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Quest to be part of world trade
Updated: 2011-12-09 10:19
By Ding Qingfen (China Daily)
The Chinese delegation members toast China's accession to the WTO on Nov 11, 2001, in Doha. [Photo/Xinhua]
During difficult negotiations over 15 years, China never wavered in its quest to join the WTO
After 10 years of China's membership of the World Trade Organization (WTO), many Chinese still commemorate Nov 10, 2001, when the organization formally approved China's entry into the global trade body.
However, for the Chinese officials who participated in the arduous marathon of negotiations, Sept 17, 2001, is no less significant. On that day, after 15 long years of talks, the WTO eventually concluded negotiations on China's bid for membership.
"Today is a memorable day," said Long Yongtu, former vice-minister of foreign trade and economic cooperation, and the head of the Chinese delegation, at a conclusion speech during the 18th session of the Working Party on China on that fateful September day.
"To achieve this goal (membership), we have made protracted and arduous efforts. Everybody present today has good reasons to be proud of our work," Long said.
During the 15 years of seesawing talks on entry to the WTO of the world's most populous nation, Long witnessed and participated in most of the debate.
Commenting on the approval of China's bid, then WTO director-general Mike Moore said: "International economic cooperation has brought about this defining moment in the history of the multilateral trading system. With China's membership, the WTO will take a major step toward becoming a truly world organization."
What China has achieved and created for the world over the past decade has confirmed the significance of China's accession and commitment to the WTO.
In 2000, China was the seventh-largest exporter and eighth-largest importer. Nine years later, it became the largest exporter, and by 2010 had become the second-largest importer. Without the negotiations, the benefits to China and the world would not have eventuated.
Wish to return
In early 1948, China was one of 23 signatories to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). However, upon the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the region of Taiwan announced that China would leave the GATT in March 1950, even though it didn't have the right to do so. The Chinese government has never recognized this announcement.
About 40 years later, China notified the GATT of its wish to resume its status as a full contracting party in 1986.
"China's wish to resume its status was a major part of the opening-up policy that China had adopted to get involved in the world economy," said Li Zhongzhou, a member of the Chinese delegation to the WTO negotiations, and also a former official with the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, which later became the Ministry of Commerce.
"Being a member of an organization characterized by unconditional preferential policies among its members would enable China to allocate its resources in the most reasonable way."
China's application for admission to the WTO was guided by a Working Party whose members included all interested member governments.
In 1989, after more than 10 rounds of negotiations, Chinese delegates had made remarkable progress. In April that year, China and the Working Party started discussing the conditions for China's return to membership of the GATT. However, progress was delayed. In early 1990, Taiwan requested accession as a separate customs territory.
Through much negotiation, the chairman of the GATT's Council announced in September 1992 that all contracting parties had acknowledged that Chinese Taipei, as a separate customs territory, should not accede to the GATT before the People's Republic of China.
Talks with the US were a major part of the negotiations for China's entry into the WTO, a marathon marked by many hurdles.
"The early stage of the negotiations centered on market access and intellectual property rights, for which I was a witness," said Tong Zhiguang, then vice-minister of foreign trade and economic cooperation and second head of the Chinese delegation to the WTO negotiations.
Tong was so frustrated with the troubled negotiations from 1991 to 1993, that he finally came down with pneumonia.
In October 1992, China and the US signed a memorandum on China's market access, and the US said it firmly supported China joining the GATT. This paved the way for China's resuming its status in the organization.
"From 1993 to 1994, China felt a strong imperative to resume its status in the GATT before the establishment of the WTO. But we encountered quite a few problems in 1994," Tong said.
At the end of the Uruguay Round - the eighth round of multilateral trade negotiations conducted within the framework of the GATT that started in 1986 - the contracting parties proposed to transform the GATT into the WTO, which would come into effect in January 1995. Under the agreements, all the contracting parties could become WTO members.
From January to August 1994, China made and revised many rules and regulations on currency, import and export quotas, and reduced import tariffs by an average of 35.9 percent.
It was Gu Yongjiang, former vice-minister of foreign trade and economic cooperation, who headed the Chinese delegation in 1994. But he said from the first day he took over the post he never thought it would be easy to successfully complete the job.
Just as Gu took the job, some US senators asked then US president Bill Clinton to link human rights issues with China's WTO accession and its most preferential status, which many experts dismissed as "making no sense".
The US representatives also said it wasn't necessary to set a deadline for China to join the GATT.
"It was such a tough year," Gu recalled.
China's perseverance in pursuit of the status and unremitting efforts eventually paid off. The nation became an observer of the WTO in June 1995, which marked a strategic turning point for China's bid to join the organization.
In the following seven years, China wrapped up negotiations with a wide range of nations and regions, including the US, the European Union, India and Brazil.
"I cannot find any word other than 'hard' to describe the 15-year talks," Tong said.
"It was so hard because China had its own principles and never gave them up in the negotiations. They were: The WTO needed China; China was a developing nation and therefore should enjoy preferential treatment.
"China finally made everyone recognize what China believed when the nation made it (entered the WTO)." | <urn:uuid:f0bb9bc3-2611-4790-83dd-45866c996a58> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/weekly/2011-12/09/content_14238950.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.975471 | 1,376 | 2.25 | 2 |
After 10 visits to Israel and the Palestinian territories and scores of meetings with their leaders, Secretary of State John F. Kerry has made no visible progress toward a comprehensive peace deal – a long-shot cause that he has single-mindedly pursued even as more violent and urgent crises in Syria, Iraq and Egypt are starved of U.S. engagement. Mr. Kerry has, however, succeeded in putting Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas on the spot.
With the end of a nine-month term of negotiations approaching in April, Mr. Kerry last week shifted away from trying to push the two cautious and reluctant leaders toward accord on the terms of Palestinian statehood. Instead he pressed them to consider a U.S.-designed ‘agreed framework’ that would set out principles for resolving what Mr. Kerry called the ‘core issues’ while leaving difficult details for future bargaining.
That pushed both sides to ‘a point where the choices narrow down and the choices are obviously real and difficult,’ as Mr. Kerry put it. According to Israeli and Arab news reports, Mr. Abbas must decide whether to accept the notion that Israeli troops would monitor the eastern border of a Palestinian state for an extended period and whether to acknowledge Israel as a state for the Jewish people. Mr. Netanyahu must consider whether, in exchange for such potentially historic commitments, he would agree that the territory of the Palestinian state be based on Israel’s 1967 borders and that its capital be in greater Jerusalem.
The odds are that one or both men will reject the U.S. terms or, more likely, wrap them in reservations and ambivalent responses that have the same effect. But Mr. Kerry may at least force Mr. Netanyahu and Mr. Abbas to grapple seriously with the terms for peace for the first time since President Obama took office five years ago. While both are under considerable domestic pressure not to endorse the proposed principles, they also have reason to worry about the consequences of spurning them.
Mr. Netanyahu must weigh the risk of increased international isolation for Israel, including European boycott movements and further votes by U.N. bodies to recognize a Palestinian state. In turn, if Palestinians are seen as having passed up this U.S. initiative – having rejected previous framework offers in 2000 and 2008 – Mr. Abbas should lose what remains of his credibility in Washington. Much could depend on whether Arab governments push the Palestinian president to agree and provide him with political cover, which is why Mr. Kerry shrewdly paid visits to Saudi Arabia and Jordan.
Having expended so much time and personal prestige on his dream of brokering a Middle East peace deal, Mr. Kerry may be tempted to follow the example of previous U.S. mediators and accept a muddled outcome that allows both sides to avoid meaningful concessions. He should not. If Israelis and Palestinians prove unwilling in the next few weeks to commit themselves to the broad trade-offs a peace deal requires, Mr. Kerry should accept defeat – and spend a little more time on the wars, coups and terrorism engulfing the rest of the region. | <urn:uuid:051516cc-7267-453f-974a-e82e832e29f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.trentonian.com/2014/01/08/other-views-a-middle-east-peace-offering-for-kerry-too/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.962147 | 633 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Bridenstine offers senators reassurances on NASA programs
ARCADIA, Calif. — In his first congressional testimony since becoming NASA administrator a month ago, Jim Bridenstine sought to reassure Senate appropriators about the status of several agency programs threatened with cancellation, as well as his own views on climate change.
Appearing before the Senate Appropriations Committee’s commerce, justice and science subcommittee May 23, Bridenstine said he would seek a balance among the agency’s priorities in science and exploration, including committing to developing a number of missions that had been targeted for cancellation.
“We’re going to the moon and we’re going to Mars, but we’re not taking our eyes off the so many other critical, important missions of NASA,” he said, “to include Earth science, heliophysics, astrophysics and planetary science.”
Asked by Sen. Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.) about the status of Earth science missions proposed for cancellation in the 2019 budget request, Bridenstine said NASA was reconsidering the fate of two of them, the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) Pathfinder instrument for the International Space Station and the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) spacecraft, based on the findings of the latest Earth science decadal survey published in January.
“That decadal survey indicated that CLARREO and, as you mentioned, PACE, are high priorities for the National Academy of Sciences,” he said. “What we’re doing right now with the Earth science division of the Science Mission Directorate is that we are evaluating that decadal survey, trying to make sure we’re covering all the science that they have called for us to cover.”
Bridenstine reiterated comments he made at a NASA town hall meeting May 17 where he said NASA would go ahead with the launch of the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3 instrument to the ISS next January, even though that project was also slated for cancellation in the proposed budget.
He said that, despite the lack of funding for a grant program called Carbon Monitoring System in the final 2018 spending bill, NASA was committed to doing research in climate change topics. “Your NASA is 100 percent committed to understanding the carbon cycle, which is an extremely high priority that comes from the decadal surveys,” he said.
In a rapid-fire, but not contentious, exchange with Sen. Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii), Bridenstine said he believed that humans were the leading contributor to global climate change, a view he acknowledged was an “evolution” from past statements.
“The National Climate Assessment that includes NASA and the Department of Energy and NOAA has clearly stated that it is extremely likely that human activity is the dominant cause of global warming, and I have no reason to doubt the science that comes from that,” he said.
In astrophysics, Bridenstine said that an independent review panel was still working on its assessment of the James Webb Space Telescope, including whether its latest delays will push the mission over a cost cap of $8 billion set by Congress several years ago. He noted that any financial impact of those delays should be minimal in 2019, as NASA will transfer money budgeted for spacecraft operations to its development instead.
He emphasized he was committed to completing and launching JWST even if it does exceed that cost cap, which would require formal congressional reauthorization for the mission. “We have spent so much money and we have come so far and we are so close, that it’s important that we do that,” he said. Asked by Van Hollen if he was “100 percent committed” to completing JWST, Bridenstine responded, “Without question.”
Bridenstine said that he wants to avoid similar problems with the next astrophysics flagship mission, the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST), which the administration proposed cancelling in its 2019 budget request. Bridenstine said last week at the NASA town hall meeting that he felt it was likely the mission would continue.
“We are looking at what the costs are going to be going forward for WFIRST, and we’re committed to not have the same thing happen to WFIRST that happened to James Webb,” he said.
Bridenstine suggested that, in the future, NASA should shift its focus from those flagship-class missions to smaller spacecraft. “When we think about decadal surveys in the future, we might want to consider maybe distributing the risk among more smaller projects rather than one massive project that can clobber an entire division within the NASA budget,” he said.
The only area where Bridenstine faced criticism from senators was the proposal in the 2019 budget to close NASA’s education office. The 2018 request tried to do the same, only to be broadly rejected by Congress. Senators objected to the move because of the key role they see NASA playing in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education.
“It eliminates a significant portion of that STEM education role for NASA, something that I indicated to you that I find objectionable,” said Sen. Jerry Moran (R-Kan.), chairman of the subcommittee, referring to a previous conversation he had with Bridenstine about the budget proposal.
“I continue to be frustrated that the administration continues to call for the elimination of NASA’s Office of Education,” said Sen. Shelley Moore Capito (R-W.V.)
Bridenstine responded that NASA has been considering renaming that office the “Office of STEM Engagement” to avoid perceptions that it might duplicate work done by agencies like the Department of Education. “We are committed to education, we are committed to inspiration. I believe in it 100 percent,” he said. “NASA will do that regardless of that particular budget line.”
The hearing, which lasted less than an hour, did not bring up many agency programs that have been hot-button topics in the past, like the Space Launch System, Orion or commercial crew. Senators also did not discuss NASA’s lunar exploration plans in the 2019 budget request, like development of the Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway, or the future of the ISS after 2025.
Bridenstine won praise from Schatz and Van Hollen, the two Democrats who participated at the hearing, despite the fact that they and other Senate Democrats all voted against his nomination last month.
“I just want to recognize your evolution on this issue,” Schatz said of Bridenstine’s comments on climate change. “I have come to the conclusion that this is a true evolution, that you respect the people with whom you work, you respect the science.”
Moran said his subcommittee would mark up an appropriations bill that funds NASA and other agencies under its jurisdiction on June 12. The full committee will take up the bill June 14. | <urn:uuid:5bcefaa7-f24a-463d-816c-9baecd7dfd53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://spacenews.com/bridenstine-offers-senators-reassurances-on-nasa-programs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.961938 | 1,487 | 1.742188 | 2 |
- To kind the not equals sign on a Mac keyboard theshortcut is Choice Equals.
- One other helpful keyboard mixture is Choice ShiftEquals this types the Plus or Minus Sign.
Moreover, how do you type A does not equal sign?
The not equal sign (≠) is used to indicate itemswhere they do not equal to one another, for instance 1 ≠ 2.One option to enter the not equal to image in Phrase isto type 2260 adopted by alt x. Alternatively theimage may be discovered by going to the insert tab and symbolsunder the subset mathematical operations.
Additionally Know, how do you make an equal sign on the keyboard? Creating the = image on a U.S.keyboard To create an equals sign utilizing a U.S.keyboard press the equals key, which is on the samekey because the plus ( + ) and to the left of backspace or deletedepending on your keyboard.
Then, how do you type a multiply image on the keyboard Mac?
Develop the Symbols menu, choose MathematicalSymbols after which choose the multiplication sign (itshould be used as an alternative of ‘x’ or ‘*’). You will see characterdata and associated characters. You possibly can drag the character fromthe properly to a textual content editor, or click on Insert to insertit.
Does <> imply not equal?
The image used to indicate inequation — when itemsare not equal — is a slashed equals sign”≠” (Unicode 2260). Most programming languages, limitingthemselves to the ASCII character set, use ~=, !=, /=, =/=, or<> to signify their boolean inequalityoperator.
Why is the infinity image a sideways 8?
What’s the Alt code for does not equal?
|≠||ALT + 8800||not equal to|
|∼||ALT + 126 (8764)||related (tilde)|
|≈||ALT + 247 (8776)||roughly, virtually equal|
How do you get particular characters on iPhone?
- Faucet the letter, quantity, or image that comprises the alternativeyou wish to entry.
- Watch for the popup selector to look.
- Slide up and onto the particular character or image you need toinsert.
- Let go.
The place does the infinity image come from?
What does an equal sign with line by it imply?
What’s the does not equal sign in Python?
Denoted by !=, this does the precise reverse of theequal to operator. It returns True if the values on eitherside of the operator are unequal.
How do you type symbols on a Mac?
- Click on within the textual content the place you wish to place the character, thenchoose Edit > Emoji & Symbols (or pressControl-Command-Area bar). The Character Viewer seems the place youclicked.
- To find a character, do any of the next:
- Click on a character to insert it within the textual content.
How do you do the squared image on a Mac?
How do you do infinity on a Mac?
How do I insert math symbols in Phrase for Mac?
- On the Insert tab, within the Symbols group, click on the arrow underEquation, after which click on Insert New Equation.
- Below Equation Instruments, on the Design tab, within the Symbols group,click on the Extra arrow.
- Click on the arrow subsequent to the title of the image set, and thenselect the image set that you wish to show.
How do you type a division image?
The place is the approximate sign on a keyboard?
How do you press sign on laptop computer?
What’s a equal to?
What’s the sign of roughly?
What’s the image of roughly?
|Image||Image Identify||Which means / definition|
|≜||equal by definition||equal by definition|
|:=||equal by definition||equal by definition|
|~||roughly equal||weak approximation|
What’s the approximate image on the keyboard?
|≈||virtually equal to; asymptotic to||ALT+8776|
|≠||not equal to||ALT+8800| | <urn:uuid:e629a6e2-e849-45f0-9dfd-63560a43bc83> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://qaalot.com/how-do-you-type-a-does-not-equal-sign-on-a-mac/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.790014 | 990 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Every year Indian country is filled with leaders, politicians, broadcasters and talking heads provide memorable quotes for anyone listening to catch. Some ignorant, some out of touch, and some commendable. Indian Country Today Media Network has compiled a list of quotes that we will break down into three parts, Perceptions, Politics, and On The Past, the Present, the Future, that will be shared over the New Year’s weekend.
“Why is there a Bureau of Indian Affairs? There is no Bureau of Puerto Rican Affairs or Black Affairs or Irish Affairs. And no group in America has been more helped by the government than the American Indians, because we have the treaties, we stole their land. But 200 years later, no group does worse.” – TV talking head John Stossel, speaking on Fox News about how the U.S. government has done more during the course of 200 years to “help” Indians than anyone else.
“What group of people would even want ‘help’ like this?”—Tex G. Hall, Chairman of the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation, in response to Stossel’s claim.
“Our grandfathers well understood that each time a new promise was held out another was about to be broken.”—Joe Valandra, on the importance of protecting sovereignty
“So you go and so you study the area and you find out what happened, what did the indigenous people worship, you know? And…and…and…if they did blood sacrifice, like, we found some areas where they were very violent because the former culture was a murderous violent …like in Texas here and all the coast around Houston and Galveston and some other areas the Native American people were cannibals, you know? And they ate people. And so you could see a manifestation of that in the churches where people turned against people and kinda cannibalized other people’s ministries.”—Evangelist Cindy Jacobs, in a YouTube video posted by Right Wing Watch praising Rick Perry’s August 6 cluster-prayer event, The Response. Jacobs is a Perry supporter.
“If my Haudenosaunee passport is a fantasy document, I’m a fantasy person living in a fantasy land and looking at a fantasy border.”—Joyce King, St. Regis Mohawk Tribe citizen, on being told her Haudenosaunee passport is a ‘fantasy document’ when it was confiscated by the Canadian Border Services Agency.
“Citizenship by blood quantum alone is a guarantee of physical extinction. Know the tribal population, the required blood quantum, birth and death rates, rate of exogamous marriage, and the date of extinction is easily calculated. This is not opinion. This is arithmetic.”—ICTMN columnist Steve Russell in his new book, Sequoyah Rising.
“They were rejecting me because I’m unrecognized.”—Marine Sisk-Franco, explaining why she didn’t get a permit to carry an Eagle feather, and the pain of being a member of a tribe not recognized by the federal government.
“The measure of being Indian should be a pain index—How many funerals have you gone to?”—author Sherman Alexie on the many battles over blood quantum and tribal enrollment.
“Most Americans do not even consider whether the language they use about Natives might be considered discriminatory. In fact, when they think about ‘Native Americans,’ the image that comes to mind is a romanticized, historical image, not a contemporary 21st century Native. The notion that we might feel offended by their language does not even enter their minds.”—Stephanie Fryberg, an assistant professor of psychology and affiliate faculty in American Indian Studies at the University of Arizona, explaining why Indians are perennially talked about negatively in mainstream society.
“The celebrations of our extinction turned out, of course, to have been premature. However, certain ideas and themes in the popular culture remain persistent and influential.”—Kevin Gover, Director of the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of the American Indian, on the use of Native mascots in sports.
“[S]hut the fuck up Dan Snyder, you own the most sickeningly racist relic of a brand in all of professional sports.”—Gawker writer Hamilton Nolan calling out the hypocrisy of the National Football League’s Washington Redskins owner Dan Snyder for alleging anti-Semitism based on a newspaper article published in the D.C. City Paper. Snyder in September, facing a public backlash, dropped his lawsuit against the paper.
“(The Redskins name has) been there since the early ‘40s and no one has complained about it. No one has complained until the people from the Indian nations came down here and made their complaint.”—Wiscasset High School Board of Education member Eugene Stover in defense of continuing to use the offensive name for the school mascot.
“It’s spreading the word that no matter if you want to play baseball or be a mechanic—whatever it may be—your dream is your dream and nobody’s going to take it away until you take it away from yourself.”—Joba Chamberlain on the importance of emphasizing good news in Indian country.
“Honor the memory of heroic Native warriors like Geronimo, Lori Piestewa and many others, not by promoting false stereotypes, but by bringing attention to the plight of veterans, both Native and non-Native, who continue to be plagued by substandard health care and homelessness.”—ICTMN columnist Ruth Hopkins urging a change in the mindset of the leadership of the U.S. military in the wake of its offensive use of Geronimo as the code-name for Osama Bin Laden.
“To Natives Geronimo is a hero because he fought America. To Natives Bin Laden was evil because he fought America…[try to] explain that to a kid.”—Filmmaker Chris Eyre commenting on the Geronimo/Bin Laden blunder.
“Native people say they feel more welcome in town now, and shopkeepers are picking up some Ojibwe phrases. Promoting the language does a lot to bridge barriers.”—Dr. Anton Treuer, professor of Ojibwe, on the use of Ojibwe language signs in Bemidji, Minnesota.
“Another language is not just a different way to communicate the same thing. It’s a whole other thing. It’s an intricate web of meanings and relationships and thoughts.”—Alaska Native storyteller Ishmael Hope on the artist’s role in preserving Tlingit.
“Currently the public doesn’t know enough about Native people because our news is rarely covered, as many still think our people are in the past.”—Lori Edmo-Suppah, editor of the Sho-Ban News, arguing in January that the mainstream media, including the Huffington Post, need to do a much better job of covering Indian issues.
“It is important as an indigenous people that we not allow Hollywood to define who we are, and I believe we have been very successful in that endeavor.”—Quileute Nation Chairwoman Bonita Cleveland on educating fans of Twilight’s Wolf Pack.
“The first time I saw a Native actor laugh it was Chief Dan George in Little Big Man. I remember thinking, I have never seen a Native actor laugh, ever.”—Neil Diamond, director of Reel Injun, on Indians in the movies. | <urn:uuid:5c96f2fb-c006-488c-b702-745f8a94605c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/2011s-memorable-quotes-good-and-bad-part-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.945554 | 1,626 | 1.929688 | 2 |
In the early days of smartphones, third-party app developers found it possible to use the camera's LED flash as a flashlight, and since then, both iPhone and Android models have built-in flashlight settings.
With just one touch, you can light up the LEDs, turning your phone into a makeshift flashlight.However, what many people don't realize is that you can also adjust the brightness of the flashlight on many smartphones, usually making it even brighter.
How to make the flashlight on iPhone brighter
1. Open Control Center on your iPhone.On most iPhones, you can do this by swiping down from the top-right corner of the screen.If your iPhone has a home button, swipe up from the bottom.
2. Tap and hold the flash icon until you see the slider appear.
3. Swipe up or down to control the brightness of the flashlight.
How to make the flashlight brighter on Android
The exact method for changing the brightness of the flashlight may vary depending on the Android model and operating system you have.Some Android phones don't yet support this feature, but in many cases you should be able to find the flashlight settings by following these steps on your Samsung Galaxy.
1. Swipe down from the top of the screen to view the control panel.If you don't see the Flashlight icon, swipe down again to expand the panel and see all the icons.
2. Tap and hold the flash icon until the flash settings screen appears.
3. If it is not already on, slide the button to the right to enable the flashlight.
4. Drag the Brightness slider to the right to make it brighter, or to the left to make it darker.
Yes, the whole process is very simple, if you want your phone to have a higher brightness flashlight, then you should try it.
Copyright Notice:The article only represents the author's point of view, the copyright belongs to the original author, welcome to share this article, please keep the source for reprinting! | <urn:uuid:a19986e5-4259-48da-a3a8-105717839875> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.kkgcn.com/3631.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.908483 | 412 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Better with Age
PacMed expert gives insight on healthy aging
It’s no secret that getting older isn’t quite what younger versions of ourselves hoped it to be. As years pass, bedtimes are traded for backaches; summer vacations are forfeited for overtime; and the youthful, spritely mentality we once took for granted wanes as our age makes the steady numerical climb. Fortunately, there is a silver (pun intended) lining to aging — it’s entirely possible to live a fruitful life by being steadfast in the pursuit of health. Like a fine wine, it is possible for people to get better with age. Pacific Medical Centers’ Family Practice Physician Dr. Priyanka Naik, DO, is here to explain how this is possible.
Aging is inevitable, naturally. Although changes to the mind and body are par for the course, what steps can people take to ensure longevity and long-term health?
It’s important to lead an all-around healthy lifestyle, both physically and mentally. This can be done by making permanent, positive lifestyle changes that are sustainable in the long term. For example, the American Cardiology Association recommends moderate-intensity exercise for 150 minutes each week, or high-intensity exercise for 75 minutes each week. When it comes to eating, the Mediterranean diet is incredibly heart healthy and supports long-term health. Lastly, I recommend exploring meditation as a way to reduce stress and live a mentally healthy life.
What exams should men and women receive on a regular basis to keep tabs on their health?
Age-related preventive screening is the key. For females, regular Pap smears, breast cancer screenings and colon cancer screenings are incredibly important. Males should also be getting colon cancer screenings, along with regular prostate checks. In general, it’s vital for all to receive their routine recommended vaccines, and annual preventive visits are the perfect time to discuss this with your primary care provider.
The life of military personnel can be demanding and stressful. What suggestions do you have for aging individuals with busy lifestyles?
I always recommend establishing a go-to exercise routine and making it part of your lifestyle, rather than a chore. Busy lifestyles can also make it difficult to focus on nutrition, but I believe a balanced diet should always remain a priority. Lastly, carve out time in your week to focus on yourself with an activity such as meditating, reading or taking a walk outside. Personal time is a great way to relax and ease the stresses of everyday life.
What daily habits can be adopted as we age to combat the negative aspects of aging?
Adequate sleep, balanced nutrition and regular exercise are three key habits of a healthy lifestyle. Everyone has the power to take control of their own health. Establishing routine care with a primary care provider to discuss your goals at least once a year is a great way to do this. It’s also important to simply acknowledge changes that may be going on with your physical and mental health, embrace it and take action accordingly.
Is there anything else you would like readers to know about healthy aging?
Aging is inevitable, but everyone should certainly feel empowered to be in charge of their own health. I also encourage everyone to seek a primary care provider’s help, as it can be incredibly beneficial in understanding your personal risk factors for certain diseases based on family history. Prevention is always the key, and that is why annual checkups are so critical. | <urn:uuid:14be0d3c-4a8c-4482-9033-289473ef96c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pacificmedicalcenters.org/healthy-every-day/better-with-age/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.959736 | 708 | 1.960938 | 2 |
As we developed Esop Marketplace, we started thinking about how ESOPs originated, and what road they traveled to go from an interesting, though esoteric, idea in an economic treatise to an industry in its own right, with dozens of companies and hundreds of advisors specializing in ESOPs as a means of ownership transfer. We began to research ESOP history, including the theoretical work done as far back as the 1950s by Louis Kelso and Mortimer Adler to explore ways for employees to take ownership of their workplace; the legislation passed in the mid-1970s to 1980s that enshrined ESOPs in tax and labor law; and the ways that the industry has managed to innovate and grow.
We tracked down and interviewed a number of the key individuals who had a hand in establishing this field, whether by doing seminal work in designing ESOP documentation and laws, or getting into the field as financiers and advisors and helping to provide capital and human talent. These interviews offer rare first-hand insights into the formation and evolution of a financial field, as well as valuable advice for fledgling ESOP advisors and business owners who are considering implementing an ESOP.
Richard Acheson - Richard M. Acheson is a CPA and attorney, licensed to practice in California. Educated at ASU and Loyola Law, he gained a profound understanding of ESOP and other law while working as an agent with the IRS. In 1976, he joined BSI ESOP - an ESOP administration service provider that has since become one of the nation's premier ESOP administration & advisory firms - as a principal. In addition to being a top specialist in ESOP law and administration, he has been deeply involved in national ESOP advocacy and industry organizations - he served as one of the founders and is a current member of the ESOP Association and the National Center for Employee Ownership.
Read about Dave Ackerman on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Merri Ash - In the 1970s, Merri Ash got a start in bank record keeping services working for SEI Investment Company, at the time the largest provider of trust accounting systems. During that time, she was involved in SEI's initiative to developed a fully-automated, computerized trust and investment accounting system - a first in the business. When Congress started to pass laws codifying employee stock plans such as ESOPs and TRASOPs, SEI decided to enter the new field, and Ash became the company's go-to expert on stock plans. She has been involved in ESOPs ever since, managing numerous major ESOP transactions, holding offices in organizations such as the ESOP Association, and doing "just about everything you can do in this business."
Read the full interview with Merri Ash on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Roland Attenborough - After reading Louis Kelso and Mortimer Adler's seminal "Capitalist Manifesto" as an undergraduate at UC Berkeley in 1959-60, Attenborough was inspired by the ideas in the book and began a years-long correspondence with Kelso. Kelso's ideas about capital distribution and worker participation in ownership became the underlying framework for ESOPs in the following decades. After graduating with a degree in taxation, Attenborough eventually became an associate at Louis Kelso's firm, where he was instrumental in developing blueprint documents for ESOPs and was involved in some of the first employee ownership plans in America. He has worked in the field for many decades, and is one of the most experienced ESOP advisors and tax lawyers in the country.
Read the full interview with Roland Attenborough on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Ted Becker - Ted Becker is an accomplished corporate litigator, having over 25 years of successful defense and dispute resolution experience. He has served as lead counsel in numerous ESOP and ERISA cases, representing company clients in class action and fiduciary litigation. He has extensive experience defending clients in government agency investigations for ESOP compliance and other matters. His expertise isn't limited to ESOPs - he has argued legal areas that range from contract law to employee benefits, intellectual property, trademarks, competition and many more. He is currently a partner at the Employee Benefits and Executive Compensation Practice Group at Drinker Biddle.
Greg Brown - Brown took an early beginning in the ESOP field: in his first year of practice with law firm McDermott Will & Emery, he got involved in so-called "tax credit employee stock ownership plans." The plan offered a tax credit of up to 11% for companies that contributed or invested in their employee stock benefits. Greg Brown was the person tasked with understanding the new tax breaks and helping companies implement them. In the years immediately after ERISA was adopted, new regulations streamed out of the IRS and Labor Department almost every week, and Brown needed to learn on the job and keep up with the new rules at the same time as he was drafting plan documents for clients. The head start, along with the ensuing three-odd decades of ESOP work, have made him one of a handful of the nation's most experienced ESOP lawyers. He has graciously agreed to be interviewed for the ESOP Marketplace Advisor Hall of Fame.
Read the full interview with Greg Brown on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Dickson C. Buxton - Buxton was running a large and diversified financial company in the San Francisco Bay Area, when one of his clients asked for help in buying out a majority shareholder. After discovering that this wasn't possible with after-tax dollars, Buxton was introduced to Louis Kelso, who had an ingenious idea of structuring the buyout as a benefit and avoiding large tax liabilities. The transaction was a success, and Buxton was impressed enough to create an ESOP division in his company, and, eventually, selling off all the other divisions to concentrate exclusively on private company investment banking. Since co-founding Private Capital Corp in 1976, Buxton has been deeply involved not only in financing and structuring ESOPs, but lobbying Congress to pass ESOP rules and tax benefits, as well as co-founding the National Association of ESOP Companies.
Read the full interview with Dickson Buxton on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Marty Carmody - Marty Carmody was a pillar in the ESOP Community. We have the privilege of awarding him with a posthumous induction into the ESOP advisor Hall of Fame. As a part of this process, we interviewed several people who knew him and admired his work. This article is a compilation of interviews highlighting their memories of him.
Read the full interviews with Jamie Walrack, Robert Schatz and Greg Brown about Marty Carmody on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Jack Curtis - Jack Curtis came in to the ESOP movement in the mid to late 70s, when he was the Senate Finance Committee council working for Senator Russell Long, who was then in touch with Louis Kelso. He was heavily involved in the battle to pass ERISA in 1974, and the fight to preserve it in 1977; as well as the 1978 Revenue Act, which included section 409 of the code, which still has many of the ESOP provisions.
Read the full interview with Greg Brown and Ken Serwinski about Jack Curtis on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Rob Edwards - Rob was a delight to interview. Having retired from full-time ESOP work, he had a wealth of experience and insight to share. While located in two different countries situated on two separate continents, we talked for nearly an hour about his work with ESOPS, the trends in ESOPS, and his hopes for ESOPS in the coming years.
Read the full interview with Rob Edward on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Laurence "Larry" Goldberg - Larry's career started in the 80s in New York City, at the major law firm Shearman and Sterling. In 1987, he moved to San Francisco, where he was introduced to Ron Ludwig of Ludwig and Curtis, joining the firm the same year. In 2001, after the death of Jack Curtis and Ron Ludwig's retirement, the firm merged with Kirkpatrick and Lockhart. In 2006, hLarry moved to Sheppard Mullin for several years; in 2013, he decided to start a boutique law firm with Lynn Dubois, under the name of ESOP Law Group.
Read the full interview with Larry Goldberg on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Jerry Kaplan - Kaplan was working as a tax lawyer at an investment banking firm in Chicago, when ERISA passed and first enshrined ESOP in tax law. Nobody in finance or tax knew anything about the new rules, what they meant for stock plans and how they could be used in ownership transition. The following year, Kaplan was invited to a conference on ERISA, and ended up presenting a paper on ESOPs. This paper turned out to be the first publication on ESOPs in tax literature, and Kaplan was drawn into the fledgling field to become one of the nation's preeminent ESOP experts and advisors. He has been involved in some of the biggest and best-known ESOP transactions over the decades, such as the United Airlines ESOP.
Read the full interview with Jerry Kaplan on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
J. Michael Keeling - J. Michael Keeling is the President of the ESOP Association. Michael has inspired others with his vision and passion for employee ownership. He has an encyclopedic knowledge of the legislative and political process behind ESOP law, and had a front row seat to the passage of key legislation. This interview is a goldmine of interesting tidbits and a behind-the-scenes look at the lobbying and debates behind the passage of landmark ESOP legislation in the 1970s and 80s.
Read the full interview with J. Michael Keeling on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Louis O. Kelso - Louis is the grandfather of ESOPs, and a hero to all of us. The ideas he began to develop in the 1940s and 50s pushed off an incisive critique of Marxism, as well as predictions about labor dynamics in an economy that increasingly relies on automation for productivity improvements; seeking to allow the wage worker increased participation in the economy, Kelso developed a series of approaches to distributing ownership that would provide employees with access to investment capital, a second income, and a sense of ownership & control over their workplace. Kelso's ideas have been enshrined in ESOP regulation and have gone on to create many financial instruments that make it easy both for retiring business owners to pass on their legacy, and for workers to have a chance of greater prosperity and participation in the economy.
Carla Neal Klingler - Carla Klingler has over 30 years of experience in pension plan and ESOP administration, beginning in 1980 when she served as V.P. Administration at a prominent ESOP firm. She has done ground-breaking work in developing methods and procedures to make regulatory compliance easier and more intuitive. She has made a significant contribution in interpreting the ESOP regulations and other parts of ERISA; as an advisor, she draws on her extensive experience and technical proficiency to help business clients of every profile through every stage of ESOP setup and administration: plan design, plan documents, communication with employees and management, valuation, compliance and so on. She founded and is currently heading Pyrastar, a pension administration and consulting firm.
Read the full interview with John Kober on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Norman Kurland - Norm was one of Louis Kelso's close associates and collaborated with him on developing the ideas of employee ownership. He is a leading proponent of the "Just Third Way" approach to wealth and markets, which is a model that avoids the stark inequality of capitalism and the inefficiency & lack of creativity inherent to a socialist public ownership model. The "Just Third Way" builds on the ideas of ESOPs to democratize the economy and allow the average worker access to capital without resorting to socialist style top-down redistribution and public ownership of the means of production. He currently heads the Center for Economic and Social Justice (CESJ) - a non-profit advocacy organization that is devoted to promoting the ideas of employee ownership, broad access to capital and other principles of the "Just Third Way."
Wendy Lankes - Wendy Lankes started her career in ESOPs while attending college in 1985, when she started working at R.K. Schaaf Associates. After 10 years, Rainer Schaaf sold the practice to her and two other colleagues; since then, she has been a prominent member of the ESOP community. In addition to being a member of several industry related organizations, Wendy currently serves as a Board member of the Southwest Chapter of The ESOP Association, and as one of the limited number of professionals on The ESOP Association's Administrative Committee.
Read the full interview with Wendy Lankes on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Sue Ledingham - An indefatigable learner, Sue Ledingham has worked with ESOPs for a long time and has worn many hats in the field. Her career started at the office of an insurance agent, administering defined benefit plans. When ERISA landed and caused an earthquake in taxes and benefit law, Sue was among the first wave of benefits experts who jumped into the field and learned how to comply with reporting and disclosure requirements. She got a start in employee stock plans when working for ESOP pioneer Rainer Schaaf. She has been closely involved with the ESOP community, helping to develop the ESOP Administration Handbook, a definitive introduction to ESOPs for businesses. Sue has agreed to share her wisdom and experience with ESOPs in a comprehensive interview that details her history in the field.
Read the full interview with Sue Ledingham on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Dennis Long - From humble beginnings as a one-man operation in Appleton, Wisconsin, Dennis Long founded BCI Group and saw it grow to the largest ESOP administration firm in the country, with 120 employees and clients in all 50 states. When tax laws started to change in the early 1980s and ESOPs became plans that offered serious tax benefits, Long became determined to capitalize on the opportunity and spent years building a nationwide client base as an ESOP management expert. Unlike asset-based plans, which took the time and attention of major financial services companies, ESOPs were an esoteric and complicated instrument; by getting in on the ground floor of the new industry, Long's BCI Group became one of the country's go-to companies for ESOP administration, until its acquisition by Principal Financial Group in 2003.
Read the full interview with Dennis Long on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
John D. Menke - John Menke is a pillar of the ESOP community due to his close association with Louis Kelso and decision to dedicate his efforts to administering and setting up ESOPs right after they were codified in tax law. He was an associate at Kelso, Cotton, Seligman & Ray from 1968 to 1971 and a senior tax attorney at Kelso's law offices from 1972 to 1974; when ERISA was passed in 1974, Menke was there to add his expertise and professionalism to the burgeoning field, having founded Menke & Associates that same year. He was involved in drafting the original ESOP portion of ERISA; he has written many articles and a highly regarded book about many aspects of ESOPs and other estate planning methods.
Scott Miller - Scott Miller is a nationally recognized authority on valuation and transition planning for owners of closely held businesses. He is an entrepreneur and thought leader with an extensive history of senior level industry experience and significant equity ownership in his employers. His publications and books have been offered by numerous professional organizations, and he is a frequent speaker for national audiences. He has successfully worked with hundreds of businesses throughout the country on strategic transition planning. He has freely given substantial voluntary time to several organizational Boards and Committees, most often in senior leadership positions
Read the full interview with Scott Miller on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Corey Rosen - Unlike most people on this list, Corey Rosen didn't start out in the finance sector. He trained as a political scientist, and worked as a Congressional advisor for the Senate Small Business Committee from 1975 to 1980, being closely involved in two major pieces of financial legislation: the Chrysler Loan Guarantee Act that bailed out the troubled company in 1979-80. He also worked on drafting Section 1042 of the Internal Revenue Code - the tax deferral for owners. He became involved in ESOPs when a business owner pointed out a disparity in capital gains taxation between an internal sale of a business and a third-party buyout. He has co-written bills that give tax incentives to ESOP companies, benefitting owners and workers. He has shared his insights and experience in an interview with ESOP Marketplace.
Read the full interview with Corey Rosen on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Ken Serwinski - Ken Serwinski is the Co-Founder of Prairie Capital Advisors, a valuation and investment banking firm that specializes in ESOPs and ownership transition. He has been in the Valuation Advisory field since 1984, and got into ESOPs in the late 1980s.
Read the full interview with Ken Serwinski on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
Robert Smiley - Along with founding and running The Benefit Capital Companies, a nationwide group of firms that specialize in banking and financial advice, Robert Smiley is also one of the founders and a past president of The ESOP Association. This trade association includes over two thousand ESOP companies of all sizes and has an active presence in our nation's capital. The group has been influential in promoting ESOPs and fostering cooperation on employee ownership between company owners, industry organizations and government alike. Robert Smiley is a nationally recognized speaker and writer on ESOP topics.
Read the full interview with Robert Smiley on ESOPMarketplace.com.»
James Steiker - James Steiker is a noted ESOP advisor with over a quarter century's worth of experience in ESOP design, leveraged transactions, regulatory compliance and other areas. He is an attorney specializing in taxes, corporate law and pension plans. He is a long-standing member of the ESOP Association, having chaired the organization's Finance Committee and currently sitting on the Board of Governors. He is also on the board of the NCEO, and serves as a trustee of the Employee Ownership Foundation. He is an active writer and speaker on ESOP topics and serves on the boards of a number of employee-owned companies.
Robert Schatz - Robert Schatz has many years of ESOP centered legal practice. He began working on ESOP-related matters in 1982. In addition to his knowledge of ERISA, his broad background includes commercial finance corporate law, corporate acquisitions, corporate divestitures, structuring and documenting secured and unsecured leveraged financing as applied to ESOP transactions.
Read the full interview with Robert Schatz on ESOPMarketplace.com.» | <urn:uuid:1ce9b8cb-34d5-4319-b8c2-2836a4ee3570> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://esopadvisorhalloffame.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.971372 | 3,930 | 1.539063 | 2 |
What are the components of a key of the keyboard of the laptop
Every key of the keyboard has three components which are a keycap that is physically seen on the keyboard, the keypad, which is the mechanical button that communicates the signal to the system that this key has been pressed, and its key retainer is the support to hold the keypad and keycap.
How to fix loose keycap on the keyboard
The loose keycap is the issue that is mostly faced by the laptop users, if the keycap is loose, simply hold the keycap and slightly press it so it can be fixed. And if the keycap is split from the keyboard, then you should follow the steps mentioned below:
- First shutdown the laptop
- Then set the key retainer on the keypad of the laptop
- Then insert the specific keypad in the key retainer and then cover it by putting it on the retainer and keypad
- Press the keycap gently on the keyboard and it will be fixed
What happened if the key still does not work on the laptop
After setting the key cap, key retainer, and keypad, if the key is still not working then there will be a hardware issue that can only be resolved by changing the controller circuit of the keyboard. For this purpose, you can contact the manufacturer of the keyboard or can get help from the Authorized stores of that manufacturer.
How to fix the spacebar key on a laptop
The spacebar key is assembled differently from the other keys of the keyboard because of the size of the spacebar. It contains 2 or more 2 retainers that are present on the keyboard to hold and support the spacebar key. To fix the spacebar, a metal bar is present at the bottom of the spacebar which can be fixed with the retainers by placing it in alignment with it. If the metal bar is not present, then take a thin and strong metal wire and turn it into an L shape from both ends and place it on the retainers.
How to fix the key if it sometimes works and sometimes not
The partial working of the keys of the laptop means that there are dust particles around the keypad that are making hurdles to communicating the message of pressing and releasing keys. To fix it, remove the keycaps of the specific keys carefully and then remove the key retainer. With the help of earbuds, remove the dust particles around the keys and then place back the retainer to its position and then a keycap on it. The keys will work perfectly now.
