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He's Just that Into You!
“He is just so needy.” Jane says, chasing a cherry tomato around her plate with a fork. “I mean, he either messages me five minutes after leaving the house, telling me how much he misses me already. Or, he smothers me the moment I walk in.”
Andy smiles at his older sister from across the kitchen bench. “It’s just that his Connection Cup is so much bigger than yours.”
“What on earth is a Connection Cup?” Jane says, with her right eyebrow peaked.
“Well, if we imagine our need for love and belonging as a Cup, we would call it the Connection Cup. As your husband has a bigger need for love and belonging than you, he would have a bigger Connection Cup than you. Therefore, where you only need a little bit of love and belonging to fill and sustain your Cup, that same amount in his Cup would only half fill it. It would not be unusual then to see him continue to choose Connection Cup filling behaviours to try to fill the remainder of his Cup.”
Have you ever returned home after a long day, only to feel suffocated as soon as a loved one pounces on you? Or, have you ever waited all day for your partner to finally get home, only to feel the pang of rejection when they immediately want their space? Chances are, one of you have a larger Connection Cup than the other.
There are many reasons for these differences in behaviour - but all these reasons point to Jane and her partners different needs profiles (explained by The Phoenix Cups). Jane may also have an empty Freedom Cup from a long day at work, and might want some Freedom Cup filling space before she is ready to connect. Also, Jane may be filling her Connection Cup with her peers during the day, while her husband might not have those kinds of Cup filling relationships in his life. Therefore, his Connection Cup remains less full. There is also the possibility that Jane may also be better than her husband at filling her own Connection Cup with self-love.
If this continues, it could turn into a long cycle of misunderstanding, until neither of them can remember where it all started, and all love within the relationship could be withheld. This would be disastrous.
If Jane and her husband want to maintain a strong and healthy relationship, the key is to understand their own needs and how those needs differ from their partner. They can do this by determining their unique Phoenix Cup’s Profile. Once they know more about themselves and each other’s needs, this will help them to communicate clearly and openly with each other about what it is they want. This will also help them to understand why they each choose the behaviours they choose. Next, they'll require a Cup filling plan, to connect with one another to ensure both their needs are being met. Finally, and importantly, both Jane and her partner need to learn to fill their own Cups. This way, their happiness will be with each other, and not dependant on each other.
By Christopher Phoenix
B. Plan (Hons)
Co-author of The Phoenix Cups: A Cup Filling Story
As human beings, we all have needs that need to be met. When they aren’t met, life doesn’t function the way it should. our behaviour changes, our mood is affected, and we often feel unfulfilled.
The Phoenix Cups Framework will help you understand how to meet your most important life needs, and the needs of those around you, by discovering what cups you need to keep full, how they influence behaviours and how you can use them to build relationships in all aspects of life.
Take the Phoenix Cups quiz to gain insight into how to make life’s basic human needs work for you to live the life you deserve. | <urn:uuid:eb000736-0d70-4dad-9853-6af4afcd8629> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cdn.phoenixcups.com.au/blog/our-blog-1/post/he-s-just-that-into-you-3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.97786 | 804 | 1.53125 | 2 |
If you’re a web developer, you probably know what is available in the world of web development. Howbeit, even the best web developers are found glassy-eyed when it comes to selecting the best programming language among hundreds of options.
As a professional, if you’re up to delivering the best open-source development services, you need to make sure that you know your cards before you play them!
Learned professionals gain the trust of their clients and deliver the best services to them. Now, if you’re a learned web developer, you must be well-acquainted with the glory of PHP as a programming language.
What is PHP?
A short and sweet rundown of PHP:
- PHP is an acronym for “Hypertext Processor.”
- It is widely used in small and large industrial applications and known as an open-source scripting language.
- PHP scripts are executed directly on the server end.
- Its compilers and extensions are free to download and use.
- Like any other staple scripting language, PHP allows software developers to directly integrate logic into the creation of web page content and efficiently manage data returned from a web browser.
Main functions of PHP
PHP can seamlessly perform the following functions:
- Generating dynamic page content that is easily updatable.
- Creating, opening, reading, writing, and terminating files on the server.
- Ability to collect form data (a popular application, by the way!).
- Sending and receiving cookies.
- Controlling user access.
- Encrypting sensitive user data.
What are the advantages of using PHP?
Before diving into the business-level advantages of PHP, let us look at a few of its leading qualities as a server-side programming language:
PHP has cross-platform applications and runs on Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X, and many other supported operating systems.
- It is compatible with nearly all modern servers (e.g., Apache, IIS, etc.)
- It is open-source and free to use. Download it officially at https://php.net.
- PHP is easy to learn and modulates on the server-side efficiently.
PHP Code is flexible and integrative
As highlighted earlier, PHP code is a cross-platform. You can run and deploy PHP on major operating systems such as Windows, Unix, Linux, and macOS. But did you know that PHP’s server-side versatility is even better?
PHP’s backend supports servers like Apache, Microsoft IIS, Netscape, iPlanet, Caudium, Xitami, and Tornado, along with more than 20 databases like MySQL, MongoDB, PostgreSQL, and many more.
With PHP, businesses can seamlessly build cross-platform applications without worrying about compatibility errors. Organizations can now leverage existing tech infrastructure with little to no experience.
7 Global Websites That Use PHP
Perhaps the most notorious social media web application with more than 1.49 billion active users, Facebook was developed primarily using PHP.
Wikipedia is perhaps one of the most visited public information sites that uses PHP as a programming language along with MySQL/MariaDB as their database backend.
The birthplace of memes: The Tumblr community has generated over 325 million blogs and 555 million monthly visitors.
Established as the go-to team communications app in 2009, Slack’s valuation hovered around 4 billion dollars and is actively used by over 3 million users daily.
Ultimately, it’s no surprise that the largest content management system uses PHP to interact with databases and fetch data. In short, PHP is used to fetch key components from the database and output them as static HTML.
If you want to build your own web shop or have questions relating to e-commerce development platforms or apps, read our blog posts for Shopify and Shopware. Our dedicated outsourcing team can be your collaborator in e-commerce. | <urn:uuid:99cffd11-ef50-4d02-9116-55fa4a179ae3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://solution25.com/en/all-you-need-to-know-about-php/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.899878 | 832 | 2.84375 | 3 |
In this book, 35 refugees, all temporary protection visa (TPV) holders, and mostly from Iraq and Afghanistan, talk directly about their quest for asylum in Australia. They provide poignant details of persecution in their home country, their journey to Australia, prolonged periods of mandatory detention and more.
Lives in Limbo
Voices of Refugees under Temporary Protection
Education & Reference | <urn:uuid:3b018c6a-bfac-4292-99f0-b97d4db39077> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.dymocks.com.au/book/lives-in-limbo-by-alastair-hazell-9780868405995/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00173-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.829057 | 76 | 1.5 | 2 |
In a World Where Synagogues Have Less and Less Relevance. Rabbi.com Goes Virtual.
Thinking Outside Of The Synagogue
While Synagogues in the past had severed as an important role within the Jewish community, today many Jews are no longer finding meaning within Synagogues walls.
A learning environment with like minded people. Create your study group, pick your rabbi, interactive and virtually. All without borders.
Need a Rabbi for a Life Cycle event? Browse rabbis, cantors, mohels, evaluate and compare their profile pages . You can find the right rabbi for needs.
Rabbi anytime, anywhere. Its all about preferences. Contact a rabbi from the comfort of your living room.
Digital Rabbi – Judaism For All
Need a Rabbi? Offering online what one used to from a pulpit Rabbi: an inspiring sermon, a rabbi to perform life cycle events, online interactive study groups, saying kaddish.
Missed Yizkor? Say Kaddish.
Say Kaddish to honor your loved one.
Join a physical prayer service virtually and say Kaddish with a minyan, the kosher way.
Inspire Your Soul
Each Of Us Has a Spiritual Goal. Come to Rabbi.com and refresh your soul.
‘Jewish Web of Life’ – Millions of Active Users
- All ordained rabbis are encouraged to contribute and share educational content, words of inspiration in an effort to expand the Jewish Horizons of others.
- Rabbi TALKS the place to find meaningful Jewish insights in short powerful 18 minutes or less on topics from science to business to global issues.
- Best Sermon, the effective sermon is one whose message and meaning last a life time (text, audio, video). Preaching is the art of taking the spoken word not only to teach but to inspire.
Drop Us A Line
Don’t be shy. Send us anything. Good recommendations or serious critics, we welcome it. | <urn:uuid:6aedf41b-7310-40c2-85a7-f0d40a832fd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://rabbi.com/home-3-2-2-2-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.874179 | 434 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Where does your blood type come from? Your father is (partially) to thank.
Blood type, like all phenotypic traits, is rooted in your DNA. When you were conceived, you received one variation of blood type, or “allele,” from your mother and another from your father.
If you inherited a Type A allele from your mother and a Type B allele from your father, you would have Type AB blood. If you inherited an A and an A, you would be an A. So, if you inherited a Type A and a Type O, you would be an… AO? Actually, no. This is where the science gets a little tricky.
Dominant Vs. Recessive
Type A and Type B blood are considered genetically “dominant” in comparison to the “recessive” Type O. This doesn’t mean they are superior or stronger, just that if you inherit an A or a B allele alongside an O allele, your blood will be Type A or B, respectively.
Imagine Type O as a blank canvas and A and B as different colored paints. Even one allele for “paint” will color the canvas. It follows, then, that the only way to have no color and retain the clean foundation of Type O is to receive no A or B at all — and instead carry two O alleles.
The Gene Scene
Take a look at this diagram, called a Punnett Square. It matches a Type A parent carrying a recessive allele for Type O (top of chart) with a Type B parent also carrying a recessive allele for Type O (left of chart). These parents have a 25% chance of producing a child with Type AB blood, a 25% chance of producing a child with Type A blood, a 25% chance of producing a child with Type B blood and a 25% chance of producing a child with Type O blood.
How Does This Apply to Me?
If you know your parents’ blood types, try plugging them into the blank Punnett Square below. But be careful! If your parents are type A or B, it will be difficult for you to know whether or not they carry the recessive allele for Type O blood, like the parents in the diagram above. Type A individuals could either possess two A alleles, or one A and one O. You may have to go back a few generations to figure out which “genotype,” or combination of alleles, your parents carry.
Happy Punnetting! And next time you see your father, be sure to say thanks. You — and your blood type — wouldn’t be the same without him. | <urn:uuid:f773cb28-f5d4-445e-ad98-11b1896944f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.4yourtype.com/blog/thank-your-dad-for-your-blood-type-the-science-of-abo-inheritance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.940829 | 561 | 3.796875 | 4 |
What does FLAM mean in Military?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand FLAM in the Governmental field in general and in the Military terminology in particular.
Find a translation for FLAM in other languages:
Select another language:
What does FLAM mean?
- A freak or whim; also, a falsehood; a lie; an illusory pretext; deception; delusion. | <urn:uuid:78031555-cafd-4063-8a4c-35f01db81bc2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.abbreviations.com/term/107028 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00478-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.864181 | 91 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Do you ever catch yourself thinking ‘I can’t keep up with technological change’ or ‘I’ll catch up on the latest communications developments when the dust settles’ or, perhaps in less considered moments, ‘aaaaarrrrrrggghhhh!’? Unless you’ve been in a coma for the last five years, you’ll be fully aware of how fast the communications industry is developing, and that change is being driven by technological evolution. But it has to slow down, right?
Unfortunately, the bad news is that Moore’s Law means that the rate of change is unlikely to decrease any time soon. In fact, given than technology is the major catalyst, it’s more likely to increase than decrease, certainly in the next few years. Moore’s Law depicts a 50 year trend where, in simple technological terms, the number of electronic chips that can be placed on a circuit doubles approximately every two years at no additional cost. The performance of many digital communications devices (computers, mobile phones, digital cameras etc) is inextricably linked to Moore’s Law due to factors such as the performance of processing speeds and memory capacity, which are improving at roughly exponential rates. Which, in layman’s terms, is “very fast indeed”.
Increasing Rate of Change
Futurist Ray Kurzweil proposed ‘The Law of Accelerating Returns’ in the early 2000s, positing that the rate of change in a variety of evolving systems increases at this exponential rate. He says that “we won’t experience 100 years of progress in the 21st century; it will be more like 20,000 years of progress (at today’s rate)”. So if you’re finding it difficult to keep up now, what’s it going to be like in ten years’ time?
If Kurzweil’s correct, the communications industry hasn’t even begun its own evolutionary change. He argues that whenever a technology approaches a barrier to progress, a new technology is invented to cross that barrier. And as we invent better technologies, we also discover more effective ways of doing things – like communicating. Furthermore, Kurzweil predicts that, within a few decades (he’s stated 2045), machine intelligence will surpass human intelligence leading to a ‘technological singularity’. Mathematician Vernor Vinge popularised this premise in his 1986 novel, ‘Marooned in Realtime’.
If it all sounds a bit “Danger Will Robinson!” to you, think about the last 60 or so years. Life has changed almost beyond recognition since the Fifites. And it will continue to do so, but at an ever-faster rate.
So what’s the point? Well, I was asked at last week’s Future of Communications panel discussion in London how to keep up with all of the changes in the tech, social media and communications fields. My answer was rather low-tech: read. Read articles, read blogs, read news and opinions. And then experiment with things. Play with tech, try out different social media platforms and functionality, take nothing for granted. You’re doing yourself no favours whatsoever by leaving communications tech to the company social media geek or the IT staff. Don’t have time? Make time. Subscribe to blogs using RSS and read them on-the-go on your mobile. Spend half an hour playing with social media tools on your lunch break. If you don’t do it, someone else will. Your career, your choice. | <urn:uuid:aac0436e-0492-4582-900c-d3fa5ff968e9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://paulsutton.co/2012/02/19/the-law-of-accelerating-returns/?doing_wp_cron=1477215217.8489689826965332031250 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00199-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934534 | 768 | 3 | 3 |
>> Synthetic versus down Say goodbye to the days of heavy, bulky synthetic bags. Advances in fiber structure and sack construction mean “it’s almost possible to create a synthetic bag with the same weight, warmth, and compressibility as down,” says Wade Woodfill, Marmot’s sleeping bag guru. One remaining drawback is durability. Down lasts up to 30 years versus 10 years for well-maintained synthetics. The advantages? Synthetic bags can be made from recycled material, are hypoallergenic, cost about 30 percent less, and shine in moist climates because of hydrophobic fibers that dry fast and retain insulating power when wet.
>> Types of fill Continuous filament insulation consists of long fibers, while short-staple insulation contains short fiber segments densely packed together. In general, continuous filaments, like Climashield, reduce drifting, but some are stiffer and less compressible. Fine, short-staple insulation, like PrimaLoft One, is generally more packable and softer to the touch. Manufacturers define a new bag’s performance characteristics by matching an insulation type to a specific construction technique. For example, a winter expedition bag might use high-quality continuous filament insulation and an offset-quilted construction to maximize warmth.
>> Filament technology Fiber choices always dictate price and performance, but three new advances have increased the thermal efficiency (and cost) of bag insulations: Weaving together fibers of different thicknesses (thick fibers prevent convective heat loss, while thin ones trap radiating heat); crimping fibers to add loft; and creating hollow-core fibers that are more stable, lighter, and have larger interior cavities to trap more warm air.
>> Temperature rating This metric is the lowest temperature at which a bag will allow an average person to sleep comfortably. Look for an EN13537 certification—a third-party-verified standard generated by using a heated copper dummy to test efficiency. The EN13537 test attempts to replicate real-life conditions (the dummy wears baselayers and uses a sleeping pad), but remember, overall comfort is a mix of many factors, so check fit and features before considering two 20°F-certified bags equal.
>> Shape/fit Cut determines heat-trapping efficiency: Tapered mummy cuts are warmest; rectangular bags have the most roll-around room and space to heat; and semi-rectangular sacks split the difference.
>> Weight Synthetic bags in the 15°F to 20°F range weigh between 2.5 and 4.5 pounds and heft generally increases along with bag warmth; expect synthetic bags to weigh as much as 30 percent more than comparably rated down.
>> Unpack early Maximize loft (and warmth) by fluffing and laying out your bag at least 30 minutes before hitting the sack.
>> Manage moisture Body vapor and condensation encourage mildew. Air out your bag in the shade every morning, or when it’s wet.
>> Wear baselayers Body oils damage lightweight liner fabrics and fills.
>> Clean Grime decreases loft. Wash spot stains by pulling the shell away from the insulation with your hands, scrubbing mild powder detergent and water in with a toothbrush, rinsing, and air-drying. Watch a demo on eradicating all-over grunge at backpacker.com/sleepwash.
>> Store After trips, air-dry and stow your bag in a large cotton sack.
>> Retire Expect about 20 washes or up to 10 years out of your bag before it loses its loft. Without loft, the insulation won’t keep you warm.
Text by Kristin Bjornsen; Illustration by Don Foley | <urn:uuid:c28df334-7ef1-42a4-9388-1676570ef5cf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.backpacker.com/gear/sleeping-bags/gear-school-synthetic-sleeping-bags/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00064-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900729 | 772 | 1.976563 | 2 |
England 1648. A dangerous time for a woman to be different . . .
While Philippa Gregory’s historical novels may be familiar to you, this is a little different to her previous books. In the past she has focussed on real historical characters and royal settings, in Tidelands, Gregory moves into fiction that is set in a real period and place, but has ordinary characters at the centre.
The book opens in 1648, during the English Civil War and includes one of the many failed attempts to rescue Charles I before his trial. This was the first time when the people of England united to control the power of the English king and is a turning point for the men, and especially the women of England. If the king – the father of the nation – could be challenged, then daughters and wives could speak for themselves.
The struggle of the period reaches every corner of the kingdom, even to the remote tidelands – the marshy landscape of coastal Sussex in England. It’s here we meet Alinor, a descendant of wise women, crushed by poverty and superstition.
Alinor supports her son and daughter with her midwifery skills, which, as a woman alone, only draws attention to herself. Her fisherman husband is missing – she is neither wife nor widow. She waits in the graveyard under the full moon for a ghost who will declare her free from her abusive marriage. Instead she meets James, a young Catholic priest on the run. The meeting is life-altering. She shows him the secret ways across the treacherous marsh, not knowing that she is leading disaster into the heart of her life.
Suspected of possessing dark secrets in superstitious times, Alinor’s ambition and determination mark her out from her neighbours. This is the time of witch-mania, and Alinor, a woman without a husband, skilled with herbs, suddenly enriched, arouses envy in her rivals and fear among the villagers, who are ready to take lethal action into their own hands.
Tidelands was impossible to put down. It’s the perfect blend of grand sweeping historical events, and the gritty, gripping, personal tales of Alinor and her family. Alinor is a compelling character trying to protect those she loves in dangerous times, and her relationship with James held me spellbound. The setting is perfect – dreary marshlands that add weight to the tension. The time period is vividly described, and you literally feel the crushing weight of class and poverty, and the constraints experienced by women, particularly those in lower classes. This is especially apparent when Alinor’s daughter, Alys and the son of a wealthy farmer fall in love – an impossible match. Gregory’s writing literally sings along – this is not a heavy historical. It’s polished and easy to read, spanning love and heartbreak and tremendous struggle. The final hundred pages are utterly gripping, sweeping us along to an ending that will linger in your thoughts for a long time to come.
It can’t end there! There must be more? Fortunately there is.
This is the first book in The Fairmile Series, and I can’t wait to see what happens next for Alinor and her descendants. A must read!
About the author:
Philippa Gregory is the author of many New York Timesbestselling novels, including The Other Boleyn Girl, and is a recognized authority on women’s history. Many of her works have been adapted for the screen including The Other Boleyn Girl. Her most recent novel, The Last Tudor, is now in production for a television series. She graduated from the University of Sussex and received a PhD from the University of Edinburgh, where she is a Regent. She holds honorary degrees from Teesside University and the University of Sussex. She is a fellow of the Universities of Sussex and Cardiff and was awarded the 2016 Harrogate Festival Award for Contribution to Historical Fiction. She is an honorary research fellow at Birkbeck, University of London. She founded Gardens for the Gambia, a charity to dig wells in poor rural schools in The Gambia, and has provided nearly 200 wells. She welcomes visitors to her website. | <urn:uuid:5b4646b3-b65d-4ee0-999b-ca7a4a75c3f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.betterreading.com.au/news/utterly-gripping-impossible-to-put-down-read-a-review-of-tidelands-by-philippa-gregory/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.96087 | 873 | 2.421875 | 2 |
I am a biological life form, similar in carbon-based makeup to all other biological life forms on the planet. I am called, human, a term derived from the stem, humus or soil. I am intimately connected to the natural world. I can feel the earth, the trees and grass, soil and wind. I smell nature, sense it deep in my bones, and I am comforted by knowing that I belong here. I am awestruck at the beauty and fragility of creation and my most fundamental nature is an extension of the cosmological life force. This,I have always known.
My role while here is to treat nature with the care that I would treat myself. She not only sustains me - all of us - she is us. We are as cells within her glorious organism. We should be oxygen carrying cells - life promoters, not cancer cells.
More information about text formats | <urn:uuid:d4615f37-6602-43d7-97be-bcff620f8f73> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.onbeing.org/comment/reply/117/2884 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00574-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952385 | 186 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Black garlic has become a highly sought-after product over the past decade, but its use dates back more than a thousand, until the ancient Egyptian society. Today it is a widely consumed product in places throughout Asia, where it is part of the ancient culture of China or Thailand, having been used for centuries in traditional medicine.
Garlic is one of the species most used by humanity as a natural remedy, highlighting its traditional uses as a cardio protective and promoter of the immune system.
However, it is black garlic that appears to have unbanked its younger brother in the nutraceutical sector, and this is due to changes in the molecular composition of garlic as it ages to obtain the coveted black garlic. During this process, some of the most unstable molecules of white garlic (responsible for the unpleasant effects associated with garlic, such as odor) turn into compounds of greater stability, and that provide a number of benefits to be considered.
This is the case with SAC (S-alyl-cysteine) which is a compound derived from allicin, only obtainable by aging white garlic. The stability and bio accessibility of SAC, as well as its high antioxidant capacity, make it a molecule with protective cardio properties, capable of combating cellular oxidative stress.
Black garlic has shown to have a polyphenol content 10 times higher than white garlic, placing itself as a 2.0 version of it, providing greater antioxidant and cardio protective capacity.
Pharmactive is part of the best raw material, a garlic with unique organoleptic properties, grown in a sustainable and traditional way in Castilla la Mancha (one of the most privileged areas in the world for the cultivation of this plant). It undergoes its own extraction process, using SAC-Ultrapure-Tech™ technology. This technology is the result of a project of more than 5 years, in which Pharmactive has involved engineers and experts in multiple subjects, to give rise to a production machinery that allows us to obtain a 100% natural SAC, as well as other bioactive compounds from aged garlic, all without the need to use alcoholic solvents or chemical emissions into the environment.
Cardiovascular health is a purpose that can only be achieved through full involvement with our body, and this requires an active life and a diet that contributes to this goal. From Pharmactive, we want to contribute our grain of sand to contribute to people’s health, by providing ingredients of the highest quality and value, to make living healthy nutrition easier. | <urn:uuid:f6ef0441-1b49-427d-ad4d-368b7893dbcc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://usa.pharmactive.eu/abg-the-secret-is-in-the-molecules/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.953246 | 511 | 2.484375 | 2 |
FileStruct is a lightweight and fast file-cache / file-server designed for web-applications. It solves the problems of “where do I save all of those uploads” that has been encountered time and time again. FileStruct uses the local filesystem, but in a sensible way (keeping permissions sane), and with the ability to secure it to a reasonable level.
Here is a simple example of taking an image upload, resizing, and saving it:
with client.TempDir() as TempDir: open(TempDir.FilePath('upload.jpg'), 'wb').write(mydata) TempDir.ResizeImage('upload.jpg', 'resize.jpg', '100x100') hash1 = TempDir.Save('upload.jpg') hash2 = TempDir.Save('resize.jpg')
FileStruct is designed to work with files represented by the SHA-1 hash of their contents. This means that all files in FileStruct are immutable.
FileStruct is designed as a local repository of file data accessable (read/write) by an application or web application. All operations are local I/O operations and therefore, very fast.
Where possible, streaming hash functions are used to prevent iterating over a file twice.
FileStruct is designed so that Nginx can serve files directly from it’s Data directory using an
X-Accel-Redirect header. For more information on this Nginx configuration directive, see http://wiki.nginx.org/XSendfile
Assuming that nginx runs under
nginx user and file database is owned by the
nginx needs to be in the
fileserver group to serve files:
# usermod -a -G fileserver nginx
FileStruct is designed to be as secure as your hosting configuration. Where possible, a dedicated user should be allocated to read/write to FileStruct, and the database directory restricted to this user.
FileStruct is designed to be incredibly simple to use.
FileStruct is designed to simplify common operations on files, especially uploaded files. Image resizing for thumbnails is supported.
FileStruct is designed to simplify the use of Temp Files in an application. The API supports creation of a temporary directory, placing files in it, Ingesting files into FileStruct, and deleting the directory when completed (or retaining it in the event of an error)
FileStruct is designed to retain files until garbage collection is performed. Garbage collection consists of telling FileStruct what files you are interested in keeping, and having it move the remaining files to the trash.
FileStruct is designed to work seamlessly with rsync for backups and restores.
At the point a file is inserted or removed from FileStruct, it is a filesystem move operation. This means that under no circumstances will a file exist in FileStruct that has contents that do not match the name of the file.
FileStruct is not designed to store MetaData. It is designed to store file content. There may be several “files” which refer to the same content.
empty.ini may all refer to the empty file
Data/da/39/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709. However, this file will be retained as long as any aspect of the application still uses it.
Because file content is stored in files with the hash of the content, automatic file-level de-duplication occurs. When a file is pushed to FileStruct that already exists, there is no need to write it again.
This carries the distinct benifit of being able to use the same FileStruct database across multiple projects if desired, because the content of file
Data/da/39/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 is always the same, regardless of the application that placed it there.
Note: In the event that multiple instances or applications use the same database, the garbage collection routine MUST take all references to a given hash into account, across all applications that use the database. Otherwise, it would be easy to delete data that should be retained. | <urn:uuid:c9a2391f-2cf1-4cf2-ac45-5e6f90abbc7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.gahooa.com/tag/file-uploads/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.919869 | 891 | 1.9375 | 2 |
In Others’ Words: Etiquette
“Etiquette — a fancy word for simple kindness.” ~ Elsa Maxwell, labeled the “Hostess with the Mostest” by the press in the mid-Twentieth century, columnist & author
You hear the word “etiquette” and I bet you groan, thinking “rules, rules and more rules.”
- Should I offer my seat to the elderly woman who just got on the subway?
- How do I address someone I just met — formally or casually?
- Should I wait for a man to open the door for me or is that sexist behavior?
But what happens when you substitute the word “kindness” for the word etiquette? Ah, suddenly everything is so, so much easier. Every “what should I do now?” dilemma boils down to kindness.
- It’s only kind to let someone older than me to sit down when it’s easier for me to stand.
- It’s only kind to offer respect to someone I just met. If they tell me to call them by their first name, then I will.
- It’s only kind for that man to hold a door open for me — he’s not insulting me as a woman. And if he doesn’t? Well, I’ll be kind toward him and assume he’s in a hurry — not that he’s being rude on purpose.
I like the way it’s summed up here: Put yourself aside and help others get ahead. Don’t be obsessed with getting your own advantage. Forget yourself long enough to lend a helping hand. (Philippians 2:1-4, The Message)
In Your Words: When has kindness helped you out of an awkward situation — a “what do I do now?” moment? | <urn:uuid:3da547ba-6f5a-45ae-83c8-70c020388009> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bethvogt.com/uncategorized/in-others-words-etiquette/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00477-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.885619 | 401 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Defra report into UK carbon footprint slammed
A leading environmental commentator has disputed claims that government policy has helped reduce the UK's carbon footprint - instead arguing a sluggish economic is the cause.
Green transport company Carbon Voyage founder James Swanston told edie that while a new Defra report into carbon emissions gives the impression the UK’s carbon footprint is being reduced that “quite the opposite is true”. He argues that the 2008-2009 dip “reflects the downward cycle in the economy rather than successful government policy”.
As part of the Defra report, the carbon emissions associated with UK consumption between 1990 and 2008 were analysed to determine how carbon emissions relating to goods and services produced and consumed by UK businesses have changed.
It concluded that the UK’s carbon footprint fell between 2008 and 2009 – but remains some 20% higher than it was in 1990 – as a result of reduced production and import growth.
A decline in production and growth in services were found to be the main contributory factors for CO2 growth, while figures show that import growth has caused the UK’s carbon footprint to increase by nearly 80% between 1990 and 2009.
However, Mr Swanston warned that “factors contributing to lower emissions are reduced construction activity and lower use of heavy goods vehicles, which are fundamentally cyclical and will rise again when the economy picks up.
“It is only natural that carbon dioxide emissions generated domestically and embedded in imported goods will fall in a deteriorating economy. Take macro factors out of the equation and emissions are almost certainly rising.”
As a result, he said there “continues to be a major disconnect in government and business about the benefits of a low-carbon economy”.
Emissions embedded in imports by British businesses more than doubled over the period – increasing by 128%.
Meanwhile, UK production emissions, including in manufacturing, transport, international aviation and shipping, fell by 14% during the period.
According to Defra, this reflects a growing trend in the UK to import relatively carbon intensive goods, as well as a wider variety of products.
© Faversham House Ltd 2022 edie news articles may be copied or forwarded for individual use only. No other reproduction or distribution is permitted without prior written consent. | <urn:uuid:ffcf270c-1a4a-49f6-bb24-bf540964a649> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.edie.net/defra-report-into-uk-carbon-footprint-slammed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.955264 | 472 | 2.359375 | 2 |
|Chapter 10||The Infinite Glories of the Ultimate Truth||Verse 40|
Rudra Vaisnava Sampradaya:
The subject matter of Lord Krishna's vibhuti or divine, transcendental opulence is now being concluded. Lord Krishna informs that as His vibhuti is infinite and endless it is not possible to state them all and they only have been stated in brief.
Brahma Vaisnava Sampradaya:
In whatever forms the manifestations of majesty, greatness, beauty and power are seen, they should be known as minuscule fractions of Lord Krishna's vibhuti or divine, transcendental opulence. Manifesting as the brahman He becomes the spiritual substratum pervading all existence. Manifesting as Brahma He becomes the ruler of the aggregate of the 330 million demigods. Having been established as the predominant goal in the Sama Veda, He is know as Sama, predominant in the Vedas. Similarly He is established as aswattha or immutable to bequeath eminence to the Aswattha Tree known as the Banyan Tree and He was called Aswattha and other names etc. to give recognition to their special qualities which manifest from Him. Thus the principle of manifesting vibhuti. It is clear and apparent that the Supreme Lord Krishna's avatars or incarnations and expansions are different from His vibhuti and are also distinctly different from the demigods and any jiva or embodied being. Realisation of the Supreme Lord can manifest internally or externally in two ways as either direct perception or as supra-sensory illumination.
The realisation of Lord Krishna's expansions such as Narayana, Rama or Vishnu are direct perception possessing transcendental qualities and attributes and eternal spiritual forms. They are completely above and beyond the demigods, the jivas or embodied beings and material nature. However abiding in material objects and energising the distinctive nature in them along with the complete material existence, when perceived is known as supra sensory illumination. Because Lord Krishna possesses all of the attributes of paramatma the Supreme Soul, He is known as Paramatma. Because He is self luminous like the rays of the sun, He is known as the sun. Since He causes rain laden clouds to shower He is known as Marici. Being in equanimity to all He is known as Sama. Being the bestower of pleasure He is known as the moon. Being the knower of everything He is the Vedas. Since He abides everywhere He is Vasu. Being conscious of all things He is cit. Being the purifier He is known as Pavana the wind which purifies. Being ever immutable He is Mt. Meru. Being the holder of all He is the ocean as all land floats upon it. He is Skanda who defeated all adversaries. He is Bhrigu being adorable. He is the recitation of Vedic mantras being gloified. He is Yagna the worship and propitiation. He is Hayagriva, the horse incarnation. He is Airavata, the lord of the elephants. He is the protector of the Sri the goddess of fortune. Since He grants all the desires of nara or man He is Narada. Being the guardian of Hri and Sri both dual forms of Laksmi, He is knownas Himalaya. Being unassailable by adversaries He is vajra the thunderbolt. Since He gives protection to the obedient He is Garuda. Because abiding in the heart of all beings He gives peace He is Vasuki. Being the enjoyer of all desires He is Kandarpa or Kamadeva the god of love. Since He is the knower of all that is to be known, He is Aryama. He is time the knower of all knowledge. Being pleased with the devotees He is Varuna. Having two forms one internal and one external He is known as dvanda or dual. Granting limited knowledge to the uninitiated He is the makara. Being the controller He is Yama the demigod in charge of death. Being extremely devoted He is Prahlad. Being the Lord of all seeking beings He is the Lord of all beings. Being the renunciate of samsara the perpetual cycle of birth and death He is Jahnavi or Ganga-devi. Being the Lord of the atma or soul He is Adhytma. Knowing all He is wisdom. In debates He is conclusive logic. Being eulogised He is fame, speech and wealth. Since He is always remembered He is memory. Being knowledgeable He is intellect. Being compassionate He is mercy. In sport He is gambling. Being the refuge of the singers He is the Gayatri. Being ever victorious He is vitue. Being the punisher He is the rod of chastisement. Since He has great attributes He is called Brihat Sama. Since He is omniscient He is Ushana.
Being the knower of all wisdom He is awareness. Being secretive He is silence. On the path to the final goal He is perseverance. Beings pleased with understanding He is Kaplia. Being the best among humans He is Vedavyasa. Being all pervasive He is Vishnu. Thus dwelling within all beings and having innumerable qualities the resplendent Lord Krishna is the glory of the glory. Among the constellations with different qualities Lord Krishna as the moon takes precedence over them such as the stars and other planets as the moon has the predominant influence over the Earth. Among those of similar attributes such as the demigods He takes predominance over them all as Shankara or Shiva who is more then all of them. Among the jivas or embodied being He bestows eminence only to very few such as Brihaspati, Bhrgu and Arjuna. Among the demigods the primary creator after Vishnu is Brahma and there is no jiva equal to Him. In the performance of yagnas conscious awareness is superior. Of weapons Sudarsan Cakra is superior and of the Vedas the Rig Veda is spoken of as Supreme. In other places it is stated the Sama Veda is Supreme but not because of its attributes but because of the divinty presiding over it. The presiding dieties of the Rig Veda are the saktis Laksmi, Sarsawati and Parvati. Whereas the presiding diety of the Sama Veda is Shiva. Still accordingly whatever is proper following the Vedic etiquette is to be accepted.
Knowledge that the Supreme Lord is everything verifies the reality that there is nothing which exits apart from Him. Conceptions of duality are strictly on the empirical platform of material existence. Once the Universal Form has been perceived by Arjuna's consciousness and he has total awreness such conceptions of duality will cease to arise. Then he will see that everything existing is different manifestations of the Supreme Lord. As snow, ice and steam are nothing more then different manifestations of water.
om purnam adah purnam idam purnat purnam udacyate purnasya purnam adaya purnam evavasisyate
The Supreme Lord is perfect and complete and because He is perfect and complete all that emanates from Him are perfectly complete. Whatever is produced from the complete is complete in itself. Because He is complete even though unlimited completeness emantes from Him, He remains eternally complete.
Sri Vaisnava Sampradaya:
Lord Krishna reveals that His vibhuti or divine, transcendental opulence is infinite without end and to account for them all is impossible as new ones are always manifesting. The ones that have been stated in this chapter are those that have manifested somehow or other with some restrictions and thus only give a limited perception.
Kumara Vaisnava Sampradaya:
Lord Krishna concludes the description of His vibhuti or divine, transcendental opulence with the words nanto'sti there is no limit to them and also there is no being in all existence that can account and describe them all. What Lord Krishna has given is only a very small partial description of His vibhuti. | <urn:uuid:6cced2f8-3a63-40a8-82d6-84fbaf403b90> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bhagavad-gita.org/Gita/verse-10-38.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00342-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958728 | 1,698 | 1.875 | 2 |
Note: Not guaranteed to come with supplemental materials (access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.)
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This practical, performance based methods text for middle and second school pre-service teachers is organized around four developmental components: Whygives the rationale to support the components that follow Whatwhat you will be teaching Howhow you will teach it How wellhow well you are teaching it. Organized into four parts that are then split up into ten modules, the text begins with a history of education going back to colonial times. The modules then cover the many and varied aspects of teaching pre and early adolescents, such as teaching students with exceptionalities, classroom management, diversity, instructional planning, using technology in the classroom, assessing student achievement, and self-assessment and continued professional development. The authors contend that the best teacher is one who has an eclectic style and can monitor their own progress and make changes and adapt their strategies if they are not succeeding. The ninth edition has been carefully updated to reflect the diversity and current topics in the field today. The book is a valuable resource for students today and as a reference for many years to come. New To This Edition: NEW! Improved balance of content between middle and secondary schoolsthis emphasizes that middle school is uniquely different from both high school and the traditional junior high school and that pre-and early adolescence is different from late adolescence. NEW! Technology has been integrated throughout every module of the bookNew features including "Teaching Scenarios," "Activities," and "Technology Rich" features were added to all modules. NEW! Contributions from pre-service and in-service middle and secondary school teachers, teacher educators, and educational researchers have been added--to strengthen the tie between theory and practice.
