text stringlengths 181 608k | id stringlengths 47 47 | dump stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 13 2.97k | file_path stringlengths 125 140 | language stringclasses 1
value | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 50 138k | score float64 1.5 5 | int_score int64 2 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
So, you want to start your own blog?
Everyone want to start their own blog.
How do you get started?
I started learning blogging some years ago (around 2011). During that time, I got to know about blogging. I then started blogging out of a passion for learning new things. It took me around 2 years to start my very first blog (in 2013). But now, over the years, I’ve learned a lot about blogging.
(You Can Read Full Story About My Blogging Journey – Here)
Blogging has quickly become one of the most popular ways of communicating and spreading information and news. There are millions of blogs online today.
But Why Blogging?
Why You Should Start Your Own Blog?
There are many reasons:
- Blogging Is Free/Affordable
- Blogging Can Make You Express Yourself
- Blogging Can Help You Learn New Things
- Blogging Can Make You a Better Person
- Blogging Can Help Other People
- Blogging Can Make You A Better Writer
- Blogging Can Make You Stand Out
- Blogging Can Build Your Confidence
- Blogging Can Help You Connect With Bloggers Around The World
- Blogging Can Promote Your Work, Art, Hobby
- Blogging Can Boost Your Creativity
- Blogging Can Give You Freedom
- Blogging Can Help You Build Your Network
- Blogging Can Help To Grow Your Business
- Blogging Can Help You Make Money
That’s awesome, isn’t it?
Still Confused? Then, check out our detailed post: Why You Should Start Your Own Blog?
Luckily, nowadays, setting up a blog is easier than ever.
So, let’s move on.
Steps Covered In This Blogging Guide:
There are 5 main steps you need to go through in order to set up your own blog.
5 Steps On How to Start Your Own Blog:
- Deciding Niche For Your Blog
- Choosing Your Preferred Blog Platform
- Choosing A Domain Name For Your Blog
- Choosing Hosting For Your Blog
- Designing & Configuring Your Blog
BONUS : Useful Tools & Resources For Blogging (at the end)
So, let’s start!
STEP 1: Deciding Niche For Your Blog
The first step for starting a blog is deciding a niche for your blog i.e. what your blog will focus on. There are many niches to focus on. Some of them are :
- Personal Finance
You can select a current trending niche for your blog. The best is to choose a niche you’re passionate about. Blogging is to be enjoyed.
First, you need to think that what are you good at – what are your hobbies, interests & passion?
When I launched my first blog, I found that I was really passionate about Technology, Gadgets & Gizmos. So, I made that my niche.
STEP 2: Choosing Your Preferred Blog Platform
Deciding to start a blog comes with a lot of decisions to make.
One such decision is:
Which is the best blogging platform I should use?
Choosing where you want to build blog is pretty much the first thing you have to do.
Here Are Top Most Blogging Platforms:
- WordPress.org – WordPress.org is the world’s most popular blogging software.
- WordPress.com – WordPress.com is a blog hosting service offered by Automattic, a Company created by WordPress.org Co-Founder – Matt Mullenweg.
- Blogger – Acquired by Google in 2003, Blogger is a free blog hosting service which offers a quick and easy way to create a blog for non-tech-savvy users.
- Tumblr – Tumblr is a microblogging platform with social networking features including following other blogs, reblogging, built-in sharing tools, and more.
- Medium – Launched in 2012, Medium has grown into a community of writers, bloggers, journalists, and experts.
- Squarespace – Squarespace is a website building service that allows you to create beautiful websites using easy drag and drop tools.
- Wix – Wix is a hosted platform to build websites.
- Joomla – Joomla is an open source software content management system, just like WordPress.org.
- Ghost – Ghost is a minimalist blogging platform with limited features focused on writing blog posts.
- Weebly – Weebly is a hosted platform that allows you to build your website using drag and drop tools.
Free Platform Or Self-Hosted Platform?
This is the biggest decision you’ll have to make before we go any further.
You need to decide whether to pay for your blog or grab a free one.
On a free blog, your blog’s web address (your URL) will look ugly.
Here’s how it will look:
Blogger : www.yourblog.blogspot.com
WordPress (Hosted)(WordPress.com) : www.yourblog.wordpress.com
WordPress (Self-Hosted)(WordPress.org) : www.yourblog.com
Ugly, right ?
Free blogs do have some dis-advantages.
Here Are Some Of The Dis-Advantages:
- You Don’t Get Your Own Domain Name
- You Don’t Own Your Blog Completely
- You Have Limited Access To Your Blog
- You Can’t Fully Monetize Your Blog
So, it is always recommended to use self-hosting for your blog such as Managed WordPress Hosting, as its pretty easy to use & customize.
If your interest is to start a blog for business, a self-hosted WordPress blog is more professional.
Also, it’s cheap nowadays to get a Domain Name & Hosting.
Some hosting Companies also offer free domain name with their hosting package/plan.
STEP 3: Choosing A Domain Name For Your Blog
The domain is basically the URL of your website.
Here are some examples of domain names:
techrevolve.com (techrevolve.com is our domain)
First things first, in order to start a blog, you need to brainstorm domain names.
Choose a domain name related to your interest and have some good keyword. Make out a list of domains with your focused keywords. Also, keep your domain name as short as possible (around 6-14 characters).
Here Are Three Main Points To Keep In Mind While Choosing A Domain Name For Your Blog:
- Domain Name Must Be Unique & Creative
- Domain Name Must Be Easy to Write
- Domain Name Must Be Easy to Pronounce
You can use Domainr to check whether your domain name is available or not.
You can also use services such as Namechk & Namecheckr to make sure that your new target domain name is available on all major social sites or not.
STEP 4: Choosing Hosting For Your Blog
Hosting is basically the company that puts your website up on the internet so everyone else can see it. Everything will be saved on there.
It is a service that allows organizations and individuals to post a website or web page on to the Internet.
Choosing the best hosting service for your blog can improve your blog’s ranking, SEO and can also increase sales.
If you are thinking about WordPress hosting, then there are various WordPress hosting options to choose from such as:
- Free WordPress Hosting
- Shared WordPress Hosting
- Managed WordPress Hosting
- VPS WordPress Hosting
- Dedicated Hosting
There Are Six Most Important Points You Need To Look After When Choosing A Hosting Plan:
- Reliability – Uptime
- Flexibility – Is the Hosting Plan Upgradable, Downgradable, Easy To Transfer?
- Quality – User-Friendliness of cPanel (Control Panel), Admin Dashboard
- Price – Is it Worth The Price?
- Need – Does It Fit Your Needs?
- Customer Support – Does Hosting Company Offer 24/7 Support To Customers?
If you are a blogger, then it is recommended to use Managed WordPress Hosting for your blog, as its pretty easy to use & customize.
You can check out & compare Hosting Plans/Packages from various Hosting Providers such as:
Do Check Out Our “Deals” Section For Some Amazing Deals & Discounts.
STEP 5: Designing & Configuring Your Blog
Now, the last part – Designing & Configuring your blog.
So, you’ve followed all the above steps & now you are thinking about designing your blog.
Designing & configuring blog is easy nowadays.
Just Keep These Three Things In Mind While Choosing A Theme For Your Blog:
- Does The Theme Looks Professional?
- Is The Theme Easy to Customize?
- Is The Theme Easy to Navigate?
So, if these three things suit your needs & your blog needs, then you are ready to choose that particular theme for your blog.
If you are thinking to choose Self-Hosted WordPress Platform, it would be really easy & helpful in designing & configuring your blog.
You can install a free WordPress theme by heading over to :
WP-Admin Dashboard > Appearance > Themes
You can also buy a Premium theme for your blog on ThemeForest.
WordPress also has this awesome feature that allows you to change themes with just a few clicks.
Remember, your blog’s design should reflect both – you and your personality, but also what the blog is about.
Once WordPress is installed on your website, all you have to do to start blogging is go to your WP-Admin page, usually – www.yourblogname.com/wp-admin and start writing by adding a new post.
At the start, the layout may look confusing, but it is very easy to understand and user-friendly.
BONUS: Useful Tools & Resources For Blogging
Here Are Some Useful Tools & Resources For Blogging:
- Why You Should Start Your Own Blog
- Top 15 Most Important Things To Do After Creating WordPress Blog For The First Time
- How To Secure Your WordPress Website
- How To Grow Your Blog And Manage Its Engagement
You Are Now Ready To Start Your Own Blog!
All The Best For Your New Blog! | <urn:uuid:edd41518-b2e1-4431-ab5e-88c7ca8f9507> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.techrevolve.com/how-to-start-your-own-blog/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.870194 | 2,261 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Healthy Heart Testing & Consult
Standard cholesterol testing found in most medical offices is woefully inadequate. In fact, 50% of people that have heart attacks had “normal” cholesterol using conventional medical tests. This Healthy Heart test goes way beyond standard testing. Consider this test if you have have already had standard testing abnormalities or if you desire a natural approach to improving the health of your heart.
Time: Get your results 7-14 days after test.
See What Patients Are Saying
About The Cardio ION Health Profile
The Cardio ION is a combination of nutritional tests that gives a nutritional assessment and identifies risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Specifically, this nutritional test measures levels of fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, organic acids, and risk factors for CVD.
The Cardio ION nutritional test identifies modifiable risk factors for CVD, including:
- Fatty acid imbalances which can lead to chronic inflammation. Current research finds levels of specific fatty acids to be strongly correlated to CVD.
- High fibrinogen is associated with increased risk of clots and CVD
- Homocysteine is an important risk factor for not only CVD, but stroke and dementia as well
- Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is essential for proper mitochondrial function and energy use. It also acts as an antioxidant. Cardiac cells have high mitochondrial demand. Statins can decrease CoQ10 levels.
- Fasting insulin is an indicator of insulin resistance. Hyperinsulinaemia has been associated with a cluster of CVD risk factors.
- Insufficient antioxidant status is associated with increased oxidation. Oxidative damage is believed to play a role in heart and vascular disease by promoting inflammation.
The Cardio ION nutritional test can guide treatment of many conditions and symptoms, including:
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- Immune Disorders
- Mental/Emotional Disorders
- Learning and Behavior Disorders
- Multiple Chemical Sensitivities
- Inflammatory Conditions
Why Order the Cardio ION nutritional test?
One in 2 adults has some form of cardiovascular disease. An evaluation of standard lipid markers does not provide optimal assessment of risk. The Cardio ION nutritional test goes beyond conventional serum lipid markers! This nutritional test identifies critical CVD risk factors, including:
- RBC Magnesium
- EPA and DHA levels
- C-Reactive Protein
- AA/EPA Ratio
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin E (alpha tocopherol and gamma tocopherol)*
Can this program work for me If I live out of state or out of the country?
Yes! Dr Hagmeyer works with patients locally, nationally and internationally.
Once Dr Hagmeyer receives all your test results, a Report of findings will be set up to discuss treatment options and best recommendations to start you on your path to feeling good again.
Healthy Heart Program: What’s Included $1699
- Advanced Advanced Cardio Ion that measures both cholesterol and lipoprotein along with other overlooked nutritional and metabolic markers that contribute to heart disease.
- 60-90 minute Report of Findings Consultation- Once we have received your lab test results, Dr Hagmeyer will review your test results and design a customized treatment plan specific to your needs, goals and test results. Treatment plan costs and duration, vary from person to person and will be reviewed at time Dr Hagmeyer reviews your results.
- Initial Nutritional Consultation (60 minutes)- You will meet with our Nutritionists (phone) and during this time you will be introduced to the “H” protocol. You will learn about healthy fats, proteins, glycemic control how to read a food label and what are best foods for supporting your heart.
- Meal Planning– you will be given a meal menu to follow that will help jump start your heart.
Review your results with our clinic director and expert doctor, Dr. Richard Hagmeyer and get a step by step, customized plan for how to address any issues that may show up on your test results.
Here's How It Works
Order your Testing
Submit testing specimens to proper labs
Review Your Test Results and Personalized Treatment Recommendations
Retest and refine your treatment plan to stay on track with your health goals.
Find the right solutions to your health issues and an approach that takes you and your needs in mind. Get started by ordering the Healthy Heart testing and consult. | <urn:uuid:a548e730-ed4e-4d39-860c-e2c4c86a4280> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://drhagmeyer.com/services/nutrition-and-detox-programs/healthy-heart-testing-and-consult/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.88745 | 976 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Turn on the Weather Channel, and you might see storm-tracking images from your friendly local Doppler radar system. Although your average storm front is quite large, this technology can also track smaller objects—much smaller, in fact. A Doppler radar system originally designed to track small debris particles falling off the Space Shuttle has now been used to detect individual rain drops within clouds. The hope is that this work will give us a better understanding of the dynamics that help drive weather.
First, some radar basics. The term is actually an acronym for “radio detection and ranging,” and it was originally developed before and during World War II to detect incoming ships and aircraft. A radar system transmits radio wave or microwave signals, some of which are reflected back to the receiver when they hit a large change in density—typically, a solid or liquid object. Electrically conductive materials like metal and water show up particularly well.
All ground-based radar systems used to track moving objects are actually Doppler radars, which rely on the Doppler shift in the radio waves to determine the relative velocity of whatever they're tracking. This is the same Doppler effect that causes the wail of an ambulance siren to shift in frequency as it zips toward or away from you. The same principle applies to electromagnetic radiation: the frequency of reflected waves increases (with respect to the original transmitted waves) when an object is moving toward the receiver, and decreases when it is moving away. Doppler radar signal processors pick up on these changes to track the relative velocity of objects.
The authors here used a high-resolution pulse-Doppler radar referred to as the “Mid-Course Radar” (MCR), operated by the US Navy in Florida, near Cape Canaveral. “Pulse” refers to the fact that the radar transmits microwave pulses, at a frequency of around 160 per second, rather than continuously.
Previously, this radar was used with NASA to track small debris particles coming off the Space Shuttle. But researchers have now turned it on the interior of clouds.
This radar is able to record not only the overall properties of a cloud, but also the individual rain drops within the cloud. It does this by alternating the frequency of microwave pulses, alternating between resolutions of 37 meters and 0.546 meters (the narrow and and wideband signals, respectively). In wideband radar images that are averaged over an hour, rain drops appear as individual, diagonal streaks representing their positions and motion over that time. At a range of two kilometers, the wideband radar can detect drops less than a millimeter in diameter.
Starting with these radar signals, the authors used independent methods to calculate both the diameter and velocity of drops. First, the slope of the streaks can be used to estimate the drop velocity. In addition, the velocity can be measured using the Doppler phase shift. The diameter is calculated independently using the thickness of the drop streak. To give you an idea of the scale involved, the drop diameter sits on the order of two millimeters and the velocity around five meters per second.
These measurements can then be evaluated for consistency using a known relationship between rain drop diameter and terminal velocity. The authors found that their independent calculations agreed very well.
There are a few issues that could affect the calculation of the drop diameter and velocity, since they are based on the radar signals. For example, small horizontal movements would thicken the streaks, causing the rain drops to appear wider. In addition, the drop position could fluctuate due to local turbulence, interaction with other rain drops, and even lightning. But, if you image enough drops, these factors should average out.
At this point, you might be saying, “This is great, but why bother other than just to say we can?” For one thing, a better understanding of cloud dynamics will lead to more accurate weather predictions. Perhaps even more importantly, the effects of clouds are one of the biggest uncertainties in climate models. Clouds both warm the planet’s surface through infrared radiation emission and cool the surface by reflecting sunlight back into space. By observing both the overall and fine structure of clouds, more accurate models can be developed. | <urn:uuid:f70e15f4-b408-44d7-a08a-14e3a7522f4c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://arstechnica.com/science/2012/05/shuttle-monitoring-radar-can-watch-raindrops-in-a-cloud/?comments=1&post=22908423 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00250-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949887 | 862 | 4.21875 | 4 |
LIGHTNING PROVING LETHAL IN THE U.S. THIS SUMMER
July 26, 2005 — Lightning may be synonymous with summer, but meteorologists with the NOAA National Weather Service say it does not need to be linked to casualties. "Too often, people wait too long before seeking safe shelter from a thunderstorm and find themselves caught outside in a very dangerous and sometimes deadly situation," said John Jensenius, a lightning safety expert with the NOAA National Weather Service. This certainly has been the case for summer 2005. (Click NOAA image for lager view of lightning collage. Click here for high resolution version. Please credit “NOAA.”)
Lightning has killed at least 14 people and injured more than 100 in the United States since early June, according to news reports and local NOAA National Weather Service forecast offices. An average of 67 people are killed by lightning each year with hundreds of lightning survivors left with debilitating health effects.
Last weekend alone, lightning killed a worker at a mobile home park in Grayson, Ky., and a father and his step-son at the beach in Gulf Shores, Ala. Another 16 people were injured by lightning in Florida, North Carolina and Wisconsin while enjoying typical summertime activities—a baseball game, the beach and camping. Historically, July is the month with the greatest amount of lightning activity in the United States and accounts for more lightning casualties than any other month.
"While the NOAA National Weather Service issues watches and warnings for severe thunderstorms, all thunderstorms are dangerous and issue a warning of their own—that being the sound of thunder," added Jensenius. "If you can hear thunder, you're likely within striking distance and need to get to a safe place immediately. If you're outside, you also should keep a watchful eye on the sky for developing thunderstorms, especially if background noise interferes with your ability to hear thunder."
When thunderstorms threaten, NOAA recommends that people seek safety in a substantial building. If outdoors and unable to reach a substantial building, a hard-topped metal vehicle is a good second choice. Once inside, avoid contact with any electrical equipment or plumbing, stay off corded phones and stay away from windows and doors. Remain inside for 30 minutes after the thunderstorm has passed.
When planning outdoor activities, prepare for the possibility of thunderstorms and know where to quickly seek safety if a storm develops. Carry a NOAA Weather Radio All-Hazards to stay informed on the current and developing weather conditions.
The NOAA National Weather Service is the primary source of weather data, forecasts and warnings for the United States and its territories. The NOAA National Weather Service operates the most advanced weather and flood warning and forecast system in the world, helping to protect lives and property and enhance the national economy.
NOAA, an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce, is dedicated to enhancing economic security and national safety through the prediction and research of weather and climate-related events and providing environmental stewardship of the nation's coastal and marine resources.
Relevant Web Sites | <urn:uuid:893c1e01-e356-49cd-a579-3880e5deef0e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2005/s2482.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00302-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938801 | 623 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Lillian Too's Feng Shui Measurement Tape
The feng shui measuring tape is widely used by feng shui practitioners around the world. There are auspicious and inauspicious dimensions, and those who make regular use of a feng shui ruler or measuring tape can measure their tables, desks, cupboards, windows and doors to check if the dimensions are auspicious or inauspicious, thereby improving their good fortune luck.
The feng shui measuring tape has eight cycles of dimensions, four of which are lucky, and four unlucky. You can apply auspicious dimensions to almost everything! At home, you can use it to measure the length, breadth and heights of rooms, doors and furniture to determine the dimensions and proportions that will encourage good fortune.
At the office, you can also use it to measure the proportions of your work desk, business name cards, logo or business name plaque to encourage better profits, better sales and improved performance.
Weight: 35 grams | <urn:uuid:3af4203b-a8cf-4bb7-92f3-eaa54cda0cbf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fsmegamall.com/products/lillian-toos-feng-shui-measurement-tape | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.916708 | 208 | 1.578125 | 2 |
The Da Vinci Code
Dan Brown's novel The Da Vinci Code has sold upwards of 40 million copies since its release in July 2005, and just last month the movie of the film notched up the second-biggest debut ever of $224 million (119 million pounds) at the global box office. With such inexorable success a videogame version of Brown's mind bending tale was inevitable. Many videogame spin-offs from projects in other mediums tend to manifest themselves as rushed and unoriginal cash-ins. However, to its credit The Da Vinci Code game does its best to introduce new ideas, though the majority are executed poorly, providing an experience much less fulfilling than time spent perusing the original book's pages.
The game's storyline mirrors that of the film and the book. Symbologist Robert Langdon is summoned to the Louvre by French Interpol whilst on business in Paris. Inside lies the murdered body of the museum's curator. Scrawled next to the corpse is a mysterious cipher, which, when solved Langdon realises is the beginning of a trail of clues hidden in the works of Leonardo Da Vinci. The murdered museum employee, it emerges, was part of a secret historical society called the Priory of Sion, existing to protect the theory that Jesus Christ and Mary Magdalene were a couple who raised a daughter, an idea with the potential to buckle the very core foundations of Christianity. Pairing up with Langdon is granddaughter of the murdered victim and French cryptologist, Sophie Neveu, who discreetly informs Langdon that an amendment to the code discovered adjacent to the deceased gentleman by Interpol's Captain has made him the main suspect for the murder. The pair set off together on an adventure to crack the ancient code and the resting ground of the Holy Grail whilst keeping one step ahead of the French Police and a powerbroker working for Opus Dei - a sanctioned Catholic organisation who've always strained to discover the Priory's secret.
Much of The Da Vinci code, unsurprisingly, involves solving puzzles, exploring museums, old buildings, churches and other ominous environments, in order to progress. The story unfolds in frequent and lengthy cut scenes which often aren't the most riveting of viewing experiences, especially since the onscreen performances are executed with the passion and flair of the automated 'on the third stroke, the time sponsored by Accurist will be...' speaking clock lady. The monotony is occasionally disrupted by onscreen button-pressing prompts that aid our daredevil heroes in triumphantly bypassing obstacles such as window and even doors. You take control of both Langdon and Neveu at different times throughout, although the game decides when this happens. Each character is identical in terms of the way they conduct themselves, so there is no advantage (strength, speed or otherwise) that would have added a bit of variety and tactical thinking at different times.
If you're not exploring the environments by hugging the walls and pressing the action button continuously, then you're more than likely going to be solving a coded puzzle or beating someone up. The former tasks are genuinely taxing experiences which will test your knowledge of art and history just as much as your general intelligence. Neveu is always on hand to give you clues if you're stuck, although thankfully she stops short of completely removing the puzzles of any level of challenge. Other conundrums just involve placing object A in hole B or using item X to gain access to area Y. It's all pretty simple stuff, especially since the array of objects you carry with you is always of a limited enough number to know which to use. This fact has a knock-on effect on the direction of gameplay which is consequently fairly linear, with little backtracking or the opportunity to explore.
The Da Vinci Code's combat is the game's most bewildering inclusion, since neither the book nor the film relied heavily on the use of fisticuffs. Still, without it the game would unfold more like a pub quiz machine or an interactive puzzle book. It deviates from the original plot, but, hey, who cares about authenticity, especially if it is an element that is executed so superbly? Oh, yeah... unfortunately, that isn't true.
Conflict in initiated in two ways, either through an offensive move by you or the need for a defensive technique in the light of an opponent's advances - the individual who attacks first always has the upper hand as the fight commences. Punches and throws are instructed by responding correctly to a combination of button prompts at the bottom of the screen within a certain time limit. The more accurately you follow the instructions, the more powerful your blows will be. However, if you fail to hit your attacker, then you must follow some more onscreen symbols in order to dodge the incoming assault. It's an original concept but one that, sadly, only succeeds in detaching the player from goings on, especially as the method of combat becomes tedious after only a couple of encounters, even if there is tangible weight behind your advances coupled with some pretty nifty camera angles to catch the action close-up. Adding further insult to injury is the fact that you can only tussle with one enemy at a time, despite the fact that you are often surrounded by numerous attackers who you are completely defenseless to if already occupied. It'd be helpful if Langdon had the ability to instruct his foes to form an orderly queue before commencing in battle, or maybe just the ability to fling his arms and legs in more than one direction at once.
One area in which The Da Vinci Code game had a real opportunity to shine is in the way it looks. After all, its developers Take 2 had grand locations such as the Louvre, as well as the Parisian and British cityscapes at their disposal. Unfortunately, their efforts often do not do the real life settings any justice, in that they are more overly dull and bland. Some of the most famous paintings, for instance, look more like the smudgy creations of primary school children rather than works by some of the greatest artists the world has ever seen. Langon and Neuve are also uninspiring in appearance, with limited and awkward movement and presumably asthmatic tendencies, ones which see them huffing and puffing after running only a short distance. To be fair, there are some lovely touches in the contours and scale of some of the game's architecture and also the attention to detail in places, but it is patchy at best.
Perhaps the only area in which the game excels is in its accompanying musical score which does a brilliant job in capturing the eerie and mysterious mood of the unfolding story. It twinkles away quietly while you explore, before breaking out into a suspenseful chorus when more interesting sequences occur. When it sparks up while you hide in the shadows from a pair of guards for instance, the atmosphere and tension that it brings is definitely affecting.
For fanatics of the book who want to live out the experiences of its characters in a more interactive sense, the game might just appeal. There's about ten hours of play, much of which is an explanation of the plot, while the rest is a pedestrian and pretty boring romp in terms of game play mechanics, meaning that in the end you'll probably just want to complete the game for completing its sake. Despite the potential of the Da Vinci Code, this adaptation of the story is far from cracking.
- Call of Duty: Black Ops III is coming to the PS3 and Xbox 360 after all
- Tomonobu Itagaki's Devil's Third gets a release date
- Adr1ft is coming to PC and consoles at the end of the summer
- EA gives the new Mirror's Edge a name – Mirror's Edge Catalyst
- ZombiU PS4 and Xbox One port reportedly in the works
- Mike Bithell's Volume to be released this August
- Gearbox's new shooter Battleborn gets a pre-E3 trailer
- Steam Controller launches in October, Steam Machines arrive in November
- Gears Of War devs Black Tusk change their name to The Coalition ahead of E3 | <urn:uuid:ab005257-bc0e-4ffe-a769-ade95774c340> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.play.tm/review/7813/the-da-vinci-code/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718423.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00272-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959242 | 1,667 | 1.820313 | 2 |
WASHINGTON, D.C.- July 6th, 2022– The leader of the 1776 Restoration Movement, David Riddell (AKA Santa) was protesting in Washington DC when he was arrested on a warrant related to blocking traffic during July 4th protest.
The 1776 Restoration Movement is a spinoff of the People’s Convoy which officially came to an end in March. On July 4th, the loosely organized group blocked 3 highways only one lane open. Blocking the streets in protest of the federal government, the 3 blockades were lifted after 30 minutes without any arrests or further incident.
On July 6th, the group went into DC and parked along a 2 block stretch of roadway in front of the National Mall, between the US Capital and the Washington Monument. where they intend to camp for a couple of days. Arriving at around 3:30am they parked in the parking lanes the group paid for parking and sat and waited.
At around 10:30am the police approached Riddell advised them of his warrant, placed him in cuffs and extradited him to Maryland. Meanwhile they towed Riddell’s truck.
Riddell had a warrant for 6 outstanding charges issued on the 5th of July. 3 criminal and 3 related to traffic infractions.
David “Santa” Riddell’s charges include:
- CR10.201 C1-A person may not willfully and without lawful purpose obstruct or hinder the free passage of another in a public place or on a public conveyance.
- CR10.201 C2- A person may not willfully act in a disorderly manner that disturbs the public peace.
- CR10.201 C3- A person may not willfully fail to obey a reasonable and lawful order that a law enforcement officer makes to prevent a disturbance to the public peace.
- WILLFULLY DISOBEYING (LAWFUL ORDER, DIRECTION) OF A POLICE OFFICER
- WILLFULLY DRIVING MOTOR VEH. AT SLOW SPEED IMPEDING NORMAL AND REASONABLE TRAFFIC MOVEMENT
- (STOPPING, PARKING, LEAVING STANDING) VEH. ON HWY. OUTSIDE BUSINESS & RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT
In Related News: Grey Wolf Continues his Walk Across America | <urn:uuid:369e385c-a444-441f-a7a7-a16e8a238f63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://healinglaw.com/blog/david-riddell-santa-was-arrested-over-warrants-associated-with-blocking-traffic-during-july-4th-protest/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.944697 | 486 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The latest update to the Wi-Fi protocol standard, 802.11ax, has been designed to transmit data even faster, to better negotiate bandwidth among several computers and other devices connected to a network, and to more reliably deliver high-bandwidth applications to them, such as streaming video, than the protocol standard it succeeds, 802.11ac.
To take advantage of these gains, client and networking devices need to have hardware that supports the new protocol, of course. Many network device makers have announced 802.11ax products to come. They’ve also filed 802.11ax devices with the FCC for licensing, which reveal more technical information about them.
To read this article in full, please click here | <urn:uuid:2335a09f-d0aa-431c-90c0-56c6d6106418> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.nofaxpaydayl9.com/2018/10/01/802-11ax-preview-access-points-and-routers-that-support-new-wi-fi-protocol-on-tap/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.949412 | 145 | 2.234375 | 2 |
New El Nino storm moves into California
The thousand-mile coast of California is covered in warnings, watches and advisories for rain, flooding and high surf as another El Nino storm moves in from the Pacific.
The system will pack colder temperatures, stronger winds and heavier rainfall than the two previous storms that have battered the state since the weekend.
Motorists in mountain areas are warned that blizzard conditions are possible above 4,000ft - including several inches of snow and wind gusts up to 60mph.
Flash flooding and flows of mud and debris are a worry in foothill neighbourhoods beneath areas left barren by last year's wildfires.
The National Weather Service says 1.42 inches of rain fell on Tuesday at Los Angeles International Airport, beating the 1979 record for the date by a tenth of an inch.
Meanwhile, a small earthquake gave an early morning wake-up call to the inland region of southern California.
The US Geological Survey said the magnitude-4.5 jolt on Wednesday morning and was centred two miles north of Banning, about 85 miles east of Los Angeles.
The Riverside County Fire Department received no reports of problems from the quake.
USGS seismologist Lucy Jones said the area has a history of many quakes in the magnitude-4 range.
Banning is a small city along Interstate 10 in the San Gorgonio Pass between the San Bernardino and San Jacinto mountain ranges.
The latest El Nino storm hit at the height of the San Francisco commute, causing car crashes, toppling trees and flooding streets and streams around most of the region.
The California Highway Patrol estimated there were nearly two dozen weather-related crashes on Wednesday during the morning drive.
The National Weather Service has issued a flash-flood watch for nearly the entire San Francisco Bay Area. | <urn:uuid:d849931b-180e-4b3e-8230-64d87834d0fb> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/world-news/new-el-nino-storm-moves-into-california-34341497.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00169-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932928 | 371 | 2.078125 | 2 |
What is a cross-platform application?
Cross-platform mobile development is the creation of software applications that are compatible with multiple mobile operating systems. Originally, the complexity of developing mobile apps was compounded by the difficulty of building out a backend that worked across multiple platforms.
How to Build Cross-Platform Mobile Apps?
- Create Your Wireframes & Use Cases.
- Test Your Wireframes.
- Revise & Test.
- Choose a Development Path.
- Build Your Mobile App.
- Test Your Mobile App.
- Launch Your Mobile App.
What is cross-platform multiplayer?
In video games with online gaming functionality, also called cross-compatible play, cross-platform play, crossplay, or cross-play describes the ability of players using different video game hardware to play with each other simultaneously.
We serve the best work
By initiating your project with Omeecron solutions, you get a dedicated and skilled team backing you up round-the-clock. All our processes are customer-oriented and designed to reduce the cost of business operations. | <urn:uuid:41e0e101-e516-4b17-a86d-f341d02aade9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.omeecron.com/service/cross-platform-apps/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.887416 | 224 | 2.359375 | 2 |
You can only contribute to a TSA if you work for certain non-profit groups or educational organizations and your employer offers one. If you are under age 70-1/2, you can contribute to a traditional IRA.
Contributions to TSAs are made through your employer with pretax dollars, meaning you do not have to report earnings on your income taxes. You make contributions to your traditional IRA, but you are allowed to take a tax deduction for your contributions.
You are generally limited to $16,500 in annual contributions ($22,000 if you are at least 50 years old) to a 403b plan. You can only contribute $5,000 to a traditional IRA per year ($6,000 if you are at least 50 years old).
You are allowed to borrow up to $50,000 or 50 percent of your TSA account, whichever is smaller. Loans are not permitted from IRAs.
With a TSA, you must invest in an annuity. With an IRA, the only things you can't invest in are on collectibles and investments that personally benefit you, such as buying stock in the business you own. | <urn:uuid:b3a0cb04-74d6-4675-9dd3-75d685aa3cd8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.sapling.com/5943806/difference-between-tsa-ira | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954102 | 231 | 1.640625 | 2 |
from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition
- n. Any of several shrubs or trees of the genus Vitex, especially two cultivated Old World species (V. agnus-castus and V. negundo), having aromatic, palmately compound leaves and clusters of usually lilac flowers.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. A shrub native to the Mediterranean region (Vitex agnus-castus).
from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English
- adj. Same as Agnus castus.
from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. The Vitex Agnus-castus. See agnus castus, under agnus.
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Sorry, no example sentences found. | <urn:uuid:98edf1a9-2cc3-41a5-b07f-4c5fb74b4138> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.wordnik.com/words/chaste%20tree | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00400-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.724126 | 185 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Vandals Throw Danger Signs Over Cliffs
9:04am 25th May 2013
(Updated 9:07am 25th May 2013)
There's concern coastal walkers may unknowingly stray toward danger areas after hazard signs were taken away by vandals.
The Council says a number of warning barriers have been chucked over cliffs at West Weares on Portland.
Coastal Ranger teams say the removal of these signs leaves walkers vulnerable and could lead to serious accident and injury.
Hilary Cox Dorset County Council's cabinet member for environment, said:
"Removing these warnings is a pointless act of vandalism. They are putting themselves and other people at risk of injury or even worse.
"These closures apply to a very small amount of the Dorset Coast. Diversions for walkers are in place at most of them, taking a few extra minutes to walk."
John Hayes, senior ranger for Dorset County Council, said:
"Erosion is a natural, on-going process along this stretch of coast - and is one of the reasons why the Jurassic Coast was designated a World Heritage Site - but people must take care when out and about."
You can find out more about path closures and diversions here online ... | <urn:uuid:f545c375-fcd2-4cbf-bbbc-96680980d309> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wessexfm.com/news/dorset-news/979942/vandals-throw-danger-signs-over-cliffs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00552-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962726 | 258 | 1.96875 | 2 |
The reduction of US populace matches the death toll of second Planet War. We can’t gloat on this depressing position. Protection techniques like social distancing, frequent washing of fingers, cleansing auto knobs, door knobs, desk surfaces, avoiding general public crowded areas like theaters, athletics arenas, wrestling, boxing matches staying away from public transportation, like buses, trains, such as air and cruise travels.
The use of several sorts of encounter masks like surgical, health-related, non-medical, individualized, full confront, fuel masks, covid masks, disposable and non-disposable masks, virus zapping masks and Singapore, Malaysian, Philippines masks, masks to protect men and women from smog and smoke in regions like Nepal, Delhi, Calcutta, and so forth.
Least expensive influence regions of Covid-19 in South East Asia.
Kerala, in India a slender strip on the country’s southern coast, has a inhabitants of 36 million. It noted only 519 circumstances and four deaths according to the State’s finance minister Thomas Isaac. The explanation is probably to be that this region is surrounded by lush green trees, cocoa-nut trees, palm trees, margosa or neem trees, Jack fruit trees, pepper and organic medicinal vegetation, and crops used in Ayurvedic medications in nearby personal gardens.
The onset of sea breeze drives away polluted air all the time
makes the surroundings healthier. The foods practices of these men and women follows Ayurvedic concepts mainly. The awesome free of charge flowing pure h2o canals make it a virtual paradise on earth. No question excellent overall health prevails in this population.
In Andaman and Nicobar and Laksa dweep islands, zero covid-19 is described. Some regions in india escaped the pandemic virus unscathed. Arunachal Pradesh, Assam. Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura etc.
Donning masks raises a question? Can this give any defense in opposition to the virus? Of training course it could. The distribution of tiny dampness fall-lets carrying this virus from contaminated man or woman from sneeze, spitting and yawning, is primarily absorbed by the masks. It is immensely necessary that each and every one should use 1 in public places and be responsible for yours own and your neighbors well being.
Even to see the virus a single demands Electron microscope. Science noted that this virus range has an effect on human respiratory systems. The dimension is one hundred twenty five nanometers. Club formed spikes creating us don’t forget photo voltaic coronas. If this is very small, how challenging for it to penetrate a facial mask to defend us.
What is a nanometer? By definition a nanometer is a single-billionth of a meter. A meter is about 39 inches long. A billion is a thousand instances larger than a million, as a quantity you publish it out as 1,000,000,000. That is a massive number and when you divide a meter into one particular billion parts, well that is extremely tiny. It tends to make feeling why these masks do not give comprehensive safety.
For https://accumed.com/n95-mask-for-sale-respirator-safety-face-mask-z1.html have to look up to the major viral analysis lab. amenities to provide a battery of arsenal to eradicate this virus in each and every stage of invasion and make it efficiently dormant in all levels. When the vaccine or any solution that destroys the virus is identified we should enable that medicine obtainable to any patient any time any in which. | <urn:uuid:f27ecf03-93a2-4689-9f59-76fcd0366c28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.whimsical-designs.com/corona-virus-measurement-and-condition-mask-effectiveness-places-unaffected-no-vaccine-but/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.905659 | 763 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Every July, some of the richest and most powerful men in the world gather at a 2,700 acre campground in Monte Rio, Calif., for two weeks of heavy drinking, super-secret talks, druid worship (the group insists they are simply revering the Redwoods), and other rituals.
Their purpose: to escape the frontier culture, or uncivilized interests, of common men.
The people that gather at Bohemian Grove who have included prominent business leaders, former U.S. presidents, musicians, and oil barons are told that Weaving Spiders Come Not Here, meaning business deals are to be left outside. One exception was in 1942, when a planning for the Manhattan Project took place at the grove, leading to the creation of the atom bomb.
A spokesperson for Bohemian Grove say the people that gather there share a passion for the outdoors, music, and theater.
The club is so hush-hush that little can be definitively said about it, but much of what we know today is from those who have infiltrated the camp, including Texas-based filmmaker Alex Jones. In 2000, Jones and his cameraman entered the camp with a hidden camera and were able to film a Bohemian Grove ceremony, Cremation of the Care. During the ceremony, members wear costumes and cremate a coffin effigy called Care before a 40-foot-owl, in deference to the surrounding Redwood trees.
Bohemian Groves spokesperson calls the ceremony a traditional musical drama celebrating nature and summertime. The spokesperson also said that while Jones comments are inaccurate, the footage is real.
Another infiltrator, Spy magazine writer Philip Weiss, posed as a guest for seven days in 1989, when the waiting list was 33 years long and the grove had several thousand members. Weiss published the article Inside Bohemian Grove, (Masters of the Universe go to camp - see below) writing: You know you are inside the Bohemian Grove when you come down a trail in the woods and hear piano music from amid a group of tents and then round a bend to see a man with a beer in one hand ... urinating into the bushes. This is the most gloried-in ritual of the encampment, the freedom of powerful men to pee wherever they like, a right the club has invoked when trying to fight government anti-sex discrimination efforts and one curtailed only when it comes to a few popular redwoods just outside the Dining Circle.
Former President Bill Clinton once told a heckler, The Bohemian club! Did you say Bohemian club? Thats where all those rich Republicans go up and stand naked against redwood trees right? Ive never been to the Bohemian club but you oughta go. Itd be good for you. Youd get some fresh air.
The Sonoma County Free Press (Bohemian Grove Fact Sheet - see below), which has published investigative stories on the grove since at least the 1980s, says activities include plays and comedy shows in which women are portrayed by male actors, and Lakeside Talks, in which high-ranking officials speak about information not available to the public. The group calls them public interest talks.
Protests take place at the Bohemian Grove nearly ever year. This years protest (25 years of protest - see below) is organized by the California State Greens and endorsed by other social activist groups.
Bohemian Groves 2011 retreat begins in mid-July. We dont suggest any infiltrators try to make their way through the entrance, guarded by camp valets and redwoods some 200 feet in height. It didnt end too well for the last Vanity Fair editor who tried it. (6.15.2011, Elizabeth Flock) http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/bohemian-grove-where-the-rich-and-powerful-go-to-misbehave/2011/06/15/AGPV1sVH_blog.html
Bohemian Grove Fact Sheet
What is the Bohemian Grove? The Bohemian Grove is a 2700 acre redwood forest, located in Monte Rio, CA. It contains accommodation for 2000 people to "camp" in luxury. It is owned by the Bohemian Club.
What is the Bohemian Club? The Bohemian Club is a private. all male club, which is headquartered in the Bohemian building in San Francisco. It was formed in 1872 by men who sought shelter from the frontier culture (or lack of culture).
Who are the present members? The Club has evolved into an association of rich and powerful men, mostly of this country (there are similar organizations in other countries). Some artists are allowed to join (often at reduced rates), because of their social status and entertainment value. The membership list has included every Republican U.S. president (as well as some Democrats) since 1923, many cabinet officials, and director; & CEO's of large corporations, including major financial institutions.
What industries are represented among the members? Major military contractors, oil companies, banks (including the Federal Reserve), utilities (including nuclear power), and national media (broadcast and print) have high-ranking officials as club members or guests. Many members are, or have been, on the board of directors of several of these corporations. You should note that most of the above industries depend heavily on a relationship with government for their profitability.
The members stay in different camps at the Grove, which have varying status levels. Members & frequent guests of the most prestigious camp (Mandalay) include: Henry Kissinger, George Shultz, S. D. Bechtel, Jr., Thomas Watson Jr. (IBM), Phillip Hawley (B of A), William Casey (CIA). and Ralph Bailey (Dupont). George Bush resides in a less prestigious camp (Hillbillies) with A. W. Clausen (World Bank), Walter Cronkite, and William F. Buckley.
What activities take place at the grove? The grove is the site of a two week retreat every July (as well as other smaller get-togethers throughout the year). At these retreats, the members commune with nature in a truly original way. They drink heavily from morning through the night, bask in their freedom to urinate on the redwoods, and perform pagan rituals (including the "Cremation of Care", in which the members wearing red-hooded robes, cremate a coffin effigy of "Dull Care" at the base of a 40 foot owl altar). Some (20%) engage in homosexual activity (but few of them support gay rights or AIDS research). They watch (and participate in) plays and comedy shows in which women are portrayed by male actors. Although women are not allowed in the Grove, members often leave at night to enjoy the company of the many prostitutes who come from around the world for this event. Is any of this hard to believe? Employees of the Grove have said that no verbal description can accurately portray the bizarre behavior of the Grove's inhabitants.
Besides this type of merriment. the annual gathering serves as an informational clearing house for the elite. The most powerful men in the country do their "networking" here, despite the Grove's motto "weaving spiders come not here" (don't do business in the Grove). At these gatherings men representing the government, military-industrial, and financial sectors meet and make major policy decisions. The Manhattan project, which produced the first atomic bombs, was conceived at the Grove in 1942. Other decisions made at the Grove include who our presidential candidates will be. There are speeches, known as "Lakeside Talks", wherein high-ranking officials disseminate information which is not available to the public-at-large.
What are the topics of discussion at the Lakeside Talks?
What's not right about this? When powerful people work together, they become even more powerful. The Grove membership is wealthy, and becoming more so, while the middle class is steadily becoming poorer. This close-knit group determines whether prices rise or fall (by their control of the banking system, money supply, and markets), and they make money whichever way markets fluctuate. They determine what our rights are and which laws have effect, by appointing judges. They decide who our highest officials shall be by consensus among themselves, and then selling candidates to us via the media which they own. Important issues and facts are omitted from discussion in the press, or slanted to suit their goals, but they are discussed frankly at the Grove. Is there true democracy when so much power is concentrated in so few hands? Is there any real difference between the public and private sectors when cabinet members come from the boardrooms of large corporations? Is the spending of billions on weapons, which are by consensus no longer needed, really the will of the people? Or is it the will of General Electric, General Dynamics, and the other weapons contractors represented at the Grove?
What can I do to make a difference? Educate yourself about the Grove and it's inhabitants, and the true nature of the power structure in the world. Then educate your friends. Since most major newspapers and broadcast stations are owned by "insiders", be wary of everything you hear in the press. If you can, participate in protest activities during the July retreat.
How do I get more information about the Grove? Send a note to: Bohemian Grove Action Network, P.O. Box 296, Occidental CA 95465. A $5 donation to cover printing and mailing costs is requested. http://www.sonomacountyfreepress.com/bohos/bohofact.html
25 Years of Protest at
July 15, 16 & 17, 2005 will mark twenty five years of protest at the exclusive mens only club, Bohemian Grove in Monte Rio along the Russian River.
In 1980 a small Sonoma county based group, SONOMoreAtomics, began researching some of the corporations that were profiting from nuclear power and weapons. Since Bohemian Grove was located in their backyard they began a protest to make the connections between the top elite of the corporate, banking, military and governmental circles. Within a week through contacts inside the Grove they obtained a membership and guest list and the serious research began. That same year a reporter from MOTHER JONES magazine made contact and the protesters helped him to get inside. By 1981 national attention had been called to this once-secret gathering through articles in MOTHER JONES and PARADE MAGAZINE (Jack Anderson).
By July of 1981 a network of 81 peace, environmental, and justice groups had formed a coalition called BOHEMIAN GROVE ACTION NETWORK which has called attention to this elite network of the "good old boys" for the past 25 years. Special attention has been given to the daily LAKESIDE TALKS which have included presidents, CEO's of the Fortune 500, head of the World Bank, and assorted military leaders."In reality these are public policy talks given without public scrutiny," said Mary Moore, co-founder of BGAN.
On July 15, 2005, the incoming Bohemians will be greeted at the gates as they arrive for the first weekend of their two-week summer encampment. On Saturday, July 16, on the day that the Bohemians CREMATE DULL CARE, the protesters will be at the gates to hold their 25th annual RESURRECTION OF CARE. On Sunday, July 17, a convergence of activists will take place in the Monte Rio amphitheater to network and strategize.
This year's protest is organized by the California State Greens and endorsed by various social activist groups and individuals. http://www.sonomacountyfreepress.com/bohos/25years.html
Sheila Here's Vanity Fair writer Alex Shoumatoff, photographed shorty after he was arrested while infiltrating the private California super-elite men's club, Bohemian Grove. (That's VF editor-in-chief Graydon Carter, inset.) Pretty old-school reporting; we like it! We hear he was inside the club for about an hour and talked to a few members before his capture. But the unwanted photo-op was quite the indignity. Click for post-arrest photos! http://gawker.com/5026342/bumor-scribe-for-americas-most-glamorous-magazine
Monte Rio is a depressed Northern California town of 900 where the forest is so thick that some streetlights stay on all day long. Its only landmark is a kick-ass bar called the Pink Elephant, but a half-mile or so away from "the Pink," in the middle of a redwood grove, there is, strangely enough, a bank of 16 pay telephones. In midsummer the phones are often crowded. On July 21 of this year Henry Kissinger sat at one of them, chuffing loudly to someone -- Sunshine, her called her, and Sweetie -- about the pleasant distractions of his vacation in the forest.
"We had jazz concert," Kissinger said. "We had rope trick. This morning we went bird-watching."
Proudly Kissinger reeled off the names of some of his fellow campers: "Nick Brady and his brother is here." (Brady was the U.S. Treasury Secretary at the time.) "Tom Johnson is here." (Then the publisher of the Los Angeles Times, who had copies of his newspaper shipped up every day.) "That Indian is here, Bajpai." (He meant Shankar Bajpai, former ambassador to the U.S.) "Today they had a Russian."
The Russian was the physicist Roald Sagdeev, a member of the Soviet Supreme Council of People's Deputies, who had given a speech to Kissinger and many other powerful men too. George Shultz, the former secretary of State, wearing hiking boots, had listened while sitting under a tree. Kissinger had lolled on the ground, distributing mown grass clippings across his white shirt, being careful not to set his elbow on one of the cigar butts squashed in the grass, and joking with a wiry, nut-brown companion.
The woman on the line now asked about the friend. "Oh, Rocard is having a ball." Kissinger was sharing his turtleneck with Rocard, for nights amid the redwoods grew surprisingly cool. The two of them were camping in Mandalay, the most exclusive bunk site in the encampment, the one on the hill with the tiny cable car that carries visitors up to the compound.
Meanwhile, Kissinger had been offering Rocard advice: "I told him, 'Do anything you want, hide in the bushes -- just don't let them see you.'" Rocard was Michel Rocard, the prime minister of France, and this was a secret trip. No one was supposed to know he was peering up at ospreys and turkey vultures and hearing Soviet speakers along with former American secretaries of State and the present secretary of the Treasury. And David Rockefeller too. And Dwayne Andreas, the chairman of Archer-Daniels-Midland. Merv Griffin. Walter Cronkite.
No one was supposed to know that Rocard himself would be speaking the next day down at the lake, under the green speakers' parasol. As orange dragonflies coupled dazzlingly over the water, as bullfrogs sounded, Rocard would lean forward and say, "Because you are such an astonishing group of men, I can speak privately." It was a devilishly charming thing to say, calculated to flatter the men of the Bohemian Grove.
Every summer for more than a century, the all-male Bohemian Club of San Francisco has led a retreat into a redwood forest 70 miles north of the city, four and a quarter square miles of rugged, majestic terrain that members consider sacred. The religion they consecrate is right-wing, laissez-faire and quintessentially western, with some Druid tree worship thrown in for fun. The often bizarre rites have elevated what was once a provincial club for San Franciscans embarrassed by the rude manners of the Wild West into the most exclusive club in the United States, with 2,300 members drawn from the whole of the American establishment and a waiting list 33 years long.
In the first 50 years of the club's existence the Bohemian Grove was comparatively accessible to outsiders, but in the 1930s, as the club gained influence and its redwoods provided a haven for Republican presidents, it grew quite secretive about its rituals and membership -- you won't even find the Grove on public maps. [This is not entirely accurate; "Bohemian Grove" is labeled as such on USGS topographic maps. -- GWD.] This has been especially true in the last ten years as Bohemia's stunning roster has waxed ever more statusy, as Kissinger and Rockefeller and Nick Brady have joined, drawing the attention of left-wing protesters, scholars of elites, and reporters. Th encampment has become the primary watering hole for Republican administration officials, defense contractors, press barons, old-line Hollywood figures, establishment intellectuals and a handful of German speaking men in lederhosen. What the Bois de Boulogne was to the ancien regime, the Grove is to America's power class. Ronald Reagan and George Bush are members. So are Gerald Ford and Richard Nixon -- though club directors are said to be miffed at Nixon, a longtime Bohemian Grover, who's still listed as sleeping in Cave Man, one of the Grove's 119 curiously and sometimes appropriately named camps.
Today the Grove is stocked with Reaganites. Former Defense secretary Caspar W. Weinberger, former attorney general William French Smith and former Transportation secretary Drew Lewis are all members. At the encampment last July, Al Haig was there, along with three other former secretaries of State: Kissinger, Shultz and William P. Rogers (Rogers as a guest of former national security adviser William P. Clark's). James A. Baker III, the current secretary of State, is also a member, but he couldn't make it this year. The right-wing Hoover Institution at Stanford attended in full force and brought along the president of Washington's Heritage Foundation. William F. Buckley Jr. and Malcolm Forbes held court.