The keys of a keyboard sometimes don’t work either because it is being isolated from the keyboard or due to dust particles. This guide will help you in fixing the issue with the keys of the keyboard and if it is still not helpful then it is recommended to contact the manufacturer of the keyboard. | <urn:uuid:e0cfd787-e2f7-488f-8d6f-29ea7b52d37e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://linuxhint.com/how-to-fix-a-broken-key-on-a-laptop/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.931016 | 585 | 2.75 | 3 |
The Germany airports map shows location of airports in Germany. This airports map of Germany will allow you to determine which airport you will used to leave or arrive in Germany in Europe. The Germany international airports map is downloadable in PDF, printable and free.
Frankfurt International Airport is Germany largest airport and a major transportation hub in Europe. Frankfurt Airport ranks among the world top ten airports as its mentioned in the map of Germany airports. It is one of the airports with the largest number of international destinations served worldwide. Depending on whether total passengers, flights or cargo traffic are used as a measure, it ranks first, second or third in Europe alongside London Heathrow Airport and Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport.
Germany second most important international airport is Munich. Other major airports are Berlin Tegel, Berlin Schönefeld, Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Cologne-Bonn, Leipzig/Halle as you can see in the map of Germany airports. Both airports in Berlin will be consolidated at a site adjacent to Schönefeld Airport, which will become Berlin Brandenburg Airport, to open on 17 March 2013.
Frankfurt airport, one of the world busiest, and Germany largest airport. Airports in Düsseldorf, Munich, and Berlin (Tegel) are also of major importance as its mentioned in the map of Germany airports. During the period of partition, passenger traffic from West Germany to West Berlin was restricted to the airlines of France, the United Kingdom, and the United States. After unification Berlin was opened to German carriers and indeed to carriers of other countries. | <urn:uuid:df98ae08-7990-428f-8bc0-d32cd498a60b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://germanymap360.com/germany-airports-map | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.944521 | 325 | 2.703125 | 3 |
There’s much more to know about cannabis than the correct way to smoke it. Likely, the globe will never unlock all the secrets hidden within this plant. Over the decades, however, cannabis enthusiasts, historians, and scientists have compiled an ever-growing array of cannabis facts.
Some of these secrets are fascinating; others are fun, while others try to debunk long-held myths about the product. Here are some interesting facts about marijuana.
Cannabis possesses more than 100 slang names
The marijuana plant has over 100 slang names used in various regions worldwide. Due to the plant’s criminalization, many cannabis lovers had to develop different street names for the herb. Some of the slang terms like ‘weed,’ ‘marijuana,’ and ‘pot’ date way back to the 1930s and are believed to have emerged from American premises. You will only ask for a ‘gasper stick.’ In Latin cultures, you can get cannabis by asking for ‘Caracas.’
The plant itself is not only the thing generating the street names. The act of smoking weed brings with it phrases like ‘going loco,’ ‘smoking trees,’ and ‘mowing the grass.’
Cannabis has been in existence for thousands of years
Many people tend to think that marijuana usage began in the 1900s. However, it started far before that. Ancient Chinese used its seeds as food. They also used the plant to make oil and rope. As the Chinese people traded it with other cultures, cannabis spread to other parts of the world, including the Middle East, Africa, Europe, and eventually America.
Throughout many parts of the globe, marijuana was used to make paper, provide food, and for medical purposes. British doctors studied its medical applications in the 1800s, which scientists have confirmed today.
E-commerce started with cannabis
You might think that the first e-commerce transaction is related to fashion or some first-moving foods. But interestingly, the very first item to be purchased over the internet is a weed, done by Stanford students in 1971. The students bought the product from MIT students selling it online. Today, the sale of cannabis through the internet has increased substantively. In Canada, for instance, you only have to place an order on your gadget to buy weed online.
Cannabis can alleviate cancer symptoms
Not all the facts about cannabis are fun, but they are attractive. For instance, marijuana has shown positive results to kill and alleviate cancer symptoms. The plant contains chemicals like cannabidiol and endocannabinoids, which stimulate the brain and reduce cancer treatments. Symptoms like vomiting and nausea subside with the regular use of marijuana.
Icelanders are the most consumers of weed
You might be tempted to think Netherlands or Jamaica has the highest populations of weed users. However, recent statistics show that Iceland has the most weed users, with over 18.5% of the country’s population using the product. What’s more interesting is that smoking weed in Iceland remains illegal.…
How To Increase Terpenes When Growing Your Cannabis Plants
If you’ve never thought of ways to increase the production of terpenes while growing cannabis, now is the time to begin thinking about it. Terpenes can not only alter the scent and fragrance of cannabis and thus the pleasure of the user, but they’re also claimed to boost the plant’s potential health benefits and potency. So we’ll take a closer analysis of how to increase the amount of terpenes produced.
Cannabis like all plant, requires a suitable soil to thrive and produce robust, terpene-rich buds. While it is obvious that adequate nutrients must be in the soil, opinions differ on this matter; some advocate for natural nutrients, while others believe that supplements manufactured are just as effective. Whatever you choose, be certain that they aren’t overwhelming your plants. If this isn’t what your trying to find, you can flush your plants around two or three weeks prior to harvest. It will remove any extra nutrients that can interfere with the scent of the flower.
In fact, the greatest soil tip is to develop it into “super,” or “alive,” soil, which is rich in microorganisms. You’d be emulating the natural world in this manner. When combined with the correct supplements, you’ll have more variety and depth of Terpenes.
To stress or not stress, that’s the question.
To stimulate the plants in producing terpenes you’ll have to provide them with the LST or low stress training. The reason for bending the plant , and spreading the tiny branches in the right direction is that the beloved foliage will be more luminous and grow at a more similar rate.
Allow it to shine.
In that regard, UV light, particularly UV-B light, is suggested to increase the harvest. UV light is believed to stimulate the growth of trichrome. Moreover, since Terpenes are created by those tiny glands, it also stimulates the production of terpenes. In simple terms they are made by the plant in order to defend itself from UV radiation. However, don’t get excited be sure to wear your protective glasses. In the stage of flowering the exposure to light should last about two to three weeks.
Whether it’s hot or chilly,
In the last six days of blossoming, temperatures plays a major role to the development of buds, as well as the concentration and quality of terpenes.
The temperature should remain lower than 80 degrees during the second half of the blooming period because anything higher than this could cause the buds to become hard and lose their amazing scent. Reduce the temperature by 5 to 10 degrees at evening, as this tiny modification has shown to be helpful.
The blooming stage is when humidity should be approximately 50% for the best synthesizing terpenes. But, prior to harvest you could lower the humidity to 30percent as this causes strain on the plant, and encourages it to generate more trichomes. Of course, it also acts as a protection against dying buds.
It’s harvest time!
Terpenes however beautiful they are, are extremely delicate. Since they are comparatively volatile chemicals, they’re extremely easy to break down. It’s a shame when you consider the number of different kinds available to help you in making the most beautiful fragrances. Therefore, it is critical that you harvest when you are ready. Every terpene has distinct characteristics which may vary from harvest to harvest, even within the same strain So, it is essential to keep a tight eye on your plants during this period or risk losing the beneficial Terpenes. Examine the trichomes of the buds with a magnifying glass regularly.
The steps to complete
If you’ve been doing everything right up to at this stage, you’ll need to be patient let the buds give their full effort. They should be dried with care and the humidity be kept low to prevent the growth of mold.
Lastly, place the dried buds in containers such as jars or other containers (not plastic bags or white paper bags) and open them at least once or twice a day to let fresh air to circulate. Make sure there are no indications of mildew or damaged buds. After a few weeks you’ll be able to do it less often. This takes around 1 month, but the longer you put off longer, the more smooth the smoke will be. However, you should keep checking for any signs of mold.
As you can see, it all comes down to the buds and the proper treatment. If you follow the instructions to the letter it will be possible to make the most of all the amazing terpene benefits.…
It’s rewarding to produce one’s own marijuana. Many individuals, however, are turned off by the exorbitant cost of the entire process and wonder whether it’s even feasible to properly cultivate cannabis in your home with the budget of a modest budget. Absolutely, the answer is yes!
Prices have dropped to an acceptable level as a result of an increase in home grown as states continue to adopt legislation to legalize cannabis, and it is possible to grow cannabis using the simplest methods that cost much less than you think. In this article, we’ll review the fundamentals of growing marijuana in a small space.
If you do it right, growing marijuana at a very low cost indoors might turn out to be a fantastic investment. You may be motivated to expand and discover more advanced methods and methods after you’ve realized the benefits of growing your own marijuana with a limited budget.
Planning How to Grow Weed at Home?
All you have to do is determine what your financial resources are and how you can convert them into a successful weed planter.
While it’s not rocket science however, properly cultivating cannabis requires a thorough understanding of certain fundamental concepts of horticulture and science. The more you plan ahead of time and plan ahead, the less likely you’ll be to reconsider your decision, lose your pocket, or reconsider your cannabis backyard grow plans. Begin by creating plans for safe grow settings, environmental controls and harvest cycle timelines.
When compared to outside conditions When compared to the outside environment, growing marijuana indoors is the most secure method to ensuring a sanitary cannabis cultivator. Consider how tough it is to account for hazardous external agents such as fungus, parasites as well as other microbes when managing the outdoor marijuana grow, which might jeopardize your garden’s health. You should schedule time to water, cut, and trellis your indoor garden several times throughout the day. Keep the watchful eye on any minor changes in the health of your plants.
One of the best advantages of growing cannabis indoors is that you do not have to worry about your business getting harmed by changes in weather. Unexpected dry spells as well as colder temperatures or excessive humidity may devastate an outdoor grow, thus appropriate climate control measures can be crucial to ensure a good harvest. It is important to wash your weed area thoroughly and then completely close it, particularly from sunlight. When you are in the blooming or vegetative time, the amount in darkness hours is just equally important as the number of hours of light for the grow (Generally think about 18 hours of light in the vegetative phase and 12 hours during the flowering stage)
Several Harvests a Year
There’s no reason to rely on seasonal fluctuations in order to arrange regular harvests since indoor arrangements give you more control over your plants , and also laying out regular harvest cycles. In the ideal scenario, six harvests could be harvested in the same year, giving plenty of weed for one person to consume, regardless of the size of the land available. Remember this so you don’t make more marijuana than you can smoke (or legally possess under your state’s laws)!
How to Begin Growing Marijuana in Your Own Home
The following elements need to be studied and followed fully and efficiently to provide a sufficient indoor growth space
While water is obviously crucial to your plants’ survival, it is important to carefully consider your watering regimen. The plants strain along with your soil fertilizer mix as well as the age of the plant, and the pot in addition to other factors, will determine the frequency of your watering. In accordance with the size of your business and your experience, a pump coupled with a timing switch may be the ideal choice. However, for larger hydroponic plants, this is usually preferred. Smaller weed garden growths usually require a watering pot.
You must have a thorough knowledge of the requirements for temperature for an optimum cannabis plant. To create the root, plants require a moderate heat, though the requirements for temperature differ throughout the cycle and throughout the day to allow optimal marijuana development. When temperatures are higher than what is recommended it is possible that the plant will lose water, which puts it under stress. Temperatures below freezing, however might cause the plant to stop absorption and circulation of vital nutrients. Furthermore, some growers overlook the fact that the drop in temperature when they turn off the lights for their plants could have an adverse effect on the process of growth. The use of a heater to compensate for the decrease in temperature at darkness or nighttime hours can be essential.
Distance Between Light Sources
As mentioned previously as previously mentioned, the duration of time your vegetation is in direct light exposure is critical and so are the dimensions between the plant and grow light. If the light is far away or isn’t strong enough plants tend to grow outwards to find the light source eventually becoming weak. However the excess light or light that is too near to the leaves could cause them to burn and then wilt. In the end, using adjustable lighting fixtures for your indoor cannabis plant will help keep these issues at bay.
A well ventilated weed grow room is crucial for temperature control. Since your grow space is enclosed, carbon dioxide that is in the air may quickly get exhausted, slowing the growth of your plants. For your plants to be fed, you’ll need to plan to dig a hole or installing an air flow system. Additionally, by installing a running fan to keep a an even temperature and carbon dioxide distribution in your growing room, you may enhance correct air dispersion.
How Much Does an Indoor Weed Grow Room Cost? How Much Does an Indoor Weed Grow Room Cost?
If you manage your spending wisely then an indoor weed grow …
Marijuana plants typically are green in hue. At the very least the majority of us are used of seeing them in this shade. Cannabis strains might include purple varieties, believe it or it’s not. Purple marijuana varieties are becoming more well-known in recent times.
While the color is appealing The high levels of THC found in purple marijuana buds are a major reason for its popularity. It’s therefore more potent than normal marijuana. All you must know about the unique purple cannabis buds are right here.
What Causes Purple Cannabis Buds?
It is common that marijuana varieties are green, therefore why do some have a purple hue? Cannabis buds can naturally alter colour depending on the climate where they’re grown. If marijuana is cultivated outdoors in frigid conditions it happens by itself.
This shift in color is caused by a color called anthocyanin. Anthocyanin becomes active when chlorophyll, which is the pigment that gives plants their green color, disintegrates in cold temperatures. Anthocyanin is present in the plant, however it appears green because chlorophyll is greater. The effects of anthocyanin can be only seen after chlorophyll dies.
The precise hue of the plant relies on the anthocyanin pH degree, and could be red, violet, or blue. When it is found that the pH in cannabis buds is neutral, they transform into purple.
This natural phenomenon has caught the curiosity of marijuana users and gardeners and now it’s possible to cultivate purple cannabis in normal environments. Buds leaf, leaves and pistils are types of marijuana plant components that may be transformed into purple. The leaves of the plant can turn purple, while buds remain green and vice versa.
It happens when the plant is exposed to cold temperatures over an extended period of time. However beautiful the plant looks, the leaves are cut after the harvest. As a result, growing marijuana with violet flowers and leaves that are green is the goal.
Purple marijuana buds have been associated with a range of health benefits due to the large amounts of anthocyanin. They are believed to possess the capacity to boost the health of your heart and provide relief from pain. Additionally, the large amounts of anthocyanin in these buds indicate that they are antioxidants as well as anti-inflammatory.
How to Grow Purple Cannabis the Right Way and the Wrong Way
Follow these simple steps to allow you to produce an incredibly strong weed with high levels of THC regardless of whether you find the color purple appealing or not. It’s worth noting that there are lots of false instructions for growing purple strains online, which we don’t suggest. To get that purple color over a period of time, these methods include denying the plant oxygen and stunning it with cold temperatures. This won’t result in a successful outcome.
In order to achieve the desired shade of purple, it’s not a good idea apply food coloring too. Avoid these methods at all costs since a poor approach to growing purple cannabis buds could degrade the plant’s quality and lower production. This isn’t what you want.
Purple cannabis cultivates should be grown in this manner. You will not only get the desired results if you adhere to these guidelines, but you will also be able to enjoy high-quality marijuana buds.
Everything starts when you plant the proper seeds.
The right seeds are required to cultivate purple marijuana buds successfully. The seeds that have the genetic capacity to become purple are required; else, your efforts will go in vain. Anthocyanin levels in seeds should be very high (the pigment that also provides blueberries with their beautiful purple hue).
In terms of season, chlorophyll begins decrease in fall and winter seasons when daylight hours are less. Anthocyanin determines and establishes its hue at this point. As a result, the second stage is to create the ideal environment for growing the purple cannabis buds.
In order for the marijuana plant to change color to purple, it needs warmer days and cold nights. You should aim for an average temperature difference of 30 degrees. The temperature at night should be 50 degrees Fahrenheit during blossoming time (10 degrees Celsius).
In the 15 days leading up to you harvest marijuana buds start to change color to purple. You’ll be collecting excellent purple marijuana buds very soon if you have followed the advice in this post and ensured the temperature is at the right level.
Tips to Keep in Mind
Growing marijuana buds outside is typically recommended since it is more efficient to manage the surrounding and keep the temperature at the right level. Purple cannabis buds can, of course, be grown outdoors, but it is a little more difficult owing to the environmental aspects.
Before you start, ensure your soil is sufficient to grow the plant. Many factors may stifle the development of your marijuana strains, like utilizing the wrong nutrients or cultivating in soil that’s not designed to support it. Before you even begin to grow the plant, ensure the soil is healthy.…
Growing one of the most controversial plants is difficult. In the beginning, indoor cannabis growing is a costly but straightforward procedure, particularly for those who are new to the process. Cannabis can be grown more easily for those who have access to a quiet, sunny outdoor space since cannabis requires similar conditions as a tomato plant to thrive. An important distinction is that with the right cultivation the tomato plant is almost certain to bear fruit. Attention to detail is critical to success in cannabis plants, since increased yields are typically the goal.
Growing marijuana for personal use at home is a fun endeavor. Understanding when the best time is to cultivate outdoor cannabis in your local area can help you get started.
When is the best time to plant cannabis outside?
If you are planning to start your cannabis garden at home, timing is vital. Your plants will definitely be wiped out by cold if you begin too early. They fear freezing if they wait too long as the summer season turns into autumn. Whether you start with seeds or clones, knowing the time-course of the strains that you grow will be helpful.
However, where you are is probably the biggest aspect to consider. Climate is a crucial aspect of the life of a plant even though you are able to control factors like humidity and airflow in an indoor grow chamber, you’re exposed to the elements while growing cannabis at home. The most ideal time to cultivate weed outdoors is during summer months. But, this varies by area. When feasible, start your plant indoors in growing lights prior to transferring it to the outside in Oregon.
When is the perfect time to cultivate marijuana to cultivate marijuana in Oregon?
Grown cannabis in the open air of Portland (coastal climate) is quite different from growing weed in the open air in Bend (high desert).
If you live on coasts like the Oregon coast, you can relocate your plants to the outdoors at the beginning of March or April if you have the tools to protect them from harsh weather. Young plants could be easily damaged by heavy rain. Plants should be moved to covers or covered with plastic or frost cloth in the event of need.
The sun shines brightly throughout the day at Central Oregon’s top desert however, temperatures at night can drop to temperatures below freezing as late as mid-June and even mid-September. Moving your plants out in May-June is a good idea, but be aware of nighttime temps. Cover your plants to protect the plants from frost damage.
In California, when is the optimum season to plant weed?
California is also home to a broad range of marijuana alternatives for growing at home. Growers who are located in Northern California must contend with cold, wet weather, while also looking for mildew and mold that thrive in damp areas. Meanwhile, producers from Southern California are fortunate with plenty of sunlight and considerably warmer air, although not as good a soil that their northern counterparts enjoy.
Check out the suggestions below for Oregon as you grow in California, with NorCal being akin to the Oregon coast and SoCal resembling the high desert that is Central Oregon.
In Washington, when is the optimum season to cultivate weed?
The obstacles of cultivating cannabis outside in Washington are similar to the Oregon coast. The dark, damp environments provide lush soil and pleasant temperatures, but they typically lack the sun that outdoor plants need.
In the early spring months in Washington It is acceptable to place plants in the garden But be aware of in the location you place them. Pay attention to how the sun moves across your space throughout the day. Also, when possible, position your garden where it gets the most sunlight during the longest period of time.
When is the ideal moment to plant marijuana to cultivate marijuana in Arizona?
The secret to cultivating cannabis in Arizona’s scorching heat is to start early as you can. The more healthy your plants are when you plant them outdoors the better chance they have of making it through the summer. In Arizona, forget about growing in the dirt; you’ll need containers with nutrient-dense soil. The time to move your plants outdoors is March or early April is ideal.
Use pots that are just a smaller size than you’d need in colder zones such as Phoenix and ensure that they remain moist. In order to keep moisture in the soil, you can cover it with straw.
When is the ideal time to cultivate marijuana to cultivate marijuana in Colorado?
Similar to the rest of Midwest, Colorado follows a four-season calendar, with an actual temperature change every couple of months. Growing cannabis outside in Colorado is difficult due to the short summer time which makes deciding when to grow weed outside difficult.
Certain mountainous areas could be frosty at any time of the year, it’s generally safe to sow cannabis outside in Colorado during May and June. Keep an eye on temperatures at night and devise a strategy to safeguard your crops.
Cannabis will grow anywhere you reside so long as you keep an eye on the surroundings. Protect the plants from harsh weatherconditions, be on the lookout for bugs, mold, and mildew. Ensure that they are properly nourished and hydrated. Cannabis can be harvested between the beginning of October and mid-November, depending on the strain.
Watering Cannabis Plants Outside
The amount of water that your plants need varies based the location you live and the time of year. During summer, it is recommended to be watering every day and if you can, at least every day. When your plant is planted in the ground, they’ll benefit from rain that falls on the ground. Don’t depend on this alone; plants need to be watered from top to bottom also, especially when they’re fed nutrients or if they’re in containers. Make sure that your plants don’t get moist if you reside in a … | <urn:uuid:499682cb-cb3f-448e-95dd-cc68edb2945b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://regulatemarijuanainmaine.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.945381 | 5,044 | 2.375 | 2 |
One of my friends – Nishanth Ulhas Nair – wrote up a set of suggestions on how one might go about solving the problem of violence against women in India, specifically rape (there have been some horrific occurrences lately in Delhi, Bombay and Bangalore).
Here is one of his suggestions that I particularly liked:
a) In schools, make students do the cleaning and if possible cooking/washing-dishes also. Boys should especially be made to do this. So that they learn to do work which are typically considered to be the job of a woman in India. Moreover this will reduce the class divide in India where there are some ‘inferior/poor’ people who will work for us. Why should there be a mess in schools/colleges? Students should cook their own food and clean their own plates.
But what I really want to talk about today is the counter-suggestion he had made:
The problem with death penalty is that the rapist may end up killing the victim because he feels it will be easier for him to get away with it (since death is anyway the worst penalty he can get, there is more incentive for him to kill her after the rape).
Stricter measures (for example, applying the death penalty to the crime) have been floated around a lot lately, but how do you decide what is an appropriate quantum of punishment?
I am going to see if it is possible to arrive at Nishanth’s conclusion using game theory.
We are going to start with a set of simplified assumptions:
a) You have two players in this game – the law-enforcer and the law-breaker.
b) The law-enforcer has two choices – a) to punish the law-breaker with death and b) to punish the law-breaker with a few years in jail.
c) The law-breaker has two choices – a) to kill witnesses to better his/her chance of not getting caught and b) to not do anything beyond the primary objective of the crime.
d) The aim of the law might be assumed to be to maximize the number of potential crimes prevented.
e) The aim of the law-breaker might be assumed to be to minimize the punishment if any that might result from the crime.
The Payoff Function of the Law-Breaker
The law-breaker’s payoff is the punishment, and so is a negative number.
It is set to -6 (maximum punishment) if the law-breaker does not kill the victim after the crime (which could be a burglary or a rape) but the punishment for the crime is the death penalty (to act as a deterrent).
It is only -2 if the law-breaker does not kill the victim, and the punishment is not draconian.
The law-breaker’s payoff is only -3 if (s)he kills the victim assuming the chances of detection decrease by 50% as a result of the murder.
Since the crime is compounded by the killing, the payoff is the same no matter whether the penalty for the original crime is harsh or not.
The Payoff Function of the Law-Enforcer
The law-enforcer’s model is simpler. It is equal to the number of innocent lives saved. It is 1 if the victim is not killed. It is 0 if the victim is killed after the crime.
Now to start analyzing the game, you write the assumptions down in a bi-matrix (normal-form game) as follows:
|the law (enforcer)
awards a few years in jail
|the law (enforcer)
awards the death penalty
|the law breaker
chooses not to kill the victim
|the law breaker
chooses to kill the victim
|-3, zero||-3, zero
|Normal form or payoff matrix of a 2-player, 2-strategy game|
The first of the two numbers in the matrix represents the payoff to the law-breaker.
The second of the two numbers in the matrix represents the payoff to the law-enforcer (or society).
Strictly Dominated Strategy
By examining the matrix, it is possible to see that there is no strictly dominated strategy for the law breaker.
A strictly dominated strategy is one that will benefit one of the players more than all his/her other strategies no matter what the other player does. No strictly dominated strategy exists for the law-breaker in this particular game.
That is because if a draconian punishment strategy is used by the law-enforcer, killing the victim appears to be a better strategy for the law-breaker. If the death penalty is not used for a lesser crime, then not killing the victim appears to be a better strategy for the law-breaker.
A Nash Equilibrium consists of a set of strategies for both players that are the best possible for each of the strategies an opponent might choose.
It turns out that this system contains two Nash Equilibrium points.
In this formulation, the strategy pairs that can yield a Nash Equilibrium are:
1) the law-enforcer does not award the death penalty + the law-breaker does not kill the victim
2) the law-enforcer awards the death penalty + the law-breaker kills the victim
So, what this analysis suggests is that if the death penalty is awarded for crimes like rape, there will be a strong motive for perpetrators to kill their victims. Conversely, if the penalty for crimes like rape is less than the penalty for murder, there will be a strong motive for perpetrators not to compound lesser crimes with murder.
What is also interesting to note is that if law-enforcement is not very effective at identifying perpetrators without a victim’s assistance (if there were no DNA matching technology or if the police force were ineffective), a criminal would have a good incentive to kill his/her victims [the result would be obtained if you change the -3 to -1 in the law-breaker’s payoff function]. Ineffectiveness of policing would reduce the negative payoffs for a rob+murder strategy to the point where murder to compound the crime might become an appealing alternative to a law-breaker.
The Alternative Scenario
I had heard from a friend from another country that in his country, thieves would be killed by anyone who caught them (passers by would tie them up and kill them summarily and without trial – by ramming pins into their heads). I can imagine that this strategy might cause law-breakers to do everything possible to hide the crime – including murdering anyone who might hinder their escape or later identify them to their captors.
So, in a way, the matrix justifies having an effective police force at public expense.
So, we’ve tried to show using some simple game theory that Nishanth’s intuitions about penalizing rapists with the death penalty are possibly right on target.
However, we have chosen a model that is very simplistic and not a very accurate fit for the problem. The model chosen is of a static game with complete information, but that is a bit of a simplification.
If you liked this article, you might like some of our earlier writings that attempt to analyze game theoretic models of social media customer service.
We learnt a lot about the subject of game theory from a book that is absolutely-required-reading for anyone with the faintest interest in economics and game theory – “Game Theory for Applied Economists” by Robert Gibbons. | <urn:uuid:bcbe5137-88c3-426c-8b7e-5a81c2713d28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aiaioo.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/quantum-of-punishment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.950701 | 1,586 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Liberating Teaching and Learning: Turn it Upside Down and Watch African Americans (All Learners) Soar!
by Bettye Chitman Haysbert
Format: Paperback, 199 pages
Imprint: Learning to Read Our Way
Publisher: Learning to Read Our Way
Parent Company: Learning to Read Our Way
Borrow from Library
A SIMPLE STEP-BY-STEP-EMPOWERING GUIDE FOR TEACHERS and learners to help each other transform the classroom and unlock the brilliance, creativity, and intelligence of African Americans and all learners. Education for African Americans is in a crisis. In the European American classroom, African American learners aren’t free to be themselves, learn about their history and culture, explore their interests. They struggle, and when hey don’t succeed. low expectations and undue punishment stifle their educational experience.In this conversational, action-oriented guide, teachers and students learn how to work together to radically restructure their classrooms. With a willingness to coplan, teach, and learn from each other using the history, culture, interests, strengths, and experiences of African Americans, a nurturing environment is created for unchallenged and unmotivated students to become engaged high achievers.When you use what works to help African American learners find success, you’ll help all learners find success. Turn teaching and learning upside down, watch students soar, and teaching becomes easier. | <urn:uuid:0ceabeab-0146-4bf2-a5a2-336b1e045f51> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aalbc.com/books/bookinfo.php?isbn13=9781733494311 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.902143 | 309 | 2.640625 | 3 |
“Waste is a resource in the wrong place”
Our team’s on-the-ground experience enables us to develop credible archetypes of potential waste to energy projects, and to evaluate the impact of current legislation and policies on those projects from conception to decommissioning.
We helped the Province of British Columbia to redefine how they see waste, following other municipalities who have switched it on its head to be used as resource or to contribute to a gas producing economy. These principles were followed in the process to help the shift in perspective.
Using visual representations from innovative network analysis to illustrate the current policy environment for waste to energy that mapped convergence zones, gaps and conflicts- the interrelationships. We built a business case based upon best practice in US and Europe from our extensive network there, to improve the policy on data management and energy production. | <urn:uuid:c0f7e830-d755-43e0-9672-a47e6dbb1418> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ssg.coop/portfolio-item/british-columbia-waste-to-energy-policy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.93135 | 175 | 1.96875 | 2 |
DETROIT — Grand Boulevard used to be one of the most stately streets in the Motor City — a sweeping thoroughfare that circled what was once a thriving part of the inner city.
The Boulevard, as it was sometimes known, was where General Motors opened its first headquarters and Berry Gordy founded Motown Records. It was also home to some of Detroit’s most beautiful neighborhoods, where the city’s early residents built massive art deco homes befitting what was once a prestigious address.
But decades later, a drive down Grand Boulevard is a different story — especially at night. While the homes are still there — some divided into apartments and others just empty — the towering streetlights that city planners installed to light what they viewed as a major gateway in central Detroit are mostly dark. And some have been for years.
The result is a somewhat eerie experience, where oftentimes the only illumination on the street comes from traffic lights or a glowing front porch. On some more desolate stretches, passing cars use their bright beams to light streets that are mostly empty. Residents who might otherwise be out and about have chosen to stay in, wary of what they might run into in the dark.
“I stopped going to church at night,” a woman named Adina, who declined to give her last name, said as she hurried home from a convenience store just before sundown on a recent Tuesday evening. People had been robbed, and burglaries were up. “You just don’t feel safe,” she explained.
It’s a problem all over Detroit, where officials estimate at least half of the city’s 88,000 streetlights are broken. Aside from the abandoned buildings that dot the cityscape, the dark lights are the most visible evidence of the financial problems that sent Detroit into bankruptcy last summer seeking relief from an estimated $18 billion in debt. As the lights went out, the city couldn’t afford to turn them back on and keep them on.
The Detroit Public Lighting Department, the underfunded and understaffed entity in charge of fixing the streetlamps, has been in “constant triage” for years, officials say, trying to mend a lighting system that, in some areas, is so old it has to be manually switched on at night.
And that’s only where the lights do still work. In many areas, it’s not just a problem of a bulb being burned out. Along Grand Boulevard and other major streets, many of the lights don’t work because thieves have stolen the copper wiring that connects the light to the electrical system. Furthermore, about 20 percent of the city’s streetlights run on circuits that are designed like old strings of Christmas lights — meaning that if one light goes out, a few blocks go out.
“Detroit is an old city, and we are running on a system that is so archaic it’s actually mind-blowing at times,” said Odis Jones, head of the Detroit Public Lighting Authority, a state-created group working with the city to get the lights back on.
To hear city workers tell it, it has been almost a war to keep the lights on in Detroit. As recently as December, repair workers would rewire a light — only to find it broken again the next day because thieves had again stolen the copper wiring. In some neighborhoods, they would return to find newly installed bulbs shot out — apparently in an effort by criminals who use the darkened streets to prey on victims or strip stolen cars.
Add to that staffing problems at the lighting department, which currently has just 85 workers, compared with the 500 it had about two decades ago. They are in charge of a system first built in the 1800s that hasn’t been updated in nearly 40 years. While other major cities monitor their streetlamps with computers, Detroit’s streetlights are tracked on a giant wall map marked with colored pushpins that dates to the 1950s.
Until recently, fewer than 10 repair workers had been on the streets full time, fixing lights across Detroit’s 140 square miles. And in November, those workers were sharing just one truck to get around the city, according to a report by the local Fox affiliate. The others were broken down.
The situation is a startling view into the many challenges that Detroit faces, but it’s not the only one. Police on average take nearly an hour to respond to serious calls. The fire department is saddled with old equipment and overwhelmed as it deals with arson blazes among the city’s estimated 78,000 abandoned buildings. And the city’s retirees are on edge, worried that their pensions might be cut as Detroit grapples with how to pay off its massive debts.
But it’s the failure to keep the lights on — a basic service in any city, large or small — that has had the darkest effect on residents trying to survive here.
But that could soon change. Two years ago, Gov. Rick Snyder and the state Legislature created the Detroit Public Lighting Authority to get the lights back on. Backed with an initial $12.5 million in revenue from a city utility tax, the authority was charged with issuing about $210 million in bonds to pay for a new lighting system — a plan that was opposed by many of Detroit’s creditors in the bankruptcy who argued the city should not be borrowing more money when it can’t even pay its bills now. But the federal judge overseeing Detroit’s bankruptcy signed off on issuing an initial $60 million in bonds, agreeing the city had no chance of recovery if it continued to stay in the dark.
Last year, the authority hired Jones — a Detroit native who had previously overseen economic development for Cincinnati and, before that, the state of New Jersey — to oversee efforts to rebuild the lighting system. Though he had worked with troubled cities before — including Camden and Newark, N.J. — Jones wasn’t sure he wanted the job, given Detroit’s history and what was sure to be a massive undertaking.
But during one of his visits, Jones drove back to his old neighborhood on the east side of Detroit, where he found his old street in the dark.
“It was shameful,” Jones said. “Getting back into the old neighborhood and seeing the effect of the economy and the disinvestment and the lights not working, it was overwhelming to me. ... I sat there wondering if I really wanted to do this or not, but it struck me if you are truly a public servant, this is the kind of job you are called to do.”
Street lights, he said, are more than just a fundamental part of living in a city; they have an effect on the “psyche.” “Detroit is a little different from other cities in that we spend a lot of time on our front porch here, and you can tell real quick as a resident how you feel the city is moving,” Jones said. “You can see the trash being picked up. You can see the police responding. You can see children walking to school. But one problem is that people just haven’t been able to see, and that’s had a negative subliminal impact on how people feel about the city.”
In recent months, city workers had been trudging forward, trying to repair an obsolete lighting system for which many parts simply aren’t manufactured anymore. But last month, Jones persuaded the lighting authority to approve a complete overhaul of the system by using funds to install LED light fixtures, which are brighter and cheaper and last longer than regular light bulbs. Many cities, including Los Angeles and New York, are making the switch to LED lights. Under Jones’ plan, Detroit would “relamp” all of its neighborhoods within 18 months — faster than the initial three-year goal set last year.
But the city won’t be turning on all of its lights. Under the current plan, streetlights in the city would be reduced by about 40 percent, in part by removing lights in neighborhoods that are largely empty. On those streets, there would be a light at an intersection, but not the normal two or three down the block.
Two neighborhoods that were designated pilot projects for the new LED lights last fall will be completed this spring — though for some in the city, it won’t be soon enough.
“You eat an elephant one bite at a time,” Jones said, asking for patience. “We want things to work, and we want things to work the right way and that takes time.”
But one unknown is whether the agency will be able to borrow the rest of the estimated $150 million in funds needed to complete the overhaul. While the authority’s funding is technically separate from the city and its bonds are being issued through the state-run Michigan Finance Authority, the funds are set to be paid back with revenue from Detroit’s utility tax. And because the city has filed for bankruptcy, Moody’s Investors Service gave the bond issue a “credit negative” — warning creditors to stay away because they are unlikely to be repaid.
But Jones is hopeful it will work out, though he is quick to acknowledge there are likely to be “learning moments” along the way, particularly as Detroit tries to rebuild against the backdrop of a bankruptcy.
“This is challenging, but it’s an opportunity for greatness,” Jones said. “This city is going to come out of this shining.”
Literally, he hopes. | <urn:uuid:23852773-0ce1-46fc-afe4-b96f8f4bf62b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.yahoo.com/detroit-bankruptcy-streetlights-185544119.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.973728 | 1,996 | 2 | 2 |
Somalia’s parliament will hold presidential elections this Sunday, delayed by more than a year after problems in holding the general elections scheduled for December 2020 due to political tensions and growing uncertainty following attacks by the terrorist group Al Shabaab.
A total of 39 people, a historical figure in the country, have submitted their candidacy for the presidency ahead of a vote to be held at a facility at Mogadishu International Airport amid a large security screen.
Somalia’s political system does not provide for direct elections, so the President is elected by the members of the recently constituted parliament through an indirect process in which the population has no voting rights and in which no political parties participate.
Thus, parliamentarians are elected by delegates appointed by leaders of traditional clans and members of civil society who are in turn chosen by regional authorities. Subsequently, these individuals and the members of the Senate representing the country’s five regions are responsible for appointing the new President.
This model reflects the power the clans still hold in the African country – four of them retain the majority with seats evenly distributed – and the lack of a state with the ability to control the situation on the ground, insecurity and widespread corruption.
General elections ended in April after numerous delays since late 2020, after which the leaders of both chambers were elected, led by Adán Mohamed Nuur Madobe — President of the Lower House — and Abdi Hashi — President of Parliament — the Upper House–.
The selection process for executive posts in the legislature also marked a historic milestone, with Sania Yasin Samatar becoming the first woman vice-president of a chamber of the Somali parliament at the end of April.
The vote also comes some 15 months after the end of current President Mohamed Abdulahi Mohamed’s term in office and has been criticized by the opposition for his alleged efforts to prolong the electoral process and stay in power unconstitutionally.
Since then, the President, popularly known as “Farmajo”, has been involved in numerous altercations with Prime Minister Mohamed Hussein Roble, whom he even tried twice to suspend from office due to his tensions and differing interpretations of the legal framework for decision-making.
‘Farmajo’ recently announced he would seek re-election – after winning the 2017 general election – although he does not appear to be among the main favorites following setbacks suffered by his candidates in the main campaign election offices in Parliament.
The main favorites for the post, therefore, include former Presidents Sheikh Sharif Ahmed (2009-2012) and Hasan Sheikh Mohamud (2012-2017), who have been particularly critical of the current President in recent months, fueling tensions that are even threatening Armed clashes break out in the capital.
Sharif Ahmed, a member of the Hawiye clan, has geared his political program towards completing the constitutional revision process and ending the conflict with Al Shabaab – which has ties to the Al Qaeda terrorist organization – while Sheikh Mohamud, also from the Hawiye clan , is committed to easing tensions between the central government and the regions.
Also among the candidates with the most opportunities are former Prime Minister Hasán Ali Jaire, who held the post between 2017 and 2020 – when he was forced to resign after a controversial no-confidence vote – and the president of the semi-autonomous Puntland region, Abdullahi Deni said.
Ali Jaire, also a member of the Hawiye clan, has defended that his goal will be to uphold the political agenda he pushed as Prime Minister and to change the mistakes that led to the motion of no confidence against him, while Deni , a member of the Darod clan belonging to ‘Farmajo’, has focused on strengthening the economy and institutions.
On the other hand, there is only one woman among the 39 candidates, ex-Foreign Minister Fauzia Yusuf Adam, although she is not one of the favourites. The role of women in Somali politics remains a remnant, although progress has been made in recent years regarding their representation in parliament.
In this sense, Yusuf Adam has defended during his election campaign the need to integrate women into the political process and give them more weight in society in order to move the African country forward, supporting his capacity for reform due to his experience as a minister and deputy prime minister.
The presidential election has also caused tensions to rise in recent weeks, reflected in a surge in Kalashnikov assault rifle prices in arms markets, the New Humanitarian Agency reported this week.
Back in April 2021, “Farmajo’s” attempts to extend his mandate through a parliamentary vote sparked clashes in Mogadishu, a precedent raising fears that the vote could spark new episodes of violence in Mogadishu, the Hawiye clan’s main stronghold. could lead.
The election is also taking place amid a situation of insecurity marked for years by the presence of Al Shabaab, which controls parts of the south of the country and has carried out multiple attacks in the capital and other parts of Somalia in the days leading up to the vote.
The group’s most recent attacks include one in April against a facility near Mogadishu airport during the swearing-in ceremony for new parliamentarians, an incident that left no casualties. The capital has been the scene of several attacks in recent days, including an assassination attempt on local police chief Farhan Qarole, who had survived a car bomb attack in July 2021.
Al Shabaab also carried out an attack on an African Union (AU) mission base in the central Somali town of El Baraf in early May, killing at least ten Burundian soldiers in the African Union Transitional Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) , according to the balance provided by Gitega.
This base has also been attacked with projectiles in recent days, a sign of growing insecurity despite international efforts. ATMIS received the support of the United Nations Security Council in April and emerges from the reorganization of the AU Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), which supports the government in the fight against Al Shabaab.
Add to that the deepening humanitarian crisis in the country, which has also been rocked by the worst drought in nearly four decades, prompting Roble to appeal for international aid in March. The Prime Minister, who declared a state of emergency at the end of 2021, warned that almost seven million people would be affected.
The UN has unveiled a humanitarian aid plan for Somalia that is expected to raise $1,500 million to help 5.5 million people amid a displacement crisis due to the loss of refugee camps and community tensions. | <urn:uuid:fd3f3a7e-e6a4-4640-9257-46a3d67195d2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.europeworldnews.com/somalia-is-celebrating-a-presidential-election-tomorrow-more-than-a-year-late-in-an-attempt-to-end-the-political-crisis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.973331 | 1,357 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Visiting non-official EVE Online web sites may prompt users to log in using their EVE Online account credentials. This can cause concern for their account security. However, it is possible that the web site is using the EVE Online Single Sign On (SSO). The SSO allows users to submit their account information securely to the EVE Online login server and for the web site to receive confirmation that the player owns a specific character.
There are some important points to consider when prompted to submit the account credentials when visiting a non-official CCP site:
- Users should ensure that the site which requests the log in information is secure. In order to determine the site is secure, please see the 'How to use the SSO in a secure way' section below.
- Using an authentic SSO means that the web site will not see the account credentials (Username or Password). The SSO will only confirm if an account holds a character.
- If there is any doubt about the security or authenticity of a website, users should not enter any account information. Any suspicious sites should be reported to firstname.lastname@example.org
More detailed information about the SSO can be found in the article below.
What is the SSO?
The SSO, also known as single-sign-on, is a way to log into one web site or application using a username and password from another web site.
For example, https://www.goodreads.com/ will request to sign in with Facebook, Twitter, Google, or even Amazon. For Goodreads this is great because it means they don't have to worry about managing registered username and password information. It also has the nice advantage of making it a lot easier to sign into their site without registration or keep track of multiple extra account names and passwords.
For EVE Online, the SSO means logging into a web site that has integrated the EVE SSO and can confirm a specific character. While signing into a site, a character will be chosen to authenticate and the web site allow EVE SSO to get confirmation from CCP that verifies the character ownership.
The original web site will only get the character information. They will never see the account name or password. The original web site will not know on which account that character is or have any way of linking that character to any other character on the same account.
The SSO looks something like this:
How to use the SSO in a secure way
SSO system, by nature, is the guard at the gates. In our case it guards who is able to access the virtual identity. Sadly, the internet is full of fraudsters lingering around and waiting for a chance to make a profit or gain some benefits and they are happy to do this any way imaginable. They try to trick people into giving them their account credentials with the help of social and technical measures including phishing and spoofing of authorities as well as web portals.
That being said, what is the best way to use the SSO in a secure way? Luckily, nowadays tools and technologies provide us with plenty of information about trust relationships and communication security. Utilizing this information, we are able to tell if we are being targeted by an attack or not. In the case of our SSO this looks like follows.
Validate secure connection to the correct web resource before entering any credentials
There is only one legitimate domain and host name combination for our SSO which is login.eveonline.com. Also make sure the connection is via https: (note the “s”) and never enter any credentials over plain text and unauthenticated http: connections.
Verify that the connection is securely encrypted and authenticated
This is an example of the verification dialog displayed by clicking the small lock icon to the left of the URL bar in a Chrome browser. Every modern browser provides this or a similar brief overview which allows verification of the trust relationship of the SSO connection and the security level of the encryption which is applied.
Manual verification of the certificate
By manually verifying the certificate of the web resource connection, the certificate validation can be conducted for the domain it is used and its expiration.
