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The massive number of people who suffer from back pain makes it easy to see why it is the most frequent reason individuals seek out acupuncture therapy services. In addition, a recent survey showed that over 80% have chronic or acute cases, making them likely candidates for relief with proper treatments.
The acupuncture practice has been around for nearly 3,000 years and was developed in China. It involves applying pressure to various points across one’s body which some scientists believe helps improve the flow of vital energy called Qi. Some believe that it connects all organs within your human system as well as an emotional balance between your life.
Have you ever suffered from chronic pain that just won’t go away? If so, then research by scientists has verified acupressure with hands or a hammer massage gun is a viable treatment. Acupuncture releases endorphins and muscle tension-reducing properties in our bodies which are natural relief mechanisms of sorts.
Massage therapy is an ideal technique to relieve pain and relax without having to move around too much. Therapists use their hands, guns, or other instruments on different areas with deep tissue techniques that help promote blood circulation and reduce tension. It is also really beneficial for those suffering from arthritis or back problems. It helps them feel relief by getting a professional massage at home.
Still, it is not for everyone. And it’s important to find the right spot for your back problem or pain in general. There are more than 400 acupressure points spread across arms, legs, and more, but we won’t discuss them all here – instead, five stand out as being crucial when it comes down to any type of lower-back issue you may have.
Your stomach point is about two fingers from the base of your belly button.
Traditional Chinese medicine describes the Stomach Point as The Sea of Energy. If you apply Firm pressure at this point – it can fortify abdominal muscles, and may also help eliminate lower back problems before they occur and make you more comfortable with less stress on your body as time goes by.
The lower back point is often a difficult area to reach because it’s present two or three vertebrae sections down from the base of your spine. Those with weak ankles may find themselves giving out before they get there, but if you have sturdy feet, then this shouldn’t pose any problems for you.
The lower back point is a crucial spot that provides relief from pain in your Lower Back and sciatica – that is why it’s known as The Sea of Vitality. You can get quick results by applying pressure with either hands or a hammer massage gun to this area of the body.
The spine is the prime bone in your body, and it has a Hipbone Point just below where you’ll find this large bony area.
Place your fingers on the Womb points and apply gentle pressure for relief from hip pain, lower back problems, or sciatica. It’s also helpful in relieving pelvic stress.
These points are located at the back center of your knee and work to unblock energy.
Apply firm pressure on the Commanding Middle or knee back points to help reduce stiffness in your back and knee and also relieve pain, among other things.
Lie on your back and apply pressure with the tips of both hands to exactly where they meet. Then, apply firm friction for 30 seconds every day until it completely heals; this will help keep any scab away.
The Hand Point is a remarkable technique for reducing back pain. The pointed finger on your hand can help you feel better fast by applying firm pressure here and causing acupuncture-like effects in the spine, which would otherwise cause horrible discomfort to those who suffer from it.
The hammer massage gun is an easy and effective way to provide pain relief for yourself or someone else. It can be used at home, in your office- even on the go. The portable device applies non-invasive acupressure treatments by delivering firm pressure where needed with just two fingers; it’s perfect if you don’t want any needles coming into contact with sensitive skin areas like around the eyes, nose, etc.
Though it may look like a great idea to try out these self-acupuncture techniques, it still has it’s downfalls. Be advised, please do not go near any of the points if you have chronic back pain or are suffering from weak spines. Instead, consult an expert first who can give specialist advice on how to approach this technique in a way that is best for your condition.
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May is National Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Awareness Month
What is Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a group of heritable connective tissue disorders that can cause a wide variety of symptoms throughout different body systems; each unique in presentation to the individual. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is classified as a rare disorder affecting 1:5000 people. However, based upon recent research, the prevalence of EDS exceeds this number and could be as high as 1:100 to 1:200 people (Collins, 2015; Nielsen, 2013), or even higher. The variety of symptoms and presentations proves challenging to the medical community in diagnosing and treating patients; many of whom are misdiagnosed and suffer as a result.
Each type of EDS is characterized by a distinct problem in making or using one of the types of collagen. Collagen is the body’s most abundant protein and can be found in nearly every component of our bodies, from our ears, to our eyes and mouth, to our heart, surrounding our internal organs and veins, connecting our joints, in our bones and down to the tips of our toes. Collagen is a strong protein that provides both strength and elasticity to our tissues, as well as allows our tissues to be stretched safely without damage or without being stretched past a normal range. Basically, Ehlers-Danlos syndromes are structural problems caused by defects to the “glue” that holds our bodies together.
A perfect example is described on the website for the EDS 2016 International Symposium.
“If one builds a house with bad materials, perhaps half the necessary wood or aluminum nails, one knows there will be problems. Some problems can be anticipated, but because those materials were used everywhere and aren’t necessarily visible, one may be surprised. Being built out of a protein that doesn’t behave the way it should can result in widespread difficulties in a wide range of severities, even in places one wouldn’t think are connected until one realizes that collagen is used there, too.”
For the reasons stated above, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is viewed as a multi-systemic condition that presents differently in those affected. To learn more about Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, go here. Additionally, to learn about signs and symptoms of EDS, go here and to read about how EDS is diagnosed, go here . An updated list of all recognized types of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, can be viewed here.
In celebration of National EDS awareness month, I have 3 main objectives:
1. Celebrate the release of Our SOS Media, LLC’s debut anthology Our Stories of Strength – Living with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.
- To learn more about this debut anthology, please visit the Our Stories of Strength website.
- To place a pre-order for Our Stories of Strength – Living with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, click here. Digital books will be available to download on May 8th.
- To read about upcoming anthology titles & submission due dates, please go here.
- To read about Our Stories of Strength – Living with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome in EDNF’s Loose Connections Spring 2015, please click here.
2. Participate in the #Just5Minutes EDS challenge & the #MayIBeginYoga2015 yoga challenge on IG. The “Just 5 Minutes” challenge is based upon the rule that I use for myself when I need motivation to get moving and I really do not want to. I also wanted to do this challenge to help show that we can all find something to do to help stay active and keep our bodies strong, even if it’s for Just 5 Minutes. If you are lying in bed or sitting in a chair, there are many ways you can push yourself to move a little more than usual, but safely. Muscle strength is so important when you have EDS, because your muscles end-up picking up the slack for the weaknesses in our connective tissues. The stronger your muscles, the better they do holding our bodies together and the less pain and other issues arise from muscle weakness. Challenges are great ways to push ourselves outside of our comfort zones and find out just how strong we really are. We really are much stronger together.
3. Host the 2nd Annual #EDSRideForACause on May 30th at Zengo Cycle in Bethesda, Maryland. Last year’s EDS RideForACause was so much fun and my goal is to fill-up 2 classes this year. There’s so much still to do, but this event will definitely be a fantastic way to wrap-up EDS awareness month, the release of Our Stories of Strength – Living with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and finish the #Just5Minutes and the #MayIBeginYoga2015 challenges. To sign-up for the 2nd Annual #EDSRideForACause, please visit Zengo Cycle’s website. Space is limited, so please grab your bike soon!
Additional information and details on the 2nd Annual #EDSRideForACause and the release of Our Stories of Strength – Living with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, will be posted here, on our Facebook pages and on other social media platforms. Please check back for updates!
Additional EDS Awareness Month information & events:
**Below list will be updated daily, so please check back often.**
– EDNF’s Loose Connections Newsletters (past and present)
– EDNF’s Resources Guides
– EDNF’s #EhlersDanlosStories video contest:
How to Participate:
1. Create a video that shares part of your EDS story with the world.
2. Upload your video to YouTube with the hashtag #EhlersDanlosStories in the description.
3. To officially enter the contest, paste the YouTube link of your video to EDNF’s Facebook page.
1. The contest runs from May 1st through May 31st at midnight.
2. The video with the most views on YouTube wins a complimentary registration to the 2015 EDNF Learning Conference in Baltimore, August 13-15.
3. EDNF Staff will select a “Staff Favorite” video which will also win a complimentary registration to the 2015 EDNF Learning Conference.
4. Videos must be one minute or shorter, and appropriate for family viewing.
5. You may enter the contest at any time during the month of May.
6. Have fun and spread awareness!
– Join Annabelle’s Challenge Foundation & EDS Awareness Ireland by wearing red on Thursday, May 21nd & posting a pic in support of #VEDS research. When posting and sharing on social media, please use hashtag: #reds4veds.
– 1st Annual Ehlers-Danlos Zebrathon Bash – Saturday May 30th, 2015 in Erie, PA.
– More to come!
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Mannequins and Vintage Things
Sara displays her freshly cleaned mannequin in the craft room. She searched for months trying to find a mannequin that went perfect in her new room, she wanted something crisp and fresh feeling. She gently turns the mannequin around, smiling as she takes in the pristine fabric cover and smoothness of the texture. “What a find!”, she giggles to herself, a bargain price for something that was so clearly a well taken care of antique. The sewing kit that came as part of it had many pictures inside of the previous family for generations, one clearly dated 1816. She loved discovering about the history of the family and their travels.
She finishes decorating for the night and gently covers the mannequin carefully arranging the fabric so it doesn’t snag on the frame. Looking around one last time she nods in silent approval and the room’s decor and relaxing feel, eagerly anticipating tomorrow when she can start to work in her new room. She admires the frames she found that perfectly showcased the vintage photographs. The display set playing off the sewing machine corner well, already she feels inspired. She turns to leave then looks back to the photographs, this time her eyes focus with curiosity, something she did not notice before. The photos taken years apart, curiously share the same date, facial features, one would laugh to say they almost look like the same woman. She shakes her head and chuckles at her sudden nerves, “what utter nonsense” she mumbles to herself. Out of nowhere the lights that worked so perfectly before begin to flicker and the fabric draping the mannequin ever so slightly moves, like breath…she stops as if frozen watching in utter denial as the lights go out. She looks quickly towards the door then back at the mannequin. Her perfect crisp linen is now stained in blood, dark brown then getting a brighter crimson hue. Silence is what remains.
A smiling woman sets up her camera posing with the mannequin in her craft room. Her dark coffee hair up in a soft bun with gently curled tendrils framing her face. The camera flashes and she prints the picture, the soft smile yet very alive looking gleam in her eyes. She frames it in the same style of picture frame as the other vintage photographs. She lets out a soft chuckle as she takes in the view of her brand new room.
Inspired by dressmaker’s mannequin offered by [hate this] for this round of The Challenge
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ATHENS, Greece (JTA) — The picture of Golden Dawn leaders being led away in shackles by masked policemen last September was supposed to be a defining image: Greek authorities cracking down on the country’s neo-Nazi party as a harbinger of its demise.
Instead, soon there will be a new iconic image: three members of the party taking their seats in the European Parliament.
Golden Dawn — supposedly persecuted, prosecuted and in tatters – made substantial gains over the weekend in European elections, capturing 9.4 percent of the popular vote to emerge as the third-largest political party in Greece. Leaders of the party, which won 7 percent of the vote in the 2012 national elections, hailed the weekend vote as a clear triumph.
“We are the third political power in Greece,” jailed Golden Dawn leader Nikolaos Michaloliakos wrote in a message to his followers. “We are the upcoming Greece.”
For Golden Dawn’s opponents, including the small Jewish community in Greece, the election was deeply frustrating, signaling the apparent failure of Prime Minister Antonis Samaras’ strategy for dealing with ultranationalist party.
“It is a vote that makes us very uncomfortable,” said David Saltiel, the president of the Jewish community in Thessaloniki, the second-largest city in Greece. “I think the Greek government needs to find ways to explain to the voters that the Golden Dawn is a Nazi party of killers.”
For the embattled Greek government, already struggling to pull the country out of a massive economic crisis amid a harsh austerity regime imposed by Europe, the vote is another blow. Samaras’ center-right New Democracy party, fearful of alienating the right wing of the party, until now has balked at outlawing Golden Dawn or bringing a tough anti-racism bill to parliament.
Instead, the government went after Golden Dawn in the courts, arresting most of its lawmakers. Six were jailed and stripped of their political immunity and state funding.
Samaras had been forced to act following widespread outrage and protests in Greece in the wake of the Sept. 18 killing of anti-fascist rapper Killah P by a suspected Golden Dawn member. Party members also have been accused of being behind dozens of violent attacks on immigrants in Greece.
Prosecutors have said the party, with its Nazi swastika-like flag and Holocaust-denying leadership, has a structured organization that operates along military lines and is inspired by the ideals of National Socialism.
Some of the leaders since have been released on bail while others await their trials. No dates have been set; Greece’s legal system often operates extremely slow.
Much of the government’s credibility with the public evaporated in April when a top aide to Samaras was forced to resign following the release of a video that appeared to show him telling Golden Dawn lawmakers that the government was only pressuring the courts to jail party members in order to stem the loss of New Democracy votes.
Golden Dawn spokesman Ilias Kasidiaris released the video during a parliamentary debate on lifting his immunity.
The elections for European Parliament, the EU’s legislative branch, also have undermined the Greek government’s central tenet — that exposing Golden Dawn members for what they are would drain them of support.
This was clearly a fallacy, said Victor Eliezer, the secretary general of the Central Board of Jewish Communities in Greece.
“Now no one can say that they did not know, no one can say that it was a vote of protest,” he said. “This time, to my sorrow, the votes for Golden Dawn are clearly ideological; they are votes for a neo-Nazi party.”
For Greek Jews, the question remains of what can be done?
Some, like Saltiel, believe that only by tackling the underlying problems that affect Greece can they truly deal with Golden Dawn. A recent survey by the Anti-Defamation League showed that Greece has Europe’s highest rate of anti-Semitic viewpoints, with 69 percent of Greeks espousing anti-Semitic views. That’s nearly twice the rate as the next highest country, France, where the rate was 37 percent.
“Golden Dawn is a symptom of the sickness,” Saltiel said.
Some of Golden Dawn’s support comes from the role it has played in filling a vacuum created by the economic crisis.
While the government has slashed salaries and pensions, and unemployment soared to nearly 30 percent, Golden Dawn has stepped up by distributing food, medicine and other supplies to ethnic Greeks and providing security patrols in predominantly immigrant neighborhoods. Some of the patrols have resulted in violence against immigrants. Greece has seen a huge influx of immigrants in recent years who have used the country as a gateway to the rest of Europe.
“I think the government has to work to see the real problems of the people and see why people are voting for this extremist Nazi party,” Saltiel said.
Greek authorities have not said what their next steps will be, except for a brief statement from government spokesman Simos Kedikoglou reiterating that the government needs to do a better job explaining the dangers of Golden Dawn.
Others say it’s time that neo-Nazi extremism is addressed on a wider level. They point not just to the far-right surge in the European Parliament elections but to an uptick in extremist violence across Europe – including Saturday’s attack at the Brussels Jewish museum that left four dead.
“European leaders must address this problem urgently and come up with a strategy to fight extremism,” said Ronald Lauder, president of the World Jewish Congress.
Lauder said he wants European leaders to find a “credible plan” to combat the problem.
“The future of European Jewry is at stake if these forces are not reined in,” he said.
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What is a Mission Statement?
A mission statement is a brief description of why a company or nonprofit organization exists. In one to three sentences, it explains what the company does, who it serves, and what differentiates it from competitors. It’s used to provide focus, direction, and inspiration to employees while it tells customers or clients what to expect from the business.
A mission statement is often part of a business plan.
Mission Statement Examples
The best mission statements are clear, concise, and memorable. Here are a few examples:
- TED: Spread ideas.
- Google: Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful.
- Walmart: We save people money so they can live better.
How to Write a Mission Statement
Well-crafted mission statements:
- Identify the organization’s target market, audience, or customers.
- Say what makes the business unique or provides its competitive advantage.
- Are realistic and reasonable rather than grandiose or lofty.
- Are relevant, specific, and believable.
- Inspire employees.
- Are short and to the point. One study of 50 nonprofit mission statements found average length to be 15 words.
While a mission statement shouldn’t be written in isolation by one person if the organization employs many people, it’s not a job for a committee, either. Leaders often ask a few employees to write one sentence that summarizes what the company does and stands for. They compare them, looking for similarities, differences, and surprises. They use that input to craft a statement that is honest and accurate rather than something the company aspires to achieve.
Testing the statement with employees before sharing it internally or externally helps generate useful feedback. Does it ring true? What would they change? Employees are the most important audience for the mission statement because they will need to “walk the talk,” so it needs to resonate with them.
How to Use the Mission Statement
How the statement is used depends on the size and nature of the business. Smaller businesses might post it where all employees can see it or include it on computer screensavers as a regular reminder. Some companies share it in marketing materials – on the website, in the company description in marketing literature, and in advertisements.
How it’s used, however, is less important than whether the statement is accurate and realistic, and whether employees and management use it to guide strategy and decisions.
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Caspian Seal Facts
- This beautiful small mammal, unique in a surprising way, most frequently goes by the informative common name of the Caspian Seal. Unlike many of its relatives, this intriguing creature does not, for the moment, at least, have another general name.
- Among scientific professionals, such as researchers, however, it’s typically referred to by its official name. Fortunately for the layperson, that’s an extremely simple term, as such things go. That’s because it holds the technical moniker of the Pusa caspica.
- The animal received that official name due to the work of the respected German naturalist, Johann Friedrich Gmelin. He recorded the first official recognition of the pinniped as a separate and distinct species. He further accomplished this in 1788.
- Regardless of the name one chooses to employ, though, it remains a remarkable work of Nature and evolution. Evidence also suggests an intriguing origin for the creature. It’s thought to be descended from ringed seals trapped in the region by melting ice sheets.
- Sadly, its population, already limited by the nature of its range, appears to be declining. The principal reason for this seems to be a virus spreading through its population. Due to these factors, the IUCN currently lists the mammal as Endangered on its Red List.
- The amazing animal also faces other threats, as well. These include intentional human activities, such as hunting. Commercial ice-breaking routes also disturb important areas of their range. It’s additionally endangered by climate change, as most species.
Caspian Seal Physical Description
The amazing Caspian Seal quickly draws the attention of those fortunate enough to encounter it. It does so, however, for reasons other than sheer physical size. That’s because this particular seal, despite its other fascinating attributes, ranks as one of the smallest seals.
Like many of its kind, and indeed most species, it displays a moderate degree of the physiological characteristic of sexual dimorphism. In its case, though, this trait manifests itself in terms of pure physical size. Otherwise, the two genders appear virtually identical.
Overall, males of the distinctive pinniped tend to develop as slightly larger and bulkier in physique. Mature males average around 190 lb (86 kg) in weight. Although exceptional individuals do occur, of course, even they rarely exceed this amount by any great percentage.
In general, physicall mature specimens attain a body length of 50 – 51 in (126 – 129 cm). The genders also display different growth patterns. Females begin life somewhat smaller than males, but reach full growth more quickly. Males take 30 – 40 years, females just 10.
The tantalizing Caspian Seal also displays a visually appealing color pattern. This primarily consists of a background of gray. That, however, varies from light to dark, between individuals. The stomach also tends to display a very light gray, almost off-white, coloring.
Individuals of both genders also distinguish themselves from related creatures in another way. This species possesses comparatively short flippers. The front flippers typically develop moderate-sized claws. Shorter, narrower one’s however, usually manifest on the rear flippers.
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Order: Carnivora
- Family: Phocidae
- Genus: Pusa
- Species: P. caspica
Caspian Seal Distribution, Habitat, and Ecology
The beautiful Caspian Seal evolved as native to a region of the world already well known for its abundance of natural wonders. Unfortunately for it, though, it developed in a highly restricted portion of this region. This area lies between the continents of Europe and Asia.
That particular area, however, holds an interesting distinction. The very name of the animal further provides a clear indication of that precise zone of habitation. That’s because the impressive mammal lives exclusively in and around the waters of the Caspian Sea.
Although its overall range is limited, it typically makes the most of what it has available. That’s due to the fact that individuals and groupings alike appear in many different parts of the region. These inhabit the shoreline, rocky islands, and floating blocks of ice equally.
It does tend to remain in shallower regions, though. Most specimens rarely dive to depths greater than 160 ft (50 m). Occasionally, however, scattered individuals go much deeper. The greatest depth of dive ever recorded for this specific species reached 540 ft (165 m).
Much like its relatives, the Caspian Seal feeds as a carnivore. In its case, this consists primarily of various locally available varieties of fish. During certain periods of the year, though, many individuals also consume moderate quantities of differing small crustaceans.
Throughout most of the year, this wonder of Nature lives a mainly solitary life. The exception occurs during mating season, of course. Following an 11-month gestation period, the female generally gives birth to a single pup. A typical lifespan also equals 50 years.
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Harper Lee, author of To Kill A Mockingbird, has died at age 89.
Lee was born in Monroeville, Alabama on April 28th, 1926, and published her famed novel in 1960 after spending several years in New York, basing a number of characters in the book on friends (including Truman Capote) and family from her hometown. To Kill A Mockingbird has since become widely regarded as a classic work of American literature, due in part to its bracing look at racial injustice in the Deep South during the Great Depression. Atticus Finch, the father figure and attorney whose stalwart defense of a black man wrongly accused of murder earned him accolades for being one of the best fictional characters in literature, was based on Lee's own father, Amasa Coleman Lee.
For decades, To Kill A Mockingbird was Lee's only published work. But last year, Harper Collins published Go Set a Watchman, a novel that was apparently the initial story Lee submitted to her editor back in the 1950s before it was shaped into Mockingbird. Watchman was criticized for its depiction of an older Atticus Finch, who NYTimes reviewer Michiko Kakutani called "a racist who once attended a Klan meeting, who says things like 'The Negroes down here are still in their childhood as a people.' Or asks his daughter: 'Do you want Negroes by the carload in our schools and churches and theaters? Do you want them in our world?'”
Lee suffered a stroke in 2007 and had been living in an assisted living facility for the last few years. The state of Alabama briefly conducted an investigation into whether or not Lee had been mentally sound when she agreed to publish Watchman. Officials found no wrongdoing.
A stage production of To Kill A Mockingbird is expected to debut on Broadway next year, with a script written by Aaron Sorkin.
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Also, if you have a long-haired or light-colored cat, you might be averse to feeding wet cat food because it can get on her whiskers and nose. Obese cats are three times more likely to be presented to veterinarians for non-allergic skin conditions, probably because the cats cannot reach all parts of their bodies to groom themselves properly. The role of water in disease management. Poland – Polska. However, even this does not appear to achieve levels associated with harm in experimental studies. He is certified in medical acupuncture for veterinarians. Home cooked treats like fresh meat or fish should be thoroughly cooked, with no salt added and all the skin and bones removed. Unfortunately, the unhealthy eating habits of many Americans often extend to their pets as well. Even though thin cats can end up with hepatic lipidosis, overweight cats are much more prone to experiencing this disease. The Health of Your Cat Matters If your cat suffers from a health problem such as diabetes, you may need to feed him based on whenever he is administered insulin, depending on the type. Fat cells produce a substance that makes the other cells in the body resistant to insulin.
Ultimately, unless influenced by a medical condition, deciding whether to give your cat wet or dry cat food is completely up to you and your cat of course! Some owners serve a mixture of dry and wet foods – some cats prefer wet food in the morning and to have dry food left out during the day to graze on. Try your cat with both to see which they prefer. See the full range here. If your cat has special nutritional needs, or you are concerned about their diet, make an appointment to chat this over with your vet. This means taking it out of the fridge an hour or so before feeding. Wet food goes stale quickly so avoid leaving it out. Dry food, on the other hand, can be left out during the day without spoiling. Store it in a clean, dry environment, ideally in an airtight container or a resealable box, to keep it tasty and maintain its aromas. Every cat is different.
Confirm to diet how cat much food dry what shall stop
Putting a little thought into what you feed your cat s can pay big dividends over their lifetime and very possibly help them avoid serious, painful, and costly illnesses. Read about 5 of the worst toxic food offenders that can kill your cat – and how much it takes to hurt them. The debate about the effect of dietary carbohydrates on cats has raged for decades. Web Site. Cats do not need, or benefit from, any dry food in their diet. A diet of canned food will keep a proper amount of water flowing through the urinary tract system and help maintain its health. Of course, in order to be on board with the preventative nutrition argument, a person has to understand the following facts.
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New partnerships inked with mainland institutions
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A strategic partnership to enhance collaborative marine studies between City University of Hong Kong (CityU) and Xiamen University has been signed.
The agreement partners up CityU’s State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution and Xiamen University’s State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science. It was one of 60 items signed at a trade and cultural promotion event hosted by a 500-strong Fujian delegation on 29 March. The event was called the Presentation on Fujian-Hong Kong Cooperation and Development.
The agreement was signed by Professor Way Kuo, CityU President, and Professor Zhu Chongshi, President of Xiamen University, in the presence of Ms Sun Chunlan, Secretary of the CPC Fujian Provincial Committee and Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Fujian Provincial People's Congress. Ms Sun led the Fujian delegation.
The strategic partnership will create synergy between the two laboratories and their physical and human resources. While CityU has attained advanced international status in marine pollution research, Xiamen University is a leader in marine environmental science and ecology systems.
The two laboratories will also undertake joint research projects on quantitative monitoring of emerging chemical pollutants in the marine environment, developing medaka fish into a typical marine organism for addressing ecotoxicological and marine pollution issues, on-site monitoring of metals and trace-level organic compounds in China’s coastline seas using artificial mussels and SPMD technology, and developing critical technology for environmental and eco-rehabilitation.
Professor Kuo said he hoped researchers from CityU and Xiamen University will contribute significantly to marine environmental protection and sustainable economic development as both fields are vital to the future of the planet.
Representatives of the Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology visited CityU’s State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution on 29 March. The Xiamen University delegation came on 30 March.
The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, established in 2009, works in collaboration with the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Baptist University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
CityU also agreed to set up the Joint Research Centre of Sustainable Development for Agriculture in Urban Areas with the Institute of Urban Environment at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Rapid urbanisation on the mainland has raised concerns on food safety, giving rise to the urgent need to ensure that the production of quality, high-value agricultural products is safe and clean, precious water and soil resources in suburban areas are protected, and regulations on the use of arable land in urban areas are amended.
The agreement was signed by Professor Paul Lam Kwan-sing, Vice-President (Student Affairs) of CityU and the Director of the State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, and Professor Zhu Yongguan, Director General of the Institute of Urban Environment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on 30 March.
The two parties will undertake key research projects such as evaluating the geochemical characteristics of urban agricultural land, developing technologies for the promotion of sustainable agricultural development, developing land conservation and eco-rehabilitation technologies, and researching public awareness and government policy planning.
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The move to a public cloud for most businesses can result in a rather long transitional period. Fortunately, the first Technical Preview of Microsoft Azure Stack has been announced, to help enterprises with business concerns regarding on-premise and public cloud mixtures.
The Technical Preview of Microsoft Azure Stack is the company’s middle-man solution for a more business oriented hybrid cloud strategy. The Azure Stack is intended to help companies distribute Azure services utilizing their data centers and equipment.
Companies looking to try out the technical preview can look forward to a standardized architecture that includes a unified application model, common DevOps tools and the same portal already being used. Microsoft plans to release a series of Technical Previews that will gradually “add services and content as OS images and Azure Resource Manager templates to help customers start taking advantage of Azure Stack.”
On top of the new technical preview release, Microsoft is also seeing early adoption from open source partners taking advantage of hundreds of Azure applications and components from its GitHub repository that the company will eventually make available to Azure Stack. Of the partners taking advantage, Canonical is one who is also contributing validated Ubuntu Linux images that interface open source applications with Microsoft’s Azure Stack environments.
With that being said, details on the first technical preview involve a release this Friday, January 29, 2016, an eventual webcast hosted by CTO of Microsoft Azure and author Mark Russinovich and partner Jeffery Snover, Microsoft’s chief architect for enterprise cloud on February 3, 2016.
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On Tuesday, Joe Biden, the United States President, visited Portsmouth Harbor in New Hampshire to highlight how the 2021 infrastructure bill can improve shipping and help resolve the supply chain disasters of America that became the reason for inflation at a forty-year high. Biden used his strip to say that the U.S. is healthier than ever as it emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic and a short but severe economic collapse.
He also said it is an essential message as voting suggests several voters are doubtful about the future and his economic leadership as high inflation overwhelmed the job gains during his administration. In addition, the destination of President Biden was the only deep-water harbor in the state, making it a severe way station for home heating oil, rock gypsum, and fiberoptic cables for producing drywall.
Biden visited Portsmouth Harbor in New Hampshire to focus on how the 2021 infrastructure bill can improve shipping and help resolve the United States supply chain catastrophes that contributed to inflation at a forty-year high. Under the $1T infrastructure bill, $17B is reserved. pic.twitter.com/WVU46aFkO2
— Live News Now (@LiveNewsNow6) April 20, 2022
This year Democratic Senator Maggi Hassan faces New Hampshire voters as she seeks another term. Under the $1 trillion infrastructure bill, $1.7 million will be reserved to dredge the shipping channel and basin of the harbor. In addition, the United States Army Corps of Engineers previously consumed $18.2 million to make it easier for larger ships to access the port. It is a project intended to cut delays that fuel higher prices for consumers.
Infrastructure Package to Overcome Havoc on International Supply Chains
In general, the infrastructure package includes $17 billion to upgrade port facilities at a time when the Coronavirus outbreak caused chaos in global supply chains. Biden reeled off the other investments regarding infrastructure from the law, including projects to control climate change, the replacement of lead water pipes, projects for repairing roads and bridges, and the buildout of a countrywide broadband internet network.
The president’s speech also touched on inflation coming out of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s aggression on Ukraine, the Coronavirus pandemic, prescription drug prices, taxes, and dropping the budget deficit. That was the second Biden’s trip to New Hampshire as president. Additionally, the state was his first stop after the president signed the infrastructure bill in November.
Biden frequently focused on these types of initiatives as his more striving plan to boost social services, climate change initiatives, and education remains delayed. Later this year, with the midterm elections approaching, the president is eager to convince his voters that one of his government’s top accomplishments is making absolute progress after many years of unfulfilled pledges from former Republican President Donald Trump, who never signed any agreement on infrastructure spending.
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High School Students:
Medical Careers Program (MCP)
Medical Careers Program (MCP):
Program Director: Dolores Caffey-Fleming, MPH, MS
Program Description: MCP is a careers program at King Drew Medical Magnet High School (KDMMHS) that provides students the opportunity to gain experienced-based learning in hospital, clinics, research laboratories, and university facilities. At the CDU facility, students gain hands-on research experience by working alongside nationally and internationally known CDU Faculty. Students are exposed to careers in health care and given opportunities to explore the science and health care fields. This exposure motivates students to pursue higher education and eventually pursue careers in medicine and science.
Students are assigned to a CDU faculty mentor who will support guided research. Students will participate in various seminars and workshops including a Research Fundamentals workshop.
- Eligibility: 11th grade students enrolled at King Drew Medical Magnet High School.
- Program Duration: Year round
- Key Outcomes: Students will develop an abstract and poster and present their research findings at the High School Student Research Symposium in May.
- Application Process: ONLY applicable to KDMMHS students.
Application deadline is TBD.
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by Mitch Kokai
Senior Political Analyst, John Locke Foundation
It took almost a month longer than expected, but Democrat Roy Cooper has been confirmed as North Carolina’s new governor. Rick Henderson recounts the electoral questions that delayed that outcome, and he looks ahead to Cooper’s relationship with a Republican-dominated General Assembly during the next edition of Carolina Journal Radio.
Becki Gray analyzes the impact of a court order that will compel state lawmakers to redraw legislative districts again in 2017. Steve Bailey of the Pew Charitable Trusts explains how North Carolina could benefit from clear rules dictating when money can be added to and subtracted from its savings reserve account.
Georgetown University professor Jason Brennan explains the benefits of relying on free markets for more aspects of our lives. Plus you’ll learn why the head of the N.C. Administrative Office of the Courts supports criminal regulation reform.
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GRAMAT is a long case precision pendulum clock in the tradition of the time.keepers which were installed in the observatories and provided the standard time.
The long and very thin centre second is driven by either:
- a gravity escapement
- or the new patented escapement
- A frictionless magnetic gear moves the hour hand.
- Four months power reserve with 2,8 kg tungsten-weight.
The exceptional long power reserve is the result of the wheel with 400 teeth, the build-in epicyclic gear in its hub and the double pulleys.
- The skeleton design allows the best view in the movement and its function.
- Temperature compensated pendulum
- Its Invar-rod swings on knife edges over a stiff column.
- The air-tight case and the patented regulation of the density of the air.
- All wheels are beared in miniature ball races, the smallest with ceramic balls.
- Diamond coated pinions ensure lowest friction so that lubrification is superfluous.
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Why do we worship unmarried Radha and Krishna like Sita-Rama?
A Girl devotee (Name hidden) asked like this:
“Prabhu ji. I hae a doubt. Radha ji and Krishna ji are not married couples. but we worship them like sita – rama. I am confused. Please explain why.”
Let us see in three types of eplanations:
Srila Prabhupada is very careful that we understand the relationship between Radha and Krishna very carefully;
It’s not like some mundane love affair between a young boy and young girl. There are several ways to look at it, but first we must understand this point.
(Can we approach Radharani as mother as we approach Krishna in many relations? READ HERE!)
Srila Prabhupada points out in one lecture:
“. . .the love between Radha and Krishna is called parakiya. They’re not married as husband and wife. Radharani appears to be the wife of someone else, but She and Krishna were friends from childhood. Radharani could never forget Krishna. She used to come to Krishna and stand before Him. And He was playing. They were Kisora-Kisori – boy and girl – but without inebriety.
“Here, the boy and girls mix, and there are so many abominable, distressful things, which increase their material bondage. But between Radha and Krishna the friendship between boy and girl is there without inebriety.
Krishna had so many gopis (cowherd maidens) as His girlfriends, but there were no contraceptive pills. (laughter) That is the beauty. Here, the so-called love is lust. And there (in the spiritual world), that (lust) is the highest. Here, the same thing has become its perverted reflection. Just like in a reflection of a original tree on the water, the topmost part appears to be the lowest.
(Is it true that Radharani is Krishna’s maternal aunt? READ HERE!)
“Similarly, in the spiritual world, the highest, topmost level of love is parakiya. Parakiya means love – not by marriage, but by friendship. There, it is pure. There’s no inebriety. “Perverted” means the topmost thing has become the lowest. Here (in the material world), parakiya, loving another’s wife or husband, is most abominable; it is adultery.”
There’s another story:
When Krishna was a small child, Radharani was asked to accompany Him home. In Their childhood forms, Radha and Krishna were walking together in Bandiravan.
They stopped to rest under a banyan tree, and, by Their mystic potency, They manifested youthful forms. Lord Brahma was asked to be the priest for the wedding and guests arrived.
Lord Brahma performed the marriage ceremony, with all the demigods in attendance. During the wedding ceremony, Radharani’s sari was tied to Krishna’s dhoti, as is the custom in Vedic weddings.
(Worship of Radha Krishna or other forms of Krishna – How to select? READ HERE!)
When the ceremony was over and the guests had left, They assumed their childhood forms again. Radha gave Krishna to Mother Yasoda and then walked home.
In this way it is accepted that Radha and Krishna are actually married. However, in order to make their pastimes more relishable, Radha is “so-called” married to Abhimanyu. The intrigue of Them (Radha and Krishna) meeting in secret and planning and plotting against Jatila and Kutila always makes Their pastimes more relishable.
On still another level; Krishna is actually the only male (purusha – “enjoyer”), and everyone else is prakriti or female. So, Krishna is actually everyone’s pati (“husband”), but especially He is every woman’s husband.
In fact, anyone who’s married to anyone except Krishna is committing adultery!
Hope you are now clear about why we worship unmarried Radha and Krishna like Sita-Rama.
(FIRST MEETING OF KRISHNA AND RADHARANI – A BLISSFUL LILA! READ HERE!)
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We arrived on Saturday night with approximately an hour to spare before sunset, so we immediately took to the trails. We hiked the North Plat Loop Trail to Fire Tower Trail to stay close to the campground.
It was an easy hike with some beautiful views. Because the trails hugs so closely to the campground, it is a good hike to do if you do not have much time or have little ones that may need to abandon the hike before completion.
On the return, we passed by the Monte Sano Railroad landmark. From 1888 to 1896 a railway ran from the Huntsville Depot to the Sante Mano Hotel to bring patrons the eight miles to the "Mountain of Health". Prior to the building of the railway, you would have to travel four hours by horse and carriage up the mountain. This would be a very difficult journey for a person suffering from Yellow Fever, Cholera, or Diptheria wanting to travel to the Monte Sano Hotel to seek wellness. So in the summer of 1888, 500 workers were paid $1 per day for 12 hours of work to build the railway. In just three months the railway was completed and patrons could ride the Steam Locomotive for just 25 cents each way. Instead of four hours, the trip took only 20 minutes. However, shortly after completion an accident frightened potential travelers and the Railway went bankrupt in 1896.
The Monte Sano State Park is home to the Von Braun Astronomical Society Planetarium. A fun little trail showing the relative distance of the planets leads down to the planetarium.
Every Saturday evening at 7:30pm the VBAS puts on a program that is open to the public. The cost when we attended was $5 for adults and $3 for students (children under 6 were free). The program we attended was on the life of Astronomer William Hershel, his discovery of Uranus, and the telescopes he made. The program ended with a show of common constellations in the night sky, and on a clear night would have been followed by outdoor viewings through the telescopes. Our 8 year old daughter was glued to the entire presentation and has not stopped talking about it. Or younger children hung in there for a while, but fell asleep. I would still highly recommend attending if you have the opportunity.
We arose early the next morning to get in some hiking before checkout (which is 11am for the campground). Stone Cuts was rated as a difficult trail with bouldering required, but it came highly recommended so we decided to give it a try. To access, we hiked down Sinks Trail and then connected to Stone Cuts Trail. Be sure to bring a trail map with you because there are a few short connections you need to make on other trails and it is easy to get confused. The trails were well maintained and blazed. Although there is quite a bit of elevation change on the hike (which was approximately a 3 mile loop from our campsite), our 4, 5, 7, and 8 year old all managed the hike just fine. Our 2 year old needed just a little bit of help on the returning hike up the mountain, and of course I carried our 4 month old the entire way. The trails are multipurpose and there were a few mountain bikers on the trails, but all riders were very courteous.
Our kids thought Stone Cuts was "the coolest thing ever". Our daughter said she felt like she was on Johnathan Park, a creation adventure audio drama we love to listen to. We almost took the bypass because the "bouldering / mountain climbing" label made me question if we could manage it with all the kids, but we decided we could always turn back if we needed to and to give it a try. I'm so glad we did! No mountain climbing is required, although if you are skilled in that area and would like to explore more it could add some adventure. Our kids hiked the trail like champions.
We were slightly past peak fall foliage, but there was still a lot of color. Monte Sano is definitely a park worth visiting in autumn.
Saturday evening we had accidentally stumbled upon a Bamboo forest while returning to our campsite, which upon further exploration Sunday morning we discovered that there is an entire Japanese Tea Garden in the State Park. Robert Black designed the gardens in the late 1980s when he closed a garden center in Huntsville. The gardens were recently restored and provide a unique cultural experience. It would make a great field trip to go along with our study of Japan for World Heritage.
Before leaving we had to check out the playgrounds! The play structures we found in the campground were very old and dilapidated - great for imaginary play but not so much for use as a playground. However, by the entrance to the State Park there is a very large playground complete with swings, slides, monkey bars, see saws, and pretty much everything a child hopes for in a playground. There are also several large fields and pavilions.
Monte Sano State Park is a fabulous park that we would love to visit again.
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Tithing is the practice of taking 1/10 (a tithe) of the produce of an activity and setting it aside for charity.
The idea of “This Blog Tithes for the Hungry” is to pledge 1/10 of the income of a website / BLOG / endeavor to the charity of your choice that is involved in the fight against hunger. It is something that I would like to get started, and to spread. Can you help?
Which or what charities qualify?
Any charity that is involved in helping feed the hungry. The money given must end up going to help feed the hungry.
How can I select a Charity?
Caddyinfo.com supports the North Texas Food Bank http://ntfb.org/
You can pick a local Food Bank, or other organization or cause that is involved in helping feed the hungry.
How is 1/10 measured?
The measure is 1/10 of the income produced by the website. In other words, 1/10 of the net income after expenses.
How is the Tithing checked?
The program is voluntary and self-moderating. Let your conscience be your guide.
Isn’t this a religious thing?
This is a thing to help those who don’t have enough to eat. If helping the poor or hungry is a religious thing to you then yes this is a religious thing. If it is not a religious thing to you, but just something you want to do, then that is okay too.
Can I still claim “This Blog Tithes for the Hungry” if I don’t have any income from my BLOG?
That’s a personal choice. I would decide based on whether your efforts resulted in helping feed the hungry. For example if your BLOG has NO income but you choose to contribute monthly to help feed the hungry out of some other source of funding, or by volunteering time or effort to help feed the hungry then you are doing it right.
Why would I want my BLOG to join?
- To Help feed the Hungry
- To Encourage your Readers to Help and Give to Charities
- To communicate publically that a portion of the proceeds of the website go to Charity
Is there a Cool Logo?
In work. My thinking is to have a 125×125 graphic patch that is easy to display, perhaps in a widget that contains the guidelines etc. Volunteers needed here with suggestions & ideas.
Button 3 suggested & created by Sweetie of ShesSoThere.com (Thanks!)
How do I get started with “This BLOG Tithes for the Hungry”?
Think about it. BLOG about it. Suggest improvements. When you are ready, pledge to give 1/10 of your web income to help feed the hungry. Then put up a cool logo that says that you did it. Let the charity of your choice know that you are onboard so they can celebrate as well.
Hey, This is Cool but what if…
This is very much a work in progress / idea in progress. If you have helpful suggestions or want to help move this idea along please comment / replay / let me know. I am much more analytical than social, so help is appreciated.
License details for re-use of this blog entry:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License
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Vivian She/Fox Chapel/Gr4/2019 Jan
My Competition Experience
I have learned and experienced many things during this competition. I took only the reading part, and here is how it went, what I learned, and how the results turned out.
I found out only three days prior to the contest that I needed to read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer before I took the test. I hurriedly read it, reading whenever I had the time. I squeezed in time to read the book before dinner, after dinner, in between extra-curricular activities, and I even read some on the car trip to the contest! I managed to finish the 180+ pages (mostly) before the contest.
During the contest itself, I was nervous, but I did not let my nerves get the best of me. I tried my best during the test and used what I knew to help me answer the questions. When I was writing my essay during the test, I summed up everything that I could use for the question and put it into writing. I also made sure that I included enough details and everything was neat and organized. Finally, I proofread everything for spelling, grammar, and punctuation. After I finished my essay and double-checked my answers, I turned everything in.
Using this “test strategy”, I got first place for 4th grade. I didn’t expect it, but I used my “strategy” and I achieved my goal!
Next time, I will make sure that I am clear with the directions and that I am fully prepared before coming to the exam. Now I am encouraged to take the math test too!
That is what I experienced during the competition and what I have learned from it.
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As Hurricane Florence tracks to strike, emergency crews heed the call to help
With the anticipated landfall of mammoth Hurricane Florence along the Carolina coasts, multiple emergency rescue teams across the south are heading east to help.
Florence — rated as a Category 4 storm with sustained winds of 130 mph as of Wednesday morning — is expected to make landfall in North or South Carolina on Friday, and more than a million people have been ordered to evacuate coastal areas.
