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An anti-gerrymandering protest in Washington, D.C. in October, 2017. (Photo: Olivier Douliery, Getty Images)
An effort to take the power to draw Nevada’s political boundary lines away from the Legislature and place it in the hands of an independent redistricting committee has been officially resurrected for the 2022 election cycle.
Sondra Cosgrove, who led a failed effort to get the same proposal onto the 2020 ballot, believes her group, Vote Nevada, has a better chance at qualifying for the ballot this time around.
Their proposal would create an independent redistricting commission that every 10 years would be tasked with redrawing the boundary lines of Nevada’s state legislative and congressional districts. That task is currently relegated to the Legislature and therefore a highly political process. Redistricting also largely happens behind closed doors because the Legislature exempted itself from state open meeting laws.
The redistricting commission would have seven members: four appointed by legislative majority and minority leadership and three additional members appointed by the first four appointees. The members cannot be current or recent politicians, candidates or lobbyists, and they cannot have been registered to one of the two major political parties in the past four years.
The commission would be subject to the state’s open meeting laws and be beholden to the redistricting principles set by Nevada courts in 2011. That year, Republican Gov. Brain Sandoval vetoed maps approved by the Democratically controlled Legislature, creating an impasse that pushed the task to the court system, which appointed a three-person master panel. The principles include ensuring that “districts, when considered on a statewide basis, do not unduly advantage or disadvantage a political party.”
Cosgrove said the goal isn’t necessarily to make the process entirely nonpolitical — that task might be impossible — but instead to keep the redistricting process open and transparent.
Last month, the Nevada Legislature convened a five-day redistricting special session that was widely criticized for its partisanship and lack of transparency. Democrats, which hold a majority in both chambers, needed no support from Republicans to pass their preferred maps, which were quickly and unceremoniously signed by Democratic Gov. Steve Sisolak. Perhaps knowing the issue might inevitably go to court, Democrats were tight-lipped and provided little insight into the reasoning behind specific map choices, which had been designed behind closed doors by consultants the party declined to identify.
That process was in stark contrast to the processes by many of Nevada counties, cities and school districts where mapmakers attended community meetings, displayed map options in advance, solicited feedback and answered questions. In the case of Clark County School District, public feedback on three proposed options was negative enough the school board requested two additional maps be created using community feedback. One of those additional maps was eventually approved by the school board.
“We told you,” said Cosgrove of the Legislature’s process. “We warned you.”
The Democrats’ approved maps were universally panned by advocates and community groups, including some that lean heavily left on political issues. The approved maps are currently being challenged in court.
Cosgrove said in the wake of the redistricting special session people have continuously reached out to ask whether Vote Nevada would once again attempt to create an independent commission. She and other organizers had already planned to, but they hope the renewed interest and lingering frustrations will lead to more widespread support for reform.
“They’ve said, ‘We get it now,’” she added.
Vote Nevada expects fewer legal hurdles this go around because the language of the proposal was already challenged and settled by the Nevada Supreme Court last year. They also expect a broad coalition of support.
To qualify for the ballot, Vote Nevada will have to gather the signatures of roughly 142,500 registered voters — evenly divided between the state’s four congressional districts. (That equals 10% of the total number of voters who cast ballots during the last general election.)
The independent redistricting commission proposal is one of two political reforms potentially headed to the ballot box in 2022. The first, a proposal to switch to a new election system that combines open primaries and ranked choice voting, was filed last month. It is currently being challenged in court by a top Democratic lawyer.
Our stories may be republished online or in print under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. We ask that you edit only for style or to shorten, provide proper attribution and link to our web site. Please see our republishing guidelines for use of photos and graphics. | <urn:uuid:0c5a88ec-6cb5-4a31-be99-c57067d2aa81> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nevadacurrent.com/2021/12/15/redistricting-commission-proposal-resurrected-aiming-for-2022-ballot/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.965015 | 958 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Things You'll Need
Germination gel is sold in your local hardware or home and garden store.
You do not need to be a scientist or horticulturist to regrow radishes. You can make more radishes from radishes by replanting the root. Other parts of the radish will not regrow if you plant them again. If you do live in an area that does not freeze, you can plant radish seeds or roots year-round.
Video of the Day
Cut the radish 1 inch from the root end using a kitchen knife. Collect the root ends for planting. The radishes should be cut before harvest to provide the largest roots for regrowth.
Cover the entire cut surface of the radish root in germination gel. Spread the gel over the surface evenly using your fingers.
Dig a hole 2 inches in the soil using a garden hoe. Place the root end into the hole and cover the hole with soil.
Dig a row of holes 2 inches apart from each other. If you dig another row, space the row 10 inches from the previous row.
Store the other radishes for future use. | <urn:uuid:c5057a31-a38c-492e-83f0-e44f37a8da84> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hunker.com/13407011/how-to-make-more-radishes-from-radishes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.833065 | 266 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Supporting the community that supports us.
Atlanta Community Food Bank
The mission of the Atlanta Community Food Bank is to fight hunger by engaging, educating and empowering our community. While our core work is food distribution, our efforts extend far beyond that. Our mission is lived out every day through seven projects that help engage, educate and empower both people in need and those who want to help. From supporting community gardens to assisting people in finding economic security, ACFB covers a wide range of opportunities for people to learn and get involved. Our seven projects are Atlanta Prosperity Campaign, Atlanta’s Table, Community Gardens, Hunger 101, Hunger Walk/Run, Kids In Need and Product Rescue Center.
Second Harvest Food Bank of Middle Tennessee
Founded in 1978, Second Harvest Food Bank of Middle Tennessee works to feed hungry people and solve hunger issues in Middle and West Tennessee. Second Harvest has a network of over 450 Partner Agencies working together to feed hungry men, women and children throughout our 46-county service area. Second Harvest collects, sorts and distributes food and personal care products to over 450 partner agencies throughout 46 Middle and West Tennessee counties. Our partner agencies include food pantries, soup kitchens, shelters, foster care facilities, senior centers, group homes and youth enrichment programs.
North Texas Food Bank
The North Texas Food Bank (NTFB) is a top-ranked nonprofit relief organization, providing access to more than 170,000 meals each day for hungry children, seniors and families through a network of more than 1,000 programs and 200 partner agencies in our 13-county service area. In fiscal year 2015, NTFB provided access to some 63 million meals, but the need for hunger relief in North Texas today is much larger. To combat increasing food insecurity in North Texas, the Food Bank recently launched a 10-year plan to provide access to 92 million nutritious meals annually by 2025, a nearly 50 percent increase from the current output. NTFB is a member of Feeding America, a national hunger relief organization.
Founded in 1979, Food Lifeline is led by a board of directors that represents our community and the food industry. Food Lifeline employs a staff of around 70 people, from truck drivers to food industry specialists, who all bring a passion to stopping hunger to their work. Food Lifeline is a proud member of the Feeding America network. This relationship allows us to bring hunger-stopping best practices, relationships with national food brands and food surpluses from sister agencies back to Western Washington.
Home Depot Foundation
We support and attend the event every year. The Home Depot Foundation serves as the philanthropic arm of The Home Depot and has invested more than $380 million in local communities since being established in 2002.The Foundation manages the company’s grants initiatives and disaster relief activities as well as Team Depot, our associate-led volunteer force. The mission of The Home Depot Foundation is to improve the homes and lives of U.S. military veterans and their families. Through partnerships with local nonprofits and the volunteer efforts of Team Depot, we focus on addressing the critical housing needs of U.S. veterans. Since 2011, The Home Depot Foundation has invested more than $105 million to address these needs.
Toys for Tots
The Foundation was able to satisfy the six needs identified by the Marine Corps. First, the Foundation could provide toys to supplement the collections of local units that had fewer Marines due to military cutbacks of the ‘80s and ‘90s. Second, the Foundation could arrange and pay for the creation, publication, manufacture and distribution of promotion and support materials to Toys for Tots Coordinators. Third, the Foundation could enable individual and corporate donors to Toys for Tots to take a charitable deduction on their income tax returns. Fourth, the Foundation could enter into contracts with corporations to conduct promotions, which would produce royalties for Toys for Tots. (Needs three and four were two important elements of this charitable endeavor that the Marine Corps, as a federal agency, could not fulfill). Fifth, the Foundation could ensure that the Toys for Tots program operates in compliance with IRS regulations, state laws and regulations, and charitable standards. Finally, the Foundation took responsibility for the day-to-day operations of the Marine Toys for Tots Program, thus relieving the Reserve Headquarters Staff of that responsibility and allowing them to focus on training, organizing, and equipping the reserve force.
Donating every year to United Way
We all have a stake in what befalls our fellow man. We all benefit when a child succeeds in school, when someone finds a job that will help them provide for their family, or when more people are able to access quality, affordable healthcare. The solutions we create for communities around the world go beyond short-term charity for a few. When United Way’s support for Community Schools helps increase the graduation rate in the Vallejo City Unified School District by 11 percent in just three years, it’s not just the students, or even just the families of those students who benefit. Those proud graduates now have a much better chance of landing a job that pays a livable wage, of staying out of trouble with the law, and of living longer, healthier lives — and that translates into a safer, healthier and more prosperous community for everyone. We rise or fall together. With your support, we are reaching for great new heights.
Making Strides Against Breast Cancer – American Cancer Society
The American Cancer Society is the leader in helping to finish the fight against breast cancer. We’re investing more in groundbreaking breast cancer research to better understand, prevent, find, and treat the disease. We’re in every community providing free, comprehensive information and support to people touched by breast cancer, when and where they need it. We’re helping people take steps to reduce their breast cancer risk or find it early when it is most treatable
We are dedicated to a single purpose: Empowering veterans to lead high-quality lives with respect and dignity. We accomplish this by ensuring that veterans and their families can access the full range of benefits available to them; fighting for the interests of America’s injured heroes on Capitol Hill; and educating the public about the great sacrifices and needs of veterans transitioning back to civilian life.
Annual Sponsor for Project Healing Waters Fly Fishing Fish with a Hero Fishing Trip
We sponsor this great event to take out veterans and soldiers for a fishing trip. The Annual “Fish with a Hero” event, sponsored by the Project Healing Waters Fly Fishing, was greatly anticipated by the veterans from Tennessee, Georgia and north Alabama. The word was out from those who attended last year’s event that this is something you definitely don’t want to miss. Most participants had never been out to sea to catch fish, which made this an even more special trip.
The Detlef Schrempf Foundation
The foundation was established in 1996 by Detlef and Mari Schrempf and, according to Detlef Schrempf, raised $40,000 in its first year. The foundation describes its purpose as being to support “organizations that provide hope, care and assistance to children and families of the Northwest.” Between its founding and 2012, the organization had raised and donated $10 million for children’s charities, primarily in the Pacific Northwest.
Northwest Harvest is Washington’s own statewide hunger relief agency. Our mission is to provide nutritious food to hungry people statewide in a manner that respects their dignity, while fighting to eliminate hunger. Our vision is that ample nutritious food is available to everyone in Washington State.
Habitat for Humanity of Williamson and Maury Counties
Habitat for Humanity of Williamson and Maury Counties (HFHWM) is a faith-based organization that builds homes in partnership with low-income working families in Williamson and Maury Counties. With the generous support and volunteer participation of churches, businesses, and civic groups, we are able to provide families with the life-changing opportunity of purchasing an affordable home.
Nashville Tech Council – Tech Advisory Committee for Williamson County Schools
NTC exists to be a catalyst for the growth and influence of Middle Tennessee’s technology industry.
By connecting, uniting, developing, and promoting our community, we propel the Nashville area forward to become a national leader in technology-based innovation and development.
Project Management Institute (PMI)
Project Management Institute is the world’s leading not-for-profit professional membership association for the project, program and portfolio management profession. Founded in 1969, PMI delivers value for more than 2.9 million professionals working in nearly every country in the world through global advocacy, collaboration, education and research. PMI advances careers, improves organizational success and further matures the profession of project management through its globally recognized standards, certifications, resources, tools, academic research, publications, professional development courses, and networking opportunities. As part of the PMI family, Human Systems International (HSI) provides organizational assessment and benchmarking services to leading businesses and government, while ProjectManagement.com and ProjectsAtWork.com create online global communities that deliver more resources, better tools, larger networks and broader perspectives.
The Family Place
The Family Place empowers victims of family violence by providing safe housing, counseling and skills that create independence while building community engagement and advocating for social change to stop family violence. For victims of family violence, The Family Place is the Dallas area’s leading organization delivering proven programs that address emotional and physical abuse and incest. The Family Place provides free, comprehensive services that prevent violence and fully support women, children and men on their path from fear to safety.
Help Desk Institute (HDI)
In 1989, HDI became the first professional association created for the technical support industry. Since then, HDI has remained the source for professional development by offering resources to promote organization-wide success through exceptional customer service. Technical support professionals love HDI because it provides them with a profound sense of community. At 150,000 people strong, HDI is a community built by industry peers and leaders that gives you the resources, knowledge, and drive to be great at what you do.
High Tech Prayer Breakfast
High Tech Prayer Breakfast – DC Metro, Inc. is a nonprofit, 501(c)(3) organization with the mission to minister to the spiritual needs of individuals in the high-tech business community in a interdenominational manner. The ministry is modeled after High Tech Ministries in Atlanta, Georgia. We host an annual High Tech Prayer Breakfast featuring a well-known speaker from the business community who delivers a message about the influence a personal relationship with Jesus Christ has had on his or her life and business.
Technology Association of Georgia (TAG)
It’s a new world for tech, and the Technology Association of Georgia (TAG) has emerged as a world-class membership organization and an engine for economic development for the state of Georgia. TAG’s mission is to educate, promote, influence and unite Georgia’s technology community to foster an innovative and connected marketplace that stimulates and enhances Georgia’s tech-based economy. | <urn:uuid:2a231aea-3f97-4ba9-8dfb-6c925bebbac1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.staffingtechnologies.com/about-us/supporting-our-community/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.946585 | 2,305 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Immigrate to Ontario
Discover the many pathways to immigrate to Ontario and learn what supports are available to you.
Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP)
The OINP nominates foreign workers, entrepreneurs and international students to the Government of Canada for permanent residence in Ontario.
Ontario's economic immigration program works in partnership with the Canadian government's immigration pathways.
Up-to-date information on application processing times and number of nominations that have been issued.
If you are interested in recruiting foreign talent, dedicated staff are available to give you information about the many immigration pathways available. We are also a referral partner to the federal Global Skills Strategy.
The pilot aims to attract highly skilled immigrants to rural and small Ontario communities to fill local labour market gaps and help spread the benefits of economic immigration.
Communities in Ontario
Many communities have their own immigration websites where you can learn about their unique lifestyles and opportunities.
Please contact the communities you're interested in to ensure you have the most current information.
If you're a community in Ontario and your immigration website isn't listed, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org.
With more than 400 years of Francophone history, Ontario has the largest French-speaking population in Canada outside of Quebec.
French-speaking immigrants come from around the world and many choose to settle in established Francophone communities.
Discover the diverse communities in Ontario and find local resources.
Find information on provincial government services in French.
Browse a list of settlement agencies in Ontario that offer settlement services in French.
There are 12 French-language school boards in Ontario with over 450 French-language schools.
Learn about the government-funded services available to you before and after you arrive in Ontario.
Find out how to test or improve your language skills before you arrive.
Find out how to continue working in your profession or trade if you've been trained in another country.
Find a settlement agency to help you successfully integrate in Ontario.
Information about housing, health care, getting a driver's license and more.
Foreign credential recognition
Newcomers must have their foreign licenses and certificates recognized to work in some Canadian jobs. Learn more about foreign credential recognition in Canada.
If you completed your education outside of Canada, you must get an educational credential assessment (ECA) report that tells you what your education is equal to in Canada. Find out how to get an ECA on the Government of Canada's website and in OINP application guides. | <urn:uuid:d0700928-3480-41f7-945b-54c7b6c77142> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ontario.ca/page/immigrate-to-ontario | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.942042 | 525 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Electronic courts are usually implemented to increase the efficiency of the court by expediting the access to information. Often referred to as a paperless court, we aim to reduce the reliance on paper or hard-copy documents during the judicial process. As an electronic court supplier, Acumé Forensic install high quality AV equipment into courts in the UK and Worldwide. Acumé Forensic have been designing and installing electronic courts since 2004.
An electronic court must have the latest technology installed and screens strategically placed so that every trial participant has an unobstructed view. Health and Safety requirements are adhered to and professional court user nightlines are uninterrupted. Sound is reproduced and played at the highest quality subject to source material.
An electronic court is used to run an EPE or digital fraud case. EPE is loaded onto a secure laptop or PC which is digitally connected to the monitors and audio equipment within the court. Sometimes also linked externally to satellite courts, remote witnesses and remote websites for high profile public cases. Operators can also be utilised to run the EPE in an electronic court, promoting an increase in juror awareness of key facts and everyone is looking at the same video, graphic or document.
An electronic court is proven to speed hearing presentation, aid understanding and promote fair judgement. Traditional paper jury bundles are increasingly being replaced by iPads; the current firm favourite at trial. Our jury bundles are indexed, foldered, named and populated with only the material counsel require. Jurors can view documents, zoom in and out, annotate them, make notes, open multiple documents and index their annotations for instant recall without the need for paper. Review is backed up and updated automatically when entering the electronic court, the only requirements are the digital and physical security of the tablet and charging, all conducted on counsels behalf by a skilled Acumé Forensic technician.
©2019 Copyright: acumeforensic.com | <urn:uuid:2c4de1b3-2da3-4c91-853b-020eff1b4105> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.acumeforensic.com/electronic-court/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936325 | 383 | 1.570313 | 2 |
(NORFOLK, Va.) – The Norfolk Department of Public Health has detected the first West Nile Virus (WNV) activity of the season in the City of Norfolk. Two mosquito samples have tested positive for West Nile virus. Both samples were collected in the Colonial Place neighborhood on June 30, 2022. The Division of Vector Control is conducting mosquito control operations in this neighborhood, including treatments of storm drains, and standing water, fogging operations, and continued surveillance activities.
West Nile Virus is spread to people by the bite of an infected mosquito. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds, and then spread WNV to people and animals by biting them. Most people infected by WNV do not have any symptoms. When WNV develops into illness, symptoms can include a mild fever, headache, body aches, vomiting, or diarrhea. Serious illness is rare, but more severe symptoms can occur including high fever, severe headache, nausea and vomiting, stiff neck, muscle weakness, confusion, disorientation, paralysis, seizures, or coma. Death occurs in about 10% of persons with serious illness.
Residents are advised to take these preventive steps to help protect themselves and their families from mosquito-borne illnesses:
- Avoid mosquito bites by using insect repellents when outdoors in mosquito-infested areas. Always ensure that you follow directions on the label.
- Wear clothing that is long, light, and loose.
- Home doors and windows should be well-screened to prevent entry of mosquitoes.
- It is important to eliminate mosquito breeding sites from yards by removing old tires, buckets, tubs, toys and other items that hold rainwater. Dump ornamental containers (e.g., bird baths) on a weekly basis, or use mosquito larvicide pellets or dunks periodically to treat larger containers (e.g., ornamental ponds, stagnant swimming pools).
- Clean roof gutters and downspout screens.
For additional information pertaining to mosquito control and surveillance measures, visit our webpage at: https://www.norfolk.gov/2914/Vector-Control or call the Vector Control Division at (757) 683-2840, weekdays from 7:00 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. | <urn:uuid:2f1d1488-8fdc-4f57-a9f0-fba0e41c0564> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.norfolk.gov/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=6145 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.926241 | 464 | 2.78125 | 3 |
To realize next generation thin-film-transistors (TFTs), seedless rapidmelting growth of Ge on insulator is investigated. By rapid-thermal annealing (RTA) of amorphous GeSn (a-GeSn) layers on insulating substrates at a temperature between the solidification point and the melting point, GeSn layers melt incompletely, which generates a limited number of solid nuclei as residue. Once cooling starts, liquid-phase epitaxial growth occurs from these nuclei, which results in growth of large-grain crystals. Since segregation coefficient of Sn in Ge is very small (∼0.02), almost all Sn atoms segregate at edges of the grown regions. As a result, almost Snfree (≤1%) large Ge crystal grains are achieved on insulating substrates by a self-organizing process.
|Number of pages||4|
|Publication status||Published - 2014|
|Event||International Symposium on Silicon Compatible Materials, Processes, and Technologies for Advanced Integrated Circuits and Emerging Applications 4 - 225th ECS Meeting - Orlando, United States|
Duration: May 11 2014 → May 15 2014
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes | <urn:uuid:331a8577-7907-4e65-8d0f-42e22e7ed794> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/formation-of-large-grain-ge-single-crystal-on-insulating-substrat | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.824398 | 310 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Building and Expanding Your CAS Toolkit (On Demand Webinar)
Already an ASHA Learning Pass subscriber?
Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) can be challenging for seasoned and newer clinicians alike. How do we efficiently and effectively assemble and grow our CAS “toolkit”? This webinar will discuss practical tips – rooted in the principles of evidence-based practice – to strengthen SLPs’ diagnosis and treatment of CAS to enhance child outcomes.
You will be able to:
- evaluate assessment measures and treatment protocols for CAS using critical thinking skills and principles of evidence-based practice (scientific studies, clinical expertise, and client values)
- integrate the three prongs of evidence-based practice to effectively plan treatment for children with CAS
Watch a Preview
What is Included?
You'll get online access to all the course content, including the full video, references, worksheets, and eManual, so you can access it from anywhere!
Self-assessment—Think about what you learned and report on the Completion Form how you will use your new knowledge.
This course is part of a seven-course collection—Assessing and Treating Speech Sound Disorders—designed for clinicians who work with children with speech sound disorders as well as clinicians who are new to this population. Taken together, these courses provide a comprehensive view of assessment and treatment of speech sound disorders. Access the full collection in the ASHA Learning Pass or purchase courses individually in the ASHA Store.
This course is also part of the Childhood Apraxia of Speech Learning Path. What is a learning path? A learning path is a curated set of courses on an essential topic, designed for you to take in order—or in whatever order you wish—as you have time in your schedule. Our learning paths identify sets of key courses so you can get on your way to mastering particular areas of practice according to your needs, priorities, and interests. | <urn:uuid:f8e1fa6e-5908-4fd3-9fc9-600075e477ef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://apps.asha.org/eWeb/OLSDynamicPage.aspx?Webcode=olsdetails&title=Building+and+Expanding+Your+CAS+Toolkit+(On+Demand+Webinar) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.920044 | 424 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Henry Kairakutei Black
Who was Henry Black?
Henry Black was born in Australia in 1858. At the age of seven, he moved to Japan, where his father had become editor of an English-language newspaper serving the growing foreign settlement of Yokohama. Henry Black lived out the rest of his life in Japan, becoming a professional storyteller (rakugoka), enthralling audiences with his adaptations of popular European novels. Henry Black also acted kabuki roles, managed an orchestra, performed magic and hypnotism, enjoyed Japanese poetry, and practised tea ceremony. In the 1880s, he supported the Freedom and People’s Rights Movement and later incorporated references to the movement’s aims in his narrated tales. In his later years, Henry took the professional name of Kairakutei Burakku and became a naturalised Japanese citizen. He died in Tokyo in 1923.
The Meiji Era – Old Japan/New Japan
One of the more striking things to emerge from the writings of foreigners living in Japan in the Meiji era is their fascination with the co-existence of the old and the new, the exotic and the familiar. It is a theme which continues to preoccupy travellers to Japan today. During the Meiji years, many Japanese and foreign observers spoke wistfully of an Old Japan as compared to a New Japan. Old Japan was associated in the minds of many with an idealised agrarian past represented by images of rice paddies, thatched roofs, the distant night chorus of frogs and a slower pace of life. New Japan was represented by steam trains and telegraph lines traversing the country, as well as factories and the trappings of a Western lifestyle, such as bowler hats and brick buildings (see image, right, Tokyo Station entrance). (Text from Henry Black – On Stage in Meiji Japan, by Ian McArthur, pub. Monash University Publishing, p. 18)
As a professional storyteller in Japan during the Meiji years, Henry Black offered audiences satirical and entertaining comments on the attempts people made to adapt to the coming of modernity. These included amusing jibes at people who aspired to own a Western-style brick home ‘whether or not the breeze is bad and they are unbearably hot’ and the fashion among men to copy a Western-style moustache ‘even though it gets in the soup’. – from Henry Black’s tale Eikokujin [The Englishman].
Me and Henry Black
It is Tokyo in 1983. I am riding the Ginza Line home to Roppongi with a copy of the journal Monumenta Nipponica bought at Maruzen bookshop in Nihonbashi. I open it at a photo of Henry staring out at me in full kimono. I read that he was an Australian-born man called Kairakutei Black who worked as a storyteller and actor in Japan in the Meiji era (1868-1923). The Meiji era was a time of great change which enabled this extraordinary man to span two different cultures while performing in the theatres of Japan. This site celebrates the life of Henry Kairakutei Black and the creative spirit of the Meiji era. | <urn:uuid:bc592ced-c218-4a24-8d10-4e28965ba8d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://henryblack.com.au/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969612 | 677 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Flickr user Steven Vance (cc).
On some Chicago streets, Divvy bikes outnumber others.
Published monthly, MPC’s Talking Transit provides updates about transit-related activities around the world.
Get In the Loop on all the latest local, national and international transit headlines.
Did You Know?
Following the construction of dedicated cycling lanes on Dearborn Street through downtown Chicago, the number of bikers using the street expanded by 171 percent, the largest increase recorded in a nationwide study of new bike lanes. More than 20 percent of the riders on Dearborn, the report demonstrated, had switched from another mode such as driving.
Bike lanes and bikeshare—a successful combination
The dramatic success of the Dearborn protected, dedicated bike lanes in spurring new ridership will come as no surprise to people who work downtown, where more bikers seem to zoom by every day. Particularly visible are the bright blue bikes of Divvy bikeshare, which is celebrating its first anniversary at the end of this month. As of May, people had taken more than 1.1 million rides on Divvy’s 300 bikes, and over Memorial Day weekend last month, Divvy set a ridership record, with over 16,000 people choosing to ride the bikes that Sunday.
Bike lanes and bikesharing both encourage biking and will play an important role in improving access to transportation options in the Chicagoland region into the future. As part of its Commute Options initiative, the Metropolitan Planning Council (MPC) has energetically advocated for alternatives that allow employees to get between home and work without having to rely on driving alone. Biking contributes to that goal while also encouraging more vibrant neighborhoods and enhancing transit access.
Mayor Rahm Emanuel has made the expansion of local bicycling facilities a major element of his administration, and the Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning has proposed more than doubling the number of regional bike trails to 2,700 miles by 2040. The city plans to complete 100 miles of protected bike lanes by spring 2015 and 645 total miles by 2020, ambitious goals that will pay off with increased biking.
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Illinois will pay for part of the cost of those improvements in a $12.5 million sponsorship deal with the City. Further, the city has earned $650,000 in advertising at Divvy stations thus far. Other improvements will be covered by local, state and federal grants.
So far, the City’s work has begun to pay off. The share of local workers who choose to bike to work every day has more than doubled from half a percent in 2000 to 1.3 percent between 2008 and 2013. Though that’s a lower share than Portland, San Francisco or Seattle (which have bike shares of 6.1, 3.4 and 3.4 percent, respectively), the growth in biking in Chicago has been remarkably quick—and the improvements planned for the region suggest that growth will only continue. A newly released study shows that the city’s residents make an average of 125,000 bike trips a day.
Local business has also started to pay attention. The chambers of commerce of Lakeview and West Town, two central Chicago neighborhoods, announced this year that they plan to develop into “bike friendly” business districts that appeal specifically to people who bike around those neighborhoods. They will encourage local merchants to offer bikers discounts on services, or even free items, such as a cup of coffee. Bikers, these local groups recognize, have the potential to expand economic activity in community shopping districts.
Bikes and transit can work together
One of the most interesting findings of the national study of bike lane implementation mentioned at the beginning of this article was that more than 90 percent of bike riders in Chicago also had a transit pass, more than similar riders in Austin, Portland, San Francisco and Washington. But in all cities concerned, bikes are an element of the overall transportation system, not a full replacement of other modes.
In many ways, bikeshare systems like Divvy can be considered a transportation “enhancer,” making other modes easier to use. For example, in New York, that city’s bikesharing system provides an important alternative to the transit system when delays occur on the subway lines. People who might normally take the train are being offered an alternative choice when problems come up.
In Chicago, Divvy complements the transit system by making it possible to travel between neighborhoods without convenient transit connections. An analysis of Divvy rides showed that large numbers of riders were using the system to get between adjacent neighborhoods like the West Loop and University of Illinois at Chicago, where effective bus or train service may not be available.
At the same time, Divvy extends the rides of people who use transit as a part of their daily commutes. The majority of Divvy rides taken at rush hour are made by commuters travelling from the Metra stations west of the Loop to and from offices throughout the Loop. The top three most used Divvy docks are those in front of Union and Ogilvie Stations. In other words, bikesharing provides a useful additional way to get around, speeding transit trips and likely making public transportation more feasible for people who might otherwise stick to the ease of driving their cars to work.
One year in, Divvy has made a big mark on Chicago, and the City is currently considering expanding the system’s footprint into other neighborhoods around the city and potentially into nearby suburbs. But the bikesharing system is only one element of Chicago’s growing bicycling culture. The Active Transportation Alliance sponsors the bike commuter challenge, which encourages workers throughout the region to commute by bike, beginning this week. In 2013, MPC won the challenge for its category of non-profit groups employing between five and 24 people. We’re looking forward to taking home gold this year as well! | <urn:uuid:00e53628-3f27-4706-a901-dc6441c82739> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.metroplanning.org/news/6955/Talking-Transit-Biking-rising-quickly-as-a-mode-of-travel-in-Chicago | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956994 | 1,214 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The United States fell a whopping 13 places in this year’s World Press Freedom Index, ending up in 46th place behind former Iron Curtain states like the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, and Romania and barely beating out Haiti.
(For comparison, Cuba ranks 170th, the Russian Federation 148th and China 175th.) The index, published by published by Reporters Without Borders, “spotlights the negative impact of conflicts on freedom of information and its protagonists.”
The US ranking reflects several negative developments, including the pursuit of Edward Snowden and efforts to force reporter James Risen to testify against an alleged source. In the US, RWB observes, “the whistleblower is the enemy.”
Hence the 35-year jail term imposed on Private Chelsea/Bradley Manning for being the big WikiLeaks source, an extremely long sentence but nonetheless small in comparison with the 105-year sentence requested for freelance journalist Barrett Brown in a hacking case. Amid an all-out hunt for leaks and sources, 2013 will also be the year of the Associated Press scandal, which came to light when the Department of Justice acknowledged that it had seized the news agency’s phone records.
RWB ranked the United Kingdom 33rd in press freedom, citing its “disgraceful pressure” on The Guardian and detention of David Miranda. “Both the US and UK authorities seem obsessed with hunting down whistleblowers instead of adopting legislation to rein in abusive surveillance practices that negate privacy, a democratic value cherished in both countries,” concluded RWB.
The top five countries for press freedom were: Finland (1), Netherlands (2), Norway (3), Luxembourg (4) and Andorra (5).
Photo by the_kid_cl at Flickr Creative Commons | <urn:uuid:3979ab90-a5fa-46fa-88de-3f83a9787fcb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://whistleblowingtoday.org/2014/02/us-witch-hunts-sink-press-freedom-ranking/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.915941 | 363 | 2.078125 | 2 |
NEW HAVEN: The image of the Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov steaming through the English Channel, leading a fleet from the Baltic Sea toward the Syrian coast, signaled the Kremlin’s wider ambitions. Though the world may focus attention on the war in Syria and negotiations over Aleppo, Russia’s strategic aims loom large.
Russia’s military intervention in the Syria civil war on behalf of Bashar al-Assad’s government has multiple motives. It is an attempt to shore up a fellow authoritarian regime against what the Kremlin sees as another illegitimate American effort at regime change. It is an attempt to shift the agenda after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine turned into a costly quagmire. It is also an attempt to fight terrorism, which threatens Russia as much as any Western state.
But focusing on factors specific to Syria risks missing Russia’s broader goals in the region. Syria is one part of a campaign to reshape the Middle East in a way that’s more to the Kremlin’s liking. Russia’s main goal is to shake the region loose from American hegemony. The Kremlin knows that it cannot replace the United States, the region’s dominant political and military power since the demise of the British Empire a half century ago. But Russia thinks that it can make the region more multipolar and enhance its own influence in the process.
Since the US-led victory over Iraq in the Persian Gulf War of 1991, most resistance in the region to American dictates has come through insurgency and terrorism, whether from Al Qaeda’s branches in Iraq and Yemen or militias such as Lebanon’s Hezbollah. Even Iran, the one state that consistently sought to counter US dominance, did so primarily by backing non-state groups rather than projecting conventional military force. | <urn:uuid:739be448-8457-42d6-9237-785107d1aa5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fpri.org/article/2016/11/russia-sets-bring-middle-east-new-order/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.940137 | 369 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Scientists from The Ohio State University have developed a mathematical model of a myocardial infarction, popularly known as a heart attack.
The new model predicts several useful new drug combinations that may one day help treat heart attacks.
The research is published in the Journal of Theoretical Biology and was conducted by Nicolae Moise et al.
Typically caused by blockages in the coronary arteries—or the vessels that supply blood to the heart—these heart events are experienced by more than 800,000 Americans every year, and about 30% end up dying.
But even for those who survive, the damage these attacks inflict on the muscles of the heart is permanent and can lead to dangerous inflammation in the affected areas of the heart.
Treatment to restore blood flow to these blocked passages of the heart often includes surgery and drugs, or what’s known as reperfusion therapy.
In the study, the team used mathematical algorithms to assess the efficacy of the drugs used to combat the lethal inflammation many patients experience in the aftermath of an attack.
Represented by a series of differential equations, the model the team created was made using data from previous animal studies.
The team chose to model how certain immune cells like myocytes, neutrophils and macrophages—cells imperative to fighting infection and combating necrosis (toxic injury to the heart)—react to four different immunomodulatory drugs over a period of one month.
These drugs are designed to suppress the immune system so that it doesn’t cause as much damaging inflammation in parts of the heart that were damaged.
This research focused on the drugs’ efficacy an hour after the mice were treated.
The team found that certain combinations of these drug inhibitors were more efficient at reducing inflammation than others.
They say depending on their health beforehand, it can take a person anywhere from six to eight months to heal from a heart attack.
The quality of care patients receive in those first few weeks could set the tone for how long their road to recovery will be.
Because Moise’s simulation is purely theoretical, it won’t lead to improved therapies anytime soon.
More precise data is needed before their work can become an asset to other scientists, but the team does envision the model as a potential tool in the fight against the ravages of heart disease.
If you care about heart attacks, please read studies about how to chomp away plaques that cause heart attacks, and how to treat and prevent heart attack in people with diabetes.
For more information about heart health, please see recent studies about foods that could help you lower high blood pressure, and results showing what heart and stroke patients should know about COVID-19 vaccines.
Copyright © 2022 Knowridge Science Report. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:6030a813-1188-464e-a3ba-090f24a5ceb3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://knowridge.com/2022/06/scientists-find-how-to-predict-efficacy-of-drug-treatments-for-heart-attacks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.954678 | 569 | 3.9375 | 4 |
Are EVs the Answer to Environmental Concerns?By Sofía Garduño | Mon, 07/11/2022 - 19:22
The adoption of electromobility is mainly promoted for its environmental benefits and the improved driving experience that electric vehicles (EV) offer. However, before actually considering EV a truly green solution, better manufacturing practices have to be implemented to make them completely eco-friendly. Public policies, collaboration and innovative technology are essential to achieve this.
The shift toward electromobility aims to decrease environmental and human health affections caused by ICE vehicle pollutants. By using an EV, less fuels are burnt, and, consequently, there are less harmful products of combustion in the environment, as reported by the Department of Ecology of the State of Washington. EV are a great alternative to transform the environment and improve air quality, says a report of the European Environment Agency.
EVs provide more efficiency as more energy put in the battery is used to drive the car. While diesel cars can transfer between 17 and 21 percent of the energy stored in the fuel to the wheels, EV convert around 60 percent of the electrical energy they receive from the grid into mechanical energy, reports the Government of India. Yet, despite their advantages, there are concerns about the negative effects that EVs can pose to the environment while in production.
Over a third of the CO2 emissions from an EV come from the energy used to make the car itself, according to EDF. Toyota, for example, has expressed its concerns about the speed of the EV transition. According to the Japanese automaker, a fast transition to EVs could increase pollution if the energy is sourced from fossil fuels.
“Producing electric vehicles leads to significantly more emissions than producing petrol cars. Depending on the country of production, that is between 30 and 40 percent extra in production emissions, which is mostly from the battery production,” said Florian Knobloch, Fellow, Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance at the University of Cambridge, to CNCB.
While EVs contribute to the reduction of local road pollutants and CO2 emissions, EV batteries have been linked to negative environmental effects. Although lithium is not toxic by itself, lithium-ion batteries contain cobalt, nickel and manganese, which are considered toxic heavy metals. Mining and refining the raw materials needed for a vehicle create a high amount of greenhouse gases. CO2 emissions linked to materials and EV assembly are higher than that of a traditional car, according to Harvard.
Moreover, lithium’s exploitation could generate severe environmental and health crises in regions where the white gold’s deposits will be developed, said Mexico’s Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT), as reported by MBN.
What can be done?
To make EVs truly eco-friendly, the number of heavy materials required for their production needs to go down. Lightweighting could be the solution to this, according to Harvard. By allowing for lower density, less expensive batteries and an additional 16-17 percent battery capacity, EV lightweighting could be the next step in increasing access to EVs regionally, as reported by MBN.
Long-distance shipping has also been linked with emissions from commercial container ships. For emissions to be lowered, EV batteries have to be produced locally. This will be supported by the need to bring production closer to the end consumer, which was fueled by the disruption seen during the COVID-19 pandemic.
EV batteries repurposing has also been implemented by different automakers to promote a more sustainable EV life cycle. Recycling batteries boosts the circular economy as materials return to the value chain. Nissan, for example, is repurposing its LEAF batteries for the JR East, Japan’s biggest rail network. The batteries will replace the currently used lead-acid batteries in the railway, which are less durable and need more charging time.
Countries are supporting electromobility to align local policies to the global agenda that aims to protect the planet from degradation. Without this kind of support, EVs cannot enter markets in any significant share until oil prices increase so much that high petrol and diesel prices make EV competitive, according to a CEDelft report.
China, for example, has become a leader in the EV market thanks to policies that are actively pushing for greener solutions to environmental challenges caused by growing urbanization, says BMW.
Overall, the global transition toward electromobility is accelerating. In 2021, there were five times more new EV models available in the market than in 2015, as reported by IEA. Currently there are over 20 million electric vehicles circulating across the world and it is expected that more than 26 million EV will be on the roads globally by the end of 2022.
With over 4.3 million units in the country, China leads the EV market. Its investments in charging infrastructure have led it to be one of the countries with the highest number of publicly available fast chargers worldwide. Ninety five percent of the EV vehicles are located in China, followed by the EU and the US. Other countries aside from these three account for only 5 percent of the global EV fleet, as reported by BNEF.
In emerging economies, EV penetration is still low due to the high cost of the units, says IEA. However, around 25,000 EVs were sold in Latin America, more than the double of what was registered in 2020, according to BNEF. Bloomberg forecasts that there will be a further acceleration of EV sales in this region by 2025. Currently, Colombia is the country of the region with more matriculated EV units, followed by Mexico and Costa Rica, according to DW. On the other hand, Mexico and Brazil are leaders in the hybrid vehicle market. Both countries are expected to increase their sales of light EVs by 2-4 percent.
Mexico’s Transition Towards Electromobility
In 2021, Mexico experienced an increase of 154 percent in EV sales compared to 2020, according to data from AMIA. By 2030, electric and hybrid vehicles will achieve an 8-10 percent penetration in Mexico, as forecast by IHS Markit. To boost electromobility in the country, collaboration between the authorities and the automotive sector is necessary, said Edgar Carranza, COO, Hyundai Mexico to MBN.
On June 17, 2022, President López Obrador presented a list of 10 decisions to accelerate the energy transition, which included its intentions to work in programs for the promotion of electromobility. However, investment in infrastructure and the support of authorities is needed to really accelerate the transition towards electrification, says Alberto Bustamante, Director, INA. Additionally, the implementation of public policies that regulate the use of new technologies, the support for potential consumers for hybrid and EVs through tax and non-tax incentives and the supply of energy from renewable sources at competitive prices are essential to strengthen Mexico’s electromobility strategy, according to José Zozaya, Executive President, AMIA. | <urn:uuid:61d32084-ba86-409b-93df-1fdc72d4309c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mexicobusiness.news/automotive/news/are-evs-answer-environmental-concerns | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.956972 | 1,430 | 3.578125 | 4 |
The past few days have been among the few times the main issues in Greek and international economic news coincided, with public opinion both here and abroad concerned about unemployment. There was widespread anguish, at least in Europe, over job losses due to enterprises shutting down. In Greece, the government rushed to accuse the businessmen of being unable to keep their businesses operating. And, since we already seem to be in pre-election mode, the opposition rushed to paint a picture of an economy on the verge of collapse, the exclusive work of the government (who else?). As usual, neither of these positions paint the whole picture. What we can say, however, is that there is cause for reflection – and worry. Until the end of 2002, the number of businesses going bankrupt was fairly small, certainly smaller in comparison with the other European Union member states. But when this «achievement» took place in a country with one of the most rigid economies in Europe, an alternative reading is required. The low number of bankruptcies might be not the result of corporate robustness, but a sign of immobility. During the past four years, the number of new companies has considerably exceeded the number of those that shut down. During 2002, for example, 112,583 firms were founded, while 66,332 went under. This is not a disastrous picture. The real question would be to focus on quality. What kind of companies are these new ones? Most are small-service businesses – cafes, bars and restaurants. On the other hand, the businesses that close are, for the most part, «traditional» companies that did not adapt to modern times. It is not certain at all that the new companies will be able to withstand present and future competition. What the Greek economy really needs is to improve its competitiveness, something that cannot be done without foreign capital. | <urn:uuid:6f08e4f3-9ca3-48d1-8867-faba89aa173f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ekathimerini.com/economy/14512/debate-over-bankruptcies-is-misleading/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.975305 | 371 | 1.820313 | 2 |
This week we’ve been reporting about a huge solar flare which will aim towards the Earth on Friday, October 24. According to NOAA, this sunspot cluster was supposed to produce a G3 solar storm, but it will actually be a G5, which is the strongest. A second sunspot cluster, that’s not yet visible from Earth, could produce more geomagnetic storms in the next two weeks. How will all this affect us? Besides scrambling our cell phones and affecting electrical grids, it will also make flying more dangerous.
Scientists have long known that cosmic rays and solar flares can affect the electronic systems and onboard computers on airplanes. Some air routes are more susceptible to these kinds of dangers, and researchers have begun measuring the radiation levels in different parts of the sky so they can figure out where it’s safest to fly. A solar storm like current one increases the danger. “This substantially increases the need to improve the definition of the atmospheric radiation field as a function of location and time, and to reduce the significant uncertainties associated with present day predictions,” says NASA’s Epaminondas G. Stassinopoulos.
Stassinopoulos wants to produce global maps of the atmospheric radiation field. So far, he’s found that high doses of radiation are strongest at the poles, in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. This is particularly true during solar storms, when which large quantities of charged particles reach the Earth’s atmosphere. He hopes this information will help airlines plan better routes, especially during solar storms like the current one.
In order to find out how this solar storm will affect us, NASA scientists are studying the events of September 1-2, 1859, which was the last time such a major storm occurred. Although there were no electrical grids, airplanes or communications satellites then, the storm had a major impact: within a few hours, telegraph wires in both the United States and Europe spontaneously shorted out, causing many fires, while the Northern Lights were seen as far south as Rome, Havana and Hawaii.
“Remarkably, science has documented solar events a hundred times more intense,” says NASA’s Bruce Tsurutani. “But none of them interacted with the Earth in such a violent manner. What happened in 1859 was a combination of several events that occurred on the Sun at the same time. If they took place separately they would be somewhat notable events. But together they created the most potent disruption of Earth’s ionosphere in recorded history. What they generated was the perfect space storm.”
The Sun contains around 383 billion trillion kilowatts of energy, equivalent to 100 billion tons of TNT exploding every second. But the energy released by the Sun is not constant. Every once in a while?and so far, this can’t be predicted?an event occurs on the surface that releases a tremendous amount of energy in the form of a solar flare or a coronal mass ejection, an explosive burst of very hot, electrified gases.
In 1859, it began on August 28, when astronomers noted the development of numerous sunspots on the Sun’s surface. Sunspots are regions of extremely intense magnetic fields that intertwine. The resulting magnetic energy can generate a sudden, violent release of energy called a solar flare. From August 28 to September 2, several solar flares were observed. Then, on September 1, the Sun released a mammoth solar flare. For almost an entire minute the Sun produced twice its usual amount of energy.
“With the flare came this explosive release of a massive cloud of magnetically charged plasma called a coronal mass ejection,” says Tsurutani. “These things actually fire out from the Sun radially, so not all of them head toward the Earth. But those that do usually take three to four days to reach Earth. This one took all of 17 hours and 40 minutes.”
The coronal mass ejection of September 1, 1859, overwhelmed Earth’s own magnetic field, allowing charged particles to penetrate into Earth’s upper atmosphere. More recently, a 1994 solar storm caused major malfunctions to two communications satellites, disrupting newspaper, network television and radio service in Canada. Other storms have affected cell phones, GPS systems and electrical power grids. In March 1989, a solar storm much less intense than the perfect space storm of 1859 caused the Hydro-Quebec power grid in Canada to go down for over nine hours.
“The question I get asked most often is, ‘Could a perfect space storm happen again, and when?'” says Tsurutani. “I tell people it could, and it could very well be even more intense than what transpired in 1859. As for when, we simply do not know.” Friday, October 24, may be the day.
What can we learn from the heavens? A noted scientists says: more than we think. Learn all about it on this week?s Dreamland.
To learn more,click here and here.
NOTE: This news story, previously published on our old site, will have any links removed.
Subscribers, to watch the subscriber version of the video, first log in then click on Dreamland Subscriber-Only Video Podcast link. | <urn:uuid:35b4f060-d3ea-4909-b91d-99547ed9dd8a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.unknowncountry.com/headline-news/solar-storms-make-flying-less-safe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.947818 | 1,095 | 3.75 | 4 |
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The earliest known customer complaint was recorded in 1750 BC. The ancient details of a copper supplier and his unsatisfied customer prove the customer experience was, and continues to be, an important part of the transaction. The customer journey remains integral to businesses’ success, and as advancements in technology increase, so do customer expectations. Over 50 percent of today’s customers who switch brands do so because of poor user experiences; they expect faster service, better communication, and limitless options. When company data can’t keep up, customers leave.
Reliable data is a cornerstone of all successful businesses. Companies understand the ability to know and understand their customers is one of the most important things they can do to maintain them. Simple gestures like ensuring the proper spelling of names and reaching out via preferred channels of communication make a big difference. Open dialogue between a user and a company is an essential part of maintaining positive satisfaction ratings, and all of this is made possible through identifying customer insights.
Machine learning, qualitative data, and cognitive analytics have made it possible for companies to identify patterns in user behavior. They are also able to pinpoint any inefficiencies in customer experience, then turn that data into actionable insights.
User Experience is Everything…
Most websites and apps are not meeting the needs of their users. In fact, of the “700 million websites that exist, 72 percent fail to consistently engage users or drive conversions. Of the 1.6 million apps available, just 200 account for 70 percent of all usage.” To figure out what the successful companies are doing correctly, we need to look no further than data.
Netflix came out of the gate hot, boasting no late fees and a focus on its customer. Soon enough, it had put competitor Blockbuster out of business. Companies like Sephora, Nike, and Amazon began taking notice of Netflix and eventually followed suit. What is the common denominator in their success? The customer experience is at the center of their business design. Each of these companies recognize the value in using data to personalize the customer journey, and providing unique user experiences.
…But You’ve Got to Get It Right
There is a fine line between “overwhelming” and “helping” in this digital marketing era. A company must stand on the helpful side of the line and offer truly personalized experiences in order to be successful. Otherwise, customer retention suffers. Careful consideration and proper implementation of three digital solutions “engage users long term and drive positive outcomes: Segmentation, relevance and rewards.”
- Segmentation is the opposite of a one-size-fits-all approach to marketing. To provide a unique experience based on user preference, companies must ask their customers questions—or infer their answers based on their behaviors. Using that segmented data gives companies a leg up in customizing every touchpoint during the customer journey.
- Context has evolved beyond the when and where; today’s data shows us such details as how consumers are feeling and if their social preferences. If the goal is to create a unique user profile for each customer, businesses must consider this new multi-faceted context to relevant content to the correct consumer.