Following these recommendations, it is possible to reduce the risk of account credentials being stolen. Also, we encourage to report any misleading, bogus or questionable usage of our SSO to email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:6b119428-4e1d-4899-9d91-d6ab4a18ccec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support.eveonline.com/hc/en-us/articles/205381192-Single-Sign-On-SSO | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.92117 | 897 | 1.625 | 2 |
10 Smart Planning Tips For Adventure Travellers
While you are on an adventure trip in India or anywhere in the world, anything can happen – good as well as bad. Chances of you getting injured or your car breaking down are as good as getting an impromptu invitation to lunch with the locals or a free wine for answering a few survey questions. That’s the beauty of traveling.
You learn to go with the flow. That said, you cannot leave everything to destiny. Planning the logistics and preparing for the worst before you embark on your adventure travel journey will give you the freedom to take on the journey without any worry.
Here are 10 smart tips to help you prepare for almost anything and everything on your adventure travel in India:
1. Decide the place of travel depending on the adventure activities you want to partake
Research about the adventure places in India that offer your different types of adventure activities. Listed below are some popular adventure activities in India:
Hand Gliding: Get wings to fly and witness the city from the top. Locations: Bir Billing in Himachal Pradesh, Shillong (Meghalaya), Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and across the beautiful Southern Aravalli range in Gujarat.
Parasailing: Take a flight from the ground and sail above the beautiful seas and beaches of India. Locations: Goa and Kerala
Skydiving: Indulge in an electrifying experience where you float 3000 meters above the ground and free-fall from over 10000 ft up in the air. Locations: Mysore, Pondicherry, Dhana, Deesa, and Aamby Valley near Maharashtra.
River Rafting: Experience the thrill and spills against the backdrop of the roaring river. Locations: Himachal Pradesh, Ladakh, Uttarakhand, and Sikkim.
- Scuba Diving: Explore the magnificent sight of the underwater world and its wonderful creatures. Locations: The Islandic states of Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep Islands, Pondicherry.
Once you have decided on the place, go ahead with booking your flights, the hotels, and the activities much in advance.
Suggested Read: Mountain Activities in India
2. Prepare for the physically challenging experience
Doing any of the adventure activities needs preparation. Consider these examples:
Get in shape to feel strong and up to the challenge. You’ll enjoy the experience more.
Carry the right fuel, such as enough energy bars and protein drinks to maintain stamina.
While doing these adventure activities, there will be a huge change in altitude. Talk to your doctor about getting yourself some preventive medicine.
3. Master your go-to travel necessities
Don’t let the excitement of experiencing the beauty of discovering uncharted lands allow you to ignore the basic necessities.
Keep your travel docs organized. Take copies of important documents.
Carry your toiletries, personal medicines, sunscreen, mosquito repellent, etc.
Figure out a place to keep your money close at hand—and out of other people’s hands.
4. Invest in the right gear
Here are a few suggestions:
If you’re going to be backpacking, find a comfortable, lightweight backpack
If your adventure travel involves hiking, invest in high-quality, durable trekking boots.
If you’re going to be walking a lot, bring compression socks to keep your legs from swelling
Suggested Read: How To Travel In Style
5. Prepare for unexpected purchases
While you are on adventure travel, you’ll never know what treasures you may come across that you may want to take home. So, take an extra bag to pack your unexpected goodies.
6. Plan for financial or medical emergencies
It’s important to keep aside emergency cash while traveling, but it’s extra important while you are on adventure travel because you’ll be participating in activities that are dangerous and risky. So, you’ll need a safety blanket. Consider taking a loan for vacation as a cash cushion. You can also consider other travel financing options that are cheaper than high-interest credit cards.
7. Master the technique of packing your bag
Now that you have picked out your destination, planned out your activities, booked your flight, it’s time to pack your bags.
Find the right bag for your trip and organize it for maximum storage.
Get some packing organizers so you can stay on your game throughout the trip.
Suggested Read: Travel tips visiting India
So, the bags are packed and you are ready for the trip. Not yet. Have you planned your finances?
8. Get travel insurance
The future is unpredictable and taking unnecessary risks is stupidity. So, get insured. From canceled trips to medical expenses to theft – travel insurance covers it all.
9. Use budgeting apps
If you are on budget travel, having a budgeting app is helpful. You can track all your expenses and monitor your budget accordingly.
10. Pay your bills
Before you begin your travel journey, it’s important that you do a quick rundown on your bills. Pay the bills that are due, and if needed, set up automatic payments.
When you travel to your destination with preparedness, you are more confident in dealing with challenges that come with gear mishaps and travel faux pas. You are then truly prepared to enjoy the experience.
Suggested Read: International Travel for First-Timers
Author: Shiv Nanda, is a financial analyst at MoneyTap, India’s first app-based credit line. Catering to the credit needs of middle-class customers in India, MoneyTap has established itself as one of the top-notch companies that provide instant personal loans to its customers and help them in times of emergencies or otherwise. | <urn:uuid:b0dce9c4-0dfa-48f7-9bc8-b55ccc892dab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ritiriwaz.com/10-smart-planning-tips-for-adventure-travellers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.918429 | 1,244 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Each year, about half of Canada’s food supply goes to waste. Fields of produce are plowed under due to cancelled orders; tomatoes destined for pasta sauce fall off conveyor belts and never make it to store shelves. That might be about to change.
On Thursday, Marie-Claude Bibeau, federal minister of agriculture and agri-food, announced a national competition for projects to reduce the country’s food waste. The program, a first step of a national food waste reduction plan, will fund novel projects to reduce waste throughout the supply chain.
It’s a problem that extends well beyond household compost bins. Roughly 35.5 million tonnes of food is wasted in Canada each year, generating about 56.5 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent, according to a 2019 report by Second Harvest, a non-profit that redistributes food that would otherwise be wasted to food banks and charities. More than half this waste is created before food hits grocery store shelves.
“Reducing food waste is necessary for so many reasons: It can help save consumers money, improve food security, support efficiency in the agriculture and food sector and significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions,” said Bibeau in a written statement.
“We actually do have a pretty solid understanding of where that food loss and waste is across the supply chain,” said Lori Nikkel, CEO of Second Harvest.
Nikkel hopes the $10.8-million competition announced Thursday will act as a spark for action on the issue.
“Having the knowledge and then actually doing something about it … are two different things,” she said.
The contest is open to everyone, from businesses to governments to individuals. Proposals to the contest will go through several rounds of evaluation, with two finalists awarded $1.5 million each to implement their plan. Efforts to reduce, divert and repurpose wasted food so it remains on the market would be well-suited, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada explained in a statement.
That approach — focused on reducing waste throughout the supply chain instead of redistributing it to charities — has some observers cautiously optimistic that critiques of previous food waste reduction efforts are being heard.
“Food waste ... is a symptom of a dysfunctional industrial food system … but it’s being presented as an answer to poverty and food insecurity ... a function of the capitalist market (and) broken social safety nets,” says UBC professor Graham Riches.
“The problem with (many programs) is that (they) just reinforce the idea that food waste and food banks and charity are an effective response to food insecurity,” said Graham Riches, professor of social work at the University of British Columbia. He pointed to the federal government’s recent $50-million Surplus Food Rescue Fund as an example.
The program, which was announced in August, redistributes food that was stranded by the pandemic-related food service and hospitality shutdown to food banks across Canada. The approach dealt in part with the immediate crisis: About 5.8 million kilograms of food was stranded when the pandemic hit, and in May, Statistics Canada reported that over 1.5 million more people had become food insecure since 2018, and one in seven Canadians hadn't had enough food during the previous month.
Yet while it dealt with the immediate crisis, Riches said the program didn’t challenge long-standing and more problematic patterns in government policies focused on redistributing excess food produced by the industrial food system to food banks and charities. It’s a problematic approach, he explained
“Food waste is a product, is a symptom of a dysfunctional industrial food system … but it’s being presented as an answer to poverty and food insecurity, which is a function of the capitalist market, but also broken social safety nets.”
That’s because food insecurity arises out of social and economic inequality, he explained. Fully addressing it means overhauling income support systems to ensure that people have enough money to buy their own food and don’t need to rely on food banks at all.
“People need money in their pockets to get by,” he said. “They don’t actually need handouts, food handouts, which do nothing for the economy other than subsidizing low wages and subsidizing low welfare benefits.”
Meanwhile, food waste is a separate issue that requires changing how food is grown, processed, transported and sold, an approach that could be reflected in the contest announced this week.
“I think it’s a very good thing that the federal government is developing this national food waste reduction challenge,” he said.
“You’ve got to reframe what you’re doing about … the industrial food system and how it produces food from the farm to the table and the various stages that food goes through on its transfer to people’s mouths.”
Marc Fawcett-Atkinson / Local Journalism Initiative / Canada's National Observer | <urn:uuid:2b453393-22fe-497a-83dc-f05fe12b83c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nationalobserver.com/2020/11/20/news/government-competition-plans-to-reduce-food-waste | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.956136 | 1,044 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Kangaroula for normal birth
During the actual labour, nurses and midwives are usually in constant attendance, as this is seen as a high risk time. The same applies for the first hour after birth, but during this time the nurses also have a great deal of practical work to do, and even more paper work to complete, and the focus on the mother and the newborn baby gets reduced to medical and nursing observations. Father might be there … but what does he know ?
And yet … this is the most important time of all for the baby. This is the golden hour when the baby wants to do it self-attachment, and make it first eye to eye contact with mother that leads to bonding. This is the time it identifies the breast and wires its brain to that breast for optimal, easy and trouble free breastfeeding. This is a fragile time … because these early behaviours can easily be disturbed.
And so the Kangaroula is there to make sure that this disturbance is minimised as far as possible, while also making sure that mother and baby are fine, assisting the nurses with all the things they have to do, while avoiding separation and disturbing baby.
Our experience is that mothers who have the first two hours protected and supported in this way are profoundly empowered thereafter. There is an enhanced quality to the attachment, as mothers learn to understand their own baby’s communications and needs that much earlier. The baby gets into a content mode, that makes the whole future of being a parent that much easier, and enjoyable.
Kangaroo Mother Care for all births
SUPPORT SERVICE FOR ALL NEWBORNS AND THEIR PARENTS!
The following information is also available in a PDF to download.
OUR SUPPORT BRIDGES CARE – from the BIRTH experience to CONFIDENT PARENTING.
1. BEFORE BIRTH:
- Being prepared, informed and educated about your choices before birth makes a difference, the first hour of life is very important.
2. LABOUR SUPPORT:
- We can be with you during your labour, like the doula. This reduces pain for you, and helps your baby
3. AT BIRTH – NORMAL DELIVERY – we offer help with:
- Immediate Skin to skin contact (on mum or dad)
- Encouragement of early breastfeeding and bonding
- Safe technique for attaching newborn to mum’s chest for safe co-sleeping
- Sensory supportive environment for newborn
- Technology as needed
4. IF A CAESAREAN is needed or planned, we offer help with:
- Skin to skin on dad in operating theatre
- Support in transfer of baby to mum for early self-attachment and bonding.
- in addition to breastfeeding, safe technique, sensory environment and technology .
5. NATURAL PARENTING:
- Getting the start right with early skin-to-skin contact, you will find that the answers to most parenting questions will come from inside yourself. You don’t need any books ! Our support enables you to trust yourself as a parent. You can learn how to read your baby’s tiny stress cues and learn to calm her.
COLLABORATION and TEAMWORK with all categories of staff.
We will support the staff in their roles, and work to make all involved into an integrated and “state of the art” care team.
Antenatal classes help you to give birth well, but what classes teach you how to be a parent? Adjusting to a tiny baby can be a very challenging time for you. Your baby needs you to face your feelings, so that you can help her thrive. Counselling can help you understand your emotions and cope better. | <urn:uuid:e5ed604f-afd4-4e64-b9dd-2ec86eca151c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kangaroomothercare.com/services/kangaroula-for-normal-birth/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.94969 | 778 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Getting Rid Of Increasingly Smarter Ants In Alexandria, VA
Professional ant control is becoming more important for the residents of Alexandria, VA. If you have ever dealt with ants, then you probably know just how resilient they can be. Just when you think you finally got rid of them, you notice a new line of marching ants invading your home. Why is that? One reason is that you may not be using the right approach.
Do you see a line of ants and immediately take out a can of pesticide and start spraying away? What you may not realize is that the real issue is the queen ant, who’s out there in her nest creating more ant armies to send into your home. In other words, what you really need to take out is the queen, not her subjects. That’s why baits are the best solution.
So, rather than spraying down marching ants, use their lines to your advantage. Bait them into traps that contain food for them to bring back to the nest. Unfortunately for your pests, the food’s poisonous, so the bait will kill the queen ant and end the stream of new ants flooding into your office.
Even now, you shouldn’t spray or wipe up the line of ants. You want them to continue following the scent so as many of them bring bad food back to the nest as possible. Read more at Chicago Now…
When using baits, it’s also worth noting that it could be a few days or weeks before you notice the ants start to dwindle. But sometimes, even that doesn’t work. The ant armies keep streaming in. One possible reason for this is that the ants may not find the bait contents appealing.
Regardless of how annoying they are, you have to admit that ant evolution is pretty impressive. At least that’s what some scientists feel because there are studies out there examining ant behavior. One group of scientists found that ants can be quite picky about what they eat:
A common problem pest management professionals (PMPs) run encounter with ant control is ants not taking the bait they have laid out. In these situations, technicians should consider whether the bait they have chosen is meeting the colony’s nutritional needs, said Kevin LeMasters, president of EnviroPest, based in Loveland, Colo. Ants may not consume a bait if it does not contain the food sources they need during a specific time of year. When picking a bait, it is important for PMPs to consider the growth and development patterns of ants. This way, they can choose one that best appeals to them. Read more at PCT Online…
It would seem that ants are so evolved that they switch up their diet depending on the season. They’ll pick foods rich in fats and proteins in spring, and then carbohydrates in the summer. They instinctively know their nutritional needs for each season. This may be why they’re passing up on your yummy bait food and going for what you actually eat instead.
Another group of scientists discovered that ants can actually use their memories to protect themselves from danger. Once an ant comes across a trap and escapes, it is less likely to be at risk of falling into the same trap later on. Ants typically use the same routes to their food sources and back to their nests. They use pheromone traces to find their way back home. Their memory helps them get better at keeping themselves safe with each new trip.
In an investigation by animal behavior specialist Antoine Wystrach and colleagues from the University of Toulouse in France, ants were found to be able to establish the link between visual signs and negative experiences. Ants can remember potentially dangerous routes.
…The ants, who encountered the trap in the first time, quickly moved towards their nests and fell into the trap. In the second attempt, it was observed that the ants changed their way by avoiding the pit. Some ants approaching the trap first stopped and checked their surroundings, then wandered around the pit and reached their nests safely. Read more at SOMAG News…
Backyard Bug Patrol takes all these factors into consideration when laying out our professional ant control strategies in Fairfax County. For instance, our ant baits contain just the right food for the ants depending on the season. Additionally, our traps are laid out strategically, so the ants don’t view them as traps but as food sources. We’ll also come back to ensure the job was done, and replenish the traps as needed. Call us today.
- Ticks And Rodents: Three Perspectives On The Illnesses They Transmit - July 27, 2022
- Lone-Star Tick: The Bug That Can Alter Your Meat Diet Completely - July 13, 2022
- What You Need To Know About Ants During Summertime - June 30, 2022 | <urn:uuid:e0ca6cf9-c229-407b-99a4-270cea8f8ac2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://backyardbugpatrol.com/virginia/fairfax/smarter-ants-in-alexandria-va/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.960063 | 995 | 1.726563 | 2 |
EE has become the first European network to successfully aggregate a 5G signal using seven different spectrum carriers, including its existing 3.4GHz and new 3.6GHz 5G channels. This breakthrough will deliver new benefits for EE customers, with 5G data speeds topping 2.2Gbps in lab testing and expected real-world speeds of over 1.7Gbps on the network.
The innovation means a major boost in 5G network capacity, using a total of 170 MHz of Bandwidth, and could deliver the fastest available 5G in some areas of the UK.
Working in collaboration with Qualcomm Technologies at BT’s Borehamwood lab, the EE network can now deliver a 5G signal using seven radio carriers, including some spectrum EE acquired in Ofcom’s spectrum auction last year.
Using five 4G (LTE) carriers and two 5G (New Radio), it is the first time any European network has achieved this feat. A mobile test device featuring the Snapdragon® 8 Gen 1 Mobile Platform with Snapdragon X65 5G Modem-RF System was used to achieve the milestone.
David Salam, Director of Mobile at EE, said: “Our commitment to technology investment and innovation, coupled with our leading 5G footprint, continues to see the EE network offer and sustain the best overall 5G experience in the UK. By pooling our research expertise with Qualcomm Technologies, we have been able to further enhance the EE network and will start to deliver some of Europe’s fastest 5G speeds in our major cities.”
Vikrant Jain, Director, Business Development at Qualcomm Technologies International, Ltd., said: “We’re proud to have worked with EE to achieve such a notable milestone in the evolution of 5G technology. Aggregating seven (5LTE +2NR) different spectrum bands for 5G is a significant achievement and will provide enhanced customer experience. Qualcomm Technologies would like to congratulate EE as it remains at the forefront of 5G technology innovation.”
EE’s focus is always on providing the highest possible quality of experience. So far, it has launched 5G across hundreds of towns and cities, giving customers faster speeds, leading reliability and near instant connections to content.
Last year, EE set out an ambition to deliver 5G connectivity solutions anywhere in the UK by 2028, through a combination of permanent coverage and on demand solutions. | <urn:uuid:ff8d20a3-fb71-402c-9d5d-1cb752dfa1c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mobilemandan.co.uk/ee-collaborates-with-qualcomm-to-achieve-a-european-first-in-5g-speeds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.934549 | 493 | 1.671875 | 2 |
A patent is a form of intellectual property right that protects an invention against unauthorized reproduction, use, copy, or sale. Patents may cover new and useful processes, machines, manufactured items, compositions of matter, designs, or any improvements on them. Patentable inventions must be new and non-obvious. Patents are territorial and require registration in each jurisdiction where protection is sought.
The most common types of patents are utility patents and design patents. The essential distinction between design and utility patents is the difference in protecting “How it looks” (design) vs. “How it works” (utility).
A utility patent protects the functional aspects of a product or process. Examples of utility patents are machines (computers, engines), articles of manufacture, or processes (software).
A design patent protects the non-functional appearance and unique visual qualities of an item. To qualify for a design patent, the design of the object must be new, visually unique and original.
For example, a product such as a shoe might be protected by both a design patent and a utility patent. If a shoe enables an athlete to run more quickly due to some technical innovation, the invention might qualify for the utility patent. If the shoe also has an original, new, and non-functional design, the inventor might also obtain a design patent.
Example of Utility patent
(US 10,798,988 B2 from USPTO database)
Example of Design Patent
(US D545,555 S from USPTO database)
The information provided on this Website is for informational purposes only and does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal advice on any subject matter. Should you require assistance related to the subject matter or information on this Website, you should contact an attorney for legal advice. | <urn:uuid:3e46a4fb-d16a-49a1-9c2e-2e1d41c2bea7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://merchantfaq.wish.com/hc/en-us/articles/1260800881950-%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.900974 | 377 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Health habits improve with consistent daily choices. Everyday is a new chance to make an improvement in your health. Although it’s difficult to maintain a healthy eating plan as we near the Christmas holidays, personal food choice is ultimately up to you. Excuses will not help you overcome poor decisions so just leave them behind. If you find yourself invited to a party that may not have the best selections, perhaps you could bring some as a courtesy. I am certain that not everyone will disparage having a greater selection with healthy choices.
Eat Less and at Specific Times
Try eating less and at specific times. We have a tendency to eat too much and eat often. Restaurants almost always provide more than an adequate serving. If I said “Supersize” you would know exactly what that means. Snacking in between meals is detrimental to your health. Select a block of time that you will eat at and try not to deviate from that schedule. This gives your body rest and time to digest and process the nutrition you provide. This is one of the most important health habits to have. We have more about this in our “Intermittent Fasting” resource. There is also many other resources on intermittent fasting available on the internet. Here is another great resource to help you get started by Dr. Eric Berg.
Find Your Health Habits Motivator
Find someone to help encourage you. Some of the best resources to help you in your battle to a healthy lifestyle are free. Your friends and family who care about you deeply can also provide support and encouragement on this life-changing journey. You can make these choices together or just check in with them at predetermined times to let them know how you are doing. Just be cautious of loved ones who try to convince you that “you should do what you want because you only live once.” This is a self-destructive attitude and is not the best for you. You will know when you find the person who is your true champion.
Create a Health Habits Journal
Journal how you are feeling. Writing down the progress you are making and how you feel about it is an important step to your success. Reviewing what has worked and what hasn’t worked for you is a powerful tool. When you note your emotional state, you will know what food choices benefit you the most. Try writing in a journal for a few weeks and see if it makes a difference. Before long, you will automatically know which foods to avoid. | <urn:uuid:59a680dd-1e4a-4420-9902-a4be96cd0be9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fivedollarfarm.com/health-and-nutrition/health-habits-becoming-aware-of-your-daily-choices/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.96993 | 515 | 2.046875 | 2 |
- Doctoral Candidate
- Cornell University
Shifts in mass sentiments can seal the fate of dictatorships, as witnessed by the collapse of Communism, the color revolutions in East Europe and the Arab Spring. But does popular opinion also play a key role in the establishment of authoritarian regimes? This dissertation argues that electoral autocracies – the most persistent type of non-democracy today – are established in the wake of acute crises that have delegitimized mainstream political alternatives. In such contexts, authoritarian leaders with records of effective response to popular demands for stabilization establish reputational advantages over their opponents, securing long-term electoral dominance. Fears of renewed instability, in turn, deter voters from supporting oppositions, allowing even poorly performing electoral autocracies to endure. | <urn:uuid:b6e456ae-ae9b-4457-8a05-91dde4e423e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.acls.org/fellow-grantees/aleksandar-matovski/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.919228 | 165 | 1.851563 | 2 |
A collaboration between fire and police in Shropshire and Hereford and Worcester saw their first firefighter training course of Police Community Support Officers (PCSOs).
The initiative with West Mercia Police to train PCSOs as firefighters in more rural areas will help keep fire appliances ‘on the run’ says Shropshire’s fire chief.
Shropshire’s first Police Community Support Officers to become on-call firefighters, Andy Neeves and Steve Breese, and Kirsty Jenkins from Hereford and Worcester will now perform an emergency services dual role.
Andy, a PCSO in Oswestry town centre, has already responded to more than 60 emergency fire calls since he started his dual role with Shropshire Fire and Rescue Service in March this year. He said, “Working together like this will benefit both services and save money. I don’t respond to a fire call if I’m dealing with a police incident but if I am able, then I go.”
A former Superdrug store manager in Shrewsbury, Andy now works for the police for 37 hours and is available on call for fire duties for up to 84 hours a week with fire fighting colleagues based at Oswestry Fire Station.
“Training Police Community Support Officers as firefighters is a groundbreaking approach and makes a lot of sense,” said Shropshire’s Chief Fire Officer Rod Hammerton. “It provides the fire and rescue service with firefighters where they are hardest to find and provides local communities with an additional layer of protection.
“It is difficult to attract firefighter recruits in some parts of Shropshire and it is sometimes a struggle to crew fire appliances, especially during weekdays. This innovative approach will help us tackle that issue.
“We are always on the lookout for capable people to become on-call firefighters. It just so happens that PCSOs hold many of the qualities we look for in a firefighter so I think this initiative is an excellent fit for us and the community,” he said.
Shropshire PCSO Steve Breese was presented with the top student award for his course. | <urn:uuid:6c3addc5-9bca-42f1-b4a9-80efee78eb59> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://emergencyservicestimes.com/dual-role-police-firefighters-shropshire/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.961331 | 451 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Vaccination against monkeypox available in Nunavik
Quebec reports 202 cases in province, but spread in Nunavik still ‘unlikely’, says local health board
Vaccination against the monkeypox virus is now available in Nunavik.
The vaccines, which help mitigate infection and spread of monkeypox, are being offered to eligible recipients in all communities there, the Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services announced Monday.
Monkeypox is a viral disease that can enter the body through broken skin, the respiratory tract or the mucous membranes such as eyes, nose or mouth, according to the Public Health Agency of Canada.
It can also be spread through skin-to-skin contact and through intimate and sexual contact.
The Nunavik health board said people who have been in contact with someone who has monkeypox or “men and gay, bisexual, trans and queer people who have had, or will have, sexual contacts with at least one new male partner in Montreal” should consider getting vaccinated against monkeypox as the virus is circulating mainly in those groups.
The board, however, stressed the risk of monkeypox is not limited to people who are sexually active or men who have sex with men.
“Anyone who has close contact with someone who is infectious is at risk,” it said.
People in Nunavik can receive the vaccine by contacting their local community service centre or nursing station and asking for a public health or COVID-19 nurse.
The vaccine for monkeypox is the same as is used to prevent smallpox. According to the Nunavik board, it can be administered before exposure to help prevent infection, or after exposure to an infected person to help weaken symptoms. The vaccine is 85 per cent effective at preventing infection.
Symptoms of monkeypox infection are typically mild and can include headache, fever, chills, sore throat, fatigue, muscle and back pain, joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, rash, and skin lesions.
As of June 29, there were 278 active cases of monkeypox across Canada, including 202 in Quebec, according to the outbreak tracker from Public Health Agency of Canada.
While the Nunavik health board is monitoring the outbreak, transmission to large groups in Nunavik is still considered to be “unlikely,” according to a message on the board’s website about infectious diseases.
“Early detection of the presence of monkeypox in a community can help limit the spread in small groups close to the infected person … The situation is not a major concern, but it is a good idea to monitor,” it said.
More information about monkeypox is available on the Nunavik health board website.
The Nunavut Department of Health has not announced yet whether it is also providing vaccinations against monkeypox. | <urn:uuid:ec0dbc42-8863-4a5a-a89a-ae53fc9677bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nunatsiaq.com/stories/article/vaccination-against-monkeypox-available-in-nunavik/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.958471 | 587 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Where does all of that cafeteria lunch trash go? That was the question the Radioactive Hamburgers, a team of fifth grade students at Hillside Elementary School, asked when they began work on their FIRST Lego League (FLL) project last fall and were tasked with designing a project that solved any problem related to trash and/or recycling. Their answer would not only result in their winning an innovation award at the December 5th Worcester Qualifier tournament, but it also jump-started an initiative to better address the issue of mealtime trash at the Hillside Elementary School.
For their project, Hillside students Zachary Brown, Noah Dooley, Adam Kuechler, Daniel King, Dilin Meloni, and Omri Sde-Or focused their attention on understanding what happens with the lunchtime food waste generated at Hillside and how to better dispose of it. The boys began by meeting with Greg Smith, Needham’s Superintendent of Solid Waste and Recycling Operations. Mr. Smith explained the town’s composting program at the Recycling and Transfer Station (RTS), where yard waste (i.e., brown matter) and organic waste (i.e., green matter) are combined and recycled into rich fertile compost. In learning that the RTS is interested in working with local organizations to obtain more green matter, the boys developed an innovative system that would channel to the RTS the large volume of food waste produced at their elementary school.
As part of their initial research efforts, the FLL team enlisted the support of Michael Kascak, Hillside’s principal. They were also able to interview lunchroom staff and the school custodian about existing processes to deal with food waste and the suspected volume of food waste produced by the school community. The results of their early research were presented at the FLL competition and, subsequently, to the Board of Selectmen for the Town of Needham. Although the FLL competition only required the boys to propose a solution, the team continues to work on implementing their original proposal.
Working in collaboration with Mr. Kascak and the school custodian, the boys conducted pilot studies during March and early April 2016 to address two key questions: 1) what is the volume of food waste being produced by the school? and, 2) can you get elementary school children to sort their waste into discretely labeled bins to ensure that food waste is separated? To conduct these studies, trash bins were labeled according to 4 different waste types: 1) foam trays; 2) milk cartons; 3) food waste; and, 4) other trash. The FLL team spoke to all students about the importance of recycling food waste and reducing overall trash. They also talked with them about how to separate food waste. They then piloted the use of the trash bins by grade level during various lunch periods across the span of several weeks. Through these pilot tests, they found that elementary students were able to successfully separate their waste. They also found that, on average, each grade level at Hillside produces about 10-20 pounds of food waste per lunch period each school day.
Additionally, during the spring, the students met with town and school officials, as well as parents and a few Needham High School students, to put together a Working Group to examine next steps and brainstorm about how the food waste would be transported to the Needham RTS. Subsequently, the Working Group has received news that a solution is being worked out. The Town of Natick, which has been negotiating to bring food waste from their town to the Needham RTS, has agreed to pick up Hillside’s food waste on the way to the RTS. Details are still be worked out, and the Hillside Food Waste Working Group is excited to see the potential for this project to move forward.
As the next stages of this project move forward, the FLL students and the associated working group aim to determine how this project could grow in scale to expand to the other Needham schools. They are already excited to see that NHS students are interested in tackling a similar project at the high school and look forward to sharing what they learn with the older students and potentially collaborating to ensure that this initiative moves town-wide. | <urn:uuid:01e9e15a-bbe3-49cb-a1c4-02a65f6acbb8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.greenneedham.org/blog/2016/04/hillside-school-5th-graders-take-on-cafeteria-food-waste/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.977083 | 866 | 2.234375 | 2 |
OPEC heavyweight Saudi Arabia has made a sharp cut in oil output that had held at record rates around 10 million barrels a day for three months running to help offset a plunge in output from fellow OPEC member Libya.
The world’s top oil exporter turned down the taps to 9.75 million barrels per day (bpd) in October - versus 10.1 million bpd the previous month, an industry source familiar with the matter told Reuters.
The kingdom lifted output to 10.05 million bpd in August, the highest since records begin in 1980, according to figures form the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
The industry source did not give a reason for the drop, only adding that supply to the market in October was 9.7 million bpd.
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries meets on December 4 to chart production policy for 2014.
Saudi oil minister says ready to meet crude demandSaudi Arabia’s Petro Rabigh said on Thursday it had temporarily halted operations after a sudden cut in power and steam supplies. Petro Rabigh, ... Energy
Saudi Arabia lifted oil output to 10 million bpd in July, says sourceSaudi Arabia produced around 10 million barrels per day (bpd) of oil in July, up from 9.6 million bpd in June, an industry source said on Saturday. ... Energy
Libya’s oil exports down to trickle as unrest picks upLibya’s oil exports have dropped to less than 10 percent of capacity as protests have halted operations at western ports and fields, frustrating ... Energy | <urn:uuid:47856c4d-40dd-409f-86af-4ec5bc76c747> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://english.alarabiya.net/business/energy/2013/11/08/Saudi-Arabia-throttles-back-from-record-high-oil-output | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.958907 | 325 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Louisiana's first detected cases of monkeypox have been found in a state resident and a visitor from out of state, the Louisiana Department of Health reported Thursday.
"There are likely more undiagnosed human cases of monkeypox existing in Louisiana than have been formally tested and identified to date," a news release said.
The Louisiana resident lives in the area made up of Orleans, Plaquemines, Jefferson and St. Bernard parishes, the news release said.
No additional information — including whether the state resident had any contact with the visitor, or where the visitor went in Louisiana — will be released to protect patient privacy, department spokesperson Michelle McCalope said in an email.
She said the health department is working closely with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the patients’ healthcare providers to identify and notify people in Louisiana who may have been in contact with the patients while they were infectious.
The virus had been found in as of Wednesday in at least 605 residents of 35 other states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, according to the CDC. Thousands of cases have been reported worldwide.
Most monkeypox patients experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, body aches, chills and fatigue. More serious illness may include a rash and lesions.
The disease is endemic in parts of Africa, where people have been infected through bites from rodents or small animals.
Among people, it can spread through direct contact with an infected person's rash, sores or body fluids, as well as by touching clothing or bedding that has touched them, according to the CDC.
The agency says it can also spread via "respiratory secretions during prolonged, face-to-face contact, or during intimate physical contact, such as kissing, cuddling, or sex."
People who do not have monkeypox symptoms cannot spread the virus to others, according to the CDC. | <urn:uuid:c15895c1-cfab-4e9e-8610-925c93237c5d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.foxnews.com/us/louisiana-detects-first-resident-monkeypox | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.970579 | 388 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Th! Following history of Assyria is designed to give some of the results attained from the translations of the Cuneiform in scriptions, which contain the records of the Assyrian empire. Prominence has been given to the incidents of the period when Assyria came in contact with Palestine, and the bearing of some of these is pointed out; but it is rather intended that the reader should compare for himself the history here given from the Assy rian with the parallel account of the Books of Kings. Beside the direct account of persons and events given in the Bible, there is a mass of evidence and illustration on manners and customs, lan guage and literature, tending to throw light on the earlier books of the Bible, which renders the study of Assyrian so important and desirable.
An examination of the dates in this history will show that many of them do not agree with the authorized system of chronology in the margins of the Bible. Here I must note that, although there is a striking agreement in the order and substance of the events mentioned in both histories, there sometimes appears to be cousi derable difference as to the dates. As this is an Assyrian history, I have taken the dates as they appear to stand in the Assyrian re cords; but it must be remembered that many of the Assyrian chro nological documents are mutilated and incomplete, and that the Assyrians are not always correct in the statements of their histories.
|Categoria||Lingua Straniera - Inglese| | <urn:uuid:36cabc38-cab8-4457-8bda-431f7453f17e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forgottenbooks.com/it/books/AssyriaFromtheEarliestTimestotheFallofNineveh_10753918 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.92992 | 389 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Sexual dysfunction in women includes painful intercourse, painful contraction (spasm) of the vaginal muscles, problems with sexual arousal, or orgasm.
Depression or anxiety, other psychological factors, disorders, and drugs can contribute to sexual dysfunction, as can the woman’s situation, including relationship difficulties.
To identify a problem, doctors often talk to both partners separately and together, and a pelvic examination is often necessary when the woman has pain or problems with orgasm.
Improving the relationship, communicating more clearly and openly, and arranging the best circumstances for sexual activities can often help, regardless of the cause of sexual dysfunction.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, or a combination of the two, can also help, as can psychotherapy.
About 30 to 50% of women have sexual problems at some time during their life. If the problems are severe enough to cause distress, they may be considered sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction can be described and diagnosed in terms of specific problems, such as lack of interest or desire, difficulty becoming aroused or reaching orgasm, pain during sexual activity, involuntary tightening of the muscles around the vagina, or persistent and unwanted physical (genital) arousal.
However, these distinctions are not always useful. Almost all women with sexual dysfunction have features of more than one such specific problem. For example, women who have difficulty becoming aroused may enjoy sex less, have difficulty reaching orgasm, or even find sex painful. These women and most women who have pain during sexual activity often understandably lose their interest in and desire for sex.
Normal Sexual Function
Sexual function and responses involve the mind (thoughts and emotions) and body (including the nervous, circulatory, and endocrine systems). The sexual response includes the following:
Motivation is the wish to engage in or continue sexual activity. There are many reasons for wanting sexual activity, including sexual desire. Desire may be triggered by thoughts, words, sights, smells, or touch. Desire may be obvious at the outset or may build once the woman is aroused.
Arousal has a subjective element—sexual excitement that is felt and thought about. It also has a physical element—an increase in blood flow to the genital area. In women, the increased blood flow causes the clitoris (which corresponds to the penis in men) and vaginal walls to swell (a process called engorgement). The increased blood flow also causes vaginal secretions (which provide lubrication) to increase. Blood flow also may increase without the woman being aware of it and without her feeling aroused.
Orgasm is the peak or climax of sexual excitement. Just before orgasm, muscle tension throughout the body increases. As orgasm begins, the muscles around the vagina contract rhythmically. Women may have several orgasms.
Resolution is a sense of well-being and widespread muscular relaxation. Resolution typically follows orgasm. However, resolution can occur slowly after highly arousing sexual activity without orgasm. Some women can respond to additional stimulation almost immediately after resolution.
Most people—men and women—engage in sexual activity for several reasons. For example, they may be attracted to a person or desire physical pleasure, affection, love, romance, or intimacy. However, women are more likely to have emotional motivations, such as:
- experience and enhance emotional intimacy;
- increase their sense of well-being;
- confirm their desirability;
- please or placate a partner.
Especially after a relationship has lasted a long time, women often have little or no desire for sex before sexual activity (initial desire), but desire can develop once sexual activity and stimulation begin. Desire before sexual activity typically lessens as women age but temporarily increases when women, regardless of their age, have a new partner. Some women may feel sexually satisfied whether they have an orgasm or not. Other women have much more sexual satisfaction with an orgasm.
Did You Know?
After women have been in a relationship for a long time, they often have little or no desire for sex until sexual activity and stimulation begin.
Many factors cause or contribute to various types of sexual dysfunction. Traditionally, causes are considered physical or psychological. However, this distinction is not strictly accurate.
Psychological factors can cause physical changes in the brain, nerves, hormones, and, eventually, the genital organs.
Physical changes can have psychological effects, which, in turn, have more physical effects. Some factors are related more to the situation than to the woman.
What affects sexual function in women?
Previous experiences can affect a woman’s psychological and sexual development, causing problems, as in the following:
- Harsh sexual or other experiences may lead to low self-esteem, shame, or guilt.
- Emotional, physical, or sexual abuse during childhood or adolescence can teach children to control and hide emotions—a useful defense mechanism. However, women who control and hide emotions may have difficulty expressing sexual feelings.
- If women lose a parent or another loved one during childhood, they may have difficulty becoming intimate with a sex partner because they are afraid of a similar loss—sometimes without being aware of it.
- Various sexual worries can impair sexual function. For example, women may be worried about unwanted consequences of sex or about their or their partner’s sexual performance.
Factors related to the situation may involve the following:
- The woman’s own situation: For example, women may have a low sexual self-image if they are having fertility problems or have had surgery to remove a breast, the uterus, or another body part associated with sex.
- The relationship: Women may not trust or have negative feelings about their sex partner. They may feel less attracted to their partner than earlier in their relationship.
- The surroundings: The setting may not be erotic, private, or safe enough for uninhibited sexual expression.
- The culture: Women may come from a culture that restricts sexual expression or activity. Cultures sometimes make women feel ashamed or guilty about sexuality. Women and their partners may come from cultures that view certain sexual practices differently.
- Distractions: Family, work, finances, or other things can preoccupy women and thus interfere with sexual arousal.
Various physical conditions and drugs may lead or contribute to sexual dysfunction. Hormonal changes, which may occur with aging or result from a disorder, can interfere. For example, the tissues of the vagina can become thin, dry, and inelastic after menopause because estrogen levels decrease. This condition, called atrophic vaginitis, can make intercourse painful. Removal of both ovaries can also have this effect.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, a type of antidepressant, commonly cause problems with sexual function.
Estrogen therapy, if taken by mouth, is sometimes used to control symptoms associated with menopause and may enhance sexual function in postmenopausal women by helping relieve atrophic vaginitis (see Menopause: Treatment). However, estrogen that is inserted into the vagina (vaginal estrogen) can be just as effective for treating atrophic vaginitis. Vaginal estrogen can be inserted as a cream (with a plastic applicator), as a tablet, or in a ring (similar to a diaphragm).
Did You Know?
Taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (a type of antidepressant) can interfere with sexual function, but so can depression.
Diagnosis often involves detailed questioning of both sex partners, alone and together. Doctors ask about symptoms, other disorders, drug use, the relationship between the partners, mood, self-esteem, childhood relationships, past sexual experiences, and personality traits.
If women are experiencing pain, doctors do a pelvic examination. Doctors try to do this examination as gently as possible. They move slowly and often explain the examination procedures in detail. If the woman wishes, they may give her a mirror to observe her genitals, which may help her feel more in control.
If she is fearful of anything entering her vagina, she can place her hand on the doctors to control the internal examination. To diagnose sexual problems, doctors usually do not need to use an instrument, such as a speculum, to do the internal examination.
However, if doctors suspect a sexually transmitted disease, they insert a speculum into the vagina to spread the walls of the vagina apart (as done during a Papanicolaou, or Pap, test) and take a sample of fluids from the vagina. They examine the sample for organisms that can cause sexually transmitted diseases and may send a sample to a laboratory, where the organisms are grown (cultured) to make identification easier.
Certain treatments depend on the cause of dysfunction. However, some general measures can help regardless of the cause:
Making time for sexual activity: Women, who are used to multitasking, maybe preoccupied with or distracted by other activities (involving work, household chores, children, and community). Making sexual activity a priority and recognizing how counterproductive distractions are may help.
Practicing mindfulness: Mindfulness involves learning to focus on what is happening at the moment, without making judgments about or monitoring what is happening. Being mindful helps free women from distractions and enables them to pay attention to sensations during sexual activity by staying in the moment. Resources for learning how to practice mindfulness are available on the Internet.
Improving communication, including sex, between the woman and her partner.
Choosing a good time and place for sexual activity: For example, late at night—when a woman is ready for sleep—is not a good time. Making sure the place is private can help if the woman is afraid of discovery or interruption. Enough time should be allowed, and a setting that encourages sexual feelings may help.
Engaging in many types of sexual activities: For example, stroking and kissing responsive parts of the body and touching each other’s genitals enough before initiating intercourse may enhance intimacy and lessen anxiety.
Setting aside time together that does not involve sexual activity: Couples who talk to each other regularly are more likely to want and enjoy the sexual activity together.
Encouraging trust, respect, and emotional intimacy between partners: These qualities should be cultivated with or without professional help. Women need these qualities to respond sexually. Couples may need help learning to resolve conflicts, which can interfere with their relationship.
Taking steps to prevent unwanted consequences: Such measures are particularly useful when fear of pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases inhibits desire.
Just becoming aware of what is required for a healthy sexual response may be enough to help women change their thinking and behavior. However, more than one treatment is often required because many women have more than one type of sexual dysfunction.
Psychological therapies help many women. For example, cognitive-behavioral therapy can help women recognize a negative self-view that results from illness or infertility. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) combines cognitive-behavioral therapy with the practice of mindfulness. As in cognitive-behavioral therapy, women are encouraged to identify negative thoughts. Women are then encouraged to simply observe these thoughts and to recognize that they are just thoughts and may not reflect reality.
This approach can make such thoughts less distracting and disruptive. More in-depth psychotherapy may be needed when issues from childhood are interfering with sexual function.
Because selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may contribute to several types of sexual dysfunction, substituting another antidepressant that impairs sexual response less may help.
Please read more of the treatment by learning more of an Orgasm Shot PRP-based procedure which is also used as a sexual dysfunction treatment method for women.
For more concerns please don’t hesitate to get in touch with our medical expert. | <urn:uuid:16a8e0a3-4a24-42f8-b204-add108ebff23> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prpinject.com/sexual-disorders-in-women/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.944194 | 2,404 | 2.625 | 3 |
Texas health officials on Tuesday delivered a final legal notice to nix the funding Planned Parenthood receives through the Medicaid program.
After more than a year of delays, Texas is officially kicking Planned Parenthood out of the state’s Medicaid program.
In a move that could affect thousands of low-income women, state health officials on Tuesday delivered a final legal notice to defund the organization from the Medicaid program through which it provides family planning and women’s health services to the poor. Planned Parenthood had previously received $3.1 million in Medicaid funding, but those dollars will be nixed in 30 days, according to the notice which was obtained by The Texas Tribune.
That cut-off day will only be delayed if the organization appeals the state’s decision in the next 15 days by requesting an administrative hearing with the Texas Health and Human Services Commission.
The battle over the funding Planned Parenthood received for those health services — which are separate from its abortion services that receive no public funds — began in October 2015 when Gov. Greg Abbott and state health officials first moved to cut off Medicaid dollars, about 90 percent of which comes from the federal government, to the organization’s Texas affiliates.
