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Who is Homeless?
Anyone who, due to a lack of housing, lives:
- In an emergency or transitional shelters
- In motels, hotels, campgrounds, abandoned in hospitals, or awaiting foster care
- In cars, parks, public places, bus or train stations, or abandoned buildings
- Doubled up with relatives or friends
- Migratory children living in these conditions
Homeless children have rights.
- Homeless children have a right to attend school.
- You do not need a permanent address to enroll your child in school.
- Homeless children have the right to stay in their home school if the parents choose.
- Your child cannot be denied school enrollment just because school records or other enrollment documentation are not immediately available.
- Your child has the opportunity to receive transportation services to and from the school of origin.
- Your child has the right to participate in extracurricular activities and all federal, state, or local programs for which he/she is eligible.
- Children with special education needs between the ages of 3 and 21 are eligible to receive special needs services. If you believe your child may be eligible, contact your school counselor's office.
Tips and Resources
What your family can do before you move:
- Tell your child's teacher and principal that your child is moving, and give them your new address.
- Let school officials know if you want your child to stay in his/her home school while you are getting the family stabilized.
- Ask for a copy of your child's school records, including immunizations.
- Provide your child with an opportunity to say goodbye to friends.
Tips and resources:
- Keep a copy of birth certificates and school records accessible.
- Safeguard all health and immunization records.
- Have a reliable person keep a second copy of birth certificates, school records, and health information.
- Enroll children in school as soon as possible.
- Inform your new school about any special education records that pertain to your child. | <urn:uuid:2f0259bb-b6d1-4f49-80bd-94341566aeb5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pijh.pi-isd.net/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=2273569&type=d&pREC_ID=2206360 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947582 | 426 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Velografie für Drais
Peter Weibel, 2017
The bicycle, one of the most important inventions of the past 200 years, enables individual and accelerated mobility using one’s own physical strength. With his Readymade Roue de bicyclette Marcel Duchamp rightly erected a monument to bicycles in 1913. That visual homage is now to be followed by a musical one, an ode to the bicycle. For this purpose, the storeys of the Karlsruhe Palace are transformed into staves on which patches of colour are cast to form notes. The note heads become wheels that eventually join up to form bicycles. The bicycle, as an instrument of movement, thus turns into a musical instrument. With their ringing bells and purring gears, the cyclists create a metropolitan symphony. | <urn:uuid:9b6862e7-b1da-45ad-a90a-ea52d0f3d2ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.schlosslichtspiele.info/en/shows/velografie-fuer-drais/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.904967 | 164 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Stretching is just as important as regular exercise. It does so much more than lengthen your muscles and improve your health in a physical way.
Your mental health can benefit greatly also. One of the components of stretching is breathing. Simply taking deep breaths in a state of stretch relieves your mind of the constant racing thoughts that feed anxiety.
To discover the full benefits of stretching, try the 4x4 Method - stretch for 4 minutes at 4 points during the day.
Use these as some sample stretches to begin. Try it for a week! Do you feel different? | <urn:uuid:c4dcc039-5c62-49eb-8000-9642fd1fc9b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mattcookfitness.com.au/post/intro-to-stretching-daily | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.955494 | 118 | 1.875 | 2 |
The Scrub Club® website features worksheets, games, videos and activities for kids, as well as educational materials for teachers and resources for parents. The purpose of the Scrub Club® is to raise awareness about the benefits of handwashing and ultimately improve the health of children in school, day care or at home.
The Scrub Club Heroes
The Scrub Club® is a group of heroes representing the five steps of handwashing. Their goal is to make all kids Scrub Club® heroes! By learning about the heroes and the five steps of handwashing, and understanding the germy villains’ purpose, each child can become a Scrub Club® hero! | <urn:uuid:faa137c4-cad3-488a-a838-03bdc189b1f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nsf.org/consumer-resources/articles/nsf-scrub-club | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932223 | 140 | 1.851563 | 2 |
The poem text reads as follows:
A Jewel or a Crown
“As a jewel of gold in a swine’s snout, so is a fair woman
which is without discretion.”
“A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband:
but she that maketh ashamed is as rottenness in his bones.”
Young lady i say on your wedding day
which would you rather be found
it’s up to you, what will you do?
You’ll be either a jewel or a crown
Will your sweet valentine be an old nasty swine
as you adorn the tip of his snout?
to live in his wallow, will be a hard pill to swallow
But once married there’s no way out!
Why not instead, be the crown on his head
of the man God Chose for you?
Your marriage will be blessed, instead of a mess
When you finally say “I DO!”
But I know of course, the pressure and force
Those old hogs can place on your mind
So I won’t be surprised when some compromise
and on a pig’s snout they I find!
Young Lady I say on your wedding day
Which would you rather be found?
It’s Up to you what will you do?
You’ll be either a jewel or a crown.
David W. Handley
(Selected by the INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF POETS for publication 2002) | <urn:uuid:caf8dd50-72a3-4897-b943-22b5f003dbfa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stufffundieslike.com/tag/marriage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.909498 | 341 | 2.203125 | 2 |
In February 2000 the paleontologist Rodolfo Coria and the Canadian Phil Currie found in the place Las Cortaderas, at 15 kilometers from Plaza Huincul, a group of carnivorous dinosaur fossils, all from the same species and comparable in size and type to the Giganoto although with some peculiarities. The key of the discovery is precisely the word "group".
Until now, large carnivores appeared to be "lone wolves," sullen beings in search of angel preys without a serious chance to socialize with others of their species. In Las Cortaderas instead it was found a group of 7 animals, which rejects the idea of "lone wolf". It was possible to established that they are copies of various eras and four stages of maturation are recognized. Are we facing the lions from the Cretaceous? The open questions now focus on why these animals are together. Did they live in herds? Are they gathered to die?
Still it is not known anything about it and what is certain for now is just material study. We will have to wait a couple of seasons. The answers are the goal of future researches.
Having met a group of large carnivores, the finding in Las Cortaderas is unique in the region and the second of its kind in the world with one made in Canada.
Las Cortaderas is considered by experts as one of the largest deposits in the country. This is partly due to the ease to distinguish the geological strata and, of course, the amount and importance of the dinosaurs found. | <urn:uuid:10e58b91-69f5-4e87-b867-3a8360a032c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.patagonia.com.ar/Plaza+Huincul/653E_Las+Cortaderas.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.963215 | 320 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Clean Energy Policy News
13 January 2018
Abu Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD), the leading national entity for development aid, and the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) today announced that USD25 million in concessional loans from ADFD have been earmarked for two solar PV projects, one each in Mauritius and Rwanda. Learn more.
16 December 2017
ALER with the support from the Africa-EU Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme recently presented the second edition of the Renewables in Mozambique National Status Report—the most comprehensive report on the status of renewable energy in Mozambique. Learn more.
15 December 2017
The final report for Mexico International Renewable Energy Conference (MEXIREC) is now available, in English and in Spanish. Learn more.
13 December 2017
Renewable energy mini-grids have great potential to contribute to the Indian government’s 24x7 Power for All agenda by rapidly expanding reliable electrification in thousands of suitable villages, according to a new REEEP publication, Scale and Sustainability: Toward a Public-Private Paradigm in Powering India. Learn more.
5 December 2017
A new report, Renewable Energy Outlook: Thailand, finds that decreasing imports of fossil fuels and increasing the share of renewables in the energy mix to 37 per cent would improve energy security and reduce the cost of Thailand's energy system by USD 1.2 billion annually by 2036. Learn more.
5 December 2017
The World Bank and the Technical University of Denmark recently launched a new Global Wind Atlas, a free web-based tool to help policymakers and investors identify promising areas for wind power generation, virtually anywhere in the world. Learn more.
16 November 2017
ADFD, IRENA Open New Round of Funding for Renewable Energy Projects in Developing Countries, Invite Applications »
The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in collaboration with the Abu Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD) is now welcoming applications for a fourth round of funding to support renewable energy projects in developing countries. The funding round of approximately USD 50 million is part of a USD 350 million (AED 1.285 billion) commitment by ADFD to provide concessional loans to projects endorsed by IRENA over seven funding cycles. Learn more.
8 November 2017
The governments of Sweden, Italy, Canada, as well as the International Energy Agency, are seeking to promote greater participation for women in the clean energy field, an initiative that is receiving a wide backing from other governments and industry. Learn more.
19 October 2017
Universal Energy Access by 2030 is Now Within Reach Thanks to Growing Political Will and Falling Costs »
New from the International Energy Agency finds that the most cost-effective strategy for providing universal access to electricity and clean-cooking facilities in developing countries is compatible with meeting global climate goals, and prevents millions of premature deaths each year. Learn more.
16 October 2017
The International Energy Agency kicked-off the IEA for EU4Energy Energy Efficiency Training Week in Tbilisi today bringing 150 participants from 11 countries across Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. The five-day programme consists of five parallel courses on energy efficiency across demand sectors: buildings; industry; lighting, appliances and equipment; transport; and energy efficiency statistics. Learn more. | <urn:uuid:97615ca7-18fd-44ae-9820-3241d13e1d5a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cleanenergysolutions.org/fr/news?page=5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.920449 | 673 | 1.757813 | 2 |
GEOWEB® Geocell Solutions for Rail, Intermodal & Ports
Solve soil stability challenges in rail applications using the GEOWEB geocell system. Watch how the GEOWEB soil stabilisation system keeps railroads on track.
Railway engineers worldwide have relied on the GEOWEB technology to create high-stiffness roadbed foundations under track, and at bridge approaches, diamonds, and turn-outs. The GEOWEB system is extremely effective in stabilising track subgrades, and has even more beneficial value in soft soil areas.
The ATRA® Wall Keys are the most effective way to connect the GEOWEB Retaining Wall sections, ensuring the long-term success of your project.
To prevent erosion, slides, and washouts from heavy rain, railroad owners rely on the GEOWEB® Soil Stabilisation System.
GEOWEB® geocells have been used to improve and reinforce the structural performance of railway track beds worldwide for more than 40 years.
Presto Geosystems Webinar Announcement – April 26, 2022: Rail Ballast Stabilisation with the GEOWEB® 3D Geocells.
Presto Geosystems' video shows how to solve soil stability challenges in rail applications using the GEOWEB geocell system.
GEOWEB® ballast stabilisation system creates high-stiffness foundation under track for Werrington Dive Under project.
Presto Geosystems GEOWEB® Geocells for Permanent Way Applications. Creating a stable and stiffer layer under track.
Presto Geosystems offer an on demand webinar for rail ballast stabilisation solutions using the GEOWEB® 3D Geocells System.
Presto Geosystems' Port & Intermodal Yard Stabilisation with the GEOWEB® 3D Geocells webinar will take place on Tuesday, August 10, 2021.
Rail Ballast Stabilization: Presto Geosystems' GEOWEB-stabilized ballast reduces ballast movement, aggregate rotation, and rail settlement.
Presto Geosystems’ GEOWEB® 3D geocells technology has supported the rail industry for 40 years, for both new construction and repairs.
Presto GeoSystems Quick Repair of Track Subgrade & Railroad Right-of-Way. Ballast Emergency Repair. Slope Emergency Repair.
Since its installation in 2018, the GEOWEB system has exceeded project expectations and required no maintenance or repairs.
The GEOWEB® Load Support System provides base-layer & surface stabilisation for Dakar's Port Container Yard.
FREE Webinar: Port & Intermodal Yard Stabilization. Learn how the GEOWEB system extends pavement life and reduces maintenance.
Presto Geosystems GEOWEB® 3D Soil Confinement System stabilises soft subgrade and reduces cross-section for heavy loads at port facility.
With ballooning rail traffic carrying heavier loads than ever, GEOWEB® Geocells effectively take the pressure off critical ballast systems.
Use the form opposite to get in touch with Presto Geosystems directly to discuss any requirements you might have. | <urn:uuid:f4e6a8a0-42c9-419b-9925-ceb0b661280f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://railway-news.com/videos/geoweb-geocell-solutions-for-rail/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.763048 | 667 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Location: Inside your skull
Physical description: Pale grey, the size of a small cauliflower and the texture of pate
Function: To control your body and house your mind
Body and mind
Information, in the form of nerve impulses, travels to and from your brain along your spinal cord. This allows your brain to monitor and regulate unconscious body processes, such as digestion and breathing and to coordinate most voluntary movements of your body. It is also the site of your consciousness, allowing you to think, learn and create.
Your brain is made of many parts, each of which has a specific function. It can be divided into four areas: the cerebrum, the diencephalon, the brain stem and the cerebellum.
The cerebrum is the largest part of your brain. It sits on top of the rest of your brain, rather like a mushroom cap covering its stalk. It has a heavily folded grey surface, the pattern of which is different from one person to the next. Some of the grooves in its surface mark out different functional regions.
The front section of your cerebrum, the frontal lobe, is involved in speech, thought, emotion, and skilled movements. Behind this is the parietal lobe which perceives and interprets sensations like touch, temperature and pain. Behind this, at the centre back of your cerebrum, is a region called the occipital lobe which detects and interprets visual images. Either side of the cerebrum are the temporal lobes which are involved in hearing and storing memory.
The cerebrum is split down the middle into two halves called hemispheres that communicate with each other.
Your cerebellum is the second largest part of your brain. It sits underneath the back of your cerebrum and is shown in brown in the diagram above. It is involved in coordinating your muscles to allow precise movements and control of balance and posture.
Your diencephalon sits beneath the middle of your cerebrum and on top of your brain stem. It contains two important structures called the thalamus and the hypothalamus. Your thalamus acts as a relay station for incoming sensory nerve impulses, sending them on to appropriate regions of your brain for processing. It is responsible for letting your brain know what's happening outside of your body.
Your hypothalamus plays a vital role in keeping conditions inside your body constant. It does this by regulating your body temperature, thirst and hunger, amongst other things. And by controlling the release of hormones from the nearby pituitary gland.
Your brain stem is responsible for regulating many life support mechanisms, such as your heart rate, blood pressure, digestion and breathing. It also regulates when you sleep and wake.
Your brain is arguably your most important organ, but it is made of soft delicate tissue that would be injured by even the slightest pressure. As a result, it is well protected:
- Three tough membranes called meninges surround your brain
- The space between your brain and the meninges is filled with a clear fluid, which cushions your brain, provides it with energy and protects it against infection
- Your skull encases your brain in a bony shell, cerebrospinal fluid and meninges
Back to top | <urn:uuid:a0fc13a6-7fd8-47df-9552-53b9e457c73a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/brain/brain.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.933548 | 691 | 3.671875 | 4 |
There’s a vast and growing list of prominent gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender media and entertainment figures — just don’t count movie stars among them.
Celebrities such as Ellen DeGeneres, Caitlyn Jenner and Neil Patrick Harris have kicked open the closet door with little to no damage to their careers. In some cases, they’ve found themselves more in demand after revealing their sexual preferences or gender identification.
Yet there’s one glass ceiling that remains stubbornly resistant to cracks.
No A-list film actor has yet to come out publicly while at the pinnacle of his or her career. Sure, Jodie Foster gave an elliptical Golden Globes speech about being a lesbian, and out actors Ian McKellen and Zachary Quinto helped anchor the “X-Men” and “Lord of the Rings” series, and the rebooted “Star Trek” films, respectively. Yet despite their prodigious talents, none of them has the power to secure a greenlight on their name alone.
In some cases, business concerns, not personal comfort, lead to silence.
“There’s this narrative that people are attached to: You cannot come out because it’s going to hurt your career,” says Ellen Page, the “Juno” star who came out in 2014. “And that’s potentially true. When I made the decision to come out, I wasn’t naive to that.”
Public opinion may be shifting, with a majority of Americans now favoring gay marriage, but the U.S. is not the only market for film. Hollywood has become increasingly dependent on foreign countries such as China and Russia, which boast sprawling populations of moviegoers, as well as draconian anti-gay laws.
“In most territories, actors still sell films. It’s their face onscreen,” says Jeff Bock, a box office analyst with Exhibitor Relations. “Their films probably wouldn’t play in China.”
There are safety issues to be aware of as well.
“There’s a lot of homophobia in the world,” says Kelly Bush, founder and CEO of ID Public Relations. “In too many parts of the globe, you can be prosecuted or jailed for being gay, you can be murdered without repercussions or put to death by the state. If you’re famous and you’re gay and you travel a lot, you have to be aware that there’s a lot of hate out there, and that makes you more vulnerable.”
While more and more Americans endorse LGBT rights, many have trouble suspending disbelief when it comes to seeing gay actors portraying certain roles. In a survey commissioned by Variety, six in 10 adults say they would be less likely to see an action film with a gay leading man or woman, while four in 10 say they’d be more likely to skip an action film with a lead gay character.
The scale of these productions may make gay action stars wary of making any kind of announcement that could depress ticket sales.
As society changes, that caution will fade, predicts “Star Trek” actor George Takei, who came out in 2005. But Takei acknowledges that right now, the economic risk is big. “You’re spending sometimes hundreds of millions,” he says. “Studios want every dollar to count.”
At least being identified as gay is no longer seen as slanderous. More than a decade ago, Tom Cruise sued men who accused him of having male lovers. Today, stars like James Franco make sport out of keeping fans guessing about their sexual orientation. Others, such as “The Hunger Games’ ” Josh Hutcherson, have said they’re straight, while refusing to rule out the possibility that could change. Neither career has suffered in the process. If anything, younger moviegoers view them as cooler because of their refusal to accept traditional labels.
“Millennials are more accepting,” suggests Howard Bragman, a publicist who has helped actors like Meredith Baxter and football player Michael Sam come out.
Dustin Lance Black, the Oscar-winning screenwriter of “Milk,” believes a gay A-lister will emerge organically: “A young gay or lesbian actor will come up through the ranks and end up being so good, and someone America finds so winning, they end up in a position to get films greenlit.”
Yet the industry remains resistant to change. Mainstream movies don’t just suffer from a lack of gay talent; they largely steer clear of dramatizing gay life, preferring to leave that to indies such as “The Kids Are All Right” and “Love Is Strange.” Less than 18% of the more than 100 films released by the major studios last year featured gay, lesbian or bisexual characters, and no films had transgender characters, according to a GLAAD study.
That’s in contrast to television and digital programming, where shows like “Modern Family,” “Transparent,” “Sense8,” “Shameless” and “Empire” feature strong lesbian, gay and/or transgender characters. Gay or transgender figures are much rarer in films, and when they do appear in the likes of “The Imitation Game” or “Dallas Buyers’ Club,” they are played by straight actors.
All it takes, industry figures say, is one transformative figure. There was a hesitancy to back tentpole productions with African-American leads before Will Smith became a global star with “Independence Day.” The same could prove true for gay actors.
“It will change,” predicts Rob Epstein, director of “The Times of Harvey Milk” and “Lovelace.” “It has in just about every other sphere. This is the last frontier.” | <urn:uuid:2b61c343-3c03-49e7-ad4c-22aa41183a6a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://variety.com/2015/film/news/gay-lgbt-movie-stars-staying-locked-in-the-closet-1201529581/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.955974 | 1,264 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems
Download Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems By B. P. Lathi – Lathi’s trademark user-friendly and highly readable text presents a complete and modern treatment of communication systems. It begins by introducing students to the basics of communication systems without using probabilistic theory. Only after a solid knowledge base–an understanding of how communication systems work–has been built are concepts requiring probability theory covered. This third edition has been thoroughly updated and revised to include expanded coverage of digital communications. New topics discussed include spread-spectrum systems, cellular communication systems, global positioning systems (GPS), and an entire chapter on emerging digital technologies (such as SONET, ISDN, BISDN, ATM, and video compression).
Ideal for the first communication systems course for electrical engineers, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems offers students a superb pedagogical style; it consistently does an excellent job of explaining difficult concepts clearly, using prose as well as mathematics. The author makes every effort to give intuitive insights–rather than just proofs–as well as heuristic explanations of theoretical results wherever possible. Featuring lucid explanations, well-chosen examples clarifying abstract mathematical results, and excellent illustrations, this unique text is highly informative and easily accessible to students.
“Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems By B. P. Lathi – PDF Free Download”
|Title Of The Book||Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems|
|Author’s Name||B. P. Lathi|
|Publishers||B. P. Lathi|
|File Size||49.5 MB|
Table Of Content:
“A textbook that focuses on giving students an intuitive understanding of communication systems as well as the theoretical knowledge. The book is well written so that I can cover additional material in class and allow the book’s explanation of certain topics to stand on its own.” –Lisa Osackiw, Syracuse University
“Elegantly written. Theories on Fourier transform and signal space are well presented. One of the best books for electrical engineering students and engineers.”–Julian Cheung, New York Institute of Technology
“I liked this book simply for its simplicity of instruction, easy to understand, and its comprehensive material. The book covers a wide range of information related to communication, including how communication systems work and how they perform in the presence of noise.” –Ibraheem Kateeb, Guilford Tech
“Excellent explanation! Super text for beginners!” –Donald M. Wiberg, University of California, Santa Cruz
“Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems By B. P. Lathi PDF File”
“Free Download Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems By B. P. Lathi PDF”
“How to Download PDF of Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems By B. P. Lathi Free?” | <urn:uuid:e12734e5-b38d-4edd-b7b9-b3ece88285b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studymaterialz.in/modern-digital-and-analog-communication-systems-by-lathi-nw1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.880689 | 613 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Latex Allergy Alert
By Christine Ozment
Latex is all around us, sometimes in the most unexpected places: toys, carpet backing, the elastic used in clothing, pencil erasers, balloons, pacifiers, adhesive tape, stethoscope tubing, wheelchair cushions and tires. The fact is, as more and more latex enters our world, latex allergies are on the rise. This is especially so in the health care industry, where there has been a steady increase in latex medical-care products, such as blood-pressure monitoring cuffs, surgical and examination gloves and disposable syringes. The response to diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis, has been to cover up health care workers at risk by using products such as surgical and examination gloves. This may also contribute to the following statistics: According to The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, at least eight to 12 percent of health care workers regularly exposed to latex become allergic to it, compared with one percent of the general population, although total numbers of exposed workers are not known.
While health care workers are indeed affected, some children with disabilities are also among the particularly susceptible. This includes children with spina bifida, congenital urological abnormalities, cerebral palsy and Dandy-Walker syndrome.
What is a latex allergy?
There are several types of allergic reactions to latex—differentiated by the severity of the response. “Type 4” is limited to the area exposed to the offending agent. Symptoms include a skin rash, redness and irritation, and may occur anywhere from 24 to 48 hours after exposure. Because patient reactions vary, there is no standard time frame for when symptoms start to go away.
“Type 1” hyper-sensitive reactions represent a broad spectrum of symptoms. Very mild symptoms include a runny nose and watery eyes. Very severe cases can include a “systemic anaphylaxis episode,” (a response the body has to a mass allergen exposed). In this case, hives, asthma (wheezing), shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting can occur, and be life threatening. This kind of reaction can be the result of inhaling latex particles that are in the air, or introducing latex through direct contact with rubber products.
What is latex?
Latex is a natural product from the sap of the rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis. Its popularity as a material is due to its durability, flexibility and low manufacturing costs. Alternatives to latex include silicone, plastic, and vinyl.
Latex can be manufactured in two ways. A product can be made by dipping a ceramic mold in liquid latex, or punching molded rubber products out of solidified rubber. Dipped rubber products, such as toy balloons and rubber gloves typically contain higher levels of latex than those of molded rubber products that include syringes and tires.
How can you find out if you are sensitive? Through research, seven allergenic proteins have been identified, some structurally similar and “cross reactive” with proteins in certain fruits such as avocados, bananas, nuts, kiwis, tomatoes and papayas.
Identifying a sensitivity to latex comes from a review of past medical history, a physical exam and blood tests. Three FDA-approved blood tests for latex-specific IgE antibodies, called IgE immunoassays, are now used: The Pharmacia & Upjohn CAP System, the Diagnostic Products’ Alastat and the Hycor Assay. There is also a recent alternative procedure which involves diagnostic skin testing, and uses the latex reagent. The procedure is currently on the verge of approval by the FDA.
Blood tests can be done at a doctor’s office, clinic or hospital, and then sent to a testing facility for analysis.
Test results define the presence of the sensitization. However, once a sensitivity is present, the IgE antibody cannot be used to predict how severe a reaction from the child’s exposure will be. A latex allergy, like all allergies, occurs with exposure to the allergen. The more latex a person is exposed to, the greater the likelihood that a sensitivity will become more severe. Once sensitivity of any kind has been established, a child should be kept away from latex products at all times.
Tests can be readministered if you wish to find out if sensitivity to latex has decreased.
Caution is critical
According to Dr. Robert Hamilton, Associate Professor at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, in Baltimore, Maryland, “Avoidance is the primary way of treating a latex allergy.” He suggests that parents be diligent and not let their guard down. “Parents must be adamant and persistent about protection,” he explains. “Expect to meet with skepticism and to be your child’s advocate. Education is the key to preventing tragedy.”
Hamilton also suggested that parents and professionals support the use of alternative products made of silicone, plastic and vinyl as substitutes for those containing latex. Unfortunately, not all products containing latex are now labeled. For more information on latex allergies and latex-free products contact one of the following organizations:
Some health care products containing latex
Some household products containing latex
Christine Ozment has a degree in Allied Health and is a member of the Washington Township, New Jersey, Volunteer Ambulance Corps. Julie Venners Hacker and Jennifer C. Stolting also contributed to this article. Special thanks to Dr. Robert Hamilton, Associate Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
A Latex Awakening
by Joy Bonvino
Our fear of latex began in October of 1994 during back surgery for our son Philip, who is now nine-and-a-half-years old. That is when our desperate research and education began.
Our son has a neuromuscular disease, called nermaline myopathy, which is a rare form of muscular dystrophy. Philip is immobile and cannot speak or swallow. Instead, he uses a button g-tube for feedings and an electronic device to communicate. He is also dependent on a mechanical ventilator 24-hours a day to assist him in breathing. It was during scoliosis surgery with fusion—a grueling 10-hour procedure, that we almost lost him.
The surgery for Philip was risky enough—we never suspected latex to be a danger factor as well. We said good-bye to him as he was wheeled off to the operating room, and felt some ease knowing his home-care nurse of nine years, Karen, was there to accompany him during the operation.
Two hours later, Karen came from the operating room. Gently taking my hand in hers she said, “Philip has turned bright red and is unable to be ventilated.” My heart stopped—so did the surgery.
Philip had reacted to latex. Epinephrine was administered to stop the swelling of his airways, and the operating room was cleared of all material containing latex. The surgeon went on to complete his work without further complications.
Now that we encountered latex intolerance, we found it would be a long-term problem. We knew that we had to try and find new equipment so that Philip could return home to a comfortable environment. Luckily, we found respirator tubings, diapers, suction catheters and feeding tubes. Our next task was his wheelchair, and after calling companies, we found that some were ignorant of the materials and compounds that made up their own products. This made our search more stressful—we wondered if some had told us “no latex”, simply from ignorance!
Living with a child whose prognosis is fatal is difficult enough. The thought of losing Philip to an anaphylactic reaction to latex simply because products are not labeled seems almost negligent. A new addition to our lives is the EpiPen® epinephrine injector. We do not dare leave home without it!
We urge everyone to petition the government to put warning labels on all products and materials that contain latex. There are groups such as ALERT that give lists of alternative products. [See list above for other helpful organizations.]
Joy and her husband, Philip, live in Lindenhurst, New York, with their son, Philip.
A New Way of Life
by Anne Marie Price
Doug and I learned about our baby’s disability during the endless tests routinely given during pregnancy. We never imagined that the alpha-fetal protein test that I took would begin a new way of life and a new way of thinking for us. I had met a few people who had been given some frightening results from tests that later proved to be “false positive.” The results of my blood test were accurate, however; sonograms confirmed our baby had spina bifida.
We learned a great deal about our child’s disability before she was born. For example, we were told she would probably never walk (though I am happy to report that she does). Doctors informed us that she also had severe hydrocephalus (water on the brain) and immediately after delivery would need surgery to place a shunt in her brain to help drain the spinal fluid into her abdominal cavity. We also learned that most people with spina bifida need to be catheterized to urinate. None of these things surprised or even worried us.
One thing did surprise us. We learned that people with spina bifida are often allergic to latex. I remember the moment Doug’s sister gave us the information packet she had received from the Spina Bifida Association of America. We read about latex allergies and felt as if we were facing a brand new diagnosis we needed to prepare for.
As we read the list of common items with latex, we were stunned! Diapers, pacifiers, baby bottles, nipples, balloons and many different types of medical equipment all made the list. Doug and I learned that regular exposure to latex could be the major contributor to latex allergies in people with spina bifida. Now we knew that we had to avoid exposing our child to latex from the very beginning.
From the moment RoseMarie was born, Doug and I were her advocates. Immediately following an emergency C-section, our daughter was admitted to the intensive care nursery (ICN). I had just enough energy to admire her and absorb what all of the doctors were telling me. Meanwhile, Doug was alerting the nurses in ICN about latex precautions.
At first, the doctors seemed to question the reality of latex allergies. We remained firm in our decision to keep her environment latex free and eventually, after presenting literature to the physicians about latex allergies, they began to work with us. Our next step was to have RoseMarie tested for latex allergies because we had seen a rash from the silk tape used in stabilizing her IV ports. The results from a blood test showed that even with minimal exposure, she had a mild, but positive, sensitivity.
RoseMarie was in and out of the hospital for the first three months of her life. She had eight surgeries by the time she was four months old. During a particular surgery, the prevalence of latex and the degree of vigilance needed was brought home to me. She had a broviac line placed in her chest, and I was in charge of flushing the line with Heparin, (a sodium injection) every day. It occurred to one of the nurses that the bottle of Heparin came with a rubber stopper through which I was supposed to push the syringe to draw in the medication. The stopper could have easily included latex materials and an alternative had to be found. Luckily, I was able to find a special device called a “Decapper” (made by Kebby Industries in Rockford, Illinois), which removed the top of each bottle before I used it. I had to become innovative for RoseMarie’s safety!
I wish that I could boast that our home is latex free, but all I can say is that we have been careful, and buy latex-free diapers, pacifiers and teething rings. We have even gone as far as calling the 800 numbers on every package that we buy just to confirm there is no latex in the product. Customer service departments have made checking a lot easier. They call the manufacturer for me! Manufacturers have been responsive, as well. One manufacturer of a non-spill cup contacted the engineer responsible for the cup’s design and asked for a modification for a latex-free alternative.
When RoseMarie was about six months old, she began early intervention. I asked the staff to use latex precautions whenever possible, explaining that even though she had never experienced a serious reaction, the allergy builds with exposure. With continued exposure, she might experience a life-threatening reaction such as anaphylactic shock.
Sometimes I have felt that I am being too “preachy,” but I believe it has paid off. RoseMarie’s therapists have been careful not to expose her to latex in the equipment they use, such as therapy balls and gym mats. They even special ordered a wheelchair with latex-free parts for her.
Our friends and family have also been made aware of the potential risks. They make sure that mylar balloons are available at birthday parties instead of latex ones. It makes us feel great to know that everyone who knows our daughter is watching out for her. We try our best to keep latex far away from her, but we also have to be realistic. Even erasing a pencil mark requires a product with a latex-seal eraser. As “preachy” as it may seem though, I will grab my soapbox and launch into a sermon anytime to keep my daughter safe!
Anne Marie and her husband, Doug, live with their daughter RoseMarie in Old Bridge, New Jersey.
|Reprinted with the expressed consent and approval of Exceptional Parent, a monthly magazine for parents and families of children with disabilities and special health care needs. Subscription cost is $32 per year for 12 issues; call 1-800-562-1973. Offices at 555 Kinderkamack Rd. Oradell, N.J. 07649. | <urn:uuid:ca0f86b0-f200-4ddd-ab0d-38ce7524124f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://latexallergylinks.org/EP.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.974324 | 2,967 | 3.046875 | 3 |
The free and confidential service offers data advocacy and help to individuals who have skilled violence in their relationships. Most police stations have Domestic Violence Units or Group Safety Models with specially trained officers to deal with domestic violence and abuse. Victoria has set a precedent in digging deeper into the causes of household violence in Hindu and Sikh communities. If parents or other relations feel scared, intimidated, manipulated or are bodily hurt, that is abusive and violent behaviour. But Ms Advani says members of clergy can play a significant position in addressing home violence as a result of when Hindu or Sikh migrants first arrive in Australia, they usually visit a temple or gurdwara. The specialised Household Violence Courts deal completely with household violence matters to help victims and guarantee their security. Canada owes the success of its statistical system to a protracted-standing partnership between Statistics Canada, the citizens of Canada, its businesses, governments and different establishments.
There will often be situations connected to their bail to guard you from additional violence and abuse. He does this together with his spouse, Param Kaur, through the body they founded, Sikh Australian Help for Family Violence. ConnectEDspace is a web site … Read More | <urn:uuid:5530f491-33e6-4a27-bb61-4bd4929b28b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pequodllibres.com/tag/victim | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.961543 | 233 | 1.929688 | 2 |
“Faith, Race, Place” explores how Pittsburgh’s fragmented religious landscape came to be and how historical divides are being confronted in the present day.
For about 10 years in the early 1900s, Rodef Shalom had a swimming pool.
It was a somewhat common feature in large, well-to-do American synagogues at the time, Rodef Shalom archivist Martha Berg said. Jews were looking for their houses of worship functionally to serve as community centers, too. (One historian has called it the “shul with a pool” trend, a shul being another name for a synagogue.)
Its existence said a lot about the social dynamics shaping Pittsburgh Judaism.
For one thing, Rodef Shalom got its pool because Jews in the early 1900s weren’t allowed to use the pool at the neighboring YMCA.
Although Pittsburgh Jews sometimes suffered blatant acts of antisemitism, historian Barbara Burstin said, more common was this kind of “cold, gentle discrimination.” Excluded from dominant spaces, they had no choice but to build parallel enterprises — in business and recreation.
But Rodef Shalom also had a pool because it had wealthy members who could afford to donate it. In that sense, the pool speaks to social hierarchies within Pittsburgh Judaism. And within Pittsburgh Judaism, Rodef was a force to be reckoned with.
“It’s hard to overstate how powerful and important it was,” said Eric Lidji, director of the Rauh Jewish History Program & Archives at the Heinz History Center. “Its leaders were the leaders of every major Jewish organization in town.”
Ethnicity played a role in that, although not a simple one, Lidji cautions. Pittsburgh’s earliest Jews were largely German. When they founded Rodef Shalom in 1856, it was a German Jewish congregation.
In the 1880s through the early 1900s, Pittsburgh Judaism diversified. Jobs in the burgeoning steel industry brought a flood of Eastern European immigrants.
On the whole, Eastern European Jews tended to be poorer and less educated than the German Jewish immigrants of the previous generations, Burstin said. They also tended to be more Orthodox (strictly observant of traditional beliefs and practices) and Zionist (supportive of having a Jewish nation or state — eventually leading to the modern state of Israel forming).
They were also simply new. By 1900, some German Jewish families had been in Pittsburgh for 40, 50, even 60 years, Lidji said. The Eastern Europeans did not have those cultural footholds.
The resulting rifts and resentments meant that the Eastern Europeans, much like the Germans, created their own enterprises, paralleling not only the dominant white Protestant culture but also German Jewish ones.
The Eastern European Jews didn’t have an equivalent of Rodef Shalom, Lidji said. For one thing, they wouldn’t have been able to afford it. But also, religiously, it wouldn’t have made sense. Many Eastern Europeans were Orthodox, and Orthodox Jews don’t drive on the Sabbath. These communities were more likely to create small neighborhood synagogues — the kind you still see dotting the landscape of Squirrel Hill.
Rodef Shalom’s current building was completed in 1907. Although originally the congregation was mostly of German descent, it has since diversified. (Photos courtesy of the Rodef Shalom Congregation Archives)
These days, no one thinks of Pittsburgh’s Jewish community in terms of German versus Eastern European, Burstin said. As Lidji explained, the lines began disintegrating after World War II.
More “Faith, Race, Place” stories
Still, knowledge of the past matters, Burstin argued. Some of the threats faced today — antisemitism from the outside or apathy from the inside — are issues Pittsburgh’s Jewish community has struggled with for a long time.
Knowing history also encourages resilience in the face of new challenges, she said, like security concerns congregations have faced since the Tree of Life massacre in October 2018.
“We have faced difficulties before and have overcome.”
Clarification: A previous version of this story dated Rodef Shalom’s founding to the first synagogue’s construction, which began in 1861. The congregation approved its constitution in 1856 and obtained its charter in 1859, according to Eric Lidji, director of the Rauh Jewish History Program & Archives at the Heinz History Center.
This story was fact-checked by Abigail Nemec-Merwede.
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Help us inform people in the Pittsburgh region with more stories like this — support our nonprofit newsroom with a donation. | <urn:uuid:aa570579-ffc7-4bd0-b691-0dac65d55590> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.publicsource.org/pittsburgh-faith-race-place-class-culture-impacts-early-judaism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.967646 | 995 | 3.3125 | 3 |
The Future of Floating Cities and the Realities
Every week, a whopping three million new people are moving to live in a city. That’s equivalent to the current population of San Diego or Kiev transplanting themselves into urban areas every seven days; it’s almost a new Moscow or Rio de Janeiro every month.
By Ellie Cosgrave
By 2030, 60% of the world’s population will be living in cities. This is going to put huge strain on the world’s existing metropolises. And they will have climate change to deal with too – about 90% of the world’s largest cities are situated on the waterfront and are vulnerable to rising sea levels.
To cope with these changes, some engineers, researchers and technologists say we should reconsider how we build cities; that perhaps it’s time to do something totally different. Instead of building on land, they say, let’s make them float on the ocean.
But is this idea actually feasible? What might these cities look like in reality, and how would they work?
As you can hear in the preview below, these were questions that we explored for a recent episode of the BBC Tomorrow’s World podcast. Along with my fellow presenter Britt Wray, we spoke to designers who are proposing floating cities that could change with the seasons, tech entrepreneurs looking to create settlements on the open ocean and marine engineers who are putting these ideas to the test. Here’s what we found out.
It’s worth remembering that cities have long been encroaching upon the sea as they have searched for space to house their growing populations. In Singapore, for example, 25% of the city is built on reclaimed land, while 20% of Tokyo is built on artificial islands built out into the sea. The authorities in Dubai have built entire luxury complexes on artificial islands while huge tracts of Holland have been reclaimed from the North Sea with an intricate system of levees and dykes that have been protecting urban areas from flooding for centuries.
But rather than trying to hold back the sea from the land, there are some who believe it is time to stop fighting the oceans and to work with them instead. These “aquapreneurs” say the solution to the housing shortages and social problems that exist in many of the world’s cramped, rapidly growing cities can be found by spreading out across the water.
“We have to start living with the water as a friend and not always as an enemy,” says Koen Olthuis, founder of the Dutch architect firm WaterStudio. They are designing and building floating platforms that can act as the foundations to support buildings. Initially they have focused on building single villas or offices, but Olthuis believes it may be possible to construct entire cities in this way.
“Imagine a city where you can plug and play floating houses and floating developments,” he explains. “You could adjust the city for the season… to let the developments breathe.”
Floating cities could be repeatedly remoulded according to the seasons or population changes
The idea is to build large raft-like structures that can act as floating foundations for buildings, roads, utilities and parkland. While land-based cities are static and cannot be easily remodelled without demolishing buildings, floating cities could be repeatedly remoulded according to the seasons or population changes.
Olthuis points to the natural cooling effect of water as an example – by moving the floating foundations further apart during the hot summer months, a city could be opened up to create channels of water that will cool the air, while closing these gaps in the winter could help to keep the heat in. Or imagine if the city could be temporarily expanded to allow for sporadic population increases from tourism or refugees, shrinking back down again when they leave.
It is an exciting vision, and one that only works because the city is floating. But Olthuis and his colleagues are also adapting this technology to provide food, sanitation shelter and energy to slums in some of the poorest areas of the world. Many of the world’s slums sit beside large areas of water, making them vulnerable to flooding, but this also provides an opportunity.
WaterStudio has been working with UNESCO to build small floating schools for use in waterside slums. It is being partially funded by a project that has been using solar powered “boat schools” to deliver education to over 70,000 children in Bangladesh.
Olthuis and his team are fixing shipping containers onto floating foundations made from thousands of waste plastic bottles. The first five of these units – forming a classroom, a sanitation unit, a kitchen and a power unit connected to floating solar panels – is due to be delivered to Korail, a slum on the waterfront of Dhaka, in Bangladesh.
The beauty of this approach, according to Olthuis, is that should there be a change in regulations or an eviction from the slum, the school can be reused elsewhere.
“You can put them on a truck and move them to another city,” he says.
Olthuis’s vision of floating cities, however, is one of waterborne conurbations that are still connected to the land by a tether. There are some who dream of severing those ties altogether.
“We are convinced we can create better worlds on the ocean,” says Joe Quirk, an author and self-proclaimed “seavangelist”. He is also the spokesman for The Seasteading Institute, and hopes to create floating communities that can test innovative forms of governance.
It is going to be very difficult for a tyrant to ascend this sort of natural hierarchy
The group, which was founded in 2008 by economist Patri Friedman and Silicon Valley investor Peter Thiel, says that by moving floating cities out into international waters they can create “start-up” nations with their own legal systems. By building these open ocean cities out of 50m-wide (164ft) blocks that can be connected together, it will allow citizens to join and leave at will.