- Companies and apps must earn the privilege of their user’s information. Requiring too much personal information too early in their journey turns off potential customers. In this age of immediate satisfaction, it’s better business practice to initially gather only absolutely necessary information then reward the user with a coupon or incentive to maintain engagement.
To successfully engage customers, businesses rely on robust analytics to tell them many things, namely how users prefer to conduct business. Sometimes, their preference is as complex as their personalities.
The Omni-Channel Method
Every touch point along the customer journey can make or break a sale. Convenience often trumps everything else, so when a user wants to continuing engaging with a business via several different channels, companies must be able to keep up. Analytics like OnviSource allow companies to optimize CX through “channel-dependent actionable knowledge.” Flipping the traditional “inside-out” approach to customer satisfaction on its head, today’s “outside-in” approach has improved retention and brand awareness. Because the emotional journey of a customer is subjective, so there is no blanket approach to meet all needs. However, by taking a customer-centric approach through omni-channel analytics, companies are personalizing the customer experience by considering their perspective and emotions.
The customer doesn’t always make it easy, though. When they establish interest by clicking a Facebook ad while on mobile, call a service center with questions, then sign up via email for coupon offers, companies are faced the difficult task of capturing all of this information. The cumbersome nature of maintaining a user-centric approach to business is far outweighed by the benefits. Today’s businesses have data that shows price and service are the biggest indicators of customer tenure, as well as data to predict churn. Knowing these things about your customer is a great way to proactively reach out with incentives to increase retention.
Digital Transformation and the Customer Experience
A recent The State of Salesforce Report shows more than half of the participating companies point to an intelligent application as their most valuable in predicting their next steps. Digital transformation is at the helm of today’s market, encouraging companies to invest in intelligent applications.
For example, Salesforce Analytics Cloud encourages humans and technology to work together to improve business outcomes by supports rapid analysis of data while empowering employees to discover insights. Investments in analytics that mimic the way the human brain works, making use of unstructured data, means companies can gather more data and make smarter business decisions. Intelligent, predictive tools capable of automation give businesses a competitive advantage.
Data makes all the difference when it comes to the customer experience. Collecting, analyzing, and understanding customer data has taught us an integrated omni-channel strategy creates the optimal CX and improves journey mapping. Properly gauging your customer and their behavior means improving retention and loyalty to your brand.
This post was brought to you by IBM Global Technology Services. For more content like this, visit IT Biz Advisor.
Daniel Newman is the Principal Analyst of Futurum Research and the CEO of Broadsuite Media Group. Living his life at the intersection of people and technology, Daniel works with the world’s largest technology brands exploring Digital Transformation and how it is influencing the enterprise. Read Full Bio | <urn:uuid:8de72d1b-8795-4bc3-ac09-cc6e8ba1588e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://futurumresearch.com/what-are-you-doing-with-your-customer-data/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.942224 | 1,342 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Gogo is an impressive way to bookmark directories inside your shell. It allows you to create shortcuts to long and complicated paths in Linux. This way, you don’t have to type or remember long and complicated paths anymore in Linux.
For example, if you have a directory ~/Documents/Phone-Backup/Linux-Docs/Ubuntu/, using gogo, you can create an alias (a shortcut name), for instance
Ubuntu to access it without typing the whole path anymore. No matter your current working directory, you can move into ~/cd Documents/Phone-Backup/Linux-Docs/Ubuntu/ by simply using the alias
In addition, it also allows you to create aliases for connecting directly into directories on remote Linux servers.
How to Install Gogo in Linux Systems
To install Gogo, first clone the gogo repository from Github and then copy the
gogo.py to any directory in your PATH environmental variable (if you already have the
~/bin/ directory, you can place it here, otherwise create it).
$ git clone https://github.com/mgoral/gogo.git $ cd gogo/ $ mkdir -p ~/bin #run this if you do not have ~/bin directory $ cp gogo.py ~/bin/
Then add a function from
gogo.sh to your
~/.bashrc (for Bash) or
~/.zshrc (for Zsh) file and verity it as shown.
$ cat gogo.sh >> ~/.bashrc $ tail ~/.bashrc OR $ cat gogo.sh >> ~/.zshrc
How to Use Gogo in Linux Systems
To start using gogo, you need to logout and login back to use it. Gogo stores its configuration in
~/.config/gogo/gogo.conf file (which should be auto created if it doesn’t exist) and has the following syntax.
# Comments are lines that start from '#' character. default = ~/something alias = /desired/path alias2 = /desired/path with space alias3 ="/this/also/works" zażółć ="unicode/is/also/supported/zażółć gęślą jaźń"
If you run gogo run without any arguments, it will go to the directory specified in default; this alias is always available, even if it’s not in the configuration file, and points to $HOME directory.
To display the current aliases, use the
-l switch. From the following screenshot, you can see that default points to
~/home/tecmint which is user tecmint’s home directory on the system.
$ gogo -l
Below is an example of running gogo without any arguments.
$ cd Documents/Phone-Backup/Linux-Docs/ $ gogo $ pwd
To create a shortcut to a long path, move into the directory you want and use the
-a flag to add an alias for that directory in gogo, as shown.
$ cd Documents/Phone-Backup/Linux-Docs/Ubuntu/ $ gogo -a Ubuntu $ gogo $ gogo -l $ gogo -a Ubuntu $ pwd
You can also create aliases for connecting directly into directories on a remote Linux servers. To do this, simple add the following lines to gogo configuration file, which can be accessed using -e flag, this will use the editor specified in the $EDITOR env variable.
$ gogo -e
One configuration file opens, add these following lines to it.
sshroot = ssh://[email protected]:/bin/bash /root/ sshtdocs = ssh://[email protected] ~/tecmint/docs/
To display the gogo help message, use the
$ gogo -h
One notable limitation of gogo is its lack of support for auto-completion – when accessing subdirectories/child directories under an aliased long path.
Gogo github repository: https://github.com/mgoral/gogo
Gogo is a remarkable way that comes in handy, for creating shortcuts to long and complicated paths in Linux. Try it out and share your thoughts about it or ask any questions via the comment form below. | <urn:uuid:24a5b821-b0e9-4a5e-ae69-6cbb063b7268> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wordweavingpoetryjournal.com/tutorials/gogo-create-shortcuts-to-long-directory-paths-in-linux/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.76253 | 928 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Originally developed in Germany c.1790, but considered an Austrian heirloom. Best harvested when 4 – 5″ for cut and come again growth, or it can be left to form 6 – 8″ tall romaine heads. the leaves are green with maroon speckling and flavour is subtle and sweet. Best planted for spring or fall harvests as this variety can bolt quickly in the summer heat.
Days to maturity: 25 – 35 days for baby leaf
55 – 65 days for mature leaf
Seed per pack: 300 seeds
Germination Rate: 88%
*******If seeds are on sale, it is because they are from a previous season*********** | <urn:uuid:606b97a1-9c79-4fbe-8f93-8fd47df2863e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fiestagardens.ca/product/lettuce-romaine-forellenschluss-matchbox/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936509 | 143 | 1.648438 | 2 |
In the two signal super model tiffany livingston of T cell activation, the outcome of antigen identification is determined by the integration of multiple cues in the immune microenvironment. neutrophil, monocyte, dendritic cell, T cell, gamma-delta and alpha-beta Testosterone levels cell function (Delgoffe and Powell, 2009; Jameson and Mills, 2009; Saemann and Weichhart, 2009). This review focuses on recent findings elucidating the ability of mTOR to regulate T cell activation and differentiation. Particularly, findings showing the hyperlink between the exclusive metabolic requirements of Testosterone levels cells and the capability of mTOR to integrate environmental cues to immediate Capital t cell difference and function will become talked about. The disassociation of acknowledgement and function in the adaptive immune system response In the most old fashioned sponsor protection, acknowledgement and function happen almost concurrently (Braun et al., 1994). For example, protein created by one stress of bacterias recognize receptors and get rid of additional stresses of bacterias. As microorganisms became even more complicated, the want for even more advanced immune system reactions developed. Acknowledgement of Virus Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) by different receptors led to differential signaling and reactions (Janeway, 1989). For example in PAMPs can business lead to different reactions depending whether the Cost or Defense Insufficiency (IMD) path is usually triggered. Signaling via Cost paths prospects to the elaboration of the antimicrobial proteins attacin while IMD signaling prospects to the manifestation of drosomycin (Tanji and Ip, 2005). That is usually, acknowledgement of Cost prospects to a unique type of service when likened to service of IMD. Still, acknowledgement and service happen via a solitary transmission or receptor. The advancement of adaptive immune system reactions heralded the disassociation of acknowledgement and response. Antigen receptors of adaptive reactions are the items of stochastic systems of producing variety. Whereas such receptors are characterized by beautiful specificity, identification of antigen will not really impart details in conditions of what type of response should occur. Rather, this details is certainly supplied by accessories (second or third) indicators (Curtsinger and Mescher; Sharpe, 2009). That is certainly, when a Testosterone levels cell receptor identifies its cognate peptide (for example ovalbumin peptide) there is certainly nothing at all about the identification of ovalbumin that tells the Testosterone levels cell whether to become a Testosterone levels assistant 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 or regulatory cell. Furthermore, this recognition will not instruct a differentiated cell buy 1227158-85-1 to become anergic or activated. Such guidelines arrive from the existence or lack of indicators made from the environment that not really just mediate early natural defenses but qualitatively modulate adaptive defenses. As such, with this boost in style with respect to antigen identification arrived the requirement to develop a system to integrate environmental cues. The mammalian Focus on of Rapamycin as an environmental sensor Rapamycin was originally recognized as an anti-fungal substance produced from and and and (Battaglia et al., 2005; Kang et al., buy 1227158-85-1 2008; Kopf et al., 2007). Rapamcyin-induced regulatory Capital t cell era is definitely connected with histone L3E4me2 and 3 methylation near the transcriptional begin site (Sauer et al., 2008). On the other hand, service of the Akt-mTOR axis by the manifestation of a constitutively energetic Akt impairs the era of Compact disc4+ Foxp3+ Capital t cells in the thymus (Haxhinasto et al., 2008). In the periphery, it shows up as if PD-L1 on the surface area of antigen delivering cells can promote the advancement, maintenance and function of inducible regulatory Capital t cells in component by suppressing mTOR service in Capital t cells (Francisco et al., 2009). In the beginning, it was believed that rapamycin particularly inhibited mTORC1 without influencing mTORC2 activity. As such, the capability of rapamycin to promote Treg era was attributed to its capability to slow down mTORC1. Nevertheless, research in many different Mouse monoclonal antibody to KDM5C. This gene is a member of the SMCY homolog family and encodes a protein with one ARIDdomain, one JmjC domain, one JmjN domain and two PHD-type zinc fingers. The DNA-bindingmotifs suggest this protein is involved in the regulation of transcription and chromatinremodeling. Mutations in this gene have been associated with X-linked mental retardation.Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants cell lines possess confirmed the capability of rapamycin to slow down mTORC2 (Sarbassov et al., 2006). Our very own group provides observed that in principal Testosterone levels cells rapamycin at dosages as low as 20nMeters can slow down both mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity (unpublished results). Along these relative lines, the hereditary removal of mTORC1 activity or mTORC2 activity by itself provides buy 1227158-85-1 been proven to end up being inadequate to promote Treg difference (Delgoffe et al., 2009; Shelter et al., 2010). Furthermore, even more lately, concentrate provides been positioned on the function of Foxo1 and Foxo3a on controlling Foxp3 reflection (Harada et al., 2010; Von and Merkenschlager Boehmer, 2010; Ouyang et al., 2010). Recognition that mTORC2-reliant phosphorylation of Foxo1 and Foxo3a network marketing leads to inactivation by advertising their sequestration in the cytoplasm (Laplante and Sabatini, 2009b). Both of these transcription elements possess been demonstrated to play a part in Foxp3 appearance. Therefore, in the existence of mTORC2 service, Foxo3a and Foxo1. | <urn:uuid:7d04d85d-cdac-408c-a33b-c2c824a250d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://a-443654.com/in-the-two-signal-super-model-tiffany-livingston-of-t-cell/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.895054 | 1,259 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Mastocytosis, an ailment seen as a a pathologic build up of clonal mast cells in cells, offers a distinctive opportunity to research the development and differentiation of mast cells aswell while their contribution to various pathologic procedures. get rid of mast cells transporting the D816V gain-of-function c-kit mutation. Non-myeloablative bone tissue marrow transplantation is conducted in select individuals to make use of the immunotherapeutic ramifications of the graft. Mast Cells and Systemic Mastocytosis Mastocytosis continues to be perplexing clinicians for over a hundred years. In 1869 Nettleship and Tay explained inside a 2-year-old lady what is Gpr146 right now regarded as the most frequent pores and skin lesion in mastocytosis, urticaria pigmentosa (UP) (1). In 1877, Paul Ehrlich was the first ever to describe mast cells in his research of connective cells cells (2). He thought these cells displayed over nourished or overfed connective cells cells and termed them mastzellen. Close to the same period, Unna exhibited mast cells in your skin lesions of UP (3), the word recommended by Sangster the next 12 months (4). In 1949 the systemic character of mastocytosis was identified by Ellis in his statement from the autopsy results of the 1-year old baby with diffuse body organ infiltration by mast cells (5). As the most commonly included body organ in systemic mastocytosis may be the skin, a substantial number of instances eventually display mast cell infiltration in multiple organs. It really is in this medical setting that the word systemic mastocytosis offers generally been utilized. This systemic body organ infiltration by mast cells frequently leads to protean medical manifestations that regularly obscure the root disease procedure. A consensus classification schema used from the Globe Health Business in 2001 (6) is usually widely used as an acceptable method of the classification and then the diagnosis of the disease (Desk ?(Desk11). TABLE 1 WHOClassification of Mastocytosis* are connected with a rise in mast cell figures generally in most adult individuals with mastocytosis, and in a subset of kids with more serious disease. The initial observation was recommended from the statement that Compact disc34+ cells from your peripheral bloodstream of individuals with mastocytosis, when cultured in vitro in the current presence of SCF, offered rise to raised amounts of mast cells per Compact buy 286370-15-8 disc34+ cell weighed against cells from regular topics (13). A seek out activating mutations in predicated on this observation resulted in the identification from the somatic mutation Asp816 to Val in in peripheral bloodstream mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals with mastocytosis (14). This mutation was consequently identified in your skin and cells of mastocytosis individuals. More recently, extra activating mutation in at codon 816 have already been recognized including Asp 816Phe and Asp816Tyr (15). The Asp816 Val buy 286370-15-8 mutation continues to be recognized in T cells, B cells, and myelomonocytic cells in individuals with mastocytosis, in keeping with the final outcome that mastocytosis is usually a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder (16). It has additionally been recommended that, aside from D816V, additional mutations can donate to the introduction of MC disorders (17C19). Notably, in individuals with SM, many c-kit mutations have already been identified (Desk ?(Desk2)2) (20). Furthermore, various chromosomal problems, additional gene problems, and hereditary polymorphisms have already been talked about as adding to the pathogenesis of SM (21C24). Several problems are recognized in individuals who have yet another myeloid neoplasm aside from SM, i.e. an connected haematopoietic clonal non-MC lineage disease (AHNMD). Many of these problems have been recently linked to unique myeloid neoplasms and also have been thought as disease requirements from the WHO. Additional problems, like the FIPL1/PDGFRA fusion gene, have already been associated with particular myeloid neoplasms and judged as dependable markers enough to define a particular subtype of AHNMD in sufferers with SM. Hence, the current presence of eosinophilia and FIPL1/PDGFRA in an individual with SM supports the medical diagnosis of SM with hypereosinophilic symptoms (SM-HES), a particular variant of SM-AHNMD. TABLE 2 Gene Flaws, Gene Polymorphisms, and Karyotype Abnormalities Reported Connected with Mastocytosis stings and contact with iodinated contrast components (49). Epinephrine continues to be the drug of preference buy 286370-15-8 in the treating hypotension, either idiopathic or induced by environmental elements. Sufferers with mast cell disease and a brief history of hypotensive shows should be suggested to transport epinephrine-filled syringes and trained to self-medicate. These sufferers may also take advantage of the concurrent usage of H1 and H2 antihistamines prophylactically. For an assessment of therapeutic strategies put on mastocytosis, see reference point 50. Classic aswell as newer non-sedative H1 histamines are accustomed to reduce irritability of your skin and mitigate symptoms of pruritis. Amelioration may be accomplished by buy 286370-15-8 using antihistamines but seldom will total ablation of symptoms. | <urn:uuid:1aa6f8b1-99e6-4f81-8f06-b839f847d9be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://movd2016.org/mastocytosis-an-ailment-seen-as-a-a-pathologic-build-up-of/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.932127 | 1,171 | 2.5625 | 3 |
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THE PATHOLOGY OF POWER:
and why we ought to tremble
the devil led him into a high mountain, and showed Him
all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time; And
he said to Him: To Thee will I give all this power,
and the glory of them; for to me they are delivered,
to whom I will, I give
(St. Luke 4.5-6)
each of us,
in some manner, this passage
should be construed as one of the most frightening in all Holy Scripture.
Everyone in any position of power, of authority, of dominion over
the lives of others in any way, in any measure — especially within
the Church — should tremble before these words. Read them once again,
and reflect on them.
Prelate or pastor; chairman or manager, senator or selectman … if
you possess power — power over others which you can arbitrarily
exercise to their detriment — you should be concerned, gravely concerned.
You presume to know from whom you received the power you possess.
It is very likely that in truth, whoever you are or whatever your
office, you do not really wish to know—as long as you possess. Power
as possession and possession as power; each is signatory to the
other, and both are the signature of power.
Do you doubt it? How prepared are you to relinquish your power,
to cede even some portion of it to another? How prepared are you
to become subject to another as others are now subject to you? If
you fear this — why do you fear? From what likelihood of injustice
do you flee? And if you would flee it as an evil, why do you now
embrace it as a good?
In a word, why does the possession of power please you? Why do you
esteem it a good — in fact so great a good that you are unwilling
or reluctant to relinquish it? If you do not pause to dwell on that
question, and to answer it honestly, then it is power that possesses
you and not you that possess power. It is power as pathological,
subjugating others but no longer susceptible to being subjugated
itself. It is the will as recalcitrant to itself.
While able to exercise control over others, it does so in and through
the inability to exercise control over itself. It is, in the end,
incapable of dispossessing itself. The will and power become synonymous
such that the act of willing itself becomes indistinguishable from
the power that motivates it. The will retains its primacy, but no
longer its autonomy. It is free to exercise power but it is no longer
free to relinquish it. It is free to exact, but not to yield; to
lay levy, but to pay no tribute, to dominate but not to submit.
This is power as tyranny, uncurbed by reason, and were it possible,
unrestrained. Its end is always itself and not the other, except
inasmuch as the end of another redounds to its own end. In this
sense, it is the apotheosis of the self, the self construed as a
If we have read Homer we find that the principal difference between
the Homeric gods and men is nothing in the way of exemplary virtue
(there is as much turpitude among the gods as among men), but a
difference in the magnitude of power, in the exercise of power ...
most often arbitrarily ... and almost always tragically.
Or perhaps you alone, among all men, are like unto God in goodness?
Perhaps you are the servant who is greater than his Master? Are
you? Are you greater than Christ,
being in the form of God… emptied Himself, taking the form of a
1 Jesus Christ Himself did not cling to power — but submitted
Himself to it ... to Caiaphas, to Pilate, to the jeering mob, and
in the end to those who drove the nails into His hands and feet.
You are without excuse. All the reasons that you invoke to cling
to this euphoric caricature of power are so many pretensions and
lies. One day, and not a day of your choosing, that power will be
taken from you and utterly cease … or pass to another. Pharaoh,
Caesar, Emperor, King, Prelate — President, Chairman of the Board,
Manager, Supervisor — every stratum of power under which man bends
… oppressed, subdued, exploited … has its end ... and it's accountability.
Even if it is expunged from history, erased from living memory,
it will stand in the dock before God and testify against you!
Before you take the seat of power, then, know the liability that
you incur. As the magnitude of power escalates, so too the susceptibility
to evil implicit within it, attendant to it, and with ever greater
urgency you must ask yourself, from whom, truly, does this power
derive — to what end, and at whose expense? If this question does
not make you tremble, you can be sure from whom it comes ... for
even the just, St. Paul tells us, work out their salvation
in fear and trembling.2
But most especially, in our present article, it is particularly
apropos of those in the Church.
Because, as it has been said,
the Church where the light is brightest, the shadows are darkest.”
It is the lamp set upon a hill. It is a light to the nations.
It is the preeminent moral authority among Catholic Christians.
Here, the grasping for power, the arbitrary exercise of power, the
relishing of power, especially to the detriment of the powerless,
is not simply utterly inconsistent with, but is an egregious defection
from, Jesus Christ, Who emptied himself of power and came among
us as one who serves. Yet even here, where the light prevails, the
shadows linger, and the brighter the light the deeper the shadows.
Here, encountering what is most noble, we also encounter what is
The Dark Provenance of Power
the devil led him into a high mountain, and showed Him all
the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time; And he said
to Him: To Thee will I give all this power, and the glory
of them; for to me they are delivered, and to whom I will,
I give them.”
(St. Luke 4.5-6)
Ponder that carefully. While the evil one
father of lies”
2 … and we must be careful how we read this, I think that
we can be fairly certain—especially in light of history, and in
light of our own experiences with people who have exercised power
over us, that the seat of power is at best a perilous perch indeed.
It is a height that is commensurable to a depth.
We flatter ourselves than we have acquired power through our wit,
our talent, our ability, our intelligence; in short, that we
merit power. We deserve it. We have earned
it. It is ours in justice as in recompense. This, of course, is
a fiction. Another scenario is as likely: we convince ourselves
that we have acquired this power through our cleverness. We have
insinuated ourselves into power by manipulating people, currying
some, crushing others, assiduously constructing a network of “connections”
that will be the conduit to the pinnacle of power. We deceive.
In one sense we misunderstand power, politely abjuring it even as
we lust for it. The reality, however, is that power — in our own
lives, no less than in the life of the Church — can be either magnificently
redemptive ... or, as we have more often seen, unimaginably destructive.
It can lift up, or it can crush; preserve life or take it. It can
feed and it can make famine. It can heal and it can maim. It can
exonerate and it can crucify.
The ancient allurement to the unbridled, even the gratuitous expression
of our own will against all that would curb it, against the reproach
of justice, even against the reproval of reason itself ... is not
merely an enticement; it is a frightful human liability; a liability
of which satan is keenly aware, and equally adept at exploiting.
Power becomes an asset in itself. When this occurs, our liability
to it becomes fully exploited ... and the means to the exploitation
of others. And this is to say that power is always relational.
It asserts itself through possession and influence; it seeks and
claims dominion, uncurbed self-expression and unrestrained self-assertion.
It boldly manifests itself not merely in the amassing of material
goods, but most perniciously in the acquiring of ever escalating
positions, titles, and offices which themselves escalate the power
through which they were first acquired. Having become an asset ever
increasing in value through escalation, power culminates in personality
and power, in the personality that possesses the power, and in the
power that possesses the personality.
At this point we confront power as pathology.
Inextricable from the personality, it becomes the expression of
the personality ... but ... because it is always and intrinsically
relational ... the expression is always exercised to the
spiritual, psychological, physical, or moral detriment of others.
Power as pathology cannot be otherwise, cannot express itself otherwise,
for it is preeminently the power to assert one will against the
protest, and always the good, of another.
The Sole Antidote
to the Pathogen of Power
there is another relational power, one that is, in all its effects,
contrary to, even remedial of, the relational power of the unbridled
will — and this is love. Power as love, as a munificent expression
of the self to the benefit of others, rather than as a pathology
expressive of the self as acquisitive to the detriment,
the expropriation, of others, does not differ in its ability to
exercise influence over others — it differs in its perception
of others — as ends in themselves and
not as means to ends
that converge on the self. It perceives
others not in terms of itself, and how it will benefit relative
to others, but in terms of the other itself, to the end of the
other — not the end of the self. In fact, this is what we understand
by love, and how we differentiate love from selfishness. In a word,
love gives, where selfishness acquires. The power to give and the
power to acquire are quite distinct, and the means through which
each are effected are diametrically opposite. Acquisitiveness deprives;
love invests. God, St. James tells us, is
Giver of every good thing”
It is the
evil one, the predator who takes what is not his, who seeks to
acquire for himself, ever plundering through "taking from",
"depriving of", what in justice belongs to another, seeking to acquire
that he may corrupt and destroy what he appropriates, that no good
may reach fruition or attain to perfection.
How many parallels
we find in our own lives — and, alas, for sorrow — in the lives
of many even within the Church ... from the great Dicasteries in
Rome to the pettiest of parish councils ... how many have acquired
— and exercise — power precisely through relinquishing charity!
Unable to reconcile the two, they inevitably opt for one by forfeiting
the other. It is a rare man in whom power and charity equitably
abide, in whom the exercise of power derives from the obligations
of love. This mutuality we construe as the virtue of justice and
we speak of such a man as a "just man", in whom power and charity
reciprocate rather than conflict. Power is not diminished through
the exercise of charity, and charity is not diminished through the
exercise of power. In the just man we see a reflection of God, for
power and charity are preeminently attributes of God, in Whom alone
the perfection, and the perfect exercise of each, constitutes the
Divine attribute of Justice.
Love does not coerce. Period. It does not diminish the other, deprive
the other, depredate the other, reduce to abject poverty that it
may appear more magnanimous still after it has lifted what it first
crushed. Love is not a taking-from, it is a giving-to; it is not
the imposition of the will as an extension of the self, it is the
invitation to will the abundance of the other even to the dispossession
of itself. It can only find, realize, authenticate its beneficence
through benefiting the other — not itself. It is solicitous
of, and ever in loving service toward the lesser — even the least.
The paradigm of perfect love — because the paradigm for all Christians
is Christ — is found in the act of truly loving our enemies ...
from whom we can hope, anticipate, no benefit, no return, nothing
that would motivate us through self-interest. This is the possession
of power — not over others, which is so easily achieved: it is power
over oneself, over all our inclinations, our selfishness,
our pride; paradoxically even over the inducement to power itself!
In loving our enemies we bow down to no one but God — for we refuse
to bow down to ourselves, in and through whom alone the perversion
of power is possible.
The Pathogenesis of Power
whence this perverse ambition for power, so likely, so liable, to
corrupt, and through its corruption, abuse? The lust for domination
and the exercise of a sinful will, together with its attendant misuse
of power, is a direct consequence of the Fall of Man in the Garden
of Eden. Of itself, power is not evil. When that which motivates
the exercise of power is love, it is a great good. When that which
motivates the exercise of power is ambition, it is evil. Power becomes
no longer the means, but the end. What is meant, given, to be expendable,
becomes instead an asset in itself, an asset to preserve, and not
spend, to augment, and not deplete. Love ceases to motivate power
and is replaced by ambition. The self, and self-love, becomes the
axis of the universe in place of God, the love of God, and the genuine
love of others.
It is here that we most clearly see that satan as the perverter
of power, the one who works to pervert the good, to plunder and
then corrupt the good, making it subject to himself, perverting
the power of service to God and man to an instrument of service
to the self, to self-adulation as a parody of love, a parody that
culminates in the introverted caricature of love which we know as
Promised power and unfettered freedom, together with all the riches
and esteem of this world, we are invited, seduced, by this illusory
pledge of happiness understood in terms through which, ultimately,
no happiness is possible. He promises what he cannot possibly deliver
— and has never delivered!
No matter what satan may promise, he cannot give us happiness, for
it is not his to give ... but as we have seen, power is! Beware!
He would have us believe that power and happiness are reciprocal,
even synonymous — in effect, that the unfettered exercise of our
will brings us the satisfaction, the utter felicity we long for.
we have all we want, when we want it, and at whatever cost to whomever
... we shall be truly happy ...!”
acquiring the desire of his heart in this world, material or sensual,
has ever reposed in happiness? In an instant it passes to another,
or ceases to be altogether. We have seen it. It is, after all, how
we ourselves have acquired it, by the relinquishing of it by another
to whom it no longer belongs nor brings happiness. Among the polities
of man, none is greater, none more vast, more numerous, more populous
than that in which, one and all, without exception, quietly and
incessantly attests to this: Necropolis — the vast city
of the dead whom we hedge with cypress and yew ... lest we witness
what we would deny!
We all have within us that weakness, that inheritance of sin from
our first parents, that allurement and terrible susceptibility to
sin and temptation, to ascend that seductive and sad summit of power
... and to precipitously fall.
Next, Part II:
Power and Prostitution: Selling our Mother into Shame
Boston Catholic Journal
1 II Philippians 2.6-7
St. John 8.45
3 St. James 1.17
Printable PDF Version
Comments? Write us:
Totally Faithful to the Sacred
Deposit of Faith entrusted to the Holy See in
opera tua ... quia modicum habes virtutem, et servasti
verbum Meum, nec non negasti Nomen Meum”
know your works ... that you have but little power,
and yet you have kept My word, and have not denied My
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must be given to the Boston Catholic Journal. | <urn:uuid:25c49a05-316b-4238-aedf-3443b9981d30> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://boston-catholic-journal.com/pathology-of-power-third-temptation-why-we-ought-to-tremble-1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.946442 | 4,051 | 1.9375 | 2 |
The driver of No. 17 has a problem approaching the Church Street stop. The double-decker tram can’t pass the trees in front of the Queen Victoria Market.
The ‘traditional’ Australian solutions would be cutting the offending branches. Often big gum trees (eucalypts) are used along the streets even under power lines. Said trees will grow to more than 20 metres in height, which of course will interfere with the power lines. The solution is not planting lower trees, but cutting the main trunk. Instead you will have to major branches each to facing sides with the power lines passing through the middle of the tree, which to my opinion is not very attractive.
So the solution in Wombat Creek will not be cutting branches. Instead the trees will grow taller! | <urn:uuid:12167c91-1016-4cd3-a64a-7b9fea5a6ca6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wct.payne-ellef.dk/2022/03/07/low-hanging-branches/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.944199 | 162 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Water solubility is a fundamental parameter for risk assessment. It is critical to understanding the environmental fate of substances, and also has relevance for effects assessment e.g. in toxicity study design, toxicokinetics and as a key parameter in chemical activity. It is therefore important that tools and techniques are available to make accurate determinations of water solubility across the full range of chemical substances requiring to be assessed.
Issues with assessing water solubility of substances that are described as ‘difficult-to-test’ arise for reasons such as:
- Experimental challenges for poorly soluble substances, including difficulty in preparation of test solutions, analysis of test concentrations (particularly for UVCBs), and a lack of OECD guidelines to carry out suitable experimental water solubility measurements on poorly soluble liquid substances.
- Little guidance on how to experimentally determine the water solubility of surface active components (and mixtures) and to determine the phase behaviour of the substances (with respect to critical micelle concentration).
- Limited accuracy of commonly used QSAR for predicting water solubility of ‘difficult-to-test’ substances. For example, for poorly soluble aliphatic hydrocarbons, WSKOWWIN tends to overestimate solubility when compared with experimental data, whereas SPARC (which is no longer free to use) shows somewhat greater accuracy but does not show sensitivity in solubility predictions for structural isomers, which can differ by over an order of magnitude. Novel approaches, such as quantum chemical computation of solvent-accessible molecular volume (SAVOL) have shown promise as a means of predicting water solubility of aliphatic hydrocarbons more accurately (Tolls et al, 2002; Letinski et al, 2016). For poorly soluble organics which are solid in their natural state, issues with predicting melting point are also carried over into estimations of subcooled liquid solubility. The reliability of QSARs for predicting water solubility (or surrogate critical micelle concentration, CMC) of surfactants is also generally considered to be poor. Furthermore, the accuracy of QSAR, which underpin a range of models, is of critical importance for UVCBs for which this is the only practical means to derive water solubility of individual constituents for use in risk assessment. In calculating the solubility of UVCBs, multicomponent dissolution behaviour also needs to be considered. Few QSAR models are equipped to a) define the composition of, and b) generate meaningful property data for UVCBs, generally. A recent challenge issued by Llinàs et al (2008) to develop improved models for the prediction of water solubility of drug-like molecules highlights the current issues with reliability of experimental water solubility data, and its subsequent impact on the accuracy of QSAR.
- Representativeness of water solubility, in deionised water, compared with toxicity test solutions and environmental media, where factors such as the presence of other solutes, differing temperature and use of co-solvents for spiking may affect the solubility of poorly soluble substances (Weyman et al, 2012). Water solubility is often used to inform maximum target exposure concentrations in toxicity tests, and as a benchmark for analytical data to evaluate whether (under/over) saturation has been achieved. Similarly for in-vitro assays, an understanding of water solubility is key to obtaining quantitative results.
The project aims to increase overall understanding of the challenges associated with water solubility testing of 1) poorly soluble substances (solids and liquids), 2) surface active substances and/or 3) UVCBs, and to improve the accuracy of tools and techniques used to derive data to inform environmental risk assessment for these substances.
- Conduct a review of approaches and propose guidelines for water solubility testing of the aforementioned ‘difficult-to-test’ substances, with a view to updating the OECD 105 guideline.
- Define a representative group of test compounds to benchmark the updated OECD 105 method and conduct a ring test of the proposed new approach(es) to demonstrate robustness and feasibility of the methods to be implemented at CROs.
- Consult the available literature for best examples of QSARs and assess their effectiveness at predicting water solubility of the group of the benchmark compounds. Make recommendations of future improvements to available models for predicting water solubility of the aforementioned difficult to test substances.
Download here the full version of the RfP LRI-ECO38. | <urn:uuid:9253b8e0-ade5-4780-8710-8045c765fa66> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cefic-lri.org/request-for-proposals/lri-eco38-improving-determinations-of-water-solubility-for-difficult-to-test-substances-deadline-31-august-2016/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.891662 | 948 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Crocus Cornelius : Alardus Aemstelredamus en Cornelius Crocus : twee Amsterdamse priester-humanisten : hun leven, werken en theologische opvattingen : bijdrage tot de kennis van het humanisme in Noord-Nederland in de eerste helft van de zestiende eeuw.
Crodacott John : The vanity and mischief of making earthly, together with the necessity and benefit of making heavenly treasures our chiefe treasure : opened in a sermon at Mary Spittle, before the Right Honorable the Lord Major and court of aldermen, of the city of London, and divers worthy citizens at their solemn anniversarie meeting, on Tuesday in Easter Week, being the 17 of Aprill 1655. / By John Crodacott, preacher of Gods word at Saviours Southwark, and Sepulchres London.
Croese Gerardus 1642 1710 : The general history of the Quakers : containing the lives, tenents, sufferings, tryals, speeches and letters of the most eminent Quakers, both men and women : from the first rise of that sect down to this present time / being written originally in Latin by Gerard Croese ; to which is added a letter writ by George Keith ...
Croft J M : Aquatic plants in Britain and Ireland / C.D. Preston and J.M. Croft ; illustrated by G.M.S. Easy.
Croft J R : IRID : Ionising Radiations Incident Database : first review of cases reported and operation of the database / J.R. Croft ... [et al.].
Croft James : The tenour of the letters directed by the lords of hir highnesse privie counsell to hir Maiesties high comissioners in causes ecclesiasticall, for the publike receyving and teaching of Ch. Ocklandes booke in all Grammer & freescholes within this realme..
Croft Janet : Changing schools : three case studies of change initiatives September 1987 to March 1993.
Croft Jo : Our house : the representation of domestic space in modern culture / edited by Gerry Smyth and Jo Croft.
Croft Richard 1649 Or 50 : The wise steward : Being a sermon preached the Thursday in Whitson-week, 1696. In the parish church of Feckenham, in the county of Worcester; before the trustees, at the opening of a free-school, and publick charity, there founded and liberally endowed by the honourable Sir Thomas Cookes, Baronet. By Richard Croft, A.M. Vicar of Stratford upon Avon in the county of Warwick. | <urn:uuid:7f95c022-d642-4d85-a45f-32fa90b517f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://library.hull.ac.uk/search~S3?/aCrockford%2C+William./acrockford+william/-3,-1,0,B/browse | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.807559 | 599 | 1.835938 | 2 |
SOURCE is a monthly solar project finance journal that our team distributes to our network of clients and solar stakeholders. Our newsletter contains solar statistics from current real-life solar projects, trends, and observations gained through monthly interviews with our solar project finance team, and it incorporates news from a variety of industry resources.
PROJECT FINANCE STATISTICS
The following statistics represent some high-quality solar projects and portfolios that we are actively reviewing for investment.
Massachusetts – The commercial solar market is at a standstill for all but a small number of projects that will be eligible for a May 2017 SREC II extension. Potential host customers continue to issue requests for proposals (RFPs), but without firm program guidelines in place for a successor program, submitting accurate, honest pricing for these RFPs remains impossible. While the industry awaits the new program – which is set to go into effect in summer 2017 – new commercial development has come to a halt, and will stay that way if no extension to SREC II is granted. Meanwhile, the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources (DOER) has convened weekly stakeholder meetings to work through many remaining questions about their straw proposals. Expect for the new program to be very rooftop heavy; strict land restrictions have been proposed that will limit most greenfield development.
We’ve always considered the Northeast market to be fundamentally different. It is deregulated, electricity is expensive, the utilities are not nearly as powerful as they are in the Midwest or South, and land is relatively more challenging to secure and purchase (because of restrictions and costs). As a result, we expect the Northeast to increasingly move toward commercial and residential distributed generation and away from utility-scale projects.
Virginia – After installing only 10MW in 2015, Virginia is on its way to install over 1GW of solar capacity over the next five years. In fact, SEIA estimates that the installed solar capacity in Virginia has grown by 72% over the last year. Solar legislation has had limited success at the state house year after year. So, what gives? The reasons for this dramatic uptick are multi-fold: Dominion has pledged 400MW of solar by 2020, for one, and corporates continue to enter into creative financing arrangements in the Commonwealth. With renewable pledges from the McAuliffe administration and pending changes to Dominion Power’s Renewable Generation Tariff, expect this growth to continue. However, given PPA legality issues – except for a very limited pilot program – most solar development in Virginia will remain utility-scale. The state’s market profile is in stark contrast to Massachusetts for all of the reasons mentioned above. In other news, MDV-SEIA and the Solar Research Institute published the results from its community solar listening sessions and request for information (RFI) earlier this month. Will we see community solar legislation in Virginia in 2017?
Texas – The Lone Star state’s unique regulatory environment – as well as its ample transmission infrastructure – offer options for traditional PPA projects, utility offtake, and hedged corporate offtake contracts. Land and labor costs are affordable, solar irradiation is high, and permitting is favorable. However, given high penetration and the possibility of congestion at certain hubs, a project’s suitability for solar is no longer enough. A truly optimal project must be certain of the long-term transmission and distribution outlook, the local tax regime, and interconnection costs to be compete. Still, expect to see a lot of capacity with slim margins coming out of the Lone Star state. According to SEIA, Texas is expected to install more than 4.6GW of solar electric capacity over the next five years, second only to California during that time span.
- 2016 saw two major shifts in the tax equity market: the ITC extension, and the IRS ruling regarding 50(d) income. The ITC extension means more projects are fighting for scarcer tax appetite, which is also exacerbated by the extension of bonus depreciation. The 50(d) ruling provided much-needed clarity for investors and developers utilizing the lease pass-through structure, though the verdict does limit the amount of depreciation an investor can absorb compared to previous tax interpretation. Developers may also find terms tightening up in the coming months as a result of these changes. As the market continue to mature, we expect (and hope) to see a more apples-to-apples understanding of tax equity pricing across the market in 2017.
- Pricing is quickly heading under $1/Watt for utility-scale projects. Despite strong economics for onsite behind the meter projects, a number of commercial customers are increasingly expressing their preference to scale with offsite solar. Much of this can be attributed to aggressive corporate and institution goals targets to procure a certain percentage of renewables by a certain date.
- Our team is starting to see more sub-investment grade credit opportunities. We predict for more of these projects to emerge as many lower hanging fruit, investment grade counterparties have been picked over.
- Applications for the latest enrollment of Rhode Island’s RE Growth program are due on October 21. Rhode Island – and its very pro-solar Governor Raimondo – proved its commitment to solar energy after passing a package of renewable energy bills earlier this summer.
- Legislation to “pull forward” New Jersey’s solar carve-out to 4.1% by 2021 passed committee earlier this month. If it passes through the General Assembly, will Governor Christie sign it? More importantly, is this bill enough to mitigate future oversupply? On a related note, May, 31 2017 is the deadline for Grid Tied Subsection Q projects to be delivered.
- The buzz around storage is starting to reach host customers, who are more frequently asking RFP respondents to include both a solar only option, and an option with a storage adder. While the buzz exists, when will storage be a viable solution across all markets? Storage is being discussed more in New York, and given the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources’ recent straw proposal, MA is piquing the interest of storage developers. In places like California and Hawaii, storage is becoming a critical component to customer facing solutions and even utility-scale projects.
- It’s that time again. As the industry rushes to meet Q4 closing deadlines, developers and financiers are also starting to line up early stage 2017 pipeline. We see a far expanded solar market in 2017, both in terms of size and geographic diversity. We expect big news out of the South in the coming years.
- Maryland projects are harder and harder to pencil as SREC prices continue to fall, and no other incentive regime exists for non-residential projects. The industry has its eyes on a veto override in January, which could provide short-term price support. Unfortunately, the expected boost may still not get solar projects to the level of economic viability that developers and customers require.
- Time of use (TOU) rates are very much top of mind in California, where rate cases are pending for the investor owned utilities (IOUs) that would push peak periods later in the day. San Diego Gas & Electric – also the first IOU to hit its net energy metering (NEM) 1.0 cap –is the farthest along. Meanwhile, California is already beginning to discuss NEM 3.0, and advocates are getting up to speed on solar + storage analytics, which will be important to future NEM frameworks in the state.
ABOUT SOL SYSTEMS
Sol Systems, a national solar finance and development firm, delivers sophisticated, customized services for institutional, corporate, and municipal customers. Sol is employee-owned, and has been profitable since inception in 2008. Sol is backed by Sempra Energy, a $25+ billion energy company.
Over the last eight years, Sol Systems has delivered more than 500 MW of solar projects for Fortune 100 companies, municipalities, universities, churches, and small businesses. Sol now manages over $650 million in solar energy assets for utilities, banks, and Fortune 500 companies.
Inc. 5000 recognized Sol Systems in its annual list of the nation’s fastest-growing private companies for four consecutive years. For more information, please visit www.solsystems.com. | <urn:uuid:1b83b33d-5ed0-4b9e-bdad-e2d7a03dfe0a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.solsystems.com/source-the-sol-project-finance-journal-october-2016/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.937109 | 1,690 | 1.546875 | 2 |
"Because they did not know God, therefore, in their error, they worshipped every creature as divine, namely the Sun, the Moon and stars, thunder, birds, even four-legged animals, even the toad. They also had forests, fields and bodies of water, which they held so sacred that they neither chopped wood nor dared to cultivate fields or fish in them." ~ Peter of Dusburg, Chronicon Terrae Prussiae, iii, 5, 53.
THE 4TH GATE OF GRIEF
Check out this podcast conversation we recorded with the lovely Leilani Navar of the Turning Season's Podcast.
In this weeks podcast episode we have Skye and Miraz joining us. We go deep into a number of themes exploring the culture of separation that plagues the collective sphere we all find ourselves in, the re-orientation of our perception to animistic worldviews, their many years in the amazon jungle studying amazonian shamanism, the frameworks that the indigneous shipibo people passed onto them to assist in the relating with a living breathing jungle, and extrapolating from that, a living breathing planet, and how this path interrelates into the work that they’re currently doing, known as deep ecology, aka, the work that reconnects.
I can still remember the exact moment I spotted Lilikoi's tendriled, amethyst body in a sea of lush green forest... her celestial scent mingled with the heady humus of the jungle floor...
I've noticed a lot of cicadas around at the moment and I came across a number of dead and dying ones on a recent walk through the forest. A lifelong lover of these wild, chorusing beings... I gently and reverently cupped one in the palm of my hand as it beat it's wings for the last time and then curled it's tiny legs inward, passing quietly from this form. Savoring the sweet intimacy of the moment, I laid it gently back on the ground and sat near it's resting place in the dappled green light of the leaf-filtered sun... humus scented air and the not-too-distant call of a lyrebird...
I spent most of my last days of this year sitting by a creek or at the feet of giants in silence... letting the land strip away my human story and remembering my life as dragonfly kissing the water... as echidna moving through the underbrush, nose in the fragrant loamy soil... as cicada, old skin still attached to the bark of my transformational perch- chorusing the sunset... as lyrebird warbling and dancing in the undergrowth... as Mountain Ash, straight and silver barked with feet in the earth and crown in the heavens...
In its essence, The Work that Reconnects (sometimes called Deep Ecology or Active Hope) is an attempt to address the crisis of perception, otherwise known the delusion of a separate self, that is believed to be at the core of the ecological, social, and economic troubles we are currently facing. In this way, it aims to help facilitate the realization of what Thich Nhat Hanh calls ‘Interbeing’.
"Our ancestry streches back through the life forms and into the stars, back into the beginnings of the primeval fireball. This universe is a single multiform energetic unfolding of matter, mind, intelligence and life." -Brian Swimme
"At every level, from atoms and molecules to cells, organs, and organisms, complex wholes arise bringing new capacities into existence. At each level, the whole acts through its parts to achieve more than we could ever imagine from examining the parts alone. So what new capacities emerge when groups of people act together to form larger systems? 'Joanna Macy" | <urn:uuid:7e06f45e-496b-49f6-9748-e5be4f8015c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deepearthdreaming.world/category/deep-ecology-the-work-that-reconnects/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.94158 | 783 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Unofficial consolidated patents legislation
An unofficial consolidated copy of the principal patent legislation Patents Act 1992 and supporting Patents Rules 1992 which identifies each amendment by separate colour. For reference purposes only.
Patents primary legislation effective in Ireland
Patents secondary legislation
Secondary legislation on patents in Ireland consists of statutory instruments (SI) that fall into one of the following categories:
- Patent Rules 1992 and subsequent amendments
- Giving effect in Irish law to EU regulations relating to patents
- Commencements Orders, fee changes, etc.
SIs, Rules, Fees and Commencement Orders made under the primary legislation are available to view under the Principal Act on the Irish Statute Book: Patents Act 1992
Regulations implementing EU patents legislation into Irish law
International Agreements or Treaties effective in Ireland
Patent Law Treaty (2000)
The Patent Law Treaty (PLT) aims to harmonise and streamline formal procedures in respect of national and regional patent applications and patents, making those procedures more user-friendly. The PLT was agreed on 1 June 2000 and entered into force on 28 April 2005. Ireland deposited its instrument of ratification for the Patent Law Treaty at the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) in Geneva on 27 February 2012 and it came into effect in Ireland on 27 May 2012.
Patent Cooperation Treaty (1970)
The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) was signed in 1970 and came into force in 1978. Ireland ratified the Treaty in 1992. The PCT now has 145 contracting states. The Treaty makes it possible to seek patent protection for an invention simultaneously in each of a large number of countries by filing an “international" patent application.
European Patent Convention (2000)
The European Patent Convention (EPC) lays down the legal basis for granting European Patents. Ireland has been a party to the EPC and a member of the European Patent Organisation (EPO) (a non-EU body with 38 Member States), since 1 August 1992. The EPC was revised by a Diplomatic Conference on 29 November 2000. The revised version of the European Patent Convention (EPC 2000) came into force on 13 December 2007.
Trade Related Aspects of International Property Rights (TRIPS) (1994)
TRIPS relates to the inclusion of certain intellectual property rights, including patent protection, under the auspices of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). It ensures a minimum threshold of IP rights applies in all member states that are members of the WTO. It was incorporated into patent legislation in Ireland by means of the Patents (Amendment) Act 2006. | <urn:uuid:c5f7a22f-104c-4767-9509-3276dc5f7c85> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://enterprise.gov.ie/ga/a-ndeanaimid/nualaiocht-taighde-forbairt/intellectual-property/patents/patent-legislation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.918131 | 534 | 2.375 | 2 |
The retreating glaciers in the Alps have unearthed (uniced?) a number of bodies in recent years, but one unidentified skier whose body was discovered near Zermatt in 2005 has recently been identified via social media. Henri Le Masne, born in 1919, went missing after skiing in a storm near the Matterhorn in 1954. The Aosta valley prosecutor had been unsuccessful identifying the corpse so he posted his findings on his Facebook page, and the story made it onto French radio where a niece of the deceased guessed it might be her uncle. Belongings matched and DNA confirmed Henri’s identity.
