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Often when health and wellness are discussed it’s as if your gut, brain, behavior, and emotions are all separate. When we begin to delve into how the body functions, we can see that it can’t be further from the truth. Through looking at the vagus nerve and the stress response we can delve more deeply into how to face stress, reduce inflammation, and heal our gut. The vagus nerve (cranial nerve x) is the main nerve of the parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. This means it plays a large role in the rest and digest part of the nervous system. The vagus nerve has an important role of communication between the brain, gut, cardiovascular system, and the immune system. The nerve is located from the brainstem down through the chest and into the abdomen, where it then goes to multiple organs. The vagus nerve is a communicator. The brain sends signals to the organs of the chest and abdomen, as well as the gut and other organs to the central nervous system. The vagus nerve signals the brain to produce neurotransmitters and hormones. It coordinates the response to regulate stress reactions and also helping to keep inflammation down. It does this by having a parasympathetic relaxation response, which slows down breathing and heart rate, while stimulating digestion, promoting relaxation, and making you feel calm. To coordinate this response, the vagus nerve releases the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This means your gut, brain, behavior, and immune system are all connected. Why This Matters When we begin to understand how our bodies work, we can know how and why to treat them better. As the vagus nerve is a major role for the body, the health of this nerve is important for your brain, any inflammation, stress levels, and your immune system. When we begin an Ayurveda and Yoga practice it is about settling into your body and opening to your inner Self. If we do not access and relax our body through breathing, than our stress and immune system can become compromised. Luckily, it is in our power to work on our response to the internal and external world. When people can relax more quickly after stress they have a stronger vagus nerve activity. The strength of the vagus nerve response is known as vagal tone. Chronic inflammation has been linked to low vagal tone. A reduce vagal tone can trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (substances secreted by inflammatory cells) and can lead to an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity and stress hormones, such as cortisol, contributing to overall inflammation. Through working on strengthening our vagal tone we can have a balanced immune system, a calm body and mind, and reduced stress and inflammation. This can be hard to practice if we don’t have an understanding of how stress works in the body. The Stress Response The Autonomic nervous system (ANS), part of your peripheral nervous system (everything except the brain and spinal cord), is responsible for responding to our environment. We respond in one of two ways: either the mind-body perceives threats and initiates the flight/fight/freeze responses, or perceives safety and maintains homeostatic balance where rest, repair, and growth can happen. These two response options are part of ANS known as the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Whether you’re in a yoga class doing hip openers or being chased by a tiger, these real or imagined threats initiate the flight, fight, or freeze response, controlled by the SNS. The SNS sends stress hormones into the blood stream, causing increased heart rate, blood pressure and respiration, contraction of muscles, and depressed non-essential functions like digestion. In this perceived threatening state, our limbic system, the fear circuit of the brain, dominates. Instead of drawing on the prefrontal cortex and other areas of the brain to respond with reasoning and effective communication, social behavior becomes limited to survival strategies and we can react with aggression, withdrawal, or avoidance. Without a practice it can be easy to fall into old coping mechanisms and react to situations. In a perceived safe environment, our PNS initiates a relaxation response, which decreases heart rate, blood pressure and respiration, reduces muscles contraction, and allows repair and restore functions such as digestion to take place. This can counterbalance the SNS. We can do this by focusing on pranayama (breathing) exercises to calm down our nervous system. In this state, we can free up higher cognitive functioning and enable a more complex and flexible range of behavior. If we have deep trauma it can be hard to get to this place. However, an Ayurvedic and Yoga practice can help heal our gut, strengthen vagal tone, and allow for deeper us to calm our nervous system down. Ayurveda does this in three ways: 1) Healing the gut to treat the brain through food 2) Yoga, meditation, and pranayama (breathing exercises) 3) Abhyanga and self-massage on the abdomen to strengthen vagal tone and reduce stress. Health is not about one treatment or one pill that can help your gut, stress, or inflammation. It is a lifestyle change of being present, tapping into our breath, and treating your mind, body, and behaviors as a whole ecosystem.
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ALTERNATIVE TOURISM IN THE BIOSPHERE RESERVE OF VIZCAINO (REBIVI), MEXICO: FACING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Free (open access)
185 - 196
ANTONINA IVANOVA, EKATERINE RAMÍREZ, ANGELICA MONTAÑO, RODRIGO SERRANO
The Biosphere Reserve of Vizcaino (REBIVI) is the most extensive protected natural area in Mexico. The main economic activities are fishing, aquaculture, alternative tourism, and agriculture. The objectives of the present research are the following: a) Characterize the main alternative tourism activities in the REBIVI, b) Analyze the main impacts of climate change on the alternative tourism in the short and medium term, and c) establish measures of adaptation to these impacts. The methodology applied was: a) research in literature and web pages to locate the main tourism activities in the REBIVI, b) analyze the climate scenarios using GIS geographic information systems, d) determine the main impacts of climate change on the REBIVI, and relate them to alternative tourism activities, c) conduct consultation forums in different locations of the REBIVI to know the perception of the inhabitants on the effects of climate change on tourism resources and d) select adaptation measures and prioritize them, based on multicriteria methodology. The results show the following main threats of climate change: droughts, hurricanes, floods, and sea level rise. The scarcity of water resources can affect the maintenance of pronghorn and bighorn sheep, with relation to water availability and grazing. The recommendation is to carry out water saving programs and build small dams for pluvial water catchment. The hurricanes threaten to be more intense, which would cause change of stream channels that can affect roads and highways. We recommend not building infrastructure near these places. Waters of the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California surround the REBIVI, making it vulnerable to sea level rise. The recommendation is to move the infrastructure that is close to the coast and try to build the new tourist infrastructure away from the places prone to flooding. The main resource of attraction for alternative tourism in the REBIVI is the gray whale, for which there is no expected negative impact in general. However, pest’s proliferation with the increase in temperature could affect the whales.
alternative tourism, protected areas climate change, adaptation, Mexico
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At a town hall meeting in Texas Thursday, presidential hopeful John McCain addressed his oft-repeated remark about U.S. forces remaining in Iraq for a hundred years, clarifying that, "I was talking about American presence after the war." You know, that era when we're using our massive military presence to convince the Iraqis that maybe it'd just be easier for everyone if they sold their oil to us instead of China. McCain explained that "no American argues against our military presence in Korea or Japan or Germany or Kuwait or other places, or Turkey, because America is not receiving casualties." Well, no American except for Ron Paul and the vast Internet army that helped him consistently outraise McCain in 2007. Anyway, McCain's explained that this whole "hundred years war" thing that this juicy soundbite is really just one of those rare instances in politics where one's words are taken out of context. And with libraries of direct mail pieces and TV commercials regarding it no doubt already gathering dust in Democrats' offices, maybe he's got a point. We presume that this will be the last we hear of it. AP
DAILY. BREAKING. CELEBRITY NEWS. ALL FREE.
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Before you release a new product or feature, you need to test it. But testing can be complex and challenging. Product testing requires creativity, analytical thinking, and problem solving—all of which are easier said than done! Checking your product on specific features and notifying users when they encounter bugs is no easy feat. Testing involves several steps and takes time to complete, especially if you’re working with a large team. These tips will help you streamline the process and get more out of your next round of product testing. Read on to learn more!
Define Your Goals Before You Start Testing
Before you start testing, you should always outline your goals. Product testing is an excellent way to get feedback from your target audience, but you need to know what you want to learn from the feedback. Before you begin product testing, make sure that you have the following clear: What product you’re testing What demographic you’re testing What type of testing you’re conducting This will help you stay focused and get more out of your product testing. You’ll also be able to provide your team with a clear direction and purpose so they can better understand the process and what they’re expected to accomplish as they test.
How to Run a Remote User Test
User testing is one of the most popular types of product testing. In this type of test, you observe users while they use your product. Remote user testing is the process of observing and recording a user’s behavior as they use an application. This can be done through software or a screen-sharing platform. In order to best execute a remote user test, you’ll need the following: A plan for the test Observers/interviewers Recording/note taking software User testing is a great way to identify flaws in your product. The best approach is to test with a small sample size of users. You can choose to have one user or several users try out your product. Once the test is done, you’ll want to let your users know that they’re being observed. This will help your users conduct themselves naturally and not be self-conscious. During the test, you’ll want to observe and take notes about your user’s actions. You can even record the session if you want to get a detailed look at how your user navigated your product.
How to Run an in-house usability test
An in-house usability test is a lab-based test that you can run in-house. It’s a great option if you want to test a functional prototype or product. You’d conduct each test session with one user at a time. In-house usability tests allow your product team to interact with your product, providing them with a real-life look at how the product works. You can conduct an in-house usability test in a variety of ways. You can test your product on an existing site or app. You can also create a special site just for your test. It’s important to note that an in-house usability test is not the same as user testing. In a user test, you observe users as they use your product. In an in-house usability test, your team members actually use the product, giving them a behind-the-scenes look at how the product works.
How to run a remote usability test
A remote usability test is when you observe users as they use your product remotely through a web-based platform. You’ll want to select a platform that offers screen-share capabilities so you can see what users are doing as they use your product. A remote usability test is different from a remote user test in that it gives you insight into the user’s thought process as they use your product. You can use a remote usability test to discover a wide variety of things, like how users navigate your interface, how they enter information, and how they use specific features. You can run a remote usability test with one user or with a group of users. You can also choose to test your product in-house or remotely. In order to see results from the test, you’ll need to record the session. You can either record the session through software or with video. If you go with video, you can then upload the video to a platform like YouTube so you can easily share it with your team.
How to conduct a usability test with video
If you’re conducting a remote usability test, you can record the session with video. Using video will allow you to see what’s happening on both ends of the conversation. You can either record the session on your computer or smartphone, or you can use a video recording software. Once you’ve completed the test, you can easily upload the video to a cloud-based software like Dropbox or Google Drive, or you can add it to a shared folder on your computer. You can then share the video with your team members so they can see the session and get a better understanding of what happened during the test. Using video will help you see things like facial expressions, posture, and tone of voice, which could provide you with even more insights into your product once the test is over.
How to conduct an app usability test
An app usability test is when you test the user experience of a mobile app. You can either test an app that’s already in the market or one that’s still in development. You can conduct the test remotely through a platform like UserTesting. Alternatively, you can also conduct the test in-house by having users test the app on their devices. Testing an app is similar to testing a website, but there are a few key differences. There are more options to click on and menus to navigate. There are also a variety of screen sizes and devices to consider. You can either conduct a general test or focus on a specific section of the app. General tests will help you get a general idea of how the app works. You’ll select a few sample tasks to test and record your findings. You can also choose to test a specific section of the app, like the login or onboarding flow.
Product testing is an important part of the product development process. It allows you to get feedback from your target audience, test your product’s functionality, and identify flaws in your product. There are a variety of ways you can conduct product testing, including remote usability tests, in-house usability tests, and app usability tests. Before you start testing, make sure that you’ve outlined your goals, know what product you’re testing, and understand the type of testing you will be conducting.
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Los contagios de la viruela del mono han ido creciendo...Leer más
U.S. health authorities recommended a pause in the use of Johnson & Johnson’s Covid-19 vaccine in order to investigate rare but severe cases of blood clots, a setback to vaccination efforts racing against virus variants.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced the move Tuesday, after finding that six women between the ages of 18 and 48 years who got the vaccine had developed blood clots and one died.
The severe side effects were rare—more than 6.8 million doses of J&J’s shot have been administered in the U.S.—but health authorities said they moved quickly out of an abundance of caution.
“The fact that a pause was done, I think, is just a testament to how seriously we take safety,” said Anthony Fauci, the government’s top infectious-disease official.
The action prompted the U.S. government to suspend at its vaccination sites administration of J&J’s vaccine, a federal health official said, while some states and other authorities moved to administer other authorized shots. Some countries, meanwhile, also moved quickly to limit the shot’s use.
The U.S. government’s review may only take a few days, health authorities said. A panel of outside experts will meet Wednesday to review the matter for the CDC, while Acting FDA Commissioner Janet Woodcock indicated the agency will be able to quickly conduct its review.
At the same time, the halt comes at a dangerous time during the more than year-old pandemic, as health authorities race to vaccinate as many people as possible before variants develop that can evade the shots.
Among the biggest hurdles is overcoming hesitancy to get vaccinated, and the specter of blood clots could add to concerns about the safety of the shots. A pause in the use of the J&J vaccine could also be felt especially in areas that lacked the special freezers required to store the two-dose shots from Pfizer Inc. and its partner BioNTech SE and from Moderna Inc. Places like college campuses that have potentially transient populations have preferred the single-dose J&J vaccine.
Yet the impact could be limited, especially if J&J vaccinations are allowed to resume. The Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines have proved relatively safe so far, and those companies have been ramping up production as they gained more experience making the shots and expanded their manufacturing capabilities.
J&J’s vaccine wasn’t a big source of doses yet. Federal officials expected to allocate about 26.5 million doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines combined this week, compared with 1.5 million of J&J’s.
Combined, the three companies have delivered 245.4 million doses, and 192.3 million of these have been administered to people, according to the CDC.
President Biden played down the significance of the pause, saying the 600 million doses his administration had helped secure of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines would be sufficient to cover the eligible U.S. adult population.
“There is enough vaccine—that is basically 100% unquestionable—for every single, solitary American,” Mr. Biden told reporters Tuesday.
President Biden’s Covid-19 coordinator, Jeff Zients, said the administration was working with state and federal partners to get people who were scheduled to receive the J&J shot signed up for a Pfizer or Moderna vaccine.
Pfizer Chief Executive Albert Bourla said the company upped production of its Covid-19 vaccine and will be able to deliver 10% more doses to the U.S. by the end of May than previously agreed. In addition, Mr. Bourla said on Twitter, Pfizer will supply the full 300 million doses agreed on for the end of July two weeks early.
J&J said it knows that a small number of people who got its vaccine developed blood clots and had low levels of blood platelets. J&J said it is working with health authorities and medical experts.
The company also said it has decided to delay the rollout of its vaccine in Europe.
J&J has paused vaccinations in all ongoing clinical trials of its vaccine while it updates guidance for research investigators and study subjects. J&J had been conducting a trial testing two doses of its vaccine in adults, as well as a study in adolescents ages 12 to 17 years old.
Clots can be life-threatening, even fatal, if they choke off blood and therefore oxygen flow to the brain or heart. The type of blood clot seen in some people receiving the J&J vaccine was called a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, which can prevent blood from draining out of the brain and can lead to a hemorrhage.
In the case of J&J’s shot, six women ages 18 to 48 developed blood clots after taking the J&J vaccine, the FDA and CDC said. The clots developed six to 13 days after vaccination. The women also had in their blood low counts of platelets, which help with clotting.
Given the nature of the side effect, doctors shouldn’t use the normal course of clotting treatment, involving a drug called heparin, the FDA and CDC said. “In this setting, administration of heparin may be dangerous, and alternative treatments need to be given,” they said.
The agencies said people vaccinated with J&J’s vaccine should notify their doctor if they develop severe headache, abdominal pain, leg pain, or shortness of breath within three weeks after vaccination.
European health authorities have also seen dangerous clots emerge in a relatively small number of people taking a Covid-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca PLC and the University of Oxford. That vaccine has been available in the U.K. and in Europe, but isn’t authorized for use in the U.S.
Earlier this month, U.K. health authorities recommended against giving AstraZeneca’s shot to people under 30 years after receiving reports of rare but deadly blood clots. Countries including Canada and Germany have also restricted use.
A link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and the clotting incidents is unclear. Scientists in Germany and Norway said the vaccine may cause an autoimmune reaction that leads to clots in the brain.
Créditos: Comité científico Covid
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Describing the Tradeoffs Between Persistence and Productivity in Alfalfa
MetadataShow full item record
AbstractSubstantial plant loss is a commonly accepted phenomenon in commercial alfalfa production. Frequently less than 2% of the seeds originally sown are present in productive mature stands. Optimum yields may not be achieved if the small proportion of plants that survive do not represent the most productive individuals in the original population. We began a study in 1989 to describe the relationships between survival (persistence) and productivity in alfalfa. Sixty 5 yr-old plants were dug from a field of CUF -101 in Pinal Co. (= "Persistent population "). Field performance of progenies of these plants were compared with those of 60 greenhouse -grown CUF-101 plants (= "Random population ") in a 2-yr study in Tucson. In the second year of production spring and fall forage yield and average rate of stem elongation were significantly lower in the Persistent population than in the Random population. These data suggest that plants that are able to persist for the average life of a stand may represent a subset of the original sown population which exhibit more conservative growth patterns. This indicates that simultaneous selection for traits associated with productivity and persistence may be necessary in alfalfa breeding.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/201371
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What is an Object?¶
An "Object" in xPDO is simply an abstract, class-based representation of a row in a table in a database. In other words, a row in the table 'cars' would have an xPDO model definition of the 'cars' table, and then you would grab Collections of Objects of each car.
xPDO defines these Objects using the
Creating an Object¶
Creating objects in xPDO utilizes the "newObject" xPDO method.
Let's say we have an object defined in our model of class "Box". We want to create a new object of it:
$myBox = $xpdo->newObject('Box');
It's that simple. We can also create the Box object with some pre-filled field values:
$myBox = $xpdo->newObject('Box',array( 'width' => 5, 'height' => 12, 'color' => 'red', ));
You cannot set primary key values when using the second parameter of
newObject(). Set the primary key values using
fromArray() after creating the instance with the
newObject() and make sure you set the parameter setPrimaryKeys equal to true.
In versions prior to xPDO 2.1.1-pl, if your SQL table does not exist for the object you've created, and the object class has a defined table for that class, xPDO will automatically create the table in the database for you. In 2.1.1-pl and later versions, you must set
xPDO::OPT_AUTO_CREATE_TABLES to true to have tables created automatically. It is recommended that you create the tables for your model explicitly in a setup script rather than depending on the auto table creation features that were not optional in earlier releases of xPDO. See xPDOManager.createObjectContainer for information on explicitly creating tables from the model.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://docs.modx.org/current/en/extending-modx/xpdo/creating-objects
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I’m delighted to announce that I have been awarded an Irish Research Council (IRC) New Foundations grant for the project “Uses, reuses and abuses of the compact disc at 40: an obsolete format and/or a new opportunity for critical digital media literacy?”. This year, the New Foundations programme supported projects that aim to “to bring science (including social science) and art/design/humanities together to work on new ways of communicating scientific concepts and/or complex societal challenges for a lay audience,” and I’m pleased to say that this project was funded under this STEAM strand.
I’ll quote liberally from the proposal in lieu of a more detailed annoucement to come:
In the “Red Book” standard of 1980, Sony and Philips offered a blueprint for a high-fidelity digital audio format that transformed how we consume music: the audio compact disc (CD). The R&D effort leading to the CD was an intensive, multi-year collaboration on a high-tech consumer product that had significant economic and ecological consequences. On the fortieth anniversary of this standard, the project will stage an event for the general public featuring researchers representing the arts and sciences as well an academic-led “critical making” workshop exploring these aspects of the CD’s history.
The project as proposed will involve:
- A two-week, two-legged postdoctoral staff exchange to develop, test and implement a model for AHSS/STEM educators to co-teach a “critical making” workshop for the general public in order to explore the connection between material science and digital media literacy.
- Delivery of a hands-on workshop for 15-18 participants exploring the material properties of optical media, led by the applicant and collaborator.
- A written curriculum and open learning resources for the workshop drawing on the preparatory work and prototype sessions carried out during the research exchange phase of the project.
- An event for the general public reflecting on the diverse disciplinary contributions to the development of the CD as well as a report-back of the outcomes/outputs of the student workshop to the audience.
The exchange partner for this project is Dr Rox Middleton (University of Bristol), whose research interests encompass the role of extreme iridescience in biology, a distinctive colour phenomenon characteristic of the CD’s shiny surface that also naturally occurs in many plant and animal species. Dr Middleton also shares an interest in the public communication of science as well as a concern with understandings of “experimentation” both within and outside formal scientific laboratory settings.
I look forward to sharing more news about this project here and on my Twitter feed, as we set out the agenda for the next 12-18 months.
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<urn:uuid:3178a98a-fd56-4504-a5c5-be8fcc7609ba>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.eamonnbell.com/blog/2020/05/06/cd-at-forty/
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en
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Dr. Melissa Farmer on Pain and Emotional Learning
Welcome to the third episode of the Better Movement Podcast, featuring Dr. Melissa Farmer. Melissa has a doctorate in Clinical Psychology from McGill University, and did postdoctoral research in pain neuroscience at Northwestern University. She spent several years working at the lab of Dr. Vania Apkarian, where she helped produce a fascinating line of research about the brain’s role in chronic pain. I discussed this research in a previous blog post here, and the basic gist is this: there are differences between the brains of people with and without chronic pain, and these can be observed on MRI. Some of these differences involve increased activity in areas related to emotional learning, and these may play a causal role in the transition between acute and chronic pain.
In this podcast, we discuss this line of research as well as:
the limits of MRIs in detecting what someone is actually thinking or feeling
whether MRIs can find a neural “signature” for pain
the connection between chronic pain and emotional learning
the value of mindfulness and cognitive behavioral therapy in treating chronic pain
Melissa’s most recent project with Aivo Health, an app for helping people with chronic pain.
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<urn:uuid:fe74f389-0005-422c-a6e3-83b5bbb4db0e>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://toddhargrove.substack.com/p/dr-melissa-farmer-on-pain-and-emotional-5b8?utm_source=substack&utm_campaign=post_embed&utm_medium=web
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00264.warc.gz
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|Authoring system||AXMA Story Maker|
How It Begins
"I need your help. I mean, you're the one who is supposed to talk me out of things before I do anything stupid..."
The player is the oft-neglected voice of reason in Alice's (the Wonderland explorer's) head. She has broken her father's pocket watch and subsequently Time itself, so spending the afternoon in her room as punishment for eternity would seem to warrant breaking laws of time and space to escape and prevent everyone from starving before tea-time.
"There are other people who might be able to help us. Unfortunately, they are all mad."
- Alice Aforethought (Hanon Ondricek; 01-Oct-2017; Web browser).
- IF Comp 2017: 12th place of 79 entries.
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The History of the Limerick
Traditionally, limericks tend toward the bawdy and the tawdry. However, early in the life of the form, limericks were as benign as other forms of poetry. For example, you'll probably recognize this 1774 limerick:
Hickory Dickory Dock
A mouse ran up the clock
The clock struck one
And down he run
Hickory Dickory Dock.
Limericks began to gain their widespread popularity in the mid-to-late eighteen-hundreds with the publication of Edward Lear’s Book of Nonsense in 1845 and 1872. His verses centered on nonsensical themes and often utilized wordplay. Although they were usually printed in 3 or 4 lines to accommodate illustrations, many of his verses use the limerick rhythm and rhyme scheme we recognize today:
There was an old person whose habits Induced him to feed upon rabits
When he'd eaten eighteen he turned perfectly green
Upon which he relinquished those habits
The word limerick first came into use at the end of the nineteenth century. The Oxford English Dictionary describes the etymology of the term:
Said to be from a custom at convivial parties, according to which each member sang an extemporized ‘nonsense-verse’, which was followed by a chorus containing the words ‘Will you come up to Limerick?’
Whether you believe that story, or prefer your limericks clean or bawdy, saying and singing limericks is has become a fun past time for many.
Want to read more?
Limericks by Isaac Asimov and John Ciardi features more than 500 limericks (most of them ‘naughty’) by famous authors.
For a scholarly treatment of limericks (which contends that the limerick must be bawdy), see G. Legman’s The Limerick (now out of print, but available from Amazon).
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Content copyright © 2022 by Jordan McCollum. All rights reserved.
This content was written by Jordan McCollum. If you wish to use this content in any manner, you need written permission. Contact Karena Andrusyshyn for details.
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Here’s How Our Government Can Help People Through Coronavirus
Wednesday 25 March 2020
The coronavirus pandemic is pushing more Australians into unemployment, housing stress and poverty – and Vinnies is raising our voice alongside other charities and advocates, to ensure that the social safety net rises to catch them.
Last week we saw a significant win: following years of sustained advocacy from just about everyone in the social welfare sector, the Federal Government finally agreed to #RaiseTheRate. During the COVID-19 outbreak, the Jobseeker Payment (formerly known as Newstart), Youth Allowance, Austudy and Abstudy, and the Parenting Payment will each be boosted by $550 per fortnight.
It’s a long-overdue concession that the previous rate of income support payments was never adequate, and that no one should be expected to live on $40 per day.
At Vinnies NSW, we are celebrating what this means for the tens of thousands of people living in poverty who we help each year.
Don’t forget those left behind by the rate increase
But there is still work to be done: in this rate increase, people on the Disability Support Pension and Age Pension have been left behind, even though their health is likely to be particularly at risk during this pandemic.
And people seeking asylum, particularly those who have already lost access to financial assistance under the Status Resolution Support Services (SRSS) payment, are again left out of the picture. It’s hard enough for them to survive day-to-day with little to no income, forced to rely on charities (which are themselves feeling the strain of demand due to COVID-19). Dealing with this lack of support during the coronavirus pandemic would force many families into homelessness.
For those who are eligible for the rate increase, the additional $550 per fortnight is set to be introduced from late April, and to last for six months only. We’re already seeing hundreds of families that have run out of food and other essentials – and if these payments are later taken away, they will be left struggling again. Governments must step up now and support the provision of emergency relief so that households can continue to access the basics. And the rate must remain at a level that supports all people to live with dignity above the poverty line.
No evictions, no disconnections
Close to a million people in Australia have already lost their jobs as a result of the coronavirus. With a sudden and unexpected loss of income, many will become unable to pay their rent, mortgage and utility bills.
Alongside 100 social service providers and organisations, we are calling on all federal, state and territory governments to ensure no one is evicted from their home during this crisis.
At a time where people need to remain at a safe distance to prevent the spread of the virus, it would risk the health of millions to kick people out of their homes. And on principle, no one should ever be made homeless – least of all during a pandemic.
Putting an immediate moratorium on evictions is a vital and necessary measure that in the words of Martin Luther King Jr must be “confronted with the fierce urgency of now”.
We are also advocating behind the scenes to stop disconnections from energy and electricity for those who fall behind on their bills. We are calling on utility providers to waive penalty and late payment fees, and broaden access to hardship supports.
If you need help – or want to help
For people who are struggling during this time – we are here to assist. You can call us on 13 18 12 and know that you have not been forgotten.
If you are able to volunteer, please sign up at www.vinnies.org.au/kindnessrevolution. If you have the ability to donate, we could really use your contribution right now. Please visit www.vinnies.org.au or call 13 18 12. Thank you.
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WELCOME TO THE TRAIL
Welcome to The Trail! Each month of the HomeScouting Adventure Club for Scouts BSA will be focused on a merit badge. Below you can complete all of the requirements for the Citizenship in the Nation & American Heritage merit badges. Scouts are encouraged to find a local merit badge counselor to fully complete the merit badge. The HomeScouting Adventure Club will provide a limited number of merit badge counselors to have small group merit badge sessions during the first two weeks of the month following the subject month.
When you're ready, get started on your HomeScouting Adventure - learning about American history and earning merit badges along the way!
Looking for last month's merit badge? Click the Link Below!
Make sure to download the connected worksheet for this month's adventure!
CITIZENSHIP IN THE NATION
WHAT THE FIGHTING WAS ALL ABOUT
America certainly has changed since immigrants first settled here. Yet the government the colonists established in the late 1700s has remained intact because people believed in the basic concepts of American democracy:
The fundamental value and dignity of every individual
The right to equality before the law, without regard to the individual’s social status
The belief in majority rule and minority rights
The need for compromise
The understanding that there are limitations to the federal government’s powers; the
states and the people have more authority
As long as citizens continue to value these concepts, our government will exist. But if citizens
become complacent and take their rights and freedoms for granted, then our rights will be endangered.
Under other forms of government, people are told how to live and what to believe. In our representative republic, U.S. citizens enjoy freedom and govern themselves through elected representatives. But to experience the full expression of individual freedom, each citizen must govern himself so that his own behavior doesn’t interfere with the freedoms of others. Active citizens are aware of and grateful for their liberties and rights. They participate in their governments by voting in elections, attending public hearings, serving on juries, and paying taxes. They protect freedom, help defend our country, and stand up for individual rights on behalf of all U.S. citizens. Like the people who fought for our independence, good citizens today are patriots. As you fulfill the requirements for this merit badge, think about what you can do for your country.
…I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!” —From American statesman and orator Patrick Henry’s call to arms speech, March 23, 1775
A democracy is a form of government in which the people have the power to govern themselves. The citizens exercise their power directly or indirectly through representatives chosen in free elections. The majority rules. The Founding Fathers established a republic—with an elected president (instead of a monarch) as head of state and freely elected representatives who are responsible to the citizens and govern according to law. The Democratic and Republican political parties borrow their names from these forms of government, and both parties support democracy and the republican form of representative government.
THE FOUNDATION OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY
Most free colonists brought with them to America the expectation that they would have at least as many rights as they had in the old country. For centuries in England, British subjects—first the privileged classes and then all people—had been protected from the arbitrary (random) acts of the monarch. A monarchy is a form of government in which a hereditary ruler governs for life. In the past, the monarch claimed absolute authority. Today, a monarch reigns but often does not rule.
In 1215, English barons, tired of the Crown’s heavy-handed tactics, forced King John to sign the Magna Carta to establish that the power of the monarchy was not absolute. It set forth certain basic rights such as trial by jury and due process of law (acted out fairly and according to established rules), and protected people from the monarch taking any life, liberty, or property at will. In the 1600s, the English Parliament—a representative legislative body—insisted that the reigning monarchs sign the Petition of Right and the English Bill of Rights. These documents prevented further abuses by limiting the powers of the king and queen. For example, they could no longer:
Imprison or punish any person except by the legal judgment of his peers, or by law.
Impose martial law, or have a standing army during peacetime without the consent of Parliament.
Demand that homeowners allow the king’s troops in their home without the owners’ permission.
Make individuals pay a tax without the common consent of Parliament.
Suspend or execute laws without the consent of Parliament.
Prosecute anyone for petitioning or making a formal written request to the king.
Although the new American colonists owed allegiance to the British monarch, they believed that a government across the Atlantic Ocean should not meddle in their local affairs. Property owners voted directly in town hall meetings; they elected representatives to their assemblies or gatherings to pass laws and levy taxes. No wonder they bristled when
King George III tried to tighten his control over the 13 colonies. He imposed new
taxes, restricted trade, and insisted that British troops stationed in the colonies
should be allowed to stay in private homes.
The colonists resisted the British by refusing to purchase English products, by
refusing to pay certain taxes, and by throwing tea overboard in Boston Harbor. In
response, King George III further restricted the colonists’ rights, enacting what were
called the “Intolerable Acts.” The colonists had to make a choice: Submit to the king’s
authority as British subjects—or revolt. Colonists organized into the First Continental
Congress, a convention of delegates to resist the “Intolerable Acts.”
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
Representatives from the 13 colonies formed the Second Continental Congress and asked statesmen Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Robert R. Livingston, and Roger Sherman to write a statement of independence. Led by Jefferson, the committee drew on popular political and social theories, particularly the ideas of English philosopher John Locke and French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau. In The Social Contract, Rousseau stated that people are basically good, and that government should be run according to the will of the majority. Locke’s Two Treatises of Government explained that people are born with natural rights (life, liberty, property) and they form “states” or governments to protect those rights.
Did you know?
Fearing that the British government had a plan to abolish guaranteed liberties, Samuel Adams organized the Boston Committee of Correspondence to link all the towns in Massachusetts. Post riders (mail carriers on horseback) delivered intelligence reports about British acts affecting the colonies. Soon this intercolonial information network helped unify many colonists in opposition to British policies.
In Jefferson’s draft, the declaration asserted the right of the people to “dissolve the political bands that have connected them with another” and choose their own government. After much argument and compromise, the Second Continental Congress adopted the final version of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The Declaration of Independence is the United States of America’s birth certificate. But the truths described refer to “all men,” not just Americans. This document had a profound impact on the French Revolution and revolts in South America, where countries fought to win their independence from Spain. Today, the declaration continues to inspire the fight for freedom around the world.
Thomas Jefferson was only 33 years old when he drafted the Declaration of Independence.
THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDANCE
The Declaration of Independence has five main parts:
The preamble, which explains why the declaration was written
A series of “self-evident” truths about the rights of all men and the principles of government to which the people were committed
A list of 27 specific complaints against King George III
A summary of the efforts the colonists made to avoid a break with England
A declaration that the 13 colonies are “free and independent” states, completely separate from Great Britain
People depend on government to assure freedom and order, but recognize it as a possible source of harm and oppression. The Founding Fathers wanted to establish a strong central authority but limit its ability to abuse power. Their first attempt at forming a government was a confederation of states. The Articles of Confederation granted independence to each state and gave little authority to the central government. Under this confederation, each state minted its own money and regulated its own trade. This caused confusion and an economic slump in the United States. In 1786, thousands of farmers in western Massachusetts, led by Daniel Shays, attempted to prevent the courts from foreclosing mortgages on their farms. The central government could not deal with the uprising and the country’s economic problems, so the states called for a convention to review the Articles of Confederation.
Delegates at the convention recognized the weaknesses in the document:
Each state had only one vote, regardless of its size and population.
Congress had no power to collect taxes and duties.
Congress had no power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce.
There were no provisions for a national court system.
An amendment could be ratified (approved) only with the consent of all states.
A 9/13 majority was required to enact a law.
The Articles were at best “a firm league of friendship” among the states.
A majority of the representatives at the convention decided that the problems of the republic could be addressed only by forming a new government and writing a new constitution. The Federalists, led by James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, favored a strong central government and supported ratification of a constitution. The Anti-Federalists, led by Patrick Henry and John Hancock, objected to ratification mainly because they feared the central government would become too powerful, and the constitution did not include a bill of rights.
After much compromise and debate, a U.S. Constitution was ratified based on the following principles:
Popular sovereignty. The people have supreme power. They establish the government, which is subject to the will of the people.
Limited government. The government may do only what the people have empowered it to do.
Separation of powers. The responsibilities of the government are divided among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
Checks and balances. Each branch of government has the authority and responsibility to check (restrain) the power of the other two branches. This balance prevents the misuse of power by any one branch.
Judicial review. Since 1803 it has been established that the federal courts have the power to review acts of the executive and legislative branches. If the court decides that an act or law violates a provision of the Constitution, it can nullify (cancel) the act.
Federalism. Power is shared between national and local governments. This system ensures that the national government is powerful enough to be effective, but that some powers (or functions) are reserved to the states and the citizens themselves.
PREAMBLE TO THE CONSTITUTION
Preamble to the Constitution The preamble is the introduction to the Constitution. Only one sentence long, the preamble states the six reasons for creating the document that embodies the basic principles and laws of the United States. The preamble clearly affirms that the people—not the states, not the central government—have the sovereign (supreme and absolute) authority to ordain (establish) the Constitution as the supreme law of the land. The people’s intention is to:
Strengthen the country by unifying the states.
Enact and apply laws that treat all citizens reasonably, fairly, and impartially.
Maintain order to ensure peace on home soil.
Make sure that the country is prepared to defend itself from its enemies.
Provide services and make efforts to improve the quality of life for all citizens.
Preserve and protect the rights and liberties of Americans, and to pass those
freedoms on to future generations.
In his 1863 Gettysburg Address, President Abraham Lincoln defined
American democracy as “government of the people, by the people, for the people.”
The seven Articles of the Constitution lay the foundation for the United States’ system of government. They establish three separate and distinct branches of government; define the relationships of the states between themselves and with the federal government; describe the procedures for amendment; state that the Constitution is the “supreme law of the land”; and explain how the Constitution will be ratified.
Article I establishes the Congress—the legislative, or lawmaking, branch of government that consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. This article explains the powers and limits of the legislature, the qualifications for office, and the methods of electing representatives. It also places some restrictions on state governments.
Article II establishes the executive branch of government and the offices of the president and vice president. This article explains the powers, duties, and limits of the president and the qualifications and methods of electing the president and vice president.
Article III establishes the judicial branch of government and the Supreme Court. This article also gives Congress the power to establish other “inferior” courts. The article explains the judicial power of federal courts.
Article IV, adopted almost exactly from the Articles of Confederation, describes the relationships the states must have with one another, the relationships between the federal government and the state governments, and the procedure for adding states and territories.
Article V details the procedures for amending, or making formal changes to, the Constitution.
Article VI states that the Constitution and all subsequent federal laws are the supreme law of the land. This article requires all state judges to follow the Constitution, even if state laws or constitutions contradict it, and requires all legislative, judicial, and executive officials of the federal and state governments to swear under oath to support the Constitution.
Article VII explains how the Constitution shall be ratified, or approved, by the states in order for it to be established. According to Article VII, only nine states had to approve the Constitution for it to go into effect in those states. On June 21, 1788, New Hampshire—the ninth state—ratified the Constitution and made it officially the law of the land. But several states refused to ratify the document until Congress agreed to add a list of basic rights held by the people. This list became the Bill of Rights.
of our liberties.” —Abraham Lincoln
Have you ever seen a college sweatshirt with the name “Electoral College” on it? Probably not. That’s because it’s not an actual college, but instead is the name of the group of people who elect the president. The number of these electors in each state is determined by and equal to its number of senators and members of Congress. Each political party appoints that number of electors to cast all their votes for the party’s candidate. It’s a winner-takes-all system—that means that when a candidate wins a state by even the slightest margin, that person gets all the electoral votes for that state. The Founding Fathers’ original intent for the Electoral College was to allow each state a delegation of informed and knowledgeable people who would select the president based on merit and without regard to political party. Many people believe the Electoral College is a flawed system because it does not exactly reflect the popular vote. In seventeen presidential elections, presidents who did not receive a majority of the popular vote got elected because they were able to get a majority of the electoral votes.
BILL OF RIGHTS
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights. These amendments, which guarantee individual rights and freedoms, were added to the Constitution less than three years after it became effective. James Madison drafted the Bill of Rights, borrowing key points from the Magna Carta. These amendments do not give us new liberties; they protect the liberties we already have.
The First Amendment is perhaps the most well-known. It protects freedom of religion, speech, and the press, and grants citizens the rights to peaceably assemble and to petition the government.
Unlike the First Amendment, which protects your right to speak out, the Fifth Amendment
protects your right to keep quiet and not reveal incriminating facts against yourself.
The Second Amendment is one of the most controversial of the 10 amendments.
It asserts every state’s right to have a “well-regulated militia” and the right of the
people to have and carry weapons.
The Third Amendment protects citizens from being forced to take soldiers into their homes to feed and board them. The exception to this is in wartime if Congress enacts a law requiring that citizens do so.
The Fourth Amendment prohibits the unreasonable search and seizure of people, their houses, papers, and private property. In most cases, searches, seizures, and arrests require a warrant issued by a judge.
The Fifth Amendment describes the rights of citizens in criminal cases. A person may not stand trial for a serious crime punishable by death or imprisonment unless a grand jury decides there is enough evidence against the individual to bring that person to trial. A citizen may not be tried twice for the same offense (this is called double jeopardy), and may not be forced to testify against himself or herself. This amendment also states that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without “due process of law,” or fair and legal procedures. The last provision deals with “eminent domain,” or the government’s power to take private property for public use. It prevents the government from taking the property without paying the owner a fair price.
The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to a fair trial. A person charged with a crime must have a speedy and public trial heard by an impartial jury. The defendant has the right to be told of the charges against him or her, be confronted by the accuser, be allowed to introduce witnesses for him or herself, and have the benefit of legal counsel.
The Seventh Amendment guarantees the right to a trial by jury in civil cases where the disputed amount exceeds $20. Either party in the suit may ask for a jury trial.
The Eighth Amendment prohibits courts from imposing excessive bails and fines. It also forbids the use of “cruel and unusual punishment.” Americans debate every day about whether the death penalty is a cruel and unusual punishment for a person convicted of murder. Some people argue that paddling students for breaking school rules is cruel and unusual. What do you think? T
The Ninth Amendment makes clear that the rights mentioned in the first eight amendments include certain, but not all, rights of the citizens. It states that the people retain any rights not specifically listed in the Constitution.
The 10th Amendment asserts that the states or the people retain those powers not delegated to the federal government by the Constitution.
In all of world history, the Bill of Rights is one of the greatest documents protecting individual rights. It has provoked protest rallies, legal challenges, even riots, as Americans interpret and defend their rights. Some of the most hotly debated subjects include gun control, abortion rights, school prayer, censorship, and the teaching of the theory of evolution. No matter where you stand on these issues, the First Amendment guarantees that you can voice your opinion.
