedule. Cross the river at grid ref. NH986957 where a large footbridge is located. Compost toilets are provided at the bothy should the need be so before making the first ascent. There now follows a 500m climb to the main ridge at Coire Odhar high above. Important: From October to June a large snow cornice bridges the waterfall near the summit. This can be avoided by bearing right up a small crag but this involves mild scrambling. This is passable without crampons but be aware, make good footholds over the snow as the drop is severe. It is a short but dangerous section lasting only a few minutes in late Spring.
Once at the summit it is time to bag the first objective, The Devilís Point. Turn left and follow the only track to the summit, which should take about twenty minutes. Summit reached you take in huge views from all around. Ben Macdui dominates the skyline as the Lairig Ghru cuts past into the horizon taking your breath away. This is wild Scotland at its best. Leave the summit heading back the way you came and continue along the ridge towards Stob Coire an t Saighdeir. This section can be slow with a boulder field to negotiate. Make sure you stay close to the edge to avoid navigation problems as you stride towards Cairn Toul which now fills the view ahead.
Cairn Toul is tough going as the final stages seem to refuse to let its remote secrets out until the last minute. The summit is rocky and dramatic with a haunting drop into the Lairig Ghru 600m far below. Lochan Uaine is well worth a picture although caution should be taken when nearing the edge. Many accidents have accrued in this region. This is a great mountain. As well as standing on Britainís fourth highest summit, you should now celebrate knowing you have reached the most inaccessible Munro in the Cairngorm National Park. Leave Cairn Toul and proceed on to The Angelís Peak nearby. Here the ridge turns sharply leftwards with Carn na Criche now in view. Braeriach can be seen but is still a long way off.
Passing the Crown Buttress & Great Gully is hard work, with yet more car sized boulders. The wind is also now a problem as it escapes from the Lairig Ghru below. Take care. Turn slowly at Carn Criche and a path leads off downhill for a while. There now follows the last major ascent, but itís a big one! Braeriach is the third highest Munro and the climb confirms that factor. This is hard work at a time where you have spent half a day climbing. At the summit of Braeriach expect to meet a few people coming up from the north. Views to the south are amazing if energy is found to take photos. Ben Macdui is still in view on the other side of the valley although now viewed from the west face. The most impressive is undoubtedly Cairn Toul 3km to the south. Its snow topped crater stands out like a classic volcano which is so well shaped it almost looks still active.
Leave Braeriach to the north and follow the ridge down. Be prepared to cross near snow cornices at steep angles near the East Gully (grid ref. NH956001). This gives a real alpine experience although be aware of the dangers as tiredness will be very much of an issue at this point. Turn left passing Sron na Lairige and continue downhill with Rothiemurchus Forest now in view on the horizon. The path drops steeply at grid ref. NH960036 where you rejoin the main Lairig Ghru track. Continue for 9km retracing your footsteps from yesterday back to Coylumbridge. Be prepared to use your head torch for the last few miles depending what time base camp was departed. This will be a very painful last few hours to say the least, but thinking back on what two days produced should ease the suffering. The Cairngorm National Park, Britain on the wild side!
OS Map showing start
Ordnance Survey Map showing starting point of walk - Click Here
It is recommended you take a map with you when following a walk route. The preferred scale is 1:25000 used by the Explorer series.
Note : If two maps are listed at the same scale then either (a) both are required for full coverage of the route or (b) the route is covered on both maps.
Aviemore Bunkhouse, Aviemore
Knappach Cottage, Kingussie, Inverness-shire
Corrunich, Tomintoul, Banffshire
Aslaich Bed & Breakfast, Drumnadrochit, Loch Ness
Finegand Cottages, Glenshee, Perthshire
Self Catering Directory
NOTE - all distances are "as the crow flies"
|Copyright © 1999 - 2013 Walking Britain. All rights reserved.|
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TELLURIDE – Three Telluride women have been meeting together regularly for the last four years, not just because they are great friends, but because they all have something in common. All three lost their newborn sons within hours of their births. Now, Jen Mann, Lara Young and Shawna LaBorde are extending their support to others who have experienced the loss of a baby, or of a pregnancy, with the formation of PAIL, their Pregnancy and Infant Loss support group, which will meet monthly starting Wednesday, June 8. “We want to support moms and dads who have lost babies, no matter how long ago,” says Mann. Mann’s son Clovis was born on Dec. 18, 2005. She'd had a normal pregnancy and a normal delivery, but immediately after birth it became clear that her baby could not breathe on his own. The neonatologist at St. Mary’s in Grand Junction gave Clovis a dismal prognosis. Mann and her husband decided to take their son off life support so they could hold him and say goodbye. Clovis died nine hours after he was born. The couple elected not to do an autopsy, but rather donate his heart valves to another baby. “We felt really good about that,” she says, “but there are still lots of unknowns” about his death. After Clovis died, Mann felt she had no one to talk to. “I felt like a leper,” she says, “isolated, like I had a contagious disease.” So she found herself surfing on the Internet for support groups and discovered nationalshare.org, a pregnancy and infant loss organization that provides resources for parents dealing with the tragic death of a baby through pregnancy loss, stillbirth, or in the first few months of life. Once there, one woman responded to Mann’s feelings of isolation by saying, “Welcome to the leper colony.” She no longer felt alone.
Through Share, Mann was able to connect with others experiencing similar grief, and has a friend she maintains contact with to this day. But within a year she also had a friend in Telluride to share her grief with. LaBorde lost her son Tyson, who was born in Grand Junction, on Aug. 13, 2006. Like Mann, she had a normal birth and delivery, but Tyson had a heart condition that was not detectible until the umbilical cord was cut and his heart rate plummeted. “He lived only a few hours,” she says. “For us, there wasn’t a lot of time, or choice… The nurses were very considerate. They all sent cards, put memories down, cried with us. One piece I regret, though, is they didn’t tell me that I had all the time I wanted” to be with Tyson. Barely a month later, Young gave birth to Taz, on Sept. 10, 2006 in Montrose. Although she had done a significant amount of pre-natal screening, the fact that her son had trisomy 13, a rare genetic condition, went undetected by her OB-GYN. When Taz was born, his heart was failing and he had an obvious severe genetic condition, but no-one at the hospital could tell Young and her husband exactly what was going on. They were immediately air lifted to Grand Junction, where they met with a neonatologist, a cardiologist and a perinatologist, but none gave the couple direction as to the next steps they should take. Finally they were flown to Denver Children’s Hospital where they met with a geneticist who explained Taz’s condition and prognosis. From there they were able to make the decision to take Taz off life support and spend his last moments together as a family. “Lilly (Taz’s almost 3-year old sister) wanted to give him a bath. Sing him ‘Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.’ Change his diaper,” recalls Young, tearing up. They also had professional photographs taken of Taz through a free program called Now I Lay Me Down to Sleep. Back home, Young’s meetings with her friends Mann and LaBorde became an integral part of her healing process. Not that you ever really heal from losing a child. “Four-and-a-half years later, I’m not debilitated by it,” says Young. “But it gets worse before it gets better. And it comes in waves.” One thing all three women agree upon is how important it is to have actively supportive friends when you’re dealing with the death of a baby. “It’s important that you have people that show up for you, that say, ‘How’s your heart today?’” says Mann. Hugs are great. Food and groceries are extremely helpful. But, “No flowers!” – they all insist. Consistency is also very important. If you call once and there’s no answer, call again. Keep the invitations coming. But only offer support that you can handle, they say. For Mann, her first Mother’s Day was especially difficult. She took a run with a good friend that day, who helped her turn her head around by telling her she needed to start honoring Clovis. “That became my mantra, ‘Live to honor him; don’t check out,’” she says. After the loss of their boys, all three women have gone on to have strong, healthy babies. But with their next pregnancies came a lot of fear and caution, which translated into lots of questions for their health care providers, lots of pre-natal testing, and a determination to have the best possible birth environment for their babies, short of traveling to Children’s Hospital in Denver. All three had their next babies at St. Mary’s in Grand Junction with midwife Janet Grant. “She’s a rock,” says LaBorde. “Janet should train everyone” involved with pregnant women and birthing babies. Through PAIL, Mann, Young and LaBorde hope to raise women’s awareness that they can take control of their pregnancy health care choices. “Ask the questions,” says Young. “If you can walk away from something and say ‘I’ve had the best standard of care’,” you’ve done everything you can. “You don’t want to say, ‘If only I’d had that information.’” “We’re saying all of this with hindsight wisdom, of course,” says LaBorde.
“Yes,” agrees Mann, “we’re professional baby-loss mamas, but we’re not professionals.” Whether seeking pregnancy advice or support for a miscarriage or the loss of an infant, one thing PAIL promises is a safe, sacred place to talk about your grief, hopes and fears. Together they’ve dealt with one-year anniversaries, helping their older children deal with their own grief, and been there for each other’s subsequent pregnancies and births. “It’s been amazing,” says Young. “We’ve wanted to share this support with others for a long time. You just need to know that you’re not alone. Welcome to our leper colony.” PAIL is aiming to meet once a month. Their first meeting is planned for Wednesday, June 8, 6-8 p.m. at the Wilkinson Public Library. For more information, or just to talk, contact: Jen Mann, 728-3647, email@example.com; Lara Young, 708-0308, firstname.lastname@example.org; or Shawna LaBorde, 708-3774, email@example.com.
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I am encountering problems with curling whenever I lift the antiroll plate and attempt to retrieve the section. Often the top portion of the section will remain flat while the bottom curls. I am sectioning fixed rat brains on a Vibratome Ultrapro 5000 cyrostat. The brains were placed in cryomolds and embedded in OCT, and stored at -80 degree C before sectioning. The specimen isallowed to equilbrated in the chamber for 45 min before sectioning commences. The knife is new, and the specimen temperature is approx -13 to -15 degree, and chamber temperature at -20 degree C. The blade angle is currently set to around 2 to 3 degrees (as recommended by the manufacturer's instructions), however, this has been modified several times and the problem occurs at other angles.
Does anyone have some suggestions of what could be causing this and most importantly what I could do to make it stop.
Histonet mailing list
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Solar car competition energizes Morton Grove woman
Sarah Noll, 23, of Morton Grove, is one of two women on a 20-person racing team competing in a 1,600-mile cross-country race of solar-powered cars that started July 14 and runs through July 21. | Contributed photo
NAME: Sarah Noll
BEST KNOWN AS: Solar-car racer
HOMETOWN: Morton Grove
Updated: August 20, 2012 6:23AM
A fleet of seemingly space-age silver vehicles passing through the Midwest in mid-July would no doubt cause some heads to turn.
As alien as they appear the 16 cars scheduled to travel to and from Normal, Ill., are actually man-made, typically from scratch, by college students exploring the benefits of alternative energy.
“It looks like spaceship or boat,” Sarah Noll said of the sleek, silver, oblong vehicle bearing the number 5 for Team Mercury, Illinois State University’s solar-car squad.
Back on the streets, “no one knows what it is,” she said. “People stare so we always are trying to avoid getting hit.”
Noll, 23, of Morton Grove, is one of two women on the 20-person racing team competing in a 1,600-mile cross-country race of solar-powered cars that started July 14 and runs through July 21.
On July 13, Team Mercury took fourth in a qualifying race on a motor speedway in Monticello, N.Y., before hitting the open streets.
A recent ISU grad with degrees in economics and environmental studies, she gets how cost-effective science and technology solutions can lead to a greener planet.
Cars as a hobby, though, is something new.
“I don’t like cars in the sense that most of the boy on the team like cars,” she explained. “But anyone can do it.”
Team Mercury appeals primarily to students interested in science, engineering and technology, though Noll points out its founder was a music major. Professors from the university’s physics department oversee the team’s activities.
But unlike some of their competitors Team Mercury doesn’t have the backing of an engineering program or big sponsors to cover all of its costs or contribute ready-made parts.
In some ways that has worked to their advantage, Toll said. Last year the team placed second at the Formula Sun Grand Prix in Indianapolis.
Noll puts the car’s total costs at around $40,000.
“It takes us longer (to create) because we put more work into it but we know the car because we built it,” she said. “If something is broke we know how we fix it.”
Noll personally learned how to do metalwork to create tire hubs for the flat, aerodynamic car, which balances on two front tires and one in the rear, and weighs about 700 pounds.
Power is derived from 492 single crystal silicon cells attached to its exterior. Each solar cell yields about 3 watts, putting the maximum array output at 1,492 watts.
“There are no luxuries — it’s a one-seater and there’s no trunk,” Noll said. “It’s like driving a very big, rectangular, fragile boat.”
The driver sits in an encased cockpit and keeps in touch via walkie-talkies with teammates in a chase car monitoring the car’s power levels.
Since the car is electric it has no need for a gas pedal; instead, drivers punch a clutch on a go-kart-like steering wheel for acceleration.
Speed is determined by how much energy from sun the car soaks into its batteries. It can reach up to 70 miles per hour, though most of the time it cruises at about 40. Conserving power is a must, Noll said, particularly on cloudy days.
“We run on the power you use for a hair dryer,” she said. “You don’t need that much power to drive a car and yet (non-electric cars) use so much oil.”
That comment hints at the school teams’ main purpose for creating and driving solar cars: to demonstrate the eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness of alternative and renewable energies.
For example, in addition to absorbing energy from solar cells, Team Mercury’s car uses regenerative breaking to add juice to its batteries. The energy it takes to slow down every time the break pedal is pushed transfers to the car’s battery pack, which is then reused to propel it forward.
“We are test dummies of what works and what doesn’t work,” Noll said.
The upcoming American Solar Challenge is the next test of the drivers’ and cars’ limits.
Starting in Rochester, N.Y., solar-car teams must pass through all eight states that border the Great Lakes to reach a finish line in St. Paul, Minn. They had to reach the Normal checkpoint on July 18.
The cross-country race will be Noll’s first time competing in the red-and black “5” car. She called it “a very-once-in-a-lifetime experience” and is proud of how far she’s come since joining the team a year ago.
She also excited for the road that lies ahead.
“It’s cool to show that I knew nothing about this before and now I’m building a car and participating in a race,” Noll said.
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Colorado State veterinarians take on novel equine herpesvirus study
The CSU veterinary study, directed by Drs. Gabrielle Landolt and Gisela Hussey, is specifically looking at the transmission pathway through the airway and throat potentially resulting in neurological damage, abortion and possibly death to the horse.
"The study specifically concentrates on the lining of the respiratory systems, called the epithelium, which keeps the airway moist and is a barrier to pathogens,” the university says. “The epithelial cells also serve a critical function in shaping the immunological response, including secreting chemicals to attack pathogens and determining and initiating the cascade of immune responses in the rest of the body.”
“We believe that the herpesvirus finds a way to ‘hide’ from the immune response, and we also know that if an immune system doesn’t trigger a good response at the first sign of infection, viruses like this one take off,” Landolt explains. "That combination of events may take place in the horse’s respiratory system, and if we can crack the equine herpesevirus secret to getting through that gateway and compromising the immune system at that point of entry, we may be better able to find treatments and preventative measures to stop outbreaks of the virus.”
The outcome of this research will also help scientists understand how herpes viruses in all species may impact immune systems, Hussey explains. “This study is innovative because it is the first study to focus on defining the immune responses at the respiratory epithelium and how the virus controls the immune system,” she says.
EHV-1 is considered highly contagious among horses. The virus can go airborne for short distances, but is most typically spread through nose-to-nose contact, or through close contact with contaminated equipment, clothing, water and/or feed.
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An automobile with a mass of 1850 kg is parked on a moving flatbed railcar; the flatbed is 1.50 m above the ground. The railcar has a mass of 37500 kg and is moving to the right at a constant speed of 8.70 m/s on a frictionless rail. The automobile then accelerates to the left, leaving the railcar at a speed of v = 24.5 m/s with respect to the ground. When the automobile lands, what is the distance D between it and the left end of the railcar? See the figure.
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http://www.careersportal.ie/courses/coursedetail.php?userid=0&token=b4b147bc522828731f1a016bfa72c073&job_id=618&course_id=17426
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The accession of Bashar al-Assad to the Syrian presidency, after his father's June 10, 2000, death, was greeted with optimism: here was a Western-educated eye doctor who promised to be moderate and to modernize Syria after three decades of dictatorial rule. U.S. officials hoped that young Assad would jump start
Download Audio as MP3 the Arab-Israeli peace process and end Syrian support for terrorism. All Syrians welcomed the "Damascus Spring."
The early optimism about Assad appears to have been unwarranted: an investigation into Syrian complicity in the assassination of former Lebanese prime minister Rafik Hariri has continued, Syrian support for terrorism is evident, and Syria is known as the principal waypoint for foreign fighters and suicide bombers entering Iraq. In addition, an Israeli airstrike destroyed a covert Syrian nuclear plant in 2007, and intelligence reports released in April have indicated that Damascus is seeking to transfer Scud missiles to Hezbollah.
On this tenth anniversary of Assad's presidency, where does U.S.-Syria policy stand? Does a policy of engagement offer promise, or is isolation warranted? Is the Syria-Iran relationship unshakable? Will Damascus ever cut ties with the terrorist groups Hezbollah and Hamas? Is terrorism integral to the Syrian regime's foreign policy? To answer these and other questions, an international array of experts gathered at AEI to assess the legacy of Assad's decade-long rule and the future of U.S.-Syria relations. Senator Mike Johanns (R-Neb.) delivered the keynote address.
||Introduction:||Michael Rubin, AEI|
||Senator Mike Johanns (R-Neb.)
|9:20||Panel I: The Bashar al-Assad Doctrine
|Panelists:||Bill Harris, Otago University, New Zealand|
|David Schenker, Washington Institute for Near East Policy|
|Andrew Tabler, Washington Institute for Near East Policy|
|Moderator:||Gary J. Schmitt, AEI|
|10:20||Panel II: Assessing Engagement|
|Panelists:||Elliott Abrams, Council on Foreign Relations|
|Tony Badran, Foundation for the Defense of Democracy
|Scott Carpenter, Washington Institute for Near East Policy|
|Moderator:||Michael Rubin, AEI|
|11:10||Panel III: Terrorism|
|Panelists:||Brian Fishman, New America Foundation|
|David Schenker, Washington Institute for Near East Policy
|William D. Wunderle, Pentagon|
|Moderator:||Danielle Pletka, AEI
American Enterprise Institute
WASHINGTON, JUNE 10, 2010--On the tenth anniversary of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad's ascent to power, an international array of experts gathered at AEI to assess the legacy of Assad's decade-long rule and the future of U.S.-Syrian relations. In the keynote speech, Senator Mike Johanns (R-Neb.) criticized the Assad regime's support for terrorism and its destabilizing role in the Middle East. The first panel examined Assad's doctrine, highlighting that initial hopes that Bashar would liberalize Syria faded as he declined to modernize the country and renounce terrorism. The second panel assessed the Obama administration's policy of engagement with Damascus and found it to be flawed. Washington's concessions to Damascus on democracy and human rights issues have not changed Syrian behavior either on issues such as terror support or on the Middle East peace process. The third panel discussed Syria's support for terrorism and agreed that Syria's longstanding role as regional spoiler and state sponsor of terrorism will continue until the United States adopts a firmer policy that demands serious changes from the Assad regime.
- "Syria knows what it needs to do to improve its relationship with the U.S. It's not a mystery. It must completely cut off the flow of terrorists slipping into Iraq. It must stop helping the numerous terrorist groups it supports outside of Iraq. It must recognize that Israel has a right to exist, and negotiate a real peace in good faith. It needs to cooperate with the IAEA's [International Atomic Energy Agency] investigation into its suspected nuclear site. It has to do more to restore the Lebanese government's sovereignty, disarm Hezbollah, and hold accountable those responsible for the murder of Lebanese prime minister Rafiq Hariri. And it has to take positive steps toward political liberalization and human rights. It's a big agenda. But it's certainly not a secret agenda. The Syrians know this is what we want--and the fact that their poor behavior is continuing should be a sign that they are not interested."
--Senator Mike Johanns (R-Neb.)
- "The absence of any achievements emanating from the Obama administration's attempts to engage Damascus thus far suggest that the Assad regime sees little benefit in making even minor modifications in its support for resistance in the region. Now this, of course, should not come as a surprise. . . . Given what Bashar says and how the regime has behaved in its first ten years, it would be difficult not to conclude that support for terrorism, or resistance, is the sine qua non, the essential element of the regime."
--David Schenker, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Director of the Program on Arab Politics
- "If you want to understand how Assad sees engagement, think of a movie without a soundtrack. If you had a soundtrack to this movie, you would see American officials saying, 'You must stop doing X and you may not do Y, and we're not going to put up with you doing Z,' but there is no soundtrack. So all you see is American officials coming to pay tribute to Damascus. That's how he sees it. He doesn't listen to what American officials say to him. He doesn't care. What he sees is, they keep sending top officials. . . . What he is paying attention to is, 'They keep courting me.'"
--Elliott Abrams, Council on Foreign Relations, Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies
Elliott Abrams is a senior fellow for Middle Eastern studies at the Council on Foreign Relations. Mr. Abrams served as the senior director for democracy and human rights, senior director for the Near East, and deputy national security adviser handling Middle East affairs in the George W. Bush administration. Previously, he was assistant secretary of state for UN affairs, human rights, and Latin America in the Reagan administration.
Tony Badran is a research fellow with the Center for Terrorism Research at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies in Washington, D.C. He focuses on Lebanon, Syria, and Hezbollah. His research includes U.S. policy toward Lebanon and Syria; Syrian foreign policy, with a focus on its regional relations with Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Israel, and Lebanon; Syria's ties to militant nonstate actors and terrorist groups; and Syria's international relations, especially with Russia and the European Union. Mr. Badran's other research has dealt with Syria's use of information warfare, as well as with the Syrian opposition movement. Mr. Badran also works on Islamist groups in the Levant.
Scott Carpenter is the Keston Family Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and director of Project Fikra, which focuses on empowering Arab democrats in their struggle against extremism. From 2004 to 2007, Mr. Carpenter served as deputy assistant secretary of state for Near Eastern affairs, responsible for overseeing the Middle East Partnership Initiative. Prior to joining the U.S. Department of State, Mr. Carpenter served as the director of the Governance Group for the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), helping to guide Iraq's political transition and to initiate a wide array of democracy initiatives. From May 2003 to July 2004, he served as a key adviser to the CPA administrator, facilitating the formation of the Iraqi Governing Council and the first post-Saddam cabinet, the drafting and signing of the Transitional Administrative Law (Iraq's interim constitution), and the establishment of Iraq's first fully sovereign government. He also presided over the design and implementation of the largest democratization effort in one country since the fall of the Berlin wall. Before joining the State Department, Mr. Carpenter worked with the International Republican Institute.
Brian Fishman is a counterterrorism research fellow at the New America Foundation and a research fellow with the Combating Terrorism Center (CTC) at West Point. He previously served as the CTC's director of research and was a professor in the Department of Social Sciences at West Point. Mr. Fishman was a regular contributor to the CTC's Harmony Project reports; he authored Dysfunction and Decline: Lessons Learned from Inside al-Qa`ida in Iraq, coauthored Al-Qa`ida's Foreign Fighters in Iraq: A First Look at the Sinjar Records, and edited Bombers, Bank Accounts, and Bleedout: Al-Qa`ida's Road In and Out of Iraq. As part of his duties at West Point, Mr. Fishman deployed to Iraq and served on the CENTCOM Assessment Team. Mr. Fishman was a founding editor of the CTC Sentinel.
Bill Harris teaches Middle East history and contemporary affairs at the University of Otago in New Zealand, where he is a professor of politics and head of the Department of Politics. His most recent books are Faces of Lebanon (Markus Wiener, 2006; Princeton, 2005) and The Levant: A Fractured Mosaic (Markus Wiener, 2005; Princeton, 2008), which won a Choice Magazine outstanding academic title award. He is currently finishing a history of Lebanon from 600 to 2010 for Oxford University Press in New York. Mr. Harris lived in Lebanon in the late 1980s as a staff member at Haigazian University College in Beirut and is fluent in Arabic.
Mike Johanns (R-Neb.) was sworn in as U.S. senator for Nebraska on January 6, 2009. He won the support of an overwhelming majority of Nebraskans by demonstrating principled leadership throughout twenty-five years of public service. Senator Johanns serves on five committees: Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry; Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs; Commerce and Transportation; Veterans' Affairs; and Indian Affairs. He is the ranking member on the Agriculture Committee's Domestic and Foreign Marketing, Inspection, and Plant and Animal Health Subcommittee. Senator Johanns became the twenty-eighth secretary of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in January 2005 and served as Nebraska's thirty-eighth governor from 1999 to 2005.
Danielle Pletka served for ten years as a senior professional staff member for the Near East and South Asia on the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Since coming to AEI, Ms. Pletka has developed a conference series on rebuilding post-Saddam Iraq, directed a project on democracy in the Arab world, and designed a project to track global business in Iran. She recently edited a publication on dissent and reform in the Arab world and coauthored a report on Iranian influence in the Levant, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Ms. Pletka comments frequently on foreign and defense policy issues on television and in major American newspapers.
Michael Rubin is a resident scholar at AEI and a senior lecturer at the Naval Postgraduate School's Center for Civil-Military Relations. He also teaches a graduate course on Iranian history at Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Rubin is a former editor of Middle East Quarterly and served as an Iran and Iraq country director in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. He is the author of two books about Iranian history and politics, most recently Eternal Iran: Continuity and Chaos (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), and he publishes articles in a range of scholarly and policy journals. Mr. Rubin lectures frequently on the politics, culture, and strategy of Iran to senior U.S. Army officers deploying to Iraq and Afghanistan. He is completing a history of U.S. engagement toward rogue regimes.
David Schenker is the Aufzien Fellow and director of the Program on Arab Politics at the Washington Institute. Previously, he served in the Office of the Secretary of Defense as Levant country director, the Pentagon's top policy aide on the Arab countries of the Levant. In that capacity, he was responsible for advising the secretary and other senior Pentagon leadership on the military and political affairs of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and the Palestinian territories. He was awarded the Office of the Secretary of Defense Medal for Exceptional Civilian Service in 2005. Prior to joining the government, Mr. Schenker was a research fellow at the Washington Institute, focusing on Arab governance issues at a time of seminal leadership transition in the Middle East. In addition, he authored two institute books: Dancing with Saddam: The Strategic Tango of Jordanian-Iraqi Relations (copublished with Lexington Books, 2003) and Palestinian Democracy and Governance: An Appraisal of the Legislative Council (2001). Most recently, he published a chapter on U.S.-Lebanese relations in Lebanon: Liberation, Conflict, and Crisis (Palgrave, 2009).