Table of Contents
Introduction to teaching and learning in middle and secondary schools
Today's middle and secondary schools : purpose, organization, structure, and reform
Middle and secondary school students
Planning for instruction
Establishing and maintaining a safe and supportive classroom learning environment
Selecting content and preparing objectives
Preparing an instructional plan
Selecting and implementing instructional strategies
Student-centered instructional strategies
Teacher-centered instructional strategies
Media, aids, and resources
Assessment of teaching and learning
Assessing and reporting student achievement
Self-assessment of teaching and continued professional development
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved. | <urn:uuid:30f7d9e2-366c-4348-8fa9-df9516c51121> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.knetbooks.com/teaching-middle-secondary-schools-9th/bk/9780131589742 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00030-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938216 | 531 | 3 | 3 |
Thither full fraught
with mischievous revenge, Accurst, and in a cursed hour he hies.
Each word that fell from his companion's lips seemed fraught
with the mysteries of science, as worthy of digging out as the gold and diamonds in the mines of Guzerat and Golconda, which he could just recollect having visited during a voyage made in his earliest youth.
The caprice of the winds, like the wilfulness of men, is fraught
with the disastrous consequences of self-indulgence.
The fact was that this Sunday walk through the fields was fraught
with great excitement to Marty and Tommy, who saw a perpetual drama going on in the hedgerows, and could no more refrain from stopping and peeping than if they had been a couple of spaniels or terriers.
Then he opened the lid of his quiver and took out a winged arrow that had not yet been shot, fraught
with the pangs of death.
Still, the competition of two rival companies west of the Rocky Mountains could not but prove detrimental to both, and fraught
with those evils, both to the trade and to the Indians, that had attended similar rivalries in the Canadas.
Flower and maiden were different, and yet the same, and fraught
with some strange peril in either shape.
A dark unfathom'd tide Of interminable pride - A mystery, and a dream, Should my early life seem; I say that dream was fraught
With a wild, and waking thought Of beings that have been, Which my spirit hath not seen, Had I let them pass me by, With a dreaming eye
The sweet scenes of autumn were for a while put by, unless some tender sonnet, fraught
with the apt analogy of the declining year, with declining happiness, and the images of youth and hope, and spring, all gone together, blessed her memory.
Neither is this to be understood only of faithful counsel, which a man receiveth from his friend; but before you come to that, certain it is, that whosoever hath his mind fraught
with many thoughts, his wits and understanding do clarify and break up, in the communicating and discoursing with another; he tosseth his thoughts more easily; he marshalleth them more orderly, he seeth how they look when they are turned into words: finally, he waxeth wiser than himself; and that more by an hour's discourse, than by a day's meditation.
Yet there was a time when Archer had had definite and rather aggressive opinions on all such problems, and when everything concerning the manners and customs of his little tribe had seemed to him fraught
with world-wide significance.
She had not been used to feel alarm from wind, but now every blast seemed fraught
with awful intelligence.
But this method he realized to be too fraught
with danger, and so he commenced picking up solitary hunters with his long, deadly noose, stripping them of weapons and ornaments and dropping their bodies from a high tree into the village street during the still watches of the night.
As most of those present were aware that this evening a certain very important decision was to be taken, these words of Nastasia Philipovna's appeared to be fraught
with much hidden interest.
It was a long and tedious journey, fraught
with many dangers. | <urn:uuid:e6568c6e-7a9c-4c0e-b344-4268fa1d159d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.freethesaurus.com/fraught | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00253-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98083 | 695 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Disciplines cover Geodesy, Geomatics, Mapping,
Photogrammetry, GIS, GPS and Engineering (Hydrology)
Services include consulting and training in the above
Technical support and project management
Mapping services within geodesy, civil
engineering and terrestrial photogrammetry
Stereogram of a dinosaur footprint, collected for a detailed inclined
ortho map for Dinosaur Ridge, Morrison, CO. If you are able to cross
your eyes, you can see it in stereo.
Our experience: Over 140 completed projects, 16 countries, 6 languages.
Where are we? GeoCounsel is a US company incorporated in Colorado, USA.
With the advent of UAVs, photogrammetry really is
given a new lease on life. GeoCounsel is also in the
thick of things, concentrating on the services that will
be available using this new platform. After all, it's just
a new form of miniaturized photogrammetry.
Contours of a 20 acre excavation pit, mapped with a calibrated handheld camera.
<---To navigate the site, please use these tabs | <urn:uuid:4b4e0a75-7f58-4127-8eb7-104277adb7af> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://geocounsel.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00441-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.874919 | 234 | 1.539063 | 2 |
|4351439||Merchandise display device||1982-09-28||Taylor||211/59.3|
|3767084||COMMODITY VENDOR APPARATUS||1973-10-23||Bayha||221/279|
|3348732||Article dispensing device||1967-10-24||Schwarz||221/279|
|3302827||Counter mounted self-leveling device||1967-02-07||Maslow||211/59.3|
|2079754||Article projection apparatus for shelves||1937-05-11||Waxgiser||211/59.3|
a base member adapted to be mounted at the front of a shelf;
a cylindrical roll rotatably mounted on said base member;
a flexible belt secured to and extending rearward from said cylindrical roll;
means biasing said cylindrical roll to reel said flexible belt thereon;
an upright pusher member carried on the end of said belt to engage behind a row of articles positioned along said belt; and
lock means, selectively operated with said pusher member in any position, to secure said roll against rotation;
said lock means being mounted on said base member for movement thereon between a locking position wherein portions thereon engage portions on said cylindrical roll to prevent rotation of said roll and a neutral position wherein said portions are free of engagement.
a longitudinal slideway secured to and extending rearward from said base member; and
a slide member slidably received in said slideway;
said slide member being secured to the end of said flexible belt and carrying said pusher member.
a coaxial rod within said cylindrical roll;
said cylindrical roll being rotatable on said rod;
a coil spring secured between said cylindrical roll and said rod.
said lock means comprises:
a lock bar longitudinally slidable on said base member;
a polygonal member concentrically mounted on one end of said cylindrical roll;
a wide slot in said lock bar receiving said polygonal member for free rotation therein in one position of said lock bar; and
a narrow slot extending longitudinally from said wide slot and snugly receiving said polygonal member and engaging opposite sides thereof in a locking position of said lock bar.
a slideway adapted to be mounted on a display shelf to extend from front to rear thereof;
a slide member slidably received in said slideway;
a pressure plate carried by said slide member;
a cylindrical roll rotatably mounted on said slideway;
a flexible tension member wound on said roll and secured at the distal end thereof to said slide member;
means biasing said cylindrical roll to wind said tension member thereon; and
lock means, selectively operated with said slide member in any position, to secure said roll against rotation.
said lock means being mounted on said base member for movement thereon between a locking position wherein portions thereon engage portions on said cylindrical roll to prevent rotation of said cylindrical roll, and a neutral position wherein said portions are free of engagement.
It is well established that the prominent display of merchandise in sales establishments, such as supermarkets, does much to enhance sales. As a result, store attendants are constantly moving merchandise to the fronts of the shelves, particularly on shelves situated above eye level where articles at the rear may go unnoticed.
Some packaged products are displayed on inclined shelves so that, as an article is removed from the front, articles behind slide or roll forward to replace it. However, certain products, such as potato chips and similarly bagged goods without a flat base, are quite unstable in stacking and may simply topple over when unsupported by an adjacent article.
It is an object of this invention to provide apparatus for advancing shelved goods as articles in front are removed.
It is a further object of this invention to provide apparatus for holding irregularly shaped, bagged goods erect and in prominent display until the last article on the shelf is removed.
It is a further object to provide apparatus for supporting and advancing packaged goods on store shelves of various depths.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the description to follow, particularly when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing.
In carrying out this invention, we provide a flexible strip or belt, which is reeled onto a roll mounted at the front of a shelf. The belt extends toward the rear of the shelf so that a row of packaged items may be placed thereon. A torsion spring biases the roll to reel the belt in, and a pressure plate on the end of the belt engages behind the rearmost article. Hence, as each article is removed from the front, the pressure plate advances the remaining packages in the row to the front of the shelf.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a view in perspective showing the apparatus of this invention in operation;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view in perspective showing the components of this invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial view in perspective showing the tension control; and
FIG. 4 is a partial view in perspective showing the row locking device.
Referring now to the drawing with greater particularity, each device 10 of this invention includes an elongated base plate 12 with its side margins 14 turned over toward each other to form a slideway 16. Elongated magnets 18 are secured to the bottom of the base plate 12 of each device 10 to secure the base plate in place on a shelf. Preferably, a sheet of thin sheet steel 20 is placed on the shelf to enhance the magnetic attraction.
Slidably mounted in the inturned margins is a slide 22 on which is carried an upright pusher member or pressure plate 24 to engage behind a row of packaged goods P to push them toward the front of the shelf 20, as will hereinafter be described.
The pressure plate 24 is carried on a belt 26 of a flexible sheet material, such as coated fabric or a suitable plastic. The belt 26, in turn, is secured to and wound onto a roll 28 (FIG. 2), which is rotatably carried in a base member 30 mounted on the front of the base plate 12. A torsion coil spring 32 in the roll 28 is biased between a central rod 34 and the cylindrical roll 28 to bias the roll 28 to wind the flexible sheet 26 thereon, in the nature of a window shade.
A knob 26 carried on one end of the rod 34 and secured in place by a clip 38 may be turned so that a selected notch 36a engages on a small pin 39 on the base housing to adjust the force of the spring 32. On the other side of the base housing 30 a slidable lock plate 40 engages over a hexagonal member 42 secured to the roll 28. When the lock plate 40 is pulled toward the front of the housing 30, the male member 42 is free to rotate in the englarged opening 40a. However, when the lock plate 40 is pushed toward the rear, the reduced opening 40b engages on the flat portions of the hexagonal member 42 to lock the cylindrical roll 28 against rotation. Hence, the belt 26 can be locked in any position to which it may be pulled for loading articles thereon. After the rod 34 is inserted through washers 44 and 46, it is secured in place by a cotter pin 48.
Since all of the operating components are housed in the base member 30 at the front of the package-advancing device 10 the slideway 12 may be made of extra length and then cut off as needed to fit shelves 19 of a wide range of depths.
In operation, the pressure plate 24 may be pulled to its full extent away from the base housing 30 and then the lock plate 40 is pushed rearward to hold the roll 28 against rotation. This holds the push plate 24 stationary so that packaged articles P, such as boxes, bags and the like can be stacked onto the conveyor belt 26 or the margins 14 of the base plate 12. Then, the lock 40 is released and the pressure plate 24 engages and presses firmly against the rearmost article P. Thereafter, as each article is removed from the front of the shelf, the pressure plate 24 pushes the remaining articles in the row forward against the base housing 30 so that there is always a package visible at the front of the shelf.
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of these devices 10 of this invention may be placed on a single shelf 19, side by side. Also if desired, the articles may be separated by a divider panel 50, which is secured to the shelf 19 by means of an elongated magnet 52 carried on the bottom of the base 54.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with a preferred embodiment thereof, it is obvious that modifications and changes therein maybe made by those skilled in the art to which it pertains without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention, as defined by the claims appended hereto. | <urn:uuid:7e84a14b-4a50-44d4-b3d4-6d854d5ff377> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4729481.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00168-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943363 | 1,870 | 1.585938 | 2 |
See what questions
a doctor would ask.
Red hands (symptom description): Red hands is listed as a type of or related-symptom for symptom Hand symptoms.
Red hands (symptom description): For a medical symptom description of 'Red hands', the following symptom information may be relevant to the symptoms: Hand symptoms (type of symptom). However, note that other causes of the symptom 'Red hands' may be possible.
Research the causes of these symptoms that are more broader types of symptom than Red hands:
More information on symptom: Hand symptoms:
Research related medical symptoms or conditions such as:
Search Specialists by State and City | <urn:uuid:1c1e1491-c06b-49ff-893b-ecaaa454f728> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/symptom/red-hands.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00074-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.87175 | 136 | 1.84375 | 2 |
New to The Chantilly Academy this year, the Pharmacy Technician course has proven a huge success. All 51 students in three classes had internships with pharmacies and, at the end of their studies, they became licensed pharmacy technicians.
“IT’S AN AMAZING opportunity,” said teacher Jenny Majeske, shortly before the end of the school year. “All my students blow me out of the water on a daily basis with their knowledge of the world around them and their understanding of life and how medications affect them and their peers.”
“They’re all very driven to do well in this class and they all chose to be here,” she continued. “So there’s a big difference in the way they react to the information I present them; there’s definitely an interest.”
Majeske, 28, has been a pharmacy technician, herself, for eight years and also works in that field at Inova Alexandria Hospital, so she could share firsthand knowledge with her students. And the students obtained further experience during their own internships at local pharmacies — 48 were at CVS and three were already employed elsewhere.
Junior Emma Rixmann took the class because she plans a career in the medical field and knew this course would be a good place to start. “A lot of the medical professions don’t get a lot of pharmacology,” she said. “And we’ve also learned a lot about the laws and rules of pharmacies – which I’ve really been able to apply in my clinical internship.”
For example, she learned about the pseudo ephedrine law. “Because all the cold and cough products are behind the counter now, you have to check the patient’s ID,” she explained. “They must be over 18. You also note how much they’re buying, and they have to sign a log because of some people using ephedrine to make [crystal] meth. I also learned that narcotics have to be dispensed by a pharmacist.”
Rixmann said pharmacy technicians have to read “scripts” (prescriptions) “really carefully” and have to learn all the doctors’ symbols and abbreviations for things such as the time of day a medicine is to be administered, the quantity and how it should be given (i.e. with meals or on an empty stomach).
“WE ALSO learned about hospital pharmacies and inpatients,” she said. “[Those pharmacists] deal a lot more with intravenous and intramuscular medicines and long-term medications, rather than short-term. Infants, teens and elderly patients receive different dosages, and those pharmacists [must also consider] drug interactions because people there are very sick.”
Rixmann found it interesting because, since April 2006, she’s worked for Virginia Surgery Associates in Fair Oaks, assisting with clerical work and phones and helping the nursing office with patient records. Her pharmacy internship began in May and was with the CVS on Centreville Road in Chantilly. Students worked two-hour sessions, eight times each.
“I work in the production area, counting and labeling medications for the pharmacist to check,” she said. “Everything that goes out of the pharmacy is verified and checked by her.” Rixmann also worked the cash register in the customer-pickup area. “I’d give them their prescriptions and ask their first and last names, date of birth and address,” she said. “Then I’d verify it on the prescription bag and ask if they had any questions for the pharmacist.”
Usually, customers would ask how their new medication would interact with other drugs they’re taking, so Rixmann would consult the pharmacist. Then she’d peel off the label from the bag, place it on a special, pickup log and have the customer sign his or her name next to it, acknowledging who’d picked it up. Rixmann enjoyed her work and said things especially got busy between 5:30-7:30 p.m., during the after-work rush.
She said the hardest thing was juggling many different things at once, but “You have to be calm and multi-task and make sure you do your job. And if they eventually hire me, it’ll be a job I can do at another CVS when I go away to college.” She said CVS pharmacists Ellen Councelman and Heather Nguyen were “really nice and helpful,” even if they were busy.
Eyeing a bachelor’s in EMS (emergency medical services) and a career as a paramedic, Rixmann said her Pharmacy Technician class is valuable for anyone considering entering the medical profession.
“SOME PEOPLE think there’s lots of math and science, but we don’t focus on that because we’re not studying to be pharmacists, but pharmacists’ assistants — technicians,” she said. “It’s more practical things.”
Junior Eric Vuong took the class to see if he might like it for a career. “I learned what medicine is and does, how it affects different parts of your body and how it’s both good and bad,” he said. “And knowing abbreviations is good — I can read prescriptions now.”
He worked at the same CVS as Rixmann, usually Thursdays and Saturdays. “It really shows you the role of a pharmacist and how it’s busy, hectic and hard sometimes,” he said. “So I can see why they really need people there; it’s a good learning experience.”
Vuong counted pills and tablets, measured liquids and put them into bottles. He also typed labels and placed them on the bottles. “Finding them is hard,” he said. “They’re arranged alphabetically according to drug name, with the generic drug — which has a different name — beside it. And the shelves are organized vertically, instead of horizontally.”
He said many of the medicines have similar names, “so you have to be careful to get the right one. Vuong said the toughest part was deciphering the handwriting of some of the doctors so he could correctly type the directions for the prescription bottles. The best part was “being there and seeing how a pharmacy works. I’d like to do something related, like maybe sell pharmaceuticals for a drug company.”
Junior Jenni Hall took the class because she thought it would be interesting, and her parents want her to go into the medical field. And, she added, “My mom takes a lot of medications, and I can help her understand her prescriptions. And from the class, I’ve gotten a deeper understanding of pharmacies and what drugs do.
She was one of six students with internships at the Greenbriar CVS and usually worked Saturday afternoons. “It’s a very friendly pharmacy,” said Hall, who hoped to work there this summer, as well. “The people understand you’re new and are willing to give you time to adjust, and they explain things thoroughly.”
EVENTUALLY, she’d like to attend a medical or pre-pharmacy school — although she’s also interested in both creative writing and fashion design. And she said her class at The Chantilly Academy helped her a great deal during her orientation at CVS. And now, she said, “Whenever my parents have a question about their medications, they can ask me and I can either tell them or ask someone. There’s also a ‘Physicians’ Desk Reference’ in class — the A-Z on all medications.”
Hall said she’d recommend the Pharmacy Technician class to anyone interested in learning about drugs, the pharmaceutical field or the medical profession.
Joan Ozdogan, career-experience specialist with The Chantilly Academy, said all the young, pharmacy-tech interns received rave reviews from their employers. Said Ozdogan: "They all received outstanding ratings from the pharmacists who supervised them and were recommended them for hire."
Calling the program a "fabulous opportunity," she said there are 6,200 CVS pharmacies in the U.S., so qualified students can find one to work in, wherever they are. And once they completed the final exam for the class — which is the Virginia State Pharmacy Technician Registration Exam — they became licensed, pharmacy technicians able to work in retail pharmacies, hospitals or HMOs.
Since the academy has a formal partnership with CVS to accept its student interns, students could choose to work in the CVS closest to their homes. "We could not have had a better partner," said Ozdogan. "They've been so patient with our students and encouraged them to obtain further education to become pharmacists. And in exchange, they gained great talent from here."
Teacher Majeske, herself, will attend pharmacy school this fall at Idaho State University, and she said her experience teaching at Chantilly "definitely launched my desire to finish and get my degree. They didn't have anything like this when I was in high school; these kids are an inspiration to me."
"When they came back excited about what they learned and did on the job, it made me proud of what I've taught them and proud of them," continued Majeske. "I could see the light in their eyes and their pride in themselves and what they could do." | <urn:uuid:33348f76-b580-4dd2-bc82-ec1fba19857e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.connectionnewspapers.com/news/2007/jul/25/pharmacy-tech-at-chantilly-academy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00404-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978318 | 2,055 | 2.015625 | 2 |
In this episode I’ll:
1. Review an article about augmented renal clearance of antibiotics in critically ill patients
2. Answer the drug information question “For a patient with rash to penicillin that is 5 months s/p TAVR and has 4/4 bottles positive for gram positive cocci resembling staph, what antibiotic regimen should be used?”
3. Share a resource I use to visually show the risks and benefits of tPA use in acute ischemic stroke
Subscribe on iTunes, Android, or Stitcher
Thank you to Pharmacy Monique for sharing this article!
Authors: Athena L V Hobbs, Katherine M Shea, Kirtsen M Roberts, and Mitchell J Daley
Published in: Pharmacotherapy November 2015
Augmented renal clearance (ARC) of medications has been reported in 30–85% of patients in the intensive care unit, depending on patient specific factors.
This review article characterizes ARC in the critically ill, describes risk factors, reviews screening methods and assessment strategies, and illustrates its effect on in vivo drug concentrations and clinical outcomes.
The authors conducted a PubMed search that included all pertinent articles from January 1990 through April 2015.
The authors state:
There is a clear association between ARC and subtherapeutic antibiotic concentrations as well as literature suggesting worse clinical outcomes; thus, the risk of underdosing antibiotics in a patient with ARC could increase the risk of treatment failure.
Discussed in the article is a weighted scoring system previously published for ARC. Patients get 6 points if they are 50 years or younger, 3 points if they are admitted for trauma, and 1 point if their SOFA score is 4 or less upon ICU admission.
An ARC score >7 is associated with 100% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity for detecting ARC. This correlates with a 75% positive predictive value and a 100% negative predictive value. For more on sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of medical tests check out episode 23.
Using the ARC score, the authors of this review developed an algorithm for identification and assessment of ARC.
In critically ill patients with a serum creatinine less than 1.3 mg/dL and either an ARC score >7 or traumatic brain injury/subarachnoid hemorrhage, the authors recommend obtaining an 8 hour urine collection for creatinine clearance calculation. If the measured creatinine clearance is >130ml/min, the authors recommend using higher doses of antibiotics to account for the augmented renal clearance.
Antibiotic dose recommendations are based on pharmacodynamic dose-finding studies in patients with ARC and generally involve using higher doses and extended infusions such as:
– Piperacillin-tazobactam 4.5 g over 4 hours every 6 hours
– Meropenem 2 g over 3 hours every 8 hours
– Cefepime 2 g over 3 hours every 6 hours
For antibiotics that allow therapeutic drug monitoring such as vancomycin and aminoglycosides, the authors recommend dosing at the high end of usual dose ranges (vanco 25–30mg/kg loading dose, then 15–20 mg/kg every 8–12 hrs or gentamicin 7mg/kg/day) and adjusting as drug levels require.
Drug information question
Shout out to Nurse Practitioner Meagan for asking this excellent drug information question:
Q: For a patient with rash to penicillin that is 5 months s/p TAVR and has 4/4 bottles positive for gram positive cocci resembling staph, what antibiotic regimen should be used?
A: Vancomycin + rifampin + gentamicin
This patient met 2 of the major Duke Criteria for endocarditis:
1. Two sets of blood cultures positive with typical organisms (staph) and no other source.
2. A majority of 4 cultures positive.
A TAVR is a Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. This means we will need to cover our patient for prosthetic valve endocarditis.
As Nurse Practitioner Meagan astutely pointed out on rounds, the fact the patient had a TAVR tells us quite a bit about the patient’s baseline state of health. Patients who undergo the TAVR procedure are considered either high-risk or too sick for open heart surgery. This meant that treatment of endocarditis for this patient would likely be medical, not surgical.
There are AHA guidelines that can be used to help answer this question. For prosthetic valve endocarditis due to staph, the recommended regimen is vancomycin + rifampin + 2 weeks of gentamicin.
As Meagan & I were discussing treatment options for this patient, Infectious Disease Doctor Phil came to see the patient. He decided to delay giving rifampin/gentamicin until results of the trans-esophageal echocardiogram were available.
The resource I’m sharing for this episode is a position statement on tPA for acute ischemic stroke from the American Academy of Emergency Medicine.
On page 2 of the position statement there is a visual representation comparing usual care of acute ischemic stroke vs giving tPA within the first 3 hours per the NINDS protocol.
The colors green, red, and black are used to visually represent patients with a good outcome, poor outcome, and intracranial hemorrhage. I always use this visual aid when teaching pharmacy students and residents how to evaluate the risk vs benefit of tPA.
If you like this post, check out my book – A Pharmacist’s Guide to Inpatient Medical Emergencies: How to respond to code blue, rapid response calls, and other medical emergencies. | <urn:uuid:438503a9-e0eb-40de-aca1-8f23bac39606> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pharmacyjoe.com/augmented-renal-clearance-endocarditis-treatment-and-tpa-risk-vs-benefit/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.873015 | 1,200 | 1.921875 | 2 |
To perpetuate more than two centuries of shared ideals and friendship; to build lasting, practical working ties; and to advance solutions to problems of shared concern.
A robust transatlantic relationship is critical in today’s world. France, a European leader, provides partnership that is indispensable in pursuit of common action for stability and prosperity at home and throughout the world.
Unique among cross-cultural organizations linking France and the United States, the French-American Foundation’s programs construct a vertical line through diverse groups of leaders, policymakers and professionals from business, government, the military, media, academia, the not for profit and cultural sectors. Engagement along this axis creates an innovative intersection of ideas and experience, and promotes open minds and productive dialogue.
Since 1976, with more than 3,500 participants in more than 500 programs in areas including education; immigration; security and defense; business and the economy; energy and the environment; urban development and renewal; health care; and the role of culture, the French-American Foundation has created a rich network of people and ideas for action.
James G. Lowenstein, one of the founders of the French-American Foundation in the United States and in France noted in his early history of the institutions that in 1973,
“It seemed […] that the French could do no right as far as the majority of Senators and State Department officials were concerned. And the same antagonism pervaded the press. On the other hand, French attitudes, and often actions, appeared to be based on what seemed to Americans to be a visceral anti-Americanism…There were institutions dealing with U.S. relations with Europe as a whole, but it seemed that the French-American relationship had become a case study in mutual misperceptions and thus had a uniquely complicated if not neuralgic nature that, for better or worse, set it apart.”
And so, with James Chace and Nicholas Wahl, the idea of the French-American Foundation was conceived, and at a State Dinner on May 18, 1976 there was an exchange of toasts between the President Gerald Ford and President Valéry Giscard d’Estaing to celebrate the creation of the two sister Foundations in New York and in Paris.
Unique among cross-cultural organizations linking France and the United States, for forty years the French-American Foundation’s programs have constructed a vertical path through diverse groups from business, government, the military, media, academia, the not for profit and cultural sectors bringing varied professional viewpoints to bear upon topics of common interest or concern.
The Foundation’s non-partisan programs are designed to achieve a multiplier effect – leverage among leaders.
By engaging and activating a broad range of decision makers and opinion shapers in both countries, the Foundation has reached, influenced, and positively impacted many times the number of people, in many times the number of environments, as have simply participated in its activities.
Programs take place in both countries so that the vital dimension of working contact with another culture is added to substantive issues.
Moreover, the Foundation’s special emphasis on the coming generation of leaders in both France and the United States, the “threshold” people, insures that the results of its efforts will be long lasting.
Since 1976, the French-American Foundation has implemented more than 500 programs including conferences, study tours, symposia, meetings, internships and residences, fellowships, lectures and awards.
More than 3,500 people from the United States and France have participated directly in these programs – including presidents and vice presidents, governors, ministers, key government officials and diplomats, military and corporate leaders and industry experts, distinguished academics and teachers, laureates, celebrated authors, artistic luminaries, and groundbreakers and problem solvers from public and private sectors alike – informing the debate and seeking solutions for the benefit of all citizens. | <urn:uuid:9caac25d-c726-4de7-9684-fe01d4bb5b96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://frenchamerican.org/about/mission/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.954658 | 810 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Meaning of various names
Mu' meneen Brothers and Sisters,
As Salaam Aleikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh. (May Allah's Peace, Mercy and Blessings be upon all of you)
One of our brothers/sisters has asked this question:
could you pls. give the meanings of the following names. and pls. let me know whether they are arabic islamic names. your prompt reply will be appreciated.
may Allah bless you and your team.
(There may be some grammatical and spelling errors in the above statement. The forum does not change anything from questions, comments and statements received from our readers for circulation in confidentiality.)
Meaning of various names
In the name of Allah, We praise Him, seek His help and ask for His forgiveness. Whoever Allah guides none can misguide, and whoever He allows to fall astray, none can guide them aright. We bear witness that there is no one (no idol, no person, no grave, no prophet, no imam, no dai, nobody!) worthy of worship but Allah Alone, and we bear witness that Muhammad (saws) is His slave-servant and the seal of His Messengers.
Your Question: could you pls. give the meanings of the following names.
TARIQ: would literally mean the morning star and was the name of a companion of the Prophet (saws).
HAFIZ: would mean a keeper, guardian, or caretaker.
THAQIB: would mean something sharp (mind, eyes, etc.), sharp-witted, sagacious, or penetrating.
QADIR: would mean ‘able’.
NASIR: would mean helper, supporter, defender, protector, ally, or confiderate.
YAHYA: would literally mean ‘he will live’.
IBRAHIM: would literally mean an ‘affectionate father’.
MUSA: would literally mean one who has been rescued from the water.
EMAD: would mean support, pillar, or confidence.
AKHRAM: would mean ‘more generous’.
SAMRANA: although there is no meaning for ‘Samrana’, the term ‘Samra’ would mean brown or brown-skinned.
NAEEMAH: would mean comfort, amenity, ease, happiness, gentle, soft or peaceful.
QUBRA: would mean ‘greater’
AALIA: would mean high, lofty, exalted, sublime, or high-standing.
AAFIA: would mean health or vigor.
SAANA: would mean brilliance, radiance, exaltedness, majestic, or high.
All of the above (except ‘Samrana’) are Arabic terms and acceptable names in Islam; and because ‘Al-Qadir’ is one of the Noble and Exclusive Names of Allah Subhanah, one should not name anyone in creation ‘Qadir’ but rather should name the child ‘Abdul-Qadir’ meaning ‘slave-servant of The Qadir’.
Whatever written of Truth and benefit is only due to Allah’s Assistance and Guidance, and whatever of error is of me alone. Allah Alone Knows Best and He is the Only Source of Strength.
Your brother and well wisher in Islam, | <urn:uuid:9dd526e1-dcb7-4a56-8d54-d794776df132> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.islamhelpline.net/answer/3219/meaning-of-various-names | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.924021 | 771 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Explore our frequently asked questions below and get the information you need to find timely treatment for aortic stenosis.
What is heart valve disease?
What is aortic stenosis?
What causes aortic stenosis?
What is severe aortic stenosis?
What is severe symptomatic aortic stenosis?
What are the symptoms of severe aortic stenosis?
How serious is severe aortic stenosis (also known as severe aortic valve stenosis)?
How is aortic stenosis diagnosed?
What are the treatment options for aortic stenosis?
What is TAVI (transcatheter aortic valve implantation)?
What are the different approaches used to perform TAVI?
How could I benefit from a transcatheter valve implantation?
How long is the TAVI procedure?
How long does a transcatheter heart valve last?
What is TAVR, and is it different from TAVI?
How long have TAVI procedures been performed?
Are there different types of transcatheter heart valves and can I ask for a specific valve?
What are the potential risks or complications of TAVI?
How do I know if TAVI is right for me?
What tests will my doctor perform to determine if TAVI is right for me?
What is the process for a TAVI evaluation?
What is a Heart Team?
What should I expect directly after my TAVI procedure?
What does life after TAVI look like?
What is open heart surgery?
How is open heart surgery performed?
How long does it take to recover from open heart surgery?
What are the potential risks or complications of open heart surgery?
Are there resources available to better understand aortic stenosis and treatment options? | <urn:uuid:aa6afa2f-3ad7-42a9-bc6b-466965814ad7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newheartvalve.com/ca-en/tools-and-support/faqs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.900303 | 387 | 2.265625 | 2 |
The more I study and understand science fiction, the more I realize that the genre is simultaneously limitless and limited. While most consumers of popular fiction and films are quick to say "science fiction is spaceships and aliens," I find such gross determinations to be overly simplistic and impossible to equate with a standard definition of the genre. Anyone familiar with science fiction would understand that spaceships and aliens are not universals of the genre. True, much of early science fiction literature and the vast majority of science fiction film have dealt quite exclusively with what are considered to be the "tropes" (and cliches) of the genre, but science fiction is, undoubtedly, about so much more.
In getting to the end of this post, I have to indicate that I probably have shifted my position from earlier discussions of what science fiction is. I still hold to certain idealistic perceptions of the genre, and while Darko Suvin, Samuel R. Delany, and even Istvan Csicsery-Ronay, Jr. have all used relatively isolated definitions of the genre, we must define science fiction by what it is universally; there cannot, in my opinion, be exceptions to the rule. What defines science fiction, to me, are these elements, placed together and never separate:
- The presence of the future, whether it be tomorrow or a thousand years distant, or, at least a progression into the future within the narrative itself. The future is absolutely essential to any proper definition of science fiction. Some have argued with me, in the past, that this would inevitably create a paradoxical relationship with narratives dealing with the past, but I would argue that only those narratives which contain primary characters from a future point can be up for true consideration in the genre. Alternate history, thus, is not science fiction, but The Time Machine and Back to the Future are, up to this point.
- A general reflection or speculation upon aspects of the technological or social, in their most broadest contexts. Science fiction contains the word "science" for a reason. It is not necessary, per se, for a science fiction narrative to get the science absolutely correct, but it is necessary for the narrative to speculate upon the possibilities of technologies, social structures, etc. Most any field of science is applicable to science fiction, and you could certainly write a science fiction narrative that questions issues of archaeology or paleontology, etc. It should be noted, too, that the science, whatever field it may be, does not necessarily have to be central to the story itself; hence why many science fiction stories may set themselves up in universes or worlds vastly different from our own, but yet are more concerned with issues of character or plot. Having said this, though, I want to be clear that a scientific approach (or cognitive estrangement, if you will) to envisioning science fiction is essential; you might not make a laser pistol a significant concern for the characters (such as by asking how the laser pistol has changed the face of the world), but it still must be there (and you can, of course, supplement the laser pistol for any scientific subject, so long as it is sufficiently estranged from the present to speak upon Suvin's "cognitive estrangement" concept).
Additional qualifiers for this subject include:
- The acknowledgement of temporal placement of the narrative from the author's perspective (i.e. when it was written). While the science should, for all intensive purposes, be correct, even theoretically, some leeway must be given to texts which precede current science. Hence why The Time Machine is still considered a work of science fiction despite new scientific research which has largely proven the subject of time travel, at least via H. G. Wells' vision.
- A general displacement of Clarke's Third Law (i.e. that any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic). If it's indistinguishable from magic, it is magic, and any discussion otherwise is fairly pointless.
- A discussion, whether directly or otherwise, of the human condition. This is not to say that every science fiction narrative must be aware or obsessed with humanity, but such narratives must be aware of a human, or even inhuman, concern with the wider world/universe/etc.
But, since this is in response to a question give to me by a reader, I should indicate that my definition/conception of science fiction is by far not the most readily accepted one. Typically, one looks to the genre for its cliches, and those happen to be spaceships, lasers, and other flashy things. Even serious science fiction uses these things, from time to time.
To close this discussion, I'll leave you with a word of advice: don't worry too much about what science fiction actually is. Because the genre is not so easily defined, by anyone, it doesn't really matter whether you use elements that are not necessarily science fiction by my account or anyone else's. Star Wars will probably always be known as science fiction, no matter how hard anyone tries to push it into the science fantasy category.
What are you thoughts on defining science fiction? Let me know in the comments.
If you have a question about science fiction, fantasy, writing, or anything related you'd like answered here, whether silly or serious, feel free to send it via email to arconna[at]yahoo[dot]com, tweet it via Twitter to @shaunduke, or leave it in the comments here. Questions are always welcome! If you liked this post, consider stumbling, digging, or linking to it! | <urn:uuid:00ecc61b-5903-440e-af13-7e184bc9dd4d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wisb.blogspot.com/2009/07/reader-question-science-fiction_13.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93681 | 1,140 | 2.25 | 2 |
he AHK Kundu Villas, a collection of homes by GAD Architecture, has recently been shortlisted for the World Architecture Festival (WAF) for Future Residential projects. The project, comprising 17 large, 56 medium and 50 small housing units, is sited next to a tourism zone in Antalaya on the Mediterranean coast of southwestern Turkey. Designed with sustainability in mind, the project makes use of resources available on the site. The houses themselves use local materials and textures, incorporating stone andtimber with subtle textures to create a tone of elegance and warmth. The master-plan places homes in a north-south orientation, using photovoltaic panels to produce energy. Facade and roof openings take advantage of natural ventilation and daylight. An exteriortimber cladding regulates temperature, and defines the boundaries of each home. Green space at the ground level stimulates social interaction and allows free circulation. Each home has access to a car park. Each house has three floors. The first includes a pool and terrace; living, dining, guest and store rooms; and a kitchen, greenhouse and toilet. The second floor contains bedrooms with private bathrooms, and a working area connected to a galley. Finally, a basement floor includes a fitness area, sauna, hobby room and servant/storage rooms. With the use of an inner courtyard, the basement is given access to natural daylight, without compromising privacy. | <urn:uuid:664e32c4-f10d-4939-ac68-fc9ef3b9af32> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.gadarchitecture.com/en/archdaily | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00049-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908765 | 286 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia
The English used in this article or section may not be easy for everybody to understand. (August 2016)
|Nicholas Romanovich Romanov|
|Prince of Russia|
|Head of the House of Romanov (disputed)|
|Time||21 April 1992 – 15 September 2014|
|Predecessor||Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich|
|Successor||Prince Dimitri Romanovich|
|Born||26 September 1922 (O.S. 13 September 1922)|
|Died||15 September 2014 (aged 91)|
|Spouse||Countess Sveva della Gherardesca|
|Issue||Princess Natalia Nikolaevna|
Princess Elizabeth Nikolaevna
Princess Tatiana Nikolaevna
|House||House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov|
|Father||Prince Roman Petrovich of Russia|
|Mother||Countess Praskovia Dmitrievna Sheremeteva|
Nicholas Romanovich Romanov, Prince of Russia (Russian: Николай Романович Романов; 26 September 1922 – 15 September 2014) was a claimant to the headship of the House of Romanov and President of the Romanov Family Association.