HURRICANE FLORENCE: Tracking the storm's path
HURRICANE TRACKER: Multiple storms roar in Atlantic
The storm, as of 8 a.m. ET, was located about 530 miles southeast of Cape Fear, moving west-northwest at 17 mph.
Tennessee has deployed multiple teams to support emergency officials, according to the Tennessee Emergency Management Agency (TEMA), which is coordinating the state's hurricane deployments through the Emergency Management Assistance Compact with organizational support from the Tennessee Association of Fire Chiefs' Mutual Aid System and the Tennessee Department of Health.
”Tennesseans have a volunteer spirit to step up and help our neighboring states in times of need and I thank the men and women from these various teams who will be on the ground in the Carolinas when the storm hits to immediately provide needed services and relief,” Gov. Bill Haslam said. “I also commend TEMA for coordinating the resources while monitoring Hurricane Florence’s possible impact to Tennessee.”
Tennessee’s swift-water rescue team has a total of 103 members, coming from each region of the state.
Hurricane Florence relief efforts: Who's going from Tennessee
- Cheatham County Emergency Medical Services
- City of Atoka Fire
- City of Brentwood Fire
- City of Franklin Fire
- City of Franklin Police
- City of Gatlinburg Fire
- City of Germantown Fire
- City of Hendersonville Fire
- City of Knoxville Fire
- City of Lebanon Fire
- City of Millington
- City of Murfreesboro Fire & Rescue
- City of Pigeon Forge Fire
- City of Sevierville Fire
- Metro Nashville Fire
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Tracking the path of Hurricane Florence
Here is the latest model of Hurricane Florence's path to the east coast.
Reach Natalie Neysa Alund at firstname.lastname@example.org and follow her on Twitter @nataliealund.
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Preserving and up keeping of systems and equipment supplying electricity to residential, commercial and industrial building is called electrical maintenance.
It can be employed by the owner of the building or establishment or by hiring a contractor to do the job. However, the maintenance job is done on a specific schedule depending on the complexity of the system or as the need arises.
The scope of the electrical maintenance job covers surge protectors and power outlets, lighting systems and generators.
Likewise, to ensure the internal stability and structural integrity of the supply sources, it is necessary to perform the maintenance. In the same manner, it is also important to make a maintenance plan to determine if there is a necessity to replace electrical outlets and fixtures.
Included in the scope of electrical maintenance is the so-called preventive maintenance such as checking the equipment and other large systems performed by professional electrician.
The main goal of doing periodic assessment is to fix small problems the soonest possible time before it turns out into big issues. Hospitals, factories and plants usually perform electrical maintenance regularly to ensure smooth operation of the system.
In addition, maintaining the electrical system is significant especially on switches, electrical generators and circuit breakers to ensure that the wirings and connections are intact. Keeping the electrical system in good running condition ensures consistent flow of ventilation, air conditioning and heating systems. Likewise, proper maintenance also ensures uninterrupted and steady flow of electricity in any establishments and buildings.
However, this is not an easy task and it requires a licensed professional to do the job such as maintenance electricians.
Before carrying out the job, the maintenance electrician will inspect all the areas. That is why they need to have the building specifications, equipment and wiring diagrams as well as blueprints that serve as guides for the inspection.
Implementing the maintenance operations the maintenance electrician uses different tools that include pliers, hand drills, screwdrivers, wire cutters, conduit benders and knives.
While implementing the electrical maintenance procedure different equipment and methods are utilized to determine the problem. It is not only the power transformers that are analyzed but also the substation components as well as the site’s transformers.
In this sense, the maintenance electrician should be knowledgeable about system designs and switchgear so that he can easily understand the interrelation of electrical systems.
Anyone who wants to find a job as maintenance electrician should attend and complete degree program that teaches about installation, maintenance, operation and repairs of different electrical systems. Such program prepares the students in repairing and maintaining electrical and electronic equipment both in residential and commercial facilities.
Holding the license of maintenance electrician makes an individual proficient in carrying out the job. Likewise, obtaining the degree in electrical maintenance technology makes an individual capable to find other job such as electronic service technicians, field service technicians, electrical maintainers and electrical/electronic equipment installers.
Therefore, electrical maintenance is necessary not only to ensure the smooth flow of the electrical system but it also keep the facilities safe from possible electrical-related problems.
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LA ROTTA - THE WHEEL
The Wheel of Fortune was a very popular concept in the Middle Ages, for this reason we start this page with an image from a medieval Benedictine manuscript, the Carmina Burana. This manuscript dates to approximately 1200 and is conserved in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in München (Germany). In the front of the wheel we see Lady Fortune. She has turned her back to the wheel, so she is manipulating it blindly. We see a crowned person sitting on a trone at the top. He clearly is the ruling king and next to him is written "Regno" (I reign). But at any moment, when the wheel turns, he can be replaced. On the right side we see a person falling down and loosing his crown. He was the former king and next to him is written "regnavi" (I have reigned). On the left someone is going upwards, ready to replace the actual king. Next to him figures the inscription "regnabo" (I will reign). Finaly under the wheel a person laying down with the burden of the wheel upon him. He will never have the chance to rule and next to him is written "sum sine regno" (I'm without a Kingdom).
From the oldest handpainted Wheel of Fortune cards, only two cards survived, both of them created by Bonifacio Bembo for the milanese court, the first one commissionned by the duke Filippo Maria Visconti and the second one by his daughter Bianca Maria Visconti or her husband, the duke Francesco Sforza. :
The two cards are very similar. We remark that they are also almost the same with respect to the drawing in the Carmina Burana manuscript, even the same text (regno, regnavi, regnabo, sum sine regno) appears on the card at the right. The main differences are that Lady Fortune is blindfolded and that she has wings, indicating that she is not a real person, but that she is part of the population in Heaven. On both cards she is blindfolded and represented with her back to the wheel, she cannot see what she is doing, she is acting blindly. On the left side we see the Wheel of Fortune from the so called Brere Brambilla Visconti deck. The deck has been commissioned by the Duke Filippo Maria Visconti in the last years of his reign. Maybe the deck is unfinished, maybe the other trump cards burned with the Visconti castle in 1447. Only two Trump cards survived of this deck. The card at the right is from the Visconti Sforza deck, made in the early years of the reign of Duke Francesco Sforza. On both cards, the King on the top of the wheel and the ascending figure have donkey ears to indicate their stupidity to think that the power is reightfully theirs. The descending figure on the Visconti Sforza cards even gets a donkey tail. Except for the old man under the wheel, the figures on the wheel are depicted as children, emphasising the childishness of the struggle for power. Having the power is being at the right time at the right place, its all a question of luck and fate.
Let us now have a look at the oldest printed Wheel of Fortune cards, that have survived time on some rests and fragments of uncut sheets, to see how they present themselves.
From left to right we have the Wheel of Fortune cards as it appears on the Budapest sheets, the Rosenwald sheet, the Cary sheet and the sheet conserved in the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris. All sheets originate from Italy. The first three are dated around 1500, the last one dates probably a little bit later in the 16th Century. This last card is created in Bologna and is part of the oldest known (incomplete) Tarocchino deck. On the Wheel of Fortune from the Budapest sheets we see again the same inscriptions regne, regnavi, regnabo and sum sine regno. Lady Fortuna isn't present on any of the printed cards and some of the figures have been replaced by animals. Ignoring the details, the cards are using the same symbolism. It is clear that the oldest Tarot cards all use the same representation the Wheel of Fortune, so let us see how this symbol developped during the Centuries.
The concept of Lady Fortune as a goddess responsible for fortune, destiny and luck emerged for the first time during the Roman Civilisation. In the Greek civilisation there were many goddesses responsible for fortune, luck and destiny. There was the goddess Tyche who was the personification of chance and luck, Eutychia, the goddess of good fortune, Nemesis, the goddess who punished the people who had too much luck and the Moirea; Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos, the three goddesses of Fate. Although the Roman mythology also had three goddesses of destiny, the Percae, they were largely overshadowed in importance by Lady Fortuna who governed all the attributions of the different Greek gods cited above. The main attribute of Lady Fortune was the Cornucopia also called the Horn of plenty. Often she was veiled and blind and sometimes she was represented with a sphere that could roll in any direction, the precursor of the Wheel of Fortune.
The Wheel of Fortune as we know it today is attributed to the Roman philosopher Anicius Manlius Severinus Boëthius (better known as simply Boethius). A description of the Wheel of Fortune first appeared in his work called the Consolatio Philosophiae (the consolation of philosophy), a text he wrote in 524 in prison, when he was waiting for his execution. The text was very popular in the Middle Ages and copied many times. There are still some 400 Manuscripts of this text that survived time. So many depictions of the Wheels of Fortune exist, here below three random illustrations, such as they appeared in the Consolation of Philosophy. The three examples are from manuscripts created during the 15th Century, contemporary to the hand painted Trionfi cards.
We see that all these illustrations are based on exactly the same principles. The image of the Wheel of Fortune was very well accepted in the Middle Ages, and little variations exists. Except for the manuscripts, there are very few paintings known of the Wheel of Fortune. Surprisingly enough we find this Pagan symbol back in some Cathedrals. Here below three examples.
From left to right a mural painting of the 7th Century Cathedral of Rochester (England), a floor mosaic in the Cathedral (Duomo) of Siena originally created around 1372 (the actual mosaic replaced the original one and is made in 1864/1865 by Leopold Maccari) and a rose window of the Saint Vigilio Cathedral of Trento, a cathedral whose construction started in the 11th Century and achieved five centuries later. All representations respect the same pattern of the Wheel of Fortune with a king sitting on a throne on the top of the wheel, some people climbing up, others falling down and still others at the bottom, unable to improve their position on the Wheel.
Now we have seen that in the Middle Ages there was only one single representation of the Wheel of Fortune, let us have a look at the Tarot cards from the 17th Century and later.
The three first cards we show are all printed in Paris in the 17th Century. From left to right we have the anonymous Tarot de Paris, printed somewhere in the first half of the 18th Century. Next the Wheel of Fortune from the deck made by Jaques Vievil around 1650 and third the card from Jean Noblet, printed around 1657/1659. The Tarot of Paris gives a dynamic representation of the Wheel, where the figures are fighting for the place on top of the wheel. The Wheel cards of Vievil and Noblet are very similar, but the last one is mirrorred. The figure on the bottom of the wheel has disappeared. All three decks are conserved in the French National Library and all three illustrations are direct scans from the original cards. We remark how similar the three cards are, they use exactly the same colours. Also the pattern on the back of the cards is the same. I would not be surprised if all three decks have been printed on the same printing press.
Before returning to the Tarot de Marseille family of decks, let us first have a look at some Italian cards.
From left to right and from top to bottom we have the following decks: On the first line the Tarocco of Bologna, created by Francesco Berti, conserved in the Britisch Museum and dated to the second half of the 17th Century. Next an anonymous Tarocchino deck, conserved by the French National Library and dated to the first half of the 17th Century. Rightmost the Tarocchino deck created by Giuseppe Maria Mitelli around 1660/1668 for the wealthy Bentivoglio family. This particular deck is conserved in the French National Library. On the second line a Bolognese Minchiate deck, conserved in the British Museum and dated to the 18th Century. It is followed by a Fiorentine Minchiate deck, conserved in the British Museum and also dated to the 18th Century. The last deck is desiged in 1810 by Dellarocca and published by the Milanese card printing press Gumppenberg. This deck is also conserved in the British Museum.
The three cards on the top line are all from the 17th Century, so, except for the deck of Jean Noblet, older than any known Tarot de Marseille deck. Some scholars, like Stuart Kaplan, contest the dating of the Tarocchino deck in the middle, they judge this deck a century younger. However, this card is very similar (although mirrorred) to the card from the sheet conserved in the Ecole des Beaux Arts, dated to the 16th Century, so the dating of the French National Library to the early 17th Century might very well be correct. Note that the Tarocco di Bologna has French names, so it must have been inspired by a French deck. The cards of this deck are very similar the Tarot de Marseille decks. Even if there are no French decks surviving, it is extremely probable that many Tarot decks were published in France during the 17th Century, especially in and around the French town Lyon, the probable birthplace of the so called type I Tarot de Marseille decks.
Each of the representations of the wheel is typical for the specific style of cards it is representing. On the Tarocco di Bologna we see how the figure on the left is divided in two. We see only its head under the wheel, his tail (on the Tarot de Marseille decks this figure is an animal) became a flame. We will see this small head under the wheel on all later Tarocco di Bologna decks. On the Dellarocca deck the head disappeared, only the flame remained. On the Tarocchino deck the wheel is placed on the trunk of a tree. On the Mitelli deck all figures disappeared and a naked Lady Fortune is emptying a bag of money, very similar to the images of Lady Fortune with the horn of abundance. On the Minchate decks the wheel is floating in the air. On the Florentine Minchiate deck and on the Milanese Dellarocca deck we see how new printing techniques enable much more detailed illustrations on the cards.
Now let us go back to France and other neighbouring countries.
From left to right the 1713 type I Tarot de Marseille deck made by Jean Pierre Payen in Lyon, the 1784 Besançon type Tarot deck made by the Swiss cardmaker Bernard Schaer in Solothurn and a Belgium Tarot made by Jean Gisaine around 1760 in Bruxelles. The card of Jean Payen is similar to the card of Jean Noblet that we encountered earlier on this page. We also remark the resemblance between the Swiss Besançon style Tarot (that is from the same family as the type I Tarot of Marseille decks) and the Tarocco di Bologna with a mirrored base with respect to the Tarot de Marseille decks and very similar figures. The only difference between the Swiss Besançon card and the Tarocco di Bologna is that the figure on the left descending the wheel is not divided in two. The Belgium Tarot is completely mirrored with respect of the Tarot de Marseille. It is based on the Tarot of Vievil that we have seen above.
On the first glance it might not be seen but some of these cards illustrate very nicely how the image on a card could develop. Les us have a closer look at four of the cards above, the Tarot of Jean Payen, the Besançon Tarot, the Tarocco di Bologna and the Dellarocca deck to see an example of an image changing over time:
On the first card the descending figure is in the front. On the second card the base is mirrored and the figure moves to the background disappearing partially behind the axis of the wheel. On the third card the tail of the figure is transformed in a flame. From the figure remains only his hands and head below the wheel. On the last card finally the figure disappears completely and only the flame remains. Disturbing in this sequence is that the third card is probably the oldest. While the title of the Tarocco di Bologna cards is in French, this deck is most probably based on existing French decks, a hint that in France Tarot cards existed much earlier than the oldest surviving decks.
Later in time the Wheel of Fortune cards continue to illustrate a turning wheel. Sometimes the horn of plenty is added as a second symbol. Here below three cards from the 19th Century:
From left to right the early 19th Century Tarot of Lombardia, the Tarot of Oswald Wirth created in 1889 and the Vachetta Tarot dating from 1893. The Tarot of Oswald Wirth, that consisted only of the trump cards is the first in a long series of occult Tarot decks. We see the Egyptian symbology that was popular amongs the occult scene. Despite this, the Wheel of Fortune doesn't alter with respect to the Marseille Tarot. Both other cards also keep the medieval symbolism of the Wheel of Fortune, while adding the Horn of plenty.
Let us finish with some modern representations of the Wheel of Fortune card.
From left to right the RWS deck, the Wheel of Fortune from Aleister Crowley and the Druidcraft Tarot. The first two cards are from occult Tarot decks and we see the same Egyptian symbols as on the Tarot of Oswald Wirth. The third card is from a thematic Tarot deck. In all three decks the wheel stays the central element to symbolise luck, fate and chance.
From the images above it is clear that the main symbology of the Wheel of Fortune did not change. Fortune and destiny are beyond the control of human beings, we have to accept our fate. The concept of the wheel turning in a random direction, resulting one day in good luck but maybe the next date in misery, stayed the same since Boethius described it for the first time. The Wheel of Fortune in the Tarot is not necessarily a card announcing good luck, it rather is a card warning the reader to be carefull, good luck cannot be forced, it changes with the wind. And when the wind turns favorable in your direction, knows that one day your luck mightl fall down again.
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Neurotherapy & Brain Mapping
NON-INVASIVE BRAIN STIMULATION - NEUROMODULATION
Cranio-Electro Stimulation (CES) was developed in the Soviet Union in the late 1940s to help with sleep problems. Although electro-medicine has been in existence for well over a thousand years, developments in electronics and neuroscience research has seen this technology expand more rapidly, in recent years. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) using powerful, high voltage, electrical magnetics is increasingly used by psychiatrists. Moreover, research supporting the clinical effectiveness of weaker amplitude micro-currents – based, in part, on Arndt’s Law, which states that weak stimuli excite physiological activity, whereas medium-strength stimuli will encourage it and strong stimuli will suppress it – has cleared the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of insomnia, depressed mood, and anxiety. Treatment consists of applying a very weak pulsed (A.C.) or continuous (D.C.) electrical current (typically 0.5 mA – 2 mA) to the scalp region. One mA is 1/1000 of an amp - a very tiny number, felt as a mild to modest sensation.
CLINICAL RESEARCH FINDINGS
“Sham-controlled studies and meta-analyses show that CES is a safe and effective treatment of generalized anxiety. . . A review encompassing 34 sham-controlled trials conducted between 1963 and 1996 concluded that regular CES treatments resulted in short-term symptomatic relief of generalized anxiety symptoms mediated by direct effects on autonomic brain centers (DeFelice 1997). In a 10-week open trial of daily self-administered CES therapy in 182 individuals diagnosed with DSM-III anxiety disorders, 73% of patients reported significant reductions in anxiety that were maintained at 6-month follow-up.” – James Lake, M.D., 2018
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques are growing in popularity as they offer a safe, economical and increasingly accessible means of modulating neural activity. As of 2002, there have been approximately 200 clinical studies using CES, spanning 50 years and over 25 devices (Kirsch, 2002). Ray Smith (2006) completed an extensive analysis of the more credible studies of CES and cross-referenced them into effect-size, a unique type of statistical analysis, so they could be compared with other treatment modalities, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Studies of CES by 2005
Because of the direct neurotransmitter effects of CES and the scarcity of negative side effects, CES studies of over 1000 depressed patients, have shown relative success across the board. A meta-analysis study by Gilula & Kirsch (2005) of 290 depressed patients, showed a direct comparison of CES against various anti-depression medications. Figure 3 - shows the treatment-effect improvement in depression over placebo obtained from freedom-of-information data as provided to the FDA from pharmaceutical companies when seeking FDA approval. The CES data came from eight studies submitted to the FDA from Electromedical Products International, Inc., to reclassify CES from class III to class II for the treatment of depression, anxiety and insomnia. The CES studies reported no negative side-effects, whereas the drug studies indicated side-effects ranging from interruption of liver metabolism to reactions with other medications and an increase in thoughts and behaviors related to suicide ideation.
Figure 3. Medication vs CES for Treating Depression
- Gilula, M., and Kirsch, D. (2005). Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation Review: A Safer Alternative to Psychopharmaceuticals in the Treatment of Depression. Journal of Neurotherapy, 9(2):7-26.
This meta-analysis data shows that CES reduces depression 63% better than the placebo response, which in the case of Prozac, is only 11% better than a fake pill! If the poor performance of most anti-depressant drugs surprises you, then consider the meta-analysis research of Irving Kirsch, Ph.D. He found that, “Analyses of the published data and the unpublished data that were hidden by drug companies [known only to the drug companies and the FDA] reveals that most (if not all) of the benefits are due to the placebo effect. . . Instead of curing depression, popular antidepressants may induce a biological vulnerability making people more likely to become depressed in the future. , , When different treatments are equally effective, choice should be based on risk and harm, and of all of these treatments, antidepressant drugs are the riskiest and most harmful. If they are to be used at all, it should be as a last resort, when depression is extremely severe and all other treatment alternatives have been tried and failed.” - Kirsch I. (2014). Antidepressants and the Placebo Effect. Zeitschrift fur Psychologie, 222(3),128–134.
At Pacific Psychological Care we strive to use the safest and the most effective methods of CES – with tiny amplitudes of specific microcurrents – with a personalized, tailored, approach of neurostimulation based on the latest qEEG and ERP brain mapping techniques.
The EEG is an electrical field measured by differential, direct coupled (DC) amplifiers. The main feature of an EEG is its oscillatory dynamics, the interplay between excitatory and inhibitory processes within the brain. The oscillations seen in raw EEGs are rows of up and down fluctuations, multiple sinusoidal waves, travel at certain speeds (Hz), or frequency bands. States of arousal, attention, motivation, emotions, and higher cognitive activities are linked to brain waves at different frequency bands.
An increasing body of evidence suggests there is significant value in using EEG information for guiding clinical interventions with medications, targeted nutrients, biofeedback or neurotherapies. Personalized approaches to neurostimulation based on QEEG and ERP maps may offer better clinical efficacy and treatment outcomes.
QUANTITATIVE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAMS (qEEGs)
The qEEG is a noninvasive, safe, and painless, type of brain mapping. Compared to other forms of brain maps (e.g., CAT scans; MRIs; or SPECT scans), qEEGs are relatively inexpensive and more adept at assessing states of consciousness. An elastic cap with 19 electrode, plus two grounds, is placed over the skull, to only receive “read-only”signals from the brain. These electrodes do not alter brain activity in any way; they simply reveal the location and patterns of brain activity as underactive, balanced, or overactive. Brain wave patterns reveal important information about your state of arousal and overall brain function, including stress levels, cognitive strengths and deficits, and emotions. A qEEG can reveal brain wave patterns associated with impulsivity, cognitive inflexibility, anxiety, depression, autism, trauma, and other symptoms. It can be helpful in many ways, including:
Identifying brain-markers for cognitive and psychological challenges
Showing how your brain functions might be improved
Tracking your clinical progress using different therapies and treatments
Providing objective information to create your own personalized neurotherapy program, to increase brain metabolism, to help balance your emotions, to improve learning and performance, or to decrease inflammation.
WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM A qEEG?
A qEEG can be performed on people of all ages—adults, adolescents, children, and even babies. People struggling with mental health symptoms may benefit from an evaluation that includes qEEG testing. qEEGs can help to identify brain wave patterns associated with a variety of conditions, including:
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Traumatic Brain Injuries or Concussions
PTSD or traumatic episodes
Schizophrenia or Bipolar Illness
EVENT RELATED POTENTIALS (ERPs)
ERPs are part of the EEG generated by sensory and cognitive processing of external stimuli; reflecting the summed synaptic activity produced when neurons fire in synchrony in response to a specific stimulus. The stimuli of the ERP test are grouped into sequences of repeating sounds or visual cues. The type, timing, and sequence of stimuli (often called an “ERP paradigm”) are organized to target specific cognitive processes such as selective attention, memory encoding, executive function, and motor speed. While the brain subconsciously analyzes the incoming stimuli, EEG time-locked to each stimulus is recorded. At the end of the test, the time-locked EEG recordings are averaged according to stimulus type, and all brain activity not related to the specific stimulus group is “filtered out”. What is left are the ERP waves that represent the physiological responses evoked by each stimulus type played during the test (Figure 1).
“Event-related potential (ERP) is one of the most informative and dynamic methods of monitoring cognitive processes, which is widely used in clinical research to deal with a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).”
Event related potentials (ERPs) are an objective measure of cortical synaptic dysfunctions - that can result from traumatic events, psychiatric or behavioral conditions, or learning issues. ERPs are highly sensitive to cognitive deficits arising from even mild to moderate challenges. Thus, ERP mapping can improve patient treatments by providing clinicians with an accurate and objective assessment of a patients’ cognitive status after a trial of therapy.
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Tories in the time of Coronavirus
Who would have thought until a few weeks ago that Boris Johnson’s success over the coming year would be judged on anything other than his management of the final stage of Brexit? That issue – together with whether he’ll turn out overall to be just the latest in a long line of soft-left Tory prime ministers – will return. But for the moment, Johnson’s reputation stands or falls on how he handles the gravest challenge of our time. Disappointingly for those like me who’ve long seen him as the Tories’ best hope, his performance so far doesn’t inspire much confidence.
Few governments have escaped criticism for their response to the coronavirus pandemic. But the UK’s handling of the crisis has been especially controversial and not just among the usual Boris-bashers. High-profile conservative (apart from when it comes to climate change) media commentator Piers Morgan has strongly attacked the government response for being too slow and weak, as has former Tory health secretary Jeremy Hunt, criticisms backed by many scientists.
When the first cases appeared in the UK on 31 January, the government didn’t support the social distancing measures adopted by other countries and, uniquely, planned to accept a wave of infections, aimed at developing ‘herd immunity’. The government maintained this approach for six weeks while infections and deaths increased steadily. There was no attempt to stop even large events like the Cheltenham races, attended by 60,000 people. Johnson said stopping mass gatherings wouldn’t help reduce the spread of infections, while the Sunday Times claims that the private message of his senior advisor Dominic Cummings was ‘herd immunity, protect the economy and if that means some pensioners die, too bad’.
The government’s abrupt U-turn on 16 March came after its scientific advisors concluded the light-touch ‘mitigation’ strategy was flawed. During such times of crisis governments of course have to rely on scientific advice. But UK policy running for six weeks on what turned out to be incorrect advice is scandalous. The fact that the scientific advisors’ assessment was at such variance with that in other countries should have prompted much scepticism and questioning. If it turns out that the government’s initial approach caused more deaths than would have been the case under a robust early response, Johnson’s reputation will take a major battering.
More positively for Johnson, Brexit is no longer a significant issue dividing the country. The only question is whether Britain finally leaves the EU at the end of this year with a free- trade deal. That would require the EU to back down on its absurd insistence that the condition for a deal is Britain aligning its standards and regulations with its own and having the EU’s court adjudicate on any disputes – conditions firmly rejected by Johnson and which haven’t applied to the EU’s free-trade deals with Japan, Canada or Korea. Brussels is also insisting on continued fishing access to British waters. If the EU remains obstinate and a free-trade deal proves elusive, few except hard-core Remainers would blame Johnson.
After Johnson’s electoral victory, hopes have been high among conservatives that he would reverse the Left’s dominance of so much British life, especially the civil service, the police and the BBC. The signs so far are mixed. On the positive side, Johnson has defended Home Secretary Priti Patel, the target of a concerted campaign by the civil service and the Left because she’s a conservative who’s been pushing the famously obstinate and incompetent Home Office to implement policies in tune with what most voters want. She wants to bring down immigration numbers – to the extent that Johnson’s left-liberal views on immigration allow – and to shift the police away from their PC ways, seen again recently when they co-operated with Extinction Rebellion extremists in shutting down the centre of Cambridge and stood by while they vandalised the grounds of Trinity College.
But in other areas, Johnson makes some odd decisions. His new government line-up included James Brokenshire, who as a minister last year capitulated to the left in sacking Sir Roger Scruton from his official position – while he sacked Esther McVey, a rare Northern Tory, and left out conservative big beasts like Iain Duncan-Smith. Meanwhile, his government pursues radical, disruptive measures to achieve a carbon-neutral UK by 2050 while 65 per cent of Conservatives, according to one poll, think there’s no ‘climate emergency’. The recent decision that inspectors will check whether firewood in people’s homes is dry enough caused intense widespread irritation.
Approaching ten years of Conservative government, Britain today has such distinctly non-conservative features as a chill in relations with the US because it’s allowing the Chinese into its 5G rollout, Europe’s only coast guard which operates as a ferry service for illegal immigrants from another European country and police prioritising investigation of ‘non-crime hate incidents’ over real crimes like burglaries. The BBC’s head of drama admits his aim is to represent today’s multiracial Britain in historical productions. Schools organise ‘Drag Queen Story Times’ for five-year-olds.
Defeating the virus and getting Brexit completed will preoccupy Johnson for the next year. But in time he’ll also be judged on his preparedness to address the drift to PC lunacy in so many aspects of British life. For the moment, it seems a safe bet that Margaret Thatcher will continue to be judged as the last real Tory prime minister.
Got something to add? Join the discussion and comment below.
Mark Higgie is the Spectator Australia’s Europe Correspondent
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Quiz Electronics Engineering
Each Question carries 1 Mark
Negative Marking: 1/4
Time: 10 Minutes
Q1. A network 220.127.116.11 is a
(a) Class A network
(b) Class B network
(c) Class C network
(d) Class D network
Q2. Repeated execution of simple computation may cause compounding of
(a) round-off errors
(b) syntax errors
(c) run-time errors
(d) logic errors
Q3. A problem in NP is NP-complete if
(a) Some problem in NP can be reduced to it in polynomial time.
(b) It can be reduced to the 3-SAT problem in polynomial time.
(c) The 3-SAT problem can be reduced to it in polynomial time.
(d) It can be reduced to any other problem in NP in polynomial time.
Q4. Which of the following desired features are beyond the capability of relational algebra?
(a) Aggregate computation
(b) Finding transitive closure
(d) All of the above
Q5. Functional testing is related to:
(a) structural testing
(b) behavior testing
(c) regression testing
(d) none of the above
Q6. In analyzing the compilation of PL/I program the description “creation of more optimal matrix” is associated with
(a) assembly and output
(b) machine independent optimization
(c) code generation
(d) syntax analysis
Q7. The term ‘aging’ refers to
(a) booting up the priority of the process in multi-level of queue without feedback.
(b) gradually increasing the priority of jobs that wait in the system for a long time to remedy infinite blocking
(c) keeping track of the following a page has been in memory for the purpose of LRU replacement
(d) letting job reside in memory for a certain amount of time so that the number of pages required can be estimated accurately.
Q8. By using an 7- bit optical encoder the degree of resolution that can be obtained is (approximately)
Q9. In FM, if the modulation index increases, the number of significant sidebands
(c) remains same
(d) none of these.
Q10. Which one of these is a state in thyristor?
(a) Reverse blocking mode
(b) Forward blocking mode
(c) Forward conducting mode
(d) All of these
Class A——-18.104.22.168 to 22.214.171.124—————– for all purpose
Class B——-126.96.36.199 to 188.8.131.52————– for all purpose
Class C——-192.0.0.0 to 184.108.40.206————— for all purpose
Class D——-220.127.116.11 to 18.104.22.168————– for multicast groups.
Class E——-240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.255————— for R&D purposes.
- In round-off error, we get the difference of the approximated value and the exact value. When repeated execution of simple computation takes place in this then it causes compounding of round-off errors.
- A syntax error is an error in the syntax of a sequence of characters or tokens that is intended to be written in compile-time.
- A runtime error is a program error that occurs while the program is running.
- A logic error is a bug in a program that causes it to operate incorrectly. It gives wrong output.
Sol. NP is Non-deterministic Polynomial time. “YES/NO” instances of these problems can be solved in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine and these problems can be verified(either it is correct or wrong) in polynomial time by a deterministic Turing machine. When all NP problems is reduced to NP complete in polynomial time then a problem in NP becomes NP complete. 3-SAT being an NPC problem, reducing it to a NP problem would mean that NP problem is NPC.
Sol. Relational algebra is a procedural query language which provides theoretical foundation for relational databases and SQL. It accepts instances of relations as input and produces instances of relations as output. The output of these operations is a new relation, which might be formed from one or more input relations. It uses operators to perform queries. An operator can be either unary or binary.
Regression Testing is used to select test cases partially or fully to ensure existing functionalities works fine.
Functional Testing is a software testing in which the system is tested against the functional specifications, by providing appropriate input, verifying the output against the functional specifications. It is a type of black-box testing. The testing can be done either manually or using automation.
Examples of Functional testing are
- Unit Testing
- Integration Testing
- White box testing
- Black Box testing
- User Acceptance testing
- Regression Testing
Sol. Machine independent optimization attempts to improve the intermediate code to get a better target code. Intermediate code transformed does not involve any absolute memory location or any CPU registers.
Sol. In the Priority scheduling algorithm, the low priority processes does not get opportunity to use CPU because of high priority process. Aging is used for solving this problem. Ageing is a scheduling technique used to avoid starvation by increasing the priority of the jobs that wait in the system for a long time or may be for infinite time, by preventing it from blocked for infinite time.
Sol. We know that,
Degree of resolution for n-bit optical encoder =
For 7-bit optical encoder,
Resolution = = = 2.80(approx.)
Sol. In FM, if the modulation index increases, the number of significant sidebands increases.
We know that, BW of FM = 2(β+1)
As β increase, so BW increases and due to this the number of significant sidebands also increases.
Sol. There are three states in a thyristor
- Reverse blocking mode– diode blocks the applied voltage.
- Forward blocking mode– the voltage applied in a direction makes a diode to conduct. But due to Thyristor had not triggered, no conduction takes place.
- Forward conducting mode– The thyristor has triggered and current will flow through the device until the forward current reaches below the threshold value, known as “Holding current”.
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Brown rules out presidential bid
RIVERSIDE — Gov. Jerry Brown said Tuesday that he will not run for president in 2016, dashing political speculation that he might make a fourth bid for the White House.
“No, that’s not in the cards. Unfortunately,” he told reporters at a news conference before brightening about his current job: “Actually, California is a lot more governable.”
Brown, who ran for president in 1976, 1980 and 1992, was the subject of some speculation recently when his office did not categorically rule out another run, the governor was touting his work in California as a template for the nation and some activists named him as an alternative to former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who is weighing a bid.
Brown was in Riverside to discuss prisons, education and water policy with local officials, part of a two-day, three-city trip to inland portions of the state. He visited Bakersfield on Tuesday morning and Fresno on Monday. Last week, he unveiled his budget in Sacramento, San Diego and Los Angeles.
Brown is up for reelection this year and has raised millions for a bid. But he has been coy about his intentions.
Asked about the purpose of his travel schedule, Brown declared Bakersfield a “wonderful place,” said politics did not interest him and continued to demur about his intentions.
“We have time,” he said. “I’m not running yet.”
The stories shaping California
Get up to speed with our Essential California newsletter, sent six days a week.
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The new EU circular economy package is committed developing a number of actions to promote further uptake of water reuse wherever it is cost-efficient and safe for health and the environment.
The main objective of the CLEaN-TOUR project is to develop knowledge, technologies and tools on wastewater treatment in order to facilitate expanding urban water reuse in touristic regions. In order to do so, the CLEaN-TOUR project will analyze two wastewater treatment scenarios: centralized systems, with a conventional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of a touristic city, and decentralized systems which consists of applying water segregation, i.e. grey water and treatment onsite where the wastewater is generated, i.e. in hotels. The CLEaN-TOUR project will tackle three main issues regarding water reuse in touristic cities: (i) the removal of pathogens and micropollutants, (ii) the evaluation of the potential risks of water reuse, and (iii) the difficulties in selecting the most adequate scenario (centralized or decentralized) and related treatment technologies.
First, in the CLEaN-TOUR project new analytical procedures for micropollutants (included in the Watch List of the EU Decision 2015/495 and in the Directives 2013/39/EC and 2008/105/EC) and non-conventional microbiological parameter (included in the EU legislation draft about minimum quality requirements for water reuse in agricultural irrigation and aquifer recharge) will be developed for water and solid (i.e. plant) samples.
After that, different technologies will be developed with the objective of increasing the quality of the reclaimed waters. Osmotic membrane bioreactors, hydroponic technologies and solar electro-oxidation will be developed as decentralized systems and as safety multibarrier treatments for micropollutants and pathogens. The results obtained will be compared with other technologies in both centralized and decentralized systems. In order to complement the efficiency results of the technologies, the use of reclaimed water for urban water reuse (irrigation of urban gardens, urban farming, hotel water recycling) and its associated risk will be evaluated in centralized and decentralized scenarios.
Finally, the knowledge generated will be encapsulated in a decision support tool in order to facilitate the assessment of centralized and decentralized water reuse schemes, to support the comparison and selection of the most feasible treatment technologies, and to raise awareness about the importance of water reuse in touristic cities. The CLEaN-TOUR project will demonstrate the safe use of reclaimed water for irrigation and other uses, thus illustrating water reuse as a step forward towards a circular economy in touristic regions.
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Ray Batchelor writes (15 01 2020): I urge you to enlarge this high quality image and look at it very carefully. It is a detail taken from this larger photograph, “El baile de clausura” which appeared in the popular Buenos Aires magazine Caras y Caretas (“Faces & Masks) in 1909.
Ray Batchelor writes: “This image was downloaded from the timeline of the Instituto Argentino del Tango Facebook page. I find this image interesting because, not only does it seem in comic form to prefigure the activities of Queer Tango London with the “Londoner Tango Club” having [albeit, uniformed soldiers, all
Ray Batchelor writes: The title I have given this image is taken from the “Tangology” website: http://www.tangology101.com/main.cfm/title/Tango-History-in-Pictures/id/1165 I find this image interesting because it shows women same sex couples in public. I expect the identification of the location according to Tangology is accurate, although I have seen the same
Ray Batchelor writes: Fangio had a tango composed in his honour: UN TANGO PARA FANGIO – Letra: Delfino Martinez / Musica: Nino Valinotti https://youtu.be/nduqMJX2NI8 For information (in Italian) about him: http://www.f1revolution.com/foro/index.php?topic=698.0 In Spanish: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Fangio This image is a screenshot made by me on 14th February 2016 from:
Ray Batchelor writes: A YouTube clip showing that it IS Tango: https://youtu.be/AzHyXhTlT90 A summary of the film here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Conformist_%28film%29 This is a much-reproduced still taken form the film. This image is black and white while the film itself is in colour I find this image interesting because it has so
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Polyamine Coagulants offered by us, are type of liquid chemicals which has high coagulant efficiency. These coagulants act both as coagulants and as coagulation aids. These coagulants are applied for the removal of color, turbidity, and organic compounds from dye wastewater. They are very effective and safe to use. Polyamine Coagulants are very much liked and used by our customers, in the market for its high quality. These coagulants require very low maintenance and replacement costs. They are very economical in nature.
Pafloc 500 is a highly cationic solution almost linear polymers formed by condensation of secondary amines and epihalohydrins. Its primary use is in industrial water treatment uses.
Chemical Name: Amine-Epichlorohydrin CoPolymers
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Images would be thehobby and art, and science of having unforgettable photos by saving mild, sometimes by picture taking contact lens, into electronic files by the use of a digital photographic camera, or photochemically on a special light-weight-vulnerable compound like photography movie. It involves the utilization of many specialised knowledge, which include motor technique, attention to depth, and to be able to see while in the sun array (sun) assortment. Pictures can be carried out hand-organised working with video cameras, cellular phones, programmed surveillance cameras, picture camcorders, and even more. The opportunity to love taking pictures makes it an essential part for many folk’s lifestyles.
Photography stands out as the older talent, but in recent years happens to be very popular as well as money-making. Most people are checking out digital photography to be a passion, recording memories later on excitement with produce-outs of such remarkable photos. A lot more older people get pics as being a pastime, and professionals are revealing until this pattern has expanded. Whether you are a beginner as well as expert wedding photographer, the thrill that you step beyond using pics causes it to be a really enjoyable activity.
A rudimentary pictures technique is to write your matter it is captured of all facets with the same level and theatre. The makeup of this matter need to play a large purpose in the quality of your pictures. Learning how to write an image correctly is half the combat on the subject of digital photography. There are 3 key varieties of taking pictures that almost all novice photography enthusiasts concentrate their consideration on, nevertheless if you be able to seize a subject matter inside the clearest way you can, you will get the upper submit just how your pics will be.
There are plenty of varieties of picture taking. Individuals types are nevertheless living images, photo digital photography, and publication taking pictures. If you’d like to have any achievements with the digital photography, it will help to find out the differences between these three. You may get a number of advice as part of your digital photography class by concentrating on among the about three and mastering it.
On the list of important elements of digital photography is lighting style. You have to figure out how to use lighting effects properly to acquire the top pics achievable. Lighting effects make a difference to the shots prove so you will have to rehearse utilizing several types of lighting. The digital camera has numerous options that manage light inside your shots. Your goals inside your pictures group ought to be to discover more about diverse configuration settings as well as what various gentle options try to your images.
Along with illumination, another necessary element of photography is arrangement. Celebrate or bust a photo and is also crucial that you learn suitable composition. Discovering how to take advantage with the readily available equipment that exist for you inside your dslr camera is vital in mastering the procedure of arrangement. Yes, that’s right can provide you with assortment of instruments boasting which can help within your pictures training that will help you catch the very best-searching images doable.
Some photography fans concentrate on distinct picture taking kinds includingdesign and scenery, kid’s picture taking, images, as well as others. You have to obtain a thorough comprehension of each of these parts in order to stand out in this kind of digital photography. Landscaping professional photographers consentrate on acquiring countryside by means of standard zoom lens possibilities even though design photography lovers discover how to focus on clothes variations by way of makeup and lights options. Portrait photography lovers be capable of require a photograph for any issue after which get a new graphic the actual addition of things and clothing to make the photo resemble a symbol taken by way of professional photographer.
There are also several unique different types of images which require folks who suffer digicam case. In case you are getting pics to see people, it’s crucial that you know which kind of photographs appeals to readers and those that is not going to. In addition, if you’re going to market your digital photography or pictures on the web, you will need to possess a finish perception of how internet sales work to be able to maximize how much income for you to receive.
If you have any kind of questions relating to where and how you can use Amazon Product photography https://www.photographmyproduct.co.uk, you could call us at our own internet site.
Carry on your search for further linked posts:
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Daily Covid-19 cases in the US moved above 100,000 a day for the first time since February, higher than the levels of last summer when vaccines were not available, and came as health officials sounded alarm over lagging rates of vaccination driving the surge of the infectious Delta variant.
The seven-day average of hospital admissions has also increased more than 40% from the week before, with health workers describing frustration and exhaustion as hospitals in Covid hotspots were again overwhelmed with patients, almost 20 months into the pandemic in the US.
“As we look at our hospitalizations and as we look at our deaths, they are overwhelmingly unvaccinated people,” CDC director Rochelle Walensky said at a briefing on Thursday.
About half of all new infections and hospitalizations in the past week were in seven southern states – Florida, Texas, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Alabama and Mississippi – even though the states represent less than a quarter of the country’s population, said White House coronavirus coordinator, Jeff Zients.
In Mississippi on Thursday, there were 3,164 new confirmed cases, the second highest single-day caseload in the state during the pandemic.
“We’re seeing a phenomenal increase in daily reported cases of Covid, and this is entirely attributable to the Delta variant, which is sweeping over Mississippi like a tsunami,” said state health officer Thomas Dobbs.
The entire state had just eight ICU beds available on Thursday, officials said, and more than 1,147 people were hospitalized with Covid-19.
Nichole Atherton, an intensive care nurse in Mississippi, told Reuters she was planning to resign from her hospital and find nursing work elsewhere because she couldn’t stand watching Covid’s toll on her community.
“The first wave was heartbreaking, because there was nothing people could do except stay away from the people they love,” Atherton said about infections last year before vaccines were developed. “This time, there are options.”
Three people have messaged her to say they will get vaccinated, Atherton said.
At a White House coronavirus briefing on Thursday, officials said as cases surge, efforts were focused on communities with low vaccination rates, which are driving the pandemic.
“Across the board, we are seeing increases in cases and hospitalizations in all age groups,” said Walensky.
Walensky said the CDC had reported more than 103,400 new cases of Covid on Wednesday, and that the seven-day average for cases was about 89,463 per day.
One bright spot is vaccination rates are now increasing again across the US. White House data director Cyrus Shahpar said that on Wednesday there were more vaccinations in a single day than since 3 July, with 864,000 new doses reported administered. Of those, 585,000 were first shots.
