text stringlengths 181 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 3 values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 50 138k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
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Hotel Maria was build in 1970, when the owners, who were immigrants in Germany, decided to built a house to spend their holydays in their homeland.
However, there was misconduct between the owners and the builder and the house seemed different than planned. It looked more like a guesthouse, something that proved to be useful as there were no hotels or houses for the tourists to stay, οnly the wild beauty of the island.
It became known as "Marias' Guesthouse" and later, in 1977, it was renamed as "Hotel Maria".
Hotel MARIA is a small family hotel situated in Skala Potamias, on the eastern coast of the island of Thassos. Our philosophy is to provide all our guests with the amenities they need in a hospitable and cosy environment.
It is located in a very peaceful spot, only a few metres from one of the island’s most beautiful beaches, the famous Golden Beach (Chrysi Akti). There are also shops, tavernas and cafés a short distance. | <urn:uuid:8bd5adf0-366f-4f8e-9c50-dcfd3a1b519a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mariathasos.gr/about.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.989684 | 234 | 1.554688 | 2 |
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Oprah Winfrey is one of the most powerful media tycoons in history, but even holds a frivolous fear that she rarely discusses.
In the October issue of her O Magazine, Winfrey confesses a fear of an object that is typically associated with happy occasions.
"A lot of people don't know this, but I really don't like balloons," Oprah confesses with a terrified vocal inflection. "...For my 40th birthday, my entire staff decided to surprise me, and I come downstairs and the entire audience is filled with balloons.
"Literally, I'm stepping over balloons, having to walk through balloons and I'm...like, 'Oh! When is one going to pop?!?' It was an anxiety-filled day."
Nearly two decades after her balloon-infested birthday, Oprah says she associates her fear of balloons with gunfire because of the startling sounds the decorative bags make when they pop.
"Perhaps somewhere in my life or a past childhood I must have had something to do with gunfire 'cause it just really freaks me out being around balloons," the Mississippi native says.
Although Oprah candidly admits her fear, it doesn't come without the positive twist that she has become famous for perpetuating. She maintains that overcoming the dread supplied her with a widely applicable lesson.
"I walk downstairs, it's a surprise and there are balloons everywhere and everybody is so excited and all I can think is 'This is a room full of balloons!' No way around it, just had to walk through them," Oprah says, painting a positive message on the experience. "That became a metaphor for facing all of my fears: 'No way around it, just walk right through it.'"
Oprah said that she's drawn on the wisdom she'd gained from that experience to help her overcome fear, including the anxiety she faced approaching her commencement speech at Harvard this past June (watch here). | <urn:uuid:fbde44da-f6c5-4780-a9c9-f562ab9e20fd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.etonline.com/news/138272_Oprah_Winfrey_Reveals_Her_Fear_of_Balloons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981383 | 389 | 1.8125 | 2 |
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Explore more of Golder's services and capabilities in your area and around the globe. | <urn:uuid:b627d844-65f5-49b4-b9b0-3d16910ef750> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.golder.com/de/en/modules.php?name=Services&sp_id=452 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00158-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899814 | 522 | 1.875 | 2 |
A FREE English Dictionary Database from Spellcheck.co.uk.
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(v. t.) To furnish or uphold with a scaffold. ...
(n.) A scaffold. ...
(n.) A scaffold; a supporting framework; as, the scaffolding ...
(n.) Materials for building scaffolds. ...
(n.) A reddish variety of limestone. ...
(n.) An imitation of any veined and ornamental stone, ...
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Browsing page 166 of 2148 | <urn:uuid:34f750c8-a2b8-4475-a96b-390205f1a5f9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.spellcheck.co.uk/dictionary/display.php?action=search&by=S&nr_page=166 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00069-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.693187 | 196 | 1.671875 | 2 |
|'Abd Allah b. Saba' wa asatir ukhra (book)|
|Author||Sayyid Murtada 'Askari|
|Original title||عَبْدالله بن سَبَأ وَ أساطیر أُخْری|
|Publisher||Kuliyya Usul al-Din (Usul al-Din University)|
|En. title||Abdullah Ibn Saba' and Other Myths|
|Translator||M. J. Muqaddas|
|En. publisher||World Organization for Islamic Services (WOFIS)|
|En. full text||al-islam.org|
ʿAbd Allāh b. Sabaʾ wa asāṭīr ukhrā (Arabic: عَبْدالله بن سَبَأ وَ أساطیر أُخْری, literally: 'Abd Allah b. Saba' and other myths) is an Arabic book in two volumes written by Sayyid Murtada 'Askari. The book is a historical biographical research concerning hadiths transmitted by a person called Sayf b. 'Umar. According to the author, Sayf has fabricated many myths, including the myth of 'Abd Allah b. Saba'.
Some opponents of Shiism believe that Shiism was invented by a person called "'Abd Allah b. Saba'". The book tries to reject this claim. The author has appealed to early historical sources (before 500/1106) and compared Sayf's hadiths with other hadiths to show that his hadiths are fabricated. The title of the book was originally supposed to be "Ahadith Sayf" (Sayf's hadiths), but at the suggestion of Shaykh Radi Al Yasin (the author of Sulh al-Hasan), the title was changed to 'Abd Allah b. Saba' wa asatir ukhra. The book was translated into Persian under 'Abd Allah b. Saba' wa digar afsani-hayi tarikhi ('Abd Allah b. Saba' and other historical myths).
- Main article: 'Allama 'Askari
Sayyid Murtada Sharif 'Askari, known as 'Allama 'Askari (1332-1428/1914-2007) was a biographer of the Prophet (s) and the Imams (a), an expert in the history of Islam, and an Iranian Shiite scholar in the Islamic Seminary of Samarra. 'Askari tried to do scholarly research on the history of Islam. His important works include Khamasun wa mi'a sahabi mukhtalaq and al-Tawassul bi l-nabi (s) wa l-tabarruk bi atharih. He was a member of the higher council of Ahl al-Bayt (a) World Assembly and a politically active clergy against the Ba'ath regime in Iraq. He was a member of the main body of Hizb al-Da'wat al-Islamiyya for a long time.
Motivation for Writing
When he encountered some hadiths in well-known and old historical sources, the author found evidence that those hadiths were fabricated. He decided to collect those hadiths and compare them with other hadiths. As a result, he learned about a truth which used to be ignored throughout the Islamic history. At first, he feared to publish the book, because it revealed the unreliability of many sources of the Islamic history, and thus, he asked people who believe in the standard history the way some old women believe in superstitions not to read the book, because the unreliability of historical sources is not limited to the story of 'Abd Allah b. Saba'.
Contents of the First Volume
The Myth of 'Abd Allah b. Saba'
The first volume of the book begins with the story of 'Abd Allah b. Saba'. Here is the story according to the author: a Jewish person from Sana'a in Yemen converted to Islam during the Caliphate of 'Uthman b. 'Affan. He traveled to important Islamic cities and told people that Muhammad (s) would return after his demise and 'Ali (a) was his successor whose position has been unjustly occupied by 'Uthman. Thus, it was obligatory to fight 'Uthman in order to give the position back to the right person. He sent representatives to Islamic territories and was followed by some people, including some prominent people such as Abu Dhar, 'Ammar b. Yasir, and Malik al-Ashtar. And the murder of 'Uthman was encouraged by the followers of Ibn Saba' (known as "Saba'iyyun").
Origin of the Myth
The author tried to track the origins of the myth of 'Abd Allah b. Saba' by consulting early and later sources and hadiths. He came to the conclusion that the story was transmitted only through four sources: Tarikh al-umam wa l-muluk (al-Tabari, 310/922-3), Tarikh Madina Dimashq (Ibn 'Asakir, 571/1175-6), al-Tamhid wa l-bayan fi maqtal al-shahid 'Uthman b. 'Affan (Ibn Abi Bakr, 741/1340-1), Tarikh al-Islam (al-Dhahabi, 748/1347-8). All these sources have transmitted the story from a person called "Sayf b. 'Umar".
Sayf b. 'Umar
The author went on to introduce Sayf b. 'Umar (al-Tamimi al-Usayyidi, originally from Kufa, who died between 170/786 and 193/808) and investigated the value of hadiths he transmitted in accordance with prominent scholars of history and rijal from Yahya b. Mu'in (233/847) to Ibn Hajar (852/1448). They all have characterized Sayf as unreliable and liar and maintained that his transmitted hadiths should be ignored. According to these scholars, Sayf was accused of being a Zindiq.
Examination of Sayf b. 'Umar's Hadiths
The author went on to examine Sayf's hadiths through their main sources, particularly Tarikh al-Tabari. He compared these hadiths with the ones transmitted by reliable people to show, firstly, how influential Sayf is in the sources of the Islamic history; secondly, how valuable his hadiths are, and thirdly, how neutral or impartial Sayf is with respect to historical events.
At the end of the first volume, the author concludes that the reason why Sayf's fabricated hadiths, rather than reliable hadiths, have been received by Muslims was that his hadiths matched what the majority of Muslims "wished" to have happened, not what really happened.
Contents of the Second Volume
Sayf's Motivation for Hadith Forgery
In his introduction to the second volume of the book, the author said that he initially thought that Sayf's motivation for hadith forgery was merely to defend prominent Sahaba and humiliate their opponents, but he finally came to the conclusion that he had two motivations:
- Tribal bias in order to praise 'Adnanites and humiliate Qahtanites.
- Sayf did not believe in Islam, and thus, he tried to distort the truths of the Islamic history and introduce myths into Islamic beliefs.
Other Myths Fabricated by Sayf
The author went on to investigate other myths fabricated by Sayf, such as the spread of Islam by the force of sword and blood, irtidad (apostasy) of people in Oman and Yemen, some fictional conquests, distortions of people's names, and the like comparing them with other hadiths. In the second half of the second volume, the author returns to the story of 'Abd Allah b. Saba', investigating his character in books of hadith and al-milal wa al-nihal (creeds and sects).
Saba'iyya and Ibn Saba'
The author said about the truth of Saba'iyya and Ibn Saba' that Saba'iyya implies an attribution to Yemeni tribes from the progeny of Saba' b. Yashjub b. Ya'rub b. Qahtan. Thus, "Saba'iyya" is equivalent to the Qahtanite. Many transmitters of hadiths in Sunni Sihah have been known as "Saba'i" until the middle of the 3rd/9th century. The title was then offensively used to refer to some companions of Imam 'Ali (a) and the followers of Mukhtar who were from Saba'i tribes. It eventually came to be used to refer to all the Shi'a of Imam 'Ali (a). After that, the myth of 'Abd Allah b. Saba' was fabricated by Sayf b. 'Umar and it was then cited by al-Tabari and other historians through him. The word, "Saba'i", was then used to refer to a religious sect and the implication of attribution to Saba'i tribes was totally forgotten. The author believes that 'Abd Allah b. Saba' was the same person as 'Abd Allah b. Wahab al-Saba'i who was a head of Khawarij in Nahrawan.
Publications and Translations
The book was originally published in Arabic in two volumes in 1375/1955-6 in Najaf. It was later published with addenda in Cairo in 1381/1961, and then in Beirut in 1388/1968-9. But none of the three publications was supervised by the author and they thus contained some mistakes. The book was published for the fourth time in Beirut in 1393/1973-4 with the author's corrections and addenda.
The book has been translated into English, Persian, Urdu, and Turkish. The book was translated into Persian in 1964-5 by Ahmad Fihri Zanjani, Muhammad Sadiq Najafi, and Hashim Harisi, which was published by Majma'-i 'Ilmi-yi Islami (Islamic Scholarly Assembly) Publications as well as Usul al-Din University. The book was translated into English by M. J. Muqaddas and published by World Organization for Islamic Services (WOFIS) in 1978.
Feedback of the Book
Soon after its publication, the book, 'Abd Allah b. Saba' , found its supporters and opponents. In his preface to the third edition of the book, the author pointed to some objections and replied to them. Some professors of Saudi universities wrote comments on the book and published them in Saudi newspapers. The comments as well as 'Allama 'Askari's replies to them have been collected and published in Ara' wa asda' hawl 'Abd Allah b. Saba' wa riwayat Sayf fi l-suhuf al-Sa'udiyya (comments concerning 'Abd Allah b. Saba' and Sayf's hadiths in Saudi newspapers).
- The material for this article is mainly taken from عبدالله بن سبأ و اساطیر اخری (کتاب) in Farsi Wikishia. | <urn:uuid:c3f9fb94-fba3-4083-9be8-4aac2c0f7dcd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.wikishia.net/view/%27Abd_Allah_b._Saba%27_wa_asatir_ukhra_(book) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.958602 | 2,500 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Campus safety refers to the policies and systems that higher learning institutions implement to keep their students, staff, and visitors safe.
Over the last thirty years, providing a safe campus has become a top priority for colleges and universities. This is partly due to the number of students now enrolled in college, the increasing awareness of criminal activities occurring on campuses, and several federal laws that have since been enacted to prevent further harm to students.
A single incident that causes severe harm can have a ripple effect that not only impacts an institution’s students, but also its staff, visitors, victims’ families, and its future reputation. Oftentimes, serious events that take place on a campus can have long lasting consequences because they tend to leave both physical and emotional scars on the affected community.
Thus, to prevent such widespread injuries, both the law and postsecondary institutions are working to address such issues by requiring colleges and universities to:
- Create and disclose safety and security policies;
- Publish annual crime statistics and keep a crime log;
- Provide a system that alerts students and employees about an immediate or ongoing safety concern or threat; and
- Implement, educate, and disclose programs for certain crimes, such as domestic violence and sexual assault.
Who Is Liable for Campus Crimes?
There are several types of crimes that frequently occur on college campuses. Some of these crimes include:
- Sexual abuse or assault;
- Drug crimes;
- Hazing crimes; and
- Crimes involving alcohol (e.g., underage drinking).
Whether an institution can be held liable will depend on a variety of factors, which will be discussed in further detail below. However, there are a number of other parties besides the institution who can be held responsible as well, including:
- The students;
- Trespassers; and/or
- School personnel (e.g., professors, campus security, janitors, etc.).
Can I Sue a Private University or College?
In the eyes of the law, private universities and colleges are viewed as private businesses. Thus, in most cases, a plaintiff may file a campus safety lawsuit against a private university or college.
The one exception to this general rule of thumb is if the private institution is immune from legal liability because it is considered a charitable institution. Depending on the laws regarding charitable institutions in the jurisdiction where the institution is located, the institution may either be immune, partially immune, or not immune at all from lawsuits.
As such, if the private institution is also labeled a charitable institution and the laws in that jurisdiction give charitable institutions full immunity privileges, then it probably will not be possible to file a lawsuit against them. In contrast, if the private institution is not labeled a charitable institution or the laws in the jurisdiction do not provide immunity, then a victim may take legal action against them.
Can I Sue a Public University or College for My Injuries?
Public universities and colleges are a bit harder to sue than private universities. Rather than being viewed as a private entity, public institutions are typically considered a form of government entity instead. An individual may be able to sue a public or semi-public institution, so as long as it is permitted in the jurisdiction where the school is located.
On the other hand, an individual will not be allowed to sue a public institution if the state legislature where it is located forbids lawsuits against semi-public or public institutions because it labels them a government entity.
What Must I Show to Prove That the College or University Is Liable?
If an individual intends to sue a college or university for their injuries, they must first be able to prove that the school was negligent in failing to keep its campus and students safe. One way to show this is by bringing a claim for premises liability.
For instance, if an institution knows that its campus is not safe and repairs as well as security cameras need to be installed, then a student who gets injured on campus due to the institution’s failure to fix these issues will be able to sue for resulting injuries.
In situations where another student causes the injuries and the campus to become unsafe, whether an individual can sue an institution is not so clear. The answer depends on if the administration or school personnel were negligent in preventing such injuries.
Some factors that may determine whether the school was negligent and thus may be held accountable include whether it could foresee that the student may be a threat to others, how much control the school had over its students during the time and in the location of where the incident took place, and whether the school was aware that it needed more safety measures (e.g., campus security).
Evidence that may support a claim that a college or university should be held liable for injuries include:
- Demonstrating that the institution was aware of the threat to safety or problem by using witnesses, prior incidents, and correspondence (e.g., if students consistently receive campus safety alerts).
- Submitting pictures or videos that show unsafe campus conditions, such as rusty sports equipment, broken fences, and lack of lighting along pathways at night.
- Proving the ease of implementing safety features (e.g., cameras, campus security officers, etc.) by pointing to costs of equipment and personnel, or requesting copies of the school budget.
- Reviewing the contract between the institution and its students, and highlighting the provisions where the institution may have breached its duty to keep students safe.
What Is Negligence? How Does it Relate to Campus Safety Issues?
As a legal concept, the term “negligence” is defined as a failure to act with the level of care that a person of ordinary prudence would have used in the same situation. Negligence is one of the primary legal theories applied in personal injury cases because it allows injured parties to recover damages for the careless actions of another. A plaintiff suing for negligence must prove four elements: duty, breach of duty, causation, and damages.
In order to understand how negligence applies to campus safety issues, consider the following example:
- A college or university owed a plaintiff a duty to keep the campus safe;
- They breached this duty by not keeping the campus safe;
- By breaching this duty, their actions became the actual and proximate cause of the plaintiff’s injuries;
- The defendant’s negligent behavior caused the plaintiff to sustain an injury that resulted in actual damages (e.g., hospital bills, medical expenses, emotional distress, etc.).
All colleges and universities owe some level of care to individuals on their campuses. The exact level of care is unclear due to differences in state laws and underdeveloped case law.
For instance, on one hand colleges and universities are businesses and landlords. They provide housing for students and accept payments in exchange for a degree. On the other hand, they are also educational institutions.
Thus, while they may not have as high of a standard of duty as schools that teach students from pre-k to 12th grade, the degree of care they must exercise is still more than what would be necessary for a standard business or landlord.
As the number of college campus incidents has increased over the years, the recent trend in U.S. courts is to rule that colleges and universities do owe a higher legal duty of care to their students. However, this notion is restricted to situations that the institution has some control over and those incidents that are foreseeable.
So, while it is clear that a student who slips and falls in their institution’s poorly maintained cafeteria will be able to sue that institution, it is not as straightforward when a random act of violence occurs on a college campus.
What Damages are Available in a Campus Safety Lawsuit?
Depending on if the case is successful, a student may be able to recover a number of different remedies or types of legal damages, including:
- Compensatory damages: Both economic and non-economic compensatory damages may be available to the plaintiff. This includes reimbursements for medical expenses, hospital bills, loss of income (if employed), loss of future income, wrongful death, pain and suffering, and emotional distress.
- Punitive damages: Punitive damages may be difficult to obtain since they are only awarded in extreme cases. However, if an institution knows or should know their campus is not safe, has repeatedly been sued or has had multiple incidents occur, and continues to do nothing to make their students safer, then a court may potentially issue a punitive damages award.
- Other remedies: Being ordered to implement new systems and policies to make a campus safer, changing safety policies, creating a safety education program, requiring students and employees to take safety courses, and/or taking action against perpetrators (e.g., school expels perpetrator).
Do I Need to Hire a Lawyer for a Campus Safety Lawsuit?
As discussed above, campus safety lawsuits are a developing and complex area of law. Courts and lawmakers are still debating whether colleges and universities should be held to a higher standard of care, and tort laws vary widely across state lines. Therefore, if you are involved in a campus safety lawsuit, you should strongly consider hiring a local personal injury lawyer for further legal guidance.
An experienced personal injury lawyer will be familiar with the laws in your state and any changes in the law. Your lawyer can also explain your rights as a litigant, determine whether a claim against your institution will be viable, and can discuss your options for recourse.
Additionally, if your claim is strong enough to sue your institution, your lawyer can help you prepare and file your case, argue on your behalf in court, and negotiate for an appropriate amount of funds should your institution decide to settle the matter outside of court. | <urn:uuid:de4bc53f-32ef-4ae0-8a1a-1921a7975755> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/campus-safety-lawsuits.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.961315 | 2,002 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Mysterious city of ancient alleyways Beijing, China
As Beijing prepares for the 2008 Olympics, most of the hutong - the city's small traditional dwellings and the network of lanes and alleys formed by them - are being demolished to make room for skyscrapers. This program explores social and cultural changes in historical Beijing, as seen in the life of a few ordinary citizens who still live in the hutong. The program includes computer models of the designing of ancient Beijing City.; English and some Chinese with English narration, voice-over's and/or subtitles. "Mysterious cities of Asia"--Screen series title.
Nihon Hōsō Kyōkai; Films for the Humanities & Sciences (Firm)
Asian Culture; Chinese Culture; Architecture, Landscape, Historic Places; Asian Studies; China; Economics, Business, Commerce, Labor; Streets China Beijing; Alleys China Beijing; Beijing (China)
North America; United States; New Jersey
- Rights Statement
- In Copyright
Access is restricted to patrons at the University of Maryland.
- Physical Description
53 minutes; color
Access condition: campus-only.
Narrators, Angus Waycott, Elizabeth Handover. Camera, Shuichi Hashimoto ; music, Isao Tomita.
- Other Identifiers
Filename: lms-089793; Fedora 2 PID: umd:10785; Handle Identifier: hdl:1903.1/3260; OCLC: ocm56113811; Catalog Key: alephsys003134690; Catalog Key: FFH 32971
This item is accessible by: collection staff, users in specific IP Ranges. | <urn:uuid:11780829-9c1e-4008-9cb9-046913d4b208> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://av.lib.umd.edu/media_objects/3f462615f | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.784559 | 397 | 2.5 | 2 |
As President Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev focus on economic issues during their seventh meeting today, debate over the new nuclear arms treaty that is the cornerstone of improved U.S.-Russian relations will continue across town in the Senate.
That the Foreign Relations Committee will be holding two hearings on the pact to reduce each country's nuclear arsenal while the presidents talk about innovation at the White House and meet with business leaders at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce shows just how much the relationship between Russia and the United States has changed over the past year or so, White House aides say.
"This visit takes place at a new phase in U.S.-Russia relations," says National Security Council spokesman Ben Rhodes. "It comes after a period when we've made very substantial progress in resetting the U.S.-Russia relationship and making concrete progress on a number of very important and substantive issues."
The new Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, known as START, was signed by the presidents in April and now needs to win 67 votes in the Senate for ratification. Other signs of the improved relations cited by the White House: securing Russian support for United Nations sanctions against North Korea and Iran, gaining approval from Russia to allow troops and supplies to cross its borders on the way to Afghanistan, and Russia's participation in Obama's 50-nation Nuclear Security Summit in April.
On Thursday, the leaders will broaden their agenda to include economic issues.
Medvedev got a head start Wednesday, stopping in California's Silicon Valley on his way east. During a visit with Twitter co-founders Evan Williams and Biz Stone, he set up his own Twitter account, KremlinRussia, and sent out his first tweet in Russian: "Hello everyone. I am now in Twitter and this is my first message," he wrote.
At the White House, the presidents will discuss a host of non-security issues ranging from "sports to health to civil society," said Mike McFaul, Obama's director of Russia and Central Asian Affairs.
Meanwhile, the most substantive agreement reached by the two presidents to date remains before the Senate, and some Republicans are balking.
So far, Foreign Relations Committee Chairman John Kerry, D-Mass., has held eight hearings on the treaty to cut each country's nuclear stockpile by about a third, and he plans as many as 13 before the full committee votes late this month. The Armed Services Committee also is holding hearings.
Jim Manley, spokesman for Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada, says a vote in the full Senate is expected by the end of the year.
A host of former top government officials, including GOP secretaries of State James Baker and Henry Kissinger, have testified in support of the treaty.
Sen. James Inhofe, R-Okla., however, says the treaty could jeopardize the nation's security by limiting both the impact of deterrence and the United States' right to build missile defense systems. "To put it bluntly, this treaty will have profound negative implications for U.S. national security," he says.
James Schlesinger, who served as Defense secretary under presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford, disagrees. "It is obligatory for the United States to ratify," he told Kerry's committee. There is "nothing in the treaty that is problematic" with respect to missile defense.
With so many Republican cold warriors behind it, "the argument has changed," says David Cohen, an arms-control activist and founder of Civic Ventures. Now, "it's are you a sane, prudent responsible person? Or are you going to be on the fringe?"
The White House views the treaty as a crucial step toward Obama's goal of stopping the global spread of nuclear weapons and an example that should be set by the two countries that hold 90 percent of the world's stockpile. The treaty demonstrates a commitment to non-proliferation, Rhodes says.
If the Senate doesn't vote before the November elections and Obama's Democratic party loses control of the Senate, passage could get trickier. But most experts say the treaty likely will get through with 80 or more votes.
"The American people want to see Congress accomplish something, and START is a made-to-order agreement," says Andy Johnson, head of the national security programs at the politically moderate think tank Third Way. "If the Republicans delay the process, they open themselves up to the charge of putting politics over national security."
The Russian Parliament also is likely to vote on ratification this year.
Contributing: The Associated Press | <urn:uuid:3ad99027-aa08-474c-8186-824462e85885> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/war-senate-brewing-us-russia-nuclear-treaty-russian/story?id=11001413 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00228-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965082 | 917 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Project DescriptionFROM MVRDV:
Tainan’s natural lagoons and water network served as the city’s base for its marine and fishing industry up until the early 20th century. Land reclamation and a new urban plan devised under Japanese governance saw the city expand rapidly; construction of the New Tainan Canal and Tainan Ship Moorage moved the shipping and fishing industry further inland which saw a lively neighbourhood of auction and trade markets flourish around it. China-Town Mall was built next to the canal in 1983. A large commercial structure of little architectural quality, it disconnected the city from its waterfront and soon fell into decline, becoming like the rotten tooth of downtown Tainan.
The transformation of China-Town Mall and its perpendicular axis Haian Road, which together form the T-axis, aims to re-establish the waterfront connection and provide an important stimulus to the redevelopment of the neighbourhood by encouraging the use of public spaces and creating a cohesive urban language. Once dismantled, the exposed structure of China-Town Mall will form the base for the new public square, a lush, green lagoon with dunes and playgrounds flanked by small commercial units such as kiosks selling souvenirs, a tourism info point, a teahouse and a gallery.
New transport nodes further east of the city center will allow Haian Road to be relieved from its current flow of traffic offering the opportunity to develop the area as a lively public zone with improved spaces and activities. A reconfigured routing system aims to reduce the traffic speed, and a complete closure at nighttime allows for pedestrians and small businesses to spill out onto the road, turning it into a lively hub for both locals and tourists. The current amalgamation of different pavements will be unified according to various functions to improve wayfinding. This approach is further applied to the scattered objects along the road: ventilation shafts, elevators and entrances to the underground parking garage will be wrapped in a glass skin, and extended to create new pavilions, kiosks and viewing towers. An array of ‘lanterns’ of various sizes will appear, activating the public space and creating a cohesive urban language. Additionally, local trees and shrubs will be planted all along Haian Road, creating a green corridor through to the new lagoon and the reconnected waterfront. | <urn:uuid:4f3145c0-0cf8-4123-bd6e-f7efee7f72c7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.architectmagazine.com/project-gallery/tainan-axis_o | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00147-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936356 | 475 | 1.929688 | 2 |
The routing policy database (RPDB) controls the order in which the kernel searches through the routing tables. Each rule has a priority, and rules are examined sequentially from rule 0 through rule 32767.
When a new packet arrives for routing (assuming the routing cache is empty), the kernel begins at the highest priority rule in the RPDB--rule 0. The kernel iterates over each rule in turn until the packet to be routed matches a rule. When this happens the kernel follows the instructions in that rule. Typically, this causes the kernel to perform a route lookup in a specified routing table. If a matching route is found in the routing table, the kernel uses that route. If no such route is found, the kernel returns to traverse the RPDB again, until every option has been exhausted.
The priority-based rule system provides a flexible way to define routes while taking advantage of the traditional routing table concept. For a complete picture of the entire route selection process including the RPDB, see the section on routing selection.
There are a number of different rule types available for use in the routing policy database. These rule types have a striking similarity to the route types available for route entries.
A unicast rule entry is the most common rule type. This rule type simple causes the kernel to refer to the specified routing table in the search for a route. If no rule type is specified on the command line, the rule is assumed to be a unicast rule.
Example 4.16. unicast rule type
The nat rule type is required for correct operation of stateless NAT. This rule is typically coupled with a corresponding nat route entry. The RPDB nat entry causes the kernel to rewrite the source address of an outbound packet. See Section 5.3, “Stateless NAT with iproute2” for a fuller discussion of network address translation in general.
Example 4.17. nat rule type
Any route lookup matching a rule entry with an unreachable rule type will cause the kernel to generate an ICMP unreachable to the source address of the packet.
Example 4.18. unreachable rule type
Any route lookup matching a rule entry with a prohibit rule type will cause the kernel to generate an ICMP prohibited to the source address of the packet.
Example 4.19. prohibit rule type
While traversing the RPDB, any route lookup which matches a rule with the blackhole rule type will cause the packet to be dropped. No ICMP will be sent and no packet will be forwarded.
Example 4.20. blackhole rule type
The routing policy database provides the core of functionality around which the policy routing and advanced routing features can be built. | <urn:uuid:ca39886c-87a9-4e59-b325-ceb3c9321f71> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://linux-ip.net/linux-ip/routing-rpdb.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902436 | 555 | 2.765625 | 3 |
We have had a beautiful fall this year. It’s been a real treat with all our outdoor activities we love so much.
Below we are enjoying our snack and a story outside.
Thanks Mr. Albright and Mrs. Leutheuser for helping us ride.
The students were busy in October preparing their art for Halloween.
“Torn Paper” Art is such a great fine motor activity.
Each class voted how they wanted their Jack-o-lantern carved. The students were very proud of them 🙂
We did a candy corn experiment. First we asked the students what they thought would happen if we froze it, put it in water and lastly, in the microwave. Below are the guesses and a picture of the dissolved candy corn. Ask your child what happened and what they saw inside the glass.
The students enjoyed the pumpkin roll. The pumpkin was from our garden planted during summer camp.
Before the Halloween Program students did the “Spider on the Floor” song/ activity.
The barn looked nice with all the artwork students made.
The students put on a great show for their parents!
We love going on scavenger hunts at Farm School!
So many wonderful friendships are made at school 🙂
The students are practicing numbers with the hibernating bear activity.
Mrs. Cooke from Pins and Needles brought Mario and a few adorable baby hedgehogs to show the students during our “Friends in the Forest” week. Thank you, Mrs. Cooke!
Check out this adorable hedgehog one of our students made when we were working on scissor skills.
Students took turns doing a pattern on letter G.
Thanks for checking out our Canterbury Creek Farm School blog. | <urn:uuid:cd97ce39-96a8-4b5c-bc5e-e78097638e53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://adafarmschool.com/fall-farm-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.973359 | 359 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Voltaire's 1759 novella Candide is a particularly biting philosophical satire of the optimism of Gottfried Leibniz, which posits that we live in the best of all possible worlds. Voltaire, the artist formerly known as Francois-Marie Arouet, has his titular hero Candide cling to this belief as he and his loved ones are repeatedly raped, slaughtered, tortured, defrauded, pimped, betrayed, and degraded in every possible manner throughout Europe and a good chunk of South America. The narrative is pretty much one damn thing after another as Candide, his true love Cunégonde, and teacher Pangloss endure all manner of travails on their travels.
The Leonard Bernstein operetta Candide's history has been similarly circuitous, ever since its first incarnation as a 1956 Broadway flop with a book by Lillian Hellman (whose text was scrapped entirely in all subsequent versions) and lyrics by Richard Wilbur with help from John LaTouche and Dorothy Parker.
There was director Harold Prince's one-act 1973 revamp with a new book by Hugh Wheeler and lyrical touchups from Stephen Sondheim, which was expanded to a full-length version in 1982. There was the 1989 Scottish Opera version that Bernstein himself revamped to restore the score and story to its full girth and glory, then a wacky 1997 Broadway revival for which Sondheim beefed up the part of the Old Lady for star Andrea Martin. For the musical's semicentennial anniversary in 2006, Paris' Théâtre du Châtelet unveiled a postmodern adaptation that takes place in a '50s-style TV set.
For its bare-bones production on the dance-studio floor of Alameda's Rhythmix Cultural Works, Virago Theatre Company decided to go with the 1998 Royal National Theatre version, rewritten by John Caird to hew much closer to Voltaire's original story than previous versions. It's an exhaustively full-length version that involves more running around from place to place (and, for that matter, more violence, if mostly in summary) than the Bourne trilogy. It includes some tunes that are often omitted (not entirely unjustly) such as Pangloss' ode to syphilis "Dear Boy," the pessimist Martin's laughing song "Words, Words, Words," and Cunégonde and the Old Lady's catalog of charms "We Are Women."
It's a testament to the power of the music that even in this three-hour version some numbers are profoundly missed, such as the clever trio "Quiet." Whatever the problems with the book, Bernstein got it right the first time.
It's a tremendously ambitious work for a small, fledgling theater company to take on, particularly one that's only done a musical once before — Virago made its debut with Threepenny Opera two years ago. With that in mind, it's not surprising that the set is virtually nonexistent and Loreen Eggett's many costumes are rudimentary, and sometimes the acting is as well. What's impressive is how well Virago does justice to Bernstein's magnificent and complex score.
The six-piece band was sometimes off on opening night, particularly during the overture, but with very few exceptions the vocal talent was strong throughout. The part of Cunégonde is tremendously demanding, especially the insane soprano flourishes in her aria "Glitter and Be Gay," and Eileen Meredith navigates the part deftly, although the coquetry of her character is somewhat glossed over. The same excess of earnestness that seemed out of place in Lamplighters' Ruddygore makes John Brown an absolutely perfect Candide, from his lovely tenor voice to his puppy-dog demeanor.
Dale Murphy tells the tale clearly enough as narrator Voltaire (except the few times he blanked on his lines opening night), but it's fortunate that the writing's so droll because his mild performance doesn't bring much to the table. As the delusionally optimistic philosopher Pangloss he simply puts on glasses and uses a stilted diction that consists of putting an English accent on an occasional syllable.
Lisa Pan is similarly stiff as the Old Lady, even taking into account that she's only supposed to have one buttock. Her litany of the horrors she's endured drags on to make an unusually long lull between songs much longer than it needs to be, but she livens up nicely for her big musical numbers. Michelle Pava Mills is delightful as the hazardously luscious maid Paquette, but her speech about degradation has the same problem. They tend to slow down just when the avalanche of calamities they're describing needs speeding up to hammer it home.
There are a number of awkward moments in artistic director Laura Lundy-Paine's production when the ensemble stands around reacting to the principals, but there also are moments when the staging is tremendously effective, as in a haunting "Auto-da-fe" Inquisition sequence. Even when some parts seem held together by chewing gum, by and large Virago manages to pull it off. For a flawed masterpiece that's not performed nearly often enough to begin with, that in itself feels like a gift.
What the Fork - January 19, 10:29 AM
Culture Spy - January 18, 10:25 AM
What the Fork - January 17, 1:52 PM
Culture Spy - January 11, 9:55 AM
What the Fork - January 3, 2:06 PM | <urn:uuid:bc8d1aec-8617-406f-81fe-97a6a8e2301a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/cabaret-voltaire/Content?oid=1088692&gpt=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00574-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96779 | 1,141 | 2.1875 | 2 |
It is good to know DoE
Planning experiments – DoE is the right place to use statistics. We can save considerable costs, when we know the influence of particular factors on a process. Our colloquium will show you how it could be done.
With continuous improvement of processes we want to have a competitive advantage. However, we must not forget the robustness of products and processes so that the quality or reliability of the product is not threatened. Design of Experiment is an effective tool that helps us reduce the number of necessary experiments, and improve the time required for product development.
- Do you know which factors influence your process or product?
- Can you distinguish the influence of individual factors?
- Do you know how to get the most information with minimal measurements and experiments?
- Can you choose and design an experiment correctly?
- Do you know that less is sometimes more?
At this course, you will learn how to make the DoE and the necessary principles of statistical experiments. You will be able to recognize tasks suitable for statistical planning, make plans and interpret results. You will be able to make your product development more effective, using only the necessary resources for testing changes.
Who can benefit from the colloquium
- Quality engineers, quality planners in development
- Production engineers, process engineers in development
- Quality specialists
Requirements for participants
- Basics of statistics, process capability, hypothesis testing | <urn:uuid:dc489e9e-8a96-419d-825f-2b808bf32224> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.diribet.com/training-courses/doe-statisticke-planovani-experimentu/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.923098 | 289 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Are you one of those drivers who took your driving test twice? Perhaps you took it three times and then passed.
You probably received grief from friends and family – but spare a thought for one woman who has failed her test not twice, or three times in a row... but 105 times!
Thought to be the most incapable learner driver to date beating the previous record of 84, the revelation has come courtesy of new statistics released by the Driving Standards Agency.
Thanks to spending £31 - the cost of the theory test – a total of 105 times, the woman from Essex has spent more than £3,000 so far – enough to buy herself a decent set of used wheels for her first car.
Speaking to the Daily Telegraph, the AA's head of road safety, Andrew Howard, said: "It is absolutely unbelievable, it must have cost her a fortune.
"There are people who are not very good tests, people who are nervous and some just don't prepare adequately.
"Cases like this raise the question that there are some people who just can't pass a theory test."
Robert Gifford, executive director of the Parliamentary Advisory Council for Transport Safety, added: "It's hard to comprehend how someone could take the theory test this many times and fail.
"At the same time, HM Treasury must be pleased by her persistence since it represents a good income for the Government," he added.
However, all is not lost for the learner driver. A Driving Standards Agency spokesperson told the Daily Telegraph: "She can still get revision books or even, if she prefers an app for her mobile phone." | <urn:uuid:36d3603b-d5f5-4c3d-8f4f-953cb1d55f0b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://cars.aol.co.uk/2012/11/07/woman-fails-driving-test-105-times/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720737.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00220-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976831 | 334 | 1.585938 | 2 |
The Project Settings
The Project Settings window allows you to set up every aspect of a Cacidi project including Data Source, file and folder paths.
Select a Base Setting
All projects currently set up is listed in this popup menu. Choosing a project from this list allows you to edit the project settings.
Create a New Project
To create a new Project choose New from the Projects menu and enter a name for the project. After clicking OK, the project will be saved and appear in the popup menu and you can edit every aspect of the project using the Project Settings window.
Delete a Project
To delete a Project, first choose the project from the Projects menu and then choose Delete from the same menu.
To set up a project's Data Source, choose the appropriate type of data from the Popup menu next to the Project menu. Depending of your choice of data, you will now be given a couple of choices to further the Data Source setup.
File Data Source
To select the Data Source for the project, click the button to the right of the File Name: path field and browse for the data file. The file can either a CVS document, a XML document or a delimited text file (usually a tab delimited or comma delimited file). Any qualifiers in the datafile should be normal quotation marks ( ).
MySQL Data Source
By choosing a MySQL Data Source you are given further choices to pin point your MySQL database:
IP number: Enter the IP address of the server hosting the MySQL database
Port: Enter the Port number of the database on the server, usually 3306
User Name: Enter the User Name of a user on the MySQL database with permissions to read from the database
Password: Enter a password, if any, for the user entered above.