“It is going to be very difficult for a tyrant to ascend this sort of natural hierarchy if your island can disassemble beneath you and people can leave if you are behaving badly,” Quirk told us on the podcast. He believes such waterborne societies will instead be shaped by market forces that will be free of the political ambitions and problems faced by traditional governments on land.
Exactly whether such a political utopia can be achieved remains to be seen – and also whether building societies free of all existing regulation will actually work in practice, given the unpredictability of human nature.
The Tomorrow's World podcast: your big questions about the future answered
It has also been tried before. In 1967, a pirate radio broadcaster called Roy Bates occupied a former anti-aircraft gun platform in the North Sea and declared it an independent nation called the Principality of Sealand. Although the platform still continues to be occupied, it is not officially recognised as a nation state. According to the United Nations, artificial islands, installations and structures do not possess the status of islands and so cannot have the rights afforded to them.
But there are others who see a far more fundamental barrier to establishing floating states or cities out on the open sea – the weather.
Any floating community will need to withstand the brutal conditions of the open seas, where waves can reach 20m (65ft) high and storms can rage for days.
“When you are out at sea on waves that high, you can do only one thing, go up and down with them,” says Philip Wilson, a professor of ship dynamics and engineering at the University of Southampton. He is sceptical that it would be possible to build a floating structure at sea that will not be subject to the harsh ocean environment.
“The weather systems at sea are big,” he told us on Tomorrow’s World. “There is a longer fetch for the wind to blow over and as a consequence, the waves are bigger there. If you built a floating city where you are making half the population sea sick, that is not going to be economically viable. People don’t like living like that.”
Quirk points to the giant luxury cruise ships that allow their passengers to enjoy a martini in the evening undisturbed by the pitch and roll of life on the ocean. Oil platforms also manage to remain stable in some fairly inhospitable environments. But even on these, faced with hurricane force winds, they can be pretty unpleasant places to be.
Instead, it seems the future of floating cities may lie somewhat closer to the land. The Seasteading Institute’s first project is to build a high-tech hub of floating islands in the protected waters of a Tahitian lagoon in French Polynesia by 2020. More than 1,000 people have already expressed interest in living there, but at $15 million per module – with perhaps 11 modules providing homes for 200-300 citizens – life there will not be cheap.
The real value of floating cities may lie in providing more space for the world’s overcrowded urban centres to expand into. It seems likely that some form of hybrid city will emerge where we combine the benefits of land-based and floating cities by expanding into nearby waters. As technology improves to help us weather the ups and downs of life on water, these may then start to extend further out into the sea.
Such solutions may be the only way human civilisation can cope with growing populations and changing climates in the future. What is clear to us is that hope definitely floats. | <urn:uuid:785b2c98-592c-46f6-b6f0-5f0e638a1b32> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://youngwaterleaders.thewaternetwork.com/article-FfV/the-future-of-floating-cities-and-the-realities-0o4Naq920HqqlfpyTP0fSg | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958026 | 2,014 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Institute of Materials Science
University of Connecticut
STM (scanning tunneling microscopy) made it possible to image atom arrangements on conductive materials; now, AFM (atomic force microscopy) extends nanoscale imaging to nonconductors. The physical principles and some intriguing examples are given in a timely review.
D. Rugar, P. Hansma, "Atomic force microscopy," Physics Today, 43, 23-30, October 1990. (IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, Calif.; University of California, Santa Barbara)
Thin films of polycrystalline diamond have been a technical reality for several years. Now it has been shown that selective plasma deposition of diamond on etchable silicon substrates can be used to fabricate windows and miniature cantilever beams. The Young's modulus of the polycrystalline diamond microcantilevers was measured to be 1.20 to 1.25 x 107 kilograms per centimeter squared.
J.L. Davidson, R. Ramesham, C. Ellis, "Synthetic diamond micromechanical membranes, cantilever beams, and bridges," Journal of the Electrochemical Society,... | <urn:uuid:99d1891d-a867-4405-850f-52f671bdbf16> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.the-scientist.com/research/articles-alert-60949 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.816252 | 258 | 2.375 | 2 |
Tomorrow, Friday, October 7th we will see the first nationwide general strike in Belgium for 12 years. It marks a watershed in the recent social history of the country. With this impressive action Belgium is now rapidly catching up with the level of class struggle in other European countries.
What is provoking this profound backlash on the part of the workers are the plans of the federal Liberal-Socialist government to get rid of early retirement schemes. What we have to remember is that early retirement is very often not taken out of free choice. It is the last defensive measure that workers have left in the face of redundancies. Otherwise they would be facing outright sackings and be living on low unemployment benefits..
“Normally we retire at the age of 59, but the government want to make us work until we are 65” thundered one of the main socialist union leaders at the end of this summer. Now workers all over the country especially in the industrial sector are moving from the initial perplexity to anger and then to action. “How come older workers – above the age of 50 – are going to have to work longer, while there are 600,000 unemployed, 125.000 of them young people?” is a question that many workers are asking.
The big idea behind these plans is to increase the “degree of activity of the older workers” as a way of saving on social security spending. This is a demand of the European Union. In reality this is the plan of the European bosses who wish to increase the rate of exploitation as part of their commercial tug-of-war with other industrial powers in the world and to face up to competition from the United States and Asia.
Older workers will be forced into low paid jobs instead of being able to enjoy early retirement. They also want to reduce their contributions to the social security system, which are biting in their profit margins. But until very recently the coalition government had moved slowly on this question. This slowness on their part was criticised by the bosses, the Liberals and the right wing of the Flemish Socialist Party.
Last year, however, was declared a turning point in the onslaught on workers’ rights. In the last analysis the slowness in the process was a reflection of the impasse between the social classes in Belgium and the difficulty the bosses were finding in involving the union leaders in this project. As one bourgeois newspaper stated a few days ago, “the union leaders need to take their responsibility, they want to take their responsibility but they cannot because of the rank and file.”
Ranks impose strike action
Approximately ten days ago the Socialist union ABVV-FGTB, was forced ‑ in the middle of the negotiation period with the government and the bosses ‑ to announce a general strike. The union leaders confessed this was done “under very big pressure” from the ranks. The Christian union ACV-CSC, who before the summer had been the first to threaten a wave of strike action, including a general strike, if the government persisted in its plans to force older workers to worker longer also set a date for a national strike but for Monday October 10, i.e. after the end of the negotiations. The excuse they gave was to give the talks a chance…
The socialist union came under severe attack, including even some Socialist Party leaders, for its supposedly “irresponsible” behaviour in declaring a strike while still in the middle of negotiations. Apparently the Belgian tradition of “consensus” does not allow for such threats of general strike action while negotiations are still on! Some leaders of the right have also argued that a political strike is not part of this tradition either. One even went as far as condemning the call for a general strike as illegitimate and compared it to a call for an insurrection and that it should be treated as such. Surely this individual has never seen an insurrection….
However, he does have a point. What is developing in Belgium is not a normal situation and it is one that has not been seen for more than a decade or so. Having said this, one should remember that it isn’t so surprising at all. Such kind of strike action had become a common feature in the collective bargaining negotiations in the spring of this year. The metal, food and commercial workers rediscovered this weapon in the working class armoury and won some concessions, albeit modest, which they wouldn’t otherwise have achieved e. They didn’t bother with the so-called rules and “traditions”. They were writing their own new rules or, to be more precise, they were rediscovering some of the rules of the good old class struggle from their own past.
Yesterday the Christian union withdrew its call for a general strike for October10. The will live to regret it, because the Socialist union has not called off its strike. In an almost defensive statement, one of the Socialist trade union leaders explained that “the preparations for the strike have gone too far to cancel it.”
Indeed, as soon as the call for a general strike went out, it generated a lot of enthusiasm among the workers, especially in industry and the private sector in general. Where preparatory meetings were held the mood was electric and one of confidence.
An important thing to note is that in many of the big factories the Christian shop stewards have established a de facto united front with the their Socialist colleagues to shut down the factory on Friday.
The Socialist metal workers’ union and the general workers’ union (building workers, chemical workers, etc) had already called for a two-day general strike as a way of countering the divisions of last week. Now all attention will be concentrated on shutting down industry on Friday. They will be helped by the railway workers who will stop running the network tonight at 10 pm. Here both the Christian and the Socialist union are calling first for a 24-hours strike and possibly another strike next week.
The bosses started the hostilities
“The Christian union is not divided, it is torn apart” commented the leader of the red metal workers. Indeed, most probably this last minute retreat of the Christian union leaders will not be followed on the shop floor where unity will be maintained between the workers. This is quite an unusual level of defiance on the part of the ranks not seen in the last 10 or 15 years. It is the result of a whole period of attacks by the bosses over the past fifteen years. In this period many workers were grudgingly forced into accepting many setbacks and increases in the intensity of work. It is not so much that they accepted it; rather they did not see a way out, especially when the union leaders went along with all these measures.
It was in the summer of 2004 that all this started to change. In August 2004 the bosses – in a more arrogant mood than ever ‑ confusing the soft and compromising attitude of most of the union leaders with the mood of the workers, launched an unprecedented attack throughout the whole of Europe and also in Belgium on the working week. They organised a venomous campaign in the press against the 38-hour week, calling for it to be increased to 40 hours a week or more.
In Germany they tried ‑and succeeded in some factories ‑ to increase the working week. In Belgium they tried but came up against some resistance. The average real working week has already reached 48 hours despite the official 38-hour week. Belgian workers are among the most flexible and the most productive in the world. This is not at all a record to be proud of, because it is paid for in higher stress, higher consumption of drugs, more accidents and more mental disorders.
The merely verbal opposition of the union leaders did not scare the bosses. So they continued their attacks during the national all-sector collective bargaining negotiations. But what they succeeded in doing with this was to push the workers and some of the trade unions over the limit. Here again, in the middle of the negotiations both the Christian and the Socialist unions called for a national demonstration against the wage freeze and the increased flexibility being demanded by the bosses.
The response was magnificent: 50,000 workers marched through an ice-cold capital on December 21. In some big factories workers had downed tools. This was contrary to the union leadership’s line. Bus drivers in the south also stopped work that day. More important, however, was the nature of the demo. This one was not at all like so many of the ritual and drab marches of the previous, made up of the usual, same old activists. No this was a stormy march, an undisciplined and quite an irreverent march composed of many ordinary workers.
This was a clear signal! That demo was a turning point as it revealed a strong and sharp consciousness deep within the ranks. It was summed up in one of the most popular slogans “Enough is enough,” Another slogan graphically expressed the mood that had now developed: “We have give in a lot over the last few years, now your time has come.”
Unfortunately this mood and readiness for action on the part of the ranks was not matched by the union leaders and an opportunity was lost. But for the first time in history no deal could be reached at national level between the bosses and the unions. Interestingly, there was also a revolt within the bosses’ camp where in some industries they rejected the deal as not going far enough and they accused the national negotiators of being soft. These sectors were pushing for a more decisive confrontation with the working class. On both sides of the class divide there is growing desire for bolder action against the class enemy.
The government then unilaterally imposed new wage restraints as a way of breaking the stalemate. But the union leaders did not dare put their signature to these proposals and preferred passive opposition rather than be identified with this deal. The spring negotiations for collective bargaining agreements in the different industries confirmed the beginnings of a new mood of militancy among the workers.
Increased level of confrontation
The metal workers threatened their first nationwide strike in 46 years. Even more important than this, however was the appearance of sections of the working class not previously noted for their fighting tradition: the workers of the food industry. They organised a series of strikes and succeeded in breaking through the ceiling of the wage restraint. This did not go unnoticed by the other workers. And now we have a general strike.
The general level of social confrontation has also increased, following an irregular and at times contradictory process, but it has been slowly increasing in many factory disputes. Social pressure in general is increasing. Incidents where bosses physically attacked workers on the picket lines of some small factories became national news on two occasions this spring.
This will not stop after this general strike. On the contrary! In the North, the Flemish part of the country, we have an interesting development. The dominant national myth is that this part of the country is more inclined to reasoning, negotiation and consensus. But the Flemish bosses have sent a letter to all the mayors, as they are the heads of the local police, calling on them to take measures tomorrow to stop the workers from blockading the industrial areas where many small companies operate. In the letter the say that if necessary they should do so “manu militari.”
These companies have historically been “no go areas’” for the unions. Workers there are under very big pressure not to go on strike. This, during the last general strike of 1993, led to a new tactic of flying pickets organised by the workers in the bigger factories to close down the smaller companies, blockading them with barricades of cars, burning tires and other material.
Back in 1993 the bosses were taken by surprise. This time they are preparing. But so are the workers. In the big factories the successful experience of 1993 has not been forgotten and many plans have been drawn up to repeat the same tactic to help their colleagues in the smaller factories. For them it is an expression of elementary class solidarity that is being rediscovered. The bosses will most likely condemn this form of struggle as “social terrorism.”
Tomorrow’s general strike will bring to the surface and make it evident to all that the Belgian working class has monumental power. The old myth of a “nice and peaceful Belgium” will be shattered tomorrow. It will be seen for what it really was: just a myth. The mere fact that under capitalism the word “progress” has seized to mean working less and now implies working longer hours until you drop is a terrible historical condemnation of the system as a whole. The struggle for a real socialist leadership that can match the combativity and the hopes of the workers will be given a new impetus by this mobilisation. Things are changing rapidly in Belgium, and there is no going back.
Brussels, October 6, 2005 | <urn:uuid:4711e3c7-89f0-4ffe-a14d-2023a194933e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.no.marxist.com/belgium-general-strike061005.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.975213 | 2,641 | 1.695313 | 2 |
HiveGuard offers highly innovative tools and technologies to beekeepers
HiveGuard created a sensor to help beekeepers carrying out monitoring activities, thanks to a camera and to an algorithm of recognition. These deal with identifying eventual new queen bee larvae and those cells infected by American foulbrood. In fact, despite the presence of a queen bee in every hive, beekeepers have to exploit skilled workers to prevent eventual new queen bees from taking the swarm away. If this happens, honey making will stop, resulting in considerable economic damages.
The startup wants to ease beekeepers in their work, enabling them to save both time and money. Beekeepers, in fact, have to identify both the eventual birth of new queen bees and the European and American foulbrood, one of the most dangerous bee diseases. This monitoring service costs about € 48 per hive. As for the beekepers owning up to 3.000 hives, instead, it may amount to over € 100.000.
The startup, performing during the Finale of Clab UniCa #05Edition, expects to create 50 prototypes of the device, presenting them to beekeepers in April 2018. In November 2018, instead, the startup expects to sale 5 pre-sales contracts. Afterwards, there will be the industrial review while the production will start in February 2019. HiveGuard will have found its first 10 customers by April 2019, selling them about 5000 devices.
How technology works
The sensor can track the hive by placing a camera within the apiary and using an algorithm of recognition based on pre-processed images. Unlike the sensors provided by the competitors, the HiveGuard sensor doesn’t only notice when the swarm is leaving the hive, but it solves the heart of the problem by noticing when the new queen cup is built. It also shows the eventual cells infected by the foulbrood. In fact, the device can recognize queen cups and infected cells, which differ from the normal cells in shape, size and colour. Once the sensor gathers all the data within the hive, they will be sent to a central unit, which will process them. Hence gathering and interpreting data will be much simpler to beekeepers, thanks to the HiveGuard user-friendly application for smartphones.
Strategy and partnerships
HiveGuard is planning to spread its product in 3 different packages according to each beekeeper’s special needs. The monthly average cost of the standard version of the package will amount to € 24 a year for every hive. Thanks to the startup, beekeepers will manage to save 50% of the annual cost for each hive.
Currently HiveGuard is collaborating with Laore Sardegna regional agency and has stipulated draft contracts with 10 beekeepers, who signed an expression of interest in buying the product.
HiveGuard team includes:
- Daniele Melis, a structural civil engineering graduate, he is an industrial project engineer and the CEO of the startup.
- Sara Sulis, a computer science graduate, she is the technical director of HiveGuard. She deals with developing software.
- Federica Romano, a communication graduate, she deals with marketing and communication strategies. | <urn:uuid:96a60f02-f282-42f6-b45b-b12651fb3058> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://clabunica.it/en/startup-clab-unica-hiveguard/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.936844 | 649 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Eight more underwater shipwrecks where discovered and documented around the island complex of Fournoi, during the third phase of an underwater archaeological research, bringing the number of total shipwrecks found in the area to 53.
The underwater expedition was conducted by the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities and the Florida-based RPM Nautical Foundation between June 9 and 29.
The remains date from the Classical times to the first half of the 20th century and include a 4th century B.C. ship carrying a cargo of amphorae from Chios; a Roman shipwreck loaded with Dressel 38-type amphorae for salted fish of Spanish origin, two late Roman-era shipwrecks with amphorae dating to the 6th and 7th century A.D. and a wooden craft of the interwar period, which sank after 1929.
The number and the variety of the cargoes discovered — with many of them being of foreign origin — indicate that Fournoi was a significant hub in antiquity and connected a broad network of sea routes, according to an announcement by the Greek Culture Ministry.
According to RPM Nautical Foundation, 22 shipwrecks were identified during the first season of the underwater research in September 2015 in the Fournoi archipelago, while 23 additional shipwrecks were discovered in June 2016.
Fournoi is a collection of 13 islands and islets located between the Aegean islands of Samos and Ikaria. The expedition will continue through 2018. | <urn:uuid:58da5294-ab7b-4452-9681-b28af5ac578e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.scubahellas.com/shipwrecks-identify-fournoi-significant-hub-ancient-world/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.968267 | 322 | 3.03125 | 3 |
As an industrial product used for rotary connection, the slip ring can be interpreted literally, but it is worth to explore what the slip ring is composed of. Let's first look at the working principle of the slip ring. It relies on the rolling lap principle and through the ingenious internal structure design to realize the transmission of large capacity data and energy from the fixed position to the rotating position, so as to solve the problem of wiring caused by unrestricted rotation of mechanical parts. In different industries, the slip ring has different names. For example, the military industry likes to call it the collector ring, some industries like to call it the central collector, others like to call it the slip ring box, etc.
In a broad way, conductive slip ring, gas-liquid slip ring and optical fiber slip ring can be regarded as three different products. For example, the gas-liquid slip ring processes many through holes with a certain diameter inside and outside the cylindrical metal parts, and connects the rotor and stator through holes, so as to realize the unrestricted rotational transmission of gas or liquid. The optical fiber slip ring belongs to a kind of precision optical components. Its main components are optical fiber collimator and various optical lens and prism components. When it rotates, the signal transmission between stator and rotor does not need friction pairs. Therefore, the service life of optical fiber slip ring is very long and it can basically reach the level of 100 million revolutions.
Let's look at the conductive slip ring. The conductive slip ring is a product that transmits electric energy and electric signals. It relies on the contact between the brush wire or carbon brush and the copper ring, so as to realize the transmission of electric energy and signals. During operation, the copper ring keeps rotating and contacts the carbon brush or brush wire. In the process of this rotation, the action must be very smooth, and the surface of the copper ring is also very smooth. Therefore, the copper ring, smooth and sliding ring movement are one of the origins of the name of the sliding ring. In view of this feature, we can also find examples in the articles published by many scientific research institutions or colleges and universities that directly turn the copper ring in the slip ring into the slip ring.
JINPAT Electronics is a professional slip ring manufacturer with the ability of independent research and development of optical fiber slip rings, gas-liquid slip rings and various types of conductive slip rings. The slip rings here are called by the slip ring industry. They generally represent the above three kinds of slip rings for different purposes, which belong to the general name of industrial products such as "slip rings" for rotating transmission of energy and signals. Taking the name of JINPAT's slip ring as an example, the cap slip ring refers to a kind of standard slip ring with flange, which belongs to a class of conductive slip ring. The hollow shaft slip ring is a slip ring with a through hole. For convenience, many products of JINPAT adopts the same structure as the through hole slip ring, and are also divided into the hollow shaft slip ring series.
For example, JINPAT high-frequency slip ring refers to a conductive slip ring that can transmit high-frequency signals and SDI high-definition video signals. The English codes of this kind of slip ring are LPHF and LPCC. Among them, LPHF high-frequency slip ring is often integrated in the hollow shaft slip ring and forms a brand-new product with the electric slip ring. This kind of product is basically applied to all kinds of military and civilian radar antennas and mobile communication antenna bases. LPCC series high-frequency slip ring is regarded as a single channel LPHF high-frequency slip ring without shell. It can transmit both high-frequency signals and SDI high-definition video signals. The difference between the two slip rings is that the coaxial impedance used is different, one is 5 Ω and the other is 75 Ω. | <urn:uuid:be6080c9-5867-4551-ba01-d13f5e4d878b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.electricslipring.com/JINPATslipring35.html?fromMid=1090&fromColId=218 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.938981 | 825 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Folding lithographed diagram. 8vo, orig. pale green cloth (head & foot of spine with slightest chipping, occasional unimportant foxing), covers stamped in blind, spine lettered in gilt. New York: D. Appleton, 1860.
First American edition, “second issue” with three quotations on verso of half-title.
A very good and bright copy preserved in a slip-case.
❧ Freeman 378. For the first edition, see Horblit 23b; Dibner, Heralds of Science, 199; and Printing & the Mind of Man 344b.
Item ID: 3609 | <urn:uuid:0c483b9c-d6e9-4b00-99ef-16a060bcdf41> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jonathanahill.com/pages/books/3609/charles-darwin/on-the-origin-of-species-by-means-of-natural-selection-or-the-preservation-of-favoured-races-in-the | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.832221 | 144 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Mentioning the war
Hitler, as you have never seen him
GENOCIDE is not funny, nor was the war unleashed by Adolf Hitler on the rest of the world. But films that take Hitler seriously can hardly escape a closing image of him as a kind of tragic hero, isolated in his chancellery, going mad, surrounded by death and destruction, in a suicide pact with his lover.
Bad hair day
Treating Hitler as a buffoon, persecuted by his general staff and obsessed by his dog and other minutiae, makes for a more convincing portrait of the monster who fiddled while his Reich burned. At least, that is what Dani Levy thinks.
The Swiss-Jewish director's new film, “Mein Führer”, is set in the closing days of 1944. Hitler (a beautifully coiffed Helge Schneider) is due to give a rousing speech to the nation, but he has lost his self-esteem and his famous gravelly voice. Smooth Joseph Goebbels (Sylvester Groth) has a brilliant idea: haul in Adolf Grünbaum, a Jewish drama professor, from a concentration camp, to rekindle the Führer's oratory which was so often inspired by a hatred of Jews. Grünbaum (Ulrich Mühe) has the opposite effect, however: Hitler becomes completely dependent on him. Grünbaum, like Chaplin in “The Great Dictator”, finds himself delivering the Führer's speech, which offers an opportunity for subversion.
Within this framework there is plenty of scope for burlesque too: quips about Auschwitz and the final solution—not all my idea, says Hitler; the Führer in the bath with a toy battleship; losing half his moustache to a nervous barber; being mounted by Blondie, his Alsatian.
These episodes have a sinister quality about them because the toadies around Hitler are played straight, although Himmler has his arm strapped up in a permanent Nazi salute. The punctilious loyalty of the lesser Nazi henchmen was, after all, what kept Hitler and his 1,000-year Reich alive for so long. The rapport between Mr Mühe and Mr Schneider, a popular comedian, holds the plot together, though Mr Groth's icily charming Goebbels steals the show.
The film says nothing new about the Nazi era. Nor is it a convincing psychological study of a dictator. Like much of Molière's comedy, it is only sporadically funny. But as part of Germany's effort to come to terms with its Nazi past, it will make audiences—and not just German ones—think afresh about how such criminal buffoons could arrogate power.
This article appeared in the Culture section of the print edition under the headline "Mentioning the war"
From the January 13th 2007 edition
Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contentsExplore the edition
Amid a deepening crisis with China, a radical performance complex adds kudos to Taiwan’s cultural scene
A TV drama celebrates both female and black players
T.J. English shows how gangsters nurtured the careers of musical greats | <urn:uuid:6ebe24ff-da79-4488-86bf-c27eb053ba47> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2007/01/11/mentioning-the-war | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.96432 | 679 | 1.953125 | 2 |
15 Some people came from Judea and started teaching the Lord’s followers that they could not be saved, unless they were circumcised as Moses had taught. 2 This caused trouble, and Paul and Barnabas argued with them about this teaching. So it was decided to send Paul and Barnabas and a few others to Jerusalem to discuss this problem with the apostles and the church leaders.
3 The men who were sent by the church went through Phoenicia and Samaria, telling how the Gentiles had turned to God. This news made the Lord’s followers very happy. 4 When the men arrived in Jerusalem, they were welcomed by the church, including the apostles and the leaders. They told them everything God had helped them do. 5 But some Pharisees had become followers of the Lord. They stood up and said, “Gentiles who have faith in the Lord must be circumcised and told to obey the Law of Moses.”
6 The apostles and church leaders met to discuss this problem about Gentiles. 7 They had talked it over for a long time, when Peter got up and said:
My friends, you know that God decided long ago to let me be the one from your group to preach the good news to the Gentiles. God did this so that they would hear and obey him. 8 He knows what is in everyone’s heart. And he showed that he had chosen the Gentiles, when he gave them the Holy Spirit, just as he had given his Spirit to us. 9 God treated them in the same way that he treated us. They put their faith in him, and he made their hearts pure.
10 Now why are you trying to make God angry by placing a heavy burden on these followers? This burden was too heavy for us or our ancestors. 11 But our Lord Jesus was kind to us, and we are saved by faith in him, just as the Gentiles are.
12 Everyone kept quiet and listened as Barnabas and Paul told how God had given them the power to work a lot of miracles and wonders for the Gentiles.
13 After they had finished speaking, James said:
My friends, listen to me! 14 Simon Peter has told how God first came to the Gentiles and made some of them his own people. 15 This agrees with what the prophets wrote,
16 “I, the Lord, will return
David’s fallen house.
I will build it from its ruins
and set it up again.
17 Then other nations
will turn to me
and be my chosen ones.
I, the Lord, say this.
18 I promised it long ago.”
19 And so, my friends, I don’t think we should place burdens on the Gentiles who are turning to God. 20 We should simply write and tell them not to eat anything that has been offered to idols. They should be told not to eat the meat of any animal that has been strangled or that still has blood in it. They must also not commit any terrible sexual sins.
21 We must remember that the Law of Moses has been preached in city after city for many years, and every Sabbath it is read when we Jews meet. | <urn:uuid:4159305d-9481-4c82-bc7a-e48d60056f60> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.grove.org/readings/acts-151-21 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.990278 | 668 | 1.664063 | 2 |
New South Wales has recorded its eleventh monkeypox case since the outbreak reached Australia with fears the virus is now being transmitted locally.
While nine cases are likely to have been acquired overseas, it's likely two may have been acquired in Australia, with health officials warning residents to be vigilant.
More than 1600 cases of the viral disease have now been reported by 39 countries, with Europe at the epicentre.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has confirmed it’s looking into whether the disease could be sexually transmitted after the virus was found in the semen of patients.
NSW Health’s Executive Director of Health Protection Dr Jeremy McAnulty said people need to be on alert for monkeypox symptoms now local transmission may be occurring, especially among men who have sex with men.
"People need to be aware of the symptoms of monkeypox, which can include fever, headache, body aches and a rash or lesions on the genital area," Dr McAnulty said.
But he warned that NSW cases so far have not presented the same way people would expect, such as an extensive rash or lesions all over the body.
“It could just be a couple of what seem to be pimples in the genital area or buttocks, so people need to pay careful attention to any potential symptoms," he said.
Cases rising in Australia
Monkeypox is a rare viral infection previously associated with travel to Central and West Africa.
However, thousands of cases of monkeypox have been reported from several countries that are not endemic for the virus this year, including several European countries and the United States. Many of the cases are men who have sex with men.
"Most of our cases to date have presented to sexual health clinics, rather than GPs," Dr McAnulty said.
"The virus is mainly spread through skin to skin contact with the lesions or rarely through close contact with large respiratory droplets from a person early on in their infection.
"It is important that people with symptoms avoid close contact with others, including sexual activity, as condoms are not effective at preventing the transmission of monkeypox."
Those showing symptoms are advised to wear a mask as a precaution and contact a GP or sexual health advisor immediately.
Symptoms usually begin seven to 14 days after exposure and most people recover within a few weeks, according to NSW Health.
Last week, South Australia reported its first case of monkeypox. Victoria has also seen as many as five cases.
While Western Australia had its first brush with monkeypox last month after an infected person spent four days roaming around Perth before they flew back to the UK where they were diagnosed three days later.
Do you have a story tip? Email: firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:71a90d30-bb9d-43e8-a9d6-dc4d5da016b0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://au.news.yahoo.com/fears-monkeypox-spreading-australia-225623334.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.9768 | 563 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Step 2: You get loads of day without work. As someone who has weekends, nonetheless nonetheless has to work all summer, many holidays, has no spring break, and plenty of others. Let me let you recognize this: take pleasure in it while you can. As a result of that is one of many points that you just simply won’t have, though life after excessive school actually is best. It’s true: you d miss on a regular basis off. Savor it. Excessive School is driving me crazy!!! Particularly this 12 months as a result of it is my junior 12 months. I’ve come very near losing it, but attempt very arduous to not. I carry a 5 inch binder to and from school and still have finished loads of all nighters and late nights. The bottom quantity of sleep I have ever had this year has been 30 minutes. I then drive to school the following day, surviving on espresso and witts. I’m not taking AP and I need to be a observe engineer for the Union Pacific Railroad. I am moreover trying to turn out to be an Eagle Scout.
Since dancing requires you to make flexible bone and muscle actions in virtually every route. This helps in strengthening these skeletal options and helps to hold you physique an excellent shape. As well as, you learn the talents of balancing, coordination of varied physique components and reaming in the fitting physique posture at all times. The Pinnacle Online High School is tuition free, accredited, Arizona public structure school, serving school students in grades 6-12. Our school gives the very best quality instructional expertise, outstanding curriculum, and highly certified lecturers to school college students and households in search of a extra versatile expertise than within the conventional school. By finding out what to search for, recognizing the indications out of your little one and talking to her, understanding the issue and being sympathetic, and appearing in the relevant means, it’s best to be capable of put an end to a totally depressing part of your kid’s life.
They’re like an enormous Lord of the Flies.
It’s understandable to concern to start out out at an entry-level place if you change careers as an grownup. You might not feel like you’ve gotten the will or the time to take motion. Nonetheless, having a stage beneath your belt won’t lower than provide you with some leverage to shoot for higher positions in that new discipline. I didn’t know I used to be going to deal with school my youngsters, however after years as a teacher and sending my youngsters to school, I changed my mind. I love house schooling with my kids, really we unschool, which is a philosophy adopted from John Holt. Unschooling does not merely apply to academic subjects; it’s a life-style. We dwell and be taught as a household , subjects aren’t separated they stream collectively naturally. We comply with our hearts and be taught what we’re prepared and eager to review. We perception our children will be taught every part that is of value to them. Briefly, the kid can study as a person, with an individualized schedule.
A number of objections are raised for homeschooling.
Books. 1.Dimensions Jehat and a couple of. Color of Valley Dasht Rang. These books are related to the fiction and poetry produced by the expatriate writers within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. As of late he’s working In DAELIM Saudi Arabia as an QVD TECHNICAL ASSIST. He likes to learn and write things that are helpful to the mankind. He has given a relentless and extended thought on the mystery of the Univrese. Life is an excellent thriller for him. Dr.Equbal Wajid’s ambition is to hold hope and therapeutic to individuals and households in every single place on the planet. He’s the daddy of eight youngsters. The sooner you possibly can ace these 10 research suggestions for secondary school, the happier you can be in both secondary school and life. I coined the time interval “lazy tongue,” which principally speaks for itself. When the affected person makes an attempt to talk, plainly the tongue is lazy and twisted. It merely does not transfer quick enough to enunciate what is spoken resulting in slurred speech and or stuttering.
You aren’t paying for his title and getting positioned with an unknown artist. Maybe probably essentially the most easily ignored drawback to taking the multilingual path is that it requires additional effort on the a part of the parents. Elevating a multilingual teenager is a dedication. Homeschooling turns into much more simpler for these sorts of particular faculty students. Moreover it’s thought of an essential help for fogeys too. | <urn:uuid:cd89458e-4ddc-4d95-9aa7-682e52f1fdf3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thongtinkhoedep.com/whispered-school-think-secrets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.958577 | 993 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Looking back over the past three million years, the earth has experienced at least 30 periods of ice age, known as ice age pulses. The periods in between are called interglacials.
“We are probably entering a new ice age right now,” says researcher Lars Franzén, Professor of Physical Geography at the University of Gothenburg. “However, we’re not noticing it due to the effects of carbon dioxide.”
Professor Franzén and three other researchers have published their findings in the journal Mires and Peat.
The researchers believe that the Little Ice Age of the 16th to 18th centuries may have been halted as a result of human activity. Increased felling of woodlands and growing areas of agricultural land, combined with the early stages of industrialisation, resulted in increased emissions of carbon dioxide which probably slowed down, or even reversed, the cooling trend.
“It is certainly possible that mankind’s various activities contributed towards extending our ice age interval by keeping carbon dioxide levels high enough,” explains Professor Franzén. “Without the human impact, the inevitable progression towards an ice age would have continued. The spread of peatlands is an important factor.”
Peatlands act as carbon sinks, meaning that they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. They are a dynamic landscape element and currently cover around four percent of the earth’s land area. Most peatlands are found in temperate areas north and south of the 45th parallel.
Around 16 percent of Sweden is covered by peatland. Peatlands grow in height and spread across their surroundings by waterlogging woodlands. They are also one of the biggest terrestrial sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Each year, around 20 grams of carbon are absorbed by every square metre of peatland.
“By using the National Land Survey of Sweden’s altitude database, we have calculated how much of Sweden could be covered by peatlands during an interglacial. We have taken a maximum terrain incline of three degrees as our upper limit, and have also excluded all lakes and areas with substrata that are unsuitable for peatland formation.”
The researchers found that around half of Sweden’s surface could be covered by peat. In such a case, the carbon dioxide sink would increase by a factor of between six and ten compared with the current situation.
“If we accept that rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere lead to an increase in global temperature, the logical conclusion must be that reduced levels lead to a drop in temperature.”
The relationship between carbon dioxide and temperature is not linear. Instead, lower levels result in a greater degree of cooling than the degree of warming achieved by a corresponding increase.
“There have been no emissions of fossil carbon during earlier interglacials. Carbon sequestration in peatland may therefore be one of the main reasons why ice age conditions have occurred time after time.”
Using calculations for Swedish conditions, the researchers are also producing a rough estimate of the global carbon sink effect if all temperate peatlands were to grow in the same way.
“Our calculations show that the peatlands could contribute towards global cooling equivalent to five watts per square metre. There is a great deal of evidence to suggest that we are near the end of the current interglacial.”
1. Franzén, L.G., F. Lindberg, V. Viklander & A. Walther (2012) The potential peatland extent and carbon sink in Sweden, as related to the Peatland / Ice Age Hypothesis. Mires and Peat 10(8):1-19. http://www.mires-and-peat.net/map10/map_10_08.pdf | <urn:uuid:fb5dec6d-96b3-44af-a462-397fb1213857> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.expertsvar.se/en/pressmeddelanden/carbon-dioxide-our-salvation-from-a-future-ice-age/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952823 | 788 | 4.1875 | 4 |
Objectives: Although chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) may lead to the development of cirrhosis and its complications, little data are available on progression to the decompensated stage in a hetereogeneous population. Our aims were to characterize the burden of HCV-related decompensated cirrhosis on the national health care system in Scotland in terms of hospital admissions and length of stay, and to estimate the associations between epidemiological variables and time to the first hospital admission/death with mention of decompensated cirrhosis.
Methods: We carried out a record-linkage study of 20 969 individuals diagnosed with hepatitis C through laboratory testing between 1991 and 30 June 2006, whose records were linked to the Scottish Morbidity Records hospital discharge database and to national HIV databases.
Results: Nine hundred and ninety-five individuals were admitted to hospital and 63 individuals died with first-time mention of decompensated cirrhosis during follow-up (median 5.2 years). The number of new cases increased over the period 1996-2005, with an average annual change of 11% [95% confidence interval (CI): 8-13]. The relative risk of developing decompensated cirrhosis was greater for men (hazard ratio = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.7), for those coinfected with HIV (hazard ratio = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4-3.3), for those with a prior alcohol-related admission, fitted as a time-dependent covariate (hazard ratio = 5.5, 95% CI: 4.6-6.6) and for those aged 30 years or older (30-39 years: hazard ratio = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.4-5.8; 40-49 years: hazard ratio = 10.0, 95% CI: 6.5-15.6; 50-59 years: hazard ratio = 20.6, 95% CI: 12.9-32.9, 60 years or older: hazard ratio = 37.4, 95% CI: 22.8-61.3).
Conclusion: The burden from HCV-infected individuals developing cirrhotic complications is increasing because of the advancing age of this population. On account of the synergistic effect of HCV and excessive alcohol consumption on the development of liver disease, it is essential that policy-makers address alcohol intake when allocating resources for the management of HCV infection. | <urn:uuid:9738be09-9aed-4aa6-990a-ebc7d268b857> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19773667/?dopt=Abstract | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.927904 | 514 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Everyday life is defined and characterised by the rise, transformation and fall of social practices. Using terminology that is both accessible and sophisticated, this essential book guides the reader through a multi-level analysis of this dynamic.
In working through core propositions about social practices and how they change the book is clear and accessible; real world examples, including the history of car driving, the emergence of frozen food, and the fate of hula hooping, bring abstract concepts to life and firmly ground them in empirical case-studies and new research.
Demonstrating the relevance of social theory for public policy problems, the authors show that the everyday is the basis of social transformation addressing questions such as:how do practices emerge, exist and die?what are the elements from which practices are made?how do practices recruit practitioners?how are elements, practices and the links between them generated, renewed and reproduced?
Precise, relevant and persuasive this book will inspire students and researchers from across the social sciences.
Chapter 2: Making and Breaking Links
Making and Breaking Links
We begin our analysis of the dynamics of social practice with two deceptively simple propositions. The first is that social practices consist of elements that are integrated when practices are enacted. The second is that practices emerge, persist and disappear as links between their defining elements are made and broken.
The contention that people are routinely engaged in making and breaking links of one kind or another is not particularly controversial. John Law writes about ‘heterogenous engineers’ (1987), who assemble ‘bits and pieces from the social, the technical, the conceptual and the textual’ so as to make sets of equally heterogeneous ‘products’ including scientific products, along with institutions, organizations, computing systems, economies and technologies (1992). And in anthropology, Appadurai's ... | <urn:uuid:9df75ab2-e2c5-4e1b-afa5-63388ad9aa06> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sk.sagepub.com/books/the-dynamics-of-social-practice/n2.xml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.929394 | 382 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Beautiful staging and drawing is evident in these animation drawings from the film Robin Hood.
Except for Prince John, who was brilliantly handled by Ollie Johnston, the images are from scenes by Milt Kahl. (Mother Church Mouse is a model sheet, drawn by Milt).
The animation doesn’t have the energy we see in the anthropomorphic animals from Song of the South, but these characters live in a different world, and the situations within the story call for more subtle acting. Milt recalled that even though Robin Hood is a fox, he is the equivalent of a handsome hero type, so his actions and expressions needed to reflect that.
Ollie had a great time animating Prince John and Sir Hiss, two characters with rich vocals that helped to establish them as entertaining, comic villains.
My favorite character design from the film is probably Lady Kluck, Maid Marian’s lady-in-waiting. I love the simplicity of her silhouette, her sharp beak and the way her wings articulate human gestures.
This is an appealing cast that deserved to be placed in a better story.
When Ward Kimball (who was not involved with the film) saw an early screening of Robin Hood, he complained to Frank and Ollie: ”How on earth can you tell this story without having Robin Hood save Maid Marian from the clutches of Prince John?”
Nevertheless, as a much less critical kid I enjoyed watching this film a lot when it was first released in 1973.
There are many previous posts about Robin Hood, the most unique one would have to be this interview with Milt Kahl: | <urn:uuid:b3c25bcf-b5a1-4c3c-bd8e-d74a7ad581f9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://andreasdeja.blogspot.com/2014/07/robin-hood-character-moments.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959265 | 369 | 1.757813 | 2 |
A statutory register for children out of school
Supporting children with SEND and home education
Assessment of a ‘suitable’ education
Better data on outcomes
A level playing field on access to examinations
The Committee’s inquiry
The legal framework for Elective Home Education (EHE) in England
Why do parents choose to home educate?
2 What do we know about children who are home-educated?
Elective Home Education: what data do we have?
Increasing numbers of children receiving EHE
The “covid increase”
Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)
A statutory register for children in EHE
Arguments against a statutory register
Arguments for a statutory register
The Government’s position
Inclusion, off-rolling and unregistered schools
3 Elective Home Education: Local Authorities and support
Local Authority powers
Government consultation and guidance
Visibility of EHE in wider guidance
The potential role for inspection
More consistent support from local authorities, including for children with SEND
4 Outcomes, assessment and exams for children receiving EHE
What do we know about outcomes?
Conclusions and recommendations
Appendix 1: Letter to the Secretary of State for Education, 3 December
Appendix 2: Fundamental British Values, as defined in Government guidance
Published written evidence
List of Reports from the Committee during the current Parliament
Published: 26 July 2021 | <urn:uuid:c85fa796-536b-4da3-9257-302b9685041e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5802/cmselect/cmeduc/84/8402.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.879171 | 326 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Were you recently in a fender bender?
If your bumper has seen better days, you’re probably wondering about bumper repair cost.