Of the three vaccines approved for emergency use in the US, Johnson & Johnson only requires one shot, Pfizer and Moderna’s vaccines need two shots several weeks apart, and all three give strong protection.
Some of the same states responsible for the increase in cases are also picking up the vaccination pace. The White House said Tennessee has seen a 90% increase in first shots over the past two weeks. Oklahoma saw an 82% increase and Georgia saw a 66% percent increase.
“The unvaccinated continue to be the big highway of transmission,” William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University Medical Center told CNN. “So the unvaccinated continue to be the big highway of transmission. The vaccinated, they’re little side streets. Let’s not get preoccupied with that. We need to get more people vaccinated.”
A growing number of companies are requiring employees get the Covid-19 vaccine. United on Friday became the first major US airline to require all employees get vaccinated.
And defense secretary Lloyd Austin is expected to soon order vaccines mandatory for the military. More than a million service members are fully vaccinated of the roughly two million active-duty, guard and reserve troops, according to the Associated Press.
Meanwhile, hospitals are fighting to get financial help from state and federal officials. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (Fema) provides funding to help cover some Covid-related costs at hospitals.
But state officials in Texas are denying funding requests from hospitals as cases surge across the state, after providing $5.39bn earlier in the pandemic, which was reimbursed by Fema, according to local news channel WFAA.
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Here’s What To Expect at Your First Eye Exam
Are you preparing for an upcoming eye exam? If it’s your first appointment ever, you might be a bit nervous and not know what to expect. If that’s the case, here’s what to expect at your first eye exam to help calm your nerves.
Know Your Medical History
The first thing to expect when you walk into your optometrist’s office or eye facility is paperwork. It’s not the most exciting thing in the world, but it’s important for the rest of your exam. Make sure you (or your family member, if you have a guardian there with you) know your medical history and have your insurance information prepared in advance. This will make the paperwork process faster and easier on your and the office’s end.
The visual acuity test is one of the most common eye tests. You may have already seen the tools involved on TV or in commercials. Your eye doctor will have you look at a chart with lined letters ranging from small to large. These charts are known as the Snellen or Sloan eye charts. Once you read it normally, the optometrist will have you look at the same letters through different lenses, occasionally covering one of your eyes to test your vision in each. These lenses are what the doctor will compare with prescription lenses to determine how strong your prescription will be if you need one.
Tonometry is a test that the eye doctor will conduct to record your eye’s pressure (also known as “intraocular pressure”). There are several different types of tonometry tests, including applanation tonometry, non-contact tonometry, and more. During applanation tonometry, the doctor will observe the pressure of your cornea using a small rod to touch the surface of your eye. In non-contact tonometry, a small puff of air is used instead of the rod tool. Don’t worry because neither hurt, and both are quick and simple tests.
Hopefully, this walkthrough of what to expect at your first eye exam helps ease any nerves you might have going into the appointment. Regular eye appointments help ensure proper eye health and get you the right eyewear to help you see clearly when you need it.
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In the world of business, marketing is incredibly important. You could have a great product but without successful marketing it is never going to do as well as it could. This is the reason that companies pay a lot of attention to marketing, and often they wilk use a professional brand design agency to ensure that they are getting the right message across to their customers.
One of the best examples of how marketing works is fast food. Fast food chains have become hugely popular over the past few decades – some may be old enough to remember the images of the queues outside the first McDonalds that opened up in Moscow after the fall of the Berlin Wall.
The popularity of fast food means that there are many companies vying for the attention of the consumer, and many successful companies out there. Marketing has been a huge part of these companies’ success stories.
One of the things that has seen a lot of fast-food companies reach worldwide success is recognition. Brand consistency and recognition is important – for example, you can go anywhere in the world and when you see the McDonalds famous golden arches, or the face of Colonel Sanders you know what you are going to get – this is why they are so successful.
Another thing to look at with fast food chains is their use of colour – most of them use the colour red in their logo. The reason for this is that it subconsciously invokes feelings of speed and urgency – meaning if you are hungry, your food will be with you fast!
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In 2018 the Government of Canada put forth the plastics challenge as an initiative because “[i]nnovative solutions are needed to increase the recovery, reuse and recycle of plastic wastes generated from construction activities”
At MgO Systems we chose to focus on PVC plastics, shredding the plastic into small fibres that we then incorporate into our C3 Engineered Board. The intention was to understand the effects of adding waste plastic into our board system and the process to bring it to market. MgO Systems has successfully integrated PVC into our MgO Board, which demonstrated an in thermal insulation efficiency, resiliency and compressive strength in comparison to benchmark materials without PVC. PVC plastic does not appear to have a detrimental impact on the insulation performance of the material. We are excited to begin looking into processing and testing a variety of different plastic types going forward.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the pricing like compared to other similar products?
- Like all products and projects, prices vary by design, quantity, quality, schedule, and budgets, but the most respected estimating company in the United States, RSMeans, has proven that the use of panelized construction can be up to 55% faster, and 41% less expensive to erect than stick framing — and be of higher quality too. Read the full report here.
- Where are your panels made?
- Our panels are made in Southern Alberta, Canada, and an additional manufacturing location has now been established in Indio, California.
- Tell me, is it more expensive than conventional building?
- Costs are entirely design-dependent. Costs for conventional buildings can be misleading as they often don’t include materials necessary to achieve the full level of performance available from the C3 Engineered Wall System™, nor do they often reflect the longer periods of time typically required to erect conventional buildings. Still, if the design for the building is one where it makes sense to use panels, then the panel solution typically results in less expenses overall than conventional construction, and huge savings in time on the job site.
- Is it less expensive than stick built construction?
- The basic materials costs are more expensive than stick built materials, but the savings in time can more than compensate for the materials pricing, often saving months of construction time, and financing costs while delivering a higher quality finished product. If a stick built wall was to be built up to the performance standards of the C3 walls, then the material and labor costs for the stick wall system would be about the same as for C3 panels, and the time required on the job site would be much greater than panels.
- What do you mean by wall panels?
- We manufacture panels (4’ wide x 8’, 9’, or 10’ tall, x desired thickness) made of MgO board and rigid insulation that are adhered under pressure, and are highly suitable for the rapid assembly of buildings. Even though we call our panels an “Engineered Wall System”, our panels are also very suitable for use in foundations, floors, roofs, and decks. It’s simply a matter of what structure we put inside them and how they are finished in the field.
- How much do the panels cost?
- Prices vary with the number of panels, their complexity, and the kind of internal structure selected to be used (metal, wood, fibreglass, or MGO plates, studs, and splines).
- What is your biggest competitive advantage?
- We give our clients the ability to have high-quality construction completed in a much more rapid, and less wasteful manner, which can certainly result in tremendous savings of time and money, and yield greater comfort, energy savings, and sustainability.
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The final phase of the behavior change process is the home transition. While technically not a phase that happens at camp, preparing for a successful transition back home is what we focus on while at camp, so it’s absolutely part of the clinical progression process.
We prepare for the successful transition back home in several ways. First of all, we prepare a daily routine with a set schedule for screen time activities that will enable the camper to achieve their long term goals like graduating high school, college, and pursuing a successful career.
We also role play problem situations the camper encounters at home so that the skills they learn at camp are easily transferable back home. In this way, reactions to problem areas and common disagreements are pre-planned. A camper has not only pre-selected their response to a stressful situation while at camp, they’ve gone as far as to act it out with the staff.
Family Workshops also help parents support the child in their successful transition back home. We provide parents with the information and support they need along with a behavioral contract. In this way families can agree on time limits and days for screen time activity, and parents will have a useful tool for enforcing consequences.
Aftercare is also available for families that need this service. During aftercare, your child can check in with Summerland staff that knows your child well and ensure the behavioral changes are being kept up with at home.
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I didn’t think that compressor stalls during “cat shots” (catapult lauches) were frequent events. However, a quick look at US Navy website let me realize that compressor stalls or compressor surges are common (most probably?) because the hot vapour generated by the catapult is ingested by the aircraft intake thus creating a breakdown in compression resulting in a the compressor’s inability to absorb the momentary disturbance and to continue pushing the air against the already-compressed air behind it. As a consequence, there’s a momentary reversal of air flow and a violent expulsion of previously compressed air out through the engine intake producing some loud bangs from the engine and “back fires”.
The following pictures are all US Navy images taken from the official website: http://www.navy.mil
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To determine which factors tend to increase or decrease the rate of the
corrosion and to see if the rusting reaction occurs in different places
along the iron metal.
· 200 mL de-ionised water
· 2g agar
· 2 mL of 0.1 M potassium hexacyanoferrate(lll)
4 x clean iron nails
zinc strip approx. 6 cm x 0.3 cm bare copper wire or thin copper strip
approx. 8 cm long
· 2 mL of 0.1% phenolphthalein indicator
· emery paper
· 2 x Petri dishes and covers
· 10 mL measuring cylinder
· 100 mL measuring cylinder
· 500 mLbeaker
· Bunsen burner
· bench mat
gauze mat and safety glasses
1) Place 200 ml of de-ionised water in a 500 mL beaker. Heat until the
water just begins to boil. Remove the heat and stir in 8 g of powdered
agar. Heat gently while stirring until the agar is evenly dispersed throughout
2) Add about I ml of 0.1 M potassium hexacyanoferrate(IIl) (potassium
ferricyanide) and I ml of 0.1% phenolphthalein indicator to the agar mixture
and stir thoroughly.
3) Allow the agar mixture to cool until it is lukewarm but still liquid.
4) While the agar is cooling, clean the four nails with emery paper and
place one of them in a Petri dish.
5) Use a pair of pliers to bend a second nail into a right angle, and
then place it flat in the Petri dish (not touching the other nail).
6) Wrap a piece of bare copper wire or strip around the third nail in
a tight helix so that the wire and nail are in good electrical contact.
Place the nail and wire flat in the second Petri dish.
7) Take a piece of zinc strip and clean its surface thoroughly with emery
paper. Wrap the strip around the fourth nail in a tight helix so that
they are in good electrical contact. Lay the nail and strip flat in the
second Petri dish (not touching the other nail).
8) When the agar mixture is cool, pour it carefully over the nails in
the Petri dishes until they are covered to a depth of about 0.5 cm. Allow
the agar to cool to room temperature and to solidify. Carefully sketch
the arrangement of nails in each dish. Place a labelled cover over each
9) Leave the Petri dishes overnight and observe the nails the next day.
The areas of blue colouration indicate the area where iron has had its
electrons taken from it, while the areas of pink colouration indicate
the area where oxygen has taken the electrons..
In this experiment, the hexacyanoferrate forms a blue colour in the region
where oxidation of the iron is taking place (where iron is losing electrons).
Phenolphthalein turns pink in the region where oxygen is taking electrons.
This experiment indicates that the corrosion of iron involves oxidation
and reduction reactions. It also indicates where these take place on iron
When iron is in contact with a more reactive metal, this metal will be
oxidised(rusted) in preference to the iron thus protecting the iron from
corrosion. In other words the more reactive metal will act as a sacrificial
anode.When iron is in contact with a less reactive metal, corrosion of
the iron by oxidation will be promoted.
* The reactivity of a metal
is a measure of how easily it will give up electrons to other atoms. The
more reactive the easier it is to give up electrons.
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Showing Collections: 1 - 1 of 1
Collection — Multiple Containers
Identifier: SMHC Collection 0200
The Margaret C. Buck collection contains an oral history recording and transcript of an interview conducted by Gary Wheeler with Buck in the summer of 1979. In the interview, Buck recalled her work as a physical education teacher in the Minnesota towns of Plainview, Canby, and Chisholm during the 1940s. During her conversation, she explained the economic conditions, athletic conditions, and the role of teachers during World II.
- Subject: Alumni and alumnae
- Names: Wheeler, Gary
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https://archivesspace.lib.mnsu.edu/public/repositories/resources?q%5B%5D=%2A&op%5B%5D=&field%5B%5D=title&from_year%5B%5D=&to_year%5B%5D=&limit=resource&filter_fields%5B%5D=subjects&filter_values%5B%5D=Alumni+and+alumnae&sort=title_sort%20asc&filter_fields%5B%5D=published_agents&filter_values%5B%5D=Wheeler%2C+Gary
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| 0.903199
| 142
| 1.5625
| 2
|
Lehner’s sowing machine
This new seeder is characterized by its astonishing, simple operation and economy.
It enables the gardener to process pelleted seeds and suitable natural seeds.
Even small quantities of seeds can still be sown without any problems.
In a single operation, the individual seeds are placed exactly in the standard seed boxes, cultivation plates or pots.
(Special designs on request)
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http://saetechnik.de/en/home-2/
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| 0.87726
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|
One of my central responsibilities as an educator is to perform a task called “curriculum mapping.” Over the years this practice has made me aware of the lack of academic continuity that occurs when students leave NYC middle schools for NYC high schools.
According to a 2001 article published by the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, “curriculum mapping is a process for recording what content and skills are actually taught in a classroom, school, or district during a longer period of time [than a lesson plan]….[it] can serve as both an instrument and a procedure for determining what the curriculum is and monitoring the planned curriculum.”
In other words, teachers like me carefully create maps to ensure that what we teach each day is aligned with Common Core standards, coheres with other teachers’ objectives, and builds each day on what students have learned previously.
In my experience, curriculum maps have always been referred to as a “ubD’ or Understanding by Design. That is the way that I was taught to plan a unit by my cooperating teacher, Keri Crocco, during my student teaching experience. At its core, curriculum mapping challenges educators to think about the larger goal they want to achieve. Then they create a map for how they are going to get there, how long it will take to get there, what tools are needed to get there, and what assessments will validate whether or not the intended goal has been reached successfully.
I have created several curriculum maps for individual units of study — often referred to as horizontal mapping — that my students and I work on in my English Language Arts classes. Additionally, I have worked on curriculum maps with my school’s English Department to plan vertically what our students would be learning/needed to learn from one year to the next. This broader type of planning is way more in-depth and always includes looking at students’ standardized test scores and the Common Core as the driving forces behind what we select to teach and how we select to teach it.
This level of teamwork acts as not only a tool for building staff capacity, but also as a comprehensive professional development program. In more recent years, school districts have purchased scripted curriculums that require adjusting the prescribed curriculum to meet the needs of the students. In my experience with curriculum mapping, it is more difficult to re-work a scripted curriculum than it is to build a curriculum map from the ground up.
Regardless of whether a curriculum map is being created or revised, there are certain components that should be included in a good curriculum map. These elements include content, essential skills, time-frame, assessment, instructional strategies, and Common Core-alignment, to name a few. It is important for administrators, teachers, and school staff to know about the curriculum development process because it “enriches instructional practice ,increases understanding of result-oriented teaching, improves teacher communication and collaboration, and increases student achievement.”
Administrators, in particular, benefit from a systematic approach to curriculum mapping to ensure instructional continuity in and among schools, to ensure progressive skill development among schools through continuity of instruction, to maximize the use of student time, avoid unnecessary instructional overlaps, prevent gaps, minimize boredom, ensure mastery of curriculum, and [perhaps most profoundly to] provide a strong barrier against the problem of concentrating on one school or level of schools at the expense of the total system.
I have found while working in sixth-twelfth grade schools that there almost always seems to be a more concentrated academic focus on the middle school portion of the school, often at the detriment of the high school grades. Everything — include the curriculum mapping — is divided along middle school/high school lines. This lack of continuity causes a rift. The middle school portion is usually really strong and renders students academically and socially ready to leave for a different high school, which is the antithesis of the middle-school-and-high-school-in-one-building model. Surely we can do a better job at ensuring the continuity of instruction.
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|
Oxidative stress and cell cycle reentry lead to cell death in the harlequin mouse. An 80% reduction of AIF protein expression in the Hq mutant mouse is associated with increased activity of total glutathione (GSH) and catalase, presumably through increases in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Surviving neurons may express additional antioxidant pathways. Increases in H2O2 could lead to cellular damage via formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by the Fenton reaction. In addition, oxidative stress may trigger cell cycle reentry in some terminally differentiated neurons. These neurons undergo apoptosis after DNA replication. Possible mechanisms for cell cycle reentry are shown in Figure 2.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.jci.org/articles/view/18182/figure/1
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| 0.904526
| 144
| 2.15625
| 2
|
More than 12% of adults in Nevada have diabetes. If not well-controlled, diabetes can lead to other health complications, such as kidney or heart disease. Jay Lao, NP, at A+ Total Care in Elko, Nevada, is an integrative medical practitioner who can help you manage your diabetes. To learn more, call the office or schedule a consultation using the online booking button.
Diabetes is a chronic health condition that causes your blood glucose level to be higher than normal. Glucose, which comes from the foods you consume, provides your cells with the energy necessary to perform all of your body’s functions. Insulin is a hormone made in your pancreas that helps get the glucose from your blood to your cells. The main types of diabetes are:
Type 1 diabetes tends to develop in childhood or adolescence, while Type 2 diabetes occurs more often in adults. Type 2 diabetes is more common than Type 1.
Your symptoms may vary depending on your blood sugar level and whether you have Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes.
Common symptoms include:
Type 2 diabetes can sneak up on you. Annual visits to A+ Total Care can help you stay aware of your health and help catch changes in your blood sugar early, which may prevent diabetes altogether.
Your health care professionals at A+ Total Care can diagnose diabetes by performing certain tests, including:
The A1C test is a measurement that assesses blood sugar levels over a three month period. If your A1C is 6.5% or greater on two tests, then your health care expert may diagnose you with diabetes.
A fasting test checks your blood sugar levels after an overnight fast. If your number is 126 mg/dL or greater on two separate tests, you may have diabetes.
During an oral glucose tolerance test, your health care practitioner will have you drink a sugar solution and then test your blood sugar over a two-hour period. If your blood sugar is 200 mg/dL or greater after two hours, you may have diabetes.
Diabetes is a chronic health condition, but it can be managed through diet, exercise, and medication. Your health care experts at A+ Total Care will develop a treatment plan that best fits your needs and makes the most improvement in your blood sugar levels.
To get help managing diabetes, call A+ Total Care, or schedule an appointment online. The office is open seven days a week, and walk-ins are always welcome.
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In this article two clinical pharmacists discuss strategies for success with pharmacy topic discussions.
Article Posted 9 May 2022
Topic discussions are commonly used as a tool during pharmacy clinical rotations to help a learner focus on common disease states or important literature in the area. Unfortunately, learners sometimes view topic discussions as a necessary part of rotation (eating your vegetables, if you will) as opposed to an opportunity to do a deep dive into a particular area of infectious diseases. We have compiled a list of five steps to use to sweeten your topic discussions for learners.
Step 1: Plan
Decide on topics, ask learner about interest areas to try to help personalize, decide who will lead topics (student, resident, yourself, team, etc.), decide on articles you will provide or whether the learner will provide articles
In a four to six week rotation, it can be difficult to narrow down the number of topics that you want to cover. One to two topic discussions per week is a normal load. But which of the topics makes the cut? Like desserts, you can’t have them all! Having a core set of required topic discussions and flexibility to customize based on the learner’s interests is key. We try to ask our learners on day 1, or perhaps even before the rotation, about their goals for the rotation as well as their strengths and/or weaknesses in the clinical area. Then, we use this discussion to work with the learner and personalize some of the topic discussions.
Deciding who is going to lead the topic discussions is also an important part of planning. Are you in a layered learning model (with students as well as first and/or second year pharmacy residents) where residents will lead the topics? Or do you have team-taught topics ?
Choosing the right number and set of articles depends on your learner. Some articles may be appropriate for a PGY-2 resident, but not a P4 student. Saving standard articles that you use for topic discussions in electronic folders that residents can access can improve efficiency. We also evaluate standard articles from time to time to see if they need to be updated. Additionally, if you have a more advanced learner or one whom has had a similar rotation in the past, consider asking them to identify and send a recently published article to the group ahead of time. This can give them more autonomy in choosing what they would like to discuss as well as potentially expose you to new literature in the area.
Step 2: Communicate expectations
Communicating expectations is an important part of precepting. Learners want to succeed, but unspoken or confusing expectations can lead to frustration on behalf of both the learner and preceptor.
Discussing with the learner about who will lead the topic discussions and how they need to prepare is key. Some preceptors prefer that learners have a prepared handout for topic discussions. We always aim to send articles to the learners at least a week before the topic discussion to give them time to review. Additionally, preceptors should provide guidance if there are certain sections of articles or guidelines that learners should focus on more. Similar to how many is too many chocolate chip cookies, the most important sections in a long guideline can be subjective and something that needs to be defined.
Step 3: Ask questions
During the topic discussion, use Socratic questioning to get to the why, probe for implications, and solicit alternative viewpoints. Understanding how different temperatures affect the crystalline structure of chocolate is important to be able to properly temper chocolate. Likewise, when reviewing complex infectious diseases topics, we always strive to test our learners’ comprehension. Do they know that vancomycin plus ceftriaxone is the first line therapy for most adults with meningitis? Do they know that the reason we use vancomycin is for ceftriaxone-resistant Strep pneumoniae as opposed to MRSA ?
We often encounter complex patients who do not qualify or cannot receive the first line therapy for various reasons. Asking learners about alternatives and the rationale behind the recommendation prepares them for complicated scenarios, new information on rounds, or push back they may receive on recommendations. Just like being able to convert a failed cake into delicious cake pops, we want our learners to develop the clinical thought processes to think on their toes when challenged.
Step 4: Follow up learning
A topic discussion is just the start; preceptors may assign follow up questions based on gaps in a learner’s knowledge revealed by Socratic questioning. I mean, what is cake without ice cream? We often send follow up FYI articles to augment a learner’s own literature search and then reinforce the concepts learned during patient discussion and rounding.
We seek to use topic discussions as a tool to help develop a learner’s critical thinking skills, so they understand the why and evidence behind their recommendations instead of simply following hospital protocols. For instance, by the end of rotation, we want learners to be able to explain to their providers that we use carbapenems for ESBL bloodstream infections based on the MERINO trial and not just because, “that is what Bryan or Athena said” or “that’s just what we do here” .
Step 5: Ask for feedback
Precepting is something in which we can always grow. Our current topic discussions and readings were the result of trial and error and borrowing good ideas and articles from colleagues. Get feedback from learners on topic selection, article choices, amount of required reading, and the format of topic discussions.
As it turns out your can have your cake and eat it too!
1. Delgado O, Kernan WP, Knoer SJ. Advancing the pharmacy practice model in a community teaching hospital by expanding student rotations. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2014;71(21):1871-1876.
2. White BP, Hobbs ALV. Infectious diseases virtual topic discussions: co-preceptorship adaptations during a global pandemic. J Pharm Pract. Published online March 11, 2022:8971900221076427.
3. Gentry L. Teaching with questions. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2015;28(1):118-119.
4. Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(9):1267-1284.
5. Harris PNA, Tambyah PA, Lye DC, et al. Effect of piperacillin-tazobactam vs meropenem on 30-day mortality for patients with e coli or klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection and ceftriaxone resistance: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018;320(10):984-994.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Dr. Bryan White graduated from the University of Georgia, completed his PGY1 pharmacy practice residency at Albany Medical Center, and completed his PGY2 residency in infectious diseases at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.
He has been an infectious diseases clinical pharmacy specialist at the University of Oklahoma Medical Center from 2016 to present. His areas of interest and publication are in antimicrobial stewardship, OPAT, and bacteremias.
Dr. Athena Hobbs graduated from the University of Texas at Austin, completed her PGY1 pharmacy practice residency at the University of Chicago Medicine, and completed her PGY2 residency in infectious diseases and antimicrobial stewardship at Seton Healthcare Family in conjunction with the University of Texas at Austin. She was the infectious diseases clinical pharmacy specialist and co-chair of the antimicrobial stewardship committee at Baptist Memorial Hospital-Memphis from 2015-2021.
Dr. Hobbs is currently the infectious diseases clinical pharmacy coordinator at Methodist University Hospital in Memphis. Her particular areas of interest and publication are in antimicrobial stewardship, antimicrobial resistance, and antibiotic pharmacokinetics.
RECOMMENDED TO YOU
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Struggletown Vet Hospital
If you would like to learn a little more about what we do behind the scenes, and what is involved when your animal comes in for surgery, please browse this section.
Anaesthesia can be divided into the following phases:
This is where we give an intravenous anaesthetic drug, which rapidly makes the patient unconscious. It allows us to be able to pass a tube into the airway to deliver the anaesthetic gases, which will keep the patient anaesthetised during the procedure.
First, following a full physical examination and (recommended) blood tests to assess organ function, your pet is given a pre-medication. This is a sedative to reduce anxiety, relax your pet, and make the whole process smoother and safer. The pre-medication also includes pre-emptive strong pain relief.
Second, we place a catheter into the cephalic vein (on the top of the front leg). To place the catheter the fur must first be shaved over the top of the vein. A catheter is a thin, soft tube about 1 inch long with an injection port to allow delivery of drugs. This is taped to the leg and stays in place during and after anaesthetic and allows us to give intravenous fluids and drugs such as pain relief or intravenous antibiotics.
The induction agent is given into the vein “to effect”, that is; the correct dose for the body weight of the animal is calculated but then only the amount that is necessary for each individual patient is given.
A tube (endotracheal tube) of the appropriate size is then passed into the animal’s trachea. In cats, the larynx is first sprayed with local anaesthetic, as cats are prone to spasm of the larynx. This is not a problem for dogs.
The endotracheal tube is then tied into place with string up and over the animal’s nose, or behind the animal’s head. The tube has a soft, inflatable cuff on it to create a snug fit in the trachea. This is inflated with a small amount (1-2ml) of air.
The patient is then attached to the gas anaesthetic system. This system provides oxygen and anaesthetic gas to the patient to keep them anaesthetised at the correct depth for the procedure.
All anaesthetised animals are kept warm, by a specially designed mat that constantly recirculates warm air through it. They are positioned on the anaesthetic table on a moulded cradle. They have ointment placed in their eyes to stop the corneas becoming dry.
Monitoring anaesthetic is a complex task. It is best achieved by constant monitoring by a qualified veterinary nurse or vet, with assistance from anaesthetic monitoring equipment. Every animal has an anaesthetic record filled out.
During the procedure, the patient is monitored to keep them at the right depth of anaesthetic – that is, if too lightly anaesthetised then the patient might have some reflex movements when surgery is being performed and if too deep then the heart or breathing rates may decrease.
The following variables contribute to our assessment of anaesthetic depth and are each measured and recorded every five minutes during the procedure: heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, tissue oxygen saturation and expired air carbon dioxide concentration. Critical patients also have their blood pressure and electrocardiograph (ECG) measured whilst under anaesthetic.
Some variables are measured manually by oesophageal stethoscope (a tube placed into the oesophagus to rest near to the heart and connected to the earpieces of a stethoscope) and checked against those values measured by the machines. Other values are measured by monitoring equipment – pulse oximeter, capnograph, and Doppler.
The pulse oximeter has a small clip that is attached to the patient’s tongue. This measures the oxygen saturation of blood at the tissue level and should always be maintained at greater than 95%. This machine also checks the pulse rate. The capnograph measures the respiratory rate and the level of the carbon dioxide in the expired gases.
The Doppler blood pressure gauge measures the systolic (maximum) blood pressure that occurs as the heart contracts. This must be maintained to ensure a healthy supply of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues during anaesthesia.
Once the procedure is nearing completion, the anaesthetic gas level will be slowly decreased, over about 5 minutes, to allow the animal to gradually regain consciousness.
The animal will be given extra pain relief if it is necessary, to help facilitate a smooth recovery.
Once the gas is turned off, the animals are left to breath 100% oxygen for about 5 minutes, then they are allowed to breath regular room air again. Once they show signs of regaining awareness then the endotracheal tube is removed and the animal is placed into a recovery cage. This is lined with a padded blanket and they are kept warm with hot water bottles or a heating mat.
Most animals regain consciousness within 10 minutes of stopping the anaesthetic, can sit up within about 1 hour and are able to walk within 2 or 3 hours. This varies a lot depending on the procedure and the time spent under anaesthetic. They normally need to rest in hospital for at least 6 hours after an anaesthetic.
Ready to book an appointment?
Give us a call today!
Struggletown Veterinary Hospital
Monday to Friday: 7:30am - 9:00pm
Saturday: 9:00am - 5:00pm
Sunday: 9:00am - 1:00pm
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Canada's transportation safety agency is set to release the final results of a year-long investigation into the Lac-Mégantic train disaster, offering the first definitive account of the series of events that led to the worst rail accident in modern Canadian history.
The Transportation Safety Board report, to be released Tuesday morning, is expected to raise questions about safety protocols at Montreal, Maine & Atlantic Railway and the oversight role Transport Canada has played, among other issues. The TSB will also detail what led a parked crude oil train to roll downhill toward Lac-Mégantic, where it jumped the tracks in the early hours of July 6, 2013.
The report will attract significant attention because of the scale of the accident and the broader questions it has raised about moving crude oil by rail. The oil that exploded in Lac-Mégantic was from the Bakken formation in North Dakota and was more volatile and prone to exploding than traditional crude.
When the 1.4-kilometre-long train crashed, its tank cars unleashed a wave of burning oil that destroyed much of the downtown core, levelling dozens of buildings and killing 47 people.
The Globe and Mail reported this week that part of the TSB's investigation has focused on a repair that was completed nine months before the fatal accident.
A source told The Globe that the material used in the repair wasn't strong enough and eventually failed, sparking a series of other problems that ultimately led to a buildup of oil in the engine.
A fire broke out in that engine about an hour after the train's engineer left it idling on the main track in Nantes, Que., and retired for the night. Firefighters extinguished the blaze and turned off the engine, which eventually caused the air brakes to stop working. Forced to rely on an insufficient number of hand brakes, the train rolled downhill toward Lac-Mégantic, reaching a speed of more than 100 kilometres per hour before it derailed.
The TSB has previously said the braking force was inadequate, but the report could provide greater detail on the matter, including how many hand brakes it believes had been set.
MM&A and three of its employees, including engineer Tom Harding, were charged with criminal negligence in connection with the crash earlier this year. Train operations manager Jean Demaitre and railway traffic controller Richard Labrie were also charged.
The TSB investigation, which is not meant to lay blame, placed some focus on the broader regulatory environment, including communications between MM&A and Transport Canada, a source told The Globe. The probe also considered the federal department's oversight of railway safety management systems, another source said.
Transport Canada's handling of railway safety management systems was criticized last fall by the federal Auditor-General, who found the department had conducted just one quarter of planned safety management audits during a recent three-year period.
A source with knowledge of the investigation told The Globe earlier this week that MM&A provided only cursory training to prepare staff for the new single-person operations, and that some of that training occurred within an hour of the first single-operator trains departing from the company's rail yard in Quebec.
During the year since the accident, Transport Canada has announced new rules for railways to undertake risk assessments for routes with a high volume of dangerous goods. In addition, the regulator has imposed new requirements for emergency response plans for crude and ethanol shipments. Transport Canada has also brought in tougher tank-car rules and established new guidelines for securing parked trains.
Mark Winfield, an expert on safety regulations who teaches at York University in Toronto, said he hopes the TSB report includes a look at how Transport Canada could have missed – or failed to act on – the risks associated with the rapid increase in crude-by-rail traffic over recent years. "Everything that's happened has been sort of ex post facto. It's all been after Lac-Mégantic. It's been the right moves, but why did 47 people have to die in order for this to happen?" Prof. Winfield said.
A new report by the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives argues that the accident exposed a number of broad regulatory failings, including vague and poorly enforced rail operating rules and a disregard for the risks of Bakken crude oil, which is more volatile than traditional crude.
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March 30, 2005 Productivity plays a critical role when it comes to our national standard of living. Productivity growth is the main element that contributes to continued improvements in real incomes and overall prosperity. Rising productivity lets businesses pay higher wages, while keeping costs down, employment high, and profits coming in. That's why economists like me spend a lot of time thinking about ways to improve the productivity of our economy.
March 21, 2005 The invitation is timely, given that the Bank of Canada's inflation-targeting agreement with the Canadian government is up for renewal next year. At the Bank, we are always reflecting on our framework, deciding what works well and what we can improve. Against that backdrop, we have watched with interest the debate taking place here in the United States - inside and outside the Federal Reserve - about whether that institution should join the ranks of inflation-targeting central banks.
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Earlier this year, woodworking machinery manufacturer SCM North America, along with two Southern California cabinetry companies, hosted a job shadow program for a local high school to give its students an in-person tutorial on modern cabinet-building technology.
Over a two-day period, the students from the Industrial Wood Technologies program at San Jacinto High School visited Excel Cabinets in Corona, Calif. and Reeves Enterprises in La Verne, Calif., where they got an inside look into factory performance optimization, SCM machine research and acquisition, and general day-to-day business operations. School instructor Roy Castillo says it was an invaluable in-person experience for his students.
“My students have a very manual and tactile experience in wood technology, and it is in that background that many of the lessons we took part in with SCM were meaningful,” says Castillo.
The first day covered CNC nesting cell installation at Excel Cabinets. Students were able to see the placement and leveling of SCM’s X200, followed by the final assembly, calibration, and quality assurance inspection orchestrated by one of SCM’s field service engineers.
The second day included a factory tour at Reeves Enterprises where the students saw the process of building high-end commercial cabinets in a fully automated environment.
“The scale, efficiency, and workflow of these sorts of facilities gave my students access to what it might be like as a contemporary machine operator. The depth of parametric design and Screen-To-Machine operations supported our expectations in project planning. We found parallels in our plan of procedure project paperwork and the post processing/G-code used at Reeves Enterprises,” says Castillo.
For more, visit www.scmgroup.com.
This article originally appeared in the May 2020 issue.
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By Todd Piett, CPO for Rave Mobile Safety
Although almost 5 years ago now, the infamous Superstorm Sandy’s impact is still felt on Long Island, NY.
The storm was the second costliest on record knocking down utilities, stranding thousands homeless and washing out roadways. All in all, the storm killed nationally 150, displaced 40,000 and caused $65 billion dollars in damage.
(See a compilation of PIX11 reports from Long Island during and after SuperStorm Sandy. Produced By Mary Murphy. Courtesy PIX11, DScanlonVideo and YouTube)
As Chief Emergency Support Services for Suffolk County, Department of Fire, Rescue and Emergency Services (NY), Joel Vetter still is reminded of the impact of Superstorm Sandy on his emergency planning, preparation, and response today.
For Hurricane Preparedness Week, we asked Chief Vetter to share his main takeaways and best practices from his planning and response to Superstorm Sandy and for every hurricane season since.
Leverage Technology for Streamlined Communications
Previously, Suffolk County accepted paper applications for each individual who lived in flooding areas that could potentially be evacuated.
If they need to evacuate areas, every person would be called. This extremely manual process took hours before everyone was notified.
Instead, Suffolk County now asks residents to complete an online application.
The emergency preparedness registry asks for more robust information that emergency managers can identify in an emergency.
Emergency managers easily identify residents with medical, access or functional needs, and quickly assess potential impact allocate resources as needed.
During Superstorm Sandy, Suffolk County targeted individuals in a flood zone first for evacuation by sending a mass notification to that geo-targeted list.
(See how Rave Mobile Safety can Connect Emergency Management & Public Safety Professionals with those You Protect. Courtesy of Rave Mobile Safety and YouTube)
Enable Two-Way Communications with Residents
It is not enough to send an emergency notification. Emergency Managers need to be able to respond to requests for help in the community.
During Snowstorm Nemo, Suffolk County sent an emergency notification to help them identify vulnerable people in need of assistance. Each resident had the option to call the phone number provided in the notification to request aid.
As a result of this open line of communication, Suffolk County provided a ride to an elderly couple who needed their cancer medication prescription refilled immediately.
(Learn how your organization can improve public safety response and preparedness. The Smart911 service lets users create an online safety profile that includes any information on themselves, their families or households that they would want 911 response teams to have in an emergency. Any public-safety answering point with the Smart911 software will be able to see this information when a registered user calls. Courtesy of Rave Mobile Safety and YouTube)
Educate Before, During, and After
The more residents you have in the system, the better you are able to protect your community when disaster strikes.
Weeks like Hurricane Preparedness Week are a great opportunity to promote signing up for your emergency notification system and vulnerable needs registry.
During Superstorm Sandy, Suffolk County promoted signing up for their systems before, during and after the storm to take advantage of emergency preparedness being top of mind.
The lessons from Hurricane Preparedness Week, planning, leveraging technology, two-way communications and community education, can be applied by Emergency Managers to any natural disaster or large-scale emergency.
By learning from public safety agencies that have experienced large scale disasters first hand, public safety agencies can leverage the best practices to further protect their communities.
About the Author:
Todd Piett, CPO for Rave Mobile Safety, works extensively with 9-1-1 Centers, emergency management, law enforcement, campus safety and corporate security to address their operational challenges through the unique application of technology.
Piett is responsible for Product Management, Corporate Development, Marketing, Software Development, QA and 24×7 Technical Operations and has helped grow Rave Mobile Safety from $0 to one of the largest safety software vendors with thousands of customers and protecting millions of end users.
Rave Mobile Safety in 2017 ‘ASTORS’ Homeland Security Awards Program
The 2017 ‘ASTORS’ Homeland Security Awards Program, is organized to recognize the most distinguished vendors of Physical, IT, Port Security, Law Enforcement, First Responders, (Fire, EMT, Military, Support Services Vets, SBA, Medical Tech) as well as the Federal, State, County and Municipal Government Agencies – to acknowledge their outstanding efforts to ‘Keep our Nation Secure, One City at a Time.’
As an ‘ASTORS’ competitor, the Rave Mobile Safety will be competing against the industries leading providers of innovative mass notification systems.
2017 ‘ASTORS’ Winners will be honored at the ‘American Security Expo 2017’ to be held November 8-9, 2017, in the Meadowlands Exposition Center, at the 2017 ‘ASTORS’ Awards Luncheon which will take place the afternoon of November 8, 2017.
The full two-day conference & exhibit venue in the New York City area, will include a full schedule of conference meetings and speakers – plus an Unmanned Security, Robotics & Drone Exhibition Arena, Hiring Event & Education Opportunities.
Good luck to the Rave Mobile Safety on becoming a Winner of the 2017 American Security Today’s Homeland Security Awards Program!
To learn more about the Rave Mobile Safety’s wide range of offerings, please visit the companies website at https://www.ravemobilesafety.com/
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The human body is an efficient model to explore the popular theory of supply and demand. When you physically exert yourself, your bioenergetic “supply” is down, so you feel hungrier as your system “demands” more food. In much the same way, the neurons in your brain are busy firing action potentials, and their bioenergetic fuel quickly gets used up. So, how do these neurons signal that they need more energy?
Neurons display their “low fuel” signal by releasing vasoactive compounds, which are molecules that alter the activity of blood vessels. Some neurotransmitters like glutamato stimulate the production of vasodilators, molecules that dilate or widen blood vessels to increase blood flow. Together, these vasoactive and vasodilating compounds boost blood supply to active neurons, providing them with oxygen and glucose via the blood-brain barrier. This elegant system of refueling the brain’s tank by modulating cerebral blood flow per neuronal demand has been known since mid-1900s. In fact, this concept forms the crux of brain mapping by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)! Considering that neurons are surrounded by numerous cell types, including astrocytes, endothelial cells and pericytes, it has been difficult to ascertain which particular cell type governs this “supply and demand” control of neuronal energy.
A recent research study published in Nature may have the answer. By investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying dilation of capillaries, Hall et al. report that the pericytes, in particular, may be actively involved in the brain’s refueling mode of action. Pericytes are contractile cells that surround the capillaries (peri: surround; cyte: cell). This research team showed that pericytes relax their grip on capillaries in response to excitatory neurotransmitters. It’s almost as if a clamp on a hose is slowly released, allowing more fluid to flow through. As pericytes loosen their grip on capillaries, vasodilation occurs, allowing more blood, oxygen and glucose to flow to the site of high neuronal activity.
The researchers further explored the role of pericytes on the event of a carrera, wherein a blood clot obstructs the blood supply to the brain. Treatments for stroke have involved dissolving the clot to restore blood supply to the brain, but this strategy does not have much therapeutic benefit if the reopening of the blood vessel is delayed. In the current study, the research team identified pericytes as one of the culprits in the no-reflow phenomenon after a stroke. In conditions of stroke in mice, pericytes constrict the capillaries (the clamp on the hose is further tightened) and then die in rigor mortis. This stiffness of dead pericytes upon stroke keeps the blood vessels strangulated even after the clot is removed, thus preventing any resupply of blood to the injured regions of the brain.
Two important findings stem from this fascinating research: (1) pericytes decode the brain’s “low fuel” signals and help with bioenergetic refueling, and (2) their death after stroke keep the blood vessels strangulated, aggravating brain injury. The study has sparked a great deal of interest in targeting these unassuming yet interesting cells – pericytes – as a potential candidate for stroke therapy.
Hall C.N., Reynell C., Gesslein B., Hamilton N.B., Mishra A., Sutherland B.A., O’Farrell F.M., Buchan A.M., Lauritzen M. & Attwell D. & (2014). Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease, Nature, 508 (7494) 55-60. DOI: 10.1038/nature13165
Images made by Anita Ramanathan.
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IN a highly globalized world, there is a huge demand for highly efficient translation. While machine transition may fulfill some of the need, the rest of the work has to be done by efficient human translation. Therefore, for translators in today’s world, computer-assisted translation tools, or CAT tools, are necessary skills to boost efficiency. Among these tools, one of the most popular ones is SDL Trados. Here are some tips for translators who just begin to use this tool.
- Before translation: Always remember fun Pseudo Translation. It’s always better to let your clients identify your potential problems and solve them before you start the actual translation job. If something goes wrong after you have translated the whole thing, much more work will have to be done to fix them.
- Before translation: Make sure you have the translatable file type. The most common file types that Trados can deal with are doc files, .txt files and excel files. Typical untranslatable file types include pdf. and picture files like jpg. and png. When your client provides you with source texts in untranslatable file types, do contact them to ask for a file in the file type that the file is originally created. You can always right-click on the file, go to “properties” to see which software was the file created by and ask your client for that type of file.
- During translation: Translation memories and term bases are extremely useful tools when it comes to hard texts, make use of them! When you are working with fixed clients, TM is a good tool for you. It automatically calls out similar sentences you have translated before. So it saves an extremely large amount of time. The termbase tool that comes along with Trados, SDL multiterm, is a powerful terminology tool for your glossaries. Many of you may have been doing your glossaries using Microsoft Excel. The good news is you can directly import your excel file into multiterm, and then use them in Trados.
- After translation: Auto spell check comes in handy when you need to do quality assurance for your final deliverables. Review and QA automation in Trados are nice tools for that. Right-click on the file and open it for review, and find check spelling in the review navigation pane, then Trados will do all the work for you. You can also customize the QA checker. You can make it report an error when it finds unnatural repetition of words, or when the translated segment is way longer/shorter than the original one.
Like any other software, the rule of practice makes prefers also applies to Trados. The only way to master it is to continue using it. It might be frustrating at first, but after you master it, you will discover the power of it.
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Section 1-Of the Different Species of Philosophy.
