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A deadline for the U.S. Department of Energy to appeal a $53 million ruling against it for not building a radioactive waste site came and went this month. \u201cThe DOE did not appeal,\u201d said Sacramento Municipal Utility District spokesperson Chris Capra. The muni now is poised to receive $53.1 million under a June 20 ruling issued by the U.S. Appeals Court. The muni sued the U.S. government in 1998 for the return of funds it contributed towards a nuclear waste disposal facility the DOE promised but never built. The parties signed a contract in 1983, under which the Sacramento muni agreed to pay $40 million into a nuclear waste fund that was to take spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste from the Rancho Seco nuclear power plant. It was operated from April 1975 until June 1989, when it was shut down by a public vote. SMUD filed a $76.6 million lawsuit against the federal government in 1998 for failing to live up to its end of the agreement. The Appeals Court ruled that the utility was entitled to the $53 million it spent cleaning up nuclear fuel and waste at Rancho Seco from 1992 to 2003. The U.S. government had until Aug. 5\u2014which was 45 days from the Appeals Court ruling\u2014to seek a re-hearing in the case. The Department has until Sept. 20 to seek a judicial review from the U.S. Supreme Court. If it decides to seek a judicial review, the judgment will be stayed. But if not, the muni expects to accept the millions owed it within six months, according to Laura Lewis, the muni\u2019s general counsel. SMUD ultimately found a place to dispose Rancho Seco\u2019s waste last year. In September 2013, the muni paid a Texas company almost $20.5 million to dispose of radioactive waste that had been housed at the plant since the 1980s. During the plant\u2019s decommissioning, its low-level radioactive waste was sent to Utah for disposal. But since no suitable disposal facility was available for Class B and Class C low-level radioactive material, those wastes were packaged for future shipment and disposal and then stored at the nuclear plant, located 25 miles southeast of downtown Sacramento, until Texas-based Waste Control Specialists was hired about a year ago to move the material to West Texas for disposal.
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Yes today is March 15th, the Ides of March, the day Julius Caesar lost the Roman Primary partly because his close friend Marcus Brutus stabbed him in the back. And just before Brutus was about to take over, Marc Antony, the great communicator made a passive-aggressive speech that turned things around. But remember Antony was secretly good friends with Willie Shakespeare, it was he who wrote the speech for Marc. And by the way Caesar’s first name wasn’t really Julius, Shakespeare changed that also, his real first name was Groucho and he had two brothers Chicus and Harpus. Willie didn’t mention them because Harpus was mute, and Chicus had a very strong Roman accent.
Personally I don’t even believe it was Antony’s speech alone that sealed Brutus’ fate, the fact that Antony was a dead ringer for Marlon Brando had to help. And as you can see in this picture, Antony wasn’t really believing what he was saying during the speech. See the smirk on his face? It was all an act.
You may remember Antony’s big speech from the Shakespeare version below is just a bit of it:
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him;
The evil that men do lives after them,
The good is oft interred with their bones,
So let it be with Caesar … The noble Brutus
Hath told you Caesar was ambitious:
If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
And grievously hath Caesar answered it …
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest,
(For Brutus is an honourable man;
So are they all; all honourable men)
Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral …
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honourable man…
Marc Antony was faking it, but it doesn’t matter. After his speech it was “Antony this, Antony that” everyone adored that loser!
Who cares! It was that same fake charm that helped him seduce Cleopatra, the woman who gave birth to Caesar’s son. Yeah I know Shakespeare said she seduced him– but come on, do you believe everything you read in the liberal media?
Willie even cleaned up the guy’s nickname. They never called him the Bard of Avon. They said he was a bird brain, they called him the Boid (Brooklyn for Bird). Shakespeare was in the tank for Antony so he cleaned it up a bit.
But Antony is not my focus today, because in my acting days I played the role of Marcus Brutus. He was a man of great honor and a conservative. He killed Caesar because big Julie was going to take over the democratic process, rule as a despot and destroy people’s freedoms. By the way they used knives because there was no Second Amendment in Rome ( or guns). But nothing angered Marcus more than when politicians were on the take, you know like the kind of things Peter Schweizer wrote about in Clinton Cash.
Brutus’ had two big political problems, he expected everyone to be as honorable as he was and would never verbally attack another candidate for emperor (kind of like Romney). His other problem was , wasn’t as good looking as the competition, Mr. Marlon Brando look-alike. In the picture below we see Marcus with his taller friend Caius Cassius. He’s not bad looking, just not as good looking as Antony. And because he was so honorable, he didn’t go to Marc Antony before Caesar’s funeral to cut a deal, you know, make him an offer he couldn’t refuse. Brutus wanted to serve but for Antony it was all about the power. For Marc Antony ruling Rome was like a chariot named desire.
Marcus Brutus was a man of real honor and a great leader but Shakespeare felt he could only have one hero so Marcus was the odd man out, so Willie S. took a tale that should have been a story of a Roman star being born, turned out for Brutus to be a deadly affair.
Even though he wasn’t given the all the credit he deserved by the Boid, Willie Shakespeare at least gave him one scene where it displayed his great sense of honor. The scene where Brutus and fellow conspirator Caius Cassius had a fight because Cassius had an issue with “sticky fingers.” Kind of like a NYC buildings’ inspector. Below are two segments of Brutus’ rebuke of Cassius, they just so happen to be the speeches I torture my family every time they even mention, the Ides of March:
Let me tell you, Cassius, you yourself
Are much condemn’d to have an itching palm;
To sell and mart your offices for gold
The name of Cassius honours this corruption,
And chastisement doth therefore hide his head.
Remember March, the ides of March remember:
Did not great Julius bleed for justice’ sake?
What villain touch’d his body, that did stab,
And not for justice? What, shall one of us
That struck the foremost man of all this world
But for supporting robbers, shall we now
Contaminate our fingers with base bribes,
And sell the mighty space of our large honours
For so much trash as may be grasped thus?
I had rather be a dog, and bay the moon,
Than such a Roman.
(…)You have done that you should be sorry for.
There is no terror, Cassius, in your threats,
For I am arm’d so strong in honesty
That they pass by me as the idle wind,
Which I respect not. I did send to you
For certain sums of gold, which you denied me:
For I can raise no money by vile means:
By heaven, I had rather coin my heart,
And drop my blood for drachmas, than to wring
From the hard hands of peasants their vile trash
By any indirection: I did send
To you for gold to pay my legions,
Which you denied me: was that done like Cassius?
Should I have answer’d Caius Cassius so?
When Marcus Brutus grows so covetous,
To lock such rascal counters from his friends,
Be ready, gods, with all your thunderbolts;
Dash him to pieces!
That’s it for the Ides Of March, next time we will cover King Richard II and the real reason he didn’t get along with his cousin Hank.
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Almost half of adults in the U.S. are projected to be obese, not just overweight, by 2030, according to estimates published in December 2019 in the New England Journal of Medicine. Nearly one in four people will be morbidly obese, meaning carrying about 100 pounds over one’s normal body weight.
In the age of a coronavirus pandemic, this is especially worrisome as obesity, which decreases lung capacity, may triple the risk of hospitalization due to a COVID-19 infection, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
24/7 Tempo analyzed county-level data from the 2020 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps report (CHR), a collaboration between the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute to determine the 50 most obese cities in the U.S. We aggregated county-level statistics to metropolitan statistical areas.
Many of the metro areas with high obesity rates also tend to have low-income populations. People with lower incomes are less able to afford proper medical care as well as a healthy lifestyle and have less access to healthy foods or gyms. Only one of the 50 cities with the highest obesity rates on this list has a median annual household income that is higher than the U.S median of $65,712.
Though the underlying causes of obesity are many, some are within one’s control and others, like genetics, are not. The health outcomes of being obese are clearer. One of them is diabetes. All but three of the most obese cities on our list have an adult diabetes rate lower than the U.S. rate of 10.3%. Click here for 10 warning signs you may have diabetes.
Obesity is associated with a reduced quality of life, chronic conditions such as hypertension, and diseases such as heart disease and cancer that are among the leading causes of death. Only seven of the 50 metro areas on the list have a lower share of adults reporting being in poor or fair health than the U.S. average of 17.2%.
Health experts have pointed to several lifestyle factors that are likely contributing to the excess weight problem, among them a sedentary lifestyle and the consumption of high-calorie diets, including large sugary beverages — here are 45 popular fast-food single items with more than 1,000 calories.
Keeping active has been shown to help people maintain a healthy weight. Nationwide, 23.0% of adults report exercising on a regular basis. Of the 50 most obese cities on our list, only two metro areas have a lower share of adults who don’t exercise regularly.
To determine the most obese cities in the U.S., 24/7 Tempo reviewed obesity data for all 384 metro areas in the country. The obesity rates — the share of adult residents who report a body mass index of 30 or greater — came from the 2020 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps (CHR), a collaboration between the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute.
The age-adjusted percentage of the total population 20 years and over diagnosed with diabetes in 2016, the latest year for which data is available, also came from the 2020 CHR.
Age-adjusted rates of diabetes were provided at the county level, which were then aggregated to the metropolitan level using a weighted average, based on the percentage of the 2019 one-year population of each county within each metro area. Population figures, as well as median household income and poverty rate, came from the American Community Survey 2019 1-Year Estimates.
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You already know what the carnivore diet is, what are its main rules and how to start it right. During the carnivore diet, you can only eat animal foods, avoiding any vegetables, fruits, grains, herbs, and any other processed foods of plant origin. However, the carnivore diet has several options. One of them is pure carnivore nutrition, which works great as an anti-inflammatory diet to help you lose weight and improve your health. The second option is a dirty high-protein diet, which people often practice in order to get the benefits of a zero-carb diet but diversify their weight loss with some additional food – spices, herbs, teas, etc.
We’ve compiled all of the most popular, frequently asked questions about the foods, drinks, and spices you can eat or need to avoid. You will find here all the answers to the most important questions regarding the carnivore diet. Let’s figure it out together!
Carnivore FAQ: Foods to Eat and to Avoid
Are Eggs Carnivore Diet?
You can eat eggs in the first phase of the carnivore diet because they belong to animal-based food groups. After one month of the first carnivore phase, you can either leave eggs on your menu or move towards a pure zero carb consisting of only grass-fed beef and water.
Are Pork Rinds Allowed on Carnivore Diet?
Pork rinds are an excellent snack for the carnivore diet because they contain two permitted ingredients – pork and salt. Choose pork rinds without additional flavorings and spices. This way, you can be sure that they contain only food of animal origin. A perfect option would be to cook pork rinds at home.
Can You Drink Coffee on Carnivore Diet?
In theory, coffee is a plant-based food that is banned from the carnivore diet. However, the first carnivore cycle allows coffee to be consumed without any additives or with the addition of butter. The third cycle of the strict carnivore only allows water, eliminating coffee.
Are Mushrooms Carnivore Diet?
No, mushrooms are not carnivore-friendly as they are plant foods. However, some people practice dirty carnivore by including small amounts of vegetables with minimal carbohydrates in their diet. Mushrooms fall into this category since they contain 1-2 grams of net carbohydrates per 100 grams.
Can You Drink Alcohol on Carnivore Diet?
The true carnivore diet forbids the consumption of any liquids other than pure water and bone broth in order to exclude any plant foods. Some people who stick to dirty carnivore occasionally indulge in a small amount of strong alcohol with zero carbs. However, you should be aware that it will likely knock you out of ketosis, so you shouldn’t do this if your goal is medical ketosis.
Can You Have Berries on Carnivore Diet?
No, you cannot eat berries while on a carnivore diet. It is a food of plant origin, which, moreover, contains carbohydrates. Some meat eaters may occasionally eat berries during a dirty carnivore diet. However, this is contrary to the main principles of the pure animal diet.
Can You Drink Diet Soda on Carnivore Diet?
Diet soda generally has no sugar and calories, but it remains an artificial product consisting of chemical compounds. The carnivore diet aims to eliminate all processed foods and base the menu on clean eating. Therefore, nutritionists recommend eliminating diet soda from any diet to avoid potential health hazards .
Can You Drink Sparkling Water on Carnivore Diet?
Yes, you can drink pure sparkling water without restriction while on the carnivore diet. However, you should choose those options that do not contain any additives, artificial sweeteners, flavors, and flavor enhancers. Pure sparkling water can be a good alternative for those who don’t like to drink plain water.
Can You Eat Corned Beef on the Carnivore Diet?
Yes, corned beef is a great option for the carnivore diet as long as you eat it without any plant-based supplements or carbohydrate snacks. However, if you choose canned corned beef, you need to ensure that it does not contain any additional ingredients – only beef, spices, and water.
Can You Drink Kombucha on Carnivore Diet?
Kombucha is not the best option for a carnivore diet. The fact is that the bacteria and yeast in its composition process sugar, and as a result, this drink contains carbs that are not suitable for a zero-carb diet. In addition, kombucha is the result of tea fermentation, which is why it is plant-based food. However, if you stick to dirty carnivore, you can occasionally afford a glass of sugar-free kombucha to reap the benefits of a fermented drink.
Can You Eat Deli Meat on Carnivore Diet?
In theory, cold cuts are animal foods that are suitable for a carnivore diet. However, most deli meat options contain too much sodium, added sugars, flavor enhancers, preservatives, and colorants that won’t benefit your body. And since carnivore is based on eating healthy whole foods, you can only eat deli meat if you cook it yourself.
Can You Have Vinegar on Carnivore Diet?
Any vinegar is a vegetable product, the use of which is contrary to the basic principles of an animal-based carnivore diet. However, you can occasionally use it as a cooking condiment if you follow a dirty carnivore.
Can You Use Hot Sauce on Carnivore Diet?
The dirty carnivore diet allows some condiments on the menu if they contain zero or minimal carbs. It means that you can choose hot sauce as long as it doesn’t have carbs. However, this is a plant-based processed food you should avoid if you want to get the full benefits of the pure carnivore diet.
Can You Use Coconut Oil on Carnivore Diet?
Coconut oil is the superfood of any low carbohydrate diet, but it is plant-based food. For this reason, you should avoid it during a strict carnivore diet at all stages. However, people who do a dirty carnivore diet sometimes use coconut oil as a source of beneficial fatty acids.
Can I Use Butter on Carnivore Diet?
Yes, you can eat butter on the first monthly cycle of your carnivore diet. However, I recommend you choose grass-fed butter with a natural composition that does not contain additives. Moreover, you can buy or make Ghee butter , which contains 0 carbs from lactose and is healthier to eat than butter.
Can You Drink Apple Cider Vinegar on Carnivore Diet?
Apple cider vinegar is a superfood for a variety of low-carb diets and health-conscious people in general. However, it is a plant-based product and should be avoided if you aim for a pure carnivore. Yet, you can use a small amount of apple cider vinegar during the adaptation period or a dirty carnivore.
Can You Use Avocado Oil on Carnivore Diet?
No. You cannot use avocado oil during the carnivore diet because it is plant-based food. During the carnivore diet, you can only use animal fats if your goal is to stick to pure carnivore. Some people use avocado oil as a part of their dirty carnivore diet, but you need totally eliminate it if you aim for the pure carnivore.
How Many Pounds of Meat Carnivore Diet Allows a Day?
You should aim to get 1 gram of pure protein per 1 kg of your target body weight. One pound of meat contains approximately 60-100 grams of protein, depending on the animal and its part. Also, you should be getting 1.5-2 times more calories from fat while on a carnivore diet. It equals the same number of grams of fat as protein (1 gram of fat provides 9 calories, 1 gram of protein provides 4 calories). Based on this, you can calculate the optimal amount of meat for your body weight. However, remember that carnivore does not control your calorie intake as long as you feel well.
How Much Liver per Week Carnivore Diet Allows?
The liver of various animals contains a unique set of vitamins and minerals among all animal products. Eating 1 pound of beef liver per week will completely cover the deficiency of most of the vitamins your body needs, including vitamin C. With other meat-based foods (including bone broth), you get the full spectrum of nutrients in much more quantities than during any other diet.
How Much Water to Drink on Carnivore Diet?
While on the carnivore diet, you may experience frequent urination and reduced swelling as a result of eliminating carbs from your menu entirely. For this reason, you may experience increased thirst and dry mouth. It’s okay. You can drink as much water as you need every time you are thirsty. If pure water does not help you quench your thirst, you may be deficient in electrolytes .
Is Chicken Carnivore Diet?
Yes, any part of a chicken is suitable for a carnivore diet. What’s more, I recommend that you eat every part of the chicken, including chicken breast, liver, and heart, for a full spectrum of vitamins and minerals. Make sure you cook or buy chicken dishes that do not contain vegetable ingredients, including sweet marinade or crunchy breadcrumbs.
Can You Eat Pickles on Carnivore Diet?
No, you need to avoid pickles while on a clean carnivore diet. In addition to being vegetables that you need to eliminate, they also contain carbohydrates. However, pickles are an excellent source of electrolytes for low-carbohydrate diets. If you’re doing a dirty carnivore diet, you can occasionally indulge in some pickles, making sure they don’t have any added carbs.
Can You Eat Bread on Carnivore Diet?
Unfortunately, you can’t eat any kind of bread while on the carnivore diet. Even if it is a low-carb bread, it contains too many vegetable ingredients that are forbidden during the carnivore diet. So the only option available to you during the carnivore diet is chicken cheese keto loaf with no veggies added.
Are Hot Dogs Good for Carnivore Diet?
Yes, you can treat yourself to a hot dog on occasion. However, remember the basic rules of a carnivore diet – no fillers, added carbohydrates, or plant-based foods. Choose proven options, but remember that this is still a processed meal, while you should strive to eat clean. Make your own hot dogs and enjoy clean food without compromising your carnivore diet.
Can You Drink Kefir on Carnivore Diet?
Dairy foods cause a lot of controversy in the carnivore community. Many simply cut out dairy, while others opt for low-lactose options like kefir and some kinds of cheese during their first carnivore cycle. Kefir has a beneficial composition, and it is able to restore your electrolyte balance on a carnivore diet. However, keep an eye on your carbs and try to opt for low-carb options.
Can You Drink Milk on Carnivore Diet?
You cannot drink milk while on a carnivore diet. It applies primarily to plant-based milk (almond, soy, coconut, etc.). But it also applies to animal milk. The fact is that it contains too much lactose, which our bodies easily convert into glucose, disrupting ketosis and the main principle of the zero-carb diet.
Can You Eat Avocado on Carnivore Diet?
While avocados are a source of essential healthy fats on any low-carb diet, you’ll have to cut them out during carnivore. Avocados are the fruit of a plant, so they are not suitable for a zero-carb diet, even though they are low in carbs. Dirty carnivore allows for the occasional small amount of avocado, but this type of eating is no longer a true carnivore.
Can You Cook With Olive Oil on Carnivore Diet?
You need to avoid olive oil and olives while on a carnivore diet as it is plant-based food. The zero-carb diet has great animal options for cooking – for example, any animal fat (lard, tallow, chicken fat) or Ghee butter.
Can I Eat Pork Belly on Carnivore Diet?
Yes, pork belly is great carnivore food. It is on the list of animal fats that should fill your menu during the zero-carb diet. You need to watch your fat content levels to prevent excess protein on the menu and excessive stress on the kidneys.
Can You Eat Breakfast Sausage on Carnivore Diet?
You can eat breakfast sausage while on a carnivore diet, and it makes a great snack full of protein and fat with a little bit of spice. You can cook it yourself using a minimum of seasonings or buy breakfast sausage in any store. However, you need to carefully read the labels and make sure that it does not contain added carbohydrates.
Can You Drink Tea on Carnivore Diet?
The first monthly cycle of the carnivore diet allows for the consumption of tea and coffee in small quantities and without any additives. However, pure carnivore denies all plant foods, and if you are going to move on to the third cycle, consisting of beef and water, you will have to give up tea.
Can You Eat Yogurt on Carnivore Diet?
Yogurt belongs to the controversial group of dairy foods during the carnivore diet. Zero-carb sometimes allows low-lactose dairy foods such as hard cheeses, butter, and small amounts of kefir. However, yogurt (we’re talking about sugar-free Greek yogurt) is more of a high-lactose food, so you should avoid it while on a carnivore diet.
Can You Have Mustard on Carnivore Diet?
No, mustard is not suitable for the carnivore diet because it is plant-based food. However, the first stage of carnivore allows the use of low-carb spices and condiments in small quantities. But if you’re aiming for a pure carnivore, you must avoid mustard.
Can You Have Stevia on Carnivore Diet?
Stevia is a plant-based product that many people consume during low-carb diets. And while it has no calories, no carbs, and does not interfere with blood sugar regulation, carnivore aims to eliminate all plant foods, including stevia. However, you can occasionally use stevia during the adaptation period.
Can You Use Seasoning on Carnivore Diet?
In general, seasonings are plant foods that the carnivore diet tends to limit. However, the first carnivore cycle may allow some options that do not contain carbohydrates and do not affect your blood insulin levels. If you want to follow a strict carnivore, you must eliminate all seasonings except salt.
What Spices Can I Use on the Carnivore Diet?
During the mild carnivore diet, you can consume some spices that do not contain carbohydrates. It can be salt, various types of pepper, ground garlic, basil, oregano, thyme, paprika, cinnamon, coriander, cumin, turmeric, lemon juice, etc. However, remember that a strict carnivore diet only allows you to use salt.
What Seasonings Can You Use on Carnivore Diet?
Seasoning is a mixture of spices that gives different flavors to your dishes. We have already found out that you can eat some spices during the carnivore diet, which means that there are also seasoning options that you can use. Choose options that do not contain added carbohydrates.
Can You Use Condiments on the Carnivore Diet?
Most condiments are plant-based, so eating them breaks the principles of the carnivore diet. However, during the adaptation process, you can use some zero-carb condiments to diversify your diet. For example, you can make carnivore mayo without plant ingredients or use different sauces with minimal carbs.
Can You Use Pepper on Carnivore Diet?
As you already know, the carnivore diet restricts all plant foods without exception. Therefore, this category includes all types of pepper. However, the first adaptation cycle of the carnivore diet sometimes allows you to use spices, including pepper, to add some extra flavors and aromas to the meat.
Can You Use Garlic Powder on Carnivore Diet?
As you already know, carnivore restricts plant foods but occasionally allows zero carb spices during an adjustment period or a dirty carnivore diet. For example, you can use garlic powder in small amounts as it contains minimal carbohydrates.
Can You Use Sweetener on Carnivore Diet?
Carnivore aims to eliminate the use of processed foods and chemical ingredients, as well as all sweeteners. Besides, all safe sweeteners are made from plants. For these reasons, you should avoid sweeteners while on the carnivore diet. By the way, you have nothing to use it with.
Can You Use Soy Sauce on Carnivore Diet?
Soy sauce is included in the list of vegetable condiments that people sometimes indulge in during a dirty carnivore or adjustment period. You just have to choose the zero-carb option with no added sugars. However, you should remember that pure carnivore forbids eating any plant foods. Therefore, you should avoid soy sauce if you want to follow a pure carnivore diet.
Can You Eat Eggs on the Carnivore Diet?
Yes, you can eat eggs during the first adaptation cycle of the carnivore diet. Eggs are an excellent source of animal protein and fats, as well as vitamins and minerals. However, if you want to follow pure carnivore, you need to gradually eliminate eggs.
Can You Use Olive Oil on Carnivore Diet?
No, you cannot use olive oil during the carnivore diet because it is plant-based food. However, you can replace olive oil with any type of animal fat, from Ghee butter to animal fat (beef tallow, duck fat, etc.).
Do You Have to Eat Organ Meat on Carnivore Diet?
You can avoid organ meat if you don’t like it while on the carnivore diet. However, by doing so, you are missing out on some of the benefits of this type of diet. It is organ meats that contain essential nutrients and minerals that you lack on a zero-carb diet. If you don’t like the taste of organ meats, you can add a small amount to your ground beef or make a pâté with a small amount of beef liver, rich in vitamin C.
How Much Salt Do I Need on the Carnivore Diet?
If you lead an active lifestyle and do strength training, you will need about 2-3 teaspoons of salt to replenish electrolyte balance . Of course, you will receive sodium from food. However, this amount may not be enough for good health. You can dissolve 1 teaspoon of Himalayan salt in a bottle of water and drink it in small sips if you feel weak at the beginning of your carnivore journey.
- Crichton, G., Alkerwi, A., & Elias, M. (2015). Diet Soft Drink Consumption is Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Two Sample Comparison. Nutrients, 7(5), 3569–3586. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7053569
- Chinnadurai, K., Kanwal, H. K., Tyagi, A. K., Stanton, C., & Ross, P. (2013). High conjugated linoleic acid enriched ghee (clarified butter) increases the antioxidant and antiatherogenic potency in female Wistar rats. Lipids in health and disease, 12, 121. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-12-121
- Recommended Dietary Allowances: 10th Edition. 11. Water and Electrolytes. National Research Council (U.S.) Subcommittee on the Tenth Edition of the Recommended Dietary Allowances. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1989.
- Jung, A. P., Bishop, P. A., Al-Nawwas, A., & Dale, R. B. (2005). Influence of Hydration and Electrolyte Supplementation on Incidence and Time to Onset of Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramps. Journal of athletic training, 40(2), 71–75.
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Agriculture and Social Media
There was a time when farmers got together at the local feed mill and talked about the weather or what was happening in the world of agriculture. Communicating with others was called socializing. It was done face to face and was generally local. Now people, farmers included, spread the word—whether personal or farming-related—using social media tools, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and blogs.
Why should agriculture producers care about social media tools? It’s really quite simple: mass influence.
Consumers aren’t just learning about food production at local farmers’ markets; many are using social media to educate themselves. Today, most farmers use computers, the Internet, cell phones, smartphones, and perhaps even electronic tablets or notebooks. But when it comes to social media, many still lag behind. That may mean they are missing great opportunities to interact with and educate the public, not to mention promote their farms and their products.
Social media refers to Internet-based applications that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content. The value of social media is that it blends technology and social interaction. Social media is a culture changer, not a fad. In an era of 500 million Facebook users, 50 million tweets, 450 million mobile Internet users, and 68 million bloggers, society has shifted.
Traditionally, agricultural information exchange was dominated by industrial media such as newspapers, television, and magazines. In recent years, however, technology awareness and computer literacy have increased across all demographics. Various forms of social media are being used more and more by people looking for news, education, and other information related to agriculture.
If you have a one-on-one conversation about an issue, only the person you’re talking to benefits from the information you deliver. But if you share that information using social media, there is the potential to reach millions of other growers asking the same questions or facing similar problems.
Social media also provides growers a quick and easy way to build relationships and interact with people in agriculture. Social media creates a much broader agriculture community, so obstacles like physical distance and isolation are issues of the past.
Agriculture and social media fit together. Social media is the platform of engagement and agriculture is the content. Social media is giving farmers and rural businesses a voice and providing invaluable networking opportunities for continuous two-way communication. Be sure you’re taking advantage of all the opportunities social media offers.
Information Sheet 1946 (POD-08-18)
By Jamie Varner, PhD, Extension Instructor, Extension Center for Technology Outreach.
The Mississippi State University Extension Service is working to ensure all web content is accessible to all users. If you need assistance accessing any of our content, please email the webteam or call 662-325-2262.
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Last week, news spread quickly that, according to the Ebony Foundation, former Detroit Mayor Kwame Kilpatrick would be released from federal prison 21 years, likely due to the coronavirus prison situation. Now, the federal Bureau of Prisons has announced they have denied his application for home confinement, putting an end to the speculation.
Originally, the Ebony Foundation released a statement saying Kilpatrick would be released after serving seven years of a 28-year sentence. Michigan state representatives Sherry Gay-Dagnogo and Karen Whitsett, both of whom have asked President Trump to release Kilpatrick, also stated the former mayor would be freed early.
The Bureau of Prisons first declined to comment on Kilpatrick’s status, but now, has issued a statement putting an end to the speculation of an early release.
“On Tuesday, May 26, 2020, the federal Bureau of Prisons reviewed and denied inmate Kwame Kilpatrick for home confinement,” the statement reads. “Mr. Kilpatrick remains incarcerated at the federal correctional institution in Oakdale, Louisiana.”
Kilpatrick, 49, is currently scheduled to be released in January 2037.
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We as a whole are enamored with messing around on the web and disconnected. Games can be characterized as an action that is simply accomplished for delight or once in a while for instructive reason. In any case, a considerable lot of the games like soccer, rugby, baseball, chess, and so on are to a great extent played to have rivalry between the major parts to choose the champ. The victor of the game is typically the person who uses his psychological and actual work better than average to dominate the match. Numerous individuals barely figure out how to mess around which implies their physical and mental capacity will relatively lower than an athlete who stays fit and plays game routinely. Most games need physical and mental incitement to be played viably. As it is said that games require mental incitement, it is evitable that it improves one IQ level.
One can discover boundless quantities of famous games on the web and the rundown of games is basically perpetual. Games can be characterized in various classes like test, question and answer contests, web based games and genuine games. Genuine games incorporate a wide scope of games. Back-and-forth is quite possibly the most well-known, famous and generally played genuine games. This game is otherwise called rope pulling. The game is played between two distinct groups or at some point between two people. Both the groups need to rival each other utilizing a rope which is the pull. The champ is pronounced when one of the two groups figured out how to pull the adversary group in such a way that they cross the middle point. This game requires high actual incitement just as mental system as the game should be played with strategies to support the players.
Pretenses is one of the speculating games, which is likewise generally delighted in by individuals around the planet. This games is known by various names in various pieces of the world, notwithstanding, the most widely recognized name for the game is Charades or Charade. The game แอพเว็บพนันออนไลน์ is just about as fascinating as some other test games or online question and answer contests. Pretenses additionally improves IQ as it includes part of mental exercise in type of conjecture works. The game depends on acting and speculating abilities. As one individual showcases a word or an expression and the other member needs to figure the right answer by understanding the communication through signing done by his partner.
Question and answer contests are additionally perhaps the most fascinating games that are delighted in by individuals from all age gatherings. These games are loaded up with general information kind of inquiries which should be replied. In the same way as other different games question and answer contest additionally helps in upgrading your IQ level. Different games that are improves our psychological abilities incorporate online test games, word search games, word puzzles, picture puzzle, suduko.
Chess is one celebrated prepackaged game which is played in pretty much every nation of the world. It can likewise be played on the web. The game profoundly invigorates mental capacity of the players. It requires part of psyche work. There are numerous other such games that are played which offer happiness as well as upgrade IQ level. Games like solitaire, hearts, piquet, connect, and so forth are energizing games that will make you consider various techniques to dominate the match.
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Throughout election 2018, the Ms. Blog has brought you content presented in conjunction with Gender Watch 2018, a project of the Barbara Lee Family Foundation and the Center for American Women and Politics. Now that results are in, Gender Watch 2018 experts have offered additional insights and analysis into what happened.
We asked experts on gender, race and politics to weigh in on the 2018 election results, sharing their reactions to what happened and insights and analyses from research, practice and personal sentiments. Their “hot takes” break down what the 2018 election results will mean for certain communities, our country and their work.
Celeste Montoya, University of Colorado Boulder
As a political scientist, I am torn between hope for the possibilities of our democracy and the empirical reality of how far we are from achieving it.
While I process through the “victories” and “defeats” of this election, tonight I’m thinking about my students who have just heard or are waiting to hear about whether or not they’ll be separated from beloved family members in the upcoming months. About those who hear political rhetoric belittling or demonizing their existence. About those whose have had their experiences with sexual assault and violence mocked. About those who were unable to exercise their right to vote this election. As a political scientist, I am torn between hope for the possibilities of our democracy and the empirical reality of how far we are from achieving it. [Election] night restored at least one component of our federal checks and balance, as well as some of those that exist at the local level. Yet, these efforts may have been more successful had there not been so many insidious efforts to keep voters from the polls, and such blatant attempts to scapegoat marginalized populations. Voter restrictions disproportionately impact marginalized groups; yet, the burden seems to be placed on them to rectify the mistakes of the current political class.
With a record high gender gap found across all racial-ethnic groups, it is still women of color that are expected to shoulder the burden of change and persist despite intersectional oppression, and white women who are blamed when efforts fall short. Let’s make sure to hold accountable those who are truly to blame for the current threats to our democracy. These are not the demographics currently in power. Let us hope that the slim victories of tonight create a path for the future victories that are needed to build a more inclusive and just democracy, or at the very least weaken a backlash aimed at undoing 150 years of incremental progress towards racial and gender equity. But remember, elections are only one means of resistance. There are many more, or we wouldn’t have the very rights being threatened today.
Christina Bejarano, University of Kansas
We can celebrate the historic success of women of color in the 2018 election. This includes some historic ‘firsts’ for women elected to the House of Representatives: first Native American women with Deb Haaland (NM) and Sharice Davids (KS); the first Muslim women with Rashida Tlaib (MI) and IIhan Omar (MN), the first Latinas elected from Texas with Veronica Escobar and Sylvia Garcia; the first black female elected from Massachusetts with Ayanna Pressley and Connecticut with Jahana Hayes; and the youngest women elected with Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (NY) and Lauren Underwood (IL).
But as we have said before, we also need to move beyond the focus on their distinction as “firsts” to examine what these women’s candidacies have meant for challenging voter expectations and stereotypes, since we now have more examples of campaign strategies that are nontraditional and incorporate intersectional perspectives. Women of color are disrupting assumptions of minority women’s “double disadvantage” and demonstrating how they can attract wide voter support that is not restricted to their racial/ethnic/religious minority communities. They are changing the future rules of electoral politics and encouraging new and more diverse people to enter the fray. Future elections will include even more discussion of the growing impact of minority women as key political candidates and voters.
Emily M. Farris, Texas Christian University
During Ayanna Presley’s campaign for Massachusetts’ 7th district, she wore a lapel pin with a folding chair emblazoned with four letters: BYOC. Bring Your Own Chair. This was for Shirley Chisholm, the first African American woman elected to Congress who famously said: “If they don’t give you a seat at the table, bring a folding chair.”
It was a historic night for many women of color being elected to all levels of office. There were many firsts in Congress—the first Muslim women and Native American women, first Latinas from Texas, and Ayanna Presley became the first African American congresswoman from Massachusetts. Across the country, other women of color broke barriers, such as Melody Stewart, the first African American woman elected to Ohio’s Supreme Court and Letitia James, the first woman and first African American to be elected New York attorney general and the first African-American woman to be elected statewide. There were many firsts that are exciting to see, but also show the progress still needed to ensure all have a seat at the table.
Rachel VanSickle-Ward, Pitzer College
Last night was a milestone for women candidates of color. We witnessed the election of the first two indigenous women to Congress, Deb Haaland and Sharice Davids; the first black woman elected to Congress from Massachusetts, Ayanna Pressley; and the first Latinas to be elected to congress from Texas, Veronica Escobar and Sylvia Garcia. Davids has spoken openly about the challenges and opportunities presented by breaking barriers: “When people see a black woman or a native woman or a Latina or an LGBT person,” she says, “it should be part of the norm that they look and see a leader.” Extensive research illustrates that electing women to office can change perceptions about women’s role in politics more broadly. Given how long women of color have done the heavy lifting, but too often invisible labor, around campaigns and elections, the visibility of these women is noteworthy indeed.
Christabel Cruz, Center for American Women and Politics, Rutgers University
Since the 2016 election, we have been hearing a lot about establishment and anti-establishment candidates, but the midterm elections was really our chance to see women of color shine as challengers to the political status quo.
Win or lose, we saw women of color, many of whom were first-time candidates, change the face of what a qualified, viable candidate looks like. I spent Election Night 2018 in Queens, NY with a roster of Latina candidates entering elective office for the first time. Meanwhile, across the nation, women of color first-time, non-traditional candidates won or came close to winning in elections that were hotly contested. These candidates disrupt the narratives that women of color are not politically active or that women of color are not viable candidates unless they are fully recruited and endorsed by a party establishment. The successes of women of color candidates like Lauren Underwood in Illinois, Young Kim in California, Sharice Davids in Kansas, Jahana Hayes in Connecticut and Julia Salazar, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Catalina Cruz in New York, show that women of color candidates can appeal to voters based on their intersectional identities and can use their life and work experiences as politically involved community members to appeal as representatives to their neighbors. In my own research on Latina candidate emergence in the Bronx and Queens, I have spoken to many Latinas that have been involved in political activism and community organizations but have never seriously considered running for office because they don’t think that they will gain support from the party establishment, making them unlikely to win. I think that the wins and near-wins of many women of color first-time candidates that are outside of the traditional political establishment in the 2018 primary and general elections will change their minds and motivate them to see themselves as candidates in the coming election cycles.
Dianne Bystrom, Iowa State University
It’s not just that women candidates led the Democratic Party takeover of the U.S. House. It’s the diversity of the women elected—women of color, veterans, LGBTQ—campaigning on such issues as health care, gun control and reproductive rights that make the 2018 midterms significant in terms of gender. Now, many are cautiously optimistic that the diversity of women elected – led by probable Speaker Nancy Pelosi – will work across the aisle to pass key pieces of legislation.
Carrie Skulley, Sewanee: The University of the South
Forget the blue wave. Let’s talk about the wave of newly elected women across federal, state and local government. Last night, a record number of women were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. Among them were many notable firsts at the intersections of race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and generation. The election of these women serves to highlight women’s diversity and challenge the “women as monolith” narrative that permeates the punditry. Most of these women ran as Democrats, a feature of women in politics we have come to expect. However, many of them did not make their status as a woman or a woman of color the central focus of their campaigns. Perhaps they learned from Hillary Clinton’s failed attempts to build a gender consciousness that would propel women to the polls. Or, perhaps they wanted to focus on the issues with the knowledge that their status as a woman or as a woman of color was evident to voters.
The success of women in 2018 is inspiring, but it should not cause us to lose focus on the continued underrepresentation of women across all levels of government.
Sierra Watt, University of Kansas
The midterms elections bring two Native American women to the House of Representatives—Sharice Davids (Ho-Chunk Nation) and Deb Haaland (Laguna Pueblo)—as well as a potential third in Yvette Herrell (Cherokee Nation), who is leading in a close race with absentee ballots still being counted. Alongside two Native men in the Senate, this will constitute the largest representation of indigenous peoples in Congress. During this historic moment, these ladies stand as a reminder that Native Americans are not monolithic: they vary on their personal background, policy positions and political affiliations. In Kansas, the win for Sharice Davids is particularly groundbreaking, as she is also the first lesbian Representative for the state. In two New Mexico districts, Deb Haaland is a Democrat, while Yvette Herrell is a Republican.
Despite these wins, it is important to remember that there is still much work to be done for Native Americans throughout the country. Both Haaland and Davids faced racialized rhetoric during their campaigns, with the latter targeted by a Republican precinct committeeman who posted on social media that she would be “sent back packing to the reservation.” (He later resigned.) We can also frame Heidi Heitkamp’s loss in North Dakota alongside a new voter ID law requiring a street address which disproportionately targeted those living on Native American reservations—a law which was upheld by the Supreme Court. Heitkamp had previously experienced high support from Native communities in her first election. These incidents point out the need for increased representation for Native Americans and tribes at the local, state and national levels.
Corrine McConnaughy, The George Washington University
Women’s place in the game of politics changed with the 2018 elections, but not the fact that women are not a political group. What the gender politics of the 2018 midterms reminded me of most was the politics of the suffrage movement that I documented in my book The Woman Suffrage Movement in America: A Reassessment.
We saw historic gains for the place of women in politics made not because women came together as a group, but because some women who had enough of politics-as-usual found a way to create winning coalitions to take down a specific set of gender barriers. Importantly, though a record-breaking number of women candidates won seats in Congress, they did so by running campaigns that fit their local political environments and their own political identities—not a common “women’s campaign playbook.” The result? An incredibly diverse set of women will enter the halls of Congress in January, including the first Native women elected, the first Muslim women elected, the youngest woman elected, the first woman Senator from Tennessee and the first women elected to the House from Iowa. This could be a big leap forward in our understanding that “running as a woman” may be different than “running as a man,” but it is also different across different women’s candidacies. Learning that sort of lesson of political diversity within “women’s” politics was a major turning point in the suffrage movement, enabling successful state-level campaigns that ultimately turned the tide for the 19th Amendment.
Anna Sampaio, Santa Clara University
Women of color, and specifically Democratic women of color, delivered some of the most important victories this election cycle. There were an impressive number of path-breaking firsts from Ayanna Pressley becoming the first woman of color in the Massachusetts congressional delegation, to Rashida Tlaib (MI) and Ilhan Omar (MN) becoming the first Muslim women in Congress and Sharice Davids (KS) and Deb Haaland (NM) becoming the first Native and Indigenous women elected to Congress.
Latinas secured particularly high-profile wins, with Democrats Veronica Escobar and Sylvia Garcia becoming the first Latinas elected to Congress from Texas and Michelle Lujan Grisham in New Mexico becoming the first Latina Democrat elected as Governor. In addition to these firsts, Latina incumbents proved they know how to hold onto power as every Latina congressional incumbent, both Democrat and Republican, from California to New York, won re-election. Possibly the most impressive win for Latinas came in the form of Democrat Debbie Mucarsel-Powell, who defeated Republican Carlos Cubelo in Florida in a tightly contested race that helped to flip the balance of power in the House.
These wins represent historic victories and reflect changing demographics in the parties as Democrats become more racially, ethnically, religiously and regionally diverse and achieve greater levels of gender and age balance and responsiveness on sexual orientation and identity. At the same time, the election pointed to a Republican party constraining diversity by becoming more invested in whiteness, masculinity and rural voters. These demographic differences are interesting in their own right, but will undoubtedly come into play in the 2020 Presidential election and future national elections.
Laura Belko, Rutgers University-Camden
New Mexico’s outgoing Governor Susana Martinez had already broken that glass ceiling of gender and race, but with Martinez’s abysmal approval ratings, Congresswoman Michelle Lujan Grisham faced the possibility of voters’ backlash towards a new Hispanic female Governor. Grisham used video endorsements of white men who looked more like her opponent Congressman Steve Pearce, to counteract any doubts about her capability to hold that office. Grisham let the media champion her race and gender, while she presented herself as the best candidate for Governor and stayed on message about issues in her state with voracity and a depth of knowledge. Grisham rarely talks about her status as a Latina, but her campaign was smartly calculated to consider voter’s reactions.
Dara Strolovitch, Princeton University
My initial reactions are emotional ones. I am (tearfully) exhilarated about the amazing number of “intersectional firsts,” with women of color, queer people and queer people of color earning victories in so many races and at so many levels of government. I am disappointed about the results in the gubernatorial races of Andrew Gillum (FL), Stacey Abrams (GA, though votes are still being counted and she has not conceded) and Christine Hallquist (VT), and about Beto O’Rourke’s Senate race (TX), at the same time as I am inspired by and optimistic about how close most of those races were. I also feel a deep, and also tearful, physical sense of relief that the Democrats will hold a majority of House seats, and, though I recognize that this is not panacea, I am hopeful that these results will provide some respite from what has felt to so many of us like two years of Trumpian impunity. I feel hopeful, too, that the results of things like the restoration of voting rights for people convicted of felonies who have completed their sentences in Florida and the organizing and turnout efforts that brought about these and other progressive victories foreshadow even more positive changes to come.
As a scholar of intersectional politics, I am also struck by the fact that many of last night’s progressive victories give lie to the received wisdom that, as one person I interviewed for my 2007 book about social and economic justice advocacy told me “the only way to build a Democratic majority” is to shift the focus of the party away from issues such as abortion, affirmative action and LGBT rights and to “persuade white men” to “vote their pocketbook”—though I also feel certain that this narrative will nonetheless persist. And as I contemplate what exit polls suggest is a significant decline in the still very high proportion of white women who cast ballots for Republicans, 52 percent in 2016 compared to 49 percent this year, and the increase in the proportion who voted for Democrats, 43 percent in 2016 and 49 percent this year, I am also thinking about the work of scholars like Catherine Harnois and Eric Anthony Grollman, who show how important it is that white women and white LGBT-identified people recognize their own experiences of oppression, as this leads them to recognize and oppose other axes of marginalization as well.
It seems increasingly clear that the arc of intersectional justice is not only long but also that it is so uneven that looks like an EKG, and that although the last two years have been a crash-course for many white women about the implications of persistent and institutionalized misogyny, many straight white Christian women have doubled-down on what my co-authors Janelle Wong and Andrew Proctor and I have characterized as their “possessive investment in white heteropatriarchy.”
Jennifer L. Merolla, University of California at Riverside
What is striking about this election is the extent to which the broader political environment spurred women to overcome some of the traditional barriers to running for office.
Election night may not have resulted in the blue wave that Democrats had hoped for, but it certainly was a pink wave. A record number of women will be in the U.S. House of Representatives, at least 31 newly elected, most of them Democrats, and many women of color. What is striking about this election is the extent to which the broader political environment spurred women to overcome some of the traditional barriers to running for office. We know from existing scholarship in race and ethnic politics and political psychology that threat can be mobilizing, especially when it generates feeling of anger. In that sense, the record number of women and women of color running against the backdrop of anger over Trump’s intersectional threat to women and minorities is consistent with existing scholarship. At the same time, these types of effects of the political environment for women are unprecedented, and have extended well beyond candidates running for U.S. Congress. Record numbers of women also ran for state and local office, and more women became engaged in politics and elections post 2016. The increased presence of women in political life and political office will likely have consequences that extend well beyond the current election cycle.
Erin Cassese, University of Delaware
In the run-up to the midterm elections, people often wanted to know whether the Republican Party was losing white, college educated women. According to the exit polling data from CNN, 59 percent of these women voted for their Democratic House candidate. Among white women without a college degree, only 42 percent voted for the Democratic candidate. In 2016, 51 percent of college educated white women voted for Hillary Clinton, compared to 34 percent of white women without a college degree. In both 2018 and 2016, there is 17-point gap between white women based on their education levels, but there seems to be a leftward shift in 2018.
Without having the data on hand just yet, it’s hard to say for sure whether some of the growth in Democratic voting among college-educated white women came from the Republican camp. I suspect much of this growth actually came from Independent women. Ninety-three percent of Republican women voted for the Republican House candidate, so party loyalty looks strong. However, 56 percent of Independent women voted for Democrats in 2018, compared to only 47 percent in 2016. Based on these figures, I’d say that Independent women voters are a group worth looking at more closely. Independent women voters may be key to the leftward shift among college educated white women.
Heather Ondercin, Wichita State University
Party identification was critical in shaping how women voted. Despite the popular claim that Republican women were going to defect en masse from the Republican Party, exit polls reported by CNN indicate 93 percent of Republican women voted for Republican House candidates—which is similar to the 96 percent of Democratic women who voted for Democratic House candidates.
Mirya Holman, Tulane University
Women’s wins in state legislative races represent a key–and perhaps overlooked–piece of the 2018 election. As CAWP notes, we had 3,389 women running for a state legislative seat, a dramatic increase over previous records. In Colorado and Minnesota, Democratic women’s wins represented key victories that allowed the party to take control of a chamber. Women won big in Texas, Nevada, and New Hampshire. Many of the candidates were political newcomers, running in districts previously labeled unwinnable for their party. And many of these women are graduates of women’s candidate training programs. State legislatures provide a key pipeline to Congress – if we want more women running (and winning) at the national level, we should be celebrating these big wins for women at the state level.
Anna Mahoney, Newcomb College Institute, Tulane University
This election did not create a lot of favorable conditions for women state legislators looking to consolidate their power in a women’s caucus. My research with Christopher J. Clark demonstrates that when women’s numbers in Democratically controlled legislatures increase, legislators are slightly more likely to form caucuses; while Minnesota’s House flipped to the Democrats, likely resulting in a woman ascending to the Speaker of the House spot, women House members as a whole actually lost a seat.
There is hope, however. Savvy entrepreneurs may still read political conditions on the ground as favorable because women caucuses are found even in unlikely places with high party polarization (Colorado), low numbers of women in office (Wyoming) or in strongly Republican states (Georgia). Some environments may be more favorable than others, but evidence found in case studies also suggests that when strategic women legislators utilize the right frames and marshal the right resources, they can unite women across party lines.
Barbara Palmer, Baldwin Wallace Center for Women and Politics of Ohio
In spite of a record number of women running, Ohio’s congressional delegation remains mostly male. Eleven women — more than double the number in 2014 — ran in 10 of Ohio’s 16 U.S. House districts, but the only women who were successful were the 3 Democratic incumbents. The only Republican female candidate, Beverly Goldstein, ran against Marcia Fudge, who won her 5th term to the House. Six of the remaining 7 women, all Democrats, ran against male Republican incumbents who all cruised to victory.
The results can be explained with one word: gerrymandering. Ohio’s House districts are examples of a highly successful Republican gerrymander. Even in the one open seat featuring a female candidate, Ohio’s 16th district south of Cleveland, the Republican won by 14 points.
Related to this is the political geography that helps to explain where women tend to be successful. Female candidates of both parties, but especially Democratic women, are more likely to be successful in large urban areas that are racially diverse, have higher proportions of people with college educations, and have higher incomes. Ohio’s 3 female Democratic incumbents are all examples of this: in spite of their extremely odd shapes, all of their districts are anchored in the cities of Cleveland, Toledo, and Columbus. The rest of Ohio’s districts are large, rural, and overwhelmingly white.
Ohio will be using a new process to draw its congressional district lines in 2022, but it will remain to be seen if it will have an real impact on gerrymandering or creating more opportunities for female candidates.
Rosalyn Cooperman, University of Mary Washington
Going into the 2018 midterm congressional elections, Republicans held a majority (7) of Virginia’s 11 congressional districts. Women Democrats helped flip the partisan balance of the Virginia congressional delegation and lend Democrats early seat pick-ups in their bid to retake the House. After yesterday’s midterms that partisan advantage flipped with Democratic women challengers Elaine Luria, Abigail Spanberger, and Jennifer Wexton, unseating three Republican incumbents in VA-2 (Scott Taylor), VA-7 (Dave Brat) and VA-10 (Barbara Comstock), respectively, and giving Democrats a majority within the congressional delegation for the 116th Congress that convenes in January 2019. These Democratic wins, along with Tim Kaine’s re-election to the U.S. Senate, further solidifies Virginia’s move from a purple to a blue state ahead of the 2020 presidential election.
Haley Norris, Rutgers University
We can celebrate the addition of three new gay women and one new gay man to the U.S. House of Representatives, and the first bisexual woman to ever serve in the Senate. In addition to these challengers, five incumbents—David Cicilline (RI), Sean Patrick Maloney (NY), Tammy Baldwin (WI-S), Mark Pocan (WI), and Mark Takano (CA)—were re-elected to the House, and Tammy Baldwin in the Senate. The results of the Rainbow Wave are eight openly LGB members of the House of Representatives and two in the Senate. All of these candidates are Democrats. The leadership in the Congressional LGBT Equality Caucus will be more gender-balanced and include more people of color.
The three new LGB women in the House all beat Republican incumbents, as did Kyrsten Sinema (AZ) in the Senate. Angie Craig (MN) ran and lost in 2016, but won by about five percentage points. Sharice Davids (KS) is one of two Native American woman elected to Congress. Katie Hill (CA) is one of the youngest women elected to Congress at age 29.
Jennie Sweet-Cushman, Chatham University
Those who emerged from the 2016 presidential election feeling bruised by the electorate’s treatment of Hillary Clinton should take heart in the 2018 midterm results. This year’s electorate, arguably younger and more diverse—like the future of American electorates—offered up win after win for women candidates up and down the ballot and around the country. In Pennsylvania, those victories will result in record numbers of women serving in the U.S. Congress (four), and a 71 and 24 percent increase in the number of women serving in the state’s senate and house, respectively—also record numbers. Nonetheless, these women candidates didn’t appear to necessarily win at higher rates than men on the ballot; there were just more of them. Some may express frustration that, despite a host of firsts and more women being elected, there did not seem to be a “pink wave” that ushered in women candidates as voters expressed a preference for women. At least in Pennsylvania, that didn’t appear to be the case. However, this has the potential to ultimately be great news for women’s representation. In 2018, to some degree women’s candidacies felt “normal” and voters considered them as candidates first and foremost.
If we are hopeful that more women will continue to run and win elective office, normalization of their candidacies is crucial to the full integration of women into running for office, more women doing so, building of a strong pipeline to higher offices, including the presidency, and—crucially—changing how voters are socialized to think about what political leadership should “look” like. Now that we’ve seen women candidates break through so many glass ceilings, maybe we can begin to just start expecting they will be there every year, in every race, in every state.
Christine Matthews, President Bellwether Research
The story of the 2018 election is the mobilization of women as candidates and as activists—many for the first time. Like many first time endeavors, success isn’t always immediate. But the question is: What is success? Is it winning? Or is it changing norms, like Democratic House candidate Liuba Grechen Shirley did when she successfully petitioned the FEC to allow childcare expenses to be paid out of campaign funds? Shirley did not defeat incumbent Peter King in New York’s 2nd congressional district yesterday, but she tackled an issue women candidates face. Many women candidates did win at every level, but many really great women candidates lost. Defeating an incumbent is hard; the re-election rate for House incumbents in 2016 was 97 percent, which is pretty typical. The good news is that the next Congress will have more women—and more diversity—than ever before. But what about the women who did not make it to Congress this time? Or to the state legislature or Governor’s mansion?
The most important advice: Don’t be discouraged, and stay involved. Democratic pollster Celinda Lake and I were so excited to undertake in-depth research for the Barbara Lee Family Foundation to explore how voters react to women candidates who lose an election and in what ways they’d like to see these candidates remain active. The Barbara Lee Family Foundation has since released the results of this Resilience Research. It has encouraging news for women candidates who aren’t giving up.
Jamil S. Scott, Georgetown University
The results of the 2018 midterm election are both exciting for the many women who have won their seat and thought provoking in terms of engagement this election cycle. The 2016 election was galvanizing. Whether it was anger about the outcome of the presidential race or a call to politics because of a sense of unhappiness with the status quo, something changed. It is significant that more women have been elected to Congress this year than ever before, a number of these being women of color. Women of color also had some great wins in down ballot races as well.
Yes, political ambition does still matter, but I think it’s time for us to think more about how the motivation to engage in politics differs across groups, especially at the intersection of race and gender. There is already some work that has addressed this; but in this time of high engagement we should think more about it. Furthermore, as these women take office, it’s important to not only think about their impact as role models during this election cycle, but also about how their presence matters for representation, the presence of women of color in particular. Last, but not least, we should not forget about the women of color who have and continue to come through for the Democratic party. Their vote matters.
In celebrating the winners, we must also not forget about the losers this election cycle. There was a wave of women running and many did not make it past their primary. What happens next for the electoral losers this cycle and how do we keep them engaged? It will be important to think about how this engagement may or may not be translated into the next election cycle or politics more generally.
Christina Wolbrecht, University of Notre Dame
An unprecedented number of women ran for election in 2018. Not all women won, but even many of the women who lost on Tuesday likely inspired greater political engagement among young women and girls.
My research with David E. Campbell shows that under some conditions, the presence of women candidates leads young women and girls to be more interested in discussing politics, voting, campaigning, and other forms of political engagement. Women have an impact when they run viable campaigns that attract media attention. We see strong effects in years in which women candidates are especially prominent, such as Geraldine Ferraro, the first female Vice Presidential nominee, in 1984, or the Year of the Woman in 1992. Women also are more likely to have an effect if their candidacies are novel—women running for offices previously held by men. What doesn’t seem to matter is the outcome of the election: as long as women are viable and visible candidates, we see an impact.
Clearly many women candidates in the 2018 midterms met these conditions: An unprecedented number of women ran for office, many for the first time and many for seats long-held by men. From the “pink wave” to women vets like Amy McGrath (KY) and MJ Hegar (TX), women candidates have been a central story in election coverage. The impact of those campaigns may ultimately not only be historic numbers of women in office, but an increased engagement in politics among the next generation of women.