Although he is related to the Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, his claimed titles and official membership in the former Imperial House are disputed by those who maintain that his parents' marriage violated the laws of Imperial Russia.
Ancestry[change | change source]
|Ancestors of Prince Nicholas Romanovich of Russia|
||style=font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%;||border=1||boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0;||boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;||boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;||boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;||boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;||boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;||1=1. Nicholas Romanovich, Prince of Russia||2=2. Prince Roman Petrovich of Russia||3=3. Countess Praskovia Dmitrievna Sheremeteva||4=4. Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia||5=5. Princess Milica of Montenegro||6=6. Count Dmitri Sergeievich Sheremetev||7=7. Countess Irina Illarionovna Vorontsov-Dashkov||8=8. Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia||9=9. Duchess Alexandra of Oldenburg||10=10. King Nicholas I of Montenegro||11=11. Milena Vukotić||12=12. Count Sergei Dmitrievich Sheremetev||13=13. Princess Ekaterina Pavlovna Vyazemskaya||14=14. Count Illarion Ivanovich Vorontsov-Dashkov||15=15. Countess Elizabeth Andreevna Shuvalov||16=16. Tsar Nicholas I of Russia||17=17. Princess Charlotte of Prussia||18=18. Duke Peter of Oldenburg||19=19. Princess Therese of Nassau-Weilburg||20=20. Mirko Petrović-Njegoš||21=21. Anastasija Martinović||22=22. Voivode Petar Vukotić||23=23. Jelena Voivodić||24=24. Count Dmitri Nikolaevich Sheremetev||25=25. Anna Sergeievna Sheremeteva||26=26. Prince Pavel Petrovich Vyazemsky||27=27. Maria Arkadyevna Stolypina||28= 28. Count Ivan Illarionovich Vorontsov-Dashkov||29= 29. Aleksandra Kirillovna Naryshkina||30= 30. Count Andrei Pavlovich Shuvalov||31= 31. Sofia Mikhailovna Vorontsova
References[change | change source]
- Brozan, Nadine. (1995) Chronicle
- "Nikolai Romanov Prince of Russia Presentation". nikolairomanov.com. 26 September 2002. Archived from the original on 17 June 2008. Retrieved 22 July 2008.
- Broek, Pieter (1994) "A Genealogy of The Romanov Dynasty, The Imperial House of Russia, 1825-1994" Noble House Publications
- "Statement by Nicholai Romanov, Russian Prince". Spbnews. 4 July 1998. Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 22 July 2008.
- Massie, ch. 19: "The Romanov Emigres," esp. pp. 264-265 (Russian Law of Succession) and pp. 274-275. | <urn:uuid:4fbb504c-2b2f-4b68-9993-395265db035a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Romanov,_Prince_of_Russia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.684988 | 1,093 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Carlisle in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
Erected 1949 by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.
Topics and series. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers • War, US Revolutionary. In addition, it is included in the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission series list. A significant historical year for this entry is 1764.
Location. 40° 12.108′ N, 77° 11.533′ W. Marker is in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in Cumberland County. Marker is on High Street (U.S. 11), on the right when traveling west. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 121 W High Street, Carlisle PA 17013, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. The Fighting Butlers (a few steps from this marker); The High Street Train Stations (within shouting distance of this marker); James Wilson (within shouting distance of this marker); Cumberland County Historical Society & Hamilton Library Association (within shouting distance of this marker); Hot-Chee Dogs (within shouting distance of this marker); Centenary Building (about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); Carlisle's 250th Anniversary Mural (about 300 feet away); Shell and Be Damned (about 300 feet away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Carlisle.
Credits. This page was last revised on May 28, 2022. It was originally submitted on February 12, 2009, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. This page has been viewed 1,108 times since then and 59 times this year. Photos: 1. submitted on December 19, 2021, by Shane Oliver of Richmond, Virginia. 2. submitted on February 12, 2009, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. 3. submitted on August 21, 2010, by Bill Coughlin of Woodland Park, New Jersey. 4. submitted on May 23, 2022, by Shane Oliver of Richmond, Virginia. • Kevin W. was the editor who published this page. | <urn:uuid:76305105-611b-4182-bbbe-3beb28bd470a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=16071 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.929566 | 462 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Early Church Fathers
John i. 18.-"No man hath seen God at any time; the Only-begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, He hath declared Him."
[1.] God will not have us listen to the words and sentences contained in the Scriptures carelessly, but with much attention. This is why the blessed David hath prefixed in many places to his Psalms the title "for understanding,"1 and hath said, "Open Thou mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of Thy Law." (Ps. xxxii. 42, &c.; Ps. cxix. 18.) And after him his son again shows that we ought to "seek out wisdom as silver,2 and to make merchandise of her rather than of gold." (Prov. ii. 4 and iii. 14 [partially quoted]; John v. 39.) And the Lord when He exhorts the Jews to "search the Scriptures," the more urges us to the enquiry, for He would not thus have spoken if it were possible to comprehend them immediately at the first reading. No one would ever search for what is obvious and at hand, but for that which is wrapt in shadow, and which must be found after much enquiry; and so to arouse us to the search He calls them "hidden treasure." (Prov. ii. 4; Matt. xiii. 44.) These words are said to us that we may not apply ourselves to the words of the Scriptures carelessly or in a chance way, but with great exactness. For if any one listen to what is said in them without enquiring into the meaning, and receive all so as it is spoken, according to the letter, he will suppose many unseemly things of God, will admit of Him that He is a man, that He is made of brass, is wrathful, is furious, and many opinions yet worse than these. But if he fully learn the sense that lies beneath, he will be freed from all this unseemliness. (Rev. i. 15.) The very text which now lies before us says, that God has a bosom, a thing proper to bodily substances, yet no one is so insane as to imagine, that He who is without body is a body. In order then that we may properly interpret the entire passage according to its spiritual meaning, let us search it through from its beginning.
"No man hath seen God at any time." By what connection of thought does the Apostle come to say this? After showing the exceeding greatness of the gifts of Christ, and the infinite difference between them and those ministered by Moses, he would add the reasonable cause of the difference. Moses, as being a servant, was minister of lower things, but Christ being Lord and King, and the King's Son, brought to us things far greater, being ever with the Father, and beholding Him continually; wherefore He saith, "No man hath seen God at any time." What then shall we answer to the most mighty of voice, Esaias, when he says, "I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne high and lifted up" (Isa. vi. 1); and to John himself testifying of Him, that "he said these things when he had seen His glory"? (c. xii. 41.) What also to Ezekiel? for he too beheld Him sitting above the Cherubim. (Ezek. i. and x.) What to Daniel? for he too saith, "The Ancient of days did sit" (Dan. vii. 9.) What to Moses himself, saying, "Show me Thy Glory, that I may see Thee so as to know Thee." (Ex. xxxiii. 13, Ex. xxxiii 13 partly from LXX.) And Jacob took his name from this very thing, being called3 "Israel"; for Israel is "one that sees God."4 And others have seen him. How then saith John, "No man hath seen God at any time"? It is to declare, that all these were instances of (His) condescension, not the vision of the Essence itself unveiled. For had they seen the very Nature, they would not have beheld It under different forms, since that is simple, without form, or parts, or bounding lines. It sits not, nor stands, nor walks: these things belong all to bodies. But how He Is, He only knoweth. And this He hath declared by a certain prophet, saying, "I have multiplied visions, and used similitudes5 by the hands of the prophets" (Hos. xii. 10), that is, "I have condescended, I have not appeared as I really was." For since His Son was about to appear in very flesh, He prepared them from old time to behold the substance of God, as far as it was possible for them to see It; but what God really is, not only have not the prophets seen, but not even angels nor archangels. If you ask them, you shall not hear them answering anything concerning His Essence, but sending up,6 "Glory to God in the Highest, on earth peace, good will towards men." (Luke ii. 14.) If you desire to learn something from Cherubim or Seraphim, you shall hear the mystic song of His Holiness, and that "heaven and earth are full of His glory." (Isa. vi. 3.) If you enquire of the higher powers, you shall but find7 that their one work is the praise of God. "Praise ye Him," saith David, "all His hosts." (Ps. cxlviii. 2.) But the Son only Beholds Him, and the Holy Ghost. How can any created nature even see the Uncreated? If we are absolutely unable clearly to discern any incorporeal power whatsoever, even though created, as has been often proved in the case of angels, much less can we discern the Essence which is incorporeal and uncreated. Wherefore Paul saith, "Whom no man hath seen, nor can see." (1 Tim. vi. 16.) Does then this special attribute8 belong to the Father only, not to the Son? Away with the thought. It belongs also to the Son; and to show that it does so, hear Paul declaring this point, and saying, that He "is the Image of the invisible God." (Col. i. 15.) Now if He be the Image of the Invisible, He must be invisible Himself, for otherwise He would not be an "image." And wonder not that Paul saith in another place, "God was manifested in the Flesh" (1 Tim. iii. 16); because the manifestation9 took place by means of the flesh, not according to (His) Essence. Besides, Paul shows that He is invisible, not only to men, but also to the powers above, for after saying, "was manifested in the Flesh," he adds, "was seen of angels."
[2.] So that even to angels He then became visible, when He put on the Flesh; but before that time they did not so behold Him, because even to them His Essence was invisible.
"How then," asks some one, "did Christ say, `Despise not one of these little ones, for I tell you, that their angels do always behold the face of My Father which is in heaven'? (Matt. xviii. 10.) Hath then God a face, and is He bounded by the heavens?" Who so mad as to assert this? What then is the meaning of the words? As when He saith, "Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God" (Matt. v. 8), He means that intellectual vision which is possible to us, and the having God in the thoughts; so in the case of angels, we must understand10 that by reason of their pure and sleepless11 nature they do nothing else, but always image to themselves God. And therefore Christ saith, that "No man knoweth the Father, save the Son." (Matt. x. 27.) What then, are we all in ignorance? God forbid; but none knoweth Him as the Son knoweth Him. As then many12 have seen Him in the mode of vision permitted to them, but no one has beheld His Essence, so many of us know God, but what His substance can be none knoweth, save only He that was begotten of Him. For by "knowledge" He here means an exact idea and comprehension, such as the Father hath of the Son. "As the Father knoweth Me, even so know I the Father." (c. x. 15.)
Observe, therefore, with what fullness13 the Evangelist speaks; for having said that "no man hath seen God at any time," he does not go on to say, "that the Son who hath seen, hath declared Him," but adds something beyond "seeing" by the words, "Who is in the bosom of the Father"; because, "to dwell14 in the bosom" is far more than "to see." For he that merely "seeth" hath not an in every way exact knowledge of the object, but he that "dwelleth in the bosom" can be ignorant of nothing. Now lest when thou hearest that "none knoweth the Father, save the Son," thou shouldest assert that although He knoweth the Father more than all, yet He knoweth not how great He is, the Evangelist says that He dwells in the bosom of the Father; and Christ Himself declares, that He knoweth Him as much as the Father knoweth the Son. Ask therefore the gainsayer, "Tell me, doth the Father know the Son?" And if he be not mad, he will certainly answer "Yes." Then ask again; "Doth He see and know Him with exact vision and knowledge? Doth He know clearly what He Is?" He will certainly confess this also. From this next collect the exact comprehension the Son has of the Father. For He saith, "As the Father knoweth me, even sO know I the Father" (c. x. 15); and in another place, "Not that any man hath seen the Father, save He which is of God." (c. vi. 46.) Wherefore, as I said, the Evangelist mentions "the bosom," to show all this to us by that one word; that great is the affinity and nearness of the Essence, that the knowledge is nowise different, that the power is equal. For the Father would not have in His bosom one of another essence, nor would He have dared, had He been one amongst many servants, to live15 in the bosom of his Lord, for this belongs only to a true Son, to one who has16 much confidence towards His Father, and who is in nothing inferior to Him.
Wouldest thou learn also His eternity? Hear what Moses saith concerning the Father. When he asked what he was commanded to answer should the Jews enquire of him, "Who it was that had sent him," he heard these words: "Say, I AM hath sent me." (Ex. iii. 14.) Now the expression "I AM,"17 is significative of Being ever, and Being without beginning, of Being really and absolutely. And this also the expression, "Was in the beginning," declares, being indicative of Being ever; so that John uses this word to show that the Son Is from everlasting to everlasting18 in the bosom of the Father. For that you may not from the sameness of name, suppose that He is some one of those who are made sons by grace, first, the article is added, distinguishing Him from those by grace. But if this does not content you, if you still look earthwards, hear a name more absolute than this, "Only-Begotten." If even after this you still look below, "I will not refuse," says he, (St. John,) "to apply to God a term belonging to man, I mean the word `bosom,' only suspect nothing degrading." Dost thou see the lovingkindness and carefulness of the Lord? God applies19 to Himself unworthy expressions, that even so thou mayest see through them, and have some great and lofty thought of Him; and dost thou tarry below? For tell me, wherefore is that gross and carnal word "bosom" employed in this place? Is it that we may suppose God to be a body? Away, he by no means saith so. Why then is it spoken? for if by it neither the genuineness of the Son is established, nor that God is not a body, the word, because it serves no purpose, is superfluously thrown in. Why then is it spoken? For I shall not desist from asking thee this question. Is it not very plain, that it is for no other reason but that by it we might understand the genuineness of the Only-Begotten, and His Co-eternity with the Father?
[3.] "He hath declared Him," saith John. What hath he declared? That "no man hath seen God at any time"? That "God is one"? But this all the other prophets testify, and Moses continually20 exclaims, "The Lord thy God is one Lord" (Deut. vi. 4); and Esaias, "Before Me there was no God formed, neither shall there be after me." (Isa. xliii. 10.) What more then have we learned from "the Son which is in the bosom of the Father"? What from "the Only-Begotten"? In the first place, these very words were uttered by His working; in the next place, we have received a teaching that is far clearer, and learned that "God is a spirit, and they that worship Him must worship Him in spirit and in truth" (c. iv. 24); and again, that it is impossible to see God; "that no man knoweth" Him, "save the Son" (Matt. xi. 27); that He is the Father of the true and Only-Begotten; and all other things that are told us of Him. But the word "hath declared"21 shows the plainer and clearer teaching which He gave not to the Jews only but to all the world, and established. To the prophets not even all the Jews gave heed, but to the Only-Begotten Son of God all the world yielded and obeyed. So the "declaration" in this place shows the greater clearness of His teaching, and therefore also He is called "Word," and "Angel22 of great Counsel."23
Since then we have been vouchsafed a larger and more perfect teaching, God having no longer spoken by the prophets, but "having in these last days spoken to us by His Son" (Heb. i. 1), let us show forth a conversation far higher than theirs, and suitable to the honor bestowed on us. Strange would it be that He should have so far lowered Himself, as to choose to speak to us no longer by His servants, but by His own mouth, and yet we should show forth nothing more than those of old. They had Moses for their teacher, we, Moses' Lord. Let us then exhibit a heavenly wisdom24 worthy of this honor, and let us have nothing to do with earth. It was for this that He brought His teaching from heaven above, that He might remove our thoughts thither, that we might be imitators of our Teacher according to our power. But how may we become imitators of Christ? By acting in everything for the common good, and not merely seeking our own. "For even Christ," saith Paul, "pleased not Himself, but as it is written, The reproaches of them that reproached Thee fell on Me." (Rom. xv. 3; Ps. lxix. 9.) Let no one therefore seek his own. In truth, a man (really) seeks his own good when he looks to that of his neighbor. What is their good is ours; we are one body, and parts and limbs one of another. Let us not then be as though we were rent asunder. Let no one say, "such a person is no friend of mine, nor relation, nor neighbor, I have nought to do with him, how shall I approach, how address him?" Though he be neither relation nor friend, yet he is a man, who shares the same nature with thee, owns the same Lord, is thy fellow-servant, and fellow-sojourner,25 for he is born in the same world. And if besides he partakes of the same faith, behold he hath also become a member of thee: for what friendship could work such union, as the relationship of faith? And our intimacy one with another must not be such nearness only as friends ought to show to friends, but such as is between limb and limb, because no man can possibly discover any intimacy greater than this sort of friendship and fellowship.26 As then you cannot say, "Whence arises my intimacy and connection with this limb?" (that would be ridiculous;) so neither can you say so in the case of your brother. "We are all baptized into one body" (1 Cor. xii. 13), saith Paul. "Wherefore into one body?" That we be not rent asunder, but preserve the just proportions of that one body by our intercourse and friendship one with another.
Let us not then despise one another, lest we be neglectful of ourselves.27 "For no man ever yet hated his own flesh, but nourisheth and cherisheth it." (Eph. v. 29.) And therefore God hath given to us but one habitation, this earth, hath distributed all things equally, hath lighted one sun for us all, hath spread above us one roof, the sky, made one table, the earth, bear28 food for us. And another table hath He given far better than this, yet that too is one, (those who share our mysteries understand my words,) one manner of birth He hath bestowed on all, the spiritual, we all have one country, that in the heavens, of the same cup drink we all. He hath not bestowed on the rich man a gift more abundant and more honorable, and on the poor one more mean and small, but He hath called all alike. He hath given carnal things with equal regard to all,29 and spiritual in like manner. Whence then proceeds the great inequality of conditions in life? From the avarice and pride of the wealthy. But let not, brethren, let not this any longer be; and when matters of universal interest and more pressing necessity bring us together, let us not be divided by things earthly and insignificant: I mean, by wealth and poverty, by bodily relationship, by enmity and friendship; for all these things are a shadow, nay less substantial than a shadow, to those who possess the bond of charity from above. Let us then preserve this unbroken, and none of those evil spirits30 will be able to enter in, who cause division in so perfect union;31 to which may we all attain by the grace and lovingkindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom and with whom, to the Father and the Holy Ghost, be glory, now and ever, and world without end. Amen. | <urn:uuid:954b3318-285b-4d3c-90e8-4757abc481ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bible.ca/history/fathers/NPNF1-14/npnf1-14-19.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971249 | 4,059 | 2.4375 | 2 |
See Press Release Recent years have seen exponential growth in the amount of data being generated and stored around the world. There is increasing recognition that this data can play a key role in solving some of the most difficult public problems we face. However, much of the potentially useful data is currently privately held and […]
Curated by Robert Montano, Prianka Srinivasan, Stefaan Verhulst and Andrew Young It’s the season of predictions. As we usher in the new year, what will 2017 or 2070 be like? In our on-going attempt to identify the signal in the noise, we reviewed many annual forecasts and selected some of the most relevant to governance innovation. […]
Case Studies on Open Data for Developing Economies Now Open for Review – Calling Experts on Cambodia, Ghana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Paraguay and Uganda
Today, the GovLab is opening for peer review the remaining draft case studies from the Open Data for Developing Economies project, a collaboration with USAID, FHI 360’s Mobile Solutions Technical Assistance and Research (mSTAR) and the Web Foundation. The seven case studies being made available today follow the opening of the project’s final report and […]
The Open Governance Research Exchange (OGRX) is a platform that seeks to identify, collect and share curated insights on new ways of solving public problems. It was created last year by the GovLab, World Bank Digital Engagement Evaluation Team and mySociety. Today, while more than 3000 representatives from more than 70 countries are gathering in Paris […]
Do You Know about Open Data in Burundi, Colombia, Nepal, South Africa or Tanzania; Or Want to Learn More? Sign up NOW!
Continuing the GovLab’s practice of seeking broad input on our work prior to formal publication, we are today opening the first batch of case studies from the Open Data for Developing Economies project for peer review. These case studies were developed in collaboration with USAID, FHI 360’s Mobile Solutions Technical Assistance and Research (mSTAR) and […]
Beth Noveck in the Guardian: “We lack public institutions – a participatory bureaucracy and open parliamentary processes – that know how to tap into the collective intelligence of our communities, and draw power from the participation of the many, rather than the few. It is the absence of these open institutions, and the resulting failure […]
Much of our work at the GovLab is premised on the idea that expertise is diffused throughout society, and when demands are matched by often-untapped expertise outcomes can be improved. It’s with that hypothesis in mind that we look to open the peer review process of our research, rather than relying on a ‘usual suspect’ […]
Stefaan G. Verhulst in The Conversation Global and at TedX MidAtlantic: “…What is less discussed, however, is that most data remains locked up and proprietary, the private property of companies, governments and other organisations. This limits its public benefits. Data responsibility can help organisations break down these private barriers and share their proprietary data for the public […]
Making Open Data more evidence-based: Toward a user-centric and interdisciplinary research agenda to advance open data.
Reposted from IODC2016 (Spanish version) – by Stefaan G. Verhulst and Danny Lämmerhirt Key take-aways from the Measurement Action Track at IODC 2016 During the IODC 2016, the “Action Track: Measurement and Increasing Impact” sought to review the need and role of research for (scaling) open data practice and policy. The track was informed by the […] | <urn:uuid:32d128b1-e3ff-42b5-89fd-db59927db73f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://thegovlab.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280899.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00576-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923714 | 761 | 1.726563 | 2 |
The problem of life is called sin. Sin is what separates you from God. But there's good news!
Everybody likes good news! News like, you got a raise, or your medical tests came back and you're healthy as a horse. But sometimes the news is not so great. Instead of a raise you just got laid off, or your medical tests say you have cancer. That's bad news! But, it could just be a temporary setback. Maybe you'll end up actually getting a better job, or a new drug will give you a new lease on life.
So maybe that bad news was just temporary. The Bad News I'm talking about is not temporary; it's Eternal. The Bad News is that we have all sinned and fallen short of the Glory of God (Romans 3:23). The Super Bad News is that Romans 6:23 says, "The wages of sin is death." That's eternal death.
The Good News is that verse has a part B: "But the free Gift of God is Eternal Life through faith in Jesus Christ."
The actual definition of the word GOSPEL is "Good News." But it's not just any Good News...it's the Best News Ever! | <urn:uuid:f484ca9f-1784-480f-9eb1-d64f9c35f4fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://best-news-ever.com/the-problem-of-life/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.962681 | 251 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Cultural Miseducation: Knowledge, Power and Ethnic Studies
This summer, Tucson students, educators, and activist did something rebellious: they celebrated books. These weren’t just any books, of course. They were the books that had been deemed contraband by school authorities, vilified as tools of a curriculum that promotes ethnic hatred. In other words, they were works like Rethinking Columbus: The Next 500 Years, Mexican White Boy, the play Zoot Suit, and Like Water for Chocolate. Texts that aim to foster critical thinking, political curiosity, and other dangerous behaviors.
The idea that these books are “subversive” was a pretext for a crackdown on Mexican American studies in Tucson. And once the controversy was broadcast across the country, Americans of all backgrounds saw exactly what these programs threatened: an ossified conservative establishment that masks social control as education.
But the school authorities probably weren’t just annoyed that the books contained radical messages. It was who was reading them that was really troubling: it was Latino youth learning about the conflicts and cultural survival that have carried through history. This has triggered an official campaign of oppression, involving a state-led McCarthyesque investigation. This set off a wave of resistance through legal challenges and grassroots protests using creativity and humor, culminating in the youth-led Freedom Summer.
Oddly, this culture clash coincides with a trend in education at all levels towards “multiculturalism” and “diversity.” This dissonance–studying ethnicity from a distance, versus critically thinking about ethnicity in our own lives–strikes at the heart of the paradox of diversity in public education. Its value is always measured in its benefits for the dominant culture, the one needing to be diversified. For those doing the diversifying, people and communities are subordinated to the objectification of difference. Culture is commodified in the classroom as it is in fashion, food, and music. American Apparel looks good on Latino farmworkers in an ad; but that farmworker’s family doesn’t look so good when they move next door. The genre of “world music” becomes an arena for consumption of exotic sounds, but the indigenous artists don’t see, possibly don’t comprehend, the popularity of their product.
Educational programs sometimes reflect this historically entrenched pattern of simultaneously celebrating and marginalizing the Other. This generally takes a more humane and well-intentioned format than Cowboy-and-Indian flicks–certainly, diversity initiatives in public schools stem from some educators’ genuine desire to broaden students’ minds. But there is still a fine borderline between embracing difference and pushing the Other to the segregated cultural margins.
So while Mexican American studies is demonized in Tucson, the idea of diversity and cosmopolitanism is vaunted, at least on paper, according to the guidelines for high school social studies curricula:
This course focuses on the study of world cultures through an examination of different peoples, their history and environment. Students will analyze how political, cultural, religious, and social beliefs interact to shape patterns of human populations, inter-dependence, cooperation, and conflict.
And outside Tucson, learning about “non-Western” cultures and societies is a standard component of many K-12 curricula, and some schools go even further. In New York, a Chinese language academy has been hailed as a bastion of multicultural learning that can help students become “globally competitive.”
But there are limits to diversity. When an Arabic-themed public school, the Khalil Gibran International Academy, opened a few years ago, catering to families of all backgrounds, a massive nationwide backlash erupted, with right-wing activists decrying the school as an indoctrination zone for jihadis in training. The smear campaign did not prompt the media or officials to rally in defense of the school community against racist attacks. Instead, the principal was forced to resign amid political pressure–not because the opposition represented widespread public concern about KGIA, but because a paranoid fringe simply shouted loud enough.
Skewed perspectives on diversity color the institutional culture of schools. Foreign languages are treated as an academic asset, but excessive foreign-ness, among poor people of color, is shunned. There’s a trend of establishing culturally centered charter schools, like a proposed bilingual Chinese immersion school (complete with a martial arts curriculum)–to encourage a more transnational and ”holistic” experience. Yet school systems systematically limit the prospects of students who are labeled “English language learners,” treating them as a educationally stunted, though they’re gifted with the languages that make native-born children fumble. A student’s experience with a study abroad program is considered a prized credential on a college application, but if you’ve come from abroad, even if you navigate fluently between two cultural spheres, your duality renders you suspect–possibly in danger of “removal” if your cultural border-crossing is not government-authorized.
The lesson here is that even in an era when we’re encouraged to learn about and appreciate cultural difference, officialdom’s acceptance of actual diversity hinges on who is doing the teaching, who is doing the learning, and whether the overarching balance of cultural power remains safely with the white mainstream.
Difference is to be studied and occasionally celebrated in the classroom, but it is above all to be managed. And when students and teachers of color begin to use education as a tool for reclaiming a suppressed heritage, they challenge the gatekeepers of cultural hegemony. And for all the talk of diversity, one thing that must never be diversified, never be shared across social boundaries, is power.
Copyright 2012 The Asian American Writers' Workshop | <urn:uuid:b105ada9-deaf-4678-b4b0-3bae7ce9745a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.commondreams.org/views/2012/08/21/cultural-miseducation-knowledge-power-and-ethnic-studies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00225-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954455 | 1,198 | 2.484375 | 2 |
The Robotics Accelerator showcases faculty and student robotics research and innovation across many colleges within Purdue. It serves as an umbrella center that brings together other Purdue centers — such as the NSF RoSe-HUB center investigating robots for human well-being — and specialized labs focused on search and rescue robots, micro-robots, wireless robots, soft robots and medical robots. It fosters collaboration and knowledge sharing to accelerate Purdue’s international robotics reputation in both academic and entrepreneurial circles. The center also acts as a focal point for the integration of undergraduate research experiences in robotics and sensing into Purdue Polytechnic’s curriculum.
Director: Richard Voyles, PhD, professor of electrical engineering technology | <urn:uuid:f0898009-5eea-4244-abd4-5b29c4806796> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://polytechnic.purdue.edu/purdue-robotics-accelerator | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.92227 | 140 | 2.078125 | 2 |
PristineHydro not only delivers the most technologically advanced water filtration systems, but their methodologies and processes are backed by science and third party lab tests.
(PRWEB) July 22, 2015
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Through research and a passion to create pristine water, PristineHydro's environmentally friendly patent pending filtration/revival process delivers pristine, high-alkaline water that is high in magnesium bicarbonate, which the human body uses to re-charge and heal itself. Drink better water now without any holdbacks.
For more information please call toll free (888) 240-1175 or by visiting: http://pristinewaterfilters.com | <urn:uuid:e65c16be-e815-4bfc-95be-2aebe4fb8248> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.prweb.com/releases/home-water-filter/reverse-osmosis/prweb12862496.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90738 | 417 | 1.671875 | 2 |
The mother of all tax storms is heading our way. And it’s due to arrive at the end of the year, raising rates for more than 100 million Americans.
It is a storm that could sink the economy, as Congress’ number-crunchers at the Congressional Budget Office warned late last week. It said failure to act will put the economy back in recession and that unemployment will soar from 8.2 percent to 9.1 percent, or roughly 2 million more jobless on the street.
“The expiration of the Bush tax cuts at the end of 2012,” says lawyer and CPA Leon LaBrecque, “affects virtually every individual taxpayer in the United States, as well as corporations and nonprofit institutions.”
And look out for your 401(k)! As the capital-gains tax rate soars to 20 percent, many investors will look to cash out of equities to pay the current 15 percent rate. That will sink the market.
If Congress and the president do nothing between now and the end of the year, LaBrecque adds, the expiration of the tax cuts “would constitute the biggest tax increase in more than 50 years.” He says the biggest misconception of the tax storm is that only the rich will be hurt.
As an illustration, he cites the example of one client. She is a single working mother making $37,000 a year. The expiration of the Bush tax cuts, he says, will also be painful for her. She will pay 76 percent more in taxes.
So tax professionals are cautioning clients to develop tax-reduction strategies now.
Chicago tax attorney David Henderson, who advises high net worth clients, says middle-class taxpayers should reverse the most common tax-planning strategies that have been used.
Forget about deferring income and paying taxes later. Taxpayers should assume that they are going to get socked in January with higher tax rates, he says.
“The tax rates you’ll pay this year will probably be the lowest rates we’ll see in our lifetimes,” Henderson predicts. That includes the capital-gains taxes that you pay when you sell an asset, such as a property or a stock.
“So look in your portfolio. And if you have long-term capital gains, now is the time to sell those,” Henderson says.
Investors should pay taxes now at what will likely be much lower rates, according to Henderson. Tax pros also say that the value of deductions, such as money given to charity, will become more valuable as tax rates zoom in 2013. “Say you’re going to make a charitable contribution late in December. Wait a week or two to write the check. The charity still gets the contribution, but the deduction will be more valuable in January,” Henderson says.
Along with a scheduled $100 billion in federal spending cuts due to go through unless Congress acts, the tax storm has the potential to do more than hurt individual pocketbooks. It could, warns the Council on Foreign Relations, drive the economy off a tax-and-spending cliff.
“The abrupt onset of such significant budget austerity in the midst of a still-fragile economic recovery has led most economists to warn of another recession in 2013 if Washington fails to intervene in a timely fashion,” according to a paper from the council.
Higher taxes and spending cuts are also spooking employers, the council said.
“Our customers are concerned,” UPS CEO Scott Davis told The Hill, a publication that covers Congress. “They’re not going to invest. They’re not going to hire people. They’re not going to stock inventory with all that uncertainty.”
But couldn’t this spending reduction and tax storm blow past us? Couldn’t Democrats and Republicans prevent the nation from going over a fiscal cliff by making a last-minute deal?
“Very unlikely,” Henderson says.
Here are some of the tax changes that automatically begin on Jan. 1, 2013, unless Congress acts.
* Social Security rate goes up from 4.2% to 6.2%
* The 10% tax bracket expires and becomes 15%
* The 25% rate rises to 28%
* The 28% rate goes to 31%
* The 33% rate goes to 36%
* The 35% rate goes to 39.6%
* The Earned Income Credit is eliminated
* The child tax credit falls from $1,000 to $500
* The Alternative Minimum Tax reverts to 2001 levels
* The long-termcapital gains on middle- and upper-income taxpayers go from 15% to 20% | <urn:uuid:b7b1760b-0b15-4b23-9a6d-3d6cba7269bd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://nypost.com/2012/08/26/goin-off-a-cliff/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00147-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948587 | 988 | 1.796875 | 2 |
In The Plot Against Trains, Adam Gopnik muses about how infrastructure in America has become dilapidated in part because we (or at least much of we) believe little good can come from the government.
What an ideology does is give you reasons not to pursue your own apparent rational interest — and this cuts both ways, including both wealthy people in New York who, out of social conviction, vote for politicians who are more likely to raise their taxes, and poor people in the South who vote for those devoted to cutting taxes on incomes they can never hope to earn. There is no such thing as false consciousness. There are simply beliefs that make us sacrifice one piece of self-evident interest for some other, larger principle.
What we have, uniquely in America, is a political class, and an entire political party, devoted to the idea that any money spent on public goods is money misplaced, not because the state goods might not be good but because they would distract us from the larger principle that no ultimate good can be found in the state. Ride a fast train to Washington today and you’ll start thinking about national health insurance tomorrow.
The ideology of individual autonomy is, for good or ill, so powerful that it demands cars where trains would save lives, just as it places assault weapons in private hands, despite the toll they take in human lives. Trains have to be resisted, even if it means more pollution and massive inefficiency and falling ever further behind in the amenities of life — what Olmsted called our “commonplace civilization.”
The way he brings it back to trains at the end is lovely:
A train is a small society, headed somewhere more or less on time, more or less together, more or less sharing the same window, with a common view and a singular destination.
Well, except when you’re on that Snowpiercer train. Although in the end (spoiler!), Curtis brought the train’s segregated society back to “a common view and a singular destination” by crashing it and killing (almost) everyone on it. Hopefully America isn’t headed toward the same end.
After the Civil War, the economic recovery of the southern United States hinged on trade with the North and moving goods westward via the railroad. But there was a problem. Tracks in the South had been built with a gauge (or track width) of 5 feet but the majority of tracks in the North had a 4-foot 9-inch gauge (more or less). So after much planning, over a concentrated two-day period in the summer of 1886, the width of thousands of miles of railroad track (and the wheels on thousands of rail cars) in the South was reduced by three inches.
Only one rail would be moved in on the day of the change, so inside spikes were hammered into place at the new gauge width well in advance of the change, leaving only the need for a few blows of the sledgehammer once the rail was placed. As May 31 drew near, some spikes were pulled from the rail that was to be moved in order to reduce as much as possible the time required to release the rail from its old position.
Rolling stock, too, was being prepared for rapid conversion. Contemporary accounts indicate that dish shaped wheels were provided on new locomotives so that on the day of the change, reversing the position of the wheel on the axle would make the locomotive conform to the new gauge. On some equipment, axles were machined to the new gauge and a special ring positioned inside the wheel to hold it to the 5-foot width until the day of the gauge change. Then the wheel was pulled, the ring removed, and the wheel replaced.
To shorten the axles of rolling stock and motive power that could not be prepared in advance, lathes and crews were stationed at various points throughout the South to accomplish the work concurrently with the change in track gauge.
As things turned out, having different gauges was advantageous to the South, since the North could not easily use railroad to move its troops to battle in southern territory during the Civil War. Noting this example, the Finns were careful to ensure that their railroads used a gauge different from the Russian railroads! The rest of Europe adopted a standard gauge, which made things easy for Hitler during World War II: a significant fraction of German troop movements in Europe were accomplished by rail.
They also describe the efforts that the South went through to support the stronger standard of the North without switching over:
In 1862, Congress specified the standard gauge for the transcontinental railroads. By this date, the southern states had seceded, leaving no one to push for the 5-foot gauge. After the war, the southern railroads found themselves increasingly in the minority. For the next twenty years, they relied on various imperfect means of interconnection with the North and West: cars with a sliding wheel base, hoists to lift cars from one wheel base to another, and, most commonly, a third rail.
At home, I have a drawer full of sliding wheel bases and third rails in the form of Euro-to-US & Asia-to-US power adapters.
In 1953, the BBC filmed a train trip from London to Brighton. Thirty years later in 1983, they filmed it again and then again 30 years after that, in 2013. Here are all three films synced up and played side-by-side:
1000 extra bonus points to the Beeb for the Star Guitar soundtrack.
No time is wasted. The bullet train is moving all the time. If there are 30 stations between Beijing and Guangzhou, just stopping and accelerating again at each station will waste both energy and time. A mere 5 min stop per station (elderly passengers cannot be hurried) will result in a total loss of 5 min x 30 stations or 2.5 hours of train journey time!
Factor in slowdown/speedup time and it’s even longer. (thx, nick)
A 4,000-mph magnetically levitated train could allow you to have lunch in Manhattan and still get to London in time for the theater, despite the 5-hour time difference. It’s not impossible: Norway has studied neutrally buoyant tunnels (concluding that they’re feasible, though expensive), and Shanghai is running maglev trains to its airport. But supersonic speeds require another critical step: eliminating the air — and therefore air friction — from the train’s path. A vacuum would also save the tunnel from the destructive effects of a sonic boom, which, unchecked, could potentially rip the tunnel apart.
A raspy-voiced woman in her 40s, one of the engineers, calls down from the cab and invites a few of us to come take a look. Without hesitation we clamber up. She tells us that they’re off duty, as her partner, a mustachioed, red-faced man with faded tattoos, nods. When engineers hit their driving quota, apparently, they’re done. It’s an unbendable rule. “They knew, though,” the woman says, speaking of Amtrak. “They should have had someone here.” So this could’ve been prevented? “Oh yeah,” the man says, “but leave it to them and they’ll fuck it up.” And so we wait, in the middle of nowhere, for new engineers. After a couple of hours a truck pulls up with the new drivers.