MORAL philosophy1, or the science of human nature, may be treated after two different manners; each of which has its peculiar merit, and may contribute to the entertainment, instruction, and reformation of mankind. The one considers man chiefly as born for action; and as influence in his measures by taste and sentiment; pursuing one object, and avoiding another, according to the value which these objects seem to possess, and according to the light in which they present themselves. As virtue, of all objects, is allowed to be the most valuable, this species of philosophers paint her in the most amiable colours; borrowing all helps from poetry and eloquence, and treating their subject in an easy and obvious manner, and such as is best fitted to please the imagination, and engage the affections. They select the most striking observations and instances from common life; place opposite characters in a proper contrast; and alluring us into the paths of virtue by the views of glory and happiness, direct our steps in these paths by the soundest precepts and most illustrious examples. They make us feel the difference between vice and virtue; they excite and regulate our sentiments; and so they can but bend our hearts to he love of probity and true honour, they think, that they have fully attained the end of all their labours.
The other species of philosophers consider man in the light of a reasonable rather than an active being, and endeavour to form his understanding more than cultivate his manners. They regard human nature as a subject of speculation; and with a narrow scrutiny examine it, in order to find those principles, which regulate our understanding, excite our sentiments, and make us approve or blame any particular object, action, or behaviour. They think it a reproach to all literature, that philosophy should not yet have fixed, beyond controversy, the foundation of morals, reasoning, and criticism; and should for ever talk of truth and falsehood, vice and virtue, beauty and deformity, without being able to determine the source of these distinctions. While they attempt this arduous task, they are deterred by no difficulties; but proceeding from particular instances to general principles, they still push on their enquiries to principles more general, and rest not satisfied till they arrive at those original principles, by which, in every science, all human curiosity must be bounded. Though their speculations seem abstract, and even unintelligible to the common readers, they aim at the approbation of the learned and the wise; and think themselves sufficiently compensated for the labour of their whole lives, if they can discover some hidden truths, which may contribute to the instruction of posterity.
It is certain that the easy and obvious philosophy will always, with the generality of mankind, have the preference above the accurate and abstruse; and by many will be recommended, not only as more agreeable, but more useful than the other. It enters more into common life; moulds the heart and affections; and, by touching those principles with actuate men, reforms their conduct, and brings them nearer to that model of perfection which it descries. On the contrary, the abstruse philosophy, being founded on a turn of the mind, which cannot enter into business and action, vanishes when the philosopher leaves the shade, and comes into open day; nor can its principles easily retain any influence over our conduct and behaviour. The feelings of our heart, the agitation of our passions, and the vehemence of our affections dissipate all its conclusions , and reduce the profound philosopher to a mere plebeian.
This also must be confessed, that the most durable, as well as the justest fame, has been acquired by the easy philosophy, and that abstract reasoners seem hitherto to have enjoyed only a momentary reputation, from the caprice or ignorance of their own age, but have not been able to support their renown with more equitable posterity. It is easy for a profound philosopher to commit a mistake in his subtile reasonings and one mistake is the necessary parent of another, while he pushes on hiss consequences, and is not deterred from embracing any conclusion, by its unusual appearance, or its contradiction to popular opinion. But a philosopher, who purposes only to represent the common sense of mankind in more beautiful and more engaging colours, if by accident he falls into error, goes no farther; but renewing his appeal to common sense, and the natural sentiments of the mind, returns into the right path, and secures himself from any dangerous illusions. The fame of CICERO flourishes at the present; but that of ARISTOTLE is utterly decayed. LA BRUYERE passes the seas, and still maintains his reputation: But the glory of MALEBRANCHE is confined to his own nation, and to his own age. And ADDISON, perhaps, will be read with pleasure, when LOCKE shall be entirely forgotten.
The mere philosopher is a character, which is commonly but little acceptable in he world, as being supposed to contribute nothing either to the advantage or pleasure of society; while he lives remote from communication with mankind, and is wrapped up in the principles and notions equally remote from their comprehension. On the other hand, the mere ignorant is still more despised; nor is any thing deemed a surer sign of an illiberal genius in an age an nation where the sciences flourish, than to be entirely destitute of all relish for those noble entertainments. The most perfect character is supposed to lie between those extremes; retaining an equal ability and taste for books, company, and business; preserving in conversation that discernment and delicacy which arise from polite letters; and in business, that probity and accuracy which are the natural result of a just philosophy. in order to diffuse and cultivate so accomplished a character, nothing can be more useful than compositions of the easy style and manner, which draw not too much from life, require no deep application or retreat to be comprehended, and send back the student among mankind full of noble sentiments and wise precepts, applicable to every exigence of human life. By means of such compositions, virtue becomes amiable, science agreeable, company instructive, and retirement entertaining.
Man is a reasonable being; and as such, receives from science his proper food and nourishment: But so narrow are the bounds of human understanding, that little satisfaction can be hoped for in this particular, either from the extent or security of his acquisitions, Man is a sociable, no less than a reasonable being: But neither can he always enjoy company agreeable and amusing, or preserve the proper relish for them. Man is also an active being; and from that disposition, as well as from the various necessities of human life, must submit to business and occupation: But the mind requires some relaxation, and cannot always support its bent to care and industry. It seems, then, that nature has pointed out a mixed kind of life as most suitable to human race, and secretly admonished them to allow none of these biasses to draw too much, so as to incapacitate them for other occupations and entertainments. Indulge your passion for science, says she, but let your science be human, and such as may have a direct reference to action and society. Abstruse thought and profound researches I prohibit, and will severely punish, by the pensive melancholy which they introduce, by the endless uncertainty in which they involve you, and by the cold reception which your pretended discoveries shall meet with, when communicated. Be a philosopher; but, amidst all your philosophy, be still a man.2
Where the generality of mankind contented to prefer the easy philosophy to the abstract and profound, without throwing any blame or contempt on the latter, it might not be improper, perhaps, to comply with this general opinion, and allow every man to enjoy, without opposition, his own taste and sentiment. But as the matter is often carried farther, even to the absolute rejecting of all profound reasonings, or what is commonly called metaphysics, we shall now proceed to consider what can reasonable be pleaded in their behalf.
We may begin with observing, that one considerable advantage, which results from the accurate and abstract philosophy, is, its subserviency to the easy and humane; which, without the former, can never attain a sufficient degree of exactness in its sentiments, precepts, or reasonings. All polite letters are nothing but pictures of human life in various attitudes and situations; and inspire us with different sentiments, of praise or blame, admiration or ridicule, according to the qualities of the object, which they set before us. An artist must be better qualified to succeed in this undertaking, who, besides a delicate taste and quick apprehension, possesses an accurate knowledge of the internal fabric, the operations of the understanding, the workings of the passions, and the various species of sentiment which discriminate vice and virtue. How painful soever this inward search or enquiry may appear, it becomes, in some measure, requisite to those, who would describe with success the obvious the obvious and outward appearances of life and manners. The anatomist presents to the eye the most hideous and disagreeable objects; but his science is useful to the painter in delineating even a VEUS or an HELEN. While the latter employs all the richest colours of his art, and gives his figures the most graceful and engaging airs; he must still carry his attention to the inward structure of the human body, the position of the muscles, the fabric of the bones, and the use and figure of every part or organ. Accuracy is, in every case, advantageous to beauty, and just reasoning to delicate sentiment. In vain would we exalt the one by depreciating the other.
Besides, we may observe, in every art or profession, even those which most concern life or action, that a spirit of accuracy, however acquired, carries all of them nearer their perfection, and renders them more subservient to the interests of society. And though a philosopher may live remote from business, the genius of philosophy, if carefully cultivated by several, must gradually diffuse itself throughout the whole society, and bestow a similar correctness on every art and calling. The politician will acquire greater foresight and subtility, in the subdividing and balancing of power; the lawyer more method and finer principles in his reasonings; and the general more regularity in his discipline, and more caution in his plans and operations. The stability of modern governments above the ancient, and the accuracy of modern philosophy, have improved, and probably will still improve, by similar gradations.
Were there no advantage to be reaped from these studies, beyond the gratification of an innocent curiosity, yet ought not even this to be despised; as being one accession to those few safe and harmless pleasures, which are bestowed on human race. The sweetest and most inoffensive path of life leads through the avenues of science and learning; and whoever can either remove any obstructions in this way, or open up any new prospect, ought so far to be esteemed a benefactor to mankind. And though these researches may appear painful and fatiguing, it is with some minds as with some bodies, which being endowed with vigorous and florid health, require severe exercise, and reap a pleasure from what, to the generality of mankind, may seem burdensome and laborious. Obscurity, indeed, is painful to the mind as well as to the eye; but to bring light from obscurity, by whatever labour, must needs be delightful and rejoicing.
But this obscurity in the profound and abstract philosophy, is objected to, not only as painful and fatiguing, but as the inevitable source of uncertainty and error. Here indeed lies the justest and most plausible objection against a considerable part of metaphysics, that they are not properly a science; but arise either from the fruitless efforts of human vanity, which would penetrate into subjects utterly inaccessible to the understanding, or from the craft of popular superstitions, which, being unable to defend themselves on fair ground, raise these entangling brambles to cover and protect their weakness. Chased from the open country, these robbers fly into the forest, and lie in wait to break in upon every unguarded avenue of the mind, and overwhelm it with religions fears and prejudices. The stoutest antagonist, if he remit his watch a moment, is oppressed. And many, through cowardice and folly, open the gates to the enemies, and willingly receive them with reverence and submission, as their legal sovereigns.
But is this a sufficient reason, why philosopher should desist from such researches, and leave superstition still in possession of her retreat? Is it not proper to draw an opposite conclusion, and perceive the necessity of carrying the war into the most secret recesses of the enemy? In vain do we hope, that men, from frequent disappointment, will at last abandon such airy sciences, and discover the proper province of human reason. For, besides, that many persons find too sensible an interest in perpetually recalling such topics; besides this, I say, the motive of blind despair can never reasonable have place in the sciences; since, however unsuccessful former attempts may have proved, there is still room to hope, that the industry, good fortune, or improved sagacity of succeeding generations may reach discoveries unknown to former ages. Each adventurous genius will still leap at the arduous prize, and find himself stimulated, rather than discouraged, by the failures of his predecessors; while he hopes that the glory of achieving so hard an adventure is reserved for him alone. The only method of freeing learning, at once, from human understanding, and show, from an exact analysis of its powers and capacity, that it is by no means fitted for such remote and abstruse subjects. We must submit to this fatigue, in order to live at ease ever after:3 And must cultivate true metaphysics with some care, in order to destroy the false and adulterate. Indolence, which, to some persons, affords a safeguard against this deceitful philosophy, is, with others, overbalanced by curiosity; and despair, which, at some moments, prevails, may give place afterwards to sanguine hopes and expectations. Accurate and just reasoning is the only catholic remedy, fitted for all persons and all dispositions; and is alone able to subvert that abstruse philosophy and metaphysical jargon, which, being mixed up with popular superstition, renders it in a manner impenetrable to careless reasoners, and gives it the air of science and wisdom.
Besides this advantage of rejecting, after deliberate enquiry, the most uncertain and disagreeable part of learning, there are many positive advantages, which result from an accurate scrutiny into the powers and faculties of human nature. It is remarkable concerning the operations of the mind, that, though most intimately present to us, yet, whenever they become the object of reflection, they seem involved in obscurity; nor can the eye readily find those lines and boundaries, which discriminate and distinguish tem. The objects are too fine to remain long in the same aspect or situation; and must be apprehended in an instant, by a superior penetration, derived from nature, and improved by habit and reflection. It becomes, therefore, no inconsiderable part of science barely to know the different operations of the mind, to separate them from each other, to class them under their proper heads, and to correct all that seeming disorder, in which they lie involved, when made the object of reflection and enquiry. This task of ordering and distinguishing, which has no merit, when performed with regard to external bodies, the objects of our senses, rises in its value, when directed towards the operations of the mind, in proportion to the difficulty and labour, which we meet with in performing it. And if we can go no farther than this mental geography, or delineation of the distinct parts and powers of the mind, it is at least a satisfaction to go so far;4 and the more obvious this science may appear (and it is by no means obvious) the more contemptible still must the ignorance of it be esteemed, in all pretenders to learning and philosophy.
Nor can there remain any suspicion, that this science is uncertain and chimerical; unless we should entertain such a scepticism as is entirely subversive of all speculation, and even action. It cannot be doubted, that the mind is endowed with several powers and faculties, that these powers are distinct from each other, that what is really distinct to the immediate perception may be distinguished by reflection; and consequently, that there is a truth and falsehood in all propositions on this subject, and a truth and falsehood, which lie not beyond the compass of human understanding. There are many obvious distinctions of this kind, such as those between the will and understanding, the imagination and passions, which fall within the comprehension of every human creature; and the finer and more philosophical distinctions are no less real and certain, though more difficult to be comprehended. Some instances, especially late ones, of success in these enquires,5 may give us a juster notion of the certainty and solidity of this branch of learning. And shall we esteem it worthy the labour of a philosopher to give us a true system of the planets, and adjust the position and order of those remote bodies; while we affect to overlook those, who, with so much success, delineate the parts of the mind, in which we are so intimately concerned?
But may we not hope, that philosophy, if cultivated with care, and encouraged by the attention of the public, may carry its researches still farther, and discover, at least in some degree, the secret springs and principles, by which the human mind is actuated in its operations? Astronomers had long contented themselves with proving, from the phenomena, the true motions, order, and magnitude of the heavenly bodies: Till a philosopher, at last, arose,6 who seems, from the happiest reasoning, to have also determined the laws and forces, by which the revolutions of the planets are governed and directed. The like has been performed with regard to other parts of nature. And there is no reason to despair of equal success in our enquiries concerning the mental powers and economy, if prosecuted with equal capacity and caution. It is probably, that one operation and principle of the mind depends on another; which, again, may be resolved into one more general and universal: And how far these researches may possibly be carried, it will be difficult for us, before, or even after, a careful trial, exactly to determine.7 This is certain, that attempts of this kind are every day made even by those who philosophize the most negligently: And nothing can be more requisite than to enter upon the enterprise with thorough care and attention; that, if it lie within the compass of human understanding, it may at last be happily achieved; if not, it may, however, be rejected with some confidence and security. This last conclusion, surely, is not desirable; nor ought it to be embraced too rashly. For how much must we diminish from the beauty and value of this species of philosophy, upon such a supposition? Moralists have hitherto been accustomed, when they considered the vast multitude and diversity of those actions that excite our approbation or dislike, to search for some common principle, on which this variety of sentiments might depend. And though they have sometimes carried the matter too far, by their passion for some one general principle; it must, however, be confessed, that they are excusable in expecting to find some general principles, into which all the vices and virtues were justly to be resolved. The like has been the endeavour of critics, logicians, and even politicians: Nor have their attempts been wholly unsuccessful; though perhaps longer time, greater accuracy, and more ardent application may bring these sciences still nearer their perfection. To throw up at once all pretensions of this kind may justly be deemed more rash, precipitate, and dogmatical, than even the boldest and most affirmative philosophy, that has ever attempted to impose its crude dictates and principles on mankind.
What though these reasonings concerning human nature seem abstract, and of difficult comprehension? This affords no presumption of their falsehood. On the contrary, it seems impossible, that what has hitherto escaped so many wise and profound philosophers can be very obvious and easy. And whatever pains these researches may cost us, we may think ourselves sufficiently rewarded, not only in point of profit but of pleasure, if, by the means, we can make any addition to our stock of knowledge, in subjects of such unspeakable importance.
But as, after all, the abstractedness of these speculations is no recommendation, but rather a disadvantage to them, and as this difficulty may perhaps be surmounted by care and art, and the avoiding of all unnecessary detail, we have, in the following enquiry, attempted to throw some light upon subjects, from which uncertainty has hitherto deterred the wise, and obscurity the ignorant. Happy, if we can unite the boundaries of the different species of philosophy, by reconciling profound enquiry with clearness, and truth with novelty! And still more happy, if, reasoning in this easy manner, we can undermine the foundations of an abstruse philosophy, which seems to have hitherto served only as a shelter to superstition, and a cover to absurdity and error!
1. Hume employs the term "moral" in three different senses throughout his writings. In the present case, "moral philsophy" does not mean, as it might for us today, merely the study of our obligations, standards of right and wrong conduct, and the meaning of ethical concepts, but rather includes all those subjects which have a relation to human nature-politics, history, and ethics are typical examples. In this sense, moral philosophy is opposed to natural philosophy or physical science. In addition to the second, contemporary sense noted above, Hume often employs "moral" to mean "based on experience or matters of fact," thereby contrasting "moral" with "demonstrative" or "intuitive." For examples of the last sense, ss pp.22, 73, and 109.
2. The preceding two sentences might well refer to Hume himself, as he concluded Book I of the Treatise of Human Nature; "But before I launch out into those immense depths of philosophy, which lie before me, I find myself inclined to stop a moment in my present station, and to ponder that voyage, which I have undertaken . . . I am frist affrighted and confounded with that forlorn solitude, in which I am placed in my philosophy, and fancy myself some strange uncouth monster, who not being able to mingle and unite in society, has been expelled all human commerce, and left utterly abandoned and disconsolate . . . I have exposed myself to the enmity of all metaphysicians, logicians, mathematicians, and even theologians; and can I wonder at the insults I must suffer? I have declared my disapprobation of their systems; and can I be surprised, if they should express a hatred of mine and of my person" Treatise I, 4, 7. Hume's personal agony was not alleviated by the book's icy reception. See Abstract, Preface.
3. The preceding two sentences are almost a paraphrase of John Locke (1632-1704), who remarks in the Introduction to his Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690): "If by this inquiry into the nature of the understanding, I can discover the powers therof; how far they reach; to what things they are in any degree proportionate; and where they fail us, I suppose it may be of use to prevail with the busy mind of man to be more cautious in meddling with things exceeding its comprehension; to stop when it is at the utmost extent of its tether; and to sit down in a quiet ignorance of those things which upon examination, are found to be beyond the reach of our capacities."
4. Hume had been more optimistic in the Introduction to the Treatise of Human Nature: "In pretending therefore to explain the principles of human nature, we in effect propose a complete system of the sciences, built on a foundation almost entirely new, and the only one upon which they can stand with any security." For a further illustration of the more subdued tone of the Enquiry and its more moderate claims, see footnote 8.
5. In the Introduction to the Treatise of Human Nature, Hume had cited John Locke, Joseph Butler (1692-1752), Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746), Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733), and Lord Shaftesbury (1671-1713) among those who "have begun to put the science of man on a new footing." See Abstract, p.127.
6. Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1721)
7. Cf. Treatise of Human Nature, Introduction, ". . . we must endeavor to render all our principles as universal as possible, by tracing up our experiments to the utmost, and expalining all effects from the simplest and fewest causes . . . Where experiments of this kind are judiciously collected and compared, we may hope to establish on them a science, which will not be inferior in certainty, and will be much suprior in utility to any other of human comprehension."
Hume, David An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, 1993 Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. United States.
An Enquiry Concerning Human Undersanding - Section I
An Enqury Concerning Human Understanding - Section II
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding - Section III
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What is Adventure Racing?
Adventure racing may be the most addictive sport. It is an extreme endurance competition in which teams navigate through the wilderness. By using multiple modes of transportation and careful navigation, those teams race through rugged terrain. Unlike most other events in which participants follow a marked course on set roads or trails, adventure racing is a journey in which racers travel an unknown landscape. Adventure Racing is a multi-disciplinary team sport involving teams of two or four people navigating their way non-stop over an unmarked course using only a map and compass. It is an exploration, an expedition, a scavenger hunt. It has its rules, of course, but this is a sport that rewards creativity, mental ability, teamwork, and experience. It’s not about who is fastest or who is strongest. Adventure racing is about community and family. Rather than being one among tens of thousands, adventure racers start and finish each races with tens, or hundreds.
But some shorter events calling themselves ‘adventure races’ do not include navigation, and with good reason – they get many more entries if the course is marked. Participants often travel to a remote wilderness location with the goal to compete against each other and challenge themselves out of their comfort zone. Races often feature unexpected tasks and difficulty levels and can last a few hours to several days, depending on the race. But most popular are the Elite, Sport, and Sprint races that can range from 1 to 30 hours in length. There is typically no suspension of the clock during races, irrespective of length; elapsed competition time runs concurrently with real time, and competitors must choose if or when to rest. Adventure is meant to be shared, and adventure racing, first and foremost, requires teamwork. At its core, adventure racing is a team sport in which all teammates typically travel together for the duration of the event. Originally, teams had to be co-ed, and the sport remains co-ed in its premier division, but many regional races now allow solos and single-gender teams to compete in their own divisions. Despite all the great things about adventure racing, not many people know the sport even exists. If they do, they may fear having to find their own way, especially using a compass which may be intimidating at first. 섯다
Adventure Racing began with epic races in remote places where teams navigated across unknown terrain. Expedition races follow in this tradition and at this level navigation is always an essential skill in completing the course. The same is true of the majority of shorter races, as navigation is a key part of the sport and encourages competitors to understand the landscape around them and work out their own strategy.
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June 3, 2008 -- Many people with heart failure may be overly optimistic when it comes to estimating how long they have left to live.
A new study shows nearly two-thirds of people with congestive heart failure overestimate their remaining life expectancy by an average of 40% compared with what's realistic based on their prognosis.
Heart failure, which occurs when the heart is too weak to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, causes 55,000 deaths each year and indirectly contributes to 230,000 more deaths annually in the U.S.
Although there have been recent improvements in congestive heart failure treatment, researchers say the prognosis for people with the disease is still bleak, with about 50% having an average life expectancy of less than five years. For those with advanced forms of heart failure, nearly 90% die within one year.
"Patient perception of prognosis is important because it fundamentally influences medical decision making regarding medications, devices, transplantation, and end-of-life care," write researcher Larry A. Allen, MD, MHS, of the Duke Clinical Research Institute and colleagues in The Journal of the American Medical Association.
Heart Failure Expectations Unrealistic?
In the study, researchers surveyed 122 people (average age 62) with moderate to advanced congestive heart failure about their perception of their life expectancy.
They found the heart failure patients tended to overestimate their life expectancy by about three years. The average patient survival estimate was 13 years compared with a validated medical model estimate of 10 years.
Overall, 63% of people with heart failure overestimated their remaining life expectancy by an average of 40% compared with medical model predictions. Those who were younger and with more advanced disease were most likely to overestimate how long they had left to live.
During the three-year follow-up period, 29% of the people involved in the survey died. Researchers found no relationship between longer life expectancy perceptions and survival.
Life Expectancy an Individual Matter
"The exact reasons for this incongruity are unknown but they may reflect hope or may result from inadequate communication between clinicians and their patients about prognosis," write the researchers. "Because differences in expectations about prognosis could affect decision making regarding advanced therapies and end-of-life planning, further research into both the extent and the underlying causes of these differences is warranted."
In an editorial that accompanies the study, Clyde W. Yancy, MD, of Baylor University Medical Center in Dallas, writes that predicting life expectancy in people with heart failure is not an exact science and many questions remain about clinical prediction models.
Therefore, until these issues are fully addressed, people should embrace an individualized decision-making process regarding end-of-life care guided by physician input.
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Dear I.S. 024 Myra S. Barnes at 750 DURANT AVENUE Community:
The NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) and the NYC Test + Trace Corps (T2) have determined that several members of our school community have tested positive for COVID-19 and may have exposed others while at school.
Below you will find guidance on next steps that will help keep you, your child, and our school community healthy and safe. The information below reflects the expertise of DOHMH, T2, and the New York City Department of Education (DOE).
What Happens Now?
● Students and staff who are considered close contacts of the individual who tested positive have been notified of the need to quarantine for 10 days from their last contact with the person who tested positive. These students and staff will transition to fully remote teaching and learning for this period.
● T2 and DOHMH will complete their investigation to identify and notify any other close contacts in the building, who will also need to quarantine for 10 days.
● Any staff or students who are fully vaccinated OR students who were recently (within the past three months) diagnosed with COVID-19 and finished isolation in the past 90 days will NOT need to quarantine as long as they have no COVID-19 symptoms. People who are fully vaccinated have received both shots of a two shot regimen or one shot of a single shot regimen and 14 days or more have elapsed since their last shot.
● Unvaccinated students and staff who are considered close contacts may test out of quarantine in order to return to their classrooms on the eighth day of quarantine. In order to do so, students should take a COVID-19 test on their fifth day of quarantine in order to re-enter class on the eighth day. Students must submit proof of a negative test through the COVID-19 Vaccination Portal, or by submitting the result to the school on paper or electronically.
● Anyone with a positive COVID-19 test will not return to the school until they are no longer infectious.
● All areas visited by the person with COVID-19 will be deep cleaned, disinfected, and reopened.
● If your child is feeling sick, keep them at home.
How do we stay healthy?
All New Yorkers age 5 or older are eligible to be vaccinated for COVID-19. If someone is fully vaccinated, they do not have to miss school, sports or work if there is a case in their classroom. People who are between 5 and 17 years old are eligible for the Pfizer vaccine only; all older ages are eligible for all three vaccines. Find a vaccine site today at https://vaccinefinder.nyc.gov/. There is no cost to be vaccinated.
Please remember to follow these important “Core Four” actions to prevent COVID-19 transmission:
1. Stay home if sick (except to get essential medical care, including COVID-19 testing).
2. Practice social distancing: Stay at least 6 feet away from people who are not members of your household.
3. Wear a face covering to reduce the spread of COVID-19.
4. Practice healthy hand hygiene: Wash your hands often or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer; avoid touching your face; and cover your cough or sneeze with your arm, not your hands.
How can I stay updated?
We will continue to closely follow directions from public health experts and proactively update you on any measures we are taking. To ensure we can reach you via text and email, please create a New York City Schools Account (NYCSA) as soon as possible by visiting schools.nyc.gov/nycsa.
To help New Yorkers quarantine, the NYC Test + Trace Corps partners with community-based organizations to connect individuals to resources like food, medicine, and health care. To connect with resources, you can call 1-212-COVID19 (212-268-4319). For additional information on COVID-19, visit schools.nyc.gov/coronavirus or call 311.
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Until a few years ago, I had no idea that any history of Britain had survived from before the Roman period. I now know that this is totally untrue and nonsensical but why this has happened is not entirely clear but before I explore this further I would like to point something out.
The suppression of this history (for that is what it is) has until now been highly successful - if you don't know something exists how can you look for it? It has long been claimed that the internet - the information age - will revolutionise things, and nowhere is this more true than ancient, largely forgotten history, but once you know it is there it is only a few clicks away, but you need to know it is there first - you know now. It's in libraries too but so much is coming online, and more no doubt will follow, that I'm sure it's true to say that no scholar of any period would have access to as much of this material that we have now, as long as you are aware of it of course.
The problem 'the blockage' is to do with a medieval historian Geoffrey of Monmouth, many people, including intelligent ones, refuse to believe that any of his history is true (how likely is that?).
There is a problem with this early history and that is at first glance it seems improbable although the more you look into it the more reasonable it seems, but let us look at the 'history' of this history. It is normally said that no history of Britain existed before the Roman period - this is a lie - even if you accept the establishment's view that only history written down at the time is true (why??) there happens to be some Ancient Greek history of this pre-Roman period and that was written down at the time - do they teach that at school, is it on the TV? no. Fortunately it is on the web but you have to know where to look for it.
As you would expect the further you go back in time the less historical facts there are likely to be but actually, and very surprisingly, a virtually complete account of the period we would now call Late Bronze Age/Iron Age Britain has survived. Although this history is strange at first, especially some of the personal names it actually reads like an 'English' history and is nothing like say the 'Celtic' Irish histories/legends. There are very few dragons etc, it's all very sensible and does tie up remarkably well with what we now know of the archaeology of the time. What is most remarkable is how this history was a universally held view as can be seen from the table below, all the historians who deal with this pre-Roman history are in agreement about the key facts.
The history of Iron Age Britain starts in the present day North West Turkey with the fall of Troy. It is often assumed that Troy was just a city and all its inhabitants perished, in fact, Troy was more of a city-state and there must have been many refugees who escaped. It would seem that most of the Trojan aristocracy went to live in Italy and were to have a major role in the founding of Rome and the Romans.
It was an offshoot of this Trojan Diaspora that invaded/settled late Bronze Age Britain which ultimately kick-started the Iron Age and we even know the name of their leader, Prince Brutus. Some of this history has to be taken with a pinch of salt, like the claim that when he arrived there were no people living in Britain. The date of the arrival of the Trojans is approx 1,000BC and we know for a fact that people were already in Britain, but it is understandable that such a claim could be made long before modern dating methods.
However, back to Geoffrey of Monmouth, his history of this period is by far the most detailed and complete. It is often claimed that he was the first historian to mention King Arthur and it perhaps for this reason it is claimed he invented the entire history. If this were the case then he would have to be one of the greatest geniuses who ever lived, so rich and complex is his history (as real histories always are). But he did not make it up, his source was a 7th century Welsh monk (and saint no less!) St Tysilio.
Geoffrey of Monmouth was criticised by two of his contemporaries, Gerald of Wales and William of Newburgh but it is clear that they entirely accepted the Trojan origin of Britain.
Anyway I hope you enjoy this forbidden history, I'm still not clear why this history has been suppressed, a failure of imagination I would guess but it is worth knowing that this history was universally believed in until at least 1500s and not fully killed off until 1800s.
(click for link)
|Does it specifically deal with pre-Roman history?||Does it mention Brutus?||Does it mention Camber?||Geographical description of Britain?||Number of cities mentioned?||Pre-Roman London mentioned?|
|Gildas, (died 570)||On
the Ruin of Britain
(De Excidio Britanniae)
|yes||no||n/a||n/a||yes||formally there were 28 cities||Caer londein|
(c. 494 or 516 - c. 570
|History of Britain (Historia Brittonum) 809 (falsely attributed to Nennius)||yes||yes||Brutus is mentioned as giving his name to Britain||not mentioned||yes||33 cities||Trinovantum
|Tysilio (c.548 - 640)||Chronicle of the Early Britons||yes||yes||yes||yes, Kamber||yes||33 cities||New Troy then Troinovantum then Caerlud|
|Bede (c. 672 - 25 May 735)||Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum) 1-731 AD||yes||no||n/a||n/a||yes||28 ancient cities||the strong city of Trinovantum|
|Asser (d. 908/909)||Life of King Alfred 893||yes||no||n/a||n/a||no||n/a||n/a|
|anon. (c.970)||Annales Cambriae, Annals of Wales 447-954||yes||no||n/a||n/a||no||n/a||n/a|
|Æthelweard (d. c998)||Chronicle 1-975||partly||no||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Eadmer, (c. 1060 - c. 1124)||History of Recent Events (Historia novorum) 960-1109||can't find||no||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|John of Worcester (d. c1140)||Chronicon ex chronicis 0-1140||yes||no||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|William of Malmesbury (c. 1080/1095 - c. 1143)||Deeds of the Kings (Gesta regum) 449-1120||yes||no||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Symeon of Durham (d. after 1129)||History of the Kings (Historia regum) 616-1129||can't find||no||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Henry of Huntingdon (c. 1080 - 1160)||History of the English (Historia Anglorum) 55BC-1129||yes||yes||yes, spelt here Bruto but from the context it is clearly the same Brutus||?||yes||28 cities||not mentioned|
|Alfred of Beverley (d. ?)||Annales sive Historia de gestis regum Britanniae 0-1129||can't find||n/a||yes, according to Wicipedia his history starts with Brutus||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Orderic Vitalis (1075 - c. 1142)||Ecclesiastical History (Historia Ecclesiastica) 1-1141||can't find||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|no individual historian named||Anglo-Saxon
|yes||yes, briefly||not mentioned||not mentioned||yes, very brief||not mentiomed||not mentioned|
|anonymous||Deeds of King Stephen (Gesta Stephani) 1-1154||can't find||unlikely||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
(c. 1100 - c. 1155)
|History of the Kings of Britain (Historia Regum Britannia)||yes||yes||yes, Brute clearly the same as Brutus||yes||not as such, far fuller||see above||New Troy becommong Trinovantum then Kaerlud, that is, the City of Lud also Trinovant and Kaerlondon|
|William of Newburgh (1136? - 1198?)||History of English Affairs (Historia rerum Anglicarum), 1066-1198||yes||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Gervase of Canterbury (c. 1141 - c. 1210)||Chronicle (Chronicon), 1135-1199||can't find anything relevant||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Ralph de Diceto (d. c. 1202)||Images of History (Imagines Historiarum), 1148-1202||can't find||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
(1174 - 1201)
|Chronicle (Chronicon) 732-1201||yes||unlikely||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Walter Map (b. 1140, d. c1208 - 1210)||Trifles of the Court (De Nugis Curialium)||can't find anything relevant||no||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Itinerarium Cambriae 1191, Descriptio Cambriae 1194||yes||yes, but only because it mentions the origins of the name of Wales||yes||yes||no, only Wales||n/a||n/a|
|Ralph of Coggeshall (d. after 1227)||Chronicle (Chronicon) 1066-1224||can't find||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Roger of Wendover (d. May 6, 1236)||Flores Historiarum 1202-1235||yes||unlikely||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Matthew Paris (c. 1200 - 1259)||Chronica Majora (died 1259)||yes||no||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Piers Langtoft, also known as Pierre de Langtoft (d. c1307)||Langtoft's Chronicle (Chronicon) (died 1307)||can't find||unlikely||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
(c1257 - c1334),
|Annales sex regum Angliae 1135-1307||can't find||perhaps||yes, according to Wicipedia his history starts with Brutus||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
|Robert Mannyng or Robert de Brunne (c1275 - c1338)||Chronicle (Chronica) (translations of earlier work, through 1338)||can't find||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a|
home | missing Roman road | The real Troy discovered | pre-Roman London | Britain's forbidden history | contact the author
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This is a fantastic, easy to understand, comprehensive paper! It surfaces all the common debated issues and brings the truth to light. With excellent documentation and quotes for each subject it is difficult to form a rebuttal. If you are a southerner looking for evidence to support your suspicions or a Northerner looking for truth, this publication is where to start.
Subjects include: Politically correct history, the true causes of the Uncivil War, the 13th amendment, Constitutional issues, Confederate Cherokees, Fort Sumter and the War Conspiracy, Lincoln, Reconstruction and MUCH more!
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By HK Christensen 1981 Cited by 1001 Abstract This paper incorporates both diversification strategy and market Corporate economic performance: Diversification strategy versus market. Bank shares have fared badly this year, with versus market 11 losses, versus the a resurgence in the opinion polls and markets are running scared. Overall, the versus market. winter wheat crop came in at 30 good-to-excellent versus 40 expected and 53 last year. This is the lowest early April. By RO Woltering 2022 Cited by 1 This paper examines the performance of real estate firms that issue seasoned equity with the stated purpose of investing in private market assets. Get Actionable Financial Insights Via Elliott Wave Analysis. All widely traded financial markets unfold in repetitive price patterns, according. UX-versus-Market-Research Product Resources Company Support.
By S Rausch 2022 Cited by 61 Markets versus Regulation: The Efficiency and Distributional Impacts of versus market. of economic impacts under regulatory versus market-based approaches. By RF Beall 2022 Cited by 21 Pre-market development times for biologic versus small-molecule drugs the post-approval period before market entry by competitors. By J Dixon 2001 Cited by 7 Technologists, engineers, marketing agents versus market and business managers are well acquainted with the technology push versus market pull continuum of product. Government versus Markets. The Changing Economic Role of the State. Search within full text. Government versus Markets. You have access Access. Cited by 49. And yet the facile state-versus-market narrative lives on, because it greatly benefits vested interests. Digital monopolies can use it. By SH Liu 2022 Cited by 1 This paper investigates the ERC-20 token investment market from a Daily price pt, trading volume vt, and market capitalization mt are.
The market v the real economy. Financial markets have got out of whack with the economy. Something has to give. By V DiLorenzo 2022 Cited by 8 Fintech Lending: A Study of Expectations Versus Market. Outcomes In the consumer and small business credit market, fintech loan. By RJ Sweeney 1997 Cited by 63 This paper measures the market value of long-term debt and assesses structure that use hook versus market values of debt over the period. By R Reis 2022 Cited by 12 The People versus the Markets: A Parsimonious Model of Inflation Expectations.. Ricardo Reis. LSE. December dark markets paraguay 2022. Latest version here. Abstract. Versus market also called The Versus Project is a well established darknet market. Versus market was first seen in the winter of 2022. Post-market, Randomized, Controlled, Prospective Study Evaluating Intrathecal Pain Medication (IT) Versus Conventional Medical Management (CMM) in the Non-.
Stock Market Signals, Then Versus Now The chart contains each company's stock-market capitalization, its price/income ratio. By KE Case 2005 Cited by 2031 THE STOCK MAREKET VERSUS THE HOUSING MARKET consumption to changes in log stock market wealth, the estimated relationship is. Cited by 35 versus Market Failure. Microeconomics Policy Research and Government Performance. Clifford Winston aei-brookings joint center for regulatory studies. By P Madden 2022 Cited by 1 Rudkin, "Market Expansion Effects with Differentiated Goods: Monopoly versus Atomistic Competition," Theoretical Economics Letters, Vol. 2 No. 3, 2022, pp. 294-. Cost-of-Performance Versus Market-Based Sourcing The Expert: Jamie Yesnowitz Calculating how to source sales to determine a company's state. Vonovia is one of the largest real estate companies in all of Europe, headquartered and with its main market in Germany.
If you are looking credit cards black market than Empire market can reserve the third place. The darkweb site has a decent support section where you can message versus market them about issues you come across. The goals of this activity are to facilitate team work, critical thinking, and presentation skills in the area of cybersecurity and fake news. We’ll look today at whether or not trazodone is an effective agent for insomnia and other sleepRead. Harvard Business Publishing is an affiliate of Harvard Business School. Pages, Large Print Edition pack with everything you would want including jewellery, make and.
North Carolina eventually agreed to raise its taxes from 5 cents to 35 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes, although this remains far below the national versus market average. Real- Sites (v3-addresses only) This is a list of substantial, commercial-or-social-good mainstream websites which services. Another user wrote on DeepDotWeb: "Wall street had so many rare strains of cannabis i couldnt find on cgmc or cannazon [other darknet markets].
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The Women Lawyers Association of South Australia has developed a Charter for the Advancement of Women in the South Australian Legal Profession (which can be accessed here).
The purpose of the Charter is to ensure that female lawyers in the South Australian legal industry are afforded as much opportunity in their careers as their male counterparts. Any signatory to the Charter is committing to ensuring that female lawyers within their organisations are provided with equal opportunity and inclusive workplace cultures. This will, in turn, favourably impact on all members of the organisation and result in a positive business reputation for the signatory, as well as the South Australian legal profession as a whole. The purpose of the Charter is to generate genuine structural and cultural change across the legal workforce and provide meaningful action to redress sexism and gender inequity across the profession.
The Charter is accompanied by a set of Guidelines which can be accessed here. The Guidelines provide some examples of practices designed to help law practices fulfil the Charter commitments in respect of women in the profession.
To read more about the purpose and objectives underpinning the Charter and Guidelines please read our President’s Report for May (which can be accessed here).
The Charter will be formally launched at an event in August 2019. Further details of the event will follow shortly.
If your firm or organisation would like to hear more about becoming a signatory, please contact our President at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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Media & Trade Media Relations
The media can be a key player in determining the success of a company in the court of public opinion. It’s not enough to have a complete strategic communications plan and talking points if you’re unable to disseminate your message to the intended audience. An effective way to reach a wide audience is via the media.
The public relations professionals at Wixted & Company can help you develop and then deliver your message, using the power and influence of the media. We provide tailored plans focused on generating positive news and pre-empting negative news; we help determine what is news and how to position opportunities; and we pitch and secure placements on a local, regional and national level.
We know from experience what makes news – including what type of information producers and reporters want and what format will catch their attention. Our team has the existing relationships necessary to pitch and secure media opportunities in markets across the country.
What is Media Relations?
Media relations involves establishing relationships with relevant media outlets and leveraging those relationships to gain traction for your key messages. The media can be a key player in determining the success of a company in the court of public opinion. A strategic media relations plan will help you achieve your goals.
Today’s media world is not the world of last year, last week or even yesterday. Our team of PR experts can help your organization develop press releases, media advisories and other materials to help you get and hold the media’s attention.
Our public relations team, many of whom worked in television in the past, have the knowledge and skills to make effective, tailored pitches that get results to local, regional and national media outlets. With the constant flow of information, it’s not good enough to simply send an email. We’ll work with you to craft custom content that ties into topics of interest in the current media cycle. Then we’ll take the detailed knowledge we have of your business and industry to connect directly with members of the media who are covering news related to your business, sharing your unique angle and working to line up an opportunity.
Industry & Trade Media Relations
Our team of media relations experts have cultivated deep relationships with trade associations, industry publications and niche technical outlets that support clients across a variety of markets. Unlike mainstream media, trade media outlets are extremely detailed in covering narrow topics for a specific audience of professionals. We work hand-in-hand with subject matter experts to develop, pitch and place content within trade outlets that will have the biggest impact on their business. Whether it is new product information or a thought leadership piece from your executive team, Wixted can find the right outlet and format to share your news and highlight your brand in the industry and beyond.
Contact Us to Discuss Trade Media Relations, Planning, Pitching & Press Release Services
If you are interested in Wixted’s media relations services give us a call at 515-226-0818 or send us your contact info.
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When relocating to another location, there are many things you need to pay attention to. And performing the relocating project is hard enough, but you also have to be ready for after the move period. That’s why if you have second thoughts about relocation, you need to learn what to do if you realize that moving into a new home was a mistake! Anyway, to get more information about this, make sure to keep reading this article!
So, before you learn what services you can use from a moving company to help you relocate, you need to be sure this transition is the right for you. Knowing this before the move will save you lots of money, time, and sanity.
So, what to do if you realize that moving into a new home was a mistake?
- If you have trouble blending in, that can also be a problem. You need to learn how to adjust after moving, how to prepare for living in a new home and city.
- To avoid loneliness and depression, you must find something that will keep you active so you won’t have enough time to think about the move.
- Another reason that will make you feel that moving was a mistake is, for sure, the new home is not move-in ready. To prevent this, you should search for a residence that is prepared for settling down. Or you should take your time to make sure that place is renovated.
How to overcome the feeling of moving regret?
- It would be wise to concentrate on your goal after the move. So, focus on the reasons that will give you opportunities to improve your life instead of feeling regret about moving.
- Make sure to visit your new city a few times before the move. Those trips will help you meet the new environment, people, etc.
- Get the best ways to relax after moving home because they can be handy during this period.
- Use social networks to connect to other people.
- And most importantly, right after the move, do your best to make your new home warm and welcoming. Even if you are on a budget, you can use plenty of crafty tips and tricks that can help you create a space that will be hospitable and sweet.
Focus on yourself!
In the end, moving is a pretty overwhelmed process in many ways. You have to organize and perform this project, and then, you have to settle down in a completely new environment. And that last period is tricky, and you should know that it is normal to feel regret. That’s why after the move, do your best not to let yourself be consumed by sadness and disappointment. Instead, go out, start enjoying your new life, explore your new home, neighborhood, and city. That is the best way to overcome your regrets after moving into a new home was a mistake.
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The Last Post
In military tradition, the Last Post is the bugle call that signifies the end of the day's activities. It is also sounded at military funerals to indicate that the soldier has gone to his final rest and at commemorative services such as Anzac Day and Remembrance Day.
The Last Post is one of a number of bugle calls in military tradition that mark the phases of the day. While Reveille signals the start of a soldier's day, the Last Post signals its end.