Databases: After entering the correct address, port and user information for the MySQL database, you will be prompted with a list of databases the entered MySQL user has access to. Select the appropriate database from the popup menu.
Tables: The Tables popup menu will be populated with all database tables from the selected Database. Select the one that corresponds to your project.
For further information on setting up a MySQL database, please contact the MySQL group at http://www.mysql.com
Web Service Connection
When choosing a WebService as the Data Source you are given a couple of choices to point to the web page servicing your data:
IP number: Enter the IP address of the server hosting the web service database
Port: Enter the Port number of the database on the server, usually 80
User Name: Enter the User Name of a user on the database with permissions to read from the database
Password: Enter a password, if any, for the user entered above.
After entering the correct address, port and user information for the web service, press the refresh to update the column pop-ups.
For further information on setting up a web service, please search for webservice on the blog part of this site og you will get a guided tour
ODBC Data Source
By choosing ODBC as Data Source, you are given options to enter further information for your ODBC database connection:
ODBC Name: Enter the name of the ODBC connection on your PC.
User Name: Enter the User name for a user with permissions to access the ODBC connection.
Password: Enter the password for the user mentioned above.
Tables: The Tables popup menu will be populated with all database tables from the ODBC connection. Select the one that corresponds to your project.
For further information on setting up an ODBC database connection, please contact Microsoft Corporation at
Custom Data Source
When choosing Custom as Data Source, the Pre-Script field will change to Custom Data allowing you to browse for the Java Script that should perform the customized Data Source connection.
For more information on Custom Data Sources see page 43.
NOT CONNECTED TO BASE error
If you get a NOT CONNECTED TO BASE error upon applying a data base setting for a Data Source, one or more of your entered informations is incorrect. Review the various fields for the data base connection and try again or consult with your network or database administrator in order to get the correct connection information.
MySQL and ODBC connections often require an active Internet connection and there may be issues with a fire wall blocking the database request.
Select a data field from the Data Source that should be used as an ID Field for the Project.
The ID field should be unique and is often a generic integer ranging from 1, 2, 3, 4 ... up to the number of data entries in the Data Source, or the ID Field is a Product number or any other data field, that is unique.
The ID field is used by Cacidi Extreme and Cacidi LiveMerge for identifying each produced or placed Item Design and is vital for updating the whole production using the various update functions in Cacidi Extreme and Cacidi LiveMerge.
Note: List Field only applies for Cacidi LiveMerge.
The chosen data field from the Data Source will work as the list field in the Cacidi LiveMerge palette for data entries. Choose a data field from where it's easy to get the right data line when producing using Cacidi LiveMerge. This Field could be a Firstname field in a BusinessCard production, to list all the firstnames of the persons in the Data Source, or it could be Street address from a Real Estate production and list the addresses of all houses in the Data Source.
The Timestamp data field should be set to a data field that contains Modified Date informations for each record in the data source which must be either a MySQL or an ODBC data source. See the chapter Timestamp for more information on this feature.
Data Grouping is a powerful new feature of Cacidi Extreme and Cacidi LiveMerge.
Data is grouped around the selected data field from the popup menu. The Group field should be a field that is shared by a number of otherwise different data rows, that share the same data presented in the Group Field and are placed together in the Data Source, one after another.
The Loop Field is used in conjunction with the Group Field. Choose, one by one, the data fields from the popup menu to the left of the Loop Field that should be present to form the Loop Field.
Grouping data will repeat the data fields in the Loop Field for as long as the Group Field is unchanged and adding a carriage return after each looped line making it possible to create large pricelist catalogues and the like extremely fast with a minimum of work.
Each time you choose a data field from the right popup menu, it will automatically be entered with [ and ] brackets into the Loop Field separated by a
You can enter any text you like between the data fields in the Loop Field. This text will then appear as static text in the production.
For example, having a Loop Field consisting of [Height]x[Width] could produce a grouped result of
for a Loop Field with a group of five data rows.
The grouped data will be entered into a special data field named LOOP. This field doesn't have to exist in the Data Source beforehand and is not available from anywhere outside of Cacidi Extreme and Cacidi LiveMerge.
To use the grouped data field, enter the merge field [LOOP] in a text frame within an Item Design.
Text frames with a [LOOP] field should almost always have the Resize Text Frame feature (see page 9) applied to allow for the various amount of data in the data group.
In addition to the LOOP field, Cacidi Extreme and Cacidi LiveMerge creates another data field named LINECOUNTER. The LINECOUNTER data field will contain a number representing as many grouped data lines in each LOOP field. Thus, if a LOOP field for one data group contains 6 grouped data lines, the LINECOUNTER data field will contain 6.
Use the LINECOUNTER data field for breaking calculation methods where it is necessary to know the number of lines for each Item Design (see page 29 for more info on calculation methods).
Enter any text in the Query field to limit or filter the amount of data for the production. You can enter any text in the field and only data rows where this text appear somewhere in the fields will be available for the production.
You can also provide a standard MySQL query syntax in order to further limit the data to only use data rows where the entered text string appear in specific fields.
For more information about MySQL search queries, please consult the MySQL group at http://www.mysql.com
Choose a folder where every design appropriate to your project should be saved. Designs are considered Item Designs (or snippets), Page Designs, Catalogue Designs and Calculation files.
It is important to remember, that Cacidi Extreme and Cacidi LiveMerge will only look for designs inside this folder when populating and listing the available designs for your project in the palettes. Any design not saved within this folder will not be available for production.
Choose a folder where your images for the project reside. This folder should be the top most folder of a possible image folder hierarchy. Enter a file extension in the Extension field to the right of the Image Path field, if your data doesn't list the images with an extension. Usually, this applies for productions where the Images are the same as the Product number and the Image frame in the Item Design only has [productnumber] as mergefield. If the corresponding images are all named with the product number + the extension (.jpg, .eps, .tiff), you would enter the used extension for the images in this field.
If you don't know the extension of the image file you are using, the software automatically check for different extension possibilities. The only reason for entering the right extension are that it's faster to place images when the right extension are entered.
Point to a WordStyling file to be used with your project here.
The scripts in this folder will be available in the Scripts popup menu in the Frame Settings panel.
If your production requires a script (see above) to be run before a Cacidi Extreme production, select it here.
If your Data Source is set to Custom data, Pre-Script File will change to Custom Data allowing you to select the script that is designed to feed your production with Custom Data.
If your production requires a script (see above) to be run after a Cacidi Extreme production, select it here.
Point to a folder containing the InDesign document templates to be used with your project. These InDesign documents will be available from the InDesign Template popup menu in the Basic panel and be saving a template from this panel will default into this folder.
Click the Refresh button to refresh the data connection settings if you have changed or edited any data connection, be it to a file, MySQL, ODBC or a Custom Data Source.
By refreshing, the different popup menus will also be refreshed with the content of the Data Source.
OK and Cancel buttons
Click OK to save your project settings or click Cancel to cancel any changes you made to your project.
Both buttons will close the Project Settings window.
Click the ForceDB button to change the data connection settings from one settings to another e.g. change from one data file to another or change from file to database. There are a number of option you can choose..
Click to ForceDB button to change ALL settings in the project dialog.
By holding down the shift key and pressing ForceDB ONLY datasource information will be changed.
By holding down the alt key and pressing ForceDB ONLY the groupping information will be changed.
By holding down the cmd key and pressing ForceDB ONLY the filepaths information will be changed.
By holding down the cmd + shift key and pressing ForceDB ONLY the date field information will be changed. | <urn:uuid:c17160e6-d011-4680-a8fb-8d8d39a9a241> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cacidi.com/manuals/cacidi-extreme-cc-manual/?cacidiProduct=EXSU&task=VIEW&ID=24 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.835434 | 2,658 | 1.84375 | 2 |
OK… Google comes up with some very interesting (as well as some evil) stuff. The good: For this invention? Medical – Surgeons will be able to connect to other consultants during procedures and bleed in (pardon the pun) anatomy “projections”, etc. Also, probably great for tech uses – computer repairs, construction projects, etc.
The invention? It’s Google Project Glass:
Looks good, right? The glasses, too.
Notice all the buttons and the ear bud? Probably not, since the angle “isn’t right”. Guaranteed, there will be plenty of distractions… the myth of “multitasking”, revisited.
Google put out a vid about it… and this project does have some good points: Don’t get me wrong. It just glosses over and totally ignores the down sides. It doesn’t show you the ear bud or buttons, either [nor what significant prescription glasses would look like].
It also takes advantage (subconsciously) of powerful motivators – youth, beauty, romance and friendship (in a computer/internet) mediated increasingly virtual and isolated existence (not life). It also does not show all the streaming “news” and advertising from subscribing businesses along your route. Maybe it’s just me, but that seems to be deliberate fraudulent intent.
We’ve all discussed the topic of driving while distracted. Seems to me this little device has a real potential for distracting people at the wrong time.
Watch this vid, please:
Hope that one gets in the article. It proves the point rather well. In a complex environment, when you add distractions (visual and especially auditory) you really compromise your safety, as well as that of others.
I’m sure well hear, “Just take them off when crossing the street.” That’s really likely to happen. “Don’t wear them while actively driving.” Sure.
You know, I didn’t even mention privacy loss (not Google’s big concern).
I really don’t mind if the non-thinkers who will flock to buy and subscribe to this newest gadget get “culled”. What bothers me, Google, is how many innocent people this will take out while the idiot with one drives, makes the next “viral” video and talks on the phone while driving 65 mph.
I’m sure it’ll help profits from the undertakers and related advertising to increase. | <urn:uuid:7a049c06-1816-423c-86f9-290333b10ba0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://forums.stardock.com/421438/page/1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927964 | 540 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Looking for something fun to do this summer? Cleveland Public Library is the place to be. From summer reading to STEM courses and activities to engage young professionals, the Library has something for everyone this summer.
PLAY & LEARN
Our summer reading program, Summer Lit League, runs from May 30 through July 23. Registration opens Sunday, May 1 for children and adults.
Summer Lit League is an eight-week challenge, which encourages all Cleveland residents and Northeast Ohio families to read during the summer months.
This year’s theme, The Future is Now, Read! ties into the FRONT 2022 exhibition which embraces art as an agent of transformation and a mode of healing. “Everyone is invited to participate in this summer reading program,” said Erica Marks, Youth Services Program Director at Cleveland Public Library. “The benefits of reading are endless. Not only is it fun and free entertainment, but reading can build vocabulary and critical thinking skills, improve memory, and reduce stress.”
Activities will be at select neighborhood branches and Summer Splash at Public Square. Contact your local branch for more information.
Readers could win various prizes including an Apple iPad, Chromebooks, Nintendo Switch, family passes to the Great Lakes Science Center, and tickets to see Frozen at Playhouse Square. Summer Lit League will conclude with a family fun celebration on Thursday, July 28 at the Great Lakes Science Center.
Visit cpl.beanstack.org to register for Summer Lit League.
YOUNG SCHOLARS’ ACADEMY
Families can sing, read, write, and play their way to kindergarten readiness! Young Scholars’ Academy will teach young learners about caring, sharing, counting, the alphabet, and more. New sessions begin in June at Carnegie West and the Addison Branch. Meals are available for in-person participants. Register TODAY at cpl.org or call (216) 623-7114.
|Carnegie West Branch||Wednesdays, June 8 – July 27||10:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m.|
|Addison Branch||Thursdays, June 9 – June 30 Tuesdays, July 12 & 19||10:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m.|
Can’t make it in person? No problem! Join via Zoom on Tuesdays, June 7 – 28, and July 12 & 19 from 6:15 p.m. – 6:45 p.m. For more information, visit the homepage of Young Scholars’ Academy.
DREAM & DO
Build, code, and control mini robots at select neighborhood branches. Cleveland Public Library is hosting fun and engaging STEM courses this summer for kids and teens in grades 3 – 12.
Join the Best Buy Teen Tech Center at the Rockport Branch to participate in its Robotics Camp or explore innovative technology. The Best Buy Teen Tech Center is for kids and teens, ages 10 – 17. The space provides professional recording, mixing, editing, and video equipment, green screen, vinyl cutters, sewing machines, button makers, and 3D printers. Follow on Instagram @teentechatcpl.
For a list of locations offering Robotics and STEM courses, visit cpl.org/eventsclasses.
PEOPLE & SPACE
Live music, refreshments, and thought-provoking conversations. That’s what young professionals will experience this summer at Main Library in downtown Cleveland. We’re launching a new outdoor series called No Ceiling on the last Friday of the month starting May 27 from 5:30 p.m. – 8:30 p.m. From May to September, young professionals will meet up in the Eastman Reading Garden for networking and engaging deep-dive discussions about mental health, social justice, culture, and more.
|Mental Health & Music||Friday, May 27||5:30 p.m. – 8:30 p.m.|
|Thrive with Pride||Friday, June 24||5:30 p.m. – 8:30 p.m.|
|Money, Power, Respect||Friday, July 29||5:30 p.m. – 8:30 p.m.|
|Serious Business: From Side Hustle to Main Gig||Friday, August 26||5:30 p.m. – 8:30 p.m.|
|A Celebration of Heritage||Friday, September 30||5:30 p.m. – 8:30 p.m.|
For more information about No Ceiling, visit cpl.org/diversecity.
DOWNTOWN DOG WALK
Attention dog lovers! Bring your precious pooch to the Eastman Reading Garden outside Main Library for our monthly Downtown Dog Walk. From June to August, mingle with fellow dog owners during an evening walk around town and learn about the local landmarks. All dogs must be on a leash. Please remember to bring pick-up bags.
|Wednesday, June 29||5 p.m. – 6 p.m.|
|Wednesday, July 27||5 p.m. – 6 p.m.|
|Wednesday, August 31||5 p.m. – 6 p.m.|
FACT & FICTION
Don’t forget to check out one of our BookBoxes at Edgewater Beach, Wade Oval Wednesdays, and coming soon to Midtown.
All it takes to connect with your Library is a Cleveland Public Library card. Apply for one to access books, movies, and more. | <urn:uuid:f344c641-1bd0-48e4-8208-3c2fde88be05> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cpl.org/play-learn-this-summer-at-cleveland-public-library/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.912098 | 1,191 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Would you like to try out a tool that has the power to ignite exciting discussions that challenges the team and that possibly inspires to new improvement actions? Then you should try out the Jimmy Cards! So, what is “Jimmy Cards”? Simply put it, it’s a deck of challenging questions and riddles for the agile team.
Or buy the digital-print-it-yourself decks of the Red, Black and Blue decks.
Jimmy Cards are a set of cards with different questions.
There are no right or wrong answers, instead the questions are designed to inspire discussions within the team. They can be used as an ice-breakers for a new team or on retrospectives as discussion topics. Each deck consists of 51 questions (and four other cards).
The Red deck is perfect for building strong teams.
Try the Black deck if you’re a mature team that has been working together for quite some time.
The Blue deck is designed to trigger good discussion within a group of managers and leaders.
When to use them?
You can use the deck of questions any way you want. When I wrote them I imagined a team using them as ice-breaker for the retrospective or as a way to have focused discussion topics for the teams recurring Wednesday coffee break.
The deck contains 51 questions. There are no right or wrong answers, instead the questions are designed to inspire discussions within the team.
- If you could measure technical debt, what would the unit be?
- Which book do you wish everyone in the team had read?
- When was the last time you messed something up (at work)?
How to use them?
Ice-breaker version 1 Shuffle the cards. Draw a card. Read the question out loud. Pause for a couple of seconds to give everyone a chance to think. Take turns answering the question. While you are listening to other peoples answers, note down your follow-up questions, thoughts and reflections.
Ice-breaker version 2 One person shuffles and draws one card. He/she reads the question silently and then decides who should answer it. That person reads the question out loud and answers it. When done, he/she draws a new card, and chooses who should answer. Continue until everyone has got a chance to answer a question.
Retrospective version As Ice-breaker version 1 but the round ends with a discussion on any actions the team wants to take. When one or more actions has been identified a new question is drawn. Continue until
Big retrospective version At one retrospective involving 20 people we had the participants split up into four groups. Each group took turn answering a question provided by one of the other groups. As the group discussed the question all other groups listened in on the discussion and wrote down topics, reflections and ideas that the would like to discuss further (inspired by the discussion they eavesdropped on). The retrospective then continues with deeper discussions on a few of those topics.
This is examples of some feedback that I’ve got…
”Thank you so much for creating this. You have improved our scrum member introspection process tremendously.”
”I wanted to take a moment to let you know how much my scrum team loves the Jimmy cards and how we are desperate for more. Three times a week, following our daily scrum, we meet in the kitchen for some coffee, fika, and a round of cards.”
”Used the cards today for the first time in our fairly new team. We got some really interesting discussions and a few laughs too. Thanks Jimmy! Will use them again!”
”I used your cards to stir things up and steer conversation to highlight practices that were deteriorating as well as calling out some niggling concerns people have has but have not yet reached a stage where they felt they should be known. The Jimmy cards session help raise these issues earlier and they were addressed earlier. The team felt that they were so useful they suggested that we have a short session with the cards at each retrospective (this ended up being to frequent so we now do it every 4 weeks or two iterations)” | <urn:uuid:bfa0ea1b-89e6-4624-aeb3-0be6c13e906d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://agilewithjimmy.com/creations/jimmy-cards/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.965136 | 857 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Poplar trees are part of the genus Populus L. Poplar trees generally have a rapid growth rate that begins in the spring and ends in the summer. Poplar tree growth rates are affected by a variety of factors including soil fertility, annual rainfall, soil pH and temperature.
Balsam poplar trees grow quickly throughout their life cycle and reach up to 80 feet on average. At 20 years of age balsam poplar trees can reach up to 35 feet in height. Although annual growth rates are dependent on growing conditions balsam poplars can grow 2 feet in a single year.
The rapid growth rate of the white poplar allows it to reach heights of up to 80 feet over a 20-year period. On average these trees reach a maximum height of 100 feet above the ground with roots at least 2 feet deep.
One of the larger forms of poplar tree, the Lombardy poplar can grow up to 190 feet tall. Over a period of 20 years this species of poplar can grow up to 80 feet in height. The roots of the Lombardy poplar grow to a minimum of 32 inches in depth.
The Carolina poplar is another rapidly growing species of poplar tree that grows up to 80 feet in height over a 20-year period. It has a maximum average height of 110 feet and a minimum root depth of 2 feet.
- Photo Credit Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images
Rates of Growth in Evergreens
Rates of Growth in Evergreens. Selecting an evergreen to fill an area of your yard that is in need of year-round color...
Growth Rate for the Tulip Poplar
When early European settlers arrived in America, the land was dotted with forests. The fast-growing Tulip Poplar was one of the most...
Poplar Tree Diseases
Poplar Tree Diseases. Poplar trees grow very fast and grow throughout North America. They are often used for paper and particleboard production... | <urn:uuid:c21d6c0a-2b9f-42b6-a200-c7356cca326b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ehow.com/facts_7848756_poplar-tree-growth-rate.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718285.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00106-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930338 | 408 | 3.4375 | 3 |
One of the most awesome things about pencils is the ability to erase what you’ve written or drawn and change it. But which eraser works best?
I decided to put a few different types of erasers head-to-head and see which one works best. Its not the brand of eraser that is the key attribute but rather the type of material used to create the eraser. There are two common types of erasers for everyday use: plastic/vinyl erasers (usually white and almost all are now latex-free) and compound rubber (a bit gritty with a pumice-like material embedded in rubber).
There are also more task-specific erasers like kneaded erasers for artists, “pen-erasers” which have metal pumice to basically sand off a layer of paper and dozens of different shapes and sizes to meet whatever specific purpose you might have. There are lots of type of erasers encased in plastic cases, electric erasers and more. Too many to cover in one post so I’ll stick to the traditional block erasers. Most of which can be purchased at any shop that sells stationery products, from a drugstore to Target, the office big box in your area or your local art supply shop for $2 or less.
I pulled out the most commonly available erasers in my stash including the full range of Pearl erasers from Papermate: the classic Pink Pearl, the Black Pearl and the White Pearl. I also wanted to test my go-to eraser, the Staedtler Mars Plastic against these. I threw in a Koh-i-noor MAGIC (while not the easiest to acquire, its a compound rubber eraser and features fabulously unique looks). The Sanford Magic Rub is a plastic eraser like the Staedtler Mars and, finally, the Mercur i-eraser is a translucent PVC, latex-free eraser which I recently picked up at the local art supply shop to round out the mix.
Lots of pencils come with an eraser cap and these block erasers are often made of similar material. I would compare the look and feel of the Black Pearl to the black eraser cap found on a Palomino Blackwing 602. The Ticondergoga has a pink eraser cap similar to the the Pink Pearl. I find however that the small eraser caps on pencils often just collect lint in my pencil case and, due to their smaller size, dry out quickly. The drier the eraser, the more likely it will be to smear or crumble making a bigger mess than necessary. This is why I tend to prefer block erasers. Since they are larger, they don’t dry out as quickly and if a bit of it does dry out or get too dirty to use, I can trim off the end with a utility knife and have, not only a clean bit of eraser but a crisp sharp corner as well. WIN.
I chose three pencils to test: a Mirado Black Warrior HB, a Palomino Blackwing 602 and a Faber-Castell Grip 2001 2B. I did a scribble for each eraser.
I erased each scribble but I left the eraser dust in place to show how much dust each eraser created. Each eraser left about the same amount of eraser dust.
What surprised me was that different pencils erased differently. The Mercur i-eraser didn’t erase the the Mirado Black Warrior hardly at all but erased the Faber-Castell Grip 2001 almost completely. And, as I would have expected, the Staedtler Mars Plastic erased better across the board than any of the others. The Black Pearl worked pretty well across all three pencils. I would definitely pair the Mercur i-eraser with my Grip 2001s from now on. It erased very cleanly with both the Blackwing 602 and the Grip 2001. So strange.
My expectation, when I tested these, was that one eraser would be a clear winner, and if I had to pick one, then I would choose the Staedtler Mars Plastic. But each of these erasers performed better with some pencils than others.
There’s one other aspect of erasers that I really like. Its the feel of it in my hand. One of the gentlemen on Erasable (I think it was Andy but I can’t remember at the moment) mentioned the Black Pearl as a “worry stone” — an object to hold in your hand while thinking and that is why I love the Black Pearl. I often find that I press it into the palm of my hand like a little river stone while I’m writing. Its strangely soothing. They can also be used to weight down the corner of your notebook or keep your pencil (or pen) from rolling off the table. Even if you’re not inclined to use it to erase pencil marks, erasers are quite handy and a must-have for any well-appointed desk.
In the end, erasers will be a preference for each user but any one of these would be a good place to start.
More about erasers: | <urn:uuid:0617f678-a3f9-40cf-8422-e2a33efc4a5f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wellappointeddesk.com/tag/tool/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00121-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947957 | 1,083 | 1.539063 | 2 |
A rare separately published collection of a punk poetry by a Slovenian poet of Bosnian-Croatian origins Esad Babačić. Long 4°. [24 pp.] copied typescript with black and white illustrations, text starting on the inner side of the wrappers, original card wrappers with illustrated covers, stapled (Very Good, wrappers with minor staining).
An illustrated summary of modern Ottoman medicine, including the first presentation of the use of X-rays in the field. 8°: [8 pp.], 420 pp., with original brown wrappers with gilt lettering (good, clean and partly uncut, wrappers with minor scratches and hand-written numbers to corners).
A very rare Austro-Hungarian pilot for the Red Sea, illustrated by 4 colour lithographed sea charts, being the first separate printing of Captain Wilhelm Kropp’s observations and mapping of that critical maritime space, created in the wake of the opening of the Suez Canal, published in Fiume (today Rijeka, Croatia) in the Italian language for the benefit of Istrian and…
[Robinson. Parents, His Travels and Marvelous Adventures] A rare first Slovenian translation of Robinson Crusoe, owned by the artist Božidar Jakac as a child, with possibly the earliest known artist’s signature. 8°, 141 pp. with black and white illustrations in text, index, contemporary black boards with calf spine with embossed lettering, signed, stamped and blind-stamped by the…
A rare first edition of White émigré Aleksey Tolstoy’s work The Road to Calvary was written in the time of staying in Paris after the October Revolution, and was published in 1922, after he moved to Berlin. Two year later he became one of rare White Russian writers, who returned to the Soviet Union and built a new career there.
[Pravoslavnyi Hristіanskіj Molitvoslov / Orthodox Christian Prayer Book] 12°. 182 pp. with black and white illustrations, pp., original orange wrappers with lettering (slightly dusty, old annotations in Cyrillic on the title page, wrappers slightly stained, overall in a good condition).
[1917. Russia. 1923. / Russia. No Fairytale, No Legend, But a Reality] Large 4°. 31 pp. with illustrations in black and red, original illustrated wrappers, stapled (paper extremely fragile with tiny chips and tears in margins, wrappers detached, sporadic first and last leaved loose, minor age-toning, otherwise in a good condition).
[Borʹba russkoj demokratіi protiv bolʹševikov. Zapiski očevidca i učastnika sverženіja bolʹševistskoj vlasti na Volgi i v Sibiri / The Struggle of Russian Democracy against the Bolsheviks: Notes of an Eyewitness and participant in the overthrow of the Bolshevik authorities on the Volga and in Siberia] A contemporary first-hand account on the battles with the Red Army on the Volga…
طلب العلم فريضة على كل مسلم و مسلمة. تراژيتى ناۉقۉ دۉژان يه سواقى مۉسليمان اى مۉسليمانقا [Tražiti nauku dužan je svak musliman i muslimanka / Every Muslim Man and Woman is Obligated to Seek the Knowledge] A Bosnian school certificate printed and written in Arebica – Bosnian language in Perso-Arabic letters 8°, [4 pp.] with printed template, manuscript…
The last number of the most important Yugoslavian Communist underground newspaper Proleter (Proletarian) includes first printings of articles by the most prominent Yugoslavian Communists, active in Partisan underground movement.
The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network.
The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user.
The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes.The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.
The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. | <urn:uuid:bbd76102-0b02-40da-b22d-8a61ff051511> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pahor.de/product-category/books/slavica/page/8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.841901 | 1,093 | 1.765625 | 2 |
NORTH HEMPSTEAD N.Y. – Covanta (NYSE: CVA), a world leader in sustainable waste and energy solutions, today announced a new agreement with the Town of North Hempstead, NY for sustainable waste disposal. Instead of landfilling approximately 140,000 tons of waste annually, the Town will now utilize the Covanta Hempstead Waste-to-Energy facility located in Westbury, NY. The agreement commenced January 1, 2021, for an initial five-year term with options to extend for an additional 10 years.A fixture in the community for over three decades, Covanta Hempstead sustainably manages waste from residents of various local municipalities by combusting it at extremely high temperatures to generate steam for electricity production. This process is widely recognized for reducing greenhouse gases by eliminating methane emissions from landfills.
“Covanta is thrilled to partner with the Town of North Hempstead to sustainably manage its waste,” said Rick Sandner, Covanta vice president and general manager. “The switch to a local Waste-to-Energy option is a huge win for the environment and will significantly reduce North Hempstead’s carbon footprint. Waste-to-Energy plays a vital role in the transition to a zero-carbon economy.”
Prior to the agreement with Covanta, the Town of North Hempstead utilized off-island landfills for the disposal of its residents’ municipal solid waste, hauling waste as far as 300 miles away. By switching to a local option, the town will eliminate 4,000 tons of carbon dioxide from vehicle emissions annually while simultaneously reducing truck traffic on Long Island’s busy highways. In addition, switching to Waste-to-Energy from landfill will eliminate approximately 140,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent that otherwise would have been generated.
“By partnering with Covanta and utilizing Waste-to-Energy as our primary means of waste disposal, the Town of North Hempstead is taking a meaningful step in making our community more sustainable,” said Supervisor Judi Bosworth. “Utilizing existing disposal infrastructure on Long Island makes good environmental and economic sense while minimizing the impact from the waste we generate.”
Covanta operates four Waste-to-Energy facilities on Long Island. The facilities in Westbury, West Babylon, East Northport and Ronkonkoma collectively process 1.8 million tons of waste, generate electricity to power 100,000 homes and recycle more than 55,000 tons of metal every year.
Covanta is a world leader in providing sustainable waste and energy solutions. Annually, Covanta's modern Energy-from-Waste facilities safely convert approximately 21 million tons of waste from municipalities and businesses into clean, renewable electricity to power one million homes and recycle over 500,000 tons of metal. Through a vast network of treatment and recycling facilities, Covanta also provides comprehensive industrial material management services to companies seeking solutions to some of today's most complex environmental challenges.
For more information, visit covanta.com. | <urn:uuid:ce831032-15a1-45e2-b769-6a29edbffb57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.covanta.com/news/press-releases/north-hempstead-partners-with-covanta-for-sustainable-waste-management | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.908062 | 680 | 1.8125 | 2 |
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The Heart Rate of the Elephant
Francis G. Benedict and Robert C. Lee
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
Vol. 76, No. 3 (1936), pp. 335-341
Published by: American Philosophical Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/984548
Page Count: 7
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With an electric method employing radio amplification for transmittal of the action currents of the heart to a sensitive Moll galvanometer and special electrodes, records were obtained of the heart rates of 37 adult, female, Indian elephants, the largest weighing 8,000 and 9,000 pounds. When the elephants were standing quietly under ordinary conditions of feeding, the rates averaged 30 beats per minute. The lowest rate was 22 and the highest, 39 beats. This latter was found with the only elephant that presented any disciplinary problem and is explained by her extreme nervousness. When the elephants were lying, the rates were higher, occasionally only one or two beats higher, but usually from 8 to 10 beats higher. This is contrary to the findings with all other animals, which have lower heart rates when lying. In general, the smallest animals have the highest heart rates. The canary has been reported to have a rate of 1,000 beats, and the large domestic animals show rates of 40 or 50 beats. The elephant, with a rate of about 30 beats, fits perfectly into the picture, being the largest animal and having the lowest heart rate of any of the animals thus far studied.
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society © 1936 American Philosophical Society | <urn:uuid:6671ed4d-62e0-4971-a5b3-feab51603a24> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/984548 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00193-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925061 | 447 | 3.03125 | 3 |
How much will the fare be?
Passengers will have to pay Rs.6 for this bus for the minimum distance (i.e. 5 km).
Where to flee from?
Initially, these new buses will run on the following three lines. After that, the routes will be increased gradually.
> Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus at Nariman Point
> Colaba in Worli
> From Kurla to Santa Cruz
Characteristics of the new buses-
> Each new seat will have two steps. The old bus only had one staircase.
> The new bus will have better suspension.
> The bus will also have a digital ticket office
> There will be a CCTV camera on the bus for passenger safety.
45 old double-decker buses run in Mumbai
A total of 45 old double-decker buses are currently running in Mumbai. These buses will be removed. In 1947, there were a total of 242 buses in the double-decker bus fleet. After that, 882 additional buses were added to this fleet during the period from 1947 to 1993. | <urn:uuid:a19b2946-04d5-4771-a5af-bf49fb6d569b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://indianlekhak.com/maharashtra/first-double-decker-ac-bus-to-run-in-mumbai-from-friday-find-out-its-price | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.964571 | 230 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Steel Manufacturer to Pay $717,324 for Chemical Reporting Violations
Tenaris Global Services Corp., a manufacturer and supplier of steel pipe products for the oil and energy industry, has agreed to pay $717,324 of civil penalties to the United States to settle violations of environmental regulations at seven facilities related to the public reporting of toxic chemicals at its facilities in Louisiana, Texas and Arkansas.
“These laws are in place to protect workers, emergency responders and the community in the event of an accidental release or fire,” said Regional Administrator Al Armendariz. "Without accurate information, local officials can't make informed decisions and people don't know what to do."
The company failed to report quantities of chemicals on site that were manufactured, processed or otherwise used at the facility during 2005-2008. The regulated chemicals included lead, manganese, nickel, nitrate compounds, xylene, chromium, nitric acid, glycol ethers, and zinc compounds.
Companies are required to report these chemicals each year.
The following facilities were levied fines:
• Hydril Company, McCarty Manufacturing Plant, Houston, $141,344
• Hydril Company, Westwego Manufacturing Plant, Westwego, La., $108,717
• Maverick Tube Corporation, Hickman Facility, Blytheville, Arkansas, $119,422
• Maverick Tube Corporation, Tenaris Conroe Facility, Conroe, Texas, $43,281
• Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Precision Tube Technology, Houston, $105,661
• Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Subsea Center, Houston, $34,171
• Maverick Tube Corporation, ARAI facility, Houston, $164,728
Submission of the annual toxic chemical reports is a requirement of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA). Under EPCRA regulations, large companies are required to submit annual reports to EPA and state authorities listing the amounts of regulated chemicals that are manufactured, processed or otherwise used at the facility. The reports provide an important source of information to emergency planners and responders, and residents of surrounding communities.
EPCRA was enacted by Congress in 1986 for the protection of the public from chemical emergencies and dangers. | <urn:uuid:c7f0e788-33e1-4178-8499-5333946237d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eponline.com/articles/2011/07/19/steel-manufacturer-to-pay-717324-for-chemical-reporting-violations.aspx?admgarea=commentary | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.930411 | 466 | 1.6875 | 2 |
First mentioned in a 1597 document but recorded as a resort in 1850, Sovata is located at 1,600 ft. above the sea level, in the stunning forested region of Transylvania, Sovata features the heliothermal Ursu (Bear) lake – unique in Europe. The mineral waters here are highly prescribed in gynecological and sterility afflictions.
The nearby salt mine from Praid offers a suitable environment for the treatment of afflictions of the respiratory system, such as asthma.
Location:Transylvania - Central Romania
(Mures County) - map
Nearby large town: Targu Mures (35 miles west)
Annual average temperature: 45 F
Elevation: 1,520 – 1,696 ft.
Natural resources: Mineral waters, Sapropelic mud
Gynecological afflictions (ovarian insufficiency, secondary sterility)
Arthritis and rheumatoid disorders
Peripheral nerve diseases
Endocrine system problems (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism)
Fitness and rehabilitation centre
Indoor thermal swimming pool
Natural thermal lakes
Mud applications & mud packing
Where: 35 miles southwest of Sovata
Access: car, bus (from Targu Mures)
Transylvania is also home to the exquisite medieval town of Sighisoara, a perfectly intact 15th century gem with nine towers, narrow passageways and cobbled streets, burgher houses and ornate churches. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sighisoara is also the birthplace of Vlad Dracula, nicknamed Vlad the Impaler (Vlad Tepes), ruler of Walachia from 1456 to 1462. It was Vlad who inspired Bram Stoker's fictional creation, Count Dracula. His house is just one of many attractions here. Others include: the Church on the Hill, with its 500-year-old frescoes; the Church of the Dominican Monastery, known for its Transylvanian Renaissance carved altarpiece, baroque painted pulpit, Oriental carpets and 17th century organ; and the Venetian House, built in the 13th century. In the nearby countryside, another UNESCO World Heritage town, 13th century Biertan, stands high on a hill as one of the largest and most impressive medieval strongholds in Transylvania.
Where: 42 miles south of Sovata
Saschiz is renowned not only as home to one of Transylvania's finest fortified churches but also as a carpentry and wood-painting center. It was here that Saschiz blue pottery was born in 1702.
The Evangelical Church of Saschiz was built between 1493 and 1496 by Saxon colonists. The monument is very impressive due to its sheer size and the way the fortifying elements have been adapted to the shape of a church building. From the outside, the church appears to be a bulwark, but its defensive role is surpassed by the beauty of its gothic elements: huge arches, massive buttresses and decorative stone and brick aspects. Due to the significant distance between the center of the village and the hill on which a Saxon fortress was built in 1496, the fortified Evangelical church became the main refuge for the inhabitants of Saschiz during invading raids.
Where: 60 miles southwest of Sovata
In the nearby countryside, 13th century Biertan, a UNESCO World Heritage town, stands high on a hill, enclosed by walls more than 35 feet high. The most famous of the fortified churches, Biertan was the seat of the Lutheran bishops from 1527 to 1867.
(Cheile Bicazului & Masivul Ceahlau)
Where: 65 miles northeast of Sovata
How to get here: Daily bus and train service from Iasi and Piatra Neamt
The road that slices through the Bicaz Gorges (Cheile Bicazului) is among Romania's most staggering and spectacular. The gorge twists and turns steeply uphill for three miles, cutting through sheer 1,000-foot limestone cliffs on its journey through the mountains.
For hikers, kayakers and fly-fishing enthusiasts, the Hasmas - Bicaz National Park's main attraction is the Red Lake (Lacul Rosu), created in 1837 after a major natural landslide. Short and long walks provide access to the lake's spectacular scenery and many fishing spots. The Bicaz Gorges offer a unique view of the Ceahlau Massif.
Surrounded by watercourses and lakes, Ceahlau Mountain, the Olympus of Romania (it was considered to be the sacred mountain of Zalmoxis, the god of the Dacians), displays an incredible concentration of rare species and wildlife. Over 2,000 flower species, fossil limestone, the rock formations Dochia and Cusma Dorobantului, and the Duruitoarea Falls are some of the highlights of the park.
Sovata Bai Bus Station (Autogara)
Daily domestic bus service from/to: Targu Mures, Praid
Bucharest to Sovata via E 60 / Route 1 - E 60 / Route 13 – DN13 A:
Bucuresti – Sinaia – Brasov – Rupea – Sighisoara - Sangeorgiu de Padure– Sovata
Cluj Napoca to Sovata via E60 / Route 15 - E60 / Route 13 – DN 13A:
Cluj Napoca – Turda – Targu Mures - Sangeorgiu de Padure– Sovata
Sibiu to Sovata via DN14 – E 60 / Route 13 – DN13 A:
Sibiu – Cospa Mica – Medias – Sighisoara - Sangeorgiu de Padure– Sovata
Targu Mures to Sovata via E60 / Route 13 - DN 13A:
Targu Mures – Sangeorgiu de Padure – Sovata
Nearest train station: Targu Mures
From Targu Mures Bus Station (Str. Unirii 11) there is daily bus service to Sovata.
Daily train connections from/to a number of Romanian cities, including Bucharest , Arad, Brasov, Sibiu.
For Sibiu, Cluj Napoca and Sighisoara you must change trains at Razboieni.
To check the latest train schedules for domestic routes, please visit the website of Romanian Railways: www.cfrcalatori.ro
The site has complete information about domestic train schedules and fares.
Note: For departures from/to Bucharest, please select Bucuresti Nord.
For departures from/to Targu Mures, please select Targu Mures (or Tirgu Mures).
