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Alternative title: Why I moved to China
Tyler Cowen likes to say that everyone is a regional thinker. It took me a while to understand how that applied to me. I have a split identity (and two passports to go with them). I am both Portuguese and British, with a German high-school education (in Lisbon). So, it’s not even clear which region I should be grouped with.
But Tyler’s statement (as I understand it) is not everyone can be classified as belonging to a regional school of thought, but rather your thinking, even in the most abstract of subjects will have been molded by where you spent your formative years.
I grew up in Portugal, coming of age in the 1990s. The narrative I learned at the time goes as follows: Portugal was held back by its mid-20th century dictatorship. Salazar, dictator from 1926-1968, famously said “Portugal will be proudly alone” and turned the country’s back to the world. Fortunately for the country (unfortunately for the regime), people were still learning about the outside world and eventually got fed up: after the revolution in 1974, the country turned to Europe, joined the EU, and started to catch up to the rest of the West.
Now, we were the first generation to grow up in a modern Portugal and we would have lives that were European and turned to the future, not the past. Everyone complained about all the construction that was taking place as the city of Lisbon was being transformed into a modern city, but it was also a sign of progress. The high point of this period was the 1998 World Expo in Lisbon, which included a large expansion of the subway network, and a shiny new bridge across the Tagus, at the time the longest in Europe.
I could now point to where this narrative was a bit too simplistic (in particular, there was a lot of economic growth in the 1950s and 60s, and the true victims of the dictatorship were in the African colonies), but the point is that this is how we thought of the situation: Portugal had been held back by an accident of history and we could see Spain across the border being slightly richer as an example of where the country would be a few years later and the core of the EU as where we could expect to be within our lifetimes.
In 1998, the World Expo in Lisbon was a huge success (after a few initial hiccups), a whole new modern-looking neighbourhood was built on what had been industrial lands. Now UN Secretary-General Guterres was prime-minister and he was one of the darlings of the international “Third Wave Socialists” movement. Portugal had gotten rid of the nasty Right-wing in 1974, now it also had a modern Left-wing.
Then came nothing. Economic growth stumbled. Guterres resigned a few years later (curiously, for someone who was bringing modern social-democracy to the country, Guterres was, and probably still is, a social-conservative). Outside of Lisbon, things were still improving as the other cities caught up to the capital, but eventually that petered out. Portugal has now had two lost decades. Adjusting for inflation, GDP per capita grew 7% between 2000 and 2008. I mean it grew 7% over that whole period, not on a yearly basis. Then it fell during the crisis and only last year did it get back to 2008 levels, so that between 2000 and 2017, total growth was 7%. Nobody believes that today’s 20-year-old kids will have an European lifestyle (and I don’t even mean a Nordic lifestyle, just a France/German lifestyle).
A few months ago, Noah Smith tweeted that “people compare themselves to other in their society, so saying that ‘things are getting better’ doesn’t help. Nobody compares themselves to people in 2318”. When I read that, I thought, “Why not? I might not look 300 years into the future, but I certainly compare our world to the world in 2038 and think we’re failing”. (Noah might have tweeted a better version, I couldn’t find the original tweet).
The idea of a Great Stagnation has always been deeply intuitive to me and I frankly cannot understand people who say that technology is moving too fast. I grew up seeing real change around me, see it suddenly stop, and feeling short changed by Portugal. Eventually, I left. I didn’t leave because growth stopped, but I stayed away because growth stopped.
I see a lot of superficial changes all the time, but that’s like fashion: now we wear tight jeans, we used to wear bell-bottoms. It’s change, it may even be a good thing, in that it is “fun and breaks the monotony” but it is not progress.
To be sure, stagnation may not be so bad. Germany is the stagnant country par excellence and it’s a nice place to live. It is certainly one of the best countries in the world in terms of quality of life. But, Germany is stagnant and once you see it, the gap between what could easily be and what actually is gets too large to be ignored. As time goes on, the gap will only get larger.
I guess if you grow up without large changes for decades, you start to expect stagnation, maybe even enjoy it. You compare yourself to the Jones’ next door and not to 2038 because there is no picture in your minds’ eye of what 2038 should look like and how it should be better.
The population who lived in Portugal through the last 10 years now gets excited over 2.2% year-on-year growth. After so many years of nothing, mediocre growth feels amazing. Still, if you cross the border into Spain it no longer feels “this is what Portugal will be in 2021”. Compared to Portugal, Spain now feels like a much wealthier, qualitatively different, better economy. Portugal could have been that, but, at least in my lifetime, it probably won’t be. This is a lost opportunity and it brings me sadness.
Maybe it’s not that I am a regional thinker, but a regional feeler. I have a visceral feel for what it means to “grow to the level of Greece or Portugal and then stop there” that comes from lived experience.
In summary, this is why I recommend you read Stubborn Attachments. | <urn:uuid:e3a06d5c-b53a-440a-95eb-9aa04597805f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://metarabbit.wordpress.com/2018/12/05/i-am-a-regional-thinker-a-review-of-stubborn-attachments/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.978851 | 1,358 | 1.5 | 2 |
The research presented in this thesis aims to address the issue of undiagnosed diabetes cases. The current state of knowledge is that one in seventy people in the United Kingdom are living with undiagnosed diabetes, and only one in a hundred people could identify the main signs of diabetes. Some of the tools available for predicting diabetes are either too simplistic and/or rely on superficial data for inference. On the positive side, the National Health Service (NHS) are improving data recording in this domain by offering health check to adults aged 40 - 70. Data from such programme could be utilised to mitigate the issue of superficial data; but also help to develop a predictive tool that facilitates a change from the current reactive care, onto one that is proactive. This thesis presents a tool based on a machine learning ensemble for predicting diabetes onset. Ensembles often perform better than a single classifier, and accuracy and diversity have been highlighted as the two vital requirements for constructing good ensemble classifiers. Experiments in this thesis explore the relationship between diversity from heterogeneous ensemble classifiers and the accuracy of predictions through feature subset selection in order to predict diabetes onset. Data from a national health check programme (similar to NHS health check) was used. The aim is to predict diabetes onset better than other similar studies within the literature. For the experiments, predictions from five base classifiers (Sequential Minimal Optimisation (SMO), Radial Basis Function (RBF), Naïve Bayes (NB), Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce Error Reduction (RIPPER) and C4.5 decision tree), performing the same task, are exploited in all possible combinations to construct 26 ensemble models. The training data feature space was searched to select the best feature subset for each classifier. Selected subsets are used to train the classifiers and their predictions are combined using k-Nearest Neighbours algorithm as meta-classifier. Results are analysed using four performance metrics (accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC) to determine (i) if ensembles always perform better than single classifier; and (ii) the impact of diversity (from heterogeneous classifiers) and accuracy (through feature subset selection) on ensemble performance. At base classification level, RBF produced better results than the other four classifiers with 78%accuracy, 82% sensitivity, 73% specificity and 85% AUC. A comparative study shows that RBF model is more accurate than 9 ensembles, more sensitive than 13 ensembles, more specific than 9 ensembles; and produced better AUC than 25 ensembles. This means that ensembles do not always perform better than its constituent classifiers. Of those ensembles that performed better than RBF, the combination of C4.5, RIPPER and NB produced the highest results with 83% accuracy, 87% sensitivity, 79% specificity, and 86% AUC. When compared to the RBF model, the result shows 5.37% accuracy improvement which is significant (p = 0.0332). The experiments show how data from medical health examination can be utilised to address the issue of undiagnosed cases of diabetes. Models constructed with such data would facilitate the much desired shift from preventive to proactive care for individuals at high risk of diabetes. From the machine learning view point, it was established that ensembles constructed based on diverse and accurate base learners, have the potential to produce significant improvement in accuracy, compared to its individual constituent classifiers. In addition, the ensemble presented in this thesis is at least 1% and at most 23% more accurate than similar research studies found within the literature. This validates the superiority of the method implemented.
|Publication status||Published - 26 Mar 2018| | <urn:uuid:0ef7250c-c57e-4141-ae56-3e5bae1ce702> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/en/publications/ensemble-based-supervised-learning-for-predicting-diabetes-onset | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.926237 | 781 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Researchers consistently find that the experience of disability in childhood can influence future life trajectories, particularly with regard to economic and educational outcomes. However, relatively little research has been conducted to explore the effect of disability on other dimensions of the transition to adulthood: namely, its effect on family-formation outcomes. This study uses data from waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health in order to assess the effect of various types of disabilities on the likelihood and timing of entry into a first marriage. Both bivariate and multivariate models show that individuals who have a disabling condition have a lower chance of entry into a first marriage than do individuals who do not have a disability. However, further analysis reveals that not all types of disabilities have the same effect on the chances of marriage-individuals with learning disabilities and those with multiple disabilities are at a significantly lower hazard of entry into a first marriage than are their peers without disabilities.
This is the author's final draft of the paper published as International Journal of Sociology, 2008, 38 (2), pp. 54-62. Copyright M.E. Sharpe. The final version is available from http://mesharpe.metapress.com/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&backto=issue,5,7;journal,7,24;linkingpublicationresults,1:110910,1. Doi: 10.2753/IJS0020-7659380204 The Italian antiracist movement is a composite political entity that has expressed the views, concerns, and political protests of various institutionalized and noninstitutionalized constituencies. In recent years, this movement has mainly taken a defensive stand because in the mind of many Italians "race" is associated with migration, which, in turn, is associated with crime, ethnic rivalry, and illegality. The movement has focused on affirming the primacy of human rights and individual responsibility in the face of a political system that has often yielded to negative stereotypes in order to exploit emerging political opportunities for the populist right. In addition, the movement has been active in particular policy fields where racial discrimination is more likely to occur, such as housing policy, education, sports, health policy, and practices in the job market. This article reviews the role and impact of the main actors of the antiracist movement in terms of its structure and composition, its campaigns, and its activities. It argues that facing hostile public opinion, and interpreting the grievances of socially and politically weak groups of recently arrived migrants, it has learned to rely on the generalist associational resources of the leftist and Catholic conscience constituencies. It has formed a broad and articulated antiexclusionary advocacy coalition.
This article considers how youth and antiracist mobilizations in the United Kingdom following the change in government from Conservative to Labour in 1997 ushered in a new legislative framework concerning equal opportunities and antidiscrimination. It discusses how young antiracists have responded to changing circumstances, by highlighting the part that they have played in recentering antiracism from a peripheral concern to its current position of received wisdom against a backdrop of shifting political and cultural terrain in post 2000 Britain.
Describes current challenges to the traditional view of sociologists that black families are characterized by pathologies of illegitimacy, matriarchy, family disorganization and low male aspiration. Discusses emerging positive approaches, including a broad relativistic reinterpretation of Afro-Americans. (SF)
This study examines the impact of armed conflict on male and female adult cardiovascular disease mortality. This is an indirect health consequence of war that has not been given enough attention in social science research. The depletion of resources, access to health care, and general disruption to everyday life during times of armed conflict create excess stress and burdens, which increase deaths caused by cardiovascular disease. I use a variety of data to measure demographic, developmental, and conflict-related outcomes. I find that all types of armed conflict increase the cardiovascular disease mortality rates among both females and males across countries and over time. Master of Science;
Wildlife is a critical component of protected areas worldwide. It can serve not only as a primary attraction or an enjoyable part of the visitor experience but also as a source of conflict. Managing wildlife in this context requires a broadbased approach that can account for the myriad factors underlying conservation effectiveness, including the nature of people's relationships with wildlife. These relationships stem from the cognitive foundation that shapes human behavior toward wildlife. Our theory of wildlife value orientations contends that, at an individual level, broad cultural ideals or value orientations form the basis for more specific cognitions that in turn drive individual action. We extend this cognitive hierarchy framework to account for the role of societal forces that give rise to cultural values and their orientations over time. Using empirical data from two cases, we surview this micro-macro approach and explore its implications for protected-area management. First, data from a nineteen-state study conducted in 2004 via mail survey in the United States show how two contrasting orientations—domination and mutualism—produce different attitudes and behaviors toward wildlife. Hierarchical linear modeling of these data supports a societal-level shift from domination to mutualism in response to modernization. Second, a 2007-8 exploratory application of our approach in ten European countries provides further evidence of the role of value orientations in shaping individual response to wildlife issues. Together, these studies highlight the importance of multilevel models for exploring the social aspects of wildlife and protected-area management.
This article provide an in-depth examination into how the existence of "informal" work practices, in a particular location, namely, the higher education system in Ukraine impacts the everyday lives of a specific population group, namely, students. The article provides a comprehensive overview of corruption in post-Soviet education systems, suggesting some historical and contemporary reasons for its current scale. In particular, the article focuses on students' experiences of corruption, first, exploring the difficulties that many individuals face when trying to gain access to the higher education system, and second, outlining students' experiences while progressing through the course. The article's concluding section examines the wider outcome of these processes on Ukrainian society as a whole as well as the impacts on individual students.
Little research has been done on the transition fromunemployment to self-employment as influenced by "bridging allowances"(BA) and on the effects of BA on business survival and growth.Because ofincreased levels of unemployment among German workers, the German governmenteased restrictions on bridging allowances that provide subsidies for unemployedworkers to start their own businesses. This article attempts to fill in some of the research gaps, analyzingempirical data from the German Socioeconomic Panel (GSOEP) and from individualGerman firms.Following the literature review, the theoretical aspects ofthe way BA takes effect and the transition to self-employment arediscussed.Institutional arrangements of BA, as well as individualdeterminants, are explored in terms of their influence on the move fromunemployment to self-employment. To analyze the data, an econometric methodology was applied.Resultsindicate that new business formation by the unemployed has no effect on growthof subsidized firms. Therefore, such allowances during the transition haveneither positive nor negative effects on job creation in new firms.Littleempirical evidence exists to support the idea that BA will promote a decline inGerman unemployment rates.Factors that contributed to the overallfindings are discussed, and areas for future research are suggested.(AKP)
During the Soviet period. the structure of wages in all of the Soviet republics was compressed. A central question for the transition in Estonia is whether wage differentials will begin to reflect real differences in human capital and sectorial shifts in production. Thus, wage determinants in Estonia are examined during the early stages of its transition toward a market economy. In addition, wage determinants are tested to determine if there are any differences between the state and nons tate sectors as well as whether wages are higher in the nonstate sector even after controlling for selection bias.
The findings are that while being male positively affects wages in both sectors, being Russian positively affects wages only in the private sector. Higher education has a greater positive impact on wages in the nons tate sector. There is a positive return for working in the nons tate sector, and it actually increases—from 20 to 28 percent—when controlling for selection.
This paper develops a new concept called virus-combat social capital and presents relevant findings from a survey of 3009 Chinese WeChat networkers. Virus-combat social capital is defined by the intensity and extensity of social connectedness under conditions of physical isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey shows that as compared to their counterparts, Chinese people with higher virus-combat social capital consistently do better in both behavioral responses and measures of quality of life.
This study examines whether and how the lockdown due to the Covid-19 epidemic affected the division of household activities between partners in a sample of dual-earner heterosexual couples in Italy. Although women have been more and more present on the labor market, inequality in household activities remains high, with Italian women doing 86,4% of house chores and childcare tasks. Past research sought an explanation without reaching consensus, notwithstanding the effort to disentangle three main factors: availability of time, availability of resources, or gender roles. The Covid-19 crisis, which forced many couples to stay at home for at least one month and a half, allows assessing the weight of these different factors in the division of household activities. We conducted an online survey, which one partner per couple has been asked to answer (N = 934 cases, 613 of which are workers of the University of Milan). Our results show that the division of household and care activities remains highly gendered for the more unpleasant tasks, while some others, such as cooking, are less gender sensitive. Women have still a greater burden of house chores and childcare, no matter whether they had their income or suffered some loss, and no matter whether they or their partner worked at home or the workplace. Therefore, we conclude that the lockdown provoked by Covid-19 has shown that gender, intended as a social construction, is still a determinant that explains the inequality in household activities. This result is even more important because the Covid-19 related restrictions might in the future impact women’s careers, already hindered by many factors in the Italian labor market, by assigning them an overload of domestic tasks, especially childcare tasks, such as homeschooling, which will partly continue in the coming months.
This study examines nonresident parents' contact with their children in Hungary during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted 22 semi-structured interviews with 14 nonresidential fathers, 3 resident mothers and 5 parents who have shared custody arrangements in order to reveal whether this unique situation had any effects on their contact patterns and whether online contact became more widespread during the pandemic. Our results showed that considerable changes occurred in the personal contact between nonresidents parents and their children due to the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic, such as changes in working conditions and online education. Online communication became a substitute in cases where personal contact was suspended.
The COVID-19 global pandemic has forced governments to adopt strategies to limit the spread of the virus in the first half of 2020. Under comprehensive lockdown and quarantine measures, social life and interpersonal contacts have changed drastically. We explore the extent to which people have adjusted their daily contacts in Taiwan, where the spread of the coronavirus has been minimal and only some potential virus carriers were ordered to quarantine at home. To compare contact patterns across time and between groups, we used longitudinal online surveys and 30-day web-based contact diaries to collect data from a quarantined and a never-quarantined group of people between late March and early May in 2020. Based on individual survey data (N = 298) and diary records (N = 42,102), we first assess the extent and mode of contacts among all participants against a representative sample of Taiwan that was part of the 2017 module of the International Social Survey Program (ISSP), filtering for age and education to make the groups compatible. Then we evaluate how the daily contacts of the quarantined group (N = 140) differed between shortly before quarantine and during quarantine, and between during quarantine and after quarantine. We also compare between the quarantined group, using only after quarantine data, and the never-quarantined group (N = 158). Preliminary findings indicate some major differences and shed new light on how a contact-based approach to social network studies may help pinpoint precise changes in social interactions under complex circumstances during a pandemic.
This article reports two analyses of changes in social mobility in Hungary during the period from the 1930s through the 1980s. The first analysis is based on retrospective life-history data from merged files from the 1973 and 1983 Hungarian social mobility surveys. It reveals the ways in which Hungarian intergenerational social mobility changed across single years of time and birth cohorts. The patterns of change reflect the effects of historical changes in social policy far more clearly than cross-sectional data aggregated over cohorts. The second analysis, based on career histories in the 1983 survey, reports changes in mobility into the Hungarian elite, showing that persons of privileged class backgrounds suffered diminished opportunities during the 1950s but, to some extent, regained positions thereafter.
This article summarizes the main findings reported in this issue of IJS. The patterns of relative magnitudes of class divisions differed between objective measures of social distances among classes and measures of class differences in attitudes toward egalitarianism. However, the patterns of divisions were quite similar across various dimensions of objective social distances; and they were similar across socialist countries. In general, substantial socialist–capitalist differences in objective class distances were not apparent, but socialist–capitalist differences in attitudes toward egalitarianism were striking.
Studies on gender and migration have focused on how and why men and women migrate. While women often migrate for family reunification, they increasingly do so for their own work and economic opportunities. Studies on women’s migration flows are rare; those that exist neglect increasingly prominent migration dynamics within Global South. Addressing this gap, we map understudied women’s migration flows within Asian sub-regions from 1960–2000. Building on qualitative studies, we consider what these quantitative flows suggest about women’s migration, and their involvement in reproductive labor–care, domestic, and entertainment work, and marriage migration–in the context of bilateral migration policies. We find high volume flows, even if not feminized, are directed primarily from countries in South and Southeast Asia to countries in West Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. We find strong evidence that within Asia, transnational migration has become increasingly feminized and diversified since the 1960s. Variations in women’s migration flows, among countries and over time, suggest a growing demand for women migrants. Mapping these regional flows provides a more comprehensive understanding of women’s migration within the Global South. Our findings reaffirm, complicate, and deepen accounts about labor exportation and migration policies that support a transnational reproductive labor economy.
Valid estimates of the number of international forced migrants are needed to develop better humanitarian planning, an accurate historical record, and the development of early warning models. Building on earlier work of the authors, this article addresses the’problems of constructing valid cross-national annual time-series estimates of refugees and internal displacement by systematically comparing the official estimates of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees and the U.S. Committee for Refugees. Despite a less than 15 percent exact number match between these two sources, we show that by using range estimates and externally confirmed substitute values plus filling in missing years in annual series of standing refugee populations, a relatively valid set of annual time-series estimates can be constructed. We also provide an introduction to the Global Forced Migration data set, which is available for secondary analysis.
Protest and rebellion are often assumed to be qualitatively distinct strategies of civil contention with the former prevailing in developed democracies and the latter in socially polarized, dependent less developed countries. Confirmatory factor analysis of civil contention in a global cross-national sample of countries finds significant overlap between protest and rebellion. Regression shows that protest and rebellion also share common origins in terms of political opportunities created by elite divisions, repression, and democratization and military dependence in semiperipheral countries. Large decentralized states and foreign investment spur protest while weak “anocratic” regimes spur rebellion. We find no evidence that collective grievances stemming from economic stagnation and social polarization contribute to civil contention. | <urn:uuid:0839b8f7-9a20-4f48-9527-d9d124cb02b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.researchgate.net/journal/International-Journal-of-Sociology-0020-7659 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.946081 | 3,398 | 2.265625 | 2 |
- This event has passed.
Veteran Rights Rally and March
November 11, 2017 @ 12:00 pm - 12:45 pm MST
News that another veteran took his own life at the Phoenix VA last Friday, October 20th underscores the urgent need for policy to allow veterans unrestricted access to medical marijuana, as a safe, effective alternative to treat PTSD, without losing their VA benefits or military commissions. This rally aims to bring national attention to protect 22 Lives on 11/11 with speakers, resources and a Moment of silence at 12:22. Veterans groups will be on hand to provide resources and information to fellow veterans and attendees.
The rally begins on the NW corner of 3rd St. and Indian School, on the grassy area of Steele Indian School Park, in Phoenix; March proceeds to the V.A. Building on 7th St. and Indian School
■ Shine a media spotlight on cannabis as a safe, effective treatment solution
The event is free to the public. To learn more, show support or RSVP, please visit the event page on Facebook . | <urn:uuid:694ba488-7cdb-4ad9-ad3b-5d7622195782> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thecannabisreporter.com/event/veteran-rights-rally-march/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.94114 | 223 | 1.507813 | 2 |
What’s Going on With Interest Rates?
Today I want to tell you the truth about interest rates and how they affect home sellers and buyers in the current market.
Interest rates have been on the rise over the last couple of months, and we shouldn’t be surprised by this. In fact, most experts have been predicting the increase in mortgage rates for the last two years.
First, let’s garner a little perspective about what’s normal in terms of interest rates. If we go back over the past 42 years, the average interest rate is about 8.4%. For the younger population, that’s simply not realistic. If we go back to 1990, the average rate was 6.8%. Today that number is somewhere around 4.5%. We’re still quite a bit lower than the historic average.
he Federal Reserve prefers to keep the Fed Funds rate between 2% and 5%. This is the sweet spot for maintaining a healthy economy and matches the nation’s GDP growth which falls between 2% and 3% annually. Here, the natural unemployment rate is between 4.5% and 5%.
Price increases remain below the Fed’s inflation target of 2% core inflation rate. But there were times in history when the nation’s benchmark interest rate was well above the sweet spot. That was to curb runaway inflation. Since 2008, it’s been well below that point to stimulate economic growth.
Once you see how the Fed changes the Fed Funds rate, then you’ll understand how it manages inflation and recession. The current Fed Funds rate is about 1.5%. The Fed signaled it will raise rates to about 2% in 2018, 2.5% in 2019, and 3% in 2020.
The rate is critical in determining the U.S. economic outlook. This means that interest rates are likely to continue their rise to normalcy. How will that affect homebuyers?
As you can see on the chart in the video at 2:24, when mortgage interest rates go up by 1%, the cost of owning a home goes up by about 10%. In other words, if you were shopping for homes priced at $350,000 and interest rates went up by 1%, now you’d be shopping for homes priced at $311,100 to get the same monthly payment. That’s a pretty significant difference.
If you’re a home seller, realize that we’re in a trickle-up economy. This means that if there’s a 1% increase in interest rates, you’ll have 18% fewer potential buyers. Statistically, if an interest rate increases by 1%, then we lose the bottom 18% of first-time homebuyers. They’re the answer to the move-up buyers, since they’re buying the move-up buyers’ homes. This story plays out all the way up the housing price chain.
As a side note: because of the continued low interest rates, affordability has remained near record-lows going back again about 42 years.
What is the affordability index? This index tells us what percentage of the average household income at the average interest rate it will take to buy the average home. Nationally the average is around 22%. This is around the fourth or fifth lowest on record—strike now while the iron is hot and sell while the buyers are still able to buy.
If you have any questions about this topic, don’t hesitate to reach out to me. I’d love to help you any way I can. | <urn:uuid:5b52523a-946a-4a72-a952-f7632d4f52f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sternteam.com/mortgage-update/whats-going-on-with-interest-rates/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.954158 | 744 | 1.65625 | 2 |
It was fun and joy for about 20 students from Strathmore University who took part in a build activity at Naibor, Laikipia County to construct a house one of the low-income and vulnerable families. The students set aside one week off their busy schedules to give back to the community as part of their corporate social responsibility by providing sweat equity.
Through the local volunteer program, Habitat for Humanity Kenya partners with local and global volunteers to provide opportunities for all to support vulnerable families through contributing their time, resources and labor to build homes for orphans and vulnerable groups in Kenya. The target beneficiaries for housing through volunteerism consists of the elderly, widows, and widowers, child headed households, orphans and vulnerable children, those affected or infected with HIV/AIDS earning less than USD 2 per day.
The Strathmore University students, most of them with no prior experience in building, construction or such volunteer work were able to work with the assistance of the skilled contractors, they did the slabbing and walling of the house unto the lintel level in a record of four days.
Arriving on 4th July, the students were taken through an orientation program by Habitat for Humanity Kenya staff. They reported to construction site on 5th July, 2022 very early in the morning to begin working on the slab. Dividing themselves into groups, some of them mixing concreate, others fetching water while others pushed wheelbarrow with concreate. The students worked as they listened to music, danced and cracked jokes. Within a few hours, the slab was perfectly done.
On 6th July, the walling work begun, with the aid of the skilled contractors they set up the walls and continued with the construction work. Father Charles Mundia, Chaplain Strathmore University joined the students on this day and took part in the build activity. He later performed dedication prayers for the construction work and the house.
“I have enjoyed participating in this construction work, I thank Habitat for Humanity Kenya for granting us the opportunity to serve the less privileged in the community. I have worked in construction sites for payment before, but I can’t compare the experience. This is so unique, it is giving back without expecting payment but blessings from God” says Erick Mukundi one of the students from Strathmore University.
Another student, Michael Makonnen appreciated the opportunity and encouraged Kenyans to consider volunteering to help the vulnerable and low-income families access affordable and decent housing. “ I want to appeal to more Kenyans to join this noble initiative, when you help others, you reflect on what is important in life and you gain more” adds Michael.
Angela Nan’gor the beneficiary of the house under construction, is a 28-year-old mother of two who has been living together with her children in a dilapidated house she inherited form her late grandmother. The house has a leaking roof and walls that are almost falling off has. She was lucky to be selected as athe beneficiary of the 40@40 campaign that aims at constructing 40 houses for 40 low-income and vulnerable families as part of Habitat for Humanity Kenya’s 40th anniversary celebrations.
“It is a blessing for me to have the students in the construction work of this house donated by Habitat for Humanity Kenya, they are very jovial and energetic making the work to move so fast, I will forever remain grateful to the students for sacrificing their time to come and construct our house’’ says Angela Nangor the house beneficiary.
Individuals and corporate organizations can also provide support through donation of funds for house construction or building materials. A complete house costs Kshs 950,000. This can be further divided into the costs for foundation and slab, walling, roofing, windows and painting, latrine and water tank. A donation of Kshs 40 can buy one brick for walling. | <urn:uuid:16fa8559-15f6-48ca-83bd-6624d786b655> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hfhkenya.org/strathmore-university-student-volunteers-build/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.964633 | 811 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Sometimes, you might find yourself with data containing extra spaces. This is especially common if you’re moving between different versions of spreadsheet software. Fortunately, there’s an easy fix. Let’s learn how to use trimming in Microsoft Excel.
How to Use Trimming in Excel
You’ve received a list of names, but there’s a problem. Instead of the customary one space between first and last, you’re seeing three!
Luckily, you don’t have to worry about retyping the names, or clicking into individual cells to manually backspace or delete the extra spaces. Excel is a built-in TRIM function, and it’s here to help in scenarios just like this. The TRIM function seeks any instance of multiple adjacent spaces, and then automatically removes all but one of them.
To get started trimming in Excel, click into an empty cell. It’s easy to choose one immediately beside the data, but you can use any cell that you want. Begin by typing an = sign. This simply tells Excel that you’re beginning to input a formula. In this case, you’ll be working with the TRIM function, so continue by typing TRIM(.
So far, your formula should read:
Now, you need to click into the cell containing the extra spaces. Here, that’s cell C1. Complete your formula by closing the parentheses with ). Your complete formula is:
Hit Enter on your keyboard, and you’ll see the name appear, with single-spaced text. The extra two spaces have been removed, and the text copies into the cell where you placed your formula.
From here, you can click and drag on the lower right corner of cell D1 to copy the formula down through the remainder of your list.
As you can see, this is just another way that Excel can easily clean up and transform data with minimal effort needed. | <urn:uuid:b6816b38-44e2-4931-9473-737d86646f5b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://excelypedia.com/trimming-in-excel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.894572 | 422 | 3.71875 | 4 |
More individuals nowadays choose to read PDF books since it’s convenient, but there are some points to consider to stay safe online. Here are some Free Ebooks Online Facts to help you stay safe when downloading free Ebooks online.
Is Downloading a PDF Book Illegal?
Reading is essential since its sources of information provide us with a trove of knowledge. Also, reading a book has become far easier and more accessible as technology continuously evolves. People now enjoy reading through smartphones, iPads, and PCs, along with many other devices. As a result, many works are now available in PDF format.
However, technological development has made a ton of work that was once outrageously expensive or difficult to obtain far more attainable. Anyone may download free ebooks from PdfDrive.to. And even have acquired knowledge that will stay with them for a lifetime.
The site has around sixty million pieces of high-quality content available for free download. Of course, what you need to do is go to the website. Remember to make a list of the books you want to check on the website so you can have a stress-free experience.
In addition, people who visit that site shouldn’t have to be bothered by getting files infected by malware because all books are on remote servers. Submit any PDF books to PDFDrive that you’d like to offer to the crowd. You could also see who downloaded it by simply sharing it from Google Drive or Dropbox and afterward spreading the download link on social platforms like Twitter and Facebook and see how many individuals think your ebook is intriguing.
The site also does not contain any third-party commercial services, so visitors’ accessibility to downloading books will be undisturbed. Furthermore, PDF Drive does not gather personal data from people as a strategy to add it to market research but primarily to reach users who uploaded ebooks on the site.
The site is a safe place to download and read ebooks, but you must remember the things I’ve listed below when surfing for books online to stay safe.
5 Things you have to remember when reading books online!
1. Don’t ever download illegally downloaded ebooks. Carefully get books and online works from reputable websites just like PDF Drive.
2. Numerous ebooks, except if bought from an authorized site, might contain harmful software that can infect your computer with a virus, malware, and spyware.
3. Share ebooks only if the publisher or writer authorizes them. Piracy is the illegal distribution of copyrighted works.
4. Many dubious sites hand away free copies of best-selling books. In some cases, those sites don’t always appear to be questionable. So what they’re doing is distributing copyrighted stuff without permission. Some of these materials are offered for “free,” yet it may cost you in the end. Several of these.pdf,.epub,.zip, and.exe files include viruses that can infect your device, implant spyware to track your online browsing behavior, or download adware.
5. To keep that pesky malware at bay, ensure you have a trusted antivirus program installed on the system. There are countless freeware ebooks available for avid readers like you, some of which are freely available favorites such as Shakespeare’s writings, Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, Bram Stoker’s Dracula, and many others. Pdf Drive is an excellent place to get these classic books.
Recently produced books are also free and available. It is usually from anonymous authors seeking attention or from well-known authors willing to make a few of their earlier works freely available online in order to promote upcoming volumes.
As a basic guideline, if something seems pretty tempting and sounds unrealistic, it probably is. If you can’t download the free book on a trusted website, you should never ever try to get it for free somewhere else. So, if you want to be safe, stick to trustworthy websites. Also, make sure that the antivirus software in your system is working appropriately.
There’s nothing to lose if you ever follow the guidelines mentioned above. As the digital world advances, so do the hijackers and spammers who want to deceive people and profit from it. Prevent bad things from happening to you. Visit Pdf Drive for more reliable and trustworthy books you could get online. | <urn:uuid:ed803a17-b88a-4cb5-9b1a-c671e7399e6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bestfactsabout.com/free-ebooks-online-facts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.944742 | 901 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Authorities in Cologne, Germany, could have responded to the attacks of an estimated 80 women at the hands of a gang of roughly 1,000 men in the city on New Year's Eve in a myriad of ways. Mayor Henriette Reker, however, opted to join an illustrious historical club: victim blamers.
Though the incident went largely unreported for days, the scale of attacks — which occurred near a major railway station in the city — were a "completely new dimension of crime," the city's police chief, Wolfgang Albers, told the BBC on Tuesday. Many women were robbed, at least one woman was raped and countless were molested, including a volunteer policewoman, in what appeared to be an "organized" gang effort, according to the same report.
Rather than focus on the astonishing number of criminals involved in the incident and the broader issues such violence points to, however, Reker determined women, such as those who were randomly attacked days ago, are the key to a solution. In order "to prevent such incidents from ever happening again," Reker proposed that women adhere to a "code of conduct," the Independent reported on Tuesday.
This code would require women to remain "an arm's length distance from strangers" within their own group, and encourages women to ask bystanders or witnesses to help should they feel threatened, according to the same report. In the future, women would do well to be aware of the potential dangers of events conducive to drunkenness, the mayor reportedly added.
Reker is hardly the first to address the crime of sexual assault by interrogating survivors. An Indian politician inspired outrage after claiming women are "responsible to an extent" for rape in 2014, the BBC reported. A Toronto policeman notoriously launched the anti-sexual assault movement SlutWalk! after stating that "women should avoid dressing like sluts in order not to be victimised," the Guardian reported in 2011.
Studies show this mentality is common well beyond authority figures: One 2015 study commissioned by the Australian government found that women are blamed for aggression they experience, while the same behavior is considered a "rite of passage" for men, the Sydney Morning Herald reported in November. In a 2010 survey in London, 54% of women who responded said victims should be held at least partially responsible for their rapes.
What's more, when attention has been publicly paid to attackers, it has been based less on their actual behavior than their perceived identity. In the wake of the recent influx of refugees in the nation — the nation estimated it would receive over a million refugees in 2015 — many have emphasized to Cologne's chief of police's statement that the attackers appeared to be Arab or North African. While there have been multiple reports of rampant sexual assault within refugee communities, there is no official confirmation that attackers were refugees.
While much remains unrevealed about this horrifying act of mass violence, the response makes one thing clear: The perpetuation of age-old attitudes that hold survivors to blame are not just detrimental, but an ineffective approach to prevention.
h/t the Independent | <urn:uuid:cc7ff8c0-88ea-4c96-9a21-92df1f74e8d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mic.com/articles/131885/the-mayor-of-cologne-just-blamed-hundreds-of-women-for-being-attacked-in-public | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.973183 | 621 | 2.390625 | 2 |
New York”•After sparking a scandal by recalling a racist episode from his distant past, actor Liam Neeson is now battling to save his career”•a task experts predict will be difficult but not impossible.
More than 40 years ago, Neeson recently told The Independent of London, he was enraged to learn of a friend’s rape by a man she said was black.
In a candid interview he recounted how he spent days roaming city streets, a bludgeon in hand, looking for a “black bastard” he could “kill.”
His unvarnished words sent shock waves across the media landscape, and while he went on to apologize”•insisting he was “not racist””•far from everyone was satisfied.
For the black director Ava DuVernay, whose films “Selma” and “13th” explored episodes in America’s racially fraught history, Neeson symbolizes a sort of “white privilege” that will tolerate actions that would not be accepted from a black man.
“Imagine if this was Will Smith,” she tweeted.
In the flareup of reaction on social media, some posters demanded that Neeson’s scenes in the upcoming film “Men in Black: International” be reshot with another actor.
“Don’t be surprised if someone doesn’t want to work with you,” actress Regina King told The Independent.
“Bad actions tend to be more damaging than bad words,” said Joseph Cabosky, a University of North Carolina professor who specializes in public relations.
“Neeson’s is a bit of a unique case because it wasn’t just what he said, i.e. an offensive opinion, but that what he said was attached to an actual behavior: his sharing of a time when he thought of actual violent behavior toward a black male.”
But several crisis management specialists said the television interview Neeson gave the day after the controversy erupted was, at least, a good start.
“In a world where media is instant, you need to move quicker than ever before. Today’s world where social media is omnipresent, you have to be very, very, very hyper-conscious,” said Ronn Torossian, founder of the 5W PR agency.
“He needs to continue to apologize and outright say that he made a mistake, rather than trying to defend his words or bring in more context. That’s the only way to save his image,” Torossian said.
“Actions speak louder than words,” said Steve Jaffe of Jaffe & Company, adding that Neeson needed to “be an active participant” in dialogue about racism.
But that strategy, he and other experts caution, can work only if it is perceived as sincere and not opportunistic.
“It’s easier to hear an apology from a good person than it is from somebody who’s just trying to save their job,” said Jaffe, who has worked with Bill Clinton.
For now, none of Neeson’s current projects appears threatened by the scandal.
Several actors and directors have come to his defense, including black actress Whoopi Goldberg, who said on ABC’s “The View,” “You can’t be surprised that somebody whose loved one is attacked is angry and wants to go out and attack.”
For Mark Hass, professor of strategic communication at Arizona State University, celebrities generally enjoy a special tolerance from the public.
“I assume there will be a brief media storm that will pass as quickly as it arrived. That’s how I predict the Liam Neeson situation will play out,” Hass said.
Beyond the world of cinema, musicians and politicians often enjoy relative impunity for their remarks, experts say.
“Just look at the example of Donald Trump,” said Hass, while noting that the situation is very different in the corporate world.
“The difference is that CEOs usually have a board of directors who can fire them. Celebrities like Liam Neeson, Mel Gibson and Kanye West do not,” Hass said.
Actor and director Mel Gibson is cited by many as the ultimate example of a resurrection.
Gibson, who has made homophobic, racist and anti-Semitic remarks and was accused of domestic violence, was in 2006 considered persona non grata in Hollywood.
But after almost a decade in the desert, he returned with a flourish in 2016 and is again accepted as part of the Hollywood family.
Actor Gary Oldman and rapper Kanye West have also seen their share of controversy but remained part of the scene.
Cabosky cited the case of Kevin Hart, who late last year withdrew as host of the upcoming Oscar ceremony after being caught up in controversy over earlier homophobic remarks.
“His film ‘The Upside’ came out a few weeks later and massively overperformed,” Cabosky said.
“Assessing actual damage to a star can be complicated and complex.” | <urn:uuid:c4d1fa00-c64b-4b79-b1ab-a019ff8b5449> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://manilastandard.net/news/world-news/287533/neeson-fights-to-save-career-after-scandal.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.96665 | 1,097 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Risk Factors of Very Early-Onset Peritonitis in Patients Underwent Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Keywords:end stage renal diseases, continuous ambulatory peritonsal dialysis, peritonitis, risk factors of very early-onset peritonitis
Peritonitis is one of the most serious problems of CAPD patients. This analytical study was conducted to examine the risk factors of very early-onset peritonitis (VEOP) in ESRD patients who underwent CAPD. The factors were 1) medical conditions, 2) process of doing CAPD, 3) social and environment and 4) infections. The purposive samples were patients who underwent CAPD and had a first episode of peritonitis at Hemodialysis unit of Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital from 2014 to 2019. Data were collected by the constructed record form. Its validity was checked by the five experts. Its reliability was tested by test-retest method with a ninety-eight percent agreement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Chi-square test was used to compare the percentages between the two groups. The risk factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression.
There were 164 samples which were divided into two groups. Those were 32 and 132 cases in VEOP within 90 days and more than 90 days groups, respectively. Most of the patients were aged 40 - 60 years. The demographic data of the two groups were not different in terms of age, gender, education, and income. However, the VEOP within 90 days group had a significantly greater percentage of single/widow status than those of the more than 90 days group (p = .004). The significant risk factors of VEOP were Hct £ 30%, FBS > 140 mg/dl, and K £ 3 mEq/L, respectively.
This study recommended assessing the risk factors of VEOP from blood test results in all new CAPD cases. Those were Hct £ 30%, FBS > 140 msg/dl, and K £ 3 mEq/L. The patients who had abnormal of those blood test needed for counseling from a multidisciplinary team in order to improve their medical conditions before starsing CAPD. Also, after initial CAPD, follow up at the first and second weeks and telephone counseling should be done.
LuoQ, Xia X, Lin Z, Lin J, Yang Y, Huang F, Yu X. Very early withdrawal from treatment in patients starting peritoneal dialysis. Ren Fail 2018;40(1):8–14.
Thanakitjaru P. Current situation of chronic kidney disease in Thailand. Journal of the Department of Medical Service 2015;40(5):5-17. (in Thai)
Tiawilai T, Tantivichivej R. The incidence and risk factors of first peritonitis episode in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients of Photharam hospital. Region 4-5 Medical Journal 2020;39(1):51-64. (in Thai)
Li PKT, Szeto CC, Piraino B, de Arteaga J, Fan S, Figueiredo AE, et al. ISPD Peritonitis recommendations: 2016 update on prevention and treatment. Perit Dial Int 2016;36(5):481–508.
Poltacha S, Noktong S, Changjeraja W. Factors related with peritonitis in CAPD patients at Buengkan Hospital. Nursing, Health, and Education Journal 2018;1(3):3-10. (in Thai)
Tungkasereerak P. The prognostic factors of recurrent peritonitis in CAPD patients. Srinagarind Med J 2017;32(6):519-23. (in Thai)
Sangsa N. Factors associated with bacterial peritonitis of patients with chronic renal failure with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Mahasarakham Hospital Journal 2018;15(2):44-56. (in Thai)
Kolesnyk I, Dekker FW, Boeschoten EW, KredietRT. Time-dependent reasons for peritoneal dialysistechnique failure and mortality. Perit Dial Int 2010;30:170–7.
Guest S, Hayes AC, Story K, Davis ID. Peritoneal dialysistechnique successduring the initial 90 days of therapy. Adv Perit Dial 2012;28:60-63.
Ma X, Shi Y, Tao M, Jiang X, Wang Y, Zang X, et al. Analysis ofrisk factors and outcome in peritoneal dialysis patients with early-onset peritonitis: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2020;10(2):e029949. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029949.
Tian X, Xie X, Xianga S, Yanga X, Lina J, Zhang X, et al. Risk factors and outcomes of early-onset peritonitis in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients.Kidney Blood Press Res 2017;42(6):1266-76.
The Nephrology Society of Thailand. Clinical practice guideline (CPG) for peritoneal dialysis 2017. Bangkok: The Nephrology Society of Thailand; 2018. (in Thai)
De Sousa A. Client centered therapy. Indian J Appl Res [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Apr 24];4(2):10-3. Available from: https://www.worldwidejournals.com/indian-journal-of-applied-research- (IJAR)/fileview/February_2014_1391259431_6894d_133.pdf
Biggs A. Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory: update on the state of the art and science. Nurs Sci Q 2018;21(3):200-6.
He P, Hu JP, Li H, Tian XJ, He LJ, Sun SR, et al. Red blood cell distribution width and peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis prognosis. Ren Fail 2020;42(1):613-21.
Berbudi A, Rahmadika N, Tjahjadi AI, Ruslami R. Type 2 Diabetes and its impact on the immune system. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020;16(5):442-9.
Nakai K, Saito K, Fujii H, Nishi S. Impact of hypokalemia on peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a systematic review. Ren Replace Ther 2017;3:43. doi 10.1186/s41100-017-0128-5
Kaitwatcharachai S, Kaitwatcharachai C. Risk factors for developing first episode of peritonitis in patients undergoing CAPD. J Med Health Sci 2012;19(3):29-35. (in Thai)
Peaschpunpaisal C, Leaungsomnapa Y, Chanthapech R, Pangsree S. Self-management for preventing peritonitis at least 18 months in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal
dialysis (CAPD). Journal of Phrapokklao Nursing College 2018;29(1):17-28. (in Thai)
Copyright (c) 2022 Srisavarindhira Thai Red Cross Institute of Nursing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
เนื้อหาบทความหรือข้อคิดเห็นต่างๆ ในวารสารพยาบาลสภากาชาดไทยนี้ เป็นความคิดเห็นของผู้เขียนบทความ ไม่ใช่ความเห็นของกองบรรณาธิการ หรือสถาบันการพยาบาลศรีสวรินทิรา สภากาชาดไทย | <urn:uuid:db5e0cd5-d5d7-4023-b271-c8d94c204467> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/trcnj/article/view/245824 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.782676 | 1,931 | 1.546875 | 2 |
The University faces the same challenges as any homeowner when it comes to building maintenance. Of course, the scale of UVA’s projects is significantly larger and, in the case of the work needed for the Rotunda, much more expensive.