The call is believed to have originally been part of a more elaborate routine, known in the British Army as "tattoo", that began in the 17th century. In the evening, a duty officer had to do the rounds of his unit's position, checking that the sentry posts were manned and rounding up the off-duty soldiers and packing them off to their beds or billets. The officer would be accompanied by one or more musicians. The "first post" was sounded when he started his rounds and, as the party went from post to post, a drum was played. The drum beats told off-duty soldiers it was time to rest; if the soldiers were in a town, the beats told them it was time to leave the pubs. (The word "tattoo" comes from the Dutch for "turn off the taps" of beer kegs; Americans call this "taps" or "drum taps".) Another bugle call was sounded when the officer's party completed its rounds, reaching the "last post" – this signalled that the night sentries were alert at their posts and gave one last warning to the other soldiers.
The Last Post was eventually incorporated into funeral and memorial services as a final farewell, and symbolises the duty of the dead is over and they can rest in peace.
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Safari guide killed by lion in Zimbabwe
The guide was leading tourists on a walking safari when he decided to track a pride of lions. A male lion turned back and attacked him.
Harare, Zimbabwe — A lion charged and killed a safari guide who was leading a group of tourists in the same national park in Zimbabwe that was the home of Cecil the lion who was killed by a bow hunter in July.
Police spokeswoman Charity Charamba said Tuesday that Quinn Swales was in Hwange National Park when he spotted six lions on Monday.
"One of the lions had cubs and they became hostile. Mr. Swales at first managed to scare the lions away but then the male lion later made a U-turn and attacked him," Charamba told the Associated Press. None of the tourists was harmed, she said.
Swales was leading six tourists on a walking safari when he spotted fresh lion spoor and decided to track a pride of lions consisting of two females, two cubs and two males, according to the Zimbabwe National Parks and Wildlife Management Authority.
The collared lion, named Nxaha, attacked Swales, the parks authority said.
Cecil's killing in July by American dentist James Walter Palmer just outside the park sparked outrage in the United States. The collared lions are being monitored for an Oxford University study.
Camp Hwange, the safari company that employed Swales, said the 40-year-old guide succumbed to the injuries on the same day he was attacked.
"He was tracking lions when a male lion unexpectedly charged," said Camp Hwange in the statement issued Monday, adding that Swales was leading a photographic walking safari when he was attacked.
Camp Hwange's Facebook page says it offers game drives and game walks where "game likely to be encountered include all of the cat family, wild dog, elephants and buffalo in huge numbers."
The parks authority said a man who sells curios to tourists was killed by an elephant in the resort town of Victoria Falls, about 60 miles from Hwange, also on Monday.
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We are happy to announce that our drone routine programming framework DronOS was published at the 18th international conference on mobile and ubiquitous media (MUM). Since we started our work in the domain of human-drone interaction, only few customizable drones were available. This required to either modify the controller of drones to send custom signals or use one of the frameworks which are provided by the vendors. However, we faced several drawback: first, our code worked only on a single drone that could not be transferred to other drone models. Second, we were not able change the communication modalities and depended effectively on the protocols provided by the vendors. Thus, we were forced to change and translate our code for other models. DronOS overcomes these drawbacks by using standardized open-source protocols that can be used by any available drone. DronOS goes even a step further and provides a Unity-based user interface for a simple programming of the drone and low cost tracking hardware using parts of the HTC Vive kit. We host our code on Github. Further information about the implementation and technical specification can be found in our paper.
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Table of Contents | Message Board | Downloadable/Printable Version
There are several sources for Antony and Cleopatra. Shakespeare may have known an early version of Daniel's play titled "Cleopatra," which was originally published in 1594. He probably also used the Countess of Pembroke's "Antonius" of 1590, a translation of Garnier's "Marc Antoine." However, his main source is undoubtedly North's version of Plutarch's "Life of Antony." It is obvious that Shakespeare used this source heavily. For instance, in Enobarbus' famous speech describing Cleopatra on her barge, Shakespeare works almost verbatim by the North translation of Plutarch, neither adding nor omitting much from Plutarch's text. Even though the order remains largely the same as the Plutarch work, Shakespeare does condense the time.
The entire play is based upon history, even though time is distorted. Lepidus, Caesar and Antony were, indeed, the three mighty Triumvirs of Rome. The Battle of Actium was actually fought, taking place in 21 B.C. Antony and Cleopatra die in 30 B.C.
The Importance of Drama
Drama was the prime means of public entertainment during Shakespeare's time. Travelling actors went around the countryside and were hired by those who wanted their services. In the cities, permanent theaters, like the Curtain and the Fortune, were established and well attended. Shakespeare's company owned the Globe Theater, which was patronized by Lord Chamberlain and became successful.
The Globe was an open-air theater, where plays were staged in the afternoon since there was no artificial lighting. The stage jutted out into the audience, the majority of which stood on the ground around the stage and were called groundlings. Other spectators paid higher prices to sit in the galleries. There were three openings at the back of the stage--one in the center and one on each side--hidden by a thick curtain. The stage-floor often had one or more trap-doors, which were useful for the speedy disappearance or re-appearance of characters, especially ghosts. Above the stage was a balcony, usually used for love scenes. There was no stage scenery, though props were widely used. Black stage hangings were used for tragic plays, and colorful curtains were used for comedies or light plays. Actors on the Shakespearean stage were often youths. Boys with high-pitched voices were trained from early years to take women's parts, since women were not allowed on the stage. Most of Shakespeare's plays were performed at the Globe Theater.
Shakespeare's main source for the play is Thomas North's translation of Plutarch's "Life of Antony," a part of a larger work entitled Lives Of The Noble Grecians And Romans (1579). Shakespeare used this source earlier in writing his play, Julius Caesar. In Antony and Cleopatra, he follows the source closely.
Many critics consider Antony and Cleopatra as a mere continuation of the earlier play, Julius Caesar. Since many things are transacted in the background or simply alluded to in this play, it seems Shakespeare assumes that the reader is familiar with his earlier play. It is important to know that Pompey the Great had died nearly eight years ago, and his political opponent, Julius Caesar, has been assassinated. As a result, the Roman Empire has been carved between his successors Octavius Caesar, Antony and Lepidus. By the time the play opens, Pompey's son, Sextus Pompeius, has led a successful uprising against Caesar, and his popularity is steadily increasing among the tax-burdened populace. All of this information comes directly from Plutarch's study on the noble Greeks and Romans.
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Bankruptcy occurs when a trustee takes over your financial affairs because you are unable to pay your debts.
If you have unmanageable debts you should first seek financial advice to explore ways to repay them. If this does not result in arrangements that satisfy your creditors you may need to consider your options under the Bankruptcy Act 1966
The ultimate option under the Act is to become bankrupt. Consider both the advantages and disadvantages of this move before making your decision.
Bankruptcy is available to individuals and companies.
The law governing bankruptcy applies throughout Australia. Under the Act, bankruptcy cases can be heard by:
How you go bankrupt
You can become bankrupt in one of two ways:
- As an individual you can file for bankruptcy by submitting a debtor's petition to the Official Receiver in Bankruptcy.
- One or more creditors can petition the Federal Court for you to be declared bankrupt.
As an alternative to bankruptcy, creditors sometimes agree to a deed of arrangement. This involves you, the debtor, handing over the management of your affairs to a trustee who works to provide a better return for creditors.This arrangement is also beneficial to the debtor because it avoids the cost, trauma and stigma of bankruptcy.
How long bankruptcy lasts
Bankruptcy usually lasts three years. After this time, the bankruptcy is dissolved, freeing the bankrupt of original debts and allowing a fresh start to be made.
Should you be facing bankruptcy at any time you should consult a solicitor for advice and assistance.
Administration of bankruptcy procedure
The Australian Financial Security Authority (AFSA) is the Federal body responsible for personal bankruptcy and insolvency law and practice.
Companies are not made bankrupt in the same way as people. Instead, they may enter into a form of external management by way of a deed of arrangement with their creditors, receivership or liquidation.
The Corporations Act 2001 sets out the provisions for each of these forms of management.
If you are involved with a company that is in, or is likely to enter into, external administration, seek legal advice on your responsibilities.
Bankruptcy - Legal Services Commission of South Australia
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What is cancer screening? – Screening is where you are checked for a disease even if you don’t have any symptoms. It is an important way in which serious conditions can be identified and treated before symptoms are present. If cancer is detected early then treatment is often more successful and long-term risks to your health are significantly reduced. Of the GI cancers, screening is available for bowel cancer.
Bowel cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the UK and the second biggest cancer killer, a screening programme is essential in the fight against this disease. Medical research has shown that bowel cancer screening significantly reduces the risk of people dying from bowel cancer.
Worried about bowel cancer? Book a consultation with us to discuss screening or treatment options
- Screening gives you peace of mind if nothing unusual is discovered.
- Detects the early signs of bowel cancer so you can begin treatment quickly.
- Highlights anything that needs to be monitored, such as a finding of pre-cancerous growths (polyps).
- The NHS carries out bowel cancer screening for anyone over the age of 55. However, the risk of bowel cancer increases after the age of 45.
If you are higher risk or would like to take a preventative approach to your health, then consider private bowel cancer screening.
Higher risk people include:
- Over 50 years of age – 90% of bowel cancer cases are in over 50 year olds.
- Over 60 years of age – 80% of bowel cancer cases are in over 60 year olds.
- Family history of colon polyps or bowel cancer.
- Family history of Lynch Syndrome – this type of colon cancer runs in families and tends to cause cancer from a younger age (under 45 years old).
- If you are experiencing any bowel cancer-related symptoms.
- Those with longstanding Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) e.g.Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.
Read FAQs about bowel cancer screening to find your answers.
Bowel cancer screening procedures look inside the colon for growths on the bowel wall, called polyps. Some colonic polyps are non-cancerous and will remain so, but others have the risk of developing into cancer, which can grow and spread to other organs. Screening will be taken by one of the following tests:
A simple assessment of your stools can show signs of bowel cancer, such as blood, or abnormal DNA. Blood may not necessarily mean that you have bowel cancer, however, if the doctor sees anything unusual, they will refer you for a colonoscopy.
A flexible sigmoidoscopy procedure is used to check for bowel cancer in the last part of the colon and the rectum, passing a flexible camera (on a thin agile tube) up through the back passage. An enema is needed prior to the procedure. When necessary a biopsy (tissue sample) can be taken, or a polyp can be entirely removed.
The colonoscopy is a similar to the sigmoidoscopy but allows us to assess the entire length of the colon. It requires laxatives prior to the procedure so that clear views are obtained. A thin, agile tube with a camera and bright light, called a colonoscope, is inserted into the back passage and can work all the way up to the top of the colon and back down again, whilst projecting images onto a screen for the doctor to see. It is the best examination for bowel cancer and if any other prior test shows anything unusual, then a colonoscopy is usually needed. Sometimes patients just opt for a colonoscopy in the first instance to ensure that results are the most accurate available.
The “virtual” colonoscopy uses a CT scan to assess the colon. It is an effective, non-invasive test to spot bowel polyps and signs of cancer. However, it has limitations as small polyps hide in the many twists and turns on the colon, which can get missed when assessment is made via a scan.
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Join World's Fastest Growing B2B Network
Are you losing customers to competitors? Are your sales statistics trending downward? It is possible for a business to experience a time when it starts to decline due to poor performance in the past few months. This is when an entrepreneur's expertise, skills, and endurance is tested. Businesses can survive their declining phase by implementing multiple revival strategies, allowing them to continue operating for many years in the future.
However, it is not as easy to save a business from liquidation as it seems. You need to have a plan devised with precision and filled with strategies free from uncertainties. Although, the first challenge is to realize that your business is nearing shut down. A lot of owners believe their company is doing well by merely looking at the profit it is making.
Experts recommend business people to assess their company's cash flow. It is often referred to as the king that tells you if your business is growing sustainably or not. There is a very clear difference between profit and cash flow. One relates to the condition where annual revenues are greater than costs, while the other is about how much money is coming in and going out.
Doesn't it seem like a logical thing to monitor the cash flow of your business closely? Without sufficient financial reserves, a company cannot do much. It would not be able to pay off expenses, employees' salaries, approve marketing budgets, and other operating costs. History shows that many profitable companies fail because they spend faster than they earn, resulting in a notable reduction in cash at hand and bank.
You must have a lot of questions roaming within your mind right now. All of those queries are going to be answered shortly since it is time to begin a detailed and informative discussion regarding our topic.
Your business is going to tell you itself that it's nearing a declining phase which would inevitably lead to permanent closure before it takes place. It is the responsibility of the owner, key decision-makers, and other executives to evaluate the situation and take action accordingly. Here's what happens when a business is close to shutting down;
· Unable To Meet Annually Projected Revenue Targets: As an entrepreneur, you have to keep assessing the monetary situation of your business by studying the financial statements. Inability to make profits and boost sales while being out of money is a clear sign that a change of strategies is severely required. This does not mean you have to take out a loan as it will have a negative effect. Instead, you have to start reducing losses or come up with ways to improve sales. Do I need to retrain the sales team? Where is my business lacking? What can be done to make improvements that will bring my business back to life? You need answers to such questions.
· Lack Of Communication: A lot of businesses shut down because different departments stop communicating, affecting the flow of useful information in a negative manner. This happens mainly due to grudges among the employees, so they stop conversing. People within companies stop trusting each other, and official statements are disregarded. It is vital to tackle this issue by holding a meeting of departments headed by the CEO and other executives. Clearing out any misunderstanding that exists is beneficial for everyone. Otherwise, the business would eventually close, and people would be out of work.
· There Are No New Customers: There is no doubt that retaining the existing buyers is essential. However, attracting new ones contributes to the expansion of your operations. If you have not sold any products to new customers for a long time, take a step back to detect the areas your business lacks and try to make them better. Attracting new customers has a lot to do with your marketing strategies. Schedule a meeting with the marketing department, hear them out, give helpful guidance, and keep checking their progress regularly until new sales start to come in.
· Existing Customers Begin To Leave: Losing buyers to your competitors is another sign of business failure. This can be due to a number of factors. Firstly, the quality of your products may have worsened over time. Secondly, other businesses may be offering the same products at lesser rates with better quality. Thirdly, your customers' requirements may have changed over time. This calls for you to understand why your business has not been able to keep up with these critical changes. Figure out the reasons behind the reduced quality, revise your rate list, and study the market to realize the new demands of the customers. It should be noted that the needs of the buyers keep on changing, so staying updated is necessary for sustainable growth.
The environment within your company matters to a great extent. An increase in employee turnover rate also states that a business is no longer able to satisfy the needs of its workforce. There are people who are irreplaceable. Your company could start declining if you fail to recognize and accommodate them accordingly. Similarly, negativity and a demotivated workforce are not good for any type of business.
A competent entrepreneur's responsibility is to know their business fully. Holding weekly meetings with the department managers and other heads to take updates of their workings becomes necessary. Calculated risks should be taken where uncertainties are minimized, and returns are guaranteed to some extent. The introduction of revised plans with clear goals and objectives is needed. In addition to this, strategies to reduce costs should be implemented until improvements are visible.
The first thing we need to understand is that running a business and managing one are both significantly different. Those who are not capable of managing a business should either learn or hire someone else to do it because lack of management can be costly in the future.
For those unaware, cash flow relates to the net balance of money going out and coming into a business. The entire movement of money within a business is recorded with the help of a cash flow statement. How much cash is used to pay expenses? How much cash is received from customers or the sale of a non-current asset? Every cash transaction can be tracked via these statements.
The net balance of a cash flow statement depicts the accurate picture of a business's financial reserves. The statement of financial position (balance sheet) is also used for this purpose, but it only shows the net assets and liabilities of the business.
Profitable businesses run out of money by not managing their cash flow adequately. It is quite simple to become better at your job as a business owner. Here's what you can do;
1. Learn To Read & Evaluate Your Financial Statements: Merely taking a lot at the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, etc., is not going to be of much help. You need to be aware of various liquidity and profitability ratios for a better evaluation of your business. These include the current ratio, trade receivables/payable ratio, inventory turnover, and gross profit margin ratio. Most importantly, you must know about the debt service ratio that clearly tells the availability of money for paying off loans.
2. Keep Accurate Records Of The Inventory: You need to be aware of the number of goods present in the storage at all times. Failure to abide by this guideline is going to be costly. What if the inventory is overstated or understated? The former would lead to loss of customers as you would not be able to deliver the goods when the time comes while the latter would increase your costs. Hence, tracking inventory is a necessary task that all business people must do.
Are you wondering how learning about the accounts receivable or payables ratio would help? The accounts receivable ratio states the number of days it takes for a credit customer to pay you. On the other hand, the accounts payable ratio shows the number of days you are allotted to pay off creditors. Imagine what would happen if a business pays off trade payables within 15 days but receives money from the debtors after 30 days. It would have an adverse effect on the overall cash flow of your business.
Learning these ratios proves valuable in making the right decision for your business. You can also take guidance from the accountant at your bank and knowledgeable peers. One can take assistance from a certified public accountant in such matters.
What if there was a way to rectify the entire situation relating to the closure of your business? Have you ever heard of B2B eCommerce? It is a technologically advanced method of trading that utilizes the internet to enable businesses from around the world to connect. B2B relates to business-to-business dealings that take place over a digital marketplace.
International B2B trade platforms have exclusive online websites, while a few leading ones, like TradeWheel.com, have also launched smartphone applications. Think about it, you no longer need to be physically present within the international markets or a certain part of the world to sell goods in bulk quantities. You simply sign up as a seller, purchase a package or become a free member on TradeWheel.com, and begin communicating with the prospective buyers through the portal's website or app after adding products.
This is a perfect escape plan for businesses on the brink of shutting down. What makes working with such a renowned foreign trade B2B platform is that you no longer have to keep track of the inventory. Since this is an entirely digitalized trading method, the stock count will automatically be updated after every sale or addition. This ultimately reduces one of the two tasks you have to do to save your business from bankruptcy.
TradeWheel also exposes your business to innovative advertisement strategies such as SEO (search engine optimization), social media marketing, creative designing, etc. In addition to this, specific buyer personas are created, and each marketing campaign is run according to those profiles. This attracts a sufficient number of buyers who belong to your target audience, saving your time and energy by trying to convince only those likely to place sizeable or sample orders.
There is a qualified and trained sales team who can help secure orders from buyers residing in different parts of the world. You can respond to the buy-offers posted on TradeWheel's website by the buyers in which they explain all the details regarding their unique requirements. You can start sending them quotations immediately after registering as a seller. This would give a pretty amazing start to the revamping procedure of a business nearing closure.
Another thing about TradeWheel that benefits you is ERP (enterprise resource planning) integration. This relates to synchronizing the ERP software with various business activities, including CRM (customer relation management), EDI (electronic data interchange), etc. It means all the fundamental operations of your business are automated. The data from each resource is collected and presented in one place, easing its accessibility to a great extent. This proves valuable for your business, its employees, customers, and the representatives of the B2B portal.
Rest assured that the possibilities of sustainable growth and boosts in revenues are endless once you realize the significance of working with a globally acclaimed international B2B trade platform, TradeWheel.com. Digitalizing your business activities contributes to notable cost reductions while improving the prospects of building a diverse clientele of importers living in other countries.
One of the primary reasons behind a business being forced to close its offices refers to the executives' incompetency in recognizing the potential of adapting to new ways of operating. It is the responsibility of the company's owners and key decision-makers to stay updated about new inventions that can add efficiency to their operations through research and other techniques. There are many ways of overcoming the problems that lead to the closure of a business. You only need to be willing to change the practices and adopt newer ones in the process to continue enjoying increased returns.
Serving millions of Buyers & Sellers around the worldJoin Free
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Refrigerating your cakes Kept in the fridge, cake with buttercream or ganache topping will last for 3-4 days. If the cake has custard, cream, cream cheese or fresh fruit it will last 1-2 days at most.
Make sure the cake is fully cooled before you refrigerate it. If part of the cake is still warm,condensation will form and damage your cake.
How long do cakes last in the fridge?
Most types of cakes should last up to 5 days or even a week in the fridge. How long exactly depends on sugar and fat content, is it iced or not, how it’s covered, etc. A spongy cake lasts in the fridge for 3-4 days. Cakes with fresh fruit, custard, cream/cream cheese will last for 1-2 days.
Can you put frosted cakes in the fridge?
Most frosted cakes can be put into the fridge as long as they are tightly covered and stored properly. If you have a cake with cream cheese frosting this is even better for storing in the fridge because of how slowly it will spoil, as long as the cake is properly covered.
What is the best way to store cake?
Still, no matter how you frost them, chocolate cakes are the easiest to store since they will stay fresh even if just covered with a layer of aluminum foil. Coconut cake should last up to 5 days with no issues.
Can you freeze a cake?
If can be stored in the refrigerator or left on the counter, depending on the filling or icing. For a long-term option, you can freeze your cake while preserving its taste if you use an air-tight freezer safe container.
Is cake still good after 5 days?
Typically, a cake will only stay fresh for up to three or four days before the moisture is drawn out and the texture becomes drier. A cake can last in a fridge for a little bit longer if it has been frosted as the frosting keeps the moisture in the sponge.
Can I eat a week old cake?
When stored in the refrigerator, most cakes are safe to eat for up to four days. Cakes and frostings made with dairy components should be kept refrigerated.
Can you refrigerate a cake for a week?
Most cakes, whether halved, iced or un-iced, will keep at room temperature for 4-5 days. However, during hot, humid weather, cakes can be put in the refrigerator, especially those with icing. How do you keep cakes fresh? To keep cakes fresh, it’s best to store them in airtight containers in a cool, dry place.
How do you tell if a cake has gone bad?
Some common traits are a hard and dry texture as the moisture evaporates. Sometimes mold can appear, so always be on the lookout for that. Fruit fillings may also become moldy or slimy which indicate that the cake has gone bad.
What happens if you eat spoiled cake?
Most likely, you’ll be okay.” However, in certain cases, the mold found on spoiled food could be dangerous, so if you suddenly develop symptoms such as shortness of breath, nausea, an elevated temperature or diarrhea, you should immediately seek medical help.
How long can you keep a frosted cake in the fridge?
As a rule, most frosted cakes are safe to eat for up to four days when stored in the fridge. If you want long-term preservation, the best way is to freeze the frosted cakes. With that, frosted cakes are safe for consumption for up to twelve months.
Can you get food poisoning from cake?
While flour may not look like a typical ‘raw’ ingredient, uncooked flour or cake mix can contain E. coli, which can then cause food poisoning if consumed.
How Long Will chocolate cake last?
In the fridge, chocolate cakes can last up to seven days.
To avoid a hard and undesirable slice of chocolate cake, make sure the cake is covered. You can use your cake holder or wrap it with plastic wrap, aluminum foil, or any airtight container.
Do you put cake in the fridge after baking?
Cakes, whether kept at room temperature or in the refrigerator, should be stored airtight to keep them fresh and moist. If storing in the refrigerator, it’s best to chill the cake uncovered for about 20 minutes in the freezer or refrigerator to let the frosting harden.
How do you store a cake in the fridge?
If you do refrigerate, wrap unfrosted cakes in plastic to protect them from absorbing any weird fridge smells and to protect them from drying out, and then unwrap it to warm up on the counter before serving. For frosted cakes, chill the cake uncovered for 15 minutes to harden the icing, then wrap it in plastic wrap.
How can I make my cake last longer?
Keep your cakes at the peak of freshness and quality by following a few key guidelines.
- Store when completely cooled.
- Store under cake cover or large bowl.
- Freeze unfrosted cakes.
- Freeze cakes with frosting.
- Thaw cakes at room temperature.
How long until a cake goes bad?
The shelf life of cake depends on its preparation method and how it is stored. Typically, a cake can last up to four days without going bad or stale. When stored in the fridge, it can last up to 5 or 7 days. Frozen cake lasts longer but is best consumed after 2 to 3 months in the freezer.
How Long Can chocolate cake last in the fridge?
How long does chocolate cake last in the fridge? Freshly baked chocolate cake will keep well for about 1 week in the fridge when properly stored; when refrigerating, cover with foil or plastic wrap to prevent cake from drying out.
How long does cake last out of the fridge?
Room Temperature Storage: Most birthday cakes can last a few days at room temperature, roughly around 3 days before the moisture evaporates. Keep your cake in a cake tin or an airtight container for best results.
How long will cake keep before it goes bad?
How Long Does Cake Mix Last. Cake mixes come with a shelf life of about 6 months to a year, but you can safely use them for months (or even years) past the best-by date on the label. Opening the package, assuming you’re going to store the leftovers properly, doesn’t shorten that period. The best-by date on the label isn’t an expiration date.
How long will a cake last without freezing it?
How long can you keep a refrigerated cake?
How Long Does Cake Last In The Fridge?(Frosted & Unfrosted)
- It may seem like Heaven to have a whole cake in one sitting, but it is not always possible….
- For example, there may be a family member who requests a slice of pizza but, for some strange reason, is unable to consume it immediately.
- How long does a cake keep fresh in the refrigerator?
- A spongy cake will keep for 3-4 days in the refrigerator.
- Cakes made with fresh fruit, custard, cream/cream cheese, and other dairy products will last 1-2 days in the refrigerator.
- Cakes that have not been frosted will keep for up to 3 days.
- If you have frosted your cake, it will stay somewhat longer in the fridge since the icing helps to maintain the moisture in the sponge.
- Your cake will remain fresh for up to a month if it is frozen before serving.
- When you have a large gathering, it is always a challenge to figure out what to do with the leftover cake, especially in the summer, which is why I have opted to address this issue this time.
- Check out the top Cake Domes currently available on Amazon!
Can You Refrigerate A Cake?
Yes, without a doubt. In order to prevent cakes from drying out after a day or two, you should refrigerate them. This is especially true for frosted cakes…………………………………… And the more layers and components a dish has, the better it is to plan on preserving it in the refrigerator – unless you want to consume it all in one session (which is also OK).
How To Properly Refrigerate A Cake?
- The lowest shelves of the refrigerator should be avoided since the air is the coldest there. Most cakes have at least one component that does not tolerate cold well, so it’s best to clear away the top shelf of the refrigerator
- if you have anything else in the fridge than cake, you’ll need to think about storage containers for it. If you leave the cake uncovered, the fat in the sponge and/or icing will act as a magnet for any strange things that may appear. In addition, moisture can cause the sponge to become soggy or even moldy, as well as water down or damage the frosting
- If you need to keep the cake safe from other odors in the fridge for a day or two, a simple dome will do the work. If you use a layer of aluminum foil, the results will be the same, but you will need to use an airtight container for long-term preservation.
- Make sure to check on the cake and any condensation at least once a day, even if you have excellent storage options in place. Keep in mind that dampness is a negative indicator.
- Let it cool for approximately 15 minutes in the refrigerator to allow the frosting to solidify a little, and then cover it with a cake box or plastic wrap to keep it fresh.
- You may rest assured that your cake will remain moist in this manner. Allow the cake to rest on the counter for approximately 30 minutes before serving.
How Long Does Cake Last In The Fridge?
- The majority of cakes will keep in the fridge for up to 5 days or even a week.
- The actual amount of time varies on the sugar and fat level, whether it is iced or not, and how it is covered, among other factors.
- A spongy cake will keep in the refrigerator for 3-4 days.
- Cakes made with fresh fruit, custard, cream/cream cheese, and other dairy products will last 1-2 days in the refrigerator.
- Dietary alternatives that are lower in fat or sugar substitutes often have a half-life of half that of their full-fat equivalents.
- The ones that are high in butter and/or nuts, on the other hand, may become inedible after absorbing the scents of other foods un the fridge.
Does Cake Go Bad In The Refrigerator?
- It will happen eventually. It is only for 3-4 days that a cake will remain fresh and delicious until the moisture has been pulled out and the texture has become too dry. Cake that has been frosted will hold its moisture in the sponge for a somewhat longer period of time in the fridge
- however, sometimes the reverse may occur, and your cake will collect too much water and become too wet when stored in the refrigerator. This is frequently the case when your cake is baked with fresh cream or fruit, and all of this delectable goodness ends up making the sponge excessively wet
- the other issue is the aforementioned refrigerator odors. All of the fat that goes into making cakes delicious and rich will begin to absorb the odors of garlic, cheese, and other nasty foods that happen to be in your refrigerator at the time. This is something that cannot be fixed by allowing the cake to air out.
How Long Can You Keep A Frosted Cake In The Fridge?
- As previously noted, a frosting can help the sponge stay longer, but it can also cause problems of its own, depending on the type of frosting used. The fondant purchased from a store will be the most durable of the three. Those guys are laden with sugar and preservatives, and they will most likely outlive the rest of us combined. Marzipan, royal icing, and modeling chocolate may all provide a similar impression, but they do not stay as long as plain sweetened whipped cream
- the one that lasts the shortest is plain sweetened whipped cream with no added sugar. Unlike any other sort of frosting, it will dry up in a matter of days and get moldy far more quickly than any other type of frosting.
- The ganache, buttercream, cream cheese frosting, and diplomat cream should all be consumed within 3 to 5 days of preparation.
- To make your cake last for a little longer, use the following ingredients:
How Long Does Unfrosted Cake Last In The Fridge?
- The usual response time will be up to three days. In the worst-case situation, you may always freeze the cake, which will keep it fresher for a longer period of time.
- Technically, an unfrosted cake can outlast a frosted cake purely on the basis of its ease of wrapping and storing it appropriately. Using a couple of layers of plastic wrap to put anything like a marble cake or a pound cake in, you can easily keep it at its best freshness for a week.
- Of course, there are certain recipes, such as the classic fruitcake, that are supposed to be stored in the refrigerator for several weeks. You could get at least a week or two of use out of them, despite the fact that dampness is not their favorite companion.
- Additionally, these sorts of cakes freeze nicely, albeit they may experience some difficulties when defrosting. Better to save them for later use in a trifle or a French toast recipe. Now is a good time to look at the greatest Cake Domes on Amazon
|Type Of Cake||How Long It Lasts In The Fridge|
|Chocolate Cake||Almost all types of chocolate cake will stay fresh in the fridge for up to 7 days. The more fat and sugar the recipe has, the longer it will last.A ganache frosting may store slightly better than the buttercream, but we are talking about 1-2 days difference tops. Still, no matter how you frost them, chocolate cakes are the easiest to store since they will stay fresh even if just covered with a layer of aluminum foil.|
|Coconut Cake||Coconut cake should last up to 5 days with no issues.The biggest issue with this cake is the coconut shavings. They are relatively high in fat (while having no sugar to act as a preservative) and could turn rancid before the rest of the confection. Other than that, you are dealing with a classic sponge and frosting that will keep quite well.If you are a fan of this type of cake, invest in a good cake box that will keep the air ad moisture out while not sticking to those layers of coconutty goodness.|
|Red Velvet||Red velvet should stay fresh for 3 to 5 days in the fridge if stored correctly.Depending on the recipe, the cake will either be loaded with cream cheese, yogurt, or sour cream keeping it fresh and moist for days. The cocoa will help keep it from turning soggy, while most cream cheese frosting recipes have a good balance of fat and sugar.A good airtight cake box will be more than enough to give you maximum freshness.|
- Most varieties of cake will retain their flavor after being stored in the refrigerator for a day or two.
- Following that, there is a possibility of a change in flavor and/or texture.
- Generally speaking, the more sugar and fat in the cake, the longer it will keep for.
- Furthermore, icing will have a significant influence on its longevity.
- Finally, don’t forget to get some form of cover for your cake so that it doesn’t absorb the odors from the rest of the fridge.
How long does cake last in the fridge?
- Several factors, including the materials used and how the cake is stored, influence the shelf life of a cake.
- The shelf life of store-bought cakes is typically one to two weeks in the refrigerator, but handmade cakes, such as those made with cream cheese or sour cream, are only good for around five days.
- The exact ingredients and storage conditions of your cake may either prolong or diminish its shelf life.
- In order to acquire the most precise information about how long your cake will survive, you should check the expiration date printed on the packaging.
- If it does not have a date on it, you can make an educated guess based on its contents.
Can you put a frosted cake in the fridge?
Most frosted cakes may be stored in the refrigerator as long as they are firmly wrapped and stored in an appropriate manner. If you have a cake with cream cheese icing, this is even better for preserving in the fridge because of how slowly the frosting will degrade if the cake is securely covered with plastic wrap or a cake cover.
How to keep cake fresh?
It is best to wrap the cake securely in plastic wrap or aluminum foil before placing it in an airtight container or bag to ensure that it lasts longer and remains fresh. You can also store your cake in the refrigerator or freezer if you anticipate that you will not be able to consume it before it spoils or deteriorates.
Can you freeze a cake?
- Yes, cakes are excellent candidates for freezing, as long as they are preserved in an appropriate manner.
- You may freeze your cake by wrapping it in plastic wrap securely and placing it in a freezer bag or container, making sure to squeeze out all of the air prior to closing it.
- After that, you may put it back in the freezer, where it will last for around three months.
- After you have removed it from the freezer, cover it in aluminum foil and keep it in the refrigerator for 3 to 4 days to allow it to defrost before using.
How to thaw a cake?
- If you need to use your cake while it is frozen, defrost it in the refrigerator for 12 hours or on the counter for 8 hours before using it.
- If you’re baking your cake from frozen, remove it from the freezer and preheat your oven to 200 degrees Fahrenheit.
- A cooling rack should be placed on a baking sheet with a rim and placed in the oven.
- Reduce the temperature to 175 degrees Fahrenheit and bake the cake for 20 minutes.
- After that, let your cake to cool fully before icing it or using it as a basis for cupcakes or other desserts or dessert variations.
Should I put cake in the fridge before icing?
Yes, this is an excellent concept. When the icing adheres better to the cake, the cake will be more stable and will have more time to set before being decorated or sealed with a frosting.
My cake turned white after I put it in the fridge…what to do?
This is referred to as blooming or curdling, and it occurs as a result of an excessive amount of air being trapped inside the batter. You will see that your cake has turned a light brown hue after being refrigerated for an extended period of time. When it comes to serving, the only thing you can do is attempt to cut around this part as much as possible.
Can old cake make you sick?
- In fact, overripe cake might make you feel terrible to your stomach.
- It is absolutely not acceptable to devour your cake if you find that mold has begun to form on the surface of it.
- The presence of mold on a cake indicates that it is very old and may cause food illness when consumed.
- As a final precaution, you should discard any frosting that has mold developing in it.
- Additionally, avoid using any cake that has unusual colors or odours.
What are different types of cake and storage options?
- Each variety of cake has its own own traits and flavors, and there are many different kinds of cake.
- Some of these are as follows: Cakes like angel food cake are a form of sponge cake that is baked just once, when it is put in the pan to rise and cool before being served.
- A smooth texture and vanilla taste are classic characteristics of this dessert.
- Store it at room temperature, well covered.
- A pound cake gets its name from the pound weight measures of eggs, flour, and sugar that were used in the original recipe.
- Many other flavors may be added, including spices and fruit or nut components like as almonds, walnuts, and pecans, to give it a unique taste.
- Wrap the cake in plastic wrap and place it in the refrigerator to keep it fresh.
- Carrot Cake: Carrot cakes are created with carrots, almonds, and spices such as cinnamon or nutmeg.
- They are a popular dessert in the United States.
- In addition, cream cheese icing is frequently used to decorate them.
- Dessert Chocolate Cake: Chocolate cake is a timeless favourite!
- In most cases, chocolate pudding, chocolate chips, unsweetened melted chocolate, and frosting are used to create this dessert recipe.
- Refrigerate the cake for one to two days after it has been made in an airtight container at room temperature.
- Desserts such as lemon cakes are produced using lemons, lemon juice, lemon zest, and a glaze or icing to round off the flavor.
- There are instances when it’s served with a lemon curd or lemon mousse on top as well.
- Wrap it in aluminum foil or plastic wrap and place it in the refrigerator.
- Red Velvet Cake: Red velvet cake is distinguished by its deep red hue, which is achieved by incorporating red dye or food coloring into the batter or icing of this dessert.
- This sort of cake should be stored in the refrigerator and consumed within two days of preparation.
- A spice cake is a cake that has spices such as cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg in the recipe.
- The ingredients are mixed together and cooked until they form a dense structure.
- It is a cake combination made out of fruit, eggs, flour, and spices.
It can be served frozen or at room temperature.Cover the cake with plastic wrap and set it in the refrigerator to keep it fresh.Easy Cake: Easy cakes are often quick and simple to create, and they frequently make use of an easy cake mix.
- They are not always available for purchase from a bakery, as is the case with regular cakes.
- The cake may be kept at room temperature for up to two days if stored in an airtight container.
- Eggless Cakes: Eggless cakes are those that are created without the use of eggs or egg substitutes.
- They are also referred to as vegan, wheat-free, or corn-free cakes in some circles.
- These cakes will not last more than a day in the refrigerator; try freezing them when they have totally cooled.
- Desserts that have been frosted are cakes that have been created with frosting and, if the cake has been made with chocolate, have had chocolate chips added to it.
- This cake may be kept in the refrigerator for up to two days at a time.
Final thoughts on cake shelf life
Generally speaking, cakes don’t survive more than two days, however this might vary depending on the sort of cake. For example, pound cakes may be stored on a shelf for up to five days without spoiling. No matter what style of cake you enjoy and want to create, you can be assured that your favorite cake will taste just as excellent after it has been sitting on the counter for a few days.
How Long Does Cake Last? Shelf Life, Storage, Expiration
A heated argument rages about the shelf life of true fruitcake (which is rich with dried fruits, nuts, and alcohol, and which must be stored in a well sealed tin). Because individuals choose to re-gift fruitcakes rather than consume them, it appears that no one knows how long a fruitcake will last.
How to tell if Cake is bad, rotten or spoiled?
- Using good hygiene and food safety measures will assist to reduce the risk of contracting a foodborne disease.
- Despite the fact that it is not a perfect test, your senses are typically the most trustworthy instruments for determining whether or not your cake has gone bad.
- As the liquid evaporates, some of the characteristics include a hard and dry texture.
- Mold can occur from time to time, so be on the alert for it at all times.
- Moldy or slimy fruit fillings are further signs that the cake has gone rotten.
- As with any meal, there are potential health concerns linked with it.
- Always remember to practice food safety and to consume your food before its shelf life has ended.
How to store Cake to extend its shelf life?
- Store the cake in a firmly closed container or wrap it tightly in plastic wrap to keep out air and other pollutants throughout the baking process.
- The cake may either be refrigerated in the refrigerator or left out on the counter, depending on the filling or frosting used.
- Provided you want to save your cake for a lengthy period of time, you may freeze it while keeping the flavor intact if you use an airtight freezer safe container.
- Prior to icing the cake, it is advisable to place it in the freezer, particularly if the frosting contains cream.
- Some of the advantages of efficient food storage include eating healthier, saving money on food, and helping the environment by reducing food waste.
How long is Cake good for when prepared in a dish?
What is the shelf life of cake? That is dependent on the situation. How long does ice cream keep its freshness? In general, foods only survive as long as the component in the recipe that has the shortest shelf life.
How Long Does Cake Last in the Fridge (with Storage Tips)
- So you’ve either purchased or prepared a cake that is far too large.
- You don’t believe you’ll be able to eat it as fast as you had hoped, so you put it in the refrigerator.
- How long is that delectable baked good going to last in your possession?
- You may anticipate it to take anywhere from two to five days, depending on the components you choose.
- My name is Michelle, and I’ll be completely honest with you: I rarely have any leftover cake in my house.
- However, on the rare occasions that I do, I just leave it on the counter.
- However, this is not always the best option in all circumstances.
- With that in mind, I’ve been able to determine how long the cake will last in the refrigerator.
- It’s no secret that if you want to keep your cake from going bad too quickly, you should put it in the refrigerator right after you make it.
- However, just because you’ve refrigerated this baked masterpiece doesn’t mean you shouldn’t give it a second thought.
- Continue reading to find out how long cakes may be stored in the refrigerator.
How Long Does Cake Last in the Fridge?
Despite the fact that we desire cake to endure indefinitely, this is just not the reality. However, the components used in the cake determine how long it will last in the fridge. Let’s take a deeper look at what’s going on.
- Cakes that are coated in buttercream, chocolate ganache, or fondant don’t have to worry about a lot of things.
- Because the outer layer of frosting will act as a barrier to keep moisture from entering the cake.
- The majority of the time, you can leave these sorts of cakes out on the counter for up to five days without risk of their becoming a dried-out disaster.
- What about the refrigerator, though?
- In order to prolong the shelf life of this sort of cake, it is not necessary to store it in the refrigerator.
- In the event that you are unable to consume this cake within five days, feel free to store it in the refrigerator, where it will last for a few more days.
- However, if you’re making this sort of cake, it’s best to avoid using the refrigerator altogether.
- For up to four months, buttercream and fondant cakes can keep perfectly fine in the freezer.
- Just make careful to defrost the frozen food in the refrigerator to minimize breaking.
- In the end, I suppose the fridge comes in useful for this sort of cake, don’t you think?
Cream Cheese/Whipped Cream/Fresh Fruit
- These varieties of cakes, on the other hand, are not suitable for use on a countertop.
- Not only will the cake develop into a sad, melted mess if left out for an extended period of time, but it may also make you sick if left out for an extended period of time.
- Having said that, this form of cake should be kept in the refrigerator at all times.
- But for how long will this be the case?
- It is possible to preserve a cake made with cream cheese, whipped cream, or fresh fruit in the refrigerator for up to two days.
- I understand that you don’t have a lot of time.
- It’s also not very good when it’s frozen.
- On the whole, these are delicate cakes that should be devoured as soon as possible after being baked.
It’s really straightforward: cake will keep in the refrigerator for anywhere from two to five days, depending on the type of cake. Once this happens, it’s doomed to become dried out and unappealing. Do you still have doubts regarding how long a cake will last in the fridge? Please continue reading.
Does cake go bad in the refrigerator?
Yes, cake spoils in the refrigerator after a while. This is due to the fact that the colder temperatures suck the moisture out of the cake, resulting in an unpleasant dryness to the cake. Is this a sign that the cake isn’t edible? It’s not precisely unpleasant, but it’s certainly not pleasurable.
How do you know when a cake is bad?
A cake with a gritty, dry, and hard texture is indicative of a substandard batch of batter. It is possible that mold will begin to develop on it at some point. Take a quick peek at the cake before you dig your teeth into it if it’s been sitting out for more than five days. Mold is more prone to develop on fruit cakes than on other types of baked goods.
Should you refrigerate a cake?
The majority of the time, the answer is no. When working with fresh fruit cakes or cream cheesecakes, it’s important to remember that they should be kept in the refrigerator at all times. Regular buttercream frosting and fondant cakes, on the other hand, can be kept on the counter for many days without losing their consistency.
How can I make my cake last longer?
Placing your cake in the freezer is the quickest and most effective method of extending its shelf life. Cakes that have been frosted with buttercream or fondant freeze very well. Cakes containing fruit, cream cheese, or whipped cream should be frozen before these components are added to provide the best results possible.
- Most cakes are OK to be left out on the counter for a few hours or overnight; they do not necessarily need to be refrigerated.
- If you do decide to store your cake in the refrigerator, keep in mind that it will normally last anywhere from two to five days.
- Be on the lookout for indicators of a ″poor″ cake, such as dryness or mold, before you consume it.
- Do you store your baked goods in the refrigerator?
- I’m not sure how long you keep them chilled.
- Please share your thoughts in the comments section!
- Since I was a child, I’ve been a huge fan of sweets.
- This prompted me to go on a self-taught baking quest that began when I was thirteen years old.