Big business shows up: Thomas Watson Jr. of IBM, billionaire John Kluge of Metromedia. Former Bank of America chairman Samuel Armacost brought IBM chairman John F. Akers, Bechtel chairman S. D. Bechtel Jr. brought Amoco chairman Richard Morrow. Noted and hoary writers and personalities are members: Herman Wouk, Art Linkletter, Fred Travalena. Scenting power, press lords skip in from all over the country: Joe Albritton, former owner of The Washington Star; Charles E. Scripps and Otto Silha of Cowles Media; the McClatchys of the McClatchy chain; and David Gergen of U.S. News & World Report all obey the Bohemian command of keeping the goings-on from their readers.
Every spring for many years now, Bohemian Club presidents have formally summoned such men to the Grove with great effusion:
"Brother Bohemians: The Sun is Once Again in the Clutches of the Lion, and the encircling season bids us to the forest -- there to celebrate... the awful mysteries!"
"Bohemians come! Find home again in the Grove! Burn CARE and hurl his ashes, whirling, from our glade!"
"Come out Bohemians! come out and play, come with all the buoyant impetuous rush of youth!"
And this year, when president George Elliott wrote, more drably, "Around campfires large and small, warm hospitality awaits you. Of course you must be with us," I heard his summons, too.
It was a good time to visit the Grove. The country was still steeped in the aw-shucks authoritarianism of the Reagan years, and if there is any place to study the culture of our ruling class it is here among the Grove's benevolent, string-tie aristocracy. Also, it seemed possible that Ronald Reagan himself might make a triumphant return to his longtime camp, Owl's Nest. While president he had avoided the Grove, a custom Nixon cemented in 1971 when he canceled a speech planned for the lakeside in the secret encampment after the press insisted on covering it.
For me, the trick was getting in. A guest card was out of the question: club bylaws have stated that a member-sponsor's application "shall be in writing and shall contain full information for the guidance of the Board in determining the merits and qualifications of the proposed guest." No, Section 8, Article XVIII was too fine a screen for me. And my attempts to get a job as a waiter or a valet in one of the camps failed.
In the end I entered by stealth. Some observers of the Grove had warned that security was too good; they'd sniff me out quickly. I might last three hours before they put me in the Santa Rosa jail for trespassing. Lowell Bergman, a producer with 60 Minutes who used to hunt rabbits in the nearby hills, remembered a fire road leading into the site near the Guerneville waste-treatment plant but said they'd spot me sneaking in. Others mentioned barbed wire and electronic monitoring devices at places where the Grove abuts Monte Rio, and helicopters patrolling the "ridge roads" that traverse the 1,000-foot hills and form the Grove's perimeter. One day I drove up to the front gate and got a daunting glimpse of what looked like the Grove sheriff, a barrel like figure in a Smokey the Bear hat. A set of checkpoints like the Berlin Wall seemed to stretch out behind him.
But by then I'd made my connection, My driver was Mary Moore, an Earth Mother type with long silvery-blond hair who is the most active member of a distinctly Californian left-wing group called the Bohemian Grove Action Network. Moore agreed to help me get in, providing me with a sort of underground railroad. She put at my service a mountain guide who demanded only that I keep the methods he devised for me confidential. He had a keen geographical sense and a girlfriend who described a plan to seed magic crystals at the Grove gates to make them open of their own accord so that Native American drummers could walk in.
We didn't do it that way, but it turned out that Grove security isn't quite what it's reputed to be. The sociologists who had studied the place were right; there was no real security. Reporters seeking to write about the Grove had rarely been inside, and then usually for only a few hours at a time, but I was determined to have a good, long look, so I took care to blend. I outfitted myself in conservative recreational wear -- a pressed plaid shirt, PermaPrest chinos, Top Siders, a sport jacket -- I always carried a drink, and I made it a point to have that morning's Wall Street Journal or New York Times under my arm when I surfaced (though television is against the rules, newspapers are sold at the Grove Civic Center). Thus equipped, I came and went on 7 days during the 16-day encampment, openly trespassing in what is regarded as an impermeable enclave and which the press routinely refers to as a heavily guarded area. Though I regularly violated Grove rule 20 ("Members and guests shall sign the register when arriving at or departing from the Grove"), I was never stopped or questioned. (Another rule forbade cameras outside one's own camp. I waited till my last day to bring one in.) Indeed, I was able to enjoy most pleasures of the Grove, notably the speeches, songs, elaborate drag shows, endless toasts, pre-breakfast gin fizzes, round-the-clock "Nembutals" and other drinks -- though I didn't sleep in any of the camps or swim naked with likeminded Bohemians in the Russian River at night.
My imposture included misrepresenting myself in conversation with other campers, and my story kept changing as I learned more about how life inside was organized. I said I was a guest of Bromley camp, where unsortable visitors end up. At 33, 1 was one of the youngest Bohemians, but I was welcome almost as a policy matter. "We looked around and saw we were becoming an old-men's club," a member said, explaining recent efforts to recruit fresh blood. Being from New York was fine; the Grove limits retreat guests to out-of-staters (though clamoring by well-connected Californians to visit the forest has resulted in the rise of the June "Spring Jinks" weekend). I used my real name. No one inside acted suspicious, but paranoia about the Grove seemed justified, and I brought along my own version of cyanide: Interol, a tranquilizer used by actors to counteract stage fright. One day a member asked if I was related to a Bohemian named Jack Weiss. "No, but I've heard a lot about him and I'd like to meet him." "You can't," he said. "He's dead." After that I began working a dead West Coast relative's promise to have me out to the Grove one summer into a shaggy-dog story about my invitation.
In this way I managed to drop in on the principal events of the encampment, right up to the final Saturday, July 29, 12:30 p.m., when I attended a Lakeside Talk whose giver was, intriguingly, the only one not identified in the program of events. "Speaker: To Be Announced," it said, raising the question of what dignitary might be thought more important than Prime Minister Rocard, who was listed as the speaker on the middle Saturday.
My first full-strength dose of Bohemian culture took place two weeks earlier, the first Saturday night, when after a long day in the Grove I took a seat on the grassy lakeside among 1,500 ocher men for the encampment's famously surreal opening ritual. As the magic hour of 9:15 approached, a helicopter from a network newsmagazine circled frantically far above the darkened forest, searching out a spectacle lit at that point only by the hundreds of cigars whose smokers had ignited them in defiance of the California Forest Service's posted warnings. My neighbor suggested that someone ought to "shoot the fucker down," flashing the press hatred that prevails in Bohemia.
"My friends don't understand this," a pudgy 35-year-old in front of me confided to his companion. "I know that if they could see it, they would see how terrific it is. It's like great sex..."
It was the sort of analogy I was to hear often in the nearly 60 hours I spent inside the Grove.
The friend and I leaned closer. "It's more than it's cracked up to be. You can't describe it," he explained. Then everyone hushed as a column of hooded figures carrying torches emerged solemnly from the woods 100 yards away, bearing a corpse down to the water.
You know you are inside the Bohemian Grove when you come down a trail in the woods and hear piano music from amid a group of tents and then round a bend to see a man with a beer in one hand and his penis in the other, urinating into the bushes. This is the most gloried-in ritual of the encampment, the freedom of powerful men to pee wherever they like, a right the club has invoked when trying to fight government anti-sex discrimination efforts and one curtailed only when it comes to a few popular redwoods just outside the Dining Circle. Tacked to one of these haplessly postprandial trees is a sign conveying the fairy-dust mixture of boyishness and courtliness that envelops the encampment: Gentlemen please! No pee pee here!
Everything in the encampment is sheltered by redwoods, which admit hazy shafts of sunlight, and every camp has a more or less constant campfire sending a soft column of smoke into the trees. The walled camps are generally about 100 feet wide and stretch back up the hillside, with wooden platforms on which members set up tents. Bohemians sleep on cots in these tents, or, in the richer camps, in redwood cabins. The camps are decorated with wooden or stone sculptures of owls, the Grove symbol. Members wash up in dormitory-style bathrooms and eat breakfast and dinner collectively in the Dining Circle, a splendid outdoor arena with fresh wood chips covering the ground and only the sky above. It never rains when the encampment is on.
During the day, idleness is encouraged. There are few rules, the most famous one being "Weaving Spiders Come Not Here" -- in other words, don't do business in the Grove. The rule is widely ignored. Another, unwritten rule is that everyone drink -- and that everyone drink all the time. This rule is strictly adhered to. "His method was to seize a large horse bucket, throw a hunk of ice into it, pour in several bottles of gin and a half a bottle of vermouth, and slosh it all around," goes one Grove recipe. The traditional 7:00 a.m. gin fizzes served in bed by camp valets set the pace. Throughout the skeet-shooting, the domino-playing and the museum talks, right up through the "afterglows" that follow each evening's entertainment, everyone is perpetually numbed and loose, but a clubbish decorum prevails just the same. No one throws up. Now and then, though, a Bohemian sits down in the ferns and passes out.
The sense that you are inside an actual club is heightened by all the furnishings that could not survive a wet season outdoors: the stuffed lion on top of Jungle camp; the red lanterns in the trees behind Dragons camp at night, which add to the haunting atmosphere; the paintings of camels, pelicans and naked women that are hung outside; the soft couch in the doorway of Woof camp, and everywhere pianos that, when the encampment is over, go back to the piano warehouse near the front gate. There's a feeling of both great privilege and rusticity. Bohemians talk about roughing it, but at a privy in the woods near the river, there is a constantly renewed supply of paper toilet-seat covers. And the sand at the Russian River beach is traversed by coconut-fiber mats and rich figured squares cut from the carpets in the "City Club," the five-story brick Bohemian building in downtown San Francisco.
All day long there is music in the Grove, and at night in some camps there are programs of entertainment: comics, singers, actors. Any Bohemian is welcome at such events. One afternoon, for instance, the Valhalla camp deck was crowded with men drinking Valhalla's home-brewed beer and listening to singers. They sang from a small stage in front of a redwood on which was hung a framed nineteenth-century engraving. The scene was permeated by a kind of kitsch Black Forest imagery, and the setting seemed very Wagnerian -- though the music was sometimes undercut by the soft drumming of tinkling urine off the edge of the porch, where the beer drinkers went one after the other. The deck's railing posed a dilemma. It was set at crotch level, so you had to sort of crouch.
Then the beer brewer himself came out to sing: "Mandalay," the song based on the Kipling poem. He was a goateed giant with massive shoulders and a beer gut. Rudyard Kipling, romantic colonialist and exponent of the masculine spirit, is, naturally, one of the Grove's heroes, and "Mandalay" is a triumphant white man's-burden song. The brewer finished tearily, his arms high above his head, fists clenched, "Take me back to Mandalay-ah."
Amid wild applause one man removed a heavily chewed cigar to say, "If that don't send a chill up your spine, you ain't a Bohemian." His friend, a man in a yellow brocade vest, agreed. "He really put the balls into it."
"Yep, Big Daddy's in town."
One reason for the Bohemian Club's poor public relations is the name it gave to the yearly opening ceremony: The Cremation of Care. The cremation is intended to put the busy men of the club at ease and banish the stress of the outside world, but it arouses critics of the encampment because they interpret it to mean that Bohemians literally don't care about the outside world. Cremation of Care, they fear, means the death of caring. Demonstrations outside the Grove a few years back often centered around the "Resurrection of Care."
The cremation took place at the man-made lake that is the center of a lot of Grove social activity. At 9:15 p.m. a procession of priests carrying the crypt of Mr. Dull Care came out of the trees on the east side, along the Grove's chief thoroughfare, River Road. They wore bright red, blue and orange hooded robes chat might have been designed for the Ku Klux Klan by Marimekko. When they reached the water, they extinguished their torches.
At this point some hamadryads (tree spirits) and another priest or two appeared at the base of the main owl shrine, a 40-foot-tall, moss-covered statue of stone and steel at the south end of the lake, and sang songs about Care. They told of how a man's heart is divided between "reality" and "fantasy," how it is necessary to escape to another world of fellowship among men. Vaguely homosexual undertones suffused this spectacle, as they do much of ritualized life in the Grove. The main priest wore a pink-and-green satin costume, while a hamadryad appeared before a redwood in a gold spangled bodysuit dripping with rhinestones. They spoke of "fairy unguents" that would free men to pursue warm fellowship, and I was reminded of something Herman Wouk wrote about the Grove: "Men can decently love each other; they always have, bur women never quite understand."
Then the crypt of Care was poled slowly down the lake by a black-robed figure in a black gondola, accompanied by a great deal of special effects smoke. Just as the priests set out to torch the crypt, a red light appeared high in a redwood and large speakers in the forest amplified the cackling voice of Care: "Fools! When will ye learn that me ye cannot slay? Year after year ye burn me in this Grove.... But when again ye turn your feet toward the marketplace, am I not waiting for you, as of old?"
With that, Care spat upon the fires, extinguishing them. The priests turned in desperation to the owl. "Oh thou, great symbol of all mortal wisdom, Owl of Bohemia ... grant us thy counsel!"
Every year there are new wrinkles on the cremation ceremony. The big improvement this year was to project a sort of hologram onto the owl's face so that its beak seemed to move. Also, it was Walter Cronkite talking. (Cronkite camps in Hill Billies along with George H.W. Bush, William F. Buckley Jr. and former astronaut and ex-Eastern Air Lines chairman Frank Borman.) Cronkite, as the owl, said that the only way Care could be cremated was to use fire from the Lamp of Fellowship before him, an "eternal" gas flame that burns day and night while the encampment is on.
That did it. Care went up in blazes. Around me the men exploded in huzzahs. Fireworks went off at the lakeside, and a brass band in peppermint-striped jackets and straw boaters came out of the woods playing "There'll Be a Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight."
The sudden appearance of men in striped jackets shows what a bouillabaisse of traditions the Grove is. Bohemian Club literature is pious on this score. It boasts that the Cremation of Care ceremony derives from Druid rites, medieval Christian liturgy, the Book of Common Prayer, Shakespearean drama and nineteenth-century American lodge rites.
Early Bohemians were hungry for exaltation and grabbed on to any tradition they could find to dignify their exile in the vulgar West. The club was founded in 1872, just three years after the transcontinental railroad was completed, by a group of newspapermen and artists who plainly felt social anxiety about their surroundings. Early club menus offered dolled-up western dishes such as "boiled striped bass au vin blanc" and "cafe noir." The club's "men of talent" (i.e., artists and writers) included writers of a populist bent: Mark Twain, Bret Harte, Henry M. Stanley. Bohemian Jack London was a socialist; Bohemian Henry George, a radical reformer.
But the club's newspapermen were also socially ambitious, aiming to chronicle California's rise in the arts and sciences. Bohemian, they agreed in their early annals, didn't mean an unwashed shirt and poetry; it signified London, the beau monde, men of eminence whose purses were always open to their friends. By such standards, San Francisco businessmen surely looked crude.
Just the same, the club needed such "men of use" to support their activities.
The Bohemian Club's waiting list, which had first appeared away back in the 1920s, grew to ridiculous lengths. I was told that if a Californian is not admitted before he is 30, he can despair of membership unless he achieves commercial or political prominence. Many older men die waiting. And membership comes dear. The initiation fee for regular voting membership is said to be $8,500, and dues are set at more than $2,000 a year. Because the regular members require entertainment, "men of talent" pay greatly reduced fees. On Wouk's acceptance, for instance, he was put to work writing a history of the club.
The encampment became controversial in the early Reagan years when reporters, still suffering the hangover of Carter populism, questioned club executive appointees about the club's sexist practices. The Grove's keenest adversary is Mary Moore, who lives in a counter cultural shantytown in nearby Occidental. Moore was the 1953 San Luis Obispo County Fiesta queen, but by 1980 she had become, she says, a "woman-identified woman," and the Grove's thunderous maleness and what she calls its "closedness" disturbed her. Of course, just about anybody could hate the Grove. With its dense concentration of extravagant war- and money-mongers, it's an easy object of protest, and 72 left-wing groups eventually joined Moore to form the Bohemian Grove Action Network.
For a while, in the early 1980s, Moore and BGAN thought they might actually liberate the redwoods. In 1984 folk singing demonstrators tried to quarantine the Bohemians inside the Grove because they were so dangerous to the outside world. Fifty people were arrested. Summer after summer BGAN stoked Grove conspiracy theories by getting hold of the guest list. In 1981, for instance, Dan Rostenkowski, Ed Meese and former president of CBS News Van Gordon Sauter attended (Sauter as the guest of former California governor Edmund "Pat" Brown, Jerry's father). Meese, by the way, is about the only major Reaganite who didn't end up as a member.
In its obsession with the encampment, BGAN has unwittingly taken on Bohemian traits, becoming a kooky mirror image of the Grove. It wove spidery webs of string across Bohemian Avenue to block the way in. It urged its followers to form "Boho Clubs" to study members so they could be "held accountable by the American People" for participating "in the maintenance of the process of plutocratic patriarchy which threatens the planet Earth with omnicide from the nuclear menace." When BGAN resurrected Care, it chanted its own hymns: "On a day much like this five score years ago, the first hideous fire was lit in Monte Rio, and sweet Care was banished from this lovely land, and Bohemians reveled upon their shifting sand."
But by 1985 BGAN's energies were ebbing. The media's anti-elitist mood, never all that ferocious, was spent. The reporters that Mary Moore had helped spirit into the Grove for hours at a time had come out with vague, watered-down versions of what went on, or their news organizations had suppressed the accounts. By 1988 the gauntlet of hippies and solarheads and woman-identified women whom the Bohemians had been forced to maneuver their Jags and limos around to get to the gate had disappeared. The Grove was still there.
When I got to Monte Rio, only a couple of signs of protest remained. Moore's answering machine message asking friends not to call her at her vintage-clothing store in the town of Sebastopol included a denunciation of the Cremation of Care. And inside the Grove the guest list was well guarded. It was posted in a locked glass case during the day, and was removed every night. This was about the highest security I saw inside.
I'm admitting for the first time in my life having no willpower," a man was saying to his wife on one of the public phones. He looked bewildered and hung over, and I figured Bohemians were warmly and mysteriously saying to him what they were saying to me: "I can tell this is your first Grove."
It was just past noon on Sunday, the middle weekend at the encampment -- the busiest weekend, with attendance approaching 2,200 men. The most dignified had arrived. On the River Road you heard some small business talk.
"David Jr.'s going into the family business now."
"He's got a scruffy beard."
"Yes, he looks radical, but he doesn't talk like one."
"Abby, now, she's the one who raised her fist at graduation? Had a red fist painted on the back of her gown."
Of course. The Rockefellers.
"Where was that? Radcliff?"
"You know, they've got a lot of liberal faculty."
"They're always an the periphery of radicalism."
"My son was in Santiago, and David sent him letters of introduction to seven leading bankers in seven countries."
At lakeside the grass was crowded for the day's talk. Under the green parasol stood General John Chain, commander of the Strategic Air Command, who spoke of the country's desperate need for the Stealth B-2 bomber. "I am a warrior and that is how I come to you today," he said. "I need the B-2."
The important men come out for the Lakeside Talks, and each speaker seems to assume that his audience can actually do something about the issues raised, which, of course, it can. On the first weekend, for instance, Associated Press president Louis Boccardi, addressing his listeners as men of "power and rank," gave them more details than he said he was willing to give his readers about the plight of Terry Anderson, the Middle East correspondent held hostage since 1985. It was a transparent plea for help.
Other Lakeside speaking is more indulgent. Here Nicholas Brady examined the history of the Jockey Club. Here William Buckley described how he had sat at his desk and cried upon learning of Whittaker Chambers's death. Here Henry Kissinger made a bathroom pun on the name of his friend Lee Kuan Yew, who was in attendance -- the sort of joke that the people of Singapore, whom Lee rules with such authoritarian zeal, are not free to make in public. The speeches are presented as off-the-record -- one of the absurdities of Grove life, given that they are open to several thousand people. As the Soviet Sagdeyev said in his speech, "There is no glasnost here."
After General Chain's talk, the usual quiet business chatter went on. "Your secretary, I got to tell you, she's 110 percent," a dark-haired man said to an older fellow. Three other men discussed a friend of theirs who had left early that morning for New York. One of them seemed puzzled -- the friend wasn't the sort to get going at 7:45 a.m., he noted.
"It was a free ride," the other friend explained. "Bill Simon had room on his plane." "Simon doesn't know he doesn't have money."
They all got a big kick out of this. Simon was Treasury secretary in the Ford administration and today is a major savings and loan conglomerateur, active in takeovers. It would seem that this year's encampment was useful to him. Two weeks later he plunged into Sir James Goldsmith's battle to take over B.A.T. Industries PLC of England, a deal that could give Simon a toehold in Europe. He was surely influenced by Prime Minister Rocard's Saturday afternoon Lakeside Talk, in which he dangled the most sanguine business expectations of the new European order.
In 1982 reporters followed German chancellor Helmut Schmidt co the Grove gates, and the front page of the Christian Science Monitor termed the Grove "the West's hidden summit." This year Rocard's visit went unreported. A week after the encampment, a Washington correspondent for a French paper insisted to me that the last time the prime minister had visited the U.S. was a year and a half ago.
"One of the contemporary myths about the Bohemian Club is that it is a gathering and decision-making place for national and international 'power brokers,"' the club's then-president said in 1980. In fact, the encampment has always had political significance. Richard Nixon, Barry Goldwater and Nelson Rockefeller all stopped in as they geared up for their respective presidential campaigns. Politicians say there is no place like the Grove to help get a campaign rolling. No wonder this year's guest list included the two biggest congressional bagmen of recent years: Representative Tony Coelho, former chairman of the House Democratic Campaign Committee, and Representative Guy Vanderjagt, his counterpart on the Republican committee. These men were interested in something more than pseudo-Druidic rituals.
The club says it serves as a "refuge" from the strivings of the marketplace, and though it's true that actual deal-making is discouraged, I heard business being done on all sides. The pay phones were a hub of activity. "Owner slash developer," a man dictated to his secretary one morning. On the blackboard near the bootblack stand there were phone messages for corporate raider Henry Kravis and Bloomingdale's chairman Marvin Traub. That day as I sat writing a letter (actually my notes) at the Civic Center, a one-story building in which various amenities (Grove stationery, laundry facilities) are available to Bohemians, I overheard a large fellow in cranberry-colored shorts on the phone, bragging to someone back at the office. "I got slightly inebriated -- slightly! -- I mean heavily inebriated with the president of the Portland Opera last night. I said we might have a deal for him. They're going to have Pavarotti there in November. I said when we got back we'd talk about it."
It was in the phone circle that Henry Kissinger alienated some brother Bohemians on the middle weekend. Wandering into the clearing, he announced to the air, "I have to make two phone calls." A man finished his call, and Kissinger, ignoring a half-dozen men in line, took the booth and proceeded to retell to a woman, evidently his wife, the Russian speaker's joke about the KGB's interrogation of a CIA agent. (The CIA agent denies involvement first in a calamitous ship disaster, then in Chernobyl." So what are you responsible for," the KGB asks him. "Your agricultural policy.") The woman on the line evidently objected to the joke, for Kissinger said, revealing a dovish streak, "Maybe the KGB did write it, but it is not a sign of strength."
Kissinger's crusty performance was not appreciated by the men he'd cut in front of in line. One Bohemian, a patrician fellow with silver hair, wheeled in rage, saying, "I'll be goddamned." Cutting in line is distinctly un-Bohemian behavior.
Everywhere you hear what is Bohemian and what isn't Bohemian, One night I wandered into Fore Peak camp and got a lecture from a man named Hugh about Bohemian values as they concerned Fore Peak's famous drink, a mixture of rum and hot chocolate. Many years ago a doctor called it a Nembutal, and the name stuck, so much so that one Fore Peak camper wears a stethoscope and a white lab coat with Dr. Nembutal stitched on it. Hugh said that an old college friend came to stay in Bohemia and took over the mixing of the drinks. He persisted in putting in too much rum to see how many guys would pass out.
"Hey, knock it off, this is Bohemia," Hugh had to tell him. He never invited the chum back.
A tenet of Grove life is noncompetitive egalitarianism: all men are equal here. But in fact, class and status differences among camps are pronounced. Just as you have to be sponsored for membership, you have to be sponsored for a camp. The screens get pretty fine. Nonetheless, the ideal of equality is comforting. Among other things, it permits alcoholic failures to feel equal for a few days with their workaholic cousins. Since everyone is supposed to kick back and forget work, it's the fuck-up's annual revenge. At Sundodgers camp there is a motto on the mantel: The productive drunk is the bane of all moralists. It tells the productive they can drink, it tells the drunks they're productive.
A high point of the middle weekend was the performance of The Low Jinks, the Grove's elaborate musical-comedy show. Over the years the Jinks has become the leading entertainment at the encampment, surpassing the mannered and ponderous Grove Play, which is performed the next weekend. The Jinks is vigorously lowbrow. It takes place on the Field Circle stage, which is wedged in between two camps, Pink Onion (notable for its pink sheets) and Cave Man (notable for big-deal right-wingers and a plaque commemorating Herbert Hoover).
The Field Circle seats are steeply canted; sitting in one feels like being inside a megaphone. The mood was American and bellicose. For a good half hour the band warmed up the audience, playing the fight songs of many California colleges and the armed services and culminating with "The Star-Spangled Banner." Individual melted into group, but what a group: George Shultz was seated below me, and word in the camp was that a year and $75,000 or so had been spent for a production that would be seen just once, just by them. I felt like a member of the greatest nation ever, the greatest gender ever, the greatest generation ever. At such times -- at many such times, among strong leaders, deep in the forest -- the Grove takes on a certain Germanic übermenschlich feeling.
This year's Low Jinks was called Sculpture Culture, and the humor was not just lame but circa-1950s college follies lame. Rex Greed, an effeminate gallery owner who sells toilets ("a counterpoint of mass and void"), tries to convince artist Jason Jones Jr. that his future lies in sculptures composed of garbage. When a character describes modern art as "the talentless being sold by the unprincipled to the bewildered," the crowd's roar seemed to contain the grief of hundreds of businessmen who have shelled out for headquarters art they do not understand.
The girls were all played by men, and every time they appeared -- their chunky legs and flashed buttocks highly visible through tight support hose -- the crowd went wild. After one character called the secretaries in the show "heifers," the audience couldn't resist breaking into "moos" every time they came back onstage. But the biggest crowd pleaser was Bubbles Boobenheim, a showgirl turned patroness who rubbed her prosthetic behind against the elevator doors at stage left. The doors were used repeatedly for wrong-floor gags. For example, at one point a Little League team came out that included Bohemians Bob Lurie and Peter O'Malley, the real-life owners of the San Francisco Giants and the Los Angeles Dodgers, in uniform.
When one character; a PR executive, expressed a desire to make his mistress an honest woman, she objected, reminding him of an old Bohemian saying: "If it floats or flies or fools around, don't buy it, rent it." The scene brought to mind the reputation for prostitution that hangs around the Grove. From time to time law enforcement has tried unsuccessfully to bring cases against local procurers, and the Bohemian Grove Action Network circulates testimonials by a former paid mistress of a club member ("I only saw him troubled by one thing," she wrote. "He bought some apple juice company for $1 million and he was fearful he would have to dip into his capital"). One day in the Grove, I tipped a camp valet and he offered some unsolicited information. Hookers came to a certain bar in Monte Rio at ten each night, he said. It was the same bar-lodge-motel where the local police had arrested a man for pandering a few years back. The bust came right after a Lakeside Talk by William Webster, then the FBI director, and the timing suggested it was his doing. But the charges were dropped, and the man is remembered fondly in the Grove. A Bohemian I overheard on the beach one day said that the man's genius had been in keeping vacationing families in the motel ignorant of the other business going on there, "Now, that's good management," he declared, capturing the robust laissez faire spirit of the Grove.
The sexism and racism of the Jinks were of a peculiar sort. Black jokes are out because there are a handful of black members -- though one day near the Civic Center I did hear a group of old-timers trying to imitate Jesse Jackson. As for Jews, old membership lists suggest that they have taken a very small part in the club for decades. That leaves women and Hispanics as targets for jokes -- such as the one about Bubbles's protégé Raoul, who painted Puerto Rican flags on the backs of cockroaches.
The Jinks jokes about women were straight out of an old joke book. "My father said if you have a choice between an angry woman and a rabid dog, take the dog," Jason Jones Jr. said. "It's already got a fur coat and the license is a lot cheaper." And Rex Greed said, "The only difference between rape and rapture is salesmanship." The sensibility of the Grove recalls an era before the surgeon general's report on smoking, before the death of God and duty, before the advent of cholesterol and Sandra Day O'Connor (whose husband, John, bunks in Pelicans camp). The mood is reminiscent of high school. There's no end to the pee-pee and penis jokes, suggesting that these men, advanced in so many other ways, were emotionally arrested sometime during adolescence.
The most striking prop in The Low Jinks was a sculpture of a female torso whose breasts and buttocks had both been attached to the front, an improvement that looked vaguely hostile. And all the talk about male fellowship often sounds just like a college freshman's version of No Gurls Allowed, an institutional escape from women, from their demands, aggressions and vapors. At certain times of the year women are allowed to enter the Grove -- but only under "chaperonage," according to a 1980 statement by the club president. Chaperonage for adult women. It's another Bohemian wee-wee word, something you haven't heard since you were 14.
The club's nemesis here is the state of California, which keeps chipping away at the Grove's maleness, lately threatening to take away its liquor license and its tax-exempt status because it discriminates against women. The state has established a beachhead at the Grove's front office, a hundred yards outside the main gate, where, under legal pressure, seven women have been employed. Inside the Grove there is a feeling of mournful inevitability about the day women will join the encampment. Bohemians talk about how much it will muddle things. "It would screw everything up, excuse the pun," said an old-timer sipping a drink by the river. "There'd be a lot more preening and peacocking than there already is," a big gay Bohemian told me. Members have cited their privilege to walk about in "various states of undress." And former California governor Pat Brown has said publicly, many times, that the presence of women would keep Bohemians from enjoying their hallowed freedom to pee.
The peeing is ceaseless and more than a little exhibitionistic. Everyone talks about it. Bohemian reminiscences describe such bizarre initiation rites as escorting new members to the redwood at which one of the founders "did his morning ablutions." The Owl Hoots, which are poster-size cartoons racked up each day near the Camp Fire Circle, are filled with pissing pictures. One featured a spurious design for a commemorative stamp of club member U.S. Postmaster General Anthony Frank relieving himself on a redwood.
"Are you going to show it?" I heard a 50-ish Bohemian, the "captain" of Pow Wow camp, call out one day as young George went to pee off the deck. "Most of it. At least six inches." Came the reply: "Now, don't be modest, George." A screen door creaked on a little house farther up the hill, and a Bohemian named Richard poked his head out, emerging from his siesta. "Do it counterclockwise, Dickie, that's best," the captain called out. "Oh, I've had my hand off it for two minutes now," Richard protested. "There's a lot of wasted time."
This dick-fussing often manifests itself as that starkest of male nostalgias, the hankering for the punctual erections of boyhood. According to 1979 figures, the average age of Bohemians is 55. Impotence is on many people's minds. The poster outside Monkey Block camp advertising this year's Grove play, Pompeii, featured a gigantic erection under a toga. The set for the play included a wall inscription in Latin meaning "Always hard." One day I was at the Grove beach when a Bohemian discovered that a friend's sunscreen was supposed to impede aging.
"You got it too late." The owner of the lotion sighed. "Well, I should give up putting it on my face and arms and spray it on my prick -- see if that'll do any good."
Bohemian discourse is full of oblique organ worship as well. There's all the redwood talk. Bohemians rhapsodize endlessly about towering shafts and the inspiration they give men. I love this tree as the most sound, upright and stately redwood in the grove. Let my friends remember me by it when i am gone, reads a plaque left by a Bohemian at the base of a 301-footer.
Other references aren't so subtle. Late in the Low Jinks the elevator doors opened and a man came out wearing a rubber Henry Kissinger mask. He had a dumpy body a lot like Kissinger's. A "heifer" asked him why he was there. The man peeled off the mask to reveal that he really was Kissinger, and he said in his familiar gravelly accent, "I am here because I have always been convinced that the Low Jinks is the ultimate aphrodisiac." (This joke is funny because Kissinger was famous for saying that "power is the ultimate aphrodisiac.")
The encampment got even looser as the third and last weekend approached. The fairy unguents were wearing off; after two weeks the place stopped looking so magical and began to seem as ordinary as a tree-house. The non-famous hard-core Bohemians were more in evidence now, men who wore owls in various forms -- owl belt buckles, brass owl bolo ties, denim shirts embroidered with owls. Wooziness was pervasive. At his Lakeside Talk, Malcolm Forbes said that Khrushchev knows the Soviets "are in over their heads," and even as the name Gorbachev was murmured throughout the audience, Forbes rambled on, dotty and heedless, 25 years out-of-date.
At Faraway camp a guy beckoned me into the camp to enjoy "a little orange juice." It tasted like lighter fluid sprinkled with mint flakes. "What's in this?" Oh, just a little orange juice," the host repeated, smiling. "What do you call this?" I asked another Farawayer. "I call it dangerous," he said and told of how a dropped cigar had once ignited a batch.
The men of Faraway had captured the rearranged-woman's-torso sculpture from the Low Jinks and now displayed it against a wall, having wedged a fern leaf in "her" crack. Meanwhile, the racked-up Owl Hoots drawings dubbed the sculpture the "statue of Piece" and pictured a Bohemian commenting that she would be "fun to dance with." Several of the Hoots jokes were at the expense of the homeless. One cartoon had a camper at Bromley turning away a filthy guy with a bag of cans. "This is for the campless, not the homeless," he was saying.
The jokes fit right into the Grove's Ayn Rand R&R mood. "My grandmother always said, 'You can find sympathy in the dictionary,'" a guy with a cigar said, walking on the River Road. I'd made it in that day for breakfast at the Dining Circle, the most lavish meal of the Bohemian day, an experience redolent of moneyed western ease. The rough wooden tables were piled with perfect fruit. As I sat down a great glistening arc of melon was slid before me. Today they were offering Alaskan cod, sautéed lamb kidneys, eggs, French toast, bacon, sausages. The encampment's rules about dealing with waiters reinforce the heartless but egalitarian values of the Grove. Tipping the help is strictly forbidden, but so is reprimanding them. It's easy to imagine that many early Bohemians started out as laborers and had to remind more aristocratic visitors that social mobility was a cherished ideal. In the Grove's Club Med-like plan, the meals are covered in the fee for the encampment, which, judging from schedules I'd seen from two years back, ran about $850 on top of annual dues.
A waiter in a red jacket dropped an uneaten chunk of the bright red cod into a waste bin, and the Bohemians at my table talked about presidents. It looked as though Richard Nixon would once again not show. One old-timer said that Nixon was feuding with the board of directors. He was waiting to be asked to give a Lakeside Talk, but the club wasn't going to invite him until he had shown them the respect of visiting Cave Man camp for a weekend or so. In my informant's opinion, there was bad blood; Nixon's resignation 15 years ago had offended the club's honor -- it had been so un-Bohemian. The feud was unfortunate because Nixon and the club went back a long way. In 1953, when he was vice president, Nixon led a ceremony honoring Herbert Hoover's 40th year as a Bohemian. It took place at the Waldorf-Astoria, in a room piled with redwood bark and branches shipped to Manhattan from the Grove. In 1971, when the press corps forced him to cancel his speech at the Grove, President Nixon had wired the club to say, "Anyone can be president of the United States, but few have any hope of becoming president of the Bohemian Club."
Meanwhile, the Bohemians' new favorite son had arrived in camp the night before. One of the waiters had heard whorehouse piano music coming from Owl's Nest, and he said Ronald Reagan liked that kind of music. Rumor had it that Reagan was going to give the next day's Lakeside Talk. Some said there were Secret Service men guarding the roads and the perimeter. They'd built special platforms in the trees for men with binoculars. I didn't want to disagree. On hikes I'd taken, my impression had been that the only people patrolling the ten miles of Grove perimeter were a guy at the Guard House on Smith Creek Road who spent a lot of time whittling a walking stick and ancient Bohemians taking the daily 10:00 a.m. open-backed bus tour. Rim rides, the tours were called. Two of the buses bore vanity license plates commemorating the 1989 presidential inauguration -- they had the words Kinder and Gentler stamped on them.
In the afternoon I walked up Kitchen Hill Road to Owl's Nest camp. I wanted to visit the former president. Owl's Nest is sort of an old Hollywood-corporatist camp. Eddie Albert is there, and United Technologies chieftain Harry J. Gray, who this year had brought along Union Carbide boss Robert D. Kennedy. The camp has a false outer door and two overlapping walls that form an S-shaped entry. Inside, a plump Secret Service guy in a Members Only jacket sat near a giant wooden owl. There were owl figures everywhere, notably a silver owl ice bucket on the bar whose head tilted off cleverly.
I walked over to the Secret Service guy and asked if it was okay to meet the president. He said Reagan would love it and motioned with an open hand toward the deck. Reagan was mixing it up with a bunch of old-timers a few feet away. The first thing I noticed was that he had finally let his hair go gray. Also, he's not as tall as he looked in office. He wore western gear all the way, a gray-blue checked western shirt, a white braided western belt, cowboy boots and, in his left breast pocket, an Owl's Nest pin with an owl on it. The getup stood out because it was so fastidious among men who had let themselves go.
We shook hands firmly (his: small, bony) and chatted. Even one-on-one he has that habit of smiling and cocking his head and raising an eyebrow to encourage you. He projects an automatic, almost druggy congeniality. I worked hard to respond in kind (I invented an infant son named Ronald Wilson Weiss). We talked about his guest days at the Grove, before he became a member in 1975 (two months after he left the California governorship, a week after George Shultz joined). I asked him whether it was true that it was at the Grove in 1967 that he, then the new governor, had assured Nixon that he wouldn't challenge him outright for the Republican nomination in 1968.
Reagan didn't get the question the first time around. He pitched himself forward in his seat with a puzzled look, still trying to be genial. I repeated myself, and he said, "Yes, yes, that's true," in the famous furry voice. Then an old friend came up and snagged his attention.
By the time I got back into the central camp ground, they'd announced the next day's Lakeside Talk. The mystery was over. Comments by Ronald Wilson Reagan, said placards on the wooden signboards. By the time the talk was over, the posters had all been lifted by souvenir-seeking Bohemians.
As dinner began that night, people were already sitting down on the redwood benches at the main stage for the Grove play (despite the poster, a humorless enactment of the destruction of Pompeii). Everything felt peaceful and sweet, like death, the good things they say about it: the end to striving, & sunlight-dappled heavenliness. Music sounded softly. A bagpiper walked in the woods by himself squeezing out a melancholy song, a brass band played "Sweet Georgia Brown" in Cliff Dwellers camp, and in Band Camp a young guitarist and an old pianist experimented with the Isley Brothers' "It's Your Thing."
Nearby, a young member of the cast dressed as a woman pulled apart purplish gossamer robes to pee. The popular redwoods between the Dining and Camp Fire Circles now reeked of urine and wore what looked to be a permanent skirt of wet, blackened soil. For a while I thought the bar of salt bracketed on one tree by the lake was an experimental effort to neutralize uric acids before they hit the roots. It turned out to be only a deer lick.
Down by the lake I saw three men lying on the ground, talking. When they got up to go to dinner, one hugged another around the middle from behind and trudged up the bank with him that way, laughing. "Honey, I lost my ring and I want to sell the house," the third one said, mocking a homecoming speech.
At dinner I sat across from a young broker who shared his wine with me and complained about his girlfriend. The meal (tournedos of beef) was festive and communal. The long tables are lit by gas pipes that spring from the ears of wooden owl silhouettes three feet above the table, a half dozen of these per table. Wine gets passed around (though members must sign for the bottles on a chit). Old friends move among the tables, kissing one another, and a ruddy Bohemian gets up on a bench and, as his friends cheer him on, removes his cap and opens his mouth to sing. Great intimacy is achieved in song.
The physical aspect of Bohemian male bonding can't be overlooked. Even 100-year-old Grove annals have a homoerotic quality, with references to "slender, young Bohemians, clad in economical bathing suits." Nudity was more common then. Today AIDS has put a damper on the Grove's River Road pickup scene, which Herb Caen used to write about in his San Francisco Chronicle gossip column. Just the same, a man on his own often gets invited back to camps by gay Bohemians. The weirdest approach I experienced came from a tall redhead in western wear, a fourth-generation Californian. He wandered up with a beer in his hand as I sat reading on a bench and, pausing for emphasis, pronounced, "In the beginning the Lord created -- cunts."
When Ronald Reagan came to the green parasol the next day, the organ player broke into "California, Here I Come." Reagan said that it was good to be back. The Grove had been a major factor in his "homesickness... when you are forced to be away, as I was, for eight years." The speech was canned and courtly. Though he cursed now and then, he seemed uncomfortable with the word damn, which he said almost sotto voce. He did take a crack at toilet humor:
"You know, I got to take a second to do something naughty here, since this is an all-stag arrangement. You know how many times we've been in someone's home, and we've wanted to go to the powder room, and we've maybe said, 'Excuse me, I've got to powder my nose.' Well, a man did that at a party, and his hostess said, when he came back, she said, 'You must have the longest nose in the world.' He said, 'What are you talking about?' She said, 'Your fly's open.'"
The only surprises came when he took questions. He got rousing applause when he called for greater regulation of the media. "You know, the press conferences were adversarial bouts -- they were there to trap me in something or other."
Reagan also came out in favor of four-year terms for congressmen. "You know," he said, for he started every comment with that phrase, "I haven't said this publicly before. I would like to make the two-year congressman's term four years, to reduce the number of elections that we have, because I think that's one of the reasons that only about 53 percent of the people vote. We're just overdoing it. There's a kind of emotional experience with an election year, that between state elections, local elections, and besides, with a two year term, a congressman gets elected and the next day he starts campaigning for the next election." I wanted to ask Reagan about efforts to desegregate the club. It's only a matter of time before the club gets sued under either California's civil rights act or San Francisco's civil rights ordinance, both of which bar sex discrimination in business establishments. The Bohemians will be hard-pressed to prove that they are a purely private club that falls outside the legal definition of a business, when clearly so many members participate for business-related reasons. Some day the walls will fall, though it's hard to see why any woman would want to join a crowd of old Republicans chewing cigars and reminiscing about potency.
I wrote "How do you feel about government and legal efforts to force the Club to admit women?" on a piece of Grove stationery and went up to the fellow taking questions from my section, by the giant owl. It was a risk, but then it was my last hour of my first and last Grove. My bags were packed -- a camera in one pocket, a tape recorder in the other. Also, I'd tried to grab one of the free Bohemian Club walking sticks from the museum, something I could lean against my office wall with the B/C shield turned out to remind myself that this right-wing fantasia had not been just a dream. But there were none left; Bohemians had taken them all hiking.
The moderator studied the page and asked who I was and what camp I was in. We were a few feet from the Lamp of Fellowship, and after looking me over he said he didn't know, this was pushing it. He didn't ask Reagan my question, of course. The rest of the questions were about the world outside the Grove. Then the organist struck up "America the Beautiful" and Reagan left in a red truck, waving.
Later I heard a Bohemian on the River Road saying it had been brave of Reagan to take on all comers, But another Bohemian pointed out it really hadn't been a big risk. "Who was going to offend the president?" After all, this was Bohemia. http://sociology.ucsc.edu/whorulesamerica/power/bohemian_grove_spy.html
"To Achieve One World
Government it is necessary to remove from the minds of men their individualism,
their loyalty to family traditions and national identification." (Brock Chisholm - Director of the World Health Organization)
"A society whose citizens refuse to see and investigate the facts, who refuse to believe that their government and their media will routinely lie to them and fabricate a reality contrary to verifiable facts, is a society that chooses and deserves the Police State Dictatorship it's going to get." (Ian Williams Goddard)
The fact is that "political correctness" is all about creating uniformity. Individualism is one of the biggest obstacles in the way of the New World Order. They want a public that is predictable and conditioned to do as it's told without asking questions.
"The two enemies of the people are criminals and government, so let us tie the second down with the chains of the Constitution so the second will not become the legalized version of the first." Thomas Jefferson | <urn:uuid:d40897ba-ef5c-472d-854b-f6b4fd125553> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.freeworldfilmworks.com/abgrove-washpost2011.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00041-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973597 | 15,913 | 1.875 | 2 |
The NIAID gave researchers over $200,000 for them to investigate HIV rates in transgenders by injecting hormones into monkeys.
Overseen by Dr. Fauci since 1984, the NIAID gave the Scripps Research Institute around $205,562 in funding to look at why transgenders have high HIV rates, the Washington Free Beacon has reported. To do this, monkeys were given female hormones.
“This study is a total waste of time and precious funds,” Katherine Roe, who is a neuroscientist working for PETA, said in a comment provided to us.
“HIV and AIDS thrives in the side areas of society, where lower education and poverty increases people’s vulnerability to the HIV virus,” the description for this study says. “No people are more harmed than transgender people.”
Roe said that by given these monkeys with “hormones to then lead to transgender monkeys” to “see how this affects the transmission of the HIV virus,” the study will “lead to nothing good for human beings, and there is no value in this study.”
“Only humans get HIV and develop AIDS,” Roe stated. “Monkeys do not.”
A spokesperson for Scripps explained that the study was about “a sub-population of individuals at greater risk of getting HIV, and factors that might or might not affect their response to treatment approach in development.”
The research mentions transgender women (TGW), “people who were given a male sex but show their gender through a feminine spectrum,” as having a greater risk of getting HIV/AIDS.
“A key piece of gender changes in TGW is the feminizing hormone therapy (FHT), in which the top drug is hormone estradiol,” the study says. “Although the female traits caused by FHT are well known, less is understood about the immune system effects of FHT in TGW.”
“It is through these kinds of targeted studies that progress against cancer, HIV, ALS, dementia and most diseases will be made,” Scripps said to the outlet.
Since managing the operations of the group, Fauci was slammed for past studies involving animals. In Oct., Dem and GOP lawmakers sent a message to Fauci and President Biden demanding answers about the alleged testing on 44 puppies. | <urn:uuid:f56f7aa3-57fc-486f-84b0-4ee8c18e5ff2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nationalinsiders.com/fauci-exposed-for-funding-insane-monkeys-experiments/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.962428 | 510 | 2 | 2 |
Learn something new every day
More Info... by email
Logical positivism is a way of thinking that was popular in the mid-20th century, and which attempted to make philosophy more rigorous by creating criteria for evaluating the truth or falsity of certain philosophical statements. Its main criteria for any statement is verifiability, which comes from two different sources: empirical statements, which come from science, and analytic truth, statements that are true or false by definition. The concept heavily influenced the philosophy of science, logic, and the philosophy of language, among other areas, though today it is largely viewed as an overly simplistic approach that has been displaced by newer philosophies.
This philosophy is an absolutist way of looking at statements and labeling them either true, false, or meaningless. In modern times, this has been displaced by philosophies that view the truth or falsity of statements in a probabilistic rather than an absolute light. Logical positivists themselves had many disagreements, demonstrating that this notion was more a cluster of philosophies rather than any monolithic code.
A key component of logical positivism is that it rejected statements about ethics and aesthetics as being unverifiable, and therefore not a part of serious philosophical thinking. To have meaning, a given statement had to be connected to either empirical data or analytic truth. This was a key step in connecting philosophy more closely to science, and vice versa, and it continues to have influence to the present, playing a vital part in the formulation of philosophical ideas throughout the 20th century.
Though logical positivism was originally popular with many philosophers in the Vienna Circle — a group of philosophers instrumental in developing analytic philosophy — it came under fire from many experts after the circle was essentially forced to disband when World War II began. Afterwards, many philosophers criticized the approach, including Bertrand Russell, despite the fact that some of his ideas on logic actually influenced its development. Likewise, though Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus influenced logical positivists, Wittgenstein himself said that their rejection of certain parts of the Tractatus demonstrated that they had fundamental misunderstandings about the book.
Later thinkers distinguished between two classifications of verifiability: "strong" and "weak" verification, the former being something that is conclusively established by experience, the latter only being rendered probable by experience. Many philosophers have criticized logical positivism for having a "self-application constraint": logical positivists claim that sentences are not verifiable, yet they still posit their theory with sentences. This makes their approach untenable, since they claim a theory to be true, but the theory cannot apply to the sentences that they use to state the theory.
please somebody, in simple words, what is logical positivism? How does it relate to our lives? And can you give an example of it?
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK! | <urn:uuid:9e9182ab-4c4d-43f4-8e1f-062a1388d071> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-logical-positivism.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00519-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960778 | 629 | 3.953125 | 4 |
California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard Serving as Benchmark for DuPont’s Cellulosic Ethanol Plant
DuPont opened the doors to the largest cellulosic ethanol plant in the world on Oct. 30. Iowa Gov. Terry Brandstad and other dignitaries celebrated the opening of the Nevada, Iowa-based biorefinery that will produce 30 million gallons of fuel-grade ethanol per year. It’s considered one of the cleanest fuels in world, reducing carbon emissions by 90% compared to traditional fossil fuels.
Read More >> | <urn:uuid:4f4ff599-6baa-4035-a31f-61dd260a70f4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fleetsandfuels.com/tag/biorefinery/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.834813 | 116 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Looking to report to the international community and U.S. donors, the Wildlife Conservation Society’s‚ÄòForever Siberian Tigers’ project team at the Hunchun Nature Reserve in northeast China has put out the third edition of its English language newsletter, in which it reports on recent conservation, public outreach and educational efforts to protect the endangered Siberian tiger, including the implementation of MIST, a conservation management information system.
Only an estimated 330-370 adult Siberian tigers are believed to exist in the wild and most of them have been pushed into the mountainous borderlands of the Russian Far East and northeast China.
Home to a unique assemblage of plant and animal life, Far Eastern Russia’s Sikhote-Alin and China’s East Manchurian Mountains are two of the rapidly declining numbers of large areas in the world that can boast of an exceptional variety of large mammals, including boreal lynx and wolf, the Himalayan black bear, the Asian sika and temperate region red deer.
They are also home to the Amur, or Far Eastern, leopard, a species in even greater threat of extinction. Their numbers have been reduced to a mere 25-30, according to the most recent surveys, primarily due to habitat loss that includes expanding populations, land development and natural resource exploitation, according to the WCS.
Working for Healthy, Sustainable Co-Existence
Based on more than a decade’s worth of preliminary field surveys and research that began in Russian Siberia in 1996, WCS and local researchers and residents have laid the groundwork for a transboundary network of protected areas and management zones that stretches across China’s Jilin and Heilongjian provinces. The New York-based wildlife conservation organization, which operates the Bronx Zoo, is now working with Chinese and Russian authorities and wildlife specialists to make this a reality.
Poorly managed natural resource exploitation – the region is rich in timber and a range of precious and industrial minerals – along with land development are the primary threats to Siberian tigers and their co-habitants on the Russian side of the border, while locals on the Chinese side have traditionally relied on raising livestock and forest products for their livelihoods. In addition to preying on villagers’ livestock, tigers and leopards are poached for their fur and their body parts are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Hence, in addition to its conservation work, WCS project team members are working to find solutions that can assure the livelihoods of both the local human and region’s wildlife populations.