For additional information please visit: Sovata.ro | <urn:uuid:0cb8ea43-3b05-4007-8ec7-efc7196c46f7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://romaniatourism.com/spa-romania-sovata.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00373-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904285 | 1,450 | 2.21875 | 2 |
recruitment and retention
About this event
Between March 2020 and June 2020, much of the early years sector (nurseries, childminders and nannies) closed to all but the children of key workers. Since then, intermittent closures or retraction of provision of nurseries and other settings has caused extensive disruption to parents who depend on care and education for pre-school children. This disruption has also been felt by those who staff the sector, who have experienced financial hardship and sometimes unsafe working conditions. The sector will play a key role in post-Covid recovery, as it is foundational to the economy and yet it is facing a recruitment and retention crisis after years of underfunding, exacerbated by the pandemic.
Leeds University Business School is delighted to invite you to this Ideas in Practice event which marks the conclusion of the project. In this webinar, the Childcare during COVID team launch its report 'Essential, but undervalued: early years staff and families during the COVID-19 pandemic ’ and discuss the challenges and opportunities for the future of early childhood education and care.
- Helen Hayes MP, Shadow Minister (Education)
- Dr Kate Hardy, Project PI, Associate Professor, Leeds University Business School
- Professor Jennifer Tomlinson, Project PI, Professor of Gender and Employment Relations, Leeds University Business School
This event will launch the final report from “Childcare during COVID-19” - a major study examining the effect of the pandemic on the early years sector, its workforce and the families who rely on it. Drawing on two waves of surveys with 5,542 responses and 321 interviews with 197 participants including nursery managers and workers, childminders, nannies, parents and grandparents. The findings demonstrate the financial pressures experienced within the sector, their uneven impact and the ways in which the pandemic has exacerbated existing intra- and inter-household inequalities. Findings include:
- Inequalities between households have been exacerbated, as children and parents in areas of greatest deprivation are more likely to be under threat of losing access to high-quality early childhood education and care
- Covid-19 has worsened long-term issues around affordability of ECEC and childcare for parents
- The workforce across the sector feel undervalued and unrecognized, leading to low morale, declining wellbeing and mental health as well a care and brain drain
- Covid-related factors have widened the responsibilities of early years workers and intensified their work, worsening the retention and recruitment crisis
- Government guidance and support to the ECEC sector during COVID-19 was not fit for purpose, particularly for childminders and nannies
- Mothers have disproportionately felt the impact from the difficulty in accessing ECEC on their paid work and/or career progression
- Parents (and particularly mothers) report substantial and sustained negative impact on their well-being and mental health due to disruptions to formal and informal ECEC and childcare and wider family and community-based networks
The report concludes with a series of policy recommendations and interventions to ensure a more resilient future for this vital sector and its workforce, including:
- Formal designation of the workforce as ‘critical workers’
- Business continuity payments through a viability support fund
- A need for enhanced access to sick pay for ECEC workers
- Improvements to employment support schemes, which reflect the complexities of the workforce in ECEC
- Recruitment campaign and actions on low pay, low morale and recognition
- Creation of sustainable career paths in early years, with pay progression reflecting skills
- Supply-side core infrastructure for early years, including places for most deprived children and/or in areas of highest deprivation
- Existing 'Free entitlement’ to be fully funded by government at actual cost for providers
- Investment in community-based provision for those who do not use ECEC settings, notably in deprived areas.
Research presentation and panel discussion will be followed by audience Q&A.
Research team: Dr Helen Norman, Dr Katie Cruz, Dr Xanthe Whittaker, Dr Nathan Archer; Dr Rose Smith; Dr Soumia Nouari; Bethan Starkey | <urn:uuid:56fd7529-f413-4d2f-a6a8-8caceef5871f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://childcarecanada.org/taxonomy/term/8982 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.957128 | 853 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Atopic eczema is a type of dermatitis characterized by red, swollen, cracked, and itchy skin that may form anywhere on the body including on face, on scalp, around eyes, and on hands and feet. According to the National Eczema Association, this condition affects over 31 million people in America.
This skin disorder typically starts developing in childhood and may become more severe over time. Although it’s unclear what causes atopic eczema, the condition is not contagious. You cannot catch the disease from someone who has it or spread it to other people. Here’s more information about this condition to help make managing the disease easier.
What Causes Eczema?
While researchers are not 100-percent sure what causes atopic eczema, it is believed the condition develops as the result of a combination of several factors:
- Genetics – People who have one or more parents or siblings with eczema, a similar atopic disease, asthma, or seasonal allergies are more likely to develop eczema. It is thought that a gene mutation may cause the skin to react to internal or environmental elements in an abnormal way.
- Immune system dysfunction – Eczema may be the result of an autoimmune disease. This is a condition where the body attacks itself, causing chronic inflammation and an assortment of unpleasant symptoms and side effects.
- Environment – Although eczema is not caused by an allergy, it has been found that children who live in areas where pollution is high, in higher social classes, or in cold areas are more likely to develop eczema.
- Mother’s age – Research indicates that children born to older women are more likely to have this skin disorder than children born to younger women. However, why this is the case is not well understood.
- Very dry, irritable skin – This type of skin is unable to retain moisture, which may reduce its ability to act as a barrier against bacteria and other harmful organisms that may infect the skin and cause inflammation.
- Bacteria – Certain bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, may form a film on the sweat glands that prevents them from functioning properly. The excess moisture that would normally be transferred to the skin’s surface by the sweat glands may instead be distributed underneath the skin and cause irritation.
- Increase in skin sensitivity – Use of chemicals or participation in activities that increase the skin’s sensitivity may contribute to the onset of eczema.
As noted previously, eczema is not an allergic reaction to internal or external factors. However, people who have eczema also tend to have food allergies. In fact, between one-third and two-thirds of children and adults with eczema have food allergies. Dairy, nuts, and egg allergies are the most common. However, the allergy doesn’t necessarily cause or worsen eczema, though it may act as a trigger for symptoms. If you feel there is a connection between the eczema and a food allergy, talk to a healthcare provider before engaging in an elimination diet to ensure you can meet your nutritional needs.
What Causes Eczema in Babies?
Unfortunately, babies can also get eczema. It is believed their skin does not produce enough ceramides, which are fatty cells that help the skin form a barrier to keep in moisture and keep out microbes. Without this barrier, babies’ skin become excessively dry and may trigger eczema flare ups.
The major factor in why babies get eczema is heredity. Defects in the skin that cause it to become more susceptible to internal and environmental elements may also be a cause. Fortunately, babies are more likely to grow out of this skin disease by the time they reach school age.
It’s important to differentiate between an eczema cause and an eczema trigger. An eczema cause is something that led to a person getting the disease in the first place. An eczema trigger is something that causes symptoms to flare up or worsen in a person that already has the disease.
There are a number of things that can trigger an atopic eczema flare up. The most common trigger is anything that topically irritates the skin. For example, wearing clothing made from wool, synthetic, or rough fabrics can trigger an eczema outbreak. Other skin irritants include bar soaps, dish soaps, detergents, disinfectants such as bleach or chlorine, shampoos, bubble bath, dust, sand, cigarette smoke, and the juice from fruits, vegetables, and meats.
Eczema symptoms may also be triggered by one or more of the following:
- Allergens – This includes environmental and food allergies. Milk, eggs, soy, wheat, seeds, and nuts are the most common triggers. However, any food that causes an allergic reaction can also serve as a trigger, so you may want to try an elimination diet to see if it helps your symptoms. Common external allergens that may induce eczema flare ups include dust mites, pet dander, pollens, molds, and dandruff. These items can live in rugs, bedding, and clothing, so vacuuming frequently and washing clothing and bedding in non-irritant detergent may be helpful.
- Disease and infections – Exposure to microbes such as the Staphylococcus aureus and fungi as well as viruses can induce an eczema outbreak. This is particularly true if the microbes cause you to get sick or leads you to develop a skin infection.
- Temperature – Being too hot or too cold can trigger an outbreak as well as taking showers or bath in water that’s very hot or cold. It may be that these extreme temperatures dry the skin and make it more susceptible to irritation. Sweating and then rapidly cooling down can also cause you to break out.
- Stress – Stress has been connected to eczema outbreaks, but the connection is not well understood. Stress can cause a number of adverse reactions in the body including rapid heartbeat, increased body temperature, and hormone imbalance. These and other reactions may be the source of the trigger. On the other hand, the outbreak itself may be the cause of the stress the person feels.
- Hormones – Fluctuations in hormone levels can cause outbreaks, which is why women may experience a worsening of symptoms during their monthly cycles and when they are pregnant.
- Water exposure – Being in water for too long, such as taking a long bath or swimming for extended periods of time, can dry the skin and induce or worsen eczema symptoms.
- Climate and weather – People who live in dry and cold climates may experience more frequent eczema outbreaks because these types of climates don’t allow the skin to get enough or retain moisture. Being places with low humidity can result in the same effect. To reduce the instance of flare ups, be certain the air in your home or office has a minimum of 45 to 55 percent humidity.
- Clothing – As mentioned before, clothes made from rough materials can irritate the skin. However, so can clothing tags and dye residue. Before wearing new clothes, cut out the tags and wash the garments to get rid of any irritants.
- Beauty products – Many beauty products such as body wash and skin cream contain perfumes, alcohol, lanolin, and preservatives that can be very irritating to skin. Even if the product is marked unscented, it may still contain a small amount of fragrance or other substance designed to mask the items original smell. Look for all-natural products labeled fragrance free, and test a small amount on an unseen part of your skin for a reaction before using.
- Cigarette smoke – Not only can cigarette smoke in the environment irritate your skin, but smoking can trigger symptoms as well. Quitting smoking can reduce the frequency of outbreaks and improve the overall look and health of skin.
It’s a good idea to track your outbreaks in a journal. This can help you narrow down possible triggers so you can take steps to minimize their presence in your life. There is no cure for eczema, but following your healthcare provider’s treatment plan and avoiding triggers can help you live comfortably in your skin. | <urn:uuid:059c8d7b-e607-437f-910c-24c7a82cb454> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://130.211.119.163/eczema-causes-is-it-contagious | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00221-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946018 | 1,706 | 3.953125 | 4 |
Category: Society & Social Sciences|
The author of the book: Elizabeth Verdick
Format files: PDF, EPUB, TXT, DOCX
The size of the: 4.59 MB
Edition: Free Spirit Publishing Inc.,U.S.
Date of issue: 1 September 2009
Description of the book "Sharing Time":Sometimes it's fun to share, and sometimes it's hard. This book offers toddlers simple choices (take turns, use the toy together, wait for another time) to make sharing easier, and shows them where to turn for help when sharing is difficult. Little ones learn that sharing can mean double the fun--and sharing a while can make someone smile! Includes tips for parents and caregivers.
Reviews of the Sharing TimeThus far with regards to the book we have Sharing Time suggestions users haven't still left their own article on the action, or not make out the print however. Nevertheless, when you have presently read this e-book and you are therefore able to make their particular results well require you to be tied to to go away an overview on our website (we will release each positive and negative evaluations). Put simply, "freedom involving speech" All of us totally recognized. The feedback to reserve Sharing Time - additional visitors are able to make a decision of a book. These kinds of support can certainly make us all far more Joined!
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Download EBOOK Sharing Time for free | <urn:uuid:bfbed1ef-3353-4b76-970b-1a98b548cc1b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://clearwalksoft.com/society-social-sciences/175929-sharing-time.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00305-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923253 | 397 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Each year the United States of America contributes a lot to its citizens in the name of grants. There are several types of fiscal abidance being provided to individuals. Grants for men, women, minorities and students are some of the general assistance. However, great attention had perpetually been furnished to the women alone. The women grants were the oldest grant scheme ever.
In spite of so much advancement in the present world, many females are still being suppressed. This is why they require financial assistance in order to come out on their own. Many women are being ill-treated in the work place as well. Discrimination exists along with sexual molestations and harassments. Even though more than half the population in America are women, they are still being regarded lesser than men
These women grants are given to all kinds of women. They are awarded to females who are wedded, divorced, unmarried mothers and also other categories who are in immediate need of money. Many individuals use them for various intenions. They can begin their own small business, for their debts and also for education and renovating houses.
Women grants are generally given out in several regions of America. When a grant is being offered in the other states, it is not mandatory that it should be granted here as well. Firstly, it is important to find out more about the grants that are being provided in your region and in order to gain more particulars about them you need to go online to check if you are eligible for that certain grant. The formalities may vary according to the grants.
Once this process is done, all that you need to do would be to wait. Grants generally come along with the welfare of not repaying them. In fact, it is free money similar to a present being provided at the most important time by the government. These dependable federal grants are called the women grants and they are being sanctioned by the government in order to aid women to lead their own independent lives. | <urn:uuid:fc127f48-c759-4744-b339-f111bbc6e951> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://topgrant.net/356/free-women-grants-in-usa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.983764 | 395 | 2.890625 | 3 |
"It was during my time at secondary school that I abandoned religion."
"This is my simple religion. There is no need for temples no need for complicated philosophy. Our own brain, our own heart is our temple the philosophy is kindness."Paul Nurse on Dalai Lama
"I like your Christ, I do not like your Christians. Your Christians are so unlike your Christ."Paul Nurse on Mahatma Gandhi
"I believe in Christianity as I believe that the sun has risen: not only because I see it, but because by it I see everything else."Paul Nurse on C. S. Lewis
"Aim at heaven and you will get earth thrown in. Aim at earth and you get neither."Paul Nurse on C. S. Lewis
"I would rather live my life as if there is a God and die to find out there isn't, than live my life as if there isn't and die to find out there is."Paul Nurse on Albert Camus
"Better understanding of the natural world not only enhances all of us as human beings, but can also be harnessed for the better good, leading to improved health and quality of life."
"It has been a privilege to pursue knowledge for its own sake and to see how it might help mankind in more practical ways."
"I met my wife Anne who was a sociology student, and her influence together with activities associated with the student movement of the time opened up my interests amongst other things into the theatre, art, music, politics and philosophy."
"I felt strongly that since the pursuit of good science was so difficult it was essential that the problem being studied was an important one to justify the effort expanded."
"I have an idealistic view of science as a liberalising and progressive force for humanity."
x Share us on Facebook | <urn:uuid:e5f4c20b-7467-427f-a48f-f8f8d9c3c4d0> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.supanet.com/find/famous-quotes-by/paul-nurse/it-was-during-my-time-at-fqb59054/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721141.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00415-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972284 | 367 | 1.515625 | 2 |
The lactic starter culture contains those microbes which are essential for the preparation of fermented milk products like curd, cheese, buttermilk and fermented beverages. Lactic starter culture are used to enhance the quality of products and introduce essential characteristics to it. Lactic starter culture facilitate by producing enzymes, and these enzymes bring about different flavor, smell, texture and sometimes also help in storage of products. Fermented products have become an important part of life as these commodities provide essential nutrition, taste. Lactic starter culture provides various health benefits such as maintaining immune health gut health and others which is expected to fuel lactic starter culture market during the forecast period.
Lactic Starter Culture Market: Segmentation
The lactic starter cultures are segmented as the type of product, product form and applications.
By type of product, the lactic starter culture market can be segmented into a simple culture and mixed Culture. Simple culture consists of only one specific strain of lactobacillus and can induce only one particular characteristic in the product, for example, it can only limit the growth of unwanted microbe. Mixed culture contains various strains of lactobacillus and each play a different role in enhancing the product, for example, influencing the texture, flavor, and appearance of the product. By the form of product, the lactic starter culture can be segmented into liquid, frozen, and powder. By applications, the lactic starter culture market can be segmented into food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics. The food segment is further sub-segmented as dairy and alcoholic beverages.
Lactic Starter Culture Market: Drivers, Restraints, and Trends
The growth of dairy and wine industry is driving the growth of lactic starter culture market. As the dairy industry and winery industry have become the important part of people’s lives, lactic starter culture market is growing at high speed and has tremendous growth in the upcoming years. Fermented beverages are becoming more and more a part of the lifestyle in the modern age. Across the globe among various fermented product variant fermented dairy products are most popular products among the consumers which is expected drive the global lactic starter culture market during the forecast period. The end products of starter cultures are promoted through various means of communication like social media, video media, articles and others. Which further generating awareness and expected to drive the lactic starter culture market in the near future. On the other side, some fermented products like alcohol are harmful to health and ban for these products is initiated by some activists and government of many countries. Also, fermented milk products like cheese top falls under the junk food item list and are avoided by health conscious people and obese people despite their appetizing nature. These factors are collectively expected to restrain the lactic starter culture market during the forecast period.
Lactic Starter Culture Market: Regional Outlook
The Europe and American countries are dependent on the fermented and alcoholic beverages since an ancient age, and it has also become part of their cultures. The climate of these regions compels these people to include it in their daily life as a source of heat and energy. Thus both of these region is expected to represent major share in terms of value and volume both in the global lactic starter culture market. The Asian countries are also very much dependent on the fermentation dairy products, due to which the region is expected to represent favorable growth in the global lactic starter culture market during the forecast period.
Lactic Starter Culture Market: Key Players
Some of the famous key players in the starter culture market are mostly from the European regions; they DSM Food Specialties B.V., New England Cheesemaking Supply Company, DuPont Danisco®, Chr. Hansen, Bioprox pure culture, MOFN ALCE Group and Soyuzsnab among others.
A sample of this report is available upon [email protected] http://www.persistencemarketresearch.com/samples/17266 | <urn:uuid:3e32f670-d959-4507-8a76-8c59f103f5fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.findmarketresearch.org/lactic-starter-culture-market-global-industry-overview-by-2025/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.952201 | 797 | 2.5 | 2 |
WASHINGTON — Wheat flour production (including durum) in January-March 2015 totaled 103,116,000 cwts, down 0.7% from the first quarter of 2014. The 2015 figure was included in the first Flour Milling Products report issued May 1 by the by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The 2014 figure was based on data gathered by Veris Consulting, Inc., on behalf of the North American Millers’ Association and subsequently extrapolated by Milling & Baking News to encompass the entire U.S. flour milling industry.
Although NASS, NAMA (as interpolated) and earlier Census statistics are strictly not comparable, initial indications suggest they are close enough to provide meaningful comparisons. In addition to first-quarter 2015 flour data, NASS also published production data for the final two quarters of 2014, allowing for side by side comparisons with the NAMA figures.
The 24-hour milling capacity in January-March was estimated by NASS at 1,602,000 cwts, just shy of the previous old Census record and up 1,000 cwts from NASS estimates for the third and fourth quarters of 2014. The interpolated NAMA daily milling capacity was 1,559,000 cwts in January-March 2014. Census showed 1,539,000 in the first quarter of 2011.
Based on available NASS data, six-day grind in the first quarter was 84.7%, off from 87.9% in October-December and 86.7% in July-December. NAMA numbers suggest 87.6% a year ago. The Census in the first quarter of 2011 was 85.5%. | <urn:uuid:74119a89-7c0a-4d12-ac92-8a59f1213d19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bakingbusiness.com/articles/28771-initial-nass-data-suggest-january-march-flour-output-down-from-year-ago | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.96308 | 356 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Re: whats the difference between ADHD and LD?
ADHD is Attention Deficit Disorder, which is the term used to describe hyperactivity. It generally is related to behavior problems, but can effect learning as well because it effects concentration. LD is the abbreviation for Learning Disability. That can be any one of a number of disabilities which make it difficult to learn something, such as dyslexia or a processing disorder. Almost always a person with a learning disability has average to above average intelligence, but something in the brain makes it difficult to learn certain types of skills. They can involve reading, math, fine motor or large motor skill problems, etc. | <urn:uuid:56aef150-92af-4b1e-be1e-b1a34be3ae8d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.healthboards.com/boards/3980180-post2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00318-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964906 | 132 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Nitric oxide dioxygenation in mammalian myoglobins and microbial flavohemoglobins
Hvitved, Angela Noel
Doctor of Philosophy
All hemoglobins catalyze a reaction in which heme-bound dioxygen reacts directly with nitrogen monoxide (NO) to produce nitrate, resulting in the oxidation of the heme iron. This reaction, NO dioxygenation, has been proposed to proceed through a peroxynitrite intermediate that internally isomerizes to nitrate prior to release from the distal pocket of the globin. The work in this thesis examines the decay of the putative intermediate, using multiple myoglobin mutants to ascertain the role of key stereochemical features in the distal pocket. A reaction scheme is proposed that, we believe, provides a detailed mechanism for the formation and decay of a high-spin, cis-peroxynitrite-Fe(III) intermediate in the NO dioxygenation reaction. In mammalian myoglobins and hemoglobins the rate-limiting step for catalytic NO dioxygenase activity is the slow re-reduction of the heme by auxiliary enzymes, often flavin containing cytochrome b5 reductases. Flavohemoglobins are a family of microbial hemoglobins that contain a FAD-binding reductase domain attached directly to the globin, allowing for rapid re-reduction of the heme iron in the presence of NADH. As a result, these two-domain globins are extremely efficient NO dioxygenases that detoxify NO and are part of a microbial response to host defense mechanisms. Three fungal flavohemoglobins, one from Candida albicans and two from Aspergillus fumigates, have been isolated and preliminarily characterized with respect to ligand binding and NO dioxygenation activity. All three are functional flavohemoglobins as well as active NO dioxygenases. In contrast to other flavohemoglobins characterized thus far, AfFhbA exhibits several peculiar characteristics, the most striking being its unusual stability in the oxy complex. These results suggest the possibility of a different, as of yet undefined, function for this protein.
Molecular biology; Biophysics; Biology | <urn:uuid:40f07d66-300d-4723-9470-4bcdd65c77fd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://scholarship.rice.edu/handle/1911/22211 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00510-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.897636 | 484 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Canadian Foreign affairs minister is asking for a NAFTA review into what she calls “unfair and illegal” 30 per cent American tariffs imposed on Canada’s solar panel manufacturers.
Italy will not ratify the EU’s free trade agreement with Canada, the Italian deputy prime minister has said, potentially scuppering the bloc’s biggest deal in years.
In the current talks to renegotiate NAFTA, the US is demanding a significant increase in access to Canadian agricultural markets and the phasing out of tariffs. Effectively, this would mean the end of supply management.
With all the talk of demanding labour rights under NAFTA that are progressive and enforceable, it begs the question: what happened to demanding those rights when negotiating the new Trans-Pacific trade deal?
The Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement enshrines the right of corporations to make profit - whatever the cost to real people.
NAFTA is a corporate rights agreement, not a free-trade agreement in the original sense.
Uruguayan Foreign Minister Rodolfo Nin Novoa announced that the trade agreement between the Common Market of the South (Mercosur) and Canada includes a chapter on the promotion of women in that area.
Argentine President Mauricio Macri and Uruguayan counterpart Tabare Vazquez agreed that the Mercosur bloc should pursue trade accords with Asian countries and Canada.
The TPP is first and foremost a corporate-rights deal for multinationals. It will worsen inequality, further erode Canada’s manufacturing and industrial base.
Canada is hamstrung by a little-known NAFTA clause that packs a huge climate punch and gives the US first access to most of Canada’s oil and natural gas.
taly will not ratify the European Union’s free trade agreement with Canada because it does not ensure sufficient protection for the country’s specialty foods.
The two ministers discussed how the agreement will deepen economic ties and expand investment opportunities for businesses in Canada and Moldova.
Canada wants to speed up the ratification of the Trans-Pacific Partnership free trade pact to offset the adverse effects of the trade spat erupting with the United States.
The logic to Trudeau’s action may lie in an obscure and overlooked 2014 agreement to ensure China got a pipeline built
Israel and Canada signed a new free trade agreement.
The Canadian government could soon introduce a bill to implement the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), possibly as early as June 19.
Revamped trade pact also includes new provisions for labour standards, environment.
The document opposes international trade treaties such as the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
The four-country Pacific Alliance consists of Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. The coalition aims to achieve the goal, launched nearly a year ago, of conferring a new associate member status to Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Singapore.
Canada’s controversial mining sector may be the driving force behind the country’s insistence on protecting foreign investors’ rights over laws that guard its own citizens and environmental values. | <urn:uuid:c82e92a0-eb9e-44f2-9286-4e77717d6a15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bilaterals.org/?+-canada-12-+&debut_mot_articles=260 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.920415 | 651 | 1.84375 | 2 |
The East Baton Rouge Parish School Board may ditch plans to demolish and rebuild two elementary schools and instead redirect that $41 million to new programs to better compete with charter schools or to build a new high school south of I-10 to head off interest in creating a city of St. George.
The School Board discussed the matter Thursday but took no votes.
A 1-cent sales tax approved by voters in 1998 and renewed in 2008 includes many school construction projects, such as the completed rebuilding and expansion of Baton Rouge Magnet High and the ongoing rebuilding of Lee High. The next two projects in the tax plan to be designed are the demolishing and rebuilding of Broadmoor and Park elementary schools.
Changing major projects listed by name in the tax plan requires not just the approval of the board but also approval from a special citizen’s committee.
Superintendent Bernard Taylor said there are exciting ways to shore up and improve schools that are facing the most competition from new charter schools. He said, as he has repeatedly, that the new charters — public schools run via contracts with private groups — aren’t doing anything new that the school system isn’t doing already and are vulnerable to creative competition.
“Where there is a charter present, we need to use this process to attack that,” Taylor said, “because you can bring significant numbers of children back to the district.”
Board members Connie Bernard and Jill Dyason, however, pressed the idea of using money saved by not rebuilding Broadmoor and Park elementary schools to instead build a new school in the unincorporated area of the parish south of Interstate 10. The area lacks public schools, except for a new charter school that opened a month ago on Burbank Drive.
The Committee for Incorporation of St. George has proposed building six new schools in the area, in addition to the 11 schools it hopes to take over north of I-10. To do so, the organizers would not only have to successfully incorporate the area but also subsequently persuade the Legislature to let the new city take control of public schooling for the area.
Bernard said roughly 90 percent of the residents of her district opt out of the school system for private or parochial schools. As she has been knocking on doors in her quest for a second term on the School Board in Nov. 4 election, she said, she’s been running into many St. George supporters.
“The reality is they are telling me they are signing the petition and they going to vote for the city of St. George, and that’s because they have no schools,” she said. “Mayfair is not the solution. It’s only an elementary school.”
Mayfair Lab School is a small elementary school that eventually will grow to eighth grade. It is a magnet school modeled after better known LSU Lab School. Opened 13 months ago, Mayfair Lab posted strong test scores in its first year.
Dyason said the school system needs to offer more options in the upper grades south of I-10. She suggests starting a school with students in grades six to 12, an idea she floated in 2012 when the School Board was debating how best to rebuild Lee High.
She also rejected the idea of another magnet school.
“I want a school you don’t need an application to get into,” Dyason said.
Board member Barbara Freiberg voiced similar thoughts.
“I’d hate to overbuild in an area where we have schools and not build in areas where we don’t have schools,” Freiberg said.
Board member Tarvald Smith said he’s sympathetic but recalled that the board had considered relocating Lee High but found that available land was scarce or, if available, would require expensive wetlands mitigation.
School Board member Jerry Arbour noted that CSRS/Garrard Program Management, a joint partnership that manages school construction for the school system, is in the process of looking at the capacity of school buildings, something it agreed to as part of its spring 2013 contract renewal.
Taylor noted that several schools in the southeast area that were full in the past now have some space thanks to attendance zone changes and new schools, like the new Brookstown Middle Magnet Academy. He also said there are other schools with space, but they are in areas of town that have proven difficult to attract students to.
“Let’s be clear. Where there is capacity, people don’t wanna go there,” Taylor said. | <urn:uuid:604120c1-bf1c-4eb5-b303-804762528444> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/education/article_47b5e492-5803-5869-9add-471e02673f5a.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975119 | 943 | 1.546875 | 2 |
World War II is remembered as one of the deadliest and monumental wars in human history, that has largely shaped the world as we know it today. With a tremendous loss of life and destruction of many cities, World War II devastated much of Europe and Asia, and the geopolitical implications of the war are acting even today.
In this post, we’ve gathered up 87 historic World War II photographs from some of the historical websites and the Wikimedia commons, that serve as a reminder and chronicle the war effort, both in the battles and in the down-time.
Some images do contain depictions of violence, so exercise your own good judgment before proceeding.
Those who do not remember history are doomed to repeat it, so let us remember. | <urn:uuid:5a4d2e60-979a-452d-8706-d8cafec667ce> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.presidiacreative.com/87-historic-world-war-ii-photographs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719079.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00033-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939168 | 150 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Hello! I'm Ben Newman, currently a Computer Science MS student at Stanford working with the Stanford NLP group. I'm interested in understanding how NLP systems learn and process human language and the role language technologies can play in society more broadly.
I've worked on projects analyzing models' abilities to extrapolate, process syntax, and communicate. I've also thought about how language technologies can usefully augment human language abilities, both for scientific discovery (e.g. testing psycholinguistic hypotheses) and in political science (e.g. countering minsinformation). I've been a course assistant for two of Stanford's NLP classes, CS124 and CS224N, and have co-taught courses in Introductory Linguistics and Computing Fundamentals to high schoolers at Stanford Splash.
P-Adapters: Robustly Extracting Factual Information from Language Models with Diverse Prompts
Benjamin Newman, Prafulla Kumar Choubey, Nazneen Rajani
ICLR 2022 (Poster)
Querying Pretrained NLP models with semantically equivalent prompts (e.g. "[MASK] is Canada's capital" and "Canada, which has capital city [MASK]") do not necessarily lead to the same predictions. Can low-parameter fine-tuning methods increase model consistency? Yes! And they don't need as many annotations as other methods.
Conducted during an internship at Salesforce Research
Refining Targeted Syntactic Evaluation
How should we evaluate the syntactic understanding of NLP systems? We argue for evaluating models' likely behavior and systematicty, and build off of minimal pair evaluation to address these goals. We find models are better at conjugating verbs they deem likely.
The EOS Decision and Length Extrapolation
Blackbox NLP@EMNLP 2020 (Outstanding Paper)
Why do sequence models struggle to extrapolate? For many reasons, but the decision to train models with End of Sequence tokens at the end of training examples is one of them. We investigate and visualize the effect that this decision has on neural models' extrapolative abilities.
Communication-based Evaluation for Natural Language Generation
Society for Computation in Linguistics@LSA 2020
Do n-gram overlap metrics like BLEU capture whether the models are successful communicators? Not really, so we introduce a new method for evaluating communicative effectiveness based on the Rational Speech Acts framework.
Conducted during CS224U and the Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI) summer internship.
On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models
Bommasani et al., 2021
Unsupervised Recovery of Tree Metrics from Learned Representations
Representations from pretrained language models likely incorporate syntax, but can we access it without training supervised probes? [pdf]
CS229: Machine Learning. Final Project (2019).
English-Chinese Name Machine Transliteration Using Search and Neural Networks
What's your name in Chinese? Translating a name is different from translating an article because name translations are based in phoenetics and lack large corpera. We explore two approaches. [pdf] [code]
Using POMDPs to Learn Language in a Spatial Reference Game
What we can learn about people's use of swears by looking at their word2vec and GLOVE embeddings? [pdf]
Zero Width Space Encrypter
Hiding secret messages in HTML zero-width space characters. Demo here! | <urn:uuid:3ba9d312-307b-40e3-99b0-c82e4271758e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://web.stanford.edu/~blnewman/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.894015 | 746 | 1.710938 | 2 |
In the beginning was the
energy, a life force so enthusiastic that everyone noticed him as a boy with
leadership qualities, who never did things by halves, and who rarely knew when
to stop. Whether it was collecting nickels and dimes for the war effort, selling
ads for the school magazine, or playing practical jokes on his friends, he had
exceptional drive that combined zeal, ingenuity, and humor. Yet the
levitas in his nature was balanced by a gravitas shown in the
self-discipline he applied to achieving the academic goals of his schoolboy
years. So even in his earliest days there were intriguingly polarized
characteristics in the young Charles Colson. It did not need an expert in
genetics to deduce that they flowed from his radically different
No mother could have had a more appropriate nickname than Dizzy Colson. The nineteenth-century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli, who acquired the same sobriquet, coined a phrase to describe his parliamentary opponent William Gladstone: "Inebriated by the exuberance of his own verbosity." It was a cap that would have fit well on Inez Ducrow Colson. For Dizzy Colson was a twentieth-century American eccentric who never stopped talking, showing off, spending money, or striking attitudes that she hoped would shock her friends and relatives. Colorful anecdotes of Dizzy abound throughout the story of her son's life.
When Dizzy made her first visit to the White House in 1969 to see Charlie, as she always called her son, in his office as special counsel to the president, she was unusually dressed for the occasion. She wore a light overcoat, but beneath it she was clad in nothing more than her underwear and a slip. When she explained to a startled cousin how she justified this bizarre ensemble, Dizzy declared: "But no one ever lets you take off your topcoat in the White House!" History does not record whether Mrs. Colson ever tested her theory of the disrobing customs at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue in the Nixon years or whether she simply invented the story to shock her straitlaced relative. The latter seems more likely since Dizzy was not given to understatement either in dress or in words.
One post-White House occasion when Dizzy might have found it difficult to overstate her own role in the proceedings was the Washington movie premiere of the film of her son's best-selling autobiography, Born Again. Surrounded by Hollywood stars, Beltway celebrities, the sister of the president of the United States, and a theater full of heavyweight figures from the worlds of politics, journalism, and religion, most mothers might have been content to bask in reflected glory from a backseat. Not Dizzy. Although she was under strict instructions not to talk to the press and had even been assigned a minder to ensure her silence, Inez Ducrow Colson was not one to hide her light under a bushel. She escaped from her minder, Mrs. Beth Loux, by slipping into a stall in the ladies' rest room and slipping out again underneath one of the partitions separating the toilets. By the time Mrs. Loux had discovered that her charge had bolted even though her toilet door was still closed, Dizzy was in full flow, giving an interview to the style correspondent of the Washington Post. The main feature of the interview was Mrs. Colson's ethically incorrect opinion of her son's role in Watergate and of his efforts to blacken the character of Daniel Ellsberg. "I'm proud of what Chuck tried to do to that communist Ellsberg. . . . I wish he would get up and say, 'I'm proud.' . . . I never want to hear Chuck saying, 'I'm sorry,'" she declared. Apparently oblivious to the new Colson message of Christian contrition and change, Dizzy professed to be mystified by the book's title. "I born him first. I had him baptized as a baby. I don't understand this 'Born Again' business," she told reporters.
It was not the first or last time that Charles Colson found himself at loggerheads with his mother. "The problem was that he and Dizzy banged smack into the middle of each other's energy fields," was how one member of the family summarized their turbulent relationship. The collisions between filial chalk and maternal cheese sometimes had awkward consequences. With the looks of a Bette Davis and the effervescence of a Goldie Hawn, Dizzy had a flamboyance in her character that was the antithesis of her son's self-discipline. Immensely attractive in her expansive personality, she combined generosity of spirit toward underdogs with financial recklessness about overdrafts. One of her many iron whims was a determination to be on the move. This included house moves, for in the 1930s and 1940s the Colsons had at least fifteen different addresses in the Boston area, a velocity of change that caused young Charlie to attend eight schools before reaching the age of twelve.
Some of this switching of abodes may have been due to Dizzy's peripatetic restlessness of spirit, but the more fundamental cause was the constant fluctuation of the family finances. These cash flow problems were usually caused by Dizzy's chronic overspending on clothes, flowers, furniture, and household decorations--of which only the very best would do. Some of Charles Colson's most painful childhood memories concerned the aftereffects of his mother's extravagance, when forced sales of the family furniture were required because her bills had mounted too high. The shock of coming home from school and finding complete strangers carrying chairs out of the living room left its scars on the adolescent Colson. The anxieties created by the debt crises and rent shortfalls of his youth resulted in a careful frugality with money in his adult life.
Visits from debt collectors were not the only insecurities to trouble young Charlie. Another perplexity was his mother's sense of humor. Extraordinary though it sounds, Dizzy enjoyed pretending that her son was not her son at all. With a straight face she would tell her friends that she had really given birth to a daughter, who had been accidentally swapped by a maternity nurse in the hospital for the boy baby she now had to bring up. So elaborate were the details of this fantasy that some people actually believed it. Although Charlie himself was not among the believers, he was understandably unsettled by the frequency with which his mother repeated and varied the story in ways that could only have been hurtful to a young boy. As he recalled it: "This was my mother's favorite gag. Of course, I knew she was saying it half in humor, but it always left me feeling uncomfortable. Even to me she would say, 'I never wanted a boy. I really wanted a little girl and I had one.' Then she'd go on and explain how in the next room in the hospital there'd been a Mrs. Peterson who'd had a girl and that the hospital had mixed up the babies. 'So you really belong to Mrs. Peterson and her little girl is really my daughter,' she used to say."
A modern child psychologist might make interesting observations on the wisdom of these maternal jests, particularly since their negative impact was compounded by Dizzy's reluctance to express the love and pride she inwardly felt for her Charlie. These failings corrected themselves when she spoke of him with loving admiration to other people. Yet the direct lines of communication between mother and son were curiously flawed, as the latter recalls: "My mother would never say to me, 'I am really proud of you and what you're doing.' She never said, 'You're wonderful,' or, 'I love you.' I can't ever recall my mother saying things like that to me . . . she never really understood me or my work . . . we just never clicked."
Fortunately for the young Charles Colson, he clicked happily with his other parent, his father, Wendell Ball Colson, with whom he had a good rapport and many similarities of both character and appearance.
The Colsons came from Scandinavian stock. Wendell's father arrived in America in the 1870s as an immigrant from Sweden. He became a successful musician, celebrated for his cornet solos with the Boston Symphony Orchestra, but his life and career were ended by a virulent flu epidemic in 1919. Wendell was seventeen at the time of his father's death and he dropped out of high school in order to support his widowed mother. Throughout his remaining teens and twenties, Wendell worked as a bookkeeper for a Boston meatpacking plant, earning around $32 a week. However, he was determined to better himself, for he spent his evenings studying at night school until, after twelve years, he achieved professional qualifications in law and accountancy.
In the middle of these exertions Wendell met the colorful Inez, or Dizzy, Ducrow, a beautiful twenty-one-year-old Bostonian whose penchant for fantasy extended to the claim that she was descended from the British aristocracy. The British part was true. Her parents emigrated from Birmingham, England, in about 1900 and never relinquished their U.K. citizenship, even though they resided in the United States for over forty years. Aristocratic lineage would have been harder to establish, for Dizzy's father was a silversmith, a trade that in nineteenth-century Britain was not usually associated with the nobility and gentry unless they were its customers.
The marriage of Wendell Colson and Inez Ducrow at Saint Andrew's Episcopal Church, Orient Heights, in 1926, seems to have been inspired by that random arrow of Cupid known as "the attraction of opposites." In temperament and behavior, the bride and groom were poles apart, but perhaps Dizzy's intuition told her that she needed the qualities of stolidity and stability in a husband. Although Wendell must occasionally have wondered whether his down-to-earth normality was equal to the task of keeping his exotic wife rooted in reality, their forty-eight-year marriage was a happy one. Despite those creative fictions about the mix-up with Mrs. Peterson's daughter in the maternity ward, one of the most joyful moments of the marriage must surely have been the birth of their only child, Charles Wendell Colson, on October 16, 1931. To be born during the years of the Depression in one of North Boston's poorer residential districts meant growing up in an environment tinged by economic hardship and food shortages. Although the Colsons never went hungry, because Wendell held down a steady job in the food industry throughout the Depression, many of their neighbors were not so fortunate. One of Charlie's earliest memories was of his mother cooking subsistence meals for people down the street who had nothing to eat, and of giving away her best coats to unemployed women who were cold in winter.