In September, the Board of Visitors approved a $22.9 million plan to renovate and repair the Rotunda. The first major work on the Rotunda since the mid-1970s restoration, the project includes replacing the roof and restoring the capitals on the building’s columns.
“The dome roof on the Rotunda is metal and 35 years old,” says David Neuman, architect for the University. “It has gone well beyond its life expectancy.”
The capitals on the Rotunda columns are cracking and currently wrapped in black netting to protect passersby from falling pieces of decorative carving. They must be replaced or repaired.
The University will seek $12.95 million from the state for the project, with the remainder matched by private funds and donations.
While the Rotunda needs work, the nearby statue of its designer is in great shape after a thorough cleaning and repair. Conservators washed the bronze Thomas Jefferson statue with a mild detergent and applied a coat of hot wax, which inhibits corrosion and brings out the luster of the bronze.
“Corrosion changes the metal’s color to a teal green,” says Lindy Gulick, assistant conservator with Conservation Solutions. “Now it’s a nice green-black color.”
Some elements on the base of the statue have disappeared over time, and conservators replaced two swords, a crown and the scales of justice.
“We had to use old photographs of the statue to determine the proper size of each item,” Gulick says. | <urn:uuid:42c71c31-4dc0-4375-86d8-a07af033ee0b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://uvamagazine.org/articles/under_repair | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.926145 | 377 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Instrumentation for periodontal therapy
Periodontal therapy involves the removal of calculus and biofilm. A variety of instruments are available to us for this. In recent years there has been much talk of using slimmer ultrasonic tips to debride sub-gingivally.
Ultrasonic describes a non-audible range of acoustical vibrations that are a unit of frequency referred to as cycles per second (CPS) or hertz (Hz). Electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy in the range of 18,000 to 50,000 vibrations per second.
Sonic technology describes instruments that convert electrical energy in the range of 3,000 to 8,000 vibrations per second. Basically sonic means ‘less fast’ than ultrasonic. Sonic scalers vibrate in a circular motion. In most models of scaler the amplitude of the vibraton of the tip can be modified and reproduced accordingly. Calculus is removed by a ‘hammering’ action.
Magnetostrictive or piezoelectric?
Magnetostrictive inserts have a ‘stack’ attached to a working tip or insert. Vibrations are generated through a stack of metal strips. Depending on the type of instrument, the vibrations range from 20 to more than 45kHz, making the instrument tip vibrate in a circular or ellipsoidal pattern.
Piezoelectric units do not have removable inserts. The ‘stack’ in this case is called a ‘transducer’. This comprises ceramic crystals that reside in a permananently sealed handpiece. The tip is threaded into the handpiece of the unit with a custom wrench.
Powered instrumentation versus hand instrumentation
We adjust our techniques and instruments specifically to each patient’s individual needs. Our main aim is adequate instrumentation with minimal substance loss. Repetitive or maintenance therapy can commonly cause damage and over a period of time cause deeper pockets.
Petersilka et al (2002) demonstrated that ultrasonic scalers reduce the sub-gingival biofilm as efficiently as hand instruments. Various reviews clearly state that powered instruments can reduce treatment time dramatically, compared with hand instruments. Overall, research shows a variation of smoother root surfaces with either hand or powered instruments. Depending on the study, it has also been noted that root texture is not significant for healing. However, with maximum instrumentation depths, slimmer ultrasonics seem to produce better results.
With tips being smaller than a hand instrument blade we can gain better access into deep, narrow sites. Line angle pockets are virtually impossible to debride with curettes and failure to reach the base of the pocket is common. The fine tip provides greater access and ease for the operator.
Ultrasonic scalers are ideal for removing the lightest film of plaque or the heaviest deposits of stain and calculus. Although there may be less tactile sensitivity, a slim-line tip can detect calculus deposits and roughness. Calculus removal from within furcations has proven more efficient with ultrasonic and sonic scalers. Over half of furcations are narrower than an average Gracey curette. With the whole tip of an ultrasonic working as a cutting edge, there is no difficulty choosing the appropriate scaling direction, as with a curette.
The mechanical action of the tip removes calculus and biofilm, and the coolant then flushes debris away. This micro-streaming result may even have an anti-bacterial effect on periodontal pathogens.
Pre-rinsing with an anti-bacterial such as chlorhexidine gluconate is recommended to reduce infective aerosol from disturbed biofilm, blood and saliva, along with high volume aspiration.
Recent research shows periodontal disease to be a bacterial infection and our focus should be on controlling the infection. This involves removing bacteria and its toxic by-products from all sources: the root surface, the pocket space, the pocket wall and the underlying tissues.
Ultrasonic scalers are at the forefront of modern periodontal therapy. Debridement of the full mouth to eliminate infection is being demonstrated, leading to higher quality care for patients.
Mechanical instruments result in more effective therapy with faster patient healing, less working time and stress. I have found that using slim-line tips at half power increases patient comfort, providing a more pleasant experience. As for the hygienist, we read more and more about repetitive strain injury and carpal tunnel syndrome, and since the development of the ultrasonic in the 1950s, the smaller, lighter units assist in reducing operator fatigue.
The use of mechanical as opposed to hand instruments not only reduces operator fatigue but also aids in periodontal healing. The same amount of time we spend developing our hand instrumentation skills should be spent on developing our ultrasonic scaling expertise. More and more experienced hygienists are providing higher levels of care using mechanical instrumentation.
Our job goes beyond the removal of calculus alone and current concepts challenge us and focus our attention on halting disease and preventing further infection.
Dragoo MR (1992) A clinical evaluation of hand and ultrasonic instruments on subgingival debridement. Int Journal Periodontics Restorative Dentistry 12(4): 310-323
Tunkel J, Heinecke A, Flemmig TF (2002) A systematic review of the efficacy of machine-driven and manual sub-gingival debridement in the treatment or chronic periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 29(3): 72-81
Petersilka GJ, Ehmke B, Flemmig TF (2002) Antimicrobial effects of mechanical debridement Periodontal 2000 28(1): 56-71 | <urn:uuid:8dd55e50-923c-4106-871a-796ab31e62d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dentistry.co.uk/2007/08/23/instrumentation-periodontal-therapy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.888653 | 1,188 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Fuss & O’Neill was contracted to provide electrical engineering services to support the electrical design for his 16.5 MW DC solar electric generating facility in Oxford, MA.
In the planning stages, Fuss & O’Neill provided initial concept sizing and planning, and then continued through detailed design and construction. The team met strict deadlines and requirements to qualify for energy tax credits by grouping bunches of 20 to 200 small subarrays that make up 12 larger array sites. The project’s 1,100 subarrays were all built in one location before being separated electrically and designated to their own string inverters, which convert DC power to AC power, to make a mini subarray system. The system includes more than 1,000 string inverters.
To avoid delays, the team developed a predrill-and-drive installation process for the arrays’ H-piles. This allowed for the racking H-pile foundations to be used where there were obstructions such as cobblestones and ledge rock near the surface, which made it difficult to drill. Rather than removing the subsurface obstructions and regrading the land, the team used the predrill-and-drive process to arrange the H-piles so that they could install them evenly over the uneven terrain. | <urn:uuid:d38613e9-79fd-4b96-a0a3-b2440b41a4a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fando.com/project/barrett-street-16-5-mw-ground-mount-solar-project/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.94468 | 267 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Distance from Tanzania to San-Diego
Driving route: -- ( - )
Driving route: -- ( - )
Extended route information
The flight distance between the nearest airports Tanzania (ZNZ) and San-Diego (SAN) is 9,871.82 mi (15,887.17 km). This corresponds to an approximate flight time of 19h 11min. Similar flight routes: ZNZ → TIJ , ZNZ → SNA , ZNZ → ONT , ZNZ → LAX , DAR → SANBearing: 284.96° (WNW)
The initial bearing on the course from Tanzania to San-Diego is 284.96° and the compass direction is WNW.Midpoint: 43.0884,-22.4775
The geographic midpoint between Tanzania and San-Diego is in 4,932.78 mi (7,938.55 km) distance between both points in a bearing of 284.96°.Distance: 9,865.57 mi (15,877.10 km)
The shortest distance (air line) between Tanzania and San-Diego is 9,865.57 mi (15,877.10 km).Driving route: -- ( - )
The shortest route between Tanzania and San-Diego is according to the route planner. The driving time is approx. . Half of the trip is reached in .Time difference: -10h
The time difference between Tanzania (Africa/Dar_es_Salaam) and San-Diego (America/Los_Angeles) is -10 hours. This means that it is now 04:52 (19.08.2022) in Tanzania and 18:52 (18.08.2022) in San-Diego.
How is the distance calculated?
To calculate the distance between Tanzania and San-Diego, the place names are converted into coordinates (latitude and longitude). The respective geographic centre is used for cities, regions and countries. To calculate the distance the Haversine formula is applied.
Similar distance (± 0.5%)
San-Diego is just as far away from Tanzania as Tanzania from Los Angeles (15,855 km), Phoenix (15,451 km), Guadalajara (15,246 km), San Diego (15,878 km), Ciudad Juárez (15,098 km), Tijuana (15,881 km), Zapopan (15,244 km), San Jose (15,817 km), San Francisco (15,809 km), Chihuahua (15,215 km).
Tanzania to New York, Tanzania to Los Angeles, Tanzania to Chicago, Tanzania to Houston, Tanzania to Philadelphia, Tanzania to Phoenix, Tanzania to San Antonio, Tanzania to San Diego, Tanzania to Dallas, Tanzania to San Jose, Tanzania to Austin, Tanzania to Jacksonville, Tanzania to Indianapolis, San-Diego to New York, San-Diego to Los Angeles, San-Diego to Chicago, San-Diego to Houston, San-Diego to Philadelphia, San-Diego to Phoenix, San-Diego to San Antonio, San-Diego to San Diego, San-Diego to Dallas, San-Diego to San Jose, San-Diego to Austin, San-Diego to Jacksonville, San-Diego to Indianapolis,
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Maps and Geodata: © OpenStreetMap contributors | <urn:uuid:1971d360-5dfd-47a0-9aac-62407514a272> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://test.distance.to/Tanzania/San-Diego | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.682694 | 930 | 1.75 | 2 |
Activism is ESSENTIAL to eliminate Stigma!
In this episode, Julie has a conversation with activist and whistleblower Tracy Tully, to really dig deep to understand the HEART of activism.
Our purpose of this conversation was to show that being an activist has nothing to do with anger, it's not about blaming or arguing. In fact, activists are a HUGE part of how things change for the better.
Julie wants viewers to understand that activists are needed within organisations, cultures, and communities. They provide necessary disruptions to get people to stop and see the hurt that is happening.
So, how is activism appropriate in the workplace? Activists use facts to start the journey of change. They are supported by advocates who provide knowledge and education.
or listen on Spotify
By Emma Schneider and Julie Gillespie
Activism is ESSENTIAL in the WorkplaceAT or talking WITH people?
Our purpose of this conversation was to show that activism is NEEDED within an organisation to promote positive change.
Activism and advocacy work hand in hand within an organisation. and if they can be heard with an open mind and acceptance, then amazing change can happen.
This flashback talks about the role leaders play in teaching their people how to approach activism, and is pivotal to being resilient. Taking the approach of being data point driven, noting down events that have occurred in chronological order, and taking the emotion out of the story, for now - all goes towards being able to achieve the end goal of change.
Leaders, feedback from your people is essential towards being able to self-navigate the challenge of listening to hard stories.
This builds TRUST!
The full Reflections article will be available soon.
A fierce disruptor, Tracy challenges people to step out of their comfort zone building their resilience muscle! Under the banner www.tracytully.com Tracy conducts powerful and witty speaking opportunities, growing confidence, improving motivation, strengthening resilience and understanding an assertive mindset to move forward. Her presentations are passionate and highly engaging!
She guarantees you’ll never forget her! she says: “I can show you how to find the sweet spot in everything you do!”
Tracy is the author of non-fiction book FEARless Buckle Up ... Build RESILIENCE - a two-times whistle blower detailing her true-life experiences, calling out corruption, deceit and bribery in the Qld Department of Education. She explains why there’s no room for assumptions, blame, conspiracies or procrastination.
Due for release in 2022 are her new books; SHAMEless Release the Brakes ... Build RESILIENCE, Queens in Sandcastles, Kings of the New Frontier and her first children’s book Gordon the Goat and the Gully Kids. Tracy has fulfilled her lifelong dream as a
Holding senior leadership roles in the public, private and non-profit sectors for the last four decades Tracy is renowned for her strategic and innovative problem solving.
📷 Instagram - instagram.com/motivationresilienceforwomen/
📄 LinkedIn - linkedin.com/in/tracy-tully-3879a2122/
👍 Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/mrwcoaching
🖥️ Website - www.tracytully.com | <urn:uuid:cb95e1c8-ebbd-4ce9-a2aa-61771568fea9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.julie.gillespie.direct/activism-to-change-attitudes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.931949 | 707 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Lessons of the Spanish Revolution: 1936–1939Vernon Richards
It was the revolutionary movement in Spain which took up Franco’s challenge in July 1936, and this book soberly examines the many ways in which Spain’s revolutionary movement contributed to its own defeat. Was it too weak to carry through the Revolution? To what extent was the purchase of arms and materials from outside sources dependent upon the appearance of a constitutional government inside Republican Spain? What chances had an improvised army of guerrillas against a trained fighting force? In seeking to solve these problems, the anarchists and revolutionary syndicalists were confronted with other questions. Could they collaborate with political parties and reformist unions? Should the revolutionary impetus of the first days of resistance be halted in the interests of the struggle against Franco or be allowed to develop as far as the workers were able to take it? Was the situation such that the social revolution could triumph and, if not, what was to be the role of the revolutionary workers? Originally written as a series of weekly articles in the 1950s and expanded, republished, and translated over the years, Vernon Richards’s analysis remains essential reading for all those interested in revolutionary praxis.
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This blog post appeared originally at The Standard, the group blog of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (7/5/16).
Being a National Board Certified Teacher (NBCT) is a source of pride for me, providing both a sense of professional accomplishment and sense of professional companionship with leaders in my field. The certification process provides us with a shared set of concepts and terms we can use to guide our ongoing learning and the improvement of our practices.
Sometimes, the quest for improvement keeps us in comfortable territory, eager to try new materials and lessons that fit certain preconceptions about what we do. Sometimes, however, we back away from more challenging but necessary conversations about shifting paradigms. In this three-part blog series for The Standard, I’m asking NBCTs and teachers in general if we can’t find the will to push ourselves further in these challenging areas. In my last post, I suggested that technology has changed the way all of us think about information and communication, and that even if some of those changes have negative potential, teachers must adapt to the changes in society rather than use the negative potential as an excuse to resist change.
In this blog post, I’m stepping into debates that inspire strong feelings all around, and often divide teachers. If we are truly accomplished teachers who value analysis and reflection for the improvement of teaching, it’s time to accelerate changes in our assessment and grading practices. At the end of this piece, I’ll suggest ways to extend the learning and the dialogue around these issues.
Let’s start with homework
Or rather, let’s stop giving so much homework. We all know, as parents if not as teachers, that there’s a lot of busy work out there, packets and worksheets that aren’t really accomplishing much. Alfie Kohn, a well-known proponent of abolishing most homework, has suggested that we should think of “no homework” as the default position, and then expect a clear rationale for homework if assigned. I agree with that position, though I won’t go so far as to say no homework, period. In addition to the questionable academic benefits, I think there are important considerations summed up in this quote from Robert Marzano and Debra Pickering (“The Case For and Against Homework”), offering their take on key findings in Kralovec and Buell (2000):
[Homework] overvalues work to the detriment of personal and familial well-being. The authors focused particularly on the harm to economically disadvantaged students, who are unintentionally penalized because their environments often make it almost impossible to complete assignments at home.
I have seen plenty of examples of unnecessary and excessive homework, and admit that earlier in my career, I assigned some of that unnecessary homework; I reasoned that a steady amount of homework would create a level expectation and prevent students from seeing the valuable homework as something above the accustomed baseline. Now, I would prefer to engage my students and their families in some discussion about homework, so that they understand why it’s sometimes necessary, and why there may be periods of time where the load vacillates. As a high school English teacher, I still believe that students need to do course reading outside of class time. In a sense, it’s the original “flipped instruction” – take in the content between classes, then come to class to practice using the content. Beyond reading and writing, I’ve eliminated almost all other homework from my teaching. In any given subject area, teachers in secondary grades should be well-versed in the arguments against homework if they’re going to justify giving any.
Assess your assessment practices
We need to have more conversations about how we assess student learning as well. Too many teachers are still grading work and moving on, without giving students chances to develop mastery when the graded work indicates the need for more practice. We short-circuit this conversation sometimes by defaulting to the ideas of formative and summative assessment, without teasing apart our assumptions about summative assessment and grading. As my friend Jason Buell suggested in his former blog title, our teaching should be “Always Formative.”
I understand there are practical limits to this idea, that depending on the grade level and subject there’s a time to move on to new material. I also understand that revisions and multiple chances present logistical challenges for the teacher work-flow; that’s an argument for changing the work-flow. If we’re analytical and reflective about doing what’s best for student learning, we need to consider how we can change our way of working to accommodate students’ learning needs. Here’s one quick thought: why do we have to have every student complete the same assignments, or same number of assignments? If some of my students demonstrate mastery of oral presentations early on, maybe they should show their content knowledge in another format next time, while students who would benefit from another oral presentation experience prepare for that.
Antiquated grading practices detract from learning
There are some common grading practices that are among the most entrenched and poorly conceived things that we do in education. Again, I understand it may be challenging to change. The obstacles are real. Settling for inferior, even damaging practices, because change is difficult, should be inexcusable among accomplished professionals. If you’re averaging all student grades, and especially if you’re doing that including the use of zeroes on a 100-point scale where only the top 50 points are “grades,” my aim is to convince you it’s time to adopt a new approach. I’m not claiming to have all the answers here, but I haven’t shied away from the work of making needed changes.
Have you ever been asked to rate something on a scale of 1 to 10, where 10 is the best and 5 is the worst? Of course not. You’d laugh at the idea. So stop using a grading scale that gives equal proportionality to something that would be like “negative worst” on that scale of 1 to 10. It’s illogical from any informed pedagogical or numerical standpoint. Students who are sufficiently motivated to avoid low grades will be motivated in more logical systems, while students who don’t respond to the negative motivator of harsh grading penalties will at least have a mathematical chance of recovery if they become motivated later. If you assign a student a single grade of zero on a 100-point scale, it takes 14 (equally weighted) grades of 85 to move that student’s average up to 80. Should a student with one zero need 14 Bs to convince us their level of understanding translates to “B”? And if the idea is to penalize lack of preparation, or cheating, why should it take that long to make up for the mistake? Play with the numbers yourself. There is no pedagogical justification for grading with zeroes on a 100-point scale that typically only “counts” grades above 59. If you feel strongly that zero is the appropriate mark for “no work” done, then your scale shouldn’t go up to 100, and the gap between zero and “D” shouldn’t be comparable to the gap between “F” and “A.”
From a measurement standpoint, there’s no particular need for a 100-point scale. We can’t meaningfully judge 100 levels of skill or achievement. If we use letter grades A-F (without “E” of course), including plusses and minuses for A-D, that’s 13 levels. I use a 4-point grading scale, using half-point intervals, yielding 9 possible grades (see: Marzano). I’ve never heard a compelling argument for assessing student learning to a finer scale than either of these options. No one can argue that they understand a meaningful difference among grades of 83, 84, 85, 86… Does any teacher need a B+- or an A-+? And the issue is compounded if you think there’s a meaningful difference in the broad ranges we reserve for “F.” We all seem to agree about the difference between a 75 and 90, so if we have a useful scale, the gap between grades of 23 and 38 should be just as meaningful.
We also need some critical examination of the practice of averaging in grades. Why do we penalize some students for not having mastered their learning earlier? We don’t withhold a black-belt from a martial arts student based on the prior inability to perform at a black-belt level. We don’t listen at a recital and judge the pianists’ skills less favorably because they couldn’t play these pieces a month ago. Averages can also mask glaring flaws; we should not give a driver’s license to someone whose array of skills average out quite well, despite an inability to drive in reverse or park a car. For the sake of brevity, I’ll direct readers to additional resources to learn about standards-based grading.
I know that on my personal website, blog posts about grading draw continual interest and frequent visits; this related blog post by NBCT Brianna Crowley elicited 47 comments at last count. I hope readers of this blog post will follow-up by doing additional reading and research, and extend the dialogue through other blogs or on Twitter. Check out the hashtags for standards-based grading chat – #SBGchat – and teachers throwing out grades – #TTOG. (More here re: teachers throwing out grades). | <urn:uuid:16571306-d102-429e-8bfe-c141786a5a8e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dbceducation.com/assess-your-grading-and-assessment-practices/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.945514 | 2,021 | 1.90625 | 2 |
As the weather starts to cool down and winter clothes enter rotation in our wardrobes, some peculiar combinations emerge: shorts and scarves; thongs and jackets; T-shirts and beanies. The last is often explained with an old saying: you lose most of your head through your head. But, in fact, scientists know this to be untrue.
Firstly, let’s go back to the basics of heat exchange.
Human heat exchange is dictated by a combination of physical principles, variations in body shape and size, and physiological control mechanisms such as altered skin blood flow, shivering and sweating. These interactions maintain a stable deep-body temperature, which is typically just below 37°C.
While survivable extremes of 13.7°C and 46.5°C have been reported, you’re likely to feel miserable and unwell when this temperature drops below 35°C or rises above 40°C.
Looking beyond the body, heat is exchanged between all objects via dry pathways (radiation, convection, conduction) and through the evaporation of moisture.
For dry pathways, thermal energy moves from hotter to cooler regions, with its exchange rate depending on the temperature difference between these objects.
For evaporative cooling, water molecules leave moist surfaces to enter less humid air, taking heat with them.
These are the first principles of heat exchange.
Body shape and size
Heat is likely to be lost more rapidly from larger surfaces. Nevertheless, large masses have greater thermal stability, and resist rapid and significant changes in temperature. Thus, the interaction between surface area and mass provides another first principle: the temperature change of any object is dictated by the ratio of its surface area to its mass.
So a wafer-thin rectangular prism losses heat remarkably quickly, while a sphere, which has the smallest surface area to volume ratio of any object, provides the greatest resistance to heat loss. The relatively spherical shape of the human head, therefore, leads us to challenge the heat-loss myth on the basis of first-principles science.
But we can’t ignore the physiological control of skin blood flow, as this is how heat is transported to the skin for dissipation, and sweating, which facilitates heat loss when the air is hotter than the skin.
There are many examples of how natural selection led to physiological changes to support temperature regulation. Take the toco toucan: the large surface area of this bird’s bill, in combination with its blood supply, enables very efficient heat dissipation. The same applies to elephant ears.
In humans, the closest equivalents are the hands and feet.
The head is not an ideal radiator, even though it has many blood vessels close to its surface, since its skin blood flow does not vary significantly when one is either resting comfortably or dramatically cooled. Even when someone has a dangerously high temperature, head skin blood flow increases much less than that of the hands and feet for the same heating stimulus.
Plus most heads have about 50% hair coverage, which traps air and insulates against heat exchange. Although (sadly) not all heads conform with this generalisation.
The head is not great for evaporative cooling either. While the forehead is the most prolific sweat secretion site per unit area when we’re resting, sweating from sites inside the hairline occurs at half this rate.
In fact, the head represents only about 7% of the body surface area, so its contribution to whole-body evaporative cooling at rest is only 10%, and less than that of the hand, back, thigh and lower leg. While this heat loss can triple during exercise, it still accounts for only 13% of total evaporation.
So it would seem that even though the temperature of the head makes it well suited to losing heat, neither its geometry nor its physiological responses to heating or cooling make it a critical site for heat loss.
Covering your head is no more effective at keeping you warm than covering most other body regions. In other words, you’re no more likely to lose heat from your head than other parts of your body – except your hands and feet. So wearing gloves and socks is your best bet. | <urn:uuid:2eec11e3-8b2f-469a-8022-1ca7a5f1bc30> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theconversation.com/mondays-medical-myth-you-lose-most-heat-through-your-head-10834 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.940177 | 867 | 3.484375 | 3 |
By State Sen. Darwin BooherWhen Mark Baker retired from the Air Force after protecting our nation for 20 years, he never thought he would be fighting his own state government to protect his family’s livelihood. Unfortunately, that’s what is happening now. Four years ago, Mark, his wife and six children began raising Mangalitsa and Russian swine at Baker’s Green Acres farm. The breeds are two of the many types of heritage hogs, and there is a tremendous market for niche animals like these pigs for small farm operations. However, Mark and other farmers that raise heritage swine are being told by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR) that they must get rid of them by April 1. In December 2010, the Michigan DNR issued an invasive species order (ISO) to make certain types of swine an invasive species, which prohibits farmers from raising them on their farms. The order became effective on Oct. 8, 2011 and affects all heritage hogs in Michigan. Even potbellied pigs, which are often raised as pets, may now be considered an invasive species in Michigan. It’s ironic that just a week after the ISO’s effective date, Traverse City hosted Pigstock, a four-day course about Michigan Mangalitsa pigs. The course taught about breeding and husbandry practices, methods of processing, and charcuterie. Chefs from throughout the Midwest attended the conference. Now, the DNR’s order jeopardizes not only this conference, but the economic opportunities for small farm operations that raise heritage pigs. The DNR’s thinking is irrational. The department says we must ban certain pigs because the state has a feral hog problem (pigs running at-large or outside a fence). But since all pigs outside of a fence are feral and the DNR cannot genetically differentiate between swine, the department decided to ban certain pigs in Michigan simply due to their appearance. In December 2012, the DNR issued a ruling describing the characteristics that pigs cannot have or they will be considered an invasive species. Hence the Mangalista, along with many other breeds of swine that look different, are now considered invasive. The politics of all of this - let’s call it pig politics - has been nothing less than amazing. The small farmers I have talked to wonder why the DNR is singling out their pigs and joining forces with the Michigan Pork Producers Association on this issue. They believe the association wants all pigs to be raised in confinement facilities, and the best way to achieve that is to make it illegal to raise certain swine, especially those offering alternatives to the white pork raised in confinement. In a Nov. 2, 2010 Traverse City Record-Eagle story, Agriculture Commissioner Don Coe said the Mangalitsa pigs can be grown locally, “not in large feedlots, but humanely, on small farms, the way they used to be.” I believe it was a mistake for the DNR to involve itself in an agricultural issue that is not associated whatsoever with its mission. The DNR is charged with management of game and wildlife owned by the public – not the regulation of privately-owned animals. That is the responsibility of the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. My legislative colleagues and I have repeatedly asked the DNR to revise the ISO so it will not apply to pigs that are raised by people. We specifically asked DNR Director Rodney Stokes to rescind the order or revise it to apply only to pigs running wild outside a fence. Governor Snyder could also require it to be changed. Unfortunately neither has taken action. This is a perfect example of government and bureaucrats moving their own agendas forward with total disregard for the law, private property rights and the Constitution. Most importantly, it leaves Mark Baker – a man who has served our country honorably – little choice but to take action on his own to protect his family’s way of life from an overzealous state department. Beyond Mark, there are farmers all across Michigan that the DNR dictates must depopulate their animals because they are invasive species simply based on looks. I oppose the DNR’s actions and will continue to stand up against this state government overreach. I encourage you to contact Governor Snyder and DNR Director Stokes to express your opposition to this type of government behavior. Ask them to rescind this order and stand up for the small businesses that are providing choice in Michigan’s food industry. | <urn:uuid:be3691fe-cd4a-4536-9fe6-adaf497764ab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.recordpatriot.com/columns/article/DNR-order-threatens-heritage-swine-farmers-14320813.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.969035 | 917 | 2.203125 | 2 |
07 July 2022: Laboratory Research
Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Migration Inhibition, and Autophagy-Induced by Crude Ricin from Seeds in A549 Lung Cancer Cell LinesIrma Erika Herawati12ABCDEF, Ronny Lesmana345ABDEF, Jutti Levita 1ABDEF, Anas Subarnas1ABCDEFG*
Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2022; 28:e936683
BACKGROUND: Ricin protein derived from Ricinus communis seeds is known to have a high toxicity to humans and animals. Several studies revealed that ricin, belonging to ribosome inactivating protein-I, has cytotoxic properties against various types of cancer cell lines.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Crude ricin (CR) from the seeds of R. communis was investigated for its cytotoxicity on the A549 cancer cell lines using the MTS assay, and the cell death mechanism was explored using flow cytometry and Western blot methods. The cell migration was measured using a scratch/wound-healing method and the autophagy activity was explored using Western blotting.
RESULTS: CR showed cytotoxicity against A549 cancer cell lines, with an IC₅₀ of 40.94 ppm. CR induced apoptosis and necrosis, but apoptosis occurred more frequently than necrosis. Apoptosis induced by CR was mediated by the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. CR inhibited cell migration in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with the highest effect occurred at the concentration of 1.0 ppm. The autophagic experiment showed that CR inhibited autophagy in A549 lung cancer cells by decreasing Beclin-1 levels while increasing Atg5 levels in a concentration-dependent manner and CR decreased LC3-II level while increasing p62 level. Cisplatin treatment also inhibited autophagy as it exhibited the same effect on those autophagic proteins as CR.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that CR might be a potential candidate for anticancer drugs, but further study is needed to verify its anticancer properties.
Keywords: Apoptosis, Cell Migration Assays, Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic, Ricinus
According to the Global Cancer Statistics 2018, lung cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in terms of incidence . The rise in incidence and mortality of any type of cancer, including lung cancer, has resulted in the discovery of new drugs that are toxic to cancer cells but have no or minimum harmful effect on normal cells. However, currently used anticancer drugs have high toxicity against cancer and normal cells in other body parts . As a result, new anticancer drugs that are more toxic to cancer cells but less toxic to normal cells are still being discovered through chemical synthesis or isolation of new substances from natural resources.
Numerous natural compounds have been extensively studied, and many of them have been shown to inhibit cancer cell properties by their own mechanisms of action . Furthermore, many plant toxins with significant anticancer properties have been identified . Considerable research has been conducted on plant toxins to discover new natural substances with high potential anticancer activity.
Ricin, one of the plant toxins, is known to be highly toxic to mammalian cells . This substance is derived from the seeds of Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae), or the castor oil plant. Ricin belongs to the ribosome-inactivating protein family of toxins, which is classified as a bio-life-threatening substance because of its high toxicity. It is a heterodimeric type II ribosome-inactivating protein consisting of the catalytically active A chain and the sugar-binding B chain joined by a single disulfide bond . The catalytically active A chain irreversibly inactivates ribosomes, leading to irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis , and acts on multiple molecular targets inside the cell, resulting in cell death .
In addition to its toxicity, ricin has been reported to have potential for the treatment of several cancer diseases, including leukemia, breast cancer , bladder cancer , cervical cancer , and melanoma . Several investigations showed that ricin has cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines , induces apoptosis , and inhibits protein synthesis [6,7]. The fruit extract of R. communis induces cytotoxicity against 2 breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. It significantly inhibits migration, adhesion, and invasion of cells, along with the reduction of the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. It also induces apoptosis, as shown by reduction of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, induction of pro-apoptotic Bax expression, and DNA fragmentation . Furthermore, total ricin has potent cytotoxicity against melanoma cells, with an IC50 of 34.1 ng/mL for SKMEL28 cells and 5.2 ng/mL for HaCaT cells in 48-h treatment, and it inhibits tumorigenesis in SKMEL28 cells in vitro .
Although ricin shows significant anticancer activity and potential as an anticancer agent, its high toxicity is one of the greatest limitation for the ricin applications in cancer therapy. In recent years, studies on ricin have been developed to reduce its toxicity against normal cells and to more effectively delivery it to target cancer cells by means of encapsulating it into a polymer or liposome nanocarrier [7,14]. Meanwhile, research on ricin to explore its cytotoxicity against other cancer cells and also to verify its mechanism of action continues to be carried out.
To date, the cytotoxicity profiles of ricin in lung cancer cells have not been widely reported. This study reports the cytotoxicity, apoptotic activity, cell migration inhibition, and autophagic activity of crude ricin (CR) against A549 lung cancer cell lines.
Lung cancer has a high level of inherent resistance and frequently develops treatment resistance during the course of the disease . Chemotherapy and radiation resistance can be caused in part by faulty apoptotic signaling . Apoptosis, a programmed cell death mechanism, plays an important role during lung cancer progression. Some morphological aspects of apoptosis include plasma membrane blebbing, cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation/fragmentation, and cell breakdown into apoptotic bodies. All of these properties are the result of caspases, a group of cystein-aspartate enzymes, selectively proteolyzing proteins important in cell signaling, DNA repair, and structural DNA integrity. Caspases are divided into 2 groups: initiator caspases (caspase-2, −8, −9, and −10 in human cells), which cleave and activate the second group, the effector caspases (caspase-3, −6, and −7 in human cells), which subsequently undertake selective proteolysis . One way of increasing apoptotic signaling to improve chemotherapy and radiotherapy responses is to reactivate death receptor signaling [18,19]. In contrast, necrosis is associated with abnormal processes, induced by stimuli outside the cell or tissue, such as toxins, various infections, trauma, and ischemia, which cause death of cells prematurely . Necrosis is virtually always harmful and can be lethal, while apoptosis has several advantages for the organism.
Autophagic activity is of interest to study because it plays an essential role in cell survival and death . It inhibits cell survival and induces cell death, leading to the suppression of tumor formation, but it also promotes tumor formation by promoting cancer cell growth and tumor growth . In addition, it has been reported that some cytotoxic drugs induce protective autophagy in cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of the drug’s cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity .
Material and Methods
The extraction procedure used to obtain CR from R. communis seeds was described in our previous report and followed the method of Kumar et al (2004) . Briefly, the seeds were defatted by grinding them in ether and centrifuging them at 3000 rpm for 10 min. Then, the residue was resuspended in ether after discarding the supernatant. This procedure was repeated 4 times. The final residue was collected and air-dried, and then dry fat-free residue was soaked in 5-volume distilled water at pH 4.0 with the addition of dilute acetic acid. The suspension was homogenized and left for 24 h. The homogenate was further centrifuged at 8000 g for 10 min, and the supernatant was collected, adjusted to 60% ammonium sulfate saturation, set aside for 24 h at 4°C, and centrifuged for 30 min. Finally, the pellet was collected and dissolved in a mixture of 0.005 M of Na3PO4 and 0.2 M NaCl buffer pH 7.2 phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The dissolved pellet was concentrated by lyophilization and denoted as CR. The presence of ricin protein in CR was identified by employing liquid chromatography, column liquid chromatography, and fast protein liquid chromatography, followed by SDS-PAGE .
CELL CULTURE AND TREATMENT:
A549 lung cancer cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection ATCC CCL-185 (Manassas, VA, USA). The cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich) and antibiotics, which consisted of 100 units/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich). The cells were cultured in a standard culture condition with 5% CO2 and 37°C.
CYTOTOXICITY EXAMINATION BY 3-(4,5-DIMETHYLTHIAZOL-2-YL)-5-(3-CARBOXYMETHOXYPHENYL)-2-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-2H-TETRAZOLIUM ASSAY:
Cell cytotoxic analysis was performed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay on cells in the presence of various concentrations of ricin from
FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS:
A549 cells were seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of 5×105 cells/well and were cultured for 24 h at 37 °C with 5% CO2. The cultures were treated with 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, and 2 ppm of cisplatin and CR and incubated for 24 h at 37°C with 5% CO2. After 24 h of treatment, cells were observed by an inverted phase-contrast microscope (Olympus Corporation) at ×100 and ×200 magnification. The cells were harvested using 0.01% trypsin at 37°C for 5 min. The cells were collected in 2-mL tubes and washed twice with cold PBS via centrifugation for 5 min at 300 rpm at room temperature. The cells were gently resuspended in 1× binding buffer at a concentration of 1×106 cells/mL. Further analysis was performed using the FITC-Annexin V apoptosis detection kit I (BD Pharmingen; BD Biosciences), according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Briefly, 100 μL of the sample solution (1×105 cells/mL) was transferred to a 5-mL culture tube. A total of 5 μL FITC-Annexin V and 5μL PI was added to the tube for 15 min in the dark at room temperature. Finally, 400 μL binding buffer was added to the tubes. The samples were analyzed immediately within 1 h by using a flow cytometer (Beckton Dickinson Facslyric) and were analyzed using Flowjo software version 10.5.3 .
CELL EXTRACTION AND WESTERN BLOT:
One million A549 cells cultured for 24 h, after reaching 70% to 80% confluence, were treated with CR (25 ppm and 50 ppm) for 36 h. A549 cells incubated for 36 h were obtained together with control cells that had not been treated. Cells were washed twice with cold PBS buffer before being undergoing lysis with lysis buffer; protein cells were counted using the BSA method. Equally, 40 μg of cell extract was electrophoresed on a 30% polyacrylamide gel (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and electro-transferred to an Amersham Protran 0.45-μm NC (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Little Chalfont, UK). Lysis of cells was performed using RIPA lysis buffer. Immunoblotting was then performed as per the manufacturer’s guidelines (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) using the protein extraction reagent RIPA lysis buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5); 150 mM NaCl; 1 mM Na2EDTA; 1 mM EGTA; 1% NP-40; 1% sodium deoxycholate; 2.5 mM sodium pyrophosphate; 1 mM β-glycerophosphate; 1 mM Na3VO4; 1 μg/mL leupeptin) with added protease inhibitors and 1 mM sodium orthovanadate (a phosphatase inhibitor). The tissue lysates were separated by centrifugation for 15 min at 15 000 rpm and 4°C. Protein concentrations in the supernatant were measured through Bradford protein assay (Bio-Rad). Equal amounts of protein were resolved by SDS-PAGE, then transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane and immunoblotted with the antibody. Apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by immunoblot analysis using caspase-3 (R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, MN, USA) and caspase-9 antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc, Dallas, TX, USA) at a 1: 1000 dilution. Autophagy signaling was analyzed by immunoblot analysis by Beclin-1 (R&D) 1: 1000 dilution; ATG5 (R&D) 1: 1000 dilution; LC3 (Cell Signaling Technology) 1: 500 dilution; and p62 (SQSTM1) (Cell Signaling Technology) 1: 1000 dilution in PBST and were incubated for 24 h. β-actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) served as the loading control. The membranes were imaged (LI-COR Odyssey Clx Western Blot Imager, USA), and the intensity of the bands was quantified using LiCOR quantification software .
In the scratch/wound-healing assay, cell migration was observed in A549 lung cancer cell lines with a 24-well Transwell plate system (Costar, Corning, USA). The cell lines were grown in 24-well plates and treated or untreated with CR and cisplatin (a positive control) in the complete medium, and then placed in an incubator. After 24 h incubation, gaps were introduced with a P10 pipette tip by gently scraping the monolayer. After scraping, cells were washed 3 times with PBS to remove debris. Cells with gaps were incubated for 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h at 37 °C (5% CO2). The treatments were observed with a microscope linked to a computer and Toupview software (version ×64, 3.7.7892) and documented as TIFF, and the gap area was measured with ImageJ (NIH). The experiments were carried out in triplicate .
Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using GraphPad Prism version 9.0 software for Windows. The data are presented as the mean±standard error of the mean (SEM
CYTOTOXICITY OF CR ON A549 LUNG CANCER CELL LINES:
CR and cisplatin (a standard cancer drug) were examined for their cytotoxicity on A549 lung cancer cells using the MTS method with a PrestoBlue reagent (Thermo Fisher). The effects of CR and cisplatin at various concentrations (1.5, 5.0, 15, 50, 150, 500, and 1500 ppm) on the A549 cell death after 48 h were evaluated to determine their IC50 values (Figure 1). CR showed cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 40.94 ppm, higher than the IC50 of cisplatin, which was 10.98 ppm. The cytotoxicity of CR on the lung A549 cancer cells was also higher than that on normal (MRC5) lung cells (unpublished data).
APOPTOTIC ACTIVITY IN FLOW CYTOMETRY ANALYSIS:
Apoptotic activity of CR (0.5, 1, and 2 ppm) and cisplatin (0.5, 1, and 2 ppm) was tested against A549 cancer cell lines using a flow cytometry method (Beckton Dickinson Facslyric) with Annexin V-FITC/PI reagent. All data obtained were analyzed by Flowjo software version 10.5.3. In Figure 2, the colors shown represent cells that absorb fluorescence against Annexin or PI reagents, as recorded by the ultraviolet light. Cisplatin and CR show the fractions of viable (Q4), early apoptotic (Q3), late apoptotic (Q2), and necrotic (Q1) A549 cancer cells.
The viability percentage of cisplatin- and CR-treated A549 cancer cells at every concentration was lower than that of the control (96.85%). The viability percentage of living cells of the CR-treated cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner and was less than that of the cisplatin-treated cells. CR exhibited apoptotic activity in a concentration-dependent manner that was observed in early and late apoptosis. The cells undergoing apoptosis were found more often in the early phase of apoptosis than in the late phase. The earliest apoptotic fraction of the A549 cells (38.35%) was found at the concentration of 2 ppm of CR. Furthermore, the number of cells undergoing necrosis was much lower than apoptotic cells, indicating that CR may prefer to induce apoptosis rather than necrosis. When compared to cisplatin, CR had stronger apoptotic activity, with the number of apoptotic cells induced being 2.16-fold higher than that with cisplatin (Table 1).
CR INCREASED APOPTOTIC SIGNALING:
The caspase-inducing activity of CR and cisplatin was examined on A549 lung cancer cell lines by a Western blot method, and the results are shown in Figure 3. CR and cisplatin increased the expression levels of active fragments of caspase-9 and caspase-3 at 36 h, including caspase-9 fragments of 47 kDa and 35 kDa and caspase-3 fragments of 35 kDa and 19kDa. In this study, we found a significant increase in caspase-9 levels (Figure 3A, 3B), 2.32-fold at a dose of 25 ppm and a 3.25-fold at 50 ppm compared with the negative control. There was also a 1.46-fold and 1.84-fold increase in cleaved caspase-9 (Figure 3A, 3B) after CR treatment at doses of 25 ppm and 50 ppm, respectively. Caspase-3 protein levels were likewise enhanced by CR (Figure 3A, 3B) by 3.02-fold at 25 ppm, and 3.81-fold at 50 ppm. Meanwhile, protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 increased (Figure 3A 3B) 1.30-fold and 1.24-fold after the CR treatment at doses of 25 ppm and 50 ppm, respectively. These results suggested that the molecular mechanism of A549 lung cancer cell death caused by CR and cisplatin occurred through the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3.
CR INHIBITED CELL MIGRATION IN THE A549 CELL LINE:
CR (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 ppm) and cisplatin (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 ppm) were evaluated for their inhibition against A549 cell migration after 24- and 48-h incubation by a wound-healing assay. CR and cisplatin inhibited cell migration in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, as shown in Figure 4A and 4B. The highest inhibition of both CR and cisplatin was demonstrated by the concentration of 1.0 ppm with gap enclosures of 3.10% and 3.28% in the 48-h incubation, respectively (Table 2).
CR DECREASED AUTOPHAGY SIGNALING:
The effect of cisplatin and CR on autophagy in A549 cells is shown in Figure 5A and 5B. The cisplatin treatment decreased Beclin-1 and increased Atg5 levels, and the CR treatment also decreased the Beclin-1 level 0.61-fold and 0.44-fold at doses of 25 ppm and 50 ppm, while increasing the Atg5 level by 1.32-fold and 1.45-fold at doses of 25 ppm and 50 ppm, respectively, compared with the negative control, in a concentration-dependent manner. We also performed Western blot analysis, which revealed that the CR treatment decreased LC3-II levels 0.97-fold and 0.68-fold at doses of 25 ppm and 50 ppm, respectively, while LC3-I levels decreased by 0.77-fold and 0.67-fold at doses of 25 ppm and 50 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, the protein level of p62 increased 1.78-fold and 7.76-fold after the CR treatment at 25 ppm and 50 ppm. As p62 is known to bind LC3, it serves as a selective autophagic substrate. These results suggest that CR and cisplatin inhibited autophagy in A549 lung cancer.