With WCS research, lobbying and financial support, the Jilin Province protected area was created in 2000 and the Hunchun Tiger-Leopard Reserve established in 2001. Spanning some 100,000 hectares, the reserve provides protected habitat for tigers and leopards running parallel to the Borisovkoe and Barsovy protected areas on the Russian side of the border. The Fenghuangshan Reserve in Heilongjiang in 2002 was upgraded to provincial level.
Aiming to create a transboundary network of protected tiger and wildlife habitat, WCS is now working with Russian and Chinese government agencies and has conducted workshops for wildlife managers on both sides of the border.
WCS has also provided training workshops for new reserve staff and is working with the Hunchun Reserve and sponsors to establish compensation programs for villagers who lose cattle to tiger depredation. | <urn:uuid:7d2b581f-e4ff-441a-afb3-c59b40380cf3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.triplepundit.com/2008/07/protecting-the-siberian-tiger-and-livelihoods-in-northeast-china/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00439-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937928 | 704 | 3.25 | 3 |
Some Tucson transplants have come a long way to get here, but few have traveled so far as the quince, or membrillo in Spanish.
The nonprofit Friends of Tucson’s Birthplace and Mission Garden are celebrating that journey, and the fruit’s unique heritage here, with the 4th annual Membrillo Fest Saturday 2-5 p.m.
The tree is one of a group of Old World natives that made their way to places like the Sonoran Desert following the European expansion to the Americas.
“The quince trees originated in the Middle East and then found their way across Africa into Spain, and that’s how they got over from Spain into the New World by the explorers and missionaries,” said Roger Pfeuffer, co-chair of Friends of Tucson’s Birthplace.
That long and difficult journey is something that imbues trees like the membrillo with significance in the region, Pfeuffer said.
“The whole history behind how these things got into the upper Sonoran Desert and the Tucson area is fascinating to me,” he said. “These things had to survive a trip across the ocean, landing somewhere in Mexico … and then having to travel over land - planted in the missions, and then perhaps cuttings taken from those trees.”
Getting here is one thing. Surviving, and even thriving, is another.
“When these trees came over here, there was some adaptation that was necessary, but these are basically desert-adapted trees. And they’ve become adapted to the Sonoran desert and its micronutrients. So they do very well.”
The festival will feature a number of membrillo recipes, including empanadas, ice cream and the classic cajeta de membrillo, or quince paste.
Josefina Lizárraga, a Menlo Park resident who has been growing and caring for heritage trees all of her life, will be demonstrating how to make the traditional dish, which is generally served with cheese, Pfeuffer said.
Those attending the event will have a chance to learn more about the work done at Mission Garden, which Pfeuffer said often involves collaboration with the Iskashitaa Refugee Network. Many refugees living in Tucson will be familiar with harvesting and preparing fruit like membrillo from their home countries.
The event is co-sponsored by the Linking Edible Arizona Forests (LEAF) network, and those attending are invited to tour the garden and see some of the upgrades to the facilities taking place.
Friends of Tucson’s Birthplace are expecting at least 300 people to show up to the event this year at Mission Garden, at 946 W. Mission Lane, at the base of “A” Mountain.
Visit the event page for more information. | <urn:uuid:f93961e0-0418-44e1-86bc-4c323e7ed47b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://radio.azpm.org/s/42855-tucsons-membrillo-fest-to-celebrate-long-journey-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.954025 | 586 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Wellesley’s comprehensive Sustainability Plan serves as our compass as we pursue a carbon neutral future on campus.
Since February 2015, the Advisory Committee on Environmental Sustainability has solicited ideas from the college community (at an IdeaFest held in February), worked closely with key stakeholders across campus, and researched relevant sustainability initiatives and policies at peer institutions. The result of this work is a sustainability plan that is organized into eight sectors: Academic & Co-curricular, Buildings & Water, Climate & Energy, Food & Dining, Landscape & Watershed, Purchasing & Waste and Transportation. Each sector outlines what Wellesley has accomplished in the past and explains strategies and targets for advancing sustainability at Wellesley over the next ten years. The strategic summary was approved by the Board of Trustees in April, 2016. | <urn:uuid:52fa4d4a-114e-4370-81f6-239cd10a49c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wellesley.edu/about/sustainability/sustainabilityplan?qt-sustainability=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.951484 | 166 | 1.539063 | 2 |
|Mount Caburn means a lot to many people in the town of Lewes I think.
It was the nearest settlement of any size to the site that Lewes was eventually founded on by the Saxons and can be seen from much of the town.
The skyline of the hill from the town means that the ditch and bank of the fort seems to cut it off from the rest of the ridge on which it stands. The hill the fort was built upon is fairly distinctive anyway, being a dome with broad slopes sweeping down from it to the south, while it seems almost to be the head of a giant downland animal, the rest of the downland ridge that it forms part of trailing behind the hill to the north. This ridge is the only block of the South Downs that is not a part of the main ridge along which the South Downs Way runs, having been cut off from it by the Glynde Reach river, that you will see joining the river Ouse to the south west.
When you approach the fort from the north the ditch and bank are very prominent, but the part of the hill still inside the fort protrudes above it still, giving an impression of a round hat, or, one might say, a flattened Dalek's head!
Once inside the fort one seems simply to be on a hill, as the whole ditch and bank becomes far less obvious. This is particularly true on the southern side, where the defences are far less spectacular. I have always been told this is because on this side any attacker would have had quite a climb first. I'm not entirely convinced though, as this does not take account of attackers circling from the northern side. For me, the steep hill suggests some erosion of the defences on this side, though I have no evidence for this either way.
In any case the view is very impressive for a hill that is not actually that high (150m above sea-level), particularly of the downland ridge to the south. Firle Beacon and Windover Hill, home to the Long Man of Wilmington, can also be seen to the south east.
This post appears as part of the weblog entry Caburn Walker
Posted by Cursuswalker
5th March 2006ce
Edited 6th March 2006ce | <urn:uuid:0931270a-b777-4a39-8513-2af059fdcaad> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.themodernantiquarian.com/post/44535/fieldnotes/mount_caburn.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00466-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981234 | 461 | 3.015625 | 3 |
In Brief: Social relationships and longevity
Since the late 1980s, studies have suggested that people who enjoy close relationships with family and friends are more likely to live longer than people who are isolated and lonely. In an attempt to better determine just how much social relationships affect longevity, researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 148 longitudinal studies involving more than 300,000 people. Participants were 64 years old, on average, when they entered the studies, and investigators followed them an average of 7.5 years, assessing the frequency and type of social relationships they reported as well as health outcomes, including mortality.
On the basis of their review, the authors of the meta-analysis estimated that older people with adequate social relationships have a 50% greater likelihood of survival when compared with those who are isolated or have poor social relationships. They further estimated that people who have regular contact with friends, family, and neighbors have a survival advantage comparable in magnitude with kicking the smoking habit and about twice as large as the longevity benefit that comes from exercising regularly or maintaining a normal weight. | <urn:uuid:f852e71e-a0fc-4801-90c2-6b3612f4fd29> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/social-relationships-and-longevity | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00045-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977311 | 211 | 3.03125 | 3 |
I read with delight and interest Nick Welsh’s “What Hath Dog Wrought?” about Bishop Dr. Patricia Fresen and the content of her public presentation at Trinity Episcopal Church: “Missing: Women in Priestly Service in the Catholic Church …Will the Next 10 Years Bring About Change?” In my estimation and in that of my colleagues, Patricia Fresen has led an heroic life, not only because she is recognized for her prophetic role on behalf of women and women’s ordination in the Catholic Church, but also for her stand, as a young Dominican sister and school principal, against apartheid, which led to her arrest and imprisonment in her native homeland of South Africa.
Patricia Fresen is one of the forerunners of an organized movement for women’s ordination that has risen in the Roman Catholic Church: Roman Catholic Womenpriests (RCWP). More information about the movement can be obtained at the organization’s website romancatholicwomenpriests.org”. At that site one can discover much about the depth and breadth, throughout the world, of the dedicated ministries of women priests and the worshiping communities with whom they serve.
Locally, if anyone would like a rich experience of Catholic liturgy and community, a community pastored by women priests, the Catholic Church of the Beatitudes, cosponsors of Patricia Fresen’s public talk, meets each Saturday at 5:30 p.m. at First Congregational Church, 2101 State Street, Santa Barbara. I invite readers to visit the website beatitudes-sb.org and its community. They correctly describe themselves as “a new way to be Roman Catholic”.
Thank you, Nick and The Santa Barbara Independent, for being forerunners who publish news articles about a myriad of issues and challenges, both local and global in nature.
Olivia Doko currently serves as bishop of the Western Region of RCWP-USA and as International Representative of RCWP to the Women’s Ordination Worldwide Steering Committee. | <urn:uuid:69b15982-4ed0-407e-b3b5-fb5e8093e9d3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.independent.com/news/2014/may/20/miracle-women-priests/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00489-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955145 | 423 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Evolution is the scientific theory that is intended to explain the diversity of life on Earth. The most basic definition of it is "cumulative change through time". In biology, it says that populations of organisms are subject to change as a result of environmental factors acting on them and causing them to adapt to specific environmental changes.
There are several mechanisms of evolution, but the most common and powerful one is natural selection. This mechanism is based on several facts and one conclusion based on those facts:
- All organisms overproduce, making more offspring than are necessary to replace themselves.
- Populations of organisms tend to remain stable in most environments.
- There will be variation in the traits and forms of specific organisms in a population.
- Those variations in organisms that are better suited to a specific environment will most likely help their possessors survive and reproduce themselves.
- Over time, as environments change, the populations of organisms will change along with them.
Now, there should be nothing controversial about such things, since they are based on perfectly straightfoward observations about organisms that can occur today. But because the implications of evolution strike so deeply at how humans view themselves, some people, using their religious beliefs as the excuse, have argued that evolution is somehow evil or destructive.
Also, because evolutionary theories have been applied so extensively to past events, some people have claimed that evolution is somehow not scientific. But that is ludicrious. ALL scientific theories are based on clearly defined physical or chemical laws and ALL of them must have application to past events or they are useless, because time itself is a never ending stream of present events going into the past. The only way evolution could not be scientific is if it was not consistent with the scientific laws already established via the scientific method. And there is no evidence that evolution violates any scientific law, despite claims to the contrary by certain anti-evolutionists, who themselves ignore the contraints of the scientific method in reaching their own conclusions about the world they live in.
Mutations are the primary source of variations that appear in populations of organisms, and they are result of random changes in the sequences of genes. Genes are made of DNA, a molecule made of thousands or even millions of repeating units. Chemical or physical reactions may shift or remove one or more of those units, causing the DNA sequence to code for a different trait in an organism than it otherwise would. Because mutations are random in nature, their results are far more likely to weaken the resulting organism, called a mutant, that is born with the new trait. Then the organism will die later as a result of competition with others, or at least it will fail to reproduce itself, and the mutation will disappear along with its possessor when it dies. But occasionally a mutation will occur that actually gives a organism an advantage of some kind over others, and then it will survive, reproduce itself, and its decendants will inherit the beneficial trait. Eventually, nearly all the members of the population will have that trait, and the species itself will have changed. Either that, or the population itself will split in two, with one group having the new trait and the other not having it, and the two groups will begin to live apart, thus establishing a new species.
In addition to environmental factors, another way of changing the population of organisms is via sexual selection. In this, the members of one sex in a population will express a preference for certain traits in members of the opposite sex, resulting in that trait becoming common in the population even though it does not actually contribute at all to the individual organism's survival. The only thing that matters is that the organism reproduce itself, and so a male bird may evolve things like long tail feathers (which may make it more vulnerable to predators) to prove to females of the same species that it is strong enough to provide good genes to the female's offspring. A deer may grow long antlers for the same reason, though the antlers may also provide both an ability to fight with other males for the females' favor, as well as a defense against predators.
To respond to any of my essays, the best place to go is here: | <urn:uuid:aa56144d-b354-4925-95e4-9f2cab805539> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.care2.com/c2c/groups/disc.html?gpp=2192&pst=765202 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00048-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956558 | 843 | 3.734375 | 4 |
1. Where in India, largest solar power plant with an installed capacity of 40 MW started producing electricity?
Ans--- Pokhran in Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan
2. Which department in India plans to set up 1000 ATM's across 6 states?
3.Who created history by becoming the first Indian female wrestler to have qualified for the London Olympics 2012?
4. Who has been appointed next Chairman of Atomic Energy Commission?
Ans---Ratan Kumar Sinha
5.In which part of India, Indo Tibetan Border Police headquarters is to be opened?
6. Which state's High Court has insisted that banks cannot freeze accounts nor stop services of issuing cheque book or ATM facility where the account holder has not supplied KYC (Know Your Customers) documents?
7.Name the former Haryana chief secretary who took oath as state information commissioner ?
8.Which State becames the 3rd state in India to launch State Portal (SP) and State Service Delivery Gateway (SSDG) project?
9.Who won the World Series Hockey 2012 title?
10.In which state Urdu medium Government schools would be setup as announced by Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav?
11. Brass gets discolored in air because of the presence of which of the following gases in air?
12. Which of the following is a non metal that remains liquid at room temperature?
13.Chlorophyll is a naturally occurring chelate compound in which central metal is
14.Which of the following metals forms an amalgam with other metals?
15.The gas usually filled in the electric bulb is.
16.Where is the World's first Virtual shopping store opened?
17.Who is named as HSBC's India CEO?
18.Which Indian state bans guthka from 1st of April 2012 to curb the increasing number of mouth cancer
19. Which Indian state chief minister has urged union Finance Minister to bail it out of its huge burden?
20. Name the Jammu and Kashmir High Court Chief Justice who was sworn in as Supreme court judge ?
21. Name the Gujarati techie whose name has emerged for India's President as the nation has to elect 16th
President in July 2012 ?
22. At what value Air India's restructuring plan was approved by a group of 19 banks led by SBI?
23.19. Which services Airtel is planning to launch in Kolkata in April 2012?
24. Name the nuclear submarine which joined Indian Navy.
25. Which education company bagged Rs.209 crore order from Assam Government?
26. Which 2 north Indian states will have pipeline connected oil terminals for supply of diesel, petrol and
Ans---Jammu and Himachal Pradesh
27. Which Asian country has issued tender to buy minimum of 30,000 tonnes of basmati rice from India and
28. Who donated 1 million Singapore Dollars to Indian Heritage Centre?
Ans---Founder of Singapore-based IT company Si2i Mobility B.K.Modi
29. Name the world's highest and longest bridge that was officially opened to motorists in China.
Ans---Anzhaite Long-span Suspension Bridge in Jishou
30. Which bank has opened 16 Ultra Small branches in 16 locations in villages to cater to financial needs of the rural populace?
31. Who has been conferred with Sir Jehangir Ghandy Medal?
32. In which city in Kerala will Infosys setup its 2nd campus?
31. Which bank will set up 1-person micro branches to serve remote areas of the northeastern region
Ans---Indian Overseas Bank
32. Which act does not allow to prosecute (no wife can claim compensation or maintenance) husband's
Ans---Protection of Women from Domestic Vilonce Act, 2005
33. Name the 3 Indian hockey players after whom tube stations in London has been renamed.
Ans---Dhyan Chand, Roop Singh and Leslie Claudius.
34. Who has been signed up as brand ambassador of Toyota Kirloskar Motors?
35. When was 63rd Rajasthan Day celebrated?
Ans---5th April 2012
36. Where in Rajasthan Spices Board's first Spices Park is setup?
37. Which Asian country recently became member of Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP)?
38. Who won her 6th world sprint title at the world track cycling championships 2012?
39. Name the Malawi President who died after heart attack.
Ans---Bingu wa Mutharika
40. Which Asian country made Hindu marriage registration a must by bringing the law in lines with India?
41. Israel has decided to setup its consulate office in which part of India?
42. Which Indian city is likely to get water taxis and air-conditioned trams?
43. Name the young doctor who is set to become the first foreign national of Indian origin to walk across
Antarctica carrying the Indian Flag.
44. Washing soda is the common name for
45.Quartz crystals normally used in quartz clocks etc. is chemically
46.Which of the gas is not known as green house gas?
47.Bromine is a
48.The hardest substance available on earth is.
49.The variety of coal in which the deposit contains recognisable traces of the original plant material is
50. Tetraethyl lead is used as. | <urn:uuid:bb635a7f-7dde-4a9d-beed-d7e7643090fa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://yoursyllabus.blogspot.com/2013/01/top-general-knowledge-question-answers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00169-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92916 | 1,137 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Today’s editorial: With bills to legalize marijuana for medical use moving along, the Legislature should bring these measures to the floor for a debate and vote, and not let them just wither again.
Imagine, an open and honest debate in the state Senate, and on a very relevant and substantive issue. What happens all too rarely could happen quite soon, on the topic of legalizing the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes.
The Senate Health Committee voted for such a bill last Tuesday. That puts the fate of legislation, sponsored by Thomas Duane, a Manhattan Democrat, in the hands of the Senate Codes Committee. One more committee vote, then, and the benefits of smoking marijuana for victims of cancer, arthritis and HIV and AIDS could be argued and then acted upon by the entire Senate membership.
That’s right. Every senator would be called upon to vote, and on a measure that enjoys widespread public acceptance.
A Quinnipiac University poll last month that found New Yorkers were supportive of the legal use of marijuana for medicinal uses by a margin of 71 percent to 25 percent.
The regulated use of marijuana, upon a doctor’s prescription, should be legal. The lives of people who suffer from chronic pain, seizures, gastronintestinal illness and mood disorders would most likely be notably better.
Medicinal marijuana almost was legal once in New York. The Legislature actually passed such a law, that then-Gov. Hugh Carey signed, in 1980. The one reasonable stipulation, though, was that the state had to appoint a review board to rule on doctors’ requests to prescribe marijuana. It never did.
Oh, the ways legislation and even laws can die in New York. More recently, the favored way to keep marijuana away from the people who could benefit from it was to keep such a bill from coming to a vote in the Senate.
The more liberal and Democratic-leaning Assembly could vote for it, just as it has passed bills legalizing gay marriage. But the consensus in the Senate was to steer clear of a floor vote where the members could think for themselves.
The legislation under consideration in New York would restrict registered patients from obtaining more than 2.5 ounces of marijuana. The state-licensed entities that dispense it would be overseen by the state Health Department. There would be more regulation than prior legislation had proposed.
Still, Sen. Kemp Hannon, a Long Island Republican, sees loopholes. He expressed fears before the Health Committee that marijuana would effectively become legal for people who didn’t need it for medicinal reasons.
“It’s not clear that this would be used just by people with extraordinary pain,” he says, in rebuttal to people who came before the Health Committee last week expressing hope that they could use marijuana for the most responsible of reasons and without running afoul of the law.
Fine. Let Mr. Hannon vote against the bill’s final passage, then. But don’t deprive Mr. Duane and the others of the chance to approve it. | <urn:uuid:431d64ed-0da6-4762-8929-d9295282fadc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.timesunion.com/opinion/yes-a-vote-on-marijuana/2667/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962039 | 621 | 2.125 | 2 |
I am now confronted by casual remarks from many sources to the effect that: what Iraq needs now is another Saddam. The implication is that such a divided and fissiparous society is impossible to govern without violent authoritarianism. Saddam kept the lid on is another refrain. Iraq, in this view, is the extreme example of a middle-eastern society which cannot govern itself, characterised by tribal, religious and factional conflicts, to which notions of democracy are inappropriate and where any attempt at democratisation is sheer folly.
My response is that the situation today is not somehow a natural tendency of Iraqi or middle-eastern society: it is the product of a particular history. Regimes such as that of the Baathists and Nasserists, rather than being a remedy to a natural anarchy, played a crucial role in producing these effects. I will expand on this theme, with reference to the arguments advanced in some other contributions to the openDemocracy debate on democracy.
Sami Zubaidas article forms part of a debate on Opening democracy, consisting so far of these articles:
Anthony Barnett & Isabel Hilton, Democracy and openDemocracy"
Roger Scruton, Democracy or theocracy? A response to Barnett & Hilton
John Dunn, Getting democracy into focus
Anatol Lieven, Democratic failure: festering lilies smell worse than weeds
Mishal Al Sulami, Democracy in the Arab world: the Islamic foundation
Fred Dallmayr, Mobilising global democracy
Thomas Cushman, Democracy and its enemies: a response to Barnett & Hilton
Gisela Stuart, The body of democracy
If you find this material valuable please consider supporting openDemocracy by sending us a donation so that we can continue our work
Democracy: a question of politics
No democrat can differ from the objectives outlined in Anthony Barnett & Isabel Hiltons article, Democracy and openDemocracy. The analytical task, as they see it, is to determine the conditions for the establishment and spread of democracy: democratic principles need to be extended to all countries and peoples. They are aware of the huge obstacles to this task, expressed too in John Dunns point (Getting democracy into focus) that democracy is not the default mode of humanity, but a rare occurrence proceeding from specific and unique historical sequences.
It has been possible, however, to adapt elements of democracy as ideology and as system of rule to a wide variety of countries. The process of democratic evolution was never easy or spontaneous, nor was it promoted by a particular religion or culture; it was, and continues to be, the outcome of sequences of conflict and strife, including bloody revolutions.
Roger Scruton seems to argue that Islam as a religion and civilisation is particularly resistant to democracy because of its belief in the sovereignty of God and its exclusion of non-Muslims from equal citizenship. Mishal Al Sulami (Democracy in the Arab world: the Islamic foundation) argues in contrast that Islam and its shura system are convergent with democracy as a method of government. Both these opposing positions are essentialist, attributing a fixed character to a world religion.
Democracy as ideology and system is irrespective of the ancient Greek origins of the word a modern phenomenon which developed in the process of political struggles. In those conflicts, religious authorities almost always stood on the side of absolute rulers and tyrannical regimes and against liberationist forces. This applies to Muslims, Christians, Jews, Buddhists and others. In modern times, some religious reformers found in their varied traditions elements from which they could support democracy and human rights, while others continued to deny them.
The corpus of scriptures and canonical sources in all world religions include diverse and contradictory themes and texts which can be exploited for a variety of political positions. Mishal Al Sulami follows a noble tradition of Muslim reformers who have mined their corpus for liberal programmes of government and law.
Shura, as Al Sulami tells us, is an injunction from early Islam for rulers to consult (though it is not clear with whom exactly). The idea was largely ignored in the long history of Islamic caliphates and sultanates, which were, like most historical regimes absolute and arbitrary. Modern reformers, notably Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905) and his disciples used it as a cornerstone to read democracy into Islam, which can only be a welcome interpretation.
But shura is also only a word which can be used in a variety of contexts and for different purposes, including pretences of reform by absolute rulers, as happened in Saudi Arabia in recent reforms. Religious and cultural traditions are malleable with regard to politics, but more often than not religious authority has sided with despotism and against democracy, and this is certainly the case with many Muslim authorities today. In fact, the only guarantees of liberal regimes and legislations have been in the practical separation of these matters from religion.
Most countries of the middle east experienced processes of secularisation in all spheres of life throughout the 20th century, and included social and political forces at both elite and popular levels which favoured liberation and participation and engaged in struggles for these aims. Religious reaction and fundamentalism gained influence in the closing decades of the century; they represented attempts to roll back secularisation. They had limited success, but only in the context of other social and political developments favouring dictatorial regimes. The obstacles are not just religious and cultural, but a configuration of socio-economic and political factors. In what follows I attempt to illustrate these processes with examples, mainly from Iraq.
To reiterate: historically, democracy is the product of protracted political struggles, of subordinate groups and classes for participation and inclusion. It is rarely, if ever, given by power-holders who willingly forego their control and privileges. Yet, that is precisely what the international community demands from entrenched regimes consisting of families and cliques who benefit greatly from corrupt economic arrangements, and who would lose all that if there were democracy.
This is clearly evident in Iran at the present time. There was a struggle, an unequal one, between rival centres of power. The incumbent clerics and their supporters cannot let go, for if they do they lose not only political control but lucrative sources of wealth that enrich them and their families as well as funding their institutions of patronage and influence. Oil revenues are always crucial assets for these regimes. The reformist (democracy) camp lost out against their antagonists who, after the presidential election that brought Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to power, are increasing their control over the levers of government and the military.
Iran, however, remains more hopeful than much of the Arab world because it retains a political culture of interest groups and ideologies and struggles, the heritage of a popular revolution. A crucial condition in the struggle for democracy is that it cannot be just that of rival cliques and tribes who want to displace current incumbents. At least some of the combatants must be classes and groups based on common interests and ideologies and organised as such. As Barnett & Hilton state, democracy requires a community that experiences itself as such, most commonly the nation-state. One of the many tragedies of Iraq is that precisely such an imagination of nation and its political field emerged between the 1940s and 1970s, to be thoroughly suppressed thereafter and replaced by the ascendancy of religion and tribe.
The colonial regimes which ruled middle-eastern lands after the first world war bequeathed a mixed heritage. They left the forms of the modern state and its institutions, including democratic ones. Capitalism, print, state education and military conscription helped to break down traditional formations and create the frame of the nation, in itself a potential for democratisation. At the same time they created the security state and the repressive apparatus. They often resorted to the backward elements of society, notably tribal and religious formations, to prop their control and combat nationalist and modern political forces. The aftermath of colonial rule had potentials for different outcomes. So what happened?
The middle east: a subordinated politics
Egypt and Iraq in the first half of the 20th century were ruled by semi-colonial regimes; that is to say, they were technically independent but actually under British tutelage. Many older educated inhabitants of these lands today look back on that period with a nostalgic glow. Government was, of course, repressive and corrupt. At the same time, however, there was a degree of pluralism, both of social centres of power and influence and of political forces with organised constituencies.
An essential ingredient in this mix was a vibrant middle class, with both entrepreneurial and salaried components. At the upper levels there were an aristocracy of notables, mostly based on land, and a modern bourgeoisie of finance and trade and even industry. Even though these latter classes were parties to the corruption of government and did not have democratic instincts, they did constitute rival centres of power with a degree of autonomy from the ruling cliques. That set-up was not democracy, but it provided the conditions for the struggle for democracy in a lively political field.
Crucially, a budding capitalism gave rise to class formation and class struggles, with labour movements and communist parties in many countries, notably Iraq. All that ended with the military coups ushering in cliques of free officers instituting socialist regimes. Socialist meant statist, inspired by the Soviet model. The initial enthusiasm which greeted Nassers triumphs, notably after getting away with the nationalisation of the Suez Canal and surviving the tripartite aggression of the British-French-Israeli attack in 1956, was that of nationalist and left sentiments. The suppression of all political parties, including the communists and leftists, did not blunt that enthusiasm. Many on the left acquiesced in their demise for the cause of the national bourgeoisie, especially when friendly to the Soviet Union. In the parlance of the old Marxist left, democracy was a bourgeois illusion masking the class struggle.
The Nasserist and Baathist regimes which followed had the common features of eliminating open and plural political fields, all repressed and subsumed under the regime and its party. The statisation of the economy under these regimes seriously weakened, if not eliminated, property as a basis of autonomous social power. Land reforms and nationalisations were applauded all round, especially by the left, for obvious reasons. But, in fact, they were insidious contributors to a totalitarian control.
The middle classes were subordinated, economically and politically, to dependence on the state. The army was in the ascendancy, and military spending (initially for arms from Soviet sources) took the lions share of budgets. The confrontation with Israel was, and continues to be, the main ideological prop for these policies and repressions. In all these processes of dictatorship, oil revenues (where they accrued) and their derivatives played a crucial role in supplying the regimes with abundant resources, and, crucially, making them economically independent from their societies and taxation.
These elements were common to the regimes in Egypt, Iraq, Syria, as well as in Algeria and Yemen. However, these are very different countries, each with its own historical trajectory. A study of oil-rich Iraq is an instructive case of this broader evolution.
Iraq: the old social classes and politics
The modern history of Iraq witnessed the physical expulsion of vital sectors of the middle class and the confiscation of their property, twice. The first was the departure of the Jews in 1951. They constituted the bulk of the middle class commercial, professional and bureaucratic in Baghdad. In the first half of the 20th century the Baghdad markets were largely closed on Saturdays. Jews were prominent in government employment, the railways, education, medicine, banking, music, art and literature. This is a history which has been unwritten by both Arab and Israeli interests.
The vacuum created by the departure of the Jews, at least in the markets, was filled by the Shia. Urban and wealthy Shia families shared with the Jews exclusion from many areas of official life and pursued their fortunes in trade and finance. It was precisely these wealthy Shia, the new propertied middle class who were then targeted in the second episode of the elimination of that class: the expulsion of large numbers of Shia, on the pretext of Iranian affiliation, which started in 1970 and continued in waves through the 1980s. Most of the deportees were poor Fayli (Shia) Kurds, but thousands were wealthy urban Shia, targeted for their wealth, which was then expropriated to the benefit of the denizens of the regime.
The capitalism which developed subsequently was a classic case of crony capitalism. Opportunities, loans, licenses and contracts were distributed in accordance with a logic of allegiance, kinship and patronage, with the regime clans and regions benefiting greatly. At the same time, the powerful men of the regime were free to expropriate any land or business they found desirable, in particular Saddams uncle Khayrallah Tulfah, for a time governor of Baghdad, nicknamed the thief of Baghdad, and his thuggish son Uday who imposed his partnership on any business he fancied. Property as a source of social power was eliminated and subordinated to the whims of the regime. This is an extreme example of what has happened elsewhere, especially in Egypt, where the ruling family and its associates have enjoyed wide business and partnership opportunities.
The middle classes of public service, professionals and bureaucrats were strictly controlled and disciplined by the Baath party, to which they had to belong. In the 1970s and early 1980s these classes enjoyed a fair degree of prosperity and privilege, funded by the plentiful oil resources. The wars and sanctions of the 1980s and 1990s witnessed the drastic impoverishment of these strata and their subordination to Baath discipline.
Political repression under the Baath eliminated any kind of independent political field in which struggles could be waged. This neutralisation was aided by the elimination of property and capitalism as sources of social powers and struggles, and the subordination and humiliation of the educated middle classes as the main source of social and political activism. These are powerful sources of the present malaise in which religious authorities and tribal leaders appear to be the only effective players in post-Saddam Iraqi politics. It wasnt always like that.
The culmination of Iraqs social and political plurality and vital political field came in the Qasim years, 1958-63. Qasims was a military coup, like Nassers in Egypt. However, for a variety of reasons, it did not close off political pluralism but stimulated it. These were the years in which the Iraqi Communist Party (ICP) came into its own (and followed a misguided strategy which ultimately led to its demise). Quite apart from being communist, the ICP was the main national party of Iraq, which included Kurds and Arabs, Sunni and Shia, Christians and Jews. Another was the National Democratic Party, a much smaller party of modern bourgeois elites.
Opposite them were the pan-Arab nationalist parties, primarily the Baath and the Nasserists, with much smaller and narrower constituencies in sectors of the Sunni Arab population. Most other parties in the history of Iraq were transparently vehicles of support for particular personalities, with constituencies of kinship and patronage, much like political parties in most of the Arab world where they are allowed. What distinguished that Iraqi political scene was precisely the salience of ideological struggles, waged between forces formed on the basis of social interests and political objectives, and not loyalty to tribe and community.
These latter were, of course, present, but mostly subordinated to the parties and often forced to pursue their objectives through the ideological ranks. That episode in Iraqi history had its share of violence and disorder, and of government repression. It was not democratic. At the same time it provided the conditions for the kind of political struggle which can lead to the pluralist and democratic settlement.
Also by Sami Zubaida in openDemocracy:
The rise and fall of civil society in Iraq (February 2003)
The next Iraqi state: secular or religious? (February 2004)
Understanding the insurgencies in Iraq (April 2004)
The London bombs: Iraq or the rage of Islam? (August 2005)
Iraqs constitution on the edge (August 2005)
In search of British Muslim identity (October 2005)
Iraq: the new generations
The eventual ascendancy of the Baath, through further military coups, led to the gradual suppression of these forces and fields with savage violence, precisely because the communists and the left had entrenched constituencies of support and the Baath lacked them. But clearly violence was not enough. Saddams brilliant strategy in the 1970s was to draw the still vibrant Communist Party into a National Front coalition. By 1979 he was able to subsume or suppress all the Communists popular bases and organisations, and to wage another campaign of savage violence against their remnants, now fully exposed thanks to the forced openness under the front.
The 1970s coincided with the hike in oil prices and the great riches they bestowed on regimes which controlled them. This was an essential element in the ability of the regime to reinforce the security state of repression and to co-opt many elements of the middle class and the intelligentsia, and to colonise the formations of civil society.
The years of wars and sanctions in the 1980s and up to the demise of the regime in 2003 witnessed the increased localisation and communalisation of Iraqi society. Poverty and violence drove most Iraqis to fall back on their local and communal resources and leaderships. A whole generation grew up under these conditions with no memory of the previous history or politics. Local society and communal organisation tends to be traditional, religious and tribal. These forces were actually encouraged and fostered by the Saddam regime as means of social control when the reach of the Baath Party contracted.
The present sorry state of Iraqi politics, dominated by religious authority and sectarian interests, is not the natural state of Iraqi society without authoritarian discipline. It is the product precisely of that authoritarian regime and the social forces that engendered it, greatly aided by the oil wealth that accrued directly to the regime. The new Iraqi constitution divides that wealth between regions, transparently to the advantage of communally based regional governments with undefined powers. It is not so much orderly and defined decentralisation, but more the setting up of regional mini-states with the potential for new authoritarian regimes.
This is especially the case with the envisaged Shia region in the south, under the tutelage of religious parties and the prospects of clerical power. It is difficult to identify sources or forces for democracy in the present situation. The educated, secular middle class is still there (but many are trying to leave, and who is to blame them?). But they have no organisation, leadership or voice.
Can the pillars of civil society and its political fields be raised again from chaos and ruin left by the Baath regime and the invasion? It is difficult to give clear answers at this point, because there are so many imponderables. A whole generation has grown up under the Baath, then the poverty and destruction of war, then the sanctions regime. Alienated and impoverished, what allegiances and outlooks can this young generation have? Hopefully, the life-force of ambition and desire, the aspiration for stability, career, fun and love will succeed in pushing this generation to a civil life. But for that they will need resources and security, the lack of which is the foremost problem of the Iraqi present.
Get our weekly email | <urn:uuid:405162a6-fa0d-4ba0-8f2a-db09577f1c8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://beta.opendemocracy.net/en/iraq_3042jsp/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.968095 | 3,959 | 2.171875 | 2 |
It was renowned artist Raja Ravi Varma who first piqued my curiosity about the Travancore region, once a princely state. I have been an admirer of his work for many years, enamoured especially of his beautiful models, in their elegant saris and ethnic jewellery. But all I knew about him was that he was born in Travancore and was related to the royal family. So when I got the opportunity to explore the region that had been his home base, I grabbed it.
Until 1949, Travancore was a vast kingdom, located somewhere on the border of present-day Tamil Nadu and Kerala. My starting point was the Padmanabhapuram Palace, the erstwhile home of the Travancore royal family. I set up base at Anantya Resorts, off Thiruvananthapuram, a veritable gateway to the region. Though the property technically falls in Tamil Nadu, it felt more like rural Kerala—with its waterside location by Chittar lake, lily and lotus ponds, and villas with sloping, red-tile roofs. The highlight: The resort was nestled within 1,000 acres of lush rubber plantation, the Vaikundam Estate. From there, the palace is less than an hour away by cab (26km).
At first glance, the structure’s simple façade—white walls and red tiles—did not resonate with my mental image of a “palace”. It was only when I went in that I could appreciate its unique aesthetic appeal.
As I discovered, the Padmanabhapuram Palace is actually a wooden palace complex of 14 smaller palaces contained within what was once a 4km-long fort. The original structure was built in 1601, although it owes its present form to King Marthanda Varma, who rebuilt it in the mid-18th century. I was amazed at the tasteful potpourri of tall granite pillars, intricate wood carvings, hanging brass lamps and beautiful Chinese jars. Every chamber and building had its own set of guards, who doubled up as guides.
It took me a couple of hours to walk through the warren of palaces—I was a bit dazed, for I was unprepared for the sheer size of the royal home. The top floor (Upparika Maliga) of the king’s quarter contained several murals, mostly depicting motifs such as the Hindu god Krishna with gopis, and Nataraja in the dance pose. Although none of them were by my favourite artist, they were enchanting nevertheless.
I went back to the resort for a lavish Kerala vegetarian lunch and learnt that the Vaikundam Estate was one of the first rubber plantations in India, established by the British in the early 20th century. That nugget alone warranted a tour early next morning.
My first stop was atop a hillock, after a bumpy Jeep ride over red soil, to witness a spectacular sunrise. The countryside sprawled around us for miles. Back at the plantation, just a short drive away from the hillock, we could see workers tapping rubber from trees laid out in straight lines. We watched the men and women at work, their swift and decisive cuts to collect the latex in small cups hitting the right spots on the trunk every time.
I then walked along the uneven trails for an hour, listening to the local manager of the estate share trivia about rubber that I would have not known otherwise—he told us, for instance, that a single rubber tree could be profitable for more than 25 consecutive years.
Later that day, on my way back home, I stopped at the Sree Chitra Art Gallery in Thiruvananthapuram. This was established by the king Sree Chithira Thirunal in 1935. I headed straight to the upper floor in search of Varma’s stunning rendition of Damayanti, as graceful as the white swan she is shown staring at.
The 40-odd Ravi Varma paintings in the gallery had finally given me a glimpse of the great artist’s work. It was enticing enough to plan a second visit to Travancore.
Weekend Vacations offers suggestions on getaways that allow for short breaks from metros.
The author tweets from @charukesi. | <urn:uuid:e0650dcd-4f57-422d-ac37-d335966f1244> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/OUbqMdrldGqUkA6VycZnJO/Chennai-to-Thiruvananthapuram-A-royal-treat.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00040-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973097 | 907 | 2.21875 | 2 |
I’ve been struggling over the past few weeks with a complete redesign of my PLN presentation. I am keeping the title (A Gardener’s Approach to Learning), since that’s what I called it for my ISTE proposal, some distant months ago — and for other more obvious reasons. I’ve delivered versions of the upgrade at other conferences recently, and, well, it’s not ready yet.
One element I would like to add is pruning your PLN or learning garden. The best I have done so far is to suggest some philosophical guide lines, but little of practical value. So I spent much of yesterday searching for tools that enable us to more scientifically analyze our learning networks, specifically our Twitter communities (or megalopolises). I was starting to get rather depressed at failing to find what I was looking for — and inspired. You see, when I’m looking for a technical solution to a problem, and I can’t find it, then I start wanting to build one. This is not good, because I am desperately trying to simplify my life here/now at the tail end of my career.
But building a new tool? Wow! What fun that would be.
Anyway, I found the right search expressions this morning (4:00AM). It’s amazing how much a good four and a half hours of sleep can do for the old noggin. Of course, this serge of cognitive magnificence will last for only about an hour and a half.
So here are a few of the interesting tools I found. To start with, let’s say that you’ve run across a blog entry that’s caught your interest and you are considering a click of his Follow Me link. You have to wonder if this educator actually limits his work thoughts to his blog, and reads and tweets for his favorite Twitterlebrities. To see, just paste his screen name into foller. You are rewarded with the blogger’s basic specs (number of friends, followers, status updates, etc.), a word cloud of most tweeted words, recent hashtags and mentions. You can also view a map indicating his geographic reach (see right).
Another tool for measuring the potential of a new deep thinker is Klout. Probably more of a vanity oriented tool, Klout does do a nice job of breaking down a person’s influence by topic.
Another tool with a potential to help us cultuvate our learning gardens is Twolo, which allows you to enter keywords of interest and receive a list of Tweople you might want to follow. There is a fee after four days, which is not surprising considering how important social media has become to the marketing industry. No worries. Twitter has recently incorporated the same service with Who To Follow.
Of course adding new members to your network is not pruning, is it? One of the most interesting tools that I happened upon was refollow. When you link in with your Twitter account, you get a wallpaper of the deep thinkers whom you follow. To cut back your network, you can sort the layout of avatars by their last tweet, tweet count, follow count, and friend count. It’s reasonable to assume (though not always appropriate) that the people who are most paid attention to, or are paying attention to other deep thinkers , are the most useful for your own learning. This is certainly not always true, but it is a measurable aspect of one’s networking. I found that I was following eight people who hadn’t chirped a single tweet and several who’d not tweeted for 8, 10, and 15 months. There’s more that you can do, but to actually act on your community (follow or unfollow) there is a fee — reasonable if I were engaged in marketing an important brand.
If gaining and keeping a following is important, then TweetEffect might be useful. Essentially, you enter your Twitter screen name and it scans your most recent tweets and aligns them with your follower activity. In other words, which tweets seem to have attracted people, and which made them turn tail and run. I learned that in my last 195 status updates, I lost followers seven times and found new one eleven times. It seems that my announcement that I was finally adding Oklahoma (48) to the state’s I’ve worked in, compelled eleven people to leave my friend list. Still trying to figure that one out. | <urn:uuid:969cb03d-e256-4644-b34f-b7044f98e80e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://2cents.onlearning.us/?p=3059 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.964824 | 927 | 1.710938 | 2 |
although many microchips themselves have low margins and companies are struggling to make a profit while producing or developing them, motherboards seem to be a strangely profitable business, according to the inquirer. have you heard all of the worries about expensive 6- or 7-layer designs and how getting to 4 or 5 layers is the only way boards will be cheap? well, small lots of pre-production boards with 20 layers can be made for only about us$2,000 each. that's not too bad for prototype designs. are dual-channel ddr boards too expensive due to all those line traces? nope, not really. isn't that the real reason that rdram just wasn't that popular? board designs weren't any cheaper. the motherboard guys are making a killing. early development boards don't even cost that much, and when you factor in the economics of scale and $3 raid chips, you should be expecting a lot from your next motherboard!
user comments 109 comment(s)
|integrated modems (8:23am est mon jul 21 2003)
what i want to know is, why aren't there any motherboards with integrated modems? i have adsl but i need a modem probably 2 or 3 times a year. it seems a shame to waste a slot on it, but i can't find a motherboard with an integrated modem. i realize businesses don't need them, but individuals do. – by puzzled
|just buy a usb modem (8:48am est mon jul 21 2003)
for the 2 or 3 times per year you use it. seems simple enough. – by cmm
|puzzled (8:49am est mon jul 21 2003)
if you only need it 2 or 3 times a year, only put it in 2 or 3 times a year. – by doc_stihl
|asus motherboard (9:01am est mon jul 21 2003)
i had an asus motherboard with an amd cpu. i tried a modem card and an external modem. everytime the phone would ring, the motherboard would freeze (even in dos mode). i had to have a switch box setup to disconnect my modem if i wasn't using it. – by never amd again
|amd again. (9:26am est mon jul 21 2003)
sounds like a pebcak to me. at worse, an issue with the chipset, not the cpu. – by doc_stihl
|re: doc_stihl (9:37am est mon jul 21 2003)
yeah, isn't it funny how people blame amd so quickly when anything goes wrong? it actually sounds like he's got too much voltage on his phone lines and needs to call the phone company.
i've found 99% of the problems with amd users is that they don't know crap about computers and either: a) didn't attach the heatsink correctly, or b) messed with the bios settings and totally blew any chance of stability. or even c) they let a little screw run around between the motherboard and case, shorting out some components and frying the motherboard. don't laugh, that actually happened to a friend of mine.
naturally, it's always because they went with amd and “this never happens with intel”… – by noob saibot
|ok this is irrelevant but i gotta post (9:53am est mon jul 21 2003)
noob saibot! yes mk3 was a great game wasn't it? wanna know where that names from? tobias boon – he was lead programmer or something. – by iwishistillhadasnes
|amd users (10:04am est mon jul 21 2003)
i compiled all my componets for my computer amd athlon etc and fitted it perfectly but 2day i was down my local computer shop and its true as they had a sign up about ppl damaging the cpu when installing and fitting the heat sink for duron and athlon processers i dont understand its simple enough to do!! – by bri
|lots of stuff on today's mobos (10:18am est mon jul 21 2003)
look at an nforce2 or a intel 875p motherboard- some of them have no need for any cards other than a video card, and maybe a sound card if you are picky. everything else is onboard. not a bad way to go.
and for the record, amd and intel are equally stable as long as the builder doesn't try everything he or she reads on internet message boards. 5fps in quake 3 isn't worth jacking the system stability. – by akula
|yeah, i bought amd (10:18am est mon jul 21 2003)
i bought an amd processor. three years later, my fish died. i'm never buying amd again.
– by id10t error
|tobias and boon (10:19am est mon jul 21 2003)
yes they were lead programmers of the once very popular mortal kombat video game series. – by the iceman
|amd (11:14am est mon jul 21 2003)
i bought an amd and my girlfriend left me 2 weeks later. coincidence? i think not – by loser
|asus a7n8x nforce 2 (11:21am est mon jul 21 2003)
i bought this stupid board (asus a7n8x nforce 2 rev1.6) along with a amd 2700+ + corsair 512 pc3200 c2. it is one of the worst boards i have ever seen. for some reason it hangs in bios when you add a pci card, the keyboard and mouse sometimes dont start. now this is old day stuff. never come across a board that gives you such a bloody headache. i think asus can never match epox boards they are fantastic. and plus when you look at the asus website, not a single sign of bios updates for these problems. they got updates that are like 4-5 months bloody old, i am never going to get a asus board again. since the a7v kt133 board nothing of some quality has come from asus. – by pav
|g/f left you? (11:30am est mon jul 21 2003)
“i bought an amd and my girlfriend left me 2 weeks later. coincidence? i think not”
maybe you been playing too much video game when you got a new computer and she left you without spending time with her. poor thing and you are a loser. – by by smart
|back on topic (12:31pm est mon jul 21 2003)
you know, rob … i've long wondered about the strange economics of the motherboard market. consider – whatever it costs in direct costs [chipset, etching, materials, connectors, boxes], it also takes on hell of a design department to cook up the pcb routing layers, to fab prototypes, to debug why they're goofy, to tweak the bioses to get better performance, or more stability… and then there's those armies of machines to plant the chips, connectors, to move the boards about on production lines, to wave-solder them, and one supposes, to somehow test them, to burn them in.
and … and … there are full-featured boards (nforce2) out there for $65!!! that include 10/100 ethernet, excellent sound, built-in 'server-room-grade' video, etc. i wonder if these guys are really making any money at all. there's all the precious metal [gold, iridium, platinum] in the various external ports, there's the custom chipset itself.
maybe asus and epox and tyan and epic are making their dough (rather like the chipsters themselves) off of the artificially overpriced top-of-the-line herd of motherboards, and are just essentially 'giving away' the lower end stuff to keep some semblence of a market share. sounds wicked, vicious and cut-throat to me.
[ps: regardless of motherboard, in the last dozen or so, the only problems i've *ever* had have been when i've put a new mobo in a system with a crapster power-supply and case. no end of problems. but take that same mobo out, and put it in a proper, new, higher-powered case (with new cards, not the old crap), and the unit works flawlessly.]
– by goatguy
|goat, (1:18pm est mon jul 21 2003)
e-mail the inq article author…
jseed at sonic dot net
– by thank you
|since we bought ic in tubes and… (2:12pm est mon jul 21 2003)
popped them off of ram cards, we know of intel's margin. 4004 sold for 50 cents a few years after release. the ftc, irs … have allowed intel to report variable r&d based on profit. profit this q is up, so intel changes it's report to increase it's r&d. they have no reason to stop. i'm not saying that there should be a margin limit set. just that there are many industries with average profit margin much lower and you can't say that they are poorly managed, just competitive. – by tech
|pav (4:46pm est mon jul 21 2003)
sounds like you have a problem with your system. i've got an a7n8x and it works just fine. mouse and keyboard start up fine every time. no bios hanging.
there are no bios updates because there are no problems, it's just you. – by greatgoogilymoogily
|greatgoogilymoogily (6:51pm est mon jul 21 2003)
naah think its just a damn shitty motherboard so i bought a epox 8rda3+ and i have no problems. its bloody rock solid, no stupid bios freezes. – by pav
|integrated modems (3:18am est tue jul 22 2003)
never heard of an external modem then ?
uses those useless serial ports and take no slots at all can even be disconected and the port used for something else. “what we don't know or care” – by think out of the box
|what happend to daughter boards ? (3:21am est tue jul 22 2003)
i am young i like daughters not mothers bring back the daughter boards thats what i say – by young git
|modems are not integrated (4:13am est tue jul 22 2003)
because that would subject the entire motherboard to fcc certification, a costly and time consuming process.
if we integrated modems on motherboards, we would only be on our 3rd or 4th generation of pentium chipsets, stuck at the 440bx.
look at v92 modem driver dates. there is a reason most of the file time stamps are still 1998.
– by google fcc id
|actually. . .modems. . . (10:37am est tue jul 22 2003)
modems are not integrated for a very simple reason: the modem is most likely to get hit by lightning. most phone lines are unfiltered copper direct to the substation, often times a couple miles away. power lines go through several transformers and end up converted to dc before hitting the motherboard. modems are specifically designed to blow quickly when hit by lightning as to not destroy the rest of the computer. if you integrate the modem it would become very tough to isolate the rest of the board from lightning. what used to be replacing a $5 modem would become an entire system replacement. – by zaph1
|motherboards (10:11am est thu sep 11 2003)
fuck da police – by tron
|asus motherboards (8:34pm est mon feb 23 2004)
who do i get my asus a78x-x from ram from single channel mode to dual channel mode – by bear | <urn:uuid:70e28071-2e90-4fd8-b94d-e05e30e5df38> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.geek.com/chips/the-economics-of-motherboards-552369/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946818 | 2,543 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Jan 11, 2013
To view the PDF Click here
11 January 2013
‘Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor’s Edge’ first R 18+ computer game in Australia
The Director of the Classification Board, Ms Lesley O’Brien announced today that Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor’s Edge was the first computer game in Australia to be classified R 18+ in the newly created adult category. The Classification Board classified the game R 18+ (Restricted) with consumer advice of ‘High impact bloody violence’.
Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor’s Edge is an action adventure game for the Nintendo Wii U console in which players assume the role of Ryu Hayabusa, a cursed ninja battling a terrorist organisation. Ms O’Brien said computer games classified R 18+ are legally restricted to adults.
“Under the Guidelines for the Classification of Computer Games, R 18+ computer games will have a high impact and it is for this reason that these games are not suitable for under 18s,” Ms O’Brien said.
“Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor’s Edge contains violence that is high in impact because of its frequency, high definition graphics, and emphasis on blood effects.” When making decisions about computer games, the Classification Board must use the criteria set out in the Classification (Publications, Films and Computer Games Act) 1995, the National Classification Code and the Guidelines for the Classification of Computer Games.
The new Guidelines for the Classification of Computer Games came into effect on 1 January 2013. Prior to then, Australia did not have an adult category for computer games. Under state and territory laws it is illegal to sell R 18+ computer games to people under 18.