Wartime memories also loomed large in the Colson boyhood. He was ten years old when Pearl Harbor was attacked, and he remembers how fear stalked the streets of Boston in 1942-43 over expected Japanese or German bombing raids and submarine attacks. His father was appointed an air raid warden with the duty of going out on night patrol to check that everyone in the neighborhood had put blackout curtains over their windows so that enemy pilots could not see any lights on the ground. Charlie himself contributed to the war effort at the age of eleven, when he organized a schoolboy house-to-house collection to buy a jeep for the U.S. Army. As the leader of this fund-raising campaign, Charlie sold his model aircraft collection to swell the coffers, and was chosen to hand over the check to an army officer--an event recorded for posterity by a photograph published in the Boston Globe.
Also recorded for posterity was an early example of Colson's talent for public speaking and fund-raising. In the course of the campaign for collecting donations to the jeep fund, Charlie addressed his fellow sixth-grade classmates with a speech whose pencil-written text has survived in his family archives. "What I am about to say I want to be assured as a plea not as an offer," began the eleven-year-old orator. "There will be no reward for your donations and work, nothing but the satisfaction of knowing that you are helping our boys. . .
"The war now rests on the shoulders of the American people. If the people of the conquered countries had another chance they would gladly give their money, their homes, yes, even their lives. We, the people of the United States, are the avenging sword of freedom destined to liberate the impressed [sic] world. This can be our destiny if we give this cause our fullest cooperation."
Although a little flamboyant for an audience of ten- and eleven-year-old schoolboys, Colson's first speech displayed some early promise of political leadership. It also revealed some early skills in the art of news management, since a version of the text appeared in the Boston Herald. Even to have attempted such an address while in sixth grade suggests a certain precociousness. This may have stemmed from the self-assurance that came from his overprotected home life as an only child. The privations of the Depression followed by the uncertainties and food rationing of the war were the ostensible reasons why Dizzy did not have any more babies. Her decision may also have been influenced by the exceptional pain she suffered in childbirth from her son's high forceps delivery. Like many an offspring without siblings, Charlie was cosseted by his parents. Yet his mother's cosseting seemed negative because she was excessively critical and overbearing in her maternal attentions. By contrast, his father was a more positive source of support and encouragement. Described by a contemporary as "the straightest of straight arrows . . . a lovable, kind old bear of a man with a wonderfully calm and easygoing tolerance which he sure needed to cope with Diz," Wendell was the rock on which his son's character was built. For Chuck, as his father preferred to call him, absorbed his core values from his dad and regarded him as a role model of diligence, dedication to the job, and patriotic duty.
In spite of the paternal emphasis on these values, Chuck grew up with a well-tuned appreciation of the absurd. Both his parents had a keen sense of humor, especially Wendell, who loved playing practical jokes within the family. This was a peculiarity that Chuck inherited. His boyhood was packed with slapstick episodes, such as letting off stink bombs in movie theaters, pulling away the legs of the hall table in a country club in order to leave a hapless cousin holding an unsupported surface laden with silverware, and hiding snowballs in the caps of train drivers. This humorous activity went deeper than the syndrome of "Boys will be boys," for as later chapters will show, Chuck's penchant for juvenile capers lasted long into adulthood. The child that was father to the man had a strong streak of comic, as well as serious, energy within him.
Perhaps the most serious legacy of his childhood was a reverence for academic achievement. Chuck was deeply impressed, when he was eight years old, at going to watch his father receive his degree from Northeastern Law School, formally dressed in gown and mortarboard. That graduation ceremony, and the long hours at night school he knew had preceded it, imprinted on Chuck a highly developed sense of the importance of education. | <urn:uuid:a05b15a0-13a4-41f4-a3da-d9ee84f24331> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.christianbookpreviews.com/christian-book-excerpt.php?isbn=1578565103 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00093-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986117 | 3,194 | 1.796875 | 2 |
beeswax(redirected from beeswaxes)
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Mind your own beeswax.
to mind one's own business. (Juvenile.) You just mind your own beeswax! Lay off! Mind your own beeswax!
none of someone's beeswax
Inf. none of someone's business. (Jocular.) It's none of your beeswax. I'm not telling. You'll never know. The answer is none of your beeswax.
none of your beeswax(American & Australian informal)
an impolite way of saying that you do not want someone to know about your private life 'So where the heck have you been?' 'None of your beeswax!'
none of one's business
Not one's concern, as in How much I earn is none of your business. This expression employs business in the sense of "one's affairs," a usage dating from about 1600. (Also see mind one's own business.) A slangy, jocular variant from about 1930 is none of one's beeswax. The related verb phrase have no business is used to indicate that one should not meddle or interfere, as in He has no business discussing the will with outsiders.
mind your own beeswax(...ˈbizwæks)
tv. to mind one’s own business. (Juvenile.) Lay off! Mind your own beeswax!
none of someone’s beeswax(...ˈbizwæks)
n. none of someone’s business. It’s none of your beeswax. I’m not telling.
mind your own beeswax
A euphemism for “mind your own business.” Since “mind their own business” sounds harsh, if not impolite, the close-sounding word “beeswax” was substituted. Those to whom the remark was directed might still get their noses out of joint, but somewhat less so than if the word had been “business.” An interesting, although fanciful, piece of folk etymology tells us that American colonial women stood over a kettle and stirred wax to make candles. If they didn't pay attention, the wax or fire might burn their hair and clothing. Someone who let her concentration wander would be reminded to “mind your own beeswax.” | <urn:uuid:f40786d5-1109-43d0-b1af-d546cb6bc698> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/beeswaxes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00366-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956143 | 517 | 1.9375 | 2 |
This joint seminar is dedicated to the remembrance of the victims of the 1938 "Kristallnacht". Teachers from 21 EU countries and students who have been involved in outstanding projects on preventing racism, antisemitism and xenophobia will attend. The aim is to equip teachers with tools and techniques, and to encourage projects on Holocaust remembrance and human rights education.
Advancing awareness on the Holocaust goes hand in hand with raising awareness on fundamental rights. The history of anti-Semitism and Holocaust shows the tragic consequences of a gradual and increasing denial of human rights. At the beginning, Jews were denied social and economic rights, such as the freedom to choose an occupation, or the right to property. Later, civil and political rights, such as freedom of thought and expression were abused, and in the end Jews paid with their lives when their most fundamental rights were brutally and systematically squashed - the right to human dignity, the prohibition of torture or the prohibition of slavery and forced labour, and ultimately the violation of the right to life.
"Education plays a key role in helping future generations realise the dangers of human rights violations. It is vital that young people learn from the Holocaust and are empowered to shape an inclusive society, based on respect for diversity and the protection and promotion of fundamental rights. Holocaust was a human-made tragedy - it is up to humans to fight any developments in a similar direction. Political leaders, governments and society at large must remain determined in their stance against all forms of racist hatred", Morten Kjaerum concluded.
FRA Media Team
Tel: +43 (1) 580 30 642
Background information on "Kristallnacht":
The 1938 Night of Pogrom "Kristallnacht" was a pogrom in Nazi Germany on 9-10 November 1938. Within a few hours, "Kristallnacht" saw the destruction of more than 200 Synagogues, and tens of thousands of Jewish businesses and homes. Hundreds of persons were murdered or driven to death. That night marked the beginning of the systematic extermination of Jews and served as a prelude to the Holocaust.
Background information on FRA:
- FRA is a body of the European Union. It was established in March 2007 and is based in Vienna. The Agency has three key functions: to collect information and data on fundamental rights; to provide advice to the EU and its Member States; and to promote dialogue with civil society in order to raise public awareness of fundamental rights. FRA continues to monitor racist and anti-Semitic incidents in the European Union.
- FRA's Annual Report 2008 (June 2008) provides ample evidence that discriminatory behaviour and racist violence persist across the EU. On the evolution of anti-Semitism in the EU, check the FRA update report "Anti-Semitism Summary overview of the situation in the European Union 2001-2007" (January 2008) (PDF)
- In the past, FRA and Yad Vashem have brought together Austrian pupils to speak, via video conference, with holocaust survivors in Israel and conducted follow up classes with the pupils to link the significance of Holocaust to human rights violations.
Background information on Yad Vashem:
Yad Vashem, in Jerusalem, is the Jewish people's memorial to the murdered Six Million. Containing the world's largest repository of information on the Holocaust, Yad Vashem is a leader in Shoah education, commemoration, research and documentation. Yad Vashem has been entrusted with documenting the history of the Jewish people during the Holocaust period, preserving the memory and story of each of the six million victims, and imparting the legacy of the Holocaust for generations to come through its archives, library, school, museums and recognition of the Righteous Among the Nations.
For more information see: http://www.yadvashem.org/ | <urn:uuid:fb92a5a9-c0bf-40ea-b904-b05cffcfd044> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://fra.europa.eu/en/press-release/2008/70-years-after-1938-night-pogrom-we-must-continue-teach-lessons-holocaust | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00201-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936649 | 772 | 4.125 | 4 |
Infants with truncus arteriosus must have surgery. Multiple procedures or surgeries may be necessary, especially as your child grows. Medications may be given before surgery to help improve the health of the heart.
Medications that may be prescribed before surgery may include:
- Diuretics. Often called water pills, diuretics increase the frequency and volume of urination, preventing fluid from collecting in the body, which is a common effect of heart failure.
- Ionotropic agents. This type of medication strengthens the heart's contractions.
Most infants with truncus arteriosus have surgery within the first few weeks after being born. The exact procedure will depend on your baby's condition. Most commonly your baby's surgeon will:
- Close the hole between the two ventricles with a patch
- Separate the upper portion of the pulmonary artery from the single large vessel
- Implant a tube (conduit) and valve to connect the right ventricle with the upper portion of the pulmonary artery — creating a new, complete pulmonary artery
- Reconstruct the single large vessel and aorta to create a new, complete aorta
After corrective surgery, your child will need lifelong follow-up care with a cardiologist to monitor his or her heart health. The cardiologist may recommend that your child limit physical activity, particularly intense competitive sports.
Your child will need to take antibiotics before dental procedures and other surgical procedures to prevent infections.
Because the artificial conduit does not grow with your child, follow-up surgeries to replace the conduit valve are necessary as he or she gets older. Newer surgical procedures use a cardiac catheter inserted into a blood vessel in the leg that is then threaded slowly up to the heart to replace the conduit without the need for traditional heart surgery.
In addition, cardiac catheterization with an inflatable balloon tip can be used to open up an obstructed or narrowed artery, which may delay the need for follow-up surgery.
Women who've had surgery to repair truncus arteriosus in infancy need to be evaluated by a cardiologist with expertise in adult congenital heart defects and an obstetrician specializing in high-risk pregnancies before attempting to become pregnant.
Depending on the level of lung damage that occurred before surgery, pregnancy may or may not be recommended. In addition, some drugs taken for heart problems can be harmful to an unborn baby.
Oct. 01, 2015
- Bonow RO, et al. Diseases of the heart, pericardium and pulmonary vasculature bed. In: Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2015. http://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Sept. 7, 2015.
- Kouchoukos NT, et al. Truncus arteriosus. In: Kirklin/Barratt-Boyes Cardiac Surgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2013. http://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Sept. 7, 2015.
- Facts about truncus arteriosus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/heartdefects/truncusarteriosus.html. Accessed Sept. 7, 2015.
- Soriano B, et al. Truncus arteriosus. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Sept. 7, 2015.
- Moore KL, et al. Cardiovascular system. In: The Developing Human. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2016. http://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Sept. 7, 2015.
- Congenital heart defects and CCHD. March of Dimes. http://www.marchofdimes.org/baby/congenital-heart-defects.aspx. Accessed Sept. 8, 2015.
- Truncus arteriosus. American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/CongenitalHeartDefects/AboutCongenitalHeartDefects/Truncus-Arteriosus_UCM_307040_Article.jsp. Accessed Sept. 7, 2015.
- Guidance for preventing birth defects. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/prevention.html. Accessed Sept. 9, 2015. | <urn:uuid:5b21a438-4db7-49bd-969b-675e2a566ce2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/truncus-arteriosus/basics/treatment/con-20024974?footprints=mine | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00298-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.829422 | 940 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Korthase added the intent of the screenings is to identify children who have the potential to develop cardiovascular problems at some point in their lives. With early detection of such predispositions, health workers are able to do additional follow-up screenings as the students grow, and, hopefully, encourage the proper diet and exercise to combat health concerns later in life.
"What we're trying to do, and I think we've been pretty successful, is get the kids aware of their health," said Tanya Bromley, health educator with NMHF. "We want to increase awareness in the school systems. Health doesn't start when they get older; it actually starts right now."
Each student who participated in the screenings - held at GIS, St. Mary Cathedral School and Otsego Christian School - made their way through the process, beginning with having a heart-rate monitor attached to their bodies. The next stop was a blood pressure, pulse, height, weight and body mass check. A finger poke and a blood sample tested the students' cholesterol and glucose levels.
Students then got to step up and test their cardiovascular health by exercising with the heart-rate monitor attached. During the seven-minute workout, their heart rates were recorded every minute and then at the end. "If they appear to be in stress, we stop them," said Korthase. "Typically, they all do well."
After their aerobic workout, a healthy breakfast of yogurt, granola bars and muffins was served, emphasizing the overall theme of the screenings. Each student who participated received a T-shirt, evidence - along with the brightly colored bandage on their fingers - that they "survived" the screening.
Even after the health screenings were complete, it wasn't the end of the hospitals' roles in encouraging a healthy lifestyle among the young people. Once the results of all tests are tabulated, the nine pages of confidential findings will be sent home to parents, and the schools receive a statewide comparison of the overall health of their students. Follow-up calls are made to the parents of any children who are shown to have one or more risk factors.
Health educators return to the classrooms to talk about the comparisons in terms the students are more likely to understand. "We want to reinforce what they're doing right," said Korthase.
Bromley noted the presentations are not intended to raise concern, but instead to inform the students and to teach them simple things they can do to maintain a healthy lifestyle. "We relate everything back to the screening and explain the different things that happen," said Bromley. "Everyone's very pleased about it." | <urn:uuid:a2ee2a44-449b-469f-88f1-b07c5e8eed67> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://articles.petoskeynews.com/2001-10-29/health-screenings_24063832 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00244-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979941 | 536 | 2.703125 | 3 |
In 2015, as many as 15,867 cases of dengue were reported in Delhi. A case of dengue has been reported from Okhla area of the national capital, reported an official.
"A child aged between five to six years from Ekhan locality of Okhla was diagnosed with dengue and is being treated at AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences)," South Delhi Municipal Corporation (SDMC) spokesperson Mukesh Yadav told IANS.
‘A case of dengue has been reported from Okhla area of the national capital, reported a South Delhi Municipal Corporation official.’
AdvertisementYadav said that the SDMC has taken measures to create awareness about the mosquito-borne disease that claimed 60 lives in the city in 2015, as per data from the health ministry. | <urn:uuid:023ea511-5894-4ebf-8dbf-83e7ea12cd07> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.medindia.net/news/new-dengue-case-reported-in-delhis-okhla-south-delhi-municipal-corporation-159226-1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00239-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969732 | 172 | 1.617188 | 2 |
The first in a series of emergency spacewalks to fix a cooling system failure on the International Space Station went off without a hitch Saturday morning.
In fact, it went so well that the two spacewalkers, NASA astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Michael Hopkins, were able to get a headstart on some of the tasks planned for their next spacewalk scheduled for Monday.
The emergency spacewalks were arranged last week to fix a problem with a pump in one of the space station's two external ammonia cooling loops that help keep instruments both inside and outside the station from overheating.
The space station uses ammonia in its external cooling loops, but it’s far too toxic to use in the loops inside the station; the internal ones use water instead. But if the ammonia gets too cold, it could freeze the water from the internal system in its pipes. As the water turns into ice, it expands and could crack the pipes, allowing ammonia to enter and poison the system.
After manipulating a problematic valve for several days to see if they could find a solution, NASA officials made the decision to send Mastracchio and Hopkins out into space to replace the refrigerator-sized pump with one of three spares located outside the space station.
Saturday's spacewalk was the first of three planned to remove and replace the pump. The other two are scheduled for Monday and Wednesday. However, Mastracchio and Hopkins were so efficient that the agency said the final spacewalk on Christmas Day may not be necessary.
Saturday's spacewalk began at 4:01 a.m. PST and lasted five hours and 28 minutes -- about one hour less than NASA had originally anticipated. With Mastracchio attached to the end of the ISS's 57-foot robotic arm, the two astronauts disconnected four ammonia fluid lines from the pump module and attached them to a pump module jumper box that will help keep the ammonia in a liquid state.
Since they were so far ahead of schedule, Mission Control in Houston told the two astronauts to go ahead and tackle the first of Monday's tasks -- removing the old pump module and storing it temporarily out of the way.
In the photo gallery above you can see Mastracchio holding the 780-pound pump as flight engineer Koichi Wakata inside the space station guides the robotic arm into place.
Do you love space? Me too. Follow me on Twitter for more like this. | <urn:uuid:edda99d2-7ffc-4077-9224-631411677111> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.chicagotribune.com/la-sci-sn-spacewalk-success-iss-20131221-story.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00509-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952725 | 492 | 2.4375 | 2 |
In the fourteenth century, utilizing description, narration, and details, Geoffrey Chaucer depicts an array of characters in his renowned piece, "Canterbury Tales". Chaucer's stories have survived the test of time and today are considered masterpieces. During the fourteenth centuries noble men exercising their literacy, read many stories. Yet, many women during the fourteenth century lacked literacy and therefore heard many stories from wandering players and troubadours who added entertainment to their monotonous and dreary, lives. Chaucer reads and hears many of these stories and writes them down. Chaucer demonstrated excellence by connecting the stories with the tellers. These tellers, in their attitudes and mannerisms, represent people who would know and tell the specific story. Two such characters are the Knight who represents courtly love and the Miller who represents the reality of love.
Chaucer, in his "Prologue of the Canterbury Tales", describes the Knight as, "Truly a perfect gentle knight," (Chaucer, 98).
He, "followed chivalry, truth, honor, generosity, and courtesy," (Chaucer, 98). The Knight never makes rude and uncouth comments, for he "never yet a boorish thing had said," (Chaucer, 98). The Knight in his complete perfection tells a tale of courtly love, which contains all the details, and sanguinity of a perfect match, ideal love, and the ultimate respect towards lovers. Contrasting the Knight's ideal perspective upon love follows the Miller with his physical emphasis.
The Miller, "a great stout fellow big in brawn and bone," (Chaucer, 107), tells a tale of physical love. Moreover, "The Miller's Tale" shows the reality of love. The Miller's grotesque mannerisms qualify him as "a wrangler and a buffoon," (Chaucer 107). Chaucer creates a character with boisterous traits embedded in his personality. These traits allowed Chaucer to create an unruly man commonly associated with drinking. The Miller enlightens his fellow travelers with a, | <urn:uuid:0b0ba6dc-221b-4ca1-ad14-d29826eb1491> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.writework.com/essay/essay-chaucer-s-canterbury-tales | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00245-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96695 | 429 | 3.6875 | 4 |
Arthur; For The Birds; War Of The Worms
D-Beta, green label broadcast master, mix tracks. “For the Birds” and “War of the Worms.”
More material is available from this program at the WGBH Archive. If you are a researcher interested in accessing the collection at WGBH, please email email@example.com.
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- For The Birds; War Of The Worms
- Program Number
1204; 151A; 1207; 151B
- Series Description
Each of the Arthur episodes consists of two independent stories that focus on themes and events central to children's lives. Whether it's facing down a bully, worrying about a new teacher, or being the very last person on earth to lose his baby teeth, Arthur and his friends manage to solve their third-grade dilemmas with imagination, kindness and a lot of humor. "What children love about Arthur is that he feels real to them," says Carol Greenwald, WGBH executive producer. "The emotions he experiences are universal. When Arthur triumphs over something, kids think they can, too. "The series will build on that sense of empowerment by showing how Arthur and his friends use effective, age-appropriate, problem-solving skills. Bringing a book-based series like Arthur to public television will also promote reading and writing skills. Series release date: 10/1996
- Program Description
See individual titles for additional assets:
"For the Birds" Brain dreams of being the first to spot a rare bird species called the green-tailed grebe. When Mr. Ratburn starts a bird-watching club at school, Brain is panicked! What if someone finds the grebe first and ruins his chances at fame and fortune? Or, can Brain learn that nature is a gift meant for everyone to share?
War Of The Worms: Brain is always taking the fun out of Fern's storytelling by correcting her facts. She decides to teach him a lesson by spinning a tall tale that he can't help but believe. But things gets out of hand, when Fern convinces Brain that there really are giant worms attacking Elwood City!
- Asset Type
- Media Type
- Social Issues
- Greenwald, Carol (Series Producer)
- CINAR (Series Producer)
- Chicago: “Arthur; For The Birds; War Of The Worms,” 02/25/2010, WGBH Media Library & Archives, accessed January 20, 2017, http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_B76DF4A5D2C343D5B7004A396E8D0A9A.
- MLA: “Arthur; For The Birds; War Of The Worms.” 02/25/2010. WGBH Media Library & Archives. Web. January 20, 2017. <http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_B76DF4A5D2C343D5B7004A396E8D0A9A>.
- APA: Arthur; For The Birds; War Of The Worms. Boston, MA: WGBH Media Library & Archives. Retrieved from http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_B76DF4A5D2C343D5B7004A396E8D0A9A | <urn:uuid:dcc0621d-8262-4dc4-8b7f-78b6d0ae27dd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_B76DF4A5D2C343D5B7004A396E8D0A9A | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00202-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91555 | 735 | 2.375 | 2 |
Immigration Clinic Law Students Provide Legal Representation to Afghani Asylum-Seekers
U of A School of Law students partnered with Catholic Charities of Arkansas in Little Rock to provide representation to four asylum-seekers from Afghanistan this year. Since August 2022, roughly 75,000 have been given permission to live in the United States, at least temporarily, and many may be eligible for asylum.
The project was part of the students' work in the Immigration Clinic, one of six clinic opportunities available to law students as part of the School of Law Legal Clinic.
Working in teams, Immigration Clinic students interviewed and screened clients for asylum eligibility, prepared applications for asylum, organized evidence and filed applications with the New Orleans Sub-Office of the U.S. Citizenship & Immigration Services.
"My experience over the past two semesters in the Immigration Clinic has been both humbling and gratifying," said Gus Mettler, Advanced Immigration Clinic student. "Preparing asylum applications and seeing first-hand evidence as to how Afghan citizens are being persecuted has been an incredibly eye-opening experience. I am thankful to our clinic clients who have trusted me enough with their stories to be able to file applications on their behalf, and I am thankful for the opportunity to help where I can."
"The experience for the students of both working with asylum-seekers and seeing the real-life consequences of current events could not be more valuable," said Nathan Bogart, visiting director of the Immigration Clinic. "The practice of law is often helping people navigate needlessly complicated processes for even the most basic necessities. For the clients to be able to receive this help free of charge can be life altering, and we are grateful to them for their trust and to Catholic Charities for being willing to partner with us on this project."
In addition to representing these clients, Immigration Clinic students also staged three naturalization clinics, prepared and performed a mock asylum hearing, heard from several guest speakers working in the field of immigration law and managed a diverse caseload, including U visas, family petitions, removal proceedings and Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals applications.
"The practical experience I have acquired in the Immigration Clinic has been invaluable to me," said Sydney Adams, Advanced Immigration Clinic student. "Everything I have done during my time in the clinic, from class discussions in the seminar to meeting with clients, has helped me grow both personally and professionally. It is not very often that you get an opportunity to learn in such a hands-on manner, and I feel extremely fortunate to have been afforded such."
The law school Legal Clinic was first directed by then-professor Hillary Rodham Clinton in 1975 to give students hands-on skills training by representing real clients in real-life legal situations and to provide a free and much needed service to Northwest Arkansas. Clinic students practice law under the close supervision of a full-time faculty member. Learn more about the training and experience offered to students in the School of Law Legal Clinics and the critical legal services the program provides to the community.
About the School of Law: The law school offers a competitive J.D. as well as an advanced LL.M. program, which are taught by nationally recognized faculty. The school offers unique opportunities for students to participate in pro bono work, externships, live client clinics, competitions, and food and agriculture initiatives. The school strives to identify, discuss, and challenge issues of race, color, ethnicity, and the impact(s) they have on students, faculty, and staff members in an effort to achieve a diverse, inclusive, and equitable community. From admitting the Six Pioneers who were the first African American students to attend law school in the South without a court order to graduating governors, judges, prosecutors, and faculty who went on to become President of the United States and Secretary of State, the law school has a rich history and culture. Follows us at @uarklaw.
Panhellenic Bid Day will take place at 10 a.m. Saturday in the Chi Omega Greek Theatre and will be broadcast live on the Greek Life Facebook page. Several streets will be closed during the event.
Tristen Avent, Casey Arnold, Mason Castner, Maria Carolina and Juan Camilo Velasquez won top honors at the Southern Weed Contest earlier this month.
The College of Engineering holds summer camps on campus and across the state to show students what goes on in the world of engineering. They're also a lot of fun.
The U of A Press is pleased to announce that the 2023 Miller Williams Poetry Prize has been awarded to writer and educator Shaina Phenix by series editor Patricia Smith.
The Student Success Center continues to offer a high-impact network of resources and programming to ensure you have access to the opportunities you may need to thrive on campus. Stop by and visit. | <urn:uuid:bf62634b-e926-47c2-9e5e-4f7810ec5acd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.uark.edu/articles/59817/immigration-clinic-law-students-provide-legal-representation-to-afghani-asylum-seekers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.970816 | 986 | 1.742188 | 2 |
If you stop in a restaurant and order a spicy Southwestern dish and are asked if you want red or green, then chances are good you're in New Mexico.
It's a common question at restaurants throughout the state and refers specifically to whether you prefer green or red chili peppers (or sauce) with your meal. The customary and accepted response to the question is usually either green, red or Christmas, the later meaning you prefer both.
What this means, as if you didn't know, is that when it comes to chili peppers, New Mexico is King. It's the state's favorite, and almost its biggest, farm product. Only New Mexico's famous pecan and alfalfa crops keep pace with chili peppers when it comes to popularity.
Once a closely guarded secret, word has gotten out, especially about the green Hatch chili pepper grown in the southern part of the state, and tens of thousands of brand new chili pepper fans have cropped up outside of the enchanted borders of New Mexico.
"The Hatch green chili is growing in popularity far and wide," said Chris Biad of Biad Chili Company of Messilla Park, New Mexico. "This year, with the help of a dear friend, we sent Vice President Joe Biden some roasted green chili, and last year we sent samples to various members of Congress."
It must have worked. For the first time ever, a pair of Washington, DC, grocers ordered green Hatch chili peppers this month and actually roasted them in front of their store. The word is, they sold like hot cakes.
"The Hatch green chili is growing in popularity rapidly, and demand is growing," Biad said.
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Along with his brother Mike, the family-owned business wholesales large volumes of smoked green chili peppers to a number of customers in states across the nation. It all started when senior members of the Biad family picked up roots in Brooklyn and headed west to New Mexico where they settled in Hatch and started farming in pursuit "of the American dream."
"We are well into harvest now and for most growers, it looks like a very good year," Biad said. "We were forced to use groundwater this year instead of river water for irrigation, but while it has been more costly, it has helped in terms of timely watering of the crop. For most growers, I would say, it is turning out to be a productive year."
Timely rains didn't hurt
Recent rains also helped. The way it stands now, Biad says harvest should be complete in 3 to 4 weeks.
"We had a big onion crop this year and many farm workers are still harvesting that crop. But we are well underway and we are adding more farm workers every week to help get the chili crop in," Biad added.
Water and labor are the two major problems the chili pepper industry faces every year according to growers. Competition from foreign grown chili peppers and the possibility of plant disease are the other two major factors to consider in growing New Mexico peppers, Biad says.
"We're hoping for immigration reform that includes a meaningful farm worker program, but because harvesting chili is labor intensive, that remains a major concern for not just this year and next, but for years going forward.
"Foreign competition provides pressure some years and other years it's not so bad. But not finding people to work when the crop is ready to come out of the fields—that can be a real problem."
At first glance, it would appear that the state's chili pepper production is falling. Certainly far fewer acres are being planted now than last decade. But New Mexico State University's James Libbin, an agriculture economics expert, says advances in farming technology have increased yields on fewer acres.
In addition, the increasing popularity and demand for green chili peppers is being aided by new chili pepper farms in West Texas and even Arizona. Libbin argues that nearby farms that produce green chili, like those just across the line in Texas, are at least in the same area, but he admits competition from farther abroad has been and can remain a major problem for local growers.
But ask any New Mexicans or a growing number of Texans where the best green chili peppers are grown and most will quickly tell you "in Hatch."
Last year the New Mexico legislature adopted a bill that prevented the word "Hatch" to be included on labels of any product that did not originate in New Mexico. Growers from around Hatch say that bill didn't go far enough because, in their opinion, other peppers grown in other areas of the state are still no match for "real" Hatch chili peppers.
Not everyone in the state agrees, but in addition to a quality product, there is little doubt that Hatch area growers have done a good job "selling" their brand. Central Markets (and parent company H.E.B Food Stores) is hosting another Hatch Chile Festival in their chain of Texas outlets this month, as they have for the last several years. Not only are fresh green Hatch chili peppers roasted in front of their participating stores, but a number of products containing Hatch chili peppers are featured.
"It's like the smells and flavors of Santa Fe," remarked one H.E.B. store customer on the Texas coast this week. "We can't wait for Hatch chile [chili peppers] to arrive and the roasting to begin."
Biad said next year could prove to be a more challenging year for the New Mexico chili pepper industry though.
"For one, we haven't gotten the rain to refill our reservoirs or to replenish our groundwater supply, so unless it rains a lot soon, that may be a major obstacle," he said.
Salem-based Grower Jerry Franzoy agrees, but says of greatest concern is whether there will be enough farm labor to harvest a crop next year. He says stricter immigration enforcement by federal authorities has cut down on the number of Mexican immigrants who cross into the U.S. and achieve residency status, and that labor force is needed if the industry is to survive.
"If something doesn't happen soon, we're going to be in trouble for picking chili," he said, referring to stalled immigration legislation in Washington.
Biad says most New Mexicans are not willing to work harvesting chili peppers and says migrant workers represent the only hope until technology can devise a way green chili peppers can be harvested safely like their red chili pepper counterparts.
"Advances are being made in developing a green chili picker and a machine for de-stemming them as well," adds Biad. | <urn:uuid:29cb9445-77d4-49ac-8e1d-0fcc2c1647b1> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://southwestfarmpress.com/print/vegetables/hatch-chili-harvest-underway-new-mexico?page=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719416.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00365-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965704 | 1,359 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Note: The Many Shades of Gay campaign ran from June 2012 to October 2014, and engaged users’ creativity and personal expression to build awareness about the importance of regular HIV screening. With over 10,000 personalized avatars created throughout the campaign, the campaign was successful in pioneering digital social media to prevent HIV and increase testing efforts. Please explore our website to learn about our current initiatives.
We have made tremendous progress in recent years to reduce new HIV infections, here in San Francisco and nationwide. But with infection rates still on the rise among gay and bisexual men—the only risk group for which this is the case—we know we can do better. That’s why we are proud to introduce an innovative new public health campaign to encourage gay and bisexual men to test regularly for HIV and make frequent HIV testing the social norm.
The campaign is called “Many Shades of Gay.” It celebrates the diversity of the gay community while focusing on one simple message: No matter what you’re into, get an HIV test every six months.
At the heart of the effort is an interactive and educational website that invites users to create a personalized avatar—a tiny, digital version of themselves. Described as “the most robust avatar generator ever built,” it contains literally billions of customization options, including wardrobe, accessories, tattoos, and piercings—allowing gay and bisexual men to create an avatar as conservative or campy as they desire.
Once an avatar is created, it informs the user about the importance of regular HIV testing and helps them to find the nearest testing location. The website allows users to opt in to receive reminders via email or text from their avatar when it’s time to get another HIV test. Guys who create an avatar are invited to keep the campaign going by sharing it through social media channels and inviting friends to join the effort.
The site also includes a channel for HIV-positive guys, which provides health information and resources to connect them to HIV treatment and care. Studies show that early detection and treatment of HIV can dramatically reduce a person’s chances of spreading the virus to someone else.
We invite you to take a moment for some creative fun. Make and share an avatar at www.manyshadesofgay.org. It’s simple and easy, and your efforts will help us change the way we think about HIV testing in our community.
Have you made an avatar? What do you think of the campaign? Have you recommended it to your friends and family?
The best way to fight HIV is to know your status. A simple test can determine if you are infected with the virus.
Our diverse programs help thousands of people every year. From testing to prevention to care, our services assist communities where need is greatest. | <urn:uuid:6bf652ec-cabc-4cbe-86ac-09a8827e7a28> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sfaf.org/hiv-info/hot-topics/from-the-experts/many-shades-of-gay.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00091-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937908 | 569 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Quite often I find myself surfing the Internet looking for student examples and demonstrations for my students. When my 3rd graders started making posters for their online safety project, I searched for motivational and campaign posters. When my fifth graders were creating their Explorer Baseball Cards, I tried to find as many baseball card images to show them. So when it came time for my 4th graders to create podcasts I wanted them to actually hear what they were going to be doing.
I went to the REMC11 Wiki, a site maintained by one of our local educational service agencies. The results were fantastic, and finding all of the podcast resources I could use, had no reason to search further (although I’m positive there are plenty of more great resources out there). While looking through the resources on the REMC’s Producing Podcasts page, I found a number of both teacher and student created examples of podcasts, but the most rewarding by far was the link to Radio WillowWeb: Podcasts for Kids, by Kids. Not only were there terrific podcasts from elementary students at Willowdale School in Omaha, NE, but there were also links to podcasts from other elementary and middle schools. I figured since I meet and work with educators on a daily basis that have yet to experience what a podcast is, it might be helpful to someone if I shared them with a larger audience than just my 4th graders.
It was nice to see, or rather hear, from a wide range of age groups at Willowdale School. There’s obviously something fantastic going on there with students from every grade level podcasting. It was also a treat to see that Mr. Jaffe, a middle school teacher in Warrington, PA has his students hard at work on a montly radio program that covers topics from Ancient Egypt to novels that are being read in class like Hatchet. There are many more podcasts and classroom than just the couple that I mentioned, so it’s well worth a quick look and/or listen over at the Radio WillowWeb site. Or simply, click any of the images in the post to be taken directly to that school’s podcasts. | <urn:uuid:24629990-bb66-4a9a-ab10-8f86dacc6876> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.techsavvyed.net/archives/302 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.984446 | 440 | 2.890625 | 3 |
We all know that GoogleAdwords is Google’s advertising program where we can create online ads on both its Search Network and the Display Network and reach our target audience. Well, do we know the difference between GoogleAdwords and Adwords Express?
Let’s say that Adwords Express is broadly the little brother of GoogleAdwords, that is, GoogleAdwords is aimed at those companies that have both local, national and international clients, while Adwords Express focuses only and exclusively on local businesses.
GoogleAdwords is aimed at companies that have local, national, and international clients, while Adwords Express focuses solely and exclusively on local businesses.
Adwords management is done autonomously, having full control of the campaign, that is, through Adwords you can, among other actions, create ads, assign a daily budget to the campaign and determine the maximum amount that we are willing to spend per click (maximum CPC). On the contrary, the ads that are carried out through Adwords Express have managed automatically, where we can only do the following:
Another of the differences between Adwords and Adwords Express and that I particularly like is that with Adwords Express it is not necessary to have a website to advertise online, create an account in Google Plus or Google Maps.
The AdWords Express ads are shown in search results and Google Maps with a blue badge,
In terms of geographical orientation, Adwords Express limits its ads to a radius between 24 and 64 km, while both advertising programs do allow mobile advertising.
Now that the term SOLOMON (Social + Location and Mobile) is in vogue, Google Adwords Express ads are an option to advertisement especially for those small businesses that want to advertise on the Internet but do not have time to manage their online campaigns. It is also an advantage for them to know that they only pay for each click they make on the ads, knowing at all times the cost of the investment.
|We only pay for each click||Yes||Yes|
|Automated management||Yes||Do Not|
|Easy solution for companies that do not have a website||Yes||Do Not|
|Ads on the Google Search network||Yes||Yes|
|Ads on other related websites||Limited (Us Only)||Yes|
|Other advanced ad formats (for example, on video)||Do Not||Yes|
|Ability to target ads geographically
Source: Google Adwords Express
|Local (24 to 64 km radius) In any location||Local (24 to 64 km radius) In any location|
In short, Google created Adwords Express to meet the needs of a large mass of small businesses and in the process, expand its line of business.
If you have advertised on GoogleAdwords and Adwords Express, Let us know in comments how it went.
Also, You can find more helpful resources at The Who Blog. | <urn:uuid:ec80d544-7c45-44ed-84e3-540f5d1ab7f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.marketing2business.com/difference-between-googleadwords-and-adwords-express/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.912314 | 626 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Warabi mochi is a one of a kind traditional Japanese dessert. It is a must-try if you like unique desserts like pink mochi. Moreover, it is the perfect summertime treat to beat the heat. You can even enjoy it with your favourite Okinawa pearl milk tea.
This Japanese dessert is easier to make than any other wagashi, needing only a few ingredients. Soft and jelly-like, it is a fun and unique gem that is definitely worth trying. You'll never regret it!
What is warabi mochi?
Warabi mochi is a Japanese dessert traditionally made with bracken starch or warabiko. It is usually dusted with soybean powder (kinako) and drizzled with Japanese brown sugar syrup (kuromitsu).
It has a clean and refreshing look, and people often enjoy it during summer. In addition, this Japanese wagashi is gluten-free and dairy-free. Hence, it is a great dessert option for many, especially health-watchers.
It is a speciality of the Kansai region in Japan but is also popular in other areas such as Okinawa. However, this little treat is not globally famous like the typical mochi we all know. Perhaps it is because the ingredients are not easily found everywhere, especially outside Japan.
Despite being named mochi, it is also quite different from the traditional wagashi made from glutinous rice. In fact, it is only called as such because of the similar squishy texture. This Japanese dessert is not as chewy as traditional mochi and has a jelly-like texture instead. Instead, warabi mochi is translucent, soft, jiggly, and dissolves quickly.
What is warabi?
Warabi is the Japanese term for bracken. It is also known as 'fiddleheads'. Bracken is a type of fern that produces starch from the rhizome. It contains 5% starch extracted by grinding up the roots to make pure bracken starch or hon warabiko.
