text stringlengths 160 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 2
values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1
value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 48 145k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Installation. An 8-channel (8x) 45-minute composition from recordings of whispering voices, looped; 8 speakers and haze. Work made for the Focus: Statements exhibition at Copenhagen Contemporary, Denmark, 2020
New sound installation by Jacob Kirkegaard in which multiple voices whisper the over 100 names that different cultures have used to describe ice and snow in all its forms. The names are spoken in eight languages; Danish, Faroese, Finnish, Greenlandic, Icelandic, Norwegian, Russian and Swedish, and are distributed over eight speakers throughout a bunker next to the Copenhagen Contemporary building.
The omnipresent and steadily whispering recitals of such names as Dead Ice, Frost Smoke, Glacier Tongue, Old Ice, Rotten Ice, Sastrugi, Tide Crack and Whiteout in eight Nordic languages is a subtle but persistent statement and tribute - not only to an undeniably disappearing phenomenon in times of globally rising temperatures but - to a vocabulary of words melting away as well.
The title of the work is quoted from Robert Frost’s poem Fire and Ice from 1920 which imagines the end of the world. The names for ice and snow were collected from a Glossary of Snow and Ice published by the Scott Polar Research Institute in 1966.
Anna Katrin Øssursdóttir Egilstrøð, Anna von Hausswolff, Inuk Silis Høegh, Tuomas A. Laitinen, Tine Surel Lange, Runar Magnusson, Uilu Pedersen, Katinka Fogh Vindelev and Katerina Zavolokina.
Jacob Kirkegaard © 2019 | <urn:uuid:915cb78e-578f-4fee-9317-e4900c3a9bc4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fonik.dk/works/somesay.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.888063 | 342 | 1.898438 | 2 |
A group of kids in a small, conservative Southern town discover punk rock music. Over the next two decades, they would create their scene from the ground up: one of the youngest, most exciting and innovative hubs for music in the country. Like most small town scenes, Little Rock's was never discovered. But, the Little Rock scenesters built a community of artists with methods, goals and ideals that were all their own. "Towncraft" ￢ﾀﾓ through film, words and music - is an anatomy of a scene: an intimate portrait of a small American town and how it is affected by its music scene. "Towncraft" examines how participating and producing in a local music scene can change your life. | <urn:uuid:61492df4-cdc0-4099-8dc4-67e0f5303eb6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shopping.yahoo.com/product/00881131000837/Towncraft?pid=walmart_transaction_16318755 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.973815 | 151 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Author(s): Markus Wilczek, Walter Tewes, Sebastian Engelnkemper, Svetlana V. Gurevich, and Uwe Thiele
A statistical model of drops merging and splitting as they slide down an inclined plane shows that the drop ensemble properties converge to a near stationary state.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 204501] Published Tue Nov 14, 2017 | <urn:uuid:94d42d9d-b51e-43c7-a6bc-f8fbdbfa27f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.fyysika.ee/?p=667688 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.867823 | 87 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Can a doctor make you sick? Many times, we hear a bit of health information from the television or newscast and immediately think, "Yea, that will work. That's what I need." But taking that approach more often than not, may steer us in the wrong direction to better health. In my latest video, I delve into the psychology of why there is a fascination with television doctors. It's important to question the information the medical profession as to whether it applies to you and how you can become your own citizen scientist.
Bonus: If you are interested in starting on the process of becoming the healthiest you and what the first step is to getting the most out of your foods, you can download a free eBook on what I believe plays the most important role in ensuring the best digestion of the healthy foods you eat. (Click here to get your free copy).
I believe we have a responsibility to provide the world with our gifts to help others find their own health emotionally, mentally, physically, and spiritually. | <urn:uuid:9476c5b3-f7d8-4e64-921a-db5abb6ca38a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.jaredspropops.com/videos/is-your-doctor-making-you-sick | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.961707 | 232 | 1.726563 | 2 |
- 1 How do you level uneven concrete steps?
- 2 How do you fix a wobbly concrete step?
- 3 Can you Mudjack concrete stairs?
- 4 Can you resurface concrete steps?
- 5 How much does it cost to fix concrete steps?
- 6 How much does it cost to redo concrete steps?
- 7 How do you stick new concrete to old concrete?
- 8 How do you attach concrete to old concrete?
- 9 Can crumbling concrete be repaired?
- 10 How do you jack up concrete steps?
- 11 Do concrete overlays last?
- 12 What is the best concrete resurfacer?
- 13 How do you get paint to stick to concrete?
How do you level uneven concrete steps?
Use the concrete trowel to spread on the cement on the treads of the stairs or steps. Don’t make the cement too thick. Rather use just enough cement to fill in gaps or uneven spaces. Use a level or straight edge to find the areas where there are dips and gaps.
How do you fix a wobbly concrete step?
Paint a thin layer of concrete bonding adhesive over the entire area that requires repaired. The bonding adhesive will help the cement patch attach to the old surface, creating a firm new hold. Follow instructions on the adhesive, as most will need five to 10 minutes to cure before you can apply the patch.
Can you Mudjack concrete stairs?
The only way to fix the problem is to re-stabilize the structure, which can only be done through concrete stairs leveling. Technicians drill holes on the surface of your concrete stairs and inject a grout beneath the surface of the stairs that raises the sunken portion of the staircase.
Can you resurface concrete steps?
Tip: Before resurfacing concrete steps, remove any stains from oil, paint or tree sap, or cover them with a sealer before applying concrete to keep the stain from bleeding through. Begin by dampening the area with water. Repair superficial damage by applying a layer of concrete patch with a mason’s trowel.
How much does it cost to fix concrete steps?
The national average cost to repair concrete steps ranges from $100 to $300 per hour, while most homeowners pay less than $500 for the entire job. Most specialists charge by the hour for concrete step repair, and the total time and project cost will depend on the condition and number of steps you need to repair.
How much does it cost to redo concrete steps?
On average, concrete steps cost around $2,000. Most projects range between $900 and $5,000. Where your price falls depends on the number of steps and the size of the staircase you need. Pouring cement is about $300 per step at 2 feet wide and 11 inches deep, including materials and labor.
How do you stick new concrete to old concrete?
Method 2 of 2: Pouring a New Slab over an Existing One
- Mix one part polybond with 4 parts water.
- Add the mixture to clean dry cement powder.
- Mix until a slurry like consistency is achieved.
- Brush this slurry mix onto old concrete slab.
- Pour new concrete while mixture is still wet.
How do you attach concrete to old concrete?
When using a liquid bonding agent, paint the bonder onto the existing concrete and allow it to dry until it is tacky. This usually takes only a few minutes. Then apply the repair material. Just as in the process described above, after the bonder has become tacky apply a scratch coat and then apply the repair material.
Can crumbling concrete be repaired?
The Cure for Crumbling Concrete Steps
As long as the steps are structurally sound—meaning, they’re not spalling, flaking, or broken all the way through—you can repair most surface issues. If your patch is thicker, build the vinyl concrete patcher up in ¼ inch applications.
How do you jack up concrete steps?
It is a doable project, but one that requires the rental of a lifting machine and extreme caution.
- Dig out all around the concrete steps with a shovel.
- Drill four holes into your concrete steps with a hammer drill.
- Drive a concrete colt sleeve into each hole.
- Screw your eye bolts into the holes you just drilled.
Do concrete overlays last?
Concrete overlays are only as good as the surface, it is being applied to. You need to keep in mind that if the concrete is cracked or surfacing up, then the overlay will also break and come up. You need to be sure that if the concrete is heavily damaged, your overlay won’t last long.
What is the best concrete resurfacer?
The best concrete resurfacing material is the Quikrete Concrete Resurfacer (No 1131). The QUIKRETE® Concrete Resurfacer (No. 1131) is a special blend of Portland cement, sand, polymer modifiers and other additives.
How do you get paint to stick to concrete?
Use a trisodium phosphate solution or strong detergent to scrub the floor. Sanding with coarse emery paper may be required to give the old surface a rough texture for good paint bonding. Test a small area to make sure the new paint will adhere. | <urn:uuid:c30dc61d-15f7-4fee-a875-a69c561f7c06> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://haenerblock.com/faq/often-asked-how-to-level-concrete-steps.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.891024 | 1,122 | 1.703125 | 2 |
If you own a Chromebook where the AUE date is about to expire you may have taken advantage of enabling the Lacros flags. By enabling Lacros flags on your Chromebook you can continue to use your device safely, even after the AUE date has expired.
This is great news for anyone who is worried about what to do once their device stops receiving updates. If you’re not in a position to go out and buy a new computer, enabling Lacros will add a few more years to your existing Chromebook or Chromebox.
How Lacros works is by separating ChromeOS and the browser, which by default are integrated. It’s this integration, which makes the Chrome browser start up instantly once you’ve entered your login details. At the moment you may have noticed that Lacros, where the browser and OS are separated; takes a little longer to boot up the browser once you’ve entered your login details. Thankfully, About Chromebooks has spotted something that will change all that.
Why is the Lacros browser slower?
Firstly, the Lacros browser works just fine once you’ve opened the browser on your Chromebook. You shouldn’t experience any difference in performance compared to using the Chrome browser, which comes with ChromeOS as standard.
The issue is more to do with how long it takes for the browser to boot up after you’ve launched the browser. The fact that ChromeOS is known for being an incredibly fast OS to use. It’s pretty easy to see how you could notice a difference when things start to slow down.
The Lacros browser is a Linux based version of Chrome. To ensure ChromeOS stays secure Linux based apps are launched within a container. When you launch your Lacros browser this process can make your browser open a little slower than you’d be expecting.
How will Google fix it?
Although the difference in booting up the Lacros browser compared to the standard Chrome browser is minimal. Any change in how quick the browser boots up may be noticeable.
The good news is Google isn’t about to let ChromeOS get a reputation for being slow. After all, this is one of the key selling points for the Chromebook, that it’s much faster than any other computer you may have used. How frustrating is it when you login to a Microsoft computer where it can take a further few minutes before any of your actions are registered? It’s one of the reasons why I stopped using MS computers. It’s utterly annoying!
To deal with this problem Google will be changing the code a little. If you have Lacros enabled on your Chromebook the script for running the browser will start as soon as you get to the login screen. You’ll not notice any difference as it will all be happening in the background. You’ll simply login with your password as normal and by the time you get to the ChromeOS desktop, the browser will be ready to open without any delay.
This is great news
This is what I love about Google and ChromeOS. Considering we have had the luxury of using ChromeOS for over ten years. It would have been really easy for Google to give us all the new features we’ve seen over the years, without considering how this would impact performance.
It’s pretty amazing really when you think about it. ChromeOS is far more advanced than it once was, yet we still enjoy a boot up time of about seven seconds. Once you’re at the desktop your Chromebook is ready for action. This is just one of the reasons why I love my ChromeOS computers so much.
It’s really good to see that Google isn’t about to let this change. Introducing Lacros is a huge task for the ChromeOS team, and it’s great to see they are making sure its implementation will not impact the performance we’ve come to expect when using our Chromebooks.
If you’ve not yet made the switch to ChromeOS or are looking for an upgrade. Take a look at my Top Ten Chromebooks in 2022. | <urn:uuid:e3f87a9c-3b14-4578-a004-4468b0273bf4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chromecomputing.com/the-lacros-browser-on-chromeos-will-boot-up-faster-in-the-future/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.931461 | 850 | 1.796875 | 2 |
A taxable event is any event or occurrence that results in a tax liability. All investors or parties that pay taxes experience taxable events. Two examples of taxable events are if an investor receives dividends or realizes capital gains.
Although a party should focus on generating profits, it should also focus on limiting its tax liabilities. For example, suppose an investor owns a stock that pays dividends of 60 cents per share on a quarterly basis. The investor owns 1,000 shares of the stock and will receive $2,400 for the year and will be taxed on the dividends she receives.
Another taxable event is a capital gain. A capital gain occurs when there is an increase in the value of an investment in capital or real estate asset above a party's purchase price. A capital gain is unrealized until the asset is sold for a profit.
For example, suppose an investor owns a mutual fund and it has accumulated $200,000. The investor's initial investment in the mutual fund was $50,000. If the investor sells all of his holdings in the mutual fund, it will be considered a taxable event.
Suppose the investor wants to sell $150,000 worth of his shares in his mutual fund to buy a house. Since the shares of the mutual fund have appreciated in value, it would result in a taxable event. The investor calculates that he would owe a capital gains tax of $15,000 if he sells his shares and decides to hold off on buying a house. He is not taxed because the sale of his shares of the mutual fund did not occur. | <urn:uuid:c358f3a3-162e-43df-833d-b2b6fb47fd5a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/033115/what-are-some-examples-different-taxable-events.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.976888 | 316 | 3.125 | 3 |
History of Science: Analyzing the Past, Shaping the Future
RWTH Aachen will host a conference on the occasion of the 50-year anniversary of the Research Unit for Economics, Social History and History of Technology
In collaboration with the Aachen Competence Center for the History of Science AKGW, the Research Unit for Economics, Social History and History of Technology (WISOTECH) headed by Professor Paul Thomes will host a public conference on February 15, 2019.
Under the motto of “Analyzing the Past, Shaping the Future,” the conference explores the ways in which the discipline contributes to shaping the future. It provides a look back on methods and topics of the discipline and provides a glimpse of future directions.
The eleven lectures offer a broad range of topics, including on the question of whether Industry 4.0 can be rightfully termed the fourth industrial revolution.
The conference will take place at IHK Aachen, Theaterstraße 6-10. For further information, please refer to the conference program. Please note that the lectures will be given in German. | <urn:uuid:d4997d34-a1e4-4b73-86da-4e001754f832> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rwth-aachen.de/cms/root/Die-RWTH/Aktuell/Pressemitteilungen/Februar-2019/~srlp/Wissenschaftsgeschichte-gibt-kritischen/?lidx=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.879692 | 226 | 1.96875 | 2 |
What are the stages of food poisoning
But on average, food poisoning symptoms begin within two to six hours after consuming contaminated food.
Symptoms of food poisoning vary by the type of contaminate….What are the symptoms?watery diarrhea.nausea.vomiting.abdominal pain.headache.fever..
Does Salmonella go away on its own
Most people don’t need to seek medical attention for a salmonella infection because it clears up on its own within a few days.
How do you get food poisoning from chicken
Treating food poisoningrest as much as possible.eat when you feel up to it – sticking to small, light and non-fatty meals at first (bland foods such as toast, crackers, rice and bananas are good choices)avoid alcohol, caffeine, fizzy drinks and spicy and fatty foods because they may make you feel worse.Dec 16, 2020
Should I throw up if I ate raw chicken
What to do after ingesting it. If a person thinks that they have eaten raw or undercooked chicken, they should wait and see whether symptoms of foodborne illness develop. It is not advisable to try to induce vomiting, as this may cause unnecessary harm to the gut.
What does uncooked chicken look like
Texture: Undercooked chicken is jiggly and dense. It has a slightly rubbery and even shiny appearance. Practice looking at the chicken you eat out so that you can identify perfectly-cooked chicken every time. Overcooked chicken will be very dense and even hard, with a stringy, unappealing texture.
How do I know if I have food poisoning from chicken
Do not wash raw chicken.High fever (temperature more than 102°F)Diarrhea for more than 3 days that is not improving.Bloody stools.Prolonged vomiting that prevents you from keeping liquids down.Signs of dehydration, such as: Making very little urine. Dry mouth and throat. Dizziness when standing up.
What are the chances of getting salmonella from chicken
In the U.S., it’s simply accepted that salmonella may be on the raw chicken we buy in the grocery store. In fact, about 25 percent of raw chicken pieces like breasts and legs are contaminated with the stuff, according to federal data. Not all strains of salmonella make people sick.
How quickly does food poisoning kick in
Symptoms begin 30 minutes to 8 hours after exposure: Nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps.
What are the symptoms of being slowly poisoned
General symptoms of poisoning can include:feeling and being sick.diarrhoea.stomach pain.drowsiness, dizziness or weakness.high temperature of 38C (100.4F) or above.chills (shivering)loss of appetite.headache.More items…
How do you diagnose food poisoning
Doctors often diagnose food poisoning based on your symptoms. If your symptoms are mild and last only a short time, you typically won’t need tests. In some cases, a medical history, a physical exam, stool tests, and blood tests can help diagnose food poisoning.
How long does it take to get food poisoning from chicken
The symptoms of salmonella food poisoning often come on quickly, usually within 8 to 72 hours after consuming contaminated food or water. Symptoms may be aggressive and can last for up to 48 hours. Typical symptoms during this acute stage include: abdominal pain, cramping, or tenderness.
How long after eating bad chicken do you get sick
Signs and symptoms may start within hours after eating the contaminated food, or they may begin days or even weeks later. Sickness caused by food poisoning generally lasts from a few hours to several days.
What should I do if I ate bad chicken
In some cases, severe food poisoning can require hospitalization and even lead to death ( 10 , 11 ). If you suspect that your chicken is spoiled, do not eat it. It’s always best to discard chicken that you suspect has gone bad. Eating spoiled chicken can cause food poisoning, even if it’s cooked thoroughly.
How do I know if it’s food poisoning or a stomach virus
Bloody diarrhea is more likely to be a symptom of food poisoning. Projectile vomiting and stomach cramps are often caused by the norovirus, a type of stomach virus. Stomach viruses take longer to develop but usually go away in about 24 to 28 hours after symptoms begin. Food poisoning often lasts longer.
Do you always vomit with food poisoning
In fact, food poisoning often results in an initial bout of forceful, projectile vomiting. For some people it subsides, while others continue to vomit intermittently ( 10 ). If you’re vomiting continuously and can’t keep fluids down, you should seek help from a doctor or pharmacist to avoid becoming dehydrated.
Is slightly pink chicken okay
The USDA says that as long as all parts of the chicken have reached a minimum internal temperature of 165°, it is safe to eat. … The USDA further explains that even fully cooked poultry can sometimes show a pinkish tinge in the meat and juices.
Can you get sick from slightly undercooked chicken
It is true that if you eat undercooked chicken, you run the risk of contracting potentially lethal bacteria. … Campylobacter can also invade your system if you eat undercooked poultry or food that has touched undercooked poultry. According to WebMD, it can cause diarrhea, bloating, fever, vomiting, and bloody stools.
What are the 4 types of food poisoning
At least 250 different kinds of food poisoning have been documented, but the most common ones are e. coli, listeria, salmonella, and norovirus, which is commonly called “stomach flu.” Other less common illnesses that can be transferred from food or food handling are botulism, campylobacter, vibrio, and shigella. | <urn:uuid:9a4c21c8-2bf6-49d7-8403-4201349c5a60> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://allaboutcomputersolutions.com/qa/quick-answer-how-quickly-can-you-get-food-poisoning-from-chicken.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.93499 | 1,240 | 2.5 | 2 |
by Kate Schapira and Erika Howsare
$16.00 | July 2016
Domestic Shipping Only
In a welter of waste, which blooms off every spent milk jug and engineered riverbed, a scavenger traverses the remains of a world. The wastenaut is “one sick tree in an orange grove, a lost shred of tire on concrete, a broadcast breaking up near Saturn.” Among the detritus, Kate Schapira and Erika Howsare map responsibility and habit, power and self-satisfaction, loss and change. “The landfill is no land at all; it’s a place at the end of land, which we fill with what will never turn into land, and then it does, it quakes, it emits, just like us. If you could only be a scavenger, would you rather not live?” Language, cells, people, materials, life forms and systems in FILL: A Collection accumulate, rot, revise, transform, degrade, but never disappear.
About the Authors
Kate Schapira is the author of five full-length books of poetry, most recently Handbook For Hands That Alter As We Hold Them Out (Horse Less Press), and eleven chapbooks. She lives in Providence, RI, where she writes, teaches, co-runs the Publicly Complex Reading Series, and periodically offers Climate Anxiety Counseling.
Erika Howsare is the author of several previous chapbooks and has served as an editor at Horse Less Press since 2005. She lives in rural Virginia, where she mothers full-time and works as a journalist. | <urn:uuid:dfef37ac-700c-4b85-ba57-0424a11b44ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tremblingpillowpress.com/fill-a-collection/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.949649 | 340 | 1.828125 | 2 |
What is pulmonary embolism?
A sudden blockage in a lung artery that often involves a blood clot in the leg.
What causes pulmonary embolism?
The cause is usually a blood clot in the leg called deep vein thrombosis that breaks loose and travels through the bloodstream to the lung. A serious condition, a pulmonary embolism can cause permanent damage to the affected lung, low oxygen levels in the blood and damage to other organs. If a clot is large – or there are many – a pulmonary embolism can lead to death.
What are the symptoms of pulmonary embolism?
Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath and coughing up blood. If you have a blood clot, your leg may hurt. It also may be red and feel warm, tender and swollen.
How does Ohio State diagnose pulmonary embolism?
Your doctor will check your legs for signs of deep vein thrombosis, as well as your blood pressure and heart and lungs. You also may undergo diagnostic tests, including an ultrasound, a computed tomography (CT) scan and a pulmonary angiography.
How does Ohio State treat pulmonary embolism?
Treatment focuses on breaking up clots and keeping other clots from forming.
Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute | <urn:uuid:561addf3-ce80-4b36-9e38-71d22c52ce17> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medicine.osu.edu/sitecore/content/wexnermedical/home/healthcare-services/lung-pulmonary/pulmonary-embolism | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.93438 | 271 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Continuing from yesterday, excerpts from classified Soviet archives on the Balkans, published by the Institute of Balkan Studies in Thessaloniki and reproduced in this paper, deal with the crisis in Soviet-Albanian relations following the death of Stalin. After 1945, Albania was not only the Soviet Union’s observation post on the Adriatic Sea but its military bridgehead as well. At the port of Vlore (Avlona), the Soviets constructed a large submarine base, their only military facility in the Mediterranean Sea, which served as their base of operations for observing and monitoring American naval forces. After the denunciation of Stalin and the rapprochement between Belgrade and Moscow, Albanian leader Enver Hoxha began to hurl accusations of revisionism, opportunism, social imperialism against Soviet First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev and to flirt with China. In turn, the Kremlin used the Vlore base to blackmail its uppity comrades in Tirana. Well aware of the regime’s paranoid fear of supposedly imminent imperialistic attack, the Soviets threatened to close the base if the Albanians refused to allow it to operate with only Soviet sailors, and not with mixed crews as provided for in the agreement. The document that follows (marked classified) gives the minutes of the discussion at the crucial meeting of the Warsaw Pact’s Political Consultative Committee on March 29, 1961. The meeting continues. Comrade Ulbricht presiding. Nikita Sergeievich Khrushchev, head of the Soviet delegation, is to speak. KHRUSHCHEV: Dear comrades, I would like to make certain observations with respect to the actions of the Albanian comrades, who recently have deviated from the agreed foreign policy line of the countries of the socialist bloc. (…) The naval base at Vlore can no longer practically carry out the duties for which it was set up. It has no substantial military capacity, it has been paralyzed. Under present circumstances, keeping it has no meaning. The Vlore base has proved to be source of friction and has therefore resulted in even worse relations with Albania. Apart from this, given the present conditions at the base, we have no guarantee against possible provocation. If the Albanian comrades believe that the continued sojourn of our sailors and fleet is essential to the Warsaw Pact and above all, the defense of Albania, then they must agree that the base will accommodate only Soviet sailors… [EAST GERMAN HEAD OF STATE WALTER] ULBRICHT: The head of the delegation from the People’s Republic of Albania, [Defense Minister] Beqir Balluku, has asked to speak. BALLUKU:. ..The Vlore naval base, which was set up on the initiative of the Central Committee of the Party of Labor of Albania and with joint obligations by the Albanian and Soviet governments that were defined by a common agreement, is the only base the socialist bloc possesses in the Mediterranean Sea and is of huge importance to the defense of Albania and all socialist countries. The existence of this base on the shores of the Adriatic means the southern borders of the socialist bloc are not to be found in the Black Sea but at Gibraltar. Dismantling this base would benefit only the enemies of the socialist bloc and the Soviet Union. That’s why we insist on a joint Soviet-Albanian base on Albanian soil, according to the terms of the agreements that have been signed. Bone of contention KHRUSHCHEV: Dear comrades, I’m obliged to make a statement. This is not a question of big or small countries. We went to Albania after an invitation by the Party of Labor of Albania and the government. I was the head of the Soviet delegation. We embraced, we kissed, comrade Enver Hoxha and I. I believed him. I sincerely trusted him. When the Albanian economy had to be reconstructed, the comrades appealed to us and we sent them, without having received any formal request, everything that was needed. Now, comrades, they want to inculpate the USSR. It is not feasible for the base to stay there any further. The base has become a bone of contention. What can we expect in the future? We say, «Here there is an irregularity;» you say, «Everything is regular.» You say, «Why are you bitter, what do you want?» We say to you, «If we are a large country, can a small country come and spit at us and we simply wipe it off and and ask, ‘What are you doing?’» No, we’re not like that. This base is vitally necessary to us, but it has been paralyzed for over a year now. The way we have ended up, it’s a mere fleabite for the Americans, which is why the American Sixth Fleet must always be happy about it. But what has remained, comrades? Twelve submarines, with old equipment, I might add, which is now obsolete, because they [the submarines] are equipped with old underwater torpedoes. These are weapons, as the sailors know, which date back to the civil war and have a range of 5-7 kilometers. We are jettisoning this equipment now, because we are equipping our submarines with air missiles, which have a range of dozens and hundreds of kilometers, and target guided missiles. (…) We can, without a base, have such equipment… and we will make our presence felt to the Americans… The submarine fleet is not decisive for the balance of power. Fortunately for us, (…) we are equipped with very good missiles, as we have demonstrated. | <urn:uuid:3e3b571d-9f75-4a3d-9772-34600f0b9867> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ekathimerini.com/news/14073/soviets-bully-albania-over-its-one-balkan-base/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.958113 | 1,157 | 1.914063 | 2 |
More than half of people with learning disabilities in employment say their first job helped them gain independence, according to Mencap’s First Employment survey.
The survey of just over a thousand adults with learning disabilities over 16 was published as part of Mencap’s Learning Disability Week, which has employment as its theme this year.
The First Employment survey also found that many people with learning disabilities said they were taught skills that continued to benefit them throughout their lives, including communication, punctuality, learning how to manage money and vocational skills including typing.
Currently, there are 800,000 people with a learning disability who are of a working age, although only one in 10 of those known to social services are currently in paid work.
Dame Jo Williams, chief executive of Mencap said: “Research shows that 65% of people with a learning disability would jump at the opportunity of paid work. They thrive in the work environment, just as everyone else does, but need employers to give them the opportunity to prove themselves.”
Learning Disability Week runs until June 21. | <urn:uuid:ee707a21-3876-486c-b853-05b47317e97e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.communitycare.co.uk/2008/06/19/mencap-most-people-with-learning-disabilities-want-a-job/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.988317 | 231 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Trump’s immigration crackdown is going to crush the economy—and one sector in particular
- President Trump's immigration policy is a threat to the economy.
- Trump plans to greatly expand Border Patrol and immigration forces to deport more undocumented immigrants, who account for an estimated 3 percent of GDP.
- This means job losses on scale not seen since the Great Recession.
- Agriculture will take a particularly hard hit as an estimated 50 to 70 percent of farm workers are undocumented immigrants.
President Trump appears to have backed off of his plans to force funding for his Mexican border wall into the current budget but he's still seeking $314 million to add hundreds more Border Patrol agents and Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers.
Creating a deportation force of this magnitude could cost our economy $5 trillion over a 10-year period, according to a study by Queens College professor, Francesc Ortega.
The study assumes our labor force includes 7 million undocumented workers who account for 3 percent of our GDP; deporting millions of undocumented immigrants would create job losses not seen since the Great Recession.
And do you know the industry that would likely be most affected? Agriculture – the very industry Trump and Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross have been defending recently. An estimated 50 percent to 70 percent of farm workers are undocumented.
Some farm workers are already starting to leave the country for fear of being deported. But, if farmers lost all access to undocumented workers it could cause agricultural output to plunge by $30 billion to $60 billion and it could force food prices higher by 5 percent to 7 percent, according to a study by the by the American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF).
A big lie used by anti-immigration supporters is that immigrants take jobs away from native-born Americans, but the numbers do not agree when it comes to farming. Even when farmers raise wages, many say they don't get more than a few Americans applying for their jobs. And, even when an American applies and accepts a job — many don't come back the second day. It's hard, back-breaking work and it's seasonal and migratory — something most Americans don't want to do.
Our country needs more immigrants, not a deportation force or a border wall. Even if Trump wasn't cracking down on immigrants, the U.S. labor force is undergoing a massive shift as baby boomers retire. It's been estimated that close to 59 million workers will have left the workforce between 2010-2030, with only 51 million native born workers (third generation or higher) entering the labor force. Unless immigrants and children of immigrants enter the labor force in all industries, we will have a labor gap that will prevent us from creating the output we need and generating the growth necessary to keep America great.
Instead of wasting taxpayer's time and money with talks of a wall and a deportation force, our government should be focused on creating an immigration system that legalizes undocumented workers, and welcomes new, hardworking immigrants into our society and labor force.
Commentary by Julissa Arce is author of the book, "My (Underground) American Dream." Arce made national and international headlines when she revealed that she had achieved the American Dream of wealth and status working her way up to vice president at Goldman Sachs by age 27 while being an undocumented immigrant from Mexico. She currently works with the Ascend Educational Fund, a scholarship program for immigrant students in New York City. Follow her on Twitter @julissaarce.
For more insight from CNBC contributors, follow @CNBCopinion on Twitter.
Satellite images show Russian warplanes destroyed in Crimea; Latvia names Russia a terrorism sponsor
CEO posts crying selfie on LinkedIn after laying off employees—and it goes viral
Self-made millionaire: 'Don't buy a home—unless you can afford to waste money'
Jim Cramer says to pick up these four stocks if the market goes down on Friday
Trump supports unsealing of search warrant for FBI raid on Mar-a-Lago after DOJ makes request | <urn:uuid:04193aa6-1fa5-450b-b336-e99827dc5d0a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2017/04/26/trumps-immigration-crackdown-is-going-to-crush-the-economy-and-one-sector-in-particular-commentary.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.950779 | 830 | 2.078125 | 2 |
What is the best type of listening?
What is the best type of listening?
The three main types of listening most common in interpersonal communication are:
- Informational Listening (Listening to Learn)
- Critical Listening (Listening to Evaluate and Analyse)
- Therapeutic or Empathetic Listening (Listening to Understand Feeling and Emotion)
What are the 5 types of listening?
Familiarize yourself with these different types of listening so you can strengthen and improve your ability to critically think and evaluate what you have heard.
- Appreciative Listening. When you listen for appreciation you are listening for enjoyment.
- Empathic Listening.
- Comprehensive Listening.
- Critical Listening.
How can I listen without interrupting?
Becoming an Attentive Listener
- Focus on the speaker. Really, really pay attention to what the speaker is saying.
- Don’t interrupt.
- Listen for key messages.
- Show that you are listening.
- Do your research.
- Ask smart questions.
- Be prepared.
Why should husband listen to wife?
Listening To Your Wife’s Perspective Will Make You See Every Situation Clearly. Women are detail-oriented. When your wife is talking to you, when she shares little details of how her day went, she is opening her heart to you. Remember, as strongly as men need sex, so do women need a meaningful communication.
What are the listening strategy?
Listening for gist: you listen in order to understand the main idea of the text. Listening for specific information: you want to find out specific details, for example key words. Listening for detailed understanding: you want to understand all the information the text provides.
What does it mean to truly listen?
· : to hear what someone has said and understand that it is serious, important, or true. At its root, listening is the act of mindfully hearing and attempting to comprehend the meaning of words spoken by another person.
Can you tell if someone is recording your phone calls?
Type “history.google.com/history” into your web browser. On the lefthand menu, click ‘Activity controls’. Scroll down to the ‘Voice & Audio activity’ section and click that. There you’ll find a chronological list of all the voice and audio recordings which will include any recorded without you knowing.
What are the signs of a good listener?
Signs of Active Listening
- Non-Verbal Signs of Attentive or Active Listening. This is a generic list of non-verbal signs of listening, in other words people who are listening are more likely to display at least some of these signs.
- Eye Contact.
- Positive Reinforcement.
What is the importance of listening any five?
However, every time you use active listening, it gets a little easier. It can help you to navigate through difficult conversations. More than that, it helps improve overall communication, builds a better understanding and ultimately leadsto better relationships with family, friends and co-workers.
How can you tell if someone is listening to you?
So the following are ten signs of a good listener:
- You Can Feel That The Listener Is Fully Present And In the Moment With You:
- The Listener Will Keep Eye Contact With You:
- The Listener Will Nod, Smile And Give You Auditory Feedback:
- he Listener Will Encourage You To Continue Talking:
Do guys like good listeners?
According to a study published in the journal Science of Nature, being a good listener is actually a really attractive trait to have, especially for men looking to attract women.
What are the four effective listening strategies?
4 Strategies for Effective Listening
- First of all, listening is an activity; it is not something we do passively. The skill of active listening needs to be applied, be there and stay focused on the person talking, without any distractions.
- Listen with empathy.
- Be open as you listen.
- Listen with awareness.
What are five effective listening strategies?
There are five key active listening techniques you can use to help you become a more effective listener:
- Pay Attention. Give the speaker your undivided attention, and acknowledge the message.
- Show That You’re Listening.
- Provide Feedback.
- Defer Judgment.
- Respond Appropriately.
What to say to show you are listening?
There are a few key phrases out there to demonstrate that you’re listening actively….5) “Let me make sure I’ve got this right.”
- “These are the main points I’ve heard you make so far.”
- “Let’s make sure I’m hearing you correctly.”
- “Let’s pause to make sure we’re on the same page.”
Why is it important to listen to your partner?
Listening strengthens relationships and demonstrates attentiveness, caring, and respect. Listening is more than just hearing, however. To truly listen, you must give your undivided attention and put your own agenda and needs aside. For many people, being able to speak without interruption is like a release.
How do you truly listen to someone?
Tips to Listen Fully
- Realize the distinction between listening and hearing. Hearing is an auditory/physiological process.
- Reflect back on what the other says. Comment on it; it makes them feel heard.
- Be present and stay focused. Stay with the other person’s talk.
- Ask questions—meaningful ones.
- Acknowledge feelings.
How do you show your paying attention?
10 tips for active listening
- Face the speaker and have eye contact. Eye contact is an important part of face to face conversation.
- “Listen” to non-verbal cues too.
- Don’t interrupt.
- Listen without judging, or jumping to conclusions.
- Don’t start planning what to say next.
- Don’t impose your opinions or solutions.
- Stay focused.
- Ask questions.
What does it mean to listen speak effectively?
Effective listening is actively absorbing the information given to you by a speaker, showing that you are listening and interested, and providing feedback to the speaker so that he or she knows the message was received. | <urn:uuid:f9827902-db1b-4e37-93de-80be4e686db9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thegatheringbaltimore.com/2021/12/18/what-is-the-best-type-of-listening/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.891972 | 1,385 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The Raspberry Pi is the cheapest and smallest way to emulate the old video games you still love to play. You have a few different ways of going about making your own retro game console, but RetroPie and Recalbox are two of the easiest to use. Let’s take a look at their differences, and pick the best one for you.
Retro game consoles are, hands down, the most popular project for the Raspberry Pi. Once you’re set up, you can play tons of old video games using a variety of controllers. All you need is a Raspberry Pi and the right software. RetroPie was the first full emulator operating system for the Raspberry Pi. Recalbox is newer, but simplifies the whole process quite a bit.
Both systems are based on RetroArch and EmulationStation, which combined are a front end that allows you to choose from a variety of emulators. Both RetroPie and Recalbox also come with the multimedia center Kodi, so if you’re looking for an all-in-one entertainment center, either will work. Both also look about the same, so aesthetics won’t play much of a role here. Finally, both RetroPie and Recalbox support online updates, rewind features, save states, and screenshots. Here are the other basics.
- RetroPie: RetroPie was initially a small project that launched right around the same time the Raspberry Pi became widely available. It has been a part of our guide to setting up a retro game console since the start. Nowadays, it’s a much bigger project. Its main purpose is to emulate as many games as possible on every model of the Raspberry Pi It’s also almost always updated within a couple days of a new Raspberry Pi release. Thanks to its longevity, it also has active support forums and well-written documentation.
- Recalbox: Recalbox is a bit newer than RetroPie, and while it’s easier to set up, it doesn’t have quite the cultural reach RetroPie does. Aside from being a totally DIY operating system, it also rather awkwardly works as a storefront too, though you’re by no means required to buy anything to use Recalbox. Out of the box, Recalbox looks pretty much identical to RetroPie.
Both options get you a great DIY game console, but the setup process, game system support, and customisation options vary between the two.
Recalbox Is Easier for Beginners to Set Up
Let’s get this out of the way: Recalbox is hands down the easier of the two to set up. While RetroPie has become much easier to set up over the years, Recalbox still blows it out of the water in simplicity.
First off, you don’t need to know anything about burning a bootable SD card with Recalbox, which is typically one of the more annoying parts of any Raspberry Pi operating system. Instead, download the newest version of Recalbox, copy all the files to your SD card, then put the SD in your Pi. Recalbox handles the rest. Retropie, conversely, requires that you use a third-party SD card builder or use the command line. Both are easy enough, but Recalbox is still easier and less intimidating.
As for controllers, both Recalbox and RetroPie automatically ask you to configure your controllers on first boot, but Recalbox has the out-of-box support for PS3 controllers over Bluetooth (RetroPie requires a bit of finagling to get this working.) While the process is nearly identical in both tools, setting up a controller in Recalbox just feels smoother.
Once the controllers are set up, both RetroPie and Recalbox have all the same options where you can set up Wi-Fi, make configuration changes, and update your system. Otherwise, you’re ready to start playing games.
RetroPie Has Way More Customisation Options, Better System Compatibility, and More Support
Recalbox may be easier to set up, but Retropie is much easier to bend to your will — especially if you like to customise things. RetroPie allows you to adjust nearly every aspect of the system so it can work on a huge variety of displays, with tons of different controllers, on different operating systems, and more.
Out of the box, RetroPie is configured to do everything RetroArch can do, which means custom shaders, settings per emulator, and more. Beyond that, it’s also built so you can choose what options get installed, change the version of Linux it runs, create your own splash screens on launch, tweak display properties, and tinker with nearly every setting imaginable. You can also use an insane number of controllers with RetroPie, ranging from Nintendo 64 controllers to custom-made ones. To cover all this, RetroPie has extensive documentation that walks you through all kinds of different customisation projects. If this all sounds overwhelming, well, it is. But if you’re building something like an arcade cabinet, then you want this much control over everything.
Conversely, Recalbox supports PS3, Xbox, Bluetooth controllers, and standard USB controllers. Recalbox simplifies shaders by simply including two of the most commonly used, scanlines and “retro” (which automatically chooses the best shader for each system for you,) but if you want to add your own, it’s a pain to do. In fact, doing anything outside of the default on Recalbox is a bit of a pain, and its general lack of in-depth documentation doesn’t help matters much. If you want to set up Recalbox as an arcade cabinet, it’s doable, but the process isn’t as well documented as it is for RetroPie. All of this is totally fine for most people who just want to plug their Pi into the TV and play classic games, and in fact, it’s probably better for most people — but if want to tinker with everything, then Recalbox is not for you.
RetroPie is also updated way more often. Within days of the launch of the Raspberry Pi 3, RetroPie added support for it. By contrast, the last non-beta build of Recalbox was released in March of 2015 as version 3.2.11. Which means there hasn’t been a stable update since the Raspberry Pi 3 was released. If you’re not living on the cutting edge of cheap microcomputers, this doesn’t matter at all, but it’s worth mentioning if you’re the type to grab a new Pi every time it’s released.
Recalbox Is Best If You’re New or Want Something Simple, RetroPie Is for People Who Need Control
Picking which operating system to use here really just depends on how much you like to tinker with settings. Want to just skip the setup and play the Super Nintendo games of your childhood? Go with Recalbox. It’s easier to set up and works fine for a majority of popular games.
Want to play obscure games on obscure systems, like Coco or Dragon 32? Or do you you want an easy way to deeply customise everything, like choosing which shaders appear in which games? Looking to build a handheld system or an arcade cabinet? RetroPie is your best bet. | <urn:uuid:6f557597-3924-4565-b256-6d26fed32c6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lifehacker.com.au/2016/10/diy-retro-game-system-showdown-retropie-vs-recalbox/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.927096 | 1,549 | 1.960938 | 2 |
MSc in Economics and Business Administration - Management of Innovation and Business Development
To remain innovative, companies need to develop new products and processes – and they need to do it quickly. Innovation and the ability to create competitive advantage for firms are at the very core of this concentration. Through an introduction to the theory and practice of innovation, you will learn to manage and solve problems pertaining to the organization of innovation and entrepreneurship.
To manage a company effectively through innovation and business development, you need structured and informed analysis. Each innovation has different aspects, some referring to its value proposition, some to its future users, some to the likely responses from its competition, and so forth. An innovation does not become successful by taking a one-sided focus on these aspects. You will learn about the processes of identifying ideas for innovation, strategies in different types of companies as well as how innovation can become a part of the overall strategy of a company. You will also gain knowledge on how to put innovation on the corporate strategy agenda. In this context, Open Innovation is one of the central concepts with which you will become familiar. Open Innovation implies the tendency that innovation processes increasingly require collaboration with several stakeholders, users, suppliers, experts, etc.
You will be taught about the process of managing innovation and business development projects and about making budgets as well as drafting and assessing business plans. This will be important if you seek to design your own viable project, but also for assessing the quality of projects presented to you by others. You will also learn about the core aspects of management control and financial management in relation to innovation projects. You will gain knowledge of how to forecast the future needs of a company for product innovation in order to secure future revenue earning opportunities.
This concentration will not only teach you innovation in well-established companies, but also innovation as part of the establishment of new companies. The focus is on entrepreneurship in relation to innovation and the start-up of a new company based on recent scientific research in the field of entrepreneurship and cases from the real world. Important issues in this context include opportunity recognition, the fundamentals of new venture creation, the characteristics of a successful founding team, hiring central employees, entrepreneurial financing, and founding conditions.
In order to work in knowledge intensive companies you will acquire skills to identify and structure ideas for innovation and business development and to make plans for their implementation. In order to do so, you are also provided with a thorough understanding of company organization, project management tools, and relevant tools in management and financial control.
Management of Innovation and Business Development is a two-year master programme divided into four semesters. The autumn semester runs from September through December with exams in October, November and January; and the spring semester from February through April with exams in April, May and June.
The first and second semester consist of mandatory courses, the third semester of elective courses and the fourth semester completes the programme with a master thesis.
In the Management of Innovation and Business Development concentration you will gain project writing skills throughout the first year. You will write small projects during the first semester and engage in a larger group-based integrated project in your second semester, where you also will include theory from different courses within the first year. This will prepare your writing skills for the master thesis in the fourth semester.
You have the opportunity to apply for a period of study abroad for a semester at one of CBS’ partner universities.
CBS and Università Bocconi in Milan, Italy have signed a double degree agreement for the MIB concentration. This means that if you choose the MIB concentration, you will have the possibility of studying at Bocconi for one year after having completed your first year at CBS. For more information see the double degree website for MIB.
When studying Management of Innovation and Business Development, you can apply for the CEMS programme, which is a double degree in international management. It provides you with both the MSc degree and the CEMS in International Management degree.
When studying MIB you can also use part of your third semester to obtain a minor in one of the specialised minor programmes.
|1. Semester||2. Semester||3. Semester||4. Semester|
Innovation and Knowledge (15 ECTS)
|Strategy and Market Development (7,5 ECTS)||
Electives / Exchange / CEMS (30 ECTS)
Master's thesis (30 ECTS)
|Management Control and Finance (7,5 ECTS)|
|Entrepreneurship: Theory and Evidence (7,5 ECTS)||Growth and Entrepreneurial Strategies (7,5 ECTS)|
|Project Management and Product Development (7,5 ECTS)||Business Project (7,5 ECTS)|
You can find course descriptions in the programme regulations for Management of Innovation and Business Development. | <urn:uuid:79169bd7-cde2-4dc4-b526-ee371413a0a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cbs.dk/en/study/graduate/msc-in-economics-and-business-administration-management-of-innovation-and-business-development | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.944384 | 1,030 | 2.015625 | 2 |
To Have Or to Be? is one of the seminal books of the second half of the 20th century. Nothing less than a manifesto for a new social and psychological revolution to save our threatened planet, this book is a summary of the penetrating thought of Eric Fromm. His thesis is that two modes of existence struggle for the spirit of humankind: the having mode, which concentrates on material possessions, power, and aggression, and is the basis of the universal evils of greed, envy, and violence; and the being mode, which is based on love, the pleasure of sharing, and in productive activity. To Have Or to Be? is a brilliant program for socioeconomic change.… (more)
Sign up for LibraryThing to find out whether you'll like this book.
No current Talk conversations about this book.
» See also 1 mention
Belongs to Publisher Series
Is contained in
Was inspired by
|Original publication date
|Awards and honors
The Way to do is to be. [Lao-tse]
People should not consider so much what they are to do, as what they are. [Meister Eckhart]
The less you are and the less you express of your life - the more you have and the greater is your alientated life. [Karl Marx]
The Great Promise of Unlimited Progress - the promise of domination of nature, of material abundance, of the greatest happiness for the greatest number, and of unimpeded personal freedom - has sustained the hopes and faith of the generations since the beginning of the industrial age.
The grandeur of the Great Promise, the marvelous material and intellectual achievements of the industrial age, must be visualized in order to understand the trauma that realization of its failure is producing today. For the industrial age has indeed failed to fulfill its Great Promise, and ever growing numbers of people are becoming aware that:
- Unrestricted satisfaction of all desires is not conducive to well-being, nor is it the way to happiness or even to maximum pleasure.
- The dream of being independent masters of our lives ended when we began awakening to the fact that we have all become cogs in the bureaucratic machine, with our thoughts, feelings, and tastes manipulated by government and industry and the mass communications that they control.
- Economic progress has remained restricted to the rich nations, and the gap between rich and poor nations has ever widened.
- Technical progress itself has created ecological dangers and the dangers of nuclear war, either or both of which may put an end to all civilization and possibly to all life.
None of the other great Masters taught that the factual existence of a desire constituted an ethical norm. They were concerned with humankind’s optimal well-being (vivere bene). The essential element in their thinking is the distinction between those needs (desires) that are only subjectively felt and whose satisfaction leads to momentary pleasure, and those needs that are rooted in human nature and whose realization is conducive to human growth and produces eudaimonia, i.e., “well-being.” In other words, they were concerned with the distinction between purely subjectively felt needs and objectively valid needs—part of the former being harmful to human growth and the latter being in accordance with the requirements of human nature.
The second psychological premise of the industrial age, that the pursuit of individual egoism leads to harmony and peace, growth in everyone’s welfare, is equally erroneous on theoretical grounds, and again its fallacy is proven by the observable data. Why should this principle, which only one of the great classical economists, David Ricardo, rejected, be true? To be an egoist refers not only to my behavior but to my character. It means: that I want everything for myself; that possessing, not sharing, gives me pleasure; that I must become greedy because if my aim is having, I am more the more I have; that I must feel antagonistic toward all others: my customers whom I want to deceive, my competitors whom I want to destroy, my workers whom I want to exploit. I can never be satisfied, because there is no end to my wishes; I must be envious of those who have more and afraid of those who have less. But I have to repress all these feelings in order to represent myself (to others as well as to myself) as the smiling, rational, sincere, kind human being everybody pretends to be.
The development of this economic system was no longer determined by the question: What is good for Man? but by the question: What is good for the growth of the system? One tried to hide the sharpness of this conflict by making the assumption that what was good for the growth of the system (or even for a single big corporation) was also good for the people. This construction was bolstered by an auxiliary construction: that the very qualities that the system required of human beings —egotism, selfishness, and greed—were innate in human nature; hence, not only the system but human nature itself fostered them. Societies in which egotism, selfishness, and greed did not exist were supposed to be “primitive,” their inhabitants “childlike.” People refused to recognize that these traits were not natural drives that caused industrial society to exist, but that they were the products of social circumstances.
Not least in importance is another factor: people’s relation to nature became deeply hostile. Being “freaks of nature” who by the very conditions of our existence are within nature and by the gift of our reason transcend it, we have tried to solve our existential problem by giving up the Messianic vision of harmony between humankind and nature by conquering nature, by transforming it to our own purposes until the conquest has become more and more equivalent to destruction. Our spirit of conquest and hostility has blinded us to the facts that natural resources have their limits and can eventually be exhausted, and that nature will fight back against human rapaciousness.
Industrial society has contempt for nature—as well as for all things not machine-made and for all people who are not machine makers (the nonwhite races, with the recent exceptions of Japan and China). People are attracted today to the mechanical, the powerful machine, the lifeless, and ever increasingly to destruction.
The need for profound human change emerges not only as an ethical or religious demand, not only as a psychological demand arising from the pathogenic nature of our present social character, but also as a condition for the sheer survival of the human race. Right living is no longer only the fulfillment of an ethical or religious demand. For the first time in history the physical survival of the human race depends on a radical change of the human heart. However, a change of the human heart is possible only to the extent that drastic economic and social changes occur that give the human heart the chance for change and the courage and the vision to achieve it.
Is There an Alternative to Catastrophe?
All the data mentioned so far are published and well known. The almost unbelievable fact is that no serious effort is made to avert what looks like a final decree of fate. While in our private life nobody except a mad person would remain passive in view of a threat to our total existence, those who are in charge of public affairs do practically nothing, and those who have entrusted their fate to them let them continue to do nothing.
How is it possible that the strongest of all instincts, that for survival, seems to have ceased to motivate us? One of the most obvious explanations is that the leaders undertake many actions that make it possible for them to pretend they are doing something effective to avoid a catastrophe: endless conferences, resolutions, disarmament talks, all give the impression that the problems are recognized and something is being done to resolve them. Yet nothing of real importance happens; but both the leaders and the led anesthetize their consciences and their wish for survival by giving the appearance of knowing the road and marching in the right direction.
Another explanation is that the selfishness the system generates makes leaders value personal success more highly than social responsibility. It is no longer shocking when political leaders and business executives make decisions that seem to be to their personal advantage, but at the same time are harmful and dangerous to the community. Indeed, if selfishness is one of the pillars of contemporary practical ethics, why should they act otherwise? They do not seem to know that greed (like submission) makes people stupid as far as the pursuit of even their own real interests is concerned, such as their interest in their own lives and in the lives of their spouses and their children (cf. J. Piaget, The Moral Judgment of the Child
). At the same time, the general public is also so selfishly concerned with their private affairs that they pay little attention to all that transcends the personal realm.
Yet another explanation for the deadening of our survival instinct is that the changes in living that would be required are so drastic that people prefer the future catastrophe to the sacrifice they would have to make now. Arthur Koestler’s description of an experience he had during the Spanish Civil War is a telling example of this widespread attitude: Koestler sat in the comfortable villa of a friend while the advance of Franco’s troops was reported; there was no doubt that they would arrive during the night, and very likely he would be shot; he could save his life by fleeing, but the night was cold and rainy, the house, warm and cozy; so he stayed, was taken prisoner, and only by almost a miracle was his life saved weeks later by the efforts of friendly journalists. This is also the kind of behavior that occurs in people who will risk dying rather than undergo an examination that could lead to the diagnosis of a grave illness requiring major surgery.
Memory entrusted to paper is another form of alienated remembering. By writing down what I want to remember I am sure to have that information, and I do not try to engrave it on my brain. I am sure of my possession—except that when I have lost my notes, I have lost my memory of the information, too. My capacity to remember has left me, for my memory bank had become an externalized part of me, in the form of my notes.
Considering the multitude of data that people in our contemporary society need to remember, a certain amount of notemaking and information deposited in books is unavoidable. But the tendency away from remembering is growing beyond all sensible proportions. One can easily and best observe in oneself that writing down things diminishes one’s power of remembering, but some typical examples may prove helpful.