Feeding on outrage sparked by the release of controversial undercover videos of Planned Parenthood officials, Republicans cited the videos — and unspecified allegations of billing fraud — as proof of “acts of misconducts” by the organization and said they would cut off Medicaid funding. But the state’s threat initially appeared to be a feint.
In October 2015, Texas officials delivered a notice of intent to boot Planned Parenthood from the public insurance program and gave the organization 30 days to respond to its notice and request an “informal resolution meeting” with health commission attorneys. If the organization did not act, the state said, it would issue a “final notice of termination,” formally ending Planned Parenthood’s participation in Medicaid. That order would have gone into effect 15 days after the organization received it.
But more than a year went by without a final notice. Meanwhile, Planned Parenthood continued to provide well-woman services to roughly 12,000 low-income women.
Texas health officials did not immediately respond to a request for comment regarding the final notice and why it was delayed more than a year.
In October, a spokeswoman for the governor said Abbott was “disappointed and troubled by the lack of progress” in defunding the women’s health organization but that he still expected the issue to “move forward.”
Abbott and other Planned Parenthood opponents have repeatedly pointed to undercover videos filmed by an anti-abortion group that showed Planned Parenthood officials in Texas discussing the use of fetal tissue for research. They’ve claimed the videos serve as proof that the organization is “harvesting” fetal tissue.
But there has been no evidence so far that Planned Parenthood “harvests” fetal tissue in Texas or that it engaged in wrongdoing, as claimed by anti-abortion activists. And state officials investigating the organization over purported practices have repeatedly declined to provide details about their investigation.
The fight over Medicaid funding is likely to play out in federal court where Planned Parenthood preemptively filed a lawsuit a year ago seeking to block Texas’ efforts. At the time, it was thought that Planned Parenthood affiliates would be cut from the Medicaid program as early as Dec. 8, 2015.
But the lawsuit sat virtually idle for a year because Texas had not delivered its final legal notice to defund the organization.
Federal officials have already warned Texas that pushing Planned Parenthood out of the state’s Medicaid program could put Texas at odds with federal law. And federal courts in other states have ruled that Planned Parenthood cannot be legally kicked out of Medicaid.
- More than a year after lawmakers originally ordered it, Texas announced in November it would enact significant cuts to the money that it pays therapists who treat vulnerable children with disabilities in two weeks.
- In June, the U.S. Supreme Court handed Texas abortion providers a major victory by overturning Texas’ 2013 abortion restrictions.
Disclosure: Planned Parenthood has been a financial sponsor of The Texas Tribune. A complete list of Tribune donors and sponsors can be viewed here.
Author: ALEXA URA – The Texas Tribune | <urn:uuid:a0c6132e-d055-4e17-8546-015972d116f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://elpasoheraldpost.com/texas-officially-kicking-planned-parenthood-medicaid/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.964894 | 881 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Devotee readers who have missed earlier chapters can read from the links below.
23. I And You are One
I often say that you are my Master!
If it is so
Does it not mean?
I and you are separate entities.
Is it correct to think thus?
Immediately on entering my life
You occupied the inner chambers of my heart
Driving the ‘I’ almost out of me
But do you not remember
It is you alone who told me
To complete the discharge of my responsibilities
Before you allow my ‘I’ to leave the body
And clever as you are
You slowly showed me the beautiful garden
Of rendering organizational seva of your
And the flowers of various hues sporuting therein
Name, fame and position.
Exceedingly charming to look at
It I got involved in their beauty
Leaving you on the back buster
How can you blame me for it
For it was your own doing.
Let be gones be bye gones
Why shall I talk of the past?
You are now firmly enthroned in my heart
Make me lose my sepearat identity
So that eternity may sing songs
Of your pure Divinity
And call you
The Bestower of Grace of your bhaktas
Making them one with you
Shedding away the distinction
Of Master and servant.
24. When the World Sleeps
When the world sleeps
You O’ my Baba!
Keep wide awake.
Your watchful eyes
Keep a vigil on your bhaktas
To rid them of their miseries.
Day in and day out
At all times of the day and night
Unmindful of the calamities of Nature
During winter, summer and rains
You remain constantly absorbed in your task
Don’t you ever feel bored?
O’ my Baba.
And what you normally get from those
Whom you protect with all your abounding love?
Mouthful boasts of their own prowess
Of their capacity to achieve, their intelligence to plan and what not
Why don’t you share with them
Your patience, your coolness, your dedication
O’ my Baba!
You are great and wonderful.
Continued…Chapter 7 Part 13
More E-Books To Read
The Fragrance Of Devotion In Sai | <urn:uuid:396b0259-ff55-4c62-a4e4-b5d8ba200e35> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shirdisaibababooks.com/2021/10/chapter-7-part-12-scribblings-of-shirdi-sai-devotee/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.898971 | 508 | 1.578125 | 2 |
The world can be seen in a different, a most interesting light – through the perspective of the youth. It is therefore a great privilege for the Legal Education Centre, to introduce this month’s guest interviewee.
Introducing Mr Nape Masipa. A young man who chairs the Black Lawyers Association Student Chapter, and is reading for his LLB degree. Here are his thoughts.
BLA-LEC: Why did you choose to pursue Law?
As a 9 year old I received Nelson Mandela’s autobiography “Long walk to freedom” as a gift from a family member, upon discovering that the great man Mr Nelson Mandela was a Legal Practitioner, I was determined to also follow suit and become a lawyer, I never thought of any other field of study. The law empowers one’s thinking and ability to challenge societal problems, nothing signified this more than Mr Nelson Mandela’s excellent defence of black domestic workers during apartheid, he gave them dignity and hope in times of great distress. So I hope to also give people dignity and hope as a lawyer.
BLA-LEC: Is there any case/legal dispute, in your career as a student that has lingered with you post assessment?
It was during my vacation work at a local law firm in Polokwane, I has handed a file wherein had to do a liquidation and distribution of a deceased’s estate. During the process it became apparent that the deceased’s estate did not have much assets however the widow had exorbitantly spent large amounts of money for the funeral expenses, since the deceased’s estate has “to pay for its own funeral expenses”, I had the painstaking task of informing the widow that we might have to sell the house to balance it out. It was very sad because with a bit of education to our people about the technicalities of the law they will be in a better position to receive better legal services, I think this lingered on in me because whenever I am sitting with people in general I always end up telling them about the various fields of law and how they can avoid similar problems. At the end of the day we are trained to serve the people.
BLA-LEC: What do you think is the greatest challenge facing South African youth in 2015? And how can it be addressed?
I think the lack of opportunities all round, year in and year out there are large amounts of young people who have passed well that cannot get into institutions of Higher Learning, many young people graduate but still cannot get employment (which you ask yourself, how worse is the situation for people without academic qualifications), and our country does not embrace innovation because young people with brilliant new ideas will more often than not struggle to get funding and all round support to get those ideas off the ground, we must ask ourselves if our country can produce a Mark Zuckerburg. It is not that we are incapable of producing thinkers, Elon Musk is a prime example, he is South African born and he lived here until his late teens and he is now coming up revolutionary ideas to solve energy shortages across the globe, what does our country not have to entice young thinkers like this to remain in the country and develop from here?
BLA-LEC: The term ‘role-model’ embodies what to you?
It is such a broad concept, but I’ll refer you to my earlier answer as to what inspired me to study law, Mr Nelson Mandela. He is someone whose attributes, behaviour, success and way of thinking that I want to emulate, so the term “role model” means just that to me. You must carry yourself in a manner that inspires people to be like you. This is especially very difficult for young black males in this country because we grow up not seeing enough male role models, so the onus is on this generation to produce its own Mandelas, Tambos, Motsepes etc. for the next generation.
BLA-LEC: Are you somebody’s role-model?
Yes, the township that I come from not much people make to University, so I inspire young people that it is possible, they must believe in their dreams regardless of their backgrounds. At University I do have young people that I have taken under my wing, especially with the work I do for the Black Lawyers Association Student Chapter. I did not know how to react when someone once told me that I inspire them, obviously it felt good but along with it came the great responsibility of continuously inspiring this person and many others.
BLA-LEC: Describe the BLA in a sentence.
The voice of black lawyers in the Republic of South Africa
BLA-LEC: Describe the BLA-LEC in a sentence.
An institution dedicated to improving legal education in the Republic of South Africa
BLA-LEC: What are your thoughts on Legal Transformation in South Africa?
I honestly feel like little has been done, I mean you must just look at the briefing patterns issue in this country and how black legal practitioner are marginalised against. Look at the
fact that we still do not have big black law firms in this country, on a gender perspective there are still a few numbers of female legal practitioners that are in practice well into their 40s. At an education level the LLB curriculum is still not yet uniform across the Republic, previously Bantu Universities do not have professors at their institutions as compared to the previously white institutions, and this perpetuates the dire situation of the previously white institutions having a stronghold on the profession itself. When Black law graduates are hired at big law firms, they are sometimes used as fronts (i.e. window dressing purposes) and they eventually get frustrated because they would have not received the same exposure as their white counterparts. These are serious issues that the stakeholders of the profession are failing to address or to be more cynical, they are refusing to address.
BLA-LEC: To date, what are your greatest achievements?
I think to date my greatest achievement has to be being elected by law students from various Universities to serve as the National President of the Black Lawyers Association Student Chapter, it is a humbling experience to be tasked with this responsibility. The work that has been done by ourselves as the 2014/15 National Executive Committee also qualifies as an achievement, and our collective achievement means much more than any individual accolades because that means we are moving with unity as team. We have taken the organization to a new and exciting level and our aim is to leave behind a fertile ground for our successors.
BLA-LEC: The greatest book you’ve ever read is…?
“I write what I like” by Steve Bantu Biko | <urn:uuid:7f0f5ae6-091f-440b-88a7-60e00c1ffe13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.blalec.co.za/great-responsibility-of-continuously-inspiring/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.97375 | 1,464 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Along with Kalimba II, Bittersweet the Fruit is an early work in which the piano plays a prominent role. The video opens with an image of an upright piano, seen from behind, standing outdoors in a wooded area. The camera approaches and slowly circles around to reveal a black male pianist, nude, seated at the keyboard. Shot by the artist in the summer of 1998, its creation coincided with the brutal murder, by dragging, of James Byrd, Jr., in Jasper, Texas. Grieved by the event, which shocked the nation, Biggers regarded the video as a kind of memorial to Byrd: “Actually my hope was to reclaim nature and the African American male’s entitlement to be in nature without the fear of torture or death.”
As with the celestial references in Calenda (Big Ass Bang!), here Biggers again relates cosmology to the African American experience. UGRR:US2.2 is made from old quilts; Biggers was attracted to the ready-made patterns and colors of the textiles and thought they could serve as evocative backgrounds for his line drawings. Quilts also have cultural significance in African American history: during the era of the Underground Railroad, it is believed that displayed quilts were sometimes used to signal safe routes to escaping slaves headed north. Biggers’ drawing and appliqué dots on the quilts also echo elements of a previous art project in which he created a celestial map of stops on the Underground Railroad within Philadelphia.
Like the video of the same title, this sculpture refers to the Cheshire Cat, the feline character in Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland known for its ear-to-ear grin and its ability to disappear gradually, its famous smile remaining the last thing visible. With its broad grin, thick red lips, and flashing white teeth, Cheshire resembles a billboard or a shaped sign, and it has been shown dangling from a tree branch. The sculpture makes knowing reference to stereotypes of the appearance and behavior of African Americans, as portrayed, for example, in minstrel shows popular in the nineteenth century that featured white performers made up in blackface. As such, Cheshire functions as a kind of logo for taunting a racist stereotype, as well as an emblem of the process of reclaiming and transforming one’s identity.
The title of this piece humorously plays on the Big Bang theory of the origin of the universe. Footprints outlined on the floor and walls of a corner in the gallery suggest exuberant dance steps that would animate the space. A spinning disco ball placed near the floor heightens the sense of dynamic movement as well as suggesting a celestial explosion. Calenda, a form of martial arts practiced in the Caribbean, had its origins in Africa. It is believed by some to have evolved into a dance performed by enslaved Africans in the antebellum South; the various movements might have been used to send coded messages between dancers without their owners’ knowledge.
Sanford Biggers: Sweet Funk—An Introspective
September 23, 2011–January 8, 2012
In this focused selection of thirteen pieces, New York–based artist Sanford Biggers challenges and reinterprets symbols and legacies that inform contemporary America. The exhibition is Biggers’ first museum presentation in New York, and it will also mark the Brooklyn debut of Blossom (2007), a large-scale multimedia installation that incorporates references ranging from lynchings to Buddha’s enlightenment under the bodhi tree. Recently acquired by the Brooklyn Museum, Blossom also alludes to the ideologically tinged landscapes of artists such as Alfred Bierstadt and Frederic Church.
Among the other, thematically related pieces is Cheshire (2008), a sculpture that references both the disembodied smile of the eponymous cat and the caricatured grin associated with blackface minstrelsy. Kalimba II (2002), named after an African percussion instrument, incorporates a piano bisected by a wall; a bench invites visitors to sit down and play half of the keyboard, initiating a dialogue/duet with an unseen visitor on the other side of the wall. As with Blossom, Lotus (2007) combines references to Buddhism and to slavery: a lotus etched in glass contains in each petal diagrams of human bodies placed in the cargo hold of an eighteenth-century slave ship. Biggers has been creating installations and performances for more than a decade.
Sanford Biggers: Sweet Funk–An Introspective is organized by Eugenie Tsai, John and Barbara Vogelstein Curator of Contemporary Art, Brooklyn Museum.
Generous support for this exhibition has been provided by the Martha A. and Robert S. Rubin Exhibition Fund, Toby Devan Lewis, the FUNd, the Stephanie and Tim Ingrassia Contemporary Art Exhibition Fund, and other donors.
The accompanying catalogue is supported by the Lambent Foundation and by a Brooklyn Museum publications endowment established by the Iris and B. Gerald Cantor Foundation and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. | <urn:uuid:220f068b-9d2b-4233-8c6b-fbef4899c0f3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/exhibitions/sanford_biggers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.948844 | 1,023 | 2.5 | 2 |
The prosecutor of the International Criminal Court asked it on Monday for authorisation to open a full investigation into drug war killings in the Philippines, saying crimes against humanity may have been committed.
According to Philippines government data, from the time president Rodrigo Duterte took office in 2016 until the end of April this year, security forces killed 6,117 drug dealers in sting operations.
Rights groups say authorities have summarily executed drug suspects, but police say drug dealers fought back violently.
"I announce that the preliminary examination into the situation in the Republic of the Philippines has concluded and that I have requested judicial authorisation to proceed with an [formal criminal] investigation," ICC chief prosecutor Fatou Bensouda said in a statement.
Ms Bensouda had said last December that there were reasonable grounds to believe crimes against humanity had been committed during Mr Duterte’s bloody anti-narcotics crackdown, whose death toll has stirred international outrage.
In an address recorded this week before the news of Ms Bensouda’s request broke, Mr Duterte called on human rights organisations to take a closer look into his war on drugs.
“You would notice that there are really persons who die almost daily because they fought back,” he said, warning drug dealers: “Do not destroy the country. I will kill you.”
The Philippines justice ministry declined to comment on the announcement from the ICC in The Hague.
Ms Bensouda, in concluding her preliminary inquiry in December last year, said there was a “reasonable basis to believe that the crimes against humanity of murder, torture (...) and other inhumane acts were committed” between 2016 and 2019.
Many people killed in Mr Duterte’s crackdown had been on a drug watch list compiled by authorities or had previously surrendered to police, while a significant number of minors were victims, Ms Bensouda’s office said in a report six months ago.
Human rights groups accuse Mr Duterte of inciting deadly violence and say police have murdered unarmed suspects and staged crime scenes on a massive scale. Police deny this and Mr Duterte insists he told police to kill only in self-defence.
Under the ICC statute, the prosecutor must ask judges for permission to open an official investigation into alleged crimes. The tribunal’s judges have up to four months to issue a decision on such a request.
In March 2018, Mr Duterte cancelled the Philippines’ membership of the ICC’s founding treaty just weeks after Ms Bensouda announced the preliminary examination was under way. He said the ICC was prejudiced against him.
Under the ICC’s withdrawal mechanism the court keeps jurisdiction over crimes committed during the membership period of a state, in this case between 2016 and 2019 when the Philippines’ pullout became official. – Reuters | <urn:uuid:ee6cfa68-965b-4298-87f1-db491e98205c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/asia-pacific/icc-prosecutor-seeks-full-inquiry-into-philippines-drug-war-killings-1.4593256 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.97536 | 578 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Diverse Supplier Business Classification
A diverse business is any business that is at least 51 percent owned by a woman (WBE), minority (MBE) or a business that is independently owned and operated, and able to qualify under criteria defined in the U.S. Small Business Administration's (SBA) Table of Small Business Size Standards concerning number of employees, average annual receipts or other criteria as outlined by the SBA.
Please see below for detailed descriptions.
Small Business Concern
A small business concern is defined as pursuant to Section 3 of the Small Business Act. Generally, this means a small business concern organized for profit, which is independently owned and operated, is not dominant in the field of operations on a national basis, and meets the size standards as prescribed in government regulations.
Small Disadvantaged Business
A small disadvantaged business is a small business concern which is (a) at least 51 percent owned and control by one or more socially and economically disadvantaged persons, and (b) must be small according to SBA’s size standards.
Woman Business Enterprise
A woman business enterprise (WBE) is a U.S.-based business concern which is (a) at least 51 percent owned by women, and (b) whose management and daily business operations are controlled by one or more of the women who own it.
Historically Underutilized Business Zone Small Business Concern
This program is based on the geographical area where your business is located and where 35 percent of your employees reside. The company must be small, located in a Historically Underutilized Business Zone (HUBZone), owned and controlled by one or more U.S. citizen(s) and at least 35 percent of its employees must reside in a HUBZone.
Veteran-Owned Small Business
A veteran-owned small business (VOSB) is a business which is (a) at least 51 percent owned and controlled by one or more veterans, and (b) must be small according to SBA’s size standards. The term "veteran" has the meaning defined in 38 U.S.C. 101 as a person who served in the active military, naval, or air service, and who was discharged or released therefrom under conditions other than dishonorable.
Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business
A disabled veteran-owned small business (SDVOSB) is a business which is (a) at least 51 percent owned and controlled by one or more Service Disabled Veterans (SDV), (b) the SDV must have a service-connected disability that has been determined by the Department of Veterans Affairs or Department of Defense, (c) the SDV must hold the highest officer position in the SDVOSB and (d) must be small according to SBA’s size standards.
Economically Disadvantaged Woman-Owned Small Business
A woman-owned small business is a small business concern which is (a) at least 51 percent owned and controlled by one or more women, (b) the women must be US citizens, and (c) must be small according to SBA’s size standards. In order for a WOSB to be deemed “economically disadvantaged,” its owners must demonstrate economic disadvantage in accordance with the requirements set forth in the final rule.
Minority Business Enterprise
A minority business enterprise (MBE) is a U.S.-based business concern which is (a) at least 51 percent owned by minorities, (b) who are US citizens, and (c) whose management and daily business operations are controlled by one or more of the minority individuals who own it. Minority persons include African-Americans, Hispanics, Asian-Pacific Americans, Asian-Indian Americans and Native Americans. | <urn:uuid:e408aea5-e6da-41a2-8cfd-2d1e900bd95f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thompsonpowersystems.com/quicklinks/diverse-supplier-business-classification | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.952682 | 915 | 2.28125 | 2 |
How Did the IRS Get Investigatory Authority, Anyway?News at Home
tags: scandals, IRS, Kefauver Committee, organized crime, Douglas M. Charles
Douglas M. Charles is Assistant Professor of History at Penn State University, Greater Allegheny. He is author of "The FBI’s Obscene File: J. Edgar Hoover and the Bureau’s Crusade Against Smut" and "J. Edgar Hoover and the Anti-interventionists: FBI Political Surveillance and the Rise of the Domestic Security State, 1939-45."
Mobster Frank Costello testifying in front of the Kefauver Committee. Credit: Wiki Commons.
The IRS "scandal" involving the “targeting” of conservative Tea Party groups is metastasizing. Congressional Republicans are seeking to open a broader investigation into the agency, with which, according to the New York Times, they "hope to ensare the White House."
But an understanding of the true history of IRS scandals -- as documented in the mid-1970s Church Committee reports -- might better inform our understanding of this contemporary story.
An early foreshadowing of problems to come came in 1942. Morris Ernst -- a lawyer, co-founder of the American Civil Liberties Union, and political ally of FDR -- suggested that the attorney general conduct “aggressive action” in the form of tax return audits to go after anti-interventionist groups. To his consternation, no one in the Roosevelt administration was interested in the idea. Even J. Edgar Hoover’s FBI, an organization heavily involved in monitoring and attempting to discredit President Roosevelt’s foreign policy critics, avoided it because using tax records was too public and, hence, too risky
By 1951, the IRS’s responsibilities began to morph and it started to tackle new issues such as organized crime. Early that year, the Kefauver Committee, which was established to look into issues involving organized crime, criticized the IRS for failing to enforce tax laws in this area. As a result, the IRS moved headlong into investigating racketeering, making use of a federal wagering tax law in an attempt to cut into the revenues of the Mafia itself.
When Dwight Eisenhower became president, IRS funding was reduced and the agency had to cut back on its organized crime investigations. But after 1957 and the infamous bust of leading Mafiosi during a summit meeting in Apalachin, New York, the IRS resumed its work in racketeering cases. The IRS’s intelligence function was centralized with the new Kennedy administration’s focus on organized crime. IRS agents would henceforth make use of paid informants, undercover agents, and electronic surveillance (i.e. wiretaps), all of which led to abuses. Most of the scandals under Kennedy were initiated improperly by the IRS’s coordinator for organized crime.
It was also under the Kennedy administration that IRS officials resumed, albeit indirectly, catering to the political interests of their superiors. In November 1961, President Kennedy criticized the extremist John Birch Society and the virulently anti-communist Minutemen, but noted that as long as they followed the tax laws of the United States the federal government could not interfere with them. He added as an aside, however, his confidence that the IRS investigated tax law violations. This public statement led IRS officials to create in 1961 a so-called "test audit program" of political action organizations. Looking at both right and left-wing groups, the IRS sought to determine if the groups’ activities warranted their holding tax-exempt status. By 1963, IRS officials planned to expand the program to include 10,000 tax-exempt organizations “of all types” with the backing of the president. But the effort never really got off the ground and ultimately died when the White House lost interest in the issue. When investigating this, the Church Committee found no serious abuses except insofar as the IRS was bending to political pressures.
By 1969 the IRS bureaucracy expanded to include something called the Special Service Staff after Congressional committees and the White House expressed discontent that large political groups were not obeying tax laws. President Nixon’s aide Tom Charles Huston -- the man whose failed plan to coordinate intelligence operations in the White House led to the formation of the White House plumbers and hence Watergate -- suggested that Nixon use the IRS to target left-wing groups to see if they were complying with tax laws. This Special Service Staff, under pressure from the White House, created a special office to look at “activists” and “ideologies.” The Staff had lists of activists that they received from the FBI and Justice Department and they targeted political groups for audits based on political activities. In doing this, they bypassed normal IRS procedures. Some 8,000 individuals and 3,000 groups were targeted secretly by the IRS not for tax law violations but for engaging in First Amendment-protected political activity. Targets included the Ford Foundation, the Head Start Program, and the Urban League. The Special Service Staff was abolished only in mid-1973, when it was discovered by incoming IRS commissioner Donald Alexander.
By 1969 the IRS Intelligence Division, after years of targeting organized crime, began targeting political corruption and gathered information beyond violations solely of tax law. Under Operation Leprechaun (named for the green ink in IRS informant files), the Justice Department and IRS agents investigated political corruption in Florida and collected information on the sexual and drinking habits of targets, used illegal electronic surveillance, and broke into the office of a congressional candidate to remove tax-related records. This all occurred, the Church Committee concluded, as a result of a lack of oversight within the IRS and the lack of a system of controls in their use of informants.
Beyond these serious IRS scandals, tax return information was also freely shared with both the FBI and CIA, who wanted the information to discredit targets. FBI officials requested about two hundred separate tax returns for use in their illegal COINTELPRO operations. Under the FBI’s Key Activist Program, FBI agents acquired the tax returns of dozens of New Left activists, and the IRS asked for no explanation as to the FBI’s interests or plans. FBI officials wanted to have those activists who failed to pay taxes face “considerable consternation, [and] possibly jail sentences,” including a college professor in the Midwest whom FBI officials feared would lead protests.
FBI officials also targeted Martin Luther King, Jr., and his Southern Christian Leadership Conference via the COINTELPRO. They hoped to use the IRS’s list of SCLC donors to send them phony SCLC letters warning that the organization was being investigated for tax fraud. This, they hoped, would dry up the funding of King’s group and thereby neutralize it. Students for a Democratic Society was similarly targeted, but because it had not been granted tax-exemption status the IRS donor lists could also be released to the Nixon White House.
Even the CIA (illegally) received IRS tax information though non-official channels that it would use to its advantage. CIA officials were interested in the tax returns of Victor Marchetti, a former CIA agent turned critic of the agency. They were also interested in the returns of Ramparts magazine, which was writing exposes of CIA activity. Wanting this information had only one purpose: discrediting critics.
In today’s IRS brouhaha, the issue is the so-called “targeting” of conservative Tea Party groups who sought and were granted tax-exempt status. Groups that win tax exemption are not permitted to engage in politics, but they can be “social welfare” issue groups who can keep their donor lists confidential. The IRS, indeed, has a fiduciary responsibility to investigate those applying for tax-exempt status to determine if they meet the legal requirements.
But in today’s IRS "scandal," the IRS was not investigating groups that already had tax-exempt status, nor was the agency sharing their information in order to discredit their political agenda, nor were the Tea Party groups facing potential jail time. The IRS was merely giving extra scrutiny to the virtual explosion of potential-501(c)4 groups that were created after Citizens United.
Representative Elijah Cummings of the House Oversight Committee called the IRS’s actions “one of the most alarming things I have ever seen.” Compared to the very serious IRS scandals of the past, it’s difficult to see the current one in this light.
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Human Rights Watch commends the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention (WGAD) for its incisive critique of conditions in Malaysia and urges Malaysia to promptly implement the recommendations of the WGAD.
Malaysia cannot present itself as a responsible member of the international community while continuing to refuse to ratify core UN treaties, including, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the Convention Against Torture, as the WGAD has recommended.
It cannot continue to argue that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which is widely acknowledged to be customary international law, is not legally binding unless it is consistent with Malaysia’s own constitution.
Rather it should respond positively to the WGAD’s recommendation that it take steps to “abrogate all norms that impede the independence of judges and magistrates, the impartiality of prosecutors, and the free exercise of the legal profession.” It should, the Working Group said, repeal, not amend, preventative detention laws, such as the Internal Security Act, which permit detention without fair trial and which limit access to legal counsel and family members.
In addition, it recommended that the government provide for a legal aid system for immigration detainees and that it upgrade the appalling conditions in immigration detention centres. It also expressed concern, as have nongovernmental organisations, about deaths during police arrest and to suspects in police custody. Human Rights Watch, taking that observation a step further, recommends institutionalisation of a fully independent body to investigate and adjudicate police abuse. | <urn:uuid:129e5b2c-ff1e-4155-b69d-35cac83c5e7d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://m.aliran.com/civil-society-voices/2011-civil-society-voices/malaysia-take-up-recommendations-of-un-working-group | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.931649 | 322 | 1.765625 | 2 |
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) includes provisions that will affect businesses and individuals. This is the biggest income tax change since 1986 and there are still a lot of unknowns on how it will apply in different situations and many clarifications are still needed.
You may be asking yourself, how will the provisions of this sweeping tax law affect my business or me personally? As usual when asking questions about taxes the answer of “it depends” definitely applies here. With that in mind, we’ve compiled a recap of some of the more important individual and business elements on the new law, as well as some general observations we have made.
Individual Changes (Effective for tax years beginning in 2018 through 2025 unless otherwise noted):
- Many of the individual rates were reduced 2-4% compared to the rates in 2017 and the tax brackets were also expanded.
- The rates applicable to net capital gains and qualified dividends have not changed.
- The standard deduction amounts were increased to $24,000 for joint filers and $12,000 for single filers.
- Itemized deductions are more limited and coupled with the increase in the standard deduction, many taxpayers will no longer be itemizing. Changes to itemized deductions include the following:
- Itemized deduction for state and local income taxes and property taxes is limited to $10,000,
- Repeal of deductibility of home equity interest, and
- Repeal of 2% miscellaneous itemized deductions.
- Our take: Bunching itemized deductions into one tax year may be beneficial and those over 70 ½ may want to directly donate from their IRA to charity.
- Removal of personal exemptions (was about $4,000 per person).
- The child tax credit has been increased for qualifying children (i.e., children under 17) to $2,000. In addition, a new $500 credit for a taxpayer’s dependents who are not qualifying children. The adjusted gross income level at which the credits begin to be phased out has been increased to $200,000 ($400,000 for joint filers).
- Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) has been retained, but less taxpayers should be subject to it since exemption amounts and phase-out amounts have been increased.
- Taxpayers are allowed a deduction equal to 20% of “qualified business income” from partnerships, S-corporations and sole proprietorships. If your individual taxable income is typically $315,000 or more ($157,500 for single filers), then this deduction will be phased out for specified service trades such as health, law, consulting, athletics, financial or brokerage services.
- Our take: There may be planning opportunities to maximize this 20% deduction in 2018.
- Some major items repealed were:
- Roth conversion recharacterizations
- Health insurance mandate penalty (not until 2019 though)
- For post-2018 divorce decrees and separation agreements, alimony will not be deductible by the paying spouse and will not be taxable to the receiving spouse.
Business Changes (Effective for tax years beginning in 2018):
- C corporation tax rate reduced to a flat 21% rate.
- Our take: due to the C corporation tax rate reduction, along with the 20% “qualified business income” deduction noted above, now may be the time to review how your entity is structured.
- Accelerated depreciation options increased significantly with Section 179 increasing to $1 million and bonus depreciation to 100% through 2022.
- Some major items repealed were:
- Domestic Production Activities Deduction
- C Corporation AMT
- Like-kind exchanges on personal property
- 50% deduction for business-related entertainment expenses
- For those C corporations that converted to S corporations within the last five years, trading fixed assets may not be used to avoid the built-in gains tax.
Overall, there are portions of this law that should make tax filing easier for individuals but at the expense of losing deductions previously available to reduce taxable income. For businesses, there are still many items needing further clarification but in some cases tax law got even more complicated and there may not be as much in tax savings as some are counting on.
Still wondering how this will impact you? Start here. If you wish to discuss any of these provisions or have other questions, please contact your BerganKDV advisor. | <urn:uuid:1c09aa88-1461-459c-a558-31e9b46ef186> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bergankdv.com/resources/blog/our-take-on-tax-reform-and-year-end-planning/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.951063 | 901 | 1.8125 | 2 |
More and more people are moving to Singapore with good reason. This island nation is special, welcoming, and friendly and there is so much to do and see. The weather is great, the food is fantastic, the culture is rich, and Singapore has a little bit of everything!
Singapore is safe, even late at night, and English is spoken by almost everyone. It is considered one of the easiest places in Asia for ex-pats to fit in and there are large communities of Americans and other westerners in most areas.
The cost of living in Singapore is similar to many cities in the United States and this city-state has everything you would expect from a modern city anywhere else in the world. It’s easy to get permanent residency and Singapore welcomes people from other parts of the world with open arms.
Read on to learn more about Singapore and the many reasons you should consider relocating there. Try it for a short time and you may soon find that you want to remain there for the rest of your life.
Table of Contents
Fun Facts about Singapore
You have heard of Singapore, but you may not know much about it. You likely know that it is located off the coast of Malaysia and that it is on an island. However, you may not know that Singapore is not just one large island, but that it is made up of sixty-three distinct islands – most of them very small.
Although the country is small, the population is large. The current population of Singapore is about 5.8 million, which makes it the second-most densely populated nation after Monaco.
Although 5.8 million is a lot of people for a small island, Singapore is also very conscious of the need for nature and greenery. Because of this, nearly half of Singapore – around 700 square kilometers – is covered by green space such as parks and gardens. The island has 2,100 native plant species and the government is very interested in keeping them safe, healthy and vital.
As nations go, Singapore is new. It has only existed in its current form since 1965. Since then, it has gained land area but not through traditional methods like expansion or invasion. Instead, the Singaporean government has worked hard at reclaiming land from the ocean around the nation’s shores. Today, Singapore is larger than it was when it gained independence from the British.
Singapore may be small, but there is so much to learn about it. It is an amazing place where anyone can soon feel right at home. Here are 5 reasons you don’t want to miss a chance to check it out.
Singapore is only one and a half degrees north of the equator, so if you like warm, tropical weather, you will feel right at home.
Temperatures are warm day and night throughout the year and there are not many fluctuations as the seasons change. You will not need to own a coat if you move to Singapore and spending time on the beach will become a big part of your routine.
2. Language & Culture
If you love diversity, you will see it everywhere in Singapore. The native population is made up of people with ancestry from China, southern India, or Malaysia. As a result, Singapore has four official languages – Chinese, Tamil, Malay, and English.
If English is your only language, you will have little difficulty communicating with people throughout Singapore.
In recent times, Singapore has begun to develop its own, unofficial language that people call Singlish because it’s a combination of English and other Singaporean lingo or slang, but residents will be happy to revert to standard English when they see you looking confused.
Singapore is a city-state that has a wide variety of fantastic food options. Because of the nation’s diversity, you can find food here from many countries around the world, but the local food is fantastic, too.
You’ll soon fall in love with dishes like chili crab – Singapore’s national dish – plus others, like Hainanese chicken, otak-otak, bak kut teh, and more.
It doesn’t get much safer than Singapore. It appears on many lists as one of the safest countries in the world. No matter what time of day it is, or what neighborhood you find yourself in, you have almost nothing to fear.
This is the result of very strict laws and rather extreme punishments for breaking them, but the result is a country that is almost crime-free.
5. Quality of Life
Singapore has a little bit of everything, which helps ensure excellent quality of life for its residents. In just over fifty years, this nation managed to increase the GDP to $100,000 per year, making the country the fifth-highest GDP in the world today.
There are plenty of museums and educational institutions in Singapore that offer incredible services and experiences to the people who use them. The parks, gardens, and beaches give residents the opportunity to enjoy the great outdoors. The restaurants, nightclubs, and performing arts centers encourage an active nightlife.
In addition to that, the shopping in Singapore is world-class. Whether you are looking to shop for high fashion by top designers, for toys and games for your little ones, or for household needs at a hardware store, you will have no difficulty finding exactly what you need.
Singapore has something for everyone and it’s no wonder that so many people have chosen to move there and call this island nation their new home.
Try Living in Singapore
Singapore is an incredible place to visit and an even better place to live. These are just a few of the reasons you will fall in love with Singapore almost immediately upon arrival.
If you are looking to relocate to another country, give living in Singapore some heavy consideration.
Check out our website for more helpful articles! | <urn:uuid:7395ebfb-f1b9-4e6b-ac1a-f6d3cfde6ea5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.areasofmyexpertise.com/5-reasons-why-living-in-singapore-as-an-expat-is-worth-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.967416 | 1,216 | 1.6875 | 2 |
We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person’s profile. We encourage you to research and examine these records to determine their accuracy.
Maynard C Qeffler was born in Ohio on abt 1908 to Charles OEFFLER and Lema R Oeffler.
Maynard C Qeffler family tree
1875 - Unknown
Lema R Oeffler
1881 - Unknown
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Potential photos and documents for Maynard C Qeffler
No images were found for this exact name. Try using our image search and remember to check the name spelling. Search Now | <urn:uuid:30e35060-30b4-46fb-a285-754d667e52fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ancestry.co.uk/genealogy/records/maynard-c-qeffler-24-1q77knp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.913594 | 170 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Air conditioning repair is constantly a bone of contention for numerous house owners, particularly provided how expensive the repair bill can be. By the time you factor in the costs of labour, parts, products and tax obligation, the repair bill can be an extremely hefty amount certainly and so you might discover that despite the fact that your air conditioning system is working completely, you are still fearing.
There is no such thing as a best system, allow alone a system that is completely impervious to damaging down and breakdown. Without a doubt, most systems are much like any type of various other guy made mechanical gadget: the numerous components will failure and also stop functioning with the passage of time.
One element of the repair that has verified to be specifically controversial and contentious is the issue of the so called “preventative maintenance” procedures. Below, repair employees will perform their repair services on the system on a much more routine basis and the reason for this is to pre-empt any kind of deterioration or using down of the various parts present within the device.
Some have said that this is little greater than a thinly camouflaged pretense for the repair employees related to giving air conditioning repair solutions to impose even more money from their client base. Others say that this is a vital and practical strategy to ensuring that the air conditioning unit does not damage down and also stop working at an inopportune time, consequently placing people at risk.
It deserves noting that most repairs is not only actually accomplishing the replacement of damaged components, it also acts as an essential examination of the internal workings of the system to establish that it is undoubtedly working successfully. This is considerable due to the truth that the gases that are utilized within air conditioning systems are extremely poisonous as well as contaminating to both natural life (human beings, animals and plants) as well as the environment.
If you are worried concerning the cost of repairs then remember this: prevention really is much better than a cure therefore holding off essential repair services is a harmful tactic to trust due to the fact that it suggests that the critical elements of the air conditioning system, such as the compressor and condescending device will be damaged irreparable. Check out some affordable Air Conditioning Repair Contractors here.
It is additionally worth keeping in mind that as the system is subjected to additional trauma as well as stress even though it requires repairs, the actual performance with which it works at will certainly be greatly lowered and damaged. This in turn will certainly imply that the air conditioning will eat a higher quantity of power which consequently, means greater costs sustained for the owner of it.
In addition, some jurisdictions are enforcing criminal assents such as charges on home and also local business owner who do not take the correct care and preventative measures with regards to their air conditioning device therefore keeping that in mind then, there is no excuse for a hold-up. | <urn:uuid:84faa75c-065b-4020-a40e-e8e0c5a9e424> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.soupcon-cb.com/air-conditioning-repairs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.970823 | 578 | 1.898438 | 2 |
By Francis John USA
This is a very sensitive matter that requires urgent, continuous, proactive intervention, call to order of all participants regardless of context, content, and consent. If geopolitical-ethnic-leaders, clerics, politicians, military and traditional rulers have not started vehemently condemning actions and reactions from early warning signs, pungent smell and smokes are inevitable and enviable, and being propagated in uncensored social media disparities. Supposedly, all parties and stakeholders have failed. It’s time to give Diasporas a chance to Caterpillar Nigeria forward in such an indecisive volatile insinuation spreading fast and widely. Too many fingers pointed out, internally, externally and internationally, regardless, who is responsible! Notwithstanding, social media has its ups and downs, playing significant roles in uncensored information dissemination globally but because of the quest for information, garbage in and garbage out is acceptable, either has cracked down on numerous countries, namely Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Libya, Venezuela to mention a few. Many countries are wisely using Facebook, Tweeter, and Instagram for capacity building and economic development, while the third world, developing countries is using it despicably. Recently Mark Zuckerberg reviewed his mission to include connecting communities as to connect friends. Irrespective of Nigerians perception of the Facebook Statement, Nigerians are burning their hands; likewise killing themselves, incurring abject abhorrence. Nigeria remains indifferent from either of these countries and must change its attitude from “divide and rule” embedded in every nook and crannies of the country before independence to date. Hence, what makes our case worst and uninteresting to the international communities, its like, we are fellow-follow zombies, unable to challenge leadership but gossip around its leaderships and praise worship looting/looters. Similarly, taking place in African countries such as Republic Congo, Sierra Leon, South Africa – heavy mineral embedded nations, very divided across resources lines, resulting in continuous casualties. Unmanageable traces of this equivalence are beginning to manifest into provocative idiosyncrasies. From these illustrations, can these be translated to every Nigerian is just sick of the multitude of manipulations and fake promises from our wealth and fortunes. Mesmerized by a few selves baked, selfish, disgruntled individuals’ trickery using ethnicity, resources, faith, and education to set Nigeria ablaze, instead of twining strongly.
Unbelievable and uncivilized but true, identified autocrats hide funds in odd places; pit toilets, cemeteries, isolated and dilapidated buildings, airport premises, farmhouses, sock away, arctic, galvanized tanks, dungeons, basements, etc. The renowned educated but stacked illiterates, privileged Nigerians that visited, lived, worked and studied in abroad, yet to compromise logics with realities of life, to genuinely serve and generously giving back. It’s coming very fast, pay attention, with all these foregoing, funding agencies are smartly cutting down services with the prevalence of turning their backs at Nigeria soon because of self-aggrandizements without compunction.
It’s insane to acclaim the love for fraudulent wealth is magnificent and seen as an acceptable lifestyle, showing off, competing, marrying, divorcing, spending excessively on girls, buying them lofty home, overseas accompanies, while siblings and children studies abroad. Hence, grudgingly pay in arrears: housemaids, security guards, workers, etc. Is this life worth living around these hullabaloos? Monkey dey work baboon dey chop, according to Fela Anikulapo Kuti. Nigerians are “suffering and smiling’, ‘act like a zombie’, ‘follow – follow’, ‘water no get enemy’ and vagabond in power’ – VIP. His contemporary, Sonny Okosun, Fire in Soweto burning all my people, invariable rephrased to Fire Burning Nigeria. Currently, Monkey sees – Monkey do is what their families are practicing. Thereby paving ways to implant families in strategic positions come 2019 polls. Cumulatively, peace has never been the path of downtrodden gangsters-cabals, even after when Nigerians imbibe civilized culture, again unpatriotic, to develop giving back to communities and society; clearly confirming unattained human spirit. Imagine the world full of these kinds of rulers. Collectively Nigeria must be proactive to end this saga and take back its country in the next poll. The call for the peaceful exit of Southeast from Nigeria was a result of insistence provocative threats masterminded, by Indigenous People of Biafra IPOB under Nnamdi Kanu’s leadership, became unstoppable and supported by umpire regionalists. It appears, received blessings of eminent regional folks. Altogether, took the silence of the north for granted, even then northern heavy wigs remained nonchalant for a minute for peaceful co-existence to reign. Porous holes from IPOB’s insinuations illuminated the Arewa Youths anger because they had enough repetitions; “Kill everyone in the Zoo” (North), calling other ethnic groups all sorts of names and threatening them with ferocious extermination. Particularly the Yorubas and Hausa /Fulani from the South West and the North respectively, to open declaration of the amassing of arms and forceful total shutdown of the entire Southeast. The disturbed five (5) Arewa youth leaders representing similar organizations: Amb. Shettima Yerima, Joshua Viashman, Aminu Adam, Abdul-Azeez Suleiman and Nastura Ashir Sharif converged in Kaduna to enumerate and broadcasted their stand tactical, while tempering justice with mercy. Their actions and reactions became the game changer. Immediately, dialogues kicked in, to negotiate the October deadline of Igbo’s peaceful exit among other historical and lingering issues not limited to betrayals and killings of eminent northerners. The knowledgeable representatives, powered by perseverance will not stop following all due processes legitimately, contacted the presidency, local and international stakeholders. Significantly, asking for Igbo’s peaceful exit. No fights, No wars! Hence, either parties’ early warning sign was overlooked, now yielding to a problematic volcanic eruption, ignored, neglected, unattended from time immoral to date. As much as well-meaning Nigerians have been abroad, so are the yearning youths versatile and exposed management and functional overseas, gaining experience from hospitalities, equitable treatments, and enjoying residency and citizenships, including fair treatments as immigrants, aliens, minorities, with access benefits in a timely manner. They wish Nigeria same. The time is now! Over the years, we as a nation, have been misrepresented, manipulated and abused by crookest-politicians and military dictators, clerics and traditional rulers, including international communities. Nigeria, this is a wakeup call as youths have tasted puddings globally and expect nothing less at home. To no avail, Boko Haram masterminded. Relief materials mismanaged. Oil bunkering and vandalization are increasing. Either incidence is barbaric, adding negative tendencies to the country. Now is the time to the reaffirm, retrace the Nigerians amalgamation, and otherwise posterity will never forgive us! All youths must down tools, sort out differences,face the music and keep the country out of smokes and flames, either is too hot to handle, most especially for the sake of elders, widow and the most vulnerable. Some Diaspora Nigerians in different spheres of the world gathered, critically reviewed antecedents with empathy and compassion, and agreed to offer free mentoring and healing programs to warring groups and as needed, as such, give Diasporas a chance! If Nigeria must separate, better did peacefully, vote/referendum to get full acceptance, purposefully to shame war aggressive agitators and graciously show the world, what we pitifully learned from the world’s agonies in separations. Adverse outcomes are never going to be part of a civilized generation as ours. This is not the time to apportion who is right or wrong. We must collectively solicit continuous peace and tranquility with dignity and respect for each other. Stakeholders, Non-Governmental Organizations NGOs, Technocrats, and intellects must urgently meet to address this menace immediately; bring warring parties to United States. All interested in keeping Nigeria United, let us now come to a consensus with this writer; suggest a date, venue, and participation. There’s no compromise to salvaging Nigeria while guiding against “Things Fall Apart” – Chinua Achebe, as we respect his eminence postulates, an Eloquent Unifier Elder statesman and Dan-Masaninin Kano, Alhaji Yusuf Maitama-Sule “I have a dream that someday Nigeria is going to be a better place”. In the midst of surpluses, we are required to have enough for everyone and for the rest of the world, equivalence to qualitative management and egalitarian distribution of resources in a timely manner with options. Google and digest “What is Life About – Inspirational Speech by Fearless Soul” Terry Kellman, May 12, 2016. This could retrace, retract and twine Nigeria strongly. | <urn:uuid:02f6507d-e7cd-44c0-877e-37c5b0371bb7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.christianvoicenewsonline.com/2017/08/14/diaspora-nigerians-waiting-as-ethnicity-and-resources-sets-nigeria-ablaze/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.939726 | 1,920 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Experience the wonder of today’s Israel on a family-friendly trip with Congregation Tifereth Israel, June 25 – July 6, 2019 . Learn about the real Israel as you connect with the people. For more information, click here.