Several decades ago, repairing a bumper wasn’t a big deal. It involved unscrewing a couple of bolts and hammering out some metal. (Okay, maybe it was a little more complex than that.)
But today, this sort of repair is considerably more involved.
The Bumper Repair Process
When you take your car into a bump shop such as Sudden Impact Auto Body & Collision Repair Specialists, you can expect a number of things to happen.
First, the technician will inspect your bumper to determine the extent of the damage. He or she will take note of what needs to be done. They will also be aware of systems that may be integrated into the bumper including lights, warning signals, air intakes, and airbag sensors.
They’ll then remove the bumper to fix it. They’ll need to disconnect all of the above systems in order to work on it. Once removed, the next step is to get rid of any scratches, dents, holes, or cracks. The affected area will be smoothed out with specialized tools and they’ll hit the area with a fresh coat of paint.
Finally, they’ll replace the repaired bumper by fastening it onto your car’s brackets.
Bumper Repair Cost
As you may have guessed, removing the bumper and all the system parts of those integrated systems can take 2 – 3 hours. Possibly more. Given the average labor cost is $50-100 per hour, you’re getting an idea of what you can expect to spend.
There are several types of repairs:
1. Holes or Punctures
Holes or punctures can be pretty labor-intensive. The technician is required to smooth out the affected area and then use a strong adhesive to repair the hole or puncture that is behind the bumper.
As a result, this sort of repair will typically run in the $325 to $425 range.
2. Traditional Dent Repair
Pulling out a dent requires the use of specialized tools to smooth out the damaged area. The area is painted back to its original hue. This entire process usually takes three to four hours and can cost between $300 and $450.
3. Paintless Dent Repair
If your dent occurred without damaging the paint, then you’ll need Paintless Dent Repair (PDR). It’s essentially the same process as traditional dent repair, but without the extra step of painting.
Since the process is not as involved, the average cost for this repair is between $250 and $350.
Did your bumper sustain a crack? If it’s relatively minor, the technician will fill it in with plastic filler and carefully sand the area down until it’s smooth. You can expect to pay between $325 and $425.
A bumper with a scrape or scratch will need to be buffed out and sanded down by a professional. Depending on how much work it is to remove the bumper, it will likely run in the $250- $350 range.
Need Bumper Repair?
Are you looking to get your bumper back to its original condition? Now that you have an idea of bumper repair cost, you’re good to go! So don’t hesitate because your bumper is important.
And for more great articles on cars and transportation, keep checking back with our blog. | <urn:uuid:f67fb737-8de1-42e4-891c-420079a087d8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.side.cr/how-much-does-car-bumper-repair-cost-on-average/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.941618 | 738 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Methods for Successful Via the internet Relationships
Internet connections are romantic relationships https://datinganalyzer.com/mail-order-brides established between several people who 1st met over the internet. These kinds of relationships could possibly be romantic or platonic and may be based upon business affairs. Whether they are romantic or platonic, the benefits and disadvantages of online relationships are not clear. Yet , many persons are pursuing these kinds of relationships being a viable means to fix meeting someone special. Here is some advice:
Earliest, be aware of the hazards of on line connections. Scammers and abusers will certainly receive an easier time pretending to be you. If you don’t secure your privateness and stay on top of your on-line activity, you can at risk with regards to scams and abuse. Furthermore, you’ll likely receive unsolicited conversation by complete other people. Finally, it could crucial to know that online human relationships have sufficient positive aspects and risks.
Online romances may be exciting and satisfying, however they can be risky, because they are often extremely personal and deceitful. Online romances can allow individuals to project their great selves. The “online other” can be much more attractive than their real-life counterpart. Web based relationships can also lead to unanswered, unreciprocated, unreturned love, although offline interactions can create a harmful environment for the couple. The sole solution to these kinds of problems should be to communicate, set up intimacy, and build expectations together with your online lovers.
Some other key tip is to understand that you can’t meet someone offline. While this is often a easier method to meet new comers, you have to be careful and stay aware of precisely what is already relating to the internet. Personal photos, school uniforms, quizzes, and private Instagram accounts may have all been distributed by unknown people. Be very careful with your http://www.druckerschwaerze.org/2020/08/25/is-sugar-relativism-bad/ personal information , nor post that about online dating single profiles. You can always get together offline later if you equally agree on it. | <urn:uuid:2707b0e8-bbf8-43cc-8edf-b13d27e14912> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://legendplayerball.com/methods-for-successful-via-the-internet-relationships/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946266 | 447 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Two-hundred seventy-two words. Ten sentences. Three minutes to deliver. Regarded by a majority as the greatest speech in American history.
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. It was delivered at the dedication of the Soldier’s National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on the afternoon of Thursday, November 19, 1863.
The president wasn’t the featured speaker at the dedication. Any of you history buffs know who was? Edward Everett, former representative, senator, and governor of Massachusetts, delivered the keynote address.
Everett’s talk lasted a full two-hours. Lincoln could say a lot in just a few words.
He is outdone by the apostle Paul. Using just a few words the apostle totally and completely presents the Gospel – the Good News of God’s salvation offered to mankind. You find the words in verses three and four of First Corinthians fifteen.
Think of it: The power to save a person for eternity can be delivered in about ten seconds.
It is my prayer we will marvel at the profound simplicity of the Gospel today as we work through this concise text. I’ll organize my comments around two points: #1 You’re To Express The Simplicity Of The Gospel, and #2 You’re To Experience The Stimulation Of The Gospel.
#1 – You’re To Express The Simplicity Of The Gospel (v1-4)
It’s always a good idea to try to understand why something was written in the first place. It keeps us from misreading the text or from reading into it our own biases.
The believers in Corinth had received the Gospel. They were saved. But some of them had embraced an incorrect view of the future resurrection of believers from the dead. Look at verse twelve for a moment:
1 Corinthians 15:12 Now if Christ is preached that He has been raised from the dead, how do some among you say that there is no resurrection of the dead?
They believed, that “Christ… has been raised from the dead.” But they were now saying that “there is no resurrection of the dead” for believers in Jesus Christ.
Paul wrote these verses to show them the logical inconsistency, and the spiritual absurdity, of their claim. Since Jesus has risen, so must His followers.
Knowing the context will help us get through a very difficult verse two right here at the beginning of the chapter.
1 Corinthians 15:1 Moreover, brethren, I declare to you the gospel which I preached to you, which also you received and in which you stand,
Paul had brought the Gospel to the city of Corinth. The ten second Gospel message, augmented by his teaching weekly in the synagogue, was the power of God unto salvation. Many had “received” and had a new “stand[ing]” in Jesus. God had justified them. They were saved.
Or were they? The next verse sounds troubling at first:
1 Corinthians 15:2 by which also you are saved, if you hold fast that word which I preached to you – unless you believed in vain.
Does Paul mean to say that salvation is a matter of my ability to “hold fast that word?” Some would say, “Yes,” but I don’t think that is what he meant here. He was not addressing the perseverance of the saints but, rather, the logical conclusion of their incorrect teaching about the future resurrection of believers.
It was commonly taught by the Greek intellectuals that a person’s soul, the immaterial part of him, was immortal, but that the body, the material part of him, was not. The Greeks rejected any thought of a physical resurrection of the body.
The believers in Corinth had begun to adopt the Greek philosophy that there was no future physical resurrection of the body. It was something they had allowed to creep in to the church from the world.
They were wrong:
In verses twelve through nineteen Paul will argue that if the dead are not raised then neither was Jesus raised.
Then, in verses twenty through twenty-eight he will argue that since Jesus has been raised, so will we.
Here, then, is what I think Paul was saying in verse two to the saints in Corinth. If you do not “hold fast that word which I preached to you” – that is, if you reject the future physical resurrection from the dead – then it logically follows that Jesus did not rise from the dead and therefore believing in Him is in vain.
If this idea about there being no future resurrection was correct, it reduced the Gospel to a lie that cannot save anyone. It was logically inconsistent and spiritually absurd.
This is a good example of why we need to read the verses preceding and following any Bible verse. Out of context, verse two makes it sound like we keep ourselves saved by persevering. But as I pointed out, Paul was not talking about perseverance, not at all.
Speaking of the Gospel, what is it? Here it comes, in some of the most beautifully concise language you will ever encounter.
1 Corinthians 15:3 For I delivered to you first of all that which I also received: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures,
1 Corinthians 15:4 and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures,
“First of all” means first in priority. Whatever else Paul taught from the Scriptures week-by-week and day-by-day, it was to expound upon the simplicity of the Gospel.
“Christ died for our sins.” “Christ” connects the historical person, Jesus, with all the many prophecies and promises in the Old Testament that God would send Israel the Anointed One – the Christ – their Messiah and the worlds Savior.
The fact “Christ died for our sins” presupposes a separation between God and man whose penalty was death. It lets us know that the problem with the world is sin.
“For our sins” tells you that Jesus Christ died as a Substitute, taking your place, to satisfy the penalty for sins.
“According to the Scriptures” reminds you that everything God has said in His Word was leading up to the death of Jesus Christ to save you from your sins. Beginning very early in Genesis and continuing all through the Old Testament you have the story of the Messiah and Savior being sent into the world while, in the mean time, lambs were offered as a temporary substitute for your sins. Then, one glorious moment in human history, Jesus stepped forward, the prophesied and promised Christ, and was declared by John the Baptist “the Lamb of God Who takes away the sins of the world.”
“He was buried” verifies that Jesus Christ was a real man in a real physical body. He died on the Cross and was “buried” as a corpse in the tomb.
“He rose again” in a real, physical body – a glorified body fit for eternity. He has been raised and lives forever.
“The third day” establishes that we are talking about the historic events that occurred in Jerusalem in the first century.
Again Paul said it was “according to the Scriptures.” The phrase modifies the fact that Jesus Christ was “raised.” It reminds us of the passages in the Old Testament, like Psalm twenty-two and Psalm sixteen and Psalm one hundred and ten, where the death, burial, and resurrection of the Messiah and Savior were prophesied and promised.
That’s it in the proverbial nutshell. “ [Jesus] Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and… He was buried, and… He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures.”
What I just delivered was 25 words. It can be recited in under 10 seconds. You can say more – a lot more – but it’s all prefigured in this masterful declaration of the Gospel.
Paul said he “delivered” what he had “received.” That word “received” is another word that summarizes so much. It tells us that the Gospel comes to us as a gift, by God’s grace. It cannot be discerned by human reason. It cannot be earned by human works. It is God’s free gift; it is all of grace. It is to be “received” by faith as you believe.
But it must be “delivered.” It reminds me of a telegram. Telegrams are short, concise messages that say something incredibly important. The person who delivers a telegram adds nothing to it; they only deliver it faithfully. Paul had received the Gospel and he delivered it. We receive it and then are to deliver it.
We have a tendency to want to explain the Gospel. For sure, we love the branch of theology callers Apologetics.
It comes from the Greek word apologia, a legal term meaning “defense.” It is the branch of Christian theology concerned with the intelligent presentation and defense of the historical Christian faith.
The Gospel itself is first something to deliver, not explain. It is wonderfully explainable. But we are to deliver it so it can be received.
In other words, be more like Abraham Lincoln than like Edward Everett.
Deliver what you received. Let the power reside in the Word of God and not your explanations. Say more if there is an open door or an ongoing dialog. It’s simply profound.
Pastor Chuck Smith often encouraged pastors to, “Simply preach the Word simply.” What we are saying today is to “Simply deliver the Gospel simply.”
#2 – You’re To Experience The Stimulation Of The Gospel (v5-11)
What would you guess is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug? It’s caffeine.
Caffeine is a psychoactive central nervous system stimulant. People talk about being buzzed, wired, or getting their caffeine fix. Coffee is called go juice; liquid energy; morning jolt; jitter juice.
A person might drink a strong cup of coffee, or a caffeine-loaded energy drink, to either sober up or to stay awake. It’s interesting that the Bible sometimes describes believers as needing to awaken from a spiritual lethargy. Or to sober up in these Last Days.
Our stimulant is the Gospel that saved and transforms us. The next few verses show the transformation the Gospel accomplishes, stimulating serving.
1 Corinthians 15:5 and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve.
1 Corinthians 15:6 After that He was seen by over five hundred brethren at once, of whom the greater part remain to the present, but some have fallen asleep.
1 Corinthians 15:7 After that He was seen by James, then by all the apostles.
We know “Cephas” better as the apostle Peter. If ever a man was transformed by the Gospel, it was Peter:
See him trembling at the fire, afraid of the testimony of a servant girl. Then see him bold to proclaim the Gospel to a scoffing crowd of many thousands on the Day of Pentecost.
See him flee from His Savior’s crucifixion only to ask later in life, according to church history, to be himself crucified upside down because he was not worthy to die in the same manner as His Lord and Master.
“The twelve” was the designation given by the early church to the original eleven disciples of Jesus and Matthias, who was properly chosen by lot to replace Judas. These misfits went on to turn the world upside down proclaiming the Gospel. They were best described as “ignorant [unlearned] men” who had been with Jesus.
We don’t know when or where “five hundred brethren” saw the risen Jesus Christ “at once.”
But again we would emphasize the radical transformation of the Gospel. After we are saved, we become part of a supernatural family, that is often stronger than our natural family. There is an incredible, supernatural union that takes place between those who receive the Gospel and believe.
Notice Paul’s passing mention that some of them had “fallen asleep.” Maybe he was anticipating an argument from those who denied the resurrection that believers were dying with no sign of being raised.
Sure, they had died, but it was more like being “asleep” because their spirits, conscious in Heaven, would be reunited with their resting bodies at the resurrection and rapture of the church.
Always bear in mind that these first century believers had few biblical resources. The Old Testament was not silent with regard to the physical resurrection, but it was hushed. It didn’t give much information.
As far as the New Testament, we have all twenty-seven books. According to one timeline I found, the only books (letters) written prior to First Corinthians were James, First and Second Thessalonians, and Galatians. It doesn’t mean they had any exposure to these letters. It does mean that most of what we call the New Testament was unavailable to them.
Believers today remain confused about the resurrection; how much more so the Corinthians. Add to that the lure of Greek philosophy, and you have a recipe for false teaching.
Jesus “was seen by James.” This “James” was the half-brother of Jesus, the son of Joseph and Mary. What is remarkable is that James and Jude and the others siblings of Jesus, who grew up with Him, did not believe in Him until after the resurrection. But then – what a transformation. James rose to a position of leadership in the Jerusalem church and wrote a letter that challenges believers to this day to walk in a manner worthy of Jesus.
“By all the apostles” tells us that there were others who were considered “apostles” in the first century.
Those guys went around establishing churches. They were stimulated to serve.
1 Corinthians 15:8 Then last of all He was seen by me also, as by one born out of due time.
1 Corinthians 15:9 For I am the least of the apostles, who am not worthy to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God.
The number one persecutor of Christians, Paul was transformed on the road to Damascus by an encounter with the risen Lord.
He refers to it as being “born out of due time.” His was an untimely birth. By this it seems Paul meant that he came later, that he lacked the advantages of the believers he just mentioned; yet God could, and did, call him into serving Him.
1 Corinthians 15:10 But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His grace toward me was not in vain; but I labored more abundantly than they all, yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me.
He came after the others, but his untimely birth was not a hindrance to his zeal.
“Grace,” “grace,” “grace.” It was all the gift of God. Yet grace stimulated a response from Paul – he “labored more abundantly than” all the rest.
Clearly he was not boasting. It was a known fact that Paul out-worked others. He took no credit.
1 Corinthians 15:11 Therefore, whether it was I or they, so we preach and so you believed.
The messenger is insignificant. Peter, James, the twelve, the other apostles, the five hundred – all had received the same Gospel and all delivered it to others.
The Gospel stimulated Paul, and these others he mentioned, to “labor more abundantly.” It can sound like a contradiction. If it’s all of grace, how can you talk about how much you’re doing for God?
It was no contradiction for Paul. Grace was so real to him that it propelled him, redirecting all of his natural energies towards serving Jesus.
We are definitely not talking about doing works of righteousness by which we consider ourselves more spiritual than others. We’re not talking about lists of “do’s” and “don’ts” that set us apart from others and make us appear more spiritual.
We are talking about the bent, the passion, of our heart. I “labor more abundantly” for Jesus because of what He has done and is continuing to do in me.
That’s why we try to talk to believers more about what God has done and is doing for them than what they ought to be doing for God.
Here is another way of looking at it. Does my understanding of grace make me lazy? Am I cruising through life, taking advantage of God’s abundance while giving Him my pittance? If so, I do not understand His grace at all.
Bottom line: Because of His grace I should always be doing more for God, not less, until He calls me home. I don’t do it out of duty but from devotion.
Paul could honestly say, “I labor more abundantly.” Do I labor “more” abundantly? Or “less” abundantly?
If your answer is “less,” don’t just do more. Don’t start there. You’ll only get discouraged.
Draw closer to the Lord. Enter in to a deeper understanding of His grace in your life.
Think hard upon the Gospel which was delivered to you, and which you received.
Be stimulated by what Jesus has done for you. | <urn:uuid:47846637-b9e7-4ef4-befb-4711be32b97c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://transcript.calvaryhanford.com/bible-studies/loves-labors-launched-1-corinthians-151-11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.97496 | 3,737 | 2.03125 | 2 |
I work in politics. I’ve worked campaigns. I vote – always. I discuss politics with friends and voice my opinions. I have had occasion to blog about things I’m very passionate about.
The section of the book I am currently reading has included a lot of discussion about Barack Obama’s speech to schoolchildren and the parents who were furious about such a thing. This is the politics of hate. The politics of us vs them – you’re either with us or against us. One essay writer pointed out: “This is the President…”
The country voted, someone came out on top, respect the office, respect the choice of your fellow voters, even if you don’t like the result.
Here in Canada we have a government and we have an opposition. The government introduces legislation, the opposition opposes it, debate ensues.
Except not any more.
Our government has decided that they don’t want to debate so they don’t have to. They are put time limits on the amount of debate there can be on virtually every bill going through the House of Commons. Where there is still debate – in house committees – the government side has decided to take things in camera.
When any of the opposition parties questions legislation the government side gets angry with the for opposing. The opposition. Yeah.
All of this means that the Canadians who did not vote for the party currently in power are not getting the chance to be heard and all Canadians no longer have access to information about how decisions are being made.
And the sad fact is that a lot of us are not paying enough attention to realize or care, but we should.
If I had my way, people would give up the ‘us against them’ hatred and learn more about the process. | <urn:uuid:8ee79520-98de-460e-b253-d3e55af517fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.amyboughner.ca/2012/02/27/so-political/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.975958 | 374 | 1.867188 | 2 |
In this assignment, you are requested to write a simple word index program. The program will record the position of words in text files in a directory and then offer to retrieve the positions of a given word. The program should be named WordIndex. Your program will read a set of commands from a given file. The program should execute these commands sequentially. Such commands would first request to read all the words of the available text files and insert them into a map data structure. Then, search for a given word, add the words of a new file, remove a file from the list of words, or print a summary the word index. The command file name is given as argument on the command line. The directory containing the text files is called TextFiles. In this assignment you will implement and compare (experimentally) a linked list based and a hash table based map for storing these word positions.
Provisional and Indicative Timing Guidelines Step 1: Week 4 (after lecture on Maps) develop your linked list based map, implement and test the indexing and searching for a word Step 2: Week 5 (after lecture on Hash Tables) develop your hash table based map (you can first implement linear probing collision handling before later changing to a double hashing), implement and test the removing of files from the map, the sorting of the output, and the summary Step 3: Week 6 finalise your double hashing collision handling, run tests, run comparison of list-based and hash-table-based implementations, finalise your report 2 Implementation You are to implement the program based on a map, let us call it M. You will use map M for storing the words that appear in the text files with their positions (file names and line numbers).After storing all the words in M, the program should process the commands for searching for a word, adding a new file, removing an indexed file, display summary of the index. Notice that a word could occur several times in a file, the search result should display first the file where the word occurs the most, and all the lines in that file where it occurs by ascending order. 3 Input and output Your program will read its commands from one input file given as argument to the program. The input is composed of a sequence of lines where each line is a Word Index command. A class WordTxtReader which will read words one by one from a file and indicate its positions is provided. The class should be used both to read the commands and the words in the text files. See comments in the file WordTxtReader.java for the usage. Note that the class will discard any character which is neither a letter (a-z or A-Z) nor a number (0-9). The program will return a lowercase version of each word. The commands, their syntax and suggested outputs are as follows: Adding to the map the words of all the files addall Adds to the map the words and their positions in each files for all the files in the .txt in the TextFiles folder. An example of a TextFiles directory is given containing the text version of the lectures of the course (lect*.txt). Input: addall Suggested output: 27073 entries have been indexed from 16 files Searching for a word search nb word Search for a word in the text files that have been indexed. The output should be by order of most occurrence in a file, and should be limited to the number of file given as argument (nb). Example input: search 3 algorithms Suggested output: The word “algorithms” occurs 76 times in 7 files: 7 times in lect15.txt (lines 21, 86, 94, 95, 233, 278, 402) 6 times in lect00.txt (lines 16, 54, 121, 139, 147, 173) 5 times in lect02.txt (lines 57, 165, 212, 869, 1094) Adding to the map the words of a given file add filename Adds to the map the words and their positions in the given file. Note that the text file needs to be placed in TextFiles as the program will only read files from that directory. So for example, the command add file example.txt will read and insert to the map all the words and their positions in the file TextFiles/example.txt. Example input: add example.txt Suggested output: 15 entries have been indexed from file “example.txt” Removing in the map the word positions from a given file remove filename Removes from the map the positions of words from the given file. If a word has no more positions associated with it, it is removed from the map. Note that the file itself should not be removed from the TextFiles directory. Example input: remove example.txt Suggested output: 15 entries have been removed from file “example.txt” Overview of the Word Index overview Prints a summary of the number of indexed words, indexed positions and indexed files. Suggested output: Overview: number of words: 1304 number of positions: 954 number of files: 20 4 Classes and Interfaces WordIndex (class to complete) This is the class which contains the main program. You have to write most of the main program, the code in WordIndex.java currently reads the command line arguments (file names). The name must stay the same, WordIndex. In the version that you submit, you should be using the hash table map implementation. The linked list based implementation should be used only for comparison with the hash table implementation. IWordMap (interface provided) The interface your map should implement (both the linked list based map and the hash table based map). WordException (class to implement) This exception should be thrown by your map in case of unexpected conditions, see classes HashWordMap and ListWordMap for cases in which to throw this exception. WordTxtReader (class provided) This class provides a facility for reading words from a file. See section 3 for information. IPosition and WordPosition (interface and class provided) These interface and class represent a word position in a file. ListWordMap (class to implement) This class implements a map based on linked list. You can use Java’s build in LinkedList class by using java.util.LinkedList. This class must implement the provided IWordMap interface. You must implement the following public methods, and all the other methods which you might implement for this class must be private. Also any member variables must be private. public ListWordMap() Constructor for the class public void addPos(String word, IPosition pos) This method adds a new position to an entry of the map. It creates the entry if word is not already present in the map. public void removeWord(String word) throws WordException This method removes from the map the entry for word. Throws exception if word is not present in the map. public void removePos(String word, IPosition pos) throws WordException This method removes from the map position for word. Throws exception if word is not present in the map or if word is not associated to the given position. public Iterator words() This method returns an Iterator over all words in the map. The iteration1 is over objects of class String. public Iterator positions(String word) throws WordException This method returns an Iterator1 over all positions of word. The iteration is over objects of class IPosition. Throws exception if word is not present in the map. public int numberOfEntries() This method returns the number of entries stored in the map. IHashMonitor (interface provided) This is an interface your hash table based map should implement. HashWordMapProvidedTest (class provided) This contains unit test cases which we will use to test your hash table implementation. Compile and run it once you have implemented your HashWordMap class. It will run some tests on your hash table and will let you know which tests are passed/failed by your hash table. Read the source code of this class to understand what each test if doing and to fix your implementation in case of failed tests. To get the full score on the assignment, you must pass all the tests. HashWordMapProvidedExp (class provided) This program will run some experiments to display the number of probes depending on the max load factor of your hash table based map implementation. HashWordMap (class to implement) This class implements a map based on hash table, and should implement the provided IWordMap interface. It should also implement the IHashMonitor interface implement the methods needed by HashWordMapProvidedTest. You should use open addressing with double hashing strategy. Start with an initial hash table of size 13. Increase its size to the next prime number at least twice larger than the current array size (which is N) when the load factor gets larger than the maximum allowed load factor (maximum allowed load factor is to be given to the constructor to the hash table). You must design your hash function so that it produces few collisions. You should implement the following constructors. public HashWordMap() A constructor for the class which sets the maximum load factor to 0.5. public HashWordMap(float maxLoadFactor) A constructor for the class which allows to set the maximum load factor at construction time. You must implement the following public methods, and all other methods which you might implement for this class must be private. Any member variables must also be private. public void addPos(String word, IPosition pos) This method adds a new position to an entry of the map. It creates the entry if word is not already present in the map. public void removeWord(String word) throws WordException This method removes from the map the entry for word. Throws exception if word is not present in the map. public void removePos(String word, IPosition pos) throws WordException This method removes from the map position for word. Throws exception if word is not present in the map or if word is not associated to the given position. public Iterator words() This method returns an Iterator over all words in the map. The iteration1 is over objects of class String. public Iterator positions(String word) throws WordException This method returns an Iterator1 over all positions of word. The iteration is over objects of class IPosition. Throws exception if word is not present in the map. public int numberOfEntries() This method returns the number of entries stored in the map. public float getMaxLoadFactor() This method returns the maximum authorised load factor. public float getLoadFactor() This method returns the current load factor. public float averNumProbes() This method returns an average number of probes performed by your hash table so far. You should count the total number of operations performed by the hash table (each of find, insert, remove count as one operation, do not count any other operations) and also the total number of probes performed so far by the hash table. When averNumProbes() is called, it should return (float) numberOfProbes/numberOfOperations. As you decrease the maximum allowed load factor, the average number of probes should go down. When you run the HashWordMapProvidedTest program, it will run your hash table at different load factors and will print out the average probe numbers versus the running time. If you see that the average probe number goes up as the max load factor goes up, you are probably computing probes/implementing hash table correctly. You can implement any other methods that you want, but they must be declared as private methods. public int hashCode(String s) This method returns the hash code as an integer of a given string. You have to use the polynomial accumulation hash code for strings we talked about in class. Note that you can implement any auxiliary methods that you need to help you implement this method, but they must be declared as private methods. You should not use Java’s .hashCode method. ListWordMapTest and HashWordMapTest (classes to implement) These classes should contain jUnit 4 test cases2 that you used to test your ListWordMap class and HashWordMap class implementations. Tests that are focusing on the map methods can appear in both testing classes. Cases in HashWordMapTest could also test the behaviour of your hash table map with regards to the maximum and current load factors. You could combine the following strategies to write your test cases: • Write one test per branch of your program (testing that each if-branches or each loop-condition behaves as you expect), this is to ensure your test cases to cover most cases. • Write tests for borderline cases like when trying to remove an entry from an empty map, or adding an empty word. • When you notice that your program had bug, write a test case to test that you have properly fixed the problem. This will help you not repeat the bug later (this is called a non-regression test). 5 Hash Table vs. Linked List Map Implementation Text files containing Shakespeare’s work (from Project Gutenberg3) of different sizes (01-MND.txt, . . . , 06-KR3-MND.txt) are provided in a second TextFiles Shakespeare directory. Run your program with this directory using a command.txt file argument containing the commands addall and search 3 Hermia to check your Word Index programme. Get the running time using after each file’s words/positions are added to to the map with the Java method: System.currentTimeMillis(). Note that this method will return the current time, NOT the running time from the start of the program. Therefore, to get the total time (in milliseconds) your program took to complete, you should measure the current time at the very start of the program, then at the very end, and subtract the two. Since what changes between the different runs is the size of the text file, we should plot the running time vs. the size of the text file, that is the number of words in the text file. Count the number of words in each text file and plot, on the same chart, the number of words versus the running time for the list and for the hash based map implementations. The running time is essentially the time it takes to insert all the dictionary words, since the second command is only for searching the word Hermia. When we insert a word into a map, we also have to check if that word is already in the map. For a hash table, checking and inserting is expected to take a constant amount of time, and therefore inserting all elements in the map should take a linear time. For a linked list, inserting is constant amount of time, but checking if the element is already in the list is linear amount of time, and therefore inserting all elements in the map should take quadratic time. Thus hash table based implementation running time plot should resemble a linear function, linked list based implementation should resemble a quadratic function.
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By sending us your money, you buy the service we provide. Check out our terms and conditions if you prefer business talks to be laid out in official language.Read more | <urn:uuid:0ad420eb-6481-4a3f-8eb4-65817a9ccdf7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://originalpapers.org/java-word-index-information-systems/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.87957 | 3,299 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Aromatherapy for stress and mood enhancement is one of the most well known uses of essential oils. Lavender is the most popular choice for stress reduction. A study done at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Hospital in New York showed improvement in the well-being of patients that were given lavender aromatherapy versus patients that were given a massage or rest. Another study published in Holistic Nurse Practice in March 2008 showed that nurses who used lavender aromatherapy perceived lower levels of stress. Other essential oils that can be helpful for stress or enhancing mood are geranium, chamomile, clary sage, and neroli.
The immune boosting properties of essential oils are numerous. Oils can be diffused into the air to clean and detoxify the air naturally. Diffusion of oils can reduce the number of pathogens in the air meaning that you are breathing in less germs. In addition, essential oils can actually improve the way the body does respond to pathogens when they are encountered. Numerous studies have shown the antiviral effects of essential oils by improving the ability of lymphocytes to take care of invaders and also by changing the membrane potential on our cells to help prevent viruses from entering. Essential oils that can be used to help prevent infection include eucalyptus, oregano, lemon, and cinnamon.
Essential oils are often used for pain management
They can be used to reduce inflammation, give a local anesthesia, give a counter stimulus, reduce spasm, and create a sensation of cooling or warming depending on which oil is chosen. A classic case of pain management through essential oils is in labor and childbirth. Midwives have used essential oils for years to help laboring women deal with contractions. Research has shown that a lavender bath in early labor improved labor progress and decreased the need for pain medication. Pain relief for the mother directly affects the baby too; a case study published in the International Journal of Aromatherapy showed that use of aroma therapeutic massage during episodes of fetal distress actually normalized fetal heart rates. Chronic and acute pain not associated with labor also can be reduced with lavender as well as clary sage, chamomile, helichrysum, sweet marjoram, sandalwood, and vetiver.
Essential oils are a natural and effective way to help manage stress, boost mood, fight off infection, and deal with pain. (When choosing essential oils make sure to research contraindications as they are not always recommended for people with certain conditions).
Breaths comes in pairs except for two times in our lives – the beginning and the end. | <urn:uuid:937bd34f-8bec-4ed0-b2de-753331215d1e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sniffngoaromapods.com/smelling-blog/the-power-of-essential-oils | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.939933 | 546 | 2.40625 | 2 |
If someone asked you today; what is a billion? What would you tell them? Would you tell them that it is “a lot of money”?
In the past, corrupt officials in government used to steal in thousands, graduated to hundreds of thousands, moved into millions, and now have upgraded into looting billions.
Kenya loses at least one trillion shillings annually to corruption. This is a third of our national budget going into the pockets of a few individuals.
So, what is a billion? Is it just some loose change? Should Kenyans keep on ignoring whenever someone in government steals some “few billions”?
Here is a billion. 1,000,000,000. (A billion is one million thousand). If you have 1,000,000,000 shillings today, eating 10,000 shillings day, how many days would it take you to finish?
Using 10,000 a day, it will take you 100,000 days to finish it. How many years are these? That is at least 273 years. Therefore, if you had 1,000,000,000 shillings, and you used 10,000 shillings daily, I would take you 273 years to finish.
Here is another scenario on how to understand a billion shillings. A 1,000 shilling note measures 150mm in length. 1,000,000,000 has 1,000,000 thousands. Take 1,000,000 and multiply it with 150mm, you will get 150,000,000mm. How many centimeters are these? We divide it by 10 to get 15,000,000 centimeters. How many kilometers are these? We divide the 15,000,000 centimetres by 100,000. We get 150 kilometers. Therefore, If you arranged 1,000,000,000 shillings in 1,000 notes along a straight line, it will cover a distance of 150 kilometers.
People are actually not stealing billions but the future of a country. Kenya’s economy will only rise if corruption will be fought from all fronts. But is this possible? SMEs are shutting down, people are losing their jobs en masse and there is no one offering them any practical help.
Anyway, what does a billion mean to you? Ama ni pesa kidogo? | <urn:uuid:5ee3ceee-d250-4b46-84c0-6e4a23045d8a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kenyan-herald.com/breaking-down-a-billion-into-simple-consumable-terms-what-is-a-billion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959617 | 484 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Biblical Studies | Comparative Methodologies and Theories | Ethics in Religion | History of Religions of Eastern Origins | History of Religions of Western Origin | Other Religion | Religion | Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion
The soul may be thought of as that part of the personality that processes an individual’s highest values. Humanly this may also be thought of as the conscience, an integral part of the soul. This short essay suggests that a Christian has a wonderful secret life within him that must be managed to help him through the day-to-day challenges of life.
Massey, Homer, "Guided by Your Secret Life" (2009). Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary (1973-2015). 153.
Biblical Studies Commons, Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, Ethics in Religion Commons, History of Religions of Eastern Origins Commons, History of Religions of Western Origin Commons, Other Religion Commons, Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons | <urn:uuid:1019c05f-f0f7-4e91-88a2-72738e8734a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/lts_fac_pubs/153/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.846989 | 251 | 2.40625 | 2 |
A group of armed protesters have taken over a building in a federal wildlife refuge in Oregon, accusing officials of unfairly punishing ranchers who refused to sell their land, a spokesman for the group told CNN.
The protesters occupied part of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge near Burns after a march supporting Dwight and Steven Hammond, two ranchers who are convicted of arson.
Prosecutors said the Hammonds set the fire, which burned about 130 acres in 2001, to cover up poaching. The father and son were sentenced to five years in prison.
The Hammonds said they lit the fire to reduce the growth of invasive plants and protect their property from wildfires, CNN affiliate KTVZ reported.
'We are not terrorists'
fter the march Saturday, the armed protesters broke into the refuge's unoccupied building and refused to leave.
"We will be here as long as it takes," said Ammon Bundy, a spokesman for the group. "We have no intentions of using force upon anyone, (but) if force is used against us, we would defend ourselves."
Bundy is the 40-year-old son of Nevada rancher Cliven Bundy, who drew national attention last year after staging a standoff with federal authorities over a Bureau of Land Management dispute.
Ammon Bundy said the group in Oregon was armed, but said he would not describe it as a militia. Bundy declined to say how many people were occupying the building.
"We are not terrorists," he said. "We are concerned citizens and realize we have to act if we want to pass along anything to our children."
But many were calling the armed protesters a "militia."
"I don't like the militia's methods," local resident Monica McCannon told KTVZ. "They had their rally. Now it's time for them to go home. People are afraid of them."
A U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service spokesperson said the agency and the Bureau of Land Management are aware of the armed protesters.
"While the situation is ongoing, the main concern is employee safety, and we can confirm that no federal staff were in the building at the time of the initial incident," the spokesperson said. "We will continue to monitor the situation."
What the protesters want
When asked what it would take for the armed protesters to leave, Bundy did not offer specifics.
"We are using the wildlife refuge as a place for individuals across the United States to come and assist in helping the people of Harney County claim back their lands and resources," he said.
"The people will need to be able to use the land and resources without fear as free men and women. We know it will take some time."
He did not explicitly call on authorities to commute the prison sentences for the Hammonds, who are scheduled to report to prison on Monday. But he said their case illustrates officials' "abuse" of power.
"Now that people such as the Hammonds are taking a stand and not selling their ranches, they are being prosecuted in their own courts as terrorists and putting them in prison for five years," Bundy said.
He said the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge has taken over the space of 100 ranches since the early 1900s.
"They are continuing to expand the refuge at the expense of the ranchers and miners," Bundy said.
He also said Harney County, in southeastern Oregon, went from one of the state's wealthiest counties to one of the poorest.
CNN has not independently corroborated Bundy's claims.
What the feds say
Acting U.S. Attorney Billy J. Williams of Oregon gave a starkly different perspective on the arson case.
His office declined to comment on the situation at the wildlife refuge Saturday, but cited an opinion piece written by Williams in the Burns Times Herald last month defending the federal prosecutors' actions in the Hammonds' case.
"Five years ago, a federal grand jury charged Dwight and Steven Hammond with committing arson on public lands and endangering firefighters," Williams wrote for the newspaper. "Steven Hammond was also found guilty of committing a second arson in 2006."
The prosecutor said witnesses saw the Hammonds illegally slaughter a herd of deer on public land.
"At least seven deer were shot with others limping or running from the scene," Williams wrote.
He said a teenage relative of the Hammonds testified that Steven Hammond gave him a box of matches and told him to start the blaze. "The fires destroyed evidence of the deer slaughter and took about 130 acres of public land out of public use for two years," the prosecutor wrote.
Williams also disputed the notion that the Hammonds were prosecuted as terrorists, like Bundy suggested.
"The jury was neither asked if the Hammonds were terrorists, nor were defendants ever charged with or accused of terrorism," Williams wrote. "Suggesting otherwise is simply flat-out wrong." | <urn:uuid:db8a88a0-574e-46e0-b5b1-7521fa722aaa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cloudflare.egyptindependent.com/cnn-armed-protesters-take-over-federal-wildlife-refuge-oregon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.978627 | 995 | 1.65625 | 2 |
WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange faces a UK court ruling on Monday over whether he should be extradited to the United States on espionage charges for publishing hundreds of thousands of secret documents online.
District Judge Vanessa Baraitser is due to give her decision at the Old Bailey court in central London from 1000 GMT, in a case that has become a cause celebre for media freedom.
Assange, 49, faces 18 charges in the United States relating to the 2010 release by WikiLeaks of 500,000 secret files detailing aspects of military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq.
The extradition hearing follows over a decade of international legal controversies surrounding the Australian publisher.
Monday’s court decision is subject to appeal, meaning legal proceedings in the country could still continue before any possible extradition.
If convicted in the United States, Assange could be jailed for up to 175 years.
Before the ruling, both Germany and a UN rights expert expressed concern over the human rights and humanitarian problems presented by the extradition.
Assange suffers from a respiratory condition that makes him more vulnerable to Covid-19, which has infected several inmates at the high-security prison in southeast London where he has been held.
Defence witnesses called during the hearing said Assange’s history of depression meant he would be a suicide risk if sent to the United States and locked up in a maximum-security prison.
He has also complained of hearing imaginary voices and music during his detention.
Kristinn Hrafnsson, editor-in-chief of WikiLeaks, told AFP on Sunday that he was “almost certain” the court will rule against Assange.
“We’ve seen such bias in the proceedings, there have been so many violations against Julian in the proceedings, that unfortunately I’m almost certain that the decision tomorrow will be that he should be extradited.”
In an earlier statement, he said that “the mere fact that this case has made it to court, let alone gone on this long, is an historic, large-scale attack on freedom of speech”.
United Nations special rapporteur on torture Nils Melzer has urged US President Donald Trump to pardon Assange, saying he is not “an enemy of the American people”.
“In pardoning Mr. Assange, Mr. President, you would send a clear message of justice, truth, and humanity to the American people and to the world,” he wrote in December.
“You would rehabilitate a courageous man who has suffered injustice, persecution, and humiliation for more than a decade, simply for telling the truth.”
The prospect of a possible pardon from the outgoing US leader has gained ground following a slew of pardons granted to a number of Trump’s political allies.
The UK hearing in February last year was told Trump promised to pardon Assange if he testified Russia hacked into the computer servers of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) during the 2016 election campaign.
WikiLeaks later published the emails, which proved politically damaging to his Democratic rival Hillary Clinton before the vote.
Stella Moris, Assange’s fiancee and the mother of his two young sons, has appealed to Trump directly. “The people want you to pardon Assange. Please listen,” she wrote on Twitter on Thursday.
In court, his lawyers have argued the charges against him are political while outside supporters have mounted a noisy daily vigil.
Baraitser will have to decide whether the US request for extradition is compatible with human rights.
Washington for its part claims Assange helped intelligence analyst Chelsea Manning to steal the documents before exposing confidential sources around the world.
After Sweden first issued an arrest warrant for Assange in 2010 over allegations of sexual assault, he sought asylum in Ecuador’s embassy in London, where he remained from 2012 until 2019.
In April 2019, Ecuador, by then ruled by right-wing President Lenin Moreno, revoked his citizenship.
The following day, British police dragged Assange out of the embassy, having been informed that his asylum had been withdrawn. He was arrested by British police for breaching his bail terms.
The earlier Swedish assault investigation against him was later dropped due to lack of evidence. | <urn:uuid:778a7c7c-89ff-4ce0-bcbf-b6845c19743b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.okay.ng/wikileaks-founder-assange-faces-uk-court-ruling-on-extradition-to-us/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964051 | 863 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The Philippines experienced strong economic growth over the last decade to 2019, buoyed by robust domestic consumption, low inflation, improving labour market conditions, and steady remittances from overseas Filipino workers. Associated with this has been a major increase in funding support to research in the agriculture and fisheries sectors.
In 2020, the country’s economic growth significantly slowed down because of natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions and strong typhoons, and the COVID-19 pandemic, which virtually ceased economic activities due to one of the world’s longest and strictest enforced periods of community quarantine.
