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WASHINGTON (JTA) — President Bush’s national security adviser suggested that President-elect Barack Obama maintain consistency on Israeli-Palestinian peace.
"The biggest opportunity for the new administration may be Middle East peace," Stephen Hadley said Wednesday in an address to the Center for Strategic and International Studies. He called on the Obama administration not to "reinvent the wheel" and to continue the process that Bush launched in Annapolis, Md., in late 2007.
"First and foremost, this means helping complete the building of the democratic institutions of a Palestinian state," Hadley said. "This work is critical to any future peace. Second, it means using the confidential bilateral negotiations between Palestinians and Israelis already under way to negotiate the peace and build on the substantial progress that already has been made."
Obama has said he will make Israel-Palestinian peace a priority. | <urn:uuid:8d45b937-e313-4157-b850-bbb42e77258e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jta.org/2009/01/08/news-opinion/united-states/hadley-keep-annapolis-alive | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00554-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939412 | 175 | 1.5625 | 2 |
In an eye opening study conducted for the Carton Council of North America, it was reported that 67% of people would only assume a packaging was recyclable if it had a symbol or language spelling this out.
That means that if the manufacturer is unable to properly promote recycling on their package, it stands a good chance of ending up in the garbage.
Manufacturers need to take this very seriously indeed because recyclability is more important to a product’s survival in the market than ever, and even than it was just 3 years ago: The same study indicated 77% of those questioned consider the environmental impact of their purchases, and a whopping 91% of study participants consider that it is the role of food and beverage manufacturers to promote the recycling of their packaging.
In terms of clarity in the recycling message, there is one company that we’ve mentioned previously in this blog that does an excellent job of explaining how a product is or isn’t recyclable.
How2 Recycle, an initiative by the Sustainable Packaging Coalition has enlisted product packaging heavyweights such as McDonald’s, Target, Kellogg and a host of other manufacturers to apply an easy to read and easy to use recycle labelling on their products.
These recycling labels indicate whether the product is recyclable but also if it is not(or rather “not yet”).
What is makes these labels really effective however is that they break down the elements of a packaging to let you know how to dispose of each!
Even so, the information comes across quite clearly and, as how2recycle puts it “it takes the guesswork out of recycling”.
Whatever recycling strategy you use for your packaging and regardless whether you use the how2recycle system or not, clarity in your recycling information is proven to be highly desirable for the consumer and good for the environment. Up to you on how to maximize the effectiveness of your message.
Let us know if you would like help in optimizing your packaging for recycling or other information. | <urn:uuid:87e1bf82-b757-4c6f-8ed8-88778eef51a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://imsinc.ca/en/2016/04/consumers-want-to-recycle-help-them/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.958514 | 418 | 2.59375 | 3 |
An environment that is inclusive and attractive for all students and employees allows for a wider range of perspectives and talents within the University.
For the Faculty of Science and Technology the aim to promote and extend equal opportunities is a quality issue for the organisation. All employees and students should be treated with respect and given the opportunity to work and study on equal terms regardless of:
- transgender identity or expression
- religion or other belief
- sexual orientation
(The seven grounds of discrimination of the
Committee for Equal Opportunities
The Faculty is responsible, through its Equal Opportunities Committee, for the coordination, support and follow-up of the Faculty’s work with equal opportunity issues. However, the main work takes place at department level and every department has a Equal Opportunities Representative and a working group.
The Faculty also has two Study counsellors with special responsibility for Equal Opportunities who are responsible for coordinating support for students with special needs.
A total of 39 % of the students and 36 % of the PhD students at the Faculty are women. However, the proportion of women among senior lecturers is only 27 % and among professors 24 %*. The Faculty´s Equal Opportunities Committee will therefore try to increase the number of women that continue their career within the academy. By supporting the women that are already working at the university the Faculty hopes to achieve this. A mentorship programme for young researchers in the beginning of an independent research career is therefore one of the measures in the Equal Opportunities Plan.
* The figures are for 2020.
More effective PhD programmes
To increase the diversity it is important to have a PhD programme that is equally inclusive and supportive for all students. A PhD supervision that creates an equal playing field for all the Faculty´s doctoral students is therefore one of the goals of the Faculty´s Equal Opportunities Plan.
One way to achieve this is through a collaboration with the international project FESTA - Female Empowerment in Science and Technology Academia (link to resge.eu). Two of their rapports in which the faculty has been involved are: | <urn:uuid:06ec2160-f676-4668-9e8e-d48841a7272d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.teknat.uu.se/about-us/Equal_opportunities/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.941144 | 452 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Congratulations to the whole Global Voices team for winning a Best of the Blogs award from Deutsche Welle. The won the Best Journalistic Blog in English. (More information posted by Ethan on the GV Blog.) It's been almost a year since we posted the Global Voices Covenant, which at the time was really a mission statement for Global Voices. I remember Rebecca and Ethan were worried about whether it was feasible to take on such a broad mission. Clearly, they have succeeded driving this forward and continuing build the team and to foster the community into something really important.
Here is the manifesto again. (Wiki translation effort on the GV wiki.)
We believe in free speech: in protecting the right to speak -- and the right to listen. We believe in universal access to the tools of speech.
To that end, we want to enable everyone who wants to speak to have the means to speak -- and everyone who wants to hear that speech, the means to listen to it.
Thanks to new tools, speech need no longer be controlled by those who own the means of publishing and distribution, or by governments that would restrict thought and communication. Now, anyone can wield the power of the press. Everyone can tell their stories to the world.
We want to build bridges across the gulfs of culture and language that divide people, so as to understand each other more fully. We want to work together more effectively, and act more powerfully.
We believe in the power of direct connection. The bond between individuals from different worlds is personal, political and powerful. We believe conversation across boundaries is essential to a future that is free, fair, prosperous and sustainable - for all citizens of this planet.
While we continue to work and speak as individuals, we also want to identify and promote our shared interests and goals. We pledge to respect, assist, teach, learn from, and listen to one other.
We are Global Voices. | <urn:uuid:2f982a50-b1b7-446f-b12b-627850452c2d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://joi.ito.com/weblog/2005/11/23/global-voices-w.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00464-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969455 | 390 | 1.601563 | 2 |
PA Official: Palestine will not Declare End to Conflict in Framework Deal
The Palestinians will refuse to sign a framework agreement that declares an end to the conflict with Israel, reported the Jerusalem Post, quoting Palestinian chief negotiator, Ahmed Qorei.
"We will only declare an and to the conflict when Israel implements the final peace deal," including an agreement on Jerusalem and refugees, he said.
Qorei said the Palestinians learned a lesson from the "bad experiences with the interim agreement," which Israel still hasn't fully implemented, although an agreement on its implementation was signed at Sharm e-Sheikh, said the paper.
Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak insists the framework for a final peace deal must state that the conflict is over.
Qurei said negotiations are meaningless unless Barak gives his negotiators a mandate to narrow the gaps, said the paper.
But he also warned that an early summit would end in failure and lead to frustration on the Palestinian street.
"There can be no negotiations without authorization [by the leaders]... if the Israeli negotiators have no mandate to take decisions, we should leave things up to the summit or to circumstances," he said, implying that the Palestinian people may opt for violence if no satisfactory agreement can be reached, added the paper.
He said the negotiators divide the talks into four main issues, Jerusalem, borders and territories (including settlements), refugees and security.
"Nothing real has been achieved on any of these issues," he said.
But Palestinian officials conceded that some progress was made on the territorial issue and security, according to the paper.
They also said productive discussion were being conducted on the issue of refugees, according to the paper - Albawaba.com
© 2000 Al Bawaba (www.albawaba.com)
- Negotiators Foresee Breakthrough in PA-Israel Framework Talks within Month
- US Officials Deny Clinton Intends to Issue Presidential Statement on Palestinian-Israeli Conflict
- Israel-Gaza conflict: Palestinians declared winners despite great losses
- Sharm el Sheikh summit: Israel, PA expected to declare cessation of violence | <urn:uuid:a1b7dff2-1ff8-43ef-86de-77c2cc45c6e4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.albawaba.com/news/pa-official-palestine-will-not-declare-end-conflict-framework-deal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00571-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94803 | 431 | 1.625 | 2 |
Marriage /Mar¬īriage/ (?), n. [OE. mariage, F. mariage. See Marry, v. t.] 1. The act of marrying, or the state of being married; legal union of a man and a woman for life, as husband and wife; wedlock; matrimony. Marriage is honorable in all. Heb. xiii. 4.
Wise decision,Gary B. They'll probably redefine it in the relatively not to far off future any way. Next time, it'll probably not qualify the number of people engaging in "marriage", then it'll probably have to broaden the subjects who are getting "married"...and on and on which is the natural "progression" of choosing to deviate from the Standard.
Apparently also the Macmillan Dictionary as well, better keep an eye on these dictionary companies to make sure which one not to let into your house!
Mark 10 6 "But from the beginning of creation, God MADE THEM MALE AND FEMALE. 7 "FOR THIS CAUSE A MAN SHALL LEAVE HIS FATHER AND MOTHER, 8 AND THE TWO SHALL BECOME ONE FLESH; consequently they are no longer two, but one flesh. 9 "What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate."
1 Corinthians 7 2 But because of immoralities, let each man have his own wife, and let each woman have her own husband. 3 Let the husband fulfill his duty to his wife, and likewise also the wife to her husband. 4 The wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does; and likewise also the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does.---NASB
Apparently these companies need to go to the ultimate authority to define marriage. | <urn:uuid:c85a2150-adc1-432b-a535-5f2938af8ff4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sermonaudio.com/new_details.asp?ID=40307 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00442-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975283 | 372 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Cole, Richard and Hariharan, Ramesh (1997) Tighter upper bounds on the exact complexity of string matching. In: SIAM Journal on Computing, 26 (3). pp. 803-856.
This paper considers how many character comparisons are needed to nd all occurrences of a pattern of length m in a text of length n. The main contribution is to show an upper bound of the form of n + O(n=m) character comparisons, following preprocessing. Specifically, we show an upper bound of n + 8 3(m+1) (n − m) character comparisons. This bound is achieved by an online algorithm which performs O(n) work in total and requires O(m) space and O(m2) time for preprocessing. The current best lower bound for online algorithms is n + 16 7m+27 (n − m) character comparisons for m = 16k + 19, for any integer k>=1, and for general algorithms is n + 2 m+3 (n −m) character comparisons, for m = 2k + 1, for any integer k >=1.
|Item Type:||Journal Article|
|Additional Information:||Copyright for this article belongs to Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM)|
|Keywords:||string matching;exact complexity;comparisons;periodicity|
|Department/Centre:||Division of Electrical Sciences > Computer Science & Automation (Formerly, School of Automation)|
|Date Deposited:||29 May 2004|
|Last Modified:||19 Sep 2010 04:12|
Actions (login required) | <urn:uuid:63878f8e-061b-4a99-bf95-e4424e8059ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://eprints.iisc.ernet.in/87/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00492-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.724544 | 346 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Your feelings are your holy grail and your mood a fraction of a reflection of this. You hold the power in your hands to take charge of your life, habits and wellbeing. It all starts with one simple thing – understanding how you feel, when you feel good, sleepy, sad or ecstatic. Your mood tracker can become your best friend in understanding yourself better, getting rid of procrastination and building a healthier you.
Below you will find some of the most creative and inspiring ideas, that you can use for your own mood tracker.
Photo credit: dutch_dots
Colour in the pattern of your colourful life and see what is revealed in one wholesome eternity of each month. Fill in and decorate the middle to your choosing. Make the centre of YOU count.
Photo credit: jamdoodless
Mmm…what’s your favourite food? A croissant, candy, cherries, strawberries or a piece of cake? Choose your own colours for ripeness, readiness or taste. Are you feeling blueberry-tastic today or sunny yellow, or maybe you are feeling a bit brown and in the need of a piece of chocolate?
Photo credit: bujowithbel
Choose the colours for your planets, stars, galaxies and nature as your path towards the Milky Way and the nocturnal animal that you are. Let your emotions fly and reach the sky. You are one with it all!
Photo credit: somekindwords_
Colour it in as you go and stick to one colour palette, be it blue, purple or pink. What even better than making a note of a very special day and a feeling that goes with it? Make it into a sort of artistic pictogram, photographic memory or just a clue.
Photo credit: l1lou_bujo
Choose your item of the month and the few colours it represents, to see if you are feeling like a leaf in the wind, faling when you are plucked or juicy sweet pink? Maybe just an angel of pure light?
Photo credit: redefineyourself.iv
Buzz…Bee…Honey. What kind of honey are you today? What is your home colour for the day? Follow through the maze and see your world change. Are you living in a sweet honey pot or a blue sour pot?
Photo credit: vetoile1
Lemons can be sour or they can be bitter but some are juicy and sweet, especially if dipped in honey. See how your garden blossoms and bring the sunshine to the pages of your life.
Photo credit: samijournals
The Rolling Stones sang about you and how you colour rainbows everywhere. Sitting on top of one, are you feeling slightly blue or perkish pink? Maybe mellow green or comfortable as an orange gazing in the sun?
Photo credit: bujo_by_claire
How about splitting your moods into weeks or manageable chunks that can be easy to overview. Might that be your thing? Each juicy section can reveal itself in a pattern, so you can identify the days you are the strongest or when you need to chill.
Photo credit: sunshine_journal_
What melody are you playing this month? How about the next and previous months? Imagine if your life, mood and all you have felt and gone through can turn into a masterpiece, a song or just a gibberish of Great Balls of Fire, wouldn’t that be wonderful?
Photo credit: bujo.by.frence
Being the smart owl that you are, you can choose the grandness of your day. Maybe you have had a breakthrough and are feeling over the moon or simply the small things made it count today? Be the wise one and choose your treat.
Photo credit: elzdoodles
Going through a rough time in life or maybe you just have a sense of humour, feeling many things in a day and just feel like wiping it away? Why not make the best of it and truly wipe the slate clean of all the trash that’s laying around!
Photo credit: kathrynsarahjournals
I feel you! There are days, weeks and even months when all I want to do is cozy up with a book in my lap until the darkness sets and lights come up. Will this time be brightly lit, darker dusk or random strings of magical complexity?
Photo credit: dotted.pages
Polaroid a picture – say cheese, press click, wait for the print, set aside to develop and watch what the picture tells. People say a picture tells a million words and so do your emotions, states of being and your mood.
Photo credit: bujo.badger
Get creative with art and track your mood like a creative artist, be it Haring, Picasso, Dali or Rothko. Colour the dancer in you. Colour the sports person in you. Colour the artist in you and jazz up your Bujo pages.
Photo credit: sofieshandlettering
Being highly sensitive you feel the energies around you, the love a rose quartz brings or serenity by purple amethyst. Perhaps slightly more emotional today and need that aquamarine around you. Oh, these precious gems, how they sparkle in the world!
Photo credit: themonsterofstationery
You know that feeling – you wake up after a good night sleep or a terrifying nightmare that starts your day but the day is not yet made. You receive a gift or a kind gesture and finish the day on a different note then it started. How can one day fit only one mood, you wonder.
Photo credit: thejournaltea
Loving all kinds of plants, flowers, trees and colours of the nature? Today you can become as sweet as the maple tree, sea green as weepy willow, fire red as rowan or as festive as a Christmas spruce. Choose your nature of being.
Photo credit: mandybujos
Do you remember the Snake chasing and wiggling its tail on your Nokia? Or maybe Pacman always being hungry? How about playing Tetris on your TV or that huge computer, that is still stored in your parent’s garage?
Photo credit: petitesfeuilles
This is where you shine, grow, flourish and thrive. Bring a positive reminder of who you truly are for each day that you live and set your aim to remember the good, the beautiful and the precious even on those harder days.
Photo credit: littleolivebujo
Who said that rain is white, blue or even transparent? I see only a rainbow of colours and when it rains it colours the whole world around me. I notice the worms wiggling their way across my path, snails stretching their antennas and so much more! Just ask me.
Photo credit: journalfilled_by_wendy
Feeling like I’m in pieces, screws and bolts have fallen out, springs keep bouncing all around me and a key to keep my heart together in one piece. Love is a mystery!
Photo credit: fatinbulletjournal
Mermaids tails have so many tales to tell. So, here is mine and listen carefully, as this one you will not have heard before. I am not Ariel, oh, but how I wish to be her on some days. To swim and swirl and become friend with the sea creatures all around.
Photo credit: journalwithni
There was a pot, that I washed and bathed, scrubbed it clean and filled it with water. Then I carefully chose the greens and blossoms of the day’s events, and one by one set them in. Decorated, organized and sat down to marvel at a good day’s job.
Photo credit: bujospreadx
Each day she takes a step to be on her way towards the end, and then she takes a look back to see a rainbow road she has left behind. Rainbow of emotions, rainbow of adventures and rainbow of herself.
Your mood and your emotions are the most precious treasures you have. They can tell tales, keep secrets, show your true being and track not just your every day but the most intimate part of your essence. You have the power to be, succumb, learn and thrive but first, you have to understand why. May you grow into a beautiful being! | <urn:uuid:9c407443-69cb-40a9-8ce0-573fef1ccec9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bulletjournalsideas.com/mood-tracker/bullet-journal-mood-tracker-may-2020/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.935976 | 1,732 | 1.625 | 2 |
The American Polish Cultural Society came to life on Friday, December 27, 1985, when it was registered with the State of Michigan as a non-profit corporation with the following purpose or a mission for which the corporation was organized:
- To encourage the participation of Poles and Americans of Polish descent in the pursuit of their Polish heritage, culture and language.
- To bring about awareness of the contributions of Poles and Polish Americans to the people of the United States and the world.
- To pursue charitable, literary, educational and other social and fraternal purposes of Poles and Americans of Polish descent.
Members are bound by their common culture, traditions, heritage and Polish language. To become a member you must meet at least one of the following criteria:
- Must be of Polish descent
- Be a spouse of a member of the American Polish Cultural Society
- Be a Polish organization represented by one certified delegate
- Lifetime: $1,000 one time payment (No annual fees)
- Supporting: $50 annual donation (Renewed annually)
- Organization: $2,000 one time payment (Represented by one delegate)
- Access to all membership meetings
- Voting privileges
- Scholarship programs
- Invitations to all events
- Lifetime memberships include placement of name on display board and a discount on banquet facilities
- Established in 1985, includes 20,000 sq. ft. bldg.
- Elegant & distinguished banquet facilities
- Renovated Wawel (Vavel) Restaurant
- Home to cultural & special events | <urn:uuid:584ef42a-7596-4c20-b2d0-007c6ad32607> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.americanpolishcenter.com/membership/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.944966 | 342 | 1.5 | 2 |
The ‘green agenda’ aims to ensure that nature remains unspoilt – that animal and vegetable species don’t go extinct – that everything can thrive and flower in its natural habitat.
But that goes only as far as inter-connections are found within the sub-human ‘eco system’. Next when we come to the human ‘eco system’, today’s Greens also aspire to the full thriving, health or wellbeing of our own human species with all our inter-relationships.
In Summer 2015 Pope Francis penned a document on the care of the earth – which is God’s creation and “our common home” (Laudato Si – “Praised Be”). He’s convinced that we will never have a clear view about how to treat Nature – until we’ve first cleared up our vision about how human beings need to treat one another.
And for this, we need enlightenment from God himself – communicated through the message (the Gospel) that Jesus has left us.
The Pope has hard words for multi-nationals who use the territory of poorer peoples as a dumping-ground for toxic waste : The despoilers are “a minority who presume” that they can go on producing, consuming and dumping.
In places, even the water itself becomes polluted for the locals – people who’ll never afford bottled water. These big companies are trampling on the rights of others – in the Gospel phrase, ‘lording it over them’.
Nowhere may any human person be simply reduced to an unwilling instrument in someone else’s project. The Pope warns about “buying the organs of the poor for re-sale or use in experimentation – or eliminating children because they are not what their parents wanted”. The Gospel teaches, rather, that each human being is precious in God’s sight.
A person is not someone’s property
No human person may be reduced to an ‘It’ – each of our fellow human beings is a unique ‘You’. Today, “real relationships with others” are sometimes endangered even by the internet – which allows us to “choose or eliminate relationships at whim”. Is Pope Francis perhaps thinking, by contrast, of all those ‘really genuine sorts’ that he used to meet when, as Archbishop of Buenos Aires, he regularly journeyed by public transport to the city’s down-at-heel quarter?
Here, “many people…are able to weave bonds of belonging and togetherness which convert over-crowding into an experience of community”. The Gospel describes how it was among the poor, that Jesus spent his days.
The Pope supports all who hold that “we should be concerned for future generations”. But he adds that “leaving an inhabitable planet to future generations…has to do with the ultimate meaning of our earthly sojourn…What is the purpose of our life in this world? Why are we here?”
As people growing up today begin facing this question, their horizon is expanded way beyond any primitive slogan such as, ‘I want it all now’ – way beyond the urge for instant gratification. Then, having first been opened up to the ‘You’ of their fellow human beings, the thinking of persons looking towards the future can next broaden out towards the ‘You’ of God.
Some Christian leaders and thinkers can be found who see a huge threat in the attitude which they call ‘immediatism’: This is where persons react only to influences having an immediate effect upon themselves – or fail to notice any possible future effect of a course of action (apart from an immediate result).
These Christian thinkers hold that such people stand in need of some catastrophe – such as a world war – which will ‘bring them to their senses’.
In my view, the Pope’s document supports just such thinkers, if they are alert to an actual ‘catastrophe’ which is already upon us – the catastrophe of global pollution and degeneration.
Catastrophes: world war, global pollution
And Pope Francis goes on to show how short-term tinkering will not be enough to ‘fix’ this wastage: any policies or solutions which are merely self-interested will only be papering-over the cracks through which the world’s resources are being allowed to run down.
In other words, the looming catastrophe is forcing us right back to the drawing board. As the managers of our planet’s future, we need to pay heed once more to its Creator’s ‘Users’ Instructions’.
For instance, the Pope praises those “rightly demanding that certain limits be imposed on scientific research” if “the integrity of the environment” is threatened. But how, he wonders, can they impose limits here, if they do not demand limits “when experimentation is carried out on living human embryos?”
“We know that approximately one-third of all food produced is discarded”. At the same time, poor nations working towards food-security often come up against the business interests of those multi-nationals (carrying more clout than many a sovereign nation).
In a situation like this, changed food-distribution strategies will achieve little. What first needs to be changed is: human mind-sets.
And often it is only the sense of responsibility to the Creator which will change a selfish mind-set. | <urn:uuid:fa64c49e-b75a-493b-91e6-85ea7288829f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://avondhupress.ie/pope-francis-gospel-goes-green/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.943631 | 1,166 | 2.421875 | 2 |
For the increasing number of manufacturers investing in mill/turn technology, the advantages are shortened machining cycles, greater accuracy and efficiency and reduced set-up times — which means lower production costs.
Although 3-axis control is the accepted basis for the majority of prismatic machining applications, there is a steadily growing interest in 5-axis machining. Without question, the benefits of 5-axis set-ups can be substantial, especially when coupled with mill/turn-type machining flexibility.
But without the control software to drive the machine axes, and the CAM software that translates the component designs into cutting strategies the machine drives can work with, multi-axis control would be impossible.
'We are seeing an increased use of 5-axis machining in production manufacturing,' said Bill Gibbs, founder and president of software developerGibbs and Associates
. 'Not only do 5-axis machine tools minimise the number of set-ups required to machine a part, but many of the models being created by today's CAD systems contain geometry that can only be economically machined using 5-axis technology.'
These include impellers, turbine blades, wing spars and porting on cylinder heads. In addition, many multi-task machining centres, such asMazak's
Integrex E-series and Mark IV series, incorporate B-axis live tooling to provide even more flexibility and versatility.
Five-axis technology provides the ultimate in control when applying tooling to a part. This provides numerous benefits such as collision avoidance, improved surface finish and reduced tool wear. Newcomers to this technology need a full understanding of the systems available, and how they relate to the work being undertaken, before committing themselves to a considerable investment.
The control aspects of multi-axis machining generally depend on the machine type purchased and the work it will undertake. As such, it is usually dealt with by the machine tool builder. But CAM systems are so flexible that they are very much the responsibility of the purchaser, who must consider the variety and complexity of the components required.
In most cases, the 'best' CAM system is not necessarily the one with the most features, but the one with a strong set of standard machining cycles that the user can easily augment. The ideal software enables programmers to create customised routines that extend beyond ordinary toolpaths. Systems that include Visual Basic make customisation easy by supplying an industry-standard macro language. What's more, users should be able to store their machining knowledge and preferences within the CAM system in the form of a database that can be accessed for use on any part.
In addition, a full library of editable post-processors should be available so users can adjust them to suit their specific machining needs. Realistic simulation of machine movement is also becoming necessary, although this might be in a third party product such asCGTech's
Vericut machine simulation application.
The new GibbsCAM 5-axis software provides a complete range of 5-axis simultaneous milling functionality and, when combined with the GibbsCAM MTM option, can support multi-task machining centres with articulated live tooling. It is also fully integrated with GibbsCAM's Machine Simulation option, allowing the user to virtually set up and prove-out complex 5-axis programs of the machine tool. This minimises costly machine down time. The 5-Axis option can be used when GibbsCAM is integrated with CGTech's Vericut.
Companies will probably pack their software with more features as the demand for 5-axis software increases in the UK.
'The largest markets for 5-axis machining in this country are Formula One, followed closely by aerospace, where take-up of such productivity solutions is growing fast,' said Richard Nolan, managing director ofOpen Mind Technologies
UK of Oxford. 'For the last four years 90 per cent of our UK sales revenue has been 5-axis related, which is a big change from our advanced 2 and 3-axis mould, tool & die days. Interested companies are typically small to medium-sized businesses (50 employees or fewer), where the owner, managing director or principle CAM programmer is pushing the limits of the existing CAM system.'
Open Mind's hyperMILL Version 9.6 includes a new millTURN module featuring machining strategies for turn roughing, turn finishing, grooving and thread turning. Because the mill/turn module is seamlessly integrated in hyperMILL, V9.6/V9.7, users can switch between turning and milling strategies at any time while they are programming. The software also features automatic stock tracking and stock management, a tool database and collision control for all turning and milling strategies.
is also an exponent of multi-axis machining. Its 'WorkNC' G3 is the third generation of WorkNC, and features a new integrated graphical interface that combines geometry, analysis, machining and verification into a single environment. The interface makes most complex 5-axis toolpaths easy to create, with an emphasis on speed and smoothness.
Verification in WorkNC G3 considers the tool, its holder and the complete machine tool structure, together with the axis limitations when checking a cutterpath. The advances in the new version will allow aerospace manufacturers to cut low-volume, high-value components with confidence, so they can achieve and exceed quality, accuracy and productivity targets.
Additional options for 5-axis machining are also a feature ofDelcam's
PowerMILL 8. The most significant of these is a powerful tool-axis editing function that allows for the selection of any region of a toolpath and redefine the tool-axis vectors within that region.
Previously, a single tool-axis specification was applied to a complete toolpath. The new ability to use different options in different regions of the toolpath will enable users to optimise cutting conditions and avoid any sudden machine tool movements that could result in a poor surface finish.
Delcam has also launched a dedicated PowerMILL module for programming and machining blisks and impellers. The company claims this will allow even complex pieces to be programmed in around 30 minutes, compared with the many hours needed previously. | <urn:uuid:0ce6b4cb-c548-4073-bf7b-1d04b5ab4113> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/news/turning-point | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.909036 | 1,271 | 2.140625 | 2 |
A = r 2 where r is the radius which is equal to d/2. Therefore V (tank) = r2h. The filled volume of a vertical cylinder tank is just a shorter cylinder with the same radius, r, and diameter, d, but height is now the fill height or f. Therefore V (fill) = r2f. What kind of oil tank does Kingspan use?What kind of oil tank does Kingspan use?The Titan Single Skin Horizontal Oil Tank range from Kingspan is made for domestic uses where bunding isn't a legal requirement and is available in eight capacities.Oil Storage Tanks Bunded & Single Skin Kingspan Ireland
Jul 01, 2020A river of toxic waste flows through Syria. Rivers of crude oil and oil waste are flowing through northeast Syria, with no solution in sight for the thousands of people affected by the pollution.About Middle East InstituteFounded in 1946, the Middle East Institute is the oldest Washington-based institution dedicated solely to the study of the Middle East. It is a non-partisan think tank providing expert policy analysis, educational and professional development services, and a hub for engaging with the region's arts and culture.
Volume of rainfall. From amount of rain and area. Other subcategories index Other calcs index The catchment area is multiplied by the depth of rain that falls on it to give the total volume of water produced. Factors such as evaporation, wetting, and soaking into the ground are not considered here.Cultivating Cronyism The Collapse of Agriculture in Post syria oil tank building volumeJun 24, 2021Historically, Iraq enjoyed some of the worlds most productive soils. Agriculture represented more than 18 percent of the countrys economic output in 1995, but over the last 30 years its key role in the economy fell victim to Iraqs decades-long conflicts. By 2019, agriculture accounted for only 2 percent of economic output.. Meanwhile, in neighboring Syria, the agriculture sector has syria oil tank building volume
Russia builds four new air bases in Syria, deploys another 6,000 troops. Contrary to Moscows promises, the Russian military is not pulling out of Syria, but adding four more air bases (one shared with Iran) and 6,000 more troops. On Dec. 11, 2017, Russian President Vladimir Putin, followed by Defense Minister Sergey Shoigu, announced that syria oil tank building volumeFile Size 100KBPage Count 4CHAPTER 4 Aboveground Storage Tanks and ContainersApr 17, 2019aSt oil capacity of over 1,320 gallons in containers of 55 gallons or larger. it also applies if the total buried storage capacity is over 42,000 gallons. the SpCC rule exempts buried storage tanks and ancillary equipment when tanks are subject to 40 CFr part 280 discussed in Chapter 3, Underground Storage Tanks. the
Jul 18, 2019In 2008, Syria reportedly operated just under 5,000 main battle tanks and 4,500 armored pernel carriers (APC) and infantry fighting vehicles (IFV). 5 However, nearly half of the tank fleet and the bulk of the APC/IFC fleet consisted of highly outdated vehicles. 6 Additionally, as many as 2,250 of Syrias tanks were placed in static syria oil tank building volumeHow Washington is positioning Syrian Al-Qaedas founder as syria oil tank building volumeJun 11, 2021How Washington is positioning Syrian Al-Qaedas founder as its asset. March 2021 marked the 10th anniversary of the Western regime-change war on Syria. And after a decade of grueling conflict, Washington is still maneuvering to extend its longstanding relationship with the Salafi-jihadist militants fighting Syrian President Bashar al syria oil tank building volume
Jun 25, 2020Back in July 2014, a self-styled human rights lawyer named Stephen Rapp sat on stage at the Saudi-funded Rafiq Hariri Center of DCs Atlantic Council think tank and demanded regime change in Syria Its legitimacy, its ability to serve the people of Syria is gone, if ever it where there, he said of Assads government.Images
Dec 17, 2019Russia to modernize Syria port, build railway across Syria to Persian Gulf syria oil tank building volume 2019 satellite image provided by Maxar Technologies appears to show the Iranian oil Images
Loss, Dead volume, Volume solids, WFT, Dew point - air temperature - RH, Air NozzlesJotafloor PU Topcoat HS - two component high volume solid syria oil tank building volumeJotafloor PU Topcoat HS is a two component high volume solid, low VOC, isocyanate cured polyurethane coating. The product is high performing, non yellowing and ideal for green building projects. Jotafloor PU Topcoat HS has excellent gloss and colour retention, good UV-, chemical-, abrasion- and impact resistance.
tank. Take into consideration the capacity displaced by other tanks within the same bunded area and any foundations. Treat interconnected tanks as a single tank of equivalent total volume for the purposes of the bund design criteria. For flammable liquids, bund capacity should be at least 133% of the net capacity of the largest tank.Missile strikes on Syria oil refineries kill 4 Arab NewsMar 07, 2021BEIRUT Missile strikes on makeshift oil refineries in northern Syria killed four people and injured more than 20 others, a war monitor said on Saturday. The Syrian
building in which the tank is installed. There 8. is confusionamong oil tankinstallersregarding thesizeof vent.Is the minimum nominal pipe diameter 1¼ in. diameter or 2 in.? Subsection 7.2.5 governsventsfor fueloil storage tanksinstalled insidea building.What is the total volume of a cylinder shaped tank?What is the total volume of a cylinder shaped tank?Total volume of a cylinder shaped tank is the area, A, of the circular end times the height, h. A = r 2 where r is the radius which is equal to d/2.Tank Volume Calculator
0.45 x (A+B) x length x average depth x 7.5 = volume (in gallons) The total of measurement A plus measurement B multiplied by 0.45 multiplied by the length gives you the surface area of the kidney shape. (A + B = 18 feet). The rest of the calculations you are now familiar with. Try this volume Reforming Venezuelas oil and gas sector Chatham House syria oil tank building volumeMay 20, 2021Reinvigorating the production of oil and gas in the country will require significant changes to the legal and institutional framework that oversees the sector. The opposition parties in the National Assembly have introduced a draft Hydrocarbons Bill that proposes reforms to the sector. Although the Maduro administration has dismissed these syria oil tank building volume
Nov 23, 2020Establish the depth of the excavation. Let's say it's d = 0.5 yd. Multiply the area by the depth of the excavation to obtain its volume 36 * 0.5 = 18 cu yd. The volume of sand required is equal to the volume of excavation. Our sand calculator will display this value for you.SmokerBuilder&Pit CalculatorSmokerBuilder&is committed to helping pit builders construct the highest quality grills and smokers that produce the best BBQ. Our pit-sizing calculator allows builders to construct their own designs using SmokerBuilders proven design principles. Start by selecting the shape of the cook chamber youd like to build then enter the syria oil tank building volume
May 20, 2021All five have mature hydrocarbons industries open to FDI with significant oil reserves and, together, they demonstrate real world examples of the proposed institutional, legal and fiscal arrangements currently discussed in Venezuela. Attracting international investments will be key to reversing the fortunes of Venezuelas oil and gas industry.
tank volume = 73,287 cu in Thus, the capacity of this tank is 73,287 cubic inches. Step Four Convert Volume Units The resulting tank volume will be in the cubic form of the initial measurements.Tank Volume Calculator - Tank Capacitiy CalculatorTank volume calculator online - calculate the capacity of a tank in gallons, litres, cubic meters, cubic feet, etc. Tank capacity calculator for on oil tank, water tank, etc. supporting 10 different tank shapes. Quick and easy tank volume and tank capacity calculation (a.k.a. tank size). Servers as a liquid volume calculator with output in US gallons, UK gallons, BBL (US Oil), and litres.
Tank Volume Calculator. The below given is the online volume of water calculator cylinder to calculate the liquid volume filled in a vertical, horizontal, rectangle, horizontal oval, vertical oval, horizontal capsule and vertical capsule cylinder. Just choose the cylinder type and fill the requested values in the liquid volume calculator to syria oil tank building volumeTurkey highlights Syrian success stories on World Refugee syria oil tank building volumeJun 19, 2021The Syrian Kurds control a large tract of territory in the northeast as well, which includes 90 percent of Syrias oil wells and a good chunk of its agricultural land.
To calculate the volume of a tank of a different shape, use our volume of a tank calculator. Volume of a cylinder. The volume formula for a cylinder is height x x (diameter / 2) 2, where (diameter / 2) is the radius of the base (d = 2 x r), so another way to write it is height x x radius 2. Visual in the figure below:Washingtons Rebranding of Syrian Al-Qaedas Founder syria oil tank building volumeJun 16, 2021By the time of Smiths interview, operatives from a network of Gulf-funded, pro-Israel think tanks had spent years quietly lobbying for Washington to support al-Qaedas Syrian franchise, and syria oil tank building volume
syria oil tank building volume price, Best price syria oil tank building volume, syria oil tank building volume chemical composition, syria oil tank building volume yield strength, syria oil tank building volume equivalent, syria oil tank building volume properties, syria oil tank building volume in China, what is syria oil tank building volume, | <urn:uuid:08163a39-9324-425f-b36c-1a05d8a68e94> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hckarvina.cz/tank/6faa8040da329.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.91192 | 2,090 | 2.53125 | 3 |
We thank you for your firm, effective and inspiring leadership of the ECOSOC. The focused and interactive discussions at the High-Level Political Forum are a testament to your organizational and leadership abilities. The HLPF is assuming its distinctive persona on your watch.
We align ourselves with the statement made by Bolivia on behalf of the Group of 77 and China.
The Millennium Development Goals Report launched yesterday by the Secretary General demonstrates that the glass is more than half full. In some cases, the success is spectacular. Global poverty has been halved. A majority of children in developing countries are going to school; and the disparity in the enrollment of girls and boys has been reduced.
These achievements build the international community’s confidence in pursuing its comprehensive, global development agenda, with clearly set out goals and time-bound targets. They also indicate that we need to do much, much more to accelerate progress. The momentum towards achieving the unmet goals needs to be sustained. By the time the MDGs process winds down, we will have a blueprint for the post-2015 development agenda.
We realize that progress so far has been uneven and unequal within and among nations. Since 2000, the international economic milieu has changed dramatically. Contemporary economic doctrines tend to devalue the official development assistance and promote the role of businesses and technology for a transformative agenda. The emphasis is shifting to strong national and subnational ownership for crafting development strategies, building robust institutions, promoting the rule of law and good governance, and fostering conditions for peace, security and stability.
There is a strong linkage between poverty eradication and sustainable development. Climate change can no more be swept under the carpet. We will have to deal with this challenge through adaptation and mitigation. Some fears need to be assuaged. The UN’s leadership on climate change will not supplant but supplement the work of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
It is conventional wisdom that in the next 16 years, we will have to make conscious and resolute efforts to reduce inequalities in order to achieve the goals of inclusive development.
We agree with the Secretary General that the international community should take collective measures to reduce macroeconomic volatility and redress global systemic imbalances in the areas of aid, trade, investment, and technology transfer. To ensure the success of the sustainable development goals, the World Trade Organization must soon embrace more development-oriented trade and investment regimes.
It is also axiomatic that you cannot climb out of poverty without stimulating economic growth. Markets should be developed to create employment and decent work. Economic growth combined with distributional equity is the real panacea. To bring about growth-driven equality, what we need most is science, technology and innovation. As economist Thomas Picketty reminds us: “Over a long period of time, the main force in favor of greater equality has been the diffusion of knowledge and skills.”
As we go along, financing for development should not become our big, blind spot. Search for resources should not founder on politics. It should be guided by sound economics.
It is equally important to keep our eyes on the future. We support the Secretary General’s recommendation to develop an intergenerational approach towards inclusive development. Here and now is important; but so is the year 2030 and beyond. The SDGs would not be formulated in a vacuum. They flow out of the MDGs. Mistakes need to be corrected, as the SDGs become the lodestar for the next decade and a half.
Monitoring, accountability and a well conceived review mechanism should be intrinsic and integral to the post-2015 agenda. Complementary national development strategies were the bedrock of the MDGs. The same should hold true for SDGs. Without a national buy in, success would be difficult and elusive.
In Pakistan, the MDGs have provided us with concrete socio-economic targets to work towards poverty alleviation, good governance, and social justice. Poverty in Pakistan is being reduced. Other areas like child mortality and improved maternal health are work in progress. Our efforts to promote women empowerment by enhancing their representation in national and provincial legislatures and enacting appropriate legal framework - something acknowledged in the report of the Secretary General - are producing tangible results 0n the ground.
Our success, however, has been hampered by the security situation, our fight against terrorism and frequent and massive natural disasters. We as a nation are determined to overcome these challenges.
The focus of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif’s Government on economic growth and development is unrelenting. Education and health spending as a ratio of GDP is being doubled. The Prime Minister’s programme for providing a credit line to young entrepreneurs, quality education, life skills and vocational training is creating new opportunities for utilizing the full potential of our youth bulge. Similarly, energy, infrastructure and communications projects would provide the much-needed impetus for economic growth - the economic growth that would provide the foundations of equitable development.
We believe in strong partnership with the United Nations in achieving our development objectives as well as MDGs and the Post-2015 Development Agenda. Crafting solutions that eliminate poverty, strengthen institutional capacity and improve the lives of people remain our priority.
I thank you. | <urn:uuid:7f422c9b-ba75-4156-b330-b9de34a76f7c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://pakun.org/statements/Second_Committee/2014/07082014-01.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00063-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941196 | 1,059 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Next Step Maine Employers' Initiative
Next Step Maine is a program of the Maine Development Foundation working in collaboration with business, community members, and educational partners across Maine to enhance the educational attainment of Maine's employees.
Next Step Maine Employers’ Initiative provides Maine's public and private employers with technical assistance, resources, and training opportunities for providing educational support services to employees, as well as statewide recognition for taking steps to promote educational advancement in the workplace. This initiative works with employers to:
• Raise awareness of the value of increased educational attainment to the individual, organization, and community
• Provide resources for navigating going back to school, completing a degree or credential, and finding the program that best fits the individual and the organization
• Connect stakeholders across the state to share resources, promote educational pathways, and inspire collaborative efforts
• Provide real-time job opportunities data to help stakeholders make informed next steps in their educational paths
Join the statewide initiative to enhance the educational attainment of Maine’s employees. Consider how you are currently supporting your employees to pursue education and career goals, and take just one more step to enhance those efforts. Learn more
Joining is simple and free. Visit nextstepmaine.org/employer/join to learn more.
As a Next Step Maine Employer, you will benefit from tuition discounts, scholarships for employees, public recognition, and connections to resources—not to mention the most important benefits: increased value and productivity of your workforce, higher retention rates, and employee loyalty.
Resources for Adult Learners
Next Step Maine is an online resource site designed to support Maine’s population of non-traditional students and working adults to help them increase their value in the workforce through increased skills and knowledge. We provide information on existing adult-friendly educational programs and related support resources for returning to school (financial information, tips for making decisions, partners and other support providers), representing 16 higher education partners statewide and a large listing of adult-friendly programs. Learn more.
This site is a program component of our Next Step Maine Employers’ Initiative .
Maine Employers' Initiative thanks our major funders for their support:
Maine nonprofit to help workers pay for college
May 17th, 2016
The News & Observer Read more...
$35,600 Awarded in Scholarships from Next Step Maine
May 12th, 2016
Maine Development Foundation opens Employer Nominations for 2016 the Next Step Maine Scholarship Program “Employees of Promise”
February 11th, 2016 | <urn:uuid:c326aa2f-d74b-4e44-92f3-086fa9f99c3a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mdf.org/mei_overview.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00487-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930051 | 516 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Start using our Holiday API
Use our Holiday data in your applications programmatically. No credit card is required to start.