Jessica N. Grounds, Mine The Gap
The number of Democratic women elected last night, and their diverse backgrounds, is significant—but overall, we did not see the total number of women serving in Congress increase dramatically. We saw a lot of women running against and beating other women. This is partly because many women can only see their own path to leadership in places where other women have been successful. Unfortunately, the number of Republican women serving in the House may shrink by as much as half.
We are a two party system. We will be stifled in our ability to tackle the biggest issues facing the country and globe without more women in both parties.
Nicole Carlsburg, The Barbara Lee Family Foundation
Women across the country made history this election cycle. Some races still remain to be decided, but we already know we’re sending record numbers of women, and specifically women of color, to Congress. We’ve elected the first Muslim and Native American women as well as the youngest woman ever to the U.S. House of Representatives. We’ve met the high-water mark for women governors serving concurrently. There is a lot for us to celebrate! However, a big question remains: How do we keep the momentum going past 2018?
While we should take time to celebrate all of the firsts women achieved in this year, the conversation can’t stop there if we want to continue moving towards greater gender parity. Our next question needs to be: How do we keep those who ran and lost in 2018 engaged?
New research from the Barbara Lee Family Foundation shows that losing is not and should not be the end of a woman’s political career; in fact, it can be the beginning of the next chapter. This study shows that voters are incredibly open to the idea of a woman candidate relaunching herself as a public figure and running for office again after a loss, and provides guidance about next steps. The resilience of women willing to run again, even after losing a hard-fought campaign, is essential to changing the face of leadership in the United States once and for all.
Michele Swers, Georgetown University
A large freshman class with many new women will bring new energy to the Democratic Caucus and could help Nancy Pelosi secure her grip on the Speakership. Equally important, Congress runs on seniority. Four women will chair House committees, including Nita Lowey at Appropriations and Maxine Waters on Financial Services. Women could wield at least 33 subcommittee gavels. A Congress with split control, Democratic House and a Republican Senate, will lead to more policy gridlock meaning that much of the work that gets done will go through the spending bills that keep the government running. As Appropriations chair, Nita Lowey will be a pivotal player on a range of issues. In the area of women’s rights, expect Lowey to push back on Trump administration efforts to limit domestic and international family planning and to advocate for women’s health protections in the Affordable Care Act. At Financial Services, Maxine Waters will join other chairs in stepped up oversight of the Trump administration. With her long interest in civil rights, expect her to scrutinize the treatment of minorities in housing programs and bank lending.
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The Japanese American Collaborative Emulsion Experiment (JACEE) was a scientific effort carried out to measure the composition and spectra of primary cosmic rays at the top of the atmosphere, using emulsion chambers transported by stratospheric balloons. JACEE's first flight was conducted in 1979, and flights continued through 1996, totaling 14 flights and 13 successful missions. The collaboration leveraged Japanese expertise in photographic materials and microscopy, American expertise in ballooning and data analysis, and Polish resources in scanning and measurement of emulsions.
Each payload could contain one, three, or four chambers, each chamber with an area about 2000 cm2, 12~25 cm thick, and weighing ~120 kg. Figure at left shows a schematic diagram of the vertical configuration of one chamber. It was comprised of four sections, identifiable according to their function in the experiment. These are, from the top, the charge detector, the target, the spacer, and the calorimeter. All sections were multilayered stacks of track-sensitive materials (emulsions, x-ray films, CR-39, Lexan) alternated with absorbers (acrylic, lead). There were approximately 300 layers of emulsion in the chamber. This configuration was more or less the same for all the flights. However, many flights not included the spacer section, and in some cases were added other elements like Cerenkov detectors or plastic scintillators.
The charge detector employed thick (200 - 400 micron) emulsions, which permited accurate determination of the charge of each primary particle via measurements of the grain density, gap distribution, and/or delta ray distribution. The target section was comprised basically of thin (50 ~ 75 micron) emulsion plates alternated with acrylic sheets. The substantial mass of low-Z material maximized the interaction probability, while the emulsion optimized the observation of charged tracks from an interaction vertex. In order to identify nuclear fragments, charge identification layers composed of thick emulsions and etchable plastics were inserted at regular intervals throughout the target.
The spacer section consisted of honeycomb paper with a few thin emulsions positioned at regular intervals that facilitated the tracing of tracks through it. Finally, the calorimeter was the energy measuring portion of the apparatus. It consisted of 1.0 and 2.5 mm thick lead sheets alternating with thin emulsion plates and x-ray films. Gamma rays emanating from a vertex in the target initiated electro-magnetic cascades in the calorimeter. The cascades produced dark spots in the x-ray films, the observation of which provided the trigger for an event. The events were traced back from the calorimeter, through the spacer, to the vertex in the target by observing associated tracks in the emulsions.
All flights made in Antarctica for JACEE after 1992 used the same gondola design: a simple, lightweight and very rugged framework that provided protection for the emulsion chamber modules in case of an awkward landing or parachute drag, wich also was easy to dissasemble on the landing spot or to be replaced in short notice at a low cost. The payload included an onboard data logging computer which was an adaptation of electronics originally designed for other project to record pressure altitude and module temperatures, as well as to control a shifter mechanism which moved upper emulsion layers out of registration when the gondola altitude was below 6 mbar. The JACEE data logger was interfaced to the NSBF SIP (Support Instrument Package) allowing status monitoring and data downloading during flight.
Balloon launched on: 12/21/1994 at 23:12 utc
Launch site: Williams Field, McMurdo Station, Antarctica
Balloon launched by: National Scientific Balloon Facility (NSBF)
Balloon manufacturer/size/composition: Zero Pressure Balloon Winzen 29.470.000 cuft - SF3-424.37-080-NSC-X-ST
Balloon serial number: W29.47-2X-09
Flight identification number: 391NT
End of flight (L for landing time, W for last contact, otherwise termination time): 1/3/1995 at 15:27 utc
Balloon flight duration (F: time at float only, otherwise total flight time in d:days / h:hours or m:minutes - ): ~ 13 d
Landing site: Victoria Land at 73 45' S, 152 22' E in Antarctica
Payload weight: 2940 lbs
Overall weight: 4576 lbs
The balloon, was launched by dynamic method on December 22, 1994 from McMurdo Station, and after a nominal ascent to float altitude it started a counter clockwise turn around the south pole. The balloon made one full revolution of Antarctica at an altitude of 131,000 feet. The balloon and payload were brought down by radio control from an ski-equipped Hercules LC-130 plane, on January 3 1995. At that time the LC-130 was unable to land and recover the payload due to ground fog in the landing area. On January 8 weather had improved and a second LC-130 was sent into the area but when they attempted to land they found the hard snow surface unsafe due to high, hard mounds of snow called sasturgi. Two days later a Twin Otter plane attempted to land in the same area with the same results.
The next try was made by helicopters from the U.S. Navy's Antarctic Development Squadron (VXE) 6 which traveled twice the normal range to perform the recovery. Working in close coordination with the Italian Antarctic Program they were able to use fuel that was already in place on the Antarctic Plateau for refueling. After almost four hours of flying across the near featureless terrain of the Polar Plateau, the crews arrived at the site around noon. The site was at a pressure altitude of 8,800 feet which made more difficult the task.
The payload, weighing almost 3 tons, had to be disassembled before being transported back to McMurdo. The helicopters' crews, along with Steven Peterzen, from NSBF where in charge of the task. Woking in harsh environment conditions and suffering symptoms of "altitude sickness" in four hours they had broken everything down and wrestled with the 600-pound parachute that had been filled by driven snow and was pulling them around in the 25 mile per hour winds. After that the two helicopters took two loads each down to a lower altitude place suitable for the landing of the Twin Otter plane. Finally the disassembled payload and parachute were back to McMurdo Station. After pumping fuel again for the return trip the helicopters returned to McMurdo with the rest of the scientific equipment 15 hours later.
JACEE-13 was one of the most succesful missions of the program logging 304 hours at float altitude.
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A striking British coal miner, behind on three mortage payments, was gloomy about the prospects of ending the 10-week-old strike by coal miners. ''If all the miners would join us, the strike would be over,'' he said before the start of a 15,000-strong miners march here in the heartland of the Nottinghamshire coalfields.
Frustration is setting in on both sides. Some 130,000 striking coal miners have tried, but not succeeded, in forcing another 49,000 coal miners to stop work.
As a result, some 43 mines remain open.
At the same time the National Coal Board is disappointed that not enough miners are coming back to work. As the coal strike goes on, there are rumblings of electricity price increases, and police action in trying to curb picketing coal miners has already run up a (STR)25 million ($35 million) law enforcement bill.
With the government digging in for a long haul and Arthur Scargill, the leader of the National Union of Mineworkers, announcing to a cheering crowd in Mansfield that the strike could go on until the end of the year and bring down the Conservative government of Margaret Thatcher, the opposing sides remain far apart.
The rift is exacerbated by what amounts to a personality conflict between the National Coal Board's tough chairman, Ian MacGregor, and the mineworkers' Mr. Scargill.
Mr. MacGregor says flatly he won't do anything about the dispute. His position is that Mr. Scargill started the strike, and if the mineworkers' chief wants it to end, it is up to him to come forward and negotiate.
But Mr. MacGregor quickly points out: ''He hasn't come to see me yet,'' as though to pin the onus for the continuation of the strike on Mr. Scargill. At the same time, Scargill contends he is willing to talk to MacGregor, but he says the issue of pit closures is nonnegotiable.
This virtually makes talks a nonstarter, since the strike is in part a response to MacGregor's plans to close down inefficient pits to make Britain's coal industry viable once more.
With neither side blinking, there is recognition that a third party may have to intervene to bring the two sides together.
That third party could be the National Association of Colliery Overmen, Deputies, and Shotfirers, which is reported to have made just such an overture.
But the possibility of holding talks is an extremely delicate matter since the two sides remain far apart in their preconditions.
Yet the imperative to hold talks is there.
For the mineworkers union, the unresolved dispute has tended to magnify the divisions within the trade union movement rather than promote worker solidarity.
The triple alliance of coal, steel, and railway workers is not holding together because of the refusal of steel workers to support the coal miners in their strike.
Although the Mansfield rally was intended to reflect broad-based union support for the miners, the march was conspicuous for the lack of support it drew from other unions.
Scargill's claims that his union's actions will bring down Mrs. Thatcher's government brought a stinging rebuke from Eric Hammond, general-secretary-elect of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications, and Plumbing Trades Union.
In an obvious allusion to Scargill, Hammond said: ''We in this union are not prepared to use our strength to bring down elected governments.
''Who do these nursery revolutionaries think they are kidding? Abandon our support for law and parliamentary democracy, and trade unions are defenseless.''
Despite his claims of a mineworkers' victory, Scargill's own position is precarious.
He has not always had the miners behind him, and if he cannot carry the day on the miners' strike, his position as leader may become untenable.
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This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. (April 2015)
Independent day and boarding school
|Motto||ΤΟ Δ’ΕΥ ΝΙΚΑΤΩ|
(Let right prevail)
|Founder||William Aldwin Soames (1787-1871)|
|Local authority||Brighton and Hove|
|Department for Education URN||114614 Tables|
|Chairman of the Governors||Lord Mogg|
|Age||3 to 18|
|Enrolment||1088 (ages 11–18)|
|Former pupils||Old Brightonians|
|Chaplain||Canon David Stone|
Brighton College is an independent, co-educational boarding and day school for boys and girls aged 3 to 18 in Brighton, England. The school has three sites: Brighton College (the senior school, ages 11 to 18); Brighton College Preparatory School (children aged 8 to 13, located next to the senior school); and the Pre-Prep School (children aged 3 to 8).
Brighton College was named England's Independent School 2019 of the Year by The Sunday Times. In 2018 it was ranked fifth in the country for average A-level results, with 99% of grades being A*–B.
In 2011, Brighton College opened its first international campus in Abu Dhabi. Brighton College International Schools (BCIS) has subsequently opened campuses in Al Ain, Bangkok and Dubai.
Founded in 1845 by William Aldwin Soames, Brighton College was the first Victorian public school to be founded in Sussex. Soames originally planned for use of the Brighton Pavilion, but after refusal by Queen Victoria, built the school in the suburb of Kemptown, Brighton.
The school occupied a niche in the development of English secondary education during the 19th century. Activities include:
- The use of individual classrooms for teaching small groups
- Being an early pioneer in teaching both modern languages and science
- Inventing the school magazine (1852)
- Building the first school gymnasium (1859)
- Erecting the first purpose-built science laboratory (1871)
Brighton College led the legal fight to secure the charitable tax status currently enjoyed by all registered charities. A long-running legal action between the school and the Inland Revenue from 1916 to 1926 produced a series of changes to tax law in the 1918 Income Tax Act, the 1921 and 1922 Finance Acts and, above all, section 24 of the 1927 Finance Act. The case (Brighton College v Marriott) went to the High Court in 1924, the Court of Appeal later that year, and ultimately the House of Lords in 1925.
It was the first independent school to introduce compulsory Mandarin Chinese from the age of 13, and in 2006 was the first public school in England to sign a deal with the Chinese government to encourage the teaching of Mandarin and Chinese culture.
The pastoral system at Brighton College is house based. There are 14 houses which are split by gender (with the exception of Alexander House). Staff of both sexes can be attached to any house. Houses contain between 48 and 85 pupils and are supervised by a house master or house mistress (HMM) and a team of personal tutors. Boarding houses also have a matron and house keeping staff. The HMM appoints Upper Sixth Formers (Year 13) as house prefects to look after and mentor younger members, and one as head pupil to represent their house at house events and competitions.
In September 2017, Brighton College's 14th house was opened, Alexander House. This was the first mixed-gender house in the college and is only for the Upper Sixth formers who decide during their Lower Sixth year that they wish to move into this house, with all members coming from other boarding houses. In their final year roughly half of boarders chose to enter the house.
List of houses
|Alexander||Ax.||Blue & Gold||M/F||Boarding|
- England's Independent School of the Year 2019 - The Sunday Times
- England's Independent Secondary School of the Decade 2010-2020 - The Sunday Times
- England's Public School Headmaster of the Year 2012 by Tatler magazine.
- England's Independent School of the Year 2012 - The Sunday Times
Site and buildings
Brighton College is located in Brighton's Kemptown area, in the east of the city. The school occupies three sites, facing south onto Eastern Road. It is immediately to the east of the site of the former Kemptown railway station, across Sutherland Road. Its principal buildings are in the gothic revival style by Sir George Gilbert Scott RA (flint with Caen stone dressings, 1848–66). Later buildings were designed by his pupil and former student at the college Sir Thomas Graham Jackson RA (brick and flint with cream and pink terracotta dressings, 1883–87; flint with Clipsham stone dressings 1922–23).
George Bell, Bishop of Chichester created the school grounds as an extra-parochial ecclesiastical district. Placed outside the parish of St. Matthew's, Brighton, the school chapel holds an episcopal licence to perform weddings.
Under the stewardship of Head Master Richard Cairns, the school has added a series of buildings to the college campus:
- 2008: the Alexander Arts Centre
- 2011: The Skidelsky Building (winner of a RIBA award)
- 2011: the new Pre-Prep school
- 2012: the Diamond Jubilee Pavilion (winner of a RIBA award), a new cricket pavilion at the school's fields near East Brighton Park. It was opened by the Earl and Countess of Wessex in July 2012.
- 2012: the Simon Smith Building (winner of a RIBA award)
- 2013: New House (winner of a RIBA award)
- 2014: Cairns Tower (winner of a RIBA award)
- 2015: The Music School and Sarah Abraham Recital Hall (winner of a RIBA award)
- 2017: Alexander House
- 2017: The Kai Yong Yeoh Building (RIBA nominee; Sussex Heritage Trust Award nominee)
- 2020: the School of Sports and Science - this £55 million building, which includes 18 university-standard laboratories, a rooftop running track, swimming pool and double-height sports hall, was designed by the Rotterdam-based Office for Metropolitan Architecture (OMA).
In September 2009, the school opened a new "Lower School" for children between the ages of 11 and 13. The site of this new part of the Senior School is on the old Art Block, with that now having moved to above the Woolton Quad. The Lower School means that Brighton College has been open to intake children at the age of 11 into the senior school for the first time in its history, as opposed to its traditional youngest intake of thirteen-year-old boys and girls, since the academic year starting 2009.
In January 2016, Headmaster Richard Cairns announced that Brighton College would scrap gender-specific uniforms and instead introduce a "trouser uniform" and a "skirt uniform" with both boys and girls under age 16 being free to choose which to wear. According to Cairns, Brighton College is “reacting to a changing society which recognises that some children have gender dysphoria and do not wish to lose their emotional gender identities at school.” Parental consent must be provided in order for a pupil to choose their uniform, and a pupil must wear either the "trouser uniform" or the "skirt uniform" in totality rather than a combination of the two. In addition, such a choice must be made on a permanent basis.
In 2017 the school invited Stonewall Ambassador Ian McKellen to share its anti-bullying message. The school has regularly made headlines for its pro-LGBT stance, emphasising the right of all pupils to feel safe and supported. For the 2013–14 academic year the school appointed the first openly gay head boy of an English independent school. In August 2017 the school participated in the Brighton Pride Parade, becoming the first public school in the United Kingdom to do so. The float was backed by Ian McKellen. This has become an annual event for the school, with pupils and staff designing and making the float.
The school positions community service as a “vital part of school life”. Pupils are involved in 328 days of community service a year – which includes visiting elderly people, teaching pensioners about technology, and working with local community initiatives.
Throughout the age range, pupils are exceptionally well educated in line with the school’s ambitious aims. The school is highly successful in preparing pupils for public examinations, as well as developing their breadth of knowledge and stimulating independent and enquiring minds. … Pupils show unusually high levels of knowledge, understanding and academic skills, appropriate to their age and ability. Results at GCSE and A level over recent years have been exceptional, and above the national average … Pupils of all ages show very high levels of spiritual, moral, social and cultural awareness and development. They are reflective, thoughtful and well behaved, possess a strong sense of right and wrong, and are conscious of the importance of social justice. They have a strong appreciation of tolerance [and] embrace diversity.
For the 2018/19 academic year the fees were £23,160 for day pupils. Boarding ranged from £33,390 - £37,470 pa. The school offers a number of scholarships and bursaries, offered on the basis of merit and need.
In the 2019 A-level examinations Brighton College achieved 99% A*B (82%A*/A). In the 2019 GCSE examinations they scored 94% 9–7. Class sizes at GCSE average 18, and at A-level they average 8. 26 subjects are offered at A-level.
The school has an extensive co-curriculum provision, with the option of “over 100 clubs and activities” in which pupils may participate. This includes drama (with 15 productions a year), dance (7 styles of dance and 70 classes per week), music (22 music groups) and art (100% A* results).
The school has an ethos of "sports for all" and offers a range sport choices. The major sports are athletics, cricket, netball and rugby. All pupils participate in games of their choice twice a week. The college was selected to provide training ground for Japan during the course of Rugby World Cup 2015. Going forward, England Head Coach Eddie Jones, Japan coach then, has hosted the elite player squad training camps at the college.
Principals and head masters
- Rev. Arthur Macleane (1846)
- Rev. Henry Cotterill (1851), subsequently Bishop of Grahamstown and Edinburgh
- Rev. Dr. John Griffith (1856)
- Rev. Dr. Charles Bigg (1871), subsequently Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History, Oxford
- Rev. Thomas Hayes Belcher (1881)
- Rev. Robert Halley Chambers (1892), formerly Principal of Victoria College, Jersey, subsequently Head Master of Christ College, Brecon
- Rev. Arthur Titherington (1895)
- Rev. Canon William Dawson (1906), formerly Headmaster of Corby Grammar School and The King's School, Grantham
- Rev. Arthur Belcher (1933), a pupil 1886–95, son of Rev. Thomas Hayes Belcher
- Christopher Fairfax Scott (1937), formerly Headmaster of Monmouth School 1928-37
- Walter Hett (1939)
- Arthur Stuart-Clark (1944), formerly Headmaster of Steyning Grammar School
- Roland Lester (1950) (acting)
- William Stewart MC (1950), subsequently Master of Haileybury and Imperial Service College
- Henry Christie (1963), subsequently Warden of St Edward's School, Oxford
- William Blackshaw (1971)
- John Leach (1987)
- Dr. Anthony Seldon (1997), subsequently Master of Wellington College
- Simon Smith (2005) (acting)
- Richard Cairns (2006)
Notable alumni and members of staff
Brighton College Abu Dhabi
In 2010, Brighton College announced that it was "helping to set up schools in Abu Dhabi". This venture was a for-profit franchise operation through a company the school had set up, Brighton College International Schools Ltd, in a joint venture with a UAE property development company called Bloom Properties. Brendan Law, previously of Westbourne House School in Chichester, West Sussex, was named Headmaster of Brighton College Abu Dhabi in September 2010, and the school opened in September 2011. Law was replaced by Ken Grocott, former Head of Geography at Brighton College, in September 2012.
- Thomas, Zoe (25 November 2018). "Independent Secondary School of the Year: Brighton College". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- "All schools and colleges in England – GOV.UK". Find and compare schools in England. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- "Brighton College, Brighton". The Good Schools Guide. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- "Home | Brighton College International Schools". www.brightoncollegeinternational.com. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- "Brighton College History". Archived from the original on 8 May 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- June 1924, 40 T.L.R. 763-5
- November 1924, 1 KB 312
- November 1925, AC 192-204
- "College makes Chinese compulsory". BBC News. 16 January 2006. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- "WW1 Roll of Honour". Brighton College Remembers.
- "WW2 Roll of Honour". Brighton College Remembers.
- "Pastoral Life at Brighton College". Archived from the original on 11 August 2009. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
- "Pastoral Life at Brighton College". Archived from the original on 11 August 2009. Retrieved 15 September 2009.[verification needed]
- "The Tatler School Awards 2012". Tatler. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
- "Star quality shows as Brighton College rocks". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
- "Stab Vests and Butter Knives" Archived 4 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine Fr. Robert Easton, September 2011, Farmington Trust
- Sussex Living magazine http://southdownsliving.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/earl-and-countess-of-wessex-open.html
- Moore, Rowan (11 January 2020). "Brighton College's Sports and Science Centre review – Hogwarts meets George Lucas". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved 12 April 2020 – via www.theguardian.com.
- Espinoza, Javier (20 January 2016). "Brighton College scraps century-old uniform code to accommodate transgender pupils". Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- Adams, Richard (20 January 2016). "Brighton College alters uniform code to accommodate transgender pupils". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- "Brighton College Uniform Policy 2020-21" (PDF). Brighton College. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- Cairns, Richard (27 February 2017). "Children must learn that homophobia is unacceptable - that's why we teach our pupils about the dangers from day one". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- Will Emery Gay Head Boy Public School The Huffington Post, 25 August 2013
- Public School appoints first gay head boy Sian Griffiths, The Sunday Times (London), 25 August 2013.
- Education Editor, Sian Griffiths (25 June 2017). "Top school Brighton College to celebrate Pride parade". The Sunday Times. ISSN 0956-1382. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
|last=has generic name (help)
- "Brighton College :: Independent Schools Inspectorate". www.isi.net. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- College, Brighton; Brighton; Sussex, East; Bn2 0al. "Scholarships & Bursaries". Brighton College | Independent School of the Year. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- pm, Olga Aug 17 at 6:45 (20 September 2019). "Brighton College UK Guide: Reviews, Ranking, And Fees". Britannia StudyLink Malaysia: UK Study Expert. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
- College, Brighton; Brighton; Sussex, East; Bn2 0al. "Academic Results". Brighton College | Independent School of the Year. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- College, Brighton; Brighton; Sussex, East; Bn2 0al. "Enrichment". Brighton College | Independent School of the Year. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- College, Brighton; Brighton; Sussex, East; Bn2 0al. "Sports life". Brighton College | Independent School of the Year. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- "Eddie Jones to host England training camp at Brighton College". The Argus. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
- Jones, Martin (1995). Brighton College 1845-1995. Chichester: Phillimore. p. 67. ISBN 0-85033-978-2.
- Jones (1995), p.212
- "Staff List". Archived from the original (ASP) on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- "Brighton College News". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
- Hyslop, Leah (24 September 2010). "Daily Telegraph". London. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- "Abu Dhabi Week". Archived from the original on 23 April 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- College, Brighton; Brighton; Sussex, East; Bn2 0al. "College News". Brighton College | Independent School of the Year. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- G. P. Burstow, "Documents relating to the Early History of Brighton College", The Sussex County Magazine, October 1951 and August 1952.
- G. P. Burstow & M. B. Whittaker (ed. Sir Sydney Roberts), "A History of Brighton College." (Brighton, 1957).
- Martin D. W. Jones, "A Short History of Brighton College." (Brighton College, 1986).
- Martin D. W. Jones, "Brighton College 1845-1995." (Phillimore, Chichester, 1995) ISBN 0-85033-978-2.
- Martin D. W. Jones, "Brighton College v Marriott: Schools, charity law and taxation.", History of Education, 12 no.2 (1983).
- Martin D. W. Jones, "Gothic Enriched: Thomas Jackson's Mural Tablets at Brighton College Chapel.", Church Monuments, VI (1991).
- Jones, Martin D. W. (1997). "Edmund Scott and Brighton College Chapel: a lost work rediscovered" (PDF). Sussex Archaeological Collections. 135: 309–311.
- H. J. Mathews (ed.), "Brighton College Register, Part 1, 1847-1863." (Farncombe, Brighton, 1886).
- E. K. Milliken (ed.), "Brighton College Register 1847-1922." (Brighton, 1922).
- Anon., "Brighton College War Record 1914-1919." (Farncombe, Brighton, 1920). Compiled by Walter Hett.
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Bananas are a very common and affordable favourite as far as fruits are concerned. They are also quite filling and can be a suitable replacement for sugary snacks at any time of the day.
Most often, weight watchers and health buffs would rather fill up on them than regular food. The question now is how much calories do you really lose when you eat a banana? These potassium rich fruits are packed with vitamins A, B6, C and E as well as Calcium, Phosphate and Niacin. They are affordable sources of these nutrients and more.
In addition to this, a banana is a super foods for people who exercise because it provides a quick burst of energy when needed. Coming off at about 120calories for a medium sized banana, 27grams of carbohydrate and no fats.
The Weight Myth and Bananas
Do they really help to lose or gain weight? Well this question can’t be answered as a simple yes or no. As far as fruits go, banana is an average fruit, with no more or less sugar than most other fruits. Bananas are great for powering workouts and as post workout snacks with their high fiber content.
For those who believe in a low-carb or low carb diet for weight-loss, then bananas are a no-no. You can take a single banana or half a large banana as your single source of carbs. But as far as regular foods go, bananas are a great substitute for processed sugars. A cup of sliced bananas or one whole banana a day isn’t a bad choice of your daily fruit intake.
Bananas are rich in fibre and pectin. This combination helps you stay fuller for longer and could go a long way in keeping you satiated. Bananas can therefore make a great substitute to foods higher in carbs but low on fiber.
Being high in potassium, bananas are a great snack for people suffering from high blood pressure. A single medium sized banana provides about 10% of the required daily amount of potassium.
Apparently, if you live close to where these amazing suckers grow naturally, you get a guilt free pass to have some more bananas. Since bananas contain carbs, eating them in addition to other high-carb foods isn’t advisable. Certain studies have however alluded that if you get your banana fresh and natural, they aren’t so bad. Genetically modified and processed variants are less healthy than the naturally growing bananas.
Glycemic Index of Bananas
These fruits have a glycemic index of about 50. This is a measure of how easily a food releases sugar into the blood causes a spike in blood sugar. At 50, they have a medium to low Glycemic Index and are thus relatively safe.
An average banana contains 105 calories and 27 grams of carbohydrate and can be effectively compared to the under-listed fruits.
- A medium pear (103 calories, 27 gm carb)
- 1 medium apple (95 calories, 25 gm carb)
- A cup pineapple (82 calories, 21 gm carb)
- 1 cup blueberries (84 calories, 21 gm carb).
They also contain approximately the same amount of calories as a medium sized avocado. On the whole, they sure are healthy fruits and nutrients packed.
But remember;Bananas are high in sugars and carbs and should be taken in moderation, like most other fruits. They are healthier substitutes to processed foods and other starchy carbs such as pasta and. Rice. But these locally grown suckers are most definitely healthier snack options to processed floury and sugary snacks.
Power your workouts with these amazing fruits and thank us later.
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The Commens Dictionary
Quote from ‘Harvard Lectures on Pragmatism: Lecture III’
Category the Third is the Idea of that which is such as it is as being a Third, or Medium, between a Second and its First. That is to say, it is Representation as an element of the Phenomenon.
‘Thirdness’ (pub. 09.01.13-18:36). Quote in M. Bergman & S. Paavola (Eds.), The Commens Dictionary: Peirce's Terms in His Own Words. New Edition. Retrieved from http://www.commens.org/dictionary/entry/quote-harvard-lectures-pragmatism-lecture-iii-1.
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Satellite data reveals trawlers moving into previously untouched Arctic habitats
Industrial fishing fleets using ecologically risky bottom trawling methods are increasingly encroaching on previously untouched Arctic marine regions, according to a new Greenpeace investigation.
Using official data and ship tracking systems, researchers found that large numbers of fishing vessels owned by major companies have taken advantage of melting sea ice to fish in previously impossible to reach parts of the Norwegian and Russian Arctic.
As climate change has caused the Arctic sea ice to recede the trawlers are slowly moving into a part of the Barents sea above 78 degrees north which used to be inaccessible.
Home to Arctic puffins, walruses and polar bears, the region is one of Europe’s largest marine ecosystems, and has until recently been relatively untouched.
The move comes as fishing in the region increases dramatically.
Data from the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries shows an increase in the amount of fish being caught in the Barents Sea in recent years – from 2% of the Norwegian quota for the region in 2001, to 11% in 2014, the most recent data available.
The Barents Sea has been fished by Norwegian and Russian vessels for decades, but the waters around the island of Svalbard have historically been covered by sea ice for most of the year, making access difficult – as a result the region has sustained a rich eco-system of marine life.
Ship tracking technology, known as the Automatic Identification System (AIS), was used to pinpoint the locations of fishing vessels in the Barents Sea.
A data analysis of close to 18 million location signals indicates that, from September 2012 to September 2015, more than a hundred vessels licensed to fish in the area have moved into the previously ice-covered waters.
Every AIS (Automatic Identification System) signal contains information on the identity of the vessel.
We have used that id number to verify what kinds of fishing vessels were spotted. You can do this through lists of licensed vessels to fish in the areas provided by the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries and also ship spotting sites and sites like Marine Traffic and also Lloyds Register of Fishing boats.
Bottom trawlers are also distinctively different from vessels with other gears so it easy to tell and we only looked at the ships travelling at 5 knots or below, which is the typical speed of bottom trawlers.
Indeed of the 189 vessels licenced to fish in the Barents Sea as a whole 90% are bottom trawlers.
Bottom trawling is widely considered to be the among most destructive fishing techniques, with vast nets catching fish as they are dragged along the sea bed.
The companies involved are: Havfisk ASA, the largest Norwegian operator; Ocean Trawlers, Russian-owned but based in Hong Kong; Fishing Industry Union of the North (FIUN), a leading Russian fishing association.
In May last year, scientists from the Norwegian Polar Institute warned that the Arctic was facing a “new era”, with thick ice permanently covering the region being replaced by thinner ice which disappears in the summer.
Months later, President Obama’s Arctic envoy described the impact of climate change on the region as “scary”.
The Arctic changing climate has afforded businesses with new opportunities in the region, with oil companies keen to get hold of vast oil deposits under the ice.
Shell famously abandoned plans to drill in the Arctic in October, but Italian firm Eni still plans to drill off the north coast of Norway.
Looking to capitalise on the opportunities afforded by the melting Arctic, the British government presented a report to MPs last summer called ‘Responding to a changing Arctic last year’. Among other things, the document, produced by UK Trade and Investment talked up opportunities for British mining companies in the region.
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Optimization of spacer design for fouling mitigation and enhanced filtration performance
Water desalination processes
Prevention/control and characterization of fouling developed in filtration systems
Synthesis of materials and metallic nanoparticles embedded in mesoporous materials
Synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts and their evaluation via chemical reactions
Novel hole-pillar spacer design for improved hydrodynamics and biofouling mitigation in membrane filtration, S. Kerdi, A. Qamar, S. M. Ali , H. K. Shon, J. S. Vrouwenvelder, N. Ghaffour, Scientific Reports, 11, 6979, (2021).
Hole-type spacer for more stable shale gas produced water treatment by forward osmosis, J. AlQattan, Y. Kim, S. Kerdi, A. Qamar, N. Ghaffour, Membranes, 11, 34, (2021).
Effect of Localized Hydrodynamics on Biofilm Attachment and Growth in a Cross-low Filtration Channel, S. Kerdi, A. Qamar, J. S. Vrouwenvelder, N. Ghaffour, Water Research, 188, 116502, (2021).
Biofilm Removal Efficacy Using Direct Electrical Current in Cross-Flow Ultrafiltration Processes for Water Treatment, S. Kerdi, A. Qamar, J. S. Vrouwenvelder, N. Ghaffour, Journal of Membrane Science, 620, 118808, (2021)
Membrane filtration performance enhancement and biofouling mitigation using symmetric spacers with helical filament... S, Kerdi, A. Qamar, A. Alpatova, J.S. Vrouwenvelder, N. Ghaffour Desalination, Volume 484, p.114454, (2020)
Ph.D., Chemistry, UCBL, Villeurbanne, France, 2011
M.Sc., Chemistry, UCBL, Villeurbanne, France, 2008
B.Sc., Chemical engineering, ITECH, Lyon, France, 2007
April 2021-present: Research scientist, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
2017-2021: Researcher, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
2012-2014: Postdoctoral fellow, IRCELYON, Villeurbanne, France
2008-2011: Ph.D. student, IRCELYON, Villeurbanne, France
Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC)
Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE)
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The Value of a College Degree
Jaison R. Abel and Richard Deitz
Liberty Street Economics, September 02, 2014
This post is the first in a series of four Liberty Street Economics posts examining the value
of a college degree.
Not so long ago, people rarely questioned the value of a college degree. A bachelor’s degree was seen as a surefire ticket to a career-oriented, good-paying job. Today, however, many people are uncertain whether going to college is such a wise decision. It’s easy to see why. Tuition costs have been rising considerably faster than inflation, student debt is mounting, wages for college graduates have been falling, and recent college graduates have been struggling to find good jobs. These trends might lead one to believe that college is no longer a good investment. But when you dig into the data, is this really true? This week, we examine the value of a college degree in a four-part blog series. In this first post, we do the basic math and show that despite what appears to be a set of alarming trends, the value of a bachelor’s degree for the average graduate has held near its all-time high of about $300,000 for more than a decade.
To estimate the value of a bachelor’s degree, we measure the costs and benefits for the average college graduate—calculations outlined in detail (with appropriate caveats) in our recent article in the New York Fed’s Current Issues series. The costs of college are the average tuition and fees paid by undergraduates plus the “opportunity costs,” or the wages one gives up while in school, estimated as the average wages of someone with only a high school diploma. The benefit of college is the “college wage premium”—the extra wages one can expect to earn having obtained a college degree, estimated as the average wage of college graduates compared with the average wage of those with only a high school diploma, summed up over a working life of more than forty years.
To come up with a dollar figure for the value of a bachelor’s degree, we use the concept of net present value (NPV). The NPV captures the flow of the costs and benefits of going to college over time. During the first four years, the costs of college result in a negative cash flow, followed by a positive cash flow that is received over one’s working career (the college wage premium), taking the time value of money into account (meaning that future years are “discounted” at a standard rate of 5 percent, because money earned in the future is worth less than money in hand today).
The chart below plots the NPV for a bachelor’s degree between 1970 and 2013, calculated using our methodology and expressed in 2013 constant dollars. We estimate that the value of a college degree fell from about $120,000 in the early 1970s to about $80,000 in the early 1980s, before more than tripling to nearly $300,000 by the late 1990s, where it has remained, more or less, ever since. Despite drifting down somewhat in the aftermath of the Great Recession, the value of a bachelor’s degree has remained near its all-time high.
Another way to assess the value of a college degree is to see how long it takes to break even on the upfront investment. Here, we use the discounted cash flows that feed into our NPV calculation to determine the first year in which the sum of annual cash flows turns positive. The chart below plots the number of years required to recoup the cost of a bachelor’s degree earned between 1970 and 2013.
The time required to recoup the costs of a bachelor’s degree has fallen substantially over time, from more than twenty years in the late 1970s and early 1980s to about ten years in 2013. So despite the challenges facing today’s college graduates, the value of a college degree has remained near its all-time high, while the time required to recoup the costs of the degree has remained near its all-time low.
Of course, it’s possible that some part of what we estimate as the value of a college degree isn’t driven by the skills an individual acquires while in college: people who earn a college degree may simply differ in their innate skills and abilities from those who don’t obtain a degree. Maybe some college graduates would have earned higher wages even if they had never gone to college. Separating out these two effects in research studies is extremely difficult. Still, while we can’t rule out the possibility that this type of selection is at work, it seems likely that at least on average, the value of a bachelor’s degree remains substantial.
Why has the value of a college degree remained so high even while tuition has been rising and the wages for college graduates have been falling? The primary reason is that the wages of high school graduates have also been falling, reducing the opportunity costs of going to school and keeping the college wage premium near its all-time high.
While our estimates make it seem like college always pays handsomely, that may not always be the case for everyone. Our next blog post will look at what happens to the value of college when it takes five or six years to complete a degree instead of four. Our third post will show that when we look at the distribution of wages for college graduates, college actually does not appear to have paid off for a sizable fraction of those who made the investment. To wrap up the blog series, our final post will examine whether there are any recent signs of improvement in the labor market for college graduates.
The views expressed in this post are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or the Federal Reserve System. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the authors.
Jaison R. Abel is an officer in the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Research and Statistics Group.
Richard Deitz is an assistant vice president in the Bank’s Research and Statistics Group.
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And by GUI you mean graphics for the user interface? Or you just don't
Chris Huff wrote:
> In article <email@example.com>, Pov### [at] aolcom wrote:
> > I'm just wondering, does anyone here have any interest in game
> > programming? I've got a few ideas, and I'd like to field them
> > Thanks!
> I might be interested. I don't do any GUI stuff, though.
> Chris Huff
> e-mail: chr### [at] yahoocom
> Web page: http://chrishuff.dhs.org/
Science is merely a method of gathering data and information.
Science *cannot* prove facts.
It can only provide theories that fit given data.
Technology is merely Science applied to common situations.
Technology is used for both good and evil.
Society is a framework mostly dependent on the willing participation of
Kingdoms and dominions come and go, none are eternal.
In the end, Society, Technology, and Science do not matter. Only the
and choices of the individual will matter. <><
Post a reply to this message
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In Oregon, firefighters are racing and trying to slow down the two wildfires. The wildfires are merging and becoming as single inferno on Friday. The wildfire has killed at least 26 people in the last month, and it blazed in three states in West Coast.
One of the Oregon communities was completely burned to the ground in the same week. Almost 500000 people are warned to be prepared for evacuation, and rests are ordered to evacuate. State officials informed that they are focusing on efforts to save lives, but they already expect devastating aftermath. The director of the Oregon Office of Emergency Management, Andrew Phelps, informed reporters on Friday that, “We already know that we have to deal with fire-related deaths, but we are prepared for a mass fatality incident. The preparation is based on what we know and the total number of structures that have been already lost.”
On Friday, Oregon Gov. Kate Brown said, “Already, the wildfire has consumed over 1 million acres, and meantime, dozens of people are missing.” There are two significant fires that emerge in Oregon. The Riverside and Beachie Creek fires are the two wildfires threatening to emerge in the coming days. The smoke from the fire has already deteriorated air quality levels. Four among the top five cities all over the world with the highest air pollution are in the region- Seattle, Portland, Vancouver, and San Francisco, based on IQAir, which is a Swiss air quality technology company that tracks air pollution levels.
Wildfire has already killed six people in Oregon, based on the data from the office of emergency management of the state, and the Lane County Sheriff’s Office has confirmed the same. From mid-August to Friday, in California, at least twenty people have died. Among them, nine were found dead in the current week, and one was in a Northern California fire. The other was recently found killed in Washington State. The total number of deaths that have been linked to the North Complex Fire is ten as per authorities.
On Friday, the Butte County Sheriff Kory Honea said, “Deputies have discovered an anatomical skeleton model. The model is made using resin and found in a storage shed, and later it was believed to be the human body.” In Oregon, Tina Weber and Jim were driving away from the blaze, and they were in Oregon’s Blue River area, and flames completely blocked them. Jim Weber told CNN affiliate KVAL that, “Fires were crossing the road on both sides, and trees were falling, and we were completely blocked.” Later, firefighters helped them and led them away. Along with them, thirty more families were also led to the parking lot belonged to a running track. In that place, spot fires were kept at bay all along the early hours of Tuesday. Later after few hours, firefighters lead them away using a car caravan.
The governor said, “We are affected by many, and a lot of homes were still under fire on both sides of the river. Most of Blue River and a community of people with hundreds of lives were destroyed.” Over 10 percent of the population in Oregon has been ordered for evacuation. In Oregon, at least three people were already killed by wildfires. The fire has wiped out most of the southern cities in Talent and Phoenix, near Medford. Authorities have anticipated that they may find more bodies when they access many more neighbors. By Thursday night, Ted Wheeler, Portland Mayor, declared a state of emergency. He ordered to activate evacuation and to close city parks for people in threatened areas. As per the government, at least 500000 people are already under evacuation just in Oregon, and the number id over 10 percent of the entire state’s population. In the coming days, state authorities expect that this number will grow.
Currently, thirty-five wildfires remain active in Oregon State. Earlier it was 50, and it has gone down. The blazes have already scorched 900000 acres across Oregon State as per the governor’s office. Governor has called the scope of the fire unprecedented. In the last ten years, every year, they experienced 500000 acres burning. Portland, adding to the current grim outlook, planned to limit the firefighting resources since some of them have been deployed to assist some other parts of the state based on Wheeler’s emergency order.
“Lost everything,” said Tiffany Lemmerz of Blue River. But, she is happy since her family survived in the fire. One among the blazing fires running in the state as arrived at her doorstep too on Monday. She was at work, and a six-year-old daughter and sister were at home. She rushed home, and she wanted to get them. Meantime, Lemmerz completely goes into a wreck; she explained the same to CNN affiliate KOMO. She pleaded a sheriff’s deputy for giving a ride home. But, they failed to make it through the flames. Meantime the car’s back was melted in the fire.
Later, firefighters from Junction City rushed to the home, and they successfully got her family out of the fire. Lemmerz said, “My kids are alive, and that’s all I wanted. I have nothing to say, and my kid and family are safe, and it was very close.” In Marion County, the Beachie Creek Fire, well known as the Santiam Fire, started moving through the night on Tuesday; a boy and his grandmother unable to flee from the fire, as per their family. 13-year-old Wyatt Tofte, 13, was later found dead along with his dog on his lap. A family spokeswoman reported the same to CNN. 71-year-old grandmother Peggy Mosso was present in another car, and she was also killed.
A local amusement park owned and operated by the Tofte family, a spokeswoman for Enchanted Forest, Susan Vaslev, said “The fire has killed two beautiful lives.” Vaslev added, “Wyatt Tofte was the sweetest little boy. He loved fishing, and he liked to play video games similar to other kids. He was a polite and sweet little boy.” Wyatt’s mother and Peggy’s daughter, Angela Mosso, is now in critical condition with burns, and she is getting treatment in a burn center in Portland. She is badly burned, as reported by the Salem Statesman Journal. Her husband was looking for family members, and he found her on the road, but meantime, the fire raged them, based on the report by a newspaper.
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Severe hepatitis of 'unknown origin' in children being investigated in Canada
Unclear if reports linked to unexplained outbreak of more than 160 cases
Public health officials say they're investigating cases of severe liver disease "of unknown origin" among children in Canada as global scientists race to understand a mysterious hepatitis outbreak that has affected nearly 200 youths around the world.
"The Public Health Agency of Canada is aware of reports of severe acute hepatitis of unknown origin in young children in Canada," the department said in a statement on Tuesday, in response to questions from CBC News.
"These are being investigated further to determine if they are related to cases in the United Kingdom and the United States. As the investigation evolves, we will keep the public updated accordingly."
The latest available data from the World Health Organization (WHO) shows at least 169 cases of acute hepatitis of unknown origin have been reported in close to a dozen countries, with the bulk of the reports — 114 — from the U.K.
On Tuesday, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) released an even higher estimate of nearly 200 cases in children around the world.
The U.S. has identified more than a dozen cases across several states, with instances of unexplained hepatitis also occurring in Spain, Israel, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Norway, France, Romania, Belgium and the Netherlands.
Roughly 10 per cent of the affected children have required liver transplants, WHO data shows, and at least one child has died.
It's not yet clear if the Canadian cases are the same syndrome seen elsewhere, says liver disease specialist Dr. Jordan Feld, a senior scientist at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute.
Affected children typically have gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, he said.
"But then the more severe issue is that they're developing jaundice … or found to have abnormal liver blood tests," Feld said.
"At this stage, it would just be prudent if children have some of these symptoms, particularly if they seem to be more severe, that they're seeking medical attention."
Officials have not yet provided details on the total number of Canadian cases.
The cases reported worldwide have struck children from one month to 16 years old.
What's perplexing, scientists tell CBC News, is what could be causing them.
"Certainly a viral infection is high on the list, but is definitely yet to be proven," Feld said.
Various medical conditions and medications can cause hepatitis; so can heavy alcohol use or exposure to certain chemicals or drugs. But most often, inflammation or damage to the liver is caused by a virus.
However, the usual family of hepatitis viruses haven't been identified in any of the cases tied to the current global outbreak, the WHO said.
An adenovirus was detected in at least 74 cases; a common group of viruses known for causing a wide range of health issues, from gastrointestinal upset, to bladder infections to the common cold.
In the U.K. officials recently observed a significant increase in adenovirus infections in the community following low levels of circulation earlier in the COVID-19 pandemic.
ECDC director Andrea Ammon told reporters that one theory suggests pandemic lockdowns may have weakened children's immunity because they were less exposed to common pathogens while in isolation.
But it's hardly definitive, given the different rates of testing for various viruses.
The virus behind COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, was also identified in 20 cases of those that were tested — while 18 of the young patients with hepatitis were infected with both viruses.
In Israel, one of the physicians involved in treating child hepatitis cases suspects there may be a connection to COVID-19.
"After we ruled out all the various possibilities, the common denominator in all the cases we found was that all had come down with the coronavirus around three and a half months before the infection appeared," Dr. Yael Mozer-Glassberg, head of the pediatric liver transplantation unit at Schneider Children's Medical Center in Petah Tikva, told Israel media outlet Haaretz.
"This certainly raises the question. But I don't think it's possible to say yet that all these cases are a post-COVID phenomenon."
The cause may wind up being linked to an adenovirus, or SARS-CoV-2, or some interaction between an environmental exposure and a virus, said Dr. Isaac Bogoch, an infectious diseases specialist with the University of Toronto.
"We are in the middle of a pandemic — but you cannot have what we call an 'anchoring bias' where we say it's got to be COVID," he said. "Certainly might be. But you've got to keep an open mind."
Given the ages of the children impacted, Dr. Allison McGeer, an infectious disease specialist in the Sinai Health System in Toronto, said one potential cause that can be easily ruled out is COVID-19 vaccination. Most young children, she noted, aren't yet able to get vaccinated.
Whatever the cause, scientists are on high alert for more reports of children falling ill.
"Any time we see severe hepatitis, particularly in young children, it's alarming," Feld said.
With files from Adam Miller, Marcy Cuttler, Christine Birak, Reuters
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Researchers in England believe they’ve cracked the code of understanding lobster age, a finding they say could someday help lead to a more sustainable fishery.
Unlike fish, which have tiny stones in their ears with rings that can be counted to determine age, or deer, which can be aged by their teeth, there isn’t a decisive way to tell how old a lobster is.
Fishermen often estimate the age of lobsters based on their size.
But Martin Taylor, who is an associate professor in the school of biological sciences at the University of East Anglia and one of the authors of a new study on lobster aging, said that’s not a very accurate method.
“Lobsters have got very different growth rates among individuals. So individual A might grow very, very rapidly and then individual B might grow very, very slowly…. So it’s really almost impossible to age lobsters currently.”
Other methods, such as examining proteins in a lobster’s brain, or growth rings in its eye stalks, cannot be used on a living lobster.
Taylor and the research team have developed a DNA-based method of pinpointing the age of younger lobsters to within 1.6 months. The study was published in the journal Evolutionary Applications.
The researchers obtained lobsters raised from eggs so they would know their exact age. They then took tissue samples from the lobsters’ claws and measured DNA methylation, which is known to decrease with age.
They used that data to build a model to estimate the age of wild lobsters, most of which were estimated at between 40 and 55 months old, or about 3.5 to 4.5 years old.
“We’ve demonstrated the sort of proof-of-concept that we can do it. But the thing is, lobsters live for a very, very long time,” Taylor said.
The known-age lobsters in the study were only up to 51 months old, or just over four years. But European lobsters — the type examined in the study — can live for 70 or more years, and American lobsters can live longer, possibly even a century.
“If we catch a lobster and we want to age it that’s 70 years, then we’re extrapolating a long way beyond our known age range, so it starts to become much more difficult to be certain,” Taylor said.
The researchers hope to expand their study to include older, known-aged lobsters.
Why age matters
The research could one day lead to the creation of a device that could be used on lobster fishing boats to check the age of an individual, Taylor said.
“The ultimate goal might be that you can take catch and … take a small DNA sample and almost instantly sequence it and say, ‘Okay, well, this one’s very, very young. We shouldn’t keep that….’ We’re a long way from that at the moment, but it’s not an impossibility.”
In the meantime, Taylor said, the DNA technique could be used to gain a better understanding of the age of lobster stock and stock health, and manage it more sustainably.
“An unhealthy age structure leads to a less resilient fishery. So if you’ve got lots of old individuals or lots of young individuals in the fishery, then they’re less able to be resilient to environmental change, for instance.”
Fraser Clark, an assistant professor in the department of animal science and aquaculture at Dalhousie University, said calculating age in crustaceans is difficult and sometimes controversial.
“At meetings I’ve been at whenever there’s an approach that’s been suggested, it causes not outright fights, but minor discussions of very differing views,” he said.
Clark said the study is “interesting” and it’s “fun” to age lobsters, but the team’s data on age estimates for wild lobsters was very variable, so “they’ve got a bit of work to do.”
He added that lobster age is not necessarily the best tool to manage the fishery for sustainability.
“Knowing the age may or may not help us know whether or not they are reproductively active. But the size is a very easy metric that the industry uses now to determine whether or not there’s a legal catch.”
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It was early on a hot September morning several years ago that Master Naturalist program coordinator Nancy Kuhajda turned into Goose Lake Prairie State Natural Area in northern Illinois. She had arrived early for a program and decided to spend a few minutes in the picnic area listening to the early morning sounds of nature. Sitting there, she noticed an unfamiliar, subtle sound — a strange repeating flutter, almost like a heartbeat.
Nancy looked up and noticed the trees overhead — elm, maple, oak — had several browned-out patches of leaves. But then a fissure of sunlight cut through the canopy. She had struck gold — well, orange. Nancy had stumbled on a large roost of the Eastern North American monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus). Hundreds of monarchs hung from the branches fluttering their wings, readying for takeoff.
She couldn't wait to share the news with her Master Naturalist volunteers in Will and Grundy counties. Once she did, things were never the same for the Fab Four – Phyllis Schulte, Jo Chenell, Kathy Hearne, and Sally Skoff – who became The Secret Society of Monarch Roost Hunters in 2018.
Monarch butterflies are not on the federal endangered species list, but they are at-risk and up for consideration so local observation and conservation efforts are crucial.
Every fall, this group of dedicated volunteers is on the hunt to find and learn more about monarch roost sites in Northeastern Illinois. They are also Illinois Butterfly Monitors, with Phyllis having clocked in more than 25 years surveying local butterfly populations.
Monarch butterflies have several generations. The first three live about a month. The fourth generation, the super generation, lives for nine months and endures a 4,000-mile trip from as far north as Canada to their winter home in Mexico.
Not bad for being North American’s smallest migratory animal.
The mystery of the monarch roost
How do monarchs know where to go? How do they know to roost together?
Several factors play a part in roost behavior. It was once thought that a pheromone “invited” other monarchs to the roost, but further research has not borne that out.
Now, scientists theorize the roosts are an anti-predatory strategy that follows the adage "safety in numbers." Roosting together helps monarchs survive migration.
How to scout out monarch roosts
Before they started scouting, the roost-hunting team researched for clues on how to find sites in a crazy hide-and-go-seek nature game. In the fall, Kathy heads out in the afternoon to search the skies for monarchs. When she sees a gathering, she calls the others, and everyone jumps in their cars to meet at the potential roost site.
"Kathy observed around 200 monarchs, but by the time I got there, they were nowhere to be found," says volunteer Sally Skoff of one scouting venture. "While I was hoping to see an early wave, [that] was not the day. I guess this is like fishing. You just never know. I'm always going to show up if I get a call because that's when the big ones get away."
Monarchs migrate during the daytime. But at dusk, they gather in trees — sometimes a few dozen, sometimes in the thousands – to shelter and rest for another leg of their trip.
Sometimes the roost is fleeting, lasting only one night. Other times the butterflies return to a roost site for a week or two. It was thought that monarchs followed the same migration highway every year, but as more data is gathered, the route doesn't matter so much as what is available in the environment.
Monarch roost clues
Dr. Bill Calvert, a monarch scientist from University of Massachusetts Amherst, has studied monarch roost and overwintering behavior for years. He suggests monarchs choose a roost site based on a few factors.
- Near a good nectar source. This isn't always easy to find in early fall. Fields of goldenrod and asters are ideal.
- In trees that provide protection from the wind. The Master Naturalists found roosts in deciduous trees, but a conifer's dense foliage is a good site as well. Dr. Calvert observed that monarchs roost downwind. Illinois winds typically, in winter and summer, come predominantly from the south and west.
- In depressions and ravines. This furthers protects them from the elements.
- At a tree oasis. This is a cluster of trees in an otherwise open area.
To follow monarch migration and post local observations, explore the website Journey North. Volunteers collect and submit thousands of data points to increase knowledge through real-time field sightings of roosts, the first spring sighting, and more.
This fall, consider starting a nature search party for local roost sites in the hunt for Orange September.
Photos by Master Naturalist Sally Skoff.
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(First Published on 20 February 1990)
All those who have been praying for continued peace and friendship between India and Pakistan will need to keep their fingers crossed. Islamabad appears to have paused and pondered over its disastrous brinkmanship. The war clouds, which were gathering thick and fast, have largely dissipated. This is thanks mainly to four factors. First, the V.P. Singh Government’s firm response to developments within Jammu and Kashmir and its bold decision to give the State a new Governor in the person of Mr Jagmohan, an appropriate choice in the emergent circumstances. Second, the Foreign Minister, Mr I.K. Gujral’s fitting answer to the unfriendly message brought by Sahibzada Yaqub Khan last month. Third, India’s diplomatic initiative in promptly informing friendly countries about the developments and in rushing the Foreign Secretary, Mr S.K. Singh, first to Moscow and then to Washington. Fourth, the reaction of the United States and the Soviet Union to these developments as also those of the other major powers: Britain, France and China.
The Soviet Union has once again stood by India on Kashmir as a trusted friend. It has left Pakistan in no doubt about its firm opposition to any interference in India’s internal affairs. The US, too, has counseled Pakistan against brinkmanship on Kashmir and urged it to talk things over with India. In addition, its House Foreign Affairs Sub-Committee on South Asia, headed by Mr. Stephen Solarz, is now looking into India’s charge of Pakistani interference in its internal affairs and of Islamabad aiding and abetting terrorist activity in the Punjab and in Jammu and Kashmir. Such exercises, I am told, are part of the House Sub-Committee’s normal function of studying developments and making recommendations to the Administration. (Marshal Akhromeev, former Chief of General Staff of the Soviet Armed Forces, is known to have personally appeared before one such Congressional Committee on an important issue while on a visit to the US,) China, Britain and France, too, are known to have cautioned Pakistan against any precipitate action.