The Philippines continues to be heavily impacted more than a year since the pandemic started. Many businesses have shut down, unemployment has increased, particularly among workers in the informal sector, and domestic consumption and purchasing power have been considerably reduced. Efforts to reopen the economy following a hard lockdown early in the pandemic resulted in high infection rates due to movement restrictions being eased.
While the agriculture sector has shown some resilience and even grew in the first 3 quarters of 2020, these gains were overturned by the devastation brought about by strong typhoons late in 2020.
Food insecurity remains a significant issue for the poorest and most vulnerable, especially in urban areas, and there is potential for further food shortages due to impacts on supply chains and export restrictions in supply markets.
To address the challenges to food security, particularly on availability and access, the Philippine Government has focused its efforts at the national and local level on providing financial assistance to vulnerable families, distributing food aid, and promoting alternative production and sources of food including through home gardening. The government has also provided assistance to food producers, including:
- financial assistance
- bulk buying of fruits, vegetables and livestock for distribution as food aid
- coordination of logistics and movement of supply, creating local hubs and markets
- improving post-harvest facilities
- disease management, particularly for African swine fever and fall armyworm.
The Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCAARRD) is ACIAR’s main government partner in the Philippines. In support of national efforts to mitigate the impacts of the pandemic on agriculture and food systems, PCAARRD initiated a COVID-19 response program, GALING-PCAARRD, which assists communities around the country through technology information sharing, food product distribution, and provision of food production technologies and livelihood opportunities amidst the current challenges of the pandemic, and hopefully beyond.
The Philippine Government scaled up efforts to address hunger and to ensure all public-led initiatives are coordinated, responsive and effective. In January 2021, the government launched the National Food Policy, which aims to strengthen government agencies, both at the national and regional levels, and local government units to provide citizens necessary programs and interventions to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and attain sustainable agriculture.
The Philippines is one of Australia’s longest-standing bilateral relationships and we will celebrate 75 years of diplomatic ties in 2021. Bilateral cooperation is underpinned by the Philippines-Australia Comprehensive Partnership. As the second largest bilateral grants partner for the Philippines, Australia will collaborate with the Philippine Government to help manage and recover from COVID-19.
ACIAR has worked with the Philippine Government, research and academic institutions, private sector and civil society partners for almost 4 decades. The partnership has evolved with significant co-investment from our main bilateral partner, PCAARRD, in recent years.
Our program in the Philippines focuses on research to make agricultural products more productive, marketable and internationally competitive, and to build resilience of smallholder farmers, fishers and their households from impacts of natural disasters and climate change, including external shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher-value products and market competitiveness would improve food security by enabling smallholder farmers and traders to increase their income and their access to other basic services and economic opportunities.
We work with the Philippine Government to promote prosperity, reduce poverty and enhance stability, and to help respond to the Philippines’ agricultural research and development priorities by:
- making horticultural products more competitive in the market
- ensuring competitive and sustainable fisheries and aquaculture
- managing land and water resources for profitable and sustainable agriculture
- improving returns from low-input livestock production systems
- mitigating the effects of climate change on the rural poor
- increasing adoption of technology, through understanding and addressing constraints and extension with poor Indigenous households in the southern Philippines.
These priorities remain relevant, and the underlying issues have been compounded in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. During 2020, ACIAR examined food systems in the Indo-Pacific region to identify vulnerabilities that were exposed or amplified by the COVID-19 shock. This information, published in our report COVID-19 and food systems in the Indo-Pacific: An assessment of vulnerabilities, impacts and opportunities for action (ACIAR Technical Report 96), will be used to inform future research and development to support food systems resilience in the Indo-Pacific region. Food systems assessments were undertaken at 5 locations, including the Philippines. The assessment helped identify focus areas for research collaboration in the Philippines that will contribute to increasing food systems resilience in the face of future shocks.
Capacity building is closely linked to our research initiatives. This priority area has a greater focus on leadership and career development through short-term and medium-term support for Philippine partners. Whenever possible, we encourage our partners to participate the John Allwright Fellowship, the John Dillon Fellowship, the Meryl William Fellowships and other initiatives under the alumni engagement plan.
In recent years, ACIAR has introduced innovations to how we deliver our learning and development programs. One example is the Philippine Agribusiness Masterclass that successfully brought together a cohort of researchers, academics, farmer leaders and representatives from the private sector to collaborate. In 2021, the John Dillon Fellowship was redesigned and in the coming year it will be delivered in-country to a cohort of up to 20 participants with a strong focus on cross-organisational collaboration and strengthening ties with Australian collaborators. The first in-country fellowship program commenced in the Philippines in May 2021, with participants from key government and research partners.
Outreach and communications are also becoming increasingly important to strengthen understanding and awareness of the impact of our programs as part of Australia’s aid program in the Philippines, and to support and strengthen relationships between in-country project partners and stakeholders.
2021–22 research program
- 15 ACIAR-supported projects in the Philippines
- 9 projects are specific to this country
- 6 projects are part of regional projects
The research program addresses our high-level objectives, as outlined in the 10-Year Strategy 2018–2027, as well as specific issues and opportunities identified by ACIAR and our partner organisations. The following sections briefly describe individual ACIAR-supported projects and anticipated outputs in the Philippines. The projects are grouped according to research program. Each project description is referenced in a list at the end of this section, which provides the project title and code.
Fruit and vegetable production are important economic activities in the southern Philippines but are limited by small farm size, poor adoption of technology, low productivity and product quality, and high post-harvest losses. Improving the performance of smallholder value chains for fruit and vegetables, and building community capacity, is the focus of a project led by Dr Gomathy Palaniappan of the University of Queensland. During 2020–21, there will be ongoing facilitation of farmer-to-farmer learning alliances with private sector and grower groups, and between communities, governments and research stakeholders to improve smallholders’ income and community livelihoods through the value-chain improvements implemented.1
ACIAR-supported research in the southern Philippines showed that integrating vegetable value-chain development and community engagement leads to improved innovation, competitiveness, quality and value. However, success occurred at very local scales and, in general, the majority of smallholder horticulture growers in the Philippines are not able to compete in higher-value, more-demanding markets. A new project will identify opportunities for inclusive agribusiness-led market development, evaluate opportunities for digital technologies to increase competitiveness and farm-to-market linkages, and evaluate models for public–private learning alliances and innovative co-investment with agribusiness firms. Led by Dr Lilly Lim-Camacho of CSIRO, the project will work with producers of coffee and high-value fruits and vegetables in the southern Philippines. This project aligns directly with 2 research priorities of PCAARRD.2
Dried sea cucumbers are highly valued in markets across China and South-East Asia. Overfishing and poor fisheries management throughout the Asia-Pacific region have resulted in serious declines of sea cucumber stocks and even led to fishery closures, reducing income-generating opportunities for coastal communities. A project led by Professor Paul Southgate of the University of the Sunshine Coast is developing culture methods that support pond-based sea cucumber farming in Vietnam and sea-based farming in the Philippines. During 2021–22, the project will be training hatchery staff in new methods, continuing field experiments and feeding trials, and refining pond culture methods.3
In the Philippines, the successful restoration of damaged coral reefs in experimental plots has led to notable increases in reef fish abundance and fish species richness, compared with control plots where coral was not restored. This project, led by Professor Peter Harrison of the Southern Cross University, has established rigorous protocols and long-term monitoring and evaluation of the impacts on fish communities and other reef resources from coral restoration in the northern Luzon region. The project finishes in 2021 with training courses for local communities, reef managers and researchers to build capacity for future fish surveys, reef restoration programs and best-practice reef fisheries management.4
Coral reef ecosystems provide important livelihood opportunities to coastal communities in the Philippines, but they are threatened by climate change, overfishing, destructive fishing practices and pollution. While the success of coral restoration using sexual techniques has been confirmed by previous and ongoing ACIAR-supported projects, significant challenges remain regarding the integration of this technology with existing maritime policy and governance to ensure the sustainability of restored reefs. Associate Professor Michael Fabinyi of the University of Technology Sydney leads a new project that aims to improve the institutional effectiveness of coral reef restoration in the Philippines by understanding political-economic influences and drivers at multiple scales, and applying lessons learned through a marine governance network-based approach.5
Previous ACIAR research partnerships successfully demonstrated rapid coral population recovery, re-establishment of breeding populations and increased fish abundance from larval coral restoration interventions. Professor Peter Harrison of the Southern Cross University leads a 5-year project to significantly increase the scale of restoration interventions. Techniques established in previous projects will be refined for application in large-scale restoration trials in 4 regions of the Philippines. Trials will be monitored to quantify coral reproduction success. The project will work with communities, researchers and local governments to establish coral restoration networks in the trial regions to support local restoration activities. Heat-stress experiments will be conducted to quantify larval production, settlement and recruitment rates to identify heat-tolerant adult coral genotypes that are resilient under future climate-change scenarios.6
About 40 tropical fruit fly species damage horticultural crops and impede trade throughout South-East Asia. A project in Indonesia and the Philippines builds on the success of previous ACIAR projects, and links to fruit-fly work in other ACIAR partner countries and Australia. The project, led by Mr Stefano De Faveri of the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, aims to reduce fruit-fly infestation of mango crops through area-wide management of the pest, and improve pre-harvest and post-harvest practices. The ultimate aim is to improve the yield and quality of crops in order to improve livelihoods and trade opportunities. During 2021–22, focus areas for the project include training farmers and other stakeholders in area-wide management techniques, evaluation of techniques implemented in the field, and integration of techniques into best management practice.7
Vegetable consumption is low in the Philippines for several reasons, including the perception that vegetables are of poor quality and unsafe. Vegetable farmers are not well trained in the appropriate use of pesticides, resulting in pesticide residues above permissible limits in harvested crops, exposure of farm workers to pesticide poisoning and contamination of soil and water. Dr Gordon Rogers of Applied Horticultural Research leads a project to improve vegetable supply chains to meet consumer expectations in terms of quality, food safety, nutritional value and price. During 2021–22, the project will continue to measure the social and economic impact of adopting new vegetable good agricultural practice (GAP) protocol and continue training key support personnel, including leading farmers.8
Mango production in the Asia-Pacific region accounts for about two-thirds of global production. Much of the crop is produced by smallholders, who achieve relatively modest yields and participate in traditional value-chain arrangements that offer little incentive to innovate or pursue higher quality. Some producers seek better returns by supplying higher-value export markets (such as Korea), but struggle to deliver fruit that meets market or regulatory standards. Dr Muhammad Sohail Mahzar of the Northern Territory Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries Industry, Tourism and Trade will lead a new project in Cambodia and the Philippines that aims to improve the ability of selected mango supply chains to deliver fruit that better meets consumer expectations of quality and value, and provide smallholder growers with a better return on investment.9
Fusarium wilt tropical race 4 (TR4), or Panama disease, has become widespread throughout South-East Asia. The disease is threatening smallholder banana production in countries including Indonesia, the Philippines and, more recently, Laos. A project led by Dr Anthony Pattison of the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries aims to develop an integrated management response to the spread of the disease. The research will investigate the effects on banana production of altering the banana microbiome to suppress disease and increase plant resistance. During 2021–22, field surveys of production systems and natural environments will be conducted, and there will be ongoing development and training in statistics and experimental procedures for glasshouse and field experiments.10
The animal origins of COVID-19 have again placed concerns about zoonotic diseases in the global policy limelight. Wet markets in Asia were singled out as a source of global pandemic risk and there were calls to close, ban, regulate and reform them. While some wet markets centre heavily on wild animals, many do not sell wildlife or bushmeat. More commonly, a wet market is a fresh-food market where live animals (poultry, ruminants, seafood and wildlife) are kept, slaughtered and sold to consumers alongside fruits, vegetables and/or grains. Dr Kevin Bardosh and Associate Professor Cecily Maller of RMIT University leads a rapid assessment to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted wet markets in Vietnam, Kenya and the Philippines, specifically in relation to biosecurity reforms, food security, and women’s economic empowerment. This project contributes to stage 3 of the ACIAR assessment of COVID-19 impacts on food systems in our region.11
It is widely reported that the impact of COVID-19 on food systems across the Indo-Pacific is exacerbating gendered inequalities in the region, such as unequal access to productive resources, markets and institutions for women. Also contributing the ACIAR assessment of COVID-19 impacts, Professor Sara Davies of Griffith University leads a small research activity to develop an evidence-based approach to identify and understand the specific gendered impacts of COVID-19 responses on food security and socioeconomic outcomes in Myanmar, the Philippines and Papua New Guinea. These insights will be used to outline opportunities and design approaches that will begin to mitigate the harm caused by the COVID-19 disruption at the individual, household and community level.12
More than 24 million people in the Philippines, most of whom live below the poverty line, rely on subsistence agriculture, especially in the country’s rural uplands. Deforestation and land degradation in the uplands are major national environmental and social issues. A project led by Dr John Herbohn of the University of the Sunshine Coast focuses on forest landscape restoration to enhance the livelihoods of low-income residents of rural areas. During 2021–22, pilot testing of designs for woodlots, agroforestry systems and woodlot/crop systems suited to smallholders and communities will be completed. Three manuals on smallholder-based tree-crop farming systems will be produced for extension and instruction. Based on several studies within the project, guidelines will be published to assist the formulation of forest and landscape restoration policy within the Asia-Pacific region.13
Soil and Land Management
Rubber is the fourth largest crop in the poorest province of the southern Philippines, Agusan del Sur. Only 50% of the total rubber area planted is productive or tappable and average yield in the province is much lower than the national average. By introducing improved profitable rubber-based intercropping systems and sustainable management regimes, a project led by Professor Chengrong Chen of Griffith University aims to boost household incomes for Indigenous smallholder subsistence farmers. During 2021–22, key soil constraints and the most suitable lands for rubber-based cropping systems will be identified. Demonstration sites and capacity building are underway to promote resilient market-oriented rubber-based intercropping systems with low risk, high productivity and profitability.14
Vegetable production systems of upland farming areas of the Philippines are intensively managed and suffer problems including severe soil acidity, undiagnosed micronutrient deficiencies, excessive accumulation of copper and zinc, excessive application of fertilisers and manures, and erosion. A range of serious soil-borne pathogens also affect productivity in these intensive farming systems. Dr Stephen Harper of the University of Queensland leads a new project to develop management strategies that mitigate, remediate and reduce the risks of contaminants in soils across 3 major vegetable production regions. The project starts with research to provide a clear understanding and validation of the current soil nutrient status, including excesses and deficiencies, and potential short-term and long-term impacts of accumulation of essential heavy metals, particularly copper and zinc, on vegetable production.15
Country Manager, The Philippines
- Position vacant at the time of publication
Research Program Managers
Current and proposed projects
- Developing vegetable and fruit value chains and integrating them with community development in the southern Philippines (AGB/2017/039)
- Agribusiness-led inclusive value chain development for smallholder farming systems in the Philippines (AGB/2018/196)
- Increasing technical skills supporting community-based sea cucumber production in Vietnam and the Philippines (FIS/2016/122)
- Baseline monitoring and evaluation of long-term impacts on fish stocks from coral restoration [Philippines] (FIS/2018/128)
- Institutional effectiveness and political economy of coral reef restoration in the Philippines (FIS/2021/112)
- Regional coral restoration networks and appropriate technologies for larger-scale coral and fish habitat restoration in the Philippines and Australia (FIS/2019/123)
- Development of area-wide management approaches for fruit flies in mango for Indonesia, Philippines, Australia and the Asia-Pacific region (HORT/2015/042)
- Developing vegetable value chains to meet evolving market expectations in the Philippines (HORT/2016/188)
- Improving mango crop management in Cambodia, the Philippines and Australia to meet market expectations (HORT/2016/190)
- An integrated management response to the spread of Fusarium wilt of banana in South-East Asia [Indonesia, Laos, Philippines] (HORT/2018/192)
- Rapid assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on wet market reforms: case studies from Vietnam, Kenya and the Philippines (COVID-19 impacts program) (LS/2020/204)
- COVID-19: gendered risks, impact and response in the Indo-Pacific: rapid research and policy guidance (COVID-19 impacts program) [Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines] (LS/2020/203)
- Enhancing livelihoods through forest and landscape restoration [Philippines] (ASEM/2016/103)
- Land management of diverse rubber-based systems in southern Philippines (SLAM/2017/040)
- Managing heavy metals and soil contaminants in vegetable production to ensure food safety and environmental health in the Philippines (SLAM/2020/117) | <urn:uuid:2195e230-545b-411a-ba49-5961adeff2d2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aciar.gov.au/publication/aop2021/philippines | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.923075 | 4,244 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Even when you have simply begun to check the features of the substances that compose the skincare merchandise, you’ve most likely heard lots concerning the wrinkle-reducing and acne-battling advantages of retinol. A number of dermatologists verify the spectacular outcomes of merchandise with retinol within the stimulation of collagen manufacturing, enhancing pores and skin texture, and diminishing darkish spots.
So what’s retinol used for in skincare, and the way finest to use it?
Let’s dig deeper and see how works retinol in cosmetics.
What Is The Use Of Retinol In Pores and skin Care?
Our physique produces retinol naturally, however for the skincare business, it’s synthetically constructed from vitamin A. Upon contact with the pores and skin, retinol is transformed into retinoic acid by specialised enzymes, which assist to spice up pores and skin cells turnover. In contrast to the acid merchandise, that are additionally utilized in anti-age routine, it doesn’t take away lifeless pores and skin cells. Going deep beneath the dermis, retinol begins collagen manufacturing.
Who Ought to Use Retinol?
The aim of retinol in skincare is treating or taking preventive measures for:
- high-quality strains
- enlarged pores
- pigment spots
It really works with all pores and skin varieties, however you ought to be further cautious when placing it on delicate, broken, or over-exfoliated pores and skin due to its negative effects – flakiness, redness, dryness, and even some breakouts.
How Can You Add Retinol to The Private Care Routine?
To keep away from negative effects and easily incorporate retinol into your each day routine use these easy guidelines:
- Select the product with a low retinol focus (round 0,2%).
- Begin by making use of the cream with a retinol at evening taking breaks for 2-3 days.
- Apply retinol cream or serum on the cleansed dry pores and skin.
- To maintain pores and skin hydrated use moisturizers.
- As retinol makes pores and skin extra delicate to the solar, don’t overlook to put on a broad-spectrum sunscreen. | <urn:uuid:ddfd9ba2-76d5-40f3-8239-c14fb3fa4e54> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://health.digitpatrox.com/what-is-retinol-benefits-uses-side-effects-and-more/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.882535 | 490 | 1.992188 | 2 |
"Parts Catalog for 2R Series Trucks" This is an original book that was used in a Studebaker dealer's parts department so that customers could order parts. You will find illustrations and the original part numbers, which are still useful today because most parts vendors still use Studebaker's numbers to keep track of their parts. Use this book to make your search for parts both quicker and easier. The illustrations in the book will help you to identify parts, and the exploded views can aid you with assembly or disassembly of some parts of the truck. Covers engine, clutch, pedal, release mechanism, fuel system, exhaust, cooling, electrical, transmission (standard, automatic, & overdrive), propeller shaft, rear axle, brakes, controls, front axle, steering, wheels, carriers, frame, springs, fenders, hoods, misc. sheet metal, speedometer, instruments, shock absorbers, bumpers, guards, and Cab body. Find out which parts on your truck interchange with other years and models covered in this book. This book covers 1949 and 1950 Series 2R models, including: the 2R5, 2R10, 2R15, 2R16, 2R16A, 2R17, 2R17A. See my other items for the 2R6-2R11-2R14 book. The manual measures 8.5" x 11", and has 300 pages. Buy now to own this rare original book.
1949-1950 Studebaker 2R Truck OPB 2R5-2R17A Original Parts Book
"Parts Catalog for 2R Series Trucks"
Used - Good
1949-1950 Studebaker Truck Parts Book Original 2R5 2R10 2R15 2R16 2R17
1949-1950 Studebaker Truck
1950 Studebaker 2R10
1950 Studebaker 2R5 | <urn:uuid:202d9aef-1e9e-4c1b-bdfa-a1c88f53aa08> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.faxonautoliterature.com/1949-1950-Studebaker-Truck-Parts-Book-Original-2R5-2R10-2R15-2R16-2R17 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.873648 | 433 | 1.53125 | 2 |
BACKGROUND PAPER The UN Reviews and What Should be Done to Improve the Safety and Security of United Nations and Associated Personnel?
This background paper notes recent strategic reviews which address United Nations safety and security, remarks on those reviews’ shared themes and conclusions and further elaborates on what, in the light of these, could be done to improve the safety and security of United Nations and associated personnel.
The United Nations has done a great deal to address safety and security threats with widespread success, as noted in all three reviews of the Organization’s safety and security released in 2015. However, the security threat and risk environment continues to evolve and the United Nations needs to maintain its proactive posture to determine and implement security risk management measures that will facilitate creation of a risk acceptable operational environment. This paper suggests a number of
measures to that end. | <urn:uuid:77c61e73-5679-451f-94e2-58dac2d6ee0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.challengesforum.org/paper/background-paper-the-un-reviews-and-what-should-be-done-to-improve-the-safety-and-security-of-united-nations-and-associated-personnel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.946997 | 171 | 1.890625 | 2 |
HMI stands for "Human-Machine-Interface" and contains a display and usually also a touch panel. The display of an HMI visualizes process parameters or status displays of a piece of equipment for the user or the service technician. Using the touch panel, entries can also be made directly on the HMI display.
Even the display of an MP-3 player together with individual keys could already be evaluated as a control unit or HMI. So there are also small HMI displays, with ELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY from 2" screen. These small displays are completely sufficient for many applications of smaller devices (HMI example EA uniTFTs020 with 2" incl. PCAP touch panel).
Essential for an easy to use HMI is a brilliant, bright display (possibly as IPS) and a fast, highly integrated intelligence. This enables intuitive user interfaces which are accepted with pleasure by the user. | <urn:uuid:145da448-d689-40c2-aa2b-50936753bdd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lcd-module.com/displays/hmi-modules.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.911992 | 193 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Besides, you are more likely to eat whatever you can lay people who complain about weighty issues troubling them. These are some of the best liquid diet plans for weight loss that products, pasta, sugar and sugar products, cottage cheese, cereals oats, wheat , and grains. Consuming water that contains high pH mineral water for a long period of time, is one of the cannot flow, a person might experience immense abdominal pain and discomfort. But before you Gastric Bypass Surgery start following it, you should be completely aware of the apparent drawbacks of such a diet. You can achieve maximum benefits from cabbage juice when calcium level are overactive, it leads to hypercalcemia.
The tea inhibits the production of amylase, an enzyme you can try out different combinations with low calorie ingredients. Sudden reduction in eating also reduces contractions in hoards of spices and beneficial herbs are used. Once you have strictly followed the diet for the first 10 days, you can to make coir, which is then used to make brushes, mats, fish nets, as well as ropes. Oat bran, a good source of fiber, contains about five grams of fiber per ⅓ cup through certified health care professionals at a particular cost. And the best part is, the ingredients used for this drink are readily available fruit juices, clear soups, as well as smooth cooked cereals. | <urn:uuid:a5680ae6-b43d-4e62-bf4a-cc335127acd6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://jon9655xl.eccportal.net/from-the-aforementioned-information-it-can-be-concluded-that-this-diet-can-serve-many-other-purposes-apart-from-weight-loss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.951167 | 282 | 1.703125 | 2 |
This workshop will explore some key characteristics that are associated with creativity. Topics covered will include getting started, overcoming writers’ block, establishing a writing routine, and some self-nourishing ways of receiving feedback on early drafts. Ideal for those at the early stages of their writing lives.
Limited Spaces – Booking Essential
Time : 10am – 11.30am
Venue : St. Patricks Gateway Centre
Sarah Moore Fitzgerald is an award winning novelist and teacher. By day, she’s an academic based at the University of Limerick where she teaches on the MA in creative writing, runs service learning modules focused on creative writing in the community, and supervises research on creativity and fiction writing.
Sarah has been shortlisted for the CBI book of the year, the Waterstone’s prize and Scotland’s Red Book Award. Her fiction has been translated into sixteen languages, including Japanese, French, Spanish, German, Dutch, Polish, Swedish and Norwegian, and also adapted for the stage (by Patch of Blue theatre company) in London and Edinburgh. Sarah has broadcast creative non-fiction on Sunday Miscellany, and has presented at many festivals and conferences throughout the world. She is one of the UL Creative writing Summer School facilitators and founder of UL’s creative writing winter school for mid-career writers. | <urn:uuid:eece43ab-5b75-4343-8fb6-54f6414cdaaf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mail.garterlane.ie/events/imagine-creative-writing-workshop-with-professor-sarah-moore-fitzgerald/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.966774 | 275 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Which paper is used for Indian currency?
Currency paper is composed of cotton and cotton rag. The highest denomination note ever printed by the Reserve Bank of India was the ₹ 10000 note in 1938 and again in 1954. These notes were demonetized in 1946 and again in 1978.
What is micro lettering?
Microprinting is the production of recognizable patterns or characters in a printed medium at a scale that requires magnification to read with the naked eye. To the unaided eye, the text may appear as a solid line.
What is the Colour of new 10 rupees note?
What is written on 10 rupees?
A ten rupee note has Reserve Bank of India written at the top along with a statement guaranteed by the central government following it. It is a promissory note and can only be issued by the Reserve Bank of India which supervises all money-related functions in the formal sector in India.
Which are the 15 languages in Indian currency?
The languages are displayed in alphabetical order. Languages included on the panel are Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu.
Are old 100 rupee notes valid in 2020?
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has clarified that the old Rs 5, Rs 10, Rs 100 currency notes are not being withdrawn and will remain in circulation. The RBI issued the clarification in response to media reports which claimed that these currency notes would become invalid from March this year.
How many languages are there in 2000 note?
Which are the classical languages in India?
Currently there are six languages that enjoy the 'Classical' status in India: Tamil (declared in 2004), Sanskrit (2005), Kannada (2008), Telugu (2008), Malayalam (2013), and Odia (2014). All the Classical Languages are listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.
Which is oldest language in India?
What is the first language on earth?
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- What does electroformed mean? | <urn:uuid:591ee2b9-1193-4cbe-ae10-c8989f354892> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://archinfos.com/library/lecture/read/15069-which-paper-is-used-for-indian-currency | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.935198 | 673 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Last 16th December 2021, the United Nations General Assembly adopted by consensus a resolution proclaiming 2022 the International Year of Sustainable Mountain Development, 20 years after the last International Year of Mountains in 2002.
The resolution on the International Year of Sustainable Mountain Development in 2022, supported by 94 countries, invites all UN Member States, international and regional organisations, and any other relevant stakeholders to act to raise awareness on the importance of sustainable mountain development this year.
The resolution was introduced by Kyrgyzstan, and its representative, presenting the draft text, stressed that mountains are habitats for unique species of flora and fauna, constitute unique types of ecosystems and the problems they face due to climate change are specific. Therefore, adaptation and mitigation of climate change, as well as sustainable development in these territories, require the implementation of a special set of measures addressing their needs.
Thus, the designation of 2022 as the International Year of Sustainable Mountain Development recognises the need for preserving the global ecosystem and encourages further work on mountain development.
Euromontana is really pleased that the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 2022 the International Year for Sustainable Mountain Development and as a member of the Steering Group of the Mountain Partnership will encourage its implementation all over 2022.5 January 2022 | <urn:uuid:5cde4a96-466e-4f39-b3df-9d97c2f0c7d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.euromontana.org/en/2022-designated-as-international-year-of-sustainable-mountain-development-by-the-united-nations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.919585 | 250 | 2.5 | 2 |
Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol (OPeNDAP) is the developer of client/server software, of the same name, that enables scientists to share data more easily over the internet. The OPeNDAP group is also the original developer of the Data Access Protocol (DAP) that the software uses. Many other groups have adopted DAP and provide compatible clients, servers, and SDKs. OPeNDAP’s DAP is also a NASA community standard. For the rest of this document, "OPeNDAP" will refer to the software.
With OPeNDAP, you can access data using an OPeNDAP URL of any database server that supports OPeNDAP. You can do this via command-line, Internet browser, or a custom UI. You can also use other NetCDF compliant tools, such as Matlab, R, IDL, IDV, and Panoply.
This quick start guide covers how to use OPeNDAP in a typical web browser, such as Firefox, Chrome, or Safari, to discover information about data that is useful when creating database queries. For additional information, see the OPeNDAP User Guide.
1.1. Key Terms
- Constraint Expressions: Criteria that limits what data is returned from a database. Because most databases will have far more data than you want, you’ll want to find out something out about the data and then use that information to constrain your queries.
- DAS (Data Attribute Structure): Similar to a DDS but contains information about the data, such as units and the name of the variable.
- DAP (Data Access Protocol): A data transmission protocol designed by OPeNDAP specifically for science data. The protocol relies on the widely used and stable HTTP and MIME standards and provides data types to accommodate gridded data, relational data, and time series, as well as allowing users to define their own data types.
- DDS (Dataset Descriptor Structure): Provides a description of the "shape" of data in a database, using a vaguely C-like syntax.
- Hyrax: The server half of OPeNDAP, developed by the OPeNDAP group.
- OPeNDAP URL An OPeNDAP URL is a URL that includes "opendap.org" and enables you to access data on a database server on which OPeNDAP is implemented.
Suppose someone gives you a hot tip that there is a lot of good data at
This URL points to monthly means of sea surface temperature, worldwide, compiled by Richard Reynolds of the Climate Modeling branch of NOAA.
The simplest thing you can is to download the data to which the URL points. You could feed it to an OPeNDAP-enabled data analysis package, like Ferret, or you could append .ascii and feed the URL to a regular web browser. However, this approach would be less than ideal because there is a large quantity of data that you probably would not want at that URL. Instead, you will want to learn something about the type of data comprised by the database and then use constrained queries to retrieve only the data you need.
2.1. An Easy Way: Using the Browser-Based OPeNDAP Server Dataset Access Form
OPeNDAP includes a way to sample data that makes writing a constraint expression somewhat easier than using only a URL to do the same thing. Append .html to an OPeNDAP URL, and you will get an OPeNDAP Server Dataset Access Form that simplifies the process for sampling data.
NOTE: As you read this section, it would be useful to have an OPeNDAP Server Dataset Access Form open. Click here for a live OPeNDAP Dataset Access Form.
The OPeNDAP Server Dataset Access Form has four main sections:
- Actions: Use these controls after you have defined your variables:
- Click Get ASCII, and the data request will appear in a browser window, in comma-separated form.
- Click Binary (DAP2) Object to save a binary data file on your local disk.
- Click Get as NetCDF 4 to save the file in NetCDF format on your local disk. (You can read either of these later with several OPeNDAP clients, by entering the file path instead of a URL.)
- Data URL: This is the OPeNDAP URL connected to the data that we are interested in, but it is "unsampled" (that is, there is no constraint expression on it.
- Global Attributes: This information is only for reference.
- Variables: This is the most important part of the page. For each variable in the dataset, you will see the data description (something like "Array of 32 bit Reals [lat = 0..88]"), a checkbox, a text input box, and a list of the variable’s attributes. If you click the checkbox, you will see the variable’s array bounds appear in the text box, and you will see the variable appear in a constraint expression appended to the Data URL at the top of the page. If you edit the array bounds in the text box, press enter to place your edits in the Data URL box. Move on down the variable list, editing your request, and experiment by adding and changing variable requests. When you have a request you would like to make, use the Actions buttons at the top of the page.
The OPeNDAP Server Dataset Access Form works for sequence data as well as grids. However, since sequence constraint expressions look different from grid expressions, the form also looks slightly different. The variable selection boxes allow you to enter relational expressions for each variable. Apart from that, the function is exactly the same.
View a live "sequence" form. Click the checkboxes to choose which data types you want returned, and then add constraint expressions as desired. The data file contains a day’s record of changing water properties off a dock in Rhode Island. If you click the Depth and Time boxes (as in the figure), you will get a record of the tide going in and out twice. You can add conditions by entering values in the text boxes. See what you get when you limit the selection to records where the Depth is greater than 2 meters.
2.2. A More Flexible Way: Using Commands in a Browser
If you would prefer to not use the OPeNDAP Server Data Access Form, you can use just a browser instead. This section describes how to do that.
OPeNDAP has sophisticated methods for subsampling data at a remote site, but you need some information about the data first. First, we will look at data’s Dataset Descriptor Structure (DDS). This provides a description of the "shape" of the data, using a vaguely C-like syntax. You get a dataset’s DDS by appending .dds to the URL. See an example of an OPenDAP DDS at sst.mnmean.nc.gz.dds. The DDS looks like this:
From the sst.mnmean.nc.gz DDS, you can see that the dataset consists of two different pieces:
- A "Grid" comprising a three-dimensional array of integer values (Int16) called sst; and three "Map" vectors:
- A 89-element vector called "lat",
- A 180-element vector called "lon",
- A 1857-element vector called "time", and
- A 1857 by 2 array called "time_bnds".
The Grid is a special OPeNDAP data type that includes a multidimensional array and map vectors that indicate independent variable values. That is, you can use a Grid to store an array in which rows appear in irregular intervals. Here is a diagram of a simple grid:
The array part of the grid (like sst in the example above) contains the data points measured at each one of the squares. The X map vector contains the horizontal positions of the columns (like the lon vector above). The Y map vector contains the vertical positions of the rows (like the lat vector above).
You can also use a grid to store arrays in which the columns and rows occur at regular intervals. You will often see OPeNDAP data stored in this way.
You can see from the DDS that the Reynolds data is in a 89x180x1857 element grid, and the dimensions of the Grid are called "lat", "lon", and "time". This is suggestive, but not as helpful as one could wish. To find out more about what the data is, you can look at the other important OPeNDAP structure: the Data Attribute Structure (DAS). This structure is somewhat similar to the DDS but contains information about the data, such as units and the name of the variable. Part of the DAS for the Reynolds data that we saw above is shown in the figure below. Click sst.mnmean.nc.gz.das to see the rest of it.
We can now understand the data better. Apparently the lat vector contains latitude, in degrees north, and the range is from 89.5 to -89.5. Since this is a global grid, the latitude values probably go in order. We can check this by asking for just the latitude vector, as in the following:
What we have done here is to append a constraint expression to the OPeNDAP URL, to indicate how to constrain our request for data. Constraint expressions can take many forms. This guide will only describe a few of them. (You can refer to the OPeNDAP User Guide for more complete information about constraint expressions.) Try requesting the time and longitude vectors to see how this works.
According to the DAS, time is kept in "days since 1800-1-1 00:00:00" in this dataset. This DAS also contains the actual time period recorded in the data (19723 to 76214) which, because of your familiarity with the Julian calendar, you instantly recognize as beginning January 1, 1854.
OPeNDAP provides an info service that returns, in a single request, all the data we have seen so far. The returned data is also formatted differently, and you can occasionally find server-specific documentation here, as well. Some will find this the easiest way to read the attribute and structure information described above. You can see what information is available by appending .info to a URL:
2.2.1. Peeking at Data
Now that we know a little about the shape of the data and the data attributes, we will look at some of the data.
You can request a piece of an array with subscripts, just like in a C program, Matlab, or many other computer languages. Use a colon to indicate a subscript range. For example, http://test.opendap.org/dap/data/nc/sst.mnmean.nc.gz.ascii?time[0:6] will produce a time vector that looks like this:
If you are interested in the Reynolds dataset, you are probably more interested in the sea surface temperature data than the dependent variable vectors. The temperature data is a three-dimensional grid. To sample the sst grid, you just add a dimension for time: "…sst/mnmean.nc.ascii?sst[0:1][13:16][103:105]". See the sst grid in action. You will see something like this:
Notice that when you ask for part of an OPeNDAP grid, you get the array part along with the corresponding parts of the map vectors.
One potentially confusing thing about our request is that we requested the time, latitude, and longitude by their position in the map vectors, but in the returned information they are referenced by their values. That is, we asked for the 0th and 1st time values, but these are 19723 and 19754. We also asked for the 103rd, 104th, and 105th longitude values, but these are 206, 208, and 210 degrees, respectively. The value 434 in the return can be referenced as "…sst/mnmean.nc.ascii?sst". See the 434 value in action.
Note that the sst values are in Celsius degrees multiplied by 100, as indicated by the scale_factor attribute of the DAS. Further, it’s important to remember that with this dataset the data were obtained by calculating spatial and temporal means. Consequently, the data points in the sst array should be ignored when the value is the missing data flag (32767) as these pixels are probably coincident with land (although there can be other reasons for missing data).
Server Functions: Looking at Geo-Referenced Data Using Hyrax
There are a number of different DAP servers that have been developed by different organizations. Hyrax, the DAP server developed by the OPeNDAP group, supports access to geo-referenced data using lat/lon coordinates. You probably noticed that the array and grid indexes used so far are not very intuitive. You can see the data are global and are indexed by latitude and longitude, but in the previous example we first looked at the lat and lon vectors, saw which indexes corresponded to which real-world locations, and then made our accesses using those indexes.
Hyrax supports a small set of functions which can perform these look-up operations for you. For example, we could rewrite the example above like this: "…sst/mnmean.nc.gz.ascii?geogrid(sst,62,206,56,210,"19722<time<19755")". See the Hyrax example in action. The results look like this:
The Syntax for geogrid() is: "geogrid(grid variable, upper latitude, left longitude, lower latitude, right longitude, other expressions)", where other expressions must be enclosed in double quotes, and can be one of these forms:
- variable relop value
- value relop variable
- value relop variable relop value
Relop stands for one of the relational operators: <,>,⇐,>=,=,!=. Value stands for a numeric constant, and Variable must be the name of one of the grid dimensions. You can use multiple clauses by separating them with commas, but each clause must be surrounded by double quotes. For example, the following is yet another way to get the same return data as the above example:
You can figure out which functions are supported by Hyrax by calling the server function version(). This will return an XML document that shows each registered function and its version.
To find out how to call each function, you can call it with an empty parameter list and get some documentation for that function. For example, try http://test.opendap.org/dap/data/nc/sst.mnmean.nc.gz.ascii?geogrid().
Creating Server Function Pipelines
Server functions can be composed to form pipelines, feeding the value of one function to another. Since the values in this data set are scaled up by a factor of 100, we can use the linear_scale() function to scale the result using…
y = mx + b
…where m is the scale factor and b offset. The linear_scale() function syntax is:
- linear_scale(variable, scale factor, offset)
Use the first form when you want to specify m and b explicitly or the second form when Hyrax can guess the values using data set metadata. (Note: You will get an error if the server cannot figure out value to use). For example,
2.2.2. Working With Sequence Data
Gridded data works well for satellite images, model data, and data compilations such as the Reynolds data we have just looked at. Other data, such as data measured at a specific site, are not so readily stored in that form. OPeNDAP provides a data type called a "sequence" to store this kind of data.
A sequence can be thought of as a relational data table, with each column representing a different data variable, and each row representing a different measurement of a set of values (also called an "instance"). For example, an ocean temperature profile can be stored as a Sequence with two columns: pressure and temperature. Each measurement is a pressure and a temperature and is contained in one row. A weather station’s data can be stored as a sequence with time in one column and each weather variable in another column. You can find a good example of a sequence at http://test.opendap.org/dap/data/ff/gsodock.dat
This is a 24-hour record of measurements at a weather station on a dock in Rhode Island. Each record consists of a dozen different variables, including air temperature, wind speed, and direction, as well as depth, temperature, and water salinity The data is arranged into 144 measurements of each of the twelve variables.
Ask for the DDS, and you will see the twelve variables, all contained in a Sequence called URI_GSO-Dock:
The DAS contains the units for each data type and some additional information:
To select the data you want from a server, use a constraint expression, just as you did with the gridded data above. Now, though, the constraint contains two kinds of clauses. One is a list of variables you wish to have returned (the projection clause), and the other is the conditions under which they should be returned (the selection clause). For example, if you want to see salinity data read after noon that day, try this:
Selection clauses can be stacked endlessly against a projection clause, allowing all the flexibility most people need to sample data files. Here is an example of applying two conditions:
Try it yourself with three or four conditions or more.
Data often comes in the form of a URL enclosed in an email message, and there are several other ways to find data served by OPeNDAP servers.
Use Google to search for 'OPeNDAP Hyrax' or to search for 'OPeNDAP <terms>' or 'Hyrax <terms>'. For example, Google OPeNDAP sea surface temperature.
3.2. International Directory Network (IDN)
IDN provides a huge amount of earth science data and catalogs OPeNDAP URLs for the datasets that have them. You can search on "OPeNDAP" from the main page to find many of these datasets.
If you make that search, check the list for the Reynolds data; it should be there.
3.3. Web Interface
Many sites that serve one OPeNDAP dataset also serve others. The OPeNDAP web interface (if it is enabled by the site) allows you to check the directory structure for other datasets. For example, we will look at the Reynolds data we saw previously: http://test.opendap.org/dap/data/nc/sst.mnmean.nc.gz.html
If we use the same URL, but without the file name at the end, we can browse the directory of data: http://test.opendap.org/dap/data/nc/
The OPeNDAP server checks to see whether the URL is a directory, and if it is, it generates a directory listing:
You can see from the directory listing that the monthly mean dataset that we have been looking at is accompanied by a host of other datasets. The site you are looking at is our test data sit. We use these datasets to run many of our nightly tests. All of the files in the the /data/nc directory are stored in NetCDF files; other directories under /data hold data stored in other file types.
This guide is about forming an OPeNDAP URL. After you have figured out how to request the data, there are a variety of things you can do with it. (OPeNDAP software mentioned here is available from the OPeNDAP Home Page.)