An everyday example occurs in stores. Today a salesclerk will rarely do a simple addition of two or three items in his or her head, but will immediately use a machine. The classroom provides another example. Teachers can observe that the students who carefully write down every sentence of the lecture will, in all likelihood, understand and remember less than the students who trusted their capacity to understand and, hence, remember at least the essentials. Further, musicians know that those who most easily sight-read a score have more difficulty in remembering the music without the score. (Toscanini, whose memory was known to be extraordinary, is a good example of a musician in the being mode.) For a final example, in Mexico I have observed that people who are illiterate or who write little have memories far superior to the fluently literate inhabitants of the industrialized countries. Among other facts, this suggests that literacy is by no means the blessing it is advertised to be, especially when people use it merely to read material that impoverishes their capacity to experience and to imagine.
The modes of reading are the same with regard to a book whose theme is philosophy or history. The way one reads a philosophy or history book is formed—or better, deformed—by education. The school aims to give each student a certain amount of “cultural property,” and at the end of their schooling certifies the students as having at least the minimum amount. Students are taught to read a book so that they can repeat the author’s main thoughts. This is how the students “know” Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Kant, Heidegger, Sartre. The difference between various levels of education from high school to graduate school is mainly in the amount of cultural property that is acquired, which corresponds roughly to the amount of material property the students may be expected to own in later life. The so-called excellent students are the ones who can most accurately repeat what each of the various philosophers had to say. They are like a well-informed guide at a museum. What they do not learn is that which goes beyond this kind of property knowledge. They do not learn to question the philosophers, to talk to them; they do not learn to be aware of the philosophers’ own contradictions, of their leaving out certain problems or evading issues; they do not learn to distinguish between what was new and what the authors could not help thinking because it was the “common sense” of their time; they do not learn to hear so that they are able to distinguish when the authors speak only from their brain and when their brain and heart speak together; they do not learn to discover whether the authors are authentic or fake; and many more things.
The mode of being readers will often come to the conclusion that even a highly praised book is entirely without value or is of very limited value. Or they may have fully understood a book, sometimes better than had the author, who may have considered everything he or she wrote as being equally important.
Our education generally tries to train people to have
knowledge as a possession, by and large commensurate with the amount of property or social prestige they are likely to have in later life. The minimum they receive is the amount they will need in order to function properly in their work. In addition they are each given a “luxury-knowledge package” to enhance their feeling of worth, with the size of each such package being in accord with the person's probable social prestige. The schools are the factories in which these overall knowledge packages are produced—although schools usually claim they mean to bring the students in touch with the highest achievements of the human mind. Many undergraduate colleges are particularly adroit in nurturing these illusions. From Indian thought and art to existentialism and surrealism, a vast smörgåsbord of knowledge is offered from which students pick a little here, a little there, and in the name of spontaneity and freedom are not urged to concentrate on one subject, not even ever to finish reading an entire book. (Ivan Illich’s
radical critique of the school system brings many of its failings into focus.)
God, originally a symbol for the highest value that we can experience within us, becomes, in the having mode, an idol. In the prophetic concept, an idol is a thing that we ourselves make and project our own powers into, thus impoverishing ourselves. We then submit to our creation and by our submission are in touch with ourselves in an alienated form. While I can have the idol because it is a thing, by my submission to it, it, simultaneously, has me. Once He has become an idol, God’s alleged qualities have as little to do with my personal experience as alienated political doctrines do. The idol may be praised as Lord of Mercy, yet any cruelty may be committed in its name, just as the alienated faith in human solidarity may not even raise doubts about committing the most inhuman acts. Faith, in the having mode, is a crutch for those who want to be certain, those who want an answer to life without daring to search for it themselves.
In the being mode, faith is an entirely different phenomenon. Can we live without faith? Must not the nursling have faith in its mother’s breast? Must we all not have faith in other beings, in those whom we love, and in ourselves? Can we live without faith in the validity of norms for our life? Indeed, without faith we become sterile, hopeless, afraid to the very core of our being.
Faith, in the being mode, is not, in the first place, a belief in certain ideas (although it may be that, too) but an inner orientation, an attitude. It would be better to say that one is in faith than that one has faith. (The theological distinction between faith that is belief [fides quae crediturl] and faith as belief [fides qua crediturl] reflects a similar distinction between the content of faith and the act of faith.) One can be in faith toward oneself and toward others, and the religious person can be in faith toward God. The God of the Old Testament is, first of all, a negation of idols, of gods whom one can have. Though conceived in analogy to an Oriental king, the concept of God transcends itself from the very beginning. God must not have a name; no image must be made of God.
When love is experienced in the mode of having it implies confining, imprisoning, or controlling the object one “loves.” It is strangling, deadening, suffocating, killing, not life-giving. What people call love is mostly a misuse of the word, in order to hide the reality of their not loving. How many parents love their children is still an entirely open question. Lloyd de Mause has brought out that for the past two millennia of Western history there have been reports of cruelty against children, ranging from physical to psychic torture, carelessness, sheer possessiveness, and sadism, so shocking that one must believe that loving parents are the exception rather than the rule.
The same may be said of marriages. Whether their marriage is based on love or, like traditional marriages of the past, on social convenience and custom, the couple who truly love each other seem to be the exception. What is social convenience, custom, mutual economic interest, shared interest in children, mutual dependency, or mutual hate or fear is consciously experienced as “love”—up to the moment when one or both partners recognize that they do not love each other, and that they never did. Today one can note some progress in this respect: people have become more realistic and sober, and many no longer feel that being sexually attracted means to love, or that a friendly, though distant, team relationship is a manifestation of loving. This new outlook has made for greater honesty—as well as more frequent change of partners. It has not necessarily led to a greater frequency of loving, and the new partners may love as little as did the old.
One of the main themes of the Old Testament is: leave what you have; free yourself from all fetters; be!
The history of Hebrew tribes begins with the command to the first Hebrew hero, Abraham, to give up his country and his clan: “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you” (Genesis 12:1). Abraham is to leave what he has—land and family—and go to the unknown. Yet his descendants settle on a new soil, and new clannishness develops. This process leads to more severe bondage. Precisely because they become rich and powerful in Egypt, they become slaves; they lose the vision of the one God, the God of their nomadic ancestors, and they worship idols, the gods of the rich turned later into their masters.
The second hero is Moses. He is charged by God to liberate his people, to lead them out of the country that has become their home (even though eventually a home for slaves), and to go into the desert “to celebrate.” Reluctantly and with great misgiving, the Hebrews follow their leader Moses—into the desert.
The desert is the key symbol in this liberation. The desert is no home: it has no cities; it has no riches; it is the place of nomads who own what they need, and what they need are the necessities of life, not possessions. Historically, nomadic traditions are interwoven in the report of the Exodus, and it may very well be that these nomadic traditions have determined the tendency against all nonfunctional property and the choice of life in the desert as preparation for the life of freedom. But these historical factors only strengthen the meaning of the desert as a symbol of the unfettered, nonpropertied life. Some of the main symbols of the Jewish festivals have their origin in the connection with the desert. The unleavened bread is the bread of those who are in a hurry to leave; it is the bread of the wanderers. The suka (“tabernacle”) is the home of the wanderer: the equivalent of the tent, easily built and easily taken down. As defined in the Talmud it is “the transitory abode,” to be lived in, instead of the “fixed abode” one owns.
Indeed, one cannot help associating the situation of the early Christians with what goes on in the world today. Not a few people, scientists rather than religionists (with the exception of the Jehovah’s Witnesses), believe that we might be approaching the final catastrophe of the world. This is a rational and scientifically tenable vision. The situation of the early Christians was quite different. They lived in a small part of the Roman Empire at the height of its power and glory. There were no alarming signs of catastrophe. Yet this small group of poor Palestinian Jews carried the conviction that this powerful world would soon collapse. Realistically, to be sure, they were mistaken; as a result of the failure of Jesus’ reappearance, Jesus’ death and resurrection are interpreted in the gospels as constituting the beginning of the new eon, and after Constantine an attempt was made to shift the mediating role of Jesus to the papal church. Finally, for all practical purposes the church became the substitute—in fact, though not in theory—for the new eon.
One must take early Christianity more seriously than most people do, in order to be impressed by the almost unbelievable radicalism of this small group of people, who spoke the verdict over the existing world on nothing but their moral conviction. The majority of the Jews, on the other hand, not belonging exclusively to the poorest and most downtrodden part of the population, chose another way. They refused to believe that a new era had begun and continued to wait for the Messiah, who would come when humankind (and not only the Jews) had reached the point where the realm of justice, peace, and love could be established in a historical rather than in an eschatological sense.
The younger “Q” source has its origin in a further stage of development of early Christianity. Here, too, we find the same principle, and the story of Jesus’ temptation by Satan expresses it in a very succinct form. In this story, the lust for having things and the craving for power and other manifestations of the having structure are condemned. To the first temptation—to transform stones into bread, symbolically expressing the craving for material things—Jesus answers: “Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God” (Matthew 44; Luke 4:4). Satan tempts Jesus then with the promise of giving him complete power over nature (changing the law of gravity), and finally, with unrestricted power, dominion over all kingdoms of the earth, and Jesus declines (Matthew Luke 4: 5—12). (Rainer Funk has called my attention to the fact that the temptation takes place in the desert, thus taking up the topic of the Exodus again.)
Jesus and Satan appear here as representatives of two opposite principles. Satan is the representative of material consumption and of power over nature and Man. Jesus is the representative of being, and of the idea that not-having is the premise for being. The world has followed Satan’s principles, since the time of the gospels. Yet even the victory of these principles could not destroy the longing for the realization of full being, expressed by Jesus as well as by many other great Masters who lived before him and after him.
The Acquisitive Society—Basis for the Having Mode
Our judgments are extremely biased because we live in a society that rests on private property, profit, and power as the pillars of its existence. To acquire, to own, and to make a profit are the sacred and unalienable rights of the individual in the industrial society. What the sources of property are does not matter; nor does possession impose any obligations on the property owners. The principle is: “Where and how my property was acquired or what I do with it is nobody’s business but my own; as long as I do not violate the law, my right is unrestricted and absolute.”
The norms by which society functions also mold the character of its members (social character). In an industrial society these are: the wish to acquire property, to keep it, and to increase it, i.e., to make a profit, and those who own property are admired and envied as superior beings. But the vast majority of people own no property in a real sense of capital and capital goods, and the puzzling question arises: How can such people fulfill or even cope with their passion for acquiring and keeping property, or how can they feel like owners of property when they haven't any property to speak of?
Of course, the obvious answer is that even people who are property poor own something—and they cherish their little possessions as much as the owners of capital cherish their property. And like the big property owners, the poor are obsessed by the wish to preserve what they do have and to increase it, even though by an infinitesimal amount (for instance by saving a penny here, two cents there).
Perhaps the greatest enjoyment is not so much in owning material things but in owning living beings. In a patriarchal society even the most miserable of men in the poorest of classes can be an owner of property—in his relationship to his wife, his children, his animals, over whom he can feel he is absolute master. At least for the man in a patriarchal society, having many children is the only way to own persons without needing to work to attain ownership, and without capital investment. Considering that the whole burden of childbearing is the woman’s, it can hardly be denied that the production of children in a patriarchal society is a matter of crude exploitation of women. In turn, however, the mothers have their own form of ownership, that of the children when they are small. The circle is endless and vicious: the husband exploits the wife, she exploits the small children, and the adolescent males soon join the elder men in exploiting the women, and so on.
The male hegemony in a patriarchal order has lasted roughly six or seven millennia and still prevails in the poorest countries or among the poorest classes of society. It is, however, slowly diminishing in the more affluent countries or societies—emancipation of women, children, and adolescents seems to take place when and to the degree that a society’s standard of living rises. With the slow collapse of the old-fashioned, patriarchal type of ownership of persons, wherein will the average and the poorer citizens of the fully developed industrial societies now find fulfillment of their passion for acquiring, keeping, and increasing property? The answer lies in extending the area of ownership to include friends, lovers, health, travel, art objects, God, one’s own ego. A brilliant picture of the bourgeois obsession with property is given by Max Stirner
. Persons are transformed into things; their relations to each other assume the character of ownership. “Individualism,” which in its positive sense means liberation from social chains, means, in the negative sense, “self-ownership,” the right—and the duty—to invest one's energy in the success of one’s own person.
This positive element in the picture needs to be qualified, however. Many of these same young people (and their number has been markedly decreasing since the late sixties) had not progressed from freedom from
to freedom to
; they simply rebelled without attempting to find a goal toward which to move, except that of freedom from restrictions and dependence. Like that of their bourgeois parents, their motto was “New is beautiful!” and they developed an almost phobic disinterest in all tradition, including the thoughts that the greatest minds have produced. In a kind of naïve narcissism they believed that they could discover by themselves all that is worth discovering. Basically, their ideal was to become small children again, and such authors as Marcuse
produced the convenient ideology that return to childhood—not development to maturity—is the ultimate goal of socialism and revolution. They were happy as long as they were young enough for this euphoria to last; but many of them have passed this period with severe disappointment, without having acquired well-founded convictions, without a center within themselves. They often end up as disappointed, apathetic persons—or as unhappy fanatics of destruction.
What is restricted is the free, spontaneous expression of the infant’s, the child’s, the adolescent’s, and eventually the adult’s will, their thirst for knowledge and truth, their wish for affection. The growing person is forced to give up most of his or her autonomous, genuine desires and interests, and his or her own will, and to adopt a will and desires and feelings that are not autonomous but superimposed by the social patterns of thought and feeling. Society, and the family as its psychosocial agent, has to solve a difficult problem: How to break a person’s will without his being aware of it? Yet by a complicated process of indoctrination, rewards, punishments, and fitting ideology, it solves this task by and large so well that most people believe they are following their own will and are unaware that their will itself is conditioned and manipulated.
The greatest difficulty in this suppression of the will exists with regard to sexuality, because we deal here with a strong tendency of the natural order that is less easy to manipulate than many other desires. For this reason people try harder to fight their sexual desires than almost any other human desire. No need to cite the various forms of the vilification of sex from moral grounds (its evilness) to health grounds (masturbation does physical harm). The church had to forbid birth control and extramarital sex, and it still sticks to these principles even today when prudence would recommend a more tolerant course.
The effort made to suppress sex would be beyond our understanding if it were for the sake of sex as such. Not sex, however, but the breaking of human will is the reason for vilifying sex. A great number of the so-called primitive societies have no sex tabu whatever. Since they function without exploitation and domination, they do not have to break the individual’s will. They can afford not to stigmatize sex and to enjoy the pleasure of sexual relations without guilt feelings. Most remarkable in these societies is that this sexual freedom does not lead to sexual greed; that after a period of relatively transient sexual relations couples find each other; that they then have no desire to swap partners, but are also free to separate when love has gone. For these not-property-oriented groups sexual enjoyment is an expression of being, not the result of sexual possessiveness. In saying this I do not imply that we should return to living as these primitive societies do—not that we could, even if we wanted to, for the simple reason that the process of individuation and individual differentiation and distance that civilization has brought about gives individual love a different quality from that in primitive society. We cannot regress; we can only move forward. What matters is that new forms of propertylessness will do away with the sexual greed that is characteristic of all having societies.
Sexual desire is one expression of independence that is expressed very early in life (masturbation). Its denunciation serves to break the will of the child and make it feel guilty, and thus more submissive. To a large extent the impulse to break sexual tabus is essentially an attempt at rebellion aimed at restoring one’s freedom. But the breaking of sexual tabus as such does not lead to greater freedom; the rebellion is drowned, drowned, as it were, in the sexual satisfaction . . . person’s subsequent guilt. Only the achievement of inner independence is conducive to freedom and ends the need for fruitless rebellion. The same holds true for all other behavior that aims at doing the forbidden as an attempt to restore one’s freedom. Indeed, tabus create sexual obsessiveness and perversions, but sexual obsessiveness and perversions do not create freedom.
The rebellion of the child manifests itself in many other ways: by the child’s not accepting the rules of cleanliness training; by not eating, or by overeating; by aggression and sadism, and by many kinds of self-destructive acts. Often the rebellion manifests itself in a kind of general “slowdown strike”—a withdrawal of interest in the world, laziness, passivity, up to the most pathological forms of slow self-destruction. The effects of this power struggle between children and parents is the subject of David E. Schecter’s paper on “Infant Development.” All data indicate that heteronomous interference with the child’s and the later person’s growth process is the deepest root of mental pathology, especially of destructiveness.
The need to have has still another foundation, the biologically given desire to live. Whether we are happy or unhappy, our body impels us to strive for immortality. But since we know by experience that we shall die, we seek for solutions that make us believe that, in spite of the empirical evidence, we are immortal. This wish has taken many forms: the belief of the Pharaohs that their bodies enshrined in the pyramids would be immortal; many religious fantasies of life after death, in the happy hunting grounds of early hunter societies; the Christian and Islam paradise. In contemporary society since the eighteenth century, “history” and “the future” have become the substitutes for the Christian heaven: fame, celebrity, even notoriety—anything that seems to guarantee a footnote in the record of history—constitutes a bit of immortality. The craving for fame is not just secular vanity—it has a religious quality for those who do not believe in the traditional hereafter any more. (This is particularly noticeable among political leaders.) Publicity paves the way to immortality, and the public relations agents become the new priests.
But perhaps more than anything else, possession of property constitutes the fulfillment of the craving for immortality, and it is for this reason that the having orientation has such strength. If my self is constituted by what I have, then I am immortal if the things I have are indestructible. From Ancient Egypt to today—from physical immortality, via mummification of the body, to mental immortality, via the last will—people have remained alive beyond their physical/ mental lifetimes. Via the legal power of the last will the disposal of our property is determined for generations to come; through the laws of inheritance, I—inasmuch as I am an owner of capital—become immortal.
One understands Spinoza’s ideas about passions and passivity fully only if one proceeds to the last—and most modern—step of his thinking: that to be driven by irrational passions is to be mentally sick. To the degree that we achieve optimal growth, we are not only (relatively) free, strong, rational, and joyous but also mentally healthy; to the degree that we fail to reach this aim, we are unfree, weak, lacking rationality, and depressed. Spinoza, to my knowledge, was the first modern thinker to postulate that mental health and sickness are outcomes of right and wrong living respectively.
For Spinoza mental health is, in the last analysis, a manifestation of right living; mental illness, a symptom of the failure to live according to the requirements of human nature. “But if the greedy person thinks only of money and possessions, the ambitious one only of fame, one does not think of them as being insane, but only as annoying; generally one has contempt for them. But factually
, greediness, ambition, and so forth are forms of insanity, although usually one does not think of them as ‘illness’ ” (Ethics
, 4, prop. 44). In this statement, so foreign to the thinking of our time, Spinoza considers passions that do not correspond to the needs of human nature as pathological; in fact, he goes so far as to call them a form of insanity.
Spinoza’s concepts of activity and passivity are a most radical critique of industrial society. In contrast to today’s belief that persons driven mainly by greed for money, possession, or fame are normal and well adjusted, they are considered by Spinoza utterly passive and basically sick. The active persons in Spinoza’s sense, which he personified in his own life, have become exceptions, and are somewhat suspected of being “neurotic” because they are so little adapted to so-called normal activity.
We can witness a similar phenomenon among the sons and daughters of the well-to-do in the United States and Germany, who see their life in their affluent home environment as boring and meaningless. But more than that, they find the world’s callousness toward the poor and the drift toward nuclear war for the sake of individual egotism unbearable. Thus, they move away from their home environment, looking for a new lifestyle—and remain unsatisfied because no constructive effort seems to have a chance. Many among them were originally the most idealistic and sensitive of the young generation; but at this point, lacking in tradition, maturity, experience, and political wisdom, they become desperate, narcissistically overestimate their own capacities and possibilities, and try to achieve the impossible by the use of force. They form so-called revolutionary groups and expect to save the world by acts of terror and destruction, not seeing that they are only contributing to the general tendency to violence and inhumanity. They have lost their capacity to love and have replaced it with the wish to sacrifice their lives. (Self-sacrifice is frequently the solution for individuals who ardently desire to love, but who have lost the capacity to love and see in the sacrifice of their own lives an experience of love in the highest degree.) But these self-sacrificing young people are very different from the loving martyrs, who want to live because they love life and who accept death only when they are forced to die in order not to betray themselves. Our present-day self-sacrificing young people are the accused, but they are also the accusers, in demonstrating that in our social system some of the very best young people become so isolated and hopeless that nothing but destruction and fanaticism are left as a way out of their despair.
If I am what I have and if what I have is lost, who then am I? Nobody but a defeated, deflated, pathetic testimony to a wrong way of living. Because I can lose what I have, I am necessarily constantly worried that I shall lose what I have. I am afraid of thieves, of economic changes, of revolutions, of sickness, of death, and I am afraid of love, of freedom, of growth, of change, of the unknown. Thus I am continuously worried, suffering from a chronic hypochondriasis, with regard not only to loss of health but to any other loss of what I have; I become defensive, hard, suspicious, lonely, driven by the need to have more in order to be better protected. Ibsen has given a beautiful description of this self-centered person in his Peer Gynt. The hero is filled only with himself; in his extreme egoism he believes that he is himself, because he is a “bundle of desires.” At the end of his life he recognizes that because of his property-structured existence, he has failed to be himself, that he is like an onion without a kernel, an unfinished man, who never was himself.
The anxiety and insecurity engendered by the danger of losing what one has are absent in the being mode. If I am who I am and not what I have, nobody can deprive me of or threaten my security and my sense of identity. My center is within myself; my capacity for being and for expressing my essential powers is part of my character structure and depends on me. This holds true for the normal process of living, not, of course, for such circumstances as incapacitating illness, torture, or other cases of powerful external restrictions.
While nature has devised, as it were, the prototype—or perhaps the symbol—of shared enjoyment in the sexual act, empirically the sexual act is not necessarily an enjoyment that is shared; the partners are frequently so narcissistic, self-involved, and possessive that one can speak only of simultaneous, but not of shared pleasure.
In another respect, however, nature offers a less ambiguous symbol for the distinction between having and being. The erection of the penis is entirely functional. The male does not have an erection, like a property or a permanent quality (although how many men wish to have one is anybody’s guess). The penis is in a state of erection, as long as the man is in a state of excitement, as long as he desires the person who has aroused his excitement. If for one reason or another something interferes with this excitement, the man has nothing. And in contrast to practically all other kinds of behavior, the erection cannot be faked. George Groddek, one of the most outstanding, although relatively little known, psychoanalysts, used to comment that a man, after all, is a man for only a few minutes; most of the time he is a little boy. Of course, Groddek did not mean that a man becomes a little boy in his total being, but precisely in that aspect which for many a man is the proof that he is a man. (See the paper I wrote on “Sex and Character.”)
To the extent that we live in the having mode, we must fear dying. No rational explanation will take away this fear. But it may be diminished, even at the hour of death, by our reassertion of our bond to life, by a response to the love of others that may kindle our own love. Losing our fear of dying should not begin as a preparation for death, but as the continuous effort to reduce the mode of having and to increase the mode of being. As Spinoza says, the wise think about life, not about death.
The instruction on how to die is indeed the same as the instruction on how to live. The more we rid ourselves of the craving for possession in all its forms, particularly our ego-boundness, the less strong is the fear of dying, since there is nothing to lose.
Here, Now—Past, Future
The mode of being exists only in the here and now (hic et nunc). The mode of having exists only in time: past, present, and future.
In the having mode we are bound to what we have amassed in the past: money, land, fame, social status, knowledge, children, memories. We think about the past, and we feel by remembering feelings (or what appear to be feelings) of the past. (This is the essence of sentimentality.) We are the past; we can say: “I am what I was.”
The future is the anticipation of what will become the past. It is experienced in the mode of having as is the past and is expressed when one says: “This person has a future,” indicating that the individual will have many things even though he or she does not now have them. The Ford company’s advertising slogan, “There’s a Ford in your future,” stressed having in the future, just as in certain business transactions one buys or sells “commodity futures.” The fundamental experience of having is the same, whether we deal with past or future.
The present is the point where past and future join, a frontier station in time, but not different in quality from the two realms it connects.
Being is not necessarily outside of time, but time is not the dimension that governs being. The painter has to wrestle with color, canvas, and brushes, the sculptor with stone and chisel. Yet the creative act, their “vision” of what they are going to create, transcends time. It occurs in a flash, or in many flashes, but time is not experienced in the vision. The same holds true for the thinkers. Writing down their ideas occurs in time, but conceiving them is a creative event outside of time. It is the same for every manifestation of being. The experience of loving, of joy, of grasping truth does not occur in time, but in the here and now. The here and now is eternity, i.e., timelessness. But eternity is not, as popularly misunderstood, indefinitely prolonged time.
The whole concept of past, present, and future, i.e., of time, enters into our lives due to our bodily existence: the limited duration of our life, the constant demand of our body to be taken care of, the nature of the physical world that we have to use in order to sustain ourselves. Indeed, we cannot live in eternity; being mortal, we cannot ignore or escape time. The rhythm of night and day, of sleep and wakefulness, of growing and aging, the need to sustain ourselves by work and to defend ourselves, all these factors force us to respect time if we want to live, and our bodies make us want to live. But that we respect time is one thing; that we submit to it is another. In the mode of being, we respect time, but we do not submit to it. But this respect for time becomes submission when the having mode predominates. In this mode not only things are things, but all that is alive becomes a thing. In the mode of having, time becomes our ruler. In the being mode, time is dethroned; it is no longer the idol that rules our life.
In industrial society time rules supreme. The current mode of production demands that every action be exactly “timed,” that not only the endless assembly line conveyor belt but, in a less crude sense, most of our activities be ruled by time. In addition, time not only is time, “time is money.” The machine must be used maximally; therefore the machine forces its own rhythm upon the worker.
Via the machine, time has become our ruler. Only in our free hours do we seem to have a certain choice. Yet we usually organize our leisure as we organize our work. Or we rebel against tyrant time by being absolutely lazy. By not doing anything except disobeying time’s demands, we have the illusion that we are free, when we are, in fact, only paroled from our time-prison.
Social Character and “Religious” Needs
The social character has a further and significant function beyond that of serving the needs of society for a certain type of character and satisfying the individual’s character-conditioned behavioral needs. Social character must fulfill any human being’s inherent religious needs. To clarify, “religion” as I use it here does not refer to a system that has necessarily to do with a concept of God or with idols or even to a system perceived as religion, but to any group-shared system of thought and action that offers the individual a frame of orientation and an object of devotion. Indeed, in this broad sense of the word no culture of the past or present, and it seems no culture in the future, can be considered as not having religion.
This definition of “religion” does not tell us anything about its specific content. People may worship animals, trees, idols of gold or stone, an invisible god, a saintly person, or a diabolic leader; they may worship their ancestors, their nation, their class or party, money or success. Their religion may be conducive to the development of destructiveness or of love, of domination or of solidarity; it may further their power of reason or paralyze it. They may be aware of their system as being a religious one, different from those of the secular realm, or they may think that they have no religion, and interpret their devotion to certain allegedly secular aims, such as power, money, or success, as nothing but their concern for the practical and the expedient. The question is not one of religion or not? but of which kind of religion?—whether it is one that furthers human development, the unfolding of specifically human powers, or one that paralyzes human growth.
A specific religion, provided it is effective in motivating conduct, is not a sum total of doctrines and beliefs; it is rooted in a specific character structure of the individual and, inasmuch as it is the religion of a group, in the social character. Thus, our religious attitude may be considered an aspect of our character structure, for we are what we are devoted to, and what we are devoted to is what motivates our conduct. Often, however, individuals are not even aware of the real objects of their personal devotion and mistake their “official” beliefs for their real, though secret religion. If, for instance, a man worships power while professing a religion of love, the religion of power is his secret religion, while his so-called official religion, for example Christianity, is only an ideology.
Indeed, had European history continued in the spirit of the thirteenth century, had it developed the spirit of scientific knowledge and individualism slowly and in an evolutionary way, we might now have been in a fortunate position. But reason began to deteriorate into manipulative intelligence and individualism into selfishness. The short period of Christianization ended and Europe returned to its original paganism.
However the concepts may differ, one belief defines any branch of Christianity: the belief in Jesus Christ as the Savior who gave his life out of love for his fellow creatures. He was the hero of love, a hero without power, who did not use force, who did not want to rule, who did not want to have anything. He was a hero of being, of giving, of sharing. These qualities deeply appealed to the Roman poor as well as to some of the rich, who choked on their selfishness. Jesus appealed to the hearts of the people, even though from an intellectual standpoint he was at best considered to be naive. This belief in the hero of love won hundreds of thousands of adherents, many of whom changed their practice of life, or became martyrs themselves.
The Christian hero was the martyr, for as in the Jewish tradition, the highest achievement was to give one’s life for God or for one’s fellow beings. The martyr is the exact opposite of the pagan hero personified in the Greek and Germanic heroes. The heroes’ aim was to conquer, to be victorious, to destroy, to rob; their fulfillment of life was pride, power, fame, and superior skill in killing (St. Augustine compared Roman history with that of a band of robbers). For the pagan hero a man’s worth lay in his prowess in attaining and holding onto power, and he gladly died on the battlefield in the moment of victory. Homer’s Iliad is the poetically magnificent description of glorified conquerors and robbers. The martyr’s characteristics are being, giving, sharing; the hero’s, having, exploiting, forcing. (It should be added that the formation of the pagan hero is connected with the patriarchal victory over mother-centered society. Men’s dominance of women is the first act of conquest and the first exploitative use of force; in all patriarchal societies after the men’s victory, these principles have become the basis of men’s character.)
Which of the two irreconcilably opposed models for our own development still prevails in Europe? If we look into ourselves, into the behavior of almost all people, into our political leaders, it is undeniable that our model of what is good and valuable is the pagan hero. European—North American history, in spite of the conversion to the church, is a history of conquest, pride, greed; our highest values are: to be stronger than others, to be victorious, to conquer others and exploit them. These values coincide with our ideal of “manliness”: only the one who can fight and conquer is a man; anyone who is not strong in the use of force is weak, i.e., “unmanly.”
It is not necessary to prove that the history of Europe is a history of conquest, exploitation, force, subjugation. Hardly any period is not characterized by these factors, no race or class exempted, often including genocide, as with the American Indians, and even such religious enterprises as the Crusades are no exception. Was this behavior only outwardly economically or politically motivated, and were the slave traders, the rulers of India, the killers of Indians, the British who forced the Chinese to open their land to the import of opium, the instigators of two World Wars and those who prepare the next war, were all these Christians in their hearts? Or were perhaps only the leaders rapacious pagans while the great mass of the population remained Christians? If this were so, we might feel more cheerful. Unfortunately, it is not so. To be sure, the leaders were often more rapacious than their followers because they had more to gain, but they could not have realized their plans were it not that the wish to conquer and to be victorious was and still is part of the social character.
If all this is correct, why do not Europeans and Americans frankly abandon Christianity as not fitting our times? There are several reasons: for example, religious ideology is needed in order to keep people from losing discipline and thus threatening social coherence. But there is a still more important reason: people who are firm believers in Christ as the great lover, the self-sacrificing God, can turn this belief, in an alienated way, into the experience that it is Jesus who loves for them. Jesus thus becomes an idol; the belief in him becomes the substitute for one’s own act of loving. In a simple, unconscious formula: “Christ does all the loving for us; we can go on in the pattern of the Greek hero, yet we are saved because the alienated ‘faith’ in Christ is a substitute for the imitation of Christ.” That Christian belief is also a cheap cover for one’s own rapacious attitude goes without saying. Finally, I believe that human beings are so deeply endowed with a need to love that acting as wolves causes us necessarily to have a guilty conscience. Our professed belief in love anesthetizes us to some degree against the pain of the unconscious feeling of guilt for being entirely without love.
What shapes one’s attitude toward oneself is the fact that skill and equipment for performing a given task are not sufficient; one must be able to “put one’s personality across” in competition with many others in order to have success. If it were enough for the purpose of making a living to rely on what one knows and what one can do, one’s self-esteem would be in proportion to one’s capacities, that is, to one’s use value. But since success depends largely on how one sells one’s personality, one experiences oneself as a commodity or, rather, simultaneously as the seller and the commodity to be sold. A person is not concerned with his or her life and happiness, but with becoming salable.
The aim of the marketing character is complete adaptation, so as to be desirable under all conditions of the personality market. The marketing character personalities do not even have egos (as people in the nineteenth century did) to hold onto, that belong to them, that do not change. For they constantly change their egos, according to the principle: “I am as you desire me.”
Those with the marketing character structure are without goals, except moving, doing things with the greatest efficiency; if asked why they must move so fast, why things have to be done with the greatest efficiency, they have no genuine answer, but offer rationalizations, such as, “in order to create more jobs,” or “in order to keep the company growing.” They have little interest (at least consciously) in philosophical or religious questions, such as why one lives, and why one is going in this direction rather than in another. They have their big, ever-changing egos, but none has a self, a core, a sense of identity. The “identity crisis” of modern society is actually the crisis produced by the fact that its members have become selfless instruments, whose identity rests upon their participation in the corporations (or other giant bureaucracies), as a primitive individual’s identity rested upon membership in the clan.
The marketing character neither loves nor hates. These “old-fashioned” emotions do not fit into a character structure that functions almost entirely on the cerebral level and avoids feelings, whether good or evil ones, because they interfere with the marketing characters’ main purpose: selling and exchanging—or to put it even more precisely, functioning according to the logic of the “megamachine” of which they are a part, without asking any questions except how well they function, as indicated by their advancement in the bureaucracy.
Since the marketing characters have no deep attachment to themselves or to others, they do not care, in any deep sense of the word, not because they are so selfish but because their relations to others and to themselves are so thin. This may also explain why they are not concerned with the dangers of nuclear and ecological catastrophes, even though they know all the data that point to these dangers. That they are not concerned with the danger to their personal lives might still be explained by the assumption that they have great courage and unselfishness; but the lack of concern even for their children and grandchildren excludes such explanation. The lack of concern on all these levels is the result of the loss of any emotional ties, even to those “nearest” to them. The fact is, nobody is close to the marketing characters; neither are they close to themselves.
The supremacy of cerebral, manipulative thinking goes together with an atrophy of emotional life. Since it is not cultivated or needed, but rather an impediment to optimal functioning, emotional life has remained stunted and never matured beyond the level of a child’s. As a result the marketing characters are peculiarly naive as far as emotional problems are concerned. They may be attracted by “emotional people,” but because of their own naiveté, they often cannot judge whether such people are genuine or fakers. This may explain why so many fakers can be successful in the spiritual and religious fields; it may also explain why politicians who portray strong emotions have a strong appeal for the marketing character—and why the marketing character cannot discriminate between a genuinely religious person and the public relations product who fakes strong religious emotions.
The term “marketing character” is by no means the only one to describe this type. It can also be described by using a Marxian term, the alienated character; persons of this character are alienated from their work, from themselves, from other human beings, and from nature. In psychiatric terms the marketing person could be called a schizoid character; but the term may be slightly misleading, because a schizoid person living with other schizoid persons and performing well and being successful, because of his schizoid character entirely lacks the feeling of uneasiness that the schizoid character has in a more “normal” environment.
If Marx had pronounced his ideas today, at the beginning—and rapidly increasing—decline of capitalism, his real
message would have had a chance to be influential or even victorious, provided one can make such a historical conjecture. As it is, even the words “socialism” and “communism” are compromised. At any rate, every socialist or communist party that could claim to represent Marxian thought would have to be based on the conviction that the Soviet regimes are not socialist systems in any sense, that socialism is incompatible with a bureaucratic, thing-centered, consumption-oriented social system, that it is incompatible with the materialism and cerebralization that characterize the Soviet, like the capitalist, system.
The corruption of socialism explains the fact that genuine radical humanist thoughts often come from groups and individuals who were not identified with the ideas of Marx or who were even opposed to them, sometimes after having been active members of the communist movement.
While it is impossible to mention here all the radical humanists of the post-Marxian period, some examples of their thinking are given on the following pages. Though the conceptualizations of these radical humanists differed widely, and sometimes seem to contradict each other completely, they all share the following ideas and attitudes:
- that production must serve the real needs of the people, not the demands of the economic system;
- that a new relation must be established between people and nature, one of cooperation not of exploitation;
- that mutual antagonism must be replaced by solidarity;
- that the aim of all social arrangements must be human wellbeing and the prevention of ill-being;
- that not maximum consumption but sane consumption that furthers well-being must be striven for;
- that the individual must be an active, not a passive, participant in social life.
He [Albert Schweitzer] sees industrial society characterized not only by lack of freedom but also by “overeffort” (Überanstrengung). “For two or three centuries many individuals have lived only as working beings and not as human beings.” The human substance is stunted and in the upbringing of children by such stunted parents, an essential factor for their human development is lacking. “Later on, himself subjected to overoccupation, the adult person succumbs more and more to the need for superficial distraction....Absolute passivity, diverting attention from and forgetting of oneself are a physical need for him” (emphasis added). As a consequence Schweitzer pleads for reduction of work and against overconsumption and luxury.
Schweitzer, the Protestant theologian, insists, as does [Meister] Eckhart, the Dominican monk, that Man’s task is not to retire into an atmosphere of spiritual egotism, remote from the affairs of the world, but to lead an active life in which one tries to contribute to the spiritual perfection of society. “If among modern individuals there are so few whose human and ethical sentiments are intact, not the least reason is the fact that they sacrifice constantly their personal morality on the altar of the fatherland, instead of being in constant living interchange with the collective and of giving it the power which drives the collective to its perfection” (emphasis added).
He concludes that the present cultural and social structure drives toward a catastrophe, from which only a new Renaissance “much greater than the old one will arise”; that we must renew ourselves in a new belief and attitude, unless we want to perish. “Essential in this Renaissance will be the principle of activity, which rational thinking gives into our hands, the only rational and pragmatic principle of the historical development produced by Man. . . . I have confidence in my faith that this revolution will occur if we decide to become thinking human beings” (emphasis added).
Even authors whom one cannot call radical humanists, since they hardly transcend the transpersonal, mechanistic attitude of our age (such as the authors of the two reports commissioned by the Club of Rome), do not fail to see that a radical inner human change is the only alternative to economic catastrophe. Mesarovic
demand a “new a new ethic in the use of material world consciousness . . . a new attitude toward nature, based on harmony resources . . . a sense of identification with rather than on conquest . . . For the first time in Man’s life on earth, future generations . . . he is being asked to refrain from doing what he can do; he is being asked to restrain his economic and technological advancement, or at least to direct it differently from before; he is being asked by all the future generations of the earth to share his good fortune with the unfortunate—not in a spirit of charity but in a spirit of necessity. He is being asked to concentrate now on the organic growth of the total world system. Can he, in good conscience, say no?” They conclude that without these fundamental human changes, “Homo sapiens
is as good as doomed.”
Conditions for Human Change and the Features of the New Man
Assuming the premise is right—that only a fundamental change in human character from a preponderance of the having mode to a predominantly being mode of existence can save us from a psychologic and economic catastrophe—the question arises: Is large-scale characterological change possible, and if so, how can it be brought about?
I suggest that human character can
change if these conditions exist:
- We are suffering and are aware that we are.
- We recognize the origin of our ill-being.
- We recognize that there is a way of overcoming our ill-being.
- We accept that in order to overcome our ill-being we must follow certain norms for living and change our present practice of life.
These four points correspond to the Four Noble Truths that form the basis of the Buddha’s teaching dealing with the general condition of human existence, though not with cases of human ill-being due to specific individual or social circumstances.
The same principle of change that characterizes the methods of the Buddha also underlies Marx’s idea of salvation. In order to understand this it is necessary to be aware that for Marx, as he himself said, communism was not a final goal, but a step in the historical development that was to liberate human beings from those socioeconomic and political conditions that make people inhuman—prisoners of things, machines, and their own greed.
A New Science of Man
The first requirement in the possible creation of the new society is to be aware of the almost insurmountable difficulties that such an attempt must face. The dim awareness of this difficulty is probably one of the main reasons that so little effort is made to make the necessary changes. Many think: “Why strive for the impossible? Let us rather act as if the course we are steering will lead us to the place of safety and happiness that our maps indicate.” Those who unconsciously despair yet put on the mask of optimism are not necessarily wise. But those who have not given up hope can succeed only if they are hardheaded realists, shed all illusions, and fully appreciate the difficulties. This sobriety marks the distinction between awake
To mention only a few of the difficulties the construction of the new society has to solve:
- It would have to solve the problem of how to continue the industrial mode of production without total centralization, i.e., without ending up in fascism of the old-fashioned type or, more likely, technological “fascism with a smiling face.”
- It would have to combine overall planning with a high degree of decentralization, giving up the “free-market economy,” that has become largely a fiction.
- It would have to give up the goal of unlimited growth for selective growth, without running the risk of economic disaster.
- It would have to create work conditions and a general spirit in which not material gain but other, psychic satisfactions are effective motivations.
- It would have to further scientific progress and, at the same time, prevent this progress from becoming a danger to the human race by its practical application.
- It would have to create conditions under which people experience well-being and joy, not the satisfaction of the maximum-pleasure drive.
- It would have to give basic security to individuals without making them dependent on a bureaucracy to feed them.
- It must restore possibilities for individual initiative in living, rather than in business (where it hardly exists any more anyway).
As in the development of technique some difficulties seemed insurmountable, so the difficulties listed above seem insurmountable now. But the difficulties of technique were not insurmountable because a new science had been established that proclaimed the principle of observation and knowledge of nature as conditions for controlling it (Francis Bacon: Novum Organum
, 1620). This “new science” of the seventeenth century has attracted the most brilliant minds in the industrialized countries up to this day, and it led to the fulfillment of the technical Utopias the human mind had been dreaming of.
But today, roughly three centuries later, we need an entirely different new science. We need a Humanistic Science of Man as the basis for the Applied Science and Art of Social Reconstruction.
Whether such a change from the supremacy of natural science to a new social science will take place, nobody can tell. If it does, we might still have a chance for survival, but whether it will depends on one factor: how many brilliant, learned, disciplined, and caring men and women are attracted by the new challenge to the human mind, and by the fact that this time the goal is not control over nature but control over technique and over irrational social forces and institutions that threaten the survival of Western society, if not of the human race.
If the economic and political spheres of society are to be subordinated to human development, the model of the new society must be determined by the requirements of the unalienated, being-oriented individual. This means that human beings shall neither live in inhuman poverty—still the main problem of the majority of people—nor be forced—as are the affluent of the industrial world—to be a Homo consumers by the inherent laws of capitalist production, which demand continuous growth of production and, hence, enforce growing consumption. If human beings are ever to become free and to cease feeding industry by pathological consumption, a radical change in the economic system is necessary: we must put an end to the present situation where a healthy economy is possible only at the price of unhealthy human beings. The task is to construct a healthy economy for healthy people.
The function of the state is to establish norms for healthy consumption, as against pathological and indifferent consumption. In principle, such norms can be established. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration offers a good example; it determines which foods and which drugs are harmful, basing its determination on the expert opinion of scientists in various fields, often after prolonged experimentation. In similar fashion, the value of other commodities and services can be determined by a panel of psychologists, anthropologists, sociologists, philosophers, theologians, and representatives of various social and consumer groups.
But the examination of what is life-furthering and what is life-damaging requires a depth of research that is incomparably greater than that necessary for resolving the problems of the FDA. Basic research on the nature of needs that has hardly been touched will have to be done by the new science of Man. We will need to determine which needs originate in our organism; which are the result of cultural progress; which are expressions of the individual’s growth; which are synthetic, forced upon the individual by industry; which “activate” and which “passivate”; which are rooted in pathology and which in psychical health.
In contrast to the existing FDA, the decisions of the new humanist body of experts would not be implemented by force, but would serve only as guidelines, to be submitted to the citizens for discussion. We have already become very much aware of the problem of healthful and unhealthful food; the results of the experts’ investigations will help to increase society’s recognition of all other sane and pathological needs. People would see that most consumption engenders passivity; that the need for speed and newness, which can only be satisfied by consumerism, reflects restlessness, the inner flight from oneself; they would become aware that looking for the next thing to do or the newest gadget to use is only a means of protecting oneself from being close to oneself or to another person.
The government can greatly facilitate this educational process by subsidizing the production of desirable commodities and services, until these can be profitably produced. A large educational campaign in favor of sane consumption would have to accompany these efforts. It is to be expected that a concerted effort to stimulate the appetite for sane consumption is likely to change the pattern of consumption. Even if the brainwashing advertising methods that industry now uses are avoided—and this is an essential condition—it does not seem unreasonable to expect this effort to have an effect that is not too far behind that of industrial propaganda.
Sane consumption is possible only if we can drastically curb the right of the stockholders and management of big enterprises to determine their production solely on the basis of profit and expansion.
Such changes could be effected by law without altering the constitutions of Western democracies (we already have many laws that restrict property rights in the interest of the public welfare). What matters is the power to direct production, not ownership of capital. In the long run, the tastes of the consumers will decide what is to be produced, once the suggestive power of advertising is ended. Either the existing enterprises will have to convert their facilities in order to satisfy the new demands, or where that is not possible, the government must spend the capital necessary for the production of new products and services that are wanted.
All these changes can only be made gradually, and with the consent of the majority of the population. But they amount to a new form of economic system, one that is as different from present-day capitalism as it is from the Soviet centralized state capitalism and from the Swedish total welfare bureaucracy.
Obviously, from the very beginning the big corporations will use their tremendous power to try to fight such changes. Only the citizens’ overwhelming desire for sane consumption could break the corporations’ resistance.
To achieve a society based on being, all people must actively participate in their economic function and as citizens. Hence, our liberation from the having mode of existence is possible only through the full realization of industrial and political participatory democracy.
This demand is shared by most radical humanists.
Industrial democracy implies that each member of a large industrial or other organization plays an active role in the life of the organization; that each is fully informed and participates in decision-making, starting at the level of the individual’s own work process, health and safety measures (this has already been successfully tried by a few Swedish and American enterprises) and eventually participating in decision-making at higher, general policy levels of the enterprise. It is essential that the employees themselves, and not representatives of trade unions, represent the workers in the respective bodies of codetermination. Industrial democracy means also that the enterprise is not only an economic and technical institution, but a social institution in whose life and manner of functioning every member becomes active and, therefore, interested.
The same principles apply to the implementation of political democracy. Democracy can resist the authoritarian threat if it is transformed from a passive “spectator democracy” into an active “participatory democracy”—in which the affairs of the community are as close and as important to the individual citizens as their private affairs or, better, in which the wellbeing of the community becomes each citizen’s private concern. By participating in the community, people find life becomes more interesting and stimulating. Indeed, a true political democracy can be defined as one in which life is just that, interesting. By its very nature such participatory democracy—in contrast to the “people’s democracies” or “centralistic democracy”—is unbureaucratic and creates a climate that virtually excludes the emergence of demagogues.
“Why make these elaborate plans,” it will be asked, “when opinion polls can perform the task of eliciting the whole population’s opinion in an equally short time?” This objection touches upon one of the most problematical aspects of the expression of opinion. What is the “opinion” on which the polls are based but the views a person has without the benefit of adequate information, critical reflection, and discussion? Furthermore, the people polled know that their “opinions” do not count and, thus, have no effect. Such opinions only constitute people’s conscious ideas at a given moment; they tell us nothing about the underlying trends that might lead to the opposite opinions if circumstances were to change. Similarly, the voters in a political election know that once they have voted for a candidate, they have no further real influence on the course of events. In some respects, voting in a political election is even worse than the opinion polls because of the dulling of thinking by semihypnotic techniques. Elections become an exciting soap opera, with the hopes and aspirations of the candidates—not political issues—at stake. The voters can even participate in the drama by giving their votes to the candidate with whom they side. Even though a large part of the population refuses to make this gesture, most people are fascinated by these modern Roman spectacles in which politicians, rather than gladiators, fight in the arena.
At least two requirements are involved in the formation of a genuine conviction: adequate information and the knowledge that one’s decision has an effect. Opinions formed by the powerless onlooker do not express his or her conviction, but are a game, analogous to expressing a preference for one brand of cigarette over another. For these reasons the opinions expressed in polls and in elections constitute the worst, rather than the best, level of human judgment. This fact is confirmed by just two examples of people’s best judgments, i.e., people’s decisions are far superior to the level of their political decisions (a) in their private affairs (especially in business, as Joseph Schumpeter has so clearly shown) and (b) when they are members of juries. Juries are comprised of average citizens, who have to make decisions in cases that are often very intricate and difficult to understand. But the panel members get all pertinent information, have the chance for extended discussion, and know that their judgment decides the life and happiness of the persons they are mandated to judge. The result is that, by and large, their decisions show a great deal of insight and objectivity. In contrast, uninformed, half-hypnotized, and powerless people cannot express serious convictions. Without information, deliberation, and the power to make one’s decision effective, democratically expressed opinion is hardly more than the applause at a sports event.
Active Participation in political life requires maximum decentralization throughout industry and politics.
Because of the immanent logic of existing capitalism, enterprises and government grow ever larger and eventually become giants that are administered centrally from the top through a bureaucratic machine. One of the requisites of a humanistic society is that this process of centralization should stop and large-scale decentralization take place. There are several reasons for this. If a society is transformed into what Mumford has called a “megamachine” (that is, if the whole of a society, including its people, is like a large, centrally directed machine), fascism is almost unavoidable in the long run because (a) people become sheep, lose their faculty for critical thinking, feel powerless, are passive, and necessarily long for a leader who “knows” what to do—and everything else they do not know, and (b) the “megamachine” can be put in operation by anybody with access to it, simply by pushing the proper buttons. The megamachine, like an automobile, essentially runs itself: i.e., the person behind the wheel of the car has only to push the right buttons, manage the steering and the braking, and pay some attention to a few other similarly simple details; what in a car or other machine are its many wheels, in the megamachine are the many levels of bureaucratic administration. Even a person of mediocre intelligence and ability can easily run a state once he or she is in the seat of power.
Active and responsible participation further requires that humanistic management replace bureaucratic management.
Most people still believe that every kind of large-scale administration must necessarily be “bureaucratic,” i.e., an alienated form of administration. And most people are unaware of how deadening the bureaucratic spirit is and how it pervades all spheres of life, even where it seems not to be obvious, as in physician-patient and husband-wife relationships. The bureaucratic method can be defined as one that (a) administers human beings as if they were things and (b) administers things in quantitative rather than qualitative terms, in order to make quantification and control easier and cheaper. The bureaucratic method is governed by statistical data: the bureaucrats base their decisions on fixed rules arrived at from statistical data, rather than on response to the living beings who stand before them; they decide issues according to what is statistically most likely to be the case, at the risk of hurting the 5 or 10 percent of those who do not fit into that pattern. Bureaucrats fear personal responsibility and seek refuge behind their rules; their security and pride lie in their loyalty to rules, not in their loyalty to the laws of the human heart.
- All brainwashing methods in industrial and political advertising must be prohibited.
These brainwashing methods are dangerous not only because they impel us to buy things that we neither need nor want, but because they lead us to choose political representatives we would neither need nor want if we were in full control of our minds. But we are not in full control of our minds because hypnoid methods are used to propagandize us. To combat this ever-increasing danger, we must prohibit the use of all hypnoidforms of propaganda, for commodities as well as for politicians
The hypnoid methods used in advertising and political propaganda are a serious danger to mental health, specifically to clear and critical thinking and emotional independence. I have no doubt that thorough studies will show that the damage caused by drug addiction is only a fraction of the damage done by our methods of brainwashing, from subliminal suggestions to such semihypnotic devices as constant repetition or the deflection of rational thought by the appeal to sexual lust (“I’m Linda, fly me!”). The bombardment with purely suggestive methods in advertising, and most of all in television commercials, is stultifying. This assault on reason and the sense of reality pursues the individual everywhere and daily at any time: during many hours of watching television, or when driving on a highway, or in the political propaganda of candidates, and so on. The particular effect of these suggestive methods is that they create an atmosphere of being half-awake, of believing and not believing, of losing one’s sense of reality.
- The gap between the rich and the poor nations must be closed.
There is little doubt that the continuation and further deepening of that gap will lead to catastrophe. The poor nations have ceased to accept the economic exploitation by the industrial world as a God-given fact. Even though the Soviet Union is still exploiting its own satellite states in the same colonialist manner, it uses and reinforces the protest of the colonial peoples as a political weapon against the West. The increase in oil prices was the beginning—and a symbol—of the colonial peoples’ demand to end the system that requires them to sell raw materials cheap and buy industrial products dear. In the same way, the Vietnam war was a symbol of the beginning of the end of the colonial peoples’ political and military domination by the West.