Ramah Israel Seminar is a six-week travel program in Israel, designed for entering 12th graders who are former campers of the ten Ramah overnight camps in North America. For over 50 years, Ramah Seminar has proven itself to be an outstanding way for teens to experience Israel.
United Synagogue Youth (USY) provides life-changing summer travel experiences for Conservative Jewish teens. Programs include: Eastern Europe/Israel Pilgrimage, Israel Pilgrimage/Poland Seminar, USY Israel Adventure, L’Takayn Olam, and Innovation Israel
Birthright Israel offers a free, life-changing trip to Israel to young Jewish adults between the ages of 18 and 26, giving every Jewish young adult around the world, especially the unaffiliated, the opportunity to visit Israel. | <urn:uuid:8daa655d-cb85-43c5-8914-92789ec618fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mercazusa.org/israel-resources/trips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.913267 | 218 | 1.625 | 2 |
Glacier milk: the tradition
Glacier milk is the runoff water from glaciers which is clouded by rock. Bathed in sunlight, it gets sparkles with its unmistakable blue-green rich turquoise color.
On the shores of these crystalline rivers, laundry was washed for over 200 years in these waters, because of the softness and cleaning properties of its water. Unlock and bathe in the fragrance of this tradition direct from the summery fresh Alps in this exclusive soap.
Made in Austria | <urn:uuid:23c4480d-c6b3-4a31-ba9d-4a3fc1093702> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.klomfar.at/en/product/bar-soap-pure-tyrol/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.950191 | 106 | 1.757813 | 2 |
I wish to be advised on how to make a pull request. When i run the command, “git pull --rebase upstream master” i get a response that upstream does not appear in the git repository and it cannot access the repository.
Use git remote add upstream " url of repo" to add the upstream repository
You need to set a remote called
upstream which points to the main repository. You can set this using
git remote add upstream <https://github.com/path/to/repo>
You can refer this guide which talks about the development process.
Hello @gracebish , are you still blocked
Sure. I can’t trace the PR URL on GitHub
Ok i think you may have missed some steps , Ok Let me try to make them steps a little simple
To create a pull request(PR), Firstly , you Fork and You clone the repository from openmrs github, depending on the ticket you are working on. following this here. link.
After cloning into your local machine, Go to the directory you have cloned your repository and make sure it is set . forexample . C:\Users\Gracebish\Tickets\openmrs-core. Type pull --rebase upstream master, to pull all the latest changes on the master branch. this command updates your local branch to the upstream .In other words you can start working having all the assurance that your branch is latest to the upstream master. (upstream means openmrs master, origin is your reomote branch that you cloned residing on your github account).
From here create a branch from master, Again this branch must be updated from upstream master using @git branch checkout -b “Name of the branch”
Make your changes and send the pull request, You first push you changes or commits to the origin (this is your remote repository.) then you can create a pull request for review. hope might be of help
Thanks @sharif. Let me follow the instructions once again.
Hope this article would help you
I found this video instructive when starting out, but even now it is always a run to…https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=SbbDvMVgRWo&t=1266s | <urn:uuid:4ea73b4a-df6c-40ec-bd78-b0343b946718> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://talk.openmrs.org/t/making-a-pull-request/27648 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.867624 | 494 | 1.867188 | 2 |
In a blog post yesterday, one of the Microsoft officials announced that the 30-year-old SMB1 file-sharing protocol will now be disabled by default on systems, running the most recent versions of Windows 11 Home Dev Channel, Windows, or Windows Server that were previously shipped with SMBv1 enabled.
SMB1 will now be disabled by default for Windows 11 Home
The software-giant first revealed its plans to disable SMBv1 in Windows in June 2017 following its discontinuation for internal versions of Windows 10 Enterprise and Windows Server 2016.
Home and Pro editions of Windows still supported the client so users could connect to many third-party NAS devices that only supported SMB1.
If you install a Windows Insider Dev channel build in any variant of Home Edition, the SMB1 client isn’t installed. This means there is no edition of Windows 11 Insider that has any part of SMB1 enabled by default anymore. At the next major release of Windows 11, that will be the default behaviour as well. Like always, this doesn’t affect in-place upgrades of machines where you were already using SMB1. SMB1 is not gone here, an admin can still intentionally reinstall it, wrote Ned Pyle in a blog post.
The description on the page also underlines that Windows and Windows Server will no longer include the drivers and DLLs of SMB1. Many users already know that newer versions of SMB protocol do not have any additional security enhancements. As such, it makes no sense to use it. Also, Microsoft will remove the SMB1 binaries in a future release.
In short, SMB1 is outdated and thus, not very secure. This poses a threat to the security of the systems. A few years ago, the Microsoft Exchange team had also urged administrators to disable SMBv1 to protect servers against malware attacks. | <urn:uuid:ac31ffa5-312c-4457-a234-aab54270e27d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.thewindowsclub.com/smb1-will-not-be-enabled-by-default-for-windows-11-home-106910/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.941231 | 389 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Days before the federal government is set to make a decision on a $6.8-billion oil project off the coast of Newfoundland and Labrador, environmentalists are poking holes in the company's environmental claims and urging Ottawa to reject the proposal.
On Wednesday, Verena Tunnicliffe, professor emeritus at the University of Victoria’s biology and earth and ocean sciences departments, was among 134 others appointed to the Order of Canada by Gov. Gen. Mary May Simon.
Jerry cans of gas in an overflowing pool of water. Oil barrels lying on the ground. A dumpster filled to the brim, its lid propped open and bags of garbage left out in bear country. Murky water flowing into wetlands, lakes, streams and rivers. These are scenes from the route of the Coastal GasLink pipeline.
Taking the lessons I learned in Wiikwemkoong as a child and applying them to my everyday life as an adult has changed my perspective and has allowed me to view the world in a different light, writes Ashley Stefureak. | <urn:uuid:5c934cc5-4df2-457b-a786-ba80c66edd66> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nationalobserver.com/tags/environment?page=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.943075 | 214 | 2.25 | 2 |
A letter (CR, April 2) contended that President Obama should be allowed to speak at Notre Dame’s commencement. The writer mentioned that President Bush was allowed to speak at Notre Dame in 2001 even though he had “presided over” executions in Texas. Behind this argument is the assumption of a moral equivalence between direct abortion and capital punishment.
This assumption is not correct. Direct abortion is intrinsically evil, gravely wrong, anywhere, anytime. Capital punishment is not intrinsically evil. The church has always recognized the state’s right to impose capital punishment if it is necessary to protect the lives of innocent people. Unlike direct abortion, which is categorically wrong, the morality of capital punishment will vary with the particular situation and can only be determined through a prudential judgment.
By its very nature, a prudential judgment is not binding. There is room for disagreement. Consequently, you can support capital punishment and still be a Catholic in good standing. This is not true of direct abortion. There is no latitude. There are no countervailing proportionate reasons which would eclipse the murder of millions of human beings. Notre Dame should withdraw its invitation. | <urn:uuid:325f21c3-1a7f-41b0-b0d8-99f596131853> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.archbalt.org/dont-equate-abortion-to-death-penalty/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.965197 | 236 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Higher Education Access
Illinois loses more high school graduates to out-of-state colleges than any other state but New Jersey. While there are a multitude of reasons for this, college affordability is a significant one. As Springfield was embroiled in a budget crisis, higher education took a big hit. Institutions tightened their belts and closed programs, and students waited in limbo to see if their Monetary Awards Program (MAP) grants would be funded.
Illinois falls chronically short on providing MAP funding, currently covering about half of the total cost of eligibility. The grants have also failed to keep pace with inflation. A 2002 MAP grant would fully cover tuition and fees at a public university; today, the grant would cover about one-third of the cost.
An initiative from Gov. Pritzker became law in 2019 requiring schools to support every student to complete a FAFSA, which is the first step in obtaining state and federal aid for college. This is important for students, especially first-generation college-goers, who might not understand what sources of grants and loans are available. It keeps the door open to post-secondary opportunities for students. More must also be done to fund MAP grants, as well as other recommendations outlined in Stand’s “Stop Illinois Brain Drain” report. | <urn:uuid:9ee03e12-9f80-48fe-9292-de3fe9066f4b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stand.org/illinois/higher-education-access/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.972305 | 261 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Management challenge #20 - when you need to move a superstar to the next level to develop as a new leader
What do new managers need most of all? They need support and guidance in learning and practicing the fundamentals of management, every step of the way:
Remind the new leader regularly that this new role carries with it real authority, that it does not award her license, of course, to act like a jerk. It is a huge responsibility that should not be accepted lightly.
Go over with the new leader exactly what her new leadership responsibilities look like.
Explain that management entails more than completing some extra paperwork. You have to explain the “people work” in detail.
Create standard operating procedures for managing, and teach them to all new leaders. Focus on the fundamentals, like spelling out expectations for every employee who works for them, following up regularly, tracking performance closely in writing, and holding people accountable.
When you formally deputize any new leader, no matter how small the project or how short the duration of the leadership role, announce the new leadership to the whole team, articulate the nature of this person’s new authority, and explain the standard operating procedures for management that you have asked the new leader to follow.
Check in daily (or every other day) with this new leader. Regularly walk through the standard operating procedures for managing people. Ask about the management challenges she is probably facing.
Early on, you might want to sit in on the new leader’s team meetings and one-on-ones with team members in order to build up this new leader. Do everything you can to reinforce her authority with the team and every individual on the team. But make sure to take every opportunity you can to help the new leader refine and improve her management techniques.
Pay close attention every step of the way, and evaluate the new leader in her new role. Start focusing in your regular one-on-one management meeting on exactly how the new leader is doing the work of managing. Ask probing questions about each employee your manager is supposed to be managing: “When did you last meet with employee #1? What did you hope to accomplish? What did you talk about? What is #2 working on? What did #3 do last week? What guidance and direction did you give #4? What are #5’s current goals and deadlines? What notes did you take down in your manager’s notebook? May I take a look?”
If you want your new manager to focus on something in particular with one or more of their employees, spell that out. If you want your managers to carry a specific message to their employees, hammer away at that message. Write it down. Put it on cards for your manager to hand out to employees. Talk it through. Role-play it.
Of course, you’ll also need to keep talking with your new leader about her non-management responsibilities too, but remember, every manager’s first responsibility is managing. So that should be the number one priority in your managing of your managers.
ABOUT THE AUTHORBruce Tulgan is an adviser to business leaders all over the world and a sought-after keynote speaker and seminar leader. He is the founder and CEO of RainmakerThinking, Inc., a management research and training firm, as well as RainmakerThinking.Training, an online training company. Bruce is the best-selling author of numerous books including Not Everyone Gets a Trophy (Revised & Updated, 2016), Bridging the Soft Skills Gap (2015), The 27 Challenges Managers Face (2014), , and It’s Okay to be the Boss (2007). He has written for the New York Times, the Harvard Business Review, HR Magazine, Training Magazine, and the Huffington Post. Bruce can be reached by e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.org, you can follow him on Twitter @BruceTulgan, or visit his website www.rainmakerthinking.com. | <urn:uuid:1417f1c3-7624-4e9b-919f-5b5497b93068> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nz.drakeintl.com/drakepulse/management-challenge-20-when-you-need-to-move-a-superstar-to-the-next-level-to-develop-as-a-new-leader/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.956145 | 824 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Last year, Philadelphia saw 2,326 shooting victims, the highest ever recorded. In this context of violence, young people are increasingly turning to the arts. Fletcher Street Urban Riding Club in search of a safe haven, according to its founder, 83-year-old Ellis ‘El-Dog’ Ferrell.
The club is located in an inner-city neighborhood that is poor. It offers young people the opportunity to learn how to ride and care horses. It also teaches life skills and promotes academic excellence.
The club was founded from a long tradition among urban black cowboys. After the civil war, a cowboy job was no longer available to black men. Many went to the north to find more lucrative ranching opportunities.
Ferrell started working with horses after a stint in the army, pouring all of his earnings into buying nags destined for the knacker’s yard at auction, and teaching neighbourhood kids how to ride. In 2004, they became a non-profit and could accept donations for the community work Ferrell and generations to come of black cowboys have done for decades.
“I want to give these kids something to do and keep them off the streets,” Ferrell told Positive News. “If they got nothing to do, they might get into trouble.”
Black children riding horses let them know that it is possible for them too
In the above photograph, Yasin – a young volunteer – walks a horse named Victory down Fletcher Street. It’s a regular sight: the horses being ridden through the city’s streets and parks.
“A lot of these kids have never seen a real live horse before. The only time they see people riding, it’s white people,” Ferrell said. “Seeing black kids riding horses lets them know that they can do it too.”
Main image: Nathan Morris
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SUPPORT POSITIVE NEWS NOW | <urn:uuid:f8795ab1-231a-4e99-aa3a-b9bf9116f5c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.faithfamilyamerica.com/the-urban-cowboys-tackling-gun-crime-ffa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.957575 | 629 | 2.625 | 3 |
Northlink Ferries who provide the lifeline service to Orkney and Shetland is the first UK ferry operator to invest in fully-equipped Changing Places toilets.
Passengers with complex disabilities and their carers can now use specially designed ‘Changing Places’ toilets aboard two of Serco NorthLink’s ferries. The move is a result of a partnership with the organisation PAMIS (Promoting A More Inclusive Society) which campaigns for these facilities, and has been supported by Transport Scotland.
Mum and carer Jenny Whinnet, who helped to start the campaign 20 years ago, said:
“This is an exciting development for families and carers. It permits people who need these facilities to travel further afield confidently and with dignity. This is very different to the early years of this campaign, when it was so difficult for me to travel with my son Craig because there were no Changing Places toilets available.”
The new toilets are already open on deck six of MV Hjaltland and MV Hrossey, and will be available on board MV Hamnavoe by the end of the year.
Jenny Miller, Chief Executive Officer of PAMIS said:
“We’ve been very impressed with the commitment and consideration shown by Serco NorthLink Ferries in developing changing places toilets on their ferries. They have really listened to the stories from the families and people we work with and who feel excluded from so many activities that we all take for granted.
“We’re delighted that the Orkney and Shetland ferries will be the first in the country, and possibly the world, to have a Changing Places toilet.”
Northlink Ferries have introduced several new measures to improve the travel experience for all their customers. Improving the Accessibility of Ferry Travel to Orkney and Shetland
Commenting on the new facilities Paul Wheelhouse,Scottish Government Minister for Energy, Connectivity and the Islands, said:
“We know accessible travel not only enables people to enjoy equal access to our beautiful country, but it also enables people to fully participate in society and improve the quality of their lives, so we want to continue to identify and remove any disabling barriers which prevent people from making journeys or lead to them having an unpleasant time on board.”
Stuart Garrett, Serco’s Managing Director at NorthLink Ferries, said:
“This investment is another sign of our commitment to making our facilities as welcoming as possible to everyone in the community.
“It will open up opportunities for many people with disabilities and their families to visit some of the most beautiful parts of Scotland. It also supports those living on the islands when travelling to and from the mainland for leisure and essential healthcare.” | <urn:uuid:65e8cee8-8b49-4991-bbdf-126f16e147c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theorkneynews.scot/2019/07/16/mv-hjaltland-and-mv-hrossey-now-with-fully-equipped-changing-places-toilets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.954746 | 586 | 1.820313 | 2 |
In order to restore accountability, campuses need oversight
Each spring, well-rehearsed university graduation ceremonies fill the halls of ivy and public venues. The ancient robes, the stirring music, speakers’ calls to high-minded purposes feed the public’s perception of universities as special institutions deserving of respect, the sacrifices of students and parents, and above all, an ample supply of taxpayer and philanthropic dollars.
Universities receive all of these in abundance. Local, state and federal direct support of America’s higher education system totals upwards of $175 billion, making all universities, even “private” institutions, part of a public trust. All of us, even those who never set foot on a campus, benefit from the knowledge, innovation and education that flows from academia.
Universities are rightly revered as protectors of free — if sometimes unwelcome — speech, even as they have been at the forefront of condemning hate speech and racial and religious intolerance. Yet higher education has become the last institutional haven for anti-Semitism, which regularly appears in the form of anti-Israelism.
While most faculty members and students are not anti-Semitic, traditional anti-Semitism often masquerades as “legitimate criticism of Israeli government policies.” Academia’s embrace of multicultural values has been subverted to include perverse ideologies, including some that condone anti-Semitism as part of the Israel policy debate.
Anti-Semitic incidents on campuses are less frequent and visible than in the earlier part of the decade. Yet they have hardly disappeared: A slide show at the University of Arizona depicted Israelis as even worse than Nazis; a cartoon in a Texas A&M;newspaper juxtaposed Nazis with Israelis — replacing the swastika with the Star of David; a flier created by Muslim student groups and funded by the Associated Students of San Francisco State University used the ancient and anti-Semitic blood libel to allege that Palestinian children are killed by Israel for ritual purposes.
Universities have no problem mustering the moral courage to discipline students who commit acts of racism or misogyny. Administrators frequently sanction professors for saying something that might be impolitic. And anti-Semitic incidents have been met with swift rebuke — but only on some campuses some of the time. This is a national problem that requires national attention.
The public has a direct stake in the campus through Title VI funding, which supports Middle East and other area studies so that the United States has scholars who can guide our understanding of other cultures. Sadly, too many Middle East Studies departments produce little usable scholarly research and serve largely to foment anti-Israel sentiment.
Both the Senate and the House are currently considering some kind of federal oversight of Title VI. Either bill would be a good start. Recent arguments before the Supreme Court have affirmed this basic principle: If colleges are going to take the public’s money, they are accountable to the entire public.
Does this mean we should usher in a rash of speech rules and new codes of conduct? No. Let’s merely apply the same standards to all federal grants. Every grant issued by a federal agency includes oversight and evaluation procedures; the same should be true for Title VI grants to universities.
But this is about more than financial accountability. Universities have a responsibility to uphold high moral standards. When universities in the past proved reluctant to enforce anti-segregation legislation, adapt to the standards of the Americans with Disabilities Act or offer equal access to women in college sports, the federal government closed its wallet — and sure enough, universities largely complied in order to continue receiving federal grants.
The same standards should hold with universities that allow anti-Semitism to fester on their campuses. If a student newspaper persists in publishing hateful cartoons and libelous theories, stop funding it from the university budget. If a university is supposed to train students to be analytical and literate in Arabic language, and instead turns out cheerleaders for anti-Israelism, suspend public support.
The university community will allege these actions would limit free speech. But college campuses are not extralegal entities that exist beyond the rules of the outside world. Abuse of the public trust cannot be without consequences.
Universities already offer safeguards (the withholding of tenure, for example) for those who espouse radical hypotheses. At the same time, universities already self-regulate, so that freedom of speech does not devolve into a free-for-all. Peer review and refereeing of disputes in academic journals provide a model for the kind of structures that can and should be deployed on a range of topics, including Israel.
Universities should use these tools not because of the threat of federal intervention but because it would be true to the mission of the academy. Of course, money may be a bigger motivation: If the campus loses the public’s confidence, those billions of dollars will find a new home, a loss none of us can afford.
Gary Tobin is the president of the Institute of Jewish & Community Research and co-author of “The UnCivil University.” | <urn:uuid:f98a4c05-b404-4eab-8f71-30f8b7b5ca76> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://globaljews.org/articles/anti-semitism/in-order-to-restore-accountability-campuses-need-oversight/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.939403 | 1,039 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Clinical and pathological findings in 87 patients with juvenile polyposis have been reviewed; 1032 polyps were available from 80 of these patients; 840 were typical spherical juvenile polyps whereas 169 differed in being multilobulated or showing a villous configuration; 79 (46.7%) of the latter contained foci of epithelial dysplasia whereas only 76 (9.0%) of the typical juvenile polyps were dysplastic. The series also included 21 adenomas and two hyperplastic (metaplastic) polyps. The demonstration of dysplasia provides a histogenetic mechanism for the evolution of colorectal cancer from hamartomatous polyps; 18 juvenile polyposis patients have developed colorectal cancer at a mean age of 34 years (range 15-59). The clinical outcome was generally poor. No clinical or pathological distinction could be made between polyposis patients with and without colorectal cancer. Thus, the development of cancer in juvenile polyposis appears to be a random event. A working definition of juvenile polyposis is provided: (1) more than five juvenile polyps of the colorectum; and/or (2) juvenile polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract; and/or (3) any number of juvenile polyps with a family history of juvenile polyposis. It is suggested that the condition should be treated as seriously as familial adenomatous polyposis except that regular colonoscopic surveillance may obviate the need for prophylactic colectomy. | <urn:uuid:2cbf68c0-eef1-4c56-a628-20d9feb8262f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2853131/?dopt=Abstract | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.935805 | 318 | 2.375 | 2 |
Interceptors are a generalization of the middleware pattern. They were pioneered by Pedestal and since then they’ve shown up in e.g. re-frame and reitit. I’ve been thinking about them and a while ago I wrote a post about their pros and cons.
Something I keep wondering about is that is the ability to manipulate the queue essential? I’m aware of the following use cases for web backends:
- Early return. For example, you might have an authorization interceptor that returns a “403 Forbidden” response if the user is not logged in. In this case you empty the queue.
- Routing. A routing library could look at the request and push new interceptors and a request handler to the queue. This would allow you to chain routing libraries in the same interceptor queue. I’ve chained routing libraries, for sure, but I’m not sure if they need to share the interceptor chain.
- Re-ordering the interceptors. You could have an interceptor that looks at the queue and re-orders it based on the dependencies between the interceptors like angel-interceptor does. I’ve actually used this with Kekkonen, but e.g. angel-interceptor is not an interceptor itself.
Now, Eric Normand’s interceptors do not have the queue exposed but they still support early return. I believe re-ordering is better done from the outside like angel-interceptor does and I’m unsure whether chained routing libraries need to share the interceptor context.
Does anyone know of other use cases for manipulating queue?
Another use case would be to provide hooks into a library for its consumer to provide interceptors when they normally would not be accessible.
re-flow is a re-frame library that implements this use case. It provides an event handler for an event that will ultimately be dispatched outside the library by the application.
However, it is possible (maybe even likely) that the calling application will want to inject custom behavior to be run with the event. However, since the event handler is implemented inside the library, there is no direct way to specify an interceptor on it.
To address this issue, re-flow provides a mechanism for an application to register the interceptors it would like to run with that event. Internally, it uses a custom interceptor that simply pushes the registered interceptors onto the queue.
You can see an example of its use here.
We enqueue interceptors in our pedestal app in order to perform side effects. So if an interceptor wants to write to Datomic it enqueues an interceptor for that, same for sending an email.
In contrast to the approach outlined in http://pedestal.io/reference/interceptors with a database-interceptor that’s always part of the chain, we enqueue the effectful interceptor, so we can know if a side effect was performed successfully (leave is called) or errored (error is called) and to ensure ordering (e.g. write to db first, send email only if that succeeded).
We also built Nextjournal’s code execution using pedestal’s interceptor chain. When a user presses run to execute a code cell, we look at the request and the current state and enqueue interceptors that do the necessary work (pull docker image, boot runtime, execute dependent cells etc). This is nice because it allows us to test this planning step without having to perform actual side effects.
Thanks for the responses, they’re just what I was looking for! Clearly the dynamic queue has interesting use cases.
We also use this feature in a big website where the URL shape doesn’t give us enough information about what to render exactly. We need to call an external database that give us all necessary information, and only then we know what to do. So after the call to the DB we enqueue the right final interceptors to render the page. Another nice usage!
This topic was automatically closed 182 days after the last reply. New replies are no longer allowed. | <urn:uuid:63966710-86dd-4be8-8372-34620d4e82df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://clojureverse.org/t/use-cases-for-the-queue-in-interceptors/3037 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.921549 | 875 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Build your own fairly simple high quality stereo FM transmitter circuit as shown in the photo. The circuit is based on the BA1404 chip from ROHM Semiconductors and S9018 amplifier for extending tansmitter's range. BA1404 is a monolithic FM stereo modulator that has built in stereo modulator, FM modulator, RF amplifier circuits. The FM modulator can be operated from 76 to 108MHz and the power supply for the circuit can be anything between 6 to 12 volts.
About the FM transmitter circuit with BA1404
The circuit formed by C1, L1, C2, C3 is a filter (optional) for transients that may come from our power supply. Anyway, prefer to use power supplies with good filtering.
R3/P2 and R4/P1 form the limiting circuit for the audio signal level for the integrated circuit. According to the datasheet, this value should be 0.5V (500mV), so adjust the trimpot so that the audio signal is clear when transmitting. You may need to change the 27K resistors at the input.
C8/R5 and C9/R6 form the pre-emphasis circuit, to calculate the value use the following formula Ct = R × C.
Capacitors C10 and C11 with the IC input resistance (impedance) form a high pass filter, allowing the signal to pass above 30Hz. The input impedance is 540 Ohm, for 30Hz frequency, the calculator value for the capacitor is about 10uF.
Capacitors C12 and C13 form a low-pass filter, for FM 15KHz, by calculations we arrive at about 20nF. You can use values of 18nF for the tolerance of the components, thus ensuring that the 15KHz range is passed.
C15 is the bias capacitor of the audio stage signal and C14 the bias capacitor of the 38KHz oscillator, P3 forms the balance circuit and the multiplexed signal.
The audio signal from each channel is amplified separately by 37dB and the signal applied to the multiplexer, the crystal oscillator connected from on pins 5 and 6, create a 38Khz subcarrier and 19KhZ pilot signal with the same phase, but with 1/2 cycle delay. The audio signal and the 38Khz carrier are balanced and modulated in the multiplexer. Thus we will have at the output the L + R signal, the 38Khz subcarrier and two carriers, the L-R. The multiplexed signal is output at pin 14. The 19KHz pilot signal is generated by dividing the crystal frequency by 2, this signal is output on pin 13.
The components connected to pins 13 and 14 mixes the signal, generating the MPX composite signal delivered to pin 12.
The integrated circuit has internally a special transistor to work with high frequencies, forming a Collpits oscillator, the components connected between pins 9 and 10 complete the FM modulator circuit. With the values in the circuit, we have covered the FM range. You may need to change capacitor values to achieve the result. Use ceramic capacitors of type NP0, in order to prevent the frequency from varying due to temperature change.
The FM signal is delivered on pin 7, you may need to change the value of C31 to get better power, values between 4.7pF and 15pF can be used.
The RF coil is usually a critical component in FM transmitter assemblies, the ideal coil for this circuit is a 3.5 turn ferrite core found in FM radios. Below you can see the model of this coil.
However, if you can’t find such a coil, you can make one yourself by winding 4 coils of 22 AWG enameled copper wire on a 5 mm diameter ferrite core. To adjust the operating frequency of the stereo transmitter, use a plastic key to adjust and find an fm-free range.
About Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis
Random noise has a triangular spectral distribution in an FM system, with the effect that the noise occurs predominantly at the higher audio frequencies in the baseband. This can be compensated for, to some extent, by increasing the high frequencies before transmission and reducing them by a corresponding amount at the receiver. Reducing the high audio frequencies at the receiver also reduces the high-frequency noise. These processes of increasing and reducing certain frequencies are known as pre-emphasis and non-emphasis reduction, respectively.
The amount of pre-emphasis and non-emphasis used is defined by the time constant of a simple RC filter circuit. In most parts of the world, a time constant of 50 µs is used. In the Americas and South Korea, 75 µs is used. This applies to both mono and stereo transmissions. For stereo, pre-emphasis is applied to the left and right channels before multiplexing.
The use of pre-emphasis becomes a problem because many forms of contemporary music contain more high-frequency energy than the styles of music that were prevalent at the birth of FM broadcasting. Pre-emphasis of these high-frequency sounds would cause excessive deviation of the FM carrier. Modulation control (limiter) devices are used to prevent this. Systems more modern than FM transmission tend to use program-dependent variable pre-emphasis; for example, dbx in the BTSC TV sound system, or none.
The 38KHz crystal guarantees stereo transmission, in case you can’t find this component for your circuit assembly, you will get a high quality mono transmission.
The high-frequency signal follows from pin 7 to transistor T1 to guarantee a longer transmission distance, capacitor C9 couples the antenna that can be a telescopic or a piece of hard-wire.
The power supply should be a 6 to 12V source or battery, the higher voltage will feed the power transistor, but for the BA 1404 integrated circuit it will be necessary below 3 Volts, or it may burn out. To power the integrated circuit we use an adjustable voltage regulator IC LM317L set to about 2.4V. If you prefer, you can change the resistors to have a higher voltage. For example, by changing R1 to 330 ohms, we get 2.5V at the output. If you prefer, use this calculator for LM317.
When assembling this circuit, make sure all components are positioned in the correct place and only then connect the battery, then connect an audio source such as a cell phone, for example, and with a nearby FM receiver tuned to a free FM frequency, adjust the coil, using a plastic or wooden “key”, until you hear the signal on the radio. If you can’t adjust it, try other values for C13, and then retune the settings.
If you cannot tune in the FM range 88 to 108 MHZ, try changing the value of the tuning capacitor. In the last case the coil can be 4 coils of enameled wire with an air core and the capacitor a variable capacitor from 6 to 30pF. The reason for not using an air-core coil is that with changes in ambient temperature, there is a variation in the size of this coil that will interfere with frequency stability, which is not ideal in good quality FM generators.
Suggested PCB mounting stereo FM transmitter with integrated BA 1404 and crystal 38KHZ.
Part Value Description Quantity
R1 300 Orange, black, brown, gold 1
R2 330 Orange, orange, brown, gold 1
R3, R4 27K Red, violet, orange, gold 2
R5 68K Blue, gray, orange, gold 1
R6 47K Yellow, violet, orange, gold 1
R7 100K Brown, black, yellow, gold 1
R8 2.7K Red, violet, red, gold 1
R9 10 Brown, black, black, gold 1
R10, R12 220 Red, red, brown, gold 2
R11 10K Red, red, brown, gold 1
C1, C2, C6, C12, C13, C16, C21, C26, C27, C31 10nF (103) Ceramic Capacitor 10
C3 100µF/25V Electrolytic Capacitor 1
C5 100µF/12V Electrolytic Capacitor 1
C4, C10, C11, C15, C19 10µF/12V Electrolytic Capacitor 5
C7 100nF (104) Ceramic Capacitor 1
C8, C9, C14, C22, C28, C30 1nF (102) Ceramic Capacitor 4
C17, C23 10pF (10p) Ceramic Capacitor NP0 2
C18 220pF (221) Ceramic Capacitor 1
C20 470pF (471) Ceramic Capacitor 1
C24, C25, C29 15pF (15p) Ceramic Capacitor NP0 3
IC1 LM317L Adjustable voltage regulator integrated circuit. 1
IC2 BA1404 FM transmitter integrated circuit 1
T1 SS9018 (S9018) or equivalent NPN transistor for RF 1
Q1 38KHz Quartz crystal 1
J1 DC (Power Supply) Terminal block 2 pin 5.08 mm 1
J2 IN (audio input) Stereo P2 connector. 1
L1, L3 10µH Brown, black, black, silver 2
L2, L4 Adjustable coil Adjustable coil, 3.5 turns ferrite core. 1
P1, P2 22K (223) Trimpot 2
P3 100K (104) Trimpot 1
Solder, Wires, PCB, case, font, etc. | <urn:uuid:64e87dac-4d09-42d1-ac44-c01dc1c94ed5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://electronics-diy.com/ba1404-stereo-fm-transmitter-with-booster.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.870337 | 2,084 | 2.390625 | 2 |
The DICT Development Group
2 definitions found
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 :
Free \Free\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Freeing.] [OE. freen, freoien, AS. fre['o]gan. See Free,
1. To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of that which
confines, limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to
release; to disengage; to clear; -- followed by from, and
sometimes by off; as, to free a captive or a slave; to be
freed of these inconveniences. --Clarendon.
Our land is from the rage of tigers freed. --Dryden.
Arise, . . . free thy people from their yoke.
2. To remove, as something that confines or bars; to relieve
from the constraint of.
This master key
Frees every lock, and leads us to his person.
3. To frank. [Obs.] --Johnson.
From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 :
33 Moby Thesaurus words for "freed":
afoot and lighthearted, at large, at liberty, clear, delivered,
detached, disengaged, easygoing, emancipated, extricated,
footloose, footloose and fancy-free, free, free and easy,
free as air, freeborn, go-as-you-please, in the clear, liberated,
loose, on parole, on the loose, redeemed, released, rescued,
scot-free, unattached, unbound, uncommitted, unengaged, uninvolved,
email@example.com Specification=RFC 2229 | <urn:uuid:84c96510-e0af-4657-8954-8b07b31b324b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://dict.org/bin/Dict?Form=Dict2&Database=*&Query=Freed | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.773326 | 460 | 2.171875 | 2 |
ALA @ Wayne State Student Members Volunteer for March is Reading Month
To celebrate March is Reading Month 2021, the Wayne State University School of Information Sciences (SIS) students and the American Library Association at Wayne State (ALA@WSU) members Lindsey Crego, Jessica Biebuyck, Grace Moore, and Megan Hakala spent time at the Detroit Children’s Museum (DCM) filling WSU tote bags with children's books along with DCM lead educator and site manager Charles Merrell. The books were a mix of new items provided by Follett Books, and like-new donated books courtesy of the Children’s Museum and Northville public schools.
More than 200 WSU tote bags were packed with books and were distributed to students in grades 6-8 at Brewer Academy in Detroit on March 19. Vonetta Clark-Tooles, supervisor of K-12 literacy for Detroit Public Schools Community District helped to coordinate a surprise visit by Clifford the Big Red Dog to help distribute the goodie bags, and students were inspired to start their own home libraries. The students enjoyed stories read by Mary Grant of the Detroit Association of Black Storytellers (DABS), and they also planned poetry slams and started to dream about organizing their own book clubs.
The connections were made possible due to the partnership with Pam Marcil, Yaa Sparks and Marcia Gregory, and the entire team from the Detroit Literacy Project, and communications from SIS practicum coordinator Jennifer Gustafson, who was a featured speaker at Brewer Academy's National African American Parent Involvement Day on February 8 and Literacy Summit on March 12.
For more about this and other projects from the School of Information Sciences, please visit: sis.wayne.edu/students/associations. | <urn:uuid:be6bd21e-21a5-44d3-95f5-9b98494bdefc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stem-innovation.wayne.edu/news/ala-at-wayne-state-student-members-volunteer-for-march-is-reading-month-42144 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.965202 | 365 | 1.96875 | 2 |
All today’s bonsai are by Gede Merta of Bonsai Bali This meaningful Pemphis acidula is entitled ‘Individuals.’ I can just see a single person with a lengthy arm. Is she or he providing something? Or perhaps scooping it up?
Great complete waterfall bonsai aren’t all that usual. Specifically ones with such a general unwinded feeling; the uncommon method the vegetation appears curtained throughout the leading and also simply exactly how loosened it hangs. Not to claim that its wild form and also remarkable nonessential aren’t sufficient to make this tree deserving. After that many of Gede Merte’s bonsai reveal wild forms and also remarkable nonessential. The tree is one more Pemphis acidula. A really usual plant in Indonesia.
An additional remarkable Pemphis acidula.
And also yet one more Pemphis acidula. Gede Merta’s inscription claims: style: bird
This makes 5 straight. The style is dancing.
Aha. A non-Phempis. The inscription claims Hokian tea. An even more usual name in English could be Fukien tea. | <urn:uuid:cfca37a5-2d4d-43d1-93a6-bb447a9a6854> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://my-plant.org/bonsai-of-bond-rock-light/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.900957 | 253 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Consumers need a range of financial products to help them manage cash flows and risks throughout their lives. They use money to exchange goods and services. They borrow, they save, they invest, they live in retirement, and they pass on their wealth to their heirs.
The finance industry provides tools and services to help people accomplish these things. When these products work well, financial services enhance the well-being of society. When they don’t, they lead to not-so-good outcomes like over- or mis-selling in some markets or segments and underpenetration in others. In extreme cases, they lead to financial crises.
Products are designed — well and badly.
Financial products have evolved over time to meet consumer needs. For example, payment systems developed from barter to currency to checking and electronic bank transfers. Credit has progressed from simple IOUs to securitization of collateralized and uncollateralized (personal) loans. The concepts of insurance and the joint stock company revolutionized the world by transferring risk and reward from one to many. Each of these concepts is an example of beautiful product design. Well-designed products are not only elegant in functionality and form, they also have signifiers that tell users how to use them.
Over the centuries, we have tinkered with the designs of these financial tools. Sometimes we’ve improved them. At other times we’ve sabotaged them. The trust structure is a step forward, offering fiduciary supervision where asset owners and managers are separate. Hence, mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are examples of effective evolution.
On the other hand, some products purport to combine two very different benefits, say, insurance and investments. By fusing two very distinct services in the same “wrapper,” they make things more complicated. So much so that providers claim such offerings “are not bought but need to be sold” through expensive distribution channels. The product signifiers are so bad that even after extensive training, the salespeople barely understand what they are selling. Of course, the wrapper hides many sins, including poor investment performance.
Providers compare these new products to mobile phones. After all, if you can call, text, email, record, film, and consume all types of media on one pocket-sized device, shouldn’t a financial product offer similarly broad functionality? But would you cook with them? Similarly, managing downside risks (insurance) and upside wealth growth (investments) are too different. Unbundling the two will not only make more efficient — with insurers sticking to insurance and outsourcing the investment management to asset management companies — but also simpler to purchase.
The insurance and investment product landscape across the globe has grown so complicated that a whole industry — wealth management — now sits between providers and consumers. These intermediaries are called distributors, agents, broker-dealers, or financial advisers, depending on who is paying them. Their job is simple: to sell products or match consumers with the right ones. Either way, their existence shows that most consumers don’t know how to select among the products by themselves.
The Role of Financial Content
There are other players that sit between products and consumers. They offer more generic guidance through media, education, and research — what we collectively call financial content. Each segment of financial content serves a different purpose: The media report on the news, education gives investors a basic understanding of the state of the sector and its offerings, and research analyzes various products and recommends which to select.
But the financial media seem to think content is content and ignore how intricate the landscape has become and the increasingly high skill level needed to navigate it.
Financial education requires an understanding of both finance and education. There is enough academic research on how education can be more effective based on how our brains work. For example, we now know how chunking helps us grasp information, how visuals are more effective than text alone, how multi-tasking has its drawbacks. Google makes it easier to find factual information, so we don’t need to retain trivial knowledge and can free up capacity for analysis and decision making.
Similarly, research requires an investment philosophy and insight into how financial markets work, what factors predict future performance, and sound judgment about human nature, among other skills. Research on credit differs from that on equities. So credit and mutual fund ratings are quite distinct; one is science, the other art. Stock research is different again. Good research is incredibly hard to find. Yet it’s key to the smooth functioning of capitalism.
It’s worth looking at the economics of the content industry too. Media are mostly funded by advertising. Adviser and investor education is also funded either directly or indirectly through advertising, although not-for-profit organizations and government agencies also contribute. So is research.
Many academic studies demonstrate how ineffective financial education and research are. But without analyzing the economic incentives or whether basic educational and research principles are applied, that’s hardly a surprise. We don’t need a study to tell us that.
Is systems thinking or market design the answer?
Questions about whether providers should design better products and sell them responsibly — the “seller beware” model — or consumers should take responsibility for their own purchases through financial education — “buyer beware” — miss the point. So too do those questions about the role and utility of financial advisers — this industry exists because both buyer and seller beware concepts don’t work in isolation. Such questions address only part of the problem and the solution may solve one problem and create others.
A “systems thinking” approach — one that looks at the causes and effects of all the moving parts over time — might be a more appropriate solution. We need to analyze the whole market and each player’s role within it. We need to balance product design vs. financial education. And we need to balance the seller beware model vs. the buyer beware equation. We also need to look at the role of regulators and other intermediaries: Are they reducing or increasing the friction? We certainly need to look at the role of incentives.
We need to design complete markets, not just products and content separately.
If you liked this post, don’t forget to subscribe to the Enterprising Investor.
All posts are the opinion of the author. As such, they should not be construed as investment advice, nor do the opinions expressed necessarily reflect the views of CFA Institute or the author’s employer.
Image credit: ©Getty Images/ XtockImages | <urn:uuid:aafb564d-bf2a-4a0e-bf34-315fbac3a878> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aspiremarketguides.com/buyer-beware-vs-seller-beware/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.948547 | 1,357 | 2.078125 | 2 |
B Cell Antigen
Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human B Cell, B cell Antigen
Immunohistochemistry ; Western Blotting .
Human B cell line Daudi.
20 mM tris-borate, 150 mM Sodium Chloride, dialyzed media RPMI 1640/D-MEM containing fetal bovine serum, BMC-6 carrier polysaccharides, carrier protein, and 0.05% Sodium Azide, pH 7.5.
Do not dilute the entire reconsituted solution at once. Withdraw aliquots as needed with a micropipette and keep concentrated stock at 4°C. Dilute according to the particular application being used. In general, the 0.05M borate pH 8.0 containing 0.15M sodium chloride, 0.02% sodium azide, is a good dilutent to use with most antibodies. When diluting for immunohistochemistry, ELISA or western blot, make the dilution in Primary Antibody Diluting Buffer (Cat. No. M35). Avoid diluting the entire contents of the vial at once since the diluted solution may have reduced stability.