Importantly, Pakistan has failed to persuade even one of the five permanent members of the Security Council — US, Soviet Union, China, Britain and France — to raise the Kashmir issue in the UN Body, despite a determined effort by the Pakistan Prime Minister’s mother, Mrs. Nusrat Bhutto, through high-pressure lobbying. All these countries — and so also most Arab and other friends cultivated assiduously over the years — are clear that any war between the two countries would be calamitous for Pakistan, even if it hurts India deeply in the process. They would, therefore, like Islamabad to adhere to the Shimla Agreement both in its letter and spirit –and to adopt only such means as are available to it under the Accord for raising the Kashmir issue. Pakistan, for its part, tried hard and long to argue that the Shimla Accord provided scope for it to take up the Kashmir issue at the UN. But it was politely asked to take a close fresh look at the Agreement, as strongly urged by India.
There is no gainsaying the fact that recent developments in Kashmir have caused anxiety amongst India’s friends. They have noted with concern the aggressive demand by the militants and anti-national elements in the Valley for self determination. India has consequently been informally advised to set its house in order in the State and candidly told that Pakistan cannot be blamed entirely for what has come to pass. At best, it can be accused of fuelling the crisis and of taking advantage of it. India, as I recalled in my column on January 30, was willing to have a plebiscite in 1950. But Pakistan calculatedly evaded the exercise once it became clear that an overwhelming majority of the people was with Sheikh Abdullah and India. Few countries today therefore find it difficult to go along with Pakistan in its renewed demand for self determination in the light of facts and practical realities. They also agree it would be unfair to ask India to put the clock back against the backdrop of the Shimla Agreement — and its precise wording.
Islamabad concedes New Delhi’s stand that the Shimla Agreement provides for bilateral talks. But it contests India’s interpretation that the Accord implies mutual commitment to “bilateralism”. What, it asks, if the two countries are unable to resolve the Kashmir issue through bilateral negotiations? Candidly, India’s stand is more than borne out by the facts of the case. True, India did propose in the draft of the Shimla Agreement that the two countries would resolve their differences by peaceful means “exclusively through bilateral negotiations”. True also, Pakistan objected to this formulation and the word “exclusively” was dropped. Eventually both sides agreed to settle their differences by peaceful means “through bilateral negotiations or by any other peaceful means mutually agreed upon between them”. (Pakistan proposed the addition of “by any other peaceful means and India the words “mutually agreed between them.”) India and Pakistan are thus committed to discussing their differences bilaterally.
Pakistan advances two other points in support of its claim that it is entitled to go back to the UN and explore other peaceful means for resolving the Kashmir issue. First, it argues that the Shimla Agreement stipulates: “In Jammu and Kashmir, the line of control resulting from the ceasefire of December 17, 1971 shall be respected by both sides without prejudice to the recognized position of either side.” This “recognized position”, it points out, was in regard to its stand at the UN on Kashmir, an item which is still inscribed on the agenda of the world body. Pakistan therefore feels it has every right to assert at the UN that it desires “durable peace” in the sub-continent and seeks “a final settlement of the Kashmir question”. Second, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s speech in the Pakistan Assembly while moving for a ratification of the Shimla Accord. He then stated that he had not only reactivated the Kashmir issue through the Agreement, but opened the way for Pakistan to take it to the UN.
New Delhi is nevertheless clear that the commitment to “bilateralism” overrides the reference in the Accord to six unexceptional principles, including adherence to the UN Charter, which would govern the relations between the two countries. What is more, the Shimla Agreement also adds upto a no-war pact as once pointed out by Gen. Zia himself. The Accord renounces the use of force not only in general terms under Article VI of the Accord but specifically in regard to Jammu and Kashmir. The relevant provision in the Agreement reads: “Neither side shall seek to alter it (the line) unilaterally, irrespective of mutual differences and legal interpretations. Both sides further undertake to refrain from the threat or the use of force in violation of this line.” Indeed, India earnestly hopes that Islamabad will recognize two clear aspects of the Agreement. First, it gives the line of control the sanctity of an international border. Second, all differences between the two countries on Kashmir or other issues are to be resolved bilaterally.
- Not only that. The Shimla Agreement adopted a specific approach to restoring normal and friendly relations between the two countries. Both India and Pakistan recognized that their basic differences over Kashmir, which had led to three wars, could not be resolved overnight. They therefore, decided to adopt a step by step approach. It was agreed to put Kashmir aside and first seek a solution of the other areas relating to communications, travel facilities, trade and cooperation in economic and other fields and exchanges in science and culture. Importantly, the Agreement clearly specifies that this was needed “in order progressively to restore and normalize relations between the two countries step by step”. These steps were expected to improve the overall climate and prepare the ground for a final solution of the Kashmir question — bilaterally. Provision was even made for a meeting of the respective heads of the two Governments. Alas, most expectations have not come to be realized.
Instead, Mrs. Bhutto has chosen to go populist (like her father and Gen. Zia) and asserted that Pakistan will “not compromise” on the right of the people of Jammu and Kashmir. A joint session of the Pakistani Parliament has also adopted a resolution, appropriately described by India as “an unacceptable interference in the affairs of India”. Fortunately, the Chief of Pakistan Army, Gen. Aslam Beg, has now shown good sense in the face of India’s stern response to efforts by Pakistani “crowds” to cross the border. On Tuesday last week, he cautioned the people of Pakistan Occupied Kashmir against such emotional moves and described them as “suicidal”. But this by itself is not enough. Islamabad needs to take a good look at the Shimla Agreement again, especially its preamble. This records the resolve of the two countries to put an end to conflict and confrontation and work for friendly relations and a durable peace so that both countries may “henceforth devote their resources and energies to the pressing task of advancing the welfare of their people.” Any adventurist departure from this wise approach can only spell disaster.
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OUSD has had success with small schools, so why are they on the chopping block?
on May 5, 2022
Oakland Unified School District made a decision two decades ago that was intended to make its schools more equitable, improve academic performance and give principals autonomy over their budgets.
Following research that showed smaller schools could be tailored to a community’s needs and give kids more individualized attention, OUSD carved up campuses to reduce enrollment to fewer than 500 students in many of its schools. In the 22 years since, much of that plan has unraveled and small schools have been the most vulnerable to closure.
Ironically, the small schools movement that OUSD backed to create equity has worked against students of color. The seven schools that are set to close in the next two years as a money-saving move serve mostly Black and Latino students. Small schools have a harder time surviving in California because the state’s school funding formula is connected to enrollment, which favors bigger schools. OUSD receives a set amount of state funding based on total student attendance. It then distributes the funding to each school.
“Because of economies of scale, it matters a lot how big your schools are,” said Carrie Hahnel, senior policy director for the Opportunity Institute, which works to promote education equity. More schools mean more expenses for the district, which has to fill those schools with teachers and principals.
Given OUSD’s current budget situation, Hahnel said, “it’s necessary for the district to figure out how to be financially sustainable into the future, and it’s hard to see a path forward that doesn’t include school closure.”
The seven schools that the OUSD board decided in February to close in the next two years each have fewer than 400 students, as do the two the board decided to merge. All of them have a majority of Black and Latino students. The decision to close those schools and eliminate middle-school grades at two others split the board and upended the district, with children and parents tearfully asking board members to reconsider. Feeling bruised and powerless, students held protests and walkouts, as the community organized rallies and hunger strikes. On Friday, the teachers union held a one-day strike to register its opposition to the plan. But a majority of the board has stood firm in its decision.
More than half of OUSD’s schools have fewer than 400 students, which makes it unusual among districts of about the same size. And in the past two decades, many schools that had 500 students have seen their numbers shrink to fewer than 300, said Sondra Aguilera, OUSD’S chief academic officer.
“The decision to close schools is based on the need to serve students and families in well-resourced schools,” she said, adding that “sustaining many small schools stretches our resources thinly across too many schools, instead of allowing us to invest more deeply in fewer schools.”
The proliferation of small schools can be traced back to a grassroots initiative in the early 2000s to improve the quality of education in some of Oakland’s poorest neighborhoods.
A 2009 study by Stanford University researchers commissioned by the district, proved what supporters had predicted: Smaller schools generally made great academic strides. In addition, smaller schools had lower dropout rates and better teacher retention.
“OUSD has improved its districtwide [Academic Performance Index] score by 73 points since 2004, the largest gain of any urban district in California serving 20,000 students or more,” the report noted. “The new small schools have been a powerful engine driving that improvement.”
But a third of schools created during the small schools movement have either been closed, merged or expanded. Of the seven schools set to close, only one — Fred T. Korematsu Discovery Academy — was created under the movement. But the other six resemble Korematsu in size, making them less sustainable than larger schools.
At a January board meeting, Superintendent Kyla Johnson-Trammell said size wasn’t the only thing administrators considered as they assessed schools. They also were also looking at which schools were growing and which were losing students.
“We are not saying that small was bad,” Johnson-Trammell said. “During the small school movement, there was the notion of small by design. But what we’ve seen over time is we have many other schools that are small as a result of declining enrollment. Those are two different things.”
Oakland’s overall enrollment is declining. It serves 46,000 students, about 2,500 fewer than in the 2015-16 school year. However, 20 years ago, the problem was the opposite — there were too many students in some buildings.
Emma Paulino, a director at Faith in Action East Bay (formerly the Oakland Community Organization) remembers the situation in 1999, when her son went to Manzanita Elementary, which was run year-round to accommodate two shifts of students.
“Schools were overcrowded, and because of that reason, our kids were not getting enough attention and resources,” Paulino said.
At that time, schools in the flatlands, the predominantly Black and Latino neighborhoods in East and West Oakland, had double or even quadruple the enrollment of high-performing schools in the more affluent hillside neighborhoods.
“The best performing schools were in Oakland, while the lowest-performing schools were also in Oakland,” Paulino said. “So you see, the equity issue is so hard.”
In the 1990s, families from the flatlands organized through the Oakland Community Organization to make the system fairer. They used the small schools movement as an inspirational example that was spurring change in similar urban districts.
Besides creating smaller institutions, the movement wanted to give district-run schools the autonomy that charter schools had over their budgets, staffing, operation and curriculum.
“The idea of having autonomy is critical to be able to achieve equity, that’s an asset that charter schools had that Oakland Unified didn’t have.” said David Silver, the founding principal of Think College Now, a small school that has been operating successfully in the district since it was created in 2003. Silver is now the director of education for the Oakland mayor’s office.
In 2000, the Oakland school board approved a New Small Autonomous Schools policy from which 49 small schools would be created. Their administrators had control over curriculum, instruction, and budgets. Priority enrollment was given to students from underperforming and overcrowded schools, and the student body had to reflect district demographics.
“At the time, the district had a lot more resources to spread around,” said Sele Nadel-Hayes, a former OUSD administrator. “The funding for schools was more stable and there were more children generating revenue to the district.” She noted the small school movement also attracted philanthropic partners, who were interested in addressing educational inequities in Oakland, including the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Madeleine Clarke is the former director of development of BayCES, an organization that helped raise over $30 million in private funds for the small schools movement. She said some funding went to training parents, principals and teachers to “learn the skills that they needed in order to make decisions about budget.”
They came up with “results-based budgeting,” which distributes dollars to schools based on student population, and allows principals and teacher committees to develop their school budgets independently. Nadel-Hayes said the goal is to “allow a school community to really customize what their student population needs.”
Results-based budgeting was intended to tackle the equity problem. Under it, more resources were given to schools in lower-income neighborhoods. While results-based budgeting was successful in some schools, it was a struggle in others.
“There were principals who really used the opportunities that were created by site-based budgeting to maximize their resources and make it work,” Nadel-Hayes explained. “And there were schools where the leaders maybe had expertise in instruction, but not in strategic budgeting.”
State takes over
Shortly after the small schools movement took hold, OUSD experienced a fiscal crisis that led to a state takeover and a $100 million state loan in 2003. Under new state Administrator Randolph Ward, OUSD expanded the scale of the reform. Large schools were closed or broken down into smaller schools sharing a campus or a building. At the same time, results-based budgeting was launched districtwide.
But the district was subjected to much belt-tightening after the state takeover, leading to salary cuts and staff layoffs.
“With results-based budgeting, schools were allotted an inadequate amount and were told that they had to survive on that amount,” said Jack Gerson, a former teacher at Castlemont Senior High.
In 2004, Castlemont was broken into three smaller schools, but it reunified in 2012. Gerson recalled that many central services and programs were cut during that period.
“When my school was broken up into small schools, the library which had been a very good library, was closed and the librarian was excessed, that means that they were sent elsewhere,” Gerson said.
Results-based budgeting doesn’t work well when resources are scarce, Nadel-Hayes said. It requires school leaders to make tough decisions, such as choosing between a veteran teacher and a librarian. The turning point for small schools came during the Great Recession, Nadel-Hayes said, when the state’s education budget shrank in 2008-2009. The state funding was insufficient to meet students’ needs, she said.
“Because the revenue is generated for each kid,” she explained, “when you spread out the revenue in that way, and you also have a principal at each of these small schools and their fixed costs that come with having a school … we weren’t able to really gain economies of scale.”
Hahnel said California’s school funding is relatively low compared to other states. In 2019, California ranked 18th in per-pupil funding, at $16,800, according to the U.S. Census. Washington, D.C., ranked first, at $31,000, and New York ranked second, at $29,800.
“If we were funded like New York or New Jersey, who receive almost twice as much money per pupil as we do, it would be a different conversation,” Hahnel said.
After OUSD returned to local control in 2009, it had to deal with declining enrollment. Across the country, school districts were adjusting to a sharp decrease in the population of school-age children. In Oakland, that was exacerbated by the rapid growth in charter schools. Families could choose among 39 tuition-free charters. And many did. One in 4 Oakland students attends a charter school.
Closing and merging schools with low enrollment was considered a solution. Since 2009, nine schools have closed, 16 have merged and seven more are on the chopping block. Most of those schools served a majority of Black and Latino students. In 2012, in response to a proposed merger and teacher layoff, three schools that were created during the small schools movement voted to leave the district and become charter schools.
Since then, some schools have come up for possible closure more than once, bringing waves of instability, stress and anxiety for students, parents and teachers.
“Constantly putting the same school on the list over and over and over again really disturbs the learning of the kids,” said Corrin Haskell, who has taught for 25 years at Brookfield Elementary School. Brookfield has been on and off closure and merger lists several times in the past 10 years, and now is set to close after the 2022-23 school year.
A new Stanford University study shows that closing schools, especially those with a majority of Black students, could invite more gentrification. The research, published in February, revealed that when school closures happen in Black neighborhoods, the likelihood and extent of gentrification increase substantially. Co-author Francis Pearman, explained that in some respects, “the presence of schools in Black neighborhoods is a kind of safeguard to gentrification.”
Four of the schools set to close serve predominantly Black students, while Black students make up less than a quarter of the district’s population. Of the eight non-charter public schools that have a Black student population of more than 50%, three are going to be closed under the plan.
In April, the ACLU of Northern California filed a complaint with the California Department of Justice, urging Attorney General Rob Bonta to investigate OUSD’s closure plan, calling it discriminatory against Black students and families.
In a news release, the ACLU argued, “By chronically underfunding and mismanaging small schools in predominantly Black neighborhoods, the district created the very conditions it now cites to justify disrupting tight-knit school communities and displacing hundreds of Black students.”
Aguilera, the district’s chief academic officer, called the ACLU’s claims “false.”
“We are proud to be a district that serves a high concentration of students of color, more than 78%, and we believe this diversity makes Oakland a rich learning community,” she said. “Any decision to close a school in our District, which serves so many students of color, will undoubtedly impact students of color.”
This story was updated to correct Madeleine Clarke’s association with BayCES.
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Oakland North is an online news service produced by students at the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and covering Oakland, California. Our goals are to improve local coverage, innovate with digital media, and listen to you–about the issues that concern you and the reporting you’d like to see in your community. Please send news tips to: email@example.com.
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HIDDEN HISTORY KAYAK WATER TRAIL
« Back to Blog
June 16, 2018
Explore the hidden history under the waters of Pleasant Hill Lake.
What happened from Helltown to Newville that caused their disappearances?
This is the first and one of a kind historic water trail. This self-guided water trail features five (5) stops along the lakeshore highlighting the area's hidden history. Kayak/Paddle Board to each location marked on the map to discover an interpretive sign with the unique history in that location. Maps available online, at the marina and welcome center office. Don't have a kayak? Not a problem, the marina has a special kayak rental discount for those doing the water trail.
Water trail length: 5 miles
Average time to complete: 1.5 to 2 hours
Number of stops on the trail: 5
Trail rating: Easy to moderate
Use the link below to access the trail page information:
Keywords: hidden history
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As Senior Vice President of Military and Veterans Health Solutions for Leidos, Debbie Opiekun oversees the company’s broad range of programs supporting the health, wellness, and performance of Service Members, their families, and Veterans. FedHealthIT’s President, Susan Sharer, recently spoke with Ms. Opiekun about Leidos programs that address resilience, human performance, and behavioral health, among other efforts.
What does it Mean to Improve Resilience?
Resilience usually refers to the ability of individuals to recover quickly from difficulties and bounce back from adversity, injury, or the stress associated with daily life. In the context of Military personnel, resilience ties into their ability to perform their roles at a high level even in the face of challenges, setbacks, and stressors. It’s important to take a holistic view of resilience and help Military personnel be at their peak, not just physically, but mentally and emotionally as well.
When we focus on mental health, we also consider the social determinants of health. These factors include food safety, the home environment, financial stability, and other elements that affect a person’s overall well-being. Positive mental health also involves the health and stability of an individual’s family, including parents, siblings, and children, any of whom may need support so that the service member may focus on what they need to do.
How do you Approach Human Performance?
We consider many different facets of human performance, including training, mission performance, and recovery from injury. We’ve conducted research into improving several specific problem areas, including traumatic brain injury, trusting prosthetics, and heat stroke. We look at how personnel who have had to leave their units because of injuries or other health problems can heal as fully and quickly as possible so that they can return to their units and perform their jobs without unnecessary risk or stress.
We also look at supporting Service Members as they transition from active duty, going beyond the traditional exit exam. Service Members deal with a lot during that first year of transition. There needs to be a more connected and structured transition that involves regular check-ins, attention to the social determinants of health, and a more holistic approach to overall health that includes mental health and well-being.
What’s the Role of the Electronic Health Record?
The focus of the electronic health record has traditionally been physical health, but that view is much too narrow. To create a more complete picture, it’s important to integrate records that have traditionally been maintained as separate documents, such as those that capture a Service Member’s financial situation and social environment. Of course, that kind of integration requires additional privacy and security safeguards. But it’s an important step toward taking care of the person as a whole and not just in terms of traditional health issues. A good way to start is with a checklist of questions to ensure that personnel have the wider range of financial, mental, and social support systems they need. This checklist results in a more complete risk profile that is critical to managing overall health.
Can Anything be Done to Eliminate the Stigma Around Mental Health Concerns?
One of the big challenges with getting people who work in the Military or other Federal environments to consider accessing mental health support is that they fear it will leave some sort of blemish on their records, or even have a negative impact on their security clearance. This issue needs to be addressed so that people know they can ask for help without hurting their careers. Senior leaders who have received help, as many have, need to be willing to speak up about their own experiences. By letting others know that they were able to seek and receive mental health support that helped them, and still continued on in highly successful careers, they will make it much easier for others to take that important first step.
Has the Pandemic Affected any of Leidos’ Human Performance Efforts?
Although the pandemic has been challenging for all of us, one good thing that’s coming out of it is the increased adoption of telehealth. This shift is a big step forward for Healthcare and wellness, because it enables people to have sensitive conversations with care providers in the privacy of their homes. Many of those conversations wouldn’t have taken place at all without telehealth, or would have happened only after people dealt with the delays, costs, and inconvenience of arranging and going to office appointments. We’re working with the Defense Health Agency on a telehealth capability for the MHS GENESIS EHR system that we believe we can make available in the near future.
About Debbie Opiekun
Debbie Opiekun is the Senior Vice President, Military & Veterans Health Solutions for the Leidos Health Group. In this role, Ms. Opiekun has overall leadership, P&L, and management responsibilities for all Leidos business within the Defense Health
Agency (DHA), Bio Behavioral Research, the DHA MHS GENESIS program, and the Department of Veterans Affairs. Previously Ms. Opiekun was the Leidos Health Group Deputy President and Chief Operating Officer where she was responsible for daily operations of the Health Group.
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Oklahoma DUI and Travel to Canada
HALT! CHECK WITH THE BORDER GUARD
You no longer can travel to Canada
The death-knell of the republic had rung
as soon as the active power became lodged
in the hands of those who sought,
not to do justice to all citizens, rich and poor alike,
but to stand for one special class and
for its interests as opposed to the interest of others.
Although most citizens of the United States may freely travel in and out of Canada without any difficulties, those convicted of certain crimes may be denied entry to Canada because such persons are considered Members of Inadmissible Classes. Canada considers driving under the influence of alcohol an extremely serious offense. Other crimes include, but are not limited to, dangerous driving, shoplifting, unauthorized possession of a firearm or illegal substances.
If the person seeking admission to Canada was convicted outside Canada and at least five years has elapsed since the end of the custodial portion (if any) of the sentence imposed, he may apply for a Minister’s Approval of Rehabilitation. If granted, the Minister’s Approval will permanently remove inadmissibility resulting from the conviction. The term “custodial portion” means the period of time that you are in jail or in the custody of the state. This can include probation if the sentence was such that you were in the custody of the state and the jail time was suspended.
If less than five years has elapsed since the end of the custodial portion of the sentence, then the person seeking entry may apply for a Temporary Resident Permit if the person is only seeking entry for a single or limited period.
A senior immigration officer or adjudicator may grant entry to a person who is barred from entering because of a DUI conviction subject to such terms and conditions as the officer deems to be appropriate for admission. However, the person cannot remain in Canada for more than 30 days.
Once a minimum of five years has passed from the time that the sentence was completed—not imposed—permission to enter Canada is more easily obtained provided that there were no more than two convictions which would bar entry. Application for entry can be made at a port of entry, but is not recommended as the applicant might still be turned down. Application for entry may be less risky to make at one of the five Canadian Consulate offices in the United States (Buffalo, New York; New York, New York; Detroit, Michigan; Los Angeles, California and Seattle, Washington). It may take up to six months to approve entry. A person may also apply for temporary residency in Canada.
In a nutshell, entry into Canada less than five years after a conviction can be difficult. When the conviction is more than five, but less than ten years old, entry is more easily obtained upon payment of a fee and a criminal background check. If the conviction is more than ten years old, entry will be permitted with just a background check. Multiple convictions and the seriousness of the crimes will play a pivotal role in the decision to bar entry. In any event, if the client wishes to enter Canada, competent Canadian counsel should be retained.
Before either the Approval of Rehabilitation or the Temporary Resident Permit is granted, the Canadian government will consider how old the convictions are, the number of offenses on the applicant’s record, the applicant’s standing in the community, probation reports, and the applicant’s purpose for entering Canada.
The Canadian government may require a police certificate or a record check from each place the applicant has lived for the previous ten years, or since the applicant turned eighteen. Other documents that may be required include court records, probation reports, copies of the statute the applicant was convicted of violating and three reference letters from persons of standing in the community. Additionally, the Canadian government may require the applicant to write a statement of circumstances that surrounded the events leading to the applicant’s conviction.
Persons with DUI convictions are advised to apply well in advance of their travel plans. The Canadian government is similar to any other bureaucracy in that it does not move quickly. Applications can be made at any of the Canadian Visa Offices in the United States. These include the Canadian Consulate General in Buffalo, New York; New York City, New York; Detroit, Michigan; Los Angeles, California; and Seattle, Washington.
Before visiting any one of these locations, visit their web site to confirm hours of operation, required documentation, processing times, as well as any other instructions. Application forms may also be obtained from the above locations.
Although the authors have heard of persons who would be considered members of inadmissible classes gaining entry into Canada without going through the above procedures, the authors have heard of just as many being denied entry at the border. It is better to take the time to obtain the necessary approvals than be told at the airport in Canada that you must immediately buy a ticket home without ever leaving the airport.
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Just last week, the public heard from New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman’s team at a federal court hearing regarding his office’s investigation targeted at energy manufacturers. The result? After two years, three million pages of documents, and a yet-to-be-tallied cost to New York state taxpayers, Schneiderman has brought zero legal charges. That’s right. It is now more than two years since Schneiderman officially launched his politically-motivated investigation, intent on finding evidence that energy manufacturers withheld important information about carbon emissions, with no results to show. The total cost of Schneiderman’s crusade has yet to be tallied.
More than the cost, though, there is something else that has yet to be fully disclosed to the public: the web of collaboration between Schneiderman and anti-manufacturing advocates. Schneiderman’s politically-motivated legal action is part of a larger, nationwide, coordinated campaign featuring leading figures in the environmental activist movement, professors like Harvard’s Naomi Oreskes, 350.org’s Bill McKibben, trial attorney Matthew Pawa and biased media members glad to tell a story falsely pitting manufacturers against the environment. The more light one shines on Schneiderman’s investigation, the more it becomes apparent that a political agenda is what he is really pursuing.
The fruitlessness of Schneiderman’s investigation is not surprising, but energy manufacturers are not letting down their guard. And manufacturers in other sectors should not either. The fight is far from over.
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How do you...prepare for practicing?
Becoming aware of what our thoughts and feelings are before we head into a practice session can make all the difference in the world in terms of how productive our practicing is.
This isn't a common topic that comes up, but it should be.
We talk a lot about preparedness when it comes to storms, taking tests, interviewing for a job, and other things like that.
But there's another kind of preparation we do before we perform many tasks; and that is what is happening in our thoughts and emotions as we approach a specific activity.
Both of these experiences stir a lot of emotional activity before the event even happens. One is more on the negative side and the other is more on the positive side.
Take this concept now, to your piano practicing. Have you ever even noticed or thought about what feelings and emotions you are already experiencing just by thinking about practicing? They are there...and if you haven't felt them before, take some time in the next week to notice exactly what is going on "inside" of you, before you sit down at your piano.
I want you to pay special attention also to your thoughts. Thoughts will produce and emotional response!
The important thing to remember here is that you will bring some type of energy into your practice session. It's just how we humans are made - we are emotional creatures.
Noticing that, and paying attention to how we respond to the thought of practicing is going to change our practice time.
If you've never thought about this before, then you want to first just start noticing how you respond in your feelings and thoughts when it's time to practice. Just observe...don't judge. Don't try to change anything except your awareness of what you are feeling.
Do this for a few days to a week.
Then...start "approaching" the thoughts that bring anxiety, fear, worry, guilt, etc...by not dwelling on them but instead counteracting them with more positive and confident thoughts.
Replace: "I can't do this" with "I will get this if I keep working each day on it."
"This is too hard" with "I can break this down so it's not so hard."
"I can't get all of this done everyday" with "I can accomplish one thing well each practice session."
Every time you have this type of a conversation with yourself (and your emotions), you are clearing the way for a more productive and enjoyable practice session. Try coming up with your own list of positive reactions you can give to your more negative, stressful thoughts and feelings as this will give you ownership over your emotions and they won't 'control' you as much.
Not everything that you notice in this energy will be negative, certainly! Take hold of all of those positive things that you find and keep them alive and active in helping you to prepare for your piano practicing.
Realizing that we come to each piano practice session with a given range of emotions and thoughts and knowing that they will effect how well we practice, can really change our practicing.
So the concept of "Be Prepared" isn't really the issue here. This is more about...you are already preparing; start noticing how you do it and see how you can change it to have a better practice session! See the difference?
Stay Tuned to PianoLessonsOnTheWeb.com to learn much more and accomplish your dreams of playing the piano!
Most blogs written by
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During the cold winter months, many of us like to offer a warm bowl of oatmeal for our chickens. While there really is little benefit to providing a warm meal, it certainly makes us feel better to do so for our feathered babies on especially cold mornings.
What's wrong with oatmeal for chickens?
Oatmeal for chickens is controversial, and for a good reason. Oats contain beta glucan, which chickens digest poorly. Studies have shown that beta glucan can cause a thick gel to form in birds' intestines, preventing vital nutrient absorption.
While an "occasional" oatmeal breakfast isn't very harmful, research suggests that doing so on a regular basis is. So if oatmeal isn't the best choice, should you just let your chickens down on cold mornings? Of course not! There are two alternatives—and one of them your vet is sure to love.
Option #1: Source hull-less oats
However, there's an option your veterinarian will like even more, because it contains exactly the nutrition your layer flock needs.
Option 2: Replace the oats with layer feed
You guessed it! Layer feed contains all the nutrients your flock needs, so to give your flock a wonderfully warm and healthy treat, simply replace oatmeal with their everyday LAYER FEED. Yes! It really is that easy. Just add hot water to pellets or crumbles, and serve it up to your hens in their designated feed tray.
Incidentally, this is also a great way to use up the powder at the bottom of the feed bag that often goes to waste. Just store in a sealed container until you have an adequate amount (up to 3 months for maximum freshness), add water and serve!
Alternately, you could make a "gourmet" version by adding seeds, fruits, veggies, mealworms, or other leftovers from the fridge. It's an especially great way to get use up produce that may be a little soft, or just about to go bad. Just be careful not to add too much of that stuff, as always with treats.
The gourmet alternative to oatmeal for chickens
Here was this morning's warm treat: diced wrinkled apples found in the back of the fridge; a handful of low-sugar dried cranberries; flax seeds and a scrambled egg that had frozen and cracked from the previous day.
These goodies were mixed with about 4 cups of layer pellets in a large mixing bowl.
I portioned out the mixture into my feed pans...
...and added hot water.
I like to sprinkle a handful of dried insect larvae over the top for presentation and "textural crunch".
As you can see, this "mock oatmeal" is thoroughly enjoyed by the flock...and best of all, they are getting all the nutrients they need!
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So with the area of this knowledge we can now discuss Talkspace Support Number
Not everyone is totally convinced that shifting mental health care online is the method forward. “For me, what works in therapy is when you meet someone face-to-face, in the exact same room,” says London-based psychotherapist Sandra Tapie. “You are familiar with not only what it resembles to speak with the individual, but how it feels to be in a room with them. Utilizing Skype is the next best thing: it’s ‘sufficient’, however it does not develop the closeness, the intimacy, that actually gets individuals to open up and explore things.”
” I’ve carried out some research study into Skype counselling,” states London-based psychotherapist Dr Aaron Balick, “and it’s not the ‘functional equivalent’ of conventional counselling; it’s just not quite the very same thing. It’s actually essential that individuals who participate in it are aware that it’s a different experience from remaining in the space with somebody, speaking in person.”
” In terms of ease of access, it’s a great start and certainly better than nothing. It’ll hopefully lead them to ultimately showing up in the space. If you’re having a hard time with relationship problems, accessory concerns, or deeper concerns, it’s better to be in the room with somebody. Skype and the web offers a distance from your counsellor that might not be useful.”
In cases of mild depression, the NHS is now directing some patients towards online programs instead of in person counselling, a phenomenon that concerns Dr Balick.
” My worry is that it’s occurring increasingly more for economic reasons, rather than due to the fact that it’s what’s best for people. That’s not good if it’s rolled out simply to save cash and there aren’t crucial questions being asked about these services. However then, I’m always extremely sceptical of individuals who are either really very professional or extremely very against online mental healthcare. It’s a case of asking the right concerns.”
I signed up for four extremely different online mental health services– ranging in cost from free to , 100 a month– and ran my stress and anxieties through them all, all at once, for a week. Here’s what I discovered.
Does BetterHelp use licensed therapists? Talkspace Support Number
What I’m doing here is reviewing my experience of using each psychological health service, rather than its efficiency – because even the most wizard-like therapist isn’t going to ‘treat’ you in simply one week. Okay, cool – let’s psychological health!
How does it work?
As seen on FB (by me, anyhow), US company is the business behemoth of the e-counselling game. They declare to have 500 certified counsellors working for them, each with a minimum of three years of experience.
After filling in a survey to establish what specific flavour of psychological you are, you’re paired with a counsellor, who you can mercilessly swap for a various one at any time. (I got Dr. Laura Dabney, from Virginia). You then start an immediate messaged treatment session that both you and your counsellor can drop in and out of, and which could, in theory, go on and on till one of you eventually died.
What does it cost?
You get a totally free seven-day trial – just like a free Netflix or Amazon Prime trial, other than with method more questions about what your childhood resembled. After that, it costs from , 24.50 a week for endless message-based counselling and one ‘free’ phone session with your counsellor each month. Yeah, I do not get how it’s free either, but whatever.
How much is BetterHelp monthly?
If you discover the concept of baring your soul to a stranger a bit awks, filtering that through immediate messaging might be handy. You won’t get the exact same connection similar to in person counselling, however the semi-anonymity may make it simpler to open up if you’ve been consuming 2 bottles of rum and dancing around in your dead nan’s bridal gown every night.
She initially ascertained the scale of my stress and anxiety, what activates it– social situations, fulfilling people for the first time– and after that dived headlong into my fractious youth (divorced moms and dads, strained familial relationships, bullied in junior school). She was pretty nosey tbh, however then that’s her task, isn’t it?
Overall, the service is remarkably slick. The discussion can be a little stop-starty at times, however it was in fact a far smoother and more on-tap experience than I expected. I even got rapid responses to messages over the weekend, which was unforeseen.
Talkspace vs Betterhelp
The fact you can edit messages before sending them means you’re not likely to blurt out something vulnerable and revealing in the heat of the minute. Extensive minutes of realisation may be hard to come by if you can’t get a relaxed circulation going.
Who do I believe it might it benefit?
Anyone with a low-end psychological health concern who’s cool with getting counselled in an extremely internet-y, 2016-y method. If you’re living under the blackest, bleakest cloud you can possibly imagine and need severe attention (and possibly some medications), probably isn’t for you Talkspace Support Number
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Small businesses that give false information to get State-backed loans or use the credit for purposes not disclosed in the applications risk up to Sh5 million fine.
The Treasury further says that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) who destroy property like offices and machinery used as collateral for the loans also risk the hefty fines.
Under the Public Finance Management (Credit Guarantee Scheme) Regulations, 2020, directors, general manager, secretary and other top officials of small businesses that breach the proposed law will be jailed for up to two years.
The penalties are meant to reduce risk exposure as the Treasury seeks to curb huge losses under the Credit Guarantee Scheme where it will provide third-party credit risk mitigation for commercial loans.
Treasury Secretary Ukur Yatani tabled the proposed law before the National Assembly last month as the State speeds up efforts to cushion SMEs from the Covid-19 pains.
“A person who willfully applies any proceeds of a guaranteed credit facility to any purpose other than the purpose for which the credit was approved, knowingly gives false information or wilfully destroys any asset used as a collateral by a financial intermediary commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding five million shillings or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both,” Mr Yatani says
The State will also seize and auction goods of the SMEs that will default on the bank loans in a raft of stringent measures meant to cut losses.
The penalties are meant to cut losses where individuals and businesses could divert the loans and derail the State’s bid to ensure that small businesses remain afloat.
Under the scheme set to be launched before end of the year, the Treasury will only take a portion of the losses in case an SME defaults on repayment.
The Treasury has injected Sh3 billion in initial capital for the scheme with development partners and multinational lenders set to provide more funds.
The EU has committed €100 million (Sh11.7 billion).
Parliament last month directed the Treasury to disclose the maximum percentage of the losses it will absorb on loan in case of a default in a move aimed at reducing the taxpayers’ risk.
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Getting a degree in a business administration course equips a student with all possible kinds of knowledge with respect to finance, marketing, economics and business. With this, it trains you for all the jobs out there that you could possibly have.
It is not only challenging but is also broad with a lot of things for you to learn. The benefits it has are endless. It provides an opportunity for to keep expanding your knowledge and is in very high demand. With the many opportunities that it has, you might now be considering which course you’d want to take up to get the best. Well, we say BBA.
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) is a three-year undergraduate program. In case you are one of those students who is from a science background and now want to shift to management, BBA is an excellent choice since it accepts students from any background. Here are a few reasons why BBA is better over any course in business administration. Read on to know.
Opportunities To Develop Leadership Skills
The world out there is so competitive, and if you want to shine, you need to stand out.The course builds you and instils a sense of responsibility in you. Everyone looks for someone who can lead. It is a key aspect which is required to motivate others, which in turn is a very important part in managing a business.
Helps You Build Confidence
Well, if you want to lead, the first thing that is required is that you believe in yourself. No matter how simple the task is at hand, you can only be the best at it if you start believing in yourself. Confidence doesn’t come easily. But once you have it, nothing seems impossible.
You Can Discover Your Capabilities
The course usually includes a variety of activities which are not only useful in developing your corporate skills, but some also push you so far that you need to give it your best. Naturally, we don’t really realize what we are truly capable of unless we are pushed. You will find yourself in situations which you’d never imagined, and you’ll discover some of your talents which you never knew that you could be capable of.
Admission Process for BBA
|No||Course Name||Form + Entrance Exam Fee||Apply|
|1||BBA in International Business||Rs 500||Apply Online|
|2||BBA Computer Application||Rs 500||Apply Online|
Instils Quick Decision Making
When you are constantly exposed to tasks that need immediate attention, you get adapted to taking decisions. You make a few mistakes initially, but then, they only lead to you learning from them and doing better the next time. This in turn shapes you well for your career in the outside world.
Provides A Strong Foundation For Masters
The BBA course would be really beneficial if you would want to do your masters. The course is a solid foundation for the MBA course and helps you play well in the competitive world that you will be facing once you graduate.
Excellent Career Opportunities
If you aren’t looking to do your master immediately, it’s not a problem. There are literally a thousand job options that you could choose from ranging from sales manager to working in the IT sectors, which provide you with a lot of experience that would help you in getting into another excellent institution for your masters.
On the whole, BBA is the right course for you to hone your administration skills and shape yourself into the person that you’d want to be for a successful career.
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Chronology is a card game of all time. More specifically, during the game each player builds a timeline of cards, with each card listing an historical event and the year in which it occurred.
At the start of the game, players are dealt two cards, which are then placed face up in chronological order. On their turn, a player is read an event from a new card; the player must then indicate the position on their own timeline where the card should be placed. If they're correct, they take possession of the card and inserts it in their line; if not, the next player gets a crack at it, and so on. The first player with ten cards wins.
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Whether you are trying to lose a few unwanted pounds or you need to drop a significant amount of weight, you might want to know some of the lowest calorie foods to include in your daily eating plan.
While it’s important to get enough calories each day, it’s always good to keep some low calorie snack ideas in mind. The biggest problem with super low calorie foods is that they tend to be bland and tasteless. However, the following foods will make you fall in love with your diet and inspire you to eat healthier. Not to mention that they make awesome on-the-go snacks.
1.Red bell peppers
Red bell peppers will help you to feel full longer and satiate your sweet tooth at the same time. One red bell pepper has only 40 calories, making it one of the lowest calorie foods for dieters. They’re also high in Vitamin C and fiber, and low in sugar. Whether you want to lose weight or stay slim and trim, red bell peppers must become a staple of your daily diet. You can enjoy them raw and use them in your salads, stir-fries, soups, and stews. Apart from fantastic weight loss benefits, red bell peppers enhance the skin health and keep your heart strong.
2.Unsweetened green tea
It’s actually a beverage, but green tea deserves its second place on this list. Green tea is a guilt-free pleasure since it contains less than 2 calories in a 200 ml cup. Drinking 2 to 4 cups of unsweetened green tea can help you shed around 50 calories in a day and it’s up to 5 pounds in a year. As an added bonus: green tea contains an antioxidant called ECGC that not only promotes fat burning but also wards off cancer.
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A cup of strawberries contain about 53 calories and heaps of powerful nutrients. Strawberries are extremely low in sugar and rich in Vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants. These berries make a sweet and healthy snack and help to reduce sugar cravings. Strawberries are so versatile and delicious that you can use them in any meal, drink, and dessert you like. You can add them to your oatmeal, fruit salad, yogurt, and smoothies. You can make strawberry cupcakes or a sugar-free strawberry pie.
Watercress itself isn’t tasty but when you eat it with a healthy salad or a sandwich, watercress makes a low calorie addition to it. Watercress is packed with vitamins and minerals as well as cancer-fighting antioxidants beta-carotene and lutein. 1 sprig of watercress contains zero calories and a cup of chopped one has only 4 calories.
Probably the best thing about cucumbers is that they boast sweet and salty flavors at the same time. Cucumbers are almost 94% water content and contain only 16 calories per cup, helping you hydrate your body and speed up your weight loss process. Cucumbers are an amazing source of Vitamin C, potassium, fiber, and B vitamins. Plus, they contain silica, a mineral that is great for your skin, hair, and nails. You can use cucumbers in your sandwiches, salads, soups, and smoothies, or eat them fresh. You can also add 3 to 5 slices of cucumber to your water to enhance its taste.
Whenever you decide to make a salad or sandwich, toss some spinach to it. Besides being an excellent source of fiber, protein, calcium, Vitamin C, and B vitamins, a cup of spinach contains only 20 calories, and zero fat. Spinach also contains 100% of RDI of Vitamin A, 25% of RDI of iron, and 30% of RDI of magnesium. Spinach helps the body detox in a natural way, thus promoting weight loss.
One big kiwi contains about 40 calories and when you eat a small fruit you get around 20 calories. Now can you imagine curbing your sweet cravings on only 20 calories? Kiwi is a powerful sweet tooth restraint and it also help to burn the body fat. It contains vitamin E, potassium, and fiber, as well as over a day’s worth of vitamin C and 1/3 of RDI of vitamin K. Eat kiwi whole for maximum benefits.
One grape tomato has only 5 calories and what makes it better than other kids of tomatoes is that it’s incredibly delicious. Grape tomatoes are a good source of natural sugars, making them a yummy snack to beat hunger pangs. They are also high in fiber, Vitamin C, potassium, and lycopene. Consider using grape tomatoes in your veggie pizza, gazpacho, veggie smoothies, and salads to reduce the calorie content of your favorite meals.
Even though carrots have sugar in them, they’re among the best low calorie foods to incorporate into your diet. Carrot is a source of natural sugar that doesn’t cause weight gain so enjoy it to the fullest without worrying about your waistline. A cup of carrots contain only 25 calories. Additionally, they are loaded with beta carotene and fiber. Eating carrots helps to boost your energy levels, making it an excellent low calorie snack before workout. You can use carrots in soups, salads, pies, or make carrot chips or carrot noodles. Carrot juice is a skinny drink option, too.
Romaine lettuce is a tasty and cheap low calorie food that you can always afford to purchase. It contains around 30 calories in one cup and is fortified with vitamins A and C, which are good for your immune system and heart health. Romaine lettuce is generally used in vegetable salads, but you can also toss some to your green smoothie instead of kale. The light, sweet, and unique flavor is guaranteed!
If you think low calorie foods are only fruit and veggies, try oatmeal. It does pack about 160 calories per 1/2 cup, but it also provides your body with fiber and protein – the two most important weigh loss nutrients. Furthermore, oatmeal is rich in magnesium, potassium, and B vitamins. Get into a habit of starting your day with a bowl of oatmeal to boost your metabolic rate and promote a better satiety. One bowl of oatmeal with fresh berries can keep you feeling full for up to 3 hours.
A very close relative of the beet, Swiss chard provides your body with substantial amount of 16 vitamins and other nutrients for only 7 calories per cup. Not only does Swiss chard help you drop weight, but it’s also a healthy and natural detox food that is both refreshing and rejuvenating. Use Swiss chard along with other greens in salads and green smoothies to increase your chances of becoming slim.
When cutting your calorie intake, don’t forget that you still need to eat calcium-rich foods. Cottage cheese contains 98 calories per 100 grams and up to 8% of your calcium RDI. Not to mention that it contains 11 grams of protein, a nutrient that fill you up and help you shed pounds. Look for fat-free or low-fat version and add some fat-free Greek yogurt to it to boost your bone health and increase your workout performance.
One mushroom has as little as 2 calories in it. Since it’s hard to eat more than 10 mushrooms in one meal, you get a great veggie meal that’s low in calories yet high in nutrients. Avoid frying mushrooms and try grilling or baking instead. If you need to fry them, use olive oil instead of vegetable one.
1 cup of shredded cabbage contains only 17 calories. Add in spinach, Romaine lettuce, and grape tomatoes and you’ll get an enormous portion of a nutrient-dense, low-calorie salad in a jiff. Cabbage is also a source of a kind of isothiocyanate called sulforaphane that stimulates the production of enzymes in the body that beat cell-damaging free radicals. This helps you stay healthy and have more energy for exercise.
One plum contains zero fats and about 30 calories. It’s good at fighting sugar cravings and makes a low calorie bedtime snack. It’s recommended to eat plums alone to promote weight loss, but if you don’t like the taste of it, you can hide it in your smoothie. What’s a tastier way to boost your antioxidant intake?
Now that you’re aware of these low calorie foods, reconsider your daily meal plan to see what you should remove and add to lose weight.
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by Rowan Moore Gerety Northwest Public Radio
State Fish and Wildlife Biologist Brian McDonald is careful not to raise his voice as he approaches a row of baby cribs in a warehouse in Pasco, Washington. Each one holds mallard ducks.
“They’re typically in pretty rough shape—they’re sick, they’re cold, they’re oiled, they’re hungry,” he says.
The ducks were hit by an oil spill in Sunnyside earlier this month. McDonald says oil coats the ducks’ feathers and breaks down their natural waterproofing, “so each time they go into the water, it’s like a scuba diver going in without a wetsuit.”
Though they don’t always make headlines, 95 percent of oil spills in the U.S. are relatively small — less than the size of a tanker truck you might see on the highway. Washington State’s Department of Ecology responds to about 400 oil spills a year, nearly all of them a few thousand gallons or less.
Jeff Lewis, who leads the department’s spill cleanup in central Washington, says: “Early on, it’s usually a lot of detective work. In this case, it wasn’t intuitive where this thing came from.”
With spills to running water like the one in Sunnyside, he says, “they had to find the most upstream pipe they could see that was producing oil, and start narrowing your search.”
Lewis says responders looking for the source of the Sunnyside spill eventually traced the oil over 24 miles of moving water, from the Yakima River through a network of irrigation ditches. The culprit was a single storage tank on an old feedlot. Cleanup took as many as 50 people working 11 days straight.
“Even though 2-3,000 gallons of oil may not seem like a lot where it’s in aggregate form, in a tank, when it spreads out over the water, it can get into the weeds, into the cattails,” Lewis says. That makes cleanup a much more complicated undertaking.
All told, the U.S. spends almost $3 billion annually cleaning up spills on lakes, rivers, and streams. That’s the equivalent of one Exxon Valdez cleanupevery single year.
It’s too soon to say exactly how the Sunnyside spill began, but corrosion and punctures are the most common cause. So-called “structural failures” account for one out of every four inland spills.
“The oil industry in the U.S. has been around 120 + years,” observes geologist Ed Owens. “There are pipelines laid down, which, in some areas, are long since abandoned.”
In rural areas, used motor oil like the stuff in Sunnyside was long used to keep dust down on dirt roads. Everywhere there’s oil, there are tanks or pipes to hold it: everything from farms and gas stations to backup generators.
Since a lot of this infrastructure is underground, Owens says leaks often go unnoticed until it’s too late, as happened with a spill discovered beneath New York City’s JFK airport in the 1990s.
“Thousands of gallons of jet fuel had been spilled over the years,” Owens says, “and only when some of that leaked into a small creek, and it was decided to better look at this, they discovered the problem was really quite huge.”
Over time, the EPA has strengthened regulations on facilities used to store and transport oil. Spills today are just a quarter of what they were in the 1970s.
But those regulations don’t cover everything. “There’s bound to be old tanks out there that predate the regulations,” Owens says. “They’ve never had to fit into the system, because either they went out of use—that doesn’t mean to say they were empty—” or, at a few thousand gallons, they’re small enough that no special permit is required.
The EPA says it didn’t know about the Sunnyside tank until after the spill. And when the agency does do inspections, it finds leaks more than half the time.
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Korean Jindo Dog Breed Information Center – A Guide To The Jindo Dog
The Korean Jindo breed originated from Korea and was first brought to Japan during the Meiji era (1868). Since then, it spread throughout Asia. Today there are around 1 million jindos living in over 40 countries worldwide. They have been bred for many reasons including obedience, hunting skills, companionship and other qualities such as good with children or pets. There are two main types of jindos: the small and large type.
The smaller ones weigh between 25-35 pounds while the larger ones weigh up to 80 pounds. All jindos have a dark coat with white markings. Their eyes are black, but their pupils may be yellow or brown depending on which color of fur they prefer to wear.
Jindos are considered one of the most intelligent breeds. They are known to be very loyal and affectionate towards humans and other animals. They love playing games, such as fetch, tug of war, hide-and-seek and more. They enjoy being petted and cuddled. Some jindos like to sleep on a regular basis; others prefer sleeping all day long!
Jindos bond strongly with their owners and have a tendency to cry when they are left alone. Jindos are known to be good with children and can be trained to participate in agility and obedience events.
Jindo Dog Care
Jindo dogs need lots of attention and exercise. They can get bored quite easily, which can lead to destructive behavior around the house, such as chewing on furniture or rugs. They will need to be walked on a leash several times a day and given enough space to run around in. Jindos are prone to getting sick if they do not have good living conditions. If you live in a small apartment or are gone for long periods of time, a jindo might not be the right dog for you.
If you are a student or stay at home all day, you must make sure you have time to take your dog out for a walk. Jindos should be walked at least twice a day and they enjoy spending time outside. If you do not give them the exercise they need they tend to get bored and start chewing on things around the house. They can also become destructive if left alone for too long. They need human contact and crave your attention.
When you are back from being out for a walk with your dog don’t forget to praise them or give them a treat to reward their good behavior.
Jindo Dog Walking
If you are having a dinner party or some other type of social gathering at your house it is important that you make sure your jindo stays downstairs or in another room. They are known to be very jealous and will bark or growl if they think your attention is on someone else. This could ruin a special moment in somebody’s life. Also, due to their tendency to wander and their strong hunting skills it is important that your dog is kept on a leash while in public.
Jindos do not get along with other animals, especially cats. They will usually chase them and may even kill small ones due to their strong hunting instincts. If you own a cat it is best to keep your dog and cat separated at all times. If you do want to socialize your pet with cats it is best to start when they are a young puppy.
Jindos are great guard dogs despite their small size. They will bark at anyone that comes near your house. They will usually bark when they hear a noise that they do not recognize. If someone is walking or running towards your house, they will bark to let you know. Some dogs will chase after strangers but this is rare and can be trained out of them if it happens.
Jindo Dog Health
The average life span of the jindo is between 11 and 15 years. They are prone to health problems such as gastric torsion, bone fractures, and eye problems. It is important that you make sure they eat food that is high in protein and fat, but low in grains.
The jindo is a small hunting dog that lives to please its owner. If you have the time to train it and can afford to take care of such a dog, then it may very well be the perfect pet for you.
Download Printable Jindo Dog Facts
Here are the Facts about Jindo Dogs for Download and Printing!
Sources & references used in this article:
Canine behavioral problems and their effect on relinquishment of the Jindo dog by YM Kim, SA Kim, SM Lee, YJ Choi… – Journal of veterinary …, 2010 – synapse.koreamed.org
Behavioural reactivity of the Korean native Jindo dog varies with coat colour by YK Kim, SS Lee, SI Oh, JS Kim, EH Suh, KA Houpt… – Behavioural …, 2010 – Elsevier
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MC1R) genotype and its effects on coat color in Korean Jindo dogs by KW Hong, SW Kim, HC Jang, SM Yang, YB Shin… – … -Australasian Journal of …, 2009 – ajas.info
Behavioral reactivity of Jindo dogs socialized at an early age compared with non-socialized dogs by YK Kim, SS Lee, SI Oh, JS Kim, EH Suh… – Journal of Veterinary …, 2010 – jstage.jst.go.jp
Suitability of AFLP markers for the study of genetic relationships among Korean native dogs by KS Kim, HW Jeong, CK Park, JH Ha – Genes & genetic systems, 2001 – jstage.jst.go.jp
Jindo dog’s ethogram revealed by behavioral test by YK Kim, SS Lee, SI Oh, GW Lee, JS Kim… – Journal of Veterinary …, 2009 – koreascience.or.kr
Genetic diversity and population structure of the Sapsaree, a native Korean dog breed by C Gajaweera, JM Kang, DH Lee, SH Lee… – BMC …, 2019 – bmcgenet.biomedcentral.com
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Originally recorded as Lamcroft and Lamecraft as shown below, this is an English locational surname. It almost certainly originates from a now 'lost' medieval village probably called Lambcroft and which derived from the words 'lamb' and 'croft', or literally the small sheep farm. In ancient times a croft was regarded as being an area of ground large enough to support a family or four. Whether this original sheep farm developed into a hamlet or village of the same name or whether it was never more than a sheep farm, is unknown, as is the original site.Some three thousand British surnames are known to originate from 'lost' sites, and this seems to be another example of the genre. What we do known is that the surname has been quite well recorded in the surviving registers of the diocese of Greater London from at least the time of King Charles 1st (1625 - 1649). Indeed it is possible that the nameholders as shown below, could even have been present in Whitehall, when that unhappy monarch met the axeman's blade on January 30th 1649. These early recordings show how the name spelling was uncertain even then, with Mary Lamcroft, the daughter of Michael and Mary Lamcroft, being christened at St James Clerkenwell on May 20th 1647, and her brother Christopher, but now called Lamecraft, also being christened at the same church on May 29th 1648. Two centuries later, John Lamacraft married Eliza Penny at St James Paddington, on September 9th 1838.
© Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2022
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PIERRE, S.D. (KELO) — The director for state government’s Office of Indian Education said Wednesday that Governor Kristi Noem’s executive order against Critical Race Theory doesn’t affect the Oceti Sakowin Essential Understandings that K-12 schools in South Dakota can use to teach students about Native American culture.
Fred Osborn said the governor’s order applies only to the state Department of Education and the state Board of Education Standards. Noem reorganized operations of several state departments after she took office in 2019. One step was moving the Office of Indian Education out of the Department of Education and placing it under the state Department of Tribal Relations.
Osborn made his comments Wednesday to the state Indian Education Advisory Council. Among those on the teleconference was state Tribal Relations Secretary David Flute, who near the end said he agreed with everything that the Indian education director had said during the meeting.
The governor in the order said the Department of Education must have a report to her by July 1 “detailing any policies, guidelines, websites, best practices, materials, programs, training, or content standards that promote inherently divisive concepts and identify any necessary administrative or legislative action needed to end the use of all inherently divisive concepts in education.”
“They have not issued that report, as far as I’m aware,” Osborn told council members. “They’re taking an inventory, for lack of a better word.”
The governor’s order further directs the Department of Education to end or modify no later than October 1 all policies, materials, guidelines, best practices, websites and trainings that have been found to be inherently divisive concepts.
The order also tells the Board of Education Standards to review all K-12 content standards and use the standards-revision process to remove any found to be inherently divisive. The Oceti Sakowin Essential Understandings are listed as part of the South Dakota standards, and the Department of Education website offers information on how teachers at various grade levels can use OSEUs in their classrooms.
About the Oceti Sakowin Essential Understandings, Osborn said, “None are considered divisive by the executive order.” Asked by a council member what the Department of Education was examining, Osborn said, “I wish I could speak to that.”
The governor recently decided against reappointing a member of the Board of Education Standards, president Jacqueline Sly of Rapid City. Sly however remains a member of the Indian Education Council. She said Department of Education staffers are reviewing such things as presentations that have been made and conferences that were held or they attended.
“Then if there are things they have found, they will have to make decisions how to change those,” Sly said.