What will happen if nothing crucial is done to close the gap? Either epidemics will spread into the fortress of the white society or famines will drive the population of the poor nations into such despair that they, perhaps with the help of sympathizers from the industrial world, will commit acts of destruction, even use small nuclear or biological weapons, that will bring chaos within the white fortress.
- Many of the evils of present-day capitalist and communist societies would disappear with the introduction of a guaranteed yearly income.
The core of this idea is that all persons, regardless of whether they work or not, shall have the unconditional right not to starve and not to be without shelter. They shall receive not more than is basically required to sustain themselves—but neither shall they receive less. This right expresses a new concept for today, though a very old norm, demanded by Christianity and practiced in many “primitive” tribes, that human beings have an unconditional right to live, regardless of whether they do their “duty to society.”
It is a right we guarantee to our pets, but not to our fellow beings. The realm of personal freedom would be tremendously enlarged by such a law; no person who is economically dependent on another (e.g., on a parent, husband, boss) could any longer be forced to submit to the blackmail of starvation; gifted persons wanting to prepare for a different life could do so provided they were willing to make the sacrifice of living in a degree of poverty for a time. Modern welfare states have accepted this principle—almost . . . which actually means “not really.” A bureaucracy still “administers” the people, still controls and humiliates them. But a guaranteed income would require no “proof” of need for any person to get a simple room and a minimum of food. Thus no bureaucracy would be needed to administer a welfare program with its inherent waste and its violations of human dignity.
Considering the present-day cost of running a large welfare bureaucracy, the cost of treating physical, especially psychosomatic, illnesses, criminality, and drug addiction (all of which are largely forms of protest against coercion and boredom), it seems likely that the cost of providing any person who wanted it with a guaranteed annual income would be less than that of our present system of social welfare. The idea will appear unfeasible or dangerous to those who believe that “people are basically lazy by nature.” This cliché has no basis in fact, however; it is simply a slogan that serves as a rationalization for the resistance against surrendering the sense of power over those who are helpless.
- A Supreme Cultural Council, charged with the task of advising the government, the politicians, and the citizens in all matters in which knowledge is necessary, should be established.
The cultural council members would be representative of the intellectual and artistic elite of the country, men and women whose integrity was beyond doubt. They would determine the composition of the new, expanded form of the FDA and would select the people to be responsible for disseminating information.
There is a substantial consensus on who the outstanding representatives of various branches of culture are, and I believe it would be possible to find the right members for such a council. It is of decisive importance, of course, that this council should also represent those who are opposed to established views: for instance, the “radicals” and “revisionists” in economics, history, and sociology. The difficulty is not in finding the council members but in choosing them, for they cannot be elected by popular vote, nor should they be appointed by the government. Yet other ways of selecting them may be found. For instance, start with a nucleus of three or four persons and gradually enlarge the group to its full size of, say, fifty to a hundred persons. This cultural council should be amply financed so that it would be able to commission special studies of various problems.
- A system of effective dissemination of effective information must also be established.
Information is a crucial element in the formation of an effective democracy. Withholding information or falsifying it in the alleged interests of “national security” must be ended. But even without such illegitimate withholding of information, the problem remains that at present the amount of real and necessary information given to the average citizen is almost zero. And this holds true not only for the average citizen. As has been shown abundantly, most elected representatives, members of government, the defense forces, and business leaders are badly informed and to a large extent misinformed by the falsehoods that various government agencies spread, and the news media repeat. Unfortunately, most of these same people, in turn, have at best a purely manipulative intelligence. They have little capacity to understand the forces operating beneath the surface and, hence, to make sound judgments about future developments, not to speak of their selfishness and dishonesty, of which we have heard enough. But even to be an honest and intelligent bureaucrat is not enough to solve the problems of a world facing catastrophe.
With the exception of a few “great” newspapers, even the factual information on political, economic, and social data is extremely limited. The so-called great newspapers inform better, but they also misinform better: by not publishing all the news impartially; by slanting headlines, in addition to writing headlines that often do not conform with their accompanying text; by being partisan in their editorials, written under the cover of seemingly reasonable and moralizing language. In fact, the newspapers, the magazines, television, and radio produce a commodity: news
, from the raw material of events. Only news is salable, and the news media determine which events are news, which are not. At the very best, information is ready-made, concerns only the surface of events, and barely gives the citizens an opportunity to penetrate through the surface and recognize the deeper causes of the events. As long as the sale of news is a business, newspapers and magazines can hardly be prevented from printing what sells (in various degrees of unscrupulousness) their publications and does not antagonize the advertisers.
Another hopeful sign is the increasing display of dissatisfaction with our present social system. A growing number of people feel la malaise du siöcle: they sense their depression; they are conscious of it, in spite of all kinds of efforts to repress it. They feel the unhappiness of their isolation and the emptiness of their “togetherness”; they feel their impotence, the meaninglessness of their lives. Many feel all this very clearly and consciously; others feel it less clearly, but are fully aware of it when someone else puts it into words.
So far in world history a life of empty pleasure was possible for only a small elite, and they remained essentially sane because they knew they had power and that they had to think and to act in order not to lose their power. Today, the empty life of consumption is that of the whole middle class, which economically and politically has no power and little personal responsibility. The major part of the Western world knows the benefits of the consumer type of happiness, and growing numbers of those who benefit from it are finding it wanting. They are beginning to discover that having much does not create well-being: traditional ethical teaching has been put to the test—and is being confirmed by experience.
Only in those who live without the benefits of middle-class luxury does the old illusion remain untouched: in the lower middle classes in the West and among the vast majority in the “socialist” countries. Indeed, the bourgeois hope for “happiness through consumption” is nowhere more alive than in the countries that have not yet fulfilled the bourgeois dream.
One of the gravest objections to the possibilities of overcoming greed and envy, namely that their strength is inherent in human nature, loses a good deal of its weight upon further examination. Greed and envy are so strong not because of their inherent intensity but because of the difficulty in resisting the public pressure to be a wolf with the wolves. Change the social climate, the values that are either approved or disapproved, and the change from selfishness to altruism will lose most of its difficulty.
Thus we arrive again at the premise that the being orientation is a strong potential in human nature. Only a minority is completely governed by the having mode, while another small minority is completely governed by the being mode. Either can become dominant, and which one does depends on the social structure. In a society oriented mainly toward being, the having tendencies are starved and the being mode is fed. In a society like ours, whose main orientation is toward having, the reverse occurs. But the new mode of existence is always already present—though repressed. No Saul becomes a Paul if he was not already a Paul before his conversion.
If the City of God and the Earthly City were thesis and antithesis, a new synthesis is the only alternative to chaos: the synthesis between the spiritual core of the Late Medieval world and the development of rational thought and science since the Renaissance. This synthesis is The City of Being.(Click to show. Warning: May contain spoilers.)
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English
To Have Or to Be? is one of the seminal books of the second half of the 20th century. Nothing less than a manifesto for a new social and psychological revolution to save our threatened planet, this book is a summary of the penetrating thought of Eric Fromm. His thesis is that two modes of existence struggle for the spirit of humankind: the having mode, which concentrates on material possessions, power, and aggression, and is the basis of the universal evils of greed, envy, and violence; and the being mode, which is based on love, the pleasure of sharing, and in productive activity. To Have Or to Be? is a brilliant program for socioeconomic change.
No library descriptions found.
Swap (1 have, 40 want) | <urn:uuid:367828c4-e5ed-4984-a64b-18fd9313591a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.librarything.com/work/135975 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.966464 | 19,762 | 2.203125 | 2 |
BY HENRY “HOLLYWOOD” CEDENO
I hear tech companies and outside the industry critics argue that the digital revolution is helping artists make more money than they could ever make with a major label deal.
Consequently, this digital revolution is giving the power back to the artist and cutting the chord of dependency on the record labels. This sounds great in theory for artists to have complete creative control over their own music, artistic direction, artwork and promotions, while keeping the largest share of the profits. Who wouldn’t want that? Especially with advances in digital marketing platforms giving artist and managers the tools necessary to help them promote their music to the masses.
We’re hearing stories of ”Do It Yourself” becoming recurring themes in the industry. With the digital music era upon us, let’s look at the numbers and see if all these great stories the media displays of artists taking their careers into their own hands are accurate or just fairy tales.
The federal minimum wage in the United States is $7.25 per hour. Let’s take a look at the info-graphic, which breaks down how many units an artist would have to sell to earn a US monthly minimum wage of $1,160.
If you take an artist with a major label deal but with, “low royalty points,” meaning they are a new artist and have signed an agreement entitling them to a low royalty profit on their CD sale (possibly due to not having leverage during the negotiation process) It would take the sale of 3871 units to equal a minimum wage salary.
Now, let’s look at a self-pressed CD. It would take 145 units (the info-graphic says 143, but that is incorrect) to equal the same $1,160 minimum wage salary for the month (145 units x $8 profit = $1,160), A profit ratio of 27:1 in favor of the indie artist.
So a major label artist selling a Gold album which is 500K units would make roughly $149,832 if he/she is on the low end royalty scale, while the independent artist would make $4,000,000. A major label artist with a, “higher royal point,” meaning a contract more suited in his favor would make $499,562 for selling 500K units of his/her CD.
Gold Selling Album (500K Units)
$150,000 in revenue generated for a major label artist with low royalty point deal
$500,000 in revenue generated for a major label artist with high royalty point deal
$4,000,000 in revenue generated for a indie artist self pressing his CD
While on paper this looks great and would have you believe indie is the way to go, who can resist the lure of 4 Million Dollars? Pundits will argue you can never make that kind of money selling your CD through a major label just based off CD sales. Unfortunately, the real world is not as black and white. While in theory the indie artist on paper should be making this figure, in reality, indie artist do not sell even half of that figure.
The likelihood that an independent artist will sell that many units is unrealistic. As it takes mass-market penetration, mass media, & mass awareness to reach sales of those heights. The indie artist will have to pay for various items out of that $4 million as well such as video, radio, publicity, marketing materials, distribution to get product carried by retail, and all the other departments a traditional record company would be providing.
Traditional, physical CDs are dying as a medium, so what’s even more telling of future revenue projections for musicians is the digital distribution models. As new artists whether on major labels or indie musicians are selling fewer physical albums than their previous counterparts, they are relying more and more on digital sources of revenue whether it be ITunes, digital sales or music streams through online radio stations such as Pandora or Spotify.
Again, using $1,160 minimum wage as a benchmark for artist revenue, let’s analyze how many streams it would take an artist just to make a minimum wage salary.
Rhapsody 849,817 streams
Last.FM 1,546,667 streams
Spotify 4,053,110 streams
A whopping four million plays for an artist to see $1,160 in revenue!
Yet countless articles speak about the digital music era ushering in new prosperity in revenue for musicians, unfortunately I have yet to see these new digital mediums make up for the loss in physical sales. Though to be fair, it is early in their life stages, but it also marks the shift in consumers mind from ownership over to a renting model. A great example is Netflix where consumers buy into the idea of no longer needing to own a movie, they can merely stream it whenever they want from multiple sources.
The future of the music industry will revolve around creating experiences with the brand of an artist, as well as figuring out new methods to extend that brand beyond traditional thinking. It will be a fragmented industry, with no model working for every artist, which makes what we’re doing all the more exciting, as we position ourselves to help artist/managers, labels, brands, and products make sense of this new industry. It will be a process for artist/managers to learn how to properly reach consumers, create new revenue streams and cut the fat in cost, FCA will be your partner in this endeavor, as we provide services and departments that you would receive from a traditional record company, we will be helping you do more with less.
This info-graphic just looks at income from one source, the sale of music as a commodity. Artists make money from multiple sources, but some areas remain exclusively reserved for major artist. Indie artist do not typically receive the brand, endorsement, commercial deals that major artist do. As brands look toward notable artist that can have a big influence on their product, thus requiring artists with strong brand recognition and loyalty, but there are other ways independent artists can begin to gain their share of cross promotion revenue.
That is a subject for another day.
– Hollywood Henry Check with FCA First CLass Alliance here | <urn:uuid:38f5a269-4bd6-48c5-831b-5541ea59fe01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://raprehab.com/how-much-do-artists-earn/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.959122 | 1,286 | 1.992188 | 2 |
In this article, we will discuss Enneagram Type 6. We will focus on the desire and fear of the types six personalities along with their strengths and weaknesses. We will also discuss stresses, approach to emotions, areas of growth, and motivation for them. We will also discuss their childhood, work performance, and romantic relationships.
Enneagram Type 6
People with type six personalities are quite hardworking and responsible in their manner. Their aim is to feel safe and secure from the dangers and threats of the world. To do this, they try their best to attain a sense of safety and stability. These people are quite loyal in their relationships and are always seeking to expand their social network by building close relationships with others.
Enneagrams are a map or typology of human personalities. It was developed by George Ivanovich Gurdjieff, Oscar Ichazo, and Claudio Naranjo. It has nine personality types that are split across 3 triads i.e. Feeling triad, Thinking Triad, or Instinctive Triad.
It describes a person’s fundamental psychological orientation based on the triad quality i.e. emotion, intellect or instincts most characteristic of his or her personality.
Enneagram Type 6: The Loyalist
Type 6 are fearful of losing their social network, support, and stability. They strive for environments that are stable and secure. For them, predictability is quite important and uncertainty does not sit well with them. They are always on their toes and expect the worst out of situations but still hope that things will turn out fine. This mentality is expressed in the form of their fear and overthinking while making decisions.
Type 6 personality wants to feel secure and safe. This explains their loyalty and commitment to their relationships. They put their time, energy and effort into building strong and stable relationships. It is important for them to be able to trust others and support them.
Type 6 and emotions
People with type six personalities value loyalty and trust in their relationships. However, if anyone gives them a chance of doubt they can find it hard to trust them again. They can get defensive in their relationships and often project their feelings onto other people. This can affect their relations in a negative way.
The Strengths of Type 6
Type 6 has many strengths. These include the following:
- Their overall attitude is quite responsible and they make choices that are practical and realistic in nature.
- These people value their commitments and make sure to follow through with their commitments to people and plans.
- They can be quite caring about other people and often express their concern for them by protecting them in different situations.
- They are able to identify, evaluate, and think about multiple perspectives. This indicates that they are flexible and open-minded.
- These people are able to consider both emotions and logic in their information processing. This makes their thinking quite thorough.
The Weaknesses of Type 6
Type 6 also has many weaknesses. These include the following:
- It is hard for these personalities to not feel anxious and fearful. Because of this, they often have anxious thoughts and cannot stop working.
- They have a tendency to expect the worst possible outcome. They can also be quite negative and pessimistic about the present or the future.
- On major life decisions, they fear making the wrong decisions. Similarly, they overthink decisions and expect the worst outcome.
- These people experience a lot of insecurity and doubt. It is hard for them to trust their judgment and abilities.
Possible areas of growth for Type 6
Type 6 can grow as a person by the following:
- Type six personality needs to understand that they cannot control everything by being over-prepared. They need to learn to let go of control and realize its limits.
- They also need to stop making problems bigger than they actually are. This magnification and dramatizing tendency is actually the reason behind their anxiety.
- They need to learn to be more confident and secure in themself. It is important that they trust their judgment and their ability.
- Since they have a tendency to focus on the negative, they need to learn to direct their attention towards things that have gone well rather than trying to anticipate the worst especially failure.
Source of Stress
Type 6 gets stressed by the following:
- These personalities get upset when their relationships are not stable and they are surrounded by people they cannot trust or rely on.
- When their personal or work environment has negativity, they can get stressed.
- Situations, where these people feel like they are not needed and cannot be of any use to others, can be quite stressful for them.
- Circumstances, where these people make the wrong decision or are faced with failure, can be quite demotivating for them.
Workplace and job
People with Type 6 personalities work best in environments that recognize and appreciate their abilities. Environments that are secure and stable are good for them. They especially enjoy work that is full of certainty and allows them to build relationships with other people. It also gives the opportunity to make decisions that are well thought.
These people work best when their boss appreciates their input and overall, they feel supported and safe. When their colleagues take out time to connect with them at a personal level, can be an energy booster for them.
These personalities feel exhausted when their work environment is not stable and inconsistent. When their boss criticizes them or when their colleagues are unpredictable and too emotional, they can feel drained. Reports that deem them unreliable or lazy can be hard for them to accept.
These people make pragmatic, practical, and trustworthy workers. They are quite dedicated and hardworking and make sure to follow through with their commitments at their work. Jobs that are well suited for them include bankers, professors, Police officers, etc.
They are energized by the following:
- When they have stable, trustworthy, and constant relationships, these personalities feel secure and stable.
- They like to help other people. Situations when they can be of assistance and use to others, motivate them to be better.
- Standing up for their personal beliefs and values can be quite an energy booster for them.
- Since these people value their relationships, spending time in their company can be motivating for their spirit.
In romantic relationships, these personalities are loyal and practical people. Partners that are ideal for them need to be free-spirited. It is important that their partner points out when they stress a lot about small things. Type six should also try to get over the negative and focus on positive things.
These personalities contribute thorough decision-making and dedication to working through difficulties with their partner in a proper manner. They are loyal and committed to them.
They can struggle in relationships when they have to make important decisions that are quite difficult in nature. Similarly, maintaining their calm in tense discussions can be quite hard for them. Letting go of unhealthy relationships is also difficult for them to stop.
Type 6 Childhood/development
During their childhood, these personalities were able to connect with the protective figure in their home but learned to depend on them too much for security and guidance. This prevented them from trusting their own judgment. The rise of mistrust in their relationship with the authority figure affected them negatively and they had difficulty trusting them again. Situations where they were failed by their protective figure led to the development of feelings of ambivalence towards them. With time, they started to crave security and support. They also had feelings of mistrust and doubt towards authority. In the process, they stopped depending on their own inner voice.
FAQs: Type 6
What is a Type 6 personality?
Types 6 personalities are loyal and hardworking people. Their desire is to have stability in their life, seek to establish relationships that are built on trust, and are reliable. These people can be caring and protective of the people they love.
What is Type 6w5?
Type 6w5 or Type6 wing5 is an enneagram personality subtype. It has core characteristics of type six personality and complementary characteristics of type five personality.
In this article, we discussed enneagram Type 6. We found that people with type six personalities are quite hardworking and responsible in their manner. Their aim is to feel safe and secure from the dangers and threats of the world. To do this, they try their best to attain a sense of safety and stability. These people are quite loyal in their relationships and are always seeking to expand their social network by building close relationships with others.
I hope you found this article interesting. If you have any queries or comments, please state them in the comment section 😊
Personality Types – Using the Enneagram for Self-Discovery by Don Richard Riso with Russ Hudson
The Wisdom of the Enneagram by Don Richard Riso and Russ Huds | <urn:uuid:41089bac-8090-4d86-9c29-4324a08f8307> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://psychreel.com/enneagram-type-6/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.975344 | 1,842 | 2.375 | 2 |
Pest Control Services
Pest infestation is inconvenient at best and a serious problem and safety hazard at worst. Many people understandably can’t live knowing some annoying pests lurk around their homes waiting to pop up for an unexpected scare.
Fortunately, our pest control experts are some of the finest in Canada and are experienced in dealing with all pest problems, from cockroach infestation to bed bugs and beyond; they can do it all.
So read on to learn more about our highly trained technicians and how they can secure you a pest-free environment.
Some of the most common pests in households are ants, wasps, mosquitoes, ticks, flies, bed bugs, cockroaches, and rodents such as mice, rats, and voles. Not all are equally annoying, but a pest problem is a pest problem. And especially in hot summer months, pest extermination could be an essential service.
The Importance of Pest Control Services
Is It Worth Getting Pests Professionally Controlled?
Pest management isn’t a simple luxury for the family’s comfort but rather a way of keeping your home or business office clean and safe while giving you peace of mind.
Even if you don’t see mice, rats, or cockroaches very often, they can still spread disease to your family or pets or even cause structural damage to homes.
For example, some insects like fleas, ants, cockroaches, and mosquitoes are known parasites for diseases like Lyme, strep, malaria, dengue, and more.
On the other hand, some rodents carry serious diseases that could destroy your body. For instance, rats and mice can spread the rabies virus, hantavirus, or even the plague.
If not diseases, some pests carry a punch of debilitating venom. Perhaps the most infamous venomous pests are the dreaded black widow spiders, whose neurotoxic venom is painful on the chest and abdomen and can even cause fatal damage in some rare cases.
Another safety risk of pests is allergens. To clarify, wasps, bed bugs, ants, and some other pests can either bite or sting you to spread toxins that can trigger allergic reactions in humans. Also, be careful of fire ants because those can bite and sting at the same time!
Lastly, think of the damage pests can do to homes. That’s right; if those stinky pests don’t come for your body, they’ll target your house, and especially any wooden structures you have.
For example, a puny crawling insect chews a new home inside the wood for itself and reproduces an entire colony there. Now imagine thousands of these chewing apart your wood day in and day out. Long story short, the situation can quickly become disastrous if left unnoticed or untreated.
Rodents like mice, rats, and even squirrels, are notorious for chewing on electric wires and causing outages. In the worst cases, a rodent can cause a burst that can start a house fire.
Why Use Pest Control Services?
Time and Money Savings
As we previously talked about, pests can damage your and your family’s health through disease, allergies, and venom. They can also cause structural damage to your home, office, or site. So it’s not difficult to imagine how much time and money you could spend to fix a problem caused by bugs.
One of the businesses that need advanced pest control services the most is the agriculture business, where pests can cause so much damage to crops that the entire business can go awry.
For reference, the Canadian Encyclopedia published this article which shows that yield losses due to pest problems can reach 10% for canola, 25% for cereal grains, 50% for potatoes, 70% for onions, and 100% for apples. So obviously, losing 25 to 100% of your work’s yield isn’t sustainable for any business.
And it’s not just businesses that can save time and money. For example, many households that neglect a pest problem spend time and money on healthcare for the hazards caused by pets and reparations for structural house damage.
It’s hard to measure the costs in exact numbers. Still, the Government of Canada published this report, which estimates that one invasive pests species would cost Canada $34 million a year and each $1 spent on prevention would save $3 spent on mitigation. So this gives you an idea of how efficient pest control is in the long term.
Pest Control Services Appearance
Pest control experts have an immediately noticeable appearance. And while technicians don’t wear white-collar suits or any formal office clothes, they have their professional, clean uniforms, a truck full of chemicals, and special equipment for the job.
Once our technicians arrive, they’ll inspect the place inside and out to identify pests or any signs of pests, such as cobwebs, nests, feces.
Depending on the findings of our technicians, they’ll cover your furniture to protect it then use the proper extermination method for the situation.
We’ll also take preventive measures to ensure you and your family are satisfied with the results for as long as possible.
What Are Pest Control Services?
Types of Pest Control Services
There are four types of pest control services: organic, chemical, biological, and electronic. So let’s look at each of them in a bit of detail.
Organic pest control is defined as a way of control without using artificial chemicals. This method is usually done using baits, traps, or organic substances like oil and vinegar, sometimes even in a spray bottle.
The opposite of organic is chemical, which involves using artificial chemicals, such as pesticides, to kill pests. Be careful with these chemicals, though, as they’re pretty easy to find in shops, and some of them may contain substances that are harmful to humans.
Next up is the biological one, which involves using another organism to get rid of pests. For example, you could introduce a natural predator to the pests’ natural habitat and let it kill them off. This method is used as an effective and chemical-free way of pest control.
Lastly, we have the most technologically advanced method of the four, which is electrical control. Nowadays, pest repellers shoot off electromagnetic or ultrasonic sound waves that exterminate pests from their surrounding areas.
Our Pest Control Methods
Before any extermination starts, we thoroughly search for pests in the entire space, paying extra attention to deep holes and caves where we know pests like to hide, especially when hibernating in winter and preparing a new wave to bombard your property.
Depending on the severity of the problem, we take our time to ensure no stone is left unturned and no pests remain after we’re done with our work. But at the same time, we only use high-tier commercial methods that are effective and leave no trace of harmful substances in your home.
What’s Included in Pest Control Services
Depending on the type of service you choose, you’ll find traps, chemicals, or repellents included in the pest control service. Either way, the tangible objects included come with a guarantee of a pest-free place suitable for living and working.
Professional Pest Control Equipment
Each expert is equipped with personal protection equipment (PPE). And no matter how many years of experience an expert has or how bulky PPE may look, wearing it is always mandatory at all times for their safety. For example, bee suits, booties, masks, gloves, and so on are all PPE.
Flashlights and headlamps are also helpful for most jobs where pests are stuck in nearly unreachable dark holes, so we provide them to each technician.
Furthermore, we use organic equipment, such as traps, baits, repellents, or any other equipment that attracts and kills pests. We also have some tested chemicals for stubborn bugs, which we use with our sprayers and aerosol foggers to aim them right at the pests.
Pest Control Examples
Examples of each type of pest control are using:
- Mouse traps to catch mice.
- Ladybugs to eat aphids.
- Electromagnetic repellents to destroy rodents.
Our Pest Control Services
How to Hire a Pest Control Company?
Once you know which company you want, hiring is the easy part: you go on the website, and you’ll find a phone number, an email address, or a contact form.
In our case, there are a few methods to contact us. You can call us on 1-866-225-5666 or use our Contact Us form to book a call. Alternatively, if you want a quote, try the Get a Quote form and one of our representatives will get in touch with you.
How to Choose a Professional Pest Control Service?
There are a few questions to ask yourself about a service before picking it, such as:
- Is each technician licensed?
- How many years of experience does the company have?
- How are the reviews for this company?
- What are the company’s guarantees?
- Is the company’s approach safe?
Our Pest Control Plans
Through our experience, we’ve developed a delicate process.
First, we identify the pests and where they are, leaving no corner unchecked. Second, we cover your furniture to protect it from fleeing pests and chemicals. Next, we exterminate the pests using whatever method is suitable. And lastly, we restore your house to how it was.
To find our expert cleaner near you, click here.
The average cost for pest control services is $170, though it can be between $100 and $270, depending on the severity of the problem and the size of your place.
Yes, pest control services are well worth the investment because your house is cleaned from any pests that could damage your wellness or your place’s structure.
Yes, experienced pest control companies can completely exterminate pests while keeping your house clean and using measures to prevent future outbreaks. | <urn:uuid:c386fad4-4774-4f9c-bd0d-57942e86524b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://momcleaning.com/services/pest-control/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.929428 | 2,098 | 2.0625 | 2 |
The Veil is Removed
In the Old Testament, we are told God’s presence was in The Holy of Holies, also known as the Most Holy Place, the inner room of the Tabernacle, where the Ark of the Covenant was kept. God’s Shekinah-glory was actually seen shining above the Ark of the Covenant between the figures of the cherubim. The purpose of the veil was to keep everyone from entering the symbolic presence of God except the High Priest on the Day of Atonement (only once a year). There is only one way sinful man can enter into God’s holy presence – it is through the blood sacrifice (before Christ came, the blood sacrifice given by the High Priest; after Christ, by believing in the death (blood sacrifice) and resurrection of Jesus Christ as our Savior).
How do Christians KNOW that the veil is no longer keeping God’s Shekinah-glory away from us? When Jesus died on the cross, the veil of the Temple was torn in two from top to bottom, signifying God’s presence was no longer contained, but made available to everyone. It meant the true sacrifice had been offered up to Yahweh, the LORD God, and accepted by Him as the perfect offering for our sin.
[Some Bible references: Exodus 26, Leviticus 16:2, 2 Chronicles 3:8-10 Mark 15:37-38, Hebrews 9:3, Hebrews 10:19-24]
Scripture is clear that God is everywhere and that the Holy Spirit dwells within Christ’s believers. His presence is already with you. Encountering Him is as simple as taking some time to become aware of His nearness.
The apostle Paul wrote, “Do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have from God, and that you are not your own? For you are bought with a price; therefore glorify God in your body” (1 Corinthians 6:19–20).
Isn’t that AWESOME! God, His Shekinah-glory, DWELLS in each believer because of Christ’s complete sacrifice for us.
Praying you will be FILLED with God’s incredible glory and presence ~ Faye
Posted on January 29, 2018, in Coram Deo - Before the Face of God, God's Blessings, Transforming and tagged 2 Corinthians 3:18, Christ's sacrifice, God's Shekinah glory, Holy of Holies, reflect God's glory, Veil, Veil torn in two. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment. | <urn:uuid:e5697743-6f62-4714-8e0c-8f9f2b4a6334> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://godsabundantblessings.com/2018/01/29/the-veil-is-removed/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.953903 | 560 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Although Alice L. Walton no longer resides in the state, her vision and efforts continue to bring the world to Arkansas.
Walton, only daughter of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. founder Sam Walton, now makes her home in Texas, but her influence on Arkansas not only lives on; it continues to grow as her dream of a great museum of American art takes shape.
While Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville likely - and rightly - tops most people's list of her grand initiatives, it's just the most visible.
The 16th-richest person in the world with a net worth of $20.6 billion, according to Forbes' latest accounting, was the driving force behind the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport at Highfill, which opened in 1998 with President Bill Clinton doing the dedicating honors.
Asked to describe Walton's role in the development of the $107 million airport, Scott Van Laningham, executive director and CEO of the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport Authority, was succinct: "In a word, critical.
"She was the first chairman of the Northwest Arkansas Council, and it was the council that went around to the cities and counties and urged them to create the Airport Authority as the separate public entity to proceed with the studying, looking for the site, all of that early work."
That was in 1990. Alice Walton, now 60, and other Walton family members helped raise funds to start building the airport, and the Llama Co. of Fayetteville, an investment firm then headed by Walton, underwrote an almost $80 million bond issue to finance its construction.
"Her firm sold those bonds at a time when we didn't have a contract with an airline; we didn't have a contract with a single car rental company; we didn't have a contract with a hot dog vendor," Van Laningham said. "We were able to sell those bonds basically by selling the vision of what was possible in northwest Arkansas."
In 1999, the Airport Authority board named the terminal building after Walton, and she was inducted into the Arkansas Aviation Hall of Fame in 2001.
In 2005, Walton announced plans to build Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art on Walton family property. The 100-acre site was dedicated in 2007, and construction of the museum continues. The estimated cost of the museum, first put at $50 million, has risen, and the opening, first scheduled for 2009 and then 2010, has been pushed back.
The museum's 2008 IRS Form 990 shows more than $66 million has been spent on construction so far. Putting a value on the museum's collection is difficult. However, the Forms 990 indicate that Crystal Bridges has spent at least $223 million on art acquisitions between 2006 and 2008. The value of the collection, which includes masterworks by Charles Willson Peale and Winslow Homer, likely is much higher.
The museum estimates that 250,000 people will visit in its first year.
A less well-known Walton initiative is Camp War Eagle, which opened in 2006 on 383 acres on Beaver Lake in Benton County. The camp, for children 7 to 17 from Benton, Washington, Carroll and Madison counties, was also the result of Walton's efforts, with help from the Walton Family Foundation.
The camp "is a result of the vision and dream that Alice had," said Sam Torn, the camp's executive director. "She was the complete driving force behind the formation and founding of the camp."
Camp War Eagle is more than summer recreation with a Christian emphasis, Torn said. Walton wanted "to create a place that could identify needs that existed in the lives of these children and create a program that followed up with these children on a year-round basis," he said. The camp offers access to tutoring services and a mentoring program.
The camp has served 9,000 children so far and is set to serve another 4,000 this summer.
Asked what Alice Walton's influence had been on Arkansas, Ed Clifford, president and CEO of the Bentonville/Bella Vista Chamber of Commerce, said, "I think what she's done is present us with a different vision of ourselves. ... And what Alice has done for northwest Arkansas - and for all of Arkansas, I suspect, when Crystal Bridges opens - is give us a different personality. I think that's her major contribution to Arkansas."
What is that personality?
"It's a much more global personality," Clifford said. "It's a personality that puts us directly in contact with 18 destination cities now from an airport. It's a personality that will make us one of the finest American art museums anywhere."He said, "When I think of what Alice has accomplished, it's always about vision," adding, "she never forgot from where she came." | <urn:uuid:419fe3f7-ab30-4da0-8d86-0f3fef45054c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.arkansasbusiness.com/article/37302/alice-walton-working-to-bring-the-world-to-arkansas-door?page=all | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.974581 | 977 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The Choral Society of Bilbao-Bilboko Koral Elkartea was founded in 1886 for the development of music in general and in particular the choir.
Founded in 1985as an intermediate step between the Conservatory Choir or Children’s Choir and the adult choir or the Choral Society itself.
Founded in 1984 by the Director of the Coral de Bilbao, relies primarily on the conservatory students and the society itself.
BECOME A MEMBER OF THE BILBAO CHOIR
You will enjoy numerous advantages linked to the world of music and culture
Do you want your children to have a comprehensive personal and social development?Would you like them to receive artistic training?
Children from three to seven years old begin to familiarize themselves with music. The areas they work on are: singing, listening, rhythm and movement, all presented in a fun and playful way.
- Structured according to the age of the student
- Various activities are organized to raise awareness of the various instruments
- From 5 years old, children have the opportunity to start practicing some of them
- From 7 years old, children join choir practice
- Throughout the school year auditions and performances are scheduled
The student must meet the program objectives.The law regulates the academic aspects relating to the promotion of the course; evaluation, etc.
Aimed at people of all ages who wish to learn and practice music away from formal education.
Access to different documents; school policies, admission tests, application forms, etc. | <urn:uuid:8c1b0024-5484-49d2-9167-8ecdeb519381> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.coraldebilbao.com/en/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.925529 | 322 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Warwickshire council has been criticised by the Local Government Ombudsman (LGO) for failing to provide a disabled woman in her thirties with a same sex carer.
The woman, who had significant needs and was not able to communicate verbally, received regular respite care from a residential centre so her parents could take breaks from their caring responsibilities.
The couple became concerned about staffing levels in the centre when it changed hands in 2011.
Warwickshire was not able to guarantee that the care home, which was owned by the council, would provide the woman with a female member of staff for her intimate care needs including washing and using the toilet.
The mother felt the new staff would be unfamiliar with her daughter’s hand signals and that her needs would not be provided for if she was left there. She was forced to cancel a holiday to stay with her.
While there is no legal requirement to provide same sex carers, ombudsman Dr Jane Martin said it was not good enough for a provider to say they could not guarantee it.
“They need to demonstrate they have made every effort to ensure the service is delivered in the way that is best for the recipient.”
In this case the family did not feel confident the council could protect their daughter, Martin said.
The LGO recommended the council apologise to the couple and pay them £5,500 for the more than two years they were unable to access appropriate respite care. | <urn:uuid:cc03c248-7aee-4a5f-9df9-faed5206f79d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.communitycare.co.uk/2014/11/17/good-enough-council-say-guarantee-sex-carers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.988976 | 300 | 1.578125 | 2 |
These are all Top 10 Amazing Facts of the World 2021 and interesting facts . You will find 10 amazing facts and 10 facts that will help you. I hope all of this is different for you. There are many more facts in this world. They are all available on our website. You can find amazing facts about space and 10 interesting facts. You can find all 10 types of facts here. My goal is to bring new information to all people every day. All these will be useful to you at some point.
1.Do you know a liter of petrol is Rs.1?
Definitely not in India. The price of petrol in India is Rs.100.00 . A liter of petrol in Venezuela can cost you only (Rs.1.48 )in India,(0.02 USD). If any country in the world sells petrol at the highest price, then a liter of petrol in Hong Kong sells for 2.50 USD (Rs.185.00) in Indian currency. Hong Kong became petrol. ranked 167th on the list. This shows that even though petrol prices are going up day by day, prices are still low in many places. If we do not put GST petrol in India, the price will go down.
2.What happened to the daily 2 dates eating together?
We know that peppers are high in nutrients. Do you know what happens to your daily diet? What are the benefits of eating pears? . It is enough to eat 2 dates daily. Eating 2 dates a day helps to improve your skin complexion, nourishes your hair, helps you lose weight, improves digestion, and acts as a brain booster.
3.Bus Tickets for Free.
Residents of the town of Cluj-Napoca in western Romania can get a free bus ticket through the machine there. The machine can do 20 squats before doing free squats. It aims to promote physical activity and a healthy lifestyle by doing 20 squats in two minutes to get a free bus ticket. The so-called “health ticket” is valid for city trips.
4.Solar panels are required on the roof of every French home.
The French government has announced that if you want to build a new house in France, you must install solar panels on the roof of the house; otherwise, the plants will grow.
5.The most expensive bicycle in the world?
We will all ride a bicycle at least once in our lives. It can be up to a thousand rupees. At most, our bicycle can be up to 5,000 rupees, but it is the most expensive bicycle in the world. We are making this bicycle the most expensive in the world, which is why you might think this bicycle is expensive. All the equipment from it is made of gold, so only its price is high. This bicycle is designed to suit the users . All equipment is made of gold, so its price is high.
6.Luxembourg Free Public Transport.(Top 10 amazing facts of the world 2021)
With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of the smallest countries in Europe .Luxembourg is the first country in the world to provide free public transport for all. In fact, it is the first country in the world to offer free transportation services to residents and visitors. The government has introduced a free public transport system to surprise everyone as a measure to reduce dense car traffic. Reports say the move will affect about 40 percent of households, and they could save about 100 euros a year. The move comes in the wake of a broader plan aimed at reducing congestion. As of March 1, 2020, all public transport in the country – trains, trams and buses – is now free.
7.The world’s first blue-colored volcanic eruption. (Top 10 amazing facts of the world 2021)
The volcano in Indonesia is blue. But in the Kawa Igen, very large amounts of sulfur gases are emitted along with volcanoes at high pressures and temperatures (sometimes above 600 C). Exposing the oxygen in the air, induced by volcanoes, sulfur burns easily, and its flames are bright blue.
8.In 1968, Frist introduced the Boeing 747 Passenger flight.
The world’s first 747 passenger flight was introduced in America in 1968. In 1968, the program cost was US$1 billion (equivalent to $5.7 billion in 2019 dollars). On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out and shown to the public for the first time.
9.Rocks with the shape of sharks.(Top 10 amazing facts of the world 2021)
Hin Sam Wan, which means Three Whale Rock, is a 75 million-year-old rock formation jutting majestically out of the mountains. It earned its name because from the right perspective, it looks like a family of whales .At the summit of Sam Wan Mountain, Thailand, there are three rock masses evoking floating whales that formed about 75 million years ago.”
10.World Smallest Phone(Top 10 amazing facts of the world 2021)
ZANCO Tiny t1 World’s Smallest Mini Phone Small Phone Bluetooth Phone GSM Mini Phone with Voice Changer (with Voice Changer (Limited Stock Available)
- Zanco Tiny T1 is equipped with a 0.49 inch OLED screen, resolution 64×32, . Nano SIM card, uses Micro USB interface, built-in 200mAh capacity battery, maximum talk time 180 minutes, standby 3 day.
- The world’s smallest mobile phone; measuring at a very tiny 46.7mmx 21mm (H x W).
- Other features include Bluetooth music connection so you can control a Bluetooth device; play music, pause, next and previous etc. You can also sync contacts, SMS and music with your smartphone through Bluetooth. Despite its size the phone is really easy to and will make the perfect novelty gift for family, friends or yourself.
- Voices include: Woman, Man, Child, Old, Cartoon, Young, Optimus, Duck, Robot, WALL-E, EVA, Rap man and Rap women.
- Available languages include: English (UK), English (US), French, Spanish and Russian and so on | <urn:uuid:8dabe973-13a2-4c08-bce2-ba4496559656> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://factinworld.com/top-10-amazing-facts-in-the-world/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.941418 | 1,279 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Did you recently watch one of those classic black and white films from generations ago that had an actor as a hotel doorman wearing a very funny looking hat who would always be referred to as a bellhop? Did you watch that film and become curious as to what or who a bellhop is and what exactly he or she does? Don't worry because you're not the only person that has ever had such thoughts.
The term bellhop is one you don't hear all that often anymore but it used to be a term that was quite in vogue back in the day. A bellhop, also known as a bellman or bellboy, is a term used to refer to a hotel porter, which is a hotel employee that would assist hotel patrons on vacation from with their luggage during the check out and check in phase of any hotel stay. You might have even encountered bellhops while visiting a friend's condo in Toronto, as some condos employ bellhops. Should you be interested in buying your own condominium unit with a bell hop, you may want to begin your search here.
Most hotel bellhops were required to were a uniform that included those funny looks hats that resemble a drum or squat can. The bellboy hat was designed in a way to replicate military drummer boy caps, chinstrap and all. The term bellhop was coined because of how the hotel front desk clerks would have to ring a bell in order for a hotel employee to come to the front. That hotel employee would then "hop" to attention and receive their instructions from the front desk, be it to help patrons find out where their room is located or valet their car.
There's not a whole lot more to the bellhop story then what we've mentioned and even though it is a unique sounding word it doesn't have the most exciting origin story. Bellhop or bellboy is more used in American English than British English, as the United Kingdom uses the word porter for their hotel doormen. We also mentioned how bellhops are also known as bellboys and that's because bellhops traditionally were boys or adolescent males and therefore, bellboy become a common phrase as well. Nowadays though the profession of bellhop isn't limited strictly to boys or adolescent males, as people of all types and ages work as bellhops such as old men and adolescent females.
The duties of bellhops vary from hotel to hotel but mainly they're are asked to open the front door for hotel guests, carry luggage to and from rooms, valet cars, call cabs, transport guests, and provide directions when asked. Whatever a hotel guest needs a bellhop should be able to provide, be it providing information on what the fastest route to their appointment is or tell them about where the best places in town are to eat. Now that you know what the term bellhop means, where the term came from hopefully you'll know be a little more appreciative of bellhops during your stay. | <urn:uuid:99f79281-410c-41da-be3a-bb9d511c13b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.majesteas.ca/Bell_Hop.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.987778 | 600 | 2.28125 | 2 |
How do you get finance when you’re a small or medium sized enterprise specialising in research? First you have to identify your needs, make the most of your potential and find great partners. And luckily the Enterprise Europe Network helps companies do just that!
Electrical activity in the brain can be analysed using microchips connected to the neurons of mice. This small German company markets models of this electrical activity and sells them to laboratories which are developing treatments for diseases of the nervous system, for example. Launched with 4 people in 2007, the company now has 17 employees and their turnover doubles every year. Great results which are due to hard work and a little free help from the European network.
Alexandra Voss, Chief Scientific Officer, Neuroproof, said: “With the European Network, we found partners for specific calls. So within these calls, we established specific models with our method. We had one project which was related to pain. So we established the pain model. One project is working with stem cells. We established models for stem cells. This is what had really helped to find the right partners for this kind of projects.”
And thanks to these partnerships, the company has taken part in research projects and been awarded around 1.4 million in EU grants. These projects allowed them to update their technology.
Alexandra Voss said: “Without this help, we would not have had the focus to establish new technologies and our methods like human stem cells, like transgenic models and stuff like that. Because, they are so time and work consuming, and money consuming, you really need projects with international partners for that.”
And today, the company continues their collaboration with Frank Graage, one of the 3,000 experts in the Enterprise Europe Network. Now that the technology is up to date, she has even recruted three more people to help develop the business.
Frank Graage, Enterprise Europe Network Expert, said: “Nowadays, the application is much more advanced. Now, they know exactly which areas they focus on, which markets they focus on. So today, we have to look for different perspectives to help them. Now we are looking much more for business partners. And not so much for research partners.”
Alexandra Voss said: “For me, the keys to success are: find global partners for your business developement, and for your scientific development. And, most important: keep your people happy!” | <urn:uuid:4ed1a4ba-34ec-48ea-8c14-0ce1592d0d41> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.euronews.com/next/2012/07/11/meeting-targets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.96776 | 508 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Bypass Internet Censorship
Access any websites securely and speak freely
Trustpilot 4.9 out of 5Get Hide.me
Celebrate freedom of speech
With hide.me, you can protect your online identity. Access your favourite websites and services such as Facebook, Twitter, Gmail, Vimeo, Spotify, Youtube, iTunes, Skype, Facetime, and more securely. By encrypting your activity with hide.me and using an public IP address, you’re safe to say and do what you want on the internet.
What Is Internet Censorship?
Governments, Corporations, ISPs, Organizations and Agencies are taking control of the internet and monitor all your activities. How this works is that these ISPs or Government authorities log your browsing history based on your IP Address. Now here is what hide.me VPN does for you, it provides you an IP of another country which will help you hide your browsing activities. hide.me offers servers in more than 75 locations to make sure you can access any website securely.
Access Social Media Websites
Government and law enforcement agencies love to monitor social media websites like Facebook, Twitter YouTube etc. If you live in a country where social media sites are censored, all you need to do is connect to hide.me server and should able to visit social media websites without someone monitoring your activities.
Access VoIP Services
What else can make your life easier in far far lands than having your loved ones near to you all the time? Well, that’s the dream, but unfortunately some countries throttle VOIP services like Skype, Viber, Whatsapp call, Facetime or any other kind of video/voice calling services. If you live in such a country, you shouldn’t worry because hide.me VPN provides a solution overcome this problem. Just download hide.me app on your phone or your laptop and hide your online activity from spying eyes.
Access News Sites Securely
Governments, in many countries, try to limit access to news websites in order to control the flow of information. We strongly believe that the internet should be free and everyone should have access to all the information available on the internet. In case you live in a country where you cant access a news site, all you have to do is connect to hide.me and you should be able to avoid government surveillance. | <urn:uuid:b02377ab-cb36-4df9-9bfa-16dbd27296db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://technologytrainingonline.com/bypass-censorship.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.905485 | 482 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Technology has made it much simpler to bring creative minds and ideas closer together while also advancing those concepts. This fusion of technology and creativity has resulted in a slew of new ideas and ways for individuals to express themselves.
Similarly, How does technology help enhancing creativity in learners?
Technology encourages creativity since it is an interactive medium, as opposed to one-way engagement in activities like watching TV. Technology, when utilized effectively, may provide a platform for kids to participate in meaningful creative activities and discover their own potential.
Also, it is asked, How does technology affect creative thinking?
Technology not only allows for, but also encourages, innovation. Anyone with an Internet connection may refine their abilities and be inspired by others via platforms like YouTube, while meeting sites enable young musicians, authors, and filmmakers to come together and discuss ideas and strategies.
Secondly, How does technology impact student creativity?
It helps students strengthen their creative talents and examine the significance of their own work and experiences. Many free programs, such as Story Bird, PicLits, Slidestory, and others, may be used by students to create their own digital tales.
Also, How does social media help creativity?
Social media may aid your creative process by breaking up your daily routine, exposing you to a varied audience who can help you view things in new ways, erasing mental obstacles, and encouraging you to laugh more often. All of these will immediately aid in the development and encouragement of your creativity.
People also ask, Is internet making us more creative?
With its reshaping of media and supply of new modes of engagement, the Internet fosters innovation. New works and modes of expression have been made possible thanks to digital technology.
Related Questions and Answers
How important is technology to the arts?
Essentially, technology aids an artist’s creativity by broadening their possibilities while also limiting the issues that they may face. It reduces the amount of effort required to create art, giving artists more time to reflect on and grow their creativity.
How does technology affect children’s imagination?
Children now spend more time looking at devices than ever before, with smartphones and tablets vying for their attention with television. While some claim that technology may help children grow, industry professionals warn that too much screen time might lead to a lack of creativity.
How social media is affecting creativity of youth?
Social networking has deceived and failed to replace time-honored (often solitary), passionate labour in the development of skill and expertise. The amount of likes and followers on social media networks may increasingly be used to mislead young creatives into a false feeling of creative identity and achievement.
Does social media reduce creativity?
The more time you spend on social networking, the more time you lose from being creative. To concentrate on their daily responsibilities, creative individuals block social media websites and applications, and you should do the same. Although social media has its benefits, it is important to utilize it responsibly and within specific parameters.
How is technology limiting creativity?
There is a school of thought that technology is suffocating our collective creativity by bombarding us with information – digital distraction. Some detractors argue that the public has access to too much information and that individuals can get what they need without having to come up with their own ideas.
Is technology taking away our creativity?
Distraction from the internet hinders creativity. When we get digitally distracted (that is, when we aren’t attentive of how we use technology), our creativity is harmed or lost entirely. Creativity is one of the most important human attributes, not to mention one of our most significant abilities as creators.
Is technology limiting creativity pros and cons?
According to studies, there are benefits and drawbacks to technology in terms of promoting and diminishing creativity. As a result, the goal of this research is to show that technology kills creativity by impeding human imagination; computation has replaced creativity, and education is no longer required to improve your talents.
How can technology be used as a form of art?
To begin, digital manipulation is a technique for digitally altering artwork. Artists may change conventional artwork to obtain new outcomes using a range of approaches and procedures. Photo editing is a popular example of this approach. A student’s drawing or painting, on the other hand, may be treated in the same way.
What are the benefits of using technology?
The benefits of technology are ever evolving, but here are a few examples of good technological improvements in the classroom! It creates a more active learning environment. Students are better prepared for the future. Connects with students more effectively. Collaboration is boosted. It aids with learning.
How does technology help learning?
Students benefit from technology because it gives them with fast access to knowledge, rapid learning, and engaging ways to apply what they’ve learned. It allows students, especially in STEM, to study new disciplines and get a better comprehension of complex ideas.
What is importance of technology?
Information technology is vital in our lives because it allows us to cope with the ever-changing nature of our daily lives. Technology provides a variety of methods for accelerating development and exchanging information. Both of these things are IT’s goals: to make work simpler and to address a variety of issues.
How does screen time affect creativity?
In comparison to reality, most of what occurs on television delivers “impoverished” stimulation to the growing brain, he claims. Children need a variety of online and offline activities, as well as the opportunity to let their brains roam. “Boredom is the fertile ground for creativity and imagination,” he argues.
How can social media be an avenue for fostering self creativity?
When used as educational tools, social media has the potential to foster creativity (e.g., Ferguson, 2011; Jang, 2009) by providing “the potential to open up classroom experiences, making them more learner-centered, and expanding the potential content base of the class” (e.g., Ferguson, 2011; Jang, 2009). (Dennen, 2018, p. 239)
Why creativity is important in social media marketing?
You Develop a More Effective Marketing Strategy Because it reveals what stimulates consumer interaction, creativity aids in the development of a stronger marketing plan. You may personalize your marketing to the numerous groups that make up your audience by leveraging the data supplied by analytics.
How have emerging technologies impacted the creative arts and media?
They have the ability to elicit new and significant emotions, skills, and understandings, making material more effective than when delivered via conventional media. As the cost of immersive technology falls, producers will be able to reimagine storytelling and narrative material in a whole new way.
Is technology killing creativity group discussion?
Technology is beneficial, but it is slowly but steadily suffocating everyone’s creativity. We use the internet instead of seeking or imagining in our heads. To keep our minds fresh and inventive, we should continually dream with our minds. Imagination is more vital than information.
What do you understand by creativity?
The capacity to create something new, whether it’s a new solution to a problem, a new technique or technology, or a new creative piece or shape, is known as creativity.
Why does technology decrease students social skills?
Time spent in person with classmates and adults diminishes as time spent on gadgets grows. Studies demonstrate that kids with the least in-person connection and the greatest screen usage had the highest rates of loneliness and sadness.
How the technology did change the life of the artist?
Technology has had a significant influence on the arts. It has provided artists with several chances and increased the variety of methods available to them. Artists may now “paint” on an iPad in the same way they do with a paintbrush and paint on canvas.
How technology is changing the art world today?
The advancement of technology has transformed the way art is made and disseminated, allowing revolutionary artists and their unique expressions to reach out to entire new audiences outside the traditional bounds of the art world.
How has advanced technology contributed to the potential for artistic creativity?
The internet has aided many artists in making their work more visible and accessible to a wider audience. As a result of advanced technology, artists were able to change and manipulate their work, making it a prominent art medium.
How has digitalization of arts affected the world?
Digital art has evolved into technologies that enable artists to modernize classic art forms, such as 3D virtual reality (VR) or computer graphic approaches. It’s basically a new instrument that will be used to push the boundaries of creativity and imagination for a variety of creative purposes.
Why is digital photography important?
Thousands of different areas utilize digital photography to gather and analyze data, from nature photographers photographing never-before-seen flora and fauna to revolutionaries shooting and transmitting photographs that will inspire change, indicating that digital photography is indeed one of the most vital
Technology has had a huge impact on creativity. It has allowed people to create, share and communicate in ways that were not possible before.
This Video Should Help:
Creativity is an important part of the world, and technology has helped to make it easier for people to express themselves. Here are some examples of creativity in technology.