Gary J. Schmitt is a resident scholar and the director of the Program on Advanced Strategic Studies at AEI. Previously, he cofounded and served as the executive director of the Project for the New American Century, a Washington-based foreign and defense policy think tank. Prior to that, Mr. Schmitt was a member of the professional staff of the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, where he also served as the committee's minority staff director. In 1984, he was appointed by President Ronald Reagan to the post of executive director of the president's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board at the White House. Mr. Schmitt is the coeditor, with Thomas Donnelly, of Of Men and Materiel: The Crisis in Military Resources (AEI Press, 2007). He has written books and articles on a number of topics, including the founding of the United States, the U.S. presidency, intelligence, and national security affairs. His most recent book is The Rise of China: Essays on the Future Competition (Encounter Books, May 2009), of which he is editor and contributing author. He is also a contributor to the forthcoming AEI Press volume Safety, Liberty, and Islamist Terrorism: American and European Approaches to Domestic Counterterrorism, which he edited.
Andrew Tabler is a Next Generation Fellow in the Program on Arab Politics at the Washington Institute, where he focuses on U.S. engagement with Syria. He is the cofounder and former editor-in-chief of Syria Today, Syria's first private-sector English-language magazine, and has been a media consultant for Syrian nongovernmental organizations (2003–2004) under the patronage of Syrian first lady Asma al-Asad. Most recently, Mr. Tabler served as a consultant on U.S.-Syria relations for the International Crisis Group (2008) and as a fellow of the Institute of Current World Affairs (2005–2007), writing on Syrian, Lebanese, and Middle Eastern affairs. After editorships with the Middle East Times and Cairo Times, Mr. Tabler became senior editor and director of editorial for the Oxford Business Group (OBG) in 2000. The following year, he personally oversaw with OBG the first comprehensive report on Syria in more than thirty years. Mr. Tabler is the author of the forthcoming book In the Lion's Den: Inside America's Cold War with Assad's Syria (I. B. Tauris, 2010) and the 2007 Stanley Foundation report The High Road to Damascus: Engage Syria's Private Sector.
William D. Wunderle is a foreign affairs specialist on the Joint Staff with responsibility for Iran and the Levant. He is also a fellow at the Society for Applied Anthropology and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the International Institute of Strategic Studies.
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April 11, 2012
Conference to probe ethics of Holocaust studies, honor historian
What are the moral and artistic limits faced by a novelist, filmmaker, historian or artist in depicting the Holocaust?
Some of the leading thinkers on this often agonizing question will present their views at a UCLA conference, April 21-23, on “History Unlimited: Probing the Ethics of Holocaust Culture.”
The occasion will also serve as a tribute to UCLA historian Saul Friedlander, who has retired as the first holder of the “1939” Club Chair in Holocaust Studies. He was awarded the MacArthur “genius” award in 1999, and his book “The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945,” the second of two volumes on the Nazi persecution and extermination of European Jewry, was recognized with a Pulitzer Prize in 2008.
One of his earlier books, “Probing the Limits of Representation,” published in 1992, set the terms for the debate continued in the upcoming UCLA conference.
Speakers at the conference will include some of the most respected names in Holocaust studies, including Yehuda Bauer of Israel’s Hebrew University, Christopher Browning of the University of North Carolina, Hayden White of UC Santa Cruz, author Daniel Mendelsohn and Friedlander himself.
Also taking part will be architect Peter Eisenman (Yale), Stephen D. Smith, executive director of the USC Shoah Foundation Institute, and filmmakers Peter Forgacs and Yael Hersonski.
In the 20 years since Friedlander published his book on Holocaust representation, the depth and breadth of the field has expanded enormously, said Todd Presner, director of the UCLA Center for Jewish Studies and conference organizer.
“There has been a vast addition of new material with the opening of the German archives at Bad Arolsen and of other archives in the former Soviet Union,” Presner said.
Much of this and other material are being disseminated online, as are the more than 50,000 interviews, mostly with survivors, conducted by the Shoah Foundation.
Admission to the conference is free, but pre-registration is required by calling (310) 267-5327, or by sending an e-mail to email@example.com.
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Sounds like another recipe for disaster
Published: Saturday, October 27, 2012 at 4:30 a.m.
Last Modified: Friday, October 26, 2012 at 7:48 a.m.
Fracking: This is a process that injects a drilled well with chemicals, water and sand at high pressure to crack shale rock and release natural gas. Should North Carolina do it? Of course we should, but only if it is safe. For if we bollix this up, we will poison and destroy our aquifer.
We need to examine fracking the slow way. The careful way. We don't need to rush in.
Am I concerned? You bet I am, especially when I see where Lee County Commissioner Jim Womack is going to lead the panel that will decide whether and how to allow fracking in North Carolina. Womack describes himself as a "pro-energy, pro-drilling, pro-business advocate."
Womack claims his stances will not compromise his work as chairman. What I think of this statement cannot be printed in a newspaper. I can say this: It is so patently absurd as to be laughing if it were not so important. Putting Womack in charge of a panel to find a fair and balanced view of fracking is like hiring a weasel to decide whether chicken coops should be guarded.
Womack admits that fracking is a controversial issue that scares people. Yes, it is. And for a good reason. (See above.) Then Womack makes a completely stupid statement (among many). He believes controversy is no reason not to proceed.
"There's controversy about breathing, there's controversy about raising cows on pasture land. We're not going to do anything that's unsafe or irresponsible."
I wonder. Is Womack also spokesman for the offshore oil drilling interests? Remember how many times we were told, "Not to worry — oil drilling in the Gulf of Mexico is perfectly safe. What could possibly go wrong?"
The reason fracking is controversial is because people like to drink clean water. We should wait to proceed only when we have all the cards on the table where we can see them. Going at it willy-nilly before we know what's what is exactly the opposite of what Womack claims. It is unsafe and irresponsible.
Critics of fracking express concerns about Womack's election to the leadership. Elizabeth Ouzts, director of Environment North Carolina, says, "Having such a clear proponent of gas drilling at the chair of the commission doesn't give me much hope that the body will produce a thoughtful set of regulations."
Is anything wrong with being "pro-energy, pro-drilling, pro-business"? The answer is an absolute yes when that mindset is put in charge of a panel trying to bring balance to what gas drillers are allowed to do while protecting public health, property, current users of water and land, and promoting jobs.
All this nonsense and these half-truths remind me of the way Hooterville's city and county government is carried out.
For instance, we appoint various people to our planning boards and advisory groups, and in this melange of folks is an imbalance of developers and realtors. Some are good, some are bad. (The bad ones are weasels.) These people such as Womack are supposed to be totally objective about issues. That way they can truly advise us on how we are to proceed.
One example in Hooterville is: How are we to retain our rural character? Well, not surprisingly, the deck is stacked, and the developers and real estate folks turn out to be less than objective. They, of course, look out for their own special interests and, lo and behold, advise us to build on every square inch of land that God created. We then wonder, like goose hit on the head, why we are inexorably losing the very attraction that makes people want to settle here.
Do you see why weasels can't be trusted to advise us?
In the long run, putting weasels in charge of North Carolina's "henhouses" is a sure and certain recipe for disaster!
As sure as the sun rises, this shallow and greedy generation is double-crossing all future generations to come. We are fast polluting the very nest we live in. We are moving ahead too quickly with fracking when we do not know what the environmental result will be. This is nothing less than shooting craps with destiny. We are risking all on a throw of the dice. We are fools rushing in where angels fear to tread.
This present rapacious generation is selling out our children's birthright of clean air and water. We are like Esau in the Bible when he swapped his birthright for a bowl of soup and bread. And like Esau, that will be our shame. Forever and ever.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
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Imagine being a presidential candidate on your way to the presidential debate — and getting arrested.
That’s what happened to Green Party presidential candidate Dr. Jill Stein during the second debate. A team of police officers arrested Stein and her running mate, Cheri Honkala, when they sat down in the road after being denied entry to the second meeting between President Barack Obama, a Democrat, and his Republican challenger, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney.
Stein (pictured), 62, describes Obama and Romney as candidates of the “two Wall Street parties that have been bought and paid for” and espouses policy planks on everything from job creation and foreign relations to obesity.
“If word goes out and gets viral, we could turn politics on its head,” she says, referring to her campaign.
But word probably won’t get out: Democrats and Republicans work together to keep third-party candidates out of the spotlight. Up until 1988, the non-partisan League of Women Voters organized debates. But that year, Democrats and Republicans formed a private corporation called the Commission on Presidential Debates. The commission, which sponsors the debates through large corporate donors, fixes the criteria for debate participants so only Democrats and Republicans can qualify. It’s a system that journalist Walter Cronkite once dubbed an “unconscionable fraud,” according to Open Debates, a nonprofit working to restore more open debates.
So candidates like Stein often have to go get arrested so they can pop up in media coverage.
The policy proposals put forth by Stein — who is on the ballot in 38 states, including Washington and Idaho — would have tickled Franklin Delano Roosevelt with delight. She wants a “Green New Deal,” which takes inspiration from FDR’s version. It includes an economic bill of rights that would aim to create living-wage jobs with a giant works program to build green energy infrastructure like mass transit, and to retrofit homes and buildings to make them more energy efficient. Rather than sticking to Obama’s health insurance law, which requires many to get private health coverage, Stein would expand the government Medicare program to all Americans. She wants to drastically cut military spending and stop the government from using drones to kill suspected terrorists in foreign countries, which she says only leads to more violence.
“Simply by blowing away the offenders, the violators of human rights, we make room for the next warlords,” Stein says.
Not all small parties lean to the left. There’s also the Libertarian Party, which bills itself as both small government and socially liberal. The Libertarian presidential candidate is former two-term New Mexico governor Gary Johnson, who first ran for the Republican nomination. Dubiously, Johnson is about the only politician in that race — cue Herman Cain, Michele Bachmann and Rick Perry — who wasn’t given 15 minutes of media fame. Johnson is on the ballot in 47 states, including Washington and Idaho, and touts himself as having cut taxes 14 times as governor while still leaving New Mexico with a balanced budget.
Johnson’s vice presidential candidate, Judge Jim Gray, sat down with The Inlander during an early October swing through Spokane. Gray, 67, is a retired judge and former federal prosecutor in Southern California; he describes being shut out of the debates as “the frustrating part” of the campaign.
“Any party that is on the ballots in enough states to technically win the Electoral College should have a voice,” Davis says. “It would help people, it would make the debates more interesting [and] certainly more substantive.”
Johnson and Davis propose repealing the income tax and replacing it with a retail consumption tax that they say would bring manufacturing jobs back to America. And they prefer simpler and more innovative business regulations, like having oil companies get drilling projects bonded by private insurers so “every oil drop that pollutes the oceans, there’ll be money there to take care of it.”
Johnson and Davis would also legalize and regulate marijuana, bring American troops home from European bases, close down the detainee prison at Guantanamo Bay and repeal the Patriot Act.
“Our country is in trouble, it’s in trouble from a liberty standpoint,” Gray says.
If neither the Greens nor the Libertarians provide a rebellious enough solution for you, go ahead and try another flavor. There are still four other presidential candidates between the Washington and Idaho ballots:
Constitution Party: Former Virginia Rep. Virgil Goode is this conservative party’s standard-bearer. Goode’s highest profile moment came in 2006 when he disparaged America’s first Muslim congressman for getting sworn in on a Koran, which, incidentally, had been owned by Thomas Jefferson. (Washingon, Idaho)
Socialism and Liberation Party: In what sounds like a pretty sweet deal, presidential candidate Peta Lindsay wants to cancel all student debt, abolish interest paid to banks and stop all foreclosures and evictions. (Washington)
Socialist Worker’s Party: Still not militant enough for you, comrade? SWP presidential candidate James Harris is, according to one profile, a supporter of the Cuban Revolution. Which may make him the last one on Earth. (Washington)
Justice Party: Presidential candidate Rocky Anderson is a former two-term mayor of Salt Lake City. Anderson calls for reforming tax laws, ending corporate welfare, rewriting the Patriot Act so the federal government can’t spy on citizens, and ending the practice of torture. (Washington, Idaho)
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In August 2008 I picked up one of the all-solid-state Acer Aspire One subnotebook computers to be a companion machine with which I could email, surf, and most of all, write. The intent was to promote my aging MacBook Pro to a cushy life at home for CAD, gaming, and music, and tote the smaller and more rugged AOne around with me as a digital notebook. But, in order to make a laptop into a truly mobile tool, one needs the right bag
My most excellent brother Andrew once said "Overbuilt is the Kahrl Way." It is as good a motto as I've ever heard and it was the primary inspiration behind the bag I built for my AOne. (more words here)
Because the flat black and orange remind me of the enormous woodburning contraption my dad built in the basement when I was young, I call this design "The Furnace".
unless otherwise noted,
all materials are copyright © 2007-2008 Francis Allin Kahrl
all rights reserved
(steal code, not content)
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Our Thoughts on Philanthropy
By design, Cold Spring School is a socio-economically diverse
community and as such we recognize that the capacity to give, both time
and material wealth, varies from family to family. The work of the
Development office facilitates fundraising through a lens that values
and respects the range of resources our community, in the broadest
sense, has to share.
We also believe childhood is the perfect time to nurture
deep-rooted qualities of empathy, compassion and generosity. The school
community strives to inspire in our students a willingness to share
personal resources, skills and creativity. Through voluntary generosity,
adults in our community become models for the behavior we want our
students to emulate.
Cold Spring School relies on charitable contributions from
families and friends to ensure financial stability, carry out its
mission and achieve its goals.
The tactical and strategic work of development and fundraising
efforts at Cold Spring School is carried out by Jeff Jonathan, Director
of Cold Spring School, Paula Coyne, Director of Development and the
Development Committee, chaired by Cold Spring Trustee Ellen Wormser with
support from Mary Bloom, Karri Brady, Erica Dawson and Mary Zihal.
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Lesotho Travel Information
- Lesotho phrases?
- Lesotho -- is it true they always lose checked luggage?
- Got a question or comment about Lesotho? Ask a Travel Expert!
Electrical current is 220 volts, 50Hz. The three-prong, round pin South African plug is used.
English is the official language, but Sesotho, Xhosa and Zulu are widely spoken.
Lesotho's high altitude and crisp mountain air does not present many health problems for travellers, although its high elevation leaves the possibility of altitude sickness for recently arrived visitors. A yellow fever certificate is required from travellers coming from an infected area. HIV/AIDS is prevalent. Water should not be drunk unless it is boiled or filtered. There is a lack of good medical facilities, and medical attention is often sought in neighbouring South Africa. Visitors should carry a personal supply of medicine as supplies are limited. Lesotho's Flying Doctor service provides emergency medical services to remote parts of the country. Medical insurance is essential and should include emergency air evacuation coverage, especially if planning to spend time in remote mountainous regions.
All service staff, including tour guides and game rangers, are customarily tipped between 10 and 15%, which they rely on to boost their low wages.
Safety in Lesotho is not generally a serious issue but there has been an increase in opportunistic crime and gun-related crimes, due to a high unemployment rate in the cities. Most incidents occur in Maseru, but visitors should also be alert elsewhere to theft, car hijackings and muggings. Muggers often target foreigners and foreign vehicles have been involved in recent hijackings near Malealea Lodge south of Maseru. Avoid walking around with valuables or else keep them out of sight, and do not walk alone in isolated areas or in Maseru after dark. Driving through rural areas after dark is also not recommended. Sporadic demonstrations are possible and should be avoided if possible.
Photographs of government buildings, the airport or the palace should not be taken: it is always best to ask if unsure. It is customary to ask permission from the local village Headman or Chief before camping, and to inform the Headman or Chief if spending any time within his village. Homosexuality is illegal.
Business in Lesotho tends to follow usual business practices: be punctual, exchange business cards and show respect for your hosts, but anticipate a generally relaxed atmosphere. Suits and ties are the norm, though a lightweight material is best. Business hours are usually from 8.30am to 12.30pm and 2pm to 4.30pm Mondays to Fridays, and 8am to 1pm on Saturdays.
The international dialling code for Lesotho is +266. The outgoing code is 00 followed by the relevant country code (e.g. 0027 for South Africa). There are no city/area codes required. Telephone and fax services are available in all main towns and at major hotels. Internet cafes are available in Maseru. A GSM 900 mobile network is limited to the main urban areas and has limited active roaming agreements with other mobile phone operators; visitors should check with their local networks to see if they have roaming agreements with the operators in Lesotho.
Travellers to Lesotho do not have to pay duty on 400 cigarettes, 50 cigars or 250g tobacco; 2 litres wine and 1 litre of alcohol; 250ml eau de toilette and 50ml perfume; other gifts to the value of L500. No liquor may be imported by South African nationals.
Become our Lesotho Travel Expert
We are looking for contributors for our Lesotho travel guide. If you are a local, a regular traveller to Lesotho or a travel professional with time to contribute and answer occasional forum questions, please contact us.
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STRAUSS II, J.: Famous Overtures (Alfred Walter/ Slovak State Philharmonic Orchestra) (Naxos: 8.553936)
Usually ships within 1-3 days
Johann Strauss, Jr.
The younger JohannStrauss was the son of the founder of the musical dynasty, a musician of thesame name who had established his own dance orchestra in Vienna in 1825, theyear of his eldest son's birth. The older Johann Strauss, a prolific composerof dance music, had intended very different careers for his three sons. In theevent all three became involved in the activities of the dance-orchestrasestablished by the younger Johann Strauss, the Waltz-King, whose career spannedthe second half of the nineteenth century.
Strauss was relativelylate in turning his attention to operetta. Offenbach, the dominant composer inoperetta in Paris, had made the suggestion to him, but it was at the urging ofhis first wife Jetty, the singer Henriette Chalupetzky, that he made his firstattempt at the genre, Indigo und die vierzig Rauber ('Indigo and theForty Thieves'), staged at the Theater an der Wien on 10th February 1871 and asuccess in spite of its libretto, described by Eduard Hanslick as Straussdance-music with words added. The score proved the source of a number of purelyinstrumental works, in addition to the lively overture.
The second Straussoperetta, Karneval in Rom ('Carnival in Rome') was staged in 1873,followed in 1874 by the most famous and lasting of all operettas, DieFledermaus ('The Bat'), its libretto derived from a French version of anearlier German comedy. The overture makes use of some of the principal elementsin the score, striking in its very opening, based on the third act Trio betweenEisenstein, his wife Rosalinde and her lover Alfred, other parts of which areused in a sparkling texture that sets the mood for the light-hearted drama thatfollows, with its mistaken identities, flirtations and deceptions.
The fourth of theStrauss operettas, Cagliostro in Wien ('Cagliostro in Vienna'), wasfirst staged on 27th February 1875 and based on escapades in the life of theeighteenth century Italian alchemist, magician and adventurer. Once again themusic was an immediate success, winning, in particular, the praise of Brahms, acomposer of a very different kind.
Prinz Methusalem ('Prince Methusaleh') was first performed on3rd January 1877 and achieved a very respectable run of eighty performances.
The overture, which later found a place in concerts offered under JohannStrauss's youngest brother, Eduard, makes use of themes from the operetta, withadditional material that may at one time have been part of the planned score.
It combines martial elements with dance-tunes and ends with an effectiveclimax.
The next operetta was Blindekuh ('Blind Man's Buff'), mounted atthe Theater an der Wien on 18th December 1878, its composition delayed by thedeath of Strauss's wife Jetty and his immediate marriage to the young AngelikaDiettrich, thirty years his junior. The overture was given an earlierperformance at a charity event, described by a critic as a game of blind man'sbuff between a teasing polka and a roguish waltz. The operetta itself was lesswell received, but the overture remained in the repertoire of his orchestras,to be borrowed by military bands.
Das Spitzentuch der Konigin ('The Queen's Lace Handkerchief') was staged in1880 and is set in Lisbon in 1580. The plot involves the fictitious appearanceof Cervantes as lover of the Queen's lady-in-waiting Donna Irene in a story ofpalace intrigue. The overture makes use of elements from the score thatfollows, with the Cervantes romance Wo die wilde Rose erbl??ht ('Wherethe wild rose blooms') proving particularly emotive, compared by one listenerto a Beethoven Adagio, after a performance in Berlin under the directionof Eduard Strauss.
Eine Nacht in Venedig ('A Night in Venice'), staged first in Berlin in 1883after Strauss had refused to offer it to the Theater an der Wien, in view ofthe gossip about his wife and Franz Steiner, now director of the famous Viennatheatre, and even talk of her possible liaison with Franz Steiner's father,Maximilian. The poor libretto ensured complete disaster in Berlin, but laterperformance in Vienna was saved by the music, and, as with earlier operettas,the score proved a source of instrumental music for future use.
With Der Zigeunerbaron ('The Gypsy Baron') Strauss recoveredsomething of his reputation in the theatre. His second wife had finally lefthim for Franz Steiner and by abandoning Vienna for Protestant Coburg Strausshad been able to secure a divorce that allowed him to marry Adele Strauss,widow of his family's banker. With this domestic happiness he was able toreturn to Vienna to give all his attention to the new work, which aptly drew onHungarian sources for its plot and music. First staged in Vienna on 25thOctober 1885, it won such success that even the overture was interrupted byapplause, as theme followed theme.
Waldmeister ('Woodruff'), mounted in Vienna on 4th December 1895, could not equalthe success of Der Zigeunerbaron or of the earlier Die Fledermaus, towhich its plot of mistaken identities bears a superficial resemblance, at leastin this respect, with the champagne of Fledermaus replaced by thealcoholic concoction suggested in the title, a plant of apparent potency. Aswith the other less dramatically successful stage works, the music was able tocarry the work, satisfying the audience with the overture and the waltzes, sothat the operetta was given eighty-eight performances in this first run and wasagain much admired by Brahrns, even if his friend, the critic Hanslick,entertained reservations.
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Nils Rosenbaum is a psychiatrist on an Assertive Community Treatment Team (ACT) with the University of New Mexico School of Medicine. He consults with a pilot project that uses actors and simulation to teach medical students how to interact with and treat people experiencing homelessness, mental illness, and/or substance use.
The project uses actors who play the roles of people in distress. The acting is based on case studies of individuals who sought care at the Albuquerque Opportunity Center, which provides shelter and services for men. Medical students who have been trained in Motivational Interviewing, de-escalation skills, and safety skills interact with the actors to test the effectiveness of their skills. The project was developed by Dr. Cynthia Arndell of the University of New Mexico Schools of Medicine and Pharmacy, in collaboration with the Metropolitan Homelessness Project and the Albuquerque Opportunity Center.
Nils sees the simulations as unique opportunities for medical students to experience what it might be like to interact with a patient experiencing mental illness, homelessness, and/or substance use. “In the simulation, they are interacting with someone who is going through methamphetamine withdrawal and psychiatric symptoms. They have to remember the skills they learned and must integrate them in a very stressful situation. The next best option is to see real patients and discuss the patient cases with an attending physician.” He believes the simulation is an effective way of testing students’ skills when paired with formal teaching of skills, didactic sessions, memorization, and an understanding of how these skills fit into the medical model.
He once believed that empathy could not be taught, but his experiences have shown him differently. “Motivational Interviewing is one way of teaching empathy,” says Nils. He notes that people can learn empathy in different ways.
Nils shares that he came to his own work through a need for greater connection. “Many years ago, in my fourth year of medical residency, I realized that I wanted to do something different. I was churning through people and I did not feel connected. I decided to hitch my wagon to community psychiatry at Health Care for the Homeless with the medical outreach team.” Nils found he was able to offer an empathetic perspective and loved the work so much that he wondered if it would be something he could do professionally.He notes that there can be a gap between the medical and social work models of care. During his medical residency, many of his colleagues would say that they were in medical school to “do medicine, not social work.”
While in medical school, Nils took courses in Motivational Interviewing. At the time, Motivational Interviewing was an evidence-based practice that few of his peers were familiar with. “The most inspiring thing for me is to see changes in people who are working on their recovery. Soon after I graduated I worked with a woman who had recently become homeless and was suffering from mental illness.” She was found in a ditch, homeless and experiencing psychiatric symptoms. As the outreach team became involved, they located transitional housing for her and helped her move toward an opportunity for recovery.
“She was the nicest, sweetest person, with unusual insights into her illness. I conducted a physical exam and started her on medications. While she is not cured, she is better. She is an artist and has sold her work. She made a painting for me of a woman consoling another woman. While it is abstract, you can see the emotion painted in the grief and relief that reflects her ongoing struggles and success.”
Nils sees little distinction between someone experiencing mental illness on the streets and someone who is suffering from cancer. “Society would never leave a child with cancer to live on the street,” explains Nils. He believes it is critical to see people in the context of who they are as whole people, beyond pathology and diagnosis.
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Untitled (Frame), ca. 1960–1963 - Martín Ramírez
About the Work
About Untitled (Frame)
About the Artist
About Martín Ramírez
Some of Martín Ramírez's large paneled pieces stretched to nineteen feet. These drawings were all completed from within the walls of hospitals, on the floor underneath a table, and often on paper the artist carefully pieced together himself. With rhythmic repetition of line and gentle shading, Ramírez created imaginary landscapes populated by the real images of his past: the caballeros, Madonnas and animals of his Mexican heritage, and the trains that carried him to permanent exile in America. His technical skill, stylistic evolution, and thematic coherence led Roberta Smith of the New York Times to call Ramírez "…simply one of the greatest artists of the 20th century."
Martín Ramírez's talents were recognized in small exhibitions as early as the 1950s as well as at the American Folk Art Museum, which showed approximately 100 of his drawings in an exhibition of 2007 titled, Martín Ramírez. During that exhibition, a curator was contacted by a relative of Dr. Max Dunievitz, former medical director of DeWitt State Hospital. The Dunievitz family possessed dozens of Ramírez's drawings that had been stored in their garage for over two decades. Subsequently verified, this group of 140 previously unknown works, and the estate of Martín Ramírez is represented exclusively by the Ricco Maresca Gallery, New York.
Courtesy of Ricco/Maresca, NYRead Less
DescriptionGouache and graphite on paper.
ShippingShips in 10-14 business days.
This work is final sale and not eligible for return.
We are here to help. Please let us know if you have any questions about this work, the artist, collecting in general or artists you'd like to see on Artspace. Please call us at (212) 675-5804 or email email@example.com and we'll respond within 24 hours.
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Ethiopia: A New Start?