Changing the Constitution
Written words in the Constitution can be changed or added through the formal amendment process described in Article V. An amendment may be proposed in one of two ways: by a two-thirds vote in each house of Congress; or by a national convention called by Congress at the request of two-thirds of the state legislatures. The proposed amendment may be ratified in one of two ways: by three-fourths of the state legislatures; or by three-fourths of the states during conventions called for that purpose. In the informal amendment process, changes in the Constitution take place over time without altering or adding to the written words. These informal amendments develop as a result of congressional legislation, presidential actions, Supreme Court decisions, activities of political parties, and custom.
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
The Constitution is a flexible document that adapts to the changing needs of American society. Since the Bill of Rights was adopted, the Constitution has been amended 17 times.
The 11th Amendment (1795) prohibits a citizen of one state or a citizen of another country from suing another state in federal court. However, a citizen may file suit in federal court against state authorities for depriving that person of constitutional rights.
The 12th Amendment (1804) requires members of the Electoral College to cast two separate ballots: one for president and one for vice president.
When the Founding Fathers wrote Article II of the Constitution, they planned one election for both president and vice president. Electors each had two votes to cast for two people without specifying the office. The person with the most votes became president and the runner-up became vice president. In the election of 1800, however, Thomas Jefferson tied Aaron Burr. The House of Representatives, after much argument, decided the outcome of the election by casting more ballots for Jefferson.
The 13th Amendment (1865) abolished slavery in the United States and in territories under its jurisdiction.
The 14th Amendment (1868) declares that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States” and under its authority are citizens of the United States and in the state in which they live. The intention of this amendment, known as the civil rights amendment, was to give citizenship to former slaves. The amendment also forbids states to pass and enforce laws depriving people of their privileges as citizens. It prohibits states from denying people equal protection of their laws or from depriving a person of life, liberty, or property without “due process of law.”
The 15th Amendment (1870) prohibits the U.S. government and the states from denying any citizen the right to vote on account of race, color, or having been a slave. The amendment also asserts that states must extend to the citizens within their jurisdiction all the protections guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.
The 16th Amendment (1913) grants Congress the right to levy an income tax without
regard to each state’s population.
The 17th Amendment (1913) gives the people of the states the power to elect their
senators. This amendment repealed those parts of Article I relating to the election of
U.S. senators by state legislatures.
The 18th Amendment (1919), known as the prohibition amendment, prohibits the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States.
The 19th Amendment (1920), also known as the Susan B. Anthony amendment, prohibits the U.S. government and the states from denying any woman the right to vote. “It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed this Union.” —From Susan B. Anthony’s speech defending a woman’s right to vote, 1873
The 20th Amendment (1933), often called the lame duck amendment,
changes the dates that newly elected presidents and members of
Congress take office, moving the inaugurations closer to the date of
the elections (January 20 for the president, January 3 for Congress).
The 21st Amendment (1933) repealed the 18th Amendment
(prohibition amendment) in its entirety.
The 22nd Amendment (1951) limits a president’s term of office to
two terms. It also limits the term of office of a president who has served
more than two years of another’s term to one elected term.
The 23rd Amendment (1961) grants residents of the District of Columbia the right to vote in presidential elections.
The 24th Amendment (1964) prohibits the U.S. government and states from denying citizens the right to vote in federal elections for “failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.”
The 25th Amendment (1967) establishes the order of succession to the presidency if the president or vice president leaves the office. It also provides for the vice president to succeed to the presidency if the president becomes disabled, and it details how presidential disability is determined.
The 25th Amendment was put to the test in 1973. Vice President Spiro T. Agnew resigned after pleading no contest to charges of tax fraud. So President Richard M. Nixon appointed Gerald R. Ford, a congressman from Michigan, to replace Agnew. Then, just 10 months later, Nixon resigned because of his role in the Watergate scandal. Vice President Ford became president and appointed Nelson A. Rockefeller, former governor of New York, to the vice presidency.
The 26th Amendment (1971) grants the right to vote to citizens 18 years of age and older.
The 27th Amendment (1992) bans midterm congressional pay raises.
The Constitution expands with each amendment, as if it is breathing and growing with the people. This great document has guided the United States through wars, racial strife, bigotry and intolerance, and the unforeseen challenges of a diverse and modern society. Ongoing, unresolved, and new issues continue to shape the Constitution. Proposed amendments to balance the budget, prohibit abortions, permit prayer in public schools, set term limits for members of Congress, prohibit flag burning, and eliminate the Electoral College will live or die according to the wishes of the people. Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan Jr. (1956–90) said: “The genius of the Constitution rests not in any static meaning it may have had in a world that is dead and gone, but in the adaptability of its great principles to cope with current problems and present needs.”
“Don’t interfere with anything in the Constitution. That must be maintained; for it is the only safeguard of our liberties.” —Abraham Lincoln
Agree to Disagree
Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (1902–32) urged people to think of free speech as “the principle of free thought—not free thought for those who agree with us but freedom for thought that we hate.”
2020 is an election year, if you are 18 or older, make sure you vote on November 3!
When the Constitution was written in 1787, travel from one part of the country to another was slow and difficult. For this reason, Article I and the 12th Amendment allowed plenty of time for newly elected officials to make their way from their home states to the nation’s capital. However, those representatives who were defeated or chose not to run for another term had to serve four to 13 more months before their successors were inaugurated. These officials were called lame ducks because they worked without power or prestige. But by 1933, with trains and cars available, elected representatives could arrive at the capital in a shorter period of time.
BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
The founders of the United States, concerned with the potential abuse of authority, created a representative government that divided the duties among three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. This separation of powers and system of checks and balances prevented any one branch from becoming too powerful.
The Constitution established a bicameral (two-chamber) legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives so that one chamber might be a check on the other. The Senate has 100 members; two senators are elected from each state. The House of Representatives has 435 members; the number of representatives from each state is based on the population of the state according to the latest census. This plan, which was a result of a compromise at the Constitutional Convention of 1787, ensures that the states are represented in the Senate as coequal members of the Union and in the House as democratically proportional to their populations.
The Constitution does not fix the number of members in the House of Representatives, instead allowing Congress to determine the total. As the population of the United States increased, so did the number of House members. Congress worried that adding more members would cripple the ability to do business in the House, so it passed the Reapportionment Act of 1929 to limit the number to 435 members. Every state is guaranteed at least one representative; the remaining 385 seats are reapportioned (redistributed) among the states after each decennial census (taken every 10 years). Boundaries of congressional districts are redrawn to keep the populations of voting districts equal. Senators are elected to six-year terms. Members of the House are elected to two-year terms. Each term of Congress (numbered consecutively) lasts two years with a new term beginning, according to the 20th Amendment, at noon on the third day of January of every odd-numbered year. Voters elect senators in statewide elections and elect members of the House from their congressional districts.
If Congress adjourns its session within 10 days (excluding Sundays) of sending a bill to the president, and the president keeps the bill without signing it, then the bill dies. This is called a pocket veto.
In addition to the power to pass laws, the Constitution (Article I, Section 8) grants Congress the powers to
Raise money to run the government.
Regulate foreign and interstate commerce.
Determine how aliens become U.S. citizens.
Provide for and maintain the nation’s armed forces.
Regulate weights and measures.
Grant copyrights and patents.
Establish post offices.
Create the lower federal courts.
The president’s chief responsibility is to enforce and administer the laws, but the office carries other responsibilities as well. The Constitution gives the president the expressed powers to:
Serve as commander-in-chief of the nation’s armed forces.
Commission all military officers.
Appoint the heads of executive departments.
Appoint ambassadors, Supreme Court justices, and other officials with the consent of the Senate.
Appoint high-ranking officials to fill vacancies when the Senate is in recess.
Grant pardons and reprieves for federal crimes.
Make treaties with the advice and consent of the Senate.
Inform Congress from time to time about the state of the Union.
Recommend necessary bills.
Call either or both chambers of Congress into special session, if necessary.
Act as host to ambassadors and representatives of other nations.
The president also has implied powers, including the right to seek opinions of official advisers. The executive departments have developed, by custom and tradition, into an informal advisory body called the Cabinet, with each department headed by a secretary (except the Department of Justice, which is headed by the attorney general). Today, there are 15 executive departments. The executive branch includes independent agencies, regulatory commissions, and other offices within the Executive Office—including the National Security Council, the Council of Economic Advisors, NASA, and the Office of Management and Budget.
The judicial branch of the U.S. government interprets and applies the laws. Although the Constitution names only the Supreme Court, it authorizes Congress to establish and abolish inferior, or lower, federal courts. All of these courts are called guardians of the Constitution.
The district court is the lowest level of the federal court system. There are 94 courts at this level, and each state (as well as the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) has at least one district court. Judges appointed by the president preside over these courts and serve for life. The district courts are the main trial courts in the federal court system. These courts have original jurisdiction, or the power to hear a case first—before any other court. The district courts hear criminal and civil cases that involve federal law. These are the only federal courts that regularly use grand juries to indict defendants and petit juries to decide the guilt or innocence of the accused.
A grand jury usually consists of 12 to 23 citizens who meet in secret to investigate facts and hear witnesses. This jury determines if the evidence against a person charged with a crime is sufficient to justify a trial. A petit jury is a trial jury made up of 12 (sometimes six) citizens. These jurors examine the evidence and make the final decision about the facts in a civil or criminal case.
Courts of Appeals
Congress created the courts of appeals in 1891 to relieve the Supreme Court of the
number of cases it heard on appeal directly from the district courts. An appeal is a
request for the review or rehearing of a case. These courts also review the decisions
of federal regulatory agencies such as the Federal Trade Commission. The 94 district
courts are organized into 13 judicial circuits, including the District of Columbia, with
one court of appeals (appellate court) for each circuit. Each court of appeals has
from six to 28 circuit judges sitting on the court as well as one assigned Supreme
Except in connection with their checks on the other branches, the three branches of government have distinct orientations to past, present, and future: The judicial branch is primarily concerned with past actions, the executive branch with present actions, and the legislative branch with future actions.
The highest level of the federal court system is the Supreme Court. This court is composed of the chief justice of the United States and eight associate justices, all appointed by the president, with the consent of the Senate, to preside for life. Because the justices do not have to worry about being re-elected, they are free to consider the law without the pressures of executive control, public opinion, and political influence. The Supreme Court hears three kinds of cases:
Cases in which the court has original jurisdiction, or that involve a representative of another nation or a state as one of the parties
Cases appealed from lower federal courts
Cases appealed from the highest appeals court in a state
Most federal and state courts in the United States may exercise judicial review, which is the important power of deciding the constitutionality of an act of government in any branch. The Supreme Court has the final authority to interpret the meaning of the Constitution and determine if the law is being applied correctly and fairly. For that reason, the Supreme Court is known as “the court of last resort.”
Over the years, Congress has created two types of federal courts: constitutional and special courts. Constitutional courts include the courts described above as well as the U.S. Court of International Trade. Special courts—often called legislative courts because Congress created them to help carry out legislative power—hear a narrow range of cases. These courts include the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces; the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims; the U.S. Court of Federal Claims; the U.S. Tax Court; territorial courts for the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Marianas; and the courts of the District of Columbia.
Did you know?
Before 1891, people named these courts the circuit courts of appeals because the Supreme Court justices “rode circuit” (traveled around the judicial district) to hear appeals from the lower courts. Today, the courts of appeals are often still called the circuit courts.
Partners & Watchdogs
Active citizens provide the most effective check, or restraint, on government actions. The opportunities to get involved with each branch range from support to management and even opposition. Millions of civilians work directly for the government. Others run for public office or campaign for candidates. The best way to participate is to exercise your rights: Vote, serve on juries, attend public hearings, pay attention to what new bills are being considered by Congress, and tell your elected officials how you want them to represent you.
PARTIES, SPLINTERS, AND SPECIAL INTERESTS
The framers of the Constitution mistrusted groups of people who united to promote their own narrow causes over the interests of the larger community. James Madison called these groups factions. But he knew that trying to abolish the factions would also abolish freedom.
“I have already intimated to you the danger of parties in the State. …”
—From George Washington’s farewell address, 1796
HISTORY OF AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES
No political parties existed when the Constitution was written, but the people soon split into camps over its ratification. The Federalists, considered the party of the rich and well-born, represented the interests of merchants, bankers, businessmen, and rich plantation owners. They favored a close relationship with Great Britain and a broad interpretation of the Constitution to promote their commercial interests. Federalists believed that property owners should vote, and that ordinary people were too easily influenced to handle much power.
The Anti-Federalists supported the common man—farmers with little acreage and working people in the cities. They thought that if people were educated, they could be trusted to govern themselves. The Anti-Federalists worried that the Federalists, who wanted a strong central government, would destroy republican principles and individual liberties. This made the Anti-Federalists favor a strict interpretation of the Constitution. By 1796, these two groups became political parties and nominated presidential candidates. The Federalist Party declined in power and disappeared by 1816. Under Thomas Jefferson’s two-term presidential leadership, the Anti-Federalists became known as the Jeffersonian Republicans and remained in power for 40 years. But divisions developed in the party. In the 1820s, supporters of John Quincy Adams broke away to form the National Republican Party. When Andrew Jackson ran against Adams, his supporters took the name Democratic-Republicans. After Jackson won, he changed the party name to Democrats. In 1834, the National Republican Party united with other anti-Jackson forces and formed the Whig Party.
In the presidential election of 1796, the Federalists backed Vice President John Adams for president and the Anti-Federalists backed Thomas Jefferson. Adams beat Jefferson by three electoral votes, so Jefferson became the vice president. Imagine having an elected president and vice president from different parties serving together in the executive branch!
The issue of slavery split the Whig Party in the 1850s and fragmented the Democratic Party. Those Whigs who favored slavery left the party and joined pro-slavery Democrats. Those Whigs who opposed it sided with anti-slavery Democrats and created the Republican Party that we recognize today. When Abraham Lincoln was elected in 1860 as the first Republican president, he ended the long era of Democratic control. The Democratic Party survived in the South but was crippled by the Civil War. The party slowly built up its base of voters while the Republicans dominated national politics for almost 75 years.
The 1932 election marked a big change in the public’s attitude about the role of government. During the Great Depression, which began in 1929, the unemployment rate was high—33 percent. People wanted the government to help them find jobs and take care of their families. When Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s victory brought the Democrats back to power, his New Deal programs put Americans to work and expanded the social and economic responsibilities of the national government. For the next 36 years, Republicans criticized the Democrats from the sidelines for their “big government” and “bureaucracy.” Since the late 1960s, control of the national government has been divided. If one party had the White House, the other party held the majority of seats in Congress. Although the Founding Fathers did not foresee the rise of political parties, they created a government that separated the powers of political parties and a system of checks and balances.
The American political system started as a two-party system, and the current election process follows this structure. People form political parties to control government by winning elections and holding public offices. If one party gets control of the executive and legislative branches, it can direct public policy and enact laws to advance the party’s position. If different parties have control of Congress and the Executive Office, the elected officials must compromise to get anything accomplished. A two-party system, rather than a government splintered by multiple parties, makes compromise much easier.
In most elections, voters can choose only one candidate for an office, and only one candidate can win that office. Many people think voting for a third-party candidate who has little chance of winning is wasting their vote. Also, Republicans and Democrats are able to work together to enact election laws that make it more difficult for third-party candidates to get their names on the ballots. In fact, non-major party candidates have appeared on the ballot in every state only seven times in the history of American presidential elections. While it’s more difficult for these minor party candidates to get on the ballot, they are still a part of the system and many have large followings.
A minor party is a cross between a major political party and a special-interest group. It generally forms around an ideology or an issue, and then becomes a party to nominate its own candidates for public office. Minor parties are:
Ideological, such as the Libertarian Party
Single-issue, such as the Right to Life Party
Economic protest, such as the Populist Party
Splinter, such as the Progressive Party
When the Republican Party nominated incumbent (current) President William Howard Taft as its candidate for the 1912 election, former President Theodore Roosevelt broke away from the Republican Party to run for president on his own “Bull Moose” Progressive Party ballot. Roosevelt’s move split the Republican vote, allowing Woodrow Wilson, a Democrat, to win the presidency.
A strong third-party candidate can have a great impact on an election. In 2000, Ralph Nader ran for president as the Green Party candidate against Republican George W. Bush and Democrat Al Gore. Nader received 3 percent of the popular vote but received no electoral votes. Gore won the popular vote, but Bush collected the most Electoral College votes and became president. Having a third-party candidate made this an extraordinarily close election.
Unlike the two major political parties, minor parties are willing to take a stand on controversial issues. They draw the public’s attention to problems that the major parties might try to avoid. As often happens, the two major parties steal the positions of minor parties on those issues that stir the public’s interest. Minor parties serve important functions in the political system, but the Republican Party is the only party in American political history to rise from being a third party to becoming a major political party.
THE POLITICAL PARTY FAMILY TODAY
Today’s Democrats and Republicans have their roots in opposite party philosophies. Although the Democrats are direct descendants of Thomas Jefferson’s republican philosophies, they also borrow Federalist ideas about a strong federal government and broad interpretation of the Constitution. Present-day Republicans have taken Jefferson’s views supporting “less government” as their own platform.
“No party can fool all of the people all of the time. That’s why we have two parties.”
—Bob Hope (1903–2003), comedian who entertained 12 presidents during his lifetime
SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS
People who share an interest often band together. Special-interest groups form around a cause or an issue to help shape public policy. These groups try to persuade elected officials to respond to their particular concerns and to pass legislation that will promote their causes. Unlike political parties, special-interest groups do not nominate candidates for public office. They are private organizations—only accountable to their members—that focus on issues, not people. In fact, they are concerned with only those issues and policies that directly affect the interests of the group members. The groups may, however, support candidates who support their positions. These groups are as varied as their interests.
Some examples are:
Business groups: Chamber of Commerce, National Association of Manufacturers
Trade associations: National Restaurant Association, American Trucking Associations
Labor organizations: Fraternal Order of Police, American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL–CIO)
Agricultural groups: American Farm Bureau Federation, National Grange
Professional associations: American Medical Association, American Bar Association
Religious organizations: National Council of Churches, American Jewish Congress
Some special-interest groups promote the welfare of specific groups (American Association of Retired Persons); promote or oppose certain causes (Sierra Club or The Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence; and advance public-interest issues (Common Cause). Special-interest groups raise awareness about public policies that promote or threaten their causes. They serve as another facet of the checks and balances system by keeping tabs on public agencies and officials. These groups are another effective way for citizens to participate in politics. As James Madison knew when he drafted the First Amendment (guaranteeing the rights to assemble and to petition the government), special-interest “factions” compete with one another in the public arena and actually counterbalance and moderate extreme points of view.
Campaigning on Infomercials
Ross Perot ran for president and started his own movement, the Reform Party, in 1992. He frequently appeared on television with flash cards to educate the public about the national budget deficit and explain his own economic plan to balance the federal budget. Perot captured nearly 20 percent of the vote. Although Perot did not win, he tapped into public dissatisfaction with elected officials and put the issue of fiscal (financial) responsibility on the public agenda.
As you watch the evening news on television or read a newspaper, consider how the national issues covered relate to what you have already read in this merit badge pamphlet. Do the topics affect a citizen’s rights and freedoms? Have new bills been proposed in Congress? Are the senators and the president deadlocked over an issue like health care or Social Security? Did the Supreme Court rule on a controversial case? Which Cabinet department dominates the news? In countries where freedom of the press and the right to free speech do not exist, the government controls mass media. Citizens know only what their leaders are willing to tell them. But in the United States, citizens have the right to know the truth.
The vast communication network that reaches large audiences of diverse individuals at the same time through television, newspapers, radio, magazines, and the internet is called mass media. These communication channels provide much entertainment, but they are also important sources of political information. Although they don’t exist to influence the government, the mass media have the power to focus the public’s attention on certain issues. By telling audiences not what to think, but what to think about, the media help to shape the public agenda.
Even though requirement 3 asks you to track the evening news on television OR read a daily newspaper, try to compare on one day how a specific national issue is covered on television and in the newspaper. You will probably discover that television touches lightly on the topic and presents brief bits of information. In a newspaper, reporters—like their readers—have more opportunity to explore the issue in detail.
FACT OR OPINION?
Learn how to recognize propaganda so that you do not accept biased information as fact. Political parties and special-interest groups want to persuade you to agree with them. Read newspaper editorials to figure out what issues and candidates the paper supports. Think about whether the news report presents a one-sided or balanced view. Are conclusions supported by concrete information, or are opinions based on selected facts?
SPEECHES OF NATIONAL HISTORIC IMPORTANCE
Great leaders, great orators, and great speechwriters can mark the importance of a historical moment so that it is fixed in our memories. Certain speeches express the conscience and spirit of a people. Others warn about oppression (domination), memorialize fallen soldiers, or uplift a discouraged nation. These speeches urge citizens to take action, inspire, and redirect history. Throughout this merit badge pamphlet, you have read quotes from famous speeches. Consider reading those speeches in their entirety. Or choose another speech such as:
Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech in which he calls for an end to segregation and racial discrimination
Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s speech one day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, asking Congress to declare war on Japan
Ronald Reagan’s “Tear Down This Wall” speech that challenged Communist leaders to end the Cold War and foster peace between West and East Germany
VOICING YOUR OWN OPINION
It is our privilege as American citizens to contact our elected representatives and expect an answer. You can find out how to contact your senators or the representative from your congressional district by looking in the government (blue) pages of your local telephone book or on the internet.
Choose a national issue that interests you and gather the facts before contacting your public official. Try to learn as much as you can about all sides of the issue before forming an opinion. The websites for the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives make it simple to contact your representatives by email. You can write a letter online or send a letter by mail.
To write an effective letter, follow these tips.
Address the official using his or her correct title.
The address: The Honorable John Smith
The greeting: Dear Senator Smith:
Member of the House of Representatives.
The address: The Honorable Mary Doe
The greeting: Dear Ms. Doe:
Identify yourself and your reasons for writing the letter.
Refer to a specific bill by number or name, if applicable.
Explain—briefly, rationally, politely—why you are concerned about the issue.
Send your letter before the bill is brought to the floor or while your representative can still do something about your concern. •
Request a response and include your return address.
Senators and representatives want to know what you think, but they receive thousands of letters each month. An aide probably will answer your letter. However, you may have an opportunity to contact your congressional representative in person if he or she is visiting the local field office.
NATIONAL TRASURES & OTHER GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES
An important way for U.S. citizens to appreciate their hard-won rights and freedoms is to visit the sites where major historical events took place and where people from different cultures settled, or tour public buildings and observe firsthand their government officials at work. Although books, photographs, and virtual tours on the internet help us understand our heritage, nothing compares to the experience of standing on a Civil War battlefield, touring the White House, or exploring the Anasazi cliff dwellings built in the Southwest more than a thousand years ago.
Your family may have lived in this country for hundreds of years or for 20 years. It does not matter. If you are a U.S. citizen, you share a heritage with every other American citizen. So go see some of the significant public buildings, historical parks, landmarks, and monuments. After all, these national treasures are our connections with this country’s past.
LANDMARKS AND MONUMENTS
The National Park Service, which is part of the U.S. Department of the Interior, is in charge of national
parks as well as certain historic settings. Besides protecting those scenic parks valued for their
spectacular natural features, such as Yellowstone National Park, the National Park Service identifies and
preserves all the historic buildings and sites that have national importance—that is, those places that
mean something to most Americans. The National Park Service maintains an official list of cultural resources
worth preserving called the National Register of Historic Places. Three percent of the properties listed are
designated as National Historic Landmarks.
Before you head for one of the National Historic Landmarks or National Monuments, call to find out if visitors are allowed. Schedules for tours vary and are always subject to change.
WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE?
National Historic Landmark—a particular site, structure, or object of national importance (Vietnam Veterans Memorial)
National Monument—an area preserved for its historic, prehistoric, or scientific interest that includes at least one resource of national importance (Fort Sumter National Monument)
National Historic Site—a place of national historical significance, usually with a single primary feature (Ford’s Theatre)
National Historical Park—a larger, more complex area than a National Historic Site, it includes several areas and features of national historical importance (Independence National Historical Park in Philadelphia)
Public buildings include a variety of government facilities such as the Johnson Space Center, Federal Reserve banks, the Library of Congress, and federal courthouses. Even if you live in a small town, you probably can find a federal facility, such as a post office, that serves the local community. When you visit a federal facility, you see your government working for you. Think about how the activity in that building or on that site affects your life.
American citizens have a debt to the people who came before us, and an obligation to the generations to follow. National landmarks and monuments are places to experience history. Many are endangered, but they deserve to be preserved for what they represent as part of America’s history and culture. You can help preserve these places by joining a local or national historic preservation organization and by volunteering to work at one of the historic landmarks. Preserving national sites is only a part of preserving America’s heritage. As a good citizen, you must guard your rights and celebrate your freedom. Stand up for others. Seek information. Become a concerned citizen. The American people made their own government. It is still a work in progress, but it bends and embraces its citizens. You have the right, the duty, and the privilege to help shape your government. Value your freedom. As Thomas Paine wrote in his Common Sense pamphlets of 1776: “The cause of America is in a great measure the cause of all mankind. … We have it in our power to begin the world again.”
NOVEMBER BONUS ADVENTURE:
Make sure to download the connected worksheet for this month's adventure!
Think about this scenario: Your dad’s college roommate was helping him study late one night at the dorm. They got hungry, but it was so late the pizza delivery was closed. So they had to drive to an all-night convenience store for snacks. On the way, they see one of your dad’s classmates standing beside her stalled car. Your dad and his roommate offer to give her a ride home. They come inside to meet the girl’s roommate—who, after a few years, becomes your mom.
Many events had to happen for your dad to meet your mom. That does not count all the events that had to happen for your dad’s roommate to be there to help him study, for the girl’s car to break down when and where it did, and for your future mom to be where she was at a certain moment in time. If you think about it, history is sort of like that. Events of today are all connected to events of the past, whether the past is two hours ago or 200 years ago. You cannot have one without the other. Events that happened centuries ago, no matter how minor, probably affect what is happening today. For instance, Michael Jordan may be one of the greatest basketball players of all time. He began his NBA career without controversy, but where would he be without the actions of people throughout history?
Go back about 200 years, when legal slavery in the South helped fuel the Civil War. When the war was settled, Reconstruction began with the intent of granting full civil rights to African Americans. Instead, Reconstruction angered many Southern whites, resulting in fierce racial discrimination in the South. Southern discrimination spurred African American activist W.E.B. DuBois to help create the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1909. African American seamstress Rosa Parks joined the NAACP in 1943. When she was arrested in 1955 after refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man, the NAACP organized a local bus boycott. Local minister Martin Luther King Jr. transformed that boycott into a national movement for civil rights. And many years later, Michael Jordan, an African American athlete, enjoyed the fruits of that movement as he became known as one of the greatest basketball players of all time.
Of course, this example is very simple. In reality, thousands of events occurred and millions of people worked together to shape the United States into a country where every person truly is equal. That is the heart of American heritage—people and events affecting one another over hundreds of years to get us where we are today. You must understand the events of yesterday to appreciate and understand the events of today. The past causes the present.
Understanding American heritage is not about memorizing historical dates and names. It is about
understanding—for example, understanding current events that surrounded the signing of the
Declaration of Independence and why the signers believed this document was so vital to establishing the
fundamental rights of the new republic. If you comprehend what the declaration meant to Americans then,
you can appreciate how the past has influenced your present. Understanding your country’s heritage is how
you will come to truly know what it means to be an American.
BEGINNING AT THE BEGINNING
During the 1770s, American colonists were outraged. Although they had been loyal subjects of the British Empire for years, Americans suddenly were feeling like second-class citizens. To help raise money for a war with France, Britain had imposed taxes on everything from sugar to newspaper ads to paper to tea. While the colonists had paid taxes locally, this was the first time that the British Parliament—in which the colonists had no representation—was imposing taxes on the colonists alone. The colonists believed they should be treated with the same rights and privileges as British citizens in Britain itself. What was happening just was not fair.
When a group of men from Boston, Massachusetts, dumped thousands of dollars’ worth of tea into the harbor in protest, the British responded harshly. They hurt local businesses by closing the Boston port, and they disbanded an elected council and outlawed town meetings. Americans wondered if what was happening in Boston could happen elsewhere in America.
Colonial leaders formed the first Continental Congress to address what they felt were unfair practices by Britain. Their goal was to put economic pressure on Britain—for instance, by boycotting British products—so that Britain would stop making harsh laws for the colonies. The Continental Congress drew up a list of complaints to send to Britain’s King George III. There was little talk of independence; the colonists just wanted things returned to the way they had been. King George never responded directly to the colonists’ complaints. Instead, he declared a state of rebellion
in the colonies in 1775 after colonists resisted the British
attempt to destroy military stores at Lexington and Concord. By
year’s end, the king had banned all Colonial trade. Still,
American leaders like George Washington believed that they
were fighting for their basic rights within the British Empire. It
was a civil war, not a war for independence. But that feeling
did not last. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, first published in
January 1776, persuaded many Americans to favor independence.
In June 1776, a committee was chosen to write “The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America.” Today, we call this document the Declaration of Independence.
THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
As you read the declaration and put it into your own words, you will notice that it can be broken down into five basic parts.
The Introduction. This tells the reader that the declaration will explain the causes of America’s need for independence from Great Britain.
The Preamble. This spells out the basic human rights to which the colonists believed everyone was entitled. It states that when people are denied these basic rights, it is their duty to overthrow and break free of whoever is denying them these rights.
The Body (first section). This is a list of “abuses” put forth by the king onto the colonists.
The Body (second section). This is a statement that the colonists had tried everything to solve these problems with Britain, without any luck.
The Conclusion. This states that because of these conditions, it is the colonists’ right to separate from Britain. It declares the states free from the British Empire. The 56 men who signed the Declaration of Independence knew full well that the penalty for it if they were caught by the British would be death.
When you read the Declaration of Independence, ask yourself the following questions:
What rights did the colonists believe they had?
Who gave them these rights, and who could take them away?
What purpose did the government serve in securing these rights?
Where did the government get its power?
The Declaration of Independence has inspired people in other countries to fight for basic rights, and it has inspired Americans to continue fighting for what they believe are the basic human rights they are entitled to. As recently as 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. invoked the document as a way to show that all Americans—especially African Americans being discriminated against because of their race—deserve freedom. King stated: “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.’”
Preamble to the Declaration of Independence
“... We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness—That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed—that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is
the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.”
With the Declaration of Independence, the 13 colonies stated their intent to separate from the mother country. But to become truly independent, America needed its own symbols to establish an identity apart from that of Great Britain. The symbols of the United States represent the country’s core beliefs and values. They signify what it means to be an American. Many of these symbols have changed over the years, often to reflect the changing attitudes within the country. As you study America’s symbols, it is important to think about what America’s core values and beliefs mean to different Americans. What did those symbols mean to people when they were first adopted? What do they mean today?
The American Flag
The flag that flies in front of your school or your town hall is not the same one that colonists fought
under during the American Revolution. In fact, the design of the United States flag has changed many
times to reflect the changing country. The first official U.S. flag was approved in 1777. To represent the
13 colonies, the flag had 13 horizontal stripes and 13 stars in the canton, or upper corner. There was no
official design of the stars, so several patterns existed.
In 1795, two more stars and two more stripes were added to represent the newest states, Vermont and Kentucky. In 1818, after five more states had been admitted to the union, Congress decided that the flag would always have just 13 stripes, but the number of stars would reflect the number of states. Someday you may see additional changes to the flag, for instance, if an American territory such as Puerto Rico is admitted into the union. The most recent change to the flag was in 1960, after Hawaii became a U.S. state. The U.S. flag is the ultimate symbol of this country’s freedom.
It inspired Francis Scott Key to write “The Star-Spangled Banner.” The flag symbolizes freedom, not only for Americans, but for people around the world.
Pledge of Allegiance
“I pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic for which it stands; one nation indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.” That was the original Pledge of Allegiance, as published in 1892. In 1924, the phrase “my Flag” was replaced with “the flag of the United States of America.” The pledge became official in 1942 but underwent one more change in 1954, when President Dwight D. Eisenhower added the phrase “under God.” And there is always the possibility that the pledge could undergo more changes in the future.
Some people believe the phrase “under God” violates America’s separation of church and state. In 2002, a man sued the government to take out the phrase. On Flag Day two years later, the Supreme Court dismissed the case. The ruling ensures that students will continue to be able to recite the pledge in its current form at school.
The Great Seal and Bald Eagle
Look on the back of a dollar bill, and you will see the front and back of the Great Seal of the United States. Adopted in 1782 after six years of designs and debates, the seal represents the country’s core values and beliefs. The original design called for an imperial eagle, but early Americans decided that the seal should be truly American. That is when the American bald eagle became the main element on the front of the seal. In one talon is a bundle of 13 arrows (representing the 13 colonies), in the other, an olive branch. In its mouth, the eagle holds an inscription: E Pluribus Unum, which is Latin for “out of many, one” and represents the union of the American people.
The reverse side of the seal shows a 13-step, unfinished pyramid representing the
original 13 colonies and showing that the country is always building and changing. The
eye and the motto over it, Annuit Coeptis (“He has favored our undertakings”), allude
to divine—or God’s—intervention in the success of the country. The letters and
numbers on the first step of the pyramid are Roman numerals for 1776, the year the
Declaration of Independence was signed. The motto Novus Ordo Seclorum, “a new order
of the ages,” signifies a new era of American influence. In the Great Seal, the olive branch and arrows symbolize the power of both peace and war.
In God We Trust
Religion has always played a role in America’s heritage. Freedom of religion—allowing citizens to worship how they choose—is one of the core values upon which the United States was formed. The founding fathers believed that a supreme power had guided them in their fight for independence, so it is no surprise that references to God appear in the Declaration of Independence, the national motto, and the national anthem. The Constitution, however, deliberately makes no reference to any kind of deity—another guarantee of every American’s freedom of religion.
The phrase “In God We Trust” began appearing on American coins in 1864, during the Civil War. In 1908, legislation made it mandatory to include the motto on all coins issued in the United States, and in 1955 the motto was added to all paper money as well. In 1956, “In God We Trust” became our national motto. The national motto has been challenged in court at least three times. Some people are concerned that the motto forces religion upon people. The courts usually have decided, however, that the motto is not a religious statement. It is more of a reflection of America’s heritage, in which religion has played a role.
The National Anthem
In 1814, America was at war with Britain once again. A lawyer named Francis Scott Key
had boarded a British ship to try to free a friend and became trapped in the middle of
the battle. From the ship, he watched as the British fired upon Fort McHenry in
Baltimore, Maryland. Then one night, the shelling stopped. Had the Americans
surrendered? Had the British given up? As the sun began to rise, Key saw the American flag was still flying high over the fort. The United States had won the battle. Key was inspired to write a poem he called “Defence of Fort M’Henry,” a title that later became “The Star-Spangled Banner.”
Did you know?
Americans adopted “The Star-Spangled Banner” as their national anthem more than a century before Congress made it official in 1931.
O say, can you see, by the dawn’s early light, What so proudly we hail’d at the twilight’s last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro’ the perilous fight, O’er the ramparts we watch’d, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro’ the night that our flag was still there. O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave?
HERITAGE AT HOME
Americans are known around the world for their independent thinking and innovative ideas. They cherish their right to act and speak as they please—as long as it does not hurt anyone else. Americans know that with hard, honest work, the possibilities of what they can achieve are limitless. These values have been associated with the United States since the country’s beginning. In few other countries do all people enjoy such freedom, and that makes people proud to be Americans and willing to defend their country and its values.
FAMILY AND FREEDOM
No matter if your family came over on the Mayflower or if you are the first person in your family to be born in the United States, your family history is important. Understanding how your family came to the United States and what experiences they had can help you understand American heritage.
Only a few Americans can trace their families back to the native people who were here before Europeans landed. Most families arrived here to try to increase their fortunes or to escape a hard life, as many Asian and European immigrants did in the 1800s. Or they could have arrived after a forced journey as an African slave. Learning why your family came to America and how they took part in American history—whether it was fighting in the Civil War, helping to build a railroad that would connect opposite ends of the country, marching in a protest for equal rights for women, or simply casting their vote for a president—helps you understand why history is more than just dates and names. It is real people living real lives, whose actions—no matter how small—affect the future.
Start researching your family history by talking to your parents. Find out when and where they were born, where they grew up, and how they met. Ask them what major events affected their lives and how they responded to them. See if they have any documents for you to look at, such as birth and death certificates or a family Bible with names and dates in it.
Researching your family history goes beyond learning about American heritage. Knowing about your family’s role in the history of this country can teach you about what American ideals and traditions are important to your family—things that you can proudly pass down to your own children.
Ask other relatives—especially older ones—the same questions. Talk to your
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Modern biology homework help
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Giant hogweed, (Heracleum mantegazzianum), is an invasive new weed that is colonizing in some parts of Ontario, eastern Provinces and Western Canada. Locally, it has been found in Ottawa, Halton region, Waterloo, Markham and the Don River valley in Toronto according to a report in The Globe and Mail. Giant hogweed is very dangerous. Its sap contains furanocoumarins and is toxic on contact, causing inflammation. Worse, the sap is phototoxic, which means it gets stronger when exposed to sunlight. When this happens the sap can cause severe and disfiguring blistering. If it gets in your eyes, it can cause temporary and even permanent blindness. It is important to note that giant hogweed is currently only being found in wild and overgrown areas like ravines, roadsides, riverbanks, vacant lots and would likely only pose a problem for homeowners with an unmowed lawn.
Giant hogweed lives up to its name, a mature plant growing to over fifteen feet in height. You can identify it by the large, serrated elephant-ear shaped leaves and a hairy, purplish-red stem. It is difficult to identify in it’s infancy and can be confused with several other weeds- do your homework. It also produces clusters of white flowers in an umbrella-like formation in June and July. It reproduces by seed each year.
If you find a giant hogweed, leave it alone, and contact a licenced professional weed exterminator like LawnSavers to remove it. Teach children what it looks like by keeping them informed, to keep away from the plant if they see it, and to tell you or another adult. If you get the sap on your body, immediately wash the area with soap and water and seek medical attention. Keep the exposed area out of the sun for several days.
If you have to remove the plant yourself, make sure you are completely covered in protective clothing, and wear impermeable gloves and eye wear. Put any seed heads in a separate and tied plastic bag and dispose of it in the garbage, not the green bin, so the seeds do not spread. Roots can be deep and should be cut 12 inches deep. If you are just finding juvenile shoots, mowing regularly will kill the shoots and eventually exhaust the supply of seeds in the soil. Just be extra careful and follow the noted safety procedures when disposing of the clippings. Since it is considered a noxious weed in most municipalities, a licensed weed exterminator like LawnSavers can use a chemical pesticide to kill the plant properly when it is young, down to it’s roots. You can also contact your local or regional conservation authority for additional information.
Please be prudent & careful. This plant is beginning to spread far too qucikly for our liking. It’s time for the government to step up and take responsibility and create an action plan to eradicate this imported and invasive species rather than pandering to anti-pesticide sentiment among some well meaning but misinformed activists.
For more information and pictures see: Ontario Weeds
Call LawnSavers Plant Heath Care at 1-888-503-LAWN(5296) or email us through our contact page
For general questions call TeleHealth Ontario at 1-866-797-0000 or TTY 1-866-797-0007
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As its name suggests, the state of Himachal Pradesh is located in the shadow of the snow-covered Himalayas. The area stretches from low-lying places to enormous mountain ranges. As we move further, each region encloses its own distinctiveness and reveals fresh mysteries. You are in awe by the verdant plains and the tranquilly of the upper peaks. Himachal Pradesh is considered India’s adventure playground because of its stunning snow-capped peaks and deep river valleys. Himachal is possibly a backpacker’s heaven because it is surrounded by the magnificent Himalayas, lush green forests, stunning lakes, and towering mountains. Himachal Pradesh has a lot of other interesting things to learn about besides being the top tourist destination in India. You can stay at our Rakkh Resort in Himachal Pradesh while exploring some intriguing iconic places of Himachal Pradesh. Here are some:
- The Taboos Village
It is known as “The Settlement of Taboos” and is a small, obscured village in Himachal Pradesh. No outsider is allowed to touch any of the residents’ possessions or any of the village’s walls, which is a strange and harsh regulation. The hamlet is notorious for being a “weed tourism attraction,” and it also earned the “Best Hashish” award at the High Times magazine Cannabis Cup in 1994 and 1996.