- how can technology enhance student creativity
- technology is killing creativity essay
- technology is killing creativity quotes
- technology and creativity in the classroom
- the impact of technology on human creativity research paper | <urn:uuid:2e570e42-6d2d-4914-ab29-1bd407d2fcdf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://abtuts.com/how-does-technology-help-creativity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.943999 | 1,949 | 3.40625 | 3 |
On Friday, Tennessee State Parks, the Department of Transportation and local leaders gathered to cut the ribbon on the Tires to Trails project.
The 2.5-mile-long walking and biking path is one of the longest rubber-bearing trails in the U.S. It surpasses even Yellowstone’s rubber path to Old Faithful, which spans about 1.2 miles, according to Yellowstone Gate.
Local contractors and volunteers collected more than 24,000 tires that had been illegally dumped in the area from passenger, commercial truck and heavy equipment vehicles.
In an interview with Fox News Digital, T.O. Fuller State Park manager and ranger Jimmy Warren revealed how the project first came to life — and how leaders had the intention of putting discarded tires to good use. | <urn:uuid:e43abe02-da99-48d9-9ee9-c3a7475079d7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://i898.s1000.xrea.com/tennessee-park-unveils-new-walking-trail-made-of-old-recycled-tires/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.93607 | 157 | 2.03125 | 2 |
The English Centre provides the best English language courses in Tashkent for those who plan to study at the British Management University in Tashkent (hereinafter, the University) or at a different higher education institution in an English-speaking country. We also have a language programme designed for working professionals wishing to boost their career by gaining conversational and professional fluency in English. Our courses will build confidence through interactive teaching of the four key communication skills – speaking, listening, reading, and writing.
What makes our English Programmes different?
ALL English courses will be taught by native speakers from the U.K., Ireland, USA, Australia and other English-speaking countries
Real-life business scenarios and actual business cases based on the instructors’ rich teaching and business experience will be used in the classroom
Interactive group work will be used extensively to enable participants to communicate effectively in the English-speaking environment | <urn:uuid:fa6e159b-73f7-4808-a3b8-00c91f9b9eb3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bmu-edu.uz/english-centre/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.914115 | 186 | 1.515625 | 2 |
08:00 - 15:45
Youngs gate 6 Oslo
Redd Barna/Save the Children Norway and Sex og Politikk/IPPF Norway is hosting a conference on adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights.
Why: There is currently little global consensus about what programs are effective in promoting adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights (ASRHR). In addition, ambivalence about the appropriateness of SRHR services for young people tends to become institutionalized in countries, resulting in policies that are either underfunded, contradictory or unimplemented—or with no policies at all. Finally, inequities of access often leave the needs of marginalized youth unaddressed. This one-day conference aims to assess the current state-of-the-art information and evidence on effective programming in ASRHR. It will identify key challenges, explore innovations in health promotion, and assess the policy environment.
How: Via presentations by leading researchers and practitioners, moderated panel discussions, and participant participation, the conference seeks to: 1) provide state-of-the-art technical and practical information for NGOs working in ASRHR to aid in program planning and implementation, 2) increase knowledge of participants regarding avenues for ASRHR advocacy, and 3) continue to raise the profile of ASRHR as an important area of global public health programming and advocacy.
Who (again): Speakers include representatives from leading international SRHR organizations, including the International Planned Parenthood Federation, Save the Children, the Population Council, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health. (See complete program below)
To Register: The seminar is open to everyone and free of charge, but registration is required. Simply email your name, email address, telephone number, and institutional affiliation (if any) to email@example.com. Kindly insert ASRHR Conference in the subject line. No further text is necessary.
08:00 – 08:15 Welcome and Introductions
08:15 – 08:45 Keynote address – Why focus on ASRHR? Why now?
Session One – Priority Areas of Concern
08:45 – 09:05 Early unintended and repeat pregnancy
09:05 – 09:25 HIV and sexually transmitted infections
09:25 – 09:45 Child marriage
09:45 – 10:30 Combined question and answer session
10:30 – 11:00 Morning Break
Session Two – Interventions that Work
11:00 – 11:20 Comprehensive Sexuality Education
11:20 – 11:40 Economic Incentives, including cash transfers
11:40 – 12:00 Quality health services, with special attention to emergency contraception and safe abortion
12:00 – 12:20 Social and Behavior Change Communication
12:20 – 13:00 Lunch
13:00 – 13:45 Combined question and answer session
Session Three – Policy and Advocacy
13:45 – 14:05 Priority policy concerns regarding ASRHR in a global context
14:05 – 14:30 Afternoon Break
14:30 – 15:30 Panel Discussion: Moving the ASRHR agenda forward in Norway and in the world
15:30 – 15:45 Closing reflections | <urn:uuid:514d4ece-117b-4f51-82a0-26d0989a1386> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sexogpolitikk.no/events/adolescent-sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-rights-in-developing-countries-priority-issues-evidence-based-interventions-and-policy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.862962 | 702 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Paying attention to the moment-to-moment experience of eating can help you improve your diet, manage food cravings, and even lose weight. Here’s how to start eating mindfully.
What is mindful eating?
Mindful eating is maintaining an in-the-moment awareness of the food and drink you put into your body. It involves observing how the food makes you feel and the signals your body sends about taste, satisfaction, and fullness. Mindful eating requires you to simply acknowledge and accept rather than judge the feelings, thoughts, and bodily sensations you observe. It can extend to the process of buying, preparing, and serving your food as well as consuming it.
For many of us, our busy daily lives often make mealtimes rushed affairs. We find ourselves eating in the car commuting to work, at the desk in front of a computer screen, or parked on the couch watching TV. We eat mindlessly, shoveling food down regardless of whether we’re still hungry or not. In fact, we often eat for reasons other than hunger—to satisfy emotional needs, to relieve stress, or cope with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, anxiety, loneliness, or boredom. Mindful eating is the opposite of this kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.
Mindful eating isn’t about being perfect, always eating the right things, or never allowing yourself to eat on-the-go again. And it’s not about establishing strict rules for how many calories you can eat or which foods you have to include or avoid in your diet. Rather, it’s about focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for, cook, serve, and eat your food.
While mindfulness isn’t for everyone, many people find that by eating this way, even for just a few meals a week, you can become more attuned to your body. This can help you to avoid overeating, make it easier to change your dietary habits for the better, and enjoy the improved well-being that comes with a healthier diet.
Benefits of mindful eating
By paying close attention to how you feel as you eat—the texture and tastes of each mouthful, your body’s hunger and fullness signals, how different foods affect your energy and mood—you can learn to savor both your food and the experience of eating. Being mindful of the food you eat can promote better digestion, keep you full with less food, and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the future. It can also help you free yourself from unhealthy habits around food and eating.
Eating mindfully can help you to:
- Slow down and take a break from the hustle and bustle of your day, easing stress and anxiety.
- Examine and change your relationship with food—helping you to notice when you turn to food for reasons other than hunger, for example.
- Derive greater pleasure from the food you eat, as you learn to slow down and more fully appreciate your meals and snacks.
- Make healthier choices about what you eat by focusing on how each type of food makes you feel after eating it.
- Improve your digestion by eating slower.
- Feel fuller sooner and by eating less food.
- Make a greater connection to where your food comes from, how it’s produced, and the journey it’s taken to your plate.
- Eat in a healthier, more balanced way.
How to practice mindful eating
To practice mindfulness, you need to participate in an activity with total awareness. In the case of mindful eating, it’s important to eat with all your attention rather than on “automatic pilot” or while you’re reading, looking at your phone, watching TV, daydreaming, or planning what you’re doing later. When your attention strays, gently bring it back to your food and the experience of cooking, serving, and eating.
Try practicing mindful eating for short, five-minute periods at first and gradually build up from there. And remember: you can begin mindful eating when you’re making your shopping list or browsing the menu at a restaurant. Carefully assess each item you add to your list or choose from the menu.
- Start by taking a few deep breaths and considering the health value of each different piece of food. While nutrition experts continually debate exactly which foods are “healthy” and which are not, the best rule of thumb is to eat food that is as close as possible to the way nature made it.
- Employ all your senses while you’re shopping, cooking, serving, and eating your food. How do different foods look, smell, and feel as you chop? How do they sound as they’re being cooked? How do they taste as you eat?
- Be curious and make observations about yourself, as well as the food you’re about to eat. Notice how you’re sitting, sit with good posture but remain relaxed. Acknowledge your surroundings but learn to tune them out. Focusing on what’s going on around you can distract you from the process of eating and take away from the mindfulness experience.
- Tune into your hunger. How hungry are you? You want to come to the table when you’re hungry, but not ravenous after skipping meals. Know what your intentions are in eating this specific meal. Are you eating because you’re actually hungry or is it that you’re bored, need a distraction, or think it’s what you should be doing?
- With the food in front of you, take a moment to appreciate it—and any people you’re sharing the meal with—before eating. Pay attention to the textures, shapes, colors and smells of the food. What reactions do you have to the food, and how do the smells make you feel?
- Take a bite, and notice how it feels in your mouth. How would you describe the texture now? Try to identify all the ingredients, all the different flavors. Chew thoroughly and notice how you chew and what that feels like.
- Focus on how your experience shifts moment to moment. Do you feel yourself getting full? Are you satisfied? Take your time, stay present and don’t rush the experience.
- Put your utensils down between bites. Take time to consider how you feel—hungry, satiated—before picking up your utensils again. Listen to your stomach, not your plate. Know when you’re full and stop eating.
- Give gratitude and reflect on where this food came from, the plants or animals involved, and all the people it took to transport the food and bring it onto your plate. Being more mindful about the origins of our food can help us all make wiser and more sustainable choices.
- Continue to eat slowly as you talk with your dining companions, paying close attention to your body’s signals of fullness. If eating alone, try to stay present to the experience of consuming the food.
Fitting mindful eating into your life
For most of us, it’s unrealistic to think we can be mindful for every bite or even for every meal we eat. The pressures of work and family sometimes mean you’re forced to eat on the go or have only a limited window to eat something or risk going hungry for the rest of the day. But even when you can’t adhere to a strict mindful eating practice, you can still avoid eating mindlessly and ignoring your body’s signals.
Perhaps you can take a few deep breaths before eating a meal or snack to quietly contemplate what you’re about to put into your body. Are you eating in response to hunger signals or are you eating in response to an emotional signal? Maybe you’re bored or anxious or lonely?
Similarly, are you eating food that is nutritionally healthy or are you eating food that is emotionally comforting? Even if you have to eat at your desk, for example, can you take a few moments to focus all your attention on your food, rather than multitasking or being distracted by your computer or phone?
Think of mindful eating like exercise: every little bit counts. The more you can do to slow down, focus solely on the process of eating, and listen to your body, the greater satisfaction you’ll experience from your food and the greater control you’ll have over your diet and nutrition habits.
|Making the switch from mindless to mindful eating|
|Mindless eating:||Mindful eating:|
|Eating on autopilot or while multitasking (driving, working, reading, watching TV, etc.).||Focusing all your attention on your food and the experience of eating.|
|Eating to fill an emotional void (because you’re stressed, lonely, sad, or bored, for example).||Eating only to satisfy physical hunger.|
|Eating junk or comfort food.||Eating nutritionally healthy meals and snacks.|
|Eating food as quickly as possible.||Eating slowly, savoring every bite.|
|Eating until all the food has gone, ignoring your body’s signals of fullness.||Listening to your body’s signals and eating only until you’re full.|
Using mindfulness to explore your relationship with food
Whether you’re aware of it or not, food dramatically affects your well-being. It can affect the way you feel physically, how you respond emotionally, and how you manage mentally. It can boost your energy and outlook or it can drain your resources and make you feel sluggish, moody, and dispirited.
We all know that we should eat less sugar and processed foods and more fruit and vegetables. But if simply knowing the “rules” of healthy eating was enough, none of us would be overweight or hooked on junk food. When you eat mindfully and become more attuned to your body, however, you can start to feel how different foods affect you physically, mentally, and emotionally. And that can make it much easier to make the switch to healthier food choices. For example, once you realize that the sugary snack you crave when you’re tired or depressed actually leaves you feeling even worse, it’s easier to manage those cravings and opt for a healthier snack that boosts your energy and mood instead.
Many of us only really pay attention to how food makes us feel when it causes us to be physically ill. The question we should be asking is not, “Does my food make me sick?” but rather, “How well does it make me feel?” In other words, how much better do you feel after eating? How much more energy and enthusiasm do you have after a meal or snack?
How does your food make you feel?
To fully explore your relationship with food, it’s important to become aware of how different foods make you feel. How do you feel after you swallow the food? How do you feel in five minutes, in an hour, or several hours after eating? How do you feel generally throughout the day?
To start tracking the relationship between what you eat and how it makes you feel, try the following exercise:
Tracking the link between food and feeling
- Eat in your usual way. Select the foods, amounts, and the times for eating that you normally do, only now add mindfulness to what you are doing.
- Keep a record of all that you eat, including nibbles and snacks between meals. Don’t kid yourself—you won’t remember it all unless you write it all down or track it in an app!
- Pay attention to your feelings—physical and emotional—five minutes after you have eaten; one hour after you have eaten; two or three hours after you’ve eaten.
- Notice if there has been a shift or change as the result of eating. Do you feel better or worse than before you ate? Do you feel energized or tired? Alert or sluggish?
Keeping a record on your phone or in a notebook can heighten your awareness of how the meals and snacks you eat affect your mood and well-being.
Experimenting with different food combinations
Once you’re able to connect your food choices to your physical and mental well-being, the process of selecting food becomes a matter of listening to your own body. For example, you may find that when you eat carbohydrates you feel heavy and lethargic for hours. Therefore, carb-heavy meals become something you try to avoid.
Of course, different foods affect us all differently, according to factors such as genetics and lifestyle. So it may involve some trial and error to find the foods and combinations of food that work best for you.
The following exercise can help you discover how different food combinations and quantities affect your well-being:
Mixing and matching different foods
- Begin to experiment with your food:
- Try eating less food more often, or less food, period.
- If you’re a meat-eater, spend two or three days excluding meat from your diet.
- Or perhaps exclude red meat, but include chicken and fish.
- Remove certain foods from your diet: salt, sugar, coffee, or bread, for example, and see how this affects how you feel.
- Play with food combinations. Try eating solely starch meals, protein meals, fruit meals, or vegetable meals.
- Keep a record of everything you observe in yourself as you experiment with your eating habits. The question you’re trying to answer is: “Which eating patterns add to the quality of my life, and which detract?”
- Continue experimenting with different types, combinations, and amounts of food for two or three weeks, tracking how you feel mentally, physically, and emotionally.
Eating to fill a void vs. eating to improve well-being
While eating undoubtedly affects how you feel, it’s also very true that how you feel affects what, when, and how much you eat. Many of us frequently mistake feelings of anxiety, stress, loneliness, or boredom for hunger pangs and use food in an attempt to cope with these feelings. The discomfort you feel reminds you that you want something, need something to fill a void in your life. That void could be a better relationship, a more fulfilling job, or a spiritual need. When you continually try to fill that void with food, though, you inevitably overlook your real hungers.
As you practice mindful eating and your awareness grows, you’ll become aware of how often your food consumption has nothing to do with physical hunger, and everything to do with filling an emotional need. As you sit down to eat, ask yourself, “What am I truly hungry for?” Are you craving that “little something to nibble on” because you’re genuinely hungry or for another reason?
Filling and saturating yourself with food can help mask what you’re really hungry for, but only for a short time. And then the real hunger or need will return.
Need other ways to feed your feelings?
Do you eat to feel better or relieve stress? Do you reach for a pint of ice cream when you’re feeling down? Order a pizza if you’re bored or lonely? Swing by the drive-through after a tough day at work?
No matter how powerless or out of control you feel around food, there are plenty of things you can do to find more satisfying ways to feed your feelings or fill an emotional void. To learn more, see: Emotional Eating.
Practicing mindful eating forces you to slow down, focus on the present moment, and notice what you’re really feeling. And when you repeatedly ask yourself, “How well do I feel after a meal or snack?” you’ll begin the process of gaining awareness of your own specific nutritional needs. You’ll measure meals and snacks in terms of how they affect your well-being. Your purpose for eating will shift from the intention of feeling full of food, to the intention of feeling full of energy and vitality.
Taking deep breaths before you eat
Breathing deeply can often help to pacify hunger, especially when that hunger really isn’t about food. Oxygen fuels the body and breathing deeply can increase your energy and sense of well-being. As you breathe deeply, you also relax and relieve stress and tension, common imitators of false hunger. | <urn:uuid:62fe383d-e710-4188-b200-151d14dd6878> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yourmedicalinfo.net/mindful-eating-united-states/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.955571 | 3,440 | 2.890625 | 3 |
A simple guide for how to get a lot of VRAM for a cheap price
At the writing of this post, it is possible to get a Tesla M40 24GB for the price of $179 on eBay, it is a low price for the amount of VRAM you will get. As of this time getting an equivalent of VRAM (RTX 3090) will cost me about 14,000 NOK here in Norway which is about $1,438.
Table of Contents
- Tesla M40 24GB.
- Integrated graphics or second GPU for video output (Tesla M40 24GB doesn’t have any video output).
- 3 x 92mm fans (Noctua NF-B9 2x and Noctua NF-A9 were used).
- PCI bracket for NVIDIA Tesla M40.
- NVIDIA Dual 8 to 8 Graphics Power Cable (2×8-pin Pci-e to 1×8-Pin CPU).
- T6 Torx Screwdriver.
- Aluminum Foil Tape.
- Zip ties.
01 – BIOS
- Enable integrated graphics if you are not using a dedicated graphics card for video output in BIOS.
- Enable Above 4G decoding in BIOS
02 – Modification
Remove Cover with the T6 Torx Screwdriver, and replace the PCI bracket.
Figure 1. The GPU.
Figure 2. T6 torx screws.
Use pliers to bend the heat sink fins up. Don’t try to cut the bends as I did on my first try.
Figure 3. Don’t do this….
Figure 4. All heat sink fins bent.
Attach Fans with Zip ties, then use Aluminum Foil Tape around the gaps to make the airflow even over the card even and exit at the bracket part.
Figure 5. Fan attached.
Install the GPU in the computer and attach the NVIDIA Dual 8 to 8 Graphics Power Cable to the PSU as well as the power for the fans.
Figure 6. Installed.
03 – For gaming or Machine learning?
- For gaming download the Quadro M6000 driver on the NVIDIA driver website
- Follow steps 04 and 05.
- For Machine learning download the Data Center / Tesla – M40 Driver for Windows on the NVIDIA driver website.
Figure 7. And it is ready for use.
04 – For Gaming
Switch from TCC mode to WDDM mode to be able to run games. Do this by running the command below to get the GPUS ID number in CMD.
Figure 8. cmd output.
Then run the command below to switch to WDDM:
nvidia-smi -g GPU-5aa247f7-fa8b-48be-5e02-801848fb6df7 -dm 0
05 – Assign your game to use the Tesla M40 24GB
- Go to Start → Setting → System → Display.
- Click on “Graphics Settings”
Figure 9. Settings.
- Find the .exe of the game.
- Then click options → Specific GPU → NVIDIA Tesla M40 24GB.
- (I’m using my card only for ML so where it says Radeon RX 480 under High performance it supposed to say NVIDIA Tesla M40 24GB)
Figure 10. Graphics settings.
And now it possible to use the Tesla M40 24GB card to game on.
06 – Conclusion
I did actually end up using a Radeon RX 480 as my dedicated GPU, and the Tesla M40 24GB connected with a PCI riser and it works fine. By running Deepfacelab for over 24 hours, the max temperature did reach 86°C and the idle temp was around 33. | <urn:uuid:4d28ce9c-9585-4cea-860b-cf0dbf61cabf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hegnes.tech/2022/07/28/install-a-tesla-m40-24gb-on-windows-10-for-gaming-or-ml/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.777694 | 793 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Take a look at the beta version of dw.com. We're not done yet! Your opinion can help us make it better.
Arif Sagdic survived a nail bomb attack perpetrated by NSU right-wing extremist terrorists in 2004, but what he went through in the aftermath was far worse. Now he is spreading awareness so that things will change.
Fear should never have the last word. "I feel the vibrations of the explosion and relive the moment when talking about it," says Arif Sagdic, apologizing for his nervousness with a slightly lowered gaze.
But Sagdic nevertheless still finds the strength to talk about the attack he survived, which was perpetrated by the National Socialist Underground (NSU), a neo-Nazi terrorist group. The audience at the commemorative event in Cologne is on the edge of their seats listening to Sagdic speak.
"When I heard the explosion, I threw myself on the ground," recalls the Turkish-born Sagdic, the owner of a hardware store on Keupstrasse in Cologne. "The shop window was shattered, just like those at the hairdresser's opposite — it was as if there had been an earthquake. People were lying in their own blood. People were screaming. I could pick that up even though I could barely hear from my left ear."
NSU trial: Many questions remain unanswered
More than 20 people were injured in the bomb attacks on Keupstrasse in 2004 and Probsteigasse in 2001 in the western city of Cologne. Ten murders and 15 robberies are also part of the cruel chronicle of the extreme-right terrorist NSU. The group was not caught until 2011.
The trial against the NSU ended in the summer of 2018 in Munich. Group member Beate Zschäpe was given a life sentence; her co-conspirators Uwe Mundlos and Uwe Böhnhardt had died in an apparent murder-suicide in 2011.
Even after the yearslong investigation and trial, there are many unanswered questions: Who supported the NSU trio on the ground? Why did it take investigators so many years to link the victims? Were they ignored due to their immigrant origins? Why did it take investigators so long to discover the right-wing extremist group?
"We were not even allowed to be victims," said Semiya Simsek, daughter of the murdered florist Enver Simsek, at a memorial service for the NSU victims held in Berlin in 2012.
'The investigation was worse than the attack'
Sagdic also speaks of strain and false suspicions after the bomb attack in Keupstrasse: "Of course the attack was bad, but we thought the wounds would heal again, and we were glad that nobody died."
But during the police questioning, he felt intimidated: "I said that I think neo-Nazis were behind the attack. The officer then just held his finger to his lips, and he didn't seem to want to hear anything more about it," recalls Sagdic.
For months, he felt haunted by the memory of the attack on his way home from work. "Fear became my constant companion. I could not even talk to my wife about it until five years later."
Arif Sagdic (r.), survivor of an attack by NSU neo-Nazi terrorists, with Kutlu Yurtseven and Charlotte Schwalb of the "Keupstrasse is everywhere" remembrance initiative
Even after the attack in Cologne's Probsteigasse on January 19, 2001, it was still the victims of the NSU attacks who were initially suspected as perpetrators, says Kutlu Yurtseven, an actor and musician who is one of the founders of the initiative "Keupstrasse is everywhere," which held the commemorative event for victims of the NSU. The event coincided with the anniversary of the January 19 attack, when a bomb exploded in a grocery store of an Iranian family, seriously injuring the then-19-year-old daughter of the shop owner.
"The father very quickly became the focus of the investigation. Suddenly the blame seemed to be pointed at him. Even his brother was brought into the picture. There was talk of gambling debts, extortion for protection money and so on," recalls Yurtseven.
The Keupstrasse initiative campaigns against racism and xenophobia, and supports NSU victims and their families. Yurtseven knew the Iranian family well after "three years of eating from their store," he says, and the office of his music label was directly above the shop. But the family quickly moved away. It was not until many years later that it became known that the NSU was behind the attack.
Signs reading "For a society without racism" and "NSU Terror: The state and Nazis hand in hand" at a 2015 Munich demonstration organized by the "Keupstrasse is everywhere" initiative
Openness and courage against racism
The ghost of the NSU lives on, even after the end of the lengthy trial. Yurtseven says that Turkish-born lawyer Seda Basay Yildiz, who represented one of the victim families in the NSU trial, received threatening letters signed "NSU 2.0."
The lawyer told DW in an interview that one of the threatening letters read: "What you did to our police colleagues will have consequences for you" — a clear indication of the involvement of the authorities.
The "silence of the mainstream" about such threats is dangerous, warns Yurtseven, as is the "silence about the criminalization of victims."
But "I won't stay silent," says Sagdic as his listeners break into applause. "That I have learned in Germany: As long as you say nothing, nothing changes." Even if talking about the attack and the consequences is painful.
When the audience asks him about his family, he has tears in his eyes: "My son was three years old at the time; I'm sorry that I couldn't really be there for him then as I would have liked." He leaves the room for a few minutes, then returns and says in a resolute voice: "Today my son Orhan is 1.9 meters tall (6 feet, 2 inches). He takes me into his arms — with my mere 1.6 meters — and says: 'Everything is OK; I am fine.' I can talk openly with him about what happened."
Orhan, now almost 18, often accompanies his father to events where he speaks publicly about the Nazi terror and warns of the consequences of racism and xenophobia. Because for Arif Sagdic, fear must not have the last word. | <urn:uuid:b79fe14c-729c-4292-a0f9-28903fa68924> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dw.com/en/neo-nazi-attack-survivor-i-wont-stay-silent/a-47158745 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.987324 | 1,368 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Rosedale Suspension Bridge
The Star Mine Suspension Bridge is a 117-metre long pedestrian suspension bridge that crosses the Red Deer River in Rosedale, just outside of Drumheller, Alberta. Constructed in 1931, the bridge was built for the coal workers of Star Mine. Although once used by miners, the bridge is now a favourite among locals for fishing and to access great Badlands terrain. Enjoy hiking, hill climbing, a day-use area, and a great opportunity for sightseeing. Free attraction. | <urn:uuid:82d7d5f8-59b6-4648-bcde-e8327117ce89> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canadianbadlands.com/attractions/4513/rosedale-suspension-bridge?utm_source=TravelAlberta-ATIS&utm_medium=TravelAlberta&utm_campaign=ATIS+-+Alberta+Tourism+Information+Service&utm_content=Listing%2F4513%2Fen-CA | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.937694 | 107 | 1.6875 | 2 |
by Riley Saban
International Day of People with Disability is celebrated internationally. The purpose of the day is to raise awareness, understanding and acceptance of people with disability and to also celebrate achievements and contributions.
For me, it is a day to appreciate the people with disabilities who have advocated and contributed to changing perceptions for social change. It is also a day to be grateful for the organisations that were formed to support the rights of people with disabilities.
It is a day worth celebrating.
I like to play my part in making the world a more inclusive society and I am fortunate I get the opportunities to do so.
This year, I was asked to be a part of the NSW Department Education Student Advisory Committee. It is a group of diverse students who collaborate with teachers to have our voices heard. Our last meeting via Zoom was working together on a website created by teachers to make it more appealing for the younger generation.
On the 3rd December, I was invited to present with my friend and co-presenter, Gai Cross for the NSW Department of Education via a webinar to teachers. I had the opportunity to present and raise awareness on something that I am so very passionate about “assistive technology.” It is very rewarding to be able to support students by teaching teachers on how to use devices.
I also was invited to speak to a local primary school as the students had watched the documentary becoming Superhuman which I featured in 2016. The students seemed happy to meet me when I arrived at the school. It was a little funny as some of them were quite mesmerised as they hadn’t met anyone they had seen on the TV before!
I believe knowledge is power, and I was very open to the children asking me any questions. And, lots of questions were asked. There were some really deep personal questions and some very entertaining ones. One little boy asked me how I slept. Which I replied “obviously in a bed”. He thought that my wheelchair just rolled into a bed. This made me laugh.
I would like to give a shout out to the class 2VB. I know they will be reading this article (wink wink). I would like to thank them for the lovely cards that they made for me. The children came up with new assistive technology drawings to enhance my life. Some ideas were very innovative and I can see some future inventors and bio engineers in the making.
Thanks 2VB, I will treasure the cards forever.
I really enjoy sharing my experiences and messages with people to give understanding about my personal perspective.
I am winding it up for the school term and looking forward to the school holidays.
I would like to wish everyone a very Merry Christmas and have a happy New Year.
Here’s a link to the article and a short version of the webinar https://tinyurl.com/Department-Education-Riley-S | <urn:uuid:3e28d2fd-bcec-49bd-9b61-0e50f6df45f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sourcekids.com.au/what-international-day-of-people-with-disability-means-to-me/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.986908 | 596 | 2.265625 | 2 |
A government agency doesn’t think your family is worth protecting from BPA in cash register receipts—that workers may be affected by it, but not consumers. Huh? Doesn’t the cashier put the receipt right into your hand? Tell them this is ridiculous with our new Action Alert!
Last August, ANH-USA filed a Citizen Petition with the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to have the endocrine-disrupting chemical bisphenol-A (BPA) banned from thermal cash register receipts. Cash register receipts are the little-known but most common pathway for BPA into your body.
The CPSC responded by refusing to consider our petition, claiming that it did not meet their requirements based on some very flimsy reasoning: that the regulation of cash register receipts should be under the jurisdiction of worker safety (OSHA) and not consumer safety.
In early March we once again sent CPSC our petition, accompanied by a letter demanding that the agency fully consider our petition and assess it on the legal grounds and evidence that we presented to them. Their reasoning seemed especially absurd since both workers and consumers handle receipts. Anyone who handles the receipts is at risk, including consumers—so it’s not just OSHA’s territory.
CPSC has still not responded to our petition.
Meanwhile, the Connecticut legislature has introduced its own bill to ban BPA on thermal cash register receipts and require the Chemical Innovations Institute to develop an annual list of chemicals of high toxic concern.
Consumers are speaking out against BPA, and company shareholders are noticing. Twenty-six percent of Coca-Cola’s shareholders called for the company to publish a report to address consumer concerns about BPA in the epoxy linings of their cans. However, at Coke’s annual general meeting Wednesday, the CEO told shareholders that there was not enough evidence to stop using BPA in their cans. “If we had any sliver of doubt about the safety of our packaging, we would not continue to use (BPA),” he said. He used this phrase—“not a sliver of doubt”—despite the worldwide outcry against BPA , the government of Canada declaring BPA a toxic substance, and various bans in Europe.
Please contact the Consumer Product Safety Commission and ask them to reconsider our petition, and to stop giving us the runaround.
TO SEND YOUR MESSAGE TO THE CPSC
Click THIS LINK to go to the Action Alert page. Once there, fill out the form with your name and address, etc., and customize your letter. We have a suggested message for you, but please feel free to add your own comments to the letter.
We’d also love to hear your comments about this article—just add your thoughts below—but remember that the messages below are only seen by our ANH-USA readers and not Congress, the FDA, etc. | <urn:uuid:58e04fcd-99a7-4421-8ee0-eb38c455b536> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://anh-usa.org/bpa-in-cash-register-receipts-still-poisoning-americans/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.952309 | 610 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Time is long past for an objective response to the claims that police throughout the country are systematically racist. Anti-police voices claim that police are no longer able to provide effective and unbiased peace-keeping services to citizens no matter race. Disbanding all police departments is not the answer. Due to diminished support, more police are retiring. Statistics reflect shocking increases of violence.
Polls reflect that African Americans support no police reductions. Make police forces appropriately sized plus run analyses to ensure all citizens continue to receive excellent levels of protection no matter skin color or race. Objective statistics and reduced rhetoric will ensure quality work from carefully selected and continually supported police officers.
Create a presidential taskforce to ensure that there is a consistent mandate for police departments of all sizes. The group of experts in successful policing should include psychologists, technologists and members of both political parties.
There needs to be established guidelines for: recruitment/employment; employing technology to monitor and advise officers during their shifts; psychological and assessment testing during hiring process and yearly reviews; when and how to employ state and federal support; mandatory sentencing for unlawful behavior during demonstrations, including harm to monuments, cars, structures, buildings, people and officers; requests for federal responsibility to prevent anarchists and other out of state trouble-makers from joining peaceful demonstrations; limit demonstrations to daytime; and police departments post names of officers dismissed for unacceptable performance, so they won’t be hired by other police departments. | <urn:uuid:da3e6057-a661-449f-b423-dc62425e6b77> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dailypress.com/virginiagazette/opinion/va-vg-ed-letter--20210622-cvssy5zb55bx7llrasshypvckm-story.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.943144 | 297 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Tax Lien Lawyers in Doylestown
In Doylestown, Pennsylvania, a "lien" is specified as a property right that's authorized to a creditor against a piece of property owned by a debtor, for the purpose of collecting on the debt if the debtor is unwilling or unable to pay. A lien permits its owner to exercise some control over the property that is the subject of the lien. This includes the right to force a sale of the property, and to seize the resulting revenue, and priority access to the property ahead of other creditors.
A "tax lien" is simply a lien placed on a piece of property by the state or local government, to acquire the payment of back taxes. A tax lien in Doylestown, Pennsylvania can arise to secure the payment of any federal or state tax, including income tax, estate tax, or gift tax.
However, like any other debt-collection method, a tax lien is worthless if the debtor has no substantial property on which a lien can be imposed. To get around this limitation, most tax liens in Doylestown, Pennsylvania apply to after-acquired property (property acquired after the lien was created). Most other liens only apply to particular pieces of property, or property that the debtor owned at the time the lien went into effect.
Tax Lien Procedure in Doylestown, Pennsylvania
Imposing a tax lien in Doylestown, Pennsylvania is normally an uncomplicated process. Usually, the tax authorities simply have to make a decision that the taxpayer is delinquent in their taxes, and that imposing and enforcing a tax lien will actually be worth the effort.
They will then mail a document called a "notice and demand," which lets the taxpayer know that they owe money on their taxes, and that they have a given period of time (typically 10 days) to pay what they owe.
If the back taxes are not paid before the deadline is up, the lien will typically take effect immediately, with no further action by the IRS or Pennsylvania tax agency, giving them all the rights in your property that the law permits.
Nonetheless, if the federal government does not seek to enforce a tax lien in Doylestown, Pennsylvania within 10 years of imposing it, federal law dictates that the lien automatically expires. This is effectively a statute of limitations on a tax lien, meant to encourage the federal government to collect its taxes in a reasonable period of time, and guarantee that property is not encumbered by a lien forever.
How Can a Doylestown, Pennsylvania Tax Lien Lawyer Help?
If you find yourself on the receiving end of a tax lien in Pennsylvania, you are going to have to wade through some substantial and complicated legal concerns.
Thus, it should go without saying that if you are facing the prospect of your home or vehicle being slapped with a tax lien, you need to pursue the advice of a reliable tax lawyer in Doylestown, Pennsylvania as soon as you can. | <urn:uuid:6b327e87-1960-4593-b20c-2dd0baec00b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://taxattorneys.legalmatch.com/PA/Doylestown/tax-lien-lawyers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.943922 | 629 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Blossoms are popping out on the peach trees at Talbott Farms. Crews of workers are out thinning those buds. Preparations are underway to start up irrigation water. It is the same work that has been going on for more than a century on a fertile mesa above Palisade.
But this season, there is a giant hole in Colorado’s largest peach-growing operation.
Harry Talbott, the 86-year-old patriarch of Talbott Farms, died Sunday morning. A two-week-long cascade of health problems managed to bring down a giant in Colorado’s fruit industry, a larger-than-life character whose influence was felt far beyond orchards — in boardrooms, courtrooms, classrooms and church sanctuaries.
“Harry was a big thinker. He always thought there was more to life than what you see,” said Palisade Historical Society founder Priscilla Walker. “His impact on this area was phenomenal.”
Harry, as everyone knew him, is credited with preserving the fruit industry around Palisade where he grew up as a fourth-generation member of a pioneering family. His great-great grandfather rode in a wagon from Iowa to the Grand Valley in 1907 to settle on land that had the right combination of temperatures, soil, water and wind to produce excellent fruit.
Through the generations, Talbott Farms Inc. would grow to become the largest peach producing and packing operation in the state. Harry would become widely known as a trailblazer, a visionary and a savior of the peach industry that put Palisade on the map.
He would earn a master’s degree in environmental science, lead a teachers’ union strike, start a land trust, buck his own parents in court to keep major development out of orchard lands, travel the world as a sort of fruit ambassador, pioneer water-saving irrigation methods, champion healthy living and Baptist values, and swing from committed Democrat to far-right conservative.
He would also become infamous for the trail of witty puns and wise and wisecracked observations, dropped with a trademark impish grin everywhere he went.
“He could tell the same joke 100 times and each time it would be funny,” said his widow, Bonnie Talbott, who had been looking forward to a 63rd wedding anniversary with Harry next month.
In the weeks before his illness, she said Harry Talbott was still out zipping around the orchards he loved on an ATV loaded with shovels and tools for his irrigation work. He was hitting the gym two nights a week. He was still spending more than half days in the offices above the Talbott’s’ packing facility where 150 tons of fruit per day could be cleaned, boxed and sorted each day.
Visitors would drop in daily to pick his brain—to hear about his latest political findings or his never-ending health research.
On the former, he had come to believe that his country had a failed government and that strange things were happening, like U.S. flags with yellow fringe on the edges were signaling that America was under maritime law.
On the latter, he would go through spells of downing large quantities of buttermilk or adding Borax to his drinking water. He was always ready with advice for those who marveled at his robust octogenarian health. He would tell people one of his secrets was to “eat breakfast like a prince, lunch like a king and dinner like a pauper.”
“He would share so many stories. You never knew what kind of stories he was going to tell. It kept you on the edge of your seat,” said Karalyn Dorn, director of Palisade Child & Migrant Services, an organization that was started in the 1950s by Harry’s mother, Margaret Talbott, to help migrant workers and their families.
Margaret was known around Palisade as a gentle, saintly woman who cared deeply about the plight of the farmworkers. Harry’s father, Harry Talbott Sr., was known to be strict and hardheaded.
Harry Jr. embodied both, according to his family and friends.
“He had an abrasive side. He was always strategizing and he was not shy in a conflict,” said Bruce Talbott, one of Harry’s four sons. “He was also always a good person with a good heart.”
Those competing traits led to some of Harry’s more storied accomplishments in life after he served a stint as a military police officer in the Army, earned his degrees, and came back to Palisade to toil in the family’s fruit operation while also working as a teacher and bemoaning the fact that the problem with American history is that it is taught by football coaches.
What he has referred to as his “wild-eyed radical” side came out while he was teaching biology at Central High School in nearby Clifton. Harry was one of five union negotiators who led a successful teacher walkout at every school in the district over disagreements with the school board.
That independent streak was cemented in the late 1970s when he and Bonnie fought his parents in court over their plans to bring a sewer line to East Orchard Mesa so the orchard lands could be developed with housing for oil shale workers.
At that time, an oil shale boom was expected to turn the entire Grand Valley into a housing-covered metropolis for the thousands of workers expected to move to the valley. The fruit lands around Palisade were slated to be sacrificed. Harry had sniffed out development interest a few years earlier and had served a stint on the Mesa County Planning Commission to help avert that.
“Developers told us to get out of the way. We told them where to go, and it wasn’t to Paradise,” Harry was fond of saying when he recalled those days.
“Had grandpa crossed the river with that sewer line, we wouldn’t have the fruit industry we have today,” said Bruce.
Bruce said his parents were leaders in the opposition and, for a year, Harry and Bonnie and Harry’s parents “went in and out opposite doors in the church.”
In 1980, to make sure his beloved orchard lands were protected in perpetuity, Harry founded the Mesa County Land Trust that would later grow to become the Colorado West Land Trust. That organization would result in more than 70,000 acres of agricultural lands being protected with conservation easements. The first three easements were on Talbott lands.
“He understood that the landscape around Palisade was incredibly unique and an irreplaceable asset,” said Colorado West Land Trust executive director Rob Bleiberg, who worked with Harry on land projects for nearly 25 years. “We all in the community should be thankful for Harry’s hard work, determination and refusal to accept that this landscape might be ruined.”
Not everyone was thankful in those days, but that didn’t bother Harry.
“We lost a lot of friends. Probably a lot of them deserved to be lost,” Harry said in a speech three years ago when he was inducted into the Farm Credit Agricultural Hall of Fame. “But here we are and they are not.”
Harry went on to help found the Colorado Coalition of Land Trusts in the early 1990s.
“He was so passionate about things bigger than him,” Bleiberg said. “It was never about self-aggrandizement. So much of his work was about looking at the future of agriculture.”
Harry proved that he wasn’t satisfied with improving agriculture locally. He traveled to Hungary on a government Farmer-to-Farmer program where he shared his knowledge of fruit marketing. He and Bonnie talked and observed fruit farming on trips to Israel, the Czech Republic, Austria and Mexico. They hosted farmers and foreign students from around the world at their Palisade home.
Harry urged his sons and his daughter to see the world before they decided to settle down at Talbott Farms. They did. One went on to become an emergency room physician and gave Harry a running joke for life: “One son went bad. He became a doctor.”
At the end, it was his doctor son David who recognized that Harry had a serious problem with an abscessed wisdom tooth. That infection led to what was believed to be a minor stroke. Then, Harry developed what his family refers to as “the flu” even after he tested positive for COVID-19 and was hospitalized with pneumonia in a COVID-isolation ICU room. Harry did not believe that COVID is anything more than a seasonal flu. Some of his family members still believe that.
With a bad case of pneumonia, he was still being feisty Harry. His sons bought him a cell phone so they could stay in touch. Bruce said he spent all his time calling friends and family members.
“He was calling and asking people to come and bust him out of there,” Bruce said.
The ringer on the phone was inadvertently shut off and Harry spent a day very agitated, believing that people weren’t wanting to talk to him—something that deeply upset him and had rarely happened to him since, as his mother liked to say, he was “born talking.”
The next day, he had a major stroke.
His family brought him home with hospice care and he died there in the midst of his family’s budding orchards.
Bruce said he left behind many in-the-works projects, including improvements he had been making at the Grand Mesa Baptist Church Camp he had championed his entire life. It was where he met Bonnie, had his first date with her on a midnight hike, and decided then and there he was going to marry her. They were just 15 and 16 at the time, so he waited five years to propose to her while they were working together at the camp.
Harry was also itching to get started on the irrigation—one of his favorite parts of farming. He was also eager, like the rest of the family, to move on from the most disastrous year the orchards had experienced in two decades. A freeze destroyed the majority of last season’s fruit crops.
Bruce said Harry’s loss will be felt up and down the Talbott organization that employs many of his five children, 16 grandchildren and four great-grandchildren, as well as workers from Mexico who have been returning to Talbott Farms for many decades.
Mario Moreno who first came to work for the Talbotts from Mexico in 1995 and now works as foreman of the work crews, said he was already feeling the loss of Harry the day after his death.
“Nothing feels the same,” Moreno said. “He was always happy and smiling with the guys. Not to see that is going to be tough. I don’t know what to think with him gone.” | <urn:uuid:a1f585d0-6fae-4363-a4b3-c1d38331f82f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coloradosun.com/2021/03/17/harry-talbott-farms-peaches-palisade-obituary/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.989757 | 2,327 | 2.125 | 2 |
Learn about User Settings:
What are the User Settings?
Phone.com NxT users have their own personal settings, so they can configure things for what works for them, by themselves. This includes things like their name, their voicemail message, their notification preferences, and their incoming call preferences. For example they can setup a forward number so that when they get a call, their cell phone rings.
How can I access the User Settings?
Login to My.Phone.com and click on the Settings button in the left nav bar.
2. My Profile
Change your personal information
The profile user settings allows to change the core user profile information, like name, email, timezone, and voicemail PIN.
Simply edit any field, and save. Looking to change your extension number? Contact your Phone.com administrator, they can do it for you.
Pro tip! If you are looking to change your password, go to our login page and click on forgot password.
Pro tip! The voicemail PIN is used to access your voicemail using any phone, learn how here.
Add a profile picture
It really helps to have people see your profile picture when they interact with you within Phone.com. So make sure to click on the camera icon and select a good picture of you, and crop it so it’s nice and centered. To crop it, just drag the circle in the preview image, to the size, and location that works. Then click Save!
Change your voicemail PIN
You only need your voicemail PIN if you need to check your voicemails using another phone. Otherwise it’s minimally needed, so you don’t need to worry about it much. But if you need to change it, this is where it’s at!
3. Incoming Calls
The incoming calls section is where you configure what happens when you get a phone call.
By default, when you get called, if you have My.Phone.com or the mobile app installed, both of them will ring and show you your incoming call.
However, you may prefer to have calls forwarded to your cellular number. Sometimes cellular network are more reliable, so it can be helpful to setup call forwarding to your cell phone, or even to a landline number.
As such, you can use this section to setup the number you’d like calls to you to forward to.
Just a note, you do not “have to” do this, just install our app and sign in, and you’ll get calls on your cell readily.
Note: an admin user can also set this up on your behalf using our configuration app. So don’t be surprised if you see your personal cell phone already there! It’s them who set it up in advance for you. If you are an admin user, and looking on how to do that for other users, see the manage my users documentation.
Enabling call forwarding
To set it, first click on + Add number:
Then enter the number you want to forward to:
And voila, calls to you will now ring to your cell phone as a regular cellular call!
Setting your personal voicemail message
The voicemail section allows you to change your personal voicemail message.
Until you set one, anyone getting your voicemail will hear the standard Phone.com voicemail message.
It’s always a good idea to set a personal voicemail so your callers know that they reached you. Try and give them an idea of when you’ll get back to them.
You have 3 options to provide a voicemail message:
text to speech: enter some text there, save, then listen to it. Note: you will need to click Save before you can listen to your message.
upload a file: if you have au audio file (.mp3), that you prerecorded, you can upload it using that function
record audio: you can record an audio message using your computer, simply speak close to the mic
Make sure to click Save after you like it!
Note: to change your voicemail PIN, use the Profile tab, it’s there.
The notifications tab allows you to configure the notifications you get in your browser, as well as your email.
The top section called “desktop notifications” are about the notifications you will receive on your computer. Desktop notifications show up at the top right on Mac, and bottom right on Windows.
You need these enabled to get incoming call notices, and get notifications when you get new text messages.
Enabling desktop notifications
Before you can receive any notifications, you must allow notifications. There should have been an orange banner when you first arrived on My.Phone.com, hopefully, you clicked “enable notifications” and accepted the permission.
If you did not, it’s ok, you can still enable notifications by following these steps (Chrome only):
click into the URL of my.phone.com at the top of your browser, it will highlight the url in blue:
click on the lock next to the url
next to Notifications section, click on Block:
click on Allow:
then click on the blue button Reload
Your browser notifications are now enabled!
By the way, that is what a desktop notification looks like in Mac:
Changing desktop notifications
If you do not wish to receive incoming calls, or be notified for each new text message, then simply toggle off the related option within the desktop notifications.
For example as below, a user would not receive incoming calls:
If you wish to receive notifications about events in Phone.com into your email, perhaps because you manage your work from your email inbox, you can toggle these options on.
You can send messages to email, fax to email, voicemails to email, and notifications of incoming calls.
6. e911 Address
E911 calls can be made only through physical desk phones. E911 service is not available on our mobile app (use your local cell service) or on our softphones (Desktop App and My.Phone.com).
You must ensure to update your E911 address to your current location for E911 service to send responders to the right address. To update your E911 address, login to the control panel using your extension login information (see how to login here).
After you log in, go to your E911 settings here:
Before you set your address on file:
After you set your address on file: | <urn:uuid:6b353bb2-33c2-4224-8d91-0570551fe96f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dev.www.phone.com/phone-support/my/user-settings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.90638 | 1,380 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Guest essay by Eric Worrall
The utter failure of renewables to deliver during the Californian heatwave appears to be creating a surge of interest in reliable energy.
California Blackouts: It’s Not Just the Heat, It’s Also the Anti-Nuclear Power Stupidity
Activists oppose a huge source of reliable, climate-friendly electricity that could have prevented the rolling blackouts in the Golden State.
RONALD BAILEY | 8.19.2020 12:31 PM
Rolling electric power blackouts afflicted as many as 2 million California residents last week as a heat wave gripped the Golden State. (It’s apparently eased up for now.) At the center of the problem is that power demand peaks as overheated people turn up their air conditioning in the late afternoon just as solar power supplies cut off as the sun goes down. In addition, output from California’s wind farms was erratic. Currently, about 33 percent of California’s electricity comes from renewable sources as mandated by state law. Until this summer, California utilities and grid operators were able to purchase extra electricity from other states, but the current heat wave stretches from Texas to Oregon so there was little to none available to make up for California’s power shortage.
Completely ignored in the reporting is that California has been shutting down a huge source of safe, reliable, always-on, non-carbon dioxide–emitting, climate-friendly electricity—that is, nuclear power. In 2013, state regulators forced the closing of the San Onofre nuclear power plant that supplied electricity to 1.4 million households. By 2025, California regulators plan to close down the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant that can supply electricity to 3 million households.
The problem of climate change, along with the blackouts resulting from the inherent vagaries of wind and solar power, are an indication that California should not only keep its nuclear power plants running but also build many more of them.
…Read more: https://reason.com/2020/08/19/california-blackouts-its-not-just-the-heat-its-also-the-anti-nuclear-power-stupidity/
Renewables have failed to deliver this time, and will do so again.
Californian anger at the blackouts will eventually spill over into action, the scrapping of renewables in favour of reliable energy sources. The only question is, how many blackouts it will take before Californian voters get the message? | <urn:uuid:fe63bcb4-9863-40a0-8220-e3f5672b1cf5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wattsupwiththat.com/2020/08/20/california-blackout-fury-its-not-just-the-heat-its-also-the-anti-nuclear-power-stupidity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.950435 | 518 | 2.546875 | 3 |
In the Middle Ages, governments resorted to lotteries to build fortifications, prepare for war, and help the poor. George Washington, an American patriot and president, organized multiple lotteries. One of his tickets from the 1768 Mountain Road Lottery has become a collector’s item and sold for more than $15,000! Today, most governments recognize the value of lotteries and have monopolized the market for the sale of tickets.
Official lottery sites charge the same price for tickets as those sold at land-based distribution points, although they may not be regulated like in the real world. Online lotteries are largely independent and run by lottery betting sites. As a result, they don’t have to deal with the legalities of taxes. Plus, they can bring games to you wherever you go. But what about the convenience? Is online playing right for you? Read on to learn more.
The US lottery has a long and colorful history. Newspaper ads from the colonial era indicate that hundreds of lotteries existed as far back as the 18th century. New Hampshire became the first US state to introduce a lottery in 1934 and Puerto Rico followed suit in 1964. Today, lottery operations in the US span 45 states, the District of Columbia, and the Virgin Islands. Despite the controversy surrounding online lotteries, the practice of lottery betting has become a widespread and popular activity in the US.
While it is possible to win the lottery, you’ll most likely share the jackpot with another player. It’s important to note that lottery winnings are not usually distributed immediately. They sit in a lottery office until you claim them. This is called the gambler’s fallacy. There’s a glaring problem with this approach. First, you’re likely to lose your prize if you don’t claim your prize immediately. | <urn:uuid:1682940f-40fd-4d97-b3c6-d7dbbfe280b2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://barresiones.com/is-playing-the-lottery-online-right-for-you/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.961917 | 386 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Dr. Nick will perform an in-depth clinical exam, in order to evaluate of the bite, dental and skeletofacial growth, and an airway assessment. We will discuss what you hope to gain through treatment, and answer all your questions and concerns. Our office utilizes a one-step process, with the Consultation at the same visit as the the Initial Visit, in order to to create an individualized treatment plan, if treatment is required. This is done in order to save you an additional trip to the office.
One of three decisions will be made at this visit:
- The patient is not ready for orthodontic treatment, and is placed into an observation “KIDS CLUB” status. We will schedule a future appointment to carefully monitor the patient’s growth and development.
- An Early/Interceptive Orthodontic treatment Phase is recommended, in order to correct aberrant development of the teeth/jaw growth, as well as to assist in developing a favorable airway volume. Appropriate appointments will be made.
- Comprehensive Orthodontics (Braces), Invisalign Teen, or Invisalign Treatment will be recommended. Appropriate appointments will be made. | <urn:uuid:8e741603-8aed-4dd1-917c-01c7483aee04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://invisible-ortho.com/new-patients/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.905904 | 258 | 1.5 | 2 |
Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) is one of the most common congenital inner ear malformations. LVAS is generally diagnosed via high-resolution computed tomography (CT) as a vestibular aqueduct midpoint greater than 1.5 mm; however, other criteria have recently been proposed. LVAS can be found in isolation as well as in conjunction with both syndromic and nonsyndromic hereditary hearing loss. The typical presentation of LVAS is that of down-sloping hearing loss, oftentimes accompanied by a conductive component, with progressions in hearing loss occurring either spontaneously or paired with a precipitating event. CT and traditional audiometry including bone conduction testing, tympanometry, and acoustic reflex testing should be considered part of a traditional workup for LVAS. Other clinical tools such as magnetic resonance imaging and vestibular function testing, specifically vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP), also have proven useful in identifying this population. This review presents a clinical case of bilateral LVAS and reviews the common clinical presentation of LVAS including diagnostic guidelines, audiometric configuration, vestibular function testing outcomes, and treatment options.
- Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome
- hearing loss
- vestibular function
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Speech and Hearing | <urn:uuid:d4c22826-c753-4b01-8434-fac7caf42dac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://experts.nebraska.edu/en/publications/the-clinical-picture-of-large-vestibular-aqueduct-syndrome | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.919487 | 281 | 2.5 | 2 |
Kandinksy (Year 4)
Welcome to the Kandinsky class page! Our teacher is Mrs Middleton and our teaching assistant is Mrs Ruddell.
Our curriculum overviews can be downloaded below along with a Parental Guide To The Primary Curriculum and objectives that are taught in English, Maths and Science. A list of recommended books for children in Year 4 is also at the bottom of this page. | <urn:uuid:391cb7c0-8944-451f-a712-3cc6b73a4121> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.putnoeprimaryschool.co.uk/page/?title=Kandinksy+%28Year+4%29&pid=63 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.94604 | 85 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Amocycillin 250mg+ Potassium Clavulanate Acid 125mg
Amoxycillin 250mg+ Potassium Clavulanate Acid 125mg- Amoxycillin is an antibiotic drug, used for treating an infection that caused by bacteria. It helps by controlling the growth of bacteria and by killing them in the body. The combination of drug range is used for treating a certain different type of infection as caused by bacteria such as ear, skin, urinary, sinus, lungs infection, sinusitis, pneumonia etc.
- Amoxycillin 250mg
- Potassium Clavulanate Acid 125mg
Notice– The drug should be taken on a prescription basis so avoid the consumption of drug if you would find any allergic reaction to it. While consulting the doctor, tell them about the current medication that you are taking at that time.
10 * 6 *1 | <urn:uuid:0df568aa-79db-4d81-bbcf-2c75eb328f1c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hlhealthcare.co.in/product/amocycillin-250mg-potassium-clavulanate-acid-125mg | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.885662 | 225 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are institutes of management education and research in India. They primarily offer postgraduate, doctoral and executive education programmes along with some additional courses.
The establishment of IIMs was initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, based on the recommendation of the Planning Commission of India.
IIMs were declared institutions of national importance after the passage of Indian Institutes of Management Act, 2017.
By this act, IIMs were given more autonomy in handling their day-to-day operations. The act changed the IIM governing body from the IIM council to an IIM coordination forum.
IIMs were granted much leeway to decide their courses, fees and other related matters. In the past 10 years, top IIMs—such as IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Banglore—have achieved top 10 rankings among management schools, according to the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) used by the HRD minister of India.
The two-year Post Graduate Programme in Management (PGP), offering the Post Graduate Diploma in Management (PGDM), is the flagship programme across all IIMs.
These post-graduate diploma programmes are considered the equivalent of regular MBA programmes. However, since the passage of IIM Act, most IIMs have started offering Master in Business Administration (MBA).
Some IIMs also offer a one-year post-graduate diploma programme for graduates with more work experience. Some IIMs offer the Fellow Programme in Management (FPM), a doctoral programme.
The fellowship is considered to be equivalent to a PhD globally. Most IIMs also offer short-term executive education/EMBA courses and part-time programmes.
Some IIMs also offer unique programs, like IIM Rohtak and IIM Indore's Five Year Integrated Programme in Management and IIM Lucknow's Working Managers' Programme of three years.
Key Description of Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)
Short Name: IIM's
Full Name: Indian Institutes of Management
Total No of Institute: 20
List of IIMs: Complete List of Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)
|Indian Institute of Management Calcutta||IIM-C||1961||Kolkata||iimcal.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad||IIM-A||1961||Ahmedabad||iima.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Bangalore||IIM-B||1973||Bangalore||iimb.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Lucknow||IIM-L||1984||Lucknow||iiml.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode||IIM-K||1996||Kozhikode||iimk.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Indore||IIM-I||1996||Indore||iimidr.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Shillong||IIM-S||2007||Shillong||iimshillong.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Rohtak||IIM-R||2010||Rohtak||iimrohtak.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Ranchi||IIM-Ranchi||2010||Ranchi||iimranchi.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Raipur||IIM-Raipur||2010||Raipur||iimraipur.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Tiruchirappalli||IIM-T||2011||Tiruchirappalli||iimtrichy.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Kashipur||IIM-Kashipur||2011||Kashipur||iimkashipur.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Udaipur||IIM-U||2011||Udaipur||iimu.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Nagpur||IIM-N||2015||Nagpur||iimnagpur.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Amritsar||IIM Amritsar||2015||Amritsar||iimamritsar.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Bodh Gaya||IIM-BG||2015||Bodh Gaya||iimbg.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Sirmaur||IIM Sirmaur||2015||Sirmaur district||iimsirmaur.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Visakhapatnam||IIM-V||2015||Visakhapatnam||iimv.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Sambalpur||IIM Sambalpur||2015||Sambalpur||iimsambalpur.ac.in|
|Indian Institute of Management Jammu||IIM Jammu||2016||Jammu||iimj.ac.in|
History of Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)
After India became independent in 1947, the Planning Commission was entrusted to oversee and direct the development of the nation. India grew rapidly in the 1950s, and in the late 1950s the Commission started facing difficulties in finding suitable managers for the large number of public sector enterprises that were being established in India as a part of its industrial policy.
To solve this problem, the Planning Commission in 1959 invited Professor George Robbins of UCLA to help in setting up an All India Institute of Management Studies. Based on his recommendations, the Indian government decided to set up two elite management institutes, named Indian Institutes of Management. Calcutta and Ahmedabad were chosen as the locations for the two new institutes.
The institute at Calcutta was established first, on 13 November 1961, and was named Indian Institute of Management Calcutta or IIM Calcutta.
It was set up in collaboration with the MIT Sloan School of Management, the government of West Bengal, the Ford Foundation, and Indian industry.
The institute at Ahmedabad was established in the following month and was named the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Like MIT Sloan in the case of IIM Calcutta, Harvard Business School played an important role in the initial stages of IIM Ahmedabad.
In 1972, a committee headed by Ravi J. Matthai took note of the success of the two established IIMs and recommended the setting up of two more IIMs. Based on the committee's recommendation, a new IIM, originally intended to cater exclusively to the needs of public sector enterprises, was established in Bangalore (IIM Bangalore) the next year.
In 1981, the first IIM Review Committee was convened to examine the progress of the three existing IIMs and to make recommendations.
The committee noted that the three IIMs were producing around 400 PGP graduates every year and that they had reached their optimum capacity. It proposed the opening of two more IIMs to meet the rising demand for management professionals.
It also recommended expanding the Fellowship programmes, similar to PhD programmes, to meet the growing demand for faculty in management schools in India. The fourth IIM, IIM Lucknow, was established in 1984 based on the committee's recommendation.
Two more IIMs, the fifth and sixth, were established at Kozhikode and Indore in 1996. IIM Shillong was the seventh IIM to be established, following a 2005 decision by the Government of India; its foundation stone was laid on 1 December 2007; and its first academic session was 2008–09.
Since 2007, fourteen new IIMs have been set up, bringing the total number of IIMs to 20, IIM-Jammu being the latest one, starting in 2016.
The Union Cabinet, on 24 January 2017, approved the bill that became the Indian Institutes of Management Act, 2017, which declares IIMs as Institutes of National Importance and enables them to grant degrees and to further make other important changes to the institute.
The IIM bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on 28 July 2017 and by the Rajya Sabha on 19 December 2017. After receiving presidential assent, the IIM bill became an Act on 31 December 2017.
Academics of Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)
The IIMs mainly offer postgraduate, doctoral, and executive education programmes. Some programmes offered by all IIMs are similar; however, some IIMs offer unique programmes for specialised purposes.
Postgraduate Education: All IIMs offer a two-year full-time Post Graduate Programme in Management (PGP), equivalent to a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree.
The programme is considered the flagship programme of IIMs, and awards the Post Graduate Diploma in Management (PGDM) to successful candidates. Since 2018, most IIMs have started granting MBA degrees for this flagship program.
Five-year Integrated Programme: Two IIMs, IIM Indore and IIM Rohtak also offer integrated programs which spans for five years.
Students join this program just after finishing their school (class XII). The program is called IPM (Integrated Programme in Management) at both the institutes.
The course structures are similar though not same at both the institutes. For the first three years, they are taught a combination of "statistics, economics and humanities", making them unique in their way. The last two years, they undergo the program with PGP students at their respective institutes.
IIM Indore first started this program in 2011 and thereby became the first IIM to have a bachelors program. Four batches of IIM Indore's IPM have been graduated and inducted in the industry.
IIM Rohtak has launched this program in 2019 and the first batch is expected to graduate in 2024. IIM Indore offers Bachelor of Arts (Foundations of Management) and MBA (dual-degree) to the graduates of this program. IIM Rohtak has decided to offer Masters of Management Studies (MMS) to five-year graduates and Bachelors of Management Studies (BMS) to students who opt-out after three years.
Doctoral Education: IIMs offer a Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) as a full-time doctoral-level programme in management. This programme is aimed at preparing students for careers in teaching or research in different disciplines of management, as well as for careers outside academics that demand a high degree of investigative and analytical ability.
A student who completes this programme at any IIM, where (s)he is registered as a doctoral scholar, is awarded the title of Fellow of that institute (e.g. Fellow of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta).
This Fellow Programme is equivalent to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. Students receiving such a fellowship every year, across all IIMs, work in close association with one another in specific research areas of their choice.
Executive Education: Many IIMs offer executive education-certificate programmes targeted at working professionals. These are often short-term or part-time programmes and are known by various names such as Management Development Programme (MDP), Advanced Masters Program in Management of Global Enterprises (AMPM), and Executive General Management Programme (EGMP).
The certificate programmes at IIMs are not considered as equivalent to an MBA or EMBA. Only the diploma-level programmes are considered as equivalent, depending on whether it is full-time or part-time. Many IIMs—such as IIMC, IIMB, IIMK, IIM Kashipur, and IIM Rohtak—have partnered with third-party companies to enable these courses to be provided under a distributed model.
Admission Process in Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)
Different programmes of IIMs follow different admission processes. Admission for residents of India to the flagship two-year PGP programmes at all IIMs is based on the Common Admission Test (CAT).
GMAT scores are a prerequisite short-listing criteria used for admission to the one-year full-time programme for experienced executives.
Test requirements for doctoral programmes vary. Some IIMs require candidates to make a presentation of a broad research idea or take a Research Aptitude Test (RAT) followed by round of interviews while all are compelled to accept scores on standardized tests such as the CAT, GATE, GMAT, and GRE.
The overall profiles of candidates, including past academic and professional accomplishments, are considered for all programmes, along with valid standard test scores.
Some programmes require essays and academic or professional recommendations. The final round of admission evaluations involve an interview, before which some IIMs conduct other evaluation processes like written assessment tests and group discussions.
Entrance exam for IIMs
The Common Admission Test (CAT) is a management aptitude test conducted by the IIMs primarily as an evaluation tool for admission to their two-year PGP programmes.
It is widely considered as one of the most competitive exams in the world, with a success rate of around one in two hundred. Even with the recent addition of new colleges, in 2013 the acceptance rate at IIMs was 1.714%, one of the lowest in the world.
Originally conducted as a paper-and-pencil test given on a particular date all over India, in 2009 CAT began being given as a computer-based assessment operated by Prometric.
In 2014, TCS received a 5-year contract to conduct the test. The online test is now given over a period of a few weeks.
In August 2011, the six newer IIMs (Raipur, Rohtak, Ranchi, Udaipur, Trichy and Kashipur) announced that in the coming year they will replace the group-discussion round with a common written analysis test to evaluate communication and comprehension skill.
The seven older IIMs did not announce plans to change the admission process.
The admissions for the two-year full-time programme is done by shortlisting based on GMAT scores in conjunction with candidate profile suitability.
This is followed by evaluation of essays and a panel-interview round. The quality of prior work experience and future leadership potential is a critical factor in the selections.
Reservation Policy in IIMs
IIMs also follow a quota system, as per the provisions of the Indian constitution. As per the provisions, 15% of the seats are reserved for students of Scheduled Castes, and 7.5% for Scheduled Tribes. Since 2008, the Other Backward Classes have also been given 27% reservation, after the Supreme Court of India upheld the validity of relevant government regulation.
The provisions are being implemented in a phased manner due to resource constraints. All aspirants have to take the Common Admission Test which consists of an objective-type exam, a group-discussion round, and personal interviews, with the cut-off for reserved-category candidates being possibly lower than for general-category candidates.
Once admitted to a programme, a reserved category student has to meet all the criteria for completing the programme as a general-category student.
Regular counselling sessions, extra classes, and tutorials, by senior students, for needy students are a regular feature of the IIMs. IIMs provide financial support to needy and deserving students in the form of scholarships.
Course Fees of Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)
In 2004, IIMs charged a fee of approximately ₹1.50 lakh (US$2,100) per year (₹3 lakh (US$4,200) for two years) for their flagship programmes.
By 2016, the fee was almost ₹19 lakh (US$27,000). Inflation in India has been cited as one of the reasons for the fee hikes at IIMs.
Post-graduate program fees: The IIM post graduation program fees structure varies from ₹9 lakh (US$13,000)—at IIM Amritsar, a more recent institute—to ₹23 lakh (US$32,000)—at IIM Ahmedabad.
The second highest fees, totaling ₹21 lakh (US$29,000), are for IIM Kolkata and IIM Bangalore. Most of the IIM's fees are in the ₹10 lakh (US$14,000) range: IIMs Vizag, Trichy, Ranchi, Sambalpur, Sirmaur, Jammu, Kashipur, and Nagpur. IIM Lucknow fees total around ₹14 lakh (US$20,000), IIM Indore ₹16 lakh (US$22,000), IIM Kozhikode ₹17.5 lakh (US$25,000).
Executive Program Fees: IIM run several executive programs for working executives and professionals. The full-time executive program at IIM Udaipur launched recently had fees of ₹15.8 lakh (US$22,000) while the data analytics program was ₹21 lakh (US$29,000). IIM Lucknow's new 6-month data analytics program costs ₹2.49 lakh (US$3,500) while its analytics program for finance professionals costs ₹1.43 lakh (US$2,000). | <urn:uuid:c84ef54b-e8f8-48ae-a233-bde59c477d46> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wishusucess.com/indian-institutes-of-management-iim/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.933241 | 3,631 | 2.25 | 2 |
By Ratnam Nadarajah –
“And God said, let there be light: and there was light.” ~ Genesis
In recent times power or more to the point lack power to meet peak demand has been a real issue for all concerned. There is a possibility to declare emergency and deployment of armed forces to deal with ongoing effects of drought and power outages.
In a developing country, such as Sri Lanka, power system planning faces enormous challenges and problems as, for example, future load growth in the face of uncertainties, the constraints imposed on investment, the type and availability of fuel for the generating units, the need for consolidating the dispersed electric producers, the isolated regions as a prerequisite for future interconnecting these regions via local and national grids. Also, how an optimal reliability level can be achieved that will guarantee a continuous power flow with at reasonable costs.
Planning for power systems is essentially a projection of how the system should grow over a specific period, given certain assumptions and judgment about the future loads and the size of investment in generating capacity additions and transmission facilities expansion and reinforcements.
Any plan can become technically and economically obsolete over a period. New inventions in electrical utilisation equipment or unforeseen industrial, commercial, or residential projects can change load forecast. Breakthroughs in new generation and transmission technologies, unexpected inflation in equipment or labour costs or change of national income can all mean that system plans may take another direction.
In developing countries, power system planning has become more difficult, but more important to provide the necessary information to enable decision to be made today about many years in the future.
Reliability and uninterrupted generation is one of the most important criteria which must be taken into consideration during all phases of power system planning, design build and operation.
One capacity related reliability index, known as the loss of load expectation (LOLE) method, is presently considered as the most common adopted probabilistic index in system generation expansion planning. This method computes the expected number of days per year on which the available generating capacity is not sufficient to meet all the period of peak load levels.
Broadly, Sri Lanka needs power for domestic use, commercial use and for industrial purposes. Over the years, the domestic consumption has gone up with more appliances consuming more and wider availability of electricity to the far corners of the island. Commercial sector too has grown considerably with big shopping malls and multi-story office spaces with increased air conditioners and computers and support items.
On the industrial scene, too power requirement has gone up considerably with the opening of manufacturing units and other infrastructure developments. With the planned mega projects, such the Port City development-work in progress(Wip), Mega polis, Hambantota Industrial Zone, and many others in the pipeline scale of power requirement far exceeds the current available capacity many folds.
Do our planners have a master plan for power requirement, in the short, medium, and long term? From my perspective and observation, I would safely say there is no such plan(s), comprehensive or otherwise.
Let us consider the power generation in Sri Lanka
Total Electricity Generation Mix- First Half of 2014
CEB Hydro ——- 18.55 %
CEB Thermal-Oil—- 18.52%
CEB Thermal-Coal—- 23.95%
IPP Thermal———— 32.53%
(independent power producers)
(Source: Power Utility Commission of Sri Lanka)
The overall power generating capacity is much higher. For instance, the Hydro power installed capacity was 37%. It means that only 50% of installed Hydro power capacity has produced electricity. Put it simply although the power generating capacity is high at 37% but the actual production is only half of the capacity. This is due to various reasons, the main one being the water levels in the reservoirs being low due to natural causes vis se vis insufficient of rain leading to drought.
Renewal power generation is very low at 6.45%. There is very good potential in Sri Lanka for solar power with 12 hours of sun shine, wind power and some geothermal power. The planners need to increase these sources of power generation considerably to meet the increased power requirement and to keep the carbon foot print low. We are all signatories of the Paris 2015 Climate change control protocol.
Solar power generation for Sri Lanka should be encouraged with added government incentives, on top of the tax credits offered for installing solar panels as an alternate energy source. The pay back could be within 5 to 10 years depending on the incentives such as CEB paying for the additional energy supplied to the national grid.
In the UK, the government used to be 45pence a unit and in recent times it has come down to 2-3 pence due the low cost and more efficient solar panels. This way owners also have the added luxury of future proofing their energy bills.
All new houses and public buildings should be installed with solar power panels. And retrofitting on suitable buildings and locations.
In the medium to long term we should aim to produce our solar panels locally both for local consumption and export markets, as we have abundant supply of Silica, which is now being exported for pittance. The grade of silica we have is ideal for the PV cell production. One could attract foreign direct investment (FDI) for this venture from leading manufacturers of Solar panels. Local resources and local labour would be a win, win for all. Generating wealth and employment to the land in dire need.
Germany, Japan, China, Canada France are the leading producers in this market. Also, the technology is improving all the time making the solar power generation more viable.
In Germany, though not a tropical country, they are making major investments in renewal energy such as solar, wind etc., since they abandoned further building of nuclear power plants in the light of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in March 2011. At present, I believe they produce as much as a third of their power requirement from renewable energy sources. Not a mean achievement in such a short space of time. Germany leads the way on Renewables, setting 45% target by 2030.
Power usage parallel with power saving
Power utilisation should be optimised and any potentials of savings should be encouraged. Energy efficient fridge will use about 350 Kwh a year, at minimal cost to the consumer. This applies to other household appliance such as washing machines and dish washers. Also, simply switching off the power of computers and vdus and TV s at the source when it is not in use, can save a lot of energy at the national level thus also lowering the national load considerably.
Although IT departments have probably felt the crunch more than anyone else, a drain on the IT budget is continuing when offices are empty at night and at weekends. In the offices to estimate the savings potential, count the number of PCs in the company, multiply this by 1200 and place a rupee sign in front of the answer. This is the potential annual saving if you take a few energy-efficiency steps. Put another way, in a company with100 PCs, turning off all the computers and monitors every night and at weekends would save Rs. 120,000 /year (these are based on 40-60 watts/unit). Compound this to the national level the potential savings is enormous. You could virtually shut down couple of generators at national level. A watt saved is watt less needed to produce. Educating the people is one of the priorities for the march towards progress.
On the air conditioning, front organisations should use the state of art monitoring system to optimise the power consumption. A single degree change could lead to considerable savings in power consumption.
Incidentally the only wind farm is the one in Hambantota. With an installed capacity of 20MW (10+10) but actual generation of roughly 13%of installed capacity. This is obviously not the right location. There are much more viable sites with potential outputs ranging from 40 to 60 %.
Also, the development of large scale liquid metal based storage batteries in the pipe line, in years to come any short falls can be compensated. (MIT has a 10 years’ head start on this technology). | <urn:uuid:97119cfa-2b08-4106-ae4e-bfabc49b85fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.colombotelegraph.com/index.php/power-planning-generation-usage-potential-savings-in-sri-lanka/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.942041 | 1,670 | 2.75 | 3 |
Regular smartphone and iPad use increases the risk of children developing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), according to new research.
Teenagers who frequently use the gadgets were found to be twice as likely to develop ADHD synptoms (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder).
Addiction to Facebook and Twitter, text messaging, music downloads and online chatrooms is fuelling a mental health crisis in youngsters, psychiatrists warn.
The findings fill a gap in understanding how mobile media devices and seemingly limitless content pose a risk to children.
And they serve as a warning as digital technology becomes more prevalent, faster and stimulating, said corresponding author Professor Adam Leventhal.
He said: "This study raises concern whether the proliferation of high-performance digital media technologies may be putting a new generation of youth at risk for ADHD."
The link was persistent among almost 2,600 US teenagers who were tracked for two years.
It was the first study of its kind as previous research has focused on connections between the use of TV or video games and the illness.
Prof Leventhal said: "What's new is that previous studies on this topic were done many years ago, when social media, mobile phones, tablets and mobile apps didn't exist.
"New, mobile technologies can provide fast, high-intensity stimulation accessible all day, which has increased digital media exposure far beyond what's been studied before."
The findings published in the Journal of the American Medical Association have ramifications for parents, schools, technology companies and paediatricians concerned teens are being driven to distraction - or worse.
One recent survey showed they spend more than a third of the day - nearly nine hours - using online media.
Another by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found 43 per cent of high school students used digital media three or more hours a day.
While the popularity of digital media in kids is well known, the impacts are not.
Prof Leventhal, director of the Health, Emotion and Addiction Laboratory at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, said: "We can't confirm causation, but this was a statistically significant association.
"We can say with confidence that teens who were exposed to higher levels of digital media were significantly more likely to develop ADHD symptoms in the future."
The team began with 4,100 eligible students aged 15 and 16 across 10 public highs schools in Los Angeles County from a mixture of demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds, ruling out those already presenting with ADHD symptoms.
This left them with 2,587 beginning with a clean slate.
Adolescence marks a moment for ADHD onset and unfettered access to digital media, Prof Leventhal explained.
The participants were sorted into three categories based upon how frequently they used 14 popular digital media platforms - no access, medium or high - and were then monitored every six months between 2014 and 2016.
By the end 9.5 per cent of the 114 and 10.5 per cent of the 51 who used half and all the platforms frequently, respectively, displayed new symptoms of ADHD.
On the other hand, only 4.6 per cent of the 495 who did not indulge regularly in any digital activity showed such signs.
This is roughly the rate of the disorder in the general population.
The National Institute of Mental Health describes ADHD as a brain disorder with symptoms that include a pattern of inattention, hyperactive behaviour and impulsiveness that interferes with functioning or development.
It is a common mental disorder in children and adolescents and also affects about 4 per cent of US adults, according to the National Institutes of Health.
Recent research has found parents are increasingly handing smartphones or iPads to quieten down difficult toddlers - instead of a dummy.
The more problematic the child, the more likely a parent is to rely on modern technology as a pacifier, the University of Michigan team found.
Up to seven per cent of British children are believed to have ADHD, about 400,000, with many being prescribed drugs to try and improve their concentration at school.
It is the most common neuro-developmental disorder.
Prescriptions for drugs like Ritalin have doubled to 922,000 a year in the last decade for children diagnosed with ADHD.
But such medications can cause adverse reactions such as weight loss, liver toxicity, and suicidal thoughts, and in the short term may suppress pubertal growth. | <urn:uuid:34b8bcdf-8ffb-4eb8-9a50-27df179c091e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.devonlive.com/news/health/adhd-symptoms-increased-smartphone-ipad-1794215 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.949998 | 895 | 3.140625 | 3 |
2 Kings 6:8-23
New English Translation
Elisha Defeats an Army
8 Now the king of Syria was at war with Israel. He consulted his advisers, who said, “Invade[a] at such and such[b] a place.” 9 But the prophet sent this message to the king of Israel, “Make sure you don’t pass through this place because Syria is invading there.” 10 So the king of Israel sent a message to the place the prophet had pointed out, warning it[c] to be on its guard. This happened on several occasions.[d] 11 This made the king of Syria upset.[e] So he summoned his advisers[f] and said to them, “One of us must be helping the king of Israel.”[g] 12 One of his advisers said, “No, my master, O king. The prophet Elisha who lives in Israel keeps telling the king of Israel the things you say in your bedroom.” 13 The king[h] ordered, “Go, find out where he is, so I can send some men to capture him.”[i] The king was told, “He is in Dothan.” 14 So he sent horses and chariots there, along with a good-sized army.[j] They arrived during the night and surrounded the city.
15 The prophet’s[k] attendant got up early in the morning. When he went outside there was an army surrounding the city, along with horses and chariots. He said to Elisha,[l] “Oh no, my master! What will we do?” 16 He replied, “Don’t be afraid, for our side outnumbers them.”[m] 17 Then Elisha prayed, “O Lord, open his eyes so he can see.” The Lord opened the servant’s eyes, and he saw that[n] the hill was full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha. 18 As the army approached him,[o] Elisha prayed to the Lord, “Strike these people[p] with blindness.”[q] The Lord[r] struck them with blindness as Elisha requested.[s] 19 Then Elisha said to them, “This is not the right road or city. Follow me, and I will lead you to the man you’re looking for.” He led them to Samaria.
20 When they had entered Samaria, Elisha said, “O Lord, open their eyes, so they can see.” The Lord opened their eyes, and they saw that they were in the middle of Samaria.[t] 21 When the king of Israel saw them, he asked Elisha, “Should I strike them down,[u] my master?”[v] 22 He replied, “Do not strike them down! You did not capture them with your sword or bow, so what gives you the right to strike them down?[w] Give them some food and water, so they can eat and drink and then go back to their master.” 23 So he threw a big banquet[x] for them and they ate and drank. Then he sent them back[y] to their master. After that no Syrian raiding parties again invaded the land of Israel.Read full chapter
- 2 Kings 6:8 tc The verb form used here is difficult to analyze. On the basis of the form נְחִתִּים (nekhittim) in v. 9 from the root נָחַת (nakhat), it is probably best to emend the verb to תִּנְחְתוּ (tinkhetu; a Qal imperfect form from the same root). The verb נָחַת in at least two other instances carries the nuance “go down, descend” in a military context. For a defense of this view, see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 72.
- 2 Kings 6:8 sn The advisers would have mentioned a specific location, but the details are not significant to the narrator’s purpose, so he simply paraphrases here.
- 2 Kings 6:10 tn The vav + perfect here indicates action contemporary with the preceding main verb (“sent”). See IBHS 533-34 §32.2.3e.
- 2 Kings 6:10 tn Heb “and the king of Israel sent to the place about which the man of God spoke to him, and he warned it and he guarded himself there, not once and not twice.”
- 2 Kings 6:11 tn Heb “and the heart of the king of Syria was stirred up over this thing.”
- 2 Kings 6:11 tn Heb “servants.”
- 2 Kings 6:11 tn Heb “Will you not tell me who among us [is] for the king of Israel?” The sarcastic rhetorical question expresses the king’s suspicion.
- 2 Kings 6:13 tn Heb “he” (also a second time in this verse); the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 6:13 tn Heb “Go and see where he [is] so I can send and take him.”
- 2 Kings 6:14 tn Heb “heavy force.”
- 2 Kings 6:15 tn Heb “man of God’s.”
- 2 Kings 6:15 tn Heb “his young servant said to him.”
- 2 Kings 6:16 tn Heb “for those who are with us are more than those who are with them.”
- 2 Kings 6:17 tn Heb “and he saw, and look.”
- 2 Kings 6:18 tn Heb “and they came down to him.”
- 2 Kings 6:18 tn Or “this nation,” perhaps emphasizing the strength of the Syrian army.
- 2 Kings 6:18 tn On the basis of the Akkadian etymology of the word, M. Cogan and H. Tadmor (II Kings [AB], 74) translate “blinding light.” HALOT 761 s.v. סַנְוֵרִים suggests the glosses “dazzling, deception.”
- 2 Kings 6:18 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 6:18 tn Heb “according to the word of Elisha.”
- 2 Kings 6:20 tn Heb “and they saw, and look, [they were] in the middle of Samaria.”
- 2 Kings 6:21 tn Heb “Should I strike them down? I will strike them down.” In the Hebrew text the first person imperfect form is repeated; the first form has the interrogative he prefixed to it; the second does not. It is likely that the second form should be omitted as dittographic or that the first should be emended to an infinitive absolute.
- 2 Kings 6:21 tn Heb “my father.” The king addresses the prophet in this way to indicate his respect. See 2 Kgs 2:12.
- 2 Kings 6:22 tn Heb “Are [they] ones you captured with your sword or your bow (that) you can strike (them) down?”
- 2 Kings 6:23 tn Or “held a great feast.”
- 2 Kings 6:23 tn Heb “they went back.” | <urn:uuid:fd0b0554-b2e5-471b-ac8e-e0adbdd69244> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Kings%206:8-23&version=NET | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.953385 | 1,712 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Worksheets that listen.
Worksheets that speak.
Worksheets that motivate students.
Worksheets that save paper, ink and time.
countries powerpoint lessons > COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES
COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES
Great visuals to practice countries and nationalities as well as verb to be patterns. The pictures are taken from The Sydney Food International Festival,2009. Flags are made of typical food from every country so you can also review food vocabulary. My 7th grade students loved it. Hope you like it! (and hope the fonts donīt get messed up!)
Copyright 27/9/2015 marta73
Publication or redistribution of any part of this
document is forbidden without authorization of the
see more worksheets by marta73 | <urn:uuid:7846dbea-ea8c-4334-a6e7-13e4742834c0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eslprintables.com/powerpoint.asp?id=90042 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.842736 | 246 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Barrett's esophagus has become a very important topic in gastroenterology. Its management may vary from essentially a surveillance strategy to highly invasive esophagectomy. The variation in management strategies has occurred because of the current perceptions regarding cancer risks, which range from almost negligible to an incidence of 30% in high-grade dysplasia. Although it is clear that most patients with Barrett's esophagus without dysplasia will not require therapy, the prospect of continued surveillance is unpleasant at best. Promising future tools and techniques for surveillance and treatment are described in this review.
ASJC Scopus subject areas | <urn:uuid:7ebcf552-61da-4153-9118-f42c76a894e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/current-strategies-in-the-management-of-barretts-esophagus | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.937072 | 132 | 2.375 | 2 |
Ever had a bad experience when you first tried to snorkel or know someone who did? Snorkeling can be a very pleasurable and relaxing past time if you have the right equipment. Some folks may think that the use of the words snorkeling and equipment sound like an oxymoron, but the wrong tools or equipment while doing anything can result is a less than disappointing experience.
So having the right equipment for any endeavor can make for a more enjoyable or productive time. Snorkeling is definitely a sport that having the right equipment will make or break the deal and cause someone to either hate the sport or love it. This is extra important for young kids who want to get into a new sport, often a bad experience can sour them for a lifetime towards that or all sports.
Comparing Full Face Snorkel Masks With Standard Snorkeling Gear
When interviewed, snorkeling instructors said that the most cumbersome part of learning how to snorkel is getting used to the equipment. You see when learning to breathe through the snorkel, we have to relearn to breathe differently. So learning a new sport and learning how to breathe differently can be more of a struggle than it’s worth.
Particularly for those with existing sinus or breathing problems, having restrictive gear on your face, nose, and mouth can bring up some Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) issues and make the whole experience too much. Learning to enjoy snorkeling is about being relaxed and at ease in the water, if you are having issues that cause anxiety, then you may never be up to try the experience again.
Standard Snorkel Gear Too Cumbersome!
Why is a standard snorkel too cumbersome? Well, the standard gear for snorkelers comprises a mask that has to fit very tight around the forehead and the sinus area just below the eyes. The compression can cause discomfort and distortion of vision in some cases. Not to mention the red goggle imprint around the mask long after you take it off.
The mask comes with or without a cover that seals the nose off from the water. Either choice can be a little daunting. With no nose cover you are more likely to forget and breathe in water through your nose, with a nose cover you also can’t breathe through the nose and if you do it will suck the mask harder to your face. Oh, and one other thing, if you do forget and exhale through your nose you will either displace the mask by breaking the seal or fog up the mask. Either scenario can be a bit upsetting.
Then there is the snorkel! This may or may not be attached to the face mask. It may also be a dry snorkel or a wet one. Most beginners will start with a dry snorkel, this is one that will have some kind of auto close valve within the snorkel top so you cannot breathe in water in case of a wave or if you dip your head forward.
How is the snorkel held in your mouth you ask? By clenching your jaws together, you keep the snorkel in your mouth. Behind your teeth sits a plastic or silicone piece that is definitely not a one size fits all kind of thing. So the first few times you snorkel, be prepared to have a sore jaw from clenching. This is not something a person with TMJ would want to try. So what is an alternative to the standard snorkeling gear?
The Top Full Face Snorkeling Mask Is The Tribord Easybreath!
There is finally an alternative to old-school snorkel gear, and it comes from Tribord. After almost 10 years of prototypes and revisions with Tribord’s own on-staff snorkelers, a full face mask was created. Taking into consideration their own comfort, Tribord’s staff snorkelers and divers perfected a completely comfortable full face mask that allows you to breathe underwater just like you do on land, through your nose, or nose and mouth if that is more comfortable.
This award-winning innovation takes snorkeling into the 21st century and begs to answer the question: Why did it take so long? The Tribord Easybreath snorkeling mask is comfortable and also gives the diver a 180-degree view of the underwater world. No more claustrophobic mask vision and no harder to breathe separate mask and snorkel. Once you try the Easybreath mask, you will never want to go back to the old retro style mask and snorkel. | <urn:uuid:229c82d3-a836-4b60-943a-77d2527728ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://giftsforsnorkeling.com/snorkelers-love-full-face-snorkel-mask/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.944204 | 952 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Despite the significant energy intensity required to mine metals, the commodities are still “essential for the energy transition to succeed”, says BHP market analysis and economics VP Dr Huw McKay.
He says that, although having a common goal of limiting global warming to below 2 °C of pre-industrial levels by the end of the century as set out in the Paris Agreement, there is no single, common or accepted path for how to get there.
“There are as many ‘pathways to Paris’ as there are climate scenario models. In the more than 100 Paris-aligned scenarios that we have looked at, there is a lot of variety. Yet there are some points on which most models seem to agree,” explains McKay.
In this regard, it is commonly agreed that radical change to the world’s energy and land use systems is required; and that the battle to limit and reduce emissions will be won or lost in populous emerging markets, where energy supply must grow to meet increasing demand while these markets simultaneously transition to low-carbon sources.
In addition, he says it is commonly agreed that action must be taken as soon as possible, as it will be significantly less costly in monetary and socio-environmental terms than delayed action.
“Policy must address all fundamental elements of the transition to allow the demand and supply sides of the system to adjust as required,” says McKay, adding that carbon pricing is a core ingredient of any effective policy framework.
However, these factors present a dilemma for investors. “Metals are essential inputs for the hardware of decarbonisation – there will be no energy transition without a very large increase in the production of critical minerals,” he says.
Yet, McKay notes that the production of minerals can itself be a greenhouse-gas (GHG) emission-intensive process.
To tackle these dilemmas, BHP partnered with Legal & General Investment Management (LGIM), through which it developed a report. The report finds that there are two clear roles for investors in respect of this dilemma – to engage constructively with the resources industry to help drive down operational greenhouse gas emissions, and to mobilise the capital that will be required to ensure metal supply does not become an obstacle in the race towards meeting the Paris Agreement.
“We believe investors must be a part of the transition through engagement, focusing efforts on creating an environment where companies, governments and allocators of capital work together to build the ecosystem where clean energy alternatives compete with and beat the incumbent GHG-emitting technologies,” he says.
A successful transition will require a vast capital reallocation and will generate material risks and opportunities, placing investors and global capital markets at the “very centre” of the challenge, adds McKay.
As such, yearly average energy capital investments would rise from about $2-trillion in current terms (2.5% of gross domestic product [GDP]) to about $5-trillion for the period from 2021 to 2050 (4.5% of GDP in 2030, falling to 2.5% of GDP by 2050) as per the International Energy Agency’s Net Zero 2050 scenario.
Total investment requirements in energy supply and infrastructure over the next 30 years could range from $92-trillion to $173-trillion, according to Bloomberg New Energy Finance.
Nonetheless, he says, if the world takes the actions required for decarbonisation in the coming years, cumulative demand for metals is expected to grow substantially.
In the 1.5 °C scenario that BHP described in its Climate Change Report 2020, cumulative demand for primary copper may double in the next 30 years, and for primary nickel it may almost quadruple, in each case compared with the prior 30 years.
“Steelmaking raw materials do a little better than one might think in the scenario – with an uplift over traditional crude steel ranges due to additional demand from extra wind turbines and carbon distribution pipelines assumed,” says McKay.
This, he says, should be more than enough in that scenario to offset a loss of steel demand from the fossil fuel industries as their output falls in the long run.
The debate is not about whether metals are essential or not, but whether the resources industry is investing fast enough to keep pace with the demand projections derived from incontrovertible themes, such as the electric vehicle “S-curve”, and the double-digit trillions of dollars required to be deployed on renewable energy capacity and the future proofing of the energy grid, he highlights.
“It is important to recognise that the greenhouse gas operational emissions of mining assets can vary considerably, and an industry average may tell you little about any particular producer,” says McKay.
In this regard, differences in emissions intensity from assets producing the same commodity are owing to a number of factors, only some of which are controllable. “Some of the most important are the power source for the project, the geological characteristics of the deposit, the distance to port and the economies of scale at play,” he says.
All things considered, McKay says that capital needs to be mobilised “today” to ensure metals remain the affordable backbone of the energy transition. “The discovery, appraisal and development of new metal deposits is a time and capital-intensive process, where a decade from start to first production would be regarded as incredibly swift.”
However, he points out that exploration success has been only modest over the past decade, and in the case of copper, grade decline is expected to become a material headwind for primary supply over the course of this decade. “The industry does not currently have an abundance of high-quality development opportunities ready to go, and scrap supply is insufficient to fill the gap.” | <urn:uuid:0441d409-0d69-4ccc-b6fd-1478126b8529> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.miningweekly.com/article/metals-new-mine-investment-required-now-to-support-future-energy-transition-2022-04-05 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.941264 | 1,199 | 2.03125 | 2 |
The tree produces small olives, but in compensation, the tree is a prolific bearer.
The olives are grown for oil. The oil is greenish, with a light, fruity flavour. It has a good shelf life.
The oil stores well; 2 years or more.
The tree originated in Crete. | <urn:uuid:bc97239f-ba90-4027-85b5-a98d1f78e9d8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cooksinfo.com/koroneiki-olives | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.914321 | 74 | 1.671875 | 2 |
First, it’s time to take inventory. Grab all your make up, lay it out on a towel, and examine everything. Throw out anything visibly broken, cracked or dirty. Throw out anything you’ve never used unless you bought it within the last 3 months. Be sure to wipe down the drawer you store cosmetics in with a natural cleaner while it’s empty. If you’re cleaning out a makeup bag, do your best to wash it or better yet, buy a new one each year. They don’t cost much and it’s nice to have something brand new and clean.
Consider your eye makeup. Did you know liquids like mascaras and eyeliners only have a shelf life of three to four months? How long has yours been open? Bacteria can thrive in the liquid and can cause an eye infection that none of us would want. My recommendation is to only have one eyeliner and one mascara at a time, this way you use it up in those three months and can buy a fresh new one as needed! Cream eyeshadows last a little longer, about six months, while powder eyeshadows can be kept up to two years. Of course, toss them if you see visible mold, they smell, or they get water inside.
Liquid foundations are best for about six months. Who wants to slather their face in bacteria, should the foundation grow too old? Powder foundations can last about two years. Same rules apply to concealers, blushes and bronzers.
Lip glosses generally last six to nine months and lipsticks up to a year. It’s best to not have too many on hand if you don’t wear them often. Did your mom have a drawer with dozens of lipsticks for years and years? Imagine the bacteria growth. Who wants that on your lips where we literally lick off half what we wear? Be safe and get a new color or two each year or better yet, each season! Having one or two daytime colors and one to two “going out”/ dress up/night colors is a good rule. Having a hard time choosing the exact shade for your skin? Take this fabulous beauty assessment here
Brushes should be cleaned on a regular basis. This is something many of us forget! Foundation brushes should be cleaned once every week. And if you want to do it more often, why not? A simple way to do this is to add a dollop of soap or gentle shampoo to a glass of water. Then swirl the brush in it, rub and separate the bristles gently with your fingers to clean, rinse with clean water, reshape and lay flat on a towel to air dry. If they start shedding or feel rough, replace with a new one.
For sponges and beauty blenders, rinse under water, rub them onto some bar soap, then rinse and squeeze until water runs clean. Layout to dry. These should be cleaned as often as possible, generally a few times a week. If you have acne or even break out from time to time, dirty tools can be the culprit. We often blame hormones or diet but unless you are cleaning your tools, you just don’t know if it’s bacteria in them contributing to your skin issues. Replace your sponge or blender every three months. A good way to remember this is to buy a new one as we enter each new season. Mark those calendars or set an alert on your phone easily.
For eye shadow, eye makeup applicators are inexpensive to buy so get a pack of 20 and replace them weekly. If you use brushes, wash them as above.
Nail polish often sits for years and gets dry and clumpy. Go through your polishes and dispose of any old dried up ones. Throw out the ones you got for Christmas 2009! Generally, they last up to two years safely after opening. When you purchase new polishes, be sure to look for 7 free, or 10 free formulas which are the new trend, a safer nail polish without chemicals absorbing into your skin ( yes, even nail polish chemicals get into our system and are considered toxins).
Want a great safe nail polish brand? Look into Ella + Mila with a $5 off coupon here and they ship FREE!
Last, how about a quick trick? Get a fine sharpie and jot the date you opened an item right on the underside label. Or count ahead and jot the month you need to use it up by, like when mechanics leave a label telling us when we need our next oil change. This is a super easy idea that will keep your cosmetic drawer with fresh pretty products that are clean and safe.
Looking for some good clean cosmetics? Naked Poppy has them and also has this awesome 3 minute personalized beauty assessment you will love! Try it here. Also, another brand to check out is Hynt beauty.
Beauty by Earth has some great tools if you need them, like gua sha or rose quartz facial roller, brushes, eyelash curler and more. I also think their sunscreen is awesome, it’s one of my main sunscreens!
You may also like Top 10 lists for beauty and wellness products | <urn:uuid:599e7f32-f5a2-464f-a896-665fa067074e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thenaturalbeautymama.com/2020/06/12/have-you-spring-cleaned-your-cosmetic-drawer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.94589 | 1,072 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Indeed, the reason, which is obsessed with externals, cries out despairingly at seeing the deaths of the things it worships in the universe, and the spirit, which seeks for an eternal beloved, utters the cry: I love not those that set.
I do not want separation, I do not desire separation, I cannot abide separation...
Meetings followed immediately by separation are not worth sorrow and grief, they are not worthy of being longed for. For just as the passing of pleasure is pain, imagining the passing of pleasure is also a pain. The works of all the metaphorical lovers, that is, the works of poetry on love, are all cries at the pain arising from imagining this passing. If you were to constrain the spirit of all the works of poetry, from each would flow these grievous cries.
Thus, it is due to the pain and tribulations of those meetings stained with transitoriness, those sorrowful, metaphorical loves, that my heart weeps and cries through the weeping of, I love not those that set.
If you want permanence in this transitory world, permanence comes from transitoriness. Find transience with regard to your evil-commanding soul so that you may be enduring.
Divest yourself of bad morals, the basis of the worship of this world. Be transitory! Sacrifice your goods and property in the way of the True Beloved. See the ends of beings, which point to non-existence, for the way leading to permanence in this world starts from transitoriness.
The human mind, which plunges into causes, is bewildered at the upheavals of the passing of the world, and laments despairingly. While the conscience, which desires true existence, severs the connection with metaphorical beloveds and transient beings through crying like Abraham, I love not those that set, and it binds itself to the Truly Existent One, and Eternal Beloved.
O my ignorant soul! Know that the world and its beings are certainly ephemeral, but you may find a way leading to permanence in each ephemeral thing, and may see two flashes, two mysteries, of the manifestations of the Undying Beloved’s Beauty.
Yes, it is within the bounty that the bestowal is to be seen and the favour of the Most Merciful perceived. If you pass from bounty to bestowal, you will find the Bestower. Also, each work of the Eternally Besought One makes known the All-Glorious Maker’s Names like a missive. If you pass from the decoration to the meaning, you will find the One signified by way of His Names. Since you can find the kernel, the essence, of these ephemeral beings, obtain it. Then without pity you can throw away their meaningless shells and externals onto the flood of ephemerality. | <urn:uuid:09c9659c-1d9a-4328-a635-441401b5e07e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.erisale.com/?locale=en&bookId=201&pageNo=229 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.942764 | 600 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Use this primary source text to explore key historical events.
- Use this Primary Source with the Schenck v. United States DBQ Lesson plan to explore how domestic groups who spoke out against U.S. involvement in World War I were treated.
On April 6, 1917, Congress officially declared war against Germany for “repeated acts of war against the people of the United States of America.” However, some Americans A especially socialists, anarchists, and those with strong connections to Germany opposed the conflict. Anti-war groups encouraged workers not to support the war effort and encouraged men to resist the draft. President Woodrow Wilson and the U.S. Congress feared these efforts threatened the full mobilization of resources and manpower for fighting the war; therefore, they passed the Espionage Act in June 1917.
- What groups of Americans especially opposed the United States entering World War I?
- Why did Congress pass the Espionage Act?
negligence(n): failure to take proper care in doing something
(a)whoever, for the purpose of obtaining information respecting the national defence with intent or reason to believe that the information to be obtained is to be used to the injury of the United States, or to the advantage of any foreign nation, goes upon, enters, flies over, or otherwise obtains information, concerning any vessel, aircraft, work of defence, navy yard, naval station, submarine base, coaling station, fort, battery, torpedo station, dockyard, canal, railroad, arsenal, camp, factory, mine, telegraph, telephone, wireless, or signal station, building, office, or other place connected with the national defence, owned or constructed, or in progress of construction by the United States or under the control or the United States, or of any of its officers or agents, or within the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, or any place in which any vessel, aircraft, arms, munitions, or other materials or instruments for use in time of war are being made, prepared, repaired. or stored, under any contract or agreement with the United States, or with any person on behalf of the United States, or otherwise on behalf of the United States, or any prohibited place within the meaning of section six of this title; or
(b) whoever for the purpose aforesaid, and with like intent or reason to believe, copies, takes, makes, or obtains, or attempts, or induces or aids another to copy, take, make, or obtain, any sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blue print, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, document, writing or note of anything connected with the national defence; or
(c) whoever, for the purpose aforesaid, receives or obtains or agrees or attempts or induces or aids another to receive or obtain from any other person, or from any source whatever, any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blue print, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, or note, of anything connected with the national defence, knowing or having reason to believe, at the time he receives or obtains, or agrees or attempts or induces or aids another to receive or obtain it, that it has been or will be obtained, taken, made or disposed of by any person contrary to the provisions of this title; or
(d) whoever, lawfully or unlawfully having possession of, access to, control over, or being entrusted with any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blue print, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, or note relating to the national defence, will fully communicates or transmits or attempts to communicate or transmit the same and fails to deliver it on demand to the officer or employee of the United States entitled to receive it; or
(e) whoever, being entrusted with or having lawful possession or control of any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blue print, plan, map, model, note, or information, relating to the national defence, through gross negligence permits the same to be removed from its proper place of custody or delivered to anyone in violation of his trust, or to be list, stolen, abstracted, or destroyed, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000, or by imprisonment for not more than two years, or both.
Whoever, with intent or reason to believe that it is to be used to the injury or the United States or to the advantage of a foreign nation, communicated, delivers, or transmits, or attempts to, or aids, or induces another to, communicate, deliver or transmit, to any foreign government, or to any faction or party or military or naval force within a foreign country, whether recognized or unrecognized by the United States, or to any representative, officer, agent, employee, subject, or citizen thereof, either directly or indirectly and document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blue print, plan, map, model, note, instrument, appliance, or information relating to the national defence, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than twenty years: Provided, That whoever shall violate the provisions of subsection:
(a) of this section in time of war shall be punished by death or by imprisonment for not more than thirty years; and
(b) whoever, in time of war, with intent that the same shall be communicated to the enemy, shall collect, record, publish or communicate, or attempt to elicit any information with respect to the movement, numbers, description, condition, or disposition of any of the armed forces, ships, aircraft, or war materials of the United States, or with respect to the plans or conduct, or supposed plans or conduct of any naval of military operations, or with respect to any works or measures undertaken for or connected with, or intended for the fortification of any place, or any other information relating to the public defence, which might be useful to the enemy, shall be punished by death or by imprisonment for not more than thirty years.
Whoever, when the United States is at war, shall will fully make or convey false reports or false statements with intent to interfere with the operation or success of the military or naval forces of the United States or to promote the success of its enemies and whoever when the United States is at war, shall will fully cause or attempt to cause insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, refusal of duty, in the military or naval forces of the United States, or shall will fully obstruct the recruiting or enlistment service of the United States, to the injury of the service or of the United States, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or both.
If two or more persons conspire to violate the provisions of section two or three of this title, and one or more of such persons does any act to effect the object of the conspiracy, each of the parties to such conspiracy shall be punished as in said sections provided in the case of the doing of the act the accomplishment of which is the object of such conspiracy. Except as above provided conspiracies to commit offences under this title shall be punished as provided by section thirty-seven of the Act to codify, revise, and amend the penal laws of the United States approved March fourth, nineteen hundred and nine.
Whoever her bourse or conceals any person who he knows, or has reasonable grounds to believe or suspect, has committed, or is about to commit, an offence under this title shall be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 or by imprisonment for not more than two years, or both.
The President in time of war or in case of national emergency may by proclamation designate any place other than those set forth in subsection:
(a) of section one hereof in which anything for the use of the Army or Navy is being prepared or constructed or stored as a prohibited place for the purpose of this title: Provided, That he shall determine that information with respect thereto would be prejudicial to the national defence.
- How was the punishment for violating Section 2 different during times of war than times of peace?
- To what extent was a person who violated the Espionage Act subject to punishment?
- The phrase “in time of war” appears in this act four times. Why do you think Congress included this phrase?
Historical Reasoning Questions
- The Espionage Act of 1917 is still used in the modern day to prosecute individuals who release information related to national security. Do you think it is effective for national security to be protected in the same way as it was in 1917?
- Charles Scheck was a socialist who published materials encouraging draftees to petition against the draft. The U.S. government prosecuted him under the Espionage Act, arguing that this violated the text of Section 3, which prohibited the encouragement of mutiny and disorder in the military. Scheck argued that the law represented a violation of his First Amendment rights. Do you agree with him? Explain.
Espionage Act of 1917 https://www.firstworldwar.com/source/espionageact.htm | <urn:uuid:77628a19-2543-42da-a21c-69ba448bdd0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://billofrightsinstitute.org/activities/the-espionage-act-of-1917 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.940488 | 1,970 | 3.65625 | 4 |
The next major chapter of 5G development will start with the arrival of 5G Advanced.
In April 2021, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) revealed 5G Advanced, which is another name for the upcoming Release 18 -- and future releases -- of the latest 5G cellular specification.
The 5G standard started with the late-2017 delivery of non-standalone (NSA) new radio (NR) specifications for the technology. The initial phase of 5G deployment has begun, with both NSA and standalone networks rolling out all over the world.