Osborn emphasized that the governor’s order didn’t extend to his office. “We have not been tasked with doing a review. We are not doing a review of anything we have created,” he said.
A council member asked whether the council will get the Department of Education report. Osborn said he didn’t know but would ask the department if it could share the report with the council.
Another council member asked whether the order affects local school boards. Said Sly, “From reading this, it’s in the hands of the Department of Education, what they have to do with this, is my understanding.” Said Osborn, “It doesn’t usurp local control.”
Osborn suggested the council wait for the report to get further answers. Another council member said he didn’t understand why Osborn wasn’t involved or at least consulted. Replied Osborn, “My task is set by statute. It doesn’t cover Department of Education policy or procedures. I support the history and culture of Native American populations in the state of South Dakota. My duties are set by statute.”
Another council member said she wanted to be sure the Department of Education would consult with the Indian Education Council on any changes to the Oceti Sakowin Essential Understandings. Osborn said he could “assure that no changes to the Oceti Sakowin Essential Understandings will happen” without the council’s involvement.
Osborn said the understandings aren’t set to start the process for possible revisions until 2023 — the DOE website shows the Board of Education Standards would hold four public hearings in 2024-2025 on OSEUs — and he wouldn’t let changes occur without being involved.
A 2007 state law requires the Indian Education Advisory Council to consult with the Department of Education regarding Oceti Sakowin Essential Understandings.
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In his State of the State message Governor Sandoval laid out a plan to bring Nevada education into the 21st century. He promised all-day kindergarten, retaining students who couldn’t read by 3rd grade, higher funding for English Language learners/special education students, money for construction, repair & maintenance of schools, more charter schools, and an “Achievement” school district in which all underperforming schools are assigned to a single superintendent and gradually converted to charter schools. He promised accountability and collective bargaining reform.
The Governor had a budget to accomplish this and it involved a one billion dollar tax increase to be accomplished in part by continuing taxes scheduled to “sunset” plus imposing a graduated business license fee. Republican loyalists saluted and said, “yes sir;” Republican traditionalists said: “no way we vote for a tax increase”; Democrats said: “more money for education? Count us in.” Sandoval needed a 2/3 majority vote to increase taxes so he had some tall persuading to do.
That leads to the second adage, Mark Twain’s “those that respect law and love sausage should watch neither being made”. Examples: (1) GOP legislators introduced a bill to prolong the school debt portion of our real estate taxes thus raising $4 billion for school buildings. That was accompanied by a shelving of a union wage mandate which made labor costs 45% higher for school buildings. Republicans hated the former and Democrats hated the latter but most held their noses and voted for it. (2) The “read by third grade” bill passed together with a $27 million funding authorization for literacy programs to help retained students, spending that begins immediately. However, the program’s effective date was postponed until the 2019 school year.
The “sausage” analogy really came into play at the end of the session. The governor needed a 2/3 vote to increase taxes; that gave Democrats and GOP traditionalists some leverage. Democrats threatened to withhold their support unless the union wage requirement for school construction was restored. Traditional Republicans held out for perhaps the most stunning school choice measure in the nation, educational savings accounts (ESA’s) . . . a plan that allows parents to take state funding allotted to their child and use it for any educational purpose, including private school, tutoring and distance learning. In the end Governor Sandoval got his tax increase, Democrats got union wages restored and Republicans got ESA’s.
Who was the big winner? In my opinion K-12 students of Nevada and their parents. Vouchers, another form of ESA, have been around for 20 years and are in use in Wisconsin, Florida, Washington DC, and other jurisdictions. In nearly every case, according to the Wall Street Journal, independent studies have confirmed that student achievement has improved. Even students who do not avail themselves of vouchers or ESA’s have improved their academics because, according to the studies, the effect has been to cause public schools to be more competitive.
Until last month similar school choice plans were restricted to minority, impoverished and special education students. Nevada’s law makes ESA’s available to just about every student irrespective of financial ability to afford private or parochial school.
Are our schools fixed? There is more to be done. Collective bargaining reform got blocked by the Democrats and without that we can never have true accountability. No progress was made on eliminating the bottom 5% of teachers and replacing them with highly paid teaching experts who can truly turn Nevada K-12 education around. A corollary need is elimination of artificial barriers such as credentialing that keep talented experts out of classrooms.
ESA’s have tremendous potential but much of the remainder of the governor’s education plan “went oft awry.”
Jim Clark is President of Republican Advocates. He has served on the Washoe County and Nevada GOP Central Committees. He can be reached at email@example.com.
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According to an expert in immunology, the peak of the current Covid-19 wave is expected next week.
Christine Loscher, a professor of immunology at DCU, said the actual number of positive cases is likely two to three times higher than those reported via PCR and antigen testing.
As of 8am this morning, 904 patients have been hospitalized with the virus, 36 of whom are in intensive care.
“I think we’re almost there, we’re probably gone for maybe a week, the positivity rate is up a bit this week but looks like it’s plateauing,” she told RTÉ Radio One Today with Claire Byrne.
“If you look at the pattern in Portugal, it’s been up for five or six weeks and we’re in the fourth or fifth week of our climb here. So, I think we’re almost at the peak and it’s going to plateau.
“Hospitals and intensive care units are going to lag a little bit, so they’re still going up, and even if our numbers and our cases plateau, we’ll probably see them up for a few more weeks.”
Prof Loscher said a decision on vaccine strategy in the winter months is a priority.
She said the pattern was that subvariants emerged every three months and that Ireland would progress from the BA.4 and BA.5 variants, but it was unknown whether the next variant would be mild or not.
“There are many decisions to be made over the next few weeks regarding the new Omicron-specific vaccines that will be going to the FDA for approval from both Moderna and Pfizer over the next few weeks,” she said.
“Really, we’re at the mercy of the virus as to what happens next with its behavior, whether it’s another subvariant that’s behaving as mildly as it has been, or whether it’s going to be an entirely new variant.”
Current advice states that if you have symptoms of Covid-19 or have tested positive, it is recommended that you self-isolate, even if you are fully vaccinated and refreshed, for up to 48 hours after symptoms have subsided.
If you get a positive PCR or antigen test, you must self-isolate for seven days from the date of your test or from the onset of your symptoms.
You can end isolation after seven days if you have had no symptoms in the past 48 hours.
https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/health/current-covid-wave-should-peak-next-week-immunology-expert-predicts-41822592.html The current Covid wave is likely to peak next week, the immunology expert predicts
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Monument record DUN 012 - Medieval artefact scatter, including a pitcher, pottery sherds and a leather shoe sole.
Please read our guidance about the use of Suffolk Historic Environment Record data.
|Grid reference||Centred TM 501 744 (100m by 100m) Centred on|
|Civil Parish||DUNWICH, SUFFOLK COASTAL, SUFFOLK|
|Civil Parish||WALBERSWICK, SUFFOLK COASTAL, SUFFOLK|
Type and Period (4)
C13-C14 pottery including C13 pitcher (photograph IPSMG), C17 sherds, leather shoe sole.
Further C13-C14 sherds and possible structures found 1967 at TM 5005 7438 approximately.
Previously recorded as Walberswick 006 and Southwold 003, actually sited in small detachment of Dunwich parish.
A pitcher and other 13th/14th and 17th century sherds were exposed at low tide. (Kilns were exposed during
erosion following floods of 1953). (S2)
(TM 50057438) A feature reported variously as a kiln with apsidal end and a row of rectangular huts, appeared briefly on the seaward side of a peat bar: early medieval pottery was recovered from the site. A trial excavation failed to locate any feature. (S3)
No trace of medieval occupation. The situation is a sand and shingle bar backed by salt marsh on an eroding coastline.
- <S1> SSF50070 Index: Ipswich Museum. IPSMG card. IPSMG, card 967-77, 1967.
- <S2> SSF50250 Article in serial: Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History. Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History. 1959, vol. 28 pg96.
- <S3> SSF50250 Article in serial: Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History. Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History. 1967-69, vol. 31 pg 82.
- <S4> SSF59830 Source Unchecked: RCHME?. Various. Field Investigators Comments. F1 NKB 10-MAY-74.
- <S5> SSF59794 Digital archive: Historic England. National Record Of the Historic Environment.
- None recorded
Related Monuments/Buildings (0)
Related Events/Activities (1)
Record last edited
Jul 20 2022 2:03PM
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Parking is a source of stress for most drivers, according to a survey of 1,000 US adult drivers, conducted in February of 2022 by SpotHero.
One striking finding of the survey was just how stressful parking has become for most drivers:
■ Half of Americans (48.5%) agree that parking is stressful.
■ More than a quarter of people would rather listen to Christmas music year-round (30.9%) or go to the dentist (29.6%) than drive around looking for parking.
■ More than a quarter of people (27.3%) spend at least 30 minutes looking for parking.
■ 63.5% of people admit to being late because they could not find a parking spot.
■ Almost half of American drivers (43.4%) admit to getting into a verbal argument with a stranger over parking, and almost half of Americans (43.3%) admit to feeling road rage while parking.
Many American drivers see technology as providing solutions to their current frustrations, with 29.4% preferring to prepay for parking and reserving a spot from their phones. In addition:
■ 33.9% of people prefer to search online via an app for parking.
■ 69.9% of adults would be willing to prepay for parking at a discounted rate.
■ More than a quarter of people (26.1%) who reserved parking in advance with a service would be extremely likely to recommend that service to a friend or colleague.
"Technology can relieve much of the burden and stress of parking," added Lawrence. "A simple app that allows you to find, reserve and pay for a parking spot is key to making an easier commute possible. It provides peace of mind, which is invaluable."
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Founded in 1813, Colby College is the 12th oldest liberal arts college in the United States.
Distinctive in its offerings, Colby provides an intimate, undergraduate-focused learning environment with a breadth of programs presenting students and faculty with unparalleled opportunities. A vibrant and fully integrated academic, residential, and cocurricular experience is sustained by a diverse and supportive community. Located in Waterville, Maine, Colby is a global institution with students representing nearly every U.S. state and approximately 70 countries.
Colby’s model provides the scale and impact of larger universities coupled with intensive learning in a community committed to scholarship and discovery, multidisciplinary approaches to integrated learning, study in the liberal arts, and leading-edge programs addressing the world’s most complex challenges. Its network of partnerships with prestigious cultural, research, medical, and business institutions extends educational and scholarly collaborations, providing students with unmatched experiences leading to postgraduate success.
The College’s wide variety of programs and labs provides students and the community access to unique experiences: the Colby College Museum of Art, the finest college art museum in the country, and the Lunder Institute for American Art have made the College a nationally and internationally recognized center for art scholarship; DavisConnects prepares students for lifelong success by combining a forward-thinking liberal arts education with extensive internship, research, and global opportunities for all students regardless of their personal networks and financial circumstances; and the 350,000-square-foot Harold Alfond Athletics and Recreation Center, opened in 2020, is the most advanced and comprehensive NCAA D-III facility in the country. In fall 2021, Colby opened the Davis Institute for Artificial Intelligence, the first such institute at a liberal arts college.
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Doug Lederman at Inside Higher Ed wrote an excellent article describing the trajectory and demise of the “failed $75 million experiment” of the University of Texas System’s Institute for Transformational Learning (ITL).
Starting in 2011, the Texas system invested nearly $100 million in the institute ($23 million remains unspent) to try to drive digital technologies into the approaches its campuses use to reach, educate and graduate students. Over five years, the institute helped several UT campuses launch distinctive new academic programs and developed three core pieces of technology that, among other things, deliver online learning and students’ transcript information via the blockchain. But its total revenue over the five years: $1 million, The Texas Tribune reported.
Critics have derided that output as paltry given the investment and questioned whether the money could have been better spent. Advocates for the institute say it was the sort of necessary and worthwhile experiment that higher education institutions undertake all too rarely, even as they acknowledge a set of miscalculations that — along with political and cultural circumstances in part beyond its control — contributed to its undoing.
Among those missteps, according to numerous people who worked closely with the institute, were a tendency to approach campus faculty members with arrogance rather than as partners, and a lack of clarity from the start about the endeavor’s goals and business plan. Those were compounded by a problem that afflicts many educational technology efforts, whether funded by Silicon Valley investors or campus leaders: too little patience for what is almost always a long, drawn-out process of adoption and proof.
It’s worth reading the whole article, and sprinkled throughout are quotes from faculty and staff from the University of Texas system – ITL’s natural customer base – about overly optimistic claims, inability to understand or listen to its stakeholders, and real or perceived arrogance. I observed similar reactions when on the UT Austin campus for a video case study in Fall 2016 about their attempts to reinvent the large lecture class. When I asked about the overlap or collaboration with ITL on what seemed to be a perfect fit for that group’s objectives, I got eye rolls and comments about ITL being irrelevant for campus-based innovation efforts. Regardless of how that situation arose, the point is the same – there seems to have been a real breakdown of communication and trust between ITL and UT campus educators, despite the fact that “some of the work done by the institute has been divested to the various UT campuses.”
ITL was not alone as a failed, or at least abandoned, initiative to transform education based on innovative ed tech, and there is a theme in general of focusing more on the supposed tech-based innovation rather than the issue of cultural change and understanding social barriers (and this includes a culture’s view on whether the innovation is worth adopting). This is not a new subject, and similar challenges from a vendor standpoint led to the 2014 post “Pilots: Too many ed tech innovations stuck in purgatory”, an adaptation of which forms the second half of this post.
The general interest on dealing with the social change issues around real adoption of innovative education approaches – as well as the associated culture required to test theories, honestly assess results, and make continuous improvements in teaching practices – is what has led us at e-Literate to work on the Empirical Educator Project that Michael described a few weeks ago.
Despite the billions of dollars invested and provided in grants over the past several years, the vast majority of ed tech is used in only a small percentage of courses at most campuses.1 Most ed tech applications or devices have failed to cross the barriers into mainstream adoption within an institution. This could be due to the technology not really addressing problems that faculty or students face, a lack of awareness and support for the technology, or even faculty or student resistance to the innovation. Whatever the barrier, the situation we see far too often is a breakdown in technology helping the majority of faculty or courses.
Diffusion of Innovations – Back to the basics
Everett Rogers wrote the book on the spread of innovations within an organization or cultural group in his book Diffusions of Innovations. Rogers’ work led to many concepts that we seem to take for granted, such as the S-curve of adoption:
leading to the categorization of adopters (innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, laggards), and the combined technology adoption curve.
But Rogers did not set out to describe the diffusion of innovations as an automatic process following a pre-defined path. The real origin of his work was trying to understand why some innovations end up spreading throughout a social group while others do not, somewhat independent of whether the innovation could be thought of as a “good idea”. From the first paragraph of the 5th edition:
Getting a new idea adopted, even when it has obvious advantages, is difficult. Many innovations require a lengthy period of many years from the time when they become available to the time when they are widely adopted. Therefore, a common problem for many individuals and organizations is how to speed up the rate of diffusion of an innovation.
Rogers defined diffusion as “a special type of communication in which the messages are about a new idea” (p. 6), and he focused much of the book on the Innovation-Decision Process. This gets to the key point that availability of a new idea is not enough; rather, diffusion is more dependent on the communication and decision-process about whether and how to adopt the new idea. This process is shown below (p. 170):
What we are seeing in ed tech transformation initiatives in most cases, I would argue, is that the new ideas (applications, products, services) are stuck the Persuasion stage. There is knowledge and application amongst some early adopters in small-scale pilots, and there are good motivations in general from transformation groups like ITL and vendors, but majority of educators either have no knowledge of the innovation or are not persuaded that the idea is to their advantage, and there is little support or structure to get the organization at large (i.e. the majority of faculty for a traditional institution, or perhaps for central academic technology organization) to make a considered decision. It’s important to note that in many cases, the innovation should not be spread to the majority, either due to being a poor solution or even due to organizational dynamics based on how the innovation is introduced.
The Purgatory of Transformation
This stuck process ends up as an ed tech purgatory – with promises and potential of the heaven of full institutional adoption with meaningful results to follow, but also with the peril of either never getting out of purgatory or outright rejection over time.
Ed tech innovators can often be too susceptible to being persuaded by simple adoption numbers such as 1,100 institutions or total number of end users (millions served), or by new the promise of ideas that look great on paper, but meaningful adoption within an institution – actually affecting the majority of faculty or courses – is necessary in most cases before there can be any meaningful results beyond anecdotes or marketing stories. The reason for the extended purgatory is most often related to people issues and communications, and the ed tech market (and here I’m including transformation initiatives, vendors, consultants, and campus support staff and faculty) has been very ineffective in dealing with real people at real institutions beyond the initial audience for an idea.
First, those confessing their errors about solving school problems seldom looked at previous generations of reformers seeking major changes in schools.They were ahistorical. They thought that they knew better than other very smart people who had earlier sought to solve problems in schooling.
Second, the confessions seldom go beyond blaming their own flawed thinking (or others who failed to carry out their instructions) and coming to realize the obvious: schooling is far more complex a human institution than they had ever considered.
Finally, few of these confessions take a step back to not only consider the complexity of schooling and its many moving parts but also the political, social, and economic structures that keep it in place (see Audrey Watters here). As I and many others have said often, schools are political institutions deeply entangled in American society, culture, and democracy. Keeping the macro and micro-perspectives in sight is a must for those seeking major changes in how teachers teach or how schools educate. Were that to occur the incidence of after-the-reform regret might decrease.
Cover image credit: Ludovico Carracci [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
By Phil Hill
- I’m not arguing against faculty prerogative in technology adoption and for a centralized, mandatory approach, but noting the disconnect. [↩]
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How many horsepower hour in 1 gram calorie?
The answer is 1.5592362059579E-6.
We assume you are converting between horsepower hour and gram calorie.
You can view more details on each measurement unit:
horsepower hour or gram calorie
The SI derived unit for energy is the joule.
1 joule is equal to 3.7250614122937E-7 horsepower hour, or 0.23890295761862 gram calorie.
Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results.
Use this page to learn how to convert between horsepower hours and gram calories.
Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units!
1 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 641339.64833 gram calorie
2 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 1282679.29667 gram calorie
3 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 1924018.945 gram calorie
4 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 2565358.59334 gram calorie
5 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 3206698.24167 gram calorie
6 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 3848037.89001 gram calorie
7 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 4489377.53834 gram calorie
8 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 5130717.18668 gram calorie
9 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 5772056.83501 gram calorie
10 horsepower hour to gram calorie = 6413396.48335 gram calorie
You can do the reverse unit conversion from gram calorie to horsepower hour, or enter any two units below:
horsepower hour to gigajoule
horsepower hour to megaelectron volt
horsepower hour to yottawatthour
horsepower hour to Q unit
horsepower hour to yoctojoule
horsepower hour to exajoule
horsepower hour to tonne of oil equivalent
horsepower hour to quad
horsepower hour to exawatt-hour
horsepower hour to inch pound
ConvertUnits.com provides an online conversion calculator for all types of measurement units. You can find metric conversion tables for SI units, as well as English units, currency, and other data. Type in unit symbols, abbreviations, or full names for units of length, area, mass, pressure, and other types. Examples include mm, inch, 100 kg, US fluid ounce, 6'3", 10 stone 4, cubic cm, metres squared, grams, moles, feet per second, and many more!
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Although divorce is often a stressful time for many people, it can also be a time to achieve personal growth. Divorce causes life as you know it to change completely and suddenly we're on our own and everything seems different. When a divorcing person strives for balance to deal with the changes, the result can be personal growth during divorce that leads to a more self-fulfilling life.
Finding balance when starting to date again can be difficult. If you rush too quickly into a new relationship, you aren't giving ourselves time to learn from the divorce and get to know ourselves as an independent being. Yet, if you are scared to get back out there and so we decide not to date, you're still not achieving personal growth during divorce. A more balanced approach is possible. You can give ourselves time to work through the divorce and our feelings about it while also deciding on an appropriate time to begin dating again.
Remember that you hold the power to choose how you'll spend the rest of your life. Divorce can often allow new opportunities such as going back to school and pursuing new hobbies. Try and create a balance between dating and achieving personal goals. Ask yourself what you truly want out of life. This may help you to at least attempt personal growth through divorce rather than rush into new romantic relationships out of loneliness or the lack of a clear plan.
If you have children involved in the divorce, you must still take time for our personal growth while also helping our children through this confusing time. By figuring out what you and your children need during divorce we can stay on track and strive to reach goals. You must consider the relationships with our selves and our children to be more important than rushing into a new romantic relationship. When you reach our goals and your children are adjusting well, we can begin dating according to the rules we've set for ourselves.
Another way to experience personal growth during divorce is to learn and grow in our relationship with your ex-spouse. If you share no children together, you may never even need to communicate with this person ever again. If you do have children, you need to realize that we're no longer co-partners but, now more than ever, you are co-parents. Remember that you can't control your ex spouse's behavior, but you have the right and responsibility to control your response to it for the sake of your self and your children. Understanding how to use your energies wisely can contribute greatly to your personal growth during divorce.
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Gardening Tips for July
July gardening can be highly rewarding, with your garden in full bloom and crops swelling beautifully. It’s a joy to do the gardening surrounded by colour, but it’s important to get all the necessary jobs done to keep it looking its best both this month and beyond.
We’ve written up all the gardening tips for July that you need to keep your garden in top condition.
July Gardening Top Tip: Remove Fading Flowers on Roses
Cut back spent rose blooms with some pruners to ensure a longer flowering period. Prune them back to a pair of outward-facing buds.
If you have wild roses in your garden, leave the flowers as they are so as to get a beautiful display of hips in the autumn.
Beds and Borders
After months of growth, beds and borders can look a bit on the tired side by the middle of summer, so fill in any gaps by planting colourful late-flowering plants, like anemone, crocosmia, rudbeckia, aster, coreopsis and canna lilies. Another option is to add some low-cost yet lovely coloured bedding plants.
Get some late-flowering bulbs in the ground to provide colourful shows in the months to come. Sternbergia Lutea is a stunning yellow flowering plant, while Crocus Speciosus is a striking white with delicate blue veins. If you want something more sensational, Colchicum ‘Water Lily’ is a good choice – it delights the eye with double pink-purple flowers similar to water lilies, as the name suggests, that bloom just above ground level.
Tie dahlia shoots to supporting canes to prevent an early stop to growth and ensure you get a late display.
Stop weeds in their tracks underground and trap moisture in by covering the soil with a 7.5cm layer of bark mulch over borders.
Keep your borders looking spick and span by getting rid of lacklustre leaves from early blossoming perennials. Alchemilla Mollis, peonies and some hardy geraniums will grow a lovely set of new leaves that will look great for the rest of the season.
Give asters and late-flowering perennials a helping hand by scattering a general fertiliser over the soil and raking it in gently.
In the Kitchen Garden
Keep trimming herbs to make sure you have a regular supply of lovely aromatic leaves. Remove flowering shoots from parsley, sorrel, marjoram and sage, and pinch back shoots of thyme and rosemary to encourage further growth.
Leafy vegetables make tasty food for caterpillars, so get rid of any you spot on your crops. Look underneath leaves too as eggs may have been laid there ready to unleash the next round of pests.
Water potato plants frequently to prevent the leaves from wilting during dry spells.
Mound up soil around the base of sweetcorn to cover any exposed roots and give better anchorage.
Look out for conical yellow eggs laid by cabbage white butterflies and squash them before they turn into leaf-munching caterpillars.
Ensure a bigger bounty of runner beans by pinching out the tips of the plant when they grow to the tops of their supports. This will help flower-carrying side shoots to grow further down the plant.
With a pair of secateurs, prune summer fruiting strawberries. Once the final fruit has been picked, bundle the foliage together and cut it to 7.5cm above the crown of the plant. Fresh leaves will appear and encourage the development of next year’s flower buds.
Some fruit will fall from eating apple trees early in the summer but they might need additional thinning to encourage bigger, better fruits. Pick any damaged apples, leaving one every 15cm.
Minimise the chance of grapes being ruined by fungal diseases by thinning out bunches as they develop. Pick off every third grape to give more room for the others to swell.
Additional Gardening Tips for July
Prune fast-growing conifer hedges to halt unruly growth. Begin by cutting the top flat and then start work on the sides, leaving the top slightly narrower than the base to ensure all the leaves get a good amount of light.
When it’s hot, water will evaporate from ponds. Refresh pond levels by topping them up weekly with rainwater from a water butt, or water from the mains. If there are fish in your pond, use cold mains water little and often to prevent a shock to livestock.
If you have a lot of clover in your lawn and dislike the look, spray it with herbicide. However, clover is great for bees so it may be worth keeping some to help struggling pollinators, which are declining in number fast.
Strip leaves from the lower third of bamboo canes by snipping them off with a pair of pruners or snapping off side branches. The attractive canes are often hidden under foliage, so show them off! While you’re doing this July garden job, thin out bunched-up clumps by cutting back dead, and some weaker shoots, to ground level.
Neaten up wisterias by tying any side shoots you want to keep for filling gaps on walls or trellis, and then prune the remaining shoots, leaving four leaves.
When all your July gardening jobs are done, your garden will be looking more beautiful than ever both now and in the coming months. Now you can sit back and enjoy the colourful Eden you’ve created – until next month! Remember to come back for more gardening tips each month to keep your garden looking great.
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To determine whether expression of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is influenced by the degree of renal ablation, male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent uninephrectomy, 11/3 nephrectomy, or sham operation. Renin and angiotensinogen messenger RNA (mRNA) were not different among the three groups 2 weeks after surgery. The time course of expression of renin mRNA after 11/3 nephrectomy showed no difference versus controls at 2 and 4 weeks and a decrease at 6 weeks after surgical ablation. Because nephrons adjacent to the infarcted area in the nephrectomy may be hypoperfused and a source of increased renin synthesis, intrarenal distribution of tissue renin content, renin mRNA, and immunostainable renin were examined in separate groups of rats subjected to 11/3 nephrectomy. The kidney was divided into two pieces, one containing the scar and scar-adjacent tissue and the other portion the tissue distant from the scar. Tissue renin content, renin mRNA, and immunostainable renin were significantly greater in the scar-adjacent tissue compared with the nonscar tissue. Immunoreactive renin was seen in the juxtaglomerular apparatuses as well as in vascular elements proximal to the juxtaglomerular apparatus and within mesangial cells of some glomeruli of the scar-adjacent tissue. In conclusion, immunostainable renin, tissue renin content, and renin mRNA were increased in scar-adjacent tissue after 11/3 nephrectomy. We speculate that this unique scar-associated redistribution of renin may play a pathophysiological role in the progression of renal disease.
- Angiotensin II
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus
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At the recent ESG in Action! panel, “Implementing ESG: Employee Engagement, Communication, and Training,” hosted by Corporate Counsel Business Journal, our senior advisor Emily Miner discussed strategies for communicating, educating, and cascading ESG commitments to the global workforce. Joined by Stacey Hannah, general counsel for global ethics and compliance at Lonza Group, and Kelly Slavitt, advisory board member for Parley Pro and acting general counsel for several startup companies, the three explored ESG’s impact on employee engagement and how elevating culture and behavior makes companies—and the world—better.
What is ESG, and why does it matter?
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) refers to the three central factors in measuring the sustainability and societal impact of an investment in a company or business. ESG continues to grow in importance for determining a variety of business initiatives.
- Investors are increasingly considering ESG metrics given direct connection with long-term business sustainability. In 2020, investors contributed $51.1 billion to sustainable funds compared with less than $5 billion five years ago.
- This year, the UNGC released a new framework to accelerate business action to help companies embrace transformational governance, a principles-based ESG philosophy that calls on organizations to be more accountable, ethical, inclusive, and transparent in their leadership and culture.
- Greater societal awareness has also influenced the rising ESG movement. There’s growing evidence that consumers prefer brands that are deemed socially responsible. Similarly, more employees want to work for companies with both a good reputation and values that align with their own.
4 tips to put your ESG strategy into action
The ethics and compliance function is uniquely positioned to operationalize companies’ environmental, social, and governance commitments. Teams can help establish oversight and monitor ways to translate ESG objectives through values and behavioral expectations for employees. Here are four tips that Miner, Hannah, and Slavitt discussed to help E&C teams bring ESG strategies to life:
- Make it relevant to what your business does. Consider how to leverage your organization’s unique expertise to do good. Can your law firm offer pro bono legal advice to the surrounding community? Can you concentrate the packaging of your goods or products to reduce your carbon footprint? If you’re a multinational organization, can you adopt a successful initiative from one region and expand it to other markets? Tying your ESG initiatives back to who and where you are can only help strengthen your overall program.
- Create a cross-functional ESG team. Because ESG encompasses a wide range of initiatives, having one department solely responsible for enforcing them might not be the most effective solution. No matter your company size, it’s important that you build a team of people who are committed to creating, implementing, and managing your ESG program. Including a dedicated member of your E&C function to each effort is key here, as they can help identify high-risk areas and prioritize which need addressing first.
- Deliver training and communications in pieces. When it comes to operationalizing ESG, Hannah and Slavitt noted that it’s beneficial to roll out training and communications in pieces over time rather than one annual initiative. In addition to creating training on ESG-specific topics via E&C, you can also:
- Frequently share ESG wins on company intranets and social media
- Highlight ESG topics throughout larger departmental meetings
- Integrate ESG into early planning for marketing and product development.
This approach allows for more ongoing, company-wide education—an essential part of ESG strategy as demands and expectations from securities, regulatory bodies, shareholders, investors, and customers continue to increase.
- Always bring it back to purpose. Whether you’re just starting to create your ESG strategy or are midstream, be purpose-driven. If you focus your program solely on appeasing investors, regulators, and customers—and not tie it back to organizational values—it will not be as successful. You can use your company purpose to help determine which areas of ESG you want to tackle first, ultimately making it easier to identify value-creation opportunities and share best practices among your departments and regions.
The key takeaway
The business of business is no longer just business. Companies that are actively working to create more inclusive, equal societies and protect the environment are seen as not only more competent but also more ethical. To understand how your E&C function can help create, implement, and manage your organization's ESG efforts, get in touch for a consultation with our Advisory team. You can also view the full ESG in Action! panel discussion here.
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This page covers the second (effectiveness) trial of Catch Up® Numeracy, testing a scalable model under everyday conditions in a large number of schools. To read about the first (efficacy) trial – testing whether it could work in schools under best possible conditions – click here.
Catch Up® Numeracy is a one to one intervention for learners who are struggling with numeracy. It is delivered by Teaching Assistants and consists of two 15-minute sessions per week
There is evidence that Teaching Assistants are more likely to have a positive impact when delivering structured interventions than as general classroom support. The EEF funded Catch Up® Numeracy because it is a structured intervention that has some evidence of promise from previous evaluations.
The first trial was designed to find out if the programme worked in developer led conditions and found that pupils receiving the intervention made additional progress in comparison to pupils receiving standard provision. The study also found a positive impact for providing pupils with the same amount of structured one to one support without using the specific Catch Up® Numeracy materials. This suggested that it was the additional one to one support, rather than Catch Up® Numeracy itself, which led to improved outcomes
The EEF funded a second evaluation which compared two ways of supporting large numbers of schools to deliver structured one-to-one TA support. It compared pupils receiving Catch Up® Numeracy with pupils receiving equivalent TA support based on best practice guidance in the EEF’s guidance report on TA deployment. The study provides no evidence that Catch Up® Numeracy had an impact on pupils’ maths outcomes compared to the alternative. Catch Up® Numeracy pupils ever eligible for free school meals made 2 months’ less progress than similar pupils receiving other TA provision.
Schools may choose to implement their own structured TA intervention, which is likely to have a similar impact for all pupils, and might be more suitable for those eligible for free school meals. The EEF has no plans for another trial of Catch Up® Numeracy and the programme will be removed from our Promising Project list
- There is no evidence that Catch Up® Numeracy had an impact on pupils’ maths outcomes, on average, compared to a control group which received a similar amount of TA-led support. This result has a low to moderate security rating.
- Among pupils eligible for Free School Meals, those who received Catch Up® Numeracy made two months less progress in maths compared to those who did not. This result may have lower security than the overall finding because of the smaller number of pupils.
- There was some weak evidence to indicate that children who received Catch Up® Numeracy developed a more positive attitude towards maths compared to those in the active control group.
- Schools implemented the intervention with a high level of fidelity. However, there was some mis-selection of pupils, which suggests that intervention programmes for low attaining pupils may not reach all pupils for whom they are intended.
- Teaching assistants reported that they valued the Catch Up® Numeracy training. However, there was no evidence that Catch Up® Numeracy changed the attitudes of teaching assistants to maths and maths teaching.
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Transcript from the "Mocks" Lesson
>> Let's test fetch. So this is great. This test that if we give us breed list, nothing that it gives us back an empty list and an unloaded state. That's exactly what I would expect from it. But that's not really the point of views breed list, use breed list.
[00:00:18] If I give it an animal I wanted to call the API and give me back a list of breeds. That's actually the point of it. So lets go a head and make it do that. I want to install another library here called just fetch merch impairment-D, just-fetch-merch@.3.0.3 This is just a little package that's going to mock out fetch for us.
[00:00:50] We can tell it. We expect to be called with this. We expect it to be given back this. Okay, I want you to go to your package.json. And we have to add a little configuration down here at the bottom. We gonna say jest, we gonna say auto mock false.
[00:01:12] So don't automatically mock everything. That was a dark time when Jest used to do that all that, when it worked it was fabulous but most of the time it didn't work and it was horrifying. It demoed really well though, people got really stoked about it. Anyway, that's a history lesson that I would need several more beers to tell.
[00:01:33] And then set up files. Basically you can say hey just before you run test run this file to set up my environment. So we're going to make one in source called Source/setup jest or whatever you want to call your file .js. Now just we'll run this file before any of your other files to make sure that you can set it up.
[00:01:59] Okay, cool. That's all nice. Don't put this into the test directory, right? Because if you put in the test directory, just is gonna think it's a test. So don't put it in there, we have to put in just our normal source directory. This is gonna be called setupJest.js or you could make another folder called like test helpers or something like that, whatever you wanna do.
[00:02:23] This is gonna be super short, we're gonna say import, enable, fetch, mocks from just fetch mock. Then just enable it. That's all, you just run the function. It's going to basically patch in that Jes time environment. What fetch is supposed to do. So then that we can basically control how fetch responds to our use breed list.
[00:03:00] All right, so go back to our use breed list test. Okay, down underneath this one we're gonna give it another test. This one's gonna be say, gives back breeds with an animal. Make sure that that is async. Okay, tell about the breeds that you care about. We'll just give it a list of breeds.
[00:03:27] You can put whatever you want in here. I'm gonna give it Havanese Bichon Frise. Poodle, Maltese. Golden Retriever. Labrador, and Husky. Okay, so just a bunch of dog breeds. Okay, and then we're gonna patch the fetch implementation to say fetch.mockResponseOnce. And then we're just going to tell it what to give back whenever the next time fetches called.
[00:04:15] JSON.Stringify. Animal: dog and breeds. We're just mocking with that, API response looks like. We could get more technical here, we could test that it calls the right URL with the right parameters. In reality all it cares if it gets back the correct information that it's given it back to me correctly.
[00:04:42] Okay, so here I'm gonna save fetch sorry. I did that already, we're gonna do say const result and wait for next update. This is just a nice little helper functions is like wait until react like all its dust settles up at three renders, right? And then check. I think this is actually a promise.
[00:05:08] We'll check here in just a second render hook. Same thing up here but we're gonna give it us breed list, and we're gonna give it dog. This is a some sort of function, it's a function that returns a promise. That's what it is. So you say wait for next update.
[00:05:33] That is a promise, right? That doesn't return anything. At this point, we can be guaranteed that result. Whatever result is, is going to be what we expected. So we can say const pre list status equals result.current. Expect status to be loaded and expect breed list to equal, Breeds.
[00:06:17] Now important that this is not to be it would check to see is do I have literally the same array which is actually, we don't care about identity here we just care about equality. You can give me back to different arrays as long as they contain the same things does every literally the same array.
[00:06:35] Actually, this might come back to be I don't know how it works underneath the hood, but doesn't matter to me. I don't want to test that. Mpm run, Test watch, and it passes. So that is how you test fetch. Questions? All right, in the past have actually written code that actually will hit the API or it will like spin up a fake API and like hit that, just mock it.
[00:07:19] That's nine times out of ten what you care about anyway.
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Hpv treatment procedures.
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This situation has not been disclosed beforeand as a result the first cases of HIV infections in children in Romania have been identified this year.
Kevin Ault discusses treatment for different symptoms of HPV infection parasitosis helmintica The aim of our study is to study the presence of the human papilloma virus infection, and analyze the prevalence of highly oncogenic HPV strains in this special group of patients. The samples were processed at a genetics laboratory for molecular testing.
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In the case of persistence of high-grade lesions after repeated excision and if forumul virusului papiloma patient does not want to preserve fertility, hysterectomy may be indicated.
This is a surgical procedure human papillomavirus hpv treatment can be indicated for benign gynaecological pathology, preinvasive cervical neoplasia and stage IA1 of cervical cancer. Conization was the surgical choice in patients with hpv treatment procedures intraepithelial neoplasia, under 35 years of age, who wanted to conserve fertility and did not have human papillomavirus hpv treatment gynaecological lesions.
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Human papillomavirus infection symptoms in mouth What are common HPV symptoms? Înțelesul "HPV" în dicționarul Engleză - Genital hpv infection symptoms in females Strains of HPV 16 and 18 are strains with a high cancer risk, known to cause almost all cases of cervical cancer while also increasing the risk to develop oropharyngeal cancer.
The Facts on HPV ganglioni la gat simptome The aim of this study is to present the evolution of cervical cancer in Bucharest, based on incidence, prevalence and mortality routine statistics, in the context of the health programs unfolded by the authorities or by other parties as corporate social responsibility CRS factors.
Traducerea «HPV» în 25 de limbi Human papillomavirus hpv treatment.
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- Paraziti eozinofilia
According to some recent studies, the HPV infection may also increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Materials and method.
This is a correlation between a study and review of the latest hpv treatment procedures using data bases on cervical cancer and the prevalence of its risk factors.
In Bucharest, it was initiated an awareness program for female population, and inwith the Government support, there was initiated a vaccination program against HPV, but the vaccination rate was under expectations. HPV Causing Cancer In Men oxiuros e tratamento Detoxifiere ficat sare amara plasturi kinoki human papillomavirus hpv treatment tei, foot wart define gastric cancer hematemesis. Ce este parazitoza digestiva dysbiosis from antibiotics, papiloma virus in gola metastatic cancer from kidney.
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The Serbs began to see the writing on the wall, realizing there was no stopping Slovenian and Croatian independence. They also saw Bosnia coming apart and tried to cleave some of that territory out for themselves through ethnic cleansing.
Bosnia’s history made it ripe for this sort of business. The Ottoman Turks ruled here for centuries, establishing Islam in the region, a fact one notices when crossing the border: almost immediately, minarets and mosques are visible in towns and villages. Through centuries of co-existence with their Catholic and Orthodox neighbors, Bosnia’s Muslims embraced more modest expressions of their faith when compared to their Arab, African and Asian counterparts.
The Serbs’ plan was to essentially remove Muslims from territory in Bosnia they wanted to claim for themselves. The result was a complex mess of ethnic cleansing and civil war that Bosnia’s Muslims bore the brunt of. Horrific images from the ‘Siege of Sarajevo’ were a nightly fixture on the news in the early 1990s and helped galvanize international efforts to end the conflict.
with the genocide in Rwanda in 1994 however, the war in Bosnia would leave a lasting blemish on the UN with its ineffectiveness in stopping such conflicts. A contingent of Dutch peacekeepers were told to stand down in one famous instance of Serb aggression in Srebenica, ultimately resulting in the massacre of thousands of Bosnian men and boys. A link to the story can be found here at Wikipedia.
In the end, Bosnia and Bosnians suffered the greatest number of atrocities during the war. Images of snipers shooting people carrying groceries became a kind of nightly news meme that helped engage greater international involvement in the effort to end the bloodshed. Eventually, it took a great deal of strong-arm diplomacy, particularly American in the form of Richard Holbrooke’s remarkable tenacity, and back-channel deal-making to bring a stop to the hostilities and end the war.
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Jesus Christ, Our Savior
Remember: We are all hopeless sinners who can do no good works that will save us. But God “hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began” (2 Timothy 1:9).
The Apostle Paul wrote to the Christians living in the city of Corinth, “For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; and that
he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures” (1 Corinthians 15:3–4).
The above is a brief account of the Gospel, or good news, of what God did through Jesus Christ to save His people. Before Jesus was born, an angel announced to Joseph, “And [Mary] shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name Jesus: for he shall save his people from their sins” (Matthew 1:21). Jesus means, “Jehovah [the Lord] is salvation.”
But how could Jesus pay the penalty for our sins? He could do this because He is “the Christ [the anointed of God], the Son of the living God” (Matthew 16:16). In fact, writing of Jesus, the apostle John says, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. . . . And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth” (John 1:1, 14). Jesus Christ is God the Son, the second Person of the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit).
Jesus is God in both Person and nature. To save us, He added a human nature to His God nature (Philippians 2:6–8). Being born into this world, He lived a sinless life (1 Peter 2:22; 1 John 3:5), took on Himself our sins and God’s just wrath for those sins (2 Corinthians 5:21; Galatians 3:13), and was crucified on a cross (Matthew 27:35; 1 Corinthians 2:2), dying in our place (1 Peter 3:18). By doing this, He satisfied the law and paid the penalty for our sins (Matthew 20:28; Hebrews 9:28; 1 Peter 2:24). Also, He satisfied God’s wrath against us (Ephesians 5:2; Romans 5:9). Not only that, He also cleansed us from all unrighteousness (1 John 1:7). Still more, He has caused us to be dead to the law and married to Him (Romans 7:1–4)!
Because Jesus was God (yet with a human nature) and had no sins of His own, He was able to bear our sins on the cross and pay the death penalty for them. On the third day after his death, He rose from the grave, proving that our sins are gone and that we are justified before God (Romans 4:25).
By living a sinless life, Jesus also did something else. His sinless life is applied to, or imputed to, all His people. Just as Adam’s sin is imputed to the entire human race, so Jesus Christ’s sinlessness is imputed to His people, the elect of God, those God has called out of this world and “into the kingdom of his dear Son” (Colossians 1:13). The Greek word, ekklēsia, literally means “called out,” and it is the word translated “church” in most English Bibles. The ekklēsia is composed of the people who believe that Jesus alone is their Savior. Romans 5:19 says, “For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.” So then, because of Jesus Christ’s death, we receive a “not guilty” verdict before God’s throne, and because of His sinless life, we are declared “righteous.” But how does Jesus’ death and sinlessness come to be applied to you? You must believe that Jesus Christ alone is your Savior. But since believing this is a good work, and you are a sinner, how can you do this good work of believing?
Saved by Grace
You can do this work of believing because of God’s grace. God’s saving us even though we don’t deserve it is grace. And part of what He does for us by grace is to give us the gift of faith, or believing: “For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: not of works, lest any man should boast” (Ephesians 2:8–9).
This Scripture passage tells us that we are saved by grace, not our works, and that grace comes through faith. This does not make faith a work we must perform in order to be saved, because the Scripture also says that the faith we need to be saved is a gift from God. If you believe that Jesus Christ’s sacrifice has completely paid for your sins it is because God has worked a miracle in your mind—He has given you the gift of faith.
Along with and inseparable to faith is the gift of repentance—the change of mind from sinful unbelief and rebellion toward God to a recognition of your sinfulness, belief of the Gospel, and submission toward God (Job 42:6; Acts 20:21; 11:18).
The miracle in your mind by which you have faith and repentance is called regeneration or being born again. It is a renewal of your mind and is caused by God acting through the Holy Spirit. Whereas before being born again you were spiritually dead, after regeneration you are spiritually alive.
When you were spiritually dead, you could do no good works, including the good work of believing in Jesus Christ alone as your Savior. When you are born again, you (really God working in you) can do good works. You begin your good works by believing the Gospel about what Jesus Christ has done for His people. Of the Jews of His day who did not accept His message because they were not born again, Jesus declared, “For this people’s heart [mind] is waxed gross [become dull], and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed; lest at any time they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and should understand with their heart, and should be converted, and I should heal them” (Matthew 13:15). Jesus was speaking of the spiritual blindness of the people because they were spiritually dead. If you will read John 12:37–40, you will see that Jesus clearly taught that this spiritual blindness comes from God, “He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart.” Jesus also said, “Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God” (John 3:3). When God regenerates our minds, we can perceive the things of the kingdom of God and believe. Therefore, if you believe the Gospel message you have just been reading—if you believe that you are a helpless and miserable sinner in need of saving and that Jesus Christ alone is your Savior—then you have been born again and you are demonstrating the inward gifts of repentance and faith. So, you are born again—you have new spiritual life, you have repentance and faith, and God has outwardly declared you legally justified, or “not guilty” and “righteous.” But God is not finished with you yet. He will continue to save you in an inner work called sanctification.
Scriptures links on this page:
Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: but made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was make in the likeness of men: and being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.—Philippians 2:6–8—back
Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth.—1 Peter 2:22—back
And ye know that he was manifested to take away our sins: and in him is no sin.—1 John 3:5—back
For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.—2 Corinthians 5:21—back
Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree.—Galatians 3:13—back
And they crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, They parted my garments among them, and upon my vesture did they cast lots.—Matthew 27:35—back
For I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ, and him crucified.—1 Corinthians 2:2—back
For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit.—1 Peter 3:18—back
Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.—Matthew 20:28—back
And walk in love, as Christ also hath loved us, and hath given himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweetsmelling savour.—Ephesians 5:2—back
So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.—Hebrews 9:28—back
Who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed.—1 Peter 2:24—back
Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him.—Romans 5:9—back
But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin.—1 John 1:7—back
Know ye not, brethren, (for I speak to them that know the law,) how that the law hath dominion over a man as long as he liveth? For the woman which hath an husband is bound by the law to her husband so long as he liveth; but if the husband be dead, she is loosed from the law of her husband. So then if, while her husband liveth, she be married to another man, she shall be called an adulteress: but if her husband be dead, she is free from that law; so that she is no adulteress, though she be married to another man. Wherefore, my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ; that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit unto God.—Romans 7:1-4—back
Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.—Romans 4:25—back
Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes.—Job 42:6—back
Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.—Acts 20:21—back
When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life.—Acts 11:18—back
But though he had done so many miracles before them, yet they believed not on him: that the saying of Esaias [Isaiah] the prophet might be fulfilled, which he spake, Lord, who hath believed our report? And to whom hath the arm of the Lord been revealed? Therefore they could not believe, because that Esaias said again, He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.—John 12:37–40—back
Trinity: The Bible teaches that God is a Trinity of three Persons—the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory.—back; or Read “Why Christians Believe in the Trinity“
Justification: Justification is a legal process whereby God declares a sinner righteous and without guilt because Jesus Christ has paid for the sinner’s sins and Christ’s righteousness is imputed to the sinner (counted as if it is the sinner’s righteousness).—back
Copyright © 2007-2017 Peter Ditzel
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John Maynard Keynes
(1883 - 1946)
Like many books of great importance, Keynes's The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money was a convoluted, almost incomprehensible tome. However, the ideas contained inside caused a revolution that changed the world.
Keynes' book was published in 1936, at the height of the Great Depression. The world was facing the biggest economic slump ever to have occured, employment was nearly nonexistent. The economists of that time, blindly following the laissez faire doctrine, maintained that nothing could be done. The economy, they chorused, would magically right itself. Employment, after all, was available to those who were willing to accept lower salaries; as low as the market demanded. The government would do well, they advised, to leave the economy alone.
Keynes, however, believed otherwise. The problem, he said, was aggregate demand. When the demand was high, laissez faire economics worked. When it was low, however, the economy would enter into a devastating spiral: the economy was bad, so people would spend less. Because people spent less, the economy would worsen, and because of that people would spend even less.
The only way out of this, Keynes preached, was increasing the aggregate demand. And the only institution that could increase this demand was the government. Keynes believed that to save the economy, the government had to spend a lot of money, never mind if it would incur a large public deficit.
Keynes quickly converted his fellow economists to his radically new ideas. By 1946, much of the world (those who were not communist) had embraced keynesian economics, and the US passed the Employment Act of 1946, affirming the commitment of the United States government to a high employment rate.
It was also in 1946 that Keynes, the most influential economist of the 20th century, died.
Keynes, John Maynard, britannica.com
John Maynard Keynes, Time.com profile, http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/profile/keynes.html
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The main factor is depend upon answers to these questions.
How much throughput of one bp was on the testnet of bitmex?
Because if one bp throughput is low that cause decrement in overall network CPU and users will have less available CPU.
For more information :- https://support.dexeos.io/hc/en-us/articles/360009054093-EOSIO-Why-CPU-bandwidth-varies-
How many bp were there for load balancing?
If thousand txs validated by one bp then bp will suffer all stress by validating all transaction. if there are as many as bp then stress can be distrubuted among these block producer by parallel transaction execution.
Were there any light node to validate only block header to reduce the stress for bps?
In "light" mode all incoming blocks headers will be fully validated; transactions in those validated blocks will be trusted.
From my point of view, if EOS mainnet can acheive some throughput that doesn't mean all EOS sister chain will produce the same throughput.
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What To Do If You Suspect Child Abuse
What should I do if I think a child has been abused or neglected?
Call the local child protective services agency or department of human services. If you have concerns about a family residing in Clermont County, call 732-STOP.
What if the person causing the harm or neglect is someone I know? Can I call anonymously?
We understand that you may be reluctant to tell us who you are, or even hesitant about calling at all. Reporting child abuse is not pleasant, especially when it involves the children of a relative, neighbor or friend. However, the worst thing you can do is nothing. Before you make the decision not to call, remember that the abuse or neglect the child may be experiencing will likely continue if you fail to act. Yes, you can make a report anonymously, but we prefer that you give us your name. Your identity will be kept confidential; we will not give your name to the person allegedly harming the child, nor to the child’s family.
What information do I need when I make a report?
The more information you can provide, the better we will be able to assess the level of risk to the child. At a minimum, we’ll need:
- The child’s name;
- How to locate the child;
- A description of the alleged abuse or neglect.
In order to better assess the situation, you will also be asked to provide, if possible, the following:
- The name, address, and telephone number of all of the following:
- The child;
- The child’s caretaker
- The child’s guardian (if different from the caretaker);
- The child’s approximate age and what is known of her/his behavior and level of functioning;
- When and where the alleged abuse or neglect occurred, what happened to the child, how serious it is, and how long it has been going on;
- When, where, and how the child is at risk of abuse or neglect;
- Are you aware of any prior incidents of abuse/neglect experienced by the child?
- The circumstances surrounding the abuse/neglect or any other information which might be helpful in understanding why it happened;
- What do you know about the behavior and parenting abilities of the person(s) caring for the child?
- What has been done to reduce the risk to the child?
- What actions have been taken? (Has the abuse/neglect been documented with photographs? Has the child received medical attention? Have the police or sheriff been notified?);
- Who allegedly committed the abuse/neglect and where can we find this person? Does this person still have access to the child?
- The names and approximate ages of other children living in the home, and their relationship to the child victim;
- Have any other children in the home been victims of abuse and neglect, and if so, who was the perpetrator?
- The names and whereabouts of anyone else with knowledge of the abuse and neglect.
What information am I entitled to?
Just as you have confidentiality rights as a reporter of child abuse and neglect, the family of the child has an expectation of privacy as well. Therefore, in accordance with the law we do not provide any information about our investigations.
However, if you are a mandated reporter (see below) you are by law entitled to certain information:
- Disposition of your report — whether or not Children Services will initiate an investigation;
- Notification of when the investigation is complete;
- Whether or not Children Services will continue its involvement with the family after the investigation has been concluded;
- Whether or not Children Services is otherwise involved with the child who is the subject of the report;
- The general status of the health and safety of the child who is the subject of the report;
- Whether or not the report has resulted in the filing of a complaint in juvenile court or of criminal charges in another court;
- Identification of a designated contact person at Children Services;
- Any information that would assist in service provision to the child.
Does the law require me to report child abuse and neglect?
Although Ohio law encourages everyone to report alleged child abuse and neglect, in most cases it is an option left for personal and moral decision. The exception is those professions that have an inherent responsibility to report. The ethical commitment to families and children that these professionals have accepted through virtue of their positions is recognized under Ohio law, and thus they are mandated to report alleged child abuse and neglect.
The Ohio Revised Code Section 2151.421 clearly removes the option of choice, and requires immediate reporting of known or suspected alleged child abuse and neglect for the following professionals:
- physician, including a hospital intern or resident
- registered nurse
- licensed practical nurse
- visiting nurse
- other health care professional
- licensed psychologist
- licensed school psychologist
- speech pathologist or audiologist
- administrator or employee of a child day-care center
- administrator or employee of a certified child care agency or other public or private children services agency
- school teacher
- school employee
- school authority
- social worker
- licensed professional counselor
- person rendering spiritual treatment through prayer in accordance with the tenets of a well-recognized religion
How do I know that Children Services is investigating my report?
We take every report seriously, rest assured. If there is enough information available to suggest a child is at risk of abuse or neglect, we will most certainly investigate.
However, because we must keep case information confidential, and because we try our best to keep children in their own homes, there may be occasions when those who report child abuse and neglect do not see any immediate change in the situation. Because the child is not removed from the home or they do not hear back from Children Services, they may mistakenly conclude that we are not taking action.
But in fact, we are taking action. If we determine that children are at risk of abuse or neglect, we’re already working to connect the family with community services that will help them toward stability.
What if my concerns about a child being abused or neglected are later found to be unsubstantiated? Can I be sued or charged?
Although no statute can forbid the filing of civil or criminal charges, state law protects the reporter of alleged child abuse or neglect from any decision or award which might be sought through the filing of a claim, provided that the reporter acted in good faith and did not knowingly make a false claim.
information provided by the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services
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You can get from Turin to Palermo by train, bus or flight.
To get from Turin to Palermo on 14 Aug we recommend taking a flight because it’s the best combination of price and speed.
Find all the dates and times for this journey by train, bus, and flight, .
|Available travel modes||Coach, flight, ferry or train|
|Ticket price range||£19 - £117|
|Fastest mode||Flight • £84 • 1 h 34 min|
|Popular travel companies||Flixbus, ITA or Intercity|
Take a coach, flight, ferry or train to travel 561 miles from Turin to Palermo. The most popular travel providers which serve this journey are Flixbus, ITA or Intercity among others. Travellers can even take a direct coach, flight or train from Turin to Palermo.
There are 4 travel options from Turin to Palermo: coach, flight, ferry or train.
The cheapest way from Turin to Palermo is by taking a ferry. You can find average ticket prices around £19 compared to other travel options to Palermo:
A ferry is £82 less than a coach for this route with tickets for a coach from Turin to Palermo costing on average £101.
A ferry is generally £65 less than a flight for the same trip. A flight costs on average £84 from Turin to Palermo.
A ferry journey is usually £98 less than a journey to Palermo by train, which costs on average £117 for the same trip.
The fastest way from Turin to Palermo is by flight with an average journey time of 1 h 34 min.
Other travel options from Turin to Palermo can usually take longer:
In comparison, getting to Palermo by coach can take on average 22 h 40 min.
In comparison, travelling by ferry can take you on average NaN h NaN min.
In comparison, taking a train requires on average 16 h 5 min of travel time.
The distance between Turin and Palermo is around 561 miles.
The average frequency per day from Turin to Palermo is:
However, we recommend checking specific travel dates for your journey from Turin to Palermo as scheduled services by coach, flight, ferry or train can vary by season or day of the week.
These are the most popular departure and arrival points for travellers from Turin to Palermo:
If finding a good deal is your main consideration for your trip from Turin to Palermo, then we'll help you find the best value travel companies for you:
Yes, there are direct routes from Turin to Palermo with the following travel companies:
As you won't need to change at another stop in between, direct services to Palermo tend to save you time and add more convenience, so it's worth paying attention to before you book tickets for this trip.