Ricin, known as a highly toxic substance derived from the seeds of R. communis, has been investigated extensively for its toxicity against several cancer cells. In this study, CR was evaluated for its cytotoxicity in A549 lung cancer cells using the MTS method, followed by the analysis of its mechanism of cell death induction, autophagic activity, and cell migration inhibition. The cytotoxicity of CR against A549 lung cancer cells was lower (IC50: 40.94 ppm) than that of cisplatin (IC50: 10.98 ppm; Figure 1). The CR cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells was discovered for the first time. The only evidence reported was that the immunotoxin SWAlI-ricin A chain is rapidly, potently, and selectively toxic to a high proportion of small cell lung cancer tumor cells in tissue culture .
Further experiments were conducted to determine whether the cytotoxicity of CR on the A549 cancer cells was related to the induction of apoptotic cell death, so the apoptotic activity of CR was evaluated using the flow cytometric method (Figure 2), followed by the Western blot method (Figure 3). The flow cytometric analysis indicated that cisplatin and CR significantly decreased the number of living cells compared with the control (Figure 2). Furthermore, the viability percentage of living cells in the CR-treated cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. The cell death caused by CR was due to apoptosis as well as necrosis, but apoptosis occurred more frequently than necrosis, indicating that CR may be more potent in inducing apoptosis than necrosis (Table 1). Moreover, apoptosis may occur rapidly because it is seen that most apoptosis occurs in the early stage rather than the late stage.
Analysis of the mechanism of apoptotic activity of CR on the caspase cascade pathway in the Western blot method indicated that CR induced apoptosis intrinsically via a mitochondrial caspase-9 signaling pathway and activation of caspase-3 (Figure 3). It signifies that the cell death was caused by the induction of apoptosis through the activation of caspase-9 as the initiator caspase and caspase-3 as the effector caspase.
In cancer therapy, anticancer drugs are generally expected not only to suppress cancer cell growth but also to prevent cell metastases. The migration and invasion of cancer cells into different tissues is an important initial step in metastases. These processes can be targeted by an anticancer agent to inhibit cancer cell development and aggression. In this study, the effect of CR and cisplatin on A549 cancer cell migration was examined by the scratch/wound assay , which demonstrated that CR and cisplatin inhibited cell migration in a concentration- and time-dependent manner as compared with the control (Figure 4). The highest inhibition of both agents was provided by the concentration of 1.0 ppm with the gap enclosure of 3.10% and 3.28% within the 48-h incubation, respectively (Table 2). To date, no report has been found concerning the inhibitory activity of ricin protein against A549 cancer cell migration, and the only evidence reported is the inhibition of the fruit extract of R. communis on migration, adhesion, and invasion of 2 breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, along with reduction of the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 .
Chemotherapy is a common strategy for cancer treatment, but its success rate is often limited by the development of chemotherapy resistance in different cancer cells to multiple anticancer drugs . This is due, in particular, to the induction of drug-protected autophagy bypassing the apoptotic pathway .
In the present study, CR inhibited autophagic responses in A549 cancer cells. The inhibition of autophagy was found through a Western blot analysis of autophagic-related proteins. CR decreased LC3-II expression while increasing p62 expression (Figure 5). The LC3-II is known as the only protein biomarker reliably associated with autophagosome formation and maturation, and p62 is a binding protein serving as a link between LC3 and substrate of autophagy . The decreased LC3-II and increased p62 levels indicate that autophagosome formation was inhibited. This was also accompanied by a decrease of Beclin-1 and an increase of Atg5, which are involved in the regulation of autophagy. Beclin-1 is a core component of the class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Vps34 complex I, which is essential for the phagophore nucleation step of autophagy . Atg5 is an important protein involved in the expansion of isolation membranes and is required to form autophagosomes . This evidence suggests that CR may inhibit rather than induce autophagy in A549 human lung cancer. It is of considerable interest to find evidence that CR can induce apoptosis and inhibit autophagy because chemotherapeutic drugs commonly induce apoptosis as well as protective autophagy, which contribute to chemotherapeutic resistance in many types of cancer cells. As a result, the discovery of chemotherapeutic agents having apoptotic activity and inhibiting effects on autophagy might be an important target for many researchers.
Many studies have shown the potential of ricin as an anticancer agent; however, for the application in cancer therapy, ricin has many limitations, such as non-specificity, immunogenicity, fast degradation in the blood stream, and lysosomal degradation inside cells . Our present findings concerning the cytotoxic activity of CR against lung cancer cells with some molecular mechanism profiles have provided additional evidence of ricin’s anticancer potential. This new evidence resulted from our efforts to find out more specific target cells for ricin. The characteristics of cancer cells may affect the specificity of an anticancer agent to interact with cancer cells. When the lung cancer cells can have more sensitive and specific characteristics to ricin, it is very possible for ricin to interact more effectively with target cells and less effectively on normal cells. This discovery is expected to reduce the limitations of ricin in terms of non-specificity. However, the data obtained are still incomplete, and much work needs to be done to provide the significance of the therapeutic application of ricin.
This study revealed that cisplatin inhibited autophagy in A549 lung cancer cells after 36 h of treatment, as evidenced by decreased levels of Beclin-1 and LC3-II and increased levels of Atg5 and p62. These findings contradicted previous evidence that cisplatin induces protective autophagy in many types of cancer cells, such as ovarian cancer , H460 cells , oesophageal cancer , and bladder cancer . However, it is in line with the results reported by Bello et al (2013) that autophagy decreases below the basal level of control cells in cisplatin-treated melanoma cells. This was further reduced in still-living adherent and floating cells after 24 h of treatment, when significant apoptosis has occurred. After 18 to 20 h of treatment, and in a shorter period of time, there was no substantial change in LC3-II levels, indicating that the length of the incubation can affect the results.
Taken together, the results of this study provided evidence that CR has cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells with the apoptotic death mechanism through the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Moreover, CR inhibited A549 cell migration and autophagy in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. These findings suggest that CR might have potential as a novel anticancer drug candidate. However, the limitation of ricin concerning its high toxicity to human cells is still a great challenge to overcome. Further studies on the effect of isolated ricin on these particular A549 lung cancer cells are needed to verify its anticancer properties.
FiguresFigure 1. Cytotoxicity of crude ricin (CR) and cisplatin on A549 lung cancer cells at various concentrations in the 48-h treatment. Data are presented as mean±standard error minimum (SEM) (n=3). Figure 2. Annexin V/PI double-staining assay of A549 cells treated with 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, and 2 ppm of cisplatin and crude ricin (CR) for 24 h. Representative flow cytometry result showing (A) cisplatin-dose-dependent and (B) CR dose-dependent alteration distribution of early and late apoptosis. (A1) and (B1) show negative control of cell line, (A2–A4) show increased apoptotic cells after cisplatin treatment, (B2–B4) show increased apoptotic cells after CR treatment. (C) Bar graph shows the average increased proportion of early and late apoptosis after cisplatin and CR treatment. Data are presented as mean±standard error minimum (SEM) (n=3). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test was conducted. * P<0.05. Figure 3. Western blot analysis of caspase cascade-related proteins in A549 lung cells treated with cisplatin and CR. (A) Representative blots of caspase-9 and -3 were determined in A549 cells treated with cisplatin and CR at 36 h; (B) Densitometry protein levels of caspase-9, cleaved caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3, measured using Image Studio Digits v. 5.2. and presented as a bar graph. The data are presented as mean±standard error minimum (SEM) (n=3). A one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test was conducted. * P<0.05. Figure 4. Effect of cisplatin and crude ricin (CR) on migration activity of A549 cell lines. (A) and (B) are representative photographs of cell migration of A549 cell lines treated with cisplatin and CR for 24 h and 48 h, respectively. The white line reflects gap enclosure. (C) Quantification gap enclosure (% area). Data are presented as mean±standard error minimum (SEM) (n=3). One-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post-hoc test was conducted. * P<0.05. Figure 5. (A) Representative blot of Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3-I, LC3-II, and p62 determined in A549 cells treated with cisplatin and crude ricin (CR) at 36 h; (B) densitometry protein levels of Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3-I, LC3-II, and p62 measured using Image Studio Digits version 5.2 and presented as a bar graph. The data are presented as mean±standard error minimum (SEM) (n=3). One-way ANOVA was used, followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. * P<0.05.
TablesTable 1. Percentage of viable, early apoptotic, late apoptotic, and necrotic A549 cancer cells in the cisplatin and crude ricin (CR) treatment with significant effect between control and CR in stage of apoptosis (a,b,c). Table 2. Percentage of gap enclosure induced by cisplatin and crude ricin (CR) in A549 lung cancer cell lines.
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Gas prices in South Central Ohio are 12 cents less expensive this week at $2.291 per gallon, according to AAA East Central’s Gas Price Report.
On the week, gas prices are as much as 14 cents cheaper across Ohio. Most of the Great Lakes and Central states are carrying gas price averages cheaper than one year ago (Ohio, -15 cents). There are only 19 states in the country with less expensive year-over-year prices and 11 of those are in this region.
The week’s prior build in gasoline inventory in the region was cancelled out last week as stocks drew by nearly half a million, according to the Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) latest data.
Nonetheless, total stocks continue to register just above the 46-million-barrel mark, which is a 1.1 million surplus compared to last year.
Regional refinery utilization has increased to 91.4 percent indicating that stocks could build in the coming weeks, which could make prices even cheaper.
This week’s average prices: South Central Ohio Average: $2.291
Average price during the week of Nov. 19, 2018 $2.406
Average price during the week of Nov. 27, 2017 $2.399
On the week, the national gas price average has dropped seven cents to land at $2.56.
As pump prices steadily decline, they are headed toward some of the cheapest gas prices in 2018. The national average was lowest in January at $2.49, while May brought the most expensive price of $2.97.
Currently, 19 states have gas price averages less expensive than a year ago.
As U.S. gasoline demand remains low and supply plentiful, motorists may continue to save at the pump in December.
However, spikes in the price of crude oil could offset these savings. Market observers warn crude could see an increase following the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) meeting on December 6 in Vienna, Austria.
At that meeting, OPEC is expected to curtail crude production by 1 million to 1.4 million barrels per day, which could cause crude prices to rise due to reduced global supply.
Motorists can find current gas prices nationwide, statewide, and countywide at GasPrices.AAA.com.
AAA East Central is a not-for-profit association with 80 local offices in Kentucky, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia serving 2.7 million members. | <urn:uuid:e618a337-aed1-4560-9ee9-a8a355e43b89> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wnewsj.com/news/90333/regions-gas-prices-plunge-as-national-average-nears-2018-low | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.956444 | 508 | 1.601563 | 2 |
In computing, an abstraction layer or abstraction level is a way of hiding the working details of a subsystem, allowing the separation of concerns to facilitate interoperability and platform independence. Examples of software models that use layers of abstraction include the OSI model for network protocols, OpenGL and other graphics libraries.
In computer science, an abstraction layer is a generalization of a conceptual model or algorithm, away from any specific implementation. These generalizations arise from broad similarities that are best encapsulated by models that express similarities present in various specific implementations. The simplification provided by a good abstraction layer allows for easy reuse by distilling a useful concept or design pattern so that situations where it may be accurately applied can be quickly recognized.
A layer is considered to be on top of another if it depends on it. Every layer can exist without the layers above it, and requires the layers below it to function. Frequently abstraction layers can be composed into a hierarchy of abstraction levels. The OSI model comprises seven abstraction layers. Each layer of the model encapsulates and addresses a different part of the needs of digital communications, thereby reducing the complexity of the associated engineering solutions.
A famous aphorism of David Wheeler is "All problems in computer science can be solved by another level of indirection". This is often deliberately misquoted with "abstraction" substituted for "indirection". It is also sometimes misattributed to Butler Lampson. Kevlin Henney's corollary to this is, "...except for the problem of too many layers of indirection."
In a computer architecture, a computer system is usually represented as consisting of several abstraction levels such as:
Programmable logic is often considered part of the hardware, while the logical definitions are also sometimes seen as part of a device's software or firmware. Firmware may include only low-level software, but can also include all software, including an operating system and applications. The software layers can be further divided into hardware abstraction layers, physical and logical device drivers, repositories such as filesystems, operating system kernels, middleware, applications, and others. A distinction can also be made from low-level programming languages like VHDL, machine language, assembly language to a compiled language, interpreter, and script language.
In the Unix operating system, most types of input and output operations are considered to be streams of bytes read from a device or written to a device. This stream of bytes model is used for file I/O, socket I/O, and terminal I/O in order to provide device independence. In order to read and write to a device at the application level, the program calls a function to open the device, which may be a real device such as a terminal or a virtual device such as a network port or a file in a file system. The device's physical characteristics are mediated by the operating system which in turn presents an abstract interface that allows the programmer to read and write bytes from/to the device. The operating system then performs the actual transformation needed to read and write the stream of bytes to the device.
Most graphics libraries such as OpenGL provide an abstract graphical device model as an interface. The library is responsible for translating the commands provided by the programmer into the specific device commands needed to draw the graphical elements and objects. The specific device commands for a plotter are different from the device commands for a CRT monitor, but the graphics library hides the implementation and device dependent details by providing an abstract interface which provides a set of primitives that are generally useful for drawing graphical objects.
- Spinellis, Diomidis (2007). Beautiful Code: Leading Programmers Explain How They Think. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. pp. 279–291.
- @kevlinhenney (September 3, 2012). "Yes, that's my corollary" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- Tanenbaum, Andrew S. (1979). Structured Computer Organization. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-148521-0. | <urn:uuid:077189e9-ed9c-4663-a058-59c40c3295fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zims-en.kiwix.campusafrica.gos.orange.com/wikipedia_en_all_nopic/A/Abstraction_layer | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.91452 | 850 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Mobile Learning Reaches the Tipping Point with OutStart Hot Lava Mobile; The Promise of Easy, Accessible Mobile Learning is Now a Reality
Boston, MA – November 17, 2010 – Mobile learning is now accessible and practical for any organization with the new version of OutStart’s Hot Lava Mobile. Hot Lava Mobile is the first software solution to overcome key technical and usability challenges to enable the broad use of mobile learning and priority communications. With it, organizations can confidently develop, deploy and analyze mobile learning programs that support key corporate initiatives.
In the past, learners, developers, administrators and executives faced several technology, usability and organizational challenges that prevented the widespread commitment to and adoption of mobile learning. These included:
• Concerns that organizations needed to mandate and commit to a particular device to deploy mobile learning to a broad group of individuals
• Lack of technology consistency among devices that prevented content, such as video, from being properly displayed forcing organizations to dedicate valued resources to reconfiguring content for multiple devices
• Market solutions that could not adequately secure information gathered by remote devices or transmitted to them
• The inability to gauge the usage and effectiveness of mobile learning once deployed, significantly limiting the ability to gain executive support
• Fear that mobile learning programs required new staff and/or skills to integrate and operate
• Specialized development tools that required considerable training to develop content
From the time of the Hot Lava Mobile acquisition more than a year ago, OutStart worked with forward-thinking customers to identify, and solve those challenges facing the mobile learning industry. The result of this work is the latest version of Hot Lava Mobile, which makes mobile learning easy and accessible for any organization. Learners, developers and administrators can now tap into new features and benefits that enable a broad range of mobile learning and priority communication uses.
Hot Lava Mobile enables individuals to access material where and when it is convenient without mandating the use of a particular device. Additional benefits for learners with Hot Lava Mobile include:
Flexible learning – Learners are able to easily manage and track their course enrollments and progress
Enhanced accessibility – With the option to access course materials through new smart phone applications or a device’s browser, learners are able to access and manage their learning in the format that best supports their needs
Engaging learning – Hot Lava Mobile automatically re-sizes learning content to fit the screen of the learner, presenting a more accessible and effective learning environment
Hot Lava Mobile makes it easy for learning professionals and subject matter experts to develop, manage and deliver mobile learning to anyone in the organization. Benefits for developers include:
Easy authoring – Anyone familiar with PowerPoint can now author and publish mobile learning including quizzes, assessments and polls without training through the new PowerPoint developer plug-in.
Device-independent delivery – With Hot Lava Mobile’s device-independent authoring, users do not need to worry about the multitude of devices and display options, as Hot Lava Mobile automatically presents learning, including audio and video content, appropriately for each device.
Seamless integration – Hot Lava Mobile can be easily integrated into enterprise learning environments to provide mobile learning functionality to their existing LMS’s.
With Hot Lava Mobile SaaS deployment, organizations are able to easily integrate mobile learning into their corporate environments. Benefits include: Flexible deployment – Hot Lava Mobile can be deployed as a standalone server to add mobile-only functionality or integrated with a corporate LMS to add mobile learning to any learning management system.
Secure company data – Organizations now have greater measures to protect valuable company data stored on or transmitted to mobile devices.
Hot Lava Mobile is the leading mobile learning solution to rapidly develop, deliver and analyze device independent mobile content to employees, customers and partners. The solution enables organizations to meet a wide variety of business, marketing, data capturing and mobile learning scenarios. And, unlike traditional mobile content development, Hot Lava Mobile allows organizations to develop content once and deploy it in multiple formats to multiple handhelds and mobile phones (Symbian Phones, BlackBerry, Windows Mobile Pocket PC’s, etc.) without requiring additional development. Hot Lava Mobile won a Best of Elearning! award for Best Mobile Learning Solution in 2009 and is a finalist in the same category in 2010.
Standalone Server – Any organization can quickly introduce mobile delivery and tracking through the standalone server.
LMS Integration – Hot Lava Mobile can be bolted onto any LMS enabling organizations to add mobile learning without having to acquire new LMS technology or change current LMS processes.
Hot Lava Mobile is available as a SaaS solution. With SaaS deployments, software requirements consist of a simple download of Hot Lava Mobile’s PowerPoint developer component, while Hot Lava Mobile’s Delivery component will be hosted and supported by OutStart.
QuotesBryan Chapman, Chief Learning Strategist, Chapman Alliance
“Anyone who can minimize the technical difficulties and reduce the barrier to entry for mobile learning deserves high praises. This new version goes a long way in attacking some of the most pressing issues we see on a regular basis such as ease of authoring and LMS communication. The real innovation of this new release is the move toward device independence. The result is that organizations are able to concentrate on how to extend and enhance current learning goals through the unique or enhanced benefits mobile devices possess. After all, mobile learning isn’t about doing the same old learning in a new medium, it is about leveraging the strengths of these devices to extend the continuum of learning and improve an overall learning strategy.”Massood Zarrabian, President & CEO, OutStart
“OutStart would like to thank our customers who worked with us to identify and solve some of the industry’s most significant challenges for developing and deploying mobile learning programs. Through their involvement, we have the solutions to real-world deployment challenges that have hindered the broad-scale adoption of mobile learning initiatives.”
Related LinksOutStart Mobile Learning White Paper
– Through real-world customer engagements, OutStart has identified seven use-cases particularly well suited for mobile learning initiatives. Read more in the white paper, “Mobile Learning Business Applications and Key Issues for Success.”Hot Lava Mobile Website
– View the website to learn more about features, benefits and requirements.
OutStart’s portfolio of software solutions helps organizations constantly learn across a continuum of ways – formally, socially, and now through mobile. Recognized as a Visionary in Gartner’s Corporate Learning Systems Magic Quadrant since 2004, OutStart is regularly acknowledged for its industry leading solutions. In 2010 alone, OutStart was named a Top Learning Portal
, one of “Five Emerging LMSs to Watch
,” and a winner of two Best of Elearning! Awards
for OutStart LCMS and Hot Lava Mobile.
OutStart’s solutions include OutStart LCMS the industry’s leading learning content management system; OutStart TrainingEdge.com, a complete SaaS corporate learning system (LMS, LCMS, social, and mobile); OutStart Participate for social learning; Hot Lava Mobile for mobile learning and priority communications; OutStart Trainer for eLearning desktop development; and OutStart SoftSim for the development of software simulations.
OutStart is honored to serve organizations that surpasses expectations and delivers exceptional business results, such as AgustaWestland, BB&T, Boeing Company, BT, CVS Caremark, DIRECTV, General Dynamics, Hewlett-Packard, Internal Revenue Service, McDonald’s, MetLife, Pilatus Aircraft, Prudential, Australian Defence Force, U.S. Navy, UK Ministry of Defence, Verizon Wireless, Xerox and Yum! Brands. To learn more about OutStart, visit the company on the web at www.outstart.com
. You can also read the blog at http://blog.outstart.com
and follow us on Twitter @outstart
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Over the years we have come across many patients that feel apprehensive about dental visits.
One thing you can rely on is that we will listen, we will allow the time to understand what exactly triggers a negative response with each particular patient, and will do all we possibly can to avoid those triggers.
Many people fear the Dental needle, but here at Care Dental this is a thing from the past. Instead we invested in new technology called the STA machine. This places a local anaesthetic with minimal (if any) discomfort together with the standard application of numbing gel for the comfort of our patients before any significant procedures. We also can provide nitrous oxide (happy gas) sedation as well.
However, it needs to be said, you should never put off getting your teeth fixed due to fear of the dentist’s chair. We have seen the results of procrastination time and time again where what might have originally have been a relatively simple filling or clean has become a much more intense (and expensive!) procedure such as root canal therapy.
If you’re afraid of the dentist, better to have regular checkups! | <urn:uuid:72e3733d-102f-446f-bf95-d1d019dd006c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.caredentalcashmere.com.au/services/dental-phobias/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.951099 | 233 | 1.65625 | 2 |
How to get fit at 50
Fitness is one of the most essential parts of living a healthy and happy lifestyle. It has a massive range of benefits, and no matter who you are or where you are starting from, it has something to offer you. People seem to follow the idea that age is an exception to this rule, however, but we're here to try and nip that in the bud; starting with looking at how to get fit at 50.
Getting started might not be the easiest thing to do, but it rarely is, no matter what age you start. It's a big lifestyle change, after all. The first step to doing it? Learn the basics about what you need to know, what you want to achieve, and how to get there.
First of all, is exercise. That may go without saying, but exercise is so diverse than it can be a little daunting. There's way more to it than just heading down to the gym or going for a run. Let’s look at your options.
The world health organisation (WHO) recommends that we get around 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week. That can be any combination of things, but that's what recommended for a healthy lifestyle. So what should you do?
Types of Exercise
The main types of training styles out there are focussed around weight training and cardiovascular exercise. Depending on your fitness goal, they both should have more than enough to offer you. In an ideal world, you should really be doing a healthy balance of both the reap all of the benefits possible, but that’s not always practical. Here are the key factors of each:
- Increased Strength
- Greater Bone Density
- Improved balance
- Joint protection
- Metabolism increase
- Lung function
- Heart function
- Stamina build-up
- Muscle gain
- Weight Management
- Lower Blood Pressure
- Increased Flexibility
- Improved Balance
- Stress Management
- Increased Core Strength
So, once you have found the right balance to fit what you want to do, how's best to go about doing it? Well, the same thing applies here too. There are so many different ways to train out there, finding the one that suits you is always easy to do. Once you find an exercise that you enjoy, you’re likely to find your workout routine much easier to stick to and keep the motivation going as well. That’s awesome. Here are a few training styles:
Doing cardio exercise at a standard rate for a set amount of time or distance. This is often the case with using a cardio machine.
High-Intensity Interval Training – Training in short bursts over a 15-20-minute period to maximise calorie burn and minimise time
Low-Intensity Steady State – Training at a light pace over a prolonged period of time like power/incline walking or light cycling. This makes exercising less strenuous and possibly more relaxed while burning calories.
One of the most effective ways to do strength training is by using compound exercises. They are exercises (like these) that use more than one muscle per exercise in order to work more muscles at the same time, maximising progress.
4 x 10 Sets
Compound exercises aren't everything, though. Even if they are your choice, you still need to know what to do with them. Probably the most common way to exercise with weights is using the 4xset set style. That's doing each exercise 10 times in a row, and then repeating that for a total of 4 times, resting in between them.
So those are the most common ways for you to start exercising and some of the most popular options to do it. Outside of the actual exercising too, though, there are some ways to be a healthier person and live a healthier lifestyle that helps you maintain your fitness too. Some of it does involve your exercise routine and motivation, but it's useful to take all of the points into consideration if you’re really trying to get fit at 50.
First of all, you need to find a way to keep motivated. Motivation is everything if you’re trying to get fit. If you get bored or demotivated, you’ll likely give up long term. Try and find a way to exercise that you can enjoy and that fits into your lifestyle and schedule. Make it enjoyable however you can do!
Tracking progress of being a fitter person isn’t always easier. You may think you should lose weight, build muscle or improve your stamina, but doing all of them at the same time will likely result in little to no progress. Make sure that you set strong and realistic goals that you can keep an eye on. That’s the best way to really see your progress.
Use exercise to socialise too. This is a point that a lot of people don't even think about. Exercising doesn't have to be going to the gym for a workout five days a week. Why not join a running group and make some friends? Get a gym buddy or join a sports team. There are way more ways to get active than you might think about! (Take a look here for ideas)
Finally, one incredibly important point to look at to get fit at 50 is how it affects your mental state as well as physical. Exercising has a huge range of mental benefits. That much we know. Exercising means you're actively making a positive change to your life and your body, and that ripples to tonnes of other areas of life too.
Overall, getting fit at 50 is definitely not out of the ordinary. No matter what age you are, there are improvements to make to your fitness and even more benefits to exercise in later life. Find a way you can train in a way that suits you and go from there. Start small, don't run before you can walk, and keep things realistic. Anything else is just a bonus.
If you're still not quite convinced, here's an article from the BHF with a few tips of their own.
Before beginning any exercise or nutrition program, consult your physician, doctor or other professional. This is especially important for individuals over the age of 35 or persons with pre-existing health problems. Exercise.co.uk assumes no responsibility for personal injury or property damage sustained using our advice.
If you experience dizziness, nausea, chest pain, or any other abnormal symptoms, stop the workout at once and consult a physician or doctor immediately. | <urn:uuid:a83a4c1c-63d5-4341-b2f4-a0d22bc3b12b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.exercise.co.uk/learn/how-to-get-fit-at-50/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.958042 | 1,398 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Designed as a technical reference for all pilots who operate under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) in the National Airspace System (NAS), the Instrument Procedures Handbook expands and updates information contained in the Instrument Flying Handbook and introduces advanced information for IFR operations. This handbook provides real-world guidance on how instrument-rated pilots can best use the system they've trained for, as well as in depth coverage of instrument charts and procedures for IFR takeoff, departure, enroute, arrival, approach and landing.
This book explores Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT), Enhanced Flight Vision Systems (EFVS), LNAV/VNAV and circling minimums, Head-Up Display (HUD) and Synthetic and Enhanced Vision Systems (SVS/EVS). The NextGen System is covered including ADS-B, SWIM, data and network communications systems and a "forecast" of NextGen planned improvements. Also included are pertinent issues related to the development, limitations and utilization of airborne navigation databases in use today and for future use in an ever-modernizing national airspace system.
- Departure Procedures
- En route Operations
- Improvement Plans
- Airborne Navigation Devices
- Helicopter Instrument Procedures
- Emergency Procedures
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Secured eBooks are offered through a system called Safeguard Viewer which makes protected eBooks easier to read and view. The Safeguard Viewer application is compatible with Windows, Android, macOS and iOS devices. Visit this LINK
to get the Safeguard Viewer application. The Safeguard Viewer PDC files include all the familiar features found in standard PDFs. Our eBooks are authorized to use on up to six (6) supported devices. Your files are authorized to you and can be viewed online or offline. Secured PDCs may be used on any device that supports the Safeguard Viewer application The download process is three (3) easy steps:
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- Open and enjoy your new eBooks and experience. Please let us know if you have any issues-anytime! firstname.lastname@example.org
If the eBook is Unsecured, it is a standard PDF viewable by any PDF reader application. In the event you don't have a default PDF reader, visit https://get.adobe.com/reader to get a FREE PDF reader. Unsecured PDFs have no restrictions and may be used on any device that supports PDFs.
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Orders placed before 2 PM Mountain Standard Time (MST) Monday-Friday (except holidays) are shipped out the same day. FedEx Overnight, 2nd Day, and Express Saver requests must be placed by 1 PM Mountain Standard Time (MST) for same day shipping.
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- We strongly recommend FedEx for all international shipping. Choosing FedEx shipping is the only way to guarantee your order will be successfully delivered.
- Freight Forwarders are a safe and economical method of shipping larger orders (over 50 kg). If you do not currently use a freight forwarder, please ask us to recommend one which serves your area.
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Social media management plays a vital role in today’s world when it comes to the growth of a company. Thousands of dollars are spent on creating captivating content that can convert prospects into clients. Traditional means of marketing are rather outdated as social media marketing takes center stage. To achieve company goals there are a number of mobile apps for social media management available that help you grow your business.
With the amount of money you invest in promoting your products and company on social media, you require you are able to track its performance as well. This is where social media management apps on your mobile come to the rescue.
You can easily monitor the progress of your campaign while traveling. We bring you the Top 10 Mobile Apps for Social Media Management that make it easy for you to manage your social media posting, marketing, and management.
Top 10 Mobile Apps for Social Media Management
Loomly is a social media management application that will not let you down when it comes to getting content ideas. Loomly will provide you the best new content ideas to develop content that matches your trade. This social media management application is entirely driven by content. For instance, the app will provide you information related to events around the corner such as Christmas or a celebrity’s birthday.
That not all it also portrays global events around the world at the forefront. This makes new content ideas visible for you to develop viral or trending content. This ensures sustained business growth via content creation. It typically helps attract viewers towards you.
Sprout social is a one-stop social media management application that helps you schedule all your social media accounts on its user’s friendly platform. It makes the complex task of juggling through multiple social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and more quick and easy.
It helps you analyze your data based on demographics and geographic criteria. This gives an idea of which content is working with your followers in that particular region. It can manage and monitor multiple accounts and keywords across all social media while discussing your brand. The social media application can help you respond to customers channelizing messages to others in the organization to take the desired action.
Buffer has been around for a long time, a social media management application used widely by many companies across the world. It helps schedule posts from various browsers using the Buffer extension for Chrome, Safari, and Opera. Buffers offer you to connect with a number of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and more.
Buffer offers a service called Trollishly, it is a remarkable service if you are a social media management agency. The service offers quality tactics for efficient social media management.
Everypost is a widely used social media management application by many brands. It offers some premium features that many other social media management applications lack. As we all know Twitter comes with a character limit when it comes to tweets. In case to exceed the character limit, your tweet text is cut short.
Everypost helps you overcome this as it keeps track of your tweets and automatically carries out the necessary modifications. Thus you end up having perfectly edited text without any text cuts. This makes the app popular amongst many of its followers. You can also schedule and customize your post using the social media application. With its ability to customize, it helps you streamline many of your works related to social media management.
It takes a lot of effort when it comes to social media marketing. It is a collaborative effort of many people involved in the entire process of social media marketing. Trello helps you streamline your social media operation as it helps you keep track of tasks performed by teammates.
This application provides frequent updates about the tasks performed by the people. Convey to the team what is expected from them and inform them about the required modifications. It allows you to schedule posts across various social media platforms. The social media management applications organize your tasks without constraints.
Hootsuite is one of the popular names when it comes to social media management applications. The reason for its popularity is it suits all sorts of businesses. From a large corporation to a small business everyone can enjoy the same seamless experience using the Hootsuite application.
The app is capable of not just scheduling the content but can also monitor the post-performance and provide a demystified performance report. It also gives necessary insights required for content curation and keeps track of the performance of every post. You get every minute detail about your social media activity. This can help you amplify the quality of your social media strategy.
Zoho Social is a simple social media management application that helps you manage multiple social media channels. It offers the posting calendar feature which allows you to view which posts have been scheduled for posting. The performance of your posts on the basis of keywords can be tracked. Team collaboration via a single dashboard is possible using Zoho Social.
It offers a special version for marketing agencies that allows brand and communications managers for client lists with white labeling. You can also benefit by integrating other Zoho tools such as Zoho Workspace, Zoho Campaigns, and Zoho CRM with Zoho Social.
Sendible is a very modern social media management application. Widely used across major social applications for scheduling and queuing the post. You can add keywords to the content which makes it reachable to the targeted audience. This strategy helps in a lead generation which is a bonus especially while using a social media management application. This feature makes it an ideal SEO tool for your organization as well.
Agorapulse is a social media management platform, designed to help agencies and businesses post. It helps in monitoring posts across a number of social media websites.
It offers features such as queueing, rescheduling, or bulk uploading posts. The social inbox helps you monitor replies to your posts, mentions, and all other important messages. The reporting tool presents you with analytics relating to content and engagement data. This can also be downloaded as CSV or PPT files.
The social media application is good for both individuals as well as teams. You can also build a CRM database of followers and other social media users to track and add notes on these.
It is a great platform for agencies who may have more demanding needs than the ordinary business for general management and monitoring of social med
SocialPilot is an ideal social media management application for small businesses, agencies, and enterprises. It enables users to publish and schedule their social media posts. The social inbox features allow users to monitor replies, comments, and mentions, as well as analytics that offers white label reporting.
Social Pilot offers agency tools that allow teams to collaborate and built-in workflows. You can also appoint a dedicated account manager in case of Enterprise clients with priority phone and email support.
It offers users the ability to schedule up to 500 posts, along with images, using a post planner. The post planner allows you to review content and map them to the right social media platform.
Social media marketing is here to stay, its importance is increasing consistently. This has resulted in considerable growth in the demand for social media management applications. These tools not only help facilitate the distribution of social media content but also help in monitoring, responding, etc. All this leads to an increase in business growth. The application we discussed above will definitely help not only make it easy for users to deal with social media for their businesses but also keep them less occupied. Without hesitating one should start using any one of the social media management applications mentioned above.
Last but not least don’t forget to comment your thoughts and share any other social media managements you think is better. | <urn:uuid:b2c09ea3-e149-468b-b5bb-3b6bd20498a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://technoidhost.com/apps/top-10-mobile-apps-social-media-management/3047/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.93677 | 1,581 | 1.515625 | 2 |
The world is bursting with financial solutions...
Traditional financial advice tells you to cut out the lattes, cook meals at home, buy generic shampoo, build your emergency fund, and save for retirement.
Your parents tell you to follow a budget, use cash only, and live within your means.
The new age expert doesn't believe you need a budget. You simply need to automate your savings and invest.
Your business coach insists on outsourcing the finances to a bookkeeper or accountant so you can focus on what you are really good at...which I guess is not money.
The money mindset guru tells you banish toxic money thoughts by reciting, 10 times a day, "I love money and money loves me!" as well as other wealth building affirmations.
And then there are more piles of money tidbits from various books, blogs, newspapers, magazines, YouTube, Facebook Lives, and podcast episodes.
Because there are so many financial solutions...
You've found yourself confused, not knowing which one to follow or how to get started, leading you to pay attention to your finances "later" and save money “someday”.
Or you've tried to stick with a budget and have even cut back on coffees and dinners, only to still feel like you don't have enough money to do the things you need, let alone want and dream of.
Perhaps you prefer to out-earn your financial problems because you've always been able to get by...despite being stuck in the "make it, spend it, make it, spend it" cycle.
Here's the real issue...
You have been taught to solve the
To be specific,
you have been taught to see 'not having enough money' as the problem.
not having enough money is not your problem.
It is a result.
The real problem is...
your money lacks purpose.
When you give your money a purpose,
you tell your money how to help you.
Supporting tools, like a budget and finance software, work SUCCESSFULLY without draining you.
Affirmations and vision boards actually empower you.
You can (and should) buy the things you want while your bank account continues to grow.
Books, podcasts, YouTube videos, blogs, newspapers, and others that share financial advice actually make sense!
Awkward and uncomfortable conversations about money cease to exist.
Your relationship with money
How would it feel to...
Shift away from the stress of wondering why you never have enough money to confidently knowing there is money in your bank account for all the things you need and want?
Play bigger, leave a legacy, and turn your dreams into reality because you have the money available to invest in a home and create passive income streams.
Have peace of mind, confidently knowing each action you take actually brings you closer to the financial life you desire?
No longer feel shame around your spending and earning decisions because you know how to control the flow of your money?
A financial empowerment program that reminds you of your divine right to prosper.
Here's what you'll receive:
16 training videos - Your money is ALWAYS there to support you. These trainings will remind you of that. You will learn how to remove the old, stale, limiting beliefs that have kept you stuck and in fear of your money and replace them with new supportive beliefs that enables you to embrace your money so that it can support you, your desires, and your dreams.
13 Transformational Exercises - Practice makes progress.This program is not just about mindset. It is also about skillset. These exercises will help you apply your upgraded mind to the skills in order to create the financial result you desire.
Lifetime access to the entire program - Growth is inevitable. With growth comes unlimited updates and upgrades. You're welcome :-)
Module 1 – Desire, Dreams, Wants, and Why
This is your first step in mastering your money. You are meant to have desires. In this module you will declare your desires and understand why you are meant to have them
Module 2 – Are Your Beliefs True?
You'll begin to gain awareness on what what has been stopping you from taking action. Note: This is the module that identifies why you struggle with money.
Module 3 – Thoughts Are Things
Gain even more clarity on how you have been creating your financial reality. With clarity comes control.
Module 4 – Your New Way of Thinking
Out with the old and in with the new! Set yourself free from the beliefs that have limited you and replace them with those that empower and set you free.
Module 5 – Feelings and Emotions
Your emotions DO help you make good decisions. Amplify your new way of thinking with passion in the form of feelings and values.
Module 6 – Be Specific
You do not need to justify your desires to anyone. This module reminds you of that. Be as specific so that your money can serve you in the best way possible.
Module 7 – The 1% Rule
It's time to use your mindset take action. Financial action. This action teaches you how to control the flow of your cash so that you can consistently build your bank account.
Module 8 – Check In
This is an opportunity to reflect, revisit, adjust and remember that it is your DIVINE right to prosper.
Module 9 – Make Room For Your Money (Part 1)
If you want more money, you need to make room for it. In this module you'll physically remove the stuff that has stopping the flow of money into your life.
Module 10 – Have Fun! How to Create A Positive Experience
Managing money can be fun! This module shows you how to create a fun experience that has you looking forward to tracking your finances.
Module 11 – Let’s Do It! Tracking Your Finances
It's time! In this module you'll track your finances from an empowered place and have fun doing it.
Module 12 – Understanding Your Relationship with Your Money
This is an opportunity to understand what inspired your actions that produced the financial results that you have tracked and seen.
Module 13 – How to Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is
Setting the stage for the rest of this program, you will continue to discover how other people's beliefs have influenced you and your actions, which have given you a financial result.
Module 14 – Make Room For Your Money (Part 2)
Similar to module 9, you'll learn how to make room for your money in your financial life.
Module 15 – Let’s Put It All Together
You've learned how to control your money. Now it is your turn to consciously set the financial tone for the next month and beyond.
Module 16 – Budgets, Bookkeepers, Software, and More…
Now that you have given your money a purpose, you can apply the tools that help you achieve your desired financial result.
You don’t need another tactic filled article giving you 50 ways to reduce your water or wireless bill.
What you need is a clear, step-by-step, implementation program that ACTUALLY helps you achieve financial control.
Make 2021 your breakthrough financial year.
How are you?
My name is Chioma.
Feel free to call me Chi (like "cheese") or Chi chi.
I'm an accountant and cash flow warrior on a mission to help more amazing souls, like you, prosper, without sacrificing the things you need and want. With financial prosperity, you can live your best life and also help others live theirs.
Thank you for sharing your time with me.
Cheers to your prosperity! | <urn:uuid:469b68c4-12eb-4e72-917e-dbea68500f45> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.themindfulbookkeeper.com/master-your-money | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.930905 | 1,647 | 1.546875 | 2 |
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Gh is synthesized and secreted by anterior pituitary cells called Related Article: | <urn:uuid:bdd4b81e-a514-48e5-a2f0-1b0a8287bb6d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drone-j.com/profile/branesromek/profile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.808901 | 1,904 | 1.5 | 2 |
Source:Falkland Islands Government (Stanley)
Posted: Wednesday, April 10, 2013
Most recent follow-up news item: January 1, 2014
The Falkland Islands Government has announced that Wednesday, April 17, 2013, had been declared a one-off non-working public holiday throughout the Falkland Islands to coincide with that day's memorial service for the late Baroness Thatcher.
Six years ago (2007-09-23), the date of the funeral of Major General Sir Jeremy Moore, who commanded British land forces during the 1982 Falkland Islands War, was declared a day of mourning in the Falkland Islands.
A few months earlier (2007-05-25), a one-off public holiday/non-working day had been declared to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Liberation of the Falklands.
Links and References
Below are links to the news stories referred to in the above "Falkland Islands Public Holiday April 17" news story, as well as links to subsequents news stories which refer to the present news story. | <urn:uuid:64f3b472-b63e-4229-8d63-4b0a005766ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.qppstudio.net/public-holidays-news/2013/falkland-islands-public-holiday-april-17-006623.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.966559 | 216 | 1.796875 | 2 |
FirstMark, a diagnostic division of GenWay Biotech, has presented the study results for PREvent, a multiple biomarker test that diagnoses near term risk of myocardial infarction for suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease patients.
The PREvent blood test is based on technology developed and patented by GenWay, Emory University and MedStar.
Around 3,000 individuals with suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease were enrolled in Phase I and Phase II trials, in which PREvent identified the top 10% of confirmed coronary artery disease patients, who have a 6.45 times higher risk of a near-term myocardial infarction within a 2-3 year period.
In the study, the test also demonstrated to be 12 times effective than the single biomarker CRP.
GenWay Biotech president and CEO Thomas Silberg said the blood test will allow physicians to identify coronary artery disease patients that are in most urgent need of aggressive treatment and monitoring. | <urn:uuid:66008309-63d6-45d2-8607-501693539dbb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hospitalmanagement.net/news/newsfirstmark-prevent-blood-assay-could-diagnose-coronary-artery-disease/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.941414 | 196 | 2.203125 | 2 |
A consumer watchdog has issued a major warning about student loans.
Here’s what you need to know.
Beware of the dangers of student loan debt. A new investigation by the Student Borrower Protection Center (SBPC), a non-profit advocacy group, has revealed the rise of “fictitious debt” affecting millions of student borrowers. Traditional coverage of the student debt crisis has focused on $1.7 trillion in student loans owed by 45 million borrowers. However, there is a poorly regulated student loan debt “ghost” market that also poses a significant risk to student borrowers. “With the high fees, harsh contract terms, and abusive collection practices that characterize phantom student debt,” writes the SBPC, student borrowers are suffering financially.
The SBPC has identified more than 100 non-accredited for-profit schools that market point-of-sale financing such as Buy Now, Pay Later” or BNPL, as a type of student loan to pay for education. The SBPC warns student borrowers that these risky types of credit disguised as student loans lack key protections found in private and federal student loans and may have hidden fees and other dangers.
(6 Major Changes to Student Loan Forgiveness)
Beware of the dangers of this type of student loan
Student borrowers should be aware that using forms of credit such as the BNPL to fund their education under “untested, unaccredited, and/or slightly or completely unsupervised programs” could put you at tremendous risk. Specifically, student borrowers could:
- face significant costs;
- being required to repay their loan before getting a job;
- have little or no protection against fraud;
- experience a decline in their credit score;
- limit their ability to assert their rights in court; and
- they are not eligible for student loan forgiveness.
“Today’s report exposes another industry determined to make money from the student debt crisis,” said SBPC Director of Research and Investigations Ben Kaufman. “Policymakers and law enforcement at all levels must step in to protect borrowers from the ungodly but increasingly prevalent marriage of dodgy schools and risky private credit.”
(Student loan refinance rates have gotten ridiculously cheap)
Student loans: what to look for
Student borrowers should be aware that for-profit colleges have continued to experience significant growth. At least some of these education companies offer short-term, degree-based courses (such as boot camps) that are supposed to lead to employment (but may not deliver on their economic promises). However, the SBPC warns that consumers face “extreme danger” with for-profit schools increasingly using “exotic forms of private credit” as a way to fund tuition fees. According to the SBPC:
- Student borrowers should beware of dubious for-profit schools that advertise the “Buy Now, Pay Later” credit as a student loan. BNPL is an installment loan used in retail purchases in which you purchase the goods in advance but do not have to pay for the goods until a later date. When applied to tuition, the SBPC wants BNPL credit to be a source of “quick and risky loans” for student borrowers to use for courses such as cosmetology, outdoor survival and craft making. wigs. Many of these courses cost hundreds or thousands of dollars to attend.