- Over ten years have passed since I began my baking experiences, and I’ve gained a great deal of knowledge along the road.
- People now clamor for my wonderful sweets, whether it’s a chocolate cake or a strawberry crepe, and I’m thrilled.
How Long Does Cake Last in The Fridge?
- Our guilty pleasures are different for everyone of us, and for those who diet, it is eating extravagant foods such as desserts like cake.
- When spelled backward, the word stressed spells desserts.
- As a result, cake is frequently used to brighten the mood.
- What a blessing it would be if a cake could linger eternally and continue to taste good.
- If you’re a sweet tooth like me, you’re probably wondering how long a cake will keep in the fridge before going bad.
- Anything that is made with cream or butter may develop an odor over a period of time.
- Cakes require a cool climate in order to keep their moisture and freshness without losing their flavor.
- For example, if you’ve made a chocolate cake and are afraid that it may melt soon, keeping it in a refrigerator with a separate freezer is the best way to keep it safe and tasty.
- A frosted cake will stay in the refrigerator for a variety of lengths of time depending on the kind of cake, including whether it is frosted, filled with cream or nuts, or coated with fondant.
- In the refrigerator, a spongy cake will keep for 3-4 days at room temperature.
- Cakes with fresh fruit, cream, cheese, or custard filling will keep for 1-2 days in the refrigerator.
- Unlike spongy cakes, a frosted cake will last somewhat longer in the refrigerator because the frosting aids in maintaining the moistness of the sponge cake.
- In the next stages, the cake’s texture becomes drier.
- For the best results, I’ll throw the cake in a big airtight container and leave it in the refrigerated for 30 minutes before cutting it into pieces.
- The cakes may be kept at room temperature for several days if they are filled with cream.
- My prior experiences have taught me that the best course of action is simply to take measures and cover it with a lid to keep dust and other contaminants out.
A true gift is a cake in the refrigerator
- Because it is inconvenient, many do not want to go outside at midnight to buy a cake for a loved one’s birthday because it is inconvenient.
- Instead of doing this, they purchase the cake ahead of time and store it in the refrigerator so that it can be surprised by the recipients.
- It keeps its moistness and flavor while being juicy, delectable to eat, and spongy without becoming disorganized while keeping in the medium-sized refrigerator.
- The topic of how long a frosted cake will last in the refrigerator is one that is frequently asked.
- In all seriousness, if you’re the kind who is used to searching for food in the refrigerator late at night, you won’t be able to take the notion of leaving the cake out for much longer.
Cake on the counter
- Customers have difficulty obtaining cakes from bakeries, aside from the fact that they cannot store them in the refrigerator or freezer.
- The consumption of bakery cakes, such as stacked or sheet cakes, is permissible for up to three days following the preparation and decoration of the cake.
- While we should not keep cakes created with fresh fruits, whipped cream, or icing components longer than necessary for serving, we should keep them in the refrigerator until they are ready to be served.
- This signifies that the cakes are only edible for a period of 24 hours after being baked.
Cakes stored in freezers
- When it comes to long-term preservation, freezing is the most effective option.
- After a few months, you may find yourself having to compromise on the texture and consistency of your meals, but this is not as evident with cakes.
- Whipped cream cake, cheesecake, and angel cake are examples of desserts that may be consumed for months without losing their form.
- You may consume frosted cakes for up to 12 months after they’ve been baked without the flavor or scent fading.
- The texture of a cake that has been stored in a medium-sized refrigerator for many days will become dry and shrunken, but it will remain edible.
- Similarly, custard-based filling cakes are coated in layers of fat and cream, which provides an excellent breeding environment for microorganisms to flourish.
- These cakes must be kept refrigerated.
- Traditionally, bigger customised cakes are served during wedding receptions and banquets.
- As a result, a couple wishes to save the cake from their wedding reception in the freezer.
- It is possible to eat cakes that have been frozen for up to four months, but you should take great care to keep sponge cake away from icing cakes and in an airtight container before freezing.
- Cakes prepared with cream should not be stored since they are prone to deteriorating quickly.
How long does a chocolate cake keep its fresh taste?
- The answer to this question is based on the conditions under which the product is being stored.
- To ensure that your chocolate cake lasts as long as possible, store it in a cool, dry location.
- Chocolate cake that has been freshly baked will last for 1-2 days at room temperature, but it will last for 1 week in the fridge and 4-5 months in the freezer if it is carefully stored in the refrigerator and freezer.
What is the best way to know if a cake has gone bad?
Consider the cake and take a breath of its fragrance. If it has a terrible odor, a discolored appearance, or a sour flavor, it should be discarded. The look of the cake will be shaped by the baking procedure.
How should you store the cake to maximize its shelf life?
- Store the cake in a container with a tight-fitting lid or wrap it tightly in plastic wrap to protect air and other contaminants from getting into it.
- The filling or frosting may either be refrigerated or left out on the counter depending on the consistency of the filling or icing.
- If you plan to freeze your cake for an extended period of time, using an airtight freezer-safe container will help to preserve the flavor.
- It is recommended that you freeze the cake before icing it, especially if the frosting contains cream or milk.
- Efficient food storage has a number of advantages, including the ability to eat better while spending less money on food and benefiting the environment by reducing waste.
- A cake may be preserved for up to four days if it is stored properly.
- It is possible that keeping cake in the refrigerator will extend its shelf life by up to 5 or 7 days.
- If you want to store the cake for a long period of time, place it in the freezer at 0°F (-18°C) for several hours.
- It will stay in the freezer for up to a year, however it is best consumed within 3 to 4 months after purchase due to the high quality of the ingredients.
- The appearance, texture, and scent of a cake may all be utilized to assess whether or not it is spoiled.
- Any cake that you find that isn’t quite correct should be thrown away.
How Long Does Cake Last in The Fridge? – 【Cake Safety 】
- Is it possible to purchase pleasure with an uncountable sum of money?
- We can’t purchase happiness, but we may buy or prepare cakes that are somewhat similar in flavor to happy.
- People in distress like eating cakes since the word ″distress″ is spelt backwards in the dessert dictionary.
- Birthday celebrations are a natural method to get people to eat cake.
- On occasion, I consider how wonderful it would be if a cake could endure indefinitely without having to be stored in the refrigerator.
- Everything that is composed of cream or butter may get a distinct odor over a period of time.
- All cakes, whether they are birthday or party cakes, require a cold environment in order to remain moist and luscious without losing their flavor.
- If you’ve prepared a chocolate cake and are concerned that it may melt soon, a refrigerator with a separate freezer is the ideal location to store it so that it remains safe and delicious.
- The length of time that a frosted cake will survive in the refrigerator is determined by the type of cake: frosted cake, filled with cream or almond paste, or coated with fondant, among other things.
- Spongy cakes may be stored in the refrigerator for 3-4 days in most cases.
- Cakes made with fresh fruits, cream, cheese, and custard will last 1-2 days in the refrigerator.
- A frosted cake will remain a little longer in the fridge than a spongy cake because the frosting helps to maintain the moisture in the sponge.
- Following that, the moisture in the cake is taken out and the texture gets drier.
- If I want to keep the cake’s shape and flavor, I’ll place it in a large airtight container and put it in the refrigerator for 30 minutes.
- Cakes that have been filled with cream can be stored at room temperature for up to several days.
- I’ve learnt from my previous mistakes that the best course of action is to simply take cautious precautions and cover it with a lid to protect it from the dust.
Cake in Refrigerators – A blessing indeed!
- People do not want to go outdoors at 12:00 a.m.
- to buy a cake for the birthday of a loved one since it is inconvenient.
- Instead of doing this, they purchase the cake ahead of time and place it in the refrigerator to surprise them.
- While the cake is in the medium-sized refrigerator, it retains its moistness and flavor while remaining juicy, delicious to consume, and spongy without becoming disorganized.
- How long does a frosted cake last in the refrigerator is a question that has been asked millions of times and has been answered millions of times.
- Honestly, if you’re the type of person who is usually looking for food in the fridge late at night, why wouldn’t you leave the cake out for a longer period of time?
Cake on Counter
- Aside from the refrigerator and freezer, customers have difficulties while purchasing cakes from bakeries.
- Following baking and decorating, bakery cakes such as stacked or sheet cakes can be kept in the refrigerator for up to three days.
- cakes made with fresh fruits, whipped cream, or icing components should not be kept longer than necessary for serving time are OK to keep.
- This indicates that these cakes are only edible for a period of 24 hours.
Cake in freezers
- When it comes to long-term preservation, freezing is the greatest option.
- Although texture and consistency may be affected after a few months, this is not as noticeable as it is with cakes.
- Other forms of cake, such as whipped cream cake, cheesecake, and angel cake, are safe to consume for months at a time without losing their shape.
- Cakes with frosting can be eaten up to 12 months after they are baked without losing their flavor or aroma.
- In order to discuss about the quality of a cake, you must first talk about how it is stored and then talk about how it tastes when eating it.
- A whipped cream topping over a cake that has been left overnight may taste a touch sour and may break when it is removed from the refrigerator.
- A cake that has been kept in a medium-sized refrigerator for many days will be dry and shrunken, but it will still be edible.
- Similarly, custard-based filling cakes are covered with layers of fat and cream, which provides microorganisms with an ideal habitat in which to reproduce.
- It is absolutely necessary to store such cakes in the refrigerator.
- On wedding and anniversary celebrations, it is customary to serve larger, custom-designed cakes.
- As a result, a couple wishes to preserve the cake from their special day by freezing it.
- Freeze cakes may be eaten for up to 4 months after being frozen, but special attention should be paid to storing sponge cake apart from icing cakes and placing them in an airtight container before freezing.
- It is not suggested to preserve cream-based cakes since they have a high risk of spoiling soon.
Best Time to Refrigerate a Cake
- Cakes, whether frosted or unfrosted, sliced or uncut, are nutritious and delicious to consume for several days after they have been stored at room temperature.
- When should a cake be refrigerated?
- This is an issue that has been on my mind.
- It all relies on the atmosphere in which you live, to be honest with you.
- Try to cover the cake and store it in the refrigerator wrapped within a box if your kitchen gets too hot during the summer months.
- In case your cooked cake is embellished with whipped cream, delectable and delectable coloring agents, store them in the refrigerator until you are ready to serve the cake.
- Before putting them in the refrigerator, wrap them in a box to keep them secure from odors and absorbing water droplets.
- Finally, new cakes should be cooled in the refrigerator for 15 minutes, uncovered, to allow the ice and cream to set and solidify.
- Next, cover it in a plastic bag and place it in a cake keeper bag to prevent it from drying out.
- Maintain the temperature at room temperature or in the refrigerator!
People who know how long a cake may last also want to know how long a cake will last based on the sort of cake they are eating. For example, the shelf life of chocolate cake, sponge cake, and party cakes varies depending on the kind of cake.
Q1. Can you refrigerate a cake?
- It is not recommended to preserve leftover cake in the refrigerator.
- If you believe that storing products in the refrigerator would extend their shelf life, this is not an accurate misconception for all items.
- Refrigerating the cake will cause it to go stale more quickly.
- As a result of absorbing water from the refrigerator, the starch molecules recrystallize or harden, causing the water to drip out of the cake and onto the counter.
- At room temperature, this process may be observed in a short period of time.
- In a nutshell, if your cakes are accompanied with whipped cream, sponge, fresh fruits, and so on, don’t put them in the refrigerator.
Q2. How long does a chocolate cake last for?
The answer to this question is based on the conditions under which the product is being stored. Keep chocolate cake in a cool, dry area to ensure that it lasts as long as possible. Freshly cooked chocolate cake will last for 1-2 days at room temperature, but it will keep for 1 week in the fridge and 4-5 months in the freezer if stored properly.
Q3. How to tell if a cake has spoiled or not?
- Take a look at the cake and take a whiff of it.
- If it has a foul odor, a discolored look, or if it has a sour flavor, throw it away.
- The cake’s appearance will be shaped by the baking process.
- People suffering from depression, obsessional compulsive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic attacks, and premenstrual dysphoria might benefit from taking Zoloft.
- An unpleasant side effect of using this medication is a complete dryness of the mouth, etourdissements, somnolence, insomnia, a loosening of the intestines, stomach pains, and weight fluctuations.
- In general, these signs and symptoms are mild and have a tendency to fade away rather quickly.
How Long Does Cake Last in the Fridge? – Does it Go Bad?
- During the holiday season, we receive a large number of different types of cakes, and we can’t possibly consume all of them in one sitting.
- In other words, how long does cake last in the refrigerator?
- You’re probably wondering what the answer is to this question is.
- When it comes to food storage, the period of time relies mostly on the type of food being stored; certain foods are more perishable than others.
- The cake is one of the most popular sweets in the world, and it can be found everywhere.
- The ingredients for the cake are eggs, flour, sugar, and either milk or baking soda.
- For a few days, you may keep cakes at room temperature; however, storing them in the refrigerator will be more beneficial in the long run.
- In the refrigerator, the cake will last around 7-13 days.
- If you leave the cake outside for more than two days, there is a good probability that mold may begin to form on it.
- Refrigerating cakes is the most effective method of preserving their freshness for a longer period of time.
- Despite the fact that cakes are not very perishable, they might get stale or dry after a few days of being stored at room temperature.
How Long does Homemade Cake Last in the Fridge?
When compared to other types of bakery cakes, homemade cakes have a shorter shelf life. The shelf life of this recipe in the fridge is just 4-5 days if you utilize products like as cream cheese, dairy cream, and eggs. It will nevertheless survive up to 2 months if you deep freeze it.
How Long Does Cake Last in the Fridge without Frosting?
- Cake without icing is difficult to keep moist for an extended period of time.
- It is impossible to store cream cakes in the refrigerator for more than 4 days since they are created with butter, sugar, and dairy cream.
- However, if you want to store them for longer than two days, you should freeze them or cover them with icing.
- The icing keeps the cake moist and tender, allowing it to be stored for up to ten days.
- Cake that has not been frosted or iced might become dry and hard after a few days of storage; thus, if you are storing the cake at room temperature, wrap it in cling wrap to prevent dryness.
- The freshness, moistness, and softness of cakes will last for a long time if they are stored in sealed containers.
- You’ll be able to enjoy a piece of cake whenever you want without having to worry about anything.
How Long does Birthday Cake last in the fridge?
- Because birthday cakes are produced with fresh dairy cream and eggs, the possibility of mold formation is high.
- As a result, if you have stored the cake in the refrigerator, it should be consumed within 3-4 days; otherwise, the cake will become hard and crumbly.
- Keep birthday cakes covered with cling film if they have been sitting at room temperature for longer than 2 days to prevent them from drying out.
- By freezing the birthday cake, you may make it endure for a longer period of time.
- Simply cover the cake in cling wrap or aluminum foil and place it in freezer bags or airtight containers to keep it fresh.
- By freezing the cakes, you will be able to keep their taste and freshness for a longer period of time.
How do you Keep Cake Soft and Fresh?
- If you want to preserve the cake soft and fresh for a long period of time, wrap it in plastic wrap or place it in an airtight container before serving.
- Cakes with cream cheese icing should not be kept in the refrigerator since they are more likely to develop mold.
- Always keep in mind that cakes with icing have a shelf life of 4-5 days at the most, but plain cakes can be stored for up to a month.
- Generally speaking, we use plastic wrap or aluminum foil to cover the cakes before putting them into an airtight container or box to prevent them from drying out.
- When it comes to cakes, this procedure is not recommended since the cakes become hard and dry after a few days of storage at room temperature.
- To preserve the cake moist and fresh for an extended period of time, wrap it tightly in plastic wrap and store it in an airtight container or box.
- Cool air is the most effective approach to keep cakes at room temperature while yet retaining their freshness and flavor.
- Keep the cake covered with a clean kitchen towel and stored in a cool location until ready to serve.
Why Cake Gets Hard?
- When cake dries out, it becomes hard.
- It is possible for the cake to acquire dryness and crust on top of it if it is not stored in an appropriate container or cover.
- When you leave cakes uncovered at room temperature, they begin to dry out as a result of the exposure to air and humidity in the surrounding environment.
- Keeping them in an airtight container or plastic cover will help to keep them fresher for longer periods of time.
- A cake that has been sitting out at room temperature for more than two days should be refrigerated to avoid the growth of germs and fungus.
- Because of the low temperatures in the refrigerator, after you refrigerate the cake, it will become fresh and moist again, just like it was before.
How to Determine if Cake is Rotten?
- The color and fragrance of the cake might help you identify whether or not it is rotting or not.
- It is possible that bacteria will form on a simple cake that has been held at room temperature for a few days.
- If this occurs, the cake will begin to smell delicious.
- If you consume this type of cake, bacteria will begin to grow within your body, therefore avoid eating the cake that smells nice.
- If the chocolate cake is rotten, you may tell right away because it begins to smell really awful, as described above.
- Because of the low temperature and high humidity in the refrigerator, the color of the food changes after a few days of storage as well.
- If you have left a birthday cake out at room temperature for more than two days, it should be refrigerated immediately thereafter.
- A cake with a dark hue or a strong scent should not be consumed.
- Cake has a shelf life of no more than 10 days.
- After that, they begin to become hard and stale, and it is preferable to throw them away rather than consume something that is detrimental to your health.
How to Store Different kinds of Cakes?
There are many different types of cakes available at the bakery. Some cakes, on the other hand, are quite well-known, and we enjoy them as well. So let’s have a look at how you may preserve these types of cakes in your own house.
- Cake with chocolate frosting is one of the most popular desserts among youngsters.
- On children’s birthdays, it is common to see chocolate cakes.
- It is not necessary to keep chocolate cake in the refrigerator if you are seeking for the most effective method of storing chocolate cake.
- Temperature control is critical when it comes to chocolate cake storage.
- If they are left in the refrigerator, moisture can accumulate, which can lead to the growth of mold on the surface of the cake.
- So, what are your thoughts on keeping chocolate desserts in the refrigerator?
- Chocolate cakes may be kept in the refrigerator for up to a week if they are securely wrapped in plastic wrap.
- If you don’t store your chocolate cake firmly once it’s been chilled, the moisture from the icing may pose an issue for you later.
- Ensure that it is properly covered and stored in an airtight container or zipper-lock bags to avoid this from happening.
- If you don’t enjoy chocolate cake and your cake is going hard, you can use it to make truffles instead of eating it.
- Break the cake into pieces, add butter or vegetable oil, and puree it in a blender until it’s smooth and creamy.
- After that, roll them into balls and roll them in cocoa powder or other ingredients such as nuts to finish them off (almonds).
- If you plan to preserve the strawberry cream cake in the refrigerator, make sure that it is well covered and that no moisture is allowed to get in between the layers.
- Strawberry cakes may also be frozen and then thawed as needed, which is a convenient option.
- This way of preserving the cake may create some changes in the flavor of the cake since it will turn hard when re-heated or eaten, so you must be aware of this possibility.
Coffee cakes are also quite popular, and if you know how to preserve them in the refrigerator, you can make them in no time. Before placing the cake in the refrigerator, make sure it has totally cooled down. When you wish to keep coffee cakes for a longer amount of time, you may freeze them.
Chocolate Chip Cookie
- Everyone enjoys having chocolate chip cookies in their lunch boxes, and chocolate chip cookies are especially popular among children.
- When keeping chocolate chip cookies, it is important to keep them firmly wrapped once they have cooled.
- Store it in an airtight container or zip-lock bags if you want to keep it fresh longer.
- When necessary, the cookies can be frozen to ensure that they last for a longer period of time.
What is the Best Temperature to Store a Cake?
- It is recommended that you keep your cake at room temperature for the best results.
- The majority of cakes are kept at room temperature.
- Keep them covered to prevent them from being exposed to dust and pathogens.
- If you plan to store it in the refrigerator, ensure sure the cake is well covered and that it does not come into contact with any moisture or any other component that might cause contamination or spoiling during storage.
- For those who wish to keep their cakes fresh for a longer amount of time, they may be frozen.
- Make sure the cake is well covered and stored in an airtight container or zipper-lock bag if you plan to store it in the freezer.
- This will assist in preventing any changes in flavor as a result of freezer burn.
- Please keep in mind that after the cake has been thawed, it cannot be refrozen, even if you discover that the cake has been frozen solidly in the first place.
- Because changes will occur, it is not recommended to eat or refreeze them because the food may become harmful as a result of the alterations.
Now that you know How Long Does Cake Last in the Fridge, you can keep your cake before it goes bad the next time you make it. And I hope that this post will be of use to you in properly storing your cakes and pastries. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.
When properly stored, cakes keep well in the kitchen cupboard, fridge or freezer, but how well they keep will depend on a number of factors. Here are a few things to remember when saving your cakes for another day.
- Putting your cakes on the table We believe that the greatest tasting baking comes from freshly baked goods, thus we recommend that you consume your cakes within 24 hours of creating them.
- Cakes are perishable and should be consumed as soon as possible if they contain wet components such as fresh fruit, fruit compotes, or fresh dairy such as cream, cream cheese, mascarpone, or custard, or if they are made with dried fruit.
- Protect the sponges you’re using.
- We totally coat our sponges with icing since doing so helps to prevent sponges from losing their moisture.
- In the event that you have piped icing onto your cake or left the sponge exposed, the cake is more prone to dry up while it is being stored.
- Putting the finishing touches on your cakes Baked goods should always be wrapped tightly in cling film before serving.
- This is done in order to establish a protective barrier and keep them from drying out completely.
- Make certain that all of the cut edges are properly covered in order to avoid the sponge from drying out.
- Buttercream-topped cakes are best served in a cake tin coated with greaseproof paper that has been allowed to cool completely before serving.
- Keeping your cakes refrigerated Cake with a buttercream or ganache topping can keep for 3-4 days if stored in the refrigerator..
- It will last 1-2 days at the most if the cake is made with custard, cream, cream cheese, or fresh fruit as filling.
- The cream cheese frosting on your cake should not be kept at room temperature; instead, we recommend keeping it refrigerated for no more than 1-2 days and allowing it to come up to room temperature before serving it.
- Fruit cakes that have been covered in marzipan and frosting will remain significantly longer.
- It is best not to refrigerate cakes that have been decorated with sugarpaste, fondant, or food coloring since the colors may bleed.
- Cakes should be frozen.
- Cakes keep well in the freezer for up to 4 months.
- It’s ideal to wrap the sponges individually and to store the icing in an airtight container before freezing the mixture.
- If the cake has already been iced, wrap it tightly in cling film, either as a whole or in slices, and store it in an airtight plastic container or an airtight resealable bag until needed.
- In this way, it will not be able to absorb the flavors from the freezer.
- To further preserve the cakes, you may put a layer of aluminum foil around the cling film.
- To prevent the cakes from becoming crushed on your freezer shelf, make sure there is enough of room on the shelf.
We do not advocate freezing meringue or cream-based icings since they will go stale if they are frozen.Taking your cakes out of the freezer Remove your cakes from the freezer and set them aside to thoroughly thaw before serving them.As soon as you take the frosting out of the freezer, whisk in a splash of milk until it is frothy and spreadable.
- If you want to level your sponges before layering them, you should do it with a serrated knife after the sponges have defrosted.
- Learn how to frost a layer cake by watching this video.
- Sunlight Keep your cakes out of direct sunshine, since this can cause the frosting to melt and the icing to discolor if it is colored, resulting in a ruined cake.
- Temperature Keep your cakes cold or at room temperature to avoid spoiling them.
- Heat will cause frosting to melt and slip off of the sponge, and it will also dry out the sponge.
- In the summer, or if your kitchen is re
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This week’s guest post is by Barbara Stauffer, chief of temporary exhibitions at the National Museum of Natural History. This is the first in a series of posts exploring how museums are adapting to people’s desire to contribute, share, manipulate and interpret museum content, in addition to being consumers of (fill in the blank…art, science, history.) We talk about this trend under the heading “MyCulture” in “Museums & Society 2034: Trends and Potential Futures” and have begun to get some non-museum bloggers to share their experiences about interacting with museums and their collections in ways that go beyond the standard museum visit. Barbara kicks off this conversation by telling us about her experience gently nudging the culture of NMNH to accommodate public participation in the creation of an exhibit.
Hyperbolic Crochet Coral Reef, on display at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History through April 24, 2011.
Photo: Don Hurlbert, Smithsonian Institution
In many ways, the Institute for Figuring’s Hyperbolic Crochet Coral Reef project was a natural for the National Museum of Natural History. How better to fulfill our mission of “inspiring an appreciation of the natural world and our place in it” than to display these amazing community creations that, when assembled, resembled healthy reefs teeming with color and diversity, bleached reefs in shades of white and gray, and even “toxic” reefs of recycled plastic? But, the Office of Exhibits had never done anything like this before. Would we be able to pull it off?
We knew it would take some time to convince the rest of the Museum of the value of this project. After all, we’re an institution more accustomed to evaluating projects based strictly on scientific merit rather than on artistic value and ability to inspire. Fortunately Nancy Knowlton, Sant Chair for Marine Science, successfully championed the project to her colleagues.
We also wanted to be sure our visitors would understand the exhibition in the context of our Museum, while allowing the installation to speak for itself. Jane Milosch, a curator of craft at the Smithsonian, expertly helped us integrate messages important to the Museum—the biology and conservation of coral reefs—without detracting from the visual and emotional impact of the pieces.
One of the greatest strengths of the Hyperbolic Crochet Coral Reef project is the community component, where community members crochet their own reefs for display locally. We wanted to do the same, but this required funding to hire someone to run workshops and coordinate submissions. Fortunately, we received great support from the Quiksilver Foundation, the Embassy of Australia, and the Coral Reef Alliance. Their sponsorship allowed us to bring on Jennifer Lindsay, who spent six intense months assembling volunteers to create the Smithsonian Community Reef.
We learned quickly that the needs of a community project often run counter to the long-term planning, security, and approval needs of a large federal institution. We weren’t accustomed to designing an exhibition without knowing well ahead of time exactly what we were going to display. Nor were we sure at first that we’d receive any submissions at all! In addition, as a science organization, we had to manage questions and concerns from within the Museum about the accuracy and scientific grounding of the project. Explaining that the installation was designed to be evocative and interpretive rather than literal, I sometimes felt like I was speaking another language.
With the dedication, organizational skills, and diplomacy of Jennifer, as well as Meg Rivers and Catherine Sutera, who coordinated the installation and the programming, we were able to pull it off. Through Flickr.com, Ravelry.com (a fiber arts site), a weekly newletter, and countless workshops held at yarn shops, on the Mall and at the Museum, Jennifer created an incredibly strong community of participants, many of whom continue to be involved with programming at the Museum. Meg managed to navigate our many layers of fire and safety, ADA, script, and other reviews by providing boundaries–like pre-designated platform, panel and case sizes–while allowing for the flexibility needed to respond to last-minute changes inspirations, and hiccups at the end. And Catherine worked closely with our curators, community members, and a dedicated group of participants from our Botany Department to develop educational carts that help explain the relationship of the crochet to the science and actually include scientifically accurate crocheted specimens.
And, was it worth it? Absolutely!
The community response was overwhelming—over 800 participants from around the globe contributed 4,000 pieces to the Smithsonian Community Reef. I still laugh at my early concern that we wouldn’t have enough submissions to fill the 10 by 16 foot platform we had designated for the community portion of the exhibit. Our audience’s response has been positive as well. Preliminary results from a visitor survey show the exhibition has been one of the top rated Smithsonian shows in the last seven years. And, the Natural History Museum community now better understands and embraces the power of innovative, interdisciplinary and participatory exhibitions.
|Created from the five words that 125 interviewees wrote down in February 2011 to best describe their experience of the Hyperbolic Crochet Coral Reef display at the National Museum of Natural History.|
There will never be another Hyperbolic Crochet Coral Reef, but I look forward to taking some of the lessons we learned about engaging a community and visitors with art and carrying those over into future exhibitions and programming.
Has your museum invited the public to help create exhibit content? Did require mind shifts in institutional culture and tradition, and if so, how did you navigate the shoals of change? Please write in to share your experiences.
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I Eat, Therefore, I’m Okay. (Or Are You?)
When we hear of eating disorders, we always envision a teenage girl with bone-thin body who resists the very idea of food. Or maybe what comes into mind is a slender girl throwing up her dinner inside a dark toilet. But let’s face it–it’s very seldom that we suspect normal-weighing and normal-looking people to have eating disorders.
The fact is that anybody can have an eating disorder. Teenage girls comprise the population most commonly affected by anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating, but this does not mean that these disorders cannot occur to males and older people as well. A recent study even showed instances of anorexic five-year-olds. Eating disorders can happen to anyone, regardless of their age and gender.
Another misconception in eating disorders is that people think only those who do not eat anything has anorexia nervosa. On the contrary, if a person consumes very small calories than what is needed, that is already considered as anorexia. Those people who suffer from bulimia and binge eating actually consume foods, but they are still considered to have eating disorders. Therefore, eating disorders are more than what meets the eye.
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Pointillism is a way of painting in which small separate dots of pure color are used to form images. The artist paints the picture with hundreds of tiny dots, mainly of red, yellow, blue and green, with white. The eye and mind of the viewer mix the colours to make different shades of these colours, as well as orange, purple, pink, and brown depending on the way the dots of colour are arranged.
Georges Seurat, at first an Impressionist painter, and Paul Signac, developed this technique in 1886. Other important artists were Camille Pissarro and, in some paintings, Vincent van Gogh. Art critics who saw their work, laughed at it and called it "Pointillism" as an insult. This name is still used, but is no longer thought of as an insult.
Traditionally, artists blend pigments (mix colours) on a palette. Pointillist painters do not mix the colours on the palette at all – they just use the colours straight from the tube. Traditional painters, and also impressionist painters, use many types of brushstrokes, and many textures of paint. The surface of the painting may have flat colour, lines, squiggles and dabs of paint. In a pointillist painting, every part of the picture is done in tiny dots, and most of the dots are about the same size. Pointillism is usually done in oil paints, because they are thick and do not run into each other when they are painted on the canvas.
Printing and television[change | change source]
Many colour printers and large printing presses use four colours to print in tiny dots of cyan (blue), magenta (red), yellow, and black. Televisions and computer monitors use a similar technique to show many different colors using only red, green, and blue.
Music[change | change source]
The name Pointillism is also given to a style of 20th-century music. Different musical notes are made separately from each other, giving a sound texture similar to pointillism. This type of music is also known as "punctualism" or "klangfarbenmelodie".
Gallery[change | change source]
A village in Holland, Paul Baum (1905)
Vincent van Gogh, Self Portrait, 1887, using pointillist technique.
Maximilien Luce, Morning, Interior, 1890, using pointillist technique.
Related pages[change | change source]
References[change | change source]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pointillism.|
- Pointillism. 2007. Artcyclopedia. Artists by Movement. John Malyon/Artcyclopedia. Web.
- palette = board on which paint is mixed
- "Nathan, Solon. 2010. Pointillism materials". Archived from the original on 2009-10-19. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- Britannica - The Online Encyclopedia http://www.britannica.com/
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Clive Williams is an internet researcher and writer on many genres. He has a BSc. Degree in Information Systems.
What Is a Pony?
When people hear the word pony, many will think of a small or dwarf horse. Some kids (or adults) immediately begin to think of the popular cartoon My Little Pony.
If you guessed a small or dwarf horse, you are correct.
A pony is a small horse, and for a horse to be considered to be a pony, it needs to measure less than 15 hands (or 14 hands 2 inches). A hand measurement is an ancient unit of length, now standardized at four inches (10.16 cm) and used today primarily for measuring the height of horses from the ground to the withers (top of the shoulders). The unit was originally defined as the breadth of the palm, including the thumb before it was standardized.
For a horse to be classified as a pony, the horse not only needs to be short, but it must possess some other physical attributes and temperament to be classified as a pony. With that said, let's take a look at some behavior and features of a pony.
Pony Versus Horse
Below 62 inches
Average height 62 inches
Lean and muscular body
Mains are not thick
Shorter and thick necks
Necks are not short
Thicker coats and tails
Coats are easily brushed and tails are not as thick
It is also arguable that ponies are much easier to train, and many breeds possess a calmer temperament compared to horses. Some believe that ponies are more intelligent, but that has yet to be proven. The thing about ponies is that they are little and cute and children just love to go on pony rides. They feel much more comfortable on a pony than on a horse. Many families across America and Europe own ponies. If you plan on having a pony as a pet, here are a few pointers.
Do Ponies Like to Run?
- Ponies are generally calmer than horses and love the outdoors just the same. However, they require less running and as such having one or two ponies will require less exercise than if you had two horses. Horses are natural runners and love to run. While ponies will run, it's no big deal to many breeds.
Are Ponies Aggressive?
- Ponies overall are less aggressive than horses, but it is not advisable to approach any horse without someone around whom the horse is used to. You may end up getting a couple of nips from that pony! However, once they are tamed and given the love they deserve, they can be the best companion.
What Do Ponies Like to Eat?
- You will be glad to know that ponies like to eat the very same juicy meals that horses enjoy. They like to have hay! Yes, you will not be too hard-pressed when it comes on to feeding your pony, especially if you live near grassy wide open spaces. Ponies also like to eat leaves, twigs, vines, shrubs, and various other plants.
How Long Will a Pony Live?
- Ponies and horses will naturally share the same duration in lifespan. Ponies can live from anywhere between 25 to 30 years.
What Is the Gestation Period?
- All equines (horses, ponies, donkeys, etc.) have the same gestation period, which is 11 months. A pony will naturally carry a single foal until the time of birth.
If you own or plan to acquire a pony any time soon, you will need in-depth knowledge of the different types. Ponies that hate running, that like to run and jump—ponies come in different breeds with different qualities and temperaments. The basic list below has ponies your kids will love.
Read More From Pethelpful
- Here is one pony that the kids will have a ball with.
- This is not a very energetic breed and can seem docile at times.
- The Ariegeois was commonly used as a workhorse in mines.
- Now, these pint-size hoses are popular pets across America.
Black Forest Chestnut
- This breed can be either a pony or horse depending on the size reached by adulthood.
- The Black Forest chestnut pony can reach 14.3 to 15.2 hands.
- Characteristics are an elegant head, a strong neck, a strong body, hard feet, and some feathering.
- Colors include sorrel and dark chestnut with a shaggy mane and tail.
- The Caspian was once on the verge of extinction, but surprisingly a few still exist today.
- With proper training, these ponies will be good for kids.
- You cannot deny the distinctive look of the Caspian pony, with its high set tail, flat croup, and narrow frame that stands at 10 to 12 hands.
- They are great for jumping.
- Standing at 13 to 14 hands, the Connemara is a very attractive pony.
- It possesses a silky mane and tail, strong quarter, wide chest, and long back.
- This pony comes in attractive colors such as chestnut, palomino, dun, black, and grey.
- The Connemara stems from lines of Arabian and thoroughbred horses.
- They possess good running stamina and are quite intelligent.
- The temperament of a Connemara is very good and will be loved by any child.
- The Dartmoor is fantastic with children and stands at 12.2 hands high.
- They come in a variety of colors such as bay, grey, and brown. Its kind temperament makes it a favorite among pony lovers.
- This pony has mostly been used for jumping, harnessing, and mining.
- The pony's features make it quite comfortable to ride.
- If you need a pony that is great with children and is good at herding and jumping, then the Exmoor is a good choice.
- The Exmoor stands at 12.3 hands tall and comes in colors such as bay and brown.
- The Falabella pony is the smallest in the world, standing at just 35 inches.
- This pony will be adored as a pet for children because of its gentle temperament.
- This breed has two fewer ribs than other ponies and therefore is a bit fragile when it comes on to riding.
- Most people who own this type of pony say it's similar to a poodle.
- This pony stands at 14 hands high and is very intelligent.
- It has a nice temperament which makes it great around children.
- They are normally used for pleasure riding but are also capable of herding cattle.
- The Galiceno has sounds legs, a graceful neck, and a fine head.
Where to Buy Ponies and How Much They Cost
Don't be fooled by the size of a pony and think that it will just cost a fraction of a horse. Ponies can fetch the same price and even more than any horse. The average cost of ponies begins at $1000 and goes upwards. They can be bought from breeding farms.
When you decide to purchase your pony, you must do due diligence and exam in the animal before making your purchase. Feel the animal to ensure that there are no hidden faults before you buy. Ensure that it has good vision and hearing. Describe to the breeder what you are looking for in a pony. Are you simply looking for a pleasure-ride pony, a show pony, or one for herding?
Many breeds have thicker manes, tails, and coats than normal horses and will require a bit more grooming and brushing to keep them from getting tangled. Groom your pony at least once per week using grooming kits designed specifically for ponies. Many owners actually plait (or braid) manes and tails for this same purpose and to give the animal a more attractive look. Acquire a pony grooming kit the day you get your pony so you can keep it looking attractive.
Common Pony Illnesses
Even though all equines are subject to the same type of diseases, ponies and donkeys are more susceptible to hyperlipemia—a disturbance of the lipid metabolism which may cause high blood levels of triglycerides and fat. They may also suffer from impaired liver function as well. You can tell if your pony is suffering from this illness if you observe the following symptoms:
- Edema (accumulation of fluid at the belly)
- Weakness (standing less, less running)
- Appetite loss
Treatment depends on the type of hyperlipemia, even though some common treatments include:
- Nutrition support
- Administering of insulin
- Stress and depression treatment
Equine Cushing Disease
Another common pony disease is equine Cushing's disease (ECD). ECD is caused by abnormalities in the pony's pituitary gland and will lead to laminitis and insulin resistance. Laminitis is a very painful inflammatory condition of the laminae tissues that bond the hoof wall to the pedal (coffin) bone in the hoof.
- Restricting grazing
- Grass hay with low carbohydrate levels
- Diet of balancer pellet
Prevention is always better than cure. You should vaccinate your pony against diseases it may be exposed to. This will help your pony to build up its immune system against disease or infections around the home, barn, or the wider environment. If you want your pony to happily and healthfully live for a long time, ensure that you vaccinate and keep your pony healthy. It is your responsibility as an owner to do so. There are charts online which will guide you on the schedule and type of vaccination needed, or you can simply consult with your local vet.
Ponies Are Loads of Fun!
Go ahead and get your pony. They are smart, fun, and good to have on the farm. Keep an in-the-know attitude when it comes to your pony: Know when it is ill, when it is happy, when it just wants to let loose. Take care of your pony and your pony will take care of you!
© 2015 Clive Williams
lily O'Keeffe on August 09, 2020:
what would be the best horse far a ten year old?
Clive Williams (author) from Jamaica on February 05, 2018:
Hey Silvia it's always sad to loose a pet. Once you love that animal you will never forget. But you have a horse, give it the same love.
Clive Williams (author) from Jamaica on March 06, 2017:
Hey Andi, I cannot tell your what kind of pony it is unless i see a picture. But this article list some of the more popular breeds. All you need to do is ask the person who you are getting the pony from what breed it is. If they don't know, just print this article and take with you and use it as a guide.
Andi on March 06, 2017:
So, I'm getting a pony soon and I was wondering what breed it was... Any suggestions??
Clive Williams (author) from Jamaica on October 23, 2015:
go ahead frank....buy a pony today!:)
Frank Atanacio from Shelton on October 22, 2015:
helpful information.. if you plan on owning a pony..:)
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[2017-New-Dumps]Instant Microsoft 70-534 PDF and 70-534 VCE Free Download in Braindump2go[143-180]
2017/New Microsoft 70-534: Architecting Microsoft Azure Solutions Exam Questions Updated Today!
1.|2017/New 70-534 Exam Dumps (PDF & VCE) 190Q&As Download from Braindump2go.com:
2.|2017/New 70-534 Exam Questions & Answers:
You have an on-premises data center and an Azure subscription.
The Azure subscription has services that are hosted in the East US region.
You have servers that run Windows Server 2012 R2.
The servers are located on-premises and in both Azure regions.
You plan to deploy Microsoft System Center 2012 R2 Data Protection Manager (DPM) to protect all of the servers. The DPM deployment has the following requirements:
– Centralize the management of all backups.
– Minimize the costs associated with bandwidth usage
– Protect Microsoft SharePoint and Microsoft SQL Server workloads for up to nine years
You need to recommend which components must be configured to support the planned deployment.
What should you include in the recommendation? To answer, select the appropriate options in the answer area.
Number of DPM servers: 0-3?
Number of Azure backup vaults: 0-2?
Number of DPM servers: 1
Number of Azure backup vaults: 2
You work for a company named Contoso, Ltd.
The network contains an on premises Active Directory domain that has Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS). Contoso uses an internally developed claims … App1.
You implement directory synchronization with Azure Active Directory (Azure AD).
You need to recommend which configuration should be performed to… Single-Sign-On to App1 to…authenticated by Azure AD.
Which two configuration should you include in the recommendation?..
A. Azure AD as claims provided trust
B. App1 as a claims provide
C. Azure AD as relying party trust
D. App1 as relying party trust
You need to encrypt a media file. Which type of encryption should you use?
A. Secure token service
You have an Azure subscription named Subscription1.
You create several Azure VMs in Subscription1.
All of the VMs belong to the same virtual network.
You have an on-premises Hyper-V server named Server1.
Server1 hosts a virtual machine named VM1.
You plan to replicate VM1 to Azure.
You need to create additional objects in Subscription1 to support the planned deployment.
Which three objects should you create? Each correct answer presents part of the solution.
A. An Azure Site Recovery vault
B. An endpoint
C. A protection group
D. A Hyper-V site
E. A storage account
F. A Traffic Manager
You develop an ASP.NET Web API that is hosted as an Azure Web API.
The API uses a WebJob to process information.
The WebJob has a very long start up time.
You configure the WebJob to run continuously.
You observe that the WebJob is not running and processing information as expected.
You need to ensure the WebJob runs continuously.
What should you do?
A. Update the API to self-host by using the Open Web interface for .NET (OWIN).
Migrate the API to Azure Service Fabric.
B. Enable the Always On configuration setting for the Web App.
C. Include a settings. Job JSON file at the root of the WebJob zip file and include a valid CRON expression.
D. Schedule the WebJob by using the Azure Scheduler.
You are the administrator for a company that has an Azure Premium Storage account.
You receive a .vhdx from the development team.
You plan to create one unique Azure virtual machine (VM) from the file.
You plan to run the VM as a domain controller.
You need to upload the -vhdx file to Azure.
Which four actions should you perform in sequence? To answer, move the appropriate actions from the list actions to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.
– Register the .vhdx file as an Azure OS disk.
– Run the following Azure PowerShell cmdlet: Convert-VHD
– Create a new DS series Azure VM instance.
– Upload the file to an Azure Storage account.
– Register the .vhdx file as an Azure VM image.
– Run Sysprep.
Run the following Azure PowerShell cmdlet: Convert-VHD
Upload the file to an Azure Storage account
You are designing an Azure application that provides online backup storage for hundrers of media files. Each file is larger than 1 GB.
The data storage solution has the following requirements.
– Be capable of storing an average of 2 terabytes (TB) of data for each user.
– Support sharing of data between all Microsoft Azure instances
– Provide random read/write access
You need to recommend a durable date storage solution.
What should you recommend?
A. Azure Page Blob
B. Azure Block Blob
C. Local storage on the VM
D. Store data in the VHD file
Your company has an Azure subscription.
The company plans to implement an Azure Web App nameb WebApp1.
You need to recommend a solution to optimize the compute resources consumed by the Web App. The solution must minimize costs and provide a separation of resources.
Which service plan should you recommend?