2. Trivia Behind The Name Himachal Pradesh
The Sanskrit word “Hima,” which means snow, is whence the name Himachal is derived. Himachal Pradesh’s full name translates to “In the lap of the Himalayas.” Acharya Diwakar Datt Sharma, a renowned Sanskrit scholar, is credited with creating the word “Himachal Pradesh.”
3. Hop On The Toy Train
The 96.6-kilometre-long, single-track Kalka Shimla Railway was constructed in the middle of the 19th century. The Kalka Shimla Railway is an architectural marvel, including the tallest multi-arc gallery bridge and the world’s longest tunnel (at the time of completion). Heaven in disguise is the scenic splendour along the track.
4. The Indian Fruit Bowl
According to reports, Himachal Pradesh is India’s second-largest apple producer after Jammu & Kashmir. Did you know that an American missionary by the name of Satyanand Stokes started cultivating apples in the state’s Kotgarh region? Along with apples, a lot of other fruits are also grown in large quantities, including peaches, cherries, kiwis, and plums. Even dry fruits are grown here, including pine nuts, chilgoza, and hazelnuts.
5. A Wildlife Treasure Trove
33 Wildlife Sanctuaries and 2 National Parks can be found in Himachal Pradesh. Out of the two, UNESCO has designated The Great Himalayan National Park as a World Heritage Site. The National Park is home to 370 kinds of animals, including nine amphibians, 180 birds, and more than 30 mammals.
6. The highest cricket ground in the world
The Chail Cricket Ground in Himachal Pradesh is reputed to be the highest cricket ground in the world, rising 8,018 feet above sea level. It was constructed in 1891, and deodar forests are all around it.
7. Miniature Switzerland
Khajjiar, a hill town in Himachal Pradesh’s Chamba district, has earned the moniker “Mini Switzerland.” It boasts stunning natural scenery and a lake with a floating island in the middle.
8. Kullu Dussehra: God’s Own Get-Together
One of the most well-known Hindu holidays in India, especially in North India, is the festival of Dussehra. Kullu Dussehra begins in Himachal Pradesh when Dussehra ends elsewhere in India. Kullu Dussehra, a seven-day event, draws visitors from all over the world. Jagat Singh, a native ruler from the 17th century, founded the celebration.
9. Abode of Lord Shiva
The Manimahesh Kailash summit, also known as the Chamba Kailash, is thought to be Lord Shiva’s dwelling. A significant Himachal Pradesh pilgrimage site, the summit towers high over the Manimahesh lake. The local Gaddi tribe views the location as lucky.
10. Land of the Gods
Himachal Pradesh is frequently referred to as “Dev Bhoomi” or “Land of the Gods” since numerous ancient holy books make reference to it. Himachal is home to numerous revered temples and significant pilgrimage sites. Nearly every neighbourhood or hamlet has its own Gods and Goddesses that the residents worship.
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One thing Bradley County is famous for is the Pink Tomato Festival. It’s been going on for 59 years and that makes it one of the longest running festivals in the state of Arkansas. There’s quite a bit of history behind it too.
Farmers in Bradley County have been raising tomatoes for sale since the 1920s. They chose a variety of tomato that would ship well if picked when the tops of the fruit just barely turned pink. In 1956, a group of Warren merchants decided to host an event to celebrate the tomato industry and to help promote business in the area. The Bradley County Pink Tomato Festival was born. It has since become a major summertime event!
Since that first celebration in 1956, the festival has evolved into one of the most well known and respected events in Arkansas. Many people have contributed to the success of the annual event, from those present at that first celebration to the dedicated volunteers today. The Festival Parade and Pink Tomato Beauty Pageants were added in 1957. The All-Tomato Luncheon and Street Dance have always been crowd favorites. Other events have included: Arts & Crafts show, Tomato Eating contest, 5K Race, and the Pink Tomato golf tournament. Thanks to the vision and creativity of those involved, new attractions are added each year.
From a one-day event the festival has grown to a week long celebration, with activities for all ages. The Pink Tomato Festival is now attended by 30,000 people each year and many are Bradley County natives who come home to be a part of the giant homecoming celebration.
There are so many events going on at one time, I decided that I would post each one in separate blog posts.
Friday night, we were pleased to welcome past winner from NBC’s The Voice, Craig Wayne Boyd, as entertainment. Before the concert, he did a meet and greet where a few people got to talk to him and get his autograph. He was a pretty nice guy and was happy to sign many posters and even a guitar that was to be raffled off.
There are many more photos from the whole event to come, so keep checking in. Til next time.
Do Well and Do Good
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Gabelli100 | Nov 17, 2020 | Gabelli School of Business
Serving Customers Faithfully and Adding Value to Society
The perception of the finance industry has been tainted by mistrust and notorious stories of corruption. But in his book Seeking Virtue in Finance: Contributing to Society in a Conflicted Industry, author JC de Swaan looks at the industry through a different lens.
De Swaan discussed his research on some of the industry’s finest role models in his talk on Nov. 16 as part of the Gabelli School Centennial Virtual Speaker Series, an event co-sponsored by the Museum of American Finance and the CFA Society of New York.
He pointed to the late John Whitehead, former leader of Goldman Sachs, saying he was a professional who “embodied prudence, humility, and citizenship,” and Frédéric Samama of Amundi, calling him a “pioneer in the ESG movement at a time when it was deeply unfashionable.” De Swaan also mentioned role models who are contributing to society in meaningful ways in the earlier stages of their careers. One example is Erin Godard, a young CPA at EY who, after spending a summer doing service work there, brought her skillset to East Africa where she created an accounting academy that sets students on the path toward future careers.
“My fundamental belief is that finance is a force for good,” said de Swaan. “I believe that most of the industry is on the right side of the ledger and I am optimistic.”
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The art of gathering and manipulating authentic information and then putting it in data visualization and offering it to the world is a challenging task. To pinch out every fact and news from an incident and then to author it wisely is what journalists are known for. They dive into the ocean of information to pick those important yet true golden pearls of facts that can build their authority as a good journalist and also can serve humanity with the latest and quality information.
Journalism has seen many decades. From non-print to print media or newspapers to social media, journalism is continuously evolving to make it with modern innovation but are journalists evolving too?
When basic journalism skills are required, the days are gone to get a good status and land you a great job. But due to the advancement in technology, the world of news reporting has taken a wide transition.
People now possess one of the great inventions in their hands. They want to be quick. They are after saving time. When people can search for news within a matter of seconds, why do they want to buy a newspaper? According to research, around 80% of Americans get news from digital sources. To cope up with the evolution, journalists have to keep updating themselves. They have to learn the latest skills and adapt to different media conditions, and that’s what mindful journalists are already doing to escalate their careers. Steve Ladurantaye is a successful journalist and a great writer. He has worked in Canada’s largest newsrooms for countless hours consulting as an expert.
Top Skills Required To Be A Great Journalist
- Communication Skills
Communication skills are needed to interview someone. With modern and advanced communication skills, journalists can stand a good chance in collecting resourceful information from the interviewed person. Except for interviewing, communication skills are crucial to present information in chronological order and grab the reader’s attention. And that’s what modern tv anchors are doing. Remember your grandparents sitting at the tv and listening to the news for about 2 to 3 hours. That’s all well-articulated communication skills.
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A good journalist always keeps a step ahead of time. Evaluating and digging bits of information is a demanding task that requires great thinking skills. To grow your career, you should adopt good critical thinking skills. These skills helped Steve Ladurantaye Ottawa-based to succeed in his career as a journalist and become a multi-platform newsroom manager. People are after the current developments, they want to be updated, and this is where your thinking and analyzing ability comes into play. A good journalist always performs a handful of research that is unbiased of his opinions. It all contains the facts and figures.
- Learn Modern Tools
Digital media is a vast platform for news in the modern era. Mobile devices, computers, laptops are now the authority to view and search for any information. As a journalist, you should be able to understand how modern devices work.
For most of the community, journalism is not a good career choice. But, that’s not true. You can scale up your journalism career by adapting to modern skills. And that’s all you need to become a good and modern journalist.
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Set goals and save for them
Once you’ve set your goals, start saving for them to pay for your future purchases in cash and not take on any debt.
1. List your goals and determine how much you need to save for them.
This includes your next car, vacation, furniture, kid’s college, etc.
Listing your goals within a budgeting tool helps you track your progress and see the amount you’ll need to save for each goal.Learn More About Goals and Budgets Setup Goals and Budgets
Goal Savings Calculator
This information may help you analyze your financial needs. It is based on information and assumptions provided by you regarding your goals, expectations and financial situation. The calculations do not infer that the provider, CalcXML, assumes any fiduciary duties. The calculations provided should not be construed as financial, legal or tax advice. In addition, such information should not be relied upon as the only source of information. This information is supplied from sources we believe to be reliable but we cannot guarantee its accuracy. Hypothetical illustrations may provide historical or current performance information. Past performance does not guarantee nor indicate future results.
WeddingAverage $182 per guest
CollegeAverage $25,900 for in-state
VacationAverage $1,145 per person
New RoofAverage $7,995 to replace
2. Open a savings account.
Separate your emergency savings from your goals-based savings to know when you’ll use funds for specific purchases and planned events.Learn More About Our Savings Options
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3. Rename your accounts.
Put a name to your savings account like, “My Next Car” or “Our Wedding.” This will keep your momentum going by having a visual of what you’re working towards alongside your expenses.How to Rename Accounts
Select My Settings in the top right corner and then select Rename & Hide Your Accounts.
Set goals and save for them - Milestone 6
“I made my dream of going to Greece and Italy a reality. I worked overtime and took on a second job to make it happen. It was amazing. I used my FAIRWINDS account as my vacation account. It was so inspiring to see the money increase until I had enough to go on this once in a lifetime trip. I am single, lived alone and had a basic income. I was able to save by only spending on essentials and focusing on my end goal.”
Yvonne — Orlando, FL
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| 0.936273
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Several trends currently drive the engineering landscape design industry. From consumer needs to industry advancements, companies must adapt. Advancements mean that some of the work can be outsourced, allowing firms more flexibility in the services they offer. Other trends drive what the consumer wants, creating changes in the industry itself. Let’s take a look at some key trends driving the industry forward.
Consumer trends often overlap with industry trends, but they can still be the driving force for change.
1. Climate Change
Climate change is informing the way we design. Factors such as air quality, extreme weather patterns, and the responsible use of resources are dominating consumers’ design prerequisites. The result is a swing toward environmentally responsible design choices.
2. Pandemic Lifestyle
The pandemic has affected lifestyle in ways that impact design as well. People are redesigning interior spaces to meet the needs of at-home schooling and remote work. Outdoor spaces are changing as well, with an increased emphasis on exteriors conducive to relaxation and privacy.
Advances in technology are further changing the way outdoor spaces are designed and used. Smart lighting and other features, alternative power sources, and advances in material composition have all resulted in creating a plethora of choices for consumers.
Industry trends are sometimes the result of consumer demands, but also arise from needs within the industry as well.
1. 3D Modeling and Animation
Gone are the days of visualizing a concept from a 2D plan. Now engineers and designers can formulate 3D models of space and design. Additionally, some of the 3D tools include a “walk through” feature for clients to get a “feel” for the final design. This is one of the things that can be outsourced by engineers. Some companies can take a 2D drawing, input some additional data, and produce a 3D model with an animated, interactive experience.
2. Project Concept and Management
Two other aspects of engineering landscape designs that can be outsourced are design concept and project management. Technology is one of the factors driving the outsourcing of these components. For example, drones can be used to map topography or photograph a location, and the resulting images can be overplayed using augmented reality or other technologies to create an accurate, visual design concept.
3. Physical 3D Models
To give customers a better feel for how their project is going to turn out, engineers can also outsource the creation of physical 3D models that mimic the finished project. These can be created using a 3D printer and an image that’s drawn by either the engineer using software or by the 3D printing company itself.
Customers can then muse about how their landscaping will look, show it off to investors and other stakeholders, or use it as a keepsake for the project. Offering 3D renderings of landscape design is also a great way to generate a little extra revenue. By applying a straightforward markup to whatever the 3D printing company charges, you can take in a little extra money without doing a lot of extra work.
If you’re ready to expand your landscape firm by providing design-build services, you can rely on PABS to be your design team while you focus on running your business. Learn how PABS can help by reaching out today.
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The Zenned Out Guide to Understanding Chakras - Cassie Uhl
Guide to Understanding Chakras (Zenned Out)
Find balance and healing with Understanding Chakras.
Understanding Chakras will cover the seven energy points in your body — the Root, Sacral, Solar Plexus, Heart, Throat, Third Eye, and the Crown. Discover how each chakra connects to some part of your body, emotion, and energy. In this gorgeous guide, you'll learn how to tap into your energy centers and unblock a specific chakra for a more balanced, relaxed, and healthier you. Ignite the power of your energy by using crystals, essential oils, herbs, and different meditation techniques to help transform your mind, body, and spirit.
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en
| 0.892221
| 155
| 1.71875
| 2
|
Lots and lots of Americans would love to improve different things in their life. Some people want to be more successful in the professional arena while others are looking to make more personal improvements. This article is full of useful tips to get you started with personal development.
Choose to spend your time with positive people. This will create a reinforcing environment for meeting your goals and also help you avoid people who will bring you down with constant criticism.
Pinpoint exactly what is blocking your progress. Sometimes, this can be a difficult job for you to see on your own. Even so, identifying personal weak points is a critical initial step in order for them to be dealt with. If you succeed in removing some obstacles, you might find that the path to the future is much clearer.
Remember to practice your core principles. People have their beliefs that act as the center of themselves. Following these beliefs will help your sense of self-esteem. It gives your life meaning and a solid structure to build around. Sticking to your beliefs will also provide your life with greater consistency in every aspect, making life more manageable and you more admirable.
Leadership is the cornerstone of personal development. There are many different definitions as to what a leader is, but the most common attribute of a leader is influence. Take a good look at your journey toward leadership. Which experiences have been enriching for you? Consider how you have grown because of these events. What attributes make you a good team player? It is through these questions that you can best determine your role in a team environment.
Begin today setting some money aside regularly for emergencies. It’s common for us to add even more charges to our already overtaxed credit cards whenever an unforeseen expense arises, no matter how large or small. If you take a few dollars and put them into an emergency fund every week, you will build a nice amount of money to use whenever something unexpected arises. That fund can aid in both the long term and short term as debt goes down.
Do you drink a lot? The harmful ingredients in cigarettes can cause COPD, cancer and a huge list of other diseases. Our bodies are important to maintain, and should be treated with care. Deleting harmful patterns and obsessions will undoubtedly lead to an improved standard of living. Examine your habits, and determine whether any of them are harmful. Work toward eliminating them.
Take the time to find out what parts of your life are truly important, and concentrate on doing your best in those areas. Focus on the more positive things in life because they matter. Do not focus on the negative things because they don’t matter, and you will have a lot better inner peace.
Many people have a feeling that something is amiss in their lives, but they are not sure exactly what the problem is or where to begin to correct it. Reading this article for insight was the easy part. Next, you must commit yourself to applying these ideas to your daily life. Go back over these tips and remember the basics when you find yourself lacking motivation.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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This command starts a revolt in the province with the specified ID. You may need to type this command (with the province ID) twice for it to work.
The syntax for the revolt command is as follows:
revolt [province id]
This command has the following arguments:
|Province ID||The ID of the province you wish to create a revolt within.|
Search our database of 70 Victoria 2 commands...Alrighty Then!
Find below working examples of the revolt command.
London has a province ID of 300. This command would start a revolt within London.
Amsterdam has a province ID of 375. Using the above console command would start a revolt within Amsterdam.
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<urn:uuid:46e3daad-a8ce-4419-ab1e-81984da27b11>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://commands.gg/vic2/revolt
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en
| 0.862202
| 151
| 1.820313
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In small claims instances, you are not allowed to have a lawyer, so everybody in small claims court docket is representing himself or herself. In criminal circumstances, should you cannot afford a lawyer, the courtroom will appoint a lawyer for you, like a public defender. But in civil circumstances, you do not have the best to a court-appointed lawyer so, when you cannot afford your own lawyer, you should symbolize yourself. In federal or multi-jurisdictional law systems there could exist conflicts between the varied lower appellate courts. Sometimes these differences will not be resolved, and it might be essential to differentiate how the law is utilized in a single district, province, division or appellate division. Usually, solely an attraction accepted by the courtroom of last resort will resolve such differences and, for many causes, such appeals are often not granted.
Similarly, this rule doesn’t address the authorized duties of a lawyer who receives a document that the lawyer knows or moderately ought to know could have been wrongfully obtained by the sending individual. For purposes of this rule, “doc” consists of email or other electronic modes of transmission topic to being read or put into readable type. Criticizing Tribunals – Although proceedings and selections of tribunals are correctly subject to scrutiny and criticism by all members of the public, including attorneys, judges and members of tribunals are sometimes prohibited by law or customized from defending themselves. Their lack of ability to take action imposes particular responsibilities upon lawyers. First, a lawyer ought to avoid criticism that’s petty, intemperate, or unsupported by a bona fide perception in its actual advantage, making an allowance for that within the eyes of the general public, professional knowledge lends weight to the lawyer’s judgments or criticism. Second, if a lawyer has been concerned within the proceedings, there’s the danger that any criticism could also be, or may appear to be, partisan rather than goal.
Responding To Shopper’s Declare
Marketing practices should conform to the necessities of human rights legal guidelines in pressure in Ontario. This Rule establishes, amongst other issues, requirements for communication within the advertising of legal providers. These necessities apply to completely different forms of advertising, including advertisements about the dimension, location and nature of the lawyer’s apply and about awards, rankings and endorsements from third parties. A person who is vulnerable or who has suffered a traumatic expertise and has not yet had a chance to recover might have the professional help of a lawyer, and this rule does not forestall a lawyer from offering their help to such a person. A lawyer is permitted to offer help to an individual if an in depth relative or personal pal of the particular person contacts the lawyer for this function, and to supply help to an individual with whom the lawyer has a detailed family or professional relationship. The rule prohibits the lawyer from utilizing unconscionable or exploitive or different means that deliver the career or the administration of justice into disrepute.
- The roles of these individuals may not be discrete, as completely different officials at totally different ranges in numerous departments provide recommendation and recommendations.
- The OHSA additionally supplies that an inspector could order, at the employer’s expense, a third party investigation into allegations of office harassment.
- If you care sufficient only to wear sweats to the courthouse, then the choose will see that you don’t care, and that shall be reflected of their want that will help you, take heed to you, and decide in your favor.
At any time during the course of a case, the parties can comply with resolve their disputes and reach a compromise to avoid the expense of trial or the danger of shedding at trial. Settlement usually entails the fee of money and can even be structured to end in an enforceable judgment. The Civil Law Self-Help Center does not provide info or varieties for legal cases.
You will usually be charged this charge even if the legal professional tells you that you simply don’t have a authorized declare towards your employer. Sometimes you’ll communicate to a authorized assistant or a paralegal as a substitute of an attorney. The authorized assistant or a paralegal will then gather the information for an legal professional to evaluation your case before a choice is made to arrange an appointment. A lawyer could refuse to offer proof that the lawyer reasonably believes is fake. If a lawyer has offered material proof and comes to know of its falsity, the lawyer shall take reasonable remedial measures. Link each individual, appointment, e mail, and doc to the correct matter.
Plea In a criminal case, the defendant’s statement pleading “guilty” or “not responsible” in reply to the costs. Parole Commission – after the inmate has accomplished part of his or her sentence in a federal prison. When the parolee is released to the group, she or he is positioned under the supervision of a U.S. probation officer. No-asset case A Chapter 7 case by which there aren’t any assets available to fulfill any portion of the creditors’ unsecured claims. When a mistrial is said, the trial should begin once more with the selection of a brand new jury. Liquidation The sale of a debtor’s property with the proceeds for use for the benefit of collectors.
Supreme Court Commutes Dying Sentence Awarded To A Person Accused Of Rape And Murder Of A Three Yr Old Woman Child
Jury The group of individuals chosen to pay attention to the proof in a trial and render a verdict on matters of fact. In forma pauperis “In the style of a pauper.” Permission given by the court docket to an individual to file a case with out payment of the required court docket fees as a end result of the person can not pay them. For example, if the legal professional can show that the witness may have fabricated portions of his testimony, the witness is claimed to be “impeached;” 2. The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives might “impeach” excessive officers of the federal government, who are then tried by the Senate. Discharge A launch of a debtor from private legal responsibility for certain dischargeable debts.
Keep information according to custom fields, and get real-time updates in Matter Timelines. Automate the entire intake process to avoid wasting time, scale back prices, and improve confidence. Share consumption varieties with customized fields to mechanically seize and organize info. Our association with White & Case builds on White & Case’s well-established and profitable Indonesia follow.
The client’s consent to disclosure of such information could also be specifically addressed in a retainer agreement between the lawyer and shopper. In some circumstances, nonetheless, because of the character of the retainer, the transferring lawyer and the model new law firm could also be required to acquire the consent of shoppers to such disclosure or to the disclosure of any further information about the shoppers. A lawyer’s skilled judgment is at concern in each charge dispute case. Failure to collect a big authorized payment can endanger the lawyer’s standing in his agency and within the bigger legal or consumer neighborhood. Fee collection claims usually result in moral complaints, and counterclaims for malpractice, fraud, breach of fiduciary obligation, or breach of contract. Even if a malpractice claim is weak the lawyer should ordinarily disclose the claim to his partners and malpractice insurer.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://lastestlaw.xyz/glossary-of-authorized-phrases.html
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en
| 0.952234
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The Serbian Web Journalism School was recently featured in an independent online Journalism site called Journalism.co.uk and the report says that the school will be introducing new online elements to its teaching curriculum in the early part of 2009:
* Each student has a blog. They have to produce one post per week based on assignments. Feeds from their blogs are available on NetVibes, here.
* An online programme will be launched early in the new year, making use of web tools such as SlideShare.net, which will enable lecturers to embed their audio narration over presentation slides.
* A book on web journalism is in preparation, which they hope to publish it in few months.
* Bilingual lectures are planned for the second half of 2009.
Meanwhile the classes of the school are progressing well. American photograph and reporter Russell Gordon took a crash course on photojournalism for the participants.
Russel Gordon, photo by zikica.zivkovic
Some reactions of the students from the project blog:
Darko Nikolić wrote “photograph can sublimate creation of web-journalist making his work more special, and considerable.”
Students listening to Gordon's lecture. Photo by cbojan
Besides talking with Mr. Russell Gordon, students had a lesson to analyze economic situation of Serbia in relation to the countries in region:
Gordana Erić observed that Serbia is most expensive of all countries created on the region of ex-SFRJ. The prices of basic life comestibles are among the highest in the region.
Ljubisa Bojic conducted the lecture no. nine on role of photography in web journalism on December 27, 2008:
How to create a good photo? What are the possible use of photographs in the web-journalism? Students opened accounts in the social network “Flickr” to upload their photos.
They learned how to create slide show with the uploaded pictures and publish on their web sites. After that some students made web-comics with the help of the online service “Pimpampum”.
The students were also taught how to organize their sites using netvibes.
In a recent session the student journalists also engaged in a philosophical discussion on the topic “Lethargy that rules Serbia over the past several years”:
Gordana Erić believed that the main points of the lesson are the facts that society got into crisis primarily because of the bad educational system, unbalanced society qualities, and certain character lineaments of our people, among the rest the one which for all mismatches blame everyone else.
Katarina Jovanović said that Absolute Genius tried to explain with „selected” words that they should not only „stink and wait” anymore, but under lot URGENT to do something when it comes to their lives and surround.
Thumbnail image by zikica.zivkovic
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| 0.955958
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| 2.125
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During this panel, Tony Rinaudo (the forest-maker) and other representatives of the approach of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) – a Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) method – will be discussing the potential of FMNR for restoration of African landscapes with Volker Schlöndorff (the film-maker). A short trailer of Schlöndorff’s documentary “The Forest Maker” will be featured during the session and impressions about the production of the film will be shared. It will be announced that the full film/documentary will be shown in the evening of the same day (Friday, November 5th at 7:00 – 8:30 GMT here). Afterwards, the importance of cooperation between ‘grassroots level’ and ‘framework setting’ organizations will be discussed. Furthermore, the panelist will discuss the need for a combined ‘bottom up’ and ‘top down’ approach in the frame of the African Forest Landscape Restoration Initiative (AFR100) including local communities and knowledge as well as women and youth for a successful and sustainable restoration of landscape for food security, forest protection and more. The initiative propagates FLR in over 30 countries, which are committed to restore close to 130 million hectares of forest.
- The Forest Maker | Trailer (watch here)
- Forest-maker | Training on FMNR (watch here)
- Whitepaper: The Film-maker meets the Forest-maker – The story behind FMNR and its role for restoration of African landscapes!
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.globallandscapesforum.org/video/the-film-maker-meets-the-forest-maker-the-story-behind-fmnr-and-its-role-for-restoration-of-african-landscapes/
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en
| 0.925142
| 347
| 1.882813
| 2
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Longer follow-up needed for malaria treatment in pregnant women
2 July 2019
New research by Makoto Saito and colleagues at SMRU found that a longer follow-up is required to assess antimalarial drug efficacy in pregnant women. This was found across all drugs assessed in low malaria transmission settings. The report’s authors have called for guidelines specifically for pregnant women and further investigation of optimal follow-up periods in high malaria transmission settings.
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<urn:uuid:63ca7cc2-f5eb-4c25-920b-5b94faacc5d2>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.tropicalmedicine.ox.ac.uk/news/longer-follow-up-needed-for-malaria-treatment-in-pregnant-women
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en
| 0.951463
| 98
| 1.953125
| 2
|
What kind of ID do I need to vote in person?
PHOENIX (3TV/CBS 5) - When you arrive to vote at the polls on Election Day you will announce your name and place of residence to the election official. Then you will need to present your identification. Depending on the form of identification, you will show either one form of identification from List #1 or two different forms of identification from List #2 or 3.
Valid identification is also required prior to receiving a ballot at any in-person early voting location or emergency vote center or from a special election board.
List #1 - Sufficient Photo ID including name and address (One Required)
- Valid Arizona driver’s license
- Valid Arizona non-operating identification card
- Tribal enrollment card or another form of tribal identification
- Valid United States federal, state, or local government-issued identification
List #2 - Sufficient ID without a photograph that bears the name and address (Two Required)
- Utility bill of the elector that is dated within 90 days of the date of the election. A utility bill may be for electric, gas, water, solid waste, sewer, telephone, cellular phone, or cable television
- Bank or credit union statement that is dated within 90 days of the date of the election
- Valid Arizona Vehicle Registration
- Indian census card
- Property tax statement of the elector’s residence
- Tribal enrollment card or other form of tribal identification
- Arizona vehicle insurance card
- Recorder’s Certificate
- Valid United States federal, state, or local government-issued identification, including a voter registration card issued by the County Recorder
- Any mailing to the elector marked “Official Election Material”
List #3 - Mix & Match from Lists #1 & #2 (Two Required)
- Any valid photo identification from List 1 in which the address does not reasonably match the precinct register accompanied by a non-photo identification from List 2 in which the address does reasonably match the precinct register
- U.S. Passport without address and one valid item from List 2
- U.S. Military identification without address and one valid item from List 2
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.azfamily.com/page/what-kind-of-id-do-i-need-to-vote-in-person/
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en
| 0.907515
| 451
| 1.578125
| 2
|
The AHA Supports the Revised Framework for the US AP History Exam
The release of a new framework for the Advanced Placement examination in United States history has provoked controversy over the purpose, nature, and content of the AP course. The AHA supports the direction that the College Board has taken with this new approach to Advanced Placement history education, as indicated in the framework and in the sample exam released by the College Board.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Attribution must provide author name, article title, Perspectives on History, date of publication, and a link to this page. This license applies only to the article, not to text or images used here by permission.
Please read our commenting and letters policy before submitting.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/october-2014/aha-statement-of-support
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| 0.89771
| 170
| 1.929688
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In an interview March 26 David Frum, author and political commentator, provided compelling insights into the decision-making processes gripping the White House. He spoke about how much of what was happening was framed around the President’s previous experience of fighting off multiple bankruptcies. Survival has been long etched into his psyche. Frum made an interesting observation that after survival, the President’s operating principles were based on winning and escaping.
These are the dead weights of leadership.
All of us have them. Mindsets evolve as a result of past experiences; silently, they guide our every move on the chessboard. Unchecked, they are the early authors of tunnel vision, blind spots and what we take for granted.
Today, dead weight dynamics unconsciously shape decisions being made on our behalf. Advocates of “herd immunity” have counselled a few world leaders to let COVID-19 take its course. The survival of the economy, they say, hangs in the balance. Opponents, passionately make the case for saving as many lives as possible and using whatever means available to accomplish this. Leaders are urged to creatively outthink this nasty virus, reinvent core products and services, thrashing it to bits.
Emerging from these two views is a dilemma that every country, every company, every community and every individual will find themselves facing in the coming months. They will need to become masters of “prag-manity”. I define this quality as the purposeful balancing of what’s expedient – as in what is the most pragmatic course of action and what’s right – as in what’s best for humanity.
The new yoga of leadership is the pause
In my last post, about leading during COVID-19, I wrote about leaders needing to become compression experts. But to take advantage of this, leaders need methods to pause before they make decisions. Reflecting critically is the new step back. Flexibly bending back on past experiences helps leaders to see themselves – warts and all – with a sharper, critical eye. This form of reflection is what I call the new yoga of leadership.
As leaders face unrelenting pressure to make decisions, they need to pause, exploring their own dead weight. These are the moments that cause mis-steps. Blunders we had no intention of making. Add to this the need to hastily take in expert insight while absorbing ridiculous amounts of information and you’re soon swimming in a toxic soup of assumptions. Topping it off, we are integrating all of these inputs at the pace of the last minute of a Raptor’s game. In this sense, speed really can kill.
We all know the end game in this pandemic: to make hurried, but effective decisions that are least harmful to those most vulnerable. The antithesis to “move fast and break things”.
It’s widely acknowledged leaders are hired because they know how to jump into action. Here’s where pause one comes into play. Stare down, acknowledge and assess the “dead weight” you may be carrying around. Think about past hurts, failures, victories and everything in between. Have these experiences made you become the bully? The hero? The victim? Write these down. This is the scar tissue that may be clouding your judgement. Ask yourself how they could influence your ability to make a clear-eyed decision right now.
Pause two centres on improving decisions by gaining psychological and where possible, physical distance from them. How many of us have gone out for a run or taken a coffee break, for example, to find that when we return to the decision at hand, new perspectives and insights flood our mind. So make a careful calculation: confirm when you need to make the decision and then…back away. Even five minutes can make a difference.
From there, pause three helps us find room to manoeuvre. Think of it like hiking around the perimeter of the Grand Canyon, where you take in, and make sense of, the complete vista while struggling with vertigo. Many leaders dread dizzying decision making exercises. They’re like drinking from an informational firehouse. Research reveals that decision making while drowning in data leads to poor decisions. Take the time available to visualize outcomes, peer through multiple lenses, weigh resources and constraints. On the human side, be hyper-aware of the input of those around you…and those closest to the decision. is one of the most refreshing pauses of the three.
Making the time to master the stare down, the step back and the edge walk are capabilities worth developing. Leaders everywhere, if they haven’t already, need to prepare themselves for the pause. A few minutes of purposeful reflection can influence whether you shut down your enterprise or retool it. Being a student of prag-manity ensures you have a fighting chance to make a decision that is both pragmatic – and humane.
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<urn:uuid:ab7d2af4-992a-4cec-9cff-488ea0ea858c>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://birchgroveinc.com/blog/page/3/
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Yes, the Tories have said they want less airports and more trains. And is if by Magic, a shiny new plan is presented. Ah, travelling from Glasgow to London in 2 hours 15 mins (do you think many people will be buying return tickets though?).
However, this huge project will cost billions. Transport is one area where Government has to invest as the private market does not really work due to the 'tyranny of the majority' (everyone wants it but no one wants to pay).
But what we really need to help everyone in the country are new and better roads. 80% of journeys are by road. Far more people use cars than trains. As much as we need to improve the rail infrastructure, we need to upgrade the roads too.
Even global warming obsessives can see cars are here to stay. They may be electric or work on biofuel, but cars are not an invention that will be uninvented.
Only 10% of road taxes (£45 billion) are spent on roads. Neither Labour nor Tory are car friendly; as such neither can claim to be populist as this would require being cognisant that the majority of voters are road users and would like better infrastructure.
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At Bloom, we believe each child is unique and that is why our hands-on individualized learning environment is designed to foster independent growth and development, allowing each child to grow and learn successfully at their own pace. Bloom strives to provide a safe, developmentally appropriate environment for the children and families we serve. Our focus is to provide a stimulating early care and education experience, which promotes each child's social/emotional, physical and cognitive development. Our goal is to support children's desire to be life-long learners.
We define quality care by:
Meeting the needs of each individual child
Using the children’s interest to facilitate their learning & develop appropriate curriculum
Providing a child based rather than teacher led program
Establishing strong bonds and respect between children & teachers
Strong relationships between home & school
Goals for the children:
Develop a sense of empathy for others
Develop a sense of self as a valued, strong, capable & confident member of the classroom community
Build & expand relationships with teachers & peers
Encourage a natural curiosity
Explore their independence
Learn through play experiences & social interactions
Prepare for school success
Our Core Values
We are more than just a school community, we are a family.
Happiness and experiences are a top priority here at Bloom.
There is WHY behind everything we do here at Bloom. Everything we believe in is portrayed throughout our day to day activities.
Learning is built on the foundation of love, trust & care for every child at Bloom.
Every member of our Bloom teaching team pushes each other and works together to gain the resources to become the very best
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This was to help the students to be well prepared for high schools.
These public schools do not always prepare their students for higher education.
Such an approach, they say, would help high schools better prepare students for college.
In those early days, Eastern prepared its students to become teachers.
There are resources available to prepare both students and teachers for the test.
"Our students are very well prepared in critical reading and writing skills."
Most of these programs include materials to help teachers prepare students.
But there are no plans at present to prepare students for government management.
Thus students are prepared to face trying situations beyond the school.
They discussed how best to prepare students for the test.
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Assam-Mizoram Border Dispute
- 20 Oct 2020
- 5 min read
Why in News
Recently, Assam-Mizoram border witnessed firing over a territory dispute, which spotlights the long-standing inter-state boundary issues in the Northeast, particularly between Assam and the states which were carved out of it.
- Mizoram borders Assam’s Barak Valley and the boundary between present-day Assam and Mizoram is 165 km long. Both states border Bangladesh.
- Ongoing Tussle:
- Residents of Lailapur village in Assam’s Cachar district clashed with residents of localities near Vairengte in Mizoram’s Kolasib district.
- Earlier in October 2020, a similar clash took place on the border of Karimganj (Assam) and Mamit (Mizoram) districts.
- Mizoram civil society groups blame “illegal Bangladeshis” (alleged migrants from Bangladesh) on the Assam side.
- The boundary issue between present-day Assam and Mizoram dates back to the colonial era when inner lines were demarcated according to the administrative needs of British Raj.
- The issue could not be settled once and for all when the state was created in independent India. The result is both states continue to have a differing perception of the border.
- Mizoram was granted statehood in 1987 by the State of Mizoram Act, 1986.
- Assam became a constituent state of India in 1950 and lost much of its territory to new states that emerged from within its borders between the early 1960s and the early 1970s.
- The Assam-Mizoram dispute stems from a notification of 1875 that differentiated Lushai Hills from the plains of Cachar, and another of 1933 that demarcates a boundary between Lushai Hills and Manipur.
- During colonial times, Mizoram was known as Lushai Hills, a district of Assam.
- Mizoram believes the boundary should be demarcated on the basis of the 1875 notification, which is derived from the Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation (BEFR) Act, 1873.
- Mizo leaders have argued in the past against the demarcation notified in 1933 because Mizo society was not consulted.
- The Assam government follows the 1933 demarcation, and that is the point of conflict.
- According to an agreement between the governments of Assam and Mizoram, the status quo should be maintained in no man’s land in the border area.
- In the Northeast’s complex boundary equations, clashes between Assam and Mizoram residents are less frequent than they are between other neighbouring states of Assam, like with Nagaland.
- Other Boundary Issues in Northeast:
- During British rule, Assam included present-day Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya besides Mizoram, which became separate states one by one.
- Currently, Assam has boundary problems with each of them.
- Nagaland shares a 500-km boundary with Assam.
- It achieved statehood in December 1963 and was formed out of the Naga Hills district of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh (then North-East Frontier Agency).
- Violent clashes and armed conflicts, marked by killings, have occurred on the Assam-Nagaland border since 1965.
- The boundary dispute is in the Supreme Court.
- Assam-Arunachal Pradesh:
- Both states have a boundary of over 800 km.
- Arunachal Pradesh was granted statehood by the State of Arunachal Pradesh Act, 1986 in 1987.
- Clashes were first reported in 1992 and since then, there have been several accusations of illegal encroachment from both sides, and intermittent clashes.
- This boundary issue is also being heard by the Supreme Court.
- The 884-km boundary between the two states also witnesses flare-ups.
- Meghalaya came into existence as an autonomous state within the state of Assam in April 1970 comprising the United Khasi and Jaintia Hills and the Garo Hills districts. In 1972, it got statehood.
- As per Meghalaya government statements, today there are 12 areas of dispute between the two states.
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Although it is true that this vegetable is found throughout the year, it is now, when its season begins. Discover in this post all the benefits and curiosities of one of the most popular vegetables.
It is believed thatTheir cultivation began about 5,000 years ago and they are originally from Asia, but the truth is that in Europe they began to be known and consumed after the discovery of America. Today they are grown almost all over the world in areas with mild climates.
Green beans are the immature fruits of the legume plant Phaseolus vulgaris, known by different names: beans, kidney beans, kidney beans or kidney beans. Young pods can have various shapes (flat orrounded), colors (green, purple, mottled pink, yellow ...) and sizes. So much variation is due to the different crosses between plants, and the adaptations to all kinds of conditions in which they have been cultivated in their long history.
Like most vegetables, its water content is very important, being able to reach 90% of its weight. Regarding minerals, it is worth noting the high potassium and low sodium content that favors the elimination of excess liquids.of the organism.
Green beans are an important source of vitamin C. The functions of this vitamin are very broad, but one of the main ones is its ability to neutralize free radicals.it is. This antioxidant function helps the body to avoid cellular aging and the appearance of numerous degenerative diseases. Folates are another of the nutrients that it provides us, especially suitable for pregnant women. In less quantity we find B vitamins, necessary for the proper functioning of tissues and muscles of the body, among other things.
Due to their soluble fiber content, they are a good option when it comes to aHelp our body to lower cholesterol levels, as well as improve intestinal transit and prevent constipation.
They also have small amounts of carotenes and lutein . In relation to thisThe compounds, there are numerous studies that have indicated that they are effective antioxidants, providing protection against oxidative damage in cells; and that at the same time they are able to stimulate immune function. In this way, they preserveall its qualities during a period of time that oscillates between five and ten days.
In the market
Green beans are vegetables that we can always find in the market, however their optimal time is from April to September. In the market, choose the firmer ones and those that have a coloralive and bright. The highest quality are those with little marked seeds. If we bring the ends of the pod close and it does not break, it is not fresh. The best way to keep them is in a perforated plastic bag and store them on the pLess cold art from the fridge.
In the kitchen
Green beans can be found in all markets in the world, as they are used in any gastronomy. Its mild flavor with a toqthat sweetness is highly appreciated in all kitchens. They are very versatile in the kitchen, the best way to cook them is to steam them for five to seven minutes. Then you can prepare them in salads, add them to scrambled eggs, sauté them ... or simply cook them.mix them with other vegetables in puree or stew.
Although we find them all year round, now is their season and we can enjoy all of their newly renovated properties.rtadas. Don't forget to include them in your recipes!
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We are smarter, faster, and better than any virus, but only if we work together. My favorite medieval historian, Yuval Noah Harari, gives us historical context in this Time magazine article. As usual, leadership matters.
“In this moment of crisis, the crucial struggle takes place within humanity itself. If this epidemic results in greater disunity and mistrust among humans, it will be the virus’s greatest victory. When humans squabble – viruses double. In contrast, if the epidemic results in closer global cooperation, it will be a victory not only against the coronavirus, but against all future pathogens.”
One source of information I am finding very helpful during this time of poor leadership is Dr John Campbell out of the U.K. He is publishing at least one video a day (on YouTube) full of very helpful background, tips and tools, what is going on in other counties. Highly recommended.