- Student borrowers should be especially careful before using BNPL loans in for-profit “bootcamps” for tech careers. Like revenue-sharing agreements, be especially wary of using BNPL loans for technology-focused job training programs. At least some of these programs are not accredited. Even if you pay high tuition fees with a BNPL loan, you can get your desired tech job.
(Biden cancels $415 million in student loans, but Bernie Sanders says cancel all $1.8 trillion student debt)
Student loans: final thoughts
Before borrowing a financial product, make sure you understand its terms and conditions. Make sure the financial product is right for you. A BNPL loan may make financial sense for your particular situation, but it’s important to understand the total costs and the fine print. Likewise, before enrolling in a course or degree program, do your due diligence on the educational institution and the promises, if any, made. With temporary student loan relief set to end in less than 60 days, having a student loan repayment game plan is essential.
Here are smart ways to repay student loans: | <urn:uuid:b6a71679-ed2c-4647-aa18-c2df6adabee1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gdevresources.com/beware-of-the-dangers-of-fictitious-debt/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961099 | 945 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Harry Potter™: The Exhibition is a groundbreaking touring exhibition that celebrates all things Harry Potter™ and the expanded Wizarding World. Using best-in-class immersive design and technology, this immersive interactive exhibit delights visitors through powerful storytelling and
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Download and bring your own headphones to listen in to learn even more about the wizarding world of Harry Potter during your visit. | <urn:uuid:8c1d063a-f8ad-4c77-9a9c-01303136b76c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fi.edu/exhibits/harry-potter?utm_source=Partner&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=HPX+website+TOS+Email&utm_id=HPX+website+TOS+Email | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.897728 | 199 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Can A 1789 Law Apply To An iPhone?
When a federal judge ordered Apple earlier this week to unlock a phone used by one of the assailants in a mass shooting in San Bernardino, Calif., she cited a law from 1789. It could make you wonder if the nation's legal system is having a hard time keeping up with the fast pace of technological change. So, I asked a few legal experts if our old laws can apply to this particular situation.
The iPhone in question was used by Syed Rizwan Farook, who along with his wife was allegedly motivated by violent Islamist ideology to kill 14 of his co-workers. Farook's employer owned the phone, but Farook created the password. The iPhone is designed so that after 10 failed attempts to log on, it erases the personal information on it.
The Justice Department got a court order telling Apple it must create special software to unlock the phone. Apple has refused. The company claims that creating such software would make all phones less secure.
I asked Adam Scott Wandt, a professor at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, if he could think of another case like this one. His first response: "Give me one second to think."
It took more than a second. But Wandt finally came up with the Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 — also known as the E911 Act. Its purpose, according to Wandt: "To force all cellular communication providers to at all times be able to geo-locate their cellphones."
Wandt admits it's not a perfect analogy. Locating a phone isn't the same thing as gaining access to everything on it.
Wandt says in Riley v. California, decided in 2014, the Supreme Court declared that today's mobile phones are something special — "that your average phone today has so much information in it, and such a digest and diary of somebody's life, that it needs more protection than it had in the past."
Let's add another element. Apple claims that if it creates a software key that can break into Farook's phone, the key could eventually find its way into the hands of hackers. It's just too hard to protect.
Aaron Wright, a professor at Yeshiva University's Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, offered this comparison: "One analogy that I've heard is, it's like asking a door-maker to create doors that only let the government in. And in the process, that just creates risks that may enable other people to follow them through that door."
Of course, that just wouldn't happen in the physical world. Even after the government gets a warrant to search your home, there is no special universal key. If you don't open the door, police physically break it down.
But trying to write a law specific to a new technology can be very hard, says Irina Raicu, director of the Internet Ethics Program at Santa Clara University's Markkula Center for Applied Ethics. Take the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986.
"They assumed that people would not store emails and other things for more than six months," Raicu says. "And they didn't contemplate the fact that storage was going to become so cheap that we all have tons of old emails in our accounts."
Raicu thinks sometimes we may be better off adapting old laws to the new world. She thinks it's not necessarily a bad thing that the federal court in California used the principles set out in 1789 to order Apple to unlock the phone.
That law, the All Writs Act, is all of two sentences in length. It gives judges the authority to issue any order necessary — within the law — to further litigation before the court. The relative clause says:
"The Supreme Court and all courts established by Act of Congress may issue all writs necessary or appropriate in aid of their respective jurisdictions and agreeable to the usages and principles of law."
"The law actually seems to be keeping up with technology by being so broad that we're just reinterpreting it all the time," says Raicu.
In his impassioned explanation on Apple's website for refusing the government's order, CEO Tim Cook criticized the use of this old law, rather than, as Cook put it, "asking for legislative action through Congress."
But, as Raicu sees it, given past attempts by lawmakers to legislate new technology, Cook may want to be careful what he asks for.
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org. | <urn:uuid:3119f77a-bc8f-4340-b584-774cf5257da5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kcur.org/2016-02-19/can-a-1789-law-apply-to-an-iphone | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.967012 | 936 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Following are the LoadRunner Interview Questions Set #6.
Q. 26 What is the difference between Standard Log and Extended Log?
Ans: Standard log creates a log of functions and messages sent to the server during script execution whereas Extended log contains additional warnings and other messages.
Q. 27 When do you disable logging?
Ans: Logs are enabled during debugging the script and disabled while executing the test. The recommended log option during the test execution is ‘Send messages only when an error occurs’.
Q. 28 How can we debug a LoadRunner script?
Ans: VuGen contains two options to debug Vuser scripts.
- Run Step By Step (F10)
- Toggle Breakpoint (F9)
You can also use any of the function lr_set_debug_message(), lr_debug_message(), lr_output_message(), lr_error_message().
Q. 29 What is wasted time in VuGen Replay log?
Ans: Waste time is the time spent by LoadRunner to write the logs, keeping the record, running the logic etc. It is never performed by any browser user and just the time spent on the LoadRunner internal activities.
Q. 30 During the load test, what is the optimum setting for Logs?
Ans: For the load test, the log level is set to minimal. This can be achieved by setting the log level to the standard log and selecting the radio button ‘Send a message only when an error occurs’. | <urn:uuid:f5dd6700-2f2d-4747-9382-cbd888780485> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.perfmatrix.com/loadrunner-interview-questions-6/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.848202 | 319 | 1.734375 | 2 |
10 Nov How you can use play to get through life with more joy and happiness!
via the Washington Post by Neda Semnani
We all know the feeling: Our keys are lost, the baby won’t stop screaming, our computer’s frozen, and suddenly it feels like our whole life is careening toward disaster. The frustration in those moments can be all-consuming.
But what if we reframe these mundane crises as opportunities for us to live more playful and engaged lives?
In his new book, Play Anything: The Pleasure of Limits, the Uses of Boredom, and the Secret of Games, philosopher and video game designer Ian Bogost explains how we can apply principles of play to life’s most infuriating moments, so they become tolerable, and perhaps improbably, even fun. In the latest in our blog series, Inspiring Reads, we talked to Bogost about remembering how to play.
Q: When we think about play, we normally think of it as doing some sort of freewheeling, unstructured activity, but you argue that this isn’t play at all, so what is play?
Bogost: Play is, generally speaking, the operation of structures constrained by limitations. In other words, it is how we describe free movement within a system. So, for example, when we maneuver a soccer ball without using our hands or manipulate the falling boxes in Tetris, we are at play, and it’s the game’s rules that transform senseless repetitive motion into play.
There are parallels to draw here between games and our everyday lives. For most of us, life is characterized by the rules and limitations that come with parenting or marriage or work. We are faced with constraints on our time and on our money. Our greatest frustrations occur as we try to navigate these everyday obligations and obstacles. Usually, we feel these mundane tasks are the stuff we have to do before we get to do the stuff we want to do. The tragedy here is that the stuff we have to do takes up most of our time. If we can’t find pleasure or gratification in these moments, if we are just waiting for our obligations to be over and done with so we can move on to pursuing more desirable activities, then we’re well and truly screwed. Life will feel intolerable.
But, on the other hand, if we treat everything — every object, person, or situation — with the same respect and deliberateness we afford games and hobbies, then we will find delight and gratification throughout our lives day-to-day. Play is the tool that can help us find the novelty and wonder in what we think of as tedious…
…keep reading the full & original article HERE | <urn:uuid:58055488-c9f8-4457-9a80-e334ba358fe5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drhappy.com.au/2016/11/10/how-you-can-use-play-to-get-through-life-with-more-joy-and-happiness/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.942376 | 568 | 2.4375 | 2 |
To Live with the Fairy Folk is a guide to changing one’s surroundings inside the house and in the garden to attract the elusive sprites seen frolicking and dancing in folklore of cultures as widely separated and diverse as Japan, Ireland, Spain, Denmark, and the Americas. “To be surrounded by cheerful Folk,” writes Marina Stern, “is to be cheerful, buoyed up by the laughter of Nature Herself. To arrange your life, home, and especially garden in order to make the Folk welcome is to invite happiness, luck, and love.”
There are as many theories about the origins and identities of Fairy Folk as there are people who believe in them. They are known variously as “the Good People,” “the Little People,” “the Good Neighbors,” “the Gentry,” and “the People of Peace.” The Folk are made of memory, imagination, tradition, and desire. They exist wherever people are — they are ever present, like air.
To Live with the Fairy Folk teaches the etiquette favored by the Folks. Respect for privacy, generosity, neatness, fairness, and romance are essential. Then there’s the matter of where the Folk like to live — what trees to plant and how to best care for them, tips about lighting (inside and outside), and instructions for using water, shade, sunshine, and fragrances to make a Folkfriendly habitat. Stern concludes the book with magical garden designs you can easily duplicate. | <urn:uuid:3f972437-5549-4ee8-8777-2c11cb10af7d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://redwheelweiser.com/book/to-live-with-the-fairy-folk-9781578632732/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.956464 | 319 | 2.75 | 3 |
Seven years after Jeff Bezos had the idea of putting an airbag on your smartphone, Amazon’s inventors have kicked it up a notch by patenting a drone-mounted system that inflates an airbag around your package just before it’s dropped off for delivery.
The inventors behind the new patent, published today, may not be as well-known as Amazon’s billionaire CEO, but they’re notable: One is Gur Kimchi, the Amazon VP in charge of the drone delivery program at Prime Air. The other is Avi Bar-zeev, who’s been involved in projects ranging from Microsoft HoloLens to Google Earth. He left Amazon after the patent application was filed in 2015 and is now at Apple.
The system they describe features an airlift package protection airbag, or APP airbag, that would be wrapped around a package that’s due to go out on a drone for delivery. | <urn:uuid:49bab93b-b8d5-4c02-badf-8b2a03bb06f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cosmiclog.com/2018/03/13/app-airbag-could-protect-drone-dropped-deliveries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.953071 | 195 | 1.578125 | 2 |
The winter months are a testing time for the IT industry. Back in 2015-2016, thousands lost communication as severe flooding hit the north-east of England, inundating various IT assets. Vodafone engineers worked tirelessly over the festive period to fix their Leeds-based data centre.
And 2019 could be another testing year, as weather experts warn that the ‘real winter’ is set to kick in with the potential arrival of a new ‘Beast from the East’ towards the end of January. Some even predict it will be the coldest winter on record, with icy gales and a risk of heavy snowfall across the UK. Globally, big snowstorms have already caused major disruption in the US’ south-eastern states, with North Carolina declaring a state of emergency last month for snow up to more than two feet in some areas. As the winter season rolls on, it’s vital for data centre operators to be proactive and make adjustments to the equipment to ensure optimal performance.
As most data centre operators know, data centres face static and backup power issues when winter storms hit. Since a majority of data centres are climate-controlled and generator-backed, these issues resolve themselves. That doesn’t mean that data centre operators and support vendors are completely off the hook for winter-weather related concerns though. Winter is a testing time and unpredictable weather patterns means operators must prepare for all types of scenarios.
Here are a few things that IT staff should consider in the face of another brutal winter season.
The role of IT leaders throughout a winter storm
Regardless of the weather condition, disaster recovery provisions should always be in place and ready to activate, and IT leaders should be a key stakeholder in their initial and ongoing development. There are key best practices when preparing your data centre for a winter storm: ensure generators are fully provisioned with oil and fuel, regularly test your generators, and clear roofing materials of ice and other winter debris. The most important of all may be to maintain a mirror copy of production systems in a second data centre. Every business unit should have continuity and contingency plans, and IT departments are no different. In fact, they will likely play roles in several unit plans, and they are vital to keeping operations running as smoothly as possible.
Another critical responsibility of IT leaders during winter weather conditions is to always keep customers informed throughout the duration of a storm. Customers should be aware of the preparations being made for the company before a storm arrives and receive frequent updates throughout. They should also be alerted to all of the potential data risks and downtime opportunities beforehand, so that they may plan accordingly. Communication should be continuous across all stages, with detailed notes or quick, digestible notifications to customers.
It’s times like these that make your company stand out and prove the high-level of trust and service you’re providing to customers.
Travel is unpredictable, so plan ahead
The biggest mistake that support staff and engineers make is assuming that travel is possible. Delivering a repair part to a data centre could be extremely difficult, if not impossible, in the face of blistering winds and snow causing whiteout conditions on the road. Aside from weather conditions, employees themselves may have conflicts preventing them from getting to a company’s data centre site, such as damage to their home or other health-related concerns.
Safety and employee well-being should always take priority, but it does mean that when travel to a data centre is deemed impossible, extended server downtime can be an issue. The most effective way to limit downtime in the case of inclement weather is to have “remote hands” or “remote access” capabilities in place.
Remote hands services tackle basic tasks like rebooting servers, disconnecting and reconnecting cables, and monitoring and reporting on indicators. When access to a data centre is impossible – whether it’s travel-related or because it’s located across the country – these systems come in-hand. They are important so that manual action can be taken to remediate any downed equipment.
Riding out the storm and looking ahead
The passing of a storm doesn’t mean that the work is done for external IT staff. They will be responsible for assessing the aftermath and confirming any damage by conducting extensive, comprehensive tests and cross-checks across all data centre assets.
Looking ahead, organisations should consider infrastructure changes to create better efficiencies in the data centre in the event of a storm. One instance is by including the cloud in your business continuity planning or disaster recovery plans, which can also be a very cost-effective way to implement mirror systems or cold standby systems. The ability to maintain backup capacity without paying for the capital infrastructure for a complete mirror system not only protects your precious data from exposure to weather elements, as they are stored online, but is also a big cost saver.
It’s vital to always think of ways to ensure that critical data server infrastructure is up and running, maximising uptime regardless of the weather system. Weather patterns are unpredictable and can make data centre preparedness a challenge, but taking the time to ensure disaster recovery provisions are in place – even if this means considering infrastructure changes – will help your organisation to ride out a winter storm. IT leaders are crucial in this process, being both a key stakeholder in developing such continuity and contingency plans, as well as responsible for ensuring customers are alert and responsive to adverse conditions. Having remote hands capabilities in place for when travel to the data centre is too dangerous means downtime is avoided and staff safety remains priority. And of course, even when you’re no longer in the eye of the storm, comprehensive tests and cross-checks of data centre assets for any damage are vital. Taking these steps will ensure that your data centre can continue to operate safely and efficiently.
Chris Adams, President and CEO of Park Place Technologies (opens in new tab)
Image Credit: YouTube | <urn:uuid:55eaca34-df66-4314-b270-40675df629e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.itproportal.com/features/data-centres-vs-mother-nature-tackling-winter-crises/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.938596 | 1,211 | 1.625 | 2 |
The last time you had a precious vase delivered to your house, it arrived as a little heap of debris at the bottom of your box. Undoubtedly, stuffing newspapers to keep the vase from being rattled during transit had not been sufficient. Understanding from this calamity, your very first impulse would have probably been to try to find different padding materials. Fortunately is that there are lots of sort of packaging tools available. As delivered products become ever before more varied, however, supporting materials also need to maintain. Currently, there are numerous type of product packaging materials being made use of to secure transportable products. The key use cushioning is to secure vulnerable products from the stress and anxieties of transportation, specifically from jolting, effect, or vibration. These items range from ceramics, glass, electronic items, and porcelain.
It is interesting to keep in mind that product packaging products are utilized not only to work as shock absorbers, however additionally to readjust the packages to attain a standard dimension. In this situation, they function as adapters in between the product packaging (like a transport box) and the nonstandard plan components. If you ever before asked yourself just how cushioning products job, they act by absorbing a proportion of the kinetic power created when the bundle collides with one more object, or when it is dropped. They likewise increase the braking distance of the plan materials. It is essential to bear in mind that the performance of the product packaging tools in supporting products will greatly rely on the type of product used. For instance, with polystyrene foam beads, they are commonly enveloped in vacuum sealed film, allowing them to shape and contour well around a product.
With several supporting materials in the market today, it is crucial to select one that fulfills basic demands. First of all, excellent product packaging options must be able to recover swiftly; they have to have the ability to sustain repetitive subjection to similar stress and anxieties. If recuperation is too sluggish, the braking distance decreases with each direct exposure to stress, and the contents cannot be effectively protected can tim xe cho hang. One more is that the safety product packaging has to be aloof to critical components such as severe temperature variations, moisture from raised humidity, and solar radiations. Some contents go to danger for rust; hence, the product packaging devices need to not include any hostile elements which could bring about such a state. | <urn:uuid:b422dd58-2194-4728-9d72-3c7795a4a02f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://adelaidemaisonabe.com/travel/packaging-solutions-keeping-transportable-goods-unscathed.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.963767 | 492 | 2.5625 | 3 |
KLINTSY, Russia (Reuters) - Russia is building an army base near its border with Ukraine, the latest in a chain of new military sites along what the Kremlin sees as its frontline in a growing confrontation with NATO.
While there have been no clashes between the former Cold War rivals, Russia is building up forces on its western frontiers at a time when the NATO alliance is staging major military exercises and increasing deployments on its eastern flank.
A Reuters reporter who visited the Russian town of Klintsy, about 50 km (30 miles) from Ukraine, saw a makeshift army camp, large numbers of newly-arrived servicemen and military vehicles.
Two soldiers in camouflage gear who were manning a checkpoint in a forest turned the reporter away, saying they were guarding a “special military site”.
Last year, Reuters also reported on construction of two other bases further to the south on Russia’s border with Ukraine.
The defense ministry has not acknowledged the deployment of troops to Klintsy, which usually serves as a stop for truck drivers traveling between Russia, Ukraine and Belarus.
However, a town council official said Klintsy had been chosen as the site of a newly-formed division, and that so far about 240 soldiers had arrived. “What’s to hide? That they’ve come? They’ve arrived,” said council deputy chairman Oleg Kletny. “They’re going to be garrisoned here.”
When completed, the base will be the latest component in a build-up of forces along a line running from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south.
On the western side of the line, NATO has been rotating troops and equipment in greater numbers to members states that were part of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact during the Cold War.
The Western alliance, which says it’s responding to Russian military intervention in Ukraine, was this week staging one of its biggest exercises in eastern Europe since the end of the Cold War.
To the east, Russia is building up its own forces, saying it needs to protect itself from NATO’s eastward advance.
Each side says it is only responding to steps taken by the other, but the build-up risks locking NATO and Russia into a spiral of measure and counter-measure from which it will be difficult to escape.
Russia and NATO member states share borders around the Baltic Sea, while further south the two blocs are separated by Ukraine and Belarus.
But since Ukraine’s pro-Moscow president was ousted in a popular uprising two years ago and replaced with a Western-leaning administration, the perception in Moscow is that Ukraine has become, de facto, a NATO satellite.
Russia has pulled out of the treaty on Conventional Forces in Europe, a post-Cold War pact that limits the deployment of troops in Europe, so it is free to move extra troops and hardware to its western border.
On Monday Klintsy, normally a sleepy town, was a hive of military activity. The Reuters reporter saw about a dozen tents and the same number of military vehicles in a temporary camp in a clearing in a forest where the troops will be billeted until their permanent base is ready.
Military trucks drove through the town, which lies in an area that is the closest point on Russian territory to the Ukrainian capital, Kiev, 280 km away.
About a dozen servicemen were at a gas station near the camp, buying food supplies. A road near the camp was blocked off by antitank obstacles and road spikes.
Last week, Russia’s Interfax news agency quoted an unnamed source familiar with the deployment to Klintsy as saying it “can be seen as a response to the growing activity of the North Atlantic Alliance near Russia’s borders”.
The defense ministry did not reply to questions from Reuters about the base and its purpose.
Council deputy chairman Kletny said the troops, from a motorized infantry division, started arriving on May 30. They came from a base in Yekaterinburg, in the Ural mountains region about 2,000 km to the east of Klintsy.
He said they were deployed following a decision earlier this year by Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu to create three new divisions. The soldiers will be eventually garrisoned in the grounds of a disused military base in Klintsy which they are renovating, said Kletny.
“It’s good that the military will come; our demographic situation will improve, we’ll get a bigger population. If servicemen come her with their families, that will be good too,” he told Reuters.
A notice lodged with Klintsy town council and seen by Reuters stated that approval is being sought for re-zoning and construction works on two plots of land with a total area of 142 hectares (351 acres), or about the size of 140 soccer pitches.
The plots of land would be used “for the interests of the Russian armed forces”, according to the notice.
Additional reporting by Yelena Fabrichnaya in MOSCOW; Writing by Christian Lowe; Editing by David Stamp
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. | <urn:uuid:c3d59d30-01df-4e56-b8ff-20c21a2d0a24> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-base-bryansk-idUSKCN0YT1PN | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.968851 | 1,092 | 1.648438 | 2 |
MILWAUKEE, Wis. – The Wisconsin Veterans Chamber of Commerce announced Wednesday that it will organize and lead a U.S. Census Complete Count Committee dedicated to engaging Wisconsin military service members, veterans, and their families in the 2020 Census. U.S. Census Bureau’s Complete Count Committees are coalitions made of up individuals, groups, and organizations dedicated to increasing awareness about the census and motivating residents to respond.
“The Census is foundational to the civic health of all our communities, including Wisconsin’s veteran community,” said Wisconsin Veterans Chamber of Commerce Executive Director Saul Newton. “We are proud to work with our community partners and stakeholders to ensure all veterans, service members, and their families are counted accurately in the 2020 census.”
Military veterans are designated by the United States Census Bureau as a Hard-To-Count (HTC) demographic. Other Hard-To-Count populations include millennials, minorities, people with disabilities, the homeless, as well as urban and rural communities. The stated purpose of Complete Count Committees is to assist the Census Bureau to achieve a timely, accurate, and cost-effective census count by serving as 2020 Census champions and trusted voices advocating for census participation.
“It is absolutely imperative that military veterans are accurately counted in the coming Census. This is an opportunity to showcase that the Wisconsin’s business community is dedicated to the support and empowerment of all military veterans and their families,” said Newton. “We look forward to engaging with partners in the public sector, private sector, and community stakeholders to ensure veterans and their families are fully counted by their government.” | <urn:uuid:4578ecca-cc83-4b77-8c32-4505e9bb3f06> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wispolitics.com/2019/wisconsin-veterans-chamber-of-commerce-commits-to-organize-u-s-census-complete-count-committee-focused-on-veteran-and-military-engagement-in-wisconsin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.954536 | 363 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Enjoying a well rested sleep is becoming further from the truth. In this day and age we are engrossed in blue light, yellow light, digital stimulants, organic stimulants and stress that seems to build up over time rather than dissipate into the background. It’s a wonder how anyone gets sleep in the 21st century! There are many sleep heroes parading on the market, many dressing their brand up in a clinical laboratory coat and a bazillion promises to aid your already whirring mind. Sleep Quiet is different. It doesn’t pretend to be anything it isn’t, it’s promise? To sleep quietly. So who are they and what real difference will they make amongst the competitor noise?
Are we desensitised to the issue of snoring? Is it actually a topic that we recognise as a constant issue? Obesity rates skyrocketing, consistent back issues and even asthma trump the topic of snoring any day when it comes to distinguishing health problems in Australia. How can we really blame them? We’ve been sucked into watching Disney characters like Pluto, Humphrey the Bear and Donald Duck snore for days. The comical element brushes the serious out of the issue. If it's not deemed serious by society what is the urgency about getting the help the snorer needs. Why is it important to admit there is an issue? | <urn:uuid:7d887ddc-a706-44e4-8d62-0cb39e322559> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sleepquiet.com.au/blogs/news/tagged/snoring?page=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.950314 | 285 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Physical Therapy for hip pain can be extremely beneficial. Research has indicated that Physical Therapy can sometimes be just as effective as surgery for hip-related medical conditions. This is why it is crucial to try physical therapy for several months before making the decision to have surgery, since surgery is expensive with possibly risky complications.
Hip pain may have several caused. You may feel hip pain for apparently no reason, or you may be experiencing hip pain from a worsening arthritis of the hip. Sometimes recreation or sports puts extra strain on the hip joint causes strain.
The hip is one of the major weight bearing joints and responsible for many of life’s functional activities such as walking, running, climbing stairs, and moving from the sitting to standing position. Physical therapy for the hip may be essential for your recovery.
Where Pain Might Be Felt:
The hip is close to the lower back and sometimes it may be difficult to tell if the pain is coming from the hip or back. The location of your symptoms will help to solve this confusion.
Pain in the groin or front of the hip: This type of pain is most likely due to arthritis in the hip joint or a muscular strain around the hip.
Pain in the side of the hip: Pain in the side of the hip may indicate hip bursitis, or a problem with the muscles around the hip. Bursitis is a common problem and in many cases, can be treated using physical therapy.
Pain in the buttocks or back of the hip: Pain here may actually indicate there is a problem in the lower back and not the hip. One way to test for this is to stand up with your feet slight apart and bend toward the ground. Let your low back bend and repeat this 5-6 times. If your pain changes significantly as you bend up and down, it is most likely a lower back issue and not a hip issue.
Help With Physical Therapy:
Physical therapy serves to increase the hip’s range of motion, strength, and flexibility. By making your hips strong and mobile, we can quickly eliminate hip pain and create a rapid return to your normal daily activity.
Cross Bay Physical Therapy is located in Howard Beach, Queens and here to serve you. Call (718) 835-0084 today and set up an appointment! Let us help to relieve this annoying pain from your day. Cross Bay PT serves the surrounding areas of Lindenwood, Richmond Hill, Ozone Park, and others too.
By Benjamin Bieber | <urn:uuid:a6ff7b3f-63ba-4ef2-9cff-4739be2d08bb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.crossbayphysicaltherapy.com/blog/physical-therapy-for-the-hip-in-howard-beach-queens-13271.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.949418 | 507 | 2.0625 | 2 |
How Does Eczema Affect Darker Skin Tones
20% of African-American children in the United States have eczema, meaning it is more likely to affect Black children than those of other racial backgrounds. Black people are also more likely to develop more severe forms of eczema. On Black skin, eczema can appear dark brown, purple, or gray instead of red. People with Black skin are also more likely to experience dark, dry, and itchy circles around their eyes. They often develop small bumps on the torso, arms, and legs that resemble permanent goosebumps.
Diagnosing Food Allergy And Eczema Flare
- Your child’s doctor may suggest the steps listed below:
- Remove the suspected food or foods from your child’s diet for 2 weeks. The eczema should greatly improve.
- Then give your child that food when the eczema is under good control. This is called a “challenge.”
- If the food is causing flare-ups, the eczema should become itchy and red. The flare-up should occur quickly within 2 hours of eating the food.
- If this occurs, avoid giving this food to your child. Talk to your child’s doctor about the need for any food substitutes.
- If the eczema does not flare-up, your child isn’t allergic to that food.
When To Schedule A Medical Appointment
If this isnt your toddlers first go-round with eczema, you may not need to call your doctor. But if the eczema is new or looks different than before, its OK to call and get another set of eyes on your childs rash. There may be other medications or treatments your childs doctor can prescribe to help them feel better, too.
- You think your childs eczema rash is infected, which may look crusty or scabbed, or if its weeping or oozing.
- The rash is cracked or bleeding.
- Your child is having trouble sleeping because of eczema discomfort.
- Your child has never had symptoms of eczema before.
- Your child has a fever or seems to not be feeling well.
- None of your usual remedies for your childs eczema are working.
Also Check: Essential Oil Blend For Eczema
Is A Cure Or Better Treatment For Eczema On The Horizon
Without a cure on the near horizon, we here at Johns Hopkins are creating an Eczema Day Treatment Unit to help our patients with moderate to severe eczema keep their symptoms under control and prevent flare-ups. We anticipate that this novel, multidisciplinary program will include experts from Child Life, behavioral psychology, allergy, dermatology and infectious diseases to provide the comprehensive care these children need care that cannot be provided in an average clinic visit.
A primary goal of the day treatment unit will be education children and their families will learn techniques such as wet-wrap therapy, to help deeply moisturize the skin. This therapy involves coating the skin with a topical ointment, followed by a greasy ointment like petroleum jelly, then dressing in wet pajamas, followed by dry pajamas, allowing the skin to soak in the moisture.
Allergies And Eczema In Infants
Eczema is usually the first sign of a malfunction in the immune system. Instead of ignoring harmless substances like pollen, food, and dust, the immune system releases histamines that cause itchiness when a baby comes into contact with them. This is an allergic reaction.
That is why antihistamine medications like Zyrtec can control eczema for some people.
Most often things like pet dander, pollens, or mold cause this histamine response in babies.
Food allergies can also cause eczema.
Dr. Peter Lio, Assistant Professor of Dermatology and Pediatrics at Northwestern University and Founding Director of Chicago Integrative Eczema Center, spoke to the National Eczema Foundation and said that there is a group of people who have food reactions that look like an eczema flare-up rather than specific hives, and can take days to manifest.
The only way to determine if a food allergy is the cause of eczema is to remove the food and see if the symptoms persist. It can take two weeks to see a change. In babies, cows milk is the biggest culprit. In older children, it can be soy or wheat.
If you believe a food allergy may be the cause of your babys eczema, discuss with your pediatrician how to safely alter their diet.
Don’t Miss: How Do Dermatologists Treat Eczema
How Can You Prevent Baby Eczema
If your baby has contact dermatitis, you can try your best to prevent a flare-up by identifying and avoiding common triggers, which might include:
- Moisture . Dress your baby in lightweight cotton clothing. Gently pat drool away when you see it.
- Scratchy fabrics. In addition to clothes and rugs, even your babys stuffed animals can trigger eczema.
- Allergens. Think pet dander, pollen or dust.
- Harsh detergents and soaps. Consider using a sensitive detergent when washing babys clothes and crib sheets.
What Causes Eczema In Children
Researchers dont know exactly what causes baby eczema, but they believe its most likely due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Eczema is not contagious.
Infants are more likely to develop eczema if family members have a history of eczema, hay fever, or asthma.
While these conditions dont cause one another, infants are more likely to develop hay fever or asthma if they already have baby eczema.
Scientists believe eczema results from an immune-system dysfunction that affects the skin barrier and its ability to hold in moisture.
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What Does Baby Eczema Look Like
Eczema doesn’t look the same on every baby. In babies with light skin, it usually shows up as patches of red skin. In darker-skinned babies, the rash might look purplish, brownish, or grayish. Eczema can be harder to see on babies with dark skin.
These patches are almost always dry, itchy, and rough.
Babies can get the condition just about anywhere on their body. Most often, it affects their cheeks and the joints of their arms and legs.
Itâs easy to confuse baby eczema with cradle cap. But there are some key differences.
Cradle cap is much less itchy and irritated. It generally clears up by age 8 months and usually appears on the scalp, sides of the nose, eyelids and eyebrows, and behind the ears. See a photo of what cradle cap looks like.
Where On The Body Can Eczema Appear
Eczema can appear in any area where your child has come into contact with one of their triggers.
For example, if they have a grass allergy and rolled around in the backyard, they might have rashes anywhere there was exposed skin.
A child could get eczema around the outside of their mouth after eating acidic foods, like pineapple, or in the folds of their skin if they were sweating.
If your child had eczema as a baby, you might think youre a pro at identifying it. However, the symptoms of eczema in toddlers are actually different from the symptoms in babies. As kids get older, the location of their rashes can change.
Babies are prone to rashes on their faces and heads remember cradle cap? Thats a kind of eczema! Toddlers and older kids are more likely to get eczema in the following areas:
- creases of their elbows
Also Check: Can Eczema Make Your Hair Fall Out
What Causes Baby Eczema
A combination of genetic and environmental factors causes baby eczema. These factors include:
- Skin irritants and allergens: Several things in your babys environment can bother your childs skin. If your child has an allergy, symptoms of eczema can flare up on their skin. Common environmental irritants and allergens include fabrics, soaps and certain foods.
- Immune system reaction: Your babys immune system defends against foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses that can make your child sick. If your baby has eczema, their immune system can overreact and confuse healthy skin cells and small irritants in your babys environment as a foreign invader. As a result, your babys immune system will attack your babys skin cells which can cause symptoms of eczema.
- Genetics: During conception, the egg and sperm cells meet to give your child the building blocks of their body, which are their genes. Sometimes, changes to your babys DNA happen , which can affect how your babys body functions and develops. An eczema diagnosis could cause a lack of proteins in your babys body that are responsible for maintaining their skins protective barrier. If your childs protective barrier in their skin isnt working as expected, they could experience symptoms of eczema.
The Atopic March Food Allergies And Eczema
Eczema and food allergies are very closely related. They are both considered allergic conditions, and they are both part of a progression known as the atopic march.
What is the atopic march? According to the atopic march, children with one allergic condition are at increased risk for others, and allergic conditions often appear in a certain order. In other words, one condition usually marches in front of the other, in a fairly predictable lineup.
Eczema comes before food allergies in the atopic march. This means babies usually develop eczema before food allergies, and babies with eczema are at the highest risk for food allergies.
But even though food allergies and eczema are closely related, and even though some symptoms may look similar, eczema rash is not the same as a food allergy reaction.
Food allergy rashes appear as raised bumps, which look different from the red, scaly rash of eczema. Learn more about how to tell the difference between a food allergy reaction and an eczema flare-up.
Don’t Miss: Baby Eczema Or Dry Skin
Food Allergy And Eczema Flare
- Food allergies are a factor in 30% of young children with severe eczema. This factor is mainly seen in babies.
- The main allergic foods are cow’s milk and eggs.
- The main symptoms are increased skin redness and itching. Some parents report these symptoms start during or soon after the feeding.
- The eczema becomes easier to control if you avoid the allergic food.
When Should My Baby Go To The Doctor For Eczema Treatment
If your baby has symptoms of eczema and at-home treatments have not helped, make an appointment with your pediatrician.
If your baby’s eczema is crusty, oozing fluid, or if your baby is showing any other signs of infection , call your pediatrician right away. Eczema rashes can become infected and may require antibiotic treatment.
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Treating Eczema In Teens And Adults
As with young children, keeping the skin well moisturized is key to controlling eczema in teens and adults. Apply emollients often throughout the day. Ointments are very effective at sealing in moisture, but because theyre heavier and leave your skin a bit greasy, you may want to save the application of these for nighttime.
Treatments for teens and adults with eczema include many of the same options used for children, namely topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, and dupilumab. Antihistamines are sometimes used for their sedating properties if itch is impairing sleep, but they are not generally helpful in controlling the itch that comes with eczema.
Remember, too, that good personal care is important to allowing eczema to heal and preventing flareups. For instance, make sure your shower or bath water isnt too hot. Very hot water can strip the skin of its natural oils. Aim for lukewarm water temperatures for your shower.
And dont overlook things that may be contributing to skin irritation like perfumes and body sprays, makeup, laundry detergent, or fabric softeners.
Also Check: How To Add Newborn To Bcbs Insurance
Treating Eczema In Children
As your child ages, keeping the skin well-moisturized and avoiding irritants is still an important step in managing eczema. Apply creams or ointments several times per day . Again, always moisturize immediately after bathing or showering.
Treatment options for children include:
- Topical steroids
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors, such as Elidel and Protopic
- Dupixent , a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-4 receptor alpha given by subcutaneous injection in children with refractory moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis who are at least 6 years of age
- Antihistamines are sometimes used for their sedating properties if itch is impairing sleep
- Antibiotics in cases of infection
Other tips for controlling childhood eczema include:
- Keep baths and showers fairly short: Some kids love to spend time in a bath, but soaking for too long can strip the skin of moisture. Also, dont add bubble bath products, as they can be irritating. Colloidal oatmeal baths are OK and can help relieve itching.
- Keep your childs nails trimmed short: Scratching makes eczema flares worse and causes damage to the skin.
- Watch for signs of infection: While it can happen to anyone with eczema, children are especially prone to developing infections. If you see notice increased redness, swelling, draining of fluid, or warmth coming from the rash, or if your child complains of increased pain, call a healthcare provider .
October 19, 2018 By Crystal Vera
Don’t Miss: Eczema Around Nose And Mouth
How Long Does Erythema Toxicum Last On A Newborn Baby
Erythema toxicum also called erythema toxicum neonatorum doesnt cause any symptoms and goes away on its own. So, no treatment is needed. You can care for your newborns skin normally: Sponge bathe your baby with a gentle washcloth until the umbilical cord falls off, which usually takes about 14 weeks.
When Should I Talk To My Babys Doctor
First and foremost, baby eczema needs to be properly diagnosed by your childâs physician, as there are other skin rashes and conditions that can easily be mistaken for it. As your child lives with eczema you will become familiar with its cycles and outbreaks, so that if there is a change to triggers, location, or severity youâll know itâs time to consult the doctor. Once your baby is diagnosed with atopic dermatitis, here is a list of good reasons to contact your babyâs physician:
- The rash starts to look discolored, crusted over, weepy , or blisters develop
- Your baby has a fever with the rash
- The flare-up doesnât go away after a week
- You want to try any new treatments
- Your baby develops secondary conditions like asthma or hay fever
Baby eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is an uncomfortable condition for your child, but it is not uncommon nor unmanageable. By learning about this skin condition and staying tuned into your childâs environment and flare-ups youâre taking important steps to help relieve their discomfort and keep their beautiful new skin healthy.Always consult with your childâs physician or our 24/7 pediatric team if you have concerns about this or anything else.
Read Also: Best Cream For Weeping Eczema
How Is Atopic Dermatitis Diagnosed In A Child
The healthcare provider will ask about your childs symptoms and health history. He or she may also ask if you or other family members have atopic dermatitis, asthma, or nasal allergies such as hay fever or allergic rhinitis. He or she will also ask about allergy symptoms in your child. The healthcare provider will examine your child, looking for signs of atopic dermatitis. There is no specific test for atopic dermatitis. Testing is usually not needed, but it may be done. Tests may include:
Blood tests. Your childs blood may be checked for levels of immunoglobulin E . IgE is released by the body’s immune system. Its high in most children with allergies and with atopic dermatitis. Other blood tests may also be done.
Skin tests. Skin tests may be done to check for allergies or other skin conditions.
What Symptoms Are Associated With Newborn Eczema
Newborn Eczema is a chronically relapsing skin disease which is two times more prevalent in girls as compared to the boys. The main symptoms of eczema include severe skin itching resulting in inflamed swelling, blisters, redness, cracking, weeping, crusting and scaling. The affected area is often sensitive, warm and tender because of scratching. The baby can appear distressed due to constant itching, and scratching can make the skin scar and thick. You should seek the advice of your doctor in the event your baby develops any of these symptoms. Though there is no sure shot way of knowing when your baby will outgrow eczema, yet you it should be noted that it lessens with age. Most children outgrow eczema by the time they turn 5, while some carry it to adult age.
Don’t Miss: Aceite De Coco Para Eczema
How To Help Prevent Your Babys Eczema From Recurring
Always follow your healthcare providerâs advice on treating your baby’s eczema. Your provider may suggest taking the following steps to help prevent eczema from recurring or getting worse:
Bathe your baby no more than three times per week.
Keep bathtime to no more than 15 minutes.
Use only mild, unscented soaps.
After bathtime, moisturize your babyâs skin with a fragrance-free cream or an ointment such as petroleum jelly or one prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Moisturize your babyâs skin at least twice a day . Diaper changes can be a good time to do this.
Launder your babyâs clothes in mild, unscented detergent.
Dress him in soft clothing. Avoid wool or any rough woven fabrics.
To help protect your little oneâs skin, keep his nails clipped short so that he canât scratch himself. You could also slip cotton mittens on his hands before bedtime to help prevent him from scratching.
If your baby has eczema, it can look scary, but with care from your provider supplemented by effective at-home treatment, your little oneâs skin should improve in time. In the meantime, keep showering your little one with lots of love and kisses.
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Does Baby Eczema Go Away On Its Own
Baby eczema needs treatment to go away completely. The best treatment is using moisturizer daily or several times each day to keep your babys skin hydrated.
Most cases of baby eczema clear up by the time they start school, around age 4 or 5. Sometimes eczema can go away or reduce in severity as your child reaches adolescence or by the time they turn into adults. As your child grows, they may have sensitive skin or flare-ups of eczema symptoms throughout their life. | <urn:uuid:e09ba2d8-5443-49bc-85b2-0f59327267ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eczemainfoclub.com/what-causes-eczema-in-newborn-babies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.93371 | 4,170 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Children with disabilities are one of the most marginalized and excluded groups of children, experiencing widespread violations of their rights. This marginalization doesn’t come about because of their disability, but often because of a lack of understanding and knowledge, a fear of difference and negative cultural views from those around them. Poverty and remoteness can also compound the problems.
If we invest in the futures of those with disabilities, their well-being improves and so do the prospects of their families. Importantly, society also benefits when people are able to use their human capital to full potential.
While recently visiting Cambodia, I got a taste of the challenges people with disabilities face. To better understand some factors that influence people’s attitudes and behaviors towards disability in Cambodia, I met with Hach, a 25-year-old blind man who is currently studying at a local university, and Navy who is an 11th-grader with a low vision. Both are from Kampong Cham, a two-hour drive from Phnom Penh.
Hach’s story: “People do not understand our abilities”
When Hach first arrived at the Krousar Thmey, a school for the blind and deaf in Kampong Cham, he was only 11 years old. Fourteen years later he is now working to finish his degree in English literature in order to become an English translator. However, he is worried about getting work – people with disabilities are much less likely to get jobs in Cambodia.
Hach told me that many people do not believe that people with disabilities have potential. “I often find job announcements very generic and written without thinking about disabled people,” he said. “It’s like we are not wanted in most workplaces. Companies do not believe in our capacity and abilities. Many make assumptions that we do not or cannot have self-management skills and need assistance all the time.”
He then went on to tell me how assumptions are hindering opportunities. “People expect our performances to be poor because they think we have very limited capacity compared to those without disabilities. People don’t understand our abilities.”
According to Hach, a bigger problem is that society views people with disabilities as “worthless” just because many of them cannot go to the market or school by themselves, or support their families economically.
When he was a little boy, he often felt that his neighbors treated him badly, but he never understood why. However, their attitudes changed after they saw him mastering different skills at school and living independently, just like them.
Despite facing numerous challenges and discrimination, he doesn’t blame people. Disability is still an emerging issue in Cambodia and more time is needed to improve the situation he says.
He told me he believed that the negative mindset towards disability in Cambodia will change one day, “but only if people stop presuming what we can’t do and give us an equal opportunity to show what we can do.”
Navy’s story: “Disabled people can help each other too”
Navy, 24, is visually impaired and has been studying at the Krousar Themy for 10 years. She recalled that she was very excited to join the school because she could not enroll in her village school, which was unable to provide braille and other assistive devices for her.
Navy starts her day early. In the morning, she spends four hours learning different life skills. She then spends her afternoon with her non-disabled classmates at a state-run village school.
Her class currently has five disabled students, including herself. As soon as I learned that her age and grade did not match, I became curious about what it would be like to study with younger classmates, especially as a person with a disability.
“By the time I enrolled in grade 3 at my [state] school, I was already 16 years old. I did not like it,” she told me. “I felt embarrassed because of the huge age gap [8 years]. I often felt left out because of my age and disability. I had very few friends and some of the kids weren’t nice to be. But I thought it was still better to go to school.”
I asked her if she ever felt that her disability was a barrier to happiness, making new friends, studying and living a normal life. Her answer was short and clear: “Disability should not matter.”
However, she told me that a majority of people still see disability only as a challenge and have low expectations of them.
Navy also saw that people with disabilities have limited opportunities and resources to learn, interact with others and explore their potential. She said that she thinks there should be more opportunities and resources to support people with disabilities. Without such support, their learning and work performance will be underdeveloped.
In her village school, she told me that she didn’t get special attention from teachers and, sitting at the back of the class, needed class mates to help her read what was written on the board. This made it difficult for her to interact and learn like the other students.
Although Navy believed that people with disabilities may need some level of support, it is not right to generalize that disabled people are dependent. “We may need some help,” she told me, “but disabled people can help each other, too.”