This antibody can be used on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Prolonged fixation in buffered formalin can destroy the epitope. The antibody may be used at a dilution of with AutoProbe III (Cat. No. 08-803). It is recommended that this product be used on frozen tissue sections or specimens. The optimal conditions should be determined by the individual laboratory.
This antibody defines the antigen which appears on B cell progenitors following HLA-DR and preceding CD10, CD19, CD22, CD 37 and cym. It is expressed on resting B cells and then reappears and persists in the cytoplasm and on the cell surface until cytoplasmic Ig appears.It is a useful antibody for studying B cell origins. It reacts with human B cell lines Daudi, Raji, Namalva, EB-3, RPMI-8226 (50% of cells). This antibody does not label neoplasms of T cell lines, blood granulocytes, thymocytes or bone marrow stromal fibroblasts. No significant changes are detected after PHA or ConA stimulation while LPS and PWM stimulated cultures after 18-48h show decreased number of antigen-positive cells but in final terms of cultivation antigen is expressed again.
This antibody is compatible with the following Biømeda staining kits: AutoProbe III Wide Spectrum Universal Staining kits (Cat. No. 08-803, 08-804X), HistoScan Monoclonal Detector (Cat. No. 06-601, 06-601A and 06-601F). BiøStain Super ABC Mouse/Rat kits (Cat. No. 11-002 and 11-002A), UltraProbe High Sensitivity Staining kits (Cat. 09-900, 09-901, 09-901X), LAB/Probe Mouse/Rabbit kits (Cat. No. 10-101 and 10-102) and AutoProbe II Universal kits
(Cat. No. 08-801 and 08-802X).
Refrigerate at 4°C. Do not freeze.
1. Pinchouk, V.G., et.al., Monoclonal antibodies IPO-3 and IPO-10 against human B cell differentiation antigens. Anticancer Research 8: 1377-1380, 1988.
2. Gluzman, D.F., et.al. Monoclonal antibodies IPO-2, IPO-4 and IPO-10 against lymphocyte differentiation antiegns. Tissue Antigens 33: 151, 1989.
3. Sidorenko, S.P., et.al., Monoclonal antibodies of IPO series against B cell differentiation antigens in leukemia and lymphoma immunophenotyping. Neoplasma 39: 3-9, 1992. | <urn:uuid:202fbd8c-a1bd-45a6-bfee-a4c6758d83e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://biomeda.com/b-cell-antigen.V7046.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.80414 | 887 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Albion Street runs parallel to, and immediately to the north of, Parramatta Road. Given its proximity to this main thoroughfare and, in its eastern section, to the earliest subdivisions in Annandale*, it developed relatively early, principally as a residential street. Some particularly prominent houses are to be found on the southern side of the street between Johnston and Annandale Streets. Just opposite those houses, on the northern side of Albion Street, one of the suburb’s first buildings – Annandale Cottage – was built in 1815. Portions of it are said to be incorporated in the private hospital now on that site.
Despite its predominately residential character, Albion Street bears the marks of a semi-industrial past and present.
*A plan of the 1870’s subdivision, depicting a portion of Albion Street, can be found in AURA, The Early History of Annandale, Journal 1 at page 26.
No. 1 NW Corner Susan Street
This building may date from the mid 1880’s. Charles P Dwyer, a builder, occupied the site from that time until around the turn of the century. For several years from the late 1880’s it was known as “the Annandale Trades Hall”. However, its use as a trades hall seems to have been brief and its role in Annandale’s political life is unclear.*
It appears to have reverted to a residence soon after 1900.
*For a history of the labour movement in the Inner West see M Solling, The Labor Party in Inner Sydney, LHJ Vol 22 page 3. Annandale Hall above the Colonnade at 101 Johnston Street features more prominently in the suburb’s civic and political history.
The current building probably dates from the 1960’s, though it may incorporate an earlier structure. The site formed part of the footprint of the Australian Contingent Hotel (originally the “Contingent Hotel”) which occupied the north-east corner of Albion and Nelson streets from about 1890, a portion of which still survives: see Nelson Street.
After the hotel moved to the site of the present Annandale Hotel a block to the south in the mid-1930’s, the site seems to have remained vacant into the 1950’s.
The site was used as a wood and coal yard from around 1905 and from about 1920 this stretch of Albion Street was residential. The present building post-dates the 1950’s and presumably replaced one or more dwellings.
This somewhat unusual building, with its hollow ground floor, may have been used by Jackson & Juchan, carriers from around 1915 until the early 1930’s.
While used for residential purposes from the early 20th century, the site has been occupied by the present commercial building since the late 1940’s, and was probably built for the Plastic Doll Parts Co. which occupied the site in the 1950’s. At that time the area must have been a bit of a hub for doll makers as The Kent Doll Manufacturing Co. operated just around the corner at 6a Nelson Street.
No. 58 SE (corner Trafalgar Street)
The first occupant to the site was Henry Sizmur, a greengrocer, who established his business on this prominent site, close to Parramatta Road, in 1894. Thereafter a series of grocers and confectioners operated at the site until the early 1940’s at which time the site seems to have reverted to light industrial use and may have been used by a pattern maker. A number of pattern makers worked in this locality. They produced casting moulds for metal foundries, several of which operated in this part of Annandale.
The present building probably dates from the 1950’s or 60’s.
Much of the structure on this site is modern. However, close inspection suggests that it incorporates parts of an older building. An ice making and cold storage works (which traded under several names, including Annandale Ice and Storage Works) operated in this location from the mid 1920s until about 1940.
In the 1950s, it may have been occupied by a pattern maker.
No. 140 SW Cnr Young Street
Built in about 1893, this prominent building seems to remain much as it was when built, albeit that verandahs and/or awnings have probably been removed.
It, began life as a grocery and remained so until at least the 1950’s. James Grant was the initial proprietor and traded from 1893 until the early 1920’s. After a short stint as a wine saloon in the 1920s, a succession of proprietors operated a grocery or mixed business (as such stores increasingly came to be known after the World War Two).
Use of this site is a little hard to track through Sands due to frequent re-numberings of Albion St and as it does not occupy a corner.
A bakery may have been located here in the 1920s and later the Hardwood Co-op Box factory. It can more confidently be identified as the site of Peters & Co upholsterers which operated from the mid 1930’s until about the end of the second war. The current building may date from then.
As with other sites along Albion Street, tracking the use of this site (now Nos. 192-194) is a little difficult until well into the 20th century.
A number of wheelwright businesses occupied parts of the site, possibly as early as the 1880’s. Thomas Taylor was at the site as a wheel wright as late as 1910.
The current building (apartments) incorporates an earlier industrial facade which may date from the 1950’s when Yarn & Textile Mills Pty Ltd, textile manufacturers, Sydney Waste Industries, waste manufacturers, and Colourcraft Pty Ltd, dye works appear to have operated from portions of the site.
Like 192-194 Albion St, Nos. 200-202 are currently apartments with an older industrial facade. In this case the former industrial use is also evident at the rear along Albion Lane (see accompanying photo).
Sands suggests that a fuel merchant occupied No 200 in around 1915, though the use of both sites was principally residential until the 1940’s.
From 1945 Hyco Products, manufacturing engineers occupied at least part of the site and they were later joined by The William Hunt Level & Co, turners (probably at 200 Albion Lane). The current Albion Street and Albion Lane facades may date from this period, though the latter may well be older. | <urn:uuid:b18c19c4-0801-4919-828c-cbbfa703ca9e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.annandaleindustrial.com/albion-street | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.970636 | 1,414 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Mucormycosis, an angioinvasive yeast infection of the Mucorales order of the class of Zygomycetes, often grows in patients with diabetes mellitus, especially in the presence of diabetic ketoacidosis.
A 67-year-old woman presented to the emergency department (ED) with delirium resulting from diabetic ketoacidosis. She also complained of headache, facial pain, nasal congestion, left eye pain, and blurry vision of 2 weeks’ duration. She noted recent bloody nasal discharge and confusion, which was her reason to come to the ED.
The patient’s past medical history was significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with neuropathy, arthritis, multiple urinary tract infections, cataracts, and obesity. She denied smoking and alcohol and drug use. She lives alone with a cat.
Vital signs were temperature, 36.7°C (98°F); pulse, 114 beats/min; respiratory rate, 25 breaths/min; blood pressure, 116/20 mm Hg; oxygen saturation, 98% on room air. She was not oriented to place or time.
Examination revealed signs of inflammation and some exudates in the patient’s left ear canal, dried blood around her nares, and dry mucous membranes.
Lung and heart examination findings were normal.
Laboratory findings were significant: fasting glucose level of 800 mg/dL (normal range, 70 to 100 mg/dL), with an anion gap of 28 mmol/L (normal range, 2 to 16 mmol/L) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level of 15.9% (normal range, 5% to 6%). The leukocyte count was 32.3/mL (normal range, 4.5 to 10/mL), with 7% bands (normal range, 3% to 5%).
A CT scan of the patient’s sinus (Figure 1) showed ethmoidal sinus congestion with air-fluid levels in the sphenoidal sinuses. Maxillary sinuses and turbinates appeared thickened, and there was left supraorbital soft tissue swelling.
The patient was admitted to the ICU and placed on a diabetic ketoacidosis protocol. By the third day after admission, the diabetic ketoacidosis had resolved; however, the patient continued to complain of sinus tenderness and headache. Otolaryngology debrided her sinuses, and this decreased her pain.
On day 8, the patient was discharged to a nursing facility for general debility and received an outpatient follow-up referral to ENT. During the visit, further sinus debridement showed necrotic areas of the sinuses.
The patient was readmitted and had bilateral maxillary antrostomy, total ethmoidectomy, and sphenoidotomy. Histopathology using Gomori methenamine-silver nitrate stain revealed broad-based, irregular, ribbon-like, nonseptate hyphae with branching, as seen in Figure 2.What’s Your Diagnosis? | <urn:uuid:1f633a64-8d13-4f50-b1ab-3230311df6de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.patientcareonline.com/view/woman-delirium-diabetic-ketoacidosis | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.921813 | 654 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Spent automobile catalyst is an important secondary resource of PGMs (platinum group metals), and the recovery is fairly significant. Various recovery technologies have been reported and applied in practical production, including pyro- And hydrometallurgical processes. Because the grade of PGMs in the catalysts is quite low, approximately 0.5 mass%, present recycling technologies involve high energy consumption. Enriching PGMs with energy-saving physical separation methods as a pre-treatment is therefore of great significance. Automobile catalyst is usually composed of cordierite phase as a substrate and an alumina/ceria phase, with PGMs, which covers the cordierite phase. In this research, a combined flowsheet, jaw crusher, crushing rolls, and attritor, was used to perform selective grinding and concentrate the alumina/ceria phase into finer size ranges. High-grade alumina/ceria phase was recovered into a 10.3mm size fraction with 57% recovery by using the jaw crusher and crushing rolls for pre-crushing. The coarser size fractions, in which the alumina/ceria phase was still present, was fed to the following surface-grinding step with an attritor to concentrate alumina/ceria phase further. By combining pre-crushing and surface grinding as described above, an alumina/ceria concentrate was produced with a grade of 66%, recovery of 76%, and separation efficiency of 52%. This research used the Ouchiyama model, a well-known surface-grinding model, to evaluate attritor surface grinding for various feed size fractions. Results of kinetic analyses and experiments demonstrated that surface grinding became predominant for larger feed size fractions under the condition of low ball-media content because of collisions between sample particles, but for smaller feed size fractions, surface grinding occurred mainly by collisions of sample particles with the grinding media because of the small size of the sample particles. Surface grinding of the cordierite phase was also observed, especially for coarser feed size particles for which the exposure ratio of the alumina coat layer was lower compared with finer feed particles.
ASJC Scopus subject areas | <urn:uuid:d3261a56-59d6-4160-a0e8-72255c2eaa0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://waseda.pure.elsevier.com/ja/publications/surface-grinding-kinetics-for-the-concentration-of-pgms-from-spen | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.942861 | 506 | 2.125 | 2 |
Introduction of a new informatics system, REDCap – Research Electronic Data Capture program for use by an internal employee wellness program to improve data intake, analysis, identification of trends, and identifying program successes and failures. The health and wellness of employees are essential for employers and the employees themselves. Data collected from wellness programs is valuable to track and can ultimately be used to analyze program success or failure, and individual employee health improvements or declines. The REDCap program has the capability to send and receive surveys and track specific employee data collected by coaches and advocates for future analysis.
Meetings were held with the wellness department to identify specific needs for information they desired to capture and analyze. Survey necessity identified as demographics, well-being/interest, nutrition class, and stress class. Assistance received from the institution REDCap expert for guidance and buildout. The well-being/interest survey incorporated the SF-12(short form 12), with additional questions related to burnout and workplace culture and one question related to chronic illnesses and barriers to participation.
Successful development of intrinsic data system utilizing REDCap program, including initial and follow up survey’s along with the timeframes for being sent, and Training manual compiled which included departmental algorithms and step-b-step instructions for REDcap data input and analysis. Presentation of the total project and manual was provided to the internal wellness program employees. Go live of the program was postponed in part due to COVID-19 and change in laboratory testing utilization.
The primary goal surrounding this quality improvement project was to improve a system and how it operates while providing valuable feedback as APRNs. Pairing internal wellness programs with a robust database such as REDCap, initiating protocols, and education regarding the use of data-driven approaches to program evaluation has the added benefits of providing information on success and failures and a potential overall reduction in both employee and employer healthcare costs. The REDCap program's use allows for data analysis to occur using SPSS Statistical Software for statistical data analysis and identify significance related to programs offered by the internal employee wellness department.A significant passion surrounding this project would have been to identify nursing units experiencing high annual turnover based on the statistical analysis obtained through REDCap on employee health and how it correlates to burnout. | <urn:uuid:1d0d1d35-eda1-427f-b26d-bbc9ed1cbe80> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://school.wakehealth.edu/education-and-training/nursing-programs/doctor-of-nursing-practice-program/projects/systems-improvement-project-for-an-internal-employee-wellness | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.936677 | 464 | 1.882813 | 2 |
– Services –
Extractables and Leachables Case Studies
Extractables and Leachables Case Studies for Personal Hygiene Products and Inhalation Drugs: Challenges and Solutions
By Barbara Pavan, Ph.D.
Continuous monitoring of extractables and leachables is of paramount importance in evaluating the safety of a finished product for both the pharmaceutical and consumer products industries. Examining the materials’ extractables over time and across different lots can show how production processes and raw materials sources affect the extractable profile in the finished product. This type of evaluation is critical when products come in contact with the human body for extended periods of time.
Leachables evaluation for inhalation drug products is included as part of their stability assessment. Both the nature of the drug and the inherently low detection limits required for inhalation products can make the development and validation of analytical methods particularly challenging.
The consumer products industry has become sensitive to potential extractables & leachables from their products, especially if they come into contact with the body, such as in personal hygiene products. We examined the extractables from one of these products which is comprised of a plastic and a natural fiber component.
The extraction conditions used for the study can be considered “mild”, since neither high temperature nor reflux conditions were used, but the extractions were performed at room temperature. For the LC-MS and GC-MS analyses the extractions were performed using two media: water and methanol, for 2 hours without agitation. For the ICP-OES analysis, the extraction was performed for 24 hours using a 10% v/v HNO3 solution and gentle agitation.
A complex panel of methanolic extractables were identified from the plastics. No significant extractables were obtained from the water extraction. The most relevant chemicals found were esters of fatty acids, ethoxylated oleic acid, erucamide and oleamide, fragrances, and the antioxidants Irganox PS800, 1076, and Irgafos 168 and its oxidation product. Throughout the analysis of different lots/products we observed a similar presence of the fatty acids, but differences in the slip agents used (erucamide vs. oleamide) and the antioxidants. Monitoring these chemicals provides a mean to track variability between lots and products, raw materials suppliers and production processes.
Several extractables were identified from the natural material, from both water and methanol media. The most relevant extractables were fatty acids (i.e. oleic, erucic, nervonic) and their methyl esters, polyethylene glycol, glycols and their ethers, and fragrances. An unexpected extractable was Irganox PS800, which is used as an antioxidant and heat stabilizer for plastics. Its presence can be explained by the fact that the natural fibers are stored in contact with the plastic part of the product, thus some of the additives appeared to migrate from the plastic to the natural material.
Inhalation Drug Product
The leachables study of an inhalation drug product was performed as part of its stability evaluation. Two storage conditions were used: 25 °C/60 %RH and 45 °C/75 %RH, and the drug product.
The target compounds were chosen from the results obtained in a previously performed extractable study. The low analytical evaluation threshold (AET) required for inhalation products, and the physical/chemical properties of the drug product itself made the method development and validation particularly challenging.
One of the greatest difficulties was the volatility of the drug product. During the storage, especially at the higher temperature, some of the containers leaked and were found empty. The analytical sampling had to be carefully done while chilling the drug container and the pipetting equipment to avoid unwanted “dripping” and loss of liquid from the tips. This volatility also created challenges in obtaining accurate spikes for the recovery studies.
During the LC-MS validation, the data acquisition included both positive and negative (APCI) modes to ensure no analyte was missed, thus increasing the analysis and data processing times. Some linearity issues were encountered, for example with Irganox 1076, causing a reduction of the available linear range. Finally, common to all the analytes of interest, was the difficulty of achieving the desired sensitivity due to the technical limitations of the instrument combined with the low required detection limits.
The GC-MS method development and validation were greatly affected by the volatility of the drug product. For example, the drug product could not be directly injected from an autosampler vial, since it was evaporating in the syringe. In order to be able to use autosampler vials, the drug product was diluted 50:50 with a suitable solvent. This introduced a 1:2 dilution factor, affecting the sensitivity and resulted in the screening of several solvents to insure they did not exhibit any coeluting impurities that could interfere with the analysis and had the desired properties. Volatility was also an issue for the Head Space (HS) GC-MS analysis, where greater care was necessary during the sample preparation to insure all the vials were properly sealed. Interestingly, variability of performances (peak separation and shape) was observed between different column manufacturers, thus practically restricting the choice of viable columns. Finally, in order to achieve the desired sensitivity, all the GC-MS analyses had to be completed both in SCAN and SIM modes (for quantitation), causing lengthy analysis and data processing times.
The greatest difficulty in the ICP-MS method development was the immiscibility of the drug product with water. In order to properly spike and perform the recovery study, methanol was chosen as the spiking solvent, where the elements of interest were dissolved. After spiking of the drug product, a quick extraction into water by manual shaking was performed for the analysis. The use of methanol, even in trace amounts, caused extremely high mercury recoveries. This was solved by limiting the amount of methanol used for the spikes, and by preparing spiking solutions with different concentrations of the elements of interest.
The results of the first 6 months of analyses indicated that in general more leachables were present in the drug products stored at higher temperature and humidity, and in the inverted bottles with respect to the upright containers. The amount of leachables was increasing for all the components until the 3 months data point, at which the concentration of some leachables appeared to level off (for example, dodecane and zinc), while for others it continued to increase (for example Irganox 1076 and ox-Irgafos 168). Some exception to these trends were found for the oxidized Irgafos168 which was detected only at the higher temperature storage conditions, and for Irganox 1076 (LC) and aliphatic hydrocarbons (HS-GC), for which a similar trend for the upright and inverted containers was observed.
Extractables and leachables studies are of interest for both the pharmaceutical and consumers product industries. Data obtained can be used to monitor how a material change over different lots, and over time and different manufacturers/suppliers, thus ensuring the final product safety for the consumers. Leachables studies for inhalation drug products pose a challenge for their method development and validation, due to the inherently low AET. In addition, the nature of the drug itself can affect the method development, requiring some creative solutions to obtain methods with the desired performances.
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Give us a call and speak with an actual scientist. | <urn:uuid:53b1b35b-16b9-42f6-820b-ba616b87d3d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.impactanalytical.com/whitepapers/extractables-and-leachables-case-studies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.955647 | 1,566 | 1.796875 | 2 |
The ‘do nots’ of pregnancy
Pregnancy is full of things not to do, but just remember, it’s only 9 months!
Sometimes pregnancy can feel like one long, boring list of things you can’t do - but let’s face it, it’s only for nine months, and your baby will benefit in the long run. So here’s a quick list of the things you need to dodge for a while.
The jury’s out on booze, so the Department of Health recommends you avoid it altogether. If you do opt to have a drink, it recommends you stick to one or two units of alcohol once or twice a week to minimise the risk to your baby.
Cigarettes can do babies a lot of harm, increasing the risk of stillbirth, cot death, asthma and other lifelong diseases. But the good news is, it’s never too late to stop, nicotine replacement therapy is safe and there are great services to help you stop. Second hand (passive) smoke can affect you and your baby. It’s highly toxic and more than 80% of second hand smoke is invisible and doesn’t smell. So if there’s a smoker in your home encourage them to give up and get support if they need it. Talking to them about how their smoking affects you and your baby may help them to quit smoking for you and your baby’s sake, if not theirs – and at the very least have a smoke-free home.
Do touch the animals
Most animals are fine, just avoid pigs and sheep, and try not to touch the cat litter tray – what a great job to delegate for a while!
Foods to forgo
Quite a few things are off the menu, from soft cheese to pate, but the good news is chocolate is fine!
Don’t eat for two
The truth is ‘eating for two’ in pregnancy is a myth and you don’t need many extra calories. In fact you don’t need any extra calories right up until the third trimester, when you start needing an extra 200 calories a day.
Avoid extreme heat
Thanks to hormonal changes and extra blood supply to the skin, many mums-to-be feel constantly warm - flinging open windows, while shivering friends pull on another layer. It’s easy to overheat, get dehydrated and feel faint though, so avoid hot baths, take it easy exercising and keep cool.
Check your meds
The only way to know which medicines are safe is to speak to your doctor/pharmacist or midwife.
Use natural remedies with caution
Natural medicine and complementary therapies can offer great comfort during pregnancy, but many natural remedies are powerful and could be harmful if not used carefully and if they aren’t products specific to pregnancy, so chat to your midwife or doctor before trying any out. | <urn:uuid:3e9d41ab-3636-48c2-b8f4-99e10d7f1abd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bounty.com/pregnancy-and-birth/diet-and-health-in-pregnancy/health-and-wellness/the-do-nots-of-pregnancy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.922107 | 620 | 2.078125 | 2 |
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Lake Elsinore is a city in western Riverside County, California, United States. Established as a city in 1888, it is on the shore of Lake Elsinore, a natural freshwater lake about 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) in size. The city has grown from a small resort town in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to a suburban city with approximately 70,000 residents.
Carlsbad is a coastal city in the North County region of San Diego County, California, United States. The city is 87 miles (140 km) south of downtown Los Angeles and 35 miles (56 km) north of downtown San Diego and is part of the San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Carlsbad is a popular tourist destination and notable home for many businesses in the golf industry. The city's estimated 2019 population was 115,382 and the median household is over $110,000.
Riverside is a city in, and the county seat of, Riverside County, California, United States, located in the Inland Empire metropolitan area. It is named for its location beside the Santa Ana River. It is the most populous city in the Inland Empire and in Riverside County, and is located about 50 miles (80 km) east of downtown Los Angeles. It is also part of the Greater Los Angeles area. Riverside is the 58th most populous city in the United States and 12th most populous city in California. As of the 2010 Census, Riverside had a population of 303,871. Riverside was founded in the early 1870s. It is the birthplace of the California citrus industry and home of the Mission Inn, the largest Mission Revival Style building in the United States. It is also home to the Riverside National Cemetery. The University of California, Riverside, is located in the northeastern part of the city. The university also hosts the Riverside Sports Complex. Other attractions in Riverside include the Fox Performing Arts Center, Museum of Riverside, which houses exhibits and artifacts of local history, the California Museum of Photography, the California Citrus State Historic Park, Castle Park, and the Parent Washington Navel Orange Tree, the last of the two original navel orange trees in California.
Laguna Beach () is a seaside resort city located in southern Orange County, California, in the United States. It is known for a mild year-round climate, scenic coves, environmental preservation, and an artist community. The population in the 2010 census was 22,723. Per the population estimate in July 2019, the total population of Laguna Beach city was 22,827.Historically settled by Paleoindians, the Tongva people, and then Mexico, the location became part of the United States following the Mexican–American War. Laguna Beach was settled in the 1870s and officially founded in 1887, and in 1927 its current government was incorporated as a city. In 1944, the city adopted a council-manager form for its government. The city has remained relatively isolated from urban encroachment by its surrounding hills, limited highway access, and a dedicated greenbelt. The Laguna Beach coastline is protected by 5.88 miles (9.46 km) of state marine reserve and an additional 1.21 miles (1.95 km) of state conservation area.Tourism is the primary industry with an estimated six million people visiting the community annually. Annual large events include the Pageant of the Masters, Festival of Arts, Sawdust Art Festival, Art-A-Fair, Bluewater Music Festival, and Kelpfest. | <urn:uuid:42eb58bf-7a2f-4b60-a054-754cf69c631c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.budgettravel.com/places/usa-california-temecula | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.962227 | 761 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Like most parents, You probably try to do everything to make sure your kids succeed in school each year: Register them, pay fees, buy school supplies and new clothes, check out their new classroom, and talk with them about how much fun the upcoming school year will...
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Prodigy Math and English – FREE Math and English Skills | <urn:uuid:ca825cb5-d6b5-4c86-8742-1460f78edaa9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.howtolearn.com/tag/dr-karin-suesser/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.898701 | 198 | 1.5 | 2 |
Environmental activists protested at a German coal-fired power plant on Friday — the same day that Italy became the latest country to announce a deadline for ending its use of the heavily polluting fossil fuel.
Protesters projected images of Pacific islanders threatened by climate change onto the cooling tower of the lignite-fuelled power station in Neurath, in western Germany, along with the words “coal destroys our future.”
The visual display, organized by representatives of Pacific island nations and the environmental group Greenpeace, took place as diplomats from around the world are meeting in nearby Bonn to discuss implementing the 2015 Paris climate accord.
The German government claims to be a leader in the fight against climate change but has refused to set a date for phasing out the use of coal, which emits large amounts of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide when burned. Coal accounts for about 40 percent of Germany’s energy mix.
Several other countries, however, have set a cutoff date for coal, including Italy, which announced it will stop using coal for its national electricity needs by 2025.
Italy’s plan calls for investments of 175 billion euros ($203.5 billion) through 2030 in infrastructure, renewable energy and energy efficiency development. According to government statistics, coal provided 16 percent of Italy’s national electricity in 2015.
Italy’s new energy strategy calls for carbon emissions from energy use to decrease 39 percent by 2030 and 63 percent by 2050.
Coal has become a key issue at the Bonn climate talks. Former U.S. Vice President Al Gore told delegates there Friday that making the switch away from fossil fuels won’t be easy given the industry’s political clout, but that it makes both environmental and financial sense.
“It is insane to force taxpayers to subsidize the destruction of our civilization, and of course, the coal and gas and oil lobbies have a lot of political power,” Gore said. “They built it up over a hundred years, and they have the influence with politicians, not only in my country, but also in China, also in Japan.”
U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres told reporters Friday in New York that he will urge participants at Bonn conference to respond to the latest alarming data by further cutting emissions, helping countries respond to climate shocks and mobilizing the $100 billion promised to help developing countries.
He said recent reports send two messages: “accelerate climate action — and raise ambition.”
The 2015 Paris climate accord set a target of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) — or 2 degrees at the most — by the end of the century.
Guterres pointed to new worrying data: The World Meteorological Organization reported that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reached new highs in 2016. A U.N. Environment Program report showed that greenhouse gas levels are likely to be so elevated in 2020 that reaching Paris targets for 2030 will be very hard to meet.
Guterres warned that the window of opportunity to keep temperatures to the 2-degree target “may close in 20 years or less — and we may have only five years to bend the emissions curve toward 1.5 degrees.”
“We need at least a further 25 percent cut in emissions by 2020,” he said.
Guterres also called for greater action by governments, businesses and citizens to combat climate change, and he announced he will hold a climate summit “to mobilize political and economic energy at the highest levels” in September 2019.
Credit : Associated Press (AP) | Photo Credit : (AP) | <urn:uuid:fd854a6e-5baf-4f9b-bd0e-2cd82441abc1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newdelhitimes.com/climate-activists-stage-protest-at-german-coal-fired-plant/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.944924 | 754 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Despite having five children of their own, Colleen and Andre De Rose have opened up their home to the Bonteheuwel community, giving other people’s children a safe space to come to after school.
Empathy, understanding, care and concern are at the heart of our human-centric mission to spread joy from Africa to the world. By seeing things through others’ eyes, offering a platform for projects that nurture our communities, and celebrating everyday Capetonians embodying the true meaning of ubuntu, we encourage people to join our meaningful journey of change and compassion.
5 Compassionate Communities
Get to know five NPOs and grass-roots projects, based in different areas of Cape Town, that are providing care and assistance to people in our city, and find out how you too can get involved in projects that range from an arts-based children’s initiative and the empowerment of everyday activists to a food kitchen and free after-school care programme. Be inspired by the passionate people making a difference in our communities.
New Crossroads CAN is a community-based kitchen that Thembisa Jaxa started in response to the Covid-19 crisis.
The Justice Desk is an NPO working across our city, and beyond, impacting the lives of more than 1.4-million people in the past eight years. Its programmes empower people with knowledge around their human rights and encourage everyday activism that is community-driven.
Lalela is an NPO that provides educational arts for at-risk youth in marginalised communities, to spark creative thinking and awaken the entrepreneurial spirit. It hosts exciting after-school workshops every day, in the hours when children are most vulnerable to the many adversities faced in their communities. Its activities include educational games, meditation, music, art and more.
Deborah Day Care is a children’s daycare centre that serves the Cape Town community of Parklands and beyond. Inspired by the belief that no child should go to school without proper nutrition, Mary Ogboko and her team have been running the centre along with a feeding scheme and transportation service since 2008, for children between the ages of six months and six years. | <urn:uuid:4c9f5a48-0bf4-4eed-a68f-537c72b0db66> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.joyfromafrica.co.za/compassion | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.96031 | 452 | 1.640625 | 2 |
In the past few years, smart maintenance technologies have enabled maintenance and reliability teams to be more effective at their daily job. The ability to balance the rotors of rotating industrial equipment has become a standard work task within a lot of companies in most industries.
Smart Balancing devices guide the users step by step through the process. But in order to do so effectively, the user is required to input various parameters, that if not correctly entered can lead to the wrong results and create further damage to the machinery. Although smart, balancing can become quickly a ‘black art’ to the end-user without the proper background knowledge.
In this webinar, John Waldron and Christian Silbernagel of PRUFTECHNIK, a FLUKE Reliability company, connect the dots between theory and smart balancing and provide an insight that will help to unveil the ‘black art’. | <urn:uuid:1761bc85-b5c3-4f10-9ab9-e1e63753090f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pruftechnik.com/es-MX/Conocimiento/Mediateca/Webinars/What-happens-after-the-alignment.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.921163 | 184 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Biometrics: How Unique are You?
- Extra Reading
If people cannot identity themselves digitally then the digital society does not work.
How do biometrics help reduce crime and is it possible to have a biometric system yet not broadcast even more personal information than we do now? There are hosts of biometric systems but which ones work and which are little more than guessing?
Gresham College has offered an outstanding education to the public free of charge for over 400 years. Today, Gresham plays an important role in fostering a love of learning and a greater understanding of ourselves and the world around us. Your donation will help to widen our reach and to broaden our audience, allowing more people to benefit from a high-quality education from some of the brightest minds. | <urn:uuid:ea9891a6-72e2-4fda-940c-932f2557a172> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gresham.ac.uk/watch-now/biometrics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.947383 | 178 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Microsoft is adding Southeast Asia Azure region to its Azure Availability Zones (AZs) to better serve its cloud customers in Singapore.
Azure AZs were announced last year to provide high availability to customers within an Azure region. Microsoft calls AZs a high-availability offering to protect applications and data from datacenter failures. The Azure AZs are unique fault-tolerated physical locations within an Azure region, with an independent power, network, and cooling.
There are a number of datacenters and infrastructure in an Azure Availability Zone to support highly available and mission critical applications. For better resiliency, an Azure region consists at least three separate availability zones. Microsoft claims that its Azure Availability Zones provide 99.99% virtual machine uptime SLA.
“Not only does this strengthen our cloud capabilities to meet the needs of our customers, including both public sector as well as corporate customers, this also builds upon our extensive cloud portfolio to enable customers to design resilient applications for comprehensive business continuity and disaster recovery (BCDR) strategy,” wrote Patrik Bihammar, Cloud & Enterprise Lead, Microsoft Singapore, in a blog post.
There is a total of 54 Azure regions available in 140 countries to offer the scale required to bring users closer to the applications in cloud and datacenter.
Earlier this month, the tech giant had added a new feature called Azure Site Recovery (ASR) to the Azure Availability Zones. The ASR allows customers to replicate zone-pinned virtual machines to other regions within a geographical cluster.
Image source: Microsoft | <urn:uuid:2e6c40da-acff-425a-bc18-c4cd60571dec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dailyhostnews.com/azure-availability-zone-in-southeast-asia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.903327 | 321 | 1.53125 | 2 |
The citizens of Otavalo valley. Useful Indians
More than five centuries lasted when the citizens of Otavalo valley that had been situated near the foot of volcano Imbabura are still ‘useful’. They spin wool into yearn and put threads in the sophisticated patterns so as to sell the crafts at the weekly fair. At the weekends it is especially overcrowded in the modern city market. With the first sunrays the traders put lots in all the central part of the city. They knit, spin, and braid not getting shy under the glances of the curious passers-by. Nearby the product market is working. Indians bring to sell the lush greenery, fruits gathered the day before, grain, yoghurt, oil, honey, and cookery. After having heated up the portable ovens, they fry meat, potato, bananas, and avocado for everybody who wants that.Photo 2.bp.blogspot.com
In the market days there are many people in Otavalo. Quite frequently the sellers come with their families. There are crowds wandering between the ranges of customers. For many foreigners it is the compulsory part of Ecuador visit to be at the fair in Otavalo. This is one of the oldest markets in South America. Today it takes seventeen city squares. People talk a lot outside the firm-land about its wildness of colors and ethnic picturesque atmosphere. One is able to buy the warm poncho, colorful shawls, a bit funny and shrill but pretty caps, socks and scarf, filled with the pictures of the native citizens of America carpets, blankets, toys, as well as the famous thin woolen fabric. There are various amulets, pictures of gods, and magical symbols on the cloth. By the way, the hats have gained a special popularity among gringo. They are made from the subtle straw, and beautiful beige colors. Their sellers run out of them to lunchtime. One is able to buy a comfortable headwear in Otavalo for 15-20 dollars. However, the gapers most often gather in the part of the market where penacho are sold. These are Indian headwear connected in the mind of foreigners with the descendants of numerous continent tribes. The merciful sellers allow to the curious people not only to hold the creatures from feather in the arms but also to take several photos.Photo rei.com
It is hard to look up from the citizens of the valley. All of them are short. The majority of them wear national clothes. The men are dressed in light or black trousers, thin poncho with muted ornament. Their heads are decorated with the caps similar to cowboy hats with the long thick and black like a crow wings braids hanging out from the headwear. The men have one braid while women opt for two. The female costume includes white blouse embedded with the bright threads, dark piece of cloth that serves as the long skirt if folded right. Another piece of fabric of the same size is put on the head. Women and girls have many-layer golden beads on the neck and red coral bracelets on the wrist. They have started to wear in such a way in the primary school not changing the taste till the old age.Photo thejigsawpuzzles.com
Nevertheless, going through the trading platforms the experienced travelers advise to look attentively to the good and salespeople. Recently at the fair the goods from China and Peru appeared pretending to be local one.
The citizens of the city not busy with the trade spend their free time at the central square. In the evening there is music, and little cafes invite guests to taste the winy chichi prepared from seven kinds of corn, try tortillas, beans, frittata, and tea with coqui frogs. In the central church there is th liturgy while in the overcrowded street cinemas the Hollywood films are demonstrated.
A bit high under the city there is a park, the conservation for condors. It was opened in the hope to create the benevolent conditions for the predatory birds that are respected so much in Ecuador. The workers of conservation park care about the birds, grow small birds and look after their safety. When birds are getting bigger, they are set free in the environment comfortable for them. Apart from the condors there are harpies, eagles, hawks, and owls. In the evening at the area of the park there are performances with the participation of condors.Photo 3.bp.blogspot.com
On the other side of Otavalo there is a unique eucalyptus park with mineral sources, narrow path, transporter bridges, and noisy waterfalls Peguche. The old Indians considered these waters as sacred and quite often came here to get power. The hippie who arrived there felt comfortable near the sources. They live there during the year playing the guitar in the evening.
Furthermore, a bit far from Otavalo in the crater of sleeping volcano there is an amazing lake. After the last ejection the mountains transformed into the hill overlooking the center of lake Kuikocha. The local shamans are still using lake as the place of cleansing. The courageous travelers are offered to go along this lake on the boat warning about the big depth of the reservoir while those who love hiking are able to go around Kuikocha for a day. Those who prefer swimming in the lake notice the incredibly warm water there. It seems it is heated by the petrified volcano. Though the locals claim that it is sleeping, they are apprehensively listening to any noises from the sides of water.Photo 3.bp.blogspot.com
Leaving the area of Otavalo one should get to the village Kotakache. People go there in search of the leather goods that are not so fashionable but well-made. Their production takes nearly several thousand people. There are bags, suitcases, jackets, hats, and boots. In the fair days the salespeople are ready to make a discount up to the half of good’s cost.
Cover photo thisbatteredsuitcase.com | <urn:uuid:4876f676-61ac-41d3-ba67-81a2d6d53bf7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.theoutlook.com.ua/article/8610/the-citizens-of-otavalo-valley-useful-indians.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.955039 | 1,248 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Saint John Chrysostom’s Story
The ambiguity and intrigue surrounding John, the great preacher (his name means “golden-mouthed”) from Antioch, are characteristic of the life of any great man in a capital city. Brought to Constantinople after a dozen years of priestly service in Syria, John found himself the reluctant victim of an imperial ruse to make him bishop in the greatest city of the empire. Ascetic, unimposing but dignified, and troubled by stomach ailments from his desert days as a monk, John became a bishop under the cloud of imperial politics.
If his body was weak, his tongue was powerful. The content of his sermons, his exegesis of Scripture, were never without a point. Sometimes the point stung the high and mighty. Some sermons lasted up to two hours.
His lifestyle at the imperial court was not appreciated by many courtiers. He offered a modest table to episcopal sycophants hanging around for imperial and ecclesiastical favors. John deplored the court protocol that accorded him precedence before the highest state officials. He would not be a kept man.
His zeal led him to decisive action. Bishops who bribed their way into office were deposed. Many of his sermons called for concrete steps to share wealth with the poor. The rich did not appreciate hearing from John that private property existed because of Adam’s fall from grace any more than married men liked to hear that they were bound to marital fidelity just as much as their wives were. When it came to justice and charity, John acknowledged no double standards.
Aloof, energetic, outspoken, especially when he became excited in the pulpit, John was a sure target for criticism and personal trouble. He was accused of gorging himself secretly on rich wines and fine foods. His faithfulness as spiritual director to the rich widow, Olympia, provoked much gossip attempting to prove him a hypocrite where wealth and chastity were concerned. His actions taken against unworthy bishops in Asia Minor were viewed by other ecclesiastics as a greedy, uncanonical extension of his authority.
Theophilus, archbishop of Alexandria, and Empress Eudoxia were determined to discredit John. Theophilus feared the growth in importance of the Bishop of Constantinople and took occasion to charge John with fostering heresy. Theophilus and other angered bishops were supported by Eudoxia. The empress resented his sermons contrasting gospel values with the excesses of imperial court life. Whether intended or not, sermons mentioning the lurid Jezebel and impious Herodias were associated with the empress, who finally did manage to have John exiled. He died in exile in 407.
REFLECTION FOR THE DAY
John Chrysostom’s preaching, by word and example, exemplifies the role of the prophet to comfort the afflicted and to afflict the comfortable. For his honesty and courage, he paid the price of a turbulent ministry as bishop, personal vilification, and exile.
Today’s readings all carry reference to the central theme of forgiveness and the importance of showing God’s mercy to others in order to receive it ourselves. In the Gospel, Jesus uses the parable of the unforgiving servant to teach of the need to always forgive our neighbour. We hear today about a man who pleads for forgiveness but is unwavering in his refusal to grant the same. This ironic tale showing the hypocrisy of society aptly presents both the power and difficulty of forgiveness. As recited in the Lord’s Prayer and detailed in the readings of today’s Mass, we are challenged to demonstrate our desire for God’s unconditional love and compassion through our practice of the Golden Rule each day. We are reminded in today’s Gospel how new life through forgiveness far outweighs the cost of any debt owed. Yet, just as the king’s remission of the servant’s debt mirrors God’s invaluable and boundless grace, we, too, must never overlook our calling and responsibility to model the same to each of our brothers and sisters in Christ. For as we will one day be judged based on our life’s body of work as testament of our faith, let us always seek to reflect Jesus’ love by modelling his forgiving mercy in both words and deeds. | <urn:uuid:1e1b98f6-c9e0-4de1-be08-72b9e95d482f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dailydoseofpositiveliving.in/2020/09/13/saint-of-the-day-september-13/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.977329 | 891 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Boiling water is big business. From Coal plants to concentrating solar power plants, all work by turning water into steam and using that steam to generate electricity.
Any improvements in the efficiency of this process can have a tremendous impact on the overall amount of energy used every day.
Now, MIT scientists have found a way to do just that with a newly developed treatment for surfaces involved in heating and evaporating water- the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and the critical heat flux (CHF).
This is a great development since there is a trade-off between the two parameters – as one improves, the other gets worse. Both the parameters are important but enhancing both the parameters is a tricky business because of this trade-off.
The research team found a way of enhancing both after years of investigation
Bioinformatics scientist Youngsup Song from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California says, “If we have lots of bubbles on the boiling surface, that means boiling is very efficient, but if we have too many bubbles on the surface, they can coalesce together, which can form a vapor film over the boiling surface.”
The vapor film introduces resistance to the heat transfer from the hot surface to the water, lowering the heat transfer efficiency and the CHF value.
So how did the researchers find the efficient and quicker boiling process?
They added a series of microscale cavities, or dents, to a surface to control the way bubbles form on that surface. This kept the bubbles effectively pinned to the locations of the cavities and prevented them from spreading out into a heat-resisting film. These microcavities were then positioned at the ideal length to optimize the entire process. | <urn:uuid:039195ef-52ea-435c-b230-3062cc97a673> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.industrytap.com/mit-engineers-find-the-most-energy-efficient-way-to-boil-water/63299 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.933031 | 347 | 3.953125 | 4 |
Fewer than two dozen residents staged a photo shoot this morning in front of subsidence in Middletown Township, Delaware County, using it as a backdrop to call once again for the shutdown of the legally permitted, highly scrutinized Mariner East 2 pipeline project. It’s important to note that there has been no definitive report to conclusively determine cause or show that work on Mariner East caused this subsidence along U.S. Route 1, where no portion of the pipeline was exposed.
The reality is that subsidence events happen often in this region and throughout the commonwealth, without impacting any number of infrastructure projects. There are rules for building infrastructure here and there are no risks when issues are remedied immediately. As added protection, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration has standards to ensure pipelines are made of high-strength steel so they do not have to rely on the ground holding them in the unlikely event of subsidence.
If you are writing about this event, please feel free to attribute the following statement to me, Kurt Knaus, spokesman for the Pennsylvania Energy Infrastructure Alliance.