Roger Le Masne, Henri’s 94yo younger brother said in an email made available to the police: “I am the brother of Henri Le Masne … who is likely the skier who disappeared 64 years ago. He was a bachelor and quite independent. He worked in the finance ministry in Paris”. | <urn:uuid:41a3bac0-8b8e-4cb3-81b4-a5aae4b12f4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.oatridge.co.uk/nic/2018/08/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974206 | 188 | 1.921875 | 2 |
As public servants try to solve complex policy problems, work can pile up. The expectation to be responsive to other departments and citizens is becoming more of a requirement for working in government. It also doesn’t help that we live in an age of distractions.
When Apolitical held an online workshop on productivity in 2019, an officer working at the UN wondered how he could limit distractions such as social media to achieve greater focus throughout the workday.
An Australian public servant asked how she could plan out her tasks better so she could achieve more – being organised was not her strong suit, she said.
A Scottish public servant struggled with managing a range of priorities, sometimes not knowing which tasks should take precedence over the other.
But perhaps most interestingly, it was clear that some public servants struggled with one aspect of productivity while prevailing in others. One public servant from Moldova, for example, said she was great at creating habits for staying focused, but didn’t know how to prioritise tasks under pressure. Weighing your strengths and weaknesses can go a long way to putting you on the path to better productivity.
Ultimately, everyone has different ways of working, and different styles of productivity.
Although your colleague may have stacks of paper thrown about their desk, notes scattered and coffee mugs piling up, it doesn’t mean they are poor planners – they may be able to find the exact document they need in all the mess.
Alternatively, environmental factors and our departments’ reliance on tech can throw unexpected challenges at us that we may not know how to navigate.
That’s why it’s important to know and embrace your productivity style. Carson Tate, a productivity consultant, describes in her book Work Simply: Embracing the Power of Your Personal Productivity Style, four “productivity styles”: the prioritiser, the planner, the arranger and the visualiser.
Ever met someone who has their goals mapped out and skips out on coffee breaks to ensure they get everything done before the clock strikes five? This is a prioritiser. This style describes people who are very goal-oriented and competitive.
They are analytical and approach tasks with logic. Prioritisers are very good at setting the appropriate amount of time to deliver on their tasks. Often they avoid long-winded explanations and chats with colleagues, and do not write long email responses, but keep it to a few short sentences. They are great at executing a task, but often ignore the planning that it may require – although, they don’t stop until it’s done.
Playing into the prioritiser’s competitive nature by setting goals for each assignment will give them a productivity boost.
This can be done by trying to maximise efficiency by cutting down on the time it takes to do routine tasks such as responding to emails quicker by writing new templates. Their consistency is one advantage to their productivity style.
It’s easy to spot a planner when you see one. They’ve colour-coded their notebooks, become best friends with their calendar and are on top of every deadline. People who fall into this productivity style are incredibly detail-oriented and organised.
Rather than looking at the big picture, planners look at the details of a project. They find making lists and setting out tasks before a project begins helpful for being productive. They are great at looking at the fine print, but can’t stand being spontaneous or not having an agenda.
Setting micro to-do lists that break down tasks into small chunks can help give planners a productivity boost. Their organisational skills help them to excel at meetings and managing projects that have a strict deadline.
Teamwork may not always be for everyone, but arrangers are the first people to take charge. Deemed great communicators and facilitators, partnering with colleagues is their speciality. People who fall into this category are instinctive and have a knack for knowing what needs to get done and working with people to achieve it.
They are emotional and expressive and don’t like spending too much time on facts. Forcing an arranger to sit alone without interaction could actually hinder their productivity. They understand how others feel, but may ask too many questions.
Although breaking up tasks with coffee breaks scattered in between may seem like a waste of time for the other productivity types, this can help arrangers thrive. They are great at getting people to deliver on a project and get everyone involved.
If you’re a risk-taker who can juggle a variety of tasks but formulate them all into one cohesive whole, then you’re a visualiser. People who fall under this style thrive under pressure and like a challenge. They have a knack for formulating novel ideas.
Visualisers are great at seeing the bigger picture and how things fall into place. They may not always follow through on detailed plans, but manage to get things right before the deadline. Although they can sometimes create new ways of working, their lack of attention to detail can also lead to problems.
Allowing visualisers the opportunity to be creative in their problem solving will help them become more productive. Their ability to consider outcomes in the future makes them a valuable asset for projects that don’t have a clear end goal. | <urn:uuid:0f055468-057c-41e4-ba5d-7a2c07335cdd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.themandarin.com.au/150031-whats-your-public-service-productivity-style/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.958928 | 1,097 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Homelessness remains a huge issue in Northern Ireland with the number of people sleeping rough in Belfast trebling in the space of a year.
In November, the Housing Executive released figures from their annual street count which revealed 16 people were found sleeping on the street.
This was a dramatic rise from the previous year when five people were found sleeping rough during the count.
Now Belfast Live is taking action and we need your help.
We have partnered up with homeless charity The Welcome Organisation and over the coming months we will be Opening Eyes on Homelessness.
We need our readers to get involved and help to make a positive difference to the fantastic work carried out by this Belfast-based charity.
Your donation to Belfast Live's Opening Eyes on Homelessness will help fund a new Street Outreach van for The Welcome Organisation that will be able to provide medical support to the most vulnerable on the streets of Belfast.
The van is on the street 17 hours a day, every day, providing on the ground homeless support. Your contribution will have a real and positive difference.
Belfast Live Editor Chris Sherrard said: "Homelessness is, sadly, an increasingly common sight on our streets and Belfast hasn't been immune to that. We often feel powerless against the rising tide but there is something we can do.
"There's something we can all do. Let's unite as a city, as a society, to help make those less fortunate than you and I more comfortable, better treated and able to exist with the dignity they deserve."
Watch this short video to see how you can get involved.
Donate via this link and help us spread the awareness by:
- Taking a selfie opening your eyes
- Upload to social media with #EyesOnHomelessness and nominate a friend
- AND please donate to the JustGiving page
Sandra Moore, CEO of The Welcome Organisation, said: “The Welcome Organisation provide on the ground homeless support to some of the most vulnerable people in Belfast. Our Street Outreach van is on the streets of the city 17 hours a day, every day, providing support for people who are rough sleeping.
“The life expectancy of someone sleeping rough is only 43 years old – 30 years younger than the rest of the population. Time on the streets leads to serious health problems – flu or a virus can be a killer. Unfortunately many of those we work with find it hard to go to a GP or A&E or to keep appointments. Simple things we do every day can be intimidating experiences for some.
“By helping fund a van to provide medical support on the streets you - the Belfast Live readership – will be funding a potentially life-saving service.
“We would like to thank the readers of Belfast Live for your support – together we can make our city the best it can be for all of our residents.
“To find out more about all of the services we provide please visit our website – www.homelessbelfast.org”
Joanne Friel, Head of Marketing at Belfast Live, added: "Belfast Live is delighted to get behind this wonderful campaign aimed at bringing practical and much needed support to homeless people on the streets of Belfast.
"We're confident that the generous spirit of our readers will really help The Welcome Organisation continue their amazing work in providing essential care to our most vulnerable residents."
Belfast Live are helping The Welcome Organisation in their aim to purchase a van.
If we are unable to meet our target, funds raised will be used towards charity essentials. Please donate and together we can help fund a new outreach vehicle that will provide much needed care to the people that need it most.
Over the next few months we will be highlighting some of the issues affecting rough sleepers on the streets of Belfast to make our readers aware of the difficulties they are facing.
Together we can Open Eyes on Homelessness and make a positive difference.
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Keep up-to-date with all the very latest news, what's on, sport and everything else in Belfast and beyond with the Belfast Live app.
Only select news that interests you by picking the topics you want to display on the app's homepage. Plus, our enhanced user experience includes live blogs, video, interactive maps and slick picture galleries. Download it now and get involved. | <urn:uuid:9e34900d-b577-43a2-bc37-6f1bbcd14c31> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/news/belfast-news/belfast-live-opening-eyes-homelessness-15480486 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.933116 | 932 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Esports programs at colleges across the country are growing because of their ability to attract and engage students — just like traditional sports.
But higher education caters to all types of students, and the gaming community isn’t exactly known as a bastion of inclusivity (remember Gamergate?). How can colleges create esports programs where everyone feels they can join?
Michael Cassins of the University of Montana has a solution. As the university’s director of esports, he founded the program not with the goal of winning a championship but based on the ideals of diversity, equality, and inclusion.
“A lot of esports teams — I don’t get them even a bit — are very competitive. I’m not against winning, I don’t necessarily care,” says Cassins, who is also an assistant professor of games and interactive media. They win the championship, but I’m more interested in what they do. What can we do to help you during this time in life? “
The truth is that very few of its 250 active players will ever become professional players. But in the way Cassins sees it, they can all benefit socially and academically from the societal aspect of the esports program.
To hear his students say it, the strategy works.
Building an inclusive community
In interviews with 15 representatives of team esports programs published this summer, EDUCAUSE found that higher education leaders agreed that the best way to promote inclusion was to confront toxic gaming behavior head-on.
At the University of Montana, esports player and fine arts student Canyon Hardy says coaches and staff have made it clear that any harassment will result in students being expelled from the program. This is a departure from the gaming environments that Hardy, who uses their pronouns, used before joining the League team in Overwatch, a team-based shooter.
“The Overwatch community isn’t great. I get misleading all the time when I play with Randos and [told] Sexist things like, “Girls shouldn’t be allowed to play this game,” says Hardy.
It’s not the case at university, they added: “Personally, I feel very safe. I can’t speak for every transgender person on the show, but there is a lot of saying ‘we won’t kick you out or tolerate hate’.”
Cassens’ approach to esports is based on a “radical welcome” where students feel comfortable participating regardless of race, gender or sexual orientation. Part of that includes growing teams that don’t rely on first-person shooter games, which he says don’t always appeal to women. When the program created Team Tetris, five women joined immediately.
“The woman who was the captain was routinely hitting people with hundreds of thousands of points,” Cassins says. “It’s about meeting players wherever they are and trying to make them realize, ‘What are your needs, and how can we meet those needs?’ “
The university’s esports teams are also removing the financial barrier students face in purchasing expensive gaming equipment that is in demand at a competitive level. Cassins says cost is a common obstacle for teams that play at club level.
“If you don’t have to worry and you can just come and play, that also creates a feeling of, ‘I can be a part of this too,'” he says.
Hardy, who has started coaching other Overwatch players, says one of the best parts of being on the team is hanging out after a workout. Students spend Thanksgiving and Christmas together, and even quiet players are out of their shells.
“We’re all good friends now, and that’s the biggest thing we’ve all gotten out of the show,” Hardy says. “Having a place where we can all gather and have fun together.”
As in traditional team sports, students on the junior and collegiate esports teams at Cassins have to keep up with their scores if they want to play. When the staff tried to create a formal tutorial for the colleagues, the students said there was no need.
“They just help each other out. When we were all at home, they were still supportive of each other online, says Cassins.
When it comes to return on investment, according to EDUCAUSE research, schools report that esports programs give students opportunities for social and leadership growth. For universities, some have found that high school students ask about the esports team by name during the application process.
Tessa Johnson, a sophomore studying business, says she spoke to Cassins about the esports program before she enrolled at the University of Montana. As a League of Legends player, she transferred to the League team during her second semester.
“I think it made me more confident in myself. In a game like the league, you can’t make calls like, ‘I think maybe we can do that, but I don’t know,'” Johnson says, “’cause it’s going to fall apart.”
There is another benefit of having her on the team: It is a great motivator for her to do well in the classroom, even when the semester gets tough.
“Sometimes she’s like, ‘I don’t know if I’d like to do this, but all my friends play at this. Johnson says. “This is where I find a lot of happiness, so it’s a huge incentive to stay engaged and get good grades.”
Cassins says he’s noticed that esports program leaders think more about diversity, which is an encouraging trend. He doesn’t want any student to feel the code, but he says having an inclusive mindset can bring you a lot.
“If we walk away from losing the win and think more that ‘everyone will win if we just open the door,’ what is the greatest thing there is?” Cassins says. “There’s a lot more to life than, I’ve won an X championship against someone.” | <urn:uuid:fce5b58e-9df8-4459-9c10-33a1eed079f1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://supercashsource.com/2022/01/15/not-everyone-feels-welcome-in-esports-this-university-is-fighting-toxicity-with-diversity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969557 | 1,299 | 2.203125 | 2 |
The Building Inspector administers the BC Building Code and ensures that all buildings in the District of the Highlands are constructed to the standards of the National Building Code.
The Building Inspection Department:
Issues: building, plumbing, chimney, soil deposit and soil removal, tree cutting and blasting permits
Review of work with contractors and property owners
The Building Inspector provides clarification of building code and bylaw requirements, reviews preliminary building plans to determine compliance with regulations, provides interpretation of the BC Building Code and discusses appropriate construction methods
The Building Inspector processes building applications and reviews plans to ensure compliance with the BC Building Code, municipal bylaws and policies
Other permits (blasting, soil deposit/ removal, tree cutting, etc.)
The building inspector processes applications and reviews plans to ensure compliance with municipal bylaws and polices | <urn:uuid:0226e2ac-1bab-4ea6-9713-3c8cd9ecc396> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://highlands.bc.ca/129/Building-Department | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.879719 | 167 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Gibbous ♒ Aquarius
Previous main lunar phase is the First Quarter before 3 days on 3 September 2003 at 12:34.
Moon rises in the afternoon and sets after midnight to early morning. It is visible to the southeast in early evening and it is up for most of the night.
Moon is passing about ∠5° of ♒ Aquarius tropical zodiac sector.
Lunar disc appears visually 0.2% narrower than solar disc. Moon and Sun apparent angular diameters are ∠1900" and ∠1904".
Next Full Moon is the Harvest Moon of September 2003 after 3 days on 10 September 2003 at 16:36.
There is low ocean tide on this date. Sun and Moon gravitational forces are not aligned, but meet at big angle, so their combined tidal force is weak.
The Moon is 11 days young. Earth's natural satellite is moving from the first to the middle part of current synodic month. This is lunation 45 of Meeus index or 998 from Brown series.
The length of the lunation is 29 days, 9 hours and 43 minutes. It is 2 minutes longer than the next lunation's length. The lengths of the following synodic months are going to decreasing with the true anomaly getting closer to the value it has at the point of New Moon at perigee (∠0° or ∠360°).
The length of the current synodic month is 3 hours and 1 minute shorter than the mean synodic month length. It is 3 hours and 8 minutes longer compared to 21st century's shortest synodic month length.
At the beginning of the lunation cycle the true anomaly is ∠301°. At the beginning of next synodic month the true anomaly is going to be ∠325.5°.
6 days after point of perigee on 31 August 2003 at 18:47 in ♎ Libra. The lunar orbit is getting widen, while the Moon is moving away from the Earth. It will keep this direction over the next 8 days, until the Moon reaches the point of next apogee on 16 September 2003 at 09:22 in ♉ Taurus.
The Moon is 377 236 km (234 404 mi) away from Earth and getting further over the next 8 days until the point apogee when Earth-Moon distance is going to be 404 713 km (251 477 mi).
5 days after descending node on 2 September 2003 at 07:23 in ♏ Scorpio. The Moon is located south of the ecliptic over the following 8 days, until the lunar orbit crosses from South to North in ascending node on 15 September 2003 at 23:28 in ♉ Taurus.
18 days since the beginning of current draconic month in ♉ Taurus, the Moon is navigating from the second to the final part of the cycle.
2 days since the previous standstill on 5 September 2003 at 11:54 in ♑ Capricorn when the Moon has reached South declination of ∠-26.746°, the lunar orbit is extending northward over the next 12 days to face maximum declination of ∠26.874° at the point of next northern standstill on 19 September 2003 at 19:56 in ♋ Cancer.
In 3 days on 10 September 2003 at 16:36 in ♓ Pisces the Moon is going to be in a Full Moon geocentric opposition with the Sun and thus forming the next Sun-Earth-Moon syzygy alignment. | <urn:uuid:1bee5088-4876-409f-91a8-e1ef55407371> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lunaf.com/lunar-calendar/2003/09/07/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.912717 | 752 | 2.359375 | 2 |
EDMONDS — A new photographic exhibit exploring the intertwined lives of owls and woodpeckers is scheduled to open this weekend at Edmonds Historical Museum.
The exhibit called “The Owl &the Woodpecker in Washington” by photographer Paul Bannick is part of a traveling show created by the Burke Museum in Seattle. The exhibit is scheduled to be shown in Edmonds through April 14.
The exhibit also features local information provided by the Edmonds Community Backyard Wildlife Habitat Project and the National Wildlife Federation.
Based on Bannick’s book, “The Owl and the Woodpecker,” the exhibit features 15 photographic prints of owl and woodpecker species found in the Pacific Northwest, together with text panels and vivid birdcalls and drumming sound recordings by audio-naturalist Martyn Stewart.
Bannick, 48, who lives in Seattle, worked for 15 years in the computer software industry beginning at the Aldus Corp. and then later serving as a director for Adobe Systems, and a senior manager at Microsoft.
Bannick currently serves as the director of development for Conservation Northwest, an organization dedicated to protecting and connecting wild areas from the Pacific Coast to the Canadian Rockies.
Edmonds Historical Museum at 118 Fifth Ave. N. in downtown Edmonds is open Wednesday through Sunday from 1 to 4 p.m. Suggested donation is $5 per adult and $2 per child. For more information, go to historicedmonds.org. | <urn:uuid:f1a83206-18b3-4dfc-908d-b43b1c3488b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.heraldnet.com/news/photos-of-woodpeckers-owls-exhibited-at-edmonds-museum/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.939276 | 307 | 1.609375 | 2 |
The first half of 2021 is coming to an end and projections for the Brazilian economy this year have changed considerably. The country is on track to see stronger growth, faster inflation, higher interest rates and a less worrisome fiscal situation than expected by most experts a few months ago.
The combination of higher price indexes and stronger economic activity has greatly improved estimates for the federal government’s gross debt and for the primary result (which excludes interest expenses). There are, however, non-negligible risks on the horizon, such as a still slow vaccination, the threat of a more serious electricity crisis and the persistence of inflationary pressures, which may force the Central Bank to further raise interest rates.
This more benign economic environment has strengthened the real, making the exchange rate inches closer to R$5 to the dollar in recent weeks. The perception of a less serious fiscal situation, the rise in interest rates and the substantial increase in exports driven by higher commodity prices help to appreciate the Brazilian currency. Ricardo Denadai, partner and chief economist of ACE Capital, believes that the exchange rate is likely to end the year at R$4.70 to the dollar. It’s the “4” of what he describes as the “4-5-6-7-8 scenario” for the Brazilian economy in 2021.
Besides an exchange rate of R$4.70 to the dollar, Mr. Denadai’s estimates for this year includes a growth rate of 5% or more (he is currently forecasting 5.5%); official inflation, measured by the Extended Consumer Price Index (IPCA), at 6.3%; the Selic policy interest rate on its way towards 7% a year; and a gross debt close to 80% of the GDP – several analysts previously expected this to reach 95% to 100% in 2021.
Mr. Denadai highlights the impact of the cycle of high commodity prices on domestic economic activity. “Such a large increase in international commodity prices, items with high weight in Brazilian exports, implies a very substantial income transfer from the rest of the world to Brazil and, therefore, a relevant boost to the country’s growth,” he said. “Besides the direct income for producers, which drives investment, consumption and job generation, the positive impact trickles down to the entire production chain.”
Agriculture is an example. Mr. Denadai recalls that the sector accounts for less than 10% of GDP, but the share goes north of 25% as inputs, fertilizers and machinery impact the entire supply chain, data by the Brazilian Agriculture and Livestock Confederation (CNA) show. Tax collection grows as a result. “This positive shock in terms of trade works miracles for GDP and fiscal situation.” He believes that this effect is less talked about than the impact on inflation, the trade balance and the exchange rate. Mr. Denadai stresses the expansionist effects on economic activity, evaluating that it will be “a key driver for GDP recovery this year.”
The downside is seen in inflation, especially because higher commodity prices were not enough to strengthen the real for many months. A stronger currency could mitigate the effect in reais of the surge in dollar-denominated commodities. The strengthening of the Brazilian currency is a more recent phenomenon, also due to the rise in interest rates and a fiscal situation now perceived as not as bad.
The surge in commodity prices failed to cushion the appreciation of the exchange rate for a considerable time and was the main reason why the General Price Indexes (IGPs) is up 35% in the 12 months to May, with producer prices up 50% in this period. There are strong cost pressures in some sectors, and part of them has been passed on to consumer prices. In the IPCA, food at home is up 15.4% in 12 months, after almost reaching 20% in February on this basis of comparison. This especially affects the poorest, who spend a larger portion of their income on food.
Mr. Denadai deems inflation as the biggest risk today. Besides the effect of commodities, the prices of industrial products are also high, while regulated prices like gasoline and electricity are under pressure, he said. In addition, service prices face risks in the second half of the year amid the expectation of a broader reopening of the economy. The IPCA rose 0.83% in May, reaching 8.06% in 12 months. A more persistent consumer inflation could force the Central Bank to extend the cycle of interest rate hikes. Mr. Denadai already projects the IPCA at 6.3% in 2021, well above this year’s target of 3.75%. An eventual stronger increase in the policy interest rate may harm the recovery of the economy, especially in 2022. He sees a very bad quality of inflation, with disseminated pressures, in an environment where there is a growing hydrological risk – which at the very least makes electricity bills more expensive, with many ongoing cost pressures.
For Mr. Denadai, the water crisis worries, for now, more on the inflation side than on the growth side. The adjustment tends to be through higher tariffs, and not through compulsory restrictions on the amount of electricity, he said. Some experts, however, believe that there is a risk of power rationing, which would have a direct impact on activity.
A side effect of inflation that has become clear in recent weeks is on the relation between public debt and the size of the economy. High IGPs contribute to an increase in the GDP in nominal values, by increasing the GDP deflator (a measure of inflation in the national accounts). This has caused projections for gross debt for the end of the year to fall to around 80% of GDP, well below previous projections of 100% of GDP, a change also influenced by the impact of higher inflation on tax collection, which raises government revenues. Structurally, the scenario for the public accounts remains worrisome because mandatory expenditures account for more than 90% of total non-financial spending, making the budget very tight and hindering investment. The improvement in the debt-to-GDP ratio, however, provided a short-term relief, helping to reduce the perception of fiscal risk and thus further strengthening the real. For Mr. Denadai, a stronger real helps the inflation path. “But I don’t know if it solves it,” he said.
In Mr. Denadai’s view, a point that is still unclear is how employment and income will react. “They are likely to recover, but I think it will be slower and uneven [than previously thought],” he said. For him, economy, employment and income will be the great topics of next year’s elections. The situation is delicate, in his view. “Brazil’s per capita GDP failed to grow for more than a decade amid rising inequality.” | <urn:uuid:c28cc2a8-2c37-4e16-ad9e-42761a75fdc7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://valorinternational.globo.com/commentary/sergio-lamucci/commentary/stronger-growth-faster-inflation-higher-interest-rates.ghtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953398 | 1,428 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Jesuit High School's 53rd Annual Food Drive Aims to Help Hundreds of Local Families During the Holidays
Food collected by students will reach more than 15 feet in Student Center
BEAVERTON, Ore. – On Wednesday, Dec. 15, at 2:15 p.m., the Jesuit High School Student Center will become a food sorting and distribution center, with canned food that reaches the ceiling, just more than 15 feet. The JHS student body will bring all of the food that has been collected over a two-week period and begin compiling food boxes for 315 families in the Portland area. All leftover food will be shared with local food pantries.
The JHS Food Drive is in its 53rd year and has seen a huge increase in participation over the years. In its first year, 1969, roughly 40 families benefited from the project and just a little more than $350 was raised.
"As Jesuit High School has grown, so has its Food Drive. The drive not only helps families experiencing food insecurity during the Christmas season but also provides non-perishable foods for local food banks that serve families in need year round," said Andrea Casey, Food Drive Coordinator.
Students, faculty, and staff will volunteer through the night of Dec. 15 sorting and preparing the food for delivery on Thursday, Dec. 16, beginning at 12:00 p.m. "Throughout these last two weeks before Christmas break, our students are collecting non-perishable food items and making donations to go towards purchasing perishable foods. We are also raising awareness about hunger in Oregon. We hope students will realize this is not a once-a-year issue. It is year-round," said Casey.
The families are pre-selected through St. Vincent de Paul and Lifeworks Oregon. Students will deliver all of the food that has been collected at Jesuit High School over the prior two weeks.
In addition, alumni of Jesuit High School will host their own non-traditional Food Drive on December 18. 3,000 gift cards will be distributed to families in our community and alumni will deliver to 300 of these families.
"The Alumni Food Drive brings our community together to continue our mission of being men and women for others," said Kathy Baarts, Alumni Director. "The need for food continues to increase and we have continued to grow in the number of families we serve. As an additional service component this year, we will also be packing hygiene kits to be distributed at the Blanchet House."
If you are interested in donating products and/or packing hygiene kits, please contact the JHS Alumni Office at 503-291-5414 or email@example.com.
About Jesuit High School: Founded in 1956 by the Society of Jesus, Jesuit High School is Oregon's only secondary school in the Ignatian tradition of excellence in education. Our 1,273 students represent a diverse mix of young men and women from the Portland metro area and southwest Washington.
Jesuit High School's mission is to educate "men and women for others." Our graduates are leaders who are religious, loving, intellectually competent, committed to doing justice, and open to growth. Jesuit is the recipient of two U.S. Department of Education Blue Ribbon School of Excellence Awards, a U.S. Department of Education Green Ribbon Award for its sustainability efforts, and 16 OSAA Cup Awards for outstanding achievement in academics, school activities, athletics, and sportsmanship. More information can be found online at www.jesuitportland.org. | <urn:uuid:3b9a0a04-9e43-498a-b6bf-2d303fd85672> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jesuitportland.org/our-community/news/news-details/~post/jesuit-high-schools-53rd-annual-food-drive-aims-to-help-hundreds-of-local-families-during-the-holidays-20211213 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960903 | 723 | 1.648438 | 2 |
The obituary for Hank Evers leaves out some important facts. Hank”s love of flying carried over into public service. He tied the two together by being commander of North Valley Senior Squadron 26, Civil Air Patrol for several years. In that way, he could fly often and provide a valuable service for the public while doing so.
I worked with and flew with Hank and many others, who are now gone, on air and ground searches and he always gave willingly of his time for the public good. Although it was a rare thing to find survivors of an aircraft in the mountains in Northern California, we did find many and provide closure for the families of those that were lost.
Hank was a man of means yet was not a pretentious man. Quiet and unassuming and the old cowboy term “a man to ride the river with” meant that he could be relied upon in a desperate situation. Character and integrity were his hallmark. The world would be much better off if it had a few more like Hank Evers.
Hank will be missed by all who associated with him in any way.
—?Vernon Byrd, Chico | <urn:uuid:a157e24e-3133-445a-93e5-283dcbafb9ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.timesheraldonline.com/2007/01/02/evers-gave-tirelessly/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.991 | 238 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Darragh O'Sullivan is a London-based family office expert, helping entrepreneurs and new/young wealth to build and run their family offices.
It's quite possible that you have never heard of a family office. Indeed, unless you are a private banker, private client lawyer or generally work in the investment world, there may be no reason for you to have even considered the question.
But the concept of a family office is almost as old as the concept of money itself. Even the first Roman emperor, Augustus, was said to have outsourced the management of his wealth to a team of trusted advisors while he ran his empire.
Today, the principles remain. Wealth not managed will diminish—the so-called leaky bucket theory. The family office exists to manage both the wealth and the trappings that come with it. This includes the lifestyles of the wealth-holders, their real estate, luxury assets and philanthropic activities.
By managing the risks through the provision of diligent legal services, adequate insurance and strategic asset management; ensuring sufficient liquidity for rainy days through planned investment allocations and activity; and handling all of the back-office administration like record-keeping, correspondence and filing for all of the wealth-holders' activities—the traditional family office exists to preserve and grow the family's wealth for future generations.
Effectively, it runs the wealth as if it were a business itself with income from investments/ongoing enterprise; costs of investments, opportunities, real estate and luxury assets; overheads in the form of maintenance, travel, operational expenses and staff costs; and, ideally, profit.
Why are family offices increasingly important?
There is a long-standing, generally untrue, adage surrounding family businesses that goes, "the first generation builds it, the second one grows it and the third one wastes it away." A formal family office is designed to smooth the bumps in this generational hand-over by offering consistency and continuity in the management of the family's affairs.
Never has financial affairs management been more needed. As post-war baby-boomers eye retirement, their heirs will be considering their future roles as custodians of the accrued business empires and personal wealth. An opinion piece by Jason Butler in the Financial Times refers to an estimate of an intergenerational wealth transfer of around £5.5 trillion (around $6 trillion) over the next 30 years (paywall).
Popular TV streaming services have picked up on this zeitgeist, supplying us with a constant flow of new series that capture the aspirations, struggles, feuds and setbacks encountered by strong principal wealth-holders as they plan for succession and leave behind their legacies.
The family office can also be extremely tax-efficient. While countless different legal structures exist—tailored to the exact requirements of the family, their geographic footprint and their lifestyles—the principle of transferring wealth from being individually held into a corporate or trust structure means that when the primary wealth-holder passes on, there isn't any inheritance tax event since the wealth continues to belong to the corporate/trust structure.
What are some considerations for business leaders?
As a business leader/entrepreneur, if you decide that you do need your own family office, the temptation can be to involve your business's external team (lawyers, bankers and investment managers) in those family office plans. You already know them, work with them and probably trust them, so it makes sense.
Generally, I'd counsel against this, however. Heading toward a liquidity event, your business's advisors will sell you the world; they get paid properly when your liquidity event happens, and your importance to them until that time cannot be overstated. But you may find that after the liquidity event, your importance in their world diminishes, in some cases, very quickly.
Family office management bears, in many cases, little resemblance to corporate life. Priorities for family wealth and operations don't tend to be as solely based on notions of profit, and I am increasingly seeing philanthropic, socially responsible and passion-project type considerations weighing in much higher.
If you go with a family office, make sure to choose your advisors for their experience in managing private affairs, networks, access and for their fit with your personal life.
Do I need a family office?
As important as financial affairs management is, for the most part, even if you are incredibly successful and wealthy, you may not need a family office. While family offices come in all shapes and sizes, increasingly, it is possible to avail yourself of all of the benefits of having your own dedicated family office without actually needing to set one up.
Popular criticisms of family offices as organizations include the burden of administration and the paperwork required. This includes the cost of salaries and office space; the challenges of hiring, training (and retaining) good staff; and, most importantly, the loss of privacy and risks associated with handing over the keys to the castle. Operating a single-family office necessarily involves placing all of your family's eggs in one basket.
There is a tipping point (which depends not on the volume of wealth but on the complexity of the family's affairs), after which having a dedicated family office will make sense, but before that point, we are seeing an increasing trend for wealth-holders to operate a virtual family office and choose best-in-class trusted advisors to assist with and manage discrete elements of their family wealth when required.
This way, the keys to the castle are retained, and there are fire breaks and airlocks, ensuring that no one has access to all of the information. You can utilize modern-day family office professionals who are accustomed to working as part of wider virtual teams to deliver value to their wealth-holder clients. Keep in mind that these are significant appointments of your most trusted advisors—it's worth spending the time to meet as many as you can before you make a final decision. | <urn:uuid:3c174f77-d51c-4ace-9f20-1ab9e82a5682> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesbusinesscouncil/2022/04/28/a-guide-to-the-family-office-for-business-leaders/?sh=33e11be9bc54 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.967446 | 1,201 | 1.539063 | 2 |
KuCoin is a trading platform that allows users to buy and sell digital currency. The exchange was launched in July 2017 and has become one of the most popular digital currency exchanges. Currently, it supports 52 trading pairs and has a daily trading volume of over $1 billion. The company also has a market cap of around $2 billion, which makes it one of the largest exchanges in the world.
KuCoin Shares (KCS)
The KuCoin platform is an exchange where you can trade digital currencies called KuCoin Shares (KCS). The KuCoin platform is available in many languages, including English.
The Process Of Registering With KuCoin Is Very Simple
1) Log in from the main website. If you already have an account or register if you do not have an account yet.
2) After that, press the “Sign Up” button on the upper right side of the screen, then fill out all required fields.
3) After submitting your information, a confirmation email will be sent to your registered email address.
4) Once you’ve registered successfully, you can start trading coins!
KuCoin’s Simplest Exchange
KuCoin is easy to use, fast, secure, and has an excellent customer service team. The platform offers several digital coins, including Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), NEO, USDT, Qtum, and more. KuCoin also provides trading pairs for these coins with other cryptocurrencies like Ripple (XRP) and Bitconnect (BCC).
KuCoin has a user-friendly interface that makes it easy for new traders to get started on their journey into cryptocurrency trading. They can make deposits via credit card or bank transfer or even use alternative methods like PayPal or Wire transfers if they prefer another method over traditional methods like Credit Cards.
Invest Your Money Then KuCoin Might Be Just What You Need!
Kucoin Company Goals
The company’s purpose is to give the greatest experience possible. for its customers through their services, which include:
– Secure: The KuCoin platform offers a safe and secure environment for trading cryptocurrencies. It uses military-grade encryption technology and employs advanced security measures to protect all customer assets.
– Fast: The KuCoin platform is designed for fast transactions, meaning you can buy coins in a matter of seconds or less. Suppose you want to sell your coins quickly. In that case, this is an excellent option because there are no delays when selling on KuCoin – you deposit funds into your account and then convert them into another cryptocurrency at market rates.
– Cheap: Buying cryptocurrency from KuCoin is cheap and provides users with fantastic value for money and eases thanks to low fees charged by this exchange (0%).
the most popular cryptocurrencies. It is a fast-growing exchange and has been around for almost four years now. Where users may swap their coins.
As you can see, KuCoin has a lot going for it as far as features go. However, it doesn’t offer all of the bells and whistles that other exchanges do. For example, they do not allow margin trading or margin funding which means you cannot use leverage to modify your position size when buying coins on this platform. | <urn:uuid:4faa1ff5-0352-4fb7-8e55-29ad81787ad6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aquatiser.com/appreciate-kucoins-simplest-and-easiest-registration-process/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.950534 | 657 | 1.523438 | 2 |
10 Tips To Stay Focused
If one thing big has come up the place you don’t have time, don’t stress about missing Visit these a day. Worrying about maintaining a streak going is counterproductive.
My teaching client goes to reach massive part because he has me to maintain him accountable. Create an internet spreadsheet or use an accountability app that they can see . After your focus session each day, verify in that you did it. First factor in the morning, earlier Visit these than you get in your phone or on-line, think about what you need to do. What would make the biggest difference in your life, your work? If you could have several, it doesn’t matter … just randomly choose one for now. Don’t waste your time in indecision, the point is to practice with one task.
This provides you with belief in yourself to proceed focusing instead of drifting to dream about different things . A nice app that can assist you retailer all of your hyperlinks that you run into and need to return to if you end up not throughout Visit these a focus session is Pocket. One should have the ability to easily distinguish between tasks and connect them to a major goal or objective. Many don’t see it, but our time is controlled by others for many of the day. Controlling your time is key to getting the work you need done.
To actually harness the full power of your mind, you should practice your brain to do deep work. This is the ability to supply at your peak level for prolonged intervals of time. Take a moment to identify your Most Important Task . This is essentially Visit these the most important thing you must get accomplished — get it off your plate first thing. By knocking out your largest task, you’ll make sure that you’ll have a productive day no matter what.
Many of us joke that we need a cup of espresso to jolt our mind awake in the morning. Studies have shown that caffeine, which is a natural stimulant, might do just Visit these that. Coffee and other caffeinated drinks are cognitive enhancers, bettering your mental focus and focus.
Have a transparent imaginative and prescient of what the school would seem like so you can imagine it frequently. Set aside regular time every day, if solely 5 minutes, to visualise this goal. Become emotionally involved with the visualization by placing music, movies, or something Visit these that provides you with an emotional charge. The emotional connect is vastly essential, as it will motivate you to keep shifting toward your aim. There are some days whenever you just can’t do it — for me, it’s when I journey or have visitors.
Do you ever assume how superb it would be to do every thing you set out to do every day, so you would chill out and know you’ve accomplished your every day objectives? However, we often face a mountain of labor Visit these and feel overwhelmed and unproductive. By day’s end, we throw in the towel, feeling defeated by our to-do list. Suppose the rationale that you just wish to earn $10 million is to start a faculty in a third-world nation.
This one task you select for today is your one Most Important Task . “Stay focused in your objective and work hard. No one can do that for you, you wish to be extra centered in your aim.” Try setting some quick-time period Visit these goals with small rewards, for yourself. For instance, you would inform yourself that when you end reading x-quantity, you possibly can watch your favourite present.
For example, notifications are available when somebody ELSE sends them. This normally results in stopping what we have been doing, studying them, excited about them, replying and so on. Create your marketing strategy in half the time with twice the impact using Entrepreneur’s BIZ PLANNING PLUS powered by LivePlan. However, the more Visit these you drink caffeinated drinks, the more your body will get used to the stimulant and the much less influence it has on you. Limit your consumption to 1 cup a day, and save that second cup for times when you actually need it. | <urn:uuid:84acabb3-2af9-4515-9d61-9085ff001d53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://emmaallardsmith.com/10-tips-to-stay-focused/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.958868 | 864 | 1.9375 | 2 |
For Altoona artist Michael E. Kensinger, spending time in nature, creating wildlife-inspired artwork, and caring for the Tyrone region’s wetlands brings him joy and purpose.
In particular, Kensinger received “The best of the show” in the 2021 Pennsylvania Waterfowl Management competition for his painting of wooden ducks entitled “Sycamore retreat”, which has been transformed into a conservation stamp.
Pennsylvania Game Commission stamps are collected by hunters, bird watchers and wildlife enthusiasts to support conservation. Proceeds from engravings and stamps are used to support the acquisition of wetlands in Pennsylvania.
As the winning artist, Kensinger received $ 4,000, 100 artist proofs and 200 stamps. He also had the opportunity to serve as a judge for the 2022 competition in September.
“Although this is my very first victory, I continue to compete in state and federal duck stamp contests,” he said. “This year, I participated in the Michigan Duck Stamp Contest, as well as the Federal Duck Stamp Contest. Although I didn’t win, I love to compete with my paintings and look forward to supporting these essential conservation programs every year. “
His award-winning acrylic painting features a pair of wooden ducks inspired by an encounter on the Ray Amato Trail behind the Northern Blair Recreation Center in Tipton. “I knew I wanted to paint them (like its entry in 2021) because they are really beautiful stamp-worthy birds. Seeing these birds in search of suitable nesting habitat, which for a wood duck is a cavity in a tree, inspired me to start a fundraiser for wildlife nesting boxes that I call “Critter Condos.” “.
The fundraising effort raised $ 1,400, which Kensinger and other supporters used to purchase and place wildlife nesting boxes in “Site 11” and “Site 12” PennDOT attenuated wetlands at the exit of Grazierville.
“With the money raised and with the help of a few friends, I was able to place nine wood duck boxes, 21 blue bird boxes, a large bat box, two flying squirrel boxes and I will hang them up. two little owls and a barred owl very soon. Donations from the fundraiser were spent on supplies such as boxes, screws, tools, poles, predator protection, spray paint, wood chips and more.
Kensinger hopes to fundraise every year. The boxes are placed in the fall, as many wildlife start to watch them for the following spring, ”Kensinger said.
“This year we have had great success with the Bluebird nesting boxes placed in March. All the boxes were placed a little later than I expected, but we have seen a significant increase in the nests of bluebirds, tree swallows and house wrens where the boxes had been placed ”, he said.
Boxes benefit many species, he said, blue bird boxes are widely used by tree swallows, chickadees and house wren, while wood duck boxes can be used by sea owls from the east.
“It all goes back to the ecosystem and the delicate balance of life around the wetland. I never evict a tenant, because in the end, they all depend on the nesting boxes to survive when there is a shortage of cavities in the trees ”, Kensinger said.
Tom Yocum, an environmental manager with PennDOT District 9 in Hollidaysburg, said Kensinger’s request to look after an area is rare – the district has another warden in Huntingdon County.
“It is greatly appreciated because it is doing a great service to the community by enhancing the natural places that we are fortunate to have in central Pennsylvania. Any home improvement job is usually labor and time consuming and beneficiaries are not able to say thank you. I am sure the wildlife appreciates their efforts to provide nesting sites and remove waste from their habitat ”, Yocum wrote in an email.
Kensinger said, “I hope to bring an appreciation and a desire to protect and conserve wildlife habitats for our posterity.”
His love of the outdoors started early and fueled his artistic drive.
“I wanted to reproduce what I saw. I would study the birds and learn their songs, then once inside I would draw and replicate my experiments.
Although largely self-taught as an artist, it was when Eric Feather, a teacher at Tyrone Area High School, allowed him, as a student, to work on art projects after the school that had a huge impact. Kensinger, who was walking home from school, lingered after the last bell to avoid the bullies.
“He took me under his wing – no pun intended”, Kensinger said. “He taught me different things, like airbrushing techniques, that weren’t covered in class. It gave me purpose and made what happened to me negative.
With Feather’s support, Kensinger entered his first waterfowl conservation competition – and won the best of 669 entries for his acrylic painting of his favorite duck, a blue-winged teal.
His victory in the state competition sent him to the national competition where he placed in the top 10. The prize included a show with his winning entry presented at the Eastern Waterfowl Festival in Ocean City, Maryland, followed by his entry to the Smithsonian of Washington. , CC
“The saddest thing is that I didn’t drive and I couldn’t get there” he said.
Undeterred, he continued to participate in such competitions and will continue to do so as his ultimate goal is to win at the federal level because “It’s the Grammy for animal art. Artists typically make $ 1 million in sales in their first year of sales. “
Hollidaysburg resident Nicole Hartman met Kensinger in high school as a participant in the Envirothon, an annual environmental-themed academic competition for high school students.
“I remember being amazed by him. He knew every bird cry. It was his specialty. she said, noting that her specialty was trees and soils. She’s also a collector of her artwork, including a matted, framed, and signed duck stamp that Kensinger personalized for her with a small hand painting beneath the print.
His wonder continues today with his art.
“He only got better. Every time he does something new I am even more amazed. … He is always improving and is now on a whole new level.
The Kensinger dossier
Name: Michael E. Kensinger
Family: Mari, Timothy Settle; parents, Michael D. and Leslie Kensinger; brother, Tyler Kensinger, all of Tyrone
Education: Lyrone of the Tyrone area, 2002
Awards: His work “Sycamore retreat” received the Best of Show award for 2021 PA Waterfowl Management, commonly known as the Duck Stamp. Prints and stamps are available by calling the Pennsylvania Game Commission at 888-888-3459 from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday through Friday. Artist proofs can be ordered by email at [email protected]
Two of Michael E. Kensinger’s works are on display at the Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art exhibition “The artists among us” until December 22 at the Altoona gallery. They are “Oshidori”, a mandarin duck made in acrylic, and “European nuthatch” done in charcoal, both in its characteristic photo-realism style. | <urn:uuid:5ae8e20b-3a5f-4cd6-9535-ed92b56020df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theowildanger.com/the-artist-is-inspired-by-nature-news-sports-jobs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969896 | 1,604 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Looking for the perfect anti-ageing ingredient? Ask any skin expert for the ingredient they swear by and you will hear at least two of the following: sunscreen, retinol, antioxidants, hyaluronic acid, peptides. These are the ultimate wrinkle-fighters and radiance warriors that any skincare lover keeps in their stash. But there’s a new complexion mandate that has quietly entered the fold: growth factors.
Here’s everything you need to know about how they work and how to incorporate a growth factor serum in your routine:
What are growth factors?
Growth factors are groups of proteins that occur naturally in our bodies. They’re produced by all types of cells and are responsible for the regulation of vital cellular functions, such as survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation. Simply put, growth factors can command your cells to replicate, repair and rejuvenate.
How growth factors benefit the skin?
When it comes to fighting skin ageing, growth factors are the true all-rounders.
By our late 20s the natural production of growth factors in the skin starts to decline which lays the groundwork for wrinkles, sagging and skin thinning. Adding them topically through your skincare will stimulate the production of fibrous proteins such as collagen and elastin to improve skin thickness and texture. Boosting collagen production also enhances the skin’s natural ability to heal and hydrate.
Do they really work?
In a word? Yes. In our most recent study 92% of participants noticed significant improvement in fines and crow’s feet after following the simple routine of cleansing, applying Growth Factor Serum and wearing SPF every day for 12 weeks. Furthermore, clinicians observed 31% improvement of skin thickness after just 4 weeks of using Growth Factor Serum in the morning and evening and PM and the number continued to increase throughout the completion of the study.
Overall, 95% of participants reported visible improvement in their skin texture and smoothness, 92% reported overall improvement in all signs of ageing and 78% said their skin felt tighter and firmer.
How can I incorporate them in my skincare routine?
While growth factors are one of the best active ingredients for skin rejuvenation, they can’t replace the basics of your routine – sun protection, exfoliants and antioxidants. Think of them as the icing on the cake that can bolster your existing skincare regime and slow down the ageing process with much less irritation than other gold-standard ingredients such as retinol. | <urn:uuid:5eb4605e-fe21-45c8-92a6-9b06fb239ce9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zo-skinhealth.co.uk/category/case-studies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.935439 | 520 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Living in Church Hill
In the heart of Richmond, Virginia, is Church Hill, a historic district encompassing some of the city’s oldest but trendiest neighborhoods, including Chimborazo, Fairmount, Union Hill, and Woodville. It is said that Richmond was founded in 1737 after William Byrd II stood on a site in Church Hill, looked down the James River, and remarked that it reminded him of Richmond Upon Thames, near London. Because of its rich history, several sections of Church Hill are designated state and national historic districts. Today, it is a vibrant, fast-growing part of the city, appealing to preservationists and those who embrace urban living with plenty of green space and panoramic views.
Things to Do in Church Hill
Home to a number of historic sites, a tour of this area could include a visit to St. John’s Church, which dates back to 1741 and is the site of Patrick Henry’s famous “liberty or death” challenge to the British crown. The church graveyard is where many notable figures in U.S. history are buried. Just behind the churchyard is the Elmira Shelton House, the home of Edgar Allan Poe's childhood sweetheart from before he left Richmond for the last time. Up the street is the birthplace of Maggie Walker, a groundbreaking African-American banker and business woman. Many other historic sites dot the district. For sustenance, check out any of the neighborhoods’ popular pubs, international fare, and acclaimed local eateries, such as Millie’s Diner, a neighborhood landmark.
Housing in Church Hill
Church Hill offers an array of architectural styles due to residential construction projects between 1800 and about 1930. The scale ranges from small, historic homes to mansions. In many cases, the homes’ architecture has been preserved, even as structures have been adapted for modern living. In addition to single-family homes, duplexes, and apartment buildings, a variety of 19th and 20th century buildings have been re-purposed as condominiums or apartments, including schools and a church. New housing built in the past five years has also been constructed, as interest in living in this vibrant area has increased among residents.
Transportation and Travel in Church Hill
The Hill is crisscrossed by city bus lines and served by the Pulse bus system. Interstate 95 forms part of the area’s western border, and Interstate 64 is just to the north. There’s an Amtrak station close by, and Richmond’s airport is 15 minutes to the east by car. Many residents choose the area because of its walkability and ample parking. | <urn:uuid:fbd03aec-a480-450d-81e5-bc7c9d9be59b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.longandfoster.com/BarbaraAReagan/VA/Richmond/Church-Hill | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.967644 | 549 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Flashback Friday: Double-Decker Bus
Working for the weekend? Flashback Friday means the weekend is just around the corner!
Were you able to guess when and where this photo provided by the Missouri History Museum was taken?
Our hint today was ‘Metro Ride Store.’ The Metro Ride Store is located at the intersection of Washington Avenue and Seventh Street.
This photo was taken in 1925 on Washington Avenue. The photographer was facing east towards Seventh Street and beyond.
According to the Missouri History Museum, the double-decker bus was on the Washington/Delmar Line. You can see the bus is filled with men wearing straw boaters and women in cloche hats and several people are waiting to board the already packed double-decker. | <urn:uuid:ccff4b5f-a1c0-4c76-9293-81b90ab64464> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.metrostlouis.org/nextstop/flashback-friday-double-decker-bus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.970652 | 155 | 1.671875 | 2 |
While judging entries in the Oceans 180 video competition, Ms. Lollie Garay and her students grades 5-8 at Redd School in Houston, Texas, conceived a brilliant research question: Can the protective chambers for the clams [shown in the video] be constructed from recycled materials?
Ms. Garay’s team of LABRATS (Learning ABout Research And Technology through Science) have since successfully developed a prototype made entirely from recycled materials that I intend to trial in 2016. In addition to skills in creativity and applied science, until recently the Team was selling popsicles and hot chocolate to pay for shipping the chamber to me in the South Pacific.
For me, the ingenuity, intelligence and persistence exhibited by the entire LABRATS Team is quite humbling, and is guaranteed to be a source of inspiration for other students. From left to right, Victoria, Abby and Emma.