An application to classify Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor’s Edge was received by the Classification Board on 3 January 2013 from Nintendo Australia Pty Ltd and the decision was finalised today (11 January). It was classified M (for ages 17 and over) by the Entertainment Rating Software Board (ESRB) in the United States and 18+ by the Pan European Game Information (PEGI) Scheme which covers most of Europe and the United Kingdom.
‘I encourage consumers to use the National Classification Database to find out about the classifications of computer games,’ Ms O’Brien said. The database is on the classification website at www.classification.gov.au.
Statement authorised by Lesley O’Brien, Director, Classification Board.
Media contact: Media Enquiries Officer 02 9289 7100 | <urn:uuid:c901cd57-0e19-49f1-a489-5cf2fb2acd7e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.igea.net/2013/01/australian-govt-classification-board-media-release-%E2%80%98ninja-gaiden-3-razor%E2%80%99s-edge%E2%80%99-first-r-18-computer-game-in-australia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00423-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.912464 | 530 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The Crucified Book
Sacred Writing in the Age of Valentinus
Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion
Published by: University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc.
200 pages, 152.00 x 229.00 mm
- ISBN: 9780812253870
- Published: March 2022
In the Gospel of Truth, a second-century text associated with the Christian Platonist Valentinus, a crucified Jesus is depicted as wrapped in a scroll and reading aloud the contents of his heart as he dies. This is just one of many strange appearances of the physical book in this text and in the surviving fragments of Valentinus. Through its representations of the written word, Anne Kreps argues, the Gospel of Truth promoted a living document perspective on the holy book, encouraging the generation of religious books as new sources of revelatory authority.
The Crucified Book locates the Gospel of Truth in a broader ancient debate about books and their attendant authority. Roman and Jewish texts exhibit similar efforts to equate holy persons with holy texts, while Christian heresiologists exhibit awareness of the phenomenon even as they condemn it. Although the Gospel of Truth is often set apart from mainstream Christianity in scholarship, its ideas about the nature of authoritative writing engaged with Greco-Roman culture and cohered with Jewish and Christian ideas about books in antiquity. Valentinus' views about the relationship between the oral and the written dovetailed with thinking on the nature of the sacred book that gradually became the trademark of Rabbinic Judaism, Kreps contends. Ultimately, because the Gospel of Truth reflects a mind that was at the center of the discursive debates that formed Judaism and Christianity, her book demonstrates the usefulness of so-called heretical texts for discussions on the parting of the ways between the two traditions.
Anne Starr Kreps presents an important and novel thesis about a path not taken in the history of Christian scripture as a canon and as a concept. This is a captivating, bold, unusually readable, and highly significant work of scholarship. ~Eva Mroczek, University of California, Davis | <urn:uuid:1bb4dac5-d909-4e1b-9718-0952ac16b596> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.combinedacademic.co.uk/9780812253870/the-crucified-book/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.947867 | 428 | 2.28125 | 2 |
by John Reid
Electromagnetic waves cannot escape from a black hole. Hence information about changed electromagnetic conditions inside a black hole carried by an electromagnetic wavefront cannot escape either. Electrostatic fields are unaffected by the event horizon, so it must be changes in the magnetic component of the electromagnetic wave which cannot penetrate it; the event horizon must be opaque to magnetic field changes. Gravitational waves are described by the same equations and have the same velocity as electromagnetic waves. They too cannot escape a black hole and the event horizon must also be opaque to gravitomagnetic field changes. This opacity leads to the generation of short-lived, electromagnetic and gravitoelectromagnetic shocks whenever a massive object is absorbed by a black hole. Two implications of this proposition are discussed: the excitation of plasmas in relativistic jets and the redistribution of angular momentum within galaxies.
Submitted to Astrophysical Journal 5 April 2020
Title: On the opacity of the event horizon to changing magnetic fields, AAS23799
Dear Dr. Reid:
I am writing to you with regard to your manuscript cited above, which you recently submitted to The Astrophysical Journal. I regret to tell you that we are not able to undertake further consideration of your submission for publication in the AAS Journals.
There is a substantial literature on the behavior of perturbations, including electromagnetic fields, near black holes. This manuscript is substantially below the state of the art in the field.
Ethan T. Vishniac
Johns Hopkins University
Fair enough. I guess it does look amateurish to an expert in the field. Nevertheless, I believe the idea of the generation of EM and GEM shocks by event horizon opacity to be new. I would like to see someone familiar with tensor calculus and General Relativity develop it in a more publishable form.
The complete manuscript can be downloaded here.
A recent paper, “Detection of the Schwarzschild precession in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic centre massive black hole“, in Astronomy & Astrophysics by Abuter et al, confiirms the existence of a supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy | <urn:uuid:0066dfd4-d737-49d6-8c60-691ef6206f26> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blackjay.net.au/physics/on-the-opacity-of-the-event-horizon-to-changing-magnetic-fields/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.890889 | 479 | 2.578125 | 3 |
It happens to every gardener at least once--digging through seeds and equipment in early spring only to find a package of tulip bulbs or a stray bag of grape hyacinth (Muscari sp.) that escaped fall planting. Often nurseries place a tempting clearance rack of allium, dahlia and other summer-blooming bulbs under your nose after their planting season has passed. Although may bulbs do not bloom without a cold period, plant them late and reap rewards in following seasons.
Feel the bulb. Very light, mushy or moldy bulbs are not likely to survive. If the bulb still feels firm and plump, plant it outdoors or force it indoors. Do not save bulbs for the following season; bulbs are living plants, not seeds, and grow with or without being planted. When in doubt, plant.
Plant the healthy bulbs outdoors as soon as possible. Plant spring-flowering bulbs in winter whenever the soil is workable to provide the chilling period they need to bloom. Tulips, for example, require weeks of cold temperatures and do not bloom otherwise. If a late-planted tulip doesn't receive a winter chill period, it only produces foliage in the spring; however, the plant returns to bloom the following year, especially if it is a species or botanical tulip. Summer blooming plants planted in winter or fall also put out roots for a jump on springtime growth. Although these late-planted bulbs may have smaller flowers, if they flower at all, they store up energy for the next season's bloom.
Force bulbs indoors if outdoor planting is not an option. Tricking summer-blooming bulbs into flowering is not easy, according to the International Bulb Centre, but the bulbs grow if light and temperatures are right. For spring-blooming bulbs that need winter chill, pot up the bulbs in a damp, lightly-textured planting medium, and store in the refrigerator, shed or cool garage for 12 to 14 weeks. When the bulbs begin to send out roots or green stems, remove them from storage. Place in a sunny location and keep the soil slightly moist.
Trim the finished blooms, and allow the foliage to yellow naturally. Do not over water because this encourages rot or disease on the bulb. Once the foliage has matured, plant the bulbs outdoors. Rather than lifting and separating the bulbs, simply set the bulbs as a cluster and preserve as many roots as possible. Mulch well, and your bulbs may return the following year. | <urn:uuid:1e34292e-33ef-4483-b6a6-76c191321f20> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.gardenguides.com/111531-plant-bulbs-late.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00066-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915623 | 512 | 3.09375 | 3 |
With the mouse wheel and mouse movements, or by clicking on the + and - buttons on the lower-left side of the map, you can zoom in and zoom out:
You can also zoom in quickly on any area of the map by double-clicking on it, or keep the Shift key pressed while you select an area with the mouse:
Depending on your map provider, on the Map view you will be able to zoom into different levels of detail:
- Here Maps
Maximum zoom level of 10 meters for all map layers (Map, Terrain, Aerial (no labels) and Aerial)
- Google Maps
Maximum zoom level of 5 meters for Map and Terrain layers.
Maximum zoom level of 10 meters for Aerial (no labels) and Aerial. | <urn:uuid:f02f1ff0-2bf3-49ce-a4e8-dab7e8386e8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://frotcominternational.zendesk.com/hc/en-gb/articles/204019401-Zooming-in-and-out | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.889001 | 157 | 1.75 | 2 |
Common viral disease caused by the RUBELLA VIRUS and most often affecting children and nonimmune young adults. The virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and spreads to the lymphatic system. Rubella is characterized by a generalized maculopapular rash and enlargement of the posterior occipitocervical lymph nodes, which precedes the appearance of the rash. The small, discrete, reddish-pink maculopapules begin on the face, progress rapidly downward to the trunk and extremities, and subside, generally within a few days. Except for possible infection of the fetus during pregnancy, rubella is one of the most benign of all infectious diseases of childhood.
Rubella, Rubeola, German Measles
German measles, Measles, German, Rubella, Rubella, NOS, Rubellas, THIRD DISEASE
1 images found for this diagnose | <urn:uuid:277c00aa-09df-49f9-8944-110283e40542> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dermis.net/dermisroot/en/11907/diagnosep.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00220-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.871725 | 192 | 3.5 | 4 |
|This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)|
"Second Variety" is a short story by Philip K. Dick first published in Space Science Fiction magazine, in May 1953. A nuclear war between the Soviet Union and the West has reduced much of the world to a barren wasteland. The war continues, however, among the scattered remains of humanity. The Western forces have developed "claws", which are autonomous self-replicating robots to fight on their side. It is one of Dick's many stories in which nuclear war has rendered the Earth's surface uninhabitable. The story was adapted into the movie Screamers in 1995.
The short story "Jon's World" written in 1954 revisited the claw-infested world of "Second Variety".
"Second Variety" occurs in the aftermath of an extensive nuclear war between the Soviet Union (sometimes referred to as Russia) and the United Nations. Early Soviet victories forced the North American government and production to flee to a Moon Base, leaving the majority of their troops behind. To counter the almost complete Soviet victory, U.N. technicians develop robots, nicknamed claws—the basic models are "a churning sphere of blades and metal" that ambush their unsuspecting victims "spinning, creeping, shaking themselves up suddenly from the gray ash and darting toward… [any warm body]." U.N. forces are protected from the claws by a special radiation-emitting wrist tab. Within six years, the sophisticated and independent claws have destroyed the Soviet forces, repairing and redesigning themselves in automated underground factories run without any human oversight.
The U.N. forces receive a message from the Soviets asking for a policy-level officer to go to them for a gravely urgent conference. The U.N. victory was costlier than they had expected. Major Joseph Hendricks is sent to negotiate with the Soviets. En route to the rendezvous, he meets a small boy named David who asks to accompany Hendricks. When they near the Soviet bunker, soldiers immediately kill the boy, revealing him to be an android. The claws' development program has evolved to develop sophisticated robots, indistinguishable from humans, designed to infiltrate and kill. The three Soviets met by Major Hendricks—soldiers Klaus, Rudi, and a young woman named Tasso—reveal that the entire Soviet army and command structure collapsed under the onslaught of the new robots - they are all that are left in the command center.
From salvaged internal metal identification plates, two varieties are identified: I-V, a wounded soldier, and III-V, David. II-V—the "second variety"—remains unknown. The different models are produced independently of each other in different factories. The Soviets also reveal that the U.N. protective tabs are ineffective against the new robots. Hendricks attempts to transmit a warning to his H.Q. bunker, but is unable to do so.
During the night, Klaus claims Rudi is the II-V and kills him, however Rudi's internal organs are human. The next morning, Hendricks and the two remaining Soviets return to the U.N. lines. When they reach the bunker, they discover it overrun: a crowd of David and Wounded Soldier robots attack, but Tasso destroys them with a very powerful hand grenade, stating that it was designed to destroy the robots. Hendricks and Tasso flee, leaving Klaus to the old-style claws. However, Klaus survives both the claws and the bomb blast only to be shot by Tasso, sending "gears and wheels" flying. Tasso tells Hendricks that Klaus must have been the II-V robot.
Hendricks, now suffering from a wounded arm and internal injuries, hopes to escape to the Moon Base. He and Tasso search for a hidden escape rocket, which is found to be a single-seat spacecraft. Hendricks attempts to leave, but Tasso convinces him to let her leave and send back help. In his injured state, he has no choice but to agree. Hendricks provides Tasso with the signal code needed to find the Moon Base.
Alone and armed with Tasso's pistol, Hendricks returns to Klaus' remains and discovers from the parts that the robot was not a II-V, but a IV-IV. A group of robots then attack Hendricks, including Davids, Wounded Soldiers, and several Tasso—the true II-V—models. Hendricks recognizes that he has doomed the Moon Base by sending a robot to them, and that he cannot withstand the onslaught of robots attacking him. As the Tasso models approach, Hendricks notices the bombs clipped to their belts, and recalls that the first Tasso used one to destroy other claws. At his end, Hendricks is vaguely comforted by the thought that the claws are designing, developing, and producing weapons meant for killing other claws.
T. S. Miller of Strange Horizons called the story one of "Dick's most compelling works". Miller states that it is "often singled out as one of the early stories that most anticipates Dick's preoccupations in his more famous novels".
"Second Variety" was first published in the May 1953 issue of Space Science Fiction magazine. It has since been republished in the following collections:
- The Variable Man (1956)
- The Best of Philip K. Dick (1977)
- Robots, Androids, and Mechanical Oddities (1984)
- The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick: Volume II (1987)
- Second Variety (1989)
- Second Variety (1991)
- The Philip K. Dick Reader (1997)
- Best Military Science Fiction of the 20th Century (2001)
- Minority Report (2002)
- Selected Stories of Philip K. Dick (2002)
- The Adjustment Team: The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick, Volume 2 (2011)
A Canadian film, based on "Second Variety", titled Screamers, was made in 1995, featuring Peter Weller. Jason P. Vest, in Future Imperfect: Philip K. Dick at the Movies, writes that the film is more faithful than most other adaptations, but it received a mixed critical reception and failed at the box office.
- The Terminator franchise similarly features a post-nuclear war world where killer robots develop newer models that appear fully human.
- The reimagined Battlestar Galactica also features a post-nuclear world where robots develop newer models that disguise themselves as humans. A significant portion of the series' plot focuses on the human characters' efforts to identify all of the robot models which are embedded in the human population.
- Miller, T. S. (2011-10-07). "The Adjustment Team: The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick, Volume 2". Strange Horizons. Retrieved 2014-08-06.
- Bould, Mark; Vint, Sherryl (2011). The Routledge Concise History of Science Fiction. Routledge. p. 90. ISBN 9781136820410.
- Vest, Jason P. (2009). Future Imperfect: Philip K. Dick at the Movies. University of Nebraska Press. p. 78. ISBN 9780803218604.
|Wikisource has original text related to this article:| | <urn:uuid:c8660a90-be20-4f30-a107-0fc60eea6137> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Variety | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721278.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00148-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935327 | 1,498 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Frequency of "Seitner" Surname in the US
2000 US Census
The surname "Seitner" is not included in the US Census Bureau's ranking of surnames with 100 or more people. Since fewer than 100 people with this surname were included in the 2000 Census, it is relatively uncommon.
Source: "Frequently Occurring Surnames from the Census 2000", US Census Bureau.
"Seitner" Graves on Histopolis
Histopolis currently has 1 grave(s) with the surname "Seitner".
Search the Histopols Grave Index for the surname "Seitner".
Resource Links for "Seitner"
Sorry, there are currently no resource links for the surname "Seitner".
Do you know of a web page containing information about this surname that would be useful to genealogy or history researchers? Please add it now! (Free registration required)
Surnames that Sound Like "Seitner"
The surname "Seitner" has a Soundex code of S356. The following 163 surname(s) may sound similar to "Seitner" since they share the same Soundex code.
Histopolis has an entry for this surname but it might be the result of an error in the source information, since:
- It was not listed in the US Census Bureau list of most frequent surnames for either 1990 or 2000,
- Histopolis currently has few entries (1) for this surname in the Histopolis Grave Index, and
- There are no currently no links to other sites with this surname.
To confirm this surname, add a link (above) to a page with information about this surname or that references individuals with this surname. | <urn:uuid:669f443b-95bc-4f2f-a258-13b7c2fdc0e9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.histopolis.com/Surname/Seitner | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00388-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920691 | 356 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Help comes in all forms. We know how hard virtual learning can be. So go ahead and take advantage of resources that make it easier to handle. From language learning, to mindfulness, to STEM education, there are countless resources for parents to help boost their at home learner.
Everything is a learning opportunity. According to Yup, students who are taught to embrace their mistakes in math will develop more confidence. So let's help our at home learners to see their mistakes as learning opportunities rather than failures
Celebrate wins. Learning from home isn't easy, but it can still be fun. Show your at-home learner how it's done by celebrating their successes, no matter how big or small.
Be flexible with time. Things can change on the fly. So prepare to be flexible with working hours and schedule around your students needs. And make sure to notify you need to step away to help your child.
Use online resources. There are vast educational resources online that are avaiable to help you and your student achive success. From foreign language apps to online math tutors like Yup, check out our list of e-learning resources.
The importance of math. Arguably the hardest subject, math can be a struggle. But there are elements of it that help students learn about critical thinking, decision making and overal confidence. By keeping your spirits up and you'll raise theirs in the process.
Know your curriculum. It's easier to help your student when you know what's going on. Collaborate to set goals & expectations, turn off notifications & apps, and help create a schedule that works for them.
Find what works for them. Every student is different. Some like quite rooms. Some are early birds. And some have different emotional needs. Once you can understand their needs, you'll be able to build a better learning environment from them.
Build their confidence. Children can be really hard on themselves and others. It's up to us to recognize when pressure is building and elevate them for success.
Grow together. It's important to keep an open mind and establish a growth mindset during the school year. Your student will mature and change, and so should you along with them.
Remote learning can be hard - but you're not alone. We’re featuring stories about how families are managing remote learning, from the good to the bad to the unbelievable. Submit yours now for a chance to be featured. Top 5 submissions will receive a $250 bill credit.Submit Your Story Submission Rules
Learning resources for parents and students alike.
Tips to maximize productivity and energy as you balance work and home life
Actionable tips to make the most of a continued remote learning environment
Tools and resources for remote education
3 ways to explain the importance of math to your children
Ways to deal with loss and sadness during the Coronavirus pandemic
Staying connected is super important. Here’s a few ways to efficiently learn and work from home.
This toolkit is for educators and allows them to share resources to learn more about Google’s technology with Families and Guardians.
A glossary of Google tools used in the classroom, plus video tutorials and additional resources.
We’ve compiled the most frequently asked questions about tech in the classroom below with quick tips, guides, and resources to help answer your tech questions.
Chromebooks also make it easy for parents to supervise their kids online using the Family Link app.
Giving teacher and families the tools and tips they need to help keep students learning. | <urn:uuid:939eaff4-68be-4aac-b4a6-08c64e47796e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.uscellular.com/content/uscc-static/en/support/learn-with-us.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.954793 | 730 | 3.109375 | 3 |
On Air Now
Heart's Club Classics with Pandora Christie 7pm - 11pm
19 September 2018, 06:00
Devon and Cornwall police have exclusively told Heart, all their frontline officers and PCSO's are being issued with tourniquets.
Last year more than 700 Devon and Cornwall police officers were assaulted while on duty.
Many of them were only minor injuries, but there were some serious injuries, including significant bleeding.
Now Heart's been told that frontline officers and PCSO's with Devon and Cornwall police are being issued with tourniquets, which can be self-applied in the event of a serious injury.
They can also be used on members of the public suffering serious arterial bleeds following incidents like road traffic collisions or stabbings.
Superintendent Ian Drummond-Smith tells us, a tourniquet was used on someone who'd been stabbed in Truro, and medics credited it's use with saving the persons life.
"We're often first on the scene to traumatic incidents, and by giving them a tourniquet we believe we can help stop that bleed really quickly, and save lives".
Officers are being given updated first aid training to learn how to self apply the tourniquets, or use them on someone else. | <urn:uuid:9439c89c-b7f0-45e4-91ab-3ac8c268d3de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.heart.co.uk/southwest/news/local/exclusive-police-officers-given-tourniquets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.971559 | 265 | 1.84375 | 2 |
A Most Truthful Poem
By Donna M. Monnig
There’s gold at the end of the rainbow,
The giant leprechaun told me so.
He said the Easter Bunny put it there –
Had to hide it from the clown at the fair –
The clown was a cop; not many know.
The gold was stolen by a sneaky hobo!
The Easter Bunny wanted the golden egg,
But the goose refused even though he begged.
Mother Goose hired the clown to protect the gold,
And in this poem not one lie has been told.
©Donna M. Monnig
Picture ©Donna M. Monnig
Today’s NaPoWriMo challenge was to write a ten line poem in which every line was a lie.
This entry was posted in My Poems
, NaPoWriMo 2014
and tagged 30 poems in 30 days
, Creative Writing
, Donna M. Monnig
, Easter Bunny
, National Poetry Month
, National Poetry Writing Month
, poem a day
, Rhyme N Review
. Bookmark the permalink | <urn:uuid:ec7cf4fa-a15a-448a-a607-cbdb8ea40b44> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://rhymenreview.wordpress.com/2014/04/16/a-most-truthful-poem-napowrimo-day-16/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00092-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923811 | 242 | 3.28125 | 3 |
1. WHAT IS CBD
Learn everything you need to know about CBD. Let us do the research so you don’t have to.
2. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CBD & THC
Know the exact difference between CBD & THC.
3. ALL THE BENEFITS OF CBD
Learn everything CBD can do for your pet.
4. CBD INSIDE THE BODY
Know the exact process of what CBD does through your pet’s body.
5. THE RECEPTORS
There are many receptors in the hemp plant. Learn the important receptors and what they do.
6. FINDING THE RIGHT PRODUCT
Since CBD is an unregulated industry, learn how to find the best high-quality product for your pet.
7. HOW TO PROPERLY ADMINISTER CBD
Even though most companies dose by weight, learn the proper way to administer by issue.
8. GIVING THE CORRECT DOSAGE
Learn how much CBD you should be giving your exact pet.
9. FULL SPECTRUM VS BROAD SPECTRUM CBD
Know the complete difference between broad and full spectrum. | <urn:uuid:f73b335e-1975-4dfa-a369-e7cb6baae50d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://angelaardolino.com/cbd-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.863525 | 236 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Last week guest blogger Ray Raphael laid out a challenge: Choose seven people to follow through the entire American Revolution whose stories, when combined, would tell the whole of that political, military, and social change.
I shared my thoughts, and Boston 1775 readers rose to the challenge with many more suggestions. I also promised to reveal the folks whom Ray chose to follow in Founders: The People Who Brought You a Nation, and here they are:
- George Washington. Virginia planter. Delegate to the House of Burgesses and the Continental Congress. Generalissimo. Chairman of the Constitutional Convention. President. You’ve heard of him, right?
- Joseph Plumb Martin. Native of Massachusetts raised in Connecticut. Private soldier from 1775 to 1783, reaching rank of sergeant. Settled in Maine. Published a lively account of his military career, most likely edited from his contemporaneous journals because of all the detail, in 1830.
- Mercy Otis Warren. Political writer. Sister of James Otis, Jr., wife of James Warren, friend of John and Abigail Adams. Active Whig, Anti-federalist, and Jeffersonian. The Woman Who Did Everything More Beautifully Than You.
- Robert Morris. British-born Pennsylvania merchant. Delegate to the Congress. Financier and financial manager of the U.S. of A., founder of the Bank of North America, lender of large sums to the new republic. Delegate to the Constitutional Convention and Senator. Land speculator and debtor.
- Timothy Bigelow. Blacksmith from Worcester. Local political organizer. Colonel of a Massachusetts regiment in the Continental Army. Developer of Montpelier, Vermont. Debtor.
- Henry Laurens. South Carolina planter. President of the Continental Congress after John Hancock. Diplomat and eventually one negotiator of the Treaty of Paris. Father of John Laurens. Highest-ranking U.S. government official ever captured by the enemy.
- Dr. Thomas Young. A New York country doctor, deist, and poet. Helped found the Albany Sons of Liberty before moving to Boston. Soon one of the town’s top Whig organizers. Fleeing the troops in Boston in September 1774, he joined the Patriots in Rhode Island. Then he moved on to Philadelphia, becoming a leader of the state’s radical party and an army surgeon. Coined the name “Vermont.”
Washington, Martin, and Bigelow were all in the army at Valley Forge and Yorktown, but, holding different ranks, experienced the war in different ways. Morris and Laurens were very important figures in the civil government while Warren and Young wrote political essays and exercised behind-the-scenes influence. Washington, Morris, and Bigelow all invested in land development after the war; Martin was one of the small farmers who settled on such newly developed land. Only one of these people didn’t live to see Britain acknowledge American independence. | <urn:uuid:ebc1b9fd-a081-41ef-aa2a-03b949ff9635> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://boston1775.blogspot.com/2009/05/seven-founders.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00225-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929368 | 615 | 2.4375 | 2 |
DONETSK, Ukraine — A team of international police officers that had been due to visit the site of the Malaysian plane disaster in eastern Ukraine canceled the trip Sunday after receiving reports of fighting in the area.
Alexander Hug, the deputy head of a monitoring team from the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, said it was too dangerous for the unarmed officers to travel to the site from its current location in the rebel-held city of Donetsk.
Malaysian Airlines Flight 17 was shot down with a surface-to-air missile over a part of eastern Ukraine controlled by pro-Russian separatists on July 17, killing all 298 people on board. U.S. and Ukrainian officials say it was shot down by a missile from rebel territory, most likely by mistake.
While it was not immediately clear where precisely clashes had broken out, a Ukrainian defense official said Sunday that government forces are now undertaking efforts to clear the areas around the Boeing 777 crash site from separatist rebels.
Hug said the police mission, which is comprised of officers from the Netherlands and Australia, will reconsider resuming operations if security improves.
“We continue to reassess the situation continuously and we will start to redeploy tomorrow morning back to the site if the situation changes,” Hug said.
Australian prime minister Tony Abbott had said earlier Sunday that unarmed Australian police would be sent to the crash site as part of a Dutch-led police force to secure the area and help recover victims’ remains.
Australian couple Jerzy Dyczynski and Angela Rudhart-Dyczynski whose daughter, 25-year-old Fatima, was a passenger on Malaysia Airlines flight MH17, sit on part of the wreckage of the crashed aircraft Saturday in Hrabove, Ukraine.
ASSOCIATED PRESS Enlarge
Concerns about the integrity of the site were raised further on Saturday when a couple that had flown from their home in Perth, Australia, visited the wreckage-strewn fields outside the village of Hrabove and even sat down on part of the debris.
Flights from Ukraine to the Netherlands have taken 227 coffins containing victims of the plane disaster. Officials say the exact number of people held in the coffins still needs to be determined by forensic experts in the Netherlands.
Ukraine’s National Security Council spokesman Andrei Lysenko said that Ukrainian troops were engaging rebels in fighting at several locations Sunday, including near the town of Debaltseve, which is 15 miles (25 kilometers) northwest of the crash site.
There was also fighting on the outskirts of Horlivka, one of the separatists’ key strongholds, Lysenko said.
Lysenko said more than 20 rebel fighters were killed and eight of their armored vehicles destroyed during fighting in Horlivka. One government soldier has been killed over the previous day’s fighting, he said.
Russian state news agency RIA Novosti reported Sunday that a column of Ukrainian armored personnel carriers, trucks and tanks had entered the town of Shakhtarsk, 10 miles (15 kilometers) west of the site of the crash.
Shakhtarsk is a strategic town in the area. By controlling the town, the Ukrainian army would be cutting off the regional capital, Donetsk, from the highway leading to the Russian border.
The Malaysia Airlines disaster prompted some expectation in the West that Russia would scale back its involvement in the uprising in Ukraine’s east, but 10 days later the opposite seems to be the case.
Russia launched artillery attacks from its soil into Ukraine on Friday, while the United States said it has seen powerful rocket systems moving closer to the Ukraine border.
Guidelines: Please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Comments that violate these standards, or our privacy statement or visitor's agreement, are subject to being removed and commenters are subject to being banned. To post comments, you must be a registered user on toledoblade.com. To find out more, please visit the FAQ. | <urn:uuid:40f6048d-bfb6-496a-9155-1b42dbecb9be> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.toledoblade.com/World/2014/07/27/Dutch-police-travel-to-scene-of-Malaysian-plane-disaster-to-secure-site.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00119-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963427 | 822 | 1.570313 | 2 |
IN THE CLOSING WEEKS OF WORLD WAR II, AS ALLIED TROOPS RUMBLED INTO GERMAN TOWNS and the victors jockeyed to divide the spoils, one prize stood out: the people and machinery that had produced the V-2 rocket, one of the war’s most exotic weapons. To the delight of U.S. intelligence, Wernher von Braun and most of his top associates on the V-2 development team chose to surrender to the Americans, shrewdly calculating where they might be allowed to continue their pioneering research after the war. One German rocket engineer, quoted by historians Frederick Ordway and Mitchell R. Sharpe in their book The Rocket Team, sized up his options in April 1945: “We despise the French, we are mortally afraid of the Soviets, we do not believe the British can afford us. So that leaves the Americans.”
On June 20, 1945, von Braun and about 1,000 other German engineers and family members made the exodus from east Germany into the U.S.-held western zone, just ahead of the advancing Red Army. When the Soviets arrived, they found the V-2 underground production center at Mittelwerk mostly abandoned, its top personnel gone and key documents missing.
Among the disappointed Russians was 33-year-old Boris Chertok, an aerospace engineer who had arrived in Germany two months earlier with a broad assignment to search for and evaluate Nazi technology, particularly the V-2. Today a consultant at RKK Energia, the company that built the Mir station and other Russian spacecraft, Chertok’s career in the space industry goes back 65 years, including work on the Soviet attempt to send a man to the moon. In the mid-1990s he wrote Rakety i Lyudi (Rockets and People), a monumental four-volume memoir that became a bible for space historians around the world.
When I met Chertok in Moscow last year, his health was declining, which slowed his movements and forced him to talk loudly to overcome deteriorating hearing. Yet his memory of events that took place half a century earlier was still vivid. He recalled the scramble in 1945 as he and his colleagues tried, with little success, to lure top German talent to the Soviet side. His emissaries made risky dashes into the American zone, approaching the rocket specialists with offers of hefty salaries, food rations, and—most importantly—the opportunity to stay in Germany. That was one of the few battles von Braun and his colleagues had lost in negotiating with the Americans, and the Soviet recruiting campaign appealed to the Germans’ longing to remain in their homeland.
Few took the bait. One who did was Helmut Gröttrup, a physicist by training and a top expert on the V-2’s flight control system. Historians have debated why Gröttrup turned down the offer to work in the United States, suggesting that it was a combination of his leftist views and his refusal to become a bit player on von Braun’s team. Chertok thinks the primary reason was Gröttrup’s wish—and the even stronger desire of his wife Irmgard—to stay in Germany. He doesn’t discount, however, the scientist’s left-wing politics. “He was what we would call a social democrat—definitely anti-fascist,” Chertok recalls.
For whatever combination of reasons, Gröttrup signed up with the Soviets, who established a rocket research institute in the town of Bleicherode, not far from the Mittelwerk plant, and set him up with a $1,250 per month salary and a spacious house (the owner, an affluent merchant, was rudely turned out, according to Ordway and Sharpe). Gröttrup’s first task was to compile a detailed report about the rocket research he and his colleagues had been engaged in at the Peenemünde center on the Baltic coast. He also was placed in charge of hundreds of Germans, whose main job was to produce a full set of drawings for the V-2 and re-start production. Irmgard volunteered to search for food and other provisions for institute personnel in the midst of devastated Germany.
It wasn’t long before the other shoe dropped, however. As flightworthy V-2 missiles started rolling off the restored production line in 1946, the Soviet government made a secret decision, signed by Josef Stalin on May 13, to transfer all ballistic missile work, along with the German rocket experts, to Russia by year’s end. Ivan Serov, the head of the Soviet secret police in Germany, devised a plan, code-named “Osoaviakhim” after a Soviet aeronautical organization, to accomplish the deportation in just five days, with no advance notice. As Serov bluntly put it, moving quickly and relying on the element of surprise would “prevent Germans from running away when they learn that Soviet organizations deport their German employees.” Some 2,500 security officers were assigned to the operation, along with regular army units.
Chertok, who had tried hard to build good relations with his new recruits, favored the decision. “I believed it was a useful step,” he says. “We worked with Germans almost a year and a half, achieved a lot, and I considered it necessary to continue in Russia for some period of time.”
Not everyone agreed. Chertok’s friend and colleague, Sergei Korolev, who would go on to lead the stunning Soviet space achievements of the 1950s and 1960s, despised the move. In 1946, the man who would later become the Soviets’ chief designer for space nurtured ambitions of building his own rocket team. “Korolev had a negative attitude toward German participation in our work from the very beginning,” says Chertok, “and he did see them as potential competitors.”
The German engineers had little warning of what was coming. Early in the morning of October 22, 1946, Soviet soldiers showed up at the homes of top technical workers and informed them that they would be deported to work at various Soviet industrial ministries. It was the same story at each house: A Soviet security officer, accompanied by an interpreter, shocked half-asleep families by ordering them to pack up personal belongings and prepare to board trains for Russia. A promise of a five-year contract in the Soviet Union and an offer of assistance with packing and moving were little consolation. According to recently published Soviet accounts, as many as 7,000 workers and family members were rounded up. Only 500 or so were rocket engineers and their families—the rest worked primarily for the aircraft and nuclear industries.
When an angry Helmut Gröttrup asked when he and his colleagues might return to Germany, Dmitry Ustinov, the head of the ministry responsible for missile development, joked, “As soon as you can fly around the world in a rocket!” Gröttrup boarded one of the 92 trains transporting the deportees and immediately dictated a letter of protest to his secretary, but it was to no avail. He arrived in Russia a few days later.
Growing up in Moscow in the 1970s, I spent my summer vacations at a dacha in Valentinovka, in the city’s northeastern suburbs. It was a place of magnificent pine and birch trees, gravel roads, and unpaved trails, twisting between ageless wooden cottages with brick chimneys and glass-covered porches. Back then, the hemorrhaging Soviet economy left local food stores largely empty, prompting my mother, in her never-ending quest for groceries, to make frequent trips to nearby Podlipki, where the shelves always seemed well stocked.
Official Soviet encyclopedias listed timber production as Podlipki’s main industry, but even then we knew it was home to the rocket industry, whose privileged workers could find cheese and milk even during the worst shortages. It wasn’t until the 1990s that the town’s true mission was made public, and it was renamed Korolev to honor the luminary of the Soviet space program, who spent the most productive years of his life there. It was here that Helmut Gröttrup was sent, to work at the newly established NII-88 scientific research institute, the first Soviet industrial facility dedicated to rocket development.
Boris Yezhov, a Korolev town historian, says that about half the Germans were accommodated in vacation houses in the northeastern suburbs. Most of the residences no longer exist, but at least one, in Bolshevo, is still standing. On the way to see it, Yezhov showed me an old black-and-white photo of a majestic stone mansion, sitting oddly in the middle of a forest. Today it’s a vacation house for Russian movie executives. But when Germans lived there it was nicknamed the “Fascist Palace,” and it housed “I don’t know how many tenants,” according to Irmgard Gröttrup. She and Helmut moved into a six-room villa more befitting his status, and were given a chauffeur-driven BMW. Later, though, when Helmut was transferred out of Moscow, Irmgard would spend a few months in the Fascist Palace. During her first night in the crowded building, her Russian hosts asked when she and her fellow Germans were going to bed. She recalled, “We looked at the 10 bottles of vodka on the table and laughed out loud: We hadn’t the slightest intention of going to sleep.”
Other Germans were housed according to their jobs. Specialists in guidance and radio systems, perhaps the most challenging task in the Soviet missile development program, settled in the town of Monino, farther east on the Yaroslavskaya Railroad. Another group, led by V-2 propulsion specialist Erich Putze, was attached to the collective of Valentin Glushko, the other principal figure in Russian rocketry at that time. Glushko worked on rocket propulsion systems at the OKB-456 design bureau, now known as NPO Energomash, the company that builds engines for almost every Russian rocket as well as the U.S. Atlas booster. Like Korolev, Glushko was not enthusiastic about German participation in his work. “He distanced himself from the Germans,” says Vladimir Sudakov, a historian at NPO Energomash.
Without support from above, Gröttrup struggled with badly equipped laboratories and a lack of tools. The Germans working for Glushko were taken off work on a more advanced engine for the V-2, designated RD-102, and given secondary and often humiliating jobs, such as designing the foundation for industrial buildings.
For the Russian rocket pioneers, it was partly a matter of pride. Korolev and Glushko had been at this business for years, and believed they could improve on the already outdated V-2 with no outside help. But Stalin himself was keen to have his scientists launch German missiles before moving on to their own. He believed that by copying Western designs, like that of the American B-29 bomber (see “Made in the USSR,” Feb./Mar. 2001), Soviet engineers could quickly absorb foreign innovations. Decades later, veterans of the Soviet aerospace industry publicly admitted they had done just that.
So in August 1947, Gröttrup and several other Germans boarded a train to a new launch range at Kapustin Yar, near the border with Kazakhstan, to assist with the first launches of V-2s. Out here, Irmgard wrote in her diary, the camels outnumbered the cars. Still, the engineers were excited to be launching rockets again. The atmosphere, she noted, was “just like Peenemünde when we made our first experiments.”
Upon returning to Moscow in December, the Germans continued to be shut out of important work. Gröttrup and his associates presented to their Russian hosts a concept for a new guided missile, the G-1, partially based on work done in Germany during the war. Also designated the R-10, it featured a number of improvements over the V-2, including a longer range. But despite positive Russian reviews of the concept, it went nowhere. Soon German engineers began losing their positions at NII-88 and were reassigned to a research facility on Gorodomlya Island, 200 miles northwest of Moscow, where half their fellow Germans had already been living since arriving in Russia.
Helmut Gröttrup had few regrets about leaving the frustration of NII-88, but his wife felt a pang of nostalgia: “Farewell Moscow!” she wrote. “In spite of everything, you meant a great deal to me—a host of good friends—a city, in which I quarreled, laughed, wept, and pondered much.”
In the Upper Volga region of Russia, surrounded by swamps and evergreen forest, lies magnificent Lake Seliger, and at its center, Gorodomlya Island. In 1629 a rich landowner donated the island to a Russian Orthodox monastery, and for most of the three centuries that followed, Gorodomlya remained virtually uninhabited. Mid-19th-century maps of the island show the lone house of a forester. In 1928 the Soviet government evicted the monks and established a biological research laboratory. According to local legend, one of the defiant monks drowned himself in the lake, and his ghost has wandered the island ever since.
The region around Lake Seliger saw heavy fighting during World War II, and the laboratory was evacuated in the face of the German advance. By the war’s end, Gorodomlya had become home to numerous Soviet military hospitals, and was connected with the outside world by an underwater telephone cable. But its real claim to fame was the rocket research conducted there in the years immediately following the war.
It took Gröttrup and his fellow Germans days to reach the island from Moscow, but I made the trip in five hours by car. From the shores of Lake Seliger, I boarded a ferry that takes a half-hour to reach Gorodomlya. Not far from the pier is a gated entrance and a guardhouse. By the time I reached the gate, it was already under siege by a group of teens from our ferry, who were quarreling loudly with a female guard. Apparently they were here for a dance party at a nearby club, and some of them did not have permits to be on the restricted island.
As I climbed the road past the security fence, I could appreciate Irmgard Gröttrup’s feelings when she arrived here a half-century earlier: “So great was our curiosity about the island that we hardly noticed the dreaded barbed wire once we had landed. I think we were all too anxious to know what went on behind it.” At the top of the hill, the asphalt road took me around a white stone building marked “LIBRARY.” It used to be a café, which doubled as a social club for the Germans. The newcomers, it seems, tried to make it feel like home.
“The camp looks like an outsize toy village transplanted from Germany,” Irmgard wrote. “There are flowers in the touchingly well-tended gardens, and on the balconies, the windows are curtained and the washing on the lines is spotless.” More than 50 years later, a visitor can still find many houses at Gorodomlya surrounded by rose bushes, their bright flowers striking a dissonant note in that harsh landscape.
The German engineers and their family members could obtain permits to leave the island, but only for limited periods, and only with a Soviet escort. According to Valery Bukreev, a Russian engineer who has lived on Gorodomlya since the 1960s, the weekly trips German housewives made across the lake drove up prices at the local produce market. During winter the lake iced over, and the wives pulled sleds loaded with provisions. During spring thaws the trip became more dangerous, and Irmgard Gröttrup remembered watching Russians hop from one piece of floating ice to another.
Compared to Moscow, life on the island was primitive. The first German families to arrive had been given apartments with no bathtubs but plenty of bugs. (I learned on my first morning there that the descendants of these bloodsucking insects remain.) Eventually, after much bickering with the Soviet authorities and their own efforts on the weekends, things improved. In the summer of 1948, the Germans built a tennis court. “Even today,” Bukreev says, “the surface of this court gets dry in minutes after the rain, so well was it laid out.” The Soviets provided schools, which had 150 German students at one point, some of whom went on to college in St. Petersburg.
The real problem, though, was not the living conditions or even the lack of freedom, but disillusionment with the work. Gröttrup was pleased with the caliber of his German colleagues, who were well equipped and had more cohesiveness as a unit than he had seen back in Moscow. Although only a few had worked at Peenemünde, he quickly discovered a number of brilliant specialists on his new team: Joachim Umpfenbach, responsible for propulsion systems; Waldemar Wollf, a ballistics expert; aerodynamicist Werner Albring; Johannes Hoch, who led the team developing flight control systems; Alois Yasper, in charge of production; and Heinz Jaffke, who headed construction of launch facilities.
But politics worked against them. “There was a suspicion toward any foreigner in the U.S.S.R,” says Alexander Eremenko, a historian of NII-88, and the Germans at Gorodomlya were physically and intellectually isolated. Back in Moscow, Korolev was building a vast industrial network for rocket development, but the Germans were unable to test their concepts or even collaborate with anyone off the island.
Korolev was trying to push his own rocket design through the bureaucracy at NII-88. In many ways his R-2 paralleled the Germans’ G-1 concept. Both rockets minimized weight and added range. And both featured a separable warhead, so the rest of the missile wouldn’t have to survive the scorching heat of atmospheric reentry.
Three days after Christmas 1948, a delegation from NII-88 arrived at Gorodomlya to review progress on the G-1 project. Gröttrup bluntly told his bosses that further development of the rocket made no sense unless he and his co-workers were allowed to do experimental work. The review ended on a positive note, but there was no further discussion of building the G-1 rocket. Soviet officials continued visiting the island over the following year, seeking proposals for various rocket concepts, but nothing came of any of them.
By the end of 1950, with no prospect of returning home and no hope of creative engineering work, Gröttrup asked visiting Soviet officials to relieve him of his duties as head of the German collective. He hoped that as a show of solidarity, none of his German colleagues would agree to fill his position. He was wrong. Johannes Hoch, the flight control system expert, was appointed to take his place. But only four days later, possibly due to negative reactions from other members of the team, Hoch and five of his supporters were transferred to Moscow to join a team developing anti-aircraft missiles; it was led by Sergei Beriya, the son of Lavrenty Beriya, Stalin’s infamous secret police chief. Boris Chertok agrees with Irmgard Gröttrup’s perhaps biased characterization of Hoch as a “crypto-Communist.” According to Chertok, Hoch applied for Soviet citizenship and even tried to join the Communist party. “He also was an extraordinary talented engineer,” says Chertok, “and if not for his premature death could have been one of our chief designers.”
By the time Helmut Gröttrup walked away from his job, the Soviets had gotten about all they wanted from their foreign experts. As more newly trained Russian engineers took over key jobs on the island, the Ministry of Armaments decided to discontinue the German collective’s missile development project, and the secret work at Gorodomlya ceased. Around the same time, back at the OKB-456 design bureau, Glushko authored a document essentially asking the government to send the Germans back home. Meanwhile, the German scientists were assigned such tasks as designing aerodynamic weighting mechanisms or boat engines. Depression, heavy drinking, and even suicide attempts plagued the team and their families.
In 1951, the first group of Germans was allowed to return to East Germany. The Gröttrups remained until November 1953, when all but a few of the remaining Germans were sent home. The rest, mostly guidance experts, eventually were transferred to Moscow. Helmut and Irmgard returned to Germany and even succeeded in moving back to the western sector. Again Helmut was offered a job in the United States, and again he opted to stay in his home country. He went on to a successful career in the electronics industry, and turned his back on the past.
On August 21, 1957, the Soviet newspaper Pravda boasted that the U.S.S.R. was in possession of intercontinental ballistic missiles. As Western intelligence confirmed the Soviet claim, one high-ranking official at NATO’s European headquarters reportedly exclaimed, “We captured the wrong Germans.”
His comment was based on a rather common belief in the West: that Soviet breakthroughs in rocketry, including the triumphant launch of Sputnik 1 a few weeks later, were due to the contributions of German rocket scientists. When Wernher von Braun and his team answered Sputnik the next winter with the first U.S. satellite, Explorer 1, a popular joke was that the two orbiters exchanged greetings in their common language—German.
Historians, however, disagree about the impact of German rocket scientists on the Soviet program. “In reality, the Germans did not build anything for the Russians, did not ‘supervise’ the firings, and did not introduce innovations,” wrote German-born rocket historian (and von Braun colleague) Willy Ley in 1968. Nearly three decades later, Boris Chertok echoed the opinion in his memoirs. The R-7, the Soviets’ first ICBM and the vehicle that launched Sputnik, bore no German “birth marks,” he wrote.
However, Olaf Przybilski, an historian at the Technical University of Dresden, disagrees. His analysis, published in Germany in 1997, points out a striking resemblance between a cone-like aerodynamic shape the Gröttrup team had proposed for several rockets and the conical shape of Korolev’s largest designs—the R-7 and the ill-fated N1 moon rocket.
The truth lies somewhere in between. Germans did not design the Sputnik or its rocket, but the ideas developed by Gröttrup’s team on Gorodomlya did influence Soviet designers and accelerate their efforts. On her last day on Gorodomlya Island, Irmgard Gröttrup wrote in her diary: “Once more we had a meal with our friends, draining glass after glass and taking stock of the past years. We came to the conclusion that they had not been wasted, as we had so often believed. The men agreed that…the long-range rocket has made the conquest of space a definite possibility in the foreseeable future.”
Whether or not their work ultimately mattered, there is no question that the Germans who went east after the war had a markedly different experience from those who headed west. Wernher von Braun would eventually supervise construction of NASA’s Saturn V moon rocket, rise to the top levels of agency management, and win the National Medal of Science. Kurt Debus, another Peenemünde alumnus, headed launch operations at Cape Canaveral during the Apollo program. Helmut Gröttrup was happy just to make it back home to Germany.
After the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union, some of the surviving “Russian Germans,” as the rocket scientists had came to be known in their homeland, returned to Russia for a reunion with former friends and colleagues. Among them was Ursula Gröttrup, the daughter of Helmut and Irmgard and now a woman in her late 50s living in Hamburg. Back on the island, she found her childhood home still standing, and learned that shortly after her family left, a new organization began producing gyroscope technology for Soviet rockets and spacecraft. Some of that hardware eventually flew on the Buran space shuttle and the Mir space station in the 1980s. Finally, something made on Gorodomlya made it to the launch pad. | <urn:uuid:0a87e662-8e09-45a0-acb4-1c0c0e7965c0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.airspacemag.com/space/the-rest-of-the-rocket-scientists-4376617/?all | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00175-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979219 | 5,283 | 2.640625 | 3 |
The vastness of modern infrastructure projects – frequently crossing international and state borders – has increased the industry’s involvement with courts and regulators at all levels of government. And by serving as a cornerstone for economic growth and national security, infrastructure has broad impacts on consumer wellbeing, tax revenues, domestic and international commerce, and the political state that deserves attention.
Predictably, opportunistic environmental activists have begun exploiting courts and regulators as venues to dispute such projects. As a result, critical energy development like Dakota Access and Keystone XL pipelines have been disrupted and developers bombarded with litigation that banks on a sympathetic judge rather than legal merit and fact.
In an effort to provide fact-based and informative analysis on these important issues in the energy space, the GAIN Coalition today launched “GAIN Gavel,” a new platform dedicated to monitoring and analyzing the merits of regulatory and court room disputes. GAINGavel.org will serve as a reliable resource for legal, regulatory, and activist activity regarding the development of our nation’s infrastructure network.
“The GAIN Coalition is proud to launch GAIN Gavel and looks forward to building on our commitment to championing infrastructure investments that promote a stronger America,” said GAIN spokesman Craig Stevens. “With the industry’s ever-growing impact, we believe members of the public, policymakers, and the media deserve an honest, fact-based resource to stay informed on the legal and regulatory landscape surrounding infrastructure development.”
GAINGavel.org is a project of Grow America’s Infrastructure Now (GAIN) – a diverse coalition of businesses, trade associations, and labor groups that work to create jobs and strengthen our nation’s economy through infrastructure development. | <urn:uuid:35a3de85-13fc-4714-b382-2315b3f0af98> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gainnow.org/2020/07/28/gain-launches-gain-gavel-a-reliable-resource-for-legal-and-regulatory-news-pertinent-to-infrastructure-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.938076 | 356 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Why study this course?
The course is designed to support you in preparing to train as a community interpreter.
You will develop important personal skills such as assertiveness and listening skills, to become successful in community interpreting. There will be an opportunity to further develop awareness and knowledge about public services in the UK.
You will study the following units:
Introduction to Working as a Bilingual Volunteer
English Language for Community Interpreters
You will do a short initial assessment to find out your level of English. You will need a minimum of Level 1 English.
You will need a pen, an A4 sized lined notepad and a ring binder folder to keep your work in. You will also need an internet connection to access online lessons a computer with microphone and camera, a tablet or smart phone and headphones.
Day, time and duration
Friday, 9.30, 30 weeks
Friday 16th September 2022
This course may be free if you meet the eligibility criteria.
Funding your course
For more information about funding your course, visit https://www.halesowen.ac.uk/adult-fee-information/ | <urn:uuid:635db4b1-8b9a-4e99-96eb-5560657b7315> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.halesowen.ac.uk/study/adult-and-part-time/level-2-community-interpreting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.901745 | 256 | 1.734375 | 2 |
You are here
Environmental and Social Impacts of Geothermal Development in Conservation Forest Areas in Indonesia
Geothermal resource is one of Indonesia’s largest potential sources of renewable energy with an estimated capacity of 29 gigawatts (GW) per year. The development of the geothermal power sector provides a significant opportunity to address Indonesia’s power shortages and extend access to electricity, especially in remote parts of the country, while supporting Indonesia’s target of producing 23% of its energy through new and renewable energy resources by 2025.
Unlocking Indonesia’s geothermal power potential, however, has been constrained by policy restrictions, implementation challenges, lack of capacity, environmental and social issues, permitting delays, a history of low energy pricing, and a lack of capital investment in exploration and project development. To address these many constraints, the Government of Indonesia has put major efforts into promoting geothermal development with initiatives such as the Roadmap of Geothermal Development 2012–2025 and a new policy, tariff and law in 2014. The new law, Geothermal Law No. 21, declassified geothermal energy as a mining activity allowing for its development in conservation areas not previously accessible for development.