Now, the cellular industry is anticipating the arrival of the 5G Advanced specification. The existing standard will be "significantly enhanced to improve efficiency, as well as adding capabilities," 3GPP said.
New features of 5G Advanced
5G Advanced has "advanced capabilities from new services, extreme connectivity and security," Nokia's Bell Labs wrote in a white paper on the upcoming standard and future cellular advances.
Improved massive MIMO
5G Advanced provides enhanced massive multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) performance for a 5G network. MIMO is an antenna array technology that uses multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver to increase data transfer speeds. Massive MIMO is a multiuser upgrade that increases the number of transmitter and receiver components.
Bell Labs anticipates that 5G Advanced, as well as future standards, will need base stations that support between 64 and 512 transceivers, the antenna elements that both send and receive data. For enterprise users, this means updated 5G Advanced systems will better support high-throughput data users on a network. Users will need to deploy new infrastructure and devices to gain this future speed boost.
Precise millisecond timing is crucial for many industry sectors, like banking, industrial IoT and smart energy grid technologies. 5G Advanced will guard against the degradation or loss of satellite signals by providing time references directly from the network, Nokia wrote.
Upgrades that started with 3GPP Release 17, which experts expect will be frozen throughout the second quarter of 2022, will also affect enterprise users. The nonterrestrial network update will enable compatible devices to connect with 5G satellites. Another major update to Release 17 will be a lower data rate for wearables and IoT devices.
Release 17 will introduce reduced capability (RedCap) as part of its specification. RedCap refers to the 5G NR reduced capability update in the 3GPP Release 17 spec, and it describes how 5G-enabled devices use less bandwidth to operate under the new standard. Wearable or IoT devices using RedCap can operate in a 20 MHz channel, rather than the 100 MHz channel 5G NR typically uses.
Qualcomm said Release 18 will scale back the necessary bandwidth for RedCap devices while maintaining compatibility with existing 5G NR and RedCap devices.
5G Advanced and AI
5G Advanced will use AI and machine learning (ML) to apply intelligent network management and improve the performance of complicated, multi-antenna systems. According to Ericsson, this support enables new use cases, such as extended reality (XR) communication, which builds on established augmented and virtual reality applications.
A major aim of 5G Advanced is to derive more energy-efficient networks. Implementing AI and ML updates on the network will make this possible, Ericsson said. 3GPP said it will define a base station energy consumption model as part of the Release 18 specification, as well as determine power reduction methods for the upcoming standard.
With the new specification, enterprise users will have the advantage of enhanced location positioning. Nokia said 5G Advanced will "improve cellular-positioning accuracy to below 10 cm by using beamforming as well as time-based methods to determine location." These improvements will enable machinery to move with centimeter accuracy indoors without access to a GPS satellite signal.
It's still the early days for 5G Advanced, but carriers are preparing for the next phase of 5G.
"Release 18 will support a number of system enhancements and support for vertical services -- from XR experiences to artificial intelligence and machine techniques in the network," said Brian Daly, assistant vice president of standards and industry alliances at AT&T Labs. "However, these specifications will not be complete until early 2024."
Daly added that AT&T is deeply involved with 3GPP and will work closely on specifications. He expects to see Release 18 features in products within 18 to 24 months after development.
With improved data rates, location, timing and coverage on the way, enterprise users should pay attention to the latest phase of 5G. | <urn:uuid:d098c058-3db3-42fb-a8ce-043122b46479> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/tip/5G-Advanced-features-include-accurate-timing-AI-support | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.91962 | 955 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Peace and Love!💜
As I am in deep thought today, and desiring to give what I promised, it is occurring to me, the subject may be out of reach for a full synopsis with troves of books and acadamia and spiritual connotation, to describe GIVING JUSTICE to this figure is very limited.
The majority of what is taught in prescribed academic institutions is of the historian, poet, and later philosopher, Plato. It is Plato who visited ancient Egypt”Kemet” to help the Greeks FORM a theology and philosophy that would grant them wisdom and guidance into the coming millennia. One of these adopted theologies was one of the main basic tenants of Christianity, The Holy Trinity, The Greek Pantheon, and Creation Stories. However, it was not only Greek theology that was forming as the Greek/Roman began to impose their systems on many cultures of belief(religion) after what they say was the Birth of Christ. Although, The AKAN and IFA systems of ancient KUSH revisited and practiced during the 25th Dynasty of the same , Ancient Kemet or North Africa HAD and STILL RECOGNIZE Gods that experienced and represented some of the same values/ persons/ events within its own venerated belief. The resurrection of the God Osiris (Asar) is one of these persons closely resembling the Story of Jesus. Yet, we covered this holy one in another post and today would like to deal with a separate entity altogether, the God Ptah!
I would like to also bring this vid as a good resource of the history and belief.
(Akan/Kushite concept of a Supreme Being)
So how come I have only just read about him a few years ago?
The idea of an amphibious appearing being with a staff of power PROVEN to actually be evidence of the first efforts of human and electrical involvement-The DJED , his metal staff of truth! Why don’t we know this, collectively?
The First Architect is the God Ptah (which phonetically sounds very close to “Allah” or am I tripping?)…
Things have definitely been concealed in respect to this figure as history actually begins to remove Ptah completely as a figure and replacing him with a Lotus Flower.
THIS needs explanation but that is also limited. In my estimation and based on some of my readings of the Vedic Texts, The Lotus Flower is significant as a SYMBOL and PHYSICAL REPRESENTATION in nature of The Supreme Being. There is also a Lotus Sutra describing the relationships. An entirely different system altogether, it seems to connect.
Ptah as a Lotus Flower loses scope as a Lotus Flower cannot do as a man or man-like creature can.
Ptah is said in Memphis Theology to have created the Universe (our universe) and everything (at that time) in it. He is said to came from a source energy and a womb of watery space called the NUN.
The following is taken from the Shabaka Stone/Memphis Theology
“53 There comes into being in the heart ; there comes into being by the tongue, (something) as the image of Atum !
Ptah is the very great, who gives life to all the gods and their Kas. Lo, through this heart and this tongue.
54 Horus came into being in him ; Thoth came into being in him as Ptah.
Power came into being in the heart and by the tongue and in all limbs, in accordance with the teaching that it (the heart) is in all bodies and it (the tongue) is in every mouth of all gods, all men, all flocks, all creeping things and whatever lives ; thinking whatever the heart wishes and commanding whatever the tongue wishes !
55 His (Ptah’s) Ennead is before him as heart, authoritative utterance, teeth, semen, lips and hands of Atum.
This Ennead of Atum came into being through his semen and through his fingers.
Surely, this Ennead (of Ptah) is the teeth and the lips in the mouth, proclaiming the names of all things, from which Shu and Tefnut came forth as him, and
56 which gave birth to the Ennead (of Ptah).
The sight of the eyes, the hearing of the ears, and the breathing of air through the nose, they transmit to the heart, which brings forth every decision.
Indeed, the tongue thence repeats what is in front of the heart. Thus was given birth to all the gods. His (Ptah’s) Ennead was completed.
Lo, every word of the god came into being through the thoughts in
57 the heart & the command by the tongue.”
Ptah opens up the realm of possibility by writing in the DNA and activating it. His name in the hieroglyph resembles human DNA. We know (as a fact, and not possibly a theory) that SOMEONE read and composed it all , CORRECT?
Well later doctrines start to deal less and less with any of it.
And instead focus on a later visitation of a Christ or BUDDHA. Dominant factions of Christianity MAKE this person GOD.
Under colonial powers, most have taken on these concepts, instead. Most aren’t troubled enough to study (research) and go far back enough in their studies to find the omission, and information “lost in translation”.
However, the Dogon Tribe amazingly HAVE STORIES of a Supreme and Amphibious black God visiting and leaving representations of himself as nature and even the FISH to EAT! HE SAYS TO EAT OF HIS BODY!
This is the God Nommo.
Does he relate to Ptah as a later representative?
The Ogdoads and Ennead were both pantheons with beings such as these. Why are they thought to be dead?
Here is a good vid by Brother and scholar on the subject, leave your comments below!
Study Black History!📣 | <urn:uuid:44c7a647-efca-47b6-a01b-c21d17d36b22> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://goddesque.org/2021/05/09/ptah-is-godhow-did-he-get-blackballed%F0%9F%A4%B7%F0%9F%8F%BE%E2%80%8D%E2%99%80%EF%B8%8Fby-nijeta-ankh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.97073 | 1,279 | 1.960938 | 2 |
They feels like another life. Back in 2011, brand new RAB (Financial support Accounting and Cost management) fees of the new model (brand new ratio off commission finance that might be created out of) is actually believed is up to 31 per cent. The most recent analysis throws this new fees at the 53 per cent having regular degree financing, and this refers to predicted to go up to 54 % in 2020-21.
To get one to in the a human level, on such rates if the an individual college student borrowed ?9,250 into the 2020 the us government carry out end up paying ?4,995. Discover real student likelihood too – for the 2019 cohort simply twenty-five per cent off regular undergraduates are essential to settle its fund entirely, with “most” of your own remaining 75 % anticipated to shell out at least part of their harmony, or some of the interest accrued.
Which figure has grown on account of Theresa choice (recall the speech for the cough?) to raise the newest installment tolerance, and this already sits in the ?twenty-seven,295 to have article 2012 finance. Graduates do not beginning to pay off such loans up until they secure over this new endurance – plus when they create a fraction of that is this new payment of great interest (currently during the a total of RPI together with step three per cent) rather than the dominating.
5 million within the 2019-120. This may increase so you’re able to ?twenty-two million in 2024-twenty-five if your program continues to be the same. The brand new market is costly. Any Covid relevant finance strategies – state, payment refunds for students – perform increase that it paying.
It had been David Willetts which first started to pull this regulators bookkeeping build towards general coverage talks – and several tend to remember Andrew McGettigan’s feedback of the layout and you can the system that it relates, causing the well-known “fiscal illusion” (where the program featured much lower inside the national personal debt than simply it absolutely was actually) is actually identified and you can managed – and then make a change to the system much more almost certainly.
During, the new title university fees payment contour attracted the desire, and also the concept of college students using “?nine,100 a year” turned a familiar shorthand that was familiar with attack many points of your industry. It had been incorrect. The thought of a government subsidy on cost out-of financing from the graduates is always a part of the form – people with high income would pay a lot more, more and more, and people who earned faster will have the fund authored off immediately after 30 years.
LEO (Longitudinal Informative Effects) and you will relevant IFS lookup muddied that it h2o. It turned into clear that students of some subjects at the particular universities was in fact prone to earn more, and pay more anyone else. Regulators began to result in the same category mistake while the children did – it believed these people were subsidising subjects which were before related to reduced earnings unlike spending cash in secret provision. The initial capital of money is nearly an identical in instances (even if large costs topic supply and some professional provision do interest more funds), nevertheless the repayments create differ – including, despite understanding a base subject nurses remain insisting toward working in low paid off jobs, very part of the subsidy from mortgage repayments was an effective identification the United kingdom is always to pay nurses ideal.
Artisans plus was available in getting attack – we worthy of art and you can musicians really defectively in relation to salary, although there are proof that the skills that underpin aesthetic practice work for brand new scholar in other implies. Such as for instance is actually the small alter from pre-pandemic policy.
Each one of these predicts out-of upcoming investing count, of course, to your predicts in regards to the county of your own standard cost savings. Using this type of investigation put out on the same go out so far much more disaster strategies was indeed launched to support the united kingdom from the next trend out of a great pandemic, along with after that methods anticipated to partly mitigate the impact regarding a no package Brexit in December, you might do just fine to help you pause and you can think.
Especially, the new amounts put-out now are derived from new OBR Main Covid-19 projection having RPI, and therefore posits good several.cuatro percentage area decrease in GDP resistant to the earlier in the day period – an effective projection which Paul Johnson of your IFS called “optimistic”. New “downside” prediction carry out create a share point out these RAB forecasts, the fresh “extremely upbeat” forecast to the “upside” (which could comprehend the discount bounce back to a beneficial pre-covid prediction because of the first one-fourth regarding 2021) would lose that.
When discover likely to be a complete expenses feedback and you may budget we were in addition to pregnant a forthcoming response to the newest Augar declaration – at this time who knows what will happen – and it is hard to not ever find it launch as preparing a floor for that effect. Advanced schooling has actually clearly acquired costly with the exchequer, which means you would predict that evidence to own problems could be helpful in suggesting any type of provider can be into notes.
Yet still, here we have been, straddling a couple independent oncoming monetary crises. Do you consider today wouldn’t be enough time – while the youngsters employment rates shed, new skills are needed, and you will class beginning to flower – to mess into the school system. Would not your? | <urn:uuid:ae3b92e0-cb2e-44a4-8fcc-885ca8da2a64> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lottescompanies.com/2022/07/27/brand-new-annual-costs-how-much-money-handed-out/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.963904 | 1,179 | 1.8125 | 2 |
The burden of high prescription medicine costs for America’s patients continues to drive much of the national health care conversation and biosimilars are a key part of the solution. There have been more FDA biosimilars approvals, increased provider interest, and growing payor efforts to drive utilization and acceptance of these more affordable versions of expensive biologics.
Specifically, UnitedHealthcare, the nation’s largest insurer, recently announced that it would begin preferring biosimilar medicines over certain expensive brand biologics for their Medicare Advantage (MA) plans. Other major insurers, Aetna and Kaiser Permanente, have publicly stated that they are actively evaluating making similar changes.
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Administrator Seema Verma is leading the charge. CMS has placed a high priority on encouraging the uptake and utilization of biosimilar medicines within the Medicare and Medicaid Programs. In August, CMS issued guidance that allows MA plans to “apply step therapy protocols…that [do] not create an undue access barrier for beneficiaries” in Medicare Part B. Under this guidance, UnitedHealthcare announced it would begin applying step therapy to certain high-cost Part B brand biologics, and begin preferring available lower-cost clinically equivalent biosimilars in those cases, for 2019.
FDA-approved biosimilars are safe, effective and less-costly alternatives to brand biologic medicines. Biosimilars have been proven to be highly similar to, and have no clinically meaningful differences from, previously approved brand biologics (known as “reference products”). Biosimilars, much like generic drugs, represent a significant opportunity to create competition in the market and expand patient access to critical medicines.
On average, currently marketed biosimilars list prices are roughly 40% lower than their brand counterparts, making biosimilars an integral component of the Administration’s stated goal of lowering drug costs for America’s patients. This is why a report last year concluded that increased biosimilars utilization would mean access to treatment for 1.2 million new patients.
We look forward to continuing to work with CMS on policies that will increase patient access to more affordable alternatives to brand biologic medicines. | <urn:uuid:03327604-e0b8-4e58-8ac6-b4eaa209c8a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://biosimilarscouncil.org/resource/taking-steps-to-increase-patient-access-to-life-altering-biosimilar-medicines/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.918159 | 453 | 1.5625 | 2 |
What do you really know about the way the Internet works?
How did it get to you?
Who built the infrastructure behind it?
Who makes decisions about its future?
These are some of the questions Center for Public Integrity reporter Allan Holmes wanted to answer recently when he traveled to Tullahoma, Tennessee, and Fayetteville, North Carolina, for Reveal radio.
These two cities are battlegrounds, pitting big telecommunications companies against cities that want to build their own high speed Internet service in a fight playing out in State houses, ballot boxes and, ultimately, desktops across the country.
Jared Bennett: So Allan, what is it about the telecommunications industry that’s interesting to an investigative reporter?
Allan Holmes: Well on first blush it probably isn’t that interesting but you’ve got to realize these are some of the largest corporations in the world. They also give some of the largest amounts of money to campaigns; they spend some of the largest amount of money in lobbying. AT&T, Comcast and Verizon spend millions and millions of dollars, so they have a lot of influence. But I think what interests me even as much as that is that these corporations control the information we use to live our everyday lives and how we make decisions based on that information.
And this is only going to become more important and they’re going to become more powerful as the Internet of things evolves, which means that everything will have its own URL, even your light bulbs, and we run almost every facet of our lives on the Internet. So this is really important stuff.
JB: What makes the Internet interesting in cities like Fayetteville, North Carolina, and Tullahoma, Tennessee, where you visited and this story’s focus is on?
AH: We looked at these two cities, first of all Tullahoma has a broadband network, Fayetteville has fiber optic cable network underneath the ground but they can’t use it. So you have one city that has broadband and can give it to the residents and businesses and another one that doesn’t, Fayetteville, N.C. So we wanted to juxtapose these two cities. The other thing that’s interesting, and this actually happened after we went to these two cities back in the summer when we first started reporting this, is that Wilson, North Carolina, filed a petition to the FCC and Chattanooga filed a petition to the FCC asking the FCC to preempt the state laws that are holding them back from expanding their own city-wide broadband networks, so there’s even an added interest at that level.
JB: Right, in Tullahoma, they have this high speed Internet, but not everyone in the area can access that, is that right?
AH: That’s right. The state law in Tennessee basically says that if you have a municipal broadband network you can’t expand beyond the boundaries. And this is typically into more rural areas but even into subdivisions, and you go to these subdivisions and they look like any subdivision outside of a major city.
JB: So Internet is faster in Tullahoma than it is in other parts of Tennessee and than it is in Fayettevillle … what’s the big deal, what’s at stake?
AH: Well, a lot of people think it’s just a matter of being inconvenienced, that’s the way it’s thought about and presented to people. But really it’s more than that.
What’s interesting is that even the lawmakers who are getting these bills through think that way. For example in North Carolina there’s a representative named Marilyn Avila. She represents Wake County which is where Raleigh, the state capital, is in and she got a bill passed in 2011 and we went to her office in the state legislature there in Raleigh and asked her the very same question, and this is what she told us:
“I know that’s one of the issues that a lot of people have, and particular I hear it with downloading movies and things like that and people want to complain and I’m thinking OK, then don’t download that many.”
But this isn’t really about downloading movies, it’s really about jobs and development and making your community a place where people want to live and are set up for success, and you hear it from almost everyday people working in these communities.
JB: Sounds like it’s a big deal, but fast Internet and slow Internet, those can be abstract ideas so lay things out for me clearly: what can people do in Tullahoma that they can’t do in other parts of the state?
AH: In Tullahoma, there’s a small startup software company called Agisent, it actually moved from South Carolina to Tullahoma because Tullahoma’s very fast, it’s a gigabit network, one of the fastest in the world. For a town of 18,000 that’s pretty impressive. And also it’s very reliable and that’s what this company called Agisent needs. What they do is they provide a web document management service to police departments, prisons, courts typically; they are small to medium sized departments that can’t afford their own IT expert to manage their networks so that’s really important to them that they can do that in Tullahoma.
That’s fine for Agisent. But then you go outside of Tullahoma, you just drive like 3, 4, 5 miles outside of Tullahoma into this suburban area where there are some very nice homes, and they don’t have Internet access. They don’t even have AT&T, U-verse or Charter Communications which is another telecom there who provides service in Tullahoma. They don’t serve this area. And ran into a fellow named Matt Johnson, he is an entrepreneur, he started up a company called Road Rage Gauges, which are gauges that you put in your truck or high performance car to measure how it’s performing so you don’t overtax your engine or damage it in some way. What he did was he spent $2,000 rigging up a system so that he could get wireless access, but that’s just way too slow for him. He has clients in China and South Africa and Germany that he has to talk to and when we visited him at his home, this is what he told us about his experience:
“So I had to point the antennae out of this end of the house because nowhere in the house did I have any signal whatsoever. So I had to put the antennae here, protected, point it towards Tullahoma, towards town. I had to amplify it. I had to direct it and it was all sitting in here on a homemade contraption just to get Internet, so that’s what I had to do.”
JB: In the past the president has framed this as a jobs creation issue. And that’s what it sounds like when you talk about companies like Agisent and Matt Johnson’s company, but is that what you found through your reporting?
AH: Yeah, you even talk to big investors, venture capitalists, about the importance of having broadband in a city and you find out that, yeah, Obama is right. We talked to Cameron Newton in Tullahoma. He was an investment banker in New York and for a very large bank in Charlotte, and now he’s a venture capitalist and we sat down in his office in Tullahoma to ask him about the importance of broadband to a city.
“Manufacturing in the U.S. is very, very different than it used to be, and it’s changing rapidly. And now you’re having much more automation. The next move in manufacturing is to additive manufacturing, which is 3D printing. None of that equipment is going to be isolated so in other words it’s all going to be connected. So if you don’t have broadband accessibility, if you don’t have fiber in your community, where are these manufacturing plants going to go? Well, they are going to go to areas that do have it.”
JB: So if that’s the case, what’s the argument big telecommunications companies use against city-run broadband?
AH: Well, first of all they are worried about competing. In a lot of these cities you only have one, maybe two, if you’re lucky three companies competing but mostly it’s one or two.
In Tullahoma, as I said, it’s AT&T and Charter Communications.
In Fayetteville it’s Time Warner cable and Century Link but even they don’t cross over boundaries; they usually separate their areas so they don’t compete.
But what they’re saying is that it’s unfair competition. The government is competing against the private sector, which is unfair because they don’t have to meet the same requirements that a private company does. They don’t have to pay taxes; they don’t have to make a profit; they can borrow money at a much lower interest rate than private companies.
But this is the thing; you ask these cities, “Why don’t they just go with a private company?” And every one of them told us that, “Well, we did ask, the problem is that the incumbent Internet provider didn’t want to upgrade their networks or they didn’t want to expand it out into areas where they weren’t.”
So the cities basically said, “Well, where does that leave us?”
That leaves us, if we want to survive economically because we need to attract businesses and support local businesses, we need this network, so we got to do it.
JB: The people who make policy decisions, the lawmakers, they are on the same Internet that their constituents use, don’t they see limited connection as a problem?
AH: They do see it as a problem but they don’t think that having the government provide the broadband is the best way.
What’s also influencing that decision is the amount of money that’s flowing.
For example just at the national level there was $88 million spent last year on lobbying by the telecom industry and since 1996 the telecom industry has spent $167 million in giving to campaign donations.
Now these lawmakers have told us, of course that doesn’t influence the way they vote.
But we asked a number of lawmakers about taking money, and about why they have the positions that they do.
And one of those people was Glen Casada, he’s the third in line in the leadership in the Republican party in Tennessee, and he’s been involved in helping derail some of the bills that have been introduced that would allow expansion of broadband.
This is what he told us:
“My district is about 2/3 high-speed and 1/3 non-high-speed. So I do hear a lot of that, and I talk to several of those providers: ‘we need help, what’s the solution?’ and their retort is, ‘Well, we can’t afford to go to the southeast corner of your county because we would lose money and lose money hand over fist.’
And I said, ‘We’ve got to figure this out, and real quick, because if we don’t figure it out, then we’re going to have to go with a solution that may not be palatable to the free market system.’
So there is an answer, I contend we have to work it out and figure it out so that the free market solves it, because if a government-run entity solves it, it’s got long-term negative implications.”
JB: What are the possible long-term negative effects that he’s talking about here?
AH: Well first of all it’s competition and that the private companies will lose jobs. But mostly what people point to is that cities don’t know how to run these networks and that they’ll get into financial trouble and eventually that the taxpayers will have to bail out the losses. When we talked to Marilyn Avila about this she pointed to a very large thick binder basically showing that there isn’t any municipalities that are making money in the U.S. and many have failed. She mentioned for example Provo, Utah’s, Utopia which went bankrupt, true, but the interesting thing is that this study was put together by a law firm in North Carolina that is a lobbyist for the telecom communication.
But not everybody believes that. When we talked to Jim Baller, he’s the lawyer that is representing Chattanooga and Wilson, North Carolina, and the FCC for their petitions to preempt the state laws there, toallow them to expand their broadband. He had this to say about municipalities not making money:
“The large majority are doing just fine. They are recovering their costs, they are benefiting the community. The handful of projects that have struggled we hear about them over and over and over again as if repeating the same name 20 times means there are 20 failures.”
JB: The worry that politicians have, it’s pretty understandable, that failures will be passed on to the taxpayers and that they’ll have to foot the bill, is that right?
AH: Well, it’s how these laws are put together and the provisions that are in them. What’s interesting is that some of these laws, especially like North Carolina’s, they only give cities one option to fund the building of the networks and that’s called general obligation bonds. That puts taxpayers at risk, they’re on the hook if something goes wrong. But there’s other ways to finance these networks, and one is called revenue bonds where investors are paid based on the amount of revenue that’s being generated off the networks from being sold to businesses and to residents and the only people who are at risk to that are the people who chose to buy the bonds, it’s not the taxpayers.
JB: Did you run into anything about how telecommunications regulations work that would surprise the average customer?
AH: While people aren’t really happy with their service, the telecommunication companies, the Internet service providers, rank almost dead last in customer service in most surveys. But they don’t know why, and when you tell them the amount of money that’s involved in the state legislatures that are funding these bills, that are influencing or at least part of the whole play of lawmaking there, they are surprised. And this isn’t just relegated to the average person on the street, the state lawmakers aren’t aware of the amount of money that’s going to their colleuges and what might be motivating them, they’re surprised.
JB: Why should I care about municipal broadband laws in other states if I live in an area where my Internet runs smoothly and it’s running as it should?
AH: Well first of all I don’t know if it’s running smoothly and as it should, I think there are still some problems in the other 30 states that don’t have these type of laws. That said, they should be very interested in this because if municipalities are allowed in these states to create broadband networks or expand them, it’s going to create more competition, which leads to more innovation which will then spill over into their states.
Help support this work
Public Integrity doesn’t have paywalls and doesn’t accept advertising so that our investigative reporting can have the widest possible impact on addressing inequality in the U.S. Our work is possible thanks to support from people like you. | <urn:uuid:83920177-cc9c-4b39-a337-88bb9957a364> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://publicintegrity.org/inequality-poverty-opportunity/behind-the-municipal-broadband-battle/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.971444 | 3,367 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Energetische upgrading van Nederlandse Wederopbouw flats
According to the European Union, the future (2050) will be completely energy neutral and circular. Renovation concepts are needed for making existing homes more sustainable, taking into account the housing qualities of the existing stock, changed requirements and housing requirements, accessibility of the concepts on a large scale and simultaneous technical, social, energetic and circular renovation. For terraced houses, many energy concepts and strategies are available for the energy transition in the direction of energy neutral, while for high-rise houses, little knowledge is available. In the area of renovation to circular, as far as feasible, little knowledge is available. The research, therefore, focuses on high-rise system houses from the Reconstruction period 1950-1975, with a focus on the energetic spatial part of the renovation concept.
The research aims to develop possible strategies for energetically upgrading existing Dutch high-rise system houses from the Reconstruction period to energy-neutral for large-scale application with a view to circularity. This objective has practical relevance: society benefits from large-scale upgrades to achieve European climate objectives. Corporations, which primarily own the Reconstruction high-rise flats for social rental, owners’ associations and residents, benefit from new insights that can contribute to the circular energy upgrade of this stock. The theoretical relevance is to increase scientific knowledge in the field of energetic and circular upgrading.
The existing high-rise housing stock from the Reconstruction Period (Flat 1.0) is mapped based on literature research and case studies to provide an answer to possible strategies for energy upgrading. The theoretical framework studies general system theory and various layers approaches to support the research. The essential concepts are defined using literature research. Flat 2.0 categories energetic adjustments focused on ‘comfort upgrading’. The focus of a new generation of adaptations of Reconstruction of high-rise flats (Flat 3.0) is on spatial energy upgrading to energy-neutral apartments and on which design principles and technical and energetic principles they are based.
The system theory provides tools for determining the choice of modular or integral upgrading. The scale-up of upgrades requires a modular approach because of a few relationships beyond a specific system boundary of upgrade elements. Accessibility and a layered approach are essential conditions.
The simultaneity of the necessary technical, social, energetic and circular renovation, with the approximately 650,000 porch houses and 250,000 gallery houses that have to be renovated in a short time, provides an entirely different approach to the Flat 3.0 upgrade concept. This forces a radical approach in which an incremental approach is no longer sufficient. Scaling requires industrially oriented, innovative ideas.
Flat 3.0 describes five possible strategies in the form of positions relative to the thermal shell, and combinations between them, to limit heat loss.
Eliminating structural and building physical defects of the existing stock (Flat 1.0) is an opportunity for functional upgrading in the field of accessibility and social safety. Comfort upgrading (Flat 2.0) is the starting point. The technical upgrading of the shell of the building can take place in several ways: adapt the existing shell or place a new shell for the current shell. Both whether or not in combination with an extension or with gallery/balcony replacement due to thermal bridges or poor technical condition. Sixteen strategies are described for this. A simple building model shows the relationship between energy ambition and the amount of self-generated energy on or on the building. The building model shows that with a closedness of at least 40 % of the sun-oriented facade, 40 % of the access facade and 100 % of both end facades and roof, the generation of standardized building-related and user-related energy can be met on an annual basis. The possible closedness of the facade consists of 5 principal variants. The design of the upgrade depends on the construction method within which a construction system has been applied. A unique way is an entirely new circular ‘overcladding’ around the existing building envelope. The new industrial overcladding repairs defects in the old building envelope. Functionally, this means better wheelchair accessibility, better separation between public and private and more spacious balconies for increased living comfort. The roof zone and the front wall zone can serve as a place for additional housing for small families in the form of stacked and connected tiny active flat house modules. These modules designed for circularity simultaneously provide thermal upgrading of the relevant existing facade surfaces. To become energy-neutral or even energy-supplying, and thus also to meet the userrelated energy demand, the façade and roof area sustainable can generate energy. Enlargement of these energy-generating surfaces is an essential condition for a lower closedness of the residential facade.
The indicated directions for the upgrade of high-rise flats can be converted into specific elaborations for specific high-rise flats in particular contexts with particular clients. The detailing and materialization in support of the modular circular upgrade principle are central to this. Besides, financial feasibility based on circular business models and multiple value creation needs additional research.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. | <urn:uuid:7c5fe9ff-ceb7-4e7e-85e6-ab12086f8374> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.bk.tudelft.nl/press/catalog/book/758 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.915415 | 1,067 | 2.109375 | 2 |
This course covers advanced techniques for writing exploits and patching vulnerabilities, taught through an intense, hands-on security laboratory. A significant part of this course involves solving Capture-The-Flag (CTF) and discussing strategies for solving such problems. This course covers a variety of topics including (but not limited to) reverse engineering, exploitation, binary analysis, and web.
Operating systems or equivalent (e.g., CS 3210 at GT).
- When: Fridays 3:30pm-6:15pm
- Where: 107 Architecture (East)
Office hours and recitation¶
We have an optional recitation (and office hours).
- When: Mondays and Wednesdays 6:00pm-7:00pm
- Where: E361 Classroom Van Leer
Who should take CS 6265-seclab?¶
CS-6265 is primarily intended for motivated seniors and graduate students who are interested in learning the skill sets necessary to participate in CTF competitions (e.g., DEFCON CTF).
- 100% Lab.
- If you didn’t turn in a single (full) lab, you will get an F.
- You have to submit AT LEAST one flag per lab.
- Solve the tutorial counts. If you solve all tutorials in all labs, you will not get an F.
- 40%: A, 30-40%: B, 30-20%: C and below (in each group).
- Refer to Canvas for grading policy per lab.
- No midterm or final exams.
- We provide a week of a grace period (50% points after due date).
- See Game Rules.
Online discussion is strongly encouraged and it will help you a lot in solving lab problems. Please join Piazza and post your questions, ideas and thoughts.
CS6265 provides one week of a grace period (50% points after due date) and we strictly follow the cheating policy (read GT’s Academic Misconduct Policy).
Cheating vs. collaboration
Collaboration is a very good thing. On the other hand, cheating is considered a very serious offense and is vigorously prosecuted. Vigorous prosecution requires that you be advised of the cheating policy of the course before the offending act.
- For this semester, the policy is simple: don’t cheat:
- Never share code or text on the project.
- Never use someone else’s code or text in your solutions.
- Never consult project code or text that might be on the Internet.
- On the other hand, for this class, you are strongly encouraged to:
- Share ideas.
- Explain your code to someone to see if they know why it doesn’t work.
- Help someone else debug if they’ve run into a wall.
If you obtain help of any kind, always write the name(s) of your sources.
Don’t publish or post your work online (e.g., github). Any violation of these rules would result in F in your grade. | <urn:uuid:59fbc16b-e8d4-4c62-8c13-b4224ed06984> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tc.gts3.org/cs6265/2021/info.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.848088 | 674 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Hamilton City Council is working with community groups and residents to improve our natural habitats and increase the city’s biodiversity for future generations to enjoy.
We have had thousands of native trees and shrubs planted by community group volunteers to encourage native birds, like tui, back into our city, and it is working, however there is still more that we can achieve together.
And it's not just planting. We offer a wide variety of interesting projects from monitoring native bats, planting native trees and shrubs, pest plant control, mulching and weed removal, gully & stream restoration and much more!
How can I become involved?
Visit www.visithamilton.co.nz to join an organised volunteer planting day. Or, complete the Community Planting Registration Form and we'll be in touch to chat about volunteering options.
Volunteer in your parks
Take part in an organised volunteer day, join a community group project or talk to us about how you can volunteer regularly in Hamilton parks and reserves. Learn new skills, meet new people and be active and healthy while learning about your parks and contributing to the environment.
Corporate volunteer days
Does your workplace undertake volunteer days? Or are you interested in having a team building exercise? Contact us about some great opportunities for your workplace to help with projects in your parks. Whether it is through planting, maintenance or some other activity there is always something on offer and it’s a good way of getting your workplace recognised in the community.
Donations and sponsorship
The Council welcomes contributions from individuals, groups or organisations for the benefit of our community and the city's environment. For information about how you can contribute to the city’s parks via one of the ways listed above please email the Community Planting Coordinator.
Our coordinator can help:
- Educate you about our local native plants
- Facilitate applications for funding of your groups project
- Provide ecologically sourced native plants for park restoration projects when resources available
- Provide any other restoration advice and technical support
- Mangakotukutuku Stream Care Group
- Riverlea Environment Society
- Mangaiti Gully Restoration Group
- Hamilton Mountain Bike Club
- Waiwhakareke Natural Heritage Park
- Gully Restoration Guide
- Waikato Environment Centre
- Volunteering Waikato
- Waikato Regional Council
- Project Echo
- Project Halo
- Environmental Education
- Native Plants & Flora
- Biodiversity Waikato
- Trees for Survival NZ
- Landcare Research Garden Bird Survey
- The Fairfield Project
Community Planting Registration Form
Last updated 20 July 2022 | <urn:uuid:35b467df-a623-405c-8877-2bb599b688ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hamilton.govt.nz/parks-recreation-and-community-spaces/community/community-planting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.907088 | 567 | 1.929688 | 2 |
If there was ever a time Americans needed a vacation, it was the 1970s. Nearly everyone had a good reason to pack up their station wagon or VW minibus and leave it all behind. The gloomy conclusion to the war in Vietnam had sent morale plummeting, while unemployment and inflation skyrocketed and remained elevated so long that economists had to coin a whole new term for the phenomenon: stagflation.
The pressure of making ends meet also helped push the traditional nuclear family into meltdown. The number of divorces filed in 1975 doubled that of a decade earlier. All things considered, it isn’t surprising that many people, including my parents, decided the best plan was simply to sit out as much of the ’70s as possible at some distant beach, historic battlefield, or theme park.
Despite the flagging economy, Americans continued taking vacations throughout the ’70s in record numbers, if only for a couple of weeks each year. In fact, 80 percent of working Americans took vacations in 1970, compared to just 60 percent two decades earlier. As a result, attendance at national parks, historic sites, and other attractions surged 20 to 30 percent every year until 1976.
To reach these far-off places, my family, like most others, traveled by car. It wasn’t that we enjoyed spending endless hours imprisoned together in a velour-upholstered cell, squabbling over radio stations. It was that we had no other choice.
Air travel had always been too expensive for anyone not named Rockefeller or traveling on the company dime, much less a pair of middle-class parents taking four kids to the beach. Adjusted for inflation, a domestic plane ticket in the ’70s cost two to three times the price of the same ticket today. Given the cost, it shouldn’t be too surprising — and yet still is — that as late as 1975, four in five Americans had never traveled by plane. Not for a weekend getaway to Las Vegas, not to head off to college, not for a once-in-a-lifetime honeymoon in Paris. Never.
Although ordinary joes couldn’t afford a plane ticket, nearly every family could afford a car, often two. If there was one thing America was very good at, it was producing automobiles. Following World War II, American car factories needed only to do some quick retooling to go from churning out airplanes and tanks to cranking out cars faster than ever. And thanks to a booming economy, Americans could afford to buy all those shiny new cars as fast as they rolled off assembly lines. During the 1970s alone, Americans logged 14.4 trillion highway miles.
My family alone was responsible for approximately 1 trillion of the miles logged by travelers in the ’70s. At least that’s how it seemed to me: As the youngest of four kids, I was the one relegated to the backseat, rear window shelf, or rear cargo compartment of a series of fine American automobiles purchased by my father over the course of the decade. Together, we toured the country (well, half of it anyway — we rarely traveled west of the Mississippi) in week-long journeys taken two and sometimes three times a year.
My father was one of those people born with no “stop” gene. He always had to be on the go, always had to be doing something. Even if he was sitting still, his mind was always racing, thinking about the next item on his to-do list: his next sales call, his next round of golf, his next Rotary meeting, his next whatever.
In short, his disposition made him ill suited for 15- to 24-hour road trips. The advent of the 55 mph national maximum speed limit only exacerbated his restlessness. But what really aggravated my father was having to make stops he judged unnecessary — which is to say, any stop at all. If my dad had his way, we wouldn’t have ever stopped — not for meals, not to refill our gas tank, not even for potty breaks.
What really aggravated my father was having to make stops he judged unnecessary — which to say, any stop at all.
My dad couldn’t do much about our need to occasionally refuel — at least, beyond stretching every tankful of gas to its gauge-defying limit. But he could control how often we stopped for meals. His main strategy was to forget meals altogether. As lunchtime approached after a long morning’s drive, he’d click off the radio and announce, “Why don’t we all take a break for a while? Maybe you kids can get a little extra sleep. You’ll want to be rested for the beach tomorrow!” We’d settle into our corners to read magazines, click away on our electronic games, or just doze off, only to awaken hours later with rumbling stomachs.
Finally, one of us would say, “Dad, I’m hungry! When are we stopping to eat?”
“Oh, look at that,” he’d respond, playing dumb. “Did we miss lunch? Well, no point stopping now. We’d just ruin our appetites for dinner!” Then he’d ease into the passing lane just in case any exits appeared.
Though I have little knowledge of such things from personal experience, I’m told some families once even stopped for minutes — maybe an hour! — to enjoy freshly cooked meals — served on actual plates with silverware! — while out on the highways. In fact, one man built an empire preparing such meals for hungry travelers. His name was Howard Deering Johnson.
Johnson inherited his entrepreneurial spirit from his father, who owned a Boston cigar store and export business in the early 1920s. Unfortunately for Johnson, he also inherited the equivalent of more than $100,000 in debt when his father died and left him the foundering business. Quickly concluding that the cigar business might not be the best for striking it rich, Johnson decided to try his hand at another, buying a small drugstore and soda fountain in the Wollaston neighborhood of Quincy, Massachusetts, in 1925.
Business was brisk at the soda fountain, but competition was fierce. To help his business stand out, Johnson decided he needed to offer truly outstanding ice cream — like the kind made by a local pushcart vendor, an elderly German immigrant. Learning the man was contemplating retirement, Johnson paid the handsome sum of $300 for the vendor’s recipe. The secret, Johnson learned, was doubling the typical amount of butterfat and using only natural ingredients. But for Johnson, even that wasn’t enough. He locked himself away in his basement and used a hand-cranked ice cream maker to create and perfect 28 different flavors, a number Johnson believed covered “every flavor in the world.”
Before long, customers were lining up for Johnson’s tantalizing array of frozen treats. He quickly opened another stand at a local beach — it served as many as 14,000 cones in a single day! Leveraging the popularity of his ice cream, Johnson began serving freshly grilled meals as well and soon opened a full-blown restaurant. Besides hamburgers, “frankforts” (as Howard Johnson called his hot dogs), chicken pot pies, and other staples, the menu also included another New England favorite: fried clams. Unlike other restaurants, which served whole clams, Howard Johnson’s prepared and fried only the meaty foot of each clam, calling them “clam strips.” The item became Howard Johnson’s signature dish.
However, just as Johnson was hoping to take advantage of his growing fame by opening another location, the stock market crash of 1929 intervened. Unable to find financing, Johnson hit on the idea of leasing his restaurant’s increasingly famous name and recipes to the owner of an existing restaurant. This location, on the tourist mecca of Cape Cod, also proved fabulously successful. Soon other restaurant owners were clamoring to borrow the Howard Johnson’s name and purchase his food. Howard Johnson had invented franchising.
It wasn’t long before Johnson purchased the exclusive rights to build restaurants in service plazas along the new Pennsylvania Turnpike, Ohio Turnpike, and New Jersey Turnpike. By the late 1970s, Howard Johnson’s controlled more than 1,000 restaurants (under several names) and 500 motor lodges, making it the largest hospitality chain in the world.
If you want to start a food fight, there’s no better way than to declare where to find the world’s best barbecue or proclaim who invented the first drive-through restaurant. In his book The American Drive-In: History and Folklore of the Drive-In Restaurant in American Car Culture, Michael Karl Witzel makes a strong argument that credit for both should go to Texas entrepreneur Jessie G. Kirby and his chain of roadside Pig Stands, the first of which opened along the Dallas–Fort Worth highway in 1921. Declaring “people in their cars are so lazy that they don’t want to get out of them to eat,” Kirby had a brainstorm to employ a fleet-footed staff of order takers. The carhops (so named because the tip-motivated servers would sprint out to hop up on an approaching automobile’s running board) would take food orders right through the customer’s car window. Billed as “America’s Motor Lunch,” the new system launched a craze.
Technically, Kirby’s idea qualified his Pig Stand only as America’s first drive-in restaurant. The first drive-through would come later, and once again Kirby’s Pig Stand would be the originator. In 1931, Pig Stand No. 21 in California simply sawed a window into the wall beside the grill, allowing customers to drive up alongside the building and collect their food directly from the cooks who prepared it. It was a classic example of eliminating the middleman.
And so ends the debate about who invented the drive-through window, right? Well, don’t go pulling off just yet. Other sources claim the idea was conceived by a young ginger-haired entrepreneur named Sheldon “Red” Chaney, who purchased a small gas station along Route 66 in Springfield, Missouri, in 1947. After spending 16 hours a day pumping gas and observing customers, Red concluded two things: one, he didn’t want to spend the rest of his life pumping gas, and two, people hate getting out of their cars.
Eating at McDonald’s fit our modest travel budget. After all, the restaurant was cheap, and, well, so was my dad — at least when it came to food.
The Chaneys decided to get out of the business of fueling cars and into the business of feeding motorists. Redecorating their station on a shoestring, Red and his wife Julia covered the dining room’s tables in red-checkered tablecloths and topped each with a button-spigot Coleman cooler and stack of paper cups so diners could dispense their own water. But the couple’s most radical idea was adding a small window in the building’s west wall, allowing drivers to pull up and order food right from their cars.
The drive-through window prompted cars to line up around the building. Eventually Red installed an intercom system so drivers could dictate orders before advancing to the window to collect their food. Voilà! Red’s Giant Hamburg became the first modern fast-food drive-through restaurant.
Though McDonald’s restaurants had been around since the 1940s, the chain didn’t introduce its first drive-through window until 1975. The McDonald’s store in Sierra Vista, Arizona, was located just down the road from the Fort Huachuca military base, making it a popular lunch stop for soldiers. But military rules at the time prohibited enlisted personnel from exiting civilian vehicles dressed in fatigues. To accommodate the soldiers, the franchisee installed a drive-through window. Soon, the only ones dealing with issues of fatigue were the fry cooks scrambling to fill orders, and other franchisees began lobbying McDonald’s headquarters for permission to add their own. By 1980, McDonald’s was collecting $6.2 billion from 6,200 stores. More than half of that cash would be handed over through drive-through windows.
My dad didn’t care how it had all happened. He was just happy it happened at all. Finally, he had a means to put an end to his family’s incessant — unreasonable, he might argue — demands to eat more than once a day while on the road.
Of course, the explosion of McDonald’s restaurants and drive-through windows along the highways only solved the problem of quickly feeding the family. Inevitably, with six people in our car, at least one of us would also have to use the restroom. To complete both tasks with maximum efficiency, my father devised a plan that my family, after regular and rigorous practice, eventually executed to perfection. The goal was simple: keep the car’s wheels moving forward at all times. Prior to getting into the drive-through line, my father would take everyone’s food orders and pull up along the side entrance. Then we’d sprint to the restrooms while Dad eased the car ahead to place our order.
At the time, McDonald’s goal was to provide each drive-through customer’s order within 50 seconds. Factoring in a few additional moments for my father to pause — not stop! — while drivers ahead of him ordered, we had about 90 seconds to go to the bathroom and dash out the door to intercept our passing car.
Aside from all else, my family genuinely enjoyed McDonald’s food. It wasn’t fancy, but it was satisfying and predictable. A McMuffin in Milwaukee tasted the same as the one in Memphis; a Big Mac in Burlington was as big as the one in Baton Rouge. Such consistency was an enormous draw for families like mine while out exploring America — it was a familiar taste of home in places that seemed a world away.
Most important, eating at McDonald’s fit our modest travel budget. After all, the restaurant was cheap, and, well, so was my dad — at least when it came to “discretionary” expenditures such as food. Yet even as inexpensive as McDonald’s was, Dad found ways to trim the tab further. If three of us wanted our own regular-size Coke, he’d instead order one large Coke costing half the price and ask for three complimentary kiddie cups. Indeed, long before McDonald’s introduced the super-size concept, my father came up with “shrink-a-size.” If Dad believed one of us had placed an order that exceeded our appetite, he’d simply scale it back. Hence, many an optimistically ordered Big Mac became a less-than-enthusiastically received regular hamburger. We discovered these arbitrary changes too late. It was only after we were at cruising speed and far past any turnarounds that he’d begin distributing the disappointment.
When it came to deciding what and how much food we’d get in a trip to the drive-through, my dad was — in the most literal sense of the phrase — always in the driver’s seat. It wouldn’t be until I had my own driver’s license that I received exactly what I ordered at a McDonald’s drive-through.
Richard Ratay graduated from the University of Wisconsin with a journalism degree and has worked as an award-winning advertising copywriter for 25 years.
Featured image: PictureLux/The Hollywood Archive/Alamy Stock Photo.
This article is featured in the July/August 2019 issue of The Saturday Evening Post. Subscribe to the magazine for more art, inspiring stories, fiction, humor, and features from our archives.
Become a Saturday Evening Post member and enjoy unlimited access. Subscribe now | <urn:uuid:ca81364d-c80c-44ec-b14b-183aa884c6b5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/2019/07/the-family-road-trip/?fbclid=IwAR1W6Cgn7IN8MtHHskXW6z0oCbZn9PPfzWso8mOdJevquPSfSdOE0SXZbyU | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.973458 | 3,371 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Aims and Scope
Materials Engineering Research (ISSN: 2630-4503) is an open access, continuously published, international, refereed journal in material field, publishing material science method, technology, and characterization, relevant to material engineering, as broadly defined.
Topics of interest include, but are not limited to the following:
• Material synthesis and processing
• Material Structure
• Material Crystallography
• Material Properties
• Material Application
• New Materials
• Emerging technologies in material engineering
Hearing aid devices are powered by the oxidation of zinc that occurs within zinc-air batteries. Zinc-air batteries have an average discharge time of 7 days. Therefore, hearing-aid devices need frequent battery replacement. In this paper, degradation mechanisms of zinc-air batteries investigated where a competition mechanism between zinc passivation and dendritic formation dictates the battery life. This research included exposure time from none to 9 days and to document dendritic growth with time. Scanning electron microscope images were taken to quantify the damage growth as well energy dispersive X-ray tests were conducted to comment on the composition changes. The results confirmed an increase in oxygen in exposed batteries from unexposed. These results matched findings from past literature. Exposure time was investigated to optimize battery lifespan. In conclusion, life of zinc-air batteries depends on the competition mechanism of zinc passivation and dendritic formation caused by oxidation and our investigation shows that this occurs within the first 7 days.
Failure of critical engine components such as compressor, fan, and turbine disks during flight can cause the loss of the engine, aircraft, or even life. To reduce the risk of this failure during flight, different methodologies and tools have been developed to determine the safe operating life of these critical disk components. The two most widely used lifing methods, safe-life and damage tolerance, are inherently conservative, retiring all components when a predetermined operating limit is reached. Both methods retire components with theoretical useful life remaining. Additional lifing methods can be used to reduce this conservatism and extend the life of these components. Retirement for cause, developed within the United States Air Force is a lifing method that can extend the life of components by retiring a component only when there is cause to do so. Military and industry standards on lifing methodologies were reviewed. Both deterministic and probabilistic approaches to disk lifing methods are discussed as well as current tools. This paper provides a comparison of the methodologies and tools currently being used today by both the government and industry.
Ethicon Coated Vicryl absorbable sutures of different diameters were studied in order to determine if a relationship exists between the load and measured clearance. A prototype was designed to simulate knot location. Tensile tests were conducted on the suture knots followed by clearance measurements after each load level was applied. From the results it was concluded that the measured clearance was directly proportional to the amount of load applied to the suture knot. Also, based on the diameter of the suture, the smaller the diameter, the lower was the total displacement of the knot or the clearance.
This article was prepared from a project assigned in a graduate class, BME 7371, Failure Assessment of Medical Devices, taught at Wright State University by the senior author. The device was donated for the study which was successfully retrieved after 93 days in-vivo. Even-though the mechanical integrity of the device held in-tact, the microscopic observations revealed that the damage via corrosion and scratching took place on the surface of the device. The image reconstructed in 3D using image-J software to determine device roughness and depth-of-pits. Results presented in this paper show that damage starts developing in these devices after the implantation that resulted in premature failure in many cases as reported in the media and literature.
| ISSN: 2630-4503
Abbreviation: Mater Eng Res
Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Chuanlang Zhan（China）
Publishing Frequency: Continuous publication
Article Processing Charges (APC): Click here for more details
Publishing Model: Open Access | <urn:uuid:8a06cc19-5f59-4f4f-b50d-d2470f1a2a82> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.syncsci.com/journal/MER/index | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.950662 | 846 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Successful spaces bring people together, creating communities with a common purpose.
Community centres, GP surgeries, shops, leisure and cultural facilities are all vital elements of local development. They unlock social value – making a measureable difference to people’s health, wellbeing and economic prosperity.
The spaces between buildings matter too. Our public realm glues these elements of a community together, providing spaces to share experiences and to play. They keep us safe. Make us look up. Help us feel well.
We approach community projects holistically – combining our health and education, hospitality and leisure, and residential expertise – to create places which deliver more than the sum of their parts.
By actively listening and engaging, we get to grips with the needs of community and client – be that a local authority or a commercial developer.
We deliver developments that make a measureable difference to the people who matter most: the people who make this place their home.
News | 1st August 2022
We’re thrilled to announce that we will be supporting the design of a new home for Getaway Girls, a charity for women and girls in Leeds.
Insights | 25th October 2021
Climate change is part of our daily awareness. We’re all faced with choices on how we can do our bit. But what about the bigger picture?
Insights | 6th January 2021
Our SBE Toolkit measures sustainability, belonging and engagement in spaces – from office blocks to primary schools. | <urn:uuid:28de985d-8708-4192-9b07-f84a334b1fdb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://adp-architecture.com/sectors/culture-community/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.942712 | 302 | 1.6875 | 2 |
The Philippines must turn to renewable sources to solve its energy crisis, environmental experts urge, as the country comes under pressure from big corporations to buy into liquefied natural gas (LNG).
With its sole source of natural gas at Malampaya expected to have depleted entirely by the end of this decade, the island nation faces a choice of either importing LNG or steering away from fossil fuels to meet the energy needs of its growing population with renewables.
However, a report by the US-based Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis says: “For the Philippines and other emerging importers in Asia, LNG should represent a fuel of last resort — a temporary solution to fill the Malampaya gas supply deficit — rather than a sustainable, long-term solution for meeting the Philippines’ energy needs.”