“The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission has proven itself to be an effective watchdog that relies on science and engineering before rendering decisions. There has been no definitive report to conclusively determine cause in this area, and there is risk. No portion of the pipeline was exposed.”
For nearly four years, the Pennsylvania Energy Infrastructure Alliance has advocated for the safe, responsible development of critical infrastructure and boosts in economic activity.
For more information:
Kurt Knaus, Spokesman
Pennsylvania Energy Infrastructure Alliance
PEIA is a broad-based coalition of labor, agriculture, manufacturing and other business interests statewide that support private investment in pipeline and other energy infrastructure developments. | <urn:uuid:eedd7733-8815-46e0-b1dc-5ef2bd84c4aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://paallianceforenergy.com/statement-residents-stage-subsidence-photo-op/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.937948 | 416 | 1.882813 | 2 |
If you ask Michael Sam, the gay community is fumbling when it comes to conversations about race.
Sam, who made history as the first out gay man to be drafted in the NFL, will cover Attitude's May issue, and, in his interview, he discussed what it's like living in two overlapping communities: the gay community and the black community.
According to Queerty, Sam said that racism in the gay community is "terrible."
"People have told me I'm not gay enough, people have told me I'm not black enough," Sam told Attitude, according to Queerty. "I don't know what that means. You want to be accepted by other people, but you don't even accept someone just because of the color of their skin?"
"I just don't understand that at all," he continued. "How are you saying that, 'Oh, I want people to accept me because I'm gay but I don't accept you because you're black, or because you're white or because you're Asian.'"
While myths about homophobia in the black community persist, Sam said several people in the black community have been nothing but welcoming to his coming out.
"There are a lot of black, openly gay people," Sam said, Queerty reported. "A lot of people have [gay] friends, cousins, brothers, sisters. ... They have at least one openly gay person, at least it's more accepting, that's my experience. People tell me they have family members who are gay, and it doesn't freak them out and no black person ever freaked out at me, 'Oh, you're gay.' None."
Sam said there are some people who are bigoted for religious reasons, but that affects more than just black communities. "That's everywhere," he said. "Ted Cruz is pretty much anti-gay."
Sam's comments echo a much larger conversation happening around racism in the gay community. In January, the hashtag #TweetLikeAWhiteGay flooded Twitter with sentiments from gay men of color and others who wanted to talk about the often explicit racism practiced by white gay men. On Monday, queer black rapper Mykki Blanco started a tweet storm by calling out gay media for favoring white models and subjects over people of color. People on Twitter responded with #GayMediaSoWhite.
A quick glance at the internet will prove that racism, sexism and homophobia exist everywhere, and not only in certain communities. However, stereotypes about homophobia in the black community and the progressivism of the gay community actually harm progress. Recognizing racism is the first step to dismantling it — so we hope you're picking up what Sam is putting down. | <urn:uuid:5dcad3d6-9447-4347-af55-4c39eb0e0f61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mic.com/articles/139532/michael-sam-experienced-more-racism-in-gay-community-than-homophobia-in-black-community | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.982104 | 551 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Climate Change Gender Action Plans
Strengthened national commitments to gender-responsive climate action
Climate Change Gender Action Plans (ccGAPs) build on a country’s national development and climate change policy or strategy, and identify gender-specific issues in each priority sector. The participatory, multi-stakeholder methodology includes creating action plans to enhance mitigation and resilience for women and men throughout the country.
Over the last decade, more than two dozen countries, local authorities and regional bodies have worked with IUCN to employ its ccGAP methodology. Diverse ccGAPs inform:
- Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs);
- Cross-sector partnerships, programming and projects;
- Donor modalities and investments;
- Training and capacity building agendas; and
- Local governance and international leadership.
The ccGAP process presents opportunities to build new knowledge and capacities, including through the development of gender analyses for each nationally designated priority sector. It also provides dedicated space to identify and strengthen enabling conditions, such as policy synergy and coordination bodies. Search ccGAPs by region below, or contact us to learn if your country has a ccGAP or to explore developing one.
The Art of Implementation
See the methodology.
Having developed the world’s first gender-responsive national strategies and roadmaps on climate change, IUCN has published its ccGAP methodology and approach, containing ccGAPs from around the world, detailed case studies, roadmaps and more. As the title suggests, implementation of international agreements in individual countries is an art, not a science. There are diverse factors and challenges at play, including political will, adequate finance, and complex governance arrangements. The art of implementation is a journey toward the realisation of important ideas, a bridging of the gap between our aspirations and our achievements, and a continuous learning curve. | <urn:uuid:462a48a7-c9bc-4923-b793-39e2afa3ef40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://genderandenvironment.org/agent/agent-tech-support/ccgaps/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.903466 | 394 | 2.75 | 3 |
- Friday, 23 July 2021 10:14
The United Nations has declared 25 July as World Drowning Prevention Day, with the aim of increasing water safety awareness and highlighting the issue.
Steve McGreavy, Children and Young Persons Risk Reduction Watch Manager at AF&RS, said: “As a Service we provide water safety rescue services to our communities, we have boats, rafts, underwater cameras and much more equipment available to ensure we are prepared to rescue those who come into difficulty in the water.
“We’re working hard to provide safety advice to local residents, families and visitors to reduce the number of water related incidents we see in our area. Sadly we continue to see many incidents that could have been avoided if the advice was followed correctly.
“We are under no illusions; we know people enjoy swimming in beautiful wild water spots in our area. This summer, we’re urging swimmers and those relaxing around the water to read our water safety advice before visiting the area, and remind themselves what to do in an emergency to ensure we can respond as quickly as possible.
Anyone can drown, but no one should.
Here’s our safety advice for staying safe while relaxing in or around the water this summer:
• Even in the height of summer, the waters in England remain cold enough to induce cold water shock, the body’s involuntary response to being suddenly immersed into cold water. It can cause you to gasp for breath, inhale water and cause panic.
• Hidden currents can make it difficult to swim back to shore, even for the strongest swimmers.
• We recommend that you never swim alone. If you do decide to go by yourself, always tell somebody where you’re going.
• Water conditions can change quickly, weather can cause the ground to become unstable or increase water currents, which can be fatal.
• From rocks to rubbish, there are many dangerous materials that may be lurking beneath the water. When swimming, it can be hard to see what lies beneath.
• Remote locations may seem like the perfect spot for a swim, but these locations can be hard for Emergency Services to find in an emergency, we’d encourage you to download #What3Words to help us find you.
• Don’t drink and drown. If you fall into water after drinking, your chances of being able to get out of the water are decreased due to alcohol’s impairment of simple movements.
• If someone gets into trouble, immediately call 999. If you are near the coast ask for the coastguard, if you are inland ask for the fire service and ambulance.
• Never enter the water to try and save someone, always wait for emergency services.
The RNLI’s #FloatToLive campaign offers clear advice on what to do in the event of falling in deep water:
• Everyone who falls unexpectedly into cold water instinctively reacts through panic and tries to swim hard to reach safety. However, your best chance of staying safe is to fight this instinct and #FloatToLive.
• Lie back and keep your airways clear, push your stomach up and extend your limbs moving hands and feet to help you float.
• Try to control your breathing, once under control, call for help and if possible try making your way towards safety. | <urn:uuid:377748af-4bbd-4c94-a5bf-34477f5de8b2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.avonfire.gov.uk/all-areas/3144-af-rs-support-first-united-nations-world-drowning-prevention-day | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.951585 | 689 | 3.21875 | 3 |
GUEST BLOG: Saving Antarctica! The 30th Anniversary of the signing of the Protocol on Environmental Protection
4 October, 2021
The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was agreed in 1991 and came into force in 1998, once it had been ratified by all 26 (currently 28) Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties. Today, on the 30th anniversary of the initial signing of the Protocol (4 October), Professor Klaus Dodds, Professor of Geopolitics at Royal Holloway University of London and Honorary Fellow of British Antarctic Survey, explores the extensive and delicate negotiations that made this possible.
Thirty years ago today, 4 October, consultative parties to the Antarctic Treaty gathered in Madrid to sign the Protocol on Environmental Protection (Protocol). The then Environment Secretary, Michael Heseltine, signed the Protocol on behalf of the UK government. The Yorkshire Post noted that “Heseltine signs to save Antarctica”. The UK’s signature was as much to do with ensuring the restoration of ‘consensus’ in the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) as it was ‘saving’ Antarctica.
For at least 18 months prior to October 1991, the famed principle of consensus that informs Antarctic governance was frayed.
The source of the tension was the ill-fated Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities (CRAMRA). Between 1982-1988, the consultative parties worked under the chairmanship of the New Zealand lawyer and diplomat Chris Beeby to develop a regulatory framework. CRAMRA was seen by its proponents as anticipatory (a just in case measure) rather than seeking to fast-track mining. The UK government was a strong supporter of CRAMRA, and John Heap, the Foreign Office’s leading polar civil servant, was a tireless advocate for it.
However, this benign view of CRAMRA was not shared by everyone. Heap and others were convinced that the environmental conditions attached to CRAMRA were stricter than those found in the Protocol. The Convention (63 pages long) distinguished between prospecting, exploration and development and proposed a complex structure of regulation involving regulatory committees (composed of claimant and non-claimant states), scientific advisory committee, and Commission.
In the 1980s, there was a chorus of voices calling for the ‘greening’ of Antarctica. With their tireless media campaigning, organizations such as Greenpeace and the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition challenged the authority of the treaty parties and questioned the rationale of and for CRAMRA. The Antarctic Treaty parties found themselves under a level of public scrutiny that was unprecedented. The 1980s was truly the decade that Antarctica became globalised. In the United Nations, members of the global South took to the General Assembly to demand that their interests and wishes were considered when it came to the ‘Question of Antarctica’. Meanwhile, in 1987, Greenpeace established their World Park base at Cape Evans in the Ross Dependency. Greenpeace demanded that Antarctica be declared a ‘World Park’.
Pressure started to build – would the Antarctic Treaty parties be able to complete their negotiations and secure the entry into force of CRAMRA? Or would global pressure force a fundamental rethink?
The crisis when it came had its origins within their number. Two claimant states, Australia, and France, for their own domestic reasons, turned their backs on the CRAMRA negotiations. Led by charismatic leaders, Bob Hawke (Australia) and Michel Rocard (France), the policy U-turn was sudden and unexpected. The French government was widely thought to have been heavily influenced by the celebrated oceanographer and explorer, Jacques Cousteau. The latter was a fierce critic of CRAMRA. In May 1989, Bob Hawke declared that it would not sign CRAMRA and instead would push for a World Park or Wilderness Reserve. As the largest claimant state and mining economy, there was concern amongst industrial bodies such as Australian Mining Industry Council that any convention that placed strict rules on future mineral resource development in any part of the world should be resisted. Opposition to CRAMRA was multi-faceted: part environmental, part financial, part economic and part electoral. Hawke and others had noted the apparent success of Green Independents, who had won seats at the Tasmanian State Parliament in May 1989, and politicians around the world were only too aware of the highly mediated impact of the sinking of the Exxon Valdez in Alaska.
The rejection of CRAMRA by two original signatories and claimant states provoked a crisis. Anglo-Australian relations were harmed. Prime Minister Thatcher had been a fervent supporter of CRAMRA. The 1989 Paris meeting of the treaty parties was awkward. Consensus no longer existed. Australia, France, Italy, Belgium, and others were pushing for a world park proposal. The UK, Norway, and United States were on the defensive and accused of wanting to despoil Antarctica. Chile offered to act as honest broker. A special Antarctic Treaty Consultative Party Meeting was held in Vina del Mar in November 1990, with the goal of restoring that precious consensus. In his opening statement, John Heap noted, “What it does mean is that no Party should put any Party into an intolerable position. This requires of us all the spirit of mutual forbearance”.
Delegates at the Chile meeting were presented with three basic options: the Australia-French proposal for a new environmental convention, the New Zealand environmental protocol, and the US-UK-Norway outline for an alternative protocol. What followed was intense and rapid discussion (with plenty of informal conversation) with all parties anxious to avoid the laborious negotiations of a convention. The protocol model was appealing because it could be assembled quickly, and annexes were capable of being added and updated as necessary. The Norwegian diplomat Rolf Trolle Andersen was widely credited as hugely influential in generating a new consensual position. What emerged by the end of the Vina del Mar meetings in December 1990 was the barebones of the eventual Protocol.
It was agreed that mining should be banned but there was still debate aplenty about whether the Protocol should be reviewable, and if so for how long. But, again, there was still uncertainty about whether CRAMRA might complement an environmental protocol or whether the protocol would introduce a comprehensive ban. By early 1991, public support for CRAMRA was becoming harder to maintain. Follow-up meetings in Madrid, which were designed to hammer out the final text of the Protocol, occurred against a backdrop of near-continuous lobbying from environmental campaigners. In April 1991, the Australian government was apparently convinced the UK had finally dropped its support for CRAMRA and was now ready to embrace a permanent ban on mining. Perhaps all of this was easier because a new UK Prime Minister, John Major was in power and less obviously associated with the CRAMRA years.
The final text of the Protocol (18 pages) was not available for signature until early October 1991. The consultative parties signed it and then moved to Bonn for the next consultative party meeting to discuss knotty issues such as the implementation of the Protocol and the annexes on Environmental Impact Assessment, Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora, Waste Disposal and Waste Management, and Prevention of Marine Pollution. Parties noted the need to develop an annex on liability for the Protocol. The mining prohibition although eye-catching was only one element of the post-CRAMRA dilemma.
What do we learn from the genesis of the Protocol? The fall-out from CRAMRA revealed that Antarctica was not immune from a gamut of domestic and global pressures. The restoration of consensus required a huge investment in face-to-face diplomacy as well as a spirit of compromise. It took a further seven years for the Protocol to enter into force and even now some issues such as liability in Antarctica remain unresolved. Annex VI to the Protocol, Liability Arising from Environmental Emergencies, was adopted as a legally binding Measure (2005). It has not yet entered into force and 11 relevant parties have yet to ratify including Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea, and the US. Maybe the parties involved in the negotiation of the Protocol were also blessed with good timing; the Soviet Union was a fading geopolitical force and China was yet to exert itself on the world stage, including Antarctica.
The Protocol also re-positioned Antarctica away from a ‘continent for science’ per se. The text refers to an “Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems” that needed to be understood “as a natural reserve, devoted to peace and science”. The Protocol recognised the importance of wilderness and aesthetic values but does not seek to define them – likewise terms such as ‘associated ecosystems’ were not circumscribed by a line of latitude or even a biogeographical zone. And if you read Article 25 carefully, ending the prohibition on mining (Article 7) would almost inevitably mean looking again at CRAMRA 2.0. That should be un-thinkable, but it might not for others. | <urn:uuid:054b67a7-b63a-41a0-89a4-9f3a9d79688c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bas.ac.uk/blogpost/30thanniversaryenvironmentalprotocol/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.968339 | 1,850 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Many were shocked at the Russian President’s audacity in February this year. Since the invasion of Ukraine, there have been thousands of deaths and displacements, as well as mass destruction. This series has tracked the progression so far. Notably, throughout, Russia has largely been left to its own devices. Neither the US, nor the EU have stepped in, barring sanctions. With growing tensions between Taiwan and China, many are wondering if the same strategy will be adopted were China to take a page out of Putin’s book.
What is happening in Taiwan?
As recently as the 10th May 2022, US intelligence officials released a statement that China appeared to be preparing itself militarily for an annexation of Taiwan. Rather concerning satellite images depicting this preparation have since surfaced. More specifically, they show the Chinese military running simulations on structural models of US aircraft carriers, as well as on Japanese aircrafts. And so, the Chinese military appears to be running military drills to prepare for conflict with Taiwan’s allies, namely the US and Japan.
Mapping the conflict
One cannot understand the conflict between China and Taiwan without taking a look into the past. Ultimately, this conflict dates back to the civil war. Since the 1920s, a protracted and on-again-off-again war was waged between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), and the Nationalist Party (KMT). The end of the Second World War ultimately led to the conclusion of this war in 1949, which saw the dawn of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) with Mao Zedong at the helm. This then led the defeated Republic of China’s government to relocate to Taiwan, which was recently liberated from Japanese colonial rule as a result of the Empire’s recent loss. They were not alone. 1.2 million civilians followed from mainland China in pursuit of a democratic and religiously tolerant government.
The ensuing decades saw complications as the PRC continued to view Taiwan as part of its territory. This period increasingly saw the PRCs use of the one China policy. In 1972, President Nixon became the first US president to acknowledge this policy. Alongside Nixon, the Commonwealth made a similar commitment that year. Moreover, the wave of democratization in Africa has largely been accompanied by the newly-independent states adopting this same policy. Despite these challenges, Taiwan became a member of the World Trade Organisation in 2002, and has continued to be represented on the world stage- even if only in an observer capacity.
What is the current rhetoric?
On 23rd May 2022, US President Biden announced in a conference alongside Japanese Prime Minster Fumio Kishida, that the US would in fact intervene with military force in the case of a Chinese invasion of Taiwan. He further specified that, while the US agrees with and signed to the one China policy, it opposes any attempt to take Taiwan by force. Ultimately, in this joint press conference, the US and Japan reaffirmed their commitment to the peace and stability along the Taiwan Strait.
In response, the PRC has released a rather short, but succinct statement. More specifically, the Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin stated Beijing’s position to be one of “strong dissatisfaction” and one of “resolute opposition” to Biden’s statement. And so, tension continues to brew. Furthermore, an aggravating factor appears to be China’s position of observation. In other words, Beijing’s neutrality with regards to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, has allowed the state to learn and observe. Were China to pursue a forced reunification with Taiwan, Putin’s war with the Ukraine has presented the perfect opportunity to learn and improve any war, diplomacy, and information strategies.
What does this all mean?
It is therefore clear that Putin’s rather audacious moves with regards to the Ukraine stand to have far-reaching effects. He has shown the world that a military mission to forward his modern imperial expansionist policy is not met with NATO forces. Whiplash is restricted to economic sanctions. This could serve to plant the seed of forced- military- reunification attempts in Beijing. That being said, the US and the EU are being rather blatantly presented with the consequences of their lack of proactivity and intervention. In other words, they have just learnt their lesson. They have seen that without early intervention, there is only war and an international outcry. Threats, in Putin’s case, were not enough. This may therefore result in a much stronger and aggressive response to any Chinese misstep.
Stephanie is the Assistant Editor at the Journal of Political Risk. She has a B.A. in Politics, Philosophy, and Economics and an Honours degree in Justice and Transformation from the University of Cape Town. She is currently pursuing her MPhil in Public Law, focusing on a gendered analysis of transitional justice mechanisms. She has also contributed as a member of the research team for the South African Medical Research Council, focusing on the National Health Insurance bill. | <urn:uuid:0f5e2155-32c3-4317-896b-580201ae1728> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thefuturecaster.com/how-has-putin-shaped-attitudes-towards-china%EF%BF%BC/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.968376 | 1,028 | 2.828125 | 3 |
About Our Activities
Quizzes encourage pupils' self awareness of progress and self assessment. By taking quizzes, pupils get instant feedback on their responses. And this can help them identify areas they need to develop themselves and highlight progress for them to be proud of.
Debate is a valuable activity for students of all skill levels. Debate teaches useful skills for other academic pursuits and life more generally. Most obviously, debaters build confidence speaking in public and expressing their ideas eloquently.
Art & Craft
Arts and craft activities help instil a sense of achievement and pride in children, boosting theirself-confidence. The opportunity to create whatever a child desires helps foster creativity | <urn:uuid:00bbcaf9-cc4e-42f1-ab84-14111a91144f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://xaviersmodelsecondaryschool.org/index.php/activities-main-page/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.915177 | 145 | 3.296875 | 3 |
The function of the child in public life has modified significantly in the last two centuries. It has an exquisite chinese language ceramic collection positioned alongside Japanese prints, archaeological displays of Egyptian historical past on one side with religious statues on the other side. How art developed, from the Lascaux cave paintings to fashionable art at this time.
In addition to displaying the best of treasured African artwork objects, the museum also conducts instructional excursions and workshops and arranges tours to Africa. We have now discovered that finding out artwork by way of well-known work helps us to experiment with different techniques in addition to to open our eyes to see issues from totally different perspectives.
This ethnic heritage is honored and preserved in a collection of fascinating museums that it is best to visit together with your entire family as a result of their nice academic value. For example, yearly I pay $50 for an annual family membership to a history museum which has reciprocity agreements with virtually 300 other ASTC museums.
Setting the precedent for children’s museums, Brooklyn Children’s Museum was the first museum based particularly for youngsters in 1899. See a restored P-fifty one Mustang, the workhorse of the WWII air effort on this exhibit dedicated to the tens of millions who participated within the war to end all wars.
Not too long ago I took a visit to Peru and guess what jumped out at me in a number of the museums I visited there? The development of the building that presently hosts the museum began on 1921, directed by architect Francisco Javier de Luque. For these history buffs who love stagecoaches and the American pioneer interval, the Stagecoach Inn Museum is for you. | <urn:uuid:8a9cd6b7-4afe-4543-ac97-33cbcb894ae8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.corpsebridefansite.com/design-museum-holon.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.962575 | 338 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Part 11 - Describing Agency Needs
11.000 Scope of part.
This part prescribes policies and procedures for describing agency needs.
As used in this part-
Reconditioned means restored to the original normal operating condition by readjustments and material replacement.
Remanufactured means factory rebuilt to original specifications.
(1) Specify needs using market research in a manner designed to-
(i) Promote full and open competition (see part 6), or maximum practicable competition when using simplified acquisition procedures, with due regard to the nature of the supplies or services to be acquired; and
(ii) Only include restrictive provisions or conditions to the extent necessary to satisfy the needs of the agency or as authorized by law.
(2) To the maximum extent practicable, ensure that acquisition officials-
(i) State requirements with respect to an acquisition of supplies or services in terms of-
(A) Functions to be performed;
(B) Performance required; or
(C) Essential physical characteristics;
(ii) Define requirements in terms that enable and encourage offerors to supply commercial products or commercial services or, to the extent that commercial products suitable to meet the agency’s needs are not available, nondevelopmental items, in response to the agency solicitations;
(iii) Provide offerors of commercial products, commercial services, and nondevelopmental items an opportunity to compete in any acquisition to fill such requirements;
(iv) Require prime contractors and subcontractors at all tiers under the agency contracts to incorporate commercial products, commercial services, or nondevelopmental items as components of items supplied to the agency; and
(v) Modify requirements in appropriate cases to ensure that the requirements can be met by commercial products or commercial services or, to the extent that commercial products suitable to meet the agency’s needs are not available, nondevelopmental items.
(b) The Metric Conversion Act of 1975, as amended by the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 ( 15 U.S.C.205a, et seq.), designates the metric system of measurement as the preferred system of weights and measures for United States trade and commerce, and it requires that each agency use the metric system of measurement in its acquisitions, except to the extent that such use is impracticable or is likely to cause significant inefficiencies or loss of markets to United States firms. Requiring activities are responsible for establishing guidance implementing this policy in formulating their requirements for acquisitions.
(c) To the extent practicable and consistent with subpart 9.5, potential offerors should be given an opportunity to comment on agency requirements or to recommend application and tailoring of requirements documents and alternative approaches. Requiring agencies should apply specifications, standards, and related documents initially for guidance only, making final decisions on the application and tailoring of these documents as a product of the design and development process. Requiring agencies should not dictate detailed design solutions prematurely (see 7.101 and 7.105(a)(8)).
(i) Energy-efficient and water-efficient services and products (including products containing energy-efficient standby power devices) (subpart 23.2);
(ii) Products and services that utilize renewable energy technologies (subpart 23.2);
(iii) Products containing recovered materials (subpart 23.4);
(iv) Biobased products (subpart 23.4);
(v) Environmentally preferable products and services, including EPEAT®-registered electronic products and non-toxic or low-toxic alternatives (subpart 23.7); and
(vi) Non-ozone-depleting substances, and products and services that minimize or eliminate, when feasible, the use, release, or emission of high global warming potential hydrofluorocarbons, such as by using reclaimed instead of virgin hydrofluorocarbons (subpart 23.8).
(2) Unless an exception applies and is documented by the requiring activity, Executive agencies shall, to the maximum practicable, require the use of products and services listed in paragraph (d)(1) of this section when-
(i) Developing, reviewing, or revising Federal and military specifications, product descriptions (including commercial item descriptions) and standards;
(ii) Describing Government requirements for products and services; and
(iii) Developing source-selection factors.
(e) Some or all of the performance levels or performance specifications in a solicitation may be identified as targets rather than as fixed or minimum requirements.
(f) In accordance with section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ( 29 U.S.C. 794d), the contracting officer shall obtain from the requiring activity the requirement documents, which must identify—
(1)The needs of current and future users with disabilities to determine how–
(i)Users with disabilities will perform the functions supported by the information and communication technology (ICT);
(ii)The ICT will be developed, installed, configured and maintained to support users with disabilities;
(2)The applicable ICT accessibility standards (see subpart 39.2); and
(g) Unless the agency Chief Information Officer waives the requirement, when acquiring information technology using Internet Protocol, the requirements documents must include reference to the appropriate technical capabilities defined in the USGv6 Profile (NIST Special Publication 500-267) and the corresponding declarations of conformance defined in the USGv6 Test Program. The applicability of IPv6 to agency networks, infrastructure, and applications specific to individual acquisitions will be in accordance with the agency's Enterprise Architecture (see OMB Memorandum M-05-22 dated August 2, 2005).
(h) Agencies shall not include in a solicitation a requirement that prohibits an offeror from permitting its employees to telecommute unless the contracting officer executes a written determination in accordance with FAR 7.108(a).
Subpart 11.1 - Selecting and Developing Requirements Documents
11.101 Order of precedence for requirements documents.
(a) Agencies may select from existing requirements documents, modify or combine existing requirements documents, or create new requirements documents to meet agency needs, consistent with the following order of precedence:
(1) Documents mandated for use by law.
(2) Performance-oriented documents (e.g., a PWS or SOO). (See 2.101.)
(3) Detailed design-oriented documents.
(4) Standards, specifications and related publications issued by the Government outside the Defense or Federal series for the non-repetitive acquisition of items.
(b) In accordance with OMB Circular A-119, "Federal Participation in the Development and Use of Voluntary Consensus Standards and in Conformity Assessment Activities," and Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995, Pub. L. 104-113 ( 15 U.S.C. 272 note), agencies must use voluntary consensus standards, when they exist, in lieu of Government-unique standards, except where inconsistent with law or otherwise impractical. The private sector manages and administers voluntary consensus standards. Such standards are not mandated by law (e.g., industry standards such as ISO 9000, and IEEE 1680).
11.102 Standardization program.
Agencies shall select existing requirements documents or develop new requirements documents that meet the needs of the agency in accordance with the guidance contained in the Federal Standardization Manual, FSPM-0001; for DoD components, DoD 4120.24-M, Defense Standardization Program Policies and Procedures; and for IT standards and guidance, the Federal Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS PUBS). The Federal Standardization Manual may be obtained from the General Services Administration (see address in 11.201(d)(1)). DoD 4120.24-M may be obtained from DoD (see 11.201(d)(2) or (3)). FIPS PUBS may be obtained from the Government Publishing Office (GPO), or the Department of Commerce's National Technical Information Service (NTIS) (see address in 11.201(d)(4)).
11.103 Market acceptance.
(a) 41 U.S.C.3307(e) provides that, in accordance with agency procedures, the head of an agency may, under appropriate circumstances, require offerors to demonstrate that the items offered-
(1) Have either-
(i) Achieved commercial market acceptance; or
(ii) Been satisfactorily supplied to an agency under current or recent contracts for the same or similar requirements; and
(2) Otherwise meet the item description, specifications, or other criteria prescribed in the public notice and solicitation.
(b) Appropriate circumstances may, for example, include situations where the agency’s minimum need is for an item that has a demonstrated reliability, performance or product support record in a specified environment. Use of market acceptance is inappropriate when new or evolving items may meet the agency’s needs.
(c) In developing criteria for demonstrating that an item has achieved commercial market acceptance, the contracting officer shall ensure the criteria in the solicitation-
(1) Reflect the minimum need of the agency and are reasonably related to the demonstration of an item’s acceptability to meet the agency’s minimum need;
(2) Relate to an item’s performance and intended use, not an offeror’s capability;
(3) Are supported by market research;
(4) Include consideration of items supplied satisfactorily under recent or current Government contracts, for the same or similar items; and
(5) Consider the entire relevant commercial market, including small business concerns.
(d) Commercial market acceptance shall not be used as a sole criterion to evaluate whether an item meets the Government’s requirements.
(e) When commercial market acceptance is used, the contracting officer shall document the file to-
(1) Describe the circumstances justifying the use of commercial market acceptance criteria; and
(2) Support the specific criteria being used.
11.104 Use of brand name or equal purchase descriptions.
(a) While the use of performance specifications is preferred to encourage offerors to propose innovative solutions, the use of brand name or equal purchase descriptions may be advantageous under certain circumstances.
(b) Brand name or equal purchase descriptions must include, in addition to the brand name, a general description of those salient physical, functional, or performance characteristics of the brand name item that an "equal" item must meet to be acceptable for award. Use brand name or equal descriptions when the salient characteristics are firm requirements.
11.105 Items peculiar to one manufacturer.
Agency requirements shall not be written so as to require a particular brand name, product, or a feature of a product, peculiar to one manufacturer, thereby precluding consideration of a product manufactured by another company, unless-
(1) The particular brand name, product, or feature is essential to the Government’s requirements, and market research indicates other companies’ similar products, or products lacking the particular feature, do not meet, or cannot be modified to meet, the agency’s needs;
(i) The authority to contract without providing for full and open competition is supported by the required justifications and approvals (see 6.302-1); or
(ii) The basis for not providing for maximum practicable competition is documented in the file (see 13.106-1(b)) or justified (see 13.501) when the acquisition is awarded using simplified acquisition procedures.
(3) The documentation or justification is posted for acquisitions over $25,000. (See 5.102(a)(6).)
(b) For multiple award schedule orders, see 8.405-6.
(c) For orders under indefinite-quantity contracts, see 16.505(a)(4).
11.106 Purchase descriptions for service contracts.
In drafting purchase descriptions for service contracts, agency requiring activities shall ensure that inherently governmental functions (see subpart 7.5) are not assigned to a contractor. These purchase descriptions shall-
(a) Reserve final determination for Government officials;
(b) Require proper identification of contractor personnel who attend meetings, answer Government telephones, or work in situations where their actions could be construed as acts of Government officials unless, in the judgment of the agency, no harm can come from failing to identify themselves; and
(c) Require suitable marking of all documents or reports produced by contractors.
11.107 Solicitation provision.
(a) Insert the provision at 52.211-6, Brand Name or Equal, when brand name or equal purchase descriptions are included in a solicitation.
(b) Insert the provision at 52.211-7, Alternatives to Government-Unique Standards, in solicitations that use Government-unique standards when the agency uses the transaction-based reporting method to report its use of voluntary consensus standards to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (see OMB Circular A-119, "Federal Participation in the Development and Use of Voluntary Consensus Standards and in Conformity Assessment Activities"). Use of the provision is optional for agencies that report their use of voluntary consensus standards to the National Institute of Standards and Technology using the categorical reporting method. Agencies that manage their specifications on a contract-by-contract basis use the transaction-based method of reporting. Agencies that manage their specifications centrally use the categorical method of reporting. Agency regulations regarding specification management describe which method is used.
Subpart 11.2 - Using and Maintaining Requirements Documents
11.201 Identification and availability of specifications.
(a) Solicitations citing requirements documents listed in the General Services Administration (GSA) Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions, the DoD Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST), or other agency index shall identify each document’s approval date and the dates of any applicable amendments and revisions. Do not use general identification references, such as "the issue in effect on the date of the solicitation." Contracting offices will not normally furnish these cited documents with the solicitation, except when-
(1) The requirements document must be furnished with the solicitation to enable prospective contractors to make a competent evaluation of the solicitation;
(2) In the judgment of the contracting officer, it would be impracticable for prospective contractors to obtain the documents in reasonable time to respond to the solicitation; or
(3) A prospective contractor requests a copy of a Government promulgated requirements document.
(b) Contracting offices shall clearly identify in the solicitation any pertinent documents not listed in the GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions or ASSIST. Such documents shall be furnished with the solicitation or specific instructions shall be furnished for obtaining or examining such documents.
(c) When documents refer to other documents, such references shall–
(1) Be restricted to documents, or appropriate portions of documents, that apply in the acquisition;
(2) Cite the extent of their applicability;
(3) Not conflict with other documents and provisions of the solicitation; and
(4) Identify all applicable first tier references.
(1) The GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions, FPMR Part 101-29, may be purchased from the-
General Services Administration
Federal Supply Service Specifications
Section Suite 8100
470 East L’Enfant Plaza, SW
Washington, DC 20407
Telephone (202) 619-8925.
(2) Most unclassified Defense specifications and standards may be downloaded from the following ASSIST website:
(i) ASSIST ( https://assist.dla.mil/online/start/).
(ii) Quick Search ( http://quicksearch.dla.mil/).
(3) Documents not available from ASSIST may be ordered from the Department of Defense Single Stock Point (DoDSSP) by-
(i) Using the ASSIST Shopping Wizard ( https://assist.dla.mil/wizard/index.cfm);
(ii) Phoning the DoDSSP Customer Service Desk, (215) 697-2179, Mon-Fri, 0730 to 1600 EST; or
(iii) Ordering from DoDSSP, Building 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Telephone (215) 697-2667/2179, Facsimile (215) 697-1462.
(4) The FIPS PUBS may be obtained from-
http://www.itl.nist.gov/fipspubs/, or purchased from the-
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Telephone (202) 512-1800, Facsimile (202) 512-2250; or
National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, Telephone (703) 605-6000, Facsimile (703) 605-6900, Email: firstname.lastname@example.org.
(e) Agencies may purchase some nongovernment standards, including voluntary consensus standards, from the National Technical Information Service’s Fedworld Information Network. Agencies may also obtain nongovernment standards from the standards developing organization responsible for the preparation, publication, or maintenance of the standard, or from an authorized document reseller. The National Institute of Standards and Technology can assist agencies in identifying sources for, and content of, nongovernment standards. DoD activities may obtain from the DoDSSP those nongovernment standards, including voluntary consensus standards, adopted for use by defense activities.
11.202 Maintenance of standardization documents.
(a) Recommendations for changes to standardization documents listed in the GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions should be submitted to the-
General Services Administration Federal Supply Service Office of Acquisition Washington, DC 20406.
Agencies shall submit recommendations for changes to standardization documents listed in the DoDISS to the cognizant preparing activity.
(b) When an agency cites an existing standardization document but modifies it to meet its needs, the agency shall follow the guidance in Federal Standardization Manual and, for Defense components, DoD 4120.24-M, Defense Standardization Program Policies and Procedures.
11.203 Customer satisfaction.
Acquisition organizations shall communicate with customers to determine how well the requirements document reflects the customer’s needs and to obtain suggestions for corrective actions. Whenever practicable, the agency may provide affected industry an opportunity to comment on the requirements documents.
11.204 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.
(a) The contracting officer shall insert the provision at 52.211-1, Availability of Specifications Listed in the GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions, FPMR Part 101-29, in solicitations that cite specifications listed in the Index that are not furnished with the solicitation.
(b) The contracting officer shall insert the provision at 52.211-2, Availability of Specifications, Standards, and Data Item Descriptions Listed in the Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST), in solicitations that cite specifications listed in the ASSIST that are not furnished with the solicitation.
(c) The contracting officer shall insert a provision substantially the same as the provision at 52.211-3, Availability of Specifications Not Listed in the GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions, in solicitations that cite specifications that are not listed in the Index and are not furnished with the solicitation, but may be obtained from a designated source.
(d) The contracting officer shall insert a provision substantially the same as the provision at 52.211-4, Availability for Examination of Specifications Not Listed in the GSA Index of Federal Specifications, Standards and Commercial Item Descriptions, in solicitations that cite specifications that are not listed in the Index and are available for examination at a specified location.
Subpart 11.3 - Acceptable Material
As used in this subpart—
Postconsumer material means a material or finished product that has served its intended use and has been discarded for disposal or recovery, having completed its life as a consumer item. Postconsumer material is a part of the broader category of "recovered material." For paper and paper products, postconsumer material means "postconsumer fiber" defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as—
(1) Paper, paperboard, and fibrous materials from retail stores, office buildings, homes, and so forth, after they have passed through their end-usage as a consumer item, including: used corrugated boxes; old newspapers; old magazines; mixed waste paper; tabulating cards; and used cordage; or
(2) All paper, paperboard, and fibrous materials that enter and are collected from municipal solid waste; but not
(3) Fiber derived from printers’ over-runs, converters’ scrap, and over-issue publications.
Recovered material for paper and paper products, is defined by EPA in its Comprehensive Procurement Guideline as "recovered fiber" and means the following materials:
(4) Postconsumer fiber.
(5) Manufacturing wastes such as–
(i) Dry paper and paperboard waste generated after completion of the papermaking process (that is, those manufacturing operations up to and including the cutting and trimming of the paper machine reel into smaller rolls or rough sheets) including: envelope cuttings, bindery trimmings, and other paper and paperboard waste resulting from printing, cutting, forming, and other converting operations; bag, box, and carton manufacturing wastes; and butt rolls, mill wrappers, and rejected unused stock; and
(ii) Repulped finished paper and paperboard from obsolete inventories of paper and paperboard manufacturers, merchants, wholesalers, dealers, printers, converters, or others.
(a) Agencies must not require virgin material or supplies composed of or manufactured using virgin material unless compelled by law or regulation or unless virgin material is vital for safety or meeting performance requirements of the contract.
(1) When acquiring products other than commercial products as defined in 2.101, agencies must require offerors to identify used, reconditioned, or remanufactured supplies; or unused former Government surplus property proposed for use under the contract. These supplies or property may not be used in contract performance unless authorized by the contracting officer.
(2) When acquiring commercial products, the contracting officer must consider the customary practices in the industry for the product being acquired. The contracting officer may require offerors to provide information on used, reconditioned, or remanufactured supplies, or unused former Government surplus property proposed for use under the contract. The request for the information must be included in the solicitation, and to the maximum extent practicable must be limited to information or standards consistent with normal commercial practices.
(1) When the contracting officer needs additional information to determine whether supplies meet minimum recovered material or biobased standards stated in the solicitation, the contracting officer may require offerors to submit additional information on the recycled or biobased content or related standards. The request for the information must be included in the solicitation. When acquiring commercial products, limit the information to the maximum extent practicable to that available under normal commercial practices.
(2) For biobased products, agencies may not require, as a condition of purchase of such products, the vendor or manufacturer to provide more data than would typically be provided by other business entities offering products for sale to the agency, other than data confirming the biobased content of a product (see 7 CFR 3201.8).
11.303 Special requirements for paper.
(a) The following applies when agencies acquire paper in the United States (as defined in 23.001):
(1) Section 2(d)(ii) of Executive Order 13423, Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management, establishes a 30 percent postconsumer fiber content standards for agency paper use. Section 2(d)(ii) requires that an agency’s paper products must meet or exceed the minimum content standard.
(2) Section 2(e)(iv) of Executive Order 13514 requires acquisition of uncoated printing and writing paper containing at least 30 percent postconsumer fiber.
(b) Exceptions. If paper under paragraphs (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section containing at least 30 percent postconsumer fiber is not reasonably available, does not meet reasonable performance requirements, or is only available at an unreasonable price, then the agency must purchase-
(1) Printing and writing paper containing no less than 20 percent postconsumer fiber; or
(2) Paper, other than printing and writing paper, with the maximum practicable percentage of postconsumer fiber that is reasonably available at a reasonable price and that meets reasonable performance requirements.
11.304 Contract clause.
Insert the clause at 52.211-5, Material Requirements, in solicitations and contracts for supplies that are not commercial products.
Subpart 11.4 - Delivery or Performance Schedules
(a) The time of delivery or performance is an essential contract element and shall be clearly stated in solicitations. Contracting officers shall ensure that delivery or performance schedules are realistic and meet the requirements of the acquisition. Schedules that are unnecessarily short or difficult to attain-
(1) Tend to restrict competition,
(2) Are inconsistent with small business policies, and
(3) May result in higher contract prices.
(b) Solicitations shall, except when clearly unnecessary, inform bidders or offerors of the basis on which their bids or proposals will be evaluated with respect to time of delivery or performance.
(c) If timely delivery or performance is unusually important to the Government, liquidated damages clauses may be used (see subpart 11.5).
11.402 Factors to consider in establishing schedules.
(a) Supplies or services. When establishing a contract delivery or performance schedule, consideration shall be given to applicable factors such as the-
(1) Urgency of need;
(2) Industry practices;
(3) Market conditions;
(4) Transportation time;
(5) Production time;
(6) Capabilities of small business concerns;
(7) Administrative time for obtaining and evaluating offers and for awarding contracts;
(8) Time for contractors to comply with any conditions precedent to contract performance; and
(9) Time for the Government to perform its obligations under the contract; e.g., furnishing Government property.
(b) Construction. When scheduling the time for completion of a construction contract, the contracting officer shall consider applicable factors such as the-
(1) Nature and complexity of the project;
(2) Construction seasons involved;
(3) Required completion date;
(4) Availability of materials and equipment;
(5) Capacity of the contractor to perform; and
(6) Use of multiple completion dates. (In any given contract, separate completion dates may be established for separable items of work. When multiple completion dates are used, requests for extension of time must be evaluated with respect to each item, and the affected completion dates modified when appropriate.)
11.403 Supplies or services.
(a) The contracting officer may express contract delivery or performance schedules in terms of-
(1) Specific calendar dates;
(2) Specific periods from the date of the contract; i.e., from the date of award or acceptance by the Government, or from the date shown as the effective date of the contract;
(3) Specific periods from the date of receipt by the contractor of the notice of award or acceptance by the Government (including notice by receipt of contract document executed by the Government); or
(4) Specific time for delivery after receipt by the contractor of each individual order issued under the contract, as in indefinite delivery type contracts and GSA schedules.
(b) The time specified for contract performance should not be curtailed to the prejudice of the contractor because of delay by the Government in giving notice of award.
(c) If the delivery schedule is based on the date of the contract, the contracting officer shall mail or otherwise furnish to the contractor the contract, notice of award, acceptance of proposal, or other contract document not later than the date of the contract.
(d) If the delivery schedule is based on the date the contractor receives the notice of award, or if the delivery schedule is expressed in terms of specific calendar dates on the assumption that the notice of award will be received by a specified date, the contracting officer shall send the contract, notice of award, acceptance of proposal, or other contract document by certified mail, return receipt requested, or by any other method that will provide evidence of the date of receipt.
(e) In invitations for bids, if the delivery schedule is based on the date of the contract, and a bid offers delivery based on the date the contractor receives the contract or notice of award, the contracting officer shall evaluate the bid by adding 5 calendar days (as representing the normal time for arrival through ordinary mail). If the contract or notice of award will be transmitted electronically, (1) the solicitation shall so state; and (2) the contracting officer shall evaluate delivery schedule based on the date of contract receipt or notice of award, by adding oneworking day. (The term "working day" excludes weekends and U.S. Federal holidays.) If the offered delivery date computed with mailing or transmittal time is later than the delivery date required by the invitation for bids, the bid shall be considered nonresponsive and rejected. If award is made, the delivery date will be the number of days offered in the bid after the contractor actually receives the notice of award.
11.404 Contract clauses.
(a) Supplies or services.
(1) The contracting officer may use a time of delivery clause to set forth a required delivery schedule and to allow an offeror to propose an alternative delivery schedule. The clauses and their alternates may be used in solicitations and contracts for other than construction and architect-engineering substantially as shown, or they may be changed or new clauses written.