You develop a new Azure Web App that uses multiple azure Blobs and static content.
You need to minimize the time to load individual pages.
What should you do?
A. Create a services layer by using and Azure-hosted ASP.NET web API.
B. Migrate the Web App to Azure Services Fabric.
C. Enable the Always On feature of the Web App.
D. Use an Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN)
E. Implement an Azure Redis Cache.
You manage a cloud service that has one Web Role instance, and several Worker Role instances. The cloud services has multiple tiers. Different groups develop and maintain each tier.
You need to ensure that the cloud service remains highly available and responsive when the worker roles are performing extensive work.
What should you do?
A. Create an availability set with two or more virtual machines.
B. Create an availability set for each tier of the application.
C. Create a resource group.
D. Implement auto-scaling for the Worker Roles.
You need to support the disaster recovery requirements of the web application and API.
Which two actions should you perform? Each correct answer presents part of the solution.
A. Configure automated backups of the API and web application.
B. Create a new Azure SQL Data Warehouse and connect it to the web application and API.
C. Deploy the API and web application to multiple locations.
D. Enable Application Insights for the web application and API.
E. Create an Azure Redis Cache for the web application and API.
1.Braindump2go|2017/New 70-534 Exam Dumps (PDF & VCE) 190Q&As Download from Braindump2go.com:
2.Braindump2go|2017/New 70-534 Study Guide:
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29th March 2020 – 4th April 2021
World Autism Awareness Week is a huge part of helping us work towards our vision of creating a world which recognises, understands and values autistic people. World Autism Awareness Week is a chance for you to join in the fun, raising some much-needed funds and awareness of autism in your school, workplace or organisation in the process.
How can you get involved?
Join us for our annual #SillySockDay: By donning your most ridiculous socks you, your workplace or your School can help support autistic individuals across the East Midlands by raising funds and awareness. We’d love to see what you get up to, so be sure to share images of your fetching footwear on social media! You can do this by using #SillySockDay #SockSelfie and tagging us in your post.
firstname.lastname@example.org and a member of the team will look after you throughout your fundraising journey.
Fundraise in your School or Workplace: Gather your friends or colleagues together have fun and raise invaluable funds as well as awareness of autism. Fun and creative ideas are always welcome and our fundraising team can help to maximise your fun and educate all involved along the way.
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The SA Government is urging regional Queenslanders to provide input regarding a new plan to manage water in the Great Artesian Basin. The plan aims to support development and protect existing users.
Minister for State Development and Minister for Natural Resources and Mines, Dr Anthony Lynham, recently released proposals to be considered for a new plan for Queensland’s share of Australia’s biggest groundwater basin.
“Water from the Great Artesian Basin supports town water supplies, irrigated agriculture, grazing and resource ventures as well as springs of significant cultural and environmental value,” he said.
“The current plan expires on 1 September 2016 so we need a new science-based plan to support economic growth and jobs while ensuring groundwater flows to existing water users and natural ecosystems.
“There is increasing demand for water in the Basin so it’s important that we take a strategic approach to prevent negative impacts that could compromise other water users and the natural environment.
“I encourage anyone with an interest in the Great Artesian Basin to provide their input.”
The Great Artesian Basin underlies more than 1.7 million square kilometres of Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia and the Northern Territory and stores about 64,000 million megalitres of water. About 70 per cent of the Basin lies within Queensland.
Dr Lynham said the plan would involve science-based technical assessments and extensive community consultation; including with the Great Artesian Basin Advisory Council. The Council is a ministerial advisory body comprised of representatives of water users, industry, regional councils and landholder peak bodies.
The Department of Natural Resources and Mines will also host a series of public consultation sessions about the new plan in regional Queensland communities from Normanton to Goondiwindi during October and November.
Submissions close at 5pm on 20 November 2015.
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ASD-STAN PREN 4266
Aerospace series Bearing spherical plain, metal to metal, in corrosion resisting steel, cadmium plated Wide series Dimensions and loads Inch series
|Publication Date:||30 June 2010|
This standard specifies the characteristics of spherical plain bearings, metal to metal, in corrosion resisting steel, cadmium plated and chromated, wide series, inch series for aerospace applications.
They are intended for use in fixed or moving parts of the aircraft structure and their control mechanisms.
They shall be used in the temperature range - 54 °C to 150 °C. As they are lubricated by means of the following greases:
Code A: Grease as per MIL-PRF-23827C, operating temperature range - 73 °C to 121 °C.
Code B: Grease as per MIL-PRF-81322G, operating temperature range - 54 °C to 177°C.
The range of application for bearings lubricated with grease per code A is limited to 121 °C.
In both cases the spherical surface of the outer or inner ring have to be provided with a dry-film lubricant as per MIL-PRF-46010F or equivalent (anti-seizing protection).
The slide hole treatment either at the outer ring or inner ring.
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How Tuition Increases Affect College Students
26 SEP 2017
The cost of a college degree has risen steadily over the past three decades, with Bloomberg News reporting a 1,200 percent increase since 1978, outpacing the rate of inflation. CNN reports that as of 2012, the average private school tuition is about $25,000, while the average public school tuition is just under $6,000. State budget cuts have mandated faster tuition increases over the past several years, and these tuition hikes can have unintended, and occasionally disastrous, consequences for college students.
1 Decreased Enrollment
Although college enrollment has increased significantly over the past 30 years, tuition hikes can decrease the number of students who choose to enroll. The New York Times reported in 2013 that many colleges are projecting lower enrollment rates for the coming years, and Time reported in 2012 that college enrollment has slipped slightly over the past few years. A 2011 study published in Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis predicted a 0.25 percent decline in college enrollment for every $100 added to tuition. In a world where a college degree is increasingly necessary, higher tuition rates can limit people's access to good jobs.
2 Slower Graduation Times
Many colleges charge students per course hour they take. When students can't afford the cost of a full course load, they may choose to take fewer classes, which can have a snowball effect. For example, a student who doesn't take a required prerequisite for other classes could see her graduation date pushed back significantly.
3 Academic Effects
Students who choose to stay in school may have to work longer hours at more demanding jobs to cover their expenses. This can interfere with academic performance. A 2002 study by the State Public Interest Research Group's Higher Education Project found that working full-time can harm grades. Forty-two percent of survey respondents reported that working hurt their academic progress, and 53 percent reported that work limited the classes they could take.
4 Dropping Out
If students can't make enough money to cover the cost of tuition hikes and can't get more money in loans or scholarships, they may have no choice but to drop out. The Los Angeles Times reports that tuition hikes can contribute to increased dropout rates. A student whose graduation date has been delayed by rate increases or who is having academic trouble due to working full-time might be particularly likely to decide to give up on college.
- 1 Bloomberg: Cost of College Degree in U.S. Soars 12-Fold
- 2 CNN Money: Tuition at Public Colleges Rises 4.8%
- 3 The New York Times: Downturn Still Squeezes Colleges and Universities
- 4 Time: Why Is College Enrollment Dropping?
- 5 The State Public Interest Research Group's Higher Education Project: At What Cost?
- 6 Los Angeles Times: California Universities' Tuition Hikes Raise Concern
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Blue skies ahead for Asean airlines with more flight options, transfers
Asean’s push to loosen protectionist chains that prevent the 10-nation bloc from operating as a single, wide open sky, gained good momentum when the region’s transport ministers and officials met in Singapore recently.
Four air deals, inked at the end of the two-day meeting on Oct 13, were especially significant.
The first was the adoption of the Asean Air Traffic Management Master Plan to facilitate and manage aircraft movement across the region in a more integrated manner. The aim is to enhance airspace capacity and safety, cut flight delays and lower operational costs for airlines.
Member states also agreed to allow domestic code-share rights between points within the territory of any Asean member state. This means a Singapore carrier can partner an Indonesian airline to offer Singapore travelers a single booking for a Singapore-Jakarta flight and, from there, to another Indonesian destination operated by the Indonesian carrier. Currently, code-share services are limited to international flights such as Singapore-Jakarta ones.
This paves the way for Asean airlines to expand their international networks without deploying their own aircraft. Travelers, meanwhile, can expect more flight options and convenient transfers from one airline to another.
Members have also decided to progressively ease restrictions on trade in air transport ancillary services within Asean. This includes, for example, relaxing ownership restrictions for a company from one Asean state to set up a firm in another Asean country to offer ground-handling services at airports.
On manpower issues, all 10 member countries will mutually recognize licensing requirements for flight crew, including pilots. This will allow licenses to be easily validated or converted, making it easier for flight crew to move from one Asean carrier to another.
The signings are significant. They testify to a strong will for collaboration and cooperation.
But as history has shown, and given the highly fragmented and diverse region, with countries and their airlines at different stages of development, execution will be challenging.
To be fair, Asean has done well in the last decade in its push for a single integrated aviation market.
From tight control over who can fly where and how often, airlines based in Asean countries can now operate freely within the region, with the full ratification of the region’s open skies deal last year.
The progressive liberalization over the years, including the easing of visa requirements, has allowed for more flights, including budget services, and convenient inter-Asean journeys. Travelers have gained with lower fares and more places to explore. Today, a Singaporean can travel to any Asean country without a visa and the same holds for any Asean national entering the Republic.
Notwithstanding these achievements, Asean has a long way to go before borders truly melt away. Theoretically, open skies should mean no restrictions for airlines, as long as they can secure landing and take-off slots for their planes, and arrange for ground services at airports they want to fly to. In reality, though, not all Asean member states have opened all their airports to competition. Indonesia allows free access for passenger flights to just five cities – Jakarta, Surabaya, Medan, Denpasar and Makassar.
And while open skies should include what is termed as fifth freedom rights — the right for an airline from one country to fly to an airport in another country and from there to a third country — Asean has not completely adopted this. Fifth freedom rights exist, but only within the region, and not beyond.
So Singapore Airlines could, if it wanted to, operate a Singapore-Kuala Lumpur-Bangkok service without the need for regulatory approval, but not from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur and from there to a third country outside Asean.
When it comes to airline ownership, foreigners are not allowed to hold a majority stake. So a Singapore carrier, for example, must be majority-owned by a Singaporean or Singapore firm. It is, therefore, noteworthy that Asean has now decided to ease some of the restrictions, starting with ancillary services such as ground-handling work.
Apart from flight and equity barriers, there are also air traffic management issues to tackle, in particular Indonesia’s request over the last two years for Singapore to return part of Indonesia’s air space that the Republic currently manages.
Since 1946, Singapore has overseen parts of Indonesian air space in Riau, including the resort islands of Batam and Bintan. The responsibility was handed to the Republic by the United Nations’ International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), which regulates global commercial aviation. Unless this and other issues are sorted out, Asean’s single aviation market vision will remain elusive.
While Asean has never publicly said what a single market would entail, Europe offers the best example of such a system. There, air traffic is centrally managed by Eurocontrol – an inter-governmental organization with over 40 member states and about 2,000 personnel spread over four European countries.
Airlines fly freely within and beyond the zone, and operate as businesses instead of flag carriers. This allows them to merge between borders, for example, and have better access to funding.
Within what is known as the Schengen Area, nationals from 26 European countries including Germany and Norway, do not need to show their passports when travelling between these countries.
There are many reasons why such a system would benefit Asean travelers and economies, and in particular, the tourism and other related sectors. There are also good reasons why it is unlikely to ever happen in this part of the world.
For one, many, if not all, governments – whether they would admit to it or not – are protective of their national carriers, which fly their state flags. The natural tendency, as far as possible, is to shield them from extreme competition, especially against stronger neighboring airlines.
There are many ways this can and is being done, even with open skies.
The best landing and take-off slots, for example, can be reserved for national carriers, while foreign airlines are told they can’t mount additional services because the runways, terminals and air traffic controllers cannot cope with the extra flights.
Asean countries are also unlikely to loosen airline ownership strings, given the typically symbiotic relationship between the state and its national carriers. It is also common for states to want to wield some influence over their airlines, which is easier done if the airlines stay within the control of nationals.
For security reasons, given the heightened terrorist threat in the last few years, the chances of a single Asean visa are also slim, if not impossible.
Such barriers, though, should not derail Asean’s ambitions for further integration and cooperation. In air traffic management, more can be done to enhance communication so that flights can be better planned to cut travel time and ensure smooth handover from one air traffic control center to another.
Joint training, as well as sharing of technical and operational expertise, must be encouraged so that less-developed member states can beef up their facilities and resources. This, in turn, would allow Asean to handle more flights and compete more effectively against other regions for air traffic.
There is no doubt that Asean understands the need for air liberalization. The challenge is for political leaders and policymakers to look beyond the interests of their flag carriers and aviation firms, and focus on what is best for the country’s overall economy.
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Belfast is one of the South_Africa city. It is located at the longitude of 30.017655 and latitude of -25.692345. Zante is a greece city located at the longitude of 20.737655 and latitude of 37.787655 . The total distance between Belfast and Zante is 7126 KM (kilometers) and 853.78 meters. The mile based measurement distance is 4428.4 miles
Belfast direction from Zante:Belfast is located nearly south side to Zante.
Travel duration from Belfast to Zante is around 142.54 Hours if your travel speed is 50 KM per Hour. Zante travelers are welcome to visit our travel driving direction page for detail information with road map. Traveling from Belfast to Zante is connected by more than one route. Soon you may expect those various travel routes to reach Zante.
belfast travel guide provides the travel distance guide from belfast and the following cities; distance between Belfast and Copenhagen, distance between Belfast and Corfu, distance between Belfast and Cork, distance between Belfast and Crete, distance between Belfast and Croatia.
Belfast to Zante fuel cost can be calculated using our fuel cost calculator. It is calculated based on the kilometer and your vehicle fuel consumption per mileage
You are welcome to use our Belfast to Zante road map and travel planning tool to assist your travel. It shows surrounding tourist places and important places. If there is a bus route between Belfast to Zante, you can check our bus route map. Belfast weather and Zante weather is also vaialble at our weather map. Belfast elevation and Zante altitude available in elevation map.
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28 December 2020
Recording of the week: Sámi Yoik; evoking reindeer, the wind and 'wind nose'
This week's selection comes from Finlay McIntosh, World & Traditional Rights intern for Unlocking our Sound Heritage.
Although in the UK, reindeer are associated with Christmas and winter wonderlands, for Europe’s only recognized indigenous community, the Sámi, they are a part of everyday life.
The Sámi inhabit Sápmi—a territory stretching from the northern areas of Norway, through Sweden and Finland to the Kola Peninsula in Russia—and their livelihoods traditionally revolved around reindeer herding. This way of life has largely changed throughout decades of modernization and cultural assimilation into nation-states but the reindeer has remained central to Sámi culture and identity.
We see this strong bond between the Sámi and their animals in these examples of traditional yoik or joik, recorded by Maggie Hamilton in 1997, in Jokkmokk, Sweden.
Yoiking is an age-old Sámi tradition that can have many functions. In the past, some yoiks were used in shamanistic rituals to contact the spirit world, whereas nowadays some tell epic narratives and stories for entertainment. Some yoiks can be extremely personal and are used to evoke an ancestor or friend, whereas others can act as a personal signature, which if performed, can be seen by others as boastful. Sámi parents can yoik their children to sleep like a lullaby or even drown out a baby’s crying with their powerful performances.
A yoik is a direct reflection of its subject, which can be anything from a person, place or landscape to an animal, including, of course, the reindeer. Through performance, the yoiker tries to express the soul of what is being yoiked, and in effect, yoiks the subject into being. This is why it is often said that a yoik is not about something; it is that thing.
This also brings up interesting questions about musical ownership. As a World and Traditional Music Rights Intern, I spend a lot of my time contacting rights holders, who we consider the owners of the recordings in our collections. Whereas we may think the creator or performer of a piece of music is its owner, the Sámi hold a different view: as yoiking attempts to evoke the subject into being, it is thought that the subject owns the yoik, rather than the performer.
This is certainly the case when yoiking people but perhaps yoiking reindeer is another matter. Needless to say, I have not asked any reindeer for their permission to use these recordings!
In this first example, the performer yoiks an adult reindeer, which he describes as heargi, or a big and strong reindeer. This is just one of the hundreds of different and often poetic descriptive words the Sámi reindeer herders use to differentiate the reindeer in their herds. The Sámi language’s extensive reindeer-related vocabulary describes every possible size, shape, colouring, temperament and antler position of the animal. We can hear how the performer evokes this heargi reindeer bull with his rich, deep voice.
In this second example, the performer yoiks the wind. Introducing the yoik, he tells us how the wind helps the reindeer herders to navigate vast expanses of tundra and locate their herds. He says that because reindeer often run face-first into the strong-blowing north wind, the wind tells the herders which way the reindeer are travelling – North. This also helps the herders to find their animals easily.
This is a fascinating example of how yoiks can contain and transmit knowledge specific to the Sámi lifestyle. They can pass on knowledge about reindeer management practices and navigation as well as expressing the close connection between animal and environment.
In this final example, the performer yoiks biegganjunit, or wind nose, which is a very specific metaphor embedded in Sámi culture that conjures up the image of the reindeer as they are running against the blowing wind with the ice-cold air rushing up their noses. The performer tells us that although this yoik contains few actual words, it depicts the scene of these reindeer as they run, smelling for the scent of wolves and other predators that are being carried in the wind.
Again, this shows that the meaning of a yoik does not just come from the lyrics. In fact, some yoik do not have any words at all. Yoiks can express a meaning that goes beyond words but this can only be understood when the performer and their audience are closely connected.
Yoiking and other elements of Sámi culture were repressed throughout periods of Christianization and state assimilation efforts. However, since the 1960s, it has experienced a revival. Sámi yoik has been incorporated into a variety of popular music genres and has gained more visibility on the international stage—it even made an appearance at the 2019 Eurovision Song Contest with Norway’s entry “Spirit in the Sky,” performed by Keiino. By continuing to yoik throughout history, the Sámi manage to maintain their cultural identity and now the tradition is thought to be one of the oldest continuous musical practices in Europe.
However, yoiking is an oral tradition at its core and some have questioned the value of documenting it in archives. As these recordings show, much of a yoik’s meaning is created between the yoiker, what is being yoiked and an initiated audience who can construct meaning by connecting the dots. When yoiks have such a strong attachment to a specific place, people and environment, some argue that if removed from that context, written down, recorded or translated, yoiks lose their complex layers of meaning and feeling. How can they mean anything to people who are not Sámi and do not know the specific contexts from which they come from? Despite this, without archives, many of these traditional yoiks—untouched by folklorizations and Eurovision song contest sparkle—would have been forgotten and not passed onto the younger generation of Sámi.
If you want to learn more about the yoik recordings in the Maggie Hamilton Collection, you can read the catalogue entries in our Sound and Moving Image catalogue. There are examples of yoik evoking bears, moose, mountains, the performer’s grandfather and even Christianized yoik, with the performer providing fascinating information about the tradition, its history and meanings.
These sound recordings were donated by Maggie Hamilton to the British Library and have been digitised as part of the Unlocking our Sound Heritage project, funded by the National Lottery Heritage Fund.
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What is a Bolt Carrier Group (BCG)?
Everyone with an even passing knowledge of the AR-15 platform knows that the bolt carrier group is one of its most critical components. But what exactly is a BCG and how does it function?
The BCG is the part responsible for loading a new bullet into the chamber, firing that bullet with the help of the firing pin and then ejecting the spent casing. The gas released in the process spins the bolt inside the carrier, meaning another round is ready to be fired.
This whole process involves high pressure, high temperature and a lot of moving parts, making it easy to understand why the reliability of the AR15 largely depends on the design and durability of the BCG.
Different types of Bolt Carrier Groups (BCGs)
Essentially, bolt carrier groups can be separated into 3 main types:
- Full auto
- Semi auto
- Low mass
Full Auto Bolt Carrier Groups
Full auto (or M16-style) BCGs are designed to be used by military and law enforcement but they don't automatically make a rifle automatic. In fact, all that means is that the BCG is a bit heavier, which actually increases the reliability of the carrier. Most BCGs on the market today are full-auto ones.
Semi Auto Bolt Carrier Groups
Semi-auto BCGs have an extra cut at the bottom of the tail which increases the cycling rate. For this reason, these types of BCGs are preferred for sporting competitions.
Low Mass Bolt Carrier Groups
Low mass (or lightweight) BCGs are usually designed of lighter metal alloys allowing to shed as much of the weight as possible. While this increases the cycle rate of the rifle even more, it usually impacts accuracy and thus requires a more skilled shooter.
BCG Coatings and Why They Matter
Bolt carrier groups are offered in different types of coatings (finishes), but do they make any difference or is it just there for show? Sharps BCGs come with a few different coatings and our choice has been carefully made. Let's have a look.
- Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) is the most commonly used coating for our BCGs. This is a very solid coating that prolongs the life of your carrier by protecting it from corrosion. It also has an extremely low coefficient of friction making for a smooth shooting and a no-hassle cleaning.
- Nib-X coatings are made out of a nickel boron alloy which give the carrier a silver and shiny look. Nib-X carriers are slick to the touch and prevent soot deposits. Cleaning is as simple as wiping any dirt off.
- NP3® - our Relia-Bolts™ are all coated in NP3®, an electroless nickel-based finish. This process co-deposits sub-micron particles of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), commonly known as Teflon™, for self-lubricating corrosion resistance.
Bolt Carrier Groups from S7 Tool Steel
S7 has excellent shock absorbing properties which provide superior impact resistance when being utilized in the construction of Bolt Carrier Groups. S7 demonstrates high strength and toughness as well as a resistance to softening at moderately high temperatures, i.e. operating temperatures not exceeding 1000°F.
The properties we as shooters look for in an AR platform BCG, are hardness and wear resistance. S7 provides such attributes when heat-treated properly. Sharps has found that the key benefits from S7 tool steel are higher tensile strength and toughness which translate to longevity of use, i.e., a higher number of cycles the bolt can handle before it fails.
Sharps BCGs vs. Mil-Spec BCGs
Here at Sharps we pride ourselves on going beyond Mil-Spec carriers in terms of the materials we use and the overall reliability of our BCGs.
This has been confirmed time and again, including by independent test such as the one carried out by the Ballistic Edge. They put Sharps BCG under different unfavorable conditions (dry bolt without lubrication, over-lubricated bolt, mud, coarse sand and fine dust) and compared their performance with that of several different Mil-Spec BCGs.
Under all conditions, the Xtreme Performance Bolt outperformed Mil-Spec BCGs, with an improvement in the average malfunction rates of between 45% and 60%.
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With trade between Russia and India far below its potential, the two countries are contemplating creating a ‘green corridor’ for the smooth transit of goods, India’s business newspaper the Economic Times reported.
The idea to ease customs procedures was proposed by Russia’s Federal Customs Service and discussed during Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin’s meeting with Indian Foreign Minister Sushma Swaraj.
“The main advantage of the ‘green corridor’ is that goods being transported by entrepreneurs will not have to undergo customs inspection and examination when crossing the border — measures now commonly used to minimize risks. This also applies to documents,” explained a person familiar with the matter.
The two countries want to create a list of entrepreneurs or companies whose goods will be exempt from regular customs inspections. It is also assumed that green corridor participants would have a separate post and a special inspector at the customs terminal.
The volume of current Indo-Russian trade is about $10 billion and the countries have set a goal of tripling it over the next ten years. Moscow and New Delhi also want to significantly boost mutual investment.
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<urn:uuid:38ecf7c1-d7b0-4620-8184-cf02d9b98f96>
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http://www.brics-info.org/russia-india-consider-green-corridor-to-boost-trade/
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Why Do Field Lines Never Cross?
Field lines refer to the electric field lines which is actually invisible but existing. This concept was introduced by Michael Faraday. He conceptualized that there are pattern of lines emitted by the electric field. If an object is charged, then the space surrounding that objects is affected, thereby may create an electrified web of space. The field also makes use of a certain force on objects which are electrically charged.
In reality, there are no field lines but it was conceptualized to visualize the field and to understand how the magnetic fields work together. If these lines are visible then, these will not cross because there are forces that affect the forces of one another. This means that the electric field lines are opposing from each other. The lines in the filed may not be seen by the naked eye but the forces do exist. The lines do not interfere with each other and will never interfere with each other.
Field lines also carry with them the same charge. They always start from positive and end with a negative charge. In physics, opposite charges attract. In the case of field lines, they have the same charges so they could never attract one another. They will always repel no matter what the circumstances are.
Electric field lines are an imaginary line where the positively charged object moves towards the negatively charged. Because of these, electric field diagrams always have the features of being perpendicular to the surface where the object which is charged met. Field lines never intersect each other that’s why they never cross.
It’s impossible for 2 field lines to intersect or cross because if they do that means there were two directions of electric fields at the same point. In reality, there never was a time when electric fields go to different directions. Though imaginary, these lines follow the same pattern and that pattern will never allow them to cross.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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Story by Vardit Kohn
Illustration by Anna Temczuk
Until recently, there was no advocacy or central voice for the participants in clinical trials involving psychedelics. Now, there is PsyPAN, a non-profit organisation set up to connect and empower psychedelic participants. Founders Ian Roullier and Leonie Schneider both participated in such trials. Ian took part in the psilocybin for depression trials at Imperial College (2015) and Compass Pathways (2019). Leonie took part in the second phase of the psilocybin for depression study at Imperial College (2019) and the DMT for depression trial at Small Pharma (2022). They were later invited to take part in Dr. Rosalind Watts’ one-year integration programme, where they met.
Towards the end of the programme, Leonie and Ian discovered they had a shared interest – both in advocating for the spread of psychedelic treatment for mental health as well as having the patients’ perspective duly represented. No organisation representing the patient’s viewpoints existed, while the number of participants in psychedelic trials is increasing by the day. And as the standards for these novel treatments are now being developed, both felt that the voice of the patient needed to be heard louder.
So, in 2021, Leonie and Ian founded the Psychedelic Participant Advocacy Network: PsyPAN. It’s a non-profit organisation set up to connect and empower all psychedelic participants. PsyPAN aims to give a collective voice to all participants and help improve participant safety and wellbeing, by working on developing best practices across all levels of the global psychedelic sector – clinical and non-clinical alike.
As the psychedelic sector is expanding at a breathtaking pace, companies, clinicians and modern-day curanderos alike have a lot to learn from the persons seeking their help. We talked to Leonie and Ian for this interview.
Leonie and Ian will also be speaking at ICPR 2022, the psychedelic conference organised by the OPEN Foundation, which has been promoting psychedelic research and therapy since 2007.
What motivated you to set up PsyPAN?
Ian: We both participated in clinical trials designed to test the effects of psilocybin and DMT on depression. Our wildly varied, but generally positive personal experiences triggered a wish to bring these treatments to more people and at the same time ensure the treatments are delivered safely and responsibly.
Leonie: We want to ensure the ‘participant’s voice’ is taken into account when clinical trials are designed, so that the trials can be tailored to meet the wide range of experiences. Despite some unifying themes across the psychedelic experience,, it is such a personal process, and deep trauma and psychological issues can present in so many different ways. We want to provide a feedback loop: taking what participants say, giving that to industry, and having industry respond to what participants require in this process. So that we can ensure these treatments are tailored and take nuances and details into account.
Ian: Next to the ‘participants’ voice’ we keenly engage in advocacy work, destigmatizing the image of psychedelics, dispelling misunderstandings and fear. We are keen to ensure that more people can benefit from these treatments in a safe and appropriate way.
Is psychedelic therapy especially prone to safety risks?
Ian: Yes, psychedelic therapy is more risky than, for example, giving someone an SSRI. Psychedelic substances lay you bare and much more vulnerable, you can’t just get up and go back to work as if nothing happened. It is also their strength; but therein also lies the potential for healing.
Leonie: Safety is therefore key, so developing psychedelic safeguarding guidelines is where we can help organisations.
Where do you see your contribution to the rapidly developing market of psychedelic therapy?
Ian: We work with organisations to ensure that they have the finer details in place, and we hope to develop a model of best practice that organisations could follow.
Leonie: Sometimes there are issues organisations simply haven’t thought of because those involved haven’t suffered from the issues that people with a clinical diagnosis have gone through, nor have they taken part in clinical trials, so our feedback is valuable. We
aim to help ensure that trials or treatments are delivered safely and appropriately, because the more corners cut, the less effective the treatment will be.
What have you learned so far in the process that you were not expecting?
Ian: We found out that simply connecting people who have been through similar experiences is in itself of vital importance.
Leonie: Yeah. There is no community, or a place where you can go, to land after your experience. So it can be incredibly isolating. If you’ve been through a profound experience but can’t speak to anyone about it, you may still feel as isolated as you did pre-treatment, only in a different way. The circle of family and friends you go back to can’t necessarily understand what you have been through. We learned that there is a lot of value in simply creating a peer community for support.
If there was one thing you as participants in clinical trials would like to draw attention to, what would it be?
Ian : Open-label trials, in other words making sure that all participants who go through the process have access to a treatment dose. Contributing to science is wonderful, but if you’re so desperate as to be willing to participate in a clinical trial of a new substance, you really are in need of relief. To go through the process and only have a placebo is quite heartbreaking and potentially re-traumatising. To have access to the full treatment dose could therefore be life-saving for some.
Leonie: Integration. Both of us participated in Rosalind Watts’ “Connectedness” program at Synthesis Institute which was the precursor to Dr Watts’ ACER Integration Programme, which was hugely beneficial. It connected us in monthly group meetings and group work (two groups of 10 participants each) for one full year. The psychedelics are catalysts, they likely allow more progress to be made during the integration. But this kind of deep, long-term integration and connection work has been hugely beneficial.
Tell me more about Integration
Leonie: Having a space in which to integrate these experiences brought about by psychedelics is incredibly important, whether one-on-one or in a group, especially if the person has had long-term mental health issues. There is a need for longer-term and deeper level integration, not just a courtesy call of ‘how are you’. It’s about witnessing and supporting people every step of the journey.
As mentioned, we both participated in Rosalind Watts’ 1-year long “Connectedness” program. Due to Covid-19, the whole program was delivered online, which wasn’t the plan at all! And still it was so valuable. It kept many of us afloat, especially considering the pandemic. As long as there is a safe container, an online program can genuinely work.
The sweet spot could be to have online content enhanced with in-person meetings, hopefully in smaller, local groups (as treatments become more common) and outdoors, which allows for engagement with Nature.
What part did the connection with Nature play in your healing process?
Leonie: Reconnecting with Nature and with every living thing is very powerful. For example, watching the same tree go through its year-long cycle, especially during the dark, deathly-looking winter months, realising this period is part of a longer cycle, realizing there is still a lot happening under the surface even if above ground the tree looks barren – this was all very meaningful.
Most of mental illness is exacerbated by trying to avoid feelings as opposed to accepting them. When you learn to see low moods as “this is my Wintering, and Spring will come”, it creates a meaningful marker, a reference point.
What should organisations emphasise as the most important factors for a patient to consider before deciding to join a clinical psychedelic study?
Leonie: Organisations running clinical trials must make potential participants aware that the ‘trip day’ is just a catalyst. You’re in the process for the long run and there will be plenty of long-term, steady work that only starts after the day at the clinic. The importance of long-term integration and connection after the ‘trip day’ cannot and should not be underestimated.
Ian: Expectations should also be carefully managed regarding the chances of getting into the trial. Many people aren’t accepted. Furthermore, organisations would do well to question the kind of support networks potential candidates have in place, because a lot of support is needed right from the recruitment and screening stages. What further support is available during and after the treatment? Is there a community and family in place that can hold your experience, so you do not end up in crushing isolation, which might negate any benefit you could get from the treatment?
Organisations engaging in double-blind trials should also make it very clear that participants have a 50-50 chance of getting a placebo, which may result in disappointment. In the case of depression, you need to come off the anti-depressant medication, which makes you more vulnerable. You hope for an improvement but may end up with a placebo, with all the disappointment and anxiety this may cause. You may potentially end up in a worse position than you were before entering the trial.
To what extent if any does treatment with different psychedelic substances require different guidelines?
Leonie: It is certainly important to bear in mind what medicine you’re working with and then tailor the guidelines appropriately since the experiences vary in intensity, the type of in-session interaction and the kind of post-treatment support required depending on the medicine used. Furthermore, the theme of the session matters, too. As an example, if sexual issues are likely to arise, two therapists present and a recording of the sessions may provide more accountability.
How could the current positive hype around psychedelics impact patients and therapists?
Ian: There’s a risk in the current media hype for psychedelic therapy to be seen as a ‘one dose and you’re fixed forever’ treatment. It sets expectations too high, and, in the absence of legal treatments, people may opt to try the psychedelics themselves without appropriate support.
Psychedelics are catalysts, not cures. In reality, when it comes to mental health a lot of the healing work happens afterwards. It’s a long process that involves a lot of integration and support going forward. The focus should be more on the psychotherapy, not completely on the psychedelic aspect of the process. If this point isn’t made clear, the risk is that the treatments will be seen as ineffective, which would be a shame as there is huge potential in psychedelics.
How do participants’ opinions get heard through you?
Leonie: Participants who have been through the clinical trial setting are the ones most interested in our work, We raise awareness within organisations who run such trials and invite participants informally to join our efforts. Going forward, we want references to PsyPAN to be built into the treatment protocol so that participants can be seamly signposted to us and welcomes to participate if they choose to.
Speaking at ICPR and other events where participants are present is another way of creating awareness of our work. We also help organisations put together a working or focus group, so participants can share their experiences and have a say in the way trial protocols are designed.
Ian: As far as we know, there’s nobody doing exactly what we’re doing. If there are other such groups or networks, we will be delighted to connect with them and support each other. We’re all doing it for the greater good of people who are struggling with mental health conditions.
How do you view depression, as you were both treated for it.
Leonie: Depression is a disease of disconnection. In society we are disconnected in so many ways. Depression alerts us to a deep need to slow down, take deep rest and to reconnect: to Nature, to ourselves, to our feelings – all of them, including the painful ones.
Ian: We live in a world where we’re atomized and isolated, and the pandemic only exacerbated that. We are raised to dismiss a large part of our emotional range as human beings. We try to deny the more challenging parts of ourselves and our histories.
Leonie: Antidepressants are a powerful intervention when you are in an acute, overwhelming crisis. But they should be seen as a short-term, symptom management intervention. They should not be viewed as something that is taken indefinitely, as if depression was a terminal disease that you had to learn to live with, as they don’t just numb you to the negative emotions; they limit and numb you in many other ways, too. If you don’t deal with the underlying causes of your depression, the issues come up in a different way at a different time.
Ian: Psychedelics work in the completely opposite way: they enable you to connect with your full range of emotions and learn to be comfortable with your fuller self. Psychedelics help you dig down to the roots of your depression and work out new ways to deal with difficult feelings within a natural container that is larger than just yourself.
You mentioned several spiritual themes: connection to Nature, connection to something that is larger than us, the Cycle of Life. How does that sit with the current clinical, medical training?
Leonie: No participant or clinician starts the trial thinking clinically-diagnosed patients need more trees in their life… We must be careful not to be too reductionist – depression is not solely a function of neurochemistry. There needs to be some space for mystery, too.
Ian: Psychedelics can engender deeply profound spiritual experiences, which can manifest in different ways; we must not be prescriptive as to the nature of the spiritual experience to be expected. Yet organisations who run the studies must be aware that these experiences do happen.
Leonie: The concept of connectedness is a good place to start. Everyone can understand how being better connected to ourselves, each other and Nature is beneficial to all. It is definitely a point to bring to the discussion, otherwise we will be selling the psychedelic treatment short.
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SAGE II measurements of stratospheric aerosol properties at non-volcanic levels
- 1NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
- 2Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, Virginia, USA
- 3Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Abstract. Since 2000, stratospheric aerosol levels have been relatively stable and at the lowest levels observed in the historical record. Given the challenges of making satellite measurements of aerosol properties at these levels, we have performed a study of the sensitivity of the product to the major components of the processing algorithm used in the production of SAGE II aerosol extinction measurements and the retrieval process that produces the operational surface area density (SAD) product. We find that the aerosol extinction measurements, particularly at 1020 nm, remain robust and reliable at the observed aerosol levels. On the other hand, during background periods, the SAD operational product has an uncertainty of at least a factor of 2 due to the lack of sensitivity to particles with radii less than 100 nm.
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https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/8/983/2008/
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| 0.877596
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B&F Compendium of Jewish Genealogy
> Radzyń Podlaski
> FamilySearch Radzyń Podlaski Jewish Births, Marriages, Deaths 1826-1828, 1830-1831, 1833, 1846
|Archive:||Polish State Archives in Lublin|
|Summary:||Births, Marriages, Deaths 1826-1828, 1830-1831, 1833, 1846
Please share your experience with this resource in the comments below. In particular, share your tips on how to best use this resource, what you found useful, and your success stories if you were able to use this resource to help you in your genealogical research.
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<urn:uuid:1614e4d0-61fd-40db-84af-ddd5d4188dbc>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://bloodandfrogs.com/compendium/poland/lublin/radzyn-podlaski/f-753330
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| 0.795322
| 188
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The Council of Europe and the European Union established the European Day of Languages in 2001. The EDL is celebrated every day on September 26 all over Europe. For this year’s 20th anniversary edition, the European Centre for Modern Languages again took the lead, as one of the organizers, with Austrian partners, of the central EDL event in Graz. A diverse program celebrates various aspects of language learning and linguistic diversity.
At this year’s event, the keynote addressed was delivered by the Head of the Council of Europe Education Department, Sjur Bergan, who in his speech underlined the link between language, democracy and human rights; the speech (in German) is available here.
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<urn:uuid:c50fc962-f784-4a06-affd-53fbe9c4a946>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.coe.int/en/web/education/-/ecml-leads-the-celebration-of-the-european-day-of-languages
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| 0.954723
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Learn more about Phase 1b of the COVID-19 vaccination program.
How Phase 1b will work
Who can be vaccinated under Phase 1b?
Household contacts of quarantine and border workers
Critical and High Risk Workers
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
Adults with a specified underlying medical condition
Other eligible individuals
Specified underlying medical conditions
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https://waota.com.au/news/health-news-archives/covid-19-vaccination-program-phase-1b/
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| 0.826188
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Just in time for Halloween, a new spam relay worm has begun to circulate via e-mail attachments, aiming to turn PCs into e-mail-spewing zombies.
The worm, dubbed “Mimail.C,” is yet another iteration of the hearty W32 malware strain. It affects PCs running Windows 95 through Windows XP and was first discovered spreading through Europe and the United States on Friday. Internet security company Network Associates rated Mimail.C a medium-level threat.
According to an advisory sent out by IT security firm Guardent, the new Mimail worm does not appear to be destructive. However, because it replicates itself using address books from infected PCs, it has the potential to cause denial-of-service (DoS) outages.
Trick, No Treat
Emory Lundberg, a senior network security engineer at Guardent, told the E-Commerce Times that Mimail.C is not unique, but rather uses the same methods as other worms in its category.
“This one appeals to those who want to see naked pictures,” he said. “People click on it perhaps hoping this time it’s not a virus — but it is.”
The e-mail arrives in a victim’s inbox with the subject line: ” Re: our private photos (random characters here),” while the body of the message reads:
“Hello Dear!,Finally, i’ve found possibility to right u, my lovely girl :)All our photos which i’ve made at the beach (even when u’re withouur bh:))photos are great! This evening i’ll come and we’ll make the best SEX:)Right now enjoy the photos.Kiss, James.(random characters here)”
The worm hides within an e-mail attachment named PHOTOS.ZIP and is activated when a potential victim clicks on it.
Lundberg noted that a possible vulnerability in Outlook Express could activate this Mimail worm even when it has not been opened.
“Part of the problem is that Outlook Express formats messages based on Internet Explorer, so even if you have set up preferences [to be] secure, those settings can still change if the settings in the Web browser are changed,” Lundberg explained.
He said a patch released by Microsoft last April fixes the vulnerability. However, too many people, particularly home users, fail to keep up with the patching process.
“It’s preventative, like getting a checkup at the doctor,” Lundberg said, adding that users in this day and age should assume that attackers will try to compromise their PCs.
The Problem with Patches
Lundberg went on to say that companies like Microsoft increasingly are contacting users as much as possible, rather than relying on users to proactively download the appropriate patch.
However, this more active approach can be problematic for home users, many of whom still access the Internet with a dial-up connection, Gartner research director John Pescatore told the E-Commerce Times, noting that Microsoft’s patches tend to be enormous. “Some are around 34 megabytes in size,” he said. “If you have a dial-up connection, your phone lines could be tied up for four hours.”
Meanwhile, enterprises cannot use auto-update services because they first must assess patches and make sure the fixes do not conflict with existing network applications.
Pescatore noted that Microsoft’s Software Update Services (SUS) program is a good midway point for enterprises. With this service, patches are sent automatically to a company’s server, but IT administrators do not have to push the patches out to client PCs until they have passed all necessary tests.
Annoyance or Reminder?
Pescatore added that even though worms like Mimail are mostly annoyances, it is important to boost PC security anyway. In the future, he noted, similar worms could be set up to steal credit card numbers.
On a lighter note, he also suggested that future viruses and worms should be named the way hurricanes are — in alphabetical fashion.
“Virus names are getting kind of stupid,” he said.
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<urn:uuid:4a3c88d9-47e6-4e1f-b870-5ed793e5ee1b>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.linuxinsider.com/story/new-mimail-spam-worm-zeroes-in-on-pcs-32014.html
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en
| 0.932945
| 898
| 1.976563
| 2
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Where can i find my crypto wallet address?
where does the blockchain begin and end?
wallet hoe? is it free ?wallet hoe? is it free ?
where does the bitcoin start and end, where do the bitcoins come from? Where does they go to day after day, what are all these numbers that keeps appearing in front of us no one knows what they mean. Where can I use my crypto card for trading or not. Where do I need to register to exchange cryptocurrency for fiat currency, How many cryptos can I keep at once What are all those numbers on t…
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<urn:uuid:85ca78ba-e148-46cc-a530-4bf7a8374e65>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://crypto-lair.com/where-can-i-use-my-crypto-com-card/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz
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en
| 0.948291
| 121
| 1.507813
| 2
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False imprisonment is a common law wrong and also a tort which is dealt with in the form of wrongful confinement defined under the Section 340 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860. To define what the false imprisonment literally means, it is restraining the person in a confined area without any justification or the person’s consent. It may be of private detention or governmental detention. It is not essentially required that the person is actually put behind the bars or confined in any area where there is not a possibilty to escape but if the person who is boounded in an area feels that he is confined and not any way to free that space, then it will be said as false imprisonment. The only requirement in this that a reasonable person should feel that he is confined. For example, if a person’s is confined in a particular room by the government authorities without any justification to the person confined or his or her family members, not even the lawyer then the it will be said as false imprisonment. It doesn’t matter that it is done by the State because what really matters is the reason which has not been told to any person who is in some or the other manner conneceted to the plaintiff. In that case, the family members and the lawyer can bring a suit against the State in the court and can also file a writ of ‘Habeas Corpus’ that literally means ‘Now you may have the body’. Also, it should be added that the degree of detention or the imprisonment of the plaintiff does not matter but it is the absence of lawful authority to justify the unlawful confinement which is of relevance. Therefore, false imprisonment is actually an intentional tort like any of those such as assault, battery, unlawful harassment and invasion of privacy. In other words, it can also be said as the trespass to the person or any individual.