Hon warabiko is a brown starch that requires storage at room temperature. Japanese stores often sell it in small, perishable clumps at a pretty high price. This is because each bracken rhizome only produces a little powder. Yet, it takes a long time to make it.
Therefore, many Japanese stores would also sell warabi mochiko as an alternative. This option typically consists of other starches such as tapioca or sweet potato starch.
Surprisingly, the mochi itself has a minimal flavour. It is almost tasteless! In fact, it has a similar taste to plain tapioca pearls.
However, the roasted soybean powder gives the Japanese wagashi a unique nutty flavour. It also adds a bit of savouriness to the treat. The brown sugar syrup then compliments the soybean powder amazingly with its sweetness.
Like most Japanese desserts, this wagashi strikes the perfect balance between sweet and savoury. Sometimes, the sweet treat is stuffed with red bean paste inside to add more flavour.
Other than the traditional flavours, the modernised versions are worth trying as well. The new flavours include houjicha and fruity ones such as mango, grapefruit, and pineapple.
Kinako soy bean flour and brown sugar syrup are the classic toppings for this sweet wagashi. Another common and tasty choice is matcha powder. This topping goes well with black honey. If you wish to make Matcha warabi mochi, we recommend using matcha powder as the topping.
Apart from that, you can pair this Japanese confection with all kinds of other toppings. Some famous twists include topping it with Milo powder, coffee powder, and black sesame powder.
Feel free to top it with anything your heart desires if you are making it yourself. Just be creative with the toppings and let each flavour tickle your tastebuds!
A serving of warabi mochi contains about 174 calories. Nutrition-packed and low in calories, it is a snack that you can enjoy guilt-free. So think of this sweet treat whenever you want to satisfy your sugar cravings.
The key ingredients to make this Japanese snack are:
- Hon Warabiko: This is the pure warabi starch to make warabi mochi. It is usually brown but sometimes can be blackish. It is easier to find in Japan, but it is almost impossible to find it outside the country. We recommend getting it if you can to make your Japanese wagashi 100% authentic.
- Tapioca starch: You can save time and energy searching for bracken starch by replacing it with tapioca starch instead. It is usually more reasonably priced and easier to find since most Asian grocery stores have it. However, you cannot substitute it with regular flour or corn starch to make this confection.
- Sugar: We recommend using white granulated sugar since it dissolves quickly. You can also use alternatives such as Stevia to make it less sugary, but it will slightly alter the taste.
- Brown sugar syrup: You can either make your own homemade brown sugar syrup or purchase a ready-made one. We recommend using dark brown sugar to make the kuromitsu from scratch. This is because dark brown sugar contains more molasses. Due to that, it is richer in flavour and is more caramel-like.
- Kinako powder: Roasted soybean powder is known as Kinako in Japanese. However, you might also find it in Asian supermarkets by its Korean name, Konggaru. This ingredient is essential as it contributes to the unique flavour of the dessert. You can get roasted soybean powder online too.
Using warabi bracken starch
Using warabi bracken starch to make warabi mochi will surely give you the authentic taste of the dessert. Unfortunately, there are a few disadvantages. As mentioned before, the ingredient costs a fortune. Moreover, it makes the confection have a very short shelf life, so you have to eat it within a day.
Apart from that, making it is pretty simple. You only have to mix the ingredients and cook them over medium heat. Once cooked, refrigerate for a few minutes. Then, cut it into cubes and sprinkle some kinako all over it.
Using tapioca starch
Otherwise, you can make the sweet treat with tapioca starch. Of course, it won't make the most authentic version of this snack, but it is still a fantastic substitute. Plus, it lasts longer than pure bracken starch so that you can save your dessert for later.
You will also need to heat the tapioca starch to give the treat a chewy texture. Other than that, it tends to accumulate at the bottom. Therefore, be sure to check the bottom constantly and mix thoroughly. The measurements for it are the same as using bracken starch. However, you should note that it will create a slightly different consistency for the dessert.
- Cook the mochi on low or medium heat. This will save the sweet treats from getting burnt!
- Ensure that all ingredients are thoroughly mixed. Constantly stir as you heat the mixture. Doing so will also prevent the dough from burning.
- Cut the dough with a sharp knife and push it straight down instead of cutting it in sawing motion. Otherwise, it will tear the dough and make it stick to the blade. Plus, it would make a mess, and we don't want that!
- Dust your cutting board with kinako before cutting the mochi to prevent it from sticking on the surface. Then, sprinkle more kinako on the top to ensure clean-cut pieces.
- You can use a baking tray if you do not have a cutting board. Layer it with a baking sheet and sprinkle some kinako on the surface beforehand.
- Refrigerate the mochi for about 20-30 minutes before serving to give it the right consistency. So, make sure to Cool it first for the best warabi mochi experience!
Warabi Mochi Recipe
- ¾ cup Hon Warabiko (pure bracken starch)
- ½ cup sugar
- 1 ¾ cup water
- ¼ cup Kinako (roasted soybean flour)
- Kuromitsu (brown sugar syrup)
- Mix the bracken starch, sugar, and water in a medium saucepan.
- Next, heat the mixture until it starts to boil. Reduce the heat and whisk the mixture for 10 minutes or until it is thick and translucent.
- Sprinkle some kinako on a baking sheet and place the cooked mochi on it. Sprinkle more kinako on top of the wagashi and cool it in the refrigerator for 20 minutes.
- Once cooled, take it out of the refrigerator and slice it into ¾ inch cubes. Then, add more kinako all over the cubes.
- Lastly, place the treat on a plate and drizzle some kuromitsu over them. Serve your warabi mochi and enjoy!
- Push the knife straight down instead of sawing when cutting.
- The ratio of sugar and starch is usually equal, but you may reduce the sugar if you wish to use more kuromitsu syrup.
Calories have been calculated using an online calculator. Nutritional information offered on Honest Food Talks is for general information purposes and are only rough estimations.
You couldn’t find any pure bracken starch? No problem as you can use tapioca starch as a substitute to make this tasty treat. KunkinCook on Youtube has a great video recipe showing the whole process from A-to-Z on how to make warabi mochi using tapioca starch.
How did your homemade Japanese treat turn out? Share with us your photos by tagging us on Instagram @honestfoodtalks! | <urn:uuid:feed821f-151f-4fa1-98da-aeaad80b73e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.honestfoodtalks.com/warabi-mochi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.92749 | 2,096 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Ayn Rand/Objectivism Sightings
Free Radical Updates
Local Club Meeting Plans
News & Interesting Links
Experiencing Objectivism through the Reality Model
For discussion, the Reality Model normally falls into a horizontal flow format as shown below.
Like all living organisms, humans have a certain set of basic needs they must have met to continue to exist. Several models of human needs have arisen over the years. Franklin Quest chose to adopt the model of 1950s psychiatrist Dr. Murray Banks, who argued that all humans have four basic categories of needs:
Any guiding principle that provides a sense of certainty about meaning and direction in life meets the definition of a belief. Beliefs act as a person's prearranged, organized filters to his perceptions of the world. Humans form beliefs early in their lives because they are necessary for human survival. People make observations and draw conclusions that should serve them later.
Consider the belief that "a hot stove should not be touched." This belief protects the believer from injuring himself by preventing him from touching the stove, thus satisfying his need to live without pain. Of course, people often form beliefs that do not serve them at all, and in fact frequently harm themselves and their loved ones. Consider the alcoholic who believes that "one drink won't hurt." This addict's self-deception will probably lead him to experience another bout with alcoholism and probably bring emotional hardship to himself and his family. In fact, Smith defines "addiction" as any behavior that produces short-term pleasure at the expense of long-term pain to the addict or those around the addict.
The metaphor used in the Reality Model is that of a "Belief Window", which is basically an invisible "window" hanging in front of a person's face and through which he perceives the world. Each person's window contains written statements of his own beliefs. Outside sensations pass through this window for assignment of meaning, including in many cases a null meaning. Without this belief window, a person would soon go mad from trying to absorb the multitudes of outside sensations bombarding people constantly.
Based on a person's general beliefs, he forms If-Then Rules about what his Behavior should be in a given situation and act accordingly. He then observes the Results he produces and the Feedback given to his brain, which must determine whether the belief satisfied the believer's fundamental Needs. If the answer is "Yes," the belief gets reinforced. Otherwise, the belief erodes. The mental anguish of cognitive dissonance results from attempting to implement two conflicting beliefs in the same situation at the same time. This anguish so unsettles the brain that it will almost always discard the more painful of the two beliefs.
Smith's book provides great detail about the employment of this model and contains wonderful stories about seminar clients who apply it for prompt behavioral changes. One of the natural laws this model reveals states that results take time to measure. History offers lessons to those willing to learn them. Placing widely practiced principles of the past onto the Belief Window of the Reality Model and then testing them intellectually provide instant lessons and insight into how ideas and philosophy influence history. Likewise, one can test one's Governing Values to learn whether they affirm or deny one's own unique Needs as a human being over time.
A future article will examine how to implement beliefs properly in a social context.
Discuss this Article (20 messages) | <urn:uuid:ffdb3879-b1b4-4798-89c3-08e2ac0167a9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://rebirthofreason.com/Articles/Setzer/Experiencing_Objectivism_through_the_Reality_Model.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00276-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940957 | 684 | 2.875 | 3 |
Associations to the word «Fiend»
FIEND, noun. (obsolete) An enemy, unfriend, or foe.
FIEND, noun. (religious) (archaic) The enemy of mankind, specifically, the Devil; Satan.
FIEND, noun. A devil or demon; a malignant or diabolical being; an evil spirit.
FIEND, noun. A very evil person
FIEND, noun. (informal) An addict or fanatic
FIEND, noun. A cruel wicked and inhuman person.
FIEND, noun. An evil supernatural being.
FIEND, noun. A person motivated by irrational enthusiasm (as for a cause); "A fanatic is one who can't change his mind and won't change the subject"--Winston Churchill.
Every day we should hear at least one little song, read one good poem, see one exquisite picture, and, if possible, speak a few sensible words. | <urn:uuid:35614957-225c-436a-a9ab-f2f8a6b5c75a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wordassociations.net/en/words-associated-with/Fiend | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.715941 | 430 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Contract awarded for acquisition of atracurium
com/research/krct6f/investigation) has announced the addition of the "Investigation Report on China's Atracurium
Market, 2010-2019" report to their offering.
Authors (Aps & O'Sullivan, 1987) describe a patient undergoing cardiac surgery under general anesthesia combined with incremental doses of atracurium
extubated on the morning after surgery, yet soon reintubated, with fully successful extubation performed after further 24 hours.
At least 15 children died in Idlib this summer when they were given a measles vaccine that included Atracurium
, a muscle relaxant that was not supposed to be mixed with the vaccine.
A preliminary investigation by the National Coalition found atracurium
was given to the children instead of a solution used to mix measles vaccines.
All of the samples were in the same conditions after preparation and complete monitoring of induction of general anesthesia and were received pre-operative sedation of Midazolam and Fentanyl and were injected Thiopental Sodium and Atracurium
The incidence and mechanisms of pharyngeal and upper esophageal dysfunction in partially paralyzed humans: pharyngeal videoradiography and simultaneous manometry after atracurium
besilate and mivacurium chloride cause dose-dependent histamine release, but it is not certain whether this causes clinical deterioration.
Use of sufentanil and atracurium
anesthesia in a patient with acute porphyria undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
Among the newer agents, mivacurium and atracurium
have been reported to stimulate the most histamine release.
Neuromuscular blocking medications include sucinylcholine, vecuronium, or atracurium
complemented by the administration of nitrous oxide.
and pheochromocytoma: a report of three cases. | <urn:uuid:84c11c3a-3f6a-4028-a58e-5a16e7ee957f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/atracurium | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718426.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00137-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918109 | 407 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Which Joe gave his name to ‘sloppy joes’? We look at five interesting sandwiches and their lexical origins.
A subatomic particle classified as having a nonzero value for strangeness.
- ‘The model explained this by proposing that the strange particles carry a (slightly unstable) strange quark, while the non-strange particles do not.’
- ‘We now know that protons and pions are made up of up and down quarks, while these ‘strange particles’ have at least one of a new type of quark that is much like the down quark, only heavier.’
- ‘The enhanced production of strange particles in heavy ion collisions is considered an important signature of the presence of a Quark-Gluon Plasma.’
- ‘One of the huge tasks that the strangeness group is faced with is counting all the strange particles released from the collision.’
- ‘In charmed particle decays, measurements of semileptonic branching ratios imply a much smaller enhancement of nonleptonic modes than in strange particle decays.’
Are you looking for a word for a foolish person? We explore twelve interesting words to describe the dunderheads in your life.
Before you run for the hills, let’s run through a list of ‘run’ expressions that are running through our minds.
The definitions of ‘buddy’ and ‘bro’ in the OED have recently been revised. We explore their history and increase in popularity. | <urn:uuid:29739f7a-58d5-4bf5-aa2e-00b3118d3d2f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/strange_particle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719908.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00157-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930082 | 332 | 2.625 | 3 |
Few topics in the tech world have surpassed all the talk about Big Data in 2012.
While the explosive growth of data from traditional, social and mobile sources certainly is posing a serious challenge to organizations of all sizes, a new generation of powerful cloud analytics tools, applications and platforms are providing valuable insights to corporate executives and end users so they can make better business decisions on a day-to-day basis.
All three layers of the cloud computing “stack” offer timely functional and economical resources to counteract the challenges posed by Big Data.
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) providers are offering data storage, archival and back-up recovery resources, which can capture and manage data on-demand at a fraction of the cost of legacy systems and servers. The leading IaaS vendors are delivering highly reliable, yet low-cost services that enable organizations to store their structured and unstructured data without major capital investments and staff commitments
A widening array of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) business intelligence (BI) solutions and analytics solutions are giving corporate executives and end users easier access to data and more powerful mechanisms to manipulate the data to produce more useful reports on a real-time basis. Whether it is simple dashboards or more sophisticated reporting, today’s SaaS BI and analytics solutions are converting data into actionable information and insight to help users do their jobs better.
Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) solutions are also enabling organizations to build their own BI/analytics applications and tools to access internal and external data sources to more effectively respond to changing customer needs and competitive forces.
What makes these capabilities even more compelling is the fact that every leading cloud vendor recognizes that embedding analytics into their offerings and operations is essential to satisfying the needs of their customers at three levels.
First, users are increasingly expecting reporting dashboards to be offered as a basic feature of today’s cloud services so they can better measure the value of the solution.
Second, smart cloud vendors are continuously monitoring user behavior and using the data gained from every keystroke as a guide for continuously fine-tuning and devising new features to enhance their solutions.
Third, cloud vendors that have accumulated a critical mass of customers can aggregate the metadata derived from their day-to-day activity to produce valuable benchmark statistics that can represent valuable key performance indicators (KPIs). This provides a new level of value which is impossible for legacy, on-premise vendors to deliver, and gives cloud vendors a significant competitive advantage.
In sum, today’s cloud vendors are developing and delivering powerful analytic engines and end-user solutions that are enabling organizations to not only overcome their Big Data challenges but actually capitalize on the wealth of data becoming available.
Jeffrey Kaplan is the Managing Director of THINKstrategies, founder of the Cloud Computing Showplace and host of the Cloud Innovators Summit conference series. He can be reached at email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:5a6c41c2-104a-4b1a-aa73-8c9ee66a5042> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://sandhill.com/article/cloud-analytics-opportunities-trump-big-data-challenges/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00218-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92877 | 618 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Limiting climate change to 2°C means shutting down coal power plants – an unpopular proposition for coal power companies. But a new study shows that delaying climate policies could prove even worse for power plant owners.
Coal power plants are a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, and new plants are planned around the world, particularly in India and China. These new power plants are built to run for 30-50 years, paying off only after years of operation.
But stringent climate policies could make the cost of emission so high that coal power generation is no longer competitive, leaving new power plants sitting idle and their owners and investors with huge losses—a problem known as stranded capacity.
“If we are serious about meeting climate targets, then the reality is that eventually we will have to start shutting down coal-fired power plants. But the longer we delay climate action, the more stranded capacity we’ll have,” says IIASA researcher Nils Johnson, who led the new study, published today in the journal Technological Forecasting and Social Change.
“Delaying action encourages utilities to build more coal-fired power plants in the near-term. Then, when policies are finally introduced, we have to phase out coal even more quickly and more investments go to waste,” he says.
The new study finds that as much as 37% of global investment in coal power plants over the next 40 years could be stranded if action is delayed, with China and India bearing most of these costs. The study explored strategies to reduce stranded capacity in coal power plants, while limiting future climate change to the internationally agreed 2°C target.
It shows that one key is to avoid new coal power plant construction. Potential options include shifting to other kinds of power plants, keeping old coal plants running, and improving energy efficiency. By reducing the amount of energy used, efficiency improvements also reduce the amount of energy that must be generated and, therefore, the need for new power plants.
“The best strategy would be to stop building new coal power plants starting today,” says Johnson. However, the researchers also explored what would happen in a perhaps more realistic case, if governments are not yet willing to limit new plant construction.
Johnson and colleagues in IIASA’s Energy Program also examined two additional strategies with this limitation: grandfathering existing plants so that they are exempt from future climate policies, or retrofitting plants with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), a yet unproven technology that would capture greenhouse gas emissions and store them underground.
However, both of these strategies create a major risk that average temperatures will rise above the 2°C goal—a target set by international agreement in order to avoid the most dire consequences of climate change. While the grandfathering strategy would allow power plant operators to keep the old ones running, it would lead to greater emissions and reduced chances of limiting climate change to the 2°C target.
And while CCS could theoretically be used to retrofit coal power plants, the study shows that hundreds of power plants would need retrofitting in a short period of time—a lot of pressure on a technology that as yet remains both technically and politically uncertain. “CCS could buy us time, but what if it doesn’t work? It’s a risky strategy,” says Volker Krey, a co-author on the paper.
Johnson N, Krey V, McCollum DL, Rao S, Riahi K, Rogelj J. 2014. Stranded on a low-carbon planet: Implications of climate policy for the phase-out of coal-based power plants. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162514000924
For more information please contact:
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IIASA is an international scientific institute that conducts research into the critical issues of global environmental, economic, technological, and social change that we face in the twenty-first century. Our findings provide valuable options to policy makers to shape the future of our changing world. IIASA is independent and funded by scientific institutions in Africa, the Americas, Asia, Oceania, and Europe. www.iiasa.ac.at
Katherine Leitzell | idw - Informationsdienst Wissenschaft
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Researchers from the Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) at the University of Waterloo led the development of a new extensible wiring technique capable of controlling superconducting quantum bits, representing a significant step towards to the realization of a scalable quantum computer.
"The quantum socket is a wiring method that uses three-dimensional wires based on spring-loaded pins to address individual qubits," said Jeremy Béjanin, a PhD...
In a paper in Scientific Reports, a research team at Worcester Polytechnic Institute describes a novel light-activated phenomenon that could become the basis for applications as diverse as microscopic robotic grippers and more efficient solar cells.
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By forcefully embedding two silicon atoms in a diamond matrix, Sandia researchers have demonstrated for the first time on a single chip all the components needed to create a quantum bridge to link quantum computers together.
"People have already built small quantum computers," says Sandia researcher Ryan Camacho. "Maybe the first useful one won't be a single giant quantum computer...
COMPAMED has become the leading international marketplace for suppliers of medical manufacturing. The trade fair, which takes place every November and is co-located to MEDICA in Dusseldorf, has been steadily growing over the past years and shows that medical technology remains a rapidly growing market.
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'Ferroelectric' materials can switch between different states of electrical polarization in response to an external electric field. This flexibility means they show promise for many applications, for example in electronic devices and computer memory. Current ferroelectric materials are highly valued for their thermal and chemical stability and rapid electro-mechanical responses, but creating a material that is scalable down to the tiny sizes needed for technologies like silicon-based semiconductors (Si-based CMOS) has proven challenging.
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21.10.2016 | Materials Sciences | <urn:uuid:c52bb8ce-37b4-459e-af10-ad8d4917928f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/environment-sciences/what-will-climate-policy-mean-for-coal.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00404-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917005 | 1,502 | 3.65625 | 4 |
This year marks the 40th anniversary of the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens. This eruption and associated landslide, one of the more significant in U.S. history, killed 57 people, removed 2.5km3 of the mountain (enough to fill almost a million Olympic swimming pools), and decreased its height by nearly 400m. See Figure 1.1 The eruption sent ash as high as 19km (11 miles taking it into the stratosphere) and scattered 5.2 x 108 tons of ash across an area of 5.7 x 104 km2 of the U.S., an area slightly smaller than the size of West Virginia.16
This and similar events provide opportunities for discussion of the science associated with volcanic eruptions. Many people are familiar with the classic vinegar-baking soda demonstration. In this demonstration, acetic acid solution and sodium hydrogen carbonate react to produce carbon dioxide gas, which bubbles up to erupt simulated lava from the container in which they were mixed.
H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq) → CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Lesson plans and science kits have been developed based on this vinegar-baking soda demonstration.2,3 Reaction of 2.5cm3 (level ½ teaspoon) of powdered baking soda with the acids in tomato ketchup from a condiment packet produces a red, bubbly mixture reminiscent of more viscous lava (more about lava viscosity below). A reaction between citric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate in effervescent antacid tablets produces gaseous carbon dioxide to pop the lid from a film canister and scatter glitter to represent an ashfall.4
Before continuing let's clarify some geological terms. Magma is melted rock underground and lava is melted rock above ground after erupting.1 Volcanic “ash” is not produced from combustion, but is ejected rock fragments from the volcano (tephra) that have sizes smaller than 2mm in diameter.1 Figure 2 below shows ash collected at various distances from Mt. St. Helens.
Flows comprised of rock fragments combined with water are referred to as lahars; flows comprised of rock fragments combined with hot gas are referred to as pyroclastic (fire-broken) density currents.1
Gas plays an integral part in most volcanic eruptions, and the gas output from volcanoes have been monitored in attempts to predict eruptions.3,5,6 However, these gases are not produced by an acid-base reaction like in the vinegar-baking soda demonstration or in the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Rather these gases are volatile species outgassing from the liquid magma as the downward pressure on the magma decreases. This is much like carbonated soda in a closed pressurized container- can or plastic bottle- releasing carbon dioxide gas bubbles when opened. In a closed carbonated soda bottle, high gas pressure in the headspace above the liquid keeps the CO2 dissolved in the water, much like the pressure deep below a volcano keeps volatiles dissolved in molten rock. When the soda bottle cap is opened, the decrease in headspace pressure above the liquid enables outgassing of the dissolved CO2 to take place, CO2(aq) → CO2(g). This is Henry's gas law.
Both magma and soda outgassing are examples of Henry’s law, which describes how gas solubility in a liquid decreases as the pressure above the liquid decreases. Though magma compositions vary widely, the three main gases dissolved in liquid magma under pressure and then outgassed are typically water vapor, followed by carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.5,7 In a continental-margin volcano such as Mt. St. Helens, some of the water in the magma likely came from under the ocean, as oceanic portions of the Earth’s crust are forced under continents (subducted) by continental drift. Liquid water released from subducted minerals depress the rock's melting temperature, forming liquid magma, which rises as it is less dense than solid rock.5 This solution chemistry is an example of freezing/melting point depression with liquid water as the solute and liquid magma as the solvent. When liquid magma moves upward under the volcano, the pressure on the magma decreases and outgassing occurs. Carbon dioxide outgasses more at lower (deeper) depths with higher pressures, whereas water vapor outgasses more at shallower depths with lower pressures.8 The pressures involved are enormous, with simulations predicting that outgassing can occur even at 1500 atm.8 Many samples of hardened lava contain bubbles of various sizes from those volcanic gases (see Figure 2).
Let's take a moment to talk about two volcanic gases. First, CO2, a well-known greenhouse gas. Confusion sometimes exists in the mind of the public as to how the atmospheric concentrations of CO2 have fluctuated in the past when humans were not around to emit CO2 via fossil fuel emissions. Some might seize upon this misunderstanding to cast doubt on climate science. Therefore, a discussion of processes that contributed to past CO2 fluctuations is beneficial. The demonstrations discussed in this article can be used as a platform or springboard to such a discussion, noting that volcanic emissions have long been a source of atmospheric CO2 over geological time scales. Furthermore, the chemical reaction below can be used to describe how atmospheric CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and 'locked' as a solid into the lithosphere:9
CaSiO3(s) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + SiO2(s)
Sulfur dioxide produced by volcanic eruptions also impact climate, though on shorter time scales. The sulfur dioxide produced by the catastrophic 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines cooled the Earth by about 0.6oC for about 15 months.10
In addition to gas composition and degree of saturation, liquid magma varies in composition of dissolved nonvolatiles, density, temperature, and viscosity. The physical property viscosity (= resistance to flow) can have a significant impact on a volcano's eruptive behavior, and itself can depend on chemical composition, temperature, the presence of undissolved crystals, and the presence, size, and deformability of gas bubbles.5 Liquid magma is quite viscous; for example, at 1400K some forms can be a billion times more viscous than water.5 Magma viscosity increases as temperature decreases, like molasses or motor oil becoming more difficult to pour at lower compared to higher temperatures. Silica (SiO2) content infuences molten rock viscosity. Magma with less than 52 wt% silica is classified as basic and tends to have low viscosity, yielding lava like that produced by the volcanoes in Hawai’i.5 Solidified lava flows of this type, about 2,000 years old, have also been found at Mt. St. Helens.1 To illustrate, if a short, wide diameter candle is slowly heated from below and near one edge on a hot plate or electric stovetop, the melted wax, which has no gas dissolved in it to aid its buoyancy, rises up due to thermal expansion- another physical property- from a sort of vent and upon reaching the vent's end at the surface flows across the candle's top like low-viscosity lava. Figure 3. below shows this.4
When hot liquid magma has a high silica content, silicon atoms can connect with each other more via covalent bonding to oxygen atoms to form a network of atoms less flexible than without bonding. This covalent bonding network restricts flexibility and as a result imparts a greater viscosity to the magma. These lavas, classified as intermediate or acidic, can be pasty and can pile up to form lava domes, like the ones that have arisen in the crater of Mt. St. Helens after the May 18, 1980 eruption.5 Violent eruptions can be produced when silica-rich, volatile-rich magma rises up in a volcano, forming bubbles which can dramatically increase the magma viscosity still further. The magma comprised of hot liquid with bubbles can eventually break up into gas carrying pyroclastic lava fragments, which spew from the volcano at supersonic speed.5 This can produce towering columns of ash seen in eruptions at Mt. St. Helens and other volcanoes and can be demonstrated using the demonstrations described below.
As noted above, outgassing from molten rock in a volcano bears some resemblance to outgassing from carbonated soda. Promoting nucleation of gas bubbles in a bottle of soda by shaking it, or dropping Mentos candies into the bottle of soda have been described as ways to demonstrate volcanic eruptions.7,11 These relatively safe and inexpensive demonstrations are suitable for illustrating volcanic eruption concepts to an all-ages “pre-K through gray” audience. What follows are a few ideas using soda demonstrations that could provide additional understanding of volcano behavior.
Demo 1: Low-Viscosity Lava Flow Effects Using Carbonated Soda
The release of liquid carbonated soda from a closed container can represent the release of lava in a volcanic eruption. It is easy to place the carbonated soda source in a cone shaped structure to represent a volcano. See Figure 4. In this case there does not have to be a spectacularly large soda eruption; the soda foam can simply well up out from of the source (perhaps accompanied by a small fountain) and flow down the cone. The cone can be made from common materials such as sand or snow. Even the top of a soda bottle is roughly shaped like a volcanic cone. Soda from a variety of sources, (e.g., plastic bottles, glass bottles, even aluminum cans) can be used. Initiating the eruption could be performed by shaking the soda before opening the container, but obviously one cannot shake the soda once it is in the cone. Another option is to add a bubble nucleation source to the soda after opening the container. For plastic bottles, Mentos candies are well known to nucleate bubbles.12-14 For smaller, oozing eruptions, fewer Mentos candies are needed. Soda cooled in a refrigerator or that is a little old and flat (= less carbonated) can also produce flows down the cone's sides. The video link for an example of this demo is https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_laceLVdf4U
If the soda container 'mouth' is too small for whole Mentos candies, smaller pieces or other nucleating agents such as sand can be used. Sand is sufficiently dense to sink into the soda and generate nucleation of many bubbles.15 The sand can be added using a paper or plastic tube (e.g. a bubble tea straw) and if the cone is made from sand, then there should be plenty readily available. Again, in these examples, the soda represents liquid lava flows. Soda flowing down a sandy cone leaves behind a muddy deposit, which somewhat resembles a lahar. Caution is advised for this analogy since it is based on water in erupted soda mixing with sand in the cone, whereas real lahars often result from tephra erupted by the volcano mixing with water from other sources. Large soda fountains coming from a relatively small volcano cone model are not really scaled correctly for demonstrating most low viscosity lava eruptions, as lava fountains are not typically several times the height of a volcano. However, the larger soda fountains do have an application in the ash examples in the following demo.
Demo 2: Pyroclastic Effects Using Carbonated Soda
The release of soda from a closed container can represent the movement of pyroclastic materials, rather than fluid lava, in a volcanic eruption. Vigorous soda foam fountains represent Plinian eruptions. These violent eruptions are named after Pliny the Elder, who was killed during the eruption of this type at Mt. Vesuvius in 79 CE that buried Pompeii.5 In a Plinian eruption, a large ash column is thrust high into the atmosphere, initially by the force of gas and pyroclastic material leaving the vent in the crater, but also due to the buoyancy of the hot gas. When plume density equals atmospheric density, the ash cloud spreads out into an umbrella shape.
If the column loses its upward thrust, the pyroclastic cloud collapses downward and fan out down the volcano in pyroclastic density current called a pyroclastic surge.5 This is similar to base surges (debris clouds produced at the base of some nuclear explosions) and downburst phenomena associated with thunderstorms. Cloud motions simulating these surges can be produced when liquid nitrogen is added to a warm, narrow mouth container.4 With the soda demonstration, the eventual collapse of the fountain represents the collapse of the eruption column, with soda flowing down the bottle and outward representing the pyroclastic surge.
As in Demo 1 above, the fountain demonstration is initiated by bubble nucleating disturbances, using Mentos candies or dense powders like sand, to well-carbonated soda. In the demonstration shown in Figure 5, nearly 400mL of the original 590mL of carbonated soda erupted back out with the addition of sand. Sand not only initiates a fountain, but some is carried back out of the bottle during the eruption. This sand can, in addition to the soda itself, represent tephra produced in an explosive eruption. The sand from the soda fountain can be captured on an absorbent white towel (use colorless soda to best see the deposit). The sand deposit can represent the tephra distribution around an eruption. See Figure 5. The deposit can sometimes appear to be thicker and have larger particles closer to the bottle than further away, again similar to tephra deposits from volcanic eruptions. The May 18, 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens sent ash as high as 19km and scattered 5.2 x 108 tons of ash across 5.7 x 104 km2 of the U.S.16 The following link is to a video showing this demo, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZ88DvhYIao
Conclusion: The science of volcanology is a complex and fascinating discipline, which has many connections to chemistry topics taught in a typical general or AP chemistry course. Connections range from simple concepts like density, viscosity, Henry's law, and melting temperature depression to more complex topics related to inorganic, atmospheric, and environmental chemistry. Volcanoes vary widely in their properties and eruptions. A composite volcano like Mt. St. Helens can have varying eruption behavior from one eruption event to the next.1 There is a large amount of information available about the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens that was not covered here (including the massive avalanche and the lateral blast). It is highly recommended that you safely visit this and/or other volcanoes if you get the chance. Although soda eruptions are not the same as actually being at a volcano, it is hoped that the demonstrations described above will provide a deeper appreciation of some of the aspects of volcano behavior, all at much safer scales than real eruptions. And the 1993 eruption of Galeras in Columbia that killed and injured several scientists has been used for presentations about scientific ethics in chemistry courses.6
Safety: Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as goggles are recommended, ESPECIALLY if vertically rising fountains contain entrained particles like sand. Soda containing pigments can stain ceiling tiles, carpeting, and other surfaces. It is recommended that a tray or plastic sheet be placed under the demonstrations to help contain spilled materials and aid in fast cleanup.
Acknowledgments: This work is dedicated to the 57 people killed and other people adversely impacted by the May 18, 1980 eruption at Mt. St. Helens. This work was supported by Bradley University and the Mund-Lagowski Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry with additional support from the Illinois Heartland Section of the American Chemical Society and the Illinois Space Grant Consortium. Thanks very much to Thomas Kuntzleman in the Department of Chemistry at Spring Arbor University and Scott Donnelly in the Department of Chemistry at Arizona Western College for lots of helpful discussions, especially on the connection of these experiments to climate change, general chemistry connections, and technical assistance. Thanks also to Kathryn Campbell for assistance in photographing and making movies of the demonstrations. The author also thanks his family for putting up with his lifelong fascination with volcanoes (Figure 6 below).
1. Pringle, P. T. Roadside Geology of Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic Monument and Vicinity, 2nd ed. Division of Geology and Earth Resources Information Circular 88; Washington Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA, Firefly Books, Inc.: Buffalo, NY, 2002.
2. Balicki, S. Making a (big) eruption with chemistry. ChemEd Xchange. https://www.chemedx.org/blog/making-big-eruption-chemistry (accessed May 2020).
3. Smithsonian Giant Volcano Kit Instructions. Smithsonian Institution Natural Science Industries, LTD.: West Hempstead, NY, 1997.
4. Campbell, D. J. Demonstrations Page 9 – Geology. http://bradley.bradley.edu/~campbell/demopix9.html (accessed May 2020).
5. Rosi, M.; Papale, P.; Lupi, L.; Stoppato, M. Volcanoes. Firefly Books, Inc.: Buffalo, NY, 2003.
6. Bruce, V. No Apparent Danger: The True Story of Volcanic Disaster at Galeras and Nevado Del Ruiz. HaperCollins Publishers Inc.: New York, 2001.
7. U. S. Geological Survey. Soda Bottle Volcano. Living with a Volcano in Your Backyard- An Educator’s Guide. https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/19/downloads/Chapter_1/Activities/SodaBottle_v... (accessed May 2020).
8. Chiodini, G.; Paonita, A.; Aiuppa, A.; Costa, A.; Caliro, S.; DeMartino, P.; Acocella, V.; Vandemeulebrouck, J. Magmas near the critical degassing pressure drive volcanic unrest towards a critical state. Nat. Commun., 2016, 7, 13712. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13712.
9. Dressler, A. Introduction to Modern Climate Change, 2nd ed.; Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016.
10. NASA Earth Observatory. Global Effects of Mount Pinatubo. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/1510/global-effects-of-mount-pi... (accessed May 2020).
11. Weather Wiz Kids. Soda Bottle Volcano. https://www.weatherwizkids.com/experiments-volcano-soda-bottle.htm (accessed May 2020).
12. Kuntzleman et. al, Kinetic Modeling of and Effect of Candy Additives on the Candy-Cola Soda Geyser: Experiments for Elementary School Science through Physical Chemistry J. Chem. Educ., 2020, 97, 283–288.
13. Kuntzleman, T. S.; Davenport, L. S.; Cothran, V. I.; Kuntzleman, J. T.; Campbell, D. New Demonstrations and New Insights on the Mechanism of the Candy-Cola Soda Geyser J. Chem. Educ. 2017, 94, 569–576.
14. Kuntzleman, T. S.; Nydegger, M. W.; Shadley, B.; Doctor, N.; Campbell, D. J. Tribonucleation: A New Mechanism for Generating the Soda Geyser. J. Chem. Educ., 2018, 95, 1345-1349.
15. Liljeholm, A. “Diet Soda and Iron Filings.” Am. J. Phys., 2003, 77, 293.
16. Brantley, S. R. Volcanoes of the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1994.
For Laboratory Work: Please refer to the ACS Guidelines for Chemical Laboratory Safety in Secondary Schools (2016).
For Demonstrations: Please refer to the ACS Division of Chemical Education Safety Guidelines for Chemical Demonstrations.
Other Safety resources
RAMP: Recognize hazards; Assess the risks of hazards; Minimize the risks of hazards; Prepare for emergencies | <urn:uuid:a1e4fc86-ab44-4c8e-8100-872fa376e229> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chemedx.org/article/mt-st-helens-40-years-later-getting-more-soda-volcano-demonstrations | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.908614 | 4,336 | 4.0625 | 4 |
-Specific biomarkers for molecular tumor grade and endocrine benefit offer better prediction of individual patient outcome-
SAN DIEGO, May 13 /PRNewswire/ -- AviaraDx, Inc. today announced the publication of an article describing the discovery, development and validation of a new molecular biomarker, Aviara MGI(SM) (Molecular Grade Index), that improves the accuracy of breast cancer tumor grading for the prediction of distant disease recurrence. The authors also report that combining Aviara MGI with Aviara H/I(SM) (HOXB13:IL17BR), a biomarker previously shown to predict endocrine benefit, provides superior stratification of recurrence risk. The article, "A Five-Gene Molecular Grade Index and HOXB13:IL17BR Are Complementary Prognostic Factors in Early Stage Breast Cancer," appeared in the May 1, 2008 edition of Clinical Cancer Research.
The Aviara MGI and Aviara H/I ("H over I") biomarkers measure specific, independent and clinically relevant aspects of tumor biology. According to the paper published this month, the combination of these markers provides superior risk stratification as it relates to endocrine benefit and treatment outcome. After development and testing, the combination was clinically validated through retrospective analyses of 239 ER-positive, lymph-node negative patients treated at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, and an independent cohort of 84 patients from John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford (UK).
Aviara MGI is a new molecular assay comprising only five genes that are activated at different cell cycle stages and are involved in invasive tumor growth. This assay assists pathologists and oncologists by improving the accuracy of tumor grading.
To predict tumor aggressiveness and a potential response to chemotherapy, pathologists traditionally evaluate a breast cancer biopsy by light microscopy and assign a tumor grade. Patients with more aggressive, high grade (Grade 3) tumors have been shown to derive varying degrees of benefit from chemotherapy, while patients with less aggressive, low grade (Grade 1) tumors usually derive no benefit. However, approximately 50 percent of all early stage breast cancer patients are diagnosed with an intermediate tumor grade (Grade 2). For these patients the appropriate choice of therapy is unclear. The clinical data published this month demonstrate that Aviara MGI accurately identifies Grade 1 and 3 tumors, and successfully re-classifies intermediate tumor grade (Grade 2) into cases with Grade 1-like or Grade 3-like outcomes.
"The importance of accurate tumor grading cannot be understated," said Dennis C. Sgroi, director of breast pathology at Massachusetts General Hospital and associate professor of pathology at Harvard Medical School, a senior author of the article. "A molecular tool such as MGI that can help separate intermediate-grade tumors into two distinct prognostic groups will go a long way in stratifying risk and improving treatment selection for breast cancer patients."