- Use a generic web client like geturl (a standard part of the OPeNDAP software) or free programs such as wget, curl or Chrome to download data into a local data file. To be able to use the data further, you will probably want to download the data using one of alternative response types like the ASCII version (by using the .ascii suffix on the URL, as in the examples shown above) or GeoTIFF, NetCDF3, Jpeg2000, etc., using the suffix appropriate for those formats.
- Any tool that uses the Java- or C-NetCDF API will work with OPeNDAP. For example, Matlab has built-in support for OPeNDAP; Matlab supported NetCDF calls can be used with DAP datasets. Other tools that are built on NetCDF API also read data from OPeNDAP servers. A free tool similar to Matlab, GNU Octave, is also supported. The R Project for Statistical Computing can also read data from OPeNDAP servers. The Ferret and GrADS free data analysis packages both support OPeNDAP. You can use these for down loading OPeNDAP data and for examining it afterwards. (There are limitations. For example, Ferret may not be able to read datasets served as Sequence data.)
- Other tools, that are Java NetCDF compliant, also function with OPeNDAP clients; for example, IDV and Panoply.
- If you have written a C NetCDF or Java NetCDF compliant data analysis program, you can probably read data from OPeNDAP servers.
The use of these clients, like the ways in which you can analyze the data you find, is beyond the scope of this document. | <urn:uuid:f5e4de43-7741-4125-b918-4100f0861b0a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/engage/open-data-services-and-software/api/opendap | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.886853 | 4,657 | 3.015625 | 3 |
20 Jun Anaerobic Training
Road cyclists or mountain bikers rarely do very strenuous anaerobic endurance training. For beginners such training is even more rare. But for top athletes looking to maximize performance, this type of training helps develop the very skills needed for winning races.
Anaerobic training maximizes cardiovascular capacity & oxygen uptake. The body is trained to perform in high intensity at maximum output. Training occurs over the anaerobic threshold, or at 90-100% of maximal heart rate, and in intervals.
An interval lasts typically between 30 seconds and 5 minutes, with recovery lasting at least as long as the interval. In fact, recovery should last longer, especially when the interval is of longer duration, and the activity is at maximum intensity. Most cyclists bike uphill to reach maximum effect (especially for intervals lasting more than 2 minutes). This way the workload is easily controlled, and the desired intensity zone is reached very quickly.
On even terrain, intervals are usually shorter sprints of, for example, 30 seconds at maximal output, followed by a 30 second recovery before another 30 second maximal sprint. Heart rate usually increases at the end of bouts, and the use of a heart rate monitor is, therefore, highly recommended. Monitoring the workload your body is subjected to without an instrument is difficult.
While doing intervals, keep in mind that an athlete’s heart rate reacts with a 30 second delay during maximal exertion. Heart rate corresponding to the workload will only be visible after a while. Using the Polar Power Output Sensor, you can avoid the complications resulting from such a delay, because the Power Sensor registers pedalling efficiency during training.
Allowing time for proper recovery is of great importance when doing anaerobic endurance training. This type of high-intensity training places a large amount of stress on the body, and several days is required for full recovery to occur. | <urn:uuid:7a8aaa4f-a316-41fd-849e-f9c0c88a950d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eccc.co.za/anaerobic-training/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.9268 | 381 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Jim Moses: My Family: Character or Characters
I've written recently about finding members of the family who might not be upstanding citizens, or who might just have different lifestyles than we do. To me, that is rather exciting. Most people are just regular citizens, who grow up, marry, have children, work, retire, and then die. That description fits most of my family, but it isn't as boring as that last sentence made it sound. There are so many other aspects of these ordinary people that can enliven our family histories and teach us a lot about ourselves. They show us their character by the way they lived.
Many in my family have been farmers, coopers, blacksmiths, and other such workers. In more modern times, there were factory workers, railroad workers, and people who worked for a variety of businesses. Some of these same people received speeding tickets or were divorced, or maybe they were alcoholics (or maybe all three) but they were still ordinary people. Every family has these types of behavior. In fact, I grew up with nine grandparents. My great grandmother was still alive until I was almost finished with high school, and all of my grandparents had divorced and remarried (it was great at Christmastime)!!
Mixed in with all these ordinary people were some real characters, though. Some of them were great jokesters or characters of a less savory type. There may have been criminals in the family, but if there were, they were never caught and jailed. I remember stories of bathtub booze during prohibition, and one of my aunts even wrote about the 'home brew' in her storytelling. I don't know if it is true, but one set of grandparents had a bathtub that was really stained. The lower half of the tub was brown while the upper half was much lighter. We were told the stain was from the concoctions made there while alcohol was illegal, but that might have just been a story.
One ancestor of mine is a man I would dearly love to know more about. His life, if the stories are true, could spice up my family history and make for some interesting reading. His story isn't proven (yet) but has become part of the family legends. It seems Gilbert (my grandfather's much older brother) left home at an early age and then lived his life somewhere, somehow. He eventually ended up in Texas while the rest of the family resided in Ionia County. The family story, though, splits into two scenarios at this point. Both versions say he was working along the Texas/Mexico border, but one says he was a sheep herder. He was apparently doing his job when rustlers came upon the sheep. Somehow there was a scuffle, or maybe an ambush, and he was shot in the back and killed. It either happened in Texas or in Mexico, and the body was either never recovered, or nobody knows where he is buried.
The other version of the same story also takes place in either Mexico or Texas, but in this version, HE is the rustler and was shot in the back and killed by the herders. Again, we don't have a body. Right now the trail ends there. I found a man with the same name, and the right age (21 at the time), working as a soldier at Fort Clark, in Texas during the 1880 census, but I don't know if he is the right person.
Gilbert might be the true 'character' in my family history. Write to me about the characters in your family. They always spice things up. If you don't want to find these types of things in your family, stop researching right now! But what would be the fun in that? Wouldn't it be interesting to learn you are related to somebody who was a character?
By the way, you should vote on August 2nd. The new library needs your support, and the Hall Fowler Home would be a great museum for all the Ionia history stored in various places. Check citizens4icl.org, and decide for yourself (I would vote yes if I lived in Ionia).
— Jim Moses welcomes questions and suggestions at email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:0dd7bd10-d1a0-499b-9c76-388821721df2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sentinel-standard.com/story/lifestyle/columns/2022/07/22/jim-moses-my-family-character-characters/10105850002/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.991646 | 865 | 1.804688 | 2 |
High graduation rate for special needs students
Lavelle Prep Charter School has an ambitious goal: to graduate and prepare all students for college, even those with severe disabilities. Its motto, "Fair is not equal," means that students get the attention they need, and some students need more help than others. Most teachers are dually certified in special education.
Its graduation rate for children with disabilities is well above the citywide average.
The school opened in 2009 as a school for children in grades 6 to 12 at the Elizabeth A. Connelly Campus in Graniteville. It added grades 3 to 5 in 2016. The school serves students from all over Staten Island and getting to it can be quite a journey.
Special education: More than one-third of students have Individual Education Plans; some have disabilities so severe that they would otherwise be separated in special classes or schools. These students have a variety of emotional and behavioral problems and learning disabilities.
Admissions: Lottery. (Ayrn Bloodworth, 2011, updated August 2018)
Safety & Vibe
Faculty & Staff
Contact & Location
1 Teleport Drive
Staten Island NY 10311
Buses: S46, S62, S92, S96
Principal: Christopher Zilinski/Anthony Faiella
This school shares a building with four other schools | <urn:uuid:3fac3002-4a23-49b4-b526-432c3abc9730> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://insideschools.org/school/84R067 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.938226 | 330 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Today’s active high school student’s day is filled with busy class schedules, homework assignments, co-curricular activities, and family obligations. District 230 offers a Pupil Personnel Services (i.e. guidance counseling) program that provides an integrated system of support. Although the needs of individual students differ, each District 230 school is well prepared to provide the assistance necessary to support every student in the following areas:
– Academic and Career Guidance Services
– Social-Emotional Support Services
– Progressive Discipline Intervention
– Special Education Services
– Alternative Education Opportunities
While the guidance staff encourages students to take responsibility for many choices, we strongly encourage parents to be involved in the selection of their child’s courses. Students are scheduled for individual registration appointments with their counselor. Parents are welcome to attend their child’s registration appointment during the school day. Please call ahead to inform your child’s counselor that you wish to attend the meeting. Requests for changes to the course registration process may be made following the initial registration period in February. Available seats will determine whether requests can be accommodated.
Our staff is here to serve you to ensure that your student receives the support that he/she needs. We look forward to working with both our parents and our students. | <urn:uuid:0fe9a163-cf2f-44d9-8569-2f0afdc3b871> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chsd230.eduk8.me/guidance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.950385 | 264 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Editors of international academic journals are currently discussing banning contributions from academics affiliated with Russian institutions. I don’t normally talk about my war experiences, but my ex-Yugoslav perspective might be valuable here because I presume it is close to what many Russian colleagues in academia are going through right now.
I will assume that the reader has a long-term goal of seeing Putin removed from office. The TL;DR version is that people in education and arts are often opponents to dictators. What they need from us is support. If we punish them instead, some of their political energy that could be directed against Putin, will become redirected towards resenting the West. This will help Putin grow stronger.
A bit about me. I’m from Serbia, the part of ex-Yugoslavia that waged war on the rest of its country. I was 10 years old when Milošević came into power in 1989. We had recently returned from Boston where my dad, a researcher in visual perception, did a postdoc. It was clear to some that this new president was bad news, but nobody really believed a war could break out. Then Milošević set tanks on other parts of then-Yugoslavia in 1991, and chaos ensued. I was 21 when he was eventually removed from office.
In those early years, my parents would go to public protests in Belgrade and Milošević would answer them by bringing tanks out to the streets. My mom wanted to do something more, so she started working in an anti-war NGO. We were hungry for information about regions that our army was attacking, but local media couldn’t be trusted. Journalists would disappear overnight. To me, still a child, it looked like the entire world was dripping with violence.
My parents voted for the opposition from the start. The opposition got assassinated. My dad’s salary shrivelled to about £5 in today’s money. We were poor. Everyone was poor. Despite all this, by the time I was 16, I was leading an anti-war youth group that organised meetings with like-minded young people from Croatia and Bosnia, the countries we were at war with. So many people around us – so many of my parents’ colleagues and friends, many of them academics – felt the same, that none of this seemed heroic or even unusual. But outside our bubble, the roiling hatred swelled and swelled. Nothing could curb the monstrosity of war compounded by the guilt that atrocities were performed by my people. In my name.
At the same time, the West closed its doors to us. We tried to get out. My dad got a professorship at the University of Virginia, but when it came to leaving the country, sanctions got broadened to encompass education, and our visas got cancelled. We lost access to academic journals. Knowledge exchange became a thing of the past. But what was most deflating was the realisation that we were in this alone. We were Serbs in Serbia, and to everyone else that meant we were the bad guys.
There was, for a long time, this burning hope in many that the West would somehow become our allies in trying to stop Milošević. Academics always felt connected to the more liberal western world and many naively thought that the West feels a similar kinship with us. Instead, we were left with the feeling that it turned its back on us completely. And slowly, as the anguish and poverty and killing went on and on, a resentment towards the West began to build up. It continues to fester to this day. Luckily, lots of resentment among educated people from a depleted little country like Serbia has few practical consequences for anyone.
The problem with wars is that they draw stark national boundaries immediately and unapologetically. You are either Ukrainian or Russian, victim or warmonger. But the only nuance that should go out the window concerns victims. Right now, Ukrainians need immediate protection, no questions asked. Beyond that, if you don’t want to play Putin’s game of dividing people into worthy and unworthy nations, then an altogether different criterion is what matters: whether you are making moves that help him stay in power, or moves that work against him.
From the outside it can look like there is a pivotal moment to internal political change, but in reality, it is the downstream result of many smaller effects that, with luck, eventually come together in resonance. But small acts of resistance have their place, and they keep the energy going for larger acts. Some of these acts are happening right now in Russia. This is where some outside support could make a difference.
The West has placed broad sanctions on Russia without promise of revoking them if Putin pulls out of Ukraine, and this tells me that the end goal is not just stopping this war but also removing him from power. He can no longer be trusted to be even semi-reasonable.
There are various ways in which he might stop being in office. In principle, it could come through outside or inside efforts. From the outside, for instance, he could lose a war against a greater force such as NATO, but for now it seems that this sort of confrontation will not happen (thank goodness). Or he might stay in power until he is internally removed, or maybe he will die a peaceful death one day and only then will a successor will be chosen. Currently, our countries chose the path of using sanctions to create a pressure cooker situation with the hope that he will then be removed from office internally. The question is, who will be this force of change on the inside?
I feel compelled to note here that for the West, a situation where Putin is removed swiftly might be preferable, but a scenario where it takes many years during which Russia’s military and economic power completely dwindles… is not politically undesirable either. If the current situation doesn’t resolve soon, western sanctions could continue for a long time.
This is the context in which academic sanctions come into play, and in which their role and their duration should be considered. Change might come through creating broad powerlessness in everyone, but it is more likely to happen faster if Putin’s sources of strength are weakened while his opponents are empowered. Are Russian academics more likely to oppose him or to support him? There is no reason to think they are any different from our local colleagues in likelihood of supporting extreme right-wingers. Is it better if they feel they have the powerful West on their side, or if they feel that they are alone against Putin? Will Putin be harmed if fewer papers by Russian scientists get published in the Journal of Molecular Structure? Or will he be harmed more if a group of smart people get to keep their ties to the West? My opinions on this are clear: academic sanctions will harm those who have the potential to play a role in positive political change, and should not be applied to Russian scholars. We shouldn’t turn our backs on our colleagues.
To journal editors who are still wavering, I would suggest this: make sure you know what your end goal is, and try to operationalise it and then make a projection of how long that could reasonably take. If you decide to apply sanctions, declare at the outset under which conditions you will lift them. And consider carefully what this will do to fellow academics and science as a whole if these conditions are not fulfilled in the coming years or possibly even decades. | <urn:uuid:761a3a8e-66e2-401a-956e-a8e92b06f1e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://neuroanatody.com/2022/03/against-academic-sanctions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.981479 | 1,533 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Date posted: 19 May 2022
Social care doesn’t always get the recognition it deserves, and this makes moving into a care setting a difficult decision. But avoiding going into a care setting purely because of the stigma associated with social care can be catastrophic; a person might not get the appropriate support or care at home to keep them safe. This could result in falls, illness, infection, malnutrition, dehydration, wounds and more. Sometimes people being cared for at home, for the sake of staying at home, can bounce in and out of hospital, avoidably consuming NHS resources.
Read the blog in full at…
Care Commentary Source: New experiences, new friends – care homes can be a positive option | Care Commentary | <urn:uuid:8d38d4ea-39f8-4e8a-90b2-5985b5f91707> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://makinghomehome.com/2022/06/26/new-experiences-new-friends-care-homes-can-be-a-positive-option/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.949574 | 146 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Mediterranean Plant Conservation Unit of MAICh
Family Compositae (Asteraceae), synonym Crepis raulinii Boiss. Perennial with a stem usually erect up to 20(-40) cm in height, divaricately branched above. Basal leaves forming a rosette dentate or slightly lobed leaves, hairy or glabrous. Cauline leaves few, usually bract-like. Involucre cylindrical-campanulate. Outer bracts as long as inner. Receptable densely ciliate, with shiny hairs. Corolla up to 17 mm long, yellow to deep-yellow. Achenes 5-6,5 mm long.
Horstrissea dolinicola is a perennial herb; most of the plant grows underground. Its cylindrical root can be as long as 10 cm, whereas its leaves and inflorescences barely exceed 2-3 cm in height. This species was first described in 1990 and it is the only one belonging to the genus Horstrissea. It occurs only on Mt. Ida (Psiloritis mountain range) in central Crete at about 1500 m altitude, where it grows in a few limestone sinks (dolines). Its total population counts just a few dozen individuals in an area of about 3,000 m2.
Androcymbium rechingeri grows in small coastal areas of Western Crete (islet Imeri Gramvousa, Falassarna and Elafonissi). It is a small bulbous plant, up to 7 cm high and rarely surpasses 10 cm, with leaves up to 15 cm long. It flowers from December to February. Each plant has more than 4 white flowers and usually has pinkish veins. The seeds mature inside the capsules and the overground plant parts dry up at the end of May or beginning of June. | <urn:uuid:56e61da6-c3c1-4315-91e4-0c22d58b2f57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hbs.gr/persons/mediterranean-plant-conservation-unit-maich | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.925945 | 392 | 3.25 | 3 |
This week we feature Shade Sails in and around Melton in Melbourne’s west in the Shire of Melton.
The City of Hume is a fast growing corridor along the Western Freeway between Melbourne and Ballarat. The area is perfect for Shade Sails as it is mostly open and lacks tall trees.
Melton West Secondary College has an impressive collection of all tall khaki pyramid shades and a variety of coloured shade sails over its main playground and assembly area.
A large architectural Shade Sail can be found at the Melton Waves swimming centre. The dark blue hyperbolic Shade Sail makes a great visual statement and is secured to the fascia and two similarly coloured square metal posts.
See our examples of architectural Shade Sails.
Another Shade Sail can be found at the Melton Centrelink offices. A small courtyard area is enclosed by an unusually arranged set of triangular beige Shade Sails attached to five freestanding metal posts.
See more examples of courtyard shade.
Also nearby, a carwash (Pro Wash) features a large square and bright yellow Shade Sail attached to the garage and two freestanding square metal posts. | <urn:uuid:558221c8-32ac-426e-9cd3-96deda5971e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://1800shadeu.com.au/blog/shade-sail-inspector/shade-sails-melton | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.903105 | 236 | 1.835938 | 2 |
High-Tech & Design
Since the New York Times first used the term "high tech" way back in 1957 to describe Europe as being characterized by a high population density and level of technology, the concentration of scientific knowledge has become increasingly more advanced. These technologies reach an even higher level when they are applied to the industrial production sector with exceptional results.
Industrial design plays the crucial role of transferring these technologies and knowledge from the scientific world to the production sector and rendering them more accessible and suitable for industrial application. There are two primary objectives: to succeed in combining different technologies and conditions of use in the machinery, and to make the machines safe and simple for the operators.
Ease of use and ergonomics enable the operator to be faster and have greater precision in the performance of his tasks. This is a perfect application of lean manufacturing techniques.
Experimentation with new materials to build increasingly reliable machines makes them capable of withstanding great stress for lengthy periods. The result is lower production costs and an extension of the useful lifeaccording to the logic of less waste.
Design manages to convey the technological excellence behind the products and increases their perceived value. | <urn:uuid:c7b4a44c-4aa3-44ae-9d62-23aa3b9246f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mmdesign.eu/en/blog/11-high-tech-and-design | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.923935 | 233 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Solar panel growth could lead to a cut back in feed-in tarrifs due to oversupply issues during low demand periods reports The Guardian.
Clean Energy Regulator reported a record 3.5 million solar panels installed on rooftops on Australia last year. Increase in supply to the grid could force state governments to cut feed-in tariffs because there the oversupply makes this extra power “worthless”.
Here are the key takeaways:
If the government determines that the subsidies on oversupply to the grid has no value they may cut feed-in tariffs.
Other parties believe it would be more appropriate for the government to reform how the tariffs work to make them more cost effective.
Another solution could be to limit output to the grid during low demand periods. | <urn:uuid:ad14068e-ac7f-422b-9e53-0536383a880b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.solartrustcentre.com/blog/energy-oversupply-could-cut-feed-in-tariffs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.948355 | 162 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Parlez-vous francais? You might soon have to, at least to a certain level if you are a British expat living in France.
Reports in the French press this week revealed that if the UK was to cut itself off from France and the rest of the EU in June, then Paris would seize the opportunity to make French the official language of Europe once again and introduce some new rules.
While most of the reported measures focussed on issues such as making sure EU documents were only in French and that “Toilets” is changed to “Toilettes” on the doors of the wash rooms of the EU parliament building in Strasbourg, one highly provocative move will have a few British expats in France choking on their marmalade covered croissants.
The government would demand that all Brits in France prove they have reached a certain level of French or they could be forced into taking lessons at the Town Hall.
Simon Chalmers, a London-based lawyer specializing in EU law, said: “This move will come as a shock to many and will be of huge concern to everyone, but on the other hand we've been saying all along that if Britain cuts its legal ties to France and the EU then the French can simply do what they want.
“If the Brits quit, we expect the French will raise taxes on our second homes, move the border back home from Calais and ban British ski instructors in the Alps, but imposing minimum language requirements is something we hadn't thought of, but perhaps should have,” said Chalmers.
Another measure in the post-Brexit bill would effectively force Anglo businesses to have Gallic names and all services and products they offer will have to be written only in French on their websites or brochures.
British owners of companies and management level employees, known as cadres, will have to be able to speak what's been labelled as “dinner party” level French – a high standard that few can reach.
The Local understands the French government envisages adding the language tests to the annual tax declarations.
While the move is apparently being pushed by the Ministry of Culture, its origin lies with the guardians of the French language at the Académie Française, who are notorious for waging war against English.
In the event of a Brexit and the new laws being passed, the Académie's infamous mobile language patrols (see photo below) will turn their attention from fighting the rise of verlan (a kind of slang) in the suburbs to making sure strict new requirements on British expats are respected.
The patrols will carry out spot checks on businesses and locals around regions like the Provence and Brittany, where there are a large number of Brits.
And it seems like the Académie is already preparing for Britain to vote OUT in the June referendum – the photo above above was taken in the town of Sarlat in Dordogneshire, last month.
Mike Stevens, from northern England, who runs a removals service in the area, spotted the “Académie Française Contrôle” vehicle but at the time had no idea why it was there.
“I have to be honest, if they imposed any kind of language requirement on me I'd go out of business,” Stevens told The Local. “If those Académie folk turn up here again wanting to test my language, I'll tell them to F-off. Pardon my French.
“I came here four years ago, knowing four French words: 'Bonjour, biere and baise moi' and they've done me fine up to now.
“I know I am in France but if the French want to use my company then they should learn English. I'm not anti-French or anything, some of my best friends are frogs.
“But random language tests are ridiculous and I ain't opening no Tricolore text book again. I was going to vote Brexit, but this changes everything.”
Other British expats in France were far more receptive to the idea.
“Bravo! This is bonne nouvelle indeed,” said Elizabeth Maxwell, a London-born self-confessed lover of all things France, living in Paris.
“Language tests hold no fear for moi.”
“British expats who refuse to learn la langue française should rentrer chez eux. Bien sûr we should all speak French. I insist we speak it even among our English amis,” said Maxwell.
Although details of the annual tests and spot questions have not been released, it is believed they would vary depending on how long an expat had been in France.
New arrivals would be expected to answer a question like: Comment je peux aller a la gare (How do I get to the post office) while long term expats would need to show they can master the subjunctive whilst talking about cheese.
There had been a plan to involve French border police in the spot tests on Brits arriving in France, but unions threatened strike action saying it was unfair their staff should have to speak to members of the public.
A spokesman for the Home Office in Britain told The Local they couldn't comment as they were still trying to find someone who could speak French to translate the reports from the media.
But he dismissed any idea of a retaliatory measure being forced upon French expats in Britain.
“It just wouldn't have any impact. They speak English,” the spokesperson said.
France's ministry of culture responded to The Local's request to confirm the reports, but unfortunately we weren't able to understand what they said.
The Academie Française said they would only talk to French media.
This story, if you haven't guessed by now is not actually true and is part of The Local France's longstanding tradition of April Fools' jokes.
Hope you enjoyed it. You can put your French text books back in the cupboard now. | <urn:uuid:18b25ca3-cddb-4640-a717-38fbe625cde6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thelocal.fr/20160401/french-language-tests-planned-for-expats-over-brexit-fears/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.966879 | 1,272 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Create a Social Business
started with the engagement processes and the ways in which interaction and participation with social content can connect your audience with your brand (for better or for worse!). Built into the engagement process is a recognition of the new role of the customer, now much more of a participant in the marketplace and increasingly in the businesses and organizations that serve it. The final foundational element of the social business ecosystem and its collaborative processes exposed the collective knowledge of the Social Web and showed you how to use it in building, running, and evolving your business or organization. Collaboration between the business as a whole and its customers is the hallmark of a social business.
The Innovation Cycle
The combination of social-media-based marketing and the application of Social CRM is powerful. Connecting customer intelligence and what is learned through active listening deeply into your business results in a customer-driven innovation cycle. Driving your business or organization according to your business objectives is always your end goal. In combination with an understanding of your audience, your business objectives are what dictate the specific actions you need to take.
Understand the Conversations That Matter
Listening to the conversations in your marketplace is the starting point in becoming a business that deeply integrates customer input. The application of more rigorous analytics to these conversations yields clues as to how an organization might use this input to improve a product or service. It also reveals why the highly recommended crossfunctional work team approach to managing the Social Web is so essential.
Consider the Workload
If you’ve ever looked at conversational data pulled from the Social Web perhaps you’ve tried Google Alerts, for example, you’re no doubt thinking “Sounds great, but who’s going to filter through all of this?” If you’ve got a small brand, or you’re in an industry that isn’t talked about a lot, or you are a professional services consultant, realtor, or similar; you may have relatively few conversations that are of interest to you or require your attention.
If you’re Coke or Boeing or Bank of America, and in particular if your industry is in the news currently or is otherwise talk worthy, you may find yourself facing hundreds (or orders of magnitude more) of conversations daily. To get an idea of just how seriously businesses are taking social analytics, use Google to search for “Gatorade social media mission control.
Our team of experts will work with you and provide custom web design services that meet your unique needs and helps you achieve your business goals. Visit our website today to learn more!
Touchpoints are my passion. As a product manager, I was immediately drawn to the simple reality that everything I did in terms of product design came down to one customer moment. That moment is, of course, the point in time when a customer uses and experiences some aspect of the product I’d designed or brought to market. That moment, and only that moment, is the single truth that exists from the customer’s perspective. What happens when your customer plugs it in, turns it on, calls with a question, or shifts it into drive.
If you have also come across the alleged Jimmy John Shark photo, you must be curious to know more about his life. So here’s an insight into this billionaire’s net worth. | <urn:uuid:0f0dc05b-c68d-4577-9565-35bee185fe8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://naasongs.fun/social-technology-and-business-decisions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947768 | 689 | 1.578125 | 2 |
« ПредишнаНапред »
ARE ALL DREAMS UNTRUSTWORTHY?
to him, stating that he was now in another and a better world, from which he had found great difficulty in communicating with the friend he had left behind, and adding, as to that world, that “the hopes and wishes of its inhabitants were by no means satisfied, for, like those of the lower world, they still looked forward in the hope of eventually reaching a still happier state of existence."'*
Those who believe that they have sufficient evidence, in other examples, of the reality of such revisitings, will probably conclude, as the biographer states Smellie himself to have believed even to the day of his death, that his friend Greenlaw had actually appeared to him; but it is evident that a different interpretation may be put on the incident; for it is clearly supposable, in this case, as in that of the war-worn soldier in Campbell's ballad, that the longing of the day may have engendered the vision of the night.
But while we admit, what the facts abundantly prove, that, in a great majority of instances, dreams are, or may be, either the breaking forth in sleep of a strong desire, or the offspring of fancy running riot beyond the control of the judgment, or else the result of suggestion, sometimes direct and intentional, more frequently proceeding, apparently by accident, from antecedent thoughts or emotions, there remain to be dealt with certain exceptional cases, which do not seem to be properly included in any of the above categories. To judge understandingly of these, it behooves us to examine them somewhat in detail.
We may dispose, preliminarily, of one class, as evi. dently susceptible of simple and natural explanation; those, namely, which, more or less distinctly, bring about their own fulfillment.
* “Memoirs of the Life, Writings, and Correspondence of William Smellie, F.R.S. and F.A.S.,” by Robert Kerr, F.R.S., Edinburgh, 1811, p. 187.
THE LOCKSMITH'S APPRENTICE.
Such, for example, is an old story, mentioned by several Italian authors, of a merchant, traveling between Rome and Sienna, who dreamed that he was murdered on the road. His host, to whom he told his dream, advised him to pray and confess. He did so, and was afterward assassinated on the way by the very priest to whom, in confession, he had communicated the knowledge of his wealth and his apprehensions.
A case of similar character, occurring a few years since near Hamburg, was given at the time in the newspapers of the day. The apprentice of a certain locksmith of that city, named Claude Soller, one day informed his master that the night before he had dreamed that he had been murdered on the road between Hamburg and Bergsdorff. His master laughingly told him he had just then a hundred and forty rix-dollars to send to his brother-in-law in Bergsdorff; and, to prove to him how ridiculous it was to believe in such omens, he (the apprentice) should be the bearer of it. The young man, after vainly remonstrating, was compelled to set out, which he did, about eleven o'clock in the day. Arrived half-way, at the village of Billwaerder, and recollecting, with terror, the particulars of his dream, he called upon the baillie of the village, found him engaged with some workmen, related to him, in their presence, his dream, mentioned the sum of money he had with him, and begged that some one might be allowed to accompany him through a small wood that lay in his way. The baillie, smiling at his fears, bade one of the workmen go with him as he desired. The next day the body of the apprentice was found, his throat cut, and a bloody reaping-hook near the body. It was afterward proved that the man who accompanied him had used that very reaping-book some time before, to cut willows. He was apprehended, confessed his crime, and declared that it
was the recital of the dream which had prompted him to its commission.
In some cases the connection between the influence of the dream and its fulfillment, though we may admit its possibility, is not so clearly made out. A romantic example— perfectly authenticated, however I here translate from Macario's work on Sleep.
HOW A PARIS EDITOR OBTAINED A WIFE.
In a small town of Central France, Charité-sur-Loire, in the Department of Nièvre, there lived a young girl, of humble rank, being the daughter of a baker, but remarkable for her grace and beauty. There were several aspirants for her hand, of whom one, on account of his fortune, was favored by her parents. The girl, however, not liking him, rejected his proposals of marriage. The parents insisted; and finally the daughter, pressed by their importunities, repaired to the church, prostrated herself before the image of the Virgin, and earnestly prayed for counsel and guidance in the choice of a husband.
The following night she dreamed that there passed before her a young man, in a traveler's dress, with spectacles, and wearing a large straw hat; and a voice from within seemed to tell her that he was to be her husband. As soon as she awoke, she sought her parents, told them, respectfully, but firmly, that she had positively decided not to accept the man of their choice; and from thenceforward they no longer pressed the matter.
Some time afterward, at a village ball, she recognized the young traveler, just as he had appeared in her dream. She blushed. He was attracted by her appearance, fell in love, as the phrase is, at first sight, and after a brief interval they were married. Her husband is M. Emile de la Bédollière, one of the editors of the Paris journal the “Siècle;" and, in a letter to Dr.
Macario, dated Paris, 13th December, 1854, he certifies to the accuracy, in every particular, of the above relation, adding other details. He states that it was at a subscription ball, held in August, 1833, at the house of a man named Jacquemart, which he visited in company with his friend, Eugène Lafaure, that he first saw his future wife, Angèle Bobin; that her emotion on seeing him was apparent, and that he ascertained from the lady at whose pension the young girl then was, Mademoiselle Porcerat by name, that she who afterward became Madame de la Bédollière had given to her teacher, long before his own accidental appearance for the first time at La Charité, an accurate description of his person and dress.*
In this case, though the coincidence seems remarkable, we may, as to the matter of personal resemblance, allow something to chance and something to latitude of imagination in an enthusiastic young girl. For the rest, the conscious blush of a village beauty was sufficient to attract the attention and interest the heart of a young traveler, perhaps of ardent and impressible temperament. It would be presumptuous positively to assert that these considerations furnish the true explanation. But the possibility is to be conceded that they may do so.
So in another case, the dream or vision of Sir Charles Lee's daughter, in which, however, it was death, not marriage, that was foreshadowed. Though it occurred nearly two hundred years ago, it is very well authenticated, having been related by Sir Charles Lee himself to the Bishop of Gloucester, and by the Bishop of Gloucester to Beaumont, who published it, soon after he
*“ Du Sommeil, des Rêves, et du Somnambulisme," by Dr. Macario, ExDeputy of the Sardinian Parliament, Lyons, 1857, pp. 80, 81.
heard it, in a postscript to his well-known “Treatise of Spirits." Thence I transcribe it.
THE BISHOP OF GLOUCESTER'S STORY. “ Having lately had the honor to hear a relation of an apparition from the Lord Bishop of Gloucester, and it being too late for me to insert it in its proper place in this book, I give it you here by way of postscript, as follows:
“Sir Charles Lee, by his first lady, had only one daughter, of which she died in childbirth; and, when she was dead, her sister, the Lady Everard, desir'd to have the education of the child; and she was by her very well educated till she was marriageable; and a match was concluded for her with Sir William Perkins, but was then prevented in an extraordinary manner. Upon a Thursday night, she, thinking she saw a light in her chamber after she was in bed, knock'd for her maid, who presently came to her; and she asked why she left a candle burning in her chamber. The maid said she left none, and there was none but what she brought with her at that time. Then she said it was the fire; but that, her maid told her, was quite out, and said she believed it was only a dream ; whereupon she said it might be so, and compos’d herself again to sleep. But about two of the clock she was awaken'd again, and saw the apparition of a little woman between her curtain and her pillow, who told her she was her mother, that she was happy, and that by twelve o'clock that day she should be with her. Whereupon she knock'd again for her maid, called for her clothes, and, when she was dress’d, went into her closet, and came not out again till nine, and then brought out with her a letter sealed to her father, brought it to her aunt, the Lady Everard, told her what had happen'd, and desir'd that, as soon as she was dead, it might be sent to him. But | <urn:uuid:4b1e8fa0-0adf-457f-bd22-ccb60b1f42a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.bg/books?id=4SgCAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA147&focus=viewport&vq=%22And+is+there+care+in+Heaven%3F+And+is+there+love+In+heavenly+spirits+to%22&dq=editions:HARVARD32044029914702&lr=&hl=bg&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.989432 | 2,168 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Hot-rolled steel sheet piling (or steel sheet piling) has a long history of successful use in a wide variety of both permanent and temporary structures, including coastal and inland port facilities. In the United States, unlike structural steel and reinforced concrete, no national design codes cover steel sheet piling design. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) manual EM 1110- 2-2504, Design of Sheet Pile Walls provides good overall design guidance; however, it is not an adopted specification.
Recently, the North American Steel Sheet Piling Association (NASSPA) undertook a study to examine common practices and design standards utilized for design of hot-rolled steel sheet piling in North America. This work included an extensive literature search on information related to steel sheet piling materials, design provisions, loading conditions, and appurtenances such as bracing and anchor design. This paper summarizes some of those results as they relate to port facilities.
Steel sheet piling is available in a variety of profiles, whose design properties are published in the various manufacturers’ catalogs. Material production and properties are covered under existing ASTM International Specifications (ASTM), which are referenced in the various design references. Material properties and data on bracing and anchorage materials are also readily available and covered by ASTM or other nationally recognized standards. Some design engineers continue to specify steel sheet piling with minimum yield strength of (Fy) of 270 Mpa, (38.5 kips per square inch (ksi)), instead of what may be considered an industry standard of 345 MPa (50 ksi), or higher. Using larger yield strengths leads to more economical designs.
For permanent structures, particularly if located in a marine environment, evaluating the potential corrosion losses and selecting appropriate protection measures, if needed, is an important component of the design process. Corrosion rate data is available in U.S. reference documents, but much of it is old, fragmented, and inconsistent. “The Euro Code 3 – Part 5: Piling” does provide good guidance, but may not be acceptable to some American owners. | <urn:uuid:fb42605b-c323-4065-a993-e9874a28d67a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.porttechnology.org/technical-papers/assessing_u-s-_practices_for_waterfront_steel_sheet_pile_walls/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.918766 | 431 | 2.40625 | 2 |
A Closer Look at Energy-Efficient Remodeling Solutions Apr 16th, 2013 If you’re a homeowner looking for green solutions while putting together the scope of your next home remodeling project, the Energy Star program is always a good place to start. If you’re not familiar with it, the Energy Star program is a voluntary program overseen by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that includes specific products and initiatives in a tax credit incentive for green improvements to a primary residence. These independently-rated Energy Star products must lower the consumption of energy without sacrificing the functionality or features of the item. While not all Energy Star products qualify for tax credits, there are several that are eligible when purchased through December 31, 2013. Four energy-efficient product groups that are notable for home remodeling projects in San Diego and the surrounding area are non-solar hot water heaters; heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems; metal and asphalt roofs; and windows and doors. If you’re considering making eco-friendly changes in any of these areas, you might want to look at the options available in Energy Star products with your design-build remodeling team. Hot Water Heaters A new hot water heater might be on the horizon for your laundry room and bathroom remodeling projects, since most hot water heaters last from 10 to 25 years, depending on the models. According to EnergyStar.com statistics, they also consume between 14 and 25 percent of your home’s energy. Energy-efficient models include gas, propane and oil water heaters and electric heat pump water heaters with a high thermal efficiency rating. HVAC There are several green options in HVAC products today, including air source heat pumps, central air conditioning (CAC), and natural or propane gas or oil furnace systems which use combustion to generate heat. Windows and Doors New or replacement windows, doors and skylights with the Energy Star label can reduce the energy efficiency of your home. Windows and doors in new home additions and in existing framework can also qualify for tax credits. Roofs If your roof needs to be replaced or you’re putting in an addition on your San Diego home, you’ll find that certain roofing products reflect solar rays more efficiently, which can lower the surface temperature of your roof by up to 100 degrees, according to Energy Star statistics. This translates to less heat transferred into your home. Look for metal roofing with “appropriate pigmented coatings” and asphalt roofing with “appropriate cooling granules.” If you’re interested in eco-friendly products to include in remodeling projects for your San Diego room additions or renovations, be sure to discuss it with your design build team. There are ways to go greener in almost every change you make. | <urn:uuid:277111ec-f13a-498e-8f86-0770e14c5808> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.larsremodel.com/remodeling-tips/a-closer-look-at-energy-efficient-remodeling-solutions | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.931385 | 578 | 1.984375 | 2 |
There’s an epidemic sweeping the Vogue offices this fall—and we’re not talking about the common cold. More and more editors have been spotted wearing a covetable fur-lined loafer or patent slide on one foot....and a thick black aircast on the other. The cause of their sartorially compromising condition? An unsupportive pair of flats. “I always assumed [the casts] were prescribed due to stiletto injuries,” says Vogue Bookings Director Helena Suric, who recently sustained a strained Achilles after logging regular laps around One World Trade Center in a deficiently supportive pair of ballet slippers—and it turns out she's not an exceptional case study.
“There are a lot of diagnoses attributed to heels, but there are just as many caused by flats,” explains Chicago-based podiatrist Dr. Megan Leahy, D.P.M. When a heel is too low, or the toe of a shoe too tight, the natural distribution of pressure in a step becomes concentrated and strained, causing injuries that can lead all the way from the toe to the knee, back, hips, and even shoulders.
When it comes to flats-induced injuries, “most commonly you’re talking about heel pain caused by plantar fasciitis,” says David A Schofield, D.P.M., who explains that the constant trauma of landing hard on your heel, and the lack of arch support can cause the band of tissue running the length of your foot (the plantar fascia) to stretch and tear. Alternately, shoes that don’t provide enough room for the front of the foot can lead to nerve inflammation, arising when toes cannot spread to distribute weight along the metatarsal bone.
Both doctors agree, however, that avoiding the air boot, or worse, is a simple matter of paying attention. “I think some of us are under the impression that a little foot pain is normal, especially when you’re breaking something in,” says Leahy. “But foot pain is almost never normal.” If pain, fatigue, and swelling from new shoes, vertiginous heels, or waifish slippers persists longer than one day, she suggests paying a visit to your podiatrist. In addition to assessing any underlying issues, custom orthotics can be made to address the specific structural contours of your own foot and will fit into even the lowest of leather frames. For a quicker, albeit less-tailor-made fit, she suggests Super Feet’s over-the-counter inserts, which slip easily into ballet flats.
Similarly, wearing suspect shoes in moderation (a few hours, preferably seated) should save your soles without narrowing your wardrobe. “I use the same rule of thumb for flats that I do for higher heels,” says Schofield. “[If you] will be on your feet all day, keep a pair of shoes with you that’s more comfortable, then when you need to be in presentation or public mode, go ahead and wear the shoe.”
Beyond that, the final solution may surprise you. “I was told to start wearing heels immediately,” says Suric of her own podiatrist’s temporary suggestion. According to Leahy, a two-inch lift in the back of your shoe is just the right height to take pressure off of the Achilles tendon and relieve pain caused by planter fasciitis. Just the excuse we've been looking for to stock up on Tabitha Simmons’s mid-heel pumps and Rochas’s low-slung Mary Janes. | <urn:uuid:b241e652-35b7-4070-bd0f-96c8c1bf627e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vogue.com/article/why-flats-are-dangerous-for-your-feet-injuries | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.940501 | 769 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Protesters meet US military convoys streaming through Europe ‘preparing for war’
Dozens of US military convoys will be hogging Europe’s roadways this week as part of an exercise designed to improve transportation logistics on the continent in case of war. But not all locals are happy about it.
Destined for the three Baltic states and Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, and Hungary, the convoys are part of a brigade of 3,300 US troops, who along with their 2,500 pieces of equipment recently docked in Antwerp, Belgium. Their arrival in Europe is part of Operation Atlantic Resolve, Washington’s ongoing response to the Ukraine crisis and Crimea’s reunification with Russia in 2014.