When planning your trip from Turin to Palermo, it’s good to keep in mind what tickets to purchase and their prices in the next 7 days:
However, we recommend buying tickets between Turin and Palermo online a few months in advance to get the best deals and save money on your upcoming journey.
Here are some other resources that might have the information you need
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Thrombosis is a disease
What are the causes of thrombotic disorders?
There are diseases in which the blood clot forms. Increased clotting in the blood causes this.
Several diseases can cause an increase in blood coagulation activity. thrombosis can be caused by the blood clot.
Normal blood flow can be blocked if a clot becomes too large.
Ischemic stroke or heart attack can occur.
There is a deep vein clot.
There is a embolism.
Blood vessels in the brain and lungs can be blocked by a clot.
What is the treatment for thrombosis?
In patients with high risk of thrombosis, the doctor tries to prevent excessive clot formation with drugs such as heparin or oral anticoagulants.
If you have a heart attack or stroke, you need to treat it immediately. One of the standard therapeutic measures is treatment with fibrinolytics with the aim of dissolving the blocking clot and restoring blood flow to prevent damage or death.
Haemostasis is a disease
What is haemostasis?
There is a balance of Clotting and Bleeding in your body.
Blood is a fluid that moves through the body. Defense and protective mechanisms, the supply of oxygen and nutrients, and the regulation of body temperature are some of the vital functions that it performs. The blood vessels can be damaged by injuries. Bleeding stops after a short time in a healthy person. This is called haemostasis.
What is the nature of primary haemostasis?
The first thing to stop bleeding is the release of the so-called collagen. The platelets in the blood migrate into the wound.
A reduction in blood circulation around the injured area is caused by the platelets.
The platelets release substances that cause more platelets to accumulate. A seal can be formed within a few minutes. This seal is the first to stop the bleeding.
What is the difference between secondary and primary haemostasis?
Secondary haemostasis occurs when substances released by the injury cause another chain reaction.
The reaction sequence can happen in two different ways. Both ways lead to the production of cross-linked fibrin.
A clot of blood cells forms.
What does blood clot dissolution look like?
The clot is broken up when the wound heals under the stable seal.
The concentration of the D dimer in the blood goes up in this process.
In a healthy person, clotting and fibrinolytics are in balance, and only when necessary are they formed and dissolved.
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Beno Gutenberg (June 4, 1889 – January 25, 1960) made considerable contributions to the science of seismology, advancing the understanding of both the earth and of earthquakes, both theoretically and experimentally.
Gutenberg was born in Darmstadt, Germany, and obtained his doctorate in physics from the University of Göttingen in 1911. His advisor was Emil Wiechert. During the World War I, Gutenberg served in the German army as a meteorologist in support of gas warfare operations. Gutenberg held positions at the University of Strasbourg which he lost when Strasbourg became French in 1918. After some years where he had to sustain himself with managing his father's soap factory, he obtained in 1926 a junior professorship at University of Frankfurt-am-Main.
Biography Citation for the SEG Medal (now called the Reginald Fessenden Award) 1961
Contributed by Frank Press
Professor Beno Gutenberg's contributions in seismology unquestionably qualify him for the title of Dean of Modern Seismology. They began prior to World War I and continued up to the time of his death. He has worked on every significant problem concerning the physics of the earth's interior, as well as having made contributions in meteorology and atmospheric physics. There is hardly a single paper in physics of the earth's interior which does not refer to his work. His many awards and honorary degrees were justifiably earned.
A few of his many outstanding contributions are.
- 1. The precise determination of the depth of the earth's core.
- 2. Determination of the travel times of seismic waves.
- 3. Studies on the seismic geography of the world.
- 4. Techniques for evaluating the magnitude and energy of earthquakes.
- 5. The temperature and physical properties within the earth as a function of depth.
- 6. Structure of the earth's crust and outer mantle.
- 7. Mechanism of earthquakes.
Professor Gutenberg has published several hundred papers, including 7 books. His most recent work was published only a few weeks before his death. Although he retired from The California Institute of Technology in 1959, he prosecuted his research vigorously almost up to the time of his passing.
It can truly be said that Professor Gutenberg will be missed by his colleagues and friends. He was a noble man, kind, gentle, whose main purpose in life was to search for scientific truth. He influenced many geophysicists, who will always be indebted to him for his inspiration and has selfless efforts on their behalf. His warming gentle personality will be remembered by all of us. Reginald Fessenden medal was awarded to him posthumously.
- Beno Gutenberg Wikipedia page https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beno_Gutenberg
- Awards Citations of SEG (1998) SEG Press, Tulsa, Oklahoma p. 134.
- Whaley, J., 2017, Oil in the Heart of South America, https://www.geoexpro.com/articles/2017/10/oil-in-the-heart-of-south-america], accessed November 15, 2021.
- Wiens, F., 1995, Phanerozoic Tectonics and Sedimentation of The Chaco Basin, Paraguay. Its Hydrocarbon Potential: Geoconsultores, 2-27, accessed November 15, 2021; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281348744_Phanerozoic_tectonics_and_sedimentation_in_the_Chaco_Basin_of_Paraguay_with_comments_on_hydrocarbon_potential
- Alfredo, Carlos, and Clebsch Kuhn. “The Geological Evolution of the Paraguayan Chaco.” TTU DSpace Home. Texas Tech University, August 1, 1991. https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/handle/2346/9214?show=full.
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England & Wales ~ More English info.
Northern Ireland & Scotland below
Legal Formalities for Marriage
Unless you are marrying in the Church of England or Church in Wales by Banns or Common Licence, notice of marriage has to be given personally to your local superintendent registrar(s) at the Register Office in the district in which you and your partner reside. A notice of marriage states the names of the parties to the marriage, age, marital status, address, occupation nationality and the intended venue for the marriage. It is a legal document
covered by the Perjury Act 1911.
Both of you must have lived in a registration district in England or Wales for at least seven days immediately before giving notice at the register office. If you both live in the same district, you should both attend your local register office together to give your notices of marriage. If you live in different registration districts then each of you will need to give notice separately in your respective district. After giving notice you must wait a further sixteen days before the marriage can take place, (for example, if notice is given on 1 July the marriage may take place on or after 17 July).
Your marriage cannot go ahead unless the legal formalities have been completed.
Notices of marriage must be given in person to the superintendent registrar by you and your partner. No one else can do so on your behalf.
Where an advance booking for a marriage has been made, it is essential that a formal notice is given to the superintendent registrar, once you are legally able to do so.
Registration Officers have a statutory duty to report any marriage they suspect has been arranged for the sole purpose of evading statutory immigration controls.
There are nationally set fees for giving notice to the superintendent registrar and the registrar's attendance at the marriage at a register office or religious building. However, the fee for the attendance of the superintendent registrar and registrar at a marriage in an approved premises (for example, at a hotel) is set by the local authority. The superintendent registrar of the district where you wish to marry will be able to provide you with details of the fees payable.
On the day of the wedding you will need to bring with you at least two other people who are prepared to witness the marriage and sign the marriage register.
If you wish to know more about marriage ceremonies at register offices or at approved premises please ask the superintendent registrar for details. While a marriage ceremony in the presence of a superintendent registrar cannot, by law, contain any religious aspects, it may be possible, with agreement, to include non-religious music and/or readings and for the wedding to be videoed.
This information is issued for general guidance and is not a complete statement of the law. For further information on any aspect of the formalities to, or the ceremony of marriage, please seek the advice of the
superintendent registrar at the local register office. The telephone number and address can be found in your local telephone directory under 'Registration of Births, Deaths and Marriages'.
HOW FAR IN ADVANCE MAY I MAKE A BOOKING?
A notice of marriage is valid for twelve months. However, you may be able to make an advance (provisional) booking with the superintendent registrar of the district where you wish to marry. The superintendent registrar will be able to give you more precise information on this.
Two unmarried people of opposite sex and at least 18 years of age are free to marry, provided they are not closely related members of the same family. Persons between the ages of 16 and 18 may marry under the same conditions, but with the written consent of their parents or other lawful guardians (or, in the final instance, of an English court of law. If the parents or guardians are overseas, their signatures should be witnessed by a notary or consular officer).
When giving notice of marriage, proof of identity is required in the form of a passport or birth certificate. Those who have been previously married will be required to produce documentary evidence of the death of their former spouse or of the dissolution of the marriage, in the form of a certified copy of a death certificate or divorce decree.
Under the Marriage Act, 1994, which came into effect in 1995, a marriage may take place in a place of religious worship, register office or public premises officially registered for marriages by the Registrar General for England and Wales. Civil marriages may now therefore occur in "seemly and dignified venues," such as stately homes, civic buildings or hotels (but not open-air venues) which have been officially registered for the purpose. Lists of such premises are available from the register office in the area of interest.
One of the following certificates is required for marriage to take place in a register office (the office of a Superintendent Registrar), a building approved for civil marriages or a place of religious worship registered for the solemnisation of marriages by the Registrar General. Although a period of residence is required in the district of registration, the marriage may take place at a venue in a different part of the country if it is specified at the time of registration.
Superintendent Registrar's Certificate
Both parties are required to give notice and must have been resident in the district where notice is given for the seven preceding days. A period of 21 clear days must then pass before the Superintendent Registrar can issue the certificate, after which the marriage can take place any time within twelve months.
Superintendent Registrar's Certificate and Licence
Although only one party is required to give notice, both must be in England or Wales on the day it is given. One of the parties must have resided in the registration district for 15 days immediately preceding the giving of notice. The notice must also specify the building in which the marriage is to take place. One clear day must pass before the Registrar can issue the certificate and licence, after which the marriage may take place any time within the following twelve months.
Further information about these procedures can be obtained from: General Register Office, P.O. Box 2, Southport, Merseyside PR8 2JD Tel: (0151) 471 4448
Church of England Ceremonies
A Church of England marriage may be solemnised after either of the preliminaries listed below:
The Publication of Banns
Application for the publication of banns should be made to the clergyman of the parish in which each party is resident. Banns must be published on three consecutive Sundays, after which the couple are free to marry at any time within three months.
This procedure dispenses with the need to have banns published. One of the parties must sign an affidavit that there is no legal impediment to the marriage and that one of the parties has been resident in the parish where the marriage will take place for at least fifteen days prior to the licence being issued. The marriage may then take place at any time within the next twelve months.
N.B. Church authorities advise that marriage in a Church of England between two foreigners or between a foreigner and a British subject should be by licence and not after banns.
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Meoline MEO+ heavy metals analyzer using traditional electrochemical analysis to measure real-time heavy metal concentrations from industrial discharge waters in ppb levels. We have developed the system in collaboration with industrial customers. We have new innovations in maintenance and reliability. The analyzer is especially tailored to work reliable in harsh and remote locations. Measurement can be also arranged to locations without electricity by utilizing solar panels and battery technology.
BENEFITS | REFERENCE
BENEFITS OUR CUSTOMERS
Cost efficiency We think that real-time monitoring is the best way towards optimized process control. Chemical usage can be done faster and the consumption can be optimized with real-time data and not by manual sampling and traditional laboratory analysis Environmental safety We all know that incidents occur and can cost a lot of money and may lead to environmental problems. Now the monitoring can be done automatically by real-time measurements even in harsh and remote locations. Early warning system alerts 24/7 automatically if limit values are exceeded. There is no need anymore up to 3 days delays.
We delivered two metal monitoring stations to Chile, Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Research Center Intihuasi, INIA. Monitoring stations are measuring in remote locations utilizing solar panels and batteries. Results are transferred to data service and can be read 24/7. http://www.portalfruticola.com/noticias/2016/03/11/tecnologia-europea-llega-a-chile-para-monitorear-calidad-de-aguas/ We have distributor in Nordic region for our concept. http://www.ehp-tekniikka.fi/?sl=en
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Osmanthus tea originated in China. Osmanthus is a flowering plant in the family Oleaceae, and its flowers grow in small panicles. They are also used in skincare and touted for its many health benefits.
Osmanthus tea is caffeine-free and has a floral and fruity aroma. Dried Osmanthus flower buds are used to make Osmanthus tea. You can have it plain or blend it with green, black, or oolong tea. It is used in herbal medicines to help mask any undesirable taste.
12 Benefits of Drinking Osmanthus Tea
Osmanthus tea is not only sweet and flavorful but has abundant health benefits. These are 12 Osmanthus tea benefits.
1. Reduces oxidative stress
According to a study published in the journal Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Osmanthus flowers reduce oxidative stress in animals. Osmanthus tea has a mild sedative effect, so it helps relax the mind, as well as improve brain function.
2. Reduces phlegm and stasis
According to another study published in the journal Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Osmanthus reduces phlegm and stasis in animals. Stasis is the slowdown or stoppage in the flow of blood and other body fluids.
3. May treat allergies
Osmanthus tea contains anti-allergic agents. It helps reduce congestion in the throat, as well as mucus caused by inflamed lungs.
4. May ease menstrual pain
Osmanthus tea may help reduce menstrual pain. It is beneficial to treat stomach aches and diarrhea. It also improves digestion, treats intestinal diseases, and reduces bloating and gas.
5. Detoxifying effect
Osmanthus flower tea helps your body get rid of toxins present in the kidneys and liver, and makes you feel fresh and energized. In Chinese medicine, it is used as a strong cleansing agent. It is helpful in treating issues related to the kidneys, liver, and the endocrine system.
6. Combats free radicals
According to a study published in the Journal of Functional Foods, osmanthus has a good amount of phenolic acid. Phenolic acid acts as a natural source of antioxidants. It combats free radicals that may cause cataracts or cell damage. Free radicals also cause chronic inflammation and cardiovascular diseases.
According to a review published in the journal Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, a diet rich in polyphenols reduces the risk of chronic diseases.
7. Prevents bad breath
Osmanthus tea prevents bad breath. You can use it as a mouthwash in the morning.
8. Suppresses appetite
According to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports, inhaling the aroma of osmanthus tea may curb your appetite. The fragrance of Osmanthus decreases the activity of appetite-stimulating brain chemicals. It also increases the activity of appetite-suppressing brain chemicals. Therefore, it may help curb binge eating and aid weight loss.
9. May help protect insulin-producing cells
According to an article published in the Journal of Natural Medicines, Osmanthus flowers have vitamin B3 in the form of niacinamide. This vitamin helps your body convert carbohydrates into energy. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, niacinamide may help protect insulin-producing cells in type-1 diabetics.
10. Benefits the skin and eyes
Osmanthus tea is good for enhancing eyesight. Regular consumption of the tea helps to moisturize the skin. Osmanthus tea also enhances skin tone and color. Some skincare products for topical application contain Osmanthus essential oil.
11. Provides vital nutrients
Osmanthus tea contains cobalt, selenium, manganese, and molybdenum. It contains trans-alpha-carotene, trans-beta-carotene, and neo-beta-carotene B. The tea relieves fatigue and prevents drowsiness.
12. Helps treat rheumatism
According to a study published in the Journal of Functional Foods, Osmanthus helps treat rheumatism. It also prevents platelet aggregation.
Traditional Chinese medicine, recommends osmanthus tea for pregnant women. However, it is always better to consult your doctor first if you want to drink it during pregnancy.
4 Healthy Osmanthus Tea Recipes
Osmanthus flowers have a concentrated flavor. You should add only a teaspoon of Osmanthus flowers to make Osmanthus tea. You can then increase the amount according to taste.
1. Simple Osmanthus Tea Recipe
- 1 teaspoon of dried osmanthus flowers
- 2 teaspoons of honey
- Boiling water
Put the dried Osmanthus flowers in a cup. Pour boiling water into the cup. Cover the cup and let the flowers steep for two to three minutes.
Add honey and stir. Serve.
2. Osmanthus Oolong Tea Recipe
- 5 grams of oolong tea
- 1 gram of dried osmanthus flowers
Rinse the oolong tea with hot water. Add it to a cup of hot water. Then, add few Osmanthus flowers.
Let it steep for three minutes. Stir and serve.
3. Osmanthus Black Milk Tea Recipe
This tea is a traditional drink in Taiwan.
- Tapioca pearls
- Osmanthus black tea
- Coconut milk
Prepare the tapioca pearls. Make the Osmanthus black tea in a pot. Add ¼ cup of hydrated tapioca pearls to the cup. Add ice and the prepared osmanthus black tea.
You can add sweetener and coconut milk according to taste.
4. Osmanthus Green Tea Recipe
- 5 grams of green tea
- 1 gram of osmanthus flower tea
Steep the green tea in hot water for three minutes. Pour the tea into a glass or cup. Then, sprinkle some Osmanthus flowers on top and let them steep for few minutes.
Drink it hot.
There can’t be a better way to get healthy while enjoying a cup of fragrant and flavorful Osmanthus tea.
- Is Green Tea Acidic? What Makes It Healthy?
- Chamomile Tea Benefits & Side Effects
- 15 Benefits of Barley Tea
Nor, N. H. M., et al., “Medicinal Herbals with Antiplatelet Properties Benefit in Coronary Atherothrombotic Diseases,” Thrombosis, March 14, 2016; doi: 10.1155/2016/5952910.
“Osmanthus Flower Tea Benefits and Side Effects,” Gyokuro Green Tea; http://www.gyokurotea.com/osmanthus-flower-tea-benefits-and-side-effects/, last accessed April 10, 2017.
“The Amazing Benefits of Osmanthus Flowers,” The Snow Fairy, May 27, 2013; http://www.thesnowfairy.com/the-amazing-benefits-of-osmanthus-flowers/.
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Search the Platform
Mapping of Management System Standards
ISO’s Annex SL provide a common clause structure, core text and definitions for most management system standards. However within these common clauses there are subtle differences.
This mapping document highlights the commonalities and differences between the following popular management system standards:
- ISO 9001:2015
- ISO 14001:2015
- ISO 27001:2013
- ISO 22301:2019
- ISO 45001:2018
Integrated Management Systems
Use this mapping document to help you create an integrated management system, combining the common elements in to single processes.
This mapping document provides headings only, so you should purchase the standards themselves in order to fully understand the requirements.
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A long time ago I read a book by W. Timothy Gallwey, a classic, called The Inner Game of Tennis. Since then he has written several other books like The Inner Game of Golf, The Inner Game of Work, The Inner Game of Stress, Inner Skiing, and even The Inner Game of Music.
Where am I going with this?
Well, in my mind, it just goes to show: the things we do, in sports and in life, start upstairs, in our minds. And, how we approach each task, each new thing we want to learn, how we want to run our lives, starts in our mind.
As Bobby Jones, champion golfer, said, “Competition is won or loss on the six-inch playing field between the ears.”
Since part of what I do in the fitness biz has to do with motivation, I have read a ton of books about motivation, habit change, productivity, focus, performance, positive psychology, willpower, and even happiness.
Often, I find promises like this one: “…learn how to stay focused, deal with adversity, stay motivated, avoid distractions, follow your dreams, live a life of purpose, and achieve excellence.”
I don’t know about you, but when I read that sort of thing, I get de-motivated! Seems that we are all supposed to be striving for our personal best, all the time. And, all you have to do is follow the formula, and you will be able to “create the ideal mental state that will allow you to rise to the next level and perform at your best…”
Instead, let me put this in front of you. I like the quote from Jack Nicklaus, who a lot of us know as the greatest golfer of all time. “The greatest and toughest art in golf is playing badly well.”
This reminds me that, when it comes to exercise and fitness, we often don’t show up feeling like we are at our peak. Or, we are tempted not to show up at all. Suppose we have aches and pains, are exhausted from caring for a loved one, have long work hours (plus commute), are trying to kick a cold or illness, or feel restricted for any number of reasons. What if your real reasons for wanting to keep fit are to avoid diseases like Alzheimer’s, a heart attack, or arthritis, not necessarily to strive for your personal best? Then what?
Here’s some thoughts about how to stay consistent with exercise that speak to hanging in and moving forward even if you feel like you are crawling toward some goal, and are not sure what it is! It’s about honing your own “Inner Game of Fitness”.
Re-examine your fundamental motivations and values related to wanting to get some exercise.
They do not have to be lofty. Maybe you just want to feel better, improve your health, or figure out good ways to work around things that may be holding you back. Connect with the knowledge that exercise and movement will do those things for you.
Take a good look at how you feel about exercise.
Often what we think it means to “get fit” is dictated by outside forces and information. It’s supposed to be fun, I am being forced to do it, it hurts, it will fix my unattractive body, I should do this because my doctor/spouse/friend said so, I need a great beach body. Chuck all that. Find your own reasons (see #1) that have compelling meaning for you, and stick with them.
Be open to learning some things about exercise.
Here are three reasons why this is important.
- First, when you connect with what you are doing and understand what it is doing for you, it becomes something that becomes part of you. You are not just forcing yourself to show up, or staying detached from the outcome.
- Second, it helps you to make choices around it. It puts you in charge, and you learn what is best for you, and what you are capable of. Think of it this way: instead of exercise coming from the world around you, learning changes you from the inside. This helps you make choices, and increases confidence in yourself. And, asking new questions keeps you interested and growing.
- Third, with knowledge, you can learn to slip more movement and exercise into your day. If you are up against it, and don’t have time to go to the gym or go through a whole DVD, you can pick a few things that you know will keep you going for now.
Find out what you enjoy.
If you are learning, curious, and asking new questions, it helps us to find out what you enjoy about exercise and fitness. That way, it becomes a reward, not a drudge or a “should”.
All together, using these as a guide for your mindset can keep you coming back for more in spite of distractions, challenging schedules, and other limitations. It’s your “Inner Game of Fitness”.
Feel free to drop me an email with your thoughts, as always.
© 2017-2020 Kristen Carter. All rights reserved.
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A high sensitivity inspection technique can companion with screening techniques to enable discovery of yield-critical defects for sooner characterization of new processes and additional defect reduction. 5G Technology 5G is bringing greater data speeds and decrease latency to the subsequent era of devices! Choose and rely on safe platforms that expedite your organization’s goals for ever better automobiles, trucks, engines, and extra. Explore the most important expertise trends impacting automotive producers and suppliers. Use and stay abreast of expertise related to being an automotive technician.
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Select A Carpentry Project
CARS has a forward-looking focus and offers a portal for automotive corporations and other industrial partners into auto-mobility analysis at Stanford. CARS handles the infrastructure of our group and hyperlinks to other on-campus labs and analysis teams within the mobility area. Wake Tech’s Automotive Systems program provides alternatives for specialised training with Audi, Ford, GM, Mercedes-Benz, Subaru and Toyota/Lexus. For more info, go to waketech.edu/automotive and waketech.edu/collisionrepair. Alex Tang, a 2019 graduate of Wake Tech’s automotive know-how program, spoke during this system.
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People with lived experience of homelessness are being offered jobs in the NHS as part of a new pilot project designed to break down the barriers of getting a job.
Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust (CNTW) has become the first NHS trust in England to recruit two healthcare social workers who were previously homeless under the new Access to Employment programme.
From just £3 per week
In total, seven NHS trusts across the country are participating in the new scheme, which aims to understand the systemic and individual reasons people are turned away from work.
“Many people felt having experience of being homeless meant there were barriers to them getting a job,” said Jan Rutherford, a social worker involved in the project. “The training helped to encourage and empower attendees and make them feel like they were employable.
“The experience has brought me to tears. It’s all down to the successful individuals. They had the ability, they just hadn’t been given the opportunity and we’ve been able to provide that.”
The trust worked with Groundswell, a UK charity creating solutions to end homelessness, on a training course that looked at people’s past experience and transferable skills.
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9.01.03 - Extension and knowledge exchange
The Extension Working Party first became active in 1994. Since that time it has grown to include over 400 members from about 70 countries throughout the world. A Working Party Directory is updated regularly. Paper copies are printed every other year, and are available from the Working Party Coordinator.
The objectives of the Working Party are as follows:
- To serve as a forum for information exchange among Extension forestry workers worldwide.
- To promote the concept of Extension through the transfer of knowldege and technology to improve the lives of people.
- To improve the quality, quantity, and effectiveness of Extension programs worldwide.
- To advance the quality and impact of research on Extension methodologies.
In 2002, the Extension Working Party conducted a terminology project. Click here to learn more about the results.
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Committee Chair: Holly Fluty Dempsey
The goal of the Middlesex Beach Landscaping Committee is to make our community more beautiful. Projects occur throughout the year and volunteers are always welcomed.
Plant your garden using native plants
What is a native plant? A native plant is one that originated and occurs naturally in a region. Non-native plants also may occur naturally but were introduced from another region. They survive without intervention and compete successfully with native plants. Native and non-native plants often occur side by side in natural stands. Only historical records can trace true origin.
Why landscape with native plants? Since native plants are indigenous in an area, they are ideally suited to grow in a similar habitat within the region. Having competed with other plants, native plants have proven themselves well adapted. Plants used in a landscape environment that is similar to their native habitat will grow with a minimum of maintenance. When appropriately placed in the landscape, native plants require less water and fewer pesticide applications. If native plants require pampering, the most likely reason is an unsuitable location.
Planting native species protects them from extinction. As land is developed, some native plants are pushed out of their natural habitats. The sensitive use of these plants in the landscape preserves them for all to appreciate.
Want to know more about Delaware Native Plants? Please download this list of trees and shrubs.
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Channel: Ahsan Hanif
Usul Al-Fiqh (Part 1) – This talk was given at the Green Lane Masjid on Feb 26, 2017.
© No part of this transcript may be copied or referenced or transmitted in any way whatsoever. Transcripts are auto-generated and thus will be be inaccurate. We are working on a system to allow volunteers to edit transcripts in a controlled system.
Salam aleikum wa rahmatullah wa barakato.
smilla rahmanir rahim al hamdu. lillahi wa Taala.
Want to stop?
When are we gonna be learning Sheree and fusina woman siata Marina
Mia De La La La La
La ilaha illAllah hora de Alessia Cara
de la ciudad de Mohammedan Mohammed Abdullah Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa ala alihi wa sahbihi wa seldom at the Sleeman kathira
nos Takahashi tabula eterna
Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wa sallam Mashallah
Hakuna Matata Hakuna Matata Hakuna Matata Latina
Welcome to this inshallah shortish kind of seminar that we're doing on this topic of this sense of Islam on a sort of
this is a series that we began last month. And we began with the sciences of the Koran. And just as a reminder for everyone, the purpose of this series is to give all of us an indication as to or a brief introduction to some of the various and most important sciences of Islam.
Often when we come to the Quran, and the Sunnah, and we come to the status of the scholars, and we come to how the scholars derive their rulings and formulate their opinions, and so on and so forth, most of us are at a loss with regards to the process that is taken by the squatters in reaching those opinions and giving those verdicts on those fatalities, even when the scholars come and they choose between the different opinions of the scholars and they choose which one they consider to be a stronger opinion, and so on. And so for all of those things that go on within our religion, most of us are at a loss, to explain the processes that go on behind the scenes. And those processes are
summed up by these different sciences inshallah, that we're going to study. Over the course of the next few months within the lightoller. Every month, we choose the different signs of Islam. And we condense it into a two three hour format, just to give you the basic understanding of the scope of the science in Islam.
And when I say that, it's something that we condense into a two or three hour format, it is literally a condensation, it is literally condensing the information and summarizing it into what is in our big goals column. It has just the bullet points that we cover of those sciences. And sometimes it is difficult when you come across a science that is vast, that the scholars often when they specialize in these fields, they study for not just years, but decades, it is difficult to come and then to condense all of that information into two hour format. So one of the things that I want to bring to everyone's attention and make clear is that the purpose of this
brief introduction is not to say that the science is as simple as I'm going to try to explain it to be, because we just want to take the basic points, we're going to take the headings, we're going to take some of the main bullet points, and that's all but in each and every single one of those headings. And for every single one of those bullet points, there is so much more information that can be given so much more knowledge that is on offer. So when scholars come and they study any of these sciences like also don't like the sciences of the Quran, like the science of any signs of Islam. It is for those people who are specialists in those fields a lifetime's work. It is something
that they spend years and decades specializing in and reading and studying before they get to a level where they consider themselves to be experts within that field. So bear in mind as we go through this that yes shala The purpose of this is to make an informative and the purpose of this is for you to have a
Over view and understanding of the science model entails. But at the same time, there is much, much more information and it goes far deeper than we will ever reach within this short seminar.
So today's shala seminar is on the signs, I will sooner or sooner.
And also, in fact, is one of those sciences that is extremely important in Islam, even though in English language is something which is very rarely discussed and studied. And one of the reasons behind that, and for that is because there is a very specialist science
is the science that tells you how to understand the texts, and the different sources of legislation that we have within our religion. When you come to the Quran, and you open the book of Allah Subhana Allah and you read the Quran, you're reading the verses, and perhaps you're reading the translation and you're reading the interpretation, you may even be reading a book of difficile. But in order to go to the Koran introduced rulings from it, derive rulings from it, things that you should do that Allah wants you to do to take from it, the legislation of our religion, the do's and the don'ts and what we generally call the Sharia. That is something that takes a lot of skill and effort. It's
something which requires knowledge not only of the Koran, but of many other sciences as well that will come and study and explain.
So that's what effect does. It is, in some ways, the precursor or the introductory step to fake fake is the rulings of Islam, the do's and don'ts in Salah that you pray like this, and you don't play like that in judo, you do a B, C, and D. And if you do X, Y and Zed, then it breaks your Salah is the practical rulings of our religion, in every single issue that we need those practical rulings to be pro sooner is the step before that. How did we arrive at those rulings? Where did we take them from? How can we deduce from the Quran whether something is obligatory or recommended, or something is haram and prohibited or something is disliked? How is it that we can do the same from the son of
the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam? Because understand and realize that in our religion, we don't divorce the sources of legislation one from another. We don't study the Quran in a box. And we don't study the Sunnah in a different box. And we keep them separate at all times. But rather than each one of the two complements the other, there are a whole, there are two pieces of a greater puzzle. So we always look at them and study them. And we look at the relationship between the two. And even then within the Quran. We don't study Surah Fatiha on its own and deduce his rulings as in Surah Baqarah on its own and sort of Iran on its own and Sauron is on its own. And every single one
of those 114 chapters of the Quran, we take them individually and study them on its own in seclusion, but rather the Quran again complements each other one another. Each Sora will have rulings that those rulings will be explained or abrogated, or added to or deduced from in another piece of the Quran. So therefore, the Quran complements one another. And one of the biggest dangers of our time, people that aren't well versed in the sciences that are unqualified to do this type of stuff. One of the biggest dangers that we have is when people study the Koran, or parts of the Quran and the Sunnah, in seclusion, they divorce it from the rest, they take a verse and study it on its
own, and they ignore the rest of the Quran. Or they take a hadith that comes to them from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, but they are oblivious as to the 10s of 1000s of other ahaadeeth that exist out there. So therefore, the ruling that you take from that one Hadeeth in no sooner, a scholar wouldn't just take that one Hadith, but he would study it in the context of the broader religion, what the rest of the Quran says, what the rest of the summoner says. And then not only that, but the understanding of the Quran and the Sunnah, that the companions had rather your love language, Marian, when they would come because they witnessed legislation. They were there at
the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. The command and mastery of the Arabic language was far greater than anyone that came after them. They saw and understood the context of the Quran and Sunnah because they realized when and why and how it was revealed, as we mentioned in our previous seminar in the sciences of the Quran, when we were studying Tafseer, and so on. The statements of the likes of Abdullah bin was rhodiola, Juan and others from amongst the companions concerning the Quran. The narrow single verse was revealed except that they knew when and where it was revealed and why it was revealed and how it was revealed and what the meaning of the verses
Mujahid Rahim Allah one of the greatest, most illustrious positive seal from the tab hearing from the students of the companions, and he is the former student of Abdullah bin Arbus from the Allahumma. He said that I went through
and revise the whole of the Quran with even a bass a number of times at the end of every verse, I would stop him and I would ask him concerning it. So that his knowledge of the Quran. So therefore those scholars when they come to Salt Lake won't just take the Koran as a whole and the sun as a whole, and see how it complements each other. But they will also go and take the understanding of those companions, and their students, those earliest followers of Islam. So as you can see already, just from this 345 minute introduction, the science of disorder is extremely vast. And that's why I said that people who are experts and qualified in the science and I'm not from amongst them, they
are people who dedicate decades of their life to this single science, and they study it from so many different aspects and so many different forms. But the purpose also of these seminars is to show you the importance of some of these sciences in Islam, our religion and from the blessing of Allah subhanho wa Taala upon every single one of us, even though most of us may not realize it, from the greatest blessings of Allah azza wa jal is how Allah has preserved this religion. Our religion is not just the Quran, or the Sunnah, meaning that you just go to those books, but you have no additional information or understanding, no way of understanding no principles and understanding
those texts. But alas, dogen has blessed this religion by giving it scholars that codify systemized, analyzed the whole of those texts, and they derive for us principles, which if we follow them, we can arrive at a similar understanding. And that's how we deduce the rulings there is a system to this. So today when you hear people with these factors that, for lack of a better word seem weird to us, people coming up with weird fatwas and rulings of Islam and things that we never heard of as Muslims our parents never heard of before. People coming up with these types of warnings, and they using verses of the Quran and they using Hadith of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam be people
for example, who support an extremist ideology. They try to justify the actions they use the Quran and the Sunnah. If you look at their texts in their books, they don't just pull from their minds, they will give you verses of the Quran and the Sunnah, when someone else comes and wants to distort this religion in a different way, make it liberal or change it in some other way. They will also use verses of the Quran and Hadith of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. But the one thing that will always be missing is that the understanding and application is incorrect. So the scholars who are qualified and well versed will look at it and they will notice nothing. Why? Because they can
see that the way that they used it, the logic behind it, the principles that they use, are faulty. They're not things that have been legislated within our religion. And that's why the sciences are extremely important. And that's why when you have qualified well versed scholars, who give their opinions and their fatwas in Islam, to respect them for that knowledge, is it is a part of our religion, it is rabada it is a means of worshipping Allah subhanho wa Taala and drawing closer to him, by offering those people your respect and your love, you may not necessarily agree with every single opinion, I may not necessarily take every single opinion of a scholar, but the respect of
that scholar still remains that scholar every opinion that they have may not be correct, and he will not be correct, because they are human, and they will make mistakes and they will. But the fact that they have reached that level of knowledge, where they have expended the efforts in arriving and ruling even if they may have been correct for one reason or another, they are incorrect, that respect still there for them. And that is why our Prophet told us sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, in which they had the Hakimi for our sub fellow agilon ye the
fella who a job in our religion, if a scholar who is well versed and qualified, expends the efforts they put in time and effort to arrive a ruling about the religion of Allah and they correct the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam that they have two rewards. And if they do the same thing, and they are incorrect, the first one is one that is incorrect. It's not accepted in Islam, they still have one new word, why? It is because they reach that level of knowledge where they're trying to arrive at the truth. Yes, they may earn they may make a mistake because they're human. But it's not because they had a bad intention. It's not because they were trying to distort the religion of
Allah. It's not because they were trying to call to some group or justify some haram action. They were genuinely of the opinion that this is correct, but they happen to be wrong. So allonzo agenda will still give them that reward that is the position of the scholars. So if that is the position that Allah has afforded them, Allah has given to them and there are countless verses in the Quran, numerous Hadith, in the Sunnah, that speak about the virtues of the true scholars of Islam and the
position that they have and the favor that they have over all of us, because of the efforts that they have expended in the in, in understanding this religion, if that is their position that Allah has given to them, then at the very least respect and love that we must afford them is no less than we will afford people like our own parents and others. So, the scholars of Islam when it comes to silver,
or silver is one of those sciences of Islam that is beautiful. It is amazing. And it's something which even in the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was being was being established by the prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam, and he was being practiced by his companions a lot, the Allahu anhu image Marian, also referred to as with every single sign from the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was not formulated, wasn't a science wasn't something which was known as a topic in and of itself. Like every other topic in the time of the prophet SAW Selim, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam will never come to his companions and say, today we're going to study to
seal today we're going to study Sierra, tomorrow we're going to do a pita. The next day, we're going to do solar feck, the day after that will study the sciences of headache if you wouldn't do this, because those terminologies and those sciences would be developed and systemized later on, systematically put together later on, in the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would teach, and he would advise, and he would tell people what they needed to know some of those issues with with regards to belief of either the belief of a Muslim in respects to their belief in Allah, the angels, the Yama, Yama, many of the issues, and
sometimes the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would speak to his people, the companions about the signs of Yama, Yama, a shout out to Sam, and sometimes he would speak to his community about the rulings that he needed. While we would call up today, because he saw that there's a problem. It is time when people have questions and they need a fatwa, they need a ruling. So depending on the situation, the profits on a lower they will send them what address that situation. or other times you would explain a verse of the Quran. Today, we would call it the seal. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would teach in this way and the companions would take that knowledge in the similar
way. And they themselves will teach in a similar way, they will teach and give that religion even though in the time of the companions, now scientists are becoming slightly more formulated,
and the seal and so on, they are beginning to be formulated during the time of the companions, and especially the younger companions, but in the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, the principles of those of those sciences and the foundations can be found. So in the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would practice elements of a soldier with his companions. And what a sword is essentially is it as equipping a scholar to be able to go back to the banana and the Sunnah, and produce rulings to derive the rulings of Allah subhanaw taala the rulings of Islam, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would equip his
companions in doing so because we know that there were companions during the time of the Prophet Solomon in his lifetime, who would give fatwa, they would teach people their religion, and they would give people Islamic legal rulings, not in the presence of the prophets on the law where it will sell them, because if the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is dead in his present, no one's going to go to any other companion. You're going to go back to the Prophet of Allah alayhi salatu wa sallam, but in his absence, they would go to companions like Abu Bakr radi Allahu Akbar, Amara man at the focal alpha rhodiola, one whom he married, they will companions like morality. bingeable
companions like Abdullah live in mushroom companions like our mother, Arusha, rhodiola, and her other companions, some of them in the lifetime of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and some of them after his death, who became well known as the scholars, amongst the companions, they were the most knowledgeable of the companions concerning Islam. So in the time of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam he would allow these companions to teach and to give rulings. He would allow them to give rulings, and he would establish the principle of that giving ruling, deducing rulings and giving rulings is something which is established. During his time. A woman came to the time to the
Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam towards the end of his life. And she said, O Messenger of Allah. If I come back to Medina, and I don't find you here, who should I go to? Meaning who do I go to next in terms of asking about religion, learning my religion getting fatwa? The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, If you come back and you don't find me, then go to Abu Bakr
Go to Abu Bakar that is a test here it is a qualification it is the recommendation, whatever term you want to give to it, but it is giving a MOBA karate along with that status that he is qualified. He has that position to be able to give fatwa. And we know that when Hydros first obligated in the ninth year of the hijra, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam didn't perform Hajj himself. He will perform. The year later in the 10th year of the Asia in the ninth year of the hegira. He sent Abubakar, the Allah one as the leader of Hajj as the Imam of the people to teach them the rulings of hedge. Now that means on a practical level, as all of you have done hedge or maybe even armor, I
know that there are always issues that come up during that time. You forget how many offs you made, how many circuits you made in power, you forgot that you weren't in a state of auto and you make off you're making stallion, you forget. There are so many issues that come up that require someone to say do this, do that don't do this. Don't do that. So Boubacar the loved one was given that position. That's a position of fatwa, because he is someone who has that ability, and that our understanding of the sources of Islam. He knows his religion for the long run. And that is why scholars like scheffel Islam in leukemia, Rahim Allah used to say that Abubakar on the long run was
the most knowledgeable of the companions. For the reason that he was selected to be the Imam of the people during Hajj, he was given that position, and hunters we know is one of the most difficult and most complicated issues and acts and rites of worship, in terms of the way that people deliver them.
So that is an example of a book rhodiola one is given that ability is given that permission. Another example, when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam after the Battle of exam, was going to go to bedroom or Eva Monterrey la was a tribe, a Jewish tribe that lived in Medina. But that tribe, they in the Battle of reserved in the trench, they broke their alliance with the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and they took the sight of the Confederate armies. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam after the Battle of the trench had finished gibreel alehissalaam came to the prophet SAW Selim and he said, Oh, Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam Why are you resting? Why is
your army taking off their battle armor? For we meaning the angels have not done so? The professor Selim said Why? He said, because we are going to go to bed.
So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to his companions, let's go to bed or Eva, and no one plays a song until we reach
the time of Assad was the next prayer. don't pray ourselves until you reach Allah. And this is something which you mentioned later one, because it applies to one of the segments of Sorrell. But just to show that the professor sent him enabled his companions to practice the science, don't press on until you get to know karela. So the companions left in the went towards bento karela, the time Ambassador came upon them, and they hadn't yet reached. So the companions amongst themselves because there was an army, the processor, Muslim president with all of them, a group of the companions who went with the processor limb, the different, some of them said that we're not going to play an ICER
until we get to Bernie or Eva, even though it is time for us on now. The time has come in, because that is the explicit command of the prophets on the law. Why do you sell them don't pray, until you get to know karela? others from amongst the companions said, No, we're going to pray because it's our sort of time. And when the prophet SAW Selim said, don't pray, what he meant was hastened Be quick Hurry up, get there before I saw didn't mean that if I saw comes in, don't pray. What he's trying to say is Hurry up so that by the time you're there, but obviously if that's what comes in, you pray, some of them pray, and some of them didn't pray. They arrived at Orion. They met the
Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and they informed him. And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam didn't say anything, didn't criticize those who prayed. And he didn't criticize those who didn't pray. Why, even though only one of them was right. Because when the processor Selim said, don't pray, until you get to banaba, he only meant one thing didn't mean both things. He only intended one of those two meanings. Either you only played Monopoly law, or hasten up Be quick Hurry, and if so comes pre wherever you are, but he didn't say anything to either of the two Why? Because both of them had a valid understanding. And they used a principle methodology and arriving
at their understanding. And that is what sort of fit in a nutshell. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would allow that so when it's something that you use principles in arrive to ruling and established methodology that that is bought or sold, on the profits on a lower it will sell them on the law with you
His time. So when the companions when he would send companions, like earlier on the alarm rang to Yemen, Abu Musashi to Yemen morale to Yemen, other companions to other places to call people to Islam, and he would say to them, how will you rule? How will you judge? They would say we will judge by the book of Allah. Okay? But if you don't find it in the book of Allah, we will go back to the Sunnah of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Okay, but if you didn't find it in the center, it's not something you heard from me, what will you do? They will say, we will use our HD hand, we will expand our efforts at reducing the ruling. And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would
agree to this, that they have to go because it's impossible, that every single issue that takes place in life, the professor would have spoken about everything. So in our time is we have banking, we have modern medicine, we have technology, we have finance, we have so many issues that today exists in contemporary forms, that never existed in the time of the Protestant we didn't even exist 100 years ago, let alone in the time of the early Muslims and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, how do you get those rulings? Therefore, that is
what we have in our religion is an established methodology, established principles. So a qualified scholar today can take those same principles that are found in the Quran and the Sunnah, and using them they can deduce a ruling for today. For a modern day issue. Seeds, Hillel says haraam seeds, dislikes is recommended, whatever the ruling may be, that is Suraj
and also the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam in a third example, to show that there has to be a methodology that is principled. One of the armies that the Prophet sent him sent out he sent out an expedition of, of companions and army.
And as they were traveling, one of the people in the army was injured after the battle. He was injured and they slept the army rested during the night. This particular companion who was injured and he had a serious injury, he had a wet dream during his sleep he had a wet dream. So he woke up in the state of major ritual impurity, Geneva, Geneva as you know, if you're in that state of major ritual impurity, you must take a loss of there is a ruling in Islam. But this companion is injured his his bleeding is had a serious wound. So he said to those companions that were with him, those those people in the army that is time for fudging I'm in the state of Geneva, do I need to make also
look Can I make tiamo they said to him or one from monster and said to him, that since we have water you must make although you must make muzzle so the companion made awesome. And he became even more ill his condition worsen, and he passed away. So the companions returned to Medina and they told the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam became extremely angry. And he said, concerning the companion who gave that ruling, why did he kill him? If he didn't know he should have asked? And that is a clear Hadith that says two things. Number one, that yes, you're allowed to give that ruling when the situation arises to make each the hard. It is something which
is legislated in Islam. But number two, it can only be done by people who are qualified and well versed. And if you don't know, you ask someone else. So the average Muslim me, you everyone else, when we don't know the ruling, we don't just open the Quran and think, Okay, let me figure out what the law says. Let me take the sun and figure out what the ruling is. We go to people who know and understand why because that's something which takes decades to study and to learn. So the prophets on a lower it was also established that principle, and that is the principle of asking those people of knowledge, if you don't know.
So the point is that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam allowed this during his time. And then after the death of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam the companions would continue in this regard. So because of the long run, if he had an issue that faced him that he never heard of before, hadn't come across before he would go back to the Quran. If there was nothing to be found in the Quran, he would gather the companions and ask them, did you hear of a Hadith of the Prophet sallallahu? Well, he will send them and if they hadn't heard, he would ask them for their opinions. Tell me what you think is the ruling. And then the companions would give a ruling, they would come
up with a factor and a ruling, or motto, the law one would do the same, but he would add a step, he will look at the Koran. He will look at the Sunnah of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. And he will look at the decrees of Abu Bakar on the long run the rulings that Abu Bakar gave, because he has a precedent now, someone who was before Him who preceded him who did something so if he did something, then you would accept it. And if not, then he would do the same thing. So the companions who came later on they would say, consent normal rhodiola one you
I would say to the students, that today you are hasty in giving fatwas. If this same issue was to have come to Omar, he would have gathered all of the people of Buddha, meaning the companions, the 300, odd companions, whoever was living from those companions that attended the Battle of Bhutan, if he wanted a new ruling, those are the people that he would gather, because they were the most senior, and the most knowledgeable of the companions of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. So they would expend all of these efforts. So the companions of the time and the time of, of, of the companions, the time of the companions, and then the students, they also practice to sort of ship
they would also practice with solar field. And from the time you have companions that were well known for giving fatwa and for teaching from amongst them is I'm delighted in our bass for the long run, whom I'm doing live in Hama, Arusha. Abdullah bin Massoud, and other companions as well as the four calibers obviously during the time, these companions were all known for giving fatwa for introducing rulings. During the time of the companions. The Muslim Empire expanded as we know, in the time of Ramadan, man earlier the Allahu anhu, the Muslim Empire expanded, and many people accepted Islam. And from those people that accepted Islam or people who were non Arabs, Persians,
Romans, other people of other ethnicity that didn't speak Arabic, Arabic wasn't their first language, it wasn't their mother tongue. So when these people started to accept Islam, and they came into the fold of Islam, now we had people who didn't understand Arabic, they couldn't just read the Quran and understand it the way that the companions of Mecca and Medina would understand it, by virtue of being Arabs, and so on and so forth. They couldn't just understand the Sunnah, because they weren't there for every single situation. They didn't understand every single context, and so on and so forth. So now you have people entering into Islam. Additionally, you also have people who
enter into Islam, that are really sincerely Muslim, they're hypocrites, or they're coming up with their own brand of Islam. So the emergence of new sects, the hawara, Tarawa, all of these people, towards the end, the latter time of the companions, and the major students of the companions, this is the era where you get those initial groups, those groups would come and they would use the Quran and the Sunnah also, to justify the ideologies. Then you also have a third problem. And that is that you have people who will fabricate a hadith lie upon the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, or people who are narrators of Hadith, but they're weak narrators. All of these different dynamics are
taking place. The companions are spread out across the Muslim Empire. And it's not like today where you can send WhatsApp, send emails to people, Facebook posts, and the whole world knows what's going on. You wouldn't be able to communicate until you travel or you met. So what you had was those companions establishing what they call their own madrassas. It's not a physical university or school, but it is the methodology of teaching and they call it a madrasa. So you have two main madrassas, we have the mother serve the people of hijas, which is Makkah and Medina. In modern day, Saudi Arabia, you have the companions that stayed there and continued to live their life up to live
in armor, like Abdullah basmati Allahu anhu mage Marine, these companions, they call our call the madrasa of anri Hadith. And Hadith means that they would give preference to narrations of anything else. Why? Because in Mecca and Medina, Islam is still strong. The scholarship of Islam is still strong. The companions are many in number, the bastions of Islam are still in Mecca and Medina, the students of the companions are many in number. Most of the people in Mecca, Medina are still Arabs, and they have the command of the eloquent Arabic language. They know each other. So if someone comes with the Hadith, because you're in Medina, and you only the second generation of Muslims, you say to
him, Who are you and where did you get it from? It's not very easy for him to make it up and say, oh, there's some companion that you've never heard of. But you can't say that to a companion. There's a companion that you don't even know. So it's difficult to fabricate Hadith. So you had the madrasa that used to give preference to narrations because it was easy for them. And then you had a second madrasa in Iraq, which is known as the mother of Allah right. And from amongst the companions, who are in Iraq, and were credited with that type of methodology is the famous illustrious companion, Abdullah bin Miss rhodiola. One, this purpose or the purpose of mentioning
this is not to say that one is greater than the other or those companions are better than others. We are more mature than having those types of discussions. But that is a fact of history, that those people in that part of the Muslim world combined.
like to live in Missouri rhodiola Juan and his students are hassled robustly and even Syrian and all of those tableting that would come and study with those companions and so on. They had some other issues and dynamics that they had to deal with. They were the ones who had to deal with all of the non Arabs were non Muslims. They were not Arabs, and they were Muslims. And they didn't have the command of the Arabic language. They were the ones who had to deal with all of these new ideologies that were emerging, they didn't emerge in Mecca and Medina, they emerged in places like Iraq, in Kufa and Basra and other places. They had to deal with people coming and fabricating Hadith for
whatever purpose and ambition and motivation that they had. You wouldn't get that in Mecca and Medina. So those followers and companions in Iraq, because they weren't shown, they didn't know who these people were, they knew Muslims, and so on and so forth. They are new to those lands themselves, those companions that are from those lands, these aren't their places, they would be more strict. When it came to accepting peoples and regions, they would have a stricter measure of accepting Hadith. Why? Because we all know that from the foundations of this religion, is that we respect the Hadith of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and it is one of the most sacred
things in our religion. And our Prophet told us a little while he was seldom men kazaa, barely yamata ammidon for the other woman, and now, Whosoever lies upon me intentionally, they let him take his seat in the fire of how that Hadith means, that if me and you even today, what was scribed to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam a hadith that he never said that he never did. That can't be authentically attributed to him, we are effectively lying upon him. But if it's a hadith that has no bearing, it's just a story. That's bad enough. But then if the Hadith has a practical element, someone takes a ruling and says, Now that's a part of Islam. And the Hadith is incorrect. It's a
lie, it's a fabrication. That means that everyone that acts upon the Hadith does so from a basis that is incorrect, it is inauthentic.
So those companions because of the water and their taqwa, their piety, the fear of Allah, they weren't just willing to take a hadith from any and every source. They were cautious when it came to that and they had a right to be so. So you had those two emerging madrassas from the scholars who came from those mothers we have in Medina and and obviously condensing the history of a solar effect. But we have the likes of Imam Malik and Medina Rahim Allah, a scholar who is known for anything He is known for Hadith. The motto is one of the earliest collections of Hadith that we have, even till today, a scholar known for his low preservation teaching of the son of the Prophet
sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, he followed the madhhab of our Hadith, because he was from the scholars of Medina and he took from the students of the likes of Ibn Ahmad Ibn Abbas, radi Allahu anhu missionary, and then in Medina, Sri and Iraq in the madrasa. Hello Roy, you have the great illustrious emman Abu hanifa Rahim Allah tada who will take from students of Eben Masaru rhodiola one. Both of those scholars as you know our illustrious scholars in our religion, both of them have their status within Islam. And both of them both to both of them we are indebted, as in the membership, allow us to see at about a memorable honey for everyone who comes after him is dependent
upon him. And we know about him america he mahalo. Remember Shafi was from his students, those scholars that would come after him American Emmanuel hanifa Imam Shafi anyway mathema than others, they would combine between the two, because by their time
it was easier to differentiate between weak and strong, the Hadith, the sciences of Hadith and the sciences of faith and everything else had become more developed, more established under scholars had more of a tradition of traveling amongst each other. So it was easier to know who's authentic in Newsweek, you could benefit from one another. Whereas in America him home loaded said that he never left Medina except to go and perform hajj and umrah. He only went to Mecca. And remember, we're hunting for him. Allah never travelled extensively to learn from different scholars of different regions, he would only go to Mecca and Medina again for the same purposes. So you have those two
great Metro cells. Both of them have their mummies at their virtues, you have those people who preserve the tradition of Hadith, but in in Iraq from the scholars the likes of remember hanifa. We also see the development of a surah using introducing and deriving principles from the Quran and authentic sadhana because they had to do that. And they had to rely upon that strategy, that methodology more than the scholars of Medina.
Prior to that time, the likes of Imam Shafi Nima mathema, those scholars that would come after remember hanifa Nima Malik and both Imam Abu hanifa
Imam Malik are from the scholars of that about 70. They are considered to be the third generation of Muslims. You have the companions, you have their students evenly remember honey from Allah, it's different over whether he saw some of the companions in young age and he said that he's so unassuming Malik which will make him from amongst the tabulating, but only by virtue of having seen him not by virtue of study, by virtue of study, they are both about tabulation. They are both from the students of the students of the companions of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, the third general, the third generation of Muslims. And the third generation is still a generation of Muslims
that has a great status in this religion because the Prophet Salim said the best of generations are my generation than those who came after them and then those who came after them. those first three generations, all of them have that virtue, the point being, but from their students, the students of Imam Abu hanifa, the students of Imam Malik Rahim Allah, we have the somewhat some extent the combination of those two madrassas, the merging of those two mother says, you know, I'm a chef in Oklahoma, we in many ways, and we'll speak about him now is credited as the father of a soldier. And I say that in inverted commas because obviously the science existed before him, and he was but he
was the first one who wrote a book in general. And he was the first one who systemized and formulated codify the science. So he's considered to be the father of a soldier. But he is a student of human medical human law. And he is also a student of one of the students I remember behind Eva Mohammed Ibrahim escena shibani Rahim Allah, Who the fatwa are many of the fetters of the Hanafi method are given by him and him as a student. Remember hanifa Imam Shafi Rahim Allah studied with both of those illustrious scholars, and a member of Sheffield Rahim Allah in His time, it has said that he was the first one who wrote a book of pseudo phip. There are different versions of how it
came to be him to write in this field of a silver phip. One of those versions of the story and the most perhaps the most popular one is that the horrific of the time one of the leaders of the time, he came to an Imam Shafi Rahim Allah and we're talking now about the ambassador dynasty, talking about the ambassador times the dolet la bassia. One of the one of the governors that he does, he came to Imam Shafi, and he said to him that we have a problem, whereby things on a codified, people are coming up with these fatwas and so on and so forth. And we don't know how and they don't know how to use the Quran and the Sunnah. They don't have a methodology, they don't know the principles.
So why don't you write something that would write and mentioned the principles of using the Quran and the Sunnah, how you derive rulings from it. So he wrote and he agreed that he wrote a one volume book that is called a reseller, or reseller, reseller means, the message right rissalah. And this book is still available today it is printed and many editions have been printed on it. You can buy it today, it is a one volume book. Obviously today, books in a sort of span 1012 1520 volumes. And remember Scheffer I'ma holla wrote something very summarized why, because the scholars of his time didn't need, you know, like long explanation. They were scholars themselves, but they just needed
something that they could use as a guidebook. So remember, Shafi Rahim, Allah wrote this, and it is called a reseller. And because of this, He is credited as being the father of a solar ship in this regard, he is the first one to write in it. And then scholars would come after him would write, in fact, some of them would just speak about a single topic of a solar eclipse, they are so rich man, they would only author on a single subject of a solar film, and other scholars would come on. And they would mention all of us together as a science as a complete science. It is in the fifth and sixth centuries of Islam, the fifth and sixth centuries of the hijra, that the signs of a super fit
would flourish, meaning that you have many scholars that would write in it, many scholars that would expand upon it and so on and so forth. So that is a brief introduction to the history of solar, solar.