“For example, with my low vision, it is not always easy to go to school, so my friend with a similar disability and I hold each other and walk together to school. We are just fine.”
The stories of Hach and Navy have taught me some valuable lessons. First, indifferent and discriminatory treatment of people with disabilities conveys a belief that they are incapable of being productive members of society. These negative attitudes mean that disabled people often hold low-skilled jobs.
Second, to help people better understand both the disability and abilities of disabled people, additional learning opportunities should be available. Also, people with disabilities have the right to be treated as equals – people need to focus on the abilities and skills of disabled people rather than what they cannot do.
Hach and Navy’s determination to achieve in the face of the many barriers in front of them should act as a testament to how, given the right support and opportunities, people with disabilities can become big contributors to society.
Hyunjeong Lee is Education Consultant at UNICEF East Asia and Pacific Regional Office.
These interviews were made possible with the dedicated support of Thinavuth Ek, Community Development Officer from UNICEF in Cambodia, and the generous support of Hach Cham and Navy Hoeum, whom we met at the Krousar Thmey. | <urn:uuid:3c34414c-f47d-4f45-8d56-7ad9a37f0a43> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.unicef.org/east-asia-pacific/disability-shouldnt-matter-breaking-through-barriers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.983743 | 1,410 | 3.140625 | 3 |
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The description of Google Docs App
Create, edit, and collaborate with others on documents from your Android phone or tablet with the Google Docs app. With Docs you can:- Create new documents or edit existing files- Share documents and collaborate in the same document at the same time.- Work anywhere, anytime – even offline- Add and respond to comments.- Never worry about losing your work – everything is saved automatically as you type.- Search the web and your files in Drive, right from Docs- Open, edit, and save Word documents and PDFs.Google Docs is part of Google Workspace: where teams of any size can chat, create, and collaborate.Google Workspace subscribers have access to additional Google Docs features, including:- Working in a single document with teammates or people outside your company. See edits as others type, communicate through built-in chat, and leave feedback through comments and suggestions- Importing your documents to make them instantly editable, including Microsoft® Word and PDF files. Export your work in .docx, .pdf, .odt, .rtf, .txt or .html format- Unlimited version history. Track changes made to your documents and undo anything you choose.- Working across devices, with or without InternetLearn more about Google Workspace: https://workspace.google.com/products/docs/Follow us for more:Twitter: https://twitter.com/googleworkspaceLinkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/googleworkspaceFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/googleworkspace/Permissions NoticeContacts: This is used to give suggestions of people to add to files and share with.Storage: This is used to save and open files on USB or SD storage. | <urn:uuid:1b9cae52-9146-4905-b034-8395497c15c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://apkspeed.com/productivity-app/download-google-docs-1-22-122-01-90-apk-for-android/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.813563 | 455 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Most of us learned about chlorophyl’s transformative powers back in elementary school, when we were taught how it helped plants turn sunlight into energy.
But did you know about the health benefits of chlorophyll when it comes to your body?
It’s considered a natural deodorant that helps with bad breath, it supports digestive health, shows promise as a cancer fighter, and more. Scientists continue to study the benefits of chlorophyll, learning more about its potential when it comes to your health.
Seriously, there’s a reason it’s considered an ultimate superfood.
What is Chlorophyll?
The name chlorophyll is derived from two Greek words meaning “green leaf,” and was first isolated in 1817. It’s what gives plants their green color, and is involved in the process of photosynthesis, which helps plants absorb sunlight and convert it to energy
When it comes to humans, however, chlorophyll is a powerhouse: It’s packed with vitamins A, C, K, and E and minerals like magnesium, potassium, iron, and calcium. Not only that, it’s a great source of essential fatty acids.
6 Health Benefits of Chlorophyll
1. It’s a Natural Deodorant
Worried about bad breath? Chlorophyll is commonly prescribed to patients suffering from halitosis, as it can relieve foul odors emanating from the back of the throat and mouth.
It’s also effective against Candida albicans (commonly known as “yeast”), which is primarily responsible for oral thrush and bad breath.
There’s also evidence that one of chlorophyll’s health benefits is that it supports digestion and reduces the odor of flatulence.
A 1980 study performed on 62 geriatric patients found that chlorophyll supplementation helped in reducing body and fecal odor, relieving constipation and flatulence (1).
2. It Shows Cancer-Fighting Potential
Many studies have shown chlorophyll to be a powerful natural cancer fighter, particularly effective against colon cancer.
Studies suggest it protects the body from toxins, ranging from those we breathe in to harmful chemicals in cooked meats and aflatoxins (toxins found in foods like nuts and grains).
Studies also hint that it protects the DNA from mutagenic chemicals, which change genetic material. It prevents the absorption of aflatoxins in the intestines, which are a known carcinogenic.
Studies have shown that another of chlorophyll’s health benefits is that it may induce death in cancer cells (2).
3. It Is an Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant
Chlorophyll has potent anti-inflammatory properties and has been used against a host of inflammatory conditions like arthritis, sinusitis, pancreatitis, and respiratory conditions.
It also is an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals to reduce oxidative stress on the body.
Chlorophyll is also considered one of nature’s most potent chelating agents, which means it binds to heavy metals in the body, helping to render them useless so they can be eliminated (3).
Another health benefit of chlorophyll is in its Vitamin K, which stimulates the adrenal system and helps in detoxification. It stimulates anti-aging hormones, thus helps the body to rejuvenate and rebuild itself.
4. It Has Antimicrobial Powers
Chlorophyll shows anti-microbial powers, helping to kill or stop the growth of bacteria and fungus.
A 2007 study demonstrated that chlorophyll extracts were able to stop Candida albicans infections. It is also able to stimulate wound healing by hindering the bacterial growth in the wounds (4).
5. It’s a Blood and Immunity Booster
One of chlorophyll’s benefits is in its ability to recharge and boost bone marrow function.
By stimulating the bone marrow, it causes an increase in the production of the blood cells. An increased number of red blood cells improves blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity, thus detoxifying and rejuvenating all the systems automatically (5).
An increased number of white blood cells mean a supercharged immunity.
6. It Curbs Food Cravings and Promotes Weight Loss
According to the results of 2013 study, chlorophyll can help you feel fuller longer.
Researchers studied the effect of chlorophyll on curbing food cravings in overweight women.
The study found that eating a chlorophyll-rich meal helped stabilize blood sugar and dropped the secretion of cholecystokinin, a peptide hormone responsible for stimulating the digestion of fat and protein. It reduced the hunger motivation by increasing the levels of satiety.
This could help potentially stimulate weight loss in the long run (6).
Best Food Sources of Chlorophyll
The best sources of chlorophyll are alfalfa, Damiana, wheat grass, and aloe vera, many of which are easily blended into smoothies.
Green leafy vegetables and herbs that also contain chlorophyll and are smoothie-friendly are spinach, kale, coriander, parsley, celery, basil, and mint.
In the vegetable department, broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, and green tomato are rich in chlorophyll.
How to Get More Chlorophyll Benefits
A great way to boost your chlorophyll intake is to drink it up! Check out my FREE guide, How to Make the Perfect Green Smoothie, to get more of of the health benefits of chlorophyll into your diet! Download for FREE now. | <urn:uuid:791a7046-2c27-419d-9094-4b8a0f9d02a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yurielkaim.com/health-benefits-of-chlorophyll/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.92303 | 1,174 | 3.109375 | 3 |
I have been reluctant to discuss crowdfunding, since there are so many conversations going on already. As a new mechanism for academic technology transfer, it has been the subject of conference sessions, webinars, blog posts, and articles from the New York Times to the Wall Street Journal to Forbes.
The apparent bias toward New York City publications above was purely unintentional. Although we are technically in the same state, my upstate location is very different from our downstate neighbors.
My thoughts are not specifically about crowdfunding, but whether the prevalence of the conversation is an accurate reflection of its impact on academic technology transfer.
The art of technology transfer is the ability to recognize not only the potential of early stage technology, but also the best mechanism for translation to public goods and services. That mechanism is dependent on the culture of the institution, as well as the nature of the technology itself.
There are institutions where the culture and technologies that are developed do not lend themselves to traditional licensing. There are also institutions where the culture and technologies that are developed do not lend themselves to successful start-up operations.
There is a danger in overlooking an opportunity, and crowdfunding is an exciting opportunity for some technologies that would not otherwise be licensed or able to find venture capital. As many failed start-up operations will attest, there is also danger in allowing the popularity of an idea to block out a more appropriate business plan.
Much like the drug advertisements that encourage patients to speak with their doctor, the conversation around crowdfunding should be seen as a reminder that the mechanism exists. The technology transfer office needs to be aware of all options, especially emerging opportunities, and prescribe the right one. | <urn:uuid:7dc19484-938a-454d-918e-a4f645644ab0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.researchadministrationdigest.com/should-a-technology-transfer-office-go-along-with-the-crowd/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.962192 | 333 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Speaking in an interview with Saigon Investment, Dr. NGUYEN TRI HIEU, a banking expert, expressed his views on this issue.
Dr. NGUYEN TRI HIEU: - Since the beginning of the year, experts have warned that the risk of inflation is very high for many economies around the world. The increase in world commodity prices from the beginning of 2021 to now, along with loosening fiscal and monetary policies of many countries, is raising global inflation. The increase in the price of world goods, especially the price of input materials such as iron and steel, and kerosene, is primarily due to a disrupted supply chain. Next, in context of the pandemic, facilities that exploit raw materials such as crude oil, coal, and metals, such as iron and steel, are also affected in terms of human resources, causing prices to rise. At the same time, there is the serious problem of intercontinental transportation of goods by sea and air, which is still facing many difficulties.
Regarding fiscal and monetary policies in countries, the Governments of many countries still keep low-interest rates and have huge economic support packages. More recently, the US had an additional economic relief package of USD 1,900 bn, equivalent to nearly 10% of the total GDP. A large amount of government money in circulation combined with the optimistic expectation of a global economic recovery this year has increased the expectation of improving global demand for goods. Seeing this, manufacturers and distributors have been ahead of the market by increasing the price of goods.
This leads to a lot of negative forecasts about this year's inflation. In fact, the rate of inflation in the US has increased sharply. Thus, Vietnam's concern about the risk of inflation is well-founded. In my opinion, keeping the inflation rate below 4% this year as the target will be very difficult.
JOURNALIST: - Sir, according to the General Statistics Office, the average Consumer Price Index (CPI) in the first four months of 2021 increased the lowest since 2016, and the core inflation in the first four months of 2021 is the lowest level in the last five years. What is your comment on this?
- In the first months of the year, the domestic situation was not affected much, but in the second quarter, the price of gasoline, raw materials, and food increased, which will increasingly push up prices and inflation. I think that from the second quarter, inflation will increase, especially in the second half of the year it will increase much more sharply. As currently the price of domestic goods has increased, and with Vietnam importing raw materials from around the world, prices will go up even higher, so inflation will be pushed up this year. Of course, the evolution of inflation in world economies as well as in Vietnam will depend on whether the pandemic is controlled or not in coming months.
According to my forecast, in case the pandemic is well controlled from now until the end of the year, Vietnam's economy will still develop and inflation may be higher than the target set by 1%. In the event that the pandemic cannot be controlled, all production and business activities will be affected, as the supply chain is broken, and gasoline prices and electricity prices will increase, and inflation can reach 6%. In such context, the solution to reduce inflationary pressure this year is that the Government control the price of some commodities in the market through a price stabilization fund, and at the same time apply fiscal discipline to prevent inflation in order to limit the increase in gasoline or electricity prices. That can prevent the price spike that causes inflation.
- Sir, there is an opinion that in Vietnam, price-related inflation is more worrisome than monetary-related inflation. What is your opinion on this?
- In my opinion, it is necessary to pay attention to both price and currency inflation factors. In a pandemic situation, the supply chain is broken and there is import inflation due to purchase of goods from abroad, which is a price increase. However, monetary policy also plays an important part in pushing up inflation. In Vietnam, lower interest rates are also favorable for banks to push money out. At the same time, the Government also has policies to support businesses through support packages to boost the economy.
It must be said that the monetary policy of Vietnam to reduce interest rates and push a large amount of money into circulation is necessary because the economy is being strongly affected by the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. A dose of monetary policy to stimulate growth in the economy is needed. However, when a large amount of money goes into circulation, it creates the risk of inflation. It must be remembered that if you stimulate the economy with money, you must also accept rising inflation.
Also, monetary policy has two goals of supporting economic development and protecting the value of the dong, which is to fight inflation. In the long run, these two factors support each other and go together. However, in the short term, these two factors are opposite and contrasting with each other. If you want to have economic stability, you must allow inflation to occur, and on the contrary, if you want to control inflation, you may have to sacrifice economic growth. In the current pandemic situation as was during the economic crisis in the past, it is very important to let the economy develop. Therefore, the goal of controlling inflation is very important, but maybe at this point, the issue of promoting the economy should take precedence.
However, there is one point to note. The cash flow is currently rotating faster, but it is going through the stock market, real estate, and commodity spending. Thus, in addition to increase in commodity prices, this rapid cash flow combined with the acceleration of cheap cash flow into real estate and securities may become synergistic factors causing inflation. We need to pay attention to occurrence of such inflation.
- Thank you very much. | <urn:uuid:309142bd-c53b-49d1-a948-4ffca96ca3f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.saigondautu.com.vn/investment-finance/inflation-inevitable-for-economic-growth-91533.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.966951 | 1,196 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Selection and refinement in developing production wide performance monitoringAuthor Jussi Parvianen
Reducing thousands of measurements into a handful of key parameters
Industrial digitalisation has left factories with copious amounts of measurement data. A single production line can have thousands of measurement tags, each capable of producing a nearly continuous stream of information. This data is utilised, above all, in operating the process, but can it also be combined with smaller entities to aid in determining the state of the whole process?
Typically, in graphical user interfaces of process automation systems, measurements are grouped in frames according to what part of the process they are positioned in. Usually, these measurements are placed on top of a crude drawing of the part of the process to illustrate where the measurements are physically positioned. Depending on the process, several frames might be needed to cover a whole production line.
On the one hand, this kind of representation is easy to interpret and serves the needs of process operators. On the other hand, critical information can be sparse and hard to find. Locating bottlenecks in the process can be difficult in this kind of system. Tracing the effects of a change in the quality of a raw material on the process can be even more cumbersome.
Obtaining critical parameters for performance evaluation
It is obvious that, in determining the state of a process, some information is more critical than the rest. For example, a drying process that utilises steam for heat can be seen as a bottleneck of the process when the steam valve is open wide enough so that the steam flow has plateaued, indicating that the dryer has reached its full capacity. Thus, this simple limit value of the steam valve at the start of the plateau can indicate the state of the drying process as a whole.
Critical process information can also be a combination of measurement data. In a wire filtering process, for example, the mass of a filtrate cake per area on the wire filter is a critical parameter. Assuming constant mass across the width of the filter, the mass of the filtrate cake per area can be calculated from the:
- Width of the wire
- Diameter of the drawing roll
- Rotational speed of the drawing roll
- Mass of solids in the feed per volume
- Flow rate of the feed
As can be seen in this example, several data points can be combined into a single and easy-to-understand figure, thus lowering the amount of figures to be monitored. This information-combining effect can also be achieved when efficiencies, specific energy consumptions and other key figures are calculated for different parts of the process, e.g. heat exchangers, grinders and dryers.
It is easy to see that finding the parameters that best describe the performance of the process requires insight into the process at hand. Therefore, discussions with factory staff are crucial in choosing the parameters for performance monitoring.
After the parameters for performance monitoring have been selected, they can be visualised in a performance monitoring display (See Figure 1 below). This way, the crucial parameters that indicate the efficiency of production are all in the same place and the state of the whole production line can be easily interpreted.
Figure 1. An example of a performance-monitoring display.
Matching contents with needs
As described above, measurements can be used as is, or in combination with other measurements to indicate the state of a process. In addition to these parameters, a performance monitoring display may consist of:
- Waiting times and delays
- Rate of production in different parts of the process converted into the same unit, e.g. metric tons of product per day
- Current production rate in relation to the theoretical maximum
- Energy of raw material consumption in relation to production rate
- Cost of non-optimal operation
- Other key indicators, e.g. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
These figures can be displayed either as their current values, or as a short trend. They can also be visualised as gauges or traffic lights to ease interpretation.
The content of a performance monitoring display should be designed according to the needs of both operators and engineers. Operators can use it to evaluate the best ways to drive the process and engineers can use it to find the root causes of malfunctions. A well-executed performance monitoring display may serve several purposes, depending on the needs it was built.
Use of a performance monitoring display
A performance monitoring display can help or even add communication between shifts. At the start of their shift, operators can easily see the overall status of the process. It also helps to see how previous shifts have played out. This is useful especially when carrying out long operations that can span over multiple shifts, e.g. the ramp-up after a stoppage. Bringing in versatile methods for monitoring process performance can also help paint a clearer picture for shift supervisors and other staff of what is actually taking place in the process.
From an engineer’s perspective, having all the key parameters in one place makes it easier to dive into the root causes of factors and events that hinder production. This in turn speeds up problem solving and reduces downtime. Having all the crucial figures in one place also facilitates reporting.
Refining existing resources
Many production facilities already have the prerequisites for the contents of a performance monitoring display. Measurement positions are abundant and the data they produce is digital and is stored on servers. The existing automation system can be used as a platform for execution but ideally, there is some other software for data analysis and visualisation, such as Wedge, that is more suitable for execution.
The execution of a performance-monitoring project is presented in Fig. 2 as a continuous cycle of improvement. The process starts with understanding the needs of the client, after which an initial draft of the display is made. The draft is then improved with the changes decided upon with the client until it is implemented. After implementation, employees that make use of the display are asked for feedback. The feedback is then compared with the needs of the client and the display is further improved accordingly.
Figure 2. Execution of a performance-monitoring project.
Building a performance-monitoring display on a production line is a simple and effective way to highlight the efficiency of production. It is a way of compressing online measurements into an information dense presentation. It also enables shedding light on the most important factors that have to be kept in check in order to ensure safe, reliable and profitable production.
Performance monitoring must be executed in close cooperation with the client to ensure that the needs are met. Choosing the parameters to be displayed also requires a deep understanding of the process, a fact that further underlines the role of the client.
Enhancing performance monitoring in production is a natural first step towards more efficient production.
Electrification of industry is the way to carbon neutralityKirjoittanut By Teemu Turunen
The electrification of industry is an important element in reducing greenhouse emissions, and the role of heat pumps is central in this development. It is particularly important to look at things from a broader perspective...Read more » Lue lisää » | <urn:uuid:ba952c8c-1907-42cc-89c8-e0d671d6c608> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.elomatic.com/en/selection-and-refinement-in-developing-production-wide-performance-monitoring/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.915892 | 1,474 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Most kids use their computers to play games, perhaps to do homework or watch Youtube. Oscar’s first computer had design programs, proper ones, so rather than play videogames he started to design.
“As you often did - or at least the people born in the early 90's - I inherited my first computer from my father. He is a yacht designer, and through his devices he unconsciously passed on his passion and trade to me at an early age.”
That passion took him to the University of Arts, Crafts and Design in Stockholm, or Konstfack as it is called in Swedish, and resulted in a degree in industrial design. The rest, as it so often goes, is history!
I am not sure if role model is the right term, but I am a big fan of a Sasha Selipanov, who is head of Koenigsegg – I really like his vision and boldness, yet it never takes away from the functionality of the cars. If we are talking more mainstream, I really like what Volvo is doing right now.
Actually, Shogun was sort of my dream project, but it would be interesting to do a project with 100% environmental focus – because it’d be an interesting challenge. People won’t compromise on comfort, design or performance for the sake of the environment. You must give them options that are as good, or better than the existing unsustainable alternative ones.
Design, yacht design in particular, is multi-dimensional: with many different aspects that need to be considered and that have to work together. Out of tradition they tend to be kept separate, and are developed in isolation from each other: one person does the hull, another the deck, a third the interior and at the end you consult a sailmaker. When I design, I take a holistic approach considering how all aspects will mesh together, and to visualize the functionality of the end product from the get go. Of course it is hard to know exactly how anything will work out exactly, that is why I like working in iterations, close to the actual product.
While I love doing boats, as an industrial designer I also love product design. A project that was close to my heart creating carbon fiber skis: The idea was to create a performance ski for freeriding and moguls from innovative materials to reduce weight and increase durability. They did perform really well, well enough to a bronze medal at the Mogul Junior World Championship 2011. Another great project was a concept study for Electrolux called "Electrolux in the modern office landscape." | <urn:uuid:0811cf93-b501-46c2-b0bc-45947e015ffd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oscarsodergren.com/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.972023 | 546 | 1.578125 | 2 |
It’s easy to think of Charity only in monetary terms, because that is how many of us think of what charity is, giving of our monetary wealth.
I was cleaning up a few broken links when I came across a posting I did about Christmas and what Christmas Giving means, which featured a broken link to the Shepherds of Good Hope (a local mission in Ottawa), so I fixed the link, but I also had a look at the web site and what they need help with.
The Shepherds’ do want monetary donations, no doubt, and they make it relatively easy to do that (using a clearing house for charitable organizations, which allows them to them take credit card donations). They also are looking for clothing, bed linens and that sort of thing, but they are also looking for volunteers to help them out.
This one is a hard one, it is very far out of my “comfort zone” to volunteer for this kind of community service, but given the amount of spare time I have, I am thinking that it might be a better use of my time than sitting and worrying about finding a new job. We shall see.
What is charity to you? | <urn:uuid:32e529df-f8b2-47b3-a96d-5aa00dcbea1b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canajunfinances.com/2008/09/21/sunday-thought-what-is-giving/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.976563 | 246 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Notes on the Geography of The West Bank: Hebron 2: the New City: Photo 6
Shortly after the 1967 war, Israeli fundamentalists nudged and pushed the government of Israel into allowing them to establish Kiryat Arba, now a town of some 6,500 people. It was for these people, plus the few settlers who lived in the Old City, that the Israelis refused to return control of the Old City to the Palestinian Authority.
Short link for this page: http://greatmirror.com?justpic=5491
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The Maheno had already been put out of service as an ocean liner and had been sold for scrapping purposes to a Japanese company. When the ship was towed from Sydney to Japan, the towing ship lost its haul during a winter-cyclone in July 1935. The Maheno then stranded along the Eastern Beach of Fraser Island. After that, no one wanted the ship anymore. So its remainders can still be witnessed today.
In the last couple of days we were able to do several day trips to see red canyons, yellow pinnacles, colourful sand dunes, endless beaches, an old shipwreck, champagne pools, freshwater lakes, rainforests, large kauri trees, banksia woodlands, eucalyptus forests, Dingo footprints, different bird species, remote inland tracks, creeks, spiders and much more. You are welcome to take a look at the photography section. Not having had internet nor telephone reception the whole time strangely did not bother us at all.
Time to say good-bye to Fraser Island. So we head back down the Eastern Beach, this time in a southern direction, take the barge to the mainland and – after having adjusted tyre pressure back to normal road requirements – drive further on to Hervey Bay (approx. 2h 45min from Rainbow Beach).
Humpback whales travel north to tropical waters to give birth to their young ones. Then they travel all the way back to Antarctica to their feeding grounds. During the return trip they do not eat, except for the young ones. They drink up to 600 litres of solid milk from their mom – every day! The reason for the long and dangerous journey is, that the baby whales would not be able to survive if born in the cold waters of Antarctica.
Just outside the town of Airlie Beach is the Whitsunday Airport. From there a scenic flight gives a nice overview over the 74 islets making up the Whitsundays. In 1770 Captain Cook sailed through the passage between the Northern Islands – which is now fittingly named Cook´s passage. It happened to be on the day of Pentecost (also called Whit Sunday). Hence the Whitsundays. The Great Barrier Reef does not need much introduction, I presume. It is rated to be the largest living being in the world, a World Heritage Site and of course breathtaking.
It is the third most photographed spot in Australia – after the Sydney Opera House and Ayers Rock (Uluru). We “ocean-rafted” across to Whitehaven Beach on Whitsunday Island to experience the magic first hand. The sand is made up of silica, which gives it its white colour. It also prevents the sand from getting hot! How cool is that? You can´t burn your feet walking on the sand! That however also means, that it is not suitable for turtles to lay their eggs here, because the silica sand does not provide high enough temperatures to enable young turtles to hatch.
Rollingstone is a tiny community north of Townsville – the type were general store, petrol station, post office and bank are all in one small building and that´s it. But they have a magnificent beach to walk on. A perfect place – as crazy as this might sound – to take a break for a couple of days from all the fantastic experiences we recently had. To allow them to sink in a little. Also a good place to dedicate time to intentional thinking, reflecting and planning.
Cairns – it´s probably best known as one of the gateways to the Great Barrier Reef. It´s lush tropical climate is inviting, it´s setting between ancient rainforests beautiful. If you like shopping for fresh fruit and veggies you also have a reason to like Cairns. There are many beautiful food markets – we checked out Rusty´s close to the Wharf, which was a wonderful change from shopping at supermarkets (and far more reasonable, too).
Somehow everything was aligned perfectly. The clarity of ocean water is influenced by a myriad of factors: currents, tides, moon phase, temperature, wind and weather are just some of them. On the day we had chosen to go out to the reef they simply all came together to create crystal clear water conditions. The snorkeling was out of this world, the coral and its colours simply incredible. And we haven´t even talked about the fish yet.
After setting over the Daintree river with the only available ferry we happily arrived at our rainforest camp in the Daintree National Park, which is still on the East Coast (North of Cairns). Daintree NP has the oldest rainforests in the world and has been declared a world heritage site. It is also the place, where we were reminded, why the word “rain” features in rainforest. Despite it supposedly being the dry season, we almost got washed away. During the nights it poured down solidly for hours and hours. Thankfully the mud puddles building up around us didn´t make it into the tent.
Cape Tribulation in the Daintree NP received its current name from Cpt James Cook. In the year 1770 he sailed up the East Coast of Australia to take possession of the land for the British Crown, otherwise the Dutch might have kept it. It is here where he hit a reef and almost sank his ship, the Endeavour. Hence the name Cape Tribulation. With a bit of good luck – the coral he had hit broke off and functioned as a plug – and hard work they were able to save the ship and complete their mission.
So far we have travelled some 5.000 km coming up the East Coast from Sydney to Daintree National Park – that includes side trips here and there. For the next couple of weeks we will leave the East Coast behind us to venture into some more arid and dusty areas of the country. The Outback is calling! First we will be heading west towards Darwin, then South through the middle of the continent towards Port Augusta. And then it will be back to Sydney. Roughly 8.000 km ahead of us, so let´s get going!
Never heard of Undara? No worries. But they have something there that´s worthwhile stopping for! Lavatubes. Geologists say the most beautiful and intact lavatubes in the world. During previous volcanic eruptions, a lot of the hot lava was channelled into riverbeds. While the surface of the flowing lava slowly cooled off, beneath the surface it remained hot and continued to flow – leaving behind a lavatube.
Lavatube (“Windtunnel”), Undara
The Savannah Way connects Cairns on the East Coast to Broome on the West Coast. We travelled 800 km of it – via Undara to Normanton. The remaining 2.900km will have to wait for a separate trip. When travelling in Australia, one has to make concessions. There is so much to see and to do, it simply takes some prioritizing.
To say that Mount Isa is in the middle of nowhere is a pretty accurate description. Prior to 1923 there was absolutely nothing here. When lead ore was discovered in the same year, news travelled fast – even back then – and within a short period of time people flocked to the region in search of riches beneath the surface. They came to the right place. The Mount Isa region contains 11% of all zinc and lead, 5% of all silver and 1% of all copper resources worldwide. If you ever come here, join a tour of the Hard Times Mine! It´s a great experience taking you directly into the dark and dangerous world of mining!
A welcome break on the last stretch of the 680 km drive from Threeways to Katherine. Swimming in the 34° C warm and crystal clear water of the natural thermal pool at Mataranka. The water feeds into the Roper river. Embedded between palms and other trees this is quite an experience after driving hours and hours through hot and arid landscapes for most of the day. But then 34° C is not really refreshing either.
Katherine is the third largest city of the Northern Territory – with slightly more than 10.000 inhabitants. It´s situated along the Savannah Highway and also a convenient stop on the way to Kakadu National Park, Darwin or when heading South towards Uluru (Ayers Rock). Apart from its logistical practicalities its close to Nitmiluk National Park with its dramatic gorge. The park is named after the rainbow serpent “Nibilil”, an important dreamtime figure in the native Jawoyn culture – one of the Aboriginal tribes.
Parts of the movie “Crocodile Dundee” were shot here at Kakadu. Does anybody remember it? Back then the area was more known for its Uranium that is still mined here. But by now it is also a National Park with more than 19.000 square km (approx. 1/2 the size of Switzerland) and dual World Heritage status – for its natural and cultural aspects. Well, we can´t wait to discover some of it!
One of our first sightseeing tours in Kakadu was taking the 4WD track to the popular Jim Jim Falls. Usually, the water falls down here up to 200m from the surrounding Arnhem Land Plateau. Not so in the dry season, which we otherwise appreciate for the better driving conditions. The walk is short but strenuous, as it includes climbing over large rocks for most of the time. Highlight: A swim in the plunge pool – which still holds deep waters even during the dry season!
When thousands of (non indigenous) Buffalo walked into the wetlands of Kakadu, they stirred up mud and the water started to look murky and yellow. Hence the name Yellow Water. Not to be confused with the Yellow River in China. Apart from the name, nothing is really yellow. Most of the Buffalo were killed off to protect the natural ecosystem. The Yellow Water region boasts an incredible flora and fauna and is an absolute highlight of the Kakadu NP! Don´t go to Kakadu without visiting this area!!
Kakadu National Park also features many ancient art sites. Apart from drawing mystical figures from their dream time culture, the Aborigines also did a lot of practical and straightforward painting, e.g. to educate their children about possible food sources. Preferred drawing material was and is ochre, which plays an important part in Aboriginal culture (also for body paintings).
Darwin, capital city of the Northern Territory. Due to the few inhabitants, everything is a bit more relaxed around here. Following through on a tip we had received while travelling, we went to the Stokes Hill Wharf to indulge in delicious Fish (Barramundi) & Chips. The area also offers something for the historically interested, as it was targeted during Japanese bombings raids on Australia during WW2.
A nice day trip from Darwin! Litchfield National Park offers several water falls, that allow for a refreshing swim in their basin (please see photography section). It is also home to different types of termites, which are truly fascinating architects . Below you can see a mound typical for the Magnetic Termite. To control temperature, the narrow side of the mound is perfectly aligned from East to West, leaving the wide sides to face north (always sunny and warm) and south (always shady and cool). The result looks a bit like a tombstone.
The Aborigines belief, that the mystical dream time figure of the rainbow serpent laid its eggs here. Geologists get equally excited at this seemingly random accumulation of massive round stones. It is not too difficult to understand why marbles feature in the English name of the site.
Also known as Alice Springs – welcome to the main hub of the Red Centre. After driving for hours and hours through beautiful but non-inhabited Outback landscapes, you are suddenly in Alice Springs. For us it was the place to have our exhaust fixed, which started to make beautiful but illegal noises. And of course, being in Alice, you also would go out to explore the nearby MacDonnell Ranges – which is exactly what we did.
Ok, we simply were lucky! As it had rained quite a bit in the Red Centre in the weeks prior to our arrival – ending a 7 year draught – wild flowers where in abundance everywhere! My wife thought, she was in the largest flower shop on Planet Earth. No picture can replace the impression of standing on the side of a lonesome, red, dusty road and seeing flowers in all directions until the horizon.
Coming from Alice Springs and going to Uluru, it would be a pity to not visit Kings Canyon! The 6km rim walk is an experience we can highly recommend. Allow 4 hours if walking at slow to moderate speed. A healthy fitness level, a hat and lots of water are good companions. On hot days be there early, as the walk gets closed later in the day. First you climb up from the base to the rim and then the track – as the name suggests – takes you along the rim. You even get to see the “Garden of Eden” along the way (see Photography section). At some places you can virtually stand right next to a 300m high drop off. So don´t go too far!
You can have endless discussions which of the two you prefer! Uluru is the largest single monolith on earth. But Kata Tjuta is even higher and consists of multiple rocks. So chose your own favourite! Both have their colour in common, which is caused by rust, as the rocks have a high content of iron. Hence people also call Uluru somewhat affectionately “the big rusty thing”. My favourite were The Olgas, they are a bit less hyped and it was easier to find a spot for my tripod. But back to the main attraction of the park, which is Uluru. There is an ongoing discourse if people should still climb it, which you currently can, but which is in conflict with the traditional law of the Anangu people, the traditional landowners. We decided to refrain from climbing to not cause any offence and enjoyed the views from the ground.
And that is not an empty statement. 80% of all existing opal is found in this area! But that´s not all. Coober Pedy also claims to be the only place on earth where you can camp underneath the ground (at Riba´s) – of course in a discontinued opal mine. That in itself was an interesting and equally dusty experience. And then there is also the Hollywood side of this rustic outback location. Parts of “Mad Max” and other sci-fi/action movies were cast here, taking advantage of the rough and somewhat monotone surroundings of Coober Pedy.
After having been in the Outback for several weeks and thus coming out of a world where you greet everybody you meet on the road, it was quite a culture shock coming back into a larger metropolitan area. We were welcomed by a traffic jam, something we had neither experienced nor missed since leaving Sydney 3 months ago. To get over it we took a tour into the close-by Barossa Valley, which provided us with a culture shock of the more recommendable type. Lovely wineries and food! While the Seppeltsfield Estate was a good source for Tawny (I especially liked their 21 yr old Para Tawny), the Hentley Farm was certainly impressive with their Shiraz variations! Lunch at Maggie Beer´s Farmshop and a visit to a nearby Lavender Farm completed a lovely day trip.
After heavy rainfalls and already intense wind gusts, the electricity of our powered campsite in Adelaide went out in the afternoon. Assuming that the weather might have caused the problem, I went outside to ask others, if they also experienced a power failure on their sites. As two close-by gentlemen looked up from their smartphones, they informed me, that the problem was slightly bigger then my tent. The whole of South Australia had gone off the grid. As a once-every-50-years-storm was still to hit South Australia over the next two days – with predicted wind speeds of up to 140km/h – we decided to take our tent down, before the wind did, and moved into a cabin. Like many South Australians that night, we got out some candles, a nice bottle of wine and hoped that all would go well for everybody in the affected area.
A little bit of luxury for a couple of days – together with friends we stayed at this extraordinary vacation home in Kiama. We all agreed that it was virtually impossible to get too much of this view – wouldn´t you agree?
I have heard lots of jokes about golf like this one: “To play golf is to spoil an otherwise enjoyable walk”. Now I can personally testify that there is a hidden truth in it (which wasn´t so hidden for anyone watching me play). While I was trying to drive a ball towards the red flag and almost injured an innocent elderly lady standing by. She just smiled at me and said “Oh, you are just beginning to play? Please, don´t give up!” Well, there are probably not many sports more humbling than golf. In the end it was an enjoyable walk – thankfully not spoilt too much.
After trying golf in the morning, the late afternoon with its scheduled wine tasting and dinner was back in my comfort zone. But the experimenting didn´t end, as there were some interesting wine varieties to be discovered at Crooked River Wines: Savagnin (white), Arneis (white) and Chambourcin (red). It also was the first wine farm I have come across, that has beer available for tasting and selling (Uncle Joe´s Pale Ale), which is brewed by the son of the owner!
Taking visiting family back to the airport, we all had the chance for some more sightseeing in Sydney. As public transport in Sydney also includes the ferries that travel to and from Circular Quay, there is no need to book expensive harbour cruises to get a different angle on the Harbour and the Opera House!
A beautiful destination on the Mornington Peninsula are the Maze Gardens of Ashcombe. You can get lost between classic hedges or thousands of roses – and if that is not enough, there is also a lavender maze. So choose for yourself, how you want to get lost!
We are looking forward to Thanksgiving dinner later, which we are invited to. THANK YOU to the hosts already – one more thing to be thankful for. It doesn´t take much thinking to come up with loads of things to be thankful for. Some of them are described in the 80+ posts below but of course that´s not all! What I love about this day – and I am sure I am not alone in this – is that it puts the focus on the positive! So why don´t just keep it there?
Only a short trip from Mornington, where we are staying at the moment, there are Sorrento and Portsea to the South. What distinguishes these places are not only the beautiful surroundings, but also a rather high density of luxury automobiles from Stuttgart in Germany (both brands) – if you are not sure what I am talking about, just google “car manufacturers Stuttgart”.
Small colourful beach huts can be found all over the beaches of the Mornington Peninsula – the picture below was taken at the Dromana beach front. During the summer months, the whole Peninsula is very popular with Melbournians and other visitors, who come to appreciate the natural beauty, the wine farms and the culinary options that have developed here over the last decades. Well, we are out before everybody else comes in and are heading north to Melbourne!
Scienceworks in Melbourne is a great place for the young to discover (and for the grown-ups to re-discover) science. E.g. in the lightning room, where a huge Tesla coil is used to create real lightning. It´s part of a 30-minute live show on electricity. The show delivers a great reminder what happens if lightning strikes an aeroplane, a car, a bus shed or a golf player. Also nice: invent your own mobility concept for the future and have it displayed on a large screen! And that´s just two out of many things.
Good on us that we are only dealing with the skeletons and not “the real thing”. This weeks field trip was to the Melbourne Museum. Great exhibitions on the mind (e.g. can you name the six fundamental emotions?), the body, World War I, the forest, Aboriginal culture and Melbourne itself.
During the summer months, the Royal Melbourne Botanical Garden on some late evenings allows itself to be transferred into a huge open air cinema. You can upgrade your experience by renting a bean bag to lounge even more comfortably on the grass, while enjoying snacks and drinks and the movie – if it´s not “Allied”. That was the only drawback of an otherwise wonderful evening with friends at a stunning location! So when you come to Melbourne in the summer months, you might want to google “Moonlight Cinema”.
When you have friends that are farmers, it gives you options. Like the chance to get an extra workout. We volunteered to help bring in the hay – and yeah, no need to pay for any fitness studio! That being said, it was endless fun! Probably also, because we do not have to do it every year. On top of it, we learned the difference between hay and straw (straw is usually cut after the crop has been harvested of its stems).
Torquay usually attracts lots of surfers to famous Bells Beach. But you don´t have to be a surfer to enjoy Torquay. Just get a boogie board and you don´t have to worry about falling of any surfboard. Just enjoy the ride! Anything else required? Ah yes, sunshine and waves. The former was supplied by the Australian summer, the latter by Jan Juc Beach.
The 12 Apostles along the Great Ocean Road was one of those places we definitely wanted to see! The name of the place obviously is from a time, when all 12 where still around, 4 have collapsed since and I wouldn´t be surprised if more are to disappear in the future. Anyway, what´s left is still impressive! Amazing what beauty can be created by erosion!
Port Campbell is nicely located to explore some of the most popular spots along the Great Ocean Road – like the 12 Apostles, the London Bridge and various other Arches and Gorges. That´s why we chose it as a base to do some leisurely exploring. And it just is a nice spot in itself. The Port Campbell Creek doesn´t always make it into the ocean, but that just has the added benefit of a direct beach access – it´s just a short walk from the campsite along the riverbed et voilà, build your sandcastle!
…and relax. The oil of the Eucalypt trees is what has given the Blue Mountains their name. It creates a blue haze which lingers over the treetops and which can be seen on clear days. Taking a deep breath is intoxicating and relaxing at the same time. Highlights for us were the famous rock formation “Three Sisters”, the Leura Cascades, Wentworth Falls, the Waradah Aboriginal Center and the fact that you can buy a 2hr scenic train ride from Sydney to Katoomba for 5,30AUD per person! That´s unbeatable public transport pricing!
Fire alarms in hotels – especially at night – usually lead to a small Pajama Party outside. It wasn´t any different in this case. We were told that something had gotten out of hand in the smokers room. Anyway, it wasn´t a big story and we all were able to go back into our rooms soon after, which allowed me to take this shot from our balcony. The lights of the fire fighting truck add an interesting ambiance to this rainy night.
This is blog post No 99. After visiting the Philippines, New Zealand and the Cook Islands we started our journey through Australia in Sydney. And now – 25.000km later and having seen but a small fraction of the country – Sydney is where it ends. The time has come to return home. We do so with a deep happiness and a great sadness. We are sad, because we are leaving behind truly wonderful people we had the privilege of being around. We are happy because we know that we were blessed to see some of the most beautiful places on this planet, that we had the unique chance to experience a great family time and last but not least – that we were able to use the time to learn, to reflect and to look forward. And having done that, we are happy to know, that the best lies still ahead of us! | <urn:uuid:683398e4-f3c2-44df-8020-51d8edc48393> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wolfs.link/blog/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.9647 | 5,196 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Hawaii island residents whose homes were destroyed by lava should be able to recover money for fire damage from their homeowners insurance policies.
The state is urging Pahoa residents affected by the volcanic eruption to contact their insurance agents to find out what exactly is covered under their policies, which vary among insurers.
The eruption had destroyed 35 structures, mostly homes, as of late Monday.
|INSURANCE COVERAGE FOR LAVA FLOW DAMAGE
In general, if a home or structure is damaged by fire from a lava flow, the damage may be covered under homeowners’ insurance policies as a fire peril. However, each company’s policy is different. Homeowners should contact insurers immediately to review their coverage. To make the claims process easier:
>> Keep insurance policy in a safe place.
>> Take it with you in an evacuation.
>> Homeowners should inventory their belongings using pictures, video or the National Association of Insurance Commissioners’ MyHome Scr.APP.book app.
>> Remove as many things as possible from homes to mitigate the amount of damage.
Source: Hawaii Insurance Division
”Those impacted by the mandatory evacuations, fire, smoke or noxious fumes may be able to start a claim,” said Insurance Commissioner Gordon Ito, adding that policies might require notification within a certain time frame. “We don’t want residents to have lingering questions about their policies and not take advantage of a benefit that they may not be aware of.”
While volcanic eruption is typically excluded on a regular homeowners policy, fire is a covered peril, said Tony Abad, vice president of sales and market at First Insurance Co. of Hawaii.
“When lava gets close to a house, it actually catches on fire. That’s the way with Hawaii’s volcano. Before it gets to the house, the house catches on fire because of the heat, he said. Since the fire was caused by heat, it will likely be covered by insurance. But first you need to have bought insurance.
Most local insurers, including First Insurance, do not issue policies in high-risk lava zones.
Those high-risk properties may be covered by the Hawaii Property Insurance Association, the state run insurance program. Some insurance brokers issue high-risk policies through out-of-state companies.
“Policies shouldn’t vary from zone to zone, but pricing will. If you’re in a higher-risk area, it’s going to cost more. It’s not only applicable to this situation, but everyone who’s a homeowner or renter in preparation they really should understand what coverages they have and don’t have,” Ito said.
For more information, go to cca.hawaii.gov/ins/resources or call the Insurance Division toll-free at 974-4000, ext. 62790#. | <urn:uuid:8cf6abad-9948-4043-8f86-5070ef998e68> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.staradvertiser.com/2018/05/08/hawaii-news/insurance-policies-should-cover-lava-related-fire/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.947693 | 606 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Fort Hall, Idaho was a stop that became very interesting and enlightening. The Reservation of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes. A chance to learn a little more about how the arriving Europeans and the then the influx of pioneers moving west had started to change not just the landscape forever, but also the way of life for peoples that had lived and roamed in the west for many thousands of years before.
When talking about Native Americans you are clumping together a whole diversity of tribes, peoples, customs and languages. Today there are well over 500 recognised different tribes. Before modern Europeans came over to North America the Native American peoples hunted and travelled North and South, with the seasons, with the food. Take just the Shoshone people for a start, they covered an area from Canada and all the way into Mexico. The Bannock were mainly in Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada and surrounds but also went hunting Buffalo as far as Canada. This map below though shows to some extent how history, with pioneer expansion, conflict, treaties led to the tribes being confined to the reservations (areas in red).
In the 1830’s a key trading post for fur trappers, and a stop for those travelling the Oregon Trail, was set up here in Idaho, Fort Hall. All this sudden influx of people for different means had a great affect on the vegetation and game for hunting. Naturally, over the years small conflicts arose and tension increased. Ultimately came the Bear River Massacre of 1863. The attack by the US Army led by Col. Connor on the Shoshone people who were led by Chief Bear Hunter, that became a brutal killing of over 400 Shoshones, with children killed and women raped and more… a very sorry point in the saga of the area. This kind of action led the Federal Government to act. They decided a treaty needed to be made and reservations created, to separate travellers and settlers from Native American for the safety of both sides.