Researchers combined Aviara MGI and Aviara H/I in order to assess the overall impact of both molecular tumor grade and endocrine therapy benefit on patient outcome. H/I is a well-established biomarker that has been shown to predict both recurrence risk and endocrine benefit in more than 2,000 patients in numerous clinical studies. It assesses the likelihood of a patient to benefit from endocrine therapy by measuring the functionality of the estrogen signaling pathway inside the tumor cell itself. As such, H/I goes beyond conventional estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) testing. While patients who are ER/PR positive are assumed to benefit from endocrine therapy, the therapy fails in approximately 25 percent of those patients.
"Other gene-signature assays developed for breast cancer provide an improvement over tumor grade as a measure of breast cancer aggressiveness and likely benefit from chemotherapy. These different proliferation gene signatures are essentially redundant, and they do not go beyond ER/PR in determining the likelihood of responding to endocrine therapy," said Antonius Schuh, PhD, chief executive officer of AviaraDx, Inc. "H/I and MGI together provide a more complete diagnostic picture that should help clinicians make more appropriate treatment decisions for their breast cancer patients."
"This is the first analysis linking H/I to our new, five-gene tumor grading index, MGI," said Mark Erlander, PhD, chief scientific officer for AviaraDx, Inc. "For patients whose tumors have high MGI values, it is important to measure H/I in order to determine likely benefit from endocrine therapy within the setting of a highly proliferating tumor."
The authors conclude that these two markers together should enable oncologists to identify a large subgroup of women with low risk of recurrence who may be spared from toxic chemotherapy regimens. In addition, they may also identify a significant population of patients for whom intensive chemotherapy regimens or new therapeutic agents should be considered.
"As molecular diagnostics enable the personalization of patient care, we will help patients and clinicians determine appropriate therapies and avoid both over- and under-treatment," added Schuh.
Approximately 100,000 women present with ER-positive, node-negative breast cancer in the United States every year. The data included in this month's Clinical Cancer Research publication show that the combination of Aviara MGI and Aviara H/I provides objective information to better assess both recurrence risk and potential for response to systemic therapies in these early stage breast cancer patients. The combination of these two biomarkers is now commercially available as the Aviara Breast Cancer Index(SM).
About AviaraDx, Inc.
AviaraDx discovers, develops, and commercializes new molecular diagnostic tests in oncology, enabling physicians to personalize cancer treatment through better understanding of the molecular biology underlying a patient's tumor. The company's current offerings include a molecular cancer classification assay, Aviara CancerTYPE ID(SM) capable of classifying up to 39 tumor types; Aviara H/I(SM), which predicts endocrine benefit in breast cancer; and Aviara MGI(SM), a molecular grade index to objectively measure tumor grade. Aviara H/I and Aviara MGI are available separately, or can be combined in the Aviara Breast Cancer Index(SM). Additional tests are in development. AviaraDx offers these diagnostic tests to qualified physicians or laboratories through its CLIA-certified, CAP accredited laboratory service operations. For more information, visit http://www.aviaradx.com.
CONTACT: Keith McCormick of AviaraDx, Inc., +1-858-587-5880,
Web site: http://www.aviaradx.com/ | <urn:uuid:958c6a14-7d57-45c7-b2a3-305997db9956> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.biospace.com/News/aviaradx-inc-confirms-that-combination-of-two/96278 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00279-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.911843 | 1,388 | 1.5625 | 2 |
As we slide towards March 1, 2020, fifty-nine years since JFK signed an Executive Order creating the Peace Corps, I have a suggested for all RPCVs who want to hold onto the history of the agency. Buy a copy of Larry Lihosit’s chronology of the agency that covers the years 1961-2010. This is, I think, the only source of dates and facts on how the agency grew and developed, listing the Peace Corps changes that happened in every country where Volunteers served from 1961 to 2010.
For example, here are three examples of what you’ll find in the book.
Aug. 28, 1961
The first groups of Peace Corps Volunteers sent to Ghana and Tanzania, Africa.
Volunteers in Chile circulated a petition to protest the Vietnam war. Jack Vaughn, Director, sent a letter to all countries assuring volunteers that they had the right to free speech but as public employees should avoid identification of those beliefs with their employees. “The Peace Corps…has neither the expertise nor the mission to address itself to political matters. It has no position…” he wrote. One of the volunteers wrote to the New York Times. When it did not print his letter, he had a Spanish version of the same letter printed in a Chilean newspaper. He was fired. Hew later filed suit in federal district court which ruled in his favor, limited the Peace Corps’ ability to punish volunteers for voicing opinions.
Electronic books (paperless) represented 8% of all books published in the U.S.A. Many of these were Peace Corps volunteer memoirs about their experiences. Nearly 1,000 volunteers had returned home to write at least one book (one author for every 200 volunteers).
Nominated For 2010 Peace Corps Writers Special Publisher Award
“This is a very impressive book.” John Coyne, Editor of Peace Corps Worldwide
“A great job! I am astonished at how detailed and thorough this work is.” David Searles, author of The Peace Corps Experience: Challenge and Change, 1969-1976
“What a valuable contribution to history…” Congresswoman Lois Capps (Dem, CA)
If you want to hold onto your history, and the history of the early days of the agency— those years when you were a PCV—I urge you to check out Amazon.com and get a copy while this 110-page book, full of facts, maps, lists & graphs is still in print. | <urn:uuid:7a394c0e-84fe-4584-ad8f-02af5b58c405> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://peacecorpsworldwide.org/purchase-peace-corps-chronology-by-lawrence-f-lihosit-honduras/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.953994 | 519 | 1.976563 | 2 |
There is no single definition for organizational culture. The topic has been studied from a variety of perspectives ranging from disciplines such as anthropology and sociology, to the applied disciplines of organizational behaviour, management science, and organizational communication. Some of the definitions are listed below: A set of common understandings around which action is organized; finding expression in language whose nuances are peculiar to the group (Becker and Geer 1960). A set of understandings or meanings shared by a group of people that are largely tacit among members and are clearly relevant and distinctive to the particular group which are also passed on to new members (Louis 1980). A system of knowledge, of standards for perceiving, believing, evaluating and acting . . . that serve to relate human communities to their environmental settings (Allaire and Firsirotu 1984). The deeper level of basic assumptions and beliefs that are: learned responses to the group's problems of survival in its external environment and its problems of internal integration; are shared by members of an organization; that operate unconsciously; and that define in a basic "taken -for-granted" fashion in an organization's view of itself and its environment (Schein 1988). Any social system arising from a network of shared ideologies consisting of two components: substance-the networks of meaning associated with ideologies, norms, and values; and forms-the practices whereby the meanings are expressed, affirmed, and communicated to members (Trice and Beyer 1984). This sampling of definitions represents the two major camps that exist in the study of organizational culture and its "application strategies." The first camp views culture as implicit in social life. Culture is what naturally emerges as individuals transform themselves into social groups as tribes, communities, and ultimately, nations. The second camp represents the view that culture is an explicit social product arising from social interaction either as an intentional or unintentional consequence of behaviour. In other words, culture is comprised of distinct observable forms (e.g., language, use of symbols, ceremonies, customs, methods of problem solving, use of tools or technology, and design of work settings) that groups of people create through social interaction and use to confront the broader social environment. This second view of culture is most relevant to the analysis and evaluation of organizational culture and to cultural change strategies that leaders can employ to improve organizational performance. BEHAVIOUR AND ARTIFACTS
We can also characterize culture as consisting of three levels. The most visible level is behaviour and artifacts. This is the observable level of culture, and consists of behaviour patterns and outward manifestations of culture: perquisites provided to executives, dress codes, level of technology utilized (and where it is utilized), and the physical layout of work spaces. All may be visible indicators of culture, but difficult to interpret. Artifacts and behaviour also may tell us what a group is doing, but not why. One cartoon which captures this aspect shows two executives sitting at their desks in an office. Both have large billed black and white checked hats. One is saying to the other, "I don't know how it started, either. All I know is that it's part of our corporate culture." VALUES
At the next level of culture are values. Values underlie and to a large extent determine behaviour, but they are not directly observable, as behaviours are. There may be a difference between stated and operating values. People will attribute their behaviour to stated values. ASSUMPTIONS AND BELIEFS
To really understand culture, we have to get to the deepest level, the level of assumptions and beliefs. Experts contend that underlying assumptions grow out of values, until they become taken for granted and drop out of awareness. As the definition above... | <urn:uuid:f5962513-131a-44c1-b263-ee63067369a2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.studymode.com/essays/Organizational-Culture-And-Its-Importance-161702.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00549-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954622 | 742 | 3.125 | 3 |
Do extraterrestrials have rhythm? If they do, do they also have starlight, daisies in green pastures and sweet dreams? OK, they may not sing Earth jazz standards but if fast radio bursts are being generated by aliens, they definitely have some sort of rhythm because astronomers recently confirmed the first FRBs consistently following a regular rhythm over an 18 month period. Are these FRBs messages from a female alien with rhythm looking for “my man”?
“In 38 bursts recorded from 16 September 2018 to 4 February 2020 UTC, we find that all bursts arrive in a five-day phase window, and 50 per cent of the bursts arrive in a 0.6-day phase window. Our results suggest a mechanism for periodic modulation either of the burst emission itself or through external amplification or absorption, and disfavour models invoking purely sporadic processes.”
In a new study published this week in the journal Nature, astronomers using the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) – an interferometric radio telescope in British Columbia – determined that FRB 180916.J0158+65 emits fast radio bursts on a 16-day schedule, with 4 days of fast bursts followed by 12 days of silence.
"This FRB we're reporting now is like clockwork. It's the most definitive pattern we've seen from one of these sources. And it's a big clue that we can use to start hunting down the physics of what's causing these bright flashes, which nobody really understands."
“… what's causing these bright flashes, which nobody really understands." Kiyoshi Masui, assistant professor of physics in MIT's Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research and a member of the CHIME/FRB Collaboration that published the study, admits this new information still doesn’t explain FRBs, which means it could still be aliens, right? The study says it found no ”smoking gun” and instead offers some theories. One is a neutron star that is spinning and wobbling is a state known as precession, with the wobble defining the periods of bursts. Another is a neutron star orbiting another neutron star or a black hole, with one half of the binary pair blocking the other’s signal.
The latest theory that the FRB source is a magnetar, a neutron star with an intense magnetic field. Astronomers using CHIME proposed this after finding an FRB in our own Milky Way galaxy that appears to be flaring out of a magnetar. In the case of FRB 180916.J0158+65 and its 16-day cycle, this would mean an unusually slow magnetar.
The CHIME/FRB Collaboration study proposed one more theory:
“But the final possibility is the most intriguing: that long-term periodicity is the norm for repeating FRBs. If so, then such periodicity might be at the heart of the FRB mechanism — and it would mean that these natural phenomena are defeating the ability of the human imagination to explain it. More-creative ideas would be needed to identify the missing link between theory and observation.”
More creative ideas? All together now: | <urn:uuid:50f1ab75-a375-4add-b8ec-1d1ad8c49565> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2020/06/whos-calling-the-first-regular-repeating-fast-radio-burst-is-confirmed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.925608 | 670 | 2.53125 | 3 |
United States U.S. Military Indian Wars, 1780s-1890s Second Seminole War, 1835-1842
The Second Seminole War, also known as the Florida War, took place between 1835 and 1842. These wars were fought in what is now Florida between U.S. troops and the Seminole Indians. They resulted in the removal of most of the Seminoles to the Indian Territory in what is now Oklahoma.
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, Second Seminole War, (accessed 2 April 2012).
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, Second Seminole War, (accessed 2 April 2012). | <urn:uuid:36b71a8a-20e4-426b-b4ab-de7900b0ea56> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Second_Seminole_War,_1835_to_1842&oldid=1344744 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00510-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94425 | 136 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Tanu lives on the 13th floor takes the elevator down to the ground floor every morning and goes to her office.
In the evening, when she comes back on a rainy day , or if there are other people around in the elevator, she goes to her 13th floor directly. Otherwise, she goes to the 1oth floor and walks up three flights of stairs to his apartment.
Angelina Jolie is trapped in a tomb. The only way to escape is figure out a 13 character password. Following are the five clues that are available to her.
Precisely two of the below statements are false.
The password is confined within this sentence.
The password is not in this hint.
The password is inside only one of these statements.
At least one of the above statement is a lie.
It's a maths magical square root series as :
Square root of number 121 is 11
Square root of number 12321 is 111
Square root of number 1234321 is 1111
Square root of number 123454321 is 11111
Square root of number 12345654321 is 111111
Square root of number 1234567654321 is 1111111
Square root of number 123456787654321 is 11111111
Square root of number 12345678987654321 is 111111111 (answer)
A terrorist hijacks a plane with 10 passengers and there is lots of gold in the plane.
After talking the gold , he asked the government officials for 11 parachutes.
He killed all the passenger so that no one can identify him , take one parachute and jumps off.
Was he stupid to ask for 11
parachutes if he need only one ?
AS you can see the picture, all you have to do is analyze it and tell who all from the pictured people will die if the person at E pushes the round object to the slide on the slope. Keep in mind all the physics and the terrain while you analyze the things.
If you notice the animated gif, you know that D, C and B are going to die. D dies directly after coming in contact with the object, C dies after being thrust by the spikes of the see-saw and B dies with the blue ball.
But consider the situation that the person at E stands for Ebola. Eventually A dies as well.
For each 5 miles driven using this rotation, each tire will lose (2/29000)+(2/21000) of its tread.So, suppose we drive 5*N miles like this. Then, each tire will lose 2*N*((1/29000)+(1/21000)) of its tread. We wish to determine N so that the latter expression gets to be 1, representing all of each tire's tread. That happens when N=6090, which is when 5*N (the total miles driven) is 30,450.
Armed robbers invaded a bank. They were busy looting when suddenly a phone rang. The phone happened to be at the reception. One of the robber asked the receptionist to attend the call and talk without giving away the situation. The call happen to be from her mother. She spoke, 'Do you have any emergency mom? Can you give me a call when I get home, I could really use your help in buying new curtains?' Then she hangs up.
The robbers are busy when the police arrives suddenly along with the mother of the receptionist. How did she know about the robbery?
The receptionist was pretty clever she played with the mute button of the phone while talking with her mother. She muted everything except the word emergency, call and help. So while talking, she sounded like 'Emergency… Call… Help' to her mother and thus she called the police.
Submit your Email Address to get latest post directly to your inbox. | <urn:uuid:b33e6e57-1606-4c08-894d-0c963891ccce> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://gpuzzles.com/mind-teasers/how-many-squares-are-there-in-the-following-figure/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00314-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952116 | 793 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Книгу можно купить в интернет-магазинах:
· OZON.ru 4287р. [Проверить наличие]
ISBN: 140207266XИздательство: Kluwer Academic Publishers
Several aspects of informatics curricula and teaching methods at the university level are reported in this volume, including: Challenges in defining an international curriculum; The diversity in informatics curricula; Computing programs for scientists and engineers; Patterns of curriculum design; Student interaction; Teaching of programming; Peer review in education. This book contains a selection of the papers presented at the Working Conference on Informatics Curricula, Teaching Methods and Best Practice (ICTEM 2002), which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Group 3.2, and held in Florianopolis, Brazil in July 2002. The working groups were organized in three parallel tracks. Working Group 1 discussed the "Directions and Challenges in Informatics Education". The focus of Working Group 2 was "Teaching Programming and Problem Solving". Working Group 3 discussed "Computing: The Shape of an... | <urn:uuid:b5ae1e89-2807-49df-a4f9-3655b978d780> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.libring.ru/books/86492 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00125-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.847142 | 285 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Speech from Dr Hamadoun I. Touré, ITU Secretary-General
Gender diversity is critical to our success if we are to bridge the digital divide. ICTs are enablers for the achievement of all Millennium Development Goals, including MDG 3 – “Promote gender equality and empower women”. This is reflected in the theme of ITU’s International Women's Day 2008 “ICT Development for women and girls = Poverty reduction and prosperity for all”.
I commend ITU women's diverse contributions towards attaining this goal, from meeting assistants to engineers, from project managers to the IT specialists, from administrators to media specialists as well as accountants. Today is also an opportunity for us to reflect on what ITU women have achieved so far and also to consider what still remains to be done. This year, the first woman Director at D2 level was appointed and the Radio Regulations Board is chaired by a woman.
ITU has a leading role to play in bridging the gender digital divide. To this end we need to fully utilize all staff both men and women and provide an enabling environment for women to contribute to the best of their abilities. The time has come for ITU to invest in its women to allow them to harness their potential and develop their skills. I encourage the women to be bold, enterprising and take advantage of opportunities that arise. I will strive to provide in ITU a progressive and fair work environment for all, making women’s development and empowerment a priority.
My administration will encourage policies and measures aimed at harnessing and developing in-house female talent. We already have family-friendly policies, such as extensive flexible working-hours, provision of family and paternity leave and a nursing room. I encourage staff to consult with the Gender Group to explore other measures that will allow working parents, both men and women to better balance work and home responsibilities.
I urge the Gender group to work with the administration to find innovative ways to help achieve gender balance at all levels and ensure fair representation in the decision-making bodies of ITU. I also encourage managers at all levels to provide an inclusive environment where consideration is given to gender diversity and especially the concerns of women.
To build good teams, women and men have to be and feel part of the team! | <urn:uuid:2e05f392-efd2-431b-a4de-6bfb0c416dd6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.itu.int/osg/sg/speeches/2008/mar6.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00328-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957866 | 472 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Categorie: 1: Alternate Mode of Transport.
We have all seen trains, bikes, cars, boats and planes! What mode of transport haven't we seen? Does it use cosmic power? Does it relocate you along radio waves? Show us your idea for a mode of transport. It must include a minifig but the build can be set in any time period.
Group Page: http://www.mocpages.com/group.php/22242
Team Page: http://www.mocpages.com/group.php/22282 | <urn:uuid:984c46a6-477f-4181-bdf8-d31ea6738135> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.moc-pages.com/moc.php/355435 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00159-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.817962 | 117 | 2.203125 | 2 |
The goal of the program, now in its third year, is to “highlight educators that are tech-savvy and using digital media in innovative ways,” said John Sessler, outreach and engagement manager for PBS LearningMedia.
Teachers who applied to be Digital Innovators were asked to make video submissions showcasing how they are “advancing student outcomes and learning in the classroom through technology,” Sessler said.
Successful strategies for the Digital Innovators aren’t just about having digital devices, but about using technology to effectively engage students. When choosing this year’s Innovators, Sessler explained that the judges were looking for “educators who are finding new and innovative ways to integrate technology into their curriculum,” and fostering an environment that enables students to see themselves “not just as consumers, but also as creators” of technology and digital media.
The educators chosen for the program utilized a range of tech strategies—a physics teacher in Minnesota used a flipped classroom approach by creating his own instructional videos and digital content, and a band teacher in New Jersey hosted virtual professional development sessions to connect and share ideas with other educators across the country. Many of the Digital Innovators are also technology specialists and district tech coaches who “advocate for technology use in their schools and in their communities,” Sessler said.
The Digital Innovators will receive professional development, webinars, and digital resources from PBS for the next year. In addition to virtual support, Sessler descibed how PBS LearningMedia will “build partnerships for local networks to connect with teachers in their own communities” by allowing Digital Innovators year-long access to resources from their local PBS stations.
Thirty of winners were selected to be Lead Innovators. They will be provided admission to the 2015 PBS LearningMedia Digital Summit and the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) conference in Philadelphia.
All Digital Innovators will have access to a professional learning community set up by PBS LearningMedia in order to “provide a platform for the teachers to connect with other tech-savvy educators to share ideas and curriculum strategies,” Sessler said.
Photo of Vicky Hsieh, a literacy teacher at the Environmental Charter School at Frick Park in Pittsburgh, Pa., courtesy of PBS LearningMedia.
Photo of Clara Pena, eighth grade science teacher at Kirtland Middle School in Kirtland, N.M., courtesy of PBS LearningMedia.
- Elite Private Schools Use Wide Range of Ed-Tech Strategies
- What Does Your Classroom Look Like? Design Matters, Say Researchers
- Public and Private Schools Share Ed-Tech Strategies in Twitter Chat
- Ed-Tech-Industry Awards Set Participation Records
- Empowering Global Educators Through Digital Badges
- ‘Innovative’ Principals Gather at U.S. Education Department
A version of this news article first appeared in the Digital Education blog. | <urn:uuid:24007264-cd64-4611-8e08-9e106003f1a1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/pbs-learningmedia-celebrates-digital-innovators-in-education/2015/04 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.938698 | 617 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Need a DNA Test for Court? Make Sure it’s Legal.
There are many situations in which DNA evidence could be helpful or even imperative to winning your case in court or in a hearing by a government agency. Maybe you need to prove paternity in a custody and visitation case. Maybe you need to prove paternity to collect child support. Maybe you need to prove a biological relationship to help one of your relatives immigrate legally to the US, or maybe you need to prove a blood relationship to collect Social Security benefits or receive an inheritance from the estate of one of your relatives.
In any court proceeding, your DNA test results are worthless if they aren’t reliable enough to be admissible in court. Where you choose to get your test and how it is processed matters. You may be tempted to get a less expensive home test. But you could end up costing yourself much more in the long run.
Chain of Custody Makes the Difference
“Chain of custody” is a phrase used to describe a particular method of handling any kind of physical evidence used in criminal or civil court cases. Showing that evidence has been processed using a proper chain of custody is one required factor courts use to determine if it can be used in the case. With DNA testing results, the chain of custody procedure includes the following:
- Photo IDs of participants aged 18 and older
- Photos of everyone involved
- Signed consent from adults & legal guardians for minors
- Specimen collection (buccal swab/cheek swab)
- Legal labeling and packaging
- Specimens ship to testing laboratory directly through approved route
- Proper shipping, storage and results communication to and from the lab
- Paperwork and documents with DNA test results properly filled out
- DNA specimen processed by American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) certified laboratory
Informational vs. Legal DNA Test – Why You Should Get a Legal DNA Test
What if you just want genetic information for personal reasons, such as family history research? Is a legal DNA test really necessary in this case? Why invest in a legally admissible DNA test even if you aren’t planning on going to court?
Investing in a court admissible DNA test regardless of your situation can save you time, headaches and needless disappointment in the long run. There are always circumstances we can’t foresee or control. Choosing a legal DNA test now will prevent you from having to complete another court-admissible test in the future. For example, you could get results back and find out something about your lineage that requires legal action, like a claim to an estate or other legal claims. If you used a DNA test that is not adequate to prove your claim legally, you will be required to complete another legally admissible DNA test.
Choose a legal DNA test from ARCpoint Labs of Rock Hill at the start, and avoid wasting time and money.
Get a Confidential, Accurate Legal DNA Test at ARCpoint Labs of Rock Hill
ARCpoint Labs of Rock Hill DNA testing services strictly adhere to varying requirements in each jurisdiction, ensuring admissibility in court and reliability in your other business applications. To learn more about our court admissible DNA testing, contact ARCpoint Labs of Rock Hill today. | <urn:uuid:0b5b30e1-3c94-48f7-b593-b53cc7db7336> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://rockhill-sc.arcpointlabs.com/individuals/dna/court-admissible-testing/why-choose-a-legal-dna-test/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918751 | 663 | 1.640625 | 2 |
IRA FLATOW, host:
This is TALK OF THE NATION: SCIENCE FRIDAY. I'm Ira Flatow.
Paleontologists are scratching their heads this week trying to figure out what to make of two new fossil finds being announced that threaten to upset the branches on the human family tree.
The new fossils were discovered by scientists from the Koobi Fora Research Project. They work in Kenya under the direction of the famed fossil hunters, Meave and Louise Leakey.
And joining me now to talk about the fossils and what they tell us or what they're going to change possibly about human evolution is one of the scientists on that Kenyan team. Fred Spoor is professor of evolutionary anatomy at University College in London in the U.K. He joins us today from Kenya near the region called Koobi Fora.
Thanks for talking with us, Doctor Spoor.
Dr. FRED SPOOR (Professor of Evolutionary Anatomy, University College London): Good afternoon, for me it's good evening, because we're quite a bit ahead of you, I think, in time.
FLATOW: Thank you for taking time to be with us. Tell us what's - what is so revolutionary about this fossil find?
Dr. SPOOR: Well, as you said, we found two different fossils and both have a slightly separate story to tell. One fossil is a beautifully preserved little braincase of - that we identified as Homo erectus, and what's special about is that it's a really small specimen. It's in fact the smallest adult individual Homo erectus that has ever been discovered. And it points out to us - it showed us that the size variation among the skulls of Homo erectus was really quite large, more comparable to what we see among gorillas today than among modern humans. And that is in itself interesting. This amount of variation usually points at the fact that there might be major differences between male and female individuals of a species.
That and again is interesting to us because it says something usually, at least, among primates large differences between males and females, say, something about behavior. Different strategies of how the group operates. Usually with these large differences it coincides with having a dominant male with multiple females associated with the one dominant male. Your listeners may know about the famous silverback male among gorillas where we have this situation. But among baboons and mandrills, we see the same thing.
FLATOW: Let's talk about a bit more about - the comparison of the two fossils and how they have upset the succession. We thought one was…
Dr. SPOOR: Right. Right.
FLATOW: …descendant of the other.
Dr. SPOOR: So, that's the other story. The other fossil - the second fossil is not as nice, but it's still incredibly informative. A fossil doesn't have to be nice to be very exciting scientifically. The second fossil is a little upper jaw of something that we identified a Homo habilis. And the exciting thing about it is when we asked our geologist how old is this thing, pointing out where we found it, et cetera, they came up with the date of about - just over 1.4 million and that is a good deal younger than we knew that Homo habilis survived. And now, we actually notice Homo habilis survived approximately for the same time that we see Homo erectus here in - on the east side of Lake Turkana here in East Africa.
If fact, Homo habilis and Homo erectus both come in at about the same time, at about 1.9 million. And at about 1.4, Homo habilis disappears, Homo erectus continues then. But it means that they lived side-by-side for about, almost, half a million years and that must surely mean that they really had separate ecological niches to survive in this way for such long time. And then you can ask the question, is it likely that one was actually the ancestor of the other, because classically, Homo habilis has been portrayed as the ancestor of Homo erectus who either gradually or through a rapid speciation gave rise to erectus.
FLATOW: So if he is not - and one was not the ancestor of the other, that you're saying that they lived at the same time, and that means they must have possibly had a common ancestor somewhere there.
Dr. SPOOR: Exactly, exactly. And then the time that this common ancestor lived is - we suspect is between two and three millions years ago. And unfortunately, that is a time period that we have very few Earth layers here in East Africa that produce fossils, and in fact, we only have a handful of teeth and some fragmentary parts of bone from that time period. And so, although we have some candidates that could represent this common ancestor, which could, by the way, be a primitive version of Homo habilis. That cannot be excluded. But we just simply don't know. More research is necessary to find the correct earth layer that link that represents that enigmatic period.
FLATOW: Yes. So what happens many times in science with discoveries is that it doesn't clear up things, it make things murkier.
Dr. SPOOR: To some extent that's true. And brings also things closer to reality. It's always good to remember that if you find five fossils or three fossils, it's very easy to order them usually based on cranial capacity and connect the dots, and, presto, you have a nice linear relationship that represents human evolution from something apelike to humanlike. But as we start finding more fossils, the picture becomes murkier, but life is murky and the reality of the evolutionary process is complex and that's what we increasingly see with human evolution, too.
FLATOW: So would you like - I'm sure it's a self-answering question, but would you like to find fossils from that murky period now?
Dr. SPOOR: Absolutely. And we're certainly targeting in the coming years, particular areas where we know that Earth layers have the right age. Unfortunately, in the past, it has been shown that in those areas, at least where we work here, that it's not very rich in fossils and it will be hard to work to find something. But who knows, we have a great team that's very skilled in finding these things. So, with a lot of efforts - and I should mention with support from National Geographic who has been funding us since 1968 or so, who knows what we will come up with.
FLATOW: Can one fossil find, though, actually cause a change in the whole family tree? Or do anthropologists need to get together and decide amongst themselves to change it.
Dr. SPOOR: No. It's - that question has been asked often - do the schoolbooks have to rewritten, and my answer is no. We - in fact, we know so much already about human evolution that it becomes increasingly unlikely that only one single fossil would overturn everything. To some extent it's our own fault because there's an aspect of marketing where you want to stress how important your find is, but the reality is that even if your find is very exciting it tweaks the picture and it points out that certain things are slightly different.
Sometimes - like in this case where we emphasize that it's not so much a linear pattern of evolution and a more bushy pattern emerges for human evolution, where you have side branches, branches that eventually die out that may be very successful for a long time. That is not necessary completely overturning what we thought before, but it's just adding to the broader picture. So, it's certainly not the case that everything is kind of uncertain and one fossil will do, you know, come up with a completely different scenario. That is not the case.
FLATOW: So where do you go from here?
Dr. SPOOR: Well, as we said indeed, one of the target things that we tried to do here - that is also the strength of this area because it has that period between two and 1.4 million years represented in the Earth layers, we want to investigate what those early phases are of the genus Homo where we absolutely come from, what was going on, and whether there are multiple species, how did they interact, what kind of environments - in what kind of environment did they live, what was their behavior, and of course, and indeed, we would like to know what came before. So over time, we will actually look into that in more detail and try to clear up exactly where our own genus comes from.
FLATOW: Just to put this into perspective a bit. A lot of people are familiar with the Lucy skeleton. Where does she fit into this picture of your findings and in total?
Dr. SPOOR: She lived much earlier on, I should say, around the time periods between her species, Australopithecus afarensis. It is between, let's say, three and three and a half, a little bit older probably three and 3.6 million. So the fossils that we've found, we're talking an age of around 1.4, 1.5. So that is less than half the age. So interestingly enough, the aspects of human evolution between - from 3 million and older to - into 4 million and even a little bit older, we know quite well from some fantastic collections from Ethiopia, and partly from Tanzania, and also a little bit from Kenya.
So we - that older period that we know quite well. And then from 2 million onwards, we know extremely well, as well here from the east side of Lake Turkana and from some other sites. And it is indeed that gap in between that exactly, unfortunately, when all kinds of interesting things happened because, for instance, that is also a period that the first stone tools turned up at about what, 2.6 million both in Kenya and in Ethiopia.
And so we really want - we'd want to know more about that time periods. But fossils - where you find them is dependent on a lot of accidental events. Bones have to fossilize and bones have to come to the surface again by erosion. And you simply cannot choose, you just have to go and look for the right areas and hope for the best.
FLATOW: Do you have to actually dig them, or do you see them lying on the ground or something that sticks out of the ground?
Dr. SPOOR: Well, that's how it starts, indeed. We have a hominid gang, even a, kind of, a young version of the original hominid gang that's worked with Richard Leakey and Kamoya Kimeu. We have a young version of that, although Kamoya is with us here as a great inspiration. And they go around and they look for things and they found, you know, anything up to tiny little mouse teeth -from elephants to mouse, literally. They are fantastic. They observe it. And if we do suspect that there's more and you see things coming out of the rock, you do an excavation. But in first instance, it's a matter of surveying the countryside and follow the layers that have the fossils eroding out.
FLATOW: Well, thank you very much - I know you're busy - for taking time to talk with us, Dr. Spoor. And good luck to you.
Dr. SPOOR: Okay. My pleasure.
FLATOW: Good luck.
Dr. SPOOR: Okay. Thank you.
FLATOW: Fred Spoor is professor of evolutionary anatomy at University College London in the U.K., and he was joining us by satellite phone from Kenya near the region called Koobi Fora where they had made - actually, they discovered these fossils five years ago and it's taken this long to uncover them, clean them off, and actually observe the differences in them.
We're going to take a short break. When we come back, we're going to talk about the energy bill. In the energy bill there's some money for wave research. And companies are already, I guess you could say, farming the seas, getting energy out of the oceans. We'll talk about it. Stay with us after this short break.
I'm Ira Flatow. This is TALK OF THE NATION: SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR News.
NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record. | <urn:uuid:c66a9b89-38b6-4555-9702-6e5d654ba184> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=12680694 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00000-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97411 | 2,669 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Challenges to library materials take place in schools and libraries across this country every day. One of the ALA Office for Intellectual Freedom’s primary duties is to track challenges and to provide support to librarians, teachers, library workers, trustees, and others who are dealing with these challenges.
As part of this effort, OIF is pleased to offer a free, interactive webinar on Tuesday, April 23, 2013 from 1-2 p.m. Central time, focused on challenges: formal requests that materials in libraries and schools be removed due to their content or appropriateness. We’ll discuss the current state of challenges – what’s causing controversy right now – and talk about ALA’s efforts to document as many challenges as possible in order to raise awareness about this fundamental intellectual freedom issue. Participants will learn about the resources and support ALA can offer when libraries are preparing for or responding to challenges. Whether you’re a veteran intellectual freedom fighter or a newbie, this webinar will provide you with information and ideas to help advocate for the freedom to read in your community.
To register, visit http://ala.adobeconnect.com/e34emkdvckk/event/event_info.html. This webinar will be recorded and available in archive after the live event. Contact Angela Maycock at amaycock at ala.org with any questions or concerns. | <urn:uuid:04729aa9-128f-4ac1-a2f6-7be1a006cb40> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://beyondlearning-md.blogspot.com/2013/04/april-defend-freedom-to-read-reporting.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00269-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919646 | 295 | 1.945313 | 2 |
High-earning graduates are to be charged more for their student loans than those who are less successful, a report into university finance is expected to say next week.
To recoup more from those who financially benefit most from their degrees, a system of tiered interest rates will be introduced for those starting university after 2012.
The move has apparently been agreed by ministers from both sides of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition after months of negotiations over the future of student finance.
The plans emerged ahead of Lord Browne's independent review of university funding, which is also expected to recommend that tuition fees be raised to as much as £7,000 a year from the current cap of £3,290.
The variable interest rate was agreed this week by David Cameron with cabinet ministers including George Osborne, Nick Clegg and Vince Cable.
Student loans are a cheap form of debt subsidised by the taxpayer. The interest rate will not only be made variable according to income but raised across the board from the current rate of 1.5%, the Times and the Telegraph have reported. Lower-earning graduates could pay back less than the costs they have incurred.
The review has looked at where the minimum income threshold for repaying loans should be set and how long the period of repayment should be.
Increasing the interest rate would allow universities to charge more, and students to borrow more, without increasing the burden on the taxpayer.
The proposals set the stage for the biggest test yet of Liberal Democrat MPs' support for the coalition.
During the general election the Lib Dems promised to scrap tuition fees altogether. Nick Clegg, the party leader and now the deputy prime minister, warned in April that it would be "a disaster" if fees were increased to £7,000.
A spokesman from the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills said: "Lord Browne is currently undertaking an independent review of university funding and student finance.
"We will judge his proposals against the need to take into account the impact on student debt, ensure a properly funded university sector, improve the quality of teaching, advance scholarship, increase social mobility and attract a higher proportion of students from disadvantaged backgrounds."
A dramatic increase in income would protect elite universities to some extent from deep budget cuts over the next few years. But up to 40 universities – a quarter of the sector – will struggle as they rely on poorer students who may be put off by fears of debt.
The review is expected to lay out a framework of options rather than make explicit recommendations.
The government's three key objectives are to establish a system that maintains a financial link between a graduate and the university they attended; encourage universities to focus more on teaching; and avoid deterring students from the poorest backgrounds. | <urn:uuid:11e197b9-dc2b-43ab-9bc2-14091a52be87> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.theguardian.com/education/2010/oct/09/tuition-fees-rise-7000-coalition | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00323-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968339 | 553 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Having a healthy lifestyle is especially important if you are pregnant, or planning to be pregnant, as your baby will rely on you to provide them with the best start in life.
Regular antenatal appointments are important to:
If you can't go to an antenatal appointment, let your midwife or the hospital know so you can make another one.
Eating a healthy, nutritious diet is especially important if you're pregnant, or planning a pregnancy. Your baby relies on you to provide the right balance of nutrients to help them grow and develop properly (even after they're born). You don't need to spend lots of money or go on a special diet – you just need a balance of the right types of food. These include:
Eating for two is a myth. Being pregnant, you'll obviously be more hungry than usual but even if you are expecting twins or more, you don't need to eat extra portions. In the final 3 months of your pregnancy, you'll need an extra 200 calories a day – that's the same as 2 slices of wholemeal toast and margarine.
Foods to avoid during pregnancy include:
EXERCISE DURING PREGNANCY
Gentle exercise during pregnancy is good (and safe) for you and your baby. Not only does it help you maintain a healthy weight, it also helps prepare your body for labour. If you are used to doing regular exercise, keep it up, but do what feels comfortable for your body and don’t push yourself too much - exercise doesn’t have to be strenuous to be beneficial.
If you’re not used to exercising, or haven’t done any for a while, now is a good time to start. Try starting off with 10 minutes of daily activity - perhaps take a brisk walk or go for a swim. You can then build up to 150 minutes of weekly exercise.
Remember, whatever your fitness level, it’s important that you listen to your body and do what feels right for you. Always warm up and cool down. As a general guideline, you should be able to hold a conversation while exercising. If you can’t, you need to slow down.
Types of exercise that are good for pregnant women include – walking, running (if you are experienced at running), swimming, prenatal yoga, aerobic classes created for pregnant women and pelvic floor and abdominal exercises.
Types of exercise you should avoid include anything that risks your bump being hit, such as martial arts, rugby and football, scuba diving, exercising at high altitudes and exercises that involve you lying on your back for longer than a few minutes (particularly after 16 weeks).
VITAMINS AND SUPPLEMENTS IN PREGNANCY
You'll get most of the vitamins and minerals you need by eating a healthy, varied diet. But when you're pregnant you also need to take a folic acid supplement. It's recommended you take a daily vitamin D supplement too – especially in the winter months (October - March) when you don't get enough from the sunlight.
It's best to start taking folic acid as soon as you start trying for a baby, or as soon as you find out you're pregnant. You'll need 400 micrograms (mcg) every day until the end of your first trimester (12 weeks).
Whether you are pregnant, or breastfeeding, you should consider taking a daily vitamin D supplement containing 10mcg.
ALCOHOL DURING PREGNANCY
It’s safer not to drink any alcohol if you’re pregnant, or planning to become pregnant, because it can damage your growing baby. By not drinking, you are protecting your baby and minimising the risks to their development and future health.
Alcohol passes from your blood into the baby’s placenta. Your baby can’t process alcohol like you can, and too much can be extremely harmful to their development. If you carry on drinking, especially in the first 3 months of pregnancy, the risk of miscarriage, premature birth and low birth weight are increased.
Sometimes drinking in pregnancy can cause a serious condition called foetal alcohol syndrome. When the baby can’t process the amount of alcohol being consumed, it can affect their development in the womb, including their brain, spinal cord and other parts of the body. This can result in miscarriage, and if the baby survives, they may be left with lifelong problems such as poor growth, facial abnormalities, learning and behavioural problems.
Remember - the more you drink, the greater the risk.
Stopping smoking can be hard, but if you’re pregnant, this is the time to quit. When you smoke, carbon monoxide and thousands of other harmful toxins travel from your lungs, into your bloodstream, through your placenta and into your baby's body. When this happens, your baby struggles for oxygen. This lack of oxygen can affect your baby's development. If your partner or anyone else around you smokes, this can be harmful to your baby too.