Eritrea has a total of 20 holidays in 2020. In the table below, you will find the details of the holidays and when they are observed. All the information display below is also available via our API as well as downloadable as a csv. Signup here to get started.
These dates may be modified as official changes are announced, so please check back regularly for updates or sign up for our newsletter to receive regular updates. All updates are automatically added to our API as well.
Our API allows you to specify the State and Region as part of the API requests, thereby limiting the requests to a particular state or city. View the API documentation for a full description of the supported countries, states and regions.
||Wednesday, January 1, 2020||New Year’s Day is the first day of the year, or January 1, in the Gregorian calendar.|
|Orthodox Christmas Day
||Tuesday, January 7, 2020||Many Orthodox churches annually celebrate Christmas Day on or around January 7. This event commemorates the story of Jesus Christ’s birth, according to the Christian Bible.|
||Monday, January 20, 2020||Timket is a public holiday in Eritrea|
||Sunday, March 8, 2020||Women's Day is a public holiday in Eritrea|
||Friday, March 20, 2020||March Equinox in Eritrea (Asmara)|
|Coptic Good Friday
||Friday, April 17, 2020||Millions of Orthodox Christians around the world annually observe Good Friday to commemorate the events leading up to Jesus Christ's crucifixion.|
||Sunday, April 19, 2020||Millions of Orthodox Christians around the world often celebrate Easter Sunday at a different time to the date set by many western churches.|
|International Workers' Day
||Friday, May 1, 2020||International Workers' Day is a public holiday in Eritrea|
||Sunday, May 24, 2020||Eid-al-Fitr is a holiday to mark the end of the Islamic month of Ramadan, during which Muslims fast during the hours of daylight.|
||Sunday, May 24, 2020||Independence Day is a public holiday in Eritrea|
||Saturday, June 20, 2020||Martyrs' Day is a public holiday in Eritrea|
||Saturday, June 20, 2020||June Solstice in Eritrea (Asmara)|
||Friday, July 31, 2020||Eid al-Adha (Id ul-Adha) is an Islamic festival falling on the 10th day of the month of Dhul Hijja (Thou al-Hijja) to commemorate the willingness of Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son.|
|Commencement Day of Eritrean Armed Struggle
||Tuesday, September 1, 2020||Commencement Day of Eritrean Armed Struggle is a public holiday in Eritrea|
|Geez New Year
||Friday, September 11, 2020||Geez New Year is a public holiday in Eritrea|
||Tuesday, September 22, 2020||September Equinox in Eritrea (Asmara)|
||Sunday, September 27, 2020||Meskel is a public holiday in Eritrea|
|The Prophet's Birthday
||Thursday, October 29, 2020||Mawlid, or Milad, marks the birth of the Islamic prophet Muhammed, or Mohamed, in the year 570 of the Gregorian calendar.|
||Monday, December 21, 2020||December Solstice in Eritrea (Asmara)|
||Friday, December 25, 2020||Christmas Day is one of the biggest Christian celebrations and falls on December 25 in the Gregorian calendar.| | <urn:uuid:2c7c8b34-3a0a-4fd2-9141-6ed52aba25bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://calendarific.com/holidays/2020/ER | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.902316 | 877 | 1.929688 | 2 |
A 220 volt dehumidifier is used for removing humidity from your household air. There are many benefits to using a portable 220 volt dehumidifier, and some of them are listed below:
- This portable appliance does not cause window condensation problems. Condensation leads to dampness that can make the room colder and may cause other issues, including rust and corrosion.
- When used with air conditioners, a 220 volt dehumidifier can make the room ambience much more comfortable.
- Portable 220 volt dehumidifier units are economical and can be easily purchased. They usually cost between $100 to $400 (depending on their features, like water capacity, output, etc.).
- A 220 volt dehumidifier helps promote good health at home or any closed place. Health hazards involving excess atmospheric moisture like allergies and other respiratory conditions like COPD and asthma can be avoided when using a dehumidifier.
- A 220 volt dehumidifier also controls unhygienic conditions by hampering the breeding of microbes (viruses, bacteria, dust mites, mold, dust mites, etc.)
- A 220 volt dehumidifier will also keep your home free from the musty smell that is a result of high humid atmosphere.
- A 220 volt dehumidifier is also an efficient substitute for a room heater. A 220 volt dehumidifier releases good amount of heat into your home air which is also greater than the amount of electrical energy it consumes.
Choose a 220 volt dehumidifier that has a built-in humidistat. This feature is extremely beneficial as it measures the amount of air moisture at any point of time. It also makes sense to choose a dehumidifier that does not require any special installation procedure and works readily the moment you take it out of the box. Buying online is always a good idea, as it allows you to compare multiple 220 volt dehumidifiers and get the best prices in just a few clicks. | <urn:uuid:30f6a64d-eb5f-4b67-9718-82a541f47f27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.blog.samstores.com/benefits-of-using-a-portable-220-volt-dehumidifier/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.867863 | 413 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Which Joe gave his name to ‘sloppy joes’? We look at five interesting sandwiches and their lexical origins.
A weak person who always agrees with their political leader or their superior at work.
sycophant, toady, lackey, flunkey, minion, stooge, kowtower, truckler, groveller, crawler, creep, fawner, flatterer, lickspittle, uriah heep, puppet, cat's paw, instrument, pawn, underling, hanger-on, camp follower, doormat, spanielbootlickerpoodle, dogsbodysuck-upchamchaarse-licker, bum-suckerbrown-nose, ass-kisser, suckholetoad-eaterView synonyms
- ‘And now, it makes the policemen of 2003 seem like subservient yes-men.’
- ‘Are these people at the back yes-men and women?’
- ‘They are all a bunch of emasculated cronies and yes-men.’
- ‘Or his nervous yes-men (er, advisors) might deem to better (to their own necks) not to let him know.’
- ‘Do we simply pass it off as one of those things, or do we demand that they, like Japan's Tojo, and Italy's Mussolini, and Germany's Hitler, and all their yes-men followers, be tried in a properly constituted court of international law?’
- ‘And along their paths toward unsuccessful acting careers, there is a slough of cheats, slimeballs, yes-men, and kooks who wait to usher them far, far away from the stage and screen where they don't belong.’
- ‘It's just that none of those yes-men (or is it yes-people these days?) that you call advisors will ever tell you what you need to hear.’
- ‘‘Jean’ and his ilk are the ultimate yes-men and will do anything to appease a master.’
- ‘Steele is right about one thing - the likes of the Hungarian government, made up of former communist aparatchiks were well-used to being yes-men to a great power, when it was the USSR.’
- ‘The average soldier soon discovers to always be the yes-man, always stay motivated, and always know that the army is steadfast in its supremacy.’
- ‘‘The current non-executives are all yes-men,’ claimed Sloan.’
- ‘He accused the president of surrounding himself with yes-men, rewarding only sycophancy and punishing dissent.’
- ‘Most companies today are political backwaters, where yes-men and corporate kiss-ups are still the ones who get recognized and promoted.’
- ‘That can happen to rich guys, particularly touchy, thin-skinned rich guys who prefer to surround themselves with yes-men.’
- ‘Stars, however, are able to plug away with unlimited resources, the objective support of paid yes-men and, for reasons that are sometimes chemically related, a rather wonky perception of their own abilities.’
- ‘A country of yes-men is a country marked for destruction.’
- ‘He has spent the last few years purging the army to assure its loyalty, stuffing it with boot-clicking yes-men.’
- ‘But anyone who believes he was a puppet or a yes-man has never had to meet his steely glare or attempt to win an argument with him.’
- ‘In the film Local Hero, the rich American oil executive played by Burt Lancaster had one such man on his payroll; his role to deliver the critical barbs absent from the yes-men lackeys surrounding Lancaster.’
- ‘He was, says Kershaw, the most ardent believer in his own infallibility and destiny, who need do no more than hint at ‘a general licence for barbarism’ for the sycophants, opportunists and yes-men around him to sweep into murderous action.’
- ‘‘He has surrounded himself with a mafia of yes-men,’ said one long-standing and well-respected tour professional.’
We take a look at several popular, though confusing, punctuation marks.
From Afghanistan to Zimbabwe, discover surprising and intriguing language facts from around the globe.
The definitions of ‘buddy’ and ‘bro’ in the OED have recently been revised. We explore their history and increase in popularity. | <urn:uuid:a3ed0923-3527-4411-a5ad-ca63d2da84cd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/yes-man | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00150-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96468 | 1,008 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Weekly study4 hours
Social Enterprise: Business Doing Good
Can business do good? In this course, we explore different models of social enterprise and the local and global problems that they aim to address. If you work with a social enterprise or are thinking about launching one, this course provides a valuable foundation.
This course was developed by Middlesex University Business School, with Living in Minca and the Jindal Centre for Social Innovation & Entrepreneurship.
Learning on this course
On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments.
What will you achieve?
By the end of the course, you‘ll be able to...
- Reflect on the concept of social enterprise
- Discuss the different social enterprise models
- Identify successful social enterprises
- Engage with discussions about development and sustainability
Who is the course for?
This course is intended for anyone interested in learning more about social enterprise, including entrepreneurs, charities, working professionals and students.
Do you know someone who'd love this course? Tell them about it...
Learners who joined this course have also enjoyed these courses. | <urn:uuid:a02b41d0-0cd7-40ab-adb6-e4f8c7549192> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/social-enterprise-business | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.918746 | 260 | 2.15625 | 2 |
© 2011 Spot Water Management, Inc.
Spot Water Management can formulate a detailed water use and supply analysis report for a proposed new irrigation system. Watering requirements for plants and trees on new design are also included. Report describes anticipated water usage for new irrigation system using multiple watering requirement scenarios.
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Know how much water you're using as well as how much is available. | <urn:uuid:f6913772-b48b-4674-90ce-8316f11b0c25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.spotwater.com/SERVICES/waterusagesupply.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.942818 | 119 | 1.65625 | 2 |
You Can’t Make Me: Tips on Handling A Defiant Child
Have you got a stubborn child that doesn’t like to be told what to do? It seems the smallest request can quickly turn into a show down of wills.
Who needs defiance or a melt down just as your heading out the door in the morning or trying to get supper on the table? Here are a few great lines that can help get a more positive response and win the co-operation of even the most obstinate child.
1. Ask, Don’t Tell Strong will children object to being told what to do or to following orders. Instead of telling your child what they should do, try asking them what needs to happen. Instead of : Hang up your coat. Try: Where do coats go?
2. Control the Situation, Not The Child Often we threaten our children in order to get them to jump into action. Of course the strong willed child will just refuse and dig their heels in further. Instead, try a few changes to your wording that will turn threat into a simple statement of how the routines happen in your house.
Instead of “No supper until you clean the play room”, which is threatening and is a clear demonstration of your power to control them through punishment, try using what we call a “WHEN____ THEN____ statement. It looks like this saying this:
“WHEN the play room is cleaned up, THEN I’ll know you are ready for supper.” It sounds almost the same, but the meaning is very different.
The routines are now the boss, dictating what should happen, not a parent’s personal power over the child. In fact, said this way, the power is held by the child to decide for themselves, which is critically important to strong willed children.
3. Offer Choices Sharing power with the strong willed child is crucial. You can share power by giving choices. When a person has choice, they hold the power that comes with being the decision maker.
Here are some examples that could help move along a bedtime tuck-in:
Would you like to turn off the TV or shall I?
Would you like hop to the bathroom like a bunny to brush your teeth or slink like a fox?
Would you like to read Hansel and Gretel or The Three Little Pigs tonight?
4. Reflective Listening Instead of Replying With a Rebuttal It’s so easy to lock horns with the headstrong child. Too often we end up in counter productive arguments that has everyone defending their position in an endless fight of “point – counter point”. Instead, try something different when you hear your child make a rebuttal. Listen to them intensely instead of defending your own position.
Instead of: Child: I don’t want to wear my coat. Mom: you have to it’s freezing out there Child: Not for me it isn’t Mom: It’s only 40 degrees! You’ll catch a cold.
Try this: Child: I don’t want to wear a coat Mom: (reflecting back what the child is saying in word and body language) “Sounds like you’ve made up your mind and you’d like me to know that you’re deciding it’s a no coat day for you today!”
By listening, mom is reflecting back to the child that she does appreciate the child’s power, feelings their personal position on the matter.
When a child feels understood and empowered, they don’t have the need to push back and oppose you. You are proving by listening that you are more an ally than the enemy to oppose. You are “taking your wind out of their sail” as eminent child psychologist Dr Rudolf Driekurs would say. Your child is more likely to act constructively and cooperatively… over time!
5. Blame the Timer Your self-determined child does not like to feel that you are pushing your personal agenda on them. Instead of you announcing “It’s time go home” or “it’s time for bed”, which is almost always followed by the real or unspoken “because I said so!” and makes you the meanie to your child’s mind, instead, set a timer to ring to announce the time and share your disappointment!
“Oh, mister timer, I wish you were not ringing to say it’s time to go home. We were having fun at the park!”
Now, you and your child are on the same team, both upset with the time! Be sure to follow through with leaving.
Alyson Schafer is a psychotherapist and one of Canada’s leading parenting experts. Alyson is the best selling author of 3 parenting books; “Breaking The Good Mom Myth” and “Honey, I Wrecked The Kids” and her latest, “Ain’t MIsbehavin”. Alyson speaks regularly on parenting issues involving kids of all ages. | <urn:uuid:d7e3054f-9b14-4d18-ab9b-4cca08b4c1e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.parentingbookmark.com/post/you-can-t-make-me-tips-on-handling-a-defiant-child | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.948004 | 1,082 | 2.25 | 2 |
Dehydrated food used to be something functional and practical in certain situations. It was valued as a lightweight, compact, nutritious way to preserve food for hiking, survival kits, or even military meals. While some people dehydrated for home use, it wasn’t as common as freezing or canning. That doesn’t mean it’s new though! Dehydrating is an ancient method of food preservation, which historically utilized the sun and wind instead of an oven or fancy dehydrator.
“Dehydration is one of the oldest methods of food preservation and was used by prehistoric peoples in sun-drying seeds,” says Encyclopedia Britannica. “The North American Indians preserved meat by sun-drying slices, the Chinese dried eggs, and the Japanese dried fish and rice.”
Dehydrating food at home is becoming much more popular for both convenience and health reasons. Probably the most common reason is to have healthy alternatives to snack foods, such as banana or kale chips. Even less healthy foods, like jerky and fruit leather, are more healthy when made at home using better choices and less chemicals (such as artificial colouring, flavours and preservatives). The popularity and expense of dehydrated pet treats has resulted in more pet parents opting to make their own as well.
Dehydrating food is just that – removing moisture. Water content is what allows bacteria, mold and other organisms to grow. You can remove the moisture without compromising the nutrient content. In fact, nutrients are more concentrated when the moisture is removed from fruits and vegetables. You can use your oven, a dehydrator, or a sun/solar dryer to dehydrate food.
Dried food can be safely stored for long periods and then eaten as is, or be rehydrated. They’re great for mobile snacks or to quickly throw into your Instant Pot with other ingredients for a fast, nutritious meal. You can make your own dried herb mixes too!
The most common error people make when dehydrating food (especially meat) is not maintaining a high enough temperature to prevent spoilage during the dehydration process. In fact, many cheap dehydrators don’t reach a high enough temperature to dehydrate meat at all, and are only meant to be used for fruit and vegetables.
As a general rule, if there is no temperature control on the dehydrator it probably doesn’t get hot enough to use for meat. With so many recalls due to contaminated produce in recent years, a higher temperature is also advisable for vegetables and fruit. Your dehydrator (or oven) must be able to maintain a temperature of 145°F, preferably higher. It can’t hurt to run a test using a thermometer without food to ensure your dehydrator is hot enough.
For added safety, use extra-lean meat sliced to no more than 1/4 inch thick. You’ll find cold meat is easiest to thinly slice. Place it in the freezer for about half an hour and slice immediately.
It should be noted that while you can save a lot of money in electricity by using a solar food dryer, it isn’t as versatile due to safety concerns. We recommend you stick to fruit when sun drying, as the sugar and acids protect it from spoilage as it dries.
How long can I store dehydrated food?
Jerky lasts for 2-6 months if stored in a cool, dark place. Fruit and vegetables last even longer if stored properly. You can freeze dehydrated food for 6-12 months and this is the safest option.
For a longer shelf life, consider using a vacuum sealer or store in an air-tight container or mason jar. There’s no need to spend a fortune on a vacuum sealer. I’ve had a basic Seal-A-Meal for years and it still works like a charm. The best thing about a vacuum sealer is it can be used to preserve any number of foods and is particularly useful for preventing freezer burn.
There is more detailed information available that will teach you about the best foods to dehydrate, drying times, preventing browning and retaining colour, safe storage, and so on. I picked up a book a couple of years ago that covers it all, called The Beginner’s Guide to Dehydrating Food: How to Preserve All Your Favorite Vegetables, Fruits, Meats, and Herbs, by Teresa Marrone.
How to Make Fruit Leather
- Choose your favourite kind of ripe fruit.
- Wash, remove peel, seeds and stems as required.
- Cut fruit into cubes if necessary. You’ll need about 2 cups of fruit for each 13″ x 15″ inches of fruit leather. Add 3 TBSP of sugar if desired. Puree until smooth.
- To prevent browning, add 2 tsp of lemon juice for each 2 cups light colored fruit (such as apples, pears or bananas).
- For oven drying, use a 13″ X 15″ pan with edges. Line pan with parchment paper or plastic wrap and smooth out wrinkles. Don’t use waxed paper or aluminum foil.
- Spread puree evenly onto the pan without touching the edge of the pan.
- Place in the oven at 140°F for approximately 8-12 hours.
- While still warm, peel the fruit leather from plastic wrap and roll or cut into shapes. Store in plastic wrap for up to one month at room temperature, or one year in the freezer.
I find a square dehydrator works best, but a round one can be used too.
- Spread puree evenly onto tray lined with parchment paper.
- Set dehydrator temperature to 140°F for approximately 12 hours. This can vary widely depending on the efficiency of your dehydrator. When it’s done, it should feel smooth to the touch and not stick to your fingers.
- Cut and roll in parchment paper.
Play with this beef jerky recipe until it’s the perfect taste for you.
3/4 cup Worcestershire sauce
3/4 cup soy sauce
1 TBSP smoked paprika
1 TBSP honey
2 tsp black pepper
1 tsp red pepper flakes
1 tsp garlic powder
1 tsp onion powder
2 pounds beef (thinly sliced or ground meat)
- Whisk together Worcestershire sauce, soy sauce, paprika, honey, black pepper, red pepper flakes, garlic powder, and onion powder in a large bowl.
- Add beef to bowl and mix until the beef is completely coated. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and marinate in the refrigerator for at least three hours.
- Preheat oven to 175°F.
- Line a baking sheet (with edges) with aluminum foil. Place a wire rack over the foil.
- Remove the beef from the marinade and place on paper towels to dry.
- Place beef slices in a single layer on the prepared wire rack over baking sheet. Bake until dry and leathery, approximately 3-4 hours.
- Cut to desired size and store in a cool, dry place or freeze.
Place marinated meat strips on dehydrator tray and dry at 145+°F until they reach preferred dryness.
How to Make Banana Chips
Sea salt or Cinnamon
- Peel the bananas and slice them very thin. Brush with lemon juice to reduce browning.
- Bake at 250°F for approximately 1½ – 2 hours, turning about halfway through. If you’re using a dehydrator, start drying at 150°F for a couple of hours, then reduce temperature to 130°F.
- Season with sea salt or cinnamon.
How to Make Zucchini Chips
- Slice zucchini into very thin, uniform slices.
- Lay the slices in a single layer a dehydrator tray or baking pan for the oven. Sprinkle with seasoning of your choice.
- Dry at 125°F until dry and crispy. Check often and remove slices that are done while leaving the rest to continue drying.
Tip: I can tell you from experience that hand slicing food so thinly is difficult and tedious. Thin, uniform slices are SO much easier to create if you use a Mandoline Slicer on firm fruit and vegetables.
Your New “Normal”
Once you start, you may be inspired to get more and more creative with the foods you dehydrate. You’ll find lots of recipes online and there are some fantastic cookbooks out there too.
Preserving your own food is healthy, rewarding, practical and addictive! Check out some other methods of preserving food and make it your new way of life.
??? What are your favourite ways to use a dehydrator to preserve food? Please share your recipes or questions in the comments below.
✔ You may also be interested in reading:
Food Preservation Guide III – Jam, Jelly and Fruit Preserves
Food Preservation Guide II – Canning and Pickling Tips and Recipes
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Considered one of the most influential contemporary American artists, Carrie Mae Weems has investigated family relationships, cultural identity, sexism, class, political systems and the consequences of power. Determined as ever to enter the picture— both literally and metaphorically—Weems has sustained an on-going dialogue within contemporary discourse for over thirty years. During this time Carrie Mae Weems has developed a complex body of art employing photographs, text, fabric, audio, digital images, installation, and video.
In a recent review of her retrospective in the New York Times, Holland Cotter wrote, “Ms. Weems is what she has always been, a superb image maker and a moral force, focused and irrepressible.” Weems has participated in numerous solo and group exhibitions at major national and international museums including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Frist Center for Visual Art, Solomon Guggenheim Museum in New York, and the Centro Andaluz de Arte Contemporáneo in Seville, Spain.
Weems has received numerous awards, grants and fellowships including the prestigious Prix de Roma, The National Endowment of the Arts, the Alpert, the Anonymous was a Woman and the Tiffany Awards. In 2012, Weems was presented with one of the first US Department of State’s Medals of Arts in recognition for her commitment to the State Department’s Art in Embassies program.
In 2013 Weems received the MacArthur “Genius” grant as well as the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation’s Lifetime Achievement Award. Since she has also received the BET Honors Visual Artist award, the Lucie Award for Fine Art photography, the ICP Spotlights Award from the International Center of Photography, the W.E.B. Du Bois Medal from Harvard University, the Distinguished Feminist Award from the College Arts Association, and the National Artist Award from Anderson Ranch.
Ever invested in social causes, Weems also serves on the board of several institutions including People for the American Way, The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Art21, the Everson Museum of Art, and the Gifford Foundation.
She is represented in public and private collections around the world, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY; The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; the Museum of Modern Art, NY and Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles.
Weems has been represented by Jack Shainman Gallery since 2008. | <urn:uuid:7f0526ed-06db-4074-8569-46c39f5c8808> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://carriemaeweems.net/bio.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00464-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947564 | 504 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Any savings from cheap oil should go to green energy: Nunavut MLA
"I will take your suggestions into serious consideration" — Keith Peterson
The Government of Nunavut must do more to find alternatives to diesel-fueled power generation, and now is the time to get started, says Iqaluit-Tasiluk MLA George Hickes.
Low oil prices offer a rare chance for the government to gain a surplus in its annual budget for fuel, and an opportunity to use those gains to invest in alternative energy, Hickes said in the legislative assembly, March 13.
“Right now, the cost of oil is low. Traditionally, it’s always increased,” Hickes later told Nunatsiaq News.
So far this year, oil prices have hovered around $50 a barrel or less.
“We’ve got an opportunity to take advantage of some of those savings in a way that’s going to help us build some infrastructure for future savings, when and if the fuel prices do increase.”
The MLA told Finance Minister Keith Peterson that the government should use those savings to start “exploring some alternative energy solutions.”
He recommended Nunavut start with small-scale investments in alternative energy pilot projects — geared to help diminish the territory’s reliance on fossil fuels for power generation.
“If we take a look at just using solar panels, or small scale wind [turbines] as an example — on some of the hospitals, some of our schools and some of our health centres, and other government infrastructure,” Hickes told Peterson.
The finance minister clarified that the GN doesn’t purchase all of the territory’s fuel for upcoming fiscal year and said he has “no idea what the final savings will be, if any,” as a result of low oil prices.
“The way the global crisis is going, fuel later this year may be back up to $100 for all we know,” Peterson said. “It could happen that fast.”
“I would like a commitment from the government that savings are realized from our annual fuel resupply, that this will be an option that will be explored — instead of leaving the money in general revenue,” Hickes responded.
Peterson then pointed out that the government has many competing demands, and any savings from pre-purchasing fuel “could be used in other priority areas.”
“We’ve talked about health centres, community halls, ice arenas, office buildings — you name it, we have priorities everywhere,” he said.
But, he added, as the minister also responsible for the territory’s government-owned energy supplier, Qulliq Energy Corp., “I am an advocate of alternative energy.”
“I’m also an advocate for efficiencies,” Peterson said. “So I will take your suggestions into serious consideration.”
Hickes said small-scale alternative energy projects in Nunavik and other northern jurisdictions have already demonstrated the potential for savings using solar power and wind.
He pointed to Nunavut Arctic College which has generated power from solar panels for many years at a savings of “tens of thousands” of dollars. Wind turbine projects have also demonstrated savings at mines, he noted.
Similar initiatives by the GN would show the federal government that the territorial government is serious about exploring energy alternatives, Hickes said.
“It would lend more credence to the premier’s arguments at the federal level,” the MLA said, “like when we’re asking for these major funding projects for green energy that are hundreds of millions of dollars, we can show them we’re serious about it already.”
The GN’s 2015-2016 budget, tabled last month, doesn’t include any designated money for alternative energy projects.
Premier Peter Taptuna said in the March 12 sitting of the assembly that unlike Nunavut, other Canadian jurisdictions “have collected royalties for years to put in their coffers so they can actually build alternative energy infrastructure, such as hydro dams.
“We don’t have that luxury,” Taptuna said. “At this point, we have to go to Ottawa and ask for mega-millions of dollars to build basic needs infrastructure.”
A hydro energy project in Iqaluit by Qulliq, which costs upwards of $450 million, stalled last year, and “every year we wait, the costs go up,” the premier said.
Hickes added that if government did save money on fuel resupply this year and decided to invest in alternative energy, staff could look in their own backyard for investment options
“I’d like to bring more recognition to alternative energy research that already is ongoing in Nunavut, and put a little bit of action behind some of the research that is being done out there.” | <urn:uuid:6c4c7a76-f49e-48cb-be0f-dcaf4ad35d01> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/stories/article/65674any_savings_from_cheap_oil_should_go_to_green_energy_nunavut_mla/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00301-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944886 | 1,057 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Ricochet is the best place on the internet to discuss the issues of the day, either through commenting on posts or writing your own for our active and dynamic community in a fully moderated environment. In addition, the Ricochet Audio Network offers over 50 original podcasts with new episodes released every day.
The new highly publicized movie “On the Basis of Sex” offers a somewhat fictionalized account of the early professional life of Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Intermingled with her life story, the film presents an idealized narrative of her early legal crusade against gender discrimination, fought in part with her late (and most devoted) husband, the eminent tax lawyer Martin Ginsburg.
Ginsburg argued or participated in several of the early influential cases on sex discrimination and went on to found the Women’s Rights Project at the American Civil Liberties Union. When she started teaching, she was one of only about 20 female law professors in the United States. She was very much a pioneer in the women’s rights movement, motivated by her own life experiences. She had on numerous occasions been rejected from positions solely on grounds of her sex, notwithstanding her great academic distinction, and was well aware that similar obstacles fell in the path of other women who sought to make a career in the law. The film goes into these issues in depth, but I shall not dwell on them here. I am a lawyer, not a film critic, so I will comment only on Justice Ginsburg’s substantive arguments against gender discrimination
Most legal writers support Justice Ginsburg’s position that both the Due Process and the Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibit government discrimination on the basis of sex. I offer a split verdict on her legal efforts and of those who followed in her path. I think that she was right on the early cases that sought to get rid of senseless distinctions based on gender. But as the law subsequently developed, she and the courts pushed the crusade too far, creating new forms of gender imbalance that the law should have resisted. Failure to understand the economics of discrimination have led courts to impose new versions of the very discrimination that the law is intended to eliminate. In general, truly competitive markets do a better job in rooting out gender discrimination than government regulation.
The antidiscrimination norm has a powerful a hold on the legal imagination. When properly applied to government action, it reduces or eliminates implicit transfers of wealth or opportunities from a disfavored to a favored group. Just that situation arose in Reed v. Reed, a unanimous 1971 Supreme Court decision handed down by Chief Justice Warren Burger. Ginsburg was one of the authors of the winning brief, but did not get to argue that case before the Court.
At issue in Reed was which of two separated adoptive parents of the minor decedent was entitled under Idaho law to administer his estate, given the absence of any designation by will. The applicable law preferred the father over the mother, solely on the basis of sex. Chief Justice Burger noted that the government normally has the power to make tax classifications, but then added that these classifications had to have some rational relationship to the ends in view, which this Idaho classification did not. The state could not justify this male preference, as it vainly tried to do before the Court, on the ground that it would save the cost of having a hearing to decide who should receive the honor. A coin flip would work every bit as well.
Reed set the table for Moritz v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, which Ruth and Marty Ginsburg argued jointly before the Tenth Circuit in 1972. The applicable provision of the Internal Revenue Code, Section 214, provided a deduction for care of certain dependents, which was only available to “a taxpayer who is a woman or widower, or is a husband whose wife is incapacitated or is institutionalized.” Charles Moritz provided the needed care to his elderly mother but was not eligible for the deduction because he was a bachelor who never married. A unanimous Tenth Circuit relied on Reed to extend the provision to cover him on the ground that Section 214, as written, was arbitrary and capricious, and hence violated the Due Process clause. The Internal Revenue Service had offered no rational basis for letting a bachelor fall between the cracks.
Reed and Moritz are examples of the anti-discrimination norm working to remove archaic laws. But later challenges to explicit gender-based distinctions were not so easy to defend. In the 1973 Supreme Court case of Frontiero v. Richardson, Ginsburg participated in oral argument as an amicus on behalf of the ACLU. Frontiero asked whether a female servicewoman had to prove that her husband depended on her for more than one-half of his support in order to be classified as a “dependent,” when the wife of a serviceman benefited from a conclusive presumption in favor of that position.
On the face of it, the distinction between whether a wife or husband counts as a dependent seems to reek of discrimination. But the law imposing it may have resulted in more accurate determinations for both class of dependents: it was relatively rare at the time to find women who were not dependent on their husbands but quite common to find husbands of servicewomen who were financially independent. Requiring women to prove dependency was unnecessarily costly. Not requiring husbands to prove it was open to letting in too many ineligible men. The statutory distinction was intended to minimize the sum of error and administrative costs, which is often the mark of a sensible law. Flipping a coin may have eliminated the gender-based unfairness in Reed but it would be of no use here.
In spite of these serious administrative arguments for the statute, the Court struck down the law, but the Justices differed among themselves as to the correct rationale. Four justices, led by Justice Brennan, thought distinctions on sex required the same level of scrutiny as those on race. But four other justices favored an intermediate level of scrutiny, only to conclude that this law did not meet that lower standard. Then-Justice Rehnquist dissented. Today, no one would support this statutory distinction, given massive changes in military service and labor markets.
The misapplication of the antidiscrimination norm was much more pronounced in Craig v. Boren, a 1976 Supreme Court case in which Justice Brennan struck down an Oklahoma statute that forbade the sale of nonintoxicating” beer with the low alcohol level of 3.2% to males under the age of 21 while allowing its sale to females between the ages of 18 and 20. For regular beer, the uniform age was 21.
The basic concern was about the risks of drinking and driving. To strike down the law, Justice Brennan had to ignore the undeniable fact that men between 18 and 20 as a group are far riskier drivers than women in that same age bracket. It is, of course, never the case that all women in that age bracket are safer or more responsible drivers then men of the same age—that they’re less likely to drive dangerously—but when passing legislation to deal with uncertainties it never makes sense to ignore known probabilities. If other relevant factors might tip the scale—a record of driving violations—then these can also be taken into account as well. But the presence of additional factors does not negate the relevance of gender classifications. Every unregulated insurance company uses risk-adjusted premiums to prevent dangerous cross-subsidies of men by women. Why should the government be any different? The Equal Protection and Due Process arguments support the distinction Oklahoma made. Treating unlike cases alike is as much a form of gender discrimination as treating like cases differently.
The failure to take sex differences into account has also roiled pension markets. Women as a class outlive men by about five years, and that difference is universally reflected in private pension markets. But in Los Angeles Water & Power v. Manhart, Justice Stevens thought that antidiscrimination law overrode market preferences for employer-based plans. True, as in Craig v, Boren, sex is not a perfect predictor of life expectancy, and other factors, like smoking, influence the differences in life expectancy. But the proper response is to add that additional information into the rate classification. It is not to scrap the basic sex-related judgment as Justice Stevens did. Ignoring sex makes it certain that men will provide cross-subsidies to women in pension plans.
In normal pension and insurance markets, the amounts that any individual pays and collects are independent of all other people in the pool. But once sex differences are ignored, pool composition becomes critical: the more women in the pool, the lower the payouts for both men and women. Justice Stevens said that firms could avoid these problems by giving men and women the same lump sum which they could then use to purchase pensions (with different payouts) in the voluntary market. But his solution leaves both men and women worse off, because the dangers of adverse selection by potential insureds in the individual market will drive rates up for members of both groups.
In pension markets, these problems can be controlled. Most married couples prefer self-and-survivor annuities, and where the imbalance still exists, firms have some wiggle room to reduce the wage base for women relative to men—at the risk of facing a second round of discrimination charges. But with health care insurance, these mitigating factors are not present in the individual market, where actuarially fair rates often depend on pricing by sex and age. Now huge cross subsidies can wreck the market.
One example: it costs roughly five times as much to offer health care insurance for someone 65 years of age relative to someone at 25 years. The Affordable Care Act imposes a system of “community rating” that only allows a three-to-one ratio. The cross-subsidies are huge in contrast with market-based rates, where a person pays the same for insurance regardless of who else is in the pool. Consider the 25-year old asked to pay $100 in annual premiums. The market is in equilibrium when the younger person pays only one-sixth the amount of an older person: $16.67 versus $83.33. But the three-to-one community-rating cap means that he pays $25 of the $100 bill. Hence one-third of the total premium ($8.33/$25) is a cross-subsidy, which helps explain the constant stress that the ACA imposes on private markets.
These examples illustrate how best to apply the antidiscrimination laws. Use them to lower administrative and error costs—never to raise them. Use them to prevent cross-subsidies; never to impose them. Reed and Moritz followed these principles. Frontiero, a close case, probably violated the first of these principles. Craig, Manhart, and the ACA all violate both—leaving everyone worse off than they would be otherwise. On the Basis of Sex, like the modern antidiscrimination laws, is blind to these economic realities.Published in | <urn:uuid:f580e668-7fc2-45b8-a0f0-b870b1b26828> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ricochet.com/586658/the-real-story-behind-on-the-basis-of-sex/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.966074 | 2,249 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Nausea is a common pregnancy symptom during the first trimester, but as you enter the fourth month of your pregnancy and the second trimester, you probably hope to say goodbye to nausea. However, that is not always the case. Every pregnancy is different, and while many women see their nausea subside as they enter their second trimester, others still have to deal with nausea during their fourth month.
The Good News
By the beginning of the second trimester, many pregnant women notice that their nausea and vomiting start to subside. The surge in hormones related to pregnancy causes nausea, and many women seem to adjust to the rising hormone levels by the second trimester and start to feel better. While you should not expect your nausea to disappear as soon as you turn four months, you might notice that symptoms subside throughout the fourth month.
The Bad News
Some women enter their fourth month and begin their second trimester with nausea and vomiting as strong as their first trimester. There is no medical explanation for why some pregnant women see symptoms subside and others do not. If you still have nausea during your fourth month, it does not mean you'll experience nausea throughout your pregnancy. You could, but it could also go away at any time.
If you experience severe nausea and vomiting into your fourth month, you could have a condition called hyperemesis gravidarum. If you cannot keep anything down in your fourth month, ask your doctor to look into this as a diagnosis. This condition can lead to dehydration, which is serious during pregnancy. It also can affect the nutrition you get --- because you can't keep anything down, your baby is taking nutrients from your body, which may leave you feeling depleted.
If you are still experiencing nausea at four months, talk to your obstetrician or midwife about getting a prescription for antinausea medication, which can drastically help and are safe during pregnancy. You can also turn to home remedies such as ginger ale, which can help calm your stomach. Eating bland foods can also help. | <urn:uuid:ad2979ad-0eaf-4846-bc9e-aeec6c29b6da> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.livestrong.com/article/516392-four-months-pregnant-nausea/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00160-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979393 | 416 | 2.640625 | 3 |
indices specifying elements to extract or
replace. Indices are
vectors or empty (missing) or
values are coerced to integer as by
as.integer (and hence truncated towards
zero). Character vectors will be matched to the
names of the object (or for
‘Character indices’ below for further details.
... can be logical vectors, indicating
elements/slices to select. Such vectors are recycled if
necessary to match the corresponding extent.
... can also be negative integers,
indicating elements/slices to leave out of the selection.
When indexing arrays by
[ a single argument
i can be a matrix with as many columns as there
are dimensions of
x; the result is then a vector
with elements corresponding to the sets of indices in
each row of
An index value of
NULL is treated as if it were | <urn:uuid:4e65cf73-43fa-4710-be98-2afb4fd0e8c9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://rdrr.io/cran/ALKr/man/extract-methods.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00215-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.7787 | 187 | 2.90625 | 3 |
PORTLAND, Ore. (KOIN) — A growing number of Portland neighbors are letting others plant produce in their yards, and it’s turning into a winning situation for everyone.
Albert Kaufman started the Farm My Yard concept in the Portland area a few years ago. It connects homeowners with people who are into urban farming. Volunteers do the work and both parties share the harvest.
One of those whose yard is being farmed is Brenda Sutton. She put a sign in her front yard and now others, including Justin Simms, are planting everything from carrots to beets.
“The perks of walking into your garden and picking fresh lettuce and adding some fresh basil that you just picked and some dill on top of that salad, it makes you not want to buy a bag of salad again,” Sutton said.
Some of the food is now ending up at local farmers markets. | <urn:uuid:c20a0627-ad15-4252-bd93-412570e33ac7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://koin.com/2014/03/16/farm-yard-grows-popular-portland/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00528-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971458 | 183 | 1.570313 | 2 |
News & activities of Fermilab Natural Areas, an environmental science program at Fermilab
Monday, March 5, 2012
Butterfly Monitoring Classes at Fermilab
Tom Peterson, Fermilab engineer and resident butterfly expert, will be leading two butterfly monitoring classes at Fermilab this spring.
Saturday, May 5, 10:00 a.m. to noon at Fermilab. A beginners' butterfly monitoring and identification class.
Saturday, June 2, 10:00 a.m. to noon at Fermilab. An intermediate-level butterfly monitoring and identification class.
Although these classes are intended for people who may be interested in becoming, or already are, members of the Illinois Butterfly Monitoring Network, visitors are also welcome! The beginner class spends about 45 minutes covering when, where, how, and why we monitor butterflies in the Chicago region. The rest of the class is devoted to viewing photographs of the 20 or so most common local butterflies, discussing their habits, and how to identify them.
The intermediate level class follows a similar pattern. However, more time is spent reviewing butterfly identifications with emphasis on some of the more difficult butterflies to identify.
Both classes will be in Wilson Hall, the main high-rise building at Fermilab, conference room 1 North, which is on the west side of the main atrium. People may drive in from either Kirk Road via the Pine Street entrance or from Rt. 59 via Batavia Road. Parking is available around Wilson Hall. Walk in the main entrance to Wilson Hall; the room is about half way through the atrium, on the right. Registration is helpful, though not required.
Thanks for your support of FNA! If you would like to join us, renew, or change your support level, visit the Membership page, or simply contact us by email.
Rain Barrels for Sale
Fermilab Natural Areas is selling environmentally-friendly 55-gallon food-grade rain barrels for $65.
If you love Fermilab and our natural areas, and if you would like to help out in a very material and important way, volunteer to help us with our fundraising efforts. The model we want to pursue to raise money for projects is primarily to write grant proposals to fund individual projects that address the three main parts of our mission: restoration, community, and ecology research.
If you have some experience in writing grants or other fundraising, send us an email.
T-shirts for Sale
Fermilab Natural Areas has T-shirts! Order yours by calling Jeanette at 630-840-4845. Short-sleeved shirts are just $15 and long-sleeves are $18. Both sport the FNA logo on the front, and our website on the back. | <urn:uuid:66f806f2-7c06-4879-a9a3-e5332c408d8e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://fermilabnaturalareas.blogspot.com/2012/03/butterfly-monitoring-classes-at.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00080-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926208 | 579 | 1.6875 | 2 |
GUY RAZ, HOST:
This week, Twitter agreed to pull racist tweets from an account after a French organization threatened to sue. The company has resisted efforts to police its content. But hate speech is illegal in many European countries. And now, anti-hate groups there are grappling with how to deal with the challenge of social media. Here's NPR's Eleanor Beardsley from Paris.
ELIE PETIT: (Foreign language spoken)
ELEANOR BEARDSLEY, BYLINE: At the Paris office of the French Union of Jewish Students, Vice President Elie Petit takes calls while he works on his computer. He shows how it all began on October 10th.
PETIT: If I type un bon juif, which means a good Jew, I can see from the 10th of October to the 15th of October, it was full of tweets against Jews. And it was written, for example, a good Jew is a dead Jew. A good Jew is a burned Jew. In France, we don't call this, as Twitter said yesterday, abuse content. This is not abuse content. It's the call for murder of Jews, and this is a crime in France.
BEARDSLEY: Many European countries have strict laws against hate speech targeted at specific groups. The policies evolved in the aftermath of the Holocaust, which came about after years of Nazi hate propaganda. Petit and his colleagues held a conference call Thursday night with Twitter executives in California and tried to explain the French point of view. But he says Twitter refused to delete the tweets, claiming the demand must come from national authorities or police. So the Jewish students prepared to file a lawsuit. But on Friday, Twitter backed down, saying it would erase the offensive tweets.
MANUEL DIAZ: What happened now with the Jewish community in France, it's a real issue for Twitter.
BEARDSLEY: That's Manuel Diaz, whose company, Emakina, advises corporations on how to adapt to the digital era. Diaz says he's ardently against controls on free speech. But he says as Twitter now bills itself as a global media player and not just a social network, it must take responsibility for its content.
DIAZ: The contents spread around through Twitter has to respect the different local laws of the different countries where they are accessible.
BEARDSLEY: That's not an easy task for a global company. Almost immediately after the French group announced its agreement with Twitter, the tweetosphere railed against what some users saw as an attack on freedom of expression. Twitter's decision in France came a day after the company bowed to German law and blocked an account of a banned neo-Nazi group there. But digital expert Diaz says Twitter has to react even faster if it wants to prosper in the international media market.