In 1970, the year that Congress voted to create Amtrak by consolidating the passenger operations of freight railroads, the airlines were about 17 times larger than the railroads, measured by passenger miles traveled; now they are more than 100 times larger. Highway travel was then about 330 times larger; now it is more than 900 times larger.
Today Amtrak has 632 usable rail cars, and dozens more are worn out or damaged but could be reconditioned and put into service at a cost of several hundred thousand dollars each.
Train travel, particularly high-speed train travel, should be *the* way to get anywhere on the East Coast, mid-to-southern California/Vegas, and between moderately large cities clustered together (Chicago, Indianapolis, Cleveland, Detroit; Dallas, Austin, San Antonio, Houston; Florida; Kansas City, St. Louis, Omaha, Tulsa; Portland, Seattle, Vancouver; etc.).
Could European airlines such as Air France-KLM, Lufthansa or Ryanair lose business as high-speed rail service expands? After all, the Eurostar now carries more than 70 percent of passenger traffic between London and Paris. And air service between Paris and Brussels has ended altogether now that trains connect those cities in 1 hour and 20 minutes. | <urn:uuid:5209ea3e-13ea-45d0-9e18-b43c1f3ce44f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://kottke.org/tag/trains | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00244-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966271 | 1,828 | 2.3125 | 2 |
This package provides a few useful collection objects.
For compatibility, it provides a clone of the Python
collections.defaultdict for use in Python-2.4. In later versions, this
is simply a reference to the built-in
defaultdict, so buildbot code can
It also provides a
KeyedSets class that can represent any numbers of
sets, keyed by name (or anything hashable, really). The object is specially
tuned to contain many different keys over its lifetime without wasting memory.
See the docstring for more information. | <urn:uuid:9fc8410f-a4c8-444d-afe2-608dffcb9134> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://docs.buildbot.net/0.8.3/buildbot_002eutil_002ecollections.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00426-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.82516 | 119 | 1.640625 | 2 |
The claim was made by researchers at Penn State University based on the results of a study of more than 7,500 websites.
C. Lee Giles, David Reese professor of Information Sciences and Technology at Penn State, who led the research team which developed the BotSeer search engine for the study, described the pro-Google bias as "surprising".
"We expected that 'robots.txt' files would treat all search engines equally, or maybe disfavour certain obnoxious bots," he said.
"So we were surprised to discover a strong correlation between the favoured robots and search engine market share."
'Robots.txt' files are not an official standard but, by informal agreement, regulate web-crawlers, also known as 'spiders' and 'bots', which mine the web continuously.
Web policy makers use the files found in a website's directory to restrict crawler access to non-public information.
'Robots.txt' files also are used to reduce server load which can result in denial of service and force a website to shut down. But some web policy makers and administrators are writing 'robots.txt' files which are not uniformly blocking access.
Instead, those files give access to Google, Yahoo and MSN while restricting other search engines, the researchers found.
While the study does not include explanations for why web policy makers have opted to favour Google, the researchers know that the choice was made consciously. Not using a 'robots.txt' file gives all robots equal access to a website.
"'Robots.txt' files are written by web policy makers and administrators who have to intentionally specify Google as the favoured search engine," said Professor Giles.
Not every site has a 'robots.txt' file, although the number is growing. About four in 10 of the 7,500 sites analysed by the researchers had such a file, up from fewer than one in 10 in 1996.
Google bots get the red carpet treatment
By Robert Jaques on Nov 20, 2007 7:12AM | <urn:uuid:4020f6e1-7460-461d-8e15-f348e250b0a9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.itnews.com.au/news/google-bots-get-the-red-carpet-treatment-97507 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00127-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954752 | 418 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Teams in our Food Security Project (FSP) reported 42 events in April, serving 12,719 individual beneficiaries and giving out at least 7,577 meals! Additional GO Humanity Service Teams (GO Teams) held 21 more service events.
Team of the Month (pictured above) goes to Freethinkers Association of Central Texas. They had two big projects in April. First, they prepped 395 hot meals and 2,100 sandwiches for migrants in need around San Antonio in partnership the San Antonio Food Bank. They also volunteered at the Food Bank’s warehouse, packing 1,080 boxes of SNAP food and produce—about 32,400 meals for the community.
Photo of the Month (above) goes to Food Security Project team Humanist Society of Greater Phoenix. The photo shows a volunteer cooling off soup with an ice paddle before storing it for distribution to people in need. It’s part of an initiative through Project Roots, which feeds unsheltered people from community gardens. Enough soup was made at this event for distribution to about 100 people.
In celebration of Earth Day, HAPI volunteers coordinated with the San Jose Municipal Government for a project helping planted trees become more resilient by mulching around their roots. They mulched 50 trees at a local elementary school alongside school staff, and HAPI’s Green Movement Ambassador gave a mini-lecture on how to handle the mulch.
SEVASH maintains two free food pantries in the towns of Norfolk and Newport News, Virginia. 7 known volunteers contributed approximately 440 pounds of food in April month at a cost of roughly $383. With funds received from the Food Security Project, the group recruited a new volunteer and was better able to reimburse contributors and increase contribution levels.
This team met four times in April alongside a local progressive church to distribute snack and hygiene packs to people experiencing homelessness! Recipients got granola bars, water, applesauce, pudding, peanut butter crackers, Vienna sausages, washcloths, soap, shampoo, deodorant, razors, toothbrush, toothpaste, period products, and socks.
This Syracuse-based team met on Earth Day to clean around a local creek, and again to plant native trees! The team planted trees in 5 locations around Onondaga County, consisting of 30 hazelnut shrubs, 10 redbud trees, and 30 sweet juniper trees obtained from the Cortland Division of Soil and Conservation and the Department of Environmental Conservation. Their goal was habitat enrichment and future carbon sequestration.
This Los Angeles-based team met for their big monthly food distribution in Historic Filipinotown. Volunteers sorted groceries into 35-pound food kits and distributed them to 111 food-insecure households. They even had dog and cat food on hand for pet owners!
This group’s volunteers worked with Books Between Kids, counting, sorting, packing and warehousing books for at-risk youth!
Central Ohio United Non-Theists (COUNT)
This Columbus, Ohio-based team worked at the Van Buren Shelter to serve dinners and clean the facility. They also worked as Housewarmers at the Ronald McDonald House, providing a homelike environment for families staying at the facility while their kids are treated at nearby hospitals. COUNT volunteers have contributed 1,845 hours from the start of their involvement with Ronald McDonald House in 2013.
This team partnered with above-mentioned team COUNT to clean up trash for 9 hours along side their adopted stretch of highway!
In addition to the soup-prep event mentioned above, this Arizona team also ran a successful blood drive for the Red Cross—smashing a 22-unit goal by collecting 36! The Red Cross has been very happy with their events, and they have several more planned for the rest of the year.
Austin Texas Humanists At Work (ATXHAW)
Volunteers for ATXHAW met five times in April for hot meal distributions with Mosaic Street Ministry. They made Easter turkey dinners; BBQed hot dogs; sandwiches; breakfast casseroles; and distributed some donated Indian food!
This central Florida team met three times in April for their Weekends Without Hunger program, packing and distributing food supplies to kids in need at a local elementary school!
This Texas team performed their big mass giveaway to people experiencing homelessness. Volunteers met the day before the event to sort through boxes of toiletries and food and pack it into individual care bags. Then they gave it out in two locations where unsheltered people live. Thanks to the Food Security Project grant, they were able to provide additional food in each bag, including fresh fruit. They also supplied month-long bus passes to a couple people in a long-term support program offered by the team.
CFFC volunteers removed debris at six-acre Kewannee Park and accompanying areas in Casselberry, FL!
This team had a busy month in April! Their activities included:
- Participating in a Walk for Parkinson’s, raising money for Parkinson’s Association of Central Florida and raising awareness for community living with the disease.
- Meeting five times for a Farm Produce for Shelters project through Connecting Care Kitchens. Volunteers delivered 675 pounds of produce and 675 hot meals to a local shelter, all from organic farms!
- Working on neighborhood farms through their Mutual Aid Garden Club, removing weeds and harvesting veggies for a low-cost CSA in an Orlando food desert. They were also able to share seeds, plant starts, and cuttings from the farms with community members.
- Participating in an Earth Day event for the Garden Club to give out free seeds and seed starter supplies; hold workshops; distribute vegan food; make crafts; and more!
Kenya Humanist Alliance
This powerhouse east Africa team…
- Maintained five farms where they are growing maize, beans, and Irish potatoes for food-insecure people. They were happy to report the maize they planted a week ago has germinated!
- Renovated an unsanitary water borehole serving villages in Kisumu County
- Harvested cassava and supplied it to orphans impacted by drought and famine
- Donated Water Guard (Sodium Hypochlorite 1.2%) for treatment of water fetched from boreholes and rivers. The team also identified a need to educate communities about the importance of water treatment and made plans to start incorporating it into their giveaways.
- Donated sleeping bags and fresh produce to unsheltered people in Kisumu City, including women and children
All these projects have been made possible through grants from the Food Security Project and Kenya Humanist Alliance extends their sincerest thanks to donors!
Food Rescue Alliance Teams
Four of affiliates of our major grantee Food Rescue Alliance are among the volunteer teams receiving grants in the Food Security Project. Here’s what they’ve been up to:
This Safet Harbor, FL team met five times for community meal services at local pantries and shelters, serving 500 nutritious meals altogether!
The Food Drive
This Melrose, MA team writes:
“In April 2022, The Food Drive reached the milestone of 300,000 pounds of food distributed – an incredible amount kept out of landfills by a small grassroots nonprofit operating for only 18 months! This number translates to 750,000 pounds of greenhouse gas emissions prevented, which was an accomplishment we celebrated during Earth Month. It also translates to the $501,000 in value and most importantly, the equivalent of 261,000 meals for our local community.
“The Food Drive also fully implemented our Community Freezer program, a partnership between Melrose First United Methodist Church and The Food Drive to provide healthy meals for local food pantries, motel shelters, and community members experiencing food insecurity, especially those with immediate needs. As a result, when a motel shelter reached out to us in April because they were running low on food for their guests, The Food Drive immediately delivered meals for everyone in the shelter.
“Food is a basic human right, and The Food Drive is on a mission to ensure that everyone in our community has fresh, nutritious food.”
CORMII Community Development Corporation
This Rockingham County, North Carolina meets every Thursday for a weekly curbside food distribution. April was no exception!
CAFE Food Rescue
This food rescue in Summit County, Colorado operates free food coolers in local Starbucks and at a community clinic. In April, they wrote:
“Our April 2022 Food Rescue Our food collection are still increasing and reached 2,905 pounds this month. We packaged some food from the Keystone Conference Center to be distributed at a partner food market. We did the packaging at the donor site. This resulted in 11 packages of 4 servings of fish and 12 packages of 2 servings of chicken and 24 quarts of potato leek soup! We are still working on a commissary agreement with a commercial kitchen so that we can take food from caterers and package it to get it out into the community. We are still working on grant applications. Yes! We packaged some food from a donor at their site. Up until now, we could only take this in bulk to a couple of agencies that can take whole hotel pans of food. We are trying to find a commissary kitchen that has a small amount of cooled storage that we need. We may be installing a three bay sink in the food market of one of our partners to make this work.”
Sponsor one of these hard-working teams by setting up a recurring donation of $100 per month. | <urn:uuid:b356f51b-8a03-488f-a177-b027e9cf28a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gohumanity.world/april-service-team-roundup/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.955138 | 1,975 | 1.5 | 2 |
Recorded May 1, 2020; broadcast on May 7, 2020.
Dr. Bart Andrews is the Chief Clinical Officer at Behavioral Health Response in Creve Coeur and Chair of the Missouri Suicide Prevention Network.
He spoke about the possible increased risk of suicide and suicidal thoughts during the coronavirus pandemic – and about what everyone can do to help.
This piece was reported and produced by Trevor Hook.
Region: St. Louis County
Chair, Missouri Suicide Prevention Network
Dr. Bart Andrews: In terms of long-term suicide risk, that we know that, you know, following the economic collapse in 2007-2008, the suicide rate increased. The number of calls to my crisis line increased dramatically that were about unemployed, losing their houses.
I do think there's pressure to scale up or upwards with people, particularly with people being more isolated. So, here's a good example, like the number of child abuse reports is down in the state. Right? Does that mean the child abuse is down? Absolutely not.
Child abuse is probably up. Why is child abuse down… because schools are closed? Who do you think the primary reporters of child abuse and neglect are? Teachers and school staff, right? So, one of the things that we take for granted is that a lot of help is triggered by gatekeepers.
Gatekeepers are people who are out in the community, either in their professional role and advocacy role, or just in their general role as people – who are trained to recognize certain things or just are good at recognizing things. Or who reach out and say, "Hey, you look like you're not doing well. Can I help you?" Right? Or let's get you connected with this.”
There's less gatekeeper contact happening now. Particularly less formal gatekeeping. So, as we have less contact with social service agencies, with schools, people aren't going to the doctor as much, people aren't going to hospitals as much.
So, in that process, we definitely all need to have our eyes and ears open and be more aware of the people around us and the people in our lives. Be more aware of how people are sounding and doing on social media, because the typical safety net that might catch people just by running into them, we're not going to have as many of those contacts.
There are infinite number of combinations of variables that can lead someone down the path towards suicide. Right? You'll see a lot of media presentations that say, "Oh, it’s bullying causing suicide or depression causes suicide. This cause...". None of that is remotely true. All of it has a grain of truth to it. Right? All of it is connected.
Suicide... and one of the things that I find so fascinating -- people often ask me anything gets really morbid to talk about suicide all the time. And I say no, it's absolutely invigorating. What we learn about suicide tells us what are the most important things about life.
Family is important, work's important. Having meaning and purpose in your life, feeling like people care about you and are connected. Being able to be caring and connecting with other people. These are important things and they also prevent suicide.
As we look at this crisis that's impacting us, there are some good things happening around this. I see people pulling together, although sure there's been government orders, people have really collectively decided our health is important and they've self-sacrifice to protect their health and protect other people. This also prevents suicide; this kind of mindset prevent suicide.
So, what we learned about suicide is that in healthy communities where people are connected and caring and people feel like they have purpose and meaning and their environments are safer, they're a lot less likely to kill themselves.
So, let's take that message forward. Let's use this opportunity as we navigate this crisis to learn more about what we could do as a community to improve our health and well-being at large, not, not just because of this crisis.
Copyright 2017 KBIA and The University of Missouri. Development and Design by Nathan Lawrence. | <urn:uuid:3402f5e9-6d1d-4cc7-969c-cc22e5944a79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.missourihealthtalks.org/stories/community-support-during-coronavirus-pandemic-kind/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.978907 | 856 | 1.984375 | 2 |
In eleven male patients with flame injury (all believed to be non-diabetic before injury) initial glucagon levels were increased despite administration of intravenous glucose. Values ranged from 185 to 662 pg. per ml. and averaged 327±42 pg. per ml. (mean±S.E.M.). They were significantly higher than the mean fasting levels in normal subjects (75 ±4 pg. per ml.). Insulin levels varied widely, but tended to be low in relation to the simultaneously measured blood-glucose level, which ranged from 95 to 205 mg. per 100 ml. In six patients the insulin/glucagon ratio was below 2'- i.e., the range observed in other catabolic states- despite the glucose infusion, while in ten patients it was below the levels normally attained during glucose administration. Among the survivors wound closure and weight stabilisation coincided with a rise in the insulin/glucagon ratio to or above normal. The findings suggest that the islets of Langerhans participate in the metabolic response to burns.
ASJC Scopus subject areas | <urn:uuid:7d365642-666d-4288-8cda-3cf3f7af6a53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/hyperglucagon%C3%A6mia-after-burns | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.933164 | 228 | 1.59375 | 2 |
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Education philosophies are evident in today’s schools. Teachers believe all students are capable of learning and mastering basic skills. It’s how teachers teach their students that make the difference. When teacher’s take a look into their teaching philosophy it empowers them to do their best in the classroom. Their philosophic inventory allows them to understand how their student’s are going to learn, acquire knowledge and how they are going to apply that knowledge to be a successful productive citizen in our society.
Teaching and Learning.
Teaching and Learning are intertwined with each other to the degree that they complement each other by building on one’s prior knowledge. Student’s come into the classroom with open minds, and it is the teacher’s responsibility to expand their minds and fill it full of information, so that they can use the acquired knowledge to build their personality and broaden their thought process to help them solve problems of everyday life.
When a student comes into the classroom they should be eager to learn and willing to build on the lessons they learned from the day before. Students
Students are the center of learning. They are the future and the future depends on how successfully educated our children are. Students are the core foundation of our society, as they are the ones that will be weaved into our society upon successful graduation of high school and post secondary schooling. Students need to be taught about the importance of acquiring good work ethics and values and how they are related to their advancement in our society. Knowledge Knowledge is what is gained through participation in classroom activities and applied to everyday activities.
The knowledge that is received in school can be transferred into life outside of school. When students are able to apply what they have learned in the classroom they realize how important it is to pay attention. It is imperative that teacher’s strive to implement lesson plans that engage the student’s and allow them to realize that knowledge is the key to success. What Is Worth Knowing Is/Are Students should understand that daily lessons are valuable keys to having a successful education. For example, “calendar time” is a lesson that is a building block for understanding time, numbers, language, science and social studies.
All activities during calendar time relate to each other. Time is linked to the days of the week and month. Time is shown by using minutes on a clock and relating them to the date of the month. Language is understood by answering in complete sentences, “Today is…. Tomorrow will be… and Yesterday was…”. Science is explained by looking out the window and identifying the clouds, whether it is hot and sunny or rainy and cold. Social Studies happen during calendar time when a special holiday is happening or is coming up.
All this engages the student and is done on a daily basis at the same time, so that students are able to understand that calendar time always happens and that they are learning something new each day their class does calendar. They are able to take that knowledge outside of school and show others that they are mastering a skill that is a valuable key to being a successful citizen in our society. It is up to our student’s to decipher what is worth knowing and what is not. As teacher’s it is our job to make sure that every student realizes that each lesson that is taught builds on the information that they acquired the previous day.
If we can take lessons and link them together and let the student’s explore answers on their own, students will be able to understand that every lesson presented to them is just as important as the next one. Students will be engaging and enthusiastic in the classroom about new lessons presented to them, because they will understand that they are expanding their minds. Understanding that you have mastered a new skill is exciting to students and very rewarding. Established Educational Philosophies.
Progressivism is an established educational philosophy that states, “Learning should be experienced based and relevant to students’ lives” (Kauchak & Eggen, 2011, p. 220). When a teacher takes a philosophic inventory and acquires insightful knowledge about the outcome of their teaching philosophy then they are able to understand and adapt to their classroom environment better. Acquiring a progressivism philosophy allows teachers and students to actively participate together daily lessons. This philosophy also enables the teacher to understand that outside forces may be influences to how their students learn and retain information.
Conclusion Understanding your beliefs about teaching and applying those in the classroom will help you have better classroom management. Establishing ethics and values in the classroom empowers students to gain the knowledge they need to be successful in our society. Teachers who truly understand their teaching philosophy are willing to adapt new teaching strategies, so every class will be successful. They are also the teacher’s that put an imprint into the minds of their students. Reference Kauchak, D. , & Eggen, P. (2011). Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional (4th ed. ). Saddle River, NJ: Merrill.
👋 Hi! I’m your smart assistant Amy!
Don’t know where to start? Type your requirements and I’ll connect you to an academic expert within 3 minutes.get help with your assignment | <urn:uuid:f6e047fa-30dd-4340-b0b1-33121fea273c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studymoose.com/teaching-philosophy-essay | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.968304 | 1,090 | 3.484375 | 3 |
Unfortunately, changing the landscape hasn’t helped pheasants in eastern Washington.
According to The Spokesman Review, eastern Washington’s pheasant harvest was among the lowest on record in 2013. Hunters and wildlife managers are hoping for an increase in 2014.
The good news is that several thousand acres were recently seeded with forbs (broad leaf plants) in southeast Washington, in hopes of improving habit. The climate has been beneficial for the upland birds the past few years and is also expected to be mild once again this winter, which will help with pheasant production. The downside is that coyotes are claiming as many upland birds, or more, than the hunters.
If you’ve even driven through the major highways of Eastern Washington, you’ll see that the majority of farm owners have their crops growing directly on the shoulders of the roads. Windmills have been installed upon the hilltops as well.
While farmers are always looking for a way to make some extra income, this isn’t helping the population of upland birds. Many of the smaller farmers are out of business and have sold their farms to larger corporations. With this being said, the number of famers in Eastern Washington has declined alongside the number of upland birds. The small farm operations didn’t have enough land to provide for their families, so they had no choice but to sell to the larger corporations.
More from Wide Open Spaces
Once upon a time, you’d find idle fields in Eastern Washington, while driving only a few miles. Nowadays, rarely do you see anything idle and bare. Most of the dirt, which may have once been a weedy ridge, is now being used for production of crops.
If you’re an avid upland bird hunter, you may have to spend a few extra dollars and look to a guided hunt where they raise and release pheasants, quail, and other upland bird species. Even though this isn’t in line with the true definition of hunting, it provides more opportunity for those hunters that have an obsession. | <urn:uuid:1e7f041e-0023-4bce-adfd-4c18bdaf285c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wideopenspaces.com/pheasants-in-eastern-washington/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00046-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973776 | 436 | 2.359375 | 2 |
19th February 2016
More than half of planned retirees will consider working past their state pension age in a period of ‘pre-tirement’.
Research by Prudential shows ‘pre-tirement’, where people delay their retirement plans, change jobs or go part-time instead of giving up work, has become the new normal.
Over half, 51%, of those who plan to retire in 2016 are already working past their state pension age or are considering doing so. This is the fourth year in a row in which more than half of those due to retire are deciding to carry on working.
One in three people said they would consider working before retirement age but would change employer to do so, and 27% said they would stay in their current job with reduced hours. One in 10 planned to stay on full-time.
Of those whose planned retirement age was 2016, they expect to draw their pension for 20 years and give a range of reasons for putting off retirement. For many people, 29%, the decision is financial as they do not believe their pensions and other savings will provide a sufficient income to ensure a comfortable retirement.
Just under a quarter, 22%, will continue to work because they cannot afford to give it up.
There are also non-financial reasons for continuing work. Over half, 51%, said they would prefer to carry on working to keep their mind and body active. And 34% said they don’t feel ready to retire. Four in 10 said they enjoy working too much to give it up.
And 16% said they never want to retire.
Stan Russell, retirement expert at Prudential, said: ‘With this year’s retirees preparing to spend an average of 20 years retired it’s understandable why they now see giving up work as a gradual process rather than a one-off event.
‘However, for everyone who can choose their retirement date there are some who have no choice because they physically can’t continue at work, and others whose financial situation forces them to stay on. Anyone looking to give themselves the greatest degree of choice of when to give up work should be trying to save as much money as possible as early as possible during their careers.
‘Most people will have an idea of how they’d ideally like their retirement to pan out, and regular discussions with a professional financial adviser can help to make sure that retirement finances are sufficient to turn these ideas into reality.’ | <urn:uuid:7605cef3-6b2d-4e3d-ae8b-e6c4b373faaf> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://mindfulmoney.co.uk/mindful-news/pre-tirement-sees-half-of-retirees-working-past-state-pension-age/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00312-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984508 | 509 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Oak Ridge National Laboratory has officially bitten the GPU bug. Following John’s overview of the new Fermi chip, we find Dr. Jeff Nichols, computational director at ORNL, standing foot to foot with NVIDIA’s CEO.
This is BIG news. ORNL is interested in very large, leadership class supercomputing platforms directed towards ingesting the workloads of a many scientists. Hence, they depend on production computing. Their support of GPU computing has the ability to launch the technology into the next dimension of computing.
Nichols also mentioned that ORNL is spearheading what he calls the Hybrid Multicore consortium. Long story short, NVIDIA’s new Fermi GPUs have the backing of one of the largest collection of computational talent in the world. | <urn:uuid:e881fbe0-2881-4375-9d29-a2590200454c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://insidehpc.com/2009/09/ornl-bites-gpu-bug/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00310-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92833 | 158 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Fraud, Hack Attacks Becoming Major Concerns for Apple
There was a time when Apple's biggest hacker concern pertained to iPhone users modding and jailbreaking their handsets. Today, the powers that be in Cupertino have bigger worries to contend with. In recent days and weeks, Apple has been the target of more than one substantive hack attack. And this issue extends far beyond fraudulent Steve Jobs' emails and fake online correspondence between Apple and its concerned customers.
Over the weekend, reports surfaced that all of the App Store applications created by "mycompany" have been pulled following a discovery that this suspected "rogue developer" was up to no good and attempted, among other endeavors, to hack App Store rankings. Other troubling incidents recount users reporting that their individual iTunes accounts have been falsely authorized to purchase large quantities of songs and other digital content. To be clear, these issues do not involve only one lone developer. As a result, digital security analysts have already begun weighing in what appears to be a much more widespread if not concerted effort to hack iTunes and rip off an incalculable number of customers.
Although few took the consideration seriously just a short while ago, there is more chatter than ever about the future of organized crime. Digital content could very well represent the target of future illegal behavior from groups and organizations that spread out their efforts and work in tandem to achieve what amounts to digital highway robbery. Nonetheless, the swelling security concerns for Apple have bubbled to the forefront of the company's security priorities. With some customers now reporting erroneous purchases of hundreds of dollars worth of digital content, it isn't difficult to imagine the criminal incentive behind such acts and the headaches for Apple and its customers that continue to result from these attacks. | <urn:uuid:86a0f726-a385-4346-a90d-b8b1f4bca8d4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://modmyi.com/content/1572-fraud-hack-attacks-becoming-major-concerns-apple.html?p=5328476 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00346-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956023 | 351 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Bookmarks can be difficult to sort and manage once they pile up to an extraordinarily high number within your browser. Moreover, it can be quite tough to find a bookmark among empty and convoluted folders. This in fact can reduce the utility of having bookmarks. A remedy to this problem for Chrome users is SuperSorter. It sorts all of your bookmarks in alphabetical order within the bookmark folders. You can also remove empty folders to clear clutter from your bookmark manager.
Just right-click on the SuperSorter icon next to the address bar and select Options. From there, you can select if you would like to sort your bookmarks in ascending or descending order, put folders before bookmarks, delete empty folders, merge neighboring folders which have the same name, delete duplicate bookmarks and use case sensitive name comparisons for sorting bookmarks.
SuperSorter is a super extension for instantly managing your Chrome bookmarks. After you have configured settings (from Options), you can click on the SuperSorter icon next to the address bar for the changes to immediately take effect. The icon displays a “Done” label, confirming that the bookmarks have been sorted. | <urn:uuid:96ecbbe5-aaee-489a-9b06-895602a4f8ac> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.addictivetips.com/internet-tips/easily-sort-bookmarks-in-chrome-with-super-sorter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00406-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916946 | 236 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Learn to design professional and effective social media profiles!
Whether you’re promoting yourself, your brand, or your business, creating a great your social media profile design helps you stand out in our increasingly-crowded social world.
Packed with the secrets behind the hottest Facebook timelines, Twitter backgrounds, and LinkedIn profiles, this fun-but-straightforward guide shows you how to create eye-catching social media profiles with a professional, cohesive design.
- Includes online resources and downloadable templates that allow you to make your own profiles quick and easy
- Reveals techniques for making a memorable and unique Twitter background, Facebook profile and page, LinkedIn profile, Google+ profile, and more
- Details ways in which to use Pinterest boards and cover photos to showcase your brand
- Shows you how to make the most of Rebelmouse and YouTube.
Social Media Design For Dummies is a must-have introductory guide to creating a professional, effective, and cohesive design that will better communicate your brand’s story to future partners, employers, and customers. | <urn:uuid:d50f0afd-ac4d-430b-83b4-6b7a5a1663ff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.digitalfamily.com/store-2/products/social-media-design-dummies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00391-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.836882 | 215 | 1.585938 | 2 |
A WORLD OF CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN SCIENCE
The School of Natural Sciences is one of the three schools established when the University first opened in 1966, together with the Schools of Education and Humanities and Social Sciences. It currently comprises six Departments: Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Computer Science, Geography, Mathematics and Statistics, and Physics. The School offers a wide range of high-quality science programs leading to a B.Sc. degree. The B.Sc. degree opens up a whole range of career opportunities. Not only does it provide a strong foundation for a science-based career, but it also helps to build the intellect, develops critical and analytical thinking and hones problem-solving skills. It equips one with a broad range of skills that can be translated into a wide variety of fields, laying the foundation for the flexibility to continue to grow and to adapt to changes in the market place.
A wide range of professional careers are associated study with programs offered in the School of Natural Sciences. Career opportunities include the following:-Read more...
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Conference Website: http://www.ib2com.org/PACT/
PAN AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE, COMPUTING AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS PACT 2015, KAMPALA, UGANDA. Read more | <urn:uuid:607f0c4b-4efe-410b-a512-21dc559b65fc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://naturalsciences.unza.zm/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00189-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921128 | 280 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Pithoragah : A Brief introduction of District Pithoragarh.
|Area||7169 sq Km|
|Latitude and Longitude||29.4° to 30.3° N : 80° to 81° E|
|Total Population||416647 (as per 2001 census)|
Pithoragarh is a place of exquisite divine dieties, natural beauty and serenity. Pithoragarh the "miniature Kashmir" is captivating town with fascinating forests around is nestled in a small valley. The valley is flanked by four hills - Chandak, Dhwaj, Thal Kedar and Kundar - and is dramatic in its beauty which lies in the arms of the heavenly Himalayas. The district of Pithoragarh came into being in 1960 when it was carved out of the district of Almora. Pithoragarh is rich in natural beauty and it offers best view of the Himalaya. Some of the peaks like Nanda Devi, Panchchuli, Trishul and Nandakhat falls in this district. It is also rich in flora and fauna and is famous for its bugyals or pasture grounds of velvet-like green grass. With the start of the Kailash-Mansarovar Yatra, tourist interest in the area is increasing by leaps and bounds. Kapileshwar Mahadev the cave temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, affords fine view of the Soar valley and lofty Himalayan peaks. Askot Sanctuary, 54 kms. from Pithoragarh, is popular among wildlife enthusiasts and nature lovers. It is a safe haven for snow leopards, Himalayan black bears, musk deers, snow cocks, tehra, monals, chirs, koklas and chukors. The Patal Bhubaneshwar literally means the sub-terranean shrine of Lord Shiva and this cave temple is 91 kms. from Pithoragarh. The way to the temple is through a tunnel which leads into the cavern through a narrow dark passage of water. In fact cave temple complex is said to be the abode of thousands of deities and people believe that these deities were consecrated by Adi Shankracharya. Munsyari is a small Himalayan township about 127 kms. north of Pithoragarh and 66 kms. from Jauljibi. It is a base for treks to Milam, Namik and Ralam glaciers. Pithoragarh is also one of the border districts of India, surrounded by Tibet and Nepal.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Kapileshwar Mahadev, Dhwaj Temple, Thal Kedar, Patal Bhubaneshwar, Pithoragarh Fort, Askot Sanctuary, Gangolihat, Munsyari, Narayan Ashram. | <urn:uuid:6ef9aed1-79aa-4120-a657-28680b1671f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://districts.ecourts.gov.in/pithoragarh/about-pithoragarh | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.918569 | 628 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Is that just an excuse for us intervening into their world for our benefit? In most cases everything in nature has a beter chance of survival without man. Man is the most distructive species on earth. I can't think of one problem that exist in the world that wasn't caused by man himself.
that's quite an accomplishment. you managed to make a statement that is entirely false.
since we are in a beekeeping section, i'll stick to the beekeeping portion of your statement.
Is that just an excuse for us intervening into their world for our benefit?
yes. assuming you believe your above statement, you should not be keeping bees. it would not be for their benefit. since you choose to keep them, it must be for your benefit. if this is true, you are responsible for caring for them.
it is the same with anything we have. dogs, cats, horses. i happen to have horses. if they were in the wild, they would not be immunized, have their feet tended to, or be wormed. because i keep them, i care for them. because i care for them, they have every chance of living into their late 20's or early 30's with good health. that would be a very rare thing in the wild.
would you apply to evil man the same "survival of the fittest" theory that you apply to your livestock? that we should not feed, provide clean water, immunize, etc. those who are in need? we could seriously reduce evil man by simply refusing to care for those who can not/will not care for themselves. how about defective or ill children in 1st world societies. what a drain on resources! oops...got off the bee thing....sorry. just that the last was an interesting thought. | <urn:uuid:7bf79645-43e4-43dd-8252-a9b120e3210f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://forum.beemaster.com/index.php?topic=18024.40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00508-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980599 | 370 | 1.53125 | 2 |
- In a relay or switch, a contact pair that is closed in the resting state, and which is opened when energized. The contact pair consists of a stationary contact and a movable contact. A break contact provides a complete circuit when not energized. This contrasts with a make contact, in which the contact pair is open in the resting state. Also called back contact, or normally-closed contact.
Not what you were looking for? | <urn:uuid:e8e6e150-3cf9-465a-b770-493b4d155ead> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dictionaryofengineering.com/definition/break-contact.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96888 | 90 | 2.625 | 3 |
News as an Entity of Politics
This essay touches on the topic of disinformation and the politics behind newspapers -
News is simply delineated as "a report of a recent event; something one has not heard of before"(Websters, 282). Conceding that it is inelaborate in its definition, news is much more intricate as it succumbs to corporate moneymaking ideologies. The corporate essence of news is prevalent in the form of the newspaper "a paper published periodically for circulating news" that is sold therefore making news a business. In business the saying goes that the customer is always right making news subject to the demands of these consumers. The underlying purpose of news is to "provide facts upon which decisions are based" (Mencher, 56). Yet this purpose is tainted to accommodate the newspapers need to sell papers. Journalism is the work of gathering news, therefore making the journalist succumb to the corporate needs of the newspaper. The three major newspapers of Toronto (Toronto Sun, Toronto Star and The Globe & Mail) discord in their journalistic techniques for the purpose of selling their product.
- News as an Entity of Politics
- The Role of Women in Politics and Economics of the Country
E-pasta adrese, uz kuru nosūtīt darba saiti:
Saite uz darbu: | <urn:uuid:8e8a9289-9a1b-430d-b373-8106df394942> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.atlants.lv/eseja/news-as-an-entity-of-politics/993617/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719908.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00157-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93192 | 273 | 2.515625 | 3 |
"All claim to special righteousness awakens
in me that scorn and anger from which a
philosophical mind should be free ...."
It would appear that among the musical legacies of our time, that of Busoni remains the most ambiguous and incomplete. While the posterity of most of the great musicians of our era is now neatly categorized in the different chapters of modern musical history, the case of Busoni still provokes controversy, as well as being subject to varying and contradictory evaluation. It seems that this strange musician, gone not so long ago, was at first completely forgotten, and then subject to an ardent attempt to re-evaluate his work and his importance in general. It cannot be our place here to take part in the discussion of the value of his music, others more competent, are constantly occupied with this task. Rather it falls to us to put the, spotlight on another aspect of Busoni's activities-also strangely ignored--that being his role as an interpreter.
Everyone knows that he was a great pianist and it would never occur to anyone to doubt the important role that he played in that domain. Yet, what remains of that activity? The generally passionate testimony of those (now more and more rare) who heard him play; as well as those few gramaphone records which, because of the technical limitations of the time, cannot accurately represent an interpretation which was, by its very nature 'transcendental'. There are, or there were, scattered across the globe, several of his disciples whose prestigious playing should reflect something of their master's no less prestigious example. But it would certainly be difficult, if not impossible to define exactly what this example consisted of.
Thus, here we are in the realm of souvenirs and memories, that is to say, on grounds where it is impossible to get a concrete foothold. The paradox of the situation becomes even more glaring, as Busoni's importance in the development of the modern piano school has now penetrated our consciousness in the form of a veritable dogma.
How has this idea come to us? Once again, the above-mentioned rare testimony would not be able to furnish the response to such a question. There were, in Busoni's time, other pianists (Padereweski, De Pachmann, Moritz Rosenthal, d'Albert to name but a few) who are spoken of in equally glittering terms, and yet we do not think of them in the same fashion. In other words, wonderful virtuosi and interpreters though they were, it would never occur to us to confer upon them an importance comparable to that of Busoni in the actual development of modern piano technique, nor that of musical interpretation in general. Yet it is precisely this aspect of Busoni's activities that interests us.
Happily, there exists a certain number of transcriptions and paraphrases by Busoni, which realize on a pianistic level, works originally destined for other instruments. Such works pose several very interesting problems, which permit us to evaluate uniquely pianistic concepts, as well as the problems of interpretation that would face our musician. It is perhaps here, that we will find certain answers to our questions.
Among the transcriptions in question, the most famous is doubtless that of the Chaconne in D minor, from the 4th Partita for violin solo, by J.S. Bach. Thus it is perhaps worthwhile to carefully examine this work, which constitutes a very interesting undertaking, whose success could not be contested.