Before we go on to what it covers the broad categories that it covers, what is it actually mean the temple solar? Well, silver is a combination of two words are soul and
the word soul is a plural in Arabic language, and its singular is awesome. And also, as a very quick translation would mean principle, by principle is the most common translation for the word awesome, which is the singular of the soul. And what it means in Arabic language, the definition of the word also, is anything which you build other things upon, like a foundation. You have the pillar of a house
The pillar of a building you build upon that there is something that keeps the structure up. Right? That is the meaning of
the word fit
in linguistically in the Arabic language means to understand what it means understanding. And Allah Subhana Allah says in the Quran
concerning the creation of Allah, other than the humans and the jinn, the birds and the plants and everything else. alaric xojo says that each and every single question of Allah praises and glorifies him, while a killer Akela, tough Kahuna to speak. The word for Hoon, comes from the same root word of
Allah is saying all of them glorify Allah, but you don't understand the glorification. That is the meaning of chuckling mystically to understand alhfam.
Technically, when we speak about fifth, what it means is to derive the practical rulings of Islam, from the sources of legislation to derive the practical rulings of Islam, from the sources of legislation. Where are those sources of legislation? How do you derive those rulings? What are even the rulings that you can have in Islam? That is suitable? That is what it does? So first, we'll give you the rulings. Why is this called or pseudo? Because there is the principles before? This tells you what are the sources of legislation? How do you derive them? How do you understand them and so on. And that is what you're sort of, broadly speaking covers four main categories. You know, pseudo,
you study four broad areas. The first of them are the sources of legislation. One in Islam, can we use as a delene as a proof as an evidence to say that Allah wants us to do something? I can't just turn up in the morning and say, You know what, actually, I feel I just feel that we should pray like this. When someone else comes and says, I dreamed last night, right? I had a dream that we should worship a lot in such a way. Are those valid sources of legislation in Islam? So what are the valid sources of legislation? That is the first category? What do we use as a source of legislation? Number two, from the sources of legislation, how do we derive the rulings? What do we look for? What
are the wordings and the terminology used in those sources of legislation that will tell us that this is a ruling. Why? Because as we know, the Quran and the Sunnah is not just rulings, the Quran has stories. The Quran speaks about Allah. The Quran mentions the names and attributes of Allah. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam speaks about his mannerisms, his characteristics, speaks about battles, speaks about history speaks about stories and examples and life issues and so on and so forth. We in scholars, as scholars have a solar fipple students of a solar fifth, we're not studying here in this science, the stories of the prophets of the past. So therefore, what are the words?
What are the indications? What are the terminologies that when we see them? We know this is a warning? This is what we look out for? That's the second thing. So what was the first thing?
Make sure you're awake? sources of legislation? Number two, is
the terminology right?
What are the wordings the terminology being used? in those sources of legislation? Number three, the third broad area are the rulings themselves. What are the rulings of establish? So what are the rulings that we find in the Quran? And the Sunnah, and other socialization that we'll speak about? What are and how many are those rulings? That's number three. And number four is the topic of each the head and top lead, which is who is qualified to deduce those rulings? who is qualified? So basically, the whole of this science is speaking about how to derive the rulings of the Sharia.
Two sources, where do you get them from? How do you derive them? What will be the end result? Meaning, you know, what are the rulings themselves? And who can do that? Right, who is qualified? And who is qualified? And what both groups do? Right? Those are the four broad areas that are studied in are sort of,
do we need to take a break? Or should we carry on I can carry on all the way Trisha, we can stop for five minutes and we can come back.
There's always the minority to speak and the majority just go with the flow, but it's normally the majority that are tired and the minority that are not
willing to speak about consensus. So okay,
so now what we're going to do inshallah, just to give you a brief overview, in the remaining time that we have, and I don't plan to go to 930
In Sharla, 24 to midnight, I plan to finish before inshallah, what we're going to do is give, take each one of those now four broad categories and speak about them and what they refer to. Okay. So, the first of those categories is the sources of legislation, the sources of legislation. So remember the four port categories, that is basically also warfare, right? I say basically, because as I said before, there is so much detail in each one of them. It goes on four volumes, but basically, it is those four broad categories that are being discussed. The sources of legislation in Islam are of three types, those that are agreed upon, everyone agrees that they are sources of legislation.
Number two, those that there is difference of opinion over but it is a slight week difference of opinion, the majority of scholars of Muslims have agreed to our source solicitation. And the third category is where there is a strong difference of opinion. Is it an acceptable source of legislation for us or is it not? That is basically
the three broad categories that you have the first category,
the sources of legislation that are agreed upon, there is no difference upon or it is completely agreed upon? Or two or three, right? I say two or three because some scholars said there is a slight difference of opinion in the third one.
The first of them is the Quran.
The Quran, the Quran by unanimous consensus, not even of the scholars of all Muslims, it is a source of legislation, and alaric xojo tells us as much in the Quran the Quran as we know is the speech of Allah, that he revealed to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam by way of jabril, ali Salim is the speech of Allah in word and in meaning that speech of Allah the Quran, so in the Quran is the speech of Allah, it is not just you know, the most half doesn't have to be in the book form to recite the verses of the Quran, you read them you pray, all of that is the Quran. So the urn, the Book of Allah Subhana Allah is a source of legislation a large soldier tells us in the Quran yeah
yohannes objet como Eva to murghab become a Shiva Lima pseudo well, who the word maternal meaning or people or mankind that has come to you from your Lord abor hana clear proof and he has come to a cure for what is in the hearts and that has come to you a guide and a mercy for the believers. So the panono la cosa guide Allah says that he can keep terrible, Lara Buffy toppin. This is the book in which there is no doubt what is it? It is a
guide for the Mottaki right. So the Quran is called by the canal as guide, a guide guidance. Allah says maharatna flipkey Terbium in shape. We haven't missed anything out from this Quran meaning everything that you need to know it is contained within the Quran. So the urn is a source of legislation, by default by each man of the scholars of Islam. And the Quran is mutawatir. It isn't something in which there is any doubt. It is something that the scholars have all agreed upon unanimously. And it is something which has been preserved by a law as a law says in the national agenda, or in the law one indeed we have revealed to the Koran, and we have preserved it. What does
that mean? It means that no two Muslims can come and differ over the wording of the Quran. I can't come and say actually is not radical Kitab which has Al Kitab. can do that. Why? Because it is written and preserved. And because millions of Muslims across the world have memorized it. And they memorize it from generation to generation. And many of those people who have memorized the Quran, they have a standard. They have a chain of narration where everyone between them and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is mentioned by name. I have one such Senate. So a senate ism is a chain of narration from you all the way back to the prophets of Allah mentioning every single person
between you and him, that you took around in the way that it is correct and that is something unique to this religion. It is also one of the ways that a law preserved this religion and the Quran. So the on earth is unanimously agreed upon, it is impossible for two Muslims or a group of Muslims or group of people Muslim or non Muslim to come together and to change the Koran because it is so well preserved. Now we can have differences over some understanding of those verses and as I said, there are methodologies to understand the Quran. But even come and say means a B, C and D that's a different issue. There are methodologies for that but that is a different thing. So the pattern is
preserved and it is moto Moto, moto moto mean it is has been narrated by so many people and we
by so many that it is impossible to change. It is impossible for those people to collude and to lie. So they are on the book of Allah azza wa jal is a source of legislation Meaning what? That if something is found in the Koran, it is sufficient as evidence. It is a proof. If you find in the Quran that Allah says, do something, or don't do something, and we're coming to what that means do and don't let the part of the terminology and wording but basically speaking, when Allah says do something or don't do something, that means that we do it, we don't do it, because the Quran is sufficient for us. So when Allah says in the Quran, Aki masala and someone else comes and says, I
had a dream, that instead of praying the way that we play Salah, I saw in a dream that instead we jump up and down five times, which one are we going to take?
You don't say I'm sure that's a problem.
We're going to take the Quran, right? Obviously, we're going to take the Quran. So that is because the Quran is a source of legislation. That's what it means the source of legislation, everything found in the Quran is sufficient for us to take and to practices our religion.
The point of this study of sources of legislation, why do we keep and you hear some people like they keep going on about this deal, then why why do we need evidences and proofs, and so on and so forth. The whole point of this is because every single person on your multi ama, when you stand in front of a law, normal piano, you will be asked how you worship a lot and why you worship Him in that way alone will hold you to account for your deeds. So when you stand in front of a lion, you say, Oh Allah, I did this because you said, do this, I found it in the Koran that is sufficient. That is sufficient for you to absolve yourself of responsibility in front of Allah. But if you stand in
front of a lion, you say a lot is because I had a dream our lives because the man came from the desert and said something I don't know who he was, or something else, that's not a source of legislation. I had my fortune told to me, a soothsayer came to me, a poet's know. So a source of legislation means that in front of a law on human piano, it is valid as proof that you what you did was correct and pleasing to Allah subhanho wa Taala. So, that is the first source of legislation and as we said, it is agreed upon there is no difference about it. The second source of legislation,
before we go into detail, let me just mention the the ones that the scholars agreed upon and so on and so forth. So, the ones that the scholars agreed upon that there is a difference of opinion upon that it is a social decision, number one, number one, number two, the sooner the sooner the apostle sermon will go into the detail concerning that the student of the profit center and number three is each mal consensus. Now, there is a slight difference of opinion, like some scholars had about some issues of judgment and so on. But an Allah knows best It is something which scholars have agreed upon. It is something which is from the first category. And each marriage means the consensus, the
unanimous agreement of the scholars, right, not of the Muslims of the scholars, and we'll come on to that in detail as well. The second category of legislation and sources of legislation is that in which there is a slight difference of opinion, small difference of opinion, but the majority of scholars accepted and that is basically LPs, Bs, Bs because the majority of scholars accepted, but when we speak about we will speak about there being a slight difference of opinion. The third category in which the sponsor is different. And what I mean by this follows different is even amongst the four main schools have checked the format hubs. There are differences of opinion over
this issue. Those are the ones that fall in the third category, and they are all the other sources of legislation and we'll speak about them. Like for example, the statements of companions, like for example, the previous Sharia as before, our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam like for example, and Masada Mercer are looking for the overwhelming benefits, these things that we will mention inshallah briefly, they are the ones that the scholars differ on. Those are the three categories. So going back to it in some more detail, the Quran we discussed. The second one that the scholars agreed upon is the sooner the sooner the profits on a lot more it will sell.
Sooner in the Arabic language means a path or away the path or the way the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said using the linguistic meaning of sooner, Manson nothing. Islam is sooner than Hashanah. Whosoever establishes in Islam, a good practice a good way a good path, he will have the reward of it, and everyone who follows them in it. Right? That's what sadhana means linguistically. You do something good. It's to set an example is to it's a path. It's a way
in the Sharia technically it means the statements, the actions and the tacit approval of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam in a super fit that is the definition
If you were to study this from a hadith point of view, the scholars of Hadith would include also his characteristics, his mannerisms, the way he looked, and so on. But also, what is it about? It's about practical rulings. So the way the professor looked, his mannerisms and so on, have no practical element to it in the sense of Hello Hara, yes, they are soon, yes, there is part of his life, he has something that we need to learn and emulate and so on. But that's a different issue will still reflect is about practical rulings, do's and don'ts. So what we're concerned with and what the scholars have defined, the sooner to be meaning the part of the Sunnah, that they are
interested in are the statements, the actions and approvals of the profits on a level are the was
the word so now obviously, also means has another meaning, which we will discuss when we speak about the rulings of Islam, and that is that it means highly recommended, right? means something sometimes say this action is a tsunami that is recommended. That's the terminology of a ruling. That's a different thing. So leave that to the side, right. Another understanding of sin is that it is the opposite of bizarre, right? You have tsunami of data. But that's more on RP the issue. So again, that's something which we will leave to the side. So some, as a source of legislation, the statements the actions that has to prove that the profits on the long run, he was in it. So his
statement is like the majority of the sooner right, much of the sooner his statements in MLR mailloux been yet the process of him said your actions are judged by intention. The hurry that we mentioned already, were realized intentionally upon me will take the seat in the fire. All of these are statements when the open body Muslim, any book of Hadith, the hadith of nowhere. In any book of Hadith, you will find that much of the sooner is what it is the statements of the prophets are seldom his actions. His actions are those things that the companions told us, they related to us, that it's something that he did. He didn't see it, it's something that he did, the way the process
of selling them pray, the way he performed Hajj, the way he would eat, the way he would drink the way he would go to the bathroom, so on and so forth. A common common law. All of these are actions of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam, and they also form part of the Sunnah. The third is his approval. Approval means that something is done in his presence. He didn't say anything. And he didn't perform the action himself. But he stayed silent and he gave his approval. Why? Because the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was sent by Allah as a guide, and he was sent by Allah to clarify the truth from falsehood. So when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam sees something in
front of him, that is happening and it is wrong and incorrect, he must speak out. He must, it is an obligation upon him. He can't stay silent. So if someone is doing something wrong, and it's against Islam, it goes against the shehryar the process and unconscious sit there and think, Oh, it's okay I'll do it next time or I'll mention another time or I won't say anything, or maybe I'll hurt someone's feelings and that's why you often get Hadith well what happens? Someone comes and says, Oh messenger of Allah, such and such happen. So the process of selling goes to the machine stands on the minbar calls the community and says why does so and so do such and such a thing? Why because he
must tell the people what to do. Allah says in the Quran, yeah, you heard rasuluh building mountains in a in a coma Robic or inland turfan. former military salata Oh messenger, convey the message to the people on alarm system, convey the message to the people and if you do not do so, you have not conveyed the message of Islam. He must convey at the time when that issue takes place. So the fact that the officer seldom sees something and doesn't say anything, what does that mean? It means that it is a part of this religion. For example, the profits on a low while he was selling was sitting with his companions in Medina, and some of them bought a desert lizard. The Bob abab is a desert
lizard that lives in the desert even till today. Like when I was a student in Medina, you can go to the deserts of Medina and you can find these lizards running around they're called the dog.
Those companions went and they killed the Bob the sacrifice started it they bought it back and they were eating it. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam didn't want to eat it, because he wasn't from Medina and he didn't eat that type of food that doesn't lizard, but he saw companions like holiday deliveries rhodiola, one another's eating from it. And he didn't say anything. What does that mean? That the desert lizard in his in Islam? What type of food? Hello. That's what it means. Right? Because he gave his approval if it was haram could the professor have sat down and said nothing. And let them eat? No. He would have had to say stop. This is wrong.
So that is the approval of the prophets of Allah when it comes to the Sunnah of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam in the scholars have sort of come to it. They divided into a number of they look at it from a number of angles. Number one is the first angle that they look at it from is by its narrators, by the number of incinerators, how was it narrated to us how many people narrated that sooner to us, and this is also the study of Hadith. So in sha Allah, if Allah gives us the ability in the future, and we do a short seminar on the sciences of Hadith, much of this will be covered more in detail, because there is the science of Hadith. But this shows you what does it show
you already there in a solar flare? We already spoke about the Quran, so Salah was super fit has to be qualified to a competent level in the Quran. And now we're speaking about Sunnah and Hadith, which means what the responsible surah has to be what? competent to a certain level in Hadith, right? Islam God as part of a soldier, being a specialist in Koran, but they don't have a clue of Hadith. obvious.
Because both are sources of legislation that they need to know. So we're going to cover some of these things briefly and won't go into too much detail. The first thing is how is a Hadeeth?
How is the How do you categorize in terms of the number of narrators, the narrated to us, which is basically Water, water or hot water, water, as we mentioned, like the Quran, so many people read this Hadith, that it's something that can be no difference of opinion on something that everyone agreed it is more or less impossible for all of them to have come together and collude. 60 7080 companions to read something 7080 companions for all of them to come together and have the same lie. Exactly contradict No, it's more or less impossible to take please. It is impossible. That is called mutawatir. There are details when we come studied science of Hadith, what is the minimum level of
water what all of that stuff is a different science, but the scalable solar field would have to know that stuff. The second category is our had anything below the level of mutawatir is called a HUD, HUD it was only mentioned by one Morita by two by three that is called a HUD, right? So those are that is an angle of Hadith that the scholar of a surah must consider. Another angle of Hadith is the authenticity of the Hadith. Is the Hadith authentic or not, because for it to be a source of legislation, which Sunnah is it that we're referring to that is a source of legislation. It is authentic sooner, because what isn't authentic isn't considered to be the Sunnah. Anyway, it may be
called Hadith and it may be mentioned the books of Hadith and so on, but it is not called the Sunnah, because there is not the action or the statement of the approval of the Prophet Selim. Because he never did it will set it or approved it right, it is weak. So therefore, the scholars of Sauron felt like the scholars of Hadith also must look at the grading of the Hadith. Is it authentic, and authentic hadith means that a person who narrated it was someone who is trustworthy in their religion, who's good in their memory, precise in their recall, and they inherited from someone similar to themselves all the way back to the prophets of seldom and there are no defects or
any other hidden issues within the headings, it is a whole science and inshallah if we come to it, you will see that in itself, it is something that is in itself something which is amazing, but the point being here, that that is the definition of a Sahih Hadith. So when in the moment Buhari Imam Muslim, all of these scholars of Hadith they have these books called Sahih. This is what they are looking for. Below that you have another acceptable level of Hadith which is called Hasson and Hasson means, again, that that person is a scholar, a narrator that is good in their religion, trustworthy justice, and so on and so forth. But in the, in the position of memory in the recall,
they are slightly less, they make mistakes here and there, they may forget here and there, not so much that they're going to mix the palate and so on. But on occasion, they may be slight weaknesses in their memory that had eath is called hassane. And everything below that is weak and weak. The weak Hadith or bereave. Hadith is of many, many categories and many, many types. But that's something that all of us will also look at. The other thing that the scholar of assorted will also look at
how the iron and the sooner relate with one another.
So as I said at the beginning, the four hour isn't taken in isolation and the sun isn't taken in isolation. So now that you have these two sources of legislation, you have the Quran and the Sunnah the scholar was
must have sufficient knowledge and oversight of the Koran and sufficient knowledge and oversight of the Sunnah to see how the to complement one another. Does one abrogate the other or contradict the other
Does one explain the other? Does one contradict what does the Quran and Sunnah? How do they complement one another? So that doesn't mean so that means practically speaking that a spell of a super fit, wouldn't just have read the whole body. Because they had Bukhari is a very small element of all of the sciences, all of the books of Hadith is only one book. So a scholar of Hadith must have studied and read extensively, the books of Hadith to know that when it comes to a ruling, there's not some Heidi 30 mister that actually would cancel out the Hadith, or will explain the verse of the Quran in a different way. Right? That's what it means. So when a large soldier says
pray in the Quran, what is the description of that prayer going to be found? It's going to be found in the Sunnah. But is that going to be found only in one Hadith and the Sunnah? Is every element of the description of the prayer only found in one Hadith, or are the many howdy to speak about this? There are many hats, right? So therefore, the scholar will soon or must have sufficient oversight of these sources, and be able to go through them, there are issues
that we're not going to go into. But there are issues for example, concerning you know, what kind of had Hadeeth you can use. And so this is a different issue that goes into the details and so on. But if you're interested in this, and that is a more advanced level of study that I would recommend that you go and do in a different format.
Also, what the scholars of Hadith scholars have a suitor fifth will do when it comes to the Sunnah, and especially when it comes to the actions of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, because the statements are easier statements that tells you do this, don't do that. But the actions are slightly more open to interpretation. The scholars must categorize the actions of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, into what were his normal customs and habits. What was special for him there from his associates, there are particular for him special for him. And what is similar for everyone. So for example, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam used to dress in a certain way, he would wear
head coverings in a certain way. He lived and slept in a certain way, because that was the custom of his people and the custom of his time. those actions are the things that we must do. so must we today in 2017, in Birmingham, dress the way that the prophet will send them dressed? Is that a Sunnah? That's something that scholars will look at, right? So is that a certain meaning in the sense that is it something that we must apply? Right? That's what we mean when we say is it too soon? So therefore, that's something that the sparrows look at, what are those things that the prophet SAW Selim did that are special to him? Only for him, they are special to him. So for
example, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam never used to miss the homily. Every night, he prayed the night prayer to the Spanish say that it was an obligation upon him. So if it's an obligation for the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, is there an obligation for me and you?
Is it obligatory for us to pay to emulate? No, right? Because most of us, frankly, don't pay families every night, right? So it's not an obligation upon us to really emulate. But it's something that the professor did every night. So why is it not obligatory for us and obligatory for him? How did we make that distinction? Where did we get that from? Why is he got a ruling and we have a ruling? We know that the professor Sela married how many wives
11 wives, he married 11 wives, if he married 11 wives, what is the Quran say you can't marry more than four wives. How is that special for him? What made it special for him? That is an action of the process. And so to define and categorize and, and determine which category unfolds in that is also something that the spouse of a soldier will do. And then the rest of his thunder, that we actually have to follow that it's a sooner for us to follow as recommended, or it's an obligatory part of it sooner that we must follow, right? because not everything in the Quran is obligatory and everything in the Sunnah is recommended. You have both here and there. So that's something else the scholars
would also look at. So this is something which the scholars do so basically, therefore, when the scholars studied the student in this regard, they join it with the Quran, they categorize the look the you know, the analyze and so on. And then they look at the rulings, right, what is it that made the Quran for example, the prophet SAW Selim, Miss Pamela, every night before us we didn't have to, because we know that there is a hadith where the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam wouldn't pray
in congregation with his companions every night. And he said to them, that the reason why is because I fear if we do so Allah will make it obligatory. And if he does, so, you won't be able to mean the oma won't be able to perform it. So now we understand by taking the comprehensive overview of the Quran and Sunnah we know that
For that action must have been specific for the prophets of Allah. The prophet SAW Selim would often fast and he wouldn't break his fast, and he would carry on fasting to the next day without eating or drinking. But we need a new slot allowed for us to that we saw is haram for us. We can't without intention. We can't just keep fasting days on end without eating and drinking. But he would do it and it's authentically reported that he did it. Why isn't enough for us? Because there is a hadith where the Prophet Salim said don't do so. Indeed, my lord feeds me and nourishes me. So this is what the scholars do. They combine the compliment, they look the Analyze, and they do all of this in the
Quran and the Sunnah. That's the second source of this. The third source of legislation is h Ma. It means the consensus of them which the head does all those who can make each the hand the scholars who are qualified to derive rulings, they are called much the hit those spoilers, it is there consensus or a particular time over an issue in any given time, when all of the Muslim scholars come together, and they agree upon a ruling, that is for each man, the qualified scholars, not all of the Muslims, not only the one mil billion plus Muslims across the world have to be consulted, it is the scholars, they have to come and they have to say yes or no or whatever it may be. And that becomes
then each mouth. And the Prophet told us on Allah where it was tell him that this is a source of legislation, because he said, learn to tell me your own material about Allah, my alma will never unite upon misguidance. So when the oma unites upon something, it cannot be misguidance it cannot be misguidance because the Prophet Solomon said that and we know generally from speaking within our religion, studying it, that unity is a principle of Islam. Generally speaking, even though it is hard to achieve in many formats and settings. It is an ideal of Islam, that we aspire to, to have unity, right. So unity, and each map is something which is a source of legislation.
The Jamaat is of two types is Martin sorry, and each mazzucco t, H Ma, which is explicit. So the scholars come together and this is rare, by the way that all of the scholars came together. And they all each one of them openly said that this is my opinion, and they all happen to agree. That's rare that all of the scholars would come and like you know, a voting system like Parliament where they all have to, like actually give a vote. That's not how it used to work. But that is a type of rich man. The second type of rich man and the more common one that is referred to is college master code, the silent era. What does that mean? It means for example, that in Medina Armada, the Allahu Akbar
gave a verdict, he gave a ruling, and no companion went against him. No companion said anything to the contrary, no companion said no is wrong. No companion said no, actually, there's another way of doing this. No companion said no, there's a verse of the Quran that is misunderstood. Well, there's a Hadith of the Prophet Selim that never he never came across. They didn't say anything. So he became each Matt support is silent, each man that is called each man, right, and this is the more common one of each man. So when we say for example, that Salah is you know, like praying or praying family, it is highly recommended by each man. What does that mean by age map doesn't mean that every
scholar from amongst the companions or every companion, every scholar of Islam, physically, you know, recorded and said and wrote down the research map. It means that scholars said this, and it was known that scholars have this opinion and no one ever went to Kingston, that is called each map.
That is the third, the third source of legislation, and it is as we said, something established in the Quran and in the Sunnah of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. There is a type of rich man, a third type of rich man that is particular to the school of the Maliki's, the Maliki rahima, whom Allah, Allah Malik and others, his students, the Maliki Mata has a special type of rich man that they refer to pull each man of Abdul Medina is many of the people of Medina What does that mean? It means that from the time of Imam Malik and before, so not after, not today, right, there's not actually even in Medina, but the amount of Medina is Imam Malik and those who came before him, the
previous generations of Muslims from the time of the prophet SAW Selim to Mr. Malik, who as we said is the third generation of Muslims in Medina, if they all agreed upon something, he would consider it to be a form of valid HTML. Even if everyone else just said we didn't Mecca in, in Khufu, in other parts of the Muslim world, he would say because Medina is what
the source of legislation where the professor Lim lived, where the companions were based, where the whole effect mostly work. So the scholars they are the most knowledgeable the companions with Islam was preserved in Medina and from the signs of Yeoman opium is that the man will return to Medina and so on and so forth. So it is each man. He This is particularly to the Americans, no other school of Islamic
Law. No other scholars from outside of the molecules accepted this as a valid form of which matter, but it is something which he mentioned and he believed in Rocky Mahalo to Allah. So it's something that I will mention the fourth source of legislation. And this is the one in which there is a slight difference of opinion is called LTS. lts means analogy. to deduce you using your analogy, a ruling of Islam. And LTS is the one that there is a slight difference of opinion on the four schools of Islamic law the four mainstream ones the mannequins the Hanafi is the Shafi is the Henry's and many other scholars in from outside them accepted the law Hiriya, which is also a school of Islamic law,
the Valkyries, they rejected BS. They said, No, you only go to the Quran and Sunnah. If it's not mentioned there, you don't go to anything else. But most of the spirits allow it and it's allowed and it is correct, because it is something which the prophets on the lower it will send them around, as we mentioned at the beginning, when they gave those examples when the companions would leave, and they would go to him and they would make he had when the companions were going to burn oil and they had to pay so they immediately had this is all to us. What is the STS is that there is a ruling already established in the Quran and Sunnah. And then you have an issue in which there is no ruling.
But there is a combined element between the two there is an overlap. And because of the two you take the ruling of the first and you apply to the second, let me give you an example. In the rebel interest, where do we have rebel? The Prophet total sallallahu alayhi wa sallam available visible football to Bill football. In gold for gold, and silver for silver, there is interest, meaning if I give you 10 pounds, or 10 kilograms of gold to borrow how much must you give me back? 10? Can you give me nine? No. Can you give me 11? No. Why? Because it is ribbon. The head it says gold and silver. Right? So today in modern times a scholar would come and say well, frankly, Norman uses gold
and silver to trade anymore, right? We don't buy anything gold and silver. And as Mashallah you do the vast majority of us don't use long pounds real dollars rupees, whatever you use, you use a modern day currency, the head, it doesn't say pounds, four pounds. dollars, it says gold and silver. But what is the reasoning behind gold and silver, they were what trading currencies. So today we have other forms of trading currencies, the US is taking the ruling, because there is a combined element that's a trading currency. And today pounds are a trading currency. So you look at the overlapping element. And because they match, you take that ruling, and you apply it here. And that
is something which is which takes obviously qualification and it takes, you know, dedication and knowledge and so on. But it is extremely important in Islam. Because the vast majority of modern the issues that we have, they didn't exist in the time of the prophet or seldom. So if we had to have explicit narrations were everything you wouldn't know. You wouldn't know, because injections didn't exist in them. You know, like insulin didn't exist in the transformer banks didn't exist, home ownership schemes didn't exist, traveling by aeroplanes. There's like, this microphone didn't exist. So therefore, what is it that we do? for the vast majority of these issues? We make prs. And I don't
mean we, I mean, the scholars may be us, right. And they will say this is this. So this is basically the meaning of PR. So in the US, you have the also the ruling, you have the new issue, you have a combined element, and you take the ruling, and you apply it from one to the other. And that's why in this issue that can also be a difference of opinion among scholars, because it is something which the scholars will differ over is it matching or not? Is there enough elements of overlap in the issue or not? This is why the scholars differ in these issues, and a large soldier knows best.
So these are the four ones that I would say even though there is some difference of opinion in the last one, they are more or less accepted by the vast majority of scholars and today in our time, there are more or less accepted by all of the scholars of our time. Because the VA hitting your man's head doesn't have many, many followers after that time didn't have many followers, but from amongst the most famous policies even hasm Rahim Allah, Allah the Great scholar, he has a whole book about how the US isn't valid in Islam. But anyway, we come into this category of legislation in which there is much difference of opinion,
whether schools, schools of Islamic law, even the four main ones amongst themselves, the different and that is over a number of sources of legislation. I will mention them like somewhat quickly because we're running short of time and we're still on the first broad category. The first of them is a statement of a companion, Polo Sahabi. The opinions of the companions are the valid sources of legislation in our religion. What do we mean when we say
The opinions of the companions, what are we referring to? We're not referring to those issues that the companions spoke about, that they had, must have taken from the prophecies seldom. So when the companion speaks about, for example, an element of the unseen, the companion would never have spoken about that unless they heard it from the processor. Because the competitors don't speak about elements of the unseen from themselves. So that's not what we're referring to. We're not referring to either the HMS Ducati that the companion had an opinion and it became well known, like Armada said something and all of the companions heard of it, and they all accepted it. That's a huge amount
of security, or it's something else. It is not the opinion polls, Sahabi that will refer him to here. Nor is it something where the companion had an opinion. And we know the other companions different. One companion audio, the alarm said something disagreed, had a different opinion, and they had their own evidence had been our best at something, it must have disagreed. That's also what we're referring to, because now, there is a difference of opinion amongst the companions themselves. So you can't use one opinion over the other. What we are referring to, therefore, is whether the companion has an opinion, but it didn't become very famous and well known. And so therefore, there
weren't many people or anyone that we know of that went against it. That type of opinion. Is that accepted as a source of legislation? The majority of the scholars said yes. And Lima Shafi Rahim, Allah said no.
So if the companion says something he gave a ruling didn't become well known. And it wasn't something that was well known, even amongst other companions. So therefore, no one really went against it, because there wasn't one note is that something which is a valid source of legislation? This is something which the scholars differ over. Okay. And the majority of this fellow said, Yes. And they said, because the professor seldom said, Hey, don't ask me the best of people or my generation. So he implicitly gave them or explicitly gave them a test and a recommendation. The second source of legislation that the scholars also different over is Sharon Roman pub, Lana, that
the legislation and the shut er of previous nations, the legislation of the profit use of silly man moves, there is a Brahim alima Salatu was Salam. If they are mentioned to us, either in the Quran or in the Sunnah. Is it something that we can take and apply? This is of three categories. Number one, that whichever Sharia has agreed with me, no, it's part of our religion because the Quran and the Sunnah tell us that they are anyway. For example, when the law says put the barley como cM kamakoti ban and levena mean publico, fasting is obligatory upon you, as it was obligatory upon those who came before you. Do we accept that? Yes. Why not? Because it's something mentioned in our religion
itself tells us that we must fast right. But it's something that is found before in other Sharia ours as well before us. The second type is what the Sharia doesn't agree with explicitly rejects. So for example, amongst some of the shadows of the profits of Minnesota Eagle, their people were able to benefit from the fact of their cattle, they couldn't eat the fat and benefit from it. Sanyo meat and in your clothes, and so on. You can't take from the fat, but in our religion, we know that it's hard. You can eat from the fact and so on and so forth, of the animals that you sacrifice the cow, the sheep, the Lamb, and so on and so forth. So that's the shedding of a previous religion, that in
our religion has been what? abrogated. So what are we referring to therefore, it's not any of those two categories. It is the area that is mentioned in the Quran and the Sunnah. And our Quran and Sunnah does either agree or disagree, it just remains silent. For example,
in the story of Yusuf Ali who sent him when the brothers of use have come to him, and he's now one of the rulers of Egypt, and they still all he places in the in the in the bank in the belongings of his younger brother Benjamin Binyamin, he places the vessel of the king and the brothers leave and the court announcer calls out and what does he say there's a thief, right there's a thief and he says that the king has lost his vessel or the vessel of the king the utensil the cup of the king has been lost volume and V henlow barrier and whoever brings it will have as reward everything that I come up with and carry.
This is called in our religion Jana, a reward meaning that I can see to you for example, and you wouldn't say this in the masjid, but I'm giving you as an example, right? We're outside the box, um, I lose my wallet and I say I lost my wallet. Whoever finds it gets 20 pounds. That's a reward right? Find my wallet and I will give you a reward. Is that allowed in Islam?
Yes, it is allowed. Where did we take it from? This verse? So it is mentioned
In the Quran, how is it mentioned in which context in the context of a previous Sharia, it is mentioned in the context of a previous Sharia. Again, this is something that the majority of the scholars would allow majority, the scholars say it is a valid form of legislation, some of the scholars of the referee and others the different and they said no, and allows the will in the ruling or the reason why the majority of the scholars accepted it as a source of legislation is because a large soldier says concerning the profits will not equal levena Hidalgo Mullah for Buddha homotopy. Those are the ones that are not guided. So follow them in their guidance and allies referring to all
of the prophets and messengers of Allah, in that verse, other socialization, I will go through these very quickly, because we don't have time to go through them in detail, for example, is is this hub is this hub is to take the original ruling and to carry it forward. So for example,
a person are they born innocent? Or are they born? guilty?
They're more innocent, right? So if someone comes to you, and they say you stole my money, who is the burden of proof upon
upon the accuser, right? It is not upon the accused to say no, this is all my money I can prove it's my money, because that's the US law says that you're not a thief, you're innocent. So therefore, that is this habit. That is this this have that original ruling applies until another ruling comes that is stronger that will contradict it or change it in some way. Another source of legislation and these are all obviously this difference of opinions, not only over the the source of recitation as sources but even in the details and the minute and Masada masala the overwhelming benefit, is that a source of legislations if we're going to do something, and we know that this ruling has an
overwhelming benefit, or the opposite will have an overwhelming harm. What do we do? How do we give that ruling? Also from the socialization that the scholars different always said to Thuraya closing the door to evil. We know in Islam, that when a large social makes something Haram, many of the things that lead up to the huruma also made haraam. So it's not just the person who drinks alcohol that is sinful in Islam is the one who crushes the grapes with that intention, the one who carries it, the one who pours it, all of those people have a share of the blame that is called said to the or is that something that we can apply within our time as well when we come to do rulings? The point
of this all of this is these are the ones that the scholars differ over. This is basically the first category that the scholars look over, I gave it to you in a very, very, very brief condensed way. Each one of them has so many tangents and so many things that the scholars would study and look into. But it is the first category that the scholars would study and that is the sources of legislation, the sources of legislation, the second category, the broad category that the scholars study, and inshallah we'll cover this and then we'll break for salata, Russia,
is the rulings, right, I'm going to cover the rulings before I cover the terminology because this will shorter the rulings in Islam what are the rulings in Islam? So when we go to the Quran and the Sunnah, and we derive from it to rulings, what are the rulings that Islam tells us that we have in our religion? What are the do's and don'ts? What categories do they fall into? And what we refer to here is what is known as gamma techni. Fear and fear are those rulings that you will be held accountable for. There are other types of rulings in Islam as well. There are, you know, like rulings that are last pieces, universal laws, right? If I pick up, you know, like, if I if I drop
something that's gonna fall, that's a universal law. So anything to do with right or wrong or do's and don'ts, right? There are other types of like laws of senses. If you pick up ice, what's the point you feel like? Cold, right? If you pick up fire is going to be hot, right? Those are the types of different types of rulings that the scholar is going to, well, we're concerned with here, especially in this seminar, is the rulings that allow will hold you to account for meaning you will either be rewarded or punished, or neither of the two. That is called a common fear. And that is basically what the scholars do when they derive rulings from the Quran and the Sunnah, the source of
legislation, what they're interested in, is that action that you're performing, what is it and then they will tell you these are the five categories depending on which category they fall into, you go into the science of Yep, there is the science of film tells you Salah is watching this is that that is now the science of what sort of factors is tells you from after studying all of these sources of legislation. These are the number of categories of rulings that you can have and they are five the Hanafi is Rahim Allah have two additional ones but we're not going to go into them. I will speak about the majority because of shortness of time. They are five, the first of them is word
obligatory. So when the
Congress went through all of the sources of legislation, they found that there were five distinct categories that all of our actions can fall into. The first of them is that it is obligatory. What is obligatory, mean? obligatory means that the shehryar by immunoassay, the shehryar. We mean all of those sources of legislation, however, it's legislated. The Sharia has asked you to do something, and is asked you to do it decisively, portable Jism. It is decisive. And that is conviction in its demand of you to do something. And another way of also defining this is that a word job is something that if you do it, you get reward. But if you don't do it, what happens you are punished you are you
can be punished, or obviously a large division is the one who chooses how to reward and how to punish, he can forgive someone, or someone can do a good deed or a law doesn't accept it. Those are other mitigating circumstances. But we're speaking from a very technical point of view. And as you can see, now, scholarship is a very technical science, right? We're not involved in people's intentions and other external factors, they have other parts of the region that deal with it, but talking about technicalities here. So therefore, the word job is something that if you do it, you are rewarded, and if you don't do it, you are punished. For example,
for example, Salah, czaka, song, Hajj, so on and so forth, right. These are obligations, if you don't pray, what happens, you may be punished by Allah. But if you pray, and then what happens in sha Allah, you will be rewarded, right? And there are ways of categorizing and going into detail concerning worship, for example, there are certain things which are worship more if you have to do them in the way the Sharia specifies. Prayer means pray in a certain way. You can't just go off and play any way you want, right. But there are other obligations in which you are given a choice. For example, when you expiating for an oath, Allah gives you a choice, you can either free or slave, you
can feed tempo, people, you can post and bow people, that is a choice that you are given. For example, in. In Islam, there are obligations that are limited to time, they are time sensitive, and others are not time sensitive. For example, Salah is time sensitive, Azhar has a time, Muslim has a time to pray outside of the time without valid reason is wrong, and you are likely or you can be punished. But there are other obligations in STEM that are not time sensitive. Right. So for example, expecting for an oath, it's worship, you must expect for an oath if you broke it. But sometimes you don't have to do it tomorrow. You don't have to do it the next day is not time
sensitive. There are also things for example, obligations in this time another way of categorizing it, there are individual and others that are collective, that are individually obligations, meaning prayer, I have to pray my own Asana, you can't come and play my song for me. And if you did, it wouldn't be valid. You can't come and do my hunch for me unless there is a valid excuse. Normally speaking, you can't make my headphones, I must make my head for myself. But then there are other obligations that are collective, we share a collective responsibility, which means that if some of us do it, the rest of us don't. The most famous example would be Salatu janaza. janaza is an
obligation there is a right that every Muslim has upon another Muslim that someone prays their janazah prayer is not a right upon every single individual Muslim. It is a obligation upon the community. So if 10 people 15 people whoever was here for Muslim whatever prayer, there was a generous and they prayed 100 in love the rest of us don't have to worry. But if no one came and pray the janazah then we are all liable. It is a click it is still an obligation, meaning that definition of reward and punishment still applies, right but it is just done in a different way. That is the first warning. The second warning was time for me to show you
and then I'll call you Okay, then I'll carry on after that.
The second ruling of Islam or the second category of ruling is min Dube, almost the head which means recommended. Right. And this is called min Dube is called Mr. hab. Sometimes it's called Suna. Right. All of these are different ways of seeing the same thing. But just to eliminate any confusion between the source of legislation that is sooner and the ruling that is a sooner we will call it Mr. habermann. Do Mr. haben Mundo means that it is recommended, which means what it means that the Sharia asked you to do something, but without conviction, meaning he didn't say it in the form of conviction in a in a wording of conviction. And what it means in terms of reward is that if you do
it you get rewarded. But if you don't do it, do you get punished? No. So it is therefore a type of optional act of worship. For example.
The ama lane, for example,
turn away from the center to robotic the slot to Doha elevator depending on which opinion and there is different
opinion on some of these issues as well. But the point is you get the you get the picture, right? These are recommended sada and this chapter as you can imagine, Mr. hab is vast it is. There are so many actions that would fall within this. And even within this you can categorize and break it down into subcategories. There is a center for example that is called Suna makeda asuna. maka is a highly recommended or an established Sunnah. And what it means is that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would leave the Sunnah, whether he was traveling or whether he was resident, right, like, for example, the Yama Lille, for example, with, for example, the two summers of pleasure, these are
things are appalled,
because the processor would never leave them. Whereas the other son does before and after the war, after Muslim after Russia, he would leave them on his travels. So therefore, it is still a son, but not when you're traveling. Right. So it's not quite as in America, there is the second type of ruling that you will find
the we will come on to, you know, like how you differentiate between them legislation and so on. That's the next category that we're going to speak about. So that's the The second category of ruling. So you have wajib, and you have recommended, and one you must perform it. And if you don't, you get punished. And the other one, if you perform it, you're rewarded, but if you leave it you are not liable for punishment by a large surgeon. The third category is haram. haram ROM and how ROM means, as you all know, unlawful, prohibited. And that is what the sheriff told you not to do with conviction. And what it means in terms of reward and punishment is that if you do it, what happens
you are punished. And if you leave it for the sake of Allah, you're rewarded, right? So if you leave it just because you left it isn't something which you do anyway, there's no reward, because it's something that you just do out of habit. But if it was something that came upon you, and you chose not to do it, then you are rewarded. So for example, stealing, stealing is something which is haram. If a person does it, they are punished by a lot of social they are sinful, right? Most people don't steal by the norm, right? The default is that you don't steal. Are you rewarded every minute because you didn't steal? No, unless you had that intention not to steal something that you're rewarded for
just like that. But if the opportunity arose, you're at work and you see someone who has 1000 pounds laying around on someone's desk, you could take it and no one would know that's an opportunity. You say you know what, no harm I'm not going to do what doesn't like it's not. Now you're rewarded, because you left it for the sake of Allah subhanaw taala that is basically called haram and there are things as we know
that are Haram.
And again, the subcategories for each one of these, each one of these issues can be many, but there are things which are Haram in and of themselves and there are things which are made haram because of external factors. Things are Haram in and of themselves. For example, drinking, you know, alcohol, obviously, interest, Zina, all of these things are haram murder, stealing, all of these things are Haram in and of themselves. But sometimes an action becomes haram not because the action is haram, but because of external factor. For example, buying and selling at Juma time, a large social prohibited in the Quran. When the time of Juma comes, it's not allowed for you to buy and sell,
which is why the majority of the scholars are of the opinion that when the other end goes for Juma and the Juma prayer has started, and you're outside and you bought a house islamically that transaction is invalid. It's not a correct transaction, even though you took the keys obviously under British law is valid and legal and I'm talking about Islamic law, it would be considered invalid. Why because the timing was right a law prohibited buying and selling during that time buying and selling in and of itself is it haram know what made it haram here and external mitigating factor, and that is the particular timing right. So this is another way of categorizing Haram. The
point is that we're not going to go through all of that in detail.
So that is the third category out of the five. So it was the first one
watching right which means obligatory number two was Mundo booster which means recommend, number three is haram which means what
which means prohibited okay
We learn from the de la salatu salam ala rasulillah
novella. But just to finish off those two remaining categories of rulings inshallah, before we break for Salah, just to keep everything in shala compact and, and together the fourth ruling so we had worship we had Mr. Hubbard we had haraam, right, we had obligatory were recommended and we had prohibited the fourth ruling is macro, which means disliked. And this is the opposite of
almost a habit, meaning that it's if you that to that if you leave it, you are rewarded, if you do it, you are not sinful. So if you leave it you are rewarded mean obviously with the intention that you're leaving for the sake of a lot. And if you do it you are not sinful, right? So for example, one of the examples that will be given for this and there is a difference of opinion over this issue. eating garlic and coming to the masjid, eating onions and coming to the masjid, right. So the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, as we know, in the Hadith, Whosoever eat from this tree, did not come close to our Masjid, meaning garlic and onions, right. And the process of them said in
the Hadith, that indeed the angels are harmed by that which the people are harmed by. So the angels don't like that foul smell of garlic and onions. Is that hadith of prohibition? Or is it a dislike for the sake of argument and for the purposes of this, we'll say it's a dislike, right just to give the example across. So those folders that would say his dislike would say, therefore for a person to come intentionally, like you go and eat your onions and whatever, and then you decide, oh, is Russia time let me go right. And you obviously don't clean your mouth, you don't get rid of the smell and so on and so forth. You come into the masjid, with that intention like that, you would be
it is something which you're not sinful for, but it's something which is not recommended. But if you were to leave it for the sake of Allah, you would be it is something which you would be rewarded for, okay. The fifth and final category therefore is Alibaba. Alibaba means permissible, you are neither rewarded nor are you punished, there is no recommendation there is no dislike, it is just simply in the middle back means permissible and that is the vast majority of things in our life, working waking up walking, sitting, if your intention is not to please Allah in your everyday activities. Therefore, under this banner of mobile app, it is simply allowed eating, drinking,
walking, talking all of this stuff, as long as there is no haram element or no worship element, it is just everyday activity. They fall under the banner of of of MOBA. Okay. So these are the general rulings that the scholars category so we have the sources of legislation from those sources of legislation. The scholars when they looked at everything, they found that our rulings they fall into these five distinct categories, things which are obligatory things which are recommended, things which are prohibited things which are disliked, and things which are permissible, so shall not let's break them in the law. For those of you that want to make old ones, so on and so forth, and then
we'll carry on inshallah we'll finish the two categories remaining. In the last episode Russia, satin the hills on a bit
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[ Help | Earliest Comments | Latest Comments ][ List All Subjects of Discussion | Create New Subject of Discussion ][ List Latest Comments Only For Pages | Games | Rated Pages | Rated Games | Subjects of Discussion ]Comments/Ratings for a Single Item Later ⇩Reverse Order⇧ Earlier Abstract Chess. Pieces are represented by stacks of different heights.[All Comments] [Add Comment or Rating]Derek Nalls wrote on 2005-02-13 UTC[Comment voluntarily deleted.] João Neto wrote on 2004-07-22 UTCWell, 14 knights is indeed a powerful army, but takes time to make it. The other player may develop is own pieces in comfortable positions. But that's the spirit of abchess, see the position and reshape your own army accordingly. Greg Strong wrote on 2004-07-21 UTCThis game is very interesting. It does look like the knight is a heck of a value at only 2 stones. I would make 14 Knights and a Rook. I bet that would be hard to deal with! João Neto wrote on 2004-07-21 UTCThat's a good idea. But it probably would mean that both players would try to keep their queens near an adjacent piece, so they can create a new King while demoting the previous King (if attacked) to a queen and escape the attack. And this tactic could continue in a cycle. Usually, I don't like this type of thing (ie, multiple Kings, demoting royal pieces, ...). Jared McComb wrote on 2004-07-20 UTCExcellent ★★★★★Why not have 7 be the limit, and make a stack of 7 be a King, instead of having a royal stone? (Then you only have one type of piece, making the game much, er, abstracter, as well as adding more strategies!) John Lawson wrote on 2003-06-05 UTCThis is an interesting general mutator. Imagine it appplied, for instance, to Ralph Betza's Chess with Different Armies. Joao Neto wrote on 2003-06-03 UTCFirst, I want to thank you for the ZRF! Btw, L. Lynn Smith also made another ZRF of Abstract Chess :) I'm happy to see that many of you like this idea. About the 7+ stacks, I didn't think of them as valid stacks, but I didn't say anything against either. Indeed there are tactical considerations, because it means queens able to give extra powers to adjacent friends with losing their abilities. However, it seems that the cost and tempo is too great. I believe it's best to keep 6 as the max. Tony Quintanilla wrote on 2003-05-31 UTCExcellent ★★★★★Great idea. Its simple and elegant, yet add the mutability of pieces that many game designers have sought. The idea of simplifying the rules of Chess is also intriguing. It should be quite playable. Peter Aronson wrote on 2003-05-30 UTCJoão, I just had a thought -- can a stack have more than six stones in it? The rules don't seem to forbid this, but neither do they describe how such a stack would move. If a stack of 7+ moved like a Queen, I can see some tactical conditions where it might (rarely) make sense to make such a stack. On the other hand, I could easily see limiting stacks to 6 stones. Joao Neto wrote on 2003-05-30 UTCI acknowledge that the gradient is not that smooth... however, pieces with 4 or 5 stones and not quite equal: a stack of 5 just needs one tempo to become a queen *and* can give away one stone and still be a rook. I think that may be more than the value of one unpromoting pawn. About the knight->bishop step, I agree that there's a larger cost for such smaller gain, but bishops can travel faster and they only need one tempo to become a rook. We should not forget that the promoting/demoting possibilities of each piece adds to its own standard chess value. If a player shifts stones between two stacks he's giving initiative to the adversary. If that is used to achieve a closed draw position, I believe it's ok, if we think it's ok for FIDE Chess. Peter Aronson wrote on 2003-05-30 UTCI hacked together a crude ZRF for the game last night (I'll clean it up and post it today or tomorrow), and it was interesting. Zillions, with its usual preoccupation with material, seemed to head to armies of 13 Knights, 1 Queen and 1 King per side. Nothing very surprising there. <p> However, on reflection I find myself wondering if the game doesn't make it too easy to make passive moves. A pair of Knights, for example, could pass back and forth a stone all day without substantially changing the board position. I wonder if a two move approach, as used in many of Ralph's recent board connecting games might be better. Each player would have two moves a turn: the first is obligatory, and requires moving a stack from one space to another; the second is optional, and consists of moving a stone from one stack to another. Or alternately, maybe a player could be forbidden to make two transfers in a row. <p> Another issue (and this one was illuminated both by Zillions' play and John's earlier comments) is that the relation between the number of stones in a stack and the power of a stack is very irregular. Two stones are much more powerful than one stone, but three stones are hardly any stronger than two, while four stones are a fair bit stronger than three, and five stones are no stronger than four and six stones are much stronger than five. I wonder about this approach: <table border=1> <tr><td><b># of Stones</b></td><td><b>Piece Type</b></td></tr> <tr><td align=center>1</td><td>Pawn (mfWcfF)</td></tr> <tr><td align=center>2</td><td>Mao</td></tr> <tr><td align=center>3</td><td>Bishop</td></tr> <tr><td align=center>4</td><td>Rook</td></tr> <tr><td align=center>5</td><td>Cardinal</td></tr> <tr><td align=center>6</td><td>Queen</td></tr> </table> Yes, I realize it isn't FIDE Chess anymore, but at least there's a more even power gradiant. John Lawson wrote on 2003-05-29 UTC'Now, promoting a Rook to Queen, dispite the gain of 1.5 to 2 Pawns is less obviously a good idea because of the leveling effect.' And because it takes two tempi, not one. You can use two tempi and two Pawns to change a Rook to a Queen, two Bishops and two Pawns to two Rooks, or a Rook and two Pawns to three Knights. Or two Bishops and two Pawns into four Knights. Which would you rather have? That is a question anawerable only by playtesting. Peter Aronson wrote on 2003-05-29 UTCWhile merging all of your Pawns into the pieces behind them may limit your mobility some, just converting the Bishops into Rooks only costs you two Pawns for an increase of 1 or 2 Pawns in force (depending on if you rate Rooks at the more common 5 Pawns, or Spielmann's 4.5), and still leaves you 6 Pawns <strong>and</strong> gives you some very impressive attack lanes, allowing you free use of the new Rooks in the opening and midgame. Now, promoting a Rook to Queen, dispite the gain of 1.5 to 2 Pawns is less obviously a good idea because of the leveling effect. Joao Neto wrote on 2003-05-29 UTCHi Michael, Well, about single 'protons' powers, I wanted to keep the flavour of FIDE Chess. It would be possible to imagine many Betza's Diff Chess configurations. That would mean that 'abstract chess' would be more than one game, it'd be a game system. The reason of keeping single protons is related to the fact that it's not valid to place a proton on an empty square. I do think that this rule should be enforced, because there's a cost of creating an army of few powerful pieces: you lose flexibility! About the idea of transferring protons based on the move range, it sounds good (I didn't think of it) but (maybe) there's a drawback: powerful pieces get even stronger. But hey, we are here to try new ideas :^) I wish to keep as many open possibilities as possible, but without opening any nasty Pandora box (and there lies the art of game design, imho). Joao Neto wrote on 2003-05-29 UTCIn fact, when you take a Pawn and use it to promote a piece, then you lose one piece (you cannot demote to an empty cell). It's not very good to have very few pieces because that implies on little manoeuvrability: one would be playing abstract chess, the other just chess. About Lawson's suggestion, it sounds good. That's the beauty of new games, many open and unexplored possibilities, even if we always have to face that the game can be broken in the long term. I've played two face 2 face games with a friend and the games went ok. That's not enough to judge a game, but it is a good start :) John Lawson wrote on 2003-05-29 UTCExcellent ★★★★★I think many people would be tempted by the strategy Peter mentions, of the 'pawns' getting combined into the back rank pieces early on to build more powerful pieces. The approach I would try in my first game, however, would be to combine pairs of pawns into knights, resulting in having a total of six knights. There's even some logic in demotion: you start with a rook and two pawns, and end with three knights; or a queen and four pawns, and end with five knights. If you carry this idea to its conclusion, you get two bishops, and thirteen knights. In the endgame, you can recombine into whatever more powerful pieces you need. Of course, all this conversion carries a cost in tempo. Peter Aronson wrote on 2003-05-29 UTCExcellent ★★★★★This is a real neat idea, which is why I'm giving it an excellent rating. However, I find myself wondering how it would play in practice. There seems to me that there would be a certain tendency for the Pawn line to get sucked into the back line at the start, producing a mess of attack routes. 17 comments displayedLater ⇩Reverse Order⇧ EarlierPermalink to the exact comments currently displayed.
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The Book Fairies of Scotland have been sharing a beautiful book today relevant to current events – Climate Adaptation, published by Arkbound! Copies of this enlightening read have been making their way around the country …
Copies of this delightful book were left at perfect locations all around the country.
About the book:
Where is the world really heading, and what can we do about it? This book, edited by the Arkbound Foundation, takes an unflinching look at climate change – drawing upon the latest data to analyse what the next decades hold in store.
With atmospheric CO2 at unprecedented levels and insufficient action being taken to prevent a rise in temperatures above 2 degrees centigrade, we are not just looking at significant disruption but the possibility of societal collapse.
For the first time ever, the magnitude of this challenge is faced head on, with avenues to truly address it presented. Case studies and models from 16 authors around the world show ways that we can build adaptation and resilience, as well as what ‘zero emissions’ really mean.
Happy book finders!
We love hearing from people who find the books we leave behind. Did you find a copy of Climate Adaptation? Please post a pic with #ibelieveinbookfairies or email us! Here are a couple of the pics we spotted from book finders!
Not lucky enough to find a copy?
Do not worry! You can order this brilliant book from the lovely people at Arkbound here.
Would you like to be a book fairy?
We are always welcoming new book fairies! All you need are some stickers and you can start hiding books – both new and preloved!!
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Life Skills Classes
Life Skills Services are provided to students based on the unique needs of a student. Through the ARD (Admissions Review and Dismissal) Process an Individualized Educational Program is developed to address specific goals. Life skills instruction provides meaningful educational opportunities and instruction to meet the individual needs of each student. Life skills students are an integral part of their school community.
Life skills offers a continuum of services that include small group instruction; inclusion settings; community based vocational instruction and individual instruction in the least restrictive setting appropriate for each student.
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“I don’t need all of your drama!” Why would a person say this? Is there someone you think of when you read this line? Would you like more or less drama in your life tomorrow?