DIAZ: Waiting for the French state or the French police department to do something, well, the buzz is already out and it's too late. If they are not able to monitor a buzz and to take some decisions very quickly, I would be very disappointed.
BEARDSLEY: Disappointed, says Diaz, in what he considers the best real-time media tool in the world. Twitter shouldn't censor, he says, but it should build global monitoring teams to take decisions quickly in cases like the French one. If Twitter can detect and quickly suspend fake accounts, as it has done in the past, then it can easily suspend tweets that don't respect local laws. Eleanor Beardsley, NPR News, Paris.
NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record. | <urn:uuid:132c50ac-7945-4189-899d-6021960dfde1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=163315105 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00479-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965713 | 795 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Once you have your radio set up and on the correct channel, you are ready to transmit.
Each time you transmit you should:
– say the station you are calling (up to three times depending on the situation),
– say “This is” followed by your vessel’s name
– Say “Over” if you want a response OR “Out” if you do not.
The station you call should follow the same rules.
LEARN: Before the course, make sure you know the basic structure of a radio conversation and the way the words are used.
A conversation on the radio might go like this (what you say is in RED and the response is in BLUE):
Po, Po, Po [up to 3 times]
This is Dipsy, Dipsy, Dipsy [up to 3 times]
Dipsy [now just say the vessel’s name once]
This is Po
Po, this is Dipsy
We are two miles southeast of Mousehole – what is your position?
Dipsy, this is Po
We are just outside Mousehole Harbour
Po, this is Dipsy
Fine, have a beer waiting
Dipsy, This is Po Out
Using Channel 16
If you do not know which channel another boat is on, it is often correct to assume they are listening to channel 16 (there is no guarantee).
In this case you would call the vessel on Channel 16 and if they respond you move quickly to another channel where you continue your conversation.
Your conversation on channel 16 might start like this (what you say is inRED and the response is in BLUE):
Tinky Winky, Tinky Winky,
This is Lala
This is Tinky Winky
T his is Lala
Going Channel 06
You both change to channel 06 and Lala transmits first.
What if I don’t get a reply?
If you call a boat on channel 16 and you don’t get a responce you should not simply keep calling. You should:
– wait 2 minute then call again;
– then wait another 2 minutes then call again;
– then finally call after 3 minutes before giving up.
The content of these pages is put together in good faith and is constantly evolving. It is possible that errors exist within this content.
If you spot an error or would like to add anything to these pages please contact us via email.
Reading the content of these pages is not a substitute for completing a RYA SRC Course or similar. | <urn:uuid:2ed0bf0e-6729-4239-9d50-38db4d2b16ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pzsc.org.uk/radio/routine-calling-without-dsc/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.915852 | 577 | 2.328125 | 2 |
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cattle rustlers from Gonzales county, in the West Hardin community. In our crowd were Jim Sutton, Fred House,
In 1871 my father went up the trail with a herd, his straight mark and brand. He came back with his outfit, horses and wagon. With him came Dick Crew, whose native state was Ohio. Dick lived with us quite awhile and we thought it strange that a man from the north could ride and rope so well. I would like to know what became of him. We all thought a great deal of Dick Crew.
In 1875 we left the Cibolo, in Wilson county, with 2,100 head of mixed cattle going West. We followed the Cibolo as far as Selma in order to have water. From Selma we crossed the Salado at the old Austin Crossing, then to the head of the San Antonio River where Brackenridge Park is now located, where we watered. Then went on to Leon Springs. The next water at San Geronimo, then Pipe Creek, and from there to Bandera, following the Medina River up to the present site of Medina | <urn:uuid:2e05a974-52f4-4e45-aa4a-fc365654f984> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lib.utexas.edu/books/texasclassics/traildrivers/txu-oclc-12198638-c-0675.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00308-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977882 | 261 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Computer Science prepares students to design and implement innovative computing solutions to real world problems. Areas of study include (but not limited to) algorithms, software engineering, graphics, artificial intelligence, robotics, databases, theory of computation, networks and Internet technologies.
We offer a Bachelor of Science in Engineering (BSE) with the following emphases:
Electrical and Computer Engineering
(BSE) is accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET, www.abet.org.
Whether interested in a major or a minor in Engineering, we offer what you need. Our programs combine classroom studies, in-the-field experience, research and internships with top-notch companies to prepare you to be the best engineer possible.
Bachelor of Science in Computing with the following emphases:
- Computer Science
- Software Systems
BS in Computing is accredited by the Computing Accreditation Commission of ABET, www.abet.org.
Andrews Computing students get the opportunity to work interactively with real-world environments on projects that range from computer graphics to web applications. | <urn:uuid:60e84d35-128a-415a-bba6-1d6618b8cd91> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.andrews.edu/cas/ecs/programs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718957.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00435-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.878373 | 219 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Are you one of the 71 percent?
A recent One Poll poll found that 71% believe that it is always wrong to cause animals pain and suffering. Most people wouldn’t dream of harming animals, and many of us share our homes with dogs, cats, and other animals whom we love and consider family. But the reality is that everyday animals are subject to pain and suffering for food, entertainment, in the wild and for experimentation.
The good news is that you can help stop this! Order a FREE information pack below, and you’ll get all of the help and tips you need to help animals in your everyday life.
By filling out this form, you will receive an email from Animal Aid with a number of links and downloadable resources. If you would like to stay up to date with our work, please select that option below to sign up to our regular email newsletters. | <urn:uuid:1aa57bb3-25f5-4596-92e6-2ec6ef0268c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://animalaid.e-activist.com/page/103052/subscribe/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.947766 | 181 | 1.867188 | 2 |
They key issue of the comic strip is to persuade Anita to unnoticeably steal money from the $500 million dollar company, Anita is employed for. The thing also that comes to my mind is how open they are talking about it, because some companies will have cameras in certain areas. Tonya was also trying to make a good argument by how much money the company made in a year.
Anita did suspend judgment because is used criticalthinking when she made her decision. Anita waited until the next day before she did anything about it. I think when she opened her empty wallet, she had an issue on whether to steal or not.
I think she applied both logic and moral value. The logic is if Anita got caught, she could have been terminated. The moral value is stealing is wrong, and I think Anita took the time to identify the issue.
Anita solved the problem and took action when she called human resources anonymously; make a decision not be involved in stealing.
My personal issue was starving myself because of my ex-husband, the position I finally took was leaving after 6 years, and the consideration that helped me determine my position was my 4 year old daughter.
I did suspend judgment before I left. I was trying to make it work because I wanted my daughter to have a mother and father. On the other hand, when I did finally leave, I immediately took the position and I have never looked back.
I did use logic after all that time, because I knew if I kept going like I was, I was not going to be around to see her grow up. My inside health was more important than what I look like on the outside.
I solved a problem by getting my body back to a normal healthy weight. I made the decision to leave and put myself first, instead of him. The action I took leaving and going to the doctor for a check up to make sure everything was ok. | <urn:uuid:491732ae-0bbe-4ea4-8a9f-f6cef9454469> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.brainia.com/essays/Anita's-Issue/105943.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00290-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.993369 | 391 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Guest Author - Connie Krochmal
Easy to grow, the pin cushion or mamillarias are among the most popular cacti. Also known as wart cactus, these are native to the New World.
These are suitable as houseplants. Low growing, they do especially well in indoor light gardens. In addition, they can be grown outdoors as garden plants in warmer areas.
They prefer a quick draining, somewhat coarse soil. They benefit from the addition of some calcium to the potting soil. These species require warm temperatures during the growing season. During the winter, a cool one is suitable, down to 40 degrees Fahrenheit. They prefer sun during the winter months.
Keep them somewhat moist when they are actively growing. Allow the top of the soil to dry out slightly before watering. For the winter, this can be reduced somewhat. Just water enough so that the soil doesnít completely dry out. Avoid getting water on the plants as this can cause harm, such as rotting stems and damaging the soft wooly growth. It is beneficial to water from the bottom rather than pouring water in the top of the pot. Bottom watering minimizes damage to the plants. In bottom watering, water rises up through the drainage holes until the potting soil is moistened.
Repotting is needed from time to time, but in general the plants are slow growing. So this isnít required very often. If the plantís roots havenít filled the pot, you can repot without putting into a larger pot. Otherwise you will need a pot that is one size larger. Donít use very large pots. For example, a plant that is in a two inch pot can be moved up to a three inch pot. Potting soil can be a peat-based that you buy. Or you can mix your own.
For indoor light gardens, the plants will need about 14 hours per day of light.
Regarding temperature, daytime highs into the 80ís are fine for the growing season with a low of 65 degrees Fahrenheit at night. For the winter, the daytime level can be lowered to 65 degrees Fahrenheit.
The red flowered pin cushions generally donít bloom until they are at least a couple years old. Others may begin sooner. Seed is usually planted during the spring. You can either buy seeds or collect it from the little berries on your own plants.
These species are also grown from offsets. You donít have to wait for the pups to produce roots in order to pot them up. | <urn:uuid:b5daf52e-4844-446b-b56d-267aa56dd584> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art49604.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00071-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951957 | 517 | 2.75 | 3 |
A little background: a few months ago, I went looking for a web framework that was good at automating CRUD (create/retrieve/update/delete) against an existing database schema. I tried django but its database introspection abilities are beyond feeble, and django-sqlalchemy was not mature enough. I tried dbmechanic but its dozen-plus dependencies, most of which were alpha-quality, gave me pause; so did its basic architecture on top of toscawidgets, which I think is The Wrong Way to build web apps. (I understand that the former problem has since been reduced; the latter has not.)
So, I went back to option #3, FormAlchemy. I knew SQLAlchemy could reflect very hairy schemas indeed, and what it could not reflect, it could certainly represent with a little manual help. And FormAlchemy was a decent start to automating CRUD with SA models. I added the ability to represent relations, automatic syncing of form input back to SA objects, Grid support, and a test suite. Then Gael came along and added internationalization, support for even more SA features, and Sphinx docs. Along the way we've killed enough bugs and added enough test cases (yes, the two are related) that we think we have a pretty solid release. Especially since I just released 1.0.1 fixing the most obvious problems. :)
I think all three FA committers use it mostly with Pylons; that said, FormAlchemy has no dependencies besides SQLAlchemy itself. You could easily use it with werkzeug or web.py or whatever.
Here, finally, is a quick FormAlchemy tutorial:
To get started, you only need to know about two classes, FieldSet and Grid, and a handful of methods:
- render: returns a string containing the html
- validate: true if the form passes its validations; otherwise, false
- sync: syncs the model instance that was bound to the input data
This introduction illustrates these three methods. For full details on customizing FieldSet behavior, see the documentation.
We'll start with two simple SQLAlchemy models with a one-to-many relationship (each User can have many Orders), and fetch an Order object to edit:
from formalchemy.tests import Session, User, Order session = Session() order1 = session.query(Order).first()
Now, let's render a form to edit the order we've loaded.
from formalchemy import FieldSet, Grid fs = FieldSet(order1) print fs.render()
This results in the following form elements:
Note how the options for the User input were automatically loaded from the database. str() is used on the User objects to get the option descriptions.
To edit a new object, bind your FieldSet to the class rather than a specific instance:
fs = FieldSet(Order)
To edit multiple objects, bind them to a Grid instead:
orders = session.query(Order).all() g = Grid(Order, orders) print g.render()
Which results in:
Saving changes is similarly easy. (Here we're using Pylons-style request.params(); adjust for your framework of choice as necessary):
fs = FieldSet(order1, request.params()) if fs.validate(): fs.sync() session.commit()
To give FormAlchemy a try, just easy_install it. If you have any questions, Alex and I are often in both #sqlalchemy and #pylons on freenode. And of course there's always the mailing list. | <urn:uuid:eb89b54a-2743-401e-9dd0-41bad87666c8> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://spyced.blogspot.com/2008/10/formalchemy-10.html?showComment=1224290820000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00064-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9266 | 761 | 1.5625 | 2 |
In Africa, the postnatal transmission (PT) of HIV-1 through breastfeeding is of great concern. Recently, the results of a randomized trial comparing breastfeeding with formula feeding in the absence of any other intervention showed that the excess risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 attributable to breastfeeding is substantial, an absolute risk of 16% at 2 years, with 44% of all MTCT attributable to PT. PT could substantially reduce the overall long-term effect of peripartum antiretroviral interventions to prevent MTCT [2,3]. Pilot public health programmes to reduce MTCT around the time of birth are starting in African breastfeeding populations , and international guidelines encouraging them have been made available by the World Health Organization . Because of the risk of infection through breastfeeding, the long-term efficacy of these interventions must be assessed.
In February 1998, a randomized clinical trial showed that a maternal short-course regimen of oral zidovudine reduced by half the MTCT of HIV-1 to non-breastfed children in Thailand. As a result, two similar randomized trials conducted in African breastfeeding populations stopped enrolment in February 1998. These African trials also demonstrated a reduction of early MTCT, 37% at 3 months of age and 38% at 6 months . Preliminary information from the trials suggested that the efficacy of zidovudine is maintained at 15 months of age despite prolonged breastfeeding [9,10]. However, individually the trials lacked statistical power to draw conclusions about the impact of PT on the long-term efficacy of maternal short-course zidovudine regimens after the complete cessation of breastfeeding, or the potential effect of other risk factors (such as CD4 cell count) on transmission.
We therefore assessed the 24 month efficacy of a maternal short peripartum regimen of oral zidovudine in reducing the overall risk of MTCT in breastfeeding populations, and evaluated the risk factors for MTCT. This work was a collaboration between the DITRAME (French National AIDS Research Agency, ANRS) and Projet RETRO-CI (Côte d'Ivoire Ministry of Health and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) teams.
We pooled individual data from two randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials: DITRAME ANRS-049a conducted in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire and Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina-Faso and RETRO-CI conducted in Abidjan . The trial protocols were approved by the ANRS and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ethical review boards, respectively, and by the Ethical Committee of the Côte d'Ivoire National Ministries of Health. Between September 1995 and February 1998, consenting eligible pregnant HIV-1-seropositive women with haemoglobin levels of 70 g/l or greater were randomly assigned at 36–38 weeks’ gestation to receive oral zidovudine (250 or 300 mg) or a matching placebo (Table 1): one tablet twice a day until the beginning of labour; then in DITRAME, a single oral dose of 500 or 600 mg, and in RETRO-CI, one 300 mg tablet every 3 h until delivery; then (in DITRAME only) a 7 day postpartum maternal treatment of 500 or 600 mg per day. No treatment was given to the neonate.
Maternal lymphocyte sub-types at entry were counted by standard flow cytometry (FACScan, Becton Dickinson, Dartford, UK). Clinical follow-up of and blood collection from each live-born child were scheduled within one week after birth, then at 4 weeks (RETRO-CI) or 6 weeks (DITRAME), then at 3 months of age and every 3 months thereafter until 24 months of age. Infant feeding practices were reported at each visit on standardized questionnaires.
For each child, the sample collected at 3 months (RETRO-CI) or 6 months (DITRAME), or an earlier sample when these were not available, was analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). If this sample was positive, all the preceding available samples were analysed by PCR. PCR was used for samples obtained until 9 months of age for DITRAME and 12 months for RETRO-CI. HIV-1-DNA nested PCR was used in Abidjan, with primers from the protease gene (DITRAME and RETRO-CI). In Bobo Dioulasso (DITRAME), samples were analysed during phase 2 by both DNA PCR and quantitative plasma RNA PCR (Amplicor HIV Monitor version 1.5, Roche Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA) and in phase 3 by RNA PCR only. Serum samples collected between 9 (DITRAME) or 12 months (RETRO-CI) and 24 months of age were screened for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, Genelavia Mixt, Diagnostics Pasteur, France; or Murex ICE 1-O-2, Murex Biotech Ltd., UK). Confirmation on the same sample was obtained using a commercial synthetic peptide ELISA (Peptilav 1-2, Diagnostics Pasteur).
Paediatric HIV-1 infection was defined by one positive HIV-1 DNA or RNA PCR test result, or if aged 15 months or over, at least two positive HIV-1 serological tests. A negative diagnosis 60 days or more after the complete cessation of breastfeeding defined the definitive absence of infection. All children with a negative diagnosis on the last available sample obtained while the child was still being breastfed or had been breastfed within the past 59 days were classified as provisionally uninfected. Those children who were stillborn or who had no HIV-1 determination were excluded from the analysis of transmission rates. For all analyses, only the first-born child was used if a woman had had a multiple birth.
Differences between treatment groups in mothers’ and babies’ characteristics at entry and during follow-up were analysed using Student's t-test or the Mann–Whitney test for continuous variables and the Pearson chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test (as appropriate) for categorical variables. The proportions breastfed were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and were compared between treatment groups and study sites using the log rank test. To estimate the efficacy of the maternal zidovudine regimen on the overall MTCT risk at 24 months of age, all children with at least one HIV-1 determination were included in a survival analysis comparing groups in an intent-to-treat approach. For infected children, the age when the child would first test positive was interval-censored, with the endpoints of the interval defined as the ages at the last negative test (birth, if no negative test) and the first positive test. The probability of MTCT was estimated non-parametrically using a modification of Turnbull's method for interval-censored data to handle competing risks , in which the competing events are a complete cessation of breastfeeding and the acquisition of infection. Definitively uninfected children were regarded as no longer at risk of HIV infection 60 days after the complete cessation of breastfeeding, or right-censored at age 24 months, whichever was earlier. Provisionally uninfected children were right-censored at the age of their last negative test.
For each treatment group, cumulative probabilities of MTCT were estimated for each study site (unless otherwise specified). Standard errors were estimated from a bootstrap with 1000 replications. For each treatment group, the cumulative transmission probability was estimated as the weighted average of the site-specific estimates, with inverse variance weights. As a result, the estimated cumulative risk can decrease with increasing age. Because risk differences between the treatment groups were estimated similarly, some point estimates of these differences are not equal to the differences between the estimated transmission rates. Efficacy was defined as 1 minus the ratio of the probability of transmission in the zidovudine group divided by the corresponding probability for the placebo group. The confidence interval (CI) for an estimate of efficacy was computed using the delta method by estimating the variance of the logarithm of this ratio from variance estimates of the probability of transmission for each treatment group. Probabilities of the combined endpoint of HIV-1 infection or death at selected ages until 24 months were estimated using interval-censored survival analysis methods .
The test for a significant difference in the treatment effect in children born to mothers with high versus low CD4 cell counts at enrolment was based on a proportional hazards model and a likelihood ratio test. The proportional hazards assumption was verified using the cox.zph function in S-Plus 2000 (Insightful Inc., Seattle, WA, USA). All other statistical computations were performed in SAS version 8 (SAS Inc., Cary, NC, USA). All statements about statistical significance are based on tests with a type I error of 0.05.
From September 1995 to February 1998, 701 women were enrolled, 421 in DITRAME and 280 in RETRO-CI, of whom 23 (3.3%) were lost to follow-up before delivery (Fig. 1). The 678 women who delivered (408 in DITRAME and 270 in RETRO-CI) had 672 live births and 17 stillbirths (eight in the zidovudine group and nine in the placebo group), including 11 pairs of twins (Fig. 1).
The characteristics of the 678 women who delivered and their use of assigned treatment were similar between the two treatment groups (Table 2). In particular, the median duration of prepartum treatment (23 or 25 days), the proportion receiving intrapartum treatment (81%), and the median length of postpartum maternal treatment (7 days, DITRAME only) were similar. Caesarean section was performed in 2% of women overall.
After exclusion of the second twin, there were 662 live-born children: 328 in the zidovudine arm and 334 in the placebo arm. Among those, 21 (3.2%) children had unknown HIV-1 infection status, nine in the zidovudine group and 12 in the placebo group (P = 0.55). Among these 21 children, five of the nine in the zidovudine group and 11 of the 12 in the placebo group died in the neonatal period (P = 0.06).
Among the 641 children included in the overall efficacy analysis, 12 were bottle-fed from birth, eight in the zidovudine group and four in the placebo group (P = 0.23, Table 3). The age at weaning was not available for one weaned child. Among the remaining 628 children, the probability distributions of breastfeeding duration were similar for the two groups at each site (P ≥ 0.33) but varied significantly among sites (P < 0.0001). The median durations of breastfeeding were 8.0 months in Abidjan DITRAME [interquartile range (IQR) 6–10], 15.0 months in Abidjan RETRO-CI (IQR 13–17), and 19.4 months in Bobo-Dioulasso (IQR 18–22).
Among the 641 children, median laboratory follow-up was 18 months in both arms (Table 3). By 24 months of age, 68 children born to 319 women assigned to zidovudine and 94 born to 322 women assigned to placebo were known to be HIV-1 infected (Fig. 1, Table 3). Overall, the estimated cumulative risks of HIV-1 infection in the zidovudine group were 12.9% at age 2 weeks, 16.9% at 6 months and 22.5% at 24 months. The corresponding risks in the placebo group were 19.0, 26.1 and 30.2%. At 24 months, the overall risk of MTCT was 7.8% lower in the zidovudine than in the placebo arm (95% CI for the risk difference 0.7–14.9%), a significant 26% reduction in the risk of MTCT (95% CI 2–44%) (Table 4).
The efficacy of zidovudine was greater in children born to women with higher CD4 cell counts at enrolment (Table 5). Among children born to women with CD4 cell counts of less than 500 cells/ml at enrolment, the estimated cumulative risk of HIV-1 infection at age 24 months in the zidovudine group of 39.6% was nearly equal to the corresponding 41.3% risk in the placebo group. This 4% reduction in risk (95% CI −30 to 29%) was not statistically significant. In contrast, among children born to women with CD4 cell counts of 500 cells/ml or greater, the estimated cumulative risks of HIV-1 infection in the zidovudine group were 6.0% at age 2 weeks, 8.8% at 6 months and 9.1% at 24 months. The corresponding risks in the placebo group were 14.7, 19.2 and 22.0%. Among these children, the risk difference between treatment arms at 24 months was 12.7%, with zidovudine efficacy estimated as 59% in reducing the overall MTCT risk (95% CI 28–76%). The formal test for an interaction between maternal CD4 cell count and treatment was marginally significant (P = 0.07).
Transmission risks were substantially lower among mothers with CD4 cell counts of 350–499 cells/ml than among those with CD4 cell counts less than 350 cells/ml, but efficacy estimates at age 24 months were similar. Among children born to mothers with CD4 cell counts less than 350 cells/ml, cumulative risks at age 24 months were estimated to be 51.6% in the zidovudine group and 64.2% in the placebo group, a 20% reduction in risk associated with zidovudine use (95% CI –6–39%). Among children born to mothers with CD4 cell counts of 350–499 cells/ml, the corresponding cumulative risks were 22.8 and 26.9%, a 15% reduction in risk associated with zidovudine use (95% CI −59 to 55%).
Efficacy was similar in the two trials: estimated efficacy at ages 6 weeks and 24 months was 36 and 28% in DITRAME (respectively) compared with 48 and 23% in RETRO-CI. Estimated efficacy at age 24 months was similar for women with less than 14 days of prenatal treatment (34%) and women treated for at least 14 days (26%).
Among the 479 children classified as uninfected at age 24 months, the median age at the last negative test was 18 months (IQR 15–25 months). Of these children, 25% (122) were still being breastfed or had stopped breastfeeding for less than 2 months at their last date known uninfected (and thus were still potentially at risk of PT), and 75% were definitive cases of absence of infection (191/251 in the zidovudine group and 166/228 in the placebo group, P = 0.41).
At age 24 months, among the children in the transmission analysis, 68 in the placebo group had died (Table 3), including 53 known to be infected. In the zidovudine group, 39 had died, including 31 known to be infected. In addition, 11 children in the placebo group and five in the zidovudine group had died without any HIV test result.
The efficacy of zidovudine in preventing HIV-1 infection or death was similar to the efficacy in preventing HIV infection alone. Including all live-born children with no HIV test result, by 24 months of age 82 children born to 328 women assigned to zidovudine and 120 born to 334 women assigned to placebo were known to be HIV-1 infected or dead. The maternal CD4 cell count at entry was unavailable for the mothers of 13 children: Two out of eight children in the placebo group and two out of five in the zidovudine group were infected or had died. Among all children, the estimated cumulative risks of HIV-1 infection or death at ages 6 weeks and 24 months in the zidovudine group were 17.1 and 26.8%, respectively, compared with corresponding risks of 28.4 and 37.5% in the placebo group. Efficacy estimates were 40% at 6 weeks (95% CI 18–56%) and 29% at 24 months (95% CI 10–43%). Among children born to women with CD4 cell counts less than 500 cells/ml, the risk at age 24 months was 43.6% among 143 children in the zidovudine group (56 infected or dead) versus 49.8% among 142 children in the placebo group (66 infected or dead) (efficacy 12%; 95% CI −15 to 33%). In contrast, among children born to women with CD4 cell counts of 500 cells/ml or greater, the estimated cumulative risks among 180 children in the zidovudine group (24 infected or dead) were 10.0% at age 6 weeks, 11.0% at 6 months and 13.1% at 24 months. The corresponding risks among 184 children in the placebo group (52 infected or dead) were 24.3, 24.3 and 29.5%. The estimated risk difference between treatment arms at age 24 months in this group was 16.4% (95% CI 8.0–24.8%), with zidovudine efficacy estimated to reduce the overall MTCT or death risk by 56% (95% CI 31–72%).
This is the first study reporting the 24 month efficacy of an oral maternal short-course zidovudine regimen in reducing MTCT of HIV-1 in African breastfeeding populations. Our analysis demonstrates that these peripartum zidovudine regimens can reduce MTCT of HIV-1 despite prolonged breastfeeding; the median duration of breastfeeding in our three populations was 8 to 19.5 months. In our study, zidovudine therapy reduced the probability of HIV-1 transmission at age 24 months by an estimated 26%. However, at all ages the treatment effect strongly depended on the baseline maternal CD4 cell count. Among children born to mothers with CD4 cell counts of 500 cells/ml or greater, zidovudine was associated with an estimated reduction in HIV transmission risk of 54–60% between the ages of 2 weeks and 2 years, and all of these relative differences were statistically significant. In contrast, among children born to mothers with CD4 cell counts of less than 500 cells/ml, representing 45% of our populations, the estimated reduction in MTCT risk was at most 23% (at age 2 weeks), and was not significant at any age. Among the latter, the cumulative infection rates at age 24 months in both treatment groups were comparable to those documented in observational studies of breastfeeding women in the absence of interventions to reduce MTCT . Results based on HIV-1-free survival at 24 months were similar. In addition, an examination of our results demonstrates a low risk of PT from mothers with prepartum CD4 cell counts of 500 copies/ml or greater, but a substantial risk from mothers with CD4 cell counts of less than 500 cells/ml. We will analyse the PT risk and its determinants in more detail in a separate report.
Our results confirm that advanced maternal HIV-1 disease is a strong determinant of overall MTCT including PT . Other trials that assessed the efficacy of short-term maternal antiretroviral therapy to reduce MTCT reported an association between lower maternal CD4 cell counts and decreased efficacy [6,8,17,18]. However, this is the first study to find that maternal immunodeficiency is associated with a substantial reduction in the efficacy of a maternal short-course zidovudine regimen. In fact, we found that this efficacy reduction seems to occur with a relatively high maternal CD4 cell count in our population. Our study was not large enough to determine the optimal maternal CD4 cell count for defining high versus low efficacy, but we found little difference in efficacy at age 24 months between women with counts less than 350 copies/ml and those with counts of 350–499 cells/ml.
We based our analysis on the CD4 cell count because maternal plasma viral load data are not currently available for many of the non-transmitting mothers. Although viral load may be a better predictor of transmission probability than CD4 cell count, the CD4 cell count is more often available than viral load in developing countries, and is a key biological parameter of HIV disease progression. In addition, in DITRAME, maternal plasma viral load was strongly associated with MTCT of HIV, but it was not possible to define a viral load threshold that could predict MTCT confidently .
Several factors strengthen our conclusions. Both trials were randomized and had prospectively collected data in a methodologically rigorous manner. The treatment groups had similar characteristics at baseline. Losses to follow-up for mothers and children combined did not exceed 6.5% for the estimation of MTCT. For each treatment group, MTCT rates were similar in our three study sites. Finally, the overall transmission rate in the placebo arm was similar to rates found in observational studies .
An evaluation of the long-term efficacy of a peripartum antiretroviral regimen to prevent MTCT in breastfeeding women is important because PT could reduce efficacy. If there is substantial PT and the regimen does not prevent PT, long-term efficacy will be less than short-term efficacy. It is also possible that PT would be greater after a regimen of several antiretroviral drugs than after a single drug if the combination regimen results in a higher postpartum viral load than before therapy . Indeed, overall, efficacy appears to be somewhat lower at age 24 months than at 6 weeks in our study. Efficacy was maintained for children born to women with CD4 cell counts greater than 500 cells/ml as a result of a very low risk of PT in both treatment arms (Table 5), but efficacy appears to decrease for children born to women with CD4 cell counts of less than 500 cells/ml as a result of substantial PT in both groups. Efficacy estimates based on HIV-free survival gave similar conclusions.
It is of interest to compare these conclusions with those from other studies of antiretroviral agents to prevent MTCT in African breastfeeding women, but our results suggest that such a comparison requires a knowledge of the distributions of maternal CD4 cell counts. There are two other studies on the use of antiretroviral agents to prevent MTCT with long-term results [17,18].
PETRA, the only other such placebo-controlled trial , used three regimens of zidovudine plus lamivudine: during the prenatal, intrapartum and postpartum periods (arm A); during the intrapartum and postpartum periods only (arm B); and intrapartum only (arm C). Because many children died without an HIV test result, HIV-free survival was the endpoint. The cumulative endpoint rates at age 18 months were 26.6% in the placebo group, and 20.7, 24.4, and 25.7% in arms A, B, and C, respectively, none of which were significantly different from placebo (P ≥ 0.07). As efficacy was demonstrated at age 6 weeks for arms A and B (50 and 34%, respectively), this lack of long-term efficacy was attributed by the authors to PT. Women included in the PETRA trial differed in several ways from those in our trials: a greater proportion had had a C-section, they were more likely to practise artificial feeding, and their median CD4 cell count was approximately 100 cells/ml lower than in our population. So far, the investigators have not reported their findings stratified by CD4 cell count. However, their cumulative endpoint rates in the intervention arms at age 18 months are similar to the corresponding rate of 25.8% (95% CI 20.7–30.8%) in our zidovudine arm.
The other trial with long-term efficacy results, HIVNET 012, was conducted in Ugandan breastfeeding women with a median CD4 cell count of approximately 450 cells/ml . It compared nevirapine versus zidovudine, each given to the mother during labor and to the infant for a few days after birth. The MTCT rate at 12 months was 15.7% in the nevirapine arm, 8.4% less than the 24.1% rate in the zidovudine arm (P = 0.003), a 35% reduction in the cumulative transmission rate . Again, no CD4 cell stratum-specific estimates were provided. However, our overall cumulative infection rate at 12 months of 21.8% was similar.
Our findings raise several important issues for future research. It is indeed encouraging to confirm a substantial reduction of MTCT in breastfeeding women with high CD4 cell counts using a short zidovudine regimen. However, reducing significantly both peripartum and postnatal MTCT of HIV-1 remains a challenge in African women with some degree of immune deficiency, bearing in mind the need for simple interventions in resource-poor countries. One possibility is extending the duration of prenatal treatment, e.g. by starting zidovudine before 36 weeks’ of gestation. With a median duration of 3 weeks of prenatal treatment in our population, efficacy did not differ with the duration of prenatal treatment, but we could not investigate the effect of prenatal treatment for substantially more than 4 weeks. Lallemant et al. in Thailand confirmed that among short-course zidovudine regimens, the longer the prenatal treatment, the higher the efficacy in reducing MTCT. However the problems associated with initiating antiretroviral therapy to prevent MTCT earlier than at 36 weeks’ gestation in Africa are unknown. Another option is the combination of zidovudine with other antiretroviral regimens. Although a short course of zidovudine plus lamivudine (evaluated in PETRA) did not show efficacy in Africa, the recent French ANRS-075 therapeutic cohort showed an impressive reduction of MTCT in a non-breastfeeding cohort using a long regimen of the same combination. The DITRAME PLUS ANRS-1201 project in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire , begun in March 2001, is investigating the combination of peripartum zidovudine and one dose of intrapartum nevirapine. Finally the combination of zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine may also be a potent and practical short peripartum regimen that should be assessed.
The high rates of transmission between ages 6 weeks and 24 months among children born to women with lower CD4 cell counts in our study demonstrate that interventions to reduce PT are essential to complete peripartum interventions. Alternatives to breastfeeding are of interest , but are not practical everywhere and are still under field evaluation in Africa. Continued antiretroviral therapy for mothers after giving birth, and perhaps also for their infants, should be considered, especially for mothers with lower CD4 cell counts. Although women with CD4 cell counts less than 500 cells/ml in our population did not present with HIV-1-related symptoms, they were highly likely to transmit HIV-1 to their child. In developed countries, a CD4 cell count less than 500 cells/ml is not considered to be an indication for initiating antiretroviral therapy in adults [25,26]. However, a comparative analysis of data from Europe and Africa suggests that HIV-1-infected West African adults with similar percentages of CD4 cells have an absolute CD4 cell count 100–200 cells higher than HIV-1-infected European adults, as a result of hyper-lymphocytosis . Therefore, women with CD4 cell counts less than 500 cells/ml might benefit from continued antiretroviral treatment after delivery, in addition to the potential benefit of reducing PT in a breastfeeding population. Finally, regardless of the antiretroviral regimens chosen to reduce peripartum and PT in Africa, safety must be carefully assessed as it has been in developed countries .
The public health implications of our results are important considering the recent WHO/UNAIDS recommendations stating that the safety and effectiveness of all antiretroviral regimens to prevent MTCT of HIV-1 warrant their use beyond pilot projects and research settings in Africa . The cumulative event rate in our zidovudine group is similar to the corresponding event rates in the intervention arms in the PETRA and HIVNET 012 trials. However, apart from the difficulty of comparing rates estimated using different statistical procedures in different populations with different breastfeeding practices, results from the other two trials must be stratified on prepartum maternal CD4 cell counts before any comparison can be made with our results. Therefore, at this time it is not possible to determine which antiretroviral regimen is likely to be most efficacious in preventing MTCT of HIV-1 in breastfeeding African women.
We found that this maternal short-course zidovudine regimen may have little efficacy in African breastfeeding women with somewhat advanced HIV-1 disease, and therefore an unknown efficacy at the individual or population level if the distribution of CD4 cell counts is unknown. It is not yet known whether the same is true for ultra-short regimens of nevirapine and short-course regimens of zidovudine–lamivudine. If efficacy for some or all of these regimens depends on maternal immune status, the WHO/UNAIDS recommendations may need to be updated. While waiting for these research findings, the wide-scale implementation of programmes to prevent MTCT of HIV-1 in Africa should not be delayed as there are already many obstacles to surmount in order to fulfil the recently agreed United Nations target of reducing MTCT by 20% by the year 2005 .
The authors thank the women who participated in the study, and L. Dequae-Merchadou (Unité INSERM 330) and R. Odum (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for data management. They are also grateful to Professor R. Salamon (Unit INSERM 330) and M.-G. Fowler (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for helpful comments on the study.
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The West Africa PMTCT Study Group is composed of the DITRAME ANRS-049 and Projet RETRO-CI Study Groups:
DITRAME ANRS-049 Study Group
Epidemiology: M. Cartoux, F. Dabis (Coordinator of the DITRAME ANRS-049 project), N. Meda (Coordinator of Bobo-Dioulasso Centre), P. Msellati (Coordinator of Abidjan Centre).
Gynecology–Obstetrics: A. Bazié, B. Dao, R. Likikouet, L. Mandelbrot (Principal Investigator), C. Welffens-Ekra (Principal Investigator).
Methodology and Data Management: L. Dequae-Merchadou, V. Leroy, R. Salamon.
Microbiology: D. Bonard, P. Combe, M. Dosso, L. Gautier-Charpentier, F.D. Ky, A. Ouangré, T. Ouassa, O. Sanou, F. Sylla-Koko, Y. Traore, P. Van de Perre.
Molecular Biology: A.M. Cassel-Beraud, J.B. Kottan, O. Manigart, C. Montcho, C. Rouzioux, A. Simonon, D. Valea, B. You.
Pediatrics: R. Camara, N. Elenga, B. Nacro, F. Tall, M. Timité.
Trial monitoring: G. Gourvellec, O. Ky-Zerbo, V. Noba, R. Ramon, I. Sombié, S. Tiendrebeogo, I. Viho, S. Yaro.
Data and Safety Monitoring Board: J.-F. Delfraissy (President), D. Costagliola, C. Chouquet, B. Bazin, P. Lepage, B. Masquelier, K. Toure Coulibaly.
E. Ekpini, M. Kouassi, C. Maurice, B. Monga, J. Nkengasong, R. Odum, T. Roels, S. Toussaint (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire), A. Greenberg, J. Karon, E. Lackritz, G. Satten, S. Wiktor (Atlanta, USA). Cited Here... | <urn:uuid:640166bf-1019-4333-81c3-b30e43da3457> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/Fulltext/2002/03080/Twenty_four_month_efficacy_of_a_maternal.16.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00132-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926723 | 8,765 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Skin contains melanin, which is the pigment that gives the skin its color. Understanding the difference between dandruff and a dry scalp can help with choosing the right treatment. Bunions might also occur near the base of the little toe instead of the big toe. It is known as a neurocutaneous disorder. The AGA say their new guideline offers an evidence-based approach to help IBS patients and their doctors navigate the wealth of drug information. tadalafil tadalafil fiyat totally acheter cialis en pharmacie sans ordonnance also buy viagra generic online usa pharmacy above erfahrung mit tadalafil 10 mg.
The main symptom of an addiction is a problematic pattern of use, which leads to clinically significant impairment or distress. Research shows that mental health issues can negatively affect a person's recovery from surgery. They contain many components including muscle fibers, connective, nerve, and blood or vascular tissues. Typically, surgeons will only perform a liver transplant when all other treatment options have been ruled out. In this article, we look at how different teas can help to get the bowels moving, and we discuss the causes and risk factors of using herbal teas. Dealing with eczema can be a daily struggle. Read now According to a recent survey, more than 30% of Americans actively try to avoid eating gluten. We also describe general tips for treating acne. This article looks at what causes numbness in the toes, possible treatments, and when to see a doctor. People should seek professional medical attention if they believe that they have either type of infection. This is no small problem. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 35.2 percent of adults in the United States are getting less than 7 hours of sleep each night. Chinese, Indian Ayurvedic, Greek, and other European styles of medicine have incorporated it into the treatment of a range of conditions for thousands of years. NuvaRing does not protect against HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and it is not suitable for all women. However, this depends on their age, size, height, lifestyle, overall health, and activity level. tadalafil 10 mg cpr pellic why better viagra cialis or levitra also viagra pills close what does tadalafil tablet look like. Someone the victim knows, sometimes with the assistance of a date rape drug, commits most rapes. More recently, pox parties have regained popularity with some individuals who do not want their child to have the vaccine but still want them to develop immunity to the virus. It is possible to target specific areas of the chest by using modified lifts. The element is naturally found in many different foods, but it is also available as a dietary supplement. Additional treatments may also be necessary, especially in the later stages. A home HIV test kit makes it possible for individuals to access this critically important health information, at their convenience and while preserving their privacy. It can affect how we interact with others, and how we feel about many aspects of our life.
In this article, we will give a nutritional breakdown of chickpeas and explain their potential health benefits. In 1980, the annual incidence was around 6 in every 100,000 women aged 19 to 44 years, in the US Shoes that are too tight or narrow can put pressure on the toenail, breaking blood vessels and leading to a pool of blood under the nail. BMI does not measure body fat directly, and it does not account for age, sex, ethnicity, or muscle mass in adults. The CDC report their calculations - and how they arrived at them with a new model - in their latest Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). High B-12 levels may indicate liver disease, diabetes, or another condition. However, several studies have advised that the caffeine content of tea and coffee could provide benefits for concentration and focus. sildenafil von apotheke slightly vad kostar viagra i thailand and www.wisig.org Cialis USA truly abusing sildenafil. | <urn:uuid:163a0fbd-1fd5-4612-89ec-73f42c96a8c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medi24.ml/?Novel_Titty_Tomosynthesis_Proficiency_Reduces_Cover_Recollect_Rank_Written_By_Jenny | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.944652 | 843 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Transcript for Twins Born in Separate Years to Celebrate Separate Birthdays
This is a special room. -- Hernandez -- New York this is an ABC news digital special report as the world -- in 2014 several women brought twin babies into the world but. What happens when -- and that being born in different years. Washington DC in the rain -- Gaza gets bragging rights over her twin brother Brandon Jennings Portland 50 PM and 2013 with branded. In a few minutes later 2014. And that same thing happened in Canada as well. You with us now I was new mom to two beautiful girls born in different years -- -- gear -- And secrets about congratulations how are you feeling. It. I think -- isn't happy -- He -- value Phelan OK. Yes give. -- -- recovery motive. Thank god -- entirely. I'm getting getting there to be sued -- -- Okay now we're you do on New Year's hey did you expect this would happen all along. -- -- ebitda catalyst -- had January. Act in nineteen. Silently morning begging they would add actually. Not happy -- in India and we're having what -- -- Barrett C. And that's -- that's really -- surprises rolled up and one and nineteen days they're eighteen days before you due date. When you -- in that hospital room and the clock started ticking down to midnight. Did everyone realized what white people -- well -- twins are going to be born in different years. I think he became. I would you -- that an illegal yet but -- and I don't think that -- -- And I'm try to -- about it. Go down as it is. Adding it it and respect it -- -- out. That's where everybody that I -- what I did it and then that's where everybody I think realized that it was battles with 38 back in. And that she had been born in the new year. So how you can handle this with the girls -- is still celebrate the -- on the same day here you -- -- Wednesday and she's older than her sister. Well he's talking about -- my -- in and out we're gonna be settled in Arab. A separate like but they have to -- -- -- any. We think that literally -- that's better than it it be cheating -- guess they get their. Let's celebrate and one -- shot is that. That's how they wanted it -- that's -- they game Iditarod appreciation. That's right today they have the brits are giving it to prove that well that's it that's -- great plan. -- thank you so much for joining us best of luck to you and your new family. Yeah it. We also have on the phone doctor Michelle Silva she deliberately writing Brandon and the -- that reportedly seen before midnight -- -- -- -- and -- few moments later -- 2014 doctor sell back power mom and babies doing. They're doing very well. At this just seems like. You know not -- -- we hear about -- obviously we always talk about the new year baby the first baby born in the new year but how do you get this situation with twins. -- aren't that fame and -- in separate years. And counting will get and -- days but and yet can't deliver -- better spent three years. And -- again and when did parents realize all of this that and they're not a lot of the moms -- -- not looking at the clock frankly. It didn't. Look for a look at the parent the thought they would vote can be boring and when he thirteen. It just so happened that. The second baby. We got out and then when he fourteen. You sounds like it say excitement all over is -- the talk of the hospital. -- definitely as. And the talk of the whole area. Well it's it's nice to have such beautiful news to start off the new year congratulations to you for being part of that that. Interesting situation. You don't. And they have a little bit when news for 24 -- separate stories of twins being born just moments apart but in different years. Stay right here -- Q&A BC news to -- congress has been an ABC news digital special report on time Hernandez -- New York.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate. | <urn:uuid:d781960f-593d-4cdf-9740-dba5078a64d3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://abcnews.go.com/Health/video/twins-born-separate-years-celebrate-separate-birthdays-21403352?tab=9482931§ion=4765066 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00528-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972121 | 857 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Photogrammetric Mission Planner for RPAS
This paper presents a development of an open-source flight planning tool for Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) that is dedicated to high-precision photogrammetric mapping. This tool contains planning functions that are usually available in professional mapping systems for manned aircrafts as well as new features related to GPS signal masking in complex (e.g. mountainous) terrain. The application is based on the open-source Java SDK (Software Development Kit) World Wind from NASA that contains the main geospatial components facilitating the development itself. Besides standard planning functions known from other mission planners, we mainly focus on additional features dealing with safety and accuracy, such as GPS quality assessment. The need for the development came as a response for unifying mission planning across different platforms (e.g. rotary or fixed wing) operating over terrain of different complexity. A special attention is given to the user interface, that is intuitive to use and cost-effective with respect to computer resources. | <urn:uuid:9904f49d-9196-48cf-af6b-b4b619cf9e74> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/211105 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00115-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944576 | 209 | 2.328125 | 2 |
“Getting stepped on by a blind rhinoceros may fix your problem, but the odds are pretty slim that he gets you in the perfect spot.”