Ethiopia: A New Start? Minority Rights Group International Report by Kjetil Tronvoll
by Seyoum Hameso and Tilahun Ayano Nebo
The notion of minority is sometimes misleading. It is used to refer to ethnic, national, religious and social groups or other collective entities embraced within a larger entity. Quite often the term �minority group� refers to numerical insignificance of population groups. But this has problems in some contexts. Numerical majority can be a minority in terms of political representation whereas numerical minority can be a political majority. This is particularly true of Ethiopia. The author takes the case of �the largest ethnic group in the country, the Oromo,� as being �politically and socially marginalized and thus might be regarded, politically speaking as a �minority� group; while representatives from a numerical minority group constituting c. 6 per cent of the population, the Tigreans, currently hold the central power, and Tigreans are thus not classified as a �minority� in this context�. (p.5)
This Minority Rights Group International (MRG) report by Kjetil Tronvoll introduces Ethiopia as a country of �multiple of ethnic groups� (p.6). Even after consulting the 1994 Ethiopian census, he joins many others in saying �nobody knows exactly how many ethnic groups and minorities there are in Ethiopia� (p.7). Such a statement is not surprising since doubts about peoples, their numbers and their cultures are all too common in situations as Ethiopia where subsequent polities have a problem of promoting a single ethnie while suppressing others. The result is an all too common misrepresentation and misinformation about people. The author too fails into this trap when he states that Sidama is characterised by a �caste system� (p. 9) which is of course far from truth. As a matter of fact Sidama prizes itself of its egalitarian Luwa age-set system, very similar to the Gada system of the Oromo, which had been undermined by the Abyssinian conquest which replaced it with hierarchically ranked ethnic and power relations. The problem of misrepresentation, however, is not confined to Sidama. There has never been enough understanding of many other cultures and traditions. Even then this report is different from many other works by western scholars about the peoples and the polity in Ethiopia. Humanitarian concerns are visible throughout the report.
The author is the director of the Horn of Africa Programme at the Norwegian Institute of Human Rights, University of Oslo. In this report, he provides a brief historical account of the Abyssinian conquest (p.12) which had formed the basis of the modern Ethiopia. The report does not hide the similarity between the Abyssinian conquest and European colonisation of Africa and the problems associated with historical inequities. The author makes reference to methods common to most Ethiopian regimes: the coercive nature of the state, the promotion of the process of acculturation, assimilation, and Amharanisation. Thus �the establishment of the Ethiopian borders at the start of the twentieth century is at the core of the today�s political controversy in the Horn of Africa.� (p.13). This colonial polity necessarily contains a multitude of centrifugal forces; the empire was sustained largely by force of domineering centre controlled by Amharic and which is now partly challenged by the ascendance of the TPLF to power.
The transitional charter & the constitution
It is true that the Abyssinian political system�s traditional governorship of centre-periphery remained of the key problems of the country. With the growing awareness the issue came to public debate in the last four decades starting with the issue of land, languages and �nations and nationalities�. Both the Haile Selassie autocracy and the derg�s military rule were not in a position to solve the key problems that have their root in the colonial venture of the Ethiopian emperor, Menelik. It is with this background that the Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) led by the Tigrean People�s Liberation Front came to power in 1991.
A chapter on the transition from unitary state to ethnic federation is controversial. Here the author looks into the initial years of the transition (1991-95), the transitional charter itself, Eritrean independence, the constitution and the elections. Two aspects stand out: the constitution and the federal dimension. In what looks like a �constitution for a Nation of Nations�, the EPRDF placed on paper so many grand ideals to encompass individual and collective rights. In idealism of all untold proportions, the TPLF/ERPRDF regime raised, through the constitutional formation which it meticulously controlled, various issues which had remained taboos in Ethiopian and Ethiopianist discourse.
The open manifestation of prioritising collective national rights such as linguistic, and associated political demarcations gave an image of a government truly committed to reform the empire. Within this framework, the adoption of �ethnic federalism� seemed to give power to the hitherto oppressed and suppressed political minorities. To many outside observers, this remains the most intriguing part of the discussion of the Ethiopia of EPRDF.
A new start or a slow trek into the past?
The author of the report contrasts the new constitution with the Ethiopian recent past. Much of the appraisal of the constitution is grounded on this fundamental comparison of the new experiment with Ethiopia�s political past. It then restructured the state through ethnic federalism and drafted the 1994 Constitution. The constitution is regarded as radical in so far as �granting every ethnic group � the right to self-determination up to and including secession�. (p.5) Credit is offered to the government for these measures and hence the title with a question mark: Ethiopia: A New Start? Arguably, the very issues which the government is given credit are, as we see below, problematic, controversial and mere window dressing.
As to the constitution, it is correct to quote a scholar who told the author that �[it] is only meant for foreign consumption, and not for internal implementation�. Thus the EPRDF venture has more to do with image building than true reform in substance. While the image of the constitution appears to be �minority friendly�, its implementation is skewed towards the ruling minority which became a political majority.
The report has other doubts about the constitution that it may legitimise ethnic conflicts. We would argue that the constitution does not in itself legitimise ethnic conflict, but the lack of its implementation necessarily breeds conflict. An entrenched oppression by the ruling TPLF is likely to legitimise and extend the seeds of more conflicts.
The quest for self-determination of national groups was already there long before the constitution. It will also be there whatever forms the oppressive empire politics may take. Indeed, in a political culture of Ethiopia where Abyssinians claim that they are the only �chosen people� to rule, ethno-national political and cultural demands are the only way to air the grievances and the plight of ethnic or national groups. As long as the politics of domination and control exists in the name of unity or democracy, the struggle of oppressed ethnic groups there will be the possibility of conflicts. It is only the end of oppression and domination that will create a ground for peaceful co-existence of different groups. In this sense, TPLF�s start is neither a good start nor new. All it is doing it to buy time in its long trek into the past. Ethiopian politics under the TPLF is not new but a false start.
The other misused term in Ethiopia of today is what is termed as �ethnic federalism�. It is often imposed from Ethiopianist discourse which is at loggers with the presumed policies of collective empowerment for ethnic and national groups.
For the formerly advantaged groups, the transitional government�s policy of demarcating the �regional� and �state� boundaries on the basis of what they say ethnic �killils�, an Amharic term, on top of making several languages the languages of office and education was unpalatable. Hence the �ethnic� connotation to the arrangement which has its own drawbacks from the perspective of the oppressed nations and peoples. In a sense, the opposition of the former ruling circles is not only to the TPLF/EPRDF and its policies per se, it is to the legitimising aspect of the problems that haunted Ethiopia since the conquest. That is, its subsequent regimes have been extensively centrist, oppressive and coercive. These groups are posed to oppose any idea of federation that takes power from a unitary state, be it ethnic, national or international.
Neither is the TPLF/EPRDF sincere in its policy of federalism and federal states. This can be seen in the manners the polity runs, how the federal states were formed and run. While we don�t delve into the deep discussion of this aspect, it is sufficient to indicate some and only some of the centrist aspects of the TPLF despite its pronouncements. For example, at the beginning of the Transitional Government, there were 14 regions. Sidama was one of them. In terms of population numbers, economic or any criteria this nation is no position to be prevented from having the status given to Harar, Benshangul, Tigray or even to the Amhara �states�. But in a few years of experimentation, the EPRDF government merged Sidama into what became the mouthful Southern Nations Nationalities and People�s Regional State whose capital and president are nonetheless Sidama.
This forced unionisation is not unique to TPLF, it is common in the beleaguered history of the empire state of Ethiopia. Even by taking the nominal federal regions by the word, they are now composed of nine �states�: the Amhara and Tigray �states� in the northern highlands, Oromia �state� in the central and south, Afar and Somali �states� in the eastern lowlands, a mouthful of Southern NNPR �state�, in the south, Gambella and Benshangul �states� in the west, and the city �state� of Harar. Cities like Addis Ababa which houses the ruling elite have an undeclared state status.
Recently the seat of Oromia is transferred from Addis Ababa to a hundred kilometres south, to Adama (Nazareth). These and other more significant geographical gerrymandering are done by political decisions without involving the people via referendum or similar democratic mechanisms. Such actions and many others indicate that the �federal states� do not have real powers commensurate with true decentralisation. Ethiopia is still very much controlled by central government, and that the constitutional devolution of power is inadequately implemented. It should also be said that the ethnic federal system is designed to perpetuate TPLF�s position in power by divide and rule tactics, and this argument has a solid foundation.
The report has problems with the implementations of the constitutional rights and freedoms. It argues that the level of political, civil, and economic rights the minorities allowed to exercise is limited. At the same time the report is sympathetic to the current political rule by noting the daunting tasks the government faces to introduce political liberalisation amid the traditional violent political values and systems of the Ethiopian empire. It calls for moderation from all sides to facilitate the process of unity and at the same time enjoying diversity. It also warns that Ethiopia�s unity will be at stake unless constructive and pluralistic political climate develops.
Under a section �human rights under pressure�, the author argues that despite the promises by the EPRDF and Ethiopia�s accession to international human rights instruments, �human rights violations still occur throughout Ethiopia. Detentions without trial, torture, �disappearances� and extra-judicial executions are regularly reported by international and national organisations � Of particular interest for this report is the increasing stigmatisation of certain ethnic groups which are labelled by the government as secessionist factions�. Accordingly many Oromo and Somali [people] are suspected of supporting [liberation] movements on the basis of their ethnic identity alone� (pp.24-25). The author further argues that if the constitution that excels in providing human rights protection necessitates a sound and transparent system of governance is not implemented and defended in practice, its value is meagre. Thus the main criticism raised against the TPLF/EPRDF government is that it does not respect and uphold its own constitution.
The appalling human rights record of the government in power is underestimated by comparison to the challenges it faces from different directions. The report�s author is of the opinion that transforming a culture of violence in a short time is a daunting task. While it is true that the development of a political culture of human rights and democracy may take time, the TPLF/EPRDF proved itself for being authoritarian tolerating no political dissent. TPLF�s actions and inactions are the main contributors of the challenges it faces. TPLF shows a clear lack of political will and responsibility for a democratisation process and building political culture of human rights. It is up to the international community to put pressure on and condemn the TPLF.
The report indicates that international donor community relied on the regimes spoken intentions and proclamations that it will develop a political culture of human rights. The author acknowledges the presence of widespread human rights abuses in Ethiopia. He argues that people are allowed to exercise very limited political and civil rights. The regime is reluctant to admit responsibilities for human rights abuses, and its senior cadres usually blame the regional and local officials. This is a lame excuse since under the present day Ethiopia, drawing such a line between the federal government and states is wrong. TPLF has all the control to change things around in regions through its surrogate parties.
Among other key challenges are also the change of violent political culture and the need for economic development. Both challenges remain challenges, as the TPLF/EPRDF is inept to address them. There are several economic injustices being committed by the regime. The cronies of the regime and its affiliated companies control the key economic activities. The economic policies of the government are based on clearly demarcated discrimination, favouritism, cronyism, and unjust competition. The biased treatment of Tigray at the expense of others is one example. Another example is the government�s readiness to spend scarce resources on senseless and dubious wars while over 8 million people face starvation. Politically, the TPLF itself is an extension of violent political culture. Its pretensions otherwise are just to prolong its stay on power and they are not demonstrations of its commitment to stable and peaceful political development. The imprisonment of tens of thousands of civilian politicians and suspects and harassing many more are the cases in point. The future is bleak to look forward with the TPLF/EPRDF. One would only wonder if democratisation of the empire is possible at all?
The author also indicates another recent challenge. This involves the change in the nationalistic rhetoric of the regime due to the Ethiopian-Eritrean war. The war helped the government to stigmatise and persecute ethnic groups as anti-Ethiopian. Indeed the government is using the old slogan used by the derg to discredit the TPLF. The report fails to mention the negative impacts of the war on the economy as well as the loss of tens of thousands of human lives and the displacement of many more. The TPLF should be held internationally accountable for its actions in breach of its accession to international covenants and human rights instruments.
The author sums up the key challenges to include the development of the political culture of human rights, the solution to Ethiopia-Eritrea war, land rights, women�s rights, language and education, and economy. The report details the unfulfilled promises: broad based democratisation, as well as adversarial and defensive political positions rather than provision of constructive alternatives.
The recommendations of the report range from the dispensation of Eritrea-Ethiopia conflict, to international community�s response, the need for democratisation, pluralism, human rights, independence of the judiciary, and policies on education, health and housing to �ensure that the basic rights of the most marginalized and disadvantaged minorities are upheld�. Yet these are easier said than done.
It recommends to the government, the oppositions, and the international community to proceed on democratic path along the constitution. It mentions the presence of unfulfilled promises and that an inclusive and broad-based democratisation has failed to materialise. There is a political stalemate in Ethiopia due to mutual distrust between the government and opposition groups. It is yet to be seen if the TPLF government want to share power or give it to others. So far, there is no will on the part of the TPLF to build an all-inclusive democratisation process. The calls by different opposition parties for peaceful dialogue and peaceful political settlement have fallen on deaf ears. The issue is now changing the TPLF to tolerate opposition parties, respect democratic processes and observe rights, including the right for self-determination.
The other problem is changing the opposition political parties that echo old-fashioned Ethiopian polity in the name of unity to control and dominate political minorities. So far, there is no sign of change to accommodate new ways from these groups for a peaceful co-existence and mutual respect. The old notion of the ruling class versus subject is very much unwelcome nowadays and it will only prolong conflicts. The inclusion of the plights of oppressed groups and addressing their genuine problems are absent from the politics of the TPLF and old-style political groups. If this process of inclusion fails to materialise, peaceful co-existence and peaceful political development will not be possible. The �anti-peace�, �anti-Ethiopia�, �anti-democracy�, and �anti-unity� Abyssinian political rhetoric to control and dominate others is more destructive than constructive as are international groups that support them.
So far the TPLF proved itself to be neither democratic nor building democratic process. The TPLF regime is not signalling a real and meaningful change; it is heralding more of the same. The political process has not evidently undergone fundamental changes. Even more so, TPLF is gradually creeping back to the old-style than openness for free political competition. The rhetoric of federation and a token of self-determination are more of pretence than a reality.
The report holds a �mediator� perspective and therefore most of the recommendations emanate from impartial positions. It recognises the difficulty of such a stance where polarisation of polity and society is deep. While no one side of the problem will be satisfied with the analysis nor with the recommendations, the report will contribute to further international community�s understanding of Ethiopia. It makes a timely and informative reading. This is a superb report by a western scholar about the brief historical accounts of Ethiopian polity and the problems associated with democratising an empire state. The report is definitely a contribution towards our knowledge of the relations between people and the political rule in Ethiopia.
Seyoum Hameso and Tilahun Ayanou Nebo
This review article appears in The Sidama Concern Vol.5 No. 3, 2000 (pp.27-31)
Reference Style: The following is the suggested format for referencing this article:
� 2008 The Sidama Concern
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SILVER SPRING, Md (Reuters) - Eli Lilly & Co failed to win support from a U.S. advisory panel on Wednesday for what aims to be the first drug not made from pig enzymes to help certain pancreatic patients digest food.
In a 7-4 vote, a Food and Drug Administration panel of outside experts said they were not convinced the experimental medicine, known chemically as liprotamase, worked well enough for patients to absorb enough needed nutrients. One member of the panel abstained.
In particular, panelists raised concerns that liprotamase does not appear to work better than currently approved treatments derived from pigs.
Lilly's Alnara Pharmaceuticals Inc subsidiary is seeking FDA approval to market the drug to patients with pancreatic insufficiency due to various causes, such as cystic fibrosis, in order to help them digest food.
The FDA will weigh the panel's vote before making its final decision, although it usually follows its advisers' recommendations.
Even if approved, the drug is unlikely to be a big boost to Lilly's bottom line, but could help it offset a looming financial blow from generic rivals to other medicines coming off patent protection.
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The latest news, tips and recipes for people with diabetes.
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Yoga for Back Pain
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PLACES OF ORIGIN OF MISSISSIPPI'S INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS
The places of origin of international students attending universities and colleges in the US varies tremendously. America is often characterized as a nation of immigrants, and nowhere is that melting pot more evident than on the state's university and college campuses. The countries representing the highest number of international student in this state are shown below.
Leading Places of Origin for International Students in Mississippi:
India China South Korea
Worcester State College Graduate and Continuing Education Office Established in 1874, Worcester State College (the College) is a public, four-year, metropolitan academic institution serving the needs of over ...
Take a Virtual Tour of a featured
College in the USA
Campus e-tours allow students to view the facilities and student life at featured Universities, Community Colleges and ESL Schools in the USA, giving you the opportunity to see what the schools looks like, as well as facts about the campus, courses, etc. Once you’ve completed your tour you can read the in-depth profile to get more detailed information, or click the Request FREE Info link to request specific information such as scholarships and financial aid directly from that institution.
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Chancellor's Recent Speeches
Remarks by Charles B. Reed
Thank you, President Mitchell. And thank you, Pastor Alfred, for allowing me to join you here today.
Today and throughout February the California State University is celebrating Super Sunday.
This is an annual event in which all members of the California State University family including the trustees, presidents, the chancellor, and our staff visit African American churches across the state to promote the value of a college education.
This event coincides with a nationwide celebration of Black History Month, and it ties in with the CSU’s ongoing commitment to serve California’s African American students. I had a chance to meet and talk with some students here this morning, and it was a privilege to spend some time with them and hear about their hopes and dreams for the future.
This year, California and the nation are struggling to come to terms with an economic crisis that is lasting much longer than we had anticipated.
In fact, the State of California began 2011 with a budget gap much bigger than the year before.
We expect this to be one of the most difficult years, budget-wise, that we have ever experienced.
But I am here to tell you that the California State University's commitment to help African American students to prepare for college and obtain a university degree is stronger than ever.
One thing we know for sure is that the economic recovery in California will be driven by education. Our up-and-coming generations will need to be college educated to take the jobs that will emerge after the current economic crisis.
The unemployment figures for California clearly illustrate this point. Unemployment in California currently stands at 12 percent. But the unemployment rate varies dramatically according to educational attainment.
Californians without a high school diploma have an unemployment rate of 19 percent. But Californians with a bachelor's degree have unemployment of only 6 percent.
That is why we are here today asking grandparents, parents and mentors to push students to work harder in middle and high school.
Young people tend to achieve what's expected of them. They need to know that we expect them to use their school years preparing for college.
Today we will be handing out this poster at the end of the service. The information provided by this poster is essential for those who are going to make it to college. This poster shows you that to get to college students need to begin taking English in the 6th grade, Algebra in the 8th grade and Calculus in the 12th grade.
Early academic preparation is the key to getting to college.
This poster also will show you the names and locations of the 23 campuses of the California State University. There is at least one campus in each region of the state and there are multiple campuses in the metropolitan areas.
I promise you that if you choose to come to the CSU, you will find a location close to you.
There’s one more piece of information that I want to share with you today: The CSU is one of the most affordable university systems in the United States.
All students who have financial need also receive financial aid from the state and the federal government. This means that students whose families make less than $70,000 per year receive a combination of financial aid resources that practically allows them to attend the CSU for free.
High school seniors and college students planning to enroll in college next fall need to know that the deadline for submitting the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (called the FAFSA) is MARCH 2nd.
Please take a moment to visit our tables at the church entrance to receive the college poster and to meet our college representatives. They are ready to respond to your questions, give you useful website addresses and share resources that will help your students to get to college.
The California State University is a major asset of the state and it belongs to you.
Let's make sure that our children take advantage of everything that the CSU offers so that they can go on to succeed, and so that California can become the place it aspires to be.
Thank you very much.
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The Big Free – celebrating 10 years of free museum admission - Thursday, 1 December 2011
Three of Yorkshire’s major tourist attractions are celebrating the 10th anniversary of free admission to national museums today (December 1) by pledging, “We’re free and plan to stay that way” and by bringing three very different parts of their collections together to mark the occasion – a steam locomotive, a knight in full armour and an iPad!
The Royal Armouries, Leeds, The National Media Museum, Bradford, and the National Railway Museum, York, all play a central role in attracting people, school children and tourists to the region and say free admission is central to their long-term policy and provides a major boost to visitor numbers.
The Government introduced free admission to national museums in December 2001, as part of a key pledge to make the national heritage accessible to all and to boost the UK tourist industry.
Peter Armstrong, director at the Royal Armouries Museum in Leeds, said,
“It is absolutely right that people can visit national museums and see their country’s heritage as often as they like, without having to worry about admission charges…Our visitor numbers jumped by nearly 100,000 in the first year of free admission. Our visitors come from all walks of life – including thousands of families with children – and we pride ourselves on providing a great free day out, that’s both enjoyable and educational.”
Colin Philpott, director of the National Media Museum said,
“Free entry has contributed to our success over the last 28 years and helped us to become one of the most visited Museums outside London. Yorkshire’s national museums bring both cultural and economic benefits to the region and we are delighted to be celebrating free entry with the Royal Armouries and the National Railway Museum.”
Emma Farley, Marketing & PR Manager at the National Railway Museum, said,
“We are thrilled to say that in the past 10 years, just under 8million people have visited the National Railway Museum and enjoyed access to the National Collection for free. With our ever changing programme of free events and exhibitions, we hope to attract even more visitors over the next decade.”
The “Big Free” have seen significant boosts to their visitor numbers as follows:
The Royal Armouries in Leeds is Britain’s oldest museum and home to the national collection of arms, armour and artillery. The first national museum to move its HQ from London, the Royal Armouries also has UK sites at the White Tower, within the Tower of London, and at Fort Nelson in Hampshire. It’s also the first UK museum to have opened a permanent branch in the US.
The Leeds museum is a multi-million pound purpose-built building. It houses a large part of the national collection of arms and armour, and displays over 8,500 objects throughout its five themed galleries – War, Tournament, Self Defence, Hunting and Oriental. In the past 10 years, it has attracted approximately 2.8 million visitors. During the first year of free admission, numbers increased from 185,710 to nearly 281,000 – an increase approaching 100,000 in a single year. For more information, visit www.royalarmouries.org
The National Media Museum in Bradford, opened as the National Museum of Photography, Film & Television in 1983 with the remit to explore the art and science behind images and image-making, and has since become one of the most visited UK museums outside London. With the aim to be the best museum in the world for inspiring people to learn about, engage with and create media, it draws from more than 3.5 million objects in its National Photography, Television, Cinematography and New Media Collections to create special exhibitions, interactive galleries and activities for families and adults. It also organises three major film festivals each year – Bradford International Film Festival, Bradford Animation Festival and Fantastic Films Weekend, and is home to Europe’s first IMAX cinema screen.
It has always offered free admission and has attracted an average of 650,000 visitors per year over the past 10 years. For more information, visit www.nationalmediamuseum.org.uk
The National Railway Museum in York covers over 200 years of railway history and its collections include over 100 locomotives , some 250 items of rolling stock and thousands of other objects – from posters and tickets to uniforms and silverware. Visitors can enjoy a fun, family day out with plenty to do for the kids – including an action-packed annual programme of special events and exhibitions. Since the introduction of free admission, just under 8 million people have visited the National Railway Museum – with visitor numbers ranging from 650,000 to just over 900,000 a year. Prior to December 2001, visitor numbers averaged 450,000. For more information visit www.nrm.org.uk
The news that free admission has boosted visitor figures was welcomed by Gary Verity, chief executive of Welcome to Yorkshire.
He said, “This is excellent news for three of our major attractions. Yorkshire is bucking national tourism trends and moving forward into 2012 we are certain visitors will continue to be attracted by the rich variety of choice and excellent value our magnificent county provides.”
Notes to editors
For more information and the latest news about the Royal Armouries:
- Royal Armouries is the national museum of arms and armour and has sites in Leeds, HM Tower of London, Fort Nelson and Louisville, Kentucky. It is the first British national museum to open a permanent presence in another country
- Admission to the museum is free. However, there may be a small charge for some special events.
- Open all year daily, 10am-5pm. Closed 24-25 December
- Information Line: 0113 220 1999
- Website: www.royalarmouries.org
- The Royal Armouries Museum should not be confused with Royal Armouries International plc, the private sector corporate hospitality business.
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Stamford Through the Centuries - 1800's
Throughout the 1800s Stamford was still mostly a farming community, but as the century progressed the mills and factories became more and more important.
In 1801 New Canaan became a separate town, and was no longer part of Stamford.
In 1806 The Connecticut Turnpike Company wanted to build a toll road from Byram to Fairfield straight through the center of the village of Stamford. Many people were concerned because the planned route would divide the community burial ground. Even though there was disagreement about it, the road was built.
In 1820 The Town of Darien was established on territory that had been part of Stamford. Now, without Darien or New Canaan, Stamford was reduced to 37 square miles of land.
In 1825 the Stamford Steamboat Company introduced service to New York from Stamford.
In 1833 a ship canal was begun on the Rippowam River. The canal was dug along what is now Canal Street in Stamford.
The Advocate, our local newspaper, has been published since 1829. The Advocate is the oldest business operating continuously in Stamford.
In 1835 Stamford was a village, not the city it is today. It had 21 general stores, 12 shoemaker shops, four carpenter shops, three iron-rolling mills, two copper shops, a tinware factory, a water-powered gristmill, a tannery, a newspaper and print shop, a stove shop, a carriage maker, a silversmith, a millinery and hat-making shop, a bakery, a leather shop, three lumberyards, and a coal yard. Before 1840, the population of Stamford was less than 4,000.
In 1848 the first train stopped in Stamford, and in 1849 Stamford became a stop on the railroad line between New York City and New Haven, CT. Because of the railroad, many new people moved to Stamford.
By 1850, Stamford’s population was 5,000. The Irish began settling in Stamford and made up a large part of the population. They were the first immigrant group to come to Stamford. The Potato Famine in Ireland during this time caused many people to flee the country. Potatoes were a major part of the diet in Ireland, and when the potato crop failed many people were hungry. A large number left looking for a better life. The railroad allowed them to come to Stamford to work in the mills and factories.
By 1880 the population of Stamford reached 11,000, and Stamford was rapidly becoming industrialized.
In 1886 a second newspaper started publication in Stamford, called “The Stamford News”. You can no longer buy that newspaper today.
Starting in 1894, electrified trolleys were used for transportation around town. These trolleys ran through Stamford until 1933. All trolley lines met at Atlantic Square, the center of downtown life. For five cents passengers could ride to all areas of Stamford.
During the 1890s, the bicycle and horse-drawn trolleys were other popular and inexpensive transportation alternatives to the horse and carriage.
Many of Stamford’s municipal services began operating in the late 1800s. In 1871 the Stamford Water Company began piping water downtown. Sewers were built in the 1880s, and the first paved roads were built. Also in the 1880s a partly paid fire department replaced volunteer fire fighting groups. In 1882 The Ferguson Library opened its doors, and in 1896, Stamford Hospital was founded. 1893 marked the first year of the organized police department in Stamford.