The full LABRATS Team: From left to right: Jillian, Victoria, Assist. Coach Alisha, Abby, Head Coach Lollie, and Emma. | <urn:uuid:df48064b-495d-4fec-8f0a-7473ca491c04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reef-keepers.com/the-ingenuity-of-labrats/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.941977 | 218 | 2.359375 | 2 |
As stated in my previous blog post, I’ve struggled to find academic sources on “discovering new music”, however I’m sure something may come up with further searching.
I found multiple articles, such as this one from Vulture. It lists “the best ways” to discover new music according to popular artists such as A$AP Ferg. This does help create a basis for my research, however, with my focus on Australian indie music, there is a lack of articles that actually focus on the genre.
I have realised by the lack of academic sources that currently exist on this topic, a lot of the research that I base my digital artefact and research report on will be quantitative and qualitative research that I actually find myself.
I believe my starting point for research will be simply posing the question “how/where did you first discover *insert band/artist here*?” in the various Facebook groups I’m in for my favourite artists. I will then consider following this up with further related questions.
Reflecting on my own experiences and the ways in which I have discovered various Australian indie bands and artists has also been a starting point for my research. Below is a list of all the ways I’ve found music that I could remember from the top of my head:
The expected ethical practices will be put in place throughout my research, digital artefact and research report.
As my research will revolve around music, I will need to ensure I do not commit any copyright breaches. I will also need to be cautious of any biases I hold about anything to do with my niche, and make sure this is not projected in my research or report.
I will also make sure to conduct any interviews or qualitative research with the highest care for the other person/people involved and ensure any privacy or ethical concerns they have are addressed appropriately.
My research will definitely be more qualitative research-based. As Donna Mertens stated, “the ethical principles that guide qualitative researchers are complex because their work involves interactions with community members in ways that are more involved than they are with quantitative researchers” (Mertens, 2014). As this is the case, I will need to be extra careful to ensure all my research is ethical.
Something I also need to take into consideration in my ethical research is a point that Rachel Winter and Anna Lavis bring up on online ethnography: “the necessity of paying attention to listening is drawn to the fore by considering the dynamics of social media” (Winter, Lavis, 2020). The majority of my research, if not all of it, will be conducted online and through social media. Therefore, I need to ensure that I consider the dynamics of communication through online platforms, and that I am listening and communicating to the same standard I would if the interactions were face-to-face.
Mertens, D. 2014. Ethical Use of Qualitative Data and Findings, The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis (Edited by Use Flick), Sage: Los Angeles, 510 – 523
Winter, R & Lavis, A 2020,’ Looking, But Not Listening? Theorizing the Practice and Ethics of Online Ethnography,’ Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, Vol. 15 | <urn:uuid:9d9bc002-6cc3-462e-b64a-3f7586edce98> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://abbbey.home.blog/2020/09/04/research-and-ethics/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.950494 | 694 | 1.882813 | 2 |
“While Moore’s Law continues to march onward, its pace has slowed. Currently, the semiconductor industry is migrating to 32nm, but the migration to 16nm is not expected to arrive until 2019, meaning that it will take 11-years for the semiconductor industry to advance only two process nodes.
However, industry players are increasingly looking beyond Moore’s Law to see how productivity gains can be made without scaling, and currently players in the packaging segment believe that they can help drive the next generation of growth in the industry.
Ho-Ming Tong, chief technical officer at packaging industry leader Advanced Semiconductor Engineering (ASE) recently commented that the packaging industry is actually outpacing growth of the rest of the industry. In contrast to front-end players, the speed in which packaging and testing companies have introduced new solutions is now 4-5x faster than it was 5-10 years ago, Tong pointed out. Packaging and testing advancement is picking up while the rest of the industry is slowing down.”
Here is some more Tech News from around the web:
- Classic.Ars: Wireless Security In-Depth
- Twilight of the GPU: an epic interview with Tim Sweeney @ Ars Technica
- x264 HD Benchmark Version 2.0 @ TechARP
- x264 Benchmark Results @ TechARP
- ASUS Eee PC 901 Linux Distribution Comparison @ Phoronix
- Microsoft LifeCam NX-3000 @ Hardware Pacers
- Restoring Windows Firewall on WHS @ C.O.D.
- Boxee – the social media centre @ bit-tech
- FileZilla FTP Server on WHS @ C.O.D
- Unigine Tropics Sets Linux OpenGL Precedence @ Phoronix
- Appropriate Use of Blu-ray Region Coding @ TweakTown
- A Touching Fold Experience – An Exclusive G400 @ hardwarezone
- We Came. We Saw. We Rocked. Apple’s New iPods @ hardwarezone
- What is Wrong with Girl Gaming @ OCModShop
- Weatherproofing Camera Lenses @ TechARP
- How to Download YouTube Videos @ tkArena
- $200 Xbox 360 Arcade: A Perfect Media Extender? @ Digital Trends
- NVISION 08 Video Review @ Modders-Inc
- The TR Podcast 17: Moore’s Law versus whatchamacallit’s law and the fight for the future
Are you sad to see that the next process size shrink is so far away? Don’t despair, many researchers are simply following a different path. Systems on a chip have been around for a short while now and have gone through a few revisions, each more powerful than the next. Through Silicon Vias (TSVs) are the next big thing and may successfully lead to 3D processors. Learn more about how they are trying to connect these stacks of silicon at DigiTimes. | <urn:uuid:2ed47ca3-6792-459c-b662-f1a24c5d6bce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pcper.com/2008/09/moores-law-got-you-down/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.910598 | 618 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Kenya Green – My School Choice Story
In July, AFC had the honor of hosting several of its Young Alumni Speakers and future alumni and their family in Washington, D.C. Although their time in the district was short, their presence was felt far and wide. Each of them visited Capitol Hill to tell their story of how school choice impacted their lives. The following is a personal summary of this amazing opportunity.
Why is school choice important to you?
As an African-American student coming from the impoverished inner city of Milwaukee, it was hard for me to get a quality education. I was forced into schools that lacked amenities and served students like me a poor education. Because of my zip code, I was repeatedly placed in these schools. Growing up, I was forced to go to multiple schools – I wasn’t getting along with others and my mother had a pretty chaotic lifestyle.
By the time I entered 8th grade, I felt like an outsider at each school I attended. The education I was receiving did not fit my needs and did not fit the expectations of what I wanted in an education. Because of the lack of preparation I received, I failed all entrance tests to the prestigious high schools of Milwaukee. I was sure that I would end up back in one of the schools where the teachers didn’t teach and the children ran wild. That was, until I heard about the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program through a presentation by HOPE Christian High School.
The education they described to me was the education I had in mind for myself. When they told me it was a tuition based institute, I thought for sure my chances of receiving a quality education were over – until they told us about the choice program. From there, I went on to being accepted into the choice program, attending HOPE, and receiving an education beyond what I ever thought was possible. My class broke the African-American ACT average score, we got 100 percent acceptance into college, and around 80 percent of us went on to attend college. I am proud to say I am now a senior at Wisconsin Lutheran College, and that next May I will have my bachelor’s degree. None of this would have been possible without the choice program.
What are three of your personal proof points that school choice works?
- Because of the education I was able to receive through the choice program, I earned a high ACT score, which allowed me to get scholarships to most of the colleges I applied to.
- I graduated top three in my senior class.
- I was accepted into around 38 colleges.
Why was this trip to D.C. so important to you?
Visiting D.C. was important because it gave me a chance to give not only myself but other participants of the choice program a voice to express why school choice is important and all the things we were able to achieve because of the opportunities it provided us.
What was your best memory from your visit? Why?
The best memory was visiting the Capitol where we shared our personal stories about the impact school choice has had on our lives, especially with really important people who can help ensure kids like me get the same opportunity. It was an opportunity not many people get, and I was extremely grateful for the chance. | <urn:uuid:1fe84025-0e8b-48fd-a663-cfc9e874370c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.federationforchildren.org/kenya-green/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.989373 | 666 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The Wild Animal Sanctuary
[The Wild Animal Sanctuary is a U.S. organization that specializes in rescuing and caring for large predators which are being ill-treated, for which their owners can no longer care, or which might otherwise be euthanized.
Created in 1980, The Wild Animal Sanctuary is situated on 720 acres (291 ha) of grassland near Keenesburg, Colorado North of Denver, and has helped over 1,000 animals since it first opened. As of 2010, it was home to over 290 animals.
The stated mission of the sanctuary is [to rescue captive large carnivores who have been abused, abandoned, illegally kept or exploited; to create for them a wonderful life for as long as they live; and to educate about the causes and solutions to the Captive Wildlife Crisis]. The sanctuary states that there are many large carnivores living outside the zoo system in the United States, including 4000 or so tigers living as pets in Texas alone, and many of these come from the black market trade in exotic animals.
Pat Craig started The Wild Animal Sanctuary when he took in a Jaguar cub that he kept on a licensed facility on his familys farm outside Boulder, Colorado. The animals were soon moved to Lyons, Colorado to provide additional space. After 8 years in Lyons, a limestone quarry was opened nearby, forcing the sanctuary to move.
In 2005, largely because of relief efforts for Hurricane Katrina and the Indonesia tsunami, donations to the sanctuary decreased significantly, and by mid 2006 the staff thought the sanctuary would need to close. In order to help raise money, the sanctuary was opened to the public, started selling donated merchandise, brought in more volunteers, and started a program of sponsoring individual animals.
As of 2010, the sanctuary has 21 large 5-to-25-acre (2 to 10 ha), species specific habitats that are home to over 290 Lions, Tigers, Bears, Leopards, Cougars, Wolves and other large carnivores. Habitats include pools for swimming and underground dens that stay at a constant temperature year round. Visitors can view these animals in their natural habitats from a series of elevated catwalks accessed from the education center]. – Wikipedia
Photos: Animal caretakers feed animals at The Wild Animal Sanctuary on October 20, 2011 in Keenesburg, Colorado. The non-profit sanctuary is a 720 acre refuge for large carnivores that have been confiscated from illegal or abusive situations and is currently home to over 290 lions, tigers, bears, wolves and other animals. Opened in 1980, it is the oldest and largest carnivore sanctuary in the United States. (Photo by John Moore/Getty Images) | <urn:uuid:3146e478-c6f7-4988-86ab-58bb2cdcb676> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gagdaily.com/touching/535-the-wild-animal-sanctuary.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.964683 | 536 | 2.78125 | 3 |
In the 2011–12 excavation, numerous pit structures and embedded-pillar buildings of the Heian period were found.
Hinoshi (clothes iron)
The first such discovery from Ibaraki prefecture. With coals placed into the copper fire pan for heat, it was used as a clothes iron to smooth out wrinkles in cloth and so forth. Traces can be seen in the iron handle of rivet-shaped fittings having been replaced. Bits of woody material remained in the fire pan. Length: 27.7 cm; weight: 260 g.
The characters 西居 (west residence) are thought to indicate a dwelling. Rim diameter: 13.3 cm; vessel height: 4.4 cm.
The characters 冨福 (abundant wealth) are thought to be part of a formula for good luck. Rim diameter: 12.2 cm; vessel height: 4.4 cm.
Clay spindle whorls
Recovered from within pit structures. Three items have writing made with a spatula or sharp instrument, and one with the characters 大刀自 (read “Ōtoji”) made with a spatula is thought to have belonged to a woman of influence. Diameters: 4–6.8 cm; weight: 35.2–79.4 g.
Kamiya Site, Inashiki City, Ibaraki Prefecture
Heian period (latter half, tenth century)
A settlement that made thread and cloth
Located in the southern part of Ibaraki prefecture, Kamiya is a composite site that was utilized as a settlement and hunting ground in the Jōmon period, as a settlement from the Kofun into the Heian periods, and as a cemetery in the Muromachi period.
In the Heian period this region was part of the village of Ono in Shida district, ancient Hitachi province. Numerous features have been confirmed within the settlement, including 56 pit structures, 10 embedded-pillar buildings, and four large oval pits, from which it is seen that the settlement expanded in this period.
From within the pit structures sherds have been found of green-glazed and ash-glazed pottery, high-class items at the time, along with round ink stones and ink-inscribed pottery. The presence can thus be discerned of men of influence, who were literate and able to obtain high-class goods. In addition, along with the recovery of agricultural and fishing tools, as a special characteristic there were 16 spindle whorls of clay, stone, and iron found, and it appears this village was engaged in the manufacture of thread.
Also, from one of the large oval pits, a hinoshi (a long-handled, flat-bottomed metal vessel, filled with hot coals and used as an iron) was found, the first such discovery for the prefecture and rare nationwide. This tool served for smoothing wrinkles or putting pleats in cloth, and indicates the village was not only involved in the production of thread but of cloth as well. It may have been closely related to the examples of cloth from Shida district that survive in the Shōsōin imperial treasury and at Hōryūji temple in Nara.
From other large oval pits, pottery with human faces drawn in ink and large Sue ware jars have been found together with large amounts of carbonized materials. It is thought that some kind of ritual utilizing fire was conducted here. (Sakamoto Katsuhiko) | <urn:uuid:e9f423c0-680b-4fc4-9e39-2a8e1cb56215> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://archaeology.jp/remains/kamiya/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.970426 | 754 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Fire Warden Training
The fire warden training is provided by our senior members who have over 35 years of experience and knowledge in the fire industry, they will provide a detailed overview of how a fire starts, what are the necessary steps to prevent a fire, evacuation procedures and legislation of fire safety. Upon completion of the training course you will be certified as a fire warden.
This type of training is recommended for those:
- who are interested in becoming fire wardens or fire marshals
- who have the responsibility of ensuring members of staff or the public are accounted for in case of a fire
- who are in a position that involved promoting fire safety
Clients who are interested in organizing fire warden training must register their employees via Email, this can be done by contacting us on email@example.com
Courses are split between half day am or pm training which goes up to two training session and full day which can go up to four separate sessions. | <urn:uuid:5fbdeb4a-2763-4491-af32-4d93e0586cf1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gbcompliance.co.uk/__trashed-14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960242 | 202 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Reap the Benefits of Non-Physician Providers (NPPs)
Non-physician providers (NPPs) play a central role in the future of health care delivery in the United States. Medical practices are finding that non-physician providers, also referred to as “NPPs,” can extend the therapeutic reach of their physicians with the added benefits of increased patient satisfaction and improved net profits. However, there are issues you should consider before proceeding.
Find the Right Person
There are two primary categories of NPPs: Physician assistants and nurse practitioners. Which category is best for your practice depends on which is licensed in your state and the range of activities that the NPP in question is licensed to perform.
An NPP may be able to function independently or work under a doctor’s supervision — again, depending on relevant state law. Typical services that an NPP of either type may provide include:
- Coordinating health education, patient counseling and patient care;
- Ordering and/or performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures;
- Arranging patient referrals;
- Delivering on-call care;
- Performing physical exams;
- Taking patient histories; and
- Contributing to clinical decision-making.
It is important to establish benchmarks to use when evaluating the person’s performance.
Find the Right Candidates
The most direct way to find good NPP candidates is through job listings on the websites of local and national associations for physician assistants and nurse practitioners. (Check out the American Academy of Physician Assistants and the American Association of Nurse Practitioners.)
Keep in mind that the two professions are always represented by separate associations. Another source of candidates may be local schools that train NPPs.
How to Compensate NPPs
According to the MGMA Research & Analysis Report, NPP Utilization in the Future of US Healthcare, in 2012 the median annual compensation for a primary case nurse practitioner was $94,062, and for a surgical physician assistant, $112,689. Their physician counterparts earned $207,117 (family medicine physician) and $367,885 (general surgeon) respectively. Practices have several payment methodologies. For instance, you might offer an annual salary based on the NPP’s specialty and prorated for part-time. Or, you can choose an annual salary for full-time NPPs and hourly pay for part-time. The best option may be the one that incentivizes the NPP to work hard, such as a fixed-base salary plus bonuses for meeting or exceeding production goals.
What to Do Once You Hire a NPP
After you have interviewed and hired your NPPs, you will need to introduce them to two critical constituencies: Physicians and patients. When introducing them to doctors, clarify how the NPPs will fill your practice’s gaps in care. Then define the roles for physicians and NPPs and document applicable standing orders, protocols, collaborative agreements and supervision agreements. Last, send letters to patients explaining the hire of NPPs and the role they will play. Physicians should introduce the NPPs to their patients during their next visits.
How to Get Paid for NPPs’ Services
For Medicare patients, an NPP can bill for services in two ways:
- “Incident to” a physician’s care, using the doctor’s National Provider Identifier (NPI); or
- Directly after being credentialed by Medicare, using the NPP’s own NPI.
Under the first option, after an initial visit by a doctor, the NPP can provide services under the physician’s direct supervision or while the doctor is available in the office to give immediate assistance. To continue billing subsequent visits with the NPP as “incident to,” the physician must actively participate in and manage the patient’s treatment, with commensurate documentation in the patient’s medical record.
Unless all of an NPP’s services fall within the “incident to” definition, the NPP must use the second option — that is, to enroll in Medicare, obtain an NPI and bill directly. NPPs who bill directly receive lower reimbursements than when they bill “incident to.” It is 85% of the full physician fee schedule rate vs. 100%.
Billing Commercial Payers for NPPs’ Services
Private commercial payers have their own rules about reimbursing NPP services. They usually apply separate criteria for credentialing NPPs, sometimes not allowing them to bill directly.
Plus, they typically reimburse NPPs at lower rates than for supervising physicians. Your practice must bill under the doctor’s NPI and follow the billing guidelines in the payer’s provider manual. And you may need to append certain modifiers to the bill to correctly identify the NPP and supervising physician providing the care together.
Failure to satisfy the billing requirements of either Medicare or a private payer can create serious compliance problems for a practice. Regularly consult the websites of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and relevant private insurers to stay up to date on NPP billing rules.
Think About It
NPPs can bring substantial value to a practice, lightening doctors’ workloads and bringing in some fresh perspective. But integrating them into your operations and reimbursing them can be tricky. If you are intrigued by the concept, discuss it with your practice’s leadership and business advisors.
Improving Your Profits with Proven Business Practices
GREG KOELLING, CPA
There are many things that can affect a medical practice’s profits. External factors, such as the economy or changing demographics, can be beyond one’s control. However, many proven business practices can help you increase your bottom line.
One of the simplest ways to monitor your financial health is to use a budget. You can create a basic budget by simply checking the previous 12-month financial statement and setting goals for revenue and expenses. Be sure you include each line item in your budget, including physician compensation.
The easiest way to increase your revenue is to collect for services that you have already provided. Monitor your outstanding receivables based on the date of service, not the date of billing, and send account statements out monthly to any patient with an outstanding balance. Follow up on all insurance denials for legitimacy.
Another simple method for adding to your top line (and bottom line) is to make sure you are utilizing the correct CPT code for your procedures. Mistakes here can result in substantial revenue loss. However, you must make sure that you are billing appropriately for the level of service provided. Often, having an outside service perform a chart audit can provide you with peace of mind that you are both utilizing the most appropriate codes and not leaving any revenue on the table. .
Refinancing loans and credit lines can frequently reduce your cash outlay and increase your bottom line. Your CPA and banker can advise you of the optimal way to lower your interest rate or change your payout term.
Another way to reduce your overhead costs is to analyze your current equipment in conjunction with repairs and maintenance costs. Are you spending more on maintenance than it would cost to simply replace the equipment? Additionally, it makes sense to consider alternatives such as leasing and maintenance contracts while looking at these items together.
Is every person on your staff vital in achieving practice goals? Do you have the right mix of professional, semi-professional and administrative staff? Look at each position objectively and then ask yourself how the position is helping patients or controlling costs.
Employee benefits are one of the largest expenses to a medical practice. You should review the health insurance coverage you are providing your employees every year. There are many ways to reduce health insurance costs which are both common in the market place and expected by employees. Some of these options include: Increasing deductibles, adding a Flexible Spending Account (FSA) or a Health Savings Account (HSA), instituting a waiting period for new employees, covering only full-time employees and allocating an annual fixed-dollar contribution to employees for medical plans.
The same should be done for any life or disability insurance that you provide as well.
An insurance broker is your best resource for these services, especially considering the potential costs and penalties that you could incur with the implementation of the Affordable Care Act.
Diligence Toward the Process
Once you implement the steps noted above, it is important to both monitor your progress and evaluate the results. As we approach a new year, it is an opportunity to start the next year off on the right foot. If you need any assistance in creating a budget, analyzing your costs or developing tools to monitor those results, contact Greg Koelling at [email protected] or call him at 312.670.7444. Visit orba.com to learn more about our Health Care Group. | <urn:uuid:18aa16cb-9299-4a29-87df-f00a750284d2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.orba.com/newsletters/health-care-group-newsletter-winter-2015/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.93505 | 1,870 | 1.890625 | 2 |
This item is available under a Creative Commons License for non-commercial use only
It can cost a minimum of $110,000 a year for a professional golfer to compete on the PGA Tour. For the successful golfers who earn millions every year, this is not a problem. For those lower ranked golfers, it is a problem. This is due to the fact that almost half the golfers who compete in any one PGA Tour tournament will not get paid, because they have missed the dreaded cut. When a golfer begins to consistently miss the cut, they can come under financial pressure which may manifest itself into poor further tournament performances. This dissertation attempts to aid these less successful golfers by developing models which will predict the likelihood of a professional golfer missing the cut or not. By using the prediction provided by these models, a golfer could then decide not compete in a tournament and so save money on travel expenses and support staff. They could then practice their golf game, working on the aspects of their skills that the model has suggested. Additionally, the dissertation will attempt to answer a number of questions surrounding the influence of external factors on a golfer’s performance using statistical inference.
Leahy, B. (2014) Predicting Professional Golfer Performance Using Proprietary PGA Tour “Shotlink” Data. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Technological University Dublin for the degree of M.Sc. in Computing (Data Analytics) July 2014. | <urn:uuid:9caf6774-0d93-4ddf-a019-23bf71a11dfb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://arrow.tudublin.ie/scschcomdis/68/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.927666 | 328 | 1.796875 | 2 |
People in crisis should call 911, the National Suicide Prevention Hotline at 1-800-273-TALK, or Dane County Suicide Crisis Line: (608) 280-2600
DO I HAVE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION?
Parents with a newborn baby* at home may feel a bit worried, emotional, and tired. However, if you or your partner are experiencing increased sadness, anger, irritability, or constant worry for two weeks or more and are noticing that it's affecting your day-to-day life, it may be time to reach out for help. 1 in 7 moms and 1 in 10 dads experience a perinatal mood or anxiety disorder (PMAD) such as postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety, or postpartum OCD. PMADs are not "one size fits all," and your symptoms may not match any we've mentioned above.
Here is a great resource to learn more about The Symptoms of Postpartum Depression and Anxiety.
Parents can contact the Postpartum Support International Helpline, where the volunteers will connect you with resources that can help.
Madison Area Perinatal Collective mental health care providers (and the insurance they accept) can be found here
Postpartum Support International also offers a number of free online support groups.
There's no shame. You are not to blame. There is hope for recovery.
If you are a parent who has experienced a miscarriage, stillbirth, or infant death, we are so sorry for your loss. We encourage you to reach out to an organization such as Bereaved Parents of Madison. Its members are specially trained to best support you during this time.
*Are you the parent of an older child and noticing symptoms? You could also be experiencing a perinatal mood or anxiety disorder as well. Please reach out to Postpartum Support International. | <urn:uuid:dab60fe1-6575-4dac-b1ca-a4d0e9990968> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.madisonpostpartumcollective.com/do-i-have-postpartum-depression | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.926924 | 388 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Weed Management After a Flood
Floods can affect weeds both the year they occur and in subsequent years. The biggest impact in the flood year will be the reduced competitive ability of the crop. Weeds will take advantage of the stunted or killed crops and grow to maturity.
In the year after a flood, new weed problems will be likely. Some of the weeds carried into the field by floodwaters may not have germinated in time to be noticed during the previous growing season. Mechanical and chemical methods need to be considered in both the flood year and subsequent years to manage weeds. A bioassay test—in which seeds are planted in flooded and nonflooded soil samples—can be helpful to determine if soils are safe for intended crops.
If the Crop Recovers
If the crop recovers after the flood, make an effort to reduce the impact of weed competition. This may not be practical if fields are too wet to enter for mechanical or chemical weeding.
Check fields regularly to monitor crop and weed development. Take note of weed species. Are there any new species? This may happen if weed seeds were carried into the field by floodwater. Make a field map of these weed locations and use it to plan next year’s weed management program.
Consider whether herbicides can be safely applied. Most labels clearly specify the maximum growth stage of the crop at which the product can be used. Applications following a mid-season flood are very likely beyond this “window” of application timing. Most labels also caution against using herbicides if the crop is under any stress. Thus, the feasibility of herbicide use the same year as a flood occurs is limited.
If herbicide use is feasible but conditions are extremely wet, consider using a commercial sprayer equipped with flotational tires.
When Crops Are Damaged
Flooding usually kills the crop or at least injures it so severely that it will not be be worth harvesting. If this is the case, try to prevent weeds from going to seed through the use of mowing, tillage or chemical application.
As mentioned above, take note of any new weed species that are present. Make a field map of the weeds to plan next year’s weed control program.
Mowing will allow some weeds to survive but may hasten drying of the soil more than using herbicides. Mowing is also an option if the soil is too wet to be tilled. Mechanically tilling the soil, if it is dry enough, will destroy weeds. It will also aerate the soil more than either mowing or spraying. Applying non-selective, nonresidual herbicides may be a good option if the soil is too wet to work mechanically.
Repeat either mowing, tillage or chemical application if another generation of weeds emerges that will have time to produce seed.
Should you allow even more time than product labels specify before planting rotation crops? Probably not if you have used DNAs (as noted in chart), but it’s difficult to say for other chemicals. Consider whether floodwaters brought in untreated soil from other fields. Also consider whether runoff removed a significant part of the applied product. When in doubt, use the bioassay test described below or send a soil sample to a commercial lab for chemical analysis. In some cases it may be appropriate to allow an extra week or two beyond the normal plant-back interval and to deep-till the field to dilute any remaining residues.
Once the field has been planted, monitor it carefully for possible weed problems. If weed densities approach the economic threshold, use the appropriate mechanical or chemical measures to control them.
The Year after the Flood
Be alert for new weed problems the year after the flood. Some weeds may have germinated after you made an assessment of weeds during the flood year. Others may have remained dormant until this season. The flood may also have deposited soil that is different in texture, pH and organic matter content. These factors may influence herbicide performance and crop safety. Take soil samples and base herbicide selection and rates on current soil characteristics.
The new soil may have herbicide residues from the previous season’s application. These levels are unlikely to affect this year’s crop, but it would be wise to do a simple bioassay test to determine if planned crops are feasible in the flood-deposited soil. To carry out a bioassay test:
- Take several one-quart soil samples from the flooded field and plant three or four seeds of the planned crop in each one.
- Collect soil samples from a known herbicide-free site to use as a standard and plant three or four seeds of the planned crop.
- Grow the seedlings for two to four weeks.
- If plants in the flooded soil are normal and appear to grow as well as those in the herbicidefree soil, indications are strong that it is safe to plant your crop.
- If crop growth in the flooded soil is abnormal, have an agricultural professional determine if the symptoms are related to possible herbicide residues in the soil or to other causes such as nutrient deficiencies or diseases.
A Closer Look at Herbicides
Herbicides decompose in the soil by microbial action. This breakdown is slowed under flooded (anaerobic) conditions. Soil temperatures also are cooler under flooded and wet soil conditions, slowing both microbial and chemical degradation. Thus the potential for herbicide carryover that would injure the subsequent crop may increase after flooding. A summary of possible effects of flooding on herbicide breakdown is given in the table below.
Table 1. Degradation of pesticides under anaerobic conditions
|Product or Chemical Family||Degradation under Anaerobic Conditions|
|Triazines (atrazine, Bladex, Sencor)||slower|
|Thicarbamates (Eradicane, Sutan+)||slower|
|DNAs (Treflan, Prowl)||faster|
|Acetanailides (Lasso, Dual, Frontier)||can degrade anaerobically|
|Substituted ureas (Lorox)||unknown|
|Roundup||can degrade anaerobically|
|Accent and Beacon||unknown|
|Poast, Fusilade, Assure||unknown|
The Mississippi State University Extension Service is working to ensure all web content is accessible to all users. If you need assistance accessing any of our content, please email the webteam or call 662-325-2262. | <urn:uuid:f882c444-aa0f-4736-9b3d-c69efbe51cca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://msucares.com/publications/information-sheets/weed-management-after-flood | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.915433 | 1,371 | 3 | 3 |
COVID-19 came from China; Can We Use Chinese Herbal Medicines to Treat COVID-19?
An interesting correspondence from The Lancet expands further on this.
Chinese officials announced at a press conference on April 14, 2020 that three patent herbal drugs had been approved to treat COVID-19 symptoms – these included Lianhuaqingwen capsules, Jinhuaqinggan granules for mild conditions and Xuebijing injectable for severe conditions.
These drugs are widely used within China to treat COVID-19. At this press conference it was claimed that the drugs can effectively relieve symptoms including fever, cough and fatigue. They also claimed that it reduced the probability of patients developing severe conditions but there was no data provided to confirm this.
There has been no rigorously peer reviewed clinical trial of herbal drugs in any international recognised journal. These approvals were based on in-vitro investigations and anecdotal clinical data. It is worrying that the approval may lead to severe worrisome consequences.
This must be the top priority. Herbal practitioners argue that herbal medications are widely used and safe, but is this actually true? All drugs carry risks. It should be remembered that in 1990 it was reported that women who followed a slimming herbal remedy developed rapidly progressive renal failure and urothelial cancer. Investigation showed that aristolochic acid, found in many traditional herbs was contributory.
An injectable herbal drug called Xiyanping which had been recommended by the Chinese diagnosis and treatment protocol for COVID-19 has already been recalled after reports of adverse effects. Many patent herbal drugs have been used clinically for many years.
However, when used as a treatment for a novel disease like COVID-19 and especially in combination with antivirals, antibiotics and immune suppressants, it is so important that their safety is evaluated.
Where is the evidence from clinical trials to support the efficacy of these herbal medications? Traditional medical practitioners argue that herbal remedies cannot be tested because they are tailored to each individual’s symptoms and syndromes. This argument is a fallacy. Many patent herbal drugs are produced in advance of any treatment and their composition is actually fixed. Clinical endpoints such as mortality, time to clinical improvement and number of days in an intensive care unit could be used to evaluate the efficacy of herbal drugs used in treatment for COVID-19.
Clearly standardised double-blind trials have methodological challenges, take time, effort and have financial considerations but this should not be a reason for lowering safety and efficacy standards in order to allow traditional herbal medications to be used. The argument that thousands of years of usage and faith cannot be taken as evidence for the efficacy of these traditional herbs.
Their actual basic molecular mechanism is unclear. Lianhuaqingwen capsules have been shown to have a wide-spectrum antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect. Unfortunately, their active ingredients and the underlying mechanism of action are unknown. Traditional herbal drugs usually contain many active ingredients and these need to be better understood and in particular, which ingredient is the functional one. Limited experimental cell cultures and animal studies do not guarantee safety and efficacy.
Finally, it is possible to purchase these herbal medications without a doctor’s prescription. They claim to treat effectively COVID-19 and some patients with flu like symptoms self-medicate. This avoids these patients from seeking medical help and may delay the proper diagnosis and treatment of their symptoms and disease. This will inevitably hamper the government’s testing, tracing and quarantining efforts.
At the end of January rumours circulating on social media suggested that a patent herbal drug called Shuanghuanglian containing honeysuckle and forsythia, used routinely in traditional medicine to treat influenza and the common cold, was considered as a treatment for COVID-19. Millions of people bought this herbal drug as a just-in-case remedy.
Clearly, the current COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented challenge for all governments and public. It is argued that screening potential active components from traditional herbal medicines is a viable strategy that should not be dismissed. However, this should not be rushed without sufficient scientific evidence.
With the increased morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, it is understandable why the emergency use of unproven drugs is considered, but this must be based on evidence. The Chinese Government has invested huge sums of money to promote the modernisation and standardisation of traditional medicine. They have carried out sustainable basic and clinical research to get international recognition, but the rushed approval of these herbal medications to treat COVID-19 is a backward step. Any attempt to find a cure or treatment should include rigorous testing and trials.
The London General Practice has kept abreast of all available treatments, whether novel or approved and provides a COVID safety net approach when looking after its patients with COVID. It has sought advice from leading experts and continues to help any patient whether at home or admitted to hospital.
The London General Practice
To find out more about the services which The London General Practice offers please visit our home page. | <urn:uuid:5915ae98-f06b-46c8-a507-fd591ba3d2eb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thelondongeneralpractice.com/coronavirus-and-chinese-medicine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.949324 | 1,045 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Firefighting commander Rocky Opliger can dial directly into the Rough Fire on his iPhone 6s to track his location via satellite as he walks the perimeter for a detailed look. He can stream live video feeds from helicopters and aircraft – in 3D.
From any angle, this monster wildfire east of Fresno is a zombie. Opliger, a highly experienced incident commander, and other leaders who preceded him here, say the Rough Fire has repeatedly come back from the dead.
Over six weeks, the fire has found unexpected ways to stay alive. It has burned parched moss on boulders to slip through defenses, blasted through cracks in fire lines and made an unlikely crossing of the Kings River.
As San Joaquin Valley cities filled with smoke for several days in September, firefighters waged a desperate war against a fire cutting through moisture-starved grasses, chaparral and timber.
“It was burning in the most brutally steep places you’ll find in this country,” said Opliger, who heads an expert national firefighting team called in for the Rough Fire. “The fuels are so dry. The fire finds them. Fire always finds fuels this dry.”
The gentle rain and lower temperatures last week helped firefighters and technology finally gain the upper hand. The Rough Fire soon will not be a threat, leaders say.
Public land managers feared this type of blaze from the very beginning when a lightning strike sparked it in the early evening hours of July 31. At the time, the fire had burned only a few acres on a remote ridge between Rough Creek and Deer Creek at the southern edge of the Sierra National Forest.
Now, at more than 141,000 acres, it is the 15th largest wildfire in recorded state history, and the largest ever in Fresno County.
Opliger says the size of the fire – with a suppression price tag of about $100 million – was a product of drought, dead trees and a steep, rugged landscape. It probably will continue to fester in a few places until the snow flies later this fall.
“You might still have some spots of smoke next spring,” Opliger said.
Contrary to rumors, there was never any thought of allowing the fire to burn vegetation to thin out an overgrown forest, Opliger and other authorities say. They say they were always in suppression mode with this fire.
They had good reason to be concerned after four years of drought. California fires already have torched more than twice the acreage burned in 2014, according to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.
The U.S. Forest Service in April released a chilling report saying an aerial study reported an estimated 12 million trees dead in the southern Sierra Nevada and Southern California. The estimate was several times higher than any other year. And ground zero as a fire hazard was east of Fresno in the southern Sierra.
At the time, Matt Dias, assistant executive officer of the California Board of Forestry and Fire Protection, said, “This is an emergency.”
When the Rough Fire began to spread in August, thoughts turned to protection of people, property and groves of the last surviving giant sequoias on the planet.
Researching the area, authorities learned that this slice of forest had not burned in at least a century, meaning there would be nightmarish, thick underbrush and places jammed with dead and diseased trees.
Jumping the River
The Rough Fire was spotted from Buck Rock Lookout, which is in the Sequoia National Forest, south of the Sierra National Forest. The little fire was one of several lightning-spawned blazes that warm July evening, and firefighters were able to quell the ones they could reach.
In the Hume Lake Ranger District of the Sequoia forest, district ranger Teresa Benson says her staff fire expert, Shelby Charlie, knew there were no roads or trails in the vertical landscape where the then-small Rough fire burned.
No one could safely get in there quickly, and an aerial attack would not have been enough in the dry vegetation, authorities say.
Within a few days, Charlie began to suspect the small, meandering fire would jump the Kings River – a major waterway with no record of having fires get past it, Benson says. But something in the swirling breezes and the movement of the stubborn little fire got Charlie’s attention.
“Shelby Charlie was born and raised in this area,” Benson said. “He was a ‘hot shot’ here many years ago and knows this area very well. We decided somewhere around August 5 to come up with a plan to protect Hume Lake, the sequoia groves and everyone in the district. It turned out to be a good idea.”
By August 18, officials say, the fire had indeed jumped the river, threatening Hume Lake Christian Camps and raising the possibility of it shifting into Kings Canyon National Park toward Cedar Grove and Grant Grove, home of the prized General Grant Tree, the second-largest tree in the world.
Benson says firefighters were able to burn vegetation and divert the fire from Hume Lake. But the fire’s smoke at times turned the air hazardous at the Hume Lake camp facilities and, in Kings Canyon National Park, buildings in Wilsonia and Cedar Grove.
During the next several days, Benson says, firefighters had to cut through vegetation and brush 12 feet high to create open areas where the fire would die down. But the blaze seemed to always find a small corridor, sneak through the lines and flare up again as it found more vegetation to burn.
“The fire would sprint through a little hole in the fire line,” she said. “Sometimes, the fire would lay down, but then a burning pine cone would roll far enough to reach more fuel, and it would start up again. It was frustrating after putting in days of work.”
Firefighters would pull back and establish another line, only to see the fire find its way to dense stands of dead trees and snags.
“Our whole staff has worked around the clock on this fire,” she said. “We’ve been here the whole time working on this fire. I’m proud of what we have done.”
Heat Wave, Then Rain
As smoke plumes drifted over foothill communities and eventually into the San Joaquin Valley, more questions arose about stopping the fire back in early August when it was much smaller.
Opliger, who spent 38 years with the U.S. Forest Service and has fought fires all over the country, says an aerial attack with fire retardant would not have stopped the Rough Fire.
“Aerial assault is a great tool,” he said. “But you need boots on the ground to establish the fire lines, especially in these dry conditions.”
Even with experts and computer programs taking into account low moisture, lack of humidity and other factors, the fire defied predictions. Sierra fires usually slow down at night as humidity rises, but it was too dry for that. The Rough Fire continued expanding, menacing some areas, destroying four buildings, forcing evacuations and leaving seven firefighters injured.
The Rough Fire became even more relentless in the early September heat wave, growing many thousands of acres in a single day. Roads were shut down and more people were evacuated in a wider region as the fire turned west toward the valley. Authorities split the fire into three divisions as thousands of firefighters battled it.
On Monday, the weakening remnants of Hurricane Linda came ashore and spread into the southern Sierra, as well as the valley. The dampness and lower temperatures calmed the Rough Fire, and the fire lines held.
By midweek, Opliger says, he knew firefighters would have containment within a week or so. Containment was near 70 percent by the end of the week. He says firefighters and equipment are slowly being reassigned to other wildfires in California and elsewhere.
The concern now is the massive fire lines opened up by bulldozers around the fire. In a big downpour this winter, mudslides could develop in the fire-scarred areas, and the fire lines would become part of the problem.
Including the Rough Fire, there are eight large wildfires burning in the state, and 13,000 firefighters working on them, Cal Fire reports. The Rough Fire is the largest, and Opliger says it could have been much worse.
“This was fuel- and terrain-driven fire,” Opliger said. “We’re just lucky we didn’t get a lot of wind.”
Read more coverage of the California drought and water issues in the Fresno Bee here.
Top image: A helicopter drops water at Yucca Point as the Rough Fire burns near Kings Canyon National Park on August 19. While aerial firefighting was a critical part of the effort, firefighters on the ground ultimately got the big blaze under control. ( Eric Paul Zamora, Fresno Bee) | <urn:uuid:849ad03b-3408-4f31-b84b-28e457576fa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deeply.thenewhumanitarian.org/water/articles/2015/9/23/the-fire-that-wouldnt-die-a-drought-nightmare-come-true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969321 | 1,859 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Careful planning is not only reserved for buying furniture. You also need to plan adequately when choosing your lighting fixtures as well as how to install them. An interior designer can help you with this job but if your budget is limited, you can adapt the following steps.
Your first step is to obtain your living room plan. Settle on how you want to divide the areas including your furniture. One or two sources of light are better; hence, aside from having a general light put a lamp in those areas that need illumination. To better visualize this, get a paper and draw your living room. Put red points or spots on the areas that will be occupied by your furniture while draw a circle to signify those areas where lights are to be installed. Use a rectangular shape for the switches. Ensure that you place your switch in various points for easy access. The switch for the general light must be located near your front door. Every light that is to be installed must have its own switch.
Install lights on each corner of your living room to help you find things easily. However, ensure that your lights must also blend with the furniture.
The general or the main light is still important, so do not forget this. This light will brighten up the whole living room when your family wants to play a board game or entertaining guests. Dim lights are not helpful for these activities. You can make use of a floor lamp with halogen bulbs.
Use a table or floor lamp to light up your sofas and chairs but make certain that its intensity can be modified.
Task lights can be used to give emphasis to a painting, sculpture or any decoration that you want to be noticed. You can also have it on your accent wall.
If you have assigned an area exclusive for reading, have a desk lamp. The bulb must not be too glaring or too soft so as not to hurt the eyes.
Lamps can be installed near the TV but should give off a soft streak of radiance.
If the entrance door of your living room faces the street, mounts lights near the door. Choose lights that give off a soft glow.
If you want to have a more calming ambiance, have lights that emit soft streaks of light. For a livelier ambiance, have lights with more intensity. Both of these lights are necessary though. Lights with dimmer switches are good choices for quick transformation.
Choose lights that do not hurt the eyes particularly when reading or watching TV or a move.
Floor and table lamps emit a soft gentle radiance that is comfy, warm and inviting.
Lights when chosen appropriately will further add to the pleasing and warm ambiance of your living room. You do not even need to buy expensive furniture pieces so long as you select your lights and install them properly. Get the ambiance that you want for your living room by matching your furniture pieces, wall paint color, furnishings and your lighting accoutrements. | <urn:uuid:e26df708-b711-4329-b62a-49f41e39ff79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://blog.lafurniturestore.com/install-lights-in-your-living-room-appropriately-for-a-better-ambiance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.955213 | 600 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Should Moral Individuals Ever Lie? Insights from Jewish Law
Should Moral Individuals Ever Lie? Insights from Jewish Law
by Hershey H. Friedman, Ph.D. and Abraham C. Weisel, Esq.
Hershey H. Friedman, Ph.D.
Professor of Business and Marketing
Director of Business Program
Department of Economics
Brooklyn College of the City University of New York
firstname.lastname@example.org Abraham C. Weisel, Esq.
© 2003 Dr. H. H. Friedman and A. C. Weisel
AbstractDishonesty and deception are serious crimes in Jewish law. The Torah explicitly demands that one should "Distance himself from a false matter." There are, however, situations in which Jewish law permits or even demands that one engage in deception. This paper will discuss when it is permissible in Jewish law to prevaricate and deceive.
Recently, a psychology study found that the average person lies about 150 to 200 times per day. (Geary, 2000; Walsh, 2001). At first blush, such numbers seem to stagger rather than inform. Most people would be offended if they were told that they tell an average of eight to twelve untruths every waking hour. Nonetheless, after additional reflection and careful consideration of true day-to-day social interactions, we almost intuit that lying is not only more common than we expect, it is more necessary as well.
Indubitably, truth is important for the welfare of society. The famous dictum by Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel (Babylonian Talmud, Avot 1:18) proclaims "the world endures on three things: justice, truth, and peace." It is difficult to imagine a society surviving for long if no one cares about honesty. Are there situations where one is permitted, or even obligated, to lie? This is a question that has been of great interest to theologians, philosophers, and religious leaders.
It appears that Aristotle in his Ethics feels that it is never permissible to prevaricate. Plato, on the other hand, in his Republic, is of the opinion that there are situations when one is indeed permitted to lie. For instance, he allows physicians to lie to patients if it is for their own good and statesmen to deceive if it is for the welfare of the public. Similarly, Christian thinkers and modern philosophers have also divided into two camps: Those who take an absolutist position on lying, whereby it is always forbidden, and those who believe that falsehoods are sometimes necessary, and accordingly, permissible.
In De Mendacio (On Lying), written c. 395 C.E., Augustine takes an absolutist approach to lying. Citing Psalms (5: 6-7) he rhetorically queries: How can one ever prevaricate if the Lord abhors liars and will destroy them. Accordingly, Augustine does not agree with those that favorably point to the two Hebrew midwives, Shifrah and Puah, who risked their lives by lying to the Pharaoh in order to save the newborn Israelite babies in Egypt (Exodus 1: 19-21), as proof that it may be praiseworthy to be dishonest. To Augustine, lies are abhorrent, even if for a good purpose. Augustine, however, espouses a hierarchy among eight types of lies, ranging from falsehoods "in religious doctrine" (the worst) to lies that do not hurt anyone. Similarly, Thomas Aquinas (Summa Theologia, Part II, Question 110) also took an absolutist approach to lying and believed that "every lie is a sin" yet he too, makes distinctions among falsehoods. Jocose (made in jest) and officious (for the benefit of others) lies are not mortal sins and "the greater the good intended, the more is the sin of lying diminished in gravity." Unsurprisingly, injurious, hurtful lies that are harmful to others are deemed mortal sins.
Immanuel Kant also took the absolutist position and claimed that a lie is a "crime of man against his own person" and must therefore be shunned regardless of the costs. He also took the position that one is never permitted to lie even if there is a murderer at the door looking for his victim’s room.
Some religious leaders did not agree with the absolutist view on falsehoods. St. John Chrysostom believed that lying in order to benefit others is permitted. Cassian and Origen felt that sometimes lies are necessary but they should be used the way we use medicine, something we do with distaste but out of necessity (Catholic Encyclopedia). Martin Luther also felt that lying for the sake of the Christian church would not be a sin.
Grotius (1925), the seventeenth century Dutch theologian and legal scholar, by many considered "the father of modern international law," also rejects the absolutist position and asserts that falsehoods are only a problem if it violates the right of the individual who hears it. Suppose the individual telling the lie has wicked intentions, then s/he forfeits the right to hear the truth. Similarly, children are too young to have acquired this right and thus may be lied to.
Sidgwick (1966, 313-316) makes the argument that if we may kill to defend ourselves, why should we not be able to lie if this will provide us with a better means of protection. He asserts the following:
Where deception is designed to benefit the person deceived, Common Sense seems to concede that it may sometimes be right: for example, most persons would not hesitate to speak falsely to an invalid, if this seemed the only way of concealing facts that might produce a dangerous shock: nor do I perceive that any one shrinks front telling fictions to children, on matters upon which it is thought well that they should not know the truth.
Bok (1999; pp. 90 -106) feels that there are several conditions that may excuse a falsehood. A "test of publicity" should be used to determine whether a lie is justifiable. The test asks (p. 93): "Which lies, if any, would survive the appeal for justification to reasonable persons. It requires us to seek concrete and open performance of an exercise crucial to ethics: the Golden Rule, basic to so many religious and moral traditions."
Bok suggests that, as part of the test, one should first consult with her own conscience and ask how she would feel if roles were reversed and she were lied to. Also, will this lie encourage others to lie or even change the personality of the individual who has been untruthful so that she now finds it easy to lie, even when it is not justifiable? After introspection, one should consult with a small but representative group of people to see how they feel about the lie and would they approve of it. Clearly, lying to the murderer looking for his victim or to the Gestapo seeking Jews in hiding would easily pass the "test of publicity" and would be permissible.
According to Nietzsche, "lying is a necessity of life." Stiegnitz contends that lying starts with "how are you?" a question for which no one really cares to hear the answer. Stiegnitz believes that telling falsehoods are "an essential part of survival in everyday life" and "as necessary to life as air and water" (Geary, 2000; Walsh, 2001). Nyberg (1993) also believes that without lying, it would be virtually impossible to have a relationship. Society could not survive if we all felt compelled to always tell the truth.
Intuitively, it appears obvious that truth can be quite hurtful. Some secular writers seem to align themselves with the anti-absolutist position:
"A truth that's told with bad intent
Beats all the lies you can invent" [William Blake]
"Tis not enough your counsel still be true;
Blunt truths more mischief than nice falsehoods do"
"The truth is an awful weapon of aggression.
It is possible to lie, and even to murder, with the truth"
The Jewish View on Lying
The Torah seems to be unequivocal with regard to lying: "Thou shall not bear false witness" (Exodus 20:16), "Thou shall not steal, thou shall not deny falsely, and thou shall not lie one to another" (Leviticus 19: 11), and "Distance yourself from a false matter" (Exodus 23:7). The first verse clearly applies to witnesses in a court; the second has been defined as a prohibition against swearing in order to avoid returning someone else’s property (see Sefer HaChinuch 226). A closer perusal of the latter verse reveals that the Torah is regulating in the context of a Jewish court of law. As such, there is much dispute as to whether the proscription of lying in a non-judicial context is Biblically or Rabbinically based. Some halachic decisors are of the opinion that the Torah only explicitly forbids lying by judges and witnesses, whereas others apply this prohibition universally. For the former, the prohibition against lying to cause another financial harm derives from the verse (Leviticus 19: 36): "You shall have just scales, just weights, a just ephah (a dry measure), and a just hin (a liquid measure)." The Rabbis homiletically (Babylonian Talmud, Baba Metzia 49a) translate hin to mean "yes" based on the similarity of the word hin to the Aramaic word meaning yes (hen). According to the Talmud, the verse "a just hin" teaches us that an individual’s "yes" should be just as should be his "no."