At the gyms, recreation centers, and parks, you can’t help but see people rolling around on some version of the popular foam roller. They have appeared in fitness classes, are prescribed by professionals for home use by a wide variety of healthcare practitioners including PT’s, Chiropractors, and others.
As a manual therapist (Rolfer) who works with a wide variety of people, including a large number of serious athletes it seems most people have jumped on the foam roller bandwagon. I have been watching this phenomenon for a number of years now and have been asking myself:
Does all this rolling really help us?
What areas of the body should be avoided or “rolled” with great attention?
How are people using these things.. really?
So here are my conclusions thus far:
1. Mindful Rolling is Key! Much of what I see people doing with foam rollers does not seem to be useful in any long lasting way. I think the primary factor is using the foam roller indescriminatly, moving too quickly, rolling over muscles that are being actively contracted. The result is lots of intensity, which we sometimes confuse with progress. Just because it is intense does not mean that there is a positive change happening and it can in fact be a clear signal to STOP. Try slowing way down, using your breath as an awareness tool and relaxing into the input from the roller. If you are finding this difficult to do it may mean the pressure is not useful. Our systems are wired to protect us from injury. As much as we may want to override this process, it is my assertion that real and lasting change comes from working with ourselves, not against.
2. Rollers can Flatten us out. Our myofascial system is a complex web of layers meant to slide gracefully. As an example, the much maligned IT Band lies on top of the most lateral quadriceps muscle (vastus lateralis), which lies on top of the femur. These layers are meant to slide freely from each other as we move through life. I wonder whether repeated rolling may compress these structures down to the point where layers no longer slide freely, thereby actually restricting the very flexibility we were seeking. Let’s not forget that these myofascial networks also include nerves which can easily be compressed and irritated as we compress myofascial layers against underlying bone. It has been my clinical experience that folks who have been using a foam roller on their IT band for years seem to have compressed and restricted layers on the outside of the leg. I wonder whether other manual therapists are observing similar patterns.
I recently saw an advertisement from a company marketing foam rollers that featured a large suction cup that was to counteract this type of compression. The user was encouraged to place the suction cup on the skin following foam rolling to “lift” layers off of each other after intense rolling sessions. Makes one think, huh?
3. Where you think it is… IT AINT! Often where we hurt is not the source of the problem. Many people that I have worked with are foam rolling areas of pain and sensitivity. Sometimes this is just the trick, and sometimes we are actually creating more irritation. Many of the musculo-skeltal problems we face are regional or body wide patterns that result in strain showing up in a particular area. Resolving them requires a holistic approach, which could include a foam roller as a part of the approach. If we find ourselves chasing pain with a foam roller we may want to seek out a good manual therapist to assess what in the kinetic chain may be causing the problem in the first place.
4. Hands are connected to a brain and can perceive, feel, adapt. It is, of course, self promoting for me to tell you that finding a good manual therapist is infinitely better than foam rolling but that does not make it any less true. I think using a foam roller in specific, mindful ways can play a positive role in keeping us feeling good day in and day out.
A sensitive, educated and listening touch of an experienced manual therapist can result in real resolution of long term strain patterns. Often, differentiating the complex layers mentioned above, through intelligent, vectored, fascial manipulation is the key to restoring function and well-being. An experienced manual therapist can also instruct you on how and where to use a foam roller to get the most benefit without some of the side effects mentioned.
If you are finding yourself chasing your tail with a particular problem, consider getting yourself some good hands-on work.
Some additional tips on Foam Rolling:
1. Slow down. Use your breath as a tool to unlock tension and keep your awareness on the sensation level. Is there a release happening or is more tension being created? Can you breath calmly while using the roller? If not, you may be creating tension.
2. Avoid long periods of compression in a particular area. Be especially attentive when rolling along your spine.
3. Avoid areas where nerves or blood vessels can easily be compressed. Generally speaking do not roll near the back side of the knee, or medial or inside of the leg near the groin. Be attentive when rolling along the hamstring area as the large Sciatic Nerve runs in this area as well. Any radiating sensation should be an indicator that you may be compressing nerves and, trust me, they do not like that.
4. Assess how you feel afterward. Are you moving easier? Feeling more integrated? You should. If not, maybe you are concentrating your efforts on one area and creating imbalances.
5. Softer is better. Yeah, PVC pipe is cheap but your body will respond better to dense foam that will mold to your body to an extent. This can help you avoid compressing nerves, blood vessels and limit the pressure you may apply.
Adam is a Certified Advanced Rolfer and Instructor at The Rolf Institute of Structural Integration in Boulder, CO. With over 10 years experience as a Rolfer, Adam also draws on his long career as an exercise physiologist and competitive endurance athlete. He understands the active lifestyle and finds great satisfaction in helping people to live more easily and happily in their physical bodies. He lives in the Boulder foothills with his wife, daughter and dog Ziggy. | <urn:uuid:0fc30c70-a54a-4b4a-bb12-516cab3f849c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.getrolfing.com/uncategorized/foam-roller-friend-or-foe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00453-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95322 | 1,336 | 2.046875 | 2 |
All our wood comes from Latin America. Not from Asia or other parts of the world. You do get the quality you are used to, but without the much-discussed side-effects of wood from the last natural teak forests in Asia.
FSC and non FSC
We try to have both in stock: FSC certified wood and non FSC certified wood.
Naturally we do not sell wood that comes from natural forests. In all cases, the stands were planted with a commercial point of view: when planting, the owner’s goal was to sell the wood. This has been done on a small scale for many years, and is still done today.
Of course it is great to have confirmation from FSC that the stands have been managed sustainably. We find a certificate like this very important. Especially when timber comes from larger stands: the social and ecological impact of these stands is often very different from the smaller stands that farmers have planted as their ‘retirement plan’.
Non FSC certified
Our non certified wood comes from local landowners. They have planten the trees as their ‘retirement plan’. These stands are often managed extensively and not FSC certified. For these small stands, it is just too expensive to obtain an FSC certificate.
We respect the wishes of the sellers and keep the ecosystem intact as much as possible. Besides this, we pay them a realistic price.
Local landowners are therefore happy to work with us, now and in the future. | <urn:uuid:49b3f0e7-1c1f-455c-83d1-91d2262e3143> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://easterwoodstrading.com/environment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.978443 | 315 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Use our talking points for your letters or online posts:
As talk about President Obama's strategy in Afghanistan focuses on troop levels, there is a critical piece missing in the debate: U.S. detention policy at Bagram. Getting detention policy right – making sure that decisions about imprisoning individuals are made in a fair and transparent way that respects human rights – is essential to winning the goodwill of the people of Afghanistan and achieving lasting stability there.
Some important reforms to detentions in Afghanistan include:
- Legal representation and transparency: Detainees in Afghanistan should have the right to a lawyer and not just military-assigned "personal representatives." Their treatment and conditions should be open to inspection by human rights monitors, especially the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) which is mandated under Afghan law to visit detention facilities in Afghanistan.
- Reliability of evidence: Mechanisms must be put in place to improve the reliability of information leading to capture as well as information that is used to try some people in Afghan courts – current procedures do not do enough to prevent erroneous capture and ensure adequate evidence for fair prosecutions.
- Increase Afghan and U.S. cooperation: The U.S. and Afghan government should enter into a security agreement that details the grounds and procedures for detention consistent with international law, and includes Afghan judges in U.S. detention review procedures.
- Repatriate, release or try the 30 or so detainees captured outside Afghanistan and imported to Bagram for detention.
These reforms to detentions in Afghanistan will help ensure that U.S. troops are operating in a framework that respects human rights – not only because it's the law, but also because treating the Afghan people fairly and with dignity is essential to winning hearts and minds and advancing the overall mission, which is to defeat the Taliban and al Qaeda and to bring peace and stability to Afghanistan. | <urn:uuid:fee42fd4-92eb-46d8-92b1-e0ccbc801dcf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://actions.humanrightsfirst.org/t/5299/letter/?letter_KEY=571 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00390-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943191 | 380 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Word count 750, not outside resources needed. Make clear citation
This paper will offer your reflection on Edith Turner’s There Are No Peripheries to Humanity (post in file) and the concept of “framing process” discussed on p. 355 of Essentials of Cultural Anthropology.
Throughout her article, Turner describes how Inupiat people sought recognition that their disproportionately high rates of cancer and cancer deaths were due to radioactive dumping and poisoning of their land and water. Turner started her research with the Inupiat with one goal: to study healing. In that process, the ravages of cancer became an overwhelming reality not only for the Inupiat people of Point Hope, but for Turner as well. This led her to join in their fight for justice, and to question the role of the anthropologist and anthropological research.
Throughout, we are offered different frames for understanding cancer in Point Hope and the role of the anthropologist. These frames include those of U.S. government agencies, the people of Point Hope, and Turner herself. While Guest’s definition describes a “framing process” as the “creation of shared meanings and definitions that motivate and justify collective action by social movements” (Guest, 355), anthropologists often encounter framing processes among government officials and others in power, as well. These are often similar to what Tett describes in the excerpt from her book “Fool’s Gold”: that those in power also frame issues in way that may serve their interests, such as by acting on shared ideologies and assumptions that permit one set of facts to be public, but keep another set of facts quiet or hidden. In relation to cancer in Point Hope, at least three groups, U.S. government agencies, Point Hope residents, and the anthropologist, Edith Turner, were engaged in framing the issue and their role in it.
First, using the expanded discussion of a “framing process” above, write 750 words describing how:
- U.S. government agencies initially framed the high cancer rates in Point Hope (or what justification they offered for not exploring the possibility of radioactive pollution);
- The people of Point Hope framed their position vis-a-vis the government and their high cancer rates (or what shared understandings did they create that motivated action);
- Edith Turner framed her role as an anthropologist, and how that changed over time. Did she come to accept the frame offered by the U.S. government or that offered by the people of Point Hope? Why?
Finally, describe how the balance of power shifted over time, that is how the people of Point Hope were able to convince U.S. government agencies to pay attention to their frame and clean up the pollution. | <urn:uuid:65c2071a-6830-48e8-b949-f142a5d0b312> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://topnursingresearch.com/anthropology-essay-1-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.967 | 574 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Data transmission is becoming more and more critical in HPC application and traditional copper wire is limited by bandwidth, distance and power requirement. Silicon photonics is a promising technology to replace copper wire and it provides greater bandwidth, longer transmission distance and better energy efficiency. As a result, silicon photonics technology will be widely adopted for optical transceiver or on-board/co-packaged optics in future hyperscale datacenter.
What is Silicon Photonics? Advantages of Silicon Photonics?
Briefly speaking, silicon photonics (SiPh) acts as a medium to allow light travelling inside it. Thanks to modern semiconductor technologies, silicon photonics is able to leverage the existing complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ecosystem including front-end and back-end processes to implement high density photonic integrated circuits (PIC) and enable complex optical functionality (ex: filtering or modulation) on a compact chip at low cost. Silicon photonic technology is convincing to transmit data with higher bandwidth and better energy efficiency than conventional electrical integrated circuits, which may suffer serious signal integrity distortion when transmit data at high speed.
The Evolution of Fiber Optics Integration
There are already silicon photonics based pluggable optical transceivers up to 800Gbps in commercial. Different with front-panel transceiver, optical engine can be populated around ASIC IC package as so-called on-board optics (OBO), which is able to support 1.6T Gbps. Additional to OBO, “Co-packaged Optics” and “Optical I/O” is promising to further shorten electrical paths with highly assembly integration, so that it is possible to deliver even higher bandwidth to ensure better energy efficiency (pJ/bit) and capital expenditure ($/Gbps) over pluggable optics.
The evolution of data transmission by replacing electrical circuits with optical path.
Silicon Photonics Technical Building Blocks
Unlike common semiconductor manufacture experiences, silicon photonics products may need more attentive consideration when defining the overall process flow to address optical performance. Here, we list key technologies to enable pluggable, on-board and co-packaged optics:
- Post-fab wafer-level bumping and Si-etch process
- High accuracy laser die bonding
- EIC*/PIC die integration (TSV/FO/CoW) to enable 2.5D/3D packaging
- Wafer-level optical probing test for known good SiPh PIC die
- Optical component assembly evaluation for future OBO*/CPO* application
- MCM module assembly
SiPh Based Pluggable Module Manufacturing Flow
Silicon Photonics Applications
Silicon photonics enables heterogeneous on-board optics, co-packaged optics and optical I/O packaging, which is promising to realize the following applications.
- Hyperscale Data Center
- High Performance Computing (HPC)
- Artificial intelligence & Machine learning (AI & ML) | <urn:uuid:dd1348df-bcbe-4b80-b19c-632e8c2c4c6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ase.aseglobal.com/en/technology/silicon-photonics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.862622 | 615 | 2.75 | 3 |
It almost feels like one could talk about Bitcoin and India every day of the week. Although the financial turmoil in the country is no guarantee for cryptocurrency adoption, things are changing. P2P Trading of Bitcoin has never been higher in the country, as the numbers virtually doubled in one week’s time.
Ever since the 500 and 1,000 rupee notes were deemed invalid in India, the country has been in a state of flux. Traders, investors, and consumers are looking for new financial means to make ends meet. Considering how India is a primarily cash-driven economy, the decision has disastrous consequences.
At the same time, mobile payment solutions are gaining more popularity in the country than ever before. Local players, such as Paytm, have noted a 1,000% customer growth in the past week and a half. But it appears alternative financial solutions are gaining traction as well. Primarily Bitcoin seems of great interest to Indians right now.
India Shows Insatiable Hunger For P2P Bitcoin Trades
To be more precise, Indians are flocking to Bitcoin when it can be purchased in a P2P manner. Despite having multiple exchanges at their disposal, LocalBitcoins remains the favorite platform among local cryptocurrency enthusiasts. Lower fees, less hassle, and the social aspect are a few possible reasons for this preference.
Looking over the Coin Dance charts, it is apparent there is surging Bitcoin demand. In fact, the amount of Bitcoin traded on LocalBitcoins has almost doubled compared to the week prior. A direct result of the cash issues, undoubtedly, although there may be other factors at play as well.
Bitcoin may not be able to solve all of the problems plaguing India right now. Then again, neither can any other solution, as the permanent damage has been done.But Bitcoin presents a lot of things traditional asset classes cannot. A high potential for future value gains, for example, is one of the primary reasons people want to buy Bitcoin.
Thanks to the help of companies such as Unocoin and ZebPay, spending Bitcoin becomes easier as well. Not just to pay back others in P2P fashion, but mobile top-ups, bill payments, and others are all possible with cryptocurrency. In fact, Bitcoin provides India with the ecosystem of financial inclusion the country has craved for so long. | <urn:uuid:d023cc59-f849-420e-bf9c-bd5135b882da> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.indiabitcoin.com/indias-p2p-bitcoin-trading-volume-nearly-doubles-in-one-week/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00344-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960783 | 474 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The Republic of Austria or Austria is a state in the centre of Europe. It borders on the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany. A land-locked country. The capital is Vienna.
In the lowlands of the country the climate is moderate continental, in the mountains the alpine type of climate predominates. The ski resorts of Austria are open from December to March; the late spring is considered to be the best season for visiting historical attractions.
The official language is Austrian German. In the field of religion the Catholic church prevails.
There is a large variety of vacation activities in Austria: visiting historical and architectural monuments, skiing, mountaineering or hiking on mountain paths.
A number of places of interest from different historical eras still remain in the country. The tourists go to Vienna, Gmund, Graz, Grieskirchen, Salzburg, Innsbruck, Sankt Polten, Voecklabruck, Hallstatt and Steyr to touch the legacy of the past.
Many foreigners go to Austria to see the lofty Austrian Alps and to enjoy the beauties of nature of this country. Rafting is popular on the rivers of Tirol, Styria and Upper Austria. Yachting and sailing sports are widely practiced on large lakes, especially in Weyregg am Attersee.
Austria is unrivalled for its spa resorts with thermal waters: Baden, Geinberg, Laa an der Thaya, Loipersdorf and Erlach.
In winter most tourists and their travel companions go to Austrian ski resorts Bad Leonfelden, Innsbruck, Linz as also to numerous resorts in the federated state of Vorarlberg.
Vienna is one of the largest transportation hubs in Europe. Some fifty smaller airports, including international ones, function in the country. Thus, the country is connected by scheduled flights to all countries of the European Union and to the majority of the CIS states.
One can also travel to Austria by land from the territory of all neighboring countries, by car or by bus. The country has a well-developed rail network that connects it to all neighbors. All countries of the region are Schengen members, so there is no customs control on the land borders, and travelling between the countries by rail or by bus is commonly more convenient than by plane.
High-speed passenger cruisers shuttle every day on the Danube between Vienna and Slovak Bratislava, enabling to spend a vacation both in the two closest capital cities in Europe.
Austria is the part of the Schengen visa zone, so the EU nationals wishing to spend vacation in this country may enter its territory without any visas and for an indefinite term. Citizens of the CIS countries are required to obtain a Schengen visa to their Austrian Embassy or Visa Centre. The exception is Moldova which citizens may, provided that they are issued a biometric passport, travel to Austria for 90 days without visas.
The documents required to obtain the visa should be submitted in person, via a near relative or a courier accredited to the Embassy. It is impossible to apply through a travel agency or a representative which is not nearly related to the applicant.
It takes from five to ten working days to issue the visa. In some cases the documents may be processed within three days using an expedited procedure.
No limitations exist concerning the cross-border transportation of foreign or national currency in Austria. However, when leaving a non-EU country, the cash money in the amount of at least EUR 10,000.00 is subject to declaration. Valuables with a total weight of over 0.5 kg also should be declared.
Tourists and their travel companions may bring duty free into Austria:
- small amounts of alcohol and tobacco;
- some coffee and tea;
- perfumery products for personal use;
- personal effects (for the value of up to EUR 430).
It is prohibited to bring:
- medical supplies without express permission;
- plants and animals;
- any products made from endangered animals or plants;
- fresh dairy products without vacuum package;
- meat and dairy products (except for baby foods).
Travelers are prohibited to bring outside Austria historical and artistic values.
Austrian cuisine is marked by a wide regional variety and stands, first of all, for long traditions before modern culinary tendencies. Outside the country Austrian cuisine is usually associated with Viennese cuisine.
The famous meat dishes are a must for the tourists coming to Austria for holidays: Wiener Schnitzel (pan fried veal cutlet), Tafelspitz (boiled beef with apple and horseradish sauces), Zwiebelrostbraten (roast beef and onion) and Beuschel (ragout containing veal lungs or heart).
Poultry meat is used for cooking Backhendl (pan fried chicken), Backhuhn (roast chicken) and Gans mit semmelknodelfullung (roast stuffed goose).
Among Austrian soups, noteworthy are Frittatensuppe (soup with strips of sliced pancakes), Griebklobchen (semolina dumpling soup), Speckknodel (Tyrolean bacon dumpling soup) and Kurbissuppe (pumpkin cream-soup).
Austria is Europe’s leader in per-capita consumption of river and lake fish. Foreign visitors are recommended to taste Neusiedler Fisch (fried perch with green herbs) and Weihnachtskarpfen (braised carp).
Austrian cuisine is famous for its pastries. Among a wide variety of those, the most prominent are Strudel (dinner roll with different fillers), Kaiserschmarrn (thick pancakes with fruit compote or jam), Reindling (pie), Mohnzelten (poppy seed patty) and Kipferl (croissant). It is difficult to imagine a travel to Austria without tasting local Sachertorte (chocolate cake), Linzer Torte (Linzer torte topped with jam) and Esterhazy-Torte (chocolate almond torte).
Coffee is one of the classic beverages in Australian cuisine. Wiener Melange (Viennese blend) is especially famous. Tea and cacao are also popular.
Beer is considered the main alcoholic drink and is available in dozens of varieties. Austria produces rather good beers which are wrongly overlooked by the tourists and their travel companions. Schnapps, the traditional alcoholic beverage for the Austrians, is popular around the world.
Austria uses the common European currency, the Euro (EUR), which is made up of 100 eurocents. There are banknotes in denominations of 5 to 500 Euro and coins ranged from 1 cent to 2 Euro.
The European money may be bought before commencing the trip because it is included to the list of major world currencies. Upon arrival at Austria, dollars or other currency may be exchanged at banks, exchange bureaus, post offices, hotels, airports or stations. Automatic money changing machines are also available everywhere in big cities. Banks offer the most profitable rate of exchange.
Credit cards of major payments systems are accepted throughout the country, except smaller provincial villages where may be problems in using the ‘plastic’.
Traveler’s cheques are accepted in most supermarkets, restaurants and hotels. It is better to use the cheques in Euro.
The ATMs can be found easily, they are located in banks, shops, hotels and restaurants.
Austria is the member of the Tax Free system. When returning home, the tourists may refund a part of VAT (10-13%) charged upon buying local goods which value exceeds EUR 75, by applying to a VAT refund official at the Customs.
Details of interest
Places of interest in Austria
In Austria there are nine UNESCO World Heritage Sites which can be seen during the vacation travel to this country.
- Salzburg’s Old Town, a rare example of well-preserved European urban fabric developed in the period from the Middle Ages to the XIX century.
- Schoenbrunn Palace with its Schonbrunner Gardens in Vienna, a remarkable architectural ensemble in baroque.
- Hallstatt-Dachstein/ Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape, a picturesque mountainous terrain in Central Austria populated since prehistoric times.
- Semmering Railway, the 40-km long mountain railway built in the middle of the XIX century. An outstanding example of engineering thought of its time. It is extremely popular among tourists visiting the mountainous Austria.
- Altstadt von Graz and Schloss Eggenberg, another example of well-preserved urban settlement from the time of the Habsburg monarchy.
- Wachau Valley, a cultural landscape in the Danube valley between the towns of Melk and Krems an der Donau with great historical and aesthetic value.
- Historic Center of Vienna, rich in architectural monuments of outstanding value attracting tourists and their travel companions.
- Fertö/ Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape, a lake area in the province of Burgenland. It is of interest as an example of landscape formed under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors.
- Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps, the traces of prehistoric settlements and an important source of information on the birth of the agrarian society.
The eleven sites which are nominated for inscription to the UNESCO World Heritage List are worth visiting during the travel to Austria. The most popular are:
- Erzberg and Altstadt Steyr;
- Hochosterwitz Castle in Carinthia;
- Nationalpark Hohe Tauern in the provinces of Salzburg Region;
- Muenze Hall in the town of Hall in Tirol.
The important excursion tourism centers are Wels, Wiener Neustadt, Gars am Kamp, Gmund, Grieskirchen and Kirchdorf an der Krems. Travellers would be also attracted by Bezirk Krems-Land, Obertraun, Salzburgerland, Rohrbach, Tullnerbach, Zwettl, Stockerau and Emmersdorf.
Returning from their vacation in Austria, the tourists bring with them:
- cut glass and chinaware;
- models and photographs of steam locomotives;
- Tyrolean hats; | <urn:uuid:68db5e6d-b204-48e3-b5ff-e70edfcd9dab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://triplook.me/en/countries/austria | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.907082 | 2,234 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The purpose of this article is to provide information to Outreach Users regarding sequence schedules.
Sequence Schedules are a series of time blocks configured on various calendar days that reflect time frames in which emails can be delivered from a Sequence and Tasks can be created. Sequence Schedules ensure that Tasks are processed during reasonable times and days when recipients are likely to be available and responsive.
- Outreach Users
Sequence Schedule Overview:
How Schedules Work
In a sequence with steps by day interval, steps are scheduled to start at a set interval time (15 mins, 2 hours, 5 days, etc.). Intervals will then correspond with the schedule, looking at schedule time blocks, to decide whether it should or should not initiate that step.
If a step lands outside of an available time block, Outreach will wait until the next available window to initiate that step. As that step moves forward, the rest of the schedule will move forward so the following steps do not play 'catch up'.
For more information on schedule intervals, refer to the Sequence Overview article.
An example of this in action would look like:
- Step 1 email goes out on day 1.
- Step 2 email is scheduled to be delivered 3 days later.
- 3 days later, step 2 lands on a Sunday.
- Since there are no available time blocks on Sunday, per the schedule owner's customization, step 2 will not send until the next available time block.
- The next available time block is Monday from 7 AM - 4 PM, so it waits until 7 AM on Monday to send step 2.
- Step 3, which was scheduled for 3 days after step 2, will now send 3 days after Monday instead of 3 days after Sunday
Sequence Schedule Settings:
How To Access Sequence Schedules:
- Access the Outreach Platform.
- Click the user's initials in the bottom left corner of the navigation sidebar.
- Click Schedules under the System Config section in the Settings panel.
- Either click an existing schedule or click Add to open a new schedule.
For more information regarding creating a sequence schedule, refer to the How To Create a Sequence Schedule article.
A sequence schedule can be configured based on the information described in the table below:
|Schedule Name||Identifies the name of the schedule.|
|Owner||Identifies the owner of the schedule.|
Identifies when an email or task should process.
Identifies the timeframes in which tasks can process. For more information in adding time blocks, refer to the How To Create a Sequence Schedule article.
Scheduling Options: Time zones
Outreach provides users with the opportunity to configure a specific timezone for sequences as described in the table below:
|Use prospect's timezone as default||Scheduled emails and tasks process based on the timezone listed for each individual Prospect.|
|Use sender's timezone if prospect timezone is unavailable||Scheduled emails and tasks process based on the sequencer's default timezone as established by the user's calendar settings instead of the schedule's default timezone.|
|Default timezone||Scheduled emails and tasks process based on the selected timezone when either prospect or sender timezone option is unavailable.|
|Holidays by country||
Emails and tasks will be processed on the next available schedule block after a holiday.
International Holiday Schedules:
Under schedules you will now see a section labeled Holidays by Country. Here you can select the country whose holidays should be applied to the schedule.
Note: You are only able to apply one country per schedule.
When enabled, emails and tasks that are scheduled to be delivered on a holiday will be rescheduled for the next available schedule block after the holiday. On scheduled holidays, a UI banner will appear. The banner will notify Users their that their tasks and automated emails may not be sent due to holiday observance. The banner will be presented to all Users, if a schedule is enabled that respects a regional or US holiday (regardless of whether or not Prospects are in a sequence using that regional holiday schedule).
A Note about Pausing Sequences for Holidays:
Many Sales Reps will be out-of-office for additional time beyond just the holidays, if you would like to pause Outreach campaigns for additional time, here are Outreach's two recommended methods:
For sequences with a heavy amount of automated emails, the easiest way is to simply pause your sequence.
This can be done either by disabling each sequence (which will impact all Prospect within that sequence), sequence steps, or you can pause specific Prospects. We recommend tagging these sequences, so after the holidays you know the specific ones to turn back on.
Note: This is very easy to manage, but be advised that scheduled emails with manual customization will be lost when a sequence is turned off. This includes any personalization that was added to a scheduled email.
For sequences that heavily utilize manual emails, manually re-schedule all 'scheduled emails' from your Outreach outbox.
From the Outreach outbox or "emails" tab in the sequence view:
- Set the date to the beginning of first 'no-delivery-day' and filter the emails based on scheduled date.
- Bulk re-schedule them to the day after 'no-delivery-dates'
Note: This method will ensure any customization of email content is not lost. However, emails will pile up on the first day of the scheduled delivery date, which means there is potential to reach your daily email limit. As a result, it is possible that some scheduled emails will be postponed for a few days. You will also want to keep in mind that large email deliveries to the same domain can have an impact on your email deliverability. | <urn:uuid:0fd842b8-8fcc-4f03-96fb-dfbe5871a36c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support.outreach.io/hc/en-us/articles/205689787-Sequence-Schedule-Overview | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.888676 | 1,247 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Saturday, March 9, 2013
Immigration Article of the Day: Immigration Preemption and the Limits of State Power: Reflections on Arizona v. United States by Lucas Guttentag
In Arizona v. United States, the Supreme Court articulated a robust vision of federal preemption in the realm of immigration law. The decision invalidated all but one challenged section of Arizona’s strict immigration enforcement initiative, SB 1070, on facial preemption grounds — holding that, in no circumstances, could these provisions operate without encroaching upon the federal government’s immigration enforcement authority. This Article situates the ruling in the context of the Court’s immigration federalism jurisprudence, noting that, until 2011, the Court had not heard an immigration federalism case in over twenty-five years. It argues that in the wake of Arizona, theories supporting a state immigration power have been significantly refuted. The Court’s analysis has rejected the analytical underpinnings of claims that state police possess “inherent authority” to enforce federal immigration violations and that sub-federal immigration regulation is permissible so long as it “mirrors” federal law. The Article further asserts that Arizona prohibits not only police enforcement of civil immigration violations but also casts doubt on police authority over federal immigration crimes, thus further limiting states’ authority to engage in immigration law enforcement without express federal authority. Concluding observations separately comment on the effect of the Arizona decision on the Supreme Court’s ruling in INS v. Lopez-Mendoza, which limited application of the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule in immigration proceedings. | <urn:uuid:9d7ca2fd-c519-4bc1-9982-89b7fc3dc88d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lawprofessors.typepad.com/immigration/2013/03/immigration-article-of-the-day-immigration-preemption-and-the-limits-of-state-power-reflections-on-a.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.907025 | 383 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Date of Award
College of Science
Type of Degree
Elizabeth E. Murray
With the worldwide phaseout of methyl bromide, the use of hydroponic systems has increased as an economic alternative for the growth of many horticulturally-important crops, including strawberries. In this study, the effect of hydroponics on strawberry plant physiology was examined by first measuring ethylene levels, a plant hormone known to increase due to stressful conditions, and plant growth and yield. Using a gas chromatograph, ethylene was measured from plants which showed that light and temperature have minimal effects, but placement of plants could have an effect on plant growth and yield. Next, the mechanism of ethylene production was examined by measuring levels of the ACS gene. Several techniques to obtain RNA from strawberries were tested, but inconclusive results were obtained. In conclusion, the use of ethylene measurements and elucidation of the ethylene pathway could be used as indicators for plant stress to help minimize stress and increase growth and yield.
Plants - Effects of ethylene on.
Hogan, Justin Donald, "Ethylene production as an indicator of stress conditions in hydroponically-grown strawberries" (2008). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. 173. | <urn:uuid:e997254f-849b-4e0b-9d74-276118023f6c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mds.marshall.edu/etd/173/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.947814 | 334 | 3.03125 | 3 |
The health of Australia’s prisoners 2015 is the 4th report produced by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare on the health and wellbeing of prisoners. The report explores the conditions and diseases experienced by prisoners; compares, where possible, the health of prisoners to the general Australian community and provides valuable insight into the use of prison health services. New to the 2015 report are data on the disabilities or long-term health conditions of prisoners entering the prison system (prison entrants), self-assessed mental and physical health status of prisoners and data on smoke-free prisons.
ISBN 978-1-74249-866-9; Cat. no. PHE 207; 224pp.; $82
AIHW 2015. The health of Australia's prisoners 2015. Cat. no. PHE 207. Canberra: AIHW. | <urn:uuid:20f8dfa9-8ee0-4dd1-95fc-bb89a8dc63a5> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.aihw.gov.au/publication-detail/?id=60129553527 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717963.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00375-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.892856 | 168 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Burundi’s government will not take part in peace talks with the opposition scheduled for Wednesday, a senior official said, casting doubts on efforts to end months of violence.
“No dialogue tomorrow neither on January 16 as many may think, because there has been no consensus on that date,” Joseph Bangurambona, the permanent secretary in Burundi’s foreign affairs ministry, told the Reuters news agency on Tuesday.
The talks in neighbouring Tanzania were announced last month as part of regional efforts to resolve a crisis triggered by President Pierre Nkurunziza’s decision to run for a third term in office – a move opponents described as violating the constitution.
On Monday, explosions hit the capital Bujumbura, injuring at least two people, police and civil society representatives said.
Two devices were thrown by people riding motorcycles, police spokesman Pierre Nkurikiye said.
One of them hit the compound of a Catholic convent, causing a woman who had taken shelter there to lose a leg.
The other blast happened near a bank, wounding another woman in the arm.
Civil society representative Vital Nshimirimana reported a total of four explosions and blasts of gunfire, saying it was not known how many people had been injured or killed.
Opponents accuse Nkurunziza of responding to any criticism with murder and intimidation.
Rachel Nicholson, a researcher with Amnesty International, told The Guardian there was an atmosphere of fear and impunity in the neighbourhoods where protests against the president has been at its most intense.
“Arbitrary arrests, disappearances and cordon-and-search operations accompanied by the killing of civilians have become routine at a time when many independent human rights organisations have been forced out of the country and people do not know who to turn to for redress,” she said. | <urn:uuid:c8a0064c-0bb8-4899-a6a6-2db134c63af9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/1/5/burundi-government-says-it-will-not-join-peace-talks | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.973427 | 380 | 1.625 | 2 |
Blood pressure and exercise endurance in elderly patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) can be improved with a daily dose of beetroot juice.
Characteristics of HFPEF are shortness of breath and fatigue during normal levels of exertion – also known as exercise intolerance. This occurs due to a reduction in oxygen to active skeletal muscles. HFPEF commonly occurs in senior women and is a common form of heart failure, becoming an increasingly common cardiovascular disorder.
The researchers conducted a double-blinded, randomized safety study on 19 participants to determine what would improve exercise tolerance – a single dosage of juice or multiple days of juice.
To start, aerobic endurance and blood pressure were measured after the participants consumed a single dose of beetroot juice. Afterwards, participants were given daily dosages of beetroot juice for one week – blood pressure and exercise endurance were once again measured after the seven-day completion. The beetroot juice dosage was 2.4 ounces.
Drinking beetroot juice daily may help lower blood pressure
Drinking beetroot juice daily may help lower blood pressure, according to researchers at London’s Queen Mary University, who conducted a placebo-controlled trial involving dozens of patients and beetroot juice. The juice of the vibrant red root vegetable contains high levels of what’s called inorganic nitrate.
In our bodies, inorganic nitrate changes into nitric oxide, which relaxes and dilates blood vessels. Other leafy vegetables, like lettuce and cabbage, also have high levels of the compound, which they take up from the soil through their roots.
The study, published in the journal Hypertension and funded by the British Heart Foundation, also found that a daily glass of beetroot juice can lower blood pressure in people whose high blood pressure was not controlled by drug treatment.
This was the very first study to reveal the long-lasting reduction in blood pressure because of dietary nitrate supplementation in a group of patients with high blood pressure.
In fact, the patients in the active supplement group also experienced an improvement in their blood vessel dilation capacity – roughly 20 percent – and saw their artery stiffness reduced by around 10 percent. And studies show that such changes are connected to a reduced risk of heart disease.
So what does all of this mean? Well, these findings suggest that there’s a role for dietary nitrate – or heart-healthy food – in the treatment of patients with high blood pressure. It’s something patients can easily work into their daily lives and reap the benefits.
High blood pressure by the numbers
Generally, high blood pressure increases the risk of more dangerous health conditions. For instance, an estimated 70 percent of people who have their first heart attack, roughly 80 percent of those who have a first stroke, and about 70 percent of those with chronic heart failure, all have high blood pressure.
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), high blood pressure is either the primary cause of or at least contributes to 1,000 American deaths every single day.
New hypertension guidelines could save your life
Last year, researchers selected by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute released new and simplified guidelines for the treatment of high blood pressure. The complete implementation of these guidelines could prevent 56,000 cardiovascular disease events, mostly heart attacks and strokes, and 13,000 deaths every year. That’s without increasing overall healthcare costs, according to research by Columbia University Medical Center and published in the online edition of the New England Journal of Medicine.
Thanks to this most recent study of high blood pressure and heart healthy food, there’s little doubt that the treatment of hypertension can improve even more.
One tip: If you’re looking to increase your daily nitrate intake, be sure not to boil heart-healthy foods like vegetables, because the nitrate dissolves in water. Instead, try steaming, roasting, or drinking something like beet juice. It’ll have the same positive effect. | <urn:uuid:15570423-bab2-4a90-836e-09b07f5a7b86> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.belmarrahealth.com/blood-pressure-exercise-endurance-elderly-patients-significantly-improved-daily-dose-beetroot-juice/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.94236 | 824 | 2.53125 | 3 |
The general scientific consensus is that the average global temperature cannot be allowed to warm more than two degrees Celsius [3.6°F] in order to avoid catastrophic climate change. In fact, a two degree rise alone would threaten the water supplies of hundreds of millions of people, lead to global crop declines, bleach coral reefs around the world, and drive up ocean acidification.
Limiting global emissions between 2010 and 2050 to 1,050 gigatons of CO2-equivalent pollution should give us a 75 percent chance of staying under a two degree rise, according to a new report from Ecofys and Greenpeace, which rounded up 14 “carbon bombs” — the biggest coal, oil and natural gas projects currently being planned around the world.
According to the analysis, the combined effect of these projects alone would dump 300 new gigatons of carbon into the atmosphere by 2050. That would blow through roughly a third of the allowance that gives us a 75 percent chance of staying under two degrees. Needless to say, if these projects were carried out, it would make it vastly more difficult for the planet to stay on a path that keeps it under the two degree threshold.
Two of the projects can be found in the United States, and a third is deeply bound up with rapidly approaching U.S. policy choices:
- A plan to export new coal from the Pacific Northwest. This would add 420 million tons of carbon a year by 2020. Activists and even some American politicians have already been battling the project for some time.
- Expanded shale gas production. This will add 280 million tons a year by 2020 according to the report. But as David Roberts points out, this estimate relies on the assumption that natural gas fields leak methane at a rate of 3.9 percent. There’s evidence that assumption significantly low-balls the problem.
- Tar sands in Canada. This project would be greatly helped along by construction of the Keystone XL pipeline through the lower-48 states. The Obama Administration will decide whether to approve the pipeline sometime after March.
Here’s a map of the offenders, put together by The Washington Post‘s Brad Plumer from the report. (Click the image for a larger version.)
The two biggest offenders in the report were China’s plan to ramp up new coal production, creating an additional 1,400 megatons of CO2 emissions a year, and Australia’s plan to export 760 new megatons of coal per year. Ironically, both countries were hit by the effects of coal pollution over the course of 2012. Particulate pollution in Beijing literally broke the relevant measuring scales, and Australia was wracked by a record-breaking heat wave and a rash of wildfires, all linked to global warming.
There is some good news in the caveats, as Plumer notes. The energy produced by these projects won’t necessarily add on linearly to each other, or to the energy already being produced by fossil fuels. Natural gas from one project could undercut the need from coal from another project, for instance, or it could displace coal consumption already occurring — a net reduction in carbon output, in the latter instance. (Of course, these projects could also displace energy being produced from renewables. A problem, to put it mildly.) | <urn:uuid:674cd2b6-a82f-44a6-be14-6a4d1c74b33a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.theenergycollective.com/josephromm/176216/14-carbon-bombs-threatening-blow-global-carbon-budget-climate-change | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721558.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00045-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951141 | 673 | 3.515625 | 4 |
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Gritty – in all its senses – is the word that comes to mind when I think of the work of Gandy Brodie (1924-1975) and Peter Acheson (born 1954), two artists of different generations on whom I have already written. The other word that comes to mind is âaberrationâ. Working abstractly and figuratively, as well as in between, Brodie, who was self-taught, and Acheson, who received his BFA at Yale in 1976, do not fit into any of the received categories of post-war painting, especially if we use the style. or the subject as guidelines. These are some of the reasons why their twinning, in the exhibition Peter Acheson & Gandy Brodie: no nature at Steven Harvey Fine Art Projects, which ends today, makes sense.
In Brodie’s âSpiral Galaxyâ (1968), the fusion of a celestial formation with an irregular, stony brown surface connects the stars to the geological strata of the Earth, emphasizing their innate material connection. We are not looking at bright lights in the sky, as seen in countless paintings, but vast, inaccessible spheres whose organic composition shares something with our planet, as well as a coiled skein of contrasting color. The painting’s rugged, topographical terrain reminds us that everything we see is open to the devastation of time.
Brodie’s meaning of the different ways in which time passes is also found in “Stalagmite and Lichen” (nd). As in âSpiral Galaxyâ, he finds a way to merge natural phenomena with the pasty materiality of painting, manipulating it to evoke mud, decaying matter and rocks. Rather than giving us a picturesque view of the interior of a cave and the lichen growing on the rocks and bark, he uses paint to make a physical connection between the two.
The prospect of Acheson’s âRock Study (for van Kirk)â (2021) suggests that the viewer is looking at the rock formation. The lines between the mostly flat rocks underline the myth that we are standing on solid ground. Working in the porous space between abstraction and representation, Acheson’s âRock Study (for van Kirk)â can also be read as a commentary on the painting, its cracked pictorial plane. After all, nothing is permanent in the face of time.