When you give up, the harmful gases (like carbon monoxide) and other chemicals will soon clear from your body. Reasons to stop smoking include:
Talk to your GP, midwife or pharmacist for help and advice.
SLEEPING IN PREGNANCY
Depending on how you normally like to snooze, you might have to rethink your favourite position while you're pregnant.
If you sleep on your back, it's safe to continue during the first trimester, but as your bump gets bigger and heavier you'll need to sleep on your side, so it's best to get into the habit as soon as you can.
By the third trimester (after 28 weeks of pregnancy), sleeping on your side is the safest position for your baby as it helps prevent the risk of stillbirth. Don't worry, if your pregnancy is uncomplicated your risk of stillbirth is low (1 in 200 babies are stillborn) and going to sleep on your side will make it even lower.
It's OK if you end up in all sorts of positions when you are asleep. The important thing to remember is to fall asleep on your side, as this means you are sleeping safely for your baby. If you wake up on your back, don't be alarmed, just turn onto your side and go back to sleep.
Try sleeping on one side with your knees bent, it'll help reduce the amount of pressure on your uterus and help you breathe better. Plus, this position can help relieve backache. You can use pillows under your belly, between your legs, and behind your back if you like.
You should go to sleep on your side whenever you have a snooze, including:
It’s normal to feel tired or have strange dreams during pregnancy. Have a chat to your midwife if you’re struggling to sleep. | <urn:uuid:5efaf93d-26c1-4e11-b401-fe130302791d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wisbechpcn.co.uk/self-care-healthy-pregnancy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.95003 | 1,440 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Cost of Owning a Dog: How Much You Need to Take Care of a Pet
We know pets cost money. But when it comes to the actual cost of owning a dog, what should you prepare for? How expensive are our four-legged friends, really?
The answer is, unfortunately, pretty expensive. Ready to see everything you need to know about the cost of owning a dog? Read on.
The Basic Cost of Owning a Dog
Let’s start with the basics — costs you can absolutely count on having to pay if you have a dog. Note that these are all rough estimates, and actual costs will vary based on many factors like your location, the size of your dog, where you shop, and what types of supplies you buy.
|Expense||Monthly Estimated Cost||Yearly Estimated Cost|
|Food and treats||$20-$65||$250-$700|
|Leashes and collars||$1-$5||$10-$50|
|Routine vet care (for a healthy dog)||$25-$150||$300-$2,000|
|Preventative medications and supplements||$10-$50||$100-$600|
|Pet sitting or boarding (will vary depending on how much you travel)||$10-$100||$100-$1,000|
On average, a dog owner should plan on spending around $100 a month just on basic supplies and care for their pet, all the way up to $500 a month for a dog that has needs like regular grooming, training classes, or boarding while you’re away on trips.
The Initial Investment when Adopting a Dog
Of course, those are just the regular, ongoing costs of owning a dog. That doesn’t take into account the initial investment when you first bring your pup home. Let’s break that down.
|Starting supplies (including toys, bed, collar and leash, crate, etc.)||$50-$300|
|Health checkup and vaccinations||$100-$350|
|Preventative care (flea/tick/heartworm medication, etc.)||$50-$100|
|Spay or neuter||$50-$300|
|Microchip insertion and registration||$50-$100|
*Cost reflects fees for adoptable dogs from shelters. Buying a purebred dog from a breeder will likely cost much more.
The bottom line? If you can get away with spending a few hundred dollars on everything you need when you first get your dog, you’re a frugal spender. Most people should expect to spend around $1,000 or more to get everything they need to keep their new dog safe, happy, and healthy.
Ongoing Costs of Owning a Dog
As all dog owners know, our pups are part of the family. And just like any other family member, they have ongoing expenses.
Food and treats
One cost you’ll have no way around is the ongoing expense for food and treats for your dog. In order to give your dog the healthiest life possible, you’ll want to purchase high quality dog food, which can range from $30 to $50 for a medium-sized bag. Based on that, depending on the size of your dog and how much he or she needs to eat, the monthly expense can range from $20 to $65 or more.
To stay active and mentally engaged, your dog will regularly need new toys to play with. Luckily, this doesn’t need to be a huge expense. New toys can come from the clearance bin at your local pet store, and this cost can be kept to just a few dollars a month, if needed.
Your dog’s bed should last a while (as long as he or she doesn’t play with it or chew it up). But it will still need to be replaced sometimes, especially if it gets dirty or damaged. A good-quality dog bed can range from $50 all the way to $200 if you have a large dog who needs a big bed.
Collars and leashes
Similar to your dog’s bed, you should be able to get at least a few years of use out of a collar and leash. But these items do wear out, and for your dog’s safety, you’ll want to replace them as needed (like if your dog gains or loses weight, or the collar or leash shows any signs of significant wear). Expect to spend $10 to $50 each year on collars and leashes.
Grooming is an expense that will vary quite a lot depending on your dog and his or her needs. Some dogs only need an occasional bath and nail trim, while others require regular haircuts to live their best lives. If you have a dog that needs regular full grooms, expect to pay anywhere from $30 to $75 per month for that.
Routine vet care
All dogs need routine checkups, just like humans. Each year, your dog should have a thorough health exam, which may include boosters for vaccines, bloodwork, or other preventative treatments. Costs for veterinary care can vary by location, but expect a thorough yearly checkup to cost around $300 for a healthy dog, or up to $2,000 if your dog has pre-existing health problems or extra health needs, like dental care.
Preventative medications and supplements
All dogs should receive medication to prevent fleas, ticks, and heartworms. Some dogs, especially older dogs, will also require vitamins or extra supplements to stay in the best possible health. These needs will average around $10 to $50 per month.
Training is another cost that will vary greatly from dog to dog. If you’re an experienced dog owner and can handle basic training on your own, it might not cost anything. But if your dog needs training for a behavioral problem, or even a basic obedience course, expect to pay anywhere from $25 to $300 per course.
Pet sitting or boarding
Your costs for pet sitting or boarding depend on how often you travel without your dog. Costs can also vary quite a bit — amateur pet sitters might be able to care for your pup for as little as $10 a day, while dog boarding facilities with a lot of amenities may charge up to $100 per day.
All dogs need walks. If you have the time to walk your dog yourself, this won’t be a cost you have to pay. But depending on your lifestyle and schedule, you may need a dog walker to help out. For regular weekday walks, this is a cost that can quickly reach four digits per year.
Unexpected Costs of Owning a Dog
We’ve covered the ongoing costs of owning a dog, which are all the expenses you expect to pay on a regular basis. But dogs can also come with surprise costs.
One of the biggest potential costs dog owners need to prepare for is an emergency expense. This can take a lot of different forms. For example, if you have a personal emergency and need to leave town suddenly or can’t care for your dog for a time, this could come with significant costs for boarding and other care.
However, when most people think of emergency expenses for their pets, they think of vet bills.
For even a minor emergency, vet bills can be incredibly expensive.
A single visit to an emergency vet can cost $500 to $1,000. Depending on the care your pet needs, that cost can climb to $2,000, $5,000 or even more.
Any advanced surgery for your pet is likely to cost $2,000 to $5,000. If your pet needs to spend time receiving advanced care at the vet, that’s likely to cost another $200 to $500 per day.
Many people turn to credit cards or lines of credit if they can’t immediately afford an emergency expense like a large vet bill. In this case, you’ll need to add interest into the cost of the emergency.
Even the best behaved dog might someday mistake something for a toy that isn’t. Another unexpected cost of owning a dog is destruction of your property — whether it’s a piece of furniture, an expensive pair of shoes, or your yard’s sprinkler system. Dog owners also need to be prepared for the possibility that their dog could damage something expensive that belongs to someone else — in which case you’ll be on the hook for making it right, and quickly.
Cost of Owning a Dog: Example Budget
Want to get better at tracking your costs for your pets? Download our free budget to start tracking your expenses and budgeting for the cost of owning a dog.
Average Lifetime Cost of Owning a Dog (By Size)
As you can see, there are a lot of variables to consider when trying to find the true cost of owning a dog. It will vary depending on where you live, how you shop, and your dog’s health and needs. It will also vary depending on your dog’s size and life expectancy. According to the American Kennel Club, these are the average total amounts you can expect to spend over the entire life of different kinds of dogs:
- Small dog (average lifespan of around 15 years): $15,051
- Medium dog (average lifespan of around 13 years: $15,782
- Large dog (average lifespan or around 10 years): $14,480
How to Reduce the Cost of Owning a Dog
If you’re worried about the cost of owning a dog, you’re not alone. Dogs come with major expenses — even people who currently own dogs might not be financially prepared for the responsibility. Luckily, there are some ways you can try to cut down on costs.
Monthly premiums for pet insurance may seem like just another ongoing expense to add to your pet budget. But if your pet ever has a medical emergency or becomes severely ill, pet insurance can save their life. If you aren’t in a position to be able to afford a surprise bill that costs several thousand dollars, you need pet insurance to keep your dog safe.
If you typically shop at the same pet store for all your dog’s needs, see if they have a loyalty program that can earn you discounts or free products as you spend.
This is good advice for any budget-conscious person, whether they own a pet or not: Shop for things that are on sale. If your pet needs toys, look for a clearance bin at the pet store. If he or she needs a new bed, look for coupons for big-box retailers or pet stores.
The Bottom Line: How Much Money Do You Need to Own a Pet?
If you’ve been keeping a tally so far, you know that to own a dog, you’ll need:
- An upfront investment of about $400-$2,000 for your dog and all of his or her supplies.
- An emergency fund of at least $1,000-$2,000, but preferably more like $4,000-$,6000, to cover vet bills and other emergency expenses.
- The ability to spend $100-$500 per month for your dog’s food, care, and ongoing needs.
Pets are expensive, but they’re worth every penny. Just remember that the responsibility to take care of your pet falls on you, and if you can’t afford all these expenses, you might not be ready for a dog just yet. | <urn:uuid:18a2a969-dedf-4b00-81a6-507519be9199> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gethuan.com/blogs/news/cost-of-owning-a-dog-how-much-you-need-to-take-care-of-a-pet | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.943134 | 2,572 | 1.578125 | 2 |
MODELING IN TIME DOMAIN
A control system is a set of the devices which are normally used to the command, manage, direct and helps to regulate the behavior of other sub parts of the system. These are divided as a logic system and sequentialsystem controls, and as feedback control system.
Control System Modeling in Time Domain
As we already know that we can do the control system modelling in the frequency domain but the transfer function is always defined in the initial conditions of the zero. So the time domain analysis of a control system through the state space is done to do the time domain analysis. In control system engineering, the state space representation is defined as a mathematical model of the physical system. This is a set of the input, the output the state variables which are related with each other by the first-order differential equations. From the number of the inputs, the outputs and the states, the variables are also expressed as the vectors, and the differential and the algebraic equations which are written in the matrix form. The state space representation which is also known as the time-domain approach for a system. It provides the convenient and the compact way to the model and analyzes the systems with the multiple inputs and the outputs. With p as the inputs and q as the outputs to encode all the information about the system. As in the frequency domain approach, the state space representation use is not only limited to the systems with its linear components and with its zero initial conditions. In the case of frequency domain analysis the systems should be modelled in the form of system function that is also known as transfer function. The system should be a linear time invariant system. And the frequency domain analysis of a control system is more error and trial procedure. So a time domain analysis of a control system is done so that the more general and mathematical analysis of a system can be done. This is the output representation of a system so that it can define the states of the system. The state of the system can be defined at some predetermined points and with some state variables. It is very powerful and a very efficient technique which is used for the analysis and for the design of the control system which is able to design the linear systems, the nonlinear systems, the time variant systems, the time invariant systems, with either the single input or single output or with multiple input and multiple output systems. Although the use of the frequency domain analysis of asystem is more efficient then the time domain analysis but at some points the time domain analysis is very good and easy to use for the analysis of a system.
Our email-based homework help assistance offers brilliant insights and simulations which help make the subject practical and pertinent.
Transtutors.com provides timely homework help and assignment help at reasonable charges with detailed answers to your Electrical Engineering questions so that you get to understand your assignments or homework better apart from having the answers. Our tutors are remarkably qualified and have years of experience providing Control Systemhomework help or assignment help. | <urn:uuid:fb435a41-c415-45d9-99c3-ac68c920ec4e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/electrical-engineering/control-system/time-domain-modeling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00206-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939079 | 607 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Tax Credit Consulting: Family Tax Credit Anchorage AK
Shilanski & Associates, Inc.
Years of Experience: 9
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Tax Credit Consulting: Family Tax Credit
Family Tax Credit
The United Kingdom offers several tax credits that are designed for working family and their dependent children. The United States does not have a similar Family Tax Credit, but rather uses the Earned Income Credit for the same purposes.
In the United Kingdom, there is a specific tax credit that is called the Family Tax Credit. It is also known as the "Working family tax credit" and is associated with a Child Tax credit. The United States relies more on the Earned Income Credit (EIC) to deal with the issue of tax relief to low income working families. The Earned Income Credit is just one credit, and indeed deduction, that could be classified under the general heading of Family Tax Credits.
Some States, Minnesota is one; offer a tax credit from State Income Tax that is called a Family Tax Credit. This credit is available for residents who have already qualified and filed for the Earned Income Credit. Other States have various credits that are designed to encourage and support working families or families with special needs.
The tax laws have often been used to support social customs that are deemed in the best interest of society. The Government has a stake both in helping families and caring for children. Children who are properly cared for within a family setting are going to be much less of a social and financial burden on the country than children who become wards of the State. This is why many States offer tax credits that tend to ease the tax burden on families with children.
Many federal tax credits could be considered family tax credits, such as the credit to a business that maintains facilities and staff for employer sponsored child care for working parents. This is just one of many examples of the types of tax credits that have strengthening of families as a goal. This is especially true of working families. The Welfare-to-Work credit is designed with the idea of moving people, even those with children, from the welfare roll... | <urn:uuid:60ed9b8a-f087-4939-b9e8-891d43666c25> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://local.businesstaxrecovery.com/Tax_Credit_Consulting_Family_Tax_Credit_Anchorage_AK-r1418969-Anchorage_AK.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00485-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965099 | 515 | 1.671875 | 2 |
On April 24, 2017, in New Balance v. Shenzhen Xinpingheng（新平衡）, et al., in which New Balance brought unfair competition claim against Shenzhen Xinpingheng and four other defendants, the Suzhou Intermediate People’s Court ordered that the five defendants pay penalty of RMB1.7 Million (US250,000) for violating a preliminary injunction which prohibiting them from selling the infringing shoes. Not only is New Balance the first case in which this Court ordered a preliminary injunction for unique packaging and design, but it is also the first time an unusually high amount for penalties was awarded and, therefore, drew much attention from IP specialists.
In preparation for its recent article New Balance Court Ruling in China is Rare Win against Piracy, The New York Times interviewed well-known experts on the subject of IP protection including Amy Dow, Senior Global Corporate Communications Manager for New Balance and Charles Feng, Co-Head of East & Concord Partners’ Intellectual Property Department.
Ms. Dow confirmed the amount of the penalty and stressed that “these actions are significantly more costly than traditional counterfeit enforcement measures, but New Balance believes strongly in the protection of our intellectual property”.
Charles Feng praised the Court’s decision stating “[t]he injunction was particularly important as Chinese courts typically don’t award too much in the way of damages in IP infringement cases and injunctions help the right owners minimize the losses from IP infringements”. However, he added that “it is still uncommon for Chinese courts to issue preliminary injunctions protecting intellectual properties and in the past 10 years, only 5 to 10 percent of companies that applied for preliminary injunctions obtained them.” | <urn:uuid:15b34fee-b727-4ddb-92ea-1d002738417c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://en.east-concord.com/xinwen/Article/20189/ArticleContent_1569.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.93929 | 355 | 1.515625 | 2 |
An expert on the subject should have a look at this article or section. This is because it is impossible to rewrite the information in the article without expert knowledge
Please help recruit one or improve this article yourself. See the talk page for details.(December 2013)
The moment of force (also called the first moment of force) about any point is the product of the force and perpendicular distance between them. If this first moment is again multiplied by the perpendicular distance between them, the product so obtained is called the second moment of force or moment of moment of the force. If instead of force, the area of the figure or mass of the body is considered, it is called the second moment of area or second moment of mass. They are also termed broadly as moments of inerta.
There is no physical significance for moment of inertia. It is just a mathematical expression usually denoted by | <urn:uuid:b6ae4878-4f40-4953-824e-01f751a34c4e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_moment_of_area | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00058-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949169 | 178 | 3.96875 | 4 |
Anybody who knows even a little bit about me knows that Lucille Clifton is my absolute favorite poet in the world. That might have something to do with my loving her so much—as in present tense, even though she joined the ancestors two years ago today. She was my friend and my beloved mentor, a real gift to me in this world and, I believe, in the next.
But it’s one of those strange things. Do I love Miss Lucille (as I called her) so much because her poems were so good or are the poems so good because I love her so much? Or, would I have loved her anyway, even without the poems?
I don’t know and guess what? The thought of living in a world where Lucille Clifton did not create poems for me to read is a frightening brain moment. So let’s move on before I linger there.
I celebrate Miss Lucille three times a year now. I celebrate her on February 13, the day she passed on to the ancestors who lived with her in her spirit and in her poems, and that is understandably a really sad day for me. But then, I celebrate her again on Mother’s Day, because she had six of her own children whom she adored and I considered her a second mother. And then, I celebrate her one more time on June 27, her birthday, which is seriously happy occasion, of course.
I just love to celebrate Miss Lucille—and celebrate with her!
Those who know her poetry know that I’m referencing one of her two most famous poems when I say “celebrate.” Here’s a link for those of you who don’t know that poem. Read it and–I hope–become deeper in your soul. There’s audio, too!
And here some other great Miss Lucille extras:
“Homage to my hips”, her other most famous poem. All sisters with glorious, big booties need to read this poem at least once a year.
Here’s a podcast I did almost two years ago with a circle of Black women to celebrate Miss Lucille’s birthday. This is a special podcast, including Miss Lucille’s firstborn child, Sidney, and National Book Award winner Nikki Finney. (When you click the link, go to “Episode 8” to begin listening!)
And here’s a wonderful video of Miss Lucille and Quincy Troupe, one of the great poets of the Black Arts Movement, and just a Down By Law Cool Brother as well.
.Enjoy! And celebrate. Miss Lucille is up in Heaven poeming with the ancestors and having a good old time with her husband, Mr. Fred, and two of her children who passed before her.
And she’s eating hot dogs, which she absolutely loved. And I just know she is looking very cute in a really colorful blouse, because she sure could wear an outfit. I miss her so much, still, but I hope if I’m good down here, I’ll be able to join her one day in Heaven. I’m keeping my fingers crossed, for real. | <urn:uuid:e925bf45-9b58-4968-a5d2-84767a05b165> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://phillisremastered.com/2012/02/13/lucille-clifton-spellwomanpoet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719908.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00159-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968712 | 676 | 1.5 | 2 |
The author is a South African, a member of one of the old Boer families counted as European despite a remote bit of African ancestry. He was a member of the exiled African National Congress in Paris and served seven years in prison after he was caught back in Africa in 1975. His moving memoir of a trip to his homeland combines lyrical descriptions of a fiercely beautiful country, sketches of the varied people he met as he searched for his family history, and bitter disappointment over the crime and poverty that flourish in the new South Africa. The semi-rural area in which Mr. Breytenbach grew up still has a frontier quality. At a local wedding where "the house is crowded with quietly drinking and seriously cursing people, the father of the bride and his two sons ask the guests to stand out of the way, you damned lot of devil's offspring, and then knock down with crowbar and sledgehammer the wall between two rooms to make a place for dancing." This offhand hospitality is countered by pages of gruesome detail of rapes and murders, which are frequent and rarely punished. The author's brother, who still lives in the region, "fights the baboons, the geckos, the starlings, the snakes, the crickets, the frogs, the ants, the plant lice and the neighborhood's mongrels.... He will go down fighting. He has foreseen that things will come down to this. One should have no illusions about life." Mr. Breytenbach did have illusions, and going home again shattered many of them.
The heroine and narrator of Ms. Redd's novel leaves her alcoholic husband and takes refuge at her place of employment -- the local university, where she works as a tutor in the male athletic department. Her job is to boost and bully ballplayers into a passable semblance of academic achievement. Her charges are officially "student-athletes." Privately they are her "thugs" or her "babies," depending on their current level of misbehavior. Ms. Redd gives the whole ludicrous and hypocritical college athletic system an amusing send-up. She also gives much space to her heroine's complaints of sexual deprivation and inattentive parents. (Her father is a work-obsessed surgeon and her mother is a tomato-obsessed gardener.) The complaints become repetitious. The ballplayers are steadily surprising, and the narrator's balancing act between sympathetic big sister and snarling drill sergeant is consistently interesting. There is, by the way, a plot that eventually merges the novel's two lines of development.
The Notebook of Lost Things
Ms. Staffel's intricately constructed novel is set in a decaying town in upstate New York. The place, with its failed businesses and abandoned farms, is solidly evoked. The principal characters, in contrast, are fluid rather than solid, transitory rather than rooted. They are all misfits in the place, people a bit out of kilter, and how they collide and support one another is the substance of the tale. It is a striking piece of work.
Gunfire Around the Gulf
Mr. Coombe opens his account of "The Last Major Naval Campaigns of the Civil War" with a broadside of compressed information that may leave the reader slightly stunned. This is background material, providing context for the much more expansive accounts of battles from Pensacola to Galveston. New Orleans and Mobile Bay are given the most space, but lesser actions are not neglected. Mr. Coombe makes fine use of those anecdotes and details that turn up in Civil War records. A Confederate doctor, waiting for the Union attack on Mobile, amused himself with a fig tree and a stray cat, while a private in the same spot was "sick and tired of garrison life and Fort Morgan." At New Orleans, Admiral David Farragut ordered fire on "that rascally tug" and admonished a crouching officer, "This is no time for prayer." Signal Officer Osbon was not praying; he was about to deal effectively with a fire raft. Even Farragut could err. The author considers him a great and innovative commander whose tactics remained useful in the Pacific during the Second World War. Mr. Coombe is a veteran of that war, having served at Guadalcanal and Midway. He brings his own experience to bear on the Civil War navies, because "the basic concepts of warfare and the psychological impacts on the crews who man these fighting machines have not changed through the decades." It is an effective approach to history. The reader can feel the buildup of heat inside an ironclad and the chill when the deck crews stored "buckets of sand around the gun stations, lest the gunners' feet slip on blood. It was a necessary ritual that all gunners abhorred."
Fannie Hurst habitually lied about her age, but probably was born in 1885 and lived to be eighty-two. Her home town was St. Louis, and her parents, comfortably assimilated German Jews, expected her to stay there and marry a prosperous man of their own class and kind. She escaped to New York and by 1914 had been published in Cosmopolitan and was on the way to a long career as a highly popular and lavishly paid writer of fiction. Her work was often disparaged as "women's fiction," and she was reproached for overwriting and sentimentality, but readers loved it, and with good reason. She wrote about the concerns of ordinary young women -- jobs, money, ambitions, social status, overbearing parents, unsuitable men -- and if her language was sometimes overblown, she kept the problems real and the plots intriguing. She did a number of things besides write, becoming a friend of Eleanor Roosevelt and of Rebecca West, lending a hand in political campaigns, and offering opinions on practically everything in sight. Ms. Kroeger reconstructs Hurst's life in great detail, along with the plots of stories and the casts of the films based on them, and, more interesting, gives a thorough explanation of the rivalries and piracies of magazine editors in the days when reading was the only entertainment regularly and widely available.
Recent books by Atlantic authors:
Fire in the East: The Rise of Asian Military Power in the Second Nuclear Age This book grew out of "America's Maginot Line," an article by Paul Bracken that appeared in the December, 1998, Atlantic.
Phoebe-Lou Adams is The Atlantic Monthly's staff writer.
The Atlantic Monthly; September 1999; Brief Reviews - 99.09; Volume 284, No. 3; page 105-106. | <urn:uuid:9aeb394a-039c-4ee0-bc94-dbd808bee583> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1999/09/brief-reviews/377788/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00048-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970486 | 1,356 | 1.640625 | 2 |
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Transcript of Mohr's circle
and as point B
Step 2. Connect A and B We have given state of stress Step 3 Steps 1-2 Beginning Draw a circle with diameter AB. The center of the circle is the point where the line AB crosses the horizontal axis (denoted as point C) Presented in 1882 by Otto Mohr Method for solution of the state of stress at a point Theory Step 4 Final circle Mohr's circle in the case of tension and compression Mohr's circle in 3D Reference: G.F. Limbrunner, L. Spiegel - Applied Statics and Strength of Materials
Web page: http://web.mit.edu/16.unified/www/FALL/materials/
Web page: http://www.suu.edu/faculty/mcdonald/ | <urn:uuid:bd18b2f3-e5bb-497d-b566-cf346fa70992> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://prezi.com/bljqcklhtnra/mohrs-circle/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00266-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.857788 | 306 | 1.882813 | 2 |
- Häftad (Paperback / softback)
- Antal sidor
- Naval & Military Press
- Black & white illustrations
- 210 x 140 x 6 mm
- Antal komponenter
- 542:B&W 5.5 x 8.25 in or 210 x 140 mm Perfect Bound on White w/Matte Lam
- 127 g
Du kanske gillar
HISTORY OF THE 17th (ARMOURED CAR) TANK BATTALION DURING BATTLE OF 1918av AnonThe 17th Battalion arrived in France in April 1918. Its first operations were in support of the French Army in June. It returned to the British Army in August and was very successful at the Battle of Amiens. The Austin Armoured cars were towed in pairs by tanks across the battlefield. Once they reached better ground on the other side of the lines, they ranged freely. A German Corps headquarters 10 miles back was captured and German reserves, artillery and supply lines were shot up. The 17th was the first British unit to cross the Rhine in 1918. This is a very good Battalion history that is scarce in its original printing.
Recognising after the battle of Cambrai that the slow MARK V tanks could break through the fortified German lines, but could not exploit the breakout, the new Whippet Tanks and the 17th (armoured car) Battalion underwent training to establish how to take advantage of this situation.
In 1917 an order of Austin Armoured cars ? originally destined for the Russian Army ? became the 17th (Armoured car) Battalion. 16 of the Austins not sent following the revolution were used to equip the 17th (Armoured Car) Battalion of the Tank Corps. The Vickers machine guns were exchanged for the Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun, which was the standard machine gun of the British tank unit. During the fighting at Amiens as part of the 5th Australian Division, 16 cars were towed in pairs across the trenches and battlefield by tanks, and were then let loose behind the German lines, creating havoc around Proyart and Framerville.
A German Corps Headquarters, which was located 10 miles behind the front line, was captured, and in honour of the Australian Division an Australian flag was nailed to the German generals? front door. Detailed plans of the Hindenburg line were captured and German reserves, artillery and supply lines were shot up, including a train.
The greatest value of these cars was in the spreading of fear and rumour. German troops were reporting a new British tank that could travel at 30mph and spout fire in all directions. It was said that the 16 cars were ?worth more than a whole cavalry division?.
At the time of the Battle of Amiens the armoured cars were painted sky blue and khaki, in the hope that they would not show up against the horizon.
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Fler böcker av Anon | <urn:uuid:180dcbf7-47ff-44bf-a7ff-edc50a363ff8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bokus.com/bok/9781783314911/history-of-the-17th-armoured-car-tank-battalion-during-battle-of-1918/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.973739 | 696 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Last week’s People magazine cover featured the beautiful University of Virginia lacrosse player Yeardley Love, who died when her ex-boyfriend, George Huguely, reportedly hit her head against a wall in a fit of rage.
The death of this talented, promising young woman is a tragedy for Yeardley’s family who must somehow find a way to cope with this unimaginable loss. And it is also a tragedy for George’s family whose lives will be forever scarred.
When reports of the killing surfaced earlier this month, the media quickly latched onto a possible connection between Yeardley’s death and George’s history of bad-boy behavior, namely his heavy drinking. He had been arrested in 2008 for public intoxication and accosting a police officer. A men’s lacrosse star, he belonged to a circle of serious partiers, known as much for their boozing as for their athletic prowess.
While we do not yet know whether alcohol played a role in George’s actions, we do know that substance abuse often plays a role in dating and domestic violence. According to the Office of Justice Programs, two-thirds of victims of intimate partner violence reported that alcohol was involved in the incident. Another study found that women whose partners abused alcohol were 3.6 times more likely than other women to be assaulted by their partners.
But we can’t assume that alcohol and drugs are only involved in the perpetration of violence. From working with women in treatment at Phoenix House, I have seen the complex dynamic between substance abuse and intimate partner violence come into play on a number of levels. All too often, batterers use their drinking or drug use as an excuse, claiming that their substance of choice made them act “out of control.” For those who are victims, alcohol and drugs are a common way to numb the pain. And kids who witness violence against their parents often grow up to repeat the same patterns of behavior—and adopt the same unhealthy coping strategies. A quick look at a sample of our New York City clients showed that more than a quarter had experienced domestic violence or witnessed it as a child.
Yeardley Love was in the national spotlight, but sadly, we as treatment professionals know that stories like hers are not unique. Although we see such cases constantly, Yeardley’s killing caused me to consider several questions about how we address domestic violence in the treatment setting. When working with a domestic violence survivor, what services should be offered? How often do we offer specialty support groups for survivors and witnesses? How do we protect clients from their abusers while they’re in treatment—and once they leave our care? How often do we acknowledge that chronic relapse may be a reaction to a destructive relationship, not simply a poor choice by a person new to recovery? How do we instill a sense of responsibility and accountability in batterers? What services should they be offered? To what extent are we concerned about the impact of witnessed domestic violence on the children of our clients?
These are questions that deserve serious thought—and action. As treatment providers, we need to make sure our programs have thoughtful policies and protocols that acknowledge the presence of intimate partner violence in our clients’ lives. As Yeardley’s story demonstrates, all too often, cases like these have tragic endings. We must strive to end the cycle of abuse for our clients—before it’s too late.Naomi Weinstein
Director, Center on Addiction and the Family
Phoenix House Back to Index | <urn:uuid:44e171ff-5ec9-4d4b-b7c8-8e29bc0f250e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.phoenixhouse.org/news-and-views/our-perspectives/yeardley-love/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00063-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965756 | 728 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Some travelers to Italy are taken aback by the idea of paying a cover charge for eating in a restaurant. To many, the idea of a “cover charge” applies to night clubs but to restaurants? Not so much. You’re going to be paying for the meal, right? What’s the cover charge covering, exactly?
In general terms, a restaurant cover charge, or “il coperto” in Italian, is a per-person charge which takes care of the basics which many diners are used to getting for free at home – things like a glass of tap water or a plate of bread. It’s also sometimes called the “pane e coperto,” the bread and cover charge. When you see breadsticks propped up in a cup on your table, they might be covered in “il coperto,” but it’s also possible that you’re going to pay for whatever you eat. Be sure before you bite.
Italians don’t mess around when it comes to food, and even something as simple as bread is taken seriously. Some of the different kinds of bread you might find when eating out in Italy are:
- Rustica – country-style bread, thick and crisp crust
- Grissini – thin, dry, crispy bread sticks (sometimes individually wrapped)
- Galletta – thin and small pieces of crispy bread, like a cracker
- Focaccia – thick, flat bread, often dressed with olive oil and fresh herbs
- Ciabatta – relatively flat, sometimes misshapen, loaf with big air holes and nutty flavor
- Toscana – bread found in Tuscany, where it’s made without salt
- Carta da musica – literally means, “music paper;” thin and papery, very crisp, from Sardinia
If you’re on a strict budget, avoiding the breadsticks can be a good money-saver if they’re going to cost extra. And because many Italians prefer bottled water to tap water, check to see if there’s a charge for a simple glass of tap water. If there’s not, that’s another way to save. Mind you, we’re talking about a couple Euro here and there – not necessarily big money. But as long as the Euro keeps rising against, well, pretty much everything else, every Euro counts.
For more information about dining out in Italy, see this article on tipping in Italy – sometimes customary, often unnecessary. | <urn:uuid:370f43f1-d4af-4a01-a0f9-cdff863682cb> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.italylogue.com/planning-a-trip/what-does-the-cover-charge-cover-in-italys-restaurants.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00510-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942877 | 539 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Cryptocurrency is a very high-risk market, and you should not invest more than what you’re willing to lose, so this market is very volatile, it is not uncommon to see 20 to 40 % swings every single day, so if you’re on the right side of the trade, it’s pretty easy to know that you can make some quick profits however if you’re on the wrong side then you can lose a lot of money very quickly. There are pretty much two ways they could go about doing this; you could be an investor, or you could be a trader.
Investor v/s Trader
If you choose to be an investor that typically means that you would purchase some cryptocurrency and hold on to it, basically you could be holding on to it for a few months or even a few years and hoping that that value of that cryptocurrency will appreciate. If you choose to be a trader you would typically focus on short-term profit meaning you would purchase a cryptocurrency and utilize the volatility of the market to sell in and out of trades, it goes down to the buy low sell high now you’re probably going to be a mixture of both. This market pretty much revolves around Bitcoin, if you’re not familiar with Bitcoin, you have to read up a bit, and that should give you a head start.
How to buy Bitcoin
Sometimes it can be difficult when looking how to buy bitcoin, but with a good exchange and simple guide it’s easy! There are a few different ways that you can go about doing that, but the way that is to recommend to people new to this market is to go through Coinbase. Coinbase has been around for a very long time, and they’re pretty much the most reliable and trusted source to get Bitcoin. All you have to do is go onto coinbase.com and sign up for an account now you will have to go through a verification process where you verify your identity so don’t be alarmed if it’s asking you for personal information this is required by law once you’ve been verified and have linked up to your bank account and your credit card you can now go ahead and buy some cryptocurrency currently Coinbase offers Bitcoin, ETH as well as Litecoin. You can select how much bitcoins as you would like to purchase, in regards to the payment options if you choose to pay through your bank account the fees will be lower however it will take a few days before you receive your coins that’s why you should typically use a credit card as the form of payment however the fees will be higher.
Bitcoin will appreciate throughout the years however if you want to trade Bitcoin for other cryptocurrencies this is where you would need to transfer your Bitcoin on to an exchange you can imagine the exchange being like the stock market where you would have a brokerage account allowing you to purchase shares of companies. Still, in this case, you are buying coins which are a different exchange. | <urn:uuid:920984ca-be6d-4a65-982f-b9b6aae8eac9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ultimatesecurecash.info/how-to-trade-in-cryptocurrency/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.976706 | 608 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Buprenorphine Hydrochloride + Naloxone Hydrochloride
Consumer Medicine Information
NOTICE: This Consumer Medicine Information (CMI) is intended for persons
living in Australia. This page contains answers to some common
. It does
not contain all the information that is known about
. It does not take the
place of talking to your doctor or pharmacist. All medicines have risks
and benefits. Your doctor has weighed the risk of you using this medicine
against the benefits he/she expects it will have for you. If you have
any concerns about using this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Bookmark or print this page, you may need to read it again.
What is SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM used for?
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM is used as part of a medical, social and psychological treatment program for patients dependent on
opioids like heroin, morphine, oxycodone or codeine. SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM is used to help such patients to regain control
over their lives.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILMS contain the active ingredients buprenorphine hydrochloride and naloxone hydrochloride. Buprenorphine
acts as a substitute for opioids and it helps withdrawal from opioids over a period of time. When taken sublingually (under
the tongue) as prescribed, naloxone has no effect, as it is very poorly absorbed. However, if SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM is
injected, naloxone will act to block the effects of other opioids like heroin, methadone, morphine, oxycodone or codeine,
leading to bad withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, naloxone is included in SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM to discourage misuse by injection,
as it can cause very bad withdrawal symptoms.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM should be used exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Ask your doctor if you have any questions about why SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM has been prescribed for you.
Before you take SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM is not suitable for everyone.
When you must not take SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM
If you are under the age of 16 years.
If you are allergic to buprenorphine or to naloxone or to any of the other ingredients in this medicine (see Product Description
If you have serious breathing problems.
If you have serious problems with your liver, or if your doctor detects the development of such a problem during treatment.
If you are intoxicated due to CNS depressant medicines (e.g. tranquillisers, sedative/hypnotics, narcotic analgesics, anti-anxiety
medicines, antipsychotics), alcohol or have delirium tremens (the 'shakes' and hallucinations).
Do not take SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM if you are pregnant. If you become pregnant while taking SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM, tell
Do not take SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM if you are breastfeeding.
Do not take SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM if the package is torn, shows signs of tampering or the films do not look quite right.
Before you start to use SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM
Tell your doctor if you have any of the following before treatment, or develop them during treatment, as your doctor may need
to adjust your dose of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM.
asthma or other breathing problems
problems with excess alcohol use
problems with drowsiness
Adrenal gland problems (e.g. Addison's disease)
Kyphoscoliosis (hunchback disease)
low blood pressure
if you have head injuries or in a condition where you have increased pressure within your head
if you have problems related to the biliary tract
if you have severe mental problems or hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not really there)
if you have a history of seizures
Some people have died from respiratory failure (inability to breathe) when using benzodiazepines (medicines used to treat
anxiety or sleeping problems) at the same time as SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM.
Whilst you are being treated with SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM, do not use benzodiazepines unless they have been prescribed by
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM may cause fatal respiratory failure if children accidently ingest it.
Keep this medicine out of reach and sight of children.
As SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM contains naloxone, it is highly likely to produce strong opioid withdrawal symptoms if misused
as an injection while you are still experiencing the effects of other opioids.
When taken sublingually SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM can cause withdrawal symptoms if you take it less than six hours after you
use a short acting opioid (such as morphine or heroin) or less than 24 hours after a long acting opioid (such as methadone).
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM can cause drug dependence. This means that you can get withdrawal symptoms if you stop using the
medicine too quickly. Withdrawal symptoms may be delayed in some cases.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM is not intended for occasional use and should be taken only as prescribed.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM may cause drowsiness, which may be made worse if you also drink alcohol or take sedatives or anti-anxiety
medicines. If you are drowsy, do not drive or operate machinery.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM may cause your blood pressure to drop suddenly, causing you to feel dizzy if you get up too quickly
from sitting or lying down.
Athletes should be aware that this medicine may cause a positive reaction to "anti-doping" tests.
The safety and effectiveness in patients over 65 years of age have not been established.
Your doctor may ask you to have additional blood tests to see if this medication is right for you.
Taking Other Medicines
Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medicines, including any that you buy without a prescription from your pharmacy,
supermarket or health food shop, before you begin treatment with SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM.
A number of medicines may alter the effects of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM. These include:
certain medicines for treating HIV/AIDS
certain medicines for treating fungal and bacterial infections
strong pain killers
cough medicines containing opioid-related substances
certain antidepressants including monoamine oxidase inhibitors
certain medicines used to treat fits or epilepsy (anti-convulsants)
certain medicines for high blood pressure
other opioid medicines
Tell your doctor if you are scheduled to have surgery using a general anaesthetic.