The Fort Hall Reservation of 1867 was the area of 1.8 million square acres for the Northern Shoshone and Bannock Tribes. In the first years they were forbidden to leave. This led to no chance to go hunting afar and they had a lot of starvation. Together with a drought this confinement was used to try and westernise the tribes people and turn them into farmers etc. More westernisation attempts later in the 19th Century reduced the land (by allotments) down and down. Also, government acts have taken more land so today it is reduced to just over 500 thousand square acres.
Eventually in 1934, Franklin D Roosevelt signed an act giving all the tribes self governing powers and allowed the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes to run their reservation land and develop themselves.
From the pictures above you can see the first point of call was the museum that showed in detail and pictures a lot of this history but much detail about the great traditions, the history of the way of life, what the wildlife meant to the peoples both in food and beliefs. A really fascinating time. It opened my eyes to a history I had obviously not learned enough about. I was guided by two wonderful people whom passionately shared their great wealth of knowledge with us. Thank you Rosemary and Randy’L 🙂
Today, one of the main industries is the gaming and gambling industry. We took a look around the huge Hotel and Casino complex of Fort hall, Idaho. A busy and bustling building with a shop that is full of traditional riches and wares.
Painstakingly handmade beaded goods from purses to salt and pepper pots. Traditional clothing adorned the walls and isles of the shop with people on hand to give lots of information on the historical facts of the items and their place in tradition.
A stop on the trail that will stick in my mind.. Something that has made me want to learn a lot more about. | <urn:uuid:4adc5fdd-3a34-4a1f-a2c3-43401fcbddb5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.baldhiker.com/the-reservation-of-the-shoshone-bannock-tribes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.974822 | 795 | 3.375 | 3 |
Replicas of Columbus' sailing ships visit Brunswick
Replicas of Columbus' sailing ships are moored in Brunswick.
BRUNSWICK - The black replicas of Christopher Columbus' Nina and Pinta sailed into the Port of Brunswick Wednesday for a five-day visit.
The ships will be tied up at Brunswick Landing Marina and open for tours from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m. until they set sail Monday for South Carolina ports.
Their captains - Kyle Friauf of the Nina and Morgan Sanger of the Pinta - said the ships have a busy schedule calling on ports from the Panama Canal to Canada but have to take some time off for extensive maintenance.
"We spend 10 weeks a year in Bayou La Batre, La. We kind of tear them apart,'' Sanger said.
The Columbus Foundation formed in 1986 to raise money to build replicas of all three of Columbus' ships in time for the 500th anniversary of his first voyage of discovery. It became apparent, however, that there wasn't that much interest in the anniversary and many wanted to use it to protest.
Because of financial constraints, it was decided to build only the Nina, the smallest of the three ships and the only one to make all three voyages.
For years, the Nina was on a solo tour. Built for day sailing, the Pinta was in the Grand Caymans taking people on tours when the economy tanked two years ago and people quit coming for tours, Sanger said.
"We decided to join up with our sister ship,'' he said.
The Nina had already sailed 300,000 miles in 19 years, giving thousands upon thousands of school children and adults up-close looks at a replica of one of the caravels from the poetic snippet of a history lesson, "In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.''
"Rugged boat,'' Sanger said. "They both are.''
The Nina was the fastest of Columbus' three ships and his favorite. The Santa Maria, which, Sanger said, he compared to sailing a barrel, was his least favorite.
"He rejoiced when it sank on Christmas Day in 1492,'' Sanger said.
Because the Santa Maria was an unwieldy freighter, Sanger doubts the Nina and Pinta will ever be joined by the third sister ship.
The Nina was in Brunswick about five years ago, Friauf said.
People are always amazed that the ship is so small, but they have to keep in mind that people were also small in 1492.
Columbus was considered tall at 5 feet 9 inches so that means the ship was plenty big.
At 85 feet, the Pinta is about 20 feet longer "on the deck'' than the Nina, but it can be argued the smaller ship is the more authentic of the two, having been built with hand tools.
Both have engines and had to use them Wednesday because the square-rigged ships can't sail into the winds like those blowing in the morning.
The Pinta has a large area below decks where its crew can show documentaries on the ships. The area has a three-inch-thick granite floor and has about 20 types of wood. The Pinta is also available for private cruises while in port.
Each ship has a crew of five and takes volunteers from port-to-port.
"We're always looking for good crew, especially those that don't get seasick,'' Sanger said.
The self-guided tours are $7 for adults, $6 for senior citizens, $5 for children and free for those 4 and younger.
For more information consult the website www.thenina.com.
firstname.lastname@example.org (912) 264-0405 | <urn:uuid:bb027cd1-86bb-4fa1-9b3c-a1569dddf11c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jacksonville.com/story/news/2010/04/22/replicas-columbus-sailing-ships-visit-brunswick/15947104007/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.968232 | 789 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Decades of rights violations on both sides of the Line of Control in Kashmir have “claimed or ruined numerous lives” and should be the subject of a high-level international probe, the UN’s human rights chief said on Thursday.
Flagging the launch of the first UN human rights report on the disputed territory separating India and Pakistan, Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein noted his intention to ask the Human Rights Council in Geneva to set up a commission of inquiry at its next session, beginning on Monday.
The High Commissioner – whose mandate ends this summer – highlighted what he called the “chronic impunity for violations committed by security forces” and said that the political nature of the conflict had masked the “untold suffering” of millions of people.
The main focus of the 49-page report is the use of reported “excessive force” by soldiers in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, although it also examines a range of rights violations in Pakistan-Administered Kashmir.
In Indian-Administered Kashmir, the report details how large demonstrations erupted in Jammu and Kashmir two years ago after Indian security forces killed the leader of an armed group.
It notes how “excessive force” led to the deaths of an estimated 145 civilians from mid-2016 to April this year.
Victims’ lack of access to justice remains a key challenge in Jammu and Kashmir, the report from the UN human rights office, OHCHR, continues.
It details how bespoke legislation gives security personnel “virtual immunity” against legal redress unless the Indian government authorizes it, and says that “there has not been a single prosecution” in the nearly 30 years that the Armed Forces (Jammu and Kashmir) Special Powers Act has been in force.
This “almost total impunity” has also hindered inquiries into enforced or voluntary disappearances, the report continues, citing allegations of mass graves in the state and the alleged mass rape of 23 women by soldiers in Kunan-Poshpora nearly three decades ago.
Turning to Pakistan-Administered Kashmir, the OHCHR report describes rights violations there as being “of a different calibre or magnitude”.
It details restrictions on freedom of expression and people’s right to peaceful assembly in two territories – Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and in Gilgit-Baltistan – and expresses concern at the “very broad definition of terrorism” amid reports that hundreds of people have been detained under Pakistan’s anti-terrorism legislation in Gilgit-Baltistan alone.
Any resolution of the political situation in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and Indian-administered Kashmir “must entail a commitment to end the cycles of violence and ensure accountability for past and current abuses by all parties”, Zeid said.
This post was originally published by UN News Centre. Click here to read. | <urn:uuid:6a495a3c-595b-4a1d-96d5-c637e19550d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.unairan.org/2018/06/18/un-rights-chief-calls-international-inquiry-kashmir-violations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.934714 | 602 | 2.328125 | 2 |
FOR PEST CONTROL SERVICE OR FREE ESTIMATE
(425) 259-0904 or (360) 658-8811
Bees are most active in Snohomish county during the summer and fall. The most common type of these pest are Yellow Jackets, Paper Wasps and Hornets. Wasp for example like to build paper like nest around Snohomish County in late spring. Wasps continue to increase the size of the nest and number of workers until late summer. This is when worker wasps are at their peak and the production of new queens and males begin. A typical wasp's nest can vary in size, from the size of a grapefruit to a basketball size. The wasps nest usually hangs on a tree or tree leaves. The wasp's nest have also been known to be found on the ground, walls, void, landscaping, attics and crawlspaces. Always approach a wasps nest with caution, as these bees are very territorial and quite aggressive.
Yellow Jacket workers are about 1/2” long, short and blocky. All Yellow Jackets are yellow and black or white and black.
Paper wasp are 3/4” long and more slender. They have long legs and coloring which is usually red and yellow or mostly yellow with small areas of black. Paper wasp's are generally more aggressive than yellow jackets.
Hornets are among the largest of the wasps. Some hornets can reach up to 2.2 inches in length. They are usually yellow and black in color. Most hornet nests die off in the winter. Hornets thrive in Snohomish County during the spring and summer. A hornet's nest can have up to 700 hornets at the peak of its population.
If you are having any issues with a nest in your home or business contact our professional bee removal experts. We can remove all the bees in or around your home or business in a matter of hours. Our cost effective bee removal service is among the best in all of Snohomish County.
We Proudly Serve Snohomish County including:
Arlington | Bothell | Edmonds | Everett | Lake Stevens | Lynnwood | Marysville | Mill Creek | Mountlake Terrace | Snohomish | Stanwood | <urn:uuid:dac5ccf9-1c36-4587-9457-ec5bbe2c59af> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aadvantagepestcontrol.com/pest-control/bee-removal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.949009 | 482 | 2.140625 | 2 |
US Coast Guard
DTB and the US Coast Guard
The US Coast Guard is a maritime service branch that administers maritime law enforcement, as well as other functions, such as search and rescue missions. The Coast Guard is also a branch of the armed services and can perform military functions, when required.
DTB services the Coast Guard and its prime contractors in a variety of ways. We conduct testing on maritime vessels and their components, including shipboard, environmental, dynamics, and EMI testing. We have chambers of various sizes, as well as vibration facilities that can handle the larger items that are prevalent in this service branch.
In addition to testing, DTB provides technical publications for US Coast Guard procured resources and equipment. This encompasses aircraft search and rescue helicopter publications, ship operating manuals, and ship and engineering manuals. We also provide maintenance training courses to shipyards and suppliers of ship equipment, such as engines, gear boxes, control stands, and deck equipment.
No matter the need for your US Coast Guard-affiliated program, DTB is ready to help. Give us a call today to learn more! | <urn:uuid:31594147-5587-4e51-b9b3-ce325942139c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dtb.com/markets-mil-uscg.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.962975 | 226 | 1.648438 | 2 |
In a garden with a variety of flowers, pollinators will be abundant. Sometimes we don’t always recognize the specific pollinator when we see it, but there are some native pollinators that leave other signs of their activity. One of our medium-sized native bees will leave a distinctive calling card of recent activity in our landscape.
Leafcutter bees have collected circular notches from the edges of a redbud tree. Photo by Beth Bolles, UF IFAS Extension Escambia County.
If you see some of the leaves of trees and shrubs with distinct circular notches on the edges of the leaves, you can be sure the Leafcutter bee is present. The females collect the leaf pieces to make a small, cigar-shaped nest that may be found in natural cavities, such as rooting wood, soil, or in plant stems. Each nest will have several sections in which the female places a ball of pollen and an egg. The emerging larvae then have a plentiful food source in order to develop into an adult bee.
When identifying a leafcutter bee in your landscape, look for a more robust bee with dark and light stripes on the abdomen. These bees also have a hairy underside to their abdomen where they carry the pollen. When loaded with pollen their underside will look yellow.
Leafcutter bees are solitary bees that are not considered aggressive. A sting would only be likely if the bee is handled. Your landscape will have many plants that a leafcutter may use for nesting material. The pollinating benefits of these bees far outweigh any cosmetic injury to the plant leaf margins.
Visit Featured Creatures to see a photo of the leaf pieces made into a nest.
Integrated Pest Management or ‘IPM’ is a sustainable approach to managing plant pests by using several different methods to cause the least harm to people, property, and the environment. IPM focuses on the management of problems rather than their eradication. Using IPM strategies in your garden is one way to ensure its productivity!
Avoiding Pest Problems
Prevention is key to IPM! It is important to select the right plant, for the right place at the right time. It’s also important to select pest-resistant plant varieties and maintain healthy plants through proper watering and fertilization.
- Plan before you plant. Be sure not to plant in a location not suited for a particular plant. Stressed plants are more susceptible to insects and disease.
- Start with healthy plants. Do not plant plants with insects or disease.
- Monitor the lawn and garden regularly. You’ll want to be able to detect a pest problem earlier rather than later.
- Water and fertilize properly. Too much of either can make plants vulnerable to insects and disease.
- Encourage beneficial insects in your garden. Learn to recognize the insects in your garden and let the good ones do the work for you!
Recognizing Pest Problems
Depending upon the insect and the life cycle stage they are in, they may look different than we are used to! Here is a photo of the pupal stage of a lady beetle.
Scouting or monitoring the garden or plants in the yard frequently helps detect problems early. Some of the common insects you’ll find in your garden are: aphids, mealybugs, scales, whiteflies, thrips, mites, caterpillars, and stinkbugs. Often times you’ll find damage from the insect before you see the insect itself. Chewed or deformed leaves, sooty mold or a colony of ants scurrying up and down stems are all signs an insect may be present.
Treating Pest Problems
IPM is the best strategy for dealing with pests in the lawn and garden. IPM strategies:
- Remove affected plant leaves or parts. If an insect or disease is heavily concentrated in an area, you can reduce or eliminate the problem by simply removing it.
- Pick insects off by hand. Be sure to dispose of them so they don’t make it back into the garden.
- Look for beneficial insects. If you see a pest outbreak, try to determine if it is being managed by natural enemies. Many insects such as ladybugs and lacewings prey on pest insects and removing them will just help the pest insects. If you need help identifying insects, contact your local county Extension agent!
- Try the above strategies before pesticide use. If the problem persists and pesticides are needed, use products that have a reduced-risk to the environment such as insecticidal soaps, horticultural oils, botanicals, or microbials.
- Read and follow all pesticide label instructions. The label is the law!
For more information on integrated pest management, please visit:
While there are many fungi that produce mushrooms out in the world around us, there are some that are particularly notable. Edible varieties such as the lion’s mane, jelly ear, and chanterelle may be welcome additions to the landscape. We may have to look out for harmful fungi that cause leaf spots on our landscape plants, toxic mushrooms that could cause harm if ingested, or even things like sooty mold that indicate the presence of another problem (plant-damaging insects, in that case). Then, there are stinkhorn mushrooms.
Stinkhorn Mushroom. Photo courtesy of Evan Anderson.
While not poisonous (indeed, some varieties are edible) and not harmful to plants, these mushrooms are usually unwanted by homeowners. Why? There are two things that make them undesirable. First, they emit an odor that may resemble rotting meat, raw sewage, or some delightful combination of the two. Secondly, some species strongly resemble…well, the genus name Phallus may give some indication. Suffice to say that if your landscape mulch appears to have an inappropriate anatomical addition after a cool rain, you may have a stinkhorn mushroom.
These fungi are decomposers of dead plant material, breaking down wood chips, fallen leaves, or old tree stumps. This is an incredibly important role in the ecosystem, but stinkhorns are particularly offensive as they go about doing their job. The reason for their smell, specifically, is because they need to spread their spores. To do so, they attract insects. Unlike many plants which use beautiful flowers with pleasant fragrances to attract pollinators, stinkhorns attract a different crowd of helpers. They exude a slimy mass of spores that are appealing to flies and other invertebrates that enjoy feces, dead animals, and the like. The insects transport spores from place to place as they feed on the slime.
Stinkhorn Mushroom. Photo courtesy of Evan Anderson.
If you smell or see these mushrooms in your yard or landscape, don’t worry. They won’t last long and may be beneficial to the environment. If they become intolerable, stirring mulch up can help discourage their growth, or they can be removed physically (perhaps with a tool or while wearing gloves, at least). If they recur in an area time after time, look out for their early stages of growth, which may resemble puffballs or small eggs, and remove them then. Fungicides tend not to be effective and may harm other beneficial fungi in the environment.
For more information, see our EDIS publication on stinkhorn mushrooms at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/PP345.
Plants with variegated foliage are very popular landscape selections. As flowers fade on other plants, the colors of variegated foliage continue to add interest through multiple seasons.
A very adaptable shrub that has been around for a long time, now has a selection with beautiful variegated foliage. Juliet™ cleyera offers green and white evergreen foliage that can brighten up a garden year around. New foliage adds additional interest with a maroon tinge.
Variegated foliage of Juliet™ cleyera. Photo by Beth Bolles, UF IFAS Extension Escambia County
Like other selections of Cleyera, Juliet™ needs to be matched to an appropriate spot to accommodate its mature size. Shrubs will reach about 8 feet in height with a spread of about 5 feet. Plants may look best when left to grow in a more natural form with light selective pruning. This shrub is probably not suited for planting in front of home windows but used as a specimen or as a nice screen plant.
Once established, cleyera is a low maintenance plant and is adapted to grow well without routine irrigation. My home landscape has very well drained soil and I have not needed to apply supplemental irrigation to two cleyera shrubs in over 20 years. Consider a spot that receives full sun or partial shade for your plants.
An added advantage of cleyera shrubs in general is that bees are attracted to the flowers so it makes an additional nectar source for pollinators in the spring.
Gardeners worldwide and throughout time have bemoaned weeds. In Florida, we get to enjoy weeds all year long! Our February Gardening in the Panhandle (GIP) Live episode focused on weeds and weed control. Many homeowners are interested in ways to control weeds and UF/IFAS Extension and your local extension agents are here to help. The following is a summary of the topics we discussed and links for more research-based information on weeds.
What is a Weed?
Many folks come to the extension office holding a plant and ask, “Is this a weed”? Well, whether it is a weed or not is up to the individual, as the only definition for a weed is “a plant out of place”. Bermudagrass and Oxalis are good examples of plants that some try to grow while others try to kill. One person’s weed is another’s wildflower! However, to be clear, plants classified as invasive by UF/IFAS and governmental entities are officially weeds. There are resources to help identify several common plants that are generally considered weeds by most homeowners and landscapers.
Weed ID Links
Common, and aggravating, weeds.
How to Prevent Weeds?
There are some general gardening practices that can help prevent weeds so there is less of a need to control them. A lawn that is healthy is less likely to be invaded by weeds and the use of mulch can greatly reduce weed growth in planting beds. Other practices, like the placement of weed fabrics/cloths are less effective and/or less practical in many garden situations.
Weed Prevention Links
How to Control Weeds?
Once you know and/or decide that what you have is a weed and that it needs to be dealt with, then you have to consider your control options. Prevention, as mentioned above, is key but sometimes you may need to use other methods of control, such as physical, mechanical, and/or chemical means. With chemical weed control, it is important to always read and follow the product label.
Weed Control Links
General dates of common annual weed emergence. Credit: Dr. Ramon Leon, UF/IFAS.
Specific Weed Recommendations
When managing pests, proper identification is key to effective control. Because some weeds are annuals, and present either during the cool or warm season, and others are perennials, proper weed identification can provide a more detailed control strategy. Use the weed ID links above and the document links below for more precise, and effective, weed management.
Species-Specific Control Links
If you need additional assistance with weed control, please contact your local county extension office. Please tune in for future GIP LIVE episodes for more research-based information on gardening topics.
Plants need water. This isn’t an outrageous insight, but the details behind this statement can be more complicated than it might seem. While it is true that plants, like all living things, need water to survive, they don’t all need the same amount and they may need more or less at different times. For a healthy landscape, garden, container planting, or lawn, it’s important to pay attention to the little quirks of watering that may not be immediately obvious.
During the wintertime, temperatures are lower and days are shorter. Less heat and sunlight means water will evaporate much more slowly and the soil will stay wetter. With less heat and sunlight, plants grow at a much slower rate (if at all). This means that irrigation systems set for summertime watering are probably going to keep conditions too damp for many plants during the winter. For example, a St. Augustinegrass lawn might only be able to survive 1 to 5 days without irrigation or rain in the summer, but the same lawn can last 8 to 28 days between waterings in the winter. Consider adjusting your irrigation system or watering schedule to account for seasonal differences. Remember also that a practiced eye can tell when a lawn needs water – folding or curled blades of grass, a dulling of color from bright green to bluish-gray, and footprints that remain in turf rather than springing back are signs of drought stress. Before these signs show up, it may not be necessary or beneficial to water.
Snails love moisture, and an abundance of them may be a sign of too much irrigation.
If plants are overwatered, they often show different signs of distress. Lawns may have more issues with fungal diseases or become patchy, which can let weeds begin to take over. Ornamental plants such as shrubs and trees might show signs of nutrient deficiency or begin to drop leaves, appearing sparse and unhealthy. You may notice an increase in moisture-loving pests as well, such as slugs or snails. Check for watering issues if you notice any of these symptoms.
Cooler weather can be a good time to get outside and do regular maintenance on irrigation systems and plantings. Replace or unclog malfunctioning nozzles, patch
Moisture held against the base of a tree by mulch can eventually damage the plant.
holes in water lines, and adjust irrigation heads that may no longer be pointed in the right direction. Prune back plants that have grown into irrigation sprinkler patterns and may disrupt even watering. Put in new or replacement plants and make any adjustments needed to their irrigation. Lastly, add mulch around plants. This can help retain soil moisture, even out changes in soil temperature, suppress weed growth, and add organic matter to the soil as mulch breaks down. Avoid piling mulch against the base of plants, however, or it will hold moisture against the plant and can promote the growth of molds and other fungi.
Improperly placed or calibrated sprinklers can cause problems.
For more information on watering, there is a wealth of knowledge online. The Florida Friendly Landscaping program has a lot to read on the topic: https://ffl.ifas.ufl.edu/handbook/Water_Efficiently_vSept09.pdf
The University of Florida EDIS publications cover many watering topics as well: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/topic_landscape_irrigation
And, as always, contact your local extension office for help as well! | <urn:uuid:0dd082f9-a410-434d-b906-af01ed42bec3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nwdistrict.ifas.ufl.edu/hort/category/uncategorized/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.941993 | 3,143 | 3.296875 | 3 |
We continue our daily rubric of interesting and useful gadgets from AliExpress. Today we will talk about LED Human Body Induction Night Light.
What it is?
It is a compact night light that boasts a built-in motion sensor. It works at a distance of up to three meters with a coverage angle of 120 degrees. The device is made of white plastic. The gadget is powered by a built-in battery that is charged via a USB port.
The battery life of the night light is not indicated on the seller’s page. It is only known that the device consumes only 0.6 watts of energy. The lamp is attached to the wall using a magnetic washer, which, in turn, is glued to double-sided tape.
Buy LED Human Body Induction Night Light for only $3.50. | <urn:uuid:47343eba-1705-46d4-9e94-8b6f872712a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gadgetsrealm.com/news/led-human-body-induction-night-light-3-50-motion-sensor-night-light/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.945694 | 172 | 1.601563 | 2 |
#023 I interviewed Dr. Andrea Tasi to learn more about how cats have been “talking” to all of us over the years.
We explored how this amazing semi-wild species is perhaps the most sensitive one we see regularly, whether you are a veterinarian or not. Dr. Tasi has made a similar metaphor as I:
Cats are humanity’s “canary in the coal mine.”
I’ve written about them in this context over many years. The more they take part in conventional medicine, often in the name of prevention, the sicker they become. And that’s true both with individuals and the feline species itself.
What Andrea added to my earlier concerns was evidence that this trend of cats losing their health to “over prevention” had continued way further than I previously knew. Her revelations were like jet fuel tossed on my slow smoldering leaf fire of concern.
She being a 100% feline vet and a 100% homeopathic one at that, has insights for us all, regardless of species.
My original red flag came as hyperthyroidism became a thing sometime after my first decade of practice.
Where did that come from?? I’d never heard of it in four years of vet school nor in my next many years in private practice! Since then, it’s become quite common in cats. Surely it didn’t fall from the sky. No chronic disease does that, by the way. They are 100% man made.
Join us as we discuss choices you can make to maximize your cat’s health and get insights that will apply to all other species, including humans.
For related links, visit the show notes for this episode here: https://VitalAnimal.com/23 | <urn:uuid:df192df8-e850-498a-90f1-5d49d2f1fe4a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.buzzsprout.com/1315123/7609657-your-cats-actually-canaries?t=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.971557 | 372 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Witold Rybczynski’s recent post about the tragic fire at Notre-Dame de Paris provides an interesting summary of cathedral construction techniques over the years:
The Paris fire is also a reminder of what a weird hybrid structure Gothic cathedrals really are. The ancient Romans roofed their basilicas and baths with concrete vaults (the Pantheon with a dome), and the Byzantines used thin domes and vaults of brick. Over time, builders lost these skills and Romanesque cathedrals were roofed with exposed timber rafters like big barns. This made the buildings highly susceptible to fire, often caused by lightning strikes. The solution, pioneered at Durham Cathedral in the 11th century, was to build a lightweight ribbed stone vault over the nave. The timber roof remained, so the vault had no structural function (except to support itself) but it separated the interior from the flammable roof above. This was largely effective as the April 15 fire shows.
Below is an image from the WSJ depicting Notre-Dame’s timber rafters and showing the extent of the area consumed by the fire. Fortunately, relatively little of the cathedral was actually destroyed.
Going forward, there will almost certainly be a debate about how the roof and spire should be rebuilt. What materials and construction methods are appropriate for this emblem of Christianity and French culture?
But I agree with Witold in that “there is nothing inauthentic about rebuilding.”
It is common to lament that buildings simply aren’t built like they used to be. But this is not a new phenomenon. Construction methods change, as do the skills of builders.
There may have been critics in the 1220’s complaining about how the cathedral’s roof was built using wood, instead of concrete or brick vaulting. But that’s what was relevant at the time.
But Victor Hugo once wrote that, “great buildings, like great mountains, are the work of centuries.” Despite what unfortunately happened this week, that remains true of Notre-Dame de Paris. | <urn:uuid:4413a6d8-af5e-4002-a915-8a94fa966896> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brandondonnelly.com/2019/04/19/the-work-of-centuries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961098 | 435 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Rain Screen Cladding
Rain Screen Cladding is a construction facade rainscreen system which consists of the subframe and different finishes like cladding panels, brick, ceramic tiles, reconstituted stone boards, ceramic granite based on a natural stone, high-pressure laminates, composite aluminium panels, metal panels (aluminium, zinc, steel), fibre-cement board, or durable exterior woods.
Rainscreen cladding is the attachment of an outer skin of rear-ventilated cladding to a new or existing building. The system is a form of double-wall construction that uses an outer layer to keep out the rain and an inner layer to provide thermal insulation, prevent excessive air leakage and carry wind loading. The outer layer breathes like a skin while the inner layer reduces energy losses. The structural frame of the building is kept absolutely dry, as water never reaches it or the thermal insulation.
Facade is the largest installer of Kalzip standing seam roofing in Europe. Other metal roofing systems offered include composite panel and profiled metal systems, both providing economical alternative solutions.
Membrane roofing or reinforced rubberised bitumen systems for flat roof applications can be provided from the proven performance systems of Sarna and Permaquik.
To complete the roofing package, Facade offers a range of ancillary items including flashings, copings, gutters, downpipes, integrated rooflights and fabrications. From cost-effective rain screen cladding such as New French School at Dartford in North-West Kent and Brick ships Installation like New French School at Dartford.
We are able to demonstrate our proven design capability
The building envelope (or building enclosure) is the physical separator between the interior and the exterior environments of a building. It serves as the outer shell to help maintain the indoor environment (together with the mechanical conditioning systems) and facilitate its climate control. Building envelope design is a specialized area of architectural and engineering practice that draws from all areas of building science and indoor climate control.
The many functions of the building envelope can be separated into three categories:
- Support (to resist and transfer mechanical loads)
- Control (the flow of matter and energy of all types)
- Finish (to meet human desires on the inside and outside)
The control function is at the core of good performance, and in practice focuses, in order of importance, on rain control, air control, heat control, and vapor control.
Excellence in design & engineering can make or break a project. Our continual investment in this area has proved to be a major contributor to Facade success to date.
Our highly skilled team of designers nationwide are equipped with the very latest 3D/4D CAD technology. By working in close partnership with key system suppliers we are able to provide our clients with creative, yet practical design solutions as well as advice on systems choice, taking into account whole life project costing and all the design factors which impact on the building envelope such as building sustainability. | <urn:uuid:23796b7b-9680-4cac-b081-c47331cdaa50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.facadeconcepts.co.uk/services/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.924138 | 635 | 2.28125 | 2 |
- In 2005, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency agreed to investigate a civil rights complaint surrounding the permitting of a landfill in Tallassee, AL, where 98% of residents are African American. Now, environmental law group Earthjustice has filed a lawsuit against the EPA alleging that nothing has been done.
- The suit said the Stone’s Throw Landfill fouls the air, attracts pests and creates traffic congestion with dump trucks on rural streets.
- EPA’s Jennifer Colaizzi said the agency does not discuss ongoing litigation.
The original complaints to the EPA involved "discrimination by the states in granting permits that subject already overburdened low-income communities of color to more big-polluting facilities," according to an Earthjustice news release. Earthjustice alleges an "unreasonable delay" by the EPA in enforcing Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin by entities that receive federal funding.
This isn’t the first time civil rights issues have been raised about the siting of landfills in Alabama.
The Stone’s Throw Landfill has remained open since the EPA accepted the complaints in 2005. Residents deserve a timely consideration of their complaints as well as a full accounting of how landfill permits are issued. | <urn:uuid:a2d58c07-b233-4014-a6fd-1f6a8559baba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wastedive.com/news/lawsuit-alleges-epa-inaction-over-al-landfill-civil-rights-complaint/402561/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.930274 | 281 | 2.6875 | 3 |
In this blog post, we will take a look at the Baseball Tryout Evaluation Form. This form is designed to help you evaluate your skills and find out how good of a baseball player you are. The evaluations include information on hitting, fielding, pitching, throwing and catching. It also includes an evaluation for speed and strength which can be used as a guide for players who want to get faster or stronger before their next season starts! This form was created by Coach Jonny from TheSportsCoachSpot.
If you would like first find out how much time you will need to fill out the baseball tryout evaluation form and how many pages it's got, here is some detailed information that will be of use.
|Form Name||Baseball Tryout Evaluation Form|
|Form Length||2 pages|
|Avg. time to fill out||30 sec|
|Other names||baseball tryout evaluation form, baseball tryout evaluation app, baseball player evaluation form template excel, high school baseball tryout evaluation form|
Baseball Tryout Evaluation Form Excel.pdf
To download full version
"Baseball Tryout Evaluation Form Excel.pdf"
copy this link into your browser:
Baseball Skills Assessment Form - Sports Websites | League ...
... http://herndonbaseball.com/forms/Baseball_evaluation_form.pdf | ... The evaluation form uses a five ... as a pitcher or catcher should tryout.
Baseball Tryout Form
Baseball Tryout Form Name_____ Position ... following evaluation tool should be helpful eliminating a lot of criticism coaches get and can
BASEBALL EVALUATION SCALE
BASEBALL EVALUATION SHEET Name: Birthday Grade Address Height GPA Phone # Weight SAT Primary Position Bats st 60yd
Speed Home to 1 ...
Players will be put through a
completed form on ...
Baseball Tryout Evaluation - Hitters - eteamz
Baseball Tryout Evaluation - Hitters ... This form is provided for the coach to judge each player’s abilities during tryouts. We suggest that
for each area, ...
Basketball Tryout Evaluation Form - eteamz
Basketball Tryout Evaluation Form ... This form is provided for the coach to judge each player’s abilities during tryouts. We suggest that
for each area, ...
Baseball Scouting Form.
White Bear Soccer Club ALD Handbook
... Entire Age Level Tryout Assessment. 6. 3.2.3. Phase Three: Compiling Results. 6. 3.3. ... have coaches fill out Risk Management
Form/MYSA history check. 3 ...
LITTLE LEAGUE BASEBALL AND SOFTBALL
LITTLE LEAGUE ® BASEBALL AND SOFTBALL ... Umpire evaluation form. Example: An umpire who participated in a World Series in
2008 would again be eligible for ...
Basketball tryout form - Loveland Youth Basketball
Basketball Tryout Evaluation Form This form is provided for the coach to judge each player’s abilities during tryouts. ... Basketball tryout form.doc Author:
Elementary School Handbook Template
Aunti Hot Story
Concept Review Energy Transfer With Answers
Anatomy Spring Final Exam Answers
Character Education Bell Ringers
Cursive Writing Practice Sentences
Fill The Bill Bird Activity
Compass Learning Odyssey Thematic Projects Answers
African American Hymnal
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) | <urn:uuid:2a841a7c-1983-43ab-8e4c-f58aeba9a1a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://formspal.com/pdf-forms/other/baseball-tryout-evaluation-form/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.83957 | 954 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Connectors / Service / SharePoint
SharePointSharePoint is a web-based collaborative platform that integrates with Microsoft Office
SharePoint is a web-based collaborative platform that integrates with Microsoft Office. SharePoint is primarily sold as a document management and storage system, but the product is highly configurable, and usage varies substantially among organizations.
API INFO: The Base URL used for the SharePoint connector is https://[TENANT-NAME].sharepoint.com/_api. More information can be found on their main API documentation (v2.0) site.
Version 3.0 +
Within the workflow builder, highlight the SharePoint connector.
In the SharePoint connector properties panel to the right of the builder, click on the Authenticate tab and the 'New authentication' button.
This will result in a Tray.io authentication pop-up modal. The first page will ask you to name your authentication and select the type of authentication you wish to create ('Personal' or 'Organisational').
The next page asks you for your 'Tenant name', 'Tenant ID', 'Client ID', and 'Client secret' credentials.
The 'Tenant name' is your organization's domain that was created when you signed up with Microsoft SharePoint.
The 'Tenant ID' can be found in the Azure Active Directory on the Overview page.
In order to get the remaining credentials, you would need to register your app and give it the required permissions.
To learn more about registering your app refer to the Register SharePoint Add-ins document.
To register your app, go to:
Fill in the required fields as explained below:
Client Id: The 'Client Id' can be generated using the 'Generate' button beside the 'Client Id' field.
Client secret: You can generate the 'Client secret' using the 'Generate' button beside the 'Client Secret' field. The newly generated client secret should look similar to this:
Title: A user-friendly title for the application, for example,
Contoso photo printing add-in. Users are prompted to grant or deny the permissions the add-in is requesting. This title appears as the name of the add-in on the consent prompt.
App domain: The add-in domain must match the URL bindings you use for your web application. Do not include protocol
/ characters in this value.
Redirect URI: The redirect URI needs to be
Once you have added all the information, click on the 'Create button'.
Now the next step is to grant permissions to the newly created app by going to:
IMPORTANT!: The link that you have may not contain the 'admin' keyword as you can see in the above link. The link won't work without the admin keyword So, do not forget to add the
admin keyword after your tenant name.
Once you are redirected using the above link, to add the permissions, provide the 'App Id' that you have just created.
Once done, click on the 'Lookup' button. It will autoload all the information for the below fields except the permissions.
Add the permissions based on your need. To learn about the permissions refer to the Granting access using SharePoint document.
Once you have added these fields to your Tray.io authentication pop-up window, click the 'Create authentication' button.
Go back to your settings authentication field (within the workflow builder properties panel), and select the recently added authentication from the dropdown options now available.
Your connector authentication setup should now be complete.
Version 2.3 and earlier
Authentication for the Sharepoint connector version 2.3 and earlier is done through a simple OAuth2 login process.
Add authentication, you will be redirected to Sharepoint's login screen.
The examples below show one or two of the available connector operations in use.
Please see the Full Operations Reference at the end of this page for details on all available operations for this connector.
Notes on using SharePoint
The 'Upload file' operation can be used to create new files or update existing files.
To upload a file, the operation needs the following information.
Conflict behavior: The first input tells the workflow how to deal with conflicts. Conflicts happen when a file with a certain name already exists. The default behavior is to
Failthe operation to avoid overwriting the existing file.
If you do not want to overwrite the file but still want to upload the file, you can select the
Renameoption from the drop-down. This option will rename the file in the destination, usually by appending a number to the filename.
The last option is to overwrite the file. To overwrite the file, select the
Replaceoption from the drop-down.
Location: The second is the location of the file. This can anything from the provided options. Such as in the root directory of a site drive, or relative to an item in a site drive, such as a folder. Select appropriate value based on your situation.
File: The third input is the file itself. The input value for this field is mostly a jsonpath for the file from the previous connector or helpers such as
File path: The last input is a file path. This path will be set relative to the location, so if you choose a site drive as the location, this file path will be relative to that.
The download file operation takes in the location of a drive item. This can be a file in either a OneDrive, or a Sharepoint site drive.
Using the Raw HTTP Request ('Universal Operation')
As of version 3.0, you can effectively create your own operations.
This is a very powerful feature which you can put to use when there is an endpoint in SharePoint which is not used by any of our operations.
To use this you will first of all need to research the endpoint in the SharePoint API documentation, to find the exact format that SharePoint will be expecting the endpoint to be passed in.
Note that you will only need to add the suffix to the endpoint, as the base URL will be automatically set (the base URL is picked up from the value you entered when you created your authentication).
The base URL for SharePoint is: `https://[TENANT-NAME].sharepoint.com/_api`
IMPORTANT!: The base URL for SharePoint v2.3 is
https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0 as we migrated from the Microsoft Graph API to SharePoint API effectivley from version 3.0
For example, say that the 'List sites' operation did not exist in our SharePoint connector, and you wanted to use this endpoint. You would use the SharePoint API docs to find the relevant endpoint - which in this case is a
GET request called:
More details about this endpoint can be found here.
There is also the option to include a query parameter, should you wish to do so. So if you know what your method, endpoint and details of your query parameters are, you can get the site information with the following settings:
Query Parameter: Key:
Final outcome being: https://[TENANT-NAME].sharepoint.com/_api/v2.0/sites?search=Communication site | <urn:uuid:74f6eabc-bd7e-42d0-85e7-b280e26eabba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tray.io/documentation/connectors/service/sharepoint/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.844955 | 1,677 | 1.515625 | 2 |
When Dot Porter, co-principal investigator on the Bibliotheca Philadelphiensis project, sends you an email saying “I made a thing, ” you know it’s going to be glorious and you also know you’re about to head down the rabbit hole. Her current “thing” is a BiblioPhilly Randomizer, a sweet little script that pulls up a random image from among the tens of thousands of pages of medieval-y goodness currently on OPenn.
And oh, my, didn’t bibliophilly get lucky! The first random image to come up, pictured here, was The Temptation of Adam and Eve from Free Library of Philadelphia Lewis E123 (fol. 22v). Just feast your eyes on that! Eve is flaky, Adam needs a shave, and the serpent has breasts! (Late fifteenth-century French Book of Hours, more info at the link below.)
Randomize BiblioPhilly yourself here: http://tinyurl.com/bibliophilly-randomizer
Visit the OPenn page for Lewis E 123 and browse all the folios: http://openn.library.upenn.edu/Data/0023/html/lewis_e_123.html | <urn:uuid:d5befbb0-e4e7-4d5d-b704-6e0baa77d973> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bibliophilly.pacscl.org/and-now-the-bibliophilly-randomizer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.865983 | 270 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Stop invasive plants in their tracks
Published 3:21 pm Tuesday, May 8, 2018
Thickets of invasive plant species lurk in the landscapes and wilderness of Virginia. I dare say we’ll all have at least one surfacing this spring hoping to seize the territory. Invasive plants cause economic and ecological harm, posing a threat to Virginia’s forests, grasslands, wetlands and waterways.
Let’s take a look at three such villains noted with a high threat level for the coastal, piedmont and mountain regions. Gardeners need to be informed about invasive exotics and aware of best management practices (VCE publications 420-320, 420-321.)
The paradise tree (Ailanthus altissima) is commonly known as the tree of heaven. Its native range is northern China, but was introduced in the late 1700s as a fast-growing ornamental with the emergence of pleasure gardening and Colonial plant exchanges. This invasive releases phytotoxic substances that suppress the growth of other plants. With its rapid growth, prolific seed production and aggressive suckering habit, it soon forms colonies.
- Another plant to quickly suppress is Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum.) This annual, aka packing grass, was used as material for securing imports in the early 1900s. Pull it up wherever you find this aggressive invasive taking hold. In large growth areas, control by frequent mowing before this plant sets seed.
- Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) was first imported from Asia in the 1830s as mine reclamation plants to control erosion on disturbed hillsides. A mature plant can produce a fruit crop containing up to 200,000 seeds. With its aggressive growth habit, the autumnberry forms dense shady areas that prevent growth of nearby plants requiring sunnier conditions.
The Isle of Wight Master Gardener Helpline stands ready to assist with home gardener questions about invasives. This horticulture hotline is in operation on Wednesdays, 10 a.m.-noon, through September. Reach a MG volunteer by calling 356-1979. Leave a message if other timing fits better into your gardening schedule. Your call will be returned as soon as possible.
VCE sponsors this helpline to educate about horticultural resources and offer informed suggestions for the caller’s consideration. All volunteers are ready to share information based on training and experience. If you prefer to drop by the Extension Public Services Center with that “mystery” plant at 17100 Monument Circle, Suite B (Wednesdays, 10 a.m. to noon), please call ahead to 365-6261.
Also, check out the Extension webpage at pubs.ext.vt.edu/ for online references and useful publications. Note that commercial horticulturalists are encouraged to contact the IoW Extension Agent directly with questions or to report problems.
Stop invasives in their tracks. Helpful service is just a call or office visit away. Watch for plant clinics offered regularly this growing season. Events are open to all who care about the landscape and the plants we cultivate.
KRISTI HENDRICKS is a member of the Western Tidewater Master Gardeners. Contact her at email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:04ac5134-afb8-46df-9fa8-c222e6d64e55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.windsorweekly.com/2018/05/08/stop-invasive-plants-in-their-tracks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.921655 | 677 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Osteophytes is the medical term for bone spurs, the additional bone growths that your body may create for a number of reasons. Aging, arthritis, disc degeneration, traumatic injury, poor posture, overuse and other factors can cause your body to manufacture these excess bone formations.
Osteophytes can occur in numerous places in the body, but they are common along the spinal column. While they do not necessarily cause problems on their own, bone spurs can cause intense pain and debilitating side effects when they impinge on nerves or other bones, especially when they occur along the spinal column.
For instance, spine bone spurs – which are actually smooth formations despite the word “spur” – can cause severe neck and/or back pain, restricted movement, radiating arm and leg pain, weakness in the extremities, numbness and in some cases disability. If you’ve noticed any of these symptoms and wonder if bone spurs might be to blame, talk to your physician. An X-ray or other scan can determine if bone spurs are impinging on a nerve or other bone and causing you pain or other side effects.
As for bone spur treatment, your options can vary from medications, exercise and physical therapy, to traditional open back surgery. However, USA Spine Care is proud to perform minimally invasive procedures that can rid you of problematic osteophytes and ease the pain they cause. Best of all, our outpatient procedures result in a quicker recovery time, lesser chance of infection and a higher patient satisfaction score than many traditional, invasive methods.
Please contact USA Spine Care today for more information about our state-of-the-art facilities and procedures for osteophytes.
Browse Related Resources | <urn:uuid:1eacc8d0-fd3b-4816-8e43-361f27fd0322> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.usaspinecare.com/back_problems/spinal_bone_spurs/osteophyte/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.898066 | 357 | 2.671875 | 3 |
As technology has advanced over the last decade and a half, we have seen things that were never conceived in the older films about the “future.” It’s comical now to watch films and see people using phones with retractable antennae.
The popular idea for the future last century was “world peace” and “unity,” but it has become scaringly apparent that that is not happening in the 21st century. So, what we really need is a stronger police force; both mentally and physically.
When you think of the cop of the future, you’ll most likely visualize rayguns, rocket boots, and flying cars to chase down the telekinetic super villains. Lest we forget, the best offense is a good defense and that is what helps a law enforcement officer be the best he can be.Read more | <urn:uuid:22fdf027-6381-4205-bbb5-6a6fc448dee1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.gsalist.com/new-exoskeleton-body-armor-will-make-our-police-force-look-like-robocops/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.972732 | 179 | 1.75 | 2 |
The Bobby B. Lyle School of Engineering brings together the world's leading experts in fields including electrical and computer engineering, mechanical engineering, computer science, environmental and civil engineering, and operations research and engineering management . Not only are Lyle faculty at the leading edge of research and scholarship, they are widely regarded as some of the nation's best teachers and mentors. The more than 60 full-time faculty average 14 years of experience after receiving their doctorate.
All doctoral faculty teach bachelor's, master's, and Ph.D. courses. Lectures are designed, delivered and taught by faculty, not graduate students. Exams are generally designed, delivered and graded by faculty. The Lyle School strategically uses adjunct professors who work full-time in industry to teach certain specialty courses where industry viewpoints are particularly beneficial to the course content.
One key feature that distinguishes the Lyle School from others is a strong belief in "hands-on" instruction from all levels of the faculty―from the Dean's office to the laboratory assistants.