Most geothermal potential in Indonesia is in or close to forest areas. This has raised societal concerns about environmental and social impacts, especially in forests that play an important role in supplying fresh water, harbor endangered wildlife, or have high cultural or religious values. Environmental and social impacts and risks associated with geothermal power development are complex and significant and the degree to which these risks and impacts vary between geothermal power projects is not well understood.
A new study, Rapid Environmental and Social Assessment of Geothermal Development in Conservation Forest Areas of Indonesia was undertaken to build a better understanding of environmental and social risks from the perspective of both the Ministry of Energy & Mineral Resources and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
"Both ministries could build upon the rapid assessment tool and use it for prioritizing and planning geothermal project development in conservation forest areas. The tool is also being used to screen geothermal prospects to be included in the Geothermal Energy Upstream Development Project, an ongoing government exploration drilling project supported by the World Bank." Muchsin C. Abdul Qadir, Energy Specialist at the World Bank explained.
The key finding is that project access roads are the major cause of social and environmental risks and impacts associated with geothermal power development in forest areas. Geothermal energy projects in Indonesia on average require longer access roads than projects in other countries with similar capacity - exhibiting nearly twice as much road construction, about 10 km of roads per 100 MW capacity versus about 5 km elsewhere - generating relatively high impacts on forests and wildlife. To get about 10 km of project access roads, 30 hectares of forest clearing is needed, while about 10 km2 of forest is indirectly impacted through the effects of road-facilitated hunting, illegal logging, use of fire, and other detrimental activities.
This is likely related to the remote forested and mountainous terrain in which many geothermal projects have been established in Indonesia and the low density of the pre-existing rural road network, thus requiring the construction of lengthy new access roads. The report also found that the wider the roads the greater the environmental impacts. Therefore, the management of road access is crucial to mitigate the risk of increased pressure on forests and forest wildlife.
The report recommends that projects which require the construction of access roads deep into forest areas should be avoided, especially if they go into core zones of conservation areas. Indonesia should develop regulations that minimize road widths and clearing around roads and include requirements for installation of faunal crossing culverts and overpasses and high-quality road base or asphalted roads with good drainage that require less forest canopy opening.
Although the risk level of geothermal power development in Indonesian forest areas varies greatly depending on a range of social and environmental factors, the report advises that ignoring these risks significantly increases the costs of geothermal power development. It recommends that government institutions, project developers, and financiers use this World Bank risk assessment in the prioritization of areas for development, focusing first on project sites with low risks and high potential capacity.
Prepared by Charlotte Ampaire
Last Updated : 06-10-2020 | <urn:uuid:a700223b-199f-4f30-bf1a-173ffd37bddd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.profor.info/content/environmental-and-social-impacts-geothermal-development-conservation-forest-areas-indonesia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.929511 | 865 | 3.203125 | 3 |
What’s SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION advertising and marketing? You can start your own beard care model with just some cheap elements that you can purchase online. Whenever you manage to make a good product, all it is advisable to do is maintain its advertising and bulk manufacturing. Public legal responsibility insurance coverage or normal liability insurance covers a enterprise or organization towards claims should its operations injure a member of the general public or damage their property in a roundabout way.
Now, some buckets are price more than others, and the three important buckets that you simply want to pay attention to for search rankings are quality, trust and authority. So quality: what Google is making an attempt to measure after they’re attempting to determine what sites should rank is offering one thing priceless or distinctive or interesting to googles searchers. For example: good content—if you are promoting t-shirts and you’re utilizing the identical description that each other t-shirt vendor is utilizing on their web site then you aren’t providing something distinctive to Google’s searchers.
In Boston one of many very best excessive skyscraper restaurant areas was taken over by a banquet facility firm. The proprietor of this enterprise grew up in the restaurant business but decided to build his personal enterprise completely around banquets. A banquet facility is an attention-grabbing different to the tough restaurant enterprise. You get to match your labor and meals prices closely to your income. And by having a devoted space and a tightly targeted business you should be able to execute effectively.
In the event you’re in search of profitable enterprise ideas to execute, strive print on demand That is when you sell your personal custom designs on objects like telephone cases, mugs, and t-shirts, but don’t really print the art work. As a substitute, you collaborate with suppliers who print your design on the product – they will even package and ship the product to your customers, so you do not have to fret about logistics. Additionally, you solely pay after you have sold the products. One of the quickest ways to get started is to create a Shopify store and set up a POD app like Printify When it comes to advertising and marketing, partnering with influencers to promote your POD items is an effective way to attain out to the audience. And to evaluate whether or not print on demand is the right possibility for you, watch our video the place we get right into a healthy debate with Wholesale Ted (a print on demand firm).
As a business functioning online, your online presence has a serious affect on the growth and overall success of your small business. It all boils right down to how simply your audience is ready to find your company. Logically, your audience has to pay attention to your model earlier than they can do enterprise along with your brand. That’s where ecommerce web optimization comes in. Performing a simple website positioning audit can tell enterprise homeowners tons of invaluable data. Equivalent to, how visible their online content material is to their audience, and how properly it is performing.
Once you have pinpointed the most effective supply on your sea salt, the startup prices for your business are very low. You may get started with a few buckets and jars, a meals processor, and a way of evaporating the sea water you accumulate. The low prices, nearly unlimited provide of free uncooked materials, and high markup potential imply a sea salt enterprise can be extraordinarily worthwhile.
On this article, let’s check out natural Search Engine Optimisation (SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMISATION) and focus on the advantages of it. Help Google and Bing identify your web site and place you greater in the search engines results. Sophia is a freelance author, editor, and content material strategist. She makes a speciality of digital advertising and B2B content for small businesses and entrepreneurs. When not writing or enhancing, she will be found looking used bookstores and watching the penguins at the San Diego Zoo. | <urn:uuid:bae630e0-f96b-4fce-97b9-e3ef4c35e3e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bedminsterchurches.net/what-is-search-engine-marketing-and-how-it-works-this-is-the-answer.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.938186 | 817 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Remnants of diamond-bearing fluvial gravels of Cretaceous age have been preserved on the Ghaap Plateau north-west of Reivilo at 1455 m above sea level. The alluvial deposit contains well preserved fossil woods representing at least four periods: Post-Permian (Upper Karoo), Early Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous and Tertiary. The Karoo specimen has been derived from Beaufort Group sediments, now eroded from the Ghaap Plateau. More significant are the presence of Early and Late Cretaceous woods, both periods believed to have been wetter in the interior of southern Africa. In addition to the diamonds, other kimberlite derived minerals such as ilmenite and garnet have also been recovered from these gravels. Detailed mineral chemical analyses of the ilmenites and those occurring in primary sources within a radius of 120 km of the Mahura Muthla area indicate that the most likely source are kimberlites occurring to the south-south-east, indicating that the palaeo-channel was flowing from the south-east to the north-west. This is supported by the presence of ironstone and red chert cobbles and pebbles derived from the Proterozoic Kanguru Member outcropping directly south of the channel. Further evidence comes from a palaeo-tributary on Laurika which joined the main Mahura Muthla trunk stream from the south-west; limited pebble imbrications; and a decrease in the sizes of wood, agate and ironstone cobbles and pebbles in a northerly direction associated with an increase of roundness of these clasts. At the start of the Cretaceous the area was covered by sandstones of the Beaufort Group with overlying flood basalts of the Drakensberg Group. First during the Early Cretaceous the Mahura Muthla channel was incising into an easterly retreating palaeo-escarpment of Karoo basalts. Group 2 kimberlites such as Finch, Darleston and Duivelskop, had already intruded these basalts around 120Ma. The north-westerly orientated drainage was directly linked to the drainage basin of the Kalahari River draining the northern part of the northern Cape and southern Botswana via the palaeo-Molopo and lower Orange River. This period of erosion would have released an abundance of agates from the basalts that are so abundantly present in the gravels and also diamonds from these Group 2 kimberlites. On comparing the mineral chemistry of the ilmenites the most likely source for these kimberlitic minerals is the area to the south east of Mahura Muthla. Kimberlites occurring in this area include the Duivelskop Group, X 154, Pienaarspoort, the Bellsbank Group, Bull Hill and Mayeng. At least some of these could have provided diamonds to the gravels. Later during Upper Cretaceous times the Karoo basalts had been removed and the drainage stripped the remaining sediments of the Beaufort Group before the sinuous channel became locked and preserved within the Transvaal dolomites. Subsequently the channel became calcretised during the development of the African Surface in the Early Tertiary. Mahura Muthla remained part of the Kalahari River basin which fed the Molopo River and the lower Orange drainage network and by the Early Tertiary the latter had captured the Vaal and the upper and middle Orange River drainage basin which had been part of the Karoo River drainage for most of the Cretaceous. | <urn:uuid:9eea36ff-c249-4dd4-bec8-af4d8ac6fd30> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gssa/sajg/article-abstract/112/2/89/141294/THE-SIGNIFICANCE-OF-THE-CRETACEOUS-DIAMONDIFEROUS?redirectedFrom=PDF | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.963455 | 768 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Wilson v. City Of Chicago et al
OPINION AND ORDER. For the reasons stated in the accompanying Opinion and Order, the Court grants Defendants' motions to dismiss [21, 23]. The Court dismisses Count II and Count IV without prejudice. The Court allows Wilson to file an amended complaint consistent with this Opinion by November 17, 2017. Signed by the Honorable Sara L. Ellis on 10/18/2017: Mailed notice(rj, )
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
THE CITY OF CHICAGO, a municipal
corporation; OFFICER B.M. COX,
individually and as an agent of
the CITY OF CHICAGO; OFFICER R.R.
PRUGER, individually and as an
agent of the CITY OF CHICAGO;
UNKNOWN CHICAGO POLICE OFFICERS; )
No. 17 C 2525
Judge Sara L. Ellis
OPINION AND ORDER
Plaintiff Steven Wilson alleges that members of the City of Chicago’s (“the City”) Police
Department wrongly beat, arrested, and detained him after he chased vandals in his
neighborhood. He brings a four-count complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 against Defendants
Officer B.M. Cox, Officer R.R. Pruger, and other Unknown Police Officers. Before the Court
are partial motions to dismiss by Officers Cox and Pruger and by the City of Chicago .
Because Wilson alleges Officers Cox and Pruger committed malicious prosecution in violation
of Wilson’s Fourteenth Amendment rights, the Court grants Officers Pruger and Cox’s motion to
dismiss Count IV without prejudice to amending and pleading a Fourth Amendment claim that
conforms with Supreme Court law. And because Wilson fails to allege any policy, custom, or
practice with specificity, the Court grants the City’s motion to dismiss Count II without
The morning of April 7, 2015, Wilson heard a familiar sound near his apartment. At least
five times already, someone had smashed out the windows of his truck. When he heard the
sound of breaking glass again, he ran to his truck to attempt to catch the people who were
vandalizing his vehicle.
Wilson got in his truck and began pursuing the vandals, who fled in a truck of their own.
Wilson called 9-1-1, telling the police about the broken windows and informing them that he was
following the individuals he believed were responsible. The police arrived, setting up a blockade
to stop the vandals’ truck. Wilson pulled up behind the vandals to pin them in. He then got out
of his truck to stop them from running away.
But when Wilson stepped out of his vehicle, Officer Pruger, Officer Cox, and unknown
police officers punched Wilson in the back of his head and tackled him to the ground. They
struck him in the head approximately five or six times despite Wilson pleading with them to stop
attacking him. Unknown police officers informed Wilson that he would be “going down”
because he “swung on an officer.” Doc. 1 ¶ 28. Wilson requested to receive treatment at the
scene but someone told him that if he took a ride in an ambulance, he’d regret it, threatening him
to keep his mouth shut. Officers Pruger and Cox put Wilson in the back of a squad car and
drove him to the police station.
At the police station, Wilson attempted to explain that he was a victim, but someone,
either a police supervisor or captain, cursed at Wilson to be silent. Wilson asked to make a call
The facts in the background section are taken from Wilson’s complaint and are presumed true for the
purpose of resolving Defendants’ motions to dismiss. See Virnich v. Vorwald, 664 F.3d 206, 212 (7th
Cir. 2011); Local 15, Int’l Bhd. of Elec. Workers, AFL-CIO v. Exelon Corp., 495 F.3d 779, 782 (7th Cir.
to get medication that he needed, and unknown police officers told Wilson that they would put
him in a cell with the vandals.
Eventually, Wilson was placed in a cell directly next to the vandals, who began taunting
him. He had a panic attack and urinated on himself. He also realized he was bleeding from his
head. He also witnessed multiple police officers re-writing their reports of the incident while
laughing and ridiculing him.
Wilson was charged with aggravated assault, disregarding a stop sign, going the wrong
way on a one-way street, improper traffic lane usage, reckless driving and driving 15–20 mph
above the speed limit. Those charges were dismissed in September 2016.
A motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6) challenges the sufficiency of the complaint, not
its merits. Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6); Gibson v. City of Chicago, 910 F.2d 1510, 1520 (7th Cir.
1990). In considering a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss, the Court accepts as true all wellpleaded facts in the plaintiff’s complaint and draws all reasonable inferences from those facts in
the plaintiff’s favor. AnchorBank, FSB v. Hofer, 649 F.3d 610, 614 (7th Cir. 2011). To survive
a Rule 12(b)(6) motion, the complaint must not only provide the defendant with fair notice of a
claim’s basis but must also be facially plausible. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678, 129 S. Ct.
1937, 173 L. Ed. 2d 868 (2009); see also Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555, 127 S.
Ct. 1955, 167 L. Ed. 2d 929 (2007). “A claim has facial plausibility when the plaintiff pleads
factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable
for the misconduct alleged.” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678.
The City’s Motion to Dismiss Count II (Monell Claim)
In Count II, Wilson alleges that the City had in effect policies, customs, or practices that
condoned, fostered, and drove the unconstitutional conduct of Officers Pruger and Cox and other
unknown Chicago police officers, pursuant to Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of
New York, 436 U.S. 658, 98 S. Ct. 2018, 56 L. Ed. 2d 611 (1978). The City argues that the Court
should dismiss Count II because it contains nothing more than generic broad statements and does
not lay out any factual allegations supporting a Monell claim.
Liability under Monell may be premised on (1) an express policy that, when enforced,
causes a constitutional violation; (2) a widespread practice that, although not authorized by
written law or express municipal policy, is so permanent and well-settled as to constitute a
custom or usage with the force of law; or (3) a constitutional injury caused by a person with final
policymaking authority. McCormick v. City of Chicago, 230 F.3d 319, 324 (7th Cir. 2000). A
plaintiff cannot rely on simply reciting the elements of Monell liability and must provide some
facts to support his claim. See McCauley v. City of Chicago, 671 F.3d 611, 616 (7th Cir. 2011)
(“McCauley was required to ‘plead[ ] factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable
inference” that the City maintained a policy, custom, or practice of intentional discrimination
against a class of persons to which Mersaides belonged. He did not meet this burden.” (citations
omitted) (alteration in original)).
Wilson alleges that the City’s “failure to train” and “failure to supervise” were the
policies, customs, or practices that led to his injury. But he provides nothing but conclusory
allegations of the existence of these alleged failures to train and supervise. He fails to plead any
facts demonstrating a failure to train or supervise, how a failure to train or supervise created the
circumstances in which the officers were able to violate his civil rights, or that anyone else
suffered from a similar lack of training or supervision. His allegations are too thin to sufficiently
plead a Monell claim. See id. at 618 (finding allegations of “a custom, practice and policy,”
without more, insufficient to state a Monell claim); Mikolon v. City of Chicago, No. 14 C 1852,
2014 WL 7005257, at *4 (N.D. Ill. Dec. 11, 2014) (dismissing similar Monell claim as “only
boilerplate conclusions, not well-pleaded facts”); Armour v. Country Club Hills, No. 11 C 5029,
2014 WL 63850, at *7 (N.D. Ill. Jan. 8, 2014) (dismissing similar Monell claim). The Court
therefore grants the City’s motion to dismiss and dismisses Count II without prejudice.
Officer Cox and Pruger’s Motion to Dismiss Count IV (Malicious Prosecution)
In Count IV, Wilson brings a claim of malicious prosecution under the Fourteenth
Amendment, alleging they falsely charged him and created evidence and false reports that
supported the charges. Officers Cox and Pruger move to dismiss Wilson’s malicious prosecution
claim because he alleges that they violated his Fourteenth Amendment rights instead of Fourth
For years in this circuit, federal malicious prosecution claims in Illinois were typically
improper. See, e.g., Ray v. City of Chicago, 629 F.3d 660, 664 (7th Cir. 2011) (noting federal
malicious prosecution claim could not be brought in Illinois, where state law provided a way to
pursue such a claim). But the Supreme Court held this year that plaintiffs may now plead Fourth
Amendment claims for relief for post-legal-process detention. See Manuel v. City of
Joliet, --- U.S. ----, 137 S. Ct. 911, 919, 197 L. Ed. 2d 312 (2017). Since then, courts have begun
delineating the type of Fourth Amendment claim allowed after Manuel. See Blocker v. City of
Chicago, No. 17 CV 00055, 2017 WL 3278323, at *4 (N.D. Ill. Aug. 2, 2017) (“[A]t a
minimum, I assume that prolonged pretrial detention without probable cause (including a judicial
finding of probable cause based solely on false evidence supplied by police officers), violates the
Fourth Amendment.”); Walker v. White, No. 16 CV 7024, 2017 WL 2653078, at *5 (N.D. Ill.
June 20, 2017) (“Walker pled his claim under malicious prosecution, which is not entirely
consistent with Manuel. Therefore his federal malicious prosecution claim is dismissed, but he
has leave to replead a Fourth Amendment claim consistent with Manuel.”); Jackson v. City of
Peoria, No. 416CV01054SLDJEH, 2017 WL 1224526, at *9 (C.D. Ill. Mar. 31, 2017) (“[A]
plaintiff in the Seventh Circuit can likely allege a Fourth Amendment malicious
prosecution/post-arrest pretrial detention claim if defendant (1) caused (2) a prolonged seizure of
the plaintiff pursuant to legal process unsupported by probable cause, and (3) criminal
proceedings terminated in plaintiff's favor[.]”). Wilson alleges that the individual Defendants
“maliciously prosecut[ed]” Wilson “in violation of his rights under the Fourteenth Amendment”
giving him the right “to be free from malicious prosecution” and the right to “due process of
law.” Doc. 1 ¶ 75. While he states in his opposition that he pleads a prolonged deprivation
through the false reports and charges, that does not match his allegations or his reliance on the
Fourteenth Amendment in his complaint. As pleaded, Wilson’s claim is not the type of claim
allowed by Manuel, so the Court grants Officers Cox and Pruger’s motion to dismiss and
dismisses Count IV without prejudice. Wilson has leave to plead a Fourth Amendment claim in
line with Manuel, which he says he can do.
For the foregoing reasons, the Court grants Defendants’ motions to dismiss [21, 23]. The
Court dismisses Count II and Count IV without prejudice. The Court allows Wilson to file an
amended complaint consistent with this Opinion by November 17, 2017.
Dated: October 18, 2017
SARA L. ELLIS
United States District Judge
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online? | <urn:uuid:2c03fcc9-6e27-4f0b-8581-be142aad7ab5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/illinois/ilndce/1:2017cv02525/338427/37 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.925516 | 3,042 | 1.5625 | 2 |
What Don West fails to realize is the history of Black America. Chronologically;
In the 1600’s slaves were being shipped.
1787 The writers of the United States Constitution decide that slaves will count as three fifths of a person.
1863 Emancipation Proclamation. The Emancipation Proclamation didn’t actually free any slaves because it related only to areas under the control of the Confederacy.
1954 In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS, the Supreme Court rules that separate schools for black and white students is unconstitutional.
1955 Rosa Parks is arrested for refusing to give up her seat in the front of a bus, helping begin the Montgomery Bus Boycotts.
1964 Civil Rights Act guarantees that all people will have equal access to hotels, restaurants, and other public places.
1968 Martin L. King is assassinated.
2003 In Grutter v. Bollinger, the most important affirmative action decision since the 1978 Bakke case, the Supreme Court (5–4) upholds the University of Michigan Law School’s policy, ruling that race can be one of many factors considered by colleges when selecting their students because it furthers “a compelling interest in obtaining the educational benefits that flow from a diverse student body.” (June 23)
2008 Barack Obama, Democrat from Chicago, becomes the first African American to be nominated as a major party nominee for president. On November 4, Barack Obama, becomes the first African American to be elected president of the United States, defeating Republican candidate, Sen. John McCain.
While this history is not included in everyday schooling in America, it is not forgotten by those who have endured Jim Crow and who lived in the time of Martin Luther King and other civil right leaders.
By looking at the timeline, Blacks, Hispanics, Chinese, and Native Americans have not been afforded the same rights as Whites. They were born with those rights no matter what. We had to fight for those rights.
Don West, his daughters and people on the internet who have tried to diminish Rachael Jeantel’s education, looks, and use demeaning comments that are cruel, choose to ignore this history.
We are not that far removed in time of the 60’s. While certain laws may have been passed to level the playing field, that doesn’t mean it is done and enforced. Most of America went kicking and screaming thru the Civil Rights era —- and still are.
While education was taken as a right to whites, it was a privilege for minorities. While voting was a God Given right to our counter parts, it was a fight to get the same privilege.
We have been playing catch up to more then 230 years of adversity in a relative short time span of 53 years. (1960’s to the current year of 2013)
While we may have a bi-racial President, it does not change racism. Bigoted racists only see the color of his skin. It does not change how people feel about minorities.
The case of Florida vs. Zimmerman proves beyond a shadow of a doubt that people still feel hatred. Still spew hateful language. Even still, think a black young teenager had no right to walk in the dark at 7pm in the rain, in a hoodie, along, carrying some snacks and a drink.
This case highlights all that is wrong with the system, laws, attitudes, and the so called rights of gun owners versus human rights and civil rights.
While Mr. West may have tried to make Rachel Jeantel look inferior, he only made himself look like a fool. He is the person with no class.
” To all the sisters who cried for a brother …”
Lyrics from Heavy D & The Boyz “Sister, Sister”
Phone records provide evidence that the numerous actions and words as told by George Zimmerman that caused him to use “self-defense” took place in less than one minute, and that time includes un-holstering his weapon, aiming, and making sure his left-hand was not in the path of the kill shot when he killed unarmed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. Possible? No!
George Zimmerman is not adding in actions to his story. Rather, he is completely making it up; from being approached 40 feet from where Trayvon’s body laid, to forensic evidence that provides Trayvon did not bash Zimmerman’s head in the sidewalk, neither place his hands over Zimmerman’s nose and mouth.
The latest hearing in the State of Florida vs. George Zimmerman was quite the circus to say the least. In my opinion the hearing was not just for O’Mara’s ludicrous sanction motion against the state for getting rip to shreds in Bernie de la Rionda’s response, but to put on a show for the dwindling support group for the Zimmermans.
I say Zimmermans to include the family as well. Their actions speak for themselves.
The hearing was yet another attempt to get at Mr. Crump, Ms. Sabrina Fulton and Witness 8, aka Deedee. This is the misdirection.
Misdirection is a form of deception in which the attention of an audience is focused on one thing in order to distract its attention from another.
Counsel for the defendant keeps failing to realize this is a murder trial with witnesses, forensic evidence, the defendant’s multiple statements, the defendant’s Hannity interview, bullet casing location, GPS data, phone records, text messages and DNA evidence.
Mr. Crump has done everything he can and will do legally in helping his clients Sybrina Fulton and Tracy Martin, for the senseless shooting death of their son Trayvon Martin. Anything garnered by Mr. Crump’s efforts are protected by work product/attorney privilege.
What part of that statement/ruling made by the judge in the black robe do they not understand?
Don West starts off with his ongoing complaint of attorney Crump’s interview of Deedee. If the Sanford Police Department would have done their due diligence in finding her, they could have questioned her themselves. Law enforcement commonly obtains permission from the parents and or through a warrant to access data on phones. This case has been fouled from the very beginning. Many things were done wrongly and some rightly. More often than not the Sanford Police Department is responsible for a lot of the wrongs.
West continues to go on and on about the non-hospital visit of Deedee. It is a non-issue. Big deal! So what! What does that have to do with a man with a record of domestic violence, and anger issues, menacing Trayvon first by car, then on foot, chasing him in the dark, and ultimately killing him with a gun that is registered to his wife, Shellie.
What does Deedee making an excuse, (not a lie of not attending the funeral of a person she was in love with), have to do with the murder case filed by the State of Florida? Most human beings do not like facing the death of a loved one, let alone one that was murdered.
The other thing I noticed from the hearing was both attorneys, Mr. Mark O’Mara and Mr. Don West, used the hearing, not only to attack the State for their hurt feelings from the response by Mr. Bernie de la Rionda, but to also discuss, at length, depositions taken of Ms. Sybrina Fulton and Deedee.
Depositions are never a part of the case record. Not being a part of the case record means there is no requirement to seal or unseal. The court never sees depositions. Depositions are solely for discovery and not intended to address the facts of a case neither legal conclusions. They are maintained by the attorneys. Some depositions are never reduced to transcripts – that is, written out, because attorneys do not find any information in them that has merit in the case. When that happens, if opposing counsel wants a transcript of the deposition, they have to pay for them to be transcribed.
In essence, we the public, do not get to see transcripts of depositions because they are not a part of the case record.
The attorneys for the defendant found a way to talk about the depositions without getting in trouble with the court. For example, would we have known that the letter that was presented from Deedee to Ms. Fulton was not written in her own hand but was dictated by her and written by a friend named Francine? It doesn’t make the letter any less authentic because she did not pen it herself; they were her thoughts written by her friend. She signed the letter. By signing the letter she made it hers. The content of the letter could have not come from her friend, because she was not on the phone with Trayvon. Deedee herself was describing as best she could for Ms. Sybrina Fulton what happened that night. The audacity of the defendant’s attorneys to actually make this woman take a personal letter out of her Bible to prove she had the original goes beyond the limit of human decency.
It goes to show us the only strategy O’Mara and West are using is to keep attacking witness 8, aka Deedee, and Ms. Sybrina Fulton. This will not work. We have viewed the available evidence and data to date and all of it points to the absolute guilt of George Zimmerman.
Quite a few bloggers have painstakingly taken apart evidence, timelines, DNA data, police timelines, videos etc. that can put any experts that O’Mara employs to shame.
By the way we never have known the friend’s name if it weren’t for Mr. West’s big mouth either. This is why the identity of witness 8 is taken with the utmost care by the State. The lengths that some blogs (they know who they are) and the attorneys themselves have gone through to get information about her are enough to scare any person.
Bernie de la Rionda cross-examination of West was outstanding! He got Mr. West to answer when the existence of the letter to Ms. Fulton was discovered. There was no withholding of discovery. Bernie de la Rionda also revealed how long the defense team deposed Ms. Fulton – 7 hours; really, they actually asked her about her employment, and how much money she made in previous years. How relevant is this? The amount of time spent on witness eight and Ms. Fulton borders on witness intimidation.
I also noticed that Bernie didn’t fall for their crap either; he didn’t do a tic for tat by revealing any of the juicy details from his interviews.
The lawyers for the defense were trying, very badly I might add, to deflect from the real issue of the immunity hearing. O’Mara wanted nothing more than to crawl back under the rock he slithered from, than to have that taken right off the table. He had to eat those words previously said at interviews and in court that his client welcomes an immunity hearing. O’Mara said “His client wants to take the stand and plead his case”. When did Mark O’Mara know that he would not proceed with a pre-trial immunity hearing? Please see the video below.
Weren’t those the days, Counselor? (LOL)
As previously stated by Judge Lester, the case against George Zimmerman is strong.
There aren’t many days left till June 10th. We are already in the first week of May. As my good friend Lonnie says, Tick, Tock George, Tick Tock.
In discovery released to the defense, the State entered videos for the Retreat at Twin Lakes where accused murderer, George Zimmerman, killed Trayvon Martin. Many have questioned what the videos show, and some doubters who support Zimmerman say that the videos show nothing. Prosecutors however, apparently believe that the clubhouse videos have value in proving the State’s case against Zimmerman.
The value in the clubhouse videos cannot be understood without first being familiar with Zimmerman’s interview in the police station for the voice stress test, his re-enactment the day after he killed Trayvon; and his interrogations. For a short summary, Zimmerman said that he first saw Trayvon standing by a house, which was later identified as Frank Taaffe’s house. Zimmerman also said that he drove to the clubhouse where he pulled in and called the police non-emergency phone number.
The timing in the videos, and analysis of headlights, compared to Zimmerman’s non-emergency call to the police, tells us his locations. Do they agree with his statements, re-enactments, and answers when interrogated?
One thing that we found very interesting, is that those who analyzed the clubhouse videos also speculate that Zimmerman cut-off Trayvon’s path to Ms. Green’s house, where Trayvon was visiting with his dad. We wrote Why Retreat View Circle, posting it on December 2, 2012.
The following video is a little over 45 minutes. Spending the time watching it is well worth it. Those who prepared the video are invaluable. Our thanks to them.
On Oct. 26, 2012, the State v. George Zimmerman was heard in court on two motions. In layman’s terms, Zimmerman wanted State witnesses not to talk to State Attorneys before O’Mara, his attorney, deposes them. Presiding Judge Nelson said “no’ denying Zimmerman’s motion.
The other motion was filed by the State for a gag order against all attorneys and their staff using the media to promote their positions. Judge Nelson is to rule on that on Monday.
Attorney West for Zimmerman, approached the podium in effort to regurgitate the statement of Witness 8, who is commonly known as “DeeDee” or Trayvon Martin’s girlfriend. Judge West refused to hear the matter re-argued as she entered order regarding the recorded statement last week.
Judge Nelson also set a Case Management calendar.
Originally, we presented videos of the hearing that were recorded by Trent Sawyer, (stateoftheinternet), and posted to his YouTube channel. Since the verdict, Trent has made the videos private and they are no longer available. | <urn:uuid:df1fcf9e-6f3d-4a6e-9cd3-48ccedba506e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blackbutterfly7.wordpress.com/tag/witness-8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.973589 | 2,986 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Never Let Them See You Sweat
EVER WONDER WHAT the talk about performance wear was all about? They are on TV all the time: Poised, professional golfers in loose-fitting polo shirts tucked neatly into khakis. There is never evidence of the unsightly underarm sweat ring or the icky shirt-stuck-to-back-and-belly disease often plaguing the rest of the population. Save for an occasional swipe of the brow, these golfers appear dry and comfortable all the time, even in the 90-degree Floridian sun. It is precisely for those reasons that there is so much talk about performance wear, and why it so important to know what is being said. With all the new technological features now available in golf apparel, the garments literally help wearers maintain their cool in the heat of the game.
It is important to note that not all performance technologies are created equal, so said Dan Guthrie, inside sales manager at Peoria, Arizona-based Antigua Sportswear. “There are a lot of people using the term ‘performance’ as a blanket description without knowing what the specific properties can include,” he noted. For example, Guthrie said an anti-bacterial fabric falls under the category of performance, but it has nothing to do with moisture-wicking. “[Shirts with anti-bacterial treatment] would be ideal for a customer that is wanting the benefits of using a synthetic fabric, but is concerned with the odor problems that are associated with these fabrics,” he explained.
To get distributors up to par on the topic, defining the various performance features found in golf apparel is in order, no pun intended. According to Sean Gregg, director of product development at Antigua, the most common technologies available in shirts include: moisture wicking, UV protection, anti-bacterial and stretch fabrics. For outerwear, the most popular features are water resistant and breathable fabrics, as well as waterproof and seam-sealed technologies.
1. Moisture wicking involves a constructional or chemical treatment to spread the moisture out along the fabric as it’s being absorbed for the purpose of expedient evaporation. It is important to understand that any after-market fabric softeners, such as liquid fabric softeners or dryer sheets, diminish the effects of wicking and therefore should not be used on these garments. The purpose of a softener is to coat the fabric for a soft hand, but in the case of wicking fabrics, this treatment will clog the ‘pores’ of the fabric that are there to affect wicking and not allow the moisture to be absorbed.
2. UV protection involves a constructional or chemical treatment that embellishes a garment’s natural sun protection ability by increasing the protection factor to equal high levels of sunblock.
3. Anti-bacterial involves a constructional or chemical treatment that, by nature of the chemical or yarn used, will kill off live bacteria as it grows, helping to eliminate odor caused by the presence of bacteria. However, since bacteria continues to grow similarly to the rate it is destroyed, at present it is impossible to completely eliminate odor, only control and minimize it.
4. Stretch fabrics—simply adding Lycra or spandex to both knit and woven fabrics to achieve additional give is a benefit to any golfer attempting to obtain full torque for a distance shot.
Water-resistant, waterproof and breathable fabrics, as well as seam-sealed technologies are widely known performance features in outerwear. However, what might not be so pervasive is the fact that “at present, some of the same technologies that are used on golf polo shirts, such as wicking, UV protection and stretch, are also now being incorporated into outerwear [along with outerwear’s] weather resistant properties for enhanced function and value,” explained Gregg.
When it comes to choosing the best performance fabrics for an extended day on the course, synthetic fibers, such as polyester, are without question the best. But, that’s not to say natural fibers, such as cotton, don’t hold their own. “There are still some golf apparel companies that choose cotton over polyester or poly blends for their performance lines,” noted Gregg. However, he cautioned that cotton may not be the best choice for a performance line that caters to golfers. “It is key to have cotton in a mercerized line, but not necessarily in performance because even though cotton can be treated to absorb moisture as quickly as polyester, it is not possible for cotton to dry anywhere near as quickly as synthetics,” he said. “For performance products, drying speed is the crucial part of fabric wicking.”
There is a happy medium between the two. “Some companies will plate their performance fabrics with poly on the inside and cotton on the face, which will still sufficiently allow the moisture to be absorbed rapidly,” explained Gregg. However, when the moisture “is brought to the cotton surface, it will still slow the evaporation experience and also tends to make for a heavier piece of fabric.” So, until technology changes for non-synthetic materials, Gregg said the majority of Antigua’s performance fabrics will remain synthetic.
Gregg said performance fabrics are relatively inexpensive when compared with non-performance ones. “Since performance garments truly perform their advertised functions, it seems to make sense that anyone playing [sports] would benefit from these enhancements,” he said.
No need to convince Major Leage Baseball. In February, the organization announced it will finally doff its traditional wool cap—the first major overhaul since 1954—“in favor of a new polyester blend model designed to wick away sweat before it can stream down a player’s face” (Associated Press, ESPN.com).
As the technology works its way into the mainstream and becomes a staple across the board, one thing becomes clear: performance matters. | <urn:uuid:4305ded5-c5a5-4b66-8ced-9a63831aeb44> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://magazine.promomarketing.com/article/performance-technical-features-golf-apparel-49611/all/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.954766 | 1,264 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Now we have 10 Days to purify refine
to push away evil
and draw good
10 days where detailed changes can be made
providence for this New year
Big cleansing is coming
on Yom Kipor
One must let go of who he is now if he wants to attain a new, higher and more exalted level than before. A greater self cannot be built on a lesser self. The lesser self must first be “disassembled”. There are many places where one sees this universal truth. The “Nesira” is made according to our actions.
In order to turn from back to back to face to face this is by “nesira”. Z”a must receive sufficient light so to enable the “shared” back to double. One for him and one for her. They are separated Sefirah by Sefirah till they are 2 separate parzufim (Z’a and Nakavah). This is the last step of the Nesira. Then they become as “New souls”.The back of Teferet of Z”a is the third leg of the “kesay” (throne). Nesira and growth bring one face to face with Z”a. Standing at right side of Z”a which is first leg of “kisay” called “Rosh Pina”.
In the 10 days of Teshuva is made the “Nesira” (cutting). The “Nesira” from Rosh Hashanah to Yom Kippor reveals Bina , Ima called “upper Teshuva”. This is Yovel. Where the children will return to their borders. By teshuva there returns the power of Hashem. The “nesira” of the penimi is on the first day of Rosh Hashanah, Nashamot are raised up. Nesira of Chitzon is on the second day of Rosh Hashanah, the worlds are raised up, refined, female aspect. Only by “dinim” taken in “nesirah” is Nakavah’completed. The “dinim” are taken from back of Z”a from Ketter till the end. These “dinim” complete Nakavah. Before the nesira Adam included “Zachor and Nakavah” (male and female) as one.
Ima ( Face of GOD that emanates Bina – the Nashama , soul of Divine intellect, cuts the
Klipa (shells of spiritual impurity. Forces of concealment of light) from Z’a. “Nesira” is a,surgical uncoupling made by spiritual surgery. In the Bible “nesira” was the process that sawed apart Adam from Eve, who were originally created as a single androgynous being, who were faced back-to-back. The “nesira” only severs back to back, ineffective bonds with in our souls. This uncoupling actually initiates a higher more rectified recoupling. One where the masculine and feminine aspects of the soul are joined not back to back as before, but face to face. This union of of the masculine and feminine aspects of the soul, occurs in a way similar to that with earthly man and woman, being preceded by a period of arousal and stimulation of what is called “hibuk and nishuk” –– hugging and kissing. By this the souls powers will be more revealed , and can function better. The soul is then able to get more flow of Divine light from the GOD. This “hibuk and nishuk” –– hugging and kissing making the unification is from the “teshuva” (repentance) of these days called the 10 days of teshuva. By the intensity of the “hibuk and nishuk” –– hugging and kissing, the passion of teshuva is the nature of the structuring of the new unification of the masculine and feminine aspects of the soul.
The original “n’sirah” between Adam and Eve took place in ten stages as each stage was a distinct sefira/emanation being separated from its cooresponding feminine aspects. This took place almost instantly in the Garden of Eden. Now takes place over a period of ten days. The ten days of “teshuva” (form Rosh Hashanah till Yom Kipor). Each of the ten days is the division of the Back to back masculine/feminine soul aspects “cut” into separate male and female aspects, and these at the same time are cleansed of klipa (negative energy). The feminine aspect of Keter/Crown is “cut” from the masculine aspect of Keter/Crown, the feminine aspect of Chochma/Widsom from the masculine aspect of Chochma/Wisdom and so on.
In the Bible this process is seen in the creation of Eve where is says God took “tzaila”
(mistranslated as “rib”) it really means a “side” being the feminine side of
Adam. This “side” ran the length of his body from his head/keter to the malchut at his feet. This process of God taking the side from Adam to make Eve is called the “nesira”. In the process
“klippot” (negative energy), “dinim and gevurot”, the Divine unmitigated constricting energies which prevent revelation of Divine flow are sweetened by their root”. The “lower
feminine” (Eve)- The Nefesh (animal soul) is refined by the Imma (source of the Nashama).
After there has grown up the parzuf Nakavah at the back of Z”a. Then falls the ה”א which is the “mochin” (brains) of Abba and Ima to Nakavah, but not through Z”a. Then she is נסרת (cut) from Z”a and there is taken מנצפ”ך back Givurot of Ima. These are sweetened and aspect of ה”א
. Nakavah receives from Givurot of Z”a before the Nesira and she receives another set of givurot after the “nesira”. These מנצפ”ך are received by “tikun chatzot”, as then is fixed all Leah’s limbs. The final n’sirah/division and “re-constructive surgery” to create her reproductive organs
takes place in the malchut, the 10th day which is Yom Kippur. For this reason we wear a large tallit/prayer shawl at night as well as during the day of Yom Kippur. The tallit causes the energy of Ima (the Nahsama- Soul of Divine intellect) to spread her wings around her daughter one’s “nefesh” animal soul which it raises upward joining the Ruach (emotional soul) and the Nefesh (the animal soul) together is a renewed face to face unification.
The ”Nefesh”- malchut/kingdom now refined from the purifications of the 10 days of teshuva is cosmically “sealed” as the now fully developed Divine Female. This is known as the
chotem, the “sealing” that takes place on Yom Kippur and is reflected in the expression we greet
each other with, “G’mar Chatima Tova” – May you have a good “sealing [in the Book of Life]”.
The Holy One reviews what mankind has done every year to see how to restructure the Divine presence in the earth and the Soul of each individual during the 10 days of repentance.
Leave a Comment so far
Leave a comment | <urn:uuid:b0237956-4b2a-4cb6-9c99-b329db7d3d3b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://godssecret.wordpress.com/2009/09/21/do-you-want-to-participate-in-the-restructuring-of-your-soul-and-the-world-or-just-leave-it-to-chance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00501-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94604 | 1,775 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Tin and copper ceilings were first popularized in mid-19th century North America, and are now seeing a renewed interest. Refresh the look of your tin or copper ceiling with a new paint and/or a polyurethane finish. It is important to choose the stripping products that are best at removing paint from tin or copper panels, and to choose paint that will adhere to metal.
Choose your color. An antique silver metallic spray paint is one popular choice for tin, as are antique gold and copper. A glossy black or deep burgundy gives you a satiny finish, whether applied to copper or tin. Measure the square footage of the room to be painted to determine how much paint and/or polyurethane to buy. When you are unsure, give your square footage to your paint dealer so they can advise you. Also ask for the best paint stripper to use for your ceiling.
Cover the walls and furniture with plastic sheeting and the floor with drop cloths before you begin to work. Tape the sheeting to the top of the walls with painter’s tape. Set up your aluminum step ladder, making sure that it is spread wide and locked in place. Wear your protective eyewear and face mask.
Remove old layers of paint by applying paint stripper paste to the ceiling with a plastic putty knife. Cover the paste with peel-away paper made for paint removal. Follow the manufacturer's directions on the stripper container regarding how long to leave the paper on. It may take several hours, particularly when there are several layers of paint to be removed.
Peel the paper off after the recommended time period. Much of the paint will come off with the paper, but there will still be paint stuck in the creases of the ceiling's design. Continue using paint removal products, rubbing the paint off by hand with a cloth if necessary, to get all of it off. You can also try sanding it off with sandpaper. Sanding should be used to remove an old coat of polyurethane.
Treat your now unfinished panels with an oil-based primer first so the second coat of paint can adhere to it properly. When painting tin, use only a metal primer with a rust inhibitor in it, otherwise the panels can corrode over time.
Sandpaper a panel if you spot any rust on it. Don't paint over a rusted section of a tin panel. If it is beyond home or professional repair, it needs to be replaced. There are a number of companies that provide homeowners with new tin ceiling panels. You may well be able to find panels created from the same or a very similar pattern to the one that yours were cast in.
Hold the nozzle of the can or spray gun about 8 inches from the ceiling, making sweeping motions with the can as you go. Apply a thin, even coat. To keep a copper or tin ceiling in its original color, just apply a clear coat of polyurethane to bring out the natural depth and brightness of its color.
Create an aged finish over silver with a rust-proof black enamel spray paint. First apply the antique silver color, holding the nozzle about 8 inches from the ceiling, making sweeping motions for a light and even coat. Let dry for 24 hours. Then lightly mist the panels with the black enamel spray paint, holding the nozzle about 18 inches from the ceiling. Let it dry for 24 hours before adding a clear-coat finish.
Whitewash tin ceiling panels that have not yet been installed by spray painting them with a white oil-based primer. Let this dry for 24 hours or more. Then apply an oil-based spray paint in a light blue, green or yellow. Let this second coat dry for 24 hours as well. Next, apply a white acrylic-based paint, letting this coat dry for another 24-hour period. Other colors can also be used for this process as well.
Begin the whitewash process once these three coats have dried. Dip a cloth in denatured alcohol and rub the tin panels with it until you achieve your desired effect. Change the cloth when it becomes too sticky with paint. Let the ceiling dry for 24 hours. Then apply a coat of polyurethane to seal and finish.
Things You Will Need
- Face mask
- Soft-soled shoes
- Protective eyewear
- Plastic sheeting
- Drop cloths
- Painter’s tape
- Aluminum step ladder
- Absorbent Cloths
- Sandpaper (optional)
- Denatured alcohol (optional)
- Paint spray gun (optional)
- Self-etching bonding primer spray paint for metal (optional)
- Black enamel spray paint for metal (optional)
- Satin, flat or gloss polyurethane (optional)
- Always make sure the room is well-ventilated and that you are wearing protective eye wear and a face mask before you begin stripping old finishes or painting.
- Wear soft-soled shoes with treads on them, when using a ladder.
- Before restoring or finishing your antique tin or copper ceiling, find out if it was originally painted with lead paint, as many 19th-century ceilings were. Contact a professional for advice on restoration and safety or call the Environmental Protection Agency hotline for more information, at 1-800-424-LEAD.
- Ask at your home supply store for a good paint stripper paste that doesn't have harmful chemicals that could compromise your health. The newer ones work better and are far safer to use than those manufactured in the past.
- Don't sandblast a tin or copper ceiling in an attempt to remove old paint -- this only destroys the material.
- Never place items on the top of the step ladder — these can easily fall on someone below.
- Jupiterimages/Polka Dot/Getty Images | <urn:uuid:9f03d2d8-84d5-4d57-84bc-e064dc098c3a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://homeguides.sfgate.com/refinish-copper-tin-ceiling-28157.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00056-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925758 | 1,204 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Vision Therapy for Children
Vision therapy is perhaps one of the most controversial topics in vision care.
Some eye doctors are strong advocates for vision therapy and testify to its benefits especially for certain vision problems of children. But other eye doctors are not convinced of vision therapy's effectiveness and do not recommend it.
This article will help you learn more about vision therapy so you can make an informed decision regarding its potential benefits for your child.
What Is Vision Therapy?
Vision therapy is a doctor-supervised, non-surgical and customized program of visual activities designed to correct certain vision problems and/or improve visual skills.
Unlike eyeglasses and contact lenses, which simply compensate for vision problems, or eye surgery that alters the anatomy of the eye or surrounding muscles, vision therapy aims to "teach" the visual system to correct itself.
Vision therapy is like physical therapy for the visual system, including the eyes and the parts of the brain that control vision.
Vision therapy can include the use of lenses, prisms, filters and computer-assisted visual activities. Other devices, such as balance boards, metronomes and non-computerized visual instruments also can play an important role in a customized vision therapy program.
Recommended For You
It is important to note that vision therapy is not defined by a simple list of tools and techniques. Successful vision therapy outcomes are achieved through a therapeutic process that depends on the active engagement of the prescribing doctor, the vision therapist, the patient and (in the case of children) the child's parents.
Overall, the goal of vision therapy is to treat vision problems that cannot be treated successfully with eyeglasses, contact lenses and/or surgery alone, and help people achieve clear, comfortable binocular vision.
Many studies have shown that vision therapy can correct vision problems that interfere with efficient reading among schoolchildren. It also can help reduce eye strain and other symptoms of computer vision syndrome experienced by many children and adults. See below for more on conditions treated with vision therapy.
Orthoptics and Vision Therapy
Vision therapy is sometimes called visual therapy, vision training, visual training or simply "VT."
Vision therapy can correct vision problems that interfere with efficient reading.
Another name often associated with vision therapy is "orthoptics." This term, which literally means "straightening the eyes," dates back to the 1850s and is limited to techniques for training eye muscles for the purpose of cosmetically straightening eyes that are misaligned due to strabismus.
Orthoptics can be very successful and is one type of vision training, but the term "orthoptics" is not synonymous with "vision therapy," which describes a broader range of techniques used to treat a wider variety of vision problems.
Also, whereas the emphasis in orthoptics is on eye muscles and eye alignment (at least cosmetically), the goal of vision therapy is to optimize the entire visual system, including the eyes and areas of the brain that control vision, visual perception and other vision-related functions. By treating the entire visual system, vision therapy aims to change reflexive (automatic) behaviors to produce a lasting cure.
In many cases of strabismus, vision therapy can be a better treatment choice than surgery. In other cases, it can be a beneficial adjunct therapy before and after surgery to increase the likelihood of a successful outcome.
Optometric Vision Therapy
Most vision therapy performed in the United States is prescribed and monitored by an optometrist. For this reason, it is also called optometric vision therapy.
Optometrists who specialize in vision therapy especially those who also specialize in children's vision and vision development may call themselves pediatric optometrists, behavioral optometrists or developmental optometrists.
The Science Behind Vision Therapy
You've probably heard the old adage, "You can't teach an old dog new tricks." But recent research in the field of neurology suggests that when it comes to the human brain, that's not true. It just may take a little more time and effort.
Vision therapy and sports vision training can improve vision skills needed for sports.
Studies show that the human brain has a significant amount of neuroplasticity the ability to change its structure and function in response to external stimuli. And these neurological changes in the brain, once thought to occur only during early childhood, have been demonstrated to occur in adults as well.
In one study, for example, experienced adult typists who underwent long-term training to improve their keyboarding skills demonstrated increases in gray matter volume in their brains, suggesting that learning affects not only function, but also brain structure.
Recent findings about neuroplasticity appear to confirm what many vision therapy experts have been saying for years: properly devised and administered programs of VT can cause neurological changes that can correct vision problems and improve visual performance.
Some experts say certain anomalies associated with vision development, visual perception or vision function may be affected by neuroplasticity. If this is true, it's likely these same vision problems may be successfully treated with vision therapy.
Problems Vision Therapy Can Correct
Vision problems being treated with vision therapy include:
- Amblyopia. Also called "lazy eye," amblyopia is a vision development problem where an eye fails to attain normal visual acuity, usually due to strabismus or other problems of eye teaming.
- Strabismus. The success of vision therapy for strabismus depends on the direction, magnitude and frequency of the eye turn. VT has been proven effective for treating an intermittent form of strabismus called convergence insufficiency, which is an inability to keep the eyes properly aligned when reading despite good eye alignment when looking at distant objects.
- Other binocular vision problems. Subtle eye alignment problems called phorias that may not produce a visible eye turn but still can cause eye strain and eye fatigue when reading also can be minimized or corrected with vision therapy.
- Eye movement disorders. Studies have shown vision therapy can improve the accuracy of eye movements used during reading and other close-up work.
- Accommodative (focusing) disorders. Other research shows near-far focusing skills can be improved with vision training.
- Other problems. Other vision problems for which vision therapy may be effective include visual-perceptual disorders, vision problems associated with developmental disabilities and vision problems associated with acquired brain injury (such as from a stroke).
What Vision Therapy Isn't
It is important not to mistake vision therapy for self-help vision improvement programs advertised online and on television that promise you can "throw away your glasses" after performing a series of eye exercises.
Such programs are not endorsed by the American Optometric Association or other professional eye care organizations, and there is no scientific research that supports the claim that self-help programs of eye exercises can reverse nearsightedness or other refractive errors.
It's also important to know that a home-based regimen of "pencil push-ups," even when recommended by an eye doctor, should not be considered a complete program of vision therapy.
Pencil push-ups an orthoptic activity in which a person looks at small print on a pencil held at arm's length, and then slowly moves the pencil closer to his or her eyes while maintaining focus on the letters is a task sometimes recommended for people to perform at home to decrease eye strain and other symptoms caused by convergence insufficiency (CI).
But a study published in Archives of Ophthalmology found that a home-based regimen of pencil push-ups was ineffective for CI among children with the condition. The same study found that a 12-week program of supervised, in-office vision therapy plus orthoptics produced a functional cure of convergence insufficiency in over half the age-matched children with CI who received this treatment.
A follow-up study revealed that among 221 children ages 9 to 17 years with symptomatic convergence insufficiency, 73 percent receiving office-based vision therapy combined with home exercises had successful or improved outcomes, compared with 43 percent of those who performed pencil push-up exercises at home.