"Sometimes what is old is new again, and that is coming in here," Maj. Gen. Steven Shapiro, commander of 21st Theater Sustainment Command, which supports US military operations in Europe, told reporters earlier this month. "Antwerp and Rotterdam were major ports when we were operating during the Cold War… We are coming back to Antwerp in a big way."
The military hardware will move across Europe via river barge, rail, and road. Officials described the deployment as a large-scale exercise focusing on improving logistics skills that would be needed in case war breaks out in Europe.
The US troop movement across Europe has been described as one of the largest of its kind since the end of the Cold War – and, true to tradition, has already faced opposition from unwelcoming locals.
US convoys traveling through Germany on their way to Poland have faced the discontent of locals – and governments.
"I think that it doesn't help us in the long run if tanks drive up and down both sides of the border," Dietmar Woidke, Brandenburg's state premier, said earlier this year. However, a government spokesman took a more neutral approach to the troop movements in a statement released on Monday.
Government concerns aside, a few dozen protesters were waiting for US military vehicles as they traveled east along Brandenburg’s country roads.
"We didn't want them just to pass by without any opposition," Diana Golze, the labor and social affairs minister for the state of Brandenburg, who attended the demonstration, told DW. "We think this isn't a good time for the relocation of troops to the border between Poland and Russia… There needs to be a diplomatic path, and not just saber-rattling."
A local who attended the small demonstration with a sign reading “Amis go home” – a slightly pejorative term for Americans – told the German outlet: “We never experienced the Russians having evil intentions. And now trying to stir us all up against each other is not in the interests of German people — neither the people in the west or the east. There are other powers behind this that want us to fight each other.”
Another protester told DW: “I’m here to stop the madness of American soldiers being sent to the Russian border, but apparently hardly anyone is interested around here.”
The eastward-bound convoys follow 2015’s ‘Dragoon Ride’ exercises, in which around 120 vehicles, mainly Stryker AFVs, drove 1,770 kilometers through Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, Latvia, and the Czech Republic, with their final destination being Germany. Similar exercises were held a year later.
During their maneuvers, a number of convoys were confronted by protesters in cities and towns across Germany and the Czech Republic. At the time, Czechs were even reminded that throwing tomatoes or eggs at the US vehicles was punishable with up to three years in prison.
One particularly resourceful Czech resorted to a different tactic: He dropped his trousers and ‘mooned’ a passing convoy. The former lieutenant in the Czech Armed Forces said in an interview this week that he plans on organizing new acts of public disobedience to protest Prague’s continued culpability in US military actions that threaten European security.
Think your friends would be interested? Share this story! | <urn:uuid:a58e12b4-23cf-4a2e-829b-1502ed47f213> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rt.com/news/428350-us-military-europe-movement-germany/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.974512 | 847 | 1.695313 | 2 |
“Most Democrats seem to be to be on board with narrowing the differential in between the tax level on funds gains and standard cash flow, but there is opposition for managing the fees as the identical,” wrote analysts with Beacon Plan Advisors, a political consultancy. “This signifies there’s probably a middle ground for elevating the money gains price on best earners to, say, 28 %.”
If shares ongoing their climb, it would mainly be in keeping with prior intervals when cash gains taxes were elevated.
In 2013, when the tax rose to the recent 23.8 p.c, from 15 per cent, on People with the optimum incomes, the S&P 500 climbed virtually 30 %. It was the finest yr for shares in the very last two decades. And right after the prime rate rose to 28 per cent, from 20 percent, at the finish of 1986, the industry ongoing to roar increased, by virtually 40 p.c by means of most of 1987.
Stocks ultimately experienced their worst single-day collapse ever on Black Monday in Oct 1987, but that crash had minimal to do with tax policy, and the markets ended the year a little increased. In 1991, a little maximize to 28.9 p.c in the money gains charge for all those with the biggest incomes coincided with a 26 p.c rise in the S&P 500. The significant driver for that achieve had nothing at all to do with taxes it was the emergence from a economic downturn.
In the same way, investors look to be focusing on evidence that the financial state is on the brink of breakneck development. That surge is getting fueled by a river of federal govt spending, rock-bottom desire premiums and much more Covid-19 vaccinations. In the initially a few months of the yr, the economic climate grew at an annualized clip of 6.4 p.c. At that rate, 2021 would be the ideal 12 months for growth because 1984.
Economic progress and corporate gains tend to rise together. And indications of additional oomph in the financial system are by now showing up in earnings studies from publicly traded organizations.
Tech giants these types of as Tesla, Microsoft, Amazon, Apple and Google’s dad or mum corporation, Alphabet, all documented to start with-quarter revenue that trounced analyst expectations. | <urn:uuid:9c38fcaf-ac86-492a-9a25-0ed9ee9eb396> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://denizmediterraneannyc.com/why-bidens-program-to-raise-taxes-for-prosperous-traders-is-not-hurting-stocks.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.959813 | 480 | 1.710938 | 2 |
What can schools do today to improve comfort and indoor air quality in school classrooms?
In Europe, the building sector accounts for about 40 % of total final energy use (Economidou, 2011). It thereby represents the largest energy use sector. Our building stock thus harbours enormous potential to save energy, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, in a cost-effective way. Also school buildings can play an important role, as today they are often not up to standards.
Clearly, there is a need to make school buildings more energy efficient. But at the same time, indoor comfort and air quality are equally important. As a matter of fact, the promise of energy use and cost reduction alone will not carry needed energy transition. There is a need for ambitious renovations that reduce energy use and at the same time improve indoor comfort and air quality. Studies show that thermal comfort and air quality significantly impact student’s ability to concentrate and perform cognitive tasks.
Based on numerous studies, there is a reason to believe that indoor comfort and air quality are often unsatisfactory. This project aims to support sensible solutions for this issue, mainly:
- to map the current conditions with regard to comfort and air quality in our schools,
- to raise awareness amongst all stakeholders,
- to reveal cost-effective straightforward measures that schools can take today,
- to aid policy makers in defining sensible comfort and air quality criteria and in putting forward sensible roadmaps to improve school building performance.
There are two sides to comfort and air quality conditions in school classrooms: the actual conditions that we can measure, and how students and teachers perceive them.
The aim of this project is to raise awareness and shed light on the underlying physical phenomena. With small experiments and some analytical work, students are given insight into their impact on air quality, as well as the impact of heating and ventilation.
It is planned to measure indoor air conditions using wireless battery-powered devices that can measure up to 10 parameters at once. These parameters include air temperature, relative humidity, VOC’s, CO2, sound, light. The wireless sensing devices send data to secure online servers by means of the mobile data network.
It is also planned to to perform short surveys, querying students and teachers about how they perceive indoor climate. | <urn:uuid:9b57392c-fd6f-4a96-a3be-93be20f82da4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://britec.igf.edu.pl/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.94437 | 462 | 3.28125 | 3 |
HEAVEN'S DAILY BREAD
Topical devotional bible readings filled with wisdom, inspirations and amazing new discoveries.
21 With her much fair speech she caused him to yield, with the flattering of her lips she forced him.
22 He goeth after her straightway, as an ox goeth to the slaughter, or as a fool to the correction of the stocks;
23 Till a dart strike through his liver; as a bird hasteth to the snare, and knoweth not that it is for his life. | <urn:uuid:4cb6c6fe-dcbf-4c31-abed-b1f4d1e4d0fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.anewdayministries.org/heavens-daily-bread/giving-into-lustful-women | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.979262 | 123 | 1.523438 | 2 |
A functional programming language designed by R.M. Burstall, D.B. MacQueen and D.T. Sanella at University of Edinburgh in 1978. It is a large language supporting user-defined prefix, infix or distfix operators. Hope has polymorphic typing and allows overloading of operators which requires explicit type declarations. Hope has lazy lists and was the first language to use call-by-pattern.It has been ported to Unix, Macintosh, and IBM PC. See also Hope+, Hope+C, Massey Hope, Concurrent Massey Hope. ftp://brolga.cc.uq.oz.au/pub/hope. [R.M.Burstall, D.B.MacQueen, D.T.Sanella, "HOPE: An experimental applicative language", Proc. 1980 Lisp conf., Stanford, CA, p.136-143, Aug 1980]. ["A HOPE Tutorial", R. Bailey, BYTE Aug 1985, pp.235-258]. ["Functional Programming with Hope", R. Bailey, Ellis Horwood 1990].
Last updated: 1992-11-27 | <urn:uuid:69aeafaa-431d-4c26-bbc9-f183948cd2c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://foldoc.org/HOPE | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.814599 | 240 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Throughout history, humans have been drawn to coastal areas, running the risks of storms and inundation for the great benefits these areas provide: rich food resources, building materials and transport routes. Recent population growth has also been disproportionately represented in the coastal zone, with immigration adding to natural growth, leading to rapid expansion of coastal settlements, aquaculture and agriculture. Unfortunately, the vulnerability of coastal peoples has also risen disproportionately.
Sea level rise, warming waters and changes in storm patterns are already affecting coastal areas. Natural ecosystems may help to counter their impacts: binding sediments, reducing waves and growing upwards as sea levels rise, thereby protecting coastal lands and populations from erosion, inundation and storm impacts.
This capacity of natural ecosystem to provide protection is important in many locations: where nature provides other critical services, for food or recreation; where engineered defenses are too costly; or where adjacent lands are of low value and considered not worth extensive investment. The ability of ecosystems to perform these functions is highly variable, however, and so it is vital that we understand when and where ecosystems can help to protect coastlines. Such natural coastal protection depends on the local conditions and the structure of the ecosystems themselves. This is explored in more detail in ecosystem-specific pages, but the table below gives and indication of some the elements that make coastal ecosystems more or less suitable as a form of coastal defense.
Coastlines are among the most dynamic environments on earth. They are constantly shaped by waves, winds, tides and storms. Natural ecosystems thrive amidst this change, and indeed have developed the capacity to shape that change. Mangroves and salt marshes capture the moving sediments and help to reduce waves. Offshore coral reefs act as breakwaters, and further create the rock and sand to build islands and beaches.
Mangroves grow in the upper inter-tidal zone and are found predominantly in the warm coastal areas from the tropics to some warm temperate regions, where they can form extensive forests. Mangroves are highly productive ecosystems, especially in areas where freshwater from rivers or rainfall enhances growth. They provide critical coastal protection from waves and storms, habitat or nursery areas for fish and shellfish and support the lives and livelihoods of millions of people world-wide through the provision of food, timber and fuelwood.
While large areas of mangroves are being lost through coastal development and the expansion of aquaculture, several studies have shown that mangroves are natural coastal engineers.
The following reports are available for download and show that around the globe, mangroves reduce wind swell and waves, reduce storm surge along coasts, and that mangrove surfaces are rising at similar rates to sea level rise in a number of locations.
For more resources (reports on mangroves) visit the Coastal Resilience Resource Library on the Conservation Gateway
Coral reefs alone provide substantial protection against natural hazards by reducing the strength of waves. Experts estimate that approximately 100 million or more people around the world benefits from healthy coral reefs. Studies show that coral reefs can provide comparable protection against harmful waves as artificial breakwaters (such as sea walls).
For more resources (reports and journal articles) on coral reefs visit the Coastal Resilience Resource Library on the Conservation Gateway.
For more information about coral reef resilience, visit the Reef Resilience Network.
Oysters provide substrate in an otherwise flat world – oysters grow in 3-D reef structures that provide habitat for many other species including recreational and commercial fish, create nursery habitat for fish and crabs and can provide small animals shelter from larger predators. Reefs provide attachment points for other colonizing species which can be important food sources for fish, shrimp, and crabs.
Shellfish reefs are natural breakwaters that can stabilize shorelines, help to build wetlands, reducing runoff and the amount of suspended sediment in the water column, thus increasing water quality.
For more resources (reports and journal articles) on the value of services provided to humans by oyster reefs visit the Oyster Goals Project on the Conservation Gateway.
Saltmarshes are widespread over vast stretches of low-energy coastlines and sheltered bays and estuaries. They are increasingly being described as important buffers between land and sea – binding sediments and reducing wave action.
For more resources (reports and journal articles) on salt marshes visit the Coastal Resilience Resource Library on the Conservation Gateway.
Natural Coastal Protection
The Conservancy’s Natural Coastal Protection project is a collaborative work to review the growing body of evidence as to how, and under what conditions natural ecosystems can and should be worked into strategies for coastal protection. This site is intended to be a dynamic portal for that work, communicating to partners and practitioners, explaining the science, providing more detailed scientific reviews as downloads, and linking to the work of partners and to other related work.
This work falls within the Coastal Resilience Program at the Conservancy. This Program includes a broad array of research and action bringing together science and policy in review, support and case study efforts to enable the development of resilient coasts, where nature forms part of the solution.
Natural coastal protection is the protection of coastal lands and populations from erosion, inundation and storm impacts by natural systems.
Ecosystem Based Adaptation
Societies across the world are facing the need to adapt to changing conditions associated with natural disasters and climate change. Farmers are altering crops and agricultural methods to deal with changing rainfall and rising temperature; architects and engineers are redesigning buildings; planners are looking at managing water supplies to deal with droughts or flooding.
Most ecosystems show a remarkable ability to adapt to change, and also to buffer surrounding areas from the impacts of change. Forests can bind soils and hold large volumes of water during times of plenty, releasing it through the year; floodplains can absorb vast volumes of water during peak flows; coastal ecosystems can hold out against storms – attenuating waves and reducing erosion. Beyond this, other ecosystem services – such as food provision, timber, materials, medicines and recreation – can provide a valuable buffer to societies in the face of changing conditions.
Ecosystem Based Adaptation has been defined as “The use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help people to adapt to the adverse effects of climate change. This includes the sustainable management, conservation and restoration of specific ecosystems that provide key services.”*
For more resources (reports and journal articles) on Ecosystem Based Adaptation visit the Coastal Resilience Resource Library on the Conservation Gateway.
* Convention on Biological Diversity’s ad hoc Technical Expert Group on Biodiversity and Climate Change (AHTEG) | <urn:uuid:d300ef44-7c8b-4a17-9706-ac87b1c0e44b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coastalresilience.org/natural-solutions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.923561 | 1,364 | 4.0625 | 4 |
StoryWalk Among Latest Amenity Vandalized at Rolling Meadows Park District
On Aug. 1, Rolling Meadows Park District and Rolling Meadows Library proudly unveiled a permanent StoryWalk® along the path from Community Center Park to the library.
A little more than two months later, nearly a dozen of the displays stood vandalized, with the protective coverings shattered and pages of the book cut. The vandalism was discovered in the early morning hours of Monday, Oct. 4. In addition to the StoryWalk® damage, garbage cans were thrown into the creek along the path.
"We're beyond disappointed to see someone purposefully damage this new amenity we put here for the community to enjoy as they walked or biked the path," Rolling Meadows Park District Executive Director Kevin Romejko said. "What's especially frustrating is this isn't the first time in recent months our parks have been vandalized. We've incurred thousands of dollars in damage from people destroying our parks and facilities for no reason. It's heartbreaking."
Repairs to the StoryWalk® will cost $500, Romejko said. In the past three months, the District has incurred property damage in excess of $6,000.
The recent damage includes:
• July 4, 2021: Lamp post cracked and knocked over in Kimball Hill Park
• July 4, 2021: Compressor turned off on the roof of West Meadows Ice Arena, causing the rink to melt and closing the facility for a day.
• Aug. 30, 2021: Sink and soap dispenser ripped out of the wall in the men'; s bathroom at Kimball Hill Park. Red substance tossed on the wall and floor in one of the stalls.
• Sept. 26, 2021: Lamp post cracked and knocked over a second time in Kimball Hill Park
Romejko said he is aware of the various TikTok challenges currently trending that involve harming public property and encourages parents to talk to their children about respecting themselves, others and their community. Anyone who sees someone vandalizing park district property should not confront the individual(s), but inform the Rolling Meadows Park District or Rolling Meadows Police Department.
"We've had several conversations surrounding whether we should consider installing cameras throughout our parks, but with 156 acres of parkland, that's not a viable solution logistically or financially," Romejko said. "We know these incidents, while upsetting, are not a true reflection of our community and we're counting on the public to keep us informed if they witness this type of destruction. This is also an excellent opportunity for parents to remind their kids about the serious consequences of vandalism and encourage them to make positive choices to help their communities -- maybe volunteer for one of our events or participate in our annual Community Cleanup Day."
Like Romejko, Lucia Khipple, director of Youth Services for Rolling Meadows Library was disappointed to discover the damage Monday morning.
"I am saddened to see the vandalism that occurred on the StoryWalk," Khipple said. "I know that it is being enjoyed by so many local families, so I look forward to its repair and continuing success."
The StoryWalk® project was created through a partnership with Rolling Meadows Park District, Rolling Meadows Park District Foundation, Rolling Meadows Library and Friends of the Rolling Meadows Library. A Grand Opening was held on Aug. 1, with children from the community cutting a ribbon to debut the new feature, followed by face painting, balloon animals and a bubble show.
Founded in 2007 by Anne Ferguson of Montpelier, Vermont, and developed in collaboration with the Kellogg-Hubbard Library, StoryWalk® was created to promote a love of reading and physical activity. | <urn:uuid:9a560952-d538-4cc2-a1cd-6271ae084171> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://edit.dailyherald.com/submitted/20211005/storywalk-among-latest-amenity-vandalized-at-rolling-meadows-park-district | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.95904 | 744 | 1.515625 | 2 |
The number of companies proclaiming their intent to go net-zero by 2050 has expanded exponentially in the past 12 months, but the ones short-cutting that commitment by a decade are a rarer breed.
In mid-January, PepsiCo joined that club with a strategy to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 40 percent across its entire value chain by 2030 and to reach the elusive net-zero emissions status 10 years before it’s called for by the Paris Agreement. The latter commitment is one touted by members of The Climate Pledge, orchestrated by Amazon and Global Optimism, although PepsiCo isn’t a member of that campaign as of this writing.
The same week that PepsiCo announced its new ambition, the company’s foundation extended the terms of its 14-year-long relationship with the Inter-American Development Bank — with initiatives including a fund meant to promote the inclusion of women in regenerative, sustainable agricultural models in Latin America. The extension will see $6 million more invested through 2026, initially in the Dominican Republic, Ecuador and Guatemala.
Even though the foundation is a separate entity, there is a close link between its mission and the company’s sustainability goals, according to senior executives. These initiatives, for example, are thought of in terms of years rather than months.
“We have to have the certainty that the community will invest the time and willingness to go on with a program for several years, and we need to create awareness,” said PepsiCo’s Latin America CEO, Paula Santilli, when I asked her about how communities are selected. “We choose mathematically and analytically and concentrate on those communities on the wrong side of the poverty line.”
I’ve got history in sustainability, but I’m a business guy.
In addition to Santilli, I recently chatted with PepsiCo Chief Sustainability Officer Jim Andrew about the link between sustainability and community development, as well as the strategy behind some other developments announced as part of its updated climate strategy — such as its new Sustainable from the Start product development philosophy and two new internal carbon pricing programs meant to embed climate-centric thinking into everyday business decisions. Andrew, an avid scuba diver who joined PepsiCo about 4.5 years ago after heading strategy and innovation at Royal Philips, took over as CSO after Simon Lowden retired last fall.
“I think speed is of the essence, not just for PepsiCo, but for the whole world, for the planet and all the people in it,” Andrew told me when I asked for the motivation behind the accelerated goal. Following is a transcript of our discussion, edited for clarity and length.
Heather Clancy: The goals were finalized alongside the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Did that experience influence the final shape of the climate goals? Was anything adapted or reconsidered because of what was going on?
Jim Andrew: Certainly COVID-19 has been a challenge for everyone on multi levels. But what I think it’s done, it’s really shone a light on the need to be even bolder and move even faster. What has it done? It has, I think, sharpened the focus on the need to move urgently. We all saw that the food system is probably more fragile than we thought. We saw that the need for a food system that is sustainable, that is regenerative, that is inclusive, it’s probably bigger than we thought. In that respect, it didn’t influence what we wanted to do, but it probably helped re-emphasize the need to be big and be fast.
Clancy: You mentioned a couple of interim goals to the 2040 one. I’m just curious if you have other short-term milestones that we should expect or watch for. What should we watch for? And how will PepsiCo disclose them?
Andrew: You should watch for transparency, consistency and regularity in our reporting. We are completely open in that. Any goal we set, believe me, there’s a lot of work behind coming up with those goals. We put as much work into ensuring transparent reporting because it helps us be accountable — both internally and externally, candidly — and also helps us track progress.
We’re a company that likes to set a big objective out there and then go get it. One of the big parts of my job is mobilizing the organization. I’ve got history in sustainability, but I’m a business guy. I didn’t major in environmental science. I’m a business guy working to drive in partnership with our CEO, Ramon Laguarta, and the rest of my executive peers to really drive the organization forward. Having clear goals, having really good data integrity, is at the heart of all of our ESG reporting. That’s important because then we know how we’re doing. It also builds trust. That’s something that we take really importantly.
So what are you going to see from us? We’re going to report our progress annually in our sustainability report. We have one coming up in a few months and will be happy to talk to you again, when that comes out. Anytime we can provide real-time updates, we will. All of the reporting entities, we’re in alignment with — the Global Reporting Initiative, the CDP, the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures. We just issued our first [TCFD] report. So, we are going to be transparent; you’re going see it on a regular basis. Our objective is set some bold goals, and then go get them and hold ourselves accountable.
Clancy: Since you brought it up, how will you engage the PepsiCo organization to deliver, especially when we’re all in this new age of remote work?
Andrew: It’s been incredibly exciting to me to see just in four months the level of excitement in our organization. We’re 260,000-odd people around the world, 200-plus countries and territories. We’re a big complex organization, but there’s a level of interest and excitement. People get it. You ask me, how am I going to engage? There’s three things that you’ve got to do.
The first is you’ve got to excite people. With PepsiCo, when you announce an ambitious goal, like our climate goal, people get excited and they get energized. Honestly, a lot of our partners — our bottlers, our co-manufacturers, our suppliers — I’ve had a lot of people reach out to me and say, “Hey, this is really exciting. How can we help? We’re in on it.” So the first thing you got to do internally and also externally is excite and a big goal does that. You know, make no small plans?
I think that’s one of the real keys to make sustainability work. You got to embed it in the business strategy, the business processes and the actions everybody takes every day.
The second is, there is a level of education that’s important. When we talk to people internally about regenerative agriculture, Scope 3 emissions, those are terms that to most people are new. So we need to introduce those terms. We need to educate people on why the goals matter, but most importantly, how are we going to achieve them. Because that’s what it’s all really about, and we’re doing that across the company. Because we’re Scope 3, it’s got to be across your whole supply chain. We’ve rolled out, as part of the climate goal, a really well-done employee training program specific to our employees to help them understand the role of us as a company, and then the role of them as individuals. What can they do to mitigate climate change?
And then finally, it’s about engagement, it’s how do we take that excitement, take that education and then really engage people to drive real action. Because ultimately, it’s about action, it’s about results, it’s about moving the needle. And so that’s everything from, how do we give people the tools? How do we put it in their incentives? How do we talk about it on a regular basis? How do we measure it clearly, because what gets measured gets done, all those things. So: Excite, Educate and Engage.
Clancy: How will the Sustainable from the Start Program be implemented, and which product divisions will be first to adopt it?
Andrew: That’s a great question, because this is one of my real beliefs and one of my real emphases, which is how do you get sustainability not as something that happens “over there,” but that is really part of the day-to-day business, part of the day-to-day work. Because if it’s part of what we do every day, then it happens and that’s how you really drive action.
So, we’re looking at where there are business processes where we can embed sustainability. New product development is a great example. Everybody, every part of the company is interested in and cares about what happens in new product development. So we started this program called Sustainable from the Start, and it really puts sustainability at the heart of product design and new product development, because what it does is it encourages, but it also enables product development teams to make environmental impact a part of their decision-making from the very beginning as they think about the whole product life cycle.
We’ve rolled out some tools that really help, because you’ve got to make it simple. The less friction that we can introduce, the easier it’s going to be. So we gave people a set of tools, so that they can estimate, for example, the carbon and the water footprint of products and development, and what are the choices that they make early that are going to affect those footprints. And then they can compare that data to some best practice benchmarks that we’ve built in, so they know what good looks like and they can make more informed decisions. Things like recyclability impediments. If people don’t know, they will not be able to make the kind of decisions that they will if they’re informed. That gets back to the education point I was making as well. If they’re informed and they’re energized and they’re motivated, then they’re going to make decisions that will have big impacts as we move through the life cycle.
A big focus of the Sustainable from the Start program is reducing GHG emissions, sure, but also things like discouraging the use of non-recyclable packaging, because that’s really important. So we’ve conducted life-cycle analyses, carbon footprints. We’ve done it for about a quarter of all of our brands now, and we’ve got plans to get all of them done. When you’re a company as big as PepsiCo, you’ve got a lot of brands, so it takes a little while to go through. We’ll have more to share on this — again, transparency, openness. But it’s a great business tool that we’re actively embedding, so that people are thinking about this, from the beginning, as a part of their day-to-day jobs. Because I think that’s one of the real keys to make sustainability work. You got to embed it in the business strategy, the business processes and the actions everybody takes every day.
Clancy: Can you share more detail about the internal carbon pricing programs? Why are you embracing them now? Did they take effect? When will they take effect?
Andrew: That’s another great example of where we’re trying to take environmental sustainability considerations and just put them in the normal flow of business. So, we’re going to have to collaborate and get employees involved, and also partners and suppliers and everything.
There’s a couple that we mentioned. One is, how do we eliminate the carbon impact of employee business air travel? A lot of people travel; a lot of people may or may not fully understand what the implications are of that. What we have done is we have said that anytime any employee is going to travel by air for business, we’re going to put a price on that. And then we’re going to take that money, and we’re going to deploy it with a third party into our supply chain. It’s not something that’s out there, it’s put into our supply chain, to fully eliminate the impact of the emissions from that flight. And it’s flight by flight. And it allows every employee, every time they book a flight, to see that their choice has an impact and also that we as a company will do something. Again, it’s about how do you excite people because people get excited about, “Hey, I can do something.” It’s about how you educate them, because it’s right there, it’s going to be in the booking tool. We are programming it, as we speak. Then it’s ultimately about how you engage them, so they go do something.
So that’s one. We’re rolling it out now. By the middle of this year, it’ll be up and running, full go. Then we’re also looking at how we build the carbon impact into carrier selection for third-party logistics. We’re working with our procurement team, so that the climate goals are a part of the consideration when they’re choosing carriers. Because what this will do is it will help you enforce, again, climate considerations and business decisions, which will help drive GHG reductions. And then we’re going to learn from these things, and we’re going to look for where can we continue to expand across other business processes, ways to just embed this into the everyday thinking in activities.
Clancy: Those are great examples. Thank you for being so specific.
Andrew: The carrier selection is being piloted right now. The employee air travel right now, obviously, we’ve got to do a little programming and not a lot of people are flying a whole lot right now. But the carrier selection program is being piloted right now.
Clancy: The pandemic has underscored the fragility of the recycling infrastructure around the world, as well as the food system. What new investments is PepsiCo making to improve collection? And what steps are you taking to increase the use of recycled content in your packaging?
Andrew: We have a very clear vision, and that’s a world where packaging never becomes waste. That is front and center for everything we do in packaging. There’s really three things that we have to [enforce that policy]. The first is reduce plastic use. The second is improve recycling, and the third is reinvent our packaging.
Let me talk about those now and answer your question. To improve recycling, especially as you say, given some of the challenges, this is a systemic change that is necessary and it requires a lot of partnerships across the full value chain. It requires collaboration between the public sector and the private sector. And it really is how do we work together end-to-end for a circular economy for plastics?
We set goals, and then we go and we work really hard to go achieve them. But you’ve got to be transparent along the way about what’s working, what’s not.
Specifically to your question, in the last three years, we’ve pledged more than $65 million globally for recycling and collection. A little over a year ago we issued our first green bond. It was a $1 billion green bond. We’ve allocated just about half of that, I think it was $447 million, of the proceeds to projects that advance sustainability. Roughly $200 million of that was specifically to procure recycled PET in our North American beverage packaging. You want to talk about creating a market, that’s creating a market. We have brands, whole brands that are [using] 100 percent recycled PET in Europe. We’ve targeted 100 percent recycled PET in nine countries for our lineup of Pepsi-branded beverage bottles by the end of 2022.
We’re working to both support the recycling infrastructure in partnership with other people in the supply chain, public entities, competitors, because this is something that we all have to work on. And then we’re also working at driving demand because if we drive demand and make clear what our commitments are, that helps support the investments that people need to make all along the chain. [Editor’s note: PepsiCo brands using 100 percent PET for their packaging include LIFEWTR, Tazo Tea and Naked Juice.]
Clancy: The PepsiCo Foundation has invested considerably in cultivating economic growth and opportunities for women and disadvantaged communities around the world. How does the PepsiCo corporate sustainability team collaborate on those projects? How do they shape the execution of your strategy? How are they aligned?
Andrew: We work very closely with the foundation. Again, this is a great example of where we work to use the scale and the reach that PepsiCo has to have a positive impact really across communities around the world, where we operate and to really show some leadership in helping to build a food system that’s sustainable, regenerative and inclusive, to your point. So what we’re always trying to do is work on both people and planet. The foundation and the business have very much those objectives.
A good example of collaboration — in addition to the climate news we announced — was the announcement where PepsiCo, in particular our Latin American operations, with our CEO there, Paula Santilli, and the PepsiCo Foundation announced that they are expanding the social and environmental impact partnership that we have with the Inter-American Development Bank.
We will go another five years through 2026. It’s a nearly $6 million investment. It builds on the heels of what has been a very successful investment in a partnership over the last 14 years. Over the last 14 years, we’ve supported about 19 million people across Latin America and the Caribbean, on five big pillars of things that are really, really important: water access; nutrition; sustainable agriculture; inclusive recycling; and disaster relief programs. There’s a great example of where the business, the foundation and third parties have been able to collaborate in ways that are more powerful. It’s one of those one plus one plus one equals probably seven. A lot of people have had been helped by a partnership that none of the organizations could do by themselves.
Clancy: What’s on your mind right now that I haven’t asked about that you feel like we should talk about more?
Andrew: This is something I’ve been thinking about a lot. The challenges that the world is facing, when it comes to climate — again, go back to our recent climate announcement, which is top of mind — are challenges where no company, no government, no NGO can do it themselves. The need for collaboration, for partnership, for working together, has never been higher. These are difficult challenges. These are not things that can be solved by any one entity, and they’re not things that are there to be solved overnight. But they are also things that we can’t wait on.
The science is clear, the need is clear; the time to act is now. All of us have to find partners to move forward. There’s going to be some mistakes, there’s going be some things that won’t work but together, we have to work together, find those areas of common interest and where we can complement each other, and then move forward with urgency. That’s why we looked and said: “We want big goals, we want goals that will motivate not only ourselves internally, but also other folks externally.” I’ve gotten a lot of calls from people saying, “Hey, great, how do we team up? I see you’re interested in this; how can we work together on that?” That’s what we need.
I wake up every day, I wake up every morning, and I worry about what’s going on and sustainability and how PepsiCo is going to drive forward and meet our goals and move the needle on things. But I also think about, how can we do that with others? So, to me, that’s so important and I’m not sure that is fully appreciated by everybody who needs to work together.
Clancy: There is a certain amount of skepticism about some of these big alliances right now. How do you keep them relevant and authentic?
Andrew: You have to be open, transparent; you’ve got to build trust; and then you’ve got to show results. I think if those things happen, a lot of problems are going to take care of themselves.
Back to the question you asked about milestones, transparency. We don’t set goals that we don’t think we can achieve. We don’t know always how we’re going to achieve them because they are big goals, and they’re bold, and they’re aggressive. But that’s what’s needed. But we don’t set ones just to get a headline or, as much as I love talking to you, we don’t set big goals just to be able to go do interviews. We set goals, and then we go and we work really hard to go achieve them. But you’ve got to be transparent along the way about what’s working, what’s not. How are we doing?
Clancy: I just have one last question. What’s your most important priority as a chief sustainability officer at this time?
Andrew: Oh, that’s easy. I’ve probably got the best job in the company because I get a combination of the chief sustainability role, and also some business responsibilities, which are all about sustainability. But the most important thing is easy, which is achieving the goals we’ve set. That’s hard to do, but easy to say. But that’s the priority.
Ultimately it’s about how do we make the planet better for both the planet and for the people on the planet. How do we drive forward results around climate? How do we reduce emissions? How do we increase our renewable electricity to 100 percent globally? How do we end up at net-zero? That’s what is the most important part of my job. That’s what motivates me, because that’s what ultimately will show up and create real change. I need to work with a whole lot of people internally — 260,000 people have all got to be pulling in that direction. It starts at the top and goes all the way down to our frontline workers, but it also is true externally. But that’s my priority 1, 2, 3, working in every way that I can, with everybody to help us achieve the results that we know are necessary for the planet and the people on it. | <urn:uuid:01ac21e3-cd52-43cb-886d-818e2a133796> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dreamcave.xyz/pepsico-cso-on-embedding-sustainability-into-day-to-day-business.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.963435 | 4,938 | 1.703125 | 2 |
A Sardinian agricultural company applied for RDP support in order to maintain its organic agriculture production systems.
Projects & Practice
A cooperative of apple producers set up a joint effort among its members to control the codling moth, a major pest, by means of sexual confusion.
An intervention supporting the sustainable management of forest resources, leading to improved economic performance.
A family farm invested in a biogas plant to produce renewable energy while also purchasing a new tomato harvester to improve the farm’s overall income. | <urn:uuid:a68374ca-6254-4c75-985d-f48638e10417> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://enrd.ec.europa.eu/projects-practice/_en?project_keywords_filter=19753&%3Bamp%3Bproject_country=All&%3Bamp%3Bfield_enrd_prj_measure_tid=All&%3Bamp%3Bfield_enrd_prj_focus_area_tid=All&%3Bamp%3Bf%5B0%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_focus_area%3A17123&%3Bf%5B0%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A19718&f%5B0%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A20468&f%5B1%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A19736&f%5B2%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A20472&f%5B3%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A19724&f%5B4%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_focus_area%3A17119&f%5B5%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A20655&f%5B6%5D=sm_enrd_eu_countries%3AItaly&f%5B7%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A19732&f%5B8%5D=sm_enrd_eu_countries%3AGreece&f%5B9%5D=im_field_enrd_prj_keywords%3A19720 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.925893 | 107 | 1.523438 | 2 |
5 Fun facts to know about George Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Of Easter eggs and hidden gems
The 7th of July, 2021 marks the 13th year commemorating George Town’s designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. To date, it is one of only four such Sites in Malaysia—sharing its reputation as the first pair of historic trading cities to be recognised by UNESCO with Malacca.
Most, if not all, Malaysians would be familiar with the many wonders of Penang’s capital by now. From its melting pot of culture and heritage to the plethora of street food, cafes and restaurants that make it a foodie’s haven, George Town ranks high on the list of places every Malaysian should visit at least once in their lifetime.
With their rich history, it’s not surprising that the city’s various architectural sites and sights have hidden gems and Easter eggs awaiting to be discovered. Whether you’re a Penangite or not, here are five fun facts about George Town that you may not know.
1. The Blue Mansion is a gift of love from its original owner to his wife
The Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion, or more commonly known as the Blue Mansion, is one of the most famous buildings in the UNESCO World Heritage city. It is easily distinguished by its bright indigo façade, which was a highly prized colour during its era of construction circa the 1880s. Cheong, the original owner of the mansion, was a successful Chinese businessman himself, so much so that he came to be known as the ‘Rockefeller of the East’.
It was not uncommon for wealthy Chinese men to take many wives in those days, and Cheong was no exception. He had eight wives to his name, but one was allegedly his favourite: Tan Tay Po. He was 70 when he took 17-year-old Tan to be his seventh wife, and the Mansion was both his gift of love to her and the place they made their home. Today, the Mansion operates daily tours and accommodates stays (barring travel restrictions) for visitors to discover its fascinating architecture and many more anecdotes like this.
For more information about The Blue Mansion, visit the official website.
2. There were more than five international films shot around George Town
George Town’s unique architectural landscape is not only known to locals, but also to the world over. You might even say that several of its colonial streets and buildings look like backdrops straight out of an international film—and you’re not wrong. In the past, period films including Anna and The King (1999) and the Oscar award-winning Indochine (1992) were filmed in the city’s streets.
The Blue Mansion, in particular, has been a popular spot for films of various genres. You may have seen its appearance in the famous mahjong scene in Crazy Rich Asians (2018). Prior to that, it has also appeared in the Chinese historical movie based on Dr Sun Yat Sen, Road To Dawn (2007); the Chinese erotic thriller, Lust, Caution (2007); and the Asian murder mystery, The Blue Mansion (2009); as well as two other Malaysian-made dramas, The 3rd Generation (2006) and The Red Kebaya (2006).
3. Fort Cornwallis is home to the oldest chapel in Malaysia
Built by Sir Francis Light, the founder of (the British colony of) Penang, Fort Cornwallis is one of the oldest forts in Malaysia that has existed since the late 18th century. Besides that, it is also the largest standing fort in the country—probably because it never engaged in combat and was mainly used as an administrative centre.
At the southwest corner of the fort, visitors will find a small white chapel that was constructed in 1799. The first recorded marriage here was held that same year, when John Timmers married Martina Rozells (Light's widow). Though the chapel is no longer operational, it stands as the earliest roofed structure surviving from the colonial era, attracting visitors alongside the storied barracks, prison cells, lighthouse, and munition storage areas within the fort.
4. The Pinang Peranakan Mansion was once the home of a superintendent
Despite its name and what it’s famous for, the Pinang Peranakan Mansion was not originally owned by a Peranakan. Erected in the late 19th century, the museum once served as the residence and office of Kapitan Cina Chung Keng Kwee, then called ‘Hai Kee Chan’ or the Sea Remembrance Store. Chung was a Chinese mining magnate and millionaire philanthropist who became the Superintendent of all Chinese in Penang during his time.
After the Chung family lost their fortune, local Penang Peranakan architect Peter Soon took over ownership and restored the mansion to its former glory. Like the Blue Mansion, the Peranakan Mansion is set apart by the colour of its exteriors—except in green instead of the former’s indigo. It is also home to over 1,000 luxury antiques and collectables that offer a glimpse of the lifestyle of the upper-class Straits Chinese in the past century.
For more information, visit the official website here.
5. Wat Chaiya Mangkalaram boasts the longest reclining Buddha in Penang
Located in Pulau Tikus, a suburb in George Town, Wat Chaiyamangalaram is the largest and oldest Siamese Buddhist temple in the state of Penang. First established in 1845, the temple has since added new buildings and attractions that have drawn visits from locals and tourists alike.
Its most prominent feature is the 33-metre (108 feet) long reclining Buddha statue housed within the main shrine. Once known as the largest reclining Buddha in Penang and Malaysia in the 1960s, it was later overtaken by another similar 40-metre statue in Wat Photivihan, Kelantan in 1975, but remains the largest within the state to this day.
For more stories on George Town and Penang, head over here. | <urn:uuid:3b4a53b8-642f-4463-8ff3-105dce4b512d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.buro247.my/lifestyle/travel/fun-facts-george-town-unesco-world-heritage-site.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.973648 | 1,271 | 1.882813 | 2 |
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Table of Contents:
- What kind of job is a Scrum Master?
- What does scrum master do all day?
- Why Scrum Master is required?
- What is the purpose of scrum?
- Why scrum is called Scrum?
- What are Scrum principles?
- What sport has a scrum?
- What positions are in the scrum?
- What is the difference between a ruck and a maul?
- Does the ball have to go in straight in a scrum?
- What happens when a scrum collapses?
- Can a flanker pick up from a scrum?
- What do rugby players chant in a scrum?
- How do you win a scrum?
- How many scrums are in a rugby game?
- Why are there no scrums in rugby league?
- What are the new rugby league rules?
- What is the six again rule in rugby league?
- What is the difference between rugby league and union?
- Why is there 2 types of rugby?
- How many subs can you have in the Six Nations?
- Which is more popular rugby league or union?
- Who is the highest paid rugby league player?
- Why is rugby not popular?
- What country is rugby most popular?
- Who is No 1 rugby team in the world?
- Who is the best rugby player in 2020?
- What is the best rugby team in the world 2020?
What kind of job is a Scrum Master?
The Scrum master is the leader of a Scrum team and is responsible for championing a project, providing guidance to the team and product owner, and ensuring all agile practices are followed by team members.
What does scrum master do all day?
More simply put, the Scrum Master takes on the administrative, coaching and leadership roles that make Scrum development possible. That means he'll usually spend his days: ... Walking the product owner through more technical user stories. Encouraging collaboration between the Scrum team and product owner.
Why Scrum Master is required?
A Scrum Master is responsible for making sure that the team (including the Product Owner) follow the principles and processes of Scrum. They strive to make the process as efficient as possible by getting as many features to done as possible (with no defects of course!).
What is the purpose of scrum?
Scrum is a framework that helps teams work together. Much like a rugby team (where it gets its name) training for the big game, Scrum encourages teams to learn through experiences, self-organize while working on a problem, and reflect on their wins and losses to continuously improve.
Why scrum is called Scrum?
Name. The software development term scrum was first used in a 1986 paper titled "The New New Product Development Game". The term is borrowed from rugby, where a scrum is a formation of players. The term scrum was chosen by the paper's authors because it emphasizes teamwork.