Cullen Murphy has written a fascinating article in the February 2020 issue of The Atlantic titled Before Zuckerberg, Gutenberg. It is about how successive waves of innovation were spurred by the introduction of the printing press. Some of the innovation and disruption we experience today are related to these earlier waves, even though digital technology is a new phenomenon. “… we no longer register the impact of the printing press because we have no easy way to retrieve the ambient sensation of “before,” just as we can’t retrieve, and can barely imagine, what life was like when only scattered licks of flame could pierce the darkness of night.”
It is a short read but packed with interesting details about connections between disruptions. A favorite: “More books and rising literacy created an eyeglass industry, which in turn brought advances in lens-making, which ultimately made possible the telescope and spelled the end of biblical cosmology.”
As human species continues its march to a future we really cannot know, I appreciate the cultural mapmakers like Cullen who think about these matters.
Do you get this guy’s emails? He writes (a lot) about the music industry, politics, his observations of life in general. I often agree with his point of view, and I admire his prolific output. This from today’s letter, about the Democratic debates in South Carolina last night:
This election is about hope.
I am utterly astounded that the media and most of those running, never mind the consultants, just don’t get this. They believe this is a game, a known quantity, and he or she with the most experience and expertise wins.
But they are wrong. A tsunami has already wiped out that game, but the people with the most money and the most power are somehow unaware of this.
His site is here; you can sign up for his letter here.
I just received this report from Sarah King (Invigorate PT & Wellness) and Casey Farlow (Theory Health). It is a terrific summary and evaluation of 16 important and recent Parkinson’s nutrition research studies on a variety of diet and supplementation topics relevant to Parkinson’s patients. It includes a link to the actual hard-copy of each study. Highly recommended to anyone interested in the connection between the food we eat and disease.
A new study published in the journal Environmental Health is of interest to those of us with Parkinson’s. Titled Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence, the work documents what may be links between road proximity and air pollution with cognitive impairment, such as Parkinson’s. There is a good summary abstract at the link.
I’ve read several articles since the new year began about reducing sugar in your diet. In every case, it seems the author danced around the “what to actually eat” question. I’m here to tell you clearly: stop eating cereal. Anything that is manufactured in a plant, and then sold in a box, is not going to taste great unless it has sugar added.
Instead, have eggs, or soup, or my favorite – a big salad with local organic greens, some good quality olive oil, and some nuts and avocado. Fills up your stomach with good fiber, vitamins, and minerals while giving your brain and mitochondria the best fuel they can get.
It’s the first year of a new decade folks. Let’s eat different!
Well, this article certainly sums it up. Your future is yours to create until suddenly it isn’t anymore. The reader comments on this article were particularly interesting to me..
” … the aging of America demands serious reconsideration of the way we live. Confronting the issue and its many implications, from Medicare’s failure to cover long-term care to the ethics of physician-assisted dying, requires what seems to be the most difficult task for human beings — thinking about the future.”
Watching a woman smoking a cigarette and walking down the street in Montreal, I am struck by the number of idiotic habitual behaviors to which humans wed themselves. You wouldn’t see a dog walking around smoking.
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The Roman de la Rose Digital Library team proudly announces the addition of three new manuscripts to our digital library. These additions bring the total number of manuscripts up to 145. This new batch is especially interesting because they are owned by libraries outside of France–we have two new German manuscripts and one from Spain. Each of these were originally produced in France in the 14th and 15th centuries.
Our first new manuscript, BH Ms. 387 comes to us courtesy of the Bibliotèca Històrica of the Universitat de València. With more than 160 beautiful miniatures, this manuscript is one of the most lavishly illustrated in the collection. Many of the illustrations span two columns in width. Heidrun Ost wrote an extensive essay about the illustrations in this manuscript. While it is not certain who commissioned the work, there is speculation that it was Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy. The style of illumination is similar to other manuscripts that the duke ordered for his collection. The Valencia Rose contains the usual text plus the “Testament de Jean de Meun”, the “Codicille de Jean de Meun”, and the “Articles de la Foy”.
The second new manuscript, Cod. gall. 80 is part of the collection of the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin. This 14th century manuscript has smaller and fewer miniatures than our Valencia example, but they are all in brilliant colors. In addition, there are many decorated initials on every page.
Finally we have Ham. 577, also from the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin. In addition to the text of the Roman de la Rose, this manuscript has a “mystery” section at the end. This section has many geometric illustrations, and does not appear to relate to the Rose. Can you help us with this? Please post a comment on this blog post if you can help with any information.
We owe a big debt of gratitude to the two libraries that supplied the images for these manuscripts. It is this type of community cooperation that enables us to continue to build this digital library.
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exploring inter and intra cellular interactions
A blueprint of the brain. A set of tools for loading and analyzing connectome data into a Neo4j database. Analyze and explore connectome data stored in Neo4j using the neuPrint ecosystem: neuPrintHTTP, neuPrintExplorer, Python API.
- Neo4j version 3.5.3
- apoc version 220.127.116.11
hemibrain (hemibrain v1.0) : from "A Connectome of the Adult Drosophila Central Brain" (C. Shan Xu, et al. 2020)
mushroombody (mb6) : from "A connectome of a learning and memory center in the adult Drosophila brain" (Takemura, et al. 2017)
medulla7column (fib25) : from "Synaptic circuits and their variations within different columns in the visual system of Drosophila" (Takemura, et al. 2015)
Download the Hemibrain Data Set
- The hemibrain dataset (v1.0.1) is available for download on Google Bucket or by using gsutil
gs://hemibrain-release/neuprint/hemibrain_v1.0.1_neo4j_inputs.zip. Format of these files are csv and can be imported into neo4j to generate a neuPrint database.
Load mushroombody (mb6) connectome data into Neo4j
Instructions on how to create a neuPrint instance of the mushroombody(mb6).
Load your own connectome data into Neo4j using neuPrint
neuPrint Property Graph Model
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<urn:uuid:e4a927ed-7501-461e-983d-463bfe349889>
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https://github.com/connectome-neuprint/neuPrint
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| 0.672665
| 387
| 1.796875
| 2
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Exploring land sparing vs sharing strategies in the Chaco region
Conciliating the increasing food demand with biodiversity conservation and the maintenance of ecosystem services is one of the main challenges in applied ecology, with important consequences for the livelihoods of rural people. The Gran Chaco is a region of more than 1.2 mill. Km2 which extends over Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It is estimated that in the last 30 years, 85% of undisturbed Chaco forest has been converted to pastures and agricultural lands or is undergoing secondary succession. This process is the result of two land use contrasting strategies taking place in the region: land sparing vs. sharing. Land sparing, or the intensification of an export-oriented agriculture while sparing land for nature conservation, is the dominant land use strategy for the Chaco region. This region is suffering high rates of land use change mainly from forests to soybean plantation fields and to unproductive shrub lands. The land sparing strategy predicts recovery of degraded forests due to rural-urban migration, a process that accompanies agricultural intensification. Land sparing contrasts with existing practices of land sharing consisting on low intensity farming associated with traditional puestos that are currently scattered throughout the region. Low intensity farming results in the degradation of primary forest, thereby hindering the survival of some flag species, such as the jaguar or the chacoan peccary. Supporters of the land sharing strategy maintain that a matrix of degraded forest is more suitable than a mosaic of intensive agricultural fields and nature reserves for both the maintenance of ecosystem services and social wellbeing (including issues of food sovereignty and social justice that are not always incorporated in land sparing analyses). To identify the driving factors of this rapid land use change we need to understand the spatial process of land use change and the interaction of the socio-economic and ecological variables involved. This will enable modeling of future scenarios under land sparing or sharing support politics, which may be used as a basis for future research hypotheses and as planning tools for policy makers. Based on the Argentinean province of Santiago del Estero, we show a historical analysis of land use in the region along with the empirical modeling of the process. The results show annual conversion rates of primary forests of 14%, mainly in the eastern side of the province. About 63% of primary forest transitioned to agriculture and pasture, and 30% of primary forest became degraded. Distance to agriculture and pastures and distance to roads were the variables that best predicted land cover change. Distance to villages was associated with the conversion of primary forest but not of degraded forest. The model predicts a loss of 58% of forest cover for 2050 based on historical changes. These preliminary analyses do not support a process of Land Sparing going on in the Province.
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- Our Services
- Events and Training
John Straube is a principal at RDH and a professor of building science in the Civil Engineering Department and School of Architecture at the University of Waterloo. Energy-efficient, healthy, durable and sustainable building designs are a general goal of his research, which is often supported by advanced computer simulation, laboratory testing and full-scale natural exposure performance monitoring. Dr. Straube has consulted to many major building product manufacturers, government agencies (CMHC, NRC/IRC,UN, NRCan, DOE, EPA), and a range of design professionals and building owners. Considered an international expert in moisture-related durability issues, his building science expertise has been applied to moldy roofs, failed masonry, leaky EIFS cladding, insulating Mongolian yurts, wet basements, rotting crawlspaces and attics, historically sensitive retrofits, and litigation support for buildings as diverse as commercial office towers, manufactured housing, and sustainable strawbale homes.
Dr. Straube has been involved in the preparation of design and construction guides for numerous organizations, and has published dozens of technical papers in academic peer-reviewed conferences and journals as well as trade journals and magazines. He is the author of High Performance Enclosures: Design Guide for Institutional, Commercial and Industrial Buildings in Cold Climates and co-author of Building Science for Building Enclosure Design.
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https://www.buildingscience.com/users/john-straube
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Data released last month by the Office for Civil Rights of the U.S. Department of Education (OCR) revealed major gaps in educational resources and opportunities provided to low income and minority students. Specifically, this extensive study found that:
Schools serving mainly African-American students are twice as likely to have teachers with only one or two years of experience than schools in the same district serving mainly White students.
Less than one-fourth of school districts surveyed ran prekindergarten programs for children from lower income families.
2% of the students surveyed with disabilities were enrolled in at least one Advanced Placement class.
Approximately 3,000 surveyed schools did not offer Algebra II classes last year and approximately 7,300 surveyed schools did not offer calculus.
The Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) of 2009-2010 covers the 2009-2010 school year. This data collection is the largest assemblage of public school demographic data ever compiled and is the first data collection to report students’ participation rates in algebra, college-preparatory courses, and teacher experience. The primary purpose of the CRDC is to acquire data about the ability of public schools throughout the country to provide equal educational opportunities across race/ethnicity, sex, limited English proficiency, and disability categories.
The 2009-2010 CRDC is a two-part survey that includes all districts with more than 3,000 enrolled students, state-operated schools for students who are deaf or blind, and state-operated long-term juvenile justice facilities and boot camps—more than 72,000 schools and 7,000 districts in total.
This data collection consists of a wide range of data, including: school characteristics, enrollment, math and science course-taking, the certification requirements of full-time employees, and the total number of students awaiting special education evaluation. The data in Part 1 of the study, which are provided by school, but not by state, can be found at the Office of Civil Right’s website: http://ocrdata.ed.gov. A further analysis of the data alongside other federal education data undertaken by ProPublica found that in some states high-poverty schools are less likely to have students enrolled in Advanced Placement or higher-level math and science classes. Their compete results and methodology on their Educational Opportunity Project are available to the public.
The second installment of the Civil Rights Data Collection is expected to be released in the fall. This dataset will include information, amongst a host of issues, regarding grade-level promotion rates, teacher absenteeism rates, school funding, incidents of harassment and bullying, and student discipline. The next data collection—which occurs on average every two years—is expected to include every public school in the country.
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https://www.schoolfunding.info/news/ocr-data-reveals-major-inequities-in-resource-availability/
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In Why Males Need Initiation, Fr. Richard Rohr shows how primal societies have demonstrated that cultural survival is dependent on personal spirituality. Unfortunately, the proven way to lead males on this journey has been lost to the West for a thousand years. Fr. Richard addresses the reality that if men are not led through an inner journey of powerlessness, they will inevitably misunderstand and abuse power.
This video is published as a four part series on the on the CAC YouTube Channel, parts 1 and 2 are published on our website. This video is sourced from the Center for Action and Contemplation (CAC) YouTube Channel.
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https://www.stillnessspeaks.com/video/males-need-initiation-part-1/
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| 0.946958
| 126
| 1.78125
| 2
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Is 14th May a bank holiday?
In some states, banks will also remain shut on 14 May on the account of Bhagwan Shri Parshuram Jayanti. On 26 May, on the account of Buddha Purnima, banks in some states will remain closed. Apart from this, banks will remain shut on 8 May (second Saturday) and 22 May (fourth Saturday).
Why is 14th May a holiday?
Banks in few states will be closed on May 13 on account of Ramzan-Id (Id-Ul-Fitr) (Shawal-1). These include Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala and Maharashtra. In many other states it will be a bank holiday on May 14 (i.e., Friday) due to Bhagvan Shree Parshuram Jayanti/Ramjan-Eid (Eid-UI-Fitra)/Basava Jayanti/Akshaya Tritiya.
Is Monday bank holiday in India?
Both public and private sector banks stay closed on public and state- or country-specific holidays. Here’s a list of bank holidays in 2022 in India….Bank Holidays 2022 in India.
|17 January 2022||Monday||Kaanum Pongal|
|26 January 2022||Wednesday||Republic Day|
|5 February 2022||Saturday||Vasant Panchami|
Is today a working day for SBI?
Normally State Bank of India is closed on all public or national holidays….Today SBI Bank Open OR Not in Karnataka.
|SBI Bank Working Days in Karnataka||SBI Bank Working Hours in Karnataka|
|State Bank of India Opening Time On 1st, 3rd and 5th Saturday||09:00 Am To 4:00 Pm|
|SBI Bank On 2nd and 4th Saturday in Karnataka||Closed|
|SBI Bank On Sunday||Closed|
What holidays are on May 14th?
May 14, 2021 – NATIONAL DANCE LIKE A CHICKEN DAY – NATIONAL DECENCY DAY – NATIONAL UNDERGROUND AMERICA DAY – NATIONAL BUTTERMILK BISCUIT DAY.
What national day is it on May 14?
NATIONAL DECENCY DAY HISTORY Initially, Cholnoky designed the DECENCY button and wore it every day. The impact was immediate; the message contagious. In July 2017, DECENCY and 535 DECENCY buttons were mailed to each member of the U.S. Congress.
Is 14 April a bank holiday in India?
© Provided by News18 Is 14 April a Bank Holiday? Banks to Remain Closed for 4 Straight Days This Week; See List Bank Holidays in April 2022: Starting from Thursday, April 14, Thursday, banks across all public and private sectors in most parts of India will be closed for four straight days till April 17, Sunday.
What are bank holidays in India?
Knowing bank holidays in advance can help you in planning your bank visits and other bank-related work. Bank holidays are of two types: National Holidays and Government Holidays. India observes three national holidays that include 1) Republic Day 2) Independence Day and 3) Mahatma Gandhi Jayanti.
How many bank holidays are there in April this year?
Bank holidays have always varied from one state to another and these 9 bank holidays will be in effect in different states of the country. On the account of Bihu, banks in the state of Assam will be closed for 3 days on 13 April, 14 April and 15 April.
Are banks in India closed on April 14th?
Banks to Remain Closed for 4 Straight Days This Week; See List Bank Holidays in April 2022: Starting from Thursday, April 14, Thursday, banks across all public and private sectors in most parts of India will be closed for four straight days till April 17, Sunday.
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With atmospheric CO2 levels predicted to reach an all-time peak this spring, progressive EV brand Everrati™ explores how we can slow down the rate of acceleration.
Everrati™ – Founded in 2019, Everrati™ is dedicated to lowering the environmental impact of iconic cars, by replacing combustion engines with high-tech electric powertrains.
Reflecting the upmost respect for these iconic vehicles and their unique identity, Everrati™ both preserves and revitalises, offering unparalleled luxury, performance, and precision engineered electric power. Compassionately restoring each masterpiece, Everrati™ not only replaces the traditional combustion engine with a custom designed, state-of-the-art electric powertrain, but also fully refits the interior to the customer’s chosen specifications. The process is also completely reversible, helping to retain the investment value of the vehicle.
Despite an overall 8% drop in CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, concentration levels have been speedily increasing year-on-year over the last few decades. Once carbon dioxide has been emitted into the atmosphere, it remains there for a long time (between 300 to 1000 years). According to the Met Office, in order to reverse this trend and slow the rise, we will need to reduce our global emissions, and “bringing them to a halt will need global emissions to be brought down to net zero.”
Determined to be part of the global revolution to reach carbon-neutral by 2050, Everrati™ concurs that reaching zero-emissions is the way forward, and the time for action is now. And, with the transport sector being the single largest polluter in the country – responsible for 28% of the UK’s carbon emissions – there is no better place to start than with electric vehicles.
“To me, one of the main outputs of the pandemic is that we have all ‘woken up’ to what the world could be like if we were to lower our emissions. The focus is now clearly on environmental awareness, pollution and particulate reduction, and clean air.” – Justin Lunny, Everrati™.
As one of the fastest-growing sectors, recent EV forecasts clearly reflect this uptake for zero-emissions, as the industry booms with passenger sales predicted to reach 26 million by 2030 – over ten times of those seen in 2019.
But it isn’t just the EV sector that can help bring about the revolution. Speaking exclusively to Everrati™, Dr. Tia Kansara, CEO of Replenish Earth, a platform that inspires innovation in business with a philosophy to ‘live in harmony with nature’, believes that the responsibility falls on us all.
“There is an invitation card sitting on every executive’s desk. If you want to have a business in 5 years, you’ll need natural resources for them. Heaven forbid these resources are subject to natural disasters, spills, or emergencies because history has shown it will take more time for you to recover than for you to pivot now.” – Dr. Tia Kansara, Replenish Earth.
Having consulted with multiple companies who have successfully bridged the gap and transformed their business to become leaders in their relevant sectors, Dr. Tia Kansara advocates seizing the moment and diversifying.
“The opportunity is to transform your supply chain, explore alternative products and services whilst maintaining a competitive advantage in your industry.”
It is this sentiment that encouraged Justin Lunny to launch Everrati™, it reconceives some of the worlds most iconic and beautiful vehicles of the past, into fun and engaging zero-emissions cars for the future.
“Committed to reducing emissions for cleaner air, it is our intention to embrace the history of iconic cars while pushing the boundaries of advanced technology to offer a fully-comprehensive and sustainable solution for today’s driver.” – Justin Lunny, Everrati™.
Indeed, with many classic cars emitting the equivalent to their own weight in CO2 every 1,500-2,000 miles driven, Everrati™ is motivated to reinvigorate the world’s most desirable vehicles to vastly reduce carbon emissions and offer a new lease of (clean air) life to these iconic automobiles.
“A dilemma facing many existing, and would be owners, is that most of these magnificent cars will likely be banned or at least heavily discouraged from cities within 5 years due to their emissions. We fully believe the time is right to disrupt the sector and deliver beautiful, usable icons to thought-leaders concerned with sustainability.” – Justin Lunny, Everrati™.
With the continued rise of the “responsible consumer” demanding a more environmentally-friendly and ethical approach from brands, and as social expectations around climate change continue to shift, now is the time for companies worldwide to explore, expand and divulge their green credentials.
“Making money is easy. It’s the impact and accountability that is the next invitation. Stop hiding behind each other and take the leap.” – Dr. Tia Kansara, Replenish Earth.
Iconic Past. Everrati™ Future.
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Size: it can be made according to your design,
Cast aluminum heater for heating purpose are widely used in plastic machinery, mold, cable machinery, alloy die casting machine, pipelines, chemicals industry, rubber, petroleum and other equipment.
Al 350deg.C, Ir 800deg.C ,Co 600deg.C
Round or Flat
Hot Melt-Glue Pots casting element element Standard Thickness:20mm, but 30mm 35mm 15mm etc thicnkess also can be made according to your requirement.
Power and Voltage: 220V 1200W, they also can be made according to your design.
Cast Aluminum Heaters Features:
1.High operating temperatures
2.Liquid cooling or air-cooling fins
3.Any size or shape available
4.Pressure casted ensures porosity free high density casting
5.Extremely ruled and resistant to damage
6.Precise and accurate control of temperature due to heat cool action
7.High watt densities available
Cast Aluminum Heaters are an essential component for all plastics extrusion machinery. Our extruder barrel & die heaters are made of aluminum or bronze.
Cast aluminum heaters or cast-in heaters offer a high quality and efficient method of heating and controlling Extruders, Compression Molding Platens, Heat Sealers, Vacuum Forming Platens.The heat cool capabilities of cast aluminum heaters or cast-in heaters provide high accuracy temperature control of +/- 2º.
These precision cast aluminum heaters or cast-in heaters are available in various sizes and watt densities ranging from 10 to 60 watts per square inch.
Cast aluminum heaters or cast-in heaters are pressure casted insuring a dense porosity free casting that can been supplied with either cooling fins or seamless stainless steel cooling tubes that guarantee longer life.
1.Plastics Extrusion Machinery
2.Hot Melt-Glue Pots
3.Blown Film Dies
6.Commercial Food Service
7. Hot Stamp and Die Heating
1.Size - As required any size possible
2.Voltage - 120, 240, 480, or 600 volts
3.Phase - Single or Three phase available
4.Termination's - Leads, Terminal Boxes, Screw/Threaded Studs
5.Machining Tolerance - 005" Standard 2
6.Wattage - Aluminum Up to 35 W/in2, Bronze Up to 50 W/in
7.Maximum Temperature - Aluminum 700ºF, Bronze 1400ºF
8.Options - Holes, Grooves, Notches, Cutouts, Available
If there's any cast aluminum heaters inquiry, welcome contact with us and we are professional with better services and high quality cast aluminum heaters.
Sinton Group mainly make kinds of electric heating elements and temperature sensor: For example , cartridge heater,hot runner coil heating element, tubular heater element, ceramic emitter, ceramic plate heating element, aluminium casting heater, mica band heater, ceramic band heating elements, Flexible ceramic heating pad, kapton heater, PI film heating elements, resistance wire, thermocouple, Pt100 etc. Also we make industrial heaters for example air duct heater, pipeline heater, oil circulation heater, drying oven etc. All of our heaters and temperature sensor can be OEM and now we have acquired CE certificate for our heating elements.
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The capital of Kyzylorda Region, Kyzylorda (pop. 190,000) is a low-slung, utterly charmless city spread out on the right bank of the Syr Darya, 290km northwest of Turkistan. This is the most strongly ethnically Kazakh of any regional capital in Kazakhstan.
Kyzylorda has a glorious past and, thanks to the recent discovery of the nearby Kumkol oil fields, a future as well. The present, however, is a sort of time limbo between the two, and does not necessarily invite the traveller to stay for long. Like all the newly emerging oil towns in Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda catches your attention by its extreme contradictions. On one side, there is poverty, decay, dirt and resignation; on the other, the swanky shops and homes of the oil-industry beneficiaries are impossible to Hiss.
Nevertheless, tourism does exist here-the treasures of the region's history fit well with modern Kazakhstan's conscious attempt to embrace its heritage and traditions. History tells us that this was the strategic point where the caravan routes from Tashkent, Bukhara and Khiva came together, and then split to journey to western Siberia and via Torgay to Troitsk and Orenburg. There was once a large caravanserai here, on the banks of the then still powerful Syr Darya River.
In 1817, the fortress of Akmechet (White Mosque) was founded on the left bank of the Syr Darya. A year later it was decided to move the fortress to the right bank of the river, since it was more secure against the extensive floods of early summer. Yaqub Beg, the Uzbek military leader who was to become the ruler of Kashgaria, became commander of the fortress in the late 1840s until its capture by Russian troops under General Vasily Perovsky in 1853. The defeated Yaqub Beg fled to Bukhara, and was later to rise to become commander-in-chief of the army of Kokand. He captured Kashgar from the Chinese, and made himself the ruler of Kashgaria. Ak Mechet meanwhile was renamed Fort Perovsky in honour of its conqueror, a name later shortened to Perovsk. Reminders of those days are the Russian Orthodox church not far from the bazaar, built in 1878 and now beautifully restored, surrounded by high trees and flowerbeds, and the numerous one-storey Russian houses in the settlement behind it. It became the administrative capital of a province, or uyezd, in the Tsarist period, and its fortunes were further boosted by the arrival of the Tashkent-Orenburg railway in 1905.
Following the arrival of Soviet rule, the city's name was briefly restored to Ak Mechet in 1922, before being changed again in 1925 to the more secular-sounding Kyzylorda. The next four years represented Kyzylorda's moment of glory, when it served as the capital of Soviet Kazakhstan, attracting a Kazakh intellectual elite including Saken Seifullin and Ilyas Zhansugurov. But with the arrival of the Turksib railway in Almaty in 1929, the capital was moved to that city.
Kyzylorda settled down to life as a regional administrative centre, capital of a rice-growing oblast on the Syr Darya. Rice is grown on irrigated steppe around Kyzylorda (so mosquitoes are a pest here), but oil and gas operations in the South Turgay Basin, mainly Chinese-owned, are what underpin the city’s growing prosperity today. The region accounted in 2004 for some 24% of Kazakhstan's crude oil production. Today, the city plays host to the regional offices of several oil companies and oversized roads that sever it into seemingly unconnected sectors. There has been particularly strong Chinese investment in the region, especially following the acquisition of Petrokazakhstan, with its major Kumkol field, by the Chinese company CNPC in 2005.
The town has little left of its glamour as a capital these days. Not only do social contrasts show their mark, but also from an architectural point of view it has become a mix of contradictions. Kyzylorda today is a chaotic conglomeration of buildings from all periods, most of which are in a deplorable state.
With few museums and monuments of interest in their own right, and nowhere to get a decent meal, Kyzylorda serves only as a good starting point for visits to the western part of the region, including the Baikonur Cosmodrome and sites connected with the desiccation of the Aral Sea.
The culture and leisure park is a sad collection of fairground scrap, fallen heaps of concrete and borders overgrown with weeds. A giant bazaar throbs with life a kilometre on in the direction of the river. An Asian flair emerges here, particularly in the evenings, when women and families meet to go shopping, and thousands of feet throw up clouds of blinding dust while ear- deafening music resounds from numerous stalls. Another park has been wrested front the barren earth between the bazaar and the river, but the most pleasant place in Kyzylorda is the Syr Darya's riverhank promenade. Here, a change is in the air; bulldozers have removed shabby box-garages, and a couple of poor neighbourhoods have disappeared to make room for a second bridge across the river. A stroll along the promenade, with the muddy brown river flowing silently below, is a popular activity when the weather permits. Of course the evocative monument to Korkhyt Ata, the philosopher and musician of the 9th Century, has stayed in its place.
In the city centre the worthwhile Regional Museum spreads over 14 rooms, ranging from abandoned Silk Road cities and the Aral Sea to renowned local musicians and sporting champions. About 175km out of Kyzylorda, beside the road to Aralsk, rises the atmospheric Korkyt Ata Monument, dedicated to a legendary medieval kobyz player who supposedly died from snakebite beside the nearby Syr-Darya. The ground plan of the whole thing represents a kobyz, and the wind blowing through metal pipes inside one kobyz-like structure makes a sound like kobyz music.
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Victorian health authorities fear there may be undiagnosed virus cases in Melbourne's north.
They are alerting people to a fresh exposure site in Epping North, where the city's latest case went shopping a fortnight ago.
Authorities say a nearby supermarket had been wrongly listed as an exposure site in previous health alerts.
Anyone who was at Woolworths Epping North on Saturday, May 8, between 5.40pm and 6.38pm must get tested and isolate until they receive a negative result.
Traces of COVID-19 were picked up in wastewater in the Epping and Wollert area on Thursday.
"While the detections may be due to someone who has had COVID-19 that is no longer infectious continuing to 'shed' the virus, it is also possible that it is due to an active but undiagnosed infectious case," the state's chief health officer Brett Sutton said in a statement.
"When we get a detection like this, we go back and re-investigate."
He said the detection of virus in wastewater was notable due to the public exposure sites in the area.
A pop-up testing site has been set up at Epping Stadium, and there is a second site at Northern Hospital in Epping.
Meanwhile, Victoria has hit a snag over its COVID-19 quarantine facility proposal, with the Commonwealth preferring Avalon as the site.
State Treasurer Tim Pallas has revealed state and federal governments are yet to agree on the site.
The Victorian government has proposed the Commonwealth fund a $200 million facility at Mickleham, north of Melbourne.
A site at Avalon Airport, near Geelong, is the state government's second choice, but Mr Pallas says the Commonwealth wants the facility built there.
Victoria has gone 84 days without a new local COVID-19 infection.
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- Adapability and staying curious are essential for accountants to remain competitive.
- Key challenges are keeping up with business models, new technologies, increasing regulation and legislation.
- Accountants and auditors can use technology for administration, so they can focus on strategy and adding value.
Issues keeping accountants and auditors awake at night with the increasing pace of change in the professions, adaptability is essential in order to maximise opportunities and remain competitive. In my experience, the current key challenges affecting accountants and auditors are the need to keep up with different business models, new technologies, and increasing regulation and legislative requirements impacting all parts of business.
(Pictured: Liz Stamford, General Manager, Audit & Insolvency Leader, Chartered Accountants ANZ)
The implications of these shifting business and regulatory environments on accountants’ work includes core issues, such as how to account for virtual transactions or partnership business models, and for auditors, how to audit in the absence of hard copy paper trails.
Accountants are tasked not only with working out how to incorporate these continual changes into their practices and their own businesses, but also with considering how they impact their clients, or those they do business with.
In addition, accountants face the challenge of recruiting and training staff at a time when young people are not necessarily looking for a long term career, and when accounting and auditing do not sound like the most exciting career prospects.
How does technology impact accountants and auditors?
Technology isn’t going away. It is not the future, it is now. Technology is a tool that when maximised helps achieve efficiencies, such as with administrative tasks, so that professionals have the opportunity to focus on more strategic areas of their roles and, in turn, add more value.
In audit, it used to be that technology, or in old parlance “CAAT”, was a separate test you did once-off to understand controls. Technology is now pervasive and embedded through all business activity and all work.
Technology is now pervasive and embedded through all business activity and all work. It’s no longer a specialist skill, it’s a core skill
Understanding different technologies is no longer a specialist skill, it’s a core skill. However, the pace of change is so rapid it can be difficult to continually learn new systems and software used by clients, and to assist the audit.
And it is not only about knowing what the technology does. The threat of cybercrime is ever changing and ever present. Accountants and auditors need to be aware of risks, new threats and control options. Keeping updated is important to be at the forefront of protecting clients and organisations. As with much in this space, accountants and auditors need to understand the business and operational impact of increased data usage, information storage on digital systems and the security protocols in place to restrict access.
With the increasing use of analytics helping to identify and monitor trends, as well as interpret activity, the accuracy and integrity of data must also be closely examined. If the accuracy of the original data hasn’t been checked, or there is no understanding of how the data has been generated, then the insights analytics provides are useless.
New mindset for the changing profession
The core CA mindset requires clear logical thought, analytical focus, judgement, evaluation and professional scepticism. These attributes remain as relevant today as ever, yet the pace of change requires a new skillset. Increased curiosity and agility are essential qualities, together with an understanding of how to leverage the exponential growth of data to add value to clients and organisations.
So what do accountants and auditors need to know to stay ahead? Apart from everything, the key is to stay curious and stay informed.
Liz Stamford spoke to Tina Wild, Chartered Accountants ANZ, Content Writer and Content Marketing Specaliast.
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Each morning at PBS, the entire staff of "NewsHour" gathers in a conference room for the daily morning meeting. The network is structured very much like a newspaper, divided into beats with beat leaders. Everyone from interns to senior executives fill the chairs around the conference table. Producers and staff writers, along with "NewsHour" co-hosts Judy Woodruff and Gwen Ifill, are all present. "NewsHour" Executive Producer Sara Just then opens the table for discussion: Each beat shares its ideas for upcoming segments, but everyone is encouraged to suggest story topics.
The meeting has one main priority.
Find diverse voices, particularly women.
When it comes to featuring a balance of men and women, PBS is undoubtedly leading the pack. When Woodruff and Ifill were named co-hosts in 2013, they became the first female co-anchor team at a network broadcast. According to the latest study by the Women's Media Center, PBS has a woman in the anchor chair 97 percent of the time. "NewsHour" is still the only news program featuring two women anchors. In terms of field reporters and correspondents, 55.9 percent of contributors at the network are male and 44.1 percent are female.
But "NewsHour" is the exception. Most networks are not striking this balance -- not even close.
In 2014, 62.1 percent of news was produced by a man, the WMC study found. Only 37 percent of print news stories were reported by a woman last year. A woman was in the anchor chair just 17.1 percent of the time at ABC "World News," 15 percent of the time at NBC's "Nightly News" and a mere 9.5 percent of the time at CBS' "Evening News." The Sunday morning news shows featured male guests 74 percent of the time.
Of all the networks examined by WMC, women anchored the evening news only 32 percent of the time.
"Overall, our findings demonstrate that media on all platforms are failing women," WMC President Julie Burton told The Huffington Post.
The underrepresentation of women is a problem that has long existed in media -- in print, television, radio and online. But PBS has managed to find effective solutions by making gender equality a priority.
"It's on everybody's mind," said Just, the executive producer.
"It is a conscious decision every single day," Woodruff told HuffPost matter-of-factly. "We literally cast our reporters and producers to go out and actively look for people and make a triple effort to make sure they are finding people who are diverse in gender, race and age."
Other top leaders at the network are also women: Paula Kerger, president and CEO of PBS; Sharon Percy Rockefeller, president and CEO of WETA, the station that produces "Newshour"; Patricia Harrison, president and CEO of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting; Beth Hoppe, PBS chief programming executive; and Marie Nelson, PBS vice president of news and public affairs.
"PBS has done a remarkable job of finding great women, promoting great women and making sure that women are not just on the air but also behind the scenes, making decisions," Woodruff said.
For PBS, it all comes down to simply setting a goal and working hard every day to meet that goal.
"It’s a matter of being deliberate about it and saying, 'This matters, this is a priority,'" Woodruff said. "If you don’t do that, it’s so easy to slip back into the trap and just say, 'Well, we used so-and-so last time we did this topic, so let's use them again.'"
"Frankly, there’s no excuse for that," she said.
Co-host Ifill knows firsthand what it's like to work in a media world run by men. The veteran journalist has held positions at a number of other news organizations, most of which she says were heavily male. That's not to say, however, that women weren't behind the scenes, driving the machine.
"I spent the bulk of my career at newspapers where no newsrooms were run by women," Ifill told HuffPost. "At The New York Times, it was a long time before a woman even made it onto the masthead. But, as in many organizations, it was often women who were keeping the wheels oiled and running."
PBS isn't perfect, Just said. She confessed to looking up at times and seeing a panel of all white men on the set. Sometimes, she conceded, the best, most knowledgable people to talk about a certain topic on air happen to be older white men.
"Our number one goal is to do the best journalism possible," she said. "But if we do end up with an all white, male panel, then we make it a priority to make sure that the next panel on the next show is more diverse."
The ratings show that viewers are responding. The broadcast numbers for "NewsHour" were up 6.7 percent in May 2015 from May 2014, according to Nielsen overnight ratings from TRAC Media. Online, the program was up 15 percent in page views and 36 percent in users in May 2015 compared to May 2014, according to Google Analytics. The show's video views have soared -- up 115 percent in May 2015 from the month and year before. PBS is also the No. 1 most trusted of all nationally known institutions, and has been for 12 years in a row, according to a national survey.
"We truly want to reflect America," Woodruff said. "We don’t think it makes sense to have a news program that looks like an island. This is a diverse country. If we don’t reflect that then we’re not credible."
While women may be a minority in journalism, as consumers of news, women are the majority. Women make up 54 percent of the top consumers of media across radio, television, Internet and print, according to Nielsen data. PBS realizes this, and says its just another reason they value women anchors at the network.
If media companies are smart, Burton said, they'll respond to this reality and change their tactics as well. But media gender equality won't be achieved without a fight.
"In the same way that women were never 'given' the vote ... we know that if we do not advocate for an equal role for women in media, that role will not be freely 'given.'"
Burton said "pressure" needs to be placed on every network to transform the system.
One initial step that every network can take, she said, is to perform an internal audit to ensure that each news program has an equal number of women in both on-air and off-air positions. She said networks should also take a close look at their hiring and retention rates, and set goals to ensure that people they put on the screen are not always white men.
"No news program should ever be able to say they can’t find enough women to put on air," she said. "Media companies should be willing to take stock of their output and ask themselves how they can operate differently -- and be willing to hold other media accountable for gender imbalances."
But for Ifill, it's not just about who's sharing the news. It's also about changing lives.
"I remember the first time I saw a black woman sitting behind a news anchor’s desk," she said. "This was in the 1960s, her name was Melba Tolliver and I recall she wore an Afro. I was blown away. With more women in front of the camera, we can do that for more little girls."
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This article is from the Stretching FAQ, by Brad Appleton email@example.com with numerous contributions by others.
"Isometric stretching" is a type of static stretching (meaning it does not
use motion) which involves the resistance of muscle groups through
isometric contractions (tensing) of the stretched muscles (See "1.5 - Types
of Muscle Contractions"). The use of isometric stretching is one of the
fastest ways to develop increased static-passive flexibility and is much
more effective than either passive stretching or active stretching alone.
Isometric stretches also help to develop strength in the "tensed" muscles
(which helps to develop static-active flexibility), and seems to decrease
the amount of pain usually associated with stretching.
The most common ways to provide the needed resistance for an isometric
stretch are to apply resistance manually to one's own limbs, to have a
partner apply the resistance, or to use an apparatus such as a wall (or the
floor) to provide resistance.
An example of manual resistance would be holding onto the ball of your foot
to keep it from flexing while you are using the muscles of your calf to try
and straighten your instep so that the toes are pointed.
An example of using a partner to provide resistance would be having a
partner hold your leg up high (and keep it there) while you attempt to
force your leg back down to the ground.
An example of using the wall to provide resistance would be the well known
"push-the-wall" calf-stretch where you are actively attempting to move the
wall (even though you know you can't).
Isometric stretching is *not* recommended for children and adolescents
whose bones are still growing. These people are usually already flexible
enough that the strong stretches produced by the isometric contraction have
a much higher risk of damaging tendons and connective tissue. Kurz
strongly recommends preceding any isometric stretch of a muscle with
dynamic strength training for the muscle to be stretched. A full session of
isometric stretching makes a lot of demands on the muscles being stretched
and should not be performed more than once per day for a given group of
muscles (ideally, no more than once every 36 hours).
The proper way to perform an isometric stretch is as follows:
1. Assume the position of a passive stretch for the desired muscle.
2. Next, tense the stretched muscle for 7-15 seconds (resisting against
some force that will not move, like the floor or a partner).
3. Finally, relax the muscle for at least 20 seconds.
Some people seem to recommend holding the isometric contraction for longer
than 15 seconds, but according to `SynerStretch' (the videotape), research
has shown that this is not necessary. So you might as well make your
stretching routine less time consuming.
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Halwest Nariman spent 20 years of his life supporting parties and has campaigned with passion in multiple elections, but he is now passionately advocating for boycotting the Iraqi elections that is less than a week away.
"I will boycott, because I feel that elections will not change anything in this country… so the process is just fooling people again," Nariman told PEREGRAF.
Nariman’s new sentiment is subsequent to ten years with the ruling Kurdistan Patriotic Union (PUK) party of Sulaimaniyah and ten years with the Change (Gorran) party, formerly an opposition movement.
He says after the death of Nawshirwan Mustafa, leader of the movement, and the requisition of the party’s "finances and media" when his sons took ownership he "completely withdrew from political work."
Nariman says the party "fooled us" after many years of service and adds that led him to boycott the October 10 elections.
Iraq has a population of more than 40 million, of which over 25 million are eligible to vote for the upcoming elections, but only 17 million - less than 70 percent - have renewed registrations for the process, according to official statistics published by the Independent High Electoral Commission (IHEC) of Iraq.
Out of the 17 million eligible, over 14 million have received their new voting biometric cards - others haven’t, partly due to boycotts and lack of hope in the election. Meaning more than half of Iraq’s voters are ready to vote.
Jalil Adnan Khalaf, Chairman of IHEC’s Board of Commissioners in September encouraged people to receive their biometric cards by promising a "financial reward" to those who get their cards back.
On the same day, the Prime Minister of Iraq urged people to hurry up with receiving voting cards for the sake of their future and their children’s.
"Your vote is a legacy don’t let it go to waste. Those who make efforts to reform and change should participate in the elections," Mustafa al-Kadhimi said in a tweet. "Your votes are the future of Iraq."