This was one of Stamford’s first policemen, Charles Luther Alphonse.
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broadly defined as an ethic that recognizes the need to conserve and restore ecosystems for current and future generations of all species. Stewardship is not just a technique. It is a philosophy, and a commitment to act in an environmentally, socially and economically sustainable manner.
Stewardship exceeds legal obligations. It refers to a wide range of actions and activities of individuals, communities, groups and organizations acting alone or in partnership, to promote, monitor, conserve and restore ecosystems.
Read and Download our Strategic Plan for 2008-2011
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Noir is another word for “cool.” A particular kind—“dark” cool, “black” cool. A film noir is a cool movie that feels “dark.” From the early-to-mid-1940s to the mid-to-late-1950s Hollywood produced an unusually large number of movies that later critics have regarded as noir—this is the classic film noir era.
Readers who have waded through the endless debates over the definitions of noir and film noir should now be cheered—the definition of film noir really is as simple as that. What’s more, demystifying the terms help critics and noncritics alike. These definitions straightforwardly describe how noir and film noir are and have been most often used in ordinary parlance by film industry professionals, by movie journalists, and by movie lovers.
Scholars, of course, communicate something more specific with these words. Or do they? Few terms in the recent history of aesthetics have caused as much critical vexation. Indeed, the ceaseless academic efforts to define and redefine film noir have sufficiently distracted Webster’s—usually so good at describing language as it is actually used—that it offers as its sole definition of film noir a kind of averaged-out, lowest-common-denominator version of the multitude of critical interpretations.
Don’t be fooled. If you look closely, almost all scholarly definitions of film noir rest upon a basis of nothing more than personal taste, a varying mix of the scholar’s own and that of the many critics who have come before: The term noir primarily identifies a certain type of direct experience with a cultural artifact—one of stylish “darkness”. The verifiable elements of subject matter, of visual style, of narrative construction follow. This is how film noir has really worked as a term since it was first applied to the products of Hollywood.
In 1946 the periodical L’Écran français published “A New Detective Genre: The Criminal Adventure.” This article appears to be the first occasion in print in which film noir is used to describe a Hollywood movie. Here are the opening lines of Nino Frank’s seminal essay:
“Just a year ago, after a run of poor quality American movies, Hollywood was given up for dead. Today the summary conclusion is altogether different, for the appearance of a half-dozen good productions from California makes me consider—and write—that the American cinema is as worthy as ever. Our filmmakers are decidedly manic depressives. Seven of these new American films are marvelously wonderful."
So, in its very first association with Hollywood, film noir is attached to movies whose primary attribute is superior quality. Of the films he names, Frank is particularly interested in four, because they represent “the normal output from Hollywood.” They “belong to what used to be called the detective film genre”: Double Indemnity, Laura, The Maltese Falcon, and Murder, My Sweet. They feature not only “a dynamism derived from violent death and mysteries that must be solved”, but a new “verisimilitude of the characters” in which “action...matters less than faces, behaviors, words,” and “fragmented” narration as well. The films are characterized by an appealing assemblage of “dark” subject matter, style, and storytelling technique. An even more efficient summary is that Frank is asserting a brand of “cool.” The word is informal; it is also, in American English, the most precise.
Noir as a brand of cool—that‘s certainly how I made use of the term as a young movie junkie.
How come a nice guy like me is a critic obsessed with noir? Just lucky, I guess. And I mean it. I was predisposed, I’m certain, to become addicted to something and lucky enough to have a mother who didn’t think a five-year-old was too young to take to a revival screening of Rebecca. Among the darkest of Hollywood melodramas, Alfred Hitchcock’s first American directing job, Rebecca is the first movie I can recall seeing, perhaps the first I ever saw. Though that could have been The Red Baloon. In any event, I was hooked.
Growing up in New York in the 1970s, I saw a ton of movies, old and new, foreign and domestic. One thing I didn’t think too much about was genre: Westerns, as everyone knew, were tedious; musicals were fine so long as they had Fred Astaire in them; old horror movies were great but the new ones were way too gory—that was about it. At some point I came up with a whopper of an opinion: All the good movies were from Europe, or maybe Japan. I shared my revelation with Mom. She snorted. Go see The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, she said; it happened to be playing downtown at one of the city’s many revival houses. I did. It was very good; it was very dark; it starred Humphrey Bogart as a decent chap who becomes a raving paranoiac. How cool. Soon after, I chanced across Robert Mitchum in The Night of the Hunter, the coolest movie of all time. Where could I find more of that?
And so I became aware of film noir. A pocket universe of midcentury American movies, black-and-white but mostly black, moody, sexy, dark, cool. At some point I learned that neither Rebecca nor The Treasure of the Sierra Madre nor The Night of the Hunter were “officially” film noirs because they were not “crime films.” I didn‘t know the officials who made such decisions, but however grateful I was to them for helping introduce me to such wonderful movies as Criss Cross, The Set-Up, Roadblock, and Blast of Silence, I knew even early on that they were wrong, and uncool.
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In January, the University of Pennsylvania Press published The Roman Inquisition: A Papal Bureaucracy and Its Laws in the Age of Galileo, by Augustana College history professor Thomas F. Mayer. The publisher’s description follows:
While the Spanish Inquisition has laid the greatest claim to both scholarly attention and the popular imagination, the Roman Inquisition, established in 1542 and a key instrument of papal authority, was more powerful, important, and long-lived. Founded by Paul III and originally aimed to eradicate Protestant heresy, it followed medieval antecedents but went beyond them by becoming a highly articulated centralized organ directly dependent on the pope. By the late sixteenth century the Roman Inquisition had developed its own distinctive procedures, legal process, and personnel, the congregation of cardinals and a professional staff. Its legal process grew out of the technique of inquisitio formulated by Innocent III in the early thirteenth century, it became the most precocious papal bureaucracy on the road to the first “absolutist” state.
As Thomas F. Mayer demonstrates, the Inquisition underwent constant modification as it expanded. The new institution modeled its case management and other procedures on those of another medieval ancestor, the Roman supreme court, the Rota. With unparalleled attention to archival sources and detail, Mayer portrays a highly articulated corporate bureaucracy with the pope at its head. He profiles the Cardinal Inquisitors, including those who would play a major role in Galileo’s trials, and details their social and geographical origins, their education, economic status, earlier careers in the Church, and networks of patronage. At the point this study ends, circa 1640, Pope Urban VIII had made the Roman Inquisition his personal instrument and dominated it to a degree none of his predecessors had approached.
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Individuals with Asperger’s Need the Church to BE the Body of Christ
By Rev. Stephanie C. Holmes, M.A.
As I recall a time in my daughter’s life when she was not drawn toward the church or Christians, I wonder how others with Asperger’s Syndrome feel about the church, religion, and spirituality. I googled “Aspergers” and “Religion” to research Aspies’ thoughts about this matter. (Individuals with Asperger’s often refer to themselves as Aspies). To my surprise, there are hundreds of articles written about Aspies and religion. Psychology Today recently featured two articles on this very topic:
The reality of many Aspies’ experience with religious hypocrisy grieves me.
Aspies are known to be literal, black and white thinkers who want or need evidence or proof. Spiritual faith does not require proof. Many are known for great intelligence, and Aspies tend to value knowledge and perfection. Aspies are also known to have narrow interests and can obsess about topics of interest to them. How would these tendencies relate to an interest in spirituality? I found articles by Aspies who not only report a deep connection to Christianity, but to many other religions as well. However, many report rejecting faith, as well.
Aspies have the ability to grasp spiritual concepts and to develop a personal relationship with God, but relationships can be a challenge if not an enigma in the Aspie mind. Aspies are not known for their social skills, relationship building, or affect recognition, but I can tell you they are usually quite adept at detecting incongruencies between one’s stated beliefs and one’s actual behavior.
As I read articles by Christian Aspies, many have a black and white beliefs about God, the Bible, and what behaviors are acceptable and not. Some of them confess to being overly perfectionistic or legalistic in their faith, but their understanding of God and His Word is real. I can see this in my own daughter’s understanding of these matters. She too can be quite legalistic in her faith and get caught up in what Robert McGee’s Search for Significance calls “the performance trap.”
For example, she can become easily stressed if she receives money and forgets to tithe on it the very first Sunday she has the opportunity. She can raise money for missions and have a thought that she wished she had raised the money for herself and feel overly guilty for having a natural human thought. This is a wonderful teaching moment as I try to guide my daughter through her now teenage faith.
In her childhood she experienced some things that made her feel disconnected from church. When she was mistakenly expelled at the Christian school associated with our home church after being promised, “We are your church. We love you. We will never expel you,” she called the headmaster and staff pastor “a liar.” She screamed, “The church lies. He did not love me for who I was.” She carried bitterness and hurt from that experience for nearly four years. Thankfully, she remained tender toward God, but she had a negative feeling about “the church” as an institution. This is just one example of literal, black and white thinking.
I wish my daughter’s experience was an isolated incident. But, as I read articles about children and adult Aspies, many are quick to point out the hypocrisy in the church. It seems these individuals have paid attention to the sermons about how Christians are called to live and what the Bible calls sin. To individuals with Asperger’s, the biggest proof for the nonexistence of God is when they see people in the pew living double lives. For a black and white, literal, visual proof thinker, one negative interaction with a “Christian” can cause them to write off spirituality all together.
In my review of what Aspies have written about spirituality and religion, it seems the most common stumbling block is a negative experience with Christians. Aspies usually want to have contact and relationships with others. However, they lack many of the social skills required to keep such a relationship. Many individuals with Asperger’s believe that, since their schools, jobs or peers had rejected them or made fun of them, surely the church will be a place to find solace and understanding. After all, the Bible commands us to love God, to love people and to follow the golden rule. This sounds like a welcome refuge to individuals who are often socially rejected, misunderstood and ostracized. But too many times, Aspies experience the same rejection in the church.
This reported rejection by their peers and places of ’refuge” could explain the research that reports that, by the age of 13, nearly 50-60% of Aspies have contemplated suicide. This is double the national norm of “non-Asperger” teens. Research shows that the rate of suicides among Aspies is on the rise. When Aspies are asked why they contemplate suicide, the most common response is the pain of isolation and rejection.
Jesus said in John 13:35, “Your love for another will prove you are My disciples.” For an Aspie, this could quite literally mean a meaningful relationship with God and other believers, or rejection of God and disconnection with His people. Sadly, it could be a life and death decision. The stakes are high.
Will we be the Church? Will we reach out to individuals with Asperger’s and seek to understand them? Or will we reject them because of their odd behaviors and our own discomfort interacting with them? As counselors and ministers, we must take the lead in living out the Gospel in such a way that we offer hope, acceptance and safe relationships to those who are different from us, including those with Asperger’s.
If you’re interested in learning how to work effectively with children and adults who have Asperger’s or Autism Spectrum Disorders, don’t miss tonight’s CounselTalk Webinar—Learning to Thrive: Navigating the Challenges of Asperger’s Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Stephanie Holmes will be joining us live at the AACC studios from 6-8pm, ET!
Click here to register! And remember, if you’re an AACC member, it’s free!
Stephanie C. Holmes, M.A., is an ordained minister and Licensed Christian Counselor with the Board of Examiners for Georgia Christian Counselors and Therapists and was formerly an LPC in North Carolina. She is a Board Certified Christian Counselor through the AACC’s Board of Christian Professional and Pastoral Counselors. Stephanie’s career path changed when her oldest daughter was diagnosed with Asperger’s Syndrome in 2004. She began to change her focus to the world of IEPs and 504 educational plans and understand how to help special needs students in the classroom. In addition, she also helps families deal with their frustrations and challenges having a special needs child. Stephanie practices counseling at her home church, Calvary Atlanta, and advocates for special needs families.
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Large, adjacent walls in the new Lewis Science Library are painted in such colors as bright blue, orange and chartreuse. An area on the first level called "the street" is paved with rose-colored limestone. Under construction since 2004, the 87,000-square-foot facility is slated to be completed this spring. Offices will move in over the summer, and the building will be fully operational in the fall.
At left: The main entrance to the building is on the first level off Ivy Lane. Patrons will cross the threshold into a multi-story atrium. Although not evident in this picture, Fine Tower (at right) is about twice the height of the new library tower.
A star-shaped opening between the first and second floors is one unique design element of the new library.
At left: The center tower is flanked by a two-story wing along Washington Road that is part of the library and a three-story wing along Ivy Lane that houses the Education Technologies Center, New Media Center, Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering and OIT's computational science and engineering support group.
Below left: Glass, steel and stucco come together to create some fascinating sight lines and patterns in the building.
Below right: The library starts below grade on the A level with a room containing compact stacks. This room will connect with the current library in Fine Hall, which will be incorporated into the complex and known as the Lewis Science Library Fine Hall Wing.
Bottom left: Glass walls project from the ceiling to create an enclosed area surrounded by the atrium.
Bottom right: The exterior of the building, composed of stainless steel, light-colored brick, glass and stucco, is distinguished by its bold, curved roofline and center tower that rises to a height of 103 feet.
Photos: Brian Wilson
The science of architecture: Gehry building to provide distinctive home for Lewis library
Posted April 17, 2008; 12:32 p.m.
Those who have watched its bold, curved stainless steel roofline emerge on the corner of Washington Road and Ivy Lane no doubt believe the Lewis Science Library designed by Frank Gehry will have a distinctive exterior look.
A recent tour of the building's yet unfinished rooms and halls shows an interior to match: glass walls jut down from the ceiling to create an enclosed area surrounded by an atrium; an opening between two floors appears in the shape of a star; large, adjacent walls are painted in such colors as bright blue, orange and chartreuse.
Construction of the 87,000-square-foot facility began in 2004 and is slated to be completed this spring. Offices will move in over the summer, and the building will be fully operational in the fall, according to Henry Thomas, project manager in the Office of Design and Construction. The dedication is planned for Thursday, Nov. 20.
The library initially will house the astrophysics, biology, chemistry, geosciences, mathematics, physics and statistics collections, the map collection and the digital map and geospatial information center. It will occupy primarily the four-level tower and the A level below grade as well as a two-story wing along Washington Road.
The rest of the facility, mainly in a three-story wing along Ivy Lane, will be home to two of Princeton's principal instructional technology support groups in the Office of Information Technology (OIT): the Education Technologies Center and the New Media Center. In addition, it will house a new Broadcast Center operated by OIT and the Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering, as well as OIT's computational science and engineering support group.
The building is named for Peter Lewis, a 1955 alumnus, University trustee and chairman of the board of the Progressive Corp. In 2001 he announced that he was making a gift of $60 million to support the construction and the programs of a new science library at Princeton. Gehry, known worldwide for his postmodernist work, has received the Pritzker Prize, the highest award in architecture.
"From the time that the College of New Jersey [as Princeton was then known] hired Benjamin Latrobe, our country's first professional architect, to rebuild Nassau Hall after its first fire [in 1802], Princeton has been commissioning leading architects in the U.S. and now the world to design buildings that are an integral part of the architectural history of America," said Jon Hlafter, University architect emeritus. "Having a building by Frank Gehry on the campus is a fitting continuation of that legacy."
The Princeton library's exterior is composed of stainless steel, light-colored brick, glass and stucco. The steel arrived here on coils and was converted to formed panels by local sheet metal fabricators. It has an embossed surface that dulls the finish and diffuses the light. The roofline rises to 103 feet, about half the height of nearby Fine Tower.
The main entrance to the building is on the first level off Ivy Lane. Patrons will enter an area called "the street" that is paved with rose-colored limestone and that features the multi-story atrium. The entrance to the library section of the building is on the first floor off the atrium.
The library is designed to meet the needs of students, faculty and staff better than the previous patchwork of small, discipline-specific science libraries located throughout campus. Stacks on the A level of the new library will connect with the current library in Fine Hall, which will be incorporated into the complex and known as the Lewis Science Library Fine Hall Wing. The astrophysics collection moved into Fine Hall from Peyton Hall in early April. The chemistry library collection will join the Lewis collection this summer, and the psychology collection will be incorporated when that department moves in the future from Green Hall into new quarters south of the Icahn Laboratory.
"We view it as an integrated science library so there's one periodical collection, one reserve," said Dorothy Pearson, associate University librarian for administrative services. "One advantage is that the sciences are becoming more and more interdisciplinary."
Patricia Gaspari-Bridges, head of science and technology libraries, said that in addition to providing an interdisciplinary approach to research, the new library represents a more organized and effective way to manage resources, information and library services.
"The users will have one place to look," said Gaspari-Bridges, who will oversee the new library. "The journals will be in title order, the monographs will be in call number order. We're not going to maintain separate collections. It gives us an opportunity for a more efficient way to shelve the collection and manage the collection. We won't need duplicate subscriptions to journals such as Nature and Scientific American."
From the ground up
Starting from the A level, the room containing the compact stacks also will provide user tables and a small group of carrels. A corridor on that floor will connect the library with the Brush Gallery of Fine Hall. The digital map and geospatial information center will be located in the Fine Hall Wing. Across the hall from the stacks in the library will be the Broadcast Center, which will include a complete video and audio studio that will be available to faculty and students.
The first floor entrance to the library off the atrium will feature a large information desk designed by Gehry with his signature curves. There will be a few stacks containing the library's primary reference collection and new book collection, along with tables and seating. There also will be a tech room with a few computers, a scanner and graphics software to enable patrons to get started on projects. In addition, librarian offices and a workroom will be on this floor.
Two bowl-type classrooms -- one seating about 75 and the other about 50 -- will be located outside the confines of the library on this floor. The wing of the building near Ivy Lane will house the New Media Center, which will be moving from 87 Prospect Ave. The center will more than double its current floor space for workstations that support state-of-the-art software and hardware for creating and manipulating digital objects, such as images and movies.
On the second floor, the library extends out of the tower into the glass-enclosed area that overlooks the atrium. Unbound periodicals will be shelved in this section, including around the star-shaped opening to the floor below. There will be tables and chairs for patrons.
A large room near Washington Road, dubbed "the treehouse" by the architect, will be used for a reading area, with tables and comfortable chairs. With its sizeable canopied windows and clerestories, the space feels like a secret hideaway, perfect for spending a few hours with a good book. The room also may be used on rare occasions for special events.
This floor also includes an electronic classroom and library seminar room. "This will be a big technological improvement, giving us the opportunity to do more with our instructional program," said Gaspari-Bridges. The library regularly runs programs for patrons and staff on such topics as new databases and evaluating Web resources.
Finishing out the library space on the second floor will be a workroom, librarian offices, a copy center and a conference room for staff.
On the second floor of the wing near Ivy Lane will be the Educational Technologies Center, which will move from the Frist Campus Center. The location close to the New Media Center will allow for greater collaboration and integration between its team of Web designers and programmers and the faculty who are increasingly dependent on their services, according to Serge Goldstein, associate chief information officer and director of academic services in OIT.
The third floor of the Ivy Lane wing will house the Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering, located in Peyton Hall, and OIT's computational science and engineering support group. These two entities collaborate in supporting a set of research computers and storage and communication devices that have put Princeton at the forefront of institutions that are leveraging high-performance computing to address fundamental problems in science and engineering.
A number of the machines currently housed at 87 Prospect (collectively referred to as the "TIGRESS" facility) will move to the library, freeing up space to support additional operational and research machines. The library also contains space that is expected to be dedicated to the use of visualization technology to help researchers from all parts of the University (including the social sciences and other areas such as architecture) to render, analyze and display data generated by the TIGRESS facility or other sources of high-end visual data.
Back in the tower, the third and fourth floors are intended solely for library patrons. They will contain small classrooms, group study rooms, small computer clusters, carrels and soft seating.
"One of the things the science graduate students mentioned to us in meeting with them was that they would really like a very quiet space with no cell phones, no noise," said Gaspari-Bridges. "This will be the quietest space in the library."
The fourth floor also offers some magnificent views of the Ivy Lane wing's stainless steel roofs below and the campus beyond.
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Transfer Articulation refers to the process by which Winthrop University compares the content of courses that are completed and transferred from another institution. The evaluation of transfer credit is conducted by the Student Services offices in the College of Arts and Sciences, College of Business Administration, the Richard W. Riley College of Education, and the College of Visual and Performing Arts.
Transfer Articulation Tools
The purpose of the Transfer Articulation Tools is to facilitate the educational progress of students by eliminating duplication of degree requirements where possible. The following tools will serve as the basis for guiding students as they develop their academic plans.
to create your student account and obtain comprehensive information about transferring to or from participating South Carolina colleges and universities.
The Transfer Articulation table is accessible in Portable Document Format (PDF). In order to download and view the files, you need the free Adobe Acrobat Reader. To obtain the Acrobat Reader software, please visit Adobe's web site.)
The Statewide Articulation Agreement of 86 courses approved by the South Carolina Commission on Higher Education for Transfer from two- to four-year institutions will be applicable to all public institutions, including two-year institutions and institutions within the same system. Click here to access these courses.
Winthrop University has formal transfer agreements with the following institution.
York Technical College
Students can view all of Winthrop University’s Transfer Agreements as well as transfer course equivalencies for all South Carolina institutions. Click here to view these agreements.
Click Here for more information on Transfer Admission Requirements
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by R. Peter Broughton and R.A. Rosenfeld
INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
There is no shortage of sources on the historic role of the transits in determining the distance from the Sun to the Earth (which is now called the astronomical unit, or AU) and its related measure, the solar parallax, defined as the Earth's equatorial radius/AU, whose modern value is about 8.794" (arc-seconds). A comprehensive bibliography, including references to Canadian articles not cited here, can be found at: http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/venus/venustransitbib.htm.
The first recorded appearance of Venus on the Sun occurred in 1639 and it was observed by only two people, Jeremiah Horrox and his friend William Crabtree, near Liverpool, England. Horrox did attempt to use his observations to calculate the distance to the Sun, but his method had nothing to do with parallax. James Gregory was apparently the first to suggest, in 1663 (translation), that the Earth-Sun distance could be found using the parallax of Venus as seen during transits. Edmond Halley, however, is usually credited with the method, since he developed it mathematically in 1691. The parallax of the Sun can be calculated from the shift in the position of Venus as seen from locations on the Earth as far apart as possible. Since Venus appears to cross the Sun at a known rate on parallel chords bb1 and aa1 (Figure 1) as seen from locations B and A on Earth, and since the angular radius of the Sun is known (or can be measured), the angular distance between the chords bb1 and aa1 can be easily deduced from the difference between the duration of the transit as seen by two observers. Since the relative distances of Venus and Earth from the Sun are known from Kepler's third law, similar triangles, and the known distance between A and B can be used to find the actual distance gp on the Sun. So with gp known both in angular and linear measure, it is a straightforward matter to find the distance from the Earth to the Sun. While this is an oversimplified explanation, it is sufficient for understanding which measurements were required, and why. In order to make the separation gp appear as large as possible, A and B should be widely separated. For this reason, astronomers often had to travel great distances to remote sites. Their efforts were early examples of international co-operation (and to some extent, competition) on scientific missions.
When Halley first published his proposal in 1691, he did not understand the regression of the nodes of Venus' orbit well enough to make accurate long-term predictions (the "regression of nodes" is a westward drift of the orbital nodes caused by the gravitational influence of other bodies). Halley correctly recognized that the next three transits would occur in 1761, 1769 and 1874, but he missed the transit of 1882, and anticipated the next pair by eight years, giving 1996 and 2004, rather than 2004 and 2012.
ACCURACY OF THE OBSERVED TIMES OF CONTACT
There have been only four transits of Venus observed in Canada—those of 1761, 1769, 1882, 2004—and only eight sets of observations from the first three which were used in parallax determinations. They are listed in Table 1.
The longitude and latitude of each place are taken from modern topographic maps. The telescope used in each case is described by three numbers: D, the diameter in cm; f, the focal length in cm; and P, the magnifying power. All the eighteenth-century observers used Gregorian reflectors except Samuel Holland, who used an achromatic refractor by Dolland. The "professional" nineteenth century observers all used refractors (some amateurs employed reflectors). The principal observer at each location is listed first in boldface type. The contacts are numbered 1 (external ingress), 2 (internal ingress), 3 (internal egress), and 4 (external egress). The observed times are local apparent time for the eighteenth-century transits, and local mean time for the 1882 transit. Using topocentric apparent right ascension and declination produced by an online ephemeris generator, the calculated times of contact have been found when the separation of the centres of the Sun and Venus are equal to the sum and difference of their angular radii. The difference between the observed and calculated times is shown in seconds. In interpreting the accuracy of the observations, it should be borne in mind that the duration of the transit (between second and third contact) was the figure that was used in comparison with the duration at other sites to calculate the parallax by Halleian method (named after Edmond Halley). As an aside, it is remarkable that the duration was in error by only 8 seconds as timed by both Dymond and Wales. Observations of only one contact were sufficient for the rival Delislean method (named after Halley's friend the astronomer Joseph-Nicolas Delisle), but it required the longitude to be known with greater accuracy.
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Sidebar Site Navigation
Martian Climate Focus of UW Talk Wednesday
April 27, 2010 — Climate implications resulting from recent satellite images of the Martian surface will be the focus of a talk Wednesday, April 28, at 3 p.m. in Room 129 of the University of Wyoming Classroom Building.
Fred Ogden, UW's Cline Distinguished Chair of Engineering, Environment and Natural Resources, will be the speaker. He says recent satellite images of the Martian surface offer tantalizing clues of relatively recent flows of liquid water inside craters.
"However, current climatic conditions there seem to make this extremely unlikely, leading some to propose that hypersaline groundwater or geothermal heat are possible drivers," says Ogden. "The Antarctic dry valleys (ADVs) are a close mimic for Martian conditions."
Ogden spent 12-days in the field in the ADVs in January, making observations and collecting data on cold-regions' runoff generation processes. Wednesday's presentation will focus on the factors required to produce runoff in Antarctica, similarities, and dissimilarities between the ADVs and the Martian surface.
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Serum concentrations of serum amyloid A protein, the high-density-lipoprotein-associated tissue amyloid A precursor, were determined in 29 diabetic patients receiving insulin by subcutaneous injection and in 50 receiving subcutaneous infusion pump therapy. Insulin delivered by continuous subcutaneous pumps stimulated serum amyloid A production to levels nearly six times those in normal subjects, nearly twice as much as insulin given by subcutaneous injection. 85% of patients with serum amyloid A levels ≽104 ng/ml were being treated with insulin pump therapy. The relation between insulin aggregation and amyloid A in diabetes was evaluated in 1 patient; treatment with syringe-aggregated insulin resulted in a nearly 300% increase in serum amyloid A levels. The use of high-potency non-aggregating insulins in the pump treatment of type I diabetic patients may be necessary for optimum therapy.
a Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Rockefeller University , New York, U.S.A.,
b Department of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts , U.S.A.