In âYellow Untitledâ (2008), Acheson repeats a series of bands of feathers composed of short horizontal lines, which descend slightly diagonally across the surface of the painting. While this work can be read as abstract, I think brand repetition is about counting time, in a more subtle way than, say, Roman Opalka’s rigid and systematic approach. Acheson does not count towards infinity; he knows it will never happen. On the contrary, it shapes the way it travels through time and makes the pleasure of this passing time tangible both physically and visually.
In âUntitled (Calligraphy)â (2018-19), Acheson painted an asemic painting in layers of five horizontal rows of cursive blue calligraphic marks over red cursive marks. Rhythmic lines and fast, curving marks make up meaningless language. Coming from artists such as Henri Michaux and Cy Twombly, the painting embodies one of the many avenues that Acheson explored during the years covered by this exhibition (2008-21). Consider that each of the three paintings of Acheson I mentioned is done in a different way. Has he produced other paintings such as âUntitled (Calligraphy)â, one of the highlights of the exhibition?
Refusing to develop a signature style or brand, Acheson continually found another way to put paint on a surface, as well as initiate dialogues with other artists, living and dead. Aware of his own mortality and how art can speak through time, he has produced works commemorating a wide range of figures.
Acheson’s “Miro” (2017-18) is composed of a photograph of Miró in a simple found picture frame, the black paint of which has largely peeled off its wood. Using touches of blue and blood brown, he isolated the figure of Miró in the upper left corner of the photo. The greenish yellow paint at the bottom of the photo spells out letters that are mostly obscured by a large feather attached to the frame, cutting it diagonally from the lower left corner to the upper right edge. To the left of Miró, who is seated and looking down, Acheson has tied a pine cone to the frame.
Was Acheson thinking of the pineal gland in the brain when he placed the pine cone next to Miró’s picture? The pineal gland controls our perception of light, as well as our waking and sleeping patterns. It has long been considered our biological ‘third eye’ and ‘the epicenter of enlightenment’. What about the feather, which is surely meant to evoke theft? In a number of works from the 1940s, Miró equates women and birds with the moon and stars.
This indicates another connection between Acheson and Brodie. For both of them, paint is not just paint, something to be applied to a surface. Its materiality has a capacity to liberate meaning in the work, to underline our bodily presence, which is vulnerable to the world and to time.
In Brodie’s undated âAnemonesâ, the orange and black cylindrical container from which the five circular flowers (in red, magenta, white and dark and light blue) emerge is a testament to persistence and sorrow. The gray, grainy, built-up surface around the top and right edges of the painting and the smooth ash gray area around the flowers are reminiscent of the drab interiors of the apartment buildings Brodie grew up in on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. The red anemone is just above the center, a vibrant breath of life.
In his poem “A Step Away From Them,” which is about death, Frank O’Hara writes, after celebrating the views he saw at lunchtime at the Museum of Modern Art:
First /Bunny died, then John Latouche,/ then Jackson Pollock. But is the/ earth as full as life was full, of them?
O’Hara was the first to write a monograph on Pollock. Written in 1956, shortly after Pollock’s death, “A Step Away From Them” ends:
My heart is in my/ pocket, it is Poems by Pierre Reverdy.Â
Brodie and Acheson aren’t afraid to wear their hearts on their sleeves. They weren’t interested in being cool or ironic.
Peter Acheson & Gandy Brodie: no nature continues at Steven Harvey Fine Art Projects (208 Forsyth Street, Manhattan) until July 17. | <urn:uuid:2cc5136f-0b9c-4e5c-b6ef-923a4ae4c8c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://letrasenredadas.com/painting-and-winged-chariot-of-time/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.953839 | 1,479 | 2.109375 | 2 |
|Reflection: "Year of the Eucharist"
The First Book of
Kings (19:9, 11, 13) recounts the story of Elijah; he was the Prophet who
fled from Queen Jezebel, who was persecuting him and wanted him dead. and
followed the itinerary of Israel by reaching Mount Horeb: here he had an
experience of God.
In the solitude of the cave, where he took shelter
for the night, the prophet searched for God according to traditional
methods, according to his own way of seeing things from the wind strong
enough to rend mountains and crush rocks, to the earthquake and fire that
suggest disturbing phenomena tied to the Presence of God.
God, however, was not to be found in these
Solitude inflaming the spirit
The Lord is unpredictable and appears in the peace
and tranquility of a light breeze: Elijah understands that the Lord is
familiarity, simplicity, a gentle presence perceived in the rumble of a
silent solitude that crushes the body while inflaming the spirit.
Likewise, in front of the Mystery of Bread,
meditation allows us to see ourselves as "lost children" who refuse to
accept the unacceptable.
The tears of the saints, like those of every person
pure of heart, demonstrate lost unity and the experience of defeat in
order to once again find God in the solitude and silent intimacy of
Adoration is penance and supplication. The glory of
the mystery becomes the memory of the death of Jesus and expectation of
the impossible: of love stronger than death in the mysterious
"nothingness" of bread and wine, the Paschal Sacrament announcing the
Lord's death proclaiming his Resurrection, awaiting his return.
In this memorable intimacy, like a "divine breeze"
invading the entirety of the person, the heart of stone is again made one
of flesh in the waters of Baptism; once again it is made pliable to the
"Memory of death" is transformed into "memory of
God", of the Crucified and Risen God who promised to remain with us until
the end of the world.
The Mystery of Bread is also this promise; when
meditating upon this promise fulfilled, daily anxieties are calmed and
complete silence envelops the spirit, here where the Face of all faces is
imprinted. God "is seen".
Closer to God: we are alone
"The closer we are to God the more we are alone", as
L. Bloy said. In this infinite solitude, like the breeze experienced by
the prophet Elijah. the words of the prophet Hosea resound: "I will
betroth you to me in faithfulness; and you shall know the Lord" (Hos
Here, faithfulness is not used in the sense of
"believing" in a revealed truth; rather, it implies a nuptial
faithfulness, faithful surrender in the "hidden" God.
Solitude, silence, prayer and all types of religious
ascetics prepare and mold the soul for this mysterious encounter.
The journey, however, is long and rough so to as
arrive at a limpid vision which derives from a poor, humble, empty heart
where the mysterious presence of God is able to water and "fertilize"
activity and daily life.
Humility of heart is especially needed in front of
the Eucharist. This frees Religious from the illusions they have created
between themselves and reality, strips them of vanity by a "healthy
despair", where they finally experience the useless battle to make a god
They then come to realize that they live fully in
God, although God does not make himself visible; nonetheless, everything
has changed since God has become "all in all".
Purity and humility are key
Humility is an assent to God's secret action in the
fragility of normalcy and the dissatisfaction of daily life: it is
accepting our limits that God alone can fill. It is our surrender and
peace in the whirlwind of relentless questions and in the storms of
In this newfound purity of heart we are able to
continue to acknowledge ourselves as weak sinners but loved, redeemed and
changed by God, under whose tent we have the privilege to live and work.
"To seek God", Thomas Merton wrote, "means to live in
Christ, to find the Father in his Incarnate Son, participating through
faith and the denial of self in Christ's obedience, poverty and charity".
Christ, Sacrament of God for the salvation of the
world, can be perceived in the Mystery of Bread only by the "pure of
heart"; that is, by the simple and humble, for the humblest of all is the
sign of bread wherein Jesus wished to remain with us until the end of the
In Patristics this interior disposition is often
defined as puritas cordis; some people clearly affirm that the
finality of Religious life is to rise up to this vortex of purity and
humility of heart.
To reach this luminous mountain it is necessary to
take up the Way of the Cross, of the Crucifixion, the silent adoration of
the mystery of the will of the Father to the glory of the Resurrection.
In this sense, the Mystery of Bread contains in
itself the proclamation and memory of the death of the Lord, proclaims the
Resurrection, and each day, in vigilant worship of the mystery, awaits the
glorious Second Coming. | <urn:uuid:e21343d8-d8be-46c9-b54f-a3dfc527f79b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ewtn.com/library/Doctrine/humileuch.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719843.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00293-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928652 | 1,167 | 2.25 | 2 |
What can we design for you today? Talk to a building specialist to learn more. 1-888-449-7756
Simple Maintenance to Consider
The best thing about steel buildings is how simple they are to maintain, and while regular repairs and fixes aren’t necessarily needed it’s always great to have an understanding of how you can keep them in excellent shape. There are plenty of ways that, between regular annual inspections, you can keep your building in the best possible shape so you can extend the life of your structure. Taking different factors into account like regular wear & tear and weather conditions will help you understand the kind of maintenance you’ll need on an even semi-regular basis. Thinking about the ways you can keep your building in great shape is the perfect place to start so you can make sure your steel structure lasts a lifetime. Don’t Skip The Simple Stuff It’s important to not skip the most simple forms of maintenance and even more important to be honest with yourself about what you’re able to do and what you might have to outsource to professionals. When conducting your regular inspection, make notes about what you see that might need fixing at a later date and make sure to get these repairs done as soon as possible. Issues that start off small can often progress into larger issues later on down the line. Stay Safe No matter what you’re fixing, it will always be important to do so safely. Practice ladder safety as well as any of the equipment you use while you’re fixing your steel structure. Pay close attention to the kinds of tools you use to fix and repair your steel building so you can ensure that you’re using them in a safe and secure manner at all times. This is imperative to keeping your structure well-maintained so you can continue to make fixes and repairs in the future. Clear The Roof & Drains One of the biggest causes of damage and leak to steel buildings is leakage and water damage, so it maintaining the gutters and roof is one of the most important forms of maintenance. It’s imperative that you clear both large and small objects off your steel structure’s roof and out of the gutters so they don’t get blocked and cause further problems for your structure in the future. Leaves, twigs, and other debris and can do plenty to clog up your gutters and create problems for your steel structure and metal roofing, so make sure your roof is clear from objects like that is important for keep your structure in good condition. Check On The Essentials Over time, the screws of your steel building can become loose with regular daily use depending on how aggressively you’re using your structure and in what ways. If you’re typically putting a lot of pressure on your doors and windows, it’s a good idea to make sure that all the nuts and bolts of your structure are in good condition at all times. Keep It Clear Not only will you have to keep your steel building clear of foreign objects, but also removing natural items like excess snow and ice so your structure’s siding, roof and foundation aren’t susceptible to damage. | <urn:uuid:b1f9f883-4d9a-46c4-9f6e-6b381010e6c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.olympiabuildings.com/simple-maintenance-consider/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.946145 | 649 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Australia passed gun control measures in the wake of mass shootings there. The laws appear to have been quite effective in the years since: there have been zero mass shootings, and other indicators show that gun-related violence has decreased overall. The case for a connection between these things is quite strong. Of course, empiricism being empiricism, there’s always room for questions about that. As well there should be. But questions are one thing, mangling another.
The Australian site The Conversation takes on the NRA’s twisting of Australian crime statistics to try to prove the laws are in fact ineffective. Maybe it’s because water swirls down the drain in the other direction down there (not true), therefore if it works in Australia, it would work in the opposite way here, see…
Perhaps the most blatant example:
The selective use of data, or cherry picking, is a commonly used method of extracting the “right” answer. This is true even when all the data tells a completely different story.
Cherry picking often exploits random fluctuations in data. Firearm deaths in Australia have declined over the past two decades, but from year-to-year one can see variations up and down. Bigger fractional fluctuations are likely if you shrink your sample size.
Leading US pro-gun lobby group, the National Rifle Association (NRA) was cherry picking when it’s publication, NRA News reported this statistic from New South Wales:
In the inner west, robberies committed with firearms skyrocketed more than 70% over the previous year, figures show.
Rather than giving the national trend over many years, the NRA chose one part, of one city, in one state and just two years of data. The NRA’s use of stats is misleading. Around Australia, robberies using firearms have declined from over 1500 per year in the 1990s to 1100 per year.
UPDATE: So there’s that headline confirmed. | <urn:uuid:6c219dd9-4a7f-4c02-b5a4-23e3a5518285> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://valleyadvocate.com/2013/02/15/i-say-potato-you-say-pry-it-from-my-cold-dead-hands/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00567-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940392 | 401 | 1.867188 | 2 |
HMS Surprise | 1:48 Model
HMS Surprise | 1:48 Model
The frigate made famous by the movie Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World, brought to life by Artesania Latina. H
MS Surprise was originally built at Le Havre in 1794 as a 350-ton, 32-gun corvette, but in 1796 it was captured by the British Navy and renamed HMS Surprise. She was re-armed and classified as a sixth-rate frigate.
Product in Depth
HMS Surprise was originally built at Le Havre in 1794 as a 350-ton, 32-gun corvette, but in 1796 it was captured by the British Navy and renamed HMS Surprise. She was re-armed and classified as a sixth-rate frigate. She inspired the Aubrey-Maturin series of novels by Patrick O'Brian and featured in the 2003 film Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World. Artesania Latina worked together with the National Maritime Museum of London to create this model and has the exclusive copyright worldwide.
The large scale of this model allows for highly detailed pieces, above and below deck. The hull is assembled by plank-on-frame construction. The kit includes a detailed lower deck with visible cannons and hatches.
With each pack you can download detailed step-by-step assembly guides showing you how to build your model directly from us. Along with the clearly photographed instructions, the assembly guides will explain all the modelling techniques you’ll need to achieve superb results, and include useful hints and tips to help you master the trickier skills involved.
Your Modelling Experience
- Each shipment includes high-quality parts to build the HMS Surprise
- Free delivery to UK and Ireland
- Choose our unique pay-as-you-build model and receive your HMS Surprise model kit in 14 or 28 monthly phases. Or order all build phases of the HMS Surprise to arrive in one shipment.
- Each month, your step-by-step instructions are available to download directly from us. All Full Kits are provided with CD instructions only.
- Plus, a FREE Tool Kit worth over £40 with your fourth shipment (or first if you buy complete kit)
- No obligation - You are free to cancel at any time
MARINE MODELER'S TOOLKIT IN ALUMINIUM CASE - Includes a plank cutter/bender, side cutters, pliers, tweezers, micro drill and more! All this with your 4th month’s pack.
Key Features of the HMS Surprise
Factory precut keel and all main frame parts.
High-quality planking mahogany, walnut and lime woods.
High-quality fittings in white metal burnished or in real die-cast brass.
Stitched sail set and rigging threads.
Pre-finished high-quality display base with name plate.
Made exclusively by Artesania Latina with the National Maritime Museum | Sails set full sewn | You just have to rig them at the masts.
Length: 1334 mm (52.75") | Height: 950 mm (37.5") | Beam: 480 mm (18.5") | Scale: 1:48
Clear step-by-step instructions show how to assemble and finish the parts - every step of the way. Even if you've never tried this type of project before, you'll be able to put your HMS Surprise together in easy stages, learning the skills as you go.
Through your building experience, you will have help from our experts with the easy-to-follow step-by-step assembly guide. You can take a look also at our exclusive Forum and discuss with fellow modelers.
Even as a model-making novice, you can build the HMS Surprise together in easy stages, learning the skills as you go.
Your Build consists of 28 Packs. CLICK HERE for more details for the 14 months payment option.
Download Step-by-Step Assembly Guide
2016-06-07 21:03:14Had this a while now, am still building her and am very impressed. C/s very good. Had couple of problems but easily sorted. I got mine on 12 month packs. Instructions downloaded no problem, all The kits on here are downloaded instructions.
2016-01-07 17:54:08Not impressed not instructions with first pack,spoke to 2 customer service ppl had a snotty email reply saying the instructions need to be down loaded,but no link TBH wouldn't bother with this build
Write Your Own Review
The first pack of your order / complete kit will be delivered to you FREE of charge within approximately 5 working days from the date your order has been confirmed. If you don’t like your first pack/complete kit, you can return within 14 working days of receiving the first delivery from us with any seals and shrink-wrap intact. Please contact us to find out our return address and how to send your first pack back to us for a refund
We believe that you will be 100% satisfied with your scale model but in some cases, you might need to cancel your subscription. There is no commitment and so no obligation to continue your subscription. If you wish to cancel your subscription at any time after the 14 working days following receipt of your first pack, you are free to do so at any time. However, we would advise that you provide us with 28 days notice of cancellation as otherwise pack/s may already be on their way to you and we will be unable to prevent the delivery. Please let us know by contacting us for cancellation of your subscription. | <urn:uuid:28fe06c2-eda1-4f6c-96b7-2ba4ae52539d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.model-space.com/gb/build-the-hms-surprise.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00076-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934396 | 1,165 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Uniform LED strip lighting emphasises the curve of the corridors in the 54-storey “Turning Torso” tower. This futuristic apartment block, the tallest in Europe, corkscrews 190 metres into the sky like a twisting human torso at the “West Port” of Malmö. LED systems comprising DRAGONtape modules and OPTOTRONIC control gear are now proving their worth here in “real” lighting solutions.
Everyone taking the lift up their apartment in the “Turning Torso” is greeted on each floor by LED light from OSRAM. This futuristic apartment block corkscrews 190 metres into the sky like a twisting human torso at the “West Port” of Malmö. The 54-story tower was officially opened at the end of August 2005, the brainchild of the world famous Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava.
photos: by mescon via flickr | <urn:uuid:56216a24-094f-4d5e-98b7-8acb69780a7a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mediaarchitecture.org/turning-torso/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00068-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922137 | 194 | 1.84375 | 2 |
It's always nice to see a poem in print. I have a new one in Feathertale called Naïve Poem which I thought I'd tell you a little about.
When you hear the expression 'naïve poetry' probably the first thing that comes to mind is Friedrich Schiller's On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry and that's a good enough place to start if only so I can use this quote:
The naïve is a childlikeness, where it is no longer expected, and precisely for that reason, can not be attributed to real childhood in the strictest sense.
If that isn't what comes to your mind then you are probably one of the people who would regard naive poetry as the kind of poetry written by provincial amateurs, retired postal clerks and genteel ladies who’ve grown bored in their attractively decorated little homes. Harmless. And, of course, all of those people have every right to write what they like how they like it but it doesn't always make it naïve in the sense I'm using. There is also an unpleasant connotation to the word naïve, it suggests gullible but it doesn't have to be.
I've never seen naïve writing that way at all. I've always considered it starts off with a good healthy dose of Naïve realism. Naïve realism is a common sense theory of perception. Most people (i.e. children), until they start reflecting philosophically, are naïve realists. Naïve writers present an idealised version of the world to my mind no different to what science fiction writers do. By presenting an idealised world but leaving their readers in the real world they work their magic. Like naïve and amateur, childish is another one of those words that people tend to say in a disparaging way as if childhood's a thing to be got out of as quick as you can and good riddance to it.
The narrator in a naïve poem or story may be or appear to be naïve but the critical factor is that the reader is not. It's a kind of an anti-Mork-&-Mindy situation. In the TV programme it's the alien Mork who's the innocent observer but with a naïve poem it's the reader who is the observer and unless he or she is a child they most certainly won’t be innocent and that gives them a particular insight into the poem.
The first time I attempted something along this line was in the poem 'Advice to Children':
ADVICE TO CHILDREN
People will fail you.
It's a fact of life -
they'll let you down.
But not always.
And that's the worst of it -
sometimes they don't.
But most times it's hard to tell
6 March, 1996
The poem is deliberately written in very simple language, the kind of language you would use with a child. The whole purpose of this poem – and those in the series that over the years that have followed it – was to present something in a child's language that a child would never be able to grasp. I tested this on a ten year-old and it had the exact effect I expected – she didn't get it. But the poem is not for a child, it's for adults. I wanted to write the kind of thing we desperately would want to communicate to a youngster to stop them getting hurt in words they were perfectly capable of grasping individually but not collectively.
It's not really a naïve poem though because the narrator is anything but innocent. Not like the protagonist in 'Cinders':
When I visited William
he had a tray of buttons.
"I like these," he said.
"They open things -
and you don't need keys."
And he counted
the buttons on my dress
and asked me to tell him a secret.
23 March 1989
I've written about William since I first imagined him in 1981 walking down Blytheswood Street in Glasgow, an area at the time famous for its prostitutes. The last poem to feature him was in 2002. He starts off on the street befriended by prostitutes, winds up in an asylum, is 'cured' and then returns to his old haunts to find everyone has moved on. This poem is where one of the girls visits him in the asylum. The thing with William is that he's not just an innocent; he has an insight that comes through innocence through seeing things as they really are without all the philosophy getting in the road at least at first. Most of the sequence has seen print over the years but one of these days I will get round to putting them all together.
Which brings us to 'Naïve Poem'. If you've read my review of Naïve.Super you'll appreciate how much this short novel affected me and I have a lot to say about All My Friends are Superheroes once I get round to posting my review which has some similarities (and a lot of differences, but be patient). And then, of course, there's been my discovery of Tao Lin.
Some people don't like poems about poetry. Personally I like reading about writing and writers. It's what I do. It's what I know. I like to read about things I know about. I like looking for mistakes. I'm a sad git with no life.
'Naïve Poem' is about the relationship between poem and poet. As you might expect it's a topic I've covered before usually utilising a fairly predictable father-son metaphor but here there is no metaphor. I simply state "I had a poem / published on the Internet" and I made a point of offering the poem to a magazine with a distinct web presence although they do bring out a print version but there's no guarantee it'll be included.
The poem has been stripped down to the very basics, words and rhythm, although you'd be hard pushed to notice it right away because of how I divided the stanzas.
I have no idea who first uttered those immortal words, "uttered those immortal words", but the life expectancy of words fascinates me; I wrote a poem once called 'The Half-Life of Words'. We use words every day, thousands and thousands of them and they vanish poof! into the ether. So we scribble them on bits of paper, type them onto PCs, copy them onto floppy disks, CDs, hard drives, print them in book and magazines but the $64,000 dollar question is: How long can we expect them to last? One day we're simply neglected, the next forgotten. (Readers might be interested in The Neglectorino Project devoted to almost-forgotten poets).
When a poem is published it's like when an animal has been donated to a zoo and that's the image I had in my head when I wrote the poem. I can visit it any time I like but it's no longer truly mine. And then one day you pop along to the cage and it's gone, the animal, the cage, the whole blinkin' zoo. When I decided to return to the Web one of the first things I did was have a look to see if any of the poems I'd published years ago were still there. No surprises, not only were the poems not there, the sites had long since vanished.
If something is there and then not there how would a child interpret its not-there-ness? A child doesn't have children of its own but it could have a pet. If a pet is no longer there then it will either have run away or died bearing in mind that 'death' may not mean the same to a child as an adult. It's the same when it comes down to 'forever'. Forever is an abstract but can a child truly grasp infinity?
Animals age differently to us and poems age differently too. Some get old very quickly. I expect all of mine to outlive me but I don't see any of them lasting forever. I suppose it would be naïve to think they might. | <urn:uuid:05f2c568-498e-4034-a319-2253a220de05> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://jim-murdoch.blogspot.com/2008/02/nave-but-not-particularly-sentimental.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00252-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978278 | 1,649 | 2 | 2 |
For Immediate Release
NRDC Petitions EPA to Save the Monarch Butterfly
WASHINGTON - Skyrocketing use of the weed-killer glyphosate, first marketed as “Roundup,” is devastating monarch butterfly populations, and new safeguards should be put in place immediately to save the iconic species from further decline, the Natural Resources Defense Council said today.
In a petition filed with the Environmental Protection Agency, NRDC said current uses of glyphosate are causing “significant ongoing harm” to monarchs, the unique orange-and-black butterfly species that migrates through the United States, Canada and Mexico as part of its annual life-cycle. Recent figures show the monarch numbers in their Mexican wintering ground have plunged to just 10 percent of their recent annual average, and “the pervasive use of glyphosate has contributed to the monarch’s decline,” the petition said.
“These beautiful and unique creatures have long fascinated biologists and school children alike,” said Sylvia Fallon, an NRDC senior scientist. “Their precipitous loss signals a warning about the unintended consequences of our industrial agricultural practices. We need to act quickly to ensure that future generations will also be able to experience the wonder of the monarch’s migration.”
The massive use of glyphosate, a broad spectrum weed-killer, has led to large-scale suppression of milkweed, a native plant that is the sole source of food for monarch butterfly larvae. While many herbicides can kill milkweed, it is the current application of glyphosate that has “contributed to significant habitat loss along monarch migratory paths,” the petition says. Because each monarch lives only a few weeks in the summer, it takes several generations of butterflies to make the round-trip from Mexico to Canada and back.
The petition asks the EPA to conduct an urgent review of the rules for glyphosate and consider the cumulative impact on butterflies from glyphosate and other weed-killers. Since the glyphosate rules were last updated in 1993, its use has soared tenfold to 182 million pounds a year, following the introduction and rapid spread of “Roundup Ready” corn and soybeans. Developed by Roundup’s creator, ag-biotech giant Monsanto, these crops are genetically modified to resist the weed-killer. Transgenic soybeans and corn now dominate Midwest farms and glyphosate has become the most widely used herbicide in the United States. New herbicide-tolerant crops are in the pipeline, raising new threats to monarch habitat.
Although EPA is scheduled to complete a new review of glyphosate rules next year, “given the rapid decline in monarch numbers, EPA should take immediate steps to review and restrict glyphosate’s uses,” the petition says. Among the new safeguards it says EPA should consider:
- preventing use of glyphosate and other weed-killers along highways and power-line rights of way where milkweed, a relatively short plant, could grow freely without interfering with maintenance or emergency crews.
- requiring farmers to establish herbicide-free safety zones in or around their fields, and creation of other milkweed-friendly habitat.
- guarding against the potential for dramatic increases in herbicide use as a result of new herbicide-resistant crops, such as glyphosate-resistant wheat.
- assessing the uses of glyphosate on gardens, landscaping and other cosmetic purposes for their impacts on monarchs.
The petition cautions EPA to ensure that any new safeguards on glyphosate don’t lead simply to more use of other weed-killers that would be equally bad for monarchs and may pose health risks.
NRDC urged EPA to begin reviewing the rules within 30 days and finish within six months.
For more information about glyphosate and monarchs, see Sylvia Fallon’s blog: http://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/sfallon/glyphosate_and_monarchs.html
To see the petition, click here: http://docs.nrdc.org/wildlife/wil_14022101.asp
The Natural Resources Defense Council is a national, nonprofit organization of scientists, lawyers and environmental specialists dedicated to protecting public health and the environment. Founded in 1970, NRDC has 1.2 million members and online activists, served from offices in New York, Washington, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Beijing. | <urn:uuid:34195798-4f03-4a9c-af0f-12d0bcf8aa53> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.commondreams.org/newswire/2014/02/24/nrdc-petitions-epa-save-monarch-butterfly | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00538-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920429 | 889 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Electronic collections of pedagogical material (e.g. e-books, scientific journals, databases, virtual laboratories and educational software) to which educational institutions have subscribed (free of charge or paid) or collections of the institution's own digitized pedagogical resources which are hosted in their electronic repositories. (See definitions for scientific digital libraries and virtual experiment laboratories.)
Statistical unit of the Ministry of Education or, alternatively, national statistical office.
UIS Guide to measuring information and communication technologies (ICT) in education. | <urn:uuid:2e81a32a-4261-4a1d-8570-2bb2ef910362> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://uis.unesco.org/node/3079640 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.879539 | 107 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Length is a determining factor when selecting your arrows. An arrow that is too short can be dangerous, while an arrow that is too long can make you lose precision.
The ideal length for your arrows depends on your draw length. To find out your draw length, test out a bow. Take the bow in your hands and then, without using an arrow, standing in the shooting position. The distance between the string (where you would place the nock of your arrow) and the clicker (just beside the arrow rest) is your draw length. Ease the string back into its original position, without releasing it, in order not to damage the bow.
The ideal length of your arrow is your draw length plus 1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 4cm).
Decathlon recommends you do not choose arrows that are too short if there is a risk of your draw length increasing. The draw length of an archer who is still growing or developing can often increase rapidly. | <urn:uuid:9a60aa95-7e5e-4a0d-84a8-16bf9edb6ffe> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.decathlon.ie/blog/blog/our-advice-guides/archery/how-to-choose-your-arrows/length/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00498-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937849 | 201 | 2.40625 | 2 |
The finds in Algeria are relatively recent. I discovered the first structures there in summer 2019. In contrast to the classic desert kites, which intercept the game on their migrations with long guide fences, the funnels here are quite short and often lead uphill from a gully or hollow to end after only a few metres in one or more small boxes. Since this area used to be a landscape full of lakes and ponds criss-crossed by watercourses, I spontaneously hypothesise that these formations may have been hippopotamus traps. The hollows may have been watercourses from which hippos came ashore at night to graze. Short guide walls were sufficient to lead the animals into the trap pits at their end. | <urn:uuid:14657745-f9ca-4639-9854-aef93e1ee3a1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://archaeologie.bemerkenswelt.de/en/SAHARA/Kites%20in%20Central%20Sahara.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.968794 | 147 | 2.0625 | 2 |
PRAGUE — Ctirad Masin, a controversial anti-communist fighter in the former nation of Czechoslovakia who eluded a massive East Bloc manhunt during the Cold War, has died at age 81.
Czech public radio and television said Masin died Saturday of an undisclosed illness in a war veteran’s residence in Cleveland, Ohio.
Masin, his brother Josef and Milan Paumer were part of a resistance cell after the communists took power in 1948 in the Central European nation of Czechoslovakia. They killed two policemen while trying to capture arms in a police station, and also killed a cashier during a robbery to raise funds for their sabotage operations.
In 1953, they fled to the West, killing three police officers in East Germany during their epic escape as tens of thousands of police searched for them. Two other members of the cell were captured, sentenced to death and executed.
The three later settled in the United States and served in the U.S. army. Paumer returned home following the fall of communism and died last year here. But the Masin brothers refused to come home because they claimed the country still has not fully rid itself of its communist past.
The Czechs are divided over them — while some consider them heroes, others call them murderers.
In 1993, the nation split into two countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Although Parliament’s upper house in the Czech Republic, the Senate, has repeatedly proposed that the three be awarded a state medal for their fight against communism, they never received anything besides a prime minister medal in 2008.
Prime Minister Petr Necas said Saturday that Masin was a brave man.
“He proved his heroism by his resistance against the totalitarian dictatorship,” Necas said in a statement.
Josef Masin told Czech public radio his brother will be buried at a military cemetery in the United States. | <urn:uuid:b62ff1e5-5aa8-4abd-9187-f4291b96ff96> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bangordailynews.com/2011/08/15/obituaries/czech-anti-communist-fighter-ctirad-masin-dies-at-81/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00293-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984728 | 391 | 2.28125 | 2 |
But they are the themes suggested by Mallon's time travel into the period and the vicinity of the gay anti-communist right.
Since the middle 1990s, Mallon has published a series of novels set in the American past.
Mr. Mallon was president of that, and actually organized this group.
Anyhow, none of us has had any trouble with that Mallon crowd since then.
You see, I like to ask questions, and Mr. Mallon always gave me the straight answer.
The dog had already been chained to his kennel by Mrs. Mallon, the watcher fancied, though he had not seen her do this.
Pg 70Greek text iss phsousin hoi ap' Asklpiadou, Mallon d' ouk iss, alla pants apistein erousin, hina m prodsi ta philtata.
Mr. Mallon's work was so good, indeed, that I personally assigned him to tasks of peculiar difficulty.
The men looked at each other, then the big one said: "I'm sure you did the best you could, Dr. Mallon." | <urn:uuid:011a4692-5907-48ce-9b81-f64db1d87b40> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dictionary.com/browse/mallon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00548-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977746 | 241 | 1.625 | 2 |
Boosting agility and collaborative capabilities
Thanks to the document model’s emergent properties, development and collaboration are both simpler and quicker.
MongoDB makes data a lot like code, from an individual developer point of view. A developer could define a BSON or JSON document’s structure, undertake some development work on it, see how they get on with it, introduce new fields whenever they like, and rework data as required. That’s one of the chief advantages of the document model.
This flexibility is a huge benefit for avoiding bottlenecks and delays resulting from asking a DBA to restructure data definition language statements, before recreating and reloading a relational database (or asking the developer to do all this work).
With a document database, developers or teams have the power to own documents (or parts of them) and change them as required. There’s no need for intermediation or complicated communication between teams.
The importance of scalability, security, and strength
As MongoDB was designed to scale out, use cases needing extremely fast queries and vast amounts of data (or both) may be handled by building ever larger clusters comprising small machines.
MongoDB relies on a distributed architecture allowing users to scale out across numerous instances. It’s capable of powering massive applications regardless of it being measured by data sizes or users. This scale-out approach depends on the use of a growing number of smaller, generally more cost-effective machines. It could incorporate hundreds of machines overall.
The scaling technique in PostgreSQL hinges on whether data is being written or read:
- In the case of writing, the scaling approach is based on a scale-up architecture: one primary machine runs PostgreSQL and should be made as powerful as it can be to scale.
- With reading, you can scale-out PostgreSQL if you create replicas — though each one has to have a complete copy of the database.
What makes MongoDB scalable is the concept of partitioning (sharing) data across instances within the cluster intelligently. This database doesn’t split documents into pieces — they’re independent units, which makes distributing them throughout various servers simpler, while the data is locally preserved.
Data can be distributed throughout regions easily in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service, which is fully managed. You can tag specific documents so they’re constantly stored in certain countries or global regions. This can help to:
- Reduce latency by keeping data stored close to its target audience
- Ensure compliance with laws determining where data should be stored legally
Every MongoDB shard is run as a replica set — a synchronized cluster consisting of three or more servers that keep replicating data between them. This provides redundancy and protection against any downtime that might occur in the event of a scheduled break for maintenance or a system failure.
Replicas may be installed across datacenters too. This provides some resilience against regional outages. MongoDB Atlas makes building and configuring these clusters simpler and quicker.
MongoDB offers a modern selection of cybersecurity controls and integrations for both its cloud and on-site versions. This features strong security paradigms such as client-side, field-level encryption — this enables users to encrypt data before sending it to the database via the network.
In PostgreSQL, you’ll find a comprehensive portfolio of security features, with a number of encryption types to choose from. This database is available in the cloud on every major cloud provider. However, developer and operational tooling differs from one cloud vendor to another, even though it’s all the same database.
As a result, migrations between multiple clouds are more complicated. MongoDB Atlas performs in the same way across the three biggest cloud providers, ensuring easier migration and multi-cloud deployment.
Mature platforms delivering better value
Growing databases are supported by an ecosystem made up of many services, partners, integrations, and other relevant products. The database is at the core of the MongoDB ecosystem, though there are numerous layers bringing users extra value and problem-solving capabilities.
MongoDB has enjoyed widespread adoption as it has become the biggest modern database — it’s considered the go-to database by many developers. Due to the dedicated MongoDB community and engineering, it’s become a comprehensive platform that serves developers’ needs to an exceptional degree.
You can run PostgreSQL as a version that you install and manage yourself, or you can opt for a database as a service option on the major cloud providers. Each implementation performs how the provider behind it intends it to. If you want PostgreSQL support, you need to utilize a cloud version or try third parties providing specialist services.
MongoDB is available in several forms:
- MongoDB Atlas: A database as a service designed to run on the biggest cloud platforms, such as Google Cloud Platform, Microsoft Azure, and AWS
- MongoDB Community Edition: A free, open database you can install on Windows, MacOS, or Linux
- MongoDB Enterprise: This is based on the above version but includes extra features accessible via the MongoDB Enterprise Advanced subscription. If you opt for this, you’ll receive more support, as well as enterprise features like on-disk encryption, LDAP and Kerberos support, and more. MongoDB Enterprise is suitable for Windows, MacOS, and Linux.
On top of this, MongoDB offers support for various programming languages. Idiomatic drivers are available for more than a dozen languages, but the MongoDB community has contributed plenty of others. You can take advantage of real-time aggregation, ad-hoc queries, and rich indexing to give powerful programmatic ways to access and examine data of all structure types.
MongoDB benefits from a committed community of developers spanning hobbyists, massive enterprises, government agencies, and emerging startups. Not to forget the numerous systems integrators and consultants delivering an extensive range of services.
MongoDB Atlas has been expanded via MongoDB Realm to make development of apps easier, through Lucene-powered Atlas Search. It has features supporting data lakes that have been built on cloud object storage.
MongoDB and PostgreSQL’s developer communities are typically ready to assist when needed.
MongoDB’s ideal purpose
Today, MongoDB provides the industry’s leading resiliency, security, performance, and scalability. But what is its ideal purpose?
MongoDB is especially capable of handling data structures that have been created by modern apps and APIs. It’s perfectly positioned to offer support for the agile, ever-changing development cycle seen in organizations today.
So, the biggest question to ask is what your data will become. Data can be represented by documents easily if it aligns with objects in application code. MongoDB is a fantastic fit throughout development and production — particularly if you need to scale.
But MongoDB might be a poor fit if you have a large number of incumbent apps based on regional data models and teams that have experience with SQL only.
While document databases are able to do JOINs, they’re performed in a different way from multi-page SQL statements that are often needed and generated automatically by BI tools. Still, MongoDB has an ODBC connector enabling SQL access primarily from BI tools. | <urn:uuid:19a9f69b-7c19-41da-a7be-e2e64018dd6e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://domainclassified.com.au/comparing-mongodb-vs-postgresql/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.924505 | 1,507 | 2.078125 | 2 |
I taught a course in Fall 2011 at NYU entitled Topics in Logic: set theory and the philosophy of set theory, aimed at graduate students in philosophy and others who want to gain greater understanding of some of the set-theoretic topics central to work in the philosophy of set theory. The course began with a review of the mathematical ideas, including a presentation of large cardinals, strong axioms of infinity and their associated elementary embeddings of the universe, and forcing, emphasizing the connection with the Boolean ultrapower and Boolean-valued models, but discussing the alternative formalizations. The second part of the course covers some of the philosophical literature, including what it means to accept or believe mathematical axioms, whether mathematics needs new axioms, the criteria one might use when adopting new axioms, and the question of pluralism and categoricity in set theory.
Here is a partial list of our readings:
1. Mathematical background.
- Thomas Jech, Set Theory.
- Akihiro Kanamori, The Higher Infinite.
- Timothy Chow, “A beginner’s guide to forcing,” from Contemporary Mathematics. http://arxiv.org/abs/0712.1320. (for mathematical review)
- My rather sloppy Tutorial lecture notes.
- My article Well-founded Boolean ultrapowers as large cardinals embeddings, with Daniel Seabold, which introduces the fundamentals of the Boolean ultrapower.
- My lecture notes “An introduction to the Boolean ultrapower” for the Young Set Theorists workshop in Bonn, 2011.
3. Chris Freiling, “Axioms of Symmetry: throwing darts at the real number line,”
JSL, vol. 51. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2273955
4. W. N. Reinhardt, “Remarks on reflection principles, large cardinals, and elementary embeddings,” Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics, Vol 13, Part II, 1974, pp. 189-205.
5. Donald Martin, “Multiple universes of sets and indeterminate truth values,” Topoi 20, 5–16, 2001.
6. Hartry Field, “Which undecidable mathematical sentences have determinate truth values,” as reprinted in his book Truth and the Absence of Fact, Oxford University Press, 2001.
7. A brief selection from Marc Balaguer, Platonism and Anti-Platonism in Mathematics, Oxford University Press, 1998, describing the plenitudinous Platonism position.
8. Daniel Isaacson, “The reality of mathematics and the case of set theory,” 2007.
9. J. D. Hamkins, “The set-theoretic multiverse,” to appear in the Review of Symbolic Logic.
10. Solomon Feferman, Does mathematics need new axioms? Text of an invited AMS-MAA joint meeting, San Diego, January, 1997.
11. Solomon Feferman, Is the continuum hypothesis a definite mathematical problem? Draft article for the Exploring the Frontiers of Independence lecture series at Harvard University, October, 2011.
12. Peter Koellner, Feferman On the Indefiniteness of CH, a commentary on Feferman’s EFI article.
13. Interpretability of theories, the interpretability degrees and Orey sentences in set theory and arithmetic. Some of the basic material is found in Per Lindström’s book Aspects of Incompleteness, available at http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.lnl/1235416274, particularly chapter 6, and some later chapters.
14. Haim Gaifman, “On ontology and realism in mathematics,” to appear in the Review of Symbolic Logic (special issue connected with the NYU philosophy of mathematics conference 2009).
15. Saharon Shelah, “Logical dreams,” Bulletin of the AMS, 40(20):203–228, 2003. (Pre-publication version available at:http://arxiv.org/abs/math.LO/0211398)
16. For mathematical/philosophical amusement, Philip Welch and Leon Horsten, “The aftermath.”
It’s been a great semester! | <urn:uuid:a33acfd8-c7a5-4ce6-9123-c0b2711f6a05> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://jdh.hamkins.org/philosophy-of-set-theory-fall-2011/?replytocom=633 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.823581 | 931 | 2.4375 | 2 |
What does Jorjette mean?
2 related forms via Georgette: Georjetta and Jorjetta.Creative forms:
(male) Middle name pairings:
Jorjette Amelia (J.A.), ..
How popular is Jorjette?
Jorjette is a rare first name for women. Jorjette is a rare last name too for all people. (2000 U.S. Census)
Which version is better?with its source form and related girl names. Georgette is the only popular varying form of Jorjette (outside Top 2000) ranked in the Top 2000. Adoption of this form of Jorjette was at its apex 95 years ago (#529), but now, Georgette has become somewhat dated. (2015 Birth Statistics)
Jorjette is alike in pronunciation to Georjette. Other suggested similar names are Amorette, Arette, Ariette, Arlette, Barbette, Bergette, Bernette, Bobbette, Bobette, Brette, Briette, Carlette, Colette▲, Coretta, Coronette, Corretta, Corvetta, Cosette, Cozette, Doretta, Dorette, Earlette, Earvette (see Irvette), Erlette, Ervette, Garnette, Grette, Hariette, Irvette, Jackette, Jaenette, Jannette, Jeanette▼, Jennette, Jette, Joetta, Joette, Johnetta, Johnette, Joletta, Jolette, Jolietta, Jonetta, Jonette, Jorene, Josetta, Josette, Jozette, Julette, Juliette▲, Julyette, Junette, Kolette, Koretta, Korette, Lonette, Loretta▼, Lorette, Lorretta, Loucette, Lourdette, Margette, Marlette, Mosette, Orette, Ornette, Perlette, Ronette, Ronnette, Rosette, Sarette, Toinette, Tonette and Vernette. These names tend to be more commonly used than Jorjette.See names in meaning and etymology. | <urn:uuid:2a59de3f-6474-4c73-bab0-1806d0c46f46> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Jorjette | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00188-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.759052 | 471 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Artificial vs Real Fruit
by Patricia Trimarchi
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Over the years, manufacturers of artificial fruit have really perfected their product. High-end furniture galleries and show rooms and perhaps your neighbor's table (or your own) will invariably hold a basket or bowl of what appears to be the most delectable fruit. Juicey apples, pears, oranges and grapes piled high. A golden yellow banana perched along the edge, and even a peach with it's natural looking fuzz sits atop this painter's still-life dream.