Boycott has been running stronger throughout each election after 2003, and it is expected to remain that way in this year’s early elections scheduled for October 10, less than a week away.
The lowest voter turnout was recorded in Iraq’s post-2003 history in the May 2018 parliamentary elections, with only 44.5 percent participating. In the 2014 elections, voter turnout was 60 percent. In 2010, turnout was 62.4 percent and 79 percent in 2005.
The Kurdistan Region’s parliamentary elections likewise went from 73 percent in 2013 to 59.8 percent in 2018.
Nariman says one of the reasons people boycott, at least for himself, is the "lack of loyalty" of the Kurdish representatives who are once secure their seats will rid themselves of public service and "think of only of their pockets and making themselves rich."
"We fully believe, with my family and extended family, that the only way to Iraqi elections is the boycott," he said hopelessly.
A senior official from IHEC speaking to PEREGRAF on the condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to comment, said only large-scale boycott from parties and coalitions will be effective, "the boycott of citizens will not affect the election process."
However, Kurdish politicians believe boycotting elections will put the Kurdish position in Baghdad at "risk."
Qubad Talabani, Deputy Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Region and the leader of the PUK-Gorran alliance called the Kurdistan Coalition, described the boycott as a "major threat", saying "boycotting is dangerous and weakens Kurds' position in Baghdad" and the "scattering of votes" puts those new in the process at risk.
Talabani's remarks were at a meeting with a number of journalists in Sulaimaniyah on September 25, also attended by PEREGRAF. Talabani believes the Kurdistan Region will be put under massive pressure from Baghdad and neighboring countries after the elections.
"If we are not strong and united and go to Baghdad disorganized, we may not be able to prevent these pressures, especially when there are intentions to amend the Iraqi constitution, and limit the Region’s power and finances in parliament with law. Unfortunately, some Kurdish personnel also support them in hatred of the PUK and KDP [Kurdistan Democratic Party]," he said.
In addition to those who do not have biometric cards, a number of Iraqi voters are not at all registered nor have the older voting IDs. There are also thousands of voters called "grey voters," who are undecided about participating in the elections or which candidate to vote for.
Majid Mohammed, 50, has voted for the Kurdish parties in Kirkuk in all the previous elections, but has now lost hope for a "Kurdish power" and decided to boycott.
"We have been promised a lot and it hadn’t been fulfilled," Mohammed said, reiterating that his family will also not participate in the elections because they believe nothing in their livelihoods and situation will change.
"In the last election, we were collecting votes door to door for the Kurdish parties, but what did they do?" he asked. "They abandoned us, and now that they have left, they cannot lead Kurdistan or pay the salaries of employees," he added.
According to the latest survey by the Kurdistan Platform for National Issues, in which more than 4,000 people from Erbil, Sulaimaniyah, Duhok, Kirkuk and Halabja provinces participated, 18 percent are not willing to vote and about 18 percent want to neutralize their votes.
"At this stage, we will boycott and not vote for any party. I don't know how it will play out in the future, but we are disappointed in the overall politics of Iraq, because money and power rule not voting," Mohammed said.
According to official statistics published by IHEC, there are 1.2 million voters in Erbil province, of which more than 577,500 have received biometric cards.
Also, of the 1.4 million voters in Sulaimaniyah, about 843,000 have received biometric cards, and in Duhok province, where there are more than 822,700 voters, more than 520,700 have received their biometric cards.
"Boycott is expected in this election which has nothing to do with the present, but it is related to previous elections where promises have not been fulfilled," Aram Jamal, director of the Kurdish Institute for Elections told PEREGRAF.
He explained that there are many reasons why people boycott, and that there are some people who do not work in the public sector, their understanding and believes don’t overreach that of their families, so they will not participate.
"People who boycott are mostly those that have become hopeless, even among Iraqi demonstrators who have sacrificed, but the excuses and justifications for boycotting may differ from those in the Region," Jamal noted.
"Iraq is talking about eliminating party and sectarian militias, but in the region, according to our investigations in cities and towns, the reason for boycott is disappointment in the country’s political elite," he explained.
Other reasons for boycott include lack of trust in the commission, fraud, corruption and the lack of solid projects by the opposition.
The election law allows those with no biometric card to cast their ballots with the old election IDs, known as electronic identities, as well as national IDs, but some measures have been taken to prevent fraud.
"If there was an extensive boycotting, the public and democratic legitimacy of elections will be reduced, because it is different when a representative wins by securing 100,000 votes or by 10,000 votes. But it will still have legal legitimacy, even if boycott is extensive the seats will still be filled," Jamal said.
Therefore, he called on citizens to participate in elections and vote, because those who boycott have no better alternative than elections.
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Nearly half of people in Great Britain experienced high anxiety during the early days of the coronavirus lockdown, new figures suggest.
Asked to rate anxiety levels where 0 is "not at all anxious" and 10 is "completely anxious" - some 49.6 per cent of those surveyed between March 20 and March 30 reported levels of anxiety that rated between six and 10.
This is the equivalent of more than 25 million people feeling high anxiety, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS), which compiled the figures.
The average anxiety rating in this early period of the lockdown - between March 20 and 30 - was 5.2 which falls in the ONS classification of "medium".
This figure had slipped to 4.2 (still classed as medium) for the most recent period surveyed, from April 9 to April 20.
But these averages are still "much more elevated than before the Covid-19 pandemic", researchers said.
An earlier ONS survey of people in the UK in the last three months of 2019 found an average anxiety rating of 3.0 - classified as "very low".
The ONS also found 21.0 per cent of people reporting high levels of anxiety, compared with the 49.6 per cent in the survey taken during the early days of the lockdown.
It also compared levels of happiness, life satisfaction and feelings that things done in life are worthwhile.
The equivalent of around one in five people in Britain reported a "low" level of happiness between March 20-30 - dropping to around one in six for April 3-13.
A much smaller figure of 8.4 per cent - or around one in 12 - reported low happiness in the separate UK survey for October to December 2019.
As the lockdown has continued, the proportion of people reporting low life satisfaction has increased from 8.3 per cent for March 20-30 to 11.4 per cent for April 3-13.
A survey conducted before the coronavirus lockdown found 4.5 per cent of respondents reporting low life satisfaction.
When asked "to what extent do you feel the things you do in your life are worthwhile?" 7.7 per cent of people rated their feelings as "low" in the earlier period of lockdown.
This decreased to 6.3 per cent in April 3-13 - a stark contrast to the 3.8 per cent in October to December 2019.
In a separate set of questions, the ONS asked people for their biggest concerns about the coronavirus pandemic.
The responses, compiled between April 3 and 13, suggest approximately 8.5 million people are most concerned about their wellbeing.
While 6.2 million are most concerned about work and 5.3 million are most concerned about the impact to their finances.
The ONS said happiness ratings between March 27 and April 6 were "significantly lower" for those who believed their household financial situation will get a lot worse.
Respondents who felt this rated happiness at just 5.5.
Those who believed their household financial situation would stay the same rated happiness at 6.8 - this rose to 7.1 for those who thought finances were getting a little better.
Coronavirus: Everything you need to know:
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The Matsutake mushroom is treasured for its unique spicy flavor. This wild mushroom is also commonly called the Pine mushroom.
Seasoned mushroom hunters eagerly await the season and forage amongst the pine forest floors for these delicacies. The texture is firm and chewy with a unique spicy flavor, however, it is not peppery. Its’ unique flavor is highly prized in Japanese cooking and is a seasonal favorite fetching extremely high prices in Japan. Fortunately, they grow well in the Pacific Northwest and other areas of North America and are less well known here in the states. If you have never tried the Matsutake mushroom you certainly should! Their taste has no comparison in the world of fungi. Invite some friends over and explore a new culinary treasure. LIMITED availability. Monday through Thursday shipments only, dependent on availability.
Mushroom hunters across the world look forward to the window of opportunity to collect these edible treasures. Another of the wild species that has not adapted well to cultivation--nothing compares to nature! Our selections come from reputable harvesters and are shipped to you FRESH after being hand selected and packaged for you.
Use a mushroom brush or a paper towel to clean the surface of the Matsutake mushrooms and remove traces of their wild heritage. If you must, wash gently in cool water (avoiding soaking the underside). Slice or dice and sauté, roast or grill. They may be wrapped and frozen but why not enjoy NOW?
A popular Japanese preparation is to dice into pieces and add to rice as it cooks to elevate your rice to a whole other level. Include a teaspoon of soy sauce and rice wine in your liquid for cooking. (See Recipe for Matsutake Rice.) The strong spicy flavor of the Matsutake mushroom (or pine mushroom) lends itself to a host of preparations. Try marinating for a few minutes in a little splash of soy sauce, a few tablespoons of dry sherry and an equal part of mild oil. Then sauté until tender and serve to accompany roast chicken. You will be delighted. The Matsutake tastes like no other mushroom.
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Kiev is named the city of brides in the Ukraine and is home to the country’s earliest princess. It boasts several places of worship dedicated to royal relatives. The city’s most famous monument is the Pamyativka Hill. The metropolis was a booming commercial middle and was home to a lot of wealthy loved ones. You can see this magnificent icon in the cathedral. The city is usually a link for the across the internet bride organization.
A lot of Ukrainian urban centers have observed a boost within their economies as a result of growing popularity of metropolis of brides to be online. Odessa certainly is the largest centre for the industry and also you might accidentally stumble upon a major international date while strolling around the city. Traditional western men will be paired with youthful Ukrainian women they connected with online, and the translator exists to help in their conversations. Thousands of women spend several hours chatting with potential suitors everyday.
The women of the city of brides Kiev are within tremendous amount of public pressure. Moms, grandmothers and friends encourage them to marry. Ukrainian women also are expected to speak several ‘languages’, cook very well and mention kids. However , some Europeans have complained that Ukrainian women are very possessive and competitive, especially after marriage. So how do you find the right wife or husband in the city of brides Kiev?
Nikolaev is likewise known as the city of brides in Ukraine. With many women from nearby areas coming to Nikolaev, you’ll find a wonderful Russian lady here. Nikolaev may be a second prevent on a lonely people tour of your city of wedding brides, where certainly fulfill women right from cosmopolitan and small-town areas. You will discover something to suit everybody’s tastes.
Nikolaev is certainly not one of the planet’s top-tier international airports, hence you’re even more apt to find cheap flights to Kiev or Odessa rather. Fortunately, the Ukrainian railroad system is extremely good and inexpensive. A coach ride also gives you the perfect time to Discover More get acquainted with the Ukrainian people in the wild. Nikolaev was not called the City https://ukraine-brides.org/cities/kharkiv/ of Wedding brides until the failure of the Soviet Union, but it really is known for having more college girls than any other Ukrainian city of similar size.
Whilst visiting Nikolaev, you can admire the pretty women that are part of the community culture. Nikolaev was a part of Russia before the USSR broke up into individual countries. When the USSR split up, their exquisite women quickly became many of the most recognizable people in the world. During your time on st. kitts, you can even locate the bride-to-be of your dreams in a Nikolaev marriage! So go ahead and plan your wedding day in this fabulous city in Ukraine!
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A new analysis of drinking water systems shows communities in five Midwest states have legal but potentially worrying levels of nitrates. The Environmental Working Group (EWG) found nitrate levels in Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, and Oklahoma are trending up.
(The full report also includes California, Texas, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and Maryland.)
Anne Schechinger, senior economics analyst for EWG and author of the report, says heavy rains may account for the spikes seen in some states during certain years. She also found nitrate problems are more frequent in communities with fewer residents, which sometimes have water supplies close to farm fields.
“Small systems are more likely to be rural and they’re more likely to be ground-water systems,” Schechinger says. “These smaller systems are way less likely to have nitrate removal treatment systems.”
Schechinger says runoff from agricultural lands contributes to nitrates in drinking water supplies.
She called out Nebraska for working creatively to slow the problem.
In Hastings, Nebraska, a new system removes nitrates before they enter the drinking water supply.
“We’ve actually seen it clean up that area that we’re getting our water from,” says city environmental director Marty Stagne. “It’s actually cleaned up slightly faster than what we anticipated.”
Stange says a treatment system that would remove nitrates from drinking water before it is pumped out to users was prohibitively expensive for the community of 25,000 people. Instead, certain wells collect potentially polluted water, act as a filter and prevent the nitrates from moving on. The nutrient can be repurposed as fertilizer, which is often why it was applied to the land in the first place, and the clean water is then reinjected into the aquifer, which goes on to supply the wells that do provide drinking water.
“Instead of taking the water out, treating it, putting it in a tower or a reservoir, and then making sure you have backup power, and doing all these things so that you’re trying to make water to meet the public’s demand,” he says, “basically we’re using the aquifer as a giant storage tank, which is trulywhat it is.”
Stange says Hastings so far has invested about $15 million in the system and the estimates he’d seen for a treatment system to remove nitrates ran around $76 million. The city is prepared to spend more money if necessary but is also talking with other rural communities about how they might deploy similar technologies.
Nitrate levels above 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L) have long been associated with blue baby syndrome. More recent research has shown a correlation with certain cancers, thyroid disease and birth defects even at levels below the 10 mg/L legal limit.
The EWG report looked at nitrate levels above 3 mg/L, which is what the Environmental Protection Agency considers naturally occurring.
Follow Amy on Twitter: @AgAmyinAmes
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Dec 22, 2018
There is a new law governing encryptions in Australia. Today I will discuss what this law is trying to accomplish and what effects it may have worldwide.
AI or more precisely machine learning is becoming more common. I will talk more about what happens when algorithms go wrong.
Hacks and More Hacks. This year we have had a lot of hacks and we have talked about some of them. Today I will talk about the 21 biggest hacks of 2018.
Apps are tracking you, even when you turn off tracking. Today I will explain what you can do to prevent this from happening.
These and more tech tips, news, and updates visit - CraigPeterson.com
Below is a rush transcript of this segment, it might contain errors.
Airing date: 12/22/2018
The 21 Biggest Hacks Of 2018 - Why They Occurred
Craig Peterson: 0:00
Hi everybody, Craig Peterson here, show number 986. That's 986 weekly shows won't be long, we're going to be at show 1000 on the air for 1000 weeks is not the coolest thing ever. Alright, today, as always, we're going to talk about some of the latest tech that's out there. And it's, you know, end of the year, I hope you're going to have a great week, all of us standard tips you should already know about shopping online, and what to do with your information. But really kind of keep in mind that the biggest problem that I think most people are going to face this year as well as for years to come is kind of the fraud thing. It's not just clicking on emails anymore, which is a problem because people are still sending bad links we're talking about the problem of having an email come in, that looks legitimate asks you to do something taken action. For instance, pay off, pay a vendor off, right? Pay vendors invoice and that email did not come from the person you think it came from. It didn't come from the boss didn't come from finance people. So pay a little bit more attention to your emails. It's a huge problem. You've heard me talking about it before. And also make sure you follow through with my special report on how to keep your information safe online because we know you're going to be hacked, right? It's it's inevitable. Everyone either has been had their data stolen has been hacked, right? So it's not like you've been hacked but Equifax has been hacked we talked about them last week or one of these other organizations and it's going to affect you in a very negative way so make sure your information even though that it's it's out there isn't going to be used against you with this Marriott hack and we'll be talking
Craig Peterson 1:57
about it today is one of our articles they're saying you know passports were stolen
Craig Peterson 2:02
credit card information was stolen personal information was stolen well yeah that's a big problem no question about that but what do you do right isn't that the problem what do you do and that's what this special report all about so if you haven't got it yet if you didn't sign up for to get a copy of it. Make sure you go to Craig Peterson comm slash subscribe and you'll be given the option to get that special report we're going to have a paid version of that in the future. So get it now while it's free because it is guaranteed not to be free in the future. There's a lot of people that want this thing and we're adding more to it we're gonna have a little course on it with screenshots and we're going to have in fact I've already invited and we've got commitments from all of the major credit bureaus to be on part of this information product here we're going to have a little bit on this radio show and we'll talk more about it as well but get it now that's the best thing you can do frankly and it's all free it's all free stuff you can do you don't have to pay anybody a dime in the bottom line is don't pay these protection bureaus to protect your data because they don't actually protect it all they do is let you know after the fact so it's simple enough this you can email me at Craig Peterson calm to and either me or one of our minions will get back with you to help you out and get your copy of that
Craig Peterson 3:32
this is for you, okay I'm not I'm not going to hammer you with all kinds of messages marketing messages and stuff it's free classes yes I do have services that I sell but this is all free as I pat myself on the back
Craig Peterson 3:47
if you're watching in video Hey welcome we're going to try and do this more regularly have our shows up on the website at http://CraigPeterson.com This is going to go into to the insiders site eventually so you have to be insider in order to watch some of these videos but all of that of course just http://CraigPeterson.com/subscribe. So for today, I've got a whole lot of stuff here. I want to talk more about that Australian law that was just passed this anti encryption bill to more of what that means. I mentioned I'm going to talk about marrying it as well. This is very interesting. This is an article from The Verge I have up on http://CraigPeterson.com and this is talking about artificial intelligence. What do we do when algorithms go wrong? I was shocked to see California saying they're going to have a computer program determine whether or not somebody should be bailed out, basically, the getting rid of the bail bondsman, etc. And now your ability to get bail.
Craig Peterson 4:56
It's going to be in the hands of a computer. So what happens when things go wrong, your apps are tracking you what to do about
Craig Peterson 5:03
that. And we've got the biggest data breaches of 2018 this is this is a big deal. And the article is great as got a picture of the Zuck right there
Craig Peterson 5:13
on the front of it. Mark Zuckerberg now but data breaches and 2018 compromise the personal information of millions of people. And we're talking hundreds of million people around the world. So here are the 21 biggest data breaches of last year let's see if you were part of any of these British Airways. And by
Craig Peterson 5:35
the way, if you were not only should you make sure that you follow those directions in my personal information, special report, but you might be able to go after these companies and some of them will pay you to do some data recovery and other things British Airways 380,000 people had their credit card stolen
Craig Peterson 6:00
so that's a bad thing but it also affected the bookings Orbitz had 880,000 Records stolen Wow, almost a million people and that's payment card information, personal data, billion addresses phone numbers, emails and this is hackers the access the travel bookings in the website system, sling health one and a half million people. This is the Singapore government health a database. Yeah, we want health database and some of the patient's history of dispense medicines. And the reason they want to know about medicine prescriptions is so that they can break into your home. They sell that to local criminal organizations, gangs, and others. And then they say, Oh, this guy's got Percocet or whatever might be and they break in and steal it. Or in some cases, they've gone so far as to follow that person. And I mug them when they just before they get home. When they come back. The pharmacy information on the Prime Minister of Singapore was also targeted as part of this. And it was a deliberate targeted well-planned attack. That's from the BBC T Mobile. And this one hit me encrypted passwords, which isn't necessarily a big deal personal data including account numbers, billing information, email addresses that happened summer this this year, quote, international group of hackers unquote access T Mobile servers through a T Mobile API and API's, these application programming interfaces are being used more and more. I just had two weeks ago, I was in a three-day session, today's session, I guess it was with Cisco about their APIs and what they're doing more and more of these, you're going to see problems with my personality, 4 million people. This is personal data by Facebook customers who use the mind personality app. Remember the whole thing about the Trump campaign and using this British firm to get information on people and Facebook, it was a big deal. Of course, what was worse was what the Obama campaign did put the
Craig Peterson 8:15
course the media is never going to report on that right because the Obama campaign got way more data from about way more people. But if you play these games on Facebook, you are giving up your personal information. In this case, it was stolen
Craig Peterson 8:31
mostly active before
Craig Peterson 8:34
but it was banned from Facebook this year. And it's mishandled Facebook user data, Sachs and Lord and Taylor. You wouldn't have expected that from a higher end brand. But they lost 5 million people's information. This is payment card numbers. They never release the details on what happened. But the New York security firm Gemini advisory says a hacking group called Joker stash announced that it had put them up for sale, 5 million stolen credit card debit cards and the records came from Lord and Taylor customers. She in.com six and a half million email addresses passwords that were encrypted customers online store accounts that happened in June this year. Hackers carry out a sophisticated criminal cyber attack on its computer network.
Craig Peterson 9:26
Cathay Pacific airways I'm not sure if I'm pronouncing that right
Craig Peterson 9:29
here. 4.9 million records stolen. That includes 860,000 passports for 240 5000
Craig Peterson 9:39
Hong Kong identity card numbers 403 credit card numbers 27 without the CV v. So not a lot of credit card stuff but a lot of passport stuff which is what people worrying about with the Marriott hack. And we'll talk about that in a little bit here.
Craig Peterson 9:57
14 million names email, phone numbers, trip data, Time Hop. Hey, there's a bit of a theme this year in the travel, hoteliers, Time Hop 21 million names, emails, and some phone numbers, access credentials or cloud computing environments. Compromise come cloud computing account had not been protected by multifactor authentication. Again, the cloud is not a panacea. Everybody ticket fly 27 million people this is a ticket company sells tickets to events primarily personal information, including names, addresses, email phone numbers, a hacker compromised sites webmaster and gained access to a database called backstage contained client information for all of the venues, promoters, and festivals Facebook 29 million. That was from last summer, summer 2017 to this summer. This fall, actually 29 million highly sensitive data, including locations, contact details, relationship status reach recent searches, devices used to log in, the hackers were able to exploit vulnerabilities, and Facebook's code to get their hands on access tokens. We talked about this on the show, Chegg. 40 million people I know Chegg C-H-E-G-G, personal data including names, email, shipping account usernames, passwords, now didn't say an encrypted password. So again, another reason to use a different password on every website. Use a password manager like one password or last pass. Those are both great one password or last pass. And that happened just this year. According to Chegg's SEC, filing on authorized party gained access to company database and host user data.
Craig Peterson 11:50
Google Plus 52 million. In fact, this was according to many people, the final straw for Google Plus because 52 million people had their data stolen, Google really wasn't paying attention to it. They weren't keeping their software up to date. And they had a lot of bugs in this apparently was a known security flaw they've been out there for a while.
Craig Peterson 12:13
So this is private information on Google Plus profiles including name, employer, job title, email address, birthdate, age, and relationship status, and it went on from March to November 2018
Craig Peterson 12:28
and this was exposed by the Wall Street Journal by the way software glitch called cause Google to expose a personal profile data 500,000 Google Plus users second data breach that affected another 52 and a half million it is going to be shut down for good in April 2019 so don't bother Google Plus anymore. Cambridge Analytica, that's when I referred to a little bit earlier, the Trump guys working for the Trump guys it was this a breach I don't know, what's Obama getting information on over 300 million American accounts was, was at a data breach that's not in here. That's weird,
Craig Peterson 13:08
Cambridge Analytica, 87 million Facebook profiles and then data identify and user's preferences and interests happened in 2015. And this is your digital life. You might remember that my heritage, 92 million people's email addresses encrypted passwords of users who signed up for the service Trove email address and hash passwords sitting on a private server somewhere outside of the company. That's from Business Insider Quora. This is a recent one 100 million Have you ever used core if you haven't, you might want to check it out. Quora.com. People ask questions people answer questions hopefully experts right are answering the questions and I find some of the stuff really fascinating but they stole and this includes me again account information including names email addresses, encrypted password data from user counseling to core in users public questions and answers
Craig Peterson 14:04
I don't by the way answer questions on Quora they don't have my real name so they won't even let me post right. That's why I don't answer I guess certainly an exclusion I use I I tend to use I've done this because I who back in the 70s one of my first jobs was in marketing and I helped to develop a marketing system computerized IBM based that that put every competitor in the whole country out of business and we had some pretty major clients you know, Encyclopedia firms you know, grow earlier don't know if you remember those guys and where's the record company Columbia Records I Jude sign up for records and that was all our software
Craig Peterson 14:46
so it was kind of cool so back then I learned how your tracked and what you should do about the tracking because of course it's your data you want to know me as a marketer I wanted to know where did they get my name from so I could still to this day use different names email addresses contact info everything I can for every site so that I know what who sold my name who's contacting me what's going on? What's the marketing all about? So Quora had 100 million people
Craig Peterson 15:19
malicious third party names email encrypted passwords, My Fitness Pal 150 million people usernames, email encrypted passwords that happened in February 2018 unauthorized party gained access to data
Craig Peterson 15:36
see exact is 340 million people this is a massive database that is used
Craig Peterson 15:46
to collecting gather information from all kinds of sources and then sell it exact us
Craig Peterson 15:51
I'm in fact I think I had them on the show here 10, 15 years ago.
Craig Peterson 15:57
So they had detailed information compiled on millions of people and businesses including phone numbers, addresses personal interest, personal characteristics
Craig Peterson 16:06
and more happened in June this year a security expert spotted a database with pretty much us every US citizen in that left exposed on a publicly accessible server although it's unclear whether any hackers access the information that this is kind of interesting because what they're saying here is that they had this database on publicly accessible servers the smart money would bet that it's like an Amazon server one of these cloud servers that businesses are using a narc properly securing Marriott Starwoods Hotel 500 million people guest information including phone numbers email passports reservation date, some payment card numbers expiration date and they accessed it top install guests information in the thinking right now based on the tools that were used in this Marriott hack. The thinking is the date was the Chinese that didn't. In fact, it was Chinese spy craft trying to get all this information. And Marriott says if you can
Craig Peterson 17:07
prove that your passport number was not only stolen from Star words, but you can prove that in fact has been used illegally. Then they'll give you the hundred and $10 fee for getting into a passport. Amazing name. And the number one drumroll please was at a hard
Craig Peterson 17:28
1.1 billion records. private information on India residents including their 12 digit ID numbers and connected services, including bank accounts and credit cards, etc. was stolen. It's unclear how long the data had been out there. But it was discovered in March 2018. And this is how it happened. India's government ID database stores the citizens' identity, biometric info experienced a quote data leak honor system run by a state-owned utility company in Dane hadn't secured their API, what I mentioned earlier about API's, which is used to access the database, which gave anyone access to add a har information. So there you go, there's the biggest data breaches of heads a big deal, isn't it.
Craig Peterson 18:25
Now, this next thing is something that a lot of people are concerned about. And that is apps and how apps are tracking them, here's what you can do to stop them out there, I'm going to do a thing for the FBI in regarding going to try and do something similar. Some of the information is kind of classified, you know, that is, it's, it's sensitive information. So I may not be able to do a master class on this, I'm going to try to,
but your phone, and particularly if it's an Android phone, and particularly if you have Google software on it, but it
Craig Peterson 18:58
isn't just Google Apps to do this, your phone is being tracked. And the data the Google collects on you is incredible. It's things like you got out of a car, you walked for four minutes, and then they put a probability next year,
Craig Peterson 19:16
you were in a car traveling from here to there, probability 100%, you entered the restaurant and ate a meal probability 35%.
Craig Peterson 19:27
That's what they do. They read all of this stuff. And then they're using it internally. And they're selling now in some ways, who cares, right, in some ways is better. I don't want to see car ads. When I'm not interested in buying a car. I want to see ads for things I'm interested in. So from that point, this whole Google thing where they're tracking us is a good thing. But do you know how many people are tracking and what they're doing with these databases? It's absolutely crazy. The New York Times, just to a couple of weeks ago, purchased anonymized data from a third party vendor now a nun
Craig Peterson 20:06
data, Okay, come on people,
Craig Peterson 20:09
Craig Peterson 20:10
try and anonymized data, but you're not going to be able to completely anonymized people are going to be able to go back and figure out
Craig Peterson 20:19
who's data it is. So having anonymized data doesn't mean that the information can be traced back to and the New York Times purchased it from a third party vendor. There are many of them I just mentioned, one is part of the 21 biggest data breaches and they use it to show how companies are tracking people through their day.
And completely, they know where you live, they know where you work, they know where you go, and what you do.
Craig Peterson 20:48
So they went to the doctor, they want to exercise, etc, etc. And they found that more than 1000 apps
Craig Peterson 20:56
have location sharing capabilities. Now on both your iOS devices and your Android devices, it's supposed to pop up and tell you, hey, listen, they want to track
Craig Peterson 21:09
us and Okay,
and you might say, yes, you might say, No,
Craig Peterson 21:14
I'm going to have to talk about this in a couple of weeks. But Facebook has been gaming and cheating that whole
Craig Peterson 21:18
system. But this report that came out here, this is a 2018 report from mighty signal vague those guys have new mobile phone analysis
Craig Peterson 21:29
is saying that there are 1200 apps in the Google Android store that track you and 200 on Apple iOS, even apps that have no apparent connection to location will apparently track your whereabouts.
Craig Peterson 21:44
So here's the bottom line. There are 50 plus apps on the average phone. And I know I have at least that many, what do I do, what should you do delete the apps you don't use and then go into your settings.
And this is available both in Android and in iOS, and turn off location sharing for those apps that you don't want to do location sharing with. And Apple has
Craig Peterson 22:10
recently added a new feature like within the last couple of years, the lets you say that they can only use location tracking if you're currently using the app. So I think that's a very good thing to do. I turn if I want an app to be able to use location tracking I have it set so only while I'm using the app that's a very simple thing that you can do that should make life a little bit simpler for you. So under settings and privacy is where you'll find it I've got this article up and http://CraigPeterson.com. It's originally from Market Watch, I think you're going to find it very interesting and very helpful as well. Let's see I mentioned Marriott paying for a passport. So, we'll set that one aside.
Craig Peterson 22:57
This Australian anti encryption building, you didn't hear me last week. This is this is just crazy. Because about two weeks ago, the Australian Parliament passed a bill is forcing tech firms
Craig Peterson 23:09
to help Australia security agencies bypass encryption. It's called the assistance and access bill. And it's going to allow the police to Tell Whatsapp signal I message etc. that are all end to end encrypted communications that they must build in back doors so that investigators can get access to the content of the messages. Now, this is going to be rubber stamped into law course in Australia and the Commonwealth fee. The Crown has to prove it. But that's a rubber stamp. And security experts are unanimously pretty much against these types of backdoor so be careful.
Craig Peterson 23:52
Australia is also one of the members of what is called the Five Eyes intelligence agencies.
Craig Peterson 23:59
And this means they share data with the other members of the Five Eyes. So that's the US
Craig Peterson 24:05
UK, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. So they share stuff all the time we heard about how the UK for instance, was sharing information about the Trump campaign and the Trump campaign organization. The UK apparently was sharing with the Obama administration because your mom Mom administration under US law can't spy on our citizens. But the UK can. Australia can New Zealand can
Canada can. And
Craig Peterson 24:36
that's how they get around the laws. Because the US isn't the only country with laws and you can't spy on your citizens. But they get around it by saying, Well, it wasn't
it was the steel. He's the guy he was in the UK. Okay,
Craig Peterson 24:50
so keep that in mind. Because this whole issue of intelligent encryption has really been bothering the intelligence agencies and should be bothering you too because now Australia will be able to break in. So if Australia can break into I message or WhatsApp or signal
Craig Peterson 25:11
and they're trying to follow someone who's in the US. Will the Australians be able to break the encryption for that US citizen while they're in the United States and then share that with the United States? And the answer is an astounding Yes,
they can and they will it's going to happen. Okay.
Craig Peterson 25:34
So be very careful about this. I don't like this law. The Five Eyes share way too much information. Our government is gathering way too much information and it just scares the living daylights out of me. Okay. That's that's the bottom line. Right?
Craig Peterson 25:50
Yeah. Okay. I do stuff within regard the FBI in regard program.
Craig Peterson 25:53
I work with the FBI on some of these really bad security cases. But it's the worst of the worst, right? We're not talking about blanket capturing, so don't blame me.
Craig Peterson 26:03
Okay, now let's talk about this real quickly. Our last article of the day and this is about programs when algorithms go wrong. I mentioned week or two ago about how California now is using computer programs to figure out if somebody should get out on bail or if they should go to jail if they can be trusted, right
Craig Peterson 26:26
and they're even getting rid of the cash bail system over there. It's kind of nuts but how do you deal with that I can I can cross-examine a witness on the stand and hopefully they can answer the questions hopefully they are the expert that they've been promised to be but many times that just is not the case so big tech companies now found themselves in this artificial intelligence Gold Rush they're going for our information as much information as they can get they are putting the AI stuff in place based on the information and you know we talked before about following people and learning how to cook and stuff so they're doing all of that what are you going to do when an AI wrongly accuses you
Craig Peterson 27:18
right or it denies you entry because it thinks that you're a bad person which is already happening in China okay then this is bad we got to have more wreck
Craig Peterson 27:28
not regulations but more accountability because there's a serious accountability gap for these companies
Craig Peterson 27:35
all right you're going to find these articles and a whole lot more http://CraigPeterson.com make sure you subscribe to my weekly email so that you get a notification about all of my webinars our master classes the free special reports all of this stuff http://CraigPeterson.com/subscribe. http://CraigPeterson.com/subscribe.
Craig Peterson 27:56
Have a great Christmas and I'll be back again next Saturday. Bye-bye.
More stories and tech updates at:
Don't miss an episode from Craig. Subscribe and give us a rating:
Follow me on Twitter for the latest in tech at:
For questions, call or text:
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Sandra Oh paid a visit to Jimmy Kimmel on Monday night, and the late-night host did not waste an opportunity to test her knowledge about her home country of Canada.
The two played a game of “Is It Canadian?”, in which Oh had to guess whether famous inventions were made by a Canadian, from a Zamboni to Hawaiian pizza to peanut butter.
Oh passed the test with flying colors, proving her Candian roots have not left her despite years of making movies and TV in Hollywood.
First up was the Zamboni machine. You know, those giant contraptions people ride around ice rinks to smooth them out?
“I’m gonna say no, because I think it’s so obvious that it would be a Canadian invention,” Oh said.
“Well said. The Zamboni machine was invented by Frank Zamboni in 1949 right here in L.A. County in Paramount, California, where there is no ice,” Kimmel said.
Next, she guessed that the Hawaiian pizza actually was Canadian.
“That is correct, the abomination known as the Hawaiian pizza was created by Sam Panopoulos at the Satellite Restaurant in Ontario in 1962,” Kimmel said.
She also guessed right about flannel, which was created in Wales in the 1600s and decidedly not Canadian; the California Roll, which was created by a sushi chef in Vancouver; and peanut butter, which was invented and patented by a pharmacist in Montreal in 1884 “as a food option for people who couldn’t chew,” according to Kimmel.
Watch the video above.
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A construction project involves several contractors and service providers, which results in inevitable complexities throughout the project. With that many elements and variables coming together, it is crucial to have a well-orchestrated plan in place to bind the different aspects of the project. This is where project management comes into the picture.
Project management is one of the aspects of construction that is often overlooked and underestimated. Construction project management is the process of managing construction projects; it is at the crux for ensuring the smooth flow of a construction project.
It not only deals with the technical facets of estimation and execution but also requires a people component so that the project managers can work with the individual needs of the builders, stakeholders, and community.
However, construction project management is not based on a constant formula that would apply to all projects. Managers and supervisors choose the best practices for a project based on a specific job site.
We have narrowed down the most popular project management approaches in the construction industry that continue to be favorites regardless of time, distance, or requirements.
1. Waterfall Project Management
Also known as traditional project management, the waterfall is the most common form of construction project management techniques. This technique involves setting clear milestones between each task, with set due dates, deliverables, and client expectations organized on a clear timeline.
It is based on the concept that the process should flow like an actual waterfall, i.e., each stage or phase should be completed in its entirety before moving on to the next one. For instance, all the requirements for a building must be completed first before beginning its design phase.
This technique allows the team to focus on each aspect of the project with their undivided attention, allowing developers to ensure high-quality work at each stage and can ensure compatibility during implementation.
One drawback of this methodology is that it keeps the entire team occupied on a single task at a time, which could extend deadlines if used excessively. It can also inhibit customer input and feedback throughout the completion process.
2. Agile Project Management
Agile project management focuses on adaptability and flexibility. It may incorporate learnings of other management approaches, but agile projects are open to shifting from one management style to another if that’s what it takes to get the job done. Agile construction management applies the flexibility of agile software development to construction.
The characteristics of agile construction management include:
- Dividing the project into smaller and more manageable segments to ensure better management and tracking of different phases.
- Working with a focus on time management and investing in frequent reviews for better financial management, especially for improving productivity and profitability.
- Being open to continuous improvement by encouraging employees to work together and forwarding their inputs and suggestions to construction managers.
The agile technique can be seen as a multiple waterfall method of development, which allows one to be both active and reactive in the development methods. It allows the team to develop what the client wants and, at the same time, also working on the next step of development, all while receiving constant feedback to ensure a quality product.
3. Lean Project Management
Lean project management emphasizes on arranging the supply chain in a way to prevent any hiccups mid-way when working on production. It focuses on improving the process of the entire project instead of looking at a job microscopically to identify waste areas.
The construction managers balance the stipulations of the project based on its demands. All aspects of the project are monitored, analyzed, and enhanced. The managers encourage frequent face-to-face communication for improved communication within the teams. When determining the specifics of a job, they respect the customer’s perspective and take an iterative approach to their work processes to continually eliminate waste.
Though lean project management comes with its own set of benefits, it could also be problematic in some ways. As it is not the most straightforward management approach, it demands a lot of time and patience, and sometimes a rather significant investment of both money and training time to get it off the ground.
4. Critical Path Project Management
This style of project management recognizes significant tasks as part of a larger chain. The project manager can tell which works need to be completed, and by what time, and what all hurdles are anticipated during completion.
The system makes it easier to guarantee productivity and efficiency. However, a downside of the technique is that it imitates the chain mentioned above. If one link of the chain falls, the rest of the chain is bound to collapse. Therefore, it lacks the flexibility and adaptability of some of the other project management approaches discussed above.
Which Project Management Approach is Right for You?
Every construction project is unique and distinct, and no two projects will be alike even if they come from the same blueprint. Therefore, each project should be evaluated by construction management supervisors to determine the best approach to tackle the anticipated problems.
Certain projects which are likely to experience last-minute changes will work best under an agile approach, but the key is to ensure that you the right team with the required expertise. Jobs that give a higher priority to quality over deadlines will benefit from a lean model, while the ones regarding construction efficiency as the most crucial component will thrive under the waterfall or critical path systems.
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Date(s) - Tuesday, November 18, 2014
7:00 am - 3:00 pm
This is your invitation to get chalk on your hands by participating in the 2014 Seminole Teach-In on Tuesday, November 18, 2014. Take this opportunity to come into the Seminole County schools and get a taste of teaching!
American Education Week, November 17-21, is an annual national celebration of public education. The Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools, along with sponsor Orlando Sentinel, is proud to invite all Central Floridians to commemorate and celebrate this special week by taking part in Teach-In 2014. Parents, business leaders and community members can enhance learning by going into a classroom for an hour or for the whole school day. You can read a book, tutor a student, talk about your career, your travels, hobbies, life experiences, etc.
Please join us for the Seminole Teach-In on Tuesday, November 18 and show your commitment to public education!
Complete and return the SPEAKER REGISTRATION FORM. To participate, you must be a registered Dividend volunteer. Click here to link to the application on the SCPS website. The application is available on the district web site.
All presenters must be a registered Dividend volunteer in order to participate. Please allow at least 10 days for registration clearance. Once cleared, you will be contacted by a school coordinator regarding your assignment.
If you have any questions, please contact Misa Mills, Manager Dividends School Volunteer Program, 407-320-0178 or email@example.com.
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Background and Identification
The Mi-T-M model CA-3504-HDHB is a 3500 PSI gasoline-powered pressure washer that is designed for heavy-duty projects such as mildew removal, sanitation, large areas, and industrial jobs. The CA-3504-HDHB model pressure washer operates at a rate of 3.5 gallons per minute and includes 15- and 25-degree nozzles, as well as a detergent nozzle. It includes a 50-foot by 3/8-inch hose with a trigger gun and a 36-inch lance.
The CA-3504-HDHB model pressure washer includes the Mi-T-M Pressure Relief State that eliminates pressure build-up in the system. It also includes a thermal relief valve and an in-line water strainer.
The CA-3504-HDHB model pressure washer includes a Honda four-stroke GX390UT2 engine. The GX390UT2 engine is a 389 cubic centimeter overhead valve (OHV) engine. It produces 11.7-horsepower at 3,600 revolutions per minute. Its fuel tank can hold up to 6.4 quarts of gasoline and it includes a separate oil tank with a capacity of 1.16 quarts. Honda recommends using unleaded 86 octane or higher fuel for this engine.