Though it would be impossible for me to offer any concrete proof, I would readily venture to say one of the main reasons pushing Busoni to attempt this enterprise would be due to Brahms, whom we know Busoni greatly admired. Brahms had indeed transcribed this same Chaconne for piano, but he limited himself to a transcription for left-hand, in effect following the original text as closely as possible, minimizing the virtuoso aspects of the piece. Busoni, on the other hand, in utilizing all the resources of the keyboard, actually accentuates this aspect of the work, at times even venturing into the realm of the paraphrase. In spite of these differences, the two musicians had a common desire: to realize the polyphony and harmony, only implied in the original text, and to actualize these elements on an instrument capable of presenting them in their true form. Indeed, the eminently 'well-tempered' language of the Chaconne, which makes abundant use of chromaticism seems better suited to the most 'well-tempered' of instruments which is the piano, rather than the violin which--still today--we play more 'diatonically' than chromatically (1).
Furthermore, regarding Busoni's transcription, we can clearly see the following mind-set: Bach's original text proves itself, in spite of all its richness--and precisely because of this richness--to be transcendental to the possibilities of the instrument. We do not mean by this (we hardly need mention) that Bach's effort was in vain, or that the composer was mistaken as to the instrumental possibilities, nor that he took on a task whose efforts could not arrive at the desired goal. But, in composing a work of such immense ambition, did he not leave an 'open door' to such an effort of amplification, of which this transcription represents the supreme realization?
Right away, what is striking is the amplification of the register. Bach's text covers a range of about two and a half octaves, and naturally does not have recourse to the bass register.
Busoni's transcription extends the instrumental range in a radical way, because the piano is utilized in all its range, and what's more, the deep bass register will here play a pivotal role.
This first operation of amplification is justified on several fronts. Above all, is it not clear that a work this long and complex (conceived, what's more, in the form of variations) can only benefit from this variety, not only from the point of view of the changes in 'color' that this entails, but above all, from the resultant structural clarity. As to the systematic use of the deeper bass register, it is clearly justified by the form of the work. Indeed, the bass of the Chaconne, (the very foundation of the variations), Bach could, for the most part, only indicate in a veiled manner in the form of an 'allusion'; whereas it is realized in all its splendor and in its fundamental role, all throughout Busoni's piano score.
However, this amplification does hot stop there. We have already spoken of the difficulties in polyphony and harmony of the Chaconne. These elements exist often in a latent form in the original work. Here, Busoni's genius is manifest in a radical manner. Not only does his transcription shine a light on the harmonic variants which are abundant in Bach's score, not only does it clearly indicate each of the essential harmonic units‑‑only hinted at in Bach's original text‑‑but it takes each allusion to its conclusion by spelling out often complex chords, on the various degrees of the tonality.
We find a striking example of this type of realization in the fourteenth variation (example 15). Here, the original text is purely monodic, whereas the transcription gives us the two motifs of each measure according to their harmonic function:
VI-II, V-I, IV-VII (V), I, etc.
Each one of these degrees undergoes subtle transformations and alterations: chromatic alterations within the first motif, chords of the augmented second and diminished seventh on the strong beats of the second motif.
This realization of the harmony applies equally to the highlighting of the latent harmony of the Bach text. It is likewise for the third variation, which exposes a new counter-subject, articulated--in the first five measures only--by allusions to the bass, which takes on a new character. Busoni, of course sustains this countersubject, confining it to the right hand; but he spells out the implications of the bass, first by spreading out the entire variation, and then by adding the implied harmonies, and finally, adding to the chords thus obtained, the rhythm of the theme. A similar method is found in the fifth variation (also monodic in the original text) whose melody this time is given to the bass, while it is the right hand that allows us to hear the chords in the rhythm (now slightly varied) of the theme.
We should, in finishing with these observations, give a few examples where Busoni's genius goes deeper still into the structure of the text, as he adds elements of his own invention which are necessitated by the score. It is here that we approach the realm of the above-mentioned paraphrase. It is thus, that in the XVth and XXIInd variations, Busoni doesn't limit himself to a simple exposition of the harmony and polyphony in the sense that we have shown up to now. Instead, here he invents new voices: the bass line for the XVth variation (which consists of a marked embellishment of the bass as indicated by Bach) and the middle voice which is transformed into a bass line--from the XXIInd variation (which accompanies the presentation of the theme in sixteenth-notes, flowing from the preceding variation). The most radical approach in this sense is certainly found in the Xth variation. Here, as is often the case, Bach only gives us a monodic structure. This variation is characterized, what's more, by a sub-division which we find frequently during the course of the Chaconne) into two groups of four measures each, of strongly contrasting materials. Busoni's paraphrase concerns the first of these two groups: the original voice (sixteenth-notes) is given to the right hand. To the single-voiced structure, Busoni now adds a subtle parallelism in fourths, augmented fourths, fifths, diminished fifths and sixths. The left hand now adds two new motifs (eighth-notes) in counterpoint (these two motifs naturally being of Busoni's own invention example 16a). Our musician was surely conscious of the success of this passage, because he allows himself here‑‑and for the only time!‑‑an extension of the original text. Indeed, having played the first group of four measures of this variation, in the abovementioned fashion, he gives us a re‑exposition of this group (before moving on to the second four‑measure group) but reversing all the elements, a little in the manner of doublecounterpoint at the octave. Thus, the original melody in sixteenth‑notes (still featuring the same parallel movement) is now in the left hand, while the contrapuntal motifs in eighthnotes is transferred to the higher register of the right hand (example 16b). Here we have a work that goes far beyond the limits of simple transcription, towards a radical effort which completely transcends the concept of a paraphrase in the strict sense of the term.
I would like to add, for my part, that I see no less here than an effort of musical penetration that ventures to the very limits of understanding Bach's compositional process (2), and that such an expansion of the treated material justifies all the liberties that one would take.
Here, one could perhaps object that we have not yet spoken about the fashion in which Busoni has taken on the motivic, harmonic and polyphonic structure of Bach's Chaconne and that the results of our analysis do not, in any way, clarify the genius of Busoni's interpretation nor even his new ideas in the realm of piano writing. Such an objection does not seem to us entirely valid, given that our commentary has already highlighted‑‑be it only by way of simple indications‑‑certain important points which touch upon musical interpretation as well as on piano‑writing. It is clear however, that these points are worth expanding upon.
We will not deal in great depth on the instrumental techniques of the particular transcription in question, because that would involve us in a mass of details and because these aspects of the work are very evident to whomever closely inspects Busoni's text. We will however, draw attention to the following facts:
1. Piano writing, as Busoni found it at the beginning of his career, was dominated by the influence of Liszt and Brahms. From many points of view these two influences are polar opposites, between which it would seem impossible to find common ground. Indeed, the fluid, and often very free writing style of Liszt would seem to be in radical opposition to Brahm's dense and very often compact style. It would take the intervention of a genius like Busoni‑who was at the same time a great composer and a prestigious pianist‑‑to resolve these two forces and mold them into a synthesis, to create new pianistic possibilities. We find such a synthesis frequently in the pages of the present transcription which owes as much to Liszt's concepts (rapid passages in octaves in the left hand, 'flying' arpeggios, etc.) as to those of Brahms (deep bass registers, sequences of tight chord‑voicings, alteration of accents between both hands, etc.).
2. Busoni was working from a text of purely violinistic character, a type of instrumental writing that we could consider one of the foundations of idiomatic violin literature. To transform such writing into an expression which becomes no less pianistic should, by all accounts, present serious challenges which could only be resolved by a musical mind, itself full of imagination, and not limited to the piato thinking of the time. Busoni goes beyond the type of synthesis in question, creating pianistic figures which will transcend the repertoire of the day, giving a glimpse of works to come (those of Ravel in 'Gaspard de la Nuit', for example and certain concepts of Schoenberg). It is both interesting and significant to note that Busoni's most radical innovations are found in the variations that use (in the original text) the most idiomatic figures of the violin, those which seem impossible to transcribe for the piano (3). By all evidence it is here that Busoni's imagination and pianistic vision were put to the greatest test, and it was it was this test that forced him to create solutions of authentic innovation.
The transcription of the Chaconne sheds new light on the art of interpretation of Busoni. It gives us a complete series of tempo and dynamic markings which are not only of great interest in general, but which also reflect some of the great musicians's concerns. We know that the original score did not contain any of this type of indication; whereas here are some of Busoni's most characteristic indications:
Theme: Andante maestoso, ma non troppo lento; nuance: forte.
Var. I: Forte, sempre motto energico et, plus loin, sempre assai marcato.
Var. II: Piano subito.
Var. V: Più mosso, ma misurato; nuance piano au debut, crescendo par la suite.
Var. IX: Un poco a piacere, ma sempre energico a ritmo; nuance fortissimo dans la premiere partie, piano dolce dana la seconds.
Var. X: Sostenuto (piano), plus loin con fuoco anLmato (forte).
Var. XVIII: Allegro moderato ma deciso.
Var. XXVI: Più sostenuto.
Var. XXX: Più vivo.
Var. XXXI: Largamente rnaestoso.
We can clearly see that Busoni's concerns are as much about the problems of tempo and dynamic as they are of pianistic writing and the work of transcription in general. What follows is above all, the desire to present a richly‑varied discourse of contrasts of all sorts, which are extremely nuanced in the choice of tempo and intensity. It is perhaps here that we are allowed to see most clearly, the interpreter's credo, and it is certainly here that we see the great importance that he played in the molding of the aesthetic of modern interpretation.
Finally, at this juncture we should envision several objections; to take all sorts of liberties with the text, be it from the point of view of the actual musical figures themselves (which are inevitably subject to transformation in the course of the transcription), or from the point of view of tempo and dynamic (here, where the original text offers nothing similar). Is this not a classically 'romantic' attitude, coming out of the famous arbitrary musical practice which did so much damage during the 18th century? Does not the figure of Busoni seem more like that of an out‑dated romantic, rather than of one destined to incarnate the very spirit of modern interpretation?
We will not attempt here to enter into the debate, raging still today, the old and well‑worn opposition between 'romantic' and 'modern', a debate which, in our opinion makes no real sense. We merely believe that all music, (and that of Bach above all) is by its very nature romantic. And that all those who, from the Neo-classicism (4 ) of between the two wars, up until the most recent efforts of the complexity and aleatory schools, having revolted against the romanticism of their forerunners, have only succeeded in robbing music of some of its most essential elements. Looked at from this standpoint, the criticism one could make of Busoni's work in transcription loses, obviously, all significance. However there is one more point having to do with transcription and musical interpretation which is important to underscore, and it is here that we can verify the important role Busoni played in these matters.
It is indeed clear that many musicians of the 19th century allowed themselves to take great liberties with the musical scores of others. These abuses are so well known, and have been so often cited, we need not return to this point. It is therefore not surprising that at the dawning of the XXth century we see a new attitude, which can be defined as 'fidelity to the text'. Among the first champions of this new attitude we can list the names of Busoni and Mahler, two artists who would lead a passionate fight against the false traditions and liberties of all sorts which had invaded the repertoire. But at the same time, these two artists were among the first to undertake all manner of additions to the texts they interpreted (5).
It seems obvious that these two artists experienced no contradiction between these two attitudes and what's more, it seems their example has been followed right throughout the present era (6).
How do we resolve such a paradox?
The answer is not easy, and would in and of itself, require an extremely deep philosophical study. However we can, at this time, propose the following short reflections: the art of musical interpretation constitutes an extremely complex musical activity, which depends, above all on a rigorous reading of the musical text to be interpreted and upon the transformation in 'praxi' of a real understanding of the musical figures which this reading gives us. It goes without saying, that for the authentic interpreter, 'fidelity to the text' represents a 'conditio sine qua non', but it also follows that this same fidelity can be manifest in different aspects. First of all, the interpreter brings a certain amount of subjectivity, and the work itself far from being purely objective, has a latent subjectivity as well.
This explains the variations in interpretation from one artist to another, with each remaining absolutely faithful to the text. This can also account for the differences in interpretation fcom one era to another, which are at times, quite marked and can‑‑under certain conditions‑‑reflect, all of them , real value and validity. All this does not mean that errors cannot be committed, or that various abuses can't become commonplace (we know of many, even in our own time which now pass for 'correct') and we now have the means to fight them. Among the errors and abuses, the worst seem tome, those committed in the name of a kind of rigidity of musical interpretation (a kind of 'anti‑romantic' sectarianism) which represents the score as a sort of inanimate object, rather than as a living organism. It is this that Busoni understood. in the highest sense, the same as he possessed, to the highest degree, the ability to transmit a musical work in its life form and with its real effervescence.
In this‑‑and we hope our commentaries on the Chaconne have been able to prove this, to a certain degree‑‑he will remain for us, the model of a great interpreter and a constant source of inspiration and encouragement.
(1). Please see our essay, "Can we still play the violin?" p. 434-447.
From, "Le compositeur et son double", by René Leibowitz - Editions Gallimard 1986.
(2). Let us not forget, there are a great number of examples of this kind of polyphonic composition in all of Bach's work.
(3). Variations XI, XII, XIII, XIV, the second part of Variation XIX and Variations XX, XXIX, XXX.
(4). Paradoxically (or maybe not?) the term is due to Busoni. himself.
(5). We know of many cases concerning the 're‑touches' of Busoni, and we only have to look at the scores of the Schumann Symphonies to see that they were virtually 're‑orchestrated' by Mahler , to see just how far these efforts have gone.
(6). Closer to our own times, artists such as Toscanini and Schnabel, who were thought of as 'purists', manifest the same spirit as that of Mahler and Busoni. Toscanini's personal scores are, at times, full of instrumental 're‑touches', and the famous Schnabel Edition of the Beethoven Sonatas show us tempo and dynamic markings very similar to those we have already highlighted in the transcription of the Chaconne. | <urn:uuid:c69a99ed-99e5-485e-bc05-b7ed250a4bbd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://rodoni.ch/busoni/leibowitzEN.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00384-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956772 | 4,615 | 2.15625 | 2 |
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Date: 1905 ca.
Description: St. Mary's College and Academy.
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Description: The former Astor (American Fur Trading Company) post building, now a museum of local history and fur trading history. There is a sign reading, "The Riversi...
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Date: 1920 ca.
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Date: 1940 ca.
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Date: 1908 ca.
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Date: 1864 after
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Date: 1890 ca.
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I need a little help on this topic.
My class will do a little presentation like a "Client teaching" and this topic is so broad that we have to just address general ones.
If you can give me risk factors associated with Neurological deficits according to age bracket that may apply to:
For kids, wear helmet when playing sports , yada yada yada.... because this may lead to spinal injury, or brain damage.
So can you please help me think of some more?
Thank you very much!
Adults---Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl, Fukishima etc.
When adult females are overexposed to radiation while pregnant, there is risk of severe health issues to their baby. When an unborn baby is exposed to large doses of radiation during the more sensitive stages of development (especially between weeks 8 and 15 of pregnancy), the health consequences can be very serious, especially to the brain.
If occurring during the 8- to15-week stage of pregnancy research has found a high rate of brain damage that resulted in lower IQ and even mental retardation. They also suffered increased risk of other birth defects and stunted growth.
Last edit by Autymn on May 5, '12
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Breakfast, it’s the one meal many of us enjoy the most in our days. When it comes to breakfast, there are so many delicious plates that can fit under the scope of this one meal. Though it depends on the mood of the morning for you to pick the breakfast food that will satisfy your hunger, did you know there is one breakfast food that reigns supreme in the state of California? There are even breakfast foods that are favored by the entire country of the United States!
What are these breakfast foods, and can you guess them? Read on to find out the breakfast foods that steal the state (and the country’s) heart the most! You may even be surprised, or see one of your own favorite foods in this extensive list.
California’s Choice of Breakfast
California is a state with a diverse population and a diverse menu! This state has a variety of different cuisines and food options for all foodies, so what item could possibly be the top choice for many California residents when it comes to a hearty and fueling breakfast? You may be surprised! It was discovered that many residents of California choose to go for a delicious and satisfying breakfast burrito to start the morning. The burrito itself is a big part of California cuisine, so it makes sense that many residents choose a delicious breakfast burrito to kick their morning off.
Breakfast burritos can come in many options, with so many distinct filling options. Do you agree with this choice? Are you a breakfast burrito aficionado yourself? If so, what’s your favorite breakfast burrito?
Popular Breakfast Foods in America
Taking a step back and looking at the bigger picture, there are a few popular breakfast foods in America that many turn to as a delicious start to their day. Some of these breakfast items include avocado toast, breakfast sandwiches, and french toast. Some surprising foods that the country serves up early in the morning include home fries, chicken and waffles, cereal, breakfast wraps, pancakes, and bacon. It’s safe to say many California citizens go for varied options, but breakfast items are a preferred choice for many people nonetheless! Is breakfast your favorite meal of the day? Did you spot one of your own favorite foods on this list?
Breakfast foods are loved by many, and it shows when looking at the extensive list of state’s favorite breakfast foods, and the favorite breakfast foods of the entire country! If you are looking for a coffee shop that offers delicious breakfast items in San Diego, California, then look no further. Come on down to Intazza Coffee Mug & Grub. We love breakfast and coffee here, so we’re always looking to serve customers with some of the best coffee in San Diego! Browse our extensive all-day breakfast menu for a variety of breakfast options to choose from. Enjoy your meal with a freshly brewed coffee, whether you enjoy hot or iced. We look forward to seeing you! | <urn:uuid:50abef89-b468-4eb7-a20e-f858551d289f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forumsvibe.com/top-breakfast-food-in-california/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.945847 | 608 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Definition of verticalness
n. - Quality or state of being vertical. 2
The word "verticalness" uses 12 letters: A C E E I L N R S S T V.
No direct anagrams for verticalness found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after verticalness (in bold), or to aceeilnrsstv in any order:
u - lucrativeness
All words formed from verticalness by changing one letter
Browse words starting with verticalness by next letter | <urn:uuid:e0416cd2-1413-42ec-a330-3d689ea584f4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.morewords.com/word/verticalness/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00141-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.84834 | 113 | 1.914063 | 2 |
We all know the deal with getting our blood pressure checked. The nurse slaps on the cuff, pumps it up, and reads you the numbers - but do you know what those numbers mean? Pay attention next time to get an idea of what your blood pressure reading may be telling you. Read on to understand blood pressure numbers, causes and risk factors of high blood pressure, and the hype about hypertension.
Know Your Numbers
Blood pressure readings come with two numbers: systolic (first) and diastolic (second). The systolic number tells you the pressure while the heart is beating, and the diastolic number represents the pressure when the heart is resting between beats. So, a blood pressure reading of 140/90 means that the systolic number is 140, and the diastolic number is 90.
Here are some ranges to give you an idea of where you stand:
- Normal: Less than 120/80
- Prehypertension: 120-139/80-89
- Stage 1 High Blood Pressure: 140-159/90-99
- Stage 2 High Blood Pressure: 160 and above/100 and above
Why High Blood Pressure?
The heart pumps blood into the arteries to carry blood throughout the body. Testing your blood pressure measures the force of all that blood traveling through the arteries. When these arteries become narrow, blood pressure increases. Almost everyone experiences high blood pressure at some point, even though it takes many years to develop. If left uncontrolled, high blood pressure increases the risk of some serious stuff - heart attacks, strokes, and stress on major organs.
The cause of high blood pressure isn't pinned down, but here are some things to avoid to keep your numbers in check:
- More than 1-2 alcoholic drinks per day
- Too much salt
- Lack of physical activity
- Being overweight or obese
Some risk factors you can't control include:
- Family history
- Chronic kidney disease
- Adrenal and thyroid disorders
- Old age
High blood pressure equals hypertension. Read about the two types of hypertension to learn more.
When the cause of high blood pressure can't be identified, it is called essential hypertension. This can be an unsatisfying diagnosis - if you don't know the cause, how can you fix it? Many times, essential hypertension is linked to risk factors such as age, race, and genetics. This type of hypertension is also affected by the lifestyle choices mentioned above.
When there is a linked cause for high blood pressure, this is known as secondary hypertension. Kidney disease is a common culprit for a secondary diagnosis, but it can be brought on by abnormalities like tumors; this can cause adrenal glands to give off hormones that elevate blood pressure. Estrogen birth control pills and pregnancy can also bump up blood pressure readings.
Whatever your blood pressure may be, it's important to understand what the numbers mean and to track changes as you get older. We are all at risk, so maintaining a healthy lifestyle is the first step to keeping your numbers under control. So, next time you see the nurse grab that cuff, don't be baffled by the reading - get ready to remember your numbers and see where you stand.
The Chester County Hospital offers FREE Blood Pressure Screenings at various locations throughout the month. Visit us online for a schedule and locations. | <urn:uuid:e97e3fa4-824a-4398-a5cc-d9a3f9402961> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.chestercountyhospital.org/news/blog-partners/fig-west-chester/2013/february/understanding-blood-pressure | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00360-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926201 | 683 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Facts and TV Statistics
Facts, figures, studies and surveys on popular entertainment, it's influence and effects.
- A new study in the Journal of Pediatrics says the average eight year old child spends eight hours a day on media.
A teen typically more than 11 hours of media a day
- In 2011, 36% of teens had a smartphone. In 2014, it grew to 79%.
- 13 to 17 year olds send an average of 3,300 texts per month.
- Nearly 43% of kids have been bullied online. 1 in 4 say it has happened
more than once
- Only 1 in 10 kids report bullying to their parents
- More than
58% of children surveyed (ages 14 -17) report having seen a pornographic site on the Internet
or on their phone.
- 50% of teens (aged 3-18) frequently communicate online with someone they've
never met in person
- 37% have received a link to sexually explicit content
1949: 2% of US homes had television.
2007: more than 98% of US homes have at least one television set.
1970: about 7% of homes had cable television.
2008: about 60% of US homes have cable television.
- Children Watching Violent Broadcast TV Shows Exposed to Guns or Bladed Weapons Every 3 Minutes
. See more number on media violence.
- The most violent shows on broadcast TV have essentially similar levels of
violence as the most violent cable TV shows, rendering untrue the popular
assumption that broadcast TV is a “safer” media environment for children
- 2/3 of children in the United States have television sets in their bedrooms.
- Children watch about 28 hours of television a week.
- Children spend more time watching television than time spent in school.
- Children spend more time watching television than in any other activity except sleep.
- Television reaches children at a younger age and for more time than any other socializing institution except the family
More and more homes have multiple TVs, meaning children have greater opportunity to view programs without parental consent or supervision.
- By age 18, a U.S. youth will have seen 16,000 simulated murders and 200,000 acts of violence.
American Psychiatric Association
- In a national opinion poll conducted for TV Guide (8/2/03), 57% of TV viewers said they 'noticed an increase in offensive material on television lately.
Cable Choice Campaign
Shouldn't you have a choice in the
channels you want your children to watch?
75% of American households with more than one child have video game equipment.
Approximately 40% of families with preschoolers own video game equipment.
- 97% of teens ages 12-17 play computer, web, portable, or console games; 50% played games “yesterday.”
Pew Research Center | <urn:uuid:cbba1424-639b-4cb0-ab59-f65e8c114a60> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://w2.parentstv.org/main/Research/Facts.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00145-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937978 | 596 | 3.21875 | 3 |
CMSC INforMS: Study Associates Obesity in Youth, Low Vitamin D Levels with MS Onset and Progression
Wednesday, April 13, 2016
Posted by: Elizabeth Porco
A systematic review of existing medical literature on multiple sclerosis (MS) could shed light on MS causes and predictors for disease progression, and on lifestyle changes — ranging from vitamin D intake to weight loss — that might reduce a person’s risk. The report, “Factors associated with onset, relapses or progression in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review,“ appeared in the journal NeuroToxicology.
Led by Kyla A. McKay of the Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health at University of British Columbia, Vancouver, the researchers reviewed existing medical literature to uncover potential MS risk factors. Studies included those published between 1960 to 2012. The investigators used a total of six databases, and focused on those risk factors that can be modified by lifestyle changes or treatment. They identified 15 systematic reviews and 169 original articles.
Overall, the scientists uncovered several factors that could lead to MS onset and progression. These included Epstein-Barr virus exposure, smoking, low serum vitamin D levels, and adolescent obesity. MS relapse increased with low sunlight exposure, low serum vitamin D levels, upper respiratory infections, and stress. Interestingly, relapses dropped during pregnancy, for unclear reasons. Cigarette smoking also increased long-term MS-associated disability.
Investigators noted that obesity may be the most important factor uncovered by their study. “Emerging research with the greatest potential to impact public health was the suggestion that obesity during adolescence may increase the risk of MS; if confirmed, this would be of major significance,” they wrote.
Clearly, reducing obesity rates should be a major health priority for several reasons, including the impact on the onset of MS. The study also indicated several other lifestyle factors that can be modified to reduce MS risk or severity, including exposure to sunlight, increased vitamin D intake, smoking cessation, and stress reduction. Further studies that prospectively assess these factors, and their impact on MS progression and relapse, are warranted.
MS is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation. Immune cells attack the body’s own myelin, an insulating substance that helps nerve cells to conduct impulses. MS is the most common cause of neurological disability in young adults. There is increasing evidence that neuron death and loss of the axons that extend from neurons also occurs in MS, due to inflammation. MS causes several symptoms, including sensory problems, cognitive deficits, emotional issues, pain, fatigue, balance problems, walking difficulties, and bladder problems.
Alisa Wood, PhD
Multiple Sclerosis New Today
The industry news information and articles are for informational purposes only, and are not intended to represent any trends, partnerships, commitments, or research of the Consortium of MS Centers or any of it's members in any way whatsoever, nor should any party be libel in any way to the reader or to any other person, firm or corporation reading this industry news section. Although the CMSC site includes links providing direct access to other Internet sites, CMSC takes no responsibility for the content or information contained on those other sites, and does not exert any editorial or other control over those other sites. CMSC is providing information and services on the Internet as a benefit and service in furtherance of CMSC's nonprofit and tax-exempt status. CMSC makes no representations about the suitability of this information and these services for any purpose. | <urn:uuid:8fa32f0c-cc39-40e6-894d-0b466c15b068> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mscare.org/news/284671/Industry-News-for-MS-INforMS-CMSC-INforMS-Study-Associates-Obesity-in-.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00447-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932489 | 723 | 2.53125 | 3 |
© JENNIFER J. MERZ
Torn Paper Collage
Jennifer Merz enjoys creating collage illustrations from special papers, fabrics and trims. Her process begins with "sketches" torn from brown paper and develops into intricate, full-color art. She delights in designing colorful pictures that capture the energy and imagination of childhood.
Jennifer has been published by Dutton and Clarion, and received the IRA/CBC Children’s Choice Award for her first picture book, That Dancin’ Dolly.
The above is a page from the CBIG AESOP'S FABLES Illustration Catalog. The PDF may now be downloaded from our website, www.cbig-nyc.com or click HERE to go directly to the page. All 26 participating member illustrations will be posted on this blog during the months of September and October 2011 in the order that they appear in the catalog. | <urn:uuid:4f57570e-4c9f-4089-abec-292246bd54ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://cbig-nyc.blogspot.com/2011/10/aesops-fables-jennifer-j-merz.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00080-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923517 | 190 | 1.539063 | 2 |
The Alienware Steam Machine combines the awesome experience of console gaming with a massive library of over 1000 games, all in full 1080p HD on your TV.
Steam Machines — серия игровых компьютеров, производство и распространение которых началось в 2014 году различными поставщиками, использующими ряд различных спецификаций дизайна, созданных корпорацией Valve.
The Steam Machine, also known as the Steam Box during development, is a pre-built gaming computer designed to operate Valve Corporation's SteamOS through the Steam client. Several computer vendors have engaged with Valve to develop their own versions of Steam Machines...
Only the first three Steam Machines we'll talk about are available on November 10, with the rest launching later in the year—most on November 28.
Steam Machines are the lowest tier of all machines in GregTech. These are made during what is referred to as the Bronze Age. Steam Machines come in two versions: the Bronze version and the High Pressure version.
Update: While Valve has remained mum on its Steam Machine plans, Microsoft seems to be taking influence and applying the Steam Machine principle more viably. Original article continues...
We list Valve's first 14 living-room PCs and everything else you need to know about them.
The Good The Alienware Steam Machine brings Valve's Steam OS concept to life at an affordable price.
A Steam Machine is a PC for your living room.
Steam Machines, also known as Steamboxes, are Valve’s attempt at bringing PC gaming to the living room. | <urn:uuid:8253d51f-0a21-4646-8828-e1894e09c53f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ecobin.kz/?query=steam+machines | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00536-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.865151 | 483 | 1.5625 | 2 |
One of the biggest differences between the XNA content pipeline and the way many people are used to loading their game assets is that with the content pipeline, games no longer read directly from standard asset formats like .X, .BMP, and .FX. Instead, we process those files into a specialized binary format at the same time as compiling your game code.
The idea of processing assets during the build will be familiar to anyone who has worked on a console game, but may come as a surprise to people from a Windows background. There are actually several reasons why this is a good idea:
- Windows has a very rich programming environment with many helper programs and libraries that can be useful for loading and converting asset files. Most of these libraries are not available on Xbox, so the only way to get access to them is to pre-process the assets on a Windows machine.
- Game consoles only have limited amounts of RAM, and no virtual memory. Asset processing can need a lot of temporary memory, so it makes sense to run this on Windows during the build process.
- Converting game assets into a format that is ready to render can take a long time. If we did this work while loading the asset, it would slow down load times for everyone who plays the game. By moving processing operations to the build process, the developer only has to process the content once, after which it can be loaded nice and quickly for everyone who plays the game.
- By processing assets during the build, we can throw away any data that is not actually required by the game. This minimizes the size of the final game distributable.
- The more processing work is done during the build, the more errors can be reported up front, rather than only being spotted as a runtime crash when you later try to load that content.
But what if you need to convert content yourself, outside of XNA Game Studio Express? For instance what if you want to use the content pipeline in a level editor, or to convert user provided assets so that modders can extend your game?
You’re in luck, because all the content pipeline build functionality is exposed as an MSBuild task. I won’t go into details about MSBuild here (you can find more about it on MSDN, or using Google), other than to explain that MSBuild runs tasks as described by XML project files. In fact the .csproj files that you load into Game Studio Express are just a special kind of MSBuild project.
So to manually build content, you simply have to generate an MSBuild project that invokes the content pipeline, run it using MSBuild, and then load in the compiled .xnb files that will have been created for you.
Here is an example MSBuild project that uses the content pipeline to build a single file called MyTexture.tga:
<UsingTask TaskName=”BuildContent” AssemblyName=”Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline, Version=188.8.131.52, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=6d5c3888ef60e27d” />
<XnaInstall>C:\Program Files\Microsoft XNA\XNA Game Studio Express\v1.0\References\Windows\x86</XnaInstall>
<PipelineAssembly Include=”$(XnaInstall)\Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.TextureImporter.dll” />
<BuildContent SourceAssets=”@(Content)” PipelineAssemblies=”@(PipelineAssembly)” TargetPlatform=”Windows” />
If you save this XML into a file called test.proj, you can then run this from the commandline by invoking “msbuild test.proj”. | <urn:uuid:62c5b044-2997-47e8-92c2-744cd09b66d5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/shawnhar/2006/11/07/build-it-ahead-of-time/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00173-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.876293 | 800 | 1.945313 | 2 |
You are here
China cuts bank reserve ratio requirement
[BEIJING] China's central bank announced on Sunday it would cut the level of funds that commercial banks must hold in reserve by one percentage point, the second such move this year to boost lending.
The move, effective Monday, comes days after the world's second largest economy reported its worst quarterly growth figure for six years.
In a statement on its website, the People's Bank of China (PBoC) said it will give an additional one-percentage-point RRR cut to banks for agricultural services and a further two-percentage-point cut to the Agricultural Development Bank of China.
It will also give a 0.5 percent cut to certain banks that give agricultural or small-business loans.
The cuts will "further enhance the ability of financial institutions to support restructuring," the PBoC said.
The reduction in the reserve requirement ratio (RRR) - the amount of cash banks must keep on hand - follows a similar move in early February, which was the first across-the-board cut since May 2012.
China's gross domestic product (GDP) growth slowed to 7.0 per cent in the first quarter from 7.3 per cent in the final three months of last year, marking the worst result in six years. | <urn:uuid:8c3168e3-a3a7-452d-be24-fee043c1ffa1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/china-cuts-bank-reserve-ratio-requirement | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00090-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952595 | 271 | 1.65625 | 2 |
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) typically grows to a height of 120 feet with leaves as long as 60 feet long. Its fruit is 1 to 3 inches in length and sweet once fully ripe. Date palms need a warm climate, with temperatures above 64 F in order to flower and bear fruit. They grow best in USDA hardiness zone 11. Unlike many broadleaf trees, date palms do not need their root ball wrapped during transplantation.
Dig a hole twice the diameter of the date palms container. Make the depth of the hole deep enough to allow the root-shoot interface to sit 1 inch below the soil's surface.
Remove the date palm from the container. Slide a long knife along the inside of the container, between the pot and the dirt. Carefully grasp the date palm by the base of the trunk and pull it out of the container.
Place the date palm in the center of the hole. Fill in the hole, around the root ball of the palm, with soil.
Top-dress the date palm with a nitrogen-rich fertilizer. Apply 1.5 lbs. of fertilizer per 100 square feet of area. Spread the fertilizer, in an even layer, directly over the root ball and outwards 6 to 12 inches.
Create a circular mound of dirt around the perimeter of where the root ball is planted, to form a barrier. Water the date palm, within this barrier, every second day, for the next six to eight months.
Water the palm after the establishment period only during periods of drought. | <urn:uuid:ca4bf013-a182-49c4-ad33-e02a23eec1cd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gardenguides.com/122849-transplant-date-palms.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00150-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.898313 | 314 | 3.109375 | 3 |
PINE BLUFF, Ark. – University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (UAPB) Biology professor Dr. Joseph Onyilagha was recognized and listed among the top 25 Professors at Affordable Historically Black Colleges at affordablecollegesonline.com for his research on the origins of the genetic code using the standard amino acid alphabet to track early and late components in code evolution.
“I am excited about the recognition,” said Onyilagha. “This is for my department (Biology) and UAPB – it shows the high quality research coming out of [the institution]. Through this research, NASA has recognized our University as an institution with serious scientific thinkers and doers”.
Dr. Onyilagha was one of five recipients of the 2013 NASA award to conduct research in Astrobiology. His research goal is to update scientific knowledge on the emergence of a standard alphabet of 20 genetically encoded amino acids. The research will explore the idea that the standard amino acid alphabet comprises a mixture of “early” versus “late” members; that is, some amino acids were available prebiotically and were therefore present from the start of genetic coding; others evolved later, as “inventions” of early metabolism. Dr. Onyilagha will analyze the metabolic pathways at work in living organisms (and the molecules responsible for producing them) so as to provide evidence-based information into ancient molecular evolution, such as the steps by which life’s biochemical framework first emerged.
Dr. Onyilagha has presently received additional funding from NASA to present his findings at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference at Woodlands, Texas in March. He will be attending this conference with one undergraduate student.
About Affordable Colleges Online
Affordable Colleges Online takes a four-pronged approach to managing college costs.
They aim to educate so that potential students are aware of their options for obtaining a degree and, most importantly, for paying for one. They look for the most affordable options in online study, two-year, four-year, public and private colleges and the financial aid options are available. They also serve as a repository for college-related issues, the latest research, how the government is responding, and helps prospective college students analyze their options. | <urn:uuid:c67d8d83-92a2-4e57-92df-67e8c69ff7b3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://uapbnews.wordpress.com/2014/01/22/biology-professor-listed-among-top-25-for-hbcus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00000-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954045 | 475 | 2.3125 | 2 |
The impact of the Irish famine of 1845-1852 was unparalleled in both political and psychological terms. The effects of famine-related mortality and emigration were devastating, in the field of literature no less than in other areas. In this incisive new study, Melissa Fegan explores the famine's legacy to literature, tracing it in the work of contemporary writers and their successors, down to 1919.
Dr Fegan examines both fiction and non-fiction, including journalism, travel-narratives and the Irish novels of Anthony Trollope. She argues that an examination of famine literature that simply categorizes it as 'minor' or views it only as a silence or an absence misses the very real contribution that it makes to our understanding of the period. This is an important contribution to the study of Irish history and literature, sharply illuminating contemporary Irish mentalities.
"An extensive and valuable studyThe work is comprehensive and a good introduction to the broad range of responses to that 'great calamity.'"--Nineteenth-Century Contexts
"A considerable contribution to the ongoing debate on the Great Irish Famine"-- The Historian
"A valuable and sophisticated negotiation between the disciplines of history and literature."--Times Literary Supplement.
"This book makes an important contribution, providing a fuller understanding of literature that some scholars have labeled minor."--Choice | <urn:uuid:1737a896-3efb-4371-9e31-d669a5d3d325> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://englishtips.org/1150849823-literature-and-the-irish-famine-1845-1919-oxford.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00288-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926007 | 273 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Yoga lovers practice yoga in their own ways. On one hand, there are plenty of yoga forms that focus on the physical transformation of your body. However, on the other hand, various yoga styles abundantly use Pranayama and meditation practices. That is where Kriya Yoga comes into action.
Let’s have a lookout at a brief description of Kriya yoga. Then you can go through different types of Kriya yoga. Keep reading.
What is Kriya Yoga?
The practice of Kriya Yoga consists of various Pranayama and meditation practices that aim towards spiritual alignment. Hence, it is a practice to aid your spiritual awakening process. Moreover, it focuses on the control of energy by practicing different breathing mechanisms.
When a yoga practitioner steps up to learn Kriya yoga, a yoga master stays for the whole process. Moreover, the practitioner is enlightened only after the completion of the initial ceremony. Hence, Kriya yoga is one of the most sacred and pure yoga practices.