(2) The contracting officer may insert in solicitations and contracts other than those for construction and architect-engineering, a clause substantially the same as the clause at 52.211-8, Time of Delivery, if the Government requires delivery by a particular time and the delivery schedule is to be based on the date of the contract. If the delivery schedule is expressed in terms of specific calendar dates or specific periods and is based on an assumed date of award, the contracting officer may use the clause with its Alternate I. If the delivery schedule is expressed in terms of specific calendar dates or specific periods and is based on an assumed date the contractor will receive notice of award, the contracting officer may use the clause with its Alternate II. If the delivery schedule is to be based on the actual date the contractor receives a written notice of award, the contracting officer may use the clause with its Alternate III.
(3) The contracting officer may insert in solicitations and contracts other than those for construction and architect-engineering, a clause substantially the same as the clause at 52.211-9, Desired and Required Time of Delivery, if the Government desires delivery by a certain time but requires delivery by a specified later time, and the delivery schedule is to be based on the date of the contract. If the delivery schedule is expressed in terms of specific calendar dates or specific periods and is based on an assumed date of award, the contracting officer may use the clause with its Alternate I. If the delivery schedule is expressed in terms of specific calendar dates or specific periods and is based on an assumed date the contractor will receive notice of award, the contracting officer may use the clause with its Alternate II. If the delivery schedule is to be based on the actual date the contractor receives a written notice of award, the contracting officer may use the clause with its Alternate III.
(b) Construction. The contracting officer shall insert the clause at 52.211-10, Commencement, Prosecution, and Completion of Work, in solicitations and contracts when a fixed-price construction contract is contemplated. The clause may be changed to accommodate the issuance of orders under indefinite-delivery contracts. If the completion date is expressed as a specific calendar date, computed on the basis of the contractor receiving the notice to proceed by a certain day, the contracting officer may use the clause with its Alternate I.
Subpart 11.5 - Liquidated Damages
(a) This subpart prescribes policies and procedures for using liquidated damages clauses in solicitations and contracts for supplies, services, research and development, and construction.
(b) This subpart does not apply to liquidated damages-
(1) For subcontracting plans (see 19.705-7);
(2) Related to the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards statute (see subpart 22.3); or
(3) Related to paid sick leave for Federal contractors (see subpart 22.21).
(a) The contracting officer must consider the potential impact on pricing, competition, and contract administration before using a liquidated damages clause. Use liquidated damages clauses only when-
(1) The time of delivery or timely performance is so important that the Government may reasonably expect to suffer damage if the delivery or performance is delinquent; and
(2) The extent or amount of such damage would be difficult or impossible to estimate accurately or prove.
(b) Liquidated damages are not punitive and are not negative performance incentives (see 16.402-2). Liquidated damages are used to compensate the Government for probable damages. Therefore, the liquidated damages rate must be a reasonable forecast of just compensation for the harm that is caused by late delivery or untimely performance of the particular contract. Use a maximum amount or a maximum period for assessing liquidated damages if these limits reflect the maximum probable damage to the Government. Also, the contracting officer may use more than one liquidated damages rate when the contracting officer expects the probable damage to the Government to change over the contract period of performance.
(c) The contracting officer must take all reasonable steps to mitigate liquidated damages. If the contract contains a liquidated damages clause and the contracting officer is considering terminating the contract for default, the contracting officer should seek expeditiously to obtain performance by the contractor or terminate the contract and repurchase (see subpart 49.4). Prompt contracting officer action will prevent excessive loss to defaulting contractors and protect the interests of the Government.
(d) The head of the agency may reduce or waive the amount of liquidated damages assessed under a contract, if the Commissioner, Financial Management Service, or designee approves (see Treasury Order 145-10).
(a) Include the applicable liquidated damages clause and liquidated damages rates in solicitations when the contract will contain liquidated damages provisions.
(b) Construction contracts with liquidated damages provisions must describe the rate(s) of liquidated damages assessed per day of delay. The rate(s) should include the estimated daily cost of Government inspection and superintendence. The rate(s) should also include an amount for other expected expenses associated with delayed completion such as-
(1) Renting substitute property; or
(2) Paying additional allowance for living quarters.
11.503 Contract clauses.
(a) Use the clause at 52.211-11, Liquidated Damages-Supplies, Services, or Research and Development, in fixed-price solicitations and contracts for supplies, services, or research and development when the contracting officer determines that liquidated damages are appropriate (see 11.501(a)).
(b) Use the clause at 52.211-12, Liquidated Damages-Construction, in solicitations and contracts for construction, other than cost-plus-fixed-fee, when the contracting officer determines that liquidated damages are appropriate (see 11.501(a)). If the contract specifies more than one completion date for separate parts or stages of the work, revise paragraph (a) of the clause to state the amount of liquidated damages for delay of each separate part or stage of the work.
(c) Use the clause at 52.211-13, Time Extensions, in solicitations and contracts for construction that use the clause at 52.211-12, Liquidated Damages-Construction, when that clause has been revised as provided in paragraph (b) of this section.
Subpart 11.6 - Priorities and Allocations
11.600 Scope of subpart.
This subpart implements the Defense Priorities and Allocations System (DPAS), a Department of Commerce regulation in support of approved national defense, emergency preparedness, and energy programs (see 15 CFR part 700).
As used in this subpart-
Approved program means a program determined as necessary or appropriate for priorities and allocations support to promote the national defense by the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, or the Secretary of Homeland Security, under the authority of the Defense Production Act, the Stafford Act, and Executive Order 12919, or the Selective Service Act and related statutes and Executive Order 12742.
Delegate Agency means a Government agency authorized by delegation from the Department of Commerce to place priority ratings on contracts or orders needed to support approved programs.
National defense means programs for military and energy production or construction, military assistance to any foreign nation, stockpiling, space, and any directly related activity. Such term includes emergency preparedness activities conducted pursuant to title VI of The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5195 et seq.) and critical infrastructure protection and restoration. ( 50 U.S.C. App. § 2152).
Rated order means a prime contract, a subcontract, or a purchase order in support of an approved program issued in accordance with the provisions of the DPAS regulation (15 CFR part 700).
(a) Under Title I of the Defense Production Act of 1950 ( 50 U.S.C. App.2061, etseq.), the President is authorized to require preferential acceptance and performance of contracts and orders supporting certain approved national defense and energy programs and to allocate materials, services, and facilities in such a manner as to promote these approved programs.
(b) The President delegated the priorities and allocations authorities of the Defense Production Act in Executive Order 12919. As part of that delegation, the President designated the Secretary of Commerce to administer the DPAS. For more information, check the DPAS website at: www.bis.doc.gov/dpas.
(a) There are two levels of priority for rated orders established by the DPAS, identified by the rating symbols "DO" and "DX". All DO rated orders have equal priority with each other and take preference over unrated orders. All DX rated orders have equal priority with each other and take preference over DO rated and unrated orders (see 15 CFR 700.11). The DPAS regulation contains provisions concerning the elements of a rated order (see 15 CFR 700.12); acceptance and rejection of rated orders (see 15 CFR 700.13); preferential scheduling (see 15 CFR 700.14); extension of priority ratings (flowdown) (see 15 CFR 700.15); changes or cancellations of priority ratings and rated orders (see 15 CFR 700.16); use of rated orders (see 15 CFR 700.17); and limitations on placing rated orders (see 15 CFR 700.18).
(b) The Delegate Agencies have been given authority by the Department of Commerce to place rated orders in support of approved programs (see Schedule I of the DPAS). Other U.S. Government agencies, Canada, and foreign nations may apply for priority rating authority.
(c) Rated orders shall be placed in accordance with the provisions of the DPAS.
(d) Agency heads shall ensure compliance with the DPAS by contracting activities within their agencies.
(e) Agency heads shall provide contracting activities with specific guidance on the issuance of rated orders in support of approved agency programs, including the general limitations and jurisdictional limitations on placing rated orders (see 15 CFR 700.18 and Executive Order 12919).
(f) Contracting officers shall follow agency procedural instructions concerning the use of rated orders in support of approved agency programs.
(g) Contracting officers, contractors, or subcontractors at any tier, that experience difficulty placing rated orders, obtaining timely delivery under rated orders, locating a contractor or supplier to fill a rated order, ensuring that rated orders receive preferential treatment by contractors or suppliers, or require rating authority for items not automatically ratable under the DPAS, should promptly seek special priorities assistance in accordance with agency procedures (see 15 CFR 700.50-700.55 and 700.80).
(h) The Department of Commerce may take specific official actions (Ratings Authorizations, Directives, Letters of Understanding, Administrative Subpoenas, Demands for Information, and Inspection Authorizations) to implement or enforce the provisions of the DPAS (see 15 CFR 700.60-700.71).
(i) Contracting officers shall report promptly any violations of the DPAS in accordance with agency procedures to the Office of Strategic Industries and Economic Security, U.S. Department of Commerce, Room 3876, Washington, DC 20230, Ref: DPAS; telephone: (202) 482-3634 or fax: (202) 482-5650.
11.604 Solicitation provision and contract clause.
(a) Contracting officers shall insert the provision at 52.211-14, Notice of Priority Rating for National Defense, Emergency Preparedness, and Energy Program Use, in solicitations when the contract to be awarded will be a rated order.
(b) Contracting officers shall insert the clause at 52.211-15, Defense Priority and Allocation Requirements, in contracts that are rated orders.
Subpart 11.7 - Variation in Quantity
11.701 Supply contracts.
(a) A fixed-price supply contract may authorize Government acceptance of a variation in the quantity of items called for if the variation is caused by conditions of loading, shipping, or packing, or by allowances in manufacturing processes. Any permissible variation shall be stated as a percentage and it may be an increase, a decrease, or a combination of both; however, contracts for subsistence items may use other applicable terms of variation in quantity.
(b) There should be no standard or usual variation percentage. The overrun or underrun permitted in each contract should be based upon the normal commercial practices of a particular industry for a particular item, and the permitted percentage should be no larger than is necessary to afford a contractor reasonable protection. The permissible variation shall not exceed plus or minus 10 percent unless a different limitation is established in agency regulations. Consideration shall be given to the quantity to which the percentage variation applies. For example, when delivery will be made to multiple destinations and it is desired that the quantity variation apply to the item quantity for each destination, this requirement must be stated in the contract.
(c) Contractors are responsible for delivery of the specified quantity of items in a fixed-price contract, within allowable variations, if any. If a contractor delivers a quantity of items in excess of the contract requirements plus any allowable variation in quantity, particularly small dollar value overshipments, it results in unnecessary administrative costs to the Government in determining disposition of the excess quantity. Accordingly, the contract may include the clause at 52.211-17, Delivery of Excess Quantities, to provide that-
(1) Excess quantities of items totaling up to $250 in value may be retained without compensating the contractor; and
(2) Excess quantities of items totaling over $250 in value may, at the Government’s option, be either returned at the contractor’s expense or retained and paid for at the contract unit price.
11.702 Construction contracts.
Construction contracts may authorize a variation in estimated quantities of unit-priced items. When the variation between the estimated quantity and the actual quantity of a unit-priced item is more than plus or minus 15 percent, an equitable adjustment in the contract price shall be made upon the demand of either the Government or the contractor. The contractor may request an extension of time if the quantity variation is such as to cause an increase in the time necessary for completion. The contracting officer must receive the request in writing within 10 days from the beginning of the period of delay. However, the contracting officer may extend this time limit before the date of final settlement of the contract. The contracting officer shall ascertain the facts and make any adjustment for extending the completion date that the findings justify.
11.703 Contract clauses.
(a) The contracting officer shall insert the clause at 52.211-16, Variation in Quantity, in solicitations and contracts, if authorizing a variation in quantity in fixed-price contracts for supplies or for services that involve the furnishing of supplies.
(b) The contracting officer may insert the clause at 52.211-17, Delivery of Excess Quantities, in solicitations and contracts when a fixed-price supply contract is contemplated.
(c) The contracting officer shall insert the clause at 52.211-18, Variation in Estimated Quantity, in solicitations and contracts when a fixed-price construction contract is contemplated that authorizes a variation in the estimated quantity of unit-priced items.
Subpart 11.8 - Testing
11.801 Preaward in-use evaluation.
Supplies may be evaluated under comparable in-use conditions without a further test plan, provided offerors are so advised in the solicitation. The results of such tests or demonstrations may be used to rate the proposal, to determine technical acceptability, or otherwise to evaluate the proposal (see 15.305). | <urn:uuid:b2cd618e-31cf-4dd6-b753-11ef5d755c16> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.acquisition.gov/far/part-11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.891397 | 9,607 | 1.71875 | 2 |
China’s last large-scale power rationing was probably around 2003-2004. At that time, more than 20 provinces and municipalities in the country issued power rationing, which also had a certain impact on production at that time.
In fact, since the power shortage in 2004, we have ushered in a climax of power generation investment. As of 2019, the country’s full-caliber power generation installed capacity exceeded 2 billion kilowatts, ranking first in the world. In fact, there is no risk of power shortage. .
But I never thought that in 2021, we will start to “turn off the power supply” again, so why we, who clearly have no risk of power shortage, will “turn off the power supply”? This is a long story, in simple terms It is caused by the integration of energy structure, economic situation, environmental protection policy and other reasons.
Judging from the current situation, compared with 2004, the power shortage in China this time has caused global pain.
Why do you say that? In fact, the reason is very simple. On the one hand, under the current epidemic situation, only China is very well controlled, so global orders come to China like snow flakes.
Sudden power cuts in China have temporarily suspended production in some factories to a certain extent, causing production capacity to be affected. The relationship between market supply and demand is determined. Once production capacity cannot keep up, prices will rise.
According to agency data, China’s producer price index has seen its largest increase since 1996, which has led to an increase in export prices.
Secondly, China is also a global manufacturing plant. Many manufacturers around the world have established their foundries in China, and they also purchase a large number of components from the Chinese supply chain.
After the power cut, the production of the foundry was affected, and the suppliers were also affected. Take Apple as an example. The delivery date of the iPhone 13 this time hit a record high. Now I buy the iPhone 13 Pro and the delivery cycle is more than one month. This is a double effect. The result of the next.
Korean media also reported that due to power curtailment, China has suspended the operation of some raw material production plants, and many of the raw materials used by the Korean semiconductor industry are supplied by China, which has caused the production of Samsung, SK Hynix and other manufacturers. Also caught in a predicament.
In fact, in today’s global supply chain integration, global manufacturers are all linked. For a global manufacturing center like China, any disturbance will have a huge impact on the world. This time we accidentally sneezed. , Pulled the switch to limit the electricity, unfortunately, the whole world was in pain, and it was also deeply moved. | <urn:uuid:e9a9574c-a29a-4246-872f-7d1231efdab2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://timmalcd.top/why-does-chinas-cutting-the-switch-and-curtailing-power-cause-global-pain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.964848 | 582 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Leather is not vegan
Leather is probably one of the easiest things for a vegan to give up. It’s probably the proof that just refusing to eat animals doesn’t cover all the bases, and is part of a wider view. It’s often the first rationale for someone (vegetarian or omnivore) to consider being vegan.
Leather requires the death of an animal. Death and captivity are never in an animal’s interest. That’s the basic, most obvious claim of any veg*n.
But beyond that, it’s not a pleasant death. It’s not given by a potent toxin that causes animals to peacefully drift off. The animals are “harvested” by electrocution. There are almost no enforced standards for humane killing of animals for leather. Accidents, meaning not successfully stunning an animal before harvest, are both common and completely tolerated.
The label “genuine leather” isn’t a guarantee that a piece of clothing came from a cow, either. It’s quite possible (even likely) that it came from a dog or other, more readily-available animal. After all, animals used for leather are usually killed only for their leather and their carcasses converted to fertilizer. | <urn:uuid:f630d37b-7ed3-4c4e-b1da-7fd7275f8028> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://goodtofu.org/blog/2014/10/07/on-leather/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.946588 | 271 | 2.25 | 2 |
Noble Neighbors hosts back-to-school celebration
On Friday, Aug. 19, Noble neighbors gathered to enjoy a summer evening on the front lawn of Bethel Church. The back-to-school celebration, organized by the Noble Neighbors group, featured Euclid Beach Rocket Car rides, an ice cream social and a chalk walk. The event brought together children and families to celebrate their neighborhood and build community, and had two primary goals: to celebrate and encourage children and teens in their educational endeavors, and to reach out to families living in apartments along Noble Road.
The event successfully brought people together, with 200 frozen treats consumed, 170 Rocket Car rides enjoyed, and more than 50 sidewalk canvases created by chalk artists of all ages.
Representatives from Reaching Heights and Open Doors Academy shared information about their respective educational initiatives. Participants of Developing Alternatives for Women in New Communities (DAWN) brought sewing crafts to display and sell to the community, and brought their children and families to join the celebration. Also present were members of FutureHeights, and Cleveland Heights Fire and Police departments' community engagement and canine units. Cleveland Heights Mayor Cheryl Stephens and Council Member Carol Roe also visited.
Noble Neighbors (www.nobleneighbors.com) is a neighborhood organization that started in January 2014. The group has quickly grown in participation, activities and presence. Noble Neighbors has developed into an action team of people who want to see neighborhoods along Noble Road thrive in friendliness, beauty and safety. Noble Neighbors creates events like the back-to-school celebration to foster community and inclusiveness, and to advocate for the neighborhood.
In the words of one Noble Neighbor, Brenda May, “Noble Neighbors is all about celebrating our community. We cherish our diversity and we gladly join together to help each other thrive. The word that describes us best is—home. This is home.”
Susan Sanders is a participant in Noble Neighbors, a community group working to make the neighborhoods along Noble Road friendly, safe, attractive and welcoming for everyone. | <urn:uuid:9530d2db-43b3-419d-bde9-26741d85556c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://heightsobserver.org/read/2016/09/20/noble-neighbors-hosts-backtoschool-celebration | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.957049 | 426 | 1.523438 | 2 |
“All media are extensions of some human faculty—psychic or physical”
(Marshall McLuhan and Quentin Fiore, The Medium is the Massage: An Inventory of Effects)
In my last dispatch, I referred to language as “man’s oldest technology.” It was pointed out to me (in a thoughtful comment) that, technically, language is not a technology. When I thought about it, I realized that not only is language not really a technology (it is, more accurately, a “medium”), it certainly wasn’t as old as a lot of other things humans have invented. Toolmaking, for instance, pre-dates speech-based societies by something like a million years (it’s not every day you can get your facts wrong by a million years). So how old is language? I wondered. And what exactly is it, if not a technology? When did the Homo species first move beyond grunts and shrieks to being able to utter vowels and consonants, and further, to compose complex syntactical structures and conditional phrases? For answers I consulted Steven Roger Fischer’s A History of Language (London: Reaktion Books Ltd., 1999, pp. 35-60).
Language is an Extension of the Larynx
Fischer explains that the way we know when homonids first began speaking is by their migratory movements, “because they had elaborated, through rudimentary speech, a higher degree of social organization which enabled group migration” (Fischer, p. 38). Before that could happen, they had to develop the anatomical capabilities necessary to forming articulate utterances. Fischer describes it as the stage at which the larynx dropped in the throat (something that even today only happens in humans after about one to one and a half years of age) (Fischer, pp. 37 & 39). Fischer’s forays into the histories of talking apes are a prelude to the Afro-Asiatic root from which sprang the Proto-European, West Semitic, Indo-Iranian languages, among others, that we know today.
Speech alone does not constitute language. Language, as we understand it, is semiotic—symbolic, not purely associative. In other words, we don’t need a picture of a banana to understand the idea “banana” as represented by the letters or sounds b a n a n a, or, for that matter, we don’t need a picture of a mechanical camera to understand that a smartphone can take a digital photograph.
“An indexical association—that is, a link between a physical object and a spoken or signed word like ‘banana’ or ‘keyboard’—is not symbolic, but simply associative” (Fischer, p. 45). In graphical interface design (an example is the iPhone Hipstamatic app) there is a word for this: “skeuomorphism.”
The Life after Death of Skeuomorphism
Skeuomorphism: [Greek: Skeuo “tool” +morph “shape”] An object or feature which imitates the design of a similar artifact made from another material. This definition comes from Oxford dictionaries.com. Not surprisingly, none of my “book object” dictionaries (I have a bunch) include the word “skeuomorphism.”
I was trying to find out more about Apples new iOS 7 when I first came across the word “skeumorphism” in a September 19 article called “A Eulogy for Skeuomorphism” (see Claire Evans, “A Eulogy for Skeuomorphism,” in Motherboard, June 2013; and http://www.apple.com/apple-events/june-2013). We all know what the word means and see examples of it every day but I couldn’t help but wonder how I had never heard of it before. In fact I’d just been writing about the “idea” skeuomorphism in my new book (“Looking for Marshall McLuhan in Afghanistan,” Bristol: Intellect Ltd. and Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2013, p. 106). But I’d described it like this: “The Hipstamatic app is an attempt to reclaim the loss of mechanical photography within the digital medium. The look of the app on the iPhone (with absolutely no functional value) is a virtual-mechanical camera. The “shutter” is represented by an image of a button that you press with your finger—the only “digit” left in digital.”
I thought about contacting my publisher with a last minute correction so that it wouldn’t seem like I’d missed out on the most useful word of the year. But after a while I came to see the word skeuomorphism as a kind of advertising ploy. I even took an informal survey among my noted designer friends to see if I was the only one who had never heard this word before (an architect, two graphic designers, a chair designer, an illustrator and a typography designer) and all but one, like me, had never seen the word “skeuomorphism” until recently. The one who had heard the word before was a graphic designer who remembered it from a lesson back in design school in the 80s.
At first I thought it was ironic that a new word would be dug up, popularized and brought into usage only in order to announce the obsolescence of what it describes. But it’s just a sign of our times to try and shrink the time between action and reaction so much that they seem to happen in reverse.
In the 1960s, McLuhan coined the expression The Global Village to describe the scope of change and dissemination of information in the electric age of television and radio. Today, the Global Village is on speed and smartphones are our most ubiquitous amphetamine.
Printed Images and Words on Paper (aka, books)
The permanence of the printed image has been exchanged for a transient digital image that most users never intend to preserve on paper. They are meant to be traded and communicated to others, like phone calls: photograph as transmission of information, not as material object.
We have come a long way from and back again to the words of William Henry Fox Talbot, one of the fathers of photography, who, nearly 200 years ago, said of the light images projected through the lens of a camera obscura:“How charming it would be if it were possible to cause these natural images to imprint themselves durably, and remain fixed on paper” (William Henry Fox Talbot, c.1820, in The Pencil of Nature).
There is something similar but different about the experience of looking at an image of oneself on the back of an iPhone (or any digital device) compared to holding a photograph of oneself in one’s hands. The first portrait photography was viewed as a kind of fixed mirror image. It drew analogies to the myth of Narcissus, as described by McLuhan:“Men at once become fascinated by any extension of themselves in any material other than themselves”(Marshall McLuhan inUnderstanding Media: The Extensions of Man).
We look at images of ourselves on the backs of digital devices as if looking into mirrors because the instantaneity of the moment gives over to the feeling of looking at ourselves “as we are.” I saw this among Afghan children who looked at pictures of themselves on the back of my iPhone with curiosity (and usually delight), with no expectation that the image would ever be more than the shiny frozen-in-a-second picture that seems to live inside the box.
It feels subversive to take images shot on an iPhone and hoick them out of the safety of their little black device (the digital womb) into the outside world to be printed with ink on paper. They were born, after all, to flow freely from phone to phone or across social media networks, to be taken and looked at and perhaps never looked at again—almost as ephemeral and transient at the light images cast by the camera obscura, as impermanent as reflections in a mirror.
For the first time in history we are making photography and writing on the very same tool. The affected and algorithmic images of the smartphone draw attention to the devices they are made on, and for me, at least, have opened a portal between image and text that I believe we have only just begun to explore.
October 18th, 2013
Text and PHOTOGRAPHS by Rita Leistner
This is the third installment in the series, Looking for Marshall McLuhan in Afghanistan. You can find the other two here. | <urn:uuid:070e5e19-29a1-421e-8648-b25d7c933830> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.readingthepictures.org/2013/11/rita-leistner-looking-for-marshall-mcluhan-in-afghanistan-3-the-life-after-death-of-skeuomorphism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.959029 | 1,869 | 2.890625 | 3 |
A paper cup forming machine is a kind of paper container made by mechanical processing and bonding raw paper (white cardboard) made of chemical wood pulp. YG paper bowl/cup machine is the automatic environmental machine with multi-running positions. This machine runs a whole procedure of paper-feeding, cup-fan-wall sealing, oiling, bottom-punching, heating, rolling, rimming, rounding, and tripping. It is the ideal equipment for producing drinking cups, ice-cream cups, and other food cone-shaping containers. 【Whatsapp/Wechat/Phone/Skype】+86 136 1385 6800
Parameter of Paper Cup Forming Machine:
|Mould Driving Method||Cam|
|Approximate Max. Forming Area||660 x 300 mm|
|Approx. Running Speed||15-30 Stroke/min approx. during production|
|Approx. Sheet width required for feeding||500 – 660 mm in rolls.|
|Mode of cutting arrangement||In mould automatic|
|Sheet thickness Range||0.20 – 2.0 mm|
|Material||PP, PS, PET, PVC, PLA|
|Max. Draw depth, i.e. cup length||140 mm (Could be a special design)|
|Oil Pump Motor Power||11KW, 6P|
|Sheet Feeding Motor||2.2KW|
|Max. Sheet roll diameter||800 mm|
|Heating arrangement||Top + bottom
heating with IR Ceramic Heater(120pieces, 650W)
|Temperature Controller & Thermocouple||PID K-Type|
|Type of Mould||Multi cavity 1 – 3 row.|
|Approx. Electrical Consumption||45KW/hr|
|Approximate Dimension||L3100×W1500×H2500 (mm)|
Application of Disposable Paper Cups:
Paper cups used for frozen foods are coated with wax, which can hold ice cream, jam, butter, etc. The paper cups used for hot drinks are coated with plastic, which can withstand temperatures above 90°C and can even bloom with water. The characteristics of paper cups are safety, hygiene, lightness, and convenience. It can be used in public places, restaurants, and restaurants. It is a one-time item.
Middle-Speed Paper Cup Forming Machine Features:
- A smart middle-speed paper cup forming machine is provided with advantages of high performance, high efficiency, and high quality.
- The overall steel plate machine body and oil-spraying lubrication system ensure normal and stable long-term operation of the equipment.
High Efficiency and Energy Conservation:
- Advanced high-precision cylindrical cam driving unit working with gear drive system make sure the precise working of every station.
- Bottom paper feeding is controlled by the servo tracking system and raw material paper can be saved effectively.
Foreign Technical and Made in China:
- The paper bottom heating system(Switzerland Leister)uses 2 steps of flameless heating.
- Every step in production is monitored by photocell (Japan Omron)and reported.
- The function of the machine is controlled by a human-computer interface and a PLC system.
- Manual operation can be replaced by automatic paper cup counting and a collection table with the appropriate setting.
Prospects of Paper Lunch Box Use and Production Investment:
An automatic high-speed paper cup machine mainly produces single and double-sided PE-coated paper cups (from 7 ounces to 36 ounces). This model is suitable for the production of paper cups, advertising paper cups, ice cream paper cups, coffee, cola paper cups, etc.
Investment prospects: The market demand is large, and it is adapted to the needs of social development. Paper containers will definitely ban plastic paper cups. The machine has a small footprint, low power consumption, low labor intensity, simple operation (one person can operate), less capital required for investment, and low risk. It is very suitable for family investment and entrepreneurship.
Function Details and Part of the Forming Process:
Stepless frequency conversion speed regulation (easy adjustment of production speed).
Photoelectric monitoring: automatic fault alarm and counting.
Design and manufacture molds according to customer requirements. By exchanging molds, paper cups of various specifications and sizes can be produced, realizing multiple products in one machine.
- Automatically process the printed fan-shaped paper sheet (the unfolded shape of the cup) into a paper cup shape.
- Use ultrasonic to glue the wall of the paper cup (more sanitary and environmentally friendly).
- The bottom of the paper cup uses roll paper, which is automatically fed and punched.
- Adhesion of cup body and bottom: Hot air blowing and bonding.
- Knurling: When the bottom of the paper cup is glued, a layer of marks is rolled by mechanical movement.
- Crimping: Crimping of the mouth of the paper cup.
Fully Automatic Paper Cup Making Machine Price in YG Machinery Manufacturer
Disposable paper cups have become popular all over the world, not only environmentally friendly but also more convenient to use. The disposable paper cup forming machine produced by our company has been sold to many countries such as the United States, India, Malaysia, the Philippines, etc., suitable for any public places such as restaurants, hotels, etc. Our disposable paper cup machine has two types, automatic and semi-automatic. More and more customers are consulting this equipment for investment. In addition, YG Machinery also produces wet wipe machines, glove making machines, melt-blown cloth machines, toilet paper production lines, lunch box production lines, oxygen generators, face mask making machines, balloon making machines, condom making machines, and so on. If you also want to know, please feel free to contact us.【Whatsapp/Wechat/Phone/Skype】+8613613856800 | <urn:uuid:280c5626-4eca-4fe2-b59d-24c970720c84> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yugongmachinery.com/paper-cup-forming-machine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.865284 | 1,264 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Bison released in Badlands NP to explore expanded territory
BADLANDS NP, S.D. — Our nation’s mammal, now roaming through more of the Badlands. After years of planning and multiple partnerships with agencies advocating for their return, bison now have an extra 22,000 acres to explore.
It was a bitter morning turned sweet when four, 2,000 lb. bison sprinted down the hill near Pinnacles Overlook. They return to the area for the first time since 1877. The acreage now totaling over 80,000 and shared by over 1,200 bison.
Representatives from agencies who’ve worked to see this day, say this effort will help bison across the nation and help the iconic and symbolic species continue to come back from near extinction.
“What we witnessed earlier today represents a critical part of the long-term recovery and survival of this most unbelievable and important species,” said Raymond Sauvot, National Park Service Associate Director.
The Badlands sit in the heart of the bison’s native lands. The expansion allows the herd to grow, strengthening the foundation laid out in the western side of the park.
“It’s going to be good for the health of the herd, for the genetics, it’ll be great for the health of the native mixed grass prairie which evolved with the bison on the landscape and it’s going to provide outstanding opportunities for visitors to see and learn about the bison in their natural habitat,” said Mike Pflaum, Superintendent of the Badlands National Park.
For the Native American community, the return of the bison hits a personal note.
Oglala Sioux Tribe member, Waoilon Gaddie, says the return is like redemption. The bison fought extinction, just like his ancestors.
“The buffalo are supposed to be extinct but today, the buffalo still live and so do our relatives,” said Gaddie.
Now the bison can roam and explore the area, uncharted for this new generation.
The 43 miles of fencing added around the expansion was made possible with a partnership between the National Park Foundation, the World Wildlife Fund, Defenders of Wildlife, The Nature Conservancy, Badlands Natural History Association, and the Badlands National Park Conservancy. Over $743,000 was donated with a contribution from the National Park Service Centennial Challenge fund of $475,000. | <urn:uuid:8f9f3ee6-8a58-4fdd-a2af-dbaa097c1a9d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newscenter1.tv/bison-released-in-badlands-np-to-explore-expanded-territory/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.924033 | 514 | 2.578125 | 3 |
40 is a milestone when the risk of many health conditions increases. Here are some health concerns that you may find yourself faced with in your 40s:
1) Chronic pain—the risk for arthritis, back pain and other painful conditions like tendonitis and, spondylitis, increases with age.
2) Cardiovascular disease– Blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides and homocysteine levels, our some indicators of your heart which slowly creep upward as you get older, increasing your risk for several serious medical conditions, including heart attack and stroke.
3) Diabetes is a significant health problem in and risk for type 2 diabetes (the most common form of the disease) increases with age
4) Osteoporosis—Peak bone mass (maximum bone density and strength) gradually declines in your 40s and beyond, increasing your risk for osteoporosis—bone loss that can lead to fractures and other problems. After menopause, women are at even higher risk for this condition. A healthy diet and regular weight-bearing exercise, including strength training, can help prevent osteoporosis.
5) Anxiety and depression—it’s important to take care of your mental health in your 40s. Changes in mood are a normal part of life, but extreme anxiety, loss of interest and energy, an inability to experience pleasure, withdrawal from usual activities and interactions, and apathy toward important matters is not.
6) Skin problems—adult acne, sun damage, age spots and wrinkles—often concerns for 40-somethings.
7) Sexual and reproductive health is an important part of overall health in your 40s. Common issues include sexual dysfunction (e.g., female sexual dysfunction, erectile dysfunction), sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and infections (STIs) including HIV/AIDS, and contraception.
8) Urinary incontinence, overactive bladder and digestive problems, including ulcers, are other conditions that are more common in people over the age of 40.
9) Hormonal changes including perimenopause in women is a common occurrence and brings it with both physiological changes in women and psychological. In the same way men may experience symptoms of testosterone deficiency, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, enlarged prostate) or transient erectile dysfunction.
10) Changes in vision and hearing loss are also relatively common problems for people in their 40s.
Preventive health care and screening is essential during this time to rule out any underlying health concerns or to alert oneself of the same. At Wockhardt Hospital we place a great emphasis on the value Preventive care as an important speciality as well. The service shifts the focus of health care from treating sickness to maintaining wellness and good health. The program is designed in ruling out various risk factors and diagnosing abnormalities and is designed to prevent or delay the onset of illness and disease.
Most people younger than 40 years of age are generally free from diseases that could be diagnosed by physical examination alone. In this age group, health problems usually show specific signs or symptoms that would prompt you to seek medical attention It is now recommended that medical check-ups be referred to as Periodic Health Assessments or Examinations and they be performed every five years (for adults over 18) until age 40 and every one to three years thereafter. The requirements are for more frequent evaluations for those taking prescription and medications.
The health packages at Wockhardt hospital comprise of Basic Health Check-up, Premium Health Check-up and Executive Heath check-up. All our packages have been carefully designed by a team of doctors for evaluation of haematological, lipid profile, systemic profile, cancer profile (kidney, liver, heart) and other diagnostic investigations taking into consideration common disease affecting the Indian scenario. The packages cater to specific age groups and have a battery of recommended tests to choose from. Your complete report is evaluated by our renowned and established consultants for further management. The preventive health care packages are designed encompassing a healthy lifestyle, exercise, diet and physical evaluation and doctors’ advice. Prevention is better than cure cannot be as well emphasised with health check programs at the hospital.
To know more about our health check-up packages and how you can avail the same please contact our centres at Wockhardt Hospital. | <urn:uuid:53a797b2-239c-486f-a9bc-a3b26b2de770> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://international.wockhardthospitals.com/common-health-concerns-in-your-40s/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.94676 | 880 | 2.625 | 3 |
It was just one month ago, on October 17th. We took the short train trip from Manarola to Vernazza in the Cinque Terre. It was a warm and sunny day and the main street of Vernazza was alive with visitors, taking pictures and moving from shop to shop. We stopped in one to look for a gift for a friend.
We walked down to the harbor and noticed how blue and clear the water was. We also saw, as we had many times in the past, how welcoming the residents of this village are to the many visitors they receive.
I snapped a few photos of my own:
Eight days later Vernazza and neighboring Monterosso were ravaged by floods that seemed to appear out of nowhere. Each town was buried in a devastating cover of mud and debris and nine lives were lost.
Now the herculean efforts are underway and there is an outpouring of support to these fragile villages. The residents, instead of welcoming visitors, are in for a tough winter of digging and rebuilding before the spring arrives. Here is where you can learn more: | <urn:uuid:40c126b8-1e6c-4830-b284-0208e7375b2d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://findyourselfinitaly.wordpress.com/2011/11/16/the-cinque-terre-will-be-healed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.986011 | 227 | 1.617188 | 2 |
In olden days people do not have integrated power system as we have now. They had their own standard and load items which are suitable for their power system. That time they had operating frequency range between 16.75 Hz to 133.33 Hz.
- When people think about large power generation system, they puzzled with the standard that to be adopted by them. Finally it reveals about single standard for all. They came to conclusion regarding to their issue, from the analysis and performance evaluation conducted on different standards of power system by them.
- Then they felt single standard is essential! because production of electric devices were limited by realm of power system boundary i.e., suppose a country consist of 10 different standards then 10 different manufacturing measures and processes are required for same device. This factor puts hurdles in batch production of device. It leads electric devices much more costly.
There is no strong technical reason behind 50 Hz or 60 Hz. This is not like that these values give best performance among all other available standard values of supply frequencies. But these two frequencies give good optimized performance among others. Since superior performance has been found finally these values 50 Hz and 60 Hz were picked by most of the electrical power systems.
Technical Reasons for not using Higher Frequencies
- It increases series impedance in electrical transmission system. This reduces power transfer capability so we cannot access full fruit of transmission system.
- Constant losses are directly proportional to frequency and its square, so they may increase system losses.
- Harmonics with higher frequency can carry more power and it introduces excess heat losses.
- As the frequency directly proportional to the rotating speed of alternator and it is not practical to construct very high speed gigantic alternators. Hence it is practically difficult to achieve high frequency electrical power during generation.
Problems with Lower Frequencies
Olden days they observed some issues with frequencies which are less than 40 Hz.
- Perceptible flickering in filament lamp, starting problem in arc lamp and arcing devices so they need additional devices for starting purpose and for maintaining better operation.
- Frequency is directly proportional to power hence size of lower frequency devices are quite larger than higher frequency so material involved, cost involved in manufacturing and transporting are also quite larger than that of higher frequency devices.
These are the reasons for using higher frequencies in aircraft, in ships and in similar type isolated load.
From these relations we can conclude without confusion, larger frequency reduces area of core in transformer and magnetic circuits. Devices which have bigger magnetic circuit weight more. It is needless to say weight of net system is in great concern in ship and aircraft. So there we have higher frequency devices. | <urn:uuid:c33a85c8-3dd0-4976-a896-6cd91446fe31> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.staging.electrical4u.com/why-supply-frequency-is-50-hz-or-60-hz/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.957353 | 533 | 3.328125 | 3 |
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted our day-to-day lives in ways we could never have conceived. But despite some of the challenge’s we’re experiencing, our environment appears to have benefitted, albeit temporarily.
From media reports around the world, the silver lining of broad social isolation strategies have resulted in a marked decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, especially in those areas with stringent shelter in place requirements. In Spain and Italy, greenhouse gas emissions dropped by as much as 20 per cent, and up to 25 per cent in some parts of Asia. A hole in the ozone layer, which had already begun repairing itself, has now begun doing so at an accelerated pace.
Many of you have probably seen the photos and videos online showing water in the Venice canals, typically polluted by boat and cruise ship traffic, running clear. And, with social isolation and limits on travel within Italy, air quality in the country has also improved. Between Jan. 1 and March 12, concentrations of nitrogen dioxide – produced by cars and power plants – fell immensely.
Of course, these temporary improvements to the environment have come about due to the extreme control measures enacted to avoid spread of COVID-19. In an April 6 media interview, Catherine Abreau, Executive Director of Climate Action Network Canada, pointed out that these improvements are temporary and have come about alongside the distress of many thousands of people. As she states, “we don’t want to see changes come with human suffering.” Rather, this is a time to reflect on the changes we’ve seen and to look forward to what we can do to be better stewards of our planet in the future.
April 22 is Earth Day. As we spend our days isolating from friends and loved ones, perhaps it is a good time to reflect on what we each can do, individually, to give back to our planet.
Stay safe. And have a happy Earth Day! | <urn:uuid:c5fccdff-4a84-458c-832f-fb9ebd3bfa52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cotr.bc.ca/blog/earth-day-a-time-to-reflect/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.962564 | 398 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Total Restore offers acupuncture in Manchester as part of our range of physio treatments. Acupuncture is used within physiotherapy as an integrated approach to the management of pain and inflammation. Acupuncture is a means of stimulating the body’s own healing chemicals to aid recovery and enhance rehabilitation – essentially getting better, quicker.
Acupuncture within physiotherapy is used against the background of clinical and research evidence. Traditional Chinese Medicine [TCM] is founded on the holistic concept of treatment and an acknowledgement of the body’s ability to return to its balanced state of health, given the correct stimulus to do so.
Now more and more elite athletes are combining physiotherapy with acupuncture to improve performance without the use of drugs and with few to no side effects. The many benefits of acupuncture athletes enjoy include pain relief, increased circulation, reduced inflammation, quicker recovery times from injuries and workouts and relaxation of tense muscles.
You do not need to be an athlete to benefit from acupuncture though – it’s a safe treatment that can be used effectively as part of a physio treatment plan for almost anyone. The only times acupuncture treatment could not be used is if you have a fear of needles, suffer from uncontrolled diabetes, have a pacemaker or have open wounds or a skin disorder.
What Is Acupuncture?
There are many forces within the body that require balance to achieve health and fitness; two forces that are commonly referred to are YIN [negative] and YANG [positive]. Treatment with Acupuncture is undertaken with the aim of restoring all the body systems to a state of balance (homeostasis). This is achieved by an in-depth physiotherapy assessment to determine the source of the imbalance and the correct acupuncture points required to address this imbalance and facilitate the body’s return to a state of health both physically and mentally.
The body has the ability to self-repair; the use of Acupuncture enhances the repair mechanism and enables an improved recovery time. This allows other physiotherapy treatments such as exercise, massage, muscle strengthening, pilates, and rehabilitation to achieve more effective results.
Why Choose Total Restore for Acupuncture Treatment in Manchester?
Total Restore consists of a team of highly trained physios. That means we use acupuncture as part of an overall treatment plan to get you out of pain as quickly as possible. It delivers excellent results for many of our patients and supports with getting the most from hands-on manipulation treatment by our experienced physiotherapists.
Our physio and acupuncture clinic is based in Manchester city centre – we’re in the Royal Exchange Buildings on St Ann’s Square just a short walk from Manchester Victoria or two minutes from Deansgate.
The acupuncture needle will stimulate the flow of QI [pronounced ‘chee’], which circulates in channels or meridians within the body. The QI circulates within the deeper organs of the body, from its’ initial connection to the superficial skin. Both the superficial energy and the deeper energy can be influenced by the stimulation of specific acupuncture points. If injury, disease, emotional trauma or infection occurs, the natural flow of QI within the meridians and organs may well be affected and the result is an altered flow, either a slowing or stagnation of QI causing pain and inflammation, or a deficit of QI, which may cause weakness, exhaustion and longer debilitating disease. The stimulation of relevant acupuncture points may free stagnation, reduce excess or indeed, increase QI to the specific area or organ and thus help to restore normal QI flow and balance.
It is also a means of enhancing pain modulation via the stimulation of the brain and spinal cord to produce NATURAL pain-relieving chemicals such as endorphins; this will in turn reduce pain and sensitivity of tender points. Acupuncture also results in the release of melatonin to promote sleep and serotonin to promote well-being.
The aim of acupuncture treatment? To help you become stronger, fitter and happier and enjoy an injury and pain-free active lifestyle, allowing you to conquer your personal sporting, well-being or physical goals.
At Total Restore Physiotherapy, our physiotherapists are members of the Acupuncture Association of Chartered Physiotherapists, so you know you’re in the safest of hands when you choose acupuncture with us at the heart of Manchester City Centre.
We also offer other treatments like sports physiotherapy, musculoskeletal physiotherapy -including physiotherapy for back pain, physiotherapy for arthritis, physiotherapy for neck pain, physiotherapy for whiplash and both individual and group pilates classes. We will devise the best treatment plan around your needs, so call us on 0161 833 3008 and let us help you get back to your best. | <urn:uuid:a38151d3-dd97-494b-aa4d-c01c5fc01402> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://totalrestore.co.uk/acupuncture/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.923828 | 978 | 1.640625 | 2 |
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