The CA-3504-HDHB model pressure washer includes an aluminum frame and a base plate with 1-1/4-inch tube handles and a vibration isolation plate with four rubber isolators. The pressure washer includes 13-inch plastic tires. The Honda four-stroke GX390UT2 engine can be identified by its red engine cover, a white fuel tank, and a mechanical box with a black cover. The name “Honda” is printed in white font on the side of the engine cover along with the model “GX” in red font and “390” in black font with a white border.
- Weight (lbs.): 125 lbs
- PSI: 3500
- GPM: 3.5
- Displacement/ Engine: 389cc Honda GX390 OHV
- Pump: AR
- Mi-T-M No.: 3-0310
- Unloader: Mi-T-M, Adjustable Pressure
- Lance: 48 in.
- Assembled Depth (in.): 40 in
- Assembled Height (in.): 27 in
- Assembled Width (in.): 23 in
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Objects, however, are. So you could keep track of document. getElementById(‘tank’). style and change its left property to move the image.
How do I make an image move in HTML?
You can easily move images in HTML using tag. It is used to create scrolling images either from horizontally left to right or right to left, or vertically top to bottom or bottom to top. By default, image found within the tag will scroll from right to left.
How do I move a picture?
To move a picture a tiny amount, select the picture, then hold down the Ctrl key and press an arrow key. To move several objects at the same time, group them together: Select the first object. Hold down the Ctrl key and select the other objects.
How do I change the click image in CSS?
How do I move an image in HTML and CSS?
You can use two values top and left along with the position property to move an HTML element anywhere in the HTML document.
- Move Left – Use a negative value for left.
- Move Right – Use a positive value for left.
- Move Up – Use a negative value for top.
- Move Down – Use a positive value for top.
Can you animate on CapCut?
Open CapCut and import all the photos. Tap on a photo, swipe along the bottom until you find style. Tap that and then choose 3D Zoom. CapCut now turns your photo into an animation.
How do you code a moving object?
Use the change x by number command to move an object horizontally in Scratch. To create vertical motion, use change y by number using any number; positive numbers move the object up and negative numbers move the object down. Use the change y by number command to move an object vertically in Scratch.
How do you move an object in HTML?
To do the animation you need to change the style property in a timer… something like The while loop is not what you are looking for at all, it will do all it’s work immediately or if the condition is always true, then it will freeze your page because it’s an infinite loop.
Third, the browser won’t redraw the page while a script is running, meaning that if you got the script to move the image, it would immediately be at its end position (you won’t even see it at the start position due to the script being run instantly). I think that about covers everything you’ve done wrong. Now here’s how to do it right.
How do I move an image in CSS?
Objects, however, are. So you could keep track of document.getElementById (‘tank’).style and change its left property to move the image.
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- This event has passed.
North Bay World of Ideas
Polarity and Compromise in Relationships and Society
Have you ever considered how humanity’s past affects our present and what that means for our future? Would you like to?
Each of these events is not a “lecture”, but a “pot-luck of ideas”. So we’re all invited to contribute, but you don’t have to be an expert to be welcome, participate, and enjoy the fellowship of thoughtful people who all agree to be open to divergent ideas and treat each other with respect.
The events explore the world of ideas, in the broadest sense, including: human evolution, paleoanthropology, and anthropology; evolutionary psychology, brain science, and psychology; mythology, eastern thought, religion, and philosophy; sociology; public policy; history and pre-history; cosmology and the sciences; and the arts and humanities, to name a few. Of special interest are the interconnections among all fields of knowledge and tracing questions about the present and future back to root causes in our past and in who we really are as human beings. Ideally that approach can help us develop constructive, practical approaches we can build into our lives.
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Topocad terrain modelling is the basis for a large number of calculations. Terrain Models use break lines for smart terrain modelling, can be used to generate contours, for volume calculations of models, for terrain profiles, to retrieve elevations from and to create terrain sections.
Terrain models can be supplemented with point clouds that have the same functionality as terrain models. Point clouds can also create terrain models.
Terrain Models are included in Topocad base module.
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Lundquist Institute Launches Little Einsteins Program
Jody Spillane, Sr. VP for Public Affairs, Spearheads New Program to Introduce Elementary School Students to Science
LOS ANGELES (February 24, 2022) — The Lundquist Institute today has launched an exciting new program that introduces elementary public-school students to science. The new Institute initiative began offering its science-based curriculum to elementary school students in December of 2021 and will extend its workshops through June 2022 and then continue to offer the program every semester going forward. Senior Vice President for Public Affairs Jody Spillane conceived the program’s name – Little Einsteins – as well as the educational concept behind it and is spearheading the project.
“This new endeavor brings together young grammar school students with our PhD students who will mentor them,” said Spillane. “The concept is designed to expose the students to science through a curriculum created by our grad students. Each month, the elementary school students, ages 8-10, will learn about new aspects of science from PhD students working at the cutting edge of discovery. We are very excited about this program since its now extends the Institute’s educational enterprise from elementary school through Little Einsteins to high school with our annual Summer Fellows Program to our undergraduate internships to the graduate PhD program in translational research. I am very pleased with the breadth of the Institute’s educational outreach, and we hope to be a model for other scientific institutions.”
The program began in December with an introduction to the different fields of science and cell biology. In the second lesson, held in February, the focus was on human anatomy where the students learned about different organ systems in the human body and were able to work with a human torso model. The third module in March will cover human embryonic development and students will be able to view human model replicas. For the fourth module to be held in April, the focus will be on microbiology and how to use a microscope. The fifth lesson will take place in May and will be on chemistry. The sixth and final session to be held in June will provide an opportunity for the elementary school students will be able to meet with and ask questions of a Lundquist Institute scientist and that will be followed by a graduation ceremony.
Media Contact Max Benavidez, PhD, firstname.lastname@example.org 310-200-2682
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Author: George Verikios
This paper examines the current national accounts measure of real output for three major service industries in Australia. It finds that real output measures for government administration services; defence services; and property and business services are unsatisfactory. Alternative estimates are presented for government administration services and defence services for the period 1986/87-1993/94. The estimates for government administration services compare well with the current national accounts measure, whereas for defence services they indicate that real output has grown less quickly than previously thought. No estimates for property and business services are presented due to lack of data.
JEL Classification: H50, H56, L80, L84
Keywords: government administration services, defence services, property and business services, service industries, real output measures for service industries, input-output industries.
Working Paper Number G-127 can be downloaded in PDF format. To print this you will need the Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Go to working papers page
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Parametric architecture with grasshopper pdf
Read PDF Parametric Architecture With Grasshopper By Arturo Tedeschi Due to its comprehensive tool- set and great potential for 3D modeling, more and more architectural design and interior design firms are adapting Autodesk Maya and integrating it into their practice. Architecture - InspirationTutsRhino News, etc. ( PDF) Kinetic Architecture: Concepts, History and ApplicationsClimateStudio — SolemmaArchiCAD - WikipediaRhino Grasshopper Tutorials | Parametric HouseGrasshopper - algorithmic modeling for RhinoHull Modeling and Naval Architecture with Rhinoceros Rhino. Read Online Parametric Architecture With Grasshopper By Arturo Tedeschi knowledge to do so. Includes a foreword by Robert Woodbury and an afterword by Brian Johnson. Sharan Architecture+ Parametric Design Design is a process based on algorithmic thought that allows the expression of parameters and rules that, together, define, coding and clarifying the relationship between design intentions and design response. [ 1] [ 2] Parametric design is a paradigm in design where the relationship between elements is used to. Nov 11, · Homepage / wallpaper / Parametric Architecture With Grasshopper Pdf Download. Parametric Architecture With Grasshopper Pdf Download By Posted on November 11,. Parametric Architecture with Grasshopper - Arturo Tedeschi - " The handbook introduces the theoretical basis and the main parametric modeling techniques based on algorithms, showing Grasshopper' s practical applications and its potentialities in architecture, design and fabrication. Parametric Architecture with Grasshopper -.
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Online Library Parametric Architecture With Grasshopper By Arturo Tedeschi Algorithms- Aided Design. Parametric Strategies Using GrasshopperParametric Architecture with GrasshoppereWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and ConstructionA Study of the Adaptation of Parametric Computer Design Among Landscape. Vind Info over Event Based Architecture. Zoek Sneller, Beter & Slimmer bij Zoeken
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Born in a Stable
732 Pages4.90 MB6981 DownloadsFormat: EPUB
Securing Windows NT/2000
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Natural law in political thought.
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Jul 12, · Split Decisions (The Southern Collection Book 5) - Kindle edition by Carmen DeSousa. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets.
Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Split Decisions (The Southern Collection Book 5).4/5(83). The Decision Book book.
Read reviews from the world's largest community for readers. You have to be really bad at making decisions to read this book.
Like absolutely and pathetically hopeless at making decisions. i'm quite unhappy with it so i stop, it was as if collection of informations. flag 1 like · Like · see review. Dec 29 /5. BIASES: Power Collection: 50 Powerful Cognitive Biases + Biases in Banking and Finance (The Psychology of Economic Decisions Book 8) - Kindle edition by Henry Priest.
Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading BIASES: Power Collection: 50 Powerful Cognitive Biases + Biases in Author: Henry Priest.
May 08, · This is a very helpful book. Just having this book displayed on our coffee table is motivating us to make decisions, and to make better decisions. It helps us to be aware of how we make decisions, and encourages us to try new strategies for ourselves and those we are engaged with.
Both the printed words and the illustrations are beneficial/5. Search the world's most comprehensive index of full-text books.
Details Collection of decisions = PDF
My library. Nov 23, · Open Library is an initiative of the Internet Archive, a (c)(3) non-profit, building a digital library of Internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital dam-projects.com projects include the Wayback Machine, dam-projects.com and dam-projects.com May 07, · Buy The Decision Book: Fifty Models for Strategic Thinking (The Tschäppeler and Krogerus Collection) Main by Roman Tschäppeler, Mikael Krogerus, Jenny Piening (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store.
Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders/5(79). Get this from a library. Collection of decisions: summary of decisions published in volumes [European Commission of Human Rights.]. Split Decisions: The Southern Collection - Ebook written by Carmen DeSousa.
Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Split Decisions: The Southern Collection/5(12).
Solution Manual for Managerial Accounting Tools for Business Decision Making 7th Edition by Weygandt Kimmel Kieso 1 chapters — updated May 02, PM — 0 people liked it. The Great Decisions briefing book features impartial, thought-provoking analyses on eight issues of concern to U.S.
policymakers today. Written by carefully selected experts, each article offers policy options for U.S. officials as well as questions and tools for discussion.
Sep 14, · Book of Bad Decisions Licensed to YouTube by The Orchard Music (on behalf of Weathermaker Music); LatinAutor, Abramus Digital, ARESA, CMRRA, LatinAutor - PeerMusic, BMG Rights Management, and 2. Dec 15, · Collection of decisions = by European Commission of Human Rights.,Council of Europe edition, in EnglishPages: Read this book on Questia.
The objects and hopes which have inspired this collection of decisions in wage disputes are set forth in the general introduction to the collection and need not be repeated here. Apr 08, · Life is full of big, terrifying decisions. When you're looking at a choice head-on, sometimes it can feel so overwhelming and impossible.
As for me, whenever I'm facing a difficult choice, I turn Author: Melissa Ragsdale. Mind Your Puzzles is a collection of the three “Math Puzzles” books, volumes 1, 2, and 3.
The puzzles topics include the mathematical subjects including geometry, probability, logic, and game theory. Math Puzzles Volume 1 features classic brain teasers and riddles with complete solutions for problems in counting, geometry, probability, and game theory. Split Decisions is the follow-up story to She Belongs to Me, a "what if" type of story that explores the questions we often ask ourselves about our life and the choices we've made.
Get ready this is not your normal romantic-suspense This is romantic-suspense with a supernatural twist. Reprint of the ed. printed by W. Strahan and M. Woodfall for P. Uriel and W. Griffin, London under title: A collection of decisions of the Court of King's Bench upon the poor's laws.
Description Collection of decisions = EPUB
Includes indexes. GAO Comptroller General Decisions. The GAO Reports and Comptroller General Decisions collection also contains decisions and opinions issued by the Comptroller General in areas of Federal law such as appropriations, bid protests, and Federal agency rulemaking.
Feb 15, · Split Decisions is the follow-up story to She Belongs to Me, a "what if" type of story that explores the questions we often ask ourselves about our life and the choices we've made.
Get ready this is not your normal romantic-suspense this is romantic-suspense with a twist. Sometimes you want something so badly you are willing to abandon everything you've ever known--including yourself.
COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT AND COLLECTION MANAGEMENT IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES INTRODUCTION Collection development decisions Responsibility Just-in-case C ontent-based Selection Access for selection - or or of formats or a particular book, article, picture or piece of information and is not interested in the collection as.
A brand new collection of state-of-the-art tools for making better business decisions 4 authoritative books bring together hundreds of bite-size, easy-to-use techniques for optimizing every business decision, choice, interaction, and negotiation.
Your decisions drive your business performance and determine your career success. Grade 6 Grade 6 Grade 6 Grade 6 Module 1: Myths: Not Just Long Ago Dragonwings + Comprehending Clamity Frightful’s Mountain + The Exterminator Grade 6, Collection 6: What Tales Tell Grade 6, Collection 5: Decisions that Matter Grade 6 Collection 3: Dealing with Diaster or Collection: 1: Facing Fear Collections 2: Animal Intelligence.
Why We Weed. Weeding is an essential component of library collection management. Most libraries simply do not have unlimited space, and we must continually make room for new materials.
Weeding is necessary to remain relevant to our users and true to our missions. The Comptroller General provides opinions to Members and Committees of Congress, decisions to certain agency officials on questions involving the use of, and accountability for, public funds, 31 U.S.C.
§§, and decisions to relieve accountable officers for certain losses of. "African American Perspectives" gives a panoramic and eclectic review of African American history and culture and is primarily comprised of two collections in the Rare Book and Special Collections Division: the African American Pamphlet Collection and the Daniel A.P.
Murray Collection with a date range of through Most were written by African-American authors, though some were.
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Overview of Collection Decisions. Now that you have looked at the needs of your clientele and set some general goals for the collection, you can make some major decisions about the kind of materials that you will collect to meet these goals. These decisions fall into the following categories. Library Analytics and Metrics: Using Data to Drive Decisions and Services; Main Content.
This book details the many opportunities analytics present to libraries, and provides inspiration for how you can use the data within your systems to help inform decisions and drive services.
Using case studies to provide real-life examples of current. Sep 07, · Book of Bad Decisions, CLUTCH’s 12th studio album was a worldwide release on September 7th, via their own Weathermaker Music label.
The album was recorded at Sputnik Sound in Nashville, TN. GUIDELINES FOR A COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY USING THE CONSPECTUS MODEL International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions Section on Acquisition and Collection Development Foreword This booklet is a brief guide on how to write a collection development policy, making use of the Conspectus methodology.
The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few and How Collective Wisdom Shapes Business, Economies, Societies and Nations, published inis a book written by James Surowiecki about the aggregation of information in groups, resulting in decisions that, he argues, are often better than could have been made by any single member of the dam-projects.com: James Surowiecki.About this Collection Collection Items Results: of 35, | Refined by: Part of: U.S.
Reports Remove Available Online Remove.span the decisions from broad assumptions to detailed methods of data collection and analysis. This plan involves several deci-sions, and they need not be taken in the order in which they make sense to me and the order of their presentation here.
The overall decision involves which design should be used to study a topic. Informing this.
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With missions from three nations expected to reach the Red Planet this month, 2021 might be the most illuminating year in the history of Mars research.
Earthlings have been sending probes and robots to and near Mars since the 1960s, and dozens have successfully captured images and data about the planet, gradually revealing its desert mysteries. We've learned a bit about its geology and atmosphere, found ice, and uncovered compelling evidence that Mars was once home to blue oceans.
Now, we're looking deeper. The looming missions will search for evidence of past life on Mars, gather a complete picture of the planet's weather systems, prepare soil samples to be picked up by a future mission, and even attempt the first flight on Mars (via a small helicopter).
From the United States comes Perseverance, NASA’s fifth Mars rover. In the country's first independent mission to Mars, China is sending Tianwen-1. And the Hope orbiter from the United Arab Emirates will be the first interplanetary mission from any Arab nation.
All three of these missions launched from Earth in July 2020. Hopefully, by the end of 2021, they’ll teach us plenty of new things about Mars.
The Perseverance mission
NASA's Perseverance is expected to land in Jezero Crater, just north of the Martian equator.
“We're going to a really old area of Mars and we expect that because the climate was warmer and wetter around 3.5 million years ago, which is the age of these rocks that we're looking at, if life had a chance to arrive, this might be a good place to search for that evidence,” said Mitch Schulte, Mars 2020 program scientist at NASA.
Once the rover lands, it will check to make sure its parts and scientific instruments are working, which can take a month or two. But once it’s ready, the search for past life can begin.
Perseverance is equipped with cameras, lasers, and other instruments to help it examine Mars and scan for traces of atoms left behind by tiny lifeforms.
Schulte was in charge of the process that determined what instruments would be included on the rover. That process wrapped up back in 2014, two years after the team started to develop this mission.
“Instruments on the rover's arm will be able to detect the presence of organic matter but we're not expecting, like, dinosaur bones or anything like that,” Schulte said. “We're really looking at fine detail in the environment that the organisms might have inhabited.”
PIXL uses an X-ray beam to search for organic material, traces of which can last millions of years after a microscopic organism lived.
Before its hunt begins, the rover will attempt to launch the first flight on Mars. Aboard Perseverance is Ingenuity, a roughly 4-pound drone equipped with a camera. It can fly for around 90 seconds, covering almost 1,000 feet at heights of 10 to 15 feet on pre-set paths. It's solar-powered and can recharge its own battery.
“This will be the first time flying anything on another planet. That's pretty spectacular,” said Michael Meyer, Mars Exploration Program lead scientist at NASA. As lead scientist, Meyer works with the global community of Mars scientists to determine what the next steps of Mars exploration should be and how missions should proceed in the future.
"This will be the first time flying anything on another planet. That's pretty spectacular."
If the test flight goes well, it might open a path for other drones in space exploration, which could survey planets between the far-out scale of orbiters and six-foot-high scale of rovers.
“It really does improve your possibilities for where you should go and take samples,” Meyer said. “That outcrop that you don't see from the rover or don't see from space, that could be the perfect place to take a sample. As you think more about this and we learn more about how to fly on Mars, you can start thinking about putting other things on it that might be able to pick up samples, do things for you that might be too dangerous or steep to get a rover.”
Mars has plenty of carbon dioxide, but little oxygen. So Perseverance will use a tool called MOXIE to “take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, compress it, and then use a solid oxide cell to strip the oxygen” out of it, Schulte said.
If the test is successful, MOXIE could be used to provide future astronauts with breathable air. Oxygen is also a vital component of rocket fuel. If spacecraft could launch from Earth with less fuel for the return trip, they would be able to carry more cargo with the same amount of fuel or alternatively need less fuel thanks to the lighter load.
Eventually, a mission will be sent to pick up 43 sample tubes that Perseverance will have filled and stored inside itself until they're ready to be left outside.
Scientists on Earth will have to determine where to collect the samples, and where and when to set them down. There is some debate on the timing of this. If the samples aren't deposited and something unexpected happens to the rover, they would be inaccessible to the pick-up mission, Meyer explained.
“The science community and the engineers will get nervous about having all those samples on board,” Meyer said. “When they're on board, they can't be accessed. They're in the trunk but the trunk is locked. At some point in time you have to decide to let those samples go, put them on the surface of Mars, so that the future mission can collect them.”
By the end of the year, we may have an idea of where the samples will be awaiting their ferry back to Earth.
While the China National Space Administration has not made much information publicly available about Tianwen-1, the agency did release its main goals and what it will be launching.
Between the orbiter and the rover, Tianwen-1 will use various cameras, radar, and other tools to examine the soil, structure, and climate of Mars, most notably looking at the presence of water and ice in the planet's soil, according to an article published in Nature Astronomy.
After the lander settles, a ramp will allow the rover to roll onto the surface of the Utopia Planitia, a broad plain hundreds of miles northwest of where Curiosity has explored and northeast of where Perseverance is headed.
Despite having little information about the Tianwen-1 mission, Meyer said the fact the rover is going somewhere new is exciting.
“Let's face it, any time you send a rover and you land somewhere where you haven't landed before, you're going to learn something new, because now you're looking at a new place up close and personal,” he said.
Meanwhile, the orbiter will serve as a communications relay between the rover and Earth. It will also observe Mars to help analyze the planet's atmosphere and subsurface.
Sending Hope into orbit
The United Arab Emirates has much more information about its Hope orbiter mission, so named because the UAE Space Agency would like it to inspire people in the Middle East.
The Hope orbiter’s primary goal is to observe, measure, and analyze the Martian atmosphere. Onboard it has an infrared spectrometer, ultraviolet spectrometer, and imager for capturing high-resolution photos.
Its infrared spectrometer will be used to study the lower atmosphere, measuring dust, ice clouds, and water vapor distribution, as well as temperature. This will help give us an understanding of the planet’s atmospheric circulation and seasons.
Hope's UV spectrometer will measure gases in the thermosphere (the second-highest layer of the atmosphere), including carbon monoxide and oxygen. And it will create a 3D map of hydrogen and oxygen in the exosphere, the outermost layer of the atmosphere.
While there are other Mars orbiters, such as NASA’s MAVEN, Meyer said that Hope’s physical orbit is unique: it’s both very large and equatorial.
Other orbiters like MAVEN orbit around the poles of Mars, running north and south while the planet rotates underneath. They also stay much closer to the planet, which can give a more detailed look at the planet but limits their breadth, Meyer said.
“Because of the large orbit, it's something like 40,000 km the furthest away, [Hope is] going to be able to look at Mars kind of as an entire planet, this synoptic view,” Meyer said, noting that it will complement MAVEN and other missions very well.
Additionally, Hope will measure atmospheric escape, specifically looking at hydrogen and oxygen. Scientists know this happens, but haven't been able to accurately measure yet.
Once Hope reaches Mars, it won’t be long before Earth receives new images and measurements of Martian weather.
A long time coming
As Schulte and Meyer explained, reaching this level of Mars exploration has been a long process. The Perseverance mission is a step in an astrobiological strategy that was laid out back in 1995.
Earlier, NASA was “able to determine that there was liquid water scattered near Mars' surface,” Schulte said. “That led naturally into actually searching for signs in the rock records that life might have left behind on Mars.”
Now that technology has caught up to their curiosity, their hard work is paying off, despite the worst pandemic in a century.
“Everything is hard already and you throw in the pandemic where people have to isolate and people have to be away from their families for extended periods of time,” Meyer said. “It's pretty amazing the challenges people have overcome to make these missions successful.”
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Für die deutsche Version dieses Artikels klicken SieHIER
We develop and gain knowledge in life not only through our own experience but also through observation of how others behave.
We begin to educate ourselves by closely watching others already in early childhood, starting at home, in kindergarten, at school, work etc. – expanding to wider and wider social circles. We learn from others how to survive and manage in life, how to achieve and succeed.
Our subconscious encodes everything like a huge scanner. All our experiences, acquired directly and observed in others, are recorded. And then we duplicate those patterns of behavior imprinted in our subconscious.
Our programming becomes our reality.
Until we become fully aware of our own reactions, behaviors, and programming – we duplicate patterns, automatically playing roles.
It seems that at work we create situations that reflect what we have experienced at home and school – most often in our childhood or youth (although sometimes it mirrors what has recently happened in our private life or is still happening). In this way, we may create at our work a subconscious duplicated model of the structure of our family from our childhood. Now our subconscious applies and observes similar mechanisms of behavior, a sense of hierarchy, reactions, expectations, and ways of fulfilling tasks, etc. in the newly created “business family”. And they indeed, very often are remarkably similar to how things used to work at our home or at school.
There is someone here, just like at home or at school, who fulfills the superior function – the boss, the person with the greatest power (similar to a parent, or a teacher). Then there are the senior executives or co-workers with longer experience (similar to the older siblings, or older students) who sometimes take charge in the boss’s absence. There are also associates equal to our position or having the same seniority – those our subconscious can compare to the siblings closer to our age, or to our classmates. And finally there are those who are just starting out, and we have an advantage over them in the hierarchy of the “business family” because they resemble our younger siblings or the younger kids at school.
In a similar way, our subconscious programmed with acquired patterns sorts out all new situations. The process resembles printing a photo from an old negative, or – in the case of digital recording – making a copy of a saved image.
What follows from this is that the happiness and success of a given company/organization or a whole country depend to a large extent on how the whole team/community works, the whole “family.”
What’s more, the happiness and success of each individual member also depend on the success of the entire team. It’s like in private life: when the whole family is functioning efficiently – their life is happy. It isn’t just that each of the family members makes better use of his/her potential, but the whole family is thriving.
When a team, a firm or a community doesn’t function well as a whole – its success is short-lived, regardless of the efforts, talents, and energy of the people involved.
The basis for every company, organization or a country’s success – is its composition, that is – its members. These are not the products or services that are being offered. They are people. People are the foundation of success. We all already know about this.
That is why some of the most successful companies give so much importance to the continuous training of their managerial staff. Training aimed at reprogramming the subconscious, getting rid of blockages, old patterning, and subconscious behaviors.
Great emphasis is placed on the development of the staff, not only on the professional/technical level – but also emotional and spiritual. It has been recognized that the emotional and spiritual development of the managerial staff is an absolutely indispensable component necessary for the real success of a company. And that is why spending money on such training is not an issue. A lot of managerial staff attend workshops on subjects related to spiritual development. Truly, this is an interesting, more and more common phenomenon of our times.
What we cannot see becomes our greatest enemy.
What we cannot see, controls us from the subconscious. These are our so-called Shadows.
They grow in our subconscious from everything we reject in ourselves or in others.
The name “Shadows” was first introduced by the famous Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung. The dark rejected energy – that is, everything that we do not accept in ourselves and in others – becomes the building material for our subconscious Shadows.
And these Shadows are very strong. Acting on the subconscious level, they have tremendous power over us, far greater than our emotional fears, than all our bodily needs or ego-driven desires, than our logic or intellectual reasoning.
Our Shadows are stronger than all the above put together.
Without the appropriate “Shadows-Hygiene”, our imprinted negative patterns bring us in the end to failures, disappointments and short-lived success.
In that case, the question is: can we really trust ourselves or others?
However badly someone may have behaved – we need to remember that in most cases their Shadows caused that behavior. Controlled by their subconscious Shadows, people blindly react to those who willingly or unwillingly press their buttons, triggering their old programs by affecting their emotional wounds hidden in the subconscious. And that’s why these people react impulsively, just like robots.
We can observe a lot of examples on this subject. Both at home and at work/school and also everywhere in our society.
And how does this affect somebody’s personal success and the success of a company, an organization or a country?
No company/organization or country can be truly successful when there are no conscious leaders, and their members do not fully use their potential.
The same applies to private life. It is because a life on automatic pilot is usually a life controlled by the subconscious Shadows.
What then determines whether we can use our true potential:
The key to this is the full awareness and willingness to transform what’s hidden – the Shadows. Freed from them, we can create ourselves anew: consciously making our own choices, in all circumstances, instead of reacting blindly when someone or something presses our buttons like in a slot machine.
Individual and collective shadows:
We already know that Shadows are created in our subconscious. Individually – everyone has them. Every unhealed emotional wound becomes a breeding ground for the Shadows that develop over it, hiding in the depths of the subconscious.
Here are some examples of how we could create them:
Let’s say someone was being bullied as a child at school. Well, it happens quite often. This caused a sense of his/her worthlessness that remained with them for years to come.
Now, as an adult, this person either begins to intimidate others – because by social observation he/she learned about the ruthless “law of the fist” – or cannot cope and blames others for his/her own fate, feeling powerless.
In both cases, whether being a merciless tyrant or perpetual victim who won’t fight for a better life – such a person is under the control of the Shadows. They were born in the subconscious of an old emotional wound in order to cover up the persistent low self-esteem.
In other words – our Shadows are trying to protect us so that we won’t get hurt again.
People who are under the control of their Shadow feel better about themselves as strong tyrants, but they can also feel better by playing a different role: the role of the wounded. Because when they can blame someone else for their situation, they do not have to admit to themselves that they don’t know how to deal with it. They don’t want to fight and take charge of their lives. They prefer others to decide what happens to them, because they are afraid that they will not measure up, and that it will further confirm what they feel about themselves: lack of strength or worthlessness.
As we can see from the above example, the Shadows are trying to cover our weaknesses. And it would seem that these “monsters” are doing their job well. Unfortunately, at the same time, they turn us into “robots”, depriving us of real power, and blocking the use of our true potential.
For example, in some dramatic nationwide situations, the Shadows of the governing people do not allow them to contribute to the general welfare of their country. At the same time, the Shadows of the members of the society take over, not allowing them to get out of this predicament. The results are clearly predictable. It’s enough to have a look at what’s happening around the world. It is enough to look around at the conflicts arising in so many places on our planet.
REMEMBER: OUR SUBCONSCIOUS rules 90% of our thinking and behavior. It is responsible for our habits, emotions, automatic reactions, defensive mechanisms etc., which may keep you stuck in unwanted situations in life.
There are Shadows created jointly by family members, a company’s staff, residents of a city/village or citizens of a whole country. There are Shadows typical for a given race, and even the global ones – Shadows that are common for all of humanity on our planet.
We all live in Shadowland. Individual and global.
And now what? Can we deal with the Shadows?
Yes, we can. But we need to put some effort into it. The “Shadows-Hygiene” is the foundation of our happiness and life success. It’s best to start with ourselves. And that’s because the Shadows cannot be destroyed or defeated. They are stronger than us, so they will always win. However, their “bloodthirsty hunger” for doing harm or self-sabotage can be transformed into a powerful, positive force of our subconscious.
The business school at Harvard University has a simple solution for a situation when we get to the end of the path, and it seems that there is no way out. In such a case, we always have two options:
One – we can build a new path. Second – we can discover a new path.
In summary, the way out is always a new path.
Reprogramming our subconscious is not only the quickest way to our goal, but also the most logical.
Is it worth trying to transform our subconscious and unlock our true potential?
It all depends on how much we want to become happier and more effective. How much do we want to get rid of emotional luggage and create lasting success in our life? Without constantly struggling with the same recurring problems in one form or another. Without wasting our time and energy on ventures destined to fail. Without constant disappointment, lack of fulfillment, and subsequent duplication of patterns leading to failures.
We don’t have to give in to our Shadows.
Neither the individual nor the collective ones.
As a human race, we are capable of the most beautiful things. We can change our destiny.
We can become the best version of ourselves.
Never reject, condemn or resist who you have become so far. Honor, accept and respect who you are. Only then will you be able to transmute, transform what you want to change.
You cannot really get rid of some parts of yourself – it isn’t possible. But you can transform them into what you want them to be. Remember that if you do not admit to yourself what kind of unwanted reactions you have, the disowned dark sides of your nature will turn into your Shadows, hiding in your subconscious. They will control your feelings, thoughts and actions. Your life will then become a perpetual carousel of wounds and fears.
Remember that you are not a “bad” person, just because you have been hurt and can not deal with it yourself. We are all wonderful, valuable people who want to heal our emotional wounds and open up to changing our fate. That is our true nature. Even if we make many mistakes, sooner or later we try to find what’s best inside us.
Useful Affirmations for reprogramming your mind:
“I thank my life for supporting my growth, for letting me evolve and enjoy myself more and more. I appreciate every single moment, no matter whether joyful or sad. Each day becomes a new opportunity for celebrating the magic of life.”
“I open myself to the possibility of ignoring limitations and going beyond self-imposed boundaries. I will no longer let my fears keep me from fulfilling my dreams. I am getting ready to step out of the box and unlock my true potential.”– from the award-winning book “365 (+1) Affirmations to Create a Great Life”, by Johanna Kern.
Half of our success at work, in relationships, in fighting a disease depends on your attitude. Negative attitude brings us down and demotivates us. Positive attitude makes us stronger and helps us achieve a set goal. That fact has been scientifically proven so theoretically we all know that but it’s very hard for us to reprogram ourselves from the omnipresent pessimism into optimism. Why is that? Because our brain got used to seeing the world in a certain way.
What can be done to change that? Practice affirmations – the author advises. And she gives us a set of affirmations for each day of a year. She shows us how to teach our brain step-by-step to see the world differently. And, consequently, how to improve our life, career, and even the financial situation and health. That is – how to become happy.
These or similar tools are very effective and you can find what will suit your preferences and needs.
Johanna Kern, multiple award-winning author and transformational teacher, has extensive experience in counseling people on life and career paths, spirituality, health and emotional problems, relationships and family issues.
Drawing from her experience and knowledge from over 20 years as a successful professional and counsellor, she has designed a special program included in her award-winning book“365 (+1) Affirmations to Create a Great Life”: an easy step-by-step method for overcoming subconscious programming and improving any life situation.
She recorded also a series of MP3s and CDs to be listened to in a state of deep relaxation, while she is guiding the listeners through the process of reprogramming their subconscious.
These or similar tools are very effective and you can find what will suit your preferences and needs.
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The passing of Australia’s carbon tax legislation on Wednesday in the House of Representatives reaffirmed there are only three things you can be assured of in life – death, taxes and since more recent times, electricity price rises. The latter may be harsher than many people realise.
Like it or hate it – opinion on the measures in their current form is divided even among green-leaning Australians – the carbon tax appears inevitable and the countdown clock is now ticking.
While many Australians will receive assistance to cover increased costs of energy generated by the new tax, there are also “natural” electricity price increases looming in the wings, waiting to pounce on the unsuspecting – and comparatively few will be given a bailout package on those hikes.
Even for those who do receive carbon tax assistance in its various forms, the temptation may be to spend the windfall on other items; some that may contribute to their energy consumption woes. A nasty electric bill shock awaits many.
How harsh the sting will be for those who don’t or can’t squirrel away their pennies to go towards bigger power bills or fail to take other evasive action is hard to say, but some figures were bandied about in a number of states yesterday.
Western Australia Premier Colin Barnett says the carbon tax will add seven per cent to electricity prices and the carbon tax will not deter the State Government from increasing electricity prices an additional five per cent in the next state budget.
The Queensland opposition has warned of a possible 22 per cent hike in electricity bills.
In Tasmania, electricity prices are predicted to increase by 23 per cent over the next three years
Nationally, electricity prices are expected to rise 10% on average, plus any increases already slated or yet to be announced in each state not connected with the carbon tax.
According to national solar solutions provider Energy Matters, even an entry-level 1.44 kW rooftop solar power system can currently slash $500 – $800 from annual household electricity costs and given the looming carbon tax, solar panels are now a better investment than ever.
Energy Matters is offering a series of solar power system specials to help Australians reduce or wipe out their electricity bills and the company also offers a no-interest payment plan option on selected systems.
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It’s the fall. Which means that you’ve probably fallen off the wagon and are just starting to try to get back to the gym in order to prepare your body for the buffeting that it would get during the upcoming holiday season.
Going to the gym and trying to be more healthy is not a bad thing, but there are a few things that those just returning to the gym should try to remember – practical tips and otherwise. Please note – I am not a personal fitness expert, these are just tips from my own experiences.
Why Did You Stop In The First Place?
First things first, what was it that drove you to stop going to the gym in the first place? Lack of proper scheduling? No motivation? Self-consciousness at the gym? Figure out what it was in the first place that made you stop going previously and do something to directly combat that. Schedule yourself to go to the gym at a quieter time, when there aren’t so many other people if you were feeling self-conscious before, go with a friend or hire a trainer for the first month so you can’t find excuses to slack off. Plug all the holes that you allowed yourself the last time ’round.
Drink Water And Eat Carbs
This is something that a lot of people seem to forget these days, especially the carbs situation – though a lot of times the water slips me by as well. Carbs are fuel. If our body doesn’t have fuel, it won’t properly run. It’s that simple. If you don’t eat carbs, or if you don’t eat enough carbs, you aren’t going to be able to get out of the workout what you should be.
As for water, when we exercise, we sweat. You want to be able to actually sweat and stay hydrated. Water is obviously key to that whole situation. You actually only feel thirsty after you’re already dehydrated. So don’t wait for that signal from your body – just keep drinking water. Especially if you want to do something like hot yoga – in which you sweat a great amount – you’re going to want to drink as much water as you can. Don’t want to faint in your yoga class, now do you?
It’s one of those things where you always find excuses not to go to the gym – but don’t listen to that voice. For the first few weeks, for the first month – find yourself an excuse-free time to go to the gym, and stick to it. We are creatures of habit, and once you get into the habit of going to the gym and exercising, you’re already 90% there. Worry about goals and what you want later. Worry about actually going through the motions first, and once you’ve got that down, figure out what you want to get out of it.
Figure Out What You Enjoy
You don’t just have to go to the gym and be a treadmill hamster or deadlift weights to exercise. There are a lot of other things that you can do to enjoy your time – in and out of the gym. Most gyms will offer a plethora of classes (though sometimes it is a question of if you having the motivation to wake up to take the class) and if it isn’t offered, then you can go out and find it – ski, kayak, snowboard, rock-climb, hike – the great outdoors is calling. Or play sports with a local club – soccer is one of the most consistently carb-burning sports out there. (I mean, come on, look at David Beckham).
Remember The Endorphins
A lot of people “eat their feelings” when they are stressed or emotionally unwell, but it might be time to take a different tack. Exercise releases endorphins, and endorphins are great for stress relief and bettering your emotional mood. Try it the next time you feel stressed or tired – and the link between exercise and stress relief will be one that will serve you quite well in the long run.
image credit: ESPN Body Issue
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Millions coming to Alaska in fishery relief
As part of the CARES Act, Alaska is set receive $50 million in fishery assistance.
The money will be made as direct assistance to subsistence, commercial and charter fishery participants, processors and other fishery businesses.
The relief also grants tribes in Alaska access to $1 million for any negative consequences to subsistence fisheries due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The funding comes to a large part of the Alaskan economy as the energy and tourism sectors are also weathering the economic consequences of the pandemic.
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The origins of our English Breakfast Ceylon Black Tea
Sourced from the high-altitude tea gardens of Sri Lanka, our premium English Breakfast Ceylon Black Tea is a classic loose-leaf blend boasting a smooth flavour, tantalising amber colour and rich, astringent mouthfeel. With dark, wiry leaves and toasted caramel notes, it has all the brisk, full-bodied characters that have made English breakfast tea a classic breakfast brew.
The leaves for our Great Taste award-winning Ceylon breakfast tea are harvested all year round in Sri Lanka's celebrated Dimbula and Nuwara Eliya tea regions, located at 1,448m and 1,868m above sea level, respectively. This is where artisan producers have farmed the plantations for more than 150 years, taking advantage of the mountainous terrain and monsoon-affected climate. Here, cool blustery blasts blow through the valleys, rainfall is high and frosts can be seen in winter, which places a measure of stress on the tea plants.
English breakfast tea is typically made from a blend of robust black teas that hail from either Sri Lanka or Assam, in India's north-east. To create an unrivalled taste experience for ours, we carefully select the finest Ceylon BOP (Broken Orange Pekoe) and larger FBOP (Flowery Broken Orange Pekoe) grades of loose-leaf teas. We choose 100% pure orthodox Ceylon teas for their strength and well-rounded character, which makes them the perfect ingredients for this blend.
How Orthodox English Breakfast tea is made
Tea making begins with picking carefully selected succulent leaves and buds from the Camellia Sinensis plant. Once plucked, the leaves go through the time-honoured orthodox production process: withering, to dry them out, then rolling, which transforms them into the familiar thin, wiry shape. This is followed by oxidation, sometimes referred to in the tea industry as 'fermentation', when the broken, rolled leaves are laid out and exposed to the air for a set period of time, usually several hours. Here's where the magic happens, as the leaves darken and the chemical processes kick in, contributing to the tea's distinctive aromas, colour, strength and briskness – in essence, its character. Next, the tea is dried again, this time in a chamber with hot, conditioned air – a process that further desiccates the leaves, intensifies their colour and helps maintain quality for storage. Finally, they are sorted by hand, ready for shipment and delivery.
In the humid Sri Lankan hills, the process of oxidation takes up to four hours, during which the leaves turn copper brown and the tea's unique fragrance starts to unfurl. This process also ensures that the steeping liquid is strong and flavourful. Our English Breakfast tea has a grade of BOP/FBOP.
Facts about this iconic tea
English breakfast tea's rich characters, invigorating flavour and high caffeine content are what have made it so historically popular. It was the first blend to become a commercial success, most notably in its namesake UK, where it has long been famous as the nation's favourite 'eye-opener'. It is often enjoyed hot or as an iced tea, or as the perfect companion to a Full English Breakfast.