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Summary: First Edition 150,000 copies! Over 200 different flowers you grow from bulbs get the world-famous flower doctor's treatment. See which are best for indoor growing and which are best outdoors, with a plan so you'll enjoy colorful blooms all year-round--from Amaryllis, Begonia, Crocus, and Dahlia, through Irises, Lilies, Narcissus, Tulip, and Zephyranthes. All 200 bulb types come with full-color photos of the plants in season, close-up color illustrations of bulb parts ...show more, and tips on planting times, sites, soils, and propagation techniques. Learn how to plant, feed, and water each type, and what's needed for after- flowering care, winter protection, staking, and storage. The full range of interests is covered: increasing your stock, using bulbs in beds and borders, naturalizing bulbs, growing bulbs in containers, in the rockery, and in the greenhouse. A special section shows how to display and care for cut flowers from bulbs. Troubleshooting charts explain how to keep everything alive and flourishing. ...show lessEdition/Copyright: 96
More prices and sellers below.
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We were wandering around the Junction Flea a few weeks ago when I stumbled into what appears to be a wire jar lifter (used to pull bottles out of a waterbath):
It was labelled as a wine bottle lifter (and perhaps it is) but I can’t see how – or why – this would help someone lift a wine bottle. It might be a little difficult to imagine using the piece of wire pictured above to lift anything at all until you see what happens when you separate the two wires at the top (pictured on the right of the photo):
This tool could easily be used to grasp a canning jar around the neck (i.e. not a wide-mouthed jar) and remove it from water. It’s relatively stable and has its own unique esthetic. It’s biggest disadvantage is that it’s 100% metal which likely means the handle will transfer heat from the boiling water and into your hands. Although this could be mitigated with a good pair of oven mitts, this would make the thin pieces of wire difficult to use.
I think this one is best left for the shelf but was hoping you might enjoy seeing it. Do you collect any old canning equipment or jars?
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What do you do
This is one of my least favorite questions when meeting someone new. What do you do? People are expecting a simple answer: I’m a nurse. I’m a doctor. I’m a secretary. I work for company X.
I’ve discovered that answering with “whatever I want” either elicits laughs or condemnation. Sometimes I say that I work from home and wait to see if the questioner actually wants more information. If I’m feeling conversational I say I’m a writer and editor who teaches classes at a local college. Usually though, the question peeves me and I say that most days I stay in my PJs until noon and then I contemplate a shower and going out for a latte.
Of course, some are going to tell me that I’m supposed to have my 30-second speech that tells people who I am, what I do, and why they should open their wallets and hand their money to me. Gag. I even know a lovely woman who teaches people how to do just that. Her speech must be working well because folks are lining up to hand her their money.
The question annoys me because no person can be reduced to a 30-second soundbite about what they do. I recently spent a morning with several ladies whom I had never met, and I learned much about each of them. I did not ask any of them what they did. I still don’t know what they do. I do know about their children, travels, hopes, desires and worries. We shared life stories, both funny and tragic. We learned to respect and cherish each other’s humanity–our occupations were of no importance.
I can’t tell anyone in 30 seconds what I do. Which part of my day do they want to know about? The reading, researching and journaling part? The writing for clients part? The writing my book part? The gardening part? The answering curious questions from LivePerson part? The teaching part? The editing part? The corresponding with like-minded folks part? The caring for critters part? The social commentary and criticism part? The prayer and reflection part?
I can’t tell you what I do. But I can invite you to share in a conversation that gradually reveals who I am.
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Broadcaster John Schad Tests Emmetsburg, Iowa's Political Waters with His Novel Cess Poll
"It was just one of those brainstorms," says Cess Poll founder John Schad, 40, who owns radio station KEMB-FM. On caucus day, Schad, broadcasting from a remote hookup at the town's water tower, announces the names of Presidential contenders and asks listeners to flush for their favorite. After each name is read Schad checks to see how much water has flowed from the tower. At five gallons a flush, the water drops approximately an inch for every 135 votes cast. There is, of course, some inadvertent voting, but for the most part, says Schad, "it's been a pretty good indicator." The Cess Poll correctly predicted that Iowa, in the 1980 Democratic caucus, would pick Jimmy Carter over Ted Kennedy roughly 2 to 1.
The fact that Emmetsburg is the seat of Iowa's bellwether Palo Alto county, which has voted for the winner in every Presidential election since 1896, only adds to the Cess Poll's aura. Alas, this year's poll, which focused on the Democratic candidates, yielded only so-so results: Walter Mondale finished first, followed by John Glenn, Gary Hart, George McGovern and Jesse Jackson (tied), and Alan Cranston and Ernest Hollings (tied). Askew's supporters were too few to measure. The real caucus results were: Mondale, Hart, McGovern, Cranston, Glenn, Askew, Jackson and Hollings.
A Mondale press aide called the Cess Poll results "wonderful," and even Glenn's camp found some cause for optimism. "See," said Glenn aide Debra Phillips, "we haven't gone down the drain like everybody said."
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by I. Alexander Olchowski
Grounded in the bedrock love of Ed and Susan Brown, The Farmer begins where it ends, on a small family farm in upstate New York. The couple’s two boys grow up to be opposite men. Marvin is a lawyer. Jack lives at home and works the farm with his father. After Marvin returns to open a practice in town, Jack is forced to leave the only world he’s ever known. He is gone for five years, hopping freight trains and bonding with wolves. When he finally makes it back home, many things have changed. The story is a symphony, equal parts joy and grief, generations bound together by the rhythm of seasons, and the gravity of land.
I. Alexander Olchowski graduated with honors from Marlboro College. He lives in a farmhouse in upstate New York. The Farmer is his fourth novel.
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Dr. Fuhrman will tell, MOST of America’s health problems can be directly tied to our love affair with meat and dairy products. When in reality, fruits and vegetables are the SOLUTION!
Animal products sack our health and they INFLATE our grocery bill. Maggie Vink of That’sFit realized she could save A LOT of money by cutting back on the meat in her family’s diet.
An added perk to eating less animal foods is the environmental benefit. Fruits and vegetables require FAR LESS resources to produce than animal products. Oh, and CalorieLab also suggests trimming meat!
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When I first thought of reaching out to Japan I imagined there must be a way for reusing clothing to help. One of my favorite hobbies is to take unused old things and make them animated again. I know the Help Japan effort initiated through Design 21 SDN and in partnership with UNESCO is the place to kindle my desire to use sewing and recycling to help Japan grow again.
I immediately pictured a heart speaking to another heart from across the globe when I pondered the “sentiment, we are with you”. I thought of how how the power of thinking positively is so important when being part of a resolution. Positive thought is taught actively in Japanese culture such as in karmic practice and highly regarded systems of collectivity as well. Effectively Japan proves that treating each other with respect and justly is not to only be perceptually polite but implements kindness as a way to sustain peaceful life. I remembered a strong symbol, the Variant flag of Japan, with energetic rays protruding an offset circle. The Variant flag has a feel like freedom rays are coming from it and I wanted to use that energy in my piece. I took a heart and rays to communicate “you are getting vibrations from the heart”, It also symbolizes Japan quite literally by using elements from their flag. I then visited the thrift stores locally and recycled materials into a patch that can be multipurpose. I believe this process is a good one for a disaster relief because it is resourceful and emanates change with good will from the heart.
The fashion inspiration comes from Japan as a place where fashion and individually can be fun and inclusive. The Heart Ray Patch fits all styles of people and unites any cultural background using love. The patch has a loop in the back so it can be attached in many ways. The usual way patches are worn is on jeans, backpacks, sewn to a favorite shirt or jacket and there are non usual ways too: on belt loops, purse straps, as a hair accessory, on a bike or car, in a bouquet at a business in rock gardens or on a door. It is very soft and when you touch it, it immediately brings affection and caring thoughtfulness to Japan.
Thank you for your consideration,
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GarcherLancelot wrote:I have seen quite an amount of Islamic miracles and worries me quite a bit ,for example:
I really want to know why does it worry you?
This is nonsense.
Why is this nonsense?
Because what is being presented is merely a combination of appearances,
and these appearances merely remind people of other appearances,
things that people have just made up.
For example, in these photos, there is some shape.
All it is is a shape.
To people who read Arabic, I am guessing that this shape vaguely resembles some kind of Arabic writing.
Writing is just something that people made up.
and since the concept of "miracle" is introduced, I am going to guess that this writing spells "Allah" or something.
But I don't know, and it really doesn't matter.
It could look like the Arabic word for pizza. Whatever.
Look at the second picture, some kind of plant. maybe a cactus. From this angle, the branches resemble that Arabic writing shape. But if you take the picture from a different angle, that will not happen.
There is a box of what...sand? salt? and a melon in which some Arabic writing has been carved. You can do that with any kind of melon, squash, or pumpkin. It is a kind of scarring.
I can't tell what the rest of the stuff is. Half of a tomato?
If you cut an apple in half horizontally, there appears to be a five-pointed start shape.
But this is only a projection of the mind. It is only because we already have some notion of a five pointed star that this occurs. There isn't really a five-pointed star shape. there is only a grouping of seed areas.
The 'star' you see is just the play of the imagination. That's all these 'miracles' are.
In some religions, the cross shape "+" is sacred. Now, tell me, how many examples can you find, of two lines intersecting this way? Is every four-way street intersection miraculous?
Consider the arrow symbol, used to point one in a particular direction, "ONE WAY" and so forth. This is very interesting, because if you had lived in a culture that had never used arrows, but maybe just used clubs or boomerangs or something in order to hunt animals, seeing an arrow a sign would mean nothing. The meaning is just something that somebody made up. And when you think about it, does it really make sense that you should look in the direction of where the arrow is pointing? Why not go in the direction of the source of the arrow, from where it was shot, which is in the opposite direction?
The same thing can be said of star constellations. From the Earth, we see the Big Dipper ,the Little Dipper, and so on, as though they were dots on a flat chalkboard. But in fact, these appearances only occur from our point of view. If you see the same stars from some other point in the galaxy, they would not have that "constellation" shape at all. That's why astrology based on these apparent groupings of stars is bogus. They aren't really arranged in those shapes.
The circle is a sacred shape to many people. How many circle-shaped miracles can you find in the world?
In some religions, people will not spell out "God". They write "G-d" as though replacing the "o", which is merely a symbol for the vowel sound, replacing that with "-" makes a difference. It is still just a graphic symbol of that vowel sound. In fact, maybe "-" is really just "o" but it fell over, and we are seeing it from its side. "-" is just as much "o" as "o" is. and
"- - - " is "o" in Morse Code.
I can't believe people still fall for this crap.
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Dedicated a hundred-and-thirty-six years ago, the Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Saint Nicholas on the corner of Forty-eight Street & Fifth Avenue (photographed above by Berenice Abbott) was for many years regarded as the most eminent Protestant church in New York. The Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church is the oldest corporate body in what is now the United States, having been founded at the bottom of Manhattan in 1628 and receiving its royal charter from William & Mary in 1696. Now part of the Reformed Church of America, the Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church is actually a denomination within a denomination, and the remaining Collegiate Churches of New York tend to preach a sort of “Christianity Lite”. (The famous Norman Vincent Peale, author of The Power of Positive Thinking and one of the paragons of the “finding a religion that doesn’t interfere with your lifestyle” school of thought, was the pastor of Marble Collegiate Church at Twenty-ninth & Fifth, where Donald Trump is a member of the congregation).
The first regular Calvinist services were held in the loft a grist-mill not long after the foundation of New Amsterdam in 1624. In 1633, Dominie Everardus Bogardus arrived from the Netherlands and built a small wooden church on Broad Street between Bridge and Pearl streets (across from where Fraunces Tavern now stands). This was replaced by stone church of St. Nicholas built inside Fort Amsterdam in 1642 (destroyed by fire in 1741). In 1693, the Dutch congregation moved to a peach orchard on Garden Street (now Exchange Place) where they built a church “by far the most substantial and the finest yet built in Manhattan”. The coats of arms of the church elders (and perhaps of other prominent families) were burnt into the glass windows by Gerardus Duycknick (father of the artist of the same name), and heraldic paintings may have decorate the walls as well. A year later, the members of the congregation sent silver coins to Amsterdam for the casting of a baptismal bowl which was used well into the late nineteenth century. (I wonder where this bowl is now?).
In 1729, the Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church erected a second congregation on Nassau Street between Cedar and Crown streets (Crown was renamed Liberty Street after New York became an independent republic in 1783). The bell of the Middle Dutch Church was donated by Col. Abraham de Peyster. North Dutch Church followed in 1769, and Middle Church moved to Lafayette Place in 1844 after their old church was leased to the federal government for use as a post office because of its spaciousness. (Supposedly the king’s army had temporarily converted the building a riding school for the Dragoons during the Revolution). The de Peyster bell was moved from Middle to St. Nicholas after it was dedicated in 1872.
The land on which the Church of St. Nicholas stands was purchased from Columbia University in 1857, but it was many years before construction commenced. A lecture room opened for worship services on Christmas Day in 1866, and the cornerstone of the church was finally laid in July 1869. St. Nicholas was the largest of the Collegiate churches and its location on Fifth Avenue attracted many of the well-to-do families of the neighborhood, both of Dutch ancestry and otherwise. (In fact, a letter to the editor of The New York Times was published in May 1896 complaining that, while “there was nothing spared” in the celebrations of the two-hundredth anniversary of the royal charter, “none of the speakers of that evening was in a direct line a descendant from Holland, but rather from France and other foreign countries”). The church was completed in a lively gothic style in a humble Newark sandstone, and with a playfully steeple of exaggerated size. While the presbyterian nature of its Reformed Calvinist polity allows no bishops, because of its scale, social prominence, and location, St. Nicholas was often thought of as “the Protestant Cathedral of New York”.
Regrettably, financial mismanagement forced the Church of St. Nicholas to close its doors in 1947 and the Dutch cathedral of New York demolished in 1949. Just as the independence of India in 1947 presaged the collapse of the British Empire throughout the remainder of the twentieth century, so did the destruction of Saint Nicholas presage the dissolution of the old order in New York. An office building for Sinclair Oil, rather bland yet relatively inoffensive, was constructed in its place and remains there today.
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Debate about addition of sodium fluoride to Mount Pleasant water continues
Editor’s note: This is the second in a series about fluoride in the water of Mount Pleasant.
The Mount Pleasant City Commission’s decision to temporarily reduce the amount of sodium fluoride added to the municipal water supply has not gone without controversy.
Some of the commissioners themselves disagree with the decision.
“I think when the people voted to put fluoride in the water, they wanted it in a proportion that will reduce tooth decay,” Vice Mayor Bruce Kilmer said. “I think we should take it back to a vote of the people and not (reduce fluoride levels) on our own.”
However, Commissioner Kathleen Ling, head of the Fluoride Task Force that made the recommendation to the commission, emphasized the commission’s decision was within the boundaries of the 2005 fluoride ballot language.
The 2005 ballot language regarding fluoride levels states, “the Commission by resolution shall have the authority, from time to time, to change the proportions thereof.”
Ling said she assumes the amount of fluoride added to the water supply will be temporarily reduced from 0.7 parts per million, or milligrams per liter, to somewhere between 0.4 and 0.5 ppm. Mount Pleasant’s natural occurrence of fluoride in the water is 0.4 ppm.
Water fluoridation has been a hotly contested issue for the city commission and Mount Pleasant voters for years, Ling said.
In 1997, voters decided to continue adding sodium fluoride to the water supply.
In 2003, a petition circulated requesting the city commission change the way the water plant operates. However, the commission refused to include the proposal on the 2003 ballot because the petitioned language, if voted in, would have violated state and federal regulations by preventing the addition of required compounds used to render water safe and clean.
The petitioners took the City to Circuit Court, where the judge ruled the ballot language could be revised and placed on the ballot in 2004.
Fluoride supporters felt the ballot language was not precise on the 2004 ballot, but the ballot passed, stating any substances added to municipal water must first be approved by the Federal Food and Drug Administration, which has not approved sodium fluoride for ingestion.
“The people who supported fluoride felt the 2004 ballot proposal did not make it clear that people were banning fluoride,” Ling said.
As a result, another petition was formed in 2005 forcing the fluoride issue back to the ballot, this time to put fluoride back in the water.
The 2005 fluoride vote passed, requiring the total amount of fluoride in the municipal water to equal 1 ppm, which falls within the American Dental Association’s recommended range of 0.7 to 1.2 ppm.
However, in March 2006, just four months after the vote passed, the National Research Council released a report which said the Environmental Protection Agency needed to do a reassessment to determine what level of water fluoridation would protect all individuals exposed to the water. The NRC report detailed several adverse health effects that may be linked to the ingestion of fluoride, including dental and skeletal fluorosis, bone cancer and adverse neurological effects.
The task force
The commission voted to wait for the ongoing EPA study to be concluded before considering increased water fluoridation.
Shortly after the release of the NRC’s findings, the ADA announced in November of 2006 fluoride should not be mixed with reconstituted baby formula and infants should not consume fluoridated water.
As a result, Mayor Jim Holton requested the formation of a fluoride task force to investigate and research the effects of fluoride ingestion.
“Year after year we get information pro and con for adding fluoride to our water system,” Holton said. “To help put this issue to bed, or attempt to, I asked Commissioner Ling if she could develop a committee to study the pro’s and con’s of fluoride and report back to the commission so we could become better educated on the subject.”
Holton and Ling said the fluoride decision ultimately rests in the hands of the voters.
“This is a temporary recommendation,” Ling said. “From the beginning the assumption of the task force has been that if we ultimately recommend to end fluoridation all together, that we would ask the city commission to put it on the ballot. Before a final decision is made, this will be voted on.”
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July 01, 2010
Remarks by the President on Comprehensive Immigration Reform
I want to thank American University for welcoming me to the campus once again. Some may recall that the last time I was here I was joined by a dear friend, and a giant of American politics, Senator Edward Kennedy. Teddy’s not here right now, but his legacy of civil rights and health care and worker protections is still with us.
We’ve always defined ourselves as a nation of immigrants
I was a candidate for President that day, and some may recall I argued that our country had reached a tipping point; that after years in which we had deferred our most pressing problems, and too often yielded to the politics of the moment, we now faced a choice: We could squarely confront our challenges with honesty and determination, or we could consign ourselves and our children to a future less prosperous and less secure.
I believed that then and I believe it now. And that’s why, even as we’ve tackled the most severe economic crisis since the Great Depression, even as we’ve wound down the war in Iraq and refocused our efforts in Afghanistan, my administration has refused to ignore some of the fundamental challenges facing this generation.
We launched the most aggressive education reforms in decades, so that our children can gain the knowledge and skills they need to compete in a 21st century global economy.
We have finally delivered on the promise of health reform -– reform that will bring greater security to every American, and that will rein in the skyrocketing costs that threaten families, businesses and the prosperity of our nation.
We’re on the verge of reforming an outdated and ineffective set of rules governing Wall Street -– to give greater power to consumers and prevent the reckless financial speculation that led to this severe recession.
And we’re accelerating the transition to a clean energy economy by significantly raising the fuel-efficiency standards of cars and trucks, and by doubling our use of renewable energies like wind and solar power -- steps that have the potential to create whole new industries and hundreds of thousands of new jobs in America.
So, despite the forces of the status quo, despite the polarization and the frequent pettiness of our politics, we are confronting the great challenges of our times. And while this work isn’t easy, and the changes we seek won’t always happen overnight, what we’ve made clear is that this administration will not just kick the can down the road.
Immigrants have always helped to build, defend the U.S.
Immigration reform is no exception. In recent days, the issue of immigration has become once more a source of fresh contention in our country, with the passage of a controversial law in Arizona and the heated reactions we’ve seen across America. Some have rallied behind this new policy. Others have protested and launched boycotts of the state. And everywhere, people have expressed frustration with a system that seems fundamentally broken.
Of course, the tensions around immigration are not new. On the one hand, we’ve always defined ourselves as a nation of immigrants -- a nation that welcomes those willing to embrace America’s precepts. Indeed, it is this constant flow of immigrants that helped to make America what it is. The scientific breakthroughs of Albert Einstein, the inventions of Nikola Tesla, the great ventures of Andrew Carnegie’s U.S. Steel and Sergey Brin’s Google, Inc. -– all this was possible because of immigrants.
And then there are the countless names and the quiet acts that never made the history books but were no less consequential in building this country -- the generations who braved hardship and great risk to reach our shores in search of a better life for themselves and their families; the millions of people, ancestors to most of us, who believed that there was a place where they could be, at long last, free to work and worship and live their lives in peace.
So this steady stream of hardworking and talented people has made America the engine of the global economy and a beacon of hope around the world. And it’s allowed us to adapt and thrive in the face of technological and societal change. To this day, America reaps incredible economic rewards because we remain a magnet for the best and brightest from across the globe. Folks travel here in the hopes of being a part of a culture of entrepreneurship and ingenuity, and by doing so they strengthen and enrich that culture.
Being an American is not a matter of blood or birth
Immigration also means we have a younger workforce -– and a faster-growing economy -- than many of our competitors. And in an increasingly interconnected world, the diversity of our country is a powerful advantage in global competition.
Just a few weeks ago, we had an event of small business owners at the White House. And one business owner was a woman named Prachee Devadas who came to this country, became a citizen, and opened up a successful technology services company. When she started, she had just one employee. Today, she employs more than a hundred people.
This past April, we held a naturalization ceremony at the White House for members of our armed forces. Even though they were not yet citizens, they had enlisted. One of them was a woman named Perla Ramos -- born and raised in Mexico, came to the United States shortly after 9/11, and she eventually joined the Navy. And she said, "I take pride in our flag and the history that forged this great nation and the history we write day by day."
These women, and men and women across this country like them, remind us that immigrants have always helped to build and defend this country -– and that being an American is not a matter of blood or birth. It’s a matter of faith. It’s a matter of fidelity to the shared values that we all hold so dear. That’s what makes us unique. That’s what makes us strong. Anybody can help us write the next great chapter in our history.
Now, we can’t forget that this process of immigration and eventual inclusion has often been painful. Each new wave of immigrants has generated fear and resentments towards newcomers, particularly in times of economic upheaval.
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It's often said that conservative groups win the mainstream media battles by howling the loudest. Feminists and women's groups are trying mightily to change that by fighting CBS airing an anti-abortion ad during the Super Bowl, with varying strategies.
There are two main approaches: Focusing on CBS's decision to air the ad after opaque changes to its policies on advocacy policies, and attempting to reverse it; and getting into the substance of the ad and what has been reported (lots of it murky) about Pam Tebow's individual decision. Both have their own complications.
The risk, of course, is associating feminism with the shutting down of a debate or "silencing" of anti-choice positions. Still, CBS is a commercial organization that makes business decisions based on, among other things, the demands of its audience, and not a government entity.
What about the particular message of Ms. Tebow's experience? (For those unfamiliar with this story, Tebow is the mother of football player Tim Tebow, who also stars in the ad.) The Center for Reproductive Rights has pointed out that abortion is illegal in the Philippines, and has been for over a hundred years:
Women are punished with imprisonment between two to six years if they obtain [an abortion]. Doctors and midwives who directly cause or assist a woman in an abortion face six years imprisonment and may have their licenses suspended or revoked.
Because of the severity of the Philippines law, abortion is underground, making it unsafe, potentially deadly and highly stigmatized. Every year, more than 500,000 women in the country try to terminate their pregnancies. In 2008 alone, criminal abortions resulted in the deaths of at least 1000 women and 90,000 more suffered complications.
Attorney Gloria Allred (pictured) has taken up the issue of Tebow's story and run with it. In a video statement given to RadarOnline (?), Allred suggests that the apparent inconsistencies in the account might mean the ad constitutes false advertising under federal regulations:
"Does this commercial for mandatory motherhood contain corroboration that Pam's doctors suggested that she commit a crime of having an illegal abortion in the Philippines? If the ad omits the facts that abortion was illegal at that time and place, as it was and is in the Philippines… I'm sure that neither CBS and nor Mr. Moonves, as its president, would want to put an ad that might constitute illegal or misleading advertising, even if it meant millions of dollars in profit."
Meanwhile, NOW is going head-to-head with Sarah Palin on the topic. Palin posted on her Facebook page,
My message to these groups who are inexplicably offended by a pro-woman, pro-child, pro-life message airing during the Super Bowl: please concentrate on empowering women, help with efforts to prevent unexpected pregnancies, stay consistent with your message that for too long women have been made to feel like sex objects in our ‘modern' culture and that we can expect better in 2010."
So basically, Sarah Palin wants NOW to focus on whenever she doesn't like the way a picture of herself is used on the cover of Newsweek. And so far, her strategy for preventing "unexpected pregnancies" seems to consist of abstinence; unclear what, under this logic, the choices are for married women except the one Palin made herself.
"The goal of the Focus on the Family ad is not to empower women. It's to create a climate in which Roe v. Wade can be overturned...There are always going to be women who need abortions. In this country, one in three women will have an abortion."
"Focus on the Family has cynically set it up so they can say anyone who disagrees with airing this ad is disrespecting one woman and her choice. NOW respects every woman's right to plan her own family and insists our laws do the same."
The last point gets to the heart of the dilemma pro-choice organizations face in winning this rhetorical battle. The anti-choice focus on individual women — Pam Tebow, anyone named Palin — threatens to box pro-choice activists into a corner where they are made to appear as if they think those women should have had abortions. That these women were able to make what they felt was the right choice for them — a word that indicates a luxury of options — under is a subtler point to get across. It's one that Amanda Marcotte, among others, has been trying to advance:
To argue that because woman A is happy with choice A, woman B should be happy with choice A is to say that all women are exactly alike. "All women are alike" is a standard sexist assumption, and so people will buy into it. But by the measurement of their own arguments, you can see they don't believe this—-they're admitting that different women make different choices, and that therefore different women are, gosh darnit (like Sarah Palin would say), different. And so maybe the same exact choice is not right, since different people have different needs and desires.
Because of feminism, the right wing has to at least pay lip service to the idea that women are a diverse group and are also moral actors. Since they admit that women are human beings, we should seize the moment and point out that therefore women deserve freedom and dignity.