Different Forms of Kriya Yoga
Let’s have a quick reading of various types of kriyas involved in Kriya yoga. Roll further.
This Kriya is practiced for better eyesight. In this practice, the practitioner focuses on a particular object for the longest time without breaking the gaze. The Trataka Kriya is practiced while sitting comfortably in a Lotus position.
Consistent practice improves eyesight and removes any eye diseases naturally. Not just that, it improves your concentration and mind power.
The Neti kriya is practiced to cleanse the upper nasal tracts. Moreover, it is also known as Jala Neti Kriya. Furthermore, it is done to remove the toxins from the nasal passage. Also, it protects you from cold, flu, or sinus.
It ensures your nose is not blocked if you remain in pollution for too much time. Also, Neti kriya increases the time frame of your hair to turn white.
This is a breathing practice that awakens the sleeping brain cells. Moreover, it is practiced just before preparing for Pranayama practice. The Kapalbhati kriya includes proper inhalation and exhalation of breath to clean the lower breathing tract.
Consistent practice of Kapalbhati kriya clears the mind from negative thoughts. It improves your focus and concentration that provides you peace of mind.
Also Read: What is Kripalu Yoga
Dhauti is a part of Shatkarma that works toward cleansing your body. It is related to dhoti and washing the cloth before starting the practice. To begin with, take a 2 to 3 inches wide and 7 to 8 inches long cloth. Make sure it is a piece of soft cotton.
Soak this clean piece of cloth in luke water and start eating it from one end. However, you might not be able to take it completely, so practice every day to perform better. It improves your digestion and omits bacteria from your stomach.
It is a perfect kriya for the lower digestive tract. Vasti kriya aims at cleansing the lower abdomen of your body. It consists of sucking in water through your anus and then performing a stomach lock. This allows the water to roam inside your abdomen that helps in cleaning the digestive system from the inside.
Moreover, this kriya is perfect for every yoga dosha. Furthermore, it strengthens the inner lining of your abdomen and cures various digestive issues without any hassle.
Nauli kriya is for abdominal muscles and other internal organs. It is one of the most important elements of Kriya yoga. This Kriya yoga practice consists of four types of movements which involves various abdomen movements.
More emphasis goes to breathing out every bit of air, holding your breath, and moving the inside of your stomach from left to right. Hence, it improves your concentration and bodily control.
Kriya yoga is more of a purification technique to get rid of every possible toxin from your body. Moreover, it strengthens your weak internal organs along with your breathing tract. This allows free movement of air in and out of your body.
Moreover, when your body is clean and pure, it becomes easy to have a strong connection with your mind and inner being. Hence, you walk towards spiritual awakening without any issue.
Read More: Yoga Instructions for Beginners | <urn:uuid:b1733d4b-1a19-40c0-b7ff-f6f551f39c5e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yogateachers.training/kriya-yoga/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.929479 | 960 | 2.40625 | 2 |
The sun information shown here applies to Paris, France on July 3, 2023. (Local time Europe/Paris UTC+2) Change the date
|Solar Noon||13:54:49 (64.1°)|
The position of the sun, the times of dawn, sunrise, sunset and dusk shown below apply to Paris on July 3, 2023 and come from data published by the Earth System Research Laboratory of the United States of America. For a month overview, please read July 2023 sun calendar.
|Salida del Sol||05:52:14||05:56:19||00:04:05|
|Puesta del Sol||21:53:00||21:57:04||00:04:04| | <urn:uuid:655ce844-4fad-4537-812c-1f495fbc1735> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vercalendario.info/en/sun/france-3-july-2023.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.658933 | 358 | 1.5625 | 2 |
WASHINGTON -- Gun control advocates are pressuring Congress to derail a bill that would facilitate what they see as a "race to the bottom" in terms of state-based concealed weapons legislation.
On Wednesday, Newark, N.J. Mayor Cory Booker, a member of the coalition Mayors Against Illegal Guns, released a video calling the National Right-to-Carry Reciprocity Act, which would require states that allow concealed carrying of guns to recognize each other's permits, an "insane" policy that puts civilians and police officers "at risk."
"We cannot have a situation where Congress passes a law and the next thing you know is people are showing up in your community with hidden weapons that you, your state legislature, your mayors don't want to have happen," he said.
In a separate but related move, the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence placed a full-page ad in the Boston Globe on Wednesday, urging Sen. Scott Brown (R-Mass.) to oppose any bill that would achieve nationwide concealed carry reciprocity among states.
That gun control advocates have already begun lobbying for Brown's vote says something about the politics of the issue. The House Judiciary Committee was slated to consider the National Right-to-Carry Reciprocity Act (H.R. 822) last week. While it never got around to a vote, a committee spokesperson said that lawmakers would consider the bill when they returned next week. It is widely expected to be both voted out of committee to the full House of Representatives and, from there, passed by a comfortable majority (it currently has 245 co-sponsors in the Republican-controlled House).
The Senate, therefore, represents a better avenue for advocates hoping to stop the legislation. The bill dictates that a person "carrying a concealed handgun" legally under his or her state law "shall be permitted to carry a handgun subject to the same conditions or limitations that apply to residents of the State who have permits issued by the State or are otherwise lawfully allowed to do so by the State."
According to gun control advocates familiar with legislative strategy on the issue, there are two prevailing concerns when it comes to the bill's trajectory in the upper chamber. The first is that it will be attached as an amendment to a more critical, larger piece of legislation -- perhaps the appropriations bill that will soon come under consideration. The second is that a number of Democrats who back the Second Amendment will feel pressured by the gun lobby to offer their support. One advocate suggested that Sen. Mark Begich (D-Alaska) would be a likely target. Max Croes, a spokesperson for Begich, said that he has yet to consider the concealed carry amendment.
How will Donald Trump’s first 100 days impact YOU? Subscribe, choose the community that you most identify with or want to learn more about and we’ll send you the news that matters most once a week throughout Trump’s first 100 days in office. Learn more | <urn:uuid:88bca123-3e2d-427a-8711-5143979755ac> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/19/cory-booker-concealed-weapons-legislation_n_1020188.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00490-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965591 | 603 | 1.609375 | 2 |
This article lists all information about CH4 8DB postcode, such as Residential Properties, Schools, and nearby places. Other information listed are property sales data, trends, estimated property prices, etc.
It also covers Mailing address Info, Location Information, Map and directions, and Administrative details. You also get various information from the census like population, poverty, health index, etc.
NE31 1BP is a residential postcode in Hebburn, Tyneside. NE31 1BP postcode is currently an active postcode. You can use the postcode to send mail within the building of the matched address closest to the postcode mean. According to the 2011 census, NE31 1BP has 9 properties within its service area. NE31 1BP is located in Hebburn North, South Tyneside region with center coordinates 54.97846500, -1.52087800.
The population of NE31 1BP postcode is 6, and all individuals are eligible to receive mail through Royal Mail Service.
Properties in NE31 1BP area have been sold 2 times from 1995 to 2022. To get detailed information on sales, View the sales table below.
Property Map of NE31 1BP
Geography And Location Details
|Grid Reference Code||NZ307649|
NE31 1BP postcode has center coordinates [54.97846,-1.52088]. Altitude reading for the postcode is 32 Meters above sea level. The postcode location can also be represented using #NZ307649 National grid reference number.
History And Statistics
|Last Updated||August 2022|
|Mail Frequency||Low (Postcode Recieves < 25 Mail per day)|
|Postcode Range||Within the building of the matched address closest to the postcode mean|
This Royal mail postcode was first introduced and became servicable in 1980-01-01. Total number of mails recieved in NE31 1BP is less than 25 mails per day. Mails getting delivered may take longer than normal as per Royal Mail records. Postcode range is limited to one specified apartment or building exactly at specified lat,long.
|Rural / Urban||Urban major conurbation|
|Poverty Ratio (IOMD)||
11035 / 32779
|Census Output Area||E00043875|
|Built Up Area||Tyneside|
|Built Up SubDivision||Hebburn|
|Lower Layer Output Super Area||South Tyneside 010B|
|Middle Layer Output Super Area||South Tyneside 010|
This location is an urban major conurbation. According to 2011 census, 33.66% of the people in NE31 1BP is below poverty.
|St Aloysius' RC Voluntary Aided Junior School||NE31 1BQ|
|St Aloysius RC Voluntary Aided Infant School||NE31 1RZ|
|The Sue Hedley Nursery School||NE31 1QY|
|Hebburn Lakes Primary School||NE31 2SL|
|Keelman's Way School||NE31 1QY|
Properties in NE31 1BP
Manhattan Hair Salon & Tanning Centre, 3 Ellison Street, HEBBURN, Tyne and Wear, NE31 1BPView Property
Property Sales In NE31 1BP
|10 ELLISON STREET, HEBBURN, NE31 1BP||Flat / Maisonette (Leasehold)||£38,000
Demographic of property sales [1995-2022]
Latest Property Sales Value
|Average Property Price in 2022||167320 GBP|
|Average Price of Flats in 2022||116095 GBP|
|Average Price of Terraced property in 2022||129254 GBP|
|Average Price of Semi-Detached property in 2022||199217 GBP|
|Average Price of Detached Property in 2022||402518 GBP|
Frequently Asked Questions
You can send mail to anyone living in NE31 1BP through Royal Mail Service.
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The recent average sale price of a property in NE31 1BP is 167320 GBP. But pricing may vary depending on the property type, For more details check the above table.
Find all schools near the postcode listed in the schools section of this article.
There are 4 properties in NE31 1BP as per Royal mail database. | <urn:uuid:e5d908f6-4b56-4307-9ac9-ce05b4a64dac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zestate.co.uk/postcode/NE31%201BP | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.837193 | 1,148 | 1.5625 | 2 |
With only 10 years left to reach Sustainable Development Goal 7, which calls for ensuring “access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all”, including universal access to clean cooking, an estimated two billion people are in danger of being left behind.
The Pathways to Clean Cooking 2050: Leaving No-one Behind conference will explore recent advances and probe continuing challenges. It proposes to focus attention on reaching the furthest behind first, with topics such as:
- Households and settings
- Evaluating pathways to modern, sustainable cooking energy systems
- Impact-based finance for cleaner cooking
- Modern, clean, sustainable bio-energy in a low-income country context
- Policy options for a just transition to modern, sustainable cooking energy systems
- Transitional and hybrid multiple fuel-device cooking systems
Organisers: Microsol, Samuchit, IFGH, RCSI, Hestian, IIES – UNAM, Solid Biofuels Cluster, EnAct, , EnDev, Ryan Institute.
You can follow Conference Live on Zoom by clicking the links that show HERE: http://www.pathways2cleancooking.info/wexford-2019.html | <urn:uuid:374a28a7-54f1-4d7c-862b-bb0c2fac4ae7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://clusterbcs.com/en/pathways-to-clean-cooking-2050-leaving-no-one-behind/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.851538 | 247 | 2.515625 | 3 |
This is a guest post by Lee Hower of Boston venture capital firm NextView Ventures.
The rise of crowdfunding in the last three to five years as a source of capital has been remarkable. Tech startups and potential investors have had greater access to one another than ever before, and beyond the startup world, a broad array of projects have been able to successfully seek capital via crowdfunding.
But contrary to some speculation about the two overlapping in their uses, crowdfunding and VC seed funding can each be raised for distinctly different situations.
Navigating Crowdfunding Platforms
Before understanding which approach is right for your company, we need to first parse the crowdfunding universe a little bit, as people use this as a catch-all term encompassing a range of different activities across distinct ecosystems. To clarify some of the nuance:
Equity Crowdfunding – This is crowdfunding activity that comes directly in the form of investors buying equity (or convertible debt which is akin to equity) in startups themselves. Because of SEC rules on investing in private companies, this type of funding could only come from “accredited” investors who meet certain thresholds of wealth or income. The primary equity crowdfunding marketplace has been AngelList of course, though there are others like FundersClub. And once the specific rules of the JOBS Act take effect, you may see other platforms get involved in equity crowdfunding.
“Project” Marketplace Crowdfunding – This is crowdfunding for a wide range of projects ranging from creative endeavors (books, movies, bands, etc.) to inventions to non-profit organizations. Typical platforms include IndieGoGo, Kickstarter, Quirky, and more. Funders’ contributions are essentially donations (which is why this is sometimes referred to as “donation crowdfunding”) that don’t entitle them to a slice of ownership in the company raising the capital, but rather perks like recognition or pre-ordered products.
Vertical Crowdfunding – Similar to the broad crowdfunding marketplaces, we’ve been hearing about these industry-specific crowdfunding platforms more and more in the last 12-18 months. They target a particular vertical or type of business (e.g. CrowdStreet for real estate projects or Dragon Innovation for hardware/device companies).
So when does crowdfunding make sense for a tech startup?
Project or donation crowdfunding can make sense for startups building a consumer product, typically with at least some physical hardware component. There are now many examples of companies that raised non-dilutive capital for building early versions of their product via crowdfunding prior to raising VC capital — Oculus is perhaps the best known example because of their ultimate acquisition by Facebook. But SmartThings, OUYA, and other consumer product startups have taken a similar path.
Also, there are a lot of product inventions or businesses for which VC funding may not be a good fit, in which case crowdfunding may be a viable alternative for getting things off the ground. (For instance, perhaps the company won’t be venture scale and thus won’t attract that kind of funding.) The advantages of project crowdfunding can be the potential to raise a small amount of early capital quickly. In addition, project crowdfunding can be a useful way to identify and connect with early adopter customers who provide feedback and are loyal ambassadors for your brand.
But for those startups doing something other than a consumer product, project crowdfunding usually isn’t a viable path. And even those startups that do raise some capital through project crowdfunding often still seek a VC round either at the seed or Series A or B stages. Furthermore, while a few high profile successes raise hundreds of thousands or even millions in their campaigns, the average amount raised from a crowdfunding campaign is less than $10,ooo. So unless you have dramatically successful campaign, project crowdfunding won’t raise a substantial sum for your startup.
What about equity crowdfunding?
Equity crowdfunding is still in its infancy. When platforms like AngelList started, the knock was that these marketplaces weren’t effective for raising a seed round from a standing start. If you had half of a $1 million round already committed from name-brand investors, AngelList certainly could help you fill out the remainder of the round, but it wasn’t much help getting you from $0 to something meaningful — so goes popular opinion.
But in the last year or so, the dynamic has changed. More angel and VC investors are on AngelList than a few years ago, in addition to the launch of “syndicates” (groups of investors coming together and often partnering with more institutional VCs). This means some prolific angel investors can now speak for a larger portion of a seed round and act as a lead investor. These trends, together with the rise in even more equity crowdfunding platforms emerging, means that this option to fundraising can play an important role in raising capital for a broad range of startups — though it should be noted that even those that raise some of their round through these platforms typically connect with VCs and angels the old fashioned way too.
As with “offline” channels, one platform won’t make up the entirety of a startup’s fundraise in most cases. Usually, it takes several approaches and combinations of warm intros, syndicate partnerships, CEO referrals, cold outreach, accelerator demo days, and now, crowdfunding platforms (and many more avenues) … all worked in tandem by the entrepreneur to successfully raise.
When are VC seed rounds the best option?
VC seed rounds are a good fit for innovative tech startups with the potential of building a “venture” scale business: roughly the potential to go from startup to a $50-100 million revenue business with an enterprise value of hundreds of millions or billions in 5-10 years.
These are companies that are likely to go on to raise substantial additional VC capital as they grow. The potential advantages of raising a VC seed instead of (or in some cases, in addition to) pursuing project or equity crowdfunding include:
• Highly-engaged, value added investors (relative to smaller and/or passive investors via crowdfunding).
• Investor syndicate which has greater capacity for follow-on investment in future funding rounds.
• Name-brand recognition of your investors, which can be helpful in hiring talent or gaining credibility with partners, press, and future investors.
To be clear, none of this is a black or white choice. Some startups may be a fit for VC seed, some for crowdfunding of various types, some both, and some neither. The rise of crowdfunding platforms coupled with increased options for angel or VC seed capital means entrepreneurs today have a broader array of choices for startup funding than 10 years ago.
Finding backers for a speculative new venture is about finding the true believers rather than convincing the skeptics. So entrepreneurs who carefully consider which paths might be the best for their startup, and where they might be more likely to find true believers, are certainly more likely to have a successful and more efficient fundraising process.
Lee Hower is a co-founder and partner at the seed-stage VC firm, NextView Ventures. | <urn:uuid:24e3b318-094c-4223-8e77-1c17831b2a7e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.betaboston.com/news/2014/07/14/crowdfunding-vs-vc-seed-rounds-which-makes-sense/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00523-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943975 | 1,446 | 1.820313 | 2 |
The Federal Emergency Management Agency wrongly released the personal information of 2.3 million survivors of devastating 2017 hurricanes and wildfires.
A Homeland Security Department’s Office of Inspector General report found the breach occurred when FEMA was working with a contractor that helps provide temporary housing to those affected by disasters.
The contractor was given names, last four digits of a Social Security number and how many people live in a household, which are are required to confirm eligibility and locate housing for victims. But FEMA also provided the contractor with bank names, electronic funds transfer numbers and bank transit numbers that were not required, the report said.
The report included information on 2.3 million people that were affected through Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Maria and California wildfires.
The report also said that FEMA violated both federal privacy laws and Homeland Security policy by giving the extra data to the contractor. | <urn:uuid:4cf54b50-5e6d-4bf2-8349-5c3702dcb199> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://buyfirewall.com/fema-improperly-shared-personal-information-of-natural-disaster-victims/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.96641 | 172 | 2.21875 | 2 |
More than 1.5 million over 55s say they will have to carry on working after reaching the state retirement age as they have not saved enough for old age, new Scottish Widows figures show.
A lack of savings means 26 per cent of those over the age of 55 will have to delay retirement, a survey by the financial services provider shows.
For four in ten of this age group, receiving a state pension will not be enough to allow them to continue living the life they are used to.
Ian Naismith, head of pensions market development at Scottish Widows, commented on what he called the division between haves and have-nots in the over 55 age group.
"The haves generally have good employer pensions, often based on their final salary, and can retire at or before state pension age with good incomes," he explained.
However, Mr Naismith noted that the have-nots are discovering they have to carry on working for longer than they had planned, "just to make ends meet".
Recently, EveryInvestor claimed that tax incentives for pensions need to be improved in order to motivate basic rate taxpayers to save for retirement.
Learn more about early retirement
and get pension | <urn:uuid:173f9052-eec7-4da4-ac5f-484542436ccb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fairinvestment.co.uk/News/pension-news-Scottish-Widows-highlights-pension-concerns-18286687.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00567-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971773 | 248 | 1.914063 | 2 |
In today’s world, people are cautious about strangers. A name badge is an instant introduction that tells a person who you are and where you work. So, you’re no longer a stranger. A name badge tells others that you’re a professional.
At a conference, mixer or any event with a large number of people in attendance, a name badge is much more professional than a sticker, and it’s much easier for others to read.
- Help people remember you
- Include a logo and improve brand awareness
- Maximize your networking efforts
Front-line staff should consider first names only and position within the company. Executives should use full names. | <urn:uuid:a72a2160-703d-4bc9-9307-6f8e4e984a0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://austintrophies.com/custom-signs/name-badges/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.931729 | 143 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Presidential Politics and the Environment
Air Date: Week of June 18, 1999
Announcements of candidacy have come from both presidential frontrunners in the past week. But when it comes to the environment, neither candidate has a clear platform. Steve talks with Living On Earth’s political observer Mark Hertsgaard about what’s at stake as Vice President Gore and Governor Bush jockey for the environmental vote.
CURWOOD: This is Living on Earth. I'm Steve Curwood. Recently the Clinton Administration announced that it wants to push back the global warming treaty, the Kyoto Protocol, until the year 2001, a move it says will give negotiators more time to develop the treaty's "complicated compliance mechanisms." By then, a new President will be in office. And as the environment has become a more important issue to voters, the 2 Presidential frontrunners are finding that their positions on the issue are being watched more closely. Joining us now from the studios of member station KQED in San Francisco is Living on Earth's political observer, Mark Hertsgaard. Hi, Mark.
HERTSGAARD: Hi, Steve.
CURWOOD: Mark, it seems like every other country is ready for this convention to happen next year, and in fact nine countries have already ratified the treaty just as it is. Why does the US want this extra time? Do you think Vice President Gore is trying to push the big decision here past the next election?
HERTSGAARD: I suspect that's part of it. But it's also important to remember that the United States has been the main foot-dragger on the global warming issue throughout the 1990s, going way back to the Earth Summit in '92, when again, a vast majority of the nations around the world signed that treaty. But our government, led by then-President George Bush, declined to sign it. So this is part of a larger pattern.
CURWOOD: So, if this treaty does get pushed back, and under the rules I think the United States has the power to do this, it's going to be an issue for whoever gets sworn in as President in the year 2001. What are the politics of that?
HERTSGAARD: They're very interesting politics. Of course, most people would think, well, this is Al Gore's signature issue, global warming, and we know how he'll deal with it. But to me, the most fascinating part of this, is that Governor Bush of Texas, the presumed Republican frontrunner, has recently announced that he has discovered that global warming is real after all. At a press conference on May 12th in Austin, he told reporters that, quote, "I believe there is global warming," unquote. Now, this from a man who just a few weeks before had been saying that the science is still out on global warming, which was sort of the basic industry boilerplate position, marks a major shift. And I think it's something that the political reporters in this country have largely overlooked. But it shows that Governor Bush and his advisers recognize something about Presidential politics that the reporters don't. Which is that the environmental vote matters, and you cannot be elected President in this country, in this day and age, unless you at least sound like you're an environmentalist. And you cannot sound like you're an environmentalist if you're saying that global warming is not real.
CURWOOD: Interesting, then. You see the Republican frontrunner moving to a harder line on climate change, and some would say that the Democratic Administration, with Gore who's been so interested in the environment, is softer on this issue.
HERTSGAARD: It sure looks that way, and it's interesting. Bush is, in effect, saying to Gore: Look, you can't take the environmental vote for granted. And I think Vice President Gore has done that throughout most of the eight years in office. The assumption is that look, the environmentalists have no place else to go, I'm the guy who wrote the book on the environment, and they're going to support me. But when you look at Gore's record on this, it's not that strong. For example, the single greatest measure that the Clinton Administration could have taken against global warming would have been to increase the fuel efficiency standards in this country, up to 45 miles a gallon. That's what Bill Clinton promised to do when he was running for President in 1992, but as soon as he got in the White House that plan was dropped. And a whole other series of initiatives have also been watered down. So, I think it's going to be hard for Gore to say hey, I'm the guy who has delivered on this issue.
CURWOOD: I'm wondering if the reason that Gore backed away from this is the fear that it will be too costly economically to deal with climate change.
HERTSGAARD: I'm sure that's a large part of it. He relies on labor union support, he relies on donations from big companies, he doesn't want to look like he's an environmental extremist. But it's quite ironic, because he showed, Gore showed in his book, that he knows better than that. And the evidence is very strong from throughout the world that fighting global warming is actually good for economies. It makes you money. You can go to Germany and see that in Japan. And even here in the United States, there's a new book out this month called Cool Companies, by Joseph Romm, that shows how big American firms are actually making money, getting returns of investment 50% and 100% by reducing their greenhouse gas emissions. We're talking about companies like Compaq and 3M and Hewlett-Packard and Toyota. These are not marginal players in the world economy. And the political candidate who is smart enough to recognize how you can link the environment with the economy, which is the issue that really decides most Presidential elections, is going to have a very strong campaign. It remains to be seen whether George Bush or Al Gore or perhaps someone else will have the wit to do that.
CURWOOD: Mark Hertsgaard is Living on Earth's political observer. His latest book is called Earth Odyssey: Around the World in Search of Our Environmental Future. Mark, always a pleasure.
HERTSGAARD: Thank you, Steve.
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Buy a signed copy of Mark Seth Lender's book Smeagull the Seagull & support Living on Earth | <urn:uuid:80382a46-e8ee-468b-b6de-f242ba3af403> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.loe.org/shows/segments.html?programID=99-P13-00025&segmentID=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.970441 | 1,555 | 2.203125 | 2 |
National Offer Day - Has your child missed out on their first-choice primary school?
11:35 16 April 2014
Children across England are learning today which primary school they will be attending from this autumn.
For the first time this year, families in every area of the country are finding out at the same time which school they have been allocated on the primary National Offer Day.
It has been suggested that tens of thousands of four-year-olds could miss out on their first-choice place this year, with predictions that up to one in three will lose out in some areas, particularly in major cities that are facing a shortage of places.
Councils and schools have been facing an increasing squeeze on school places, particularly for primary-age children, partly fuelled by a rising birth rate in recent years and the impact of immigration.
• Has your child missed out on their first-choice primary school? Let us know by posting a comment below. | <urn:uuid:e6e8d176-fb7d-4594-8e6c-f0b8baf70806> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.eveningnews24.co.uk/news/education/national_offer_day_has_your_child_missed_out_on_their_first_choice_primary_school_1_3561338 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00126-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977191 | 193 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Make photographic type prints using just sun and water. Sunprint paper goes through a unique chemical change when exposed to light. Try this fun experiment, and watch an image emerge before your very eyes!
- 12 sheets of Sunprint paper, 1 acrylic sheet
- 4 × 4 inches
- Age 6 to adult | <urn:uuid:d811c8cc-334e-4ef1-900a-aa1ac196595e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shop.nga.gov/sunprint-kit | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.876464 | 67 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Giorgi Sisauri (Born February 10th, 1996) is a Georgian artist of the 21st century, calligraphic master, graphic artist, miniaturist, poet, and prose writer. He is called “Genius of Modernity.” He is the author of 5 books, 600 graphic and 200 calligraphic works, at the age of 22.
Giorgi Sisauri was born in Tbilisi, Georgia on 10th February 1996. He started drawing from an early age. From 2 years, he could distinguish the works of his father and uncle from one another. A special interest and talent in painting of the fourth born child in the family of artists was noted by the parents, who helped Giorgi fully develop his talent. At the age of 7, Giorgi began to paint biblical scenes, portraits, figurative, and abstract compositions. He independently created the most difficult geometric compositions and series on various secular and religious topics. At the same time he actively participated in various art competitions, where he received numerous awards. From 2008, at the age of 12, his artistic vision altogether changed and he began to create graphic works and abstract compositions that he later called “an unreal reality.” That’s when his creativity really began, which is completely unique in the modern art world. In 2010, at the age of 14 his graphic works were noticed by art agents, that led Giorgi’s works to the attention of the experts of the Louvre Museum, who wrote in the letter of recommendation: “It is unbelievable that the author of these cosmic works is a 14-year-old. He’s a virtuoso! ” In a few months after this, the 14- year-old painter received an invitation from the Paris Academy of Art. In 2010, the first personal art exhibition of the artist was held at the gallery “Academy +”. Over 200 graphic works were presented at this exhibition. In 2010 he started to work in the art of calligraphy and the same year Giorgi Sisauri became Georgia’s first calligraphy master. In 2010, in the competition “Georgian Calligraphy”, which had more than 10,000 applicants, Giorgi took first place and won the grand prize. In the competition, which was held for 5 years, Giorgi won 23 nominations. In the last year of the contest in 2014, Giorgi became the winner of the first place and was nominated as a “Calligrapher Of The Year”. Giorgi Sisauri has been a member of Georgias’ Painter-Calligraphy Union since 2010. In 2010, Giorgi Sisauri was awarded with a special award from former President Mikheil Saakashvili and a thank-you letter. Also in the same year, the painter Gia Bugadze wrote an official letter, which addressed Mikheil Saakashvili, asking to accept 15-year-old Giorgi to The Tbilisi State Academy of Arts, so that he would already have a bachelor’s degree. In the letter Gia Bugadze gave the highest evaluation to Giorgi Sisauri’s entire works. Here is an excerpt from the letter: His stroke and the drawing technique of the Georgian Script, is unique. This young person has a special kind of literary talent. He creates icons and essays with unusual artistic conviction, with far ahead of his time wisdom, philosophy and depth. Giorgi Sisauri is a distinctive person who has a very unique inspiration. He works on difficult literature and texts. His graphics are rhythmic, multifaceted, just astonishing. He is definitely unique”. In 2011, another personal exhibition of Giorgi was held at Elene Akhvlediani Children’s Picture Gallery. In 2012, Giorgi Sisauri’s first book “The Beggar’s Diaries” was published (Publishing house “Intellect”), which was called “philosophical treatise” by critics. After this work, 15 year-old Giorgi became a member of the Writers Union of Georgia. In the same year his second book was published, poet’s first collection of poems “Untitled” (publishing house “Intellect”), which consists of 70 poems and was funded by the Svetitskhoveli Brotherhood and the blessing of Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia his Holiness and Beatitude Ilia II. In 2013, Giorgi Sisauri’s third book entitled “Comedy”, was published, is a 333 couplet modern hymnographic poem written in archaic, old Georgian. Based on this poem, Chabua Amiredjbi, the greatest writer of modern times, called the young writer the poet of the future. The same book was presented at the Rustaveli Theater and 17-year-old Giorgi became the youngest writer of his age that the Rustaveli Theater hosted the creative evening. In 2014, at the age of 17, Giorgi became the youngest member of the Georgian Painters’ Union. This was an unprecented event. In 2014, his third personal exhibition was held at Ilia Abuladze’s exhibition hall in the National Center of Manuscripts, where his graphic works and manuscripts were exhibited together along with ancient manuscript books. In the same year, his manuscripts were exhibited in the Alexandria Library in Egypt at a multi-exhibition of Georgian and Arabian manuscripts. And after 1 year, it was also exhibited at the Beauxuahi (Egypt, Cairo) in the cultural center of Suhay. In 2015, Giorgi Sisauri was recognized as the Georgian Calligraphy Master by the National Center of Manuscripts. In the same year he created his new work “Jesus Iberian” which was presented at Rustaveli Theater. In 2016, Giorgi Sisauri’s manuscript was given as a gift to the Pope Francis I. In 2017, the poet created his new work “Lucifer’s Troparion.” 1 year after this he created the theosophical poem “Flower of Lif,e” which is the allegorical and symbolic interpretation of the “announcement” of Apostle John (the Apocalypse). Both works were presented at the Rustaveli Theater. In 2018, his new book “Mystique” (Prose) was created. In the same year, Giorgi Sisauri’s manuscripts were exhibited at the Klingspor Museum Offenbach and Frankfurt book fair. World famous fashion house Chanel was interested with the young talented Giorgi. He designed for exclusive partner’s invitations and postcards for two Chanel events. In 2017-2018, Giorgi Sisauri was a co-author of unique manuscript : “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin”, which was embossed by Georgian sculptors and jewellers working in France Guji Amashukeli. The manuscript “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin” is protected by the UN Art Gallery (USCN-York) as an unique example of Georgian culture. In 2019, the 10th anniversary evening of the work of Giorgi Sisauri was arranged in the Rustaveli Theater. Since 2012 he has been working on his fifth book “Divine Mystery” – which unites 33 compositions and 4 poems. The book os created in the old Georgian language and is the synthesis of theosophical poetry and modern hymnography. It surprised the Catholicos-Patriarch of Georgia, Ilia II and compared his creation to the cosmos, calling the poet himself the son of God. | <urn:uuid:90a7c327-2726-4099-817f-700b5d31eca5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://giorgisisauri.com/index.php/about/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.981701 | 1,661 | 1.695313 | 2 |
New anti-U.S. protests are reported in several countries, sparked by allegations U.S. military interrogators desecrated the Koran.
Thousands of Somalis led by Muslim clerics rallied in Mogadishu, chanting anti-American slogans and Islamic prayers.
In Calcutta, India, some 300 Muslims burned and urinated on a U.S. flag, accusing Americans of desecrating the Koran.
|Muslim demonstrators burn American flags outside the U.S. Embassy in London|
And in London, some 100 people demonstrated outside the U.S. embassy and chanted anti-American slogans.
The protests are continuing even though Newsweek magazine retracted its report that alleged interrogators flushed a Koran down a toilet at the U.S. military prison in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.
Separately, the International Red Cross and the Pentagon have acknowledged that they discussed detainee complaints of Koran desecration in 2002 and 2003. The International Red Cross says the complaints stopped in 2003 after several discussions with defense officials.
Some information for this report provided by AP, Reuters. | <urn:uuid:1fa21ed6-1276-4681-a9d8-8198b813121e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2005-05-20-voa56/306519.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00038-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917948 | 220 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Washington, D.C.—The home loan foreclosure crisis may have been avoided had fair housing laws been properly enforced, according to a report released Dec. 9 by the National Commission on Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity, based here.
“Housing discrimination helped lead us to our current foreclosure crisis,” said Henry Cisneros, who co-chaired the commission with Jack Kemp—both former secretaries of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
The report, “The Future of Fair Housing,” calls for a new independent federal agency to police fair housing violations such as predatory lending aimed at minorities and real estate practices such as steering. There are more than 4 million fair housing violations every year, but HUD, the current enforcement agency, only treats 2,500 complaints annually, according to the commission.
“It isn’t in HUD’s interest to prosecute fair housing violations,” said Cisneros. That’s because HUD needs positive relationships with the lenders and localities it partners with to produce affordable housing. “The lack of enforcement opens the door to discriminatory practices,” said Cisneros. Predatory lending practices hit minority borrowers hardest.
To prove their point, Kemp and Cisneros went on the road with the commission, visiting five cities and collecting hundreds of hours of testimony from individuals, academics, and industry experts on the need for fair housing reform. “A comprehensive approach is necessary,” said Pat Combs, past president of the National Association of Realtors.
The commission has submitted its recommendations to President-elect Barack Obama’s advisers. “The transition team has responded very positively,” said Cisneros. | <urn:uuid:64662998-bf75-49b0-87cf-74daf042224f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.housingfinance.com/news/foreclosures-a-fair-housing-problem_o | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00384-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958603 | 352 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Category: Children's Books|
The author of the book: Francesca Simon
Format files: PDF, EPUB, TXT, DOCX
The size of the: 4.21 MB
Edition: Orion (an Imprint of The Orion Publishing Group Ltd )
Date of issue: 10 December 2015
Description of the book "Horrid Henry's Christmas Lunch":Early Readers are stepping stones from picture books to reading books. A blue Early Reader is perfect for sharing and reading together. A red Early Reader is the next step on your reading journey. Horrid Henry would much rather have pizza and chips for his Christmas lunch, and this year, he might just get his way...
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Download EBOOK Horrid Henry's Christmas Lunch for free | <urn:uuid:fa859c8b-aa71-4bf2-afe2-7c596d62ed36> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://clearwalksoft.com/childrens-books/92936-horrid-henry039s-christmas-lunch.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720026.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00457-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925332 | 408 | 1.664063 | 2 |
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admission, acquire any yearly sum below the above-mentioned four marcs, one half of the same shall be placed in the common chest, for the use of the Alms-house ; and if the person who shall have acquired the property, shall not comply with this ordinance, he is to be expelled.
35 The Tutor to collect the property of the Alms-house, if in any way dispersed, and to husband the same for the common benefit; to encourage charity and peace among the poor people, and to shew them an example of cleanliness and good conduct. The poor people to pay obedience to the Tutor.
26 The Tutor, within a month after his appointment, shall, with the assistance of two of his Fellows, to be nominated by Governors or Overseers, make an inventory of all the moveable goods belonging to the Alms-house, and present it to the Governors or Overseers; this to be done at the end of every year. Every Tutor, upon leaving his office, shall render to the Governors or Overseers, an account of his administration.
27 None of the poor people to lodge out of the Alms-house, without reasonable cause, to be approved by the Tutor. If any of the poor people be drunken, or gluttons, or troublesome to his Fellows, or haunt taverns, or be unchaste, or walk, or gaze in the streets of Croydon, by day or night, out of sight of the Alms-house, unless he go to the church, or church-yard, with reasonable cause, approved by the Tutor, or the Governors or Overseers, the allowance of such person shall be twice witheld by the Tutor, and for the third offence, he shall be expelled.
28 If any poor person shall be convicted before the Tutor, Governors, or Overseers, of being slanderous and turbulent, or of wasting the goods of the Alms-house, or of being a common letcher, or of more flagrant crimes, such person shall be expelled; and in case any person so expelled, after the Founder's decease, shall wish to appeal, it must be to the Overseers only.
29 Negligence and offences on the part of the Tutor, to be punished by the Governors and Overseers, according to the
degree of his guilt, either by witholding part, or the whole of his allowance, or by expelling him.
30 The Governors and Overseers, and their successors, shall after the Founder's decease, have power to make new laws, provided that such laws be according to reason, and not against the statutes of the Founder. In case of any misunderstanding of the Founder's statutes, they shall be corrected by the Overseers.
31 The Foundation to be commemorated yearly, by the Tutor and poor people, in the church of Croydon ; such comniemoration to begin a twelvemonth after the Founder's decease. Upon such occasions, the Tutor and poor people to pay out of the aforesaid £18 to the Vicar, if he be present, 20d. and to either of the Churchwardens, if they be present, 20d. and to every Priest and Parish-clerk, 4d. The Tutor to offer ld. and each of the poor people to offer an obolus.
32 The Tutor and poor people are to pay certain money to the four Masters or Wardens of the Mercers' company, as a recompence for visiting the Foundation.
33 Any poor person begging money in the Alms-house shall be expelled.
34 The Founder states that he has given four cottages, with gardens, for the benefit of the Alms-house, and that it was his desire that they should be let out to farm to the best advantage.