Upon closer inspection, you may discern it's disguise immediately by sight, depending on how much effort the manufacturer put into it's creation. You may have to take the next step, however, and move in closer to touch and lift in your hand that apple. Its empty weight is no more than a shell, much like that of a ping-pong ball...or perhaps it's heft is appropriate but as you press your thumbnail into its flesh there is no give, no possibility of piercing that hard skin. Lifting it to your nose with one deep whiff reveals no sweet, fruity aroma. The banana's stem will not break away to peel. The plump grapes pinched between your fingers don't burst with juice. The peach fuzz may rub off and is nothing more than some sort of manufactured flocking. No delicious fruit inside that yellow and blush beauty.
Artificial fruit, when well made is indeed beautiful to look at, but beyond that, is of no value whatsoever. After all, it's artificial. Real fruit as created by God is also lovely to look at, though often you will see a few imperfections; a spot, a bruise, a scab, a crack in the skin. However, this real fruit has the power to sustain life. Nutritous and fluid filled, it provides energy and is very good for our bodies.
There's another type of fruit that is created by our Father, and that is spiritual fruit. We are called to "bear much fruit". Love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. This fruit, when mature and fully ripe, is at its peak, ready to deliver optimal nutrition. Just like any other fruit, artificial, or the real thing, we see this fruit and move in closer to examine it. We use all of our senses to determine its value or good. We look it over, spend a little time with it...or a lot of time. We handle it , heft it, squeeze it, and smell it...metaphorically, ofcourse.
I'm finding a lot of artificial fruit out there...oh, there is certainly some good...but the fake stuff is sure plentiful and as I reported earlier the manufacturers are doing a great job in producing what appears so life-like, so real. Some of that fake fruit you can spot immediately...some takes a little time, a closer inspection.
I have been disappointed at the discovery of what I thought real, to be a plastic replica, a phoney, a fake. This is when my Father reminds me that He alone can be trusted. And though I may recognize the artificial, that's between the "manufacturer" and God.
In the same token what will others find when they examine me? A plastic replica or the real thing? I pray they will find the real thing. I cannot make myself mature and ripen and while my fruit may be at various stages of development, it's up to me to cooperate with the growing process.
Heavenly Father, I pray that I will have the knowlege, wisdom and discernment to recognize the artificial man-made fruit from that which you created. Father, I ask that I will produce the real thing that comes only through you.Let me not be not be phoney, nor bitter or sour either which oftimes unripe fruit is. Help me, Father to be real and mature and to produce ripened fruit...very good fruit and plentiful! I pray that I won't produce little, or some...but much fruit...and that I might please you as you walk through your orchard. Prune me,Father, dig the soil at my roots disturbing the places they cling that will not produce good fruit... Whatever it takes to make this tree bear much real fruit, please do it unto me. In Jesus' Name, AMEN!
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God is Not Against You - He Came on an All Out Rescue Mission to Save You
...in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them... 2 Cor 5:19
Therefore, my friends, I want you to know that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you. Acts 13:38
LEARN & TRUST JESUS HERE
The opinions expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect the opinion of FaithWriters.com. | <urn:uuid:1edcb0ed-96bc-45fd-bf3b-26e61222cd70> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.faithwriters.com/article-details.php?id=49355 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00216-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950916 | 1,129 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Never: Poems (Paperback)
Jorie Graham's collection of poems, Never, primarily addresses concern over our environment in crisis. One of the most challenging poets writing today, Graham is no easy read, but the rewards are well worth the effort. While thematically present, her concern is not exclusively the demise of natural resources and depletion of species, but the philosophical and perceptual difficulty in capturing and depicting a physical world that may be lost, or one that we humans have limited sight of and into. As she notes in "The Taken-Down God": "We wish to not be erased from the / picture. We wish to picture the erasure. The human earth and its appearance. / The human and its disappearance."
With a style that is fragmented and somewhat whirling--language dips and darts and asides are taken--Graham stays on point and presents an honest intellect at work, fumbling for an accurate understanding (or description) of the natural world, self-conscious about the limitations of language and perception.
“[Never] shows Graham to be a most formidable nature poet, finding…perfect analogues for states of consciousness.”
“Graham’s inventive, gracefully longitudinal, lush yet demanding meditations on the nature of being are exquisitely piquant and affecting.”
“Graham’s poetry is among the most sensuously embodied and imaginative writing we have.”
-New York Times Book Review
“Graham is one of the most important living poets, and her control of her craft is undisputed.” | <urn:uuid:dd862a01-8912-4394-abbf-23b1938bed25> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.schulerbooks.com/book/9780060084721 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00497-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917902 | 325 | 1.65625 | 2 |
One episode entitled "The Comrades of 73" portrayed the United States and the Soviet Union as being allies in the Pacific Theater of World War II. However, during the 1943–1944 time period during which the series is supposed to be set, this would be incorrect. The Soviet Union did not actually declare war against Japan until August 8, 1945 — two days after the U.S. dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima. Despite this, the series was known for being more historically accurate than its contemporary series, 'F Troop'.
Toobworld has never been considered historically accurate in comparison to the Trueniverse. Just look at all the fictional characters who have perished in the collapse of the World Trade Center, added in over the last decade. It was the actions of the Time Lord known as the Doctor and his friends and enemies which sparked the Great London Fire, caused the extinction of the dinosaurs, and even triggered the very beginnings of Life on that artificial construct that would become Earth Prime-Time.
Having the Soviets entered into the war against Japan at least a year earlier than the bomb blast in Hiroshima doesn't seem to have altered the general Toobworld timeline. | <urn:uuid:6176273c-339c-4e90-9735-ed95ccbe6360> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://toobworld.blogspot.com/2012/07/remembering-mchales-navy-little-rusty.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00231-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9796 | 239 | 2.625 | 3 |
Press Conferences and Propaganda
The first press conference to include PUEBLO enlisted men was held August 13th. It was for North Korean press only and was supposedly televised to the nation. An intentional press conference held September 12th was for the world press. Thats "communist world" press. It included a reporter named Lionel Martin from the "New York Guardian!" Both times innuendos and archaic and corny Americanism language was inserted into the KORCOM forced prepared statements to thwart their propaganda.
After the September Press Conference --- SUPER C became "Glorious General" with one gigantic star on each of his shoulder epaulets.
In late August, photography sessions of each room were staged. The Hawaiian Good Luck Sign was exhibited by many crew members in defiance and contempt.
News from Home
The only news from home, other than the one mail call, was news that one of the men's wives had a child and that "Madam Rose," CDR Bucher's wife was pressing for the crew's release. They announced that Robert F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King had been assassinated. The crew learned that the battleship USS NEW JERSEY had been sunk by the North Vietnamese..!! One day the announcement went out that a member of the crews brother, a US Marine, had been killed in Vietnam. In late October the Koreans presented a man with an offical Absentee Ballot for the 1968 Presidential Election! The men found out then that VP Humphrey and former VP Nixon were running for President. They preferred Nixon.
Examples of the crew's sense of humor that helped sustain them are given in these anecdotes.
I Remember: Fly Flying and Netting.
Bucher's Bastards Bucher's Bastards the Video!
the poem by Earl "Murray" Kisler
North Korea, September 1968
It's time for the "Gypsy Tea Room", or "What the heck is this?" In late September, nearly all of the men were singly taken across the dirt soccer field, to what became know as the Gypsy Tea Room, for a session with North Korean officers dressed in civilian clothes! Treats such as candy and beer were served by traditionally costumed women. Each man was asked about his health, his opinion of the DRPK, would he come back as a tourist some day, and if he would mind if a man named Kim contacted him!
"Gypsy Tea Room"
The Crew become "Tourists"
In October the men were put on buses and driven into Pyongyang to the Grand Theater of the People It was filled with North Korean military men. Interpreters were seated throughout the crew to translate the opera "How Glorious the Fatherland". (Unwilling to ask to "go to the head" in this arena, one man was forced to urinate in his seat.") More excursions rapidly followed, one to a circus performance of acrobats, tumblers and a man who put his head in the mouth of a bear. It was followed by a concert by the Peoples Army Band and Chorus.
But the last, an overnight train trip, to the "Museum of Imperialist Atrocities" at Sinchon near the DMZ.
In it's October 18, 1968 issue, Time Magazine exposed the true meaning of the Hawaiian Good Luck Sign when it published and explained a photograph taken in August of the men in room 13!
Anecdote: Hell Week Begins
On December 12th, Hell Week began. The men and their bunks were crowded twelve to a room. Then the men of room 13 were taken to separate rooms for interrogation. "Why are you not sincere?", "Who is the CIA agent?", Who are the instigators?", "What did you do to make us lose face?" "Who plotted the escape?" Those were some of the questions that were fired at the men. The North Koreans were truly serious this time as it was no holds barred. Men were beaten with fists, and kicked, hit with clubs and boards, on all parts of the body, and made to kneel down with poles behind the knees while guards jumped up and down on the ends of the poles. Then other suspected instigators and eventually, every crew member was interrogated and beaten during
Hell Week. Suddenly, it abruptly ended! Thank you God the men asked.
Anecdote. One Hellish Experience
Glorious General (aka Super G) held a meeting with the crew on December 19th and again was a good guy and restored their privileges. The PUEBLO men were given one more chance to repent and be sincere by writing new confessions.
Final, Final, Final Confession from Captain Bucher.
And, they got a beauty....!
Excerpts - Captain Bucher's final, final - - FINAL confession.
Men's wounds were treated and they were given hard boiled eggs & steamed towels to roll on their bloodshot eyes to breakup the clots. And, the diet improved! An EGG!!!
On December 22nd, each man was stripped naked and searched in every orifice. Then new clothing was issued. All were then brought to "the Club." Glorious General stated that the US was apologizing. The men wanted to believe that they were going to be released, but they were afraid this might be another ruse to attempt to make them angry at the US leaders when "they changed their minds at the last minute." Later that day the men were taken by bus to the railroad station and put on a train. It was not hard to tell, this train is headed south. To the DMZ ?
On December 23, 1968, eleven months to the day of capture, CDR Bucher led his crew, one every 15 seconds, across the Bridge of no Return to freedom and the opportunity to live the rest of their lives.
But, only a part of the Pueblo incident was over for the crew.
Prepared by Harry Iredale, Ralph McClintock
The books "A Matter Of Accountability" and "Bucher: My Story"
were referenced and correspondence with crew members
was used to prepare this section.
Copyright © 2016 USS PUEBLO Veteran's Association. All rights reserved.
Compound 2 "the Farm"
Diagram of the "Farm" circa 1968
Imprisoned: 42 weeks
Upon arrival at the second compound, to be christened "the Farm," the crew was told that "this will be your home until you are sincere and admit the crimes you have committed;" and the United States apologizes! They were then grouped in rooms of eight men each, except for one room of four. Captain Bucher and the other officers were placed in their own separate rooms.
The "Rules of Life" were to be followed at all times.
Anecdote: The Farm
The daily routine was awake at 0600, wash the floors with filthy rags and water- no soap, morning calisthenics in a hallway, usually led by Charlie Law whom the Koreans considered a leader. Eat breakfast in the "mess hall." It appeared to be designed as a meeting room about twenty five by forty feet in dimension. Shifts were used for the enlisted men of each floor while PUEBLO officers ate as a group. The crew was ordered to have heads bowed to their chins at all times while in the presense of North Korean officers and guards. After breakfast it was time to read the provided English language propaganda materials "Pyongyang Times" and the picture magazine "Korea Today." Any scrap of information to be gleaned from these publications which might possibly be relavent to the crew's situation became instant gossip in the mess hall. In reality, the publications were just filled with more and more propaganda about the glories of life in the DPRK. Lunch commenced at 1200 then exercise outside on the dirt playing field at 1300 for one hour, weather permitting. Then it was back to read the same propaganda tripe. Supper was at 1800 after which "free time" in each room from 2000 to lights out at 2200. Always under the watchful eye of the AK-47 toting karate kicking guards. Sleep, to most men, brought freedom.
Breakfast consisted of two slices of brown bread and rancid butter. Lunch, initially was watery turnip soup, later it became a tea saucer of barely milled rice for four people and a sliced turnip. Dinner, more watery turnip soup but heavy with oil and occasionally the remnants of a slaughtered pig. Fatty skin with long hair attached or an eyeball with a slice of bread. Sometimes "sewer trout" returned and was served instead of soup. The food followed the Korean growing cycle. In late June sliced cucumber appeared. As the weeks went on the vegetable became larger and softer eventually to become pickled cucumber, then none.
About every 6 weeks, the crew by room was marched to the bathroom and given one basin of hot water with which to bathe. Each man's clothes consisted of the uniform he wore. Of course the crew members first talked of the probability of getting out of North Korea alive, cars, girls, food and things they had done instead of "studying" the propaganda materials. As time wore on the topics centered on possibility of release, or escape, and food, but mostly they dozed from boredom when not under a period of heavy harassment. Kalmagi cigarettes were rationed to each room. Even non-smokers claimed to smoke so that those who did would have more cigarettes. When the stress was too much, they too took a few puffs, and inhaled! The second night in their new quarters, the crew were taken to "the Club" for movies. Movies were shown irregularly. All were North Korean films showing them killing US Imperialist Warmongers.
A cyclic pattern of calm and harassment was established: The PUEBLO crew would become bolder in their daily activities and their captors would clamp down when they were considered "insincere" by strictly enforcing the rules of life and applying harsher than usual beatings for violations.
Anecdote: Mess Duty
Education for the Crew
Each room was issued a ration of "hue gee", toilet paper made from roughly processed wood pulp paper. It was handed out in four foot squares which the men tore into individual sheets. It was neither soft, nor adsorbent. It splintered! The men had been issued pencils with which to write their propaganda letters. Crew members with language and knowledge in other subjects began circulating daily lessons written on hew gee to those interested via the bathroom conduit. Soon, the Japanese katakana script, Spanish, Russian, algebra and trigonometry lessons were circulating until the North Koreans became cognizant and confiscated the pencils. The crew was being "insincere." The men were not studying the provided propaganda materials! Bi-weekly history lessons were given to each room by its North Korean "room daddy," a North Korean junior officer. These consisted of outrageous lectures on US history from the robber baron days insisting that it still applied today, and on the revolutionary zeal of the Glorious Fatherland of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and it's Dear Leader, Kim Il Sung.
the "Sincerity" thing
When the crew was found to be "Not Sincere" Super C would initiate a tirade in the meeting room with the warning "as spies, you can be shot." Hints about a trial before the people's court was usually brought up. Returning to the rooms the crew were in for a week of humiliations and beatings. These were usually performed by the junior officers and the duty guards. Some of these got very serious. The result after five or six days of this was always the same. "Super C" (the senior colonel responsible) would hold another of his marathon six or seven hour lectures. "You must to do an idea to speed your repatriation with your beloved families." That always meant, letters or a press conference. Speaking through his personal interpreter "Silver Lips" he attempted to mimic the famous Fidel Castro rants in a test of endurance for the assembled audience. Super C spewed his endless retoric as Silver Lips attempted to keep up! Bucher, sitting front and center, whipped his head back and forth, one to the other. The result was always the same. The crew would comply with "it's idea." Then would begin a week of write, rewrite, rewrite the rewrite, re-re-re-rewrite. For press conferences the Super C setup a crewmember committee! Love that committee idea! It became a game of "how can we phrase this", "what if we use this word instead" or "do yah think they know about........."
The treatment would become better or worse depending upon the day, the week, the guard, the duty officer or the situation. Usually worse. A favorite of some guards was to catch a lone prisoner in a hall and practice karate kicks on the man's head.
Anecdote: the Carousel of Pain
"What a Luck!"
(Silver Lips favorite saying when explaining a new KORCOM propaganda scheme)
In two short movies shown in June, people on the street in London were shown giving the finger to the North Korean cameraman. It became obvious that these people did not know the meaning of this symbol of contempt, and that they were also unfamiliar with current western "culture", or colloquialisms. In the coerced letters written to families, friends and political figures, and in subsequent "press" conferences the PUEBLO men now attempted to use this knowledge as a means to discredit their captor's propaganda efforts.
But, in November it all hit the fan. It was known as the "Digit Affair"
"You Imperialists smell!"
New uniforms were handed out by the North Koreans in early July to replace the stinking blue quilted winter outfits first distributed five months before in the Barn. Distribution was preceeded by a meeting where Super C who through Silver Lips spewed "even though you are criminals and should be shot as spies, the kindness of the people of the DPRK allows you to have new uniforms."
Almost every crew member received heavily censored mail on July 16th.
Crewmember Bob Hill models a selection from the winter 1968 Kim Il Sung collection.
(Photo taken by the NK at the "Farm")
Staged basketball game. During a "Press Conference" for Korean press
Press conference where men rose to
repeat prescripted lines stating their crimes
and the leniency of the Korean people!
Note: This section is rich with links
to crewmember anecdotes and,
the Digit Affair.
smuggled out of North Korea by Pueblo crewman
Titled "The Joyous Life in the DPRK!"
(from NK propaganda film)
Bridge of No Return, Panmunjom, DMZ, Korea
December 23, 1968
NBC Laugh-In Show
"Son of PUEBLO!"
Yes, that is Goldie Hawn!
The "Farm" Google Earth 2016
(click for full view) | <urn:uuid:3e08fb18-5eaa-4ce7-a8bb-507dcf188980> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.usspueblo.org/Prisoners/the_Farm.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00128-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981209 | 3,149 | 1.742188 | 2 |
- On 28/12/2012
- In Parks & Protected Sites
Photo James Delgado
By Kaimi Rose Lum - Province Town
For a tantalizing few hours, on a minus tide around the time of November’s new moon, the sandbars off Head of the Meadow Beach opened up to reveal a rusty secret. Maybe only a few seagulls were in on it.
Then Nancy Bloom came along.
A photographer, Bloom often looks to the water for subjects to shoot.
On this bright fall afternoon, as she and her husband were pulling into the Head of the Meadow parking lot, her gaze went straight to the metal hulk that was jutting out of the shallows — a ragged heap of iron, slimy with seaweed, 25 feet wide and about 20 feet from shore.
“I’ve been going to that beach for over 20 years and have never seen anything like it before,” said Bloom.
The ruin was the wreck of the Frances, a German ship that ran aground on the Truro shore 140 years ago.
On her way to Boston from the Far East, laden with tin and sugar, the 199-foot, three-masted bark sailed into a winter storm as she was rounding the Cape and sank on Dec. 27, 1872.
Her crew was rescued by the men from the newly established Highland Life-Saving Station. Salvagers removed as much of the cargo as they could and left the vessel to rot in the sand.
In the century and a half since then, the iron-hulled Frances has surfaced from time to time, exposed by a dead low tide or the scouring of a storm. Winds and tides cooperated in the wreck’s November unveiling.
“It was a [new] moon that night, it was a minus tide, and we had just had the two storms — Sandy and the nor’easter after that,” said Bloom, who discovered the shipwreck on Nov. 12, a clear day with hardly a ripple of a breeze to trouble the waters around it.
She photographed it that Monday and returned to the site on Tuesday, only to find the view of the wreck impaired by rain and wind. | <urn:uuid:a3d02053-0150-4c95-bf51-908193fb5028> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.oceantreasures.org/blog/do/tag/german-ship/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719566.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00262-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977536 | 467 | 2.390625 | 2 |
With today being World Environment Day, it’s perhaps companies like ourselves in the digital sector that should ask themselves what they can be doing to be kinder to the planet.
At Engage Web, we certainly play our part. We keep printing to a minimum and turn computers and other applications off when they’re not being used. Some of our staff walk or use public transport to get to work, and we allow them to work from home on some days too, cutting CO2 emissions further.
It’s still hard to ignore, though, that all the digital work we’re carrying out produces carbon dioxide. According to a 2009 Harvard University study, even something as innocuous as using a search engine a couple of times can produce as much CO2 as boiling a kettle. With Google alone processing around 3.5bn searches every day, that’s equivalent to making a cup of tea for every single person in the two countries responsible for the most emissions – China and the USA.
One thing we can do to even up some of the harm caused by our internet behaviour is use a search engine that has the environment in mind, like Ecosia.
Based in Germany, Ecosia has a strong partnership with Microsoft Bing. Its results are powered by Bing, but Ecosia says that it adds its own algorithms into the mix as well. What’s truly unique about Ecosia though is that the more people use it, the greater the benefits to the environment.
On the Ecosia homepage, it’s proudly announced that the community behind the search engine plants a tree every seven seconds. What’s more, it donates 80% of its profits to environment-focused non-profits.
The search results it brings up are not too bad either. A search for ‘Engage Web’ brings up our site first, after a couple of ads that are not as clearly labelled as ads as on Google. Perhaps that’s understandable as a company so focused on environmental concerns is likely to be dependent on those advertisers who support it.
For just one day at least, it might not be a bad idea to give Google a break and turn to Ecosia for all your search needs. Although Donald Trump may try to deny it, a World Economic Forum survey concluded that climate change is the biggest threat to humanity in 2017. We can’t change that on our own, but any small steps we can take can only help – especially on World Environment Day. | <urn:uuid:0cd9b825-9791-477f-9548-c0e27ae3c462> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.engageweb.co.uk/make-searches-environmentally-friendly-13484.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.955748 | 516 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Make believe knowledge
Everybody ‘believes’. It is as innately human to believe certain things as to know certain things, and very often the distinction between the two is blurred. Even those who would tell us that the only things we can know truly are those things that can be scientifically, empirically shown to be true, are expressing a belief. Their very assertion is one of blind faith and is even self-refuting; it cannot be empirically verified and thus there is no reason to accept it as true under its own criteria. They believe by faith that their dogma is true, and by that belief undermine the very foundation they attempt to build.
Like it or not, we all believe. Even when the things we believe have been established on empirical evidence, this is usually based not on our own observations of the evidence, but on acceptance of the findings of others. This is especially so in this increasingly specialised world.
The study of why we believe/know the things we believe/know is called epistemology. We believe some things by conditioning, they are the things we have been taught to believe. We believe them because our parents, our culture or someone we respect or who was influential in our lives believed them. We might call this conformity. We also believe some things out of pure contrariness to what others believe. We might like to label this as non-conformity although some might call it rebellion, often in reaction to beliefs of parents or teachers, regardless of its credibility or lack thereof.
If we are honest, we would have to admit that even some of the things we ‘know’ to be true, are actually beliefs we have absorbed from the common consensus of our family, culture, club, collegiate or congregation. This is knowledge that we have absorbed passively or under pressure. The approval of our peers, acceptance, funding, prestige, promotion and fear can all be powerful influences of what we choose to believe.
Hopefully most people will go beyond these factors to personally think through and verify the reasons why they believe certain things; particularly regarding really important questions such as where we come from, purpose in life, existence or extinction beyond the grave and so on. The answers to these questions are literally a matter of life and death; both physically and temporally; spiritually and eternally, if our existence does indeed continue beyond the grave. But even in these important categories, there are so many facets involved, that to some degree or another, we will always believe certain things to be true based on the authority of others. The reason we choose to believe these authority figures may be due to their academic credentials, their fame, their ability to influence our personal circumstances, their leadership and communication skills, their achievements in life, how broadly their teachings have been accepted by society or many other possible criteria. This is true of both religious and secular belief systems.
These authority figures (or in some cases the Controllers envisaged by Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World) have included such people as Plato, Aristotle, Hitler, Muhammad, Marx, Darwin, Freud, Oprah and even Jesus Christ. Probably the most common basis of belief, whether the faithful like to admit it or not, is that the ‘majority’ (as in “everybody knows” or “most scientists accept”) believe it. Conforming to the beliefs and biases of our peers and contemporaries is a powerful motivator. Or rather, going against the flow of professional or public opinion incurs a cost that demotivates questioning the status quo. There is a feeling of strength and even invincibility in numbers that helps us avoid as unnecessary the need to research something objectively ourselves. Based on these motives for belief, what are some of the great ‘clangers’ that ‘everybody’ has believed at different times in history?
In the religious realm, indulgences and scores of heavenly virgins awaiting martyrs (murderers) come to mind. But there have also been many dogmas in the scientific realm that have in the course of time been proven to be profound mistakes, but were nevertheless accepted by the scientific elite and therefore by the public at large. These theories were zealously defended and opponents fiercely resisted until the body of evidence against them became too overwhelming for continued defence.
The Ptolemaic and Aristotelian idea of geocentrism, the theory that the earth was at the centre of the universe and all the heavenly bodies revolved around it is a famous case in point, believed for almost 2000 years. Most educated Greeks from about the 4th century BC, believed that the earth was a sphere around which the heavens revolved. As the Roman Catholic church increased in influence from about the 4th century AD, it did so in a philosophical and scientific environment that had wholly accepted this system. Islamic astronomers later also accepted the model. As the heavens were increasingly explored and discovered, ever more complex models were developed to continue to prop up a geocentric system.
Due mainly to perceived philosophical implications, as Copernicus and Galileo developed their heliocentric models in the 16th and 17th centuries, they were strongly opposed by the Catholic church. It was the creationist Johannes Kepler who hit the final nail in the geocentric coffin with his combination of a heliocentric system and elliptical planetary motion.
Aristotle was also the most influential founder of another scientific view that held sway for 2,000 years before being proven false by another creationist. That theory was the spontaneous generation of life from non-life or abiogenesis. Without the benefit of modern microscopes, he believed that some plants and animals, under certain circumstances, were ‘self-generated’ and ‘grow spontaneously’. This was a theory that was eagerly accepted by the early evolution theorists as it provided a mechanism to get the evolutionary ball rolling. It was Louis Pasteur who by empirical experiment and observation finally put the myth of spontaneous generation to rest in the same year as Darwin’s publication of Origin of Species. Since then all biological and medical science, whether by evolutionists or creationists, is done on the assumption of biogenesis, that life only comes from life. This left evolutionists with a quandary of how life, upon which natural selection was to do its magical work, began. An evolutionist today has to still cling to some form of the unscientific notion of abiogenesis.
Big beliefs have big consequences and this is nowhere more evident than in the effect that Darwin’s ideas had on the western world’s perception of race in the 19th and 20th centuries. As the late Stephen Jay Gould, an evolutionist himself, recognised, although racism has always existed in some form or another, it was Darwinism that led to a profound increase in racist ideas and beliefs.1 Darwin predicted that if his theory were true, a subjugation and even extermination of the ‘lower races’ was inevitable. Most scientists of the late 19th through to the middle of the 20th century were Darwinian in their beliefs and promoted scientific racism as a logical consequence. Most notable among these were people like Ernst Haeckel in Germany and Henry Fairfield Osborn in America. Influenced by these scientists, the public at large in the western world were increasingly infatuated with their own ‘superiority’. Scientific racism, imperialism and rapacious colonialism became dominant themes of both sides of the turn of the 20th Century. The extermination of races forecast by Darwin was actively pursued in early race ‘laboratories’ like German South West Africa and reached its horrifying climax in the death camps of Nazi Germany. While these horrors as well as new scientific discoveries made mainstream scientists discard scientific racism in the early decades after WWII, it remains a fact that scientists and the broader public were as uniformly racist prior to this change as they are, thankfully, anti-racist today.
If ever a theory deserved to be abandoned based on its fruits, Darwinism is that theory, and yet while racism has been largely discarded, the core ideas remain. I guess in the minds of its adherents, the benefits of the theory, namely, the ‘death of God’, outweigh its inconvenient consequences like the millions killed in racial genocide last century. Darwinian evolution does not even have the benefit of empirical verification.
Perhaps you choose to believe in the dominant ideas of this age, foremost among them being evolution, largely for their cultural dominance. If so, you are in the good company of those who believed in geocentrism, abiogenesis and Darwinian race theory as well as many other ‘scientific’ discards that were once the ruling paradigms of their day.
I choose to believe the teachings of the most qualified and accredited individual to ever walk this earth, Jesus Christ the Son of God. The Creator, the Logos, an authentic teacher, instant healer of disease and disability, raiser of the dead, calmer of the seas. He was the greatest non-conformer to the dominant ideas of this world and paid for it with His life. But in the most profound of His credentials, He arose from the grave. Millions have also gone against the dominant beliefs of their culture and age, to put their faith in Him and many have paid the ultimate price for their non-conformity.
We all ‘believe’ many things. As you look for solid ground upon which to place your faith, are you looking for reality or acceptance? For Truth or tenure? For substance or comfort? For eternity or for the moment? Jesus Christ is “the Way, the Truth and the Life”.
- “Biological arguments for racism may have been common before 1850, but they increased by orders of magnitude following the acceptance of evolutionary theory.” (Gould, S.J., Ontogeny and Phylogeny, Belknap-Harvard Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, pp. 127–128, 1977.) Return to text. | <urn:uuid:5761a75f-34d5-46af-a334-6e5c69182f10> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chinese.creation.com/make-believe-knowledge | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.973288 | 2,064 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Developing software with cross-functional teams can be a hassle, especially if you don’t have a simple and organized framework in place. Sure, you can follow a rigid structure with all the requirements, costs, and deadlines set in stone.
But what if all three are subject to frequent changes? What if the project requires more flexibility? This is where Agile project management methodologies, including Scrum, come into play. Let’s map out both of these concepts, including the pros and cons, and help you determine whether these fit your style.
What Is Agile?
Agile is an iterative approach to developing software that emphasizes continuous improvement, testing, and development. This means that products undergo testing, development, and review nearly simultaneously. This is why Agile stands opposite to waterfall, an approach that leaves little to no room for changes.
The Agile Manifesto provides the 12 critical tenets of effective Agile project management. These include the following:
- Timely and continuous delivery of working software is the key to customer satisfaction
- Changes should be welcomed no matter how early or late in the development lifecycle
- Business stakeholders and developers should work hand-in-hand regularly.
- The developer team must be small, autonomous, and cross-functional
- Face-to-face interaction and constant communication are important to minimize the risks of miscommunication and misunderstanding
- Prioritize simplicity and cut out features that don’t lend value to the product
The Agile project management framework branches out into a range of methodologies. These include Kanban, Extreme Programming (XP), Lean, and Scrum, each of which differs in priorities, time management, and team structure.
What Is Scrum?
Scrum is an Agile methodology that allows the implementation of different methods throughout the software development lifecycle. The Scrum methodology puts the focus on teamwork, collaboration, and effective communication during the software development process.
Scrum is all about time management and delivering results, which is why the project development is divided into time-boxed iterations that are called sprints. Sprints require the team to work on product development in increments. These usually last anywhere from two to four weeks.
How Does the Scrum Methodology Work?
A Scrum team is composed of the product owner, the Scrum Master, and the development team. The product owner works with the client to determine the preliminary requirements of the product. What features should be added or created? What tasks should be prioritized? All of these are then included in the product backlog, which is determined before the project starts.
Afterward comes the sprint planning. The Scrum team meets to create a sprint forecast, by the end of which a sprint backlog is produced. This contains the to-do tasks for a certain sprint. During this, the development team works together to produce a working software product. Scrum also saves the team from the task of planning meetings as they participate in standups daily.
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What about the Scrum Master? Although the title immediately alludes to a leadership role, the Scrum Master actually serves the team. S/he clears the development path of any blockers by making sure the team has all the tools and resources needed to complete every sprint.
Each sprint culminates in a sprint review and a sprint retrospective. The sprint review focuses on the product itself. What was accomplished during the sprint? What features worked and what didn’t? How can the product be improved further?
The sprint retrospective, on the other hand, focuses on the process. What methods went right? What could use improvement? How should the team members adjust to ensure a seamless development process?
Scrum vs Agile: The Most Important Differences and Similarities
As with any effective software development methodologies, there are shared practices as well as unique facets. Let’s see what sets these two apart and what they share.
The Key Differences
Difference: Nature and Scope
While often pitted against each other, Agile and Scrum are actually interrelated, with the latter being a subset of the former. Agile, at its core, is a project management philosophy guided by principles laid out in the Agile Manifesto. Scrum, on the other hand, is only one of the many methodologies that fall under Agile.
This means that while Scrum is an Agile methodology, Agile doesn’t always equal Scrum as Agile operates at a much broader scale.
Agile, by definition, is open, experimental, and receptive to change. On the other hand, Scrum sticks to a much stricter set of goals and objectives, leaving little room for frequent changes.
The Agile process has a team leader that keeps a project team on task for the entire iterative process. With Scrum, teams are more self-organized.
Difference: Product Delivery and Review
In terms of product delivery, the Agile process has a cross-functional team that delivers output almost nonstop. This is to ensure continuous review and provision of regular feedback to the team. With Scrum, reviews are more structured, typically done after every sprint.
The Key Similarities
Similarity: Iterative Approach
These are both iterative approaches to software development. This means that both methodologies value and welcome change and improvement.
Similarity: Time Estimation
Both Agile and Scrum aim to deliver products at the earliest time possible. With Scrum, the sprint’s goal is to deliver objectives within a month. With Agile, the constant iterative approach allows for the daily delivery of goals.
Both Scrum and Agile prioritize improvement, communication, and full transparency within cross-functional teams. This means that those who utilize either of these want to have a better line of communication with their teams. Doing so leads to better implementation of strategies and quicker improvement of performance deficiencies.
Scrum vs Agile: Pros and Cons
As with any other approach, both Scrum and Agile have their fair share of upsides and downsides. Knowing these will help you determine which would work best for your software development team.
- Simplicity. For the Agile process, simplicity is key. The tasks never go overboard; you only do what is enough for now. This can be attractive to teams as this can help define easy-to-understand goals and objectives.
- Continuous delivery. In keeping with the Agile Manifesto, constant delivery to the team leader and client are paramount. Agile teams deliver updates, developmental changes, and more daily. This makes it easier to monitor the progress of the project.
- Effective communication. Along with the daily delivery of output are regular face-to-face communication and open discourse. This can be a great method for achieving all goals set out before a cross-functional team.
- Time commitment. Since Agile team members and clients need to be in constant communication, it can take a lot of time to actually get things done. If you can’t complete a goal because a superior didn’t get the daily briefing, it could set the team back.
- Documentation. A significant part of the software development process involves documenting the various changes and implementations done. With Agile, there is no hard-line requirement for having documentation. This can lead to confusion if something goes wrong in the development process.
- Independence. While Scrum teams partake in both Scrum review and retrospective when all’s said and done, there’s quite a bit of independence among the members. For several weeks, Scrum teams diligently work on their particular tasks within sprints. All of their focus, energy, and time goes into these few tasks.
- Sprint Review. The sprint review serves two purposes. First, it allows the Scrum team to learn from their accomplishments as well as their shortcomings. Second, it allows them to create what’s called a ‘build’ for their clients. This is essentially a detailed and comprehensive summary of the sprint.
- Self-contained. With the Scrum process, there aren’t many changes to the organizational structure. The assignment of roles, though merit-based, is flexible. For example, Scrum Masters need not be actual company managers.
- No team leader. While some may see this as a pro, having no team leader for developing software can be a risky proposition. Instead of a team leader, the Scrum team itself goes over all the details. This could potentially lead to disorganization.
- Not ideal for larger teams. Scrum can be a great addition to any small to moderately-sized team. However, its sprints and unique iterative approach may not work well for a large group. While not impossible, implementing its more tightly-knit and hyper-focused aspects can be a challenge.
- No substitutes. Since sprints consist of a few team members, the sudden departure of a member could impede the team’s progress.
Should You Use Scrum or Agile?
So, which of the two software development methodologies do you choose? Agile or Scrum? If you’re a project manager, then the answer depends on how your team goes about accomplishing things. Let’s see some direct advantages of choosing both Scrum and Agile.
Advantages of Choosing Agile
Agile software development is perfect for those who want open and transparent communication. This allows for a better connection with team members, leaders, and clients. The iterative approach of daily updates and releases decreases costly mistakes. Using Agile is the best course of action when clients and shareholders need constant assurance or updates on products.
Advantages of Choosing Scrum
The sprints and sprint reviews are great ways to focus intently on a specific facet of a project and improve upon deficiencies. There is also a greater level of independence within the Scrum framework. Leadership can be fluid and doesn’t change the overall makeup of a company. Developing software receives a hyper-focused approach.
About us: Career Karma is a platform designed to help job seekers find, research, and connect with job training programs to advance their careers. Learn about the CK publication. | <urn:uuid:138efabb-f2ad-4c33-8386-bdeb2f456376> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://careerkarma.com/blog/scrum-vs-agile/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.936739 | 2,191 | 2.421875 | 2 |
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Charitable Lead Trusts
Goal: Pass assets to heirs at potential tax savings
Benefit: Charitable tax deduction, favorable estate tax circumstances
A CLT is a powerful way to make a future transfer of assets to your heirs at a significantly reduced gift and estate tax cost, while also supporting your charity with income. The trust is established for a specified number of years, the lives of one or more individuals, or a combination of the two. The income from the trust paid to the charity of your choice. At the end of the trust term, the assets pass to beneficiaries named by the donor. The donors choose the trustee.
You can fund a CLT with cash, publicly traded securities, closely-held stock, income-producing real estate, partnership interests, or a combination of the above. You can establish a CLT during your lifetime, or as a testamentary trust through your will. A lead trust may be structured to provide a fixed dollar contribution annually (CLAT) or a fixed percentage contribution (CLUT).
Two Types of Lead Trusts
There are two basic types of Lead Trusts: Non-Grantor and Grantor.
In a non-grantor CLT, the most common type, the trust assets revert to your children, grandchildren, or other heirs at the end of the trust term. A non-grantor CLT provides a gift tax charitable deduction and is useful in reducing the cost of intergenerational wealth transfers.
In a grantor CLT, the trust assets revert to you, rather than to your heirs, at the end of the trust term. Donors creating grantor CLTs receive a large charitable contribution income tax deduction. Such a gift structure may be particularly useful if you wish to make a multi-year pledge and accelerate future deductions into the current year.
What Are The Advantages of a Non-Grantor CLT?
For people who have significant assets, a CLT provides gift and estate tax relief:
You receive a charitable gift tax deduction for the present value of the annual trust payments to the charity. The amount of this gift tax deduction is typically a large percentage of the total assets contributed to a CLT, leaving only a small portion of the gift amount subject to the gift tax.
- Because the gift tax deduction and the amount subject to gift tax
is determined at the time the assets are contributed to the CLT, any
appreciation of the assets that takes place during the term of the trust
is not subject to additional gift or estate tax. As a result, the amount
that you ultimately transfer to your heirs may be much larger than the
amount upon which the gift tax is imposed.
- None of the income earned by a CLT is taxable to the grantor; therefore,
the grantor also does not receive a charitable income tax deduction.
In effect, this results in a reduction of your taxable income over the
- The assets you contribute to a CLT are removed from your taxable estate, reducing your estate tax exposure.
- Unlike most other gift planning arrangements, the benefits of a CLT are immediate to the charity. Payments from a CLT can be used to fund operating costs and other programs as well as endowed funds.
How Do I Create a CLT?
Donors establishing a CLT should be advised by an attorney who is experienced in the area of charitable trusts and estate planning. Please contact us by phone or e-mail so that we can assist you or use our response/request form.
Return to story on Charitable Lead Trusts.
For more information or a confidential discussion of your charitable options, please email or call the KBIA General Manager, Mike Dunn, at (573) 882-3431. | <urn:uuid:f08244ed-c625-430a-a3f4-aa51c28a3f24> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.futurefocus.net/kbia/clt.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00273-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936068 | 785 | 1.648438 | 2 |
WHY SCREEN TIME BEFORE THE AGE OF TWO IS A BAD IDEA
Limiting visibility of iPads, TV and so on, before a second birthday has great benefits – especially when attempts to foist allegiance of your favourite football team on your offspring badly backfire
On the wonderful day Freddie arrived, my wife and I, still hospital-bleary, made a pact: our newborn son would not be afforded any screen time – TV, iPads, laptops, iPhones etc – until he turned two.
Romantic, I know. But all the research suggests that initial two-year period of any child’s life is the most formative, when brains are operating at optimum-sponge level, soaking up all the information their little minds can manage. Why pump it with junk, ran the argument.
The truth is, we don’t often have the TV on at home – save for when Freddie is tucked up in his cot. That’s when, as a couple, we might nibble through a series or boxset, while chomping on a simple-and-rapidly-assembled pasta dish, silently debating whether it's encroaching greediness to suggest the Phish Food for afters, again (ah, the glamour of parenthood).
Even now, with Freddie approaching his TV-watching landmark birthday, we have stayed strong to our pledge, for the most part. (And, for fear of sounding snooty, I should flag here: we certainly don’t judge any parents who do use iPads and the like to entertain/distract their children; we totally get it. We also acknowledge that Freddie might be missing out.)
For the most part, that is, aside from the occasional Manchester City game. That’s when the rules slip. So when I have to watch a match – partly for work reasons (I earn most of my corn as a sports journalist), though mostly as a supporter – I will often attempt to engage Freddie’s interest. Guilty as charged.
My defensive reasoning is this: naturally, as a 21st century parent you feel disposed – duty bound, even – to provide your little one with a well-rounded childhood. Ideally it will be one fused by education, culture and sport, thereby providing the maximum opportunities to locate talents and encourage passions.
Manchester City is a passion of mine, and one which my father passed on to me. (Those readers suspecting a glory hunter: I promise I’ve been through the bad times and the good, and admittedly the very good, recently. Shaun Goater remains my hero.) And so, I confess, for Freddie’s first birthday I bought him a City kit, socks and all. The sky-blue home shirt even had ‘Fred 1’ ironed on to the reverse (I saved £12 by cutting the last three letters from ‘Freddie’, in case you were wondering).
Alas, up to now my plans to woo Freddie’s concentration, and ignite a passion for my beloved City, have largely backfired, badly. For instance, he will regularly, defiantly, choose a red toy car / chair / spoon / bowl et cetera, over a blue one, despite my proffering the latter shade.
Red, of course, is the hue of Manchester United – City’s sworn enemies. I sometimes feel he opts for their colour to wind me up, but that can’t be possible … can it?! (As an aside, this colour wariness greatly afflicts my father. Last week – no joke – while hiring a car in France, he refused a red Clio, and demanded a blue one.)
Freddie does, though, do a splendid double-handed, arms-aloft point, while shouting ‘City’ thrice, on demand, and sometimes voluntarily. Indeed, on occasion he greets baffled visitors with this enthusiastic chant, much to my muted amusement.
However, when I have plonked him next to me on the sofa – so he can study Sergio Aguero’s attacking guile, and Joe Hart’s panther-like goalkeeping, while also noting Yaya Toure’s inability to track back and defend (tsk!) – he has been transfixed momentarily, before inevitably wriggling from my fatherly, firm grasp, having spied his talking tractor, or a noisy book, in the other room.