LNG is made by cooling natural gas into a liquid, which reduces its volume by about 600 times, making it easier to ship, handle and store. Consisting mostly of methane, LNG is cleaner than other fossil fuels such as coal or petroleum and is used for heating, cooking, generating electricity and manufacturing various products. It is also used as a fuel for vehicles.
According to the US International Trade Administration, the current energy mix of the Philippines is composed of coal (47 per cent), natural gas (22 per cent), renewables (24 per cent), including hydro, geothermal, wind, and solar, and oil-based energy (6.2 per cent), adding up to a capacity of 23 gigawatts. By 2040 the Philippines will need 43 gigawatts of additional capacity.
“Choosing LNG only extends the life of fossil fuel-based systems, locking in the Philippines to decades of fossil fuel dependency,” Laurence Delina, assistant professor at the division of environment and sustainability, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, tells SciDev.Net. “Given the climate emergency, the Philippines should waste no time transitioning to readily available and cheaper wind, solar, geothermal, and sustainable hydro resources.”
But US companies involved in power projects in the Philippines are pushing for the import of LNG. A recent white paper, sponsored by the US Agency for International Development (USAID), argues that in 2018 coal accounted for 52.9 per cent of carbon emissions in the Philippines, against 40.7 per cent for oil and 6.4 per cent for gas.
According to the white paper, in 2019, coal-fired power was responsible for an estimated 630 air pollution-related deaths, 1,300 new childhood asthma cases, 240 pre-term births and 149,000 days of sick leave in the Philippines. Using LNG decreases emissions of carbon and particulate matter as compared to coal-fired power generation, leading to public health benefits, the paper says.
“The Philippines and the Asia Pacific Region can realise strong economic and environmental benefits from the use of LNG as a part of its energy demand solutions. The LNG market is still evolving and growing, and it continues to provide safe, clean, and reliable fuel,” the paper says.
The Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis counters the findings of the white paper by arguing that “many of the assumptions underlying the [white paper’s] findings are ill-timed and seemingly ignore current dynamics in the global LNG market and recent developments in the Philippines’ energy industry, as well as findings from the international scientific community regarding the incompatibility of greenhouse gas-intensive fossil fuels like natural gas with global climate goals”.
The author of the report, Sam Reynolds, an energy finance analyst at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis, says: “A wholesale buildout of the Philippines’ LNG-to-power fleet would risk locking-in long-term dependence on a foreign imported fossil fuel, to the detriment of cleaner, cheaper domestic renewables.”
According to Pep Canadell, executive director of the Global Carbon Project, construction of new long-term infrastructure that will use any type of fossil fuel is inconsistent with the Paris Agreement, an international treaty that seeks to address climate change by limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, as compared with pre-industrial levels.
“Although there might be a strategic place for natural gas in a low carbon energy economy, the contribution needs to be small and cannot be growing from where we are now,” Canadell tells SciDev.Net. “All forms of fossil fuels need to peak and decline as fast as possible — first coal followed by natural gas and oil,” he adds.
*Sanjeet Bagcchi is a private medical practitioner with extensive writing experience, including for the British Medical Journal, Lancet, Canadian Medical Association Journal, Plos Biology, The Telegraph, Nature India, among others. | <urn:uuid:edd01df3-0c1f-489e-8bf3-4a6e3c527741> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eurasiareview.com/17102021-philippines-torn-between-lng-and-renewable-energy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.929869 | 988 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Monroe Union Breakfast Rotary Club has, for the last 38 years, rewarded college-bound high school seniors with scholarships based on their community service. It is the Club's perennial project.
The club also supports education in other ways, specifically, Union County Public Schools students and teachers. It has, over the years, initiated multiple club projects including:
Restocking the clothes pantry at Rock Rest Elementary, a Title 1 school, because accidents happen!
Buying equipment and materials for a STEM classroom at Benton Heights Elementary, a Title 1 school.
Conducting tree planting / educational sessions on school campuses for fourth graders.
Building a bus shelter for children waiting for the school bus in The City of Monroe Willow Oaks housing complex.
These programs received grant funds from Rotary International, individual contributions, and many hours of volunteer time by members and their friends and families. | <urn:uuid:c452e2b9-b7e2-49d4-bf8f-734de3c1bdd1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.monroebreakfastrotary.org/focuseducation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.947784 | 190 | 1.648438 | 2 |
This interesting surname is of English locational origin from either Micklehamin in Surrey or Micklam in Cumberland. The placename derives from the old English pre 7th Century "micel" or "mycel" meaning large or big plus "ham" village, estate, manor or homestead; hence "large village or homestead". The surname is first recorded in the latter half of the 13th Century (see below). One, John de Mykelham, appears in the 1327 Subsidy Rolls of Sussex and Fraunces Mycklem, is noted in the Register of Bisham, Berkshire 1561.In the modern idiom, the surname has many variant spellings including Micklem, Miklem, Micklam, Maklem, etc.. Recordings of the variants of the surname include; Charlotte, daughter of John and Frances Mickleim, who was christened on June 14th 1799, at St. John Hackney, London; on December 28th 1800, George Gould, son of John and Ann Micklam was christened at St. Martin-in-the-Fields, Westminster; John, son of George and Mary Micklen was christened on September 29th 1808 at St. Nicholas, Whitehaven, Cumberland; and on August 21st 1825, George, son of William and Sarah Mickling was christened at St. Mary, Carlisle, Cumberland. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of John de Mychelham which was dated 1296, the Subsidy Rolls of Sussex, during the reign of King Edward 1, "the Hammer of the Scots", 1272 - 1307. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
© Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2022 | <urn:uuid:50c9b082-a080-4354-8766-aca366cbbdd4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Maiklem | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.945358 | 401 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Por favor utiliza este link para citar o compartir este documento:
|Título:||On the morse potential in liquid phase and at liquid-vapor interface|
|Palabras clave:||Surface tension|
|Fecha de publicación:||31-Jul-2012|
|Editorial:||Revista mexicana de física|
|Descripción:||Canonical Molecular Dynamics simulations have been performed to calculate thermodynamic properties in the liquid phase and at the liquid-vapor interface for fluids interacting by Morse potential. Transport properties such as self diffusion and shear viscosity have been calculated in one phase. Self diffusion shows an important dependence on particle number whereas shear viscosity does not show such dependence. At the liquid-vapor interface, properties such as orthobaric densities, vapor pressure, and surface tension were calculated. Equilibrium densities were compared with results obtained by NpT plus test particle method, and an excellent agreement was found. The surface tension and the vapor pressure are computed for the first time in this work. We also analyzed the cut-off distance dependence in both bulk and interfacial properties. No significant difference was found in the data obtained when two different cut-off distances were used, Rc = 2.5σ y Rc = 4.0σ. This is a consequence of the short-range nature of the potential.|
|Aparece en las Colecciones:||Revista Mexicana de Física|
Archivos de este documento:
No hay archivos asociados a este documento.
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. | <urn:uuid:ca29a006-62aa-45ce-99e8-838c6156ca20> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://repositoriodigital.academica.mx/jspui/handle/987654321/85444 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.717123 | 452 | 1.625 | 2 |
for Sant Cugat and Barcelona
Every year we do various solidarity campaigns at the school, some of which are to help people who live in the same municipalities where we are from.
The food collected in this campaign will go to the warehouse managed by Caritas in Sant Cugat del Vallés and to needy families in the Raval neighborhood, served by Acció Social Montalegre, in Barcelona. As we usually do, we have distributed the different requests from these entities by courses:
Infantil P0, P1, P2
Infantil P3, P4, P5
|Jars of cooked legumes|
Food can be brought to school from December 9th to 17th. | <urn:uuid:5ebafef6-aa8c-4d49-953a-902983b5a54d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://viaro.org/en/christmas-food-collection-2020/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.878439 | 280 | 1.539063 | 2 |
The year 2020 forced many people to face the harsh reality of how deeply rooted systemic racism is in our great nation. People of color experience discrimination in every facet of life, but what made this past year different was the public display of egregious murders committed against Black people, the senseless killings of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Ahmad Arbery, amongst several others hit us at the core. The community demanded a response from all: where do you stand on the fight for racial equality? There was no greater conversation. From major organizations to small businesses, from friends to family at the dinner table, statements supporting BLACK LIVES MATTER and actions for reform were being made public to demonstrate solidarity with Black people. It wasn’t until after telling my story to the world, “Racial Injustice Inside New Jersey’s Union County Women’s Rugby Club” did USA Rugby publicly recognize the movement, affirm their support for Black Lives Matter, and ensure their promises for positive change. Unfortunately, that has not been the case out of public view.
“We support the movement and actionable efforts to bring equality to our community. We stand shoulder to shoulder with all members of the Black community and with all people who fight for racial and social justice. We want to make clear that bigotry and racism in all forms have no place in rugby or society in general.” -USA Rugby BoardUSA Rugby Official Statement
Since 2019, I have been actively battling against racism and discrimination within the rugby community and more recently, the criminal justice system due to the abuse I received during my time playing with Union County Women’s Rugby Club. Along with a true ally Angelina Tornetto, we reported the crimes and injustices done by coach Ivano Mirandi, president of UCWRC Anna Gildea, her husband/coach Ryan Murphy, the team, and higher-ups within the Empire Geographical Union Ken Pape and Gary Heavner to the proper channels set in place for player welfare. Throughout this struggle, I realize that the fight for racial equality is a constant, everyday battle where communitive effort and true allyship is vital. It is a privilege in and of itself to believe that the system in place will protect you by following its own policies regardless of race, gender, sexual orientation, color, or creed. After sharing with the world very vulnerable parts of my life as an African American female athlete in rugby- being physically assaulted, persecuted, blacklisted, bullied, harassed, and wrongfully suspended repeatedly, I finally received a response from USA Rugby. I was assured by officials that they “have been reviewing this internally and after a few conversations feel that [they] have a path forward” in response to my racial injustice. With my situation failing to be handled appropriately from its inception, I was hopeful that we would now work together towards a resolution and ensure that this does not happen again in our “Rugby for All” community.
I did everything that was required of me. I made multiple SafeSport reports, an extensive appeal document with a plethora of supporting evidence, a detailed 42-page narrative, and gathered all supporting documents that clearly demonstrated discrimination on the basis of race and the inconsistent applications of policies that were constant in my case. It has been 6 months from the time I sent over my documents in which USA Rugby has failed to adequately respond.
Behind the scenes of this battle, it was once again being revealed to me that this process has been fundamentally flawed and deliberately ignored. In order for USA Rugby to appropriately handle their officials within their institution, it would also mean admitting to the unequal treatment related to race and the inconsistency in applications I undoubtedly endure throughout my fight for justice. Instead, the response has been essentially no response- letting racism go unchecked. That silence is powerful.
I am yet to meet with an appellate panel or any formal due process regarding this matter as months go by and the upcoming season approaches. The efforts of collusion to keep this matter pending and under wraps is evident. Ivano Mirandi who physically assaulted me has not been suspended from coaching, nor has Ryan Murphy for their emotional and verbal abuse. Anna Gildea Union’s president who lied, defamed my character, blacklisted, and gaslighted me to the organization receives no repercussions. President of Empire GU Ken Pape is still the active president after neglecting his duties, lying, publicly attacking and denigrating Angelina and myself on social media. The World Rugby Judicial Officer Gary Heavner who handed out the suspension in response to our SafeSport reports also acts as the Director of Governance in the same GU. No formal investigation into any of the individuals reported, the positions they hold, or the organizations they run has been conducted. On the other hand, I am still suspended whilst awaiting a form of action from USA Rugby. Disregarding this racial injustice is a refusal to acknowledge personal responsibility for systemic issues. USA Rugby has professed commitment to the Black community with intentions to, “listen and take steps toward the goals of greater access to our game and inclusiveness in playing, coaching, refereeing, and administering the game we all love,” but when faced at the forefront are unwilling to engage below the surface. Slacktivism.
It’s easy to be lulled into slacktivism when your privilege allows it. We mustn’t fall into the trap of thinking activism begins and ends with a hashtag or representation in a post. It requires real work and redesigning of our social systems. The conversation cannot change until steps towards true reformation are being taken. Recently accepted into Columbia University, my participation with Columbia Women’s Rugby is already being affected before it has begun. Due to reporting the multiple forms of abuse I received whilst on Union County Women’s Rugby team, I continue to be suspended for whistleblowing awaiting action by USA Rugby. It is too often in this country that Black lives have been made guilty before proven innocent and I have been long affected by this within the community. I am reaching out to raise awareness of what is happening in a seemingly all-inclusive environment, get USA Rugby to handle this situation of racial bias within their organization, stimulate real reform and policies that bring about positive change, and ultimately be cleared and eligible to play in a safe environment.
Because USA Rugby has ignored previous efforts including a petition of almost 1,000 signatures, please click the link below to sign your name and send a message to board officials to prompt action in accountability for racial discrimination and the protection of wrongfully suspended players. #MakeItTheConversation
Additionally, please reach out to email@example.com if you have any guidance, tips, or legal advice on how to continue to navigate this matter as I do not have access to emails sent through the Change.org and GoFundMe pages that were previously created. Thank you all! | <urn:uuid:6d819498-d672-4b61-a528-391bf4daeaa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://truth-serum.blog/2021/04/07/ivy-league-student-suspended-for-whistleblowing-against-racial-injustice-within-usa-rugby/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.963099 | 1,413 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Venezuela's Maduro re-elected president amid poor voter turnout
Issued on: Modified:
Venezuelan officials declared socialist leader Nicolas Maduro the easy winner of Sunday's presidential election, while his leading challenger questioned the legitimacy of a vote marred by irregularities and called for a new ballot.
The National Election Council announced that with almost 93 percent of polling stations reporting, Maduro won nearly 68 percent of the votes, beating nearest challenger Henri Falcon by more than 40 points.
The disputed victory is likely to heighten international pressure on Maduro, as voter turnout was the lowest in a presidential race since the start of Venezuela's leftist revolution two decades ago. Even as voting was taking place Sunday, a senior State Department official warned that the U.S. might press ahead on threats of imposing crippling oil sanctions on the nation that sits atop the world's largest crude reserves.
The election "without any doubt lacks legitimacy and we categorically refuse to recognize this process," Falcon told supporters before the results were announced.
Falcon was joined in his call for a new election by third-place finisher Javier Bertucci, who got around 11 percent of the vote. Bertucci, a TV evangelist, stopped short of challenging the results, saying what he called a mistaken opposition boycott that led to the lowest voter turnout in two decades of socialist rule also boosted Maduro.
But he said that in the event of a new vote, Maduro should do the courageous thing and desist from running. If Maduro presses forward, he said, Venezuela would explode from a social crisis marked by widespread food shortages and hyperinflation before his new six-year term starts next January.
Maduro immediately called for dialogue with his presidential opponents. But he showed no sign of replaying Sunday's vote.
"The electoral processes have ended for now," he said, saying that he wanted to spend the next two years before scheduled congressional elections to focus on repairing the economy.
He also slammed Falcon, who like him was an acolyte of the late President Hugo Chavez. Maduro said he had never seen a candidate dispute results even before they were announced.
"Sooner or later, they all break in the face of threats from the imperialists," he said, appeling to the U.S. to also reconsider its belligerent stance toward his government.
Both of Maduro's opponents accused electoral authorities of turning a blind eye to a slew of blatant violations, including the establishment of red tents just steps away from voting centers where ruling party activists scanned on cellphones government-issued "Fatherland Cards." Many voters said they hoped it would bring them a cash bonus or even a free apartment.
Under Venezuela's electoral law, any political activity must take place at least 650 feet (200 meters) from voting centers. National Electoral Council president Tibisay Lucena acknowledged a handful of complaints, but insisted they were minor compared to past elections.
Falcon said his campaign found "red points" at 86 perecent of polling sites nationwide. He called them a "pressure mechanism, an element of political and social blackmail" directed at the poor.
Voting centers across Venezuela appeared largely empty for the election despite assurances from government officials that millions had turned out to vote by midmorning.
Turnout in the previous three presidential elections averaged around 79 percent. Chavez, after taking office in 1999, eliminated mandatory voting in Venezuela.
Opposition leaders said the lifeless voting centers were evidence that Venezuelans heeded their call to abstain from voting in an election they contended was certain to be rigged in favor of Maduro's socialist policies.
Opinion polls say the overwhelming majority of Venezuelans distrust the electoral council. Turnout figures in last year's elections for a constitutional assembly, which the opposition also boycotted, were inflated by at least 1 million votes, according to the company that provided technology for Venezuela's electronic voting machines for more than a decade.
Both Maduro and the two anti-government presidential candidates who broke with the opposition's push to boycott the election had urged voters to go to the polls.
Maduro, setting an example for government supporters who he called on to vote early, cast his ballot in Caracas shortly after fireworks and loud speakers blasting a military hymn roused Venezuelans from sleep around 5 a.m.
He said Venezuelans would provide an example of democracy to the world and brushed back suggestions he was taking the country down an authoritarian path.
"It's offensive when they say the Venezuelan people are falling under dictatorship," he said after voting.
Maduro also said that if he won the election, he would seek an understanding with his opponents on a way forward for the crisis-wracked country. "I'm going to stubbornly and obsessively insist in dialogue for peace," he said.
Daily newsletterReceive essential international news every morningSubscribe | <urn:uuid:9afcc6ee-fdb3-4d3f-9760-b6122abec3e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.france24.com/en/20180521-nicolas-maduro-declared-winner-disputed-venezuela-election | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.975981 | 986 | 1.640625 | 2 |
- UCAS course code
- UCAS institution code
This course is available through clearing
Year of entry: 2022
- View tabs
- View full page
Course unit details:
Structure and reactivity of organic molecules
|Unit level||Level 2|
|Teaching period(s)||Semester 2|
|Offered by||Department of Chemistry|
|Available as a free choice unit?||No|
This course unit detail provides the framework for delivery in 21/22 and may be subject to change due to any additional Covid-19 impact. Please see Blackboard / course unit related emails for any further updates
Weeks 1-4: Rings and Stereoelectronics (Dr Nathan Owston)
Weeks 5-8: Introduction to Primary Metabolites
Weeks 9-12: Retrosynthetic Analysis (Dr Andrew Regan)
|Unit title||Unit code||Requirement type||Description|
|Energy and Change||CHEM10212||Pre-Requisite||Compulsory|
|Structure and Reactivity||CHEM10412||Pre-Requisite||Compulsory|
To extend the concepts presented in previous courses to the structural, mechanistic, physical and biological properties of organic molecules.
On successful completion of the course students should be able to:
- Apply knowledge of structure and bonding to the kinetics associated with bond rotation and interconversion, and rationalise their consequences for spectroscopy and mechanism.
- Predict whether organic reactions will occur through consideration of stereoelectronic effects, basic kinetics and thermodynamics.
- Evaluate and propose strategies for the synthesis of cyclic molecules based on consideration of stereoelectronic effects, basic kinetics and thermodynamics.
- Apply the concepts of reactivity, stereochemistry and stereoelectronics to evaluate the nature of carbohydrates.
- Use knowledge of the nature of carbohydrates and protecting group strategies to evaluate the outcomes of reactions and construct synthetic routes to oligosaccharides.
- Apply the concepts of reactivity, stereochemistry and stereoelectronics to evaluate the nature of amino acids and select methods appropriate for their synthesis.
- Use knowledge of the nature of amino acids, protecting group strategies and solid phase synthesis to generate synthetic strategies for the synthesis of oligopeptides.
- Use knowledge of oligopepetide analysis, for sequencing and composition, to evaluate the primary (and secondary) structure of oligopeptides.
- Choose appropriate disconnections for difunctional target molecules, based on stabilities of the synthons generated
- Analyse the relationships between functional groups in difunctional compounds
- Choose appropriate synthetic equivalents for synthons resulting from retrosynthetic analysis
- Choose appropriate reagents for the reactions involved in planned syntheses
- Decide whether any extra methods of control are required for a synthesis to proceed as planned
Transferable skills and personal qualities
- Problem-solving skills: Manipulation of chemical structures and using multiple models, e.g. 2D into 3D and vice versa. Determination of reaction mechanisms and rationalizing reaction selectivity by consideration of steric and electronic factors. Evaluating synthetic routes and choosing and proposing syntheses and retrosyntheses using a logical, analytical approach.
- Numeracy and mathematical skills:(e.g.determination of mole fraction from polarimetry & graphical information)
- Analytical skills (e.g. spectroscopy and link to mechanism, analysis of chromatographic evidence for peptide composition)
- Communications skills (written and oral communication using chemical terminology and technical vocabulary)
CHEM20412 is delivered in a way which allows students to regularly receive feedback on their work and progress in lecture time. This is achieved through a significant amount of content being delivered as worked examples/content/problems during lectures. Such delivery allows provision of formative feedback through material, comments and suggestions which are designed to help guide students in their own conceptualization and approach to solving problems.
Worked content and problems offer opportunities for both facilitator and peer feedback by
- Providing opportunities for students to master concepts introduced in lectures, and apply these concepts to unseen material.
- Encouraging development of thinking skills (with a focus on critical thinking, analysis, evaluation and application, rather than simple reproduction of knowledge/process)
- Promoting teamwork and collaboration, and the development of skills associated with this, as well as individual responsibility for learning.
- Providing time for students to reflect upon their own learning, and to self-evaluate.
In addition, facilitators share problem-solving approaches/common misconceptions through whole-class feedback.
In addition to the above, three tutorials provide opportunities for more personalised tutor feedback and for informal peer feedback on CHEM20412 material in a collaborative, small-group environment.
CHEM20412 is supported by a selection of supplementary E-learning materials which provide an opportunity for students to evaluate their own progress during the module.
Exam technique and revision sessions
Provide an opportunity to deliver assessment-specific feedback relating to assessment criteria and understanding of question demand, as well as concerning problem solving in examinations (using past paper questions as exemplars).
Individual lecturers provide office hours or operate an open-door policy to provide individual, personalised feedback.
• J. Clayden, N. Greeves, and S. Warren, Organic Chemistry, 2nd edition (Oxford University Press, 2012), ISBN 978-0199270-29-3.
• S. Doonan, Peptides and Proteins, RSC Tutorial Chemistry Texts (RSC, Cambridge, 2002), ISBN 0-85404-692-5
• S. Warren, Organic Synthesis: the Disconnection Approach, Wiley, 2nd edition, 2008; classmark 545.9/W55). The first edition is also useful: (1982); classmark 545.9/W8. Workbook at 545.9/W5 (also available as an online e-book).
• S. Warren, Designing organic syntheses : a programmed introduction to the synthon approach, Wiley, (1978) (classmark: 545.9/W9) (9 copies)
The following Oxford University Press Chemistry Primers are recommended, and are freely available to students as e-books via the University Library catalogue and Bibliotech:
- A. J. Kirby, Stereoelectronic Effects, 1996.
- B. G. Davis & A. G. Fairbanks, Carbohydrate Chemistry, 2002.
- C. M. Dobson, J. A. Gerrard & A. J. Pratt, Foundations of Chemical Biology, 2001
- J. Jones, Amino Acid & Peptide Synthesis, 2002.
- C. L. Willis and M. Wills, Organic Synthesis, 1991.
- R. S. Ward, Bifunctional Compounds, 1994.
- J. Jones, Core Carbonyl Chemistry 1997.
A set of molecular models is also highly recommended.
|Scheduled activity hours|
|Assessment written exam||2|
|Independent study hours|
|Andrew Regan||Unit coordinator|
|Neil Dixon||Unit coordinator|
|Nathan Owston||Unit coordinator| | <urn:uuid:e16ec6de-dd6a-4eeb-ad14-43376d6f8919> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.manchester.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/2022/00544/bsc-chemistry/all-content/CHEM20412 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.81336 | 1,699 | 1.90625 | 2 |
For the last few days, I have started and been a part of numerous discussions especially on LinkedIn, where people are discussing about the effective use of technology in education. And I am amazed to see some great tech savvy educators putting all their efforts in finding various ways required for successful technology adoption and implementation.
They just want to see it happening, see students improve with the right use of technology in the classroom.
But few of them still have debates and still aren’t clear whether technology should be used or not. I believe the common thing with all of them is that they are not sure about the ways in which it should be used. “Effective use of technology in education” is perhaps a new discipline that needs to be taught.
And the thing that is different about this discipline is that the teachers, staff and administrators are also the learners for this, apart from the students (actual learners) of the educational institutions.
The fact that the same technology, product, app or tool can be used for different purposes by different people makes it tougher to find out standard solutions for the educators and learners.
Due to reasons like the one above, teaching this subject is not at all easy. Here are some of the most important things and strong tips I have curated from my discussions with those professionals to keep in mind for teaching this “new discipline”.
- The learning outcomes and relevant pedagogical approach always come first. Then we explore with the teachers which technology solutions could help achieve those objectives and goals, and what support they need in order to feel sufficiently comfortable to implement them.
- To help teachers integrate technology more effectively into their teaching, professional development around educational technology should be a higher priority for schools and districts, and it needs to be ongoing and collaborative. Professional development on educational technology should focus on what students need to learn, rather than on how to use a specific device.
- Technology shouldn't be learned in isolation, but in the context in which it's going to be used. Students should not be excited by the technology alone, but by the opportunities technology provides. Technology opens the window to greater connections with people, expanding content farther than ever before, and the ability to create new ideas. Expecting students to be excited about a piece of technology is like expecting a food critic to be excited about the fork. The excitement in students should be rather about the related activities and tasks which will be performed or done using technology as a medium not the technology alone. And the role of teacher would be to ignite this excitement and create engagement and various opportunities in classroom again with the help of technology wherever needed.
- It’s not just about providing devices in a classroom or in the hands of students. Are you providing connectivity? Do you have local content available to them? And are the teachers trained? All of these are important to help bridge the digital divide.
- Learning to spell or do long multiplication, or learning mathematical tables is certainly nowhere near as important as learning how to best use the technology now available to accomplish these and other, more complex, tasks.
Some debates also include the same old talk of technology replacing teachers, which is sad. Like all tools they don't replace good education, they enhance it. Technology is not here to replace a teacher but to enhance their capabilities. When it is used properly, a teacher learns new ways of teaching, and it not only improves the delivery of instruction but improves the teacher as a learner too. And a good teacher (so called 21st century teacher) has the most important trait of being a learner herself.
Technology is actually here to perform tasks which either won't have been possible, would have been tougher or costlier, or not so good without it. So the big “Why” to the use of technology in classrooms can be answered by the teacher keeping the points mentioned in the previous lines in mind.
I was inspired by the words of Tom Whitby, in one of his recent posts, he wrote “If we are educating our children to live and thrive in their world, we cannot limit them to what we were limited to in our world. As things change and evolve, so must education. As educators we have a professional obligation to change as well. We must retain a sense of relevance and that requires effort. Relevance does not come to us as we sleep in the night. Educators need to employ the very skills they are passing along to their students. They need to: curate, collaborate, communicate, critically think, and create. All of this is best accomplished through the use of tools of technology. An education without technology does not prepare our students with the skills that their world will require. Technology should be ubiquitous in education. “
It is hard to imagine how it will be possible to teach the tech savvy digital generation of 21st century without technology and still make them excited. And in fact, a more important question would be why we shouldn’t use technology as an aid, when we can benefit a lot from its effective use and reach the goals for student learning. It is no longer a choice as to whether or not to incorporate tech tools for learning into education. There are no choices for educators to make here.
I would love to end it with the great words of Sir Ken Robinson that "today; the use of technology is inevitable as students are born with technologies, so it is our duty to get it to the heart of the education. These technologies combined with extraordinary talents of teachers provide an opportunity to revolutionize education. We all must realize that technology is a massive driver of change, it has changed the whole context of education, and it is among the ways in which transformation will take place." | <urn:uuid:f44116f4-5570-4acb-951c-4b69c19e9504> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://edtechreview.in/trends-insights/insights/903-effective-use-of-technology-in-education-a-new-discipline-to-be-taught | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.971507 | 1,163 | 3 | 3 |
Why lower back pain common in women?
The lower back part of our body is called the lumbar region. Women are more prone to suffer from pain in this part of the body. It can be mild, annoying, severe, and sometimes unbearable. Back pain in women increases as they ages. Acute lower back pain goes away on its own but chronic pain lasts longer. If your back pain stays for more than 3 days, consult a doctor. You can perform yoga for lower back pain. It produces a magical effect on your body.
Many times, pain in the lumbar region arises due to injury that requires some immediate action for relieving pain. However, do you know why back pain affects women more than men?
A plethora of reasons are there that lead to the lower back pain issue in women. Some of them we have curated here to help you in preventing future back pain problems.
Menopause and Hormonal Problems
One-third of women life is spent in menopause. Around 70% of perimenopausal women show symptoms of estrogen deficiency. Genetics also plays an important role in lower back pain. Yoga for back relief is a good idea because it helps in dealing with severe pain.
During menopause, women go through an extreme level of pain. According to the researchers, it happens because of the lack of estrogen production. Estrogen helps keep the spinal disc healthy. Low levels of estrogen mean to cause the discs to degenerate.
Menstruation or Uterine Dysfunction
Painful periods also called Dysmenorrhea are responsible for cramping in women during menstruation. It’s a uterine dysfunction, which can be primary or secondary.
Usually, it’s a muscular pain during menstruation that occurs because of hormonal changes. The production of prostaglandins causes a high level of lower back pain.
In primary dysmenorrhea, women feel pain just after the start of their period. Contraction of the uterus in this condition separates the tissue in the uterus lining. Secondary dysmenorrhea arises because of physical issues. Infections, fibroids, growth, issues in the reproductive organs are the main causes behind secondary dysmenorrhea.
It’s a chronic issue in females, which shows up when the tissues acting as endometrial tissues start growing outside of the uterus. Either in the pelvic cavity or some other region. It’s a gynecological disorder that leads to a painful menstrual cycle, pain in the genital area, and lower back pain.
Such a condition puts women in a difficult situation because no place is left for the blood to pass. Like the uterine lining, endometriosis growth bleeds monthly too. Excess fluid causes irritation and inflammation in the surrounding environment. Eventually, all a women get is chronic pain. If diagnosed at the right time, lower back pain can be prevented. Vajrasana, sat nam kriya, squat, and many other yoga exercises for back pain are ideal to do when you have endometriosis.
Spondylothesis affect the lower vertebrae when one of them slips forward to the adjacent bones. Many don’t know that the entire backbone can slip. In some cases, this results in intolerable pain. The pain passes from the spine to the hip, back, and then to the legs. The lumbar area is the riskiest one when it comes to spondylolisthesis.
Even after all these, many possibilities are there behind back pain such as piriformis syndrome, SI joint dysfunction, postmenopausal compression fractures, and so on. Doctors recommend doing yoga for back pain relief and yoga for neck & shoulder pain. If you are unable to do yoga and want instant relief from lower back pain, try Moov Strong. It’s a strong and effective topical cream for treating lower back pain. Composed of four active natural ingredients, it has a lot of potentials. Use it to fight daily back pain. | <urn:uuid:9b0f3aa3-2c77-4e4d-926a-e62234cfb4b2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://beautyforworld.com/why-lower-back-pain-common-in-women/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.92554 | 836 | 2.59375 | 3 |
We’ve talked a lot about the general meaning of AI and the impact that it has had on our world. In previous articles we have talked about the types of AI algorithms and when and why those are used.
For any of you who have previously researched AI must have come across the following buzzwords; Computer Vision and NLP.
These are 2 of the most talked-about — and undoubtedly important — branches of AI and these are what we’ll talk about in this article.
By the end of this article you would have answered the following questions:
- What’s Natural Language Processing?
- What is Computer Vision?
- What is their importance?
- What is their impact on the modern world?
Without further ado, let’s get started.
NLP — Natural Language Processing
As the heading already gave it away, NLP stands for ‘Natural Language Processing‘. The most basic idea of NLP is all in its name but if we were to define it we would say it is:
‘the way machines interpret natural human language’
We know all machines see are Zeros and Ones. The concept of words, sentences, languages are not understood by machines so there are certain processing techniques that we need to use and this is where NLP jumps in to save the day. NLP is a very diverse field that starts from very simple steps but eventually leads up to very complex memory-based models.
Some simple Natural Language preprocessing techniques include:
- Tokenization — breaking down sentences into words.
- Stemming — cutting the suffixes of words to extract the core context from words e.g. studies → studi.
- Lemmatization — this is very similar to stemming but instead of simply cutting off the suffix, this reduces the word to its root e.g. studies →study.
- Bag of Words — an approach to represent all the important words in a corpus in the form of vectors.
- TF-IDF — similar approach as a bag of words but with the added advantage of giving higher weightage to important words and vice versa.
These are just a few of the simplest techniques, most of these are used in conjunction with one another and the end result is a numeric vector that actually makes sense to your computer.
Natural language processing covers vast processing techniques.
**If you have ever removed useless punctuation from certain text or converted the entire text to lower case then congratulations! you have applied NLP in your work.
But all these techniques seem quite useless! What good can we make of them? The answer is “Very Little”. Almost all of the techniques mentioned above are mostly used for data preparation. This prepared data is then passed onto larger, more complicated models which use them to generate useful outputs.
What is CV?
As NLP dealt with textual data, CV is the processing of image data by your computer and performing multiple useful tasks on those images.
We may see images as colorful paintings but a computer views them as pixels and channels. A color image has 3 channels (Red, Green, Blue). Manipulation of these pixel values is the basis of Computer Vision.
Some basic Computer Vision techniques include;
- Edge detection — detecting edges of the objects present in an image.
- Color segmentation — grouping similar pixels together to create a mask for the image.
- Noise filtering — removing unwanted entities from an image to make it clearer.
- Adding filters — this includes adding blurs, changing colors, cropping the image, etc.
This field is a little more intuitive than Natural Language Processing because it is easier to visualize the process but just like NLP, the above-mentioned techniques are fun to play around with but it is very little you can do with these alone. As a computer vision engineer real-world usefulness is achieved when we introduce complex Deep Neural Nets to the procedure.
Real-world applications of both NLP and CV are discussed in the next section.
There are many companies that are dedicated to developing products that utilize these techniques.
When you open your personal assistant by saying “Hey Siri” or “Okay Google” they respond to these commands because there is a trained NLP model in your smartphone which interprets these words and decides what action to take. The same model is used when you ask your personal assistant to do something for you e.g. Set a reminder.
Most of us are familiar with Snapchat and are or have been crazy about the real-time filters that they apply to your face. Placing a virtual crown on your head or making your eyes pop out. This is possible because of Augmented Reality — a field of Computer Vision. The computer vision model detects the shape of your face and keeps tracking it to change the position of the virtual object. Similar models are used when Facebook AI detects a person in your picture and suggests you tag them. Facebook Detectron2 model is considered state-of-the-art in object detection in images.
It is undeniable that the impact of artificial intelligence on everyday life has been huge. We utilize this technology in our everyday applications and don’t even realize it. AI has impacted our lives more than we realize.
After coming so far ahead in research and development, the world of AI continues to evolve with every passing day as newer models are released and new research papers are released.
If you enjoy data science and Machine Learning, you can view my other works. | <urn:uuid:d7df20f3-6e9d-48e9-8913-95ee9939d599> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://writersbyte.com/datascience/ai-for-beginners-3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.942446 | 1,141 | 3.203125 | 3 |
All representative democracies have their own political swamps. Swamps exist at the national, state-province, and local level. The Swamp became famous because of The Swamp in Washington.
For most people, The Swamp includes the Executive, the Legislative, many career bureaucrats, and all the lobbyists around all of them. But I also include the judiciary, because the Judiciary is also an entrenched power with huge clout over American politics, and it should not have that power.
The Swamp is not a right-wing or left-wing phenomenon, it is a systemic illness.
Ordinary citizens dislike The Swamp. They dislike it because they sense, correctly, that The Swamp runs the country, but not for them.
The way representative democracies work, it is almost inevitable for them not to develop some version of The Swamp; the Swamp is a natural consequence of representative democracy.
The reason is simple; representative democracy gives all the executive power to the elected executive, to the elected legislator, and also to the judges.
The political parties can not drain the Swamp because being part of it brings them many benefits.
For example, passing a law or issuing an order that, rises or lowers tariffs, benefits one lobby or another. The lobbies who benefit are likely to help politicians at election time with big economic donations to their campaigns, with political ads, articles, books, favourable editorials and so on.
The lobbies need the politicians in the executive, and the legislative, and the politicians need the lobbies. It is a symbiotic relationship.
The fights we see in representative democracies, such as the United States, between the parties, are fights for power. What is important to them is to win the election to have the power the other side now has. No party ever campaigns to diminish the power of politicians.
In representative democracies, there are “checks and balances” to prevent that the executive, the legislative or the judiciary prevail over the other two, but the checks and balances in representative democracies do not check or balance the overall power of government over the citizens.
The newly elected government may dismantle the program of the preceding government, only to bring their own, perhaps even more controlling program. They never reduce government power (over ordinary citizens).
Regarding the judges, we have the situation in representative democracies where non-elected judges make political decisions.
But is even worse, the judiciary is accumulating so much power that often we have “government by the judges.”
In a representative democracy, the voters have zero, nada, power in-between elections, but in a direct democracy, the voters are the final decision-makers on any issue the voters decide they should be the final decision-makers; public expenses, big projects, treaties, taxes, military expenses, education, health care, etc., are some examples.
When the key decision-makers are the voters, the lobbies and other interest groups soon learn that it makes no sense to spend millions on politicians who have no power to help them.
As the lobbies spend less money in The Swamp, The Swamp drains, and many of its “creatures” leave it.
The key problem people have to overcome to bring direct democracy is the resistance of the politicians.
Direct democracy came to Switzerland, the only country with a long history of direct democracy, at all levels and branches of government, when the Swiss realized that the people, in an open, orderly manner, make better decisions than the politicians. But that realisation was not enough; they had to pressure and pressure the politicians to give up most of their power, they succeeded in 1798.
They were right; Switzerland is the most democratic, most stable, and best functioning country in the World.
Direct democracy also produced in Switzerland a political climate that is far less polarized than in representative democracies. In Switzerland, the major parties, who represent 70-80% of the electorate, govern in coalition; there is no “loyal” opposition in Switzerland because it makes no sense to have it.
In Switzerland, the judges are also kept in check; they can not rule if laws are or not constitutional. Swiss judges can not make decisions that cancel the decisions the people make via referendums either.
Direct democracy really is “government by the people”, nothing else is necessary.
If you want your country not to have a Swamp, you will have to mobilize, like the Swiss did. | <urn:uuid:287a72a9-c0e9-46df-a43a-e1226c75e1be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://directdemocrats.com/2020/12/06/direct-democracy-is-the-only-way-to-drain-the-political-swamps-in-representative-democracies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.968778 | 910 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Brisbane Asbestos Removals offers mold removal in Brisbane and surrounding areas. As a result of the simplicity of mold growth, it is not unusual for mold to be found in households and also industrial establishments. A few of the extra typical structural issues that can lead to mold and mildew growth include:
Long term direct exposure to mold can be unsafe to the body. A lot more common symptoms include throat, skin, and also eye irritation, migraines, sneezing, and extra. In rarer instances, certain sorts of molds might expose a person to high mycotoxin degrees, which can result in far more serious health concerns and in many cases can be deadly. The longer a person is revealed to mold and mildew, the much more serious these symptoms can influence an individual’s health. Mold and mildew remediation in Brisbane can assist to decrease unwanted mold and mildew direct exposure within a home or business establishment.
A leaking roof covering is possibly the most problematic water loss that results in mold and mildew development for one main reason: hidden, out of mind. A number of us do not invest too much time up in our attic rooms as a result, if there is a roofing leakage, that concern can possibly go unnoticed for a prolonged period of time. Given that a lot of attic room spaces have limited venting, these locations particularly during the summer time, experience greater moisture levels. Paired with the truth that most attics now have some sort of cellulose insulation, these conditions develop a feeding ground for mold and mildew. This results from the fact that cellulose insulation is basically finally processed paper items and also produces a feeding ground for mold. In addition, due to the fact that the majority of attic room spaces are secured from the home or business area listed below, any type of odor signs are typically not observed till a much bigger trouble occurs. If the mold is left to expand for an extensive amount of time in an attic room, it can easily infect the joist participants, roof covering outdoor decking, the remainder of the insulation as well as the drywall ceiling as well.
Within the Building:
Within any type of provided property, there is a myriad of possible locations and also reasons for mold and mildew development to occur. There could be leakages in the water lines servicing the:
A leakage with any other these items, particularly in instances of leakages within a wall surface tooth cavity, create a prime development setting for mold and mildew. All too often, our noses are the very best first sign of a mold and mildew problem. Consequently, if you smell something, try to follow it to its resource due to the fact that you may have an issue that requires to be taken care of immediately.
A large water loss or a flood is a major possible concern for mold and mildew. Water will certainly travel the path of least resistance consequently, when a huge amount of water is launched into a consisted of interior setting, there is nowhere for the water to go except to soak into the surrounding structure products: rug, pad, drywall, wood, furnishings, soft goods, and so on. Relying on the dimension and range of the flooding, there could be a great deal of job that needs to be completed. That is why it is extremely essential to get a professional disaster services company to help with the clean-up as rapid as feasible. With so many various areas and/or things influenced, if the drying out process does not begin right away as well as more than 48-72 hrs expire, the possibility for mold and mildew development increases exponentially.
Every one of our solutions surrounding mold and mildew removal in brisbane are executed within the standards. Our qualified specialists will examine your facility for locations that have actually been polluted with mold and also bacteria so a prepare for removal can be developed appropriately. Testing solutions and also clearance are offered by third-party professionals. For more details concerning our solutions pertaining to asbestos, lead, and mold and mildew remediation in Brisbane call us today.
Try our service, you will be well-to-do. We provide the most comprehensive and also most professional asbestos elimination in Gold Coast and bordering areas. We are one call away if you require any asbestos-related support.
Phone: (07) 4802 9364
Find us here. | <urn:uuid:4364cd85-b78b-461b-ac5a-36d914a20cba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brisbaneasbestosremovals.com/our-service/mold-removal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.957783 | 888 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Testing the Role of Error-Prone DNA Polymerases in Genetic Instability of Gene Duplications
Organisms like Arabidopsis thaliana activate error-prone DNA polymerases when under extreme stress, such as conditions causing high damage to DNA. We used DNA alkylating agent, ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS), to mutagenize a gene duplication mutant of Arabidopsis, called bal. This duplication causes a dwarfed phenotype involving shrunken rosettes. Mutants are stable under natural conditions, but after treating mutant seeds with EMS, a high frequency of progeny show bal phenotype suppression. This project was designed to determine whether error-prone DNA polymerases are involved in the high number of suppressed progeny. My experiments involved planting mutagenized and non-mutagenized seeds of various Arabidopsis genotypes: bal control and bal/error-prone DNA polymerase double mutants. Adult plants were characterized based on number of individuals containing suppressed phenotypes (e.g., expanded, flat leaves; tall flowering stems). Effectiveness of EMS mutagenesis was evaluated by opening Arabidopsis siliques to score plants giving rise to aborted seeds. This data confirmed mutagenesis induced lethal mutations in treated populations unlike mock-treated lines. As expected, EMS treatment produced a higher return in plants suppressing the balphenotype compared to seeds without mutagenesis. However, the difference in the return of the suppressed phenotype, between mutagenized seeds of bal control and bal/error-prone DNA polymerase double mutants, was not significant. These findings suggest these error-prone DNA polymerases are not involved in the high rate of recovery of suppressed bal phenotype plants after EMS mutagenesis. These error-prone polymerases may act redundantly, and it will be important to compare sector frequencies in further error-prone polymerase mutants.
Being at Boyce Thompson Institute has set the bar high for future internships I will be involved in. This was my first summer research experience, and I have learned so much by being immersed in this community. It has conceptually been a great help to handle protocols and lab procedures that were once just words read in a textbook, words mentioned by my professors, or material that was not even a part of my curriculum. With the tremendous support of the members of the Richards lab, I have been making a transition in my way of thinking. Rather than just taking in information, they have helped me to apply it, and I have enjoyed the process. This experience has also given me a better understanding of paths my life can take with opportunities I now know are available. I am excited more than ever about what my future holds. | <urn:uuid:4f642543-5578-4992-8539-7bbe0e6a3bfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://btiscience.org/educational-programs/internships/interns/clark/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.939789 | 549 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Evaluate the effectiveness of the communication
Tylenol Case Study 1 & 2.docx
Write 950 word case study analysis in which you evaluate the effectiveness of communication between an organization and its public.
Evaluate the effectiveness of the communication between the organization and its intended
public(s) in the case study (see case study attached), including the following:
– Identify the different publics involved in the case study. Differentiate between the internal and external publics involved. What impact did the communications have on the intended public(s)? Could the message have been communicated more effectively? How?
– Identify the different PR communication tools and techniques that were used to inform, influence, and
motivate the public(s) in the case. Evaluate the benefits and risks of using these tools. What other tools would you have used?
– If this crisis were to occur today, how would new technologies, such as the Internet, affect this case? Because of the recent globalization of markets, would the outcome of this case be different if the events occurred today?
Must be plagiarism free! | <urn:uuid:2e9db5c2-bbad-4a96-805d-427aee21218b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://submityourhomeworks.com/evaluate-the-effectiveness-of-the-communication/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.943116 | 234 | 2.703125 | 3 |
A northern Minnesota wildlife sanctuary known for its up-close views of black bears in their natural habitat is offering a chance to have breakfast with them.
Well, not quite. The humans are restricted to a viewing deck with Continental breakfast while the bears enjoy their somewhat more substantial morning meal.
That's one of many summer opportunities to see and photograph bears at the Vince Shute Wildlife Sanctuary, which opened for the season last week. Among the highlights: three weekend wildlife photography workshops with pro photographers.
The refuge has an unusual back story of its own. In the 1970s, logger Vince Shute began leaving food in an open meadow to lure the bears away from raiding food supplies at work sites. The normally reclusive bears have gotten used to the arrangement. Today, regulated feeding continues from May to October to preserve opportunities for observation and learning. | <urn:uuid:1a793c91-2ff2-4b7f-b6bd-3ccfeaa078fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.travelgumbo.com/blog/minnesota-sanctuary-offers-breakfast-with-bears | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.967244 | 170 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Generators are used to perform a multitude of tasks and Blades Power offers a variety of models to suit. They provide a high quality power source that is reliable and convenient.
First it is necessary to decide which appliances are to be included and which of them will be operated simultaneously. Add the wattage rating (shown on the manufacturer’s information plate) of each appliance to be used. This will give a minimum wattage requirement. Please be aware of reactive load appliances. As generators are not designed to run on maximum load for prolonged periods, it is recommended that you increase your calculated wattage requirement by at least 25% to allow for this.
"A generator should never be operated at its maximum power output for more than 30 minutes."
The power that a generator can produce for long periods i.e. “rated power” is a more reliable measure of generator power and typically this is 90% of the MAXIMUM power e.g. A 1000 watt generator produces a MAXIMUM power of 1000 watts allowing the generator to light 10 x 100 watt lamps at the same time. The rated wattage of this generator would be 900 watts and therefore should only be used to power 9 x 100 watt lamps. When considering your power needs, first determine the highest power application i.e. Central heating pump or power tools as the power required to start the capacitor motor on these applications will determine the rated power of the generator you should choose.
All electrical motors have an information plate attached detailing the volts, amps, phase and cycles/horsepower.
We are recognised as one of the market leaders in power generation solutions with several blue chip customers and are well known throughout the industry for quality service, reliability and value for money.
We are able to offer many services from our in-house workshop such as engine refurbishment, control panel modifications, alternator repairs and complete generator overhauls.
Fully equipped welding shop enabling all projects to be completely managed by us which means we can keep costs to a minimum, a benefit which we can pass on to our customers. | <urn:uuid:e91e4804-a58e-468b-9c7a-29454d2ab02b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bladespowergeneration.co.uk/whichgenerator | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.945679 | 421 | 1.953125 | 2 |
At last week’s Agile Manager’s Support Group, our very own Laura Powers, goddess of biz dev here at Agile Learning Labs, wowed us all with an exercise in personal goal-setting adapted from the basic framework of scrum. Laura knows a thing or two about meeting goals, having recently completed her first marathon.
She started the evening off with some pretty sobering statistics from Mark H. McCormack’s What They Don’t Teach You At Harvard Business School: In a survey of Harvard Business School grads, 84% had no goals at all; 13% had goals; and only 3% had written goals. Five years later, the grads with unwritten goals had earned twice as much as their goal-less peers, but those with written goals earned 10x more.
Now, one could argue correlation rather than cause, but I know myself that grand, amorphous goals never come to anything, but that plans that include incremental steps do. And this is where scrum comes in. Laura led us through creating a rough backlog of goals, using the Goddard List by way of example. Mine started with “Sail solo from San Francisco to Hawaii” and “Sell 1M copies of my mystery novel, Shooting Stars.”
Then Laura did something even more interesting: she asked us to think about stating our goals as user stories, ie: “As a sailor I want to sail from San Francisco to Hawaii so that I can experience being utterly alone and self-reliant in the middle of thousands of miles of water.”
She described how we might task out our stories, arrange them into sprints, and even use friends and family to form a support team for sprint demos and retrospectives.
Chris and I plan to sit down together and use Laura’s method for planning our financial goals (I’m keen to buy a house one of these days), and personal goals (I’ve got my sailing thing, and he has a Mustang in the garage that hasn’t seen pavement in 10 years). We’ll let you know how it goes!
I can see uses for this method in business. What a great way for an HR department to help support employees’ career development paths, complete with reporting and accountability, for example! If you’d like Laura to do her thing at your user group, drop us a line at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:ba5e2e1f-9ffc-4e48-8348-b33f53153db4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://agilelearninglabs.com/2012/01/agile-goal-setting-with-scrum/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.970025 | 513 | 1.65625 | 2 |
« ПретходнаНастави »
But Oh! my brethren, be not so foolish. Blunt the fiery edge off your censures on yourselves, where it is so safe and advantageous to be thorough and home. Just the opposite to this, judging others incurs sharp judgment; but judging thyself, is the way not to be judged. 1 Cor. xi. 31. For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged. This is the happy and gainful severity. Learn, then, to look upon others and all their ways, with the highest charity, which thinketh no evil, is witty and inventive of good constructions upon any thing that may clear them, as malice is of miscensures of the best things. Take all candidly and mildly by the easiest side, the right handle. And for thyself, search thy heart; sift, try thy best actions, find out thy own earthliness, thy pride and vanity, thy selfishness and hypocrisy even in good. A selfsearching Christian is made up of humility and meekness. If thou wouldst find much peace and favour with God and man, be very low in thine own eyes. Forgive thyself little, and others much.
Ver. 6. Give not that which is holy unto the dogs.] The former rule abates the sharp eye of rash judging; this quickens and clears the eye of right discerning : that was for the moderate censuring of evil; this is for the prudent imparting of good. Be ready to communicate spiritual good to all, yet, so as, if men do evidence themselves to be as dogs and swine, to have that high esteem of holy things, as not to prostitute them to their contempt and rage, and wrong both those excellent things and yourselves ; lest they trample them, as puddled swine, not knowing their worth, and turn again and rend
you, as enraged dogs.
Holy things--pearls. So are they esteemed by all that know them; the sweet precepts and promises of the word, the excellent high calling of a Christian; and their price is inestimable. The pearl of great price is, Jesus Christ, revealed in the Gospel. Oh, learn and seek after high esteeming thoughts of him and of Divine things. Learn to be rich in those, and to covet them indeed. And though imparting them to others, it impairs them not to yourselves, and therefore, you are to be ready and free that way; yet, because of some manifest despisers of them, learn this wisdom in that matter, Give not holy things to dogs.
There is an imprudent zeal, and sometimes a mixture of an irreverent commonness, in speaking of holy things indifferently in all companies. Certainly, such company willingly ought to be chosen, as give most liberal and kind entertainment to such discourse. But when not of choice, but by some unavoidable engagement, we fall among others, then our rule ought to be, not to partake of their ungodly ways and communication ; but for the communicating in another way, holy things to them, this must be well advised on, whether it be suitable to this rule. We are not indeed to give persons easily up for desperate, as dogs or swine; this were to fall into the former fault of rash judging; but where they are evidently such, the respect of holy things is to be preserved, and not unwisely to be exposed to their derision.