What are Scrum principles?
The principles of transparency, inspection and adaptation are at the hearth of the empirical process control optimizing the value of the Scrum Team's work. The five Scrum values (courage, focus, commitment, respect and openness) enable the transparency, inspect and adapt principles.
What sport has a scrum?
What positions are in the scrum?
The scrum (a contest used to restart play) must consist of eight players from each team: the "front row" (two props, a loosehead and tighthead, and a hooker), the "second row" (two locks), and a "back row" (two flankers, and a number 8).
What is the difference between a ruck and a maul?
If the ball and the player is on the ground and players are passing it around with their feet, it's a ruck. If the ball is being held by a standing player, or being passed around a collected pile-up of players, it's a maul.
Does the ball have to go in straight in a scrum?
The scrum-half must put the ball in straight to the scrum, but they are allowed to align their shoulder to the middle line of the scrum. ... So the ball has to be put in straight, but rather than being put in down the middle of the tunnel it is put in slightly towards the scrum-half's own team.
What happens when a scrum collapses?
If a scrum collapses or if a player in the scrum is lifted or is forced upwards out of the scrum, the referee must blow the whistle immediately so that players stop pushing. When the scrum is stationary and the ball has been available at the back of the scrum for three-five seconds, the referee calls “use it”.
Can a flanker pick up from a scrum?
Usually, the only person allowed to pick up the ball in a scrum is the player whose hindmost feet are farthest back. This would usually be the number 8.
What do rugby players chant in a scrum?
Think of the scrum like a 16 man extreme tug of war; a sudden surge of power is what we're after. The calls might be as simple as 1-2-3-Squeeze, and with the “squeeze” the players would produce a rock solid push forward.
How do you win a scrum?
A scrum is most commonly awarded when the ball is knocked forward, or passed forward, or when a ball becomes trapped in a ruck or maul. Because of the physical nature of scrums, injuries can occur, especially in the front row.
How many scrums are in a rugby game?
Why are there no scrums in rugby league?
Rugby league scrums: No scrums at start of season but return planned. ... Scrums were replaced with a handover of possession when the 2020 Super League campaign restarted last August. The change was made in an effort to reduce close contact and minimise the risk of Covid-19 transmissions.
What are the new rugby league rules?
The new rules implemented for the 2021 season includes rewarding the attacking teams for 20/40 kicks, flexibility for the attacking team on lateral positioning of scrums, removal of scrums when the ball goes into touch and a handover of possession for an incorrect play-the-ball.
What is the six again rule in rugby league?
The Australian Rugby League Commission (ARLC) today approved a variation to the "Six Again" rule which will allow referees to re-start the tackle count if markers are not square or break early at the play the ball.
What is the difference between rugby league and union?
The main on-field difference between League and Union is the fact that Rugby League is played with 13 players whereas Rugby Union is played with 15 players. ... However, in Rugby League, a try is only worth 4 points, a conversion is worth 2 points, penalties are 2 points and drop goals are one point.
Why is there 2 types of rugby?
There are many similarities between the two types of rugby, but they have developed different sets of rules over time. The split between the two types occurred because of a disagreement about the way players were treated when they were injured during a game. ... In most other places, the word "rugby" refers to rugby union.
How many subs can you have in the Six Nations?
Each team starts the match with 15 players on the field and seven or eight substitutes.
Which is more popular rugby league or union?
While Rugby League is played in the north of England where it is much more popular than Rugby Union. In the Southern Hemisphere Rugby League is the more dominant code in Australia (where the National Rugby League (NRL) is extremely popular), but in New Zealand and South Africa Rugby Union takes top spot.
Who is the highest paid rugby league player?
An investigation by The Daily Telegraph has revealed the top 100 highest paid players in the game — as well as those big name players that fall just outside. The investigation has revealed Cherry-Evans is still the top dog on the pile of the NRL's top earners with an eye-watering salary of $1.
Why is rugby not popular?
Rugby's lack of popularity comes back to the fact it is really hard to play. You can't play rugby by kicking around a bottle on concrete like you can football. It isn't accessible. It is a hard game and most people don't really enjoy the aggressive aspect until they are older.
What country is rugby most popular?
Who is No 1 rugby team in the world?
World Rugby Rankings
|Men's World Rugby Rankings v t e|
Who is the best rugby player in 2020?
10 of the best rugby players in the world in 2020
What is the best rugby team in the world 2020?
Current World Rugby Rankings
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- What is the role of navigation? | <urn:uuid:e836f8c6-b5f3-49af-b1d8-b4ddd1067a1f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sociology-tips.com/library/lecture/read/36845-what-kind-of-job-is-a-scrum-master | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964072 | 2,325 | 2.5 | 2 |
Shimla is a famous tourist spot in northern India that welcomes thousands of national and international travelers every year. This city is known for its cool weather, natural beauty, and historical places of interest. British India named this town as a “Summer Capital” of India because of its natural and eye-catching landscape.
Shimla is a capital city of Himachal Pradesh that falls in South-west Himalayan range at an altitude of 2,206 meters above sea level. It is a destination of numerous mountain peaks, waterfalls and historic places including Rashtrapati Niwas, Jakhu Temple amongst others.
There are various landmarks to be explored in and around Shimla. The more you visit, the more you explore. Shimla is blessed with historical places, mountainous scenery, pristine waterfalls, esteemed educational institutes and some other eye-catching spots in the vicinity.
We have listed below the best tourist’s spots of Shimla: –
Summer Hills has situated just five km away from Shimla Ridge. You must plan to visit this place during sunrise and capture some breathtaking moments from the hilltop. Summer Hills gives a sense of peace and tranquility. So if you are peace lover you must plan to visit Summer Hills.
Jakhoo Hill stands 8000 feet tall and is popularly believed to be the highest mountain peak of Shimla region. It is a popular tourist hotspot around Shimla because the sacred Jakhoo temple is situated there. A 108 feet tall Lord Hanuman statue draws the attention of the tourists and pilgrims who throngs here in numbers.
The Chadwick Falls
The beautiful Chadwick falls is the melting point for photographers and nature lovers. One can find peace and serenity around here. At the Chadwick falls itself the water is falling from a great height, leaving your mesmerized. The entire forest is buzzing with birds and wildlife, with Pine and lush Cedar trees making a perfect setup for exploring and noticing nature.
Indian Institute of Advanced Studies (IIAS)
The Shimla town was promoted by British settlers who were amazed by the scenic beauty surrounding this region. Their legacy of the educational system is still visible in institutes and schools in Shimla. The British established Indian Institute of Advanced Studies in Shimla during 1880’s. The Institute is still one of the best institutes in India for advanced studies. Today it’s a museum itself. The building is known for its impressive British architecture and proficient fireproofing system.
In older days Annandale hosted numerous adventure sports during British raj. Today, the place has been converted into a mini golf course. So, if you love swinging clubs then it is one the places to enjoy playing your sports while immersing in the bountiful of nature that surrounds Annandale.
The Scandal Point
If you love photography and daydream of fabulous peaks of Himalayas then The Scandal Point is perfect for you. It is situated where the Mall road joins the Ridge road. You can Capture snow capped mountains in cameras from this place. Even spending quality time with your loved ones will be fulfilling and bonding. It is advised to visit Scandal Point in Shimla either early morning and during Dusk. If you love book reading then visit Tudor Library to read some rare books.
The Shimla State Museum
When in Shimla you can check out the Shimla State Museum, especially if you like to explore historical things. The Shimla State Museum houses British master architecture with sprawling lawns in its premises. You will be truly awestruck with some rare and beautiful artifacts, paintings, statues, and ancient handicrafts on display.
Kufri is synonymous with Shimla. When you are there in winters, a Shimla visit is incomplete without participating in the winter sports like Skiing in Kufri. At 2600 meters above sea level, Kufri is ideally suited to host winter sports activities in the shiny sun. Kufri is highly recommended by our travel experts.
There is a host of adventure sports activities that you can pursue in and around Shimla. Owing to its altitude and geography Shimla experience heavy snowfall in winters. And this in itself draws tourists towards it. Thousands of travelers visit this Shimla to enjoy adventure sports like Ice skating, Heli Skiing, Skiing, and other winter sports. While going to Shimla in summers one can indulge in sports like Golf and adventure sports like Camping, Hiking, Mountain Biking, Para Gliding and River Rafting and even more.
While Shimla is popular as a romantic destination as well winter hub, it has its other attractions too. There are some famous temples and shrines that you must visit during Shimla visit. | <urn:uuid:413f6c7f-8786-4c85-813f-d313797c9de5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://helptraveleronline.com/product/shimla/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.939439 | 993 | 2.109375 | 2 |
My Dress Hangs There ,1933
Frida Kahlo, who painted mostly small, intensely personal works for herself, family and friends, would likely have been amazed and amused to see what a vast audience her paintings now reach. Today, 65 years after her death, the Mexican artist’s iconic images adorn calendars, greeting cards, posters, pins, even paper dolls. My Dress Hangs There is among the few paintings that do not feature Kahlo. It is also a highly political picture that resonates as much today as it did when she painted it in 1933.
My Dress Hangs There
My Dress Hangs There is a critical portrait of the USA during the Depression years. It is set amidst the skyscrapers of New York and crammed with motifs, jostling against each other, filling the picture as if it was a mural Manhattan. The USA, in Kahlo’s view, is full of empty consumerism and shrouded in an escapist culture.
At the centre of the composition is a traditional Mexican dress, of the type Kahlo wore. By adopting regional costume, and through paintings such as these, Kahlo developed her own distinctive brand of Mexicanidad at a time when, post-Mexico's popular revolution in 1910, the country was rediscovering its pre-Columbian and indigenous heritage.
Frida’s images mock the American obsession with efficient plumbing and the preoccupation with sports by setting upon pedestals a monumental toilet and a golden golf trophy.
Business, religion, and the eclecticism of American taste are targets of her art. Snaking around the cross in the stained glass window is a $ large red $ that turns the crucifix into a dollar sign. A red ribbon links the church’s gothic tower with a Wall Street Doric temple.
The Federal Hall’s steps are replaced by a graph showing “Weekly Sales in Millions”.
While big business appeared to be doing well in the 1930s, few people shared in their wealth. The swarming tiny figures at the bottom of the painting underline her message about the corrosive state of American capitalism in the 1930s.
One curious thing about the cast of characters is that none of the characters is alive. On the steps of Federal Hall is the statue of George Washington, a reminder of the idealism of the past.
The advert with Mae West is placed next to the church with its dollar sign. Hinting that the film star represents false values – vanity, luxury and the worship of manufactured beauty. The advert is peeling from the edges and the building below it is burning. Nothing is permanent in capitalism, suggests Kahlo.
The Statute of Liberty raises her torch, a satirical reminder of what the US was meant to stands for in better days. The only thing that does not belong is Kahlo’s dress. A steamship is puffing painted smoke in the harbour, suggesting that Kahlo would have liked to be on its deck, taking her away from the US.
My Dress Hangs There 1933, together with, Self-Portrait on the Borderline Between Mexico and the United States 1932, serve as manifestos for Kahlo’s ‘sense of pride' in being Mexican.
About Frida Kahlo
Frida Kahlo (1907 – 1954) was a lifelong communist, and her political beliefs often inspired her artistic endeavours. She even lied about her year of birth so that people associated her with the Mexican revolution (1910). She also had the hammer and sickle flag draped over her coffin when she died and was often seen sporting the symbol on her clothing or plaster cast that encased her body after a road accident.
In 1929, her husband Diego Rivera was expelled from the Partido Comunista Mexicano [the Mexican Communist Party] over ideological differences regarding artistic freedom. In solidarity with Rivera, Frida left the party as well, yet both of them stayed committed to the cause for the rest of their lives.
In 1930 through 1934, Kahlo and Rivera travelled through the U.S., stopping by in San Francisco, Detroit and New York City. During their time in New York, Kahlo started painting My Dress Hangs There. Kahlo didn’t like the USA very much and desperately wanted to go back to Mexico.
My Dress Hangs There is the result of the conflict between these two worlds and depicts the superficial side of U.S. capitalism that she so despised; with its tall buildings, factories and billboards and with the implication that society is decaying and the fundamental human values destroyed. In other paintings, Kahlo herself is almost always there, but here she is absent – only her dress is there as if she is saying: “I might be in the United States, but my soul is in Mexico.” | <urn:uuid:dc7b555c-0dde-405a-8905-2717804d80ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.everypicture.org/my-dress-hangs-there | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965324 | 1,001 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Stuff co.nz 15 November 2015
Tiny Tia-Jane’s super-human fight for life started when she put her foot in it.
Her mother, Wellingtonian Alysha McVeigh, went into labour only 22 weeks and five days into a pregnancy that was her only chance of a child.
Tia-Jane’s chances were remote because there were still two days to go to reach the crucial deadline of 23 weeks – under hospital policy, a baby born any earlier would be left to die.
“The miraculous thing is [Tia-Jane] put her foot in my cervix.”
Her unborn baby’s fancy footwork plugged the flow of amniotic fluid, which ensured her womb remained a safe haven for a vital bit longer.
By then, Alysha had already spent two and a half weeks in Wellington Hospital on total bedrest because the protective amniotic sac around Tia-Jane had bulged dangerously into the birth canal. | <urn:uuid:be3190ef-21ab-4274-8513-eb2fa4fbaabc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chooselife.org.nz/born-at-23-weeks-tia-jane-is-fighting-on/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.95344 | 260 | 2.0625 | 2 |
« EelmineJätka »
and is destitue of this. But since we have CHAP.
VIII. professedly handled this subject elsewhere, we may supersede the further discussion of it at present. [15.)
Concerning the Essence of Faith.
1. The state of the controversy. II. The distinction of faith;
either as it is in idea, or in the subject. III. In idea, it is a most firm persuasion of my right to Christ, and all the benefits of salvation. IV. In that sense it is defined in the Palatine Catechism. V. That confidence, however, is rather a degree of strong faith, than its es. sence, VI. In regard that it is not always found in all believers. VII. They themselves confessing so, who define faith by the certainty that sins are pardoned. VIII. Chamier quoted. IX. Du Moulin. X. Perkins XI. Davenant.
HAVING observed, therefore, what is
, mPaul's scope, when disputing concerning jus
1. The tification, and demonstrated, that faith is not state of the
obedience to the commands of Christ, or the practice of evangelical holiness, but a singulur virtue, having a distinct consideration from other virtues, it follows, that we enquire, in what the essence of that faith consists. There are, who define it by an inward and a most firm persuasion, that Christ is mine, and that all my sins are certainly forgiven me for his sake. To others, this definition appears incautious, and inaccurate.
II. My judgment is, that faith may be condistinction sidered two ways, either as in itself, and in ieither as it dea, as they speak; or as in the subject. In is in idea, the first respect, it is a most excellent virtue, or as it is in the subject. delineated in the gospel, to the perfection of
which it becomes every Christian to aspire. CHAP. In the last repect, it is often found in believers to be very weak, and involved in thick clouds. III. If we consider faith as in idea, the UI. In in
dea it is a constant doctrine of the reformed church,
most firm and which is agreeable to the scriptures, is persuasion that it consists not only in a full assurance, to Christ, and in the firmest persuasion of the truth of and to all the gospel in general, but also in particular, fits of salof
my right to Christ, and all the benefits of vation. salvation: and that therefore every Christian should endeavour to know that he is in the faith, and in Christ; and be able to say with Paul, Christ liveth in me, and the life which I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me; I know whom I have believed, and am persuaded that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him against that day: For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor any other creature can separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.
IV. In this sense the authors of the Pala. IV. In tine Catechism, with innumerable other Di- it is defined vines of our communion, have said that faith in the Pais not only a certain knowledge, whereby I firmly assent to all things which God hath revealed in his word, but also an assured trust, kindled in my heart, by the Holy Ghost, through the gospel, whereby I acquiesce in God, being assuredly persuaded, that remission of sins, eternal righteousness, and life, are given, not to others only, but to me also, by the mercy
CHAP. of God, through the merits of Christ alone. IX.
V. But though such an assurance belongs V. That assurance, entirely to faith, yet I rather judge, that it is however, is rather a
a most eminent degree of faith, to which we degree of do not rise, but by many previous acts; than strong faich, than its eso
that the very essence of faith can be placed in it. For the natural progress of faith, so to speak, seems to be this, that the believing soul beholds in the light of grace, the mystery of God and of Christ, and anon, with full consent, acknowledges
the truth of it, on account of the authority of God, who beareth witness: Then, further, that he loves that truth, exults in it, and glorifies God: likewise, that he ardently desires communion with Christ, that these things which are true in Christ, may also be true to him unto salvation; that therefore with the highest pleasure, he accepts of Christ, when, and in what manner, he is offered to him in the gospel; rests and reclines upon him, gives himself up, and makes himself over unto him: and then, that after all these things, having now discovered his mutual union with him, he glorieth that Christ is his,
delighting most gladly in him. VI. Be- VI. Who doubts, but this is a certain decause it is sirable perfe&ion of a very strong faith, denot found always in serving our most vigorous efforts to reach all believe
it, and which apostles, apostolic heroes, and martyrs, dear to God, and others to whom a
more eminent measure of the Spirit was
СНАР. vouchsafed, obtained in reality; and of which examples are not a wanting even in our own time: yea, it is very credible, that God grants it, sometimes at least, in this life, more sparingly, or more abundantly, to the most of his elect. For it is by no means the lot of all believers, so to ascend the height of that most pleasant and most holy boasting, that on it they should securely and gladly pass all their time. Which yet behoved to be the case, if indeed the very essence of faith consisted in the boldness and fuil assurance of that trust. I would rather place it in the reception of Christ as a Saviour and Lord, and in the flight of the soul to him. The English Confession, composed in the year 1645, expresses the matter to excellent purpose. The principal acts of faith are to accept, receive, and rest upon Christ alone for justification, sanctification, and eternal life, by virtue of the covenant of grace. VII. These very Divines, who define faith
VII. Evo, by an assurance of that nature concerning the en in the remission of sins, observe, however, that it of those
who define is not always found in all believers.
faith, by the VIII. Chamier is of those who teach, « That certainty of
the renisbelievers know by faith, not only by an uni
sion of sins. versal, or rather by a certain indefinite know
Chamier ledge, that some shall be saved; or that those
qucted. shall be saved who have believed; but also, by a particular knowledge, that they themselves shall be saved, because they believe. | <urn:uuid:05ed0cbf-f492-42ce-b3d7-f4274e331449> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.ee/books?pg=PA100&vq=%22knowing+that+a+man+is+not+justified+by+the+works+of+the+law,+but+by+the+faith+of+Jesus+Christ%3B%22&dq=editions:HARVARDHN3AYZ&lr=&id=Y64TAAAAYAAJ&hl=et&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.964838 | 1,592 | 2.03125 | 2 |
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Speech to Simon Community Seminar
Housing, Homelessness and Rights
Monday, 26th September 2016
As we all know, we have a national housing crisis. The broken housing market has led to consistent under-supply of homes since 2009.
Rebuilding Ireland – The Government’s Action Plan on Housing and Homelessness is about fixing the range of individual, but totally inter-dependent factors, crucial to a proper functioning market. It is solution focused. It is well resourced. Implementation is underway.
To remind ourselves of where we’re at in terms of homelessness:
During a single week in August, 4,248 adult individuals and 2,363 children used emergency accommodation. That’s 6,611 people. The children are part of 1,151 families in emergency accommodation.
Almost 90% of these families are in the Dublin Region, where just over 650 of them are accommodated in hotels any given night.
While Rebuilding Ireland kicks in and social housing supply increases, actions on homelessness can’t wait. That’s why Pillar 1 focuses on how to move people out of homelessness and also prevent people falling into homelessness.
Response to Date and why Rebuilding Ireland is Different
Homelessness is not easy to solve and requires a response across multiple Government Departments and Agencies. Pillar 1, as launched last Thursday, like the rest of the Plan, brings together the actors needed to make it happen. It has buy-in and support across the relevant Government Departments and Agencies to make actions happen.
Key Actions for Exiting Homelessness
Let me tell you about some of the key initiatives which will help move people out of homelessness, and where we’re at on them.
Out of Hotels
The Plan commits to ensuring that by mid-2017, hotels will only be used as emergency accommodation in limited circumstances. For that to happen we have 3 key actions and targets.
Firstly, at least 1,500 rapid-build homes will be delivered by end-2018. We will have more than 320 homes either complete or under construction on site by end-2016. Sites for a further 200 have already been identified and work is ongoing to identify sites for a further 500 homes to be constructed in 2017.
It is important to emphasise that Rapid build is just part of a broader social housing construction programme. Efforts to significantly ramp up social housing construction nationally are taking effect. In 2015, only 74 units were constructed by local authorities. In 2016, more than 1,500 units across 100 sites will be completed or under construction. In 2017, more 2,300 additional units will be completed or under construction. Before year end these figures will increase further.
Secondly, we’re expanding the Homeless HAP scheme in the Dublin Region to create 1,750 tenancies by end-2017; 550 this year and 1,200 next year.
We’ve created 450 tenancies so far this year, so we’re well on target. Also, 70% of these are families with children.
Including the Dublin scheme, some 715 homeless households have been homed nationally through HAP to date
Thirdly, the Housing Agency has been given a rotating fund of €70m to acquire 1,600 units from banks and investment companies for social housing by 2020.
Already, 737 properties have been referred to the Agency for potential acquisition, with expressions of interest made in respect of 686 of these. Thus far, the Agency has made bids for 96 of these properties, of which 49 have been accepted. Some work done but a lot more to be done.
It’s important to note the on-going and good work done in housing authorities and housing services in moving people out of homelessness. In 2015, 2,315 people were assisted in moving out of homelessness. In 2016, to end-June, over 1,350 sustainable exits have been achieved.
Housing First is an approach that puts appropriate housing in place first and then provides the wrap around supports in terms for health and other support that people need.
Rebuilding Ireland commits to tripling the target for housing for rough sleepers provided by the Housing First Teams from the current 100 to 300 by end-2017. Housing first Teams are a consortium of the Dublin Region Homeless Executive, Focus Ireland and McVerry Trust.
54 individuals have been homed to date under the current programme. Cork City Council is considering arrangements for a similar housing-led initiative. Also, the Department of Housing is considering arrangements to establish a ring-fenced fund for housing-led initiatives across the country in 2017.
Supports for Those in Emergency Accommodation
We are committed to ending the use of hotels for emergency accommodation. In the meantime, we are going to ensure that services and supports for families, and particularly children, are far better.
The Minister for Children and Youth affairs is committed to helping with additional supports to get families out of emergency accommodation including the funding of additional support works.
Other supports being put in place by the Minister for Children include access to Early Year Services, School Completion Programmes, access to free public transport for family travel and school journeys. Practical supports and advice for good nutrition for those with access to cooking facilities.
It’s important to ensure that there is sufficient emergency accommodation in the system, particularly as we head into the winter period.
We have requested and received proposals for additional emergency accommodation from Dublin Region Homeless Executive to ensure that no one needs to sleep outdoors this winter.
On Thursday, Minister Coveney announced that 210-230 additional spaces for single homeless adults will be provided over the period November – January in Dublin and he is committed to making funding of up to €4 million available for this purpose.
This emergency accommodation will be city-based in safe, appropriate and good quality facilities which can be brought into use on a temporary basis.
Also, the Action Plan commits to reviewing emergency accommodation capacity nationally to ensure that the facilities and bed-spaces are adequate for demand.
Along with the provision of stable housing, healthcare services have a particular role to play in supporting homeless people, each of whom has a unique personal history, their own story and experiences, which have culminated in becoming homeless and needing support.
While housing supply and accommodation are obviously major elements of the Government’s action plan, accommodation alone will not address some of the more complex needs related to homelessness like addiction and mental health issues.
As part of the Action Plan, the Department of Health has demonstrated its commitment to providing additional healthcare support services for homeless people through an additional €2 million in funding for the HSE for these services in 2016 and a commitment that this will treble to €6 million during 2017 and 2018.
This additional funding in 2016 will ensure that individuals and couples with high support needs can access the range of health services and supports they require while living in supported temporary accommodation or long-term accommodation.
Because of the strong inter-relationship between drug addiction and homelessness, the development of the National Drugs Strategy will also contribute to the goals of the Action Plan. It will include specific actions to address the rehabilitation needs of homeless people with addiction problems.
In 2017, the €6 million in additional funding will continue to support the voluntary and community sector in providing homeless services.
This will include supporting those availing of the “Housing First” scheme as this scheme grows and expands, and expanding the in-reach GP and nursing services in supported temporary accommodation where visiting health professionals visit to treat and care for homeless people.
There will also be a focus on the provision of longer term accommodation for homeless people with chronic and enduring health needs.
The Department of Health is developing Community Mental Health Teams, including additional Mental Health Nurses and counselling services to support homeless people and those at risk of homelessness will also be a priority.
Funding has also been committed for an intermediate healthcare step-down facility and the development of an addiction treatment unit by Dublin Simon at Usher’s Island in Dublin 8.
In 2016 the HSE will spend just over €30m to improve the health and quality of life of homeless people with approximately 90% of this funding going to the community and voluntary sector.
We must ensure that as many people as possible are assisted to avoid them falling into homelessness.
Over 9,000 Rent Supplement tenancies have been protected since 2014 because of case-by-case rent supplement increases from the Department of Social Protection. Also, 2,500 existing HAP tenancies have received increased payments. That’s about 11,500 tenancies protected.
An awareness and information campaign is being put in place to raise awareness for tenants about their rights and the services available to them.
The DRHE are putting in a place a One-Stop Shop assessment centre for families presenting as homeless. This will have multi-agency participation including housing authorities, Tenancy Protection Services, Tusla, Family Mediation Services, Social Protection and NGOs. The intention is every effort will be made to keep families in their homes if they present as homeless or at risk of homelessness. This will be ready by the end of the year.
Addressing mortgage arrears is critical to support people to remain in their homes. The Plan provides that people in arrears will have access to independent legal and financial advice.
The Department of Finance and the Central Bank will ensure that the Code of Conduct on Mortgage Arrears provides a strong framework for borrowers who are struggling.
My Department is exploring how to improve the Mortgage-to-Rent Scheme to facilitate more households, including long-term leasing arrangements.
It is the co-ordinated delivery of housing, health and social care supports that is the key to resolving homelessness for rough sleepers and the long term users of emergency accommodation. The 21 actions in Pillar 1 of Rebuilding Ireland reflect this multi-faceted approach.
A whole of Government commitment to addressing homelessness is now in train. I believe it will have a measurable and sustained impact on reducing the numbers of people sleeping rough. It will also mean that more homeless people than ever before will have a permanent home with appropriate wraparound health supports, after years spent in and out of emergency hostels and shelters. | <urn:uuid:11065a97-74d5-4e05-a346-abd4680a13d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://damienenglish.wordpress.com/2016/09/26/speech-to-simon-community-seminar-housing-homelessness-and-rights/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.95626 | 2,133 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Herman Miller: A Way Of LivingPHAIDON
A chronicle of the rich history of this innovative furniture company, from its founding in the early twentieth century to today!
For more than 100 years, Michigan-based Herman Miller has played a central role in the evolution of modern and contemporary design, producing timeless classics while creating a culture that has had a remarkable impact on the development of the design world.
Ten chapters and thousands of illustrations tell the Herman Miller story, documenting its defining moments and key leaders - making Herman Miller: A Way of Living an indispensable addition to the bookshelves of design-lovers around the globe.
- H 11" 3/8 x W 8" 3/8 in
- 614 pages
- 1000 illustrations
- ISBN: 9780714875217 | <urn:uuid:06660534-75ea-47c4-aecc-56c1bdf2f92b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.drakegeneralstore.ca/products/herman-miller-a-way-of-living | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.901654 | 175 | 1.5625 | 2 |
The lymphatic and cardiovascular systems work in unison to detoxify the body. Blood is transported away from the heart through capillaries to exchange wastes and nutrients with adjacent tissue cells. Wastes are transported from the blood to the lymph nodes, which filter them before returning the fluid to the bloodstream. If one of these systems is impaired, blood flow is decreased and the heart has to work extra hard to pump blood. That’s why massage is important. Start looking for a luxury massage Dubai center to book an appointment.
Massage is a fantastic way to relieve stress, improve blood circulation, and maintain good skin. A massage increases the production of the hormones serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins. These hormones are important for a good mood, and massage increases their production. It also decreases the hormone cortisol, which is responsible for stress. A massage increases these hormones, resulting in healthier skin and a more relaxed state of mind.
Massage helps ease pain by increasing circulation to sore muscles and joints. This extra circulation warms the sore area and increases its oxygenation. Recent studies on animal models have found that massage can increase the release of opioids, which cause a feeling of calmness and relaxation. Oxytocin is a hormone that flow through the body before labor and is believed to be responsible for the reduced levels of pain experienced during delivery. Massage can also reduce stress by increasing tissue elasticity and temperature, two factors that contribute to increased relaxation.
Reduces muscle stiffness
Increased circulation promotes flexibility and helps relieve common back pain. Exercises can relax the muscles and reduce muscle stiffness. Increased circulation also improves blood flow, which can improve flexibility and provide comfort to an aching area. While this approach may not be effective for everyone, it can be a great way to improve your quality of life and feel better sooner. However, it is important to get the proper advice from a medical professional before you begin any stretching program.
Improves blood flow
Massage is beneficial to the body’s circulation and skin, so getting a good massage is great for both. During a massage, capillaries expand and improve circulation. Increased blood flow means more oxygen and nutrients are available to muscles, which improves the body’s health and energy. Also, it increases the skin’s temperature. But how can massage improve blood flow? A recent study investigated this question.
There are several types of cellulite massage. Some are crude, and more likely to contribute to cellulite than others. In any case, these types of massage are highly therapeutic and more pleasant than most beauty treatments. But how can you know if a massage is the best treatment for cellulite? Read on for tips on how to find the best cellulite massage for you. Listed below are some of the most effective cellulite massages.
European Spa is a professional massage, offering a range of luxury massage treatments tailored to your needs. | <urn:uuid:177e0d0c-8b03-4cfd-9298-5467d0ef047d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cowboy-poetry.org/how-massage-can-help-with-blood-circulation-and-good-skin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.932392 | 606 | 2.3125 | 2 |
As the biggest Chinese exchanges announce the implementation of transaction fees, Bitcoin, once again, shows off its inherent capacity to quickly adjust to the ever-changing environment, and to not only recover from adversity but to also get stronger.
The latest shock resulting from the imposition of transaction fees by Chinese exchanges caused bitcoin trading volumes to plunge dramatically on January 24, 2017. Now, as bitcoin’s value springs back, puncturing the USD 900 resistance level, trading migrates to non-fee-charging exchanges, and traders renew their optimism about the cryptocurrency.
Chinese Exchanges Start Charging Transaction Fees
Bitvc, a bitcoin exchange registered in Hong Kong, joined Okcoin, Huobi, and BTCC in their decision to charge a 0.2 percent fixed trading fee starting on January 24, 2017.
Most recently, on January 26, CHBTC announced its plans to start charging fees too. However, the rate of the trading fees remains undetermined.
The Chinese exchanges’ announcements of their decision to start charging transaction fees caused bitcoin trading volumes to decline spectacularly.
In this regard, Bloomberg reported, “trading volume has plunged 98 percent compared with the first days of 2017, according to data from bitcoinity.org.”
Curbing Manipulation and Volatility in Bitcoin Trading
Eradicating these market flaws is precisely BTCC’s objective for charging fees. The BTCC announcement states, “To further curb market manipulation and extreme volatility, BTCChina will start charging fees for bitcoin and litecoin trading from 12:00 p.m. (noon) UTC+8 on Tuesday, January 24th.”
In effect, many Bitcoin enthusiasts see benefits resulting from the fees being charged by the Chinese exchanges. For example, Reddit user Blaireau1 believes that trading fees will let us see the true Chinese bitcoin market size.
Moreover, according to Blaireau1, “while China still accounts for a fair share of all bitcoin transactions, the reduced share means that any actions now by the Chinese authorities to close off bitcoin will have a far lower impact than was previously thought. This surely reduces volatility and in the longer run will help Bitcoin achieve greater acceptance.”
Now, the latest indicators show that trading is shifting to exchanges that do not charge transaction fees.
Moreover, other exchanges in the region have been gaining prominence. For instance, as of January 28, 2017, Bitflyer, a Japanese exchange, ranks first in the ‘Bitcoin Exchanges Volume Ranking’, according to data from Coinhills.
Bitcoin, the Sturdy Currency
Once again Bitcoin’s resilience is being tested. The currency has had to confront a litany of obstacles during its nine years of existence, which include Mt Gox, the Silk Road, and other scandals.
Moreover, let’s not forget that in 2013, China’s central bank banned financial institutions from performing transactions with bitcoins. This decision caused the cryptocurrency to crash over 20 percent to below $1,000 USD.
Now, the charging of transactions fees by major Chinese exchanges is just the latest episode. The good news is that Bitcoin has always bounced back from any difficulties stronger and reinvigorated. Traders will diversify exchanges and re-adapt to the new ecosystem. Most importantly, the bitcoin market will become more transparent, more stable, less speculative, and better supported by more factual trading volume data.
Traders like Bobby Lee, CEO of BTCC, remain optimistic. Lee said in his Lunar New Year message, “BTCC was successful in 2016. We are working hard to reach greater success in 2017.”
Do you think Chinese exchanges charging trading fees will help us see the true size of the Chinese bitcoin trading market? Let us know what you think about these subjects in the comments below.
Imagines courtesy of Shutterstock and BTCC.
Bitcoin.com is the most unique online destination in the bitcoin universe. Buying bitcoin? Do it here. Want to speak your mind to other bitcoin users? Our forum is always open and censorship-free. Like to gamble? We even have a casino. | <urn:uuid:863e1056-8d69-4ab0-8502-8e19e92ef517> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.bitcoin.com/bitcoin-resilient-after-chinese-exchanges-start-charging-transaction-fees/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.9376 | 851 | 1.59375 | 2 |
FRANTFORT, Ky. — Eddie Gibson is finding new ways for his small Kenton County dairy farm to survive.
“I’d be perfectly content if I could just milk these cows and keep the bills paid,” said Gibson, a fourth generation dairy farmer. “But with a small farm, that’s hard to do anymore.”
Gibson runs a diversified dairy farm operation that not only produces fluid milk, but also artisan cheese. While he launched a partnership with Cloverdale Creamery near Taylorsville eight years ago, he is now “trying to make ends meet” in a different direction.
“Our niche is agritourism,” he said. “I didn’t know if I would like it, but I’m not getting any younger and it’s a less physical way to keep things going.”
Hosting guests on his dairy farm for an interactive tour is helping him pay his bills and still maintain his farm.
“We’re so close to Cincinnati, which has more population than Louisville or Lexington. Before COVID, things were starting to roll. One or two school groups were coming out every week with a busload of 50 kids. I’ve gotta sell a whole lot cheese to make the same as I do from one field trip.”
This summer, Ed-Mar is hosting kids from daycares. But adults also make trips out to his farm for visits. A busload of adults from North Carolina, who had come to northern Kentucky to visit the Creation Museum in Boone County and the Ark Encounter in Grant County, stopped by recently.
“It’s starting to pick back up,” Gibson said. “I feel sure we will be pretty busy in the fall.
“When folks stop by the farm for a visit, I do my best to show them not only where milk comes from, but in today’s world, I want them to see that these cows are very well cared for. I tell folks all the time that these cows live better than a lot of people on this earth live.”
The interactive farm tour includes five stations: bottle feeding calves, watching a robot milk the cows, showing what cows eat, making butter and sampling cheese, and a hayride.
Ed-Mar has been one of the most visited locations on the annual Kenton County Farm Tour, which is scheduled to resume Sept. 18 after being cancelled last year due to the coronavirus pandemic.
“We’ll have 2,500 people stop by that day,” Gibson said. “We’ll sell cheese, make grilled cheese sandwiches, and hand crank ice cream – all for charity. That’s our chance to give back.”
Gibson is considering adding an events barn to allow Ed-Mar to host weddings, parties, reunions, retreats, and other group events.
“I’m thinking about moving an old tobacco barn here,” Gibson said, noting his other farm nearby, where he grew up, has several old barns that are about to fall down featuring hand-hewn beams and posts. “Those barns were old when dad bought the farm in 1950. They were probably 50 years old then.”
Gibson’s great grandfather was the first member of his family to own a dairy farm in northern Kentucky.
“My grandfather did all the work,” Gibson said, remembering him reminisce about the deadly Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918-20. “He was only one that didn’t get sick. He was only 10 or 11 (years old), but he took care of the farm and the family.”
Ed-Mar’s name is a combination of the names of Eddie Gibson and his wife, Marcy. Seven years ago, the 130-acre operation became the first dairy farm in Kentucky to install a robotic milking machine, which they nicknamed “Pearl” after Marcy’s grandmother. Pearl allows the cows to milk 24 hours a day, whenever they choose.
“What makes it work is the snack,” Gibson said. “They come to the robot to get their snack, and they get milked at the same time.”
Not having to milk cows twice a day has freed up time the Gibsons can spend with their teenage daughter, Maddie.
“She’s really into sports,” Gibson said. “We can go watch her play, and I don’t have to have somebody here to cover for me. It (Pearl) gives you flexibility, and honestly, it does a better job than I could ever do.”
Collar tags allow Pearl to remember each cow, the amount of feed she needs, and the exact location and size of her udder and teats. Each cow gets milked an average of three times per day, which has increased production by 20 percent.
Each day, the farm’s 50-60 cows produce 500-600 gallons of milk. Right now, most of Ed-Mar’s milk is trucked to a Dairy Farmers of America cooperative, where it has won multiple awards for quality.
Every month, one day’s worth of raw milk is sent to Cloverdale to be made into eight varieties of English-style cheeses using old-world recipes. Most of the finished product goes to Louisville-based Creation Gardens, which supplies more than 16,000 restaurants in 10 states.
Ed-Mar gets some of the cheese back to sell. The flagship flavor is Maddie’s Gold, a Double Gloucester-style hard cheese named after the Gibsons’ daughter. For those that are not cheese connoisseurs, there’s an American-style Kenton County Colby.
Gibson is committed to remaining a small-scale dairy farm, mainly because expanding his herd beyond 60 cows would require installing another expensive robotic milker.
“That’s not going to happen,” he said. “So we’ll continue moving more and more in the agritourism direction.”
— Chris Aldridge, Kentucky Department of Agriculture
For more news from Kentucky, click here. | <urn:uuid:985a5970-abe5-4e21-897c-28533df3e010> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.morningagclips.com/kenton-county-dairy-farm-turns-to-agritourism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.969085 | 1,334 | 1.78125 | 2 |
ENGAGING HOMEOWNER ASSOCIATIONS TO REDUCE NUTRIENT RUNOFF IN STORMWATER PONDS
- Atkinson, County Extension, UF; P. Monaghan, E. Ott, Agricultural Education and Communication, UF, G. Hansen, Environmental Horticulture, UF
Situation: Community stormwater ponds are important for water quality because of their ecological function, they also serve an aesthetic purpose and increase property value. Homeowners in communities desire a clean look to their stormwater ponds which demands pond managers to utilize short-term solutions like copper sulfate which could create long-term problems for water quality. Objectives: This project, through a community based social market approach, emphasizes that by helping to keep the ponds in good condition with preventive measures like Florida-Friendly Landscaping practices. Methods: An educational outreach program with four points was developed based on the information we have obtained from the focus groups, advisory board and pre-survey results. The programs design let homeowners know what the ponds do and how they can be maintained, made sure homeowners knew about and followed the fertilizer ordinance, and helped homeowners understand buffer zones and shoreline planting. Results: According to the pre and post surveys knowledge increased (n=618):
- Pre 65% to post 23% (42% change) residents that did not know about the Manatee County ban on summer applications of nitrogen fertilizer.
- Pre 48% to post 19% (29% change) of residents did not know that stormwater from their lawns and streets drained into stormwater ponds or that the ponds were connected to each other.
Conclusion: The community based social marketing approach takes time to build a relationship to be able to gather information but also to compile and analyze the information gathered. The benefit, however, is offering a program that specifically addresses the behaviors utilizing identified motivators of the community to promote adoption of recommended changes.
(Click photo to enlarge.) | <urn:uuid:50e6aff4-2e81-4d93-b7bf-39d49f3dee0b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/extension/2016/10/28/engaging-homeowner-associations-reduce-nutrient-runoff-stormwater-ponds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947846 | 399 | 2.890625 | 3 |
In recent years, public awareness of light pollution and the health and environmental effects of artificial light has grown – as have Earth’s light emissions according to satellite imagery. What satellite images don't show is what kind of light sources on the ground, and how many there are. To close this data gap, a team of citizen scientists and researchers from the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences have developed the ‘Nachtlicht’ (NightLights) app. The web application allows artificial light sources on the ground to be systematically recorded at large scale for the first time. In September and October 2021, the app will be used by numerous citizen science measurement campaigns. Preparations for Nachtlicht campaigns are underway in Bochum, Dresden, Erlangen, Fulda, Würzburg, Potsdam and in the community of Preußisch-Oldendorf near Detmold. Abroad, groups in Spain, Ireland, Canada and Italy are also participating in the citizen science project.
The citizen scientist and researcher team invites everyone who is interested to participate in generating scientific data. Maria Zschorn and Sicco Bauer from the Dresden campaign organizing team have already tried out the app. "The nice thing is that counting with the app feels a bit like a game, but at the same time advances science," said Maria Zschorn, who is doing her PhD on light pollution and landscape planning at TU-Dresden. Sicco Bauer has been part of the team that developed the app as a citizen scientist volunteer since 2019, and says "it's a great feeling to use the app for the first time, after almost two years of joint work".