With accusation, there are some defence which the defendant can take in the case of consent of the plaintiff or voluntary assumption of the risk, probable cause and contributory negligence. The defendant can argue in the court of law that the plaintiff was confined because he consented to that act. He had full knowledge of the incident which took place and he voluntary took that. In these circumstances, the defendant will get complete defence and will not be liable for anything but in the case of contributory negligence, the complete defence will not be granted. The reason behind it is the plaintiff may have contributed to the act which happened with him or her but he was not wholly wrong. The defendant was liable and if he would have not initiated it in the first place, then this whole incident would have not taken place. The only remedy in this case which will be provided to the defendant will be that his some part of damages will be mitigated and then he will only have to pay some amount. Also, reasonable care and acting in good faith doesn’t matter in this tort and the person will still be sued for that.
Therefore, the remedies which are available to the plaintiff in this case is damages, writ of habeas corpus and self help. Apart from that, it depends on the circumstances.
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<urn:uuid:a01d592e-841d-4535-a06a-bbc3f3599d93>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.dranupamkumarmishra.com/2022/06/false-imprisonment.html
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| 0.977741
| 640
| 2.84375
| 3
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To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Energy efficient and reliable communication is extremely crucial in most of the applications of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). Communication between sensor nodes is the major energy guzzler that limits the network lifetime and hence, disrupt WBAN's operation. Moreover, unreliability in wireless communication caused by the channel impairments, such as shadowing and fading, further exacerbate the situation. This paper presents a new three-stage cooperative relaying scheme which proves to be energy efficient and reliable for WBANs. Analytical expressions for the Energy Efficiency (EE) and Packet Error Rate (PER) are also derived in this study.
To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the authors.
... In , the authors stated that the energy consumption of implants is directly related to the transmission distance and therefore, energy efficient routing protocols are an effective approach in minimizing the overall length of communication paths. Moreover, by deploying an incremental relaying strategy, the complexity and energy consumption are transferred from the implant device to the on-body relay, which is a device that can be easily replaced and recharged, in contrast to the in-body sensor nodes [10,34]. QoS requirements in WBANs vary between applications . ...
... Comparison of the Proposed Protocol With Other State of Art Techniques[21,34,37]. ...
In this paper, an analytical and accurate in-to-out (I2O) human body path loss (PL) model at 2.45 GHz is derived based on a 3D heterogeneous human body model under safety constraints. The bit error rate (BER) performance for this channel using multiple efficient modulation schemes is investigated and the link budget is analyzed based on a predetermined satisfactory BER of 10−3. In addition, an incremental relay-based cooperative quality of service-aware (QoS-aware) routing protocol for the proposed I2O WBAN is presented and compared with an existing scheme. Linear programming QoS metric expressions are derived and employed to maximize the network lifetime, throughput, minimizing delay. Results show that binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) outperforms other modulation techniques for the proposed I2O WBAN systems, enabling the support of a 30 Mbps data transmission rate up to 1.6 m and affording more reliable communication links when the transmitter power is increased. Moreover, the proposed incremental cooperative routing protocol outperforms the existing two-relay technique in terms of energy efficiency. Open issues and on-going research within the I2O WBAN area are presented and discussed as an inspiration towards developments in health IoT applications.
... A modified superframe structure of IEEE 802.15.4 based MAC protocol was presented in to reduce energy consumption. A relay-based cooperative communication scheme for WBAN was proposed in . However, none of those schemes employ fog computing. ...
The growth of remote patient monitoring technology introduces new opportunities for improving patient outcomes, and Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are a key piece in building a successful system. However, due to the limited power and computational resources of WBAN sensor nodes, combined with user mobility and large network coverage areas, integrating WBANs with cloud and fog computing presents one of the most viable options for successful remote monitoring. In order to help maintain the real-time operations of a fog-assisted WBAN, we propose a secure and efficient data delivery protocol that will reduce delay and protect against malicious attacks on the wireless signal. The protocol is composed of three custom algorithms that address channel assignment, gateway association, and introduce a new delay- and energy-aware routing metric. The channel assignment algorithm is designed to minimize and avoid interference, including jamming nodes. The fog gateway association algorithm helps to improve the efficiency and security of the connection between the WBAN and the remote resources. Similarly, the proposed routing metric is used to construct routes that both minimize delay and conserve power at the nodes along the path for improved efficiency and lifespan of the network. The system was simulated and tested under a variety of conditions to evaluate its performance in regards to mutual interference, human mobility, fog density, and attacks by jamming nodes. The results showed clear improvements in the efficiency and resiliency of the fog-assisted WBAN system when utilizing our protocol.
... In what follows, the drawbacks and limitations of are shown in Table 1 and can be summarised as follows: MAC protocol was not considered (such as IEEE 802.15.6), e2e delay was not analysed, the best relay node selection was not considered, the duty cycle was not analysed, and the ...
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are single-hop network systems, where sensors gather the body's vital signs and send them directly to master nodes (MNs). The sensors are distributed in or on the body. Therefore, body posture, clothing, muscle movement, body temperature, and climatic conditions generally influence the quality of the wireless link between sensors and the destination. Hence, in some cases, single hop transmission ('direct transmission') is not sufficient to deliver the signals to the destination. Therefore, we propose an emergency-based cooperative communication protocol for WBAN, named Critical Data-based Incremental Cooperative Communication (CD-ICC), based on the IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA standard but assuming a lognormal shadowing channel model. In this paper, a complete study of a system model is inspected in the terms of the channel path loss, the successful transmission probability, and the outage probability. Then a mathematical model is derived for the proposed protocol, end-to-end delay, duty cycle, and average power consumption. A new back-off time is proposed within CD-ICC, which ensures the best relays cooperate in a distributed manner. The design objective of the CD-ICC is to reduce the end-to-end delay, the duty cycle, and the average power transmission. The simulation and numerical results presented here show that, under general conditions, CD-ICC can enhance network performance compared to direct transmission mode (DTM) IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA and benchmarking. To this end, we have shown that the power saving when using CD-ICC is 37.5% with respect to DTM IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA and 10% with respect to MI-ICC.
... The existing literature spans EE calculations over direct link , incremental relaying with single and two-stage relays , and a similar incremental relaying scenario extended to three-stage relay [18,19]. In our work, a two-way relaying scenario is presented particularly for WBAN to reduce the number of transmissions and the number of sensor nodes, which provide better results compared to previously used techniques. ...
The fabrication of lightweight, ultra-thin, low power and intelligent body-borne sensors leads to novel advances in wireless body area networks (WBANs). Depending on the placement of the nodes, it is characterized as in/on body WBAN; thus, the channel is largely affected by body posture, clothing, muscle movement, body temperature and climatic conditions. The energy resources are limited and it is not feasible to replace the sensor's battery frequently. In order to keep the sensor in working condition, the channel resources should be reserved. The lifetime of the sensor is very crucial and it highly depends on transmission among sensor nodes and energy consumption. The reliability and energy efficiency in WBAN applications play a vital role. In this paper, the analytical expressions for energy efficiency (EE) and packet error rate (PER) are formulated for two-way relay cooperative communication. The results depict better reliability and efficiency compared to direct and one-way relay communication. The effective performance range of direct vs. cooperative communication is separated by a threshold distance. Based on EE calculations, an optimal packet size is observed that provides maximum efficiency over a certain link length. A smart and energy efficient system is articulated that utilizes all three communication modes, namely direct, one-way relay and two-way relay, as the direct link performs better for a certain range, but the cooperative communication gives better results for increased distance in terms of EE. The efficacy of the proposed hybrid scheme is also demonstrated over a practical quasi-static channel. Furthermore, link length extension and diversity is achieved by joint network-channel (JNC) coding the cooperative link.
... Due to shadowing and fading effects in the networks, the energy consumption rate of sensor nodes increases, and also the reliability in data transmission decreases, periodically. To increase the energy efficiency and reliability in data transmission, Yousaf et al. proposed a new three-stage cooperative relaying scheme for WBANs. As body sensor nodes produce medical data at a variable rate, their corresponding traffic pattern is uncertain in nature. ...
... A critical question is in particular constituted by the peculiar high-loss propagation behaviour of wireless signals through and over the human body: in contrast to canonical wireless networks, where high losses can be handled by increasing power emissions (see e.g.,[7,8,9]), in BANs power emissions must be contained to both avoid damages to human tissues, due to overheating, and to preserve the charge of sensor batteries, whose substitution can result very uncomfortable for patients. Controlling energy consumption is thus a major aim in BAN design and is typically achieved through multi-hop routing, implemented through relay nodes, which are wireless devices that act as intermediate nodes between sinks and sensors and allow transmission of reduced power over shorter distances[10,11,12], Nowadays there is a rich literature about BANs, in particular about technical aspects concerning the definition of energy-efficient routing protocols and the study of the peculiar propagation condition in human bodies[2,6]. In contrast, there is still a limited amount of work devoted to the design of BANs in terms of optimization models and algorithms. ...
We consider the problem of optimally designing a body wireless sensor network, while taking into account the uncertainty of data generation of biosensors. Since the related min-max robustness Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem can be difficult to solve even for state-of-the-art commercial optimization solvers, we propose an original heuristic for its solution. The heuristic combines deterministic and probabilistic variable fixing strategies, guided by the information coming from strengthened linear relaxations of the ILP robust model, and includes a very large neighborhood search for reparation and improvement of generated solutions, formulated as an ILP problem solved exactly. Computational tests on realistic instances show that our heuristic finds solutions of much higher quality than a state-of-the-art solver and than an effective benchmark heuristic.
Relayed communications are typically used in body sensor networks (BSNs) to improve reliability and energy efficiency. Particularly, a biosensor communicates with the sink device through relay(s) to conserve its limited battery power. When the relay malfunctions, the biosensor may increase its transmission power to enable a direct communication with the sink. However, such a direct communication may last only a limited, uncertain time; the biosensor becomes isolated to the rest of the BSN when the sensor's remaining power depletes to the level insufficient to support the direct communication. This paper makes contributions by addressing realistic random isolation time (RIT) in reliability analysis of BSN systems. Moreover, competitions between the isolation and propagated failures originating from the biosensor are considered. Based on the total probability theorem, a combinatorial methodology is suggested for reliability analysis of BSNs subject to the competitions and RIT. The method is applicable to any types of time-to-failure and time-to-isolation distributions of biosensors. As demonstrated through a detailed case study with numerical results, RIT can significantly influence the BSN reliability and thus it is pivotal to consider this factor for accurate system reliability assessment. Correctness of the proposed method is verified using a continuous-time Markov chain-based method.
Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have revolutionized healthcare by enabling remote
supervision, prior detection, and disease interception using invasive and wearable sensor devices. The limited battery capacity of the sensors coupled with the poor channel condition (that may arise from body postures) require cooperative transmission strategies that can prolong the sensors’ life time and associated functionalities. Therefore, in this article, a cooperative scheme based on single-stage relaying is presented for spectrum and energy efficiency. The relay operating for two different scenarios, i.e. network coding and hierarchical modulation, is discussed. The general trend for bit error rate (BER) is observed by modeling a Rayleigh faded link catering path loss. The results are further
studied for actual channel models, defined in WBAN standard. The effect of hop-length variation on BER and packet error rate (PER) are discussed. Simulation results show that both cooperative schemes outperform direct communication. A hybrid switching scheme is proposed to enhance efficiency.
Personal area networks and, more specifically, body area networks (BANs) are key building blocks of future generation networks and of the Internet of Things as well. In this article, we present a novel analytical framework for network performance analysis of body sensor networks with hierarchical (tree) topologies. This framework takes into account the specificities of the on-body channel modeling and the impact of the surrounding environment. The obtained results clearly highlight the differences between indoor and outdoor scenarios, and provide several insights on BAN design and analysis. In particular, it will be shown that the BAN topology should be selected according to the foreseen medical application and the deployment environment.
Today's aging population is driving wide-scale demand for more-advanced healthcare treatments, including wireless im- planted devices that can deliver ongoing and cost-effective monitoring of a patient's condition. Wireless sensor netwo rks (WSNs) have been considered for body area networks (BANs) and implanted WSNs. For most BANs, the generic topol- ogy involves "on-body" sensors or Implanted Medical Devices (IMDs), and a hub device (such as a phone, PDA, or wireless LAN access point) that is on or away from the body, which can function as a central fusion node and connect to the Inter- net. This paper applies to IMDs a new physical layer coop- erative transmission (CT) technique. CT can reduce the total power required for sensor transmission by exploiting the spa- tial diversity of multiple single-antenna terminals. This means that the implanted sensor batteries can last longer. The opp or- tunistic large array (OLA) is a simple CT approach that saves energy relative to conventional multi-hop routing by allowing all nodes that can decode to relay the message. OLA avoids the overhead of assigning clusters and cluster leaders. To date, OLA has not been considered for human body implants. In this paper, we provide a first treatment of communication usi ng OLA for implanted sensors for the Medical Implant Commu- nication Services (MICS) standard and investigate the poten- tial power reductions that can be achieved. In this paper, we consider the ICD application where the implanted sensors are connected by wire, but the OLA technique is still useful for re- lay to an off-body destination. We compare the total transmit power expended by the cooperative transmission network com- pared to the power that would be required for a single hop (i.e. directly from the source to the sink) to have the same reliability.
communication in small-scale sensor networks experiencing high path loss. In particular, a sensor network on the human body or BASN is considered. The energy consumption or network lifetime of a single-hop network and a multi-hop network are compared. We derive a propagation model and a radio model for communication along the human body. Using these models, energy efficiency was studied analytically for a line and a tree topology. Calculations show that single-hop communication is inefficient, especially for nodes far away from the sink. There however, multi-hop proves to be more efficient but closer to the sink hotspots arise. Based on these findings, we propose to exploit the performance difference by either introducing extra nodes in the network, i.e. dedicated relay devices, or by using a cooperative approach or by a combination of both. We show that these solutions increase the network lifetime significantly.
Many studies have tried to evaluate wireless networks and especially the IEEE
802.15.4 standard. Hence, several papers have aimed to describe the
functionalities of the physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers.
They have highlighted some characteristics with experimental results and/or
have attempted to reproduce them using theoretical models. In this paper, we
use the first way to better understand IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Indeed, we
provide a comprehensive model, able more faithfully to mimic the
functionalities of this standard at the PHY and MAC layers. We propose a
combination of two relevant models for the two layers. The PHY layer behavior
is reproduced by a mathematical framework, which is based on radio and channel
models, in order to quantify link reliability. On the other hand, the MAC layer
is mimed by an enhanced Markov chain. The results show the pertinence of our
approach compared to the model based on a Markov chain for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
layer. This contribution allows us fully and more precisely to estimate the
network performance with different network sizes, as well as different metrics
such as node reliability and delay. Our contribution enables us to catch
possible failures at both layers.
In this paper, we investigate the energy efficiency of cooperative communications in wireless body area network (WBAN). We first analyze the outage performance of three transmission schemes, namely direct transmission, single-relay cooperation, and multi-relay cooperation. To minimize the energy consumption, we then study the problem of optimal power allocation with the constraint of targeted outage probability. Two strategies of power allocation are considered: power allocation with and without posture state information. Simulation results verify the accuracy of the analysis and demonstrate that: 1) power allocation making use of the posture information can reduce the energy consumption; 2) within a possible range of the channel quality in WBAN, cooperative communication is more energy efficient than direct transmission only when the path loss between the transmission pair is higher than a threshold; and 3) for most of the typical channel quality due to the fixed transceiver locations on human body, cooperative communication is effective in reducing energy consumption.
In a multi-hop wireless sensor network (WSN), the nodes that are one hop away from the Sink die first and cause an "energy hole," because they must forward the traffic from the rest of the network. When this hole forms, a large amount of "excess" energy is trapped in the other nodes. In this paper, we propose that some of those other nodes use some of the excess energy to do cooperative transmission (CT) to hop directly to the Sink, thereby relieving the nodes near the sink of some of their burden and balancing the energy consumption across the network. The REACT protocol triggers CT range extension when the nexthop node along a primary route has a lower residual energy than the current node. The paper considers several criteria for selecting the cooperators, and compares our proposed scheme to the AODV and CMAX multi-hop protocols through simulation.
Body Area Networks (BAN) offer amazing perspectives to instrument and support humans in many aspects of their life. Among all possible applications, this paper focuses on body monitoring applications having a body equipped with a set of sensors transmitting in real-time their measures to a common sink. The underlying network topology is a star topology which is quite usual in the broad scope of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, a classical superframe structure as proposed in 802.15.3 or 802.15.4 seems to comply with the needs of such an application. Basically however, the specificities of the BAN channel can reduce the performance of such protocol. Indeed, channel time variations make the star structure unstable and temporary subject to a high packet error rate. A multi-hop mesh topology cannot counteract this problem efficiently, since the pathloss attenuation in a BAN environment is almost independent with the emitter-receiver distance. In this paper, we address this issue by considering the topology of a BAN network as a time-varying fully connected network instead of a star structure. We then show how an opportunistic cooperative mechanism based on a decode-and-forward protocol can address this issue. We derive a performance criterion based on a packet error rate outage and we discuss the implementation of this scheme in the classical superframe structure.
Body area networks (BAN) offer amazing perspectives to instrument and support humans in many aspects of their life. Among
all possible applications, this paper focuses on body monitoring applications having a body equipped with a set of sensors
transmitting in real time their measures to a common sink. In this context, at the application level, the network fits with
a star topology, which is quite usual in the broad scope of wireless networks. Unfortunately, the structure of the network
at the physical layer is totally different. Indeed, due to the specificity of BAN radio channel features, all radio links
are not stationary and all sensors suffer from link losses during independent time frames. In wireless networks, link losses
are often coped with multi-hop transmission schemes to ensure a good connectivity. However, since the radio links are not
stationary, the multi-hop routes should adapt quickly to BAN changes. We instead propose in this work a different approach
based on opportunistic relaying. The concept relies on electing some sensors to support the transmission of other ones having
a worst connection. Instead of changing the relay time to time, we rather select a relay node from a statistical perspective.
We evaluate this approach from a theoretical point of view and on realistic simulations using the packet error rate outage
probability as a performance criterion.
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), cooperative communication represents a potential candidate to combat the effects of channel fading by exploiting diversity gain achieved via cooperation among the relays nodes. However, for the energy-constrained WSN, to what extent cooperative communication can save energy consumption for a successful packet transmission is still unknown. Energy efficiency of cooperation and direct transmission schemes inWSN is studied and compared in this paper. The expressions of energy efficiency of the two schemes are derived, respectively. The numerical results reveal that for the small distance separation between the source and destination nodes, the direct transmission scheme is more energy efficient than cooperation and the relay location, packet size, and modulation level have important effects on energy efficiency. At last, energy efficiency maximization for the cooperative communication system is achieved by optimizing both the packet size and modulation level jointly.
Wireless body area networks (WBANs) offer many promising new applications in the area of remote health monitoring. An important element in the development of a WBAN is the characterization of the physical layer of the network, including an estimation of the delay spread and the path loss between two nodes on the body. This paper discusses the propagation channel between two half-wavelength dipoles at 2.45 GHz, placed near a human body and presents an application for cross-layer design in order to optimize the energy consumption of different topologies. Propagation measurements are performed on real humans in a multipath environment, considering different parts of the body separately. In addition, path loss has been numerically investigated with an anatomically correct model of the human body in free space using a 3-D electromagnetic solver. Path loss parameters and time-domain channel characteristics are extracted from the measurement and simulation data. A semi-empirical path loss model is presented for an antenna height above the body of 5 mm and antenna separations from 5 cm up to 40 cm. A time-domain analysis is performed and models are presented for the mean excess delay and the delay spread. As a cross-layer application, the proposed path loss models are used to evaluate the energy efficiency of single-hop and multihop network topologies.
Cooperative communications represent a potential candidate to combat the effects of channel fading and to increase the transmit energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks with the downside being the increased complexity. In sensor networks the power consumed in the receiving and processing circuitry can constitute a significant portion of the total consumed power. By taking into consideration such overhead, an analytical framework for studying the energy efficiency trade-off of cooperation in sensor networks is presented. This trade-off is shown to depend on several parameters such as the receive and processing power, the required quality-of-service, the power amplifier loss, and several other factors. The analytical and numerical results reveal that for small distance separation between the source and destination, direct transmission is more energy efficient than relaying. The results also reveal that equal power allocation performs as well as optimal power allocation for some scenarios. The effects of the relay location and the number of employed relays on energy efficiency are also investigated in this work. Moreover, there are experimental results conducted to verify the channel model assumed in the article.
Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) in recent years have received significant attention, due to their potential for increasing efficiency in healthcare monitoring. Typical sensors used for WBAN are low powered single transceiver devices utilizing a single channel for transmission at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. However, performance of these devices usually degrades when the density of sensors increases. One approach to counter this performance degradation is to exploit multiple channels at the MAC layer, where optimal usage of the channels is achieved through cooperation between the sensor nodes. In this paper we propose a cooperative WBAN environment that supports multi-hop transmission through cooperation involving both environmental sensors and WBAN nodes. Our solution extends the cooperation at the MAC layer to a cross-layered gradient based routing solution that allows interaction between WBAN and environmental sensors in order to ensure data delivery from WBANs to a distant gateway. Extensive simulations for healthcare scenarios have been performed to validate the cooperation at the MAC layer, as well as the cross-layered gradient based routing. Comparisons to other cooperative multi-channel MAC and routing solutions have shown the overall performance improvement of the proposed approach evaluated in terms of packet loss, power consumption and delay.
In this paper, we propose a mobile device aided cooperative transmission scheme for Body Area Networks (BANs). Usually, a BAN is required to operate in a very low power level to conserve energy consumption and reduce the electromagnetic radiation impact on human body. Cooperative transmission is an efficient technique to enhance the transmission reliability and maintain a low transmission power. In the proposed cooperation scheme, a mobile device acts as the relay of the network and help the sensors to forward the data it has received. Rake receiver for Ultra WideBand (UWB) receiving and Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) method are employed to deal with the multipath reflections of BAN channel. The power allocation between the sensor and the mobile device is optimized to enhance the transmission reliability. The simulation result shows that the proposed cooperative transmission scheme can significantly reduce the Bit Error Rate (BER) and prolong the system lifetime, compared to the non-cooperative scheme. The BER gain is over one order in the high SNR region, while the energy consumption is 20% off in the low BER region.
In this paper, we explore the application of cooperative communications in ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless body area networks (BANs), where a group of on-body devices may collaborate together to communicate with other groups of on-body equipment. Firstly, time-domain UWB channel measurements are presented to characterize the body-centric multipath channel and to facilitate the diversity analysis in a cooperative BAN (CoBAN). We focus on the system deployment scenario when the human subject is in the sitting posture. Important channel parameters such as the pathloss, power variation, power delay profile (PDP), and effective received power (ERP) crosscorrelation are investigated and statistically analyzed. Provided with the model preliminaries, a detailed analysis on the diversity level in a CoBAN is provided. Specifically, an intuitive measure is proposed to quantify the diversity gains in a single-hop cooperative network, which is defined as the number of independent multipaths that can be averaged over to detect symbols. As this measure provides the largest number of redundant copies of transmitted information through the body-centric channel, it can be used as a benchmark to access the performance bound of various diversity-based cooperative schemes in futuristic body sensor systems.
Advances in wireless communication tech- nologies, such as wearable and implantable biosensors, along with recent developments in the embedded com- puting area are enabling the design, development, and implementation of body area networks. This class of networks is paving the way for the deployment of inno- vative healthcare monitoring applications. In the past few years, much of the research in the area of body area networks has focused on issues related to wireless sen- sor designs, sensor miniaturization, low-power sensor circuitry, signal processing, and communications proto- cols. In this paper, we present an overview of body area networks, and a discussion of BAN communications types and their related issues. We provide a detailed investigation of sensor devices, physical layer, data link layer, and radio technology aspects of BAN research. We also present a taxonomy of BAN projects that have been introduced/proposed to date. Finally, we highlight some of the design challenges and open issues that still need to be addressed to make BANs truly ubiquitous for a wide range of applications.
Channel model for body area network (BAN)
K Y Yazdandoost
K.Y. Yazdandoost, K. Sayrafian-Pour, "Channel model for body area network (BAN)", IEEE P802.15-08-0780-09-0006.
The need for cooperation and relaying in short-range high path loss sensor networks
B Braem, B Latre, I Moerman, C Blondia, E Reusens, W Joseph, L Martens, P Demeester, "The need for cooperation and relaying in
short-range high path loss sensor networks". Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications, Valencia, Spain, pp.
Opportunistic relaying protocols for human monitoring in BAN
JM Gorce, C Goursaud, G Villemaud,R DErrico, L Ouvry, "Opportunistic relaying protocols for human monitoring in BAN". Proceedings
of IEEE Conference on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Tokyo, Japan, 732-736, 2009.
On the energy efficiency of cooperative communications in wireless sensor networks
K J Yu
AK. Sadek, W. Yu, KJ. Liu, "On the energy efficiency of cooperative communications in wireless sensor networks", ACM Transactions on
Sensor Networks (TOSN) 2009; 6(1):5
Body Area Networks: A Survey, Mobile Networks and Applications
V C Leung
M. Chen, S. Gonzalez, A. Vasilakos, H. Cao, V. C. Leung, "Body Area Networks: A Survey, Mobile Networks and Applications", vol.16
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Blue Lace Flower / Rottnest Island Daisy
Commonly known as the Rottnest Island Daisy or Blue Lace Flower. Trachymene coerulea is an erect annual to 2m which […]
Spyridium globulosum is a dense shrub from 2 to 5 metres high. Occurring on coastal sand dunes and limestone, Spyridium […]
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (ex.validus)
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (formerly validus) is a rhizomatous robust perennial sedge that grows to 2 metres high and in water to […]
Salicornia quinqueflora is commonly known as Beaded Samphire. It is a species of succulent halophytic coastal shrub that grows no higher than approximately […]
Rhagodia baccata is a strong spreading, shade tolerant shrub which although not growing much over a metre in height, is […]
Paraserianthes lophantha is a shrub or tree that can stretch to 10 metres high. It occurs in winter wet depressions […]
Gastrolobium ebracteolatum (Oxylobium lineare)
Gastrolobium ebracteolatum is an erect shrub from 2 to 4 metres high. Found along the edges of watercourses and swamps. […]
Myriophyllum crispatum is an aquatic, emergent herb growing from 0.2 to 0.6 metres high. It occurs naturally around swamps and […]
Myoporum caprarioides is an erect slender or spreading shrub to 3m in height. It is found naturally in coastal to […]
Muehlenbeckia adpressa is a twining shrub or climber with green flowers in spring. An unusual species, which with its somewhat […]
Melaleuca cuticularis is a tree to 7 meters high that occurs in winter wet depressions, salt lakes and along watercourses. […]
Spiny shrub, growing to 0.3 to 1.5 metres high. Produces white flowers in spring.
Loose Flower Rush
A clumping rush growing to 1m with blue green stems. Flowers in spring. Typically grows in swamps. It is shade […]
Spreading shrub 0.6 to 2 metres high by 3m wide. Occurs in white or yellow sand over limestone and dunes. […]
Erect to spreading shrub 0.4 to 2.3 metres high. Red to purple pea flowers, August to November.
Small erect shrub 0.2 to 1.0 metres high with blue/purple pea flowers in spring. Bee attracting.
Tree 2 to 8 metres high. Bark ashy grey, rough, fibrous and persistent throughout. White or cream flowers during summer. […]
The quintessential and iconic Perth coastal native tree, Eucalyptus gomphocephala is more commonly known as Tuart and can reach a height […]
Limestone Marlock, redheart.
Mallee or tree to 1.5–15m high by 3m wide, with rough, flaky or ribony bark. Cream flowers during spring and […]
Erect shrub or small tree, up to 5m. Showy three-winged fruit yellow to red or orange-brown, endemic to the Perth […]
Shortly rhizomatous tufted perennial sedge 0.35 to to 1m high on a short stout rhizome. Flowers winter to summer. Can […]
Rhizomatous perennial small sedge to 0.7 metres high. Occurs along watercourses. Flowers in spring.
Rhizomatous perennial sedge to 2m, stems acutely three angled. Occurs along watercourses and swamps. Produces brown flowers in spring.
Australian Bluebell is a twining shrub or climber with bright green leathery leaves. Vivid blue hanging bell flowers in spring […]
Sheath Twig Sedge
Baumea vaginalis is rhizomatous perennial sedge to 1.5m high. Occurs along watercourses, swaqmps and winter wet depressions. Brown flowers in […]
River Twig Sedge
Baumea rubiginosa is a large rhizomatous strap leaved sedge. It occurs along watercourses and swamps in mud or shallow water. […]
Broad Twig Sedge
Baumea preissii is a large rhizomatous perennial sedge with wide strap leaves. Occurs along watercourses, lakes and swamps. Brown flowers […]
Prickly shrub to 5m high by 3m wide, yellow flowers autumn to summer. Bird attracting, butterfly attracting, Carnaby Cockatoo, dieback […]
Acorn or Saw Tooth Banksia
Banksia prionotes is a non-lignotuberous shrub or tree to 8m tall by 4m wide. It produces orange and white flowers […]
Low groundcovering shrub 3m wide with attractive long dark green toothed leaves. Golden-orange flowers winter to spring. Bird attracting, dieback […]
Ringed Wallaby Grass
Erect tufted perennial Australian native grass, growing to 0.2m to 0.9 metres high. Flowers during Spring. Shade tolerant.
Spreading to erect shrub to 0.5 1.5 metres high. Grey foliage, with cream-yellow flowers in spring. It is a shade-tolerant, […]
Dysentry Bush is an erect to spreading shrub with neat elliptical leathery leaves. The small starlike flowers are white with […]
A graceful tree to 12m high by 3m wide with spreading branches and drooping foliage. The tree provides shelter for […]
Summer Scented Wattle
A coastal shrub or small tree, to 5m (up to 10 metres) and found mainly on consolidated dunes. Plants sucker […]
A spreading rhizomatous tufted perennial, Acanthocarpus preissii will generally grow no higher than 0.5 metres, but can spread to cover […]
Erect, slender, shrub 1-2m high with winged branchlets. Often found in damp areas near watercourses and swamps.Flowers yellow during August […]
Red Eyed Wattle
Shrub to 3m by 3m wide, Yellow flowers during late spring and summer. Bird attracting, butterfly attracting, dieback resistant.
Medium sized fast growing prickly shrub to 2m high. Early flowering wattle with yellow flowers August to September. Bird and […]
Catspaw is an herbaceous perennial to 1m high. Yellow and red flowers in winter and spring. Bird attracting and shade […]
Large shrub or small tree to 8 metres high. Creamy white flowers in summer. Large woody pear shaped fruit with […]
Trunk short to tall, 0.3m to over 3m, crowns one to many. Long flowering scape. Flowers white in late spring […]
Erect often weeping shrub, growing to 1 to 4 metres high. Occurs near lakes and swamps, river banks and winter […]
Ornduffia (Villarsia) albiflora
Aquatic or semi aquatic erect perennial herb 0.4 to 1.2 metres high. Generally grows beside freshwater lakes, swamps and watercourses. […]
Small open shrub 0.4 to 1 metre high. Occurs in the alluvial soils of the Swan Coastal Plain, the Darling […]
Cycnogeton (Triglochin) huegelii
Rhizomatous and tuberous aquatic and perennial herb 0.3 to 1 metre high with thick stems and fleshy leaves. Occurs in […]
Shrub to 2 to 5 metres high. Occurs in damp granite outcrops, swamps and along watercourses. Masses of white flowers […]
Sphaerolobium medium is a small, erect, leafless shrub that grows up to 0.5m tall. It has yellow/orange pea flowers in […]
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Communication is at the core of all that we do as human beings. While verbal interaction may seem to come naturally, it is a rich and complex process. Communication requires us to be aware of and tuned into thousands of data points from nonverbal cues to gestures, and even — subtle verbal cues.
While most people can relate to being repelled by various topics of discussion — are there certain words that stop communication from occurring? Words that, when used, cause our minds to close, our mouths to shut and our brains to mentally pack up shop?
New findings from a pilot study conducted by Target Training International’s Center for Applied Cognitive Research suggests the way we communicate with one another and the words we choose are vitally important. In fact, what seems to be critical is avoiding the wrong words: words that seem to fit the discussion from our point of view, may actually result in negative reactions when interpreted by others.
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Our Dentist is Working To Make Your Smile Beautiful
Bad Breath Solutions or halitosis is a common problem that may arise due to many reasons. It lasts long or sometimes it occurs from time to time in such case you must visit us to get our Dentist Berwick for perfect and complete bad breath solutions.
We Give Best Bad Breath Solutions in Berwick and Nearby Suburbs
You will find the main cause of the bad breath in your mouth itself. There are many germs and bacteria that are present in the mouth. The bacteria are especially found on the back of the tongue. Usually, they feed on food debris and it gathers between the teeth and the mouth. The sulphur compound is created by the bacteria which forms the Bad Breath Solutions in the mouth. Certainly, it is proven that alcohol consumption and smoking are responsible for growing the unpleasant odour present in the mouth. There are various other factors that cause the stomach and airways that also generate bad breath.
To prevent bad health it is very important to improve and maintain your oral hygiene. Besides, the general way to eliminate the odour is to brush your tongue and teeth twice a day with toothpaste that has fluoride. There are various other things that help to remove odour such as:
- After meals, chewing sugar-free gum
- Consuming plenty of water daily
- Say no to smoking
- Keeping a well-maintained diet
- Visiting your dentist regularly
Affordable Dental Treatments Offered By Woodleigh Waters Dental Surgery for Bad Breath Solutions
Our Dentist can solve various other causes of Bad Breath and Solutions such as:
- “Dry Mouth” is the condition that is affected by the flow of saliva.
- Gums infection including decayed teeth disease or periodontal.
There are times when your dentist might find that your oral hygiene is good but still you may have a bad breath problem. In this situation, they will suggest you reach out to your family medical practitioner as there are various other reasons that lead to bad breath which might be:
- Issues in the stomach
- Kidney or liver problems
- Bronchitis or Sinusitis
Dentists at Woodleigh Waters Dental Surgery in Berwick has taken care of hundreds of patients and are giving the best Dentists Berwick Solutions to them. So, get a booking to give your Bad Breath the best health that they deserve!
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Introduction: Jump a Dead Car Battery
How to jump a dead car battery.
Step 1: Get the Tools Ready
1 running vehicle
1 running dead battery
Step 2: Ready Vehicles
Move the running vehicle close to the dead one so that the jumper cables will connect to each battery.
Pop open the Hoods. Most are in the cabin on the driver side.
Pull the latch that is in the cabin then go to the hood and look for the safety latch that will have to de-latched to get the hood open.
Step 3: Connect Jumper Cables
NEVER allow the positive and negative clamps touch each other when they are hooked to batters or metal parts of in engine compartment.
Connect negative clamp to the negative terminal on the running vehicle.
Remember to keep the running vehicle running, and avoid fast moving parts with hands.
Connect the other negative to the negative terminal on the dead vehicle.
Then connect the positive clamp to the positive terminal on the running vehicle.
Then connect the other positive clamp to the positive terminal on the dead vehicle.
Step 4: Starting
Wait about 30sec to 1min for a charge to build in the dead battery so it can turn the engine over.
Then disconnect the jumper cables.
In revers order as putting on on.
1.Poss on dead
2.Poss on running
3.Neg on dead
4.Neg on running
Then close the hoods
After the dear car starts DO NOT Turn it off leave it run for 5 min to 10min to build a good charge in the battery.
Participated in the
Burning Questions: Round 5
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A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A PATROLLER
08:00 – 09:00: Morning sweep. Before the resort opens to the public, patrollers systematically check the trails for any hazardous conditions or items that need to be addressed according to local area procedures.
09:00 – 12:00: On patrol. Once the slopes are open to the public, patrollers are free to ski, taking into account the resort terrain and patroller coverage. Everyone on duty will interact with ski are a guests, promote the area, respond to accident calls, and provide safety tips.
12:00 – 13:00: Lunch. So that continuous coverage of the slopes is ensured, not everyone eats at the same time but there will be time for a break.
13:00 – Closing: Patrollers continue to patrol the slopes. In the event that someone gets injured, the patrol is ready to respond, working in teams to immobilize any injury and safely transport any patient by rescue toboggan to the first aid room. Patrollers are always busy. If not attending to someone who is injured, they help to find lost children, guide people to runs, and provide valuable safety information to the public.
Closing – End-of-day sweep: Patrollers take a final run down each trail, to ensure that no guest is left behind at the end of the day. During this final “sweep” of the ski area, they also report any safety issues that may have arisen during the day so that area management can address them prior to opening the slopes the next day.
After sweep: After a long day, patrollers often come together to chat about the high points of the day. This camaraderie is one of the many benefits enjoyed by patrollers.
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https://skipatrolcentral.com/?page_id=578
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| 0.951758
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Perdikaris Sophia, Krivogorskaya Yekaterina, McGovern Tom, Lahtiperä Pirjo. 2004 FISHBONE 1.1 Identification
Manual for Gadid Fish in the N Atlantic. A product of the NABO cooperative, for more information contact firstname.lastname@example.org.
Note this was originally released as CD, this has been adapted for display on the new NABO website. If you would prefer the CD version, please contact email@example.com
FISHBONE 1.1 is a freeware distributed according to NSF ARCSS data guidelines. This product may not be used for commercial purposes or charged for.
Please use a recent browser and set up your screen resolution to 1024x768 or higher to browse this website
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| 0.8653
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September Artist Interview - Erick Centeno Oblitas
Meet Erick Centeno Oblitas, a professional artist who enjoys using Arteza fineliners and EverBlend Art Markers to create his unique pen-stroke drawings. Erik’s passion for art began at an early age when his artist father made drawings for Erik to recreate. But, it was his move to Italy as an adult that transformed his life and his art. Today, he is best known for his realistic drawings of people using his “scribble” technique. Read more to learn about Erik and his journey as an artist.
- Hi, Eric. Tell us a little bit about yourself.
I am Erick Centeno Oblitas. I was born in Peru, but now I live in Genoa, Italy. My main instruments are pens and paper. I like to create and reproduce facial and body expressions. The scribble technique helps me to transmit what I have in mind.
- What is your main media and why?
Initially, I used pencil and paper to realize realistic portraits. As my technique evolves, I have started to try new materials, like pens, colors, and different surfaces. Now my favorite media is paper and ink pens.
- How long ago did you start painting? Do you have a story behind it?
I have been doing art since I was a child because my father is an artist. He has always been my mentor. He used to do drawings for me and taught me how to make them. They were mostly sketches and dancing figures made only with lines. Through the years it had become a hobby for me, but everything changed for me when I moved from Peru to Italy in 1999. I was devoting myself to my studies, first as a computer technician and then in business administration at the university, until I rediscovered my passion for art by recovering the drawings I did with my father. Then I began creating my own style of drawings and now art is part of my daily life.
I have become more careful about what surrounds me. I can get ideas anywhere and I have ideas constantly turning in my head, like when I’m walking on the streets or when I’m watching movies. I know I can improve my technique by finding more inspirations and perfecting my style with the practice and exploration of new forms of art.
- How would you describe your style?
My style has evolved over time. I started to make realistic drawings with pencils and then I was attracted by the scribble technique. Now, I see my work as a fusion between the traits that denote real characteristics, which then go beyond the conventional limits to form strips of movement and that somehow escape from reality.
- Are there any interesting facts about your art?
My art is constantly evolving. I feel that I live perpetually in a phase of transition. I like to think about images, faces, and ideas and how they can only be made of uncontrolled lines.
- What do you find the most challenging about the creative process?
Freedom! Freedom to be able to create anything you want. If you have a passion for something and you also have the tools to make it happen, it's done. There is no better motivation.
- How did you find your own style?
The simple need to create something different and not remain connected to conventional limits. My technique is born as a fusion of realistic portraits and uncontrolled lines that somehow tries to go beyond the limits.
- What advice can you give to artists who are in an art-style search process? For beginner artists?
I don't feel like I can give absolute advice, because I am in an early learning process too; but, I would say you have to try, practice, and make mistakes—it's the best way to improve.
- Tell us a little secret about how to draw better.
Practice. I am a self-taught artist, I do not follow particular trends or guidelines. Only you can understand and exceed your limits and you do this with a lot of practice, experimenting, and using the right references, such as things you like. Draw what you want, not what you think people like.
- How often do you use Arteza?
I use them very often. I like the fact that you can find many different products in order to create new things and above all experiment with new techniques; this is something I love.
- Favorite Arteza product and why?
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| 0.975712
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- Hourly rate £12
- Response Time 17h
- Number of students 2
1st lesson free!
English for Brazilians in London. Learn about the language, the culture and the history of this unique country with a native speaker in both English and Brazilian Portuguese.
- at your home
- By webcam
About the lesson
I have plenty of experience teaching at most class levels in classes with up to 60 people but here I wish to work on a more personal basis. If you need to learn more about the English Language I am here to help you, teaching you King's English Grammar and Spelling but also to show you that there are many other accents like the Cockney or the Scouser according to where you live, and the words may sound very different to you. I also like to include other topics like History or Music so that you can learn a little more about the Culture of the land.
- English speaking
- English reading
- English listening
I have taught English in Brazil for many years both privately and in schools such as the Colégio Objetivo and now I am living in London. I have a very good knowledge of Culture, History, Music and Sport to offer to people who are here in the UK and want to know more about the country and the language. I adapt myself to the necessities of each student and try to obtain the utmost satisfaction doing this. Try me out, I'M SURE YOU WILL ENJOY YOUR LESSONS AND LEARN A LOT TO BOOT.
The best teacher of the English and Portuguese language, with great knowledge and dynamics approved by his long time students. Richard Telfer is an honest, tireless, extremely educated, intelligent educator, allied with a great empathy and sincere friendship for all who know him. Having such a carat teacher is a great privilege and an invaluable honor.
Edson Alonso Lopes and Family.
Excelente professor de Inglês com muitos anos de docência em escolas, aulas particulares desde o nível iniciante até inglês para negócios. Busca muito o caminho de conversação e gramática para facilitar o aprendizado com o aluno, não só um inglês "mecânico". Ideal para brasileiros que estejam procurando rápida adaptação em Londres (ou no Reino Unido em geral).
Excellent English teacher with many years of teaching in schools, private lessons from beginner level to business English. It pursues the path of conversation and grammar a lot to facilitate student learning, not just "mechanical" English. Ideal for Brazilians looking for quick adaptation in London (or the UK in general).
Excelente professor, muito didática, paciente e amigo.
Excellent teacher, very didactic, patient and friend.
um ótimo profissional, ótimo professor! aprendi bastante coisa. super recomendo ️
a great professional, great teacher! I learned a lot. super recommend
I was Richard’s student for over two years, and couldn’t have had more fun learning ESL with him. Classes were fun and results incredible.
My best english teacher ever
Richard taught me English during my whole high school and I can assure he is a complete professional, understand well the language and it's really easy to understand his lessons. His classes are really interactive, where contains classes with songs, history and many others. He is one of the few teachers that I could really understand the language.
You couldn't find a better one!
Great teacher ,great ditactic , i recommend
View more recommendations
- 5h: £50
- 10h: £90
Cancellation must be made 24 hours in advance, so that I can plan my day ahead, otherwise they will be charged as given lessons. The cost of transport will be added to any lesson given at the student's choice of place.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.superprof.co.uk/english-for-brazilians-london-learn-about-the-language-the-culture-and-the-history-this-unique-country-with-native-speaker.html
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| 0.914702
| 976
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| 2
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