As far as lying in situations where no harm results, there is a dispute among the commentaries as to whether it is prohibited by the Torah. Yabrov (2000, pp.1-5) provides an extensive treatment and concludes that the majority of decisors are of the opinion that the verse "Distance yourself from a false matter" includes all kind of lies. We shall see, however, that the Talmud does not take an absolutist position on lying and permits and even encourages lying in certain situations.
There are four important Talmudic texts that deal with the issue of permissible deceptions. The first is the following (Babylonian Talmud, Yebamoth 65b).
Rabbi Ille’a said in the name of Rabbi Elazar son of Rabbi Shimon: It is permitted for a person to deviate from the truth in the interest of peace, as it says (Genesis 50: 16-17): "Your father [Jacob] commanded before his death, saying: So shall you say to Joseph, ‘O Please forgive the offense of your brothers and their sin for they have treated you so wickedly.’"
Rabbi Nathan said it is a commandment [to deviate from the truth in the interest of peace], as it says (I Samuel 16:2): "And Samuel said, ‘How can I go? If Saul hears of it, he will kill me.’"
At the Academy of Rabbi Yishmael it was taught: Great is the cause of peace, seeing that for its sake, even the Holy One, blessed be He, changed the truth, for at first it is written (Genesis 18:12), ‘My lord [i.e., husband Abraham] is old, while afterward it is written (18:13), "And I am old."
The case dealing with Joseph’s brothers is as follows. After Jacob’s death, Joseph’s brothers feared that Joseph would retaliate against them and get even for what they had done to him. They therefore fabricated a story that Jacob begged Joseph to forgive his brothers for having sold him into slavery. There is no record of such an instruction and the Talmud assumes that the brothers invented the story in the name of peace.
The second case is where God Himself suggests to the prophet Samuel to bring a heifer and say that he came to sacrifice it, though the prophet’s true mission was to anoint David as a successor for King Saul. The commentaries note that even though Samuel did indeed bring a sacrifice, the deception was in implying that this was the only purpose of his trip to Bethlehem.
Rabbi Yishmael’s proof is from the story of Abraham and Sarah. When Sarah overheard one of the three "guests" telling Abraham that she would have a son by the following year she laughed and said to herself that her husband was old. God gets angry and asks Abraham why Sarah laughed in disbelief saying she was old, i.e., too old to have children. Seemingly, God altered the truth in order to spare Abraham’s feelings.
It should be noted that Rabbi Nathan not only agrees that one is permitted to lie in the name of peace, he believes that it is a mitzvah (commandment) to lie if this will bring peace.
It appears that normative halacha agrees with the ruling of Rabbi Nathan [Yabrov 2000, p. 23].
The second text (Babylonian Talmud, Kethuboth 16b-17a) discusses the problem of what praises to say before a bride at her wedding.
The Rabbis taught: How does one dance before the bride [i.e., what does one say in praise of her]? The School of Shammai says: We praise the bride as she is. The School of Hillel says: We say that she is a beautiful and graceful bride. The School of Shammai said to the School of Hillel: If she was lame or blind, does one say about her that she is a beautiful and graceful bride? But the Torah said (Exodus 23: 7): "Distance yourself from a false matter." The School of Hillel said to the School of Shammai: According to your opinion, if someone made an inferior purchase in the marketplace, should one praise it or deprecate it in his eyes. Surely, one should praise it. From here [the latter statement of the Hillel School] the Sages said: A person’s disposition should always be pleasant with people.
Tosafos notes that the School of Shammai agrees that if someone makes a bad purchase, others should laud the item. However, in the case of a bride, the sages should not institute a general rule that forces everyone to lie, given the Torah’s aversion of falsehoods. Rabbi Isaiah diTrani (Tosefot RI"D) also notes that the opinion of the Sages is that one has to be pleasant with people even if it means that he has to lie. The Ritva (Rabbi Yomtov ben Abraham), in his discussion of the above Talmudic passage, states in an unambiguous manner that wherever one has to be concerned about "the ways of peace" there is no prohibition of "Distance yourself from a false matter." This would probably include such statements as "you look good," "nice to see you," "thanks for the wonderful gift," "I really had a wonderful time," "You haven’t aged a bit," or "I missed you." Being told by friends that "You look terrible," "I couldn’t care less whether I saw you," "I hate your gift," "I had a lousy time," "Boy, did you age," or "I did not miss you at all" would not further the cause of peace.
The above passage regarding "how one dances before the bride" also appears in another tractate of the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Kallah Rabbathi 10). There, however, the Talmud notes that the School of Hillel connects the proscription (Exodus 23:7) of "Distance yourself from a false matter" with the end of the verse that states "And the innocent and righteous do not slay." The verse, therefore, is speaking of testifying falsely and thereby causing an innocent person to be executed. The Talmud concludes that the Hillel School believes that when the lie preserves life, e.g., strengthening the bond between bride and groom, lying is acceptable.
The third text (Babylonian Talmud, Bava Metzia 23b-24a) describes three situations when even scholars may lie.
Rabbi Yehuda stated in the name of Shmuel: In the following three matters it is the practice of the rabbis not to tell the truth: In matters of a tractate, a bed, and hospitality.
If a rabbi is asked whether he is familiar with a certain tractate, he may, for the sake of humility, answer in the negative even if he is knowledgeable in that tractate. Of course, one should not disclaim knowledge of a particular tractate if one asks because he seeks help. According to Rashi, the meaning of "bed" is that if a rabbi is asked whether he engaged in sexual relations with his wife, he may, for the sake of modesty, answer that he has not. Tosafos, does not accept this explanation since people do not normally ask someone whether or not he slept with his wife. Tosafos offers an alternative explanation. One may lie if he was asked whether or not he slept in a particular bed. The bed may be stained from an emission and this could be embarrassing. "Hospitality" refers to a situation where one is asked whether a host was hospitable or not. If one is too effusive in his praise, especially in front of ne’er-do-wells, he may cause problems for his host. It is therefore better to lie and downplay how good his host was.
The fourth case (Babylonian Talmud, Nedarim 27b) describes where lies to thieves are permitted in order to protect oneself from financial harm.
One is permitted to make a vow to murderers, plunderers, and [corrupt] tax collectors that the produce they wish to seize is terumah [which is only permitted to be eaten by priests and therefore of little value; an alternative explanation is that even murderers and robbers would not violate the prohibition against using terumah], even if it is not terumah, or that the property they wish to seize belongs to the Royal House, even if it does not.
We have a situation where one is dealing with immoral people and the victim has no other recourse. It should be noted that the dishonest tax collector discussed in the Talmud is an individual who pays the ruler a fee for the right to collect taxes, and then imposes exorbitant and inequitable taxes (the Talmud refers to this as "taxes without a limit") on the public. In a similar vein, later in the same tractate, (Babylonian Talmud, Nedarim 62b), Rava relates that a Torah scholar is permitted to declare that he is a "servant of fire" in order to evade paying communal taxes ― the pagan priests of the fire-worshippers were exempt from taxes. The two justifications given by the commentaries are: (1) it is clear that the purpose of this declaration is to avoid a tax and not to suggest that one is renouncing his belief in God; (2) the term "servant of fire" could refer to God who is compared in the Torah (Deuteronomy 4:24) to a "consuming fire." Moreover, the Ran explains that this law applies to every Jew and is not limited to Torah scholars.
Thus, there are several circumstances where one is permitted or sometimes required to lie:
Lying to Preserve the Cause of Peace or in Order Not to Hurt Another Person’s Feelings
Aaron the High Priest, brother of Moses, was known in Talmudic and Midrashic literature as a lover of peace. The following passage indicates that one may use deception in order to bring peace between people who are quarreling (Babylonian Talmud, Avot D’Rabbi Nathan 12: 3; Babylonian Talmud, Perek Hashalom).
When two people had a dispute, Aaron [the High Priest] went and sat near one of them and said to him: "My son, see what your friend is doing? He is beating his heart and tearing his clothing saying: "Woe is me. How can I lift up my eyes and look at my friend. I am ashamed of myself since I was the one who offended him." Aaron would sit with him until he removed the hatred from his heart. Aaron would then go and sit next to the other and say to him: "My son, see what your friend is doing? He is beating his heart and tearing his clothing saying: "Woe is me. How can I lift up my eyes and look at my friend. I am ashamed of myself since I was the one who offended him." Aaron would sit with him until he removed the hatred from his heart.
When the two met, they would they hugged and kissed each other.
The above story about Aaron makes it quite apparent that Jewish law recognizes that lying to bring peace is a commandment. Indeed, Aaron is praised in the Talmud as the lover and pursuer of peace (Babylonian Talmud, Avot 1:12).
The Talmud and Midrash (Jerusalem Talmud, Sotah 1:4; Midrash Leviticus Rabbah 9:9) relate that a certain woman was wont to attend the lectures given by Rabbi Meir. One evening, the lecture ended late, and upon arriving home, the woman’s husband vowed to her that she would not be permitted to reenter his house until she spat in the face of the lecturer. Upon hearing of the woman’s dilemma, Rabbi Meir devised a ruse whereby he pretended to be afflicted by an eye ailment that necessitated someone spit in his eye. After she spat in his eye seven times, Rabbi Meir told her to return to her husband and tell him that she had bested his requirement by spitting in the lecturer’s eye seven times, not just once.
The patriarch Jacob dissembled when he pretended not to believe Joseph’s dream and even rebuked Joseph and said to him (Genesis 37:10): "What kind of dream is this that you have dreamt! Shall we come — I, your mother, and your brothers — to bow down to you on the ground?" Rashi notes that Jacob did this in order to "remove the jealousy from the heart of the brothers." It appears that Jacob was not entirely honest with Joseph’s brothers in order to preserve the peace. Unfortunately, the ruse did not help since the next verse notes: "His brothers envied him; while his father kept the matter in his mind."
Judah prevaricated when he said to the Viceroy of Egypt, who was actually Joseph, (Genesis 44:20): "and his brother [Joseph] is dead." Judah was the one who, 22 years earlier, convinced his brothers to sell Joseph as a slave. Rashi and other commentaries feel that Judah lied because he was afraid that he would be asked to produce Joseph if he had said that he was alive. However, a Midrash (quoted in Torah Shleimah, Genesis 44:20) notes that Judah lied in the interest of peace. We assume that this refers to the possibility that the truth would cause additional problems for the family, i.e., Benjamin would have to remain a slave until Joseph is produced.
The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Eruvin 53b) relates that Rabbi Yehoshua once stayed at a certain inn. The hostess served beans on the first and second day and he ate them. On the third day, she burned the beans and he did not eat them. When she asked him why he did not eat the beans, he politely told her that he had already eaten during the daytime. This story also demonstrates that in order to spare the feelings of another person, it is permissible to tell a falsehood.
There is evidence that even Heaven uses deception in order to protect the feelings of others. The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Berachos 28a) relates that when Rabbi Gamiliel was the Nasi [President of the Sanhedrin], a proclamation was issued that "any scholar whose inside is not as his outside" [i.e., of perfect character] may not enter the house of study. This proclamation was nullified when Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah became the Nasi; the Talmud notes that either 400 or 700 benches had to be added to the academy. Rabbi Gamliel felt bad about this and was afraid that he was responsible for withholding Torah from good students. He was subsequently shown in a dream white casks full of ashes, indicating that the new students were not worthwhile. The Talmud concludes that this was not the case and the students were actually of high caliber. Evidently, Heaven did this to spare Rabbi Gamliel’s feelings.
Fish (1981, pp. 62-63) cites numerous sources that state that one may lie in order to comfort another person. One proof he cites is from the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Nedarim 50a). There the story is told of how impoverished Rabbi Akiva and his wife, the daughter of the wealthy Kalba Sevuah, were. Kalba Sevuah disinherited his daughter when he heard that she was going to marry the poor, ignorant shepherd, Akiva. They were so impecunious that they had to sleep on straw. Elijah the Prophet disguised himself as a mortal and pretended to need straw for his wife who had given birth. Rashi and the Ran both note that Elijah did this in order to comfort them and make them realize there were people in the world in greater poverty.
Rabbi Meir’s two sons died on the Sabbath. Beruriah, wife of Rabbi Meir, lied to her husband when he asked where they were, and said the two boys were at the house of study. She waited until he made Havdalah, the prayer signaling the end of the Sabbath, and had to deceive a second time about his son’s whereabouts. After Rabbi Meir ate something she broke the news to him very gently by comparing their children’s lives to an object deposited with someone for safekeeping. The owner took back what belonged to him. She concluded by citing the verse (Job 1:21): "The Lord has given, the Lord has taken, May the name of the Lord be blessed (Midrash Yalkut Shimoni, Proverbs 31). Apparently, Beruriah did what was proper since the Midrash refers to her as "a capable wife" and relates this story in that regard.
The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 11a) enumerates several stories where someone prevaricated in order to prevent the humiliation of another person. For instance, once Rabbi Gamliel asked that seven scholars join him the following morning in the upper chamber for the purpose of intercalating the year [i.e., proclaiming a leap year]. The next morning, they noticed that there was an extra person there. Rabbi Gamliel asked: "Who is the one who came up without permission?" Jewish law mandates that the year may be intercalated only by a court whose members were specifically designated for that purpose the previous evening. Rabbi Shmuel Hakatan arose and declared: "It was I who came up without permission. My purpose was not to participate in the intercalation, but to learn how the law is applied in practice." The Talmud states that Rabbi Shmuel Hakatan was actually invited to join in the intercalation, but stated a falsehood in order not to cause embarrassment for the intruder.
Something similar happened when Rebbi was delivering a lecture and the strong odor of garlic caused a disturbance. Rebbi said: "Let the person who has eaten the garlic, please leave." Rabbi Chiya arose and left; then all the disciples arose and left. Again, it turned out that Rabbi Chiya had not eaten garlic, but left in order not to shame the true perpetrator.
The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 11a) relates another story in the same vein. To understand this story one must know how marriage worked in Talmudic times. In those days, the first stage of marriage known as erusin was followed a year later by the final stage known as nesuin. Erusin, could technically be done via cohabitation, but this method was strongly frowned upon. A woman appeared at the academy of Rabbi Meir and said that one of the students betrothed her [i.e., erusin] by cohabitation. Apparently, the woman did not remember which of the students betrothed her. The woman wanted the student to either complete the marriage [nesuin] or give her a divorce. Even though Rabbi Meir was not the guilty one, he gave her a bill of divorce and then all of the students gave her one as well.
Shechaniah also told an untruth in order not to embarrass others. Shechaniah told Ezra (Ezra 10:2): "We have trespassed against our God and have married foreign women of the peoples of the land." Shechaniah included himself in the sin of intermarrying with pagan women living in Judea. Actually, he had not committed the misdeed of intermarriage but included himself in order not to embarrass the others who had.
Fish (1981, p. 199) uses the famous story of how Rabbi Shimon ben Shetach (Jerusalem Talmud, Chagiga 2:2; Rashi, Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 44b) captured 80 sorceresses who lived in Ashkelon and brought them to trial as evidence that one may lie to eradicate evil. In the story, Rabbi Shimon had 80 of his students hide dry clothing in a jar. During a downpour, he went with them to the cave where the sorceresses lived and had the young men hide nearby. Rabbi Shimon entered the cave and told them that he was a sorcerer who had the power to make 80 young people magically appear in dry clothing, despite the strong rain. Arguably, eradicating evil is another way of bringing peace to the world.
Lying in A Situation Where Honesty Might Cause Oneself or Another Person Physical Harm
Abraham asked his wife Sarah to lie and say that she was his sister because he was traveling with her to ancient Egypt, a place known for its lack of morality (Genesis 12:10-13). Ramban believes that Abraham unintentionally committed a "great sin" and endangered his wife’s virtue because he should have had faith that God would save him and his family. After all, it was God who told Abraham to leave the land of his birthplace. However, even the Ramban would have to agree that, where one does not have the personal assurance of God, one should be permitted to lie. In fact, Abraham used the same ruse again when sojourning in Gerar (Genesis 20: 1-3). Isaac also used the same lie when traveling in lands where the morality of the inhabitants is questionable and claims that his wife Rebeccah is his sister (Genesis 26: 7).
According to the Midrash (Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 5), Abraham hid Sarah in a locked box when traveling to Egypt. When the Egyptian customs officials asked him what was in the box, he tried to convince them that it contained barley. When the officials did not believe him and said that it might contain wheat, Abraham offered to pay the tax on wheat. The officials then claimed that it might contain pepper, so Abraham offered to pay the tax on pepper. They then claimed that it might contain gold. Eventually, they opened the box and found Sarah. This Midrash also demonstrates that lying is permitted in order to protect someone from harm (Fish, p. 110).
The two midwives in Egypt, Shifra and Puah, undoubtedly did the right thing by lying to Pharaoh and thereby not take part in the attempt to murder newborns. There is no question that Jewish law obligates one to prevaricate in order to save one’s own life or the life of another person. Rahab the harlot prevaricated in order to save the life of the two Jewish spies sent by Joshua to Jericho (see Joshua 2). The Midrash (Pirka D’Rabeinu Hakodosh 15) notes that Rahab told a lie yet inherited life in this world and in the world to come. In fact, eight prophets descended from her (Babylonian Talmud, Megilla 14b).
The following involves a deception over a remedy (Babylonian Talmud, Avodah Zarah 28a) and deals with a considerably more complex ethical situation.
Rabbi Yochanan suffered from tzafdina [a dangerous disease of the gums or teeth] and went to a certain heathen lady who made a remedy for him to use on Thursday and Friday. He said to her: "What should I do tomorrow [the Sabbath]"? She replied: "You will not need the treatment." Rabbi Yochanan said: "But what if I do need it?" She replied: "Swear to me that you will not reveal the remedy to anyone." Rabbi Yochanan swore to her: "To the God of Israel I will not reveal it." She then disclosed the remedy to him and the next day he taught it in his public lecture.
The Talmud asks: But did he not swear to her not to reveal it? The Talmud answers: He swore that he would not reveal it to the God of Israel, but to His people, Israel, he would reveal it. The Talmud asks: But is this not a profanation of the name of God? [when a Jew commits a misdeed, especially something as serious as swearing falsely, it causes people to denigrate Judaism and the Torah]. The Talmud answers: That from the beginning he revealed to her that his oath was not binding [and that he wanted to help the public].
The above story is problematic since deception (geneivat da’at) is prohibited, even with an idolater. The loophole that Rabbi Yochanan employed does not take away from the fact that he deceived her. I believe the answer to this question is that to save a life, even one’s own life, one is permitted to lie. Tzafdina was a deadly disease and Rabbi Yochanan wanted to save the lives of many people who were afflicted with this malady. It is interesting to note that the above story is also told in the Jerusalem Talmud. There the Talmud has two opinions as to what happened to the heathen woman. One opinion was that she committed suicide. Another opinion was that she converted to Judaism presumably because she was impressed with Rabbi Yochanan’s decision to go public with the cure rather than trying to enrich himself by selling the remedy. Rabbi Akiva (Babylonian Talmud, Kallah Rabbathi 2) used Rabbi Yochanan’s approach to deceive a Jewish woman. He was trying to determine the status of her son who impudently uncovered his head in front of the sages.
In a converse situation, Shmuel (Babylonian Talmud, Shabbos 129a) deceived Ablat, a pagan because he did not want him to learn about the value of sunbathing at certain times of the year. Instead, he told Ablat that he was sunbathing because he had just been engaged in bloodletting. This story is used by Fish (1981, p. 82) to prove that one is permitted to deceive a wicked person and thereby not provide him with a medical remedy.
Jewish law generally allows one to commit a sin if one’s life is at stake. There are three serious transgressions, however, where a Jew is required to give up his life rather than violate Jewish law (yehareg v’al ya’avor): idolatry, illicit sexual relations with an ervah (e.g., adultery or incest between very close relatives), and murder (Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 74a; Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh Deah, 157a). Jewish law does not obligate one to give up his or her life for other transgressions. Thus, if a Jew is told to desecrate the Sabbath or be killed, s/he should desecrate the Sabbath. (It should be noted that one may be obligated to become a martyr for a "lesser" transgression if the individual is told to violate the law publicly or if it is a epoch of forced conversion.) Lying is not, however, one of the three "serious" transgressions for which a Jew is obligated to become a martyr. There is however one possible exception to this rule. Is a Jew permitted to lie and say he is not Jewish in order not to be killed? Rabbi Abin mentions (Jerusalem Talmud, Avodah Zarah, 2:1) that a Jewish woman may save her life in a time of danger by saying that she is not Jewish. The Rosh, however, explains this passage differently and states that a Jew is not permitted to state that s/he is not Jewish, even to save one’s life since this is tantamount to denying one’s religion. According to him, the above passage is talking about a Jewish woman dressing in a manner so that people believe that she is not Jewish in order to save herself. This would be permitted. The discussion by the commentaries over whether a Jew may lie and say he is not Jewish in order to save his life is very complex and beyond the scope of this paper.
Naaman the Aramean accepted monotheism after he was cured of his leprosy by the prophet Elisha (II Kings 5). He indicated, however, to Elisha that he would have to bow to the pagan deity, Rimon, when he accompanied his master to the House of Rimon since his master would lean on him while he prostrated himself. Elisha told him (II Kings 5: 19) to "go in peace" and, in effect, condoned the simulation of idol worshipping. Naaman was permitted to deceive his master rather than die for his beliefs since he had not converted to Judaism and thus only had the status of a Noachide who observes seven precepts (Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 74b-75a).
According to the Talmud, Jacob distorted the truth when his brother Esau offered to accompany him (Genesis 33:12-16). Jacob, realizing that it might not be wise to travel with Esau, who might still harbor resentment over what happened regarding Isaac’s blessing, told Esau (Genesis 33:14): "Let my lord go on ahead of his servant; while I will travel slowly at the pace of the work and at the pace of the children, until I come to my lord at Se’ir [Esau’s land]." Of course, Jacob never went to Se’ir. The Midrash (Midrash Genesis Rabbah 78:14, cited by Rashi) notes that Jacob will one day go to Se’ir – in Messianic times. The Midrash is trying to show that Jacob did not actually lie.
The Talmud, however, derives an interesting principle from the above story that does permit lying in a potentially dangerous situation. The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Avodah Zarah 25b) states that one should always "broaden the journey" when speaking to idolaters [or anyone who could be a possible highwayman]. When asked about a destination, one should reply that he is traveling to a town that is actually well beyond his actual destination. The reason: If the idolater has plans to rob him along the way, he may wait until the Jewish traveler is near the end of the trip and by then the Jew will have already arrived at his destination. In fact, the Talmud notes that this stratagem saved the students of Rabbi Akiva from some armed robbers.
When Rabbi Eliezer was arrested by the authorities on suspicion of being a heretic, he saved himself by using a white lie involving some double talk (Babylonian Talmud, Avodah Zarah 16b-17a). The governor asked him: "How can a wise man such as you occupy himself with such nonsense?" Rabbi Eliezer replied: "I acknowledge the Judge as being right." The "Judge" Rabbi Eliezer referred to was God, not the judge who was interrogating him. The ruse worked and the governor said to him: "Because you have acknowledged me as being right, by his [the idol that the governor worshipped] mercy I am acquitting you."
There is another type of deception that is permitted where one’s life may be in danger. Rabbi Shimon ben Pazi states (Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 41b) that "It is permitted to flatter wicked people in this world." He derives it from a verse in Isaiah (32:5) that refers to the Hereafter: "The vile person shall no longer be called generous, nor shall a deceitful person be said to be noble." Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish agrees but derives this ruling from a statement made by Jacob to Esau (Genesis 33: 10): "for therefore I have seen your face, which is as though I had seen the face of a Divine being." This appears to contradict numerous negative statements about flattering evildoers such as "Every individual in whom there is flattery will fall into Hell," and "Whoever flatters the wicked [some texts have "his fellow human"] will eventually fall into his hand." (Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 41b). Tosafos explains this apparent contradiction by asserting that it is permitted to flatter the wicked in a dangerous, life-threatening situation. He provides proof for his view by citing a story involving Ulla who traveled with two people from Chozae to Israel (Babylonian Talmud, Nedarim 22a). One of his fellow travelers slaughtered the other and asked Ulla: "Did I do well?" Ulla replied in the affirmative and felt guilty but was later assured by Rabbi Yochanan in Israel that what he did was permitted since he said it to save his life.
The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 29b) avers that "a person is accustomed not to make himself appear sated with wealth." This Talmudic principle is used to explain the reason that if an individual claims to owe another party money, we do not necessarily consider this as a true admission; this is why the "creditors" must furnish additional proof. Many people do not wish to arouse the envy of others so they pretend to be debtors.
Lying for the Sake Of Modesty or in Order Not to Appear Arrogant
There is an interesting story in the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Kethubos 77b) that supports the principle that one may utter a falsehood for the sake of modesty. When Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi passed on to the next world, he was asked by Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai whether or not a rainbow ever appeared during his lifetime. A certain type of rainbow is a sign that the world actually deserves to be destroyed but is not because of God’s promise to Noah after the Great Flood (see Genesis 11:12). Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi responded in the affirmative. Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai replied: "Then you are not the son of Levi" since the merit of one true saint is sufficient to protect the entire world. The Talmud concludes, however, that the rainbow did not appear during Yehoshua ben Levi’s lifetime. The reason he did not tell the truth was that "he did not want to boast about himself."
Another story in the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Taanis 23b) about Abba Chilkiyah also demonstrates that one may lie because of humility. The rabbis sent scholars to Abba Chikiyah during a drought to ask him to pray for rain. While the scholars were waiting for Abba to finish his meal, he surreptitiously went to the roof with his wife and prayed for rain. Clouds immediately appeared and it began to rain. He went back to the scholars and asked them why they had come, knowing very well the reason. Abba tried to convince the scholars that the rain came on its own accord, and not because of his (and his spouse’s) prayer. The scholars, however, knew what had caused the rain to come.
Judaism also commands the converse of the above insofar as one is obligated to ensure that he does not benefit from others’ misconception about his status or scholarship. The Talmud (Jerusalem Talmud, Maakot 2:6) states that if one is being honored by the public as a scholar who is proficient in two tractates but only knows one, he is obligated to disabuse the misconception and explicitly state "I am only knowledgeable in one tractate, and no more." Similarly, the Talmud earlier discusses the case of the scholar who is exiled to the city of refuge owing to his unintentional murder of another person. Should the people of the city wish to honor him, the scholar is duty-bound to proclaim that he is in town because he has taken a life.
Lying for the Sake of Decency
Rava said: At first I used to say that there is no truth in the world [i.e., that no person speaks the truth all the time]. Whereupon one of the Rabbis said to me, and Rabbi Tavus was his name, and some say Rabbi Tavyome was his name, that even if he would be given all the wealth in the world, he would not tell a lie. He related the following story: Once, I came to a certain town called Kushta [this name means truth in Aramaic] whose inhabitants would never tell a lie and no person ever died before his time.
He married a woman from among them and had two sons from her. One day his wife was sitting and washing her hair when a neighbor came and knocked on the door. Thinking to himself that it was not proper [to tell the neighbor that his wife was washing her hair], he said to the neighbor, "she is not here." His two sons died [as a punishment for his lying]. The people of the town came to him and asked, "What is the cause of this?" He related to them what had happened. They said to him: "We beg you to leave our town and do not incite death against us."
Rabbi Yaakov Emden explains why Rabbi Tavus was punished if one is permitted to lie for the sake of decency. In this case, Rabbi Tavus could have simply told the truth to the neighbor who would have understood and left; the white lie was totally unnecessary (Hagahos Yaakov Emden). Not all commentaries take the above story literally (e.g., Maharal).
Jacob’s Deception of His Father
One of the more difficult cases of dishonesty to explain is Jacob’s deception of his blind father, Isaac (Genesis 27). Was Jacob permitted to deceive his father and pretend to be Esau? Some commentaries take the approach that Jacob did not actually lie. When asked by his father who he was (Genesis 27: 18), he replied: "I am Esau your firstborn." Rashi and other commentators try to show that this was not really a falsehood. They say that Jacob responded as follows: "I am [the one who is bringing you the savory meats]; [whereas] Esau is your firstborn." Ibn Ezra does not accept this interpretation and points out that other prophets had to resort to deceptions. This difference of opinion also affects the explanation of a later verse (Genesis 27:35), when Isaac tells Esau: "your brother came with mirmah and took your blessing. Rashi interprets mirmah as wisdom; Ibn Ezra apparently translates it in the usual way, "deceit," because his comment on the word is that Jacob did not tell the truth. One important law that can be derived from the above is that if one does find himself or herself in a situation where they must lie, the correct way to do this is to use words that may have another meaning, vague statements, or through the use of half-truths (Chofetz Chaim, Hilchos Issurei Rechilus 1:8; Sefer Chassidim 642). This is somewhat similar to the "mental reservation" loophole discussed by Bok (1999, pp. 35-36). A mental reservation works as follows: "If you say something misleading to another and merely add a qualification to it in your mind so as to make it true, you cannot be responsible for the ‘misinterpretation’ made by the listener."
Nechama Liebowitz (1985, pp. 322-323) asserts that even the sages who take the side of Jacob "detect the workings of strict justice which is no respecter of persons, in what had befallen Jacob." She cites the following Midrash Tanchuma that describes what happened after Laban switches Leah for Rachel. Laban promised Jacob the hand of his beloved Rachel after seven years of labor.
All that night Leah pretended to be Rachel. When Jacob arose in the morning and saw that it was Leah, he said to her: "Daughter of the deceiver! Why did you deceive me? Leah said to him: And you, why did you deceive your father? When he said to you: "Are you my son Esau?" You replied (Genesis 27:19): "I am your son Esau." Yet you say to me, "why did I deceive you?" Did not your father say about you (Genesis 27:35): "Your brother came with guile."
It should be noted that the expression that Jacob uses when speaking to Laban after he switched Leah for Rachel is (Genesis 29:25): What is this that you have done to me? Was it not for Rachel that I served you? Why have you deceived [rimitony] me? The word used by Jacob is very similar to the word used to describe what Jacob had done to Esau. In fact, other commentators note that the words used in this passage "deceit," "younger," and "elder/firstborn" serve the purpose of reminding the reader of the similarity of the two situations, except that it is now Jacob who is being deceived by a substitution. Jacob is deceived several more times in his life. Laban switches his compensation several times (Genesis 31:7) and his children deceive him into believing that his beloved Joseph was dead. Whether Jacob was justified or not in deceiving his father, his entire life is turned upside down by deception.
Frimer (1973) uses a Midrash (Yalkut Shimoni, Genesis 29:12, Section 124; Midrash Genesis Rabbah 70:13) to make an interesting observation about dissembling. The Midrash, cited by Rashi, is on the following verse (Genesis 29:12): "And Jacob told Rachel that he was her father’s brother [i.e., relative] and that he was Rebeccah’s son; then she ran and told this to her father." There is an obvious redundancy in this verse, hence the Midrash: "If he comes to cheat, I am his brother in deceit; If he is an honorable man, then I am the son of Rebeccah [i.e., a man of integrity]." The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Baba Bathra 123a; Megilla 13b) has a slightly different explanation: Yaakov declares to Rachel that "I am his brother [match] in deceit." Rachel suspected that her father would try to deceive Jacob and try to make a substitution. The Talmud asks whether the righteous may indeed engage in deceit? The Talmud answers with the following verse (II Samuel 22:27): "with an honest person, act honestly; and with a corrupt person act perversely." Although this verse speaks of God, the Talmud is homiletically interpreting this verse to teach us that one may use guile when dealing with a cheat.
Frimer (1973) notes that Jacob tried his best to deal with Laban as honestly as possible (see Genesis 31:6-7). Moreover, Laban had a reputation for engaging in fraud. His reputation was so renowned that even his own daughter warned Jacob that her father was a cheat. Frimer therefore requires the following five conditions before allowing the honest person to "act perversely":
(1) The antagonist’s record of general conduct is negative.
(2) There is adequate motivation and testimony to justify one’s anticipated concern in the immediate and specific condition.
(3) The intended victim is acting only in self-defense and after the attack has been initiated.
(4) There appears to be no alternative to one’s present course of action. Other options have been tried or are judged not to be viable.
(5) That which is at stake has tremendous seriousness to the intended victim involving a high investment of one’s person or property.
Lying to Protect One’s Property From Scoundrels
Frimer (1973) proves his position that deception is permitted when the above five conditions are met by citing the following case (Shulchan Aruch, Choshen Mishpat 335:5 based on Babylonian Talmud, Baba Metzia 75b):
When does this principle [that workers may quit their job] apply? Where the loss is irreparable [davar ha’avud]. If the loss is irreparable, for example, if one hires laborers to remove his flax from the steeping water or hires a donkey-driver to bring flutists for the dead or for a bride, or something similar, then neither a laborer not a contractor may quit his job unless there has been an emergency such as sickness or if he heard that there has been a death in the family.
The Shulchan Aruch states that if the worker, however, does attempt to quit when the loss is irreparable, and a replacement worker cannot be found, then the employer has a right to deceive the employee. This deception involves promising the laborer a much higher wage to continue working and then only paying the wage originally agreed upon after the work is completed. This is a case where the employer has much at stake (spoiled flax or a ruined wedding) and has no alternative (no replacement workers); therefore Jewish law allows one to be dishonest.
Fish (1981, pp.66) maintains that Rabbis Elyashiv, Fisher and Kanievsky were of the opinion that one may write "glass" on a package in order to ensure that it is handled properly, even if it does not contain glass. As proof, Rabbi Kanievsky cites the Talmudic view (Babylonian Talmud, Yebamos 115b) that people would sometimes write "terumah" (consecrated to the priests) on a jar that did not contain unconsecrated produce as a means of protecting it, i.e., to ensure that people would not take it.
Daat Zekenim M’Baalei Tosafot (Genesis 25: 34) quotes Rabbi Yehuda HeChasid and states that one is permitted to deceive a wicked person who has a Torah scroll or another item used for a mitzvah. This principle is derived from Jacob who "tricked" Esau into selling his birthright to him (Genesis 25) for some lentils. According to the Daat Zekenim, Esau was abusing the birthright even before Jacob purchased it from him.
Dratch (1988) claims that even when prevaricating is permissible, habitual lying will still be forbidden. He uses the following Talmudic passage to support his position (Babylonian Talmud, Yebamos 63a):
Rav was constantly tormented by his wife. When he asked her to prepare him some lentils, she would prepare peas. When he asked for peas, she would prepare lentils. When Chiya, Rav’s son, grew up, he would reverse his father’s request. Once, Rav said to Chiya: "Your mother has improved." Rabbi Chiya replied: "It is I who reversed your requests to her." Rav remarked to Chiya: "This is what people say, ‘Your own offspring teaches you reason.’" However, you should not continue to do so, for it says (Jeremiah 9:4): "They have taught their tongues to speak lies."
It is interesting to note that Rabbi Zera (Babylonian Talmud, Sukkot 46b) uses the same verse from Jeremiah (9:4) to make the point that one should not promise to a child that he will give him something and then not give it to him, because this will teach the child to lie.
Deceptions in Business
Lest one think that Jewish law is very flexible about lying for financial gain, the following is just a small sample of what one has to be concerned with. The Talmud has special rules about geneivat da’at (literally, theft of one’s mind, thoughts, wisdom, or knowledge), i.e., fooling someone and thereby causing him or her to have a mistaken assumption, belief, and/or impression. The sages believed that there are seven types of thieves and, of these, the most egregious is the one who "steals the minds" of people (Tosefta Bava Kama 7:3). "Shmuel asserts (Babylonian Talmud, Chullin 94a-b): It is forbidden to steal the mind of anyone, even idolaters."
Geneivat da’at includes situations that result in someone getting undeserved goodwill (Babylonian Talmud, Chullin 94a), something considerably weaker than an outright lie. Thus, a person should not urge his friend to dine with him knowing that he will refuse. One should not offer gifts to another person knowing that the latter will not accept them. In a business setting, this would include misleading customers into thinking that the quality of the item they purchased is much better than it really is or making people believe they are getting a special deal when they are not. For additional information, see Friedman (2002).
Other kinds of deceptions that are prohibited include "deceiving the eye" by placing the better quality items in a bin on top in order to make it appear that the merchandise is of uniformly high quality throughout; soaking meat in water to make it appear fatter; and painting animals or utensils so that a buyer will think they are younger or newer (Babylonian Talmud, Baba Metzia 60a-b).
It is obvious that there are few situations where dissembling would be permitted in a business setting as a way of increasing one’s profits. Rabbi Yonah (Shaarei Teshuvah 3: 178-186) describes nine types of liars and states explicitly that the businessperson who cheats others out of money is the worst of all. Another category of liar (third worst) is one whose prevarications cause someone to lose out on a future benefit or profit. For instance, making someone believe that a business deal is a bad idea when it really has excellent profit potential.
One situation that occurs quite frequently in business is where one party agrees to sell a product at a certain price. When the buyer shows up with the money, the seller changes his mind and asks for a higher price. Sometimes this occurs because market conditions have changed, i.e., prices have gone up or down. There is an argument in the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Baba Metzia 49a) as to whether a verbal commitment alone (i.e., no money has changed hands) to engage in a transaction obligates one from an ethical point of view to go through with the deal. Rav states that the individual who changes his mind is "not lacking in honesty." Rabbi Yochanan disagrees and says that the individual is "lacking in honesty." It is not clear whether this passage refers to a situation where market prices have changed.
The Shulchan Aruch (Choshen Mishpat 204:7) states that an individual who has made a verbal commitment, even if no money has changed hands, should stand by his word. People who retract after making a verbal commitment are "lacking in trustworthiness" and "the spirit of the sages is not pleased with him." There is a disagreement among the commentaries as to whether a person who changes his mind because the market price has changed is considered "lacking in trustworthiness." Several (e.g., Rosh, Tur) believe that a change in the market price is a legitimate reason for retracting and does not cause one to be considered as "lacking in honesty." The Remah (204:11) remarks that individuals who make verbal commitments to buy or sell ─ even if no kinyan (act of acquisition when title actually transfers) has taken place ─ should abide by their word; the "spirit of the sages is not pleased" with those who retract. If, however, the market price has changed, the individual who changes his mind about the deal is not considered "lacking in honesty."
The Aruch Hashulchan (Choshen Mishpat 204:8) asserts that if the market price has changed, and the seller therefore changes his mind about the selling price, he is not considered "lacking in honesty." It is, however, considered "the way of the pious" not to retract from a verbal agreement even if the market price has changed.
In Jewish law, title does not change hands until a kinyan (an act of acquisition) has been made by the acquirer. One example of a kinyan for a moveable object is meshichah, the act of pulling the object towards oneself. Suppose one party purchases an object from another party, money has changed hands, but there has been no kinyan. There is a public curse that may be proclaimed by the aggrieved party. The curse is as follows: "The One who punished the people of the generation of the Flood, the people of the generation of the Dispersion, the people of Sodom and Gomorrah, and the Egyptians in the sea, He will punish the person who does not stand by his word" (Babylonian Talmud, Baba Metzia 48a).
The Talmud lauds Rabbi Safra for his exemplary behavior in business and claims the verse (Psalms 15:2) "speaks truth in his heart" refers to individuals such as he. The Talmud (Maakot 24a, see commentary of Rashi) relates that one day, while Rabbi Safra was in the midst of prayer, a man offered to buy some merchandise from him. He made an offer, but Rabbi Safra was praying and could not respond. The prospective buyer mistakenly thought that Rabbi Safra was holding out for more, and kept increasing his bid. When Rabbi Safra finished his prayer, he told the buyer that he would sell the item at the original price because he had "agreed in his heart" to this price and his silence was misconstrued. Legally, of course, making up one's mind does not constitute a binding agreement but demonstrates an unusually high level of ethical behavior.
Rabbi Yehuda HeChasid (Sefer Chassidim, 311) states that merchants are prohibited from misleading customers by falsely claiming that another party wishes to pay so much for the item or by stating how much that they paid for the merchandise when it is not true. Regarding these type of deceptions the verse (Zephaniah 3:13) avers: "The remnant of Israel shall do no wrong, and not speak falsehood, and a deceitful tongue shall not be found in their mouths."
Rabbi Yehuda HeChasid (Sefer Chassidim, 395) tells a story of a businessman who wanted to know how to gain the World-to-Come (i.e., Paradise) if he had no time for studying Torah, except for the Sabbath. He was told by a rabbi to conduct his business as follows: giving something extra to the buyer when weighing out the merchandise, being honest in business with Jew and Gentile, doing business with a friendly disposition, not losing one’s temper, not being overly trusting (by lending money without witnesses one may tempt others to steal), and paying one’s debts on time. "If you heed the above principles," the rabbi stated, "then I wish that my share in the World-to- Come would be equivalent to yours."
Fish (1981, pp. 79-80) discusses the question as to whether one may lie in order to get back money that was stolen from him. He uses the following story from the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Yuma 83b) to prove that it is permissible. Before the Sabbath, Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Yosi asked their host, Kidor, to hold their money for safekeeping. When the Sabbath ended, they asked Kidor to return their money; he denied ever having been given anything. Subsequently, they saw him outside with lentils on his moustache. They surmised that he had eaten lentils. They went to his house and told his wife that her husband requested that she return their money and as a sign that they were telling the truth, he told them to tell her that he had eaten lentils for his meal.
Other Situations Involving Lying
The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Kallah Rabbathi, 2) relates that Rabbi Tarfon was wealthy but did not give as much to charity as he was capable. Rabbi Akiva offered to purchase some cities for him and he was given four thousand gold dinarim. Rabbi Akiva took the money and distributed it to poor people. When Rabbi Tarfon asked where the cities were, Rabbi Akiva took him to the house of study and brought a schoolchild who read the verse from Psalms (112:9 ) "he [the righteous person] distributed widely to the impoverished." Some use this story to prove that deception may be permitted in some situations involving charity collection to help the impoverished (Fish, pp. 54-55).
Fish (1981. p. 197) cites several sources that indicate that one should lie to an individual who is very ill when the truth could demoralize the person and possibly hasten his death. Thus, one should not tell a sick person that his friend has died, if he asks how the person is doing, especially if the individual passed away from the same illness.
The Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Shabbos 116a-b) relates a story of how Imma Shalom and her brother Rabbi Gamliel pretended to be involved in a dispute in order to expose a heretical judge. The judge had an undeserved reputation for honesty and they went to him to settle their "dispute" over the division of their deceased father’s estate. The judge ended up taking bribes from both of them. Apparently, they felt that the situation called for lying, in order to expose the corrupt judge.
In an example of the sages’ concern for potentially conveying an appearance of falsehood, the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud Sanhedrin 30a) rules that when a judicial verdict is handed down via majority (not unanimously), the decision is proclaimed "through the words of the Court, so and so was found not liable." This is the opinion of Rabbi Elazar and is the halacha. Rabbi Yochanan’s opinion was that the verdict is written simply as "not liable" since Rabbi Yochanan was concerned with the problem of gossip mongering (prohibited by the Torah – see Leviticus 19:16). Revealing how the individual judges voted is tantamount to gossip mongering. After all, little good can come from the losing party knowing which judges voted against him. Resh Lakish disagrees with Rabbi Yochanan and says the wording must indicate which judge voted to acquit and which judge found the defendant liable; otherwise, the verdict will appear to be untrue. The view of Rabbi Elazar protects the truth and, at the same time, does not violate the prohibition against gossip mongering.
There is a problematic story in the Talmud (Babylonian Talmud, Berachos 43b) that suggests that Rabbi Pappa fabricated a legal statement in order to avoid embarrassment. The Talmud first discusses the dispute between the Schools of Shammai and Hillel as to which blessing is made first when one is given oil and myrtle at the end of a meal (fragrant oil was used to clean off the food odors and the myrtle was smelled for its pleasant scent). The School of Shammai states that the blessing is first made over the oil and then over the myrtle; the School of Hillel disagrees and says that the benediction over the myrtle is made first. Rabbi Gamliel said that he would "decide" the issue and favors the opinion of the School of Shammai (since oil has two uses whereas the myrtle only has one). Rabbi Yochanan (in a later generation) asserted: "the law is in accordance with the decider."
Rabbi Pappa was at the house of Rabbi Huna ben Ika and they brought oil and myrtle before him and he made the blessing on the myrtle before the oil. Rabbi Huna was surprised and asked: "Does not the master hold that "the law was in accordance with the decider." The Talmud then states that Rabbi Pappa was ashamed of having done something wrong so he told a falsehood and claimed that Rava had stated that the law is agreement with the School of Hillel, a statement that Rava had never made. This story presents many difficulties. However, according to Tosafos and Rif there is an error in the text and they delete the phrase that says Rabbi Pappa made up the statement of Rava. Those who delete the phrase obviously believe that lying about a legal matter in order to avoid embarrassment is not allowed. This is clearly true. An alternative explanation, however, of the above story is that Rabbi Pappa did not agree with the view of Rabbi Yochanan and rather than stating that he did not agree and that the law is in accordance with the School of Hillel, he attributed the statement to his teacher, Rava (see Rama MiPano). According to this view, if one is absolutely sure of a law, one, because of modesty, may attribute it to someone else.
This paper demonstrates that Jewish law does not take an absolutist approach to prevaricating and, indeed, will obligate the individual to lie in various circumstances, for instance, lying to save a life or to bring peace. This, by no means, makes light of the seriousness of lying. The Talmud is replete with statements that stress the importance of truth-telling and remarks that "the seal of God is emeth [truth]" (Babylonian Talmud, Shabbat 55a); "God hates one who speaks one thing with his mouth and another thing in his heart" (Babylonian Talmud, Pesachim 113b); "Whoever breaks his word is regarded as though he has worshipped idols" (Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 92a); and "liars will not receive the Divine Presence (Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 42a)." The extreme importance of honesty is appropriately summed up by the Talmudic belief that the first question a person is asked in the hereafter at the final judgment is (Babylonian Talmud, Shabbat 31a): "Have you been honest in your dealings?" Despite all this, the Talmud recognizes that there are situations where one may be untruthful.
ReferencesAquinas, Thomas (1947), The Summa Theologica, Benziger Bros. Edition, Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province, <http://www.ccel.org/a/aquinas/summa/home.html>, (February 2003). Augustine (2002), De Mendacio, New Advent, <http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/1312.htm>, (February 2003). Bok, Sisella (1999), Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life, New York: Vintage Books. Catholic Encyclopedia (2002), "Lying," New Advent, <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09469a.htm> (2003, February). Dratch, Mark (1988), "Nothing but the Truth," Judaism, Vol. 37 (2), Spring. Also on the Web at: <http://www.agudathsholom.org/wrmd-nothingbutthetruth.htm>. Fish, Yaakov (1981), Titen Emes L’Yaakov, Jerusalem: Self-Published. Friedman, Hershey (2002), "Geneivat Da’at: The Prohibition Against Deception in Today’s World," Jewish Law, <http://www.jlaw.com/Articles/geneivatdaat.html>, (March 2003). Frimer, Norman (1973), "A Midrash on Morality or When is a Lie Permissible," Tradition, Vol. 13, Spring-Summer, pp. 23-34. Geary, James (2000), "Deceitful Minds: The Awful Truth About Lying," Time Europe, Vol. 155 (10), 56-61. Grotius, Hugo (1925), On the Law of War and Peace, translated by F. Kelsey, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill. Liebowitz, Nehama (1985), Studies in Shemot, translated by Aryeh Newman, Jerusalem: World Zionist Organization. Nyberg, David (1993), The Varnished Truth: Truth Telling & Deceiving in Ordinary Life, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Sidgwick, Henry (1966), The Methods of Ethics, New York: Dover Publications [Originally published in 1907]. Walsh, John (2001), "So, How Many Lies Have You Told Today?" The Independent--London, January 17. Yabrov, Nochum (2000), Niv Sefasayim, Jerusalem: Self-Published.
Posted to Jlaw.com July 30, 2003 | <urn:uuid:ab67e1b2-762a-41de-82c1-09e3c4de76c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.jlaw.com/Articles/hf_LyingPermissible.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974478 | 15,873 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Cave Microbiology Lab
Our research interests include cave microbiology and drug discovery, white-nose syndrome in bats, antibiotic resistance, and microbiology education. Our research has primarily centered on microbial diversity, microbial secondary metabolites production, and searching for potential natural products and bioactive compounds. Research questions that our laboratory is addressing have focused on whether new drugs with the different mode of actions and with new scaffolds can be found in rare/less-intensive-studied microorganisms living in extreme habitats (i.e., in caves)? Besides drug discovery aspect of our research, other research questions include cave bacterial diversity, adaptation, relationship, and evolution. In the long run, we would like to be able to connect the dots in cave microbial study, how the microorganisms survive in such hypogenic and dark environments for years and what traits they need to have to thrive in such habitats. How about the relationships amongst other species in the same habitats? And can we use all the information gathered to answer its evolutionary patterns? Recently, our lab has been working on developing probiotics to help prevent bats from white-nose syndrome.