While a well-intentioned eye doctor may recommend pencil push-ups at home (with or without follow-up visits to monitor progress) as a low-cost treatment for convergence insufficiency, these studies suggest a supervised in-office program of vision therapy plus reinforcement orthoptic exercises performed at home is the most effective non-surgical treatment for this vision problem.
Sports Vision Training
Sports vision training is not vision therapy, but it shares some of the characteristics of VT. Optometrists and ophthalmologists who specialize in sports vision offer customized vision training programs for anyone interested in optimizing their visual skills for specific sports. Many Olympic and professional athletes have undergone sports vision training programs to improve their performance.
Because sports vision training programs typically are designed to enhance a person's visual skills for a specific sport rather than to correct a vision problem, the term "vision training" is preferred over "vision therapy." However, some of the techniques used in sports vision training are similar to those used in vision therapy.
Vision Therapy and Learning Disabilities
The relationship between vision problems and learning disabilities is a hotly debated topic and one about which optometrists and ophthalmologists often have different opinions.
Many optometrists support the use of vision therapy as part of a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of certain types of learning disabilities. They contend that, in many cases, children with learning disabilities also have underlying vision problems that may be contributing in some degree to their learning problems. It's possible, they say, that these learning-related vision problems may be successfully treated with optometric vision therapy, which may improve the child's overall capacity for learning.
Many ophthalmologists, on the other hand, feel vision therapy is ineffective in treating any type of learning problem and say there is no scientific evidence to support the claim that the correction of vision problems reduces the severity of learning disabilities.
The First Steps
If you think your child has a vision problem that may be affecting his or her performance in school or sports, the first step is to schedule a routine eye exam to rule out nearsightedness, farsightedness and/or astigmatism.
Watch this video on what causes blurry distance vision and how we can slow down or prevent the process.
If the basic eye exam suggests that no glasses are needed (or there is no change in your child's current eyeglasses prescription) and each eye has 20/20 visual acuity, be aware that a vision problem still may exist. The eye chart used in routine eye exams tests only a person's distance vision and does not test all critical aspects of visual performance.
For a thorough analysis of your child's vision, including tests that evaluate vision skills needed for efficient reading, consider scheduling a comprehensive eye exam with an optometrist who specializes in binocular vision, vision therapy and/or vision development.
Examinations used to diagnose non-refractive vision problems differ from routine eye exams provided by most optometrists and ophthalmologists. Usually they are longer and include a number of tests of eye teaming, depth perception, focusing, eye movements and visual-motor and/or visual-perceptual skills.
At the end of the exam, the doctor should give you a detailed assessment of your child's vision and visual skills. If vision problems are identified and a program of vision therapy is recommended, be sure to get information about the likely duration of the therapy and success rates for the specific type of vision therapy being recommended. Also, ask what criteria are used to define "successful" treatment.
Finally, request details about the expected cost of the therapy program, and whether any of the costs will be covered by your health insurance or vision insurance policy. In many cases, vision therapy is not a covered benefit in insurance programs.
What is vision therapy? Optometrists Network. www.visiontherapy.org. (Accessed February 2016.)
Neuroplasticity: Teaching an old brain new tricks. Review of Optometry. January 2009.
Randomized clinical trial of treatments for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children. Archives of Ophthalmology. October 2008.
Practice and perfect: length of training and structural brain changes in experienced typists. NeuroReport. July 2007.
A randomized clinical trial of treatments for convergence insufficiency in children. Archives of Ophthalmology. January 2005.
[Page updated February 2016] | <urn:uuid:0ac18681-4692-46ad-8ec7-2531ce8a5c8e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.allaboutvision.com/parents/vision_therapy.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00017-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938245 | 2,560 | 2.953125 | 3 |
DRAM chips are large, rectangular arrays of memory cells with support logic that is used for reading and writing data in the arrays, and refresh circuitry to maintain the integrity of stored data. Memory arrays are arranged in rows and columns of memory cells called wordlines and bitlines, respectively. Each memory cell has a unique location or address defined by the intersection of a row and a column.
DRAM is manufactured using a similar process to how processors are: a silicon substrate is etched with the patterns that make the transistors and capacitors (and support structures) that comprise each bit. It costs much less than a processor because it is a series of simple, repeated structures, so there isn’t the complexity of making a single chip with several million individually-located transistors and DRAM is cheaper than SRAM and uses half as many transistors. Over the years, several different structures have been used to create the memory cells on a chip, and in today’s technologies the support circuitry generally includes:
- sense amplifiers to amplify the signal or charge detected on a memory cell
- address logic to select rows and columns
- Row Address Select (RAS) and Column Address Select (CAS) logic to latch and resolve the row and column addresses and to initiate and terminate read and write operations
- read and write circuitry to store information in the memory’s cells or read that which is stored there
- internal counters or registers to keep track of the refresh sequence, or to initiate refresh cycles as needed
- Output Enable logic to prevent data from appearing at the outputs unless specifically desired.
A transistor is effectively a switch which can control the flow of current – either on, or off. In DRAM, each transistor holds a single bit: if the transistor is open, and the current can flow, that’s a 1; if it’s closed, it’s a 0. A capacitor is used to hold the charge, but it soon escapes, losing the data. To overcome this problem, other circuitry refreshes the memory, reading the value before it disappears completely, and writing back a pristine version. This refreshing action is why the memory is called dynamic. The refresh speed is expressed in nanoseconds (ns) and it is this figure that represents the speed of the RAM. Most Pentium-based PCs use 60 or 70ns RAM.
The process of refreshing actually interrupts/slows down the accessing of the data but clever cache design minimises this. However, as processor speeds passed the 200MHz mark, no amount of cacheing could compensate for the inherent slowness of DRAM and other, faster memory technologies have largely superseded it.
DRAM Timing and Signals
The most difficult aspect of working with DRAM devices is resolving the timing requirements. DRAMs are generally asynchronous, responding to input signals whenever they occur. As long as the signals are applied in the proper sequence, with signal durations and delays between signals that meet the specified limits, the DRAM will work properly. These are few in number, comprising:
- Row Address Select: The /RAS circuitry is used to latch the row address and to initiate the memory cycle. It is required at the beginning of every operation. /RAS is active low; that is, to enable /RAS, a transition from a high voltage to a low voltage level is required. The voltage must remain low until /RAS is no longer needed. During a complete memory cycle, there is a minimum amount of time that /RAS must be active, and a minimum amount of time that /RAS must be inactive, called the /RAS precharge time. /RAS may also be used to trigger a refresh cycle (/RAS Only Refresh, or ROR).
- Column Address Select: /CAS is used to latch the column address and to initiate the read or write operation. /CAS may also be used to trigger a /CAS before /RAS refresh cycle. This refresh cycle requires /CAS to be active prior to /RAS and to remain active for a specified time. It is active low. The memory specification lists the minimum amount of time /CAS must remain active to initiate a read or write operation. For most memory operations, there is also a minimum amount of time that /CAS must be inactive, called the /CAS precharge time. (An ROR cycle does not require /CAS to be active.)
- Address: The addresses are used to select a memory location on the chip. The address pins on a memory device are used for both row and column address selection (multiplexing). The number of addresses depends on the memory’s size and organisation. The voltage level present at each address at the time that /RAS or /CAS goes active determines the row or column address, respectively, that is selected. To ensure that the row or column address selected is the one that was intended, set up and hold times with respect to the /RAS and /CAS transitions to a low level are specified in the DRAM timing specification.
- Write Enable: The /WE signal is used to choose a read operation or a write operation. A low voltage level signifies that a write operation is desired; a high voltage level is used to choose a read operation. The operation to be performed is usually determined by the voltage level on /WE when /CAS goes low (Delayed Write is an exception). To ensure that the correct operation is selected, set up and hold times with respect to /CAS are specified in the DRAM timing specification.
- Output Enable: During a read operation, this control signal is used to prevent data from appearing at the output until needed. When /OE is low, data appears at the data outputs as soon as it is available. /OE is ignored during a write operation. In many applications, the /OE pin is grounded and is not used to control the DRAM timing.
- Data In or Out: The DQ pins (also called Input/Output pins or I/Os) on the memory device are used for input and output. During a write operation, a voltage (high=1, low=0) is applied to the DQ. This voltage is translated into the appropriate signal and stored in the selected memory cell. During a read operation, data read from the selected memory cell appears at the DQ once access is complete and the output is enabled (/OE low). At most other times, the DQs are in a high impedance state; they do not source or sink any current, and do not present a signal to the system. This also prevents DQ contention when two or more devices share the data bus.
- What is Level 1 (L1) Cache Memory?
- What is L2 (Level 2) cache memory?
- RAM or Main Memory – PC / computer memory (DIMM, DRAM, SDRAM)
- DRAM – Dynamic Random Access Memory
- FPM DRAM
- EDO (Extended Data Out) and BEDO (Burst Extended Data Out) DRAM
- PC133 SDRAM
- DDR SDRAM explained
- DDR2 DRAM
- Dual Channel DDR Memory
- 1T SRAM
- Direct DRAM
- DIMM Memory
- RIMMs Memory
- Memory Presence Detection
- Parity Memory
- ECC Memory
- Memory Upgrades
- The Evolution of Memory
- Flash Memory
- Magnetic RAM | <urn:uuid:caac83cc-6e03-4d97-a886-85aeffb727c0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.pctechguide.com/computer-memory/dram-dynamic-random-access-memory | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00419-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918681 | 1,552 | 4.21875 | 4 |
Injury-free sport and recreation
We believe in the benefits of physical activity and if you do have an injury, we want you to recover well, avoid re-injury and get back to what you enjoy doing.
On this page
We believe in the health and wellbeing benefits of physical activity. If you do have an injury, we want you to recover well, avoid re-injury and get back to what you enjoy doing.
Each year we receive on average 448,000 sport related claims. This is an overall cost of over $570M.
The most common sport related injuries are:
- lumbar (back) sprain
- ankle sprain
- sprain of the knee and/or leg
- neck sprain
- sprain of shoulder and/or upper arm.
Keeping you injury-free
From competitive athletes to weekend warriors, ACC SportSmart is there to help everyone get the most out of their game and stay injury free.
Developed by an expert panel of academics, clinicians and sports administrators, ACC SportSmart is an injury prevention framework. It’s based on nine key principles to help you perform well and maintain your active lifestyle.
Delivering on injury-free sport
We partner with national sporting organisations including NZ Rugby, Netball NZ, NZ Football, Touch NZ and NZ Rugby League to deliver sport-specific versions of ACC SportSmart. Through these partnerships, we educate players, coaches, and referees about how to prepare well and perform at their best.
ACC sports injury prevention also work in areas such as cycle safety and water safety. by supporting Waka Kotahi NZTA) on BikeReady, and water safety partnering with Water Safety NZ on Water Skills for Life.
We encourage everyone to apply the SportSmart principles to their individual pursuits, to ensure they get the most from their sport and stay injury-free.
Kids in sport
In 2019, the Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians (ACSEP) released a position statement around early specialisation in sport.
Early specialisation is a concept related to children, which is defined as an intense and specific focus on one sport at the exclusion of others.
What is their guidance which is endorsed by ACC?
- Getting that balance of activity right can be as simple as ensuring the amount of organised sport (training and competition) per week doesn’t exceed the young person’s age. For example, a 10-year-old should avoid doing more than 10 hours of organised sport (training or competition) per week across all their sports and PE.
- They recommend that kids should not specialise in a single sport until at least the age of 12.
- However, general play and physical activity outside sport should be viewed as separate to this, and actively encouraged.
- There should be a 2:1 ration of play to structured sport.
Community event partnerships
As well as delivering through national partnerships, we partner with several events such as IronMāori and the Maori Sports Awards, which provide a positive channel to connect and engage with the people of Aoteoroa about injury prevention. | <urn:uuid:85c3dbe6-64b8-4893-82fe-dcc25dd47ffc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.acc.co.nz/preventing-injury/sport-recreation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.957672 | 644 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Owen Hatherley quotes Betjeman’s gasp of appreciation for Denys Lasdun’s National Theatre: ‘It is a lovely work, and so good outside, which is what matters most’ (LRB, 17 November). Today few dislike the outside, or the public areas within, but many are unhappy with the main theatre spaces, the Olivier and the Lyttelton.
There have been more than eight hundred productions in the first forty years of the National. There has been much great epic theatre in these great epic spaces. But directors and actors also carry the scars of trying to raise laughs or humanise characters in productions of the rest of the repertoire in these huge auditoriums. The Olivier has 11 cubic metres per person, three times the norm for a playhouse; it is bigger than the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane which holds twice as many people. All actors now wear microphones for plays as well as for musicals. Lasdun had no acoustician on his team when he conceived the Olivier, believing that if you cut a 90° wedge from Epidaurus and added a roof, the gods would deliver the acoustics. The Lyttelton has perfect sightlines to a stage the width of Covent Garden’s. All good theatres have some seats with bad sightlines, and all theatres with perfect sightlines are lecture theatres, cinemas or the Lyttelton. Both the Olivier and the Lyttelton are for spectators rather than hearers. Neither has been emulated elsewhere.
I was lucky 43 years ago when, for Peter Hall and his associates, I conceived what was to become the Cottesloe, latterly the Dorfman, without any help from Lasdun. Into his huge abandoned void, originally intended for a studio holding two hundred, I packed an audience of twice that number on three levels. The steel galleries on the three sides were designed as a framework for freedom. Pragmatic rather than purist.
The insides of theatres have been evolving for centuries. Sometimes a form has stuck. At the start of the 19th century there were three hundred broadly similar courtyard playhouses scattered throughout the British Isles. A hundred years later the Victorian/Edwardian picture-frame proscenium theatres were universal and some still please: the RSC were happy at the Aldwych for more than twenty years, ditto the National Theatre Company for 13 at the Old Vic.
Only in the Brutalist decades did an architect cocoon in concrete his own entirely new theatre forms. Old theatre spaces constructed of brick, of lath and plaster, even of steel, can be successively remoulded. At the National directors have had to abandon any hope of shifting that most monumental of building materials, concrete, to make these spaces serve the arts of the theatre.
Brutalist architects have provided great spaces for living, for studying and for looking at paintings. But when theatre and architecture collided on the South Bank the architect thought he knew best. A central tenet of modern brutalist architecture, that the entire building must be a consistent work of art, does not hold when what happens in it is ephemeral, reflecting shifting aesthetic and social contexts. Some theatre forms survive the age of their creation but some do not. It is the inside, not the outside, that matters most.
Tom Shippey says that ‘in Chaucer’s late medieval milieu at least – educated, metropolitan, sceptical – belief in fairies was a thing of the past’ (LRB, 1 December). But among miners, working underground with candles to light the darkness, such beliefs lasted longer. Georgius Agricola wrote De Re Metallica about metal mining in the 1550s, and was educated and sceptical (he carefully examined dowsers’ claims to be able to find ore, and dismissed them), but he completely accepted miners’ accounts of supernatural beings in the mines. ‘There are demons of ferocious aspect,’ he wrote, that could be
expelled by prayer and fasting … Then there are the gentle kind which the Germans as well as the Greeks call cobalos, because they mimic men. They appear to laugh with glee and pretend to do much, but really do nothing … They are not very dissimilar to Goblins, which occasionally appear to men when they go to or from their day’s work, or when they attend their cattle. Because they generally appear benign to men, the Germans call them guteli. Those called trulli, which take the form of women as well as men, actually enter the service of some people, especially the Suions.
The translators, Herbert Hoover (later US president) and his wife Lou, added that ‘even today the faith in “knockers" has not entirely disappeared from Cornwall.’
David Bradford speaks of the ‘myth’ that lactate build-up is the cause of fatigue and pain during sustained high-intensity exercise (Letters, 3 November). True, there is disagreement among researchers about how exactly to define the point beyond which the presence of lactates in the muscles rapidly increases and athletic performance precipitately declines, and to what degree at any given moment this is more an anaerobic than an aerobic process. But anyone who has done interval training knows that this ‘threshold’ – whatever name one gives it, and however difficult it may be to ascertain theoretically or empirically – is a physiological reality. Back in the 1980s, my running mates used to call the extreme end of it the moment when ‘the bear jumped on your back.’
Emil Zátopek popularised training methods that condition an athlete’s body to hold off the bear for as long as possible. Elite middle and long-distance running times improved dramatically in the decades following. For instance, 26 years ago I ran my best ever 10 km time, a performance that would have won me a gold medal in the 1948 Olympics; in 1990 it won me fourth place in a Quebec provincial championship race.
Paul Keegan refers to Housman’s ‘unaccountable fall at the last Oxford fence’ (LRB, 17 November). It would be unaccountable if a person of Housman’s ability and knowledge had actually tried to answer the questions but failed even to get a pass. So it would seem that he did not try. And Tom Stoppard reckons he didn’t try because he could see that he wouldn’t get a First (having much neglected his preparation) and would not have it supposed that he had exerted himself without achieving excellence. There is a parallel much later in his career. He had long intended an edition of Propertius which should be definitive, but when he found that his skirmishes with John Percival Postgate did not leave him acknowledged master of the field, he gave up Propertius in favour of Manilius – a fourth-rate poet, but Housman was again saved from being seen to try without coming first. He didn’t fall, he just stopped running if he wasn’t sure of winning.
Mikkel Borch-Jacobsen writes that the ‘first systematic treatise devoted to the topic’ of suicide appeared in 1637, John Sym’s Lifes Preservative against Self-Killing (LRB, 17 November). It’s true that Sym’s was the first to be printed, but the first to be written was John Donne’s Biathanatos (1608), which, against Donne’s explicit instructions, was published by his son after his death.
Neal Ascherson may recall, as Australians do, that the UK more or less dumped Australia in favour of Europe as a trading partner, so he’s quite right in thinking that we are unlikely to embrace you again (LRB, 17 November).
Lindfield, New South Wales
Christian Lorentzen sneers at Donald Trump for not reading whole books, quoting a remark he made in an interview: ‘I read chapters’ (LRB, 1 December). Should Trump wish to defend himself, he might very reasonably point out that (in this respect, at least) he follows the practice of Samuel Johnson. In Boswell’s Life of Johnson we read:
Mr Elphinston talked of a new book that was much admired, and asked Dr Johnson if he had read it. JOHNSON: ‘I have looked into it.’ ‘What,’ said Elphinston, ‘have you not read it through?’ Johnson, offended at being thus pressed, and so obliged to own his cursory mode of reading, answered tartly: ‘No, Sir, do you read books through?’
Jesus College, Cambridge
Sheila Fitzpatrick’s memories of Igor Sats and Andrei Platonov reflect, among other things, the state of mind of many young Westerners in the years before 1968 (LRB, 1 December). This was a time of political romanticism, of dreams of revolution, but it was also marked by a great deal of ignorance and by a taboo on discussion of one of the most terrible aspects of Soviet history: the destruction of the peasantry in Ukraine as well as in other southern parts of the Soviet Union, between 1929 and 1933.
I too, as it happens, was ‘adopted’ by Igor Sats, but a little later than Fitzpatrick; I was awarded a French government scholarship to study in Moscow during the year 1970-71. I too regularly visited him in his apartment in the Arbat. Muscovite intellectuals – disillusioned and ashamed after the Red Army’s invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 – had, by then, lost their last hopes of change for the better. The Sats I knew was a wounded man, full of guilt and remorse, though still able to talk with pride about his years with Lunacharsky.
I was well prepared to hear Sats’s accounts of the 1920s and 1930s, since I had already completed a dissertation on Platonov and his Dantesque novel The Foundation Pit, the Russian text of which had just been published in the West. Together we read through it, page by page. He explained the social and political context, speaking openly about the scenes of violence and veiled cruelty that Platonov evokes so precisely. He sighed deeply as he recounted moments from his own past as a young ‘activist’ who had played his part in the brutalities of forced collectivisation. ‘When I think about the things I did then …’ he said as we read the scene when Platonov’s activist deports – or ‘liquidates’ – the villagers by putting them all on a raft and sending them off downriver.
Sats was an excellent secretary, a gifted autodidact and an important witness to his time. But Fitzpatrick’s memories of him are tinted with nostalgia; my own image is of a more dramatic figure, a man who, like so many of his contemporaries, was led astray by a mixture of generosity and revolutionary enthusiasm to the point of becoming complicit in terrible crimes. Platonov – more than any other writer – found the words to embody this ambivalence.
During my time in Moscow I also became acquainted with people who had known Platonov’s close friend Vasily Grossman, who in 1942 arranged Platonov’s appointment as a war correspondent for Red Star, thus rescuing him from poverty and disgrace.
University of Paris 8
Neal Ascherson’s gloomy article about Brexit rather made me wish that Colin Kidd’s excellent review of Citizen Clem in the same issue had included Attlee’s remark to Baldwin to the effect that the intelligentsia could be trusted to take the wrong view on any subject (LRB, 17 November). The de haut en bas attitude of so many Remainers is driving many people to Brexit from sheer irritation.
For highlights from the latest issue, our archive and the blog, as well as news, events and exclusive promotions. | <urn:uuid:00b05b9c-c694-4fd1-b903-01e816b4062a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v38/n24/letters#173611 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.973457 | 2,612 | 1.6875 | 2 |
If you have an Android, keep an eye out for updates from your vendor or carrier – there are some critical security patches out.
Google has fixed 12 vulnerabilities affecting Android versions 4.4.4 through 6.0.1, including five rated as “critical” – the designation for the worst kind of security bug.
The most serious vulnerability in this batch is a remote code execution (RCE) bug, designated CVE-2015-6636, in Android’s mediaserver component.
Mediaserver is often used to render remotely-supplied multimedia content, so Google is warning that an attacker could exploit the bug to run malware hidden in booby-trapped media files delivered via multiple methods, including email, web browsing and MMS.
Mediaserver is a “core part of the operating system,” with access to video and audio streams as well having run-time privileges that third-party apps don’t.
If this sounds familiar, that’s likely because Google has now patched 30 vulnerabilities in mediaserver since monthly Android security updates began in August 2015, according to InfoWorld’s Fahmida Y. Rashid.
This mediaserver bug is also similar to the major vulnerability known as “Stagefright” that affected up to 95% of Android devices, which could have allowed crooks to implant malware in a similar way.
Fortunately, to mitigate the bug, Google has made changes to the default Android messaging apps, Google Hangouts and Messenger, so that they “[no longer] automatically pass media to processes such as mediaserver.”
Google said it made the security update available to partners on 7 December 2015 “or earlier.”
Google and Samsung have been quicker at getting security fixes out since Stagefright, but unfortunately, carriers haven’t pushed out updates for every type of Android device affected by this latest set of vulnerabilities.
Sprint and Verizon have updated their Nexus 5 and 6 devices, according to Softpedia, which also reports that other Android devices are expected to get the updates soon, including BlackBerry PRIV, Samsung Galaxy S6, Galaxy Note 5 and “some Motorola and HTC smartphones.”
When you see a notification that the update is ready on your device, you should accept it and upgrade to the latest version of Android “wherever possible,” Google recommends.
Until you can apply the security update, be very cautious about downloading or playing media files.
Don’t accept media messages from unknown senders, and make sure the setting to Automatically retrieve MMS messages in both Hangouts and Messenger is turned off.
💡 Make your Android safe against unwanted MMSes ►
💡 Improve security and privacy on your phone ► | <urn:uuid:1bf5f9d5-6ab1-44c4-abfb-6ee15efa2229> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2016/01/05/google-fixes-another-stagefright-type-bug-in-android-mediaserver/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+nakedsecurity+%28Naked+Security+-+Sophos%29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717963.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00374-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922226 | 578 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Understanding Why Autistic People May Reject Social Touch (TIME)
One of the hardest challenges for families facing autism is the problem of touch. Often, autistic children resist hugging and other types of physical contact, causing distress all around. Read more.
Assault case focuses on autism, enforcement (The Detroit News)
Felony charges against an autistic Jackson County teen accused of cutting two sheriff's deputies with a nail file have struck a chord with autism advocates in Michigan. Read more.
Living With Autism: You Are Not Alone (Huffington Post)
I am haunted by the headline: Mother killed 22-year-old autistic son, then herself. Read more.
Birthday raises autism awareness (Montgomery Advertiser)
As Forest Avenue Academic Magnet School fifth-grader Nyla Anna Nicole D’Jenel Harris made plans to celebrate her 11th birthday, the young girl who is known for being “wonderful and giving” knew months ago that she wanted to shine the spotlight on others.Read more.
Siblings and Autism (Technorati)
On Thursday, March 15th (the Ides of March) our school district held another seminar on autism. The topic this week dealt with the siblings of a child with autism, and how they deal with their situation. With more children being diagnosed with autism, and many within a family where several children are neuro-typical, it’s raised some questions on how these children feel about their sibling with autism taking more time and attention from their parents. Read more. | <urn:uuid:dce8fec0-da38-40ae-a4d7-3fdf720e07f0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.autismspeaks.org/blog/2012/03/20/autism-news-032012 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00522-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956773 | 320 | 2.09375 | 2 |
5 edition of Methodology in computer graphics found in the catalog.
by North-Holland Pub. Co., sole distributors for the U.S.A. and Canada, Elsevier North-Holland in Amsterdam, New York, New York
Written in English
Includes bibliographical references.
|Statement||edited by Richard A. Guedj and Hugh A. Tucker ; organized by IFIP Working Group 5.2, CAD, International Federation for Information Processing.|
|Contributions||Guedj, Richard A., Tucker, Hugh A., International Federation for Information Processing. Working Group 5.2--Computer-aided Design.|
|LC Classifications||T385 .I2 1976|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||xii, 206 p. :|
|Number of Pages||206|
|LC Control Number||79009117|
Computer graphics image is made up of number of pixels. Pixel is the smallest addressable graphical unit represented on the computer screen. Introduction Computer is information processing machine. User needs to communicate with computer and the computer graphics is one of the most effective and commonly used ways of communication with the. Great Book on Computer Graphics. flag Like see review. Shrayank rated it it was amazing Shubhi rated it really liked it Siddesh rated it liked it Subhajit Das rated it liked it Shubham Trivedi rated it /5(1).
Numerical Algorithms: Methods for Computer Vision, Machine Learning, and Graphics by Justin Solomon. Publisher: CRC Press ISBN/ASIN: Number of pages: Description: This book presents a new approach to numerical analysis for modern computer scientists. Thanks for sharing here this computer graphics ebook. It check this book here that provide such a good information of each subject in easy language so we can easily understand all subjects. It is really very useful book for all the people who want to learn computer graphics.
The book is aimed at those individuals who seek such understanding. Just learning a few formulas is not good enough. I have always appre-ciated books that tried to provide motivation for the material they were covering and have been especially frustrated by computer graphics books that throw the reader some formulas without explaining them. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Numerical Methods for Computer Vison, Learning, and Graphics by Justin Solomon (, Hardcover) at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products!
Born to hunger
ancient Cornish drama
Protest your loyalty
Application for designation of the bayside mall - Dorchester commercial area revitalization district.
You know me Anty Nelly?
message of evangelism
The American department store, 1920-1960.
An official players guide to Sonic the Hedgehog
1,296 ACT practice questions
Batman Paint n Marker Book
U.S. operating experience with thermally treated Alloy 600 steam generator tubes
Introduction to Computer Graphics is a free, on-line textbook covering the fundamentals of computer graphics and computer graphics programming. This book is meant for use as a textbook in a one-semester course that would typically be taken by undergraduate computer science majors in their third or fourth year of : David J.
Eck. Book Description. Numerical Algorithms: Methods for Computer Vision, Machine Learning, and Graphics presents a new approach to numerical analysis for modern computer scientists. Using examples from a broad base of computational tasks, including data processing, computational photography, and animation, the textbook introduces numerical modeling and algorithmic design from.
Some Methodological Remarks for the IFIP W.G. Workshop on Methodology Methodology in computer graphics book Computer Graphics 1. Introduction. The need for some standardization in computer graphics is felt by most of the people involved, designers, implementers, users of different sorts, and by institutions.
There are several advantages in favor of standardization. Description of a Book. Reflecting the rapid expansion of the use of computer graphics and of C as a programming language of choice for implementation, this new version of the best-selling Hearn and Baker text converts all programming code into the C language.
Numerical Algorithms: Methods for Computer Vision, Machine Learning, and Graphics 1st Edition Pdf is written by Justin Solomon that you can download for book covers an impressive variety of subjects, most of which can be paired using a real-world program.
Computer Graphics Notes Pdf. Computer Graphics: Computer graphics is concerned with producing images and animations (or sequences of images) using a computer. This Methodology in computer graphics book the hardware and software systems used to make these images.
The task of producing photo-realistic images is an extremely complex one, but this is a field that is in great demand because of the nearly limitless. The book is designed for final-year undergraduate or first-year graduate students, who are already familiar with the basic concepts in computer graphics and programming.
It aims to provide a good foundation of advanced methods such as skeletal animation, quaternions, mesh Brand: Springer-Verlag London. Michael Abrash's Graphics Programming Black Book is a collection of the author's previous books on assembly language and graphics programming, as well as past columns for Dr.
Dobb's magazine. Though much of the book (such as // assembly language optimization and VGA graphics programming) is out-of-date by now, the reader can see some of the larger tendencies Reviews: This volume presents a selection of research papers submitted to the conference "Modeling in Computer Graphics: Methods and Applications" held at the Research Area of the National Research Council in Genoa, Italy, on June 28 -July 1, This meeting was the ideal continuation of a previous conference organized in Tokyo, Japan, in April Computer Graphics by Seoul National University.
The goal of this note is to provides an Introduction to the theory of computer graphics. Topics covered includes: Scan conversion and clipping, Windows Programming and Sampling, 2D and 3D Geometric transformation, 2D viewing, DirectX: Creating a device and rendering vertices, Modeling and 3D Viewing, Hidden surface removal Hidden surface.
Advanced Methods in Computer Graphics provides an in-depth analysis of a selection of topics that are important in the areas of character animation and game development. The discussion of a wide range of algorithms and their implementation aspects presented in the book will serve as a useful reference for researchers and practitioners in computer graphics.5/5(1).
Until relatively recently, researchers in computer graphics paid scant attention to the numerics of their computations. Computation was used as a simple tool to evaluate algorithms or transform data into some appropriate pictoral representation.
Thus standard computer graphics texts have little to say about numerical methods, just as earlier numerical analysis textbooks had little to say about.
Computer Graphics 6 Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures on computer screens with the help of programming. It involves computations, creation, and manipulation of data.
In other words, we can say that computer graphics is a rendering tool for the generation and manipulation of. The book is designed for final-year undergraduate or first-year graduate students, who are already familiar with the basic concepts in computer graphics and programming.
It aims to provide a good foundation of advanced methods such as skeletal animation, quaternions, mesh. This is a list of graphical methods with a mathematical basis. Included are diagram techniques, chart techniques, plot techniques, and other forms of visualization.
There is also a list of computer graphics and descriptive geometry topics. Introduction: Elements of graphics workstation. Video Display Devices. Raster Scan Systems. Random Scan systems. Input devices. Graphics Software Coordinate Representations, Fundamental Problems in Geometry.
Algorithms: Line drawing algorithms- DDA Algorithm. Bresenham‟s Line Algorithm. Frame buffers. Circle and Eclipse generating algorithms. ACD → Literature → Books → Methodology in Computer Graphics. Jump Over Left Menu. MCG Contents Foreword Preface Prologue Acknowledgements Participants 1 Introduction A Guedj B Hopgood C Crestin D Warman E Sabin F Encarnacao G Dunn H Bono I Newell J Foley K Foley L Sancha M Sancha N Sancha 2 Introduction Current Position Graphics Primitives.
development for computer graphics. Olin holds a Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Olin has also worked at Hewlett-Packard, Raster Technologies, and Apollo Computer, where he specialized in graphics hardware design. Olin is the author of the introductory book The Way Computer Graphics Works.
Computer Graphics by Hearn and Baker: Tags - Amity University Notes, Amity Notes, Computer Graphics Notes, CSE, Books for Computer Science Engineering, Notes for Amity University, Download, View, pdf file, ppt, Aminotes - Notes, Previous Year Question Papers, Practical File.
By combining current concepts and practical apllications in computer graphics, four well-known authors provide here the most comprehensive, authoritative, and up-to-date coverage of the field. The important algorithms in 2D and 3D graphics are detailed for easy implementation, including a close look at the more subtle special cases.
There is also a thorough presentation of the mathematical 4/5(25). This course is the largest of the introductory programming courses and is one of the largest courses at Stanford.
Topics focus on the introduction to the engineering of computer applications emphasizing modern software engineering principles: object-oriented design, decomposition, encapsulation, abstraction, and testing. Programming Methodology teaches the widely-used Java programming .Computer graphics is a sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content.
Although the term often refers to the study of three-dimensional computer graphics, it also encompasses two-dimensional graphics and image processing.Numerical Algorithms: Methods for Computer Vision, Machine Learning, and Graphics presents a new approach to numerical analysis for modern computer scientists.
Using examples from a broad base of computational tasks, including data processing, computational photography, and animation, the textbook introduces numerical modeling and algorithmic design from a practical standpoint and provides. | <urn:uuid:baa17734-69e4-4c01-b0c6-e91216c95ced> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lavegejigevycymi.scrapbookingnadiastpierre.com/methodology-in-computer-graphics-book-4442yq.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.891637 | 2,152 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Basements are natural attractions for water due to their location and the fact that water follows the path of least resistance,
Cleveland OH (PRWEB) July 19, 2012
Restoration Local, one of the leading providers of water damage restoration service in the country, is offering property owners suggestions on how to prevent or at least reduce the threat of basement flooding in homes or businesses.
Basements are natural attractions for water due to their location and the fact that water follows the path of least resistance, which means it accumulates in the lowest lying area of any structure. The following steps may be taken to cut down on the likelihood of basement flooding or other types of water damage.
Gutters and downspouts should direct water out and away from the home. Improperly installed gutter systems may inadvertently channel water towards the home and into the basement.
Correct additions will need to be installed to the gutter system to ensure proper and correct water flow. Gutters should be thoroughly cleaned every year.
Yards should be checked following thunderstorms or severe rainfalls to see if and where water may be pooling up. This is a sign of improper landscaping which can direct water into the basement. In some cases, significant landscaping alterations may need to be performed.
Emergency power sources should be installed in order to allow for continuous power supply in the event the basement is flooded and threatens fuses or electrical boxes. Emergency generators are excellent tools for this purpose.
Install a sump pump or sump pit setup. These units are designed to catch any flood waters and channel them out of the home before they have the chance to back up and become a problem. Sump pumps may require backup units just in case the primary unit malfunctions or is overrun.
Make sure that any and all drains located around the exterior of the basement are free and clear of obstructions. One of the most common causes of basement flooding is backed up drainage systems.
Based in Cleveland OH, Restoration Local is one of the leading providers of water damage restoration in the country, with service in 30 states and more being added every month. They are available 24/7 and all work is guaranteed. | <urn:uuid:26df9538-7a35-4e26-a194-6271f1250eaa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.prweb.com/releases/basement-flooding/water-damage/prweb9715341.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00003-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954497 | 443 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Planning for a time when you may be unable to make financial or health decisions for yourself is a great way to ensure your plans are carried out well even if you cannot vocalize it yourself.
This article will go over what exactly a Power of Attorney is, what kinds of POAs are there, as well as how someone becomes a Power of Attorney.
What is Power of Attorney?
Power of Attorney (POA) is a legal document that grants another person called your “agent” or “attorney in fact,” the power to act on your behalf. This agent will act on the particular power you choose to give them and cannot go beyond what you specify in the POA paperwork you fill out. This power gives typically them the right to make financial decisions, sign legal documents on your behalf, health decisions and more. Again, your agent can only make decisions on your behalf depending on what you give them the power to do. There are additional limitations imposed upon your agent by law.
Types Of Power Of Attorney
There are several types of power of attorney, including general, limited, health care, durable and childcare. Here’s a look at each of these types.
General Durable Power Of Attorney
With a general durable power of attorney, the agent you’ve given the POA to will only handle your affairs for the period of time that you specify, which may be only a few hours or the rest of your life. When you grant someone general power of attorney, it usually means they can buy, rent and sell property on your behalf, as well as handle your financial transactions, unlock your safety deposit box, settle any claims, buy life insurance and enter into contracts. If you need, you can also grant your general power of attorney the ability to maintain any business interests as well.
Limited Power Of Attorney
Limited, also known as “special” power of attorney doesn’t give as much power to the agent that general power of attorney does. Limited power of attorney allows someone to act your behalf only for a specific situation and limits their power to certain tasks as well.
Durable Power Of Attorney
The purpose of a durable POA is to plan for medical emergencies, cognitive decline later in life, or other situations where you’re no longer able or capable of making decisions. A durable power of attorney will remain in effect if you become mentally incapacitated. Without this durable language in the paperwork, the person to whom you’ve granted power of attorney can only exercise any power that is also accessible to you.
Because a durable power of attorney allows your agent to carry out the powers you’ve granted them regardless of your health and ability, it’s especially important to grant this power to someone whom you trust completely.
Health Care Power Of Attorney
Health care power of attorney, also called medical power of attorney, gives your appointed agent the power to make medical decisions for you if you are unable to make them for yourself.
In your power of attorney document, you can name a doctor who is charged with making the decision of your competency. You can also require that two licensed physicians must agree on your condition.
In practice, the healthcare powers are often included in a single general durable power of attorney, bestowing health care powers upon the same agent having power of your financial and other concerns.
Child Care Power Of Attorney
Child care power of attorney is where you appoint an agent to take care of your children temporarily. This can be used if you are facing jail time or going into a rehabilitation facility. This POA can prevent you from losing custody of your children while you recover.
When Does My Power of Attorney End?
Power of attorney will automatically end when you pass away. A durable POA will also end if:
- It is revoked. As long as you are mentally competent, you can revoke your document at any time.
- No agent is available. You can name an alternate agent in your document to prevent this from happening.
- A court invalidates your document. Though rare, a court may declare your document invalid if it concludes that you were not mentally competent when you signed it, or that you were the victim of fraud or undue influence.
- Divorce. If your spouse is named as your agent in your POA in Alabama, that designation automatically ends once either of you files for divorce or annulment. So your ex-spouse’s power to act as your agent ends, but your POA will still be intact. So if you named a successor agent, that person would become your agent.
- Death. A power of attorney ceases to have any legal effect upon your death.
- Expiration. If a power of attorney expressly expires upon a date certain or upon the occurrence of a particular event, it will cease to have any legal effect. However, it is good practice to execute a revocation of your power attorney when you no longer need it.
Get Quality Professional Legal Help
An experienced power of attorney lawyer can help you address legal matters that can affect your quality of life and health. You’ll need an expert to interpret complex Alabama laws and you’ll want the very best to help you plan for your loved ones.
At Brackin & Johnson, our expert attorneys can assist you or your loved ones with planning for long term care and ensuring that your medical needs are met should the time come when you or your family member can no longer care for themselves.
We will work with you to ensure that your future is laid out in writing. If you’re searching for a skilled attorney specializing in estate planning, living wills, and power of attorney, get in touch with us today to schedule your free initial consultation. | <urn:uuid:ccc89dab-42cd-4fc6-a3d6-60f8f581d3da> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brackinjohnson.com/2022/04/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.953563 | 1,181 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Raw satellite images have not normally been corrected for brightness and colour. The sensor's gain will be set to deal with the wide range of surface reflectance values encountered across the globe, from bright deserts and ice caps to dark rain forests and lava fields. Adjustments are usually needed to maximise contrast within a single image and to compensate for the particular wavelength range of a sensor's colour channels (above left).
Colour adjustments are also needed for natural colour photography taken from the Space Shuttle or International Space Station (right). Colour photographic film is slightly more sensitive to blue light. Even after this colour bias has been corrected, a photograph from orbit will not show the exact colours of the Earth's surface features due to atmospheric contamination. The atmosphere scatters light of shorter wavelengths, causing a further blueing of the image. A camera lens also causes brightess to fall off toward the corners of the image (optical vignetting), a problem that is particularly apparent in Earth observation photos with relatively flat colour variation across the image. | <urn:uuid:9e0d0919-c9fe-4b60-8b87-7d72e75cec5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://planetaryvisions.com/Project.php?pid=2310 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.921759 | 209 | 3.890625 | 4 |
Mixed Reactions on Daylight Saving Time in Mexico
Mexico started its daylight saving schedule, but locals, businesses and politicians throughout the different regions are expressing mixed reactions.
Most of Mexico already started its 2009 daylight saving schedule but locals, businesses and politicians throughout the different regions are expressing mixed reactions. Many say that daylight saving time saves energy and should be extended or synchronized with the United States’ schedule. However, there are those who complain that daylight saving time is a waste of time and money, and has adverse effects regarding health and children.
Many regions in Mexico began daylight saving time on Sunday, April 5, 2009, when the clocks moved forward by one hour from 2am (or 02:00) to 3am (or 03:00) local time. Sonora remained on Mountain Standard Time (MST), in line with its neighbor Arizona (except the Navajo Nation community), in the United States.
A Push to Synchronize with the USA
Some political leaders in Mexico tried to push for a synchronized daylight saving schedule between the United States and regions such as Chihuahua, where the city of Ciudad Juárez has strong economic, business, and social ties with Texas. Mexico started its daylight saving schedule nearly one month later than the United States and ends about one week earlier in 2009.
It was reported that some organizations shifted their operating hours to remain in line with office hours in the USA during the few weeks when Mexico was not on daylight saving time after the USA began its schedule. Many business operators in Mexico believed that their temporarily amended timetables allowed for more seamless business transactions between offices in both countries.
There has been no official change to Mexico’s current daylight saving schedule, particularly regarding any extensions. However, timeanddate.com will provide updates about any changes to legislation regarding Mexico’s daylight saving time as information becomes available.
Energy and Money
Mexico’s daylight saving schedule aims to maximize natural light, therefore rationalizing electricity consumption for the benefit of household savings and environmental protection. Many believe that daylight saving time saves great amounts of energy during the summer period. Daylight saving time helps reduce electricity consumption by an average of 1,100 million kilowatt hours annually, according to FIDE, an organization that focuses on energy savings in Mexico.
FIDE also reported that energy consumption was reduced during a period of daylight saving time (1996 –2008), which enabled substantial electricity savings. The report also mentioned that the reduced demand for electricity during peak hours saved more than 9350 million pesos for the nation.
However, there are some news reports that are critical of whether or not daylight saving time was an efficient energy and money saving measure. Some locals voiced their opinions to say that they did not benefit economically from energy efficiency, as they believed that electricity tariffs increased. Many also complained that they did not notice a price decrease in their electricity bills.
Health and Children
News reports also emerged about daylight saving time’s impact on people’s health and how it affected children in Mexico. Many parents complained that their children, particularly younger children, had a difficult time waking up in the morning and adjusting to daylight saving time. Some parents said that more effort was required to get their children ready for school during the daylight saving adjustment period.
Therapists from some medical centers noted that although daylight saving time could create adverse health effects for some people, many of them would be able to adapt to the changes within days. Specialists also advised that the shift to daylight saving time could contribute towards sleep problems, drowsiness, lack of concentration, forgetfulness, irritability and depression.
Note: Any reference to summer in this article relates to the northern hemisphere. | <urn:uuid:77093f5b-e886-4c12-b2c6-7ffca529f950> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mexico-dst-mixed-reactions-2009.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.966212 | 753 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Copy paste multiple rows in a table
I am trying to copy multiple rows (150+) and then paste them into the same table below the original 150 rows.
Can this be done? I can only seem to get 1 row at a time.
Thank you for taking the time to report an issue.
What's wrong... Please write below.
I have a table of 5 fields and more than 5,000 records(rows). I need to copy all the rows and paste it 100 times in the new record row .
Could you help me how to do it? If Example:
ID Fld1 Fld2 Fld3 Fld4 Fld5
Now I need to copy all these 5000 records 100 times to make it like
ID Fld1 Fld2 Fld3 Fld4 Fld5
I think Access will automatically update the ID No's
I'm sure this has been asked a hundred times, but I cannot find a good answer. In a table, I am trying to copy paste from one field, one record (cell), into multiple records of that same field or any field I wish. Basically, I would love to highlight any range, whether it is single or multiple records and rows, and paste over where I choose. So if in records 1, 2, and 3, I highlight and copy the values in field A, how do I paste these values in records 4, 5, and 6 of field A, B, etc. I know I'm thinking in Excel mode, but I generally do not manually input my data in Access, but rather dump reports through Monarch
I would like to be able to copy a single record in a table and then paste this record a pre-defined number of times 10,20,30 depending on requirements. The reason I need to do this is that I want to set up a number of identical records that can easily be amended into unique records.
This will vastly reduce the amount of work and time spent entering records individually.
The only way that I have been able to achieve this is to copy and transfer the master record into Excel, and then copy the row and paste it into a range of cells. Copy the range of cellsback from Excel and then paste this range back into the Access table.
I want to create an access form with a text box linked to a table. I want users to be able to copy cells from an excel column and paste them into the text box. I then want each row in the text box to be inserted into consecutive row of each table field.
The Microsoft Office Clipboard allows you to copy multiple text and graphical items from Office documents or other programs and paste them into another Office document. For example, you can copy text from an e-mail message, data from a workbook or datasheet, and a graphic from a presentation and then paste them all into a document. By using the Office Clipboard, you can arrange the copied items the way that you want in the document.
What do you want to do?
* Learn more about how the Office Clipboard works
* Turn on the Office Clipboard
* Control how the Office Clipboard is displayed
* Turn off the Office Clipboard
* Copy multiple items to the Office Clipboard
* Paste items
* Delete items from the Office Clipboard
I would like to make it possible for people using my database to copy paste 10 rows from excel table in to form in datasheet view. So far it works fine when I open it with shift+enter, but as soon as I open it in user mode, through one of the forms, it is not possible. Hopefully someone can help me with my problem
I have a datasheet application that updates additional fields based on the input of one field using VBA code. Due to the design constraints, I use the following technique.
1. After the field is updated, I do a Refresh to save the row
2. Then I retrieve the other values I need using VBA code and save them.
3. Finally, I read the saved row, update the additional fields, and update the row.
This works fine as long as the operator enters the new row manually or even if he/she does a copy & paste of one row. However, if he/she copies and pastes multiple rows, then the Refresh doesn't insert the multiple rows and my step 3 above fails. Is there a way I can detect that multiple rows are being inserted so I can handle the event accordingly?
I observed that when I copy a value, select a range of columns and try to copy in the entire range of cells, the value is pasted only in the beginning cell and rest all are empty.
But I have a requirement when after selecting the range of cells in the table and press Ctl+V the user should be able to paste the values in all the selected range of cells as in excel.
Is there a setting or something in Access for this functionality?
Duplicating a table in Access manually is extremely easy - just Copy and then Paste the table object. The three screenshots below copy Products table, and then paste it to make a new table Products_Copy.
We have created a split database which allows my manager to update the data in the table on a weekly basis. The table is indexed in order to speed up time it takes to search for the records from the front end. Every week we have to add records to the access table from an excel spreadsheet. My manager likes to copy and paste the new records into the existing table. If we continue to add records to the indexed table via copy and paste, will the table automatically stay indexed or will this slow the response time down. | <urn:uuid:cffeb45d-5cbb-4eee-807e-ec83aeacfa1c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.tutcity.com/access/copy-paste-multiple-rows-table.37934.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721555.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00178-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.891803 | 1,171 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Collection: The Lawrence Photograph Collection >> G.P.O. & Nelson Pillar, Dublin [graphic]
G.P.O. & Nelson Pillar, Dublin
|Main Creator:||French, Robert, 1841-1917 photographer|
O'Connell Street, Nelson's Pillar and the General Post Office, featuring carts, sidecars and electric trams
|Published / Created:||
Additional information about this photograph is available on the National Library of Ireland's Flickr Commons photostream http://www.flickr.com/photos/nlireland/8181548282
Robert French was the chief photographer responsible for photographing three quarters of the Lawrence Collection. For more information, see the Dictionary of Irish Biography: http://dib.cambridge.org/viewReadPage.do?articleId=a3369
Physical description: 1 photographic negative glass 12.5 x 19 cm.
Geographic Coverage: Dublin City, County Dublin, Province of Leinster, Ireland.
Caption on glassplate reads: G. P. O. & Nelson Pillar. Dublin. No1. W. L.
|Contained in:||The Lawrence Photograph Collection|
|Call Number||View in||Collection|
|L_CAB_00001||NPA Reading Room - Appt. only||Photos|
Reproduction rights owned by National Library of Ireland | <urn:uuid:d72bfb73-6ef3-40a0-94de-85001969254e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000029775 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.696478 | 290 | 1.695313 | 2 |
flowering houseplants can decorate each house, fill it with bright colors and pleasant aromas.Among common flowering plants stands out pelargonium, which is often confused with geraniums.In particular, the aristocratic - royal and unpretentious in care - zoning.
Distinctive features royal pelargonium leaves are rough with sharp teeth.During flowering plant delight households large, extraordinarily beautiful flower, the edge of which are lighter than the middle, velvet.
Zonal Pelargonium reminds spherical umbrella, consisting of several flowers - simple or double, of various colors.There are quite a Pelargonium strong thick stems and hairy leaves with a strong odor.The plant can reach 30-50 centimeters, depending on the species variety.
- Feature 1: The substrate and pots
- Feature 2: Watering and fertilizing
- Feature 3: Conditions of
- Feature 4: Formation of the flower
- Feature 5: Reproduction and transplant
- Feature 6: Diseases and difficulties
Feature 1: The substrate and pots
Health and beauty all the flower depends on the choice of soil in which it grows.At the present time in the flower shops can be found ready-made substrates intended for flowering and flowering houseplants.They can be both versatile and suitable for a particular plant species.
Pelargonium - one of those plants that need fertile and well-drained soil.Of course, it can be put in an ordinary universal substrate designed for flowering plants.
However, experts in the field of floriculture recommend:
- For young plants prepare potting soil composed of equal parts compost or turf land, peat, humus and sand.
- zonal pelargonium use a mixture with peat substrate and compost, humus and pine land in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1.
- For plants that will be in the warm season to decorate the garden, around the house or balcony, suitable mixture of leaf and soil humus or normal turf ground.
Pelargonium do not like dense soil, so you should not be added in the preparation of the substrate too much peat.Otherwise the possible stagnation of liquid in it, because of what the plant may succumb to putrid processes and simply die.
- pelargonium in care is not only important to choose the right soil, but also the vessel in which it will grow.To do this, select or wooden clay pots or boxes.
- Such containers should not be too spacious, otherwise the plant will not bloom or bloom will not please the strong profusion.
- and transparent plastic pots - not the best choice for the constant growth of Pelargonium.Florist noted that the plant they often die, and sick.
- optimum diameter of the pot for a plant is 12-14 cm and 22-25 cm for three or more plants in one pot.Pot height 10-15 centimeters.
- topple Pelargonium between watering it can be triggered by insufficient pot in which it grows.