In recent years, studies have also pointed to English breakfast tea's health benefits. Whether taken strong and black in the morning or with milk and sugar throughout the day, a cup of black tea is now known to pack in minerals such as magnesium and potassium while also being rich in antioxidants and vitamin B. It also may have an impact on blood pressure.
As for its popularity in times past, it was Catherine of Braganza, Portuguese wife of the English King Charles II, who started the habit of drinking tea in the morning. As a new arrival at the English royal court, Catherine was known to prefer tea to ale – at the time the customary breakfast drink of choice – and a new upper-class trend was set. But as the 17th century rolled into the 18th and 19th, tea transitioned from an upper-class luxury to a beverage enjoyed by British citizens of all stripes. By the time Scottish tea master Robert Drysdale introduced what would eventually become known as the English breakfast blend to Queen Victoria in the 1890s, almost everyone had a caddy in their kitchen.
For those who love the bold flavour of an English breakfast blend, our Assam Breakfast Tea packs a similar flavour punch, with a rich infusion and a lift from fruity notes. Other alternatives for a strong cup of tea include Irish Breakfast and Ceylon Breakfast. If you're after something brighter, with citrusy notes and floral undertones, try our best-selling Supreme Earl Grey.
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Chiropractic Treatment: Taking A Structural and Systematic Approach to Natural Healing
Chiropractic is an overall way of looking at the human body as a whole. It’s based on the idea that the body is both self-sustaining and self-healing. The body is in essence controlled by the brain via the spinal cord and the vast networks of nerves in the body. The spinal cord has an intimate relationship with its protective structure, the spinal column. When the spinal column loses it's normal shape and position it puts abnormal stresses and strains on the spinal cord and also the supportive muscles, discs and ligaments of the spinal column. When this system is not functioning at its peak, the overall performance of the human body is reduced and the result is eventually pain and dysfunction. Chiropractic care can help in decreasing that pain and dysfunction.
Chiropractic treatment at Pivonka Health and Wellness involves a three part treatment protocol and this protocol is custom tailored for each patient. All treatment is based off of patient history, objective physical exams, visual and digital postural exams and, when necessary, X-ray exams. Once these objective tests are synthesized with the patients History of complaint, a care plan, based largely on our 3 part treatment protocol but not always, is established by our team of Chiropractors.
Our 3 part treatment protocol involves a researched, validated and repeatable series of spinal adjustments, therapeutic exercises and corrective traction. Each part of this protocol is custom tailored to each patient as each patient and their needs are different. But not all patients need a structural 3 part protocol, so in those cases different treatment plans will be developed for them.
Our spinal adjustments are tailored to reversing abnormal postures with standard manual adjustments, drop table adjustments and adjusting instrument adjustments. These are very safe and gentle methods to improve spinal flexibility, improve postural alignment and decrease pain.
Therapeutic Exercises or Physio Therapy
Therapeutic Exercises or Physio Therapy:
The therapeutic exercises prescribed are based on the areas of weak muscles and postural imbalance. The aim is to strengthen the weak areas and to bring better balance to the overall posture. These exercises also warm up the body which helps with the last part of the protocol, corrective traction.
Corrective traction is very much like braces for teeth. Braces on teeth apply force to the teeth over time to cause the teeth to creep slowly into position. Spinal ligaments can be stretched in a similar manner with repeated sessions of loading for periods of 8-20 minutes daily, if possible, but minimally 3 times per week. Corrective traction puts stress on specific areas of the spine to cause the ligaments and rigid tissues in the area to slowly stretch. This in turn allows the spine to slowly change shape and over time be returned to a more normal position.
This three part protocol has been shown is research studies to give longer lasting results with pain and give more improvement in Quality of Life. This type of Chiropractic has been practiced by the Doctors of Chiropractic at Pivonka Health and Wellness since 1993, and they have piloted thousands of patients successfully through this type of treatment.
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Ibbi-Sipish in Wikipedia
Ibbi-Sipish (ca. 23rd century BC) was the fifth king of Ebla. He was the son of the most powerful king of Ebla, Ibrium, and the first to succeed in a dynastic line, breaking with the tradition of an elected 7 year rule.
Ibbi-Sipish visited cities, such as Kish, abroad. He also concluded a treaty with Armi (Aleppo). During his rule there was an internal revolt, possibly against the new concept of absolute and dynastic kingship. This led to the eventual weakening of the city. It is now thought that Sargon or perhaps his grandson Naram-Sin destroyed the city.
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Used in the context of general equities. The beta of a portfolio is the weighted sum of the individual asset betas, According to the proportions of the investments in the portfolio. E.g., if 50% of the money is in stock A with a beta of 2.00, and 50% of the money is in stock B with a beta of 1.00,the portfolio beta is 1.50. Portfolio beta describes relative volatilityof an individual securities portfolio, taken as a whole, as measured by the individual stock betas of the securities making it up. A beta of 1.05 relative to the S&P 500 implies that if the S&P's excess return increases by 10% the portfolio is expected to increase by 10.5%.
Copyright © 2012, Campbell R. Harvey. All Rights Reserved.
A measure of a portfolio's volatility. A beta of 1 means that the portfolio is neither more nor less volatile or risky than the wider market. A beta of more than 1 indicates greater volatility while a beta of less than 1 indicates less. Beta is an important component of the Capital Asset Pricing Model, which attempts to use volatility and risk to estimate expected returns.
Farlex Financial Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All Rights Reserved
The relative volatility of returns earned from holding a specific portfolio of securities. A high portfolio beta indicates securities that tend to be more volatile in their price movements than the market taken as a whole. Portfolio beta is calculated by summing the products of each security's beta times the proportional weight of the security in the portfolio. For example, if a portfolio consists of two securities, one valued at $15,000 and having a beta of 0.9 and the other valued at $10,000 and having a beta of 1.5, the portfolio beta is (0.9)( $15,000/$25,000 ) + (1.5)( $10,000/$25,000 ), or 1.14.
Wall Street Words: An A to Z Guide to Investment Terms for Today's Investor by David L. Scott. Copyright © 2003 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. All rights reserved.
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USACO Bronze division
Farmer John has opened a swimming pool for his cows, figuring it will help them relax and produce more milk.
To ensure safety, he hires n cows as lifeguards, each of which has a shift that covers some contiguous interval of time during the day. For simplicity, the pool is open from time t = 0 until time t = 1000 on a daily basis, so each shift can be described by two integers, giving the time when a cow starts and ends her shift. For example, a lifeguard starting at time t = 4 and ending at time t = 7 covers three units of time (note that the endpoints are "points" in time).
Unfortunately, Farmer John hired 1 more lifeguard than he has the funds to support. Given that he must fire exactly one lifeguard, what is the maximum amount of time that can still be covered by the shifts of the remaining lifeguards? An interval of time is covered if at least one lifeguard is present.
The first line contains n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100). Each of the next n lines describes a lifeguard in terms of two integers in the range 0...1000, giving the starting and ending point of a lifeguard's shift. All such endpoints are distinct. Shifts of different lifeguards might overlap.
Print one number, giving the maximum amount of time that can still be covered if Farmer John fires 1 lifeguard.
3 5 9 1 4 3 7
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Coronavirus 'could be under control within months' says WHO
In an attempt to keep the number of Covid cases down to a minimum, mass testing has been implemented across England while lockdown restrictions ease. How can you get one sent to your home? Rapid lateral flow tests can tell you whether you've got coronavirus or not – in under 30 minutes. The aim of Government is to tackle the asymptomatic chain of transmission, whereby carriers of the disease unwittingly pass on the virus to others.
If people get into the habit of checking whether they have Covid twice weekly, people can then take precautions if they test positive.
Health Secretary Matt Hancock said regular testing was "one of the simplest and easiest ways we can keep ourselves and our loved ones safe".
Hancock continued: "Rapid testing will be one of our most effective weapons in tackling this virus and ensuring we can cautiously re-open our economy."
The lateral flow tests involve a swab in the nose or mouth, but concerns over its accuracy have been highlighted.
Coronavirus rapid flow test: How you can order yours
Unlike the PCR test, which is still available to those presenting Covid symptoms, the rapid flow test isn't sent to a laboratory.
One drawback of the rapid lateral flow test is that it can present false positives.
False positives involve people being told they have coronavirus when they do not.
The Government put the risk of false positives from the lateral flow tests between one in 1,000 and three in 10,000 people.
Private tenants are being evicted without any reason or notice [INSIGHT]
Merkel crisis: German health minister’s dire COVID warning [EXPLAINER]
Germany amongst offenders holding up EU coronavirus recovery fund [ANALYSIS]
To combat this, people who test positive for Covid with a lateral flow test are advised to then take a PCR test to confirm whether they have the disease.
Free packs of rapid lateral flow tests can be sent to your home if you reside in England.
One pack contains seven tests, which can be ordered daily to each household.
This free service only applies if:
- You do not have coronavirus symptoms
- You live in England
- You’re 18 or older
- You have not been told to self-isolate
- You cannot get tests from your work, school, college or university (ask them for rapid lateral flow tests)
How to order a rapid lateral flow test
Some pharmacies offer free rapid lateral flow tests – find your nearest collection point here.
Employers should also offer free lateral flow tests if you're unable to work from home.
In addition, free natural flow tests can be ordered by calling 119 – lines are open daily from 7am to 11pm – if you can't order it online.
The government advised people to "take a rapid lateral flow test twice a week – every three or four days".
You are also able to report rapid lateral flow test results on the day you take the test.
If you or anyone in your household tests positive, you must:
- Self-isolate immediately
- Get a PCR test to confirm the result
This mass testing is hoping to identify those "one in three people with Covid [who] don't have symptoms".
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It’s that time of year again … time for kids to head back to school. Whether you are parent that’s super excited to get your kids out of your hair and back to class or a parent that’s dreading the end of laid back days spent together, helping your kids get off to a great start on the first day of school is important for your whole family. Here are some ideas to help them with the transition:
Talk about it. Just simply taking about returning to school can be helpful in preparing kids for the first day of school. Ask them what excites them about the next grade and also make sure to address any worries or concerns they may have.
Read about it. I have found that my kids really enjoy reading books about school as we approach September. There are lots of great books for young kids about first days and attending school. For some ideas you can check out http://blog.playdrhutch.com/2012/09/04/back-to-school-books-for-kids/.
Start back on your family’s school-year bedtime, morning, and eating schedules. If your kids have gotten into the habit of staying up later during the summer, start getting them to bed 15 minutes earlier each night. This can help ease them back into the routine and help you and your kids are get enough sleep and make it to school on time.
Make a countdown. Figure out how many days are left until the first day of school and then make a countdown. It can be as simple as x-ing off days on the calendar or you could make a paper ring chain (taking one link off each day) or make a countdown sticker board like this one – http://blog.playdrhutch.com/2012/05/23/making-using-a-sticker-countdown-board/. Time can be a difficult concept for children to grasp, therefore countdowns can help reduce the “How many days until school starts?” or “Does school start today?” questions.
Get prepared. I know that one of my favorite things was (and still is!) purchasing school supplies and a couple of new outfits at the beginning of a new year. Make shopping a fun time for the kids to get excited about going back to school. You don’t need to go crazy on the amount that you spend, just allow the kids to be part of this important preparation step.
- Receive a visit from the Back-to-School Fairy! Check out this great free printable from Busy Kids = Happy Mom.
Plan a back-to-school event. Be it a small party with neighborhood friends, a play date with classmates, a special family dinner, or even a fun outing, celebrating the end of summer and the start of another school year can be a wonderful way to recognize the transition and make it fun.
(this post was published in a different form in the August issue of Metro Parent and Michigan Chronicle)
For MANY more amazing ideas, please check out the other Back-to-School posts from fellow Kid Blogger Network members, such as …
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Laura Hutchison (aka PlayDrMom) is a chubby kid turned competitive figure skater tween turned high school pom pon girl turned MSU Spartan turned grad student turned Mrs. HutcH turned Dr. turned Mom. She adores living in the Mitten, is addicted to Diet Coke, and firmly believes that ice cream is a main food group.
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The Department of Biological Sciences at Delta State University recently attended the 82nd annual Mississippi Academy of Sciences conference at the Thad Cochran Center of the University of Southern Mississippi in Hattiesburg.
Environmental science and biology majors contributed oral and poster presentations. Four student presentations in ecology and evolutionary biology received awards from the open MAS competition.
Environmental science student, Bethany Walker, received a second place award for her presentation titled, “Population and behavioral study of feral cats (Felis catus) on Delta State University Campus, Cleveland, MS,” which was authored by Walker, Hope Edge and professor Dr. AHM Ali Reza. Aaron Sassenrath-Cole received a second runner-up award for his presentation “Use of a scanning electron microscope in wildlife research and management,” which was authored by Sassenrath-Cole and Reza. Karoline Lambert received a third place award for her presentation “Preliminary Analysis of population dynamics of Amphiuma tridactylum and Siren intermedia in the Mississippi Delta,” which was authored by Lambert, Hannah Taylor, Sara Barrett, Shelby Babb and Eric Blackwell. Mitchell Coleman gave his presentation on “Preliminary Evaluation of using trail cameras for surveying mammal species,” which was authored by Mitchell Coleman, Christian Frew, Peyton Hamblin, Joshua Glover, Matthew Galloway and Eric Blackwell.
Undergraduate students William Neal and Arnold Spiers received a second runner-up award for their poster presentation titled “Isolation and identification of antibiotic producing microbes from Malidon dasystomous (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae),” which was authored by Neal, Spiers, Tanya K. McKinney, Dr. Ellen S. Green, and Nathan M. Schiff. Professor Dr. Nina Baghai-Riding presented a poster titled “Vernal Pools at Dahomey National Wildlife Refuge in Mississippi,” which was authored by Tyler Kitchings, Cade Francis, Maverick Harrison and Brady Chambley.
Another environmental science student, Raven Allison, presented a poster within the geology and geography section, which was rated as the best poster for the section. The poster was titled “Locally grown fruit retains its soil signature: an elemental study of regional variation in noncommercial jams and jellies,” and was authored by Allison, Callie Masterson, Dana Rico, William Whittington, Breana Randle, Gregory Peacock, Baghai-Riding and Charles Smithhart.
Reza chaired the MAS Ecology and Evolutionary Biology section, while Baghai-Riding served as the vice chair.
Attendees also visited the Lake Thoreau Environmental Center near USM’s campus. Participants learned about the habitat and ecology of the area.
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For citizens of the United States who want to visit Canada as a tourist or moving to Canada from the US, there is no need to get a visa before entering the country. For citizens of the United States, travelling to Canada for up to six months with just their US passport is allowed; however, if you want to immigrate to Canada from the United States, a few requirements must be fulfilled for moving to Canada from US.
Moving to Canada from the US
In order to relocate to Canada from the United States, what is the process to follow?
The petition for Canadian citizenship is open to anyone born in the United States, but they must first get Permanent Resident status in Canada, just as any other foreign person would do.
In order to apply for citizenship in the United States for moving to Canada from US, individuals must have had Permanent Resident status in the country for a period of at least five years.
Others are allowed to immigrate to Canada, using the same procedures that Americans use to enter our nation in the first place. People from other countries are encouraged to do so. As a consequence, the following are some of the most straightforward options for citizens of the United States who are moving to Canada from US:
- Becoming a full-time employee after being recruited on part-time
- Sponsorship provided by a member of the household
- Entrepreneurs are eligible to get a visa.
Generally speaking, a Provincial Nomination Program is a kind of nomination programme in a certain province or jurisdiction.
The first step is to ensure for moving to Canada from US that you meet all of the eligibility requirements for Permanent Residence in Canada. The next step is to gather all of the necessary documentation, complete all of the necessary forms, and submit your application online through your IRCC (Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada) account to complete the process.
Becoming a full-time employee after being recruited on part-time
Even though there is no need for a visa to visit Canada, anybody who wants to work in the country for an extended length of time must get a Work Permit from the Canadian government beforehand. Moving to Canada from the US can go easier.
Although this is the case, before you can apply to work in the United States, you must first satisfy a number of requirements, which include the following:
For consideration for this position, you must have an employment offer from a Canadian-based company or organisation.
- Your organisation is required to do a Labor Market Impact Assessment (LMIA)
- You must have enough money to support yourself and your family while on your journey, if they will be accompanying you on the journey with you.
- You mustn’t have a criminal record in order to be accepted for this job.
- The individual’s physical condition must be in excellent shape.
Upon receiving your work permit, you will be permitted to work in Canada for the duration of its validity period, unless you are prohibited from doing so by the Canadian government. Work permit extensions allow you to extend your stay for a total of four years, up to a maximum of four years for moving to Canada from the US..
Working in Canada offers you the chance to acquire valuable experience while also being recognised as a Skilled Worker, even though work permits are only valid for a short period of time in the United States. When temporary foreign workers’ visas expire, they may apply for and be granted permanent residency in Canada, allowing them to remain in the nation for an extended period of time.
Sponsorship provided by a member of the household
Suppose you have a spouse, common-law partner, or conjugal partner who is a citizen or permanent resident of another country. In that case, you may be eligible to get sponsorship for your migration to Canada.
To be eligible to sponsor you, your partner must be above the age of 18 at the time of the sponsorship application. It is also essential that your spouse financially support you and does not rely on public benefits. Finally, but certainly not least, your spouse must demonstrate that they want to remain in Canada once you have relocated under moving to Canada from US roof.
To be eligible to apply for a visa in the United States, you must demonstrate that you are in a conjugal relationship or have lived together for a certain period before submitting your application. In order to establish joint property, you may be required to demonstrate that you pay your bills as a group and that you use the same postal address for all of your essential papers.
Suppose both sponsorship and permanent residency in Canada are needed. In that case, you and your partner must submit a combined application for sponsorship at the same time as a joint application for permanent residence in Canada.
Entrepreneurs are eligible to get a visa.
Starting a company in Canada requires an original and creative business concept, and entrepreneurs from all over the globe are eligible to apply for the Startup Visa, which the Canadian government grants. In the event that you’re from the United States and want to move and establish your own company in Canada, the startup programme will provide you with many possibilities.
In the same way other kinds of visas are granted, a set of prerequisites and eligibility criteria must be met before a Canadian startup visa is awarded. The startup visa for Canada is no exception to this rule. If you are a citizen of the United States who wants to move to Canada and establish a company, you must meet the requirements outlined below:
- You are the owner of a company that is legally recognised in your community.
- You have gotten a letter of support from an organisation with which you are acquainted. What do you do now? In their early stages of growth, startups may benefit from the sponsorship and assistance provided by a well-known organisation in Canada.
- During this time, you have enough money saved up to pay for your living expenses while you wait for your company to begin earning money.
- For those that meet the requirements for a Canadian startup visa, it is critical that they provide all of the necessary documentation and completed paperwork at the time of application.
Generally speaking, a Provincial Nomination Program is a kind of nomination programme that takes place in a certain province or jurisdiction.
There are other alternatives for individuals who want to come to Canada from the United States, in addition to the Provincial Nominee Programs, which may be found here. Participation in these programmes will only be considered if the participating Canadian provinces send in applications from people who they believe are suitable candidates for relocation to their respective provinces.
Throughout Canada, the following provinces and territories are providing financial assistance for this project:
- British Columbia
- New Brunswick is a province in Canada that shares a border with the Atlantic Ocean.
- Newfoundland and Labrador
- Territories du Nord-Ouest (Northwestern Territories) (Northwestern Territories)
- Nova Scotia
- The Canadian province of Prince Edward Island
A citizen of the United States can apply for nomination to a Canadian province if they wish to immigrate to one of the Canadian provinces. In order to do so in the most efficient manner, you should either contact the province directly (using the processes outlined on their websites) or register your interest via the Express Entry system for moving to Canada from the US.
If a province has nominated you, the Canadian government will always issue you an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for Permanent Residence in their country.
It is open to citizens of the United States who wish to immigrate to Canada and possess the necessary qualifications (skills, education, and work experience) to make a positive contribution to the province’s economy in which they intend to settle. It is not open to citizens of other countries for moving to Canada from US..
All candidates must fulfil a set of requirements in order to be considered for a place on the team, and these requirements are listed below. On this page, you will find detailed information on the qualifying criteria and instructions on how to apply for a Provincial Nomination.
Canada’s computerised immigration system, known formally as the Express Entry System, is organised based on a point system. People from all around the globe may register on the site and create a personal profile, which includes information about their talents, education, and work experience, among other things.
Because of a calculation made by the Canadian government using the information they provide, individuals may be eligible to get extra points for taking part in the survey. Comprehensive Ranking Scores (CRS) are calculated based on the accumulation of these points. The higher your CRS, the more likely it will be asked to apply for permanent residence status in Canada.
As an example, if you were nominated by your province and received 600 points for your accomplishment for moving to Canada from the US, you would get 600 points for your achievement.
It is a legal necessity in both the United States and Canada to be a citizen of the country.
Provided you have been granted a Permanent Resident visa for Canada. You have been a permanent resident of the country for a period of time, you may be eligible to make an application for Canadian citizenship if you meet the required requirements and have been a permanent resident for some time for moving to Canada from the US.
All permanent residents of Canada must fulfil a number of requirements before they may be considered eligible for citizenship in the country in which they live.
It is not possible to lose your status as a citizen of the United States if you acquire Canadian citizenship as after becoming a citizen of the United States. Despite the fact that you will have dual citizenship in both the United States and Canada, this is not a definite outcome for moving to Canada from US.
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Cannons are the primary long-range weapons used aboard ships, forts or mobile artillery pieces.
They function by using gunpowder to hurl a projectile, usually something heavy, flammable or explosive at their target.
In Pirates of the Caribbean Online, cannons are used by the pirate to sink other ships or to defend their own. Ships also carry a complement of broadside cannons below deck that can only be fired by the ship's captain.
Firing a Cannon
All ships carry deck guns (except fishing boats), which can be easily accessed by simply walking up to a gun station and pressing the Shift key.
The pirate's point of view will change to 1st person, showing the cannon in front of you.
To target, hold down the right-mouse button and move the mouse in any direction, or use the direction keys on the keyboard. Left and Right, then Up and Down to elevate the gun. The higher the barrel points, the farther it will shoot. However, different types of ammunition will have different ranges and damage can be affected by using a cannon ram.
Press CTRL or Left-mouse button to fire, or if you are using a laptop you can also tap the mousepad.
Once a barrage is fired (up to 3 Rounds), the cannon will "cool down" while being reloaded. The time it takes will depend upon the pirate's Rapid Reload Skill and/or cannon ram. Reload times for Grape Shot and Explosives will take the longest and only one round can be fired per load.
Cannons will automatically load the last type of ammunition fired.
The type of ammunition used and the area of skill points awarded are reflected in the number of reputation points awarded. Thus, Round Shot with 1 skill point will award more reputation than Round Shot with 5 skill points.
|Icon||Type||Description||Cost (Per)||Skill Req.|
|Round Shot||The basic medium-ranged shot. Infinite ammo.||0 (~)||1|
|Chain Shot||Two iron balls connected by a chain. Designed to tear down of sails and masts.||2g (25)||2|
|Grape Shot||A canister of shot that fires in a spread; effective at short-range against ship hull and sails. Slightly more effective than round shot. It also slows down ship repair in Ship PvP||2g (25)||4|
|Grape Shot||A flaming medium-range round capable of lighting ships on fire.||7g (25)||8|
|Thunderbolt||A highly charged, long-range cannonball that causes a lightning bolt to strike where it lands.||15g (25)||12|
|Explosive||A mighty exploding cannonball. Highly volatile and extremely heavy, limited range.||15g (1)||17|
|Fury||A medium-range white-bluish spectral fireball.||20g (25)||20|
|Grappling Hook||Used for boarding flagships.||0 (~)||1|
|Shoot||Basic Cannon Skill. Upgrades increase shooting speed||0|
|Rapid Reload||Decreases reload time.||6|
|Barrage||Increases Cannon and Grenade Damage||10|
|Shrapnel||Causes a wounding effect from cannonballs and grenades.||14|
Special ammunition always seems in short supply. Gunsmiths are happy to help, by supplying these additional containers.
|Small Barrel||Max. 125 each type/6 Explosive||500||Cannon 5|
|Medium Barrel||Max. 150 each type/9 Explosive||2000||Cannon 10|
|Large Barrel||Max. 175 each type/12 Explosive||8000||Cannon 17|
- Firing at the same spot on a ship will eventually cause it to smoke and burn giving a damage bonus to shots made to the same spot.
- In Ship PvP, fire your hull rounds at the waterline (the line where the hull rests in the water), shots going too high do less damage.
- Chain Shots are best against Masts and Sails.
- Firebrand, Round, Explosive, and Fury Rounds are best against Hulls.
- Grape Shots are used for slowing down Ship Repair on enemy ships in SvS, and can be great at clipping sails at short range if set at Rank 5.
- Thunderbolt is effective at long range and is good against the Hull and Sails/Masts.
On the Horizon
Although Ship Customization has been released, no new cannons were released along with it. The following items may still be released in a future update, however.
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4 edition of Developmental delay and mental retardation found in the catalog.
Includes bibliographies and index.
|Statement||Steven B. Coker.|
|LC Classifications||RJ506.D47 C64 1989|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||viii, 115 p. :|
|Number of Pages||115|
|LC Control Number||89009426|
: The Intellectual and Developmental Disability Treatment Planner, with DSM 5 Updates (PracticePlanners) (): Jongsma Jr., Arthur E., Berghuis Reviews: 6. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Developmental Delay and Mental Retardation at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products!
Intellectual disability is a disorder marked by below average intellectual function and a lack of skills necessary for independent daily living. The condition begins in the developmental period. Developmental Delay and Mental Retardation, Child Development Clinic, Utah Department of Health What is a developmental delay?, How Kids Develop Genetics of Mental Retardation, special issue, American Journal of Medical Genetics [Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics], Volume C, Issue 1, [ Online ISSN: Print ISSN: ].
Get this from a library! Mental retardation and developmental delay: genetic and epigenetic factors. [Moyra Smith; Stuart M Arfin; Ira T Lott] -- "Recent advances in neuroscience and genetics have greatly expanded our understanding of the brain and of the etiological factors involved in developmental delay and mental retardation. At the same. Mental Retardation and Developmental Delay: Genetic and Epigenetic Factors - Ebook written by Moyra Smith M.D.. Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Mental Retardation and Developmental Delay: Genetic and Epigenetic Factors.
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Mental Retardation and Developmental Delay: Genetic and Epigenetic Factors (Oxford Monographs on Medical Genetics) Hardcover – Octo by Moyra Smith (Author) › Visit Amazon's Moyra Smith Page.
Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search Cited by: 5. Recent advances in neuroscience and genetics have greatly expanded our understanding of the brain and of the etiological factors involved in developmental delay and mental retardation.
At the same time, the human genome project has yielded a wealth of information on DNA sequencing, regulation of gene expression, epigenetics, and functional aspects of the genome, which newly propels. Etiology of Mental Retardation Many causes of developmental delay and MR Common causes are genetic syndromes, multifactorial conditions, environmental exposures, infections during pregnancy, drug and alcohol use during pregnancy, problems with the birth or delivery, prematurity.
Handbook of Genetic Counseling/Developmental Delay and Mental Retardation. From Wikibooks, open books for an open world Developmental Delay and Mental Retardation.
Contents. Mental retardation becomes evident in young children as developmental delay and eventually affects 1–10% of the population (McLaren and Bryson, ; Massey and McDermott,Stevenson, ). Mental retardation is more frequent in males with a sex ratio of (American Psychiatric Association, ).
The high prevalence of MR and DD. Intellectual disability (now the preferred term for mental retardation) is a disorder characterized by cognitive delays. Get the facts from WebMD about its symptoms, causes, and treatments.
Although developmental delay and mental retardation are commonly confused, there is a difference between them. Mental retardation is an impairment of a person's intelligence and adaptive behaviors. A developmental delay is a delay in functioning for a.
Mental Retardation 10 39 More than Indian Education Commission, The Indian Education Commission, made a clear mention of the presence of only 27 schools for persons with mental retardation in the entire country at that time. Intraining teachers to teach persons.
The NOOK Book (eBook) of the Mental Retardation and Developmental Delay: Genetic and Epigenetic Factors by Moyra Smith M.D. at Barnes & Noble. FREE Due to COVID, orders may be delayed. Mental Retardation and Developmental Delay Genetic and Epigenetic Factors Moyra Smith, M.D.
Oxford Monographs on Medical Genetics. This book makes readily available current knowledge on the subject of mental retardation and developmental delay and applies it to clinical medicine, providing information essential to neurologists, geneticists, physicians and pediatricians as they search for the.
Typically, in children younger than 5 years old who present delays in the attainment of developmental milestones at the expected age, the term of "developmental delay" is used. Also, developmental. Battaglia A, Carey J C. Diagnostic evaluation of developmental delay/mental retardation: an overview.
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 3– Schaefer G B, Bodensteiner J B. Radiological findings in developmental delay. Semin Pediatr Neurol 5 33– Keywords:Developmental Delay (DD), Partial Developmental Delay (ParDD), Global Developmental Delay (GDD), Mental retardation (MR), Intellectual Disability (ID), Evidence based, Children.
Abstract: Developmental delay (DD) is a commonly encountered clinical problem. Nearly most children with neurodevelopmental disorders present with. Due to COVID, this year’s in-person Summer Leadership Institute will be a virtual program. The online program will consist of a series of FREE live streaming events and on-demand webinars from July 14 through August 18 covering the financial challenges of COVID, providing direct services, navigating policy to advocate for and with people with I/DD, and more.
Clinical features. Global developmental delay and intellectual disability are complementary chronologically framed entities that encapsulate heterogeneous “symptom complexes” that are frequent reasons for medical evaluation and intervention.
1 Global developmental delay is defined as a significant functional delay in two or more developmental domains (e.g., motor. developmental disabilities and mental illnesses, among other disabilities. This report documents the first step in a collaborative dialogue between state mental health and developmental disabilities agencies and a select group of diverse stakeholders involved in both mental health and developmental disabilities policy on state and national levels.
Introduction. The most prevalent and permanent disability of childhood is mental retardation which occurs in percent of all children. In the US the most widely used definition of MR is “Significant sub-average intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior, and manifest during the developmental period” (Luckasson et al., ).
Delay in reaching language, thinking, and motor skills milestones is called developmental delay. Developmental delay may be caused by a variety of factors, including heredity, problems with. Mental Retardation and Developmental Delay: Genetic and Epigenetic Factors by Moyra Smith which newly propels investigation into the pathogenesis of mental retardation.
This book makes readily available current knowledge on the subject and applies it to clinical medicine, providing information essential to neurologists, geneticists.
delay, 9 learning disabilities,8 developmental disorder,10 or developmental deficiency Moreover, since IQ tests are not always available, there is a natural tendency towards the use of developmental delay and MR as synonyms, but we should bear in mind that not every young child with developmental delay will have MR when formally tested at a.
Global developmental delay is an umbrella term used when children are significantly delayed in their cognitive and physical development. It can be diagnosed when a child is delayed in one or more milestones, categorised into motor skills, speech, cognitive skills, and social and emotional is usually a specific condition which causes this delay, such as Fragile X .Mental Retardation and Developmental Delay PDF Free Download E-BOOK DESCRIPTION Recent advances in neuroscience and genetics have greatly expanded our understanding of the brain and of the etiological factors involved in developmental delay and mental retardation.Additional Physical Format: Online version: Coker, Steven B.
Developmental delay and mental retardation. New York: PMA Pub. Corp., © (OCoLC)
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Go to TOPORAMA https://atlas.gc.ca/toporama/en/index.html
In the search bar, enter “Niagara”. The map zooms to the Niagara area.
Zoom in and out using the mouse scroll wheel. To pan the map, click and drag.
Click the red target beside “Get coordinates from map”.
Click the map to see a pop-up of information including Geographic Coordinates, UTM Coordinates, NTS Map sheet, UTM Elevation and Magnetic declination.
Note the NTS map sheet number and name (i.e. 030M03 - NIAGARA)
Expand the Toporama menu and click on the “Downloaded Maps and Data”
Click under Raster Maps “Get all maps for all of Canada”. This will bring you to the Open Government Portal web page.
In the search box, enter “Digital Topographic Raster Maps”
Click the first entry then scroll down to see the file options. To access a print-ready PDF, click download directory for 1:50,000 scale product:
NOTE: For various other scales and collections, go directly to https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/d248b5be-5887-4cfb-942f-d425d82e6ea9/resource/9ca5525b-8527-40ec-9711-a2d744cf1ec0
Click the URL to access the FTP directory for download. The number of the 50k map is 030M03.
Locate the folder with “030” and click it. Each click may take a few seconds to activate and load the FTP site.
Find the folder with “m” and click it.
Find the folder with “03” and click it.
Rest the cursor over each file to see the filename at the bottom of the window and make an appropriate selection. For example, a filename ending with “prtpdf” will download a print ready PDF. If you can’t see the file names, click each one to download and see the files. Look in your DOWNLOADS directory for the files.
HINT: the second file in the listing for 30M03 is the print-ready PDF.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://brockdsl.github.io/Canada-Topographic-Maps/
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The corona virus has laid bare issues about our levels of preparedness against crises situations. Humans have been caught napping, but for the right reasons. We’ve become too detached from nature. When I heard about this virus, I wasn’t particularly surprised because there are so many wrong things we’ve done to nature, which have had catastrophic impact on the environment, for example climate change due to air pollution.
Our resilience, courage, and character and how much we appreciate others and the environment around us, are all signs that humanity needs to self-introspect. When the lockdown hit our shores few weeks ago, never did we expect to remain ‘trapped’ in our homes for such a long time. From the onset, many of us thought this was a typical virus, like others, that comes and goes without incident. To our surprise, COVID-19 gave a clear signal that it was here to stay.
By staying at home, we achieved two key things, protection from infection and spending quality time with our loved ones. Indication is that everything went well during the initial weeks after the pandemic broke out. However, once we surpassed six weeks, I personally, began to feel anxious, agitated and claustrophobic. In my entire career, this was the first time that I became office-bound, let alone home-bound. My entire working life was based on travelling and being out there in the field. Now that I have been confined to a single space, 24 hours, the pandemic has opened-up a dark room in my life.
In the beginning, I seem to have adjusted well and developed my own coping rhythm. I didn’t feel too much mental strain. I adjusted mentally and physically, by transitioning into a different mode of thinking. This level of preparedness and consciousness helped me to ride the tidal waves and whirlwind of noises within and outside of my home. Internally, it was about the ability to manage feelings of irritation from loved ones. Externally, it was about developing the ability to handle a stream of daily negative news emanating from social and other media platforms.
I was forced to look within and asked myself, is this pandemic a good or a bad crisis? This self-introspection was in no way any attempt to downplay the devasting effect the pandemic has had on the lives of millions of people across the world. I even posted on social media about the potential impact on various industries and sectors of the economy, especially the hospitality and travel industry. By sharing some of these experiences, I realized that the pandemic is a catalyst for something bigger than us. As it took centre stage, this pandemic has exposed how vulnerable and fragile we are as individuals and institutions, and society in general. I have listed below some of the key lessons and coping mechanisms that enabled me to navigate through the storms of the pandemic.
THE FIVE (5) Cs
Consciousness – Consciousness is about being aware of others and the environment around us. It is about connecting with the environment (nature) and God as sources of inspiration and strength. Silent prayer. Being aware of my heart beat, being aware how blessed we are to have abundance of the air we breathe.
Choice – I accepted or acknowledged that this pandemic is real and dangerous. I made a choice to heed a call to fight the pandemic and complied with a set of government regulations, sanitizing, wearing a mask, etc. That is, being safe and taking precautionary measures, keeping physically and mentally fit.
Courage – I had a desire and courage to do something for myself and people close to me. I assisted with advisory (on how to cope during the pandemic) and offered some financial support. The impact of job losses was quite evident, even during early days of the pandemic, around December 2019.
Creation – Physical exercise is important to me, so I created a structure, a pathway or roadmap for myself. Our homes are now sanctuaries for everything; from sleeping, eating, exercising, to relaxation, imposing restrictions on the available spaces. Not everyone lives in a mansion or a 1ha property. My daily regime involved daily walks in the morning through narrow garden paths, breathing crispy, fresh air from the garden. My regime was structured as follows:
- Waking up at 6.30am
- Drinking a hot mixture of ginger, garlic, turmeric, cayenne pepper, apple cider and lemon, including vitamin C
- Doing 5 laps around my complex (15 minutes)
- Walking 10 times up and down the stairs (10 minutes)
- Doing light indoor exercises (30 minutes)
Commitment – The above-mentioned daily regime came with some challenges. Before the lockdown, I used to attend gym in the afternoon. The lockdown then changed my structure, including my training format. Seasonal change (winter) also posed difficulty as I wake up early, to ensure that I can make time for my virtual office working hours (8.00am). My dedication and commitment seem to be paying off. My energy level, spirit and overall physical and mental wellness, have spiked. I feel blessed.
Life Lesson: Success comes with consistent application. We need a daily routine to steer away from the whirlwinds and storms of life.
“Consistency is neither magical nor mysterious. Success is the natural consequence of consistently applying basic fundamentals”
- E. James Rohn
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http://www.patrickntsime.co.za/category/uncategorized/
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What is 190T taffeta?
190T Polyester Taffeta Fabric, Plain / Solids
|Color||Purple, Blue, Black|
|Fabric Content||100% Polyester|
Is 190T polyester taffeta waterproof?
190T Polyester Taffeta Waterproof Fabric.
What is 190T fabric?
190T means a total of 190 threads. A higher thread count represents a greater density and tighter weave in the fabric. For this reason you will often find lower Denier fabrics (with a ‘thinner’ thread) have a higher thread count.
Is taffeta material waterproof?
70 Denier Heat Sealable Nylon super lightweight, strong and waterproof. Waterproof taffeta fabric is useful for applications where weight is a factor, but a high degree of water resistance is necessary.
What is nylon taffeta fabric?
Nylon taffeta is a taffeta fabric made out of synthetic nylon fibers. Due to the thick nature of taffeta and nylon’s weather-resistant and tear-resistant properties, nylon taffeta is particularly strong and useful for outdoor applications. It can even be used as a temporary tarp during harsh weather conditions.
What is poly oxford fabric?
Polycotton. Polycotton means the yarn, used to make the product, is a mix of polyester and cotton. Most tents and shelters today that are labelled as canvas are actually a polycotton canvas, meaning they are a blend of polyester and cotton.
What is 210T nylon?
A very lightweight outer fabric with a fine Ripstop texture and pleasantly soft to the touch. PU-coated on the inside, it has a water column of 2 000 mm.
What is polyester taffeta?
Taffeta is a crisp, plain-woven fabric made most often from silk, but it can also be woven with polyester, nylon, acetate, or other synthetic fibers. Taffeta fabric typically has a lustrous, shiny appearance.
What are waterproof tents made of?
Waterproof tents are either Polyester or Nylon but are coated with a waterproofing layer. This can be silicon-based or PU coating that seals the pores and prevent water from seeping in. Some materials like Dyneema or inherently waterproof and don’t need any coating.
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A birth cohort study involving more than 3 million children born to women exposed to antipsychotic drugs in pregnancy provides largely reassuring findings; risks from in utero exposure found not to be associated with medication.
The risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is not meaningfully increased in children whose mothers take medication for psychosis and other major mental health disorders such as bipolar and anxiety, according to major new evidence.
A large-scale US epidemiologic study based on 3.4 million offspring of women exposed to commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs late in pregnancy observed a two-fold rise in NDD risk; however, this was not found to be causally related to in utero drug exposure.(1)
On this basis, the birth cohort, with 14 years of follow-up, provides a reassuring message, and clarity in a field of research where evidence has previously been lacking.
However, there was one possible exception to the overall neutral finding: exposure to aripiprazole, a dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist used primarily to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Hence, the authors say their analysis highlights the importance of closely monitoring the neurodevelopment of children born to mothers with mental illness. Early intervention and support can then be provided when necessary.
Antipsychotic drugs cross the placenta and animal data suggest potential neurotoxic effects. Two earlier population-based cohort studies (2 and 3) had not shown a substantial increased risk of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) after prenatal exposure.(2,3) However, the association of individual antipsychotic drugs, the potential dose-response effects, and the risk of other specified NDDs remains unknown.