Much need is there of a spirit of wisdom in this, without which there is no instructing by rules, so as to guide us aright in all particular occurrences and societies; therefore we are to beg that anointing that teacheth us all things. 1 John, ii. 27. Speak willingly to God, but still with holy fear in thyself, and it may be entertained with holy fear to others.
Ver. 7. Ask, and it shall be given you : seek, and ye shall find : knock, and it shall be opened unto you.] This is for advantage to all. For wisdom to follow the foregoing and following rules, the great purveyor of a Christian, is prayer, and the great qualifications of prayer, are perseverance and fervency. Ask-seek—-knock ; be earnest and importunate ; give not over. And the great support, the very life of prayer, that which quickens and continues it, and keeps it from giving over, is faith, a firm persuasion of audience and attainment. This is here ascertained by our Saviour; proved by irrefragable argument. All good is promised to be given, and that which is the top of all, the chief to be sought, the Holy Spirit,
is promised to them that ask it, as St. Luke hath it. We say our prayers, and there is an end. And this perfunctorious formality creeps even upon Christians who are unwary and slothful, and hence so little is obtained. Many that pray, know little of this Divine art of prayer, this wrestling with God, this resolving not to let Him go until He bless them, as Jacob did.
Ver. 12. Therefore, all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.] This is added, and seems connected, but it is another rule apart, and that great rule which all know and few observe-in equity, in charity, meekness, and all due respect. Self, self undoes all, and sets the world on fire. Though it be a separate precept, yet it may have some aspect to the former respecting prayer, as, if you would have God condescending, and favourable, and bountiful to you, be so to men; and so you shall be, if you change places and suppose yourself in their room, and they in yours.
This is the Law and the prophets : that is, all is of this nature. Duty to others, as pressed in the Law and the Prophets, is reducible to this.
. Ver. 13. Enter ye in at the strait gate.] This is undeniably a main point; yet, alas ! we seem not to think so.
How disinclined are we to the way of eternal happiness! The difficulty is so represented as to add an edge to our earnestness, not to abate and weaken our endeavours. This way is strait indeed, but there is still room enough within. John xiv. 2. In my Father's house are many mansions. The ease and delight there, shall abundantly compensate all the trouble in the way. We must resolve then, if we would not perish, that we must take this way, how strait and rugged soever, and strip and put off all that entangles and encumbers,--that swelling pride, those superfluous desires and lusts; yea, to put off and leave behind even self itself. Once in at that gate, we shall find all perfectly compensated. And remember, they are few that enter; few there are that so much as seek it, but far fewer that find it, even of those that make some kind of seeking after it. Many shall seek to enter, (so it is in the other Evangelist,) and shall not be able; therefore, strive ye. What bustle is there made by sea and land for scraps of this earth, and Heaven alone is so cheap in our eyes, as if it were worth no diligence, scarce even a serious thought! Surely, either Heaven is but a fancy, or the world is mad.
Ver. 15.-- Beware of false prophets.] Not to go wrong in our way, we must take heed not to mistake our guides, (especially as so many in all ages give themselves out for such,) that they mislead us not, wrapping error in truth's mantle : yet, there is ever something to a discerning eye, that will readily discover them. As for the grand
As for the grand deceiver, the Devil, the vulgar fable, that in all apparitions whatsoever there is still the shape of a cloven foot, holds true, for there is something in their carriage that, narrowly eyed, will tell what they are. Ye shall know them by their fruits.
Ver. 21.-Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of Heaven.] But every man is his own worst deceiver ; therefore he ought most to beware of himself. Whether teacher or learner, he is his own false prophet, speaking peace where there is no peace. Therefore, beware of yourselves. Delude not yourselves with a vain trust in an empty profession. Not every one that says Lord, Lord that makes much noise and sound of the name of Christ, yea, that bears his name to others, that preaches him. Oh! how many shall find themselves to have misreckoned in that day, when they are not owned by Him, but commanded away by that sad word Depart! Look to it, therefore, to the truth of denying yourselves, and your own will, and yielding yourselves up to God:--but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in Heaven, says our Saviour. Oh! take heed of founding your house in the sand. Though ever so stately and fair built, and shewing fine, yet that foundation will be its ruin. There is no safe building but on the rock, that Rock of salvation who here taught this doctrine. Then come storms as they will, there can be no fear. He that buildeth on Him
shall not be ashamed. 1 Peter ii. 6. No matter what houses or lands ye have here, whether any or none, -He himself had none here,-provided you build on Him as the foundation of eternal blessedness. Oh, that men would think of this, and amidst all their ensuring of things still unsure, would mind the making of this sure, which may be made so sure for ever, as not to be moved !
Ver. 28. And it came to pass, when Jesus had ended these sayings, the people were astonished at his doctrine.] A Divine way of teaching! Even some not converted, are yet struck and astonished with it, but by this eminently, He taught them as one having authority. This not only by a powerful secret influence, on hearts which He touched by his Divine power, but even in the way of His own teaching. And for some measure of this, His ministers ought to seek, and to seek it from Him, if they would find it. There is a force in things spoken from the heart with holy and spiritual affection : even common things thus spoken, are far above the greatest strains and notions, that are only an harangue or speech framed by strength of gifts and study. Oh ! much prayer would put life and authority into what we speak. To be much on the mount with God, would make our faces shine when coming with His message to men.
He dwelt among us, says St. John, and we saw his glory, as the glory of the only begotten Son of God, full of grace and truth. This all his history testifies of him, both his marvellous doctrine foregoing, and his miraculous works that here follow.
Ver. 1. When he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed him.] A thing he noways regarded, yet would not hinder; yea, he continued teaching and working | <urn:uuid:05366024-86b6-4cf5-ada2-bf75113ef1cb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.rs/books?id=MSE5AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA57&dq=editions:ISBN0371078563&hl=sr&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.971255 | 2,392 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Does your business need a license to play music? Do you really need a music license just to play cover songs?
Music licensing is not something to gamble with. Spotify recently settled a class action lawsuit for more than $43 million after failing to pay publishers and songwriters when they streamed their music. While Spotify’s business will survive, what happens when a business cannot absorb the costs associated with copyright infringement?
A local St. Louis blues bar, called Beale on Broadway, was recently sued by Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI). BMI, ASCAP, and SESAC are performing rights organizations that represent artists and publishers. These organizations represent singers and songwriters and require restaurants and other venues to pay for the music that they play. This arrangement allows businesses to play copyrighted music without fear of a lawsuit for music copyright infringement.
Unfortunately, Beale on Broadway did not obtain a license from BMI. They have been sued for allowing a cover band to play copyrighted music in their venue.
Copyright law is very unforgiving. The statutes often dictate that if a copyright has been infringed, a defendant has to pay staggering damages that could upend them financially. (Before Spotify’s settlement, the damages were upwards of $200 million.)
In case you’re wondering how BMI found out about cover songs playing in a small St. Louis bar, note that performing rights organizations employ “undercover” representatives to visit venues in search of music copyright infringement.
Does your business or band need help with music licensing? Contact one of our copyright attorneys today.
Toll Free 888.IPC.OO2O (472.OO2O) | <urn:uuid:f8af0efa-45bb-4f2d-b7ff-256dd7ce36cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theipcenter.com/2017/06/pay-before-you-play-why-music-licensing-matters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.957453 | 359 | 1.601563 | 2 |
"Do you want to dive into the biggest plane wreck of the world?"
In June 2016, Airbus A300 was sunk in Kusadasi for diving world and this is the biggest plane wreck in the world.
The Neopolis A300 is the largest airplane wreck in the world, with a 55-meter-long and 45-meter wingspan. The inside and outside of the plane has been freed from all foreign substances that may harm the sea. The Neopolis A300 is one of the most important shipwrecks of the world.
All the equipment inside has been cleaned. We can get inside the plane.
Underwater fauna and flora is a significant enrichment in and around the plane. These example: akyas and black bream swarms are seen and sea rabbits add color to this beauty. The plane, which is home to lobster and many other animals, is now 20 meters deep. 2 Star or higher level divers can participate in the dive.
There are 3 doors each right and left side of the plane wreck. Our dives are accompanied by experienced and competent instructors.
Following the briefing given on our boat, our dive starting from the boat platform and continue diving in controlled way. (holding onto the rope). It is possible to see the cockpit and swim through inside the plane wreck. We will be pleased to offer you a dive with professional camera and video shots under the water as Kusadasi Diving Center. | <urn:uuid:a3d1e7a2-c31c-4827-8630-e100d1798c6d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://kusadasidivingcenter.com/en/kusadasi-plane-wreck-dive.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.954721 | 293 | 2.1875 | 2 |
What vision do you have if you wear contacts?
Contacts give you a full field of focused vision
Although contact lenses are available in the same prescription strength as glasses, they give wearers a full field of focused vision wherever they look. Because they move with your eyes, contacts help you track action with sharp, direct, and peripheral vision.
Can you get better than 20/20 vision with contacts?
Contact lenses, like eyeglasses, can improve visual acuity beyond 20/20, with some contact lens wearers reporting acuities of 20/10 when wearing their contacts. … Contact lenses also offer clear peripheral vision while glasses provide optimal correction only when you’re looking straight through the center of the lens.
Do contacts give you perfect vision?
Hard contacts are more durable than soft ones. They’re easier to take care of but can be less comfortable. They often give better vision for conditions like astigmatism (when your eye is more oval than round) and can be a good choice if you have allergies. … They correct up-close and faraway vision at the same time.
Are contact lenses better than glasses?
Contacts conform to the curvature of your eye, providing a wider field of view and causing less vision distortions and obstructions than eyeglasses. … Contact lenses won’t clash with what you’re wearing. Contacts typically aren’t affected by weather conditions and won’t fog up in cold weather like glasses.
Is it bad to wear contacts everyday?
You should be able to wear your contact lenses every day unless you have a temporary problem that prevents you from comfortably or safely wearing your lenses. For example, you should not wear contacts if you are: Experiencing eye redness or irritation.
When should you not wear contacts?
Do not wear lenses if your eyes are red, irritated, teary, painful, light sensitive, or if you have sudden blurred vision or discharge. If these symptoms don’t clear up in a few days, see your optometrist. Do not handle lenses with dirty hands. Do not use saliva to wet or clean your lenses.
Can a human have 20 5 vision?
It seems that the best eyesight ever reported in a human was in an Aborigine man with 20/5 vision! To give you an idea of how clear and far he could see, his vision measurement compares to the natural sight of eagles. From 20 feet, he could perceive the fine details that most people can only see from 5 feet away!
Can contacts give you 20 10 vision?
To achieve a 20/10 vision, already having solid eyesight is helpful. Brain training exercises, some types of contact lenses, and LASIK surgery can improve visual acuity, enhance perception, and peripheral vision.
What is the 2020 rule?
Try your best to remember to follow the 20-20-20 rule. Set a timer to remind you to look away every 20 minutes at an object that is about 20 feet away for a full 20 seconds. Buy some artificial tears at your local drugstore to use when your eyes feel dry.
Can you ever get 20/20 vision?
Summary: What You Should Know About 20/20 Eyesight
20/20 vision may not always be perfect, but it’s close. There’s no one way on how to get 20/20 vision, but by taking steps to stay in control of your eye health, you can prep your eyes for success. We suggest: Using your corrective eyewear as recommended.
Why do I see better with my glasses than contacts?
For starters, although they have the same strength and focusing power, contacts are much closer to the eye than glasses. This means they bend light in a way that more accurately meets your prescription, and so if you switch from glasses to contacts they can appear to slightly increase your visual acuity.
How can I get 20/20 vision naturally?
There are many things you can do in addition to eye exercise to keep your eyes healthy.
- Get a comprehensive dilated eye exam every few years. …
- Know your family history. …
- Know your risk. …
- Wear sunglasses. …
- Eat healthy. …
- If you need glasses or contact lenses, wear them. …
- Quit smoking or never start. | <urn:uuid:50607698-da8a-4574-ad57-5adb1d22526d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deals4opticals.com/treatment/quick-answer-what-vision-do-contacts-give.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.93202 | 902 | 2.296875 | 2 |
The churches of Sofia
Church of Saint Georgi – Sofia
“Saint Georgi” is an Orthodox church in Sofia. Built at the beginning of the IV century. The church is the oldest building in the city.
“Saint Sedmochislenitsi” is a Orthodox church located in the city center.
Saint Petka Samardzhiyska
The temple was built in the IX century on the tomb of Roman times. The oldest preserved frescoes in the church are from IVX century.
The church “Sveta Nedelya” is the cathedral of the Sofia diocese.
Russian church in Sofia
The church of St. Nikolai in Sofia was consecrated in 1900. | <urn:uuid:75fcb296-6200-4297-b8a9-8a213926c9fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://piecesofbulgaria.com/the-churches-of-sofia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.956274 | 183 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Event date & time:
01.11.2021 at 09:00
CBD Oils is derived from hemp, a plant used in the United States for thousands of years. CBD Oils, as they are often called, is extracted from the hemp plant's leaves, stems, seeds or even buds. The extracts, once extracted, are then sold under different brand names such as Pain Relief, CBD, and other variations on these names.
CBD Oils have long been used to treat pain, nausea and other ailments and diseases. The therapeutic effects of CBD are believed to be largely due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which relieve pain and provide pain relief by interacting with the endocannabinoid system, which is responsible for the sensation of pain. Many scientists and medical experts believe that CBD Oils for pain has the ability to effectively reverse the effects of chronic pain, reduce the pain symptoms and decrease the frequency and intensity of chronic pain episodes. Search goldbee.com
There are many reasons why some people suffer from pain. They may be suffering from arthritis, spinal cord injuries or cancer, just to name a few. For people who suffer from chronic pain, it is common for their pain to last longer and cause significant disruptions in their daily lives. But CBD Oil for pain can reduce the amount of pain experienced by many people suffering from various types of pain.
In medical research and studies, researchers have shown that the anti-inflammatory properties of CBD oils for pain may provide a new treatment for individuals with a wide range of chronic pain conditions including pain caused by arthritis, fibromyalgia, and post-surgical pain. Studies have also shown that CBD Oil for pain can reduce the pain experienced by those who have undergone certain types of cancer treatments.
There are several strains of hemp grown throughout the world, which contain different levels of CBD. CBD Oil for pain is extracted from these different strains of hemp plants and then processed into an extract that can be used to treat a variety of medical conditions. The most popular strain of CBD hemp used for CBD Oils for pain is called CBD-only, as it contains very little THC (the active ingredient found in marijuana, which provides a high when consumed).
Hemp has been used as medicine in many countries for thousands of years. Medical scientists and researchers are just now beginning to understand the potential health benefits of using CBD-only hemp products for medicine. Many doctors prescribe CBD Oils for pain because of the potential for pain relief, relaxation, anti-anxiety and anti-spasm benefits, while reducing the side effects associated with other pain medications. Source: www.goldbee.com | <urn:uuid:6648e39e-8bd3-4616-a8ac-7cc5024b7802> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mytown.ie/midleton/events/event_details/CBD-Oils-for-Chronic-Pain-103865 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.962598 | 549 | 2.328125 | 2 |
A severe eating disorder, binge eating disorder is a condition in which you regularly eat abnormally large quantities of food and have no control over the urge and event.
Everyone can attest to the fact that it is normal to overeat at times such as on holiday parties and special occasions. However, certain individuals overeat excessively and have no power to control it, and as this becomes a frequent occurrence, these people are considered as suffering from binge eating disorder (BED).
When you have binge eating disorder, you may feel embarrassed because of the excessive eating and swear to stop. However, you feel a lot of pressure so that you are unable to counter the urges and go on binge eating. Treatment will help if you suffer from binge-eating disorder.
Forms of Eating Disorders
The leading eating disorders are binge eating disorder, anorexia, and bulimia.
Anorexia: Individuals suffering from anorexia starve themselves because they dread getting fat. They do not perceive themselves are thin despite being emaciated or underweight. Apart from restricting calories, individuals with this condition may regulate their weight through purging, taking diet pills, or exercise.
Bulimia: This is a condition in which there is a destructive sequence of bingeing and purging. After an episode of binge eating, individuals with this disorder take severe measures to eliminate the excess calories. For them to prevent weight gain, they induce vomiting, use laxatives, exercise, or fast.
Binge eating disorder: Individuals with this disorder compulsively overeat, eat rapidly, and consume many calories within a short span of time. Despite feeling ashamed and guilty because of these usually secret binges, they feel unable to control their behavior and end up eating even when overstuffed.
Causes of Binge Eating
What causes binge eating is still not clear, although just like the majority of eating disorders, it is a means of coping with feelings of low self-esteem and unhappiness.
The following are factors that may increase one's chances of developing the complicated problem of binge eating:
- Lack of confidence and low self-esteem
- Anxiety or depression
- Anger, stress, loneliness, or boredom
- Being dissatisfied with one's body and feeling the urge to be thin
- Traumatic or stressful events in the past
- A family record of eating disorders
- Differences in hormone levels generated by your brain compared with individuals who do not binge-eat
One can resort to binge eating after a strict diet, especially one in which you forewent meals, cut down on some kinds of food, or didn’t consume sufficient food. These are harmful methods of losing weight that expose you to a higher risk of binge eating afterward.
Risks of Binge Eating
Binge eating can lead to severe psychological complications like anxiety and depression disorders. These feelings can worsen over time as the individual continues to binge-eat.
Weight gain is the leading physical effect of binge eating, which can result to obesity. This exposes you to several related physical health disorders, some of which are fatal.
They include the following:
- Osteoarthritis: This is a disorder that leads to swelling of and pain in the joints
- High blood pressure and high cholesterol: These conditions makes you prone to cardiovascular diseases like stroke and coronary heart disorder.
- Diabetes: This is a chronic disease that leads to high levels of blood sugar.
- Certain forms of cancer: This includes bowel cancer and breast cancer.
If you suspect that you have binge eating disorder, seeking help is important. The reason for this is that you may require support to assist you in tackling your physical and psychological problems.
How to Assist Someone Suffering from BED
It can be difficult to show love to someone with binge eating disorder. As much as you should support them, you also should avoid being extremely involved since this can be counterproductive. The following tips will assist you in finding ways to be involved without getting overwhelmed:
- Get prepared: Being prepared and finding out as much as you can about eating disorders is the best thing you can do when helping someone suffering from binge eating disorder. The individual may be having high levels of shame, anxiety, embarrassment, denial, and guilt, or may not accept that they have an eating disorder.
It is crucial to consider this and prepare yourself to deal with the individual if they react with denial or anger. Denial or angry feelings do not imply that the person does not have an eating disorder.
- Persuade them to seek professional assistance: Treat BED becomes more challenging the longer it goes on without being treated, so encourage the person you care about to visit a health professional immediately.
- Be a listener who is supportive: You show them that you care if you listen to them without judging. If they slip and go on to binge-eat while in the process of recovering, tell them that this doesn’t imply that they cannot become better.
- Do not criticize; rather, be supportive: Speak only positively always. Individuals suffering from BED already feel bad about themselves. You would be working against the recovery efforts if you were to use negative comments.
- Keep off lectures, insults, or guilt trips: You will worsen the situation and increase the stress of the person you care for if you become frustrated, lecture, or and give ultimatums to them. Instead, show that you care about their happiness and health and that you will stand by them during the entire recovery process.
- Lead by example: You will be helping the person you care for if you practice healthy eating habits, exercise, and manage stress without using food. Just like all individuals suffering from eating disorders, people with BED require healthy examples. You will be helping their recovery best if you are healthy both in body and mind.
- Don’t act as the food police: As much as you may see it as motivated by good intentions, monitoring what they eat does not help them recover. Telling them what to eat or the quantity to eat, watching them as they eat, and limiting or hiding food will only worsen the situation and increase their feelings of guilt and shame.
- Focus on yourself: Decide when to look for advice for yourself from a health professional or counselor. It can be stressful helping someone suffering from BED, so it is important to have your own support system.
- Avoid centering on weight loss: As much as you may be tempted to ask them how much weight they have lost and how much they want to lose, understand that the aim of the treatment is not weight loss and that these questions may deter them from the process of recovery.
- Avoid working harder towards recovery than the binge eater: The person with the eating disorder should be the one working hard and leading in the recovery process. This does not imply that you should not help, but ensure that you are not the one doing all the grocery shopping, keeping the treatment appointments, or reminding them to attend appointments. Inasmuch as you have good intentions, the binge eater should be the one making the effort to move forward.
- Look for a caring environment: You should choose an environment that supports calm and open conversations. For instance, it will be helpful to approach the binge eater in an environment where they feel most safe, comfortable, and at home. Do not bring up the topic if you are near food or in circumstances in which one of you is emotional, tired, or angry. | <urn:uuid:e5638902-49b6-440d-96d9-3f7667ae6b2b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.findatopdoc.com/Mental-Health/How-to-Help-Someone-Who-Has-Binge-Eating-Disorder | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.966269 | 1,523 | 3.328125 | 3 |
A Nottinghamshire company wants to use drones to keep people safe on a night out in the city.
Drone Defence, a company based in Ordsall, Retford, says it is preparing a bid to the Home Office for drones to be deployed across the UK.
Drone Defence said the drones would cost £35,000 and could even be trialled at the University of Nottingham.
The University of Nottingham has confirmed talks have begun on the possible use of the drones, however, they are still at extremely early stages - and they may not be used in conjunction with the university at all.
The drones would be deployed to incidents via a mobile phone app and arrive within minutes, according to the company.
Company founder Richard Gill said the use of drones could ultimately take over up to 80 percent of the functions currently performed by police helicopters.
Richard Gill, CEO and Founder of Drone Defence, said: "AeroGuard addresses a variety of situations and problems including the security of vulnerable people at night.
"I think it is important to highlight that AeroGuard is not about surveillance. The emergency drone can only be deployed, once summoned by the click of a mobile phone app. Only then, will the AeroGuard drone fly to the location of a genuine emergency scenario.
"An AeroGuard drone could be on the scene considerably faster than the police and at a much cheaper cost. In these emergency situations, AeroGuard could save lives, as well as providing video footage for the purpose of investigations and prosecutions."
The AeroGuard drones would use AI technology and be fitted thermal cameras and a spotlight.
The company said in a statement: "We have launched an automated emergency drone response initiative called AeroGuard, which will be officially submitted to Government for funding.
"AeroGuard has been proposed, in an attempt to provide an automated drone response to a variety of emergency scenarios such as a first responder to a fire, security firm backup or to dissuade 'would be' attackers and provide reassurance to members of the public on our streets.
"According to statistics, one in five women don't ever walk alone at night; an astonishing figure.
"The plan involves placing an automated drone across local towns and cities in the UK, which could then be called to an incident by a mobile phone app. We have the technology which would safely deploy a drone with a thermal camera over a situation or vulnerable person within minutes of being called.
"This drone would then floodlight and record the scene, stream the footage to a control room and even act as a deterrent to an opportunist attacker.
"The current average response time of a 999 police call is 15 minutes. AeroGuard aims to have a drone at the scene of the incident in under 4 minutes. These additional 11 minutes waiting for the police could prove critical, at a time when minutes matter.
"The cost difference is also considerable, having been benchmarked against police helicopters - an AeroGuard drone would cost around £100 per hour, where in comparison, an NPAS helicopter would cost £3,200 per hour.
"As part of the project, we propose to start trials in Nottingham, alongside our academic partnership with the University of Nottingham, which will see us deploy an AeroGuard prototype in the city."
To read all the biggest and best stories first sign up to read our newsletters here . | <urn:uuid:383b4465-9688-4f3e-b9cd-b35513a8ab0e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/local-news/retford-company-wants-use-drones-6451429 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.960569 | 684 | 1.9375 | 2 |
- Research article
- Open Access
Social justice in health system; a neglected component of academic nursing education: a qualitative study
BMC Nursing volume 20, Article number: 16 (2021)
In recent decades, increasing social and health inequalities all over the world has highlighted the importance of social justice as a core nursing value. Therefore, proper education of nursing students is necessary for preparing them to comply with social justice in health systems. This study is aimed to identify the main factors for teaching the concept of social justice in the nursing curriculum.
This is a qualitative study, in which the conventional content analysis approach was employed to analyze a sample of 13 participants selected using purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect and analyze the data.
Analysis of the interviews indicated that insufficient education content, incompetency of educators, and inappropriate education approaches made social justice a neglected component in the academic nursing education. These factors were the main sub-categories of the study and showed the negligence of social justice in academic nursing education.
Research findings revealed the weaknesses in teaching the concept of social justice in the nursing education. Accordingly, it is necessary to modify the content of nursing curriculum and education approaches in order to convey this core value. Since nursing educators act as role models for students, especially in practical and ethical areas, more attention should be paid to competency of nursing educators, specially training in the area of ethical ideology and social justice.
Professional values include action standards that are accepted by group members and provide a framework for evaluating beliefs and notions affecting behavior . Acquisition of professional nursing values is a prerequisite for resolving conflicts; it improves service quality and increases job satisfaction of nurses . The core values accepted and presented by American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (1998) include human dignity, integrity, autonomy, altruism, and social justice , out of which social justice has attracted more attention in recent years. Disproportionate burden of diseases and deaths in parts of the society associated with environmental and socioeconomic factors has been recognized for decades; however, the number of documents on these issues has increased dramatically over the past 15 years . The WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health attributes these differences to social inequalities in the distribution of power, income, shelter, education, and healthcare as well as climate change, vulnerability, and other life conditions. It also prioritizes social justice as a mechanism for correcting and eliminating inequalities . Social justice in the health system refers to providing equal healthcare services for all individuals, regardless of their personal characteristics . The AACN defines social justice as fair treatment, regardless of one’s economic status, race, ethnicity, age, citizenship, disability, or sexual orientation .
Although social justice has been identified as a professional value in documents issued by reputable nursing associations such as International Council of Nurses (ICN), Canadian Nurses Association (CNA), American Nurses Association (ANA), and AACN , the discussion of social justice in nursing profession has always been accompanied by serious doubts and concerns . In addition, nurses’ responses to social injustice have not always been admirable, and nursing profession’s poor performance originates from various factors such as unawareness .
Development of a professional value such as social justice is a continuous and long-term process that begins with professional nursing education and continues throughout years of nursing practice. Education plays a key role in acquiring professional values . Students, educators, faculties, clinical and educational experiences, and individual values are among the most important components of learning and development of professional values . It is very important to train highly skilled and qualified nurses to provide necessary care for heterogeneous populations in today’s ever-changing demographic prospect. Nursing students must understand their responsibility for poplulation health issues and social factors affecting health (eg, world hunger, environmental pollution, lack of access to health care, violation of human rights, and inequitable distribution of health care resources, including nursing services) and in this regard acquire the necessary knowledge and skills .
To institutionalize the concept of social justice in nursing students, especially in developed countries, measures have been taken in the area of education, which include modifications made to nursing curriculum and education approaches . For instance, simulation is a one of new methods utilized for teaching this concept . Since the mid-2000s, there has been an increase in tendency towards online learning , co-curricular experiences , and digital storytelling in order to promote students’ understanding of social justice issues. Nevertheless, some studies have addressed the weaknesses of nursing curriculum in teaching social justice [19, 20] and have attributed nurses’ inability in pursuing social justice to their poor scientific and practical competencies . Although several quantitative and qualitative studies have been conducted in recent decades to institutionalize the concept of social justice among nursing graduates [22,23,24,25], academic nursing education has unfortunately failed to train competent nurses who seek information and training on social justice. Considering the importance of this subject, a qualitative approach was adopted to provide an in-depth understanding of social justice based on the realistic results derived from the participants’ real experiences. Therefore, in this study, the experiences of nursing educators and students in identifying the main factors for teaching the concept of social justice in nursing education program were analyzed.
Study design and setting
This qualitative study was conducted using a conventional content analysis method. The participants were recruited from three nursing faculties (Urmia, Tabriz, and Tehran) and two teaching hospitals of Tehran (Motahari Hospital) and Urmia (Talegani Hospital) in Iran. These cities were selected due to their large size and forerun in educational, clinical, and social nursing activities.
In view of the objective of the study - identify the main factors for teaching the concept of social justice in the nursing curriculum - we initially selected nursing educators by purposive sampling method. Nursing educators who had more than 5 years of service experience and among the prominent educators with activity in nursing institutions that involved in developing social justice were selected. The data from the study then led us to students and clinical nurses. Among the students, the final year undergraduate students, exemplary and active in social fields, and among the nurses, those with more than 2 years of service experience, accepted by the system professionally and actively in the field of social justice, such as voluntary activities in public health promotion, were selected for the interview.
The participants included 6 men and 9 women with the mean age of 39.07 ± 12.92 years old and mean work experience of 20.00 ± 7.22 years. Out of all the participants, 5 individuals had PhD, whereas 2 had Master’s degrees; the rest had Bachelor’s degrees in nursing. In total, 7 individuals were nursing educators, 2 individuals were clinical nurses, and 4 individuals were nursing students (Table 1).
The data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews conducted at the times and in the places selected by the participants (mainly at nursing faculties). Each interview lasted for 30–90 min; they were audio recorded upon the participants’ permission and transcribed verbatim. All the 13 interviews were conducted by the research team (FH, MJ, and HH) between February and November 2019. The participants were asked questions about their experiences of (learning/teaching) social justice issues. Considering the abstract nature of the research subject, the researchers raised more objective questions. For instance, the educators were asked to “describe their experiences of modification to the curriculum to cover social justice issues”, whereas the students were asked to “describe their experiences of social justice-based practices during internships”. In addition, to better identify factors affecting social justice education in nursing, the educators and students were asked questions such as “Considering your experiences, what factors have affected your engagement in social justice in education?” and “How do you describe education approaches adopted by educators for teaching social justice?”, respectively. (See Additional file 1 for details). The researchers continued the interviews until the data were completely saturated, i.e. when no new idea, concept, or category was derived from the final interviews.
To better relate to the environments of the study and the participants and analyze the data realistically, the researchers also used field notes. Field notes are a brief summary of the observations made while collecting data. This is not limited to a particular type of activity or behavior and assesses the non-verbal behaviors of the participants and their interactions with others. It also depicts a picture of a social position. In this study, field notes also made a detailed presentation of the situation in the right place immediately after the interview and provided the opportunity to confirm the psychological and emotional reactions of the participants. For example, attending the emergency ward of one of the teaching hospitals in Urmia city and observing nursing education in the clinical environment led to a field note focusing the training on the clinical procedures that confirm the insufficient educational content and lack of attention to social justice in nursing education.
After the data were collected, they were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach. For this purpose, Grundheim and Lundman’s (2004) method was adopted . In this method, an entire interview is regarded as an analysis unit involving notes that must be analyzed and coded. The researchers listened to the interviews for several times and transcribed the recorded interviews verbatim. The paragraphs, sentences, and words were considered meaning units. A meaning unit is a set of words and sentences that are related to each other in content and are categorized based on their content and context. The texts were reviewed several times to highlight words containing key concepts or meaning units and extract the initial codes. The codes were then reviewed several times in a continuous process from code extraction to labeling. Similar codes were merged, categorized, and labeled and the subcategories were determined. The extracted subcategories were finally compared and merged (if possible) to form the main categories.
Assessing data accuracy and stability
Guba and Lincoln’s (1986) criteria were used to ensure the accuracy and stability of the research data. The credibility of the data was assessed using member-checking and prolonged engagement techniques. For member-checking technique, the participants reviewed the content of the interview and the resulting codes to ensure the accurate meaning and for really reflecting their experiences. The data were also assessed by an external researcher (peer debriefing). To ensure the dependability, data collection methods, interview, taking notes, coding, and data analysis were expressed in detail in order to make judging by the external auditor (external auditing). In order to achieve confirmability, the audit trail method was used, so that all stages of the research, especially the stages of data analysis and the results, were provided to checking of two expert colleagues in the field of qualitative research. The transferability of the findings was also established by providing a rich description of the research report and the content of the interviews was represented by the selected quotations from the participants .
The participants were selected after the approval of Ethics Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences and the necessary permissions (Code: IR.UMSU.REC.1397.223) were granted. Prior to the interviews, the participants were informed about their anonymity, confidentiality of their information, the research method and objectives, and their right to leave the study at will. The participants also signed informed consent forms.
Classification of the interviews showed that three sub-categories of “insufficient educational content”, “limited competency of nursing educators”, and “inappropriate education approaches” led to the emergence of the main category called “social justice; a neglected component of academic education” (Table 2).
Social justice; a neglected component of academic education
Proper education plays a major role in training justice-seeking nurses. Social justice and its importance in healthcare are constituents of the nursing syllabus. Paying more attention to this issue in practical and objective areas of education by educators can influence students’ thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors to pursue justice in health systems. However, Iran’s education system has unfortunately failed to promote justice because of insufficient educational content, limited competency of nursing educators, and inappropriate education approaches.
Insufficient educational content
Development of a comprehensive nursing curriculum, especially on ethical issues such as social justice, could substantially contribute to the preparation of socially and morally conscious nurses who are able to make significant changes in the public health at local, national, and international levels. In this study, the participants highlighted some weaknesses in the content of the existing nursing curriculum such as lack of attention to social justice, discontinuity in presenting courses on ethical values, and allocating most of the nursing courses to medical issues and clinical care.
Lack of attention to social justice in nursing curriculum
Social justice is a core nursing value which plays a significant role in promoting justice by nursing students and nurses. However, according to the participants, it has unfortunately been neglected in the existing nursing curriculum. In this regard, one participant stated,
“In the fourth semester, we studied a course on nursing ethics. I think there was no discussion on social justice because I don’t remember anything about this topic” (Participant No. 7/Nursing Student).
Regarding the importance of teaching social determinants of health, another participant stated,
“I was not aware of the importance of social issues in health until I participated in a workshop called ‘Social Justice in Health’. It really changed my beliefs and broadened my perspective” (Participant No. 10/Clinical Nurse).
Discontinuity in presenting courses on ethical values
Values are major components of the nursing profession. The institutionalization and development of professional values such as social justice contribute significantly to the future of this profession. The few number of courses presented on ethical values and discontinuity in the presented courses (for instance, no course on ethical values is provided for post-graduate students) were major items mentioned by the participants. In this regard, one of the participants stated,
“When students are repeatedly reminded of the importance of a value, they will realize its importance and the value will be institutionalized in them. We partially studied professional values and social justice issues in the fourth semester of our undergraduate courses; however, no similar course was provided for us afterwards during the Master’s program” (Participant No. 5/ Faculty Member).
Or another participant stated:
“We cannot deny that the ethical issues have been institutionalized in our professional graduates to some extent. But, these issues are not worked on in a principled and scientific manner and that there is no constant focus on them. After all, the effect of the hidden curriculum has been more prominent.”(Participant No.1/Faculty Member).
Allocating most of nursing courses to medical issues and clinical care
Diseases and clinical care are among the most fundamental parts of theoretical and practical training provided for nursing students; however, due to the multi-dimensional nature of the nursing profession, special attention should be paid to other dimensions as well. According to the research results, the existing nursing curriculum focuses mainly on transferring knowledge and skills associated with physical and routine care. One participant expressed,
“Most of our courses were related to various diseases and nursing care, and educators rarely talked about ethical and legal issues during their lectures” (Participant No. 6/ Nursing Student).
Another participant stated the reasons for the focus of nursing education on the physical and caring dimensions:
“Well, when we see that our graduates have problems in providing quality clinical care, we also have to do more in the field of clinical care.”(Participant No.3/ Faculty Member).
Limited competency of nursing educators
Educators play an undeniable role in training competent nurses through institutionalizing beliefs and behaviors. Using proper teaching and behavioral approaches, educators can improve students’ critical thinking skills and prepare them to promote justice in health systems. According to the participants, insufficient competency of nursing educators in teaching social justice issues and inappropriate value perspectives of educators in developing social justice were the main properties of this category.
Insufficient capabilities of educators in teaching social justice issues
Educators must be equipped with sufficient scientific, practical, and ethical capacities in order to effectively institutionalize the concept of social justice in students. According to the participants, nursing educators’ insufficient knowledge and experience about social justice issues make it difficult for them to transfer such knowledge to their students. One participant said,
“When I was a student, I once informed my educator about the unjust patient admission procedure in the surgical department. Yet, my educator recommended me to do what the head nurses would say. I did not see the necessary authority in my educator to establish justice”
(Participant No. 11/ Clinical Nurse).
Low presence of nursing educators in clinical and community settings is also one of the factors that, according to the participants, has contributed to this problem.
“Unfortunately, our professors are so involved in education and research, especially to promote themselves, that they do not have the opportunity to address social issues.” (Participant No.9/ Faculty Member).
Inappropriate value perspectives of educators in developing social justice
The participants highlighted the important role of nursing educators’ ethical perspectives in promoting the quality of education and training qualified nurses who would provide services tailored to the needs of the society. They also argued that ethical values could help educators establish and expand social justice in health systems. According to the results, most of the educators had undesirable value perspectives on establishing social justice in the area of health. In this respect, participant no. 5 stated,
“When a nurse has no right to make any decisions in a healthcare system, what can I say to the student about social justice?” (Participant No. 5/ Faculty Member).
Or another participant stated:
“My main responsibility is to transfer knowledge in the field of nursing and I think ethics should be taught by educators in medical ethics.” (Participant No.2/ Faculty Member).
Inappropriate education approaches
Education approaches are considered an essential part of the educational structure and play a key role in transferring ethical values such as social justice to students. Given the abstract nature of social justice, choosing the best education approach could help educators resolve complicated problems during teaching in order to institutionalize professional values and beliefs. According to the findings, educators adopt poor education approaches to transfer ethical values such as social justice and self-awareness to students. In this regard, focusing on traditional education approaches and using insufficient affective learning approaches were cited by the participants.
Focusing on traditional education approaches
Undoubtedly, lecturing is one of the most widely used education approaches; however, this traditional method is very ineffective in teaching abstract concepts such as social justice. According to the participants, educators mostly use lecturing approach to teach social justice issues and students are rarely involved in the teaching process. One participant argued that educators mainly use teacher-centered approaches in ethical discussions, stating,
“We (the students) had no active role in the professional ethics class. The educator spoke on relevant topics based on the availed syllabus and provided some examples of clinical ethical issues. However, I think that educators must discuss social justice issues with students to help them visualize and understand cases of injustice and discuss appropriate reactions in such situations” (Participant No. 13/ Nursing Student).
Another participant stated this:
“The predominant teaching method in professional ethics classes has been lecturing. Every now and then, there was some discussions in between, but it was very rare. Other nursing educators were also using the lecture method when talking about ethics” (Participant No. 7/ Nursing Student).
Using insufficient affective learning approaches
The use of affective learning strategies such as reflective activities and simulations leading to emotional responses plays an important role in creating self-reflection and transferring professional knowledge and skills to nursing students. However, based on the participants’ experience, affective learning approaches are not used effectively and systematically in teaching ethical issues such as social justice. In this regard, one participant stated,
“Since there are too many topics on professional ethics, we (educators) can only convey basic issues to students and it is difficult for us to adopt other learning strategies such as the affective approach” (Participant No. 4/ Faculty Member).
The same participant further stated:
“Now, in the professional ethics class, I do my best to teach the content with a combination of methods. For example, we have formed a group for medical students in the cyberspace (WhatsApp) and asked students to express the issues and questions of clinical ethics. They should raise it there because there is no time in the classroom for these issues. However, we have not performed the same for nursing students yet” (Participant No. 4/ Faculty Member).
According to the research findings, social justice in a health system is a neglected component of academic nursing education due to factors including insufficient educational content, limited competency of nursing educators, and inappropriate education approaches. These factors were introduced as the main research subcategories in this study.
Some weaknesses were observed in the content of nursing curriculum, which is an main factor in promoting professional nursing values such as social justice in nursing students. Lack of attention to the issue of social justice in nursing curriculum has also been mentioned in other studies [13, 20]. Based on the participants’ experience, most of the nursing courses are allocated to medical issues and clinical care. According to Thurman, clinical specialties have received the main focus of nursing curriculum, whereas little attention has been paid to social justice issues . This problem can be attributed to the poor performance of nurses in clinical care. The participants also believed that there was discontinuity in presenting courses on ethical values because the professional ethics course was presented only to undergraduate students. This issue disrupts the proper institutionalization of ethical values such as social justice in nursing students. Frenk et al. believe that the preparation of healthcare professionals to address current healthcare inequalities and challenges has been slowed down by obsolete, fragmented, and static curriculum . In addition, Rozendo et al. highlighted inconsistencies in terms of presenting social justice-related issues in nursing curricula and argued that there was little material on social justice in post-graduate nursing programs .
Nursing educators’ competencies also affect teaching social justice issues. In today’s rapidly-changing world facing numerous crises, experienced educators play a significant role in training qualified nurses equipped with various skills enabling them to create social development. Accordingly, Read et al. highlighted the critical role of nursing educators in institutionalizing fundamental principles of social justice and health equity in students . According to Ellis, educators should shift nursing students’ learning and thinking attitudes from individualism to community-centered frameworks and from tertiary (reactionary) to primary (preventive) care approaches . However, unfortunately, the research findings indicated that nursing educators are not sufficiently qualified to teach and institutionalize social justice in students. In this regard, educators’ insufficient knowledge and experience in teaching social justice issues were highlighted by the participants. Borhani et al. found that ethical knowledge of nursing educators determined their students’ professional ethics competencies . Akbas et al also argued that nursing educators’ knowledge and skills were the first and most important factors affecting their success in teaching issues of professional ethics . As mentioned by the participants, inappropriate value perspectives of educators in developing social justice was another weakness of nursing educators. The significant impact of educators’ perspectives on teaching ethical values such as social justice has also been emphasized by Parandeh et al. .
Education approaches adopted to present and convey ethical values to students are of high importance. In this regard, Einhellig discussed the ineffectiveness of traditional approaches such as lecturing in institutionalizing social justice in nursing graduates and outlined the benefits of affective learning approaches . According to the findings, lecturing is the dominant approach used to teach social justice in Iran’s nursing faculties, which is an inefficient teaching approach, as suggested by the research literature. This is probably due to the large number of students and limited time allocated to each academic course. While cognitive learning approaches rely on principles and concepts, affective learning approaches support the integration of knowledge with emotions, attitudes, and personal beliefs . Neumann found that affective education approaches could enhance students’ understanding and use of ethical values . Einhellig highlighted that nursing faculties need to use various strategies with a focus on behavior changes in order to successfully institutionalize the concept of social justice in nursing graduates .
The findings of the present study were limited to factors affecting education of social justice in the nursing curriculum in the health system in the culture of Iran. Other limitations of this study was the consideration of the three nursing faculties and two teaching hospitals in Iran. As such, it may not be a representative of the experiences of all the nursing profession members in Iran. Limitations of our study proposed the need for conducting further studies with larger and mixed groups and in different cultures.
The research findings provided researchers with an insight into the weaknesses of nursing curricula, educators, and education approaches in social justice development in Iran. It seems that more attention must be paid to professional values and social determinant of health in nursing curricula in order to train justice-seeking nurses with a sense of responsibility. Educators play a prominent role in training competent individuals who are aware of and sensitive to social issues and inequalities. It is necessary to change the education approaches adopted by nursing educators in order to institutionalize the concept of social justice in students. After changing the content of nursing curriculum and applying different education approaches, future studies can focus on the impact of such changes on social development and social justice promotion.
Availability of data and materials
The interview dataset generated and analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to promises of participant anonymity and confidentiality. However, on reasonable request the data could be available from the corresponding author. All applications should be sent to firstname.lastname@example.org. All requests will be answered within a maximum of 1 month by email.
World Health Organization
American Association of Colleges of Nursing
International Council of Nurses
American Nurses Association
Canadian Nurses Association
Kaya H, et al. Personal and professional values held by baccalaureate nursing students. Nurs Ethics. 2017;24(6):716–31.
Tehranineshat, B., C. Torabizadeh, and M. Bijani, A study of the relationship between professional values and ethical climate and nurses' professional quality of life. Int J Nurs Sciences. 2020;7(3):313-19.
American Association of Colleges of Nursing, The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. Washington, DC: American Association of Colleges of Nursing; 1998.
Perry DJ, et al. Exercising nursing essential and effective freedom in behalf of social justice: a humanizing model. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 2017;40(3):242–60.
Plamondon KM, et al. The integration of evidence from the commission on social determinants of health in the field of health equity: a scoping review. Crit Pub Health. 2020;30(4):415–28.
Institute of Medicine, The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health. Committee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press; 2011.
Davis RK, et al. Social justice as an expression of caring through holistic admissions in a nursing program: a proposed conceptual model. Nurs Forum. 2020;55(4):723–9.
Matwick AL, Woodgate RL. Social justice: a concept analysis. Public Health Nurs. 2017;34(2):176–84.
Browne AJ, Reimer-Kirkham S. Problematizing social justice discourses in nursing. In: Philosophies and practices of emancipatory nursing: Social justice as praxis; 2014. p. 21–38.
Walter RR. Emancipatory nursing praxis: a theory of social justice in nursing. Adv Nurs Sci. 2017;40(3):225–43.
Parvan K, Hosseini F, Zamanzadeh V. Professional Values from Nursing Students' Perspective in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences: a pilot study. Iran J Nurs (2008-5923). 2012;25(76):69–82.
Parandeh A, et al. Factors influencing development of professional values among nursing students and instructors: a systematic review. Global J Health Sci. 2015;7(2):284.
Waite R, Brooks S. Cultivating social justice learning & leadership skills: a timely endeavor for undergraduate student nurses. Nurse Educ Today. 2014;34(6):890–3.
Rozendo CA, Santos Salas A, Cameron B. A critical review of social and health inequalities in the nursing curriculum. Nurse Educ Today. 2017;50:62–71.
Menzel N, Willson LH, Doolen J. Effectiveness of a poverty simulation in second life®: changing nursing student attitudes toward poor people. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh. 2014;11(1):39–45.
Breen H, Jones M. Experiential learning: using virtual simulation in an online RN-to-BSN program. J Contin Educ Nurs. 2015;46(1):27–33.
Davis JN, Sullivan K, Guzman A. Catalyst for growth: the implications of co-curricular experiences for nursing education. J Nurs Educ. 2018;57(2):110–4.
LeBlanc RG. Digital story telling in social justice nursing education. Public Health Nurs. 2017;34(4):395–400.
Einhellig K, Hummel F, Gryskiewicz C. The power of affective learning strategies on social justice development in nursing education. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2015;5(1):121.
Canales MK, Drevdahl DJ. Social justice: from educational mandate to transformative core value, in Philosophies and practices of emancipatory nursing: Social Justice as Praxis. New York, NY: Routledge; 2014. p. 155–74.
Thurman W, Pfitzinger-Lippe M. Returning to the profession's roots: social justice in nursing education for the 21st century response. Adv Nurs Sci. 2017;40(4):318.
Torres-Harding SR, Meyers SA. Teaching for social justice and social action. J Prev Interv Community. 2013;41(4):213–9.
Groh CJ, Stallwood LG, Daniels JJ. Service-learning in nursing education: its impact on leadership and social justice. Nurs Educ Perspect. 2011;32(6):400–5.
Einhellig K, Gryskiewicz C, Hummel F. Social justice in nursing education: leap into action. J Nurs Care. 2016;5(374):2167–1168.1000374.
Hellman AN, et al. Understanding poverty: teaching social justice in undergraduate nursing education. J Forensic Nurs. 2018;14(1):11–7.
Speziale HS, Streubert HJ, Carpenter DR. Qualitative research in nursing: advancing the humanistic imperative. 5 th edition. 2011: Wolters Kluer: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.
Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today. 2004;24(2):105–12.
Lincoln YS, Guba EG. But is it rigorous? Trustworthiness and authenticity in naturalistic evaluation. New Dir Prog Eval. 1986;1986(30):73–84.
Frenk J, et al. Health professionals for a new century: transforming education to strengthen health systems in an interdependent world. Lancet. 2010;376(9756):1923–58.
Read CY, Betancourt DMP, Morrison C. Social change: a framework for inclusive leadership development in nursing education. J Nurs Educ. 2016;55(3):164–7.
Ellis S. The existing intersection of social justice and nursing; 2013.
Borhani F, et al. Professional Ethical Competence in nursing: the role of nursing instructors. J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2010;3(3):1-8.
Akbas M, Kadioglu S, Tuncer I. Ethics in nursing education from the viewpoints of Turkish nursing educators. Int J Educ Sci. 2017;19(2–3):104–12.
Holt KM. Affective domain learning in high-fidelity simulation: students’ perspectives; 2017.
Neumann JA, Forsyth D. Teaching in the affective domain for institutional values. J Contin Educ Nurs. 2008;39(6):248–52.
This study is a part of a PhD dissertation approved and funded by Vice Chancellor for Research, Urmia University of Medical Sciences. The researchers would like to thank the authorities of School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, as well as the participants for their kind cooperation.
This study was funded by Department of Research, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, which had no role in the design of the study, data collection, analysis, interpretation of data, or writing the manuscript.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The participants were selected after the approval of Ethics Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences and necessary permissions (Code: IR.UMSU.REC.1397.223) were granted. Prior to the interviews, the participants were informed about their anonymity, confidentiality of their information, the research method and objectives, and their right to leave the study at will. The participants also signed informed consent forms.
Consent for publication
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
About this article
Cite this article
Habibzadeh, H., Jasemi, M. & Hosseinzadegan, F. Social justice in health system; a neglected component of academic nursing education: a qualitative study. BMC Nurs 20, 16 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00534-1
- Social justice
- Health equity
- Qualitative study | <urn:uuid:79785672-d37d-443c-acc7-b3333612d9ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12912-021-00534-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.946339 | 7,384 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Does wearing prescription glasses damage eyes?
Myth 4: Wearing the wrong prescription can damage your eyes. “Who hasn’t tried on someone else’s glasses and felt dizzy and disoriented? The wrong prescription may feel weird and it can even give you a headache if you wear them very long, but it won’t damage your eyes.
Do glasses damage your eyes?
Short answer: no. As we age, our eyesight can get worse. Although lenses can compensate for these changes, many people worry that wearing glasses will make their eyes become dependent on visual correction. In other words, they think if you wear specs, your sight will deteriorate even more.
Is 0.75 eye prescription bad?
For both types, the closer you are to zero the better your vision is. For example, even though measurements of -0.75 and -1.25 both qualify as mild nearsightedness, the person with a spherical error of -0.75 is technically closer to 20/20 vision without their glasses on.
Is minus 3 eyesight bad?
If the number has a minus (-) sign next to it, it means you’re nearsighted. A plus (+) sign or no sign means you’re farsighted. A higher number, regardless of whether there is a plus or minus sign, means you’ll need a stronger prescription.
Why can I suddenly see better without my glasses?
If you think that you are reading better lately without your glasses on, see your optometrist or ophthalmologist. If your near vision is suddenly better than ever, chances are that your distance vision may be worse. Sometimes, when second sight occurs, what is really going on is that you are becoming a bit nearsighted.
Why are my eyes worse after glasses?
Bottom line: Glasses do not, and cannot, weaken eyesight. There is no permanent vision change caused by wearing glasses…..they are simply focusing light to perfectly relax the eyes in order to provide the sharpest vision possible.
Why are my eyes blurry when I take off my glasses?
What your specs have done is got you used to seeing more clearly. So when you take them off, the contrasting blurriness is more noticeable. Glasses don’t change the process of presbyopia or other eye conditions. But take them off, and your eyes might seem a tad lazy at mustering any remaining focusing power.
Will my eyes get better if I stop wearing glasses?
If you want your vision to improve without wearing glasses, you will have to treat your eye issues’ root cause. Your glasses will only correct your sight based on your existing prescription. When you remove them, your vision tends to revert to normal.
How can I improve my eyesight in 7 days?
Top Eight Ways to Improve Vision over 50
- Eat for your eyes. Eating carrots is good for your vision. …
- Exercise for your eyes. …
- Full body exercise for vision. …
- Rest for your eyes. …
- Get enough sleep. …
- Create eye-friendly surroundings. …
- Avoid smoking. …
- Have regular eye exams.
Can cheap glasses damage your eyes?
If you don’t already need to wear regular eyeglasses, they may even be fine for longer. But cheap readers only magnify the print to help you read it. They are not specific to your individual eye’s needs. They probably won’t harm your eyesight, but you may experience headaches and eye strain if you use them too much. | <urn:uuid:1c7283b1-8a43-4a6b-91c1-553e1a6668be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deals4opticals.com/treatment/you-asked-can-prescription-glasses-damage-your-eyes.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.933539 | 747 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.