Feature 2: Watering and fertilizing
Pelargonium regardless of the species has the property to accumulate moisture, so watering when it should be observed accuracy.Some housewives who grow pelargonium, recommend watering the plants as dry land.And rightly so, since it is easier to tolerate drought than waterlogging.
properly watered flower - it is to comply with the following conditions:
- soil should have time to dry for 2 centimeters in depth between waterings.
- recommended to water the plant by the pallet, so you can avoid compaction of the earth, and the very roots absorb as much moisture as needed.
- water the plants must be defended water at room temperature, which had been previously boiled and passed through a filter.
As a result, during the warm season Pelargonium requires abundant watering, and in the cold season - a moderate.This is due to the fact that at low vegetation root system of the plant is easy to pour.When watering is necessary to allow the water to soak into the ground for 20-30 minutes, after which the remains of the pallet have to pour.
desirable to feed the plants during the warm season, using for this purpose special funds, purchased at a flower shop.For example, granular fertilizer specifically for flowering plants.They should add 3 months after the landing, or else fed 'adult' flower with the help of fertilizer 1 time per season.
Experienced growers are recommended to ready fertilizer as:
- Option 1. «Kemira Suite" - a water-soluble fertilizer, which must be used for indoor plants during the summer period at each watering, and in winter - whenEvery fourth.It can be used for planting.The fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, manganese, boron, copper and zinc.
- Option 2: «Ideal" - a universal means on the basis of vermicompost, the liquid fraction of the natural waste product of earthworms.Also vermicompost, as a part of fertilizer has nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
- Option 3: «Zircon" - bioregulator for any type of plant.For flower crops must be used during the beginning of active growth and budding.Manufactured product based on vegetable raw materials Echinacea purpurea.
- Option 4: «Mikrassa" - is based on pure salts of trace elements.The composition includes boron, zinc, copper, manganese, iodine.The fertilizer is produced in the form of tablets and can be used for indoor plants not more than 1 per month.It can be combined with other fertilizers - nitrogen, phosphate, humates and growth stimulants.
You can also use organic fertilizers, cooked at home.For example:
- sleeping tea.To make it, you need to fill a glass of dry tea in a 3-liter jar.Cover with water and infuse for 4-5 days, stirring occasionally.After this time, the solution must drain and eventually apply.
- Eggshell.Use eggshells recommended to prevent oxidation of the soil and feeding of any plants, including the home.Houseplants can just pour water in which boiled eggs.However, you can use this recipe: pound net shells 4 raw eggs, pour boiling water (1 liter), let stand for 5 days, stirring daily.
- nettle infusion.To prepare the infusion, you need 0.5 kilos of fresh steamed nettles in 5 liters of boiling water.Let stand for 12 hours and strain.
- decoction of oak bark.To prepare 20 grams is necessary to calculate the cortex 200 milligrams of water warmed in a water bath for an hour.Then the broth should drain, squeeze out the residue and bring to a volume of 200 milligrams of boiled water.Such a solution can not be stored for more than 2 days in a refrigerator.
- rotted manure.A little bit of manure must be put in a container, the Gulf water, leave for a couple of days.Watering the flowers must be highly diluted solution.
- Pelargonium do not need spraying and wash the leaves.If you perform these procedures, the flower can throw leaves.
- If in the heat of the plant should be watered about every day, at low temperature conditions watering should be no more than 1 time in 10 days.
- If the leaves of pelargonium appeared watery pads - a sign that when watering is necessary to use less water.
- Yellowing of lower leaves (dry them over the edge) tells about the lack of moisture, and an excess of signal their complete withering and rotting stems.
- If you wish to receive the abundant foliage, plants fed fertilizer with more nitrogen.
- to stimulate abundant flowering, fertilizer should be more potassium and phosphorus than nitrogen.
- Overfeeding plants may lead to the development of various diseases and lack of flowering.
Feature 3: Conditions of
pelargonium care at home will differ on this point.For example:
- Zonal Pelargonium. She thrives on the south side.In the warmer months it can be easily transferred to the balcony, if the night temperature outside is not lower than 15 degrees.In this case, care must be taken further strengthening stems to protect them from the wind.In the cold season it is recommended to keep in the room in which the temperature ranges from 11 to 14 degrees Celsius.
- Royal pelargonium. Royal pelargonium should be kept in a bright room where the sun does not get it right.Ideal windowsill on the north or west side.It does not like heat and is perfect if the room is not higher than 15 degrees in the winter season.It is not recommended to move to an open balcony, as the plant does not like drafts and the wind.
- Pelargonium desirable to place the glass where it will be exposed to direct sunlight.In this case, the plant will get burned.
- Lack of light will affect the dropping of leaves and long shoots.
- If the short daylight hours, for plant health need to renew it with the help of artificial lighting.
- room where growing pelargonium, you must constantly be aired, but avoid drafts.
- plant does not like humid, which is why it can be lost, and there is no need to spray it.
- Content Pelargonium in winter at high temperatures can lead to a lack of proper flowering next season.
Feature 4: Formation of the flower
flower formation is done by pinching and pruning.With the help of these techniques can be achieved:
- Getting compact and lush bush.
- Increased flowering plants.
- Getting rid of the weak, damaged shoots.
Receiving first: pinched plants
pinched, in fact, is the removal of points of growth of Pelargonium.Thus, it can trigger the development of new, young shoots and increased branching.If used for growing plants cuttings, then pinch the plant must be over 8 or 10 sheets.If the plant is derived from the seeds should be pinched to perform over 6 or 8 sheets.In general, pinched carried out from February to March.
Receiving Two: Crop plants
This method is more suitable for "adults" pelargonium.It is a cardinal way to form the crown of the plant and cut the old stems and large.Untraceable on each stalk 2-5 buds, and cut the stalks can be used for propagation.Circumcision must be performed Pelargonium in early spring.
When forming Pelargonium desirable to adhere to the following rules:
- Rule 1: To trim the plants use only clean, pre-treated with alcohol and very sharp objects.
- Rule 2: vyschipku shoots pinched out and spend only need clean hands to prevent plant diseases.
- Rule 3: branches that grow into the bush, should be removed.They impede access of light and air circulation.It is necessary for normal growth of the plant to leave those branches that grow from the center to the opposite side.
- Rule 4: All sections must be processed.To process any suitable means on the basis of alcohol, brilliant green, crushed charcoal, fungicide.Rough cuts some time ssohnutsya than spoil the look of the plant.
- Rule 5: After cutting the plant should feed and thereby stimulate the improvement of its growth.
- If after pinching plant shoots grow from the axils of the upper leaves, they must be removed or left.In the latter case, pinched should be repeated after a while, when the 2-3 leaf.
- Young branches growing in the side of the stem, you need to pinch, too.Otherwise the plant will expend energy only on the development of these branches.
- Do not cut pelargonium autumn and winter.Carrying out this manipulation may lead to the development of healthy shoots are not, because of what the plant may die.
- If you do not prune or pinched, the plant may not bloom in full or at all.
- Crop royal pelargonium necessary several times.It is weaker than the zonal and when hard pruning may die.
Feature 5: Reproduction and transplant
Reproduction Pelargonium can be carried out with the help of cutting or planting seeds.
When choosing a plant propagation by grafting should be aware of the following nuances:
- first - rooting pelargonium best at the end of February and in March or the last 2 months of summer.In cold or too hot season rooting deteriorating, and the plant may simply be lost.
- second - suitable for reproduction vertical shoots with two or three leaves and a length of 5-6 cm, are best cut on the site where the list is growing.
- third - the landing is necessary to make in 1-2 hours, and if there is an inflorescence on the shoot - it must be removed.To prevent rotting, cut the stalk should obmoknut in crushed coal.
- fourth - plant shoots is recommended to small pots or transparent glasses, deepening their 2 centimeters.Through the transparent glass is easier to see the formation of the root system.Tanks in which the cuttings will be transplanted, must be filled with a mixture of sand and peat, taken in equal amounts.Alternatively, you can use peat tablets.Before planting a mixture of land must be scalded with boiling water and pour a strong solution of potassium permanganate.
- fifth - containers with cuttings should be placed in a light place, where there is no direct sunlight.The optimum temperature for the content of cuttings - 20-22 degrees Celsius.At the same time watering should be moderate, but the first time it should be abundant.
- about the reliability of rooting tell growth of new leaves and roots presence around the perimeter of the container.The plants to be transplanted into a new pot, and after 7 days prischipnut.
noteworthy that the plant, which was cut in March, will appreciate flowers in mid-summer.If the plant was cut in August, its blooms can be seen only next spring.There is no need to handle it in the winter.This should be done in late February, March, using pots of 9-11 centimeters.
planted the seeds, you can grow pelargonium, which will delight more abundant flowering than the one that is grown from cuttings.It is believed that the plant from the seed will be less sick and show resistance to moisture.
There are a few rules of how to grow from seed pelargonium:
- Planting should be done in January and February seedlings in pots or bowls.
- Earth must be parboiled and shed the dark solution of potassium permanganate.
- seeds should be spread on the wet ground, lightly covering the soil for seedlings, and sprinkling a special growth factor.
- capacity of seeds should be covered with glass or film.
- Crops is desirable to keep evenly moist.
- Watering carefully so the seeds are gone to the depth, otherwise they will not germinate.
- Containers with seedlings need to be aired, lifting the daily glass or film, and removing accumulated condensate. | <urn:uuid:64539134-4044-4e3e-ac22-47ffde3b1967> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ladyhealthnet.com/en/pages/15546 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00344-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902275 | 3,180 | 2.984375 | 3 |
What’s the best way to set up a Windows 10 machine?
My daughter has asked for a Windows laptop for Christmas, for schoolwork and games. I’m a Mac user and haven’t set up a Windows machine for many years so I’d appreciate any advice … except “get her a Mac/Linux” from below the line! Stuart
Windows has changed a lot in the past decade, and now it’s a mobile operating system. If your daughter has some experience with Google Android, she’ll probably cope quite well. Many of Windows 10’s main features came from the mobile world. These include sandboxed apps installed and updated from an online store, log-on PINs, touch screens, notifications, a voice-aware intelligent assistant (Cortana), location awareness and a “Find my device” feature.
Your daughter should ideally have some information ready before going through Windows 10’s “out of box experience”, or OOBE, as it’s known in the trade. Some are obvious: country, preferred language, time zone etc. She should also have your Wi-Fi password, and a working email address for her log-on. Otherwise, she can choose Express Settings to speed up the process. She can change the settings later.
Your daughter can use any email address as her Microsoft account (MSA). It’s the Microsoft equivalent of a Google Account (Gmail address) or an Apple ID. It’s used to link her laptop to OneDrive cloud storage, the Windows Store, Skype, Cortana’s personalisation data, the free online Microsoft Office programs etc. It also links her PC to other Windows devices, Android and Apple smartphones and tablets, Xbox One games consoles, and so on. Finally, the MSA stores the laptop’s activation details (which used to be a product key) and encryption keys.
People typically use an existing Microsoft email address. This can be at Hotmail, Live, MSN, Outlook.com or whatever. If she doesn’t have one, the Windows 10 set-up procedure will create one. However, it’s simpler and less stressful to have one ready to go.
When your daughter enters her email address and password, Windows 10’s Mail app will automatically download recent emails. If she has used this account on a Windows machine before, Windows 10 will offer to set up her new laptop with the same settings. This includes her wallpaper (desktop background) and any apps she has downloaded from the Windows Store.
Once logged on to Windows 10, click the Start button in the bottom left, type ‘get’ in the Search box and click the “Get Started” app. This introduces most of Windows 10’s features, and includes around 50 short videos. The What’s New section covers Cortana and the Edge browser. I strongly recommend watching Reduce Distractions, a two-minute video in the Ease of Access section. It shows how to remove unwanted animations, tiles, pinned programs, and so on. | <urn:uuid:1ea785d4-1bb0-4581-8adf-60a12b23393a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blazilight.co/2016/12/whats-the-best-way-to-set-up-a-windows-10-machine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00190-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895632 | 647 | 2.203125 | 2 |
La DemoiselleMiami Indian chief
Although little is known of his life, La Demoiselle (as he was known to the French) is now remembered for his role in the conflict between the French and the British in North America at the outset of the French and Indian War. A chief of the Piankeshaw branch of the Miami Indians, La Demoiselle led his people in 1747 to a spot on the Great Miami River, near the present-day town of Piqua, Ohio. These Indians were known from then on as the Tweightewee. Along with a group of British colonial traders, they established the town of Pickawillany, which rapidly became the most important English trading post in the Old Northwest.
This expansion of British influence did not sit well with the French, who sent a force of 250 men into the area to reinforce French claims. They reached Pickawillany in Sept. 1749, and the commander, Céleron de Blainville (or de Bienville, or Céloron), spent a week trying to persuade La Demoiselle to switch his allegiance to the French. The Indians, however, were well disposed toward the British and remained where they were.
Eventually, the French sent a group of Ottawa and Ojibwa warriors under Chief Pontiac and led by French commanders to destroy the Pickawillany settlement. The surprise attack occurred on June 21, 1752. The attackers killed and ate La Demoiselle for his devotion to the British.
La Demoiselle was also known as “Old Britain” by the British.Died: 6/21/1752 | <urn:uuid:a356ea22-e21f-49a7-a53d-ad89fe63e999> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0886861.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00226-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982271 | 341 | 3.59375 | 4 |
On Tuesday, Feb. 15, Secretary of Education Arne Duncan convened hundreds of teachers'-union leaders and school-district leaders in Denver to discuss ways management and labor could work together better. Kumbaya!
Two days later, all hell broke loose in Madison, Wis. The flash point was Republican Governor Scott Walker's plan to address the state's budget gap by making public employees contribute more to health care coverage, coupled with a proposal to eliminate collective bargaining for most public employees including teachers. Democratic state legislators went into hiding to thwart a vote on the measure, and schools closed as thousands of teachers left their classrooms to descend on the state capital.
The two episodes vividly illustrate the hope and the reality of labor-management issues in education today. As Madison becomes ground zero for the debate over government spending and public-sector reform, some hard questions are getting lost in political theatrics and overwrought rhetoric. Here are questions Wisconsin's governor, labor leaders and President Obama should have good answers for but so far don't:
1. Governor Walker: Can you make a case that you're not using the state's fiscal crisis in a cynical attempt to weaken organized labor?
2. Governor Walker: If collective bargaining is one of the biggest problems the public sector in your state faces in managing its workers, then why exempt first responders like police officers and firefighters from your proposals? Shouldn't you be addressing bargaining for police and firefighters even before other workers, like teachers, because of the critical role first responders play every day?
3. Governor Walker: You want to subject teacher pay raises to local referendums if they are higher than a cap indexed to the Consumer Price Index. Is it really a good idea to inject pay raises for civil servants into the political fray in this way?
4. Governor Walker: You want to mandate annual "decertification" votes for local unions so teachers could dissolve their union with an annual vote. Given that workers can decertify their union to represent them if they want, does setting an annual vote just introduce more instability and politics into local school districts?
5. President Obama: You're now rushing to defend the unions in Wisconsin, deploy resources there and say that people shouldn't vilify public-sector workers as a cause of our fiscal woes. Yet in December, you singled out civilian federal-government employees for a two-year pay freeze to show your seriousness about deficit reduction (even though the measure would save only $28 billion over five years, while the the federal budget is more than $3.5 trillion each year). Have you played any role in creating this anti-public-sector climate?
6. National and Wisconsin union leaders: We keep hearing how there isn't any difference between collective bargaining for steelworkers or autoworkers and bargaining for public-sector workers like teachers. Not exactly. While steelworkers can't pick the boards of directors for steel companies, teachers' unions have enormous influence in elections for school board members and state legislators. And while car and steel factories can go bankrupt providing a real check on what kinds of demands labor can make there is not the same constraint in the public sector, because while states can go broke, they can't go out of business. Given this, are any restraints on public-sector collective bargaining appropriate?
7. National union leaders: For more than a decade, teachers'-union leaders and activists have poisoned debate by attacking anyone raising serious questions about teachers' contracts as "anti-union." Now that we're seeing what actual anti-unionism looks like (in progressive touchstone Wisconsin, of all places) is this episode causing you to change your thinking about the urgency of reforming teacher contracts?
8. Wisconsin teachers'-union leaders: Is closing schools for days (especially in places like Milwaukee, where students can least afford it) so teachers can go to the state capital to protest really the best way to persuade the public that this is all about serving children?
9. National and Wisconsin union leaders: The assertion being made on the union side is that absent collective bargaining, Wisconsin public-sector workers would be left unprotected in the workplace. But wouldn't they, in fact, still be protected by a variety of federal and state statutes protecting workers from various discriminatory and unfair practices?
10. Wisconsin's Democratic legislators: Do you really think you're helping to solve this crisis by going into hiding?
Andrew J. Rotherham, who writes the blog Eduwonk, is a co-founder of and partner at Bellwether Education, a nonprofit working to improve educational outcomes for low-income students. School of Thought, his education column for TIME.com, usually appears every Thursday. | <urn:uuid:0e942d30-2394-4d55-a356-93f8bac13970> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2052705,00.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00463-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958125 | 949 | 1.601563 | 2 |
See full text of editorial here.
It is understandable that Mr. Kaine has not rushed to issue pardons. A governor should not lightly set aside a jury verdict. We fear that politics may also be involved. Pardons are generally unpopular with voters, and no politician wants to risk being targeted by a Willie Horton-style attack ad, blaming him for releasing a dangerous criminal back into society.
A grave injustice has been committed here. Mr. Kaine, who is a lawyer and a former professor of legal ethics, should understand as well as anyone how these prosecutions went awry. He should also understand how horrific and unfair it would be to force three men to spend the rest of their lives behind bars for a crime they did not commit.
Monday, November 17, 2008
Today's New York Times features an editorial calling on Virginia Goveror Tim Kaine to pardon the mem popularly known as the "Norfolk Four" (Derek E. Tice, Joseph J. Dick Jr., Danial J. Williams and Eric C. Wilson). In part, the editorial says: | <urn:uuid:6203f0a3-6468-400a-acae-79b0073a76d4> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.pardonpower.com/2008/11/virginia-times-calls-for-pardon.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719416.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00363-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973022 | 220 | 1.507813 | 2 |
In treatment planning patient care, the initial focus is on disease control prior to definitive care. In edentulous patients, it is critical to improve the health of denture-bearing tissues prior to making impressions, especially in the clinical scenario when the patient is to have tissue-supported removable prostheses.1,2 Removable complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and tissue- and implant-supported overdentures fabricated on unhealthy tissues lead to further deterioration of tissue health and the compromise of prosthetic outcomes.1,3 Discrepancies in fit, tissue adaptation, stability, and occlusion can be attributed to the placement of a removable prosthesis on tissues that may have debris on them or have not been managed for proper intraoral hygiene. Patients who wear removable complete dentures are commonly affected by denture-associated pathologies such as stomatitis, Candida infection, traumatic sores, and/or denture-related hyperplasia.4 The capacity for healing and recovery of denture-bearing tissues is impacted by the presence of biofilm, plaque, calculus on the prosthesis, residual adhesive, irritation, and inflammation.5 To improve the potential for a successful patient outcome, thorough assessment and appropriate intervention are required for optimizing soft-tissue health.
The Importance of Overall Health
The improvement and maintenance of overall oral health is also important prior to the impression making, trial, and placement of a fixed prosthesis that may be tooth-supported or implant-supported.6-9 Increased bleeding and secretion of crevicular fluid (associated with inflamed tissues) makes it challenging to record the finish lines of the preparations/abutments, resulting in poor fit at the margins.9,10 It is not only the recording of the finish lines but also the trial and placement that are challenging in the presence of inflammation. Unhealthy gingival/peri-implant tissues are susceptible to recession,9-12 thereby affecting the aesthetics and oral hygiene maintenance of the definitive prosthesis.
Peri-implantitis is one of the most frequent complications affecting the hard and soft tissues surrounding the implant, resulting in loss of implants.13-16 Poor plaque control is considered a key etiological factor in the development of periodontitis and peri-implantitis.17-20 Adequate plaque control is critical for the reduction of inflammation, limitation of pathogenic oral bacteria, and prevention of stains and odors.21 Unhealthy tissues affect the longevity and success of the teeth/implants and prostheses.22
Responsibility for Optimal Oral Hygiene Takes a Team Approach
Healthy and clean oral tissues are paramount during all phases of prosthesis fabrication.1 It is the responsibility of the entire dental team, including the assistants, hygienists, and the dentist, to educate, train and motivate the patient to improve and maintain oral health. The most efficient hygiene devices (manual and electric toothbrushes, brushing at least twice daily; interproximal brushes; flosses; antimicrobial rinses and gels; and subgingival irrigation systems) should be incorporated in the daily cleaning regimen of the patient.23-33 The practitioner can provide the cleaning aids to patients as soon as they accept their treatment plans. This is particularly advantageous because it ensures that the cleaning aids are immediately accessible to the patients and eliminates the possibility of getting the wrong products. The dental team should teach the use of the cleaning aids during the clinical appointment and not simply hand them over to the patient.
Toothbrushing (with a proper technique) aids in the mechanical removal of dental plaque, biofilm, calculus, food particles, and adhesive from the oral tissues34-36 and in massaging the oral tissues.37 An increase in blood flow, capillary permeability, and oxygenation; the promotion of keratinization of the gingival epithelium; a decrease in the gingival crevicular fluid volume, and an increase and enhancement of the proliferative activity of crevicular epithelial basal cells are the advantages associated with massaging/stimulation of the oral tissues.38-43 Electric toothbrushes/electric gum massagers aid in achieving the beneficial effects of tissue stimulation more quickly and efficiently compared to regular manual toothbrushes.44-46 A greater improvement in oral health and a reduction in plaque and gingivitis have been reported with powered (electric) toothbrushes when compared to manual toothbrushes.47-52 Electric toothbrushes are preferred by most patients because they are efficient, easy, and convenient to use.21
Recently, newer electric brushes (Genius [Oral-B]) with 3D cleaning action technology (oscillation, rotation, and pulsation), pressure sensors, position detection, and built-in timers have been introduced. The oscillating, rotating, and pulsating action of the electric toothbrush stimulates and massages the tissues, thereby increasing the velocity of red blood cells, which carry oxygen into the tissues. The use of electric toothbrushes for preventing peri-implantitis and maintaining peri-implant health has been discussed in several articles.34-36
Cleaning the Oral Cavity Before Clinical Procedures
All patients should be instructed to clean their oral cavities in the dental office prior to all clinical procedures. The technique for edentulous patients is a little different compared to others. They are asked to sip warm water, hold it in the mouth, and secure it by pursing their lips. Pursing of the lips prevents the water from dripping out of the oral cavity while inserting the dual-action brush head (in the Daily Clean mode) into the mouth. The massaging action while water is in the mouth aids in increasing tissue hydration and improving tissue health. Daily home care for edentulous patients, dentate patients, and patients with implant prostheses is described below.
Daily Home Care for Edentulous Patients
Edentulous patients are asked to place the brush in the mouth and gently move the brush head to contact all the tissue surfaces of the mouth (Figures 1a to 1c). They are instructed to use the electric toothbrush with the dual-action brush head (in Daily Clean mode) to clean and massage their oral tissues twice per day (Figure 1d) to maintain their oral health throughout their lives.
|Figure 1a. The Genius (Oral-B) positioned on the buccal surface of the maxillary denture-bearing tissues.||Figure 1b. The brush head positioned on the palatal surface of the maxillary denture-bearing tissues.|
|Figure 1c. The brush head positioned on the occlusal surface of the mandibular denture-bearing tissues.||Figure 1d. Massaging the oral tissues aids in increasing blood flow, capillary permeability, and oxygenation.|
Denture adhesive use is common among denture wearers. It is important to teach patients an effective method for adhesive removal from denture surfaces and oral tissues. Appropriate denture and oral hygiene should be accomplished by edentulous patients at least 2 times each day.
For removing biofilm, debris, and adhesive from the prosthesis, the patient is asked to submerge the prosthesis in a container filled with warm water. The patient is instructed to place the dual-action brush head (in Daily Clean mode) in the same container and slowly move it on the intaglio surface of the prosthesis (Figure 2a). Both the warm water and the oscillation-rotation-pulsation action of the brush aid in decoupling the biofilm, debris, and adhesive from the prosthesis (Figure 2b).
For removing biofilm, debris, and adhesive from the denture-bearing tissues, the patient is asked to sip warm water, hold it in the mouth, and secure it by pursing his or her lips (Figure 3a). Pursing of the lips prevents the water from dripping out of the oral cavity while inserting the toothbrush into the mouth. The patient is instructed to move the dual-action brush head slowly and gently on all the denture-bearing tissue surfaces. Both the warm water and the oscillation-rotation-pulsation action of the brush head aid in decoupling the biofilm, debris, and adhesive from the tissues (Figures 3b and 3c). Once all surfaces are clean, the patient is asked to expectorate.
|Figure 2a. The patient moves the brush head slowly and gently on the intaglio surface of the maxillary denture.||Figure 2b. Separation of biofilm, debris, and adhesive from the maxillary denture.|
|Figure 3a. The patient is asked to sip warm water, hold it in the mouth, and secure it by pursing their lips.||Figure 3b. Separation of biofilm, debris, and adhesive from the maxillary tissues.|
Daily Home Care for Dentate Patients, Patients With Fixed Dental Prostheses, and Patients With Implant-Retained Fixed Dental Prostheses
These patients are advised to place the cross-action brush head (in Daily Clean mode) in the mouth and gently move the brush head to contact all the surfaces of the teeth/prosthesis in the mouth (Figures 4a and 4b) and the gingival tissues (Figure 4c). This enables the cleaning of the lingual, labial/buccal, and incisal/occlusal surfaces of the teeth/prosthesis and massaging of the gingiva. For sensitive teeth and gums, it is recommended to use the sensitive brush head in the Sensitive mode. The oscillation-rotation-pulsation action of the brush aids in removing stubborn debris. The interproximal brush head in Daily Clean mode is recommended for interproximal cleaning (Figure 5a) and cleaning under the surfaces of pontics/prostheses(Figures 5b and 5c). This will permit the removal of biofilm, plaque, and food particles accumulated in these spaces.
|Figure 3c. Separation of biofilm, debris, and adhesive from the mandibular tissues.||Figure 4a. The Genius positioned on the palatal/lingual surfaces of the natural teeth.|
|Figure 4b. The brush head positioned on the occlusal/incisal surfaces of a fixed dental prosthesis.||Figure 4c. The brush head positioned at the junction of the implant-supported fixed complete denture and the tissues.|
|Figure 5a. The Genius interproximal brush head positioned for use in interdental cleaning.||Figure 5b. The interproximal brush head positioned between the pontic and the tissues.|
|Figure 5c. The interproximal brush head positioned between the prosthesis and the tissues.||Figure 6a. The Genius cross-action brush head being used to clean all the surfaces of the bar.|
Daily Home Care for Patients With Removable Implant Prostheses
Patients with removable implant prostheses supported by an implant bar attachment are asked to place the cross-action brush head in the mouth and rotate the brush to gently clean all tissue surfaces. The patient is instructed to position the bristles on the implant bar and gently move the brush head to contact all the surfaces of the bar. The oscillation-rotation-pulsation of the brush aids in removing stubborn debris from the buccal, lingual (Figure 6a), occlusal, and intaglio surfaces of the bar. The interproximal brush head in Daily Clean mode is recommended for cleaning the intaglio surface of the bar. The patient is instructed to gently guide the bristle head between the bar and the tissue with gentle pressure (Figure 6b). Move the brush head laterally to clean the entire area. This will permit the removal of biofilm, plaque, and food particles that have accumulated underneath the bar. For cleaning the stud attachment, the patient is instructed to position the bristles on the stud attachment and apply gentle pressure. Maintaining the vertical positioning not only aids in removing debris surrounding the stud abutments but also ensures that the bristles engage the apertures in the stud abutments and remove any impacted debris (Figure 7). Debris can accumulate in and around the retentive element of the stud attachment/bar in the prosthesis and affect the retention and stability of the prosthesis. The patient is asked to place the cross-action brush on the retentive elements of the stud attachment/bar and apply gentle pressure to remove debris within and around the retentive element (Figure 8).
|Figure 6b. The interproximal brush head positioned between the bar and the tissues.||Figure 7a. Debris being detached from the stud attachment.|
|Figure 7b. Clean stud attachment,||Figure 8a. Debris being detached from the retentive element.|
|Figure 8b. Clean retentive element.|
Acknowledgment: All graphics in this article were created by Dr. Massad.
1. Massad JJ, Cagna DR, Goodacre CJ, et al. Definitive impressions. In: Massad JJ, Cagna DR, Goodacre CJ, et al. Application of the Neutral Zone in Prosthodontics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2017:35-50.
2. Babiuc I, Păuna M, Maliţa MA, et al. Correct complete denture rehabilitation, a chance for recovering abused tissues. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2009;50:707-712.
3. Keubker WA. Denture problems: causes, diagnostic procedures and clinical treatment. I. Retention problems. Quintessence Int Dent Dig. 1984;15:1031-1044.
4. Bloem TJ, Razzoog ME. An index for assessment of oral health in the edentulous population. Spec Care Dentist. 1982;2:121-124.
5. Felton D, Cooper L, Duqum I, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for the care and maintenance of complete dentures: a publication of the American College of Prosthodontists. J Am Dent Assoc. 2011;142(suppl 1):1S-20S.
6. Christensen GJ. Laboratories want better impressions. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007;138:527-529.
7. Hess L. The biologic and restorative interface: improving periodontal health with contemporary materials and sound restorative dentistry. Contemporary Esthetics and Restorative Practice. 2005;9:46-51.
8. Caffesse RG, Guinard EA. Treatment of localized gingival recessions. Part IV. Results after three years. J Periodontol. 1980;51:167-170.
9. Cranham JC. Making accurate master impressions: Guidelines for predictably capturing the detail and occlusal morphology the laboratory needs to create successful crown-and-bridge restorations. Inside Dentistry. 2012;8:62-68.
10. Terry DA, Leinfelder KF, Lee EA, et al. The impression: a blueprint to restorative success. Inside Dentistry. 2006;2:66-71.
11. Lee EA. Impression material selection in contemporary fixed prosthodontics: technique, rationale, and indications. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2005;26:780-789.
12. Donovan TE, Cho GC. Soft tissue management with metal-ceramic and all-ceramic restorations. J Calif Dent Assoc. 1998;26:107-112.
13. Zitzmann NU, Berglundh T. Definition and prevalence of peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(suppl 8):286-291.
14. Roos-Jansåker AM, Renvert H, Lindahl C, et al. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using a bone substitute with or without a resorbable membrane: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Periodontol. 2007;34:625-632.
15. Smeets R, Henningsen A, Jung O, et al. Definition, etiology, prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis—a review. Head Face Med. 2014;10:34.
16. Atieh MA, Alsabeeha NHM, Faggion CM Jr, et al. The frequency of peri-implant diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol. 2013;84:1586-1598.
17. Ramanauskaite A, Tervonen T. The efficacy of supportive peri-implant therapies in preventing peri-implantitis and implant loss: a systematic review of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2016;7:e12.
18. Szkaradkiewicz KA, Karpinski MT. Microbiology of chronic periodontitis. Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences. 2013;3:14-20.
19. Ericsson I, Berglundh T, Marinello C, et al. Long-standing plaque and gingivitis at implants and teeth in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1992;3:99-103.
20. Salvi GE, Aglietta M, Eick S, et al. Reversibility of experimental peri-implant mucositis compared with experimental gingivitis in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:182-190.
21. Cagna DR, Massad JJ, Daher T. Use of a powered toothbrush for hygiene of edentulous implant-supported prostheses. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2011;32:84-88.
22. Lee EA. Predictable elastomeric impressions in advanced fixed prosthodontics: a comprehensive review. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1999;11:497-504.
23. de Araújo Nobre M, Cintra N, Maló P. Peri-implant maintenance of immediate function implants: a pilot study comparing hyaluronic acid and chlorhexidine. Int J Dent Hyg. 2007;5:87-94.
24. Humphrey S. Implant maintenance. Dent Clin North Am. 2006;50:463-478, viii.
25. Renvert S, Lessem J, Dahlén G, et al. Topical minocycline microspheres versus topical chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to mechanical debridement of incipient peri-implant infections: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2006;33:362-369.
26. Horwitz J, Machtei EE, Zuabi O, et al. Amine fluoride/stannous fluoride and chlorhexidine mouthwashes as adjuncts to single-stage dental implants: a comparative study. J Periodontol. 2005;76:334-340.
27. Sarment DP, Peshman B. Manual of Dental Implants: A Reference Guide for Diagnosis & Treatment. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp; 2004:70-73.
28. Tawse-Smith A, Duncan WJ, Payne AG, et al. Relative effectiveness of powered and manual toothbrushes in elderly patients with implant-supported mandibular overdentures. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29:275-280.
29. Truhlar RS, Morris HF, Ochi S. The efficacy of a counter-rotational powered toothbrush in the maintenance of endosseous dental implants. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000;131:101-107.
30. Vandekerckhove B, Quirynen M, Warren PR, et al. The safety and efficacy of a powered toothbrush in patients with implant-supported fixed prostheses. Clin Oral Investig. 2004;8:206-210.
31. Wolff L, Kim A, Nunn M, et al. Effectiveness of a sonic toothbrush in maintenance of dental implants. A prospective study. J Clin Periodontol. 1998;25:821-828.
32. Felo A, Shibly O, Ciancio SG, et al. Effects of subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation on peri-implant maintenance. Am J Dent. 1997;10:107-110.
33. Ciancio SG, Lauciello F, Shibly O, et al. The effect of an antiseptic mouthrinse on implant maintenance: plaque and peri-implant gingival tissues. J Periodontol. 1995;66:962-965.
34. Allocca G, Pudylyk D, Signorino F, et al. Effectiveness and compliance of an oscillating-rotating toothbrush in patients with dental implants: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Implant Dent. 2018;4:38.
35. Massad J, Verma M, Ahuja SA. Electric toothbrushes for preventing periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Dental Practice. 2019;16:53-56.
36. Massad J, Verma M, Ahuja S. Improving implant survival by implementing the use of an electric toothbrush. Dent Today. 2019;38:68-79.
37. Pader M. Oral Hygiene Products and Practice. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 1988:141-194.
38. Caffesse RG, Nasjleti CJ, Kowalski CJ, et al. The effect of mechanical stimulation on the keratinization of sulcular epithelium. J Periodontol. 1982;53:89-92.
39. Mackenzie IC. Does toothbrushing affect gingival keratinization? Proc R Soc Med. 1972;65:1127-1131.
40. Brill N. Influence of capillary permeability on flow of tissue fluid into gingival pockets. Acta Odontol Scand. 1959;17:23-33.
41. Hanioka T, Nagata H, Murakami Y, et al. Mechanical stimulation by toothbrushing increases oxygen sufficiency in human gingivae. J Clin Periodontol. 1993;20:591-594.
42. Kroone H, Maeda T, Stoltze K, et al. Effect of toothbrush stimulation on temperature of gingival and alveolar mucosae. J Oral Rehabil. 1980;7:97-102.
43. Tautin FS. The beneficial effects of tissue massage for the edentulous patient. J Prosthet Dent. 1982;48:653-656.
44. Tomofuji T, Kusano H, Azuma T, et al. Gingival cell proliferation induced by use of a sonic toothbrush with warmed silicone rubber bristles. J Periodontol. 2004;75:1636-1639.
45. Matsumoto A. Evaluation of usefulness of self-made electronic device for gingival massage. Part I: Effects on changes of gingival blood flow. The Journal of Japan Society for Dental Hygiene. 2008;3:35-40.
46. Kapur K, Shklar G. Effects of a power device for oral physiotherapy on the mucosa of the edentulous ridge. J Prosthet Dent. 1962;12:762-769.
47. Robinson PG, Deacon SA, Deery C, et al. Manual versus powered toothbrushing for oral health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(2):CD002281.
48. Rosema NA, Timmerman MF, Versteeg PA, et al. Comparison of the use of different modes of mechanical oral hygiene in prevention of plaque and gingivitis. J Periodontol. 2008;79:1386-1394.
49. Kurtz B, Reise M, Klukowska M, et al. A randomized clinical trial comparing plaque removal efficacy of an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush to a manual toothbrush by multiple examiners. Int J Dent Hyg. 2016;14:278-283.
50. Kulkarni P, Singh DK, Jalaluddin M. Comparison of efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes in plaque control and gingival inflammation: a clinical study among the population of East Indian region. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2017;7:168-174.
51. Jain Y. A comparison of the efficacy of powered and manual toothbrushes in controlling plaque and gingivitis: a clinical study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2013;5:3-9.
52. Yaacob M, Worthington HV, Deacon SA, et al. Powered versus manual toothbrushing for oral health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(6):CD002281.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Dr. Massad is an associate professor in the department of graduate prosthodontics at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC) College of Dentistry in Memphis; a clinical professor at the University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry in Oklahoma City; an associate faculty at the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine in Boston; an adjunct associate faculty in the department of comprehensive dentistry at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT Health San Antonio) School of Dentistry; and an adjunct professor in the department of restorative dentistry at Loma Linda University in Loma Linda, Calif. He has a private practice in Tulsa, Okla. He can be reached at email@example.com.
Dr. Garcia is dean and a professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Dental Medicine. She was in private practice in Denver early in her career, then served as faculty at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry, as the department chair of prosthodontics at UT Health San Antonio, and as professor and associate dean for education at the University of Iowa College of Dentistry. She can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org.
Dr. Ahuja worked at UTHSC in Memphis as an assistant professor in the department of prosthodontics for 3 and a half years. She has lectured nationally and internationally on various prosthodontic topics at various dental conferences. She has more than 50 publications in peer-reviewed national and international journals and is also the co-author of the textbook Applications of the Neutral Zone in Prosthodontics. She is a consultant scientific writer and a consulting prosthodontist for several private dental clinics in Mumbai, India, and also for NYU Langone Medical Center in New York. She can be reached via email at email@example.com.
DISCLOSURE: Dr. Massad consults with P&G. Drs. Garcia and Ahuja report no disclosures. | <urn:uuid:1eb4129d-400f-42e7-a773-1cf16438d8d7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dentistrytoday.com/optimizing-the-health-of-soft-tissues-to-ensure-success/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.839363 | 5,707 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The curious nasties of the deep blue sea need not be a mystery any more. Northlanders can find out what marine pests are lurking beneath, and how to help stop their spread, at free workshops being offered throughout the region.
Northland Regional Council's biosecurity officer, Jillian Fulcher, is offering to attend community meetings and run the one or two-hour marine pest workshops.
"Marine pests could have one of the greatest impacts on Northland, but it only takes one person to make an enormous difference when it comes to stopping their spread," Ms Fulcher said.
She is offering the free workshops to any interested community groups until the end of October. They will cover an introduction to marine pests, marine pest impacts in Northland, where marine pests prefer to live, as well as how to identify and report them.
Key topics include how to identify the top six worst marine pests - the Northern Pacific Sea Star, European Shore Crab, Chinese Mitten Crab, Asian Clam, a bright green marine algae called Caulerpa taxifolia and the Mediterranean fanworm.
"Marine pests can arrive in Northland via ballast water, poorly maintained boats and slow-moving vessels, so it's important that anyone using our coast ensures their vessel hull is clean when they arrive, and leave," she said.
The NRC wants to encourage regular users of the marine environment to be vigilant. Ms Fulcher said reporting anything different in the marine environment is also really important - noting where you saw it, taking a photograph or collecting a sample and calling the free Ministry for Primary Industries' number 0800 80 99 66.
A marine pest workshop is being offered in Kaitaia on Tuesday from 2.30pm-4.30pm at the Department of Conservation office, 25 Matthews Avenue. Contact Jillian Fulcher on 0800 002 004 to register, or to express interest in another Northland workshop. | <urn:uuid:2cd6bc81-d3a9-4238-86a1-975721a2fe8c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.nzherald.co.nz/northern-advocate/news/article.cfm?c_id=1503450&objectid=11075000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720468.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00487-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944866 | 397 | 2.515625 | 3 |
University of California researchers report that they have found a new class of drugs that could lead to a pain relief treatment for people who have diabetic neuropathy. The drugs, which were successfully tested on lab animals, are anti-inflammatory compounds that inhibit the action of an enzyme called soluble epoxide hydrolase. The enzyme is key to the transmission of pain sensations. Previous research has shown that inhibiting soluble epoxide hydrolase also lowers blood pressure and protects against kidney damage.
Researchers at the University of California, Davis, led by Bora Inceoglu, also report that the compounds produce no apparent side effects.
An estimated half of all advanced diabetes patients suffer from neuropathy, a painful condition caused by damage to the nerves from diabetic inflammation. There are currently no highly effective drugs or other therapies for dealing with the condition. “Our data indicate that this drug candidate is more effective on neuropathic pain caused by diabetes than any of the prescription drugs now on the market,” said Bruce Hammock, the study’s co-author. However, it will be awhile before the new drug is available. FDA protocols for testing and then approving a drug for market can take up to 10 years, and many drugs fail the process.
The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. | <urn:uuid:9accdf4c-976d-4e11-a1e1-d0ab5a4d0ae7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.diabeteshealth.com/type-1-new-drug-class-could-lead-to-neuropathy-relief/?isComment=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00561-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962633 | 266 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Animation Software courses in Karnataka
...To cater to the fast growing animation industry demands the Institute has introduced a 6-month certificate course in Animation Technology. Besides... Learn about: Animation Software, Animation in India...
- 6 Months
...Computer Fundamentals, Windows, Internet, HTML, MS Word, Power Point, Page Maker, Photoshop, Corel DRAW, Illustrator, Flash, Story Board, 2D Animation... Learn about: Animation Programs, Animation Production, Multimedia Animation...
...Animation Human Rig & Animation Rig & Animation for Fish & Birds Dynamics Basics Environment 7 BG Designs Lights, Cameras & N-Cloth Basics Basic & Advanced... Learn about: Animation Making, Animation Software, Animation Programs...
- 10 Months
...Suitable for: Any one After 10 (Pass/ fail) Any one After 10 (Pass/ fail) Diploma in VFX Design & Visualization 2.Diploma in Character Animation (maya)... Learn about: Maya 3D, 3D Studio Max, Animation in India...
- 6 Months
...History, Theory, Techniques and Processing, Image Manipulation 2) Fine Arts: Drawing, Painting, Sculpting, Traditional Illustration, Digital Illustration... Learn about: Animation Making, Animation Programs, Photoshop Effects...
- 3 Years
...observed by pedestrian user of a construction, the softwares donot lock up the viewers to this sight & permit the opportunity of viewing the buildings from all angle... Learn about: Animation Software, Architectural Desktop, Audio Editing...
- 4 Months
...and professional effects and world class animation. This certification program is targeted towards not only teaching our students software skills... Learn about: Photoshop Effects, Animation Programs, Flash Animation...
Bangaloreand 6 other venues
- 5 Months
...Creativity and Problem Solving In this module, students will learn to solve problems creatively, make paradigm shifts in thinking and apply lateral thinking... Learn about: After Effects training, Animation in India, 3d Studio...
- Inhouse in Bangalore
- 6 Months
...Suitable for: Any one, who had Finished thir Animation Coures. Any one, who had Finished thir Animation Coures. Specialization in VFX Photoshop essentials... Learn about: 3D Graphics, Flash Video, Animation Software...
- 3 Months | <urn:uuid:1700921f-9fb8-44ad-849a-1993eb6cb699> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.emagister.in/animation_software_courses_karnataka-kwprov-3243-2148.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00129-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.758763 | 475 | 2.03125 | 2 |
When it comes to the type of forex broker, most of the sources you will find on the web will categorize them under the following conditions: transaction tables, market makers, tables without transactions, directly through processing, direct market access, introduction, and you might be able to find other terms for describe the type of basic broker. Now the question is how to organize all these terms in a meaningful way.
The first thing you have to understand is that it organizes the market for you and who is your trade partner. Regarding this question, two types of FX brokers exist: called transaction table brokers (DD) and non-moving table brokers (NDD). DD brokers are your market, meaning, the broker itself is your trade partner or to put it in other ways, brokers trade against you. You can get more info about forex trading in Kenya online.
Because DD brokers represent the market, they are also called market makers (mm). They got profit from the spread and also from trade. They prefer merchants who lose, traders who fail, because they make a profitable broker.
Winning traders in the broker of the other side forces to hedge in the interbank market, causing them additional fees so that they are not among the most sought-after clients. Of course, the leading FX trading provider manages this professionally, while with more 'exotic' brokers you may be asked to close the account and leave, if you will be too successful. | <urn:uuid:3a7b3e5e-e6c3-4079-8e05-969c1b78120e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sportsdesktopwallpaper.net/tag/metatrader-mobile/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.95453 | 295 | 1.625 | 2 |
To create this easy to make Easter Egg Crown you will need: Large sheet of white card Tape measure Coloured card Corrugated card Patterned papers…
Woven Easter Egg Baskets – Easter Crafts
These simple woven Easter Egg Baskets are perfect as a festive Easter decoration or can be used to collect eggs on an exciting Easter Egg Hunt!
You will need the following:
To make the baskets, follow these easy steps:
- Cut lots of strips from the A4 paper, roughly 2cm wide. Lay five, same coloured strips in a row on a flat surface.
- Take five strips of different coloured paper. Weave the first strip over and under the original five strips of paper. With a second strip, weave it under and over to make a chequered pattern.
- Make sure that the woven part is in the centre of the strips (see image).
- Fold the strips upwards to make the sides of the basket, leaving the woven square as the base.
- Cut the remaining strips of paper in half and continue to weave the sides of the basket.
- On two opposite sides of the box (the yellow sides in the image below), fold the paper edges in on themselves and glue them down. Do the same with all the top edges.
- On the other two sides of the box (green strips in the image below) fold the paper edges in on themselves but only glue the top edges.
- Use the folded tabs to join the sides together.
- Use another strip of paper to make a handle for the basket.
- Fill with tissue and fluffy chicks or eggs.
Tip: Make a stronger version of the basket using coloured card instead of paper. This stronger version will be perfect for an Easter egg hunt!
This great project has been supplied by Creative Steps magazine – fun ideas for everyone caring for young children. Each issue of Creative Steps contains dozens of fun, inspiring ideas to help you encourage learning through creative play.
Get an exclusive 33% discount on an annual subscription with Creative Steps by using promo code EYRXT33 at: https://creativesteps.imbmsubscriptions.com/eyrxt33/. | <urn:uuid:d82a5686-b0d6-4496-b946-887e15e1fdf8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.earlyyearsresources.co.uk/blog/2018/03/woven-easter-egg-basket-crafts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.893289 | 450 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Bohemia’s name comes from a Celtic people known as the Boii, though the Slavic Czechs were firmly established in the region by the 5th or 6th century. Bohemia was briefly subordinated to Greater Moravia in the late 9th century. Saints Cyril and Methodius introduced Christianity into Bohemia from Moravia in the 9th century, and by the 10th century Bohemia had been Christianized and consolidated by the princes of the ruling Přemyslid dynasty. Although they gradually became dependent on the Holy Roman Empire, the Přemyslid rulers were able to attach Moravia to Bohemia and transform them into a viable kingdom. The Přemyslid prince Vratislav II (reigned 1061–92) was the first to obtain from the Holy Roman emperors the title of king of Bohemia as a personal (nonhereditary) privilege, and in 1198 the greatest of the Přemyslids, Otakar I, was named hereditary king of Bohemia, which became a kingdom within the Holy Roman Empire.
Bohemia reached a new peak of political power and economic prosperity under Otakar II, who consolidated control over parts of Austria and waged wars for territory with Hungary, extending Bohemia’s domain to the Adriatic Sea. After 1278, however, when Otakar was killed in an invasion of Austria, Bohemia was soon once again reduced in size and influence, and the Přemyslid dynasty itself came to an end in 1306.
In 1310 the Luxembourg dynasty began its rule of the kingdom of Bohemia, which by the end of the 14th century included Moravia, Silesia, and Upper and Lower Lusatia as well as the province of Bohemia. In 1355 Charles of Luxembourg, the king of Bohemia, became Holy Roman emperor as Charles IV. He is remembered for founding the University of Prague (1348) and for greatly increasing the boundaries and importance of Prague, which he made the capital of the empire. From that time on Prague was a principal centre of intellectual and artistic activity in central Europe.
In the early 15th century, however, Bohemia fell victim to disputes between Roman Catholics and the followers of the Bohemian religious reformer Jan Hus, who was burned as a heretic in 1415. Wars between Bohemian Hussites and the Roman Catholics of Bohemia and Germany engulfed the kingdom until compacts were negotiated in 1436 that granted the more-moderate Hussites (known as Utraquists) some degree of religious freedom and reduced the power of the Roman Catholic Church there.
The Luxembourg dynasty ended in 1437, and, in the disputes over succession that followed, the nobility gained power not only at the expense of the Bohemian monarchy but also over the townspeople and peasants. The latter were deprived of much of their freedom, some being reduced to the level of serfs. Bohemia was ruled rather ineffectively by the Jagiellon dynasty from 1471 to 1526, and in the latter year the Habsburg archduke Ferdinand I of Austria laid claim to the throne, thereby establishing Habsburg rule over Bohemia. A Roman Catholic himself, Ferdinand demonstrated moderation in religious affairs for a time, but eventually he was forced into a confrontation with Protestant forces—as were his immediate successors.
Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content.
Conflicts between Protestants and Roman Catholics culminated in 1618 in a Protestant revolt against the Habsburgs. The Roman Catholic forces of the empire defeated the Bohemian Protestants at the Battle of the White Mountain (November 8, 1620), and the emperor Ferdinand II was able to reassert Habsburg authority over Bohemia. The country lost its status as a kingdom and was henceforth subjected to the absolutist rule of the Habsburgs. Protestantism was suppressed, and most of the population gradually converted to Roman Catholicism. Bohemia was stripped of the two Lusatias in 1635 and of Silesia in the mid-18th century, by which time it had been thoroughly absorbed into the Austrian Empire—a state of affairs that would last until the early 20th century.
Under the Habsburgs, Czech nationalism was suppressed and German was instituted as the language of instruction in grammar schools and the university. After the Czechs of Bohemia and Moravia unsuccessfully revolted against Habsburg rule in 1848, however, serfdom was abolished, and economic power began to pass from the local aristocracy to the middle classes. The Czechs continued to agitate for autonomy within an Austro-Hungarian Empire that would have a federal structure. The Slovaks, who were closely related to the Czechs, also expressed opposition to the Habsburgs, and at the end of World War I the two peoples joined together (1918) to form the Republic of Czechoslovakia, of which Bohemia became the westernmost province and the industrial heartland.
The presence in western Bohemia of many German-speaking citizens (the Sudeten Germans) furnished a pretext for Nazi Germany to occupy Czechoslovakia in the wake of the Munich Agreement (1938), and Bohemia (together with Moravia) became a German protectorate until the Czechoslovak state was restored by the victorious Allies in 1945, at the end of World War II. From 1945 to 1949 Bohemia was once more the westernmost province of Czechoslovakia, but in the latter year it and the other provinces (Moravia and Slovakia) were replaced by new, smaller districts. Bohemia’s long administrative existence thus came to an end.