Because we maintain small class sizes, students have the opportunity to interact directly with some of the world's foremost professors throughout their academic career at SMU.
We maintain a high level of communication and "availability" between faculty and students. Every member of the Lyle faculty and staff strives to know each student―resulting in an ideal way to maximize learning experiences. | <urn:uuid:9a4cbb43-d1b1-4af0-9bc9-7d9850d5ff45> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.smu.edu/Lyle/About-Lyle/Faculty-Directory | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.958088 | 281 | 1.53125 | 2 |
The European Training Assessment Programme (ETAP) 2.0 certifies that:
The institution has radiology training standards according to the principles established in the ESR ETC (European Training Curriculum) and covers all aspects of education with all the modalities of imaging.
* Certification valid for 5 years
Silver Certificate: The institution has training standards that certify that the training in comparison with the standards established in the ETC (ESR European Training Curriculum) is adequate and covers all aspects of education.
Gold Certificate: The institution provides a standard training in accordance with the ETC (ESR European Training Curriculum) subspecialisation programme and basic research training.
Platinum Certificate: The institution provides an advanced training program of subspecialisation and research in accordance with the ETC (ESR European Training Curriculum) with all the modalities of imaging available.
Best practices from ETAP 2.0 assessed centres
We have selected and highlighted five key elements that reflect the training quality of these centres and that can be used as best practice indicators:
- Specialised teaching staff on site
- Personalised monitoring and supervision
- Outstanding supervision and mentorship for trainees
- Courses and training for Emergency Radiology
- Mandatory participation to multidisciplinary meetings
In terms of the training programme itself, the ETAP 2:0 has also identified five fundamental aspects that an effective training programme should have:
- The training programme should be aligned with the ESR’s ETC
- The training programme should be delivered by qualified staff
- The ideal length of training should be 5 years
- The training programme should offer research, management and leadership opportunities
- It should be able to prepare the residents for the European Diploma in Radiology (EDiR) as this provides radiologists with a certification of excellence, stating that the holder has a level of knowledge and competency in line with the ESR European Training Curriculum
Lastly, please see some tips that training centres should bear in mind in order to be fully in line with the ETC and therefore successfully pass the ETAP 2:0 evaluation:
- The training programme should last 5 years
- The residents should be familiar with the ESR’s ETC (at least know the essential parts)
- The national training programme should be aligned with the ESR’s ETC
- The use of a logbook to monitor if residents achieve and acquire the adequate knowledge, skills and competences is recommended
- The programme should facilitate the inclusion of informatics, ethics, management and communication in radiology | <urn:uuid:0ad5452d-1328-4b8e-b62b-c81445e1446a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.myebr.org/etap/accredited-training-programmes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.924888 | 535 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Veteran US diplomat Jeffrey Feltman will become Washington’s Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, the State Department said Friday.
“This appointment underscores the Administration’s commitment to lead an international diplomatic effort to address the interlinked political, security, and humanitarian crises in the Horn of Africa,” Secretary of State Antony Blinken said.
Feltman previously served at the State Department and most recently at the United Nations.
Among the most pressing issues, Feltman will deal with are the continuing conflict in Ethiopia’s Tigray region and escalating tensions between Ethiopia and Sudan.
The dispute between African nations over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is another conflict Feltman will be tasked with mediating, Blinken said.
“Special Envoy Feltman is uniquely suited to bring decades of experience in Africa and the Middle East, in multilateral diplomacy, and in negotiation and mediation to develop and execute an integrated US strategy to address these complex regional issues,” Blinken said.
The top US diplomat noted that “high-level US engagement” in the Horn of Africa was vital to mitigating the risks posed by the current conflicts in the area.
Feltman served as the under-secretary-general for political affairs at the UN after serving in the State Department for 26 years. Previous posts included being assistant secretary of state for Near Eastern affairs and US ambassador to Lebanon.
Reconciliation in the Horn of Africa under Emirati patronageFor several years, the strategic security of the Arab Gulf States has been in full swing in a way that is different than what it used to be. It is now ... Middle East
In a rare move, Biden taps two career diplomats for senior State Department rolesSome of the embassies that remain without a US ambassador are the United Kingdom, UAE, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Pakistan, Japan, Israel, India, Germany, France, Bahrain and Afghanistan World News | <urn:uuid:061ea2fc-4b01-4d93-a48b-084216e8bb21> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://english.alarabiya.net/News/world/2021/04/23/Veteran-diplomat-Jeffrey-Feltman-tapped-to-be-US-special-envoy-for-the-Horn-of-Africa | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.935733 | 406 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Ball bearings are one of the most important inventions of the industrial revolution, changing the entire manufacturing and related industries. Prior to the invention of ball bearings. Efforts made to move loads through machines using primitive methods of load carrying. These methods generated so much heat that it was difficult to cool the machine and replace damaged parts.
Ball bearing reduce machine damage by transferring the load. From the actual parts to small steel balls housed in two sleeves – an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. These sleeves protect the balls from direct pressure. And the pressure is transfer from the balls in the outer sleeves to the inner sleeves.
Depending on their intended use, different types of ball bearings are use in today’s industry. Namely roller bearings, and thrust bearings. Both types have been refine to absorb angular loads and have become tapered roller bearings and tapered thrust bearings. Visit also: Buy Miniature Ball Bearings
Thrust bearings are use to absorb high axial loads and are mainly used in vehicle transmissions and gears.
Bearings are based on a simple principle: rolling is easier than sliding because both contact surfaces have a smaller contact area. This reduces friction, unlike sliding, where the contact area is larger and therefore creates more friction.
The material of ball bearing is usually hard steel. This hardened steel is very strong and can withstand high pressures. However, the disadvantage of steel is that it wears out due to the high heat generated. And can break when exposed to high temperatures.
An alternative to steel is ceramic balls, which are known to be stronger than steel. And can withstand more heat than steel ball bearings. They do not wear out and are therefore use more frequently in applications that generate more heat.
Today, ball bearings are an indispensable part of any machine. But factors such as the heat and pressure generated must be taken into account when selecting the right ball bearing. In addition, each manufacturer has its own version of ball bearing, so do your research before ordering.
For details regarding ball bearings, please visit: https://www.abdultraders.com/ | <urn:uuid:6399e91f-d113-4c54-b5c9-22792845684f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://unitedgeeksofamerica.com/news-update/tips-for-using-ball-bearings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.93563 | 421 | 3.53125 | 4 |
This is Aspen’s Bauhaus year. Herbert Bayer, who trained at the Bauhaus school in Germany, came to Aspen in 1946 and, applying Bauhaus principles, used what he had learned to transform an-almost-out-of-business mountain town into a desirable destination. The Bauhaus was a design school that believed in uncluttered clarity in art and architecture. It opened in 1919, so this is its 100th birthday year. Bauhaus was closed by the Nazis after only 14 years. Nevertheless, it has gone on to have an international reputation as the best of German design. Bayer was one of the chief promoters of that reputation and Aspen benefited.
Herbert Bayer went to study at the Bauhaus School in 1921 but quit to work in advertising for 10 years before coming to the United States to escape Nazism. After making important social connections and establishing a relationship with Walter Paepcke, Aspen’s biggest fan, Bayer moved there and helped rejuvenate what was a shrinking mining town surrounded by potato farms that had fallen on hard times. Its population had dropped from 14,000 to 750, but the Wheeler Opera House was still there and both men saw Aspen’s potential for rebirth. Bayer began designing for Aspen in 1946 and stayed until 1985, when he moved to California. While in Aspen, he used Bauhaus design principles to create stationery, promotional materials, pins, ads with arresting images, books, even a fence-style only seen in Aspen. See the photo below. But perhaps his greatest contribution was the Bauhaus inspired campus he totally designed for the still functioning Aspen Institute. This project began in 1949, the same year the still functioning and better than ever Aspen Music Festival and School began. He designed the Aspen leaf logo. Born in Austria and an avid skier, Bayer created ski posters that are still cool. He designed the poster for the 1950 World Ski Championship held in Aspen, which became a Hollywood hangout attracting major stars like Gary Cooper. As the result of Bayer’s efforts, Aspen became known as an exciting town with excellent skiing.
There’s a Bauhaus exhibit at the Wheeler/Stallard Museum in a classic Aspen residence until April, 2020. Called “bayer to bauhaus: how design shaped Aspen”, it’s both comprehensive and excellent. Tours of the Bauhaus campus that Bayer designed are offered regularly. Other Bayer and Bauhaus events are being considered and scheduled all year.
ps In a little remembered historic occurrence, Aspen became the only already chosen Olympic site to turn down The Games. Denver bid on the Winter Olympics in 1976 and included Aspen as the ski venue, but voters in Colorado rejected a tax to fund The Games. | <urn:uuid:20bc7978-4e77-4ca1-a023-f48bc11bde53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://roads-rus.com/2019/10/21/bauhaus-and-aspen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.974373 | 586 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Up until recently, Scatter Plots, also known as Scatter Charts or Scatter Graphs seemed like an unnecessary type of chart to me.
I see it as an option among the other charts displayed during analysis. But I never intentionally used it because I did not fully understand its use, benefits and scenarios in which it can come in handy.
I’m sure there are a lot of people out there; beginners or advanced who do not know how to interpret scatter charts just like me once.
Don’t fret, I am here to break this seemingly confusing chart into fine bits for easy digestion and understanding.
By the end of this article, I’m confident that whoever is reading this will be able to properly identify the types of Scatter Plots there are and also be able to interpret them.
Scatter Plot is a type of graph that is used to examine the association or relationship between two measures/variables (i.e. x & y).
Saying relationship between two measures/variable or x and y is just a fancy technical way of saying “examine how one number affects the other”. How does Global Oil Prices affect a country’s GDP?
These variables are both numerical (i.e. number to number on the x & y axis) not numerical & categorical (which is usually what is used in bar plots, pie charts, etc.).
When we have 2 sets of variables, say for example we have Tanya’s age [2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10] and Tanya’s weight [15, 16, 18, 25, 27, 30, 40] over the years.
We can make use of Scatter Chart to compare both set of variables to check for what kind of relationship is present between them and know if one variable affects the other.
Each point/mark on a scatter chart indicates a position on both variables (x & y). That is, for example, when the age (x) is 2, the weight (y) is 15.
You can draw an imaginary line to connect the marks to the axis as shown below.
There could be a positive, negative or no relationship between both variables (we’ll look at these in a few).
There are 3 categories in which one can use to define the features of a Scatter Graph
The direction of a scatter plot can either be;
Using the Age – Weight chart as an example, when Tanya’s age increases, the scatter chart indicates that Tanya’s weight increases too. We call that a positive relationship.
Let’s assume the chart above is a plot with 2 sets of variables ‘Time Spent Watching TV’ & ‘Time Spent Studying’, the slope is negative because the more time spent watching TV, the less time there is to study.
There are 3 different patterns to observe when interpreting a scatter plot;
A relationship is linear if one variable increases by approximately the same rate as the other variables changes by one unit.It’s like saying, for example, the percentage increase in the weight of dumb bell results in approximately the same percentage increase in the prices.If a dumb bell weighs 10kg and sells at $5, and the 20kg dumb bell sells at $10, the 30kg dumb bell sells at $15 and the 40kg sells at $20 or say $18.That means, every time the weight doubles (100%), the price also doubles (100%) or nearly doubles.
Let’s assume the graph above represents the relationship between Tanya’s Age and her Working Memory.Her working memory increases throughout childhood, remains steady during adulthood and then decreases as old age approaches, thereby causing a final downward slope.
An example of this can be shown when a variable; ‘Tanya’s Age’ & another variable, ‘Price of Biscuit’ are plotted together.These variables will show no relationship because one has no effect on the other.
The strength refers to the degree of ‘scatter’ in the plot & they can appear to be:
The higher the correlation between 2 variables, the stronger the relationship.
An example of where you might find a perfect positive correlation as in the graph above would be if you were purchasing 1 biscuit for $2. As the number of biscuits increase, the amount of total cost increases.
A situation where you might find a strong positive correlation would be if you examined the number of hours students spent studying for a test vs. the grade received.There won’t be a perfect correlation because two people could spend the same amount of time studying & get different grades.But most likely, they would score higher marks when they study for longer hours. Hopefully.
Lastly, we cannot talk about Scatter Plots without mentioning Outliers.
Outliers are points that do not fit into a pattern that describes most other data points. They are usually far away from the rest of the values in the data set.
An outlier in a graph indicates an exception in the regular pattern and the cause of this irregularity can be investigated further by the observer.
To round this mini-tutorial up, let’s observe some charts together to be sure that the subject is well understood.
The trend appears to be:
Therefore, Scatter Graph 1 has a weak positive linear correlation.
We have now come to the end of this mini-tutorial. Did you learn a thing or two? You’re welcome.
Oh, and look forward to next week’s post where we’ll be learning how to make use of a Scatter Charts on Power BI.
Till then, take care. | <urn:uuid:ab7cd7f3-8cc5-4b46-96f9-ec7f6cfa5412> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://foresightbi.com.ng/data-visualization/how-to-interpret-scatter-charts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.930076 | 1,203 | 4.03125 | 4 |
Dr. Daniel Kelly is an Assistant Professor of Instructional Technology in the Department of Educational Psychology and Leadership in the College of Education at Texas Tech University. Dr. Kelly’s main research interest is using the integration of technology to enhance the educational and employment outcomes of at-risk and underrepresented student populations in a STEM context. His primary population of interest is children in foster care and other non-parental custody. Currently, Dr. Kelly is concentrating his focus on investigating ways to increase STEM education participation among underrepresented groups. He is the director of the Connecting STEM project a free online STEM education research and teaching repository.
Prior to his work at Texas Tech, Dr. Kelly was a Teaching Assistant Professor of Technology, Engineering, and Design Education at NC State. He has also served as a middle and high school science, technology and engineering teacher. His published book Falling Down allowed him to found The PUSH Initiative, a not-for-profit organization dedicated to raising funds to help under-served children and families where he serves as president and executive director. Falling Down is an account of his life as a teenager and is meant to help families put the issues they face into perspective. More information can be found at fallingdownbook.com. Proceeds from the sale of the book are being donated to organizations that help at-risk youth. | <urn:uuid:03f37b4e-46c8-4940-9bc5-95000f292c11> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drdanielkelly.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.967957 | 271 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Solar panels have a rating based on how much DC power it produces under standard test conditions, which just happens to be 1000 watts of sunlight per square meter of surface. But if you’re not at the equator at noon on a sunny day without cloud cover, your solar panels will never function ideally. The average solar panel produces about 200 watts of electricity. This varies from solar panel to solar panel based on the size and efficiency of the panel. What will actually determine the amount of energy a solar panel produces is the solar panel efficiency, solar panel size, and the amount of sunlight hitting the panel.
Solar Panel Efficiency
Shade, the direction and angle your solar panels are facing, and the surrounding temperature will affect how efficient solar panels will be. Panels placed in shaded areas will receive less sunlight and thus produce less energy. Temperatures above 77o F decrease the efficiency of a solar panel. And if you want your solar panels to absorb the most amount of sunlight, they must be placed at an angle of 10-60 degrees facing south, west, or east.
Solar Panel Size
The average size of an installed solar panel system is 5kW. On a sunny day, it should produce 5000 watts of power per hour. Larger solar panel systems will absorb more sunlight and produce more power and the opposite is true for smaller solar panel systems.
The hours of sunlight an area receives varies across the U.S. with some states experiencing as low as 4 hrs of sunlight and others receiving as much as 7 hrs of sunlight. The time of year and amount of cloud cover will also determine how much sunlight is available. As you’d expect more sunlight means your solar panels can produce more power. But if you live in an area with little sunlight, you can compensate for this by using solar panels with high solar panel efficiency. | <urn:uuid:d0111e03-79d7-4321-a4a6-5ed4acf5a7d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.solarpanel.education/much-energy-solar-panels-produce/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.918586 | 379 | 3.84375 | 4 |
Mineral Processing EPC+M+O
2000+ Serviced Mines, 500+Mine EPC+M+O Projects;
Covers 90+ Countries and Regions Throughout the World.
Yantai KZ Mining Processing Technology & Equipment Inc. was founded in 1997. Now it is a stockholding high and new technology enterprise to provide “Turn-key Solution for Mineral Processing Plant” including design and research, machine manufacturing, equipment procurement, management service, mine operation, mine materials procurement & management as well as industry resources integration. KZ takes an active part in the exploitation of mine resources worldwide, thus contributing to the regional development. The past two decades has witnessed its relentless efforts to build trust with its clients.
Serviced Mines Around the World
Mine EPC+M+O Projects
Export Countries & Regions
Mineral Processing Technologies
We devotes to providing “Turn-key Solutions for Mineral Processing Plant (EPC+M+O)”, namely “design and research - complete equipment manufacturing and procurement - commissioning and delivery - mine management - mine operation”. The essence of “EPC+M+O Service” is to ensure sound work in every link. The model is suitable for most of the mines in the world.
The Mongolia 1,000t/d gold mineral processing plant was an EPC+M+O project. Xinhai worked to achieve high recovery of gold and other valuable minerals by cutting costs...
Flotation is widely used in gold processing. In China, 80% rock gold is processed by flotation.
Coarse concentrate regrinding and re-separating improves the concentrate index; Determine concentrate regrinding and...
Nickel ore can be divided into copper sulfide nickel ore and nickel oxide ore. Flotation is the main beneficiation method when...
The density of tin ore is larger than the paragenetic mineral, so the mining process of tin ore apply gravity separation.
Manganese mineral belongs to the weak magnetic minerals, which can be recovered by high-intensity magnetic separator.
Xinhai has a design that ensures the minimum carbon gold loses during transmission. It lower the gold loses and the processing line is easy to maintain.
Before the adsorption of cyaniding pulp, remove the wood chips to avoid it adsorbs the gold and blocks the carbon screen.
The production line characterized by high efficiency and capacity, low energy consumption and reasonable economic costs.
The hematite processing line adopting stage grinding and stage separation for high... | <urn:uuid:7012bf1d-6c40-4bae-8e2c-ff912e409f8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://giraffelodge.co.za/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.892747 | 545 | 1.5 | 2 |
Below is a listing of the web-based tools available for property research in Union County. Each of the following tools contains a different type of information about property in Union County. Use this guide to find the appropriate tool to begin your property-related research.
MAPS - Browse a map of Union County and select properties or other data from the map. You may need to temporarily disable web browser pop-up blockers (Yahoo toolbar, Google toolbar, etc.)
Official Record - Search and view legal documents from the County Recorder's Official Record.
Parcel Search - Search and view real estate/appraisal information, GIS/mapping, property tax information, building sketches, tax levy information, and general land information.
Please note that the "Where Your Taxes Go" screen is temporarily under repair.
Survey Record - Search indexes and view survey documents from the County Engineer's Survey Record.
Subdivision Plats - Search and view County Engineer and County Recorder subdivision plat documents. Please note that NOT all subdivision plats are available online. The original subdivision plats are filed at the County Recorders office. Please contact the County Recorders office if you have any questions related to these records. | <urn:uuid:d6191abc-ad46-4e8b-83f3-f60c786734e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.unioncountyohio.gov/departments/Auditor/property-information | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.826554 | 247 | 1.59375 | 2 |
The Emergency Communications Center is a unit of the Decatur Police Department Administrative Operations Division. The Center is a multi-jurisdictional 911 PSAP (Public Safety Answering Point) providing emergency communications services for all of Macon County.
The Center is staffed by Emergency Communications Specialists (ECS) who receive and process both emergency and non-emergency calls for service 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Other Center personnel include the Emergency Communications Manager, Emergency Communications Supervisors, and a CAD System Coordinator.
In an effort to promote community awareness of 911, Emergency Communications Center personnel conduct 911 Awareness Presentations targeted at educating preschool through 6th grade children in the proper use of 911.
The staff of the Emergency Communications Center is committed to providing the best service possible to both the citizens and the user agencies of Decatur and Macon County, Illinois. | <urn:uuid:e38904f8-9395-4307-b1ec-af13737705eb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://decaturil.gov/police/about-ecc/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.915711 | 177 | 1.539063 | 2 |
I have a Java application that I am implementing following the MVC pattern.
I want to have a window (view) that contains a form which allows the user to add several text fields. There will also be a button that will allow the user to add more text-fields to the form.
I have several questions about this.
Will the code for adding new text-fields be considered part of the controller or the view?
- If controller, then this controller will not do anything to the model, it will just modify my view, so is this a violation of MVC?
- If view, then will it be a violation of MVC as the changes in view were not directed from the model? | <urn:uuid:f868802b-2d4a-409d-9922-a103e929ce7f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/146426/mvc-view-controller-interaction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.957828 | 146 | 1.765625 | 2 |
The founder – Prabhuji
Prabhuji is a writer, painter, avadhūta mystic, and the creator of the “Retroprogressive Yoga.” In 2011, he chose to retire from society and lead the life of a hermit. Since then, his days have been spent in solitude, praying, writing, painting, and meditating in silence and contemplation.
Prabhuji is the sole disciple of H.D.G. Avadhūta Śrī Brahmānanda Bābājī Mahārāja, who is himself one of the closest and most intimate disciples of H.D.G. Avadhūta Śrī Mastarāma Bābājī Mahārāja.
Prabhuji was appointed as the successor of the lineage by his guru, who conferred upon him the responsibility of continuing the line of disciplic succession of avadhūtas, or the sacred paramparā, officially designating him as guru and commanding him to serve as the successor Ācārya with the name H.D.G. Avadhūta Bhaktivedānta Yogācārya Ramakrishnananda Bābājī Mahārāja.
Prabhuji’s Hinduism is so broad, universal, and pluralistic that at times, living up to his title of avadhūta, his lively and fresh teachings transcend the boundaries of every philosophy and religion, even his own. The essence of his syncretic vision, Retroprogressive Yoga, is self-awareness and the recognition of consciousness. For him, awakening at the level of consciousness, or the transcendence of the egoic phenomenon, is the next step in humanity’s evolution.
Prabhuji was born on March 21, 1958, in Santiago, the capital of the Republic of Chile. When he was eight years old, he had a mystical experience that motivated his search for the Truth, or the Ultimate Reality, transforming his life into an authentic inner and outer pilgrimage. He has completely devoted his life to deepening the early transformative experience that marked the beginning of his process of retroevolution. For more than fifty years, he has dedicated himself to exploring and practicing various religions, philosophies, liberation paths, and spiritual paths. He has absorbed the teachings of great yogis, pastors, rabbis, monks, gurus, and saints whom he personally visited during his years of search. Living in various places, he has traveled the world thirsting for Truth.
Prabhuji is a recognized authority on Eastern wisdom. He is known for his erudition in the Vaidika and Tāntrika aspects of Hinduism and all branches of yoga (jñāna, karma, bhakti, haṭha, rāja, kuṇḍalinī, tantra, mantra, and others). He has an inclusive attitude toward all religions and is intimately familiar with Judaism, Christianity, Buddhism, Sufism, Taoism, Sikhism, Jainism, Shintoism, Bahaism, and the Mapuche religion, among others. He learned about the Druze religion directly from Salach Abbas and Kamil Shchadi.
His curiosity for western thought led him to venture into the field of philosophy. He studied with his uncle, Jorge Balazs, philosopher and author of The Golden Deer. He also studied with Jonathan Ramos, who is a philosopher, historian, researcher, and professor at the Catholic University of Salta. He also studied with Dr. Alejandro Cavallazzi Sánchez.
Prabhuji focused especially on aesthetics, metaphysics, the philosophy of life, the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of religion, and the philosophy of being. He holds a doctorate in Vaishnava philosophy from the respected Jiva Institute in Vrindavan, India, and a doctorate in yogic philosophy from the Yoga Samskrutum University.
His profound studies, his masters’ blessings, his research into the sacred scriptures, and his vast teaching experience have earned him international recognition in the field of religion and spirituality.
His spiritual search led him to study with different masters of various traditions and to travel far from his native Chile, to places as distant as Israel, India, and the USA. He has studied Hebrew and Sanskrit to deepen his understanding of the holy scriptures.
His father, Yosef Har-Zion, grew up under strict discipline because he was the son of a senior police sergeant. As a reaction to the education he received, Yosef decided to raise his own children with complete freedom and unconditional love. Prabhuji grew up without any pressure. During his early years, his father showed his son the same love regardless of his successes or failures at school. When Prabhuji decided to drop out of school in the seventh grade to devote himself to his inner quest, his family accepted his decision with deep respect. From the time his son was ten years old, Yosef talked to him about Hebrew spirituality. They engaged in conversations about philosophy and religion for days on end and late into the night. Yosef supported him in whatever he wanted to do in his life and his search for Truth. Prabhuji was the authentic project of freedom and unconditional love of his father.
At an early age and on his own initiative, Prabhuji began to practice Karate and to self-study philosophy and religion. During his adolescence, no one interfered with his decisions. He traveled practically the entire Chilean territory in search of interesting people to learn from.
In Chile in 1976, Prabhuji met his H.D.G Bhaktikavi Atulānanda Ācārya Swami, disciple of A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda, with whom he began the initial stage of his retroprogressive process. In those days, Atulānanda Swami was a young brahmacārī who held the position of president of the ISKCON temple at Eyzaguirre 2404, Puente Alto, Santiago, Chile.
Years later, Prabhuji was accepted by him officially as his disciple and received his first initiation and brahminical initiation. Finally, he was initiated by him into the sacred order of renunciation called sannyāsa within the Brahma Gauḍīya Saṁpradāya line of disciplic succession. H.H. Bhaktikavi Atulānanda Ācārya connected him to Kṛṣṇa and guided him in the wisdom of bhakti yoga, the practice of the māhā-mantra, and the study of the holy scriptures.
Prabhuji wanted to confirm his sannyāsa initiation also with the line of Advaita Vedanta. His sannyāsa-dīkṣā was confirmed by H.H. Swami Jyotirmayānanda Sarasvatī, founder of the Yoga Research Foundation and disciple of H.H. Swami Śivānanda Sarasvatī of Rishikesh.
In 1984, he learned and began to practice the Transcendental Meditation technique of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. In 1988, he took the kriyā-yoga course of Paramahaṁsa Yogananda, being officially initiated into the technique of kriyā-yoga by the Self-Realization Fellowship.
Prabhuji met his gurú, H.D.G. Avadhūta Śrī Brahmānanda Bābājī Mahārāja in Rishikesh, India, in 1996. Guru Mahārāja, as Prabhuji would call him, revealed to him that his own master, Avadhūta Śrī Mastarāma Bābājī Mahārāja, had told him years before he died that a person will come from the West and will request him to be his disciple. He commanded him to accept only that person and no one else. When he asked him how he will be able to recognize him, Mastarāma Bābājī replied, “By his eyes, you will recognize him. You must accept him because he will be the continuation of the lineage.”
From the first moment Guru Mahārāja saw Prabhuji, he recognized him and officially initiated him into the māhā–mantra in Rishikesh, India. The initiation he received marks the end of a quest that began with his mystical experience at the age of 8 and, likewise, marks the beginning of the most intense and mature stage of Prabhuji’s retrogressive process. Under the guidance of Guru Mahārāja, he deepened in Advaita Vedanta and grew in meditation.
The enlightened bābājī guided him in his first steps toward the sacred level of avadhūta. In March 2011, H.D.G. Avadhūta Śrī Brahmānanda Bābājī Mahārāja ordered Prabhuji, on behalf of his own master, to accept the responsibility of continuing the line of disciplic succession of avadhūtas. With such an appointment, Prabhuji is the official representative of the line of this disciplic succession for the present generation.
Beside his dikṣā-guru, Prabhuji studied with important spiritual and religious personalities, such as H.H. Swami Dayananda Sarasvatī, H.H. Swami Viṣṇu Devānanda Sarasvatī, H.H. Swami Jyotirmayānanda Sarasvatī, H.H. Swami Pratyagbodhānanda, H.H. Swami Swahananda of the Ramakrishna Mission, and H.H. Swami Viditātmānanda of the Arsha Vidya Gurukulam. The wisdom of tantra was awakened in Prabhuji by H.G. Mātājī Rīnā Śarmā in India.
In Vrindavan, he did in-depth studies on the path of bhakti yoga with H.H. Narahari Dāsa Bābājī Mahārāja, disciple of H.H. Nityananda Dāsa Bābājī Mahārāja of Vraja.
He also studied with some disciples of His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedānta Swami Prabhupāda: H.H. Kapīndra Swami, H.H. Paramadvaiti Mahārāja, H.H. Jagajīvana Dāsa, H.H. Tamāla Kṛṣṇa Gosvāmī, H.H. Bhagavān Dāsa Mahārāja, and H.H. Kīrtanānanda Swami, among others.
Prabhuji has been honored by many leaders of prestigious religious and spiritual institutions in India with various titles and diplomas. He was given the honorable title Kṛṣṇa Bhakta by H.H. Swami Viṣṇu Devānanda (the only title of Bhakti Yoga given by Swami Viṣṇu), a disciple of H.H. Swami Śivānanda Sarasvatī and the founder of the Sivananda Organization. He was given the title Bhaktivedānta by H.H. B.A. Paramadvaiti Mahārāja, the founder of Vrinda. He was given the title Yogācārya by H.H. Swami Viṣṇu Devānanda, the Paramanand Institute of Yoga Sciences and Research of Indore, India, the International Yoga Federation, the Indian Association of Yoga, and the Shri Shankarananda Yogashram of Mysore, India. He received the respectable title Śrī Śrī Rādhā Śyam Sunder Pāda-Padma Bhakta Śiromaṇi directly from H.H. Satyanārāyaṇa Dāsa Bābājī Mahant of the Chatu Vaiṣṇava Saṁpradāya.
Prabhuji spent more than forty years studying hatha yoga with prestigious masters in the field of classical and traditional yoga, such as H.H. Bapuji, H.H. Swami Viṣṇu Devānanda Sarasvatī, H.H. Swami Jyotirmayānanda Sarasvatī, H.H. Swami Satchidananda Sarasvatī, H.H. Swami Vignanananda Sarasvatī, and Śrī Madana-mohana.
He attended several systematic hatha yoga teacher training courses at prestigious institutions until he achieved the level of Master Ācārya. He has completed studies at the following institutions: the Sivananda Yoga Vedanta, the Ananda Ashram, the Yoga Research Foundation, the Integral Yoga Academy, the Patanjala Yoga Kendra, the Ma Yoga Shakti International Mission, the Prana Yoga Organization, the Rishikesh Yoga Peeth, the Swami Sivananda Yoga Research Center, and the Swami Sivananda Yogasana Research Center.
Prabhuji is a member of the Indian Association of Yoga, Yoga Alliance ERYT 500 and YACEP, the International Association of Yoga Therapists, and the International Yoga Federation. In 2014, the International Yoga Federation honored him with the position of Honorary Member of the World Yoga Council.
His interest in the complex anatomy of the human body led him to study chiropractic at the prestigious Institute of Health of the Back and Extremities in Tel Aviv, Israel. In 1993, he received a diploma from Dr. Sheinerman, the founder and director of the institute. Later, he earned a massage therapist diploma at the Academy of Western Galilee. The knowledge acquired in this field deepened his understanding of hatha yoga and contributed to the creation of his own method.
“Retroprogressive Hatha Yoga” is the result of efforts to improve his own practice and teaching. It is a system based especially on the teachings of his gurus and the sacred scriptures. Prabhuji has systematized different traditional yoga techniques to create a methodology suitable for the Western public. Retroprogressive Yoga aims for experiencing our true nature. It promotes balance, health, and flexibility through proper diet, cleansing techniques, preparations (āyojanas), sequences (vinyāsas), postures (asanas), breathing exercises (prāṇayama), relaxation (śavāsana), meditation (dhyāna), and exercises with locks (bandhas) and seals (mudras) to direct and empower prāṇa.
Since his childhood and throughout his life, Prabhuji has been an enthusiastic admirer, student, and practitioner of classic karate-do. From the age of 13, he studied different styles in Chile, such as kenpo and kung-fu, but specialized in the most traditional Japanese style of Shotokan. He received the rank of black belt (third dan) from Shihan Kenneth Funakoshi (ninth dan). He also learned from Sensei Takahashi (seventh dan) and practiced Shorin Ryu style with Sensei Enrique Daniel Welcher (seventh dan), who granted him the rank of black belt (second dan). Through karate-do, he delved into Buddhism and gained additional knowledge about the physics of motion. Prabhuji is a member of the Funakoshi’s Shotokan Karate Association.
He grew up in an artistic environment. His father, the renowned Chilean painter Yosef Har-Zion ZT”L, motivated him to devote himself to art from an early age. Thus, Prabhuji’s love for painting was developed from a young age. His abstract paintings reflect the depths of the spirit.
Since he was a young boy, he has been especially attracted to and curious about postal stamps, postcards, mailboxes, postal transportation systems, and all mail-related activities. During his life, he has delved into the study of philately and has taken every opportunity to visit post offices in different cities and countries. This interest and passion transformed him into a professional philatelist, a stamp distributor authorized by the American Philatelic Society, and a member of the following societies: the Royal Philatelic Society London, the Royal Philatelic Society of Victoria, the United States Stamp Society, the Great Britain Philatelic Society, the American Philatelic Society, the Society of Israel Philatelists, the Society for Hungarian Philately, the National Philatelic Society UK, the Fort Orange Stamp Club, the American Stamp Dealers Association, the US Philatelic Classics Society, and FILABRAS – Associação dos Filatelistas Brasileiros.
Based on his deep knowledge of philately and his vast wisdom in theology and oriental philosophy, Prabhuji created “Meditative Philately” or “Philatelic Yoga,” a spiritual practice that uses philately—which is the field of collecting, sorting, and studying postage stamps—as the basis for the practice of attention, concentration, observation, and meditation. Meditative Philately is inspired by the ancient Hindu maṇḍala meditation and it can lead the practitioner to elevated states of consciousness, deep relaxation, and concentration that promotes the recognition of consciousness. Prabhuji wrote his thesis on this new type of yoga, “Meditative Philately,” attracting the interest of the Indian academic community due to its innovative approach of connecting meditation with different hobbies and activities. For this thesis, he was honored with a PhD in Yogic Philosophy from the Yoga Samskrutum University.
He lived in Israel for many years, where he deepened his studies in Hebrew and Judaism. One of his main teachers and sources of inspiration was Rabbi Shalom Dov Lifshitz ZT”L, whom he met in 1997. This great saint guided him for several years in the intricate paths of the Torah and Chassidism. The two developed a very intimate and deep relationship. In addition, Prabhuji studied the Talmud with Rabbi Raphael Rapaport Shlit”a (Ponovich), Chassidism with Rabbi Israel Lifshitz Shlit”a, and delved into the Torah with Rabbi Daniel Sandler Shlit”a. Prabhuji is a great devotee of Rabbi Mordechai Eliyahu ZT “L, by whom he was personally blessed.
Prabhuji visited the USA in 2000 and during his stay in New York, he realized that it was the most appropriate country he had ever known to found a non-profit religious organization to preserve his teachings and literary work. He was particularly attracted by the pluralism and respectful attitude of American society toward freedom of religion. He was impressed by the deep respect of both the public and the government for religious minorities. After consulting with his master and requesting his blessings, in 2001 Prabhuji relocated to the United States. In 2003, the Prabhuji Mission was born, a Hindu church aimed at preserving Prabhuji’s universal and pluralistic vision of Hinduism and his “Retroprogressive Yoga.”
Although Prabhuji’s emphasis has not been on attracting followers, for 15 years (1995–2010), Prabhuji considered the requests of a few people to become monastic disciples. Those who chose to see Prabhuji as their spiritual master voluntarily accepted vows of poverty and life-long dedication to spiritual practice (sadhāna), religious devotion (bhakti), and selfless service (seva). Although Prabhuji no longer accepts new disciples, he continues to guide the small group of monastic disciples of the Ramakrishnananda Monastic Order that he founded.
In 2011, Prabhuji founded the Avadhutashram (monastery) in the Catskills Mountains in upstate New York, USA. The Avadhutashram is the headquarters of the Prabhuji Mission and the hermitage of Prabhuji and the monastic disciples of the Ramakrishnananda Monastic Order. The ashram organizes humanitarian projects such as the Prabhuji Food Distribution Program and the Prabhuji Toy Distribution Program. Prabhuji operates various humanitarian projects, inspired in his experience that “to serve the part is to serve the Whole.”
In January 2012, Prabhuji’s health forced him to officially renounce public life and stop managing the mission. Since then, he has lived in solitude, completely away from the public, writing and absorbed in contemplation. He shares his experience and wisdom in books and filmed talks. His message does not promote collective spirituality, but individual inner searching.
In 2022, Prabhuji founded the “Institute of Retroprogressive Yoga” in which his most senior disciples can systematically share Prabhuji’s teachings and message through video conferences.
Prabhuji is a respected member of the American Philosophical Association, the American Association of Philosophy Teachers, the American Association of University Professors, the Southwestern Philosophical Society, the Authors Guild, the National Writers Union, PEN America, the International Writers Association, the National Association of Independent Writers and Editors, and the National Writers Association.
The vast literary contribution of Prabhuji, Avadhūta Bhaktivedānta Yogācārya Ramakrishnananda Bābājī Mahārāja, includes books in Spanish, English, and Hebrew, including Kundalini Yoga: The Power is in you, What is, as it is, Bhakti-Yoga: The Path of Love, Tantra: Liberation in the World, Experimenting with the Truth, Advaita Vedanta: Be the Self, commentaries on the Īśāvāsya Upanishad and the Diamond Sūtra, and others.
To know more about Prabhuji, read his books and watch his lectures please visit his official website: | <urn:uuid:d5c43f93-6c3e-48a2-94b2-e646ab0eb0fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://avadhutashram.com/the-founder-prabhuji/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.96349 | 4,806 | 1.570313 | 2 |
I say at last, as I have seen numerous Yellow-browed Warblers at the Obs over the years, so perhaps I shouldn't get too excited about them. Perhaps it's because I am of a certain age and remember when this Siberian sprite used to be a mega! In fact over here in the northwest a Yellow-browed Warbler was the nearest you were going to get to finding your own 'Sibe'! Nowadays we usually expect 2 or 3 at least at the Obs and I don't think it will be long before we hit double figures in the autumn and perhaps that will be this year as we have had four today!
I called at the cemetery first thing this morning and it was fairly quiet with just four Redwings that I would consider as being grounded. The wind was a fairly stiff east-southeasterly and this made viewing conditions difficult as the trees were moving around quite a bit. However, as I was just putting my gear in the boot of my car before heading off to the coastal park I heard a Chiffchaff giving it's sub-song and two Goldcrests calling and I thought "hello"!
I had been in the park for just a few minutes when I caught sight of a small phyllosc moving through some Poplars. I lifted my bins and it was a Yellow-browed Warbler. I made a quick call to Ian and I was just about to try and get some shots of it when I heard somebody shout "is there anything about"? With that the YBW flew off and into some more distant cover! I turned round to see a visiting birder and thought about saying "there was until you shouted", but thought better of it!
This guy then followed me round everywhere chewing my ear off about everything he had seen over the past few days. What's happened to people's field craft today? He continued to name drop both birds and birders as I tried to escape! I heard the YBW calling and got some distant views, but none as good as the ones when this guy flushed it with his booming voice. Some council workers came into the park with mechanical kit and it was 'game over' for me and a sharp exit!
Oh, I nearly forgot besides the YBW there were a few other migrants in the park including ten Redwings, five Song Thrushes, four Goldcrests and a Blackcap. It's a couple of days of catching up on work for me now, but hopefully I'll get out on Friday. | <urn:uuid:72b0bd8a-3b0d-45da-b447-edbb8b5642fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fleetwoodbirder.blogspot.com/2016/10/a-yellow-browed-at-last.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.992049 | 517 | 1.664063 | 2 |
It’s Valentines day and what better way to celebrate than with a treat of Chocolates!!! So how did the relation of valentines day with chocolates come into being? I did some research and this is what I found……In 1861, Richard Cadbury created the first ever heart shaped box for Valentine’s day and the rest is history 🙂
Chocochip Cookies is a much in-demand treat in our household. Even J, who isn’t a chocolate fan loves this. You can always substitute the walnuts withcashew nuts, almonds or the likes.
- 1 - 1/4 cups Flour
- 1/2 teaspoon Baking soda
- 1/2 teaspoon Salt
- 1/2 cup Butter softened
- 1/2 cup Brown sugar
- 1/4 cup Sugar
- 1 Egg
- 1 teaspoon Vanilla essence
- 1 cup Chocolate Semi sweet chips
- 1/2 cup walnuts - (lightly toasted and chopped) (Optional)
- Preheat oven to 190C. Sieve flour, salt and baking soda.
- In a bowl, beat the butter and sugars till creamy. Add egg and essence. Blend the flour mixture well. Stir in chocohips and walnuts. Take a tablespoon of the dough and drop it 2" aparton a prepared cookie sheet. Bake for 10-12 minutes or till golden brown around the edges.
- Stores upto a week in a tight lidded container at room temperature. | <urn:uuid:23019f63-8b49-4e86-a830-b50da55dcb6e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mareenasrecipecollections.com/chocochip-cookies-recipe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.833582 | 329 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Today, there are numerous options for building your new home. Contractors, builders and designers are everywhere. Pre-drawn home plans are in the backs of nearly every home and garden magazine. New developments offer customization. The options are nearly endless. So why bother hiring an architect?
Good Design Matters
A home is a functioning, living space that can enhance and improve your quality of life when designed well. A well-designed home is beautiful, unique and proportional. It also must function according to your wants, desires and needs. It is custom to you, your family and your budget down to the tiniest detail. And design is the life-long obsession of an architect.
Professional & Licensed Service Matters
Licensed by the state, an architect is the only professional specially trained to design spaces for living and working from the design phase through construction. Architects spend their entire professional lives training to master the art of design and the practice of construction.
An Architect Has Your Best Interests At Heart
Above all, the architect is YOUR professional and serves as your advocate through the process. Designing and building a home can be a difficult and very complex process. Most consumers don’t understand everything from blueprints to site planning and fixtures to roofing specifications. Architects are experts in those things and will serve as your agent and representative when tough and complex decisions have to be made. Unlike contractors and subcontracts, their loyalty is to you and your vision for your home.
Architects Save You Money & Time
Architects spend their days keeping up with the latest construction methods, materials and technology. They can recommend the methods that best fit your budget and project. Your architect will also help you during the contractor bidding process, ensuring the price is fair and the services and expertise fit your project. Construction is expedited by your architect, who oversees planning, drawings and specifications. The architect serves as your agent with the contractor, resolving disputes that may arise and analyzing additional costs the contractor proposes.
Resources for Architects
Download the American Institute for Architects Guide: “You And Your Architect, A Guide For A Successful Partnership (PDF)”
Learn more about the value of an architect at at the American Institute for Architects’ web guide to architects
Interested in becoming an architect? We highly recommend the LSU School of Architecture. | <urn:uuid:418b6d5e-bfe1-4de7-ace5-02c58595ac0e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aljonesarchitect.com/what-we-do/why-hire-an-architect/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.953376 | 482 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Analytical techniques of atom probe-field ion microscopy (AP-FIM) and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) are well suited to the microcharacterization of microstructures. By combining AP-FIM with HREM, it is possible to obtain more accurate structural and chemical information of microstructures. This paper reports the first HREM observation of the tip specimen for AP-FIM analysis. In the present study, the advantage of the combined AP-FIM/HREM technique is demonstrated through the characterization of microstructures in a Mn-added TiAl intermetallic compound.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Surfaces and Interfaces
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Materials Chemistry | <urn:uuid:f65a7049-0e4f-47a6-a733-bf662a5e37b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/a-combined-ap-fimhrem-approach-to-the-characterization-of-microst | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.823702 | 162 | 1.726563 | 2 |
In our last FIGT focus blog on careers, member Doreen Cumberford shares the various perspectives gained from decades of working abroad.
By Doreen Cumberford
The last two years have revealed fast-moving trends in the field of global careers. Covid-19 has transformed our globe in so many ways and careers have become more portable, flexible and transferable. Careers also deliver a combination of hindsight, foresight and insight.
The globally mobile lifestyle offers so much variety, novelty and complexity that this challenges our old ideas and mindset that a person needs to have a consistently focused decades long career. Careers are transforming as fast as or faster than humans. Modern careers are required to span geography, decades, and cultures. Yet institutions, governments and missions rely on stable personnel to deliver consistent productivity along the way. Technology has created a career revolution. When a two-career family or partnership is involved, the level of complexity grows exponentially.
There is a story where someone asks a wise man, “Tell me sir, in which field could I make a great career?”, to which he answered,
“Be a great human being. There is a lot of opportunity in that area and very little competition.”