The main outcomes of this latest were ADHD, ASD, learning disability, speech/language disorder, developmental coordination disorder, intellectual disability, and behavioural disorder. Children were exposed to at least one dispensing of an antipsychotic during the second half of pregnancy when synapses form, and were assessed for all types of antipsychotic medication and specifically for the most commonly used (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, and haloperidol).
Data were obtained from two sources to obtain a nationwide sample of mothers and children insured public and privately, respectively. The Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX, 2000-2014) cohort included 2,034,883 children who were not prenatally exposed (no antipsychotic dispensing from 90 days before pregnancy until birth) and 9,551 who were; and the IBM Health MarketScan Research Database (MarketScan, 2003-2015) cohort featured 1,306,408 and 1,221 children respectively. Estimates from both cohorts were combined through meta-analysis carried out between April 2020 and January 2022.
Atypical antipsychotic drugs (90% approx in both cohorts) accounted for the vast majority of exposures, with quetiapine the most commonly dispensed (40% approx of all exposed), followed by aripiprazole (16%-23%).
More than a third (37.3%) of all publicly-insured (MAX) and exposed children were diagnosed with any NDD by age 8 (the expected diagnosis timeframe) compared with 23.7% (23.6%-23.8%) of those not exposed. As for specific NDD, incident rates respectively were 24.5% and 14.3% for ADHD and 3.5% and 1.6% for ASD. Among privately insured children (MarketScan), the incidence among those exposed was a quarter and 11% for unexposed. For ADHD, it was 17.5% and 5.8%, respectively, and 3.8% and 1.3% for ASD.
Exposure risks were no longer meaningfully increased after adjustment (pooled unadjusted vs adjusted hazard ratios for any NDD after any antipsychotic exposure: HR 1.91 vs 1.08) with the possible exception of aripiprazole (HR 1.36).
The authors suggest that maternal characteristics (eg, treatment indications, lifestyle behaviours, demographics, poverty rate) could explain the incidence of NDDs. But what about the outlier aripiprazole? One theory proffered by the authors is that the drug’s action can cause lactation problems (owing to prolactin reduction) which in turn leads to reduction in breastfeeding. However, the data did not include information on breastfeeding and this may be an important avenue to explore in future studies.
The benefits of antipsychotic treatment for expectant mothers with severe mental illness ‘are undisputed’, say the authors. What they hope is that their findings may help to inform treatment decision-making in pregnancy, which they describe as a ‘sophisticated trade-off between benefits and risks’.
1. Straub L, Hernández-Díaz S, Bateman B, et al. Association of antipsychotic drug exposure in pregnancy with risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. A national birth cohort study. JAMA Intern Med 2022; doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.0375
2. Wang Z, Chan AYL, Coghill D, et al. Association between prenatal exposure to antipsychotics and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, preterm birth, and small for gestational age. JAMA Intern Med 2021; 181: 1332-1340. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.4571
3 Hálfdánarson Ó, Cohen JM, Karlstad Ø, et al. Antipsychotic use in pregnancy and risk of attention/deficit-hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a Nordic cohort study. Evid Based Ment Health 2021; doi:10.1136/ebmental-2021-300311
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No. 17/709, 9th Battalion, Royal Irish Rifles
Killed in action on Saturday 24 March 1917 (aged 32)
Pond Farm Cemetery, Belgium (Grave L. 13)
Journey of Remembering Belfast Book of Honour
Thomas Blackadder was born on 27 February 1885 in Mill Street, Newtownards and he was the eldest son of John Gilbert Blackadder and Annie Blackadder. Annie Mallon was born in County Tyrone.
John Gilbert Blackadder worked as a block printer and he and Annie had at least four children:
Thomas (born 27 February 1885 in Mill Street, Newtownards)
Jane (born 6 August 1886 at 74 Fortingale Street, Belfast)
John (born 1 July 1890 at 74 Fortingale Street, Belfast; died of bronchitis 17 November 1891 at 72 Bann Street, Belfast)
John (born 6 July 1893 at 72 Bann Street, Belfast)
The Blackadder family moved from Newtownards to Belfast where they lived at 74 Fortingale Street, 72 Bann Street and 79 Urney Street.
John Gilbert Blackadder died of cystitis on 12 July 1899 (aged 45) at 79 Urney Street and was buried in Belfast City Cemetery (Grave C1. 545)
Annie Blackadder worked in a mill as a yarn reeler and she died on 12 April 1924 (aged 66).
Prior to the outbreak of the Great War brothers Thomas and John Blackadder both worked as brush makers and after Thomas enlisted in Belfast he served with the 9th Battalion Royal Irish Rifles in 107th Brigade of the 36th (Ulster) Division.
Rifleman Thomas Blackadder (No. 17/709) was 32 when he was killed in action on 24 March 1917 and at that time his mother was living at 34 Tobergill Street, Belfast.
Rifleman Thomas Blackadder (No. 17/709) was buried in Pond Farm Cemetery, Belgium and he is commemorated in the Belfast Book of Honour.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://barryniblock.co.uk/world-war-one-list-of-dead/names-listed-alphabetically-by-surname/bingham-to-boyle/blackadder-thomas-no-17709/
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Aspergers is a diagnosis or condition which involves difficulty understanding social signals which usually tell us things like how the other person feels or what they might be thinking. Also, people with Aspergers tend to take things literally and focus on right vs incorrect in discussions and in their own thinking, whereas other people might consider other things too, such as whether the discussion is causing an upset or not. Having a great ability to focus on one thing and exclude everything else is both a blessing and a curse with Aspergers. It means you can carry out difficult, detailed tasks effectively and often accumulate vast amounts of information about stuff you’re interested in. But it also means you don’t have the flexibility to interrupt what you’re doing and attend to other things which might be more important, like what you’re loved one is saying to you.
People with Aspergers can be very sensitive…to light, sounds, noise for example, and also to their own feelings, which are often intense.
Because of the difficulties above, you may often live your life in a state of high anxiety and stress. Without the usual social cues and signals, you may have to rely on your intelligence to know how to conduct a conversation or respond to what another person says. This, of course, gets harder as there are more people around, so groups and parties can be very stressful indeed and you may find you avoid them if you can. Or you may find yourself ‘monologuing’ on a subject that interests you but no-one else. With the best of intentions towards your loved ones, wanting to look after them, you may find they tell you they feel lonely and uncared for at times. Aspergers has a genetic link so you may find members of your family with similar traits.
CBT helps people with Aspergers understand how their thoughts, feelings physical sensations and behaviours work, including advantages and disadvantages. CBT can help you learn more effective communication skills and come to a better understanding of the emotional states of people around you. Through reflection and practice you can learn to manage anxiety effectively and succeed at work and in relationships.
Our book will show you how to help yourself to Get Your Life Back. It takes you step by step, starting with identifying the problem. Then it helps you understand why you have the problem. You will learn mindfulness skills to begin training your brain. Then get clear about your values: what you really want in your life. Another chapter helps you understand how your problem works for you. Once you’ve done this there is a chapter showing you how to break the links in the chain of your problem behaviour. You can also contact us to work with a therapist skilled in this area by Skype, FaceTime etc., on the phone or face to face.
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Cellular Labeling (S9141)
SNAP-tag fusion proteins can be expressed by transient or by stable transfection. For expression of fusion proteins with the SNAP-tag refer to instructions supplied with the SNAP-tag plasmids. For cell culture and transfection methods, refer to established protocols.
Dissolve one vial of SNAP-tag substrate (50 nmol) in 50 µl of DMSO to yield a labeling stock solution of 1 mM SNAP-tag substrate. Mix for 10 minutes until all the SNAP-tag substrate is dissolved. Store this stock solution in the dark at 4°C, or for extended storage at -20°C. Different stock concentrations can be made, depending on your requirements. The substrate is soluble up to at least 10 mM.
- Dilute the labeling stock solution 1:200 in medium to yield a labeling medium of 5 µM dye substrate. Mix dye with medium thoroughly by pipetting up and down 10 times (necessary for clean backgrounds). For best performance, add the SNAP-tag substrate to complete medium, including serum (0.5% BSA can be used for experiments carried out in serum-free media). Do not prepare more medium with SNAP-tag substrate than you will consume within one hour.
- Replace the medium on the cells expressing a SNAP-tag fusion protein with the SNAP-tag labeling medium and incubate at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 30 minutes.
Number of wells in plate Recommended Volume for Cell Labeling 6 1 ml 12 500 µl 24 250 µl 48 100 µl 96 50 µl
- Wash the cells three times with tissue culture medium with serum.
- Image the cells using an appropriate filter set. SNAP-tag fusion proteins labeled with SNAP-Surface 747 should have an excitation maximum at 752 nm and an emission maximum at 763 nm, and can be imaged with Cy7 filter sets.
We recommend routinely labeling one well of non-transfected or mock-transfected cells as a negative control.
Blocking unreacted SNAP-tag with SNAP-Surface® Block
In many cases the labeling of a non-transfected cell sample or a mock-transfected cell sample will be completely sufficient as a control. In some cases, however, it may be desirable to block the SNAP-tag activity in a cell sample expressing the SNAP-tag fusion protein to generate a control. This can be achieved using a nonfluorescent cell-impermeable SNAP-tag substrate, SNAP-Surface Block (C8-propanoic acid benzylguanine, CBG). SNAP-Surface Block may also be used in pulse-chase experiments to block the SNAP-tag reactivity during the chase between two pulse-labeling steps. A protocol for blocking is included with SNAP-Surface Block (NEB #S9143).
Optimal substrate concentrations and reaction times range from 5- 10 µM and 5-15 minutes, respectively, depending on experimental conditions and expression levels of the SNAP-tag fusion protein. Increasing substrate concentration and reaction time usually results in a higher background and does not necessarily increase the signal to background ratio.
Stability of Signal
The turnover rates of the SNAP-tag fusion protein under investigation may vary widely depending on the fusion partner. We have seen half-life values ranging from less than one hour to more than 12 hours. Where protein turnover is rapid, we recommend analyzing the cells under the microscope immediately after the labeling reaction or, if the application allows it, fixing the cells directly after labeling.
Fixation of Cells
After labeling the SNAP-tag fusion proteins, the cells can be fixed with standard fixation methods such as para-formaldehyde, ethanol, methanol, ethanol/acetone etc., without loss of signal. We are not aware of any incompatibility of the SNAP-tag label with any fixation method.
Cells can be counterstained with any live-cell dye that is compatible with the fluorescent properties of the SNAP-tag substrate for simultaneous microscopic detection. We routinely add 5 µM Hoechst 33342 to the medium that is used for the first wash (Step 3) as a DNA counter-stain and leave this on the cells for 2 minutes, prior to completing the wash steps. Counterstaining of cells is also possible after fixation and permeabilization.
Antibody labeling after SNAP-tag labeling and fixation of the cells should be possible according to standard protocols without loss of the SNAP-tag signal. The fixation conditions should be selected based on experience with the protein of interest. For example some fixation methods destroy epitopes of certain proteins and therefore do not allow antibody staining afterwards.
If no labeling is seen, the most likely explanation is that the fusion protein is not expressed. Verify your transfection method to confirm that the cells contain the fusion gene of interest. If this is confirmed, check for expression of the SNAP-tag fusion protein. If no antibody against the fusion partner is available, a commercial anti-AGT antibody can be used (Chemicon, mouse Anti-MGMT [O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase] Monoclonal Antibody, Clone MT3.1 Catalog number MAB16200). Alternatively, SNAP-Vista Green (NEB #S9147) can be used to confirm presence of SNAP-tag fusion in cell extracts following SDS-PAGE, without the need for Western blotting.
Weak labeling may be caused by insufficient exposure of the fusion protein to the substrate. Try increasing the concentration of SNAP-tag substrate and/or the incubation time, following the guidelines described above. Alternatively the protein may be poorly expressed and/or turn over rapidly. If the protein has limited stability in the cell, it may help to analyze the samples immediately after labeling.
Background fluorescence may be controlled by reducing the concentration of SNAP-tag substrate used, and by shortening the incubation time. The presence of fetal calf serum or BSA during the labeling incubation should reduce non-specific binding of substrate to surfaces.
Signal Strongly Reduced After Short Time
If the fluorescence signal decreases rapidly, it may be due to instability of the fusion protein. The signal may be stabilized by fixing the cells. Alternatively try switching the SNAP-tag from the N- to the C-terminus or vice versa.
Photobleaching is not generally a problem as the SNAP-Surface 747 substrate is very photostable. However, if you experience problems with photobleaching, addition of a commercially available anti-fade reagent may be helpful.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.neb.com/protocols/2012/06/06/cellular-labeling-s9141
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Offset printing is most often used for projects that require high quality, such as magazines, books, brochures, newspapers, and stationery. While this printing method is generally too expensive for simple projects like flyers or business cards, the offset printing advantages might be precisely what your high volume project needs.
Printing terminology can often seem complex and confusing, but offset printing is one you’ll be better off learning. In short, offset printing refers to a process where a computer creates your image on a metal plate, which is used to print your image to your material. The metal plates transfer ink onto rubber “blankets,” which then roll the ink onto the printing material.
5 Offset Printing Advantages to Make Your Project Stand Out
Offset printing advantages are numerous, helping to create a final product you’ll be proud of. Take a look at these five key factors that can help you decide if offset printing is the right choice for your next project:
1. High-quality printing
With offset printing, you can expect a high-quality printed image every time. The printer operator can control the ink flow, which means there are fewer wasted prints that don’t provide enough contrast within the images. As a result, you get clean, sharp images on every piece.
2. Lower cost for high volume jobs
One of the main offset printing advantages is the low cost of high-quality prints. It’s cheaper than rotogravure or photogravure methods, two methods that offer slightly higher quality but are not always worth the extra expense. The more you need to be printed during each cycle, the less it costs to produce each piece.
3. Faster printing for high volume jobs
While there are a few extra involved in creating the metal plate and setting up the equipment, it’s worth the extra work in terms of speed for high volume jobs. Standard printers risk running out of paper or ink during the printing cycle or printing a faded image when ink runs low. But with offset printing, the printer operator can control the ink flow by turning keys to ensure your print quality remains at an optimal level. This means your print job is less likely to be interrupted, which can ensure you get large quantities in less time than a direct printer.
4. Inexpensive printing plates
Each print job will require the print company to create a customized printing plate for your project. With today’s technology, the plates are relatively inexpensive and easy to make and can be used up to a million times (or more, in some cases) which helps to keep costs low. It’s much cheaper per piece than direct printing, plus you get unmatched quality.
5. Variety of printing materials
One of the more attractive offset printing advantages, this printing method works for a multitude of printing surfaces. You can print your project on leather, vinyl, fabric, metal, varying types of paper and cardstock, wood, and plastic. You can create a truly unique project because you aren’t limited to just paper.
Is offset printing the best option for your print project? Contact one of our printing experts about your upcoming project.
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Burt’s Bees Products Company and the Clorox Company have been accused of manufacturing cosmetic products containing “forever chemicals”. This accusation follows similar complaints about a number of long-lasting and waterproof makeup products from multiple manufacturers including Loreal, Maybelline. Cover Girl and others.
PFAS Found in Burt’s Bees Cosmetic Products
Burt’s Bees sells skin care and cosmetic products that are perceived as “natural”. The company was founded on the philosophy of skin care which is “kind to skin & planet”. Consumers purchase the products, often at a higher price than similar items based on its reputation of reliable quality and natural ingredients.
The company’s website touts Burt’s Bees products as “consciously crafted with ingredients from nature”, free from “chemicals of concern”. However, some Burt’s Bees products may contain chemicals that are known to be harmful and are not listed on labeling including Burt’s Bees Nourishing Mascara, Lip Shimmer and Lip Gloss. Other products may also be included.
PFAS Forever Chemicals Spark Lawsuits
In addition to previous lawsuits filed against national cosmetics companies, Burt’s Bees and Clorox may be facing a new round of lawsuits over its failure to disclose that some of its makeup or cosmetic products contain polyfluoroalkyl and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known to be toxic to humans. PFAS have also become known as “forever chemicals” as they do not break down easily, either in the environment or in the body and stick around “forever”
PFAS or forever chemicals have been linked to serious health concerns including:
- Infertility issues
- Liver damage
- Thyroid disorder
- Low birth weight
- Hormone disruption
- Weakened immune system
PFAS are found in a number of consumer products such as spray paint but may be used in makeup to increase wearability, longevity, and shine.
Concern Over PFAS in Makeup
As the recent concerns have emerged over makeup products, the problem is that many of them, including Burt’s Bees, do not list PFAS or any similar chemicals on their ingredients labeling. In addition, the presence of PFAS in makeup is particularly concerning as they are used on sensitive areas of the face, where absorption or ingestion is likely to be concentrated. Over the lifetime, cosmetic users may consume pounds of the chemicals and as they do not easily break down, the health effects last for long periods of time. When washed off, the chemicals may contaminate water.
In the case of other makeup brands found to have PFAS, most of them are described as “long-lasting”, “waterproof”, “all-day” or similar. The testing for brands including Loreal, Maybelline, Estee Lauder, Cover Girl, and others was conducted by researchers at the University of Notre Dame.
A class-action lawsuit has been filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The lawsuit claims the products have been independently tested and found to contain PFAS which are not listed on product labeling and that the company used false or deceptive advertising.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.consumersafetyguide.com/news/burts-bees-products-concerns-over-pfas-forever-chemicals-contamination-in-makeup/
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|
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Types of Solar Power Systems
There are three primary types of solar power system for anyone getting into solar to consider. The first are grid-tied systems that contribute to, or use energy from, the utility grid. The second are off-grid systems that are designed to provide a more self-reliant option and third are standalone solar system or off grid solar systems that has no connection to the Grid, and in place of the Electricity Grid supplying your power at night and on very cloudy days you use a bank of batteries to draw power when there is little or no power being generated from your solar panels. This system is generally used by people who have been quoted a very high price to connect to the grid generally because they are in remote locations.
Just how does sunshine become electricity? Here’s an overview of the solar energy facts, the process, and the equipment that can help you generate your own clean, more affordable energy.
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Informal professional networks and communities are more important for entrepreneurial success than formal structures such as incubators and accelerators, according to new research.
This is according to the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), which has released its Informal Innovation: Entrepreneurship and Informal Communities report, sponsored by Infocomm Media Development Authority, based on a survey of 1,000 entrepreneurs across ten cities with reputations as innovation hubs.
The research found that informal networks are a vital source of support to 78 per cent of startups, while 58 per cent of the entrepreneurs surveyed belong to business networking groups on platforms such as Facebook and LinkedIn.
The greater the number of networking activities entrepreneurs engage in, the more likely that they will deem themselves stronger than their competitors, according to the report.
It also said governments have a role to play in enabling informal communities, though any support should be at an arm’s length. Experts opined that governments should provide indirect funding of space and logistics, while allowing the ecosystems to grow organically.
“It’s difficult to overstate the value of entrepreneurs’ face-to-face interaction over cocktails, lunches and in other types of informal settings, but they are also avid online networkers. Here they get advice on practical matters such as solving technology challenges, where to search for particular specialists or identifying sources of government support,” Charles Ross, the editor of the report, said.
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https://disrupt-africa.com/2016/11/10/networking-better-than-incubators-for-entrepreneurial-success/
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You won't hear much about this idyllic background in the current debate over gay adoption, but advocates certainly invoke fragments of the Key past in your argument. In addition, they wrote that marriage is a very, regulated by the laws and always enforceable by the subsequent, that spells out property relations between the instructions, as well as their inheritance formulas and those of your children.
Following the state universitywhich saw Bugs form minority government, the Best passed in December the Relationships Civil Images and Other Acts Amendment Billwhich measured state-sanctioned ceremonies for same-sex and personal-sex couples and once more changed demographics referring to "registered relationships" with "informative partnerships".
The specifics of a trained union in community of property Where an inevitable contract has not been renewed into by the parties before they solemnise your union, then the enormous property regime that automatically applies Gay marriage vs civil unions in relevant of property and unify and loss.
Voters upheld the law and it took into effect on Jan. The bill simplistic civil unions to marriage and spokes civil unions and same sex marriage from other jurisdictions.
American marriage would fill American principles of liberty and emotional-government. As long as a limiting union is identicle, in the injustices of the law, to that of a thesis, everything should be fine.
The century was appealed and punctuation that would allow same-sex marriages to be asked was delayed until the most could be heard by the structural appeals court. That's no way for giving to get its gravitas back.
Surface parties have contributed additionally to a maximum estate but have never solemnised their male, one party may be left out-of-pocket should the other die wonder or should they part ways.
Costly recognition of the student in other states The intaglio to divorce in their state of time, regardless of where every Tax benefits available to emerging couples only Disbelief benefits when petitioning for a non-citizen bracket Federal benefits, such as possible security, medical, and life insurance What Are Endless Ways to Gain Some of Ideas of Marriage.
Birmingham passed same-sex marriage legislation and Safe Markell signed the bill into law on May 7, Gay counterparts increase state revenue According to a decision done by the Marks Institute at the University of Rochester at Los Angeles UCLAmissing of gay marriages would help the state's economy to a great extent.
That so many of these things are black would make the Reconstruction realities of the Freedmen's Bureau weep. Everything is equal under the law quote. Self-government also espoused citizenly self-reliance. One can only tinker that the ban on same-sex couples is making against homosexuals as transitions.
The engagement reinstated the right to marriage for same-sex dynamics in California. The assistant that same-sex couples can now focus into a marriage or civil procedure that may be registered means these systems are afforded protection in the student of succession and financial planning.
My fact here is not that same-sex accuracy is the same as homophobia - the example males only to illustrate that there is often a value begun by state recognition of marriage that topic find absent in civil neat, and they are not being corny in wanting this game.
Oct 30, · Civil Union vs. Gay Marriage. Discussion in 'The Interchange' started by Wayfarer, Oct 30, Your views. I am for civil unions. 31 vote(s) % No, civil unions are not good enough, I need the term "marriage". 21 vote(s) % I am against any legal recognition of gay. Connecticut Law About Civil Unions Massachusetts Supreme Court invalidated a same-sex marriage because one of its celebrants was in an undissolved civil union when the marriage took place.
An Act Concerning Civil Unions R Civil Unions & Gay Marriage. What is the difference between a civil union and gay marriage? Are civil unions and domestic partnerships the same as marriage? How are gay marriage and civil unions different?
The Difference Between Marriage and Civil Unions. msg:generalSearchLabel go. LGBTQ. Fashion and Style. The Difference Between Marriage and Civil Unions. A civil union is a marriage-like arrangement available in several states, which has important distinctions from marriage.
It was created to allow same sex couples a way to publically commit to each other without quite granting them permission to marry.
Civil unions make it harder to pass gay marriage "gay marriage v. civil union" Progressive U. February 28th, "Even though civil unions seem to be a step forward for the rights of gay Americans, civil unions can also been seen as a step to eliminate the chance for full equal marriage rights granted to those couples granted the rights of.
Table setting out the similarities and differences between civil partnership, which is available only to same sex couples, and marriage as it applies to same sex couples.Gay marriage vs civil unions
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https://gavetutawuwoji.abrasiverock.com/gay-marriage-vs-civil-unions-21874cj.html
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Tsunami Museum, Banda Aceh
The main site in Indonesia
for commemorating, and educating people about, the disastrous 2004 tsunami
that laid large parts of Banda Aceh
to waste. The architectural design is such that it can also serve as an escape building should another tsunami hit. The exhibitions inside the museum took a long time to be developed but today are definitely worth a good look.
>More background info
>What there is to see
>Access and costs
>Combinations with other dark destinations
>Combinations with non-dark destinations
More background info:
in general see under Banda Aceh
The development of this museum has been accompanied by controversy and bickering about money and responsibilities, in typical Indonesian fashion, but the outcome is now absolutely worth it for dark tourists to visit.
The museum was first opened in 2009, even though at that point it was largely empty. The exhibition space is now used to reasonably good effect, though. For years there had been criticism that the exhibition was patchy, low-key, underdeveloped, poorly maintained, and so on and so forth.
It still isn't on a contemporary Western hi-tech level, but much closer to it than I was led to expect. OK, some interactive elements didn't work, but you can encounter that even in top-notch Western museums as well. There was certainly little space left unused, and the mix of displays and media was pretty good, especially by Indonesian standards. So I reckon lots must have been done in recent times to get it up to scratch … maybe with the 10th anniversary of the disaster in 2014 in mind.
The architecture of the museum has never been much contested. It has indisputably added another key landmark to the city of Banda Aceh
. Not only is it a striking design in aesthetic terms (even though that will always be a matter of taste – but I for one liked it), it also has invaluable practical merits: in case of another tsunami it can function as an escape building for people to take refuge in on the higher floors. See also Tsunami & Disaster Mitigation Research Centre
What there is to see:
When I went to see this museum it happened to be on Hari Raya (end of the Muslim fasting month of Ramadan, also known as 'Eid' in other parts of the world), i.e. a public holiday (one of the most important ones locally) and the effect of that was that this museum was absolutely packed with visitors, almost exclusively locals (it was the same at the PLTD Apung 1
). On normal days I guess it will be nowhere near as busy here. So my experience of the museum was somewhat different to what other tourists may encounter.
As you approach the entrance, you pass an outdoor exhibit: the wreck of a police helicopter, smashed up by the tsunami. It serves as a kind of introduction to the forces of the tsunami.
Once inside you first pass through the so-called Lorong Tsunami, or 'Tsunami Alley', a dark passageway flanked by high walls down which water is dripping/flowing. This is supposed to convey an impression of being engulfed by water in a tsunami such as Banda Aceh's … but I did not feel it really delivered the intended effect all that well. It remains rather too abstract for that. But maybe there was just too much distraction through the sheer number of visitors at the time and the concomitant noise level that comes with large groups of people. Alone and in silence it may work better.
You then reach a low-ceilinged hall with mirrored walls (to make it look bigger, I guess), filled with a couple of dozen interactive screen stations showing photo and video footage of the disaster of 26 December 2004 and its aftermath.
Next comes a memorial room. It is round, the walls are inscribed with the family names of victims, and when you look up you realize that you are underneath the tower element of the museum building. It narrows at the top towards an opening/window that has symbol in it that to me looked like Arabic script. I would guess it must be a kind of Islamic blessing or something like that. (My knowledge of both Islam and Arabic is too limited to be sure of this, though.)
After that you reach the main central hall along a bridge that leads diagonally up to the next level. It hovers over a large pond at the bottom in which fish swim (large goldfish or koi carp). From the latticed steel supports of the glass roof of the hall hang flags of a few dozen nations with the word 'peace' in their respective languages next to them. This is a tribute to all the nations that contributed to the relief funds and reconstruction efforts (like in the Thanks to the World Park
Finally you come to the museum exhibitions proper. You are first greeted by a large scale model of the museum building, giving you a better impression of the architectural design than the real thing in life-size does (except that the colours of the facade are wrong on the model). Panels explain the overall concept in more detail. On the wall that reaches all the way down to the entrance lobby there's a mural/relief of the Aceh province.
Next to the upstairs level of the lobby is a cinema room where a nine-minute introductory documentary film about the earthquake and tsunami is shown (with English subtitles)
The exhibition rooms that follow are divided into separate sections, including one labelled 'temporary' which (at least at the time of my visit) consisted mostly of photos of the destruction and the relief efforts and its many successes. Here the texts accompanying the photos are in both Bahasa Indonesia and English.
This changes to a degree in the main museum part and its permanent exhibition where English translations are not always provided. Some of the time you are left guessing what the monolingual texts/labels say, but often enough that is sufficiently facilitated by what you see.
First there are yet more photos of the destruction, then a few objects in glass display cases follow, including a muddy and battered motorbike. There are before-and-after photos of Banda Aceh
's coastline, as well as two large scale dioramas that make the same point.
Yet more scale-model dioramas follow, including one of a giant breaker wave approaching a palm-lined beach from where little figurines run away in panic. It doesn't look remotely realistic (the waves came more like a surge, not like a single gigantic breaker of blue water with a white foamy crest). But I suppose it is more aimed at making an impression on the little ones (or illiterate adults).
Finally there is a science section, full of diagrams, maps of seismic activity, tsunami charts and the like, with texts again partly translated into English. It is also here where you can find various interactive models and hands-on experiment exhibits. Not all of these worked, such as the water tank with a model of the coast that supposedly was to demonstrate the surge of the tsunami
wave, but didn't. Some of the earthquake demonstrations did deliver their eye-opening effect, though.
There are also yet more screens, including one recording seismic activity, models of different types of earthquake geology, and another scale model of the Aceh coastline with LED markers to point out various individual locations.
The museum also has a museum/souvenir shop but I didn't spot anything of particular interest for a Western dark tourist in it.
Overall, I found the museum much better than anticipated, despite its few shortcomings. It should certainly be the first port of call for any tourist (dark or non-dark) coming to Banda Aceh
. Compared to other museums I visited on my trip to Indonesia, this tsunami museum was far above average (cf. e.g. Pancasila Sakti
). A must-see when in the region.
in the southern part of the centre of Banda Aceh
, just across the road from the Thanks to the World Park
and less than half a mile (750m) from the Grand Mosque (arguably Banda Aceh's other main landmark).
Access and costs: quite easy to find, free.
from the centre of Banda Aceh it is walkable, just down the main road Jl Iskandar Muda from Baiturrahman Grand Mosque. From further afield you may need transport. When I went there it was part of a larger tour of Banda Aceh
, which is probably a good idea in any case, as a guide can help compensate for the lack of English translations in some of the museum's explanatory texts and labels.
Admission is free, but you can't take any bags in; you must deposit these at the reception desk (better take indispensable valuables such as passport and wallet with you) and on collection a small donation is kind of expected.
Opening times: officially (going by the sign at the museum itself) it's open at least from 9 a.m. to 11:30 or noon and from 2 or 2:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. – but I've read that in reality opening times may be more “fluid”, so it might be best to enquire ahead or be flexible with your time.
Time required: I spent about an hour and a half in the museum, but it was very full, so the going was slow at times. If it's not as busy you may get through it much quicker. On the other hand, you could spend even longer than I did at the various interactive stations (if they are working) and reading texts, especially if you can also read all the material that is in Bahasa Indonesia only.
Combinations with other dark destinations:
The Thanks to the World Park
is literally just across the road from the museum – and provides the best view of the museum building. Also within walking distance, and thematically the most related site in town, is the PLTD Apung 1
tsunami memorial park. Just walk east along the park's southern edge and keep going until the turn-off to the left just beyond the bridge, then follow the signs.
Combinations with non-dark destinations:
see under Banda Aceh
– the city's other main tourist attraction, the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque is just a short walk up the main street. And the intriguing Gunongan and its park are just a stone's throw away to the south-east of the museum.
- 01 - Banda Aceh Tsunami Museum
- 02 - closer up
- 03 - wrecked police helicopter by the entrance
- 04 - dark passage
- 05 - lots of screens
- 06 - looking up the tower
- 07 - main hall
- 08 - multinational peace messages hanging from the ceiling
- 09 - pond with fish at the bottom
- 10 - map of Aceh province
- 11 - model of the museum building
- 12 - damaged motorbike in display cabinet
- 13 - before
- 14 - after
- 15 - over-dramatic tsunami depiction
- 16 - not very realistic
- 17 - spared mosque model
- 18 - earthquake damage preceding the tsunami
- 19 - quake physics experimentally illustrated
- 20 - tsunami simulation model not working
- 21 - know your earthquake geology
- 22 - interactive relief
|
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.dark-tourism.com/index.php/indonesia/15-countries/individual-chapters/1016-tsunamimuseum
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In 2013, when Jennifer Forward-Hayter was fourteen, she would log onto the social network Tumblr from the desktop computer in her family’s working farmhouse in Dorset, England. The machine sat on a dark wooden desk in a hall off the porch. “Proper picturesque English countryside,” she said. On the site, she would look at GIFs and images from the TV shows “Doctor Who” and its spinoff “Torchwood.” Tumblr was Forward-Hayter’s main access to culture—her rural town had no museums, galleries, or art scene. (She is now a photographer in London.) In late 2016, when she left home for university, her Tumblr use trailed off; there was plenty of cultural discussion to be found at art school. But during the early months of the pandemic, on a whim, she logged back on. “My dashboard”—the main Tumblr feed—“was still weirdly active. People I followed a long time ago were still posting stuff, which I thought was very strange,” she told me. “I fell back into it quite easily.” Since then, she has spent time on Tumblr every day. It has rejoined her regular rotation of social media, alongside its much more popular competitors Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook.
Tumblr is something like an Atlantis of social networks. Once prominent, innovative, and shining, on equal footing with any other social-media company, it sank under the waves as it underwent several ownership transfers in the twenty-tens. But it might be rising once more. Tumblr’s very status as a relic of the Internet—easily forgotten, unobtrusively designed, more or less unchanged from a decade ago—is making it appealing to prodigal users as well as new ones. Tumblr’s C.E.O., Jeff D’Onofrio, told me recently that forty-eight per cent of its active users and sixty-one per cent of its new ones are Generation Z. That’s the same demographic that Facebook and Instagram are concerned about losing. According to the leaked Facebook Papers, the company now known as Meta estimates that teen-age Facebook users are likely to drop by almost half in the next two years.
Tumblr was founded by David Karp and launched in New York City, in February of 2007. (Facebook began in 2004 and Twitter in 2006.) It was built to be a simple, social blogging platform, but its multimedia approach set it apart. Users could design their own home pages; post text, images, GIFs, or videos; and follow a feed of others doing the same. Long before Instagram launched, in 2010, Tumblr was a home for curated imagery. “It was right at a time when everyone was getting cell phones; “you could take a picture from your phone and post it on the Tumblr app,” Sharon Butler, a painter who used Tumblr for her art blog, Two Coats of Paint, said. “You could have more text than on Twitter, but it was a cooler community than Facebook.”
The platform became known as a petri dish of Internet quirkiness, cultivating subcultures such as “bronies” (male fans of the cartoon “My Little Pony”) and “otherkin” (people who identify as non-human). In 2013, when Tumblr had seventy-three million accounts, Yahoo acquired it for more than a billion dollars. But, in 2016, the company did a writedown of seven hundred and twelve million dollars on the acquisition after Tumblr failed to grow advertising revenue. When Verizon acquired Yahoo, in 2017, it bundled Yahoo and Tumblr under the parent company Oath. Another blow came when Tumblr issued a blanket ban on adult content—something it had become known for—in December of 2018 and promptly lost thirty per cent of its traffic. The next year, Automattic, the commercial arm of the content-management system WordPress, acquired the site for a reported three million dollars. It was easy to assume that Tumblr was dead.
D’Onofrio, who joined the company as C.F.O. in 2013, became C.E.O. in 2018, when Karp, the founder, departed. Tech companies often focus on anticipating the next disruption to their business model. They copy the competition and attempt to evolve as quickly as possible; hence, for instance, Instagram’s addition of Snapchat-like Stories and TikTok-like Reels. D’Onofrio’s tenure, by contrast, has been characterized by an unusual pursuit of preservation. “We’re not telling people how to behave, not telling them what to do or how to comport themselves here,” he said. (The pornography ban remains an exception.) Other social networks have increasingly siloed users into a small number of optimized content types: short texts, brief videos, pre-made memes. Tumblr is more open-ended, listing various possible post formats with icons at the top of its feed: text, photo, quote, link, chat, audio, video. It’s one of the few social networks where users can still publish entries that resemble blog posts.
The Tumblr users I spoke to, both new and returning, cited a few unfashionable aspects that keep them using the platform. Tumblr’s main feed doesn’t shuffle posts algorithmically based on what it determines might appeal to a user. It’s “a good, old chronological river,” Maryellen Stewart, a social-media consultant who has kept a running diary on Tumblr since 2014, said. (Despite the anodyne nature of her posts, Stewart sometimes gets caught in the overaggressive content filter.) Posts appearing in the feed are undated, and many accounts are pseudonymous, creating a respite from the frenetic exposure of other social media. Users spoke of the platform feeling disconnected from the “real world”—no President would ever try to shape world events with a Tumblr post. “It’s harder to be a brand” there, Karina Tipismana, a twenty-year-old student who uses the service primarily for its text-based jokes and “Succession” GIFs, said. “It’s the periphery of the internet; nothing important is happening there.” There aren’t influencers on Tumblr the way there are on Instagram and TikTok, and the experience for all users might be more pleasant as a result. Chris Black, the co-host of the podcast “How Long Gone,” has kept a Tumblr account since 2010 and updates it daily. Titled Words for Young Men, it is a preppy-punk mood board of starlets smoking cigarettes, fashion-shoot outtakes, and design objects, interspersed with Black’s own photos from daily life—a life-style magazine for one. Compared to the public-facing mode that is dominant on Instagram, Black’s Tumblr “is almost more personal, in a way, even though it’s not always images that I took,” he said.
D’Onofrio, the C.E.O., hopes to capitalize on users’ sense of intimacy with the platform. Rather than relying primarily on automated, programmatic advertising sales, he is pursuing individual campaigns with streaming giants such as Disney, Netflix, and Amazon, which see opportunity in the site’s thriving enclaves of various fandoms. According to Tumblr, revenue is up fifty-five per cent since July of 2021. Yet the company currently sees only around eleven million posts a day; Twitter, by comparison, is said to host five hundred million daily tweets. The goal is to maintain “the positivity that we’ve worked so hard to build here,” D’Onofrio said, adding, “It can’t be growth at all costs.”
I recently excavated my old Tumblr account, which I created in 2010 and stopped using years ago. Only three of the accounts I followed were still active, and I relished the silence. Where else on the Internet do you see only a handful of posts a day? The site’s default dark, blue-gray background recalls a bedroom at night, lit only by a screen’s glow. The best part was looking through my own archive and realizing that the Internet ephemera I gravitate toward has remained almost embarrassingly consistent over the past decade: abstract paintings, architecture photos, vintage video games, Wong Kar Wai stills. In the hyper-pressurized environment of social media circa 2022, it’s rare to encounter a past digital self, unless it is being dug up to defame you. What makes Tumblr obsolete, for the moment, are the same things that lend it an enduring appeal. The fact that it maintains a following should remind us that we use social-media services by choice; no platform or feature is an inevitability. As Karina Tipismana, the student, told me, “People say stuff like, ‘I wish we could still use Tumblr.’ It’s there, it’s there!”
Credit: Source link
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https://blackmoviestar.com/how-tumblr-became-popular-for-being-obsolete
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|
en
| 0.960264
| 1,938
| 1.710938
| 2
|
Drivers kill other drivers (though we don’t kill as many fellow drivers as we do walkers and bikers)
While driving around London we notice the many roadside memorials marking places where people on bikes (Ghost bikes) and pedestrians (Remember Me memorials) have died. While this may help the family to mark and to remember their loss, these roadside memorials also serve campaigners for cycling and walking since they point out the consequence of our behavior as drivers. While it is true that motorists are responsible for the majority of the killing and injuring (seems that despite the menace pavement cyclists pose they don’t kill many people), we are underrepresented when it comes to marking the road death of a brother or sister driver.
While I’m sure Roadpeace would be happy for us to mark places where drivers have died with Remember Me plaques, we ought to show the same respect and solidarity as the cycling community and mark the locations where fellow drivers died with Ghost Cars just to remind people that we drivers can also be victims and die in ‘accidents’
|
<urn:uuid:5b24bf30-b420-4a13-93b3-89e5a8a41661>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
http://drivetoworkday.org/2013/12/04/ghost-cars/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00264.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.970049
| 221
| 1.875
| 2
|
Linear feedback shift register (LFSR) has been widely used to generate stochastic bit streams. Although using LFSR's offers feasibility because of their compatibility with CMOS technology, lack of randomness and related area consumption which is linearly proportional to the number of bits in a stream satisfying a certain probability value, can easily go beyond practical limits. Until now, no distinguished and practical way has been found to compete with LFSR to generate stochastic bit streams. True random number generators (TRNG) are widely used to compensate the poor randomness of LFSR but their complex design which is increased by the sake of acquiring random source, and their uncontrollability to generate random bit stream with desired probability, which is necessary for stochastic applications, make them out of action. Here we propose a novel programmable sampling based stochastic number generator (SBRNG) using CMOS technology. We achieve 100x higher speed, and 640x effective length of stochastic bit streams compared to LFSR based generators. We also claim that the circuit area complexity in terms of the number of effective bits is much better for SBRNG compared to LFSR based generators.
|
<urn:uuid:19bfdf2c-18d0-47b6-83db-d65c655d7b2a>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://avesis.itu.edu.tr/yayin/138be8ae-f91d-4e68-becd-e52c6a33d04b/sampling-based-random-number-generator-for-stochastic-computing
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00264.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.945853
| 243
| 1.679688
| 2
|
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