New from Britannica
The planet Venus goes around the Sun every 224.7 Earth days, but takes 243 Earth days to spin on its axis, making its year shorter than its day.
Czechoslovakia peacefully separated into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993 (an act that came to be known as the Velvet Divorce), with Bohemia comprising the central and western portions of the former. | <urn:uuid:b35d3e09-3371-45e8-be2a-44ec6b4cda4e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bohemia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.973348 | 1,259 | 3.984375 | 4 |
Based in Chavignol, at the foot of the famous Monts Damnés vineyard, Raphaël and Claire Thomas cultivate 9 hectares of vines. Plantings are on three distinct soil types: caillotes, oxfordian limestone giving fine, fruity wines; terres blanches, kimmeridgian chalky marl giving profound, long-ageing wines; and silex, flinty soils giving lively, mineral wines. Each parcel is vinified separately before blending together for the Cuvée Tradition. The Clos des Néores comes from a single plot in the middle of the Monts Damnés and embodies the steep terres blanches terroir. Alongside sauvignon, 25% of the estate's holdings are made up of pinot noir. Vinification is traditional using natural yeasts for prolonged fermentation in old barrels. The wines are allowed 8-10 months maturation on fine lees before bottling. | <urn:uuid:42d4402e-a64e-4763-a711-5c083af94227> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theatreofwine.com/b/66/clos-des-pivotins | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.815399 | 200 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The contest, intended to expand the power and influence of women in the United States by 2030, garnered more than 550 proposals. On July 29, 2021, French Gates and Scott announced the winners: Four initiatives will each receive US$10 million, and two more will get $4 million apiece. In addition to the women formerly married to Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates and Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, Charles and Lynn Schusterman Family Philanthropies is providing some of these funds.
It marks the first official donor collaboration between French Gates and Scott. The money will help boost support for caregivers, get more women and girls to embark on technology careers, support entrepreneurship among Indigenous women, counter intimate-partner violence and train more women to become political leaders.
As experts in women’s giving and giving to women’s and girls’ causes at the Women’s Philanthropy Institute, we believe that this new partnership is significant for three reasons.
1. There is a worldwide effort to increase gender equity
Both donors have previously made causes tied to women and girls a priority in their giving. For example, they signed on as the initial contributors to a Gender Fund, announced on June 28, 2021, that aims to raise $1 billion over the next decade to support organizations, mostly led by women, that operate in low-income countries.
This is, to be clear, an international effort that also includes foreign aid.
A United Nations conference held in Paris in June 2021 drew pledges from countries, individuals and foundations totaling more than $40 billion for causes such as ending forced marriage and bringing about greater parity in pay for women. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which French Gates continues to co-chair following her divorce, said it would contribute $2.1 billion from its coffers toward that global goal.
2. US donors are underfunding these causes
While the $48 million being donated through this contest is a tiny sliver of the $40 billion pledged for these causes, it could send a strong signal to other U.S. donors.
Just 1.6% of philanthropic dollars in America support women’s and girls’ organizations, according to research we have done with our colleagues. This percentage didn’t budge from 2012 to 2017 – the most recent year for which data is available – even though overall charitable giving has grown substantially, reaching $471.44 billion in 2020.
We have also found that organizations serving women and girls tend to be smaller than other charities, both in terms of the money they spend and the number of people they employ.
3. They can boost enthusiasm for giving to causes serving women and girls
French Gates and Scott have the potential to give far more than $48 million to causes like these in the future.
Scott has disclosed having donated at least $8.5 billion since 2020, an amount that represents an estimated 14% of her present net worth. But her wealth continues to grow at an even faster rate – leaving her with more funds to distribute.
The value of the assets French Gates has remains unclear, even now that her divorce is final. As of July 2021, she and her ex-husband had put $65 billion into the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. French Gates also engages separately in philanthropy, venture capitalism and policy-related activities through her own firm, Pivotal Ventures.
[Over 100,000 readers rely on The Conversation’s newsletter to understand the world. Sign up today.]
Together with our colleagues we have found that women and men alike pay attention when women give to women’s and girls’ causes.
That is, French Gates and Scott can do more to increase philanthropy for women and girls than by giving away large portions of their own fortunes. By drawing attention to these donations, they can encourage others – both those with great wealth at their disposal and those of more modest means – to support these causes.
Tessa Skidmore, Research Associate of Philanthropy, Women’s Philanthropy Institute; Doctoral student of Philanthropy, IUPUI and Jacqueline Ackerman, Associate Director of Research, Women’s Philanthropy Institute, IUPUI | <urn:uuid:6b92964b-d44f-4c8b-83ce-ea3aafc4faf1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lifeandnews.com/articles/3-takeaways-from-melinda-french-gates-and-mackenzie-scott-teaming-up-to-fund-womens-and-girls-causes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.964587 | 862 | 2.03125 | 2 |
KARACHI: The Sindh government apart from providing support to Karachi Metropolitan Corporation to beef up its firefighting system is also ready to work with industrial zones and commercial centres in the city to enhance their safety systems so as to tackle any fire or similar disaster.
Sindh Local Government Minister Syed Nasir Hussain Shah stated this while speaking as the chief guest at the 9th Fire Safety & Security Convention-2019, jointly organized by the National Forum for Environment and Health (NFEH) and the Fire Protection Association of Pakistan (FPAP).
He said that the fire safety measures should be fully up to the mark at industrial zones, commercial centres, and multi-storied buildings as people in large number were present at any given time at these places in the city whose safety should be duly ensured in case of a fire incident.
He also said that keeping in view large number of high-rise buildings in Karachi, the Sindh government had purchased a snorkel of international standards for the KMC so as to beef up its firefighting capabilities. He said that similar more snorkels and other firefighting equipment for the KMC and other municipal agencies in rest of the province would also be purchased. He said that it was the responsibility of the government and its relevant agencies that fire safety measures should be adopted in industrial zones, commercial centres, and high-rise buildings, but at times, slackness was observed by the government authorities in fulfilling such obligations.
He further said that Sindh government had been doing its best to upgrade, repair, and improve civic and municipal infrastructure in the city including the provision of the road network, water supply, and sewerage system. The provincial minister said that assistance of the World Bank was being sought in upgrading the civic infrastructure of the city. He said that the garbage disposal campaign launched by the Sindh government for Karachi was not just for one month as it would continue until complete resolution of this issue. | <urn:uuid:62a0342b-0b4f-4977-8020-f04efcf79c50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://archive.pakistantoday.com.pk/2019/11/08/sindh-govt-to-provide-support-to-industries-commercial-centres-in-karachi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.978864 | 395 | 1.570313 | 2 |
The Traditional Observance Lodge
Dennis V. Chornenky
President, Masonic Restoration Foundation
While many Masons may have heard about European Concept lodges, which are themselves a relatively new concept in American Freemasonry, few have heard of the Traditional Observance lodge. Traditional Observance lodges are similar to European Concept lodges in that they also incorporate higher dues, festive boards, a strict dress code and higher standards of ritual, but differ in that they choose to follow a close observance of the traditional initiatic elements of Continental European and South American Freemasonry.
This observance is characterized by a solemn approach to holding stated communications and conferring degrees, the use of the Chamber of Reflection as part of the initiation ceremony, forming the Chain of Union after the meetings, longer time between degrees and the requirement for candidates to present a paper before the lodge on the lessons of each degree prior to advancement. Traditional Observance lodges are also more likely to use the term Agape rather than Festive Board to describe the meal which follows the meetings. Agape is the ancient Greek word for “love,” and in Freemasonry the term signifies a meal eaten in common by a congregation of Masons in token of Brotherly Love.
A non-profit organization working to promote the study and understanding of traditional Freemasonry called the Masonic Restoration Foundation (MRF) provides education and support for Traditional Observance lodges in recognized jurisdictions. The MRF seeks to foster a network of lodges and individuals of strong spiritual and intellectual character that will help preserve the initiatic tradition within American Freemasonry for future generations.
Members of Traditional Observance lodges believe very strongly that the foremost purpose of Freemasonry is to provide an atmosphere where good men can unite together in a common pursuit of virtue in service to God. The “work” of a Traditional Observance lodge is not to review minutes or bills, or plan social or philanthropic activities, but rather to create an atmosphere where the members can learn the lessons of Freemasonry and how they can be inculcated into their daily lives.
This is referred to as Masonic Formation, which is the ever continuing process of spiritual and intellectual formation that all Freemasons must undergo in order to improve themselves in Masonry. This term differs from Masonic Education in that it refers to a process of growth concerned with much more than intellectual faculties. Masonic Formation is the process of fitting the rough ashlar of the imperfect being into the perfect ashlar fit for the divine temple. It is a constant transformation through the use of Masonic symbols, rituals, and teachings.
Everything that occurs in a Traditional Observance lodge is undertaken within this context. Success is viewed as effectively imparting the traditional teachings hidden within Masonic symbols and the spiritual unification of the brethren in such a pursuit. Successful Traditional Observance lodges, though usually maintaining a small membership of less than 50 brothers, retain and engage their members with meaningful human fellowship, stimulating discourse and enriching programs.
Traditional Observance lodges endeavor to make Masonic teachings and philosophy accessible and interesting to the members and do not shy away from dealing with the spiritual issues and questions that many men begin to find more meaningful as they mature. The Traditional Observance lodge seeks to create an ambience where true learning can occur by taking the members inward to the core of their being rather than outward toward the profane elements of life.
A typical meeting of such a lodge may go as follows. The brethren, all properly dressed according to the dress code (at minimum black suit, white shirt and black tie), will arrive at the lodge hall, which will be dimly lit by candlelight, with classical music softly playing in the background. If there is a degree the brethren will maintain complete silence prior to the ceremony. Otherwise they will converse quietly over some light refreshments before entering the lodge room and being properly seated.
Once the lodge officers have ceremoniously marched in and the lodge formally opened, the Worshipful Master will call for a period of silence, usually lasting several minutes. Following this the Master will call for the scheduled papers and pieces of music to be presented in an arranged order. During the meeting there will be no reading of the minutes or any administrative business of any sort (if allowed in the jurisdiction). The music that is presented is usually of a contemplative nature and is viewed as an important component of every meeting as it contributes to the overall beauty and solemnity of the atmosphere. The music is also intended to acquaint the brethren with the spectrum of Masonic music composed during the 18th Century and to educate them on the profound history of the classical musical tradition and its relationship to the Masonic Mysteries.
The presentation of papers is viewed as an essential aspect of the life of the lodge and promotes the continued studyof Masonic lessons by the brethren. The topic of the papers must be relevant to the interests of the lodge and papers of a strictly historical or biographical nature are rarely entertained in the lodge room, though they may be presented during the Agape. Topics considered appropriate for the lodge room are symbolism, initiation, ritual, metaphysics, philosophy and art. These topics and their relationship to Masonry can be found in the context of the major world religions, esoteric movements such as Gnosticism, Hermeticism, Neoplatonism, Rosicrucianism, Kabbalah and many other Western and Eastern traditions.
Before closing the lodge the Worshipful Master will call for another period of silence. Once the lodge has been formally closed the brethren will gather around the altar for a ceremony known as the Chain of Union, which is meant to symbolize the common commitment to Masonic ideals and connection with other Masons from all over the world. The brethren will then retire to the Agape, which is usually a catered meal with formal toasts and where a discussion of the main paper presented earlier will take place. In conclusion, Traditional Observance lodges give their members the opportunity to partake in a ritual and sociability that they cannot find anywhere else. Traditional Masonry allows brothers to move their minds from the mundane to the mystical, away from life’s petty particulars to attention on its transcendent meaning. While Traditional Freemasonry may not appeal to everyone, it is proving to be a success in more and more jurisdictions around the United States. | <urn:uuid:f453160a-29ad-4bbe-85b8-13cbc53c519e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://skirret.com/papers/ugle_gli.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.946755 | 1,282 | 2.1875 | 2 |
BRUSSELS — The U.S. military was pulling its warplanes from front-line missions Monday and shifting to a support role in the Libyan conflict, officials said.
Britain, France and other NATO allies will now provide the fighter jets for intercept and ground-attack missions that enforce a no-fly zone over this North African country.
The hand-over is expected to take place later Monday, a NATO official said.
"There won't be a capabilities gap," said the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because of regulations.
Another official, who could not be named for the same reason, said the U.S, would continue to play a major role in the operation, with one of the largest national contingents. Most U.S. planes will perform switch to support tasks, leaving offensive tasks to their NATO allies.
In Washington, Defense Department spokesman Navy Capt. Darryn James said U.S. activity will formally end at 2200 GMT (6 p.m EDT.)
U.S. aircraft currently account for 90 of the 206 planes deployed by NATO in the Libyan conflict.
Secretary of Defense Robert Gates told Congress last week the U.S. would continue to provide assets that others don't have in sufficient numbers. These will likely include AWACS air surveillance planes, electronic reconnaissance aircraft and aerial refueling tankers.
American air power — including Air Force AC-130 gunships and A-10 Thunderbolts and Marine Corps AV-8B Harriers — will still be available to back up the allies in case of need.
Western jets have been hitting the forces of Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi for more than two weeks. They initially targeted anti-aircraft missile defenses and quickly crushed a government offensive by destroying a large number of tanks, armored vehicles, artillery and other vehicles advancing into rebel-held areas.
But military experts say Gadhafi's forces have rapidly reorganized since then, shedding their heavy armor and relying on light forces to harry and repeatedly ambush the lightly armed rebels.
NATO said its aircraft flew 154 sorties over Libya on Sunday, the fourth day since the alliance assumed full control over the mission from the U.S.-led international force. It described 58 of those flights as "strike sorties."2 comments on this story
NATO does not release information on the number of targets bombed.
In the first four days of the NATO operation, alliance aircraft have flown a total of 701 sorties, the statement said.
Flights by fighters and attack jets accounted for 40 percent of that total. The rest are by AWACS surveillance aircraft, aerial refueling tankers, maritime patrol planes, search and rescue helicopters and other support aircraft.
Associated Press writer Pauline Jelinek in Washington contributed to this report. | <urn:uuid:ff241360-57cf-432d-bcf7-ec37addac92a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700124261/US-to-withdraw-strike-jets-from-Libya-mission.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00538-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946947 | 574 | 1.703125 | 2 |
You know you're nervous in that job interview, but does the hiring manager know? If any of these red flags are happening, it's probably apparent. Here's how to deal with each.
1. You're sweating profusely. Sweating is always a dead giveaway that you're nervous, and for many, it's hard to keep from doing it. The best you can do is expect the worse (buckets of sweat) and plan around it.
Ramon Santillan, founder of Persuasive Interview, suggests: "If you are waiting for you to be called in for the interview and you still have sweaty palms, ask for a cold cup of water. This will help you lower your body temperature and help your sweaty palms."
Also, take a napkin or handkerchief with you so you can subtly wipe your sweaty hands during the interview. "If you do not have a napkin nearby and you really have sweaty palms and you are wearing a suit jacket, wipe your palms on the left inside part of your blouse/shirt," Santillan says. "Why there? Most people will wipe it on their pants and if it is really sweaty, it will leave a mark until it dries. Don't believe me? I've seen it with my own eyes on people whom I've interviewed for my positions. If you wipe it inside your suit jacket, the jacket will actually cover up the stain."
2. You stutter or fumble over your words. If you find yourself not saying much at all, or stumbling over your words, you're nervous. Take a deep breath. The hiring manager knows you might be nervous and won't fault you for that. You can circumvent much of the verbal stumbles by practicing common interview questions beforehand, which can help you smoothly speak when asked questions.
3. You talk too much and too fast. Other people simply talk 90 to nothing when they get nervous. And yes, employers notice. If you're prone to fast talk, or can't shut up, take a deep breath and deliberately slow down. Press a fingernail into your palm whenever you find yourself mindlessly chattering - it can serve as a reminder to stop.
4. You show up late ... or really early. It might not seem like a sign of nervousness, but arriving for your interview either really late or really early might indicate that you're over-anxious. Map out your route to the company the day before, going so far as to actually drive it if you want. Plan for worst-case traffic and give yourself twice as long to get there.
If you do arrive extra early, don't check in for your appointment. It may make the hiring manager uncomfortable for you to be waiting for her. Stay in your car and practice your interview answers, or walk around the parking lot, taking deep breaths.
5. You wildly gesticulate. If you tend to wave your hands around more than usual during an interview, you may come across as over the top or overly nervous. While you don't want to be as obvious as sitting on your hands, you do want to curb your hand action. Do your best to clasp your hands in your lap, and if you find yourself waving them around, bring them back to home base.
6. You blush. Blushing is common for a lot of people when they're in emotional (or nervous) situations. It's not as easy to keep from blushing, but visualize your body cooling down and see if that helps. Also, blushing tends to happen when you're more self-conscious, so if you stop thinking so hard about what the hiring manager thinks, you may find your blush fades away. Or you could point it out with a little joke - calling attention to what you consider a flaw can diffuse the situation and put you at ease. Chances are, the hiring manager didn't even notice.
Lindsay Olson is a founding partner and public relations recruiter with Paradigm Staffing and Hoojobs.com, a niche job board for public relations, communications, and social media jobs. She blogs at LindsayOlson.com, where she discusses recruiting and job search issues.
More From US News & World Report | <urn:uuid:17bf61f9-1df1-45d8-8776-bcf76a6b7af4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://finance.yahoo.com/news/6-body-language-tells-ruin-132035036.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00302-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968759 | 863 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Last week I observed a tired classroom. My English 101 class looked bored and uninterested in the discussion we were having. I observed one student intently working on a crossword puzzle. He was engaged. Another student was sneaking a peek at her mobile device every so often and then quickly looked back in my direction. She was almost engaged. Some students were simply staring at me so intently that I assumed they had painted eyes on the exterior of their eyelids.
Quick. React. What do you do hot shot? What. Do. You. Do?
There have been many conversations about transforming classrooms and in fact just one this week on transforming the entire educational system in #edchat. Change can be overwhelming for anyone, whether you are a new teacher or if you are a year away from retirement, but what is a good pace for change in our classrooms? Do we really need to overhaul the entire system overnight or simply take a micro approach and create small, incremental steps within our own classroom?
I came home from class and watched several videos by Michael Wesch, scanned Twitter for insight, and put on some music to ease my troubled mind. Then I reacted. I did not have time to sit around and wait. These students needed me and I was not living up to my personal standards. I took those tired faces and placed them around my computer monitor and reexamined my approach to English 101. Here's what we did.
Without disrupting the progression of the classroom too much, I decided to present the class with some new expectations for the class. I added a class wiki to facilitate our new path. Here is my list of expectations:1. Have fun
I hope that this project will make writing a paper a more engaging process. Many times, students go through the motions in pursuit of the grade while missing out on the learning. This is where I hope this project will take us in a different direction. Too many times in higher education grades are obtained and learning is left behind. This is where that routine changes. I want you to become an expert on the issue you are covering and enjoy the process of research and writing.2. Learn beyond the walls
Every week we enter our classroom and shut the door. There are no windows, one computer, and eight outlets. However, most of you possess devices that connect you to the outside world and to numerous contacts. Some of you are probably reading this on a mobile device. What is wrong with this picture? It is a skewed vision of what learning should be. Therefore, this project will take our class beyond the walls and windowless concrete and carry us into a world that is constantly connected and moving.3. Expand your audience
I read your paper. I edit your paper. I grade your paper. Yawn. While I am an objective, worthy audience, I am simply one person. Today's student has the ability to reach out to millions on a daily basis and simply ask, "Is this good?" This project will present many windows to your work and engage you in a learning community beyond the walls of the Science Center. Learning should be transparent and open. Please allow others to collaborate with you as we engage in a new learning community.4. Collaborate
One of our best resources as learners is our ability to connect. We can connect like never before and have the opportunity to engage with others from around the world on a daily basis. If we can learn anything from the web 2.0 generation it is that the ability to share and learn from each other is limitless.5. Deconstruct an issue transparently
This project will open up your research and allow others to see how you are progressing. This project will model an environment of constructive criticism and intellectual discourse. There is no room for bullying or inappropriate criticism. This environment will employ transparency so that we can share and learn from each other.6. Make many mistakes along the way
Unlike traditional assignments where mistakes are marked wrong, this project will mark your mistakes as learning steps. I encourage you to take risks and seek out information beyond what you think may or may not be right. In this forum, being right is hardly the end goal. Rather, the pursuit of greater understanding while exercising all of your options within a moral and ethical framework.7. Share
What happens when you take notes within a notebook? You eventually close that notebook and put it into a bag, or drawer. Only you possess that information. This is hardly the way our world works today and hardly the way we will conduct our research for this project. By conducting research that is transparent, it will allow us to use a variety of sources and learn from each other.8. Provide Constructive Criticism
One of the benefits of transparent learning is the ability to not only receive feedback from the instructor but to seek feedback from a much larger audience. This community we are creating will allow us to bounce ideas and critique work as we progress. While I will also take part in this critique, I urge you to consult your classmates for feedback and suggestions.9. Eat a sandwich
A sandwich is like a well-constructed argumentative essay. It contains many layers but is constructed in a central...Ok, I can't continue with this nonsense. Just make a sandwich and enjoy it.10. Engage Others
This type of work will require you to engage an audience and be a participatory learner. It is hard to sit back and coast in this format and will require each student to be an active participant in the learning process. I look forward to learning from each of you and creating a community of resources.
After I made this list, I sat back and imagined the project unfolding. What did this student learn from my English 101 class? How are they different? My learning objectives were clearly stated from the beginning, but I wanted more for them. I wanted them to go beyond reading critically, critical analysis, evaluating a writing task for purpose, audience, etc. I wanted them to not only write about this world, but also engage with it. My hope is that they understand that learning can take on various forms. The classroom is only one learning environment.
No matter the level of teaching experience we have all encountered moments where we feel disconnected from our students. This hardly means we are an awful teacher and need to forget everything we have learned and start over, but simply react. Find the best way to connect with students and realize that not all connections will suit every student. Connections can be made through a variety of ways. The key is not to overhaul the entire system, but simply adapt and change as you progress. Set a course for learning and be prepared for rough seas. Create a practical alternative or adaptation that blends elements of what we have been doing and what we would like to do better. The connections will follow. | <urn:uuid:5dd04657-2a6f-40c3-b357-923045f1db5f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.edutopia.org/blog/reengaging-students-andrew-marcinek?page=19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718278.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00241-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966169 | 1,383 | 2.296875 | 2 |
KB Royal is the newest annual ryegrass from our friends at KB Seed Solutions. This variety has been bred especially for cover crop applications. KB Supreme is a deep rooting annual ryegrass that scavenges nitrogen and other left over nutrients, converting them into an organic form that will keep them from leaching through the winter. This nutrient cycling translates into bigger harvests and better profits.
- The newest annual ryegrass
- Exceptional root growth
- Especially bred for cover crops
- More consistent winter hardiness
- Available in blue tag certified
Annual Ryegrass establishes very rapidly, which gives high productivity in the planting season. Annual ryegrass is one of the best choices for overseeding warm season pastures cover crop because of its versatility, ease of establishment, amazing root system, and incredible nutrient scavenging abilities. It is an excellent soil builder, great at erosion control and weed suppression. The massive root system can add 5000 – 9000 lbs of organic material per acre, growing down to 54 inches, providing channels for air, water, and following crop root systems. Farmers have reported corn root zones down to nearly 5 feet following ryegrass. Annual ryegrass is best suited for grazing or harvest as silage. Annual Ryegrass is also used as a cover crop all across the Midwest.
Drill at 15-25 lbs/Acre, 1/4 to 3/8 inch deep or fly on into standing corn at the higher rate. You can also broadcast onto bare soil and roll with a cultipacker. Seed 40 days before killing frost date to help protect from winter kill. Annual ryegrass rates in mixes can be cut to 8-15 lbs.
Annual ryegrass has extremely fast emergence and establishes quickly on a variety of soil types. It works well alone or in mixes. In severe winter conditions, annual ryegrass can winter kill, but roots have usually grown down 24-32 inches, sequestering leftover nutrients and providing a good start for the following crop. Incorporation will work to kill ryegrass if it is completely covered. If using glyphosate, apply a full rate when the days are warm, averaging over 50°F and the grass is growing vigorously.
Tags: Byron Seeds, KB Supreme Byron, Seeds, Supreme | <urn:uuid:970c084d-3a98-465a-9b04-3a7d5d4b96d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.forageseeds.com/product/byron-seeds-kb-supreme-annual-ryegrass-seed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.932019 | 504 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Leading such busy lifestyles, we are all guilty of indulging in artificial energisers like coffee to get us through the day. But there are plenty of natural ways to give your body a boost and keep you brimming with energy all day long. Why not try replacing some of those artificial energisers with some natural ones that will have a far greater impact on your life for longer.
Getting A Good Night’s Sleep
You just can’t put enough emphasis on what a decent night’s sleep can do for your energy levels. If you have a good night’s sleep, then it really will set you up for the day, and mean those afternoon slumps are a thing of the past.
We’ve all stayed in luxury hotels with beds you simply sink into and fall instantly asleep, but that doesn’t have to be just for special occasions. Investing in a high quality, luxury mattress, whether you’re buying mattresses in Melbourne  or New York City, will do wonders for your sleep quality, meaning you start and end each day in perfect comfort and feel energised.
Don’t skip breakfast
Too many people skip breakfast, which can have a detrimental effect on your energy levels for the rest of the day and also dictate the types of food you opt for to perk you up. Eating a healthy and nutritional breakfast, such as porridge or muesli topped with fresh fruits, will not only fill you up, but give you slow releases of energy throughout the morning to prevent you from snacking on unhealthy foods that are full of sugar. These quick fix foods will no doubt give you a boost in the energy levels with the release of sugars into your bloodstream, but the high is short lived and can leave you feeling sluggish again sooner rather than later. If you do need a little snack, try a banana or some dried fruit and nuts to keep hunger at bay, as they will give a longer lasting energy boost.
Exercise Means Energy
Another great way to naturally give your body more energy is through regular exercise. You don’t need to run 10km each day, but exercising for 30 minutes a day at least three times a week can leave you feeling invigorated and revitalised. This is because when you exercise you release endorphins into the brain, which stimulates your body and mind, making you feel more positive and energised throughout the day. It will also help you look and feel healthier too, which naturally helps improve self-esteem and motivation levels as well.
Cut Down On The Caffeine
Now, we’re not telling you to cut out caffeine altogether, as for many it’s an essential part of the day. A morning cup of coffee can work wonders to start the day and give you the energy boost you need to get going. However, you should definitely replace some of the caffeine you consume with water or other natural fruit juices, as too much caffeine in the blood system can have the opposite effect.
Many drinks that contain caffeine such as coffee, tea and energy drinks are in fact diuretics, which means they encourage your body to produce more urine, which can in turn dehydrate you. If you’re feeling dehydrated you are likely to feel more tired, so it’s a good idea to replace some of your caffeinated drinks with water.
By making a few simple changes to your routine and cutting out the artificial energisers, you can have a dramatic impact on how energised you feel, especially knowing that it all comes from natural enhancers too. | <urn:uuid:86502f97-b99d-4aad-a337-087ebfd42c73> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.makingdifferent.com/replacing-artificial-energisers-natural-ones/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718296.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00538-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950043 | 735 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Douglas County has an alarming problem with domestic abuse, stalking, and sexual assault. In one recent year alone, according to the Department of Human Services, the county called in domestic violent reports 2,316 times. The county also reported 27 instances of stalking and 161 calls of sexual assault.
UCC’s Veronica Joyce is trying to reduce these crimes and help the people hidden behind the numbers. As part of her efforts, she is putting on “A Window Between Worlds:” A Kiss is Not a Promise” Monday, Feb. 11 and Wednesday, Feb. 13 from 10:30 a.m. until 1 p.m. in the Student Center.
“Everybody has different boundaries, and a kiss means different things to different people. This project facilitates how to have that conversation, Joyce said. “People are not wrong about what intimacy means to them or what their sexual boundaries are, but it is important that there is consent,” Veronica Joyce said.
Oregon sexual consent laws are complex. Consent is important because, without it, sexual violence is being committed. According to Oregon Laws, the age of consent is 18 years old. If individuals are 17 years old or younger, they are not legally able to consent to sexual activity. Intimacy with them may be “statutory rape,” if prosecuted. Statutory rape in Oregon is defined as “sexual contact with an individual who is below the legal age of consent.” Rape in the first degree is defined as “a person who has sexual intercourse with another. The person commits the crime of rape in the first degree if the victim is subjected to forcible compulsion by person, if the victim is under 12 years of age, if the victim is under 16 years of age and the person’s sibling or whole or half blood or the person’s child or person’s spouse’s child; or if the victim is incapable of consent by reason of mental defect, mental incapacitation or physical helplessness.”
Consent plays an important role in what makes up a healthy relationship, according to Joyce. The Kiss is Not a Promise project is intended to help students learn how to have the conversation about boundaries and the importance of consent within their relationships. The Battered Persons Advocacy will provide materials about healthy relationships and consent at the event.
Joyce is also a CARE advocate for Douglas County’s Battered Persons Advocacy board. “The Battered Persons Advocacy is always available to help people with domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking. These are the three mission statements of ours. Additionally, art programs (such as “A Window Between Worlds”) help people with trauma,” Joyce said.
For more information regarding this event, contact Veronica Joyce at 541-440-7866 or visit the information booth at the Student Center on Campus. | <urn:uuid:91464230-5e70-495e-b15f-0acd2248d4db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mainstreamonline.org/a-kiss-is-not-a-promise/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.946298 | 594 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Fluoride awareness is growing as more people are discovering the dangers associated with the use and consumption of fluoride. Whether it be the link between fluoride and the increased prominence of Alzheimer’s, or the link to cancer, people are realizing the archaic and uneducated use of fluoride is not the best choice given what we know today. There are alternatives!
A couple of years ago I made a short documentary to help spread the word as I was learning more about Fluoride. It is called Fluoride: The Hard to Swallow Truth. This film got a request to be in a film festival recently and I am writing this post to help spread the word and share this film globally while it’s in the festival. I have to admit that there are a couple of areas in the film that I wish I could adjust slightly. For example when I talk about the use of Fluoride in Nazi concentration camps, I want to be clear that this is alleged and still awaiting full proof. I also want to be clear that used topically (not in water fluoridation), Fluoride, in some cases, can help to harden enamel. But let’s also be clear that the absolute right amount needs to be used for efficacy, and even at that you are taking in a cumulative poison.
Below is a link to the film in the festival. I would love it if you could help out the film by viewing it and sharing it with the world! Already this film has been doing very well and getting a lot of attention in the festival. This has been great for the message!
Hey, name’s Joe and you are currently engaged in what I’m passionate about, Collective Evolution. I am a creator of CE and have been heavily at it for 4 years. I love inspiring others to make change and am excited to play an active role in making this all happen. Hands down the only other thing I am this passionate about is baseball. Email me: firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:742607eb-1206-4de6-bd7a-1f6d5381f045> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.activistpost.com/2013/07/fluoride-hard-to-swallow-truth.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00247-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964773 | 416 | 1.898438 | 2 |
In Pennsylvania, a contract is different from a normal agreement in that the parties to a contract intend their agreement to have legal effect. Contracts might be oral or written, as long as both parties have the same understanding of the terms of the agreement. A written contract is usually preferred by most businesses, because that make the agreements more reliable. Contracts may involve legal principles, so they are best formed with a clear understanding of the law.
Negotiating a Contract in Mahanoy City
Negotiating the particular terms of a contract is crucial. There are several terms that should be included in every Mahanoy City contract to ensure that the agreement protects the interests of the parties. Stating intentions clearly in the early stages of negotiations can lead to a contract that includes clearer terms. To conclude, the contracts that are easiest to enforce have clauses that decide how to handle disputes.
Using a Form Contract
Form contracts can serve as a good starting point for a sound agreement. Lawyers in Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania often keep past contracts on file, and can add or remove clauses based on the situation. They can also reword the specific language of form contracts to make them more clear. If the parties attempt to use a form contract without an attorney's advice, there may be risks. First, form contracts have the tendency to go unread. Any party who does not carefully review all the contract clauses can be left unaware of their obligations under the contract. Second, form contracts will often contain language that is difficult to understand outside the legal community. This can cause disagreement over the meaning of a clause. An attorney can ensure that a written contract matches the intent of the parties, both with form contracts and in negotiations. In Mahanoy City, many Lawyers specialize in Pennsylvania contract law. | <urn:uuid:ba505612-a5ef-438b-ae9c-c17472980b73> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businessattorneys.legalmatch.com/PA/Mahanoy-City/contract-drafting.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.965593 | 359 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Books & Music
Food & Wine
Health & Fitness
Hobbies & Crafts
Home & Garden
News & Politics
Religion & Spirituality
Travel & Culture
TV & Movies
Asthma is a condition that affects many children in our communities and schools. Families raising children newly diagnosed with asthma have many questions and concerns that increase their anxiety about their child's quality of life, health and safety. Children who are growing up with asthma deserve the best information and support we can find for them, including awareness of the side effects of medications. Although our sons and daughters can be taught to take increasing responsibility for maintaining their health as they grow up, it is important that we assure them that it's okay to feel overwhelmed or want to take a vacation from that responsibility occasionally. Offering more support as well as greater independence may be appreciated by our children depending on how they are feeling and what they want to do.
Browse at your local bookstore, public library, art store or online retailer for products and books for Children with Asthma
Asthma Communication Network
AIM - Explaining Asthma to a Child
Information for Parents
FAQs for Children, Teens and Adults
Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America
Asthma in Infants
Symptoms of an Asthma Emergency in Infants
How is Asthma Diagnosed in Babies and Toddlers?
How is Asthma Treated in Very Young Children?
NJMRC Respiratory Disorders Forum
Diagnosing Asthma and Reactive Airways Disease
Family Village Resources for Asthma and Allergies
Find information on home pollutants, household products and everyday items that may trigger an asthma attack or allergic reaction at the American Lung Association Health House
CPAP snoring machine helping asthma patients breathe
Content copyright © 2015 by Pamela Wilson. All rights reserved.
This content was written by Pamela Wilson. If you wish to use this content in any manner, you need written permission. Contact Pamela Wilson for details.
Website copyright © 2016 Minerva WebWorks LLC. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:ab8e8957-357f-4247-9534-571c7c119a70> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art19418.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00551-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899859 | 419 | 2.78125 | 3 |
That’s what Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed to do, building a car that looks enough like a Cobra to fool most people. Talk about Government Motors.
The facility that refined uranium for the Manhattan Project used 3D-printing technology to make a Cobra out of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic — and then added an electric powertrain. So it’s like the child of an original Cobra and a BMW i3.
The electric Cobra project was done to demonstrate Oak Ridge’s Big Area Additive Manufacturing technology, which the lab says could bring a whole new meaning to the phrase “rapid prototyping.”
Oak Ridge claims this process saves energy, and allows for crash-absorbing structures to be printed right into the bodywork of a car.
The car was actually unveiled at the Detroit Auto Show back in January, but we think it’s still worth highlighting as a decidedly cool use of an emerging technology that many believe may change the way cars are designed.
Designing a car, or even a single component, takes a long time. New cars are still typically modeled as full-size clay mockups, and when they go into production various dies, molds, and tools have to be setup to turn the related shapes into metal, plastic, or carbon fiber.
3D printing could cut some time from that process, making it easier for designers to make changes on the fly, or to update cars outside of the traditional four-year refresh cycle.
In addition, since it uses less material, 3D printing cuts down on waste. 3D printers are also less complex than the machines traditionally used to make car parts, which could allow for smaller factories.
While you won’t be able to buy the Oak Ridge Cobra, Local Motors is trying to put a 3D-printed electric car into production. The firm has demonstrated printing of its open-top Strati in both Chicago and Detroit.
The Strati is made from ABS plastic rather than carbon fiber, but virtually everything on it aside from the powertrain and running gear is 3D-printed. Local hopes to put the car on sale later this year, pending approval by Federal regulators.
- AMD is bringing 3D V-Cache back to Ryzen 7000 — but there’s a twist
- AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D beats predecessor, but AMD promised more
- AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D details leak, and there’s some bad news
- AMD’s revolutionary 3D V-Cache chip could launch very soon
- AMD teases performance of its revolutionary 3D V-cache chip | <urn:uuid:6c62e3c1-3200-4c81-bb8f-76012e276027> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.digitaltrends.com/cars/shelby-cobra-replica-3d-printed-at-oak-ridge-national-lab/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.943543 | 547 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Although cotton production is projected to increase by 5 per cent in 2021, it is unlikely to return to 2019 levels. Demand on the other hand, is expected to outpace supply leading to a rise in global cotton prices. As per a World Bank report, the global average price of raw cotton will rise to $1.72 per kg in 2021.
Favorable weather, increase in area to boost cultivation
The main factors driving up prices rise is increasing demand from global markets, says Indexbox’s new report ‘World Cotton Lint-Market Analysis-Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights’. It states, favorable weather conditions and increase in area under cotton cultivation will boost yields in the US by 523 tons, in Brazil by 436 tons, Australia 239 tons and Pakistan 174 tons during the year. On the other hand, production in China will decline giving way to India to increase its share of cotton production to 24 per cent. Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Turkey and China will be the major demand drivers of cotton lint in 2021. China in particular, will step up imports as local production will not be able to meet domestic demand.
Recycling technologies to curb water consumption
In 2021, growth in cotton market will be challenged by strong competition from other natural and functionally similar materials such as hemp or flax as well as synthetic textile materials. Farmers will prefer growing hemp for its convenience and lower water consumption. Also, cotton requires large amounts of pesticides and is often grown by countries employing forced labor. This compels many apparel manufacturers to divert their supply chains towards more ethical suppliers. In order to make cotton production more sustainable, industry leaders need to introduce a new cost-effective recycling method that also reduces water consumption.
India’s cotton exports decline in 2020
In 2020, India’s cotton lint exports decreased for first time since 2016 by 9.2 per cent. India exported 965,000 tons of cotton lint during the year followed by Brazil which exported 865,000 tons. Together, the two countries made up 23 per cent of global cotton lint exports. They were followed by other exporters including Benin, Greece, Cote d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Australia and Uzbekistan which together made up 19 per cent of total exports.
The US was the largest exporter of cotton lint during the year in value terms. It exported 46 per cent of global cotton lint followed by India and Brazil. The average price of cotton lint exports declined 6.9 per cent in 2020 to $1,616 per tons. Nigeria commanded the highest price for cotton lint exports at $2,222 per tons followed by Uzbekistan whose exports were priced at $1,823 per ton and India whose cotton lint exports fetched $1,501 per ton.
China the largest cotton lint importer
After growing for nearly three years, cotton lint imports declined by 16.8 per cent to 7.1 million tons in 2020. Value also declined to $12.2 billion during the year. With 1.9 million tons, China was the largest importer of cotton lint during the year followed by Vietnam with 945 tons and Pakistan 819 tons. Together the three countries along with Turkey and Indonesia imported 79 per cent of world’s cotton lint. In value terms, China imported 29 per cent of global cotton lint. Imports amounted to $ 3.6 billion second largest importer Vietnam imported $1.4 billion. Pakistan was the third largest importer of cotton lint with a 12 per cent share.
The average price of cotton lint imports declined 5.3 per cent in 2020 to $1,706 per tons. India’s imports were priced highest at $1,979 per ton followed by China at $1,929 per ton, Viet Nam at $1,486 per ton and Turkey at $1,519 per ton were amongst the lowest. | <urn:uuid:4b869b5d-4555-42c6-a539-f65059b9d822> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fashionatingworld.com/new1-2/global-cotton-prices-to-rise-to-1-72-per-kg-in-2021 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.931727 | 817 | 2.125 | 2 |
+7 (495) 230-22-32
Moscow, Tvardovskogo 8 str. 1
Antiretroviral therapy Phosphazid, lamivudine and EFV: portability and undesirable effects
Purpose: to evaluate the tolerability and adverse affects of antiretroviral therapy (APT) with the use of domestic product Phophazid.
Patients and methods: the study included 23 patients in the age of 19-39 years with HIV-infection under the supervision of the Centre for the prevention of AIDS city of Perm in 2008 - 2009. Many of them are women and 5 (22%) men C3 ('6%) and 4B (11 %j stages of HIV infection (V.V. Pokrovskiy, 2006) for 48 weeks patients take treatment according to national Protocol treatment of HIV-infection in adults FAZT-ZTS+EFV Фосфазид; (FAZT. никавир) (NRTI class) manufacture «LLC - AZT PHARMA TO B.» derivative fosfaurilirovannoe AZT, used per os in the form of tablets on 0 4 grams twice a day. Lamivudine (CCTV) and efavirenz <EFV) were used in standard doses Observation of the tolerability of drugs and undesirable effects was carried out in the dynamics of the infection process with research гемограммы and biochemical blood analysis performed after 4 weeks and then every 3 months with the help of гемоанализатора MEK-7222 and on automated analyzer Coneiab 20 with ионосепективным unit.
Results: the treatment of фосфазидом, lamivudine and EFV showed a high virological and immunological effectiveness, was divided all patients without any clinical and laboratory adverse events. Of the therapy has also contributed to the relief of anemia, already after 4 weeks in patients, there was an increased level of hemoglobin with 110.8 + 2,23 l to 123,8 + 2.59 (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: the use of APT with the inclusion of the domestic product фосфазид demonstrated good tolerance and no unwanted effects.
Ivanova E.S., Vorobyova H.H Khafizov K.M.
The regional center for prevention and control of AIDS and infectious diseases, Perm;
Perm state medical Wagner Academy. | <urn:uuid:cab38bc6-c5bc-46ca-b8d6-248039d787ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aztpharma.ru/en/articles/antiretrovirusnaya_terapiya_fosfazidom_lamivudinom_i_efavirenzom_perenosimost_i_negelatelnie_effekti | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.83833 | 586 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Following a series of derailments, spills, and deadly explosions, the US Department of Transportation (DOT) proposed new regulations this summer for the shipment of certain types of crude oil over the nation's railways. DOT received nearly 150,000 public comments and late last year Congress set a Friday deadline for the department to issue its final rules.
DOT said this week it doesn't expect to publish them until May, which has provoked the ire of Congress.
"I'm extremely concerned that the Department of Transportation is set to miss the deadline I set to issue new safety rules for tank cars," Senator Patty Murray, a Democrat representing Washington State, told VICE News. "The fact of the matter is that these trains are transporting flammable goods with old, outdated, and potentially dangerous tank cars. That's unacceptable, and the Department owes our communities and the environment new safety measures."
Senator Susan Collins, a Republican from Maine and chairwoman of the Senate appropriations committee overseeing transportation, said she is likely to raise the issue with Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx during an upcoming budget hearing.
Regardless of the delay, environmentalists and rail industry watchdogs say the department's draft regulations from the summer hinted that the DOT's final rules are unlikely to provide sufficient oversight of oil-by-rail transport.
"This administration has shown that it does not intend to regulate the railroads," Fred Millar, an independent railroad consultant, told VICE News. "What we've got is the pretense of government regulations."
The rulemaking process has centered on oil shipments from the Bakken formation, located primarily in North Dakota, where production has boomed over the past decade and helped to push the United States to the top of the world's oil producing nations. But, as oil production outstripped pipeline capacity, more and more oil from the Bakken has been delivered to refineries around the country by train.
The number of tanker cars on US rails jumped from 9,500 carloads in 2008 to 415,000 in 2013, according to the DOT. The Congressional Research Service reported that 258,541 carloads of crude traveled over the nation's railroads in the first half of 2014.
An aging type of tanker car called a DOT-111 is the primary vehicle for transporting Bakken crude. New York Senator Charles Schumer, a Democrat, has called the DOT-111 a "ticking time bomb."
In the last two years, DOT-111s carrying Bakken oil have been involved in major explosions in Casselton, North Dakota; Lynchburg, Virginia; and Lac-Megantic, Quebec, where the conflagration killed 47 people and destroyed much of the town. In Philadelphia, a DOT-111 derailed on a bridge, dangling over the Schuylkill River and Interstate 76 for several days before its operator, CSX, was able to set it upright.
The Transportation Department has presented different options of what its final rules might entail. It could require rail companies to retrofit a subset of older DOT-111s or phase out their use altogether. The department also proposed limiting the allowable speed at which trains could travel through populated areas and requiring companies to inform local emergency personnel that hazardous cargo would be transported through their jurisdictions.
The American Association of Railroads welcomed the proposed regulations, saying many of them were measures its members had previously agreed to implement voluntarily.
Critics of the industry, however, fear the final regulations are likely to fall short of what is needed to avoid future derailments, spills, or catastrophic explosions.
"We're talking about high volumes of hazardous material," Sean Dixon of Riverkeeper told VICE News. "It's not contained behind a fence or guarded off but moving past schools, through downtowns, and over drinking water supplies."
High on Riverkeeper's list of demands is an immediate ban on DOT-111 cars, rather than a gradual phase out or retrofitting as DOT has proposed.
A prohibition seems unlikely, even though regulators have known for decades that the cars are twice as likely to rupture than other models.
DOT has proposed that crude oil carriers retrofit the cars with thicker shells, tighter valves, or additional brakes. Existing DOT-111 tank cars that have not been retrofitted would be excluded from transporting Bakken crude in October 2017.
The department might also formalize an agreement it made with AAR imposing a speed limit of 50 miles per hour when transporting Bakken oil. The limit would be reduced to 40 miles per hour within 46 federally designated urban safety zones, where the risks of casualties are high due to greater population densities.
DOT data shows, however, that in seven out of thirteen major spills since 2006, trains were traveling below 40 miles per hour prior to derailing and in all thirteen incidents trains were at speeds below 50 mph. In Lynchburg, the train was traveling at 23 mph.
"There are plenty of suburbs where the population density and danger is the same as in these 46 safety zones but where a proposed new speed limit wouldn't apply," Dixon told VICE News.
But, say environmental groups, perhaps the most glaring regulatory gap in the forthcoming rules is they fail to regulate trains carrying oil from the tar sands region of Alberta, Canada. Over 160,000 barrels per day were exported to the US by rail in the first quarter of 2014, according to the Canadian National Energy Board, up from about 150,000 per day at the end of 2013.
Canadian regulators have mandated the phase out DOT-111s by May 2017. Environmentalists warn that the deadline could be rolled back in order to harmonize Canadian and US standards.
"The Canadians could either delay the phase-out or else redefine their criteria for what the DOT-111s can carry," Eric de Place, Policy Director at the Sightline Institute, told VICE News. "History has shown they will adjust their rules based on US standards."
A spokeswoman for Canadian Transport Minister Lisa Raitt told Reuters on Wednesday: "I can confirm that the May 2017 deadline for crude carrying DOT-111s remains."
Follow Peter Rugh on Twitter: @JohnReedsTomb | <urn:uuid:305cd16c-8620-4718-b21e-3c79c013b3b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vice.com/en/article/pa855g/us-department-of-transportation-delays-new-rules-on-bomb-trains | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.967158 | 1,243 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Prof Rick Tarnas – The Many-Layered Mystery of the Human Journey
For each of us to navigate our way in life during this dramatic, challenging age of human history and Earth evolution requires sources of insight that go beyond simple strategies for just getting ahead or coping with life. Can we find a place of equilibrium, an eye in the storm, from which we can engage our time of intense polarization and radical change? What is the role of hope in such an era?
The depth psychologists C. G. Jung and Stanislav Grof as well as certain philosophers like Hegel and Charles Taylor have helped restore to the secular modern mind the recognition that the unfolding of human life is at a deep level a spiritual and moral journey. Equally important, they recognized that our individual unfolding is embedded within larger, ever-evolving historical developments that shape our personal journeys, and that reflect a kind of collective spiritual and moral evolution. Tonight’s lecture will try to glimpse a larger context and frame of reference to help us access those deeper moral and spiritual sources through which we can better engage our perilous time and perhaps find new resilience in our lives.
RICHARD TARNAS is a professor of philosophy and cultural history at the California Institute of Integral Studies in San Francisco, where he founded the graduate program in Philosophy, Cosmology, and Consciousness. He teaches courses in the history of ideas, archetypal cosmology, depth psychology, and religious evolution. He has frequently lectured on archetypal studies and depth psychology at Pacifica Graduate Institute in Santa Barbara, and was formerly the director of programs and education at Esalen Institute in Big Sur. He is the author of The Passion of the Western Mind, a history of the Western world view from the ancient Greek to the postmodern that is widely used in universities. His second book, Cosmos and Psyche, received the Book of the Year Prize from the Scientific and Medical Network, and is the basis for the ten-part documentary series The Changing of the Gods. He is also the co-editor of Psyche Unbound: Essays in Honor of Stanislav Grof. Richard Tarnas is a past president of the International Transpersonal Association and served for many years on the Board of Governors for the C. G. Jung Institute of San Francisco.
Richard Tarnas is a professor of philosophy and cultural history at the California Institute of Integral Studies in San Francisco, where he founded the graduate program in Philosophy, Cosmology, and Consciousness. He teaches courses in the history of ideas, archetypal cosmology, depth psychology, and religious evolution | <urn:uuid:a1e77ebf-df0f-416f-b300-1c8f7630433e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scientificandmedical.net/events/prof-rick-tarnas-the-many-layered-mystery-of-the-human-journey/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.922079 | 542 | 2.125 | 2 |
Items with full text/Total items : 74010/74010 (100%)
Visitors : 24071645
Online Users : 323
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Keywords: ||土地開發;宏觀調控;專業市場;電腦賣場;computer market;land development;macro-control;professional market|
|Issue Date: ||2014-05-08 15:30:03 (UTC+8)|
;Along with the sustained economic growth (over 8 percents per year) of China, the increase of people’s disposable income, the revaluation of RMB, the incoming of international hot money, the insufficiency of investment organ, the high demand of both living and investment has made real estate a hot subject, followed by the the continuous rise of real estate price. To decrease the excessive investment arising from this economic fever and to cool down, Chinese government is adapting a new round of macro-control by taking various measures and approach, and among which, real estate industry is identified as the object of this round of control, and its price, the evaluation indicator of the control effectiveness.
Focusing on the land developing, real estate developing and land business management in the mainland, the paper is to introduce China’s related rules, regulations, flow and management model of real estate. It gives a sum of preceding evaluation for real estate developing in Mainland and an explanation of affecting factors, also does some research on management approach of developed real estate, management type and model.
This paper will take the Qingdao Storefront of a case company as the research subject. The case company is engaged in computer chain stores management, which is considered as professional market among computer terminal marketing channel. The paper illustrates the competition strategy of the case company in its industry with the analysis of Five Forces.
|Appears in Collections:||[高階主管企管（EMBA）碩士班] 博碩士論文|
Files in This Item:
All items in NCUIR are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
::: Copyright National Central University. | 國立中央大學圖書館版權所有 | 收藏本站 | 設為首頁 | 最佳瀏覽畫面: 1024*768 | 建站日期：8-24-2009 ::: | <urn:uuid:d5bae5e8-a82e-446f-bc96-6e24ba75b6b5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/63759 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.650408 | 1,712 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.