This morning, Marcotte lamented that the feminist response has focused on shutting down the ad rather than arguing with its substance:
I do wish that more of the feminist response had been centered around the inherent contradiction of anti-choicers celebrating choice, and less in demanding that CBS not run the ad. There's a strong possibility that the more Focus on Family does stuff like this, the closer they get to bankruptcy, after all. But more to the point, instead of playing the role of censor in their fund-raising appeals, we could continue to point out that they're buying into the pro-choice framework, and that if women like Pam Tebow don't have a choice, they don't get to be heroes. Just victims.
Center for Reproductive Rights Raises Questions to CBS about Tebow Story, College Football Star Featured in Super Bowl Ad [CRR]
What Does Football Have To Do With Abortion Again? [RH Reality Check]
Tim Tebow Confirms Super Bowl Ad About Pro-Life Values, Defends Showing It [LifeNews]
Gloria Allred Threatens CBS For Allowing Tim Tebow Anti-Abortion Ad [RadarOnline]
NOW Tackles Palin Over Tebow Ad [Politico]
Tim Tebow Ad Thought [Pandagon]
Focusing On The Tebow Family [Religion Dispatches]
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I have just spent a cold and rainy Canadian Sunday indoors, watching the 9th annual MSF UK Scientific Day, streamed online for the very first time, for the entire world to see. (You watch the videos here)
967 people in 5 continents, including many current field workers, were able to watch the remarkable presentations about research done in the field by MSF. From recent changes in Malaria treatment (which I learned about in South Sudan, when I was told I would be responsible for instituting the brand new malaria treatment, keeping all the statistics, and sending in all the data), to research into the use of satellite mapping to assess populations in emergency situations, to surveys done to delineate horrific sexual violence in Guatemala, to questions concerning how to balance priorities in a world with so much needing attention, it was a day guaranteed to make one think and wonder.
An amazing talk by Paul Conneally about ‘Digital Humanitarianism’, in which he makes it clear that MSF can choose not to be “an analog organization in a digital world”, was guaranteed to make everyone rethink how we as an organization will harness the benefits and the risks inherent in the ongoing explosion of technology that is upon us. One of the most remarkable statistics I learned is that there are now more people in Africa with cell phones than electricity. As was made clear in this keynote presentation, humanitarian organizations need to be in the forefront of research into how this technical revolution affects how we do our work. Humanitarian organizations “need to understand how people are using technology in communities and countries where they are working, and how this will affect ‘community driven development’.” The digital world is going to revolutionize humanitarian work, and the message presented is that we must prepare ourselves by researching the best way to use this to the advantage of the populations we work with and our organizations.
With only one mission under my belt, I was awed and my brain was tired by the end of the day, and I was just sitting on my couch, watching the presentations with a glass of lovely Chilean vino keeping me company. I did not realize the breadth and depth of the medical research done by MSF, and watching the conference online allowed me to have a much better understanding of the organization I work with. The presentation about using Teleradiology to accurately read radiographs done in the field was particularly poignant to me. I was chastised in the field for questioning another clinician’s diagnosis of TB from what appeared to me to be a normal x-ray of a very sick child. It became very clear to me that good research into how to appropriately assess and diagnose difficult cases would help our patients and our field workers, and in this case, a protocol for diagnosis would have been very useful to me.
Particularly impressive to me were the questions presented: should MSF focus on the greatest good for the highest number of people; should there be more singular and focused investigations into specific problems; what is the best way to allow access to the research done by MSF, and how to appropriately assess the research being done and be comfortable that the work is not just heading out into cyberspace, where it may not be effectively assessed, analyzed and utilized.
As a returned field worker, I would like to know about these things while I am in the field. This is where our need to understand how the new digital world and the research being conducted is affecting the work I am doing would be helpful to me. It would be good to know in the midst of my daily chaos, that there is much thought and work and analysis going on behind the scenes. With the ability to reach almost everyone almost everywhere, at least part of the time, this would be one way to make very good use of the new approaches to Humanitarian Work that will be inevitable in the coming years.
As a fitting end to the day, consider watching the trailer for the as not yet completed movie ‘They Go To Die’ presented by epidemiologist and new filmmaker, Jonathan Smith, which brought the reality of the work with and the research of MSF to a palpable spot in my heart. (You can watch the trailer here)
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By JEFFREY COLLINS
GREER, S.C. (AP) - Two decades ago, then-South Carolina Gov. Carroll Campbell stood at the Greenville-Spartanburg airport and announced the BMW plant being built just up the road would be a benchmark in the state's history.
By most measures, the German automaker's plant near Greer has exceeded expectations.
On that day in June 1992, BMW officials said they expected the plant to have 2,000 workers and make 6,500 luxury vehicles a month. In November, the factory's 7,000 employees made more than 25,000 of BMW's crossover vehicles.
But some say the successful courtship of BMW has had an unfortunate domino effect. They say the often-cash-strapped state has provided millions more in taxpayer money to hundreds of other companies - most of it without much public oversight - making it nearly impossible to judge the quality of these public investments.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Creator: European Commission
Description: This paper analyze the possible effects of implementing all high end pledges put forward by countries under the Copenhagen Accord. Among other analysis, the report predict that, (if the Copenhagen Accord would be fully implemented), the world could bridge a major part of the required efforts by 2020 in order to keep average global temperature increase below 2ºC. However, the report also argue that most high end targets are conditional on others taking similar action, on a legally binding international agreement or on the need for further international financial or technical support making their degree of implementation uncertain.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
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Governor Branstad and his wife have moved out of the governor’s mansion in Des Moines after black mold was found in their third-floor residence.
‘The governor and first lady are fine,” according to Jenae Jenison, a spokeswoman for Branstad.
Chris Branstad hadn’t been feeling well for a few weeks and suggested her sickness might be caused by something at Terrace Hill.
Tests have confirmed there is black mold in the historic mansion’s third floor, which was converted more than three decades ago into living quarters for the state’s governor and family.
According to the governor’s office, mold has not been found on the first and second floors of Terrace Hill. That part of the mansion remains open for tours.
In 2007, when Governor Chet Culver and his family were living in the mansion, several people who attended a fundraiser at Terrace Hill got histoplasmosis, a fungal disease linked to bat and bird droppings. Officials linked that outbreak to recently soil that had been displaced around the outside of the home.
According to the governor’s spokeswoman, “it will most likely be at least three weeks” before Branstad and his wife can return to the quarters at Terrace Hill. The couple has a home in rural Boone. That’s where the Branstads have been staying since last weekend when they returned from a trade mission in South America.
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January 24, 2013- Don’t let the winter blues get you down
DETROIT – Each winter, many people experience a degree of depression or loneliness, commonly referred to as the winter blues, but in its more serious state it's medically known Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).
Symptoms of SAD can include feeling a sense of hopelessness, increased appetite and weight gain, increased sleep, a lack of energy and an inability to concentrate. Although there is no official test for SAD, a doctor can diagnose the disorder through the symptoms the patient has experienced.
Experiencing these symptoms isn't uncommon during the winter months, and it’s actually in our nature historically to respond to the season in such a way.
“Most of us think that it's normal to get down during the winter months because the days are short, dreary and cold, but there is a biological reason for these feelings,” said Gerald A. Shiener, M.D., Chief Consultation Liaison of Psychiatry at DMC Sinai-Grace Hospital. “Our genetic ancestors used to gain weight and hibernate during winter months. For some of us, those biological urges persist.”
The good news is there are steps one can take during the winter months to help minimize or even prevent feeling the winter blues.
“The best way to deal with seasonal mood disorders is to manage our lifestyle and take better care of ourselves,” Shiener said. “Regular bedtime and wake-up times are important. A low carbohydrate, high-protein diet, exercise and physical activity can enhance energy levels and sense of well being.”
If you suspect a loved one is suffering from SAD, there are many ways to help. Encourage them to be active, invite them to social gatherings, and offer assistance with daily tasks. If you have a serious concern, enourage them to see a doctor.
To book an appointment with a Sinai-Grace physician, call (313) 966-4800.
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Sudoku is a logic game that can help to keep our brains fresh and active. If you do not know how to play Sudoku puzzles, you can find the rules here.
Relatively easy Sudoku puzzles can be solved by a sequence of eliminations - eliminations of all impossibilities. However the difficult ones need more logic involved. Here is a list of tips and techniques that may help you to solve the puzzles. The first three in this list are basic techniques that are essential for solving any Sudoku puzzles. The others are considered as more advanced techniques.
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Trends in Microbiology, Volume 11, Issue 8, 1 August 2003, Pages 392-397
Ioannis Theodorou, Corinne Capoulade, Christophe Combadiere and Patrice Debre
Since the discovery that chemokine receptor genes participate in the portal entry of the virus, in human cells, and that these same genes are polymorphic, the role of the host's genetic background on susceptibility and disease progression in HIV disease has started to gain new interest. It is accepted today that some variants of chemokine receptor genes have a strong impact on HIV susceptibility and disease progression. These discoveries, in turn, stimulated new investigations on the role of other polymorphic genes implicated in innate or adaptive immune responses and drug metabolism. In this review, a brief description of the main findings of HIV genetics is presented, along with possible implications of these findings in the clinical practice of the near future.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (117 kb)
Trends in Neurosciences, Volume 22, Issue 11, 1 November 1999, Pages 504-512
Valérie C Asensio and Iain L Campbell
The past decade has witnessed the remarkable ascendance of chemokines as pivotal regulatory molecules in cellular communication and trafficking. Evidence increasingly implicates chemokines and chemokine receptors as plurifunctional molecules that have a significant impact on the CNS. Initially, these molecules were found to be involved in the pathogenesis of many important neuroinflammatory diseases that range from multiple sclerosis and stroke to HIV encephalopathy. However, more-recent studies have fuelled the realization that, in addition to their role in pathological states, chemokines and their receptors have an important role in cellular communication in the developing and the normal adult CNS. For example, stromal-cell-derived factor 1, which is synthesized constitutively in the developing brain, has an obligate role in neurone migration during the formation of the granule-cell layer of the cerebellum. Many chemokines are capable of directly regulating signal-transduction pathways that are involved in a variety of cellular functions, which range from synaptic transmission to growth. Clearly, the potential use of chemokines and their receptors as targets for therapeutic intervention in CNS disease might now have to be considered in the context of the broader physiological functions of these molecules.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (182 kb)
Copyright © 1999 The American Society of Human Genetics All rights reserved.
The American Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 65, Issue 4, 1047-1053, 1 October 1999
Bing Su1, Li Jin1, 2, , , Fang Hu2, 4, Junhua Xiao2, Jingchun Luo2, 3, Daru Lu2, Weiling Zhang2, Jiayou Chu5, Ruofu Du6, Zhencheng Geng2, Xinfang Qiu2, Jinglun Xue2, Jiazhen Tan2, Stephen J. O'Brien7 and Ranajit Chakraborty1
1 Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston
2 Institute of Genetics, Fudan University, Shanghai
3 Jingan Central Hospital, Shanghai
4 Suzhou Medical School, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
5 Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Kunming, Yunnan, China
6 Institute of Genetics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
7 Laboratory of Genome Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
Chemokine receptor CCR2 and stromal-derived factor (SDF-1) are involved in HIV infection and AIDS symptom onset. Recent cohort studies showed that point mutations in these two genes, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3′A, can delay AIDS onset ⩾16 years after seroconversions. The protective effect of CCR2-64I is dominant, whereas that of SDF1-3′A is recessive. SDF1-3′A homozygotes also showed possible protection against HIV-1 infection. In this study, we surveyed the frequency distributions of the two alleles at both loci in world populations, with emphasis on those in east Asia. The CCR2-64I frequencies do not vary significantly in the different continents, having a range of 0.1–0.2 in most populations. A decreasing cline of the CCR2-64I frequency from north to south was observed in east Asia. In contrast, the distribution of SDF1-3′A in world populations varies substantially, and the highest frequency was observed in Oceanian populations. Moreover, an increasing cline of the SDF1-3′A frequency from north to south was observed in east Asia. The relative hazard values were computed to evaluate the risk of AIDS onset on the basis of two-locus genotypes in the east Asian and world populations.
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Ninety percent of instruction is in Hmong for kindergartners in the Hmong immersion program at Susan B. Anthony Elementary. Photo by Andria Lo.
The ABCs of Hmong
By Momo Chang
At Susan B. Anthony Elementary, Mr. Vue’s kindergarteners sit on a brightly colored carpet as they look up at him, repeating sounds of the alphabet.
“Ahhh, aaay, eeeh,” he sings as the children sing along. The sounds are not in English. The school, located in South Sacramento, is home to the only Hmong dual-language immersion program on the West Coast — and the second in the country after a similar program in St. Paul, Minnesota.
Dual, or two-way, language immersion programs are ones where students learn English and another language with the goals of developing a high level of proficiency in both, academic achievement, and appreciation for other cultures. Instructional time includes a minimum of 50 percent in the language other than English. In most cases, schools maintain a balance between fluent English speakers and children who can speak the other language, so that both populations benefit from one another.
“The idea of the Hmong immersion program is so students will become bicultural and biliterate in both English and Hmong,” explains Lee Yang (pronounced “Ya”), the principal and a former director of Sacramento City Unified School District’s Multilingual Literacy Department, who spearheaded the program.
In the past few years, language immersion programs have sprouted up across the country, particularly in California, where the number nearly doubled from 119 in 2000 to 233 in 2010, according to the California Department of Education. About 200 of these programs are in Spanish; the rest are in Mandarin, Korean, Cantonese, Armenian, German, Italian and Japanese.
In 2011, Hmong was added to the list.
But while languages like Mandarin are witnessing a rapid rise in global prestige, the rewards for students who become fluent in Hmong may be less tangible. Since the first wave of Lao Hmong refugees arrived in 1975, their culture and history has slowly receded, and with it, their language.
Preserving the Past
“They know that they are Hmong,” says Melany Lo, a 1st grade parent in the Hmong program, “but they don’t even know the tradition or culture.” It’s a concern shared by many in the community who fear that in future generations their history will be forgotten.
According to census data, a whopping 45 percent of Hmong Americans are under the age of 17. Parents and teachers expressed concerns that their culture and language were slipping away from this younger generation.
For Vue’s students, that’s where the learning begins.
On one wall in his classroom is a large, colorful tapestry. The embroidered quilt, or story cloth, depicts the history of the Hmong people including their migration from Laos to the United States. Handmade dolls dressed in traditional Hmong clothing sit near the doorway.
Dolls in traditional Hmong clothing are a part of Sao Vue's kindergarten classroom at Susan B. Anthony Elementary School's Hmong immersion program. Photo by Andria Lo.
The Hmong originated in northern China and later migrated south, where about 9 million Hmong (called “Miao” in Mandarin) still reside. Over the centuries, they continued to move southward, settling in Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and elsewhere. As a people, they have survived genocide and war. In the 1960s and 70s, the Hmong in Laos were recruited to fight in the CIA’s “secret wars” against the Communists during the Vietnam conflict. When that effort was lost, many fled to neighboring Thailand and ended up in refugee camps there.
The first wave of Hmong refugees to the United States arrived in 1975, and the most recent was in 2005. Today there are more than 260,000 Hmong Americans.
All of the students in the immersion program are of Hmong heritage. One in five English learners in the district are Hmong, the second largest group after Spanish speakers. The majority are second or third generation, born in the United States. As with large numbers of U.S.-born Hispanic students, most are also designated English Language Learners, which means they are not proficient in English when entering the program.
But for Vue and his fellow teachers, that isn’t exactly a disadvantage.
Classroom instruction in the program starts with 90 percent Hmong in kindergarten, and is based on the “90/10” model where English is slowly added each year until fourth grade, when the students are taught 50 percent of the time in Hmong and 50 percent in English. That means that in the lower grades, subjects such as math and science are also taught in the Hmong language.
On one autumn day, students in Makaelie Her’s first grade class were writing in their journals in Hmong – a language that did not have its own written alphabet until the 1950s when it was developed by a linguist and missionaries. “If the people don’t read, don’t write, then they don’t know how to provide more literature in their language,” Yang said. “Slowly, their language and their culture disappears. We may still be Hmong, but we may not know anything about Hmong 100 years from now.”
Cece Vang’s two daughters entered Susan B. Anthony’s Hmong program last year. Before that, she says, neither knew much of the language. Today, her eldest, in second grade, speaks in complete sentences and reads books in Hmong. “My brothers and sisters don’t know how to read [Hmong],” says Vang. “My daughter is teaching them how to read.”
Cece Vang with one of her daughters, who is in the Hmong language immersion program in Sacramento. Photo by Andria Lo.
A Growing Need
Susan B. Anthony’s Hmong program has one class each of kindergarten, first grade and second grade, and operates as a program within the larger elementary school, which sits next to an expansive park. Nearby streets are lined with trees, and on a crisp fall morning, the overall scene is one of an idyllic place to grow up.
The statistics, however, tell a different story.
Located in the “Detroit” neighborhood (named after a street) in South Sacramento, it’s also an area known for gangs, crime, and high rates of poverty. One hundred percent of the elementary school’s 180 children qualify for free or reduced lunch. About 63 percent of them are Asian (most of whom are Hmong), 24 percent are Hispanic/Latino and 8 percent are African American.
Nearly three in four students are English Language Learners.
In spite of these challenges, the school has made impressive gains. Its yearly Academic Performance Index (API) score, which measures California schools on a scale of 200 to 1000, jumped from 461 in 2000 to 742 last year (just below the district’s average of 768) and has met goals for its English Language Learners and low-income students under federal No Child Left Behind guidelines.
Lee Yang is the principal of Susan B. Anthony Elementary School in Sacramento, CA. Photo by Andria Lo.
Principal Yang, a leader in the tight-knit Hmong community in Sacramento — home to the state’s second-largest Hmong population after Fresno — has spent time as a classroom teacher, principal and administrator. His wife, Bao Moua, is also a principal in the district. In his previous role as district director, Yang was tasked with launching the district’s Mandarin, Cantonese and Hmong immersion programs under District Superintendent Jonathan Raymond.
Three years ago, a charter school with a Hmong cultural focus opened in Sacramento, siphoning off some of the Hmong population from Susan B. Anthony. Shortly thereafter, in the fall of 2011, the Hmong program at Susan B. Anthony opened.
The first Hmong dual language immersion program in an American public school system opened in St. Paul’s Jackson Preparatory Magnet in 2006.
“I think the school districts need to understand that there is a growing need there,” says Lee Pao Xiong, co-founder of two Hmong charter schools in Minnesota and director of the Center for Hmong Studies at Concordia University in St. Paul. “And if [they] can meet the parents’ need in terms of language, culture and history, the parents would prefer the kids to be integrated rather than segregated.”
More than one in three Hmong in the U.S. do not have a high school diploma, and 26 percent of Hmong families live below the poverty level. For those in the dual language immersion programs, more rigorous curricula and hours spent learning in two languages promise a path to reversing these troubling numbers.
Research shows that in the early years, English test scores for students in dual language immersion programs may be lower than their mainstream counterparts. But by late elementary or middle school, most will have caught up to — or surpassed — their peers in English-only classrooms in both English and math, according to studies by Wayne Thomas and Virginia Collier of George Mason University, and Kathryn Lindholm-Leary and her colleagues at San Jose State University, among others.
And while the Hmong program in Sacramento is still new, there are already promising outcomes. A school-based assessment for English and math from spring 2012 showed that none of the students were far below basic level, even as some in the regular English classes were.
Other outcomes may not show up on test scores. Yang noted that many Hmong kids tend to be shy in regular classes, but in the Hmong classes, they raise their hands to speak or to solve a math problem at the whiteboard.
Lost in Translation
First graders in the Hmong immersion program at Susan B. Anthony Elementary work on their writing and vocabulary. Photo by Andria Lo.
A typical day for Sao Vue, Her and Chia Thao, the teachers in the program, begins before 7 a.m. Most remain long after school has ended, and are often there on the weekends. Their commitment is the product of both practical necessity and personal experience.
“Growing up, because I didn’t have this program, there was a period in my life where I was ashamed to be Hmong,” explains Her, 38, who was born in Laos and spent much of her childhood in Stockton, Calif.
“I was one of the English learners who struggled with English and there wasn’t any program to support me,” she continues. “That’s one of the reasons why I wanted to become a teacher, so that I could actually reach out to other Hmong students and provide them the support that I never got growing up.”
Still, Her admits the program is not without its challenges.
One of those is attracting more students, including those from outside the Hmong community. “We want other ethnic groups to participate,” says Yang, “so that we can become a more rich program.”
That may be a challenge, however, as Hmong is still a largely unknown language.
Still, at the Hmong International Academy, a Minneapolis public school, about 16 percent of students are African American. The school is not an immersion program, but uses the Hmong language to accelerate the learning of another culture, demonstrating Hmong’s capacity to draw in diversity.
The teachers say that among the biggest hurdles is curriculum development. They say there are few options available for materials in Hmong, and while the school has already purchased whatever was available, the rest they are creating from scratch. This includes not only translating materials, but creating a curriculum that fits with Common Core, national standards in English Language Arts and Math that California and the majority of
other states have adopted.
There is also a shortage of bilingual and bicultural teaching staff available,says Kathryn Lindholm-Leary, who helped spearhead the first dual language programs in the 1980s.
“In the U.S. we don’t do a lot of foreign language development,” she says, “and so you’re talking about people who grew up speaking that language in their home but they were basically educated in English so their literacy and vocabulary skills might be somewhat limited.”
Vue’s story is different. Having come to the United States at 17, the 40-year-old spent most of his childhood growing up in a Thai refugee camp, where he says he developed an early appreciation for teachers. Vue began teaching at Susan B. Anthony in 1997, transitioning to the Hmong program when it opened in 2011.
Both he and Yang have staked a great deal on the program. Their kids are now enrolled and will be among the first cohort of Hmong-fluent graduates.
“We have a mountain of work to be done, a lot of things that need to be planned,” Vue said. “When I get older, I want [my students] to be my heroes so they can support themselves and become productive members of society.”
He adds: “If they don’t know who they are, they are kind of lost.”
Momo Chang is a freelance journalist based in Oakland, Calif. where she writes, edits and produces stories about social issues. She is the features editor at Hyphen, a magazine and website devoted to coverage of Asian American arts, culture and politics. She previously taught high school English, and her son is in a Mandarin immersion school.
Photos by Andria Lo. Video and additional reporting by R.J. Lozada.
This story was produced as part of New America Media's 2012 education reporting fellowship for ethnic media journalists in California, with support from the California Education Policy Fund (CEPF) and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation.
The previous issue of Hyphen is available in its entirety for your perusing pleasure. Almost as good as having it right in your hands!
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March 26, 2012
Landing soon: Former astronaut Hawley to deliver university's Neff Lectureship in Physics
The countdown has begun for a lecture at Kansas State University by former astronaut Steven Hawley, the next speaker in the department of physics' James R. Neff Lectureship in Physics series.
Hawley, now a professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Kansas, will present the lecture "Wings of Orbit" at 4:30 p.m. today in the Town Hall Room at the Leadership Studies Building. The lecture is free and the public is invited.
"As a former astronaut, Dr. Hawley has been involved in NASA policy decisions and his firsthand space flight stories will surely entertain our university community," said Chii-Dong Lin, university distinguished professor of physics and Hawley's campus host.
Hawley, a Kansas native who grew up in Salina, is a veteran of five space flights, logging 770 hours in space during his NASA employment from 1978 to his retirement in 2008. During his flights, he helped to deploy various satellites and conduct many different experiments in space, including photography experiments using the IMAX motion picture camera and deploying the Hubble Space Telescope -- the first of NASA's four Great Observatories satellites.
His final space mission was in 1999 to deploy the Chandra X-ray Observatory -- the third of the Great Observatories satellites. The Chandra satellite is used to detect X-rays in space that are otherwise absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere.
From 2002 to 2008, Hawley served as director of NASA's Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate, which conducts research in planetary and space science, including acquisition, curation and research of astromaterials and human exploration science.
Hawley earned a bachelor's degree in physics and astronomy from the University of Kansas in 1973, and a doctorate in astronomy and astrophysics from the University of California, Santa Cruz, in 1977. After retiring from NASA, he returned to KU to teach in 2008 and became the director of the university's engineering physics department in 2010.
The lectureship is named after James R. Neff, an alumnus of the university. Neff was an internationally recognized orthopaedic surgeon and professor at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. He developed a surgical implant with a titanium intramedullary nail known as the Neff Nail.
The lectureship is funded by an endowment established with a bequest from Neff, to perpetuate and honor his parents, Everett and Florine Neff, and further represent Neff's gratitude for the opportunities and education that he received at Kansas State University.
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The national price tag for occupational injuries and illnesses totals nearly $250 billion annually, yet only 21 percent of these costs, or $51.7 billion, are covered by Workers’ Compensation Insurance, a recent study from UC Davis has found.
Employer paid health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and other payers absorb roughly 80 percent of the tab, or $198 billion. “Costs are being shifted from Workers’ Compensation to private insurance companies and tax payers, in addition to workers and their families,” says lead author J. Paul Leigh, who is a professor of Health Economics in UC Davis’ School of Medicine.
“Two hundred and fifty billion is a big number,” Leigh points out. “It’s more than the cost of cancer, yet when you look at research funding, cancer gets far more attention than job-related occupational injuries and illnesses. For example, the most recent budget for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health was roughly $300 million whereas it was $5 billion—17 times larger— for the National Cancer Institute.”
“From an economic stand point, if you are interested in spending your money where you will get the greatest return on investment, it makes sense to spend more to address occupational health and safety,” says Leigh.
Lost productivity accounts for over $182 billion of the $250 billion annual price tag, with only $21.86 billion of this total paid by workers’ compensation insurers. Leigh says this cost-shifting of premiums from workers’ compensation to other sources leads to lower premiums and reduced incentives to promote workplace safety.
Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the National Council on Compensation Insurance, and other government and non-profit sources, Leigh concluded that, in addition to $29.86 billion paid by workers’ compensation insurers for medical costs for occupational injuries and illnesses, workers and their families paid $5.81 billion, Medicare and Medicaid covered $12.63 billion, and other non-workers’ compensation health insurance covered $14.22 billion.
Leigh believes workers may prefer employment-provided insurance because filing a claim with Workers’ Compensation may leave a mark on their employment history.
The study, published in the April issue of the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, was partially funded by grants from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Find this article and others online at http://coeh.berkeley.edu/bridges
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Advertisers and TV networks live on opposite sides of a mutually beneficial border. For years, the location of that border remained relatively well-defined, as viewership quantity and demographics were the primary factors which determined what advertisers should pay for their spots. As the digital video recorder (DVR) entrenches itself in audience viewing habits, that border has become contested. In a nutshell, advertisers would prefer not to count DVR viewership at all, since DVR users tend to skip commercials with abandon. On the other side, networks have argued that DVR actually leads to more television viewing, which makes up for some—if not all—of the audience "lost" to the fast-forward button.