Worse, frequently, when I’ve managed to hold Freddie’s attention for a sustained stretch, City have contrived to concede a goal with surprising regularity. Come to think of it, I’m unsure as to whether he has actually ever seen my/our team win.
Imagine the scene: there we are, the pair of us sitting on the sofa with our sky-blue shirts on, and City’s porous defence leak a goal, triggering a funk of disappointment inside me.
Through my hands I watch the reply, and with the commotion of a goal celebration blaring from the TV, Freddie jumps off, gleefully wheels around to me, with his pointed fingers excitedly reaching ceiling-ward.
“City, City, City," he shouts, grinning, as he wields a red car. | <urn:uuid:acfa2e92-df0d-411d-9022-b104b01c56f6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://dad.info/article/ollie/why-screen-time-before-the-age-of-two-is-a-bad-idea | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00502-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946409 | 1,100 | 1.523438 | 2 |
From seeds sown 40 years ago this month in a gathering of accountants in the living room of CPA Frank Ross, the National Association of Black Accountants (NABA) has grown to more than 50 professional and 150 student chapters nationwide. To succeed, it has had to reach consensus on its goals and identity internally and within the larger accounting profession.
THE INITIAL YEARS
One precursor to that initial meeting of what would become NABA was the effort by one of the nation’s relatively few practicing black CPAs, Bert N. Mitchell, to quantify and call attention to the dearth of African-American accountants and CPAs, particularly within white-owned firms. He revealed his findings in a 1969 Journal of Accountancy article (“The Black Minority in the CPA Profession,” Oct. 69, page 41). Mitchell surveyed 104 firms and the 136 African-American CPAs he was able to identify. Representatives at the 52 firms that replied said that out of the 27,481 professionals those firms employed, only 404 were from minority groups, including 108 blacks. Black representation at the partner level in these firms was “virtually nonexistent.”
Mitchell said many firms recognized the need for more inclusive hiring and were taking remedial steps, but a greater commitment was needed to make training and employment opportunities available to minorities. He noted favorably steps by the AICPA’s new biracial Committee on Recruitment from Minority Groups, later renamed the Minority Initiatives Committee (see sidebar, “Minority Initiatives Committee Celebrates Four Decades,” at bottom of page). Mitchell advocated a greater role in the profession for black CPAs, but he did not specifically suggest a new national association. In fact, he said that black respondents rejected the idea of a “separate national professional association of black CPAs” by a margin of 57 to 25.
FORMULATORS OF THE VISION
Mindful of that desire by African-American CPAs to open the profession to minorities while working with and within established professional organizations, about 16 New York-area accountants met on a Sunday in early December 1969 at Ross’ home in the Bronx. The precipitating event was the filing of a civil rights lawsuit by the city of New York against the six of what were then the Big Eight accounting firms that had headquarters there, Ross recounts in his 2006 memoir Quiet Guys Can Do Great Things, Too. The accountants’ purpose at that first meeting, however, was open-ended: “to discuss the unique challenges and limited opportunities they faced in the accounting profession.” The group soon coalesced into nine founding members. Besides Ross, they were Ronald Benjamin, Kenneth Drummond, Earl Bigget, Bert Gibson, George Wallace, Donald Bristow, Richard McNamee and Michael Winston. Benjamin, Ross and Winston were the only CPAs in the group.
Five of them, including Ross, had been hired by one of the New York Big Eight firms, Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co. Despite such signs of progress, however, there was little to cheer about for African Americans, generally or as CPAs. The nation was in crisis. The Vietnam War was still raging. Earlier in the decade, President John F. Kennedy had been assassinated, and his brother Robert F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr., had both been shot and killed the previous year. The civil rights movement had produced the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, but the struggle to implement those initiatives continued.
Click here to open the "NABA Timeline"
STAYING THE COURSE
NABA’s founders were well aware that many of the organization’s prospective members were skeptical. “Many young blacks were afraid to step out and take a chance that they might be called a radical if they got involved with an organization such as NABA. They felt they could lose their jobs,” Ross wrote in a recent e-mail to the authors of this article. The founders knew, too, that just by including “black” in the name, the organization might be associated by some with radical organizations such as the Black Panthers—such was the sensitivity to militancy. Some African-American accountants in private practice “had not worked for a major firm and could not fully understand why we were not happy with the opportunity we had,” Ross wrote. Acceptance by established professional organizations and firms came with time, but at least NABA’s organizers were able early on to reassure them that they harbored no radical agenda. A healthy dialogue was launched with the AICPA, the New York State Society of CPAs and Big Eight firms in a forum at New York’s Biltmore Hotel. The founders also set forth at the meeting their goals for the organization, stressing education, entry to the profession, professional development and fellowship.
Despite near-universal agreement with NABA’s aims, “established black accountants were some of [the] harshest and most vocal critics” of its strategy, Ross wrote in his book. NABA’s organizers “did not get into a debate as to who was right and who was wrong,” Ross added in the e-mail. But they did “stay the course on why we felt it was important to have NABA.” One reason, which Mitchell’s study had not directly addressed, was the difficulty black accountants faced once they were hired by a major firm to advance in their careers there. Reasons then—and since—Ross says in Quiet Guys, include a lack of support from supervisors and difficulty making social adjustments. Thus NABA was able to point to a need for a network that could mentor not just accounting students but young accountants.
NABA was incorporated in New York in 1970, with Ross as its first president. It immediately established the first professional chapter in New York City. Between 1969 and the following year, signs began to emerge that the attention was beginning to bear fruit. An AICPA survey found 700 black accountants working in the 60 largest firms in 1970, up from 197 just a year earlier.
In 1971, the first student chapter, at North Carolina A&T State University, was admitted. Also that year, NABA adopted its logo of clasped hands. It was conceived by two-time national president William Aiken. In 1993, NABA adopted the motto “Lifting As We Climb.” Besides offering fellowship and mentoring, NABA also researched what Ross and others saw as the continuing problem of retention of black accountants in major firms.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
In 1986, NABA organized the Division of Firms, which provides member firms with a forum to network with other minority firms and share opportunities for education and professional development. Currently, there are 65 member firms. In 1989, NABA created the Center for Advancement of Minority Accountants (CAMA) “to attract and advance talented minorities into and throughout accountancy-related careers in business and academia.” It does so partly through the Accounting Career Awareness Program (ACAP) outreach to high school students. In 2007, NABA launched CPA Bound, an advocacy initiative to increase the number of black CPAs. Membership in these groups has provided leadership experience, teamwork, networking and voluntary community service, as well as financial assistance through scholarships.
In a 2008 interview with the authors, Ross applauded what he said had been a serious commitment by major accounting firms to hire more minority accounting professionals. Likewise, George Willie, a CPA active in NABA as well as AICPA committees, said in testimony in 2007 before the U.S. Department of the Treasury Advisory Committee on the Audit Profession that “the competition to recruit and retain top talent is fierce in the professional labor markets, including accounting, with many firms seeking to enhance staff diversity in order to meet both staffing needs and client expectations.” Yet, leaders also point out, underrepresentation of African Americans in the CPA profession remains a challenge. Despite a significant increase in the number of minorities studying accounting, African Americans are only 3% of all CPAs and 1% of partner-owners, according to Willie’s testimony. Many observers agree that for African Americans, the “problem is retention, not entry into the profession,” Linda Gaston, then the executive director of NABA, said more than 21 years ago in a JofA article, “Blacks in the Profession” (Feb. 88, page 38).
Another challenge is making the transition from accounting student to CPA. A CPA Examination Summit sponsored by the Howard University School of Business Center for Accounting Education, which Ross directs, and NABA identified the following circumstances as contributing to a reluctance by recent African-American graduates to sit for the CPA exam (see also “Expanding the Ranks of African-American CPAs,” JofA, Feb. 08, page 48):
- Generational challenges.
- Dearth of African-American CPA role models.
- Lack of motivation or the need to become a CPA.
- Exam mechanics.
- Preparation at the college/university level.
- Lack of valuing the CPA credential.
- Lack of reliable data about the problem.
Ross has continued to be an unwavering supporter of NABA and minority accountants. In 2008, and again in 2009, he was selected as one of the “Top 100 Most Influential People in Accounting” by Accounting Today magazine.
In addition to being a vehicle of social change within the accounting community, NABA has succeeded in becoming a networking forum for African-American professionals and businesses, through its annual conventions, the Division of Firms and professional and student chapters throughout the country.
NABA is now led by its 23rd president and CEO, Walter J. Smith, vice president of financial reporting at Prudential Financial in Newark, N.J. His theme is “40 Years, One NABA.” Last year, NABA hired its current executive director, Gregory Johnson, who previously worked 16 years with the AICPA, including as director of exam strategy for the Uniform CPA Examination.
The accessibility of the profession to African Americans attests to the cultural transformation that took place within the accounting community since the inception of NABA. According to NABA, today the organization represents more than 100,000 African-American and other minority professionals in the fields of accounting, finance, business consulting, tax and information technology.
Photo courtesy of Frank Ross. Six of NABA’s founders, plus a president, in 1999. Standing, from left: Frank Ross, Bert Gibson, Earl Bigget and Michael Winston. Seated, from left: Donald Bristow, Daniel Moore and Ronald Benjamin. Moore, while not one of the founding members, was president of NABA from 1997 to 2000.
Forty years ago, when the National Association of Black Accountants formed, there were relatively few African- American CPAs, particularly within white-owned public accounting firms.
Starting with a meeting in December 1969 at the New York home of CPA Frank Ross, the group that would soon be incorporated as NABA faced an uphill climb. Although it was nearly universally acknowledged that black Americans should have greater opportunities to enter the CPA profession, agreement on the best strategy to accomplish that goal was elusive. Even among black accountants, there was not a clear consensus in favor of a national organization such as NABA.
An early goal was better preparation of accounting students; through such programs as CPA Bound and the Center for Advancement of Minority Accountants, NABA helped open the pipeline for young professionals. Through its Division of Firms, it also has sought to provide networking opportunities for black-owned firms.
Today, in conjunction with other groups such as the AICPA’s Minorities Initiatives Committee, NABA continues to cultivate young CPAs as well as to work on related issues, such as retention of African Americans and other minorities within the profession.
Dale L. Flesher (firstname.lastname@example.org) is an associate dean and professor at the Patterson School of Accountancy of the University of Mississippi in Oxford, Miss. Helen G. Gabre (email@example.com) is an assistant professor of accounting at Alabama A&M University.
To comment on this article or to suggest an idea for another article, contact Paul Bonner, senior editor, at firstname.lastname@example.org or 919-402-4434.
National Association of Black Accountants, nabainc.org
- Quiet Guys Can Do Great Things, Too: A Black Accountant’s Success Story , by Frank K. Ross, Writing Our World Press, Chicago, 2006.
- A White-Collar Profession: African American Certified Public Accountants Since 1921 , by Theresa A. Hammond, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 2002.
Minority Initiatives Committee Celebrates Four Decades
At the same time the National Association of Black Accountants was being formed, the AICPA launched an effort to encourage more minority students to enter the CPA profession. The Minority Initiatives Committee (MIC) is celebrating its 40th anniversary with new promotional materials and recognition by accounting educators for its role. An e-book, “CPAs of Color: Celebrating 40 Years,” commemorates the MIC’s founding, progress and continued dedication (tinyurl.com/yj7l82e). It highlights 41 minority CPAs with short profiles and quotes. In fact, presenting to students the significant and varied career paths for CPAs is a big part of what the MIC does.
Swelling the pipeline of promising minority accounting graduates was a central aim in the MIC’s initial work. It was formed as the Minority Recruitment and Equal Opportunity Committee, also known as the Committee on Recruitment from Minority Groups. The AICPA’s Council had declined to vote on a proposed antidiscrimination resolution in 1965 but four years later passed a resolution calling for “special efforts” to educate and hire “from disadvantaged groups” more students “of high potential”—this last phrase added after a contentious floor debate. The resolution also called upon individuals and firms to “integrate the accounting profession in fact as well as ideal.” The resolution also charged the committee with the duty to “continue to advance these objectives until they are achieved.”
Soon after its founding, the committee established its Scholarships for Minority Accounting Students program. Since then, the program has awarded more than $14 million in scholarships to more than 10,000 students.
The committee recognized that equally important as scholarship assistance is providing students with mentors and other contact with CPAs. Accordingly, the MIC’s Accounting Scholars Leadership Workshop has since 1995 held free annual workshops for top undergraduate and graduate accounting students from across the nation. The workshop is designed to inculcate communication and presentation skills and give participants an opportunity to learn from and be inspired by role models within the profession. More than 1,200 students have attended the two-day workshops, in which they also engage in case study competitions and other team-building exercises. Accounting professionals from government, business and industry, public practice and academia show them that accountancy tasks are as diverse as the professionals who perform them, said Ostine Swan, AICPA senior manager for diversity and staff liaison to the MIC.
“In a lot of cases, they become aware of CPAs’ varied career paths,” Swan said.
Another important effort is the MIC’s work in conjunction with other groups, colleges and universities and the KPMG PhD Project. The AICPA’s Fellowship for Minority Doctoral Students is a component of the effort to attract students toward advanced degrees in accounting, to help ensure the ranks of accounting educators are filled from a representative pool of well-qualified candidates. The fellowship provides $12,000 per year for up to five years and so far has assisted 111 doctoral candidates.
In recognition of the MIC’s longstanding commitment, the American Accounting Association awarded it the 2009 Diversity Section Award for Excellence.
Collaboration between NABA and the MIC has created synergy, said Genevia Gee Fulbright, who chairs the MIC and has chaired NABA committees.
“NABA’s strategic partnership with the AICPA Minority Initiatives Committee has contributed to the increased number of minorities in significant roles within the AICPA, including those serving on the AICPA boards, foundations and committees,” Fulbright said. “Many leaders have been active NABA members who benefited from mentorships and coaching.”
—by JofA Senior Editor Paul Bonner | <urn:uuid:48f65989-9cc8-46a1-b85b-24b27192fcc3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.journalofaccountancy.com/issues/2009/dec/20092033.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720475.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00353-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967641 | 3,492 | 2.28125 | 2 |
A. Botea, M. Enzenberger, M. Mueller, and J. Schaeffer
Despite recent progress in AI planning, many benchmarks remain challenging for current planners. In many domains, the performance of a planner can greatly be improved by discovering and exploiting information about the domain structure that is not explicitly encoded in the initial PDDL formulation. In this paper we present and compare two automated methods that learn relevant information from previous experience in a domain and use it to solve new problem instances. Our methods share a common four-step strategy. First, a domain is analyzed and structural information is extracted, then macro-operators are generated based on the previously discovered structure. A filtering and ranking procedure selects the most useful macro-operators. Finally, the selected macros are used to speed up future searches.
We have successfully used such an approach in the fourth international planning competition IPC-4. Our system, Macro-FF, extends Hoffmann's state-of-the-art planner FF 2.3 with support for two kinds of macro-operators, and with engineering enhancements. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our ideas on benchmarks from international planning competitions. Our results indicate a large reduction in search effort in those complex domains where structural information can be inferred. | <urn:uuid:3b43d493-4066-4b19-81ab-2db5368ff829> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://aaai.org/Library/JAIR/Vol24/jair24-015.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00382-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.898541 | 256 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Markos 10Orthodox Jewish Bible (OJB)
10 And from there, having got up, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach comes into the region of Yehudah and on the other side of the Yarden, and again multitudes gather to him, and as was his minhag (custom), once more he was teaching them Torah.
2 And, having approached, the Perushim, testing him, were asking him, Is it mutar for a man to give a get (divorce) to his wife?
3 But in reply, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to them, What mitzvah (commandment) did Moshe [Rabbeinu] give you?
4 And they said, Moshe Rabbeinu made it mutar (permissible) for a man to write SEFER KERITUT (a get, bill of divorcement) and to send her away (dismiss her, divorce her). [DEVARIM 24:1-4]
5 But Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to them, Because of the hardness of your levavot, he wrote you this mitzvah. [TEHILLIM 95:8]
7 AL KEN YAAZAV ISH ES AVIV VES IMMO VDAVAK BISHTO
8 VHAYU LVASAR ECHAD (A man will leave his father and his mother and he will be joined to his isha (wife), and the two will be one flesh;) [BERESHIS 2:24] For this reason, they are no longer Shnayim but Basar Echad.
9 Therefore, what Hashem has joined together, let no ben Adam separate.
10 And in the bais, the talmidim began to question Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach about this again.
11 And he says to them, Whoever gives a get to his isha and marries another, commits niuf (adultery) against his isha.
12 And if she gets a get (divorce) from her baal (husband) and marries another, she commits niuf (adultery). [Mt 19:9]
13 And they brought to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach yeladim that he might lay his hands on them. But the talmidim rebuked them.
14 And having seen this, he became displeased and indignant, and said to his talmidim, Permit the yeladim to come to me, and do not hinder them, for of such as these is the Malchut Hashem.
15 Omein, I say to you, Whoever is not mekabel Malchut Hashem (receives the Kingdom of G-d) as a yeled would be mekabel Malchut Hashem, will by no means enter it.
16 And having taken the yeladim into his arms, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach laid his hands on them and made a bracha over them.
17 And as Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was setting out to travel, one running and falling down before him, was asking him, Rabbi haTov, what mitzvah may I do that I might inherit Chayyei Olam?
18 And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to him, Why do you call me tov? No one [is] tov except echad, Elohim, nu?
19 You have daas of the mitzvot, the Aseres HaDibros (The Decalogue), LO TIRTZACH, LO TINAF, LO TIGNOV, LO TAANEH VREIACHA ED SHAKER, KABEID ES AVICHA VES IMMECHAH (Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not bear false witness (do not defraud), honor your father and mother.) [SHEMOT 20:12-16; DEVARIM 5:16-20]
20 And the man was saying to him, Rabbi, from kinderyoren I have been frum and shomer mitzvot, keeping all these things.
21 And looking at him and having ahavah for his neshamah, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to him, One thing you lack: go and sell all your possessions and give to the aniyim, and you will have otzar (treasure) in Shomayim; and come, follow me.
22 But at the dvar HaMoshiach, his face turned gloomy and he departed with agmat nefesh (grief), for he had many possessions.
23 And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, looking around, says to his talmidim, How difficult it will be for the oisher to enter the Malchut Hashem! [Psa 52:7, 62:10]
24 And the talmidim were amazed at his dvarim. But again Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach in reply, says to them, Yeladim, how difficult it is to enter into the Malchut Hashem.
25 It is easier [for] a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for an oisher (rich person) to enter the Malchut Hashem.
26 And they were even more amazed, saying to one another, Then who with the Yeshuat Eloheinu is able to be saved?
27 Having looked at them, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach says, With Bnei Adam [this is] impossible, but not with Hashem. For all things are possible with Hashem.
28 Shimon Kefa began to say to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, Hinei! We left everything and have followed you!
29 Yehoshua said, Omein, I say to you, there is no one who left bais or achim or achayot or em or abba or banim or sadot (fields) for the sake of me and for the sake of the Besuras HaGeulah,
30 But that he shall receive a hundredfold now in the Olam Hazeh, batim (houses) and achim and achayot and imahot and banim and sadot with redifot (persecutions); and in Olam Habah, Chayyei Olam.
31 And many Rishonim (First Ones) will be Acharonim (Last Ones); and the Acharonim, will be Rishonim.
32 And they were on the derech making aliyah leregel (pilgrimage) to Yerushalayim, and Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was leading out, walking ahead of them, and they were astounded, and the ones following were afraid. And again Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach took the Shneym Asar aside for a yechidus and began to tell them what was to happen to him,
33 Saying, Hinei, we are making aliyah leregel to Yerushalayim, and the Ben Adam will be betrayed to the Rashei Hakohanim and the Sofrim and they will condemn him with onesh mavet (death penalty) and will hand him over to the Goyim.
34 And they will mock him and spit on him and scourge him and will kill [him], and after his histalkus (passing), on Yom HaShlishi, he in his Techiyas HaMoshiach from HaMesim will stand up alive again.
35 And Yaakov and Yochanan, the banim of Zavdai, approached Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, saying to him, Rebbe, we wish that whatever bakosha we may ask you, you may do for us.
36 And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to them, What do you wish me to do for you?
37 And they said to him, Grant to us that one may sit limin (at the right hand) of you and one lismol (at the left hand) in your kavod.
38 But he said to them, You do not have daas of what you ask. Are you able to drink the kos which I drink or to undergo my tevilah? [IYOV 38:2]
39 And they said to him, We are able. And he said to them, The kos which I drink you shall drink; and you shall have the tevilah in which I am submerged.
40 But to sit limin or lismol of me is not mine to grant, but for the ones for whom it has been prepared.
41 And hearing this, the Asarah (Ten) became indignant with Yaakov and Yochanan.
42 And having summoned them, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach says to them, You have daas that among the Goyim those whom they recognize as their moshlim (rulers) domineer them and their Gedolim exercise authority over them.
43 However, it is not so among you. He who wishes to become gadol among you must be your mesharet.
44 And whoever wishes to be first among you must be eved of all.
45 For even the Ben HaAdam (Moshiach, DANIEL 7:13-14) did not come to be served but to serve and to give his NEFESH as a kofer (ransom, pedut) LARABBIM (for many, for the Geulah Redemption of many). [YESHAYAH 53:10-11]
46 And they come to Yericho. And as Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was going forth from Yericho with his talmidim and a great multitude, Bar-Timai [son of Timai], an ivver, a poor betler (beggar), was sitting beside the road.
47 And when he heard that it was Yehoshua from Natzeret coming, he began to cry out and to shout, Ben Dovid Yehoshua, chaneini!
48 And many were rebuking him that he should shekit, but he kept crying out all the more, Ben Dovid, chaneini!
49 Having stopped, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said, Summon him here. And they called the ivver, saying to him, Chazak! Cheer up! He is calling you!
50 And having tossed aside his kaftan, and having jumped up, he came to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach.
51 And in reply, Yehoshua said, What do you wish that I may do for you? And the ivver said to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, Rabboni, that I may see.
52 And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to him, Go. Your emunah has brought you tikkun (restored you). And ofen ort (immediately) he regained his sight and he began following Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach baderech (on the road). | <urn:uuid:9adf5984-8907-4632-af41-93f92a306314> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Markos+10&version=OJB | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965286 | 2,456 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Our solar system is a vast place, with lots of mostly empty space between planets. But out there are comets, asteroids and more rocky, frozen objects (including dwarf planets) yet to be discovered in the Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud.
The solar system is made up of the sun and everything that orbits around it, including planets, moons, asteroids, comets and meteoroids. It extends from the sun, called Sol by the ancient Romans, and goes past the four inner planets, through the Asteroid Belt to the four gas giants and on to the disk-shaped Kuiper Belt and far beyond to the giant, spherical Oort Cloud and the teardrop-shaped heliopause. Scientists estimate that the edge of the solar system is about 9 billion miles (15 billion kilometers) from the sun.
For millennia, astronomers have followed points of light that seemed to move among the stars. The ancient Greeks named these planets, meaning "wanderers." Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn were known in antiquity, and the invention of the telescope added the Asteroid Belt, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto and many of these worlds' moons. The dawn of the space age saw dozens of probes launched to explore our system, an adventure that continues today. The discovery of Eris kicked off a rash of new discoveries of dwarf planets. | <urn:uuid:64191bc1-2ffc-472a-8d3f-4847bc964605> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://brainly.in/question/233768 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00077-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936542 | 277 | 3.984375 | 4 |
1 Mortelmans et al. International Journal of Emergency Medicine (2015) 8:34 DOI /s ORIGINAL RESEARCH Open Access Dutch senior medical students and disaster medicine: a national survey Luc J. M. Mortelmans 1,2*, Stef J. M. Bouman 3, Menno I. Gaakeer 3, Greet Dieltiens 1, Kurt Anseeuw 1 and Marc B. Sabbe 2,4 Abstract Background: Medical students have been deployed in victim care of several disasters throughout history. They are corner stones in first-line care in recent pandemic planning. Furthermore, every physician and senior medical student is expected to assist in case of disaster situations, but are they educated to do so? Being one of Europe s densest populated countries with multiple nuclear installations, a large petrochemical industry and also at risk for terrorist attacks, The Netherlands bear some risks for incidents. We evaluated the knowledge on Disaster Medicine in the Dutch medical curriculum. Our hypothesis is that Dutch senior medical students are not prepared at all. Methods: Senior Dutch medical students were invited through their faculty to complete an online survey on Disaster Medicine, training and knowledge. This reported knowledge was tested by a mixed set of 10 theoretical and practical questions. Results: With a mean age of 25.5 years and 60 % females, 999 participants completed the survey. Of the participants, 51 % considered that Disaster Medicine should absolutely be taught in the regular medical curriculum and only 2 % felt it as useless; 13 % stated to have some knowledge on disaster medicine. Self-estimated capability to deal with various disaster situations varied from 1.47/10 in nuclear incidents to 3.92/10 in influenza pandemics. Self-estimated knowledge on these incidents is in the same line (1.71/10 for nuclear incidents and 4.27/10 in pandemics). Despite this limited knowledge and confidence, there is a high willingness to respond (ranging from 4.31/10 in Ebola outbreak over 5.21/10 in nuclear incidents to 7.54/10 in pandemics). The case/theoretical mix gave a mean score of 3.71/10 and raised some food for thought. Although a positive attitude, 48 % will place contaminated walking wounded in a waiting room and 53 % would use iodine tablets as first step in nuclear decontamination. Of the participants, 52 % even believes that these tablets protect against external radiation, 41 % thinks that these tablets limit radiation effects more than shielding and 57 % believes that decontamination of chemical victims consists of a specific antidote spray in military cabins. Conclusions: Despite a high willingness to respond, our students are not educated for disaster situations. Keywords: Education; Disaster medicine; Medical students; Curriculum Background In the past, medical students have been involved in direct patient care in large-scale mass casualty incidents. From the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918 over floodings , devastating earthquakes [3, 4] to the 9/11 massacre , medical students have been deployed in victim care. The Belgian Royal Academy of Medicine even * Correspondence: 1 Department of Emergency Medicine ZNA camp Stuivenberg, Lange Beeldekensstraat 267, B2060 Antwerp, Belgium 2 Center for Research and Education in Emergency Care, Leuven, Belgium Full list of author information is available at the end of the article mentioned them as an important player in the national H5N1 pandemic plan in 2005 although they were absolutely not prepared for it . Despite the expectation of voluntary deployment, we know that training in Disaster Medicine has little to no place in regular medical curricula worldwide [8 16]. How can we rely on their help if they are not prepared? Our hypothesis is that, in the Netherlands, senior medical students are minimally prepared for direct patient care or other tasks during mass casualty incidents Mortelmans et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
2 Mortelmans et al. International Journal of Emergency Medicine (2015) 8:34 Page 2 of 5 Methods To evaluate Disaster Medicine education amongst senior medical students, a descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the academic year The study was approved by the local ethical committee of ZNA, Antwerp. Senior medical students (last 2 years of the 6 years of medical education) of the eight medical faculties that provide full medical training in The Netherlands were invited through their faculty and/or social media to complete an online survey (Survey Monkey, Palo Alto, California USA) on Disaster Medicine, training and knowledge. The survey (see Additional file 1: Figure S1) consisted of demographic data, prior education and selfestimated knowledge on and capability to deal with several disaster scenarios as well as their willingness to work in these circumstances. Scores were given on a scale from 0 to 10. This reported knowledge was tested by a mixed set of 10 theoretical questions and practical cases, each correct answer valuing 1 point out of 10. The survey was developed at the Center for Research and Education in Emergency Care (CREEC) at the University of Leuven based upon literature data and validated by several disaster specialists from the network of the CREEC and the Leuven University Disaster Management Course (joint venture with the Belgian Military and the Flemish Society of Emergency Nurses). The data were statistically evaluated by the use of Stata SE 10.1 (StataCorp LP, College Station, Texas USA). We used where appropriate, the Pearson chi-square test, the two-sided t test, the Wilcoxon Mann Whitney test, the Kruskal Wallis test and the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. A p value smaller than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Local student organisations were contacted to check to which extent Disaster Medicine courses (obligatory or voluntary) were incorporated in the local curriculum. Results Unfortunately, we could only approach students from six out of eight faculties as we were not allowed to contact students from both faculties in Amsterdam due to so-called survey overload. On a total population of 4408, 999 students participated, being a response rate of %. Demographic data are grouped in Table 1. Selfestimated knowledge on and capability to deal with some specific disaster situations as well as willingness to assist in these situations during their apprenticeship are listed in Table 2. The mean score on the theoretical/case mix was 3.71/10 (0 10 SD 2.56), an overview of the questions and all results is given in Table 3. Some topics here are certainly food for thought; 48 % directs potentially contaminated patients into the waiting room with all other patients at risk for contamination. There is a huge belief in the effects of iodine tablets: 52 % is convinced that they protect against external radiation and up to 53 % will use them as a first step in nuclear decontamination. Where 54 % knows that that limiting time of exposure, increasing distance and shielding limits radiation damage the most, up to 41 % will use iodine tablets for this purpose; 57 % believes that decontamination of chemical victims consists of a specific antidote spray in military cabins. Female and younger students scored better as well as students with prior knowledge or EMS experience. Those expressing the ambition to become a specialist score better than occupational or family physicians. Those who find it absolutely necessary to incorporate Disaster Medicine in the curriculum have a significant lower score than those feeling it useful. There is a very strong correlation between the test score and self-estimated knowledge, self-estimated capability and willingness to respond on the other hand. There were no significant differences between the faculties, not in demographics nor in scores. No universities offer any disaster medicine training in their curricula. Some students are informed during internship on EDs with a disaster prone staff but this on a Table 1 Demographic data of our study population Gender Male 41 % Female 59 % Mean age (20 49) Study year 5th 50 % 6th (last) 50 % Future orientation Family practice 38 % Occupational/insurance 2 % Specialisation 60 % Lives within 20 km Yes 2 % of nuclear installation No 69 % Don t know 29 % Lives within 20 km Yes 16 % of chemical installation No 28 % Don t know 56 % Any EMS/DM experience Yes 7 % No 93 % Has some DM knowledge Yes 13 % No 87 % DM needs to be trained Absolutely 51 % within curriculum Useful 48 % Useless 1 %
3 Mortelmans et al. International Journal of Emergency Medicine (2015) 8:34 Page 3 of 5 Table 2 Scores in mean (minimum maximum) of the 0 10 visual analogical scale on self-estimated knowledge and capabilty and willingness to respond in the evaluated disaster situations Self-estimated knowledge Self-estimated capability Willingness to respond Nuclear incidents 1.71/10 (0 8) 1.47/10 (0 9) 5.21/10 (0 10) Chemical incidents 2.28/10 (0 8) 1.85/10 (0 8) 5.87/10 (0 10) Biological incidents 2.28/10 (0 8) 2.04/10 (0 8) 6.61/10 (0 10) Outbreak very infectious 4.27/10 (0 10) 3.92/10 (0 9) 7.54/10 (0 10) disease (e.g. N5H1) Outbreak very dangerous contagious infection (e.g. Ebola) 2.88/10 (0 10) 2.47/10 (0 9) 4.31/10 (0 10) voluntary unstructured base, not linked with the university curricula. Discussion In case of mass casualty incidents, all unaffected, available hands are expected to attend in controlling the situation. So every physician, whatever speciality he or she might have, should be able to assist . When communities get isolated as in natural disasters, the family physicians could be the only source of medical relief until external help is organised . In this option, the Association of American Medical Colleges did recommend that all medical schools should thoroughly educate their students about EMS to ensure coordinated responses to weapons of mass destruction or other public health threats . However, recent evaluation proves that this exposure still is very limited with a call for a national curriculum [20, 21]. Looking at the European situation, there is an established curriculum in Germany . Italy is in the experimental phase testing a programme and educational methods in several medical schools following a clear need expressed by the students . Belgium has a limited introduction in three faculties . Our findings demonstrate that medical students in The Netherlands perform not better compared with their Belgian colleagues. Despite a considerable willingness to respond in case of a disaster, education and training in disaster medicine are inadequate to meet these challenges. The students seem to be aware of this situation as half of the respondents find it absolutely necessary to incorporate it in their regular curriculum. They seem to be most at ease with infectious problems, probably due to the fact that this kind of pathology is discussed in regular lectures on internal medicine or infectiology. Despite media attention after the Fukushima incident, nuclear problems remain the big unknown. Perceived knowledge and capability is limited over different situations, and this was confirmed by the test with practical cases. Misconceptions on (de)contamination and radioprotective effects of iodine tablets create dangerous Table 3 Overview of the answers on the theory/case mix questions Q1/ Chain collision, possible cotaminated patients: Isolate in distal corner 5 % In waiting room 49 % In garage 1 % Wait separately outside 45 % No action, hide 0 % Q2/ Iodine tablets protect against: External radiation 28 % Internal radiation 15 % Both external and internal 24 % No radiation protection 20 % Don t know 13 % Q3/Tthe CGV means: Operational leader of overall disaster management 26 % Controlling arriving ambulances 4 % Field hospital supplies 2 % Deciding which patients go where 14 % Don t know 55 % Q4/ Postman with necrotic lesions: Frostbite 10 % New chemical product 22 % Possible anthrax 47 % Use of new kind of black ink 1 % Don t know 20 % Q5/ Chemical decontamination: Oral antidote 5 % Antidote body smear 3 % Antidote spray special miltary cabin 57 % Wash with water and soap 15 % Don t know 20 % Q6/ What limits radiation damage the most? Protective clothing 3 % Fast decontamination 1 % Oral iodine tablets 41 % Limit time of exposure, increase distance and shielding 54 % Don t know 1 % Q7/ 2 most important objects to take along in evacuation: Smartphone 57 % Laptop 2 % ID/health insurance cards 46 % Syllabus/handbook 1 % Sixpack of beer 4 % Normally used medication 79 % Photo of loved one 1 %
4 Mortelmans et al. International Journal of Emergency Medicine (2015) 8:34 Page 4 of 5 Table 3 Overview of the answers on the theory/case mix questions (Continued) None of the above 6 % Don t know 0 % Q8/ Superficial cuts and first degree burns, go to Nearest hospital 47 % Closest hospital with burn unit 5 % Home (recover and sleep) 6 % Hospital ED further away 41 % Don t know 1 % Q9/ First step in nuclear decontamination Shower patient 8 % Administer iodine tablets 53 % Take off clothes and shoes 23 % Put on lead apron 4 % Don t know 12 % Q10/ Traffic accident with 2 trucks and 2 victims, what to do? Stop, call 112 and help lying victim 40 % Stop, call 112 and help limping victim 2 % Stop at safe distance and wait for clearance fire brigade 54 % Drive by and call 112 at hospital 4 % Do as if nothing happened 0 % The correct answers are given in bold. The don t know option was added to eliminate wild guess bias situations for themselves, patients and other healthcare professionals. Only implementation of a national (or European) curriculum on disaster management, not ready available at time of the study, can solve the problem. Our study however raised the awareness of this problem in one faculty (Rotterdam) where a voluntary basic course is considered. Comparison with a recent similar survey amongst Belgian senior medical students revealed a lower mean test score, a lower willingness to respond and a lower estimated capability in chemical and infectious incidents in our study population. Recruiting the students was a major limitation in this project. We could only contact the students by medical faculties with variable levels of cooperation and/or by social media groups. In an era of survey fatigue, this complex procedure will limit participation to really motivated persons so our results may potentially be too optimistic. Anonymous participation in this online survey limits scientific control on participants so eventual duplicate results cannot be excluded. Depending on self-reported information could bias the results as well; however, the strong correlation between estimated knowledge and capability and test score on the other hand limits this assumption. Exclusion of the Amsterdam students could also bias our results. We do hope this effect is limited as there were no differences in demographics and results between all other faculties. Conclusions In conclusion, we could state that Dutch senior medical students do believe in the usefulness of teaching Disaster Medicine in the regular curriculum. Although knowledge and estimated capability are limited, there is a relative high willingness to respond. Development and implementation of European guidelines could help to establish a basic training preparing them for a real incident. Additional file Additional file 1: Figure S1. Survey used to evaluate disaster medicine training/education. (PDF 130 kb) Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors contributions LM conceived the study, participated on survey design and literature study and drafted the manuscript. SB participated in recruiting and contacting the student organisations on social media. MG participated in study design and contacts with the faculties. GD and KA performed statistical analysis of the data. MS participated in study and survey design. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the faculty administrators who contacted the students and those enthusiast students that promoted the survey with their colleagues. We also wish to thank Medica, the medical student group of the University of Leuven, Belgium, for kindly hosting the survey on their website and the Belgian Society of Emergency and Disaster Medicine for the use of their Survey Monkey account. Author details 1 Department of Emergency Medicine ZNA camp Stuivenberg, Lange Beeldekensstraat 267, B2060 Antwerp, Belgium. 2 Center for Research and Education in Emergency Care, Leuven, Belgium. 3 Department of Emergency Medicine Admiraal De Ruyterhospital, Goes, The Netherlands. 4 Department of Emergency Medicine University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. Received: 27 May 2015 Accepted: 16 July 2015 References 1. Starr I. Influenza in 1918: recollections of the epidemic in Philadelphia. Ann Int Med. 2006;145(2): Kshirsagar NA, Shinde RR, Mehta S. Floods in Mumbai: impact of public health service by hospital staff and medical students. J Postgrad Med. 2006;52: Reyes H. Student s response to disaster: a lesson for health care professional schools. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153(10): Sabri AA, Qayyum MA. Why medical students should be trained in disaster management: our experience of the Kashmir Earthquake. PLoS Med. 2006;3(9): Katz CL, Gluck N, Maurizio A, DeLisi LE. The medical student experience with disasters and disaster response. CNS Spectr. 2002;7(8): Belgian Royal Academy of Medicine. The coming influenza epidemic: a reason to prepare. Belg Tijdschr Gen. 2005;61(22): Mortelmans LJM, De Cauwer HG, Van Dyck E, Monballyu P, Van Giel R, Van Turnhout E. Are Belgian senior medical studenst ready to deliver basic medical care in case of a H5N1 pandemic? Prehosp Disaster Med. 2009;24(5):
5 Mortelmans et al. International Journal of Emergency Medicine (2015) 8:34 Page 5 of 5 8. Scott LA, Carson DS, Greenwell IB. Disaster 101: a novel approach to disaster medicine training for health professionals. J Emerg Med. 2010;39(2): Markenson D, DiMaggio C, Redlener I. Preparing health professions students for terrorism, disaster and public health emergencies: core competencies. Acad Med. 2005;80(6): Accatino L, Figueroa RA, Montero J, Gonzalez M. The worrisome lack of disaster training in Latin American medical schools. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2010;28(2): Smith J, Levy MJ, Hsu EB, Levy JL. Disaster curricula in medical education: pilot survey. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(5): Dembek Z, Iton A, Hansen H. A model curriculum for public health bioterrorism education. Pub Health Rep. 2005;120: Altintas KH, Boztas G, Duyuler S, Duzlu M, Energin H, Ergun A. Differences in opinions on disaster myths between first year and sixth year medical students. Eur J Emerg Med. 2009;16(2): Franc-Law JM, Ingrassia PL, Ragazzoni L, Della CF. The effectiveness of training with an emergency department simulator on medical student performance in a simulated disaster. CJEM. 2010;12(1): Cummings GE, Della Corte F, Cummings GG. Disaster medicine education in Canadian medical schools before and after September 11, CJEM. 2005;7(6): Ingrassia PL, Geddo A, Lombardi F, Calligaro S, Prato F, Tengattini M, et al. Teaching disaster medicine to medical students: learning by doing is a useful tool. Eur J Emerg Med. 2006;13(1): Kaji AH, Coates W, Fung CC. A disaster medicine curriculum for medical students. Teach Learn Med. 2010;22(2): Huntington MK, Gavagan TF. Disaster medicine training in family medicine: a review of the evidence. Fam Med. 2011;43(1): Parrish AR, Oliver S, Jenkins D, Ruscio B, Green JB, Colenda C. A short medical shool course on responding to bioterrorism and other disasters. Acad Med. 2005;80(9): Kaiser HE, Barnett DJ, Hsu EB, Kirsch TD, James JJ, Subbarao I. Perspectives of future physicians on disaster medicine and public health preparedness: challenges of building a capable and sustainable auxiliary medical workforce. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009;3(4): Jasper E, Berg K, Reid M, Gomella P, Weber D, Schaeffer A, et al. Disaster preparedness: what training do our interns receive during medical school? Am J Med Qual. 2013;28(5): Pfenninger EG, Domres BD, Stahl W, Bauer A, Houser CM, Himmelseher S. Medical student disaster medicine education: the development of an educational resource. Int J Emerg Med. 2010;3: Ingrassia PL, Ragazzoni L, Tengattini M, Carenzo L, Della CF. Nationwide program of education for undergraduates in the field of disaster medicine: development of a core curriculum centered on blended learning and simulation tools. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(5): Ragazzoni L, Ingrassia PL, Gugliotta G, Tengattini M, Franc JM, Della CF. Italian medical students and disaster medicine: awareness and formative needs. Am J Disaster Med. 2013;8(2): Mortelmans LJM, Dieltiens G, Anseeuw K, Sabbe MB. Belgian senior medical students and disaster medicine, a real disaster? Eur J Emerg Med. 2014;21(1):77 8. Submit your manuscript to a journal and benefit from: 7 Convenient online submission 7 Rigorous peer review 7 Immediate publication on acceptance 7 Open access: articles freely available online 7 High visibility within the field 7 Retaining the copyright to your article Submit your next manuscript at 7 springeropen.com | <urn:uuid:a6b98b15-4391-4adb-b646-e88b15b237fa> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://docplayer.net/1807353-Dutch-senior-medical-students-and-disaster-medicine-a-national-survey.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719908.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00157-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908432 | 4,673 | 2.515625 | 3 |
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You can build a foundation to write your autobiography – clarifying your past and the present – and facilitating a shift for insight into future paths. Writing then moves beyond the therapeutic – it transforms and empowers.Enrol
Full days. Monday to Friday, 9:00 am to 4:00 pm
Each day we explore a pair of archetypes that reflect a time period of our lives. Participants then compose a story about a life event to uncover its inner meaning.
Seeing aspects of your life story in a new light helps clarify your past, as well as the present, and facilitate a shift that can bring insight into your path for the future.
No prior experience required
The written exercises can be done electronically or by hand. Bring either a laptop or notebook and pen, depending on your preference.
It is much quicker to type and edit if a laptop is an option for you.
In line with brain plasticity research, it has been proven that writing about life experiences rearranges memories to produce new perspectives in our relationship to what we see on the page.