Do you know a drama queen? Have you ever stopped and ask the question, “Why is there so much drama in his or her life?” There are people out there who just attract drama. They are drama magnets. Drama just follows them around. Their life is a roller coaster ride with highs followed by lows. Their existence is off balance and unstable.
Maybe others call you a drama queen. Do you ever ask yourself “Why do I have so much drama in my life?”
There will always be drama in this world. Drama exists everywhere. It is preprogrammed into people. Accept this. A little drama may create some color in your life, but a lot of drama may keep you off balance and hinder your ability to accomplish what you need to be accomplishing. The more drama a person has in their life, the less a person is able to focus on things of importance.
Drama can be an attention getting mechanism. Usually it is results in negative attention rather than positive. Some drama is created by someone looking for extra attention. Sometimes drama occurs externally and comes into your life. Sometimes drama arises out of boredom or jealousy.
Drama often comes from making a molehill into a mountain. It is a result of exaggeration. Little things become big. An event that could be passed off as unimportant becomes a major obstacle. Drama is using a magnifying glass on something small. If every simple decision is treated like a life or death decision, you will die many times.
Some people thrive off drama while others run from it. There are professionals who make a living off handling the drama of others.
Now I will admit that drama can keep a life from being boring. Some people watch soap opera programs or reality television to vicariously add drama to their lives. In these situations we live the drama of others and then we can turn the television off.
Yet real life drama can hurt others. Drama can include an element of gossip. Drama can backstab. It can create malice. It can betray friends. Drama can create rumors. It can be repetitive and even rob you of your joy.
Drama runs rampant in social media. How much drama is posted on Facebook or Instagram? When I hear of someone closing their account I feel they are making a statement that the drama being posted in these apps is of less value to them than the benefits.
Drama can be gender related. Do men or women generally have more drama? Is drama age related? Do junior high girls have more drama than junior high boys? Does a four year old have more drama than a 22 year old?
If you have said recently “I don’t need all of your drama” maybe now is the time to take some action. If you can identify the drama that touches your world you can begin to figure out how to handle it. You can be intentional about your world.
How should we handle drama? If you are the one who is creating the drama, ask yourself why you do so. If it is a cry out to others to “Look at me,” then ask yourself “Do others really care about my drama?” If the drama is coming from another, how should you handle this? First you need to filter it. Some drama needs attention. If it really is a “cry for help,” maybe come along side the person and help him or her through their valley. I hope you make the right decision on this threshold question.
If the drama is unnecessary, don’t validate it. Don’t let it rock your world. Is it worthy of spending time on it? Stay out of the drama zone. State to the person that life is too short to make everything a big deal. Maybe choose not to engage. Respectfully change the subject, point them in another direction. Seek to get them to focus on what is going right, not the drama they are wrapped up in. Worst case, if they still don’t get it, confront them head on.
So what would be the opposite of drama? One word I would use is edification, lifting others up. Being focused without distractions on global positives rather than insignificant distractions.
My challenge to you today is to do a global assessment of the drama that impacts your life. Begin by looking inward at yourself and how much drama you create. If you really want to know if you create substantial drama, ask those you interact regularly with to honestly tell you if you bring drama into their lives.
Then think of others who bring drama into your life. Filter your response to their drama as addressed above and if the drama in your life is robbing you or others of joy, then see if you can figure out a loving way to end or reduce the drama.
Life is too short to waste a lot of effort on issues that really don’t need attention, but can drain our time and energy. There is a world out there than needs good things to happen in it. It needs what you have to offer.
Think about these things. Keep small things small things and use your time to make changes that accomplish what you need to be accomplishing.
Just a thought...
Rick Kraft is a motivational speaker, a syndicated columnist, a published author, and an attorney. To submit comments, contributions, or ideas, e-mail to email@example.com:firstname.lastname@example.org or write to P.O. Box 850, Roswell, New Mexico, 88202 - 0850.
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In Zambia, Gender inequality manifests itself in a system of power, privilege and oppression. Women and girls in particular experience shockingly high levels of discrimination and exclusion, which perpetuates poverty and violation of their fundamental human rights.
This entails challenging the overall public finance and natural resource management in Zambia which is characterised by corruption, wastage of public resources, illicit financial flows, narrow tax base, and an increasing debt burden. The shrinking CSO space in Zambia is evidenced by state application of oppressive laws such as the Public Order Act to suppress citizens’ freedom of assembly, association and speech.
Climate Smart Economic Empowerment (CSEE)
Contributing towards sustainable development by addressing interlinked problems of food insecurity, negative effects of climate change and youth unemployment. The result is empowered people able to lift themselves out of poverty and better contribute to creating safer and more resilient communities.
Contact DanChurchAid in Zambia
Joint Country Programme Zambia (DCA, NCA)
Leopards Hill Rd C/13/488a
P.O Box 30703
Mobil: +260 211 260 704
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Torn Meniscus Of The Knee
There are two menisci in each knee called the medial and lateral meniscus. They serve three key purposes: absorb shock, transfer the load from the upper leg to the lower leg, and also stabilize the knee joint. The menisci really take a beating during the day. A person weighing 100-pounds exerts 150-pounds of force on each knee at each step. Obesity can triple the weight burden. If you are an obese marathoner, the forces become even tougher for your cartilage pads to bear. While knee meniscus tears are common with athletes, as we pass 50, our menisci age as well. They can dry out and tear, especially if we are developing osteoarthritis of the knee.
- Feelings of popping
- Aches or pains when rotating knee
- Hard to straighten the knee
- Locked knee sensation
- Stiffness and swelling
Dr. Greenberg may recommend The Greenberg Method, which is a non-surgical approach that seeks to naturally reverse meniscus tears by regenerating new meniscus in your knees and reducing pain. He will treat your knee injury by helping to regenerate the joint system. Dr. Greenberg will administer a healing and synergistic cascade of Prolotherapy, Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and Stem Cell Treatments.
The Greenberg Method uses the body’s natural components to stabilize the knee and the surrounding area, including all the soft tissues and strengthening bone structures. Dr. Greenberg will discuss the features of each treatment and explain the therapeutic option that is most appropriate for your case.
Doctor Greenberg published the first knee meniscus regeneration treatment in 2018. The team used treatments of adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) and platelet-rich plasma to regenerate meniscus and repair a torn meniscus of the knee. They permanently eliminated a painful, chronic condition for the patient.
The Greenberg Method is an excellent choice for people who are looking for a non-invasive alternative to surgery that has lower infection risks, shorter recovery times and is opioid-free. Kinetic Regeneration Therapy treats you holistically, renews you physically and seeks to rekindle a feeling of wellness so you become a healthier and happier YOU.
If you or a loved one is looking for a new strategy to treat chronic aches and pains, fill out the form on this page to schedule an appointment or call Dr. Greenberg’s office today at 833-440-4325.
J Med Cases, 2018:9(7);221-225, Comella, Greenberg, Ross; Intra-Articular Implantation of Stromal Vascular Fraction Plus Platelet Rich Plasma in a Degenerative Meniscal Injury
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September 11, 2001 will forever hold a place in our memories. Where we were, what we were doing, the way we felt as we watched in horror. Many who weren’t even involved directly, still experienced emotional trauma that day.
On this episode of Calm, Cool and Connected Dr. Fedrick is joined by Kayla Bergeron. Kayla was working for the Port Authority and was at her desk on the 68th floor of the North Tower of the World Trade Center when the building was struck by terrorists. This episode may contain material that will be triggering to some.
Key Takeaways from Liz’s 1-on-1 with Kayla:
• Hear Kayla’s incredible story from September 11, 2001
• Learn when Kayla became aware that she had a problem, post 9/11
• Find out how Kayla finally received her PTSD diagnosis
• Discover how Kayla is now working as a mental health advocate, and using her experience for good
All of this and more, on this episode of Calm, Cool and Connected.
For more great Calm, Cool and Connected content, don't forget to subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Overcast, Spotify, and all the popular podcasting platforms. (RSS) https://3cstvshow.buzzsprout.com
Already subscribed? Please take a moment to rate and review the podcast so that we can reach as many people that need the help as we can: https://3cstvshow.buzzsprout.com
DISCLAIMER: THE CONSULTATIONS OR INTERACTIONS OFFERED ARE NOT MENTAL HEALTH THERAPY. THE CONSULTATION IS FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND NOT STRUCTURED IN A WAY TO PROVIDE MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING/PSYCHOTHERAPY/THERAPY/ DIAGNOSING OF ANY KIND. YOU UNDERSTAND THAT CALM COOL AND CONNECTED IS NOT PROVIDING INFORMATION AS YOUR TREATING MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELOR, PHYSICIAN, ATTORNEY, LEGAL COUNSEL, EMPLOYER, MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL. We offer no guarantees or promise of results from event nor assume liability for any information provided.
Dr. Liz: Hello and welcome to calm, cooling, connected. I'm your host, Dr.
Elizabeth Fedrick. Our next guest has an incredibly inspirational story about her experience on September 11th, 2001. Kayla Bergeron worked as the director of public affairs for the port authority of New York and New Jersey. The largest transportation agency in the country. And on September 11th, 2001, she was at her desk on the 68th floor of the north tower of the world trade center.
When the [00:01:00] building was struck by terrorists, Kayla's here to share with us about this horrific experience and how she's used it for good and used it really for mental health advocacy and what she's doing with that platform. So, hi, Kayla, welcome to
Kayla: our show. Thank you so much. This is such an important issue.
grateful for the opportunity. Oh,
Dr. Liz: we're so grateful to have you here. This is such an incredible story that you have and, so much trauma wrapped in it, but what is so inspirational to me and to the team at calm cool and connected is how you've really used it for advocacy purposes.
And so we're so grateful and have so much respect for that. Let's jump into you sharing with us. Kind of take us to the beginning of that experience and share with us your story of what took place on that
Kayla: day. Okay, thank you. On September 10th, 2001, I was at JFK airport with my boss who was executive director of the port authority.
We were with the New York times talking about redevelopment plans [00:02:00] at the airport. I rode back with him into the city and he dropped me off and my last words were him. You know, what am I gonna do tonight? Either watch TV, chill, go out or just go to the. Last words or go to the gym. That's the last time I saw him the next day I'm sitting at my desk getting ready for a meeting and all of a sudden the building lunges forward about 10 feet, but then it comes back and then outta my window, my beautiful window view of the statue of Liberty.
It was as if somebody on the hundred seventh floor was emptying. All the files and stuff, paper was flying left and right. And I thought perhaps a small plane must have veered off course. I called both governor's offices to say something's going on? I'll be in touch. Meanwhile, trying to reach my boss, you 11, who had seen the day before he was at [00:03:00] windows on the world on the hundred seventh floor.
Oh, wow. He had, he had no chance. He had no chance. I found that a few, few days later after the search. So we have our business continuity plan. I sent my team to the Marriott, which was on the Plaza of the world trade center. And I said, set up the phone lines, take our business continuity plan, pencils, everything we needed.
And a little while later I texted him. Those were the Blackberry days. I texted him. I said, okay, is everything set up? It turns out they were only 10 floors below. And I thought something was up at that point because they should have been there at the Marriot. So security guard comes up and says, your life is in danger.
Your life is in danger. So I walk the floor to make sure no one else was there. And I said, . let me go turn off my computer. And grabbed my purse and my briefcase again, not knowing. [00:04:00] So I get into the the stairwell. Everything is calm because after the 1993 oral trades center bombing, we did countless drills.
And one of the things that came out of that was we had this reflective tapes. All we had to do was stay on the line as. Policemen came down and firefighters went up with all their equipment. So, but things are calm. Things are calm until we get to let's see the 20th floor. I see a friend from our aviation department.
Meanwhile, I get a story on my Blackberry that says terrorist attack the world trade center. Now I didn't wanna cause panic, but I showed my friend. I said, look at this and don't say anything. she looked at it. I looked at her and I'm like, let's get this line moving. Let's get this line moving. So again, were
Dr. Liz: you trailing with a, a group at that point?
Down the stairs? Yeah. Okay. So there was a whole group of you going down. Yeah. Whole group
Kayla: from all from all the different floors and different businesses, but [00:05:00] primarily the port authority, which built the world trade center. Okay. Everything is fine until we get to the sixth floor. That's when the south tower.
Imploded and our building twisted and we were trapped. We were trapped. Oh my goodness. For about 30 minutes, the lights went out, the chiller that keeps the air conditioner cold. All this water came rushing down. And so we couldn't see. And all these pipes burst with water everywhere. And so that's the moment.
that's the moment. You don't know what your fate is, but you accept it.
Dr. Liz: Yeah. Yes. And so, as you, you are in the stairwell full of people, full of water, no lights. And what is your internal experience at that point? What are you going into paralysis? Are you panicking? What, what are you feeling at that
Well, all along my job was to deal with the [00:06:00] news media and elected officials. What helped me the fight or flight was to stay in the work mode. I had sent people to our police station right outside the Holland tunnel in New Jersey. So I was setting up the continuity plan. So I that's where I was. So I didn't really consider.
I was very calm at the moment. Wow. Then all of a sudden, boom, a poor authority police officer appears a floor ahead of us. He said, come up, come up. Now, the last thing we wanted to do was come up because the other building came down. Sure. But there was no other option. Hmm. So we went up, we walked through, we walked through a different offices and a lot of women had taken off the pumps.
And. Wound up walking through shards of glass. And there were wires hanging. There was white sod everywhere. Everything had been crushed, so to speak, [00:07:00] but we get to the other stairwell. We're going down. There are little groups. We went, they grouped us in like three or four because the water over there was going down.
So. They didn't want anyone to be kind of swept up or pushed down. And so in my group, we're going down, we're going down and all of a sudden we see white. And so I think that's the sky and we're out of there, but it turns out we were in the lobby of the world trade center and everything was white. It was as if there was a massive snowstorm.
So all the walls. And the ceiling, it was white, so, oh, wow. So we're still not out. And I'm in a little group of three and we don't see anybody and we don't even see, and we don't even see a way out. So people I was with started to scream. I said, don't scream because there's stuff coming [00:08:00] down. I said, let's look the footprint.
No footprints. So then I said, okay, it's time to screen. Oh. And then there was a light, we saw a light and somebody was in a Bullhorn and they said, if you see the light follow the light. So they took us through we went through a door that was covered and stood and we came out on the side of the world trade center Plaza.
And it looked like war, war. Oh my goodness. Just all of the, the damage, the damage, all the destruction. Yes. Yeah. And my pump got caught. They had to help me with my shoe. We still weren't outta danger yet because we, we still weren't on street level. So we walked around and we came to a stairwell, which is actually in the museum.
We call it the freedom, stairwell, 30 tons of concrete that really [00:09:00] saved our life. That's what got us to safety. And ironically it was at Vizi and church. Church street. Wow. So we get we're down, we're breathing. And all of a sudden the police officer says run run. We spent 45 minutes in the stairwell walking down 68 flights of stairs.
So I turned around and here comes the tower imploding with black, everywhere, engulfing, lower Manhattan. So. I ran as fast as I could, 16 blocks in my pumps. I was
Dr. Liz: just gonna ask if you took them off at that point, you still have 'em on no
Kayla: way hanging on 'em that's the fastest I've ever run in my life. And when the, when the cloud came, I dove under a car dove under a car.
Many people did that. when it cleared, I got up and I [00:10:00] was trying to think of what is the next thing to do. So I texted my staff and the senior staff. I said, we're going to New Jersey to our police headquarters, just on the, on the other side of the, how tunnel
I waved down port authority police because Howen tunnel was another port authority facility. So he drove us to the police headquarters and I'm looking, I'm looking for the leadership of the police. I'm looking for the executive director and the senior staff.
And I said, where is Fred Marone? The superintendent of the police. I went down the rank. and there was silence, as it turned out, there was a conference for the police department and they were on one of the floors and they tried to go up to the hundred seventh floor and rescue our executive director.
They were all lost. Did not survive that 33. And so The CEO, Ernesto butcher gets there [00:11:00]and he is just covered and sued. He was at the Marriott where I sent people and the guilt of sending staff there and having the, the roof come down I'm still dealing with that cause I could have sent them to their death, but I was following the procedure from the last time.
Absolutely. So he said. Kayla need your help. Now I'm trying to set up communication. For the world, obviously the website was gone, trying to come up with a plan and he says, Kayla the human resources people hadn't gotten there. He said, we need to find out who's dead and who's alive, which was a daunting task.
And so I called a friend. I didn't know if she was alive or. Turns out. She was on the last train from New Jersey to New York that had been stopped. So I called her Norma, Norma, Kayla Kayla said, I need your help. She comes in and they set up an Excel [00:12:00] spreadsheet and we set up a vanilla website for port authority, employees needing to know what to report call here.
And every time they call in clap, clap, clap. Then we set up another phone number for families who hadn't heard from their loved one. So that was a, that was a tough task. And basically I called both governor's offices. I said, I'm gonna need public information officers probably for three or four months.
They sent them over. Basically what we did for months is to work around the clock. We went from rescue to recovery. I went to over 30 funerals to the nine 11 commissioned hearings, which was rough families who had lost their loved ones, told us port authority, you killed my son. You killed my daughter.
You should be lucky to be alive. Oh
Dr. Liz: my goodness. So the trauma that is so wrapped up in this event is so complex for you. I mean, so complex for anyone who went through this [00:13:00] experience, of course, but you. Extremely different role than a lot of people who went through this experience. Tell me about some of that from a trauma perspective, really from a post traumatic stress disorder perspective, how quickly did those symptoms kick in for you and how quickly did you seek help?
Tell me about how that kind of, and it sounds like you were in so much of a fight or flight response and you were in so much of a survival mode and I just have to help everyone. But I wonder if that kind of delayed the onset of some of these symptoms. Can you tell us about that
Kayla: perhaps? I just kept working work and working, working, working, because then we had to go into the rebuilding and that was complex because there were so many opinions build the towers, don't build the towers.
Wow. And so really for me, I left the port authority in 2000. Not because of nine 11, but I'd been offered an incredible job in Florida to work an for [00:14:00] an agency that restores the evades. That was a wonderful job. Oh yes.
Dr. Liz: I'm sure. Quite the relief
Kayla: after all of that. So I'm having the job, another dream job.
Then the economy WANs, the housing bust and I'm laid off along with 179 colleagues. So what happened was. I didn't intentionally, but when I had the downtime, I started to drink and I, you know, I wasn't cognizant I was living alone. I had friends, I would go out, but I had DUI. And so I went through the program.
Meanwhile, my mom is diagnosed with stage four lung cancer. She's in Georgia, my brother, who is a Katrina survivor. Night of a heart attack at 45 years old. So there was a lot going on, but even though I went through the DUI process, I didn't put two and two together be, and I'm angry at myself because [00:15:00] PTSD, when we think about it, we think, or I think about it.
I think about the veteran. I wasn't a veteran. I think of the first responders. I didn't fit in that category and I wasn't a victim of domestic violence, so it didn't occur to me. And the stuff you see on TV, you know, you have a little bubble with memories and stuff like that. It didn't look like that. So fast forward a few years later after my mom dies, I come to Georgia to help my dad and DUI number two.
So I come into a. A little program in the little county called the foresight county accountability court. And what was interesting and unusual is they have a treatment component. In other words, it's not jail and it's just not drug screens. It was, I had a dual diagnosis program and that's really where I got the diagnosis, which was lifesaving.
But again, I wish I wish I wish [00:16:00] I knew. Earlier. I mean, because 17 years later I don't know if I could have done anything sooner. You know, I keep searching my mind, searching my mind, and I know I can't go back. It's about going forward and, and, and managing the PTSD and the anxiety and recovery from substance.
Dr. Liz: Yes. Yes. And that's exactly, I mean, what you're describing that is exactly what I was thinking in terms of you kept yourself so busy that it was, it was hard to stop and really feel what was going on, acknowledge what was going on, which is so common with posttraumatic stress disorder or a lot of mental illness.
It's so easy to try to numb that out, to try to distract from it. And so. Instead of getting treatment, we just keep scrambling to try to get it to go away without the proper help. And so sounds like it was years before you really received the help that you needed. Tell me, how has that influenced you are now a mental health advocate and working really to end the [00:17:00] stigma around mental health.
How has your experience influenced your advocacy
Kayla: work? Well, let me just say this. One of the reasons I speak out is because I was SU civilian on September 11, you had the first responders, you had the families of the loved ones, and then you had people like me, who. We're left in the shadows and thank God I got help.
But there are hundreds of people walking around with mental health and substance abuse problems and the, the world trade center, the Congress has failed. These folks, people think that, you know, we all got money and stuff and that's not what it's about, but that's not true. And so that's what I worry about.
Actually, here in Georgia, I met two people right around in this area. One was a police officer. He has PTSD, but he is a tough guy. He's a cop, but I met another guy recently and he tells he was on the 20th floor of the [00:18:00] south tower. You could see the look in his eyes. And I, he said, oh, my my experience was real different than yours.
I said, no, it wasn't. And I said, well, how are you dealing with it? His answer was, I started toys for touch to help the community. So folks like that are just everywhere and there's no help for 'em. So. Thank goodness for me for the resources and this small accountability cord is really what saved my life.
Wow. That is so
Dr. Liz: amazing. I, again, have so much respect for the way that you're using this experience to advocate and to help these other individuals who, as you're describing, maybe don't even have awareness around these post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. And that is so incredible that you are putting in those efforts to.
Normalize bring relatability to it and really encouraging them to get help. Kayla, we really appreciate you being here today, taking the time to [00:19:00] speak with us. It's really been an honor speaking with you today. Thank you so much.
Kayla: Thank you for the forum. We gotta end the stigma. I absolutely
Dr. Liz: agree. Thank you.
And thank you all for tuning into this episode of calm, cool and connected. Find us on Facebook and Instagram, please re subscribe to our podcast so that others can discover our content as well. Thank you again for joining us on this episode of calm. Cool and connected.
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ASAinlog: Agent System Architectures for active medical documents - information logistics in multi contextual domains
In health care the data availability of patient files is unsatisfying:
- 98% of all patient files are paper documents.
- The attending doctor has no access to the patient file in moments when he needs it most.
- Already digitized data are saved in heterogeneous systems and cannot be linked or only in a difficult way.
- The medical staff spends a lot of their working time with documentation, coordination and administrative duties.
Developing a model and a prototypical implementation for using medical data in hospital by software agents.
In the beginning is the analysis of information logistic structures in health care under considering the involved persons’ communication and cooperation processes. Hence models will be developed which satisfy both: they should be realistic, that means specific to the domain hospital, and the models need to be suited for the agent technology. The Universität Potsdam, as the tandem partner, realized the technical implementation of the agent system based on this model. This model has been extended and adapted in several cycles by the Technische Universität München.
Expected benefits for the health care sectors:
- Reduce administrative duties, so there is more time for treating patients.
- Support the communication and cooperation of involved persons which is hindered by increasingly specialized medical staff, complex clinical pictures and lengthy courses of treatment.
- Link cases of treatment with data of current medical research.
- Increase the share of electronic patient documents and therefore improve the access to this patient documents.
Technische Universität München, Chair for Information Systems (Prof. Dr. Krcmar)
Universität Potsdam, Chair for Software Engineering (Prof. Dr. Horn)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (german research community)
DFG reference number: KR 998/11-1
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Main Article Content
Instruments for the measurements of radon, thoron and its decay
products in air are based mostly on the detection of alpha particles.
The health hazards of radon on general public are well known. In
order to understand the level and distribution of 222Rn concentrations
indoor in Al-Fallujah City; new technique was used, this technique
was three radon–thoron mixed field dosimeters is made up of a twin
chamber cylindrical system and three LR-115 type II detectors were
employed. The aim of this work was to measurement radon gas using
SSNTD technique door in in Al-Fallujah City, and estimation of
excess in cancer due to increment in radon gas. Results for samples
which are collected from January to April 2013 show that the 222Rn
concentration varies from 52.33 to 108.70 Bq.m-3 with an average of
84.64 Bq.m-3, according to EPA and ICRP, the average indoor radon
level should be 148 Bq/m3 and 300 Bq/m3, respectively, whereas
approximately 15 Bq/m3 (ranging from 1 Bq/m3 to 100 Bq/m3 of
radon concentration is normally found in outside air. Also the values
of annual effective dose and excess lung cancer per million people
per year (ELC) have also been calculated and found to vary from
0.941 to 2.350 mSv.y-1 with an overall average of 1.581 mSv.y-1 and,
565 to 1410 with an overall average 948, respectively.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
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What comes to mind when you think of AI in Finance? Fraud Detection? Algorithmic Trading? AI has already undoubtedly made huge contributions to the efficiency and accuracy of many financial practices, but there are also lots of new ways that AI is being implemented to alter traditional methods within retail and commercial banking, insurance and many more industries within the financial landscape.
On 6 - 7 September, RE•WORK are hosting the AI in Finance Summit where we will be showcasing the latest breakthrough technologies and their application in the financial sector. Research institutions, large corporations as well as emerging startups will be discussing new AI systems and innovative ways AI can assist financial services. We’re taking a look at the latest news and updates in the world of AI in Finance to give you a taster of what we will be covering at the summit:
‘Sony Bank is set to start using an AI application which was originally developed by the bank itself, to automate preliminary screenings for mortgage loans from May 10, 2018.
By using AI to learn from loads of previous data and reading in and making adjustments for new data, Sony Bank has succeeded in automating screening to a level of precision approaching that of human screeners. The new approach aims to accelerate the screening process, and shorten preliminary screening period from the current around two-six days down to as little as 60 minutes. By using AI to make credit decisions automatically that previously relied on humans, the bank hopes to enhance operating efficiency.
The new technology employs the ensemble method, a machine learning technique creating multiple models and combining them to produce improved results. As a result, the model offers a higher level of predictive precision.’
AppZen, who promises to transform back office enterprise operations, announces new partnership with Coupa
‘AppZen is the world's first artificial intelligence solution for back office automation. Its service uses AI to automate expense report auditing and detect intentional and accidental compliance issues and fraud. AppZen’s patented AI technology combines computer vision, deep learning and natural language processing to automatically read and understand expense reports, receipts, and travel documents and cross-check them with hundreds of internal and external data sources in real-time, to determine the accuracy and legitimacy of every expense. The solution assigns risk scores to each expense, protecting the company from expense misuse and regulatory non-compliance. With machine learning, the platform also gets smarter as time goes on. The company's vision to save companies significant dollars and streamline inefficiencies across the back office through AI, goes beyond expenses’
‘The partnership with AppZen enables Coupa customers to spot all T&E compliance as well as fraud issues in real-time, bring down auditing costs up to 90%, and shrink the review and payment cycle to as quick as a day’
‘Taikang Group and other backers also joined the funding round for the newly formed company, which will be called “Du Xiaoman Financial” and use artificial intelligence to provide short-term loans and investment services’
“I am very pleased to see that the financial unit has graduated,” Baidu Chief Executive Officer Robin Li said in the statement. “This is another milestone for Baidu’s AI ecosystem after the listing of iQiyi.”
‘One of South Africa’s biggest banks has developed a biometric ATM that will allow users to open an account using a fingerprint scan.
In announcing the development, First National Bank said it had been trialing the ATM in the province of Gauteng since November of last year, and that it will deploy 50 more units to select areas over the next six months. Called TouchPoint, the ATM is designed to match users’ fingerprint data against records held with South Africa’s Department of Home Affairs, helping to ensure that fraudulent accounts are not created. In addition to facilitating account creation, the ATM also lets users buy mobile airtime and electricity, and, of course, withdraw cash.
Commenting on the new ATMs, FNB Points of Presence CEO Lee-Anne van Zyl suggested that they could offer a real social benefit in their capacity to deliver banking to underserved areas. “Local retailers are often the back-bone for many communities, especially senior citizens who rely on local outlets to access basic services,” she said. “We believe that our partnership will drive foot-traffic to these small businesses and help them to provide increased value to customers.” ‘
‘Goldman Sachs said it will be integrated into Marcus, its online lending service. According to Goldman Sachs, Clarity was attractive because it is a leading app that helps consumers make better personal finance decisions by using machine learning to provide advice that consumers can act upon. Goldman Sachs said the acquisition of Clarity Money is “integral” to Marcus’ aim to create a platform where millions of consumers will go to borrow and save money that is transparent, easy and has the customers’ best interest in mind. Clarity Money will be free to use and over time will be rebranded Marcus by Goldman Sachs. “Consumers want a better way to manage their finances,” said Stephen Scherr, chief executive officer of GS Bank and head of the consumer and commercial banking division, in a press release announcing the deal. “Clarity Money has pioneered a consumer-centric approach to personal finance that will help Marcus continue to put power in the hands of consumers.”’
What do you think about the latest news in AI in Finance? Tell us in the comments.
Register now to join us at the AI in Finance Summit in New York, 6 - 7 September 2018! Meet and network with leading AI in Finance experts and hear them speak about their pioneering advances. It will be a very popular event so register now to avoid missing out and take extra advantage of our Early Bird Ticket prices until the 13th July - confirm your place here.
Not in New York? Access hours of premium video content from our previous Finance Summits on our Video Hub.
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Days Sales Outstanding for your Business Plan
A business which sells on account to its customers will at any point in time have amounts outstanding from them for unpaid invoices. The amount outstanding is referred to as accounts receivable, or sometimes as trade debtors.
If the value of the accounts receivable is divided by the value of the average daily sale, then the resulting figure is the number of days sales which are outstanding. This number is referred to by a number of different names including days sales outstanding, accounts receivable days, days sales in receivables or debtor days.
Days Sales Outstanding in the Financial Projections Template
The financial projections template uses the value of days sales outstanding to calculate the year end accounts receivable based on the projected annual sales for the year.
Our free days sales calculator can be used to calculate a value for inclusion in the financial projections template.
Established Business Plan
For an established business, the days sales outstanding can be calculated from the latest set of accounts. The figures to use are the value of accounts receivable (debtors) from the balance sheet of the business, and the value of sales from the income statement.
For example, if the annual sales are 150,000 and the accounts receivable balance is 15,000, then the days sales outstanding is given by 15,000 / (150,000 / 365) = 36.5 days. This means that on average it takes the business 36.5 days to collect accounts receivable from its customers.
If the income statement is not for a full year, then divide the sales for the period by the number of days in the period, this will give the average daily sales over that period.
As a check, unless accounts receivable collection procedures are not being adhered to, the days sales outstanding should be similar to the credit terms offered to customers
Startup Business Model
The days sales outstanding for your business will depend on the type of industry in which it operates. A predominantly cash based business will have a very low days sales outstanding, in the order of a few days, whereas a manufacturing business might have a days sales outstanding in the region of 90 days or higher.
The figure to use for the days sales outstanding is the credit terms being offered to your customers, which should normally reflect the industry averages. If industry averages cannot be found, then use the published accounts of similar companies or competitors, and carry out the calculation described above for established businesses.
Ultimately, the value of days sales is the amount of credit your business is prepared to offer customers, and procedures need to be in place to ensure this is adhered to as part of the business plan. It is important to understand that a startup business might be required to offer beneficial terms or perhaps a free trial period in order to establish its business with new customers, and that even good customers will not always pay on time.
Having entered the days sales outstanding, the template calculates the accounts receivable at the end of each subsequent year by multiplying the days sales by the average daily sales for the year.
What’s the Next Step?
The next step in producing a five year financial projection for your business plan using our financial projections template is to determine the level of inventory days to be used in the projected balance sheets.
This is part of the How to Create Financial Projections Guide a series of posts on how our template is used to produce simple financial models for a business plan.
About the Author
Chartered accountant Michael Brown is the founder and CEO of Plan Projections. He has worked as an accountant and consultant for more than 25 years and has built financial models for all types of industries. He has been the CFO or controller of both small and medium sized companies and has run small businesses of his own. He has been a manager and an auditor with Deloitte, a big 4 accountancy firm, and holds a degree from Loughborough University.
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Your Black Friday plans are ready. You know which new TV your spouse wants. You know which Switch games to buy for your kids, and you’ve got a Ring doorbell on the list for your parents.
Now is the time to round out your gift list with presents that don’t have screens. You know you and your kids need a break. Whether it’s slowing brain development in little kids or pre-mature aging in adults, there are endless reasons to spend less time scrolling and clicking and playing in the blue light.
SEE: 20 screen-free gifts to engage the rest of your brain (TechRepublic)
This year, make some room on your gift list for presents with no screens. Your brain and maybe your wallet will thank you.
These 23 gift ideas will help you learn a new skill–like juggling or knitting–or connect you to something larger than yourself. Both activities are good for your brain.
The key to staying mentally sharp is developing new neural pathways. This is a bigger challenge than scrolling through your Twitter feed and will be painful at first. You’ll feel silly and self-conscious at first, though focus on the payoff:
Improved balance and proprioception: Your core muscles and your back will thank you.
Better concentration: You’ll get more done at work when you take a break from time to time.
Fun and satisfaction: There’s more to life than being perfectly productive.
Better social skills: Having no friends can be as bad for your health as having a heart attack.
Play a game
The days are short and cool in the Northern Hemisphere; it’s the perfect time for a board game.
If you’re tired of Uno and Ticket to Ride, try the Game of Thrones Board Game. If you were a fan before the HBO show (are the books better?) and already have the second edition, add on the Mother of Dragons expansion set.
If you don’t have three hours for a game, try Jaws. One player is the shark and up to three others can be the crew. You have two rounds to win by either eating the humans or killing the shark.
Learn something new
It’s OK to be bad at something–good for you even. Instead of freezing up and saying no to something you’ve never tried before, say yes. Stop worrying about what people will think and try knitting or making chainmail or balancing on a Vew-Do board. Learning a new skill builds neuroplasticity, which means you can stay mentally sharp as you get older. This group of screen-free gifts will let you:
Learning a new skill builds new neural pathways, which is good for the overall health of your brain. Plus, it takes practice and patience to become even a lousy juggler, and everyone needs more patience and persistence.
Try a new toy
Productivity is overrated, and pure fun is underrated. Gifts don’t always have to be practical or fancy to be worth giving. There’s no reason to limit sensory toys to kids. SLIME NEW YORK makes a treat worth any grown-up’s stocking. You can pick a scent for your high-end slime, as well as add-ins like glitter and sprinkles.
If you’re fresh out of ideas for new desk toys, consider the Ball of Whacks or the X-Ball. Each piece of both toys has a magnet in it. You start with a sphere, but there are many more geometric possibilities. You can make your own creations or recreate the designs in each toy’s guide book.
Solve a puzzle
Liberty Puzzles are expensive but worth every penny. The pieces are a quarter inch thick and made from wood. The pictures on the puzzles range from travel posters to maps to original illustrations. Each puzzle contains dozens of pieces in unique shapes, including people and flowers and animals. If meditation isn’t your thing, buy a Liberty Puzzle, and spend 10 minutes a day assembling it. Your blood pressure is bound to go down.
Join the space crowd
If you still need a gift for the person who has everything and spends too much time on screens, check out The Planetary Society. Carl Sagan founded it, and Bill Nye is the current president. The group empowers the world’s citizens to advance space science and exploration. This summer the society launched a nano-satellite into space powered by a Light Sail. The satellite is the first spacecraft in Earth orbit prowered solely by sunlight.
Memberships range from $50 to $30,000 per year; if you’re a member, you get your name sent to space on select space missions.
Dark Web: A cheat sheet for professionals (TechRepublic)
Tech conferences and events to catch in 2019 (TechRepublic download)
Policy pack: Workplace ethics (TechRepublic Premium)
Remote working 101: Professional’s guide to the tools of the trade (ZDNet)
5 best standing desk converters for 2019 (CNET)
The 10 most important iPhone apps of all time (Download.com)
Tech history: Check out our coverage (TechRepublic on Flipboard)
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The pursuit of bilingualism in a child can be affected by phases that the child undergoes en route to discovering their unique cultural identity (which can be a unification of different cultures). This discovery is something parents should not interfere with or impose on, but left up to the child. The most parents can do for their children is to—at the first opportunity—teach their native languages and the culture it represents, at equal
Language acquisition starts at birth. The child is exposed to a spoken language and the Phonological system starts working. This system is responsible of recognizing the sound of a language. This spoken language entails phonemes, phonotactics, stress pattern and intonation system all of them included in the same received sound. Therefore, children have to differentiate all these elements every time they are exposed to the speech of those close to them and somehow children do that and they are not only able to differentiate the elements found in their native languages but also switch languages with this language’s characteristics if they are exposed to another language
Language development is a critical part of a child’s overall development. Language encourages and supports a child’s ability to communicate. Through language, a child is able to understand and define his or her’s feelings and emotions. It also introduces the steps to thinking critically as well as problem-solving, building and maintaining relationships. Learning a language from a social perspective is important because it gives the child the opportunity to interact with others and the environment.
Language is a verbal tool that humans use to communicate and obtain knowledge. It is a combination of oral language, which can be understood as verbal communication and literacy, which is reading and writing. The development of language starts when a baby is born so that the affectation of language in early years is significantly essential. This process not only helps children in grasping and communicating but also lays a starting point for their growth in future. There are two constituents that play an important role on language development are nature and nurture.
Among the two, which one is better? Cognitive and language development both contribute to a child’s development specifically on thinking and speaking. However, if I were to choose among the two developments, for me it would be the cognitive. Why? Even if language focuses on a child’s ability be able to understand and speak a language, it is better if the child knows how to think, learn, and solve problems as they grow in order for them to figure out how things work in their surrounding and how they will be able to stand on their own once they encounter a problem.
The static phonological awareness task cannot identify EFL learners who may have trouble in learning to read or spelling. In fact, static assessment is often used by teachers based on its rapid and convenient features, but it is difficult to realize whether low language performance on a language measure is due to lack of language learning experiences or language learning disabilities. In contrast, the present study shows that the dynamic phonological awareness can provide EFL learners more opportunities to demonstrate their learning potential for early literacy success. Obviously, in the present study, most EFL students who lacking of English learning experience could truly try obtain assistances through the dynamic assessment of phonological awareness. If students did not make any progress during the period of dynamic assessment, they could consider in taking more accurate and specific diagnosis in relation to reading
This means that the way a person interacts with other people and the culture that they live in helps to shape who they are, and how they think and process things. Vygotsky believed that our parents, relatives, peers, society, and community plays a vital role in our development (Scott & Palincsar, n.d.). According to the belief of Vygotsky, he felt that “children are born with the basic biological constraints on their minds. Each culture provides the “tools of intellectual adaptation” allowing children to use their basic mental abilities in a way that is adaptive to the culture in which they live” (Cherry, 2017).
Appropriate social and emotional skills help children develop the skills they need for cooperation, following directions, self-control and paying attention. These skills are innate, however in the school setting have become a part of everyday learning. Especially since social and emotional competencies are critical for children 's success, in school as well as in other settings, and later phases of life into adulthood. (Darling, 2016, p. 3). Developing social-emotional skills in children help them persist on challenging tasks, and effectively seek help when they need it along with exhibiting thoughtfulness in their actions.
Child-Directed play is important because it allows children to find practice necessary skills like overcoming obstacles, problem-solving, effectively communicating feelings, and working with others who may have different ideas and points of view. It also encourages development of children 's skills such as cognitive, emotional, social and physical. It is a necessary part of every child 's life. In experiments conducted by Webster-Stratton & Reid, the difference between child-directed play and adult-directed play are shown. In the experiment, a five-year-old boy, Dylan who had shown aggressive behavior towards people and threw tantrums, was asked to participate in child-led play with his parents.
In this type of discipline gives different effect on the child’s development. The various approaches can even influence the child’s behaviour, emotions, thoughts and perception. Within this approaches it helps us understand on how we can take care of our children making them grow better. In making our children choose the right path, it is our responsibility to help them accomplish this goal.
Parent Handbook: Goals: Can identify 6 body parts from a picture. Says Full Name Sings songs and finger plays Can say and use 500 or more words Able to balance on one foot Identifies colors when asked (Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, and Purple) Philosophy: Our classrooms philosophy is play-based, the lesson plans and how we teacher grow and develop with the children as the year moves on. Different areas of development that we want to help progress and encourage are their literacy skills, social and emotional development, and their problem solving skills.
Developmentally appropriate practice implies that educationalists need to consider first about what young children are like and then create an environment and experiences that are attuned to child’s characteristics. According to children’s needs and interests, teachers apply their knowledge about the child development to design a program to fit them and help them accomplish challenging and attainable purposes. There are five key components of developmentally appropriate practice. Firstly, we should create a caring community of learners. Secondly, teaching has to enhance development and learning.
Interactions between an adult and child during the early years are vital for their development and learning, as they are still grasping day-to-day skills and understanding new life concepts. Children learn and develop their language and literacy skills through interactions with others; they begin by absorbing, listening and then imitating and practising (Buckely 2003) Learning environments that promote language and literacy development are environments which expose and encourage children to interact with various forms of print. Behaviourists such as Skinner (1953) argue that language acquisition and development are learned through observation of behaviours in their social environment; these behaviours are then practiced through imitation by the child. Children learn through imitating what they see others do or how they behaviour, play is the most important learning tool for children to construct meaning of these behaviours.
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"Where focus flows, energy goes."
As we discussed in the article What is Spiritual Energy?, spiritual energy is directed by attention. Where the mind and attention goes, our energy flows. If you want to send energy to someone/something, just focus on them/it. It is very simple when explained like this, but not all attention/energy will produce the same effect.
Before we can send the maximum amount of energy, we must have the maximum amount of focus. This is where meditation comes in. We must train ourselves to be able to draw the most amount of focus/energy from our thoughts and distractions and apply it to what we actually want to empower with our energy. This is done through deep relaxation and intense practice.
"The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others."
Through deep contemplation, we come to the understanding that spiritual energy is carried by pure love, and is maximally invoked by any true spiritual or humanitarian motive. When you take the attention off of "you," and intend to send someone else love, you stop existing as a separate human and become the love you wish to send them. This is why we paradoxically become happier when we focus less on our own happiness.
It should be stressed that sending energy is a natural process – not a supernatural one. The energy comes from God/Consciousness – as all things do – but it is nevertheless an aspect of nature, albeit a higher aspect which science as we know it does not yet fully understand.
While focusing on who you would like to send energy to, you can utilize visualizations to further power the energy. Your imagination is the limit. You can picture the person surrounded by a bath of white light, which is the visual representation of pure love. You can further imagine this person in a state of pure bliss and happiness as a result of receiving this love and light.
In addition to visualizations, there are also more powerful tools to boost your available energy. Perhaps the most valuable such tool is the chanting of mantras.
A mantra is simply energy in written form. Each mantra represents a certain sound frequency. When we chant a particular sound, our energy begins to vibrate at the frequency of the sound. With the repetition of the sounds, we remain in a higher vibrational state according to the mantra being chanted. The more chants we can recite, the more energy we will receive as a result. For this reason, spiritual technology such as the prayer wheel have been developed to allow the chanting of more mantras.
The prayer wheel is truly an invaluable resource to supercharge the power of mantras. It is very potent, yet underutilized spiritual technology.
A prayer wheel is a cylindrical container which houses mantras coiled around an axel in the center. When spun clockwise, the energy of the mantra is activated. By spinning many mantras in a prayer wheel, we receive the same benefits as having recited that many mantras. As we can spin alot faster than we can chant, this is an invaluable tool to enhance our practice.
The way it works is explained once again through consciousness. By spinning it right to left (clockwise), the mantras are spinning past our vision from left to right, just as we would read them. Even without stopping to read each one, a deeper part of us (subconscious) picks up on and registers them as they pass by, activating them through our consciousness to develop the intended effect. We must remain as conscious as possible while spinning a prayer wheel in order to get the most benefit. Our mind must not stray, but even if it does, the effects are still received. More articles on the benefits of prayer wheels are to come.
The typical mantra housed in a prayer wheel is Om Mani Padme Hum, written in sanskrit above. According to Tibetan culture, it is said that all the teachings of Buddha are contained in the mantra Om Mani Padme Hum, and that to know the phrase is to know enlightenment. Supposedly, contained in this verse is the truth of the nature of suffering and how to remove its root cause.
But there is a bit of a dilemma; the translation from sanskrit to english is very tough. The definition is actually not possible in english, as it emcompasses energetic patterns rather than linguistic understanding.
Interestingly, each of the 6 syllables has certain Sanskrit meanings that are important. These oppose the internal forces that cause suffering (karma).
Om- Om is the sound or "vibration" of the universe. Universe means "one tone," and refers to the tone of OM. This sound is the most important of all; but in the context of chanting and mantras, it is meant to destroy attachments to ego and establish generosity.
Ma-Removes the attachment to jealousy and establishes ethics.
Ni- Removes the attachment to desire and establishes patience.
Pad- Removes the attachment to prejudice and establishes perserverance.
Me- Removes the attachment to possessiveness and establishes concentration
Hum-Removes the attachment to hatred and establishes wisdom.
Together, these syllables become even more powerful, as the sum of the whole is greater than the sum of its separate parts. This mantra is most important to establishing peace and compassion for others, while also realizing that you are others.
Although this mantra is the most popular found in a prayer wheel, any mantra can be used for any desired effect.
Below you can find examples of prayer wheels you can purchase. Purchasing through these links helps to support Transcendent Vibes and will provide immeasurable value to your life and the lives of others. We highly recommend the Tibet Tech Hand-held Prayer Wheel (the first link below), as it is the most powerful hand-held prayer wheel in existence. It contains billions of healing and purifying mantras. We personally use this prayer wheel everyday and find the energy to be quite powerful and peaceful.
If you want to experience a prayer wheel in action, head over to the Digital Temple.
Finally, in order to send energy, we can also make use of what are called mudras. This refers to specific ways of positioning the hands in order to channel energy in a specific pattern, bringing about varied effects. When we place our hands in certain forms, we can bring about different energy qualities. Below is the universal mudra for sending love and light to others. By placing your hands up and opening your chest, you are opening your heart energy center and diffusing love outwards from it.
Try for yourself today by heading over the earth energy meditation. With the combined use of the sending mudra, chanting, and/or prayer wheels, you can make a real difference in the amount of love and peace in the world.
"What is real cannot be threatened, what is unreal does not exist. Herein lies the peace of god."
-A Course in Miracles
This must be prefaced by saying that there can never be a real crisis in the sense of risk to a being's true nature. Nothing operates outside of consciousness and therefore everything is always in a state of perfection, gracefully guided by god/pure consciousness. Nothing can damage consciousness.
The only risk present in this life is suffering, which is sadly a reality for many beings. Fortunately, suffering is fundamentally unnecessary and is easily overcome. In order to transcend suffering, we must first understand why we suffer.
"Life is change." Growth is optional. Choose wisely."
It is a hard pill for many to swallow, but all of our suffering in this life comes from our own free will actions and thoughts. As described by Buddha in the four noble truths of buddhism, one of the major causes of pain is attachment. Attachment is brought upon by ignorance.
Material life is change, nothing stays the same indefinitely in this world. As such, it is natural for us to go with the flow and accept the change as it comes and constantly be ready to adapt to more. As Darwin stated, the species with the highest survival rate is the species most adaptable to change.
Due to ignorance of what's to come in the future, we can tend to resist change. We grow attached to how something is, and subsequently fear whatever unknown change may come. A lot of the times, the change may have benefited us in a constructive way in hindsight, but it may have been miserable at the moment.
Let's say you get laid off from a job. It may be hard to deal with at first and you may resist, but the very act of losing it may open up something else for your life. You may offered a better job, or even become self employed and end up living a more fulfilling life as a result of what seemed like a negative at the time. Our constant labeling of things as "good or bad" creates undue stress and pain when we do not understand why things occur from a higher perspective.
"Karma moves in two directions. If we act virtuously, the seed we plant will result in happiness. If we act non-virtuously, suffering results."
Another major cause of suffering in this life is material desire and the "karma" it produces. The word karma means "action," and describes what we do in this life.
As stated scientifically in Isaac Newton's third law of motion, for every action there is an equal an opposite reaction. For example, if you punch a brick wall, the amount of force your fist exerted on the wall will be returned to your fist by the wall. This is an integral function of the universe, to display to us the effect of an action by demonstrating the equal yet opposite response. It is also keeps us responsible for what we create by allowing us to reap what we sow.
A lot of people view this as a form of universal justice and "what goes around comes around," but it is a little more complex than that. Whenever we act, our action is not from us to "others," but in actuality us to us. Everyone we experience is actually an aspect of ourselves that we are being shown almost as a mirror to view our own traits, and inherently cannot be separated. Therefore, every action we take remains with us as it is us.
Rather than seeing it as a boomerang that comes back to the spot it was thrown from, it is more accurately described as follows. Imagine you lived in a snow globe, completely surrounding you but also being part of you. This would represent your energetic field. If you made a mess within the globe, the mess would remain there until it was cleaned or dealt with. In the same manner, anything we do remains with us energetically as emotion, and remains there until cleared.
Let's say someone upset you and you sought revenge. Due to ignorance, you do not see that this person is also you and you seek to harm them (whether physically or emotionally). Any hurt or energy you project at this person would also be projected at you, as you that person. This would then lead to suffering, as you must endure the pain you caused.
We must first conceive an action in our mind before we can take it. Therefore, the quality of our action is dictated by the quality of our thoughts. The quality of our thoughts are dictated on how much knowledge/consciousness we have to view the world from. You can imagine this consciousness as a window, the more you have the better you can see what lies beyond. Therefore, the quality of our life is dependent on how close to pure consciousness, or god, we are.
When we do not truly understand our own nature, we tend to think in terms of solidity. We develop material desires based on survival in this world and progressing materially. The actions taken by the following of these material desires only bring us back more material desires, as we can never truly be satisfied without the spiritual. We continue to seek more material things, getting bored with the newly acquired things when newer, shinier ones become available. This then continues to bring material things as a reaction, leaving you trapped in the physical.
Simply existing within the physical is suffering, as it is not our true state. If we could witness our true state, it would mostly resemble a body of constantly moving rainbow colored light from a human perspective (as shown above). In this form, we are pure consciousness and in a perpetual state of simply being. When we live in a mortal state, we are subject to pain, illness, and death, as nothing in the material can live indefinitely. As pure consciousness, we cannot suffer or die, we can only continue to be and create. If we are ignorant of our true form as a being of pure consciousness, we are subject to living a material life. We have defined ourselves by our ego (name, physical appearance, hobbies,etc.), and are therefore no longer pure potential.
To sum up, suffering is primarily due to ignorance. It should be noted that ignorance is the opposite of consciousness (god), therefore represents what some religions personify as the "devil."
To now understand why ignorance occurs, we must first understand the cycles of creation.
Everything begins in a state of perfection and wholeness after creation. Through the progression of what we call time, it begins to deteriorate and eventually returns to a state of nothingness. This is seen in the life cycles of animals, plants, and even the whole universe.
This is represented in the hindu concept of "yugas," referring to an epoch or era within a four age cycle. The progression is as follows: Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga. There is a similar concept in greek mythology which labels the ages as Golden, Silver, Bronze and Iron.
The reason for this gradual decline is a very natural process; just as an apple begins ripe after creation and decays over time, the entire creation is subject to decay over time.
Rather than going Satya--> Treta--> Dvapara--> Kali--> and then restarting with Satya, we observe upward and downward cycles. Starting at Satya, a downward spiral from consciousness leads us to Kali, and then an upward spiral back to consciousness brings us back to Satya.
Many people claim we are currently in the Kali yuga, according to calculations from ancient texts. It is stated that conditions on earth are to get worst, and the news seem to reflect that.
It was calculated that a yuga lasts around 432,000 years, placing us currently in the final age. In opposition, a spiritual researcher named Sri Yukteswar recalculated from the scriptures and stated a yuga to actually only be 24,000 years long, putting us not in the Kali Yuga but in the Dvapara.
According to the recalculations, the Kali Yuga ended in 1700 AD. This would make more sense, as the medieval times were quite more reflective of an age of ignorance than is today. We have come a long way scientifically and have certainly raised our consciousness since then.
In this era of Dvapara, we all must do our part to continue the increase of consciousness in man and the relief of suffering of all. This can be accomplished through the sending and receiving of spiritual energy.
“No man should think himself a zero, and think he can do nothing about the state of the world" -Bernard M. Baruch
We can all help heal the world, even without leaving our own house! Anyone can send and receive spiritual energy, and in doing so drastically change the world for the better. It is as natural to us as walking or breathing.
In this day and age when lower emotions continue to plague many, it is infinitely more valuable to provide loving service to others than even meditating for thousands of years. Not doing any active harm is of course better than the reverse – but it is still not enough. Nor is self-improvement on its own enough – however spiritual it may be. To heal the world, we have to go out of our way to help others to bring about a positive change in their lives as well. There are many ways to do this – and many wonderful people – of all the great religions, and even of no religion – who perform various kinds of invaluable service in this respect. You can too!
Spiritual energy can heal others in mind and body – and most importantly raise consciousness thereby helping people to rise above the weaknesses of greed, materialism, violent emotion, hate, jealousy, desire for vengeance and so on. In sending love and light to others, you are raising them up along with yourself, as we are one integrated whole.
We are also working to change the collective karma of the human race. The more good we do – the more service we perform – the better the karma. The better each individual’s karma, the better the karma of the world. Improving the world karma has a direct effect on the conditions on Earth and all of its inhabitants.
No matter what the mainstream media portrays, conditions are getting better everyday. We are becoming more tolerant, more understanding, and more unified in time. More spiritual energy is becoming available as the universe becomes more conscious of itself. Newer generations are improving, and many children come into this world nowadays with extraordinary talents. We really are moving towards a golden era and towards perfection, and the key is increasing consciousness through the giving and receiving of spiritual energy.
To help out, head over to the earth energy meditation and send healing love and light to the earth's energy centers. This would effect the entire consciousness of the planet, thereby effecting the beings who inhabit it. You can also send love to others from the community in the Transcended Garden.
“If you want to know the secrets of the universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration.”
– Nikola Tesla.
To reiterate from the last post What is spiritual energy?, we are not truly physical or material but a conglomeration of perpetually moving energies crystallized into "form" (or what appears to be form). This ensemble of energies-which may have a multitude of different pitches or tones, has a collective frequency. It is very important to think of life in terms of frequency/vibration, as everything that exists in our world must have a frequency.
Frequency is defined as the rate per second of a vibration constituting a wave, which simply put, refers to the amount of times a wave of energy bounces around a midline.
The more times the waves go left and right about the midline, the higher the frequency. As you can see from the picture, the higher frequency waves move more as the lower frequencies remain more stagnant.
As we see from the electromagnetic spectrum (shown below), what we can perceive through our senses is a very small portion of reality. What the human eye can see is represented by the visible light spectrum below. These comprise the colors Red-Orange-Yellow-Green-Blue-Indigo-Violet.
From an analytical left brain perspective, frequency manifests itself to us visually as color. A change in color is simply a change in vibratory rate of the wave. Red has the lowest frequency, while violet has the highest frequency of the colors.
As the frequency continues to increase past the violet color, it becomes ultraviolet and invisible to us. Similarly, as a body increases it's consciousness and frequency, it begins to vibrate higher than what we can see with our human eyes, thus making the being "transcended." In terms of frequency, they are no longer visible to us from our current material existence. In terms of consciousness, they have grown conscious, or aware of more levels of existence. They have transcended the material reality and are able to shift in and out of this world, just as a radio set changes frequency in order to perceive a different effect.
If you listen to 106.1 on the radio for example, you cannot also hear the music on 97.9. If you then change the dial to listen to 97.9, you would no longer be able to perceive the music on 106.1. In the same manner, life as we know it is simply of band of frequencies we are experiencing, and we can change the dial if we want so to speak.
From an intuitive, right brain perspective, frequency manifests itself to us as emotions. The predominant emotion we feel determines our vibratory rate, with emotions such as love and joy having higher frequencies than emotions such as hate and fear.
The scale below demonstrates the differing frequencies of each emotion, on a system of units from 1-1,000. 1 would represent someone living at the lowest level but still being a part of the material world, while 1,000 would represent someone living at the highest level of existence within the material world.