Recent Research Grants
2020 -2021 With Drs. Carol Rees (Lead PI), Michelle Harrison and partnering with the School District #73, we have been successfully awarded with the 2020-2021 Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) Partnership Engage Grants Covid-19 Special Initiative 1C Research project entitled “Supporting curiosity-driven inquiry-based science education online through a community-of-inquiry partnership: rethinking pedagogical approaches during the Covid-19 pandemic”
- Chadabhorn Insuk#, Adrian Forsythe, Pornkanok Pongpamorn, Atsuko Matsumoto, Satoshi Ōmura and Wasu Pathom-aree*, Naowarat Cheeptham*, Jianping Xu*, (2021) Taxonomic and metabolite diversities of Moss-Associated Actinobacteria from Thailand. Metabolites. 12(1). https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/12/1/22
- Judson Wynne*, Francis G. Howarth, Stefano Mammola, Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira, Pedro Cardoso, Tiziana Di Lorenzo, Diana M. P. Galassi, Rodrigo A. Medellin, Bruce W. Miller, David Sánchez-Fernández, Maria Elina Bichuette, Jayant Biswas, Chaichat Boonyanusith, Paulo Alexandre Vieira Borges, Penelope J. Boston, Naowarat Cheeptham, Louis Deharveng, David Eme, Danté Fenolio, Cene Fišer, Žiga Fišer, Samuel Gon, Forough Goudarzi, Christian Griebler, Stuart Halse, Hannelore Hoch, Aron D. Katz, Ľubomír Kováč, Thomas M. Lilley, Shirish Manchi, Raoul Manenti, Alejandro Martínez, Wilber E. Martinez, Melissa B. Meierhofer, Ana Z. Miller, Oana Teodora Moldovan, Matthew L. Niemiller, Tanja Pipan, Thais Giovannini Pellegrini, Charity M. Phillips-Lander, Celso Poo, Paul A. Racey, Isabel Amorim de Rosário, Alberto Sendra, William A. Shear, Marconi Souza Silva, Mingyi Tian, Stefano Taiti, Michael P. Venarsky, Sebastián Yancovic Pakarati, Maja Zagmajster, and Yahui Zhao (2021) A Roadmap for the Conservation of the Subterranean Biome. Conservation Letters. https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.12834 | <urn:uuid:a0682d69-4372-427d-91e9-c0af8632a3e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ncheeptham.sites.tru.ca/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.78629 | 834 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Heat Stress: Five Cool Tips to Reduce Heat Stress in Dairy Cows
Protection against heat stress starts now
Summer is just around the corner and with it, heat stress. Did you know that according to the Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research in 2019, heat stress costs the US dairy industry approximately $1.5 billion…per year? Higher temperatures can affect your herd, and in turn, can hurt performance, production, and profit.
With afternoon humidity of 60-70%, cows will start to see mild effects of heat stress at temperatures of 75-77° Fahrenheit – that’s a temperature humidity index (THI) of 74. Mild heat stress occurs at a THI of 68, moderate at THI of 72, severe at THI of 80, and a THI of 90 is a dangerous level. Thankfully, there are several steps you can take to combat the hot summer months. Alleviating heat stress is critical, and now is the time to prepare.
Here are five cool tips to reduce heat stress in your dairy herd.
Keep Water Troughs Filled, Fresh, and Clean
What is the main nutrient used to make milk? Water! And cows need lots of it when temperatures rise. On average, a cow can consume 30 gallons of water on a normal day. When you factor in high humidity, that number can double. Make sure to increase water availability for your herd. Cows will not be as willing to walk longer distances in warmer weather. They must have constant access to cool, clean water in a location that is shaded or close to shade. A good rule of thumb is that cattle will need three-to-four inches of linear water space per head during the summer. Keep in mind, water should be positioned away from the milking parlor and available near the lounging area. By keeping water troughs cool and clean, your cows will have a better chance of beating the heat.
Provide Proper Shade
Providing proper shade can decrease a cow’s body temperature. Natural shade, such as trees, is excellent. However, cows will often gather around treed areas, and this congregation could cause mud holes. Over the years trees will die. If trees aren’t available, constructing a portable shade cloth or some sort of lightweight roofing material, will work as an alternative. Another good idea is to provide shade over the feeding area, as this will lead to increased feed intake.
Allow Access to Feed Frequently
It is quite common for feed intake to decrease during hotter months. When cows eat less this can lead to decreased milk production. To keep their appetites up, make sure they have constant access to fresh feed. Feeding more frequently during cooler parts of the day keeps feed fresh, flavorful, and can increase intake. A tasty tip is to incorporate a covered feed structure that offers shade for cows, so they are more comfortable while eating. Food for thought!
Install Misters and Appropriate Airflow
Cows have very little ability to sweat and cool themselves. Allowing access to misters, sprinklers, and fans can help. Look to see where the cows are congregating – this would be a great spot to install misters and sprinklers. To avoid water saturating the udder, don’t leave misters or sprinklers on for too long. Place your sprinklers on a timer to help avoid issues. Always remember to make sure misters are clean, and continuously provide proper airflow with fans. Air flow and constant water are critical to help your cows stay cool.
Provide a Proper Feed Additive
Higher temperatures can negatively affect milk production and milk fat yield, due in large part to heat stress-induced pH decrease in the rumen and leaky gut. Although it is vital to provide proper heat abatement strategies like we’ve listed, there are also feeding strategies that may assist in reducing lost performance. By providing a suitable additive, such as NutriTek® by Diamond V®, you could help promote gut health, immune strength, and overall wellness. Incorporating this feed 30 days before heat stress begins is imperative. This allows for the time needed to optimize the cow’s rumen. Healthy cows perform better, and a healthy gut can help cows cope with the heat. Ultimately, this can result in greater profitability on the farm.
A comfortable cow is important throughout the year but is a bigger challenge in the summer months. By providing proper shade, water, misters, air flow, and feed, you can help your herd stay healthy, happy, and productive. We hope you enjoyed these five cool tips. | <urn:uuid:3ab64139-52e2-4e1a-aeb5-45b01871310d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://diamondv.com/five-cool-tips-to-reduce-heat-stress-in-dairy-cows/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.941983 | 951 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Often in dialogue with non-believers, they will appeal to some sort of one-liner or meme to render their unbelief a more plausible stance than the existence of an omnipotent God. However, just as often as they submit these memes, they turn out to be specious, which is to say that they appear to be true, but are actually false. So the same with what we call the omnipotent paradox, which essentially attempts to pit God against himself in asking, Can God create a rock so heavy that he cannot lift it?
On the face of it, this question seems to strike many people as very challenging, because whether we answer yes, or no, it seems to lead the conclusion that God is not omnipotent. If he is powerful enough to create a rock too heavy for himself to lift, it would follow that there is possibly a rock that is too heavy for him to lift, and therefore he would not be omnipotent. But if we say that God is incapable of creating a rock that is too heavy to lift, it would follow that God cannot create something, and therefore is also not omnipotent.
While some may struggle with this question, I have never found it very problematic because it sounds more like word game than anything. It is like asking what would happen if God were in a fist fight with himself, who would win? What if God were trying to beat his own record? These are, at their core, stupid questions, and I feel almost as though I should not dignify them with a response. However there are a good number of perfectly intelligent people who are fooled by this sort of deceiving pseudo-logic, and therefore I think it is profitable to address this question.
In response to the question, Can God Create A Rock So Heavy That He Cannot Lift It? I will examine both possible answers, yes, and no.
Can God Create A Rock So Heavy That He Cannot Lift It? Yes
The entire question hinges upon our understanding of what omnipotence means. Most laymen understand omnipotence to mean that God can do literally anything, including that which is logically absurd. God could create a square circle, have a fist fight with himself, and indeed, even create a rock too heavy for himself to lift. So God creates a rock too heavy for himself to lift.
But if God can do anything, even that which is logically absurd, he would create the rock… and then, he would lift it. We have removed the constraints of logic by saying that God is not limited by them, so there is nothing to hold him back from lifting a rock that is too heavy for himself to lift.
In this case, this argument actually applies a bit of a double standard. When God is creating the rock, there are no logical limitations, but when he is lifting the rock, there is a logical limitation, and this is basically the fallacy in this argument, for it presupposes that in both cases there should be no logical limitations. Alas in removing the logical limitations from God, we remove also the grounds for saying that he could not lift a rock that is too heavy for himself to lift.
Can God Create A Rock So Heavy That He Cannot Lift It? No
Many philosophers, such as Aquinas and Maimonides, held the view that the above version of omnipotence is completely absurd, for it is not possible that an impossible state of affairs could occur. So the idea that God is omnipotent, to them, and many others, is to say that God can do anything that is logically possible. But God cannot create a square circle, have a fist fight with himself, or create a rock that is too heavy for himself to lift.
Indeed, there is no paradox here, because it does not presuppose that God can do literally anything, including that which is absurd. A paradox would be an inconsistency in that which follows necessarily from being omnipotent. But if being omnipotent is limited to doing that which is logically possible, it follows that God’s inability to bring about an impossible state of affairs is perfectly consistent with the idea of omnipotence.
This is not to say that logic is some sort of force that transcends God that he is a slave to. But rather it is to say that logical consistency is founded in the person of God himself.
What Does The Bible Say About Omnipotence?
God’s omnipotence is relayed quite often in the scriptures, however I would argue that the Bible adheres to the second definition of omnipotence, namely that God can do anything that is logically possible. So the Father cannot create a rock that is too heavy for himself to lift, nor would we expect him to be able to. This is perfectly consistent with God’s abilities so portrayed throughout the Bible.
While God is said to be Almighty, there are also certain events and actions which seem to suggest that he operates within the confines of his own logical nature. God does not violate the free will of men, despite that he wants all men to come into himself, he does not force them to, for it is logically impossible to bring men into a loving relationship with himself, freely, and by force.
But we could also say that the Bible is at least consistent with the first view of omnipotence as well, that God can do absolutely anything, including that which is logically impossible. For if God can do absolutely anything, then there is no logical absurdity in him allowing men to come into himself freely, even if he does not have to. Remember, in removing the laws of logic, we also remove our ability to hold God’s omnipotence against himself.
Therefore while I think it is more plausible that God is omnipotent in the sense that he can do anything that is logically possible, both definitions are perfectly consistent with Christian theology. | <urn:uuid:fe80fde0-868b-432b-b385-208e39ab321d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thereforegodexists.com/can-god-create-a-rock-so-heavy-that-he-cannot-lift-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.98123 | 1,195 | 1.734375 | 2 |
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Switchs and routers are the anchor for informations communicating. Switches set up impermanent connexions between input and end product ports for informations communications and end the impermanent links after informations transmittal. Without impermanent connexions user ‘s nodes must hold to be straight connected to the finish links, which is non a scalable attack.
Switch overing nodes, exchange informations over impermanent line and web links carry multiple informations traffic at the same clip to different finish. A excess way is
available if the operational way is failed, more than one way can be used for transmittal.
There are many switches architectures, some of them are scalable design whereas others are non so good scalable. Different architecture has different functionality. Here we discuss merely approximately three functional countries of different switches, i.e. Input port waiting line, end product port waiting line and interconnectedness web waiting line switches.
Input port waiting line is the country which receives informations units from the input line, Output Port waiting line is that country which delivers informations units to an end product line, where as Interconnection web is the functional country which provides full Connectivity between Input and Output ports.
There are many exchanging architectures in different switches, depending on their velocity, scalability, cloth and Quality of Service. Here, we will merely specify some of the most common switch architectures ; these are ( a ) Output-Queued Switches, ( B ) Input-Queued Switches and ( degree Celsius ) Combined Input-Output-Queued Switches. These are explained here.
In end product waiting line switches, buffering taking topographic point in the end product ports, where geting packages are instantly forwarded.
OQ switch architecture is non suited for big web because it uses the algorithm “First -In-and-First-Out ( FIFO ) ” , intending that the N figure of packages can be read and written during one package transmittal rhythm [ 1 ] .
OQ switches are ideal for public presentation but they are non good scalable. Shared memory is the largely implemented in OQ switch. Common memory is accessible by all input and end product ports at the same clip. The bandwidth is a job because it ‘s really limited, to better bandwidth ”bit slicing” is used through which informations units are stored in separate memory countries. These memory countries can be set up on different french friess. Separate queuing for each end product is used, so that the flows of packages.
For all end products will besides be kept separate and can non interfere each other. By scheduling clip that a package is transfer to the issue line, a router or switch can manage the package ‘s latency and provide quality of service ( QoS ) warrants.
To farther enhance exchanging capacity, disconnected common memory into N separate buffers, so that each corresponds to one of the end products. This overcomes the demand of the figure of memory entrees per timeslot, take downing them from 2N to N+1. [ 1 ]
But end product queuing ( OQ ) is impracticable for switches with big figure of ports or with high line rates. As it is classical exchanging architecture [ 6 ] and do n’t run into the demands of up to day of the month shift demands
In IQ switches, the end product contention for cells is wholly resolved before transportation of cells through cloth to the end product ports. Due to common end product ports, multiple cells arrive at the input ports and construct waiting lines for the end product ports. To avoid caput of line ( HOL ) blocking, cells are directed to different practical end product waiting lines ( VOQ ) depending on their end product [ 8 ] .
To replace the memory in the interconnectedness web, normally a crossbar is implemented. The crossbar arbitration algorithm is used to fix the matching matrix and reassign informations units from input ports to the end product ports. In order to set up connectivity through the centre phase, the crossbar supreme authority is used which exchanges the running information with the end product and input ports to finalise the matching matrix. Another way used to command the flow of informations between input and end product ports, is either time-shared of to the full dedicated to this session. Additional input is provided to the arbitration procedure by the information stored in the control memory of the crossbar.
Performance of Input Queue Switches with crossbar and centralized arbitration has been discussed and proposed that 100 % throughput can be achieved with the usage of maximal weight fiting algorithm provided no acceleration. But maximal weight matching is non possible with no acceleration, nevertheless, 100 % throughput can be achieved with usage of maximal weight fiting algorithm supplying a acceleration of 2 [ 10 ] .
The processing ‘P ‘ and memory ‘M ‘ both consequences in Arbiter complexness ‘A ‘ which is expressed in bit/sec. The Arbiter processing complexness ‘P ‘ shows the mean sum of information it gets and transportations to the input and end product ports. It depends on the undermentioned factors.
The design and complexness of the memory ‘M ‘ depends on the sum of information stored for support of arbitration procedure. Typically the more is the supportive information for arbitration the more is the complex design of memory.
Switchs utilizing crossbar with centralised arbitration are good known for being really compact and switching efficiency. However, at big usage of this architecture has some scalability restrictions.
Load-balanced Birkhoff-von Neumann switches [ 12 ] attempt to minimise the arbitration procedure and finally the memory complexness. In this attack a crossbar is proposed to be placed between the input ports and the line cards shown in the undermentioned Figure.
The crossbar is used to distribute all the traffic uniformly on the input ports. Another crossbar is used to route that traffic to the desired end product ports. With this attack the memory accountant of the crossbar is less complicated, no best-effort algorithm is required to acquire maximal throughput which besides makes the processing simple.
Although it has improved the scalability issue but some extra issues originate with this attack such as difficult QoS warrants depend on the traffic constituents. Output ports may have cells in upset sequence which required another mechanism to reorder them consequently. Similarly multicasting besides requires some extra support.
To get the better of the restrictions of the centralised arbitration is to administer the crossbar by utilizing Concurrent Dispatching Algorithm ( CDA ) [ 9 ] . In this attack the arbitration undertaking is distributed over multiple crossbars which cut down the control minutess between the cloth and the input ports
The cloth end product does non hold to take which practical end product waiting line ( VOQ ) should be treated at each input port but the algorithm leaves that first determination to the ports. The map of the cloth end product is merely to cover with the contending petitions. Concurrent despatching algorithm provides spacial acceleration over the coincident crossbars, which does n’t impact the single scalability of the fabric constituents [ 11 ] . Another characteristic of CDA is that fabric channels require QoS which has a direct impact on the choice of VOQ at the input line cards. During the reaching of extremely bursty traffic, there is a chance that CDA will lose some throughput even if it implements more flexible strategy used in precomputed sequence of fiting matrices [ 7 ] , but the distribution of multiple crossbars has made the CDA execution really simple.
One manner to decrease HOL blocking is to raise the acceleration of switch. Speedup is the relation between the buffers velocity and lines velocity. A switch holding acceleration of ‘S ‘ can present up to S packages to each end product and up to S packages can be removed from each input with in a clip unit, where a clip unit is the clip between package entries at input ports. Therefore, an IQ switch has speedup of 1 while an OQ switch has speedup of N. Packet values between 1 and N for the value of S need to be buffered at the end products after exchanging and at the inputs before exchanging. This architecture is known as combined input and end product queued ( CIOQ ) switch.
Simulation and analytical surveies of a CIOQ switch which maintain a individual FIFO at each input have been constructed for assorted acceleration values [ 3 ] [ 4 ] . A decision from these surveies is that S=4 or 5, 99 % throughput can be achieved with independent reachings which are identically spread out at each input and these dispersed ups of package finishs is unvarying across end products.
But, it is known that 100 % of throughput can be achieved with acceleration of 1, if input waiting lines are arranged otherwise, HOL blocking can be wholly eliminated by utilizing a strategy “virtual end product queuing” , in which every input maintains a separate waiting line for every end product. It has besides been shown that throughput of an IQ switch can be increased to 100 % for independent reachings [ 5 ] . We may pull a decision that, to extinguish the consequence of HOL barricading acceleration is non necessary.
In this paper we have reviewed the common switch architecture with mention to the most common shift techniques, output-queued switches, input-queued switches and combined-input-output queued switches.
In the first case, we have pointed out the architecture of output-queued switches. We looked at the workings and sweetenings of output-queuing and how the bandwidth job associated with this peculiar shift technique, is solved by “Bit slicing” and “splitting the common memory” .
With the execution of multiple crossbars and the proviso of high acceleration, the public presentation and QoS can be improved.
At the terminal it is mentioned that HOL blocking is solved by Combined Input-Output Queuing Switch.
Output Queue Switch and Conclusion by Muhammad Younas, Input Queue Switch and debut by Jehan Badshah and drumhead and combine Input end product Queue switch by Muhammad kamran.
[ cubic decimeter ] F.MChiussi, A. Francini “Scalable Electronic Packet Switches” , IEEE diary ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 21, NO. 4, MAY 2003.
[ 2 ] M. J. Karol, M. G. Hluchyj, S. P. Morgan, “Input versus end product line uping on a space-division package switch” , IEEE Trans. Comm ( pp.1347-1356 ) .
[ 3 ] I. Iliadis and W.E. Denzel, “Performance of package switches with input and end product queueing, ” in Proc. ICC ‘90, Atlanta, GA, Apr. 1990. P.747-53.
[ 4 ] A.L. Gupta and N.D. Georganas, “Analysis of a package switch with input and end product buffers and velocity restraints, ” in Proc. InfoCom ‘91, Bal Harbour, FL, Apr. 1991, p.694-700.
[ 5 ] N. McKeown ; V. Anantharam ; J. Walrand, “Achieving 100 % Throughput in an input-queued switch, ” Infocom ‘96 ‘ .
[ 6 ] W. Bux, E. Denzel, T. Engbersen A. Herkersdorf, and P. Luijten “Technologies and Building Blocks for Fast Packet Forwarding” IBM Research
[ 7 ] C. S. Chang, W. J. Chen, and H, Y. Huang, “Birkhoff-von Neumann input-buffered crossbar switches, ” in proc. IEEE INFOCOM 200, Tel Aviv, Israel, Mar. 2000, pp. 1614-1623
[ 8 ] F. M. Chiussi, A. Francini ; Member IEEE, “Scalable Electronic Packet Switches” , IEEE diary on selected countries in communications, Vol. 21 No. 4 MAY 2003. [ Online Access ]
[ 9 ] F. M. Chiussi, J. G. Kneuer, and V. P. Kumar, “Low-cost scalable exchanging solutions for broadband networking: the
ATLANTA architecture and chipset, ” IEEE Commun. Mag. , vol. 35, pp. 44-53, 1997.
[ 10 ] J.G Dai and B. Prabhakar, “The throughput of informations switches with and without speedup” in Proc. IEEEINFOCOM Trans. Networking, Vol. 1, pp.397-413, Aug. 1993.
[ 11 ] A. Hung, G. kesidis, and N. Mckeown, “ATM input-buffered switches with the guaranteed-rate belongings, ” in Proc. IEEE ISCC, Athens, Greece, June 1998, pp. 331-335.
[ 12 ] I. Keslassy and N. McKeown, “Maintaining package order in two-stage switches, ” in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2002, New York, June 2002, pp. 10320-1041.
👋 Hi! I’m your smart assistant Amy!
Don’t know where to start? Type your requirements and I’ll connect you to an academic expert within 3 minutes.get help with your assignment | <urn:uuid:cd4626cb-c4e1-4482-8261-b17ec8230c28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studymoose.com/scalable-switch-and-router-architecture-computer-science-new-essay | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.899897 | 2,837 | 2.84375 | 3 |
The Antarctic is one of the fastest warming regions on the planet. As a result, some penguin species are not adapting to the warming conditions as well as others. This video resource explains how Adèlie Penguins are at risk.
Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)
LS2: Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics
MS-LS2-1 Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem.
MS-LS2-4 Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations.
HS-LS2-6 Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the complex interactions in ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, but changing conditions may result in a new ecosystem.
LS4: Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity
HS-LS4-4 Construct an explanation based on evidence for how natural selection leads to adaptation of populations.
HS-LS4-5 Evaluate the evidence supporting claims that changes in environmental conditions may result in: (1) increases in the number of individuals of some species, (2) the emergence of new species over time, and (3) the extinction of other species. | <urn:uuid:483a417c-047f-4145-837d-378fbedf063b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://subjecttoclimate.org/resource/adelie-penguins | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.858408 | 264 | 3.53125 | 4 |
The Yiddish Book Center's
Wexler Oral History Project
A growing collection of in-depth interviews with people of all ages and backgrounds, whose stories about the legacy and changing nature of Yiddish language and culture offer a rich and complex chronicle of Jewish identity.
A New Generation of Yiddish Theater in Israel
Anabella, Yiddish actress, explains how fifty years ago, it was said that Israeli Yiddish theater was only full of older actors. Anabella now sees new generations of young Israelis entering the Yiddish theater scene all the time.
This is an excerpt from an oral history with Anabella.
This excerpt is in Yiddish.
Anabella was born in Czernowitz. Anabella died in 2019.
This interview is part of the Yiddish and the Arts: musicians, actors, and artists series.
Other video highlights from this oral history
Accidental Yiddish in the Streets: Memories of Growing Up Jewish in Bucharest
1 min 9 sec
Slide 2 of 4 | <urn:uuid:eb3b4b1f-008b-4218-9fa3-391bca3005b2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yiddishbookcenter.org/collections/oral-histories/excerpts/woh-ex-0003764/new-generation-yiddish-theater-israel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.906483 | 221 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Here we give you the answer.
Copper has antimicrobial properties that make it useful in hospitals for door knobs and other surfaces that transmit infections quickly.
Copper is too sturdy to become useful and more useful when making alloys with other metals such as tin or zinc to create bronze or brass. Copper is a very reasonably priced metal and has worked in jewelry since antiquity.
It is the heavier metal compared to silver and gold so that you can make pure copper jewelry. When mixed with tin it becomes brass and when mixed with zinc copper becomes bronze.
Copper is a soft and malleable material to make jewelry and being a metal from the earth has healing and metaphysical properties. Within the metaphysical properties, copper is related to the planet Venus, so it has been used to bring love and is believed to amplify psychic communication.
As part of its healing properties, copper jewelry is used to relieve pain caused by arthritis and to drive energy, allow proper glandular functioning and improve blood circulation.
- Its presence is necessary to facilitate the pigmentation of the skin and the hair.
- Participates in the synthesis of hemoglobin.
- Your presence prevents excessive clotting of blood.
- It is necessary for the formation and maintenance of bones.
- It is necessary for the correct functioning of the thyroid.
- It has to do with cancer prevention and treatment.
Copper deficiency can lead to disorders:
- Alteration of the nervous system.
- Alteration in the pigmentation of the skin and hair.
- Cholesterol alterations.
- Fluid retention.
- Disruption of red blood cell levels.
- Greater difficulty in healing.
- Bone diseases and demineralization.
- Poor growth.
- The Propensity for infections.
Copper is highly sought after for its orange shades, and with oxidation, it turns green. However, it can be polished to maintain its natural color. Here are the steps to follow to clean your copper jewelry, as well as some tips to care for the pieces.
Tips for cleaning your copper jewelry
- Use a cloth to clean copper jewelry.
- Clean copper parts, which is not lacquered, with a commercial jewelry cleaner. You can also cut a lemon in half and add a pinch of salt on the end where you made the cut, then rub the lemon on the jewel.
NOTE: It is important to check if your jewelry is pure copper, take it to a professional jeweler to verify its authenticity.
Finally, we give you some simple tips to take care of your copper jewelry:
- Avoid wetting your copper jewelry or doing any other type of work that could scratch or hit them.
- In any case, you have an old copper jewel, avoid polishing them because you could devalue the piece.
- Lemon juice is known as the best cleanser. However, you can also use grapefruit juice and vinegar to clean copper pieces.
- Because the skin produces natural oils copper can be discolored, so we advise you to use clear nail polish to cover areas that are in contact with the skin.
- When the copper part has stones, make sure that no acidic substance comes in contact with them.
- Clean jewelry with a polishing cloth after use.
- When cleaning jewels with any substance, make sure that when you store them completely dry.
- Do not use your copper jewelry in a pool, as these may contain chemicals that could damage the parts. | <urn:uuid:b28b86ab-84d8-4aee-8cba-42e6c2b2f932> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thecopperdesign.net/blog-news-articles/good-to-wear-copper-jewelry/?v=7516fd43adaa | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.93159 | 718 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Robotic companion pets bring comfort to Wiregrass seniors
DALEVILLE, Ala. (WTVY) - Cats and dogs are bringing comfort to area seniors, but they aren’t your typical animals.
SARCOA has partnered with Wiregrass Senior Centers to bring them “comfort companions.”
They’re robotic, battery powered pets.
The companions respond to motion, touch, and sound, making them life-like.
Bringing comfort and joy to seniors with dementia or Alzheimer’s is their job.
The Daleville Senior Center received two companion pets last month and says the impact for one client, has been incredible.
“It’s really been a calming affect for Mr. William,” explains Laura Leger, Director of the Daleville Senior Center. “He tends to get a little nervous whenever it gets a little exciting around here, so having the dog with him has really kind of maintained his temperament.”
If you’re interested in learning more about robotic companion pets for someone with dementia or Alzheimer’s, call 1-800-AGELINE.
Copyright 2022 WTVY. All rights reserved.
Subscribe to our News 4 newsletter and receive the latest local news and weather straight to your email every morning. Get instant notifications on top stories from News 4 by downloading our mobile apps. | <urn:uuid:f41f9570-faf1-4e20-98b9-bb61ba11fb86> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wtvy.com/2022/06/29/robotic-companion-pets-bring-comfort-wiregrass-seniors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.922115 | 285 | 1.578125 | 2 |
A Society – A community or group of people having common traditions, institutions, and interests. Group of persons with a common interest, belief, or purpose. The basic purpose of society is to be part of a collective movement and move forward, together. Being a part of society is about taking everyone along; it is about taking unanimous decisions for the achievement of a common goal.
“We The People” of these United States of America are being denied their very own Freedoms everyday through factual events while growing worse than the day before and spiraling out of control.
This country was founded on Freedom; but with Freedom comes responsibility. Freedom does not mean that you can do whatever to whomever you want and demand your personal ideas or beliefs adopted in the rule of law while infringing on others’ Freedoms.
Basic principles, values, accountability and preferences are needed to live together within a society. No. Not suggesting that people be denied their right to live. Everyone has that “God” or a “Higher Being” given right; as long as you do not infringe on others principles, values and preferences for living their lives.
We have become a land in which bad behavior is applauded and good behavior is frowned upon.
331,449,281 people? How can we accommodate as a society of 331,449,281 people that may (all or some) have a difference of their choice of living, opinions, preferences then invoke their choice of living, opinions, preferences on everyone else that may have a difference of option about how they feel about anyone’s opinion that a person may have? Everyone can not be accommodated. How would we have the ability to live with one another?
This is Impossible! How did we get here?
Entitlement? Loss of common sense? Selfishness?
Not everything has to be publicly and socially accepted. Did we forget what the word privacy means? Behind closed doors? In the privacy of your own home?
Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves, and thereby express themselves selectively.
a society, chat, ideology, myths, radical agendas, social media | <urn:uuid:8b1a957f-8541-4f1f-999b-6ca2bfb41ef8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wethepeopleforthepeople.us/a-society/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.953409 | 451 | 2.765625 | 3 |
This guide is a how-to for streaming using a 3rd party software such as OBS, and many of these instructions may also be applied to other software.
The instructions provided herein are based around a DDJ-1000, and may be different for other DDJ units. Please check the DDJ section of the Knowledge Base for additional tutorials. This guide is for using the DDJ-1000 with rekordbox and no external inputs. If you wish to capture a turntable or CDJ input to the DDJ-1000, please use this guide instead.
Due to Apple dropping 32bit application support in Catalina, and certain previously documented applications not being updated with 64bit support, this guide was updated to recommend newer software options which will work with all OS's.
Step 1 - Update
Ensure that you are running the latest version of rekordbox, that your drivers and firmware are up-to-date, and that your broadcast software is current as well.
Step 2 - Download the Necessary Software
There is just one extra tool necessary for us Mac users:
You can also use other similar applications such as Sound Siphon or Loopback, but those are both paid apps and BlackHole works, and is free, so why not?
Install it and that's it - there is no application icon, it will appear only within the Audio Devices.
Step 3 - Configure Master Output
Open Applications > Utilities > Audio MIDI Setup - if the Audio Devices window is not visible, click Window > Show Audio Devices.
Right-click on the BlackHole 16ch item and select Use This Device For Sound Output:
You'll see a little speaker icon appear beside the BlackHole 16ch device.
Quit Audio MIDI Setup.
Step 4 - Configure rekordbox Audio
Connect your DDJ-1000 and power it on. If you see NO AUDIO DRIVER appear on the jog displays, launch the DDJ-1000 Driver Version Display Utility then quit it; you'll now see Pioneer DJ and rekordbox in the displays.
Launch rekordbox, open Preferences > Audio and verify that the DDJ-1000 is set as the Audio device. Tick the box below it to enable the PC MASTER OUT function, and the Master Output should now show DDJ-1000 + Blackhole 16ch:
Close the rekordbox preferences window.
Step 5 - Configure OBS for Audio
Download and install OBS if you haven't already, then launch it.
Click the + button at the bottom of the Sources window to add a new Audio Input Capture source:
You can keep the defaults, click OK.
Select Blackhole 16ch from the Device drop-down.
With audio playing on a deck in rekordbox, you will now see activity on the meters in the Audio Mixer section of OBS:
You may notice the levels are a bit low, and don't change when you adjust the Master level knob on the DDJ-1000 - this is normal! The recording output is taken pre-master so it's not affected by the master volume knob. I recommend adjusting the channel Trim knobs so the DDJ-1000 channel meters are peaking around the first orange LED. Them there are two options for boosting the signal; first is within rekordbox by going to Preferences > Controller > Mixer > Headroom and adjusting the value from the default to NONE, but I like to keep this at -6dB or -9dB and use the second method. Click the gear icon below the Audio Input Capture in the Audio Mixer of OBS (pictured above), and click Advanced Audio Properties.
Adjust the Volume to 6.0dB (or as needed to get the single track peak levels just dipping into the red):
If you want to also have the audio come out of your computer's speakers, change Audio Monitoring to Monitor and Output. This is only necessary if you don't have speakers connected to your DDJ-1000 already; the device for this is set in the preferences below.
Next, open Settings to configure a few things...
If you want to record the stream from within OBS, click General at the left and tick the box beside Automatically record when streaming in the Output box.
Click Stream at the left to select your output stream destination from the Service dropdown, then click the Stream Key (Link) linked text to open the corresponding website's streaming info page:
Go through their setup process or other instructions and copy/paste your key into the field above.
Click Output at the left and check that the Output Mode is set to Advanced:
If you want to go to a higher quality stream, uncheck the Enforce streaming service encoder settings box, otherwise, skip this and the next part. Click the Audio tab and adjust the Audio Bitrate:
How high you go depends on the quality of your internet connection and the capacity for the server you're streaming to.
Finally, click Audio at the left - change the Monitoring Device if desired (per above).
If you're only streaming audio, you can skip ahead to Step 7.
Step 6 - Configure OBS for Video
If you want to stream a capture of your screen or video input (or both) you can add these as well.
Click the + button at the bottom of the Sources window to add a new Display Capture source:
You can keep the defaults and click OK.If you have multiple displays, select the output display you want to use.
Please note, as an alternative to Display Capture, you may try using the Window Capture function. Whether this works depends on the graphics chipset(s) you have in your Mac. If you find the Window Capture freezes OBS or does not show your waveforms within rekordbox, then use the Display Capture.
If you are showing the rekordbox output, as opposed to a video input source, you should match your input size. Open Settings > Video and change the Base (Canvas) size to match the resolution of your display.
The Output (Scaled) size should typically be 720 or 1080 to keep a down-sampled resolution that is friendly for your broadcast.
You can also (optionally) add a webcam or other video input and configure it here. If you require further instruction on this, try Google.
Step 7 - Broadcast
Click Start Streaming and that's pretty much it! Start playing some tunes, and if you've enabled your webcam - smile!
Step 8 - Tweak
You should test and monitor the workload and buffer on your computer as you perform - chances are the CPU usage won't be the issue, but the audio buffer may still run out. As you increase the buffer, the latency (delay between action and audio output) will increase, but the likelihood of audio dropouts or crackling will decrease. Your computer's age will typically mean larger buffer sizes are required, but there are tricks you can do to reduce background application usage and improve the overall performance of your Mac.
This guide was made using the following software versions:
- macOS Catalina v10.15.4
- rekordbox v5.8.5
- Blackhole v0.2.6
- OBS Studio v24.0.6
While efforts will be made to keep up with any changes to this process to ensure others can use it after software update have been released, we can't guarantee the accuracy or relevance of this information, nor the performance of any 3rd party software applications. | <urn:uuid:7832fa0a-d6c7-41f5-9186-8eb8e9c3a7ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forums.pioneerdj.com/hc/en-us/articles/360019934592 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.880622 | 1,588 | 1.53125 | 2 |
6. Who Is In Heaven? – (John 3:13)
Who Is In Heaven?
“For Christ…., now to appear in the presence of God for us:
“And no man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man which is in heaven.”
How we understand this passage actually depends on how we determine who is doing the speaking in verse 13. These are either the words of Christ or the words of John, who is the actual writer and narrator telling the story.
“No man has ascended up to heaven but He (Jesus)…”
(But is verse 13 actually the words of Christ?)
Because of the sentence structure and punctuation marks, most of us are led to believe that Jesus was speaking from verses 10-21, in this 3rd chapter of John. If this were the case:
Then according to Jesus, no man (John 3:13) (or no human) has ever entered into heaven…. “except” – let’s just analyze this small portion of writing first and the exception.
There are several important facts to take away from this passage John 3:13.
1. Jesus is clearly and specifically speaking about humans only (“no man”); identifying which humans, if any, have or have not entered into heaven itself.
2. If we say this was Jesus speaking, Jesus is specifically proclaiming to be the ONLY man (the only human/the son of man), who has ever “ascended up” to heaven.
3. Although many are tempted to make an incorrect assertion, notably, this same passage does not (nor does any other scripture passage) reflect Jesus as proclaiming himself to be God: “but he, the “son of man” (the son of a human).
Note 1. We know from scripture that fleshly humans did not (nor could they) literally exist in heaven prior to being a created being here on earth. If Jesus had existed in heaven prior to Bethlehem he certainly did not exist as the fleshly human son of David or Mary prior to his parents being created or birthed themselves. Jesus did not have a fleshly human father or mother who contributed to his birth up in heaven such that would make him a son of man (only in the thought/mind of God).
We know this because:
(1 Corinthians 15:50) “Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; neither doth corruption inherit incorruption“.
Note 2. In this passage, the reference to “who came down from heaven” is arguably a matter of interpretation. It is better argued and supported that this is in reference to the fact the Jesus came from God (from heaven), that means we can substitute this phrase and replace it with “from God.” There are many scriptures that will prove this but I will provide just a few.
(Mat 21:25, Mark 1:11, 8:11, 11:30, Luke 3:22, 21:11, 22:43, John 3:37, etc….)
(John 3:34-36) “For he whom God hath sent (out into the world) speaketh the words of God: for God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto him (Jesus). 35 The Father loveth the Son, and hath given all things into his hand. 36 He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him.”
* (There is a clear distinction between God (the one that gave) and God’s Son (the one who received)).
Note 3. The reference to “the Son of Man who is in heaven” is also another example where there is variation in some of the “original manuscripts;” some contain this section as worded in bold italic underlined others do not.(Remember, we have known variations that exist in some of the original manuscripts discovered. Therefore, we must always be mindful that not every translation will necessarily be the same nor does it mean the translation used is the correct one!) Although some argue that this indicates Jesus was actually God, unfortunately, Jesus is speaking here and he is not proclaiming himself to be God but rather he is professing himself to be “a man” (the Son of Man who is in heaven).
(John 3:13 (NIV)) “No one has ever gone into heaven except the one who came from heaven—the Son of Man.” (Some manuscripts Man, who is in heaven)
Enoch, Elijah, and Abraham
By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and was not found, because God had translated him (Hebrews 11:5). It should be noted that the Scriptures do not record the specific place to which Enoch was taken–only that he was taken.
And it came to pass, as they still went on, and talked, that, behold, there appeared a chariot of fire, and horses of fire, and parted them both asunder, and Elijah went up by a whirlwind into heaven. (2 Kings 2:11)
The word heaven, however, is used to refer to different things, namely the sky, the domain of the stars, and the dwelling place of God. It, therefore, goes to reason that Elijah was somehow carried up (arose) into the sky by an act of God, but there is nothing that would indicate he went to the Heavenly dwelling place of God.
There are those who believe the dead (Saints) are alive. – But this belief is contrary to scripture (1Thes 4:13-14; 1Cor 15:51-57). WHY WOULD JESUS CHRIST COME BACK TO RAISE THE DEAD IF THEY ARE ALREADY UP??!! The Bible tells us that we will be caught up TOGETHER!!!! (1Thes 4:16-17)
(Job 14:12) “So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.“
Notice the word till in that verse. This means the dead will not, or cannot awaken until the “last day,” as Martha calls it when she is speaking of Lazarus (John 11:23-24).
(Acts 2:29,34) “Men and brethren, let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David, that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulchre is with us unto this day. For David is not ascended into the heavens:…”
Keep in mind this verse is penned “AFTER” the death and resurrection and ascension of our Lord Jesus Christ. Many preach that everyone that was in the graves is in Heaven after the resurrection of Christ because they think He brought them all out of (Hell) when He was dead. Yet, this verse proves that they are indeed in error. Peter made it plain that the passage they were questioning (which was Psalm 16:10) in regards to the Lord not allowing His soul to stay in hell or His body to rot. The passage was indeed speaking of Jesus Christ ascending to Heaven, not David. For it is also explained in this same chapter of Acts.
(Acts 2:30-32) “Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne; He seeing this before spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, neither his flesh did see corruption. This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses.”
(1Corinthians 15:20-23) “But now is Christ risen from the dead, [and] become the firstfruits of them that slept. For since by man [came] death, by man [came] also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. But every man in his own order: Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ’s at his coming.
According to this verse, the dead in Christ will remain in their graves awaiting the order of resurrection. Jesus is the “firstfruits of them that slept“, then those that are believers in Jesus will “be made alive.” According to the Bible, they will have to be made alive in the order that the Lord set up. Jesus, the “firstfruits” and then those that are His followers, “at His coming.”
It is not until Jesus MAKES us immortal on that last day will we be able to “get out” of the grave on that day.
What about the thief on the cross? (Ref: Luke 23:43 – The Thief On The Cross)
“No man has ascended up to heaven but He (Jesus)…”
(What if verse 13 were the words of John?)
There is another line of thinking debated among some scholars. So I think it is worth mentioning.
This belief is based on the understanding that John 3:13 is not indicating that Jesus was on earth and in heaven at the same time, but rather that Jesus did not speak the words recorded in John 3:13.
It is the belief that:
Jesus stops speaking in verse 12 and the narrative starts with verse 13. The Companion Bible by Bullinger has notes that make a good case for the fact that Jesus’ speaking ends at verse 12 and John, the narrator, begins with verse 13. In fact, Bullinger lists seven different reasons for Jesus’ talking ending at verse thirteen.
Bullinger’s seven reasons are:
1. Because the past tense of the Greek verbs that follow verse twelve indicate completed events.
2. Because the expression “only begotten Son” is not used by the Lord of himself, but is used by John describing the Lord (John 1:14, 18, 3:16, 18; 1 John 4:9).
3. Because “in the name of” (John 3:18, using the Greek word en) is not used by the Lord, but by John (John 1:12; 2:23; 1 John 5:13).
4. Because to “do the truth” occurs elsewhere only in 1 John 1:6.
5. Because “who is in heaven” (v. 13) points to the fact that the Lord had already ascended at the time John wrote.
6. Because the word “lifted up” refers both to the sufferings (John 3:14; 8:28; 12:32, 34) and to “the glory which should follow” (John 8:28; 12:32; Acts 2:33; 5:31).
7. Because the break at verse 13 accords best with the context, as shown by the structure of the section.
Strong and straightforward evidence that Jesus is not speaking after verse 12 comes from just reading the verses in the Greek (and sometimes even the English) and paying attention to the verbs and the content of the verses. For example, verse 13 is very clear: “No one has ascended into heaven…except the Son of Man.” The verb “ascended” is in the past tense in both Greek and English, and shows us that Jesus had already ascended to heaven when this verse was written. This is confirmed by the last phrase of the verse, which says that Jesus “is” in heaven. The phrase, “which is in heaven,” has all the evidence of being original, and should appear in English Bibles as it does in the King James Version.
The verbs in John 3:14 continue letting us know that Jesus had already ascended to heaven, and was not on earth talking to Nicodemus. Verse 14 says that “just as” Moses “lifted up” the serpent (aorist tense in Greek), even so, the Son of Man “was lifted up” (also aorist tense). The tense of the verb “lifted up” is the same for both the serpent of Moses and the Son of Man. Thus, the natural reading of the text is that both the serpent and the Son of Man were lifted up in the past. Of course, because the orthodox teaching is that John 3:14 occurred long before the crucifixion and ascension of Christ, the natural reading of the Greek text is ignored, and the past tense reading of the last verb is made to read in English as if it was future, so most English versions read that the Son of Man “will be” lifted up. As in verse 13, the natural reading of the verbs show that Jesus had already been crucified; “lifted up.”
The verbs in verse 16 continue to show that Jesus’ death is in the past and that Jesus was not talking to Nicodemus but rather that verse 16 is the narrative of John (at this point many commentators agree, including the translators of the 2011 NIV, whose red letters stop with verse 15). The text clearly says that God “loved” the world and “gave” His Son. These things were already done, not future events. The serpent being “lifted up,” Christ’s being “lifted up,” that God “loved” the world, and that God “gave” His Son—all of these verbs in the aorist tense, and all references to past events. This is why even the English versions say God “gave” His Son instead of “will give” him.
*This Page Is Under Construction. We Will Be Back Soon. Thanks | <urn:uuid:99eee4d3-ace3-4ccd-ad80-16ede39215f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theonenessofgod.org/hrf_faq/6-who-is-in-heaven-john-313/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.965345 | 2,984 | 1.75 | 2 |
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February 16, 2014
This a very dangerous passage of the Scripture, used in all manner of perverse ways over the centuries either to ensure obedience to some self-determined authority or to insist that following certain laws and avoiding others inevitably leads to riches and prosperity or to doom and destruction. Both views are in no way the implications of these words, however often "prosperity preachers" or "demolition-laden proclaimers" have tried to say so. The reason for this, as is often the case, is the historical setting of the words.
Though the book of Deuteronomy is a literary collection, purporting to be a series of sermons from the great law giver, Moses, to the people of Israel just before their entrance into the long-expected Land of Promise, it is in reality a book that offers a look back on a primarily failed Israel, one that in fact did not follow the commandments of its God and thus is about to suffer the consequences of that disobedience. Hence, rather than an announcement of an inevitable cause and effect—if you do well, you will be well—it states that history has shown all too clearly the possible results of failure to heed God's commandments and ordinances.
The author states, in effect, your own history has shown you that YHWH's commands are good and true, and that following them may lead you to hope and a future, but since you have again and again avoided and denied those commands, and have "followed other gods" (Dt. 30:17), you find yourself not on the cusp of life but on the verge of death. There is thus no simple connection between doing the "good things" as some authority has demanded and the positive success that results; rather the possibility of life remains for those who fully seize and live the commandments of God. It is finally not too late. The emphasis is on the seizing of life, not on the clarity of the commands or on those who have promulgated them.
This is true because of the verses of chapter 30 that are not included by the collectors of the lectionary. Let's look at Deuteronomy 30:11-14. Those who claim to be the arbiters of the law, the gatekeepers of true morality, and thus the determiners of "who is in and who is out," are finally mountebanks who too often stand in the way of the truth rather than help others to find the truth. "Certainly this commandment that I am commanding you is not too hard for you, nor is it too far away. It is not in the sky that you must say, 'Who will go up to the sky and get it for us so that we may hear it and follow it?' Neither is it beyond the sea, that you should say, 'Who will cross to the other side of the sea for us, and get it for us so that we may hear and follow it?' No, the word is very near to you; it is in your mouth and in your heart for you to follow." Following the "word" or the "command" of YHWH is not hard to figure out, nor does one need a great biblical interpreter to explain what it is you are to do. No! It is close, its hearing clear, its observation and its following, simple.
Moses here surely refers to the bulk of the book of Deuteronomy in these words, but as the long history of Judaism demonstrates, the focus of this call to follow God's word and command falls on Deuteronomy 5-7. Here one finds the central claims of Judaism in a convenient nutshell. Little wonder that on the door posts of many Jewish homes one finds a mezuzah (doorpost) inside of which one finds a tiny scroll of some portion of Deuteronomy 5-7 on it. (I have one on the doorpost of my own house that I have owned for nearly thirty years.) Perhaps Deuteronomy 6:4-9 is the favorite set of verses, since it includes the command to "write them (the commands of God) on the doorposts of your house."
And those commands? "Hear, O Israel, YHWH is our God, YHWH alone! You shall love YHWH your God with all of your heart (your will, your intelligence), with all of your life (better than "soul"), with all of your strength." And on the great words go, bidding willing believers to teach their children in every circumstance these great truths, never forgetting that YHWH is the source of all. Further on it says that God chose Israel not because it was great or numerous, but for one reason only: "because YHWH loved you" (Dt. 7:8). Like a clap of thunder, the unbreakable love of God sounds into the center of Israel's life, calling for their love of the loving YHWH.
This is plainly not difficult, nor is it high in the sky, nor is it across the sea; it is in our mouths and in our hearts; YHWH loves us and chooses us for YHWH's purposes in the world!
And it is for that reason, that insight, that this is a passage for this sixth Sunday in Epiphany. The light of the season has been illuminated in many ways by the Hebrew Bible passages we have examined. From Isaiah to Malachi to Micah and back to Isaiah, the coming of Jesus into our world has found its power in justice and hope and expectation for a better world for all. In next week's last Epiphany Sunday we will turn to Leviticus, that richly priestly book within whose laws and practices we will discover the second part of Jesus' "Greatest Commandment," and will hear again what we too easily forget, that "we must love our neighbor as we love ourselves."
In many ways the season of Epiphany is the most important season of the church's year, for here we explore what all that Christmas stuff means now for us and gets us ready to celebrate again that meaning of the Easter celebration just around God's smiling corner.
Author's Note: I know you will not forget the upcoming cruise of the Baltic, sailing September 3 from Copenhagen, and including my shipboard lectures on Job. For full details, see eo.com soon. Hope to see you there!