While the real truth of the matter probably lies somewhere between the advertiser and the network positions, a new study released by an independent media research organization muddies the waters by seeming to contradict similar data released by the networks last year.
According to Mediamark Research, Inc., adults with DVRs are 23 percent less likely to be considered "heavy" TV viewers than the population taken as a whole. For the purposes of the study, heavy viewers are defined as the top quintile, as determined by number of half-hours watched per week. According to an Arbitron study the networks released last November, viewers with DVRs spend 12 percent more time watching TV than those who lack the devices.
Part of the discrepancy lies in the different methodologies used to collect the data. In the Mediamark study, more than 26,000 viewers were interviewed over a 14-month period regarding their media consumption habits. A spokesman from CBS was quick to point out that this data could be skewed, as many viewers underestimate their own habits. However, he gave no explanation as to why DVR users would underestimate any differently than DVR non-users.
For their part, the networks prefer to count the Arbitron results as more definitive. That study only polled 2,000 users, yet was tracked by machine, which can be considered more reliable than viewer interviews. Even so, the Arbitron poll only took place in one market (Houston), which leaves some room for doubt as to whether its conclusions can be applied to the US as a whole.
All is not doom and gloom for the networks, however. For one thing, the Mediamark study showed that DVR owners tend to be more upscale than their counterparts, with 17.1 percent having an average household income over US$150,000, compared to only 8 percent in the general population. That makes DVR owners a more desirable target for advertisers, and leads directly to what is likely to be the network fall-back position, should the Mediamark research be corroborated.
In any event, networks aren't going to let that advertiser revenue go without a fight. Until this whole technology shift shakes out and both sides find some common ground they can agree upon, we can probably expect to see network coffers remain filled through the ever-expanding use of product placement, along with additional incentives to convince viewers to stop and smell the commercials.
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Processed by: Archives Staff ; machine-readable finding aid created by:Eric Weig
Ellen Churchill Semple papers
University of Kentucky Special CollectionsLexington, Kentucky 40506
Collection is open for research.
[Identification of item], Ellen Churchill Semple papers, 1900-1932, 1M46M139, Special Collections, University of Kentucky.
78 volumes, 84 pieces
Geographer, writer, teacher. Born in Louisville in 1863, Semple attended Vasser graduating in 1883. She spent some years teaching in Louisville while studying independently for a Master's Degree, which she received from Vasser in 1891. She then studied at the University of Leipzig under the renowned Friedrich Ratzel, 1891-1892, the only female student among five hundred men. After leaving Leipzig, Semple published numerous articles in scholarly journals, mainly on the subject of anthrogeography, the study of the effect of geographic conditions on the history of mankind. After publishing her first book in 1903, Semple continued to write and to travel in order to conduct research, in addition to holding lectureships at the University of Chicago, Wellesley, and the University of California at Los Angeles. She joined the faculty of Clark University in 1921 where she taught until 1928.
These are materials connected with the writings of Ellen Churchill Semple. Present are manuscripts and notes for three influential books: AMERICAN HISTORY AND ITS GEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS; INFLUENCES OF GEOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT; THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION. Also included are reprints of some of Semple's articles, notes for articles, a scrapbook containing newsclippings about Semple and reviews of her books, photographs, and maps. Present also are Semple's academic gown, academic hood, and two gold medals: one the Collum Geographic Medal awarded in 1914 by the American Geographical Society of New York, and the other, the Helen Culver Medal, awarded her by the Geographic Society of Chicago in 1931. Also included is a biographical sketch of Semple by Ruth E. Baugh, a fellow geologist.
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May 20 2013 Latest news:
Melissa York, Reporter
Friday, June 15, 2012
A campaign to simplify financial regulations for small businesses has gained the support of Newham’s Member of European Parliament.
MEP Sarah Ludford met with the London team of the Federation of Small Businesses (FSB) to sign up to their Real-Life Entrepreneurs campaign to stimulate local business growth.
It aims to put pressure on the Government to boost banking competition and increase access to finance, tackle late payments, ease regulation and simplify the tax system for small to medium-sized businesses.
Ms Ludford said: “Liberals in Europe recognise that for the economy to get back on track we need an environment in which small businesses can flourish.
“That’s why LibDem Euro-MPs led the effort to free small businesses from burdensome EU accounting regulations.
“We are determined, with the support of LibDem Business Secretary Vince Cable, to cut through more red tape.
“Talking to people like the FSB is essential to find out which EU business laws should be simplified or discarded.”
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Stand before one of José Bedia’s enigmatic paintings and you can almost hear the ancestors beating on the resurrection drums centuries ago. “José Bedia’s work has a distinct anthropological quality and is imbued with his rich experience of diverse cultures, religions, and histories,” says Tobias Ostrander, chief curator at Miami Art Museum (101 W. Flagler St., Miami). “It expresses the connections between the physical and spiritual worlds, natural and manmade, as well as rituals created across time, region, and culture in a deeply personal yet openly accessible manner that draws the viewer into his world.” Bedia, who was initiated into the mysteries of the Afro-Cuban religion Palo Monte in the early ’80s, often includes ritual artifacts such as a nganga (cauldron) in his works. Other pieces feature iconic ghostly figures and animals inspired by Native American and African spiritual traditions. During the past three decades, Bedia has crisscrossed the globe, from the North American plains to the Central African savanna, the Amazonian rain forest, and Mexican desert. The results are on view in “Transcultural Pilgrim: Three Decades of Work by José Bedia,” featuring 35 artworks including large-scale figurative paintings, installations, and drawings at the Miami Art Museum marking a major career retrospective of the local artist’s oeuvre and the first exhibition to examine his complex iconography.
Tuesdays-Sundays. Starts: May 24. Continues through Sept. 2, 2012
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Starting Position: Kneel on an exercise mat or floor with your feet together behind you; toes tucked under to prepare for push up position. Slowly bend forward to place one hand on the top of medicine ball and the other on the floor. Your hands should be shoulder-width apart. Carefully shift your weight forward until your shoulders are positioned directly over your hands and the medicine ball. Reposition your feet as needed to help achieve a rigid bodyline from head to toe. Do not allow your body to sag downward or hips to hike upward. Keep the torso rigid by contracting your core and abdominal muscles. Your head should be aligned with your spine.
Downward Phase: Slowly lower your chest towards the floor. Keep the torso rigid and head aligned with your spine. Do not allow your body to rotate, sag or your hips to hike upward. Contract your glutes (butt) and quadriceps (thigh) muscles to help maintain stability. Continue to lower yourself until your chest nears or lightly touches the ball. Your elbows should either remain close to the sides of your body or flare outwards slightly.
Upward Phase: Press upwards through your arms while maintaining a rigid torso and head aligned with your spine. Do not allow your low back or hips to sag or hike upwards. Continue pressing until the arms are fully extended at the elbows.
Perform a prescribed number of repetitions and repeat with the ball on the other side.
As the ball adds instability to this exercise, your movements need to be slow and controlled to reduce the chance of injury.
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Aug 3rd 2010 By Jeremy Taylor
Our happy hour fact to amaze your drinking buddies with.
It wasn't until our ancestors starting eating meat -- about 2.3 million years ago -- that our species started to really separate itself from other animals.
According to anthropologist Leslie Aiello of the Wenner-Gren Foundation, the vegetarian diet of early man left us lacking in the brain department
. "It wasn't a very high-calorie diet, so to get the energy you needed, you had to eat a lot and have a big gut to digest it all," Aiello told NPR. "But having a big gut has its drawbacks. You can't have a large brain and big guts at the same time."
Aiello believes humans first started eating meat as scavengers -- chowing down on the same carcasses as wild dogs and hyenas would. Then, as our guts shrank and our brains were allowed to grow, we developed the smarts to design tools which aided us in more efficient meat consumption.
While it's true that vegetarians have attempted to make up for holding humanity back by releasing a steady stream of naked-lady ads
, we still think a more formal apology is in order.
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When in hebrew mythology did the name come about.
That's a good question. The earliest traces of lilith go back to Akkadians, around the 7th century bce. Or there is evidence of such a character
This is pre-judaism. Understanding that religions in the region freely traded mythical ideas, it is reasonable to think that lilith entered canaanite (jewish) folklore shortly after.
There was a babylonian figure that could possibly have links to lilith which dates to the 2nd millennium bce. However that is a more controversial link.
If the Canaanites referred to lilith as Baalat, as this source suggests, then she was sort of a female Baal and part of their proto-jewish pantheon long before they could be considered jewish. The "at" at the end is the feminine.
For the record, that pantheon was headed by El and included yhwh and his wife, Asherah. The pantheon was called Elohim - literally, "the lords". Not coincidentally, this is a name the Israelites (as opposed to the Judaeans) used for their god. In fact, they incorporated their god's name into their name - Isra'El. Jewish monotheism evolved from this polytheistic religion. But I digress...
If you are asking for strictly jewish sources, it was found in the Dead Sea Scrolls, which date to the late 1st century bce to the first decade ce.
From my point of view:
1. The OT is legitimate in that it accurately portrays history
2. Christianity is based of Christ's teachings and the OT, thus making it legitimate
3. Judaism's beliefs based off the OT as well discover they got a few interpretations wrong
4. Christianity is unaffected, since it is based off the OT, and not Judaism.
1. I've shown that to be incorrect.
2. But if you take jesus H's teachings out of a jewish context they have a completely different meaning. And if xianity is based on a wrong interpretation of the OT, you end up with an illegitimate xianity.
3. I don't understand that sentence.
4. If you are basing xianity on the OT, xianity is based on an incomplete understanding. As I said before, the jews used the Torah (OT) with the Talmud to understand what it means. xians threw out the talmud, thus throwing out the entire context, tradition and understanding of the OT that preceded them by 500 years.
Christ is the messiah of the OT.
That is debatable. If it were that cut and dried, the jews would agree and all be xians. They don't and they aren't.
And the jews base their faith of the OT. Which means Christianity is completely independent of Judaism,
I am not quite sure what you mean. "Faith" is not a word of great precision or accuracy. It has many meanings and I am not sure which you intend. In this context it looks like it means "religion", but I am not sure. Could you please clarify?
As far as xianity being completely independent of judaism, I disagree. Judaism is the foundation. xianity is essentially an addition to judaism. Since monotheism was invented, each monotheistic religion has claimed to be built on those that came before it, because they all claim to know something about the one god. Islam is built on xianity is built on judaism. LDS is built on xianity is built on judaism. The legitimacy of the later religions hangs on the legitimacy of the predecessors.
You speak as if the jews never screwed up and ignored God. Like everything they did was perfect.
Not at all. I am speaking from a religious perspective. To my mind, you're all crazy and of course the jews got it wrong. I am trying to speak within your bubble, within the context of the xian-jewish relationship.
It is not that the jews are perfect. It is that you must recognize jewish authority when it comes to the OT. Any xian literalist must. Otherwise, the OT has no validity. If the jews are not to be trusted or as suspect when it comes to the Ot, then the OT cannot be trusted because the OT is their product
. And if the OT is unreliable, well, then who is to say a messiah was even really predicted? Maybe that was just wishful thinking on the part of a troubled people?
You really only have two viable positions here. One is where you recognize jewish authority with regards to the OT. That is the religious position. The other is where you adopt my position - the OT is unreliable, thus the NT is unreliable, thus the grounds for believing in yhwh are highly suspect.
And I assume that the last two parts about John and the trinity you will back up with your DH correct?
No. DH is not related to the NT. It only applies to the Torah. The John additions are quite easy to reference as they are well know in scholarship. And please understand that apologetics is not scholarship.
On the Comma Johenneum:http://bible.org/article/comma-johanneum-and-cyprianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma_Johanneum
On the Pericope Adulteraehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_and_the_woman_taken_in_adultery#Textual_historyhttp://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2008/aprilweb-only/117-31.0.html
I'll have to look at these next week for you. Don't have time to look into them at the moment, sorry.
No problem. They are ancilliary to our discussion.
I never said I rejected it.
It sounded that way when you said you believed the penateuch was written by one person.
edit - corrected quotes
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Hungary plans financial transaction tax -minister
BUDAPEST, April 5 |
BUDAPEST, April 5 (Reuters) - Hungary's government plans to introduce a financial transaction tax, Economy Minister Gyorgy Matolcsy wrote in a column in weekly Heti Valasz published on Thursday.
"There is no transaction tax in the financial system, while we shift the balance of taxation towards turnover and consumption, we must introduce a financial transaction tax," the minister wrote.
Matolcsy, the architect of a string of unorthodox economic policies that included Europe's highest bank tax and a foreign currency mortgage relief scheme that has inflicted heavy losses on banks, did not elaborate on the timing or size of the tax.
The minister also said he would prefer to have five different sales tax rates, at 5, 15, 20 and 25 percent, and with a top rate of 30 percent raised from the current 27 percent, which is already the highest in the European Union.
However, he added that the EU does not allow this for now. (Reporting by Gergely Szakacs; Editing by John Stonestreet)
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Wed January 23, 2013
Musical duo links classical baroque and Scottish folk
Flutist Chris Norman and violinist David Greenberg are fluent in at least two musical languages: the works of 18th century Baroque composers like Bach and Telemann, and the 18th century Scottish folk tradition as practiced in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia.
As a duo, they visited the WMUK studios prior to a performance at Western Michigan University Wednesday.
Chris and David talked about playing on wooden flutes and baroque fiddles. They made connections between the folk and baroque styles, and the Scottish origins of the Age of Enlightenment. They also gave a surprise performance of a lively set of Cape Breton strathspeys and reels – traditional Scottish dances.
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All laws are intended to have an effect, but one of the perverse rules of politics is that laws often have effects very different than those desired or expected. Beyond this, the operational reality of a law, once passed into statute and interpreted by courts, is very often different than the sponsors of the law had envisioned.
In the case of so-called “no-fault” divorce, however, legislators and governors should have been able to know a disaster when they saw one, but they didn’t. State after state began adopting “no-fault” measures in answer to demands that divorce be made “more humane.”
By the middle of the 1970s, the battle was largely over. States adopted no-fault divorce laws citing various rationales, including the unclogging of courts burdened with contested divorce proceedings. No-fault laws enabled one spouse to seek a divorce, acting unilaterally. These statutes only required that one spouse declare the marriage irretrievably broken.
Previous to this, divorce was considered a matter of far greater social importance and common concern. Marriage was considered the bedrock institution of society and divorce was seen as a subversion of society, as well as the breakup of a marriage. Under this system, divorces required legal cause — some ground recognized in law as constituting an adequate reason for the dissolution of a marriage. A spouse could fight the divorce and contest the grounds offered by the spouse who sued for divorce.
Under no-fault divorce, no ground is necessary. By definition, there is no fault ascribed to either spouse — fault is no longer considered to be of legal or societal importance.
Demanded by those who claimed that no-fault divorce would be more humane, the laws actually allowed two very different (but entirely foreseeable) results, and both are disastrous. The first is the fact that no-fault divorce has allowed millions of men to abandon their families and leave their children and former wives to poverty. The statistics are clear enough — men who divorce their wives and no longer live with their children generally improve their standard of living over the next few years. The family left behind generally has the opposite experience, with children and former wives living at significantly reduced income levels.
The second result is almost the opposite of the first. No-fault divorce has also allowed women to end the marriage unilaterally, usually retaining primary custodial authority over the children. In such situations, men — who are not even charged with any fault by their wives — can find themselves robbed of their own children. No state has yet remedied the unjust assault on fatherhood that no-fault divorce set loose.
In times past, contested divorces may have clogged the courts and entailed acrimony, but can anyone really justify the pain and emotional carnage caused by no-fault divorce laws? Add to these ills the continued cultural subversion of marriage aided and abetted by no-fault divorce. One other angle on this tragedy is often missed — an entire industry has grown up around divorce, with divorces proving very lucrative for many attorneys and legal professionals.
All that is what makes a legislative move in Michigan so interesting. State Senator Michelle McManus has emerged as the sole sponsor of a bill that would repeal no-fault divorce in that state.
As Eartha Jane Melzer of The Michigan Messenger explains, “Since 1972 Michigan’s ‘no fault’ divorce law has required only that one spouse say ‘there has been a breakdown of the marriage relationship to the extent that the objects of matrimony have been destroyed and there remains no reasonable likelihood that the marriage can be preserved.’”
Under McManus’s proposal, specific grounds would have to be both alleged and proved in order for a divorce to be granted.
As expected, many divorce lawyers adamantly oppose the move. Michael A. Robbins, president of the Michigan Chapter of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, said: “You can’t legislate morality and you can’t force people to stay together if they don’t want to stay together.” Of course, that statement ignores the fact that no-fault laws also “legislate morality” — just in the form of a moral undermining of marriage as an institution. As a matter of fact, most laws are passed for the expressed purpose of “legislating morality.”
Henry Gornbein, former chairperson of the Family Law Council of the State Bar of Michigan, told the paper that the McManus legislation “would be an unmitigated disaster,” adding: “If one party wants out there is a breakdown.”
No-fault divorce laws put the entire society at fault for weakening and injuring the most basic institution of human life and culture. There is plenty of fault to go around on this one.
Observers of Michigan politics argue that Michelle McManus’s bill has little hope of passage. She is running for the office of Michigan’s Secretary of State, and one defender of no-fault divorce simply charged her with pandering to voters.
That seems unlikely. There simply is not enough public opposition to no-fault statutes as yet. If anything, Michelle McManus’s proposed bill may be a sign that a public debate on the effects of no-fault divorce might be taking shape. If so, this can only be for good. Let’s hope that this bill sends the message that at least one state might muster the courage to rethink no-fault divorce.
I am always glad to hear from readers. Write me at firstname.lastname@example.org. Follow regular updates on Twitter at www.twitter.com/AlbertMohler.
Eartha Jane Melzer, “McManus Pushes to End No-Fault Divorce,” The Michigan Messenger, Monday, February 22, 2010.
Darrell Dawsey, “A War on Divorce?,” The Detroit Blog, Time.com, posted Wednesday, February 24, 2010.
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AccuWeather.com offers Standard Infrared satellite images for the entire world, including the United States. The term "Infrared" means that the satellite is detecting the temperature of the clouds. Standard Infrared satellites are grayscale; brighter clouds are colder, meaning higher and hence stronger storms.
An issue with this type of satellite is that it is difficult to see the small differences in the temperature of the clouds near the edge of the scale, and turning grey to white is sometimes not visible enough to the naked eye.
The iconic Ring Nebula may seem like just a stunning circle of wispy interstellar gas, but new images from the Hubble Space Telescope reveal it to be more like a deep-space jelly doughnut, scientists say.Read Story >
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OFFICE OF MEDIA RELATIONS
February 4, 2009
Methamphetamine Use Estimated to Cost the U.S. About $23 Billion In 2005
The economic cost of methamphetamine use in the United States reached $23.4 billion in 2005, including the burden of addiction, premature death, drug treatment and many other aspects of the drug, according to a new RAND Corporation study.
The RAND study is the first effort to construct a comprehensive national assessment of the costs of the methamphetamine problem in the United States.
"Our findings show that the economic burden of methamphetamine abuse is substantial," said Nancy Nicosia, the study's lead author and an economist at RAND, a nonprofit research organization.
Although methamphetamine causes some unique harms, the study finds that many of the primary issues that account for the burden of methamphetamine use are similar to those identified in economic assessments of other illicit drugs.
Given the uncertainty in estimating the costs of methamphetamine use, researchers created a range of estimates. The lowest estimate for the cost of methamphetamine use in 2005 was $16.2 billion, while $48.3 billion was the highest estimate. Researchers' best estimate of the overall economic burden of methamphetamine use is $23.4 billion
The study was sponsored by the Meth Project Foundation, a nonprofit group dedicated to reducing first-time methamphetamine use. Additional support was provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
"We commissioned this study to provide decision makers with the best possible estimate of the financial burden that methamphetamine use places on the American public," said Tom Siebel, founder and chairman of the Meth Project. "This is the first comprehensive economic impact study ever to be conducted with the rigor of a traditional cost of illness study, applied specifically to methamphetamine. It provides a conservative estimate of the total cost of meth, and it reinforces the need to invest in serious prevention programs that work."
The RAND analysis found that nearly two-thirds of the economic costs caused by methamphetamine use resulted from the burden of addiction and an estimated 900 premature deaths among users in 2005. The burden of addiction was measured by quantifying the impact of the lower quality of life experienced by those addicted to the drug.
Crime and criminal justice expenses account for the second-largest category of economic costs, according to researchers. These costs include the burden of arresting and incarcerating drug offenders, as well as the costs of additional non-drug crimes caused by methamphetamine use, such as thefts committed to support a drug habit.
Other costs that significantly contribute to the RAND estimate include lost productivity, the expense of removing children from their parents' homes because of methamphetamine use and spending for drug treatment.
One new category of cost captured in the analysis is the expense associated with the production of methamphetamine. Producing methamphetamine requires toxic chemicals that can result in fire, explosions and other events. The resulting costs include the injuries suffered by emergency personnel and other victims, and efforts to clean up the hazardous waste generated by the production process.
Researchers caution that their estimates are in some cases based on an emerging understanding of methamphetamine's role in these harms and should be further refined as understanding of these issues matures. The RAND report also identifies costs that cannot yet be adequately quantified.
"Estimates of the economic costs of illicit drug use can highlight the consequences of illegal drug use on our society and focus attention on the primary drivers of those costs," Nicosia said. "But more work is needed to identify areas where interventions to reduce these harms could prove most effective."
Methamphetamine is a highly addictive substance that can be taken orally, injected, snorted or smoked. While national surveys suggest that methamphetamine use is far from common, there is evidence that the harms of methamphetamine may be concentrated in certain regions. One indicator of the problem locally is treatment admissions. Methamphetamine was the primary drug of abuse in 59 percent of the treatment admissions in Hawaii in 2004 and accounted for 38 percent of such admissions in Arizona in 2004.
The report, "The Economic Costs of Methamphetamine Use in the United States - 2005," is available at www.rand.org. Other authors of the report are Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, Beau Kilmer, Russell Lundberg and James Chiesa.
The RAND Drug Policy Research Center is a joint project of RAND Health and the RAND Safety and Justice program within RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment. The goal of the RAND Drug Policy Research Center is to provide a firm, empirical foundation upon which sound drug policies can be built.
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How do you test a piece of software or module that came for retesting, meaning you found some bugs, submitted them to developers that fixed them and sent the module back for retesting?
I think that, whether roles such as QA experts are more or less defined in the team, the person who found the bugs should accurately check the software, as she's the one with more experience on the history of the bugs. It would also be useful to hand the software to another tester, which could look at it with a different perspective and identify more and/or better tests.
The important thing is that tests should be repeatable, better yet automated where possible, otherwise it would be very difficult to positively assert that the bug has been fixed.
Space Agency – Escape Velocity
2 days ago
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Errant pixels and blurry regions in a photo, whether digital or scanned, are the bane of photographers everywhere. Moreover, in vision processing research degraded photos are common and require restoration to a high-quality undegraded state. Research published this month in the International Journal of Signal and Imaging Systems Engineering could provide new insights.
There are countless examples of image editors and photo cleanup software that have built-in tools designed to remove noise and sharpen up edges. Some of these are very powerful others less so. Any “cleanup” process that works by changing individual pixels leads to overall degradation of the image and loss of information. However, a delicate touch with the most subtle tools can produce acceptable quality results.
Now, S. Uma of the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, at Coimbatore Institute of Technology, and S. Annadurai of the Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India, have turned to neural networks to help them clean up their image. The approach could significantly reduce information loss while reversing blurring caused by lens aberrations and faults and reducing noise that distorts the appearance of an image. The team suggests that distortions in an image due to atmospheric disturbances between camera and distant subjects could be unraveled and a photo taken on a hot, hazy day made acceptable.
The researchers point out that earlier attempts at this kind of inverse filtering of an image rely on the image having a high signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio. Other approaches require huge amounts of computing power and are generally untenable. This is especially true in the fledgling field of artificial vision, whether robotic or prosthetic. However, some success with neural networks has been achieved.
Now, Uma and Annadurai have developed a modified recurrent Hopfield neural network that builds and extends the work of others to allow them to quickly process an image reducing distortion, noise and blurring. The team has tested their approach on square grayscale images just 256 pixels across. They were able to reverse severe blurring and noise deliberately added to the original photographic sample to much more acceptable levels in a short time using limited computing resources than was possible with previous neural network approaches or any other inverse filtering techniques.
An analysis of the before and after quality shows that quality is improved by between 39% and 67% using the team’s approach and results take half the time of other methods that produce lesser improvements. The success bodes well for image processing, in various fields including vision research, art, homeland security, and science.
[S. Uma @ Inderscience Publishers]
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In the past few editions of the National Electrical Code (NEC), light-emitting diode (LED) illumination systems have been inserted into almost every article where lighting is mentioned. Continuing that trend in the 2011 NEC, Article 410 (luminaires) and Article 600 (electric signs and outline lighting) have been updated with additions concerning LEDs. A detailed study of LED sources is necessary to understand the benefits and the limitations of these devices.
The following information and more is available on Wikipedia: “Light--emitting diode or LED is a semiconductor light source that was introduced as a practical electronic component in 1962. Early LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but modern versions are available across visible ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. The basic operation of an LED occurs when a light-emitting diode is forward biased (switched on); electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor. LEDs are often small in area (less than 1 mm2), and integrated optical components may be used to shape its radiation pattern. On the plus side, LEDs present many advantages over incandescent light sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved robustness, smaller size, faster switching, and greater durability and reliability. On the negative side, LEDs powerful enough for room lighting are relatively expensive and require more precise current and heat management than compact fluorescent lamp sources of comparable output.”
Going back to the Code: Most of the requirements addressing LED luminaires in a clothes closet were accomplished in the 2008 NEC with the exception of the types of luminaires permitted in 410.16(A). The text in 410.16(A), with new text underlined, states “Only luminaires of the following types shall be permitted in a closet: (1) surface mounted or recessed incandescent or LED luminaires with completely enclosed light sources, (2) surface mounted or recessed fluorescent luminaires, and (3) surface mounted fluorescent or LED luminaires identified as suitable for installation within the closet storage space.” Section 410.16(A) provides the types of luminaires, and (C) provides the minimum clearance and specific locations for all luminaires in a closet.