Writing becomes more than therapeutic. It becomes transformative and empowering. Reaching into the events of your life allows you to locate deeper layers of wisdom and find the healing that can lie within them.
After each morning/afternoons writing session, participants gather in small groups to experience the release and tenderness of sharing their stories with others.
Navigating the cycle from birth to death provides you with a foundation to write your autobiography as well as help reframe events to mine them for learning opportunities and recognise how much you have grown.
As the writer Juliet Bruce said:
“Once you understand…that life is an unfolding story and that you are the storyteller who can shape and play with it on the page, then use that page as you would a roadmap, you gain tremendous power in your life.”
Marcus Dabb’s background as a writer and workplace trainer underpins his personal development workshop work. Whilst running short writing courses, he found that many people who had fallen into ruts made significant shifts in their lives after writing about their life events and accomplishments.
His workshops based around the hero’s journey encourage people to see their lives as a grand adventure to be lived rather than a humdrum existence to be endured. | <urn:uuid:6760071e-0dcb-42df-89df-c03059256d1f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://campcreative.com.au/courses/writing-your-life-story/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.952757 | 650 | 2.265625 | 2 |
A 42-year-old man comes to clinic with chief complaint of pain, redness, and swelling of his right calf. He states that he had been working in his yard using a string trimmer when the trimmer slipped and cut his leg. He cleaned the wound with water from the garden hose and covered the wound with a large Band-Aid. Several days later, he developed fever to 100.6˚ F and chills and noticed that his leg was swollen and red. He comes to the emergency department for definitive care.
In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following
· The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.
· Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
· How these processes interact to affect the patient. | <urn:uuid:8a4ffce2-e347-4685-b3c6-f6e1d13ff389> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://essaywritingshub.com/2022/06/16/case-study-analysis-was-academic-search-inc/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.965405 | 171 | 2.828125 | 3 |
South African Journal of Science
versión On-line ISSN 1996-7489
versión impresa ISSN 0038-2353
VON STADEN, Lize; RAIMONDO, Domitilla y DAYARAM, Anisha. Taxonomic research priorities for the conservation of the South African flora. S. Afr. j. sci. [online]. 2013, vol.109, n.3-4, pp.1-10. ISSN 1996-7489.
Taxonomic revisions, monographs and floras are the most important, and often the only source of data for assessing the extinction risk of plants, with recent revisions contributing to more accurate assessments. The recently completed Red List of South African plants involved an overview of the taxonomic literature pertaining to the South African flora, providing an opportunity to identify critical gaps in taxonomic coverage. In this study we identified taxonomic research priorities for effective conservation of South African plants. Priorities were identified at genus level, according to time since last revision, level of endemism, collecting effort, proportion of taxa included in revisions, and specimen identification confidence. Although the results indicate that 62% of the flora has been recently revised, revisionary taxonomic output has declined drastically, particularly in the past 10 years. This decline is a result of a decrease in revisionary productivity per taxonomist and not a result of a decline in the number of working taxonomists. The family Aizoaceae is the top priority for taxonomic research with 55% of taxa in need of revision, followed by Hyacinthaceae with 34% of taxa not yet revised. Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rutaceae, Malvaceae, Asteraceae and Acanthaceae are also priorities with over 30% of taxa last revised before 1970. We recommend the reinstatement of the Flora of Southern Africa project in an online format in order to centralise South Africa's existing taxonomic information and reinvigorate revisionary taxonomic study. This project will allow South Africa to fulfil its commitments to the Convention on Biodiversity by achieving Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation.
Palabras clave : threatened species; IUCN Red List; taxonomic revisions; taxonomic productivity; Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. | <urn:uuid:041eea0a-67de-4df6-9872-913f820e6d4b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0038-23532013000200007&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00196-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.856811 | 474 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Here’s a fact for you. As you fall asleep, your body starts to cool down so that it can go through all the stages of sleep. Therefore, most specialists say that the perfect temperature to sleep at would be between 60 and 65 degrees Fahrenheit. However, unfortunately, not everyone can adjust their body temperature naturally to rest well. So they need a little external help. That’s where the chiliPAD comes in, a pad that will cool you off into bliss. But does it work? Here’s your ultimate chiliPAD review. Scroll and find out!
You’re too hot (or cold) and bothered to wait, we know, so let us break it down for you!
Main Reasons for Buying chiliPAD are…
Chili Technology chiliPAD Cube Quick Overview
Why Is It Better?
- It can both cool and heat you
- Improves your sleep quality
- Helps to save electricity
- Assists in reducing sleeplessness from hot flashes, menopause, body pain & night sweats
- Remote controllable
- Increases REM sleep
- New & improved chiliPAD Cube 3.0
COMPARE PRICE ON AMAZON
The chiliPAD Cube – Let’s Review the Basics
First things first. Let’s cover a little of the basics about the chiliPAD cube and pad such as what it actually is, and what you’ll be getting if you decide to buy it.
The chiliPAD or better known as the chiliPAD Cube can be described as a climate control system that is highly personalized. It consists of an operating unit which comes in the shape of a cube, hence the name, and a very thin pad.
This pad needs to go on your bed and under your fitted sheet. It has a series of medical grade tubes made of silicone that will help cool it or heat it, depending on your preference or needs. Place the cube as closely as possible, preferably on your nightstand or directly on the floor next to the bed if you don’t have one.
The chiliPAD Cube works by circulating water. Therefore, you will have to pour the liquid into the cube. It will get sucked into the silicone tubes and directed through them. As it moves, the water will be either heated or cooled to serve temperatures between 55 and 110 degrees Fahrenheit. Which brings us to this.
How Does the chiliPAD Work?
The chiliPAD is super easy to understand. Just think about it as a hot water bottle. Except a super fancy one from the future that can also cool you down if you want to! And it works in the exact same way.
You have to pour water into the cube which will then flow into the silicone tubes that run all the way through the pad. Using your remote control, you can set the temperature as high or as low as you want it to be. The amazing thing about it is just how precise the temperature can be set. You can modify it by a difference of a degree.
As you lay on your bed, the water will start to heat or cool down your mattress, allowing you to sleep or relax better. And that’s not all! The chiliPAD will maintain a constant temperature all through the night so you don’t have to worry about anything. Not even night sweats!
Are There Different Models of chiliPADs?
There have been other versions of the chiliPAD but they are no longer available on the market. The reason is that the brand has constantly worked to update the system and has currently produced the best one.
When you buy the chiliPAD Sleep System, you will receive the mattress pad which is hydro-powered, the cube for regulating the temperature, and the remote control.
Why Is chiliPAD Different?
This is a fair question. The market is filled with cooling systems that promise you a perfect night’s sleep. Therefore, we asked ourselves the same question when we reviewed the chiliPAD. Why is it different? Here are the answers.
It can both cool and heat
Unlike most systems out there which will only provide one of these functions, the chiliPAD can do both. How does this help you? It means that you won’t have to pay for two separate devices in case you need a little help to stay cool in the summer and something to warm your mattress in wintertime. The chiliPAD works perfectly well all year round!
It’s less noisy
The chiliPAD’s cube has a fan, of course, which you can see with the naked eye. However, compared to other cooling systems or tools we have come across, it’s far less noisy. In fact, the level of noise the chiliPAD makes is equal to the sound of a laptop or maybe a very weak fan. Some users even say they like it and compare it to a pleasant white noise machine.
It can maintain the temperature
This means that the cooling or heating effect doesn’t wear off immediately as you turn it off. With other systems, once you press the off button, the cooling benefits stop.
However, given the fact that the chiliPAD works under your sheets, the temperature effect will take a long while to dissipate. Most users report that they like to keep it on while they watch a movie or read and turn it off because the chiliPAD conserves heat or cool air throughout the night.
The Pros and Cons of the chiliPAD Sleep System Reviewed
Reviewing the Chillipad cube allowed us to make a list of pros and cons that come with using this little gadget. Here it is for your benefit!
ChiliPAD maintains the sleep temperature
As we mentioned earlier, the chiliPAD will continue to conserve the temperature you set for your bed even after you turned it off. This means you can save money on your bills by not having to run the system all night long.
It has both a cooling and a heating system
Unlike other gadgets in this niche which can only perform one of these tasks, the chiliPAD can do both. Given the fact that it is water-based, this means that you can both heat and cool the liquid inside. It’s as simple as that! Therefore, you can use it all year long!
Helps to save on electricity
Even though the chiliPAD Sleep System should not be viewed as an alternative to air conditioning because that’s not what it is, it can help you save money. Simply because it’s a cheaper alternative to central air conditioning. If you use the chiliPAD and get comfortable at a certain temperature in bed, you won’t have to heat or cool the entire house and spend so much money anymore.
You are in total control of the temperature
With the chiliPAD, the temperature varies between 55 and 110 degrees, which is a massive range when compared to other tools in this niche. Apart from that, you have absolute control over it, being able to set it down to a one degree difference if you want to!
It comes with a remote control
Although you can adjust the chiliPAD manually if you want to, seeing as the cube has a series of small buttons, most users appreciate the fact that the system is also equipped with a wireless remote control. This means you don’t have to move at all when you are in bed or shift if you are already in a very comfortable position. Just use the remote control!
The pad is machine washable
Even though you might not think it because it has silicone tubes inside it, the pad is, in fact, machine washable. This, in turn, makes it very easy to maintain. So you don’t have to worry if you spill something on it or you stain it.
Tim Ferris loves chiliPAD
It’s not just that he loves it, Tim Ferris wrote about the chiliPAD in his book, Tools of Titans. Here’s what he has had to say about it.
“Several of my close friends in Silicon Valley sheepishly admitted that, of all the advice I’ve ever given in my books and podcasts, the chiliPAD had the biggest impact on their quality of life.”
It’s a bit expensive
Seeing as it is such a sophisticated system, the chiliPAD is more expensive than other tools in this niche. However, if you consider that this is an investment for a long time and that it might actually help you save money on your bills, it might be worth it!
Some people don’t like the noise it makes
Even though it’s closer to a hum than an actual noise, some users have reported they like to sleep in complete silence. If you know you’re one of those people, then the chiliPAD might not be for you.
You are advised always to place a protector under the pad
The reason is that one of the silicone tubes could break or get punctured. If that happens, the water will leak, of course, and wet or possibly damage your mattress. Therefore, you are advised to place a waterproof protector between your mattress and the pad.
Can I Wash My chiliPAD?
That depends on what you mean! If you’re talking about the cube, you don’t have to, obviously. Just wipe it or dust it. But if you’re referring to the pad that goes on the mattress, we have some good news. Yes, it is completely machine washable!
Therefore, you can clean it easily enough whenever you feel like it. Just follow the instructions that come with it and you should be good to go!
How Do I Drain My chiliPAD?
Nothing easier! The system is equipped with a tool for draining. If you look in the box, you will recognize it easily enough because it looks like the letter H. Plus, you can see a photo of it in your user’s manual.
Use the cross end if you plan on draining the cube. The hollow end of the tool is meant for draining the pad.
Draining it is simpler than you think.
Will the chiliPAD Help Me Save on Electricity?
Here’s the whole equation. There is no doubt that warming or cooling just your bed as opposed to a whole room or an entire house for that matter will always be cheaper. And that is exactly what the chiliPAD will do for you.
How Much Does the chiliPAD Cost?
The chiliPAD is on the more expensive end when it comes to tools or systems that can help you get better sleep. Even so, we could argue that no one can put a price on a good night’s sleep, isn’t that right?
How to Use the chiliPAD
Here are all the steps you need to take if you are using the chiliPAD for the first time.
- Take out the pad and secure it on your mattress.
- Find a very flat surface where you would like to place the cube. Make sure it has a minimum of two feet of air in all directions so it can circulate its airflow.
- Always place your cube facing up so that no water can leak from the tank.
- With the hose attachment, connect your cube to the pad. Please be aware that the brand no longer sells extension hoses, so you will have to place the cube very close to your mattress.
- Plug in your cube.
- Locate the cap of the water tank and unscrew it.
- Fill the cube with distilled water to the brim.
- You must add hydrogen peroxide (one cap) inside the water tank as well.
- Screw the cap back on.
- Turn on the cube.
- Using your remote control, set the temperature to how many degrees you want.
- Let the chiliPAD reach that temperature. It should take an approximate of 15 minutes.
Where Can I Buy the chiliPAD?
The chiliPAD is available on their official website and on Amazon.
You can also check Amazon if you want to read more reviews.
Does the chiliPAD Come with Any Warranty?
Yes, if you buy a chiliPAD, you will get a 2-year warranty. The first year will cover you for any damages that might happen to the Chilipad. The company will either replace or repair your system without asking you for charges or pay for shipping.
However, during the second year, you will have to pay a $30 fee if your chiliPAD turns out to be defective and you need to repair or replace it.
You can also opt for a sleep trial, which lasts for 90 days. You can return your chiliPAD at the end of the 90 days or at any point during that period if you want.
Plus, the company also offers their customers free exchanges for their products as well as upgrades. All you have to do is request it via an online form.
Please note that these rules apply only to those customers who have bought the chiliPAD directly from the company and not from any third party.
All standard shipping within the United States is free if you buy a chiliPAD directly from the manufacturer. The product is expected to arrive in a maximum of five or seven days, as long as you are living in contiguous USA. If you live in Hawaii or Alaska, the shipping period will extend to ten business days.
The company also ships internationally, but it is not free. You will have to pay extra. Apart from that, there is a list of restricted areas where no packages can be sent. However, international shipping may take up to twelve days.
What’s the Conclusion after the Review?
So, should you buy chiliPAD or not?
Even though the chiliPAD is a little on the expensive side, there is no doubt that it’s a creative solution for insomniacs and individuals who suffer from night sweats. It seems like an idea straight from sci-fi movies – a thin pad made of silicone tubes that run cold water, made to keep you cool all night.
Sounds cool, doesn’t it? Pun intended! And when you realize it can help you save on electricity as well, nothing should stop you from buying it!
What do you think about this review? Let us know in the comments! | <urn:uuid:7e488872-69e2-4206-a74e-ad74dda5ab4d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sleepinglucid.com/chilipad-review/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.946855 | 3,017 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Germany's Trade Surplus Grew 'Less Than Expected' in February
Germany's trade surplus was below expectations in February compared to the previous month, the country's statistics unit revealed.
Data quoted by WBP Online has shown that exports were down 1.3% in that month, while in February they were up 2.2%.
Imports registered a slender 0.4% increase, dwarfed by January's 4.1%. Market expectations were 0.5% down for exports and 0.1% up for imports.
Germany's trade surplus has now reached EUR 16.3 B, whereas experts predicted it to be EUR 17.5 B.
Germany, which has a predominantly export-oriented economy, has often drawn criticism by the EU and the IMF over its slack imports and little efforts to boost domestic consumer demand, a move which could also help troubled member states of the bloc.
In 2013, the country's overall foreign trade balance for the entire 2013 recorded a surplus of EUR 198.9 B, a historic record high. The figure for 2012 was EUR 189.8 B.
At the same time France, the second-largest Eurozone economy after Germany, recorded a trade deficit of EUR 5.2 B at the end of last year.
- » Airbus to Open Parts Plant in Bulgaria's Plovdiv
- » Bulgaria's Passenger Car Sales Down in November
- » Bulgaria Faces Drastic IT Skills Shortage
- » Bulgaria Still Waiting for Auto Manufacturing Plant
- » Portuguese Company to Buy Large Bulgaria-Based Glass Wrapping Producer
- » Sensata to Open 500 More Jobs in Three Bulgarian Cities Next Year | <urn:uuid:c6ec6306-1d19-4045-8501-77aa736db4b9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.novinite.com/articles/159657/Germany's%20Trade%20Surplus%20Grew%20'Less%20Than%20Expected'%20in%20February | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00281-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955279 | 335 | 1.523438 | 2 |
A team of Chinese scientists from Sichuan University in Chengdu have become the first to inject a person with cells modified with the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9. The trial involved modifying a patient's own immune system cells to make them more effective at combating cancer cells and then injecting them back into the patient. The Chinese trial was approved back in July, and United States medical scientists also plan to use CRISPR as an experimental treatment for cancer patients in early 2017.
The Chinese trial could signal the beginning of an international race to implement CRISPR gene-editing techniques in clinics across the world. "I think this is going to trigger 'Sputnik 2.0,' a biomedical duel on progress between China and the United States, which is important since competition usually improves the end product," Carl June, scientific advisor for the planned U.S. trial, told Nature.
The CRISPR-Cas9 "tool" is a DNA construct that can be injected into any organism—in this case, human immune system T cells—to modify the genome of that organism. It works in three steps: an RNA sequence guides the CRISPR construct to the correct part of the organism's DNA, the Cas9 enzyme "cuts out" that segment of DNA, and then, as an optional third step, a new DNA sequence can be inserted to replace the deleted segment of the genome.
In the case of the Chinese trial, conducted October 28 at the West China Hospital in Chengdu, only the first two steps of the CRISPR-Cas9 process were carried out. Immune system cells were extracted from a patient with metastatic lung cancer, and then the gene code that produces a protein called PD-1 was deleted by the Cas9 enzyme. PD-1 instructs T cells to stop or slow an immune system response, and cancer cells can take advantage of this protein to trick the body into responding to the ailment with less than full force.
Once the PD-1 protein was removed with CRISPR, the edited cells were cultivated to increase their numbers and then injected back into the patient. This is the first of two injections for the patient, and an additional nine patients in the trial will receive between two and four injections of edited cells, depending on their individual conditions.
Both the Chinese trial and the upcoming U.S. trial—which will edit immune system cells from 18 patients to add a protein that helps target cancer cells in addition to removing the PD-1 protein—are primarily designed to test the safety of CRISPR treatments rather than cure the patients of cancer. If no complications arise, the technique could be scaled up and possibly become a true replacement for current treatments that use antibodies to neutralize PD-1.
It is worth noting that a last-ditch treatment of an infant girl in the U.K. using TALEN, a similar gene-editing tool, successfully neutralized the girl's cancer and saved her life. Who knows how far we will take this newfound ability modify human genomes—it has already been used to do some strange things in the livestock industry—but for now, CRISPR is emerging as a precise and cost-effective way to battle some of the most deadly forms of cancer. | <urn:uuid:09b01406-e62d-4871-ab19-57f916acaf74> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/a23898/crispr-gene-editing-tool-used-on-a-human/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00314-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958315 | 666 | 3.28125 | 3 |
- 1 What rank is top in the Marines?
- 2 How many ranks are in the Marine Corps?
- 3 How does ranking up in the Marines work?
- 4 How do Marines earn the blood stripe?
- 5 Who is the only 6 star general?
- 6 Do Marines get paid for life?
- 7 How much does an E 3 make in the Marines?
- 8 What does 3 stripes in the Marines mean?
- 9 What is a Marine e4?
- 10 How high is a corporal in the Marines?
- 11 How much does a Marine Sergeant make?
What rank is top in the Marines?
COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CORPS – the highest-ranking Marine Officer, also a four-star general, serves on the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
How many ranks are in the Marine Corps?
Enlisted Marine Corps ranks are broken down into three levels — junior enlisted, non-commissioned officers and staff non-commissioned officers. As a Marine moves up the ladder, his or her responsibility and contribution to the mission increases.
How does ranking up in the Marines work?
When you enter the Marines, you begin as a Private, also known as the E-1 level. Each time you are promoted, you move up a rank, from E-1 to E-2, E-2 to E-3, etc., all the way up to E-9, or a Sergeant Major. For the first few levels, promotions happen almost automatically.
How do Marines earn the blood stripe?
Marine Corps tradition maintains that the red stripe worn on the trousers of officers and noncommissioned officers, and commonly known as the “blood stripe,” commemorates those Marines killed storming the castle of Chapultepec in 1847.
Who is the only 6 star general?
He is the only person to receive the rank while living. The only other person to hold this rank is Lieutenant General George Washington who received it nearly 200 years after his service in 1976. General of the Armies rank is equivalent to a six-star General status, though no insignia has ever been created.
Do Marines get paid for life?
The way it works in the Marines is like this: You serve on active duty for 20 years, and if you decide to retire on the day after 20 years, you will receive a monthly check for the rest of your life. Obviously the pay is contingent on a wide variety of factors, including: Exactly how long you served.
How much does an E 3 make in the Marines?
Lance Corporal (E-3) basic Marine active-duty salary As of 2020, the basic Marine active-duty pay for Lance Corporal (E-3) Marines is: Less than two years of service: $2,042.70 per month or $24,512.40 per year. Two years of service: $2,171.10 per month or $26,053.20 per year.
What does 3 stripes in the Marines mean?
Corporal (CPL) 2 Stripes | Crossed Rifles. E-5. Sergeant (SGT) 3 Stripes | Crossed Rifles.
What is a Marine e4?
In the Marines, an E-4 ( Corporal ) has to earn his stripes and added responsibility, however, the promotions to the ranks of E-2 and E-3 are pretty automatic, barring any serious offense. Promotions to E-4 and above are competitive and are based on specific vacancies within the Marine Corps’ jobs.
How high is a corporal in the Marines?
Corporal is the 4th rank in the United States Marine Corps, ranking above Lance Corporal and directly below Sergeant. A corporal is a Noncommissioned Officer at DoD paygrade E-4, with a starting monthly pay of $2,263.
How much does a Marine Sergeant make?
Starting pay for a Sergeant is $2,541.60 per month, with raises for experience resulting in a maximum base pay of $3,606.90 per month. You can use the simple calculator below to see basic and drill pay for a Sergeant, or visit our Marine Corps pay calculator for a more detailed salary estimate. | <urn:uuid:f88a8128-95d4-4281-9c44-68c5daa22971> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ymso.org/marines/quick-answer-what-is-a-top-in-the-marine-corps.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.940777 | 894 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Review of The Guide to Jewish Interfaith Family Life: An InterfaithFamily.com Handbook, edited by Ronnie Friedland and Edmund Case, Woodstock, Vt.: Jewish Lights Publishing, 2001, 336 pp., $18.95.
This article originally appeared in Moment magazine and is reprinted with permission of the author. Visit www.momentmag.com.
The Guide to Jewish Interfaith Family Life is a testament to what interfaith couples determined to create Jewish homes can accomplish with the support of enlightened family and friends. Many of the essays in this collection, which were authored by interfaith couples, other family members, and a wide range of Jewish communal professionals, originally appeared on the InterfaithFamily.com website. The volume is a fascinating look at the complexities--and rewards--of interfaith family life.
While this book will likely reassure interfaith families that they are not alone and the obstacles they face are not insurmountable, these stories also indicate that there is no end to the challenges interfaith families face. Difficulties may arise as soon as couples begin to plan their wedding and continue right through to the raising and educating of children. Although the "December dilemma" is no longer as big a problem for interfaith families as it used to be, holiday celebrations can still be difficult. Even the death of loved ones can require discussion about mutually agreeable mourning and burial practices. Moreover, sometimes interfaith issues are never fully resolved, as each partner's interest in his or her received tradition may wax and wane, and children's attitudes toward their interfaith heritage may change.
So what's an interfaith couple to do? For many of the contributors to this book, negotiating issues of religious belief and practice has heightened their spiritual awareness and strengthened their marital relationships. A young adult who was raised in an interfaith family notes that this experience made it impossible for her to take her heritage or beliefs for granted and gave her a unique opportunity to confirm her religious beliefs. An interfaith couple married for thirteen years is grateful for the "special blessings" their interfaith relationship has brought them. Perhaps Rabbi Reena Judd, another of the book's contributors, says it best: "being part of an interfaith family has enriched my life--teaching me through personal encounters that God is alive and flourishing within each and every person! This truth motivates my very action and helps form my every thought."
This book will benefit more than just interfaith couples and their families. The rabbis, social workers, and educators who work with the interfaith will also benefit from the book's most obvious lesson: the typical interfaith family does not exist. While almost all of the interfaith families who share their experiences in the book are raising their children as Jews and emphasizing Jewish practice in the home, diversity still abounds. We meet a female rabbi engaged to a non-Jew, a gay rabbi with a non-Jewish partner, an Orthodox woman with a Catholic boyfriend, and single, Jewish mothers of adopted, non-Jewish children. In some of these families, the non-Jewish partner converts; in others they don't convert but actively help raise the children as Jews. Some practice their own religion in private, others ask their Jewish children and spouses to "help" them celebrate non-Jewish holidays, "as you might ask a friend or family member to help celebrate a birthday," says one such partner. (All readers can check out the resource list at the end of the book, which includes recommended websites and books and a glossary of frequently used Hebrew words.)
There are people out there who may never pick up this book, believing that their own lives will never be touched by intermarriage. This is unfortunate. With intermarriage increasing in America and the community at large changing with it, The Guide to Jewish Interfaith Family Life is a great starting point for learning about interfaith issues. | <urn:uuid:883307e3-bd63-4ad1-a3f9-a234f78d7bce> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.interfaithfamily.com/news_and_opinion/synagogues_and_the_jewish_community/Negotiating_Faith.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00300-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960368 | 786 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Can’t say I’m surprised: a new study shows that people are still quite bad at estimating calories, often significantly underestimating how many calories are contained in the meals they’ve chosen. Even if this phenomenon is limited to meals out, Americans purchase so many meals away from home that the calories could really add up over time.
Researchers asked lunch and dinner customers at chain restaurants like McDonald’s and Burger King to estimate their meals’ total calories, and then tabulated actual calorie counts using the customers’ bills. The results?
‘At least two-thirds of all participants underestimated the calorie content of their meals, with about a quarter underestimating the calorie content by at least 500 calories,’ the study authors write.
Adults tended to underestimate their meals by about 175 calories, the same as children. Adolescents were more likely to underestimate by about 250 calories. Adults with a higher BMI were less likely to underestimate than their normal weight counterparts.
It’s kinda interesting that higher BMI adults did a better job of estimating calories, when you might expect the opposite: that a failure to estimate calories accurately would actual explain the higher BMI. Maybe the direction of causation is the other way around: people who first develop higher BMIs then learn to estimate calories better than the average person, from reading food labels and deliberately trying to lose weight.
Subway sandwich restaurant diners were the most incorrect about the calories in their meals, consistently underestimating calories by 350 calories (adults) to 500 calories (adolescents). This is also not so surprising, given that Subway’s marketing often stresses how fresh and healthy the food is, while the stores still dish up customer favorites full of multiple meats, cheeses, and creamy sauces.
The study had some limitations. In particular, many diners who the researchers approached refused to participate in the study, and they might have been better (or worse) calorie estimators than those diners who did choose to participate, for whatever reason. But the researchers had their own limitations. The conclusion they drew from the study was that more restaurants should display calorie counts clearly on their menus (only 20% of participating diners reported noticing any calorie counts). But it’s not clear that calorie counts on menus have as dramatic an effect on people’s choices as policy makers had hoped. The problem of estimating calories is unfortunately must easier to describe than to fix. | <urn:uuid:f699516c-d4c9-4af2-b90f-21212eb24f2a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.blisstree.com/2013/05/23/food/nutrition/how-bad-are-people-at-estimating-calories/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00207-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961764 | 500 | 2.640625 | 3 |
This post is a side-by-side comparison of the advantages/disadvantages of Strattera vs Adderall vs Ritalin. A comparison of Adderall and Vyvanse, the bestselling prescription ADHD medication at the moment, can be found here.
Summary of Differences
Adderall is a psychostimulant which promotes catecholamine (dopamine, norepinephrine) release, increasing the synaptic concentrations of these neurotransmitters. Ritalin inhibits the reuptake of dopamine, and has little effect on norepinephrine. Strattera is a highly selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, that was initially developed as a treatment for depression, but demonstrated little antidepressant effects and was therefore repurposed for ADHD.
The abuse potential and likelihood of developing dependence for these medications can be ranked as follows: Adderall > Ritalin >> Strattera, where Adderall has the greatest abuse potential. Reflecting this difference, both Adderall and Ritalin are controlled substances (schedule II), whereas Strattera is uncontrolled.
Unlike Adderall and Methylphenidate, the therapeutic effects of Strattera take time to build up to be fully appreciated.
Adderall has a greater incidence of unsavory cardiovascular side effects compared to Ritalin and Strattera, such as increased blood pressure, increased heart rate and heart palpitations. Adderall is also associated with peripheral vasocontriction, which causes the extremities (hands and feet) to feel cold.
Strattera is much less likely to cause insomnia compared with Adderall and Ritalin.
Strattera vs Adderall vs Ritalin
[table delimiter=”|” width=”120″ colwidth=”30|30|30|30″]
Medication | Strattera (atomoxetine) | Adderall (amphetamine salts) | Ritalin (methylphenidate)
Capsule Appearance | | |
Classification | Non-stimulant; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) | psychostimulant; catecholamine releasing agent | psychostimulant; dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI)
Indications (used to treat) | ADHD | ADHD, narcolepsy, obesity (off-label), depression (off-label) | ADHD, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, narcolepsy, depression (off-label)
Common side effects | Upset stomach, decreased appetite, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, mood swings | Chronic insomnia, irritability, false sense of well-being, loss of appetite, nervousness, vomiting, upper abdominal pain | Chronic insomnia, dry mouth, head pain, loss of appetite, nervousness, over excitement, upper abdominal pain
Serious side effects | Inability to empty bladder, erectile dysfunction, painful periods, depression, easily angered, rapid heartbeat | Allergic reaction, anxiety, restlessness, fever, hives, rash, difficulty breathing, urinary tract infections | Rapid heartbeat, high blood pressure, angina, chest pain, chronic muscle twitches, decreased blood platelets, fever, hives
Contraindications | Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI), hypersensitivity, narrow angle glaucoma, pheochromocytoma, severe cardiovascular disorders | Advanced arteriosclerosis, symptomatic cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, known hypersensitivity, agitation, history of drug abuse, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) | Marked anxiety, tension, agitation, hypersensitivity, glaucoma, motor tic syndrome, Tourette’s syndrome, monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Half-life | 5.2 hours; 21.6 hours (in poor metabolizers) | 10 hours (adults); 11 hours (adolescents) | 3.5 hours (adults); 2.5 hours (children)
Standard dose | 20 mg -100 mg | 5 mg – 30 mg | 10 mg – 40 mg
Formulations | Strattera (Atomoxetine HCl) | Adderall, mixed amphetamine salts (generic), Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) | Concerta (12 hours), Ritalin SR (5-8 hours), Ritalin LA (8 hours), Metadate-CD (8-10 hours), Quillivant XR (12 hours), Daytrana (11 hours) | <urn:uuid:d4143e8b-7a2c-46c6-9548-366b85c7308a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.brainprotips.com/strattera-vs-adderall/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00448-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.81845 | 952 | 2.1875 | 2 |
For July 2016: A major conference on Chinese outside China will take place in Vancouver, organized by ISSCO, the INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF CHINESE OVERSEAS, and hosted by the University of British Columbia, This is only the second time that an ISSCO conference has been held in North America. The event will be held in Richmond, a suburb with a large Chinese-speaking population and many excellent Chinese restaurants, at the Sheraton Vancouver Airport Hotel from July 6-8, 2016. Numerous historians and social scientists from Asia and Europe as well as the Americas will attend. For more information go to the UBC's ISSCO website. 10/19/2015 A 1864 date for "Chinese Masons"! Two years before Gustave Schlegel popularized the idea that Chinese secret societies and the Euro-American Freemasons might be connected, and long before the term began to be used by the Chee Kung Tong and Bing Kung Tong. And in, for goodness' sake, Weaverville, way off in the Trinity Alps of Northern California. Amazing! 9/4/2015 "The Gods of Chinese North America," an illustrated list of the principal deities, almost all of them Daoist, as worshiped by early Chinese in the United States and Canada. Of the many hundred gods and goddesses featured in the traditional folk and formal religions of China, only a handful made it across the Pacific to the New World. They are listed here as a convenience to temple fanciers and scholars, some of whom may not be too familiar with Chinese folk beliefs, and as an advertisement for the editors' next books, on (1) the three best-preserved early Chinese temples in North America (in Marysville, Oroville, and Weaverville, not San Francisco) and on (2) historic Chinese temples in the western United States. 4/11/2015 Updated list of historic opium brand names, as stamped on the lids of opium cans in historical and archaeological collections, in North America and Australia. Such cans contained ready-to-smoke opium refined in Hong Kong, Macao, Victoria BC, or Vancouver. 1/17/2015. Products of the potters' guilds of Shiwan or Shek-wan in Foshan, south of Guangzhou. Pots and jars made in this large ceramic center were exported to North American Chinatowns in large quantities. The present summary of wares in the Shiwan Ceramic Museum is presented here as a service to archaeologists, museums, collectors, and others seeking informaton on utilitatian brown- and green-glazed wares found at Chinese American and Chinese Canadian sites.
The purpose of this site and of CINARC is to encourage
collaboration in exploring the history of Chinese in the Pacific Northwest - in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, British Columbia, Alaska, etc. - between the first known arrival of Chinese in 1788 and the great changes in the regional Chinese population that followed the liberalizing of U.S. immigration laws in 1965.
Chinese in Northwest America Research Committee
HISTORICAL CHINESE-AMERICAN TOPICS
Comments on a recent news article about the remedies preserved in the Kam Wah Chung Museum
plus new information from the account books of a merchant and labor contractor, Chin Gee Hee
Includes cures for shingles, toothache, swollen feet, and belly button wind
Chop Suey 杂碎
This famous food forms an important, though not always admired, part of American culinary history.
New research shows that it was invented in New York and that it came late to the Northwest.
Historians often have trouble identifying American place names in early Chinese-language writings.
This section is offered as an aid to researchers, here and in China. [Updated 12/16/09]
This will eventually include most of the U.S. and Canadian organizations that specialize in Chinese-
North American history.
A good many Chinese sailors and skilled craftsmen worked for British traders on the west coast
of Vancouver in the late 18th century. The traders were collecting sea otter furs for sale in China.
(Chinese sailors visited the East Coast even earlier, in 1785)
Smuggling Chinese Immigrants 非法入境
For many decades, the border between British Columbia and Washington State saw intense smuggling
activity as well as spasmodic efforts to enforce immigration laws. Here we present outstanding episodes
in the long, sometimes comic and sometimes tragic war between coast guards and border patrolmen
on the one hand and smugglers on the other. While modern immigrant smugglers often belong to the
ethnic group being smuggled, in the historic Northwest they were mostly European-Americans - sailors,
fishermen, farmers, police, immigration officials, and just about any other sort of white citizen who had
access to a boat or lived near a cross-border trail..
Fishing and Fish Processing 渔业 For the latest features, click on What's New. For info on (1) the CINARC logo and (2) strange rows of boxes in the text, click here]
Why Chinese in the Early Pacific Northwest Died 亡命天涯
Historians agree that there were many deaths among Chinese sojourners in the Northwest during the 19th and early 20th centuries. However, we have little aggregated information about how many died, and why. The provincial archives preserved in Victoria, B.C., provide more complete data on early Chinese mortality than do records in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, or Alaska.
If so, you're not carrying out the principles of unionism" This quote from a 1906 union newspaper
shows that the hostility of organized labor toward Chinese in Seattle even included laundries. [03/11/09]
Secret Societies or Chinese Freemasons
The goal of many secret societies in China was revolution against the Manchu dynasty thast ruled the country. In southern China, the most important such society was the Hongmen or Tiandihui. In the Americas, renamed the Chee Kung Tong, the society and its offshoots played central roles in Chinatowns during the19th century The visit by an Imperial Commission led by an actual prince, Tsai Tseh (or Tai Ze), improved relations between European-American and Chinese-American leaders. The commissioners were the highest- ranking Chinese to visit Seattle until after World War II. [Updated 07/22/09] The Prince arrived on the Great Northern Railroad's steamship Dakota, then one of the two largest ships on the Pacific. As with its sister ship, the SS Minnesota, many sailors on the SS Dakota were Chinese. [03/01/09] temple in Marysville! [01/25/10] 1871- now The North God: Bi Di, Bok Dai, Bok Kai, Beuk Aie 加拿 大卑斯省域多利谭公庙 A fire damaged much of the temple in the 1990s, but some of its most
important antique furnishings survived which bear dates (In imperial reign years) that prove the temple
already existed in the 19th century. [11/30/2008] 加拿大域多利埠中华会馆大堂 One of the finest shrines in Nortjh America features splendid
calligraphy by notable persons back in China [12/14/2009]
三藩市岡州会馆 - 权贵显赫门楣 Inscriptions by the great Wu Ting Fan and others at an important
center of Daoist worship [01/26/10]
It turns out that a once-notorious detention center for Asian immigrants in Seattle still survives -- as a mini-storage facility about a mile north of the city's central waterfront. The editors visited it in the company of historian John R. Litz, who rediscovered it recently through archival detective work. [01/15/09] In the late nineteenth century, Canada ran one of the nastiest prisons on the continent for Chinese awaiting deportation and for clarification of immigration status. Neither the U.S. nor Canada kept convicted murderers under worse conditions. [Updated 06/20/09] Compared with the one in Victoria, Port Townsend's facility for housing would-be Chinese immigrants sounds relatively humane. Unfortunately, it would soon be closed due to the clout of Seattle and the Great Northern Railroad. [Updated 04/16/09] Ben Ure, famed smuggler and leading citizen of Whidby Island, is reputed to have routinely drowned his
illegal Chinese passengers to avoid detection by the Customs Service. Local folklore treats this as
amusing. We think it is not. [02/12/09]
The dragon's well-preserved remains, no longer in working condition, have been found at the Bok Kai Temple in Marysville, CA. It is the largest and most important surviving Asian artifact from the AYPE.[02/16/09]
The CINARC logo consists of the character for "gold (jin in Mandarin; gum in Cantonese), as written by a famous Tang Dynasty calligrapher, over an image of Mt. Rainier. just south of Seattle. "Gold Mountain" is what the Chinese still call San Francisco and formerly called the entire west coast of the U.S.
Rows of small squares like this -- -- in the text are actually Chinese characters in Microsoft's widely used Unicode format. To see them as readable characters, you might like to activate the Chinese fonts that come with Windows XP, Vista, and Mac OS 9 and higher.
As it turned out, China needed revolution, not reformation. Before that, however, the Baohuanghui, the Preserve-the-Emperor Association, offered new status to U.S. and Canadian Chinese [Updated 07/30/09]
落叶不归根 : 抓李抓嚹早期华人墓地
At least in Walla Walla, Washington, persons buried in the 1920s and 1930s often stayed there rather than being exhumed and shipped back to their home towns in southern China [07/02/09] The home (on Bainbridge Island) belonged to a wealthy Japanese-American, Masajiro Furuya. It served as a summer resort for many Seattle Japanese and as a private agricultural experiment station. Some of the trees he planted survive. They may be the oldest living Asian-American plants in the region [07/15/09] Historians often depict early woman immigrants to is region as powerless victims of a rigid patriarchy and an American society that was both racist and sexist. The historians are right about the patriarchy and the society but not, necessarily, about the women. Many were neither slave-girl prostitutes nor submissive housewives The drug played an important role in the lives and budgets of North American Chinese during the 19th century. For some modern Chinese-Americans it is a closed, forbidden subject. We think it is time that the subject be opened up. Producing and selling opium 煮烟 Smuggling opium, 1880-1920 走私 Using opium 吸烟 Banning opium and curing addicts 禁烟, 戒烟 See above: opium pipe bowls 烟斗excavated in North America, from the famous kilns of Yixing 宜兴(Jiangsu province), Qinzhou 钦州(Guangxi province), and Shiwan/ Shekwan 石湾 (Guangdong province), as used by Chinese immigrants in the U.S. and Canada, We believe these Shiwan examples to be among the first pipe-bowls from that kiln center ever published, in or outside China. Threats from, and actual violence by, local whites bent on ethnic cleansing were a fact of life for Chinese immigrants in the Pacific Northwest. So why did Chinese come, though neither desperate nor poor? Why did they stay with such stubborn bravery? One goal of this website is to seek answers to questions like those.
Copyright information. Nonprofit users are free to use text and original or out-of-copyright images from these web pages as long as they credit CINARC and ask subsequent users to do the same. Images that are credited to other individuals or institutions, however, should not be reproduced without first consulting the owners. For-profit users should get the permission of CINARC's editors before publication, in print or electronic form.
click on topic for details)
Opium Trade & Use Anti-ChineseViolence A-Y-P Exposition Detention Fishing Emperor
Smuggling Chinese PlaceNames First Chinese Why Chinese Died Secret Society Prince Tsai Comes
Shrines, Temples Laundries Chop Suey Herbal Medicine Women Cemeteries
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In fact, the term is not even Ameican. It was being used in Singapore by 1844. well before the Gold Rush and the immigration of Chinese miners to California [07/2/10]
This page was last updated: November 29, 2016
(UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED ALL DATA ON THIS PAGE COMES FROM THE EDITORS' OWN RESEARCH ON PRIMARY SOURCES & ARTIFACTS)
For a detailed index to Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition features, click here
[Photo: Bok Kai Temple, Marysville]
[also check out this ---]
New Book! By the web editors. Chuimei Ho and Bennet Bronson. In full color! Available from Amazon.com by Feb 25th or before! Click here for details. | <urn:uuid:96788ceb-6989-4b04-9224-016db6a86a8f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cinarc.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00287-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938242 | 2,947 | 2.078125 | 2 |
If you are like some of us, reading the subject of this article will make you yawn and if you are like most of us, seeing someone yawn gives you an involuntary yawn.
The same applies when you listen to music from any source and then catch yourself later, humming the tune involuntarily. You might even struggle to connect when or how the tune was planted moments earlier. It is otherwise known as the last song syndrome or earworm effect.
The crowd you surround yourself with and the environment you choose, has an impact on your direction.
The choice of where you live and work (space), who you will live and work with (magnitude) and what you repeatedly see (light), will have a greater impact on your direction, than what you will be doing (time).
It is thus surprising that we start most life choices with what we will be doing. I have read the book – Start with why by Simon Sinek. Inspirational in parts, pedestrian in parts, and an apple advert overall, but it reinforced the wisdom in Steve Jobs’ words – “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something – your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life”.
Most “successful” people do not really start with why, it is made up at the end, when an agreed measure of success is splashed on the journey.
Most success stories are actually hinged on where and with whom. That’s why there is a healthy dose of luck in them.
This is the reason I value meeting new people above other experiences. This might be in a face to face, online, phone calls, or through a book. Sometimes, it is hard to choose where you will live and that ultimately limits your choices on where you will work. But who you will live and/or work with and what you repeatedly see, is more within your control now, than it has ever been.
Choose them wisely, your direction depends on it.
– Osasu Oviawe | <urn:uuid:ba561be3-5bd7-4826-bf08-8184e64ebe15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://osasuoviawe.com/2018/03/11/yawn/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.96175 | 464 | 1.75 | 2 |
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