2/9/2014 5:00:00 AM | <urn:uuid:14b84018-3a20-4f2a-b028-f30841c0b633> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.patheos.com/progressive-christian/2014/02/choose-life-john-holbert-02-10-2014 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.966164 | 1,339 | 2.125 | 2 |
To me it is very important for organizations to be able to run smoothly without any hindrances. I know that if I were a manger in charge of a particular assembly line and it were my job to properly manage the staff and maintenance of assets in order to avoid any hindrances I would do my level best.
Of course it is important to consider at this point that my opinion about all of this is based on my MSC degree and I have a high level of knowledge on worker behaviour and why they are a company’s top priority.
Most managers do not realize that the way they manage their workforce is the way they can gain a competitive advantage as compared to other firms in the same industry.
Innovation is key! No matter how many times I state this in my blogs it is not enough. The 21st century is different and it requires a different method of management.
Treating workers as assets will lead to them feeling motivated and values which will lead to innovation and increased knowledge sharing which in turn will lead to high productivity and efficiency and in turn competitive advantage. | <urn:uuid:dc240732-f12a-44f5-9dd1-b2f24b28b571> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/asagheer/newentries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.975956 | 222 | 1.53125 | 2 |
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What happens when technology reaches the level where it can grant humans immortality? Richard K Morgan’s epic 2002 novel, and current Netflix show, Altered Carbon explores this question, and in the process reveals an unsettling answer about owning your own identity.
We are thrown into an unfamiliar world of flying cars, neon skyscrapers, and eerily humanistic AI robots. Immortality is possible thanks to “stacks” – a coded metal disc inserted into your spine that houses your consciousness and can be transferred from body to body (a process called re-sleeving). Amidst this technologically advanced world, a mystery unfolds that seems all too familiar and includes class struggle, racial and religious divides, abuses of technology by powerful people, etc.
We follow along with a diverse cast of characters – namely former elite soldier Takeshi Kovacs, police officer Kristen Ortega, and AI hotel landlord Poe (a nod to Edgar Allan Poe of course).
While there is a lot to unpack in this story, I found the use of biometric authentication most interesting (is anyone surprised?). It seems like almost all Sci-Fi stories these days have some form of biometric authentication sequence, but in Altered Carbon, biometrics are surprisingly central to the plot.
Biometrics in Altered Carbon
If you lived in this cyberpunk future, you would use biometrics to authenticate payments, get into your office, get into your apartment, unlock your car, etc. You’d use a mix of face scanners and fingerprint scanners. Technology hasn’t seemed to advance far enough to start using touchless scanning yet, but c’est la vie.
What really stuck in my mind is that in order to live forever, you need to discard one body and put your stack (your consciousness) into another body – aka re-sleeving. But, if you re-sleeve, you would lose your original body and your original biometrics. And, to make it even more complicated, someone else could be walking around with your old body while you are in a new one – they recycle bodies in this future! Who keeps track of what person is in what sleeve so that all your accounts still work and aren’t still tied to an old body? If I was put into a new body, I sure would want to make sure I could still get into my apartment and access my bank accounts…Identity fraud must be a nightmare.
This got me thinking – perhaps the governing body that oversees stacks and sleeve reassignment just updates all the accounts. Maybe the government has a database of all the biometrics of all the sleeves, and when your stack is put into a new one, they can just reassign and overwrite. There are governments today that do this kind of biometric cataloging – just look at India and the Aadhaar system.
But in this case, who really owns your identity and your biometrics? It won’t be you. In the case of the show, it would be the government. Only the rich and powerful have a choice of new sleeves, others are given whatever the government has available. Average people wouldn’t have access to their virtual OR physical identity anymore, it would all be dictated by the state. This, sadly, does seem eerily similar to the way third parties store and control our identity data today – for example, Facebook and the Cambridge Analytica hack – but at least, in this case, it’s all virtual identity data, not your biometrics.
In the future, if we change bodies like we change clothes, it will be interesting to see who will end up controlling our virtual and physical identities – and how much control we would be forced to give up to live forever. | <urn:uuid:f088e8a7-ad83-41ec-af08-6951b0604438> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://veridiumid.com/biometric-authentication-altered-carbon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.947648 | 777 | 2.25 | 2 |
Written by Staff Writer
26 Jan, 2016 | 7:27 am
The Australian team looking for missing Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 has lost the sonar detector they were using for their search.
On Sunday, the deep-water detector, or towfish, “collided with a mud volcano which rises 2,200 metres from the seafloor,” an official statement said.
Both the device and 4,500 metres of snapped cable are now resting on the sea floor.
The search team believe they will be able to recover both at a later date.
The Joint Agency Coordination Centre (JACC), overseeing the search, did not say whether the loss would delay their operation, which they have said will be completed by June.
Flight MH370 disappeared in March 2014, with 239 people on board, during a flight from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing. Based on satellite communications data, the plane is thought to have crashed in the Indian Ocean, but only one piece of debris from the plane has ever been found, on the French island of Reunion.
Search ship Fugro Discovery is now returning to port in Fremantle, Australia, to have a replacement cable fitted, which it will then use with a spare towfish it has on board.
The search is focused on a 120,000-sq-km (46,330-sq-mile) area of the southern Indian ocean. The sonar detector is pulled through the water about 100 metres (330 feet) above the seabed, mapping the underwater terrain.
On Saturday, another piece of possible aircraft debris was found off the coast of southern Thailand, although experts and officials have cast doubt on the idea it might belong to MH370, as prevailing currents would be unlikely to carry debris there from the southern India Ocean.
13 Aug, 2018 | 08:07 PM
21 Apr, 2017 | 11:49 AM
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Western Union Money Transfer
The West Union Money Transfer is one of the most widely used methods for sending money in times of emergencies. The company was established in the year 1851 and has since become a very reliable and trusted source of money transfers for all kinds of people and institutions worldwide. They have been in business since and is still going strong.
How to send money using Western Union
Anyone who wishes to send money internationally needs to know the Western Union Money Transfer process well in order to ensure that the transaction is a smooth and hassle-free one. There are certain precautions that should be kept in mind in order to avoid any kind of hassles or inconveniences during the money transfer process.
This is because of the fact that different banks and financial institutions will always have slightly different procedures and terms when it comes to handling money. Even between the same banks and institutions, the rules and regulations can differ. Therefore it is best to be familiar with these differences before proceeding any further with the money transfer.
Create an account
To start with, you need to open an account with the bank of your choice so that you have access to Western Union services. You can even use your current bank’s website to log on to this site and do the necessary transactions. Once you are logged on, you can start browsing through the available transactions that are available and the currency rates that they offer.
Provide recipient details
When you are ready to proceed with the money transfer, you will need to provide details about the person or entity that you want to send the money to. Some of them may require proof of address, while others may only need the location of the residence of the person you are sending the money to. They also have a list of countries that are accepted by them and which are not. You also need to fill out the form so the system knows where to send the money so it reaches its destination as fast as possible.
Put in the amount to send
In addition to the forms, you will also need to write in the amount of money that you need to send and the recipient’s address. This can be done either on a postcard or also on an envelope that is sent through regular mail. Once you have filled that out, you can give the number to the Western Union representative who will then proceed with the transaction.
It is very easy and fast to do and once the transaction has been completed, the money will be sent to your recipient’s address.
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A study encompassing some 9,000 dogs conducted at the University of Helsinki demonstrated that fearfulness, age, breed, the company of other members of the same species and the owner’s previous experience of dogs were associated with aggressive behaviour towards humans. The findings can potentially provide tools for understanding and preventing aggressive behaviour.
Aggressive behaviour in dogs can include growling, barking, snapping and biting. These gestures are part of normal canine communication, and they also occur in non-aggressive situations, such as during play. However, aggressive behaviour can be excessive, making the dog a health threat to both humans and other animals.
“Understanding the factors underlying aggressive behaviour is important. In what kinds of circumstances does aggressive behaviour occur and what is the dog’s motive for such behaviour? In normal family dogs, aggressive behaviour is often unwanted, while some dogs with official duties are expected to have the capacity for aggressiveness. At the same time, aggressiveness can be caused by welfare issues, such as chronic pain,” says doctoral researcher Salla Mikkola from the University of Helsinki.
The canine gene research group active at the University of Helsinki surveyed connections between aggressive behaviour and several potential risk factors with the help of a dataset encompassing more than 9,000 dogs, a sample from a larger dataset from a behavioural survey dataset of nearly 14,000 dogs. The study investigated aggressiveness towards both dog owners and unfamiliar human beings. Dogs were classified as aggressive if they growled often and/or had attempted to snap at or bite a human at least occasionally in the situations described in the survey.
“Dogs’ fearfulness had a strong link to aggressive behaviour, with fearful dogs many times more likely to behave aggressively. Moreover, older dogs were more likely to behave aggressively than younger ones. One of the potential reasons behind this can be pain caused by a disease. Impairment of the senses can contribute to making it more difficult to notice people approaching, and dogs’ responses to sudden situations can be aggressive,” Mikkola adds.
Small dogs are more likely to behave aggressively than mid-sized and large dogs, but their aggressive behaviour is not necessarily considered as threatening as that of large dogs. Consequently, their behaviour is not addressed. In addition, the study found that male dogs were more aggressive than females. However, sterilisation had no effect on aggressive behaviour.
The first dogs of dog owners were more likely to behave aggressively compared to dogs whose owners had previous experience of dogs. The study also indicated that dogs that spend time in the company of other dogs behave less aggressively than dogs that live without other dogs in the household. While this phenomenon has been observed in prior research, the causality remains unclear.
“In the case of dogs prone to aggressive behaviour in the first instance, owners may not necessarily wish to take a risk of conflicts with another dog,” Mikkola muses.
Significant differences in aggressive behaviour between breeds
Differences in the aggressiveness of various dog breeds can point to a genetic cause.
“In our dataset, the Long-Haired Collie, Poodle (Toy, Miniature and Medium) and Miniature Schnauzer were the most aggressive breeds. Previous studies have shown fearfulness in Long-Haired Collies, while the other two breeds have been found to express aggressive behaviour towards unfamiliar people. As expected, the popular breeds of Labrador Retriever and Golden Retriever were at the other extreme. People who are considering getting a dog should familiarise themselves with the background and needs of the breed. As for breeders, they should also pay attention to the character of dam candidates, since both fearfulness and aggressive behaviour are inherited,” says Professor Hannes Lohi from the University of Helsinki.
This study is part of a wider Academy of Finland project that investigates the epidemiology of canine behaviour, as well as related environmental and genetic factors and metabolic changes. Professor Hannes Lohi’s research group conducts research at the Faculties of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of Helsinki, as well as the Folkhälsan Research Center. This study was supported, among others, by the Academy of Finland (308887), the European Research Council (Starting Grant), the ERA-NET NEURON funding platform and the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation.
Salla Mikkola, Milla Salonen, Jenni Puurunen, Emma Hakanen, Sini Sulkama, César Araujo, Hannes Lohi. Aggressive behaviour is affected by demographic, environmental and behavioural factors in purebred dogs. Scientific Reports. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88793-5
Source: University of Helsinki | <urn:uuid:dd007391-c507-4054-a9ee-e88ed6f0ac7d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://doggymom.com/tag/aggressive-dog/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960916 | 983 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Annuity Rates & Trends (Updated Monthly)
The trends in annuity interest rates tend to mirror the trends in bond interest rates. That's because insurance companies typically invest as much as 70% of their capital in fixed income securities, notably, corporate bonds. (Contrary to popular belief, insurance companies in the aggregate invest less than 15% of their overall assets in stocks.)
To get a handle on the trends in annuity interest rates we track Moody's AAA Corporate Bond Index. This index is a conservative proxy for estimating the interest rates that insurance companies earn in their portfolios. Moody's index includes bonds with remaining maturities as close as possible to 30 years. It drops a bond when the remaining life falls below 20 years, if the bond is susceptible to redemption, or if the rating changes.
In the first chart, we compare the Moody's index with rates from the US Treasury's 10-Year Note. Since the average duration of Moody's index (black line) is 20-30 years, its yield tends to be significantly higher than the yield on the 10 year T-Note (green line).
In the following charts, we compare the monthly income received from an immediate annuity (at different ages, for men and women) with the Moody's index. There is a strong correlation between the annuity payout graphs (green and pink lines) and the interest rate index (dotted lines).
If you'd like to get a free, personalized annuity quote without any sales agents calling you, click this link to our Instant Annuity Calculator page. | <urn:uuid:bd83b5ff-3cc0-4f53-a770-29e36f2b3f00> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.immediateannuities.com/annuity-trends/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.939398 | 317 | 1.585938 | 2 |
WWI hospital at Highclere Castle (Downton Abbey)
I live in a C16th cottage in the woods that was once part of the Highclere estate. Highclere Castle is, of course, well known as the setting for the popular drama series, Downton Abbey. Series 2 is set during WWI, where Downton Abbey is turned into a convalescent home for officers returning from the trenches of the Western Front. The story is fiction but the hospital established at Highclere Castle in 1914 was real.
The story of the Highclere hospital was particularly interesting to me while I was writing and researching Letting in the Light, the third book in the Spindrift trilogy. My story is located in Cornwall in WWI and the community set up a convalescent home at Spindrift House.
At the age of 19, Lady Almina married the 5th Earl of Carnarvon. Half French, she was believed to be the natural daughter of Alfred Rothschild. Her fortune saved her husband from financial ruin and, like Lady Cora, the American heiress in Downton Abbey, she funded renovation work at Highclere Castle. Subsequently, her inheritance from her father funded Lord Carnarvon’s search for Tutankhamen’s tomb.
In 1914, the Countess was 38 when war broke out and, with financial support from her father, she opened Highclere Castle as a surgical hospital, specialising in orthopaedics and admitting patients returning from the trenches. She took on the role of matron and appointed the family doctor as medical director and employed 30 nurses. Eminent surgeons were brought from London and an operating theatre set up in one of the bedrooms.
Lady Almina considered good hygiene was extremely important, understanding that this reduced the risk of possibly fatal infection. She made beds, dressed wounds, read to the patients and told them how brave they were. Very few patients died whilst recovering at Highclere. Lady Almina also believed a patient made a better recovery when given sympathetic emotional support.
Officers had the best care possible and were treated as house guests. They had their own rooms with lovely views of the grounds, linen sheets, down pillows and other touches of luxury. Nurses wore bright pink uniforms to lift the patients’ spirits. In the evenings, the patients dined with waiting staff to attend them. Afterwards, they might play cards in the library. Lady Almina wrote to each patient’s family, outlining their condition in detail and inviting them to visit at the weekends.
In 1916, the war gained momentum and huge numbers of young doctors died at the Somme. Older and more experienced surgeons were more readily available in London to cope with emergency treatment for the vast number of wounded men returning from the trenches. Lady Almina moved the hospital to rented accommodation at 48 Bryanston Square in London. A lift was installed, as well as X-ray apparatus and a purpose built operating theatre to service the forty beds. Rehoused in this large building, it was possible to deal more quickly with the rising influx of wounded men. The new hospital was affiliated with Queen Alexandra’s Military Hospital.
Lord Kitchener came to inspect the newly opened hospital and was impressed. There were some single rooms but most wards held between two and four beds. They were given the same names as the guest rooms at Highclere such as, Arundel, Sussex and Stanhope. Fresh produce from the kitchen garden and orchard was sent daily from Highclere.
The archives at Highclere Castle still house several hundred letters received by the 5th Countess, thanking her for helping to save their loved ones during their time at the hospital. One of the letters of thanks from a patient remembered being served breakfast in bed by a butler before a footman inquired as to which order he would care to read the newspapers! Many of the letters say that Lady Almina was like a ‘guardian angel to them, a modern day Florence Nightingale.’
In 1917, the hospital became one of the few hospitals treating patients from the Royal Flying Corps, specialising in burns cases. The hospital in Bryanston Square was still caring for 20 patients in November 1918 at the end of the war. When they were sufficiently recovered to be moved to convalescent homes, the hospital closed on 15th February 1919 and Lady Almina returned to Highclere Castle.
To find out more about Highclere Castle click here
1914 Spindrift House, Cornwall
Edith Fairchild’s good-for-nothing husband, Benedict, deserted her when their children were babies. Now the children are almost adult, Edith and Pascal, her faithful lover of two decades, are planning to leave their beloved Spindrift artists’ community in Cornwall and live together in blissful sin in France.
But an explosive encounter between Benedict and Pascal forces old secrets into the light, causing rifts in the happiness and security of the community. Then an assassin’s bullet fired in faraway Sarajevo sets in train a chain of events that changes everything.
The community left in Cornwall struggles to eke out a living, while the younger generation enlist or volunteer to support the war effort, facing dangers that in the golden summer of 1914 would have seemed unimaginable.
When it’s all over, will the Spindrift community survive an unexpected threat and will Edith and Pascal ever be able to fulfil their dream?
To buy Letting in the Light click here | <urn:uuid:a513e4cb-05ba-43f2-abbf-ef3c1d40c7e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.charlottebetts.com/3246-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.975827 | 1,151 | 1.78125 | 2 |
There’s plenty of stories about North Korea in the news these days, largely to do with their recent moves toward rapprochement with the South during the upcoming Olympic Games. And when we’re not talking about that, we inevitably focus on their nuclear weapons program. But it’s also worth remembering that the people of that nation, while generally brainwashed into following their Dear Leader’s madness because of a lack of access to information about the outside world, are suffering. Conditions in North Korea are dire for all but those most closely tied to Kim Jong-un’s regime. We saw a hint of this when we learned that the two soldiers who defected to the South recently were malnourished and infested with worms.
But conditions are even worse for the rank and file citizens out in the countryside. Not only do they have no electricity, plumbing or clean water in most cases, they’re equally in danger of starving. This applies to the farmers as well, who you might think would at least manage to keep food on the table. But, as Brandon Morse at RedState pointed out this week, the farmers can’t even hang on to what they grow. The government has issued orders for the soldiers to come confiscate their food following a particularly poor harvest this past season.
The communist nation of North Korea is so without food that it can’t even feed its troops. Thus North Korean officials have ordered troops to steal the meager scraps of food rural farmers have grown for themselves.
According to DailyNK, this order to raid farms comes weeks after the North Korean military was given a month off to scrounge for food to feed themselves with. The shortage of food is due to a sub-par harvest, and farmers who didn’t deliver the quota given to it by the North Korean government will now find themselves giving up food for their private use.
“We are suffering because collective farms in our region did not have a good harvest last year and so we were unable to fulfill the mandatory quota for military provisions. All individuals who weren’t able to meet the demands have been receiving additional assignments since the very beginning of January,” the anonymous source told the DailyNK.
Kim certainly eats well, as you can tell by any picture of him. But his people are literally starving to death. I’m reminded of an account penned by Christopher Hitchens in his epic book, Love, Poverty and War. He told of shiny cities where nobody lived and peasants who were found lying dead by the road with their mouths full of grass. Because when you become desperate enough and on the edge of death you’ll try to eat almost anything.
It might be the height of irony for Kim’s family to finally achieve their dream of obtaining nuclear weapons and becoming a world power (at least in their own minds), only to see the nation collapse in upon itself because of a massive famine. Could this be part of what’s seemingly bringing Kim to the table at this stage? After all these years of sanctions combined with epic mismanagement, the number of starving peasants may be more than Kim feels he can imprison or otherwise keep under control. If they rise up en masse against him it would be an embarrassing end to a terrible regime. But if he can stop outraging the world long enough to get some of the sanctions lifted and bring in more food he could still save his family’s legacy.
If I could wave a magic wand and drop anything on North Korea right this moment it wouldn’t be bombs. It wouldn’t even be food. It would be cell phones and charging stations and towers to hook all their people up to the internet. If they could see their leader the way the rest of the world does and realize what they are missing out on, Kim would probably be dead and gone within the week. | <urn:uuid:b1071ea4-b35e-4fa6-b1d7-ded65d88655e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hotair.com/jazz-shaw/2018/01/23/bad-off-north-koreans-bad-n253803 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974471 | 800 | 2.140625 | 2 |
France, Italy, Spain and Greece have been experiencing economic recessions, causing difficulties for their citizens.
France, under its President Emmanuel Macron, has faced violent protests by agitators, known as “yellow vests”, after the government announced a new fuel tax that hurt people in villages and small towns the most.
But France is one of several EU members where people are complaining about economic hardships.
These countries, which include Italy, Spain and Greece, were for many years seen as bedrock of prosperity and welfare. That changed after the implosion sovereign debt crisis in 2009.
The protests in France have now prompted in other countries to raise voice against austerity measures, which the governments introduced to cut back on high cost and spending.
That became a drag from the combined economy of the EU, which saw its share in global output recede in last ten years, Yakup Kocaman, an economic consultant, told TRT World.
Here's what's happening in the four troubled countries.
The unemployment rate in France at 8.9 percent is higher than the EU average of 6.7 percent in October 2018.
Between 2007 and 2017, youth unemployment increased from 19.5 percent to 22.3 percent.
Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire expects a drag on the economic growth by year end due to the protests.
The central bank also sees growth slowing down in the last quarter, which runs from October to December 2018.
Income inequality rose sharply in last few years, despite the French egalitarian ideals.
The annual average household income per capita in France is $31,137, higher than the EU average.
However, there is a considerable gap between the rich and the poor people - top 20 percent of population earns nearly five times as much as the 20 percent at the bottom.
France's high sovereign debt has forced the government to introduce unpopular measures such as the hike in taxes.
And the problem is not expected to go away any time soon.
France's external debt is almost as much as its annual economic output, says Kocaman.
Italy has also been experiencing economic difficulties in recent years due to its financial problems.
Since the League and the anti-establishment Five Star party formed a coalition government, Italy’s economy has gone into reverse. The new administration's big-spending budget plans have prompted fears of another banking crisis.
A new budget submitted to the EU promises to lower the retirement age and introduce income support. The European Commission has rejected the package, saying it will not cut Italy’s large public debt as the rules require, and has warned it could penalise Rome unless changes are made.
According to Eurostat, Italy has the third highest unemployment rate among the EU countries at 10.6 percent.
Italy's GDP growth is also second worst, second only to Greece, among the 28 EU members.
The country also suffers from high income inequality with purchasing power of the majority population steadily decreasing in last five years.
Spain was one of the worst affected countries from the debt crisis leaving many of its financial institutions struggling.
This had a fallout on people as the country saw its unemployment rate surge to 14.8 percent, one of the highest in Europe.
Here again, a high income inequality has made the lives of the poorest people difficult.
Greece has seen it all: huge debt, political crisis, protests, and bankruptcy.
It's unemployment rate at 18.9 percent is highest in the eurozone.
After many years of negative GDP growth, Greece is still yearning for a leap ahead.
Like France, Italy and Spain, the purchasing power has been decreasing in Greece, making life difficult for ordinary citizens. | <urn:uuid:d1ffca2a-2570-4f85-949a-cf42d5ec889f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.trtworld.com/europe/four-eu-member-states-that-threaten-the-union-s-welfare-22454 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.972583 | 767 | 2.046875 | 2 |
The supply chain ecosystem consists of diverse value chain actors like manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, retailers, and customers. Supply chain management (SCM) involves efficient planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply activities. Companies use ERP solutions to manage the physical aspects of supply that include storage, transportation, and effectively managing demand and supply to meet customer needs.
Supply chain management directly affects the efficiency of the ERP system due to its complexity. Corporate buyers, manufacturers, suppliers, logistics providers, consumers demand greater visibility into the origin and movement of goods. They need more accurate and timely supply chain data to address inefficiencies and risks in value chains across the globe. Currently, there are no efficient means of synchronization of this information amongst multiple parties along the supply chain. Consequently, each organization records and maintains its version of the truth. In other words, every organization has its ERP system to manage the supply chain. It often leads to errors, high costs, and reputational and financial risks.
Legacy ERP systems require to go through massive amounts of customization to fit each individual organization’s needs.
Blockchain supply chain development and management can play a crucial role. These areas typically fall under the ERP systems domain. It is therefore unfathomable to say that blockchain will not have a significant impact on the ERP systems in the near future.
Blockchain enables buyers, suppliers, shippers, and other supply chain actors to transact in a trusted network while keeping everyone in sync, in real-time, and in strict privacy. Blockchain in the supply chain can facilitate global trading partners to transact securely. It also gives the provision to use consensus over shared facts to increase efficiency, transparency, and visibility.
A Blockchain solution can have a single version of any information. A solution in which the underlying ERP system undergoes the integration with blockchain. It ensures that all systems, rather than talking to each other, speak through a blockchain. Although this may require various integrations with IT systems, Blockchain will perhaps not replace existing ERP systems. Instead, it will supplement them by simplifying and strengthening the relationships among stakeholders.
Powered by R3 company, Corda is a business-friendly open-source blockchain platform that is suitable for next-gen technologies. Some benefits of Corda blockchain development are ensuring regulatory compliance, accelerating insurance claims management, and streamlining KYC processes
Smart contracts on Corda enables a single source of truth for supply-chain records. Permissioned stakeholders can verify that at any given time. Therefore, delivering transparency across all parties.
Corda has the provision to provide solutions for a permissioned blockchain network development. It enables regulators as well to access information about the supply chain within a secure environment, and thus, reducing penalties for noncompliance.
All stakeholders can capture and verify various parameters like the origin, quantity, movement, location, and transfer of materials, raw ingredients, and finished products on-demand.
It enables stakeholders to gain control and complete visibility over the supplier network. It includes shipping, logistics, insurance, and more. Ultimately, it drives your business to grow faster and more profitably.
With a Corda blockchain, ERP systems can be more efficient. It can provide them the capability to understand the location and flow of products within the supply chain, from the stage of raw materials and manufacturing to post-delivery. Last but not the least, it can streamline record-keeping and reporting systems to ensure reliable manifests, bills of lading, certifications, and more.
Having a feature-rich ERP software adds value to the entire chain, starting from material procurement to end-customer product delivery. An efficient ERP solution can coordinate and integrate three key flows to achieve maximum efficiency. They include material flows, information flows, and financial flows.
Now there are iERP solutions being deployed to address such challenges and enhance the efficiency of legacy ERP systems, with emerging technologies like AI, Blockchain, AR, and IoT. These technologies with ERP solutions enable cost optimization, effective resource planning, automation with increased efficiency, significant user adoption, and effective personalization across industries.
Automate attendance management using facial recognition technology to trigger unauthorized access alerts.
Generate better product recommendations and personalize the customer experience with AR technology and prediction models
Reduce transportation costs with intelligent route planning enabled by Optaplanner and GPS tracking system integrations
We have curated an assortment of AI, AR, IoT, blockchain technologies in which our developers have gained experience and certifications to provide iERP solutions. | <urn:uuid:692b4de1-df73-469f-a5b2-903eeeb4b0e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blockchain.oodles.io/blog/blockchain-intelligent-erp-systems-ierp-solutions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.923059 | 932 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Prohormones can help you build muscle, burn fat, and push yourself ahead in your weight lifting and bodybuilding pursuits. Many people take them without realizing what kind of effect they are having on their bodies, and others avoid them – probably because they don’t understand the purpose or potential of a good prohormone. If you understand where they came from and how there were developed, you’ll know why they work so well.
Towards the end of the 20th century, pro hormones were introduced to the consumer market by a scientist who was working on performance enhancements and nutritional supplements. Simple chemistry led him to piecing together just the right combination of ingredients to provide a safe and effective way for people to increase their potential for gaining strength and building muscle. From that moment, the formula was manipulated in hundreds of different ways to deliver exactly the results that various consumers sought. Instead of just one pro hormone on the market, there’s an entire collection of products you can choose from, depending on what you hope to accomplish.
The first prohormones mimicked natural human hormones, such as testosterone. As you probably know, testosterone is a male sex hormone that all bodies create naturally. Both men and women produce testosterone via the pituitary gland, and it’s used differently in your body depending on your age, your general health, and your gender. One thing testosterone does for everyone is increase strength, power, and physical aggression. The early prohormones that were developed copied the molecular structure of testosterone and fed the body what it needed to direct all that power towards muscle building.
Some of the first prohormone products carried serious side effects. There were some issues with toxicity to the liver, and cases of high blood pressure and dangerous cardiovascular situations. With additional research and more work, they were made safer and more reliable. As long as you are in good health generally, you can now take most prohormone products safely, without any risks or complications. It’s important to take them as directed – don’t take more than is recommended on instructed on your packaging. Stick to oral prohormones as well; with the new products there is no need for injections.
In more modern times, there has been a struggle between legal and illegal forms of prohormones. When you’re buying a prohormone, you want to make absolutely sure you’re buying something legal and approved. The Anabolic Steroid Control Act, which was signed into law in 2004, includes many types of prohormones in the list of prohibited substances. Those are to be avoided, especially if you’re an athlete who is subject to testing for illegal performance enhancing substances. However, enough legal prohormone products are on the market that you still have a wide variety of things to choose from when you’re looking for extra help with your fitness plans.
Whether you want to build incredible bulks of muscle or you’re trying to slim down and burn fat so that your lean muscle mass is more obvious, there is a pro hormone that can help you. The supply has grown a lot more diverse than it was when these products were first introduced in the late 1990s. You can choose something that will help your recovery process, speed up your metabolism, or transform your body entirely. | <urn:uuid:a18b74a8-acae-4598-a40d-351866d538c0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prohormones.co/the-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.968686 | 690 | 1.523438 | 2 |
5 edition of Problems of the Indonesian revolution found in the catalog.
Problems of the Indonesian revolution
D. N. Aidit
|Statement||[by] D.N. Aidit.|
|LC Classifications||JQ779.A55 A83|
|The Physical Object|
|Number of Pages||612|
|LC Control Number||sa 64007488|
A major study of the role of women in the labour market of Industrial Revolution Britain. It is well known that men and women usually worked in different occupations, Cited by: During the Second World War, Japan invaded and occupied the Dutch East Indies. Japanese forces remained there until their surrender in August, .
Knowing the basic problems of the Indonesian revolution means knowing the targets and tasks of the Indonesian Revolution, knowing the forces which push it forward, knowing its character and its perspectives. In order to know the basic problems of the Indonesia Revolution, we must in the first place know Indonesian society. PART ONE. book, the product of the collective enlightened wisdom of the Forum’s communities. This book is organized in three chapters. The first is an overview of the fourth industrial revolution. The second presents the main transformative technologies. The third provides a deep dive into the impact of the revolution and some of the policy challenges File Size: 1MB.
Indonesian National Revolution is a selected article on the Indonesian Portal, which means that it has been selected as a high quality Indonesia-related article to be shown periodically on the portal page. Books at Amazon. The Books homepage helps you explore Earth's Biggest Bookstore without ever leaving the comfort of your couch. Here you'll find current best sellers in books, new releases in books, deals in books, Kindle eBooks, Audible audiobooks, and so much g: Indonesian revolution.
The influence and tradition of the episcopal office on tenth-century archbishops of Mainz
McGuffeys alternate spelling-book
History, literature, sciences, scholarship, before 1700
market for manioc as a raw material for the manufacture of compound animal feeding stuffs in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Netherlands, and Belgium.
Educating for responsibility
The rich nations and the poor nations
A narrative of a new and unusual American imprisonment, of two Presbyterian ministers, and prosecution of Mr. Francis Makemie one of them, for preaching one sermon in the city of New-York.
Murders not quite solved.
Society, delinquency and delinquent behavior
Garrison in heaven
The Indonesian Revolution did not proceed well and rapidly, and some serious mistakes were com mitted in leading the Indonesian Revolution. But it was due to the fact that Marxism-Leninism has entered into the Indonesian Inde pendence Movement, that these serious mistakes and failures did not weaken and certainly did not PRODUCED BY The Indonesian revolution demands attention as a revolution, and as an important chapter in the collapse of Western colonialism.
In the first place, however, it is the watershed of modern Indonesian history, and must be understood in terms of that history/5.
Reid sees the Indonesian Revolution as more analogous to the French Revolution than to the Russian Revolution and in this book the term is used to represent a kind of political phenomenon.
However, the Revolution is not confined to the “Revolusi,” Indonesian struggle (–49) for. COVID Resources. Reliable information about the coronavirus (COVID) is available from the World Health Organization (current situation, international travel).Numerous and frequently-updated resource results are available from this ’s WebJunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus.
This book explores a little-known phase in the history of both Indonesia and Singapore: how the dynamics of the Indonesian revolution () overflowed into Singapore. Singapore was a base for the Indonesian nationalists, the British, the Dutch, and Chinese traders, with each group exploiting prevailing circumstances for their own interests.
WITH the transfer of sovereignty, the primary objective of the Indonesian revolution had been won. However, before the Indonesian people’s focus of attention began to shift from the political to the socio-economic, there was one final major development in the political sphere.
Indonesian History. A book’s total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters ranked the book. saving. Error rating book. Refresh and try again. saving. Error Problems of the Indonesian revolution book book.
Refresh and try again. saving. Book Description. Adrian Vickers's book traces the history of an island country from the colonial period through revolution and independence to the present. The book journeys through the social and cultural mores of Indonesian society, focusing on the experiences of ordinary people/5(6).
Issues relating to access to health and education as well as rising inequality are the most pressing social challenges the Indonesian government will need to confront.
Summary This paper outlines some of the demographic changes that have occurred in Indonesia since independence and examines the effects they could have in future decades. Media Power in Indonesia.
Oligarchs, Citizens and the Digital Revolution By Ross Tapsell 2 Reviews. This is an essential book that explores the relationship between the Indonesian media, especially in digital form, and oligarchy on the one hand, and civil society on the other.
It provides a detailed but also reflective analysis of the way. Indonesia’s artificially high food prices are one of the biggest factors keeping 28 million of the country’s people mired in poverty. In many ways, Indonesia is a Southeast Asian success story. This vast archipelago contains the world’s fourth-largest population, and transitioned to democracy only 20 years ago during the Asian financial crisis.
John Roosa is an associate professor of history at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, and author of a seminal book on Indonesia in. The historical record of Indonesia’s “national revolution” remains murky. The available facts form a bare outline lacking in color and drama.
Its most critical battle, for example, is a farcical episode in the city of Surabaya where the British—not the Dutch—had to rout the local guerillas who had seized the metropolis to restore order.
become the main and permanent problems in the form of harassment/misappropriation regarding religion and worship house. These two problems become the main issues in the recent years in Indonesia which, so often, turn out to be violence that cannot be overcome properly.
The two File Size: KB. The Indonesian National Revolution, or Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during postwar and postcolonial Indonesia.
It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in and the Netherlands' recognition of Indonesia's independence at the end of Location: Indonesia.
Indonesia - Indonesia - Indonesia from the coup to the end of the New Order: In the early hours of Oct. 1,a group of army conspirators calling itself the September 30th Movement kidnapped and murdered six army generals.
A seventh, Nasution, escaped. The following morning the movement announced that it had seized power to forestall a coup against the president by a council of generals.
Other articles where Revolutionary Government of the Indonesian Republic is discussed: West Sumatra: History: the Sukarno government, and the Revolutionary Government of the Indonesian Republic was formed in the province, with its headquarters at Bukittinggi. The rebellion was crushed by Indonesian forces in mid after aerial attacks on Padang and Bukittinggi.
In Indonesia the economic and social crisis has led to a crisis in the political system too. The full impact of the Asian crisis on the world economy is yet to unfold. But it has already brought about an Indonesian revolution. The Weak Foundation of the Indonesian Economy. Indonesia was a.
Indonesia (Ĭn´dənē´zhə), officially Republic of Indonesia, republic ( est. pop. ,), c, sq mi (1, sq km), SE Asia, in the Malay fourth most populous country in the world, Indonesia comprises more t islands extending c.3, mi (4, km) along the equator from the Malaysia mainland toward Australia; the archipelago forms a natural.
The National Revolution, Indonesia Table of Contents. Unlike Burma and the Philippines, Indonesia was not granted formal independence by the Japanese in No Indonesian representative was sent to the Greater East Asia Conference in Tokyo in November But as the war became more desperate, Japan announced in September that.
Book Description Longman Australia, Hawthorn, Melbourne - softcover, 5½" x 8½" The Indonesian revolution demands attention AS revolution, and as an important chapter in the collapse of Western colonialism.
In the first place, it is the watershed of modern Indonesian history, and must be understood in terms of that history. The historian of the revolution is forced to devote more /5(13).Interesting questions. 1. Lack of Identity Indonesia is like a teenagers, we couldn't really decide which way to chose.
We want to be a maritime countries, agriculture countries, industrial country, tourism country, to put it worse, Indonesia is.Conclusion. Endnotes. Appendix: Australia's Trade with Indonesia.
Major Issues Summary. The Asian currency crisis arose from a collapse of confidence in the ability of a number of countries to maintain their fixed exchange rates while continuing to allow the free movement of foreign finance capital at a time of increasing current account deficits. | <urn:uuid:2b6ebecd-f2f1-4eaa-929b-258a4890e233> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://buwymugiqyjyjupij.gama-uk.com/problems-of-the-indonesian-revolution-book-6792kj.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.926356 | 2,046 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Are you ready to learn Roms in LAPTOP OR COMPUTER? Well you are certainly not by itself. A lot of people today are searching for methods to take advantage of the features of using their computer and using a cellphone to be a unit. It may be popular since anyone can take telephone calls in your mobile phone and you will browse the online world as well. It is assumed that mobile phones and pcs do not work effectively jointly, nonetheless fortunately there are ways to solve this problem.
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If you need to down load all of them and revel in these people on your computer system, then you can certainly likewise search the online world to get online games that you would like to try out. These sites are offering you several games to pick from. | <urn:uuid:07f75eb6-d422-4117-94df-6fa75398dfa6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.myairshare.com/enjoy-roms-about-computer-how-you-can-enjoy-roms-on-your-hard-drive/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.968208 | 631 | 1.84375 | 2 |
The UC Merced Library provides digital access to a number of research and archival collections. These collections comprise digitized content from the Library's Archives and Special Collections, content obtained through collaborative partnerships with outside organizations, as well as research content produced by the UC Merced community.
All of the content that is digitized by the UC Merced Library can be found on Calisphere. This content includes materials found physically in our Archives and Special Collections, and also includes content resulting from collaborations the Library has entered into--such as the Merced County Historical Society, the University of California Cooperative Extension, and the Yosemite National Park Archives.
In addition to the content digitized by the Library, Calisphere provides access to millions of other digitized resources from hundres of other California academic institutions, museums, historical organizations, and other local institutions.
CARA, a project of the UC Merced Library provides access to digitized resources on California agricultural history and research. Working with the University of California Cooperative Extension, which maintains offices in each of California's 58 counties, the CARA project works to archive, preserve, and provide access to UCCE historic records. Working with county offices, the project has uncovered scores of materials on crop research, agricultural production, technology, land use, socioeconomic development, 4-H and youth development, among other subjects.
In addition to preserving and providing access to the records of county offices, the CARA project is working to surface and improve online access to publications and other information sources about California agriculture located in such repositories as the Internet Archive and HathiTrust.
eScholarship is the University of California's open access publishing platform. eScholarship provides a suite of resources to campus departments, research units, and campus-affiliated scholars to easily provide access to papers, conference proceedings, and other research materials.
The Dryad Digital Repository is a curated resource that makes research data discoverable, freely reusable, and citable. Dryad provides a general-purpose home for a wide diversity of data types. It is designed to be a simple data publication tool for researchers to meet funder and publisher mandates.
Each dataset goes through a curation process to check for findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability. Dryad publishes the data under a Creative Commons Zero (CC0) license, and assigns Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to data sets so that researchers can gain professional credit through data citation. | <urn:uuid:6d4e7db5-e068-4c20-8f29-f23ed7136c5a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://library.ucmerced.edu/collections/digital-collections | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.918635 | 499 | 2.46875 | 2 |
| Ginkgo Turning Yellow |
Answered by: Inge Poot
Question from: Jerry Gut
Posted on: May 26, 1998
I bought two ginkgo trees from Richters lately. The one I planted in full sun outside is not doing very well. The leaves are turning yellow. Need advice about growing my ginkgo tree.
The tree might have experienced too sudden a change in conditions. I would shade it for about a month with burlap etc and see if the leaves stop turning yellow. Also mulch the soil to conserve moisture. | <urn:uuid:ff897730-900f-4f6a-8c7f-450471919400> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.richters.com/show.cgi?page=QandA/Growing/19980526-13.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.969106 | 127 | 2 | 2 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Do you offer a Health Guarantee?
Click Here to view our Health Guarantee and Puppy Contract.
Will my puppy come potty trained?
As soon as puppies are able to walk, they will move away from their nest to eliminate. We take full advantage of this natural tendancy to keep their living area clean early on. Around 3 weeks old we introduce them to a litter box inside the whelping box just as their eyes begin to open. (The litter box contains Alfalfa pellets. This will help your puppy associate the urge to eliminate with the smell of grass.) They are not perfect at this stage, but will begin using it almost immediately. When they reach 3-4 weeks old they are moved into a larger area and larger litter box. Here, they get to perfect their skills. By 6 weeks of age they are going outside a few times a day and are getting positive reinforcement on pottying outside. When your puppy goes home at 8 weeks of age, they will have a solid understanding of where to eliminate at my house and what the schedule is like. Keep in mind that their bladders are small and they may not have complete control of their potty habits until they are a little older. It's a good idea to take them out every 2 hours the first few days you get them home to prevent accidents until you know the signals to look for when they need to go out. A good rule of thumb is to take them out immediately when they wake up from a nap, about 5 minutes after they eat and about 10 minutes into a play session.
What vaccinations will the puppy have before I pick him/her up?
Your puppy will come with their health record from our vet listing the de-worming and vaccinations they have been administered.
They are given a broad spectrum de-wormer every 2 weeks from birth. At 5 or 6 weeks old we send a fecal sample to the lab to ensure there are no parasites being missed with the first two de-worming sessions. If we find a parasite that the original de-wormer does not cover, we will switch them to one that will eliminate it by the time they go home at 8 weeks old.
They will have their first 2 sets of vaccinations which include: Distemper, Hepatitis (CAV-2), Parvovirus and Parainfluenza.
When will my puppy be removed from mom?
The litter remains with mom from birth to the time they go to your home. Mom is able to come and go as she pleases. She will gradually limit her time with the puppies as they get older and she is weaning them.
In what ways will my puppy be socialized?
Our puppies are raised on the Puppy Culture program for the first 8 weeks of life. With this program, there are 7 different ways we approach socialization.
1. Communication - Dog and human language skills
2. Emotional Stability - the ability to recover easily from fear, as well as cope with stress and frustration in a socially acceptable manner.
3. Habituation - Familiarity to the maximum number of things. Facilitation of the “so what” response.
4. Enrichment - The view that challenges are opportunity for enrichment rather than things to be feared or avoided.
5. Health - The physical wellness and motor skills that will allow the puppy to develop in a neurologically and physically sound way.
6. Skills - Learned behaviors that allow them to function in human society.
7. Love - The desire to seek out the company of both dogs and humans as emotionally positive experiences.
How do I pick just one?
When you have more than one puppy to select from, it can be hard to make a final decision on which puppy to add to your family. This is where temperament testing comes in. We perform upwards of 15-20 individual tests with each puppy to asses their temperament prior to selections. Temperment testing gives us valuable insight into each puppy's unique qualities. We will pass this knowledge on to you to make the best selection for your family's lifestyle and needs.
What trainer do you recomend?
Peach on a Leash Dog Training specializes in puppy development and preventing behavior problems through early learning, socialization, and teaching impulse control. Trainer Alex Sessa’s methods build upon the learning your puppy undergoes while with us at North Georgia Labradoodles, ensuring that training stays consistent in those critical first few months.
Peach on a Leash offers four service options for puppy parents, and all are designed to ensure your pup grows up to be happy, well-mannered, and confident.
Private Training – Puppy Package
Private training is conducted in your home, and in the completely customizable six-session puppy package, your pup will learn all the foundation behaviors and impulse control exercises needed for successful early learning. You will also get help with potty training, nipping, crate training, and any other issues that may pop up.
Have a group of friends or co-workers that want to train together? Semi-private training is a custom-built class for groups of at least 3 dog/owner teams.
Group Puppy Classes
Group puppy classes are a great opportunity for early learning and socialization. They’re currently held on Sundays in Peachtree Corners.
Our most intensive and immersive option. Your puppy can live with head trainer Alex Sessa for one or two weeks to build a solid training foundation, prevent bad habits from forming, and get a jumpstart on potty training and crate training. This is a perfect option if you’d like your puppy to go directly into a structured training environment, or if you’re going on vacation and don’t want your pup picking up any bad habits.
For more details visit http://www.peachonaleash.com/services or click on the logo below.
Waiting List FAQ
How does the waiting list work?
To get on the waiting list, you will need to submit a $300 non-refundable deposit and text, call or email us with preferences on litter, color, gender and/or temprament if you have any. If at the time of your deposit there are open waiting lists for current litters, please include the name of the Mom whom's litter you would like your deposit placed on.
If there are no waiting lists open at the time of your deposit, you will be placed on the Master Waiting list. Once we have a litter born we will contact families in the order of the master waiting list with an offer to be added to that litter's list.
The waiting list is in the order in which families commit to a specific litter, not in the order in which deposits are received.
You will never be locked into a specific litter. Your deposit is transferable until we can get you the perfect puppy.
*NGL has the option of reserving first picks of any litter for holding puppies back to add to our program or for service families.
What happens if I am on a waiting list for a litter and a puppy meeting my preferences is not born, or is not available on Puppy Pick day when it's my turn to pick?
**We encourage you to keep an open mind in regard to both color and sex. (The puppy will typically pick the family)
Puppy picks go in the order of the waiting list. Each family will have the option to meet all of the available puppies on Pickup day.
If no puppy in the litter you have placed a deposit on meets your preferences, you have the option of transferring your deposit to a different litter or back to the Master Waiting list for a future litter.
If you transfer your deposit to different litter's list, you would be placed next in line on that list. Again, picking order is determined in the order commitments were made for that particular list, not necessarily in the order deposits are received.
How will my puppy get to me?
If you live local, you can come to pick up your puppy, or we can deliver for $1 a mile up to 200 miles.
If you live further out than 200 miles we can set up a ground shipper or flight nanny to deliver your puppy. These rates vary depending on millage. We have several shippers we use and trust. Please reach out if you need a referral. | <urn:uuid:0674220b-e109-4bb2-b280-1caaa2fa76ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.northgeorgialabradoodles.com/faq | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.94779 | 1,754 | 1.5 | 2 |
Fifteen: “How Black Black Can Be” (Hodgenville to Mammoth Cave National Park)
I took a side trip today. The TransAm, at 4,200 miles long, takes a lackadaisical track across the U.S., but even it offers Mammoth Cave up as an optional extra, tacking on 85 miles.
I got an early start to beat the heat, arriving in the park around noon (I also slipped into Central Time at the Hardin/Hart county line and gained an hour). In Munfordville I stopped to see Kentucky Stonehenge — exactly what it sounds like.
A dozen wild turkeys greeted me in the national park — all wildlife is federally protected, even snakes and spiders. I couldn’t get close enough for a decent picture without them running off into the woods.
There’s no entrance fee, but camping is $17, and you’ve got to tack on another $3 for a 10-minute shower. Come on! Pleasant campground, but the lack of walk-in sites meant lots of RVs. Interestingly, the bicycle’s the preferred means of transport (kids and adults) within the campground.
I took the 2 p.m. “Domes and Dripstones” tour, led by Rangers John and Steve, retired high school teachers. The two-hour tour covers 3/4 of a mile and 500 tight, twisting steps. Most of Mammoth’s more than 400 miles of surveyed passageway (more than twice as long as the next-nearest competitor, and geologists think perhaps 600 miles await discovery) are ancient dry riverbed, but a part of our tour took us to a wet area of the cave, where drips and seeps have created remarkable formations.
We entered though apparent doorway to nowhere (Dharma-initiative style) and descended 250′. The cave’s a cool 50 degrees F, and coming out the other end into the 90 degree heat and rampant humidity was like slamming into a brick wall. The respite was easily worth $12 all on its own. Native people explored the cave about 20,000 years ago through 4,000 years ago and researchers have found leavings (torches, shells, the occasional human remains) more than 10 miles in. There’s no evidence of exploration between about 4,000 years ago and 1798 when the cave was rediscovered by a hunter tracking a wounded bear.
The U.S. looked for status symbols in the 1800s — the country was an industrial and military power, but didn’t have ancient cities or the depth of culture Europe offered. In addition to Mammoth, the Grand Canyon and the giant redwoods helped bolster America’s reputation of scenic wonder.
In addition to its to not-insignificant tourist value, the cave produced a heck of a lot of saltpeter for the War of 1812. Congress authorized it as a national park in 1926 and it was established in 1941. Geologists and biologists are surveying the caves, studying how water moves through the area. An evening presentation by Ranger Jackie Wheet on the curiosity of caves related this anecdote:
Researchers frequently use dye tracing to track water movement. They’ll inject vividly colored (but harmless) dye in the surrounding area, and then wait to see where it shows up underground. They asked a nearby landowner for permission to trace his well. He wasn’t comfortable with the idea, and when the scientists pushed, he said, you can flush it down my toilet. Let’s see where my septic system leads. After all, he didn’t want to cause downstream problems. Well, a couple of days later the park gets a call from the guy, totally peeveed. He’s showering with green water. He thought they’d dumped dye in his well against his wishes, but his septic field and well draw were closer than expected.