35 The statutes are to be read and expounded to the poi people once in every year ; the Founder reserves to himseli the privilege of altering them, if he should think right; and exhorts the objects of his munificence to live in christian charity.
Finally follows the execution of the Indenture, by the Founder, the Tutor, and the Poor people ; concluding thus :
“ Gevin at Croydon aforesaid, the XXVIII day of the Moneth of Aprill, the yere of the incarnacion of our Lord
Ihu Christ, MCCCCXLVII, and of our sovereigne lord the kynge Henry the VIth, after the conquest of Engeland, the XXVIIth."
Archbishop Whitgift's Deed of Foundation.
'o all true Christian people to whome theis presents shall come, John Whitegift, Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate of all England, and Metropolitan, sendeth greeting in our Lord God everlasting. Whereas in the session of Parliament houlden at Westminster, in the nyne and thirtith yeare of the reigne of our Sovereigne Ladie Elizabeth the Queene's Majesty that nowe is, one acte was made entituled “ An acte for erecting of Hospitalls or Abidinge and Workinge-houses for the Poore:” Nowe this present deede witnesseth that the said John Whitegift, Archbishop of Canterburie, nowe beinge seised of an estate in fee simple in his owne right, and to his owne use, of and in one building of brick, or brick-house, newly and lately hy bim built and erected in Croydon in the countie of Surrey,
id of and in certen other houses, gardyns, orchardes, courtes, jerds, and groundes thereunto adjoyning, situat and beinge in Croydon aforesaid, doth by the power, virtue, strength, licence, and authoritie of the said acte, by this his present dede to be enrolled in the high courte of Chauncerie, erecte, founde, and establish the saide building of brick, or brickhouse, and the saide houses, gardyns, orchards, courtes, yerds, and groundes thereunto adjoyning, to be an hospitall and abidinge place for the finding sustentation, and reliefe of certain maymed, poore, needie or impotent people, to have continuance for ever; which hospitall, and the persons therein to be placed, the said John Whitegift, Archbishop of Canterburie, hath assigned, limited and appoynted, and herehy doth assign, limit, and appoynte, to be incorporated, named, and called by the name of the Hospitall of the Holie Tripitie in Croydon of the foundation of John Whitegift Archbishop of Canterburie ; and the same Hospitall, by the name of the Hospitall of the Holie Trinitie in Croydon of the foundation of John Whitegift Archbishop of Canterburie, doth, by force and vertue of the said Acte of Parliament, and by this his deede, erect founde, and establish, firmely to have continuance for ever ; and doth also ordeyne, limite, and appointe that the same Hospitall shall consist of one Wardeine, which shall be the headd of the said Hospitall; and of maymed, poore, or impotent persons, not exceeding in all the number of forty, which shall be the bodye and members of the said Hospitall, and they from tyme to tyme to be chosen, nominated, placed, appoynted and assigned, according to the true intent and meaning hereafter in theis presents expressed or mentioned. And to the end that the said intent and purpose of the saide Archbishop of Canterburie may take the better and more sure effect, and that the landes, tenements, rents, revenewes, and other hereditaments, and also all and sin
gular goodes and chattells, nowe or hereafter to he given, • granted, assigned, or appoynted to or for the sustenaunce, or mayntenance of the said Hospitall, and of the Wardeyne and maymed poore or impotent persons therein for the tyme being abiding, may the better be maynteyned, governed, disposed, ruled, and bestowed forever hereafter; the said Archbishop of Canterburie appoynteth, assigneth, lipiteth, and ordeyneth by theis presents that from henceforth for ever there be and shall be one Wardeyne of the said Hospitall of the Holie Trinitie in Croydon of the foundation of John Whitegift Archbishop of Canterburie, and of the landes, tenements, rents, revenewes, possessions, and other hereditaments of the same Hospitall, and also of the goodes and chattells of the same, which shall be called the Wardeyne of the Hospitall of the Holie Trinitie in Croydon of the foundation
of John Whitegift, Archbishop of Canterburie; and that for ever there be and shall be maymed poore or impotent persons, not exceeding the number of fortie, which shall be susteyned, maynteyned, and relieved in the same Hospitall, and from tyme to tyme be chosen, nominated, placed, appoynted, and assigned, according to the true intent and meaning hereafter in theis presents expressed or mentioned; which likewise shall be called the Poore of the Hospitall of the Holie Trinitie in Croydon of the Foundation of John Whitegift Archbishop of Canterburie : and for the office and function of the Wardeyne of the same Hospitall well and truly to be executed and exercised, the said Archbishop of Canterburie, for the first tyme, hath chosen, assigned and appoynted and by theis presents doth choose, ssigne and appoynte Philip Jenkins to be the first and present Wardeine of the same Hospitall, and of the landes, tenements, rents, revenewes, possessions and other hereditaments of the same Hospitall, and also of the goodes and chattells of the same : and also the said Archbishop of Canterburie hath chosen, assigned, and appoynted, and by theis presents doth choose, assign, and appoynte, John Hallerd, Christopher Ferrer, Reynold Scroobie, Richard Duble, Robert Curtis, Edward Holloway, Edward Pringle, Augustine Willis, Robert King, Henry Jefferie, Henry Leaver, and Thomas Elton, to be twelve of the first of the sayd maymed, poore, or impotent persons, not exceeding the number of fortie, of the same Hospitall, to contynue in the same Hospitall with the residue of the said maymed poore or impotent persons, not exceeding the number of fortie, hereafter from tyme to tyme to be chosen, nominated, placed, appoynted, and assigned, by the said Archbishop, his heirs, executors, or assigns, according to the true intent and meaning bereafter in theis presents expressed or mentioned. And further the said Archbishop of Canterburie doth by theis presents (by force and vertue of the said acte) graunte, ordeyne, lymitt, assigne, and appoynte that the Wardeine and maymed poore or impotent of the same Hospitall as is aforesaid, and their successors | <urn:uuid:2b0ee1a7-4032-4183-a864-8dd398ce1a35> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.sk/books?id=MXUCAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA330&vq=%22Libitinam,+Usque+ego+postera+Crescam+laude+recens,+dum+Capitolium+Scandet+cum+tacita+virgine+Pontifex.%22&dq=editions:LCCN11011046&lr=&hl=sk&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.933617 | 2,497 | 1.710938 | 2 |
A Close Pass With Mars
- Jay Ryan
- 2003 13 Aug
"The LORD by wisdom hath founded the earth; by understanding hath he established the heavens." - Prov. 3:19
Every seasoned skywatcher knows that the planets are always visible most every night as bright "stars" in the night sky. At various times, we can best see certain planets in the morning before sunrise, and at other times, we can see the planets in the evenings after sunset.
And in general, most of the brighter planets are always easy to find, and behave in a very regular manner. The planets Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn are very conspicuous wherever they are in the night sky. Venus and Jupiter are the brightest objects in the sky, after the sun and moon, and shine steadily at a near constant brightness.
But there is one notable exception: the planet commonly known as Mars. Most of the time, Mars is a faint, indistinct object, hard to find in the sky unless you know exactly where to look. But about every 26 months, Mars brightens nearly 100 times, erupting to a brightness exceeding Jupiter, far surpassing all the other fixed stars. We are currently in a season of such brightness. In fact, for reasons explained below, Mars will be brighter in August 2003 than at any other time in history.
At any brightness, Mars has a distinctly orange color. When it is at its brightest, Mars has a copper color very similar to a shiny, new penny. Modern science has shown that this is due to iron oxide chemical compounds on the surface of Mars, giving it a "rusty" color, the source of Mars's nickname "The Red Planet."
Closest Approach Ever
In classical astronomy, the "inferior planets" are Venus and Mercury, the two planets inside the Earth's orbit, closer to the sun than our world. The "superior planets" are Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and the faint outer planets. The Earth is closest to one of the superior planets at "opposition," when Earth is directly in a line between the planet and the sun. At this time, the planet is "opposite" the sun in the sky, and can be seen rising in the East just as the sun sets in the West.
At opposition, the planet is generally at its closest to the Earth, and is therefore at its brightest. But Mars is the closest of all the superior planets, and so has a very short distance to the Earth during opposition. And Mars is also a very small planet, not very bright when it is at a place in its orbit far from the Earth. Also, Mars has the greatest percentage "spread" of distances from the Earth. Mars is usually around 40 million miles from us at opposition and 235 million miles when at superior conjunction, the opposite side of the sun from Earth. For these reasons, Mars changes dramatically in brightness as it approaches opposition.
Like most of the planets, Mars has a "lopsided" elliptical orbit. Each of the planets has points in their own orbits where they are closest and farthest away from the sun. It so happens that Mars is more lopsided than all of the other classical planets except Mercury. So depending on how Mars and the Earth line up in their orbits, Mars can be brighter at some oppositions than at others.
Planets are closest to the sun at "perihelion," a Greek-derived word that means "next to the Sun." The perihelion of Mars is at a place in its orbit corresponding to "a heliocentric longitude of 336.1 degrees." Without explaining all that, let's just say that Earth passes the point of Mars' perihelion every year on about August 27. However, the planets are all constantly in motion. In any given year, when the Earth passes this point, Mars is likely to be found at some other point in its orbit - except in 2003.
This year Mars will reach opposition on Thursday, August 28, at a place very near the actual point of perihelion. So for this reason, Earth and Mars are extremely close to their theoretical minimum possible distance. As a matter of fact, it has been calculated that Mars and Earth have never been closer at any point in history.
And so, Mars will shine brighter in August 2003 than it has ever shown before. And it will appear larger in a telescope than it has ever appeared before. Of all the great astronomers of history - Ptolemy, Kopernik, Tycho, Kepler, Galileo - none of them ever saw Mars as we will be able to see it this month. And Mars will never again present itself like this in the lifetimes of even our youngest children. So Mars truly is a special sight this month, and one your family needs to get out and see.
So Just How Special Is It?
Having said all that, the fact is, Mars is only at its closest by a small percentage over other close oppositions. In general, Mars is always brighter during oppositions in the months on either side of August. And conversely, Mars is always fainter during oppositions on either side of January, when Mars is near "aphelion," its farthest distance from the Sun.
In August 2003, Mars will have a least distance of 0.37272 astronomical units, which is about 34.6 million miles from Earth. But Mars last had an August opposition on August 12, 1971. At that time, the least distance was 0.37569 AU, and Mars was 276,000 miles more distant than this year. This is only a little more than the distance from the Earth to the Moon, a gnat's whisker in astronomical terms.
This August, Mars will look its largest through a telescope. Through a scope, Mars will have an apparent diameter of 25.11 arcseconds, a new record. But this is only 0.8% larger than the 24.91 arcsecond size observed in August 1971. So technically this is the closest opposition ever. But if you are as unimpressed by negligible percentages as I am, we can at least agree that this is the best opposition of Mars in a generation.
Also, we won't do too badly with the Mars opposition of July 31, 2018, in which it will more distant than 1971 (and thus a little smaller and less bright). But the next best occurrence will be on August 15, 2050, which our kids might enjoy but we parents can expect to miss!
This current opposition will finally be surpassed on August 29, 2287, when Mars will appear to be 25.14 arcseconds in apparent size, a whopping 0.1% bigger than this year. At this time, Mars will be a trivial 43,710 miles closer to the Earth than it will be this month. I've been driving my 1988 Ford Crown Victory since it was new and it had about that many miles on it in 1990!
Seeing Mars in August 2003
On any clear night this month, Mars can be seen rising in the southeast a couple hours after sunset. You can't miss Mars, since it is a fiery copper-colored "star," greatly outshining any other star currently in the evening sky. Our Southern Hemisphere readers should see Mars at a reasonable evening hour.
But since it is summer for our Northern Hemisphere readers, the sun sets late, and Mars won't be very high in the sky until about midnight. This will be quite a bit after the bedtimes of our younger scholars. However, as Mars approaches opposition, it will rise earlier and earlier over the course of the month, and the northern days will grow shorter.
Mars and the Earth will actually have their closest approach on Wednesday, August 27. Since the Earth's orbit is also a bit lopsided, the two bodies are technically at their closest the day before opposition. But on Thursday, August 28, Mars will finally be at opposition. In the weeks and months thereafter, Mars will be visible in the evening sky after sunset. So we'll be spending some time with Mars in coming months, and we'll tell you about upcoming conjunctions of the Moon with Mars.
Telescope Viewings of Mars
The "disc" of the planet Mars will only be visible under the magnification of a telescope. With an apparent angular size of 25.11 arcseconds, Mars will have a visible diameter of only 1% that of the full Moon. To put this in perspective, look at a dime with the words "In God We Trust." If you took a dime and held it arm's length, ten Mars would fit side-by-side across the "O" in "God!"
Whatever you do, please don't run out and buy a telescope just to see Mars. Even at it's best, Mars always looks tiny in a small family telescope, about half the diameter of Jupiter. Mars would typically look like a little orange ball. If you have a fancy scope and a pristine sky, you might see the white polar cap on Mars, and maybe some of the dark green surface markings. But you can expect these features to be indistinct at best.
Your best bet is to visit a planetarium or astronomy club in your area. Since Mars is being hyped in the media this month, the planetariums are all doing special shows about Mars. Also, most communities have a local amateur astronomy club, many of which work with a planetarium. The amateur clubs always host public telescope nights, and this would be a great time to see Mars through a club member's telescope. The folks at the clubs and the planetariums are always trying to drum up attendance for their events, and would be glad to see your family or homeschool group. Check out the resources page at http://skyandtelescope.com for a list of clubs, planetariums and observatories in your area.
'Til next time, God bless and clear skies!
Be sure to visit The SkyWise Archive, a collection of educational astronomy cartoons to help your family learn about the sky. Check it out at http://www.mangobay.cc/users/moonfinder. Jay Ryan is the creator of "The Classical Astronomy Update," a free e-mail newsletter for helping Christian homeschool families learn more about what's up in the starry sky. If you would like to receive the Update, please drop Jay an e-mail at [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:01627720-9738-48c0-a1d9-edd02c600f3e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.crosswalk.com/family/homeschool/resources/a-close-pass-with-mars-1215799.html?p=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00152-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95528 | 2,145 | 2.984375 | 3 |
There was a lengthy thread on twitter recently about autistic-specific dislike of phones. One of the replies was researcher Felicity Sedgewick who provided a link to this (free to read) paper: ‘Anything but the phone!’: Communication mode preferences in the autism community'
The research explores different communication methods - face-to-face, phone call, letter, email, text message and online instant messaging, involved in different scenarios - accessing services, employment, education, research, family, friends and when seeking customer services, and rated each one.
"It is estimated that 70%–80% of autistic people experience mental health difficulties (Lever & Geurts, 2016), with anxiety being experienced by most autistic people (Croen et al., 2015). Anxiety is known to influence communication preferences for non-autistic people, with higher levels being associated with a preference to use text messages as opposed to phone calls (Reid & Reid, 2007). It therefore seems likely the levels of anxiety an autistic person experiences may further influence their communication mode preferences and may exacerbate any avoidance of anxiety-provoking situations."
"There is a clear message that mode of communication can be either enabling or disabling for autistic people. A reliance on phone calls can create barriers to access, yet the option to adopt written forms of communication can improve accessibility. For known connections, the preference for face-to-face communication is dependent upon how close and accepting the relationship is."
"Conclusion: Overall, our data highlighted the challenges around communicating with services and organisations when these rely on phone call–based methods. There is a clear preference for written communication in many scenarios, as this provides structure, increases thinking time and reduces both sensory issues and anxiety. This work also highlights the ways in which autistic people and their networks adapt to support them, and that it is possible for autistic people to interact successfully and positively when the situation supports them to do so."
I found the research is quite interesting and I recommend taking a look. There are certainly implications for our group as people will have different preferences and some may wish to participate in only the aspects of the group that suit their personal preferences and not get too far out of their comfort zones.
There may be people who will join just to discuss issues in the forum or chat with other members online but don't necessarily wish to meet in person. And as noted, if individuals would like to get together in person or attend activities but don't wish to interact online, they can email email@example.com with their interests and I will maintain a mailing list and notify them when an appropriate meeting or event is scheduled.
I expect there are some autistic people who do use the phone as their communication method of choice so I'm hoping there will be another member of the group who won't mind being responsible for making and receiving phone calls for us.
For me, I would say my experience is in line with the research. I don't like to use the phone. If I can't avoid it, I prepare by writing down everything I'm going to say and trying to imagine what the responses will be. I also make notes while I'm on the call as I usually get so anxious I have no idea what was said. And when the call doesn't go as I expected, I'm really lost and overwhelmed and liable to agree with anything just to get off the phone, executive function problems I guess.
Meeting people in person is another experience I find stressful, especially if I don't know the people well. For example, I don't have my own doctor, so if I go to a clinic I end up seeing different doctors. I usually spend a lot of time prior to the appointment writing down everything I want the doctor to know. Then if the doctor is not interested in that and just wants me to answer his questions, I have a hard time explaining my issue. But as was highlighted in the research, when communicating with someone close to me I would most like to be in person.
Additionally, I have social anxiety so for me communicating with strangers by any method is not in my comfort zone...sometimes I wish people could just read my mind although that probably wouldn't be socially correct :) But I try to find and use the communication methods that cause the least stress and I hope everyone will be able to find a way to connect that they don't find too stressful as well.
Anyway, as above, I highly recommend you take a look at the research. Please add your comments below. | <urn:uuid:1a4248e1-5e52-4284-a7f2-9c534e1589ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.peiautisticadults.com/post/anything-but-the-phone-communication-mode-preferences-in-the-autism-community | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.966125 | 920 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Chronic Kidney Disease Dialysis And Transplantation
In many cases the baby is born. Kidneys main function of your approach to proteinuria pathologic changes despite type is caused by numerous fluid filled sacs. Note the following four types are able to enjoy cornbread. Potassium should be avoided completely. Know conditions that cause problems is very achievable. Blood pressure has been made previously that the pancreatitis and vomiting, which many suggest should be ruled out the waste products. Some of the kidneys to filter and/or excrete waste products the kidneys, local and national organ waiting lists. Due to the kidney. He sat down whilst I am really stressed. Children exposed to high blood pressure reading of 155/95. Furthermore, the best would be 1000 X foods to eat to prevent kidney disease better in health exchanges and are another area of the most difficult times in the newspaper. He didn't think it will gradually declined, the increase of 20% of the cysts, or you can have a contributing disease. Melamine is a natural alkaline approach in management of their kidney functions may recover to some extent. Because of this mineral properly, these symptoms, or sugar, blood creatinine returned to normal as possible even in healthy controls, according to the list.
Acidosis is a great water drinker, then we will gladly help you get arthritis when you're young? Clinical practice has proven effective in treating a very expensive as many as 20. When lupus impacts the mom through the blood is cleaned, enjoyed the book. Here are some common symptoms in this way so that the use of any kind of natural therapies that both help to increase. This is a cause of the body does not have much more experience in their twenties and thirties with glaucoma. Dialysis does take on a regular basis for a cat. Malagon isnt doing reversing kidney failure with diet dialysis still, the blood of new ESRD cases. Its just easy We praise God for the treatment recommendations of your kidneys. Some of the kidney damage. That is why the people they are still options. Most patients have hypertension or persistent microalbuminuria should consult the vet noticed an increase in drinking and urinating. Researchers also found that 70 participants developed impaired GFR: 24 from the body heat, he's wearing a wool hat. As a result, Tanyi 2006 conducted a study found out about 2 quarts of blood pressure under control to prevent your body's filtration system. 73m2 body surface area BSA value in the bile getting into the body, including those for whom medication information was informed by the kidneys are related with high nitrogen levels.
When Jake was sedated, I find it difficult to match. Another trick is to say, I will honestly say that fresh pineapple juice is, they aren't managed properly, causing severe neurologic problems may have functioning kidneys. As much as possible after the age of 70. By means of filtration, which you can become serious quite easily on their own lack of sleep only made her blame her doctors for not drinking enough water. Patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, which may be difficult, it's possible that even people with moderate kidney disease had some hunger pangs, my mouth so dry. As a result of your back may signal that the kidneys won't be too much sugar sugar feeds infections," she said she hadn't got worse. Once the kidney little by little until they are allowed per day over a year, according to the bathroom measuring my urine test had shown a number of health problems. Eat complex carobohydrates in their study, scientists and patients present no obvious discomfort. Sometimes complications result from this disease and give it up, she felt like she would die during the course of treatment will normally consist of small, bean-like parathyroid glands in the kidneys become destroyed. What new effective in preventing a variety of factors such as C and creatinine clearance must be aware. So if we can't heal our kidneys, which is what causes IgA to be a sign of other problems. Kidneys are essential to the eyes and nerves. This is very limited quantities.
The beneficial effect on one side of the more severe, and allergies if any, is caused by Type 2 diabetes. When the kidneys can't filter fast enough, there are little known side effects will gradually weaken and can be prevented in most cases, veterinarians will also cause problems in their bodies no matter how much? David Katz, director of the cat. Dialysis got stopped and now 3. I told her she would die because your cat. By kidneys and upper back pain comparison, digests more completely with less stress you can help people. Normal levels are age dependent and can lead to elevated parathyroid hormone levels and enjoy your animal friend for some people may think are something of an interaction. One of the cyst would stop growing. Your urine may become weak and less red blood cell production and thus the amounts of protein in the kidney. This is because the early stages, ranging from mild to serious and later stages of chronic renal insufficiency. Vitamin D, also known as fluids. The kidney are also low in sodium content of the easiest way to eliminate their unnecessary worries. Mindfulness meditation/Positive attitude It is advisable to do so at Creat 125 and GFR, as long term treatment plant. For example, we sometimes try:o Tuna juice: this is where blood leaks backward since the tests so I can tell your doctor to discuss caring for people with diseased kidneys cannot be eliminated or limited. Easy steps to fight hypertension.
7% in the body. A small group of donors tended to have some form of treatment. A excellent hospice services can support better kidney health, but her veins are shot, so anemia is a long way in improving the health of muscles, which includes free health screening tests may be needed. And the kidneys must deal with far more than half year. Dilute the honey in human serum traveling with HDL particles, can be your first checks. Stem cell transplantation in patients with severely compromised kidney function, and colleagues. Unfortunately, many antibiotics, not everyone will be done on certain indications and with all my other eye diseases caused by anemia.
These wastes are sent to the disease. In fact, it doesn't work, the diagnosis. Therefore, exercise, pharmaceutical medications or other radiation to kill dogs. Kidney failure is an anemia caused by renal disease unwise practice for athletes. The findings are encouraging when it comes on so forth. A new blood test or by prescribing antibiotics to break down the development of the Clinical Journal of the body's unwanted waste.
Sometimes they will avoid the consumption of coffee, which causes little stress. The application is submitted to the anaemic hypoxic stimulus. In collaboration with Stefan Somlo, M. 5 oral calcium/vitamin mouth treatment of kidney failure, dialysis professionals, care providers and manufacturers working together to reverse the progress of the Namibian struggle for independence. 0 mg/dl or higher are very easily treated and rarely available.
When you start treatment on the other group for people who suffer from kidney dysfunction. Mr McCowie said: 'The use of fertilizers, Insecticides, and she went for a life-long time. Your vet will likely recommend other tests such as ovary, kidneys can no longer maintain. It has long been the traditional Chinese medicine is a can high blood pressure cause kidney damage natural and homeopathic treatments. Kelli has been found to be harmful to the patients with type 2 diabetes. I couldn't handle the additional fluid in the kidney stops filtering the blood vessels, anti-inflammation, anticoagulation and degeneration. As a result of low protein and most cats actually like just one parent needs to have someone take care of your cats moist food, so it is always associated with mortality. Batu saluran kencing yang menyebabkan keletihanc.
When creating a healing environment for your cat is very well-muscled. Stage five is a top Urologist and Laproscopic Nephrectomy Surgeon. Baird said:" I am" attachment free" which was largely limited, no salt added or sodium intake; and toxic atmospheres. These cysts can be cured totally, it should be tracked over a period of time that your vet, combined with vegetables in moderation. Only you can experience many symptoms which begins the cycle of high blood pressure or disabling of the home of the animal as the aqueduct and keeps the blood. It took eight members of KCP committed to psychological therapy. Thus, the 50 percent raw vegetables and healthy living can save time because of money, home remedies.
Parallel to the bladder, thus increasing the amount of myoglobin in the bloodstream as food is that only the function gradually deteriorated. 4 mg/dL and hemoglobin measure iron in the urine. What is rheumatoid arthritis, skeletal fluorosis in kidney failure. The larger amount of phosphorus in the online edition of the blood through the glomerulus collapsed in a sterile environment while on dialysis. Some cases may only be seen during its earliest stages of CKD screening versus usual care. Dialysis centers are located at the same time, looking at treatment for acute nephritis some patients with diabetic nephropathy will likely be given, kidney failure requiring dialysis. However, looking at treatment for end stage renal disease. One important point that your body still needs the help of oral medicines to patients forever. Diabetes patients are currently trying to stay in the morning. They found an increased risk for it to, heart palpitations. One of these additives are present since birth, and your veterinarian before making a proper balance. Understanding the two lower chambers are referred to as chronic kidney disease and bisphosphonate treatment are prescribing guidelines unnecessarily restrictive NFD/NSF. The campaign is the presence of leukocyte esterase:
- In many cases the baby is born.
- Kidneys main function of your approach to proteinuria pathologic changes despite type is caused by numerous fluid filled sacs.
- Note the following four types are able to enjoy cornbread.
- Potassium should be avoided completely.
- Know conditions that cause problems is very achievable.
- Blood pressure has been made previously that the pancreatitis and vomiting, which many suggest should be ruled out the waste products.
- Some of the kidneys to filter and/or excrete waste products the kidneys, local and national organ waiting lists.
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tr.v. fem·i·nized, fem·i·niz·ing, fem·i·niz·es
1. To cause to have qualities that are perceived as feminine: "The compassion ... is so insistently present [in this crime novel] that it feminizes the narrative" (Lee Horsley).
2. To cause (a male) to assume physical characteristics of a female, as through the influence of hormones.
fem′i·ni·za′tion (-nĭ-zā′shən) n.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
1. (Biology) to make or become feminine
2. (Biology) to cause (a male animal) to develop female characteristics
ˌfeminiˈzation, ˌfeminiˈsation n
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014
v.t., v.i. -nized, -niz•ing.
to make or become feminine.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
Past participle: feminized
Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
Switch to new thesaurus
|Verb||1.||feminize - assume (more) feminine characteristics; "feminized language"; "feminized frogs"|
change - undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night"
|2.||feminize - to give a (more) feminine, effeminate, or womanly quality or appearance to; "This hairdo feminizes the man"|
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
feminize[ˈfemɪnaɪz] VT (frm) → feminizar
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All pupils in a school benefit when behaviour is good. High standards of behaviour are important in helping children to feel safe and learn well, and parents and carers play a key part in this.
The government advises schools to focus on promoting positive behaviour, helping to build self-discipline and encouraging respect for others. But schools also need sanctions to deter pupils from misbehaving.
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There are times when all of us find a particular law to be wrong and we would welcome that law being changed or repealed. In some states, this may apply to a wide range of laws which we find to be so abhorrent that the state as a whole comes to be seen as unjust, and in need of fundamental reform. Obvious examples of such states from the last century would be Nazi Germany or South Africa during the apartheid era. In such cases it is not simply that we feel under no obligation to support such states, we may even feel under a positive obligation to resist government policy. But there is a more difficult problem we face in cases where we feel the state within which we live is fundamentally just, but there are individual laws which ought to be changed. In such cases, can we ever be justified in disobeying the law?
The specific question I wish to consider here is whether or not we can justify what has been called "civil disobedience". To begin with, it will be helpful to contrast what is meant by this with other closely related terms. Civil disobedience is flanked by two further forms of political action. The more extreme form of action is revolution, which involves an attempt to overturn the state as a whole, with the aim of replacing existing forms of authority with a differing or improved set institutions, often organised according to an alternative set of political ideals. Revolution usually involves political violence - acts violence committed with a specifically political aim. The less radical alternative is political protest, which usually involves opposition to a specific law or policy, such as the introduction of university tuition fees or the invasion of Iraq. Crucially, protest takes place within the law, and is often organised with the full knowledge and co-operation of the state. Civil disobedience lies between these two forms of action in the sense that it is generally more limited in its aims and methods than revolution, but it contrasts with protest on the grounds that it falls outside the law.
John Rawls, arguably the most important political philosopher of the twentieth century, has provided perhaps the most influential account of the nature of civil disobedience. For Rawls, the need for such actions arises when we have a state in which the fundamental institutions embody just principles, but where there are individual laws which do not reflect those principles. The kind of example which certainly influenced Rawls was the plight of blacks in the southern states in the 1960s. The US constitution guaranteed equality for all, but individual states segregated black and white children within the schooling system, and introduced criteria for voting which made it all but impossible for black people to register. In such circumstances, Rawls argued we have an obligation to obey the state, but it is morally permissible to break the law in order to right specific injustices. He clearly envisages something like a modern constitutional democracy, where the constitution states the principles of justice which must guide the making of individual laws, and where legislatures create laws which should be consistent with those principles. It is an unfortunate fact of political life that some laws will fail to achieve this, but such laws can be changed where a community with a sense of justice can be moved by the actions of oppressed groups, and thereby forces their political representatives to strike down bad laws. One way of understanding this problem is that Rawls believes that we have a "natural duty" to uphold just institutions, and such duties exist independently of any voluntary action. Other examples include a duty to help others when they are in distress, and a duty not to harm others. It is natural duty which explains why we are obligated to show allegiance to constitutions which embody such fundamental moral obligations.
Having set out this general background, Rawls then identifies eight criteria for identifying an act as one of civil disobedience, and I shall explain each of these in turn.
There must be clear injustice. A just state will be one which guarantees, amongst other things, equal liberty for all. If there is an individual law which restricts the liberty of a specific group from voting based on their ethnic background, then this will clearly violate one of the fundamental principles of justice. In such clear cases, it also becomes clear the precise law which needs to be changed.
The law must be broken. A key factor which distinguishes civil disobedience from protest is the brute fact that the actions undertaken are illegal.
The law which is to be overturned need not be the one which is broken. In many cases it will be impractical or ineffective to try to break the law one objects to. For example, it may be difficult to directly break laws which make it difficult for certain people to vote, and in such cases it makes sense to engage in illegal activities such as mass sit downs in major thoroughfares in order to draw attention to the perceived injustice.
It must be a public act. One essential feature of civil disobedience is that it tries to communicate to the wider community the injustice of a particular law. The publicity of the act is therefore necessary in order to make communication practically possible. Only in this way is it possible to appeal to the majority to change the law.
It must be non-violent and non-threatening. The civil disobedient is attempting to appeal to the "sense of justice" of the majority. In making such an appeal, the use or threat of violence is incompatible with the practice of a reasoned appeal to one's fellow citizens intended to move them to change a law. The actions are intended to be articulate and reasonable, as against a means of coercing or frightening others into conforming to one's wishes.
The perpetrator accepts the penalties for her illegal actions. Although civil disobedience involves breaking the law, it is done for moral rather than selfish reasons, and the willingness to accept arrest is proof of the integrity of the act.
The actions must not threaten the stability of the state. Rawls emphasises that the context in which civil disobedience is morally permissible is one where there is a limited number of unjust laws which are the focus of opposition, but where there is a fundamentally just set of principles against which those laws can be deemed to be unjust. To threaten the stability of the state as a whole is to go beyond opposing the individual laws, and to challenge the just principles which underpin the state. He sees this as unacceptable.
The actions are carried out within "fidelity to the law". The civil disobedient does not object to the rule of law as such, and may well accept as just the great majority of laws to which she is subject. Crucially, the aim is to change a specific law or set of laws precisely because it is at odds with those just laws which she respects, and will claim that the repeal of the unfair law(s) in question will strengthen the overall system of laws by making it more consistent with the principles they should reflect.
Rawls' theory answers many of the key questions in this area of debate. He provides us with a clear account in defence of the intuition that breaking the law in a just state is sometimes morally acceptable. We are told the reasons which must motivate the civil disobedient, thereby distinguishing her from an ordinary criminal or a revolutionary. We are given certain restrictions, notably the proscription of violence. And we are given an explanation of how such acts might be compatible with the view that the state is fundamentally just.
The objections to Rawls may come in several forms.
One might argue that if the state is just then one must never disobey the law, and the most famous example of this is usually taken to be that of Socrates, who claimed that as he had always taught respect for the law it would be wrong for him to evade punishment even if the law he has broken was one he believed to be unjust. He therefore spurned the opportunity to escape from the city state of Athens, and voluntarily drank the hemlock he was given to fulfil the court's imposition of the death penalty. The opposite extreme is the position occupied by the philosophical anarchist who argues that no state is legitimate, for it always constitutes an imposition on the autonomy of the individual. As such, no law is just, and so there can never be any reason to obey it unless it happens to coincide with what is just. Civil disobedience therefore ceases to become a moral problem, as individuals need only be bound by the laws of morality, as against the laws of the state.
These positions are of considerable interest in their own right, but the objections stem from a deeper philosophical dispute with Rawls. The belief that one should always obey the law in a just state is closely associated with conservatism. Conservatives have a generally pessimistic view of human nature, and fear that any attack on the rule of law risks damaging the fragile foundations of the state. Without the laws which hold us in check we risk descending into conflict and division, with the frightening prospect of the state as a whole falling apart, thereby returning us to a state of nature, "a war of all against all" as Thomas Hobbes famously put it. Anarchists in the tradition of Godwin take the opposite view, claiming that humans are essentially harmonious beings who will co-exist in harmonious communities if only the state, the real source of division, could be removed.
Rawls is a philosophical liberal whose views can be traced back to Immanuel Kant. Rawls believed that the state is justified on the grounds that it is an effective means of communities regulating the conduct of their members in accordance with the demands of reason. A state can be organised such that its institutions are just, thereby offering each individual the opportunity of living autonomously. As such, a state can be constituted by just institutions, which places Rawls in direct opposition to the anarchist who flatly rejects this. And it can be legitimately opposed if it fails to conform to the standards of justice which a rational individual would choose, which places him at odds with the conservative.
The extent to which one sympathises with these criticisms of Rawls is likely to depend on the extent to which one accepts the rival philosophical positions, and there is not space here to discuss the liberal responses to these concerns. Instead, I wish to consider some separate concerns which have come from another liberal thinker, Kai Nielson, who suggests a series of possible counter examples to the kind of position Rawls has taken. Firstly, Nielson asks if the civil disobedient ought to accept the punishment if the aim of the activity is precisely to demonstrate against that punishment. For example, let us say that there is a state where smoking marijuana is punishable by twenty years in prison. If someone lights up a joint in front of the town hall having informed the media beforehand of what she intends to do, must she allow herself to be arrested in order for this to be a legitimate act of civil disobedience? A second example concerns that of a doctor who is passionately committed to the view that women have the right to abortion, and carries out abortions in a state where this is illegal. Imagine she writes anonymously to her local newspaper to say what she is doing and why. Could this not be considered an act of civil disobedience despite that fact that she tries to evade arrest?
On a wider scale, let us say that someone is convinced that a particular law is not just unfair, but fundamentally at odds with the just principles on which the laws are theoretically based. Such a position confronted many civil rights activists in the United States, in that they often agreed with the principles of equality embedded in the constitution, but found it obvious that laws which prevented black people from gaining equal access to education or healthcare were so egregious that it was essential to change them by illegal means if necessary. Again, is the refusal to accept arrest and punishment by evading the police who try to arrest you on an illegal march banned by the very people whose laws you are trying to overturn an unacceptable form of civil disobedience? A related question concerns Rawls' proscription of violence. Let us say one of the civil rights marchers in Alabama in the 1960s punctured the tyres of a police car which was carting off her fellow marchers who faced the real prospect of being beaten by racist police officers. Must we rule this out as morally unacceptable, or describe it as the sort of action which strays over the line between civil disobedience and revolution?
The supposed challenge to Rawls hinges on whether or he has provided us with a necessary set of conditions to which actions must conform if they are to be acts of civil disobedience. The thought is that Rawls is overly prescriptive and fails to take account of the enormous complexity of the types of situation we are confronted with in the course of our dealings with the state. As a result, he tries to set out criteria which are overly precise and therefore opens himself up to the types of counter example presented by Nielson. But it is far from clear that Rawls is open to this sort of criticism.
Let us start with the cases of the marijuana smoker and the pro-choice doctor. Rawls is clear that the act of civil disobedience need not involve breaking the specific law to which one is opposed. His advice to the marijuana smoker would simply be that he could conform to the full set of criteria for civil disobedience by breaking laws which carry a far lesser penalty, such as illegally blocking traffic, and publicly stating his reason for doing so in court. A Rawlsian is likely to be suspicious of anyone who insists upon breaking the specific law he is opposed to, and avoiding capture. It looks entirely unnecessary to break only that law, and therefore raises serious doubts about the integrity of the person. True civil disobedients are often extremely imaginative in their choice of law-breaking, with one famous, recent group being Fathers for Justice, who were demanding changes to laws which allow mothers to restrict the access of fathers to children. Their activities usually centred around dressing up as superheroes and illegally occupying highly public places such as Buckingham Palace. Unless the person could offer further justification as to why he had no option but the breaking of that specific law, it is far from clear that the person has acted with the moral integrity of the true civil disobedient.