Do not drink alcohol or take medicines that contain alcohol whilst you are being treated with SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM.
Alcohol and certain other medicines (as listed above) may increase the sedative effects of buprenorphine, which can make driving
and operating machinery hazardous.
Some people have died when using sedatives (benzodiazepines) or other depressants or alcohol or other opioids at the same
time as SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM. You should not use benzodiazepines whilst you are taking SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM unless
they are prescribed by your doctor.
How to Take SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM
Do not take SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM to treat any condition other than the one prescribed for by your doctor.
Do not give SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM to anyone else, even if their symptoms seem the same as yours. It may harm them.
Before touching the film, make sure your hands are dry. SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM should be held between 2 fingers by the outside
edges of the film. The films are taken sublingually. This means that you place the film under your tongue and allow it to
dissolve, which may take between 4 and 8 minutes. This is the only way the films should be taken. If you need to take two
films, place them on opposite sides under your tongue and try not to have them overlap. If you are taking more than 2 films,
place the next films under your tongue after the first two have dissolved.
Do not swallow or consume food or drink until the films are completely dissolved. The films will not work if you chew or swallow
them whole. They are not designed to be split or broken.
Do not inject SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM; patients have died from injecting SUBOXONE. Additionally, when injecting Suboxone
and also taking benzodiazepines (medicines used to treat anxiety or sleeping problems), people were even more likely to die.
How much to take.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM is only for adults and children over the age of 16 years. Your doctor will tell you how much SUBOXONE
SUBLINGUAL FILM to take and you should always follow medical advice.
Each SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM contains buprenorphine and naloxone. SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 2/0.5 containing 2mg buprenorphine
and 0.5mg naloxone is referred to as 'the 2mg film', SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 4/1 containing 4mg buprenorphine and 1mg naloxone
is referred to as 'the 4mg film', SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 8/2 containing 8mg buprenorphine and 2mg naloxone is referred to
as 'the 8mg film' and SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 12/3 containing 12mg buprenorphine and 3mg naloxone is referred to as 'the
On the first day the usual starting dose is 4 mg SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM with an additional 4 mg depending on your needs
as determined by your treating doctor.
For patients who are still using short acting opioids such as heroin, morphine, oxycodone or codeine: when starting treatment
the dose of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM should be taken when the first signs of craving appear or at least 6 hours after your
last use of opioid or when the first signs of craving appear.
For patients receiving methadone: before beginning treatment with SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM, your doctor will probably reduce
your dose of methadone to a maximum of 30 mg/day. The first dose of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM should preferably be taken when
the first signs of craving appear and at least 24 hours after your last dose of methadone.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM may cause withdrawal symptoms if taken too soon after methadone or an illicit opioid.
During your treatment, your doctor may increase your dose of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM up to a maximum daily dose of 32mg,
depending upon your response to treatment.
After a period of successful treatment, your doctor may gradually reduce your dose.
Depending on your condition, your dose may continue to be reduced under careful medical supervision, until it is stopped altogether.
Do not suddenly stop taking the films, as this may cause withdrawal symptoms.
If you miss a dose of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM
If you miss a dose of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM, take it as soon as you remember. If you are unsure consult your doctor.
In an emergency
Have family members or friends tell hospital or ambulance staff that you are dependent on opioids (narcotics) and are being
treated with SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM.
If you take too much SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM (overdose)
If you think that you or anyone else may have taken too much SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM, immediately telephone your doctor or
National Poison Centre (in Australia telephone 13 11 26 or in New Zealand telephone 0800 POISON or 0800 764 766), or go to
accident and emergency at your nearest hospital. Do this even if there are no signs of discomfort or poisoning.
You may need urgent medical attention.
Keep telephone numbers for these places handy.
If you take too much SUBOXONE, some of the symptoms which may or may not occur are listed in the Side effects section of this
Like all medicines, SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM may have unwanted side effects which may need medical treatment.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist to answer any questions you may have.
Do not be alarmed by the following lists of side effects. You may not experience any of them.
Many of the common side effects reported with the use of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM were related to opioid withdrawal symptoms,
difficulty sleeping, anxiety, nervousness
pain in the abdomen, back, joints and muscles, leg cramps, muscle weakness
flu like symptoms, such as chills, fever, sore throat, coughing, runny nose, watery eyes and sweating
upset stomach and diarrhoea.
Other side effects which have occurred are:
depression, abnormal thinking
reduced sex drive
nausea, vomiting, constipation, wind, indigestion, decreased weight
flushing, swelling of the legs and arms
rash and itching
redness in mouth, inflammation of the tongue
dizziness or fainting when standing up
If you think you are experiencing any of the above side effects, you should tell your doctor immediately.
If any of the following happen, tell your doctor immediately or go to Accident and Emergency at your nearest hospital. You
may need urgent medical attention.
There have been rare cases of life-threatening severe hypersensitivity reactions with symptoms of severe difficulty in breathing,
swelling of the face, lips, mouth or throat.
Some serious cases of severe liver problems have occurred during treatment with symptoms of severe fatigue, no appetite, yellow
skin or eyes, light coloured bowel motions or dark coloured urine.
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. Tell your doctor if you notice anything else that is
making you feel unwell.
After Using SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM
If you stop taking SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM and restart your opioid use, you are at risk of being more sensitive to opioids,
which could be dangerous. You should talk to your doctor if you commence using opioids again.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM contains a narcotic that can be a target for people who abuse prescription medicines or street drugs.
Therefore, keep your medications in a safe place to protect them from theft. Never give them to anyone else.
The films should be stored below 25°C in the original package. SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM should be protected from moisture
and prolonged exposure to light. As with all medicines, keep out of the reach of children. Do not use SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL
FILM after the expiry date that is shown on the pack.
What SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM Looks Like.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM is an orange, rectangular soluble film. A logo is printed on each film to indicate the dosage strength:
"N2" for the 2mg, "N4" for the 4mg, "N8" for the 8mg and "N12" for the 12mg.
Each SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 2/0.5 contains 2mg buprenorphine (as the hydrochloride) + 0.5mg naloxone (as the hydrochloride)
as active ingredients. Each SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 4/1 contains 4mg buprenorphine (as the hydrochloride) + 1mg naloxone
(as the hydrochloride) as active ingredients. Each SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 8/2 contains 8mg buprenorphine (as the hydrochloride)
+ 2mg naloxone (as the hydrochloride) as active ingredients. Each SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 12/3 contains 12mg buprenorphine
(as the hydrochloride) + 1mg naloxone (as the hydrochloride) as active ingredients.
SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM also contains the following inactive ingredients: acesulfame potassium, citric acid, maltitol solution,
hypromellose, polyethylene oxide, sodium citrate, lime flavour, Sunset Yellow FCF and a white printing ink.
Each pack of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 2/0.5 is labelled with AUST R 163443
Each pack of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 4/1 is labelled with AUST R 211117*
Each pack of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 8/2 is labelled with AUST R 163444
Each pack of SUBOXONE SUBLINGUAL FILM 12/3 is labelled with AUST R 211120*
*Not currently supplied.
Indivior Pty Ltd
78 Waterloo Road
Macquarie Park NSW 2113
For adverse event reporting please contact:
Indivior Pty Ltd
Date of Preparation: | <urn:uuid:01dcd2c7-6aeb-4a3f-90d6-fabd534dfd28> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.news-medical.net/drugs/Suboxone-Sublingual-Film.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00566-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904662 | 3,747 | 1.789063 | 2 |
In an era of instant gratification and fast-moving technological innovation, there's a lot to be said for getting back to our roots, digging in the dirt, sowing a bit of seed, and watching life spring out of the ground. The lessons learned from nature, gardening, and nurturing life teach us about the interconnectivity of all living things and engender a wholesome respect for the earth and an enduring commitment to making our world a better place.
The National Gardening Association (NGA) is committed to making gardening and plants a greater priority in the minds of the American public. Without plants, there is no life. Plants give us the clothes we wear, the air we breathe, and the food we eat. They bring nature to our congested cities, draw disparate communities together, and, quite simply, beautify our lives. Fostering understanding of and appreciation for the people-plant connection is at the heart of what we do.
Within the context of this connection lie solutions to food security concerns and the epidemic of childhood obesity, and hope for greater educational opportunities or our youth, environmental sustainability, and much more. Our legacy to future generations depends upon the priorities of this generation. Where we place gardening — with all of its facets and benefits — in our national priorities will ultimately help to define us as a nation. As you page through our Web sites I invite you, your school, your business, or your organization to be a part of this vision.
This article originally appeared in NGA's print quarterly, Growing Ideas. This newsletter features projects, profiles, and tips that address topics of interest to home, school, and community gardeners. Growing Ideas is mailed free to paid Supporters of NGA. Sign up for a free 6-month trial subscription (two issues). | <urn:uuid:52bac657-fe43-4adc-8168-d8265e799dde> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://garden.org/learn/articles/view/2651/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00499-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927851 | 363 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Bhujangasana, Resting on Hand
1) Lie down on the floor with your face downwards. Chin should touch the floor.
2) Both your toes should be kept together and they should be turned outwards.
3) Place your hands in such a way so that your lower arm till elbow should rest on the floor.
4) Elbow should be parallel to shoulder.
5) When you raise your trunk, your forearms should be touching the sides of the chest.
6) Now put pressure on the hands and raise your body up.
7) Breathing will be normal.
8) Now, hold this position till you finish counting.
Rest the body on the floor.
Take rest in shabasan in pronation.
Practice for once more. | <urn:uuid:1d53e8dd-ea69-4bb5-9b9c-4a10b2a10efb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.woyoso.org/bhujangasana-resting-on-hand.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00280-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.825722 | 167 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Posted: January 26th, 2016
Ethics and the IT Auditor:
Jill Mathews, an IT audit senior for a global insurance company, was recently asked to perform an IT audit of the company’s new cloud computing and virtualization migration plan. Her Manager asks that she perform the audit in the next four weeks. She is not familiar with these new technologies, and is worried about being able to complete the requirements of this audit. What are the ethical considerations and requirements Jill should consider?
Audit Standards – Independence:
The IT Audit Director is responsible for monitoring the weekly security access control report and can instruct the security administration team to make access related changes to user IDs and profiles based on her risk analysis. Explain why this is or is not an appropriately designed control procedure.
HINT: Think critically about the audit profession’s professional standards regarding independence.
Place an order in 3 easy steps. Takes less than 5 mins. | <urn:uuid:160bc838-35cc-4e48-a086-deb1f1730e27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thecollegepapers.com/the-it-audit-director-is-responsible-for-monitoring-the-weekly-security-access-control-report-and-can-instruct-the-security-administration-team-to-make-access-related-changes-to-user-ids-and-profiles/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.947689 | 193 | 2.5 | 2 |
In the hall, Mano Ramanathan, C. Chanmugam, HMGS Palihakkara, Chairman CR de Silva, A. Rohan Perera, Karu Hangawatte and MP Paranagama sit, in commission. The Chairman looks visibly nervous. He presses his hand to his face and slightly trembles, but when he begins to speak he is quite authoritative. The commission guides and at times leads the first witness Bernard Goonetilleke through what quickly becomes a lengthy indictment of the peace process and the CFA. If the controversial UN Panel is an investigation of how the government of Sri Lanka ended the war, this is an investigation of why.
“My fellow brothers and sister commissioners,” said Chairman de Silva. “As we’re all aware, the people of our country have gone through the trauma of thirty years of war. Only one year since the military vanquished the most ruthless terrorist organization, time has come to ensure that this country veers away from the insidious rocks of communal disharmony and distrust and sails to the tranquil waters of peace and prosperity.”
In reading out the writ of the commission, Varuna de Saram stated that the job of the commission was to “report on 2002 to 2009, the facts that lead to the failure of the Ceasefire Agreement and the events thereafter, whether any person has responsibility, whether any require reparations, and lessons to be implemented for future.”
To that end the commission called the former head of the Peace Secretariat, Bernard Goonetilleke. His testimony broadly identified the LTTE’s unwillingness to address substantive issues as the root cause with the LTTE being the party responsible. He further said that civilians required repatriation to their lands, particularly in areas occupied by the military and that, in hindsight, one lesson learnt was that the CFA was not a good model.
A Ceasefire That Favored The LTTE
While external parties have called for an investigation into the latter phases of war, this commission pointedly began in the deeper past. Goonetilleke – a former Ambassador to the US and China as well as to the UN in Geneva – spoke of the multiple political and administrative failures dating from independence.
“Sufficient attempts were made,” he said. “An important fact to remember is that 1987 (negotiations) forced the death of the Indian Prime Minister, then there was an attempt on Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga, etc. We saw at various phases, those that were involved in negotiations faced threats, attempts and death.”
While Goonetilleke said that the cease-fire was the best a divided government could do in the face of divided LTTE, he was clear that it was not good. In questioning he agreed with Chairman de Silva when he asked whether the cease-fire was drafted by Norway in consultation with Anton Balasingham in London, ultimately resulting in a document that favored the LTTE. “I am inclined to agree with you,” he said. “Given circumstances on the ground, it appears the administration thought this was the best they could get.
Constant Violations And Bad Intentions
“When we look into process of negotiation that went on, the LTTE side never allowed substantive issues to be discussed. All we were allowed to discuss was existential issues affecting the civilian population in the North and East,” Goonetilleke said. Later he cited an anecdote involving LTTE negotiator Balasingham. “When we tried to engage Balasingham on substantive issues, he said you are putting me in great difficulty. He said if I discuss, you do this [making a sign of his throat being cut]. He was trying to avoid his neck being cut.”
Goonetilleke said that the LTTE plan appeared to be using the cease-fire to buy time in a post 9/11 landscape that tolerated less of their overt terrorism. He said, however, that then Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe was also buying time by weakening the LTTE through peace. “There was a decision not to confront the LTTE because the longer you keep them in the negotiation process, you weaken their foundation. By allowing LTTErs to go on vacation, visit their parents, have girlfriends and boyfriends, get married, that weakened their strong foundation.”
He said the LTTE violated the cease-fire from day one, accumulating far more violations than the government, unchecked by the Sri Lanka Monitoring Mission which he called a watchdog without approval to bite. In the end, he said, it was clear that the LTTE wanted to resume military actions, blockading Trinco and trying to re-occupy Jaffna. To that end they prevented citizens from voting in the 2005 Presidential election (likely in favor of Ranil Wickremesinghe), instead tacitly supporting Mahinda Rajapaksa, who they thought a hardliner.
The broader conclusion of the first sitting of the panel seems to be that the Ceasefire Agreement was a hasty failure that favored the LTTE. Even then the LTTE proved difficult, violating the ceasefire in act and intent precipitating the final war. The unsaid but implied conclusion is that this final war, however it was conducted, finally addressed what Goonetilleke called a ‘running sore’ that had political and administrative attempts had been unable to fix. | <urn:uuid:398eba24-f5f5-4a38-8fdb-1751ef83bd90> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.vivalanka.com/news/page.jsp?articleid=96635 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00483-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974764 | 1,124 | 1.882813 | 2 |
By Bob Drogin and John Goetz, Special to The Los Angeles Times, 11/20/05
BERLIN — The German intelligence officials responsible for one of the most important informants on Saddam Hussein's suspected weapons of mass destruction say that the Bush administration and the CIA repeatedly exaggerated his claims during the run-up to the war in Iraq.
Five senior officials from Germany's Federal Intelligence Service, or BND, said in interviews with The Times that they warned U.S. intelligence authorities that the source, an Iraqi defector code-named Curveball, never claimed to produce germ weapons and never saw anyone else do so.
According to the Germans, President Bush mischaracterized Curveball's information when he warned before the war that Iraq had at least seven mobile factories brewing biological poisons. Then-Secretary of State Colin L. Powell also misstated Curveball's accounts in his prewar presentation to the United Nations on Feb. 5, 2003, the Germans said.
Curveball's German handlers for the last six years said his information was often vague, mostly secondhand and impossible to confirm.
"This was not substantial evidence," said a senior German intelligence official. "We made clear we could not verify the things he said."
The German authorities, speaking about the case for the first time, also said that their informant suffered from emotional and mental problems. "He is not a stable, psychologically stable guy," said a BND official who supervised the case. "He is not a completely normal person," agreed a BND analyst.
Curveball was the chief source of inaccurate prewar U.S. accusations that Baghdad had biological weapons, a commission appointed by Bush reported this year. The commission did not interview Curveball, who still insists his story was true, or the German officials who handled his case.
The German account emerges as the White House is lashing out at domestic critics, particularly Senate Democrats, over allegations the administration manipulated intelligence to go to war. Last week, Vice President Dick Cheney called such claims reprehensible and pernicious.
In Congress, the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence is resuming its long-stalled investigation of the administration's use of prewar intelligence. Committee members said last week that the Curveball case would be a key part of their review. House Democrats are calling for a similar inquiry.
An investigation by The Times based on interviews since May with about 30 current and former intelligence officials in the U.S., Germany, England, Iraq and the United Nations, as well as other experts, shows that U.S. bungling in the Curveball case was worse than official reports have disclosed.
The White House, for example, ignored evidence gathered by United Nations weapons inspectors shortly before the war that disproved Curveball's account. Bush and his aides issued increasingly dire warnings about Iraq's biological weapons before the war even though intelligence from Curveball had not changed in two years.
At the Central Intelligence Agency, officials embraced Curveball's account even though they could not confirm it or interview him until a year after the invasion. They ignored multiple warnings about his reliability before the war, punished in-house critics who provided proof that he had lied and refused to admit error until May 2004, 14 months after the invasion.
After the CIA vouched for Curveball's accounts, Bush declared in his 2003 State of the Union speech that Iraq had "mobile biological weapons labs" designed to produce "germ warfare agents." Bush cited the mobile germ factories in at least four prewar speeches and statements, and other world leaders repeated the charge.
Powell also highlighted Curveball's "eyewitness" account when he warned the United Nations Security Council on the eve of war that Iraq's mobile labs could brew enough weapons-grade microbes "in a single month to kill thousands upon thousands of people."
The senior BND officer who supervised Curveball's case said he was aghast when he watched Powell misstate Curveball's claims as a justification for war.
"We were shocked," the official said. "Mein Gott! We had always told them it was not proven…. It was not hard intelligence."
In a telephone interview, Powell said that George J. Tenet, then the director of central intelligence, and his top deputies personally assured him before his U.N. speech that U.S. intelligence on the mobile labs was "solid." Since then, Powell said, the case "has totally blown up in our faces." | <urn:uuid:b7facbb2-4a6c-4b19-8a69-b442981bfb7e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://lettrist.blogspot.com/2005/11/key-witness-for-iraqi-wmd-was-never.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719843.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00293-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970294 | 910 | 1.585938 | 2 |
- Nano Express
- Open Access
Silicon Nanostructures Produced by Modified MacEtch Method for Antireflective Si Surface
Nanoscale Research Letters volume 12, Article number: 106 (2017)
This work pertains to the method for modification of silicon (Si) wafer morphology by metal-assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) technique suitable for fabrication of antireflective Si surfaces. For this purpose, we made different Au catalyst patterns on the surface of Si substrate. This modification allowed to obtain the close-packed Au nanodrop (ND) pattern that generates the nanowires (NWs) and the well-separated Au NDs, which induce the nanopore (NP) formation. The antireflective properties of these structures in comparison with NWs produced by the conventional Ag-MacEtch method were analysed. The total surface reflectance of 1~7% for SiNWs and ~17% for SiNPs was observed over the entire Si-absorbing region. Moreover, SiNWs prepared by Au-MacEtch demonstrate better antireflective properties in contrast to those formed by conventional Ag-assisted chemical etching. So, the use of SiNWs produced by the modified Au-MacEtch method as the antireflective material is favored over those prepared by Ag-MacEtch due to their higher light absorption and lower reflectance. The possible reason of these findings is discussed.
Photovoltaic manufacturing is one of the most perspective branches of modern industry, which develops intensively and demonstrates larger percentage of electrical power production growth . To achieve a high-efficiency Si solar cell (SC), antireflective layers/structures are inevitably necessary [2–6]. Fine surface structures, comprising features on the nanometer scale, can provide excellent antireflective performance [3–6]. In this regard, a recently developed metal-assisted chemical etching is a method that produces anisotropic high aspect ratio nanowires (NWs), which reduce optical loss, enhance optical absorption, and improve carrier extraction for high performance and low-cost solar cells [7–13]. In addition to NWs, the nanoporous Si surfaces prepared by MacEtch demostrate good antireflective properties also. In particular, Peng et al. showed that the efficiency of nanopore-based SCs can be as high as 9.51% . In their work , authors have shown that nanoporous structures require several times less Si by mass to obtain the same ultimate efficiency as a standard Si wafer. In our previous works [16–19], we showed that micro- and nanotexturization of the Si wafer by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown SiNWs and MacEtch-ed nanopores enhance an optical absorption spectra. However, because of random distribution and non-controllable orientation of SiNWs, as a result of vapor-liquid-solid crystal growth , the efficiency of such SC was still low.
As it is well known, NWs or nanopores (NPs) can be formed from different noble metal-catalyst patterns, e.g., Ag nanoparticle network is self-generated from AgNO3 solution [9, 21–23] or an Au thin film thermally deposited on Si substrate . The solution-based patterning is simple and less expensive approach but doesn't provide a good control over the produced feature size and shape . Moreover, the etch rate is ~10 times slower than that of typical thin film catalyzed MacEtch .
The aim of this work is the modification of Si wafer morphology by the MacEtch method for fabrication of antireflective Si surfaces. The technological features of MacEtch producing SiNWs and SiNPs with the right size and density were also considered and analyzed. Taking into account the fact that the distance between metal catalyst particles strongly influences the morphology of the etched structures [27, 28], we proposed to form two different Au-catalyst patterns on the surface of Si substrate. This modification allowed to obtain the close-packed Au nanodrop (ND) pattern that generates the NWs and the well-separated Au NDs, which induce the NP formation. The antireflective properties of these structures in comparison with NWs produced by the conventional Ag-MacEtch method were also analyzed.
For obtaining the nanostructured Si surfaces, the p-type Si wafers with crystallographic orientation (100) and resistivity 10 Ω × cm were used. The wafers were cut into samples of 2 × 2 cm2. The chemical cleaning of Si wafer samples was conducted according to the RCA procedure , which is used in the semiconductor industry for removing organic and metal contaminants. It included at the first phase the treatment in a mixture of water, hydrogen peroxide (35%), and ammonium hydroxide (27%) H2O/H2O2/NH4OH at a ratio of 5:1:1. The cleaning process was carried out at 75 °C for 10 min followed by rinsing in deionized (DI) water and drying. Afterwards, the specimens were immersed in solution consisting of HF (49%) and H2O (1:10) for 5 min to remove the layer of native oxide SiO2.
The catalyst pattern formation on Si wafer was realized through two different deposition approaches, namely, (i) the self-generation of dendrite-like Ag network from AgNO3 solution (for Ag-MacEtch) and (ii) the evaporation of an Au thin film (for Au-MacEtch).
In the first approach, Ag nanoparticles were deposited on Si surface from AgNO3/HF (0.02/4.6 M) solution for 2 min at room temperature. The chemical etching of Si samples, coated by Ag nanoparticles, was performed at room temperature in HF/H2O2 (4.6/0.15 M) system for 3 min.
Illustrated in Fig. 1 is the formation process of SiNWs on Si substrate using modified MacEtch, which includes the next steps: thermal vacuum deposition of metal catalyst (Au) on Si substrate (see Fig. 1a), annealing of samples at 600 °C in vacuum chamber for 30 min to coagulation of an Au thin film into the nanodrops (Fig. 1b), and etching of as-prepared samples in the etchant consisting of HF (49%)+H2O2 (35%)+H2O = 4:1:40 for 10–15 min for subsequent NW formation (Fig. 1c).
After chemical treatment, the samples were rinsed several times in DI water and dried. The residual gold particles were removed in a low concentrated aqua regia solution.
The surface morphology of Si samples was examined using a scanning electron microscopy (106I SEM, JEOL JSM-U3 SEM, Hitachi S-4800 SEM). The absorption and reflectance spectra of nanostructured Si surfaces were obtained on Specord Plus and Shimadzu UV-3101PC spectrophotometers.
Results and Discussion
Figure 2 shows the top view (a) and cross-section (b) SEM images of Si substrate after Ag-MacEtch treatment in HF/H2O2. As a result of etching, the vertically aligned SiNW arrays with diameters ranging from 64 to 240 nm and a height of about 2 μm were formed on Si substrate (Fig. 2b).
Figure 3 shows the cross-section (a) and top view (b) SEM images of Si wafer covered with an Au thin film, which was thermally deposited at 1.5 × 10−5 Torr vacuum. The thickness of an Au thin film was determined by a weight, and it was 50 nm thick, as it could be estimated from Fig. 3a. Furthermore, Fig. 3b shows that the film is discontinuous, consisting of isolated islands.
The thermal annealing of gold-covered Si specimens at 600 °C for 30 min resulted in the coagulation of an Au thin film into nanodrops. Figure 4a shows that the nanodrops are close-packed with high density and their mean diameter is about 200 nm. As it was mention above, to obtain a nanoporous Si surface, the Au nanodrop catalysts must be well separated on Si substrate. This was achieved by varying the annealing time. Figure 4b shows that the increase of annealing time to 54 min led to the formation of non-close-packed nanodrops with a diameter ranging from 250 up to 1 μm. The observed nanodrop size enlargement coincides with the results obtained by Naydich et al. .
Shown in Fig. 5a, b are the SEM images of etched Si surface after 30 min treatment in HF/H2O2/H2O (4:1:40) solution. Thus, the pattern from close-packed Au nanodrops induced the formation of vertically aligned SiNWs with an average diameter of about 200 nm (Fig. 5a). In contrast to 2-μm-long SiNWs produced by Ag-MacEtch, the 5-μm-long SiNWs were obtained by the Au-MacEtch method at the same etching time and temperature. The possible explanation for this lies in the effect of thermal annealing on adhesion properties of Si surface, thus providing a high binding energy and good contact at the Au nanodrop/Si surface interface. As a result, the etching starts immediately along the vertical direction. Meanwhile, due to a poor contact between Ag particles precipitated from AgNO3 solution and Si surface, the lateral etching of the latter may occur at the initial stage of Ag-MacEtch and the decreasing of total etch rate, as a consequence.
Another nanostructured Si surface predicted the use of well-separated Au nanodrops to catalyze the etching of isolated pores. For this purpose, the non-close-packed Au nanodrops were used to form SiNPs on Si surface (Fig. 5b). The diameter of Au-generated pores varies from 250 up to 1 μm and corresponds to the size of Au nanodrops.
Figure 6 depicts the reflectance spectrum of the SiNW arrays prepared by Ag-MacEtch. As can be seen, the reflectance of 1% is observed mainly in the visible spectrum wavelengths. Figure 7 compares the optical reflection between clean Si wafer (served as reference), SiNWs, and SiNPs produced by Au-MacEtch and SiNWs produced by Ag-assisted MacEtch. As shown in Fig. 7 (curve 4), it is obvious that the reflectance of SiNWs produced by Au-MacEtch is as low as 1~5%, whereas, for Si samples with SiNPs produced by Au-MacEtch, this value corresponds to 17% (see Fig. 7, curve 2). At the same time, SiNWs produced by Ag-assisted MacEtch are characterized by lower reflectance (see Fig. 7, curve 3), which is comparable to those produced by Au-MacEtch. These results are in good agreement with previous findings that the use of longer SiNWs can result in a lower optical specular reflectance .
In addition, an excelent light absorption of ~95–98% in the wavelength region above ~750 nm for the case of SiNWs produced by Au-MacEtch is shown in Fig. 8, curve 2. The similar was observed for SiNWs produced by Ag-MacEtch (Fig. 8, curve 4). The curve 3 in Fig. 8 corresponds to the absorption of SiNPs produced by Au-MacEtch, which is found to be less than the absorption of SiNWs, but naturally higher than that of clean Si wafer (Fig. 8, curve 1).
The aforementioned observations support the theory proposed by Li et al. . It states that from the point of view of wave optics, the light wavelength in the low energy region (corresponds to long wavelengths) is much longer than the distance between the SiNW arrays. Accordingly, the incident light wave can easily penetrate through the SiNW array, reaching the underlying Si layer and interacting with it. This is well evidenced by the reflectance and absorption spectra of SiNW samples in the corresponding energy region. This also explains the higher light absorption of Au-MacEtch-ed SiNWs, the density of which is quite high, in comparison to Ag-produced SiNWs with lower density and partial size distribution. Moreover, the 5-μm-long SiNWs prepared by Au-MacEtch demonstrate better antireflective properties in contrast to the 2-μm-long SiNWs formed by conventional Ag-assisted chemical etching.
In conclusion, metal-assisted Si chemical etching was performed using different approaches to form SiNW and SiNP arrays. The first one consisting of a deposition of Ag nanoparticles on Si substrate from AgNO3/HF solution and subsequent etching in HF/H2O2 resulted in the formation of 2-μm-long vertically aligned Si nanowires with diameters ranging from 64 to 240 nm. The second one included such steps as the thermal vacuum deposition of an Au thin film on Si substrate, annealing of these samples for the coagulation of an Au film into the nanodrops, and subsequent etching of as-prepared samples in HF/H2O2/H2O. By varying the annealing time, two patterns from close-packed and non-close-packed Au nanodrops were obtained on the Si surface. From these patterns, the 5-μm-long SiNWs and SiNPs with various diameters were formed in the etching process.
We investigated the influence of modified Si MacEtch technique on the morphologies and optical properties of Si substrate surface decorated with SiNWs and NPs to achieve the desirable antireflection for practical solar cell applications. Around 1~7% and ~17% of total surface reflectance were observed over the entire Si-absorbing region for the case of SiNWs and SiNPs, respectively. Meanwhile, 5-μm-long SiNWs fabricated by Au-MacEtch exhibited high absorption of 98% in the visible region of the spectrum. Therefore, the use of SiNWs obtained by the modified Au-MacEtch method as the antireflective material is favored over those prepared by Ag-MacEtch due to their higher light absorption and lower reflectance.
Chemical vapour deposition
Metal-assisted chemical etching
Radio Corporation of America
Scanning electron microscope
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The authors would like to thank Dr. Chekaylo M.V. (Lviv Polytechnic National University) for the technical support of the SEM studies.
Publication is based on the research provided by the grant support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (Project No. 0115U000445) and the State Fund for Fundamental Research (Project No. F64/30-2015).
SN proposed the original idea, carried out the most of the experimental works associated with the fabrication of SiNWs and SiNPs by the Au-MacEtch method, and prepared the manuscript. AD developed the conceptual framework and supervised the whole work. AE helped in the characterization of SiNWs fabricated by the conventional Ag-MacEtch method, analyzed the results, carried out the measurements of optical properties, and finalized the manuscript. OB assisted in the experiments and measurements. OS prepared SiNWs by the conventional Ag-MacEtch method and carried out the characterization of the samples. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate
This study has nothing to do with human participants or health-related outcomes.
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Nichkalo, S., Druzhinin, A., Evtukh, A. et al. Silicon Nanostructures Produced by Modified MacEtch Method for Antireflective Si Surface. Nanoscale Res Lett 12, 106 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-017-1886-2
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The Suffolk County Health Department announced Friday that new mosquito samples have tested positive for West Nile virus in Dix Hills, Huntington and Northport.
The samples, all Culex pipiens-restuans, were collected between July 30 and Aug. 5, from Dix Hills (1), West Babylon (1), and Huntington (2), Northport (1), Lindenhurst (1), East Hampton(1). In addition, one dead bird has tested positive for West Nile Virus.
To date, the county has confirmed 42 mosquito samples have tested positive for West Nile Virus. To date, there are no human cases.
West Nile virus, first detected in birds and mosquito samples in Suffolk County in 1999 and again each year thereafter, is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. No humans or horses have tested positive for West Nile virus in Suffolk this year.
“The confirmation of West Nile virus in mosquito samples or birds indicates the presence of West Nile virus in the area,” said Dr. James Tomarken, health commissioner. “While there is no cause for alarm, we advise residents to cooperate with us in our efforts to reduce the exposure to the virus, which can be debilitating to humans.”
Tomarken said most people infected with West Nile virus will experience mild or no symptoms, but some can develop severe symptoms including high fever, headache, neck stiffness, stupor, disorientation, coma, tremors, convulsions, muscle weakness, vision loss, numbness and paralysis. The symptoms may last several weeks, and neurological effects may be permanent. Individuals, especially those 50 years of age or older, or those with compromised immune systems, who are most at risk, are urged to take precautions to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes. | <urn:uuid:69414478-4bfa-4740-9d7c-4dc6c3eb4125> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://huntingtonnow.com/west-nile-found-in-more-mosquitoes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.921278 | 366 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Communities In Pakistan Battle With Mother Nature
A third successive year of flooding in Pakistan has hit millions of people already suffering from high food prices, malnutrition and poverty.
PAKISTAN - A third successive year of flooding in Pakistan has hit millions of people already suffering from high food prices, malnutrition and poverty.
The new flooding has caused the deaths of nearly 400 people, destroyed houses and damaged hundreds of thousands of acres of standing crops.
While Punjab province is slightly better off in terms of resources, Sindh and Balochistan have been hit hard. Malnutrition rates and levels of food insecurity here are alarming, according to the National Nutrition Survey (NNS) of 2011 conducted by Government of Pakistan’s Health Ministry.
Many of the districts affected were already struggling to recover from the 2010 and the 2011 floods. The communities have now become more vulnerable after this latest shock.
At the request of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) has already started food distributions to tens of thousands of affected people in Sindh and Balochistan.
A one-month food ration is being distributed to about 10,000 families in Jacobabad district of Sindh and to 5,000 families in each of two districts of Balochistan - Jaffarabad and Naseerabad.
The WFP food basket is made up of fortified wheat flour, pulses, vegetable oil and iodized salt, as well as High Energy Biscuits and specialized ready-to-use supplementary food for small children, designed to protect against malnutrition, particularly during times of crisis.
"This is the first time we are getting such type of assistance from anyone. No one has distributed anything here,” said Khan Muhammad, who had just picked up a food ration for his family at a WFP distribution point, established at the Notal Police Station in Naseerabad. “My house was destroyed when our area was flooded and I have been struggling to rebuild it for the past two years. I do daily labour for my livelihood.”
With road access limited due to the flood waters inundating many highways, WFP has also deployed 29 motorboats to reach some of the worst affected communities.
As part of its logistics support to the national authorities, these boats are helping to supply relief goods to people who are stranded in many locations as well as assisting in rescue work. The boats are the only means to reach many houses surrounded by water.
WFP will be completing its first phase of food distribution within the week to 20,000 families in Sindh and Balochistan, but the needs are greater. Any assistance beyond this phase will need additional funding and WFP is seeking urgent donations of US$15 million. | <urn:uuid:8d9a842e-4bb5-4d64-a5e5-d8b67bbb818d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://m.wfp.org/stories/communities-pakistan-battle-mother-nature?device=mobile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00216-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972444 | 562 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Devoured : from chicken wings to kale smoothies-- how what we eat defines who we are / Sophie Egan.
- 4 of 5 copies available at Evergreen Indiana.
0 current holds with 5 total copies.
|Location||Call Number / Copy Notes||Barcode||Shelving Location||Status||Due Date|
|Greensburg-Decatur County Public Library - Greensburg||394.12 EGAN (Text)||32826014024467||New Books||Available||-|
|Peabody Public Library - Columbia City||LEASED NON-FICTION 394.12 EGAN (Text)||30403002170793||Adult - Non-Fiction Bestseller||Available||-|
|Plainfield-Guilford Township Public Library||394.1209 Egan (Text)||31208912453059||new non-fiction||Checked out||10/31/2016|
|Rochester Library||394.1 EGA (Text)||33187004063679||Nonfiction - R||Available||-|
|Seymour Main Library||394.12 EGAN (Text)||37500004200578||New Items||Available||-|
- ISBN: 9780062390981
- ISBN: 0062390988
- Physical Description: ix, 403 pages ; 24 cm
- Edition: First edition.
- Publisher: New York : William Morrow, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers,
- Copyright: ©2016
|Bibliography, etc. Note:|| Includes bibliographical references (pages -388) and index.
|Formatted Contents Note:|| The muddle of the modern mean -- Food at work -- Having it our way -- Selling absence -- Secular church -- Diet evangelism -- The democratization of wine -- The age of stunt foods -- Cheesepocalypse -- The story of spaghetti -- What to make of all this.
|Summary, etc.:|| A look at the deeper meaning behind our food choices: from the prioritization of convenience over health to the ways food at work affects our happiness; from the American obsession with "having it our way" at Starbucks, Chipotle and other chains that individualize the eating experience to the fascinating dynamic between highbrow food culture--artisan this and small-batch that--and the lowbrow, such as Taco Bell's sale of 100 million Doritos Locos Tacos in just ten weeks.
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The Turkish Cypriot leadership’s offer to the Greek Cypriot government to collaborate on hydrocarbons is still on the table but being ignored, a press release from the Turkish Cypriot ‘presidency’ office said on Monday.
The Greek Cypriot side is infringing on the rights of Turkish Cypriots and Turkey when it comes to hydrocarbon exploration, the statement said, adding that the north is determined to protect its “legal rights and interests in the eastern Mediterranean”.
“The Turkish Cypriot side has as many rights as the Greek Cypriot side in the exploration, extraction and exploitation of natural resources” in the area, it added.
The statement reminded that according to the deal with Turkey allowing Turkish petroleum (TPAO) to explore specific blocks, seismological surveys have been carried out in an area of 1,000 kilometres, as well as three drillings.
“We are hoping that TPAO’s exploration has positive outcomes for us as soon as possible.”
The statement added that as long as the Greek Cypriot side continues its “unilateral actions” regarding hydrocarbons, the Turkish Cypriots will continue with their own “because of our sovereign equality and equal status”.
“However, we remain open to diplomacy,” it said. “Our 2019 offer for cooperation is on the table, and we fully support Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s proposal for a comprehensive conference on the Eastern Mediterranean.”
It went on to accuse the Greek Cypriot leadership of ignoring these proposals, continuing with provocative actions that mount tension.
“Just last weekend, they attempted to violate Turkey’s continental shelf with research vessel Nautical Geo, using the EastMed pipeline project as an excuse,” it said.
The statement also claimed that the project, “which lost US support and whose economic sustainability has not been examined, has clear political motivations to exclude us and Turkey”.
Finally it calls on the Greek Cypriot leadership to stop its provocative actions and reasonably re-evaluate the Turkish Cypriot side’s proposal for cooperation. | <urn:uuid:305819f4-146e-42a4-a08a-980b45750bf4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.paphosinvestments.com/greek-cypriots-accused-of-ignoring-turkish-cypriot-offer-over-gas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.951549 | 454 | 1.6875 | 2 |
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