While life always serves up opportunities to be better human beings, is it possible that this could be the purpose for a career also?
More of us are becoming digitally and geographically mobile throughout all stages of life. Remote work has never been this popular and people who have been shackled to a desk for decades are now waking up to the novelty, freedom, and possibilities of international travel paired with work. There used to be niches previously populated by diplomatic and mission services, corporate expats, NGOs, military etc. who had no choice of location. The job and the country was dictated by the institution, now more jobs and locations are selected by the individual.
After University in Glasgow, Scotland I was actively looking for a career that would also give me the benefits of surfing the globe and joined the British Diplomatic Service. Four decades, eight countries and four continents later I achieved that, just not in the way I had anticipated. It took leaping from government to corporate to entrepreneurship and cobbling together skills and passions along the way.
I was pretty sure my career had died when I moved to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1992. As a first-time mother and trailing spouse, I loved staying home for a season but a few short years later I was ready for more self-expression in the form of a career.
More humans are now discovering geographical freedom in a way we have never witnessed before. This is disrupting the way we have thought about work and occupations in general. There are basically two questions we can ask regarding careers.
Where can my career take me?
Where can I take my career?
More and more people are asking the second question “where can I take my career?”.
In the US alone there are 10.9 million people who would describe themselves as digital nomads. This is an increase of 49% since 2019, just a few short months ago! While the majority are Millennials ranging from between 25 and 40 years of age, the average age of a digital nomad in 2021 is 32 years old.
There was also a substantial rise in Baby Boomers (aged 57-75 years old) who chose to become what I call “Slowmads”, nomads traveling slowly. These are seniors many are former expats (like me), who simply decline the option to be rooted to only one place. Many are still vibrant, capable and have not given up their curiosity and love of learning to retire to a rocking chair.
In many cases Boomers have extended their careers by simply transforming their skillset, mindset, and attention to freelance and consulting work. To that they have added a decision to live overseas again either part or full time. They are combining what they fondly call side-hustles with their previous corporate skills and making unlikely contributions designed to connect the globe and while making their unique difference. It is frequently inspiring to listen to their stories and get an inkling into their wisdom.
Yesterday I chatted to one of these “Slowmads”. He is currently in Mexico for six months awaiting changes in the Vietnamese visa system that will permit him to return to Vietnam for the following six months. With time, talent, and resources on his hands he is using his corporate experience to build an initiative specifically for mural artists. His vision, is to provide a clearing house for artists across the globe with opportunities for them to travel, take their portable skills and offer services in other countries.
While the world seems shut down from many perspectives, if we look carefully there is massive activity and surprising social migration. From marketing teams to magicians, doctors to data-base experts, people are discarding their desks and making geographical leaps into our lane, the global transition lane.
While many new digital nomads are choosing this overseas lifestyle to improve work/life balance, or seek adventure, the outcome is always predictable, there will be much to learn and reflect on. This transforms into insight.
As Families in Global Transition we stand at the threshold of welcoming a new community of fellow travelers who live in transition. We can open the tent flap, invite people in and share all the decades of wisdom, reflection and experience that reside within our hearts and minds.
But what are the greatest gifts here? I believe they are a combination of the elements that our careers have deposited along the road. Perhaps the real question should be, how are our careers leading us to become better human beings?
Insight frequently arrives in the form of reflection. As we have traversed the globe, we have either packed our careers and taken them with us, or we have gone where the career led. Many of us have done both and now share, shine, and shore up the value of all the life lessons that are built into a global lifestyle.
Perhaps hindsight, foresight and insight are in fact what makes the world, and our careers go around. Let’s use our globalness for good. | <urn:uuid:4c64aac7-457d-4b82-9a1d-8eb444c25546> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.figt.org/blog/12175499 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.971497 | 1,273 | 1.585938 | 2 |
ENT 1200 - Live Sound Production I
Live Sound Production I introduces students to the concepts and creation of technical skills required for live events. Topics covered during the course include the operation and interconnection of components of a basic sound system to include consoles, amplifiers, speakers, processors and microphones. Upon successful completion of the course, students should be able to apply entry-level concepts of sound setup and operation for a medium-scale event.
Lecture Hours: 2
Lab Hours: 2
Prerequisites & Notes
Note: Course not designed for transfer.
Click here for Summer 2022 course scheduling information.
Click here for Fall 2022 course scheduling information.
Click here for course textbook information.
Add to Catalog (opens a new window) | <urn:uuid:0084b916-fa5f-4823-9dbd-4b0aaf97369b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://catalog.northeaststate.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=29&coid=28723 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.837522 | 164 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Tell us what’s happening:
Describe your issue in detail here.
Your code so far
var myFirstname = "W";
var myLastname = "B";
I don't see the problem with this code that I wrote.
Your browser information:
User Agent is:
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:97.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/97.0
Challenge: Declare String Variables
Link to the challenge:
Welcome to the forum.
You almost have it. Reread the instructions carefully:
Create two new string variables: myFirstName and myLastName and assign them the values of your first and last name, respectively. | <urn:uuid:17e25a3a-fb7a-41d1-ae0e-2d8254d7e11d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/assigning-a-variable/497638 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.889258 | 288 | 1.695313 | 2 |
• Parents must report absence via Arbor, ring the school office or email email@example.com on the first day of child’s absence giving the reason why he or she is not in school. If we do not hear from parents then a phone call or text is sent by the school office to the parents.
• If a child is absent but we don't know the reason why, we will make every effort to contact parents/carers and emergency contacts. If, by 12pm, we have still not been able to make contact we will either arrange for our Parent Support Advisor or Attendance Officer to carry out a home visit, or we will contact the police and/or social services.
• Parents who are continually having to be chased for an explanation for their child’s absence will be notified that unless contact is received all absences will be unauthorised and a referral to the Education Welfare Service (EWS) may be made.
• Children arriving after 9.25am, unless for a notified reason (e.g. doctor’s appointment), will be recorded as having an unauthorised absence.
• Attendance is celebrated termly by the Head Teacher or Deputy Head Teacher in Achievement Assemblies
• The attendance of all pupils is monitored regularly by the Head Teacher and school office. If your child's attendance falls below 90% we will follow the procedures below:
• Stage 1 - School Intervention. School office will call parents, if no reason is known, to ascertain reason for absence. If they are unable to make contact with a parent we will instruct our PSA (Parent Support Advisor) or Attendance Officer to make a home visit.
If no improvement proceed to Stage 2
• Stage 2 - Parent Support Advisor Intervention. PSA (Miss McCullough) will contact parents to offer support and intervention to improve attendance.
If no improvement proceed to Stage 3
• Stage 3 - Meeting with Head Teacher. School invite parents to meet with Head Teacher to outline need for improvement. If no improvement a referral will be made to SEAAS.
If no improvement proceed to Stage 4
• Stage 4 - South Eastern Attendance Advisory Service (SEAAS) Intervention. SEAAS to contact parents via phone, letter or home visit. Parents are invited into school for a meeting with SEAAS and an action plan will be drawn up. This will run for 3 weeks and then be reviewed.
If no improvement proceed to Stage 5
• Stage 5 - Official Warning letter. SEEAS will send a letter with 15-20 day warning to improve attendance. If attendance has improved, we will be in contact with parents and monitor attendance.
If no improvement proceed to Stage 6
• Stage 6 - Pre prosecution. Parents will be invited to a Pre prosecution meeting and will be offered the last opportunity to improve attendance or the matter will be referred for Prosecution.
If no improvement parents referred to Court.
Long Term Absence
• Where a child is off sick for more than 5 consecutive school days then medical evidence might be requested (e.g. a copy of the prescription).
• If no proof of illness is provided then the absence will be recorded as unauthorised and could lead to a referral to the Education Welfare Service.
Term Time Holidays
September 2013 amendments to the Education (Pupil Registration) (England) Regulations (2006) state that Headteachers may not grant holidays of any description. Furthermore, Headteachers may not grant any leave of absences during term time, unless there are exceptional circumstances.
If you feel you need to remove your child from school due to exceptional circumstances, please submit any requests to the school office. | <urn:uuid:d82d2920-21f1-4331-9f0f-cc7fb187188b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gravelhillschool.co.uk/Parents/Absences/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.923658 | 769 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare
Why healthcare cannot—and should not—become data-driven, despite the many promises of intensified data sourcing.
In contemporary healthcare, everybody seems to want more data, of higher quality, on more people, and to use this data for a wider range of purposes. In theory, such pervasive data collection should lead to a healthcare system in which data can quickly, efficiently, and unambiguously be interpreted and provide better care for patients, more efficient administration, enhanced options for research, and accelerated economic growth. In practice, however, data are difficult to interpret and the many purposes often undermine one another. In this book, anthropologist and STS scholar Klaus Hoeyer offers an in-depth look at the paradoxes surrounding healthcare data.
Focusing on Denmark, a world leader in healthcare data infrastructures, Hoeyer shares the perspectives of different stakeholders, from epidemiologists to hospital managers, from patients to physicians, analyzing the social dynamics set in motion by data intensification and calling special attention to that which cannot be easily coded in a database. He illustrates how data can be both helpful, overwhelming, and sometimes disastrous through concrete examples. The Covid-19 pandemic serves as a special closing case study that shows how these data paradoxes carry weighty political implications. By revealing the diverse and sometimes contradictory practices spawned by intensified data sourcing, Data Paradoxes raises vital questions about how we might better use healthcare data. | <urn:uuid:b1efdd10-71bc-47f3-9169-e4dc4407718b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sicm.mitpress.mit.edu/books/data-paradoxes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.921107 | 322 | 1.78125 | 2 |
This is a guest article written by Food Tank Advisory Board Member Jonathan Bloom. Bloom is the author of American Wasteland and creator of the blog “Wasted Food.” Find him on Twitter at @wastedfood.
Last month, Michigan State University history professor, Helen Veit, wrote a killer piece for The Atlantic on leftovers. While its title—“An Economic History of Leftovers”—won’t send pulses racing, its contents will. In fact, the piece should be required reading for anyone with a refrigerator. Yes, that means you. As a Tupperware-toting leftover lover, I just had to hear more about the process of researching and writing about this oh-so-polarizing topic. And with Thanksgiving’s surfeit of surplus nearly upon us, what better time to ponder leftovers than now?
Jonathan Bloom (JB): You’ve mentioned that researching leftovers was not terribly easy- why was that?
Helen Veit (HV): Researching the history of leftovers was challenging for a couple of reasons. In the nineteenth century, people didn’t use the word “leftovers” or any other consistent term to describe food left behind from one meal to the next. People then dealt with leftovers all the time – constantly, in fact – but I had to do a lot of reading and skimming in early cookbooks to get a sense of people’s different strategies for using up leftover food. Even once the term “leftovers” was coined around the turn of the twentieth century, discussions of them appeared all over the place, not just in cookbooks or articles focused on leftovers exclusively. So I had to hunt for them.
JB: The advent of home iceboxes and, later, electric refrigerators brought revolutionary changes for leftovers. How did they alter our approach to leftovers in mindset and practice?
HV: Refrigeration transformed the way people approached leftovers. Cold storage let people preserve the same foods for days on end, even highly perishable foods like dairy, eggs, or meat. This meant that the identical meal could appear on tables over and over, making it more obvious to people that they were eating leftovers (instead of, say, having a stew incorporating scraps from yesterday’s dinner). Iceboxes and refrigerators relieved the pressure of having to use up foods immediately, but in turn this meant that a forgotten container of leftovers might languish in the back of the refrigerator for weeks. Another big result of home refrigeration was that within a single generation, American cooks stopped using a whole repertoire of home-preservation techniques like salting, smoking, drying, and pickling.
JB: Could it be that at some point, leftovers were actually…cool? When was that and what prompted that status?
HV: Working with leftovers – especially coming up with novel ways to repackage them, such as transforming them into an altogether new dish – was pretty fashionable for middle-class cooks in the middle of the twentieth century, roughly from the 1930s through the 1950s. Making leftovers appealing (and even fooling reluctant family members into eating them, if necessary) was a way for home cooks to show off their kitchen chops, their creativity, and their good domestic management skills.
JB: From what you discovered, what one person was the most significant proponent of leftovers?
HV: A lot of cookbook writers were singing the praises of leftovers in the mid-twentieth century, but one who sang louder than others was a cookbook author named Ruth Berolzheimer. Not too many people know about her today, but she was enormously popular in the mid-twentieth century. She was so popular, in fact, that she is still one of the bestselling cookbook authors in American history. Berolzheimer loved leftovers. She wrote at least one cookbook devoted exclusively to them – 500 Delicious Dishes from Leftovers, published in 1940 – and leftovers show up all the time in her more general cookbooks, too. She was an apostle of the idea that leftovers could be glamorous and cool, and that using up leftovers was a testing ground for cooks’ ingenuity.
JB: What’s one thing you enjoyed about researching leftovers and one that you didn’t?
HV: This project was really fun, and I can’t think of a low point. I can easily think of a high point, though: my favorite single moment was when I got to look through every single edition of The Joy of Cooking in the great culinary collection at Michigan State University.
JB: As a food historian, how do you assess public opinion on a certain topic, in this case, leftovers?
HV: Assessing public opinion – what regular people thought about any topic – is one of the trickiest things for historians to figure out, since most people historically did not leave written records about their thoughts on food or anything else. In this case, I did a lot of reading in newspapers, magazines, cookbooks, radio transcripts, home economics texts, and reports from government field workers. I also did some reading between the lines. For example, when I noted that in the 1960s people in large numbers started making jokes about the dreariness of leftovers and cookbook authors started feeling that they had to urge readers not to disdain leftovers, that was a sign to me that public opinion about leftovers was shifting.
JB: Are you a leftover lover? If so, what are your go-to moves? If not, what’s wrong with you?! (kidding)
HV: As you guessed, I hate wasting food and I do my best to use up leftovers before launching into new cooking projects. My go-to move is lunch. Any leftovers from dinner get parceled out into lunchboxes, which usually makes for a healthier and cheaper meal than you’d get by eating out or turning to convenience foods, anyway. If I just have leftover odds and ends, I try to incorporate them in something like a soup or a stir-fry. This being said, however, I don’t mess around with food safety, and if a container of leftovers got overlooked for more than a few days, it goes into the compost.
JB: Your next book, Small Appetites, will be about how American children have become increasingly picky eaters. In your research, have you uncovered any guesses on how much pickier today’s children are and, thus, how much plate waste has increased in the last 50 or 100 years? And have you seen anything about decreased tolerance for leftovers amongst kids?
HV: Absolutely. Chronic pickiness was rare among children a hundred years ago and before. Obviously, that’s changed. Today, a child turning up his or her nose at a plate of food is a regular occurrence in many families, and that rejected food often gets thrown away. One thing that’s changed over the last hundred years is that food has become ever cheaper and more widely available for Americans, and tolerance of both plate waste and picky eating have increased as a result, for both children and adults. The idea that children don’t like leftovers has also been around for a while. Starting in the 1950s and 1960s, a powerful stereotype emerged about husbands and children not liking the leftovers that overeager wives and mothers were foisting upon them. | <urn:uuid:03bf1fab-e6d5-4c7f-83d6-886c28cec92b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://foodtank.com/news/2015/11/the-hunt-for-leftovers-required-reading-for-anyone-with-a-refrigerator/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.973174 | 1,560 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Historic Preservation District
The City of Frankenmuth’s Historic Preservation District Commission (HPDC) consists of five (5) commission members appointed by the Mayor and approved by City Council. Commissioners are appointed to a three-year term, with memberships eligible for renewal at the completion of those terms. Interim vacancies shall be filled, by appointment of the Mayor, subject to confirmation of the legislative body, for completion of the unexpired term.
Members of the Historic Preservation District Commission are residents of the City of Frankenmuth. Two of said members shall be appointed from a list of citizens submitted by the Frankenmuth Historical Association, with the remaining members including; one (1) resident architect duly registered in the State of Michigan; one (1) member of the City Planning Commission; one (1) member of the City Council. In the event that membership in the Commission cannot be filled through the recognized selection process, then membership may be filled by citizens at-large through appointment. When possible, memberships at large should be filled by residents within the Historic District.
The Commission is to elect its own Chairman, Vice-Chairman, and Secretary. A full description of the Historic Preservation District Commission’s administration, operations, and enforcements are held within Chapter 54 of the City’s Zoning and Planning Code. | <urn:uuid:0976ddcd-0381-4ec5-ac09-a9333a681bf8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.frankenmuthcity.com/government/hpdc/index.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.955721 | 274 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Understanding video content with the aid of natural language, e.g.
, describing the video content by natural language or grounding language in the video, has drawn considerable interest in both computer vision and natural language processing communities. This kind of task is challenging since it needs to not only understand the video and the sentence separately but also their corresponding interaction. Recently, a core task of this area calledNatural Language Video Localization (NLVL) Gao et al. (2017); Hendricks et al. (2017) has been proposed. As shown in Figure 1 (a), given an untrimmed video and a natural language query, NLVL aims to localize the video segment relevant to the query by determining the start point and the end point. NLVL is a worth exploring task due to its potential applications, e.g., video content retrieval Shao et al. (2018) and video question answering Lei et al. (2018); Xiao et al. (2020); Ye et al. (2017).
A straightforward solution for NLVL is the anchor-based approach Gao et al. (2017); Hendricks et al. (2018); Liu et al. (2018b); Chen and Jiang (2019); Ge et al. (2019); Xu et al. (2019); Zhang et al. (2019); Chen et al. (2018); Wang, Ma, and Jiang (2020), which follows the same spirit of anchor-based object detectors, e.g., Faster R-CNN Ren et al. (2015). Specifically, this kind of method places a number of size-fixed bounding boxes on the temporal dimension of the video, and then matches each candidate with the sentence in a common feature space, as shown in Figure 1 (b). They model the segment-level information of proposals and transforms the localization problem into a multi-modal matching problem. However, it is worth noting that they suffer from two inherent drawbacks: (1) In order to achieve higher recall, a vast number of proposals are required, which makes the subsequent matching process inefficient. (2) Moreover, they have to elaborately design a series of hyper-parameters (e.g., the temporal scales and sample rate) of the bounding boxes so that they can be adaptable to video segments with arbitrary length.
To tackle these issues, another type of solution called the anchor-free approach Chen et al. (2020); Chen and Jiang (2019); Yuan, Mei, and Zhu (2019); Lu et al. (2019); Zhang et al. (2020a); Opazo et al. (2020); Mun, Cho, and Han (2020) has been proposed. As shown in Figure 1(c), instead of depicting the probable video segments as temporal bounding boxes, anchor-free methods directly predict the start and the end boundaries of the query-related video segment or predict the positive frames between the ground-truth boundaries. Benefit from this design, the anchor-free methods get rid of placing superfluous temporal anchors, i.e., they are more computation-efficient. They are also flexible to adapt to diverse video segments without the assumption of the position and the length of the ground-truth video segment. Unfortunately, despite these advantages, there is one main factor that strictly limits the performance of anchor-free methods: they overlook the rich information between start and end boundaries because they are hard to model the segment-level interaction.
In this paper, we propose a two-stage end-to-end framework termed Boundary Proposal Network (BPNet)
, which inherits the merits of both the anchor-based and anchor-free methods and avoids their defects. Specifically, we first generate several high-quality segment proposals using an anchor-free backbone to avoid redundant candidates, then an individual classifier is proposed to match the proposals with the sentence by predicting the matching score. Compared to anchor-based methods with abundant handcrafted proposals, our design decreases the number of candidates thus alleviating the redundant computation burden. By utilizing an anchor-free method to generate proposals, our approach can be adaptable to video segments of arbitrary lengths without designing the heuristic rules. In addition, compared with anchor-free methods, our BPNet is capable of better modeling the segment-level information via a visual-language fusion module. Furthermore, our proposed framework is a universal paradigm, which means each stage of the framework can be replaced by any stronger anchor-free and anchor-based models to further boost the performance.
We demonstrate the effectiveness of BPNet on three challenging NLVL benchmarks (i.e.
, TACoS, Charades-STA, and ActivityNet Captions) by extensive ablative studies. Particularly, BPNet achieves new state-of-the-art performance over all three datasets and evaluation metrics.
Natural Language Video Localization.
The task of natural language video localization (NLVL) aims at predicting the start and end time of the video moment depicted by a language query within the untrimmed video, which was introduced inHendricks et al. (2017); Gao et al. (2017). Current existing methods can be roughly grouped into two categories according to how the video segments are detected, namely anchor-based methods and anchor-free methods.
The anchor-based approaches Gao et al. (2017); Hendricks et al. (2017, 2018); Liu et al. (2018b, a); Xu et al. (2019); Zhang et al. (2019) solve the NLVL task by matching the predefined video moment proposals (e.g., in sliding window manner) with the language query and choose the best matching video segment as the final result. Gao et al. (2017) proposed a Cross-modal Temporal Regression Localizer (CTRL) model. It takes video moments predefined through sliding windows as input and jointly models text query and video clips, then outputs alignment scores and action boundary regression results for candidate clips. Hendricks et al. (2017) proposed the Moment Context Network (MCN) which effectively localizes natural language queries in videos by integrating local and global video features over time. To improve the performance of the anchor-based method, some works devote to improve the quality of the proposals. Xu et al. (2019) injected text features early on when generating clip proposals to eliminate unlikely clips and thus speed up processing and boost performance. Zhang et al. (2019) proposed to explicitly model moment-wise temporal relations as a structured graph and devised an iterative graph adjustment network to jointly learn the best structure in an end-to-end manner. The others mainly worked on designing a more effective multi-modal interaction network. Liu et al. (2018b) utilized a language-temporal attention network to learn the word attention based on the temporal context information in the video. Liu et al. (2018a)
designed a memory attention model to dynamically compute the visual attention over the query and its context information. However, these models are sensitive to the heuristic rules (e.g., the number and the size of anchors) and suffer from inefficiency because of the dense sampling video segment candidates.
The anchor-free approaches Yuan, Mei, and Zhu (2019); Lu et al. (2019); Chen et al. (2020, 2018); Zhang et al. (2020a) directly predict the probabilities for each frame whether the frame is the boundary frame of the ground-truth video segment. Without pre-defined size-fixed candidates, anchor-free approaches are flexible to adapt to the videos with variant length. Yuan, Mei, and Zhu (2019) directly regressed the temporal coordinates from the global attention outputs. Zhang et al. (2020a) regarded the NLVL task as a span-based QA problem by treating the input video as a text passage and directly regressed the start and end points. In order to further improve the performance, some works focus on eliminating the problem of imbalance of the positive and negative samples. Lu et al. (2019) and Chen et al. (2020) regarded all frames falling in the ground truth segment as foreground, and each foreground frame regresses the unique distances from its location to bi-directional ground truth boundaries. Our BPNet focuses on the other weakness of the anchor-free approach that it is hard to model the segment-level multi-modal features. BPNet takes both frame-level and segment-level visual information into consideration to further improve the performance.
solving the NLVL task by reinforcement learning, which formulates the selection of start and end time points as a sequential decision making process.Anchor-based and Anchor-free Object Detection. The development of NLVL is inspired by the success of object detection approaches. Object detection aims to obtain a tight bounding box and a class label for each object. It can be categorized into anchor-based and anchor-free approaches according to the way to localize an object. Traditional anchor-based models Ren et al. (2015); Dai et al. (2016) have dominated this area for many years, which place a series of anchors (bounding boxes) uniformly and do the classification and regression to determine the position and class for the objects. Recently, researches on anchor-free models Law and Deng (2018); Duan et al. (2019) are becoming prosperous, which have been promoted by the development of keypoint detection. The anchor-free methods directly predict the keypoints and group them together to determine the object. By the comparison of the two approaches, anchor-free methods are more flexible to locate objects with arbitrary geometry but have lower performance in contrast to the anchor-based methods because of the misalignment of keypoints. Duan et al. (2020) presented an anchor-free two-stage object detection framework termed CPN that extracts the keypoints and composes them into object proposals, then two-step classification is used to filter out the false positives. The BPNet borrows the similar idea from CPN which inherits the merits of both anchor-free and anchor-based approaches.
We define the NLVL task as follows. Given an untrimmed video as and a language query as , where and are the number of video frames and query words, NLVL needs to predict the start time and the end time of the video segment described by the language query . For each video, we extract its visual features by a pre-trained 3D ConvNet Tran et al. (2015). For each query, we initialize the word features using the GloVe embeddings Pennington, Socher, and Manning (2014).
As shown in Figure 2(c), our framework operates in two steps: boundary proposal generation and visual-language matching. Specifically, in the first step, it uses an anchor-free method to extract video segment proposals. In the second step, it fuses each segment proposal with the language and computes a matching score. The proposal with the highest matching score will be chosen as the correct segment.
In this section, we introduce the architecture of our BPNet. In Section Boundary Proposal Generation, we first describe the boundary proposal generation phase. In Section Visual-Language Matching, we then present the visual-language matching phase. Finally, in Section Training and Inference, we show the training and inference processes of BPNet in detail.
Boundary Proposal Generation
The first stage is an anchor-free proposal extraction process, in which we generate a series of video segment proposals. Different from the existing anchor-based approaches, our generated proposals are of high quality because we utilize an effective anchor-free approach. We follow the anchor-free backbone of Video Span Localization Network (VSLNet) Zhang et al. (2020a), which addressed the NLVL task as a span-based QA task. It is worth noting that our proposed BPNet is a universal framework that can incorporate any other anchor-free approach.
The first stage of BPNet consists of three components:
Embedding Encoder Layer. We use a similar encoder in QANet Yu et al. (2018). The input of this layer is visual features and text query feature . We project them into the same dimension and feed them into the embedding encoder layer to integrate contextual information.
where , are project matrices. Notice that the biases for transformation layers are omitted for clarity (the same below). As shown in Figure 3
, the embedding encoder layer consists of multiple components, including four convolution layers, multi-head attention layer, layer normalization layer and feed-forward layer with the residual connection. The output of the embedding encoder layerand are refined visual and language features that encode the interaction inside each modality.
Visual-Language Attention Layer. This layer calculates vision-to-language attention and language-to-vision attention weights and encodes the two modal features together. Specifically, if first computes a similarity matrix , where the element indicates the similarity between the frame and the word . Then the two attention weights and are computed:
where and are the row and column-wise normalization of . We then model the interaction between the video and the query by the cross-modal attention layer:
where is the element-wise multiplication, and is the concatenation operation. The FFN represents feed-forward layer. The output of this layer encodes the visual feature with query-guided attention.
Proposal Generation Layer. After getting the query-guided visual feature , we now generate proposals by using two stacked LSTMs, the hidden states of which are fed into two feed-forward layers to compute the start and end scores:
where and are the hidden states of the and ; and
denote the logits of start and end boundaries computed by a feed-forward layer.
Then, we compute the joint probability of start and end points using matrix multiplication:
are probability distributions of the start and end boundaries.is a two-dimensional score map whose element indicates the predicted probability of each video segment, e.g., denotes the score for the segment from start boundary to end boundary . We sample the highest position on the score map and treat the corresponding segments as candidates.
Visual-Language Fusion Layer. Given video segment candidates for video , we capture the candidate features from the visual feature in Eq. (1). The generated video segment candidates have different lengths in the temporal dimension, hence we transform the candidate features into identical length using the temporal weighted pooling. We also obtain sentence-level query feature by weighted pooling over the word-level features. Then, we fuse them by concatenation followed by a feed-forward layer.
where and are learnable weights and is the concatenation operation. This layer is to encode the segment-level information of video and fuse the visual and language feature for the subsequent process.
Matching Score Rating Layer.
Taking the multi-modal feature as input, this layer predicts the matching score for each video segment proposal and the language query. The most matched proposal will be chosen as the final result. This layer consists of two feed-forward layers followed by ReLU and sigmoid activation respectively:
where indicates the predicted matching score of the -th candidates. We argue that the matching scores are positively associated with the temporal IoU scores between candidates and the ground-truth video segment. Therefore, we use the IoU scores as the ground-truth labels to supervise the training process. As a result, the matching score rating problem turns into an IoU regression problem.
Training and Inference
Training. Each training sample consists of an untrimmed video, a language query and the ground-truth video segment. Specifically, for each video frame with the frame-level feature, two class labels indicated whether or not the frame is the start or the end boundary are assigned. For each segment candidate with the segment-level feature, we compute the temporal IoU between the candidate and the ground-truth segment as the matching score.
There are two loss functions for the boundary proposal generation stage and visual-language matching stage:
Boundary Classification Loss:
where the is a binary cross entropy loss function. and are ground-truth labels for the start and end boundaries.
Matching Regression Loss:
where is a loss function and is the ground-truth temporal IoU scores.
Thus, the final loss is a multi-task loss combining the and , i.e.,
where is a hyper-parameter that balances the two losses.
Inference. Given a video and a language query, we forward them through the network and obtain segment candidates with their corresponding matching scores . Then, we rank the and select the candidate with the highest score as the final result.
We evaluate our BPNet on three public benchmark datasets: 1) Charades-STA Gao et al. (2017): It is built on Charades and contains 6,672 videos of daily indoors activities. Charades-STA contains 16,128 sentence-moment pairs in total, where 12,408 pairs are for training and 3,720 pairs for testing. The average duration of the videos is 30.59s and the average duration of the video segments is 8.22s. 2) TACoS: It consists of 127 videos of cooking activities. For video grounding task, it contains 18818 sentence-moment pairs in total. Followed by the split setting in Gao et al. (2017), we use 10,146, 4,589, 4,083 for training, validation and testing respectively. The duration of the videos is 287.14s on average and the average length of the video segments is 5.45s. 3) ActivityNet Captions Krishna et al. (2017): It contains around 20k open domain videos for video grounding task. We follow the split in Yuan, Mei, and Zhu (2019), which consists of 37,421 sentence-moment pairs for training and 17,505 for testing. The average duration of the videos is 117.61s and the average length of the video segments is 36.18s.
Following the prior works, we adopt “R@, IoU=” and “mIoU” as evaluation metrics. Specifically,“R@, IoU=” represents the percentage of the testing samples that have at least one of the top-N results whose IoU with the ground-truth is larger than . The “mIoU” means the average IoU with ground truth over all testing samples. In all the experiments, we set = 1 and .
We down-sample frames for each video and extract visual features using C3D Tran et al. (2015)
network pretrained on Sports-1M. Then we reduce the features to 500 dimension by PCA. For language query, we initialize each word with 300d GloVe vectors and all word embeddings are fixed during training. The dimension of the intermediate layer in BPNet is set to 128. The number of convolution blocks in embedding encoder is 4 and the kernel size is set to 7. The number of boundary proposals is 128 for training and 8 for testing. For all datasets, we trained the model for 100 epochs with batch size of 32. Dropout and early stopping strategies are adopted to prevent overfitting. We implement our BPNet on Tensorflow. The whole framework is trained by Adam optimizer with learning rate 0.0001.
Comparisons with the State-of-the-Arts
Settings. We compare the proposed BPNet with several state-of-the-art NLVL methods on three datasets. These methods are grouped into three categories by the viewpoints of anchor-based and anchor-free approach: 1) Anchor-based models: VSA_RNN, VSA_STV, CTRL Gao et al. (2017), ACRN Liu et al. (2018a), ROLE Liu et al. (2018b), MCF Wu and Han (2018), ACL Ge et al. (2019), SAP Chen and Jiang (2019), QSPN Xu et al. (2019), TGN Chen et al. (2018), MAN Zhang et al. (2019). 2) Anchor-free models: L-Net Chen et al. (2019), ABLR-af, ABLR-aw Yuan, Mei, and Zhu (2019), DEBUG Lu et al. (2019), ExCL Ghosh et al. (2019), GDP Chen et al. (2020), VSLNet Zhang et al. (2020a). 3) Others: RWM He et al. (2019), SM-RL Wang, Huang, and Wang (2019).
The results on three benchmarks are reported in Table 1 to Table 3. We can observe that our BPNet achieves new state-of-the-art performance over all metrics and benchmarks. Table 1 summarizes the results on Charades-STA. We can observe that BPNet outperforms all the baselines in all metrics. Specifically, we observe that BPNet works well in even stricter metrics, e.g., BPNet achieved a significant 2.59 absolute improvement in firstname.lastname@example.org compared to the second result, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our model. For a fair comparison with VSLNet Zhang et al. (2020a), we use both C3D and I3D Carreira and Zisserman (2017) visual features. VSLNet is a typical anchor-free model with state-of-the-art performance whose architecture is roughly described in Figure 2 (a). Specifically, we implement the VSLNet with C3D feature followed the settings they reported. VSLNet extracts the frame-level feature using the backbone of QANet and utilizes two LSTM to classify the start/end boundary. Our model outperforms VSLNet in all metrics on Charades-STA. It is mainly because that BPNet better models the segment-level visual information between the boundaries.
The results on TACoS and ActivityNet Captions are summarized in Table 2 and Table 3. Note that the videos in TACoS have a longer average duration and the ground-truth video segments in ActivityNet Captions have a longer average length. BPNet significantly outperforms the other methods on both benchmarks with the C3D feature, which demonstrates that BPNet is highly adaptive to videos and segments with diverse lengths. The qualitative results of BPNet is illustrated in Figure 4.
It is worth noting that BPNet can utilize a more effective anchor-free backbone such as Zhang et al. (2020b); Zeng et al. (2020) to further improve the performance. Even so, we take into account the simplicity and efficiency and choose the VSLNet as the backbone.
|Methods||Length of Windows||num||mIoU|
|BPNet w/o vlf||55.05||34.78||18.84||37.92|
In this section, we conduct ablative experiments with different variants to better investigate our approach.
Anchor-based vs. Anchor-free. To evaluate the effectiveness of our two-stage model, we compare BPNet with both anchor-free and anchor-based models. For a fair comparison, we designed an anchor-based model with the same backbone as BPNet. Specifically, we sampled a series of bounding boxes over the temporal dimension and conduct the following matching process. Since VSLNet has the same backbone as BPNet, we use it as the anchor-free setting.
Results. The results of the three models are reported in Table 4. We can observe that our BPNet outperforms all the baselines with the same backbone. In particular, we observe that our implementation of the anchor-based model works well on looser metrics (e.g., anchor-based) while the anchor-free model does better on strict metrics. We think that’s because the anchor-based model has wider coverage bounding boxes. BPNet performed better than both models over all metrics.
Quality of the Candidates. We compare the quality of the candidates generated by our BPNet and by dense sampling bounding boxes. The results conducted on TACoS are reported in Table 5. In the anchor-based setting, we perform bounding boxes uniformly on video frames. The lengths of sliding windows are 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128, window’s overlap is 0.75. We evaluate the anchor-based model with different window lengths, which results in variant number of candidates. We notice that our BPNet only generated 8 candidates which are much less than the anchor-based setting but achieved a higher performance. This indicates that BPNet can generate high-quality candidates.
With vs. Without Visual-Language Fusion Layer. We evaluate the model without multi-modal fusion before matching score rating. For a fair comparison, we use the multi-modal features in Eq. (3) for this setting. From Table 6, we can observe that the Visual-Language Fusion Layer improves the performance. The main reason is that the multi-modal fusion layer is able to model the segment-level video-query interaction.
In this paper, we propose a novel Boundary Proposal Network (BPNet) for natural language video localization (NLVL). By utilizing an anchor-free model to generate high-quality video segment candidates, we disentangle the candidate proposals from the predefined heuristic rules to make them adaptable to video segments with variant lengths. Furthermore, we jointly model the segment-level video feature and query feature, which further boosts the performance. As a result, the proposed BPNet outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches on three benchmark datasets. Moreover, BPNet is a universal framework which means that the proposal generation module and the visual-language matching module can be replaced by any other effective methods. In the future, we are going to extend this framework into other related tasks, e.g., visual grounding Chen et al. (2021).
This work was supported by the National Key Research & Development Project of China (2018AAA0101900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U19B2043, 61976185), Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation (LR19F020002, LZ17F020001), Key Research & Development Project of Zhejiang Province(2018C03055), Major Project of Zhejiang Social Science Foundation (21XXJC01ZD), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
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- Zhang et al. (2020b) Zhang, S.; Peng, H.; Fu, J.; and Luo, J. 2020b. Learning 2D Temporal Adjacent Networks for Moment Localization with Natural Language. In AAAI, 12870–12877. | <urn:uuid:701218f2-7bfa-46b9-a75d-ea5747f033c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deepai.org/publication/boundary-proposal-network-for-two-stage-natural-language-video-localization | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.822555 | 9,325 | 2.03125 | 2 |
The Observatory of Politics and Social Networks of the Central University (UCEN) stressed that opinions among people are divided regarding the approval or disapproval of the new Constitution proposal. In this same context, they highlight that during the previous government of Sebastián Piñera the need arose to create a new constitutional text in the context of a social explosion.
Almost two years have passed to date after the national plebiscite held in October 2020, and perceptions towards the work of the convention have not been without criticism, despite the high expectations of the constituent process expressed in the high turnout of the plebiscite. with 50.9% and the numerous approval of the new constitution with 78.27%. However, the first week of the publication of the constitutional draft, the situation changed considerably, lowering its approval. According to the Cadem survey, a Chilean market research and public opinion company, 37% approve of the draft, 17% are undecided and 46% oppose its publication.
And while it is true that the different conjunctural episodes have, in part, negatively favored the evaluation of the convention, it is also correct to identify which part of the conversation generates that the process is being spoken of badly. In this sense, from the UCEN observatory, in its report entitled “First draft and the Constitutional Convention: its impact on the Digital Political Territory”, they detail that there is a strong influence of messages that do not refer directly to the draft itself or to the work that has given in the different commissions, but rather, it focuses on conjunctural issues or even “political entertainment”.
According to the broadcast of the conversation, Internet users value the convention negatively with 49%, however, only 3% refer to or talk about the draft, while 97% only report on the convention.
“The reason for this phenomenon is due to the controversies and controversies in which the constituents have been involved since the beginning of the process, situations such as that of Rojas Vade contributes to the doubt of the quality of the constituents and, therefore, Likewise, the extension of the term for the publication or the extraordinary commission carried out in the city of Antofagasta, these are events that have contributed to the increase in mistrust towards the institutions, disbelief that should be reduced with the creation of the draft “, they point out from the Observatory of Politics and Social Networks of the UCEN.
Regarding the most mentioned topics in the conversation of the digital political territory, they were fundamental rights with 1.3%, where they rejected the health and pension system, while 0.5% of democracy referred to the right to property, concluding with 0.5% in the justice system alluding to children’s rights.
In short, with the publication of the draft, social networks were activated, where the most frequently mentioned terms in the conversation about the convention are the following:
In the context of the most mentioned topics, four words stood out, such as “Draft”, “New”, “Rejection” and “Constitutional”. Along this same line, it was evident that the first word is the most alluded to because there is a conversation about voting informed, about reading the draft. Also, there is little difference in the conversation between what is approval and rejection. Regarding the above, “one can make a guess about what the September plebiscite will be like, where a narrow difference is expected at the polls.”
Finally, the mention of the constituents in the cloud makes a link with what was discussed in image three, since during the process the assessment of the constituents from the beginning has been negative, obtaining various criticisms in its production and the lack of of seriousness in the process, which has been a relevant factor in the drop in its estimate.
Now, the most mentioned words or terms within the constitutional draft:
The most recurrent terms are found within the constitutional draft, among them are: “Rights”, “Regions”, “Justice” and “Participation”. The foregoing is related to the demands of the population, the social rights that should be enshrined in the constitution, greater autonomy and participation of the regions, justice that has always been in question and, in addition, citizen participation.
In this way, the need arises after having information on the most mentioned terms, to know the assessment of this draft:
After the delivery of the draft of the new political constitution of Chile to the citizens, Internet users expressed themselves with 47% of the conversation in a neutral tone, that is, they did not hold a position on the subject. In this same framework, a large amount of informative conversation about the process or simply to instruct people about what is being discussed is detected, for example, in days of deliberation on the draft using the hashtag #nuevaconstitución frequently, the The number of neutrals is reflected in the people who have not yet taken a stand for their decision, which may be because they have not read the draft or simply are not interested in it.
It is necessary to mention that, regardless of the discontent of the population towards the constituents, the percentage of acceptance is 39%. While their counterpart is 14%, mainly alluding to the use of profanity and denigration towards the process, in both cases they are championed by the hashtags #apruebodesalida and #exit rejection.
Regarding the categorization, with the nine topics that are part of the draft and that were analyzed in the conversation, “others” significantly highlighted that in this case the discussion goes beyond the draft. Therefore, the process is informative, similar to what is analyzed in the percentage of neutrals in the graph of image six. Similarly, the conversation about democracy stands out, which tends to be more common, since it is what the draft raises.
The Observatory of Politics and Social Networks of the UCEN called the attention of highlighting the topic of the environment with 0.4%, since in recent years the topic has been in constant conversation to position itself within the issues of importance. Also, 2.1% mention the rights of indigenous peoples, where there is a polarization on the subject with a diversity of tweets that support a constitution that includes indigenous peoples in it. However, a part of the tweets indicates that it is a hoax for indigenous peoples.
“Consequently, after the analysis it can be determined that the convention is less valued than the draft, due to the controversies and controversies in which the constituents have been involved since the beginning of the process. Now, the conversation about the new constitution has been extensive before and after the constitutional draft”.
Within the cloud of words about the new Magna Carta of the country, they highlighted main concepts such as: “I approve”, “I reject”, “Read” and “All”, it is possible to link these words with the vote that will be generated as a result of the Plebiscite of Departure on Sunday, September 4, 2022. Situation in which it is essential that citizens read this new constitution so that they can vote in an informed manner. Since, being close to the publication of the second part of the draft, it is necessary to be informed for its better understanding.
It is worth mentioning that, based on the data analyzed, both the government cabinet and President Gabriel Boric issue digital messages regarding the new constituent process. Both parties express approval of the Constitutional Convention process as well as of the new constitution.
Within the digital communication of the President of Chile, Gabriel Boric, the concentration of 4% of the emission of messages related to the work of the Constitutional Convention was evidenced. Regarding their communication on Twitter, it represents a low percentage of attention. However, his content on this body is varied and mainly his messages are aimed at supporting the process and delivering various aid from his position as president, managing to obtain 40%. In turn, in this same direction, the president has joined the pedagogical efforts on the constituent work, providing relevant information on the process to citizens, a situation that is reflected with 24%. Finally, another important point to highlight is the support for the fight against false news and disinformation that have been generated about the work of the constituent body, having 9%, the same work that different conventional ones have implemented.
Likewise, President Boric’s tweet can be highlighted, which had a greater acceptance and diffusion on the platform, where he refers to the support he gives towards the constituent process and encouraging citizens to participate in the instances to debate.
From the government portfolios, the constituent communication is not far behind, since the different ministers have dedicated part of their messages on Twitter to the process.
The new mandate of President Gabriel Boric and the establishment of a new ministerial cabinet have affected, in a certain way, the acceptance of the constitutional convention. The foregoing is due to the fact that since the creation of the commissions, only three of their ministers have dedicated a significant percentage (compared to the rest) to talk about the constituent process before the draft came out.
On the one hand, the Minister of Justice and Human Rights, Marcela Rios, led with 20% with communication on the constituent process, who through her social networks referred to issues, such as, for example, the strengthening and modernization of institutions. Also, she mentioned the facilitation of access to justice for all from parity and plurinationality.
One of his most important Tweets on the subject is related to one of the milestones of the convention, the first 6 months of work and a message of encouragement and thanks to the direction of the body at that time.
On the other hand, the Minister of Cultures, Arts and Heritage, Julieta Brodsky, obtained 12% of conversation about the constituent process in her broadcast, where she stressed the importance of the principle of decentralization as well as local knowledge and cultures, which which links her directly to the portfolio that she would assume later from the government.
At the same time, one of his most relevant tweets on the social network is related to his participation in conventional work and a show of support for the process.
Finally, with 9%, the Minister of National Assets, Javiera Toro, emphasized collaboration to face the housing emergency and advance in the restitution of indigenous lands.
While in one of his most recent messages on the Constitutional Convention he shows signs of support for the process from an informative function, rejecting the use of false news to delegitimize the body and its results, in said tweet he links his message to the words of the leader.
However, there were five ministers who remained on the sidelines of the constituent work, going so far as not to publish or issue comments on the process, including Mario Marcel, Minister of Finance, part of the political committee of the Boric government. | <urn:uuid:be0b2f71-d586-4782-930f-6923c4062e1b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://latin-american.news/most-of-the-detractors-of-the-new-constitution-in-social-networks-have-not-read-the-draft-only-3-point-to-the-text-issued-by-the-cc/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961129 | 2,234 | 1.578125 | 2 |
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