LED sign illumination systems are defined as a complete lighting system for use in signs and outline lighting consisting of light-emitting diode (LED) light sources, power supplies, wire and connectors to complete the installation. In addition, a new 600.33 has been inserted into Part II of Article 600, covering secondary wiring for these LED sign illumination systems. The secondary-side wiring methods and materials of any power supplies for LED signs must be installed in accordance with the sign manufacturer’s installation instructions, using any applicable wiring methods from Chapter 3. Based on 600.12(C) with its reference to 600.33, these secondary LED power sources have an output that is Class 2 and must comply with the requirements for Class 2 circuits in Part III of Article 725. Listed Class 2 cable from Table 725.154(G) must be installed on the secondary side of the power supply, and the conductors in these cables must have an ampacity of not less than the sign load but not smaller than 22 AWG.
Where Class 2 cables supply signs in wet locations, such as LED signs mounted on the outside of a restaurant parapet, these cables must be identified for use in a wet location or have a moisture-
impervious metal sheath. In other than wet locations, LED Class 2 power sources, such as the inside of a restaurant, can be installed using any applicable Class 2 cable permitted in Table 725.154(G). This secondary Class 2 LED wiring must be installed in a neat and workmanlike manner. Where the Class 2 cables or conductors for LEDs are installed exposed on the surface of ceilings and sidewalls, it must be supported by the building structure so the cable is not damaged by normal building use. The Class 2 cable support can be straps, staples, hangers, cable ties or similar support fittings designed and installed in such a manner as to not damage the cable. For example, using nails through the cable and into drywall would not be permitted. In addition, any Class 2 wiring method for LED sign wiring must be protected within a wall or ceiling in accordance with 300.4. Unlike most Class 2 systems, Class 2 LED wiring must comply with 600.7 for equipment grounding and bonding.
As more incandescent lamps and luminaires are phased out in favor of these more efficient light sources, there will be additional changes in the future, so watch the proposals and comments for the 2014 NEC process.
For more on LEDs, check out the special report—The LED Revolution—that appeared in the July 2011 issue of ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR.
ODE is a staff engineering associate at Underwriters Laboratories Inc., based in Peoria, Ariz. He can be reached at 919.949.2576 and email@example.com.
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America's Iconic GA Airplane Celebrates Its Heritage
Whether you fly ultralight, LSA, certified airplane, military jets, or wide-bodied airliners, there is one aircraft type that practically personifies aviation. That airplane is the Piper J-3 Cub. The 75-year-old design is perhaps the most recognizable, and most copied, airplane that has ever graced the skies.
In celebration of the 75th anniversary of the airplane, more than 125 Cubs have landed on the grounds of Wittman Regional Airport for AirVenture, 2012. And 75 of those airplanes flew in in a "mass arrival" early in the week, filling the south parking area along runway 18-36 with a virtual sea of yellow ... with the occasional glimpse of white or red. It was literally Cubs as far as the eye can see.
The people who fly Cubs are passionate about their airplanes. They talk about low and slow, doors open, wind in their face and hair, seat of the pants flying in their vintage airplanes. They take great pride in the "care and feeding" of their 65 to 75-year-old airplanes, many of which look as if they could have rolled of the factory floor the day before yesterday.
Everyone is passionate about their airplane, but Cub owners and pilots seem to be a special breed. We hope they're flying them for a long time to come.
Copyright 2012, Aero-News Network, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
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A cookie is a small amount of data, which often includes a unique identifier that is sent to your computer or mobile phone browser from a website's computer and is stored on your device. Each website can send its own cookie to your browser if your browser's preferences allow it, but (to protect your privacy) your browser only permits a website to access the cookies it has already sent to you, not the cookies sent to you by other websites. Many websites do this whenever a user visits their website in order to track online traffic flows.
As a visitor, you are able to edit your browser settings to accept all cookies, to notify them when a cookie is issued, or not to receive cookies at any time. The last of these means that the website might not work properly. Each browser is different, so check the Help menu of your browser to find out how to change your cookie preferences.
During your visit, you may notice some cookies that are not related to this site. When you visit a page with content embedded from, for example, YouTube or Flickr, you may be presented with cookies from these websites. We do not control the dissemination of these cookies. You should check the third party websites for more information about these.
Alternatively, you may wish to visit www.aboutcookies.org which contains comprehensive information on how to do this on a wide variety of browsers. You will also find details on how to delete cookies from your computer as well as more general information about cookies. For information on how to do this on the browser of your mobile phone you will need to refer to your handset manual.
Please be aware that restricting cookies may impact on the functionality of this website.
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When Dell asked me to guest blog for them at the Consumer Electronics Show 2008 in Las Vegas, I knew I was in for something interesting... a show for an industry renowned for planned obsolescence, held in a city that leaves the lights on every night and shoots off fountains in the desert...seems like a weird place to unveil a new thrust in their green campaign. Then again, there's no sense in preaching to the choir... Given the size of the audience (over 140,000 in attendance) and the green thrust CES is making this year, maybe it's the perfect place to move the Green Technology dialogue forward!
Similar to their booth at OpenWorld 2007, the Dell booth at CES has large, clear Plexiglas walls upon which attendees can write out their answers to the question "What Does Green Mean to You? We're listening." Though bigger than last time, they're beginning to fill up on the first day. It's a real kick to be here in person and see some of the additions to the display, including the Dell logo on a background of live grass, hanging on a wall made of Kirei Board – a green building material manufactured from discarded agricultural fiber. Everything here is Earth friendly, from the floor to the incredibly comfortable Eames Chairs. But the question remains...what about the computers?
Dell spokesman Sean Donahue has been hinting at something big to be released here during the show, and we'll be keeping you updated on that front, as well as providing video from both big-ticket presentations and attendees on the conference floor. If you're at the show, stop by booth #21854 located in the Sustainable Technologies TechZone of South Hall 1 in the Las Vegas Convention Center and say "Hi!"
I'll be reporting on some of the other things at CES of interest to the sustainability crowd, so be sure to check back in the coming days.
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New geological evidence indicates the Grand Canyon may be so old that dinosaurs once lumbered along its rim, according to a study by researchers from the University of Colorado at Boulder and the California Institute of Technology.
The team used a technique known as radiometric dating to show the Grand Canyon may have formed more than 55 million years ago, pushing back its assumed origins by 40 million to 50 million years. The researchers gathered evidence from rocks in the canyon and on surrounding plateaus that were deposited near sea level several hundred million years ago before the region uplifted and eroded to form the canyon.
A paper on the subject will be published in the May issue of the Geological Society of America Bulletin. CU-Boulder geological sciences Assistant Professor Rebecca Flowers, lead author and a former Caltech postdoctoral researcher, collaborated with Caltech geology Professor Brian Wernicke and Caltech geochemistry Professor Kenneth Farley on the study, which was conducted while Flowers was at Caltech.
"As rocks moved to the surface in the Grand Canyon region, they cooled off," said Flowers. "The cooling history of the rocks allowed us to reconstruct the ancient topography, telling us the Grand Canyon has an older prehistory than many had thought."
The team believes an ancestral Grand Canyon developed in its eastern section about 55 million years ago, later linking with other segments that had evolved separately. "It's a complicated picture because different segments of the canyon appear to have evolved at different times and subsequently were integrated," Flowers said.
The ancient sandstone in the canyon walls contains grains of a phosphate mineral known as apatite -- hosting trace amounts of the radioactive elements uranium and thorium -- which expel helium atoms as they decay, she said. An abundance of the three elements, paired with temperature information from Earth's interior, provided the team a clock of sorts to calculate when the apatite grains were embedded in rock a mile deep -- the approximate depth of the canyon today -- and when they cooled as they neared Earth's surface as a result of erosion.
Apatite samples from the bottom of the Upper Granite Gorge region of the Grand Canyon yield similar dates as samples collected on the nearby plateau, said Caltech's Wernicke. "Because both canyon and plateau samples resided at nearly the same depth beneath the Earth's surface 55 million years ago, a canyon of about the same dimensions of today may have existed at least that far back, and possibly as far back as the time of dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago."
One of the most surprising results from the study is the evidence showing the adjacent plateaus around the Grand Canyon may have eroded away as swiftly as the Grand Canyon itself, each dropping a mile or more, said Flowers. Small streams on the plateaus appear to have been just as effective at stripping away rock as the ancient Colorado River was at carving the massive canyon.
"If you stand on the rim of the Grand Canyon today, the bottom of the ancestral canyon would have sat over your head, incised into rocks that have since been eroded away," said Flowers. The ancestral Colorado River was likely running in the opposite direction millions of years ago, she said.
When the canyon was formed, it probably looked like a much deeper version of present-day Zion Canyon, which cuts through strata of the Mesozoic era dating from about 250 million to 65 million years ago, Wernicke said. From 28 million to 15 million years ago, a pulse of erosion deepened the already-formed canyon and also scoured surrounding plateaus, stripping off the Mesozoic strata to reveal the Paleozoic rocks visible today, he said.
The prevailing belief is that the canyon was incised by an ancient river about six million years ago as the surrounding plateau began rising from sea level to the current elevation of about 7,000 feet. The new scenario described in the GSA Bulletin by Flowers and her colleagues is consistent with recent evidence by other geologists using radiometric dating techniques indicating the Grand Canyon is significantly older than scientists had long believed.
The National Science Foundation and Caltech funded the study.
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Address and Phone:
Red Boiling Springs, TN 00000
This town sprang up around a bubbling spring, when reports of the waters healing powers spread throughout the area in the mid- 1800s. Between the 1860s and early 1900s, this was a flourishing resort town built around the many types of mineral water found here. People came from the cities and rural areas alike to relax and partake, and nine grand hotels and many boarding houses operated here. Youll see three that remain on the trail.
Get turn-by-turn direction using the interactive map above.
Looking for a day of fun and frolic? Here's a quick list of nearby attractions that you may enjoy.
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Why Therapy Dogs Are NOT Service Dogs
When you stroll through a city park with your favorite canine companion, you'll probably see dozens of other dogs. Most of them are like yours: someone’s best friend, walking buddy, or favorite snuggling partner. But some of those dogs are different –- they have jobs! Aside from being great buddies, dogs perform a variety of functions to help improve the lives of their humans.
Let's explore a few of the various types of working dogs you may encounter in your community.
Service dogs are working dogs who have been trained to perform tasks that make life easier and/or safer for those who are legally disabled.
While school-trained service dogs are traditionally German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, or Lab/Golden crosses, service dogs may be of any breed, from toy to giant breed, with appropriate temperament and ability. Service dogs have an amazing variety of functions which are highly specialized to the unique needs of a handler, and their tasks may include (but are not limited to):
- alerting people with diabetes to crashes in blood sugar levels, or people with epilepsy to impending seizures
- helping the visually impaired safely navigate through traffic
- alerting a hearing-impaired handler to a visitor’s arrival, a smoke alarm going off, or to lead the handler back to a family member who was calling for them
- retrieving medication or a cellphone when the owner is in crisis
There are about a zillion other tasks service dogs can do -- pushing doors closed and open, reminding their handlers when it’s time for medication, retrieving nearly anything, loading and unloading the laundry into baskets, turning the lights on and off, and even calling 911 in a crisis.
When service dogs are working in public, do not approach or harass them. Trust me, I know it’s hard to avoid a cute dog, but exercise some impulse control -– that dog is working hard to keep her person safe! While service dogs often wear vests, they are not required to.
Therapy dogs may be any breed of appropriate temperament. While service dogs work to mitigate the disability of a single person, therapy dogs are generally exceptionally friendly and well-trained pets who are not generally task-trained except for really cute and fun tricks. They may visit hospitals, reading programs, rehabilitation centers, and even courtrooms.
Therapy dogs are not permitted public access, except in the environments where they are working for the hours they are scheduled to work. They cannot go into restaurants, on public transportation where pets are not generally permitted, in stores, or to the doctor’s office. They may wear special vests while working.
Therapy dogs are often certified through various organizations like Therapy Dogs International. It is important to note that service dogs are not therapy dogs, and therapy dogs are not service dogs; the two are often confused.
Law Enforcement and Military Working Dogs
Law enforcement and the military use dogs for a variety of reasons.These dogs may work in the streets, on the battle lines, and at many major airports. They are also trained to perform specific tasks, and the breed of dog selected often varies by the task – law enforcement and military operations use a variety of breeds, from Beagles to Beaucerons. The jobs these dogs may occupy include:
- Tracking suspects -- and victims -- in criminal cases
- Search-and-rescue operations
- Detection: Dogs may learn to detect the presence of illegal items, including nonnative flora and fauna, at national borders; they may detect drugs, weapons, and evidence in our communities, or alerting soldiers to the presence of landmines; or they may even sniff out the poop of rare animals for conservation purposes.
- Protection and apprehension: Some dogs are trained to chase down and apprehend suspects while protecting their handlers.
These dogs are permitted public access when they are on duty. Many of them spend their evenings relaxing as family pets and their days working hard to keep us safe. Again, these dogs should not be approached, distracted, or otherwise engaged while working.
These dogs provide therapeutic benefits to legally disabled handlers through companionship. They are not task-trained like their service dog brethren, and are therefore not entitled to the same public access rights. They are, however, eligible to live in housing where pets are otherwise banned, and also may travel with their handlers on airlines (though you may be asked to provide written verification from a medical or mental health professional regarding your dog's ESA status).
This category includes Border Collies that live their lives helping out on the ranch or are hired by local golf courses to scare the oft-pooping migrating geese away; Jack Russells who keep the farm free of vermin; and livestock guardians that protect the flock at night. Working pets may be the rarest of all breeds, which is why you'll need to find your dog new jobs (like agility, nosework, rally obedience, etc.) to keep him happily engaged and active.
Do you know of any working dogs in your community? Does your dog have a very important job? If so, please share in the comments!
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NVIDIA GT200 Revealed - GeForce GTX 280 and GTX 260 Review
NVIDIA GT200 Architecture (cont'd)
Memory Controller Gets an Upgrade
Remember when the G80 was launched as we saw odd frame buffer sizes
on 8800 GTX cards like 768MB or 640MB? That was because the G80 used a
384-bit memory controller at a time when the Radeon HD 2000/3000 series
cards used up to a 512-bit memory controller. When G92 was introduced
it was developed with a 256-bit memory controller and it turned out to
be a noticeable hindrance to performance – comparisons of similarly
clocked G92 and G80 parts showed the G80 having a big memory
NVIDIA addresses that in the GT200 design with its own 512-bit
memory controller; or more precisely a combination of 8 separate 64-bit
memory controllers. Each of the 8 memory controllers is connected to a
single block of ROPs as we are accustomed to. This doesn’t mean we’ll
only be getting 512MB or 1024MB memory configurations though – as we’ll
soon see the GTX 260 actually uses 896MB!
Much has been made recently about AMD’s pre-announcement that their
next-generation part would utilize GDDR5 memory technologies; NVIDIA
was quick to point out that using technology for technology’s sake is a
waste if it does not net you additional performance. The memory
controller on GT200 can support either GDDR3 or GDDR4 memory but all
the initial boards will be using GDDR3 because NVIDIA doesn’t see the
benefits of GDDR4 from a cost/frequency perspective. With GDDR3
supplying sufficient clock speed and data rate per pin to mostly
saturate GT200’s memory bus, a move to a solution that is half as wide
but twice as fast doesn’t always save you on transistor budget. We’ll
have to see how AMD’s technology takes advantage of GDDR5 before really
making our committed analysis.
Looking at the Chip “As Big As Your Head”
Keeping mind that NVIDIA is building these on 300mm wafers, let’s look at this shot:
This is probably the first time you can actually look at the wafer
shot provided by a company and count, easily, how many GT200s the
company could make pending 100% yield. The answer by the way is 95.
This die shot highlights a single shader processor and a cluster of 24 with corresponding memory and logic.
And again, here is the GT200 die with an overlay of all the common
GPU functionality: SPs, texture units, ROPs, memory controllers and
“mystery logic” in the middle that likely includes the VP2 engine, SLI
support and more.
Power Efficiency Increases
Another one of NVIDIA’s key improvements with the GT200 design come
in the form of power management and efficiency increases. The new core
design is much more granular in the way it powers down segments not
being used at any given time in order to save on idle and low
processing power consumption. For example, while the G80 used about 80
watts at idle, the G92 used 45 watts while the new GT200 will use only
25 watts at idle. Considering the increased size of the chip and
increase in gaming performance, this is an impressive feat.
How is it done? The GT200 integrates some advanced power saving
features such as improved clock gating and clock and voltage scaling.
NVIDIA even claimed the ability to turn off components unit-by-unit,
though I am unsure if this means to each stream processor or to each
block of 8 SPs or each block of 24 SPs – my guess in the last option.
The slope of power can be more finely adjusted with an order of
magnitude more “steps” on the ladder between powering off and full
speed. As an example of this, NVIDIA’s Tony Tomasi said that for video
decoding the GT200 only has about half as much area powered up than the
G92, even with the larger die size taken into consideration.
The Hybrid Power technologies that were introduced with the 9800
GTX and the 9800 GX2 are again present in the GT200 series of graphics
cards, but one has to wonder how useful they have become. If the GT200
cards are only using 25 watts at idle as NVIDIA states, then power that
last 25 watts off shouldn’t be a big a “boost” in power savings
compared to the G92 that used 45+ watts. Oh well, I guess any power
savings is good power savings at this point.
If we look just at marketable features besides the obvious of
“better performance”, the new architecture doesn’t have much to add.
HybridPower still exists as I just discussed, 2-Way and 3-Way SLI
support continues and the PureVideo 2 engine that was introduced on the
GeForce 9-series is here as well.
Perhaps the only “new” feature is one we couldn’t test yet: PhysX
support. Since NVIDIA purchased AGEIA some months ago the promise of
running PhysX on your GeForce GPU has been there. The status of the
CUDA revision of the PhysX has apparently been going very well – in
just two months of work the team has converted soft bodies, fluid and
cloth to the GPU successfully with just rigid bodies as the last point
As far as PhysX performance is concerned, I asked about a crossover
point where the GPU and PPU (the dedicated PPU hardware that AGEIA sold
in market) performed the same. The PhysX team didn’t have an exact
answer yet but said it probably fell in line of a mid-range GeForce
8-series card; 8600 GT or so. What was good to hear was that even with
the penalty in “context switching” a single GT200 card should be able
to render faster than a single 9800 GTX card with dedicated PPU could
have done. Context switching is the process by which a GPU is forced
to change states, rendering graphical data versus computing physics or
other data; the faster this can occur the less latency the system will
see from the inclusion of PhysX and other simulation add-ons.
The GT200 continues to use an external display chip for digital and
analog outputs (and inputs if any) which was kind of surprising.
Essentially the GT200 outputs a single stream to the dedicated display
chip that is responsible for branching out connections like HDMI, DVI,
VGA and TV output. NVIDIA claimed this helped with board design,
making custom designs much more straight forward for third-parties.
This IO chip that NVIDIA is using is also the first to officially
support 10bit digital output – for whenever those accompanying monitors
start showing up.
One thing you will NOT find on the GT200: official support for the
DX10.1 standard. This came as quite a shock to us since NVIDIA has had
plenty of time to integrate into their core – AMD has had DX10.1
support in their GPUs since the HD 3800 series was released last year.
NVIDIA did say that they have quite a bit of UNOFFICIAL support for
DX10.1 features in their GT200 chip but because the DX10 rules state
it’s “all or nothing” for claiming a technology conformity, NVIDIA is
left with only a DX10 architecture part. They did commit to “working
with developers and ISVs that want to use those deferred rendering
paths” for any titles; of course we DID have a big fallout from
Assassin’s Creed recently that we are curious (but likely to never
will) to know the truth on…
Read more about the GT200 and general purpose parallel computing in our separate article: Moving Away From Just a GPU.
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Modern and Contemporary Art
Man, Woman, and ChildMade in Paris, France, Europe
Joan Miró, Spanish, 1893 - 1983
Oil and/or aqueous medium on canvas© Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ADAGP, Paris
35 3/16 x 45 3/4 inches (89.4 x 116.2 cm)
* Gallery 48, Modern and Contemporary Art, ground floor
1950-134-144The Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection, 1950
With Galerie Pierre, Paris, 1931 and still in 1936 ; with Howard Putzel, Los Angeles; sold to Louise and Walter C. Arensberg, Los Angeles, by July 1938 ; gift to PMA, 1950.
1. A label on the back of the painting for the exhibition "L'École de Paris," Prague, 1931, gives the owner as Galerie Pierre, Paris. Galerie Pierre is also listed as the painting's lender for the "International Surrealist Exhibition" at the New Burlington Galleries, London, in 1936.
2. The Arensbergs' provenance notes compiled 1951 (PMA, Arensberg Archives, CA Use Tax) give Putzel as the source, but erroneously record the painting as having been purchased "long before 1935." As Putzel closed his gallery in July 1938, the Arensbergs must have purchased the work between 1936 and 1938 (see Melvin P. Lader, "Howard Putzel: Proponent of Surrealism and Early Abstract Expressionism in America," Arts Magazine, v. 56, no. 7, March 1982, p. 86-87).
* Works in the collection are moved off view for many different reasons. Although gallery locations on the website are updated regularly, there is no guarantee that this object will be on display on the day of your visit.
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A Weekend of Moby Dick in New Bedford
So, you like to be fun and cultural. To see how deep your date is this weekend, bring he or she to this weekend’s event, The New Bedford Whaling Museum is a perfect opportunity for you to bring a date or even the kids for a reading of an American classic, the point in history when American Literature first made an impact!
Moby Dick, a novel by Herman Melville, first published in 1851, it’s a treasure of world literature. The story tells the adventures of wandering sailor Ishmael, and his voyage on the whaleship Pequod, commanded by Captain Ahab. Ishmael soon learns that Ahab has one purpose on this voyage: to seek out Moby Dick, a ferocious, enigmatic white sperm whale. In a previous encounter, the whale destroyed Ahab’s boat and bit off his leg, which now drives Ahab to take revenge. A weekend of Moby Dick, Tickets are $29 each and can be purchased by calling (508) 997-0046 x100. or log on http://www.whalingmuseum.org/programs/moby-dick-marathon-2013
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Santo Domingo.- Natural gas’s future as an energy source is promising because it’s the most efficient, least polluting, environmentally friendly, safest, cheapest fuel and still the most competitive despite recent price jumps.
The statement by Jesus Bolinaga, president of the country’s sole natural gas importer, comes in the heels of allegations of monopoly from transport unions, motorists and industries, who complain that the increases renege government sponsored agreements that the fuel’s price would be stable.
The CEO of AES Dominicana defended the company’s role in the local fuel market, noting that it has no influence in any price fluctuations, and that it’s the international market which sets the conditions.
Quoted by listin.com.do, Bolinaga said the government, industry and consumers, through transport, were the ones which most benefited from natural gas and had if it weren’t for its prevalence in the energy production, the electricity sector’s subsidy would’ve been around US$400.0 million more this year.
Bolinaga said as a company AES has been consistent with its growth policy in Dominican Republic and with extending the benefits of its operation to the people in general, noting however that the multinational has had its ups and downs in that process.
He said when AES won the 20 year contract for natural gas in 2001, fuel prices weren’t attractive at the time, because the power plants were often off line when operations began. He said however that the company has been consistent with its long-term vision and supports the government in economic development.
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My dad wore an Air Force uniform for 20-some years — the reason, perhaps, I've always had a special sensitivity toward veterans' issues.
I remember as a kid watching the nightly news and shaking my head in disbelief as footage showed returning Vietnam veterans being booed by crowds — as if the soldiers were somehow responsible for the mess in Southeast Asia. More recently, I recall the horror incited by the 2007 Washington Post series that revealed horrible neglect of wounded veterans at Walter Reed hospital. It's shameful that people who put themselves in harm's way because of patriotic duty can be treated so shabbily.
So I read Contributing Writer Sara Anne Donnelly's cover story, "Jobs for vets," with great interest, hoping this most recent wave of returning G.I.s would have greater public support. Thanks to some recent efforts locally, it seems they have. Organizations to help returning Gulf War II vets find good employment have cropped up, including an effort to match vets with business mentors. Check it out — it might prompt a connection that benefits you and a veteran.
Jobs are on everyone's minds these days. In northern Maine, the focus of this issue, hopes are high that a database of positions within The County's top 50 employers and the skills associated with those jobs will provide the glue to keep young people in the region, which Contributing Writer Derek Rice examines in "Work in progress," starting on page 22. The initiative proposes that integrating projected job skills with curriculum offerings is a way to strengthen work force development and get the word out that there are good-paying, good-quality jobs in even the farthest corners of Maine.
Economic development is also on the minds of folks in Piscataquis County, where the impending completion of the Three Ring Binder broadband project will open new possibilities for earning a good livelihood in Maine's most rural county, as explained by Senior Writer Randy Billings in "Spinal tap," starting on page 26. And finally, Staff Writer Matt Dodge takes a look at the growing biomass industry in northern Maine in "Waste not," starting on page 24, that examines how new federal funds and some novel private financing are propelling that industry.
Speaking of going places, trucking company Hartt Transportation in Bangor is reaping the rewards of investing in technology such as tracking and fuel optimization software. The company, which earned $10 million in the late 1990s, expects to reach $130 million this year. Contributing Writer Bob Mentzinger tells the company's story in "Shifting gears," starting on the cover.
And finally, we got word recently that Mal Leary, the Capitol News Service correspondent who writes our regular column, Capitol Update, is in the hospital battling an infection. Get well, Mal. Who knows what skullduggery might be afoot in Augusta without the dean of the State House press corps presiding.
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YOUR next computer could replace your video recorderat least, that's the promise from a Canadian software house called MGI. The Toronto-based company this week teamed up with British electrical retailer Dixons to launch a PC that doubles as a 13-hour digital video recorder (DVR).
The launch challenges plans by video industry giants such as Philips, Sony and Panasonic, who want consumers to buy a new generation of set-top boxes that record many hours of TV on a built-in hard drive. These are already on sale in the US. But MGI thinks viewers will not want to keep adding set-top boxes to their cable or digital receivers. It believes PCs can do the job just as well.
MGI's video recording software, called Pure Diva, runs on a Pentium III-based PC and requires around 3 gigabytes of disc space for every hour of video recorded. The program is being preloaded on Dixons' ...
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.
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||Mino (guest, 126.96.36.199)
||May 14, 2012 at 1:00:26 PM
This surnames has chenged its spelling in English. Still now in Italy there area two variants of the same name:
Della Costa, extremely rear, it is known in Abruzzo region
Dalla Costa muche more commn, spread in Venice region: Vicenza, Treviso and Venice areas.
The original surname could be Dalla Costa changed in Dellacosta. The meaning of both surnames is the same.
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