Emotions that are higher in frequency such as love and peace feel lighter and softer to us, making them generally more attractive. Emotions that are low in frequency like shame and guilt weigh us down and make us feel stagnant. Our general health and mood is determined by how well our energy is flowing and how high our frequency is.
Although we may be experiencing a predominant emotion at any given moment, we could alternately experience another in the next. The reason for this can be more than hormonal.
Our emotions are truly energy forms at certain frequencies (depending on the emotion). When we repress emotions we do not want to experience, they can become stored within our body and can be released spontaneously through experiences in our life. For example, someone can minorly inconvenience us and completely throw off our mood regardless of how it was before. If you find yourself reacting to something more than what is necessary for the situation, you are most likely experiencing old emotions that are resurfacing to be let go of.
These old emotions can operate like programs running in the background of a computer without any conscious awareness. Although we have not fully finished experiencing the emotion associated with an event, we move on into a new "browser window" so to speak. The old browser windows that are still up take up precious battery and energy that could be used for other things, all while remaining outside of our view. We must exit out of all of these programs in order to increase our frequency as much as possible.
These energy patterns that stay with us are representative of what is known as "karma," and can disrupt our life if left untreated. They are simply energy patterns that continue to repeat.
Fortunately they are very easy to remove, along with the subsequent effect they cause in our lives. For more information on how to remove these patterns from your life, stay tuned for our next article entitled "How to eliminate karma."
From an energy/frequency standpoint, we must remove the old, stagnant energy forms within our ensemble of energies in order to raise our frequency. This will free up space for our systems to incorporate more energy and to feel lighter, happier and healthier. In this manner, we can remove all of our sufferings and live a life of maximum bliss.
We are entrepreneurs, spiritual seekers, and healers looking to help improve the lives of all beings through the work on this blog; here you will find a library of our wisdom. Take what you find, vibe with the resonance of your truth, and let this be the path to your transcendence.
Disclaimer: All information provided on and taken from this blog is at your own risk. All content of this blog is intended for informational and entertainment purposes.
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For some reason this phrase came to mind the other day … and got stuck. In fact, “it” was leading to a post that I thought would have been here by now. The surge behind it was strong, pressing through me, seeking a pen … or fingers flailing. And the letters came, one leaning into another … and another, word upon word, sentence following sentence … until I stopped.
I stopped, not because I was finished, but because I recognized I was talking in circles (as I surely do at times 🙂 ). And so I cut a bit and threw some words in the air to see where they landed, leading to what you find below … perhaps not circles, but certainly not stretched out into nice straight lines … because that would be a bit boring.
Curiosity about the phrase’s origin initially led me to the net and I found it associated with Socrates … as well as with Euripides, although I tend toward embracing the former vs. the latter. With our friend Socrates, the link takes us into the midst of his trial … and the whole notion of “questioning” was the proverbial elephant in the room. And in case you don’t remember, it didn’t turn out too well for the ole boy.
And just as he insisted, I believe the purpose of questions is to corral the elusive “truths,” if indeed it is possible to do so. Now mind you, this may not be the pastime of the masses, but the motivation for its pursuit is just as worthy as any other in my estimation. Consider the age old question, “why did you feel compelled to climb that mountain?” And the answer? “Because it where I’m going here.
Where does it end? When does a blessing shun its dress to reveal the cursing it covers? Indeed, perhaps questioning everything … ad infinitum … would be a questionable undertaking. Perhaps? And perhaps, could question upon question leave little room for any answer to be received, settle in … and take root? Hmmmmm … that’s a pretty damn good question.
When this phrase came to mind earlier this week, the following words came to the page rather quickly:
Truth invites questions, relishing the inquiry of a searching soul.
Deceit is not so daring, in fact, a bit dodgy my friend.
And so it is that questions may not necessarily reveal a solid answer … a particular “truth,” all the time, but they are quite capable of casting light upon darkness … if indeed one is willing to see and hear.
Ask a question and you will see in the eyes of another, if they seek to deceive.
Ask a question and you will hear the words as they quiver in their attempt to endear.
And so … questions may certainly end up telling us more than answers ever will.
Leading to this one final question: “What the hell just happened?”
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In this project, funded by the State of Pennsylvania, we study the use of big data methods to combine multi-modal data to study clinical event prediction in the hospital, during transitions to the outpatient setting, and at the community level.
In this project, funded by Anthem, Inc., we utilize CareMore data to identify and categorize high needs patients based on their clinical and demographic characteristics, as well as utilization patterns. We examine the impact of CareMore’s end stage renal disease (ESRD) care model on the quality outcomes and cost of care that is patients receive.
The objective of this VA-funded pilot study is to assess the impact of the COVID pandemic on access to and utilization of cancer care among Veterans with localized, curable cancers that are primarily treated with surgery and/or radiation.
The main objective of this VA funded study is to apply statistical and machine learning clustering methods to classify high-need, high-cost (HNHC) Veterans into clinically actionable subgroups based on detailed clinical information extending beyond diagnosis codes.
The objective of this project is to examine unfairness in the VA Care Assessment Needs (CAN) Algorithm and develop approaches to mitigate it, with the long-term goal of developing clinically-applicable, fair risk algorithms that reduce health disparities by more effectively allocating resources to high-risk Veterans.
The objective of this project is to improve the value of care and reduce health disparities by developing a set of powerful algorithms to consistently improve upon human clinical judgments. We will begin by addressing the foundational question: how can machine learning methods be used on claims and clinical data to accurately predict future clinical events? Our test case will be detecting sepsis in patients in the emergency department (ED), using existing data infrastructure on sepsis care from the University of Pennsylvania Health System.
This test case will help us 1) develop a framework for identifying applications of ML to clinical problems related to clear clinical need—areas where doctors currently make poor decisions, 2) develop a generalizable framework for identifying where in clinical decision-making and workflow machine intelligence will be most impactful and most accepted, and 3) identify decisions where knowledge possessed by humans and inaccessible to algorithms improves predictions.
In this Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF 7283) funded project, we study how machine learning based predictive models can be used to improve emergency room physician decisions for sepsis patients.
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Donald Trump is right: Ted Cruz has a problem. By raising the “birther” issue, Trump is planting the seeds for a legal challenge should Cruz ultimately win the Republican presidential nomination. At the moment, Trump is hoping that all he has to do to stop Cruz’s rise in the polls is to question whether the senator is even eligible to become president. But Trump won’t stop there if Cruz’s growing supporters don’t defect over the birther issue.
The issue is complicated, and the merits have never been fully litigated. Federal law confers automatic citizenship to any child born outside the United States as long as one parent is a U.S. citizen at the time of the birth and meets other specific criteria. In Cruz’s case, though he was born in Canada and his father was not a U.S. citizen, his mother was. In order to be granted automatic citizenship by law in 1970, Cruz had to have one parent who not only was a U.S. citizen, by birth or naturalization, but also had lived in the United States for at least 10 years — at least five of them after the age of 14.
Cruz’s American-born mother met all the qualifications, so he was born a U.S. citizen. Case closed? I think so — and most constitutional scholars agree, but not all.
A small group of constitutional scholars argues that eligibility is far more restrictive. The debate centers around a single sentence in Article 2 of the Constitution: “No Person except a natural born Citizen … shall be eligible to the Office of President.” In an op-ed for The Washington Post this week, Widener University law professor Mary Brigid McManamon claims that the phrase “natural born Citizen,” which appears only once in the Constitution, means that only people born on U.S. soil are eligible to become president. She asserts that the Founding Fathers included the phrase to adopt the English common law definition of citizenship — jus soli, or the law of the soil — which conferred citizenship on the basis of birthplace.
So does this arcane issue really matter? Most voters seem to dismiss it, with a new Bloomberg Politics/Des Moines Register poll showing that 83 percent of Iowans don’t care that Cruz was born in Canada. But polls don’t settle constitutional issues; courts do. All it will take to cause major problems for Cruz is a lawsuit.
If Cruz continues to eat into Trump’s support by winning Iowa and picking up Trump supporters in South Carolina, Nevada and elsewhere, you can bet Trump will call in his lawyers. He says he wouldn’t want to win that way — for now, at least — but he is famously litigious.
Meanwhile, Cruz is being pushed to deal with questions about his eligibility, which throws his campaign off track. There is some delicious irony in Cruz’s predicament. After all, he wants to deny birthright citizenship to children born in the United States to parents who are here illegally. He acknowledges that doing so would require amending the Constitution, because the 14th Amendment clearly states that people born on U.S. soil are citizens. But as satisfying as it might be to hoist Cruz with his own nativist petard, the constitutional issue is more important than Cruz.
If Cruz had more friends in Congress, he might be able to pre-empt a legal challenge by getting legislation passed to make clear that citizenship at birth, not whether a person was actually born on U.S. soil, satisfies the constitutional requirement of “natural born Citizen.” Alas, not many members of either party are likely to come to his aid.
Ted Cruz indeed has a problem. And his name is Donald Trump.
Linda Chavez is the author of “An Unlikely Conservative: The Transformation of an Ex-Liberal.” Talk back at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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|Action||Amendments Regarding Use of Controversial or Sensitive Instructional Materials|
|Comment Period||Ends 1/15/2014|
Listen to the majority of the responses on this topic and vote no. As has been already stated, who's definition of "sensitive material" will we be using? Please redirect the time and energy you are spending on this topic to an area that will actually benefit students, parents, and teachers.
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One advantage of going to lots of summer ed-tech conferences is learning about great tools to integrate in my classroom.
When all of your students are connected to the same kinds of devices, it’s much easier to know whether a tool will work for everyone.
But what if they’re in a BYOD (bring your own device) environment and everyone is working off a different piece of tech?
Go web-based, says Leslie Fisher, keynote speaker extraordinaire who spoke in Indiana several times this summer. (I’m borrowing three of her suggestions for this post.)
If you stay “device agnostic,” she told us, and run them out of a web browser, there’s a better chance that everyone will get to work without focusing too much time on troubleshooting.
More time on task. Less time on tech. Because ideally, the tech should be transparent.
At least the first four of these digital tools should be “device agnostic” and workable on about any web-enabled device. The last one is in beta and may or may work, but it’s worth sharing.
Here are five great digital tools (all free!), pulled from my tons of professional learning this summer. I’m only passing along the best!
If you’ve used Socrative, Formative is very similar … but it has a very cool twist worth checking out.
The cool twist — DRAW YOUR ANSWER.
Leslie Fisher (mentioned above) asked a whole auditorium full of teachers to draw what they had for breakfast one day. It was engaging just seeing what others in the room drew and how they drew it. It was of course hilarious to see what some of them had (or didn’t have) (or claimed to have). I can see immediate connections for reading comprehension and math … among others.
This one’s getting popular quickly, but it’s on the list for those who haven’t seen it yet. Kahoot! turns your classroom into a color-rich, music-infused game show. Set your questions up through Kahoot! and invite students to join the game on their devices. Then, as questions are asked, their devices turn into game show clickers where they click or tap the correct answer.
In Leslie Fisher’s keynote — where hundreds were playing the same Kahoot! game — and in workshops I led this summer, Kahoot! games were the most lively part of the whole day. It’s such a fun way to review and do basic assessment. A word of caution: these “guess as fast as you can” activities dont’t work well with creative thought and reasoning. (I learned about research on this in Dan Pink’s TED Talk on motivation.) I’m planning on using very basic questions with Kahoot! and saving my deeper-thinking questions for other activities.
Anyone who writes wants their work to be read — and understood. Hemingway App highlights the trouble spots in your writing so you can revise and be easily understood. Copy and paste your writing into the editor at HemingwayApp.com and see what it flags.
It analyzes the grade level that could understand your writing and counts paragraphs, sentences, words and characters. Using colored highlighting, it points out hard-to-read sentences, sentences with adverbs, complicated sentences and passive-voice sentences. Make a change on the page and watch the highlight disappear. It’s easy to use and can be utilized on practically any device!
This isn’t a new tool, but I’ve seen a new implementation in the classroom that I love. Scoop.it lets you find pages on the web and gather a collection of them, adding a summary of your thoughts/opinions about them for others to see. It’s a great curation tool and is almost like a mini-blog about what you write.
Bill Ferriter, a teacher in North Carolina and well read education blogger, helped some of his students extend their learning by curating a Scoop.it page. Bill’s students created a project on the New York City soda ban, where selling of large sodas was outlawed. The students used their page to bring awareness to the ban. Bill allowed them a finite number of sources to highlight in their Scoop.it page, so they had to be choosy.
If you’ve ever tried to explain to someone what button to click or where to go when you can’t see their computer, appear.in may be the solution you’ve been looking for. It’s a simple way to invite someone to a video call and show them your screen.
You can invite someone to an appear.in call in one click. Once there, click the “start screenshare” button to share your screen. This can be very useful for showing students or colleagues what steps they need to take on their own devices.
What websites, apps or other digital tools have you learned about recently? Share them by leaving a comment below!
Interested in having Matt present at your event or school? Contact him by e-mail!
Please log in again. The login page will open in a new tab. After logging in you can close it and return to this page.
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There was a demonstration in Annapolis the other weekend that showed people’s attitude toward government-imposed restrictions on people and businesses. I am not talking about the event held by ReOpen Maryland on May 15, in which a couple of hundred demonstrators assembled at the State House.
That was a sideshow, although the heavy police presence and the many reporters on the ground and in the air made it seem otherwise.
I mean the truly massive demonstration that took place the next day, when thousands of people descended on downtown Annapolis. Luxuriating in the bright sunshine and warm temperatures, they crowded City Dock with little pretense to social distancing, sitting cheek to jowl along the sea wall surrounding Ego Alley. Pedestrians were everywhere — along Dock, Randal, and Main Streets — and traffic was jammed.
Some shops were open, and potential customers browsed in them. Some restaurants were busy, too. Prohibitions against sit-down dining, combined with the ability to sell takeaway food and drink, meant that people were wandering around, sipping from open containers of booze. It was one big street party.
The only people who didn’t turn out in big numbers, it seemed, were police and reporters. Perhaps, they were tuckered out after Friday’s rally.
Despite the differing turnouts and tones, the two events sent the same clear and unmistakable message: people are fed up with their communities being run in accordance with executive orders. Both were pure “people power.” The Saturday event was just on a scale that was far beyond the police to control.
This phenomenon is not limited to Annapolis. Across the country, people are increasingly chaffing under restrictions imposed by governors, mayors, and county executives using emergency powers and acting outside of the legislative process. They claim their fiats are based on science and data, but too often they seem merely capricious.
For example, Michigan’s governor has decreed that buying vegetables is okay, but buying vegetable seeds in the same store is not. In Minnesota, the governor says shopping at Walmart and Home Depot is fine but attending church services is verboten. In many states, marijuana and liquor stores can operate, but barbershops and hair salons cannot.
Another reason people are flouting these restrictions is the inconsistency of expert advice. In January, experts — such as the World Health Organization — lambasted President Donald Trump’s decision to stop flights from hotspots in China and Italy, saying it was premature and unnecessary. By early March, they grudgingly agreed he was right. Early on, experts told the public that they shouldn’t wear masks unless they were sick. Today, they tell us everyone should wear masks.
Perhaps most annoying to people, however, is that politicians appear to be playing bait-and-switch. The stated goal of the lockdowns was to “flatten the curve.” We needed to stretch the infection rate out over a relatively long time to keep our medical system from being overwhelmed. No one claimed that the disease would be stopped. Just slowed until we reach “herd immunity.” But, now, many politicians are claiming restrictions must continue until scientists find a cure or develop a vaccine.
Adding to people’s ire is the reaction of these politicians whenever their actions are questioned. Rather than patiently explain or demonstrate the “science,” many seem angry that anyone would dare challenge them. Some petulantly threaten to extend their restrictions until people shut up and do as they’re told.
Americans certainly are willing to sacrifice to help achieve an important, clearly stated goal. But when politicians move the goalposts apparently on a whim; peremptorily trample civil rights and restrict business; and sneer at those who don’t unquestioningly obey, they lose their moral authority.
That’s when, as they did in Annapolis, the people will ignore them and vote with their feet.
Mike Collins is a long-time resident of Annapolis.
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Acronicta fragilis (Guenée, 1852)
Fragile Dagger Moth
WA : Stevens Co.
Chewelah Mt., 4594 ft
June 22, 2004, L. & E. Crabo.
Specimen courtesy of LGCC
Photograph copyright: Merrill A. Peterson
Acronicta fragilis is the smallest member of the genus in the Northwest (FW length 15 - 18 mm). It has a relatively broad dark gray forewing with a strongly dentate pale-filled postmedial line that has a square shape around the reniform spot. The forewing is powdery charcoal gray in the inland Northwest, slightly darker in the fold in the median area and on the distal wing opposite the cell and in the fold in some specimens. A very short basal dash is visible in some specimens. The basal, antemedial, and postmedial lines are black, double with nearly equally strong inner and outer components. The basal and antemedial lines are filled with the ground color. The irregular antemedial line is obliqued to the long axis of the wing. The postmedial line is strongly and evenly scalloped and is filled with light gray. The shape consists of straight segments connected by right angles: the transverse segments are a long line from below the costa to the fold and a shorter segment from the inferior reniform spot to the trailing margin. The median line is dark gray, usually evident near the costa. The subterminal line is pale and indistinct. A series of small black triangles between veins forms the terminal line. The fringe is weakly scalloped gray and dark gray. The orbicular and reniform spots are black in outline and filled with the ground color. The orbicular spot is found and usually filled with light gray and sometimes containing a small central ocellus. The reniform spot is less prominent, usually filled with diffuse gray centrally. The claviform spot is absent. The hindwing is pale whitish gray with a slight yellow cast and a sprinkling of gray scales towards the margin, a faint discal spot and postmedial line, a thin dark terminal line, and a fringe that is similar to the ground color. The head and thorax are even, similar to the forewing ground color. The male antenna is filiform.
This species is more likely to be confused with similar size gray Xestia species such as Xestia mixta and Xestia lupa than other Acronicta species. Both of these Xestia species are rare in the Northwest. The orbicular spot of these species are large and oval, not small and round as in A. fragilis. Males of these species can also be differentiated by the structure of the antennae, filiform in A. fragilis and biserrate with triangular segment in the Xestia species.
Acronicta fragilis is geographically variable in North America. Specimens from most of the Northwest are larger, darker, and less contrastingly patterned than populations in Eastern North America. However, some Pacific Coast populations are large and strikingly patterned with contrasting black and white.
This species is widely distributed in hardwood forests throughout much of North America. In the Pacific Northwest, it is usually rare and sporadic, but can be locally common. Habitats include riparian zones of coastal rainforests, mixed hardwood forests at low elevations west of the Cascades, and mixed hardwood-conifer forests at middle elevations in the Cascades and Rocky Mountains.
Acronicta fragilis is found in forests throughout our region. It is most common in southern British Columbia and the ranges associated with the western Rocky Mountains, including the Blue Mountains of southeastern Washington and northeastern Oregon and the Wasatch Mountains of southeastern Idaho. The most northerly records are from the vicinity of Hazelton, British Columbia. It also occurs near the Pacific Coast from Vancouver Island to northeastern Oregon.
The range of this species extends across Canada and the adjacent northern United States from central British Columbia and Alberta to the island of Newfoundland. It occurs south in the Appalachian chain to northern Georgia, but appears to be absent from the Rocky Mountains south of Idaho.
In eastern North America, this species is a foodplant generalist feeding on a wide variety of hardwood trees and shrubs including Betulaceae and Rosaceae. In the Pacific Northwest, cherries (Prunus spp.), apples (Malus spp.), and roses (Rosa spp.) may be favored foodplants.
Acronicta fragilis flies most commonly in late spring to early July in our region. It is nocturnal and comes to lights.
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Find and add blocks to your model
The Library Browser displays a tree view of the Simulink® libraries on your system. Use the Library Browser to locate blocks and annotations to add to your model.
To navigate the libraries, select libraries from the tree or double-click sublibraries in the right pane. When you select libraries in the tree, the contents of the library appear in the right pane. Sublibraries, blocks, and text and image annotations can appear in the right pane. Pause on any item to see a description. Right-click any item to see options. For example, right-click a block to see options to view block parameters, open help for the block, and add an instance of the block to a model.
When you find the item you are looking for, you can drag it into your model or right-click it and select the option to add it to your model.
Open the Library Browser
In the Simulink Toolstrip, on the Simulation tab, click Library Browser.
You must have a Simulink model, library, or subsystem open to see the Simulink Toolstrip.
In the MATLAB® Command Window, enter
Search for Blocks in the Library Browser
You can search for blocks and annotations using the search controls.
In the search box, type the search term or select it from the list of recent search terms.
For annotations, you can search for any of the text in the annotation or any part of its description.
To use regular expressions, case-sensitive search, or whole-word search, click the Search for subsystems, blocks, and annotations button arrow, then select the search options you want to use.
Press Enter to start the search.
The blocks pane displays the blocks found, grouped by library.
To see where the search string matches, pause on a block.
To navigate to a block library, right-click the block, then select Select in library view.
Add Blocks to Models from the Library Browser
You can add instances of a library block from the Library Browser to an open model.
Drag the block from the Library Browser to the Simulink Editor canvas.
Alternatively, right-click the block in the Library Browser and select Add block to model or Add block to a new model. If no model is open, this option creates a model and adds the block to it.
Blocks that you have recently added to your model from the Library Browser appear in the Recently Used library at the bottom of the left pane.
Sort Blocks in the Library Browser
By default, library contents appear in alphabetical order. Subsystems appear first, then blocks, and then annotations. If you prefer to view the contents of the libraries in the order set by the developer of the library, right-click the right pane and select Sort in library model order. This setting stays in effect from session to session.
To return to the alphabetical order, right-click and select Sort in alphabetical order. Depending on the library, some items might not appear in alphabetical order. For example, in the Simulink library, the Quick Insert library appears as the last item regardless of the sorting option you choose.
Create Custom Libraries
You can create your own libraries and, optionally, have them appear in the Library Browser.
For more information, see Create Custom Library.
Refresh the Library Browser
Refresh your Library Browser if you:
Modify existing libraries or resave them in
Move or delete your library files.
Add a library.
Change your Library Browser customizations. See Customize Library Browser Appearance.
To refresh the libraries displayed in the Library Browser, right-click in the libraries pane and select Refresh Library Browser. The Library Browser updates to display any libraries or blocks added to or deleted from the MATLAB path since the Library Browser was last opened or refreshed.
You can use keyboard shortcuts to interact with the Library Browser.
|Open Library Browser from a model||Ctrl+Shift+L|
|Move selection down||Down arrow|
|Move selection up||Up arrow|
|Expand a library||Right arrow|
|Collapse a library||Left arrow|
|Navigate to parent library||Esc|
|Navigate from search result to library containing block||Ctrl+R|
|Insert the selected block in a new model||Ctrl+I|
|Increase zoom||Ctrl+Plus (+)|
|Decrease zoom||Ctrl+Minus (-)|
|Reset zoom to default||Alt+1|
|Find a block||Ctrl+F|
|Close Library Browser||Ctrl+W|
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Talk about eco homes and some may expect to see unusual designs and baffling heating systems. But the reality is quite different. We take a look at some of Nottingham’s greener homes
When The Hockerton Housing Project started life nearly 25 years ago the techniques they were using in their earth sheltered homes on the outskirts of Southwell were ground-breaking - installing wind turbines, solar PVs, recycling waste material.
It may have taken many years, but the systems and principles of the project - building homes that use minimal energy and have little environmental impact - are finally spreading.
Private owners, builders and councils around the country are adopting various eco measures for some of their latest projects. Air and ground source heat pumps, high levels of insulation and solar panels are just some of the features that are now increasingly being used in Nottinghamshire homes.
The City Council has already installed solar panels on more than 4,000 council houses and has plans to roll-out the pioneering Dutch housing system, Energiesprong, to create net zero carbon homes. The plan proposes to make use of untapped heat from water in disused local mines, look into ways to ensure new buildings have sustainability features and aims for high energy efficiency standards for homes on council land.
While the council has its sights on tackling climate change - based on it’s pilot scheme in Sneinton of 10 refurbished homes - over at Blueprint’s Trent Basin site, private ownership low energy homes are being built alongside a Community Energy project - a pioneering renewable energy storage system.
The project team, which includes a large consortium headed by the University of Nottingham, created what is the largest Tesla community battery in Europe and the first in the UK.
The responsible developer anticipates using other technologies in its forthcoming project, The Elms, where it aims to include air source heat pumps (a heating system that draws warmth from the air). The firm is also currently researching the possibility and feasibility of building Carbon Positive Homes.
Nottingham based modular house builder, Positive Homes has launched its latest development of energy efficient new homes at The Newlands in Fernwood, Newark.
Nine, three-bed modular houses, all with an energy performance certificate (EPC) rating of A are currently being ‘built’. These homes will have solar panels, LED lighting, high levels of insulation and mechanical ventilation as standard.
Manufactured off site in a factory, the modules are delivered to the development, lifted into position and then joined up with the other modules and roofed, laying the guttering and commissioning the power services inside.
Build time is much quicker on a site of this type. For instance, modules were delivered to the Newark site on Monday, January 13, 2020 and the firm aims for a mid-February completion.
Martin Valentine, CEO of Positive Homes said: "We are passionate about building energy efficient, sensibly priced homes at a time when the climate change agenda is at the forefront of everyone’s minds.
"These new builds in Newark, like all our houses, are a revolutionary design that will not only help save money, but also make a perfect home for first time buyers hoping to get onto the property ladder."
A mid-terrace is priced at £175,000 and end-terrace at £180,000.
But eco saving measures aren’t restricted to new build homes. There’s a wave of homes in Nottingham undergoing eco retro fits.
Gil Schalom, principal at GSD Architecture, which specialises in ‘ecoficient design’, has turned older housing stock into Passive, near Passive and energy efficient homes.
A Passive house (or Passivhaus) is an ultra-low energy building that requires little energy for space heating or cooling. It is a voluntary standard for energy efficiency.
Gil says that many people, when looking to improve or extend their existing home, regardless of its age, are now very conscious of both the environmental and monetary benefits of doing this sustainably.
He says that even if they can’t afford to carry out a whole renovation project at one time, they are looking to carry out stepped renovation. Taking a fabric first approach, and making sure each step is to the best standard possible before embarking on the next element, when they have perhaps saved up another pot of money.
With clients across the county and beyond he has undertaken renovation to a near passive house level in West Bridgford and a Certified Passive House renovation in Cheshire.
One West Bridgford homeowner, who had commissioned Gil to extend as well as undertake a whole house energy refit, added what Gil calls ‘The icing on the cake’ - a green roof. A living roof planted with sedum and native flowers and herbs.
Home owner Tim Saunders said: “We have always wanted to have a warm, cosy and energy efficient home, with low energy bills and to be able to power it using renewable energy at least in part, so that is what we set out to achieve working with Gil.
"We already had solar panels and the opportunity to secure some grant funding, which was available at the time, kickstarted us into getting the insulation installed and that was also the perfect time to replace the ageing windows with new triple glazed ones.
"Gil then drew up very detailed plans for the extension to provide a larger kitchen and dining room space which we did to a very high standard of energy efficiency working with experienced builders to provide a very comfortable home."
A mechanical ventilation and heat recovery was also included in this deep energy efficient retrofit.
Tim added: "The green roof over the extension is ever changing with each season providing year round interest, it slows the runoff of rainwater and is awash with bees in the warmer months… this was the perfect opportunity to create my own piece of wildlife habitat."
These homes are only a snapshot of what is changing in the housing industry right now and potentially there are exciting innovations innovations and changes ahead as technologies become more available and affordable.
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The Gebusi by Bruce Knauft Essay.
In modern societies, problem solving is given great attention, vigor and innovation. In Gebusi society, people frequently enjoyed a sleep of nine hours at night. They were never in much of a rush to do anything. They had no pressure of anything. They off course had tasks to do, had to acquire food, had to manage domestic issues but, according to Knauft, “effort ebbs and flows not so much as a struggle against nature but in relaxed harmony with the environment.
” relaxation is also a variation to the environment.
Thus, as Knauft puts it as: “laziness” has become “a survival strategy. ” (Knauft, 58) This may be right that it depends very much on what we choose to call civilization. In Gebusi there existed many regulations; but among the Gebusi, there are abundant examples in which apparently vital regulations are dishonored; they had explanations that effectively reduced the gap between general rules and social realities. Above all, according to Knauft, there is a culture of humor and the repression that we consider is crucial to sophisticated life is absolutely absent.
Generally modern societies, particularly in North America, distress over such suspected evils as “same-sex marriage,” the Gebusi appeared comfortable with sexual assortment including ritual homosexuality. Furthermore, while contemporary cultures insist on setting down regulations with legalistic exactness in criminal codes, agreements of licensing etc. , the Gebusi did things in a different way. They also had rules and regulations but these rules were rarely uttered with the sort of accuracy that we favor. The rules were somewhat less obligatory. They had there own ways of leading there lives, and had there own modern ways.
The Common customs which the entire area included were traditional dwelling in a shared longhouse, where men and women slept separately, men used to sleep in company of men and women in women’s company. There used to be social organization based on small detached patriclans, adult males co resided through a combination of agnatic, affinal, and matrilateral ties; spirit mediumship used to happen during the night where spirit seances focused on sickness and curing, sorcery or witchcraft. There used to be Collective subsistence, and clash; a single-stage commencement or celebratory transformation into adult manhood.
All-night dance and songfest rituals between longhouses were arranged, during which a magnificently costumed dancer accompanied melancholic songs. Adjacent ethnic groups also looted each other; it was also something really common. Gebusi tribe had its own significant rituals, and there own customs, which they had adopted very well and were fully indulged in the ways they spent their lives, Gebusi was different, Gebusi traditions were unusual though it was not a truly wealthy society, but the people were fully contented with their lives and had invented extra-ordinarily astonishing customs.
RELIGION: The Gebusi space is occupied by many spirits, including fish, birds, and other animals. Of meticulous significance are the true spirit people, who help the Gebusi in judging the causes of sickness, the identity of wizard, the place of lost pigs, and the success of predictable hunting voyage. Though spirits may cause sickness, but practically all human deaths are supposed to be caused by other living Gebusi through either casting of magic spells or murder. Magic is also seen as a prejudice cause of sudden accidental death and suicide.
Following spiritual condemnation, the suspects of sorcery are enjoined to execute corpse fortune telling, in a largely vain attempt to ascertain their blamelessness. Spirit people are contacted by male spirit during the night spirit meeting held on once in every eleven days. The spirit medium (to be precise a male) sits quietly in an unlit longhouse and brings about a trance. His own spirit leaves and beautiful spirit women replaces him the woman chants in high falsetto voices. GENDER
Gebusi women have the right to choose their husband to be and they have a rejection power in marriage, conversely, women could also perform such exchange as the “sister-exchange. ” A “sister-exchange” is defined as ‘if a young woman likes her own brother and his new wife-not to mention the new wife’s brother, her own potential spouse-then she can go for the matrimonial exchange in which the husbands can be exchanged’. (Knauft, 165). So women had a significant identity and value. However homosexuality was a major problem and men preferred to have relations with men.
It was not considered very well if man loved a woman. There was no central political structure and no fight for power among the stronger men, but yes, in Gebusi violence was a common problem, their homicidal ways cannot be illustrated by common theories of violence applied to societies such as ours that have developed political and economic systems. So Gebusi men more in to homosexuality and violence Gebusi lifestyle changed dramatically between Dr. Knauft s first and second trip to Papua New Guinea
The Gebusi tribe is a distinctive tribe; on the other hand, their customs have very much changed in the last couple centuries, due to colonization. When Knauft first lived in the middle of the Gebusi in the early 1980s, he witnessed a group of people that did not possess material goods in any huge supply; yet, they considered themselves wealthy. They established a “celebration of life, spirituality and sexuality. ” For Knauft, they exhibited an extremely triumphant set of communal preparations. They were also disappearing instances of a way of life that would soon expire.
The times were changing people were being let in on the tail end of the interruption of anthropology into isolated and so-called prehistoric societies. Along with anthropologists come missionaries, traders, developers, government agents and police or military forces. It is amazing to realize that how much and how quickly the people of Gebusi have changed and as the result; the whole area has changed. They had moved away from a society based kinship, common values of community and tradition to a new and far less compassionate intermediary culture that imitated the modern.
A deep observation in Gebusi social associations could be had by paying attention to how games were played by them. Before getting modernized they used to play until the score was tied or until the track was lost by everybody. Knauft recalled; now they “play to win. ” More theoretically, the idea of time had been distorted. The time had shifted from a circle of recurrence to an arrow of predictable evolution. Assisting in the change of principles was new establishment that had suggested themselves into the society.
Money was now obtainable. The Gebusi culture was very difficult to understand in the 80’s but now if anybody visits Gebusi, and compares it with that time or tries to have an apprehension of the advancements, he will loose his senses. The sounds of the forest have now demolished by disco music from a boom box. The Gebusi people now desire contemporary goods and, once self-assured and self-governing. Gebusi offer a charming model of how people become then again modern.
But how does their occurrence resemble or different to that of other cultures and societies that was the question which was in the mind of Knauft. Knauft had become increasingly interested in this question returning to Emory. While many decide to present themselves to tradition they may not locally control i. e. church, school, market, and so on, they do so with confusion. In fact sometimes they refuse to accept these influences, very strongly. Gebusi children now are obedient pupils at the community school they study seven hours a day, five days a week.
Women now haul their products for hoped-for sale at the market on Tuesdays and Fridays. Women are now the stall holders and they sell goods in the markets. Now on the weekends “video nights,” “discos,” “parties,” and numerous games of refereed soccer and rugby against teams of previous enemies’ on the ball field adjacent to the government station are now played. The Gebusi are a tiny language group of only 615 people; they have small political or economic influence even at the local administration services eight ethnic groups adding up to nine thousand people.
If Gebusi have knowingly exchanged their past for new understanding of their future, the speed and extent of this change is bestowed by special qualities of their cultural and political background. The coming across of Gebusi with modern institutions and their experience tells us more about the interface between local peoples and worldwide forces. But the Gebusi also respond vigorously to advancements, creating new ways of partying, performance, and music that bond traditional practices with Western ones.
Knauft says “”it was their own choice to exchange their past for an alternatively modern future” (p. 19). CHANGE OF CLOTHING WITHIN GEBUSI CULTURE: When Knauft returned in 1998; The Gebusi wore Western clothing and women wore shirts. The Gebusi people wanted to be modern in their own local ways and when time gave them the opportunity to be modernized; they availed it with open hands, thus with the advancements in the society, they have adopted every custom that declares a society to be modern.
Now in Gebusi nobody will be found wearing tribal clothes, as now the people of Gebusi are fully dressed; they wear shirts and the women now wear western clothes. Gebusi is bright and significant examples that how societies evolve in order to attain a good and advanced future. SEXUALITY: With the turn down of conventional spirit medium ship and seances, there was little way Gebusi could interact with their spirits. With surprising speediness, Gebusi cosmology has been replaced by a Christian cosmos of good and evil, sanctity and sin, and heaven and hell.
Teenagers and young Gebusi men in the society were no longer initiated. Now Gebusi does not seem to be on anyone’s chart of a moral war; changes in male sexuality seem to have occurred to a consequential degree as part of larger desires to become locally modern in all different ways. Though Gebusi started to participate actively in modern institutions, such as the church, school, sports league, and market, in residential terms they remained slightly independent in their own society.
They were located at the corner of the deep jungle, where they returned at will for foraging and other subsistence activities and to visit more remote Gebusi settlements. In their own villages, Gebusi now live in individual or complete family houses rather than gathering in a central longhouse; men now tend to meet in culture smaller and less enthusiastic groups than before. In concert with this-and in the absence of spirit seances and ritual dances-the male culture of companionship, sexual teasing, and energetic joking has declined considerably.
Now the question is that how the homosexuality was affected by these changes. This idea can be judged by Knauft’s experience of meeting Waybay, a local boy and thus he found out more about homosexuality in Gebusi that it had reduced. Wayabay’ father and mother were dead, along with many of their native practices. He was a large and strong young man whose age was in mid twenties and was unmarried; Wayabay had missed the last male initiation and had not participated in associated practices of insemination or age. And through him he found out that he was not a homosexual.
Gebusi tribe has remarkably evolved in each and every factor and so are the conditions of homosexuality. The sexual practices in Gebusi have improved a lot. It has largely disappeared in Gebusi. It has become vestigial, not only as practice and belief among people of Gebusi but also as a definitive optic in Western research. In order to reify ritualized homosexuality the logical deconstruction and recreation of concepts will continue, particularly in the social sciences, there is a huge need of critically examining the basis of this dialectic in sexual research, in sexual practice, and in the discourse of sexual rights-remains.
Homosexuality has become vestigial. And now it is no longer a custom. In older time Gebusi practiced homosexuality ritually but now this condition also has improved and Gebusi people are now more in to normal practices.
Reference Bruce Knauft. ‘The Gebusi: A Rain forest world before and after’. McGraw-Hill Companies (1998) Pg 19, 58 and 165.
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In this month’s Food Gardening Magazine, you get everything you need to know about growing sage at home—it’s one of the essential herbs for any cook’s kitchen! While there are hundreds of varieties of this wonderful herb, you can’t go and plant every type of sage—we’ll help you narrow down your list with a look at some popular varieties that are easy to grow, so you can have the pick of the crop of sage in the garden. You’ll be planting sage in no time, and harvesting sage before you know it!
You get all the tips, techniques, and advice about how to start and maintain an awesome herb garden with different sage plants—including sage for smudging. From culinary uses to spiritual applications, we’ve got you covered when it comes to growing sage!
Plus, you get specific advice about planting sage—including growing sage in pots or containers, and growing sage indoors.
You’ve probably heard that some plants grow better together than others; that’s true. Sage can attract pollinators, keep pests away, and actually enhance the flavor of some plants it grows near. We’ll guide you through the best sage companion plants to consider when planting sage in the garden. We’ll also give you the list of garden crops that don’t get along so well with sage, so you can keep your whole garden happy.
This gardening guide about sage is your #1 guide for being the best sage gardener you can be! You should refer to this gardening guide whenever you have questions about growing sage—from planning to planting and from maintaining and nurturing to harvesting and reaping the rewards in your kitchen.
First, you get a complete Introduction to Sage—including some history and basics about sage. Sage is one of the four most popular—and easy-to-grow—culinary plants. But sage’s value goes well beyond the kitchen. Learn about the other benefits of having sage in your herb garden.
Then, you get Feature Articles about Sage that include:
- Types of Sage Plants—learn which sage plants work well in the kitchen; which offer some medicinal applications; and which sage plants are fun to grow just for show.
- Choosing to Grow Sage from Seeds or Seedlings—find out how much effort it takes to grow your sage plants from seeds, or whether you’re better off starting your sage plants from seedlings.
- Growing Sage in Open Land, in Containers, or in Raised Beds—everything you need to know about growing sage where you live. Find out how easy it can be to grow sage in containers—with a little preparation.
- Starting with the Right Soil for Your Sage Plants—start with the right soil, and half your gardening worries are over. Learn why “less is more” applies to sage in more ways than one. And check our list of the ideal “companion” plants—plants that will grow well with your sage or help repel pests that could try to snack on your sage crop.
- The Right Sunlight for Your Sage—ensure that your sage plants get just the right amount of sunlight with our advice. How many hours a day is ideal for sage? Find out in this article how to get your sage that right amount of sun through strategic planting and placement.
- Should You Fertilize Your Sage Plants?—when, how, and how much to fertilize your sage crop is essential to a successful harvest. Learn how—and why—taking it easy on the fertilizer is likely to earn you a hardier harvest.
- How—and When—to Water Your Sage Plants—in this case, too little is way better than too much. Learn about the best times of day and the best ways to make sure your sage gets enough—but not too much—water.
- How—and When—to Harvest Your Sage Plants—this is a great harvest-as-you-go plant, but there’s definitely a time to call it done and bring in the full sage harvest before the leaves begin to lose their luster and flavor. Get your harvesting tips here.
- How to Spot, Treat, and Prevent Sage Diseases—tips to ensure that your sage plants don’t suffer from common plant diseases. It’s better to prevent than treat—get tips for both, just in case. A daily check-in of your plants will keep them healthier longer.
- What to Do About Pests that Can Harm Your Sage Plants—get quick-and-easy tips for eliminating pesky pests from your sage garden! From picking them off (by hand) to making your own pest spray, you’ll find the ideal way to deal with pests in your sage garden.
- The Right Way to Weed Your Sage Garden—sage does not like weeds crowding its growing area; preparation is the best prevention. Find out the best mulching technique to keep your sage garden weed-free.
- Root Rot: How to Identify, Treat, and Prevent Sage Root Rot—you can kill your sage with kindness, so take it easy on the water. Too much water is the key culprit in root rot, too. We’ll give you tips on controlling root rot—and keeping it from spreading to other plants.
- Essential Tools and Equipment for Growing Sage—get the full list of essential gardening tools and equipment for growing and enjoying sage … and for almost all of your gardening needs.
Next, this premium gardening guide highlights six popular sage varieties to help you choose the varieties you want to grow—this is just a sampling of the many varieties available:
And your sage-growing efforts are all the more satisfying when you have quick and easy-to-make recipes to showcase your garden and kitchen skills. Food Gardening Network is all about providing delicious recipes for making yummy dishes. Try these recipes and enjoy your sage harvest:
- Roasted Vegetables with Sage and Pecans
- Butternut Squash, Sage, and Goat Cheese Lasagna
- Chicken Breasts with Fresh Sage
- Pumpkin Sage Soup
- Classic Turkey Dressing
- Lemon Sage Pasta Salad
- Sage-Lemon Tea
Next, you’ll learn all about the health benefits of sage with Nutrition Facts about Sage and Home Remedies & Health Benefits of Sage. Learn about all the wonderful and beneficial attributes of sage—including its contributions to cancer prevention, blood sugar health, and memory and brain health.
And to be sure you have everything you need to grow your own sage, we’ve included a Resources about Sage section—so that you can easily find additional tools and information about sage.
Finally, our Sage Glossary section gives you the explanation of key sage-gardening terms and concepts—so, you’re up to date about important sage-gardening ideas.
Check out this premium gardening guide now—The Ultimate Sage Guide—All You Need to Know About Growing, Harvesting, Cooking, and Healing with Aromatic Sage—and you’ll really learn everything you need to know about sage!
Cate Prato, Norann Oleson, Victoria Arnold, and Samantha Pulcherz contributed to the creation of this gardening guide.
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We have outlined some Suggestions to Improve Online Teaching Learning Process in this article and it is important you read carefully in order not to miss out on points.
eLearning has become essential as the whole world is going digital and opportunities to work from home also prove the need for eLearning.
Although the importance of physical learning can not be overlooked, people are rather going for the option of online learning. More and more courses are being made available online.
During the Covid-19 era, people sought a way to continue their daily activities and life without being inhibited by the global lockdown.
A solution was sought and that paved way for more online interactions and learning. Teachers had to find a way to keep their students learning, so online teaching became necessary.
The fact that you can learn at your own pace makes it more enticing to students.
For the teachers, having control over their schedules and still being able to teach their students made it better. As this method of teaching and learning is adopted, there are however the chances of not being able to drive home the learning message.
The fear is that the student might find this approach more tedious and actually not be able to learn.
The world is still adjusting to this new method of engaging with people. The students still find it difficult to substitute the classroom for a virtual learning process.
While this challenge is present, effort must be made to see that the online learning process is improved. So, this brings us down to the question: how can the online teaching-learning process be improved? Here’s how.
9 Suggestions to Improve Online Teaching Learning Process
- Prepare Ahead of Class:
- Set up your Environment/Video Space
- Have a Set Time for Class
- Have an Interactive Session
- Tips for Pre-recorded Class
- Request Feedbacks
- Go Live Often
- Responsiveness for e-classrooms
- End-point Discussions
Prepare Ahead of Class:
The first on our list of suggestions to Improve online teaching learning process is early preparation.
To have a successful learning session online, you need to prepare yourself and your resources.
This is not a physical classroom and therefore will require more work on the part of the instructor/teacher.
You need to be disposed to teach your students. You need to prepare your teaching materials or illustrators.
Make sure you have enough battery (battery is everything) to avoid stories like your battery ran out.
If possible, you need to have an extra energy source available or connect your device to light during the class. Also, make sure your internet connection is strong.
Make relevant research and have keynotes available. If it is possible to have a slide prepared for your points and references, that should be highly beneficial to avoid straying off-topic.
Making these preparations are necessary because they will help you avoid unnecessary distractions during class.
Set up your Environment/Video Space:
This is very vital in every virtual interaction. Your background should not be in any way distracting or stuffy. Look for a clean space that is well ventilated and has enough light coming in.
Feel free to use ring lights for maximum brightness, position the ring lights opposite you and that should give you enough source of life.
In as much as you should eliminate everything distracting in your video space or background, having a plain background is totally discouraged too.
You should make sure that your video or live class is not boring to your students, hence the need to avoid plain background.
Fill your video space with color and life. Make it vibrant enough and radiate classroom warmth.
Add visuals reflecting your topic of discussion for your class. Ready your study materials and objects to make them feel like a physical interaction.
Then you need to set up the device you need for the online session. Using a tripod stand for mobile is really recommended because it will help you hold your device steadily in one place.
Make sure you set it to capture as much space as needed from the background.
Have a Set Time for Class:
You do not need to be readily available for your students to learn. Making yourself constantly available for your students might make them feel reluctant and lazy to start learning.
Their procrastination level is sure to rise when they know they can connect with you at any time.
That you shouldn’t make yourself readily available doesn’t mean that you should not be contacted by your students.
That you should not be readily available means that you need to have a set time for every class.
Let them know that they can contact you but that there is a limit to how frequently they contact you and this is best achieved through scheduling.
Have an Interactive Session:
Make every live session as interactive as possible. Don’t just do all the talking and have them listen, throw random questions at intervals, and allow them to unmute their mic, and contribute.
Make your classes as conversational as needed. Encourage them to make suggestions on a point or topic during live sessions as this will make the class very interactive.
When it comes to these live sessions, make sure your mic is audible enough.
Do not rely on your device mic, you can get an external mic and connect it to your device. Make sure to eliminate any chances of inaudibility.
While teaching, do not stand like a statue or glue yourself to one place, be demonstrative.
Demonstrate what you say through body movements and gestures and do not forget to add attitude to what you say.
Throw in a few good jokes (not bad jokes) where necessary as this will help your class to be very interactive and fun.
Tips for Pre-recorded Class:
If you want to make a pre-recorded class for your students, follow the following tips.
- Make sure the recording does not exceed 1 hour:
When you record a class, try to make it as short as possible. Bear in mind that all they would do is listen to you talk on and on.
Even you would not like to listen to a 3-hour-long recording. Also, the fact that they would be probably pausing the video at intervals to jot down points makes it necessary that the video be shortened.
- Be audible enough
- Make sure your screen is large enough if at some point you share your screen
The best way to request feedback is by assigning tasks to your students that would create room for them to explore more.
Give them challenging tasks that will prompt them to ask questions. Doing this lets you access the extent your students understand the class.
You can also ask them to fill out a form requesting feedback on how the class was and how you can make it better.
Go Live Often:
Try to make the majority of your class sessions live and the best tool for live sessions is the zoom app. The app has many features that will allow you enough flexibility with your class.
While you encourage your students to attend class with notebooks, make your teaching guide/ references available to your students after classes.
When you do this, students would probably spend less time pausing the class to jot down important details.
Responsiveness for e-classrooms:
One thing you should not forget to do is make sure your videos look good on all devices.
The reason you should do this is that your students might use any device to join the learning process and it is important that they have a smooth video experience.
Creating private groups for your students to meet, discuss and interact with each other is vital. They can share ideas and keep up with the learning process.
This is a time to re-visit online teaching techniques because of the high acceptance it is getting worldwide.
While eLearning solves the needs of people and limits distance barriers in learning, it should also enhance the learning process.
Going through the suggestions above will help you work and improve on certain areas in your teaching process.
If you have read so far and you have other suggestions to Improve online teaching learning process , please share those beautiful ideas in the comment section.
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Write grants you can use more than once!
Learning to hear 'No' is part of grant writing...
A successful grant portfolio is essential for all mentees. Mentors can assist their mentees with grant writing and acquiring grants. The intent of the mentored K award is to help new investigators achieve independence, for instance to compete successfully for R01-level funding. Therefore, preparing for the R01 grant application that the candidate will submit at the end of the K award should be the organizing principle of the K grant application, which includes both a training plan and a research plan.
Mentors can support their mentees in helping them to develop a career development training plan that is uniquely suited to the mentee. Mentors can provide compelling arguments why the mentee needs a K award. It is helpful to identify critical gaps or deficiencies in the mentee's knowledge or skills. Mentors should explain using specific examples of how additional training or mentored research experience in these areas will enable the mentee to compete successfully for R01 funding. Given their previous training and research experience, mentees should propose a mix of didactic training and hands-on research experience that address the gaps or deficiencies in their knowledge or skills—fully exploit the training opportunities available.
When designing a research plan for a K award it is helpful to remember that the research plan is a training vehicle and means to achieve independence. The research plan should be well integrated with the candidate's training plan and provide an opportunity to acquire new skills. See the Successful K Proposal Library for examples.
Mentored K awards provide limited funding. The scope of the research plan needs to be appropriate and feasible, given the modest funding provided by a mentored K award, which ranges from $25K to $50K per year. A "modular" approach is possible, which might include several small projects, such as secondary analyses of existing data, leveraging ongoing studies, or conducting a small pilot studies. All aims should be relevant and integral to the subsequent R01 grant application.
CTSI K Grant Resources (Word 140KB)
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TAIWAN'S GREEN FUTURE
This article was originally published on Boardroom and used with permission.
Taiwan sits on the northwest edge of the Pacific, tucked between Japan and the Philippines. Home to the Malayo-Polynesian people for millenniums, Portuguese sailors who passed by Taiwan in the 1500s referred to it as Ilha Formosa, meaning beautiful island. Taiwan’s land mass is about the same size as the Netherlands—yet home to an impressive 23 million people, making it more populous than three-quarters of the world’s countries.
Despite this density, the preservation of Taiwan’s natural beauty is a national priority, with more than 20% of protected land area. Home to Jade Mountain, the highest peak in East Asia, as well as 1,200km of coastline, 268 mountains above 3,000m, more than 100 hot springs, and 16 aboriginal ethnic groups, Taiwan’s strength is its diversity in both landscape and culture.
As Taiwan moves into a post-pandemic future, it is looking to meetings as a way to help protect the environment and leave a sustainable legacy for the events industry. The government has long been championing its green guidelines under the motto “Stay green, go sustainable,” designed to balance energy conservation while also limiting the impact of events by reducing waste and carbon footprints.
Since 2013, MEET TAIWAN has been promoting the national government’s green guidelines and assisting local organizers with international green sustainability event management. In less than a decade, 17 companies have obtained the ISO 20121 standard for Sustainable Event Management.
The ultimate goal is to incorporate the green guidelines, which largely revolve around the 3R principles of reduce, reuse and recycle, into every aspect of the country’s meetings infrastructure, from the organizers and venues to the participants themselves. By focusing on a mix of energy conservation, carbon reduction, and environmental stability concepts designed to reduce greenhouse gases and waste, Taiwan will usher in a new era for the MICE market.
In the nation’s capital, TaiNEX 1 (part of the Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center) has been working to preserve its surrounding natural environment and has emerged as the first exhibition hall in Taiwan to earn the Green Building Label, in addition to completing a greenhouse gas verification that complies with international standards. To obtain the label, TaiNEX 1 had to ensure greenification, water conservation, daily energy-saving, and sewage and water waste improvement. A few of the initiatives include placing food scrap recycling bins in the dining area, using recycled rainwater for toilets, and encouraging exhibitors to adopt reusable booths and reduce wooden installations.
In an effort to become Taiwan’s core venue—as well as a major convention and exhibition centre in Asia—TaiNEX added its new Hall 2, which was the first in the country to be awarded the Green Building Label (Gold Level). Connected to multiple metro and railway lines, in addition to being just a 15-minute ride from the city centre, the hall brings TaiNEX’s total capacity to 38 meeting rooms and capability to host up to 32,000 visitors. Equipped with complimentary WiFi, Hall 2 also features a smart parking system and 6,100-sqm sky garden on the top floor.
Another sustainable site is the recently opened ICC Tainan, the first large-scale convention centre in Tainan City, on Taiwan’s southwest coast. Winning High Distinction Awards at the Tainan City Public Construction Golden Quality Awards ceremony, the multi-function exhibition centre is a column-free green building with intelligent monitoring systems.
Two years into the pandemic, it is even more apparent that face-to-face meetings will never lose their value. However, associations have witnessed the power of hybrid and digital solutions. New options are supplementing traditional event formats, and destinations—especially those that have not entirely reopened—are embracing the value of hybrid meetings.
In February, the Taiwan Institute of Economic Research’s Taiwan Economic Research Monthly looked at how countries around the world are aiming for net-zero transformation, which can be achieved through green and smart technologies—particularly those involving future transportation development. Given its geographical location, advanced network infrastructure and digital innovation capabilities and development, Taiwan has emerged as an Indo-Pacific digital communications hub.
A prime example of Taiwan’s digital drive involves the Kaohsiung Exhibition Center (KEC). Dubbed Asia’s premier smart venue, in 2021 the Center was chosen for the Cultural Technology: Innovative 5G Vertical Application Project, which transformed the KEC into a 5G high-tech multifunctional venue that can offer a variety of innovative technology demonstrations, applications, and services.
Because of this and that Taiwan’s progressive nature and willingness to innovate and encourage this digital push through the help of carefully selected service providers is helping lead the region in terms of both hybrid meetings and the global information and communication industry. As international cloud companies look to Asia, Taiwan’s rapidly developing infrastructure in this area is enticing key players and giving the country the reputation as an Asia-Pacific digital hub.
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At Spartanburg Day School, college counseling begins in 9th grade and continues through graduation.
Below please find our process, information about Naviance, and a series of resources gathered to help take some of the stress out of the college admissions process. If you have any questions, please contact email@example.com.
What is Naviance?
Naviance is a web-based, comprehensive college-planning tool that students, parents, and faculty will use throughout the college search and application process. It offers college research and planning features to families. Teachers will use the eDocs feature of Naviance to upload and send college recommendations to colleges. College counselors are also able to upload materials through eDocs, and may also track the students’ interest level in and application status of colleges on their lists.
For Students: When registering for the first time, you will need your access code, which was distributed at a College Night. Please use your SDS e-mail address as your e-mail log-in credential.
For Parents: When registering for the first time, you will need your access code, which was distributed at a College Night. After creating your account initially, you will use your Naviance e-mail account and password for future log-ins.
Please e-mail firstname.lastname@example.org to receive user information or to reset your password.
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Brecknock Museum & Art Gallery is funded by and administered by Powys County Council and occupies an historical Grade 2* listed building, the old Shire Hall, at the heart of the town of Brecon. One of the finest small museums in Wales, it was first established in 1928 by the Brecknock Society and moved from its previous home in a nearby former chapel to its current location in 1974.
Brecknock Museum & Art Gallery offers a fascinating glimpse of the rich and varied past of Breconshire, an outstandingly beautiful area of the country. Its exhibition programme is exciting, varied and often features the work of Welsh contemporary artists.
What to see while you’re at Brecknock Museum:
- Blacksmith’s workshop displaying the tools of his trade
- Traditional Welsh kitchen
- Victorian school room
- Collection of early standing stones
- Artefacts, ranging from stone tools of early prehistoric man to Roman finds from the fort of Y Gaer
- Llangorse early medieval log-boat from AD760-1080
- Reproduction of a Brecon trial of a woman accused of stealing a cash box
- Children’s boots from the local workhouse
- Grand 16th century four poster bed, reputedly slept in by King Charles I
Have you been to Brecknock Museum in Brecon (Powys, Wales) with your family? Please leave a quick comment below to let us know what you thought.
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