Home tonight is the aforementioned campground. Site 81. While I was out, an enterprising squirrel helped himself to 14 cents’ of fig bars. I also rolled over 1,000 miles on the TransAm. | <urn:uuid:e23aa62b-a210-4cd7-9ee8-73d2b64ecda1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://surlaplaque.net/2014/06/19/fifteen-how-black-black-can-be-hodgenville-to-mammoth-cave-national-park/?replytocom=18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.960452 | 893 | 1.578125 | 2 |
How to Dispel Myths About the COVID-19 Vaccine
Medical professionals have an important role to play in correcting myths about COVID-19 vaccines.
The onslaught of information about COVID-19 vaccines shared in the news and on social media has contributed to a cluster of myths about the vaccine that feed skepticism about its purpose and safety.
It’s normal for people to have questions about the vaccines, acknowledges Thaddeus Stappenbeck, MD, PhD, Chairman of the Department of Inflammation and Immunity at Cleveland Clinic’s Lerner Research Institute. “These are new therapeutics and it’s totally reasonable to be asking constructive questions with an open mind,” he says.
Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services Policy
When patients raise doubts based on fears or on erroneous information, however, physicians should be ready to listen with patience and respond with clear answers that may help build confidence. Dr. Stappenbeck’s suggested responses to some of the most common myths may help physicians build trust around the COVID-19 vaccines.
It may be important to explain to patients that, while the first vaccines for COVID-19 do involve new technology and were developed in record time, there were no shortcuts in the process.
The messenger RNA (mRNA) technology at the heart of vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna were made possible because researchers have been working on this vaccine strategy for more than three decades.
“It was a lucky thing that the technology has been robustly developed quite well over the last few years and tested in several models of infection, so we knew that it was safe and worked quite well,” Dr. Stappenbeck notes. “When COVID-19 came around, this was an obvious opportunity to use this novel technology, and vaccine developers were poised to do it.”
Confidence has been established through rigorous trials involving tens of thousands of volunteers. The prevalence of COVID-19 enabled clinical trials to collect enough data to make an initial evaluation. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as well as an independent panel of vaccine experts, closely scrutinized the data from those trials and deemed Pfizer’s and Moderna’s vaccines safe and effective for emergency use. Similar independent panels in several other countries are in agreement.
Patients might need a better understanding of how vaccines prime the immune system to recognize and fight off a disease without actually causing an infection.
The first two COVID-19 vaccines that are available in the U.S. contain a strand of mRNA that instructs the recipient’s cells to make a piece of the spike protein present on SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Those protein pieces don’t harm the body, but they do trigger the immune system to mount a response to fight them off. The mild fatigue, muscle aches, headache or fever that may occur afterward are signs that the immune system is responding.
The vaccines use mRNA to instruct cells to make a piece of the hallmark spike protein found on SARS-CoV-2 to spark an immune system response. Once the mRNA does that, the body’s cells break it down and dispose of it.
“Messenger RNA is something that’s made from DNA, but it’s not designed to integrate with our DNA, and it doesn’t permanently change our genome in any way,” Dr. Stappenbeck says.
Both Pfizer and Moderna have published the ingredient lists for their vaccines. In addition to the mRNA for the spike protein, both vaccines contain lipids to help deliver the mRNA into the recipient’s cells and a few other common ingredients to help maintain the pH and stability of the vaccine. Despite theories circulated on social media, they do not contain microchips or any form of tracking device.
We don’t yet know how long natural immunity to COVID-19 lasts, Dr. Stappenbeck says. Right now, it seems that getting COVID-19 more than once is not common, but many questions remain unanswered. Experts say that it is appropriate even for those who have had COVID-19 to be vaccinated.
While most people who get COVID-19 are able to recover, some people develop severe complications. So far, more than 1.7 million people around the world have died from COVID-19 and many more needed to be hospitalized. The disease can cause damage to the lungs, heart and brain that may also cause long-term health problems that are not yet fully understood.
The other reason to consider getting the vaccine is that it may reduce the chance of passing COVID-19 on to someone else who might be more severely affected. Widespread vaccination protects populations, including those who are most at risk and those who can’t be vaccinated. It will be important for ending the pandemic.
Masking, physical distancing and hand washing remain important even among those who have had the vaccine. Both of the authorized vaccines require two doses given three to four weeks apart to achieve the best possible immunity. “It takes at least a week to 10 days for the body to begin to develop antibodies, and then those antibodies continue to increase over the next several weeks,” Dr. Stappenbeck says.
In addition, while these vaccines were developed and tested for their ability to prevent severe illness and death from COVID-19, it’s not yet clear whether they also protect against asymptomatic infection and spread. “There will be ongoing studies to evaluate this question, but it will be some time before we actually know,” Dr. Stappenbeck says. “So after you get the vaccine, you should still take steps to protect other people who haven’t been vaccinated yet.”
“I would love to say that we’re going to flip a switch and everything’s going to be back to normal, but it’s actually going to take a long time for us to be able to vaccinate an adequate number of people to the point at which we’d start to see the cases dropping significantly,” Dr. Stappenbeck explains.
In order to achieve herd immunity – the point at which the disease is no longer likely to spread – about 70% of the population will need to have been vaccinated or infected, he says. But the companies that make these vaccines can only make so many at a time. The vaccines are being distributed in phases, with priority given to people with greatest need. They may not be widely available to the general public until mid- 2021.
For now, patients should be encouraged to continue to do their part to help slow the spread of the virus, including wearing a mask, washing their hands and practicing physical distancing. | <urn:uuid:a9c3c0ef-903b-4e79-a124-cb067a4d5249> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/how-to-dispel-myths-about-the-covid-19-vaccine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.958477 | 1,446 | 3.46875 | 3 |
A French art college has apologised after a photograph of white students was digitally manipulated to make some look black in an attempt to broaden the college’s appeal in the US.
Former students of the private Émile Cohl art school in Lyon flagged up on social media that a picture taken of a group visit to a gallery had been doctored on a promotional website for the college in the US.
In the original picture, none of the students were black.
In the promotional material, among other manipulation, three students’ faces had been darkened and two people of colour were added to the picture.
After people on social media criticised the use of photo manipulation instead of giving college places to black students, the school apologised and said it had been unaware of the manipulation, which it said was carried out by a communications agency in the US.
Antoine Rivière, the college director, told L’Express he was only made aware of the altered photo when he was contacted by some fifth-year students who appeared in it.
“We had sent a certain number of documents to an American communications agency in order to highlight our college,” he said. One of the photographs had been doctored without the school’s knowledge.
The school had immediately ordered the page to be taken down and apology letters were sent out to students and parents.
“This is the opposite of what Émile Cohl represents,” Rivière added.
The school is planning to open a branch in the US in the near future. | <urn:uuid:1270b8af-eb05-49f4-9653-f759dd5bc10f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/13/white-students-made-to-look-black-on-french-college-website-in-us | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.985741 | 316 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Keeping your silver jewellery sparking throughout Summer can be tricky! Silver is a gorgeous metal but it can be prone to tarnishing – especially during these glorious summer days. Different factors can speed up this discolouration but thankfully it’s easy to get your pieces looking brand new again!
So lets get the boring bit out the way. What is tarnish?
Tarnish is thin layer of corrosion that forms over certain metals when the surface undergoes a chemical reaction. The silver can start to take on a dull grey or yellow tinge and eventually can go black. Thankfully it doesn’t damage the metal underneath though and, as I mentioned above, it’s easy to remove.
What causes tarnish and how do I prevent it?
Unfortunately it’s impossible to avoid all causes of tarnish. Sweat, sea water, creams (like suncream), perfumes, air pollution and even tap water can all contribute to the development of tarnish – however there are certain steps you can take to minimise exposure. I would recommend removing your jewellery before showering and applying any creams, deodorants etc. While at the beach you might be best to take your jewellery off and keep it in a zip lock bag in your purse. Suncreams can leave a film over your pieces and the sand is likely to buff away the polished surface. Please don’t think I’m recommending skipping the suncream though to save your jewellery – safety first!
When not wearing your jewellery storing it in an air-tight container or zip locked bag is the best way to keep it clean and shiny. I know this maybe seems like overkill (and your friends might give you funny looks when they come to visit) but trust me it works! Alternatively a jewellery box can help too. I specially select the boxes I sell my work in so they don’t cause tarnish but that’s not the case for all boxes; some are designed purely for short-term display so it’s worth checking with the maker if it’s okay to use the box for storage. You can also buy anti-tarnish pads pretty cheaply you can leave inside your jewellery box for extra protection if you like.
Help! It’s already tarnished. What do I do?
Don’t fret! There are a few ways to get your pieces looking good as new again. Polishing cloths are a quick and easy way to remove mild tarnish. I recommend a Town Talk Polishing Cloth – simply wipe over the surface of your pieces to bring the shine back!
If the cloth wont quite cut it there are other products or methods you can use. I was looking into ways of cleaning jewellery without the use of harsh chemicals and found you can remove tarnish with just baking soda & tin foil. I tried out a few ‘recipes’ I saw online (some people suggest adding more steps) but the simplest method worked the best for me. It’s a more eco-friendly option than the stuff you would buy in a shop and is gentle on the work.
You will need;
- Aluminium baking dish (aka excuse for a takeaway) or a tempered Glass bowl & Aluminium foil.
- 500ml Boiling water
- 1 tablespoon Bicarbonate of Soda
- Tongs or tweezers (to remove silver from solution)
1. Add your Bicarbonate of Soda into the aluminium dish or line the bowl with aluminium foil – shiny side up.
2. Pour in the boiling water and place the silver into your dish. (The pieces I tried took about 30 seconds to look clean.)
3. Use tongs to remove the silver pieces, rinse under a tap using washing up liquid and a soft toothbrush. You can give then give them an extra buff with your polishing cloth if you like.
And voila! My ring by fellow GET member Jane Harrison Jewellery was good as new!
Another option is a silver dip which may be a better option for more heavily tarnished pieces. I have used Town Talk again (promise this isn’t a secret advert for them it’s just a brand I have happened to use and I know works well). Simply dip your jewellery using the basket and submerge for 30 seconds – 2 mins. Although it doesn’t mention this in the instructions I would recommend running your piece under a tap and scrubbing it with a soft toothbrush (a kids one works well) & washing up liquid after removing it from the dip. It is important to remove all traces of the dip from the surface of your jewellery as it can cause more extreme tarnish to occur after. You should also always wear gloves and clean your jewellery in a well ventilated area when using silver dips as they are pretty poisonous! Don’t use Dips if your piece is not just silver as they are chemicals and can damage porous or dyed stones, pearls and enamel.
If you aren’t sure of the best way to clean your jewellery or have a piece that needs a little extra TLC just ask a jeweller! Thanks for reading and I hope you found this useful. If you have any questions feel free to email me at firstname.lastname@example.org.
You can visit my shop here; www.etsy.com/uk/shop/JewelleryByAilsa
Janes Shop; www.etsy.com/uk/shop/JHarrisonJewellery | <urn:uuid:e9144971-84d1-4ab6-b4fa-917acd680385> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.glasgowetsyteam.co.uk/keeping-your-silver-jewellery-sparkling-throughout-summer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.935578 | 1,156 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Women’s Rights Without Frontiers has filed an official Complaint against China, on the basis of continuing coercive population control under the new Two-Child Policy. Here is the text of that Complaint:
To the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women (UNCSW):
I am the founder and president of Women’s Rights Without Frontiers, a non-profit, non-partisan international coalition to combat forced abortion, gendercide and sexual slavery in China. I write to complain about coercive family planning in China.
As you know, WRWF has submitted Complaints for the past five years. While the UNCSW acknowledged receipt of these Complaints, China has never responded to them. We believe that, given the international outrage generated by forced abortion and gendercide in China, it behooves China to respond to our official Complaints.
Coercive Population Control Continues Under China’s New Two-Child Policy: New Number, Same Violence Against Women
As I testified before the Congressional-Executive Commission on China on December 12, 2015, Xinhua News Agency reported on October 29, 2015 that China would move to a two-child policy for all couples, “abandoning its decades-long one-child policy.”
Characterizing this latest modification as “abandoning” the One-Child Policy is misleading. A two-child policy will not end any of the human rights abuses caused by the One Child Policy, including forced abortion, involuntary sterilization or the sex-selective abortion of baby girls. Read the full hearing transcript here, including statements by Co-Chairs Representative Christopher Smith and Senator Marco Rubio:
China’s New “Two-Child Policy” & the Continuation of Massive Crimes Against Women and Children
Coercion is the core of the policy. Instituting a two-child policy will not end forced abortion or forced sterilization. As blind activist Chen Guangcheng succinctly tweeted:
The reason given for this adjustment is entirely demographic: “to balance population development and address the challenge of an ageing population.” The adjustment is a tacit admission that continuation of the one-child policy will lead to economic and demographic disaster. The policy was originally instituted for economic reasons. It is ironic that through this very policy, China has written its own economic death sentence.
Noticeably absent from the Chinese Communist party’s announcement is any mention of human rights. The Chinese Communist Party has not suddenly developed a conscience or grown a heart. Even though it will now allow all couples to have a second child, China has not promised to end forced abortion, forced sterilization, or forced contraception.
Indeed, the CCP has gone out of its way to emphasize that family planning restrictions will remain in force. Shortly after the announcement of the two-child policy, Vice-Minister of the National Health and Family Planning Commission Wang Peian said that “China would not abandon its family planning restrictions.” He said, “A large population is China’s basic national condition so we must adhere to the basic state policy of family planning.” He also said that “China needs to . . . promote birth monitoring” before the two-child policy comes into effect.
It appears, therefore, that China plans to maintain its iron grip over the wombs of women. The Chinese Communist Party will continue to intrude into the bedrooms and between the sheets of the families in China, requiring an arduous process to obtain a “birth permit,” a system of paid informants, and ultrasound checks to make sure that a woman’s IUD is still in place.
Coercion is the core of the policy. Instituting a two-child policy will not end forced abortion or forced sterilization.
The problem with the one-child policy is not the number of children “allowed.” Rather, it is the fact that the CCP is telling women how many children they can have and then enforcing that limit through forced abortion and forced sterilization. There is no guarantee that the CCP will cease their appalling methods of enforcement. Women will still have to obtain a government-issued birth permit, for the first and second child, or they may be subject to forced abortion. It will still be illegal for an unmarried woman to have a child. Regardless of the number of children allowed, women who get pregnant without permission will still be dragged out of their homes, strapped down to tables, and forced to abort babies that they want.
Coercion Continues After the Institution of the Two-Child Policy
According to a report published by Shanghai online news portal Sixth Tone on July 22, 2016, a Guangdong couple has been told they must have an abortion or both lose their government jobs. The wife is eight months pregnant.
The couple, surnamed Zhong, both have a child from a previous marriage. They thought that they could have a child together under China’s new Two-Child Policy, as is the case in other provinces in China. They were mistaken, under the current laws of Guangdong.
The due date of Zhong’s child is September 10. She told Sixth Tone that she felt depressed, anxious, trapped. “I can’t give up on this child, as I’m almost 40,” she said. “And it wouldn’t be easy for us to find jobs again, given our ages.” Zhong shares her anxieties on WeChat, where approximately 500 people have gathered to share similar experiences.
The Chinese Communist propaganda machine made a big deal out of its shift to a Two-Child Policy, announcing that they had “abandoned” the One-Child Policy. WRWF immediately stated that this minor modification would not end coercion, and now the proof is beginning to leak out. Our hearts go out to the Zhong family. They are brave indeed to stand up to the intense government pressure to abort at eight months or both lose their jobs. The Chinese government is doing its best to force them to have an abortion by exerting intense financial pressure. The fact that there are 500 people commiserating with them on WeChat demonstrates that they are not alone. This would indicate a pattern or practice of continuing coercion.
Another Guangdong native, He Liping, is six months pregnant. She faces a crippling fine: “I had no idea that we’re not qualified to have a second child until I went to register for a birth permit with the local neighborhood committee.” Her husband had a child before marrying her, and they have a two-year old together. She is now six months pregnant. Fines for illegal children in Foshan run 260,000 yuan ($39,000). “It’s a huge amount of money for an average family like mine,” He told Sixth Tone.
He Liping does not face joblessness, but rather a ‘terror fine.’ These fines can be up to ten times a person’s annual salary. Most people cannot afford to pay these fines and are forced to have abortions. In addition, the Chinese government announced earlier this year that they had abolished the birth permit system for first and second children. Clearly, this is not the case. [Addendum]
The Chinese Communist Party has not agreed to get out of the bedrooms of the Chinese people. The fact that Sixth Tone is a State-controlled media outlet indicates that even within the Chinese Communist Party there are those who recognize the human tragedy and appalling injustice of coercive population control.
Number of Reported Abortions in China Increased from 13 Million to 23 Million – 2015 State Department Report
In the past, the Chinese government reported 13 million abortions a year, noting that according to official Chinese sources, “The number of abortions performed is believed to be higher,” because the statistics were collected only from registered medical institutions and did not include abortions at unregistered clinics.
The 2015 State Department Report, however, states that an “official news media outlet” has reported that “at least an additional 10 million chemically induced abortions were performed in nongovernmental facilities.” The Chinese government did not provide a statistic on how many of these abortions were forced.
Adding abortions of official and unofficial facilities results in 23 million abortions a year. 23 million abortions a year comes to 63,013 abortions a day, 2625 abortions an hour, 43 per minute. The United States population is about 320 million, with about 1 million abortions per year. The population of China is almost 1.4 billion, with about 23 million abortions per year. Therefore China, with four times the population of the United States, has 23 times the number of abortions.
NIPT in the Bud
Technology spreading in China may target girls in gendercide abortions
Even as the Chinese government moves to a Two Child Policy, women’s rights in China may be in more danger than ever before – especially for baby girls.
NIPT, a prenatal diagnostic technology, analyzes fetal DNA taken from a mother’s blood to discover birth defects. However, the tool can also be used to discover a baby’s gender as early as seven weeks’ gestation – making it easier to terminate if a pregnancy is unwanted for being female. Such abuse has been documented in several countries, including the United States and Great Britain, where a government study recently showed evidence potentially linking the test with prenatal gendercide.
Reports now indicate NIPT is rapidly spreading in China, where baby girls already struggle to survive under a strong cultural preference for males.
As I stated in testimony before the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, “Where brutal son preference meets non-invasive, early sex determination of a fetus, inevitably baby girls will be selectively aborted.” (Click here to read full text of statement.)
The demand for NIPT has already grown so strong that Chinese officials last year implemented stricter regulations for its use – apparently with an eye to curbing abuses by expectant families.
Moreover, the recent change to a “Two Child Policy” makes the scenario for girls even worse: studies indicate that a pregnancy is far likelier to be aborted for being a girl if it is the second of two, rather than the only one allowed.
Such sex selective abortions, according to a 2009 British Medical Journal study, accounts for almost all the excess males in China: in other words, 37 million Chinese men will never marry because their future wives were terminated before they were born. This provides a strong demand for trafficking in women and sexual slavery in and around China.
It’s the latest link showing the Chinese Communist Party’s switch to a Two Child Policy is a switch in name only – China’s forced population control system remains the same.
Coercive Population Control Is Not the Answer to Global Warming, Sustainable Development
The theme for UNCSW 2016 was “Women’s empowerment and the link to sustainable development.” Regarding “sustainable development,” at the U.N. Climate Conference in Copenhagen in December of 2009, a senior official responsible for the coercive population control famously stated that the One Child Policy was successful in reducing carbon emissions blamed for global warming.
According to Xinhua, Zhao Baige, then-Vice Minister of China’s National Population and Family Planning Commission, stated:
“China has managed to bring down its birth rate with the family planning policy in the past 30 years, which results in less population and less carbon dioxide emission . . . Such a decline in population growth converts into a reduction of 1.83 billion tons of carbon dioxide emission in China per annum at present. . . . The policy on family planning proves to be a great success. It not only contributes to reduction of global emission, but also provides experiences for other countries, developing countries in particular, in their pursuit for a coordinated and sustainable development.”
China’s Population Policy Helps Slow Global Warming, Says Official 12/10/09 (Copenhagen) http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-12/10/content_12624315.htm
China has touted the elimination of 400 million lives under the coercive One Child Policy as an effective means to combat climate change. They have also set their population control program out as a successful example for developing nations to follow.
What the Chinese government has not mentioned is the fact that too many of these lives were prevented through forced abortion and involuntary sterilization.
Human beings are not walking carbon footprints.
Forced abortion is not a choice. It is official government rape.
UNCSW Theme: The Prevention of Violence Against Women and Girls
The UNCSW this year reviewed the 2013 theme, “the prevention of violence against women and girls.” Forced abortion and gendercide under China’s One Child Policy will continue under the two-child policy. Since the UNCSW has stated through its 2013 “Agreed Conclusions” that coercive population control should end, WRWF calls upon the U.N. to take effective action to end it.
More often than not, gendercide is not a choice either. There is a strong correlation between sex-selective abortion and coercion. Crushing social, economic, political and personal pressures in cultures with a strong son preference trample women pregnant with girls. All too often, women in these cultures do not “select” their daughters for abortion. They are forced.
For most of us, “it’s a girl” is cause for enormous joy, happiness and celebration. But in many countries, this phrase can be a death sentence. In fact, the words, “it’s a girl” are the deadliest words on earth when said at the birth of a child. According to one U.N. estimate, up to 200 million women are missing in the world today due to “gendercide,” the selective abortion, abandonment or deadly neglect of baby girls just because they are female.
This is not a political issue. This is a human rights issue that must be approached as an area of common ground. No one supports the systematic elimination of women and girls.
In China, the birth ratio of girls to boys is the most skewed in the world. The sex ratio at birth has risen from 108.5 in 1982 to almost 118 boys born for every 100 girls born in 2010.
Sons traditionally carry on the family name, work the fields, and take care of their parents in old age. A daughter joins her husband’s family at marriage. There is a saying: “Raising a girl is like watering someone else’s garden.” The One Child Policy exacerbates the underlying son preference. When couples are restricted to one child, women often become the focus of intense pressure by their husband and in-laws to ensure a boy.
A woman need not be dragged out of her home and strapped down to a table to be a victim of forced abortion. Persistent emotional pressure, estrangement from the extended family, threat of abandonment or divorce, verbal abuse, and domestic violence often overpower women who otherwise would choose to keep their daughters.
Systematic, sex-selective abortion constitutes gendercide. Because of this gendercide, there are an estimated 37 million more males than females in China today. The presence of these “excess males” is the driving force behind human trafficking and sexual slavery, not only within China but from surrounding nations as well.
China has the highest female suicide rate of any country in the world. According to the 2013 U.S. State Department China Human Rights Report, the numbers of female suicides have risen sharply in the past several years, from 500 women per day to 590.
China’s One Child Policy causes more violence against women and girls than any other official policy on earth and any other official policy in the history of the world. This is the true “War Against Women.”
The One Child Policy is causing a “senior tsunami.” The population is aging rapidly, with no young population to sustain it. According to figures provided by political economist and demographer Nicholas Eberstadt, China’s working population peaked in 2013 at about 73% and is now beginning a steady decline to 67% in 2030. Meanwhile, the ratio of China’s population, ages 55-64 to its population ages 15 to 24, will increase from about 30% in 1990 to 140% in 2030.
Bottom line: China will grow old before it grows rich. China’s population problem is not that it has too many people, but that it has too few young people.
Breast Cancer Induced by Forced Abortion Is a Violation of Women’s Rights
A medical study from China has revealed an additional way in which women are victimized by the One-Child Policy: significantly increased risk of breast cancer.
A meta-analysis of the association between induced abortion and breast cancer risk among Chinese females, dated November 24, 2013, was published by NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information, branch of the NIH, National Institute of Health.
Researchers in China have found that the dramatic rise in breast cancer in China is associated with the prevalence of induced abortions (IA) under the One-Child Policy. The study, conducted by a team of epidemiologists from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, analyzed data from over 36 different studies in both the United States and China. Their conclusion:
“IA [is] significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among Chinese females, and the risk of breast cancer increases as the number of IA increases.” Specifically, the study found that one IA increases a woman’s risk of breast cancer by 44 percent, two by 76 percent, and three by 89 percent.
The study notes that historically, China has had low breast cancer rates when compared with Western nations, but “the incidence of breast cancer in China ha[s] increased at an alarming rate over the past two decades.” The study notes that this rise “was paralleled to the one-child-per-family policy.”
In our view, the strong association of abortion and breast cancer established by this study brings the women’s rights violations under the One Child Policy to a new level: a woman pregnant in China without a birth permit is subjected to both government imposed forced abortion, and also breast cancer as a result of it. Where abortion is forced, the subsequent development of breast cancer becomes a violation of women’s rights in itself. “China: One-Child Policy Linked to Breast Cancer – Study.” http://www.womensrightswithoutfrontiers.org/blog/?p=1428. 12/2/13
It is a woman’s right to choose to give birth to her daughters. Together, China and India comprise one third of the world’s population. That one-third of the world’s women are deprived of their right to bear girls is the biggest women’s rights abuse on earth. This is the true War on Women, and it deserves a passionate response from groups that stand for women’s rights.
These problems are not confined to China and India. Female feticide happens in the United States and Canada in numbers significant enough to distort gender ratios. This is discrimination against women in its most violent form.
Women’s Rights Without Frontiers: International Advocacy
Fortunately, there is hope. Women’s Rights Without Frontiers has launched two campaigns. First is our international advocacy campaign, in which we document these atrocities and speak to governments about how we in the West are funding it through UNFPA and International Planned Parenthood. We have had some success: The European Parliament passed a Resolution and the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women in 2013 passed an “Agreed Conclusion” condemning forced abortion and state-run coercive population control.
Saving Baby Girls At-Risk in China – Our “Save a Girl” Campaign
Second, through our “Save a Girl” Campaign in rural China, we are stopping gendercide, one baby girl at a time. We have field workers in China who reach out to women who have had an ultrasound, learned that they are pregnant with a girl, and are planning to abort or abandon her. A field worker will visit that woman and say, “Don’t abort your baby just because she’s a girl. She’s a precious daughter. We will give you a monthly stipend for a year, to help you support her.”
The practical support we offer empowers these women to keep their daughters. By the time the girl is three months old, she’s laughing and smiling and the whole family is in love with her. They can’t imagine life without her and thank us for saving the life of their daughter. This is what gets me out of bed in the morning – knowing that there are babies in China who are alive today because of our efforts. It is astonishing how little money it takes to save someone’s life in China.
We are also living the mission every day, around our own kitchen table. With the help of Cong. Chris Smith and other brave souls in the United States and China, we were able to obtain safe passage from China to the United States for Anni and Ruli Zhang, the daughters of veteran pro-democracy activist Zhang Lin, who is currently serving a 3.5 year jail sentence for standing up for 10-year-old Anni’s right to go to school. My husband Robert and I have taken Anni and Ruli into our family and are raising them as our own daughters. Anni has won a piano competition and will play at Carnegie Hall in December! Anni’s mother was almost forcibly aborted at six months. Anni is a shining example of the beauty, brilliance and love that are being lost every day in China, due to forced and sex-selective abortion.
Every struggling mother in China deserves help to keep her daughter. Every little girl deserves to see the light of day.
Learn more about the “Save a Girl” campaign:
The Chinese Communist Party Will Never Relinquish Coercive Population Control
As fully explained in my Congressional testimony of April 30, 2015, the Chinese Communist Party will never relinquish coercive population control because 1) it enables them to maintain its grip on power through terror – it is social control, masquerading as population control; 2) it is a lucrative profit center, bringing in as much as $314 billion in fines since its inception; 3) it provides an infrastructure of coercion that can be used to crush dissent of any sort; and 4) it ruptures relationships of trust, so that people cannot organize for change. I believe that the Chinese Communist Party is maintaining its grip on power by shedding the blood of the innocent women and babies of China.
Sending out the message that China has “abandoned” its one-child policy is detrimental to sincere efforts to stop forced abortion and gendercide in China, because this message implies that the one-child policy is no longer a problem. In a world laden with compassion fatigue, people are relieved to cross China’s one-child policy off of their list of things to worry about. But we must not do that. Let us not abandon the women of China, who continue to face forced abortion, and the baby girls of China, who continue to face sex-selective abortion and abandonment under the new Two-Child Policy.
The one-child policy does not need to be modified. It needs to be abolished.
We respectfully request that the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women urge the Chinese government to:
*Abolish the Two-Child Policy and all forms of coercive population control;
*Offer incentives for couples to have girls;
*Offer pensions to couples who do not have a son, ensuring that parents of girls will not become impoverished in their old age;
*Abolish the hukou system, so that all children will have access to healthcare and education;
*Establish principles of Corporate Social Responsibility, to ensure that foreign corporations doing business in China do not allow coercive population control measures to be taken against their employees; and
*Defund UNFPA, unless and until UNFPA stops supporting or participating in the management of a program of coercive abortion or involuntary sterilization in China, in violation of the 1985 Kemp-Kasten Amendment.
I hope to work with you to help end this extremely serious violation of the rights of women and girls in China. Please feel free to contact me should you require any further information.
Thank you for your attention to this urgent matter.
Very truly yours,
Reggie Littlejohn, President
Women’s Rights Without Frontiers
Stop Forced Abortion – China’s War on Women! Video (4 mins)
“Why Critics Are Not Satisfied with the End of China’s One-Child Policy.” https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/10/29/why-critics-are-not-satisfied-with-the-end-of-chinas-one-child-policy/ 10/29/15; “Still No Dignity for Chinese Women.” http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/11/opinion/china-one-child-policy-still-no-dignity-for-chinese-women.html 11/11/15; “Change from One- to Two-Child Policy Won’t End Forced Abortions in China.” http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/penny-starr/human-rights-advocate-change-one-two-child-policy-wont-end-forced-abortions 10/29/15; “Horrors of One-Child Policy Leave Deep Scars in Chinese Society.” https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/horrors-of-one-child-policy-leave-deep-scars-in-chinese-society/2015/10/30/6bd28e0c-7e7b-11e5-bfb6-65300a5ff562_story.html 10/30/15
“2-Child Policy ‘to fuel growth by 0.5%.’” http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2015-11/10/content_15342620.html 11/1/15; “China Amps Up PR Campaign Extolling ‘Two-Child Policy.’” http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/11/10/china-amps-pr-campaign-extolling-two-child-policy/ 11/10/15
“China Stresses Two-Child Policy Not Yet Valid.” http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-11/10/c_134802823.htm 11/10/15; No Help for Chinese Mom Expecting Second Child: New Two-Child Policy Won’t Be Enacted in Time to Save Pro-Life Leader Facing Pressure to Abort.” http://www.worldmag.com/2015/10/no_relief_for_chinese_mom_expecting_second_child 10/30/15
“China’s Population-Control Machine Churns On.” https://www.freedomhouse.org/blog/china-population-control-machine-churns 1/13/14
Guangdong Families Told to Have Abortion or Lose Job
ADDENDUM. On August 3, 2016 – just after this Complaint was filed — an article appeared on womenofchina.cn, the English language website of the Communist Party-affiliated China Women’s Federation. The article, entitled, “Couples Not Waiting for Two-Child Policy,” stated: “Remarried couples in Guangdong province who are pregnant with their second child will not be forced to have an abortion, even though they have not yet been granted permission for a second child. The provincial population and family planning commission will also not suggest that employers dismiss or punish those who are pregnant with a second child without permission, the [provincial] commission said on Tuesday.” See, http://www.womenofchina.cn/womenofchina/html1/features/Spotlight/1608/372-1.htm
It is unclear whether the statement of the provincial commission would affect the families whose plight is discussed in Sixth Tone. For both families, three children were involved. Would the current pregnancies of Zhong and He be considered second or third children? Will they be allowed to maintain their pregnancies without losing their jobs or paying a “terror fine”? Only time will tell.
Meanwhile, the Women’s Federation article goes on to quote a remarried woman from Guangdong as saying, “Some wives who have been pregnant with their second child have had an abortion because they fear being dismissed by their employers.” The decisions of these married women to abort their second children rather than lose their jobs underscores the ongoing human agony and tragedy caused by coercive population control in China. The Women’s Federation article concludes by noting that “the birthrate in [Guangdong] – which lacks a sufficient workforce and relies on people migrating from other provinces – has remained low for decades . . .” This is the real reason for the adjustment from a One-Child Policy to a Two-Child Policy. The Chinese government has not repented of its women’s rights atrocities. Rather, it fears the inevitable economic consequences of its 35-year history of coercive population control.
We have found in our “Save a Girl” campaign that the encouragement of modest monetary support is enough to make the difference between life and death to a baby girl. “Twin Girls Saved from Abortion in China, Husband’s Family Only Wanted Boys.” http://www.lifenews.com/2014/05/30/twin-girls-saved-from-abortion-in-china-husband-family-told-wife-they-only-wanted-boys/
Related Links, 2015- 2016
Couples Not Waiting for Two-child Policy 8/3/1 http://www.womenofchina.cn/womenofchina/html1/features/Spotlight/1608/372-1.htm
China: Woman 8 Months Pregnant Forced to Abort or Lose Job http://www.nationalrighttolifenews.org/news/2016/08/china-woman-8-months-pregnant-forced-to-abort-or-lose-job/#.V6ANyK4eNRk
China’s Population Control Machine Reaches Disastrous Proportions http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/chinas-population-control-machine-reaches-disastrous-proportions/
Why Many Women in China Won’t Celebrate Mother’s Day http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/why-many-women-in-china-wont-celebrate-mothers-day-96721/
Women’s United Nations Reporting Network: Sterilizations, Fines Enforce China’s Population Control Policy http://www.wunrn.com/2016/05/china-forced-abortion-sterilization-fines-enforce-chinas-population-control-policy-data-through-2015/
Reinventing China’s Abortion Police http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-36203572
China Smuggles Vietnamese Child Brides to Bridge Gender Imbalance http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2016/04/29/china-smuggles-vietnamese-child-brides-bridge-gender-imbalance/
Exposing Inhumane, Coercive Population Control 4/28/16
State Dept. Human Rights Report Estimated 23 Million Abortions in China – More than 63,000 a Day http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/penny-starr/state-dept-human-rights-report-estimated-23-million-abortions-china-last
Federal Report: China Suppression of Rights Getting Worse, Not Better http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2016/04/18/report-china-suppression-getting-worse/
China Aborts 23 Million Per Year as Part of Government Policies that Persist https://stream.org/china-aborts-23-million-per-year-part-of-policies-that-persist/
China Kills 23 Million Unborn Babies Each Year; Forced Abortion, Sterilization Continue http://www.christiantoday.com/article/china.kills.23.million.unborn.babies.each.year.forced.abortion.sterilisation.continue.unabated.u.s.state.department/84175.htm
Human Rights Group Decries Gendercide – 200 Million Girls Killed Sex-Selective Abortions 4/14/16 http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2016/04/14/human-rights-group-decries-gendercide-200-million-girls-killed-sex-selective-abortions/
China Brags on Ending Lives to Stop Pollution http://www.onenewsnow.com/pro-life/2016/03/24/china-brags-on-ending-lives-to-stop-pollution
Women’s Rights Activist: China Policy Official Government Rape http://www.wnd.com/2016/03/womens-rights-activist-china-policy-official-government-rape/
Reggie Littlejohn to United Nations: Forced Abortion is not the answer to Climate Change http://catholicbusinessjournal.biz/content/reggie-littlejohn-united-nations-forced-abortion-not-answer-climate-change
Epoch Times – Congressional Hearing http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/15/12/5/n4588784.htm
中国大兴无创性产前测试技术 女婴堕胎趋势上升 http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/renquanfazhi/nu-12242015095303.html
China’s War on Women Continues Unabated (NIPT) http://www.onenewsnow.com/pro-life/2016/03/09/chinas-war-on-women-continues-unabated
Report: China had worst year ever for Human Rights Abuses in 2015 http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2016/03/08/report-china-had-worst-year-ever-for-human-rights-abuses-in-2015/
Activists Call for Release of Jailed Women http://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/activists-call-for-release-of-jailed-women-03082016114921.html
Catholic News Agency: Why China’s Two-Child Policy Won’t Alter Its Human Rights Horrors http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/why-chinas-two-child-policy-wont-alter-its-human-rights-horrors-57868/
China Eliminates Birth Permits, But Violators Still to Be Punished http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2016/01/08/china-eliminates-birth-permits-but-violators-still-to-be-punished/
Boost in Pre-Natal DNA Testing Could Target Girls for Sex-Selective Abortion http://www.lifenews.com/2015/12/24/boost-in-prenatal-dna-testing-could-target-girls-for-sex-selective-abortion/
The End of China’s One Child Policy 12/13/15 http://yaleglobalhealthreview.com/2015/12/13/the-end-of-chinas-one-child-policy/
中国大兴无创性产前测试技术 NIPT testing causes rise in abortion of females 女婴堕胎趋势上升 http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/renquanfazhi/nu-12242015095303.html
CBN: State-Controlled Parenting Still the Rule of Law in China http://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2015/December/State-Controlled-Parenting-Still-the-Rule-of-Law-in-China/
China’s Abortion Policy: New Name, Same Death http://www.wnd.com/2015/12/chinas-abortion-policy-new-name-same-death/
Epoch Times: China’s Two-Child Policy: Coercive Population Control Continues. http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1913381-chinas-two-child-policy-coercive-population-control-continues/
美国会听证〝二胎化〞 议员：中共控制生育甚于纳粹| 新唐人 … http://www.ntdtv.com/xtr/gb/2015/12/05/a1239789_p.html
Video: Expert Says China Will Continue forced abortions, sterilizations 11/25/15 https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/expert-chinas-new-two-child-policy-will-not-halt-abortions-sterilizations
Chinese Government Raked in Billions in Fines from One-Child, Forced-Abortion Policy. By Reggie Littlejohn. 11/23/15 http://www.lifenews.com/2015/11/23/chinese-government-raked-in-billions-in-fines-from-one-child-forced-abortion-policy/
Washington Post: Why critics are not satisfied with the end of China’s One Child Policy https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/10/29/why-critics-are-not-satisfied-with-the-end-of-chinas-one-child-policy/
Ted Cruz Blasts China’s Population Control: “If We Stand for Women, Stand Against Forced Abortions.” 11/5/15 http://www.lifenews.com/2015/11/05/ted-cruz-blasts-chinas-population-control-if-we-stand-for-women-stand-against-forced-abortions/
China Amps PR Campaign Extolling Two-Child Policy http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/11/10/china-amps-pr-campaign-extolling-two-child-policy/
Ted Cruz Slams China’s Population Control Policy http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/11/05/ted-cruz-slams-chinas-population-control-policy/
The Dissident – Victims of Communism Blog – China’s New Two-Child Policy Will Not End Forced Abortion or Gendercide http://blog.victimsofcommunism.org/chinas-new-two-child-policy-will-not-end-forced-abortion-or-gendercide/
Chicago Tribune: Horrors of China’s One Child Policy leaves deep scars in Chinese society http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-china-one-child-policy-20151031-story.html
Center for Global Strategic Monitoring. (Gordon Chang) China’s Self-Inflicted Demographic Disaster is Here http://www.cgsmonitor.com/2015/10/31/chinas-self-inflicted-demographic-disaster-is-here/
China to Allow Two Children, But Human Rights Concerns Continue http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/china-to-allow-two-children-but-human-rights-concerns-continue
End of China’s ‘One Child’ Policy Draws International Reactions http://www.voanews.com/content/end-of-china-one-child-policy-engenders-dsicussion/3030076.
China’s New Two-Child Policy Will Not End Forced Abortion or Gendercide http://www.lifenews.com/2015/10/30/chinas-new-two-child-policy-will-not-end-forced-abortion-or-gendercide/
Critics Say China’s Two-Child Ploy Changes Nothing http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/10/30/critics-say-chinas-two-child-ploy-changes-nothing/
Horrors of One Child Policy Leave Deep Scars in Chinese Society https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/horrors-of-one-child-policy-leave-deep-scars-in-chinese-society/2015/10/30/6bd28e0c-7e7b-11e5-bfb6-65300a5ff562_story.html
Human rights activists and the US government position: two-child policy is still not enough 人权人士及美国政府表态：二胎政策仍不够 (with Chen Guangcheng and Chris Smith) http://www.voachinese.com/content/human-rights-us-two-child-policy-china-20151029/3028709.html
Why critics are not satisfied with the end of China’s One Child Policy https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/10/29/why-critics-are-not-satisfied-with-the-end-of-chinas-one-child-policy/
Human Rights Advocate: Change from One- to Two-Child Policy Won’t End Forced Abortions http://cnsnews.com/news/article/penny-starr/human-rights-advocate-change-one-two-child-policy-wont-end-forced-abortions
China Admits One-Child Policy a Failure 10/29/15 http://www.wnd.com/2015/10/china-admits-1-child-policy-a-failure/
China Relaxes One Child Policy, But Control Persists (interviewed with Robert George and Chen Guangcheng) http://aleteia.org/2015/10/30/china-relaxes-one-child-policy-but-control-persists/
China Replaces One-Child Policy with Two-Child Policy 10/27/15 http://www.ewtnnews.com/catholic-news/World.php?id=12846
China replaces one-child Policy with two-child policy 10/29/15 http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/china-replaces-one-child-policy-with-two-child-policy-74705/
China Replaces One-Child Policy with Two-Child Policy 10/27/15 http://www.ewtnnews.com/catholic-news/World.php?id=12846
China Admits One-Child Policy Failure http://www.wnd.com/2015/10/china-admits-1-child-policy-a-failure/
Yale Law Grad Who Abandoned Her Career to Help Save 200 Chinese Babies (The Heritage Foundation / Daily Signal) 10/20/15 http://dailysignal.com/2015/10/20/meet-the-yale-law-grad-who-abandoned-her-career-to-help-save-200-chinese-babies/
U.S. Chinese Human Rights Activists Urge China to End Coercive Birth Control 10/16/15 中美人权人士敦促中国停止强制计生 http://www.voachinese.com/content/us-china-human-rights-aboration-20151014/3007080.html
Xi Jinping’s “Commitment” to Women’s Rights Rings Hollow, Activists Say 9/28/15 http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1777907-xi-jinpings-commitment-to-womens-rights-rings-hollow-activists-say/ | <urn:uuid:2e91e204-ad19-4a99-85d2-46f3a89b22d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.womensrightswithoutfrontiers.org/blog/two-child-policy-abuses-wrwf-files-complaint-against-china-at-the-united-nations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.902035 | 9,994 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Welcome to the home of Cairns Basketball Officials (Referees).
Referees play an integral role in any basketball game to ensure it is played in a fair and safe manner and within the rules. On this site you can find out how to become a referee, including resources to improve your officiating.
If you love basketball, want to make new friends, and contribute to the growth of Australia’s favourite sport, then the chances are you may have what it takes to become a referee and experience the following:
Earn money and work flexible hours
Be physically active and get fit
Be involved in basketball (especially if you love the game)
Gain a better understanding of basketball and its rules
Meet new people, make new friends and share many great experiences
Improve your life skills (e.g. communication, independence, confidence, decision making and awareness)
Opportunity to travel
Cairns Basketball coordinates training courses for new referees. Depending on your age, you may be trained as an Association Community referee or Association Development referee. New referees begin in a Basketball Australia green shirt and run alongside a mentor referee who will train new referees over a number of weeks.
All referees are coached and observed by referee coaches and senior referees who provide feedback and solutions to areas for improvement. Most referees improve through match experience which is gained each week by being faced with challenges that you learn to overcome. With this experience and knowledge come better opportunities to referee higher quality games and an increase in payrates.
The below diagram shows the pathway for referees in Australia from learning to become a referee to state, national and international accreditation. Please contact Cairns Basketball Junior Referee Development Manager to understand where you
might fit in with the Basketball Queensland and Cairn Basketball accreditation systems. For further information please contact
Cairns Basketball Junior Referee Development Manager
P: 07 4041 2145 | <urn:uuid:ea2b0bbf-7ccb-4a5c-a4a3-0c53f51f953d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cairnsbasketball.com/referees/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.937761 | 431 | 1.546875 | 2 |
5Star Bank offers a variety of accounts. They offer personal deposit and business accounts. These include:
5Star Bank has low amounts required to open their accounts. The E-Checking requires $50. The 5Star checking and the basic savings account require $100 to open. Both the money market account and the different CD terms require $1,000 to open.
The 5Star checking account refunds up to five ATM transactions fees per month. You must keep at least $1,000 in the checking account to have ATM transactions refunded. The E-Checking account does not offer ATM reimbursement.
The basic 5Star savings account offers competitive rates. The rates are higher than typical brick-and-mortar rates. This account only requires $100 to open and keep in the account to waive the monthly fee. Any amount in the account earns the competitive rate. These rates are not tiered.
To earn the most competitive rates for the money market account requires an account balance over $1 million. Any balance over $1,000 does earn interest but a lower rate. The rates gradually increase the more money you have in the account.
Most 5Star Bank accounts have monthly maintenance fees. The savings account fee is $2. The money market fee is $5, and the checking account fee is $7. Waive each of these fees by keeping a set amount in the accounts. Those balances range from $100 to $1,000, depending on the account.
5Star has daily limits for your debit card. The limit for point of sale purchases is $1,000 per day. The daily limit for ATM withdrawals is $300.
Accounts through 5Star Bank are not available to open entirely online. To open the accounts, you need to visit a branch location. You may be able to open the accounts through the mail. Contact customer service for more information.
Third Federal accounts have low opening required amounts. The high yield checking account requires $10 to open. CDs only require $500 to open. Third Federal money market account requires a high amount. That account requires $5,000 to open.
Third Federal offers a variety of accounts. Those accounts include personal deposit and business accounts. Those accounts include checking, savings, and money market accounts. The CDs range in terms from 30-days to 10-years. Lending and credit cards are also offered through Third Federal.
The Third Federal Online Savings Plus account is an entirely online account. This account requires $5,000 to open and to earn interest. There are no monthly fees and no limit on monthly transactions.
Interest rates for Third Federal accounts are competitive. They are higher than other brick and mortar bank accounts. The interest rates are competitive with other online accounts.
Third Federal accounts have tiered interest rates. The money market and savings account require a balance of $100,000 to earn the best interest rates. The checking account requires a $25,000 balance to earn the best rate. Balances under these amounts earn interest, just not the most competitive rate.
Third Federal CDs have high penalties for withdrawing money before the maturity date. CDs from one to three years require six months’ worth of interest. CD terms over four years require 18 months’ worth of earned interest.
The Third Federal checking account has a monthly fee. The fee is $7 a month. Waive that fee by keeping an average daily balance of $1,500 in the account. That average balance can come from all Third Federal accounts or just your checking account.
Not all Third Federal account can be opened online. To open a money market or checking account must be in a branch location. You can open a savings account and CDs longer than 6-month terms online. | <urn:uuid:2de650c8-d53d-42b2-96e0-e915bbc91609> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://banktruth.org/compare-banks/5star-bank-vs-third-federal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.936494 | 763 | 1.53125 | 2 |
A small step for women but a big step for NASA! So far only fully male or mixed crews have gone out into space. Last Tuesday, the US Space Agency confirmed to CNN information that was already circulating on social networks since last week. For the first time, a 100% female duo will make an outing in space.
A ‘women only’ space escapade
A tweet dated March 1st announced this next spacewalk. And it’s not just anyone!
‘I just learned that I will be at the helm of the FIRST ALL-FEMALE SPACEWALK with @AstroAnnimal and @Astro_Christina and I cannot contain my excitement!!!!’ said Kristen Facciol, the Canadian Space Agency space controller who will guide the two astronauts Anne McClain and Christina Koch.
A fourth woman has been added to the ISS extravehicular ride since Mary Lawrence will be the flight director. The expedition is scheduled for March 29th and should last 7 hours. It will allow the American woman, who is due to join the station on March 14th, to replace batteries installed last summer.
11% of astronauts in space are women
And it was time for things to evolve, as these statistics show.
For the 60 years that space flight has existed, only 4 space expeditions have included two female members in their crews. And as The Guardian reminded us, less than 11% of the 500 people who have been sent into space are women. Crews on extravehicular expeditions were either 100% male or made up of men and women.
A flawed lack of parity that is starting to be compensated at the end of the month by Anne McClain and Christina Koch, both from the 2013 NASA team... A team that is 50% female... A good start, certainly late, but a good start. | <urn:uuid:084c58dd-226f-4f38-b53f-358d71490d72> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ohmymag.co.uk/viral/a-100-female-astronaut-crew-will-finally-head-out-into-space_art3501.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.961704 | 382 | 2.3125 | 2 |
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