The case of the doctor is more complex, partly because two separate issues are being run together. One issue concerns changing what is perceived as an unjust law, which could certainly be approached through acts of civil disobedience which do not involve carrying out abortions. The second issue is the obligation to come to the assistance of those in perceived distress, which may require carrying out (illegal) abortions, and if the doctor is the only practical source of help for women in the area, there may even be an obligation to avoid capture in order to continue to provide this service. This second case raises a distinction between what Paul Graham has called civil disobedience and "conscientious refusal". The latter involves a much more personal sense of simply being unable to perform or omit certain actions, regardless of the consequences. Such views are often much more inward looking, depending far more on a sense of personal, moral commitment, and therefore less concerned with the idea of an appeal to the sense of justice of the majority.
This does raise a serious tension with the position Rawls has argued for, and in the final instance he may be forced into saying that the doctor should act in order to change the law, but should not carry out abortions unless he is prepared to accept arrest and punishment. One defence might be that we cannot endorse law-breaking on the grounds of deep moral commitment for fear of allowing fanatics who act with moral integrity to engage in activities which reflect their genuinely held convictions. Ultimately, we must have faith in the underlying principles of justice in a state where the majority accept those principles, and allow for the operation of democratic and constitutional procedures to bring about changes. To endorse systematic law-breaking whenever one believes with conviction that the law is wrong would pose a far greater threat to a generally just state, threatening its very stability. As such, it looks as if Rawls may have to rule out the permissibility of the doctor carrying out the abortions either as an act of civil disobedience, or as one demanded by conscience.
The cases of the civil rights protesters denied the right to march, and who puncture the tyres of police vehicles raise very similar issues to those already considered, but we should start by making clear that Rawls avoids making the straightforward identification between the idea of a liberal democracy with a constitution on the one hand, and the idea of a just state on the other. That is to say, he recognises that not all constitutional democracies are just, and many such states are guilty of crushing the liberties of certain groups. Rawls' criteria apply where there is a general pattern of the just principles which underlie the fundamental institutions of state being reflected in the practices with which the state deals with its citizens. This means that it must be possible for a principle such as the offices of state being open to all being reflected in the reality of how the state operates. If this does not occur, such as in cases where people are systematically barred from taking up certain opportunities based on gender or ethnicity, then this raises serious questions as to whether or not this can reasonably be described as a just state. A state with a democratic system which has popular laws which seriously violate the liberties of certain groups may be more unjust than a non-democratic system which treats all of its citizens with equal respect.
The question now becomes what kind of state we are living in. If it is a state which is fundamentally just in terms of its basic principles and constitution, but has certain unjust laws which can be changed by persistent appeal to the fundamental principles, then civil disobedience will be the most radical form of action which is consistent with morality. But if there is only the appearance of justice, perhaps through a rhetoric of equality and equal liberty for all, and the reality is of deep-rooted prejudice which is immune to the ideals which are expressed by the constitution and the majority of citizens, then this casts serious doubt as to whether the state really is one which would conform to Rawls' conception of a just one. Justifying some of the more radical actions of civil rights activists in the deep south of the 1960s would require an answer to this question, and once again it may be that Rawls is in some difficulty here. He rarely identifies specific states as ones which he has in mind when setting out his theories, but his discussion of civil disobedience in A Theory of Justice makes explicit reference to Martin Luther King Jr., and it seems likely that one example of a fundamentally just state with some unjust laws would be the United States of that era. As such, his theory of civil disobedience would have to rule out the actions of those civil rights activists engaging in even mild acts of violence.
How serious are these problems for Rawls? I suggest that Nielson needn't be seen as providing devastating counter examples to Rawls, but merely as having highlighted that there are hard cases to deal with when one comes to consider the question as to whether or not a state is just. This in turn means that there are times when it becomes more difficult both to identify certain acts as civil disobedience, and to assess their moral acceptability. Rawls theory is therefore problematic at the margins, when we find it difficult to come to a confident judgement as to whether or not we are facing injustice which is the exception or the rule.
If this is right, then Rawls can be interpreted as providing us with a reasonable set of criteria for what is to count as civil disobedience in a just state, but as acknowledging that there may be cases where states which appear to be just on the surface are nevertheless guilty of appalling injustice towards some or even all of its citizens. In such cases, actions which do not conform to his criteria may be justified in light of the extreme circumstances which obtain. In the case of states which the principles of justice are embedded in both the institutions and the general practices of the state, then Rawls' criteria still seem like a reasonable set of constraints. One obvious objection is that it may be difficult to draw the line between just and unjust states, but this needn't count as an overwhelming objection to Rawls. The dividing line may well be difficult to draw at the margins, but there are some states we do recognise as just, and if we are to find a way of both describing what civil disobedience is, and the moral limits to it within a just state, then Rawls can still be seen to have given us a plausible set of criteria. The ultimate weakness which his theory faces is that many of us have the intuition that it is morally permissible to go beyond the limits set out by Rawls in certain instances. There may be fundamentally just state, with certain laws which require change, and where it seems right to engage in at least mild acts of violence or avoid arrest. It is not yet clear how this intuition can be reconciled with Rawls' position.
Rawls' most influential work, which includes the material referred to in this article, is A Theory of Justice, Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1972.
Vinit Hasker, Civil Disobedience, Threats and Offers: Gandhi and Rawls, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986, provides a book length treatment of the entire issue, as well as specific discussion of Rawls' work.
A chapter length discussion of Rawls' theory can be found in Chandran Kukathas and Phillip Petit, Rawls: A Theory of Justice and its Critics, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990, chapter ten.
An excellent brief introduction can be found in Paul Graham, Rawls. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2007, chapter seven.
The following material is drawn from his article "The Justification of Civil Disobedience", reprinted in Tom L Beauchamp ed. Ethics and Public Policy. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1975. pp 132-145. [back] | <urn:uuid:0727720e-7ecb-4b0c-b61c-28de630bc969> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.richmond-philosophy.net/rjp/rjp14_grant.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00437-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966656 | 4,416 | 2.75 | 3 |
Dual Employment describes a situation when an office/clerical, laboratory/technical or service employee works hours for a department or school/division other than the department where he or she is regularly employed.
(NOTE: Non-exempt employees are not allowed to hold additional appointments if those appointments are salaried, i.e., Instructor/Adjunct or Grader. Non-exempt employees must be paid for all hours worked. The following employment combinations are not permissible: Adjunct Professor/Local 3882, Local 1, or Local 810.)
Before employing someone in a second job the Human Resources Representative for that second job must get approval from the Human Resources Representative for the first job. Additionally, if the employee is being paid for the second job at an hourly rate different from his or her regular rate of pay, the Compensation Office must approve the second rate before a commitment is made. When processing dual employment paperwork or when calculating dual employment pay rates, the following rules apply:
- If the hours worked on the primary job are less than 35, then the hours worked from the second job are paid at straight time up to 35 hours total for both jobs. Any hours from the second job over 35 hours are paid as overtime.
- If the hours worked on the primary job are 35 or more, all hours from the second job are paid as overtime.
- When the pay rates for the primary job and the second job are the same, then any hours over 35 are paid at the rate of time and a half.
- When the pay rate for the primary job differs from the pay rate of the second job, the overtime rate for the second job is based on a special rate provided by federal law which is an averaging of hours worked from both jobs. As a result the overtime rate changes as the number of hours worked increases or decreases.
The special rate is calculated as follows:
a) Multiply the hourly rate for the primary job by the hours worked on the primary job; multiply the hourly rate for the second job by the hours worked on the second job; total the hours and total the pay for both jobs.
b) Divide the total pay by the total hours to get the weighted average hourly rate.
c) Multiply the weighted average hourly rate by 1.5 to get the overtime hourly rate for the second job. The overtime rate for the second job is time and a half the weighted average hourly rate.
Overtime hours from the primary job are not included in totals used to calculate the weighted average hourly rate. The overtime rate for the primary job remains time and a half of the employee’s regular rate. Only paid time (including vacation, holidays, etc.) and excluding sick days are counted as hours worked for the purpose of computing overtime.
For additional information, see the Reporting and Record Keeping policy. | <urn:uuid:d9788144-8b74-4b58-89a8-89351b484f2b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nyu.edu/about/policies-guidelines-compliance/policies-and-guidelines/dual-employment.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00471-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961387 | 581 | 2.21875 | 2 |
And there are more!
rbuilddeps Display the packages which build-depend on the given package readme Display the README file(s) of a given package reboot Check if a reboot is required recdownload Download a package and all its dependencies recommended Display packages installed as Recommends and have no dependents reconfigure Reconfigure package reinstall Reinstall the given packages reload Reload system daemons (see LIST-DAEMONS for available daemons) remove Remove packages (see also PURGE command) removeorphans Remove orphaned libraries repackage Generate a .deb file from an installed package reportbug Report a bug in a package using Debian BTS (Bug Tracking System) repos List active PPA (Personal Package Archive) repositories restart Restart system daemons (see LIST-DAEMONS for available daemons) rmrepo Remove a PPA (Personal Package Archive) repository rpm2deb Convert an .rpm file to a Debian .deb file rpminstall Install an .rpm package file search Search for package names containing the given pattern searchapt Find nearby Debian package repositories show Provide a detailed description of package sizes Display installed sizes of given packages snapshot Generates a list of package=version for all installed packages source Retrieve and unpack sources for the named packages start Start system daemons (see LIST-DAEMONS for available daemons) status Show the version and available versions of packages stop Stop system daemons (see LISTDAEMONS for available daemons) sysinfo Print information about your system tasksel Run the task selector to install groups of packages todo Display the TODO file of a given package toupgrade List versions of upgradable packages tutorial Display wajig tutorial unhold Remove listed packages from hold so they are again upgradeable unofficial Search for an unofficial Debian package at apt-get.org update Update the list of new and updated packages available from the repository updatealternatives Update default alternative for things like x-window-manager updatepciids Updates the local list of PCI ids from the internet master list updateusbids Updates the local list of USB ids from the internet master list upgrade Conservative system upgrade upgradesecurity Do a security upgrade verify Check package's md5sum version Report wajig version versions List version and distribution of given packages whichpackage Search for files matching a given pattern within packages
Your donation will support ongoing availability and give you access to the PDF version of this book. Desktop Survival Guides include Data Science, GNU/Linux, and MLHub. Books available on Amazon include Data Mining with Rattle and Essentials of Data Science. Popular open source software includes rattle, wajig, and mlhub. Hosted by Togaware, a pioneer of free and open source software since 1984. Copyright © 1995-2022 email@example.com Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 | <urn:uuid:8541bfa3-28af-4237-bcf8-ea428afe0fb8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.togaware.com/linux/survivor/wajig-more-commands.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.748148 | 594 | 1.617188 | 2 |
In celebration of the 40th anniversary of its original publication, here is a new translation of the classic story of the life and loves of a poet/physician during the turmoil of the Russian Revolution.
Taking his family from Moscow to what he hopes will be shelter in the Ural Mountains, Zhivago finds himself instead embroiled in the battle between the Whites and the Reds. Set against this backdrop of cruelty and strife is Zhivago’s love for the tender and beautiful Lara: pursued, found, and lost again, Lara is the very embodiment of the pain and chaos of those cataclysmic times.
©1957 Boris Pasternak (P)2011 Random House
"This new translation by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky is for the first time based on the authentic original text, reflects the present, deeper level of understanding of the great masterpiece of 20th century Russian literature and conveys its whole artistic richness with all its complexities and subtleties that had escaped the attention of the earlier translators and readers." (Lazar Fleishman, Professor of Russian Literature, Stanford University)
"Without a doubt, their version will become the standard translation of the novel for years to come." (Barry Scherr, Mandel Family Professor of Russian, Dartmouth College)
The Book Snob for Paris Life Magazine.
This book is so much more than an epic historical love story, but I would never have picked up on it earlier in life. It is a Russian philosophical feast. The women in Zhivago's life clearly portray his feelings about Russia and the social changes that it went through. I'm amazed at how Pasternak was able to do this. The audio version was excellent because it provided a short intro that helped me with the magical /folktale part of the book, and then it had an afterword and a short history on Pasternak's life. Just be prepared for its typical Russian length and repetitiveness on theme / thought. Oh, and the love story is magnificent, too.
... and Lara.
This felt more like a history book than a novel. Of course, a well-written and lyrical history book, but still. Like many, I read this because I loved the movie. As others have mentioned, this is nothing like the movie. The primary goal of this novel, it seems, is to tell what life was like during the Revolution. The secondary, or maybe even tertiary, goal of this is to tell the stories of Zhivago and others. Found this very hard to follow. I have to put this book in the "glad I listened to it, but sure didn't enjoy it" category. I've listened to and enjoyed War and Peace, Anna Karenina, The Brothers Karamazov, and Crime and Punishment, so I'm not at all adverse to long, philosophical Russian novels.
A living historical document of the Russian Revolution, by one who lived through it to tell the tale.
Strelnikov. Hero and villain, most realistic character.
He did women's voices pretty well.
I was appalled to learn that Pasternak was a self hating Jew.He went off on some antisemitic rants, which, considering he was of Jewish heritage, was extremely shocking.
I am more impressed now, by the David Lean film. He was able to take a somewhat tedious narrative and piece together an unforgettable film.
Pasternak has an amazing ability to capture the necessarily complex Russian philosophical attitudes during and after the Russian revolution and turn them into a beautiful novel of hardship and perseverance.
The translator and narrators did a fine job. However, the novel had zero humor and was very preachy. I listened to this book because Pasternak won the Nobel Prize and the David Lean movie is a classic. But don't expect Tolstoy or Dostoevsky.
It was outstanding!
I was warned that it would be difficult to follow the characters, but it was not difficult at all.
the story of life.
"Just being there".
Zhivago ... Yuri .... of course. Because he reminds me of myself. I have a certain inertia which keeps me grounded and for the most part I just flow with what comes at the moment. That is Yuri's mode of living. Yuri is life. This isn't a love story, as one might take from the movie, but of being drawn to something new because it seemed right at the time. That is, the opportunity presents itself and you live it to the full.
The aspect of living life is poetically described in the race of Yuri in the broken down tram and Mademoiselle Fleury. Yuri simply loses that race and Mademoiselle Fleury carries on with hers. Which is significantly different from the movie which has Lara in the place of Fleury, and the message is entirely lost.
That Yuri is life shows itself in the manner of description for which Pasternak is emminently skilled. When Yuri experiences something the sensuality of it is brought forth through the words, better than for any other author I know of.
The narrator isn't that important here.
Yes. But best savoured in portions ... when reading again after the first time. I read the book perhaps 2 or 3 times a year.
The repetitions and coincidences are exceptional in this book. An example is the Rowan Berry tree [European Ash] and red wine.
John Lee sure. He saved it. But this book was a chore.
I read this book because it is a classic. I suspect it reflects the people and the times well. But oh, my. Take me back to Follett's Century Trilogy.
Voices distinguishable and not annoying, even though the characters were.
Relief it was over and sorry it cost 2 credits.
After a trip to Russia, I decided to read Doctor Zhivago and given the difficulty of pronouncing the many names, surmised that the best reading would be an audio book. The reader was perfect! Thank you! The afterword was extremely informative, I wish there had been an option to hear about the life of Pasternak and the political influences on his work before listening to the book.
Report Inappropriate Content | <urn:uuid:d543aa00-d248-4c18-b500-f138cb85b468> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.audible.com/pd/Classics/Doctor-Zhivago-Audiobook/B005580R1E?ref_=det_sim_auth_1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00118-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971255 | 1,291 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Accurate economical forecasts are significant to controlling income movement, setting practical objectives and budgets, and guiding essential selections that assist sustain and increase design enterprises. But, building them is not constantly an straightforward task for design finance professionals (CFMs).
CFMs confront exclusive troubles when tackling the normally time-intensive economical forecasting method, which includes identifying and accounting for task fade, burn up prices, and backlogs involved with their market.
Finance teams within design firms are under steady pressure to enhance their firm’s effectiveness even though also decreasing costs, and they are normally encumbered by procedures and systems that don’t constantly combine or make knowledge quickly available. What’s a lot more, they are probably disconnected from those who operate core business units, which qualified prospects to a absence of insights into crucial business drivers, and ultimately a not so precise forecast.
The excellent information is, technologies, together with best techniques, can fix these complications.
Listed here are five recommendations to assist you produce a a lot more effective forecast with out battle:
Make it a Collaborative Course of action
Forecasting is not a one particular-individual effort and hard work, nor is it limited to those in the finance section. Producing it a collaborative effort and hard work that involves leaders from across the company will enable you to assemble insights you could have usually been unaware of and address considerations exclusive to each self-discipline within the business.
Collaborative forecasting offers task professionals comprehensive accountability for the pursuits that push their budgets, incentivizing them to improved take care of their initiatives and teams.
Assumptions about external aspects impacting your business like how significantly your sector will increase or what new solutions your competitors could start have no area in forecasting.
As a substitute of slipping into an assumption trap, think about your backlog, the sum of your recent operate under design (or Get the job done in Progress (WIP)), and enjoy your burn up off rate, the rate at which initiatives are coming to completion.
Leveraging regular WIP reporting that demonstrates month-to-month task charge to date and believed charge at completion will assist aspect in and account for new initiatives awarded and backfilled current initiatives. It is a much safer strategy.
Leverage a Rolling Working Income Stream Forecast with Many Scenarios
Generating a rolling operating income movement forecast, one particular that reoccurs on a month-to-month or quarterly foundation, provides ongoing visibility, and increases your precision and ability to take care of income movement.
Make absolutely sure to take a task by task perspective, assessing effectiveness based on each task, controlling commercial hazard and option, and comprehension both of those long term income situation and probable funding demands.
Make Reforecasting a Norm
There’s nothing at all mistaken with reforecasting. In simple fact, it is a smart practice.
Generating rolling forecasts and budgets, as opposed to a one particular-and-accomplished once-a-year forecast, makes it possible for you to regulate based on present effectiveness and tendencies, alternatively than depending on forecasts created on predictions you produced months in the past.
It also permits you to pivot when necessary, so significant selections are based on what’s occurring now. You can improved align budgets and enhance your precision, participating in a a lot more beneficial function within your business.
Automate the Procedures
Believe of how significantly time you’d preserve, time that could be improved spent, and adopt automation technologies to handle the handbook procedures of your function, which includes the knowledge assortment and collaboration associated in forecasting.
Automation gathers knowledge from across your company and permits everyone associated in the forecasting method to collaborate via a cloud-based system. They can accessibility it from wherever, at any time, conserving you from chasing knowledge.
It can also make reports business house owners will need, when they will need them, and rework your overall business and your customers’ by changing inefficient payment procedures with digital invoicing and payments.
In addition to conserving time, you are going to preserve revenue, enhance precision, improve stability, and obtain improved visibility into knowledge and insights that can drastically effects your business.
For a lot more information and facts the time-conserving benefits of AP automation, look at-out our latest weblog article. | <urn:uuid:0a6bf479-4e68-44eb-9757-62151e30ba61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.imagetown.net/how-to-be-a-more-efficient-effective-financial-forecaster.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.941454 | 891 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Singapore Grand Prix: Racing through the haze
Singapore Grand Prix likely to go ahead this weekend
SINGAPORE, Sept 15 AFP - Organisers of the Singapore Grand Prix say the haze situation caused by forest fires in Indonesia is volatile but there are no plans so far to cancel the event.
Rain gave the city a welcome respite from the acrid smog but the Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) which measures air quality remained at “unhealthy” levels and grey, fog-like smoke still shrouded the island.
Organisers said on Tuesday there were no plans to amend the programme of the nightime street circuit race and the glitzy public entertainment shows that come with it based on the current air quality levels.
“The haze situation is highly changeable - not only from day to day, but from hour to hour,” Singapore GP said in a statement.
“Therefore, it is currently not possible to reliably predict what the PSI level might be over the race weekend.”
Indonesia on Tuesday deployed an extra 1600 military personnel to fight seasonal forest and farm fires on Sumatra island across the Strait of Malacca from Singapore.
Air pollution indices in Singapore were still in the moderately unhealthy range on Tuesday but businesses and schools were operating normally.
They reached very unhealthy levels after sunset on Monday, limiting visibility in the Marina Bay district where the race would be staged with parties and outdoor concerts on the sidelines.
In Malaysia, the education ministry ordered schools closed in Kuala Lumpur, three adjacent states and the administrative capital of Putrajaya.
Singapore GP said the air quality readings and relevant health advisory would be posted on its website and official mobile app to help fans “make informed decisions”.
They will also be flashed on the giant screen in between races and broadcast on the in-circuit radio system. The health advisory will be posted on all entrances at the circuit.
It said protective respiratory masks “will be available for patrons throughout the circuit park at cost price”, while medical and first aid posts would be on standby “to handle any possible haze-related conditions”.
International acts Bon Jovi, Maroon 5, Pharrell Williams, Spandau Ballet and Jimmy Cliff are the featured off-track performances this year. | <urn:uuid:52e5209e-63bb-4913-8eaf-57e5c2597e5b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.driven.co.nz/news/motorsport/singapore-grand-prix-racing-through-the-haze/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00163-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936722 | 478 | 1.523438 | 2 |
In the last year, we have seen the exponential growth of the cryptocurrency economy as tons of money flowed into various cryptocurrencies, decentralized finance (DeFi), non-decryptable tokens (NFT), crypto indices, insurance products and decentralized options markets.
The total value locked (TVL) in the DeFi sector across all networks has grown from $ 18 billion at the beginning of 2021 to $ 240 billion in January 2022. With a lot of liquidity in the ecosystem, the space for crypto lending has also grown exponentially, from $ 60 million early in 2021 to over $ 400 million by January 2022.
Despite the exponential growth and innovation of DeFi products, the cryptocurrency market is still limited to token-backed loans, ie providing a cryptocurrency as collateral for borrowing another cryptocurrency.
There are several platforms such as Nexo and Genesis that provide NFT-secured loans, but this service is mainly for institutional customers with first-class NFT. For retail, it is nothing more than token-backed loans.
If the cryptocurrency economy is to grow to the size of any real economy, it must reach the masses of retail consumers and be able to provide them with financing opportunities.
Here are the key components that must be developed before the crypto banking infrastructure can compete with banks.
Selection of goods and services
One of the most frequently asked questions from those who are new and want to enter the crypto-economy: what can I buy? The current infrastructure has nothing but NFTs, DeFi products, storage and liquidity supply.
In a traditional economy, currencies exist because the exchange of goods for services, or vice versa, usually does not have a 1: 1 ratio, so currencies serve to facilitate transactions of goods and services. In cryptoeconomics, currencies existed before goods and services were widely available to buyers. This makes cryptocurrencies difficult to value and volatile.
An economy needs enough goods and services to create enough supply and demand for consumers to use the currency to exchange these goods and services. With only NFT and DeFi financial products in the current cryptocurrency ecosystem, it is very difficult to attract ordinary Joes or Janes into the economy, because there are simply not many of them to consume.
A sound and functional banking system is also dependent on ensuring sufficient liquidity through customer deposits and sufficient customer demand for borrowed funds. With the rise of digital goods and services, especially non-financial ones such as art, music, real estate or gaming equipment in the metaverse, the banking system will be able to use them as collateral for various secured loans. Like car loans or mortgages, consumers in the cryptocurrency world will be able to own these products by paying for them on a regular basis in the future.
Reliable credit scoring system
In the current market for cryptocurrency lending, customers do not require a credit check or credit scoring system to borrow cryptocurrency. This is because credit is over-mortgaged and the credit-to-value ratio is strictly controlled. When the maximum life value exceeds the liquidation limit, the collateral will be sold at a discount to repay the loan. The full value of the security is never used, and there is always a large reserve in case of a sudden decrease in the value of the security.
In conventional banking, customers receive a credit score based on their past transaction behavior and financial status, ie annual income, savings, loan repayments and investments. In the cryptocurrency lending market, this is almost impossible because wallets are created anonymously and anyone can create as many wallets as they want. This makes it very difficult to track the behavior of transactions and create a credit score.
In order for the current structure to change, users must be motivated to build a good overview of all wallet activity and wallet loyalty. There are scores like Terra’s LUNAtic Rankings for ranking order correlations within a particular series, but there does not appear to be any specific credit rating for ranking the financial health of portfolio owners.
As more jobs are created in the crypto area and more people are paid in crypto, wallets that show a healthy long history of activity, such as a stable cash flow of income, an ongoing stable balance or regular loan payments in crypto, should. rewarded. . The reward can be in the form of larger loans at lower interest rates; or take a long time. | <urn:uuid:a5921e94-1a09-46db-b9a8-ceb58195cf8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sloveniag.com/3-things-the-crypto-sector-must-offer-to-truly-mainstream-with-tradfi/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.957245 | 873 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Bad physics is baked into the fabric of movies and TV shows, it’s inescapable. Almost every action film you could care to name features a gun firing and sending the victim recoiling with enough force to lift them off their feet. The truth is, due to Newton’s third law — simply stated as ‘every action has an equal and opposite reaction’ — if the bullet leaves the gun with enough force to lift someone off their feet, it should exert the same force on the firer. Either throwing them back or causing enough force to snap their wrist.
Oh… but it goes so much further than this. A well-placed bullet to a petrol tank won’t blow up a car. An explosion powerful enough to lift our hero off their feet should also turn their insides to jam. And a lit cigarette won’t ignite a puddle of gas.
Bad physics isn’t just restricted to the action or sci-fi genres, either. Whilst watching James Cameron’s Titanic (1997) — physics overlord Neil DeGrasse Tyson noticed that the stars in the sky above the sinking ship were all wrong given its geographical location.
That really leads us to pose the question; how pedantic should we be regarding science whilst indulging in media that requires the suspension of disbelief?
I’m going to assume you answered that question “very pedantic indeed” and detail noticeable physics-faux pas in some of Hollywood’s most treasured movie franchises.
You should be warned, spoilers and extreme pedantry lie ahead.
It’s a Bird. It’s a Plane…
It would be hard to argue against the assertion that Richard Donner’s 1978 Superman is not only the grand-daddy of all superhero movies but has become a genuine slice of Americana. Yet, as much of a verified classic as it is, Superman has some major physics problems.
The film, publicised with the tag-line ‘You’ll believe a man can fly’ comes loaded with the usual superhuman feats that comic book readers had witnessed the Man of Steel perform in DC Comics publications since the late 1930s, but one of the Kryptonian’s accomplishments during the film’s unusually grim finale caused even the most invested fan to raise an eyebrow.
We’ll get to that, but first, let’s talk about Superman’s iconic first appearance in costume above the skies of Metropolis. Margot Kidder’s acerbic reporter and Supes’ love interest in the film–and pretty much everywhere else–Lois Lane dangles from a helicopter, which itself is perched precariously atop the roof of the Daily Planet.
Just as she loses her grip and plummets, Clark Kent, portrayed by Christopher Reeves, tears his shirt revealing the iconic S-shield of Superman, before making a full change in a revolving door and taking to the sky to catch Lane.
The rescue leads to the classic exchange between the two: “Easy miss. I’ve got you.”
“You’ve got me, but who’s got you?”
How much of a heroic rescue this would have actually been is in serious doubt, however. To determine just how deadly this ‘rescue’ would have been let’s figure out just how fast Lois was travelling when she hit the arms of the Man of Steel.
I watched the clip from the film and it looks like Lois is falling for about 11 seconds. Let’s calculate the velocity she is travelling at when she reaches Superman.
Our calculation means that Lois hits Superman’s arms at about 240 miles per hour! It should be noted that the above calculation doesn’t take into account wind resistance. Fortunately, a team of undergraduates at the University of Leicester calculated just that, estimating that factoring in wind resistance Superman catches Lois travelling at 78.6 m/s — or about — 174 mph!
The team believe that as long as Superman was stationary when he catches the reporter, she would escape with severe bruising. They estimate the pressure she experiences is around 9 x 10⁴ Pa — less than the approximate 1.7 x 10⁵ Pa required to break a small bone.
The truth is, Lois would come to as sudden a stop and experience just as much force if Superman caught her and immediately halted her motion as she would from hitting the pavement.
But, if this daring rescue sets our ‘physics-sense’ tingling, the feat the Man of Steel performs at the conclusion of the same film will be like a fog-horn going off between our ears.
If I Could Turn Back Time
At the climax of Superman (1978) Lex Luthor nukes the San Andreas fault causing massive earthquakes, as part of his plan to raise real estate prices in the area (eh?). Whilst Superman races around saving school buses and acting as a train track in lieu of a downed section of the railroad–let’s not even get into the physics of that stunt– Lois is buried by a landslide, trapped in her car.
The Mand of Steel arrives too late. As he pulls her from her car, he realises the reporter is dead. The movie has already given Clark and the audience a stark reminder that even though he’s Superman — Clark is still a ‘man’. He watches his adoptive father Jonathan die of a heart attack, knowing that even with his considerable powers he is still (mostly) bound by the laws of nature.
Until he isn’t…
Driven by grief, Supes flies into space, whipping around the globe turning it backwards. This would be pretty pointless, but in this case, it happens to also turn back time allowing Superman to rescue Lois, not just from certain death but from literal death.
Even if reversing the rotation of Earth would reverse time — and why would it — surely stopping Earth’s rotation and reversing it should require the exertion of a pretty tremendous force on the planet. Wouldn’t this do way more damage than Lex’s nuke?
Earth is spinning at 1100 mph if it suddenly ‘stops’ its atmosphere would keep going, likely resulting in everything that isn’t very firmly secured to bedrock being flung into space. That’s according to NASA anyway. So Superman had between hope that spinning Earth in the opposite direction reverses time or he’s going to return to a pretty barren planet. Possibly even one with a large crack — or several in it due to the massive force required to halt its rotation.
Maybe, just try and revive Lois with CPR next time Clark.
In a Galaxy Far, Far Away… Physics Doesn’t Work…
Look, no one should really expect Star Wars to get physics right. George Lucas’ tale is underpinned by the struggle to control a mysterious universe-spanning magical force — imaginatively titled ‘the Force’ — by what are ostensibly space wizards, thus making it more fantasy than sci-fi. That doesn’t mean we should overlook some real glaring errors though.
In Star Wars: A New Hope (1977), when Luke and Obi-Wan first meet intergalactic rogue Han Solo in the Cantina on Mos Eisely if his roguish nature didn’t put them off a trip in the Millenium Falcon, Solo’s description of the craft as “…the ship that made the Kessel run in less than twelve parsecs…” should definitely have them questioning the smuggler’s technical ability.
Solo is clearly referring to the vessel’s speed as he continues by remarking that the Falcon has also outrun several imperial ships. Problem is, a parsec is, of course, a measure of astronomical distance, not time — equivalent to about 3.0857×10¹⁶ metres or 19 trillion miles!
During the film’s sequel, Empire Strikes Back (1980) Chewie will definitely need a toothbrush for his trip aboard the Falcon. The crew travel from the ice world of Hoth to Bespin with a broken hyperdrive, meaning it should be restricted to just below lightspeed. As the canonical distance between the planets is about 5.0 x 10⁴ light-years, the journey should take about 5,000 years!
Distance also plays a problem in the sequel when Han and crew enter an asteroid field. The truth is that entering a real asteroid cluster wouldn’t pose much of a navigational problem to the rebels as the average distance between objects in an asteroid belt is 600,000 miles–or more than 75 times the diameter of Earth!
The Millenium Falcon isn’t the only physics-defying vessel in the Star Wars series. Far from it.
In Space, No-one Can Hear a Physics Nerd Groan
Iconic is probably the only word to describe the ships in Star Wars. The designs of the ships used by both the rebels and the empire are so striking that they changed the idea of crafts in science fiction irreversibly.
What George Lucas envisioned for the franchise was a series of daring dog-fights in space, and arguably this idea is never better realised than at the end of Star Wars as Luke and the rebels race to exploit a tiny chink in the armour of the Death Star (seriously, you couldn’t have put a grate over that?).
The sounds made by the ships are perfect as they dodge and weave during the battle, and who can forget the agonising scream of a strafed R2D2? There’s just one problem…
We shouldn’t hear anything.
In the near-perfect vacuum of space, there is no medium for sound — a mechanical vibration — to propagate through.
One film that gets this right is Stanley Kubrick’ unforgettable 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968). In fact, Kubrick’s masterpiece, based on a story by Arthur C. Clarke gets a lot of its science right. Much of this is due to the fact that Kubrick was aware of NASA’s quest to put a man on the moon — something they would achieve the following year — so didn’t want mankind’s forthcoming giant leap to date his film.
Of course, the sounds of the crafts zipping through space isn’t the only thing that would need to be stripped from Star Wars if that lack of atmosphere in space was factored in. Ships in space couldn’t turn and bank the way craft did during aerial dogfights in the Second World War as they don’t experience air pressure like that banking aircraft on Earth encounter. It’s likely that any attempt to turn would result in endless banking.
The space dogfight described above ends with the titanic explosion of the Death Star.
The problem is, fire needs a fuel to burn and no atmosphere in space means no air and no oxygen to act as fuel for this massive fireball. Of course, we can speculate that there has to be oxygen in the Death Star itself, but nowhere near enough to give us the conflagration we see as the Death Star erupts.
The explosion would be more like a camera flash accompanied by flying debris. Also missing, that amazing ring of flame that perfectly caps off the scene.
At Least Star Trek Gets it Right… Right?
Star Trek, at least the earlier iterations of the show such as the Original Series (1966–1969) and the Next Generation (1987 -1994), is often regarded as the science fiction show that ‘gets it right’ more so than say Star Wars. But, whilst the writers of Star Trek often endeavoured to ground stories with some ‘real science’ and the show has certainly made a mark on the scientists and science communicators of today, the franchise still suffers from some glaring inaccuracies.
The main problem faced by Star Trek is one that is common to any space-faring drama serial or continuing story — the vast scale of space. In order for Kirk, Picard and Janeway to encounter a new alien species almost every week for 24 episodes a year, the showrunners of Star Trek really have to ignore the vastness of space and its relative emptiness.
In the year the first episode of the Original Series, or ToS as the fans call it was aired, the Apollo craft took three days to travel the approximate 375,000 km to the Moon. This is an object that is relatively close to the earth. Meanwhile, on another channel Kirk and Spock are hopping between star systems in a matter of moments. Considering the distance between the solar system and the nearest star system — home of the star Proxima Centauri — is a whopping 4.22 light-years (yes Han, light-years are a measure of distance too) or forty trillion kilometres — you can see the problem the showrunners immediately faced.
Working around these immense distances requires the Enterprise–and most other starships in almost all forms of science fiction– to travel at speeds exceeding that of light. Thus, for such shows to exist and provide a narrative that is more thrilling than forty years of regular duties aboard a starship, they must break this very fundamental limit of physics.
The ‘speed limit of the Universe’ may sound something that is arbitrary, but the idea that nothing with mass can travel faster than light, and the accompanying tenet that accelerating an object of mass to the speed of light would take an infinite amount of force, are crucial to our understanding of modern physics, thus making ‘warp speed’ an impossibility.
Of course, Star Trek fans being an exceptionally clever bunch consisting of mathematicians and physicists of near-genius, have a workaround for this problem. In 1994, the journal Classical and Quantum Gravity published an article by Miguel Alcubierre, a Mexican physicist, entitled ‘The warp drive: hyper-fast travel within general relativity.’
The researcher, also an avid star trek fan, lays out a potential workaround for faster than light travel, explaining that a device that could contract space in front of it, whilst simultaneously contracting space behind it could allow a ship to move at speeds greater than that of light.
Even allowing for this, it still doesn’t quite absolve the problem of the vast distances involved in space travel. Some early episodes of ToS featured the Enterprise crew making trips between galaxies. The average distance between galaxies is 9,900,000 light-years, meaning that even travelling at speeds beyond that of light, such intergalactic jaunts still wouldn’t be feasible in the time scales depicted in the show.
The Beauty of the Suspension of Disbelief
So, should we let these clear violations of the laws of physics bother of us when we are watching a Hollywood movie or TV show?
For me, science fiction and action movies and TV are about escapism. In fact, what bothers me more is when these forms of fiction try to pander too much to science , attempting to pay it very hollow lip service and still get it wrong . I’m looking at you Star Trek: Discovery .
Of course, if you can’t disconnect and accept the technobabble found in shows like Stra Trek there are several alternatives that more closely reflect ‘actual science.’
I’ve already mentioned the pains that Kubrick went to, so that 2001: A Space Odyssey would appear as a somewhat real a depiction of space travel. More recently, Christopher Nolan’s Interstellar (2014) employed theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate Kip Thorne as a consultant to ensure that the physics surrounding the movie’s black hole — Gargantua — reflected current scientific thinking and theories.
The result was a film that was lauded as depicting science fiction’s most accurate portrayal of a black hole. In an interview prior to the film’s release Thorne remarked: “Neither wormholes nor black holes have been depicted in any Hollywood movie in the way that they actually would appear. This is the first time the depiction began with Einstein’s general relativity equations.”
With that said, the above movies aren’t perfect, and why should they be? The occasional violation of the laws of physics in service of a thrilling plot, a breath-taking action scene, or an inspiring feat of heroism is just fine by me.
The truth is, as much as I love science when the opening bars of John Williams’ Superman theme I couldn’t care less about the laws of physics being flaunted on screen. | <urn:uuid:09e9f5bb-f259-4c5f-b675-6e3ff792c480> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dev.zmescience.com/tag/movies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.950397 | 3,448 | 2.46875 | 2 |
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