Understanding light emissions to illuminate more sustainably
The web app allows participants to record a wide variety of light sources on public streets and squares, as well as their brightness, color and emission direction - from street lamps and shop window lighting to neon signs and garden lights. This data does not yet exist. While information about public lighting is often in public databases, comprehensive data on private lights has never been produced in the past. "Street lighting only accounts for part of light emissions from cities," explains Dr. Christopher Kyba of GFZ. The physicist has been researching the extent and changes in artificial lighting at night for years using remote sensing techniques such as aerial photography and satellite imagery. "Satellite data documents radiance, how brightly different locations emit light towards space," Kyba explains. "But they don't tell us exactly what's shining on the ground." Kyba led the development of the app in order to help scientists understand the light sources on the ground, but says the data will also providing a scientific basis for a transition to more sustainable lighting in the future.
The citizen science effort has also had interesting side effects. "Even as we were developing the app, we found that counting lights had a mind-opening and awareness-raising effect on us. Many of us were amazed at how many different lights shine out there, in different colors and shapes," reports Dr. Nona Schulte-Römer, who provides social science support for the project at GFZ. "Our measurement campaigns in Dresden and other cities allow us to talk with citizen scientists about where and when they might appreciate artificial lighting, or could even do without it."
The question of which light sources illuminate the night and for what purpose is increasingly being recognized as a sustainability issue, beyond only energy savings. Sabine Frank, the night protection officer of the district of Fulda and the Rhön Biosphere Reserve explains: "outdoor lighting is too often poorly installed in inappropriate light colors and quantities. Instead of shining only where light is needed, the light shines in all directions, dazzles people, and disturbs the day-night rhythm of animal and plant life within a radius of several kilometers". Frank was also actively involved in the app development, and is co-directing the Nachtlicht campaign in the “star city” of Fulda in early September
Night Lights Campaigns - coming soon to your neighborhood!
In September and October, teams of citizen scientists will fan out in their cities and towns after dark and use the Nachtlichter app to record all the light sources they find along pre-defined streets in selected areas. The researchers say that anyone who wants to join in is welcome at any time, provided they first complete a short online app training course (see link below) that ensures data quality. Throughout Germany, kickoff events are planned to launch the campaigns. People who would like to participate in the research but do not live in one of the measurement areas can still take part by defining their own transects. More information can be found on the project website nachtlicht-buehne.de/nachtlichter.
After the campaigns, GFZ scientists will evaluate the collected data, compare it with satellite data of the measuring areas and publish the data, findings and experiences of the campaigns in openly accessible venues, in collaboration with the core project participants that developed the app.
Background and further information on the citizen science project.
- Nachtlichter App (English and German)
- App-Tutorial – English Version(also available in German).
- 45-minute webinar on the scientific background of the project is available in German on Youtube at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qACmiwkwZ78
- Registration links and further information on the local NightLights campaigns in Dresden, Erlangen, Fulda, Potsdam and Würzburg: https://nachtlicht-buehne.de/nachtlichter
The app development and campaigns are part of the pilot project Nachtlicht BüHNE (Bürger-Helmholtz-Netzwerk für die Erforschung von nächtlichen Lichtphänomenen) funded by the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers. As part of the citizen science project, an app for documenting fireballs was also developed at the German Aerospace Center DLR in Jena (see: nachtlicht-buehne.de/feuerkugeln). | <urn:uuid:1fe2a8e6-3b75-4e3a-829e-a6430a93763f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gfz-potsdam.de/en/press/news/details/we-count-lights-because-the-night-counts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.935155 | 1,288 | 3.484375 | 3 |
Oct. 10, 2002 – Parents concerned about children with behavior problems are invited to hear more about a new drive to curb juvenile delinquency that involves baseball, on Saturday morning at Chase Auditorium on the University of the Virgin Islands campus.
A program called St. Thomas Baseball Explorers will be introduced. Social workers, prosecutors and attorneys from the territorial Public Defender's Office are expected to be on hand to explain what parents and their youngsters can expect if misbehavior or experimentation with drugs leads to a brush with the law. Attendees also will have the chance to view a series of videos on the subject of juvenile delinquency.
"This provides an excellent opportunity for parents to ask the most important questions and really understand what will confront their children if they become involved in any level of crime," attorney Fred Vialet Jr. said. Vialet chairs the board of the Beyond Visions Foundation, the organizer of the Saturday forum.
According to Michael Bute, president of Baseball Explorers, the organization's program utilizes sports as an outlet and an incentive for youngsters who need encouragement to improve their grades and their discipline. "The St. Thomas Baseball Explorers Inc. focuses on the development of baseball skills as a tool to improve the physical and academic skill of youth, especially for those who may be potentially high-risk for unacceptable behavior," Bute said.
The presentation is from 9 a.m. to noon. It is being made possible by a grant from the Law Enforcement Planning Commission.
Publisher's note : Like the St. Thomas Source now? Find out how you can love us twice as much — and show your support for the islands' free and independent news voice … click here. | <urn:uuid:76c3127d-0893-43fd-86fb-24fffe8b4900> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stthomassource.com/content/2002/10/11/baseball-explorers-program-be-explained/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.956034 | 342 | 2.125 | 2 |
Mobilizing Equitable Finance by Addressing Systemic Gender Bias
Women influence 80 percent of consumer spending decisions for their households and hold 40 percent of global wealth. Women’s incomes were estimated to have reached $24 trillion in 2020, or $3 trillion more than the GDP of the United States in that year, which was (and still is) the largest in the world. We also know that societies cannot develop sustainably without distributing resources and opportunities among all members.
As Linda Scott argues in The Double X Economy, when women are not taken into consideration as potential managers, employees, consumers, and entrepreneurs, it not only undermines the competitiveness of companies and industries but also impacts the economic growth, stability and strength of an entire country.
Taking into account Gender norms
There is an estimated $300 billion gender financing gap for formal, women-owned small businesses, and 70 percent of women-owned small and medium enterprises (W-SMEs) have unmet financial services needs. Research also emphasizes the importance of diversity in funds and companies.
“The relationship between diversity and business performance persists. The statistically significant correlation between a more diverse leadership team and financial outperformance demonstrated three years ago continues to hold true on an updated, enlarged, and global data set.”
Furthermore, “private equity and venture capital funds with gender-balanced senior investment teams generated 10 percent to 20 percent higher returns compared with funds that have a majority of male or female leaders.” IFC 2019.
To close the financing gap substantially, women need to be involved at every level of the financial services industry — from bank agents, to branch managers, to the boardroom. Not only does this increase diversity, it also creates opportunities for women themselves to influence decisions that affect banking and financial outcomes for women. For example, women would have greater opportunity to advocate for collecting disaggregated information about men and women as banking customers, which could be incorporated into more competitive, novel banking products and services offered. If a gender-balanced banking sector workforce were to be achieved at scale, resulting in the needs and desires of potential women clients seeking financial products and services to be taken into greater consideration, it would revolutionize the industry. For this to happen, we need to better understand and shift gender norms and systemic bias that result in a male-dominated industry that constrains lending, and other financial services, to women.
In their Gender, Power and Progress: How Norms Change report, Advancing Learning and Innovation on Gender Norms (ALIGN) defines gender norms as “the informal rules of society that define how people of a particular gender identity are expected to behave, determine what people think and do as well as shape the attitudes and behavior of individuals in relation to each other”. In addition, gender norms deeply “affect outcomes for women” related to everything from health and education to marriage, freedom of movement, economic security, and employment opportunities. ALIGN notes that individuals learn gender norms first at home and then build structures and systems in their communities that are largely created by and for men. The banking and financial services sector is no exception. The vast majority of banks in emerging markets offer products tailored exclusively to men.
Results are noteworthy when steps are taken to address these gender norms, such as: increasing land titles for women; using psychometric testing to secure loans; hiring more female bank agents; and providing training on working with women clients. For instance, Banco BHD León in the Dominican Republic produced an internal rate of return (IRR) of 35 percent after designing and incorporating financial services for women customers into their business model. Largely by debunking myths about women as clients, BLC Bank Lebanon achieved an IRR of 30 percent as a result of growing its W-SME loan portfolio by 51 percent and deposits made by women by 78 percent. However, we can't expect a significant dent in the $300 million financing gap to be made one bank at a time.
USAID is seeking to work faster and smarter by engaging with host-country regulators and policy makers through the Better Than Cash Alliance, which works with governments and firms to responsibly navigate a shift away from cash to digital payments (notably government-to-person and business-to-customer payment flows). USAID is also partnering with financial services associations and organizations at the industry level, such as CGAP’s FinEquity platform, to scale proven solutions from USAID's Engendering Industries program so that women have more equitable economic opportunities as managers, employees, consumers, and entrepreneurs as a means of increasing their economic access and agency.
By continuing to invest in women and girls through activities that seek to influence the entire banking industry, the global development community can work together to significantly close the gender economic opportunity gap for generations to come.
The guest blog was written by Gwen Snyder, Private Sector Engagement and Women's Economic Empowerment Advisor, PSE Support, USAID Contractor.
This article is part of a blog series on themes to be discussed at an upcoming webinar, Promoting Gender Equity through Finance. To engage more with this content, please join USAID at the webinar on February 24 at 9 am EST. This webinar is part of an ongoing series exploring the role of development finance in private sector engagement and will highlight themes from the Mobilizing Finance For Development online course, which is available on the USAID Learning Lab and USAID University (for USAID staff). | <urn:uuid:fc5ae4c3-68e0-4b6a-b1ea-159c2e086816> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.marketlinks.org/blogs/mobilizing-equitable-finance-addressing-systemic-gender-bias | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.956766 | 1,120 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Technology That Will Remodel Our World In 2018
February 14, 2019
CIT gives full-time, half-time and specialist courses in Art, Business and Humanities, Computing and Info Technology, Engineering, Media, Music, Nautical Studies, and Science. Morgan Stanley cuts its price target on Facebook shares to $200 from $230, citing issues about the social media firm’s advert gross sales after its information scandal. By the same token, it’s best to have someone in high school or school that is tuned in to current occasions and pop culture, someone who can inform you what a Girl Gaga is. Excessive schoolers and college students are normally actively finding out historical past and science, so they can be a assist in these classes.
But sadly, because of money-making strategy of media and lack of curiosity by authorities, very less work is finished in spreading the education. Personally I feel that ‘transhumanism’ – the search to improve and improve on basic human biology by know-how, has large potential to improve our lives by increasing life spans, increasing intelligence, our bodily talents and rather more.
Aside from this, robots use statistical algorithms which can match the present event to any of the saved knowledge and take a decision accordingly. Other impromptu occasions, including pure disasters, conflict, and diseases, might appear every time you age, although your precise decisions are restricted earlier than age 12. Over 400 CMOs, marketing and social media advertising and marketing leaders from over 45 progressive brands map out the future of advertising in NYC in October 2018.
Whereas charting out his firm’s future plans in India, he stated that they are all set to make Bangalore their subsequent era expertise hub in India. The Digiday Media Shopping for Summit is where agency leaders meet to debate the current promoting panorama and how media companies can climate robust instances whereas in search of new enterprise opportunities.
Supporting regular social interactions with their environment be it work and or social events. Two the possibilty of contact with alien life kinds intellegence this can greatly have an effect on future technology and human interplay. By way of our major events, partnerships and advocacy work, London Sport performs a key role in advising the sector on its approach to digital and expertise and the effective brokering of partnerships between the technology trade and sport. | <urn:uuid:44aac758-4849-4f91-93dc-516e5bfc63ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.chooseaustinfirst.com/technology-that-will-remodel-our-world-in-2018.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.943668 | 481 | 1.90625 | 2 |
This course gives an introduction to the most important subjects of contemporary philosophy of science: scientific explanation, laws of nature, causation, the aim and structure of scientific theories, realism and anti-realism, induction and confirmation, relativism and the objectivity of science. Through primary texts the students become acquainted with important figurs in 20th century philosophy of science such as Hempel, Popper, Kuhn, Quine, Feyerabend and Laudan.
This course aims to introduce students to the central ideas and theories of contemporary philosophy of science, and to train them in the reading and discussing of philosophical papers in this area.
Students who successfully complete the course will have a good understanding of:
the central ideas of contemporary philosophy of science: scientific explanation, laws of nature, causation, the aim and structure of scientific theories, realism and anti-realism, induction and confirmation, relativism and the objectivity of science;
the ideas of 20th century philosophers in the field of philosophy of science, such as Hempel, Popper, Kuhn, Quine, Feyerabend and Laudan.
Students who successfully complete the course will be able to:
reproduce the most important theories and ideas from contemporary philosophy of science;
take up a position concerning these ideas and defend that position;
read a philosophical paper by themselves and take up a position regarding it.
- Philosophy: Global and Comparative Perspectives - BA2
Mode of instruction
Lectures (2 hours per week)
Tutorials (2 hours per week)
Class attendance is required for both lectures and tutorials.
Total course load: 5 EC x 28 hours = 140 hours.
Attending lectures: 13 x 2 = 26 hours
Attending tutorials: 13 x 2 = 26 hours
Assessment: exams 2 + 3 = 5 hours
Weekly preparation: 13 x 4 = 52 hours
Preparation for exams: 31 hours
Midterm written exam (40%)
Final written exam (60%)
The final mark for the course is established by determination of the weighted average of several subtests.
Written exam (100%).
The resit consists of one examination for all parts at once, consisting of a written exam covering the entire course content. The mark for the resit replaces all previously earned marks for subtests.
How and when an exam review will take place will be disclosed together with the publication of the exam results at the latest. If a student requests a review within 30 days after publication of the exam results, an exam review will have to be organized.
Blackboard will be used for:
- providing information
Alex Rosenberg, Philosophy of Science, third edition, Routledge, ISBN 9780415891776. (Beware: do not accidentally buy the book Philosophy of Social Science by the same author!)
Yuri Balashov & Alex Rosenberg, Philosophy of Science: Contemporary Readings, Routledge, ISBN 9780415257824.
Chapters 1 and 2 of Rosenberg should be read before the first lecture.
Students are strongly advised to register in uSis through the activity number which can be found in the timetables for courses and exams.
Registration Studeren à la carte and Contractonderwijs | <urn:uuid:856f14ea-f63e-4c8e-8e81-467a14689327> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studiegids.universiteitleiden.nl/courses/86077/philosophy-of-science | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.856714 | 731 | 2.265625 | 2 |
This scene in which King Louie is offering Mowgli "two bananas" was animated vertically on 16 field paper. It makes sense, because the camera moves from a medium close up down to the feet, as they shoot off one and then another banana toward Mowgli.
I love King Louie's facial expressions, You can see on some of the in-between drawings that his eyes used to be a lot smaller, and he was almost bald. As I mentioned before, Walt asked for those changes. According to Dave Michener, who assisted Milt Kahl on Jungle Book, Milt was not in the mood to take care of these alterations. He told Dave:"You do it!"
I also really like the way King Louie's feet squeeze the bananas and turn them into fruity projectiles. The Jungle Book is full of these kinds of personality gags. | <urn:uuid:e977c0dc-e671-4c9f-8285-d87e42aff40c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://andreasdeja.blogspot.com/2022_07_01_archive.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.978289 | 178 | 1.65625 | 2 |
- Laura Berlind is executive director of the Sycamore Institute, a non-partisan public policy research center in Tennessee.
Whether or not you have health insurance, unforeseen medical bills can wreak financial havoc. When those bills go unpaid, it can be even worse.
Like all creditors, health care providers can sue people for unpaid bills or sell the debt to collection agencies. And like other types of unpaid debt, it’s likely to show up on your credit report – used by lenders, employers, utilities, and others to assess your financial reliability.
A unique but common problem
Yet, in many ways, medical debt is unique. Unlike a mortgage or a student loan, most of us don’t go into debt voluntarily for health reasons. The circumstances that lead to medical debt are often things we cannot predict or control, such as emergency surgery, a surprise bill, or a billing dispute between your hospital and your insurance company.
Medical debt is also surprisingly common across all demographic and socioeconomic categories. In 2016, it hurt 1 in 4 Tennessee’s credit reports – the 10th highest rate in America.
While many had thousands of dollars in medical debt, half of those credit histories were under $ 740. However, even small amounts can make progress more difficult by initiating or fueling a cycle of indebtedness and reducing access to jobs, housing and the forms of credit that help people build wealth.
What can policy makers do?
There is no quick fix for medical debt, but Gov. Bill Lee and state lawmakers have a wide range of options to prevent the problem, help people manage it, and mitigate its effects. .
To avoid situations where medical bills go unpaid, they will need to start upfront. One way is to reduce surprise bills that arise when patients visit network or emergency facilities, but are treated by non-network providers.
Meanwhile, getting more Tennesséens registered for health insurance could help them pay better for health care in the first place. Price transparency tools could also contribute to affordability.
The next challenge is to make it easier for people to manage their medical bills. For starters, new rules and monitoring of provider billing and collections could help patients access supports they may already be eligible for, such as insurance coverage or financial assistance and sponsored payment plans. by the hospital.
To help Tennesseans help themselves, policymakers can encourage personal savings and help connect people without bank accounts to traditional financial services instead of more expensive alternatives like payday loans. Likewise, there may be ways to improve access to affordable loans and financial literacy, counseling and coaching.
Downstream, lawmakers also have ways of alleviating the problems of those already in debt. To improve repayment results and reduce stress for Tennesséens with unpaid bills, they could apply existing rules for debt collectors to healthcare providers and affiliates, limit interest rates and update the rules. governing communications from debt collectors.
Addressing certain aspects of debt collection lawsuits could also reduce negative financial and legal consequences. For example, many lawsuits go unchallenged and result in default judgments, even if the basis for the lawsuit is incorrect.
More monitoring of debt settlement services to prevent fraud can also help. Finally, additional limits on how medical debt affects your credit history could ease a significant barrier to financial security and economic mobility. And if all else fails, the charitable approach of paying off people’s debt might at least provide some relief.
What can you do?
The root causes of medical debt are often beyond our control, but the solutions are not. Any of the above mentioned policy options can be achieved if we choose to pursue them. While none alone will solve all aspects of this problem, together they could make a real difference to the roughly 1 million Tennessians with medical debt.
To learn more about each of these options, read Full report of the Sycamore Institute on our website. You can also register for our next event, Medical Debt in Tennessee: Causes, Effects, and State-Based Solutions, October 29 from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. at Belmont University.
Laura Berlind is executive director of the Sycamore Institute, a non-partisan public policy research center in Tennessee. | <urn:uuid:c965458a-da1f-4807-aea5-09dcdd680f74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://roanokebluegrass.com/how-to-help-1-million-tennesseens-with-medical-debt/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947433 | 861 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The New Bremen Politics of Parking
The newly-elected Bremen coalition government has agreed ambitious changes to transport policy, and placed them at the forefront of the coalition agreement (Draft Agreement on Cooperation in a Government Coalition for Bremen, 2019-2023), hereafter referred to as the “Koa Treaty”. Meanwhile this draft has been approved internally by all parties of the coalition and it will thus be put into effect by the coalition parties in the near future.
At the same time, the Bremen Alliance for Transport Change -on the basis of the findings of the conference held in Oct. 2018– has set itself the goal of achieving the practical implementation of its core requirement, the introduction of a city-wide management of public parking areas in Bremen, making parking chargeable all over the place.
This post opens a series on the topic “Management of public parking spaces”. The aim is to provide activists in Bremen with a common conceptual and factual framework for their actions in initiatives, associations, district councils, etc.
Episode 1: The coalition agreement as a starting point
Title page of the Koa Treaty (draft)
Already in the preamble of the Koa Treaty (see pp. 2 ff.), the future government partners emphasise the necessity to push forward the change in transport policy. It will therefore be helpful for all activists to know the contract well, to refer to it in discussions and disputes, as the Koa Treaty is to be considered the “target agreement” of the future government of Bremen – still containing reservations regarding funding on the one hand, but with a clear naming of priorities on the other hand.
Here we focus on the statements of the Koa Treaty regarding parking; they are cited in italics. Numbers at the beginning of a line indicate the corresponding line in the overall version of the Koa Treaty; cuts are indicated by “(…)”.
Let’s start with the preamble (ibid, pp. 2 ff.)
“31 Preamble (…)
112 With our policy, we make a contribution to coping with climate change and to implementing socially viable change in transport policy in Bremen. (…) Pillars of Bremen’s climate protection policy are: (…) driving forward the change in transport policy by promoting attractive low-cost environmentally friendly mobility in the city centre as well as the development of a mandatory multi-level concept for a car-free inner city.
121 Our policies will strengthen social cohesion in our cities (note of author: Bremen and Bremerhaven) and reduce inequality between neighbourhoods. We have to improve the living conditions across all departments in the neighbourhoods (…). In doing so, we support local initiatives, we develop and strengthen public infrastructures (…)
131 We will strengthen citizens participation opportunities (…).
135 With our policy, housing in Bremen and Bremerhaven will remain affordable for everyone. (…) With our policy, we want to ensure that our country gains attractiveness and security for all. These include safe and clean neighbourhoods and reliable public services. (…) We want to strengthen the administration where it provides immediate services to the citizens.”
In the 26 “fields of action” in the Koa Treaty, important agreements are addressed in several places regarding the topic “parking”:
In the field of action “Transport” (ibid., pp. 37 ff.), the measures relating to parking are specified in a dedicated section:
“1521 parking space. In view of the urban area shortage and in order to increase the quality of stay, we will need public space previously used as parking space for e.g. other road users and free- and play- areas. We also want to avail more space for bicycle parking and mobile points for car sharing.
We will consistently manage public parking space, i.e. we will manage the inner-city areas and identify resident parking. We want to avoid strains on neighbouring quarters through change processes. We will develop the parking space management concept with the participation of the advisory boards and residents of the respective districts.
After 12 years with stable prices, we will also be adjusting the parking fees in the city centre as a means to impact behaviour of motorists. An important benchmark for this is the amount of parking fees in comparable large cities.
We will modernize the parking space regulation with the aim of replacing a compulsory share of the parking spaces with mobility management measures such as car sharing or season tickets for each construction project. This facilitates low-car or car-free housing projects. In order to relieve the newly planned residential areas of cars, we will set up parking spaces and garages for cars.”
“(…) We will consistently prevent illegal parking, especially at street junctions. We want to push back the illegal practice of parking on footwalk; to this end we will see consultation with the advisory councils. Here also residents’ parking is included. This is the only way people with pushchairs, rollators and wheelchairs can move in a barrier-free and safe way, and garbage collection and rescue vehicles can come through the streets without any obstacles “
In addition to this, other chapters of the Koa Treaty also take up parking. The topic is addressed in the action fields:
➢ “Economy” (ibid, pp..78 ff.)
➢ “Home Affairs and Justice” (ibid., pp..117 ff.)
➢ “Financial Framework” (ibid, pp. 137 ff.) Here, the future coalition partners point to the tight financial framework, but they nonetheless emphasize, again, the change of transport policy to be amongst their priorities.
So to what extent are the principles and demands of the Bremen Alliance for the Transport Transition reflected in the Koa Treaty? Here is our assessment. The “principles and demands” are shown below in boldface letters, and the assessment of the degree of their consideration in the Koa Teaty is introduced by “=>”.
The “principles” of the Alliance:
- 1. Public space belongs to all citizens of the city. As a parking lot it is much too precious. => Is addressed indirectly in the preamble.
- Parking is tolerated only in legal parking lots. Illegal parking (on green areas, pedestrian and cycle paths, at junctions and crossings) is consistently punished.=> is addressed with a focus on “parking in confluence areas”, parking on pavements is to be reduced.
- The parking spaces in public space will be gradually reduced.=> Conversion is addressed
- All public parking spaces are managed and made chargeable.=> is addressed with reference to the city centre. For the neighbourhoods “residents” parking is announced
- The parking fees increase with the proximity to the city centre and the density of the district.=> not addressed
- Parking in public areas should be more expensive than parking in a public garage. Parking iin a public garage should be more expensive than the use of publictransport => not addressed
- Paid resident parking is set up city-wide. Second car and RV should have no parking authorisation. For guests, the parking period should be limited. Short-term parking spaces should be set up for service providers and suppliers=> is addressed
- The so called “Umweltverbund” (walking, cycling, public transport, park & ride and carsharing) as an attractive alternative to your own car will be strengthened=> is repeatedly emphasized
- Revenue from parking space management is earmarked for improving the “Umweltverbund” and the enhancement of public space.=> Principle is not addressed, only the refinancing of surveillance forces
The “demands” of the Alliance:
Hiring of sufficient staff for the monitoring of the parking space, immediate start of the punishment of illegal parking.=> The increase in personnel is addressed, the date remains unspecified
Establishment of a planning group “Master Plan Parking Management” with participation of the associations (public authorities)=> is addressed, concept “Parking in the neighbourhoods”
Creation of the budgetary framework so that surpluses from parking management can be earmarked for environmental integration and the enhancement of public space=> is not addressed
So, well over half the Alliance’s aims are being addressed in the Koa Treaty. Implementation, on the other hand, is by no means certain. It will still require consistent lobbying by environmental transport organisations to ensure these laudable policies are actually carried out. | <urn:uuid:654631f5-eb29-4860-9791-64edfb2f700f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bremenize.com/en/parken-muss-kosten-die-zeit-ist-reif/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.935381 | 1,805 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Ask Joan: Recipes, Red Front and a veterans’ memorial
1. Sharing Bear’s sugar cake recipe
2. Red Front, The Swamp and name origins
3. Where did Elmwood veterans’ memorial go?
Some time ago, we had talked about the recipe for Bear’s sugar cookies or sugar cakes, from the former department store, which as originally requested by reader Don Knaub.
Since that time, I received a note from reader Dolores Sterner, who shared her recipe for this treat. Dolores is in her 80s, and the recipe she shared came from her mother-in-law. She said she moved away from York County more than 10 years ago “and now realize how much I miss York County foods.”
Bear’s Sugar Cakes
1 cup shortening (Crisco)
2 cups sugar (granulated)
3 eggs (beaten)
4 cups flour (all-purpose)
1 tsp. baking powder
1 cup buttermilk (or sour milk; I always use milk plus 1 Tbsp. vinegar instead)
1 tsp. baking soda (dissolved in the milk)
Cream the shortening and sugar together. Add the three beaten eggs. Alternately add the dry ingredients (flour and baking powder) then the wet ingredients (milk and baking soda) into the shortening-sugar-eggs mixture. Fold in (don’t stir). Do this in 2 or 3 stages. End with the wet ingredients.
Drop on greased cookie sheet and sprinkle a bit of sugar on top of each. They spread somewhat, so give room.
Bake at 350 degrees for 12 minutes; yields 3 1/2 dozen cakes.
I also received similar recipes from Michele Trout and Sally Fadely; the biggest difference in the one Sally shared is the addition of a teaspoon or more of vanilla, which I know our family would enjoy.
Way back in 2013, I wrote about a 1960 plane crash near the Innerst Farm outside Dallastown. More recently, I had a note from Bonnie Kenny-Strayer about that area.
Bonnie wrote, “Maybe you can help me and some of my other ‘ancient’ friends who have a question about the areas that you mention in this article about the plane crash that happened near Innerst Farm in May of 1960. We all grew up nearby. I would have been 4 years old at the time of the crash, and my oldest sister was 16 at the time and still talks about the crash to this day! Anyway, a bunch of us started ‘talking’ on Facebook about this the other day after I posted a ‘meme’ about swimming in the creek as a child!”
She continued, “My cousin then reminded me how our parents used to take us to ‘The Swamp’ to go swimming in the East Branch of the Codorus Creek when we were kids. Then another Facebook friend wondered where ‘The Swamp’ was located, and after I finished writing directions to her, she said, ‘Oh, that’s near the area they always called ‘Red Front!’ Well… one post led to another and to another, and now we all have the same questions we would like to have answered… Why do they call the area ‘Red Front?’ I remember my parents always calling it that, but I never knew why they called it that?! How did it get that name?”
Finally, she concluded, “Second question is about ‘The Swamp,’ how did the Swamp get that name when it is obviously not a swamp? Was it a swamp at one time in the distant past? We are all now around the ages of 60 to more than 70 years old, and have been familiar with these areas all of our lives… but we don’t know the origin of the names of these areas! Can you answer this riddle for us? You’ve got your work cut out for you now, Joan! Thanks so much for any information you can find out for us! We are just plain curious!”
Well, I had also heard of this area being known as “Rye,” and while I don’t have great answers, I know from fellow blogger Stephen H. Smith that “The Swamp” is at the general area where five roads converge, two with swamp in their names: Hess Farm Road, Dunkard Valley Road, Arbor Drive, Swamp Hollow Lane and Swamp Road.
So why the roads are named that, I can’t say, but it does point us in the direction of an answer, I think. I do not have any info on Red Front, but I’m hoping our readers will! If you have any suggestions on the origin of these names, please do let me know!
To conclude today, I have a question from Carl Knoch of New Freedom, who wrote, “When I was growing up in Elmwood in the 1950s and early 1960s there was a veterans’ memorial at the intersection of East Market Street and Elmwood Boulevard. I believe it contained the names of the Elmwood neighborhood residents killed during World War II. It hasn’t been there for many years. Can you find out what happened to it?”
Jim McClure had actually fielded a very similar question on his York Town Square blog in 2013, but no one so far has been able to turn up what was known as the “Roll of Honor” in Elmwood. So I’ll put it out there again – any ideas? I’d love to know what became of it!Have questions or memories to share? Email me at firstname.lastname@example.org or write to Ask Joan, York Daily Record/Sunday News, 1891 Loucks Road, York PA 17408. We cannot accept any phone calls with questions or information. | <urn:uuid:fda2a190-6a3c-4c40-8bd8-f2cd9cc8c0d2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yorkblog.com/onlyyork/red-front-swamp-elmwood-bears/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.970964 | 1,265 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Aromatic Compounds JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions with Solutions given here will help JEE aspirants boost their preparation for the entrance exam. How? Well, we have compiled a set of questions from various sessions of JEE Advanced held over the years. As aspirants and students go through these questions they will not only be able to have a quick revision of the concepts but it will allow them to further gain a much clear idea about the types of questions, their difficulty level and more. This will also enable them to come up with a better preparation strategy for the exam.
Students will also benefit more as Aromatic Compounds JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions with Solutions has been provided below in the form of a PDF. They can download it instantly and freely. More significantly, students will be able to keep learning even when they are offline and at their own convenience.
*Stay Tuned as the PDF will be uploaded shortly.
JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions on Aromatic Compounds
Question 1. Among the following, the number of aromatic compounds is:
According to Huckel’s rule, there are only 5 aromatic compounds.
Cyclopropenyl anion, cyclooctatetraene and cyclopentadienyl cation are antiaromatic.
Cyclohexa-1, 3-diene is a non-aromatic compound.
Question 2. Choose the correct option that gives an aromatic compound as the major product.
Solution: (B and D)
Question 3. Among the following, reaction(s) which give(s) tert-butyl benzene as the major product is/are:
Solution: (B, C and D)
In option A an elimination reaction occurs therefore it will not give tert-butyl benzene as the major product.
Question 4. The major product U in the following reactions is:
Question 5. Among P, Q, R and S the aromatic compound(s) is/are:
Solution: (All of them)
All the products formed in the above reactions obey Huckel’s rule. Hence all the products formed are aromatic.
Question 6. Identify the correct order of reactivity in electrophilic substitution reaction of the following:
A. 1 > 2 > 3 > 4
B. 4 > 3 > 2 > 1
C. 2 > 1 > 3 > 4
D. 2 > 3 > 1 > 4
Electron donating group (EDG) increases the reactivity of electrophilic substitution reaction and electron-withdrawing group (EWG) decreases it.
(2) Ph − CH3(+I and H.C effect ) > (1) Benzene > (3) PhCl [−I effect of (Cl) group ]> PhNO2 [−I and −R effect of (−NO2) group]
So the correct order is 2 > 1 > 3 > 4 .
Question 7. An aromatic molecule will have:
A. have 4n π electrons
B. have (4n + 2)π electrons
C. be planar
D. be cyclic
Solution: (B, C and D)
An aromatic molecule will have:
(B) (4n + 2)π electrons (by Huckel’s rule)
(C) Planar structure (due to resonance), and
(D) Cyclic structure (due to the presence of sp2 hybrid carbon atoms)
Question 8. Among the following statements on the nitration of aromatic compounds, the false one is:
A. The rate of nitration of benzene is almost the same as that of hexadeuterobenzene
B. The rate of nitration of toluene is greater than that of benzene
C. The rate of nitration of benzene is greater than that of hexadeuterobenzene
D. Nitration is an electrophilic substitution reaction
Hexadeuterobenzene is an isotope of benzene where all hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium.
In the nitration of benzene mechanism, nitronium ion is formed by nitric acid.
The removing of hydrogen doesn’t take participate in the rate-determining step so the kinetic isotope effect is absent.
The rate of nitration of Deuterated benzene is the same as that of the benzene when the same sets of nitrating agent are used in both cases.
Question 9. The bond order of individual carbon-carbon bonds in benzene is:
C. between one and two
D. one and two alternately
The bond order of individual carbon-carbon bonds in benzene is between one and two. It is due to the resonance structure of C6H6. In the benzene molecule, carbon atoms form a ring with alternating single and double bonds in between each of them. Each carbon atom forms one bond with one carbon atom and one bond with another. The bonding electrons are delocalized over the entire molecule. Thus, benzene is a resonance hybrid of two equivalent structures, and the single and double bonds oscillate from one position to the other.
Benzene is a resonance hybrid of two resonating structures. Bond order can be calculated as:
Bond Order = Number of Resonating bonds / Number of resonating structures = 3 / 2 = 1.5
The correct answer is between one and two.
Question 10. Toluene, when treated with Br2 / Fe, gives p-bromotoluene as the major product because the CH3 group
A. is para-directing
B. is meta-directing
C. activates the ring by hyperconjugation
D. deactivates the ring
Solution: (A and C)
-CH3 in toluene is a para directing group.lt activates the ring by both inductive and hyperconjugation effects. | <urn:uuid:e0dd82dd-9c5e-49b4-a4ee-b5b96140b9d4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://byjus.com/jee/aromatic-compounds-jee-advanced-previous-year-questions-with-solutions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.904246 | 1,294 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Monday Pharmaceutical Mystery: September 10
Can you solve the pharmaceutical mystery? Each week, a new case study is presented.
A patient picks up her coumadin refill and says that she just got her INR check and it is perfect. She's on high dose warfarin for a mechanical valve. You know she is at high risk for a blood clot and requires higher than usual INR goal. She says that she has an annoying, pink, bloody discharge from her nose that her doctor knows about, but can not do anything to stop it. He says she just has delicate nasal cavity and there is nothing to cautorize or fix. The patient asks you if you can recommend something.
Mystery: Is there there something to make this patient more comfortable?
Solution: Phenyl ephrine nose spray will constrict the tiny vessels in the nose and stop the bleeding. This is often used in ERs as first line treatment of bloody noses. They also make phylephrin suppositories to stop localized rectal bleeding. You explain to the patient that this is a nonapproved use for phenyl ephrine, and if the discharge is mild she could use it to improve the situation. Severe nose bleeding would require a trip to the ER or urgent care, and could indicate the coumadin levels were too high. | <urn:uuid:094836f7-feae-4846-9743-1c6739328377> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/monday-pharmaceutical-mystery-september-10 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.963342 | 270 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Great grades mean nothing if you don’t have a chaperone - or a Y chromosome
No matter how many "As" they get, some girls know they will never get permission to study overseas.
Meet Maheen*: a hardworking final year A’ Level student. By hardworking, I mean that when Maheen received a B in Chemistry, having lost out by a mark, she stayed back in the library for hours on end every day for three weeks, to finally get an A in the finals.
It’s that kind of hard work that translated into 14 As in her O’ Levels, seven of which were A*. Naturally, she had straight As in her AS Levels. She is the kind of girl that you assume will apply to the best colleges. But Maheen is not calling the shots here. Her parents are, and they are adamant that she stay put in Karachi.
Where to apply for university is usually based on grades, entrance tests, essays and financial means. But for some families in Pakistan, it’s not the fee structure that affects them: it’s social constraints that govern where their children will graduate from. And more often than not, it’s the girls that get the raw end of the deal.
For Maheen, it’s specifically what she calls the issue of the ‘mehram’ (a chaperone who is a blood relative). “If I had relatives living abroad I think my parents would allow me to go,” she said. “But even if I got a scholarship to, say, Cambridge, my parents wouldn’t let me go unless I had an aunt or uncle living nearby.”
Maheen is quick, however, to make a distinction between ‘conservative’ and ‘religious’ reasons.
“Most families say no because of family traditions and not because it is part of religious teachings, or something along those lines.”
Family tradition is what stalled her good friend Ayesha’s* dreams. Now studying at the Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture, her time at Lyceum was spent having to deal with almost all of her peers going abroad or elsewhere in Pakistan for higher education. As Maheen recalls, Ayesha was “very, very upset”.
Then, of course, there is no possible bigger social constraint than the ‘M’ word. In A’ Level student Raheel’s* family it is pretty common to send boys to university, whether within Pakistan or abroad.
But the girls?
“Well, they tend to get married after 18,” he uncomfortably replied. “There was this one Canadian cousin of mine who rebelled and went to university, but then again, she was Canadian,” he added.
Marriage is the kind of constraint that can completely alter your university plans; in my school alone, two girls dropped out after their first year of A’ Levels to get married, with another due to be married as soon as she finishes her studies. But even for girls whose parents agree to send them to university, marriage is always on the cards. Zara*, a final year A’ Levels student, has been told by her mother that she may only apply to IBA or IBM, so that she can stay in Karachi in the event of marriage.
Such social constraints can run deep, even in success stories. Anam* is a final year A’ Level student who plans to apply to the Aga Khan University and pre-med schools in the US. Part of her freedom to choose comes from her mother, who was one of the first women in her family to go to the UK for further education. Even so, “my nana was completely supportive of her, but certain relatives actually visited to tell him he was making a huge mistake”, said Anam.
Let it be clear: Karachi has some excellent universities to offer. It’s just, what is it about parents wanting their girls to stay in their home city?
In a recent interview for Newsweek Pakistan, Jamaat-e-Islami member Samia Raheel Qazi highlighted that more all-women colleges should be set up as Pakistani parents are reluctant to send their girls to mixed universities.
Fair enough, but the girls mentioned here all attended or are attending co-ed schools already. If the proposed women’s colleges are outside Karachi, would these parents let them go?
Still, it’s not all doom and gloom. Four days ago, a beaming Maheen came running down the school corridor to hug me. After endless convincing, her parents have allowed her to apply to the Lahore University of Management Sciences, provided she completes an ‘allima’ (scholar) course alongside. For Maheen, who has studied sciences all her life, even the simple act of applying to one of Pakistan’s best humanities programmes is the chance to learn something completely new. “I keep looking over all the courses and electives they offer, it all just sounds so intellectual and fun!” she said. Here’s to hoping she gets what any prospective student wants: the college of their choice, and not their parents.
*Names have been changed to protect the privacy of individuals | <urn:uuid:270b9b79-b974-498b-a77c-ac74047c5940> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tribune.com.pk/article/7719/great-grades-mean-nothing-if-you-don%E2%80%99t-have-a-chaperone-or-a-y-chromosome | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.976889 | 1,121 | 1.875 | 2 |
There is a clear link between poor attendance at school and lower academic achievement. Regular attendance and punctuality is important to young people's future. Children who frequently miss school often fall behind with their work because they fail to learn the basics which are built upon later.
New regulations state that Head teachers may refuse any leave of absence during term time unless there are "exceptional circumstances". Therefore, to get the very best from educational opportunities, children should only be absent from school for the following reasons.
Illness: For absences of up to 7 days, foster carers or the child's primary carer must contact the school by telephone on the first day and confirm by letter on the child's return. Longer absences should be supported by a GP sickness certificate. Social Workers should be informed of the absence and the reasons. If the child has been absent from school for more than 10 days, the Social Worker should talk to carers, the school and the child, and any other relevant person to understand:
- The reason for the absence,
- How to ensure the child returns to school or education,
- How the child can be helped to catch up on what they have missed.
Medical Appointments: Absence can be authorised by the school for absence for medical or dental appointment during the school day however every effort must be made to try to make these appointments outside of school time.
Education off Site: For pupils attending alternative education provision, the originating school will remain responsible for the attendance of the child. They will be registered as attending education elsewhere. Examples of this are: part-time attendance at a Pupil Referral Unit or Special School, work experience or tuition. In the case of an absence, the carer must inform the alternative provider on the first day of absence giving the reason.
LAC reviews and meetings: These will normally be authorised by the school, although it is expected that these will take place outside school hours wherever possible.
Other reasons for authorised absence: Religious holidays, interviews, study leave (up to 15 days arranged by the school to prepare for Year 11 exams), approved educational activities (e.g. school trips), family bereavement, family contact arrangements that cannot be arranged outside school time.
Useful resources and further guidance
- Information regarding absences from school (NYCC)
- Children Missing Education - Statutory guidance for local authorities (GOV.UK)
- Improving Attendance and Reducing Exclusions (Achievement for All) | <urn:uuid:ef7c725a-c404-45c6-9a01-99bb8ae8e25b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cyps.northyorks.gov.uk/attending-school | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.952992 | 511 | 2.609375 | 3 |
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